Artificial neural networks (ANN) have achieved good performance on many real-world problems. But a model similar to the mechanism of the brain often works better, such as Spiking Neural Network (SNN). SNNs are regarded as the third generation of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). However, training deep SNNs remains a challenge. Spiking neurons' transfer function is usually non-differentiable, which prevents the use of backpropagation. To solve this problem, we use an approximate function. In order to encourage SNN to have a long-term memory and be more trainable, we utilize Long short-term memory (LSTM) to extract abstract features which will be further passed to SNN. To alleviate the problem of the vanishing gradient in the deep network, we further employ the method of skip-connection. We demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness on a motor cortex dataset and the results indicate that our proposed method consistently outperforms other existing ones.


As a legal discipline, Comparative Law presents a great theoretical and practical potential to make Jurisprudence progress, particularly through its ability to overcome internal points of view in the analysis of questions presented by legal orders when dealing with normatively relevant issues. In spite of its importance, it is, at times, prematurely grasped as a mere factual approximation between cases, norms or solutions, whose results are, much more, a resource to illustrate, colorandi causa, certain positions than to actually justify, on a scientifi c-methodological basis, an argumentation. This article is elaborated with the objective of critically introducing the methodological grounds of Comparative Law, allowing for reflection upon its role within legal theory and upon the hermeneutic tools it makes available to the comparatist. For this purpose, it analyses the journey through the objection to the dogmatism present in the comparatist approach from the end of the nineteenth century until contemporary times, with the rise of post-modern and neo-functionalist theories. In this context, the functionalist method of Comparative Law, as well as the criticism of it and the formulation of methodological alternatives, such as the thesis of the cultural dimension of Comparative Law by Erik Jayme and the contemporary perspectives of reconception of the functionalist method by Jaakko Husa and Ralf Michaels, will deserve special attention. At the end, final considerations about the criteria guiding the researcher in the choice of the most adequate method to conduce her investigations will be made. Keywords: Comparative Law, method, functionalism, cultural dimension of Law, moderate functionalism.


Uttarakhand state in India has two regions the Kumaun and Garhwal. The Kumaun
region , full of natural beauty and wealth , has a unique identity. Here the ethics,
living habits, food habits, dress, customs, religious beliefs. Songs dances etc., all have
its own colour. The existence of Kumaun dates back to vaidic period. In Skand Puran,
The Manas khand is stated which is basically the Kumaun region. There are so many
temples and holy pilgrimage in this region. Here the socio cultural based festivals are
celebrated and special dishes prepared in them. This culture is still preserved and
maintained. In this communication an attempt has been made to describe all these in
brief.


Excerpt Hypoglycemia is not a disease entity, but a symptom complex, and is defined as a deficiency of blood sugar. There is considerable difference of opinion as to what constitutes a normal blood...


Introduction The diastematomielia is a form of occult spinal dysraphism, which can be observed between 5 and 10% of the population, and once these 80% of which had lumbar location. The term diastematomyelia is because of Olliver in 1837 and is derived from the Greek "diastema" meaning cleft and "mielia" which refers to the spinal cord. Before 1950, this rare lesion was little known and few reported cases diagnosed postmortem. In the Mayo Clinic, 1935 to 1967, only 10 cases diagnosed during life and treated surgically were presented. After the 1950s, the prognosis of these patients improved significantly with the advent of new diagnostic techniques such as myelography, computed tomography [CT], magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound (US), electromyography (EMG), and evoked potentials somatosensory (SSEP), treatment (surgical microscope and bipolar electrocautery), and rehabilitation of motor and sphincter. The diastematomielia is three times more common in women and occurs in any period of life, with peak incidence between 4 and 6 years old. At present, most authors deny the hereditary nature and diagnosis is often performed incidentally. Clinically, the disease presents with the following three pillars: skin disorders, orthopedic deformities, or signs and symptoms of neurological dysfunction. Patient and Methods: This is a case report of a 24-year-old girl with the following diagnosis: diastematomielia, thoracolumbar scoliosis, tethered cord (2 years' post-op). The girl consulted for thoracolumbar scoliosis and low back pain. At the physical examination, we saw thoracolumbar scoliosis, middle line scar (tethered cord post-op), skin stigmatas, and nonmotor deficit. On CT scan, we could observe a bone spur dividing the spinal canal at D9 level. On MRI, we could observe that the spinal cord was divided in two at the same level. In surgery, we found the bone spur at the center of the spinal canal splitting the spinal cord in two. We drilled the bone spur from the top to the base. We had to gently separate the two halves of the spinal cord from the bone spur to reduce the possibilities of damage. The two halves of the spinal cord were covered by dura mater. The surgery concluded with minimal bleeding, no dura mater injuries, and the patient had no deficit after the surgery. Results The patient had good postoperative evolution and went home for days after surgery with no deficits. Conclusion This is the first case of diastematomielia in 15 years. The diastematomyelia is a rare dysraphism condition. We must think of every child with peripheral stigmata of skin, tiredness when walking, orthopedic deformities, urologic symptoms, and so on. Urodynamic studies should be performed even when there are no symptoms because there may be a subclinical damage. Surgery should be performed early after the diagnosis is made.


Measurements of the principal values of the 13 C chemical shift tensor are presented for the three carbons in triphenylene and for three different α-carbons in phenanthrene. The measurements in triphenylene were made in natural abundance samples at room temperature, while the phenanthrene tensors were obtained from selectively labeled compounds (99% 13 C) at low temperatures (∼25 K). The principal values of the shift tensors were oriented in the molecular frame using ab initio LORG calculations


Recoverable multiphase enantioselective catalytic systems for the Kharasch-Sosnovsky oxidation of cycloalkenes with tert-butyl peroxybenzoate are described, based on the use of [BMIM][PF(6)] and a new solvent derived from glycerol as the catalyst reservoir phases, and chiral copper complexes with different ligands from the bis(oxazoline) family. The best results are obtained with the glycerol-derived solvent and a recently described azabisoxazoline-based ditopic ligand, allowing up to four uses of the catalytic phase with good results.


Let 7r : 3S be a flat proper family of smooth co nnected projective curves parametrized by some smooth scheme of finite type over C. On every such a family, suitable derivatives "along the fibers" (in the sense of Lax) of the relative wronskian, as defined by Laksov and Thorup, are constructed. They are sections of suitable jets extensions of the g(g + 1)/2-th tensor power of the relative canonical bundle of the family itself. The geometrical meaning of such sections is discussed: the zero schemes of the (k 1)-th derivative (k > 1) of a relative wronskian correspond to families of Weierstrass Points (WP's) having weight at least k. The locus in Mg, the coarse moduli space of smooth projective curves of genus g, of curves possessing a WP of weight at least k, is denoted by wt(k). The fact that wt(2) has the expected dimension for all g > 2 was implicitly known in the literature. The main result of this paper hence consists in showing that wt(3) has the expected dimension for all g > 4. As an application we compute the codimension 2 Chow (Q-)class of wt(3) for all g > 4, the main ingredient being the definition of the k-th derivative of a relative wronskian, which is the crucial tool which the paper is built on. In the concluding remarks we show how this result may be used to get relations among some codimension 2 Chow (Q-)classes in M4 (g ? 4), corresponding to varieties of curves having a point P with a suitable prescribed Weierstrass Gap Sequence, relating to previous work of Lax.


The complexes [M{C(OMe)R}(CO)5](M = Cr, Mo, or W; R = Me or Ph) and [Mn{C(OMe)Ph}(CO)2(η-C5H5)] react with d10 species (Pt0, Pd0, or Ni0) to afford heteronuclear dimetal compounds with bridging carbene ligands; X-ray diffraction studies on a product from [Mn2(CO)9([graphic omitted]H2)] and [Pt(C2H4)(PMe3)2] have identified two isomers of [MnPt(µ-C4H5O)(CO)4(PMe3)2] with a (1-σ, 1-2-η-C:CH) group bridging a Pt–Mn bond.


Three topics are dealt with: design of cycle tracks, maintenance of cycle tracks, and the cyclist and traffic lights. Emphasis is however given to maintenance. Recently guidelines for the maintenance of cycle tracks are developed. These guidelines are based on the road properties required both for safety and for ride quality. They are also based on maintenance criteria regarding: surface, lighting, marking and sign posting hard shoulders. More specific guidelines are given for dirt vegetation maintenance, longitudinal evenness, cracks and winter maintenance. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 816307.


The paper analyzes"public participation"in urban planning and policy -making initiated by Xiamen"PX Project"event.Faced with a novel development environment and increasing social claims,administrative mode should be transformed from"control"to"regulation".This transformation is dependent on the institutional foundations, including the"public participation"mechanism in urban planning,to promote democratic governance and rule of law in planning administrations.


1 Office of Anti-infectives and Vaccines, Human Medicines Evaluation Division, European Medicines Agency (EMA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2 International Affairs Division, European Medicines Agency (EMA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 3 Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 4 Uganda National Drug Authority, Kampala, Uganda, 5 Medicines Evaluation Department, National Authority of Medicines and Health Products (INFARMED), Lisbon, Portugal, 6 Licensing Division, Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), London, United Kingdom


A series of CoMo catalysts supported on Al 2 O 3 -MgO modified with different amounts of potassium were prepared with the aim to study the influence of the content of that basic modifier on the physicochemical characteristics of the materials and its correlation with the observed catalytic performance. It was assumed that potassium addition would enhance the textural and structural stability to the magnesium formulations and also decrease the number of acidic sites and their strength. Materials were characterized by N 2 physisorption, X-ray powder diffraction, thermodesorption of pyridine, and scanning electron microscopy. Catalytic performance was evaluated in the hydrodesulfurization reaction (HDS) using dibenzothiophene (DBT) as a model molecule. Results show that the addition of a small amount of potassium (below 5 wt % of the catalytic formulation of potassium oxide) decreases acidity of the catalytic formulation and enhances the direct desulfurization pathway of dibenzothiophene HDS.


The purpose of this study was to provide information about the Islamic philosophical discourse that contributed to the world of Islamic education in particular and Islamic intellectual property in general. This research used a qualitative method with a literature review in collecting material objects. This research found that the Islamic philosophy originated from the Greek philosophy, especially the Peripatetic tradition and its Neo-Platonism style, but were not imitations of it. The Islamic philosophy that grew from a distinctive Islamic culture gave birth to authentic intellectual creativity products in the history of Islamic thought and civilization. The Islamic philosophy was actually a mixture of Aristotelianism and Neo-Platonism since Greek works had been translated into Arabic and spread across the Arabian Peninsula during the Abbasid Dynasty in the Islamic empire. However, the Islamic philosophy could harmonize Aristotle and Plato; and successfully reconciled reasons and revelations. It can be concluded that the Islamic philosophy was not stagnant, but was dynamic and always actual in producing philosophical ideas that could provide solutions for this era.


We consider the initial boundary value problem of the one dimensional full bipolar hydrodynamic model for semiconductors. The existence and uniqueness of the stationary solution are established by the theory of strongly elliptic systems and the Banach fixed point theorem. The exponentially asymptotic stability of the stationary solution is given by means of the energy estimate method.


The complement system is a complex, tightly regulated protein cascade involved in pathogen defense and the pathogenesis of several diseases. Thus, the development of complement modulators has risen as a potential treatment for complement‐driven inflammatory pathologies. The enzymatically inactive MAP‐2 has been reported to inhibit the lectin pathway by competing with its homologous serine protease MASP‐2. The membrane‐bound complement inhibitor CD55 acts on the C3/C5 convertase level. Here, we fused MAP‐2 to the four N‐terminal domains of CD55 generating a targeted chimeric inhibitor to modulate complement activation at two different levels of the complement cascade. Its biological properties were compared in vitro with the parent molecules. While MAP‐2 and CD55 alone showed a minor inhibition of the three complement pathways when co‐incubated with serum (IC50MAP‐2+CD551‐4 = 60.98, 36.10, and 97.01 nM on the classical, lectin, and alternative pathways, respectively), MAP‐2:CD551‐4 demonstrated a potent inhibitory activity (IC50MAP‐2:CD551‐4 = 2.94, 1.76, and 12.86 nM, respectively). This inhibitory activity was substantially enhanced when pre‐complexes were formed with the lectin pathway recognition molecule mannose‐binding lectin (IC50MAP‐2:CD551‐4 = 0.14 nM). MAP‐2:CD551‐4 was also effective at protecting sensitized sheep erythrocytes in a classical hemolytic assay (CH50 = 13.35 nM). Finally, the chimeric inhibitor reduced neutrophil activation in full blood after stimulation with Aspergillus fumigatus conidia, as well as phagocytosis of conidia by isolated activated neutrophils. Our results demonstrate that MAP‐2:CD551‐4 is a potent complement inhibitor reinforcing the idea that engineered fusion proteins are a promising design strategy for identifying and developing drug candidates to treat complement‐mediated diseases.


Land use planning is a science that specifies the optimized use of land based on ecological and socioeconomic characteristics. In many parts of Iran, the selection and management of land use (development, especially) is performed regardless of land capability, which causes disinvestment and reduces the environmental capacity. The main objective of this study is to evaluate and reform the ecological model of urban, rural, and industrial development in the study area. This study was conducted in Fasa County in the southern part of Iran, and the investigated methods included Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) or Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE), with two views, without limitation and with limitation, and the proposed geometric mean method through the integration of maps in GIS. The results showed that the geometric mean evaluation model (with kappa = 0.69) is the best and easiest compared to other models in the estimation of environmental capability. It should be mentioned that the lowest precision (with kappa = 0.59) between the methods was observed in the MCE method without a limiting factor, and it is clear that the limiting factor has a decisive role in assessing ecological capability and increasing accuracy. It is concluded that the proposed geometric mean method, due to the simplicity and high accuracy of the calculations, has a significant contribution to increasing efficiency and reducing the costs associated with the assessment of ecological capability.


Slow waves launched by phased waveguides in the frequency interval between the lower hybrid and the electron plasma frequencies have been studied with an RF probe. The data demonstrate wave penetration to the plasma interior only if the accessibility criterion is satisfied.


In this paper,several methods of cubic apparatus reforming has been proposed for diamond performance and the acceptability rate of polycrystal and the result of equipment reform was analyzed so as to find a way to improve the product acceptability rate.


The purpose of the article is to show the role of the public sector in financing research and development (RD) in the USA. Based on the results of studying the annual budget reports of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, analytical m


Introduction The development of acute kidney injury (AKI) in cirrhosis is associated with a poor outcome. Patidar et al, 2018 proposed the fractional excretion of urea (FeUrea) to distinguish pre-renal and hepatorenal syndrome from other causes of AKI in cirrhosis. However its prognostic significance out with AKI is unknown. Aim To assess the associations of FeUrea with liver and renal function and survival in patients with cirrhosis. Methods Patients with cirrhosis whose urine electrolytes had been assessed in the Gastroenterology wards at Glasgow Royal Infirmary between January 2016 and August 2019 were identified retrospectively. Contemporaneous blood tests were recorded. For outcome assessment the earliest urine electrolyte sample was recorded and subsequent samples within 90 days excluded. Pearson coefficient (r) was calculated for correlation. Cox proportional-hazards regression was used for multivariate analysis of variables related to outcome, and Kaplan-Meier analysis for survival analysis. Results In total 265 samples were analysed from 157 individuals. FeUrea correlated with markers of inflammation (CRP: r=-0.297; p 33.4% respectively (p=0.006). On multivariate analysis albumin (p=0.0002), bilirubin (p=0.04), creatinine (p=0.01), FeUrea (p=0.0001) and white cell count (WCC: p=0.02) independently predicted 28-day survival but only FeUrea (p=0.04) and WCC (p=0.02) predicted 90-day survival. MELD and presence of AKI were not independently related to outcome. Conclusion FeUrea was associated with markers of inflammation and liver dysfunction in patients with cirrhosis. FeUrea was predictive of survival independently of MELD and AKI. The categorisation of patients by FeUrea identified those with a poor 90-day outcome.


The level of tuberculosis epidemics in Japan is muchhigher than that in the USAand other industrialized countries. This is due to the gap that already existed when tuberculosis control programs commenced using modern technology in both Japan and other countries around 1950. However, it is possible that this gap will widen unless the situation is improved in the next several years (Fig. 1). The long-lasting decline of epidemics from the 1950s to around 1980 divided tuberculosis in Japan primarily into three population segments: the elderly, immunocompromised hosts, and socio-economically deprived persons. This characterizes the clinical picture of tuberculosis today and may also suggest special requirements for a control strategy. The proportion of elderly people whowere massively infected with tuberculosis in their youth, during pre-war time, or soon after the war has increased significantly during the rapid


Background. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of cellular DNA content may be clinically useful in the prognostic evaluation of certain types of malignant tumors, including breast carcinoma. Flow cytometric (FCM) analysis has been the most frequently used procedure for DNA analysis, but it requires reasonably large tissue sample. Computer‐based image analysis (IA) now allows imprint, cytospin, and needle aspiration smear preparations and other small tissue samples to be used.


negative NBE has a negative starting radiation field change that results from an inverted dipole (negative charge over positive). The analysis presented here requires the use of data from a station located near the event, and from at least one station that is distant. In all situations, a vertically oriented dipole is assumed. [7] Using the near station data, we can determine the electrostatic dipole moment change:


In high dynamic range (HDR) imaging, multiple photographs with different exposure times are combined into a radiance map, which reflects the radiance in real-life scenes. This involves recovering the response function of the imaging process. The technique proposed by Debevec and Malik is a well-known HDR image synthesis algorithm, but the computational complexity is relatively high, which limits the possible image size and the reconstruction quality. In this paper we present an improved joint optimization technique for estimating the camera response function (CRF) and the radiance map and a new sequential two-step optimization technique, which first estimates the CRF and then reconstructs the radiance map, resulting in better visual results and a higher SNR in remarkably less computation time.


This study aims to examine Choi, Jeong-Hee's〈Inmack〉which dose not deal with the maternity therre but focus on new women' desire in the series of three〈mack〉in relation to Ji Ha-ryeon's〈Separation〉series.〈Inmack〉and〈Separation〉series are remarkable at the point that in these works self performance based on lesbianism and desire for copying is important at the course of self formation as a new woman. These works narrate the course that the heroins called by name, new woman copy each other and identify herself with each other in while they obey to or deviate from that (masculine) calling system As a coming into self so her identity not defined with voice herself, the new woman heroine in these works shows the identity performed with rewriting, repetition-quotation man's discourses on new woman and love.〈Inmack〉and〈Separation〉series is invaluable because these works show the narrative strategy that new women writers newly perform a woman self through rejecting manly discourse dividing new women to obedient wife and corrupted lover, and confirming sameness and desire for copying each other.


AbstractA water distribution system burst from a sudden pipe failure results in water loss and disruption of customer service. Artificial neural networks, state estimation, and statistical process control (SPC) have been applied to detect bursts. However, system operational condition changes such as the set of operating pumps and valve closures greatly complicates the detection problem. Thus, to date applications have been limited to networks that are supplied by gravity or under consistent operation conditions. This study seeks to overcome these limitations using a nonlinear Kalman filter (NKF) method to identify system condition, estimate system state, and detect bursts.


A simple analytical modeling is made of the main breakdown properties of high‐power microwave pulses propagating in air. Particular emphasis is given to breakdown levels, breakdown times, pulse erosion, and optimal pulse energy transfer. Comparison with recent experimental results shows good agreement.


A great deal of conceptual confusion surrounds the notions of digital banking and innovative alternative delivery channels that support banking and other financial transactions globally. The authors contend that the concepts of digital banking and associated delivery channels are ambiguous and restrictive; their usability has been undermined and their purpose and objective have, to a large extent, been misunderstood. Against this backdrop, the authors offer an inclusive definition of digital banking and delivery channels and provide logical explanations of these terms that can benefit scholars, the telecommunication sector, the banking industry, policy makers, and service providers in terms of developing digital banking and marketing strategies. This article discusses the theoretical and managerial implications of the study results and presents recommendations for future research.


The experiment adopted a coupled way combining enzyme and alkali to enhanced sludge hydrolysis. Effects of lysozyme dosage and enzyme-catalyzed reaction time on sludge hydrolysis were carried out. Results showed that lysozyme effectively promoted cell lysis, enhanced sludge hydrolysis and dissolved out cell intracellular organic substance. While the optimal dosages of lysozyme (by TS) were 120mg/g, the dissolve organic substance reached maximum quantity under enzyme-catalyzed reaction time 72 hours. The dissolve quantity of SCOD, amylose, albumen and VFAs were 10461.321mg/L, 352.278 mg/L, 1650.275 mg/L and 1455.136mg/L with 120mg/g lysozyme added, increasing 222%, 222%, 215% and 348% accordingly compared with control group with no lysozyme added. The way coupled struvite precipitation process with air stripping could remove PO43− and NH4−-N in sludge hydrolysis liquid, which provided good way for utilization low nitrogen and phosphorus concentration sludge hydrolysis liquid. The maximum removal rate of PO43− and NH4−-N reached 75.6% and 97.5%.


An investigation was conducted during rabi season of 200910 and 2010–11 to assess the stability on yield and its attributes along with oil content of twelve genotypes of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss) at two locations with two different dates of sowing creating eight artificial environments. Variance due to G x E interaction was significant for all the characters except for days to 50% flowering, while G x E (linear) was found to be significant for number of secondary branches per plant, number of siliquae per plant, siliqua length, seed yield per plot and 1000 seed weight. Genotypes, GM-2, JD-6 and Pusa Bold could be recommended for general cultivation and their utilization in future breeding programme. Under favourable environments, genotypes Kranti, NDRE-7, NDRE-22 and Sej2 are suitable for general cultivation. On the contrary, Urvashi could be recommended for poor/unfavourable environmental conditions.


Applied Physics
Modern pulsed lasers make it possible to time molecular processes that happen even faster than trillionths of a second. A pump pulse starts off the process, while an investigative probe pulse gets sent on a steadily lengthened detour to delay its arrival by precise increments.


Debt policy is a source of capital originating from outside the company. The factors that influence debt policy are profitability, managerial ownership and institutional ownership with the Investments Opportunity Set as a moderating variable. This study analyzed the effect of debt policy, profitability, managerial ownership and institutional ownership and investment opportunity set. The subject of this study consisted of property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2013-2017 were selected by purposive sampling. The analysis method in this research used multiple linear regression and Moderated regression Analysis (MRA). The results of the regression analysis was profitability did'nt significant effect to debt policy, managerial ownership and institutional ownership significant effect to debt policy. The result of the moderated regression analysis (MRA) is that the Investment opportunity set is able to moderate the effect of profitability, managerial ownership and institutional ownership on debt policy.
Keywords : Debt Policy, Profitability, Managerial Ownership, Institutional Ownership, Investment Opportunity Set (IOS).


Well BMR Mossman-1 from the Carpentaria Basin was studied for palynology, organic-carbonisotope (δCorg) stratigraphy and total organic carbon (TOC) content. The δCorg record was biostratigraphically calibrated in part on the basis of dinoflagellate cyst events, inferring a latest Barremian-Aptian age for the section at Mossman. Comparison of the δCorg data with timeequivalent Tethyan and Atlantic records shows identical stratigraphic changes and reveals an interval in Mossman which includes the period of the oceanic anoxic event (OAE) 1a. Although this interval corresponds with a lithologic unit comprising 1.5 m thick shale and mudstone, it does not show elevated TOC values. Palaeoenvironmental reconstructions, based on selected groups distinguished within the dinoflagellate cyst and sporomorph assemblages, indicate warmer and wetter conditions prior to this level, changing to cooler and drier conditions at the start of the presumed OAE 1a. In the marine environment this temperature shift was coeval with a rapid rise in sea level, possibly coinciding with the development of a circum-Antarctic-Australian connection in the Early Aptian bringing cold waters to northeastern Australia. The inferred second and third order sea-level fluctuations at Mossman correspond with the observed global eustatic variations.


D Terry Strom, lovingly called the Big T by his family and friends, had an unusual combination of talents. As Dr. Doug Hanto, former chief of transplantation services at Beth Israel DeaconessMedical Center points out, "Terry is one of the most productive and prolific transplant immunologists of our generation." Terry's scientific output has been outstanding and included over 700 papers in all major scientific journals, in addition to more than 50 patents. A defining attribute about Terry is that he was a curious man who had a genuine interest in seeking answers to all questions. He had a remarkable talent for conceptualizing complicated issues and coming up with testable hypotheses and workable projects. Early in his career, Terry was a leading investigator in searching for surface markers that could separate activated lymphocytes from resting ones, so they could be selectively targeted. He pioneered the multidimensional assessments of lymphocytes in the rejecting grafts, an approach that we still apply to recent studies. His theories on T-cell clone size and transplant outcomes, approaches to tipping the balance of Teffector cells andTregulatory cells, and inflammation that rules immunity over tolerance continue to shape our thinking on how we approach transplant tolerance in the clinic. As a highly accomplished nephrologist, Terry was very well versed in clinical applications of laboratory discoveries. He was always at the very forefront of translational studies, long before "translational" became trendy. Terry led the early studies of anti-CD25 in transplant survival, which resulted in the clinical development and subsequent FDA approval of the anti-CD25monoclonal antibody for kidney transplant patients. Today, Simulect (the brand name of the Novartis compound) is widely used as a clinical induction reagent.


SUMMARY A study was conducted to determine the effect of water provision to chicks before placement on performance and the incidence of unabsorbed yolk sacs. To accomplish this, a device was used that was designed to deliver water to chicks in chick baskets during holding at the hatchery and transportation to the growout house. Commercial chicks were obtained from the hatchery and held for either 24 or 48 h with or without access to water before placement. Chicks were then distributed into floor pens with ad libitum access to feed and water. At 6 wk of age, broilers were processed, and intestines were evaluated for presence or absence of an unabsorbed yolk sac and intestinal breaking strength. Body weight at placement was 2 to 6 g greater for chicks given access to water; however, this difference was not observed at any other time during the growout. Water provision during holding had no affect on feed consumption, mortality, or the birds' ability to completely absorb the yolk sac during the 6 wk growout. Incidence of unabsorbed yolk sacs in 6 wk old birds ranged from 15 to 28%. Moreover, presence or absence of an unabsorbed yolk sac had no effect on intestinal breaking strength. Data from the present study demonstrates that providing chicks with water before placement does not influence performance, intestinal breaking strength, or the incidence of unabsorbed yolk sacs.


Electron‐electron double resonance (ELDOR) spectra of the (CH3)2ĊCOOH radical in irradiated single crystals of dimethylmalonic acid and α‐aminoisobutyric acid, the (CH3)2ĊCOOD radical in irradiated N,N‐dideutero‐α‐aminoisobutyric acid single crystals, and the CH3ĊHCOOD radical in irradiated single crystals of deuterium substituted L‐alanine (CH3CHND2COOD) were measured over a temperature range from 170 to 370°K. Two competing relaxation mechanisms, an electron‐nuclear dipole relaxation (END) and a cross relaxation mechanism, resulted in an observed reduction in the allowed ESR lines above 283°K with ELDOR lines observed at aH,2aH, 3aH, and 4aH. Below 283°K an enhancement of the ESR line occurred at aH, a reduction at 2aH and negligible ELDOR intensity at higher multiples of aH. The qualitative aspects of the temperature dependence of the ELDOR spectrum of (CH3)2ĊCOOH can be explained in terms of the correlation times of the intramolecular dynamic processes. Approximate calculations based on these mechanis...


Abstract In this paper, we evaluate map overlay, a concept central to geospatial thinking, to determine how it is naively and technically understood, as well as to identify when it is learned innately. The evaluation is supported by results from studies at three grade levels to show the progression of incidentally learned geospatial knowledge as students mature and develop more complex thinking strategies. Our findings have been useful for understanding when and how geospatial concepts are learned innately. The results of the studies will be discussed in terms of creation of a hierarchy of concepts and use of a "minimal" GIS for geospatial education.


Abstract The evangelical revival of 1859 remains a pivotal event in the religious culture of Ulster Protestants owing to its legacy of widespread conversion, church renewal, and its role in shaping the pan-Protestantism of Ulster society that later opposed Irish home rule. Being part of a wider transatlantic movement of religious awakening, the 1859 revival was seen as the culmination of thirty years of evangelical renewal within Irish Presbyterianism. What has often been overlooked, however, is the fact that many aspects of the revival were deeply troubling to orthodox Presbyterians. Although most Ulster Presbyterians were largely supportive of the movement, an intellectually significant minority dissented from what they saw as its spectacular, doctrinal, liturgical, ecclesiological, and moral aberrations. Given 1859's mythological status among Ulster evangelicals, it is normally assumed that all who opposed the revival were either religious formalists or those of heterodox doctrinal opinions. It will be argued that such an assumption is deeply misguided, and that the Presbyterian opponents of 1859 were motivated by zeal for confessional Reformed theology and Presbyterian church-order. By focusing on theologically conservative opposition to an ostensible evangelical and Calvinistic awakening, this article represents a significant contribution to the existing historiography of not only the Ulster revival but of religious revivalism more generally. It also helps us to understand the long-term evolution of Ulster Presbyterian belief and practice in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries.


Endometriosis is characterized by dysmenorrhea (painful menses), dyspareunia (painful intercourse), and infertility. Additional finding can include fixed pelvic structures, a uterus that is tipped backwards and rigid, adhesions in the pelvic cavity, tenderness to palpation of the pelvic area, and/or enlarged ovaries. Endometriomas are detected via imaging, as well as laproscopic visualization of endometrial tissue implanted outside of the uterus in the pelvis or abdomen. Abstract


Two-color second-order correlations of the light scattered near-resonantly by a quantum dot were measured by means of spectrally filtered coincidence detection. The effects of filter frequency and bandwidth were studied under monochromatic laser excitation, and a complete two-photon spectrum was reconstructed. The two-photon spectrum exhibits a rich structure associated with both real and virtual two-photon transitions down the ``dressed states'' ladder. Photon pairs generated via virtual transitions are found to violate the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality by a factor of 60. Our experiments are well described by the theoretical expressions obtained by del Valle et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 183601 (2012)] via time- and normally-ordered correlation functions.


Abstract Idealized numerical experiments with the INM RAS climate model are used to study the potential predictability of the temperature in the upper 300-meter layer of the Arctic Ocean. It is shown that the heat content can be predictable for up to 4–6 years. Positive anomalies of the temperature and salinity are preceded for several years by a state in which the influx of Atlantic water into the Arctic Ocean exceeds the average value. Surface fields, including temperature, salinity, concentration and mass of ice, are less predictable than the heat content in the layer of 0–300 meters.


The combination of Flos caryophylli and Radix curcumae is one of the combination nineteen antagonisms. The targets of anti-inflammatory, analgesia, antidiarrheal, anti-vlcer and the weight of immunity organ have been determined when they are used separately and combined. The combination of the two drugs will reduce the effects of analgesia, anti-inflammatory and antidiavvheal. The effect of anti-vlcer will not affected. Thymus index and spleen index with not affected obviously. The result shows that the combination of the two drugs is of motual inhibition.


Background The primary focus for this study was investigation of prognostic biomarkers in colorectal cancer (CRC), since biomarkers are instrumental in clinical decision making and patient management as well as playing pivotal roles in precision medicine.Methods We analyzed indigenous dataset from colorectal cancer patients. Exon microarray dataset was used and 135 genes were identified as novel candidate biomarkers. 135 genes were further split into two groups: low and high gene expression values via 'maxstat' algorithm, they were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier (K-M) analysis and univariate Cox model, and a set of 33 genes were identified as statistically significant (p¡0.05). Furthermore, using the 'VARCLUS' algorithms (a SAS software procedure) which is a useful tool for variable reduction, based on the divisive clustering techniques, a small subset of 5 genes were selected out of 33 significant genes as potential candidates to build survival models. Both parametric and semi-parametric survival models were utilized to assess whether these 5 genes could be used as prognostic biomarkers.Results HHLA2 (p < 0.01) and NEBL (p < 0.01) genes emerged as potential biomarkers, based on the para- and semi-parametric models such as: Rayleigh, Exponential probability distributions, and Cox models and were also validated on independent datasets, apart from validation with qPCR test as well as with the cell lines patients data in the laboratory. A rigorous statistical evaluation for model's performance were done via Harrell's index, Brier score, Shoenfeld residual plots as well as with comparing several predictive model plots. We also made the comparison of Akaike and Bayesian Information(AIC and BIC) criteria as well as log-likelihood estimates. The Tukey-Anscome plot and Quantile-Quantile plot as diagnostic tools were applied to validate the parametric survival models. Conclusion Based on predictive models HHLA2 and NEBL novel biomarkers were found as statically significant.


In connection with the finding of a Cyclonexis near Eindhoven, a survey is given of the literature about the species of this genus. Cyclonexis annularis is an inhabitant of Sphagnum-pools in the U.S.A. Each cell has two chromatophores. The European Cyclonexis erinus Jane lives in cold and somewhat acid water. In this species each cell has only one chromatophore. A third species has been found in the Urals.


The domination subdivision number of a graph is the minimum number of edges that must be subdivided in order to increase the domination number of the graph. Likewise, the total domination subdivision number is the minimum number of edges that must be subdivided in order to increase the total domination number. First, this thesis provides a complete survey of established bounds on the domination subdivision number and the total domination subdivision number. Then in Chapter 4, new results regarding bounds on the total domination subdivision number are given. Finally, a characterization of the total domination subdivision number of caterpillars is presented in Chapter 5.


With the advance of cloud technology, enterprise software vendors have introduced software platforms to facilitate third-party contributions to their ecosystems. This shift towards cloud-based software platforms af-fects ecosystem partners who have to adopt the new technologies, rethink their business model, and change their sales strategies. To understand how partners cope with this change, we conducted an exploratory case study within SAP's partner ecosystem after the intro-duction of a cloud-based software platform. By conduct-ing 14 interviews within SAP and 10 partner companies, we identify three distinct coping strategies that partners adopt in the face of the shift to the cloud. Partners either (1) embrace, (2) slow down, or (3) repurpose the change. SAP in turn engages in mediation actions to in-crease the adoption of its platform and to alleviate pos-sible negative impacts of the coping strategies. These mediation actions contribute to a continuous adjustment of SAP platform strategy. These findings contribute to literature on platform ecosystems by (1) highlighting that partners react differently to change in the ecosys-tem and by (2) shedding light on the interactions be-tween platform owner and partners in the development of a platform strategy.


This study presents a model developed using a risk-based framework that is calibrated by experts, and provides a spatially explicit measure of need for aerial detection daily in Ontario, Canada. This framework accounts for potential fire occurrence, behaviour and impact as well as the likelihood of detection by the public. A three-step assessment process of risk, opportunity and tolerance is employed, and the results represent the risk of not searching a specified area for the detection of wildland fires. Subjective assessment of the relative importance of these factors was elicited from Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry experts to develop an index that captures their behaviour when they plan aerial detection patrol routes. The model is implemented to automatically produce a province-wide, fine-scale risk index map each day. A retrospective analysis found a statistically significant association between points that aerial detection patrols passed over and their aerial detection demand index values: detection patrols were more likely to pass over areas where the index was higher.


Introduction 1. Entry into Language: Medieval Literature and the Poetics of Julia Kristeva 2. Castration: Chaucer's Prioress's Tale and John of Garland's Stella Maris 3. Mourning: Semiramis of MS Paris B.N. lat 8121A and Robert Henryson's Orpheus and Eurydice 4. Ecstasy: The Wakefield Shephers Plays and Offering of the Magi Epilogue: Concluding Remarks Bibliography


Three-dimensional mathematics model of the human thoracic aortic is reconstructed from CT images, and analyzed detailedly from the view points of the blood flow pressure and velocity by making use of finite element methods. Numerical results show that a pressure gradient is extremely obvious in the interface of branch aortic and aortic arch. Moreover, it is found that the blood velocity of branch aortic's distal end in the above area is evidently faster than that of proximal end, which is just the area where thoracic aortic dissection frequently happens from clinical observation


The purpose of this study was to identify how alienation in the works of A.P. Chekhov is associated with the images of doctors. With the help of systematic, comparative-historical methods and the method of artistic analysis, the images of doctors in the stories "Wife" and "Enemies", in the play "Uncle Vanya" and other works were considered. Alienation, understood as the impossibility of full contact with other people, distance from society and from loved ones, loss of the ability to sympathize with other people's problems, was one of the most important motives for A.P. Chekhov, through the prism of which images of a variety of characters were perceived. In the context of the images of doctors, alienation acquired a special sound. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the fact that it for the first time examines the images of doctors created by A.P. Chekhov in the context of alienation, reveals the influence of alienation on the personal and professional development of a doctor. The writer believes that a doctor has no right to experience alienation, to distance himself from people. Alienation is disastrous for a doctor and leads to his degradation as a person and a professional; he ceases to feel sympathy and loses the ability to help people by treating them physically and spiritually. The reason for alienation can be negative social factors: hard work, constant fatigue, material need. In the story "Enemies", A.P. Chekhov shows how alienation is born, in the play "Uncle Vanya" – how a doctor who has succumbed to alienation degrades. In the story "The Wife", Dr. Sobol relieves the alienation of the main character, engineer Asorin. The humanistic nature of the medical profession, according to the writer, cannot be combined with alienation.


Validity evidence of the "Student Alienation and Trauma Survey - R" scale This study's goal was to investigate content and construct validity evidence of the Student Alienation and Trauma Survey - R scale. In terms of content validity the following procedures were conducted: translation, back-translation, semantic equivalence, instrument analysis by area experts and a sample assessment of target population; for construct validity exploratory factor analysis and calculation of Cronbach's alpha of instrument's part I (school victimization experiences) and II (victimization symptoms) were conduct. A pilot with 46 university students, and other content validity steps enabled changes in the instrument which was subsequently applied to 691 students. Four factors were obtained in part I, and ten in part II (total: 61 items), and the two subscales Cronbach's alphas were acceptable. The results indicate the instrument's feasibility to the Brazilian context, although additional studies on external validity are needed.


The paper contains information on artificial neural network. Is shown how the inputs, weights, summary block, block the
activation and output, which consists of an artificial neuron. In part of the research was presented on how the network is built with a Adaline neurons recognize patterns letters graphics


The effect of manganese oxide on the sintering of steatite-based ceramic was studied. Steatite powder used in this work was doped with varying amounts of manganese oxide—5% to 30% (wt). The green samples were cold-isostatically pressed and pressureless sintered at temperatures ranging from 950C to 1150C using varying holding times. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed no secondary phases detected in any samples regardless of dopant addition and sintering conditions. It was revealed that the bulk density of steatite ceramic increased with manganese oxide when sintering at 1050C. However, sintering at 1100C using 1 minute holding time was found to be the most effective in enhancing the bulk density as well as the Vickers hardness of manganese oxide-doped steatite ceramic.


A method for determining the risk of information during operation is tracking the eye of an eye-tracking device installed in the vehicle driver, and, further comprising a camera installed in the vehicle, acquiring an image of the outside of the vehicle at the time tracing of the driver's line of sight, the gaze step of the device is used for eye tracking data generated the HAM (human attention map), the method comprising computing device transmitted the camera or the image is generated remarkably map (saliency map) on the basis of the image and the operation device is and a step of computing a correlation between the HAM and significantly map, and determines the risk information, based on the degree of the correlation.


Foreword. Preface. Acknowledgments. PART ONE A Foundation for Success. CHAPTER 1 The Trader's Edge. The Road to Vegas. Becoming a Trader. The Aftermath of Black Monday. Revolutions in Technology and Communication. The Dark Ages: Circa 1986. New Games, New Toys. Bet on Yourself. The Challenge for Traders. Review. CHAPTER 2 Time Is Money. Time and Its Importance. Maggie and Me. Trading Patterns Are Timely. Time to Stay Out. Special Times to Watch. Know When to Cash Out. Review. CHAPTER 3 Opening the Vault with Key Numbers. Stocks and Key Numbers. Key Numbers in Metals, Fuels, and Commodities. Gold Numbers. Key Numbers in the Equity Index Futures. Connecting the Dots. "T" Square. Review. CHAPTER 4 Commonsense Market Indicators. Tracking the Seven Sisters. The NYSE and Nasdaq Issues. The NYSE Tick. The TRIN. The V-Factor and the TTICK. Review. CHAPTER 5 The Art of Trading. Time. Key Numbers. Market Indicators. The Fourth Element. Review. PART TWO Strategies to Win. CHAPTER 6 The Path of Least Resistance. The Face Peel. Off to the Races. The Fast Dance. The Squeaky Wheel. Review. CHAPTER 7 News Pays. Never Predict the Market. Strategies for Early News. A 9:00 News Strategy. Earnings Season and How to Use It. Caution. Breaking News. Review. CHAPTER 8 Making Money with Bernanke. The Corvette Trade. The Model "T". Review. CHAPTER 9 Dancing with the Dax. The Early Riser. The Basketball Trade. Review. CHAPTER 10 Money Never Sleeps. The Follow-Through. Trading When the Sun Rises. Trading After-Hours News. Holiday Trading. After Hours-A New Frontier. Characteristics of Night Markets. Review. CHAPTER 11 Cashing in on Bonds. Review. CHAPTER 12 Options Strategies to Make Money. Options Logic and Risk. Options Strategies. Probing. Review. CHAPTER 13 Reaping Profits on the Farm. The Morning Face Peel. Review. CHAPTER 14 Going for the Gold. Review. CHAPTER 15 Stocks and ETFs. The Wave of the Future-ETFs. Review. PART THREE The Wild Cards. CHAPTER 16 Beyond the Numbers. Winners Trade the Numbers. Be Disciplined. Kiss Your Ego Goodbye. Be Persistent. Patience Pays. Believe in Yourself. Review. CHAPTER 17 Risk Management. Three Strikes and You Are Out. Limit Risk. Use the Two-Minute Rule. Use Stop/Loss Orders. Have an Exit Strategy. Manage Every Trade. Phasing Into and Out of Positions. Diversify. Review. CHAPTER 18 Psychology and Discipline: The Winner's Edge. The Psychology of Winning. Gaining Balance. Review. CHAPTER 19 The Last Word. Resources. About the Authors. Index.


The distortions produced by personalized versions of events are well known and particularly well illustrated by a number of articles in both the older and more recent transplantation literature. Consequently, the student of history will be well advised to consult less biased accounts by younger workers such as the catalogue of landmarks in renal transplantation provided by Groth of Stockholm after his study of the written record and after discussions with most of the workers actually involved in the work done from 19500nward.14 Nevertheless, it may be interesting to describe some of the problems of human organ transplantation as they were perceived at the time of our first clinical trials 15 years ago and subsequently. This has been done first by briefly and incompletely sketching the background that had evolved to 1961, the year before the first consistent successes began to be obtained with kidney transplantation. Second, the great advances starting in 1962 are described in the second section. Finally, unsolved or incompletely resolved problems that still exist 15 years later make up the final section.


The study investigated the effect of project management on organizational performance of selected construction companies in Delta State, Nigeria. The specific objectives of this study were to provide evidence on the effects of monitoring and evaluation (M & E) on organizational performance and to ascertain the influence of risk management on organizational performance. Three construction firms located in Asaba metropolis of Delta State were selected. The study relied on primary data which were obtained using structured questionnaire administered to 169 purposively selected respondents of the construction firms. The data collected were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and correlation analysis in pursuance of the stated specific objectives of the study. The result showed that monitoring and evaluation and risk management have significant effects on organizational performance of the selected construction firms. The study concluded that M&E in particular has a good and significant impact on organizational performance (OP). As a result, construction firms should keep up with and grow strategic channels of project delivery to ramp up on performance. The study recommended that project management practices should be applied systematically to the project cycle from initiation to the close out stage of projects among others
Keywords: Business Intelligence, Profitability, Operational Performance, Level of Competition, Project Performance.


I report to-day one case of laparotomy for shot wound, and another in which an operation ought to have been performed, and would have been, had I not been deterred on account of the failure of the Senn method, being led thereby to believe that the intestines were intact. It is not always pleasant to report our failures, but believing it a duty we owe the profession, in order that our statistics may be reliable, I have made it a rule to report all my failures as well as successes in abdominal surgery. It is true this course may subject me to criticism owing to some sins of omission or commission, but as criticism will teach me wherein I have erred, I shall still be the gainer. Should the criticism be unjust, I trust it will proceed from him only who has never made a mistake in surgery. This apologetic


The evolution of cross-fault fluid flow in sand-clay sequences, especially the role of structural elements is not well understood. We present observations from analogue experiments using an underwater sandbox setup that allows dynamic cross-fault flux measurements. We combine the results of flux measurements with observations of the evolving fault zone in map view as well as with structural information of the clay smear after completing deformation. Carefully excavating the clay smear allows finding holes in the clay as well as relays, horses and other structures. Clay veneers of ~0.1 mm remain intact during the excavation process. We present results of eight experiments with the same total clay volume, of which three experiments had two clay layers with each half the thickness of the other experiments. The results show a more linear evolution of flux with smaller total flux. In experiments with a single clay layer we interpret the initial deformation to be hybrid failure with sudden increase of flux while at later stages fault segmentation and shearing of clay fragments causes less distinct increases of flux. Finally, we observe a process potentially capable of resealing discontinuous clay smears.


The invention glucagon-like peptide is about 1 (GLP-1) receptor, a method of synthesizing and a method of therapeutic and / or prophylactic use. These compounds per se or as a GLP-1 peptide GLP-1 (7-36) and GLP-1 (9-36) receptor ligand and a peptide with or including the-based therapies, for example, Exenatide, and will gluconic with Tide act as modulators or enhancers of the GLP-1 receptor, and has the general structure of the following (where " "It refers to either or both of R and S-form of the compound): Wherein R, A, B, C, Y 1, Y 2, Z, R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4, R 5, W 1, n, p and q are as defined herein.


The pathogenesis of osteochondritis dissecans of the distal femur has been a controversial subject. We present two cases with osteochondritis dissecans of the lateral f emorol condyle which were associated with lateral discoid menisci. The first case was a 17-year-old female who had had slight pain in her left knee since she was 8 years old. She had severe pain after direct blow to her left knee. Radiographs showed osteocartilaginous body in a subarficular location within the left lateral femoral condyle posteriorly. An arthrogram showed lateral imcomplete discoid meniscus. The second case was an 11-year-old female who had complete excision of the left lateral complete discoid meniscus four years ago. Three years postoperatively, she had severe pain in her left knee after gymnastic exercises. Radiographs showed osteochondrific lesion on the lateral femoral condyle. At surgery, curettage and fixation of the osteochondral fragment with autogenous bone pegs were performed for the first case, and bone peg fixation only for the second case.


. In the process of developing and promoting cultural tourism, the question of how to satisfy the desire of vacationers for an authentic experience without prejudice to the local cultural tradition, on the basis of respect and protection of the values of the indigenous ethnic group, becomes especially important. The tourism product needs to recreate authenticity, subordinated to the requirements of ensuring not only the authenticity of the object, but also its compliance with the goals of rest, comfort and relaxation. To this end, traditional culture is being deformed to create a sought-after tourism product. As a result, tourists are presented with a constructivist reality, which they encounter through stage performances, souvenirs and juxtaposition with the life experiences of locals. Constructed cultural reality removes the contradiction between commodification and authenticity of the tourist product, allowing for an authentic traveler experience while maintaining the cultural boundaries and value code of the local population. At the same time, the constructivist reality is different from true cultural reality, but has the same "roots", which serves to guarantee the existence of a national identity.


Introduction Existing evidence regarding the association between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and the risk of maternal mental illness is inconclusive. Objectives This study aimed (i) to investigate the relationship between HDP (pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension) and the risk of depressive and anxiety symptoms during pregnancy and in the postpartum period and (ii) to test whether parity moderates the association between HDP and antenatal and postnatal anxiety and depressive symptoms. Methods The study cohort consisted of more than 8500 mothers who participated in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), UK. Maternal antenatal and postnatal depressive and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the Crown-Crisp Experiential Index (CCEI), respectively. Univariable and multivariable logistic and linear regression analyses were used to examine the associations. Results Mothers with pre-eclampsia had a 53% (aOR= 1.53; 95% CI, 1.06-2.23) increased risk of antenatal depressive symptoms compared with those without pre-eclampsia. Having pre-eclampsia and being a nulliparous woman resulted in a 2.75 fold increased risk of antenatal depressive symptoms (p-value for interaction = 0.03). Gestational hypertension was associated with antenatal depressive and anxiety symptoms. We found no associations between pre-eclampsia and/or gestational hypertension and postnatal anxiety and depressive symptoms. Conclusions Our study showed that mothers with HDP were at higher risk of antenatal depressive and anxiety symptoms. Nulliparous women with pre-eclampsia are a higher risk group for depression during pregnancy. Disclosure No significant relationships.


References Abdullah Y , Stalder C , Bourne T et al . 2011 . Th ree-dimensional image of a tubal heterotopic pregnancy following assisted reproduction treatment . Ultrasound in Obstetrics Gynaecology 38 : 484 – 485 . Barrenetxea G , Barinaga-Rementeria L , Lopez de Larruzea A et al . 2007 . Heterotopic pregnancy: two cases and a comparative review . Fertility and Sterility 87 : 417.e9 – e15 . Eigbefoh JO , Mabayoje PS , Aliyu JA et al . 2008 . Heterotropic pregnancy: A report of two cases: Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice 11:85 – 87. Kirk E , Daemen A , Papageorghiou AT et al . 2008 . Why are some ectopic pregnancies characterized as pregnancies of unknown location at the initial transvaginal ultrasound examination? Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 87 : 1150 – 1154 . Korkontzelos I , Antoniou N , Stefos TH et al . 2005 . Ruptured heterotopic pregnancy with successful obstetrical outcome: A case report and review of the literature . Clinical Experimental Obstetrics and Gynaecology 32 : 203 – 206 . Talbot K , Simpson R , Price N et al . 2011 . Heterotopic pregnancy review . Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 31 : 7 – 12 .


This action research examines how Generation 1.5 preservice teachers develop as writers during writing intensive courses. Generation 1.5 reflects immigrants who have life experiences inclusive of two or more countries including diverse cultures and languages (Roberge, 2009). Understanding the factors impacting how Generation 1.5 students use writing skills and writing as a tool for learning and for communicating is to crucial to their development as effective classroom teachers. This research study explored how Generation 1.5 preservice teachers evolved in their writing confidence levels and self-efficacy in Writing Intensive courses to determine: How does self-efficacy relate to preservice teachers' overall writing performance? The results of the study indicate that Generation 1.5 preservice teachers experienced an increase in writing selfefficacy and writing confidence over the course of a Writing Intensive course.


Alzheimer's (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease closely linked to aging. However, mouse models with early onset AD are widely utilized, which may cause data deviations since AD normally occurs in aged subjects. In this work, we devised transgenic mouse models with SIRT1, Aβ42 regulated at the first month after birth and 19th months old via Tet-Off/CREer-LoxP systems. Aging/AD/SIRT1-interacted biomarkers were tracked throughout life. Based on the models, the effects of SIRT1, APP, and aging on AD progression are differentiated through temporal manipulation. The possible results of equal or more significant effects of SIRT1 deficiency on AD progression compared to aging hint the presence of pathology distinctly related to AD, which might lie in induced increased neuron death signals and unprotected mitochondria from blocked P53, triggered by loss of SIRT-1 control over apoptotic factors including P53 and FOXO3a. The data obtained from our work can reveal the magnitude of deviation resulting from using early-onset AD models rather than aging mice, hence serving as a reference to possible bias. The raised pathology about SIRT1 and uncontrolled apoptotic factors could serve as a potential target for AD study.


Future workforce predictions indicate that 70% of young people will enter the workforce radically affected by automation (Foundation for Young Australians 2015, p. 4). So what might this mean for young people who see their career in drama and theatre? How might a case be made for the positioning of enterprise skills, especially problem solving, creativity and social intelligence, that are inherently part of the theatre-making process, to be recognised within this milieu? Using data interview gathered from past and present Queensland Theatre Company Youth Ensemble members this paper will articulate how young people see the value of arts engagement and training for their future contexts. The argument is refracted through Nicholson's idea of the "politics of participation" (2011, p. 201) to interrogate theatre participation modes, aesthetic experience and possible sites of learning and/or training in the digital age.


The Mark III Nancay Radioheliograph is used to observe the Sun at 169 MHz with a time resolution of 25 East-West and North-South images per second. When the brightness distribution of the Sun is stable during the eight hours of daily observation, a two dimensional map can be produced using the technique of earth rotation synthesis. The best images are obtained during the period April to August, when the declination of the Sun is high to give a good coverage in the uv plane and a reasonable North-South resolution. The spatial resolution is 1.5' East-West and in summer, 3.5' North-South. The maps are calibrated using Cygnus A as a reference. Examples of the maps are given and discussed.


Linear psoriasis is a very unusual clinical variation of psoriasis. Typical clinical features include early onset of erythematosquamous lesions along Blaschko's lines, ability to elicit psoriatic features, absence of pruritus and positive family history for psoriasis. Recently, the term 'superimposed linear psoriasis' was coined for cases with development of nonlinear psoriatic lesions at predilection sites in later life. We report a 19‐year‐old woman meeting all criteria for the diagnosis of superimposed linear psoriasis including typical histological features. Remarkably, treatment with topical steroids and dithranol cleared the psoriatic lesions on predilection sites whereas the linear lesions were resistant to topical therapy. Linear psoriatic lesions are believed to be caused by genetic alterations in early embryogenesis leading to loss of heterozygosity at a gene locus involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Comparison of mosaic keratinocytes derived from linear lesions with wild‐type keratinocytes from the same person may therefore allow identification of key regulatory genes.


The paper advances a newly developed PLC system for water brake torque stabilization conducted on a dynamometric test bench. This allows the recording of various engine parameters and characteristics, such as: torque, fuel consumption, exhaust gas composition, etc. The system hereto proposed provides for stabilization of the brake torque pre-set by the operator or modification of the torque in accordance with a determined test bench setpoint and visualization of specific parameters as well as storing the history of changes in the respective parameters.


Wetting behaviors of pure nickel and nickel-based alloys on sintered silicon carbide ceramics and their interfacial microstructures were investigated in this presentation. The nickel-based alloys were mainly the commercial nickel-molybdenum-chromium products. The wetting and spreading properties were observed by a real-time thermal optical measurement system under flowing argon-5%hydrogen atmosphere. As temperature increased, the pure nickel cylinder sample had few changes before 1356°C except for the thermal expansion in size and changed to liquid drop-shape when the temperature reached 1366°C. The contact angle was about 90o. And nickel could not contact sintered silicon carbide ceramics well. However, the introduction of molybdenum and/or chromium in the pure nickel was good for the wetting properties of pure nickel on sintered silicon carbide ceramics. The contact angles of nickel-based alloys (B-1, C-1 and C-2) on sintered silicon carbide ceramics after holding 15min at 1400°C were 25o, 12.5o, 11.5o, respectively. And they hardly reduced as temperature increased. The SEM images indicated that the interfacial microstructures of B-1 and C-1 on sintered silicon carbide ceramic substrates were uniform and the dissolved interface near silicon carbide ceramics indicated that they had a good bonding. At the same time, the reciprocal diffusion was clear in the intermediate layer. Besides that, the introduction of chromium was supposed to reduce the diffusion rate of molybdenum from the alloy to the ceramic substrate.


The Vitae Abbatum Orti Sancte Marie (Vita Fretherici, Vita Siardi, Vita Sibrandi, Jarichi et Ethelgeri) and the Wittewierum chronical (Emo, Menko and the Continuatio) are the most important Frisian Premonstratensian sources (13th century). They show how the theory and practice of spiritual warfare (pugna spiritualis) depend on real war experience. In 13th century Frisia, there are not only many local conflicts between the dominant families, but there is also a notable effort to defend the presumed ,,Frisian liberty" against the bishops of Utrecht and Mtinster. In both abbeys, the crusades (as well to the Holy Land as against the ,,enemies" of the regional churches, e.g. the Drentes, the ,,Stedinger", the Emperor Frederic II) are characteristic features of the premonstratensian mentality. But chivalry and the new equestrian orders are not highly esteemed in the Frisian houses. In such bellicose times, Emo gives a canonistic definition of justified warfare and a universal theological vision of the manifold wars in all times, from the creation of our world to the Last Day, but also of the wars in the human soul, the Psychomachia.


This work examines the identification of stiffness reduction in damaged reinforced concrete bridges under moving loads, and carries out the performance assessment after repairing using advanced composite materials. In particular, the change of stiffness in each element before and after repairing, based on the Microgenetic algorithm as an advanced inverse analysis, is described and discussed by using a modified bivariate Gaussian distribution function. The proposed method in the study is more feasible than the conventional element-based method from computation efficiency point of view. The validity of the technique is numerically verified using a set of dynamic data obtained from a simulation of the actual bridge modeled with a three-dimensional solid element. The numerical examples show that the proposed technique is a feasible and practical method which can inspect the complex distribution of deteriorated stiffness although there is a difference between actual bridge and numerical model as well as uncertain noise occurred in the measured data.


Developing efficient strategies for defending electric power systems against attacks is a major concern, especially when uncertainties are involved. This paper addresses the allocation of the defensive resource to minimize the damage when there are uncertainties regarding the resource the attacker has. A Multiple-Attack-Scenario (MAS) defender-attacker-defender model is proposed by extending the conventional tri-level defender-attacker-defender model. The proposed model considers the uncertainties related to the offensive resource and the interactions involving the security personnel at the top-level, the attacker at the middle-level and the power system operator at the bottom-level. The Column-and-Constraint Generation (C&CG) algorithm is implemented by decomposing the MAS defender-attacker-defender model into an upper-level problem for the security personnel, and a lower-level problem for the attacker involving the optimal power flow analysis-based corrective power re-dispatch implemented by the power system operator. Case studies are performed based on the IEEE RTS79 system, and the results validate that the proposed method is able to minimize the damage when uncertainties are involved in the offensive resource. This work can offer meaningful insights into power system protection involving uncertainties in a cyber-physical environment.


This article proposed a rehabilitative training monitoring system for knee osteoarthritis patients,by which the patient can know their standardized degree of movement and make appropriate adjustments. We designed a quality assessment system of human lower extremity movement which was based on ZigBee wireless communication technology. The system can evaluate the action standardization of movement therapy. We mounted ZigBee module with miniature accelerometer sensor on human lower extremity,by acquiring threedimensional acceleration signal through the movement after Haar wavelet transformation,the system extracts wavelet eigenvalue using particle swarm optimization. These eigenvalues will be supplied in neural network classifier which can evaluate the quality of movement. By evaluating the exercise quality of lying straight leg raise training for 20 healthy men aged 24 ~ 30,the mean and standard deviations for these four training truth probability( specification,foot over,hold time is too short,non-parallel leg lifts) were( 89. 1 ± 2. 0) %,( 93. 4 ±1. 7) %,( 89. 5 ±2. 3) %,( 90. 1 ±1. 8) %. Experimental results show that the system can effectively identify the non-standard action from training process and realize the monitoring and evaluation of lying straight leg raise training,which can meet the demands of health monitoring system.


Drive systems inject significant loworderharmonics currents intodistribution system anddeteriorate thequality of electric power.Thispapermodels variable frequency andPWM adjustable speeddrives as harmoniccurrentsources and performs powerflowanalysis before filtering toidentify highly distorted busesandthespectrum ofharmonic frequencies with unacceptable THD levels asspecified byIEEE-519 standard. The IEEE30-bussystemwithpenetration ofnonlinear adjustable speeddrive loadsisusedtostudytheeffectiveness ofpassive filters andtoinvestigate theimpact oftheir location andtuning frequencies onthequality ofvoltage andcurrent waveforms. Simulation results before andafter theinstallations offilters are presented, comparedand analyzed fordifferent nonlinear loading andfilter configurations. Itisshownthatthenumber, locations andtuning frequencies offilters havemajorimpacts on theoverall quality ofthedistribution system.


The invention provides a surface processing technology for a stator inner cavity of a medium/high pressure vane-type hydraulic motor, which comprises the steps of: (1) processing multiple sections of circular arc contours of the surface of the stator inner cavity of the hydraulic motor by a numerical control boring machine; (2) detecting the dimensional precision of the surface of the stator inner cavity; (3) grinding the surface of the stator inner cavity by a numerical control grinding machine; (4) coating oil mark on the outer circular surface of a linear roller; (5) rolling the surface ofthe stator inner cavity by using the linear roller of which the outer circular surface is coated with oil mark; (6) grinding the surface, with the oil mark coated thereon, of the stator inner cavity;(7) detecting the dimensional precision of the surface of the stator inner cavity, and repeating the steps (4), (5) and (6) if the degree of roughness on the surface of the stator inner cavity does not meet the requirement on drawing paper; and (8) polishing the surface of the stator inner cavity to enable the degree of roughness on the surface of the stator inner cavity to be as required by the drawing paper. The stator of the medium/high pressure vane-type hydraulic motor, which is processed by adopting the technology, has the characteristics of less leakage between the surface of the stator inner cavity and a vane in the using process as well as safety and reliability in use.


A technique for small-scale rotor testing incorporating the use of a three-component balance, torque measurements, and stroboscopic speed measurement is described. Fifteen rotors using a related series of airfoil sections were tested. On the basis of maximum L/D, the optimum thickness ratio and the optimum camber were found to be 12 and 2 per cent, respectively. The small-scale rotors proved to be extremely sensitive to a change in both thickness and camber. Pointed or sharp-nosed sections are undesirable. I t was determined tha t the position of maximum camber greatly influenced rotor characteristics. The center of pressure travel before and after the stall point is reflected in the pitching moments of rotors with the horizontal hinge at the axis of rotation. SYMBOLS The terminology and symbols used in this paper conform to those used by the N.A.C.A. as set forth in their Technical Report No. 552. a — rotor angle of attack (angle between plane perpendicular to axis of rotation and relative wind)* $ — rotor blade pitch angle, measured from zero lift chord line of blade section L = rotor lift, lbs. D = rotor drag, lbs., from N.P.L. balance D' = drag derived from rotor torque M — pitching moment of rotor, ft.lbs. Q — rotor torque, ft.lbs, n = rotor speed, r.p.s. & — angular velocity, rad. per sec. V — wind speed, ft. per sec. ^ R — rotor radius, ft. CL = coefficient of lift, L/(P/2)TR V CDQ — drag coefficient from N.P.L. balance drag, D0 = D/(p/2)xRV CD' = drag coefficient from D' CD = total drag coefficient, CDQ plus CD' CM = moment coefficient, M/(P/2)irR V p, = tip speed ratio, V cos a/oiR INTRODUCTION I AN EFFORT to extend the findings of the N.A.C.A. from their rotor tests of 1936 in which four different airfoil sections were used, as well as to determine the sensitivity of small-scale rotors to blade section variation, 15 rotors using a related series of airfoil sections were tested in the University of Kansas wind tunnel. This related series included the following sections: Thickness variation—N.A.C.A. 0009, 0012, 0015, 0018. Received January 11, 1943. * Assistant Professor, Aeronautical Engineering Department. Now, Associate Professor of Aeronautical Engineering, University of Wichita. Camber variation—N.A.C.A. 0012, 2412, 4412, 6412. Thickness and camber variation—N.A.C.A. 4409, 4412,4415, 8318. Thickness shape variation—N.A.C.A. 23012, 2301233. Camber shape variation—N.A.C.A. 0012, 2412, 23012, 2R212, 4412, 43012, 6412, 6712. This group of sections was used by the N.A.C.A. in their investigation of the effect of Reynolds Number on the characteristics of airfoil sections. CONSTRUCTION OF BLADES For each section a template was made from stainless steel by scribing the outline of the section on the thin steel and cutting it out with fine files. These templates were used to form the basswood blades. Since the blades were very close to final dimensions after forming, little or no thickness could be added. Therefore the blades were finished with a thin coat of shellac, which was sanded and buffed to a high polish. ROTORS The rotors had a diameter of 36 in. with a blade chord of 2.5 in. This produced a solidity of 0.0885. The center of gravity of the solid blades at approximately 44 per cent of the chord necessitated placement of the vertical pin at that position. The pins were offset from the axis of rotation by l/i6 in. The blades were carried on a horizontal hinge that passed through the axis of rotation, the flapping axis of both blades being the same. The hub contained adjustments for pitch and also an adjustment for moving the blades forward and backward in the plane of rotation. This latter adjustment was necessary in order to secure proper balance of the rotor by placing the centers of gravity of the separate blades directly opposite to each other. Pitch adjustment was secured by rotating the blades about their span axes by means of pitch adjustment screws incorporated in the hub. The test rotor is shown in Fig. 1. TESTING APPARATUS The rotor was driven by a y3-hp. electric motor which was mounted on a support of streamline tubing, offset so as not to interfere with the flapping of the blades. The plane of rotation was vertical with the center of rotation on the centerline of the tunnel, which 83 84 J O U R N A L O F T H E A E R O N A U T I C A L S C I E N C E S — J A N U A R Y , 1 9 4 4 -HORIZONTAL HINGE AXIS


This research will focus on the application of an intelligent agent to detect learners' learning styles automatically by means of an e-learning system. Most of the successful E-learning systems in use today lack the facility to detect the learning styles of learners automatically based on their preferences. The automatic method has been identified as a better approach to characterizing learning styles because it is based on real student behavior. The purpose of this study is to propose a new literature-based method (automatic approach) via an intelligent agent to identify learners' learning styles based on their behavior using the Felder-Silverman Learning Style Model. While this method does not support a particular LMS, the researcher aims to develop a prototype for an E-learning system. After the results of the proposed method were obtained, they were compared with the Felder-Silverman Learning Style Model questionnaire and validated the result by the Garcia method. Following a comparison of the proposed method with the results of previous studies, the researcher found that the results were satisfactory, showing over 66.6%.


Objective. Plasma fibrinogen predicts cardiovascular events in patients with stable peripheral arterial occlusive disease, but its predictive value in patients with chronic critical limb ischaemia, a condition associated with a high risk of death, is unknown.


Eleven days after administration of multiple penicillin analogs, a 55‐year‐old female developed a Coombs‐positive hemolytic anemia. The patient's erythrocytes were coated with IgG, complement components (C4/C3) and her serum contained elevated 125I‐Clq binding activity (a measure of the presence of immune complexes). Her serum, in the presence of fresh complement and penicillin, induced complement sensitization of normal erythrocytes. Immune complex‐mediated complement activation and the haptene type of erythrocyte sensitization accounted for accelerated red blood cell destruction in this patient.


We establish that a monopoly bank never uses collateral as a screening device. A pooling equilibrium always exists in which all borrowers pay the same interest rate and put zero collateral. Absence of screening leads to socially inefficient lending in the sense that some socially productive firms are denied credit due to excessively high interest rate.


: Cyanotoxins are chemical pollutants produced and released by Cyanobacteria, the oldest living prokaryotes, and have well-established implications for human and aquatic biota health. Due to current global conditions, it has become essential to offer an overview of the dynamics of cyanotoxins occurrence in order to improve the prediction and control of our water resources. In Portugal, in recent years, the impacts on global warming have contributed to hot abnormal events and a rise in temperature. Between May and October in two consecutive years (2017–2018), seven freshwater ecosystems located in the north and central regions of Portugal were assessed for the occurrence of microcystins (mcyA), cylindrospermopsins (cyrC), anatoxin-a (anaC), and saxitoxins (sxtI) by applying genetics methods. Our findings illustrate that, in a year with two heat waves (2017), the occurrence of blooms increased, as did the number on cyanotoxins detected compared with the less warm year (2018). Despite this trend, two ecosystems escaped and maintained an elevated risk with regard to cyanotoxin detection. DNA sequencing revealed the presence of potentially toxic cyanobacteria in all sampled ecosystems. The data retrieved highlighted genotypes for all main cyanotoxins. Continuous monitoring efforts are demanded in Portugal for improving knowledge of the occurrence of cyanotoxins and for future national regulations. Preliminary data also revealed that the impact of global change on Portugal has improved cyanotoxin detection.


As a systems-based technique for accident analysis, Accimap involves the construction of a multi-layered diagram in which the various causes of an accident are arranged according to their causal remoteness from the outcome. Though there is systematic research and development for this technique, Accimap is inadequate in terms of the contributory factors identified. This paper presents a modified Accimap by integrating a representative second generation human reliability analysis method(CREAM: Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method) into the traditional Accimap, using the methodology of trace analysis. This paper applies the modified method to analyse the Black Hawk Fratricide Incident from a more comprehensive view of the accident and also for the effectiveness and validation of the method.Within the innovative views of the contributory factors in hierarchy such as the planning, management, and regulatory bodies, the modified Accimap will be more advisable to be used for analyzing accidents in the complex social-technical system.


Photoelectrochemical experiments and density functional theory calculations indicated that visible-light irradiation of the CdS quantum dots (QDs)–TiO2 direct coupling system (CdS/TiO2) causes the electron injection from the valence band (VB) of CdS into the conduction band (CB) of TiO2 (path 2) in addition to the inter-CB electron transfer from CdS to TiO2 (path 1). Path 2 can be induced by the sub-bandgap excitation of CdS QDs to extend the spectral response of the CdS/TiO2 system. For path 2 as well as path 1 to effectively work, CdS QDs should be directly deposited on the TiO2 surface with high coverage. According to the guideline, a photocatalytic growth of the preformed seed (PCGS) technique has been developed. Transmission electron microscopy observation and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements of the CdS/TiO2 prepared by the PCGS technique indicated that the TiO2 surface is highly covered by CdS QDs. The technique was applied to mesoporous TiO2 nanocrystalline films (mp-TiO2) to yield CdS...


Generally, GIS digital map has been represented and transmitted by ASCII and Binary data forms. Among these forms, Binary form has been widely used in many GIS application fields for the transmission of mass map data. In this paper, we present a hierarchical compression technique of polyline and polygon components for effective storage and transmission of vector map with various degree of decision. These components are core geometric components that represent main layers in vector map. The proposed technique performs firstly the energy compaction of all polyline and polygon components in spatial domain for the lossless compression of detailed vector map and compress independently integer parts and fraction parts of 64bit floating points. From experimental results, we confirmed that the proposed technique has superior compressive performance to the conventional data compression of 7z, zip, rar and gz.


The work environment is one of the significant factors causing work-related stress. Supervising work-related stress is crucial as it is associated with the arousal of diseases, low productivity, and occupational calamities. This article aims to explore the concept of work-related stress and its determinant in nursing to understand this phenomenon. We used qualitative research methodology to examine work-related stress antecedents among nurses in public sector hospitals. Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with nurses, and themes were extracted. An interpretive approach was applied for data analysis. Criticism and abuse from physicians, violence from colleagues, violence from patients, unmanageable workload, unpredictable staffing and scheduling, and gender discrimination are the primary sources of stress for nurses in public sector hospitals. Nurses experience stress ascending from the work environment's psychological, physical, and social facets. Stress reduces performance capacity, low efficiency, and lack of concern for colleagues and the organization.


Part I Gastrointestinal physiology: regulation and integration of gut functions gastrointestinal motility and neurophysiology gastric physiology exocrine pancreatic physiology intestinal water and electrolyte transport. Part II Nutritional physiology: digestion and absorption of carbohydrates and proteins digestion and absorption of dietary triglycerides digestion and absorption of other dietary lipids absorption of water-soluble vitamins and minerals. Part III Hepatobiliary physiology: liver physiology i - structure functional assessment, and blood flow liver physiology ii - the role of the liver in protein synthesis and nutrient metabolism liver physiology iii - the role of the liver in biotransformation, elimination, and bile acid metabolism.


On the 1st June 2018 Front National changed its name to Rassemblement National - a measure to break away from antisemitism and anti-Islamism, to create a better party image. However, the old symbol - the flame - has been preserved as a tribute to "old guard" of the part, and Marine Le Pen's presidential campaign statements were transferred to the party's new website unchanged. The aim of this article is to examine if the party changed its agenda after re-branding or if it remained a formality. The research question is whether the party tries to attract electorate by changing its political course or it leaves the main ideas intact. Author tries to address the research question by using document analysis method and comparative analysis of the party's programs. Though the party no longer calls for fighting Muslim-migrants and focuses on economic issues, author concludes, that it still aims at promoting assimilation policy which is a milder version of fight against migrants coming from other cultures.


Convolutional neural network (CNN) has demonstrated powerful capabilities in many image/video processing tasks. In this paper, a low-complexity multi-model CNN in-loop filtering scheme is proposed for AVS3. Firstly, we carefully choose simplified ResNet as the lightweight single model of our proposed network. Subsequently, based on the selected single model, the multi-model iterative training framework is proposed to train a multi-model filter, where the network depth and the number of multi-models are customized for different ranges of bit rate to achieve the trade-off between model performance and computational complexity. Experimental results show that our method achieves on average 6.06% BD-rate reduction on Y component under all intra configuration. Compared to other CNN filters with comparable performance, our proposed multi-model filter can significantly reduce the decoder complexity, and the experimental results indicate that the decoding time can be saved by 26.6% on average.


Diaries as a Research Method 14 Alan Latham Synopsis Diaries are pieces of autobiographic writing describing in a more or less systematic way a period of an individual's life. Diaries may be written for the express purposes of a ...


Teachers are those who need happiness,especially spiritual happiness.School-based research and training is the main professional activity for teachers,and the significance should lie in pursuing and creating happiness.Yet in actual life,various fake research and training disparage teachers' happiness.Therefore,we should focus on happiness and reconstruct the path to school-based research and training,in the hope that teachers could attain career happiness in the growth of profession.


cates, is not really about prisons themselves but about the end of im.pri.sonment. Hawkins' book is about prisons as they now exist and his aim is to present &dquo;a critical reappraisal of the current theory and practice of imprisonment.&dquo; Sommer's quest is also clear. &dquo;Developing a program for the end of imprisonment is an ambitious undertaking,&dquo; he writes, &dquo;but ... I do not feel it is a visionary or unrealistic objective.&dquo; While admitting that professionals in correction often regard books by outsiders as utopian, Sommer tells us (under the caption, &dquo;this year's prison book&dquo;) that the major justification for another prison book is that the problems remain. His cause is the aboli-


Objective:To deal with the stages of labor,improve vaginal delivery rate,and reduce postpartum hemorrhage according to the progression of stages of labor of persistent occiput posterior position.Methods:The data of 3 683 parturient women who gave birth to babies from July 2006 to June 2010 were analyzed retrospectively,then 218 parturient women with persistent occiput posterior position whose cervix was already open about 7-10 cm were divided into two groups: 109 parturient women in group A were diagnosed as occiput posterior position and ruptured membrane by transvaginal examination,then the pregnant women and their fetuses adopted the ipsilateral prone position along spinal direction,fetal head was turned without instrument,all the parturient women were treated with intravenous drip of oxytocin for two hours after delivery;109 parturient women in group B adopted prone position optionally,they were not treated with fetal head turn and intravenous drip of oxytocin.Results:In group A,the second stage of labor was shortened by 23.0%,the rate of natural delivery was increased by 48.6%,the rate of obstetrical forceps midwifery was decreased by 24.8%,the rate of cesarean section was decreased by 23.9%,the incidence of neonatal asphyxia was decreased by 9.2%,the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage was decreased by 12%,compared with group B,there was significant difference(P0.05).Conclusion:The incidence of dystocia among the parturient women with persistent occiput posterior position increases,early detection and active treatment can reduce the rate of cesarean section and maternal-infantile complications.


We introduce a new technique for showing classical knots and links are not slice. As one application we show that the iterated Bing doubles of many algebraically slice knots are not topologically slice. Some of the proofs do not use the existence of the Cheeger-Gromov bound, a deep analytical tool used by Cochran-Teichner. Our main examples are actually boundary links but cannot be detected in the algebraic boundary link concordance group, nor by any ρ invariants associated to solvable representations into finite unitary groups.


Endovenous laser treatment is a percutaneous technique used for the treatment of long saphenous vein (LSV) incompetence. This paper presents the results of an uncontrolled case series undertaken to assess the feasibility, safety and efficacy of this technique.


The black orchid (Coelogyne pandurata Lindley) is one of the native Indonesian orchid species. In its natural habitat, its existence is threatened by continuous forest exploitation. Coveted in the global market for hybridization purposes, the black orchid is still considered difficult to be grown in cultivation and may take years to flower. Its conservation and breeding may be carried out through a combination of tissue culture and mutagen application, as induced mutation may increase genetic variation. This experiment aims to investigate the effects of different levels of gamma irradiation on black orchid plantlets. The research design used is a complete random design, utilizing six levels of gamma irradiation (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 Gy). The observation was carried out for survival rate, number of leaves, number of roots, number of shoots, leaf color, and plantlet type. Plantlets of 10 Gy have the best survival rate and the number of new shoots, but the only number of leaves in the 5 Gy dose is significantly higher than the control. Plantlet growth of 25 Gy is nearly all stagnated. Root growth is also significantly reduced in plantlets of 15 Gy and above. The largest morphological changes are found in 10 and 15 Gy, therefore this range is recommended for future mutation breeding research of black orchids.


The paper focuses on competitively optimal power-control and signal-shaping for "ad-hoc" networks composed of multiple-antenna noncooperative transmit/receive terminals affected by spatially colored multi-access interference (MAI). The target is the competitive maximization of the information throughput (measured in bits/slot) sustained by each link active over the network. For this purpose, the MAI-impaired network is modeled as a noncooperative strategic game, and sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of the Nash equilibrium are provided. We develop fully distributed and scalable power-control and signal-shaping algorithms allowing the implementation of asynchronous space-division multiple access strategies (SDMACSs) able to guarantee the competitive maximization of the users' throughput under both best effort and contracted QoS access policies. We give evidence that the developed SDMACSs outperform (in terms of aggregate throughput) the conventional centralized ones (such as TDMA/FDMA/CDMA), especially in operating scenarios affected by strong MAI. We study the convergence property of the presented SDMACSs and show that, when the throughput set requested by the users is not achievable by the network, then the developed SDMACSs are able to move the working point of the system to the nearest one sustainable by the network. By exploiting the distributed feature of the presented SDMACSs, we propose two connection admission procedures (CAPs) able to optimize (in a competitive sense) the tradeoff between aggregate networking throughput and connection requirements advanced by the users.