The subject of the research is the influence of the type of Portland cement, as well as the nature and concentration of additives that represent electrolytes and polymers, onto the foam stability. The project is implemented within the framework of the research of foamed ceramic. Detailed explanation of the influence pattern is provided. The research performed by the authors has generated the following findings. Besides the rheological properties of the solution, chemical interaction between the mix components must be taken into account in the course of development of the best foamed ceramic mix composition, as chemical processes produce a substantial influence onto the foam stability. Polymer additives based on liquid carbamyde-formaldehyde and polyacrylamide substantially improve the quality of the foam mineralized by the particles of the cement binder. They also assure the foam stability rate sufficient for the formation of a high-quality foamed material.


The Millau Viaduct on the A75 motorway, France was opened in December 2004. The viaduct was designed by UK architect Norman Foster with structural engineer Michel Virlogeux. The bridge was built within a concession, which was awarded to Compagnie Eiffage du Viaduct de Millau. The cable-stayed bridge consists of eight spans. The cross section is a streamlined orthotropic steel box-girder with two vertical webs. The box-girder carries two lanes of traffic in each direction. The bridge has wind screens in addition to classical barriers. The box-girder deck is tied down to the pier by vertical prestressing tendons in line with the two fixed bearings on each shaft. The pylon has the shape of an inverted V. The piers have a variable cross-section. The launching system used to push the steel box-girder deck in place is described. After the closure above the Tarn river, the pylons were transported onto the deck. They were then tilted up from a horizontal position using cable-stayed temporary support towers.


While the state law permeates into every aspect of social life increasingly,a large amount of phenomena still exist,such as "break the law with good intention","rational evasion of law","edge ball",and so on.These are because that the limitation of the state law has fallen away the fact of social life,while folk law which plays the regulative role in social life has been neglected,or even destroyed.Discusses these phenomena on the view of sociology of law.


Gastric subepithelial lesion (SEL) was commonly encountered during endoscopic procedure as an incidental finding. The estimated incidence of gastric SEL is approximately 1 in 300 patients. For SEL, further stepwise investigation would be needed according to the size and location of the lesion. However, splenic artery aneurysm is rare etiology of SEL but should be considered as a differential diagnosis for gastric SEL. This 43-year-old male had postprandial abdominal fullness and intermittent epigastric cramping pain since couple of months ago after trauma. He went to local medical doctor (LMD) first and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) there revealed a 2–3-cm SEL at posterior wall of high body (Figure 1(A)). Therefore, he was transferred to our out patient department (OPD) for further examination.


The water balance of the Sudd is represented by a hydrological model which uses measured inflows and outflows and estimates of rainfall and evaporation to reproduce volumes and areas of flooding over the historical period 1905-1980. Predicted outflows based on inflows are then substituted for measured outflows so that the proposed diversions through the Jonglei Canal can be incorporated in the model in order to predict the effects of the canal on areas of flooding. Un modèle hydrologique du Sudd et du Canal de Jonglei RESUME Le bilan hydrologique du Sudd est représenté par un modèle hydrologique utilisant les debits entrants et sortants mesurés et les pluies et evaporations estimées pour reproduire les volumes et les superficies inondées pendant la période historique 1905-1980, Les débits sortants estimés a partir des débits entrants sont ensuite substitues de sorte que les derivations des eaux proposées par le canal de Jonglei peuvent être introduites dans le modèle pour estimer les effets du canal sur les superficies inondées.


Alliance for Maternal and Newborn Health Improvement (AMANHI) mo; (2018) Population-based rates, timing, and causes of maternal deaths, stillbirths, and neonatal deaths in south Asia and sub-Saharan Africa: a multi-country prospective cohort study. The Lancet. Global health, 6 (12). e1297-e1308. ISSN 2214-109X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30385-1 Downloaded from: http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/4650498/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30385-1


Health systems responses to covid-19 can help to identify factors within and outside of the health system that affect its resilience to shocks, suggest Anna Sagan and colleagues


This paper studies the (3+1)-dimensional extended Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation with power law nonlinearity that apperas in the study of multi-component plasmas. The solutions are obtained by several methods such as modified F-expansion method, exp-function method, / GGexpansion method, ansatz method, traveling wave hypothesis, the improved Jacobi's elliptic function method and Lie symmetry analysis. These method lead to several closed form exact solutions. Some of these solutions are topological, non-topological and singular solitons, cnoidal, snoidal waves. It is also shown that in the limiting case, these doubly periodic functions lead to singular periodic functions, complexitons and linear waves. The domain restrictions are also identfified in order for the soliton solutions to exist.


A novel data compression scheme of light field is presented. Different from the prior codecs, we perform image predicting and data coding in a set of subbands not directly in original images. In our approach, the original images are decomposed into subbands using wavelet packet transform, and the corresponding wavelet packet bases are divided into two parts: the predictable bases and the unpredictable bases by some criterions. In coding, a propagating algorithm and a rhombuses structure is used, and the subbands corresponding to the basis in predictable and unpredictable bases are added in sequence by relative energy until the reconstructing images meet the pre-established reconstruction quality. Experiments for two standard light fields verify the efficiency of our approach.


Introduction: Except for the uterine prolapse indication, vaginal hysterectomy has been less popular than abdominal hysterectomy because the latter is considered safer and easier and surgeons often lack sufficient experience on the former. This study aims at comparing a group of patients without prolapse who underwent vaginal hysterectomy to another group of patients who underwent abdominal and laparoscopic hysterectomies with respect to intraoperative and early postoperative complications. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the files of patients who presented to the gynecology outpatient clinic of Ondokuz May?s University (OMU), Turkey, between January 2013 and February 2018 and for whom hysterectomy was decided due to benign indications other than uterine prolapse. A total of 105 patients, 35 from each of the groups who underwent abdominal, laparoscopic and vaginal hysterectomies, were included in the study. The vaginal hysterectomy group was compared to the abdominal and laparoscopic hysterectomy patient groups with respect to duration of operation, decrease in hematocrit, blood transfusion, duration of hospitalization, hospital expenses, postoperative pain, wound site infection, and complications of intestine, bladder and ureter. Results: No statistically significant differences were found between the demographic characteristics of the groups. Vaginal hysterectomy was shown to be superior to laparoscopic and abdominal hysterectomies with respect to mean duration of operation (p 0.005). Conclusion: The most important factor in choosing a hysterectomy method is the experience of the surgeon. However, vaginal hysterectomy should be the primarily preferred method, if possible, for being more advantageous in many respects.


The present study was developed in-vitro , to assess the inhibitory activity against shrimp pathogens of bacterial Isolates from shrimp food, shrimp gut, seawater and seaweed . Two types of strain of commercial probiotics were isolated from aquaculture feeds named as A and B. The identified strains were Bacillus subtilis , Lactobacillus plantarum , Pseudomonas fluorescens and Staphylococcus lactis. Both commercial and isolated probiotic organisms were identified and screened against shrimp pathogens like Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio harveyi by agar well diffusion method. Among eight organisms in the commercial probiotics vial A and B, only four organisms showed highest zone of inhibition against shrimp pathogens. The four isolated probiotic organisms showed highest zone of inhibition against shrimp pathogens. The measurement of zone of inhibition of isolated probiotics was greater than the inhibition zone of commercial probiotics. The isolated probiotic organisms were analyzed in survival of high pH. The results obtained were shown that all the isolated organisms were survived up to pH 14. The formulated probiotics is better for shrimp aquaculture practices than the commercial probiotics


Although the focus is on herbs as ornamentals in a variety of garden settings, from formal to wild, this is an encyclopedia of herbs, including more than 600 species and cultivars. It offers information on cultivation, folklore and history, and culinary uses.


Countries like companies are going bust these days. The global system is so intertwined that systemic shocks affect countries like ninepins. Some time ago it was specific risks and debt mismanagement which afflicted countries but currently it is systemic risk which has taken precedent. Like the oil shock of the seventies, it is now the banks that have become the new grenade which is exploding in the front rooms of European countries like Ireland.


Two cases of natural interspecific hybridization in Japanese Agropyron were observed in Misima. One is a pentaploid hybrid between Ag. ciliare and Ag. tsukushiense, and the other is a hexaploid hybrid between Ag. humidum and Ag. tsukushiense.The pentaploid hybrid was highly sterile and no seed setting was observed. It is assumed that in this hybrid combination introgressive hybridization would not occur in natural conditions.As to the hexaploid natural hybrid, two cases were observed; i.e., one allopatric and the other sympatric. In the allopatric case Ag. humidum and the common type of Ag. tsukushiense were involved, while in the sympatric case Ag. humidum and the early ecotype of Ag. tsukushiense were the parental species. In both cases low seed setting was found from the examination of a considerable number of hybrid clones in natural conditions. From progeny tests of backcrossed plants obtained from the sympatric natural hybrids between Ag. humidum and the early ecotype of Ag. tsukushiense, the following conclusions are drawn: It is quite possible that introgression of characters, such as waxiness, from one species to the other was taking place in the natural populations through backcrossing to the parental species of the F1 hybrids followed by segregation of the characters concerned. Rather quick restoration of fertility in the hybrid progenies made possible the establishment of hybrid swarms in a state of nature having intermingled characteristics of the parental species. However, so far no introgressants have been found yet in the natural sympatric populations of these two species. High sterility of F1 hybrids might be a major cause of restricted introgression.


The present study reports on the development and evaluation of a classroom module to train scientific thinking skills. The module was implemented in two of four parallel sections of introductory psychology. To assess learning, a passage-based question set from the medical college admissions test (MCAT2015) preview guide was included as extra credit on the final exam in all sections. This provided an outcome that was distinct in content from the module, while tapping the same underlying scientific thinking skills. Students in the experimental classrooms answered more questions correctly on targeted scientific thinking skills than students in the comparison classrooms. These data support the benefit of targeted activities for training scientific thinking skills in introductory psychology.


Abstract : Over the past five years of this grant, we have systematically built the theoretical and experimental underpinnings of a new field in energy research. We experimentally demonstrated the thermopower wave phenomenon, outlining the synthesis and measurement techniques to quantify the energy balance. We also singularly pioneered the theory of these waves, focusing separately on the thermal wave propagation and the resulting concomitant carrier wave generating the electrical power pulse. We have synthesized nitrobenzene functionalized carbon nanotube fibers as thermopower wave generators. We have also theoretically predicted, and experimentally demonstrated, oscillations in voltage from the non-linearity of such waves. We have extended this field to higher efficiency fuels and system configurations. Progress towards energy harvesting from fugitive emissions has been made, with breakthroughs in catalysis and have enabled the extension of thermopower waves to liquid fuels for the first time.


T. C. Lin and W. R. Grabowsky TRW/ED RJ = local radius a t bicone juncture and Rb = reentry vehicle base radius. Under these restrictions, improvement in RV aerothermodynamic performance, e.g., small Xcp variation with M, and a ; minimum ablated nosetip downstream influence, may be achieved with no degradation in frustum boundary layer transition performance. Consideration is also given t o the disadvantages of using these suggested optimum RV configurations.


Pulsed resource subsidies generate ephemeral fluxes of nutrients and energy among ecosystems. The effects of pulsed subsidies should depend on the magnitude of the pulse, the in situ productivity of the recipient system, and the ability of consumers to capitalize on the resources, yet empirical data on these relationships are limited. We assessed the ecological consequences of variation in resource pulse magnitude, as represented by anadromous salmon returns, for the foraging and growth responses of two species of stream-dwelling salmonids in two streams that vary in productivity in southwestern Alaska. Over 11 years and across a greater than 10-fold variation in sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) density, both rainbow trout (O. mykiss) and Arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus) exhibited a relatively similar, but mechanistically different, non-linear saturating growth response to increasing salmon density. This growth response was driven by both an increase in consumption of salmon eggs and also a decrease in dietary overlap between the two species. However, the relative change in growth from low to high salmon densities was different between streams and depended on in situ stream productivity. In low salmon density years the growth of resident consumers fell 46–68% relative to high years in the low productivity stream, but only by 26–34% in the high productivity stream. Our study provides strong evidence that understanding of both the foraging ecology of consumers and the in situ productivity of recipient ecosystems, which together regulate the ecological consequences of variation in resource subsidies, is required for successful implementation of ecosystem-based management in systems dependent on pulsed resource subsidies.


We measured somatosensory evoked fields (SEFs) obtained by electric stimulation to the right thumb with a 39-channel SQUID system. To investigate the relationship between phase lag and stimulus repetition frequency, the delay time of a component synchronized with the stimulus repetition frequencies was calculated by convoluting the reference signal and the measured SEF. We also simulated electronic circuit model to obtain SEF function.. Finally we modeled SEF responses. We presented that characteristic of SEFs between phase lag and stimulus repetition frequency by using electronic circuit.


Submitted for the 51st Annual Meeting Division of Plasma Physics November 2–6, 2009, Atlanta, Georgia Predictions of ITER Steady State Scenario Using Scaled Experimental Edge Profiles in DIII-D,* M. Murakami, J.M. Park, ORNL; J.E. Kinsey, L.L. Lao, T.C. Luce, T.H. Osborne, G.M. Staebler, H.E. St John, P.B. Snyder, GA; E.J. Doyle, UCLA; R.V. Budny, D. McCune, PPPL — The DIII-D ITER demonstration shots replicated leading features of the ITER steady state scenario, including noninductive fraction (fNI) above 100%, q95 ~ 5, plasma shape, aspect ratio and Ip/aB. Integrated modeling with a theory-based (GLF23) model is used to extrapolate these results to the ITER steady state scenarios. The boundary conditions for GLF23 are set at = 0.8 while the edge profiles at 0.8 < < 1.0 are scaled with the experimental local N( ). The predicted values of fNI and fusion gain (Q) using the ITER Day-1 heating and current drive capability are close, but still somewhat short (by ~10%) in achieving the fNI = 100% and Q = 5 goal. Sensitivities of fNI, Q, edge and core stability, and gyrokinetic stability to plasma current, density, and density peaking, etc. will be discussed. Possible heating and current drive upgrades will also be explored. *Work supported by the US DOE under DE-AC05-00OR22725, DEFC02-04ER54698, DE-FG03-08ER54984 and DE-AC0209CH11466.


Eggs have been proved to be an ideal delivery for the human being to enhance the intake of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs). The variation of n-3 PUFAs concentration of the enriched eggs in household storage is a common concern, so, how to measure the n-3 PUFAs concentration in enriched eggs avoiding complicated and time-consuming procedures is a meaningful study. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technique was applied to achieve this aim in this research. 200 n-3 PUFAs enriched eggs were selected and stored under different household storage conditions (refrigeration and room temperature). Whole egg and liquid yolk for spectral scanning and measuring, Gas chromatography and NIRS were used to detect the content of n-3 PUFAs. The n-3 PUFAs content prediction models were developed based on NIRS. In comparison, the liquid yolk spectrum provided the best prediction using PLS combined with second derivative (2nd D) and Wavelet transform (WT), that Rc2=0.95, RMSECV=5.71, Rp2=0.83, RMSEP=16.9. This research demonstrated that NIRS technique coupled with opportune chemometric algorithms could be applied as a rapid detection technique for the content of n-3 PUFAs in eggs.


This study introduces a novel and useful strategy to elucidate the potent inhibitory effects of the active constituents of dried black grape and dried hot red pepper alone or in combination against cisplatin toxicity in rats. Eight groups, each consisting of 15 rats, Sprague dawley strain were used. All rat groups were injected ip with cisplatin (10 mg/kg of body weight), except for G1 which was injectedip by saline solution. The diets given to the different groups were as follows: G1 basal diet (-ve control ) and G2 basal diet (+ve control ),G3 and G4 : basal diet+ (5%) of either dried black grape or hot red pepper. G5 and G6: basal diet + (10%) of either dried black grape or hot red pepper. G7 and G8: basal diet is incorporated with total either of 5% or 10% of dried food, respectively. After 37 days, there was a significant increase in parameters of kidney function and serum nitric oxide, whilst there was a significant decrease in serum total protein and total antioxidant capacity in G2 compared to G1. Wherein, there was a significant increase in kidney tissues lipid peroxides and nitric oxide, together with a significant decrease in kidney tissues and blood SOD, GSHPx activities and blood HB was noticed in G2 compared with G1. The results revealed that, when the diet is supplemented with dried black grape and/or dried hot red pepper a remarkable modulation of these abnormalities occurred.This effect was in the following descending order: (G8 and G7), (G6 and G5) and then (G4 and G3). The conclusion is that supplementing the diet with either dried black grape and hot red pepper alone or both together can protect against nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin.


Traditional mining methods however are not suited to working offshore reserves, and development and infrastructure costs of new mines can render the exploitation of landward reserves uneconomical. Underground coal gasification (UCG) has the potential to provide a clean and convenient source of energy from coal seams where traditional mining methods are either impossible or uneconomical.
UCG is a method of converting unworked coal, deep underground, into a combustible gas, which can be used for industrial heating, power generation or the manufacture of hydrogen, synthetic natural gas – methan (CH4), or other chemicals. The gas can be processed to remove the CO2 before it is passed on to end users, thereby providing a source of clean energy with minimal green house gas emissions. The energy is recovered directly from coal seams, avoiding mining related hazards and the handling of surface coal and post-combustion ash.
UCG include the injection of steam and air or oxygen into an underground seam of coal which is ignited, and reacts in the presence of the injected gases to form a combustible gas (SYNGAS) that can be used either as a fuel or as a chemical feedstock.


The synovial chondromatosis is not described in a paediatric patient, hence this report Should read as The synovial chondromatosis treated by arthroscopy in a pediatric case is not described hence this report


It is described for generating a pulse sequence, a method (400) for adjusting used in the control of a magnetic resonance system control parameters. In the method a load stimulation of a patient representing values stimulation (STIM) for the pulse sequence on the basis of predetermined control parameters determined. Are identified stimulation maxima having test areas (MSO) of the pulse sequence and the identified test areas (MSO) tested for compliance with a predetermined stimulation threshold. a device (201) for determining used in the control of a magnetic resonance system control parameters, it will be further described. The device comprises a stimulation control unit (204) with a pacing value determination unit (205), a Prufbereichsidentifiziereinheit (215) and a Stimulationsprufeinheit (206). Stimulation valuation unit (205) is configured to load stimulation of a patient representing stimulation values (STIM) to determine predetermined control parameters for a pulse sequence based. The Prufbereichsidentifiziereinheit (215) is adapted to determine stimulation maxima having test areas (MSO) of the pulse sequence. The Stimulationsprufeinheit (206) is adapted to verify the identified test areas (MSO) as to whether a predetermined stimulation threshold (SGW) is observed.


A study exploring the effects of cognitive complexity and conformity on managers' adaptive performance in a turbulent environment is reported. The results support an overall positive effect of cognitive complexity on performance; this effect is both direct and indirectly mediated by a lack of conformity.


The classification of the Romanian soils under pedological aspect has constituted for the specialists a major desiderate with a tendency of continuous enrichment of the terminology, of the correlation between the specific of the soil and its name.
The whole evolution of the soil classification was dependent on a series of factors, from which the major factors are the pedological progresses themselves and those of auxiliary sciences, the last being implemented in 2003, meaning "The Romanian System of Soils Taxonomy". The present work will approach the soil classification from the pedologic point of view, meaning autochthon and alochthon of soils. To emphasize this the pedological approaches can not be eluded from the geological processes which constant appear with the solification in the three successive steps made (presolification, solification and postsolification) meaning the evolutive ways - quantitatively and qualitatively.
Referring to the relation rock-soil we underline the indifferent character of the pedogenesis towards the litological level, meaning any kind of compatible rock which has reached the surface and under the action of external factors will become engaged in the solification process, in exchange the resulted soil remains dependent on the parental rock through the composition of the neominerals resulted and through the fact that if we refer to rocks, the simplest grouping splits the rocks in: primary rocks (not altered) and secondary rocks (altered). Another general grouping, with a tectonically vision separates the geological formations and rocks too in autochthones (those that did not move from the forging place) and alohtones, classification that can be applied to soil too.
The autochthon soils, meaning those soils that did not suffer dislocations, transportation or any kind of movement from the initial forming place; in other words, from the geological point of view these are eluvisoils or real autochthon soils. Here we also have soils which have suffered a dislocation from the initial forging place, together with the parental litical support, but the soil did not suffer other transformations. These are the paraautochthones soils, the inserted surfaces (tens of hectares), the paraautochthones soils on the right slope of the Mures river (the Iernut-Ogra area), or on the right slope of the Luna de Jos Valley.
The alohtone soils include the soil category in which the soil, the whole soil profile has suffered a movement from the forging place, on the surface of the rock below (parental) which did not solificate. The most frequent mechanism is represented by the slipping of the soil on the slopes with a high relief energy, in a regime of abundant rain when a water derange area is created on the interface rock-soil.


A generalized fully spectral weighted residual method (GWRM) for solution of initial value partial differential equations is presented. For all temporal, spatial and physical parameter domains, the ...


This exam report contains studies about how the weather affects the construction site from a planning and productivity perspective. In 1960's the contractors started to build during the winter, sin ...


Taking a historical epistemological perspective, this chapter explores how neurology and neuropsychiatry were constructed. As a medical specialism developing in the 19th century, neurology resulted from the convergence of: (1) the term 'neurology'; (2) a set of concepts; and (3) a list of disorders. Such a convergence was facilitated by changes in the manner in which the concepts of neuroses, central nervous system, and lesion were to be defined after 1860. Neuropsychiatry carries a less stable epistemology. Underpinned by the foundational claim that mental diseases are diseases of the brain, its meaning has changed pari passu with redefinitions of the concepts such as mind, mental symptom, cause, and meaning. In the UK, there is no agreed definition of neuropsychiatry either and hence what is currently known as 'organic/biological psychiatry' and the claim that psychiatry is just a subregion of neurology cannot be considered as coterminous.


Forty-five epileptic children (22 girls), 10 months-19 years old, treated with zonisamide alone in two daily doses, were studied. Serum from 45 patients, saliva from 6 patients and cerebrospinal fluid from 2 patients were used. For determining the free fraction level, serum was incubated for 30 minutes at 37"C, and subjected to ultrafiltration using MPS3 (Amicon, CENTRIFRI) while maintaining the temperature in the centrifugation tube at 37°C. The sample obtained was subjected to HPLC. Mixed saliva obtained by spontaneous salivation was used. Although the cerebrospinal fluid was taken from 2 patients who were suspected to have CNS infections, both exhibited negative results with regard to the CNS infections.


Recently, wireless communications technologies have invaded several daily life fields such as Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs). VANET networks are characterized by their high mobility. Clustering seems to be as one of the control schemes used to make this global topology less dynamic. In this sight, our paper introduces a clustering mechanism based for connectivity maintenance in VANET AODV-CV. A formal model using time Petri net as a mathematical tool is presented to prove some protocol's properties.


Objective:  To analyze the differences of social determinant factors among elderly according to gender, in urban and rural areas in Indonesia. Indonesia is one of the most populated countries in the world,  faces an increased number of elderly. This situation leads to the increase of degenerative diseases and demands of caregivers as well. The identification of social determinant factors of elderly has an important role in enhancing primary health care. Methods:  A comparative study was carried out in 33 provinces in Indonesia using secondary data from Statistics Indonesia 2013. The variables included in this study were percentage of elderly according to  education, marital status, occupation, income and living arrangements, divided in gender, urban and rural areas.  The normally distributed data were analyzed using unpaired T test and not normally distributed data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney test. Results:  This study showed that there were differences in education, occupation and income between urban and rural areas. In urban area, most of the elderly worked in industry and trade and in rural area they worked in agricultural, indicated huge risks of occupational haxards.  Most of them were poor, still married, lived with spouses and family of three generations. Conclusions:  It can be concluded that there were differences of social determinant factors (education, occupation and income) in elderly who live in urban and rural areas that can contribute to the risks of disease in elderly and these situations must be considered as an input  to enhance the primary health care. Keywords:  Elderly, gender, rural, social determinants, urban


The present work deals with the effect of the magnetic field on the performance of spark ignition engine. The engine performance was observed by examining the fuel consumption and brake specific fuel consumption for different values of octane number (68, 75, 83 and 85), to find out what sample of octane number is affected by a magnetic field significantly more than the others. The experimental results showed that the fuel of octane number 75 exhibited a reduction in fuel consumption (L/h) up to (11.73%) and (21.48%), and brake specific fuel consumption (Bsfc) up to (11.11%) and (19.9 %), for one and two magnets respectively. Fuel of octane number 83 showed a reduction in fuel consumption (L/h) up to (0.907%) and (2.13%), and for brake specific fuel consumption (Bsfc) up to (0.96%) and (1.83%), for one and two magnets, respectively. For fuel of octane number 85, the reduction in fuel consumption (L/h) was (0.322%), and for brake specific fuel consumption (Bsfc) was (0.47%), for two magnets only.


Abstract Thematic analysis of personal networks involves identifying regularities in network structure and content, and grouping networks into types/clusters, to allow for a holistic understanding of social complexities. We propose an inductive approach to network thematic analysis, applying the learnings from qualitative coding, fused mixed-methods analysis, and typology development. It involves framing (changing focus by magnifying, aggregating, and graphical configuration), pattern detection (identification of underlying dimensions, sorting, and clustering), labeling, and triangulating (confirmation and fine-tuning using quantitative and qualitative approaches); applied repeatedly and emergently. We describe this approach utilized in two cases of studying support networks of caregivers.


Medicinal plants have played an important role in prevention and control of diseases. The abundance of plants on the earth's surfaces has led to an increasing interest in the investigation of different extracts obtained from traditional plant as potential sources of new antimicrobial agents. This study was carried out to determine the antibacterial effect of the crude extract of Chromolaena odorata leaves on some wound isolates (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella species). The result shows that the crude extract of Chromolaena odorata leaves was effective on the isolated bacteria, however the control drug Ciprofloxacin had greater inhibition on the tested organism than the plant extracts. The zone of inhibition of crude extract of Chromolaena odorata leaves on S. aureus ranged from 7mm 18mm, Klebsiella species ranged from 6mm 17mm, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 5mm -15mm and Escherichia coli 5mm-13mm while the control drug (ciprofloxacin) ranged from16mm-20mm. The minimum inhibitory concentration ranged from (25.0% to 50.0%).This research work establishes a good support to the use of this plant in herbal remedies and as base for development of new drugs against wound isolates.


Abstract:This article analyses the auditive dimension in Emiliano Monge's Among the Lost (2018). I argue that the sounds are connected to different forms of violence, and that their use in the novel destabilizes the rigidity of power relations between victims and perpetrators. The representation of sounds and silence concretizes the violence towards the victims and reveals the transient nature of categories and positions within the structure of violence and power. The difference in power is symbolized by the difference in speech volume and access to environmental sounds between criminals and migrants, an allusion to the systemic violence of Monge's border zone. Volume and intensity also refer to concrete subjective violence towards the kidnapped migrants, who are both physically and mentally tortured. The sounds and their connotations illustrate that the violent superstructure is independent of the individuals committing crimes, because they turn out to be disposable pawns, parts of a criminal system that transcends the individual.


Abstract An efficient and facile synthesis of 3-(5-aryl-1,3-dimethyl-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazol-4-yl)indolin-2-one and 3-(2,5-diaryl-3-oxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[2,3-c]pyrazol-4-yl)indolin-2-one derivatives is reported from the selective cyclization reaction of 3-(2-aryl-2-oxoethylidene)indolin-2-one and 1,3-dimethylurea or 5-amino-2-phenyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one under Brønsted acid conditions. Although there are two carbonyl groups in the substrate, the carbonyl group out of isatin is specially chosen for the cyclization reaction to give the target products. The reported products are new five-membered heterocyclic compounds and the results also show that p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (PTSA·H2O) is an effective catalyst for this synthesis. Therefore, the advantages of this approach are excellent yields, short reaction times, operational simplicity, and good regioselectivity.


The editors introduce the feature issue on "Nonlinear Optics 2015," which is based on the topics presented at the NLO 2015 conference held in Kauai, Hawaii, from July 26-31, 2015. This feature issue is jointly published by Optics Express and Optical Materials Express.


Digital human motion synthesis is a vibrant research field with applications in movies, AR/VR, and video games. Whereas methods were proposed to generate natural and realistic human motions, most only focus on modeling humans and largely ignore object movements. Generating task-oriented human-object interaction motions in simulation is challenging. For different intents of using the objects, humans conduct various motions, which requires the human first to approach the objects and then make them move consistently with the human instead of staying still. Also, to deploy in downstream applications, the synthesized motions are desired to be flexible in length, providing options to personalize the predicted motions for various purposes. To this end, we propose TOHO: Task-Oriented Human-Object Interactions Generation with Implicit Neural Representations, which generates full human-object interaction motions to conduct specific tasks, given only the task type, the object, and a starting human status. TOHO generates human-object motions in three steps: 1) it first estimates the keyframe poses of conducting a task given the task type and object information; 2) then, it infills the keyframes and generates continuous motions; 3) finally, it applies a compact closed-form object motion estimation to generate the object motion. Our method generates continuous motions that are parameterized only by the temporal coordinate, which allows for upsampling or downsampling of the sequence to arbitrary frames and adjusting the motion speeds by designing the temporal coordinate vector. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, both qualitatively and quantitatively. This work takes a step further toward general human-scene interaction simulation.


The brand mobile telephone modeling of 3 famous brands,Sony Ericsson,Nokia,and Samsung was studied based on Kansei engineering,user's image,and the expression of the designer.The designers and the users were investigated,and the vision elements influencing the feeling images of the modeling of different brand mobile telephone were selected.The modeling feature of the visual elements of different brand mobile telephone were studied and summarized.


Abstract-We propose a mathematical model for the combustion of porous deformable condensed materials, which we use to describe the deformation of the high temperature products, induced by the pressure difference of the gas outside and inside the sample, in the absence of any external forces. The deformation occurs as a result of pore compaction (expansion), resulting in a more (less) dense product material. To describe the evolution of porosity we derive an equation which allows us to define a characteristic time ofdeformation fJ. If td is sufficiently smaller than the characteristic time of combustion t, the deformation process is sufficiently fast to compensate for pressure gradients. so that pressure is equalized almost instantaneously, and filtration is suppressed. If td > tr deformation occurs solely in the product, and does not affect the propagation velocity. We determine various characteristics of a uniformly propagating combustion wave, and the materials produced by it, such as the propagation ve...


This thesis looks back upon the reform and development of Singapore English education and its characteristics as well. Then it gives a brief account of the English education in China nowadays. By the comparison, some enlightenment on China's English education is drawn out from it.


Let $W$ be a nonnegative random variable with expectation $1$. For all $r \geqslant 2$, we consider the total mass $Z_r^\infty$ of the associated Mandelbrot multiplicative cascade in the $r$-ary tree. For all $n \geqslant 1$, we also consider the total mass $Z_r^n$ of the measure at height $n$ in the $r$-ary tree. Liu, Rio, Rouault \cite{lrr,liu2000limit,Rouault04} established large deviation results for $(Z_r^n)_{r \geqslant 2}$ for all $n \in [[1,\infty[[$ (resp., for $n = \infty$) in case $W$ has an everywhere finite cumulant generating function $\Lambda_W$ (resp., $W$ is bounded). Here, we extend these results to the case where $\Lambda_W$ is only finite on a neighborhood of zero. And we establish all deviation results (moderate, large, and very large deviations). It is noticeable that we obtain nonconvex rate functions. Moreover, our proof of upper bounds of deviations for $(Z_r^\infty)_{r \geqslant 2}$ rely on the moment bound instead of the standard Chernoff bound.


Heavy vehicular traffic and aggressive environmental conditions can cause unexpected bridge deterioration, thus, periodic inspections to identify and assess possible defects are required. One indicator is the amount of vertical deflection that occurs during loading. Some different types of transducers can be used to measure the deflection. One of them is the photogrammetry. It is a typical noncontact measurement method. Unfortunately, it is difficult to calibrate this type of instruments. The key point is the evaluation of the dynamic deflection measurement capability. A dynamic calibration system of bridge photogrammetric measurement system was composed of the motorized linear stage, LED target and computer. The Fréchet distance was used as a model to evaluate the dynamic deflection measurement capability of bridge deflection photogrammetry. The photogrammetric bridge deflection measuring instruments are products of BIOET, which are used to carry out the measurement experiment. The results show that this system can calibrate the dynamic deflection measurement error of photogrammetric bridge deflection measuring instruments. Fréchet distance can reflect the relationship between the curves. This evaluation method is more accurate than the current evaluation method based on the error of indication of maximum dynamic deflection.


Aquatic hyphomycetes are conidial fungi, whose sexual phases is in the Ascomycota or Basidiomycota phyla. We surveyed Cladosporium spp. associated with submerged leaf litter, from three localities belonging to Atlantic Forest biome in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The species Cladosporium angulosum and Cladosporium anthropophilum are reported for the first time in Brazil, and a new species for the genus will be proposed. A multilocus DNA sequence typing approach employing ITS, Actin and Translation elongation 1-α factor region/genes, associated with morphological and cultural analysis, were used to identify these species.


From a biologist's perspective, social behavior includes any behavior that involves at least two actors. By this definition, social behavior can include aggregation in slime molds, the colony structure of the eusocial insects, or the coordinated efforts of humans across vast distances to successfully land on the moon. The diversity of this range of behavior shares one driving force: natural selection. While natural selection acts at the level of phenotype (e.g., morphology, metabolism, behavior) the ultimate unit of natural selection is the gene contained in DNA-the object of inheritance. The relationship between DNA and social behavior is uncovered in the field of sociogenomics, defined as the mechanistic study of genes, gene products, and gene × gene interaction networks supporting emergent social behaviors.


Oliver Wendell Holmes,founder of the legal realism in America,propounded an idea for the first time that "the life of the law has not been logic;it has been experience".Such "Experience" mentioned by Holmes is,adhering to the doctrine of precedent,the endowment of new meanings to precedent based on changes of social lives.This argument connected with the fact that traditional values were challenged and some progressive ideas occurred at that time in America.It's a pragmatism view of law proposed by Holmes,which has a great influence on legal realism of America.


Fe 3 C-functionalized three-dimensional (3D) porous nitrogen-doped graphite carbon composites (Fe 3 C/ NG) were synthesized via a facile solution-based impregnation and pyrolysis strategy using the commercially available melamine foam and FeCl 3 as precursors. The structural characterizations confirmed that Fe 3 C nanoparticles with an average core size about 122 nm were assembled on the surface of the carbonized melamine foam (CMF) skeletons. The electrochemical measurements demonstrated the superior electrocatalytic activity of the advanced Fe 3 C/NG composite for hydrogen peroxide reduction reaction in 0.1 mol/L PBS electrolyte and the limit of detection of H 2 O 2 is estimated to be 0.035 mmol/L at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 with a wide linear detection range from 50 l mol/L to 15 mmol/L ( R 2 = 0.999). Compared with the pure CMF, the Fe 3 C/NG exhibited higher catalytic activity, more stable response, lower detection limit, higher selectivity and a wider detection range, which could be attributed to the synergic effect between the two types of active sites from the iron carbide species and the nitrogen-doped graphite carbon. Meanwhile, the large surface area, high conductivity and the improved mass transport from the 3D porous material can also promote the electrochemical sensing performance. Moreover, the Fe 3 C/ NG-based electrochemical sensor showed high anti-inter-ference ability and stability for H 2 O 2 detection. Thus, the novel and low-cost Fe 3 C/NG composite may be a promising alternative to noble metals and offer potential applications in various types of electrochemical sensors, bioelectronic devices and catalysts.


The propagation of laser light in a thermally unstable plasma attributable to potential imbalances in the local heating and cooling rates caused by density or temperature perturbations is considered. The linear growth rates of laser filamentation and thermal instability are governed by a single fifth‐order dispersion relation. The behavior of different modes in various limits is discussed in detail and examples of potential applications to laser–target interactions are given.


We study the motion of test particles and electromagnetic waves in the Kerr–Newman–Taub–NUT spacetime in order to elucidate some of the effects associated with the gravitomagnetic monopole moment of the source. In particular, we determine in the linear approximation the contribution of this monopole to the gravitational time delay and the rotation of the plane of the polarization of electromagnetic waves. Moreover, we consider 'spherical' orbits of uncharged test particles in the Kerr–Taub–NUT spacetime and discuss the modification of the Wilkins orbits due to the presence of the gravitomagnetic monopole.


The Radiation Physics Center (RPC), as part of its commitment to the Advanced Technology Consortium, is developing an anthropomorphic quality assurance phantom for the purpose of reviewing IMRT treatment modalities at institutions participating in NCI cooperative clinical trials. This study investigates the use of an inhomogeneous anthropomorphic phantom for dose verification of IMRT delivery modalities (compensators, dynamic MLC and serial tomotherapy) used in conformal therapy of the prostate. Because the phantom must be mailable, if is lightweight and water-fillable. It is heterogeneous with two interchangeable inserts. The first insert, used to acquire CT data, contains an imageable target and imageable critical structures with densities similar to human tissue densities. This insert provides realistic geometries for dose constraints used in treatment planning. The second insert, used to acquire dosimetry data, contains precisely placed TLD and radiochromic film. This insert will measure target dose homogeneity to within 5% of the treatment plan calculated doses. It will measure field localization for high gradient regions to within 2 mm of the treatment plan. The phantom will be tested for reproducibility and for ease of use at remote locations. Treatments will be planned on the phantom CT data set. Treatment plans for different IMRT treatment techniques will be comparable in both clinical requirements and dose constraints. With a focus on "common" clinical errors, tests will be devised to investigate the capability of this QA system to identify the magnitudes and origins of certain dose and field localization errors.


Physical Education major is the important positions in training physical education teachers and social workers.The advantage of setting cheerleading course in college physical education major has superior to other colleges in the aspect of curriculum,professional setting,sports facility and venues,information resource and faculty research strength.


The formation of zeugma has been introduced in this paper. And by some examples, some skills has been shown that should be mastered in the course of translating such sentences.


1 General Remarks about Robot and Manipulator Dynamics.- 1.1. Introduction.- 1.2. Classification of active mechanisms in robotics and some of their specifications.- 1.3. Previous results.- References.- 2 Computer-Aided Methods for Setting and Solving Mathematical Models of Active Mechanisms in Robotics.- 2.1. Introduction.- 2.2. The basic ideas of computer-aided formation and solution of a mathematical model.- Methods Based on General Theorems of Dynamics and Newton-Euler Equations.- 2.3. The method of general theorems.- 2.4. Method of block matrices.- 2.5. The method of the Newton-Euler equations.- 2.6. The method of Euler's angles.- Methods Based on the Lagrange Equations.- 2.7. Method of Lagrange's equations.- Methods Based On The Gauss' Principle And Appel's Equations.- 2.8. Method of Gauss' principle.- 2.9. The method of Appel's equations.- 2.10. Some problems of closed chain dynamics.- References.- 3 Simulation of Manipulator Dynamics and Adjusting to Functional Movements.- 3.1. Basic ideas.- 3.2. The general simulation algorithm.- 3.3. Classes of functional tasks and adjustment blocks.- 3.4. Elaboration of the different adjustment blocks.- 3.5. Calculation of other dynamical characteristics and values.- 3.6. Examples.- 3.7. Synthesis of nominal dynamics of manipulation movements.- 3.8. The complete dynamical model.- 3.9. Mathematical models of the actuator systems.- 3.10. Simulation algorithm for the synthesis of nominal dynamics.- 3.11. Example of the synthesis.- 3.12. Influence of actuator models complexity.- 3.13. One method for the optimal synthesis of functional movements.- References.- 4 Dynamics of Manipulators with Elastic Segments.- 4.1. Introduction.- 4.2. Basic ideas and postulates.- 4.3. Nominal dynamical characteristics.- 4.4. Deriving the model of elastic oscillations.- 4.5. Influence coefficients.- 4.6. Results of the method and their application.- 4.7. Example.- References.- 5 Dynamical Method for the Evaluation and Choice of Industrial Manipulators.- 5.1. Introduction.- 5.2. Defining the dynamical criteria.- 5.3. Definition of limitations.- 5.4. Examples.- References.


The complex of methods, models, algorithms and software of accuracy increase of unsteady nature data control on the basis of use of statistical and dynamic data properties has been investigated and developed; the areas of their efficiency and limiting probabilities have been investigated; the algorithms of information control in operation of remote system data processing, as well as in the systems of images processing of micro objects have been practically realized. Calculation techniques of statistical parameters of the controlled information have been developed. The estimations of root-mean-square errors of information control for a wide class of data control algorithms on borders of the permitted values, on increments have been received. Principles and rules of the adaptive data control of unsteady process have been developed by regulation of control borders, regulation of borders arrangement level, change of parameters of statistical prediction models, the choice of optimum models on increments characteristics, the choice of the best models and algorithms of a neural network which allows to reduce information errors considerably at discovered errors correction. The general and individual decisions of problems giving estimations of efficiency area and limiting probabilities of developed algorithms have been received.


Although microwave magnetic envelope (MME) solitons in thin yttrium iron garnet (YIG) films have been studied extensively, only recently have dark MME solitons been observed. For a single dark soliton, one has a carrier phase change of 180°. Reference 1 indicated such a change. However, the overall phase change for a given dark pulse experiment should be 0°. The objective of this work was to examine phase profiles in detail for the dark soliton experiment. The results show that both of the above expectations are, in fact, satisfied. The 5 GHz measurements were done with a magnetostatic wave delay line structure with a long and narrow 7.2 μm thick single crystal YIG film oriented in the surface wave configuration. A GaAs microwave switch produced 300 ns long bright pulses separated by a dark pulse with a width in the 15 ns range. The input power was 0.002–1.0 W. The output signal showed two main dark pulse features, independent of power level. At low powers, the changes in phase across both features were s...


The 27 polities which make up the current European Union are supposed to be based on the "will to live together" which needs as a basic cultural prerequisite the fact that all citizens share a common language, a koine. Today, the relationship between language and politics is quite more complex because of the territorial size, the linguistic heterogeneity and the nation-state building historical components of the states, without forgetting such trends as massive migration processes, globalization and the impact of new technologies. The imposition of a common language can be considered as a necessary but not sufficient condition for the good working of a polity, whatever its degree of democracy, but a true linguistic democracy must avoid two pitfalls : the rejection of other languages ("regional or minority languages"? and the reification of the official or state language considered as the only language of democracy or the only democratic language. Each of the European states has to deal in the same time with infra and supra-national demands and pressures : regionalization from below and European integration and globalization from above, without forgetting interstates relation with, for example, the issue of "national minorities? in, but non only, eastern Europe : the issue of language and politics is relevant for all these levels.


We consider all-terminal reliability, one of the more popular models in the field of network reliability. A graph with n nodes and e edges, where the nodes are perfectly reliable and the edges survive independently with equal probability p, is said to be a uniformly optimally reliable graph if it has for all values of p (0 ≤ p ≤ 1) an equal or higher reliability among all graphs with the same number of nodes and edges. Boesch et al. [4] verified the existence of uniformly optimally reliable graphs for e = n − 1, e = n, e = n + 1, and e = n + 2; he has also given a conjecture for e = n + 3. Wang [8] proved this conjecture. In this article, we present four new infinite families of graphs that we conjecture to be uniformly optimal.


Abstract This study examines socio-cognitive motivators of information-sharing behaviors during the 2018 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak in South Korea. During the outbreak, an online survey was fielded to 988 South Korean adult members of an online research panel. The survey included questions about MERS-CoV-related risk perceptions, and attitudes and beliefs about risk information behaviors during the outbreak. The concepts and relationships sought through those questions were informed by the risk information seeking and processing model and related works. Data analysis suggests that sharing risk information about MERS-CoV was heavily shaped by risk information seeking (such that more seeking led to more sharing) and somewhat shaped by perceived pressure from others to share risk information. Interestingly, perceived level of knowledge and perceived level of risk were not significantly related to sharing. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.


Introduction: Chondrites are considered the most primitive meteorites in the solar system and have this denomination because of the chondrules in their matrix. These rocks are collected and classified annually, this being an important factor because, from the different properties found among the chondrites, it is possible to know the environment in which they were formed. The main objective of this work is to show an alternative means of classifying chondrites, such as their effectiveness through the evaluation of the contents of Fayalite (Fa) in the olivine present in Allende and the determination of the range of Fe existing in the meteorite [1] using the Raman spectroscopy technique. Methodology: A fragment of the Allende Meteorite was used as sample. It was provided by Dr. Maria Elizabeth Zucolotto, had already been duly classified and came from the collection of the National Museum of Rio de Janeiro. The Raman spectra were obtained using Confocal SENTERRA BRUKER from the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF). The Instrument is equipped with a thermoelectrically cooled CCD (ANDOR DU420-OE) with a spectral resolution of ~ 4 cm-1 in the range 100–4000 cm-1 (50 x 1000 micrometer gap) and continuous automatic calibration (theoretical accuracy 0.1 cm-1). The analyzes were performed with a 100X objective in the Raman microscope and a standardized 632.8 nm laser with Si chip at 5 mW was used for excitation. Results: The typical Raman spectrum of olivine exhibits two main peaks, here called Peak A, with Raman displacement in the range of 814-824 cm-1, and Peak B, in the range of 836-857 cm-1. The limits of these Raman displacement bands correspond to the final members of the Fayalite (Fa) and Forsterite (Fo) olivine. While the intermediate portions correspond to the percentage of molar Fa in the displacements of the peaks, having a linear correlation with the composition of olivine (figure 1) [2]. This correlation was made from the Raman displacement of Peak A and Peak B obtained from olivine grains considered as reference material, as representative of the entire Fa content range. The best fit curves, providing the correlation between the Fa content and the expected Raman displacement for Peak A and Peak B, as calculated by the reference material, are [3]:


Earlier studies of loneliness have obtained quite confusing results about gender differences. This might be due to the fact that many earlier studies have used very limited and special samples. In the present study of 2795 representative Swedes, 15-80 years of age, it is found that there certainly is a gender difference in loneliness, but that this difference is restricted to married individuals between 20 and 49 years of age. Several possible explanations of this observation are tested, among them the assumption that women more willingly acknowledge their loneliness. This explanation is refuted by the fact that the gender difference in loneliness was not general but was restricted to a certain group of married respondents. Other hypotheses of the causes of the observed gender differences in loneliness are related to assumptions of women having higher expectations for intimacy in a relationship and women having lower self-esteem. Even if gender differences are shown to exist in these respects, they do not explain the observed gender differences in loneliness, neither do differences in the social networks of men and women. The results of the study cannot rule out the remaining explanation, that the observed gender differences in loneliness are due not to social-psychological factors, but to a more basic difference in which men and women react to the stresses and strains in a relationship.


In this paper, some distances between KD45n Kripke models are introduced and investigated. We define several distances between Kripke models, based on different criteria, inspired by various concepts such as bisimulation and propositional distances between valuations for different modal degrees. We study the properties of these distances. Such distances are useful for defining belief change operators in multi-agent scenarios. We show that they can be used to define belief revision operators based on the standard AGM framework and suited to KD45n Kripke models.


Owing to the two-way electro-mechanical coupling characteristics, piezoelectric transducers have been widely used as sensors and actuators in sensing and control applications. In this research, we explore the integration of piezoelectric transducer with the structure, in which the transducer is connected with a Wheatstone bridge based circuitry subjected to chaotic excitation. It is shown that a type of Wheatstone bridge circuit with proper parameters configuration can increase sensitivity in detecting structural anomaly. Such integration has the potential to significantly amplify the response change when the underlying structure is subject to property change. Comprehensive analytical and experimental studies are carried out to demonstrate the concept and validate the performance improvement.


Deputy Assistant of Human Resources Development Apparatus of the Ministry of Tourism Jakarta is a government agency engaged in the development of personnel of the apparatus. Employees are very important resources to determine the success of a work unit. Efforts to improve the quality of performance of a civil servant is the selection of the best employees. The best employee selection is an award given for work performance, behavior and service. Decision Support System (SPK) that can help make it easier to determine an employee can be said to be worthy of being awarded as the best employee. In this study the decision-making calculation method used is Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) with 6 criteria, namely service orientation, integrity, commitment, discipline, cooperation, leadership. The ranking process is carried out through several stages starting with the grading of criteria, weighting, matching ranking, normalization, and ranking so as to produce the value of each criterion which is stated to have met the best employee selection criteria at the Deputy Assistant of HR Development of the Ministry of Tourism in Jakarta.


In this paper the formulation developed by Bierwirth et al. [1] is extended to include bi -axial anisotropic dielectrics with arbitrarily varying index of refraction profile. The finitedifference method is used for the numerical solution of the wave equation written in terms of the transverse components of the magnetic field. As a result, a conventional eigenvalue problem is obtained without the presence of the spurious modes, due to the implicit inclusion of the divergence of the magnetic field equal to zero. THEORY Biaxial anisotropic dielectrics are considered and oriented such that the optical axes are positioned along the coordinate system axes as shown in Fig. 1. With this choice, the permittivity tensor is diagonal, with components E (x,y), e (x,y) and y e (x,y)_ The magnetic permeability is assumed equal to that of free space. The fields are assumed to have a harmonic time dependence, exp(jwt), and propagating along the z direction with a dependence exp( -' z), where w is the angular frequency and ' is the propagation constant. The vector wave equation describing the propagation along the waveguide may be written in terms of the transverse magnetic field components, H and H [1], [2], resulting in two equations. With the application of these equations in the regions, (1), (2), (3) and (4) of the graded mesh of the five -point representation (Fig. 2), eight equations are obtained. These equations are associated with those obtained from the boundary conditions at the interfaces of regions (1), (2), (3) and (4) of Fig. 2, resulting in equations for the transverse components of the magnetic field at the point P. The use of these equations at each point of the graded mesh of Fig. 1 will conduct to a conventional eigenvalue problem. With the elimination of spurious modes by the implicit inclusion of the condition that V.H = 0 [1], [21. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The propagation characteristics of rectangular isotropic dielectric waveguides, with an index of refraction profile varying in a Gaussian -Gaussian form, were examined using a rigorous finite -difference method formulation. Figs. 3, 4 and 5 show the dispersion characteristics of the Ex and Ey modes. In P9 P9 Fig. 3 the waveguide is inside an isotropic dielectric, while, in Figs. 4 and 5, both, the waveguide and surrounding materials, are uniaxial anisotropic dielectrics. In Fig. 4 the optical axis is positioned along the y direction and, in Fig. 5, it is along the x direction. In Fig. 3, the Ey , Ey and Ey modes were omitted, in order 21 12 31 to avoid the figure to be overcrowded. However, these modes have equal behavior as the corresponding ones shown in Fig. 5. A comparison of the results in Figs. 3, 4 and 5 indicates that the orientation of the optical axis of the material is a determinant factor in the dispersion characteristics of the waveguides examined. This work was supported by the following Brazilian agencies: CAPES, FINEP and TELEBRAS. . RE IS I I THE IF ET rl s o i s Silva Souz Sobri ral i rsity f ra ( a), t, f l tr. En r. 50 elem, , r il ttili Jos6 Giar l t t i r it of Campinas (U I P), Scho l of l tr. r. 081 a pinas, , r il ST T In t is r t f r lati eloped Bier irt t aL is t t i l i-a i l i tr i i l tri s it r itr ril r i i ti r file. T finiteiff r meth is sed r th nume i l s l tion the wave e ation ritte i ter of the transvers co nents of t e netic field. s a r s lt, a ti l i l problem is obtained without the presence of the s urious modes, due to t e i li it i l sion f t div r nce f t mag ti fi l l t zer . THEORY i i l is tr i i l tri s are c si ere i t t t t ti l a es r positi d al th c ordi t syst a s as shown in ig. 1. ith this i , t r itti it tensor is diagonal, with components e ( , ), ( , ) x y ( , ) T magneti permeability is a sume equal to at fre space. The fiel r as ed t h a harmoni time depend , exp(j t), a prop ti g l t z ir tion it a depende expl-y z), r i t a lar fr uency and y i 2 Z t e pro a ati c sta t. he t r wa e equati descri i the propagati alon t wa ide y ritten i ter s f t e transverse ma ti field components, H and H [1], [2], x y r s lti i t o e ti . With the ap lication of these equations in the i , ( ), ( ), ( ) ( ) t e gr ed sh th -point repres t i t e tions obt i . T eq ti ns ass i ted it thos obtain fro t bo ary conditions at t e int of r i (1), ( ), ( f Fi . , r s lti i equations for the transverse co ponents of the magnetic field t int . e o these uations at each point of the graded mesh of Fig. duct t a conventio l eigenvalue pr l . Wit t e eli i ti n of spurious modes t i li it incl i f th conditi that V. [1], [ ]. RES LTS CONCL SI e r a ati r t risti s f r t l r i tr i i l t i i , it i f r fr ti r fil r i i i i ined si g a ri r s finiteiff r method formulati . an 5 show the disper c teristics of E and Ey es. I pq pq i . t i i i i i tr i i l tri , il , i i . , t , t i and surrounding materials, are uniaxi l anisotr pic i l t i . In ig. t ti l is is sitioned along the directi and, i i . , it i ng e x directio Fig. Ey , Ey des e o itt ord t a i the fi r to r rowded. However, these modes have qual avior s t corr s ing s s n i Fig. . c arison of the r lts i Fi . 3, an 5 i icates t t t orientati of the optical axis of the material is a deter i t f t r i the dispersion characteristics of the waveguides examin . his rk as sup rted b t f ll ing Brazili i s: PES, EP a TELE S. 17th International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves, edited by Richard J. Temkin, Proc. of SPIE Vol. 1929, 19296S · © (1992) 2017 SPIE · CCC code: 0277-786X/17/$18 · doi: 10.1117/12.2298361 Proc. of SPIE Vol. 1929 19296S-1


Alpha-decay widths of SU/sub 3/, deformed oscillator and cluster model wave functions are calculated quantitatively for the ground band levels of /sup 8/ Be and the first K = 0- band levels of /sup 20/Ne. Tails of the reduced width amplitudes of these model wave functions are amended by two methods, of which one is to connect smoothly the inner original reduced width amplitude with the resonance tail given by the release energy of alpha particle, and the other is to apply the Green's-function method developed by Kawai and Yazaki for the calculation of the radial form factor for the stripping or pick up reactions. From comparisons of the calculated results with experiments It is concluded that the SU/sub 3/ model is insufficient to reproduce large alpha -decay widths. It is further shown that the deformed oscillator model is also considered to be inappropriate for the general explanation of the (rotational) levels with large cluster widths. From these consequences on SU/sub 3/ and deformed oscillator models and by the numerical confirmation that the cluster model wave functions can naturally reproduce the experiments consistently With the variational energy calculations, the importance of the molecular viewpoint in light nuclei is emphasized. (auth)


Statistical analysis in the Tor network can be performed using various kinds of data. In this report we give an overview of three major data sources for statistics in the Tor network: First, we recap measuring the Tor network from public directory information [4] in Section 2 and explain the sanitzation process of (non-public) bridge directory information in Section 3. Second, we describe the numerous aggregate statistics that relays publish about their usage [5] in Sections 4 to 8. Third, we delineate the output of various Tor services like BridgeDB, GetTor, or Tor Check as well as specific measurement tools like Torperf in Sections 11 to 14. All data described in this report are available for download on the metrics website.1


On the basis of previous studies,the authors analyzed the stability of the Tashan loess landslide at Chengguan Township, Qianyang County,Baoji City by using the finite element method.The safety factors in different parts of the sliding mass and sliding zone were calculated separately by the finite element 3D stability analysis.The results indicate that the Tashan loess landslide is in a ba- sically stable state and that the stability coefficients in different parts of the sliding mass are in the main consistent with the present de- formation features of the sliding mass investigated in the field.This conclusion indicates that this method of evaluation and analysis is somewhat feasible and generally applicable to 3D stability analysis of landslides in loess areas.


This summary conceals some of the complexity—for example, the limit is of a net, not a sequence—but it displays what we wish to emphasize: The integral is formed by combining the values f(τi) in a very direct fashion. The values of f are used less directly in Lebesgue's integral (1902), which can be described as limn→∞ ∫ b a gn(t)dt. The approximating functions gn must be chosen carefully, using deep, abstract notions of measure theory. Simpler definitions are possible—for example, functional analysts might consider the metric completion of C[0, 1] using the L1 norm—but such a definition does not give us easy access to the Lebesgue integral's simple and powerful properties such as the Monotone Convergence Theorem. We generally think in terms of those simple properties, rather than the various complicated definitions, when we actually use the Lebesgue integral. The KH integral (also known as the gauge integral, the generalized Riemann integral, etc.) was discovered or invented independently by Kurzweil and Henstock in the 1950's; it has attracted growing interest in recent years. It offers the best of both worlds: a powerful integral with a simple definition. In fact, its definition is nearly identical to that of the Riemann integral, as we now show. For any tagged partition


In the business entities run by MSMEs (Micro Small Medium Enterprises), fulfilling the needs of consumers is a key that must be fulfilled. Business development by MSMEs in Pulo Gadung is relatively good, so it will be even better if MSME licensing management can be carried out thoroughly. The population of this study has not known yet with certainty because there are several MSMEs that are less affordable by researchers and in determining the sample, namely through the Lemeshow formula, it is determined that the minimum sample size is 96 respondents. The research implemented a quantitative approach, with data collection techniques using questionnaires, and using a simple regression correlation coefficient. The effect of service quality (X) on business actor satisfaction (Y), based on the results of the T-test in this study, the test results show that the independent variable, namely service quality, has a positive and significant influence on satisfaction. Thus, it can be stated that the service quality hypothesis has a significant influence on business actor satisfaction. Moreover, t-test indicates that the quality of service has a positive and significant influence on the satisfaction of business actors. The results of this study indicate that service quality has a significant effect on the satisfaction of MSME business actors.


One of the primary difficulties in obtaining high landing accuracies with guided airdrop systems is the lack of effective longitudinal control. Except near canopy stall, symmetric brake deflection causes a change in flight speed with limited change in glide slope angle. Previous efforts have experimentally demonstrated direct control of glide slope by dynamically varying canopy incidence in flight. The current work explores the performance implications of incorporating this type of glide slope control into an autonomous guided airdrop system. Basic glide slope performance of the control mechanism is investigated with a six degree of freedom parafoil and payload simulation incorporating realistic wind and sensor models. It is shown that a simple PID control approach using the incidence angle to maintain an intercept path with the target can be very effective in light winds, providing a factor of three improvement in landing accuracy over current systems with no means of glide slope control. In strong winds, a more advanced controller utilizing incidence angle and symmetric brake to simultaneously control airspeed and glide slope is required to utilize the full benefit of the glide slope control mechanism. I. Introduction irdrop systems provide a unique capability of delivering large payloads to undeveloped and inaccessible locations. Traditionally, these systems have been unguided and, consequently, either a large landing zone is required or a high probability of losing individual payloads must be accepted. Beginning in the 1990's, autonomous guided airdrop systems based on steerable, ram-air parafoils were developed with the goal of improving the precision and accuracy of air-dropped payload delivery. In practice, the gliding ability of the ram-air canopies can actually create major problems for airdrop systems by making them more susceptible to winds and allowing them to achieve far greater miss distances than were previously possible. Parafoil control mechanisms have not changed since the invention of the ram-air canopy in the 1960's. The trailing edge of the canopy is deflected downward asymmetrically to turn and symmetrically to change speed or to flare while landing. Symmetric deflection of the trailing edge brakes produces an increase in both lift and drag; this provides a reduction in speed but little change in glide angle until stall. An alternative control mechanism is to change the rigging incidence angle in flight. By varying the length of the forward risers in concert with the brakes, the canopy can be rotated longitudinally to control the trim angle of attack directly in flight. The ability to change glide slope in flight in this manner was demonstrated on an airdrop system by Slegers, Beyer, and Costello [1]. Recent flight tests have extended this work by studying the influence of canopy aspect ratio on the effectiveness of glide slope control, the relationship between incidence angle control and symmetric brake deflection, and the transient response to rapid changes in incidence angle [2]. The current work seeks to use this body of flight test knowledge to develop autonomous glide slope control algorithms and explore the impact of glide slope control on landing accuracy in simulation. To this end, a six degree of freedom model was created to match the latest available flight test data using the methods described in Ref [3]. The simulation environment incorporates three dimensional, time varying wind fields generated using the Dryden turbulence spectrum. The simulation uses sensor error models to generate synthetic GPS and altimeter data for the guidance, navigation, and control (GNC) algorithm. The goals of the simulations are (1) to study the dynamics of the glide slope control mechanism and the coupling of the incidence angle control to the rest of the flight dynamics and (2) to generate a robust method for autonomous parafoil GNC incorporating glide slope control. 1


The current study aimed to  determine the fertility parameters among BPH patients before and after 3 months of taking 5-α reductase (finasteride) by seminal fluid analysis method, 60 patients and 30 healthy individuals as control group from Amara city ,were involved in this study, their ages were between (40-59)year old. They all subjected  to direct seminal fluid analysis before and after 3 months of treatment by 5α-reductase(finasteride)(the healthy individuals didn't take finasteride).The results showed that there is significant decreasing in volume (P˂0.05) in post-treatment group compared to pre-treatment and control group ,while the concentration of semen (count and total count) found to non-significantly decrease in post-treatment  compared with pre-treatment and decreases significantly (P˂0.05) in comparison to control control group. On other hand, the Motility (high, moderate) observed to non significantly decreased in post-treatment  group compared to pre-treatment group ,but significantly decreased (p<0.05)  compared to control group, The Morphology (normal and abnormal ) found to non significantly differences between pre-treatment group and post-treatment group, but that were significantly differences in control group compared to pre-treatment and post-treatment group. Concluded that BPH affects on fertility parameters. Keywords: BPH. fertility. semen, finasteride .


Dowell Division of The Dow Chemical Co. has well over 100 gas turbine powered fracturing rigs in operation all over the world. Operation of a gas turbine pump unit in an oil or gas well fracturing operation is rugged duty for this type of engine. The fleet-wide average turbine-powered pumping time on a stimulation treatment is roughly 1-1/2 hr. Many of these are staged jobs; that is treatments requiring a period of full throttle operation, followed by a shutdown of 15 to 45 min, followed by a startup and full throttle operation. The average is 3 starts per hour's operation. The average engine operating time is approx. 400 hr per yr. Use of gas turbines as prime movers in stimulation equipment has proven to be a sound design. Dowell's interest in the use of gas turbine prime movers is not limited to stimulation units, but also extends to other services. Gas turbine engines in the 500 to 600 bhp class are in demand at the present time for both offshore installations and as vehicular prime movers in cementing and acidizing units which generally use the chassis engine for stationary service.


How holistically is human creativity defined, investigated, and understood? Until recently, most scientific research on creativity has focused on its positive side. However, creativity might not only be a desirable resource but also be a potential threat. In order to redefine creativity we need to analyze and understand definitions, collocations, and consequences of creativity. In this paper, we reviewed 42 explicit definitions and 120 collocations. The thematic analysis of our data reveals that the vast majority of creativity definitions do not emphasize the positive/negative aspects of the concept. Neither are the negative aspects of creativity emphasized in its numerous collocations. Thus, we propose a comprehensive definition of creativity and a three-dimensional analytical framework for investigating its consequences, positive and/or negative. Finally, we highlight the need to move to a new era of conscientious creativity, in which all humans are considered able and wise enough to create something ethical and constructive for everyone in society.


Literary texts can cater for many needs in the foreign language classroom. They provide pleasure, foster receptive and productive skills, support creative communication and enrich students' personal development. A broad defi nition of literature also comprises literature with a small l, e.g. pop songs, mini-sagas, clerihews, spoonerisms, haikus etc. Modern literature classrooms at the secondary level should make use of these short and often humorous formats. Working with English literature is meant to aim at all three domains of LCC (Literary Communicative Competence): knowledge, skills, and attitudes. This guide covers 33 methods and techniques which have been tried out in secondary classrooms successfully. They are grouped into the four major text genres (novels, plays, poems, shorties, i.e. short narrative forms). In addition, the fi rst chapter describes general methods, which can be employed with all genres; the last chapter encourages the use of modern media such as fi lm, music and the Internet. The description of the various methods follows a consistent structure: terminology – description – justifi cation – objectives – planning (level, time interactional patterns, materials) – process (different stages of a lesson in chronological order) – variations. Each presentation is rounded off with several copies which can be used as handouts or overhead transparencies. This book is written for practising teachers, university students and their lecturers – and everybody interested in making people want to read.


Streams control transfer protocol(SCTP) has become a new kind of transport layer protocol after the application of TCP and UDP.The protocol is a reliable and connection-oriented transmission protocol,which possesses the characteristics of multiple hosts,multiple streams,and so on.Just due to its excellent characteristics,SCTP is widely applied to the field of IP network for signaling transmission.According to SCTP,this paper presents a calculation model for the throughput,and uses the network simulation tools NS2 to do the simulation test,finally confirming that this model can effectively calculate the throughput of SCTP.


An axially symmetric galactic dynamic model is used, with a disc, a massive nucleus and halo components, in order to reproduce recently obtained observation data in disc galaxies. The model reproduces very well two basic physical quantities, i.e. the high-velocity rotation and the high surface mass density in the central regions of some galaxies such as the galaxy NGC 3079. Going a step further, we investigate the properties of orbits in the model, the behaviour of the velocities of the system and their connections with the value of the conserved L z component of the angular momentum. The regular or chaotic nature of motion is also studied. All the above studies are made in two different cases: firstly, when the model is time independent and, secondly, when the model evolves with time.


This talk will address the current trend of converging telecommunications and broadcasting in the broadband era. Detailed topics include: • Economic impact to the ICT industries, • National strategy of ICT in Japan, • Current situation of the broadband infrastructure in Japan, • New trend of ICT services in Japan, • New legal framework for the convergence of telecommunications an broadcasting, • Social issues of the broadband era.


General speaking, it is very difficult to detect the foreign objects in the shielded packaged food, especially while real-time inspection should be met. The setup of X-ray online imaging inspection system is developed.


In this study future climate impacts on water resources were assessed using the WaterGAP model. The model has been developed at the Center for Environmental Systems Research at Kassel University, Germany, in cooperation with the National Institute of Public Health and Environment of the Netherlands. The aim of the model is to provide a basis (i) to compare and assess current water resources and water use in different parts of the world, and (ii) to offer an integrated long-term perspective of the impacts of global change on the water sector. WaterGAP belongs to the class of environmental models which can be classified as 'integrated' because they seek to couple and thus integrate different disciplines within a single integrated framework. To estimate future climate impacts on water resources the driving conditions must be estimated. Recently, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change published a set of scenarios describing changes in global greenhouse gas emissions up to 2100 (IPCC-SRES). These scenarios have been used by climate research centers as input to their climate models to calculate the future state of the global climate system. One of the scenarios, the A2 scenario, assumes a future regionalized world which puts special emphasis on economic values; another, the B2 scenario, assumes a regionalized world with an accent on environmental goals. In this paper we highlight the first results of a global assessment of current and future water resources using these new IPCC-SRES scenarios.


We report a novel, yet simple, method for the preparation of high aspect ratio cylindrical microdomains oriented vertically on a substrate by using block copolymer micelles and temperature-programmed solvent vapor annealing. Multilayered spherical micelles were first prepared by spin-coating of polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) copolymer (PS-b-P4VP) in toluene solution on a silicon wafer. When temperature-programmed solvent vapor annealing was performed, the spherical micelle cores consisting of P4VP chains were transformed into vertically oriented cylindrical microdomains spanning the entire film thickness up to 550 nm corresponding to the aspect ratio of 15.2. Since nitrogen in the P4VP block could be easily coordinated with many metal precursors, we also fabricated a high density array of gold nanoparticle/polymer nanocomposite nanorods oriented vertically on the substrate.


In this paper the study of "photon+Jet" events is continued and the event number determination useful for jet energy scale setting with the possible CMS detector hadron calorimeter calibration at LHC is fulfiled. The sources of photon Pt and jet Pt disbalance are exposed. It is shown that the cluster Pt limitation, which is found in an event outside of the jet, can be a good criterion for this disbalance decreasing.


We know that in general relativity the Raychaudhuri equation gives the congruence and evolution of the geodesics. In this work, it is proposed that in brane cosmology the Raychaudhuri equation, apart from giving the collapse of the brane, it gives the evolution of the brane. Therefore, the Raychaudhuri equation gives the same information as the one of Friedmann's, in the context of evolution.


An organizational development method was used in a three-year effort to reduce disorder in a troubled Baltimore City school. Using the method, researchers and school staff collaborated to design, implement, and refine interventions aimed at increasing the predictability of responses to students' disciplinary infractions, increasing rewards for appropriate behavior, and increasing prosocial peer and teacher support. The evaluation suggests that the program improved the organizational health of the school, increased students'sense of belonging and their reports of rewards in school, and reduced disorder. This report describes the organizational development method and interventions and summarizes implementation and outcome data.


With the combination of questionnaire investigation and data statistics,this paper carried out analysis on the current situation of life quality and sport activity of city residents in Henan province.The results indicated that current life quality and sports activities situation city residents in Henan Province is lower than average national level;The quality of life have promote or inhibitory action on"Sport into daily life";"Sport into daily life"is the main approach to enhance the quality of life;there is positive relativity between life quality and sports activities situation;The level of sports resource which resident can occupy usually has the negative growth trend.


This study examines the relationships between elementary school students' multiple intelligences, prosocial behaviors, and school adjustments. The sample included 367 students from two elementary schools, and data were collected using the multiple-intelligence index, the prosocial behavior inventory, and the school adjustment index. A statistical analysis was conducted using t-test, a one-way ANOVA (Duncan's test), and a multiple regression analysis. According to the results, there were significant differences in the students' prosocial behaviors according to their multiple intelligences in terms of their sharing, kindness, cooperation, help, sympathy, and protection. In addition, there were significant differences in their school adjustments according to their multiple intelligence in terms of their adjustments to their teachers, friends, studies, and rules and events. The students' multiple intelligence was a significant predictors of their prosocial behaviors and school adjustments. In particular, their interpersonal intelligences, intrapersonal intelligences, and linguistic intelligences were significant predictors of their prosocial behaviors and school adjustments. These results suggest that elementary school students should be encouraged to develop their multiple intelligence to facilitate their prosocial behaviors and school adjustments.


T HE following study was conducted in order to assess the significance, and inter-changeability, of results obtained by various methods of screening compounds for chemo-therapeutic activity against tumors, and to compare the degree of activity of a series of related nitrogen mustards against a solid tumor and against the various susceptible normal tissues. It was further desired to analyze both these factors in terms of the toxicity and structure of the various compounds studied. To accomplish this, the data in a previous paper4 on the results of studying a series of thirty-six nitrogen mustards by five different methods of estimating effect on mouse sarcoma 180, data on the effects of these compounds on the viscera of normal mice prepared by Landing et al.3 and the data of Goldin et a1.2 on their toxicity in mice were subjected to analysis. The various compounds studied by each of the five


BackgroundThe outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which began in Wuhan, China, has rapidly spread in many countries and is currently considered a pandemic. The virus (SARS-CoV-2) causes severe acute respiratory syndrome and is related to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV.MethodsIn this review, an introduction to SARS-CoV-2 was provided comprising the following items: general features; pathogenesis; the existing knowledge on immunological properties; transmission routs; diagnostic features, especially discussion about new approaches for treatment and prevention; and different diagnostic methods including nucleic acid based assays, serological testing, and MALDI TOF-MS and LC-MS technologies.Findings and ConclusionIntroducing the different methods for SARS-CoV-2 detection may be useful to provide new insights into the development and improvement of detection primers, probes, methods/techniques, potential targets for drug designation, and therapeutic candidates against the virus.


Recent changes in curriculum have seen a curtailment in the time devoted to the teaching of gross anatomy, one of the most integral components of medical education. This has resulted in the reduction, and in some cases the elimination of cadaveric dissection, most significantly due to the huge amount of resources involved in conducting a cadaveric dissection program. Nevertheless, cadaveric dissection still comprises a significant part of the time devoted to the teaching of gross anatomy. Hence it is of paramount importance that maximum benefit be derived from cadaveric dissections since it offers unique advantages, most significant being the appreciation of the three-dimensional concepts of body organization. The key part of effective anatomy teaching using cadaveric dissection is having the best instructors for this task. While student evaluation of teaching (SET) questionnaires have been used to evaluate instructor proficiency in lecture classes, there is no SET questionnaire that has been specifically designed for the assessment of instructors involved in cadaveric dissection. The aim of this article is to design a questionnaire specifically for the evaluation of the competency of instructors involved in cadaveric dissection, and reinforce the arguments for the continued use of cadaveric dissection in the teaching of anatomy.


Background: Pelvic organ prolapse is a common benign condition in women, defined as the descent of one or more of the following: anterior vaginal wall; posterior vaginal wall; uterus (cervix); and apex of the vagina (vaginal vault or cuff scar after hysterectomy). Vulvar cancer is uncommon, accounting for 2-5% of gynecologic malignancies. Vulvar cancer and pelvic organ prolapse tend to occur in elderly individuals with other complications, such as heart disease, hypertension and diabetes. Risk during the perioperative period is very high; therefore, gynecologists should provide the most appropriate and comprehensive treatment plan to achieve a good prognosis. Case presentation: The patient's main concerns is vulva pruritus and vulva mass prolapse. Important clinical examinations include vulvar biopsy suggesting vulvar carcinoma, and the POP Quantification (POP-Q) scores showing Aa:+2, Ba:+2, C:0, D:0, Ap:+1, Bp:+1. The primary diagnoses is highly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva, pelvic organ prolapse. The patient underwent extensive vulvotomy, vulvoplasty, partial urethrotomy, external urethroplasty, partial cervicectomy, anterior and posterior vaginal wall repair, sacrospinous ligament suspension, and laparoscopic bilateral inguinal lymph node dissection. The patient recovered well and was discharged from hospital. But unfortunately, the patient was followed-up via telephone and died 1 year after surgery. Conclusions: Vulvar cancer and pelvic organ prolapse tend to occur in elderly individuals with other complications, such as heart disease, hypertension and diabetes. Risk during the perioperative period is very high; therefore, gynecologists should provide the most appropriate and comprehensive treatment plan to achieve a good prognosis.


Submitted for the DAMOP19 Meeting of The American Physical Society Direct search for the thorium-229 nuclear isomeric transition with a pulsed VUV laser RICKY ELWELL, JUSTIN JEET, CHRISTIAN SCHNEIDER, University of California, Los Angeles, EUGENE TKALYA, Lomonosov Moscow State University and Nuclear Safety Institute of Russian Academy of Science, ERIC HUDSON, University of California, Los Angeles — The nucleus of 229Th has an exceptionally low-energy isomeric transition in the vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) spectrum around 7.8 ± 0.5 eV [1]. While inaccessible to standard nuclear physics techniques, there are various prospects for a laser-accessible nuclear transition. Our direct search for the transition uses thorium-doped crystals as samples. In a previous experiment [2] at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) synchrotron, LBNL, we were able to exclude a large portion of the transition lifetime-vs.-frequency regionof-interest (ROI) [3]. Here, we will report on our ongoing efforts of a search using a pulsed VUV laser system as light source, which allows us to enhance our sensitivity up to 104× over the ALS and extend the accessible frequency range over the entire ROI [3]. An updated exclusion region will be presented. [1] B. R. Beck et al.: LLNL-PROC-415170 (2009) [2] J. Jeet et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 253001 (2015) [3] E. V. Tkalya et al.: Phys. Rev. C 92, 054324 (2015) Ricky Elwell University of California, Los Angeles Date submitted: 01 Feb 2019 Electronic form version 1.4


Elucidating molecular-chemical changes that the soil organic N (SON) pool has undergone following long-term cultivation remains a challenge. Our objective was to examine SON compounds in paired native and long-term cultivated soils using three independent analytical methods. Curie-point pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry revealed approximately 60 different organic N-containing molecules of which 11, 13, and 14 were less and 8, 16, and 11 more abundant in the cultivated than in the native soils from Lethbridge, Macklin, and St. Denis, respectively. Pyrolysis-field ionization mass spectrometry (Py-FIMS) revealed that heterocyclic N compounds such as substituted pyrroles and pyridines contributed to the overall cultivation-induced changes. Furthermore, Py-FIMS showed that cultivated sites preferentially lost thermally labile peptides and, to a lesser extent, other labile N-containing compounds. The magnitude of losses decreased in the order Lethbridge (80 yr cultivation) > Macklin (85 yr cultivation) > St. Denis (57+ yr cultivation). Relative gains in thermally stable N-containing compounds (all sites) and peptides (Macklin only) followed the same order. The weaker cultivation effect at St. Denis probably reflects a greater inherent stability of SON compounds in the native soil, as indicated by onsets and peaks in the thermal volatilization curves at 40 K higher pyrolysis temperature. Synchrotron-based N K-edge x-ray near-edge fine structure spectroscopy confirmed the enrichment of nitriles and N-heterocycles in the cultivated Lethbridge soil at the expense of amide N. Our multimethodological approach provided evidence for the enrichment of a relatively stable nonproteinaceous pool of SON on cultivation.