The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for pediatric asthma emergency department (ED) visits. A cross sectional sample of 307 families (24%) responded to a mailed survey. Respondents were similar to the target population of 2487 children with asthma. Thirty seven percent of respondents had two or more asthma ED visits in the past year. Asthma ED use was associated with persistent asthma symptoms, parents without high school diplomas, age under 4 years, African-American race/ethnicity, use of written care plans, and use of spacers at school. The latter two variables were associated with severe asthma. High risk children can be targeted for office based medical care.


It is obvious that system science has a significance to methodology of education research.The paper attempts to expound the track of generation and d evelopment of system science in historical perspective and review its pr ocess from origin of ancient system to formation of modern system and emergence of contempora ry system,meanwhile,analyzes the c lose relation be-tween system science methodology an d education research.The paper also proposes the value of system science methodology,moreover,it contributes to the reco gnition of education and helps to exp lain better education phenomina,as well as provide entire mode of thinking.At last,it points o ut the negative effect on education r esearch of shortcomings of system me thodology.


Some results of the influence of the region shape on the effect improving by vacuum preloading are introduced,and the coefficient of shape of ground is redefined and confirmed by a project.


Histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) play a critical role in chromatin regulation. It has long been suspected that the poorly understood capability of 'PTM-specific' antibodies (i.e., their specificity and efficiency) is a prime driver of the reproducibility crisis in biomedical research. Here we confirm the validity of this concern as it applies to epigenomic mapping studies. Extensive spike-in panels of PTM-defined DNA-barcoded nucleosome standards show that >70% of >500 commercial antibodies (and >80% of the most highly cited) to >50 histone lysine methyl and acyl states have failing performance in ChIP (>20% cross reactivity/<5% target recovery; www.ChromatinAntibodies.com). Variable lot behavior (of both polyclonals and monoclonals) shows the danger of focusing on catalog numbers without considering the inherent variability of biological reagents. Ultimately, these studies support the inclusion of in situ standards to control genomic mapping assays as an improved path out of this morass. Despite these advances, the application of ChIP-seq for cancer research has been hampered by its requirement for high cell inputs and low reliability. The recent development of immunotethering assays, such as Cleavage Under Targets and Release Using Nuclease (CUT&RUN), deliver high signal-to-noise mapping data using a fraction of the required cells compared to ChIP-seq. These innovations enable the application of epigenomics for cancer research, particularly for primary cells, sorted populations, and clinical samples where cell numbers are limited. By adapting our nucleosome spike-in control approach for CUT&RUN assays, we show that while the same antibody problems observed in ChIP-seq also pervade CUT&RUN, continuous use of spike-in controls improves assay rigor and reproducibility to realize the potential of CUT&RUN to advance cancer research.
 Citation Format: Andrea L. Johnstone, Danielle N. Maryanski, Keli L. Rodriguez, Ellen N. Weinzapfel, Bryan J. Venters, Katherine Novitzky, Matthew R. Marunde, Carolina P. Lin, Michael-Christopher Keogh. A field survey of histone PTM antibodies in epigenomic mapping approaches reveals widespread liabilities: Best practices and resources for reliable epigenetic studies. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Cancer Epigenomics; 2022 Oct 6-8; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(23 Suppl_2):Abstract nr A022.


A study was conducted at Kafta Humera and Tanqua Abergelle Districts from April to June, 2011 to assess the prevalence of subclinical mastitis in lactating small ruminants and identify bacterial causative agents. A total of 390 lactating animals comprising 255 goats and 135 sheep were randomly selected from population and screened for evidence of subclinical mastitis. The overall prevalence of subclinical mastitis was found to be 18.03% (46/255) and 28.14% (38/135) in goats and sheep, respectively. California mastitis test (CMT) positive milk samples were subjected to bacteriological examination and the following bacteria were isolated; coagulase negative Staphylococcus (44.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (27.7%), Escherchia coli (17.0%) and streptococci (10.63%). Risk factors; species (p = 0.021), study site (p < 0.001), sheep breed (p = 0.018) and goat breed (p = 0.009) showed statistically significant association with the occurrence of subclinical mastitis in small dairy ruminants. However, there was no statistically significant association between risk factors such as Age (p = 0.779), parity (p = 0.201) and stage of lactation (p = 0.952). Therefore, it can be concluded that mastitis is a significant disease in small ruminants that affects their productivity and measures need to be taken to control the disease.


The present invention pertains to a method and system for controlling the continuous production of chemical reactors, and in particular relates to a method and system for controlling the production of a catalyst of copper melting process. The present invention utilizes the speed of a chemical reaction during temperature changes discriminates the case of the reaction process, and to control the addition amount of an acid in accordance with the rate of temperature change of the shift with a large number of acid reaction system for a large number of metal original plurality of metal with a minor amount of acid reaction system. From the object property speaking, the original large-capacity capacity hysteresis lag becomes small, thereby changing the characteristics of the system. Macro and then heat the reaction to characterize the real time according to other pressure level data of the depth of the reaction, and the production index data associated with the depth of the reaction, where the reaction process is determined and the heat of reaction and macroscopic production index as the main controlled variable to achieve multivariable reaction severity, the production index and other variables of the control or optimum control.


This article focuses on aspects of Indigenous musical life in the 1960s at and around Ntaria (formerly Hermannsburg) in Central Australia, and isolates one flow between German missionary sources and the Indigenous musical culture—the Christmas carol 'Stille Nacht' (aka 'Silent Night'), which became 'Inguwa inturtai', now also known as 'Hymn 44'. I explore some of the meanings that are invested in a particularly striking yet ambiguous deployment of that song by Tiger Tjalkalyeri, and argue that, in a setting where white Australians have approached Indigenous music with their own classificatory expectations, an 'Indigenized' German Christmas carol could have a strange power. 'Inguwa inturtai' could upset and unsettle white Australian attitudes towards the 'authentic'.


Cell-free extracts were prepared from Pseudomonas pseudomallei cells by freezing-thawing, sonication, and differential ultracentrifugation. The extracts were subjected to column chromatography with DEAE-sepharose to obtain glycoprotein fractions. The fractions showed acid phosphatase activity to p-nitrophenyl phosphate, tyrosine phosphate, serine phosphate, but not to threonine phosphate. They were highly antigenic when tested by immunofluorescence assay with the sera of melioidosis patients.


Automatic image annotation is a promising solution to enable keyword-based semantic image retrieval. In this demo, we present our image search engine I-Search implemented using a multi-level semantic image annotation algorithm. By incorporating a domain-specific ontology into the autogenerated annotations, we are able to organize large scale natural image databases into hierarchical structures for browsing and keyword-based searching without referring to external text information.


When there exists camera and scene motion, the disparity of a pixel temporally varies as time goes on. Such temporal disparity variation (TDV) degrades the performance of spatiotemporal stereo matching. In this paper, we devise a robust similarity measure against TDV, and a suitable optimization technique for the proposed measure. We first design the window-based matching cost to evaluate the similarity between pixels for given disparity and a TDV value. We also present the improved spatiotemporal guided-filter-based aggregation technique to gather match costs with temporal weights. The disparity and TDV maps are then obtained by the global optimization. Here, to handle the large number of labels (disparity levels × TDV levels), we use dual-layer belief propagation that requires less computation and memory while producing comparable results with belief propagation using a single layer. Experimental results show the proposed method yields consistent and accurate disparity maps under the TDV.


The effects of fertilization methods(plot fertilization and fertilization in bag) on survival rate,shooting rate,growth of light matrix mesh-bag container seedlings of Camellia oleifera were studied.The results showed that there were significant differences in those growth indexes between fertilization methods.In the treatments spayed 0.15 kg/m2 compound fertilizer in plot fertilization,calcium superphosphate 1g per bag in light media mesh bag container or calcium superphosphate 0.5 g per bag+1 kg/m3 compound fertilizer,the survival rate was above 90%,shooting rate was 85%.Shooting length and width also had significant advantages compared with the other treatments.


A liquid crystal is injected into a liquid crystal panel without creating blur and no volatilization of the liquid crystal. The heat from inside or outside the chamber heats only the liquid crystal panel, and not the liquid crystal container containing the liquid crystal. The device comprises a chamber (110), a heating unit (105), a liquid crystal panel (101) with a filling hole (106) along a liquid crystal container (102) and liquid crystal (103), all disposed in a chamber (110) .


The IκB kinase (IKK) complex is a key regulator of signal transduction pathways leading to the induction of NF-κB-dependent gene expression and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. It therefore represents a major target for the development of anti-inflammatory therapeutic drugs and may be targeted by pathogens seeking to diminish the host response to infection. Previously, the vaccinia virus (VACV) strain Western Reserve B14 protein was characterised as an intracellular virulence factor that alters the inflammatory response to infection by an unknown mechanism. Here we demonstrate that ectopic expression of B14 inhibited NF-κB activation in response to TNFα, IL-1β, poly(I:C), and PMA. In cells infected with VACV lacking gene B14R (vΔB14) there was a higher level of phosphorylated IκBα but a similar level of IκBα compared to cells infected with control viruses expressing B14, suggesting B14 affects IKK activity. Direct evidence for this was obtained by showing that B14 co-purified and co-precipitated with the endogenous IKK complex from human and mouse cells and inhibited IKK complex enzymatic activity. Notably, the interaction between B14 and the IKK complex required IKKβ but not IKKα, suggesting the interaction occurs via IKKβ. B14 inhibited NF-κB activation induced by overexpression of IKKα, IKKβ, and a constitutively active mutant of IKKα, S176/180E, but did not inhibit a comparable mutant of IKKβ, S177/181E. This suggested that phosphorylation of these serine residues in the activation loop of IKKβ is targeted by B14, and this was confirmed using Ab specific for phospho-IKKβ.


Objective To investigate the effects of prostaglandin E_1 (PGE_1 )on hemodynamics and blood gas analysis in patients with cor pulmonale. Methods Patients with cor pulmonale were randomly divided into treated group (n=59) and control group (n= 25).A routine therapy was given to underlying diseases of all the patients. Beside the routine treatment, patients in the treated group were given PGE_1 40 μg+20 mL NS, iv, Bid×7 d (rate of infusion: 5 ng·kg~(-1)·min~(- 1)). An echocardiography and blood gas analysis were recorded before and after treatment. Results After the treatment, those in the treated group (achieved) significant decrease of pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), internal diameter of right atrium/ventricle, but significant increase of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and cardiac output (CO). The PaO_2 and SO_2 decreased, but not significantly. Compared with the control group, PASP and PVR improved significantly. Accor-(ding to) emphysema type, the patients in the treated group were subdivided into pink puffer (PP) group and blue bloater (BB) group, both improved in hemodynamics after using PGE_1. Compared with the PP group, the PaO_2 and SO_2 of BB group had a significant decrease. Conclusion PGE_1 can significantly decrease the PASP and PVR of patients with cor pulmonale, and has some effect on PaO_2 and SO_2, but has little effect on PaO_2 and SO_2 of the patients with PP emphysema.


The invention relates to a method for carrying out step chains and a criteria analysis of errors occurred in a programmable controller for a machine controller, wherein additionally recorded in the sequence of machine states and continuously monitored. The invention further relates to a device for carrying out step chains and a criteria analysis of errors occurred in a programmable controller for a machine controller, wherein the inputs are provided for the detection of machine states. In order for the diagnostic and performance programming of a PLC and an automatic consideration of the operating state of the controller can be facilitated.


Introduction In the beginning of the 20th century, developmental biology was at the forefront of biology, but then declined and had a renaissance towards its end. The key to this revival were the techniques of molecular biology, which proved the great equalizer for all branches of biology. The fusion of molecular, developmental and evolutionary biology proved very fertile, and led to the birth of a new discipline, Evo-Devo. I would like to present a personal account on how this synthesis took place. We will consider here three main points: 1) How are the mechanisms of self-regulation of cell differentiation observed in animal development explained at the molecular level? 2) How were conserved ancestral gene networks common to all animals – which pattern the Antero-Posterior (A-P) and Dorso-Ventral (D-V) axes – used to generate the immense variety of animal forms? 3) How has the use of a common tool-kit of genes present in the ancestral animal genome channeled the outcomes of evolution through natural selection? The main conclusion that emerges from these genomic, developmental and evolutionary studies is that all bilateral animals – which comprise 30 of the 34 extant phyla – arose through gene mutation, duplication or deletion of the genome of a complex common ancestor, the Urbilateria (Ur: primeval; Bilateria: animals having bilateral symmetry).


A large literature has developed the studies on "innovative clusters".The paper summarized these literatures,analyzed the driven factors,influence factors,evolution mechanism and the research methods of innovative clusters,pointed out the insufficiencies of the existing researches and put forward the direction of further research.


(assignment) Even at a high density on the wiring area of the chemical strengthened glass substrate by wiring a plurality of leader line, provides a transparent touch panel, the strength of the chemical strengthened glass substrate does not deteriorate. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS A plurality of lead wires are formed with an insulating layer made of a synthetic resin to the wiring region of the plane of the glass substrate on which wiring, patterned using the conductive thin film photo-lithographic method which film formation by sputtering on the insulating layer to form a plurality of outgoing line .


In this chapter, we introduce intelligent glasses, which can automatically translate multiple languages in real time. We propose the concept of the system and demonstrate the advantages of the device over other existing systems. First, the system architecture and the functions of the components in the system are presented. We then focus on the most crucial technical component, text detection. We propose a novel algorithm based on the fundamental characteristics of all the characters in common use called a character intrinsic characteristic (CIC)-based text detection algorithm. We then show the effectiveness of the proposed methods and define some future studies. Nowadays, with the development of mobile computing technologies, a new kind of human interface has been expected to greatly impact our daily life and social activities. A wearable interface, just as its name implies, can be worn directly. It could be like a real cap, a pair of glasses, a pair of shoes, a shirt, and so on. Many wearable computers are facilitated with telepresence, which is a sophisticated form of interactive remote control, and some sensors such as a camera, gyro, infrared emitter, ultrasonic emitter, and so on. Many kinds of wearable computers are developed all over the world. Some wearable computers have been successfully applied in military missions, scientific exploration, and daily life. This chapter presents a novel wearable interface project called Intelligent Glasses. With this interface, real-time multilinguistic translation can be realized and will be useful to a tourist who does not know a local language. Let us imagine that a person is using the wearable translation interface during a foreign trip. The system can tell the wearer which building is a hotel, a restaurant, a bank, or a supermarket, which bus line should be selected, how to go to a destination according to the


All non-noble metals and alloys will release metallic species into the body. This raises the issue of amount and fate, i.e. transport and storage, of these metal dissolution products. No metal or alloy is completely inert in vivo . Metallic transfer from implants does not stop at surrounding tissues, and metallic elements may be transferred by proteins to become lodged in organs far from the implant. The use of metallic biomaterials in the medical implant devices has become increasingly prevalent over the past few decades. Metals and metal ions release from metallic materials; titanium and titanium and its alloys, nickel-titanium alloys, cobalt-chromium alloys, and magnesium-based alloys implanted into the human body is becoming a major cause of concern. The development of reliable experimental models for the clinical use of biomaterials and in predicting implant success or failure is becoming increasingly important in attaining adequate health and safety conditions. Animal models provide important biomaterial knowledge that eventually leads to the development of more effective clinical treatments of diseases in both humans and animals; therefore, acting as a bridge between In vitro studies and in vivo clinical trials. The most commonly used laboratory animals have turned out to be rats, mice, and rabbits, probably because they are cheaper and easy to handle. In addition, cattle, primates, sheep, swine and guinea pigs are used by researchers in a progressively decreasing order. The present review reported the results of In vitro and in vivo experimental investigations on the release of metallic traces in the biological fluids, tissues and different inner organ tissues resulting from the implantation of the small metallic implants in the animals. of the presence of abundant intracellular aggregates of metallic particles of Ti in peritoneum, liver, lungs and spleen at the higher dose 16,000 mg kg -1 , 5 month after the injection. It was also reported those 6 months after intraperitoneal injection, TiO 2 particles were transported in blood by phagocytic monocytes and deposited mainly in the lungs, but also in the liver and spleen (heart tissue was not analyzed). It was demonstrated that TiO 2 is not only transported bound to plasma proteins in the blood but is also transported associated to cells of the phagocytic-mononuclear lineage. results showed a direct relationship between the size of the particles and the presence of alterations in the lungs, liver, and kidneys, and that nanoparticles (NPs) were more harmful than the microparticles (MPs). Titanium concentration varied with particle size in both liver and lung samples 1 month post-injection, and was higher in samples from rats injected with MPs. alloy in vivo for up to 3.5 years after implantation of cylindrical pins into the medullary cavity of New Zealand White rabbits. The degradation process of magnesium based implants was slow and homogenous. Total amounts of rare elements (RE) detected in the inner organs were very low: the organs of rabbits with magnesium based cylinders showed 10-20-fold increased concentrations.


We discuss the application of multimedia in scientific design, and describe a multi-user distributed and collaborative scientific manipulation environment, SHASTRA, implemented on the multimedia desktop. We highlight salient features of the underlying collaboration infrastructure an application conferencing substrate that enables user level cooperation. We demonstrate multimedia interfaces incorporating text, graphics, audio and video, and how these interfaces greatly empower users in the process of collaborative scientific design


Routines written in Verilog have been developed to perform I/Q-demodulation of a frequency modulated signal given valuesfrom a Analog Devices AD9874 chip. Different methods for I/Q-demodulation have been evaluated and among theseCORDIC has been chosen and implemented in Verilog. The code has to some extent been tested on a IGLOO nano FPGA but foremost been simulated and verified in ModelSim.


The chloroform and aqueous extracts of the roots of Sarracenia flava showed antitumor activity against human epidermoid carcinoma of the nasopharynx (KB). Betulin was identified as one constituent responsible for this activity. Testing data are reported for betulinic acid and derivatives.


The contemporary literatures of various peoples show growing interest in national traditions. The literature of the Volga and Ural regions is not an exception. The common historical destiny of the Tatars, Chuvash, Mordva, Bashkirs, Udmurts, and Mari finds its clear reflection in their folklore. The common themes and motifs in the folklore of the peoples of the Volga and Ural regions are evident in such genres as myths, legends, fairy tales and songs. Harmonious images, fascinating stories are known to gradually move into national written literature as well. Among the issues discussed in the article are lyrical works introducing the images of heroes created by popular imagination. They are employed by the author primarily as a means of linking the past with the present. Not infrequently, the images of batyrs (brave men) reveal to the reader the popular philosophy, the way of life of ordinary people. Large-scale events, such as history, nation, the fate of the earth find their literary and artistic representation through the folklore images as well. Introducing these heroes to the works in order to disclose the conflict between good and evil has its own specific features. Such poets as R. Fayzullin, R. Minnullin, R.Haris, A.Adel, R.Mingalim, I.Yuzeev, Zulfat, S.Chavayn, K.Ivanov, M.Sespel, Ya.Uhsay, P.Huzangay, A .Yuzykayn, V.Vladykin, A.Timirkov, F.Syuyn and others, including also the contemporary poets, have made the best use of challenging creative methods of folk literature in their works. It should be noted, however, that we still lack papers of general character investigating the folklore and literary connections of the region. Nor do we have a clear picture of the creative interpretation of folklore in the literary process that could be achieved only through extensive analysis. That explains the main purpose of the given paper which has been to analyse the lyrical works that are relevant to the images of heroes.


The aging of the population in China is becoming increasingly serious, and the health status of the elderly has been widely concerned by scholars from all walks of life. The study of intermediate mechanisms can provide a better basis for formulating relevant policy interventions. Therefore, this paper combines domestic and foreign literature research, using the method of the logit model, to analyze the intermediate mechanism of socio-economic status affecting the health level of the elderly. This paper uses CHARLS data in 2018 to study the impact of socioeconomic status on the health status of middle-aged and elderly people. First of all, it combs the relevant literature at home and abroad, and makes descriptive statistics on the socio-economic status and health level of the elderly in China to understand their current situation. Secondly, we use the logit regression model to analyze the relationship between socioeconomic status and the health level of the elderly. The research found that: First, there is a significant positive correlation between socioeconomic status and the health level of the elderly. Second, from the perspective of gender differences, socio-economic status significantly affects the health level of men, while it has less impact on the elderly of women. Based on the results of the study, this paper puts forward targeted countermeasures and suggestions, which can reduce the degree of health inequality by improving the elderly's health behavior, material living conditions, family relations, good neighborliness, community health environment, etc.


Studies in Uralic historical morphology have largely focused on inflectional morphology, whereas word-formation has received relatively little attention. In-depth studies aiming at a broad reconstruction of Uralic derivational morphology (e.g., Lehtisalo 1936) are long since outdated, and at present our overall understanding of ProtoUralic derivation is not much clearer than the sketchy picture presented by Janhunen four decades ago (1982: 28–29, 33). At the same time, however, there has been remarkable progress in Uralic phonological and lexical reconstruction, stimulated especially by the groundbreaking studies by Janhunen (1981) and Sammallahti (1988) and the broad progress in Samoyed historical linguistics. These advances have also opened new avenues for comparative studies of Uralic word-formation, which however still remain largely unexplored. It is well-known that derivational morphology tends to be less stable and more susceptible to change than inflectional morphology. Thus, it is no straightforward task to establish and analyze historical connections between derivational suffixes in a language family as deeply diverged as Uralic. A comprehensive reconstruction of Proto-Uralic derivational morphology will probably forever remain out of reach, but still, there certainly is potential for establishing new comparanda. An excellent example is provided by Salminen (2014: 296–297), who convincingly argues for the reconstruction of a Proto-Uralic denominal relational animate noun suffix *-kći(Salminen writes *-kśias per traditional reconstructions, but I agree with Zhivlov's (2014: 116) arguments for reconstructing an affricate phoneme *ć instead of a sibilant *ś for Proto-Uralic). The morpheme mostly occurs in reciprocal kinship terms such as Finnish käly-kse-t ~ NenT śelǝ-s°-ʔ 'in-laws (to each other)' < PU *käliw(i)-kći-t PL.NOM (cf. Finnish käly 'sister-in-law', NenT śel° 'brother-in-law' < PU *käliw).


Objective To investigate the value of dynamic contrast enhancement spiral CT scanning and angiography(CTA) in preoperative evaluation of pancreatic carcinoma.Methods Fortyfive patients with pancreatic carcinoma accepted dynamic contrast enhancement spiral CT scanning and angiography.The preoperative tumor staging and resectability were evaluated according to CTA results. The preoperative evaluation was compared with surgical results.Results Twenty-seven patients accepted surgical exploration.Seventeen tumors were actually resectable with the positive predictive value of 77%,which twenty-two cases in preoperative evaluation were resectable.Five tumors which were considered unresectable in preoperative evaluation were actually unresectable.Tumor location,liver metastasis and lymph node metastasis evaluated by CTA were coincident with surgical results. Conclusion Dynamic contrast enhancement spiral CT scanning and angiography can display the relationships of tumors with adjacent organs and tissues,and invasion of blood vessels.It is valuable in preoperative tumor staging and judgement of respectability of pancreatic carcinoma.


Requests for reprints to: Prof. Dr. J. H. Karstens, Klinik für Strahlentherapie, Klinikum Aachen, Pauwelsstr., D-5100 Aachen (FRG) Results 17 sites (16 patients) were evaluable, whereas four sites (three patients) were not regarded evaluable because of a change of systemic therapy (two cases) ' a fracture of a long bone detected two days after irradiation (one case) or insufficient follow-up data (one case). 11 sites (11 patients) received a single treatment with 4 Gy without any further radiotherapy. Pain relief (= reduction of at least one point) was seen in five of 11 patients (45 %) resulting in a change of pain medication in four patients. In table 1 relevant data are listed. Pain relief occured in both weight bearing and non-weight bearing bones. No retreatment was considered necessary during follow-up (median follow-up: three months; range two weeks to seven months). A second group of six sites (six patients; five new patients plus patient 10, table 1) was formed. As they did not respond to single irradiation, a second dose was administered two weeks later. Four of these six patients responded after this second irradiation. Discussion A variety of fractionation schedules can be recommended for patients with symptomatic bone metastases. Two extreme ways are possible: 1) single fraction irradiation (e.g. only one planned fraction) and 2) fractionated radiotherapy (e.g. 15–20 fractions). Standard fractionated radiotherapy is clearly superior in the treatment of patients with spinal cord compression, Introduction Pain is a major symptom in 70% of all cancer patients [5]. Osseous metastases often are the cause of pain. Therefore, in many cases radiotherapy is important to achieve pain relief. Various dose/fractionation schedules are recommended for palliation of symptomatic osseous metastases. Single fraction radiotherapy may be useful, especially in patients with poor prognostic factors. Following a suggestion of a British colleague (P. Price; personal communication) we undertook a pilot study, using 4 Gy single fraction palliative radiotherapy. Patients and Methods Between January and October 1988, 21 patients with symptomatic osseous metastases were treated with a single 4 Gy fraction to reduce pain. Patients were excluded if a fracture of a long bone was causing the pain and vertebral metastases were the origin of patients distress. The latter were irradiated with standard fractionation radiotherapy. 21 sites in 20 patients with known malignant tumors were treated with a single portal (telecobalt or electron field) or two parallel opposing fields (telecobalt or 10 MV photons of a linear accelerator) with a prescribed dose of 4


The Johannine Corpus in the Early Church, by Charles E. Hill. New York: Oxford University Press. Pp. 550. $150.00 (cloth). ISBN: 0199264589. One current emphasis in NT scholarship is a renewed interest in biblical interpretation in the early church. Charles E. Hill's The Johannine Corpus in the Early Church contributes to this interest by looking at references to Johannine literature in the second century. Hill's driving question is: To what extent did second-century Christian writers use the Fourth Gospel and what was their attitude toward it? The formulation of the question is mine, but it captures the sense of this meticulously researched monograph. As an introduction, Hill surveys a broad spectrum of Johannine scholars and finds that the majority of them (the primary exception is Martin Hengel) adhere to a "orthodox Johannophobia paradigm (OJP)." This paradigm includes three theses: (a) that by the end of the second century, orthodox writers were wary of dangerous tendencies in John; (b) that gnostics in particular latched onto John; and (c) that writers before Irenaeus were virtually silent regarding John. According to this paradigm, Irenaeus helped wrench the Gospel back into the orthodox fold through a strong defense of it in Against Heresies. Hill systematically attacks each of these components of the paradigm by painstakingly combing through all available sources. He concludes that the OJP is wholly foundationless: "The long-prevalent understanding of the rise of the Johannine corpus in the Church must be abandoned and replaced with something more historically accurate" (p. 475). This "something" is that throughout the second century, the Gospel of John held a prominent place within orthodox Christianity and was only marginally useful to gnosticism. Hill's book does not seek to nuance current scholarship; he aims to overthrow it. The book addresses the three legs of the OJP, and I will describe and evaluate Hill's treatment of each of these. In order to dismantle the notion that the gospel needed "saving" from the clutches of heterodoxy at the time of Irenaeus, Hill begins with incontrovertible references to John in the late second century (pp. 170-200). Using a pattern that his entire book follows, Hill explores almost every possible writer and text; in this section, that would be Theophilus, Athenagoras, the Epistle of Vienne and Lyons, Irenaeus, Hegesippus, the Sibyllines, Polycrates, Victor of Rome, Clement of Alexandria, the Muratorian Fragment, Apollonius of Ephesus, Tertullian, Perpetua and Felicitas, Gaius's Dialogue with Proclus, and a host of biblical manuscripts. I will not recite such catalogs for the other sections of the book, but the voluminous sources are impressive throughout. Hill also includes an interesting section on Christian art works (with photos) that illustrate particular Johannine scenes such as the raising of Lazarus and the Samaritan Woman. This argument is the strongest of the book, and after examining it, one wonders why this first leg of the OJP ever was formulated. Irenaeus is the main figure here, and serves to demonstrate Hill's insights. Irenaeus, of course, placed John alongside the synoptics in the fourfold canon in the famous passage of Against Heresies 3.9.1. This passage led Hans von Campenhausen, among others, to say that Irenaeus was the first proponent of the four-Gospel canon and led other scholars to assert that Irenaeus strives to defend the Gospel against heretics. In contradiction to the idea that Irenaeus is mounting a defense, Hill writes, "Looking at his use of this Gospel as a whole, however, we fail to see the signs of this [defense]. Irenaeus does not defend the Fourth Gospel, he merely uses it. He uses this Gospel unselfconsciously and authoritatively" (p. 98). The commonsensical explanation (which applies to many other writers of the late second century) of the relationship between John and the church is that Irenaeus feels at ease about using John because his audience feels the same way. …


The invention discloses a glass fiber reinforced plastic radome and a preparation method thereof. The glass fiber reinforced plastic radome is formed by glass fiber yarns, a glass fiber mat, thermosetting resin, and fillers by the adoption of pultrusion process, the glass fiber yarns are composite yarns of glass fiber straight yarns and glass fiber bulk yarns, and the mass percent of the glass fiber straight yarns to the glass fiber bulk yarns is 45-55%:45-55%. According to the glass fiber reinforced plastic radome, the glass fiber yarns are the composite yarns of the glass fiber straight yarns and the glass fiber bulk yarns, on one hand, by the adoption of the bulk yarns, the strength of the composite material is enhanced, the contents of the glass fiber yarns and the glass fiber mat can be reduced, the gross weight of the product is reduced, the strength cost of an outdoor fixing rack is reduced, the installation difficulty is reduced, the content of glass fiber is reduced, the dielectric constant is reduced, and the wave transmission performance of antennas can be improved; on the other hand, the resin filling content is increased via the bulkiness of the bulk yarns, and good product surface effect can be obtained.


In the last three years considerable advances have been made in the use of tungsten carbide bits for percussion drilling of rock. Already these bits have been developed to a stage in which it is possible to have fairly exact standards of bit hardness, sharpness, strength, shape and size - seldom possible with steel bits - and their application to rock-drilling is becoming of increased importance. Many designs of bits are already marketed, the variations being mainly in the method of attachment to the drill steels, although being mainly in the method of fixing the tungsten carbide inserts into the steel body or skirt of the bits. Preference has been given to detachable bits, which permit the use of expensive high-grade alloys for the steel bodies, facilitate factory manufacture, and allow the miner to select his own length of steel; but the brazing of tungsten carbide inserts directly into the desired length of drill rod is also common and avoids the difficulty of attachment, to which all forms of loose bits are heir.


Wide-field calcium imaging techniques allow recordings of high resolution neuronal activity across one or multiple brain regions. However, since the recordings capture light emission generated by the fluorescence of the calcium indicator, the neural activity that drives the calcium changes is masked by the calcium indicator dynamics. Here we develop and test novel methods to deconvolve the calcium traces and reveal the underlying neural spiking rate. Our methods take into account both the noise existent in the recordings and the temporal dynamics of the calcium indicator response. Our first method retrieves firing rates that are constant over discrete time bins. The size of each time bin depends on the data and is determined dynamically. Our second method retrieves the rate as a continuous function and is meant for studies that look for slow rate fluctuations rather than abrupt changes. We compare our results with those of two alternative approaches: direct deconvolution using a 9first differences9 approach, and the 9Lucy-Richardson9 image recovery method, adapted to recover temporal dynamics. We show that our methods outperform competitors on synthetic data as well as on wide-field calcium recordings in which parallel spiking recording was performed.


In the last few years, composite materials have found an important niche of application in several industries, mainly because of their improved mechanical properties (higher stiffness, strength and resistance to fatigue). In this context, sandwich-composites, a special class of composite materials - are commonly used in the aerospace industry to manufacture lighter components. The increasing use of this type of materials in the aerospace sector has opened the necessity of inspection methods to evaluate its physical integrity and quality. Line Scan Thermography (LST) is one of the emerging technologies aimed to detect and evaluate subsurface defects present in the sandwiches composite structures. As a non-destructive testing and evaluation (NDT&E) technique, LST is a dynamic technique suited to inspect large and complex aerospace components. However, its performance to detect deeper and smaller defects is negatively affected due to the different sources of noise present in the collected thermal images. In this paper is studied the application of advanced signal processing techniques on LST data obtained from the inspection of a large composite component, which contains different types of internal defects located at a variety of depths. To evaluate the ability of each technique to reduce the noise, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the maximum signal contrast of each defect has been computed for further analysis.


High-rise building structures in the course of its erection suppose primary use of methods provided for erection, concrete and external finishing works. Erection works do not differ significantly from usual ones: traditional equipment, accessories and techniques are used which are based on erection of structures in project position using a crane. Structures to be assembled in building frame include steel columns and beams, wall panels, form elements of columns, walls and floor structures. We can note heightened attention to operational control for quality of erection, but it is attributable to all works in the course of high-rise construction. During high-rise erection by means of cast in-situ reinforced concrete all formworks to be used do not have any special differences except systems specially designed for high-rise erection using sliding formwork or vertical traveling forms. In these systems special attention is paid to safety of elevated works. Working methods of placement and curing of concrete and structures as a whole remain traditional – the requirements for controlling such operations become toughened. The most evident differences in high-rise erection with regard to equipment, machinery and accessories used are in means provided for load transportation and safety of works at heights. Particularity of internal finishing works which are also obligatory during construction of skyscrapers allows not considering them in as technological differences from usual construction as far as the «height» of its execution is limited by height of particular floor and determined by price and building class.


Purpose This study aimed to compare baseline to follow-up 18F-FDG PET/CT findings after treatment for active chronic sarcoidosis and to correlate changes on 18F-FDG PET/CT with changes in clinical status. Patients and Methods The sample included 66 patients with chronic sarcoidosis and evidence of active inflammation on baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT for which they received therapy. Of these 66 patients, 30 returned for the follow-up 18F-FDG PET/CT after 12 (5) months to evaluate response to treatment. They were also asked to indicate changes in clinical status. Baseline characteristics of patients who did and did not return for the follow-up were compared to assess selection bias. Results SUVmax was significantly decreased at the follow-up compared with baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT (8.46 [3.52] vs 4.90 [0.96]; P = 0.006), primarily in the mediastinum. Inflammatory activity appeared absent in 9 patients, decreased in 12 patients, and increased in 9 patients, with the corresponding changes in SUVmax of −80%, −41%, and +54%, respectively. The changes on 18F-FDG PET/CT were in agreement with self-perceived changes in clinical symptoms (P = 0.019). The angiotensin-converting enzyme at the follow-up was not significantly different from baseline (49.80 [19.25] vs 46.35 [25.58], P = 0.522). There was no difference in baseline characteristics of patients who did and did not return for the follow-up. Conclusions 18F-FDG PET/CT is able to detect clinically meaningful changes in magnitude and extent of inflammatory activity in patients receiving treatment for active chronic sarcoidosis. Thus, 18F-FDG PET/CT is a valuable adjunct to clinical evaluation for monitoring the response to treatment in these patients.


PURPOSE: To obtain a low viscosity curing agent masterbatch for epoxy resins which has excellent storage stability as a curing agent masterbatch and good compatibility with epoxy resins and gives a one-component curing composition which exhibits a high curing speed and good storage stability when incorporated in epoxy resins. CONSTITUTION: This curing agent masterbatch is obtained by a process in which spherical adduct particles having a relatively large particle size exceeding 1 μm in diameter which are prepared from an amine compound and an epoxy compound are dispersed in a liquid epoxy resin and treated with 2-20 pts.wt., based on 100 pts.wt. of the adduct, of a multifunctional isocyanate compound. COPYRIGHT: (C)1992,JPO


The foundation treatment of liquefiable soil has always been an important part of construction. Sand liquefaction decreases the foundation capacity and can cause severe building, highway, or bridge engineering accidents. This study used self-developed cruciform section probe resonant compaction equipment (CSPRCE) to evaluate the applicability and reinforcement effect of the Xitong Expressway foundation. The cone penetration test (CPT) results showed that this soil was liquefiable ground requiring treatment before construction. Laboratory tests illustrated that the clay particle content was nearly 10% in the surface layer, indicating that the traditional resonant compaction probe (RCP) would not provide effective reinforcement; therefore, we adopted the new resonant compaction method (RCM) for the reinforcement process. The CPT and standard penetration test (SPT) results after foundation reinforcement indicated that the cruciform section probe resonant compaction method (CSPRCM) is suitable for treating the Xitong Expressway liquefiable foundation. Before reinforcement, 7-8 liquefiable soil layers were observed, whereas after reinforcement, no foundation testing points were liquefiable. Cone resistance and unit sleeve friction resistance were both improved by a factor of nearly 3 after the CSPRCM reinforcement. The CSPRCM has wider applicability than traditional vibrating compaction methods, especially for sites with a high content of silt and clay particles. The strengthening mechanism of the CSPRCM is a vibration hammer that generates vibrational energy to obliterate the original soil structure and render the sand completely liquefied; the soil particles then rearrange to form a new structure.


Looks at how roboticists can use wearables as a development platform for the sophisticated robots of the future. Wearables provide a way for computers to share our experiences. For wearables to serve as a robotics platform, their sensing ability must he comparable to a robot's. Fortunately, because wearables and robots operate with similar goals and constraints, they already use many of the same types of sensors, including cameras, microphones, and accelerometers. High-end wearables and robots benefit from better sensing and greater mobility, so their designs tend to use the latest small, low-power sensors


Finding reliable, meaningful patterns in data with high numbers of attributes can be extremely difficult. Feature selection helps us to decide what attributes or combination of attributes are most important for finding these patterns. In this chapter, we study feature selection methods for building classification models from high-throughput genomic (microarray) and proteomic (mass spectrometry) data sets. Thousands of feature candidates must be analyzed, compared and combined in such data sets. We describe the basics of four different approaches used for feature selection and illustrate their effects on an MS cancer proteomic data set. The closing discussion provides assistance in performing an analysis in high-dimensional genomic and proteomic data.


The invention discloses a graphene/titanium carbide (TiC) composite coating and a preparation method thereof. According to the coating, TiC is used as a main phase, graphene, Fe and Fe3C are used as a second phase, the content of TiC accounts for 70wt%-90wt% of the coating, and the content of the graphene ranges from 0.1wt% to 1wt%. A TiC semi-sintered tool electrode and a workpiece are immersed in a solid-liquid mixed processing fluid prepared from alkyl functional modified graphene and kerosene, the tool electrode and the workpiece are adjusted and controlled to have the proper clearance, then impulsive discharge is performed, the TiC tool electrode is melted under the effect of energy produced by discharge and is transferred to a workpiece surface micro-melting bath, a micro-melting bath material is subjected to codeposition with the graphene dispersed in the working fluid on the surface of the workpiece in the process of re-solidification, and the graphene/TiC composite coating is formed on the surface of the workpiece finally. The composite coating is metallurgically bonded to the workpiece and has the advantages of high hardness, good toughness, friction reduction, abrasion resistance and the like, and the service life of a tool and the service life of a mold can be effectively prolonged.


Abstract : This report concerns the operation and maintenance of the liquid helium condensation cryopump system built for and in collaboration with the Air Force Geophysics Laboratory at Hanscom AFB. The first section briefly describes the theory of operation and discusses the precautions that should be taken when using the system. The second section describes the system and assembly procedures. The third section explains how to use the storage dewar. The fourth section describes the operating procedure of the cryopump. In the fifth section troubleshooting and maintenance procedures are explained. All relevant drawings and tables are included in the sixth and last section.


In recent years, analytical tools and approaches to model the costs and benefits of energy storage have proliferated in parallel with the rapid growth in the energy storage market. Some analytical tools focus on the technologies themselves, with methods for projecting future energy storage technology costs and different cost metrics used to compare storage system designs. Other tools focus on the integration of storage into larger energy systems, including how to economically operate energy storage, estimate the air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions effects of storage, or understand how policy and market rules influence storage deployment and operation. Given the confluence of evolving technologies, policies, and systems, we highlight some key challenges for future energy storage models, including the use of imperfect information to make dispatch decisions for energy-limited storage technologies and estimating how different market structures will impact the deployment of additional energy storage.


Combining textile fabrics with three-dimensional printed items can be a good approach to save time and money as compared with purely three-dimensional printed large-scale objects, to reach desired position-dependent mechanical properties, for design and technological purposes. The main challenge in such bi-material systems is the adhesion between both partners of the composites. Although some experimental research on this topic has been performed during the last years, only few theoretical investigations exist which may support striving for material combinations with higher adhesion. Here, we give an overview of the recent state of experimental research on adhesion in textile/polymer composites as well as of theoretical investigations on adhesion inside the three-dimensional printed part. Combining both topics, we suggest further research approaches to increase the textile/polymer adhesion.


In consideration of pilot-based channel estimation in large-scale MIMO( Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) communication systems,hundreds of antennas are equipped at the base station. Conventional MMSE estimator enjoys good performance in the estimation accuracy,and however,when MMSE channel estimation method is used to implement estimation,the operation of covariance matrix inversion would result in computational complexity of O(M3),M meaning the dimension of channel covariance matrix,and when the base station is equipped with hundreds of antennas,this would be an extremely complex process. To solve this problem,the inversion process is transformed into solution of linear equations,thus the computation complexity of the whole process is reduced to O( NM2) through conjugate gradient method,N meaning the iterations number of conjugate gradient algorithm and NM.


The study examined the determinants of the utilization of ornamental plants as alternative health therapy in Akure South Local Government Area in Ondo State, Nigeria. Random sampling technique was used to select one hundred and twenty (120) respondents for the study. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentages and means were used to present study findings. Chi-square was used to test the study hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. Data revealed that the majority (74.0%) of the respondents were married, with a mean age of 36.1 years and only 96.8 % of the respondents had formal education. The study revealed that 98.3% of the respondents were aware of  medicinal ornamental plants that could be used as alternative health therapy such as moringa, aloevera, roses, scent leaf, lemon grass, fern and jatropha  their medicinal and the health cases that they can be used for which range from malaria, stomach pain, skin diseases, eye defect to mouth diseases. The findings showed that moringa ( 15X"> : 3.68) was more often utilized among the common medicinal ornamental plants. The study has established that there was no significant relationship between the sex (P= 0.321≤ 0.05), marital status (P= 0.479≤ 0.05), educational status (P= 0.501≤ 0.05), religion (P= 0.291≤ 0.05) and primary occupation (P= 0.321≤ 0.05) of the respondents and the use of ornamental plants as alternative health therapy. Preservation, information and lack of standard measurement of usage were the factors influencing the utilization of ornamental plants as revealed by this study. It was recommended that research should be encouraged to find the means of preparing and preserving medicinal ornamental plants for people to use more efficiently and effectively.


A novel double-paned extended 2D network (TbMOF–COOH) containing large volume lantern-like open pores was prepared. With active uncoordinated carboxyl groups pointing to the interior of the pores, TbMOF–COOH has a high selectivity and sensitivity for Fe3+ ions via a luminescence quenching mechanism.


The vessels of the brain can be divided into 5 divisions according to their role in nourishing the latter: 1) driving arteries, 2) feeding arterioles, 3) oxygen-supplying capillaries, 4) suctioning venules, and 5) diverting veins.


Housing acquaintance,for the rural-urban migrants'family,not only has the value for living,but also represent its differences of the ways to acquire their housing,class differentiation,identity recognition and other symbolic value。It's the key that the rural-urban migrants families integrate into the city.Meanwhile,relevant city housing policy tries to keep up with the advancement of integration of rural-urban migrants'family in city life.The interaction between these two factors accelerates the progress of national urbanization.


IntroductionInterrogating police officers, henceforth IPOs, adopt a number of strategies in their bid to achieve success in the course of their enquiries. One of the onerous tasks of the police is the task of investigating criminal intent. In the Nigerian context, a department known as Criminal Investigation Department is saddled with the task of probing criminal activities. Such investigations are carried out in accordance with the provisions of the Nigerian Constitution. There is no doubt that crime investigation places a great of demand on the psyche (Dastjerdi, 2008; Edwards, 2013). This behoves IPOs to resort to psychological tactics in achieving confession. Achieving confessional statements is the overall goal of IPOs. However, suspects flagrantly work at cross purposes with the goal of IPOs; suspects do not voluntarily confess during the course of interrogation. IPOs resort to deception instead of physical torture in their attempt to obtain confessional statements from suspects. Deception is a means through which IPOs conceal certain information, ideas, intents and emotions so as to get suspects confess during interrogation.Forensic linguistics has recently attracted the attention of language researchers. One of the concerns of their research is investigating the language of police interrogation (Gordon, 2012; Heffer, 2010). Police officers' use of language during interrogation is worthy of being investigated as different motivations, ideologies of IPOs are unraveled through a close study of the language of enquiry (Farinde, 2008; Ahialey, 2013; Ayodele, 2013; Makandi, 2008; Haworth, 2012). In Nigeria for example, IPOs resort to deception to feign a number of issues before suspects. Such use of deception is aimed at ensuring the success of the enquiry. Ekundare (2014) observes that IPOs take into cognizance the age, religion, social status, marital status and degree of suspects' crime during investigation. He notes that these factors come to bear during investigation. On the same issue, Nicola (2012) observes that the physical setting of the interrogation room and the conduct of IPOs are prominent factors that affect the interrogation process. Akinrinlola (2016) notes that deception is needful in handling the complexities and hurdles experienced by IPOs during crime investigation. Deception is a conscious process of veiling facts and cleverly luring suspects to confess to crime Leo (2009). It is observed that deception manifests greatly in police-suspect interaction. IPOs go extra mile in achieving confession in their interaction with suspects. They sometimes appeal to suspects' ignorance, intellect and circumstances surrounding suspects' crimes (Akinrinlola and Ajayi, 2016). Deception manifests at the interrogation stage of the entire enquiry. Suspects' cognition is manipulated to achieve certain institutional goals during interrogation sessions. Both IPOs and suspects are communicators in such interaction and the need for them to maximize relevance in the course of interrogation is geared by the need to manipulate the mental state of others. The interactants (IPOs and suspects), routinely work towards what generates positive cognitive effects in the interaction. It is important to assert that the study is predicated on inferential communication and this underscores the fact that background knowledge and context of the interaction give clue to meaning.Studies on police discourse have examined discourse acts and legal requirements in police interrogation. Some of these studies include those of (Leo, 2009; Reid, 2007; Magid, 2007; Heydon, 2005; Makandi, 2008; Haworth, 2012; Farinde, 1997, 2008; Terebo, 2012; Sadiq, 2012; Ayodele, 1988). These studies have not engaged the psychological peculiarities in police-suspect interaction. Besides, the studies do not describe how police officers manifest power over suspects. This study intends to describe deception as a strategy used by IPOs in eliciting confessional statements from suspects and describe how power relations are negotiated in such interaction. …


The short review of spheres of possible use of means and methods of radio-frequency identification in military science is resulted. The variant of the mobile input reader of radio-frequency labels for the operative decision of problems of the account and the control of presence of various material objects in places of their storage is offered


Management of lands for a variety of uses requires knowledge of sensitive areas so that effective land use strategies can be designed. Soil surveys provide baseline information that can be used for land use evaluation. Inthis study, the Kuwait soil information system, which is based on a field survey at reconnaissance level (1:100,000 scale), was used to generate suitability information and maps for wildlife habitats and recreational camping areas. Land use suitability for wildlife habitat and recreational camping areas was determined by interpreting soil property information from the soil survey database against criteria established for Kuwait's conditions. Using a geographic information system, maps were developed, based on interpretation of the soil survey map unit component soils, and used to show the suitable areas. Results showed that 87% of the land was classified as "well suited" and "suited" for wildlife habitats and that 56% of the land had "severe limitations" for recreational camping. Soil information, when expressed using suitability criteria, can assist with land use evaluation and provides valuable information for screening areas.


The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between service climate dimensions and organizational performance and to what extent these dimensions influence organizational performance. A total of 103 samples were collected from three public universities in Northern Malaysia. The respondents were employees of the universities and t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression was used to analyse data. The result of the study reveals significant relationship between the three dimensions of service climate and the organizational performance of universities'
employees. According to the regression results, it was also visible that overall service climate has a significant relationship with organizational performance. Besides, when each dimension tested separately, customer orientation (CO) dimension has found a significant relationship with organizational performance. It is indicating that customer orientation has a strong influence on organizational performance. Other two dimensions work facilitation (WF) and managerial support (MS) found an insignificant relationship with organizational performance because their low beta value indicated so. Also, t-test reveals that there is no mean difference of organizational performance in respect of male and female respondents. The
significance of this study is to develop motivated workforce by deploying an inspiring service climate to ensure the superior institutional performance


Junit is a Java based unit test framework, it is an open source project. This paper analyses the source codes of the Junit based on the Junit application in the commercial project, and finds out how it uses the design pattern. Some application scenarios of Junit are also discussed in the paper.


Parthenogenetic aphids contain two developmentally distinct populations of the intracellular bacterial symbiont Buchnera, one in the embryos and the second in the maternal tissues. The total number of bacteria is larger in the embryos than in maternal tissues for all apterous aphids from newborn larvae to mid-reproductive adults. Overall, the bacteria represented 2–5 % of the total biomass of the symbiosis, and their density (in terms of bacterial: total protein) was higher in embryos (3–13%) than in maternal tissues (0.5-2.0%). The growth and division of the bacteria in the maternal tissues varied with aphid developmental age, with evidence for a restriction of bacterial division rates in fourth-instar larvae. The biomass and proliferation rates of bacteria may have considerable impact on the relative importance of embryonic and maternal symbiosis in the nutritional interactions between the bacteria and aphid tissues.


This paper investigates the interaction of a radiator's thermal plume and downdraught of cold glazed surfaces. Draughts in working areas are one of the most common thermal comfort complaints in modern buildings. A typical solution for dealing with these draughts is positioning the heat emitters such as radiators or convectors under the windows. However, with thermally efficient envelopes, the internal loads compromise a relatively high fraction of the heating demand and the emitters are working under partial loads in modern buildings. This study comprises two parts: an experimental phase in the EN442 standardized test chamber with a 21-type radiator, and a CFD simulation phase, where the model is validated and applied under an expanded set of boundary conditions. The expanded simulation set results provide preliminary insight into sizing and design. More specifically, the thermal plume can be parametrised with a velocity and temperature value along with the room air and glazing temperatures for a broader analysis and assessment of the risk of draught.


The control of a three-link planar robot, whose parameters roughly match a small commercially available arm, is considered. The end effector of the arm moves along a specified trajectory on a surface with dry friction while maintaining a prespecified constant pressure against the surface both with and without force sensors at the tip. A control strategy is presented with nonlinear position and velocity error feedback gains which are state dependent. Digital computer simulations of the motion are provided for comparison purposes and for demonstrating the effectiveness of this strategy.


This paper describes the rationale and design process for Shoebox, a "digital box" that combines the storage and display of digital images in the home in one unit. By combining these two functions in one, Shoebox attempts to bridge the divide between the location within a home where digital content is typically stored, and the means by which it can be put on display, as well as provide a form factor that encourages co-located sharing of images.


Accurate determination of the abundance of CH2 in interstellar media relies on both radiative and collisional rate coefficients. We investigate here the rotational/fine-structure excitation of CH2 induced by collisions with He. We employ a recoupling technique to generate finestructure-resolved cross-sections and rate coefficients from close coupling spin-free scattering calculations. The calculations are based on a recent, high-accuracy CH2–He potential energy surface computed at the coupled clusters level of theory. The collisional cross-section calculations are performed for all fine-structure transitions among the first 22 and 24 energy levels of orthoand para-CH2, respectively, and for temperatures up to 300 K. As a first application, we simulate the excitation of CH2 in typical molecular clouds. The excitation temperatures of the CH2 lines are found to be small at typical densities of molecular clouds, showing that the non-local thermodynamic equilibrium approach has to be used to analyse interstellar spectra. We also found that the fine-structure lines connected with the 404 − 313 and 505 − 414 rotational transitions show possible maser emissions so that they can be easily seen in emission. These calculations show that CH2 may have to be detected mainly through absorption spectra.


Objective To investigate the apoptosis of submandibular glandular cells and the effects of Heshouwuyin on the expressions of β-galactosidase in submandibular glands of aging rats. Methods D-galactose senescence model was adopted in this research. The effects of Heshouwuyi were divided into two parts:preventive and treatment experiment. The β-galactosidase activity was detected.Results Experimental part of the prevention,the number of the aging positive cells in model submandibular glands was significantly higher than that of normal and preventing groups. Part of the treatment experiment,the number of the aging positive cells in treatment groups was lower than that of self-restoring groups. Conclusions Heshouwuy can obviously delay aging of model rats' submandibular gland.


In an attempt to unravel some of the secrets of glass, the exhibit and lecture series Glass Art Reflects the Future, held in the Schein-Joseph International Museum of Ceramic Art at Alfred University, explores the making of art glass at the beginning of the 20th century to discover some of the origins of today's advanced glasses. Using art glass objects from the collection of the Paul Vickers Gardner Glass Center, the exhibits relate art and technical glass objects that share batch components, similar processing methods or related finishing methods.


SUMMARY The present studies were undertaken to investigate the interaction of the bacterial antagonists Bacillus cereus X16 and B. thuringiensis 55T with Fusarium roseum var. sambucinum, the causal agent of potato dry rot. On wounded potato tubers, both bacilli effectively suppressed the development of Fusarium dry rot. Nevertheless, confrontation of the fungal pathogen with the antagonists on nutrient agar revealed that B. cereus X16, induced a strong visible inhibition zone but B. thuringiensis 55T did not. Light microscopy of the interaction regions after confrontation with B. cereus X16 on nutrient agar generally showed apparently intact fungal cells with densely stained protoplasm, indicating that the inhibition was due to stasis rather than toxicity. By contrast, in presence of B. thuringiensis, Fusarium cells appeared markedly damaged, with partial to complete cell wall disintegration and disorganization and generally complete loss of protoplasm. These observations suggest that, contrary to our expectations, antibiotic and chitinolytic activities of B. thuringiensis 55T may be highly significant in the parasitism of the pathogen. Confrontation in liquid medium revealed that both bacteria completely inhibited the germination of Fusarium macroconidia and resulted in their destruction. This suggests that, to produce their fungitoxic and hydrolytic effects, the two bacteria should make intimate contact with Fusarium cells.


Debates on the regulation of stem cell research (SCR) tend to center on the governance of ethically contested stem cells (i.e. human embryonic), focus on the macro-dynamics of science development and the role of legislative bodies, and rely on documentary resources. They also largely ignore regulatory dynamics in adult SCR, where clinical trials have brought SCR closer to application. This article examines the contextual elaboration of novel medical treatment regulation in relation to stem cell therapies for heart repair using adult stem cells, in two European countries, the UK and Germany. It presents some of the challenges regulation poses in practice for both regulators and clinical teams, and discusses how the tension between the creation and maintenance of standards and the development of new treatments is understood by the regulators themselves. The conclusion evaluates the significance of regulatory practices in the production of new stem cell therapies in particular and innovative treatments more generally.


life, and finally there is a short appendix giving the doses of certain medicines, and a few prescriptions and recipes. We are told what is very true, that although in examining ohildren it is of the utmost importance that every effort should be made to establish friendly relations with the patient, thia is not the case with young infants; in fact, that it is, as a rule, waste of time to seek to conciliate them,


Solid-state [sup 113]Cd NMR chemical shift ([delta][sup iso]) and chemical shift anisotropy ([delta][sub ii]) data are reported for crystalline samples of three different compounds containing the [S[sub 4]Cd[sup 10](SPh)[sub 16]][sup 4[minus]] cluster. This cluster is a supertetrahedral fragment of the cubic (sphalerite) CdS lattice and contains two types of CdS[sub 4] coordination, Cd[sup i][l brace]([mu][sub 3]-S)[sub 2]([mu]-SPh)[sub 2][r brace] and Cd[sup o][l brace]([mu]-SPh)[sub 3](SPh)[r brace]. Although the Cd sites in these compounds are all pseudotetrahedral, there are in these three different samples small distortions and variations in the coordination geometry at the Cd atoms, arising from configurational isomerism at ([mu]-SPh) and crystal packing variations at the periphery of the clusters. The chemical shift data reflect these geometrical variations. Chemical shift anisotropies ([delta][sub 33]-[delta][sub 11]) range from 207 to 480 ppm for the pseudotetrahedral CdS[sub 4] coordination. Variations in the chemical shift data correlate principally with S-Cd-S angle variation. Isotropic chemical shifts for Cd[sup o] vary by only 20 ppm, but individual [delta][sub ii] and chemical shift anisotropies ([delta][sub 33]-[delta][sub 11]) are changed by up to 70 ppm for 5[degrees] variations in angles at Cd[sup o]. At Cd[sup i], angle differences of similar magnitude cause [delta][sub iso] values to vary bymore » 46 ppm, [delta][sub ii] values by 80 ppm, and ([delta][sub 33]-[delta][sub 11]) values by 100 ppm. The data and correlations reported will be valuable in the interpretation of [sup 113]Cd NMR chemical shift data for biological and electronic materials based on cadmium sulfide and thiolate clusters. Crystal structure data for (Et[sub 3]NH)[sub 4][S[sub 4]Cd[sub 10](SPh)[sub 16]] are reported. 34 refs., 7 figs., 5 tabs.« less


The utility model discloses a wet-process desulphurization system with a multi-stage humidifying demisting device, relates to a thermal power plant purifying device and specifically relates to a device used for lowering dust content of a wet-process desulphurization flue gas of a spraying type desulphurization absorbing tower. The wet-process desulphurization system comprises an absorbing tower (1), wherein a spraying layer (6) and a demister (7) are arranged in the tower; a humidifying spray nozzle (8) is arranged behind the demister (7); a tail-stage demister (9) is arranged in a flue path (3) behind the humidifying spray nozzle (8); a flushing spray nozzle (10) with a flushing tail-stage demister (9) is arranged in front of the tail-stage demister (9). The wet-process desulphurization system disclosed by the utility model has the advantages as follows: firstly, smoke dust emission load of a thermal power plant chimney is effectively lowered; secondly, energy consumption is low, and energy consumption indexes are superior to those of electric-bag dust removal and wet-type electric dust removal; thirdly, investment is smaller which is only 30%-50% of that of the electric-bag dust removal and 15%-20% of that of the wet-type electric dust removal, device maintenance is convenient and service life is long; fourthly, construction period is short, and construction can be completed within 10 days-20 days; fifthly, operation and adjustment are simple, and device is safe and reliable.


Most of the fractures in children and adolescents are treated conservatively with Plaster of Paris casts, traction. Those requiring operative intervention are managed with K wires, elastic nails and plates. External fixation is used only in open fractures, vascular injuries, polytrauma patients and burns. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of the children records who underwent external fixation of their fractures for various reasons to find out those reasons and the bones which were fixed externally, and the results of external fixation with respect union and any complications. Results: Twenty eight patients including 19 males (68%), age between 6 and 14 yrs average age 9.64 years were treated from 2013 to 2018. A total of thirty five fractured areas were present which included ten femur fractures, nineteen tibial fractures, five patients had vascular repairs. Union rate 100%, average time to union 10.84 weeks. One refracture femur, one varus and valgus malunions of distal tibia, one grade 4 pin tract infection, on shortening and one lengthening both less than 2cms. Conclusions: External fixation in pediatric trauma is rather a compulsion than a choicest treatment modality, in view of hemodynamic instability, multiple injuries, open fractures and vascular injuries but with acceptable rates of union and complications.


We consider the power-constrained complex memoryless additive white Gaussian noise channel whose channel inputs are drawn from a finite alphabet. It is well known that if the probability mass function over the finite alphabet is uniform, a shaping gap is created that asymptotically approaches 1.53 dB as the constellation cardinality approaches infinity. In a recent paper, we proposed a method to compute the shaping gap for a finite alphabet size and finite SNR. Here, we take advantage of the constellations that can be represented as cross products of the in-phase (real) and quadrature (imaginary) unidimensional constellations. For a 256-QAM constellation, we construct separate simple in-phase and quadrature inner trellis codes whose combined information rate bridges (and nearly closes) the shaping gap. We then demonstrate that a judiciously constructed outer iteratively decodable low-density parity-check code performs inside the shaping gap, which is very near the channel capacity.


The purpose of this study is to analyze potential values of narrative inquiry in disability
research. Through literature review, this study analyzes how narrative inquiry can disrupt
habitual representation of disability and oppressive knowledge production. This study, first of
all, examines the concept of narrative inquiry by exploring what distinguishes it from other
research approaches. This study further examines how poststructuralist researchers complexify
discourses of narrative inquiry through the reconceptualized notions of identity, experience,
language, and power relations. Next, the potentials and possibilities that the narrative inquiry
approach has in disability research are discussed. Then, this study reviews two studies that
adopt narrative inquiry as a methodology to illuminate lived lives of people with visual
impairment. This study claims that narrative inquiry can interrogate and challenge the master
narratives of disability because it asks a different question, takes a indeterministic stance, and
promotes researchers' self-reflexivity. This study concludes that narrative inquiry is a less
violent research methodology than the traditional positivist research approaches because it
threatens any confidence of researchers in making truth claims about lives of people with
disabilities.


The optimization of the temporary wafer bonding process for thin wafers handling is reported. Two temporary bonding materials are evaluated with two low temperature cure (200degC) dielectrics. TGA results show that the dielectric materials are more stable at high temperature (260degC) with not more than 1% weight loss while the temporary bonding adhesives gave a higher weigh loss of 5.5%. It is found that optimal dehydration bake on both device and carrier wafer can create a void-free bonding. The dielectric and bonding material compatibility is also important to prevent temporary bonding from voiding.


Purpose
A government website is considered as an electronic government service delivery system (eGSDS). The authors look at this eGSDS from its process point of view. This study aims to expand the existing knowledge of e-government adoption, and to identify the significance of eGSDS process to user satisfaction.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses a quantitative technique using data collected from 197 respondents. Structure equation modeling has been used to test the model and the proposed hypotheses.

Findings
The findings indicate that as the eGSDS process improves, a user's perception of the government website's ease of use increases, leading to increased perceived usefulness, which increases user satisfaction. The findings also indicate that eGSDS process has a significant impact on perceived usefulness and user satisfaction. This study provides evidence that the technological capabilities embedded in the government website processes are an important factor in determining e-government service quality and ultimately e-government user satisfaction.

Research limitations/implications
The sample used was sufficient for this study and allowed reasonable conclusions to be drawn, but cannot be considered representative of all e-government users in India. Further research may help to validate the findings and generalize the results to a wider population. This study extends the current literature that looks at e-government adoption. Academicians and information systems researchers may use these findings for further research.

Practical implications
The research provides evidence that the technological capabilities embedded in the eGSDS process are critical in adopting e-government services. Government or concerned agencies may consider eGSDS process attributes (e.g. navigation, searching and transacting) while designing e-government service to give improved experience to its user.

Originality/value
E-government websites have become an important point of contact with citizens for many public services. However, more study is needed to understand how Web-based technological capabilities of e-government services affect user satisfaction. This study is an attempt to explore the impact of the eGSDS process on e-government user satisfaction.


The crystal structure of the complex [Mn{OOP(O-2,6-iPr2C6H3)2}(CH3OH)5]+[OOP(O-2,6-iPr2C6H3)2]−·(CH3OH)3 exhibits O—H⋯O bonds between the cations, anions and non-coordinating methanol molecules, forming infinite one-dimensional associates. The complex demonstrates inhibition of thermal oxidation of polydimethylsiloxane.


There are a series of conflicts between the protective medical system and informed consent right,but it does not mean that there is no compatibility absolutely.The compatibility is the consistency of theory.Based on the correct understanding the conflicts,the article intends to keep balance by improving legislation,distinguishing their application and other methods and in order to considerate to the rights both of doctor and patient under the protection of medical regulations.


In recent years, increasing pollution of the ecological environment, excessive use of pesticides, and lack of effective management of agricultural product supply chains have made the problem of having a green and safe supply of fresh food increasingly prominent. The sustainability of the fresh agricultural products supply has become an inevitable focus in the development of agricultural enterprises. There are some problems in the supply chain of fresh agricultural products, such as scattered production sites and difficult logistics transportation, which makes it difficult for enterprises to choose reliable suppliers. Supplier selection is a key component of sustainable supply chain management, and the criteria for evaluating the quality of sustainable suppliers are often affected by economic, social, and environmental factors. Therefore, from the perspective of sustainability, based on triple bottom line theory and comprehensively considering the three aspects of society, environment, and economy, this paper proposes a novel evaluation index system for the selection of sustainable suppliers of fresh agricultural products. This paper innovatively integrates the intuition fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and TODIM (an acronym in Portuguese of interactive and multiple attribute decision-making), and these are applied to select sustainable suppliers. Finally, the integration method is applied to the example, and a sensitivity analysis is carried out to verify the validity of the evaluation model.


Recently, cosmic ray (CR) feedback has been identified as a critical process in galaxy formation but most previous simulations have integrated out the energy-dependence of the CR distribution, despite its large extent over more than twelve decades in particle energy. To improve upon this simplification, we present the implementation and first application of spectrally resolved CRs which are coupled to the magneto-hydrodynamics in simulations of galaxy formation. The spectral model for the CRs enables more accurate cooling of CRs and allows for an energy-dependent spatial diffusion, for which we introduce a new stable numerical algorithm that proves essential in highly dynamical systems. We perform galaxy formation simulations with this new model and compare the results to a grey CR approach with a simplified diffusive transport and effective cooling that assumes steady-state spectra. We find that the galaxies with spectrally resolved CRs differ in morphology, star formation rate, and strength and structure of the outflows. Interestingly, the first outflow front is driven by CRs with average momenta of $\sim200-600\,\mathrm{Gev}~c^{-1}$. The subsequent formation of outflows, which reach mass loading factors of order unity, are primarily launched by CRs of progressively smaller average momenta of $\sim8-15\,\mathrm{GeV}~c^{-1}$. The CR spectra in the galactic centre quickly approach a steady state, which does not significantly vary over time. In the outer disc and outflow regions, the spectral shape approaches steady state only after $\sim2\,\mathrm{Gyr}$ of evolution. Furthermore, the shapes of the approximate steady state spectra differ for individual regions of the galaxy, which highlights the importance of actively including the full CR spectrum.


Cerium Dioxide Nanoparticle Exposure and Microvascular Dysfunction: Potential Mechanistic Links Valerie C. Minarchick Cerium dioxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NP), an engineered nanomaterial, have great potential from a consumer and therapeutic perspective. Currently, CeO2 NP are added to diesel fuel to decrease the soot emissions commonly associated with diesel engines. CeO2 NP also have therapeutic applications (e.g. improve outcomes following stroke and radiation treatments) due to their anti-oxidant capabilities. These applications increase CeO2 NP exposure risk not only for manufacturers, but also for the general community; however, there are currently limited studies that investigated the effects of CeO2 NP exposure via multiple exposure routes. Furthermore, there are no studies that investigate the microvascular consequences of CeO2 NP exposure despite its importance in blood pressure and flow regulation. Therefore, the aim of the first study was to determine the microvascular impacts of pulmonary CeO2 NP exposure. Based on previous studies with other nanoparticles, we predicted that CeO2 NP exposure would cause microvascular dysfunction that was dose and microvascular bed dependent. Microvascular function was assessed in mesenteric and coronary arterioles via isolated microvessels. Following exposure, endotheliumdependent and -independent arteriolar dilation was significantly impaired. CeO2 NP exposure also resulted in pulmonary inflammation (assessed via bronchoalveolar lavage). Finally, these impairments and inflammatory changes were dose dependent and microvascular bed dependent. The aims of the second study were 1) determine the microvascular impacts of CeO2 NP exposure via non-pulmonary exposure routes (e.g. injection and ingestion) and 2) investigate the underlying mechanisms of microvascular dysfunction. Isolated mesenteric arterioles were analyzed 24 h post-exposure. Endothelium-dependent and – independent dilation was significantly impaired following the injection and ingestion of CeO2 NP and the severity of dysfunction was dose and exposure route dependent. Finally, this study determined that these impairments might be mechanistically linked to decreased soluble guanylyl cyclase activation, cyclic guanosine monophosphate responsiveness, and nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Finally, this study, along with the first study, established the dose, which caused a 50% impairment in arteriolar reactivity (EC50) for each exposure route. The final study in this dissertation aimed to determine the in vivo anti-oxidant activity of CeO2 NP in the presence of a pre-existing pathology. Based on CeO2 NP catalytic activity, we predicted that exposure would decrease the microvascular dysfunction and oxidative stress associated with hypertension. Endothelium-dependent dilation was assessed via intravital microscopy and was significantly improved in spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats following CeO2 NP exposure. Vascular oxidative stress was also significant reduced in the SH rats post-CeO2 NP exposure. Finally, CeO2 NP altered the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the Wistar-Kyoto and SH groups. In conclusion, these studies indicated that CeO2 NP exposure results in microvascular alterations, which are microvascular bed, exposure route, dose, and pathology dependent. Furthermore, these alterations may be due to changes in inflammation, oxidative stress, NO bioavailability, and/or intracellular signaling. These studies improve our understanding of the microvascular effects of CeO2 NP, which is essential for the development of these nanoparticles in commercial and therapeutic applications.


TGF-β is a pluripotent cytokine that controls key tumor suppressive functions such as cell growth inhibition, induction of apoptosis, cellular senescence and differentiation. Cancer cells are often unresponsive to TGF-β. Blasts from several leukemia subtypes including acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) display resistance to TGF-β-growth inhibitory and differentiating activity. As TGF-β, the PML tumor suppressor of APL is also known to modulate key tumor suppressive functions. PML is found to accumulate in the PML-nuclear body, although cytoplasmic isoforms of unknown function have also been described. The PML-RARα fusion oncoprotein of APL is found to accumulate both in the nucleus and cytoplasm and is thought to act as a dominant negative PML mutant in view of its ability to heterodimerize with PML. Given the functional similarities between PML and TGF-β and their functional loss in APL, we asked whether PML would modulate TGF-β function. Here we show that cytoplasmic Pml is an essential modulator of TGF-β signaling. Pml -null primary cells of diverse histological origins are resistant to TGF-β-dependent growth arrest, induction of cellular senescence and apoptosis. Induction of TGF-β target genes such as p21 and p15, as well as Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation is also dramatically impaired in the absence of Pml. Cytoplasmic Pml is induced by TGF-β and its add-back to Pml -null cells can fully rescue these biological and biochemical defects. Furthermore, we find that cytoplasmic PML physically interacts with Smad2/3 and SARA (Smad anchor for receptor activation), colocalizes with these proteins in cytosolic regions and is required for association of Smad2/3 with SARA and for the accumulation of SARA and TGF-β receptor in the early endosome. We demonstrate that the PML-RARα oncoprotein of APL can antagonize cytoplasmic PML function and that APL blasts display defects in TGF-β signaling similar to that observed in Pml -null cells, which can be overcome by retinoic acid (RA) and As2O3, drugs that induce PML-RARα degradation and are effective in APL treatment. Our findings identify cytoplasmic PML as a critical TGF-β regulator, and further implicate deregulated TGF-β signaling in cancer pathogenesis.


Humans have a dual mind, the mind of the left hemisphere and the mind of the right hemisphere. The left hemisphere has an organ for language and when awake can be conscious of things with linguistic labels. The right hemisphere is good at operating with mental images as in dreams. The functions of the right hemisphere include extrasensory perception and psychokinesis. However, the findings that have been advanced in favour of the idea that personality survives death have mostly been discussed in terms of the continuation of the left mind. This paper explores the pro and cons of this approach. THE TWO BRAIN HEMISPHERES AND THE IDEA OF SURVIVAL AFTER DEATH Following the lead of Frederic Myers (1903), the possibility of survival has been discussed in terms of the survival of personality, but with little attention to the organ where the idea of personality originates. Studies of the brain reveal that humans possess two very different personalities: the personality of the left-brain hemisphere and the personality of the right- brain hemisphere. Physiologically and psychologically each of us has a split personality. In the healthy individual the two sides of brain work together. In the simple act of walking, now it's the right hemisphere and the left leg, then the left hemisphere and the right leg. Similarly the right hemisphere is in charge of the left arm and hand, and reverse for the left hemisphere. Our eyes and ears also come in pairs, each primarily controlled by the opposite hemisphere. The two hemispheres are bridged by the corpus callosum, a large bundle of neurons. If it were not for this bridge, the left hand would not know what the right hand is doing. For a person whose corpus callosum has been cut, usually to relieve epileptic symptoms, neither side of the body knows about the other.


This paper presents a survey of recent microeconometric studies of the labor market, focusing on research that emphasizes the possible failure of measured wage rates to separate individual supply and demand decisions. On both the demand and supply sides of the labor market there is evidence that forces from the other side of the market influence employment outcomes through some mechanism other than the wage. On the supply side, this evidence takes the form of correlations between individual labor supply outcomes and market-level measures of employment demand in the individual's local labor market. On the demand side, it takes the form of correlations between firms' employment decisions and measures of their employees' outside opportunities. Both sets of findings are inconsistent with simple supply and demand models, and suggest the need for alternative models of the labor market, which permit an uncoupling of short-run employment decisions from wage rates.


In preparation for a representational election following a hospital merger, one union initiated a study of its members' perceptions. Telephone interviews with a random sample of 410 union members assessed the union's provision of service to its members, communication with members, union satisfaction, union democracy, union loyalty and their sense of community. Union loyalty, union satisfaction, sense of community and union democracy were the best predictors of the members' views and attitudes about their union, and their predisposition to support the union in the representational election. The results demonstrate the importance of both instrumentality and socialization in a union's survival.