A series of tests were conducted in a reduced scale typical building structure apparatus,which comprises a hallway and a side-on compartment.Oil pans of two different sizes were utilized and located at one of three typical positions(near corner,center and remote corner) in the compartment for each test.The concentration,temperature and mass data were collected synchronously and data from the quasi-steady state periods were processed.In this study,the whole compartment was taken as a control volume and parameters as neutral plane height,integrated average concentration of carbon monoxide and CO yields were used to show the smoke hazard.The relationships as smoke flow rate versus neutral plane height or heat release rate or neutral plane height versus CO integrated average concentration or yields were studied.Results showed that the smoke flow rate was correlated with the burner area,however,no correlation was found between smoke outflow rate and fire location.Data of CO integrated average mole fraction and CO yields indicated that the smoke hazard of corner-located fires,no matter the fire located at the near corner or the remote corner,was distinctly higher than the center-located fires.


One of major concerns in numerical analyses of the electromagnetic scattering properties of convex objects in the finite difference time domain(FDTD) method is the Yee cell model of the convex object.A model building method for convex object was developed based on the geometric relationship between a point and each volume cell of a convex object based on the convex geometry.According to the geometric relationship between a point and any volume cell of a convex object,a method for modeling convex object Yee cells,which is called convex geometry Yee cells model building of convex object(CGYCMBCO) method,is proposed.Results using Yee cells of four convex objects show that the CGYCMBCO method is applicable to any convex object and that the Yee cells can be easily obtained for any convex object.


As previously reported, direct current (DC) electric field can be used to control the photonic properties of polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystals (PSCLCs) with negative dielectric anisotropy, such as the position and bandwidth modulation of the selective reflection notch. This dynamic EO response of PSCLCs is explained by the field-induced deformation of the polymer stabilized networks mediated by ionic charges trapped in the polymer networks. In this poster, we report the effect of cell thickness on electro-optic response for relatively thin PSCLC samples (≤5 μm). Increasing the DC field strength shifts the reflection notch to longer wavelength (red shifting tuning) and eventually disappears at high DC fields. The tuning range is dependent on the cell thickness. The reversible transition from reflective to clear state is due to an electrically driven chirp in the pitch across the small cell gap.


The efficiency of marginal wage subsidies, which are paid only for a firm's additional employment exceeding some reference level, suffers from intra-industry competition effects. Some firms might expand employment, but mainly at the cost of crowding out employment in other firms. Hence, critics expect that marginal subsidies are equivalent to general subsidies and create large fiscal costs without much gain in employment. We develop a model that specifically focuses on the displacement effects of marginal wage subsidies. Our results show that marginal subsidies generally create larger output and employment effects and are fiscally more efficient than general subsidies despite their between-firm displacement effects.


Objective To compare the short-term outcomes of closed reduction at the supine versus side-lying position in the intramedullary nailing for femoral shaft fractures.Methods A retrospective review was conducted of 71 patients with femoral shaft fracture who had been treated with closed reduction at the supine or side-lying position before intramedullary femoral nailing from June 2007 to September 2010.They were divided into 2 groups according to their reduction position.In the supine group there were 26 men and 7 women,with an average of 39.2 ± 9.6 years,and 15 cases of type A,9 ones of type B and 9 ones of type C by the AO classification.In the side-lying group,there were 29 males and 9 females,with an average of 42.2 ± 10.1 years,and 14 cases of type A,10 ones of type B and 14 ones of type C.The 2 groups were compared in terms of operation time,intraoperative blood loss,intraoperative fluoroscopy time,cases who changed to open reduction,postoperative complications,hospital stay and fracture healing time.Results The 71 patients were followed for 12 to 36 months (average,20 months).Compared with the side-lying group,the supine group had significantly longer operation time (139.9 ±46.8 minutes versus 75.5 ± 18.1 minutes)and fluoroscopy time (191.4 ± 78.6 seconds versus 93.3 ± 27.1 seconds),and significantly more blood loss (176.5 ± 103.0 milliliters versus 132.5 ±42.7 milliliters) (P < 0.05).There were no significant differences regarding hospital stay or fracture healing time between the 2 groups (P > 0.05).Three cases changed into open reduction in the supine group and no case did in the side-lying group.No short-term complications happened after operation in the 2 groups.Conclusion In the intramedullary nailing of femoral shaft fractures,closed reduction at the side-lying position is a good alternative because it has advantages of less blood loss,shorter operation time and fluoroscopy time,fewer complications and unnecessary requirement of a traction table.

Key words:
Femoral fractures;  Fracture fixation, intramedullar;  Bone nails;  Posture


This dissertation follows a three-essay style and tackles Internet security issues from various perspectives. In Essay 1, we examine how individuals in the US and China perceive and deal with online security threats. Drawing on a synthesis of the protection motivation theory, coping theory, and cross-national research, this study conceptualizes an individual security behavior (ISB) model, which identifies cross-national differences in individual Internet users' security perceptions and behaviors. The empirical results, based on 718 survey observations collected from the general public in the US and China, show that there are, indeed, significant national differences in the perceptions of online security threats and the ways to deal with them.
In Essay 2, we present a design science-based assessment of interface design elements for anti-phishing tools. An extensive taxonomy of important design elements is constructed. A survey is used to evaluate the perceived saliency of various elements encompassed in the taxonomy. Results suggest preferred design elements could be in line with efficient information processing of human vision and indicate that existing tools often fail to consider users' preferences regarding warning design alternatives. The results of users' preferences also show the presence of a subset of design elements that could potentially be customized for the population of our sample.
In Essay 3, we propose a user-centric approach to the design of effective fake-website detection tools that could promote the use of such tools, thus reducing the success rate of fake websites. Drawing upon the protection motivation theory, we conceptualize a model to uncover how salient performance-related design elements of detection tools could influence users' perceptions of the tools, their efficacy in dealing with threats, and their use of such tools. The research method was a controlled lab experiment with a novel and extensive experimental design and protocol in two distinct domains: online pharmacies and online banks. We found that trust in the detector is the pivotal coping mechanism in dealing with security threats and is a major conduit for transforming salient performance-related design elements into increased use. Therefore, trust should be used as a critical metric to evaluate the design, assess the performance, and promote the use of fake-website detectors.


The transcriptional response to low oxygen is mainly mediated by HIFs, which are targeted for proteasomal degradation by von Hippel‐Lindau tumor suppressor protein (pVHL) under normoxia. Transgenic mice with podocyte‐specific Vhlh gene deletion were created to investigate roles of HIF stabilization in vivo, and conditionally deficient podocyte cell lines were derived for an in vitro model of hypoxia. VHL and HIF1 were functional in murine podocytes in vivo and in vitro, with HIF1 protein stabilization and target gene transcription both under hypoxia and pVHL deficiency. Podocyte‐specific Vhlh loss in young mice of mixed background led to phenotypes of glomerulomegaly and glomerulosclerosis. In parallel, hypoxia effects on podocytes in cell culture included increased susceptibility to apoptosis via apoptosis‐inducing factor (AIF). Evaluation of the global transcriptional response to hypoxia in podocytes by microarray analysis revealed an induction of genes relevant for stress response, cell‐cell, and cell‐extracellular matrix interaction, including upregulation of migration inhibitory factor (MIF). Podocytes are prone to apoptosis during hypoxia and pVHL loss, and HIF stabilization in podocytes of Vhlh‐deficient transgenic mice, mimicking in vivo hypoxia, results in glomerulopathies. A low oxygen environment of podocytes therefore contributes to glomerular diseases by altering cell survival.


Luxing 1 was selected from hybrid seedlings originated in an international cooperative apricot breeding program in early 1990s. The freestone fruit are large and oblong in shape,having an attractive orange red skin; flesh is yellow,juicy,sweet,with strong aroma,containing a soluble solids content of 12.5% and titratable acidity of 1.13%,of very good eating quality. The stone is small with a bitter kernel. The trees are suitable to be protected grown.


This article analyzes the complexity of the reception of one of the most significant Attic tragedies,
Aeschylus' Orestea. To this purpose I shall focus on the version written by the classicist
and playwright Diana de Paco, Orestiada. Cenizas de Troya, which was put on stage in the
season 2006/2008 by the theatre company Alquibla Teatro, directed by Antonio Saura.


Retailers, in particular the large supermarket chains, are the driving force behind the need for fruit growers in Australia to individually label apples. By labelling apples with either the variety name or a price look-up (PLU) number, check-out staff can identify the variety quickly, price it accordingly and minimise the amount of error made. Such allows retailers to offer consumers a wider choice of varieties. While fruit must be labelled in order to supply the large retail chains, the majority of growers, wholesale market agents, retailers and consumers do not believe that labels are any indication of better quality fruit. Nor is there any indication of labelled apples achieving a price premium, despite the additional costs. The failure of fruit growers to adhere to quality standards, poor post-harvest management, immature fruit and the lack of quality control throughout the distribution channel is responsible for the poor quality of labelled fruit offered for sale in Perth retail stores. Introduction. For the majority of horticultural products, branding seems to mean identifying a product with various types of labels (Pay, White and Zwart 1995). Bowbrick (1992) suggests that a label attached to products from a specific producer, distributor, country of origin or retailer, aims to convey information to or to persuade a potential customer about the quality, reliability, social status, value for money or safety of the product. Perceived quality, associations and a well known name may not only provide reasons to purchase and affect use satisfaction, but may also have the potential to provide significant price premiums (Aaker 1991). Perceived quality is defined as the customers perception of the overall quality or superiority of the product with respect to its intended purpose, relative to the alternatives (Aaker 1991). Perceived quality is an intangible, overall feeling about the brand, which is usually based on some underlying dimensions including such variables as product reliability and performance. However, unless the customer's use experience is consistent with the quality position, the brand image cannot be maintained and sales will decline. Prior to the advent of supermarkets, consumers purchased the majority of their fresh fruit from greengrocers (Bell 1996). Fruit was generic in that limited attempts were made to advertise or to promote brands and varieties. The consumer relied on the expertise of the proprietor to select and offer fruit that the consumer wanted to buy and the consumer knew who to approach for product information or redress if there was a problem with the product. However, with increasing costs and the subsequent move towards self-service fruit and vegetable retailing, the onus of product selection has shifted to the consumer (Flanagan 1991). Regrettably, the majority of consumers are unable to accurately judge the eating quality of the fruit that they select. In the absence of reliable brands, the only means available to the


The ATLAS experiment observes proton-proton collisions delivered by the LHC accelerator at a centre of mass energy of 7 TeV with a peak luminosity of ∼ 1033 cm−2s−1 in 2011. The ATLAS Trigger and Data Acquisition (TDAQ) system selects interesting events on-line in a three-level trigger system in order to store them at a budgeted average rate of ∼ 400 Hz for an event size of ∼ 1.2 MB. This paper focuses on the TDAQ data-logging system. Its purpose is to receive events from the third level trigger, process them and stream the data into different raw files according to the trigger decision. The system currently in production is based on an essentially single-threaded design that is anticipated not to cope with the increase in event rate and event size foreseen as part of the ATLAS and LHC upgrade programs. This design also severely limits the possibility of performing additional CPU-intensive tasks. Therefore, a novel design able to exploit the full power of multi-core architecture is needed. The main challenge of such a design is the conflict between the largely parallel nature of the data-logging event processing and the constraint of sequential file writing. In this paper, we present a thread-pool based implementation of the TDAQ data-logging software. We report here on the functionality and performance of the new system and on our development experience.


At present, the crowdsourcing-based indoor navigation system (CINS) has attracted extensive attention from both industry and academia owing to its low-cost and high-accuracy performance. Unfortunately, the system that relies on crowdsourced data is vulnerable to the collusion attack, which leads to severe security issues. To address the security issues in the CINS, we propose to utilize a fully trusted fog server platform to advocate secure transactions between service requesters and responders. First, we propose a novel reputation incentive mechanism based on the behaviors of responders. Then, we employ the offensive and defensive game to model the interactions between the fog server platform and the responders, whereby a social welfare optimization problem is formulated to maximize the social welfare of the system. Next, the game equilibriums are found by using the replicator dynamic equation while the game stability is discussed. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed mechanism can effectively encourage responders to provide positive navigation services and obtain more social welfare of the system compared with the conventional mechanisms.


Much excitement has surrounded the accelerating development of β-Ga2O3 for electronics due to its ultrawide band gap, high breakdown voltage, compatibility with many dopants, and comparative ease of producing large substrates via meltgrowth techniques. Our research has focused on growth and characterization of Czochralski (CZ) and vertical gradient freeze (VGF) single crystals of β-Ga2O3 with various dopants, including donors (Zr, Hf, Cr), acceptors (Mg, Zn, Fe, Ni, Cu), and alloying elements (Al). We find in general that doping in CZ and VGF materials can be different and sometimes non-uniform due to the interaction with crucible material (Ir), selective evaporation, and thermal profile. We have also explored the creation and identification of gallium vacancies (VGa) through annealing, by using positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS), hydrogenated Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and electrical measurements. Different analysis techniques probe different spatial and depth averages, and thus careful consideration must be given to correctly interpret results and significance of defect concentrations determined. Insights from our work to date are offered, in terms of their applicability to devices.


Although the UK electronics industry is investing heavily in flexible manufacturing technology, evidence suggests that it is not producing the expected benefits


The purpose of this paper is to explore the question "to what extent could we produce formal, machine-verifiable, proofs in real algebraic geometry?" The question has been asked before but as yet the leading algorithms for answering such questions have not been formalised. We present a thesis that a new algorithm for ascertaining satisfiability of formulae over the reals via Cylindrical Algebraic Coverings [Abraham, Davenport, England, Kremer, \emph{Deciding the Consistency of Non-Linear Real Arithmetic Constraints with a Conflict Driver Search Using Cylindrical Algebraic Coverings}, 2020] might provide trace and outputs that allow the results to be more susceptible to machine verification than those of competing algorithms.


TASK AGREEMENT NO.: J8W07090010 COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT NO. H8W07060001 EFFECTIVE DATES: 06/05/2009 09/30/2010 Introduction This study, funded by the National Park Service and in collaboration with the USDA Forest Service, supports investigation of the lichen response to atmospheric nitrogen and thereby contributes to establishment of critical loads for nitrogen deposition. In this work The Laboratory for Atmospheric Research at WSU has provided the NPS with AIRPACT-3 simulation results for nitrogen deposition in the Pacific Northwest region generally for 28 months, and for 23 forest research sites in Washington and Oregon for specific periods of measurement.


The increased popularity of Renewable Energy Sources and Electric Vehicles, the demand of battery systems has been increasing exponentially. Due to these various shortcomings of installing battery stack to the systems are being more and more reported. The biggest shortcoming of using batteries is the problem of the mismatch of the State-of-Charge of the batteries, which can lead to reduced power transfer capacity of the batteries, reduced efficiency, more losses, reduced life spans, and even potential fire hazards. This paper presents a comprehensive study and comparison of the numerous charge equalization techniques present in the literature with the aim to aid the study and further exploration of the shortcoming presented in the paper.


Transient hiccup is a common problem, usually resolves spontaneously and does not present a clinical issue. The clinical issue arises in the case of persistent (>2 days) and intractable (>1 month) hiccups which are uncommon but associated with considerable discomfort. Hiccups can arise from organic, idiopathic and psychogenic causes. The use of therapeutic drugs forms one of the important causes of hiccups. Antipsychotics are thought to be effective in the treatment of hiccups. Although the exact pathophysiological processes involved have not yet been established, the neurotransmitters dopamine, serotonin and gamma amino butyric aid (GABA) have been documented to play a significant role in the generation of hiccups. We report a patient of 66 year-old male with late-onset schizphrenia who developed persistent hiccups with switching from zuclopenthixol to the atypical antipsychotic aripiprazole . We discuss the possible underlying neurotransmitter mechanisms and the clinical implications of this rare adverse event.


Abst rac t . By regarding a nonlinear filter keystream generator as a finite input memory combiner, it is observed that a recent, important attack introduced by Anderson can be viewed as a conditional correlation attack. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the output sequence to be purely random given than the input sequence is such are pointed out and a new, so-cMled inversion attack is introduced, which may work for larger input memory sizes in comparison with the Anderson's attack. Large input memory size and use of full positive difference sets and correlation immune nonlinear filter functions are proposed as new design criteria to ensure the security against the considered attacks.


ported. During our studies on the metabolism of 5KGA by various microorganisms, it was found that certain strains of Fusarium formed L-idonic acid from 5KGA. This is the first report on L-idonic acid formation in nature. Out of a number of microorganisms examined, including various molds, yeasts and bacteria, only nine strains of Fusarium*, i.e. Fusarium lini IAM 1-7, Fusarium oxysporum IAM 1-8 and seven Fusarium species, formed L-idonic acid from 5KGA. Fusarium sp. No.125 was grown for 40•`48 hours in a potato extract medium containing 1% glucose and 0.2% monosodium glutamate or in a synthetic medium containing 5KGA as a sole carbon source, at 30•Ž on a shaker. Potassium salt of 5KGA was then added to each culture to a concentration of 1%, cotton plugs were replaced with rubber stoppers and flasks were incubated further for 20•`30 hours at 30•Ž. Concentration of L-idonic acid in the incubation mixture reached around 1.0•`4.5 mg per ml (i.e. about 10% conversion of the 5KGA added). The identification of L-idonic acid was carried out by isolation of dibenzal derivative and paperchromatography2) as follows. Cells were removed from the incubation mixture by centrifugation. The supernatant was decolorized with charcoal, passed through a column of Amberlite IR-120 (H+) and concentrated under vacuum at 15•`20•Ž to a syrup. Residual 5KGA was removed as Casalt. The syrup was used for the formation of dibenzal derivative. Crystals of the dibenzal-L-idonate obtained were recrystallized from 10% KOH solution by the addition of HCl and then from hot alcohol, and washed with ethyl-ether. The chemical properties of these needle crystals were as follows: Melting point: 214•`215.5•Ž. Anal. Found: C, 64.26%; H, 5.48%. Calcd. for C20H20O7: C, 64.52%; H, 5.38%. The infrared spectrum of these crystals and that of the synthetic dibenzal-L-idonate pre-


There is a simulator structure of the ground tests complex (GTC) presented in this paper. The transceiver is described as a complex system component. The RF holograms obtained both by simulation and laboratory checkout tests and hardware response function for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) with phase-manipulated chirp are presented.


Background : Head and neck cancer (HNC) treatment often involves extensive surgical procedures, which require patients to be hospitalized. Increased hospital stay following HNC treatment contributes substantial costs to both the patient and the hospital, and is considered an indicator of quality of care. Cost containment is at the forefront of responsible health care delivery, and one way to decrease costs is to decrease hospital length of stay (LOS). To reduce hospital LOS and decrease cost of treating HNC patients, it is important to first characterize factors associated with increased hospital LOS. However, data are lacking on factors contributing to increased LOS in patients with HNC. This study aims to examine predictors of length of stay among patients following HNC cancer treatment in a national sample. Methods : Data on 75,984 hospital records from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample 2008 – 2013 with a diagnosis of HNC using the International Classification of Diseases, ninth edition, were examined. The outcome variable, LOS, was calculated by subtracting the admission date from the discharge date, with same-day stays coded as 0. Patient level characteristics included age, sex, race, insurance type, residential income, comorbidity score, metastatic cancer status, and anatomic site. Hospital-level characteristics included hospital teaching status, hospital bed size, and hospital regional location. Weighted, multilevel generalized model was used to assess correlates of LOS. Results : Mean LOS among cases was 6.7 ± 8.0 days. The adjusted multilevel analysis indicated that patients with advanced comorbidities (b = 2.17 per 1 unit increase in Elixhauser comorbidity score, 95% CI = 1.66 – 2.69) were more likely to have a longer LOS. Compared with women, men were more likely to have a longer LOS (b = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.06, 0.33), as well as African Americans (b = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.11, 0.49) compared with Caucasians. In addition, patients with Medicaid (b = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.19, 1.58) vs. private insurance payers and those with metastatic cancer (b = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.07, 1.35) had longer LOS. Patients were more likely to have longer LOS if the sites of their cancer were floor of the mouth (b = 3.51, 95% CI = 3.12, 3.89), hypopharynx (b = 3.05, 95% CI = 2.68, 3.41), gum (b = 2.79, 95% CI = 2.34, 3.23), or larynx (b = 2.43, 95% CI = 2.15, 2.70) compared with salivary gland. Hospital-level factors also were associated with LOS among HNC patients in the adjusted multilevel model. Patients admitted to hospitals located in the South (b = -0.82, 95% CI = -1.11, -0.52), Midwest (b = -1.63, 95% CI = -1.98, -1.28), and West (b = -0.73, 95% CI = -1.08, -0.39) had shorter LOS compared with those admitted to hospitals located in the Northeast. Finally, patients admitted to a nonteaching hospital (b = -0.87, 95% CI = -1.08, -0.66), and small bed size (b = -0.95, 95% CI = -1.30, -0.60) or medium bed size (b = -0.58, 95% CI = -0.82, -0.34) hospital vs. large bed size had shorter LOS. Conclusion : Other than the index head and neck cancer, comorbidities seem to be the most important factor associated with increased patient LOS. Additionally, male patients, African Americans, those who had Medicaid insurance, had metastatic cancer, and were admitted to a teaching hospital were more likely to stay at the hospital longer. Understanding these factors associated with increased LOS will help efforts to decrease health care cost and improve quality of care. Citation Format: Eric Adjei Boakye, Betelihem B. Tobo, Jiajing Chen, Paula Buchanan, Shubhra Malik, Nosayaba Osazuwa-Peters. Multilevel factors associated with increased in-hospital length of stay among patients following head and neck cancer treatment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Tenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2017 Sep 25-28; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018;27(7 Suppl):Abstract nr A29.


It is possible with the existing computer technology to construct a machine that would be accepted as a fully intelligent and conscious entity.


This report presents the results of cooperative research between ASHRAE and GARD Analytics, Inc. The objectives of the research project were: a) to compare various unitary air-conditioning system humidity control configurations in terms of humidity control performance and operating costs; and b) develop guidelines to help identify the important application characteristics and climate factors that determine which option is most appropriate. In the appendices: section 4 humidity control options from phase I evaluation plan; detailed results of simulations; system performance data and charts.


Abstract. Prediction of sediment loss in Africa is not well developed. In most case models developed in western countries with a temperate climate do not perform well in the monsoon climate prevailing in Africa. In this paper we base our sediment prediction on a simple distributed saturated excess hydrology model that predicts surface runoff from bottom lands that become saturated during the rainy season and from severely degrade lands and interflow and base flow from the remaining portions of the landscape. By developing an equation that relate surface runoff and sediment concentration from runoff source areas assuming that base flow and interflow are sediment free, we were able to predict the daily sediment concentrations in a 113 ha Anjeni watershed in the Ethiopian Highlands with a Nash Sutcliffe efficiency ranging from 0.64–0.77 using only two calibrated sediment parameters. The daily flows were predicted with a Nash Sutcliffe efficiency values ranging from 0.80 to 0.84 based on 14% of the watershed consisted of degraded area as the only surface runoff source. The analysis seems to suggest that identifying the runoff source areas and predicting the surface runoff correctly is an important step in predicting the sediment concentration at least for the Anjeni watershed.


Can a change in content of belief explain Perry's change in behavior? What is the content of a first-person belief? How do we articulate the change in content – i.e. how do we , who are not that person and so cannot use the first-person pronoun, articulate the change?61 characterized as solely on our


Iron pyrite (FeS2) is the most widely used material for cathodes in thermal batteries, attributed to its high specific energy density and natural abundance as well as low cost. In this study, nano-sized FeS2 powders were synthesized by high-energy milling to improve electrochemical performance Li(Si)/FeS2 thermal battery, and their particle sizes, microstrain, and thermal stabilities were investigated by particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Electrochemical performance was evaluated by single-cell discharge tests. The average particle size decreased from 107 μm to 261 nm after 10 h of dry milling, resulting in microstrain on FeS2. This microstrain led to the thermal instability of the FeS2 powder, causing an increase of the open-circuit voltage of Li(Si)/FeS2 single cells. The voltage was stabilized from 2.45 V to 1.93 V, and thermal instability was mitigated by the heat treatment of the FeS2 powder up to 400°C. The electrochemical performance of the single cells fabricated with nano-sized FeS2 thermally annealed at 400°C improved by 57% as compared with that of untreated ones at a cut-off voltage of 1.4 V.


Polystyrene grafted poly(vinyl acetate) (PSt-g-PVAc) microspheres were obtained by dispersion copolymerization of PVAc macromonomer with styrene. The diameter of PSt-g-PVAc microspheres was controlled in range of 500-700nm. Polystyrene grafted poly(vinyl alcohol) (PSt-g-PVA) microspheres were derived from alkaline hydrolysis of PVAc chains on surfaces of PSt-g-PVAc microspheres in the presence of NaOH. Dispersion stability of the PSt-g-PVA microspheres was increased in water. The CB functional microspheres were prepared via the nucleophilic reaction between PSt-g-PVA microspheres with Cibacron Blue F3GA (CB). The biggest amount of CB on surfaces of the functional microspheres was 139.22μmol/g based on the analysis of an elemental analysis instrument. The effects of origination concentration of human serum albumin (HSA), adsorption time and pH on adsorption amount of the CB functional microspheres were studied. The biggest absorption amount of CB functional microspheres was 40.9mg/g for HSA under conditions of HSA concentration is 1.0mg/ml and pH=5.14. The interaction mechanism of CB functional microspheres between HSA was further discussed. Desorption ratio of 92.11% was achieved by using an eluent of 0.5mol/L NaSCN (pH=8.0). The CB functional PSt-g-PVA microspheres could be reused without significant decreases in the adsorption capacities.


Image segmentation is a method of separating an image into regions of interest, such as separating an object from the background. The random walker image segmentation technique has been applied extensively to scalar images and has demonstrated robust results. In this paper we propose a novel method to apply the random walker method to segmenting non-scalar diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI) data. Moreover, we used a non-parametric probability density model to provide estimates of the regional distributions enabling the random walker method to successfully segment disconnected objects. Our approach utilizes all the information provided by the tensors by using suitable dissimilarity tensor distance metrics. The method uses hard constraints for the segmentation provided interactively by the user, such that certain tensors are labeled as object or background. Then, a graph structure is created with the tensors representing the nodes and edge weights computed using the dissimilarity tensor distance metrics. The distance metrics used are the Log-Euclidean and the J-divergence. The results of the segmentations using these two different dissimilarity metrics are compared and evaluated. Applying the approach to both synthetic and real DT-MRI data yields segmentations that are both robust and qualitatively accurate.


The objective of this paper was to analyse retrospectively one case of polycythemia vera companied with lung cancer widespread transfer on diagnosis and treatment course. The patient, male, 63 years old, with polycythemia vera, received hydroxyurea for 5 years,then companied with lung cancer. It is ineffective to use gemcitabine in addition to cisplatinu and paclitaxel plus cisplatinu, and after using iressa, the state of illness was taken a turn for the better.In conclusion, the abnormal clone, induced by cytogenetics abnormity, oncogene and chromatosome damnification caused by antimetabolite yield, may be a reason of occurrence of second tumor. Iressa produces still some effective results after routine chemotherapy is of inefficiency.


The effect of the structure below the base course of the asphalt pavement on the behavior of the asphalt mixture has been investigated by the authors. In those studies the asphalt mixture is modeled using the Burger's model and linear viscoelastic analyses are carried out using the Laplace transformation based on the Elastic-Viscoelastic Analogy. It is feared that dynamic effect is neglected in the method using the Laplace transformation where the equations of motion are not solved. In this paper, dynamic effect on linear viscoelastic analyses for asphalt mixture of pavement was investigated through the comparison between the semi-static analyses using Laplace transformation and the time history response analyses using Newmark-beta method. As a result no dynamic effect on linear viscoelastic analyses could be seen under the condition of the base structure of asphalt pavement with ordinary mass and stiffness. 筆者らは,表・基層の下部の構造形式(特に,橋面舗装におけるコンクリート床版,鋼床版)が橋面舗装のアスファルト混合物の挙動に与える影響について研究している.この研究では,アスファルト混合物を線形粘弾性体としてBurger'sモデルでモデル化し,線形粘弾性体の解析には対応原理を適用している.すなわち,ラプラス変換を施し,弾性体に準じて解析を行い,得られた結果をラプラス逆変換している.しかし,この場合,運動方程式を解いていないため準静的な解析となり,動的な効果を無視していることになる.本稿では,アスファルト舗装の粘弾性挙動について,簡単なモデルを用いて,動的な効果の影響程度を検討した.その結果,表・基層より下の構造部の質量,および,剛性が実際に使用している材料の範囲であれば,動的な効果がほとんど見られないことを確認した.


We show that second-order coherent sum-frequency generation via quadrupole transitions in metal vapors can be easily detected. The process is as strong as the allowed third-order processes. Our experimental results agree very well with theoretical predictions. (AIP)


A boy with the cutaneous lesions of incontinentia pigmenti is described. Chromosomal analysis revealed the 47,XXY karyotype of Klinefelter's syndrome. Since incontinentia pigmenti trait is usually lethal in males, the possibility of the second X chromosome protecting against fetal death is discussed.


A filter element for front-face inflow is disclosed, comprising triangular channels, which are alternately closed, such that, on flowing from an input side (22) to an output side (23), the fluid for filtering must pass through the filter material. The channels are formed by alternate flat layers (17) and folded layers (18), whereby all sides of the channels on the input side channels face into output channels. A particular efficiency of the filter can thus be achieved, such that with low volume a large filter surface area and a high filter capacity are achieved. The filter can find application as, for example, an air filter for various applications.


Since the production test of Beizhong Block began in 1965, due to the need of development and adjustment, multiple sets of well patterns have been encrypted, such as primary encryption, secondary encryption, and triple encryption well patterns. Some new knowledge can be obtained on the distribution of the body. In order to improve the development effect of the oil field and further increase the recoverable reserves, in 2015, the reservoir was encrypted in the Beizhong block, and 163 wells were supplemented. The prediction accuracy and the analysis of the changes have made clear the changing laws of different types of sand bodies, and improved the understanding of the sand bodies.


A rotary supply joint that may, in particular be a rotary timing valve, is provided for providing fluid flow at least periodically from inlet ports to outlet ports when respective openings in first and second surfaces which are rotating relative to each other are aligned, in which a gas bearing is arranged to provide a bearing force between the first and second surfaces.


Abstract A cylindrically symmetric metric with two degrees of freedom is considered in connection with Einstein's field equations corresponding to a perfect fluid distribution with heat flow. A class of cylindrically symmetric cosmological models with heat flux is derived. The models have non-zero expansion, shear and acceleration. The heat flux and non-geodetic nature of the stream lines are intimately related with the inhomogeneity. An explicit expression for the temperature distribution in the models is also obtained. A homogeneous stiff-fluid model is derived as a particular case. All the models of our class have a big bang singularity at t = 0 at which all physical and kinematical parameters diverge.


Abstract. We present results on the laboratory characterization of the grating vector apodizing phase plate (gvAPP) coronagraph that will be included in the upcoming instrument enhanced resolution imager and spectrograph (ERIS) at the VLT. ERIS will include a 1 to 5  μm adaptive-optics-fed imager, NIX, that will greatly improve the capability of the VLT to perform high-contrast imaging of exoplanets especially in the 3 to 5  μm wavelength range. The gvAPP, one of the coronagraphs in the NIX suite, is a pupil plane coronagraph that uses a thin film of patterned liquid crystals to create two images of a star with a D-shaped dark hole on either side. The gvAPP is manufactured using an innovative direct-write system that produces precise patterns of liquid crystals. We utilized the upgraded infrared cryogenic test bench run by the Exoplanets and Habitability Group at ETH Zurich to measure the morphology of the gvAPP PSF and to test the accuracy of the liquid crystal manufacturing technique in the lab for the first time at contrast levels of ∼10  −  5. We find that the gvAPP can reach raw contrasts below ∼10  −  5 between ∼10 and 13  λ  /  D. This contrast upper limit translates to a writing accuracy of the orientation of the liquid crystal's fast axis of better than 0.3 deg for the spatial frequencies corresponding to those separations. This is a sufficient accuracy such that the gvAPP will not be the limiting factor in achieving the required contrasts to image exoplanets.


Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (IONPs) present interesting features for biomedical applications thereby have been implemented in therapies for controlling infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal effect of a novel miconazole-carrier nanosystem (NS) on dualspecies biofilms of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. The NS was synthesized by loading the chitosan-coated IONPs with miconazole and subsequently characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Mixed biofilms of both Candida species were formed in 96-well plates during 48 h, and treated with different concentrations of the NS (31.2 and 78 μg/mL) for 24 h, totalling a 72-h biofilm. Biofilm assays were performed both in the presence or absence of an external magnetic field. Free miconazole at 78 μg/mL and untreated biofilms were designated as positive and negative controls, respectively. Antifungal effect was evaluated by quantification of total biomass and cultivable cells. Biofilm structure was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by Holm- Sidak's post-hoc test (α = 0.05). All tested groups displayed similar values for total biofilm biomass, and the presence of an external magnetic field did not interfere with the antifungal activity of the NS. Nevertheless, NS at 78 μg/mL exhibited the highest reduction in the number of cultivable cells of C. albicans (ranging from 1.84- to 1.96-log10; p<0.001), and significant reductions (~0.97-log10; p<0.0001) for C. glabrata, which were similar to those found for the positive control. Moreover, SEM images showed a less dense and compact structure for biofilms treated with NS at 78 μg/mL in comparison to the controls. In conclusion, NS showed antifungal effect against dual-species Candida biofilms, which should stimulate the development of alternative treatments against recalcitrant fungal infections. Descritores: Biofilms; Candida albicans; Candida glabrata; Magnetite; Nanoparticles; Drug Delivery Systems.


This thesis presents a field experiment on the topic of ethnic discrimination in the contact between citizens and local Swedish politicians. A correspondence technique was used to investigate wheth ...


i=1 ∂Qi(φi(z))φ z i (α, , S) + ∂Ri(φi(z))φ z i (α, , S)− ∂Qi(φi(z))φi(z)− ∂Ri(φi(z))φi(z). Since z is a local minimum of Q, by the definition of a local minimum, there exists 1 > 0 such that Q(z) ≤ Q(z′) for all z′ ∈ B(z, 1). Then, for any ∈ [0, 1/2) and any ν ∈ V[z, ], the vector (z + v) is also a local minimum because Q(z + v) = Q(z) ≤ Q(z′), for all z′ ∈ B(z + v, 1/2) ⊆ B(z, 1), where the set inclusion follows from the triangle inequality. This satisfies the definition of a local minimum for (z + v). Since the composition and the sums of differentiable functions are differentiable, the vector (z+ v) is a differentiable local minimum. Therefore, from the first-order necessary condition of differentiable local minima, there exists 0 > 0 such that for any ∈ [0, 0), any v ∈ V[θ, ], and any k ∈ {1, . . . , dθ},


Electrolysis istheprocess ofdecomposition ofa substance intoitschemical components byanelectric current. Theprocess takesplaceinasolution byanelectrolytic cell usually atlowvoltage andhighcurrent. A circuit witha voltage sourceandaninternal resistance mayrepresent the characteristic oftheelectrolytic cell. An exampleisa chlorinator usedinsalt-water swimming andspapools to produce insitu chlorine fordisinfection. Thispaperdeals with theanalysis ofaphotovoltaic chlorinator system andcompares theamountofelectric chargedelivered tosystems when operating withandwithout amaximumpowerpoint tracker (MIPPT). Goodoperation oftheelectrolytic system loadline is obtained iftheline istotheleft ofthemaximumpowerline of thephotovoltaic array. Usingan MPPT inthesystemmay increase theelectric charge totheelectrolytic cell, andthus, mayreduce therequired numberofPVpanels.


Research since the 1940s has focused on the impact of stress, fear, and anxiety on the rationality of the decisions made. Various sources have determined that aspects such as a lack of comprehension of statistics, and the inability to predict future outcomes clearly have been heightened due to fear and uncertainty. However, researchers have also identified the necessity for an optimal stress level to ensure the rationality of decisions. To explore what differentiates motivational and inhibitory stress, this study identifies the elements that manifest positive and negative stress to identify the optimal conditions in which students make the most rational decisions. With a focus on academic performances, I analyze participant responses from students at Obra D. Tompkins High School. Through this analysis, some stressors resulted in the overestimation of fear. Furthermore, it became apparent that individuals were often influenced by past affirmations and comfort which either elevated or lowered the quality of their performance.


With the degree of horizontal wells development increasing in the low-permeability and tight gas reservoirs in western Sichuan Basin,horizontal gas wells are increasing and liquid loading in the horizontal wells is a common development difficulty.The liquid loading will result in back pressure in bottom hole increasing,well head pressure droping,fast production decline rate,and carrying fluid capacity weakening in the gas wells.The ultimate result is: the gas wells are difficult to be produced and even closed in production after water flooding at the conditions of higher water saturation and lower gas permeability of the reservoirs around wellbore.The factors of effecting liquid loading in the horizontal well are analyzed by using the discriminant that estimate fluid flow pattern from laminar into non-laminar.The result shows that bigger angle of inclination and higher hydrops height of the horizontal segment,fluid flow pattern is easier to become non-laminar from laminar and the fluid is easier to be carried out by the air current from horizontal wells.The angle of inclination of the horizontal segment has little influence on gas critical flow rate,but the bigger angle of inclination of the horizontal segment will bring higher hydrops height of target A and the fluid is easier to be carried out by the air current from the horizontal wells.Example proves that the height difference between target A and target B has influence on liquid drainage of the gas wells.If target B is higher than target A,the fluid is easier to be carried out from the horizontal wells.


This paper presents a novel control method that enables operation of Modular Multilevel Converters under non-sinusoidal AC supply conditions based on frequency domain decomposition of supply voltages. The proposed control method enables to inject or draw near sinusoidal grid currents even during the presence of harmonic distortions in the supply voltages without the use of additional hardware filters. The paper also presents a modified feedback approach for circulating current suppressing controller which minimizes circulating current while maintaining sub-module capacitor voltage dc level to the desired value and also minimizes dc bus current ripples. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed control structure under supply harmonic distortions.


ABSTRACT The purchasing of student art for display in a library can enhance a building while supporting creative achievement and collaboration with art faculty. One small undergraduate library shares their process for obtaining student art as well as challenges.


We read with great interest the meta-analysis by Jin et al. [1] comparing the non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) and warfarin in terms of efficacy and safety outcome in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and atrial fibrillation (AF). In this study, primary efficacy outcome was stroke or systemic embolism and primary safety outcome was major bleeding. Patients with DM and AF from the RE-LY, ENGAGE AFTIMI 48, ARISTOTLE and ROCKET-AF trials were included in the present study. The present meta-analysis reported that in patients suffering from AF and DM, dabigatran 110mg (bid) firstly, followed by rivaroxaban 20mg, was more likely to become the choice for its performance in preventing systemic embolism or stroke and major bleeding. Here, we would like to discuss some important points about this study. Firstly, there is no information about duration of diabetes, diabetes type, glycemic control, and Hb A1c levels (except RE-LY trial) in enrolled patients with DM. In the current EHRA position paper chaired by Bulent Gorenek [2], it was stated that longer diabetes duration and worse glycemic control increased the risk of AF and its complications. In addition, up to 30–40% of DM patients also have concomitant chronic kidney disease (CKD). 2020 CCS/ CHRS Guidelines on Management of AF reported that AF patients with CKD represent a particularly high-risk subgroup and emphasised that stroke, mortality, and major bleeding all increase as renal function deteriorates [3]. These trials included a small number of patients with a creatinine clearances <30mL/min. In our opinion, it will be more valuable to consider the duration of diabetes, diabetes type, glycemic control and renal functions in the studies conducted to determine the effectiveness and safety of NOAC treatment in patients with AF and DM.


For the first time a temperate legionellosis bacteriophage has been isolated from the organs of a guinea pig infected with Legionella pneumophila, Philadelphia-1 strain. A bacteriophage plaque is from 1.5 to 2.5 mm in diameter, and the central part of colonies is transparent and surrounded by the zone of incomplete lysis in periphery. According to electron microscopy data, phage corpuscles consist of a polyhedral elongated head of extended hexagonal form and a short process. The bacteriophage is specific, and lyses the bacteria of main agents of a legionnaires' disease, but at the same time it has some lytic activity concerning the cells of tularemia agent.


.............................................................................................................. iii Abbreviations ..................................................................................................... vi Chapter One. Literature Review ........................................................................ 1 1.1 An introduction to black point ........................................................................... 1 1.2 Significance of black point ................... .................................................................. 1 1.3 Proposed causes of black point ....................................................................... 2 1.3.1 Fungal infection ............................ ....................................................................... 3 1.3.2 Environmental conditions .............................................................................. 4 1.3.3 Biochemical changes (enzymatic browning) .... ... ............................................ 6 18.104.22.168 Enzymes and substrates involved in biochemi cal changes ................................ 7 1.4 Candidate genes in black point formation ...... . ............................................... 13 1.4.1 POX genes ................................... .................................................................. 13 1.4.2 LOX genes ............................................................................................... 14 1.4.3 SOD genes .............................................................................................. 15 1.5 Identification of candidate genes for black poi nt tolerance ...................................... 16 1.5.1 Mapping studies and proposed QTL for black po int .......................................... 16 1.5.2 Other candidate gene identification technique s ................................................. . 17 1.6 Identifying Regulatory factors contributing to black point ....................................... 20 1.7 Research Justification ........................ ................................................................... 22 Chapter Two. The association of environmental condi tions with black point formation and the identification of QTL ............................................................. 25 2.


This syndrome is characterized by necrohemorrhage of the adrenal glands in the course of a serious infectious disease, which is characterized by septic shock with multiple organ failure (prevailing neurological, renal and hematological failure even with criteria for disseminated intravascular coagulation), disseminated purpura and data on acute adrenal insufficiency. Initially described by an English physician in 1911, Dr. Rupert Waterhouse and later studied further by a Danish pediatrician, Dr. Carl Friderichsen in 1917 [1-3].


In this paper a statistical method is used to remove the silence from the speech signal. This method is applied on vector quantization technique to identify the minimum speech patterns that are required while creating the training set of the speech samples. This paper also discusses the importance and efficiency of the algorithms used in vector quantization for the clustering purpose. Also speech recognition accuracies for speaker dependent and speaker independent methods have been evaluated and tabulated in the tables given below. The paper shows the importance of the statistical method analysis of the signal than the normal analysis.


In this paper,Wuyi University Library provides loan for 1 year of data preprocessing,statistical analysis,two aspects associated with association mining to start work,according to the results of the analysis,from the collection of layout,book purchases,library staff,manpower,working time arrangements give relevant recommendations,recommended books to help make the library work.


PURPOSE: To provide an activator which gives good bleaching effects even at a low temp. in a short time. CONSTITUTION: This activator contains as the effective component an acetylated or propionylated polyoxy carboxylic acid obtd. by oxidizing a monosaccharide and represented by the formula: XO-[CH(OX)] n -COOY, wherein (n) is an integer of 4-6; X is acetyl, propionyl, or H provided that, on the average, at least 3 of X's are acetyl or propionyl; and Y is H, acetyl, propionyl, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium, substd. ammonium, or a mixture of these groups. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO&Japio


Single-lithology and composite xenoliths from Mindszentkálla (Bakony-Balaton Highland Volcanic Field) in the Carpathian-Pannonian region record geochemical evolution of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle. The dominant single-lithology xenoliths are orthopyroxene-rich (22 vol% on average) harzburgites. Three composite xenoliths contain either two or more domains including dunite, olivine-orthopyroxenite, orthopyroxenite, apatite-bearing websterite and amphibole-phlogopite-bearing vein. The presence of different lithologies is a result of at least two metasomatic events that affected the lithospheric mantle. The first event resulted in orthopyroxene enrichment thus formed harzburgitic mantle volumes (Group I xenoliths). Major- and trace element distributions of the bulk harzburgites differ from the geochemical trends expected in residues of mantle melting. In contrast, petrographic and geochemical attributes suggest that the harzburgite was formed by silica-rich melt - peridotitic wall rock interactions in a supra-subduction zone. Within the Group I xenoliths, two subgroups were identified based on the presence or lack of enrichment in U, Pb and Sr. Since these elements are fluid mobile, their enrichment in certain Group I xenoliths indicate reaction with a subduction-related fluid, subsequent to the harzburgite formation. The effect of a second event overprints the features of the Group I xenoliths and is evidenced in all domains of two composite xenoliths (Group II xenoliths). The general geochemical character involves enrichment of basaltic major and minor elements (Fe, Mn, Ti, Ca) in the rock-forming minerals and convex-upward rare earth element (REE) patterns in clinopyroxenes. We suggest that the different domains represent reaction products with variably evolved basaltic melts of a single magmatic event. The tectonic background to the formation of Group I xenoliths is likely linked to the subduction of oceanic crust during the Mesozoic–Paleogene. This happened far from the current position of Mindszentkálla, to where the lithosphere, including the metasomatized mantle volume, was transferred via plate extrusion. The Group II xenoliths appear to bear the geochemical signature of a younger (Neogene) basaltic magmatic event, likely the same that produced the host basalt transporting the xenoliths to the surface.


Two different formulations are presented in terms of ordinary second‐order vector differential equations for acoustic rays in a three‐dimensional medium moving with an arbitrary velocity (either subsonic or supersonic), and having an arbitrary index of refraction. The first formulation has the arc length of the ray as independent variable, while the second one is given in terms of a canonical variable and is equivalent to Keller's Hamiltonian formulation [J. B. Keller, J. Appl. Phys. 25, 938–947 (1954)]. An explicit Lagrangian is constructed for this problem, from which a generalized Fermat's principle is derived. An error in an earlier publication [P. Ugincius, J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 37, 476–479 (1965)] is corrected, and it is shown that this error disappears when the velocity of the medium is small compared to the speed of sound.


The purpose of this study is to investigate the relation between organizational commitment and organizational communication. The "three-component model of organizational commitment", which is developed by Allen and Meyer, is the origin for the conception of organizational commitment in this study. Organizational commitment includes the employees' efforts for accessing the organization's goals, identification with these goals and to continue their membersh ip in the organization. Today's environment of competition, organizations seek methods for not losing succesful employees. These employees composes the intellectual capital of organizations, which is the most import part of an organization. The reasons of employees' continuing their membership for long years in an organization is important. Employees also interrogate themselves why they are staying from time to time. At that point, determining the relation between the employees' commitment to organization and knowledge sharing in the organization which means organizational communication, is existing or not, is important for both organization and employees to represent themselves clearly. A survey aiming to determine these three components and organizational communication, is applied on the employees of a manufacturing firm on Organized Industry Region of Manisa. The results are being analysed using SPSS for Windows. K e y W o r d s : Organizational Communication, Organizational Commitment, Affective Commitment, Continuance Commitment, Normative Commitment.


Data from the Global Positioning System (GPS) were used to determine precise polar motion estimates. Conservatively calculated formal errors of the GPS least squares solution are approx. 10 cm. The GPS estimates agree with independently determined polar motion values from very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) at the 5 cm level. The data were obtained from a partial constellation of GPS satellites and from a sparse worldwide distribution of ground stations. The accuracy of the GPS estimates should continue to improve as more satellites and ground receivers become operational, and eventually a near real time GPS capability should be available. Because the GPS data are obtained and processed independently from the large radio antennas at the Deep Space Network (DSN), GPS estimation could provide very precise measurements of Earth orientation for calibration of deep space tracking data and could significantly relieve the ever growing burden on the DSN radio telescopes to provide Earth platform calibrations.


Perovskite-type KMgF3, which represents a distinct class of multifunctional materials, has drawn immense interest in the advanced technological fields due to its various attractive properties. Howe...


After a brief resume' of the essential properties of nuclear magnetism and magnetic resonance, the conditions under which a polarization of the nucleus can be obtained are studied. For the particular case of nuclei contained in a target to be placed in front of an accelerator beam, the experimental requirements are such that the usual techniques such as adiabatic demagnetization can not be used. A method using dynamic polarization is described, and the principle of the experimental apparatus and the first results obtained are indicated. (tr-auth)


Could it really have been possible to eliminate slavery in the new American republic in the years immediately following the Revolution? Gary Nash thought so, arguing in 1990 in Race and Revolution that it was the self-interested inaction of northern politiciansmany of whom espoused antislavery principles themselves-whose states had already moved to end slavery that doomed the nation to struggle with the peculiar institution for another three-quarters of a century. As an example of a state in which the commitment to natural rights ideology was strong enough in the Revolutionary moment to have led its leaders to initiate an end to slavery, Nash cited Virginia. Evidence of the sustained power of antislavery sentiment in Virginia includes George Mason's original 1776 draft of the Virginia Declaration of Rights that would have invalidated heritable slavery had it not been modified, as well as several laws passed in the late 1770s and early 1780s that banned the importation of slaves, legalized manumission, and emancipated enslaved Revolutionary veterans. In particular, the large number of manumissions that followed the passage of the 1782 relaxed manumission law has led some scholars to see Virginia as a state ripe for ending slavery, had there been a national initiative to provide incentive and support. From this perspective, the emancipation and colonization proposals debated in Virginia in 1831-32 in the wake of Nat Turner's revolt represented a last resurgence of Revolutionary antislavery sentiment that could have made Virginia the southernmost domino in the succession of New England and mid-Atlantic states that had embarked upon gradual emancipation by 1804. The failure of those proposals, then, marked a fatal turning point for Virginia toward a die-hard pro-slavery defense, secession, and Civil War. Eva Wolf's Race and Liberty in the New Nation offers a new interpretation of Virginia's experience with slavery between 1776 and 1832. She characterizes Virginia's political leaders as resistant to the implications of republican principles for slaveholding from the outset, when they modified George Mason's


Knowing what gypsy moth likes to eat can aid forest managers in making cost-effective control decisions. A recent 5-year study of defoliation in central Pennsylvania gives an up-to-date index of host species preferences. Chestnut oak is the most preferred species. Following in relatively close order are the other oaks and aspen. Hardwood species that rank low on the preference list are yellow-poplar, yellow birch, black locust, striped maple, ash, and black gum.


licences, of any discussion of the possibility of entering into legally binding cohabitation contracts. It was after ail one of the author's professed intentions to encourage couples to anticipate and forestall difficulties ("the law can and should be invoiced to serve a preventive and problem-avoiding purpose, and not simply a therapeutic one" (p.viii)). In spite of these limitations, however, Dawn Oliver's book has the advantage of offering a review of law which is not available in other, somewhat larger, works. Particularly useful is the inclusion of the important public law entitlements of cohabitants (e.g. in the areas of welfare benefits and homelessness) and also the treatment of cohabitants in the law of taxation.


In a triaxial creep experiment in amphibolite, we clearly found a precursory localization and development of microfractures along the final fracture plane using an AE (acoustic emission) source location technique. The precursory localization of AE hypocenters first nucleated near a pre-existing macroscopic defect and then extended gradually along the final fracture plane prior to failure On the other hand, no significant precursory localization of AE hypocenters on the final fracture plane before failure has been reported in rock samples free of pre-existing macroscopic defects. This difference in AE occurrence patterns before failure could be explained by the difference in the degree of damage in the portion of the rock surrounding the localization zone when it nucleates.


PURPOSE
To highlight external rear vision mirrors as a cause of ocular injuries in motor vehicle accidents.

METHODS
Three cases of perforating eye injuries due to shattered external rear vision mirrors in motor vehicle accidents are described. The relevant Australian design rules are reviewed.

RESULTS/CONCLUSION
External rear vision mirrors can be responsible for serious ocular injuries in motor vehicle accidents. Further investigation of the incidence of such injuries is required to determine whether vehicle manufacturing methods and the design rules covering their production warrant revision.


As a part of the trade study for the Narrow Field Infrared Adaptive Optics System, the adaptive optics system for the Thirty Meter Telescope, we investigated the feasibility of performing real-time control computation using a Linux operating system and Intel Xeon E5 CPUs. We also investigated a Xeon Phi based architecture which allows higher levels of parallelism. This paper summarizes both the CPU based real-time controller architecture and the Xeon Phi based RTC. The Intel Xeon E5 CPU solution meets the requirements and performs the computation for one AO cycle in an average of 767 microseconds. The Xeon Phi solution did not meet the 1200 microsecond time requirement and also suffered from unpredictable execution times. More detailed benchmark results are reported for both architectures.


The guide contains information and links to resources that support Engineering and the Community unit, in which students are required to explore decision-making in the face of socio-technical issues. This resource gives you examples of using references in your written report


Recently Willis and Bolton conducted uniform flow experiments to collect data on total sediment concentrations for the sediment size having a median diameter of 0.54 mm. They have correlated these concentrations with statistical parameters like mean, standard deviation, etc. The writer performed a series of uniform flow experiments with sediment size D\d5\d0 = 0.32 mm in connection with the aggradation studies in which data on variation of total load concentration with respect to time were also collected. The complete details of the experimental set up and procedure are given else where; however, experimental details relevant to the determination of the total load concentration that were not fully reported earlier follow before the presentation of statistical analysis of the data.


Technologies for structured representation of knowledge are very useful for learning and for organization of personalized tutoring. Concept maps (CMs) have been used in many different ways to support learning. They are good tool for regular note-taking, visualization of the structure of learning content, or assisting in discussions and problem-solving activities. On the other hand, ontologies can benefit personalization and adaption of the tutoring process to the needs of specific learners or groups. This research discusses benefits of joint usage of both concept maps and ontologies in e-learning. We propose a collaborative methodology for semantic modeling of learning domain knowledge, showing how to use both CMs and ontologies to improve learning.


At present,the brushless DC motor sensorless is mostly based on the three-step start method,in which there are some shortcomings,especially in the case of large motor loads,it tends to be lower level to successfully start.The key reason is that the detection circuit can not effectively run and accurately detect the rotor position signal when the motor runs slowly,so the motor can not successfully switch to the self-controlled synchronous operation.A new method of BLDCM sensorless zero start is brought forward and a new position sensorless controller is designed based on previous studies by using back-EMF-zero-crossing detection method.The actual operation proves that the im-proved back EMF detection circuit works stably and reliably in all speed range of the motor.The successfully rate of motor starting in the big load is nearly 100%,thus greatly improve the operating performance of the motor.


: A powerful new method for dealing with stationary random seismic response is described in detail. It is an extension of the early-stage method. The emphasis is focused on multi-support excitation problems. The main features of this method are:

1
The computational efficiency is much higher than for the conventional method, e.g. approximately 10,100, or even more times faster.

2
All cross-correlation items, whether between the support excitations or between the participant modes, are involved naturally. Practically, it is impossible for this method to neglect these items

3
The principles and algorithm are simple and easy for engineering application. Complex 3D FEM models with dozens of ground excitations can be easily analysed on microcomputers as small as IBM-pc/ AT.

4
The non-proportional damping matrix can be dealt with easily and accurately and only real eigenmodes are used for degree reduction.


Objective pregnancy with uterine fibroids best surgical treatment method. Methods Review our January 2007 ~ 2010 January 5460 cases were pregnant women, 59 patients pregnancy with uterine fibroids patients, including 51 cases of the implementation of surgical treatment method. Results among 59 patients, Because there are 1 case with serous next uterine fibroids Wendy reverse in gravid 4 months uterine fibroids eliminate surgery, 51 cases for cesarean section (including former case), simultaneously fibroids eliminate intraoperative 45 cases, 8 cases of vaginal delivery, 19.88% 59 patients are maternal motality. Conclusion Experienced and skilled surgery physicians, sufficient preoperative preparation, careful intraoperatie operation, the strict postoperative management method, is pregnancy with myoma of uterus the key successful therapy.


A study was undertaken to assess the water quality of Pagara reservoir, situated at Asan river, Jaura, District Morena in Madhya Pradesh. Physico-chemical properties of the reservoir were analyzed for the period June 2017 to May 2018. Water was analyzed for physical parameters like Temperature, Turbidity, Transparency, TDS and Conductivity and chemical parameters like pH, Total Hardness, Calcium and Biochemical Oxygen Demand were studied throughout the study period. The study revealed that most of the physico-chemical parameters lie in the standard values of drinking water as provide by WHO and BIS. The water of the Pagara reservoir is quite suitable for drinking purpose and fish culture.


There has been an increased number of reports in the recent literature concerning the appearance of transient myopia during the course of treatment with some of the newer drugs. Most of these occurrences were reported after the use of the sulfonamides 1-4 and to a lesser extent with corticotropin (ACTH). 5 To our knowledge there have been no reports of this happening during the use of the adrenergic blocking agents in the treatment of hypertension. Of considerable interest is that the appearance of myopia is actually a paradox in this instance. The usual side-effects expected are blurred vision for near and dilated pupils. In our case, the near vision was perfect and the pupils were normal in size. The drugs used were hydralazine (Apresoline) and hexamethonium (Hexameton), a combination usually used in alternate doses in the treatment of hypertension. Report of a Case The patient was a white man, age


landscape ecological regionalization play an important role in landscape ecological planning,but the apply of landscape index is still rare to see in landscape ecological regionalization.By selected different levels of landscape index,this paper make a zoning for Landscape Ecological sub-areas in typical area of Northern Guangdong,which aimed to discuss the apply of landscape index in landscape ecological regionalization and provide a new concept and method for Landscape Ecological Regionalization.this paper take 2009 Digital Orthophoto map(DOM) of Nanxiong,Guangdong Province as a data source.First of all,RS images were interpreted and classified through ENVI 4.3 and ARCGIS 9.3,then the landscape type are divided into 6 classes include:Farmland,Woodland,open woodland,urban construction land,water,unused land;secondly,the study area are divided into 18 sub-areas by Township administrative boundaries;thirdly,different of levels landscape indexes are calculated by Fragstats 3.3;Finally,uses choose landscape index as variable factors,18 landscape ecology sub-areas as clustering object,select the SPSS 17.0 Q Cluster Analysis method calculate the landscape indexes of study area.After these works,The area divided into 4 partitions by select the horizontal distance of 7.5 as the standard line.The result shows that the landscape structures are highly consistent in each partition.Through the research above all,the author argued that the apply of landscape metrics in landscape ecological regionalization is better reflect the prominent landscape features and spatial variation conditions of landscape ecological structure through clustering analysis,it provided a new zoning method and ideas for landscape ecology regionalization.


This bachelor work focuses on choosing an Internet connection for a foreign business trip. The first part provides an overview of technologies suitable for connection to the Internet abroad. The next section outlines the economic performance of individual technologies and assesses their suitability for secure communication with headquarters. The last part comprises the particular choice of a suitable connection to the Internet using multi-criteria decision making.


We report the results of acetabular reconstruction using a bipolar prosthesis bearing on cancellous bone graft in 37 patients after a minimum of five years. There was a satisfactory clinical outcome in 58% when assessed by pain, range of movement and stability, with greater improvement in the pain score than of the other parameters. Radiological migration of the prosthesis was a frequent finding although this did not always correlate with symptoms. Better results were obtained in cases of primary or secondary protrusio acetabuli than after the revision of previous total arthroplasties.


Introduction: Diabetes is a known risk factor for mental health disorders in the older population. This effect can be due to direct impact of chronic disease or indirectly due to the impact of diabetic complications. This study aims to assess the association of individual diabetic complications with depression, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), cognitive impairment, and quality of life (QOL) in older diabetic population. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in Geriatric Medicine OutPatient Department from November 2014 to June 2016. One hundred and eighty diabetic patients were diagnosed using the American Diabetes Association (ADA)-2015 diagnostic criteria and were included in the study. They were assessed for the presence of diabetic complications (diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, coronary artery disease , and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) as per the ADA-2015 guidelines. They were also subjected to assessment for the presence of depression, GAD, cognitive impairment, and health-related QOL by using Geriatric Depression Scale, Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, Montreal Cognitive Assessment , and WHOQOL-BREF scale, respectively. The Chi-square test/Fisher's exact test and unpaired t-test were used for the statistical analysis. Results: Diabetic neuropathy and CVD in diabetes have higher risk of depression (49.3% vs. 27%; P = 0.002) and cognitive impairment (82.4% vs. 50.9%; P = 0.013), respectively, as compared to those with diabetes without such complications. Patients with diabetic nephropathy have poor environmental domain QOL (68.02 ± 15.16 vs. 72.82 ± 14.86; P = 0.040) as compared to those without diabetic nephropathy. Conclusions: Diabetic complications in old age are independently associated with increased risk of mental health disorders and impaired health-related QOL. Thus, patients with diabetic complications should be specifically assessed and managed for mental health disorders in addition to the management of metabolic abnormalities.


The polymerization of bis(β-chloroethyl) vinylphosphonate to a crystalline solid was carried out with a Ziegler-Natta catalyst. A confirmation of the crystalline nature of the polymers was carried out by x-ray diffraction. The polymers would not melt even at temperatures up to 620°C., but instead began to char. However, they were soluble in dimethylformamide and acrylonitrile.


Background Infection remains a significant cause of morbidity in neonatal intensive care. Differentiation between sepsis and clinical deterioration from other causes is difficult. It would be of great value if quick and simple laboratory data support evidence of septic disease. Aim Commonly available laboratory data (Hemoglobin (Hb), white blood cell count (WBC) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) were analysed for their reliability in predicting disease of infectious origin in newborns admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).Results 102 hospitalised newborns were analysed during a 3-months' study period. 81 newborns had one or more episodes of suspected sepsis and antibiotics were started 105 times. In 17 (20%) out of 85 obtained bloodcultures an organism was isolated. Newborns with lower birth weight and gestational age were more likely to have a positive bloodculture (1430 g vs 2070 g and 30 weeks vs 32.5 weeks, both p<0.01). Hb was significantly lower (7.9 vs 9.6 mmol/L, p<0.01), and the CRP higher (26 vs 8 mg/L, p<0.001) in newborns with a positive blood culture. WBC was similar in both groups. A CRP > 20 mg/l was 94% specific for a positive blood culture. In combination with a low Hb (< 8 mmol/L) or low WBC (< 8), specificity increased to 98% and 100%. Corresponding sensitivities were low (35%). Subset analysis in newborns with late onset sepsis showed no significant differences in CRP, Hb or WBC due to the small number of patients (n=13 and n=15). The specificity of CRP > 20 mg/l persisted (93%) and increased to 100% in combination low WBC. Low Hb had no more additive effect (specificity stayed 93%).Conclusion A low Hb and/or low WBC with an elevated CRP are highly specific for a positive blood culture in premature low birth weight infants. In case of late onset sepsis the Hb is not discriminating.


Bertossi et al. proposed a data-cleaning technique based on matching dependences and matching functions, which is, in practice, intractable for some cases during the application of matching dependences in random orders. Moreover, the result of the application of a single matching dependence on a dirty database instance is a set of clean instances depending on the number of dirty tuples, which results a high computational overhead as well as large space requirement. The aim of this paper is to propose an improvement of the Bertossi's approach based on the Abstract Interpretation framework. This yields a single clean abstract database instance which is a sound approximation of all possible concrete clean instances. The convergence of the cleaning process can also be guaranteed by using widening operators in the abstract domain. The proposal improves significantly the efficiency and performance of the query systems w.r.t. the Bertossi's one.


Exercise‐induced leukocytosis is a striking and consistent observation. We hypothesized that pre‐exercise (PreE) leukocyte levels could explain much of the variation in exercise neutrophilia. The contribution of asthma, fitness, exercise duration and PreE leukocyte levels to exercise‐induced neutrophilia was analyzed using regression. Healthy (n=80) and asthmatic (n=26) children completed either 8 or 30‐min of exercise at 85% of max capacity. Fitness measures included VO2max and %BF by DEXA. Blood was collected 30‐min after IV placement (PreE) and immediately after exercise (PostE). Total leukocyte increased 51%, monocytes 93%, lymphs 64%, and eosinophils and basophils 30% and 18% respectively. Neutrophils increased 46% with exercise, (PreE 2878.5 + 1220.3, PostE 4058.7 + 1535.2). Higher PostE neutrophilia was associated with lower PreE neutrophils β= −0.41, higher PreE monocytes β=0.38, and greater body weight β=0.25 and duration of exercise β=0.19 (F=11.5, (4,95), p<.001). Gender, asthma, and fitness did not influence neutrophilia. Higher PreE neutrophils were associated with higher PreE leukocyte count (β=.903) increased age (β=.25), and less body wt (β=−.20, F=146.3, (3,99), p<.001). In conclusion, for both asthmatic and healthy children, pre‐exercise leukocyte levels influence the acute immune response to short bouts of exercise.


We have investigated the relationship between the alcohol acetyltransferase (EC 184.108.40.206) and esterase activities and the extracellular and cellular concentration of acetate esters in two Saccharomyces cerevisiae varieties during fermentation of grape must. S. cerevisiae var. cerevisiae is a typical fermentative yeast, and S. cerevisiae var. capensis is a flor veil-forming yeast. After 24 h of fermentation, a strong synthesis of ethyl, isoamyl, and hexyl acetate esters was detected, which correlates with an increase of alcohol acetyltransferase (AAT) activity. This activity decayed afterward and underwent a slow increase throughout the stationary phase


Effective Hamiltonians, when used in tandem with statistical mechanics techniques, offer a rigorous connection between 0 Kelvin ab-initio predictions and finite temperature experimental observations. For alloys, cluster expansion Hamiltonians can coarse-grain out the complex, many-body electron problem of density functional theory, yielding a series of simple site-wise basis functions (e.g., products of site occupancy variables) on an atomic scale. The resulting energy polynomial is computationally inexpensive, and hence suitable for the (tens of) thousands of calculations of large systems required by stochastic methods. We present a new method to run the statical mechanics problem "in reverse", using high-temperature observations and thermodynamic connections to construct an effective Hamiltonian and thereby predict the 0 Kelvin energy spectrum and associated ground states. By re-examining the cluster expansion formalism through the lens of entropy-maximization approaches, we develop an algorithm to select clusters and determine cluster interactions using only a few, high-temperature experiments on disordered phases. We demonstrate that our approach can recover not only the stable ground states at 0 Kelvin, but also the full phase behavior for three realistic two-dimensional and three-dimensional alloy test-cases.


Scattering fluid flux can be quantified with coherent light, either from the contrast of speckle patterns, or from the moments of the power spectrum of intensity fluctuations. We present a theory connecting these approaches for the general case of mixed static-dynamic patterns of boiling speckles without prior assumptions regarding the particle dynamics. An expression is derived and tested relating the speckle contrast to the intensity power spectrum. Our theory demonstrates that in speckle contrast the concentration of moving particles dominates over the contribution of speed to the particle flux. Our theory provides a basis for comparison of both approaches when used for studying tissue perfusion. In vivo whole-field blood velocity measurement techniques, " Exp. Review of laser speckle contrast techniques for visualizing tissue perfusion, " Lasers Med. Laser speckle contrast analysis LASCA): a nonscanning, full-field technique for monitoring capillary blood flow, " J. Modified laser speckle imaging method with improved spatial resolution, " J. Quasi real-time digital version of single-exposure speckle photography for full-field monitoring of velocity or flow fields, " Opt. Impact of velocity distribution assumption on simplified laser speckle imaging equation, " Opt. Robust flow measurement with multi-exposure speckle imaging, " Opt. Quantitative modeling of laser speckle imaging, " Opt. Can laser speckle flowmetry be made a quantitative tool? " J. Opt. Soc. Am. Prediction of the photodetector signal generated by Doppler-induced speckle fluctuations: theory and some validations, " J.


Heavy Metals Concentrations in Khomein Compost Factory Products Salehi S*, Ameri A, Joneydi A, Farzak-kia M, Nabizadeh R, Amini S ABSTRACT Introduction: Nowadays, advancements in industries, technology and human welfare level have lead to accumulation of solid wastes and have endangered environmental health. Incorrect waste management intensifies this problem. Recycling and composting (transformation of organic waste to humus) are the most important ways in waste management. Health and safety of the compost is an important issue because presence of heavy metals and toxic organic compounds in compost can be toxic for human or plants. This study is conducted to determine the amount of heavy metals in products of Khomein Compost Factory, then the results are compared with the standards. Material and methods: For sampling we created cutting halfway through the windrow in the five points (by tractor or hand spade). We selected 3 points in each cutting and took 5 samples from each point, weighing 1kg to 1.5kg. The samples were transferred to 20 liter containers and were mixed thoroughly. Results: The mean of concentrations of lead, cadmium, mercury, and chromium in the compost samples in 18.2±3.3. Conclusion: On the whole, the concentration of heavy metals in compost was within the standard limits. We can further decrease this toxic waste by processes such as source separation.


The search for first occurrences of prime gaps and maximal prime gaps is extended to 10 15 . New maximal prime gaps of 806 and 906 are found, and sixty-two previously unpublished first occurrences are found for gaps varying from 676 to 906.


Mentoring relationships that can provide connections regionally and nationally are essential to prepare pre-service teachers (Crocito, Sullivan, & Carrabar, 2005). Moreover, a global perspective in mentoring pre-service teachers is needed in all teacher education programs to give pre-service teachers authentic application skills. The mentoring experiences provided in the chapter are based on experiences at Historically Black Colleges and Universities. These same mentoring experiences can occur at any type of university. These experiences are integral to enhance the understanding of preparing pre-service teachers in a global and ever changing society. The purpose of this chapter is as follows: 1) to provide a conceptual definition of mentoring; 2) to provide an example of a mentoring evaluation program; 3) to provide case examples of global and cultural mentoring experiences that impact pre-service teachers; 3) to provide examples of how educators can implement globalization activities in instructional materials; and 4) to provide an intellectual discussion of future strategies that impact practical and field experiences in teacher education programs.


Human IgG is shown to inhibit the cytotoxic activity in vitro of human lymphocytes for chicken erythrocytes sensitized with rabbit antibodies. The inhibitory activity depends on the degree of aggregation of IgG, small complexes of 9 to 10 S being more inhibitory than monomeric molecules or heavy‐weight aggregates. For the immunoglobulin to be inhibitory, an intact Fc fragment is required. It is suggested that the inhibition is due to the binding of aggregated human IgG to lymphocytes needed in the cytotoxic reaction


This paper presents a designing of spindle and frequency analysis in polishing machine .spindle is the heart of machine, that's why to get extra accurate work, it is necessary to study the spindle, in this paper designing the spindle and performing the study over it. The present interest in raising a manufacturing ability at the mixed scales is important to a number of investigations scared by the progress of special purpose machine tools. The difficulty with most SPM is the quantity of vibration that is transmitted during the spindle, which affects the quality of surface finish and the dimensional accuracy report to the work piece being machined. SPM is a special purpose machine totally used in two wheeler automobiles. The core purpose of this paper is to design and perform finite element analysis of the SPM.


It is generally believed that Veselago's criterion for negative refraction cannot be fulfilled in natural materials. However, considering imaginary parts of the permittivity (ε) and permeability (μ) and for metals at not too high frequencies the general condition for negative refraction becomes extremely simple: Re(μ)<0⇒Re(n)<0 and may be fulfilled for such natural ferromagnetic metals as nickel, iron, or cobalt. Here we demonstrate experimentally that in pure cobalt and Fe/Co alloy the negative values of the refractive index can indeed be achieved close to the frequency of the ferromagnetic resonance. Large values of the negative refraction can be obtained at room temperature and they can easily be tuned in moderate magnetic fields.


The study explores the quality of advice offered by lay advisers on social media groups and online forums. The focus is on the online advice provision in relation to child-related cases, which are part of private or public family law proceedings in the context of England and Wales. Since many addressees of such advice are self-represented litigants, it is crucial to understand what kind of support is offered by law advisers, whose professional motivation or level of expertise are underexplored. By drawing on content analysis and discourse analysis, the study reflects on the substantive content and linguistic framing of the advice offered online. The article contextualises the role of lay advisers in light of (1) the challenges self-represented litigants experience when accessing the justice system and (2) the growing popularity of using online resources and social platforms for obtaining legal information and advice.


The assumption that economic agents have rational expectations is commonplace in studies of macroeconomic policy and asset market behavior. Research examining observable expectations from surveys, however, has generally found that the data reject the rational expectations hypothesis. Friedman (1980) reports that forecasts of long-term interest rates from surveys of financial market participants are not rational. Figlewski and Wachtel (1981) note that most investigators of the Livingston survey data on economists' inf lation expectations conclude that these data do not conform to the rational expectations hypothesis. British survey data on the inflation expectations of consumers, analyzed by Evans and Gulamani (1984), and on the inflation expectations of business firms, examined by Pesaran (1985), also appear inconsistent with rational expectations. The failure of survey data to pass tests of rationality have led researchers such as Mishkin (1983) to question the usefulness of survey data to proxy expectations. This paper examines a different source of expectations data, namely, the surveys of money market participants conducted by Money Market Services, Inc. (MMS). Data from the MMS surveys have been widely used in studies of how asset prices respond to unanticipated changes in economic variables.' Recent papers by Urich and Wachtel (1984), Pearce and Roley (1985), and Smirlock (1986) employ the median predicted inflation rate from the MMS survey to construct a measure of the unexpected component of inflation announcements.


After coating with reduced generation of the coating film is corrosion-resistant expansion provides good Al-Zn-based plated steel sheet. On the surface of the steel sheet, alloy layer and the interface exists, that the upper layer made of a two-layer Al-Zn-based plating layer Al-Zn system coated steel sheet having that at the interface between the steel sheet. The top layer, containing a compound of Al and Si and Ca, or more, and further, the Ca / Si ratio of 0.72 mass% in the top layer to 1.4. Interfacial alloy layer is made of a Fe-Al system and / or a compound of the Fe-Al-Si-based. Si content of the upper layer is 0.1 ~ 2.0 mass%, Ca content is 0.001 ~ 2.0 mass%.


This position paper discusses the challenges and trade-offs of implementing a middleware that supports ubiquitous contextawareness, i.e., a scenario where context-aware applications may move throught network environments without suffering disruptions in their context-based interactions. We present a middleware approach based on the concept of context domains that satisfy some of the requirements of this scenario.


The objective of this study was to determine the combined effect of thymoquinone (TQ) and mild heat on Cronobacter sakazakii in reconstituted infant formula.


Myasthenia gravis activities of daily living (MG‐ADL) is a commonly used questionnaire in MG trials. To investigate whether MG‐ADL is equally sensitive to oculobulbar and generalized weakness, its correlation with the oculobulbar and generalized domain of the quantitative myasthenia gravis (QMG) score was analyzed (QMGob and QMGgen, respectively). To test whether the sensitivity of MG‐ADL for generalized weakness could be improved, the additional value of ACTIVLIM on top of MG‐ADL in the prediction QMGgen in was investigated.


Rocks of the Wilcox and Claiborne Groups crop out in the Texas Gulf Coastal Plain and are represented by a series of sands and shales which reflect oscillation of the strandline. The Wilcox Group (lower Eocene), usually undifferentiated in Texas, consists of very fine sands and clays and abundant lignite. The Claiborne Group (middle Eocene) comprises, in ascending order, Carrizo Sand, Reklaw Formation (clay), Queen City Sand, Weches Formation (clay), Sparta Sand, Cook Mountain Formation (clay), and Yegua Formation (sand). Fluvial systems of the Wilcox and Claiborne Groups exist in east Texas and trend perpendicular to the present coastline. In central Texas, sand bodies are parallel to the present coastline and are strand-plain, barrier-bar systems. Since the time of deposition of the Queen City Sand, a significant fluvial sand buildup occurred in the area of the present Rio Grande embayment where the marine clays pinch out. Known occurrences of mineral matter in the Wilcox and Claiborne (up to the Yegua) are limited to lignite (particularly in the Wilcox), cannel coal in the upper Claiborne, and hydrocarbons throughout. No uranium mineralization is known, and no uranium is likely to be discovered in the Claiborne and Wilcox. Approximately 50 surface samples andmore » many gamma-ray logs showed no significant anomalies. The sands are very good potential host rocks, but no uranium source was discovered. During deposition of the Wilcox and Claiborne Groups, there was no volcanism to serve as a source of uranium (as with the prolific occurrences in the younger rocks of south Texas); also, Precambrian crystalline rocks in the Llano uplift were not exposed.« less


Stability and stabilization for linear state feedback control systems in the presence of sensor quantization are studied. As the closed-loop system is described by a discontinuous right-hand side differential equation, Krasovskii solutions (to the closed-loop system) are considered. Sufficient conditions in the form of matrix inequalities are proposed to characterize uniform global asymptotic stability of a compact set containing the origin. Such conditions are shown to be always feasible whenever the quantization-free closed-loop system is asymptotically stable. Building on the obtained conditions, computationally affordable algorithms for the solution to the considered problems are illustrated. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is shown in three examples.


The article reviews the book "Entrepreneurship and Regional Economic Development: A Spatial Perspective," by Henri L. F. de Groot, Peter Nijkamp and Roger R. Stough.