Kant considers both universality and necessity as criteria of a priori knowledge, and as such equivalent. The equivalence of universality and necessity is assumed throughout the Critique of Pure Reason. The purpose of this paper is to show that this "equivalence thesis," although never properly proved by Kant, is instrumental in ensuring essential steps of the Transcendental Logic (in the Transcendental Analytic, to be specific). Two central examples are examined: the univocality of apriority despite the difference between mathematics and the pure science of nature, and the univocality of the unity of apperception despite the variability of its scope (a given object of experience or the whole of nature). It is argued that the equivalence thesis has to be recognized as a genuine hidden principle of transcendental philosophy, whose sole justification is provided by its role in the Transcendental Logic. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000). Primary 03A05; Secondary 03-03, 01A50.


In this work, an experimental design was applied in the injection molding process of polycaprolactone (PCL), aiming to evaluate the mechanical properties (impact strength, tensile strength and Shore D Hardness), thermal (differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)) and thermomechanical (heat deflection temperature (HDT)), in PCL injected specimens. A type 2n planning was applied, with n = 3 and central point, having the input factors: processing temperature profile, mold temperature and injection flow. The results showed that the DSC curves presented a complex mechanism during crystallization, suggesting that depending on the processing conditions a high degree of crystallinity can be obtained. When using a higher processing temperature and a higher injection flow, there is an increase in the mass of the PCL parts. The impact strength is more expressive when a higher injection flow and a lower processing temperature are applied, reaching values around 260 J/m. The mold temperature impairs the elongation at the break of the PCL, while the elastic modulus was governed by the degree of crystallinity. A deleterious effect on HDT was observed with increased injection flow, suggesting that this parameter negatively affects thermomechanical resistance. The use of experimental design in the processing of PCL is important, since it is possible to optimize properties with the ideal conditions of injection molding.


We live in an increasingly globalized and culturally diverse society, in which individuals with different cultural backgrounds, different education, different personalities and different values must work together and achieve optimal results. Moreover, these cultural differences are noticeable even within a group of people of the same nationality. At the same time, lately there are more and more bicultural individuals, who belong simultaneously to different cultures. Nowadays, sport has an enormous impact on society, being an extremely popular phenomenon on a global scale and which has become a business in which huge sums are spent. Sport can have both a unifying effect, bringing together different individuals, but at the same time it can emphasize cultural differences and deep ethnic differences. All these arguments justify the increased interest in multiculturalism in general, and in multiculturalism in sport in particular. Using SPSS software, this study proposes a quantitative comparative analysis of how the country in which athletes evolve, namely Romania and France, influences adaptation, self-confidence, team integration and market share of athletes.


To solve the design problem of the tube joints in the design of steel pipe structure,influences of β(β is ratio of branch pipe diameter and the main pipe diameter)and γ(γ is ratio of main pipe diameter and the main pipe Wall thickness) on ultimate flexural capacity of the X-shaped steel tubular joints were analyzed by establishing a finite element model in finite element programmer of ANSYS for X-shaped steel tubular joints which used a three-dimensional and four-joint elastic-plastic shell 181 elements and ideal elastic-plastic materials.Impact rules of various factors on ultimate flexural bearing capacity of X-shaped steel tubular joints were given.


A digital front-end decimation chain based on both Farrow interpolator for fractional sample-rate conversion and a digital mixer is proposed in order to comply with the long-term evolution standards in radio receivers with ten frequency modes. Design requirement specifications with adjacent channel selectivity, inband blockers, and narrowband blockers are all satisfied so that the proposed digital front-end is 3GPP-compliant. Furthermore, the proposed digital front-end addresses carrier aggregation in the standards via appropriate frequency translations. The digital front-end has a cascaded integrator comb filter prior to Farrow interpolator and also has a per-carrier carrier aggregation filter and channel selection filter following the digital mixer. A Farrow interpolator with an integrate-and-dump circuitry controlled by a condition signal is proposed and also a digital mixer with periodic reset to prevent phase error accumulation is proposed. From the standpoint of design methodology, three models are all developed for the overall digital front-end, namely, functional models, cycle-accurate models, and bit-accurate models. Performance is verified by means of the cycle-accurate model and subsequently, by means of a special C++ class, the bitwidths are minimized in a methodic manner for area minimization. For system-level performance verification, the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing receiver is also modeled. The critical path delay of each building block is analyzed and the spectral-domain view is obtained for each building block of the digital front-end circuitry. The proposed digital front-end circuitry is simulated, designed, and both synthesized in a 180 nm CMOS application-specific integrated circuit technology and implemented in the Xilinx XC6VLX550T field-programmable gate array (Xilinx, San Jose, CA, USA).


Mineralization age of the gold deposits in Jiapigou gold ore belt is controversial. The paper presents data of SHRIMP dating on zircon in Jiapigou gold ore belt. 206Pb/? 208U age of the granitic diorite dyke in Erdaogou gold deposit is 223±2 Ma and quartz syenite dyke in Bajiazi gold deposit 241±6 Ma-218±6 Ma. The data are coincided with the previous results dating by K-Ar method. The two dykes occur in the same structural space with the gold-bearing quartz veins thus the age dated approximates that of the gold mineralization. The age of altered sericite from Bajiazi gold deposit dated by 40Ar- 39Ar method is 203.975±527 Ma,which indicates the mineralization took place in Indosinian period of Archean Era. All the data, together with occurrences of many galena and zonations of minerals and elements in Jiapigou gold deposits imply that the gold deposits would be rather magmatic hydrothermal gold deposits related to Mesozoic magmatism than New Archean or Paleo-Archean metamorphic hydrothermal gold deposits.


A brake system for railroad locomotive is discloses herein comprising brake control pipelines which contain a blast main, a train pipe, an average pipe, a brake cylinder pipe, an equalizing pipe, a capacity room pipe, an effect pipe, and a press regulating valve pipe, wherein theses brake control pipelines are provided with an air cylinder, a filter, a unidirectional valve, a shrink plug, a plug door, a small valve, a press regulating valve, a non-return valve, another unidirectional valve, an electric control valve, a distribution valve, a multi-locomotive valve, a relay valve, a bleed valve, and a sensor, the press regulating valve pipe controlling the wind supply for small valve, an equalizing cylinder being disposed at a sub-pipe of the equalizing pipe between the relay valve and a converting plug door, the equalizing pipe between the relay valve and the converting plug door being also provided with a sensor for the equalizing air cylinder, the distributing valve containing six sub-pipes which are respectively connected to the blast main, the capacity room pipe, the brake cylinder pipe, a working air cylinder, the train pipe and the plug door, the multi-locomotive valve being capable of communicating in different ways with average pipe, the capacity room pipe, and the brake cylinder pipe; wherein an air-filterer, the press regulating valve, the unidirectional valve and a cushioning air cylinder are in serial connection, the electric control valve and the shrink plug being in serial connection so as to control blast of the capacity room pipe.


In an opportunity when a 51-year-old female underwent health examination in April 1988, an abnormal calcification shadow was found in palin abdominal roentogenography. Splenic aneurysm with calcification was diagnosed via various imaging methods. Aneurysmectomy was performed, and the tail of the pancreas and the spleen were resected. The postoperative course was favorable. Detailed analysis was performed on 159 well documented cases of a total of 171 cases splenic aneurysm reported from 1911 to 1988 in Japan. The most common cause was portal hypertension, which noted in 51.8% of the 101 cases. Calcification was found in 25.6% of the 133 cases. Rupture of the aneurysm was observed in 23.3%, 46.4% of these dying after rupture. This disease shows no characteristic symptoms and is difficult to detect, When abnormal calcification shadows are found on plain abdominal X-ray films in patients with portal hypertension, splenic aneurysm must be suspected, and a complete examination should be done, The high mortality rate after rupture strongly suggests a necessity of positive surgical treatment before the aneurysm is ruptured.


Recently the color reproduction of the real objects is becoming more and more important in the field of telemedicine and internet shopping. To reproduce the object's color under the various conditions, the surface spectral reflectance has to be estimated. In this paper we present the novel way to estimate it using conventional 3- band digital camera. Usually the precise estimation of the spectra from the 3-band image is very difficult, as it has metameric black and the simple camera model is not suitable. To improve the estimation accuracy, we propose dividing color space in to clusters and estimating spectra using different model parameters at each cluster. Clusters are set corresponding to the major objects in camera images. Next the estimated spectral image is reproduced on the monitor. When luminance and color temperature of the specified viewing illuminant and the monitor are different, the subject hardly perceives the object's real color. Therefore the image is converted using CIECAM97s. This paper shows the results of simulation using the image of enlarged human's mouth assuming remote consulting with dental clinic. In this system, a dentist can perceive the real color of patient's gums and teeth on the monitor.


Optimization methods have shown to be efficient at improving structural design, but their use is limited in the engineering practice by the difficulty of adapting stateof-the-art algorithms to particular engineering problems. This study proposes the use of a robust gradient-based algorithm, whose adaptation to a variety of design problems is more straightforward. The algorithm was first applied to truss geometry and beam shape optimization, both forming part of the increasingly popular class of structural form-finding problems. The results showed that the gradient-based method is an appropriate tool for defining shapes in structures. The robustness of the algorithm was verified, as a series of structural configurations were treated with similar efficiency. The gradient-based method was also applied to a more traditional structural design problem through the optimization of a steel girder, resulting in a hybrid scheme featuring a truss stiffener. Throughout the study, emphasis was laid on the practical computer implementation of the gradient-based algorithm in interaction with structural analysis tools. Thesis Supervisor: Jerome J. Connor Title: Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering


Purpose To compare the ocular toxicity caused by the use of highly purified silicone oil to less purified silicone oil in humans. Methods Fifty-six eyes received 2,000 centistokes (cs) purified silicone oil (group 1) and 42 eyes received 2,000 cs fractionated (highly purified) silicone oil (group 2) after pars plana vitrectormy. Follow-up ranged from 6 to 48 months. Results Six months after injection, the following complications were found in groups 1 and 2, respectively: ocular hypotension (<13mmHg), 39.3% and 31%, sustained ocular hypertension (>23mmHg), 19.6% and 19%; acute hypertensive peaks (>30mmHg), 23.2% and 11.9%; corneal alterations, 19.6% and 14.3%; emulsification, 1.8% and 2.4%; silicone oil cloudiness, 28.6% and 0%; preretinal reproliferation, 14.3% and 4.8% and total or partial retinal reattachment, 78.6% and 90.5%. Conclusions Highly purified silicone oil was better tolerated than the less purified oil and caused fewer complications. Poorly purified silicone oils should be avoided in clinical practice.


The hadronic weak current is constructed in the three-triplet quark model with observable color. The current has the following properties: a) it satisfies the weak SU (2) algebra; b) the neutral current is completely diagonal and coincides with the electromagnetic current in the quark structure; c) the (white) part of the current has the properties of the Gabibbo current. The features of the colorless part of the nonleptonic Lagrangian obtained from this current are as follows: a) the ratio of the coefficients of the amplitudes of transitions with ..delta..T=1/2 and ..delta..T=3/2 is approx.25, which coincides with the experimental value; b) there are no transitions with ..delta..S=2; c) the magnitudes of the amplitudes of transitions with ..delta..T=0, 1, and 2 with no change of strangeness are comparable.


SYNOPSIS. Meridian ranges and contractile vacuole pore patterns were determined for 36 strains of Tetrahymena pyriformis, including most of the "classic" amicronucleate and micronucleate strains used by many investigators, plus a dozen other strains not previously characterized with respect to these two morphological features. Uniform axenic culturing and staining techniques were employed.

Meridian ranges and modes are analyzed with strain-by-strain comparisons to the reports of previous investigators. The overall inclusive range of the 36 strains was 15–25 meridians. Modes for individual strains varied from 16 to 23. Broader ranges and, especially, higher modes and higher limits are recorded than those reported by Corliss (1953) for strains grown in bacterized hay cultures. Two postoral meridians are characteristic, although a single individual having only one and a few having three postorals were observed. Three postorals were found only in those strains having the higher number of total meridians. A few individuals, showing an anterior half or a posterior half of a bipolar meridian missing, indicate a possible explanation of how a single dividing individual could produce a proter and an opisthe differing in the total number of meridians.

Meridian ranges of individual strains do not overlap each other in all cases, but they do constitute a progressively overlapping series which does not warrant taxonomic separation of strains at either extreme from each other.

Contractile vacuole pores varied from 1 to 3, with 2 pores (1 each in meridians 5 and 6) being characteristic of 22 of the strains. The 2-pore 6-7 pattern was modal for 8 of the strains. Presence of 3 pores (in 5, 6 and 7) was typical of only 2 strains, but 3 pores were found occasionally. Another pattern of 3 pores (in 6, 7 and 8) was observed occasionally in 10 strains. Double pores (in 6 and 7 or 7 and 8) and the triple pore patterns were observed only in the strains having the highest total number of meridians. These variations are not considered adequate justification for taxonomic separation.

Strains Ki and Aq are affirmed to be T. pyriformis. Strains V1 PP and V, formerly regarded as strains of T. vorax, are considered to be T. pyriformis, supporting the view of Shaw and Williams (1963).


Purpose – Productivity in library and information entails efficient and timely information acquisition, processing, storage, retrieval and delivery. The purpose of this paper is to explore the reasons why the productivity of women in library and information should be enhanced; to describe problems which militate against this; and to highlight their future prospects.Design/methodology/approach – These objectives are achieved through the descriptive survey methodology.Findings – The finding is that, in spite of the fact that the productivity of women in Nigeria has generally been regarded as low because of traditional prejudices against women and lack of data on the productivity of women in the informal sector, the productivity of women in the library and information sector has remained high and needs enhancement to encourage them to aim higher in the profession. One way of achieving this is by getting them fully involved in information technology. Another way is government's financial support of their aspi...


This book presents an international perspective on environmental education and specifi cally the infl uence that context has on this aspect of curriculum. The focus is on environmental education both formal and non formal and the factors that impact upon its effectiveness, particularly in non-Western and non-English-speaking contexts (i.e., outside the UK, USA, Australia, NZ, etc.). An important feature of the book is that it draws upon a diverse range of experiences from local experts in 25 countries. The book addresses topics such as: the development of environmental education in different countries, its implementation, the infl uence of political, cultural, societal or religious mores, governmental or ministerial drives, economic or other pressures driving curriculum reform, the infl uence of external assessment regimes on environmental education, and so on. Enironm etal Edcation in Cotext Neil Tylor, M icael Litedyke, Cris am es nd Rhard K. oll (ds.) Environmental Education in Context


The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a multi-layer circuit board with an internal connecting finger. The method comprises the following steps: first, manufacturing an inner layer boards, laminating the inner layer boards into a multilayer board, making a pattern on the multilayer board to form the connecting finger, and performing electrogilding treatment on the connecting finger; and then forming a window, which is wider than the connecting finger, in a non-flowing prepreg, enabling the window of the non-flowing prepreg to correspond to the connecting finger of the multilayer board in position, covering the upper surface and the lower surface of the non-flowing prepreg with copper foil, laminating the non-flowing prepreg and the connecting finger together, cutting off copper foil in a position corresponding to the connecting finger on the multilayer board to form the stepped multi-layer circuit board with the internal connecting finger. The connecting finger part of the multi-layer circuit board with the internal connecting finger is stepped and therefore can be used on slots which are staggered and are not on the same straight line, thus meeting assembly requirements under complex assembly situations and greatly reducing assembly difficulty.


[Objective] The research aimed to study the sensitivity of IBV-HN05 to multiplicate physical and chemical factors.[Method] IBV-HN05 was treated with heat,acid and alkali,pancreatic proteinic enzyme,aether,chloroform and formaldehyde,which was inoculated to ten days chicken embryo.The sensitivity of IBV-HN05 to multiplicate physical and chemical factors was observed through EID50.[Result] IBV-HN05 was killed by 56 ℃ within 45 minutes,but it could live for three hours in pH 2.5 and 10.5.It could be tolerated to 1% pancreatic proteinic enzyme.IBV-HN05 was killed by 20% aether for 24 hours,5% chloroform and 1% formaldehyde for 30 minutes.[Conclusion] Physical and chemical properties of IBV were different among virus.


Rural women are the most marginalized communities in Indian society. They have been denied from mainstream social and economic development which affects overall economic growth. Many welfare policies are being launched and executed in favor of rural people and women, who have been historically marginalized. They continue to be plagued by various issues such as unemployment, poverty, poor health and so on. Rural women, in particular, have poor health status, despite its links to their productivity and human capital. In this aspect, WHO defines that "better health is central to human happiness and well-being. It also makes an important contribution to economic progress, as the healthy population lives longer, is more productive, and save more". Rural women have limited access and opportunities to make use of health care policies. Rural women face various kinds of problems such as maternity, mother feeding, reproduction, malnutrition and sanitation which are directly affecting GDP. The major objectives of this study are to identify the awareness of key health issues related to women and children in rural areas and to find out the perception of women about the various government schemes and initiatives for tackling health issues in rural areas.


The logarithmic multiplicative group is a proper group object in logarithmic schemes, which morally compactifies the usual multiplicative group. We study the structure of the stacks of logarithmic maps from rational curves to this logarithmic torus, and show that in most cases, it is a product of the logarithmic torus with the space of rational curves. This gives a conceptual explanation for earlier results on the moduli spaces of logarithmic stable maps to toric varieties.


Introduction Lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) has been endorsed by the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). As a result, imaging facilities in all settings must develop the capability to organize and administer such screeningprograms. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the elements required for a successful LCS program focused on the 2015 CMS decision memo, the 2013 USPSTF recommendation statement, the 2014 joint policy statement by the American College of Chest Physicians and American Thoracic Society, and the 2014 joint practice parameters by the American College of Radiology and Society of Thoracic Radiology.


Sources and quality of drinking water were studies in the tribal belts of Chotanagpur plateau of Bihar. The main  sources of drinking water are: supply water, wells handpumps, streams, ponds, rivers and pitwater. Physjco-chemlcal parameter are within the permissible limits. But, the bacterial contamination  was  recorded in all the water  sources.  Due to  the use  of such contaminated water, the population suffers from diseases like diarrhoea, jaundice, amoebic dysentry, typhoid etc. It is advisable that such water must be treated before use.


Table lookups and other types of packet processing require so much memory bandwidth that the networking industry has long been a major consumer of specialized memories like TCAMs. Extensive research in algorithms for longest prefix matching and packet classification has laid the foundation for lookup engines relying on area- and power-efficient random access memories. Motivated by costs and semiconductor technology trends, designs from industry and academia implement multi-algorithm lookup pipelines by synthesizing multiple functions into hardware, or by adding programmability. In existing proposals, programmability comes with significant overhead. We build on recent innovations in computer architecture that demonstrate the efficiency and flexibility of dynamically synthesized accelerators. In this paper we propose LEAP, a latency-energy- and area- optimized lookup pipeline based on an analysis of various lookup algorithms. We compare to PLUG, which relies on von-Neumann-style programmable processing. We show that LEAP has equivalent flexibility by porting all lookup algorithms previously shown to work with PLUG. At the same time, LEAP reduces chip area by 1.5×, power consumption by 1.3×, and latency typically by 5×. Furthermore, programming LEAP is straight-forward; we demonstrate an intuitive Python-based API.


A series of continuous flow biological activated carbon(BAC) columns were operated for removing benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene and xylene(BTEX) from water to evaluate the effect of high loading and carbon type on the BAC treatment performance.The inoculated granular activated carbon(GAC) columns(EBCT =3.2min) became stable BAC systems quickly;with the exception of benzene,the TEX were totally removed from the 6mg/L single compound influent during the 40d study.The BAC treatment performance was affected for a few days after the increase in loading(8.68~12.9 kg TOC/(m3·d),BTEX =19~32mg/L,EBCT = 1.2min);the benzene column effluent was affected the most with a peak concentration of 10mg/L before declining to the base level of 5~10mg/L while TEX in effluents from the other columns remained at 5mg/L.Both coal and coconut GAC samples of the respective BAC columns treating the toluene feed exhibited much higher residual toluene capacities relative to the same type GAC of the non-bioactive columns due to bio-regeneration.The BAC function resulted in a more complete recovery of the toluene capacity of the coal GAC than the coconut GAC(53.6% vs.26.6%) because of its more abundant macropores and large mesopores.


This paper presents an analysis of the load signature problem based on Park-domain instantaneous power definition. In particular, the Park power vector is analyzed in the wavelet domain. The analysis is performed by using two different bases to obtain information on the selection criteria. Different loads are analyzed and different challenges are discussed. The transient data are obtained via simulation by using a particular simulation platform called Virtual Test Bed.


Hunger and thirst drive animals' consumption behavior and regulate their decision-making regarding rewards. We previously assessed the thirst states of monkeys by measuring blood osmolality under controlled water access and related the thirst states to risky decisions for fluid rewards. However, hunger assessments in monkeys have been poorly performed. Moreover, the lack of precise measures for hunger states leads to another issue regarding how hunger and thirst states interact with each other in each individual. Thus, when controlling food access to motivate subject performances, how these two physiological needs are satisfied in captive monkeys remains unclear. Here, we measured blood ghrelin levels and osmolality for hunger and thirst, respectively, in four captive macaques. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we found that the levels of blood ghrelin, a widely measured hunger-related peptide hormone in humans, were high after 20 h of no food access (with ad libitum water), which is a typical controlled food access condition. One hour after consuming the regular dry meal, the value decreased in three out of four monkeys to within the range of individual blood ghrelin levels. Additionally, blood osmolality measured from the same blood sample, the standard hematological index of hydration status, increased after consuming regular dry meals with no water access. Thus, ghrelin and osmolality may provide a precise reflection of the physiological states of individual monkeys for hunger and thirst, suggesting that these indices can be used as a tool for monitoring hunger and thirst levels that mediate the animal's decision-making for consuming rewards.


................................................................................................................................ xii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background of the Study ..................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Statement of the Problem ..................................................................................................... 6 1.3 Purpose of the Study ............................................................................................................ 8 1.4 Objectives of the study......................................................................................................... 8 1.5 Research Questions .............................................................................................................. 9 1.6 Research Hypothesis ............................................................................................................ 9 1.7 Significance of the Study ................................................................................................... 10 1.8 Delimitations of the Study ................................................................................................. 11 1.9 Limitations of the study ..................................................................................................... 11 1.10 Assumptions of the study ................................................................................................... 12 1.11 Operational Definition of terms ......................................................................................... 12 1.12 Organization of the study ................................................................................................... 12


Battiste (2009, p. 193) asserts that "modern educational theory and practice have, in large part, destroyed or distorted the ways of life, histories, identities, cultures, and languages of Aboriginal peoples". Critical in her discussion is consideration for the role of cognitive imperialism in higher level research and education. This necessitates the question, "How do we as Indigenous researchers avoid the trappings of cognitive imperialism within our work with Indigenous communities?" Indigenous scholars such as Gregory Cajete (1994) have urged for the resurgence of Indigenous pedagogies, suggesting that they are relevant within institutional settings, providing new insights and making substantial contributions. Utilizing Anishnaabe story as a framework, this article explores how the Anishnaabe pedagogy, Kinoo'amaadawaad Megwaa Doodamawaad1 can be applied to a post-secondary learning and research setting. Through this exploration, Cajete's viewpoint is corroborated. We see that the use of Anishnaabe pedagogy provides a substantial contribution to scholarship through its ability to facilitate a holistic and ethical understanding rooted in Anishnaabe knowledge.GreetingBoozhoo, Lana Ray Nindizhinikaaz. Lake Helen Nindoonjii. Maaskinoozhe n'dodem. (Hello, my name is Lana Ray. I am from Lake Helen First Nations. 1 am from the muskellunge clan.)Boozhoo, Paul Cormier Nindizhinikaaz. Lake Helen Nindoonjii. M'aiingan n'dodem. (Hello, my name is Paul Cormier. I am from hake Helen First Nations. I am from the wolf clan.)We have started with a greeting because we will share our experiences and thoughts through story. As Anishnaabe people2 we hold a relational view of the world so it is important to share about ourselves so that the knowledge presented can be situated within a web of relationships.The stories we share stem from our experiences as Anishnaabe people, community members, and researchers. As Anishnaabe graduate researchers in separate post-secondary institutions, we both felt coerced into conducting research in a way that did not fully respect Anishnaabe people, philosophy, and pedagogy. As members of an Anishnaabe community, we were mindful that Anishnaabe peoples were much more than informants, and rather aunties and uncles, knowledge holders, skilled navigators and hunters, philosophers, and such. Understanding the wealth and depth of knowledge that exists in a community context, it was imperative for both of us to conduct research with instead of on Anishnaabe peoples, in a way that embodied Anishnaabe understandings of learning that promoted meaningful and multi-dimensional relationships. Through an Anishnaabe process of knowledge creation, it was ensured that the knowledge that would emerge would be relevant and useful to Anishnaabe peoples and steeped within the tradition of reciprocal exchange.IntroductionWe begin with the Anishnaabe story "Nanaboozhoo and the Maple Trees", which will serve as the framework for the article. The choice to situate our discussion in story is three-fold. Firstly, story can be described as the "the mainstay of Anishnaabe knowledges", through its ability to teach us about anything and everything we need to know (McGuire, 2009, p. 67). Through the story of "Nanaboozhoo and the Maple Trees", as well as references to other cultural and personal stories, an understanding about the tenets of Anishnaabe pedagogy and its application within a post-secondary educational setting emerge from an Anishnaabe context.Secondly, the use of story also privileges Anishnaabe knowledge systems. By beginning with a condensed version of the story "Nanaboozhoo and the Maple Trees", we honour and actualize the Anishnaabe learning values of personal agency and responsibility present within storytelling. The use of stories also illustrates the relevance and benefit of story within contemporary spaces.Finally, Anishnaabe storytelling is an act of decolonization. …


Study Objective. To explore the suggested association between atypical neuroleptic use and the development of diabetes mellitus, with a focus on older adults.


The aim of this study was to determine the predation pressure of the grey wolf (Canis lupus) on wild ungulate populations and the relationship between the size of the grey wolf population and the number of confirmed kills of livestock and companion animals in Poland over eight hunting seasons from 2011/2012 to 2018/2019. There is a positive and complete relationship between the increasing wolf population and the number of confirmed deer kills. The size of the wolf population in Poland was compared to the size of domestic and companion animal population and the number of specimens that fell prey to the grey wolf. It was demonstrated that as the wolf population in Poland increases, the number of confirmed kills of farm and companion animals rises. It seems rational to take steps aimed at mitigating this problem as soon as possible. It is necessary to consider implementation of an integrated protection system that involves culling and employing available methods to deter wolves from attacking grazing herds.


Last decade witnessed the rapid development of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). More recently, the availability of inexpensive hardware such as CMOS cameras and microphones that are able to ubiquitously capture multimedia content from the environment has fostered the development of Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs). Nodes in such networks require significant amount of processing power to interpret the collected sensor data. Most of the currently available wireless multimedia sensor nodes are equipped with ARM7 core microcontrollers. On the other hand, ARM9 and ARM11 cores are viable alternatives, which deliver deterministic high performance and flexibility for demanding and cost-sensitive embedded applications. Thus, we evaluated the performance of the ARM9 and the ARM11 cores in terms of processing power and energy consumption. Our test results showed that the ARM11 core performed 3 to 4 times faster than the ARM9 core.


Cross sections are calculated for the charge transfer of N3+, C4+ and N5+ ions in collision with atomic and molecular hydrogen at impact energies up to 1 keV amu-1. The adiabatic potential energies and the relevant radial coupling matrix elements of the quasi-molecular system in collision are first calculated using a model potential method. The collision dynamics are subsequently treated by a quantum mechanical formalism. The resulting equations are solved by first transforming to a diabatic representation. A detailed comparison of the results with experimental measurements is used to interpret and examine the validity of the theoretical model and the consistency of the experimental data.


This study aims to develop a set of e-module teaching materials equipped with conceptual change text based on conceptual change theory on the Solar System materials. The research method used was Educational Design Research (EDR) with the Plomp model. The research consisted of three stages, namely the preliminary study, design development and product testing. At the initial stage, an analysis of competencies, essential materials, and misconceptions experienced by students in the Solar System material was carried out. There were major misconceptions such as the Sun as the biggest star, the motion of the planets that are always the same, the phases of the moon, revolution and rotation of the earth, Kepler's Laws II and III, solar eclipses, and Newton's gravity that occurs between the earth and the moon as well as the earth and the sun. These findings are the basis for developing the e-module. Based on the validation and practicality tests, the validation level was obtained at 3.85 which means very valid category and practicality at 93% means very practical category. Therefore, it can be concluded that the developed e-module teaching materials based on the conceptual change on the Solar System topics are valid and practical.


The behavior of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb), nutrients (organic C, P, and N parameters), and major ions was investigated during percolation of roof runoff water through an artificial infiltration site. The concentrations of the various components were determined in rainwater, roof runoff, and infiltrating water at various depths in the soil. The concentrations of most parameters in roof runoff were highest during the "first flush" at the beginning of rain events. Despite rapid infiltration caused by strong preferential flow, differences were still observed in infiltration behavior between individual compounds. Cl-, NO3-, SO42-, ortho-phosphate, and the major part of DOC behaved essentially conservatively during infiltration, whereas NH4+ concentration decreased probably as a consequence of nitrification. The concentrations of Ca, Mg, Na, K, and alkalinity were regulated by dissolution of soil material. The change in concentrations of Cu, Cd, and Cr during infiltration was mostly due to the concentra...


Understanding is key to Westerners and Chinese surmounting barriers Most of the media reports will not present a thorough and balanced analysis of the situation in Xinjiang, a vast region whose stability and development are not only strategic for the People's Republic of China


I. INTRODUCTION National governments often undertake efforts to privatize state-run enterprises in order to transition to a market economy or to achieve other economic and political development goals.(1) Often the impetus for such effort results from pressure placed on the country by foreign governments and multilateral institutions during times of economic crisis.(2) The International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank, and other lending institutions tend to link monetary assistance to government promises to privatize state-run industries--a concept consistent with these lending agencies' traditional free market orthodoxy.(3) Private actors, these agencies argue, generally deploy assets more efficiently than the public sector, which in turn benefits both domestic .consumers and the long-term growth of the overall economy. The push to privatize comes not only from lending agencies, but also from policy makers in countries attempting to remain competitive in an increasingly open and global commercial world.(4) Even though a number of developed nations used protectionism and created massive state owned enterprises (SOEs) to foster economic growth for decades after the Second World War, today many of these countries view privatization and deregulation as central components of economic restructuring and the promotion of continued GDP growth.(5) It now appears that most of the world has adopted the conventional wisdom that privatization is the best route to the development of competitive industries, the deepening of domestic and international capital supplies, and to continued economic growth in a world fixated on reducing commercial barriers and promoting a free market.(6) However, governments and lending agencies now recognize that privatization not only affects economic restructuring, but also has far reaching impacts on a nation's political and social environment.(7) Labor unions and employees of SOEs generally oppose the process because many workers are declared redundant and laid off under the control of private actors.(8) Also, when governments engage in trade sales or sell shares of state owned enterprises on the market, public control of services provided to the general population is necessarily forfeited. Governments looking to slash budgets will no longer subsidize some of these services--for example, electricity, transportation, or waste disposal--and, in the short term, prices may rise.(9) Opponents of privatization claim that once SOEs are sold, salaries will be cut, employees will be laid off, income distribution gaps will widen, service standards will be lowered, and prices will increase--assertions that easily generate vocal opposition to privatization.(10) Moreover, in a number of countries, many SOE board members and executives are well-connected politically and have profited handsomely from their positions.(11) These insiders may oppose the privatization of their companies, as it will likely result in decreased political influence and a loss of the budgetary kickbacks to which they have become accustomed.(12) Therefore, while economists can easily espouse the benefits of a privatization program, actors with vested interests--SOE employees, managers, directors, and often consumers--frequently mount stiff and unrelenting opposition to the concept.(13) In countries suffering economic downturns, like much of Southeast Asia was in the late 1990s, such opposition becomes much more pronounced; those who benefit from maintaining the status quo SOE system must fight harder to retain their slice of a rapidly shrinking pie.(14) For privatization to succeed in these instances, governments must not only be acutely aware of the economic complexities of the restructuring and sale of public enterprises; they must also address the political and social factors underlying the process. In the summer of 1998, the Royal Thai Government (RTG) unveiled plans for privatization as part of an overall strategy to recover from its recent financial downturn. …


Liang Qichao,a generally acknowledged thinker and academic master versed in Chinese and western learning in modern Chinese history,had very complex academic origins.The Ming Dynasty philosopher Chen Baisha had a deep influence on him.As an ancient worthy in his hometown,Chen's influence on him is mainly reflected in three aspects: imperceptible influence during his childhood,Chen's deep national sentiments and Liang's enlightenment by Chen's study of the mind.


Normal variations in auditory acuity are an important factor in all studies of sound and hearing. In the presence of a normal sound‐conductive mechanism, these variations originate either in the cerebral processes involved in hearing, or in the end‐organ of hearing, the cochlear mechanism.Variations in auditory acuity of central origin, such as variations due to the state of attention of variations in the sleeping state, have not been thoroughly studied. They primarily involve the perception of sound. Disease of the perceptive mechanism of hearing, as in the presence of brain tumor or meningitis, gives rise to "central" deafness. Though little attention has been directed by modern otology to the differentiation of "central" deafness and deafness due to disease changes in the inner ear, there are a number of signs available for this differentiation.Variations in auditory acuity of peripheral origin may be caused by many factors, such as barometric pressure, general bodily and circulatory tone and others; b...


This paper presents a method of fusion of lidar and camera multisensor data fusion systems, which compensates the shortcomings of monocular camera-based navigation system and Lidar-based navigation system. Because of the different imaging principle of lidar and camera, unify two coordinate systems before being calibrated. In order to complete the fusion and compensation between the lidar and camera in the data layer, the Rodriguez matrix is used to register the measured parameters. Then, the high accuracy and registered parameters are obtained by improved Danish iteration method with variable weights based on collinearity equation. Texture seams in color images are also differential corrected to provide the depth image of a high-resolution scene, which containing depth information of the unmanned vehicle. The new Slam algorithm is also designed by Invoking the Find-Contour function and Contour-Area function in Open CV library. In addition, the experiments prove the better performance of new SLAM method.


A recent trend in human-computer interaction has facilitated content production, such as innovation and information growth through intelligent systems, enabling unqualified users to describe a machine's behaviour through visual programming. However, the difficulty could become similar to the standard coding techniques as the number of elements to be managed increases. Entrepreneurial education is defined as a collection of formalized lessons that advise, train, and educate all people who want to participate in socio-economic development through a project that promotes knowledge of entrepreneurship to advance the business. Hence, in this paper, the Human-computer interaction-based Entrepreneurship learning platform (HCI-ELP) has been proposed to boost student quality of life by enhancing self-confidence and changing the learning timeframe. HCI provides several promising implications for integrating knowledge management approaches, taking advantage of computer-supported interactive learning from entrepreneurship learning platforms. The suggested approach recommends collaboration to learn for students' opinions on learning developed through a questionnaire's tasks. Thus, the experimental results show that HCI-ELP achieves the highest performance rate to 97.66% and enhances student interaction in completing the task to improve curriculum development.


This article discusses the history status of ru shēng biǎo from three aspects to have informs ru shēng biǎo in archaic Chinese phonology: 1,contemporaries and descendant scholar's valuation;2,ru shēng biǎo's influency to descendant archaic Chinese phonology study;3,ru shēng biǎo's faults and its insufficiency.we examine the use of ru shēng biǎo in the other studies of the archaic Chinese phonology,there are at least three uses: a.helping make up rhyme tables;b.classifying characters to right rhyme categories;c.reconstructing the system of the Archaic Chinese pronunciation.Meanwhile,we point out Jiang's mistakes and shortcomings.


Objective To provide the scientific basis for prevention and control strategy by analyzing the characteristics of population distribution of pulmonary tuberculosis patients.Methods The database of tuberculosis patients among the physical examination population in Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from June 2009 to May 2012 was established,and the epidemiological data of these tuberculosis patients were analyzed.Results A total of 505 tuberculosis cases were detected,including 402 male patients and 103 female patients.There was a significant difference of detection rates between male and female(x2 =169.75,P < 0.01).Among 505 cases,289 cases (57.22 %) were 31 to 50 years old,and 125 cases were medical workers (24.75%) with higher detection rate (x2 =33.13,112.28,73.66,120.25,P all < 0.01) than those of population from science education and culture,food hygiene,public places trade and other trade.Conclusions Most of the tuberculosis infection cases are young adults from 2009 to 2012.The annual detection rate of medical workers is increasing year by year.It is necessary to take measures to control the infection of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Key words:
Tuberculosis,pulmonary; Physical examination


The focus on increasingly student-centered methodological approaches is a current concern of all of those involved in educational contexts as they face the challenges of the 21st century. The present study, supported by the "Made by them to them: the students in the learning process" approach [1] and integrated within the scope of the IFITIC project (Innovate in Initial Training with ICT), focuses particularly on Higher Education and presents a reflection on the use of active methodologies in the didactic framing of languages and cultures at the undergraduate level. Starting from the concept of "Made by them to them" in higher education (idem), we turned our attention to the curricular area of foreign languages and cultures having conducted a case study for this purpose. The students implemented strategies consistent with the concept, and data collection focused on reflections and field notes written by the Curricular Unit Teacher who accompanied the entire training process. Also, the analysis of contents and results was based on the categories of that same approach. It was concluded that in this specific context, "Made by them to them" promotes a way of learning to learn that drives the students to discover themselves and the world: not only individually in an informal context, but also collaboratively in a formal context where they integrate and share knowledge and skills in a more natural manner, meeting an innovative, enriching and meaningful teaching and learning experience. In this framework of active methodologies, teaching practice is enriched and students are prepared for the real work context, for their journey as individuals and citizens of the 21st century. Keywords— Pedagogical innovation; 21st Century skills, active methodologies, flipped classroom. I. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK The information era has thrown humanity into a new paradigm whose digitization, dematerialization, and connection have expanded storage and communication capabilities, overcoming spatial and temporal boundaries, favoring global integration and, consequently, the transformation of personal, professional and social aspects of our lives. This framework implies changes in society in general and in education in particular, as stated by: changes in qualification, training, skills and knowledge, ethical attitudes and behaviors, relationships, organization and evaluation, in the curriculum, in all aspects of the educational phenomenon [2]. Therefore, there is a need to recreate the teaching-learning process by finding new active approaches that respond to students' interests and the challenges of a society increasingly organized around complex digital networks, as the misalignment of these vectors is a generating factor of demotivation among students [3, 4, 5, 6, 7.] Active methods underlie the notion that all activity exercised in this context fosters the construction of knowledge as a process, not linking it exclusively to the moment of discovery, of the final product. Thus, the student actively participates in the preparation of tasks and in the elaboration of knowledge, placing the emphasis, simultaneously, on their reflective and acting capacity. Seeking to make this idea cometo life in this study, we met the guiding principles of active methods as identified by Douglas Barnes [8), by creating relevant tasks for students, promoting opportunities for reflection and negotiation throughout the process, so that they could carry out tasks critically with relevance and connection to their day to day, to their professional future, responding to specific needs and questions of foreign languages and cultures, in an atmosphere of motivation, autonomy and commitment to individual learning and peer learning. Studies such as "It's Not About Seat Time: Blending, Flipping, and Efficiency in Active Learning Classrooms" by Baepler, Walker, and Driessen [9], show us that active methodologies reduce the focus on the teacher within the classroom, increasing student autonomy and providing results as good or even better than those achieved in "traditional classes". These authors also report that the International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science (IJAERS) [Vol-6, Issue-11, Nov2019] https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.611.61 ISSN: 2349-6495(P) | 2456-1908(O) www.ijaers.com Page | 391 data show that these methodologies allow for better management of school spaces, time for all involved, giving learners a more positive overall perception of their own learning experience. In addition to the focus on active methodologies, we cannot help but reflect on the theme of collaborative work, as we consider that it is precisely in line with our approach to active methodologies, namely because collaboration involves issues such as listening to others, asking questions, expressing an opinion, settling disputes, and even being willing to change their minds, to the point of being able to evaluate different perspectives and detect stereotypes, prejudices, negotiate, make effective arguments based on evidence gathered, evidence, and accept differences of opinion (...). [10, p. 223] We believe that the model followed in this study attempts to frame the four essential elements for effective learning, as pointed out by Osler and Starkey [11, p. 51], namely the acquisition of knowledge, the opportunities for reflection around cultures and identities, the experience of living in a democratic community and the development of the skills necessary for participation. It then became necessary to ensure that, in the design and implementation of the project, we were encompassing the requirements also listed in the work mentioned above, in view of the participatory aspect of the work. Blumenfeld, Marx, Soloway and Krajcik[12] tell us that "Policymakers and researchers see small group work as a way to improve attitudes towards school, foster achievement, develop thinking skills, and promote interpersonal and intergroup relations". (p.37) However, they also warn us of the dangers of misuse of this strategy, as this may lead to stigmatization of students with greater difficulties or even special needs, opening a gap and creating a large separation between learners of a given class. Therefore, we seek to follow the idea that "the ways to overcome these problems must be adapted to the unique circumstances of the students, curriculum and context." [12, p.37], by looking at the specificity of higher education and the area of foreign language and culture teaching in a very particular way and implementing strategies consistent with that specificity, as we will further explain in the treatment of the methodology followed in this case study. We would also like to mention the growth of formal, nonformal and informal paradigms of education as guaranteeof inclusion in education and of equal opportunities in social participation. Knowing that the acquisition of digital competences, their critical and responsible use, as well as mastery of other transversal skills, favor inclusion and progress in the light of empowerment, identity development and citizenship, we also intend to give prominence to that very same theme in this text. As the Council of Europe tells us, In short, equipping learners with the competences specified (...) is an essential step which needs to be taken to empower them to choose and pursue their own goals within a context of respect for human rights and democratic processes. Equipping them with these competences through the educational system, alongside taking action to tackle structural disadvantages and inequalities, is crucial to ensure the future health of our culturally diverse democratic societies and the empowerment and nourishing of all young people who live within them [13, p. 66]. Having said that, and considering that the mere use of technology alone does not guarantee school success, we affirm that education professionals are needed to promote new pedagogical approaches as tools to improve education and make it increasingly inclusive [14]. Knowing that workers nowadays are valued for their creativity and emotional intelligence [15], for their valuecreation skills, for how they are able to meet challenges with commitment and by "thinking outside the box", it is up to society to become increasingly concerned about the inclusion of all individuals, and aware of their rights and duties as citizens. This scenario imposes critical thinking, problem solving, collaboration, agility and adaptability, initiative and entrepreneurship skills, good oral and written communication, ability to access information and analyze it, curiosity and imagination, areas to be put to practice and stimulated from the earliest moments of school life [10], and throughout life as well. This same inclusion theme deserves a prominent position in the theoretical and practical works in the field of education, and this framework strengthens the management of the curriculum in a flexible and contextualized manner [7], stresses the pillars of education [[16] and creates a framework of reference for learners based on a humanist-based curriculum that advocates a people-centered society and human dignity as core values. Thus, it considers learning as the center of the educational process, inclusion as a requirement, and social contribution as a challenge that imposes an atmosphere that values freedom, knowledge, responsibility, and awareness of oneself and others [17]. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science (IJAERS) [Vol-6, Issue-11, Nov2019] https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.611.61 ISSN: 2349-6495(P) | 2456-1908(O) www.ijaers.com Page | 392 For this reason, we consider it appropriate to address this issue also in the light of the present investigation. According to UNESCO [18], inclusive education is a process that involves the transformation of schools and other centres of learning to cater for all children – including boys and girls, students from ethnic and


Magnetic susceptibility (χ) and Mossbauer effect measurements of iron substituted in 1T‐TaS2 are reported. The susceptibility χ in FexTa1−xS2 for 0<X?1/3 has an anomalous behavior. For X=0.05, X below 150 K shows that Fe is divalent low spin state (S=0). Above 150 K, X increases with temperature indicating a smooth transition in the spin configuration of iron from low spin to a magnetic high spin configuration. For X≳0.05 the transition is moved to higher temperature. Mossbauer effect measurements of Fe57 in FexTa1−xS2 indicates that below the transition the Fe spin configuration is low spin Fe2+ state (1A1g) which transforms gradually increasing temperature to high spin Fe2+ state (5T2g). At high temperatures T≳800 K almost all the iron ions are in Fe2+ high spin state. The transition occurs when the trigonal crystal field energy and the Hund's rule exchange energy are comparable in magnitude. The isomer shift data show that the transition is dynamical and that the rate constants for the processes indica...


In the beginning of the 1930's. Le Corbusier's new attention turned toward the local conditions of construction, which can be associated with the prevailing sprit of regionalism and vernaculaire culture. What especially concerns us here is the reference that Le Corbusier makes to vernacular architecture, which we have seen to be the soure of his late houses. During the 1950's, with the United' habitation and the Jaoul houses, Le Corbusier ushered in a new housing trend onto the scene. noteworthy for its use of raw materials and for its opposition to the international style.


Guidance and counselling teachers need to understand and be skilled in technology, especially understanding and implementing social media in the current era of disruption. Social media as a means of supporting the implementation of career guidance services. This article is to obtain the stages of career guidance with social media as a service support media. The research method uses literature studies to design social media models in career guidance, using national and international journals and scientific articles. Career guidance in schools has the function of introducing, knowing interests, helping make decisions, and adjusting to the world of work. Interactive media in career guidance services is a multimedia-based service. The function of social media for students is to expand social interaction as an unlimited information field and as a means of directed information. Career guidance needs an active role from guidance and counselling teachers for students. The critical part of school career guidance is to establish themselves and realize meaningful career decisions. Guidance and counselling teachers can apply social media as interactive media in school career guidance services.


Background:Increased abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with systemic inflammation. The influence of VAT on pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not been studied. The objective of this study was to investigate the differences in VAT between pediatric patients with IBD and age-matched controls and identify associations between VAT and Crohn's disease (CD) outcomes. Methods:Single-center retrospective cohort study of 114 pediatric patients with IBD (101 CD and 13 ulcerative colitis) who had abdominal computed tomography at diagnosis. VAT volumes were measured from computed tomography images. A control group of 78 age-matched patients without IBD who had abdominal computed tomography was selected for comparison. Results:Median VAT was 634 cm3 (interquartile range, 411–1041) in the IBD group and 659 cm3 (interquartile range, 394–1015) in the controls. IBD group had 33% higher VAT than controls (95% confidence interval [CI], 11–58) P = 0.002 after adjusting for body mass index and age. In patients with CD, higher VAT was associated with fistulizing or fibrostenotic disease (odds ratio [OR], 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1–2.9; P = 0.03), CD hospitalizations (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.2–3.4; P = 0.01), moderate or severe disease activity scores (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1–3.1; P = 0.02), and shorter intervals from diagnosis to surgery (hazard ratio, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.0–2.0; P = 0.05) after adjusting for body mass index and age. Conclusions:At diagnosis, pediatric patients with IBD have higher adjusted VAT volumes than age- and body mass index–matched controls. Higher VAT volumes in pediatric patients with CD predicted more hospitalizations, increased likelihood of complicated disease, shorter interval from diagnosis to surgery, and higher disease activity scores at diagnosis.


AZX312 (AZ31-2Ca) magnesium alloy, with starting conditions of as-cast (AC), cast-homogenized (CH), and disintegrated melt deposition (DMD), is examined in terms of its compressive strength and hot working behavior to establish the relative merits and limitations of these processing routes. Processing maps are developed in the temperature range of 300–500 °C and strain rate range of 0.0003–10 s−1, and mechanisms of hot deformation are established based on microstructures, tensile ductility, and activation parameters. The alloy in AC and CH conditions has a large grain size with intermetallic phases at the grain boundaries and in the matrix. In DMD processed alloy, the grain size is very small and the phases are refined and distributed uniformly. The compressive strength is significantly improved by DMD processing, which is attributed to the grain refinement. The processing maps for AC and CH conditions are similar, exhibiting only a single workability domain, while the DMD processed alloy exhibited three domains that enhanced workability. The additional workability domain at higher strain rates is an advantage in designing forming processes that facilitates faster production, while the fine grain size produced by a finishing operation in the lower temperature domain will improve the mechanical properties of the product.


Tunnel geological advanced prediction is not only fundamental in tunnel excavating but also a difficult problem to the engineering geophysical circles.So this paper reviews the history of tunnel geological advanced prediction,including tunnel seismic prediction,horizontal sonic profiles,land sonic,ground penetrating radar,infrared detection,advanced boreholes and advanced tunnel in China,and then introduces its research progress in recent years.It analyzes their current situation and discusses their disadvantages of geometrical structure imaging,physical structure imaging and complex geological body detection.At last some existing problems such as basic theory study,forward and inversion study,multi-parameter utilization and building of 3D advanced alarm system have been pointed out.Some basic concepts to solve those problems have been provided.


An analysis of approaches to establish a national carbon budget has been made in a separate report to the AGO (see Appendix I). That report outlined several options and the implications of these. Two critical issues in establishing such a system are assessing biomass changes and establishing soil carbon pools. There are a range of existing capabilities which could be used to model changes in vegetative biomass for the purpose of constructing national carbon budgets, although there is further developmental work needed on these approaches. Work on soil carbon pools is less well established. We describe a set of approaches to developing soil carbon surfaces for Queensland as a test area. One of these approaches is suitable for investigating the potential impacts of climate change on soil carbon. We use this to make preliminary estimates of soil carbon change under various global change scenarios.


When Langmead 1 in 1906 reported eight cases of salicylate poisoning in children, two of which were fatal, he called attention to the similarity of these cases to diabetic acidosis. Likewise, he referred to the term "salicyl-dyspnea," which Quincke had used in 1882, when he too had apparently noted the resemblance. Since that time this observation has been abundantly confirmed. It would appear, however, that the syndrome produced by overdosage of salicylate has not been sufficiently stressed to make it common knowledge. Standard textbooks and systems of medicine, as well as key treatises on the subject of diabetes, do not mention it. Two of the textbooks on pediatrics which we examined described it briefly under "poisons." Our object in restating this problem under the foregoing title is again to call attention to this similarity. REPORT OF CASE History.— H. U., a boy, aged 18 months, was sent to the Children's


The presence of point defects is expected to influence the properties of free carrier in semiconductors. We have used the techniques of ultrafast laser spectroscopy to characterize the dynamics of photoinjected carriers in several III–V semiconductors grown at low temperature. The initial scattering time and the lifetime of the carriers become very short at low growth temperatures. Results obtained with low-temperature grown III–Vs are compared to those obtained with III–Vs grown at normal temperatures and amorphous silicon.


Molecular dynamics simulation of sub-10 nm pattern formation in electron beam lithography is performed for the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) resist. The effect of electron exposure is modeled by the chain scission of the polymer molecule, and the small segments of polymer molecules are removed from the resist structure in the development process. The acceleration voltage dependence, shot noise, and proximity effects are studied with the simulation. Under the conditions wherein the electron scattering and shot noise effects are suppressed, the line edge roughness becomes close to the size of the resist molecule segment. The structure of the resist molecule also affects the proximity effect.


A circuit for detecting a voltage change is described. Circuit includes a power supply insensitive type generator for generating a pulse signal. Circuit also includes a power supply insensitive type generators in combined time / digital converter. Time / digital converter produces a digital signal based on the pulse signal and the voltage. Circuit also detects a voltage change on the basis of a digital signal, comprising a controller coupled to the time / digital converter.


A kind of electric and magnetic field generators with adjustable waveforms and intensity output to simulate lightning electromagnetic fields are presented. The electric fields measured by a dipole antenna and ranged from 0 to 300kV/m can be generated within the GTEM cell by feed-in of an impulse voltage. The magnetic fields measured by a `B-dot' coil and ranged from 0 to 3000 A/m can be generated within the coil by feed-in of a surge from the lightning surge generator. The relatively homogeneous lightning electromagnetic pulse (LEMP) environment could be provided within certain area in the GTEM cell and the coil, which can be used to evaluate the immunity of small electronic systems or devices towards LEMP with low cost.


This paper deals with an optimal landing motion of a 4-link legged robot that minimizes the impact force at the contact point and the joint torques necessary during the motion. The cost function for optimization is given as the weighted sum of the one for impact force and the one for joint torques. While the configuration where the leg is bent is advantageous in reducing the impact force, the configuration that is close to a singular configuration is advantageous in minimizing the joint torques. It is shown by numerical optimization results with different weights for the cost function.


The problem of finding good approximations of arbitrary 1-qubit gates is identical to that of finding a dense group generated by a universal subset of $SU(2)$ to approximate an arbitrary element of $SU(2)$. The Solovay-Kitaev Theorem is a well-known theorem that guarantees the existence of a finite sequence of 1-qubit quantum gates approximating an arbitrary unitary matrix in $SU(2)$ within specified accuracy $\varepsilon > 0$. In this note we study a quantitative description of this theorem in the following sense. We will work with a universal gate set $T$, a subset of $SU(2)$ such that the group generated by the elements of $T$ is dense in $SU(2)$. For $\varepsilon > 0$ small enough, we define $t_{\varepsilon}$ as the minimum reduced word length such that every point of $SU(2)$ lies within a ball of radius $\varepsilon$ centered at the points in the dense subgroup generated by $T$. For a measure of efficiency on T, which we denote $K(T)$, we prove the following theorem: Fix a $\delta$ in $[0, \frac{2}{3}]$. Choose $f: (0, \infty) \rightarrow (1, \infty)$ satisfying $\lim_{\varepsilon\to 0+}\dfrac{\log(f(t_{\varepsilon}))}{t_{\varepsilon}}$ exists with value $0$. Assume that the inequality $\varepsilon \leqslant f(t_{\varepsilon})\cdot 5^{\frac{-t_{\varepsilon}}{6-3\delta}}$ holds. Then $K(T) \leqslant 2-\delta$. Our conjecture implies the following: Let $\nu(5^{t_{\varepsilon}})$ denote the set of integer solutions of the quadratic form: $x_1^2+x_2^2+x_3^2+x_4^2=5^{t_{\varepsilon}}$. Let $M\equiv M_{S^3}(\mathcal{N})$ denote the covering radius of the points $\mathcal{N}=\nu(5^{t_{\varepsilon}})\cup\nu(5^{t_{\varepsilon}-1})$ on the sphere $S^{3}$ in $\mathbb{R}^{4}$. Then $M \sim f(\log N)N^{\frac{-1}{6-3\delta}}$. Here $N\equiv N(\varepsilon)=6\cdot5^{t_{\varepsilon}}-2$.


Objective To study the correlation factors of old female primary osteoporosis(POP). Methods The case-control method was used for data analysis between 118 female cases of POP in case group and 101 female cases without POP in control group in Zhuhai area. Results The significant factors of single factor analysis including body mass index(BMI),types of working,menopause age and period,menorrhea period,the first gestation and parturition age,parity,the average period of breast-feed,drinking milk,outdoor walking,walking times and distance,solar radiation or not and sunshine duration(P0.05).Then the significant factors of single factor analysis were incorporated into multiple Logistic regression analysis.The result showed that there was a negative correlation between the morbidity of older female POP and the following factors which were BMI,types of working,menopause age,walking distance and solar radiation or not(OR1,P0.05);and a positive correlation between the morbidity of older female POP and menopause period,average breast-feeding duration(OR1,P0.05). Conclusion The BMI,types of working,walking distance,menopause age and solar radiation or not are the protective factors of older female POP;and the menopause period and average breast-feeding duration are the risk factors of older female POP.


Such enquiries can only be meaningful if carried out in relation to specific clearly-defined and preferably unitary behavioural entities or processes. As my reasons and those of the authors for rejecting the IQ for this purpose are not the same, there is little point in commenting on their arguments and evidence. Much of it is second hand via Kamin's The Science and Politics ofIQ. The recent work of Vandenberg, Royce and Hakstian deserved direct consideration. Similarly the gist of the papers on heritability submitted to detailed mathematical analysis by Goldberger, whom they quote as concluding that the authors of these papers did not observe the ordinary canons of scientific research and scholarly discourse, should also have been given. One should not accuse hereditarians of misrepresenting and misinterpreting original research literature, misapplying sophisticated statistical methods borrowed from geneticists and general dishonesty in stating their case, (these are their words, more appropriate to political polemics than to scientific discourse) on what is largely secondary evidence.


Objective: To investigate the diagnosis value of biphasic contrast enhancement and angiography of dual source CT(DSCT)in acute mesenteric ischemia(AMI)patients.Methods:Twenty-six cases of AMI proven by operation or interventional therapy underwent whole abdomen DSCT pre-and post-contrast scan.Double phase scan and CT angiography were performed at arterial phase and portal venous phase for all patients.Results:It was found that AMl was caused by superior mesenteric artery embolism(n=8),superior mesenteric artery thrombosis(n=4),mesenteric venous thrombosis(n=14).The direct CT signs were found to be filling defect with low density in mesenteric vessels,with embolism(n=17)or severe stenosis(n=9).The indirect CT signs consisted of bowel wall thickening(n=21),dilatation of bowel loops with air-fluid levels(n=18),decrease attenuation of enhanced extent in bowel wall(n=7),pneumatosis of bowel wall(n=5),edema and exudation of mesenteric adipose tissue(n=19),strand sign(n=14)and seroperitoneum(n=12).Conclusions:The biphasic contrast enhancement and angiography of DSCT can clearly demonstrate the definite position,extent and secondary change of mesenteric vessel occlusion and is valuable in diagnosis and clinical management.


Object tracking is an essential process for automating various video surveillance applications. In order to obtain the trajectories of every moving objects in a scene, the tracking algorithm has to equip with the ability in handling occlusion. Among the existing tracking algorithms, most of the researches used prediction model to estimate the object's trajectory of the consecutive frames. The estimated position serves as a reference tool to detect and resolve occlusion. This study aims to analyze the performance of Kalman filter prediction model during occlusion incident. Although, Kalman filter is widely applied for object tracking, less effort is done on evaluating the parameter setting and its effect in long-term full occlusion. Experiments are conducted with tracking datasets of varying velocity and acceleration. The experimental result is compared with a conventional predicted motion model to verify the performance of Kalman filter during occlusion.


Introduction: The condition of low back pain is a musculoskeletal problem without age limit. Patients with lower back pain tend to take analgesic drugs to reduce pain. Apart from pharmacological consumption, the tendency for low back pain sufferers to seek other alternatives, namely; physiotherapy treatment. One of the physiotherapy treatments for low back pain is giving infrared and William flexion exercise or a combination of both. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of infrared and William flexion in reducing pain and flexibility of the lumbar muscles. Method: The research design is quasi experimental pre-posttest with control group. The study population consisted of 44 patients with low back pain at Physiomar Clinic by dividing 40 samples into intervention groups (William flexion exercise) and control group (Infrared and William Flexion Exercise) 2 times/week for 1 month. The pain level measured by using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and flexibility using the Modified Schober Test (MST).  The data was analyzed by Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney (α≤0.05). Results: This study in intervention group showed a median pre-post pain score of 6.00-5.00 and a median pre-post flexibility value of 3.00-3.00 (p=0.000); while control group showed a median pre-post pain score of 6.00-2.00 and a median pre-post flexibility value of 2.50-10.00 (p=0.000). The combination of infrared and William flexion exercise is better than William flexion exercise for changes in pain and flexibility in low back pain patients at the physiomar clinic


Summary: The effects of Giardia lamblia on small bowel function were studied. Thirty‐three asymptomatic children were studied before and after treatment with metronidazole (Nimorazol®). Patients had a small intestinal biopsy, bile salt determinations, and the following absorptive tests: D‐xylose, triglyceride, and lactose and sucrose tolerance tests. Before treatment, 87% had unconjugated bile salts in duodenal fluid but afterwards only 60% did. Small bowel biopsy changes did not correlate with the pre‐ and posttreatment periods. Triglyceride absorption showed significant differences between patients at different periods of the study; D‐xylose absorption did not reveal differences between the periods of the study but was significantly impaired when compared with controls. Lactose malabsorption was detected in 56% and sucrose in 7% of the patients. G. lamblia may have some pathogenic role, although nonspecific to intestinal function. It probably acts more in a synergistic way with other pathogenic agents that inhabit the intestinal lumen of children living under unfavorable conditions producing the picture of tropical enteropathy.


Results are reported of a finite element stress analysis for the linear elastic deformation around the equipment hatch opening in prestressed concrete containment. The dimensions and form of the containment are taken to be representative of current design practice for the primary containment of a PWR power station; however the study is generic. Of particular interest is the response of the containment to beyond design-basis load levels. To this end results are included which involve over-load pressurization together with an approximate treatment of the propagation and stability of cracks in the concrete around the equipment hatch opening.


As we can interact with other people through various social applications, we have acquired increasing amounts of virtual possessions that have both personal and social meanings. Unlike material possessions that usually have a clear ownership to a person, the emerging virtual possessions are often created by and shared with multiple people. Thus, the values of such virtual possessions are not only personally, but also socially constructed and cherished. As it becomes important to understand and support the interpersonal contexts where people encounter and acquire various virtual possessions, the present study investigated how people attach personal and social meanings to their virtual possessions. In this paper, we introduce such meaning-making activities with two foci: i) curation activities of creating social meanings of personal virtual possessions, ii) curation activities of creating personal meanings of social virtual possessions. The results of this study will be helpful to consciously think and design the ways to enrich meaningful experiences with digital things.


Mercury emission field measurements were conducted for two types of coal from Polish mines. Total mercury content were evaluated in coal and ash on mercury analyzer atomic absorption spectrometer AMA 254. Obtained result shows that brown coal contains more mercury compared to hard coal (289 ppb and 66 ppb respectively for a polydisperse system). Mercury concentration in ashes is several times higher than for coal which means ash may be a good absorber for mercury. Also, application of oxy-fuel technology results in smaller amount of mercury absorbed in the ash which can be related to higher emission of Hg in the gaseous form.


The aim of this paper is to approach an interactive learning environments of diagnosis support and aid in the treatment of patients who present neurological problems. This paper proposes an architecture that facilitates the activities of the medical students, in decision-support, giving advice in physiotherapy about patients with cerebral vascular accident


Let's skip the business (except for a few items) and do something technical this time. You have all heard about the recent developments in local network technology that will permit to communicate between machines at rates of 10 Mega bits per second or higher. On first blush, these high speed interconnections might be viewed as THE breakthrough that will allow "true" distributed computing without painful delays. However, more careful consideration of the problem leads to a slight dampening of our fervor. First, we must realize tht a high speed interconnection will not make computers or disks run any faster than they do at the moment. Many small systems are simply not capable of utilizing a 10 Mbit link even if their entire capacity were devoted to reading or writing packets. With more powerful CPU's, it is possible to construct a system that will transfer data between machines at close to the speed of the disks. Several file transfer protocols have been implemented which operate close to disk speed, but which utilize only a small percentage of the communication bandwidth. Once the disk becomes the limiting factor, extra bandwith on the communications link can not improve performance.


This paper proposes a new method for modeling the secondary path and neutralizing the feedback path for a feedforward single channel active noise control (ANC) system in a duct, during its online operation. Using auxiliary white noise with fixed variance for this purpose is the most widely used method but in the final stage the noise adds up to the residual error and reduces the performance of the ANC system. In the proposed method a gain scheduling strategy is used to control the variance of the injected white noise. The variance is in turn controlled by the convergence of the feedback path neutralization filter and the secondary path modeling filter. Instead of the traditional Least Mean Squares (LMS) algorithm, the Normalized Least Mean Squares (NLMS) algorithm is used in the proposed method. This ensures the robustness of the system in practical situations, where the power of the signal can vary anytime. The algorithm is tested in a MATLAB/Simulink environment. Custom Simulink blocks like Fx_NLMS block were designed using Level-2 S-Functions from Simulink. Simulations show that the proposed method ensures reduced steady state error at the error microphone and provides an excellent steady state performance even if power of input noise is varied.


Based on time-series data from 1978 to 2010,this paper uses state space model of time-varying parameter to analyze dynamic influence of the total scale,country market and distribution environment of rural distribution on rural consumption.Research shows that elasticity coefficient of distribution industry on rural consumption is remarkably different in different periods.Firstly,unit growth of total rural distribution causes rural consumption growth,and the positive impact is increasing every year.But annual average growth of rural distribution is slow,so contribution ratio of total distribution on rural consumption growth doesn't increase significantly as elasticity coefficient rises,contribution ratio shows little change in most years.Secondly,farmers market played a very important role in rural consumer spending from 1978 to 1995;the influence of farmers market on rural consumption weakened gradually with the increase of farmer's income and the improvement of distribution environment from 1996 to 2010.Thirdly,poor distribution environment can increase farmer's consumption costs and reduce their consumption expectation,causing crowding-out effect on rural consumption;better distribution environment can reduce the cost of consumer spending and raise consumer expectation,causing crowding-in effect on rural consumption.


The majority of Asian countries are net importer of edible oils; therefore these oils cannot be used for the production of biodiesel. According to the proposed National Mission on biodiesel in India, and due to other reasons already mentioned in previous chapters, we have undertaken studies on stability of biodiesel from tree borne non-edible oil seeds Jatropha curcas and Pongamia pinnata. Study on stability of palm biodiesel (PBD) was also done. In this chapter, the oxidation stability (OS), low temperature flow properties and other physico-chemical properties of aforementioned biodiesels, as investigated are discussed. Influence of the various antioxidants, metal contaminants, metal deactivator (MD) on the OS will be discussed. Influence of the different organic contaminants likely to be present in trace amounts on biodiesel properties especially low temperature flow properties will also be discussed. Dependence of the OS and low temperature flow properties on the FAME compositions of biodiesel will also be elaborated.


In article some aspects of the contents of professional choir-conductors preparation are considered, namely, the components caused by process of creative self-expression, such professional quality, as musicality, its structure and maintenance of realizatation with a substantial basis of practical activities students of musical-pedagogical faculty is analyzed.


This article discusses Orthodox monasteries XV-XVII centuries. Due to changes in spiritual and moral guidelines in Russian society, which is experiencing a return to the historical origins of a predetermined orthodoxy, the time of national revival at a new stage of historical development of Russia as a great mighty power, which in turn could not cause modern domestic law-science focus to church history. "Return" of the church raised new challenges for finding optimal forms its interaction with society, the state, personality. In the first decade of the XXI century have been reissued and written numerous works on church history, biographies of prominent church leaders, who not only studied with the help of special methods, but also widely introduced into scientific circulation.


The invention discloses a maintenance method for a green slope of a concrete matrix. The maintenance method is characterized in that after plants are planted on a concrete matrix slope, floating ash on a structural plane is cleaned away, and the structural plane is washed by water and covered with a self-control maintenance film for concrete structural body maintenance and promotion of sprouting and coming up of plant seeds. The maintenance method for the green slope of the concrete matrix is simple to operate, convenient to maintain and good in effect.


This thesis concerns, above all, the question of certain new technologies and how they are to be theorised. It takes to task the current literature on these technologies for their basic representationalist assumptions. Reflecting on those assumptions and the whole field of representationalism, the thesis offers some alternative formulations of such things as: the distinction between the analogue and the digitial, the virtual/actual opposition, the functions of projection, information and holography. In doing so, it turns not only to the scholarly literature in the field but also to the theories of Derrida, Deleuze and Heidegger as well as to such popular formations as cyberpunk fiction, Star Trek Voyager, and the electronic performance artist known as Stelarc. The upshot of these investigations is a re-thinking of new technologies precisely as writing and the political-ethical ramifications of re-thinking them in this way. As well as the conventional print form, the thesis is also presented on CD-ROM as a web site.


The synthesis of a tetrapeptide on a base functionalised sporopollenin using sonic agitation for coupling and washing processes is described.


Measurement of precise three-dimensional surface displacements is really helpful to understand Earth's internal processes. In this point of view, many researches have been performed to retrieve three-dimensional surface displacements using three or more surface displacements maps from SAR, which represent different geometries respectively [1-6]. SAR interferometry, Multiple-aperture SAR interferometry or Offset tracking have been selectively employed to restore three-dimensional surface displacements occurring by earthquakes, volcanisms, glaciers or land subsidence [7-14]. However the limitations are still remain. SAR interferometry is difficult to measure large surface displacements. Although offset tracking is appropriate to measure large surface displacements, generally produce the surface displacements map of worse measurement precision than SAR interferometry [1]. Meanwhile, recent developments in SAR sensor and improvements in offset tracking have made it possible to complement each of these limitations [9]. In this study, we precisely measured the large surface displacements by employing the integration of SAR Interferometry and Offset tracking methods. Figure 1 show the shaded relief map for Kumamoto, Japan. Three interferometric pairs, which cover surface displacements occurring by the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquakes, were collected from ascending and descending paths of L-band ALOS PALSAR-2 datasets (asc1: 20151115_20160616; asc2: 20160211_20160602; dsc: 20160307_20160419) (Fig. 1). When the offset tracking map and integrated LOS displacements map are compared, integrated LOS map could observe surface displacements without unwrapping error, even in the decorrelated region of SAR interferometry because of the large surface displacements [15]. It enable us to extract the three-dimensional displacements without unmeasured area. Figure 2 shows three-dimensional surface-deformation field for the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquakes. The maximal surface displacements for east-west, north-south and up-down direction were −1.91, −1.57 and −2.49 m respectively. The root mean square errors of 1.76, 1.41 and 1.85 cm in the east, north and up directions, respectively, were estimated by comparing with the GPS measurements [16]. These results suggest that the integration method can be help to map the three-dimensional surface displacements even near the fault lines, which was impossible to observe by conventional SAR interferometry. Since it can be applied not only to earthquakes but also to large surface displacements of various factors, the observation method of this study will be produce more beneficial data to understand the Earth's internal processes.


Sicherheitsfushebelwerk for a motor vehicle, in particular for a passenger vehicle, fastened with a into deforming at a noticeably in a frontal collision of the vehicle into the passenger compartment (15) wall portion (5) of the splash wall or bulkhead bearing block (4), in which the pedal axle (3) acting at least one of a pressure rod (14) pivoting the pedal (2), in particular a brake pedal, is mounted, and extending with a in a passenger room-side distance from this wall portion (5) fixed to the body cross member (6) which retains its spatial position even when a frontal collision substantially unchanged, characterized, that the pedal axle (3) in the bearing block (4) in an abutment (7) is supported, which, although in the operation-related operating the pedal (2) supporting reaction forces occurring in the customary manner, the pedal axle (3) in a frontal collision of the vehicle, however, in cooperation with a body at fixed transverse support (6) supported unlocking mechanism (9) releases automatically, such that the pedal (2) is substantially without resistance with its pedal shaft (3) ...


This paper present analysis method for principal impurities from electrolytic nickel anodes by spectrophotometer absorption atomic technique, using acetylene-air flame and standard solution Merck. Impurities analyzed are: Fe, Cu, Zn and Pb. These elements to determine multiple deficiencies for electroplating a nickel.


By using Schaeffer's theorem and Lyapunov functional, sufficient conditions of the existence and globally exponential stability of positive periodic solution to an impulsive neural network with time-varying delays are established. Applications, examples, and numerical analysis are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the main results.


Purpose

The recent shift in the Philippine Government's emphasis from response to a more proactive approach came with the recognition that different stakeholders play important roles in the governance of disaster risk. The purpose of this paper is to look beyond the question as to whether all stakeholders are involved in disaster risk management planning and examines the extent by which the narratives of risk of actors at the margins shape how risk is framed in municipal DRM planning in Antique, Philippines.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper is based on a field study carried out in San Jose de Buenavista, Antique Province, Philippines. Data were gathered through key informant interviews and focus group discussions as well as a review of archival records and documents.

Findings

The narratives of CSOs and communities, which revolve around livelihoods and community life are conspicuously absent from the plans whereas that of government actors occupy a central position in the risk discourse. The study highlights the power-saturated process of defining and addressing risk to disasters, where knowledge is intimately linked to power as some voices shape plans and policies, whereas, others are excluded because their knowledge is socially constructed as less reliable and therefore irrelevant.

Originality/value

There is a dearth of studies that examine disaster risk as social constructions in the context of planning in the Philippines and in other disaster-prone countries.


By citing the problems in Chenese ocean development,this passage explains the significances on reasonable layout of ocean industries.In addition,the author comes up with practical countermeasures on how to reasonably allocate Chinese ocean industries.


Concrete currently has become a conventional material in construction of nuclear reactor due to its properties such as safety, strength and economical in cost. Boron carbide (B4C) was used as additives in concrete are characterized as a good neutron absorber for nuclear reactor applications. The effect of B4C addition on physical and strength properties of concrete samples were investigated. The samples were prepared with three different weight percent (wt%) of B4C powder. The concrete slump tests of fresh concrete have been done to investigate the workability of mixtures. Free B4C mixture shows the highest workability compare to 5 and 20 wt% B4C concrete mixture. The density of 0 wt% of B4C is the lowest compared to 5 and 20 wt%. However, after 28 days curing time, the compressive strength test of 20 wt% B4C shows the highest value compare to 5 and 0 wt% B4C concrete respectively. It is obvious that up to 20 wt% B4C can be added to concrete mixture and cause significant strength increases.


Toimplement softswitching inpower LLa improve theprecision ofvalley detection, aprinciple of - - modulating hysteretic windowwasproposed toreduce thedelay. The practical circuit wasanalyzed and I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~V att in _l05 F ~~~~~~~~~~~~DRV


The article discusses the 1978 case of seven Jamaican women who were to be deported from Canada and the questions the case raised about the value of women's labor and discriminatory immigration policies. Specifically, the article assesses the West Indian Domestic Scheme, an agreement between Canada and some English-speaking Caribbean countries to send Caribbean women to Canada to address the shortage of domestic labor. It argues that the terms of the agreement facilitated the deportation of domestic workers without consideration for how the process of migration had changed their social and personal relations with their children, families, and households, both "here" and "there," in ways that made it difficult for them to return home. In so doing, the article addresses the transnational complexities of women's lives that remain at odds with immigration and labor policies. The objective of the article is to elucidate why the women, in their roles as mothers, decided to challenge the orders to leave Canada and to illuminate the ways in which racialized women find the means to negotiate in-between spaces that allow them to survive.


It is necessary to calculate the D-value between the pulp's output and its use amount in paper mill management. Because of the metering error and large D-value, the data reconciliation is necessary before calculating the balance,and the report forms are produced by replacing the measured value with the estimated value for the pulp balance calculation. In the data reconciliation emulation experiment, the estimated value not only approaches the measured value but also satisfies the balance confinement condition, which is helpful to resolve the metering error problem.