Urinary tract obstruction reduces kidney functions, which, if left uncorrected, may lead to irreversible renal loss, especially in infants. Despite the removal of obstruction, a decline in steady‐state renal blood flow (RBF) persists, vascular mechanisms of which are poorly understood. Urinary tract obstruction‐induced increase in the levels of vasoactive endothelin (ET)‐1 has been reported in humans and rodents. However, whether obstructive renal vasculopathy is associated with increased renal production of all ET isoforms (ET1‐3) remains unresolved. Also, the mechanisms that underlie ET‐induced renal vasoregulation in neonates are unclear. Here, we show that ET receptor (ETR)‐operated calcium entry via TRPC3 channels increases renal vascular resistance and reduces RBF in neonatal pigs. Acute unilateral urinary tract obstruction (UUO) in neonatal pigs increased peptidase endothelin converting enzyme 1 (ECE1)‐dependent renal production of ET1‐3 and diacylglycerol (DAG). Despite the removal of obstruction, acute UUO reduced kidney perfusion and caused an increase in renal vascular resistance (RVR) and the urinary levels of NGAL, the early predictive biomarker of acute kidney injury. The protein expression levels of ETRs (ETA and ETB) and TRPC3 channels in renal microvessels were unaltered in neonatal pigs subjected to acute UUO. However, pharmacological inhibition of ECE1, ETR, and TRPC3 mitigated acute UUO‐induced increase in RVR and urine NGAL in the pigs. These data suggest that increased ECE1 production and proteolytic processing of all big ETs to their vasoactive isoforms contribute to early neonatal renal insufficiency engendered by UUO. ET‐derived DAG activates renal vascular smooth muscle cell TRPC3 channels, leading to extracellular calcium entry, vasoconstriction, increased RVR and sustained hypoperfusion


We present a case (from a series) of a young woman suffering from a particular abnormality in her behavior with regards to food: She ingests large quantities of food to immediately vomit it. This behavior becomes progressively the central activity and concern of the patients. Both the desire of eating food and of vomiting it are imperious, but they are not experienced as foreign to the self, are considered as an «irresistible temptation. » Among the secondary symptoms we find pertinacious constipation and dysthymic states each time more intense and prolonged. (2) The clinical picture evolves toward a narrowing of existence and a greater limitation of social and work abilities. (3) A phenomenological analysis of the major symptom is attempted, in order to establish essential differences with regards to hysteric, obsessive, and delusional phenomena. A special place is granted to the differential diagnosis with regards to anorexia nervosa and psychogenic obesity. (4) The clinical picture presented by these patients is considered as constituting an independent syndrome. This syndrome can be subordinated to the broader group of addictions


Purpose – The purpose of this study is to identify the challenges, the benefits, the risks and the motives of petroleum companies in the Persian Gulf toward outsourcing strategy. While the petroleum companies are faced with massive costs of operation that stem from the aging infrastructure, human capital deficit, inefficient fragmented business processes and lack of access to new technologies, outsourcing strategy toward cost savings and the overt and covert resistance of management and employees are significant barriers for creation of continuous process. Design/methodology/approach – Based on the review of existing literature, the industry ' s archives and in-depth personal interviews with senior executives of the national oil and gas companies in five Gulf countries and seven global outsourcing companies and 87 survey responses, this study develops a methodological framework which substantiates or refutes the hypotheses based on the objectives: industry challenges are the driving forces behind outsourc...


Urban and rural communities in Africa hâve a long history of resource conservation through waste reuse and thé application of coraposted organic waste for farming. This paper examines thé concept of waste reuse urban farming (WRUF) as a unique local solution to address municipal solid waste problems in African cities. It analyzes thé rationale for WRUF; thé history, nature and status of traditional urban farming; thé constraints and implications of WRUF for urban planning; and implementation problems. Finally, we suggest solutions to overcoming thèse problems.


The purpose of this paper is to evaluate an unsteady Eulerian approach from a direct comparison with a Lagrangian approach for the simulation of an ensemble of non-colliding particles interacting with a decaying homogeneous isotropic turbulence given by DNS. Comparison between both approaches is is carried out for two dierent particle inertia from global instantaneous quantities such as particle kinetic energy, local instantaneous Eulerian quantities such as particle number density and spectral quantities such as spectral particle kinetic energy. The proposed Eulerian approach yields instantaneous three dimensional velocity and number density fields which are in very good agreement, at large scales, with the discrete particle simulation results. However, appreciable discrepancies between the two approaches are measured at small scales for the particles with larger inertia. Indeed, for Stokes number value close to unity, segregation eects are very important and due to the sti gradients in number density the Eulerian method is limited by spatial grid res


ABSTRACT This study evaluated the efficacy of a microbial biofilm in removing Ni ions in aqueous media. The biofilm was developed incorporating a garden soil fungus with a bacterium isolated from Ni-rich serpentinite soil. The biofilm was characterized using microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) investigations, and Boehm and potentiometric titrations. Ni removal was determined using batch experiments as a function of pH, Ni concentration, and time. The adsorption isotherm assay was conducted with varying Ni concentrations from 25 to 500 mg/L for 4 days. Isotherm and kinetic modeling were applied to the experimental data to understand the mechanisms of Ni removal. The zero point charge at pH 4.5 indicated the pH values greater than 4.5 is favorable for Ni adsorption. Acidic nature of the biofilm was reflected from Boehm titration data showing higher number of acidic groups than basic groups. With the increase in initial Ni concentration, the uptake increased from 3.43 to 38.16 mg/g. Hill, the best-fitted isotherm model, indicated a maximum adsorption capacity of 165.37 mg/g. After 4 days, the adsorption rate reached an equilibrium with a maximum sorption of ∼30 mg/g for an initial concentration of 100 mg/L. Kinetic model fitting with Power function further demonstrated the chemisorptive interaction of Ni with the biofilm surface. A clear involvement of functional groups of the biofilm in Ni bonding was observed from the attenuated total reflection (ATR)-FTIR spectrum. The microbial biofilm showed an efficient but slow removal of Ni from aqueous media.


A fuzzy logic and additive wavelet-based image fusion scheme is proposed. The scheme injects high-frequency information from a high-resolution panchromatic image into a low-resolution multispectral image taking both the intensity levels of each band and spatial information of panchromatic image into consideration. The proposed scheme preserves both spatial and spectral information. Quantitative analysis performed on the Ikonos and Quickbird data sets demonstrates that the proposed scheme outperforms state-of-the-art multiresolution image fusion schemes.


The evolution of neoclassical tearing modes (NTMs) in the presence of electrostatic drift wave turbulence is investigated. In contrast with anomalous transport effect induced by turbulence on NTMs, a new mechanism that turbulence-driven current can affect the onset threshold of NTMs significantly is suggested. Turbulence acts as a source or sink to exchange energy with NTMs. The turbulence-driven current can change the parallel current in magnetic islands and affect the evolution of NTMs, depending on the direction of turbulence intensity gradient. When the turbulence intensity gradient is negative, the turbulence-driven current enhances the onset threshold of NTMs. When the turbulence intensity gradient is positive, it can reduce or even overcome the stabilizing effect of neoclassical polarization current, leading to a small onset threshold of NTMs. This implies that NTMs can appear without noticeable magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) events.


Power generated by the natural gas (NG) is a promising option for solving the restrictions on the development of the power industry. Consequently, the high interdependence between NG network and electricity network should be considered in this integration. In this paper, a day-ahead scheduling framework of integrated electricity and NG system (IENG) is proposed at a distribution level based on the fast alternating direction multiplier method with restart algorithm considering demand side response and uncertainties. Within the proposed framework, the detailed model of the IENG system at a distribution level is established, where the NG flow equation is processed by incremental linearization method to improve the computational efficiency. The objective is to minimize the operation costs of the entire system. With consideration of the uncertainties of distributed generation and electricity load as well as the uncertainties from the NG load, a two-stage robust optimization model is introduced to obtain the worst case within the uncertainty set, which is solved by column and constraints generation algorithm. In addition, the demand-side response (DSR) model including the decentralized air conditioning (AC) load model and the centralized ice-storage AC load model is integrated into the scheduling framework. Finally, the proposed day-ahead scheduling framework is verified by numerical studies where the optimal scheduling schemes are obtained in different cases, both the effects of the uncertainties and the performance with introducing DSR to the system operation are analyzed.


A static frequency divider is presented using 0.7 m InP DHBTs with 280 GHz ft/fmax. The divider is based on ECL master–slave D-flip–flop topology with 30 HBTs and 20 resistors with a chip size 0.62 0.65 mm2.The circuits use peaking inductance as apart of the loads to maximize the highest clockrate.Momentum simulation is used to accurately characterize the effect of the clock feedback lines at the W band. Test results show that the divider can operate from 1 GHz up to 83 GHz. Its phase noise is 139 dBc/Hz with 100 kHz offset. The power dissipation of divider core is 350 mW.


1. Law and office 2. The stakes: the interests of others in official actions 3. Officials' obligations arise from more than the law alone 4. The moral obligations of legal officials 5. Patterns of relationship between legal and moral obligations 6. Breaching duties 7. Tools for the trade: maxims and fallacies.


Greensboro, North Carolina, is a representative medium size city. This report tells how the national administration's economic program has brought changes to the city—particularly to social service agencies and their clients. It also suggests strategies to help repair the damage done by budget cuts.


solule elemenls and llze grain size onlhe change in hardness,jiuling-sensitivify, yield /Joinl elongalion and eleclron ll1icrosco/)ic struclure during slrain-aging were investigated. I t was found Ihal lhe inlerstilial carbon accelerated Ihe change of Izardness, u'hereas nitrogen accelerated tizat of tlze fluling /)oint number during slrain-aging, especially Oil aging al 25°C. The reasons for lhe disagreemenl between llze equivalent times calculaled by Ihe H undy's equation for Ihe acceleraling slrain-aging tesl alld Ihe eX/Jerimenial dala were discussed.


The article deals with the assessment of non-carcinogenic health risks resulting from the contact of persons with bottom sediments contaminated by non-polar extractable substances. The sediments were taken in the river bed up and downstream from the premises of former chemical factory which had processed oil products. The concentration of non-polar extractable substances in the sediment was determined through infrared spectrometry. There were assessed the non-carcinogenic health risks of random ingestion and dermal contact with contaminated sediment for the population of 3 to 6 years old children, adults and the employees carrying out sanitation works. Key-Words: environmental burden, non-polar extractable substances, non-carcinogenic risk, oil products, sediment.


Objective To study the expression of survivin protein in human osteosarcoma and its relationship with the occurrence and prognosis of osteosarcoma. Methods The expression of survivin was detected by S-P immunohistochemical technique in 46 cases of human osteosarcoma. Results The positive rate of survivin was 63.0% in 46 cases of osteosarcoma and no survivin was detected in 12 cases of osteochondroma. The expression of survivin was correlated with Enneking stage but not correlated with age,sex,size of the tumor,the tumor' s primary location and histological differentiation. The 5-year survival rate of the patients with survivin positive expression was much lower than that of the patients with survivin negative expression (P 0.05). Conclusion The high expression of survivin in osteosarcoma may play an important role in the proliferation of osteosarcoma and survivin can be used to predict the prognosis of osteosarcoma.


Abstract : The majority of our present chemotherapeutic agents only kill cells effectively when they are proliferating; this may explain why these agents have been of such limited success in patients. In contrast to these ineffective agents, we have chemically modified a plant toxin, Thapsigargin (TG), to produce primary amine-containing analogs that are potent, cell proliferation independent, inducers of apoptosis in prostate cancer cells, These TG-analogs, however, are not prostate cancer-specific cytotoxins. The hypothesis is that a potent TG analog can be converted to an inactive prodrug by coupling to a peptide carrier that is a substrate for Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA). Since PSMA is expressed in high levels only by prostate cancer cells and not by normal cells, this should allow specific targeting of the TG-analog's killing ability to prostate cancer cells thus minimizing toxicity to normal tissue. Two enzymatic activities for PSMA have been described: an N-acetyl-alpha linked acid dipeptidase (NAALADase) activity and a pteroyl poly-y-glutamyl carboxypeptidase (folate hydrolase) activity. On the basis of preliminary data, the ideal TG prodrug should consist of either an aspartate or glutamate containing TO analog coupled via to a peptide containing a series of alpha- and gamma-linked glutamates and ending in an alpha-linked aspartyl-glutamate "cap". This substrate would be readily cleaved by PSMA but would be stable to hydrolysis by proteases such as gamma-glutamyl hydrolase present in serum and extracellular fluid of some normal tissue types.


We propose a new multiple change-point detection framework for multivariate and non-Euclidean data. First, we combine graph-based statistics with wild binary segmentation or seeded binary segmentation to search for a pool of candidate change-points. We then prune the candidate change-points through a novel goodness-of-fit statistic. Numerical studies show that this new framework outperforms existing methods under a wide range of settings. The resulting change-points can further be arranged hierarchically based on the goodness-of-fit statistic. The new framework is illustrated on a Neuropixels recording of an awake mouse.


Teachers' professional vision is an important part of teachers' professional ability. This article is to review Professor Sherin and others 'related research of over 10 years about using video to develop teacher 's professional vision in the video club. The research includes the concept of teachers 'professional vision,the structure of professional vision,the reason to adopt the video club mode to develop teachers' professional vision,the specific implementation process,the development and change of teachers' professional vision and its impact on the teaching practice. It is expected that this will provide a new research perspective and practice mode for our primary and secondary school teachers' professional development research and practice.


The propositus was a newborn baby (#398) from the area of Sassari, North Sardinia. The Hb Lepore was detected by isoelectrofocusing (IEF) (14); the same abnormality was present in the mother (Fig. 1) but not in the father. Its initial identification was confirmed by cation exchange high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (15) with a PolyCat column.


The analysis of Chinese sentence structure plays an important role in the history of the development of Natural Language Processing technology, and the Chinese sentence library has also brought new opportunities for the research in this field. Based on the Chinese sentence structure library, this paper extracts the features of the sentence structure, realizes the similarity comparison between documents, and excavates the characteristics of different types of documents..


NHS Employers is seeking to freeze the pay of doctors and dentists for another year, saying an increase for 2014-15 would be "unaffordable" for trusts.

The organisation will formally submit its evidence and detailed reasons for the recommendation to the Review Body on Doctors' and Dentists' Remuneration (DDRB) on Friday 27 September. It will say that NHS pay remains attractive and competitive and will warn that the NHS is under such pressure that any increase …


The magnetic and magnetostriction properties of Z-type cobalt-doped barium hexaferrite with perpendicular c-axis crystallographic texture are presented. The hexaferrite was utilized as a component in Co2Z/lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate multiferroic heterostructures whose tunability of permeability with electric field in terms of ferromagnetic resonance shift was supported by experiments and theoretical calculation. A permeability change of 16% was measured by an induced magnetic field of 38 Oe under the application of 6 kV/cm of electric field. These findings lay the foundation for the application of Z-type hexaferrites in tunable rf and microwave devices valued for sending, receiving, and manipulating electromagnetic signals.


The experiment was conducted to find out suitable vegetative propagation techniques for Kusum (Schleichera oleosa Lour) a native threatened tree species of Bangladesh. Juvenile shoots of Kusum were collected from hedgerows established from seeds of phenotypically superior trees. One year old stock plants growing in hedgerows were topped leaving 50-60 cm stump above the ground. The effects of different concentration of IBA (Indole-3 Butyric Acid) hormones on the rooting ability of moss were investigated in a non-mist propagator. The study reveals that the species is amenable for vegetative propagation by young shoot cuttings. IBA application significantly enhanced the rooting percentage of the species. The species showed 50% rooting response with 0.4% IBA treatment after 86 days. There were significant differences among IBA treatments and control at 95% significant level. Maximum number of root (3), highest root length (1.0 cm) and the highest survival percentage (100%) were also observed in 0.4% IBA treated cuttings. The results suggest that rooting of juvenile leafy stem cutting with IBA application may be an effective mean of rooting and suitable vegetative propagation technique for the species.


Contestation of the election of both heads of regions in Indonesia as a democracy of Pancasila, as happened in Serang city indicate that there is an attempt to ask for the position of a head of regional office to the people as the highest sovereign. In fact, in view of the Prophet's hadiths, asking for a position more ambitious to become a leader is prohibited. This raises a problem for the people of Indonesia, the largest Muslim country in the world, because there is a conflict between the norms of state law and religious norms.
With regard to this, raises the following question: 1. How is the phenomenon of leader election in Serang city? 2. How does the analysis of hadiths ambitious to become leaders? 3. How does contextualization of hadiths of ambitiously becoming leaders against the process of electing leaders in the city of Serang? In answering the problem, the author used a mixed method between library research and field research by applying contextual analysis of Hadith Syuhudi Ismail theory which is based on the theory of Yūsuf Qarḍawi.
Contestation of the election of both heads of regions in Indonesia as a democracy of Pancasila, as happened in Serang city indicate that there is an attempt to ask for the position of a head of regional office to the people as the highest sovereign. In fact, in view of the Prophet's hadiths, asking for a position more ambitious to become a leader is prohibited. This raises a problem for the people of Indonesia, the largest Muslim country in the world, because there is a conflict between the norms of state law and religious norms.
With regard to this, raises the following question: 1. How is the phenomenon of leader election in Serang city? 2. How does the analysis of hadiths ambitious to become leaders? 3. How does contextualization of hadiths of ambitiously becoming leaders against the process of electing leaders in the city of Serang? In answering the problem, the author used a mixed method between library research and field research by applying contextual analysis of Hadith Syuhudi Ismail theory which is based on the theory of Yūsuf Qarḍawi.
This study aims: 1. To describe the phenomenon of leader election in Serang city, 2. To understand the analysis of hadiths ambitious to become leaders and 3. To understand the contextualization of hadiths of ambitiously becoming leaders against the process of electing leaders in the city of Serang.
The results of this study indicate that legal norms accompanied by phenomenon in the election of mayor and vice mayor of Serang 2018 are not contradictory to the result of contextual analysis of the hadiths ambitious on becoming leader as long as there is a real public good reason, bringing a good impact if occupied by the party requesting the position, the offer or the possibility of vacancies that can be taken with the purpose of common good with the ability and ability to carry out the mandate of the position well and not in the framework of pride.


Suitable carbonate was prepared as a lithium ion battery or solvent additives fluoroalkyl and fluoro-substituted alkyl ester urethane with a fluorine acid fluoroalkyl ester and the corresponding alcohol or amine. Methanol is a preferred alcohol, dimethylamine and diethylamine are preferred amines. Fluoromethyl methyl carbonate compound is preferred to be produced. Fluoro acid fluoroalkyl ester aldehydes can be prepared and carbonyl fluoride.


Summary Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, infected with Plasmodium gallinaceum, were homogenized and the resulting brei was subjected to a series of filtration and centrifugation steps prior to being placed on a linear sucrose gradient. The mean density of the sporozoites isolated from the peak fraction was 1.157 g/cm3 and the number of sporozoites recovered per mosquito was estimated to be 45,000. The technique can readily be extended to the isolation of sporozoites of other plasmodial species and produces a greater yield than is possible by conventional dissection methods.


In work movement of the charged particles in an electrostatic field and potentials of electrodes with reference to gas purification problems is modelled. The movement and trajectory law are constructed by means of splines of the second order. The emulator for 3D modeling of a stream of particles of a dust in the copper electrofilter between charging and precipitation electrodes has been developed. For drawing construction the library for work with 3D drawing OpenGL was used.


Among the recent accessions of the Society is an interesting letter written in 1883 by a member of one of the firms which later became Armour & Company, Inc.


An increasing number of industrial areas recognize the opportunities of Big Data, requiring highly efficient algorithms which enable real-time processing to reduce the burden of data storage and maintenance. Decision trees are extremely fast, highly accurate and easy to use in practice. Merging multiple decision trees to an ensemble leads to one of the most powerful machine learning methods. The Very Fast Decision Tree is the state-of-the-art incremental decision tree induction algorithm, capable of learning from massive data streams. It is successful due to its theoretical guarantees based on the Hoeffding bound as well as its competitive performance in terms of classification accuracy and time / space efficiency. In this paper, we increase the efficiency even further by replacing its global splitting scheme, which periodically tries to split every n_min examples. Instead, we utilize local statistics to predict the split-time, thus, avoiding unnecessary split-attempts, usually dominating the computational cost. Concretely, we use the class distributions of previous split-attempts to approximate the minimum number of examples until the Hoeffding bound is met. This cautious approach yields by design a low delay and reduces the number of split-attempts at the same time. We extensively evaluate our method using common stream-learning benchmarks also considering non-stationary environments. The experiments confirm a substantially reduced run-time without a loss in classification performance.


To the Editor:

We read with interest the article by Samaha et al1 demonstrating a favorable effect of short-term rosiglitazone treatment on the inflammatory milieu in nondiabetic subjects with low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the metabolic syndrome. Almost simultaneously, the same group reported similar effects of pioglitazone in subjects with the metabolic syndrome.2 The proinflammatory state that accompanies the metabolic syndrome is associated with both insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction, providing a connection between inflammation and metabolic processes which is highly deleterious for vascular functions.3 PPAR-γ agonists have displayed unique characteristics, in both animal and clinical studies, indicating that they have antiatherogenic properties.4 These compounds may have direct beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk independent of their hypoglycemic action.5 Two pilot studies with troglitazone6 and pioglitazone7 have shown reduced carotid intima-media thickness in patients with type 2 …


In the United States, one of 11 men will develop prostate cancer (/). Despite the fact that cancer of the prostate is the leading cancer among American males, only race and age have been firmly established as risk factors (2,3). The identification of other risk factors and of biomarkers for prostatic carcinoma has been targeted as a priority by the National Cancer Institute and is a critical element in the development of efficient screening and early detection programs (2,3). Recently, anthropometry has been identified as a promising technique for uncovering potential risk factors for prostate cancer, since differences in fat distribution, skeletal structure, and musculature may be evident between men with prostate cancer and those without this disease (2-4). To further evaluate anthropometry as a tool for prostate cancer risk identification, a census of 28 men were contacted through the urology clinics at Duke University Medical Center from mid-March 1992 to mid-April 1992. The study population was limited to mentally competent, weight-stable (<5% change in weight noted in the past year) men between the ages of 60 and 70 years, either who had clinically confirmed, localized prostate cancer or' who had been subjected to a prostate biopsy which excluded such a diagnosis. Men receiving hormonal therapy or orchiectomy were excluded. All men who were contacted agreed to volunteer for this investigation; 14 men participated as case patients and 14 men as control subjects. Using procedures adopted by the NHANES III study (5), we conducted the following anthropometric measures: standing and sitting heights; weight; elbow and biacromial breadths; midarm, midarm muscle, waist, hip, and thigh circumferences; and triceps and subscapular skinfold I thicknesses. All measures were performed by a trained clinician, with nonstretch tape measures used for circumferences and Lange Skinfold Calipers (Cambridge Scientific Industries, Cambridge, Md.) used for skinfold thicknesses. (Three readings were taken at each site, and the mean value was used for analysis.) No significant differences between case patients and control subjects were found with regard to age; weight; standing height; body mass index; thigh, waist, hip, midarm, and midarm muscle circumferences; elbow breadth; subscapular skinfold thickness; or biacromial breadth-to-height ratio. (P values ranged from P = .1202 for thigh circumference to P = .9087 for midarm muscle circumference.) A significant difference in the sitting-tostanding height ratio between case patients and control subjects (P = .01) was apparent, however, with case patients demonstrating greater trunk-tototal height ratios. The waist-to-thigh circumference ratios were also significantly greater in case patients than in control subjects (P = .03), indicating a propensity for upper-body fat distribution. In addition to comparing the means of the anthropometric measurements between case patients and control subjects, discriminant analysis was used to determine a combination of anthropometric measures that would predict case-control status. A stepwise procedure yielded a combination of the sitting-to-standing height ratio and the waist-to-thigh circumference ratio for predicting case-control status. Men with greater sitting-to-standing height and waist-to-thigh circumference measures would tend to be classified as case patients. When applied to this sample, this combination correctly classified nine (64.3%) of the 14 case patients and 12 (85.7%) of the 14 control subjects. The inclusion of biacromial breadth as a third factor improves predictability, and men with larger values would tend to be classified as control subjects. When applied to this sample, the three-factor analysis correctly classified 11 (78.6%) of the 14 case patients and 13 (92.9%) of the 14 control subjects. Biacromial breadth, however, is strongly associated with stature, and the fact that control subjects tended to be taller than case patients may be a spurious finding. These classification rates may also be optimistic, since the classification rule is being applied to the same data that were used to construct the rule. A larger study would allow for other techniques for estimating the rate of correct classification. Although compelling, these results must be interpreted with caution. There is a difficulty in interpreting "statistical significance" when a large number of tests are computed. The small P values in Table 1 should be interpreted as an indication that some anthropometric measures may differ between case patients and control subjects and that further testing on a larger sample is warranted. Nonetheless, these findings support the hypothesis that upper-body obesity may be a risk factor for prostate cancer, as it is in other hormone-related cancers of the breast and endometrium (6,7). In addition, the finding of increased sitting-to-standing height ratios among case patients compared with control subjects is of particular interest, since increased sitting height has been associated with increased levels of testosterone during puberty (8,9).


A methodology has been developed to optimize the accuracy of information processing on conceptual principles of using statistical, natural, technological, semantic redundancy with mechanisms for extracting statistical, dynamic, specific characteristics, textural features and using probabilistic computing, searching, document recognition and clustering tools. A technique is proposed for monitoring and correcting errors of high multiplicity in textual information of documents based on morphological analysis and n-gram structured models. Tools for analyzing document information, performing arithmetic and logical operations of the same type, predictive analysis based on spline - functions, wavelet - analysis, and parallel computations have been developed. A technology has been implemented to optimize the reliability of electronic document information in the CUDA parallel computing environment based on the GPU model, mechanisms for extracting, matching frequently repeated word forms, derivational affixes and applying hash codes.


This paper deals with a numerical characterization of patch antenna array that is designed by use of metamaterials concept. The array that consists of 2 patch antennas is designated to operate at 2.3GHz implemented for wireless communication. The motivation of this work is to accomplish the demand for high gain antenna in a compact size that has been rapidly increased in recent years. The proposed antenna array is developed using an FR-4 Epoxy substrate (εr = 4.04, loss tangent = 0.022, thickness = 0.8mm, and dimension = 56mm × 41mm) which the patches are deployed on the top side whilst a composite-left-right-handed transmission-line (CRLH-TL) network as metamaterials circuit is printed on the opposite side. To analyze numerically the characteristic of proposed patch array antenna, the ideal CRLH-TL network is modeled. The characterization of proposed antenna array is conducted numerically to obtain the characteristics such as return loss, bandwidth, VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio), gain and radiation pattern. From the characterization result, it shows that the proposed antenna array works well around 2.3GHz working frequency with working bandwidth for VSWR less than 2 is about 560MHz and the overall gain is up to 2dB around working frequency.


The Cenozoic volcanic rocks in Tumen river field are located on eastern of Tianchi volcanic crater,Changbai Mountain area,in Jilin province,northeast of China.All of volcanic products are basaltic rocks,which erupted by flooding way.Main type of these basaltic rocks are tholeiite,included some differential rocks,such as basaltic trachy-andesite,alkaline basalt,basaltic andesite and trachy-basalt.According to the basaltic rocks have low Mg~#( most of them≤60,Ni<100μg/g),with its major and minor elements data, we concluded that all the magmas which come into being volcanic rocks in Tureen river field are not parental magmas,but are derived magmas by way of olivine and pyroxene differentiation in the upper mantle.After different degree of differentiation,different types of derived magmas include tholeiitic basaltic magmas,alkaline basaltic magmas and trachy-basaltic magmas are formed.The differentiation is the most key action lead to come into being different types of volcanic rocks.Such as tholeiite,alkaline basalt and trachy-basalt.While the process of magmas ascending,different degree of contamination occur in different sites.The main spots of contamination are located in upper ernst,the rocks which are situated in east of Tumen river field,relatively received much more degree of contamination than its western part,in this cause,the eastern parts of rocks have high K_2O (>2.6%) and come into being basaltic trachy-andesite.


Ion currents obtained for fragmentations in a mass spectrometer of reversed geometry have been represented as three-dimensional surfaces, which are termed 'ion current surfaces'. In addition to ion current, useful dimensions of the ion current surfaces are a parameter ln(|ρ|) where ρ = (V0/V)(E/E0) and a parameter ln(|m*|) where m* = (V0/V)mB. Each ion reaction occurring in the source and flight path gives rise to a pattern of peaks and ridges on the surface. If the major features of the surface corresponding to each ion reaction are projected onto the zero ion current plane, they are disposed in a characteristic trapezoidal pattern. All simple and linked modes of scanning correspond to cross-sections of the surfaces, and representing the scanning modes in this light facilitates the identification of 'cross-talk'.


In this paper a method to convert a monoscopic video movie to a stereoscopic video movie is presented. This method is based on passively acquired video images using a single camera and may be applied in PC based real time system. Current methods for generating single camera stereoscopic videos and ad-hoc standards are based on creating a depth map. The depth map calculation is based on structure from motion methods. In order to work properly the depth map should be very dense and accurate. Otherwise, local deformations may occur. Our proposed method is based on calculating a planar transformation between images in the sequence and relies on the human capability to sense the residual parallax. Therefore it does not depend on calculation of the depth map. This advantage is of great importance when deformation of even small objects is forbidden as in reconnaissance and medical systems. The proposed method generates stereoscopic image pairs. Each pair consists of the original image and a transformed image. The transformed image is generated from another image of the original sequence. That image is selected by the algorithm such that a considerable parallax is developed between the two original frames. The chosen image is then warped using the planar transformation. Our algorithm assumes a good planar transformation approximation between the images. Thus, residual disparities are related to the distance from the average plane. As such, zooming and rotation are eliminated after the warping process, and the eyes integrate the images to 3D scene based on the disparity. The algorithm has been tested and is demonstrated on aerial scenes as well as terrestrial using a hand held camera.


Abstract This paper describes extension of DB(n) control algorithm which improves the behaviour quality of control processes with time delay. This extension is called eDBd algorithm and it can function even if controller output is limited. The synthesis was derived for control loop with proportional third order behaviour of a controlled plant. However, the algorithm can be generalised for controlled plants with higher order and applied for plants with non-minimal phase, for plants with time delay and also for plants with combination of non-minimal phase with time delay. This is shown in simulation experiments, which are described in the paper. For experimental evaluation of the control algorithm in real time, hardware in loop simulation was used, which replaces analogue model of real plant with A/D and D/A converters and PC as a controller.


www.inforamp.net/~poynton firstname.lastname@example.com This FAQ is intended to clarify aspects of color that are important to color image coding, computer graphics, image processing, video, and the transfer of digital images to print. I assume that you are familiar with intensity, luminance (CIE Y), lightness (CIE L*), and the nonlinear relationship between CRT voltage and luminance – that is, gamma. To learn more about these topics, please read the companion Frequently Asked Questions about Gamma. This document is available on the Internet from Toronto at: I retain copyright to this note. You have permission to use it, but you may not publish it.


The introduction of creative behaviour to learning and teaching process allows learners to best use their abilities. It requires the right attitude of a teacher, who should be capable of and willing to notice every learner's uniqueness, and who should not be afraid of dangers resulting from the implementation of open teaching concepts. Such an attitude is especially important in the process of early foreign language learning. The article focuses on the essence and advantages of the Storyline Approach. This open concept, integrating various teaching themes and based on creating a story together, presents a good method of creative foreign language learning.


THE PHRASE, "the problem of God," is of distinctively modern coinage; it gives its characteristic ring when dropped on the surface of the modern mind. However, the problem itself is ancient, as old as the oldest traditions of the Bible. It is, incidentally, only within the tradition of biblical religion that God is so exhibited as to give rise to a problem of God; just as it is only within this tradition, as wedded to a culture in that region of the spirit which is known as the West, that human intelligence has been so cultivated that it grasps the God of the Bible as a problem. I mention the point only in passing; it could readily be demonstrated. The purpose here is simply to sketch out a sort of historical-analytical summary of the problem of God, chiefly with a view to indicating its structure and the variant modes of its position, as discerned in the different phases of the problem. There are two broad phases, from the standpoint both of history and of content. First, there is the biblical problem. This is the problem of God as it arises on the level of the religious existence. It is the problem of the presence of God, or of the "Irving" God, in the biblical sense of the adjective. Its correspondent solution is in terms of what the Scriptures call the "knowledge" of God. Second, there is the patristic and medieval problem. It arises on the level of theological understanding. It is the problem of the intelligibility of God. And its correspondent solution is in terms of systematic metaphysical conception and statement. This effort at systematization is inchoative with the Fathers; it reaches its definitive stage with St. Thomas. In addition, there is the problem of the godless man, which is simply the obverse, as it were, of the problem of God. Like the problem of God, it arises on the level of human freedom. And its solution is by a dictate of will, a decision to ignore God. The decision is of variant tenor and tonality. Today, in the postmodern era, this decision is invested with a uniqueness that makes it new in history. Today, therefore, the problem of God has taken on a new form.


In this paper, we use advanced multi-agent technologies to establish a smart power grid to solve the power distribution restoration problems. Specifically, we modeled switches in the power distribution systems as intelligent agents who can communicate and coordinate together to find a global optimal solution to the power distribution service restoration problems. We modeled the society of intelligent switch agents as local power committees in a distribution system and propose a coordination method for the distributed local power committees so that they could reach a consensus among many proposed service restoration solutions after faults are detected in the distribution feeders. We show how the local switch agent committees find the global optimal restoration solution to all local power demand issues through communicating and propagating the power demand issues, proposing local candidate solutions and combine issues and solutions and finally finding solution by constraint satisfaction. We also compare our multiagent approach to the traditional methods and benchmark problems from power restoration research literatures and show satisfactory performance results.


Several traditional algorithms used in traffic incident detection are reviewed. A detection model based on artificial neural network is proposed and implemented with a BP algorithm. By comparing the ANN model with California algorithm, It is found that the performance of the ANN algorithm has higher detection rate, lower false alarm rate, shorter mean detection time and some disadvantages. The further research directions are given.


Control rod drive mechanism is important equipment in nuclear reactor system of pressurized water reactor.The paper introduced its structure,characteristic the function and the selected principle of the metallic material of PWR control rod drive mechanism,and specificly analyzed the slection of martensitic stainless steel,austenite stainless steel,nickel base alloy and cobalt base alloy.


Purpose: This research is descriptive research that investigate the effect of Job consciousness and adaptation resilience
of saeteomin on self efficacy. Method: Data had been collected with questionnaires for 146 people who are over 20 and
lived in Seoul from June 15th to July 14th 2010. Results: The mean scores that 3.67(±.51), 3.35 (±.37) and 청소년
(±.33) points for adaptation resilience, consciousness of job and self efficacy respectively. Also, adaptation resilience of
saeteomin has relation about 17.1% for self efficacy. Moreover, in effect of job consciousness on adaptation resilience and
self efficacy, job consciousness as a control variable is appeared to be significant in the intimacy for adaptation
resilience. Conclusion: As a results that consciousness of job as a control variable has effects on the relationship between
adaptation resilience and self efficacy, it is necessary to attempt to increase the goal of internal progress and
chance to have cultural firmness. And it is also necessary to implement the job consciousness to them with social support
and considering data from this research.


Competition outside of the region may lead to the overall migration and the cavitation in the development process of industrial clusters.Fostering innovation incubator network for SMEs is an effective way to deal with cluster risks.The paper defines the meaning of innovation incubation network and collaborative innovation network of SMEs in clusters,analyzes the relation schema,and determines the coupling domain between the two.System dynamics is used to analyze the coupling mechanism.Policy advices to improve the effect of coupling and the regional innovation capacity are put forward.Dalian Double D Innovation Incubator is analyzed as an exemplary case.


A triangular operator is an aggregation operator that can be understood as a generalization of a logical connective. Although weighted means are very often used for combining audio similarity measures, theoretical considerations suggest that it might be better to use a triangular operator instead. Moreover, the use of a triangular operator eliminates the need for finding optimal weights. With the MIREX 2007 submissions described in this paper, we investigate if triangular operators really are suitable for combining audio similarity measures.


Patients supported with a ventricular assist device are predisposed to severe bleeding at the time of orthotopic heart transplant due to several risk factors including anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists. Kcentra, a four‐factor prothrombin complex concentrate, has been approved by the FDA for warfarin reversal in adults prior to urgent surgery. There is a lack of published data on the preoperative use of four‐factor prothrombin complex concentrates in pediatric patients undergoing cardiacsurgery.


Abstract K1−xRbxTiOPO4 single crystals are increasingly attractive for non-linear optical applications, especially for optical harmonic conversion. Many investigations have been undertaken in order to understand the physical origin of these non-linearities. Within this framework, the vibrational spectra of K1−xRbxTiOPO4 with x = 0.0, 0.4 and 1.0 have been recorded in a large temperature range from 10 to 1000 K and for various geometrical configurations. The low-temperature spectra allow to analyse the symmetry of the modes and their physical origin. For instance, the identification of the modes showing important scattered intensity in terms of involved bands gives valuable indication on the cause of the optical non-linearity. The Raman spectra from room to high temperature, which show occurrence of a strongly polarised quasi-elastic scattering, are analysed and discussed.


Having a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device different from thickness of the gate insulating film, comprising the following steps: (a) a first gate insulating film having a first thickness is formed a plurality of regions on a surface of a semiconductor substrate; (b) removing the plurality of regions in the first region a first gate insulating film and permit the formation of a natural oxide film; (c) heating the semiconductor substrate in a reducing atmosphere and is selectively reduced and removed in step (b), natural oxide film formed; and (d) after step (c), is formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate in the first region a second gate insulating film having a thinner than the first thickness of the second thickness.


The performance characteristics of conventional and K-edge filters have been studied for the entire field of general diagnostic radiology. The problem of optimising the conflicting needs from patient dose, image contrast and exposure time was managed primarily by computer simulation. In comparison to conventional filters like iron or copper no significant advantages can be obtained with K-edge filters in practice except for the special circumstances of automatic fluoroscopy. The optimal choice of conventional filters is discussed. The different roles of backscattered radiation for skin dose and integral dose are demonstrated, and the necessity of correcting for increased backscatter following additional filtration is stressed. The potential for dose reductions by adding filtration has been found to be substantially smaller than the figures mostly reported. Finally some methodological problems of studies of this kind are pointed out.


Mythologies of New Guinea peoples were analyzed in terms of "themes," "motifs," "plots" and "moral" in an effort to understand the peoples and their cultures and specifically to find adequate vocabulary for Bible translation. Both the advantages and disadvantages of this approach are discussed.


This paper analyses the human resource construction of the subject librarian in Chinese university library, and expounds the quality requirements and construction paths for the human resource of the subject librarian.


Article history Received: 14 April 2020 Revised: 21 July 2020 Accepted: 3 October 2020 This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of implementing a real object-based open inquiry model towards integrated science process skills of 10thgrade students in the material of plants (Plantae). This study used quasi-experimental research with nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. This study's population was all 10thof Senior High School S of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, in the academic year grade students of 2018/2019. The technique sampling used in this study was random cluster sampling. The samples consisted of 30 students in the experimental class using the open inquiry model and 30 students in the control class using the guided inquiry model. The instrument used in this study was an essay test consisting of four questions that represent the aspects of science process skills. Analyze data use the independent-sample t-test. The results indicated a significant difference between the means of science process skills post-test of the 10th-grade students in the material of plants. The percentage of N-gain score in the experimental class categorized to low was 0%, categorized to moderate was 17%, and categorized to high was 83%. The most influential aspect of integrated science process skills in the experimental class is communication with 95,33. To sum up, the open inquiry learning model is useful in the 10th-grade students' integrated science process skills, particularly the aspect of communication in plants' material.


In this work, an optical telescope has been designed, simulated and constructed for a picosecond-Light Detection And Ranging (ps-LIDAR) system. A modelocked Nd:YAG laser system producing 30 ps laser pulses enables a maximum range resolution of 5 mm, required for high resolution, single-ended, combustion diagnostics utilizing the ps-LIDAR technique. The telescope is Newtonian type with a spherical primary mirror d = 10 cm, f = 45 cm. The primary mirror can be positioned, using a linear electric translator, to focus backscattered radiation onto a stationary detector (streak camera with or without spectrometer) for any measurement point including the neareld (≥ 0.5 m). The detectable range interval can be varied between 0.03 and 3 m. The telescope can also be used in fareld mode. Initial work using the ray trace software FRED created a basis for constructing the telescope. The purpose of the simulation was to study a situation applicable in the laboratory. A simulation of the signal collected from a LIDAR measurement in ambient air was conducted. The focus of the telescope was set at 1.7 m, capturing an interval of 1.8 m centered about the focus. The simulation was then compared to an equivalent measurement in the laboratory with good agreement. The spatial intensity distribution on the streak camera slit was also simulated and compared to measurements in the laboratory with good agreement. The overall FRED simulation consistency can be considered to be satisfactory and proved to be a valuable tool in this project. These initial results indicate a promising future for the ps-LIDAR technique. It has a strong potential to be further developed by implementing, for example, di erential absorption LIDAR (DIAL) measurements allowing species speci c concentration determination.


The study reviewed the status of motorcycle crash bars with emphasis on their possible effectiveness in preventing injuries to motorcycle riders. A literature search and review was undertaken. Manufacturers data on crash bars and motorcycles were assembled. The review of accident data indicates that lower leg injuries may have serious disabling consequences for the victim. Possible effectiveness of production crash bars in reducing the severity of these injuries cannot be determined from the present data base. Several research studies related to motorcycle safety were also reviewed. Performance data on production crash bars are not available in the literature. Results for experimental injury countermeasure devices for motorcycles intended to provide improved lateral protection to riders do not appear to be applicable to current production crash bars. Because of information voids in several areas, it is presently not possible to assess the possible effectiveness of production motorcycle crash bars.


phonon scattering. 12 In the present study we perform transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations of the SrZnSb2 compound. We show that planar defects are present, but that these are not due to twinning. Instead, the defects are out-of-phase boundaries created by rigid shifts in the b–c plane of the material. These defects are discussed in light of the similar SrZnBi2 compound, and we report on calculations of the energetics of the observed defects. Furthermore, the effect of FIG. 1. (Color online) The crystal structure of (a) SrZnSb2 and (b) SrZnBi2. The arrangement of Zn and Sb/Bi atoms is very similar in the two structures, while the sequence of Sr atoms is different. A rigid shift of half the unit cell by the vector [0 1=2 1=2] would give similar arrangement of Sr atoms, while


T HE HARDEST PART of being a pioneer is remaining a contemporary," Morton D. Zabel wrote of Sandburg in I936 It has been Sandburg's misfortune to see his own reputation decline during the dozen years since his most successful poetry was published. Rising to fame in the excitement of the "Little Renaissance," he ccontinued during the '20's and '30's to be popular among readers who take their poetry seriously. When the lyricism of Aiken, Cummings and Millay set the boom decade to music, Carl Sandburg described deserted city brickyards where "Fluxions of yellow and dusk on the waters / Make a wide dreaming pansy of an old pond in the night." When the depression gave poetry of social protest its short-lived hour, Sandburg found his fame greater than it had ever been. He had been protesting for twenty years; the old lines in "Hog butcher for the world" sounded still fresh, while those of Masters and Lindsay, his fellow-rebels of the "Little Renaissance," seemed naive and quaintly dated. From the beginning an accurate observer of the urban scene, Sandburg had made city life the surface as well as the subject of his poetry. His was a realistic voice which caught the cacaphonous choruses of "the mob-the crowd-the mass" and made a new poetry, in a new form, from the jangling noises about our ears. Sandburg has a following still, but it no longer numbers many of modern poetry's serious readers. The loose, proselike surface, the flat, colloquial diction, and the apparent lack of organization and of intensity in his verse have alienated those who see Eliot, Pound, and Wallace Stevens as the chief poetic spokesmen of the contemporary dilemma. "The age demanded an image / Of its accelerated grimace," Pound told us when the age had scarcely begun; within a few short years Sandburg's image for the age seemed singularly inappropriate. He had made an ab-


The notion of Krull dimension of an R-module which is now one of the basic tools in the theory of right Noetherian rings, see [5], [9] and [19], was first introduced by Rentschler and Gabriel [6], was modified by Krause [15] and systematically studied by Gordon and Robson [6]. The dual of this dimension which measures the deviation of an R-module from Noetherianness was first introduced and studied by Lemonnier [16] and called by him codeviation. Later, Chambless [3] undertook a systematic study of the notion of dual Krull dimension and called it N-dimension. The first author also extensively studied this dimension in his Ph.D. thesis and called it Noetherian dimension, see [10]. Roberts [21], calls this dimension again Krull dimension and proves that this dimension is finite for Artinian modules over quasi-local rings. More recently, this dimension was called Noetherian dimension by Kirby [14] and he has shown that the above result of Roberts holds for Artinian modules over any commutative ring. Although it was shown by


The detection of concurrent JAK2V617F and BCR-ABL mutations is uncommon; an incidence of 2.5% is reported in the literature. Scarce data indicate that the coexistence of JAK2V617F mutation and BCR-ABL translocation may denote an adverse prognostic factor for CML. Recently, the occurrence of novel Calreticulin (CALR) mutations in JAK2/MPL unmutated ET or PMF was reported. To our knowledge, no CALR mutations have been described so far in the context of BCR-ABL positive MPNs. We present 3 cases with molecularly defined diagnosis of another type of MPN in addition to Ph+ CML, including one patient with the novel finding of a CALR mutation in conjunction with the BCR-ABLtranslocation, and we infer a possible mechanism for the emergence of a second MPN clone upon treatment of the initial MPN. A 32 yr old female was diagnosed in 1999 with ET on the basis of marked thrombocytosis in the absence of any underlying cause. She was treated with INF-α and subsequently with anagrelide. Six years later (2005) and while the CBC was normal, cytogenetic and molecular studies disclosed the presence of Ph1 chromosome in 4/20 metaphases and BCR-ABL transcripts (7.2% IS, e15a2). Imatinib was initiated and after 3 months CCyR and MMR were achieved. Due to an increasing platelet count one year later, a trephine biopsy was performed that was compatible with ET. Hydroxyurea (HU) was added to treatment. No JAK2V617F mutation was detected. Fifteen years after the initial presentation, a CALR exon 9 mutation was retrospectively detected in all available samples since diagnosis of CML. The mutant allele burden has remained stable during follow-up, while patient being in MR4 with regard to CML. A 50 yr old woman was diagnosed with PV in 1998. Cytogenetic studies were normal and BCR-ABL was undetectable. JAK2V617F homozygous mutation was present on retrospective testing. A complete hematologic remission was achieved with phlebotomy and HU. Ten years later, re-evaluation due to an increasing WBC disclosed the presence of Ph1 chromosome in 20/20 metaphases and BCR-ABL transcripts (38.4% IS, e15a2). Interestingly, JAK2V617F was not detected. After 4 months of treatment with TKI plus HU, a 2-log BCR-ABL reduction was noted, while JAK2V617F was detected again at a heterozygous state. She received sequentially all 3 first available TKIs due to intolerance. Upon TKI treatment for 9 months, CCyR and MMR were achieved in parallel with emergence of JAK2V617F homozygosity. After achieving MR4 for more than 2 years, the TKI was discontinued and, 3 months later, the patient remains in MR4 with persistent JAK2V617F homozygosity. Due to splenomegaly and increased Hct, treatment with HU is continuously required. An 80 yr old female was diagnosed with chronic phase CML [Ph1+, BCR-ABL (35.5% IS, e15a2)]. She achieved mCyR and 1-log reduction of BCR-ABL levels after 6 months on imatinib. Due to imatinib failure, she was switched to nilotinib at 9 months. Two years after initial diagnosis, while CML was in MMR, an increase in Hct and platelets was noticed and JAK2V617F heterozygosity was detected. Retrospective analysis did not reveal JAK2V617F mutation at diagnosis and on the 3-month sample, while low level of mutant V617F allele was detected on the 6-month sample. Increasing levels of mutant versus wild type allele were detected in all subsequent samples. The patient was treated with phlebotomy, HU and ASA in addition to nilotinib. She died 4 years after initial diagnosis from an unrelated cause while in MR4 for CML and complete hematologic remission for PV. Despite these cases seem to be uncommon, they raise intriguing issues regarding the clonal origins of distinct molecular types of MPNs present in the same patient. They may also challenge the traditional hypothesis of evolution of one type of MPN to another. Instead of perceiving clinical and genetic features of second MPN as simple evolution of a precedent MPN, our cases suggest an alternative explanation based on pre-existence of two different MPN clones. Treatment for the initial MPN, especially with highly-efficient targeted agents (like TKIs for Ph+ CML) may facilitate the emergence of a second clone and vice versa. In conclusion, any divergent manifestations in a patient with MPN may warrant further investigation of genetic markers suggestive of an additional MPN entity. A high level of suspicion for the possibility of coexistence Ph+ and Ph- MPN may result in a more comprehensive treatment approach and optimal outcome. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


The algorithm of calculation and search of optimal calculation variant of cage rotor induction motors with stator and rotor slots of rectangular shape has been proposed. The developed algorithm contains minimal amount of modified variables: induction in an air gap, width of standard rectangular conductor slot, a number of efficient conductors in stator slot and the width of rotor slot; it allows decreasing substantially the amount of calculation variants and using the full enumeration method for searching optimal calculation variant satisfying the purpose function.


The aim of this paper was to observe bcl-2 and bax gene expression and apoptosis and to study the correlation between bcl-2 and bax gene expression and apoptotic index in the samples from patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma following radiotherapy. Apoptosis was detected with TUNEL method. It was found that the bax gene expression and apoptotic index in cervical carcinoma significantly increased ( p 0.05 and p 0.01, respectively) after 10Gy irradiation compared with those of pre-therapy. However, the bcl-2 gene expression had no obvious change ( p 0.05). Our data suggested that the bcl-2 and bax gene cooperative expression was related unobviously with spontaneous apoptosis, but obviously with radiation-induced apoptosis( p 0.05, r =0.5264) in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma.


We discuss technical project of computer automatic control system for four irrigation districts of the floodgate and pumping stations in Shanghai Songjiang.The system structure、monitoring system、control center and system features of computer automatic control systems are analyzed in detail. The floodgate、pumping stations of the automatic control systems support for the base in Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition of the water source in Shanghai disctric or others.


Recently, botulinum toxin type B (BT-B) has become available to treat muscle hyperactivity in cervical dystonia (CD). When we started the clinical use of BT-B, we noticed a side effect profile not seen with botulinum toxin type A (BT-A) before. Altogether 30 consecutive patients were included in this open controlled study. 24 patients were treated for CD with 11,310 ± 2,616 mouse units (MU) of BT-B (NeuroBloc®) and 6 for focal hyperhidrosis (HH) with 4,000–10,000 MU. In 5 of them, BT-A (Botox®) was used additionally for comparison of effectiveness. In CD, side effects consisted of dryness of mouth (total 21, duration 4.4 ± 2.0 weeks, 10 severe, 7 moderate, 4 mild), accommodation difficulties (7), conjunctival irritation (5), reduced sweating (4), swallowing difficulties (3), heartburn (3), constipation (3), bladder voiding difficulties (2), head instability (1), dryness of nasal mucosa (1) and thrush (1). In HH, side effects consisted of accommodation difficulties (4), dryness of mouth (2) and conjunctival irritation (1). Autonomic side effects occur far more often after BT-B than after BT-A. Their localization suggests systemic BT-B spread. BT-B should be applied carefully in patients with pre-existent autonomic dysfunction, additional anticholinergic treatment and in conditions where anticholinergics are contraindicated.


Implict learning is an aware,unperceivable, sensitive and complicated rule of study.It can have an effect on the language study.The article elaborates how to activate implict learning in the ethnic student's Chinese study,in order to find more effective way to improve student's study ability.


Since the introduction of the Babcock test for milkfat, over a century ago, milkfat has been the most valued constituent of milk and the predominant variable in our existing pricing system. Milk has basically been priced on the value of its milkfat and the remaining nonfat or skim milk portion. The skim milk component, however, has been subject to few price adjustments. During the last several years a number of market developments have fundamentally changed the character of the marketplace. Some are long term trends that have recently accelerated, such as the increasing consumer demand for lowfat milk and dairy products. Others may be more recent, such as the interest in calcium. The current health and nutrition fads have increased consumer dietary concerns and have encouraged a sharp increase in demand for new lowfat and nonfat milk and dairy products (i.e. lowfat frozen yogurt, light ice cream, etc.). This trend is expected to continue, and will further reduce milkfat values relative to nonfat solids. During the 1970s, both the Dairy Price Support Program (DPSP) and Federal Milk Marketing Order (FMMO) policies tended to increase the price of skim milk and nonfat solids relative to the price of milkfat, but this trend stalled during the massive build-up of U.S. government and world stocks of NDM during the early 1980s. More recently, as a result of European dairy quotas and our own Dairy Termination Program (DTP) these stockpiles have been dramatically reduced. For a period during 1988-1989, tightened international markets for nonfat dry milk strengthened world prices allowing domestic production to again be competitive in overseas markets. The resulting strong export demand contributed greatly to gains in U.S. dairy markets. The world market for nonfat dry milk did weaken, however, during 1990 and 1992. On the other hand, generally weak markets for cream-based products have resulted in a recurring build-up of CCC butter inventories, which prompted USDA decisions tilting CCC purchase prices toward NDM and away from butter. 1


The Debye potential formalism is a simple and elegant method of representing and analyzing radiation fields in classical electromagnetism. Despite this, there are a number of unanswered questions about the formalism. One of these, the transformation properties of the potentials under Lorentz boosts, is dealt with in this article.


3 groups of children (64 urban French-Canadians, 62 rural schooled Rwandese, 64 rural unschooled Rwandese) were tested on their conservation and perception of length in order to determine whether Piaget's (1969) interpretation of the relation between the two tasks might be generalized to children differing in ethnic origin, urbanization, and schooling The results did not confirm Piaget's main findings on the importance of the upper protruding line and on the superiority of preoperational over operational children in the perceptual estimation of length. In spite of wide difference between the three groups on the perceptual task (overestimation of the variable line by French-Canadians, overestimation of the standard by schooled Rwandese, no systematic error in unschooled Rwandese) and on the conceptual task (operational level attained first by French-Canadians, then by schooled Rwandese and finally by unschooled Rwandese), the perception of length was not decisively influenced by the protrusion of the upper line and was significantly better for operational than for preoperational children for all three groups.


PurposeThe study aims to explore the parameters that affect the purchase behavior of green consumers.Design/methodology/approachA mixed methodology concurrent study was adopted involving questionnaire-based empirical study along with a qualitative study to capture the lived experiences of the respondents. Inferences were drawn to understand green consumer behavior in a holistic way.FindingsWhile conducting in-depth interviews, many recurring themes emerged, such as environmentally friendly, health-conscious, price, government initiatives, youngsters' inclination, general awareness, family influence/traditions, quality, advertisement and social concern. A concurrent quantitative study was conducted, which established altruism, environmental awareness and social factor and influence as significant parameters, which had an impact on green consumer behavior.Practical implicationsWhile designing green products, this study will enable marketers to innovate their products and services based on the intricate insights that have come out of the study.Originality/valueThe study seeks to give deep insights into green consumer behavior that may help academics and marketers to understand the phenomenon better.


The contamination of arsenic (As) and other heavy metal (HMs) in soil
causes serious health hazard to the ecosystem. In this work, the contamination
of As and other heavy metals (i.e. Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb) in rhizospheric soil of 14 plants of the
severely As contaminated area of Central India is described. Among them, high
content of As in the rhizospheric soils was observed, ranging from 0.22 to 4.60
g/kg with mean value of 1.6 ± 0.7 g/kg. The concentration variation, enrichment
indices and toxicities of the metals in the soil are described.


Singing is the way words or phrases are memorized, by singing that students can sing according to the songs they like. Intended in how to sing so students can develop their abilities and singing also students can express what they think or their souls because singing is part of emotional expression. In this way students use activities to memorize vocabulary by repeating and continuing to sing so students can memorize. This study aims to identify how to apply and influence the use of singing methods to improve student vocabulary efficiency.
                    This research was carried out at the Bojonegoro Islamic High Enlightenment Institute using Quantitative Research Methods, researchers used data collection methods for questionnaires and gave pre-test and post-test to students from the Department of Arabic Language Teaching at the Bojonegoro Islamic Enlightenment Institute.If the researcher sees the results of the analysis with a test that knows that 8.0577 t_0 is greater than t5% 2.23 and t1% 2.85 this shows that the null hypothesis (H0) is returned, and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is acceptable. In other words, there is a difference between the pretest and posttest results using the singing method to improve the efficiency of memorizing vocabulary.


Recently, many countries, including Egypt, sought to establish new sustainable cities, in addition to improving the outdoor spaces in the existing cities to achieve the criterion of sustainable cities. This is in contrast to the high energy consumption in residential buildings because of raising in comfort requirements and living standards. Hence, there is a need to investigate the influence of passive strategies on outdoor and indoor thermal comfort in the present time and predict their efficiency for facing the upcoming climate change in the two future periods 2050 and 2080. Consequently, this study proposes a coupled-simulation methodology to study the impact of a set of outdoor and building passive strategies, within 2 stages; a) simulation of outdoor thermal comfort by Envi-met software and b) simulation of indoor thermal by using DesignBuilder in 2020, 2050 and 2080. The main aim of this study is improving outdoor and indoor thermal of residential buildings and energy consumption rationalization in a new desert city in Egypt.


The optimal operation for Siewert type II cancers is unclear, with both oesophagectomy and total gastrectomy being undertaken. This study aimed to investigate the overall survival and associated operative outcomes of both approaches.

 A retrospective cohort study was performed of all Siewert type II Gastro-Oesophageal Junctional (GOJ) resections from a single oesophagogastric centralised service between 2010 and 2017. The primary outcome was 5-year overall survival (OS). Secondary outcomes were recurrence rate and operative morbidity.

 A total of 163 patients were included; 127 (77.9%) oesophagectomy vs. 36 (22.1%) gastrectomy. The 5-year OS for oesophagectomy vs. gastrectomy were 50.4% vs 41.7% with a median survival of 57 months vs. 31 months respectively (p = 0.062). No differences in the rate of recurrence (44.9% vs. 33.3%, p = 0.216) or overall rate of complications (63.8% vs. 63.9%, p = 0.990) were identified. Yet, significantly more major (Clavien-Dindo III+) complications occurred in the gastrectomy compared to the oesophagectomy cohort (38.9% vs. 20.5%, p = 0.012), driven partially by a higher anastomotic leak rate (19.4% vs 9.4%, p = 0.099). Cox regression revealed no significant difference in the 5-year OS between the two groups when accounting for confounders (HR 0.906, 95% CI 0.339-2.060, p = 0.814). Only age (HR 0.971, 95% CI 0.944-0.999, p = 0.046) and pT stage (HR 1.794, 95% CI 1.097-2.935, p = 0.020) were determinants of 5-year OS.

 When accounting for confounders there were no significant differences in the overall survival based on the two approaches. Further multi-centre prospective studies would be advantageous to establish a consensus on the best approach.


Shape and size of the body, color's beauty and its healthy condition are among the main factors for selling of ornamental fish in the market. Researchers have tended to use herbal additives as growth promoter and immune stimulator agents. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of turmeric powder (Curcuma longa) as a dietary supplement for the ornamental fish Green Terror (Andinocara rivulatus) on growth and feed performance, survival rate, and hematologic parameters. In this regard, 144 specimens with average weight of 1.53±0.22 (g) were obtained and the hypotheses were studied with four iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous diets containing 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 percent of turmeric powder, formulated with Win feed 2.8 software. Along the period of 100 days, the fish were biometry every 20 days, and at the end of the trial, blood examination test was performed. Results showed that the fish fed with diet contains 0.3% turmeric powder (T3) had better growth performance, FCR, condition factor and survival rate specification, but no significant differences observed between the treated and control groups (p>0.05). RBC, PCV, hemoglobin, MCHC were increased not significantly (p>0.05), whereas WBC increased significantly in T3 compare to the other groups (p<0.05). MCH and MCV were decreased non-significant in groups fed by supplemented diets compare to the control group (p>0.05). Applying turmeric powder at the level of 0.3 percent of the basal diet could not alter the growth indices significantly but could altered the hematological parameters with emphasis on WBC.


Summary. The concentrations of total and free progesterone, oestradiol‐17β, and cortisol were measured in the plasma of 24 pregnant women from 10–17 days prepartum, during labour. and for 2–3 days postpartum. All the women were delivered vaginally, and their hormonal profiles were similar, whether they initiated labour spontaneously (n=11) or were induced by rupture of the fetal membranes (n=13). Before labour, the plasma concentrations of total radioimmunoassayable progesterone, oestradiol‐17β and cortisol were 557 3 (SEM 70.3) nmol/l and 590 0 (SEM 76.7) nmol/l, 94 3 (SEM 18.7) nmol/l and 111 6 (SEM 19.8) nmol/l, and 1087.2 (SEM 103.7) nmol/l and 1020 7 (SEM 100.7) nmol/l, for the spontaneous and induced groups, respectively. During labour progesterone and oestradiol‐17β declined in maternal plasma to around 130 nmol/l and 30 nmol/l in both groups by the end of the third stage. The free fractions of progesterone and oestradiol‐ 17β remained constant throughout labour and over the entire study period at 2–3% and 1–2%, respectively. Total plasma cortisol rose to 1243.7 (SEM 83.3) nmol/l (P<0.02, spontaneous group) and 1247.5 (SEM 97.4) nmol/l (P<0 001, induced group) by the end of the first stage of labour. Concomitantly, free cortisol increased from 4.5–5.5% to 7.2–8 2% over this period so that its concentration increased by approximately 2 5‐fold in both groups of women during labour. We conclude that the total and physiologically‐active free concentrations of progesterone and oestradiol‐17β in maternal plasma do not change immediately before the onset of labour. That is, the onset of human parturition does not involve 'progesterone withdrawal' or 'oestrogen augmentation' in peripheral plasma. Total and free concentrations of cortisol are elevated in maternal plasma during labour possibly due to maternal stress.


Objective: To explore the nature of menstrual-related migraine (MRM) in adolescent females
Background: Adult females with MRM have higher disability scores than those with nonmenstrual-related migraine (nonMRM), and their menstrual headaches are more disabling, longer, and more difficult to treat than nonmenstrual headaches. MRM occurs in adolescent females but little is known about MRM in this age group and whether this migraine subtype behaves in the same way it does in adults.
Design/Methods: Retrospective data on adolescent and young adult females who report having started menarche and were treated for migraine at the Cincinnati Children's Headache Center was reviewed. Treatment occurred at the Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC). Standardized forms were used to record medical information from each patient and entered into a clinical-research database.
Results: Of the 3,259 menarchal females seen in the outpatient headache center, 1092 (33.5[percnt]) self-reported MRM, 1556 (47.7[percnt]) denied a menstrual pattern and 611 (18.7[percnt]) were unsure. In comparing those with MRM with those with nonMRM, there was no significant difference in average severity (6.5 v. 6.4), average duration (12.7 v. 12.0 hours), and PedMIDAS (50.9 v. 50.9). Monthly frequency at first visit was slightly higher in the nonMRM group (17.7 v. 19.7). There was also no significant difference at subsequent follow up visits between MRM and nonMRM in improvement in average severity or duration, headache frequency, or PedMIDAS. Of the 1,273 menarchal females requiring IV treatment for status migrainosus, only 183 (14.3[percnt]) reported that the current migraine was associated with a menstrual period and 419 (32.9[percnt]) were unsure.
Conclusions: In contrast to reports in adults, MRM in adolescents does not appear to be more disabling, more severe, or more difficult to treat than nonMRM. Further analysis examining by age strata may be able to identify when the transition to the adult pattern occurs. Disclosure: Dr. Hagler has nothing to disclose. Dr. O9Brien has received research support from Labry. Dr. Kabbouche has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kacperski has nothing to disclose. Dr. Powers has nothing to disclose. Dr. Hershey has received personal compensation in an editorial capacity for Headache and Cephalalgia.


Inkjet printing has grown from printing of graphic pattern or nonfunctional features into "printing beyond color." Specifically, the increased knowledge and experience in producing nanoparticle inks has opened up new applications for industrial inkjet printing.


To enhance the stability of anthocyanins in blackberry juice,the co-pigmentation effects of exogenous caffeic acid and ferulic acid on anthocyanins in blackberry juice were investigated using visible absorption spectra and HPLC-DAD-MS.The results showed that both caffeic acid and ferulic acid could significantly increase the absorption intensity(Aλmax) and its wavelength(λmax) of anthocyanins in blackberry juice.These phenomena suggested occurrence of co-pigmentation effects of caffeic acid and ferulic acid on anthocyanins in blackberry juice.The co-pigmentation intensity depended on duration and concentrations of caffeic acid and ferulic acid.Two new anthocyanin derivatives(cyanidin-3-glucoside-4-vinylcatechol and cyanidin-3-dioxalylglucoside-4-vinylcatechol) and three new anthocyanin derivatives(cyanidin-3-glucoside-4-vinylguaiacol,cyanidin-3-dioxalylglucoside-4-vinylguaiacol and cyanidin-3-glucoside-arabinoside-4-vinylguaiacol) were observed in blackberry juice with HPLC-DAD-MS analysis by adding caffeic acid and ferulic acid,respectively.


The color ring phenomenon observed at a white LED with a beam-spreading optics was numerically treated by angular spectrum analysis, and could be explained with the incoincidence of emission points of blue and yellow lights.


The determination of the Islamic calendar system still relies on the Gregorian calendar, so until now, there is no Islamic calendar system prevailing in the international scale. By making function based on synodic period of the Moon, Wada Date (Julian Date version of the Islamic calendar) can be made, and in the end, the Islamic calendar which based purely on the position of the Moon can be reconstructed. The purpose of this modelling is to create an Islamic calendar that has a higher accuracy than the Islamic calendar that we use today. The method that we chose here is the study of literature with the resources that come from articles, books, and internet. As for the analysis of its own data, we chose the numerical analysis method to approach the results of synodic period of the Moon data. From this analysis, we obtained a fact that the graph of synodic period of the Moon turned out to resemble a specific function. Based on the graph from original data, we selected two functions to approach this graph, and we named it the Fourier function and the Moon Phase function. Furthermore, these two functions will be compared to determine which of these functions will be selected. The function that has been selected will be used to make Wada Date which will be used to search for the length of each month in the Islamic calendar. If we have got the length of each month, the last process is to map out the dates for the month to a matrix that would produce an Islamic calendar.


In this paper we study the practical procedure for getting the maximumlikelihood estimates in a semi-parametric regression model with interval censored data.On the basis of the on previous theoretical results, we give the detailed algorithms when there are one or two covariates in the model.


One of the urgent tasks of the state's policy towards Russian youth is the development and implementation of an effective model of political socialization of young citizens of the country. Due to the current trends in the political process, the importance of strengthening the connection between youth and the state authorities is increasing, which requires the development of new priorities of state strategies in the field of support for young generations. The purpose of the article is to make a systematic analysis of the state and features of the activities of state institutions in determining the key directions of modernization of youth policy. Research methods: historical, comparative and dialectical methods, the method of content analysis are used to acheive this goal. Research results: the article argues that the insufficient efficiency of the state strategies in relation to the youth environment, characteristic of the post-Soviet period, can be explained in the mechanical adherence to the postulates of the liberal doctrine, justifying the reduction of social obligations of the authorities to society. On the other hand, increasing the efforts of the state in the field of political socialization of youth leads to constructive results in the sector of relations "youth-society-state". As an example, an overview of the nomination of new priorities of state policy towards youth, which took place during the preparation of the meeting of the State Council of the Russian Federation in December 2022, is given. It is concluded that the main directions of improving youth policy are dictated by the national interests of modern Russia and have objective prospects for practical implementation.


Based on thepracticalproject of Yinhuang prophase engineering double shield TBM construction in Shanxi province, discussed the formulation and optimization for quality estimation table of double shield TBM excavation and lining engineering, formulated corresponding quality estimation table and illuminated how to fill in the table.


The persistence of wide-ranging mammals such as Asian elephants in fragmented landscapes requires extending conservation efforts into human-dominated landscapes around protected areas. Understanding how elephants use such landscapes may help facilitate their movements and reduce conflict incidence. We studied elephants' use of fragmented habitats and ranging patterns of focal herds in a landscape of rainforest fragments embedded in tea, coffee, and Eucalyptus plantations in the Anamalai Hills. Elephant herds entering this landscape were tracked daily between April 2002 and March 2006, resulting in 985 GPS locations of herds obtained across six major habitats. Natural vegetation in rainforest fragments and riparian habitats, despite low coverage in the landscape, was preferred by elephants during the day. At night, elephants preferred riparian vegetation, avoided other habitats such as swamps and settlements, while the remaining habitats were used proportional to availability. Use of rainforest fragments and riparian vegetation increased over three years of study with a corresponding decline in the use of tea monoculture. Among plantation habitats, coffee, and Eucalyptus were used significantly more during wet and dry seasons, respectively. The concentration of elephants along a major riparian system in the center of the landscape emphasized the role of water and food availability in habitat use during the dry season. Protection of rainforest fragments, secondary vegetation along rivers, and regulated and sequential felling (instead of clear-felling) of Eucalyptus along elephant movement routes will help retain forage, cover, and passage routes of elephant herds and may reduce direct human-elephant encounters in such fragmented landscapes.


In recent years, sports and insurance industries develop very fast in China, but the industry of sports insurance doesn't develop so well. How to develop sports insurance in China is an urgent problem to be solved. This essay mainly discusses the necessity and possibility of development of sports insurance, and then points out some problems we have to face in this field, and further on gives some suggestions on how to develop the industry of sports insurance.


Recent studies have suggested that fibromyalgia is inaccurately diagnosed in the community, and that ~75% of persons reporting a physician diagnosis of fibromyalgia would not satisfy published criteria. To investigate possible diagnostic misclassification, we compared expert physician diagnosis with published criteria.


Robotic arms are the most common robotic configuration used in both industrial and non-industrial applications. This paper presents the overall procedure which was developed in a technical educational institution laboratory for designing and constructing an electro-pneumatic robotic arm. The paper begins with the design of the robotic arm and its kinematic analysis. Next, the paper describes the electronic, mechanical and pneumatic subsystems developed. Furthermore, the system control software environment is presented. Key-Words: Robotic Arm, Electro-Pneumatic Control, LabView.


The variational iteration method (VIM) is a powerful tool for solving large amount of problems. In this article, the variational iteration method has been used to obtain exact solutions of the two-dimensional diffusion equation. The idea of variational iteration method was first introduced by He in 1997 [1]. The variational iteration method, a correction functional is constructed by a general Lagrange multiplier which can be identified via a variational theory. The variational iteration method has successfully been applied to many situations [2-5]. Tow illustrative examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the present method.


Inflatable wings provide a compact alternative for aircraft that need to fit into small volumes before deployment, such as backpack unmanned aircraft or rocket-delivered air vehicles. Common inflatable designs use inflation chambers separated by spanwise baffles, generating a naturally undulating airfoil surface. Early wind tunnel tests of these designs showed evidence that separation over these airfoils was reduced compared to their smooth counterparts. Subsequent efforts to replicate these advantages computationally have proven ambiguous—while under certain conditions the inflatable airfoil may improve the lift-todrag characteristics of the wing, in other conditions the inflatable profile appears detrimental. Currently, these wings are being investigated through a combination of twodimensional and three-dimensional simulations and physical experiments. The initial targets of these comparisons are moderate Reynolds number (~10 5 ) flows, comparable to known flight conditions of inflatable wing UAVs. This places the flows in a naturally transitional regime, presenting additional complications in attempting to reconcile the results for these different investigative techniques.


Employing a time-dependent mean-field-hydrodynamic model we study the generation of black solitons in a degenerate fermion-fermion mixture in a cigar-shaped geometry using variational and numerical solutions. The black soliton is found to be the first stationary vibrational excitation of the system and is considered to be a nonlinear continuation of the vibrational excitation of the harmonic oscillator state. We illustrate the stationary nature of the black soliton, by studying different perturbations on it after its formation.


Writers, poets, and artists often use different techniques in their art to attract audiences and conquer the hearts of the public, but few techniques accepted by audience. The subject of this article is to examine the secrets of Saadi's speech in Golestan. To this end, in a descriptive-analytic manner, in library form and after a preliminary mention to Golestan's introduction, the main themes are characterized by clear language as honesty, diversity, realism, rhyme and mastery. In presenting the material, through mentioned factors, we have stated that the Golestan has been able to have a deep degree of general and specific gratitude and to be a conduit for many people's psychological well-being. The result is that not only the thought is enough to write a work, but also the way it is presented and the choice of explicit and simple language and its components are very effective in assent of audience. This is the endorsement of Saadi's speech in Golestan.


In French, subject doubling is "quite common" (e.g. Nadasdi 1995, Auger 1998, Thibault 1983, Zahler 2014) but in English it is rare (Southard & Muller 1998). Yet when anglophones speak French, they use subject doubling with French patterns (Nagy et al. 2003). In this paper, we analyze subject doubling in English in a bilingual French-English town. Usinga large corpus and statistical modelling, we show that thereis no difference between language groups, and neither sex, education nor job type are significant. The nature of the subject is the major predictor of doubling and there is a significant decrease among middle-aged speakers, suggesting mid-life social pressures on vernacular norms. Although subject doubling is low frequency, it is not stable across generations in the different language origin groups. While subject doubling may be a feature of vernacular dialects more generally, involving marking focus or topic marking as reported in other languages, in Kapuskasing when anglophones use it, they are accommodating to French patterns.


The aim of the study was to test the work of plugins for segmentation and virtual resection of focal liver lesions based on CT data. Materials and methods. Analysis of CT data of the abdominal organs with bolus contrast enhancement in 80 patients with focal liver lesions was carried out. Segmentation and 3D-modeling of the CT data was carried out by radiologists and the surgeon in the 'Autoplan' system. Results. The nosological structure of the liver in patients was determined (the most common were hemangiomas in 21.25% of 80 patients, cysts in 20%, parasitic cysts in 20%, etc.), according to the computed tomography results. The segmentation of the liver, its focal lesions, arteries, and veins was carried out using the 'Autoplan' system. The surgeon determined the volume of the parenchyma and focal liver formations using the standard function 'volume of segmentation', chose the optimal treatment tactics, and performed a virtual liver resection. In some cases, the use of segmentation and preoperative planning made it possible to avoid an inefficient surgery. The effectiveness of modeling changed the treatment tactics of 42 patients. Conclusion. The obtained results indicate that the use of the 'Autoplan' system plugins for planning an abdominal surgery allows doctors: 1) to carry out segmentation of the liver, focal lesions, and blood vessels; 2) to determine the location of a focal formation in a particular segment, their combinations; 3) to perform a virtual resection, evaluate the structures passing through it; 4) to choose the optimal tactics of intervention or abandon it due to objective anatomical reasons.


Throughout the first decades of 20th century different scholars will be insist on the importance of students' training and educating as a strategy to define and institutionalize the spaces of scientific practices. In order to analyze this process in the Argentinean anthropological context will consider the first physical anthropology dissertations submitted at the national universities of Buenos Aires and La Plata, supervised by the German anthropologist Robert LehmannNitsche (1872-1938). The examination of these materials, together with Lehmann-Nitsche's private letters, allow us to propose the absence of a systematic plan in order to institutionalize and professionalize the anthropological practices. Finally we consider the personal reasons that lead to Lehmann-Nitsche to supervise these dissertations, among them professional visibility and protection of the obtained social and academic prestige.


Dragons seem to be becoming popular again and naturalists now think that there were dragons once upon a time! There are many stories about the Tor especially associated with the permanent spring water that tumbles into two wells: the white spring, and the red spring (so called because it has lots of iron that causes red mineral deposits). Both types of water are said to contain healthy minerals. Glastonbury is also knows as Avalon or the Island of Apples from the days when the surroundings were under water.


RECENTLY evidence has been presented which indicates that abnormalities in the lipid composition of erythrocytes, particularly of the phospholipid fraction, affect their morphology. Kates, Allison and James (1961) have suggested that human spherocytosis is caused by a genetically-determined block in the enzymatic system for the conversion of lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine to phosphatidyl ethanolamine. They infer from their analytical data that spherocytes contain an excess of lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine and go on to show that the in-vitro addition of this substance to normal erythrocytes causes sphering. Ways, Reed and Hanahan (1961) investigated the corpuscular abnormality known as acanthrocytosis. This term was first used by Singer, Fisher and Perlstein (1952) to describe the typical thorny appearance of the erythrocytes in patients suffering from a clinical syndrome comprising steatorrhoea, retinitis pigmentosa and diffuse neuropathy. Ways and his colleagues analysed the lipids in acanthrocytes from three affected patients. The principal fmding which they considered a likely cause of the corpuscular defect was a deficiency of linoleic acid in the corpuscular lipids generally, and in the l e c i t h fraction of the phospholipids in particular. In view of this conclusion it seemed of some consequence to examine the morphology of erythrocytes with low linoleic acid content not associated with other fundamental and genetically determined abnormalities as in the acanthrocytic syndrome.