The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the second vegetable of greatest economic importance in Brazil, but very affected by bacterial diseases. The bacterial leaf spot caused by Xanthomonas vesicatoria, X. euvesicatoria, X. gardneri and X. perforans leads to losses in the production and quality of tomato fruits, in addition to the chemical control of the disease being inefficient. However, new control alternatives have gained space, such as nanotechnology, where metallic nanocrystals have been used in agriculture, mainly in phytopathology, as a fungicidal and bactericidal agent. However, researchs involving the use of nanocrystals in the control of bacterial spot in tomato is scarce. Therefore, the objective of this work was: (i) evaluate the toxicity of pure and doped zinc oxide nanocrystals with different chemical elements in varying concentrations to inhibit bacterial growth in vitro; (ii) evaluate the exposure time of the nanocrystals to bacteria to cause mortality; (iii) evaluate the preventive and curative controls of the bacterial spot of tomatoes in a greenhouse using nanocrystals; (iv) evaluate the inoculation of the seeds with the bacterial suspension and the treatment of them with nanocrystals in the detection and germination of the seeds. Toxicity was evaluated based on the formation of a halo of inhibition of bacterial growth in vitro with pure and doped nanocrystals. For the evaluation of the bactericidal action in hours, the bacterial suspension (10 CFU/mL) was placed in contact with the solution of each nanocrystal and evaluated after plating after 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 hours of contact. For the preventive control of the bacterial stain, the plants were sprayed with nanocrystals and after 2 days they were inoculated with the bacterial suspension (10 CFU/mL). For curative control the plants were inoculated and 2 days later they were sprayed with nanocrystals. The severity of the disease was assessed using the diagrammatic scale and the area under the disease progress curve. Tomato seeds were inoculated with the bacterial suspension and treated with nanocrystals and the detection of the bacteria and germination of the seeds were evaluated. The pure ZnO nanocrystals showed, in general, greater capacity to inhibit growth, however doping with the elements Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Au, K and Ag also inhibited bacterial growth in vitro. The exposure time of the bacterial suspension to the nanocrystals solution for 5 hours was sufficient for mortality and decrease of CFU/mL, mainly with potassium doped nanocrystal. The preventive control reduced the disease severity in the plants and the ZnO nanocrystals doped with molybdenum were efficient for the control of the tomato bacterial spot. The seeds inoculated and treated with nanocrystals showed a lower percentage of detection of bacteria in the seeds, with ZnO K significantly reducing the presence of bacteria in the seeds and the germination of the seeds did not change with the use of nanocrystals.


A number of useful zirconium compounds, such as hydrated zirconyl chloride, hydrated zirconium sulfate, zirconium dioxide, γ-zirconium ammonium phosphate, γ-zirconium phosphate, γ-zirconium phosphate phosphite, and γ-zirconium phosphate hypophosphite have been prepared from Bangladeshi zircon following the NaOH-fusion, acid (HCl and H2SO4)-leaching, precipitation, calcination/pyrolysis, condensation polymerization, ion exchange and the tap tactic reaction methods. The products have been characterized by chemical and thermogravimetric analyses in all cases, together with the XRD patterns and sodium exchange capacities in some cases.


Thank you for downloading social class in america a manual of procedure for the measurement of social status. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search numerous times for their chosen books like this social class in america a manual of procedure for the measurement of social status, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some infectious bugs inside their desktop computer.


The present invention discloses species from the drug delivery device (100) used pen needle (101), the pen needle hub comprises a body having an internal thread (216) to receive the drug delivery device (100) (113) . Column (121) is connected to the hub body (113). Pin (103) is rigidly secured to the post (121). The column (121) can be separated from the hub body (113) such that the needle (103) is removed and (121) from the column. Fluid path is not the removal of interference, because the entire needle (103) and the post (121) from being removed. Remove only the post (121) and said pin (103) reduces the required volume of waste disposal, thereby increasing the effective capacity of the sharps container.


This research was conducted to evaluate the physicochemical properties, antioxidant components, and their activities for more taking advantage of small redbean cultivars. Seed size, 100 seeds weight, and hardness on the 8 cultivars were measured. The free sugar and crude protein contents were evaluated using HPLC and protein analyzer, respectively. Amylose content, antioxidant components, and activities were analyzed by spectrophotometer. The range of 100 seeds weight and hardness were 12.55-18.81 g and 9,527.38-14,341.25 gf, respectively. Total free sugar, amylose, and crude protein were showed 22.49-31.07 mg/g, 13.53-15.67%, and 21.27-23.30%, respectively. The cultivar 'Hongeon' was higher antioxidant component and activity more than others. In clustering the cultivars based on the results, the tree showed four major clades. The 'Huinnarae' group was high in total free sugar and amylose content. The 'Hongeon' group were high in 100 seeds weight, antioxidant component. and activity, while amylose content was lower than that in the other groups. The results of the cultivars can be utilized for research of functional materials. The findings of this study will provide valuable information for expansion of functional food industry related on small redbean.


The identification of anomalies (such as bone fractures or tendonitis in muscles and soft tissues) through image processing and analysis techniques in Computed Tomography (CT) images is today of great importance to assist doctors and health professionals in making accurate diagnoses. The extraction of relevant information from the CT image is characterized by the calculation of gray level input image attributes. Statistical moments (SM) are calculated using the gray level distribution of an image and are therefore generally calculated from that image's histogram. These characteristics provide a statistical description of the relationship between different gray levels in the CT image. Haralick proposed a methodology for describing textures based on second order statistics, where characteristics are derived from co-occurrence matrices, which are constructed by counting different combinations of gray levels in an image according to certain directions. In this work, it is intended to automatically identify and extract regions in CT images based on textures as an aid for a quick and accurate diagnosis. CT images are first pre-processed for noise reduction and image enhancement, followed by the application of Haralick textures to segment and detect zones of interest. Classifiers trained on the Haralick invariant features showed good accuracy and performance. Despite the presence of low contrast and noise in some images, the proposed algorithms present promising results in the segmentation and automatic identification of regions of tomographic images, being an important contribution to support health professionals in the characterization of anomalies and their extension. Good results are expected for the next step of this work in the detection and segmentation of anomalies in CT images.


Abstract : An engineering methodology has been developed for the prediction of propulsive lift system induced aerodynamic effects for multi-lift-jet VTOL aircraft operating in the hover mode in an out of ground effect. The developed methodology takes into account the effects of aircraft geometry, aircraft orientation (pitch, roll) and height above the ground plane, cross-flow, lift- jet vector directions with respect to the airframe, lift-jet exit flow conditions and noncircular nozzle exit geometry for low aspect ratio nozzles.


The rapidly and improperly plan of urban development contributes to a significantly increase in sealed surface area, i.e., concrete and asphalt. As compared with the green surface, concrete and asphalt have a destructive impact on the natural water and energy balances in the city, which results in an array of problems including a high potential of flooding, urban heat island effect, high usage of energy for airconditioning as well as other environmental problems. In order to alleviate the problems logically and efficiently, green area must be increased. However, in practice it is difficult to realizable the green area due to the limit ground surface. The successful projects require that large green areas are applied to where the problems are located. In reality, such low developed-ground surfaces at minimum cost appear nowhere in the city. Therefore, innovative techniques for greening urban area from both researches and in-practices worldwide are illustrated herein this paper. The described greening techniques emphasize on the greening of roof, facade and the pavement systems. The incentive benefits of greening the urban area in Thailand are discussed.


Valle de Aburra is a valley located in the Andes mountain range, and it is characterized for being a geographically narrow valley with thermal inversion problems. The environmental authority (Area Metropolitana del Valle de Aburra), has established an Air Quality Monitoring network with stations in nine of the ten municipalities forming the valley. The network is operated by the


PURPOSE: A non-volatile memory device, a reading method thereof, and a data storage device including the same are provided to effectively perform a reading operation through a reading algorithm which effectively performs the reading operation of a flag cell. CONSTITUTION: A memory cell array(110) includes a multi-level memory cell and a flag memory cell. A data I/O circuit(130) reads data programmed in the multi-level memory cell and the flag memory cell and temporarily stores the read data. A control logic(150) controls the reading operation of the multi-level memory cell and the flag memory cell through the data I/O circuit. The control logic includes a flag data storage unit(160) and a row address storage unit(170).


This capstone project engages with Value-Added Modeling (henceforth VAM) through a mixed-methods approach. While other works on VAM tend to either follow primarily qualitative (i.e. case studies, proposals of alternative evaluation systems, analysis of political rhetoric) or quantitative (i.e. analysis of data, development of econometric methods) methodologies, I o er a mixed-methods analysis. In combining these methodologies, I endeavor to engage with VAM in a more holistic and comprehensive manner than previous literature on the subject. Speci cally, I provide an analysis of the fundamental bene ts and drawbacks of VAM from both qualitative and quantitative perspectives, analyze real-world case studies, and an evaluate recommendations for potential alternatives. Through this wide-ranging analysis, I ground these proposals in the research literature from a variety of inter-disciplinary elds and perspectives. Furthermore, I argue that teachers can have a substantial impact on their students, and improving evaluative systems can better equip teachers to serve their students' needs.


Wind field observations by means of spaceborne scatterometers are of tremendous interest for oceanographic and meteorological applications. In order to best accomplish such a task the relationship between the radar cross section and the wind field, i.e. the geophysical model function, must be properly calibrated. Within such a framework a radar cross section data grouping is usually accomplished and it is referred to as binning. The authors revisit the radar cross section data binning step as a stochastic estimation procedure.


The toughest part of returning to general practice after a 4-year break is witnessing the crisis of trust in medicine that I helped precipitate. In 1992, I exposed the high mortality rates for complex child heart surgery in Bristol. Alas, it was in a satirical magazine under a pseudonym, but a belated public enquiry found that the columns reached the top table, yet no-one was prepared to investigate and protect patients from unnecessary harm. When I was called to give evidence, I said that all surgical teams should have their work independently audited, risk-stratified, and published because 'doctors can no longer be trusted to regulate themselves in secret'.

I'm not sure why I'd become so pious. Certainly half a day in the witness stand had ruffled my feathers, particularly when I was threatened with a custodial sentence for not revealing all my sources. But the seeds of my doctor-baiting were sown much earlier, when I was at medical school. The hierarchy, arrogance, and ritualistic abuse of teaching hospitals were more than the Australian half of me could bear. So I laughed it off and left with a one-line reference: 'Refuses to take medicine seriously; does not deserve a St Thomas' housejob'.

I decamped to the West Country and fluked my way onto the Bath vocational training scheme, in the days when people wanted to be GPs. In 1990, fluffy medicine was at the fore. Course organisers took new recruits for walks on Weston beach with paper bags on their heads. We'd role-play kings and queens and throw cushions at each other. I bought my first pair of hiking boots and wore tortoiseshell spectacles and a cuddly lambswool sweater. I even cut a hole under one arm so I could lean back and let patients know 'hey, I'm not a God, …


SUMMARY

Phytophthora species were isolated from infested orchard soils using apple fruit as bait at intervals during the periods July 1956 to August 1957, January 1957 to June 1958, and January 1969 to June 1970. When baited soils were kept out of doors P. cactorum and P. citricola were isolated only from April or May to October, when mean temperatures exceeded 8 and 10 °C respectively; P. syringae was isolated in all months except June, July and August.

The results did not suggest that the incidence of these species was particularly associated with apple as a host plant, but the periods of activity of P. cactorum and P. syringae in soils coincided closely with the periods when apple trees were susceptible to infection by either pathogen. With collar rot disease caused by P. cactorum it was considered that, the time of commencement of activity of the pathogen in the soil, together with the availability of water, might be critical in determining the severity of disease outbreaks.


Objective: To define the in vitro effects of interferon beta 1a (IFN-β1a) on myelin basic protein (MBP)-reactive T cells and to determine its regulatory mechanism on cytokine networks in patients with MS. Methods: The proliferation and cytokine production of MBP-reactive T-cell clones were measured in thymidine uptake assays and ELISA respectively. The precursor frequency of MBP-reactive T cells was estimated in a microwell culture system. Results: IFN-β inhibited the proliferation of established MBP-reactive T-cell clones, which correlated with enhanced production of anti-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10, and a decrease in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and IFN-γ. When examined with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), IFN-β was found to reduce the in vitro T-cell responses to MBP, as indicated by the significantly decreased frequency of MBP-reactive T cells. The decreased frequency of MBP-reactive T cells corresponded to an augmented production of IL-4 and IL-10. Although the level of TNF-α and IFN-γ was generally unaltered or decreased, IFN-β appeared to enhance the production of IFN-γ in PBMCs derived from some individuals with MS. Conclusion: Interferon beta 1a (IFN-β) suppresses myelin basic protein (MBP)-reactive T cells and induces immune deviation toward the production of T-helper 2 cytokines, which may contribute to its therapeutic benefit in MS. The study also suggests some heterogeneity in MBP-reactive T-cell responses to IFN-β in different individuals with MS.


Pollinators are declining globally, with climate change implicated as an important driver. Climate change can induce phenological shifts and reduce floral resources for pollinators, but little is known about its effects on floral attractiveness and how this might cascade to affect pollinators, pollination functions and plant fitness. We used an in situ long‐term drought experiment to investigate multiple impacts of reduced precipitation in a natural Mediterranean shrubland, a habitat where climate change is predicted to increase the frequency and intensity of droughts. Focusing on three insect‐pollinated plant species that provide abundant rewards and support a diversity of pollinators (Cistus albidus, Salvia rosmarinus and Thymus vulgaris), we investigated the effects of drought on a suite of floral traits including nectar production and floral scent. We also measured the impact of reduced rainfall on pollinator visits, fruit set and germination in S. rosmarinus and C. albidus. Drought altered floral emissions of all three plant species qualitatively, and reduced nectar production in T. vulgaris only. Apis mellifera and Bombus gr. terrestris visited more flowers in control plots than drought plots, while small wild bees visited more flowers in drought plots than control plots. Pollinator species richness did not differ significantly between treatments. Fruit set and seed set in S. rosmarinus and C. albidus did not differ significantly between control and drought plots, but seeds from drought plots had slower germination for S. rosmarinus and marginally lower germination success in C. albidus. Synthesis. Overall, we found limited but consistent impacts of a moderate experimental drought on floral phenotype, plant reproduction and pollinator visits. Increased aridity under climate change is predicted to be stronger than the level assessed in the present study. Drought impacts will likely be stronger and this could profoundly affect the structure and functioning of plant–pollinator networks in Mediterranean ecosystems.


The title compounds, dimethyl 2-methoxy-6-(2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-xylopyranosyl)amino-3,4-pyridinedi carboxylate, C 21 H 26 N 2 O 16 , (III), and dimethyl 2-methylthio-6-(2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-xylopyranosyl)amino-3,4-pyridinedicarboxylate, C 21 H 26 N 2 O 11 S, (IV), are isomorphous. Molecules are linked by N-H...O hydrogen bonds [N...O 2.891(4)A for (III) and 2.913 (5)A for (IV)], which generate chains in the a direction.


Ultrasonic velocity (U), and viscosity (η) have been measured for Poly(metha acrylic acid) and poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) in DMSO have been measured over a widw range of compositions and concentrations at 308.15K.The experimental Ultrasonic velocity values are used to calculate the adiabatic compressibility (β), molar compressibility ( ϕ )Relaxation strength were calculated. The results of the parameters have been discussed in terms of compatibility of the polymer blend at different concentrations.,


Objective:To observe effects of honghua injection on somatosensory evoke potentialis after spinal cord ischemia and reperfusion injury.Method:New Zealand white rabbits(n=12)were randomly divided into group A(treated with honghua injection)and group B(treated with saline),with 6 animals in each group.Spinal cord ischemia and reperfusion injury model was made with Zivin method.Animals were treated with 2.0ml/kg honghua injection 10 min before clamping the aorta in group A,whereas animals were treated with similar volume of saline as control in group B.Somatosensory evoke potentialis(SEP)were monitored before and 30min after ischemia,30min,1h,2h,3h and 4h after reperfusion.Neurological function was scored in 1h,2h and 4h after reperfusion.Result:The electric potential disappeared in group B in(25.3±2.5)min after ischemia,however it existed in group A.SEP amplitudes of group A were significantly larger than those in group B at corresponding time(P0.01),and SEP latencies of group A were significantly shorter than those in group B at corresponding time(P0.01).The average neurological function score in group A was significantly higher than that in group B in 1h,2h and 4h after reperfusion(P0.05).Conclusion:Honghua injection may relieve spinal cord injury and preserve neurological function in transient spinal cord ischemia in rabbits.


Introduction: The aetiology of central sleep apnea (CSA) remains incompletely understood. While proposed mechanisms exist for those with secondary causes, a complete understanding of primary CSA remains lacking. Here we describe the characteristics of patients in our centre with primary and secondary CSA, and the possible role of arousal threshold. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted across patients undergoing full overnight diagnostic polysomnography (PSG) at Concord Repatriation General Hospital (CRGH) in Sydney, Australia from October 2013 to July 2018 with predominant CSA based on AASM criteria. Patients were classified as having either primary or secondary CSA after review of medical records to identify any known contributing co-morbidities or medication/substance use. Patient demographics, PSG characteristics and arousal threshold (Edwards, B.A. et al. AJRCCM 2014; 190(11):1293-300) were recorded. Results: 33 patients meeting criteria for predominant CSA were identified, 32 (97.0%) of which were male. 14 patients (42.4%) had primary CSA and 19 (57.6%) secondary CSA. Comparison between groups showed patients with primary CSA were more likely to be younger (54.6 years vs 74.1 years, p Conclusion: Patients with primary CSA were more likely to be significantly younger in age and have a lower arousal threshold, possibly contributing to instability of ventilatory control and propagation of central events.


Computational methods are derived which permit the construction of confidence regions and intervals for location and scale parameters in a specified family of continuous distributions. The methods, which follow the procedures proposed by Barr and Davidson [1] and Easterling [2], are based on the Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness of fit statistic, and are readily adapted to type II censored samples.


The emergency department (ED) is a common point of care for many pediatric hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) patients; however, ED care may not align with recommended treatment standards. The objective of this study is to describe the care pediatric HS patients receive in the ED compared to both HS management guidelines and the management of pediatric skin and soft tissue abscess (SSTA) patients.


Background. Multiparous patients have a higher risk of hyperstimulation and uterine rupture than nulliparous patients. The minimum possible dose of uterotonic drug should be used in induction of labor for multiparous patients to avoid excessive uterine activity, which could increase both maternal and fetal risks.


Based on the analysis of online handwritten Tibetan character recognition, study and develop an online handwritten Tibetan input system in Android. Firstly, the flow's design of input method was completed by analysis Android system architecture, combines with the need of input method in Android system's application program layer, application program framework layer, and the runtime library layer. Secondly, handwriting input interface, handwritten information acquisition and preprocessing scheme, features identification scheme, candidate views, the keyboard input interface, interface's logic switching scheme combined with the input method framework requirements etc. was designed. Finally, some technology realization was completed include handwriting input interface, handwriting information acquisition and preprocessing, feature recognition database loading, feature recognition API, cross-platform code rewriting and transplantation for feature extraction and pattern recognition algorithm, NDK compiled for STL compatibility configuration, the candidate views, keyboard input and so on. After the system design, detailed design and code design, etc, implements an online handwritten Tibetan input method, which can run smoothly on Android. The system software has finished functional test and performance test, the input system supports handwritten recognition for 562 Tibetan characters, and can inputs punctuation, symbols and digital sign of Tibetan through different keyboard. The input method has reached the ability of practical application.


Much debate has surrounded the genetic diversity of shrimp.Garvca and Acivar have analyzed the genetic variation of Litopenaeus vannamai of different populations and filtrated differential markers successfully;Song Linsheng has investigated the genetic structure of the natural population and hatchery stock of Penaeus Japonica,and found that the mean proportion of polymorphic amplified fragments of natural population was higher than that of hatchery stock.The research about genetic diversity has also been made in other animal species such as Sinonovacula const ricta Lamarck、Paralichthys olivaceus、Eriocheir sinensis and Siniperca chuatsi Basilewsky.Macrobrachium rosenbergii,which is subjected to Macrobrachium ,Palaemonidae,Crustacea,is a very important kind of freshwater edible shrimps in China and the economic value is prominent.In recent years,it has suffered degeneration in its resource,and its wild and cultivated stocks and their genetic diversity has been threatened to some extent due to overfishing and inbreeding.So it is the time to investigate the variation of Macrobrachium rosenbergii of different populations.Based on 12 morphological proportional characters of Macrobrachium rosenbergii,three multivariation analysis methods(cluster analysis,prinpical component analysis and discriminant analysis) were adopted to comparably investigate the morphological variation among eight populations(1 cultivated,1 wild and 6 hybridized populations).The results of cluster analysis and principal component analysis indicated that the morphological characters were similar among the six hybridized populations.But quite different from that of cultivated and Burma introduced population.In the principal component analysis of the female populations,five principal components were constructed,the contributory ratio of the first principal component was 26.191%,the second,the third,the fourth and the fifth was 16.036%,13.309%,10.796%,and 10.166% respectively,the cumulative contributory ratio was 76.471%.Accordingly,for the male populations,five principal components were also constructed,their contributory ratios were 25.206%,20.277%,16.985%,13.222% and 8.945% respectively,the cumulative contributory ratio was 84.634%.The result of discriminant analysis revealed that there were significant differences among most of the eight populations(P0.01).The identification accuracy of female was 60.03%-100.00%(P1) and 33.30%-100%(P2),the total discriminant accuracy was 92.1%.The identification accuracy of male was 20.00%-100.00%(P1) and 20.00%-100.00%(P2),the total discriminant accuracy was 86.4%.The results showed that there were distinct diversities between the cultivated population and Burma introduced population,which have formed two independent populations;but other six hybridized populations(with the exception of the population of B-+) did not appear distinct diversities,which was because these populations were the integrative offspring of the two populations mentioned above.


Executive Summary/Abstract: Poor accounts payable data quality has a direct negative impact on an organization's cash flow. Even so, many organizations still experience data quality problems in their accounts payable process. We have seen a variety of approaches used to assess and address this problem. However, these approaches tend to be applied in a "one off" manner and not in an integrated and sustained manner. The integrated use of business process mapping, data quality control assessments, and data analysis can identify data quality problems in the accounts payable area and be used to drive corrective actions resulting in cash flow savings. When combined with data quality continuous monitoring and improvement techniques, cash flow savings are sustained.


Invertebrates collected in the Republic of Karelia in 2016 from nests of the pied flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca (Pallas, 1764) are analyzed and 516 specimens of invertebrates are identified. The vast majority of these invertebrates are Hymenoptera (ants of the genus Camponotus) – 46.6% and various beetles (Coleoptera) – 46.37%. An annotated list of 38 species of beetle from 22 families is presented. The beetle fauna of the studied European pied flycatcher nests is mixed and includes both nidicolous species and free-living species that are not directly related to nest microcenoses. The rare beetles species Melandrya dubia (Schaller, 1783) and Otho sphondyloides (Germar, 1818), were found.


The exciton properties of Si∕Si1−xGex quantum wells (QWs) are investigated within a variational approach, taking into account interface effects for two possibilities of the band alignment, type I and type II. For the latter, two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) variational wave functions are used in order to give a better description of the exciton confinement, where a large enhancement on the exciton binding energy (about 30% for a 70 A well width) is found for the 3D case. The effects due to the presence of external electromagnetic fields on exciton energies are also analyzed. Our theoretical results explain the exciton energy blueshifts recently found in photoluminescence experiments for type-I Si∕Si0.82Ge0.18 QWs when electric fields are applied in the growth direction. Exciton energy shifts due to magnetic fields are calculated, and a comparison between such shifts in the 2D and 3D approaches is performed for type-II wells. Numerical results show that interfacial layers of 15 A thickness f...


Janowski, Jorge E. Albina and Jonathan S. ReichnerLiz M. Lavigne, Xian M. O'Brien, Minsoo Kim, Jessie W.http://www.jimmunol.org/content/178/11/7276J Immunol€2007; 178:7276-7282; ;Referenceshttp://www.jimmunol.org/content/178/11/7276.full#ref-list-1This article cites 34 articles, 23 of which you can access for free at: Subscriptionshttp://jimmunol.org/subscriptionsInformation about subscribing to The Journal of Immunology is online at: Permissionshttp://www.aai.org/ji/copyright.htmlSubmit copyright permission requests at: Email Alertshttp://jimmunol.org/cgi/alerts/etocReceive free email-alerts when new articles cite this article. Sign up at:


Paperback. The field of production automation has been changing throughout the last decade. Starting with Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) via Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS) to most recent developments like Agile Manufacturing and Multi-Agent Systems. The IFAC Technical Committee on Advanced Manufacturing Technology introduced IMS in 1992 in a series of workshops. The first was held in Dearborn, USA in 1992 organized by Naim Kheir, and the second took place in Vienna, Austria in 1994.IMS'98 was held in Gramado-Brazil, organized by the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Department of Electrical Engineering and the 'Sociedade Brasileira de Automatica' (SBA - Brazilian Society of Automatic Control), the Brazilian IFAC NMO.IMS'98 attracted 84 participants from over 15 countries. This proceedings volume includes technical papers dealing with subjects like neural networks, holonic strategies, object orientation, s


Summarize the supervision and monitoring project in 2012 in Jiangsu Provincial Environmental Monitoring Center.Taihu and Tongyuhe regional compensation monitoring of ammonia nitrogen exceed the standard seriously;the South-to-North Water Diversion Project water quality monitoring results are not 100% standard;well-off society water quality monitoring compliance rate is 55.6% and 64.2%;the important waste companies of alignment monitoring in Suqian city were waste gas and waste water was the lowest in thirteen cities.


Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is normally expressed by a small number of predominantly trkA‐expressing dorsal root ganglion cells. Using immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization, we have examined the effect of sciatic nerve section on the expression of BDNF in the adult rat. Following axotomy there was a long lasting (4‐week) increase in BDNF mRNA and protein in large‐diameter, trkB‐ and trkC‐expressing dorsal root ganglion cells. By 2 days postaxotomy, expression of BDNF mRNA had increased from 2% of trkB cells to 50%, and from 18% of trkC cells to 56%. In contrast, BDNF expression in most trkA cells was unchanged, although was increased in the small population of medium‐ and large‐sized trkA cells. Following axotomy, BDNF‐immunoreactive terminals appeared in the central axonal projections of large‐diameter cells, including the deep dorsal horn and gracile nucleus. Neuropeptide Y was also upregulated following axotomy and was coexpressed with BDNF in the cell bodies and central terminals of the large cells. Ultrastructural analysis in lamina IV of the spinal cord revealed that BDNF terminals in these central projections establish synaptic contacts. Immunoreactivity at 4 weeks was also observed in pericellular baskets that contained calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) and surrounded trkA‐ and trkB‐expressing cells in L4 and L5 lumbar ganglia. These baskets are likely to arise from local, highly immunoreactive, BDNF/CGRP/trkA‐expressing cells. Our results identify several novel targets for BDNF and imply that it acts locally in both autocrine and paracrine modes, as well as centrally in a synaptic mode, to modulate the response of somatosensory pathways in nerve injury.


Paramagnetic species are produced in solutions of the pyrene-azacrown ether exciplex system during light excitation in the presence of diamagnetic metallic ions Li + and Ca 2+ .


This paper analyzes the application of public key technology such as elliptic curve in Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN).It introduces the structure of WSN operating system named TinyOS,the development flow of NesC program and the TinyOS based Elliptic Curve Cryptography(ECC) cryptolib named TinyECC.It uses TinyECC to design and implement a light node authentication protocol based on ECC.Analysis results validate that this protocol is feasible in WSN.


In hybrid-production singulating of substrates is still a problem as-due to high density - damaged components and wires increase the amount of rejected parts. A technology has recently been found to singulate substrates into individual panels - and it is able to finish and pack each individual panel without manual touch. For both possibilities in processing system solutions are available which are adapted to all specific processes of the circuit such as soldering, gluing, inspecting, and to production requirements.


ABSTRACT The use of phytoseiid mites in biological control programmes often requires monitoring at the species level, but typically only adults can be identified using classical taxonomy. In contrast, molecular markers can be applied to identify the species of an arthropod throughout its life history. Individuals of Iphiseius degenerans (Berlese) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) identified according to adult morphological features were reared on almond pollen and kept at 25°C, 65% and HR, 16:8. High quality and quantity of DNA was successfully extracted from all life stages (egg, larva, protonymph, deutonymph, adult male and female) using Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) buffer. Sequencing analysis was performed on the 12S rDNA mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) gene. The authenticity of the new sequences from all life stages was verified as I. degenerans in GenBank (NCBI) confirming that both the DNA extraction method and 12SrDNA gene provide an effective tool for identification of phytoseiid life stages in biological control programmes.


Preface List of contributors Setting the scene The consultation The diagnostic process Patient management The doctor-patient relationship Doctor-patient communication Anticipatory care A systematic approach in the consultation to lifestyle modification: helping patients to stop smoking Ethics in practice Clinical problem-solving and patient management: some practical challenges Assessing and enhancing consultation performance Appendix: The detailed contribution of general practice to undergraduate medical education and to the attributes of the independent practitioner.


A fast algorithm to compute the minimum spanning tree of a given undirected graph on a hierarchical mesh-connected computer (HMESH) is presented. The time complexity of the algorithm is O(log/sup 2/ n), where n is the number of nodes in the graph. HMESH is a broadcast bus VLSI architecture which consists of n*n processing elements (PEs) in a mesh-connected structure and a hierarchy of broadcast buses in each row and column of the mesh structure such that each broadcast bus is connected to exactly k PE's, where k is a small constant. It is shown that with simple modifications to the algorithm, the MST of an n node graph can be found on a HMESH of size p*p in O(n/p)/sup 2/ log n log p) time. It is also shown how to compute connected components and transitive closure of a given undirected graph in O(log/sup 2/ n) with a few modifications to the algorithm presented for computing the minimum spanning tree.<<ETX>>


The utilization of renewable energy is required immediately since emissions of carbon dioxide are being restricted. To this end, we are investigating the ocean wave energy converter, especially the floating OWC "Backward Bent Duct Buoy" (BBDB). The BBDB, proposed by Masuda in 1986, is a wave energy converter of the 'moored floating oscillating water column' type that is composed of an air chamber, an L-shaped bent duct, a buoyancy chamber, and a turbine. The BBDB has certain positive characteristics. Firstly, the primary conversion performance of the BBDB is better than other floating OWCs. Secondly, the length of the BBDB is shorter than other floating OWCs. Thirdly, as the BBDB advances in the incident wave direction with slow speed waves because of the negative wave drift force, the mooring cost can be reduced. In this research, experiments under a various wave periods were carried out to clarify the characteristics and cause of the generation of negative drift force acting on a BBDB in regular waves with a two-dimensional wave tank at Saga University. The length of the BBDB model is 85cm. To measure the wave drift force, the model is moored with horizontal wire-springs. The motions of the BBDB, such as surge, heave, and pitch, are measured by remotely using image processing. The fluid velocity around the BBDB is measured by using particle image velocimetry (PIV). Motion tests of the BBDB without mooring are also carried out to measure the horizontal velocity of the BBDB in waves. From the experimental results, the characteristics and causes of the generation of negative drift force acting on the BBDB in regular waves are discussed.Copyright © 2008 by ASME


This index presents a list of Pseudepigrapha citations index that occur in this book titled The Jubilee from Leviticus to Qumran . The heart of Lefebvre's work is a minute philological-exegetical study of the text of Lev 25:1-55, which he divides into two parts: Lev 25:1-22, concerning the sabbatical year and jubilee, and Lev 25:23-55, concerning juridical situations arising from the jubilee legislation. Some of the most interesting work on the re-use of the jubilee in the rest of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament - namely, the major/latter prophets - has been provided by Walther Zimmerli.Keywords: Hebrew Bible; jubilee legislation; Walther Zimmerli


We show that controlled-controlled-NOT(CCN)operation-based entanglement purification protocol can be further improved.CCN protocol requires Bell state measurements after performing the CCN operations.In the original CCN protocol,the measured states are assumed to be destroyed.However,if controlled-NOT gates are used to perform such Bell state measurements,in some unsuccessful situations of the CCN protocol,one can further purify the two mixed entangled states which are to be measured.In this way,the total efficiency of the CCN protocol is further increased.


The OCaml language comes with a facility for interfacing with C code -- the Foreign Function Interface or FFI. The primitives for working with the OCaml runtime -- and, in particular, with the garbage collector (GC) -- strive for a minimal overhead: they avoid unnecessary work and allow for calls to C code to be very cheap. But they are also hard to use properly. Satisfying the GC invariants leads to counter-intuitive C code and there are hardly any safety checks to warn the developer. In this work, we explore two complementary approaches to mitigate these issues. First, simply adding an indirection to the API manipulating OCaml values let us write safer code amenable to optional runtime tests that assert proper use of the API. Second, a notion of region for tracking lifetimes of OCaml values on C side let us trade some performance for simpler code.


Wangzhuang coal mine 7105 wind lane during excavating a gap of 6.0 m caught fault,because accept fault fracture zone,the effects of the surrounding rock broken loose range,crack development.If use range of anchor nets cable with original way of combination support,not only supporting cost is high,but to a great tectonic stress under the action of roadway it was difficult to ensure that the long-term stability,easy to cause the edge extraction,side maintenance the passive state,even for the mine production safety cause serious threat.So must seek new support system in order to solve the problems.Anchor support for joints,is the crack development,fault fracture zone,etc,broken loose,use bolt grouting technology,the rock mass structure change,improve the surrounding rock mechanics parameters and integrity,can solve tunneling process of broken roof,practice proves the obvious effect.


Pyrimidine plays a significant role among other heterocycles. From the literature survey, in recent years the design of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones nucleus have been attracted for considerable interest because of their therapeutic and pharmacological properties. Pyrimidine nucleus was synthesized by Biginelli reaction. This product was subjected for alkaline ester hydrolysis and these derivatives on treatment with thionyl chloride and substitution by different secondary amines produced final desired compounds. The remaining compounds have been synthesized by above method. The purity of the compounds has been checked by TLC monitoring and the conformation of structure was confirmed by different spectra like UV, IR, NMR, Mass etc. The in-vitro antihypertensive and calcium channel blocking activity have been done by IC50 measurement method with nifedipine as standard.


The recent observation of the 21-cm global absorption signal by EDGES suggests that the intergalactic medium (IGM) gas has been cooler than the cosmic microwave background during 15 ≲ z ≲ 20. This result can provide a strong constraint on heating sources for the IGM gas at these redshifts. In this paper we study the constraint on the primordial magnetic fields (PMFs) by the EDGES result. The PMFs can heat the IGM gas through their energy dissipation due to the magnetohydrodynamic effects. By numerically solving the thermal evolution of the IGM gas with the PMFs, we find that the EDGES result gives a stringent limit on the PMFs as B1 Mpc ≲ 10−10 G.


A detailed electrochemical study on a series of Eu(III) complexes with multidentate acyclic poly(aminocarboxylate) ligands is reported. For all Eu(III) complexes, a 1e chemically reversible and electrochemically irreversible or quasi-reversible process has been obtained. The electrode kinetics of the 1e reduction of Eu(III) aqua-ion is dependent on the supporting electrolyte as well as on the electrode surface. Pt and glassy carbon electrodes give quasi-reversible responses, whereas mercury shows the better-shaped curves, especially by using sodium p-toluenesulfonate as the supporting electrolyte. Chronoamperometric measurements have been carried out in the temperature range 1–35 °C and the diffusion coefficients of a few Eu(III)/Eu(II) complexes evaluated. The 1/T11H nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion (NMRD) curves have been measured at 25 °C in aqueous solution for selected Eu(II) complexes, analysed in terms of the standard theory of paramagnetic relaxation and compared with existing data for the isoelectronic Gd(III) derivatives.


The nanosized powders formed on the steel surface contacting with zinc and nickel inorganic water salt solutions have been studied using an X-ray diffraction method, thermal analytical measurements (TG/DTG, DTA,) scanning electron microscopy, and magnetometry. It was shown that the formation of a single mineral phase of a non-stoichiometric spinel ferrite when zinc and nickel nitrate solutions were used as the dispersion medium, but in the presence of chloride-containing salts three mineral phases (spinel ferrite, lepidocrocite, and goethite) were determined in the phase composition of the surface powders. When sulfate solutions were chosen as the dispersion medium the mixed hydroxysulfate layered double hydroxides (LDHs) simultaneously appeared among other components of the powders. Due to cation exchange between Fe 2+ and Zn 2+ or Ni 2+ the mixed LDH structures achieved stability against further oxidation and thermal transformation. Hence, the presence of mixed LDHs in the phase composition of the powders significantly complicates the obtaining of homogenous superparamagnetic 3 d -metal doped spinel ferrite and iron oxide powders.


Pole vault teaching is the highest requirement for overall quality in school track and field teaching.It also has the most valuable exercise of teaching content.Combining with many years teaching experience,from the angle of psychology,this paper discusses the mental phenomena and training in teaching.


Aim of the paper is to investigate the hydromagnetic unsteady flow of a viscous incompressible electrically conducting fluid in a channel with slip at the permeable non-conducting boundaries. The expressions for velocity and temperature distributions are obtained using regular perturbation technique, discussed numerically and shown through graphs. The expressions of skin-friction and Nusselt number at the boundaries are derived, discussed numerically and their numerical values for various values of physical parameters are shown through graphs.


Background: Aging is a universal process. Individual ageing is influenced primarily by a person's genetic makeup, lifestyle and environmental factors. Among the various environmental factors that modulate ageing, nutrition plays a significant role. Objectives of the study was to assess the nutritional status of the elderly residing in a rural community and incidence of morbidity among them and to identify risk factors for the occurrence of morbidity among the elderly and suggest possible strategies for intervention.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on elderly people residing in Pedautapalli village.Results: Comparison between energy, protein and fat intakes and socioeconomic status is found to be significant. The most common complaint was that of musculo-skeletal pain (29.9%) followed by visual problems (25.2%) and joint pains (17.2%). 20 (47.6%) males and 28 (62.2%) females were deficient in energy, 22 (52.3%) males and 33 (73.3%) females were deficient in protein, p=0.043, and 7 (16.6%) males and 10 (22.2%) were deficient in fat. Counting all the episodes of morbid conditions, the incidence of morbidity was 262.9 episodes per 100 person years. In the undernourished group (BMI<18.5, n=22) it was 213.6 episodes per 100 person years and in the others (normal and overweight, BMI≥25, n=40) the incidence rate was 240 episodes per 100 person years. The relative risk was 0.89.Conclusions: It was concluded that there was no association between nutritional status and the incidence of morbidity in the study population.


The developing trends of high nitrogen steel is described briefly,which indicates that nitrogen substituing carbon is the effective way to improve the properties of steel.The mechnical property and microstructure of steel are influenced by the amount of nitrogen. Nitrogen influences the boundary strengthening,solid solution strengthing and grain size hardening significantly,which changed with the temperature.The chromium nitrides have many different forms.In addition,discontinuous decomposition reactions γ s→Cr(M) 2N+γ will happen in nitrogen supersaturated austenite stainless steel .


firstname.lastname@example.com Glucocorticoids (GCs) have been used successfully for over 60 years in hematologic and non-hematologic disorders. They were first used in the treatment of a patient with adrenal insufficiency so were administered every 6 to 8 hours to substitute for its deficiency. From this start, GCs were given in divided dose without considering that with the exception of surrenal insufficiency, substitution was not necessary. Actually, the pharmacologic effects of GCs do not require substitution therapy. Different from conventional GC (2 mg/kg in divided doses), in pulse methylprednisolone (MP), 1000 mg MP is infused within 4 hours intravenously (iv). Bacigalupo and colleagues successfully used for the first time 30 mg/kg MP, as pulse MP in 4 hours infusion (iv), for the treatment of acquired aplastic anemia cases (1).


The organizational problem is to create the effective collaboration processes in a organization. Weblog which constitutes a social software to facilitate knowledge sharing effectively. Meanwhile, blog in the intranet design, The objective to make communication easier to all employee or staff . The objective is to share knowledge or experience in order to solve the problem in a blog. Nevertheless, The member of online community will not face a constraint with hierarchy's organization limitation.The other benefit is management can directly give feedback on staff comment in blog.


The grade difference format of the gray model is illuminated incorporating the investigated objectwithsinglefactorof poor information. Based on a precision grade difference format, whose background function is inhomogeneous exponential, a new gray Logistic model is set up according to criteriaofabsoluteandrelative errors under ideal situation. The model is easier to solve. Data with ideal errors almost distribute homogeneously on both sides of the model curve. The actual examples show that the fitting and forecasting effects of the models are rather satisfactory.


This essay explores aspects of John Stuart Mill's approach to social and political science in the Considerations on Representative Government (1861) with an emphasis on the significance of character or 'ethology' in this science. The starting point is a discussion of psychology and ethology in Book VI of the Logic (1843). This conception is examined in terms of Mill's framework of inductive and deductive science and the distinction between art and science where the views of Mill and Jeremy Bentham are contrasted. Given Mill's view of the relationship between art and science, the science of ethology (including political ethology) assumes a more prominent position in Mill's thought than any political art or any distinctly political science. Contrary to many commentators, it is argued that Mill never abandoned his commitment to ethology, as is clear from the discussion of 'the ideally best form of government' in the Considerations. Mill's conception of 'active character' here underpins and directs what might otherwise be seen as a traditional account of forms of government. The cultivation of active character becomes an essential condition for the success of representative government. The essay concludes with remarks on Mill's emphasis on society for his account of liberty in On Liberty (1859) and suggests that he considered new ways of understanding the traditional processes of government.


During the drilling and completion,the leakage of drilling fluid is frequently encountered,it can cause complex downhole accidents.124 block of Sudan,the time in dealing with circulation loss is about annual average 4514 hours;an average annual loss is about 8.77 million dollars.According to the complex characteristics of leakage zone in 124 block,a set of effective cementing antileak and plugging technology was summed up.Based on the traditional pre-plugging,balanced pressure method,and in combination with advanced lost circulation material,the fiber antileak cement slurry system with strong plugging effect and the gel plugging technology were studied.The field application results showed that the effect of antileak and plugging was obvious during cement plug,surface cementing,cementing in oil layer.Through using a series of effective measures,the success rate of plugging was improved,the plugging construction period was shortened.


Significance: The redox-neutral reaction of amines with nonactivated olefins is thermodynamically disfavored and is therefore often combined with a secondary reaction to provide a more favorable driving force (see Review below). The authors used an aminium radical cation, generated by a one-electron oxidation of an amine by an excitedstate photoredox catalyst, to add in an antiMarkovnikov manner to an olefin, demonstrating that the favorable energetics of the photon absorption can bring about an endergonic bond construction. The new reaction potentially compliments the classical reductive amination procedure.


Data processing and telecommunication facilities are commonly protected against fire with a gaseous clean agent system, an automatic sprinkler system, or with both a clean agent system and an automatic sprinkler system. The degree of protection provided by these systems is different, as is the cost incurred in employing these systems. The test comparison reported here was performed in order to illustrate the differences in the protection provided by automatic sprinkler systems and the gaseous clean agent FE-25TM (HFC-125). In addition, the production of combustion products was monitored in order to assess the relative environmental and health impacts associated with the suppression of a typical fire with gaseous clean agent and sprinkler systems. Tests were conducted in a simulated telecommunications/data processing facility and examined the performance of the suppression systems on a fire involving plastic materials located inside a metal electronic equipment cabinet.


Despite its frequent use by sociologists there has been relatively little discussion of the practical difficulties involved in operationalizing the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys (OPCS) system of social class allocation. Using social class coding data from a national study of child development this paper examines one problem which occurs when using the OPCS scheme - illegal combinations of employment status and occupational codes. Attention is only focused on occupations falling into Social Class I and for these professional occupations it is shown that illegal combinations are the result of the OPCS conceptualization of the professions.


The policystycal kidney disease that's a disease congenital autossomal dominant , no connected with the sex , what affect equally manly and females, especially the from race Persian and intersections with animals of that race. The polycystical kidney disease is broadcast the all issue from the individuals affected due at your character hereditary dominant. Yours signals clinical is linked together at the classic signals of Insufficiency Renal Account, such as: nefromegaly, poliury, anorexic, hematury and anemia , because in as much as the animals affected they tend developing this pathology among others secondary systemic problems . The means diagnostic, to ide ntify this pathology as varied, being used principally the of image, permitting a precociou diagnostic. Your treatment consists in master the symptoms caused by kidney insufficiencies Account and furnish, comfort and quality of life for the animals bearers, because it doesn't have cur. Know the etiology, signals clinical, mediums diagnostic and the treatment is essential tools about to the screening of that disease and also to the future from race Persian and yours intersections obtained across her. The main objective this study was realize a bibliographic review about polycystical kidney disease linking a traditional forms of the diagnostic, treatment and control with new studies recently published about affected felines populations.


The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizas on fructan accumulation was studied in barley (Hordeum vulgare) infected with Glomus mosseae. Treatments with and without fertilizer were included in order to distinguish between mere fertilizer effects and the effects of the symbiosis, and plants were harvested at two different time points, 35 and 50 d after planting. Fructan was the major storage carboyhdrate in both leaves and roots. The amounts of fructan were markedly altered in the mycorrhizal plants. In roots of non-fertilized mycorrhizal plants, fructan pools were significantly greater than in the corresponding non-mycorrhizal plants. By contrast, fertilization caused a general decrease in amounts of fructan in roots. The increase of fructan in mycorrhizal roots was correlated with a decrease of invertase activity. In leaves, fructan pools decreased or remained unchanged upon mycorrhizal infection; fertilization had a similar effect. However, when individual leaves of a plant were compared, intriguing effects of the mycorrhizal symbiosis could be observed. Whereas in non-mycorrhizal plants, the youngest leaves had the highest fructan contents and the oldest leaves the lowest (as previously reported), this gradient was markedly altered in mycorrhizal plants, indicating systemic effects of mycorrhiza on assimilate partitioning in shoots.


Functional restoration of paralysed limbs must be focused in both motor and sensory rehabilitation. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) has been used in upper and lower limb rehabilitation. Quantitative evaluation of the artificial generated movement is necessary to achieve proper muscle activation. For this purpose custom made gloves instrumented with force and position transducers and instrumented insoles were used. This system has also been used to provide sensory feedback (artificial proprioception) for spinal cord injured subjects.


Soon after the double-helical structure was proposed for DNA (Watson and Crick, 1953a), the replication of the circular DNA molecule of a prokaryote raised an intriguing question: How did the two sister double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) molecules disentangle (Watson and Crick, 1953b)? This mechanical problem of separating two intertwined chains became a topological one. In such a
molecule, the two single stranded rings are topologically linked, and therefore cannot come apart without at least one transient break in one of the two strands. The order or extent of topological linkage of the two strands is expressed by their linking number (Lk). Lk is defined as the number of times the two single strands revolve around each other. A right handed double helix with n base pairs will make one full turn every 10.5 base pairs under physiological conditions in its
most stable structure. Therefore, its linking number (Lk0) is expected to be n / 10.5; the superscript specifying the most stable state of the molecule


In distributed systems uneven arrival of the tasks may overload few hosts keeping the rest of the hosts lightly loaded or even idle. This results in overall poor system performance in spite of the system capabilities. To utilize the capabilities of distributed systems load balancing can be used. Load balancing always comes with a lot of overheads. We propose an algorithm based on differential load measurement (DLM) for the load balancing. This algorithm helps us in selecting proper hosts for load balancing which can lead us to performance improvement of the system.


An SNP upstream of the CGG repeats located at a replication initiation site may contribute to origin inactivation, to altered replication fork progression through the CGG repeats, and repeat expansion to fragile X full mutation.


To summarize the surgical results of secondary tunnel‐like subaortic stenosis (STSS) after congenital heart disease (CHD) operations, the pathogenesis of STSS is analyzed and its operative effect and prognosis are evaluated.


Objective To evaluate the value of serum procalcitonin analysis in the differentiation of the cause of fever patients.Methods 200 cases of hospitalized patients with fever received gold assay for measuring serum PCT levels amd the results were divided into 4 grades.0.5 ng/ml was regarded as the positive threshold value and 10 ng/ml considered severe infection.Results The positive rate of serum procalcitonin in the patients with non-bacterial infection and bacteria infection were 10%,58.6%,respectively.Mainly concentrated in the concentration were 0.5 ng/ml and 0.5~2,2.0~10.0 ng/ml respectively for the two groups of non-bacterial infection and bacteria infection(P0.01).Conclusion Patients with non-bacterial infection have nomal or slightly elevated serum PCT levels,whereas patients with bacteria infection have significantly elevated,particularly in patients with severe infection.


R. P. Dore in his book City Life in Japan suggests that the types of moral dilemmas faced by Japanese have changed as the bonds of the traditional family become weakened because of societal change through a process of individuation. This is a process in which one sets oneself apart from some larger wegroup, such as the family, in order to progressively select personal goals rather than collective ones (1958: 381). Traditionally, conflict of personal loyalties such as that between one's lord and one's family constituted the type of moral dilemma explicitly recognized and expressed in moral instruction. However, according to Dore, the type of moral dilemma faced by Japanese today is likely to involve "conflicts between, on the one hand, particularistic loyalties, and on the other, either individual aspirations ... or generalized principles of conduct which are held to be applicable to all situations" (1958: 381). I shall focus on one current type of moral dilemma, namely, that pertaining to conflict between loyalty to one's family and to one's individual aspirations. In the first part of this paper I shall describe by means of a number of examples how this type of dilemma is manifested in particular conflict situations which involve youths. In the second part I shall show how the dilemma and the conflict are resolved through religious belief and ritual which involve the ancestors. My thesis is that for some youths who are caught in this dilemma in which individual aspirations are pitted against family obligations, resolution of the dilemma is possible by equating one's aspirations with one's family obligations. This can be achieved through ritual action without a sense of personal loss, even when individual and family goals


AIM To assess the output of hospitals. METHODS By using AID algorithm, inpatients was classified. RESULTS Records of Chinese inpatients constructed a case mix classification scheme of 132 groups. CONCLUSION Case mix is a good method to evaluate hospital output and special classifying software (CATSTAT) simplifies the process of case mix index (CMI).


In steelmaking and continuous casting production process,the traditional centralized dynamic scheduling method cannot respond in time with the expansion of scheduling scale. An Immune Multi-Agent Dynamic Scheduling System( IMADSS) is created to solve this problem. Based on the similarities between IMADSS and Human Immune System( HIS),the structure and negotiation strategies of IMADSS are designed by simulating HIS. The test results of the simulation experiments show that the IMADSS is fast and effective for solving steelmaking and continuous casting dynamic scheduling problem.


In order to improve library service and enhance users' satisfaction, user compatibility is introduced in this paper. By analyzing reasons for the generating of user compatibility, and influence factors of user compatibility in library service interaction, user compatibility management can rationally solve the conflict among users. Theoretical analysis shows that it is necessary for the library to implement user compatibility management. This paper proposes that the library can act as ten roles in user compatibility management, and then presents user compatibility management measures which libraries should take. User compatibility management can effectively solve the problem that user satisfaction or dissatisfaction is influenced by other users. User compatibility management can enhance users' satisfaction and loyalty with the library.


Recent research linking poverty alleviation and forest conservation has frequently focused on the potential contribution of the commercialization of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs), and has consequently emphasized incomes from NTFPs rather than their consumption. This paper aims to understand the role played by the consumption of wild food plants in the livelihood of rural populations. Two methods of evaluation are used to estimate the value of the wild food plants consumed by Pwo Karen people living in the Thung Yai Naresuan Wildlife Sanctuary in western Thailand. The first calculates the time needed to gather the wild food plants (14.63 days/year per household), and the second uses the prices of commercial substitutes in the market to estimate the number of days household members would have to engage in paid work if they switched to commercial food crops (143 days/year). The paper concludes that consuming wild food plants is an efficient method of subsistence that should be encouraged. If it is not encouraged, economic growth could lead people to squander additional cash incomes on higherstatus commercial food crops rather than spend it on productive investment.


We must now come to a uniform consensus regarding the descriptions of these risk groups in order to truly determine which treatments have the best oncologic efficacy, while minimizing overtreatment and optimizing patients' quality of life.


In the article we describe the usage of a mobile device «Aquasensor» based on the irregular microstrip resonator for measurement of soil humidity. There are given the results of test measurements on the modeling ground quartz sand. The conversion of bound moisture in sand to free water is accurately defined. The results correspond to the results received by other scientists.


Simulations of complex scientific phenomena involve the execution of massively parallel computer programs. These simulation programs generate large-scale multidimensional data sets over the spatio-temporal region. Analyzing such massive data sets is an essential step in helping scientists glean new information. To this end, efficient and effective data models are needed. In this paper, we present a hybrid approach for constructing data models from large-scale multidimensional scientific data sets. Our models not only provide descriptive information about the data but also allow users to subsequently examine the data by querying the data models. Our approach combines a multiresolution-topological model of the data with a multivariate-physical model of the data to generate one hierarchical data model that efficiently captures both the spatio-temporal and the physical aspects of the data. In particular, this hybrid approach consists of three phases. In the first phase, we build a multiresolution model that encapsulates the data set's spatial information (i.e., topology and spatial connectivity). In the second phase, we build a multivariate model from the physical dimensions of the data set. Physical dimensions refer to those dimensions that are neither spatial (x, y, z) nor temporal (time). The exclusion of the spatial-temporal dimensions from the clustering phase is important since "similar" characteristics could be located (spatially) far from each other. Finally, in the third phase, we connect the multivariate-physical model to the multiresolution-topological model by utilizing ideas from information retrieval. The third phase is essential since the multivariate-physical model does not contain any topological information (without which the model does not have accurate spatial context information). Experimental evaluations on two large-scale multidimensional scientific data sets illustrate the value of our hybrid approach.


Quantum manipulation based on geometric phases provides a promising way towards robust quantum gates. However, in the current implementation of nonadiabatic geometric phases, operational and/or random errors tend to destruct the conditions that induce geometric phases, thereby smearing their noise-resilient feature. In a recent experiment [Y. Xu et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 230503 (2020)], high-fidelity universal geometric quantum gates have been implemented in a superconducting circuit, which are robust to different types of errors under different configurations of the geometric evolution paths. Here, we apply the path-design strategy to explain in detail why both configurations can realize universal quantum gates in a single-loop way. Meanwhile, we purposefully induce our geometric manipulation by selecting the path configuration that is robust against the qubit-frequency-drift induced error, which is the dominant error source on realistic superconducting circuits and has not been deliberately addressed. Moreover, our proposal can further integrate with the composite scheme to enhance the gate robustness, which is verified by numerical simulations. Therefore, our scheme provides a promising way towards practical realization of high-fidelity and robust nonadiabatic geometric quantum gates.


Scattering of EM waves is discussed on the angular spectral complex plane on which some infinite sequences of zeros appear as a result of edge-to-edge interference of waves. The paper shows that the lines of curve for these sequences depend on the wave polarization, thereby characterizing the full nature of scattering as well as the structure of scatterers. Examples are given for a metallic strip and a triangular metallic-cylinder.


Abstract 'Infant led' and 'child led' interventions designed to address the affects related to familial violence honour a 'child up', rather than a 'parent down' approach to dyadic work. The capacity to form healthy attachments is largely developed within early childhood. Relational disruption resulting from familial violence threatens to impair healthy attachments and the subsequent neurodevelopmental sequences involved in affect modulation. Two innovative mental health group work interventions within the Western Region of Metropolitan Melbourne work to enhance the attachments of infants and mothers, and children and mothers/carers affected by family violence.


The paper presents the methodology for testing Common Rail fuel injectors, which involved extending standard test procedures with additional measurement points and introducing a linear regression coefficient as a new diagnostic parameter. This allowed for a more precise checking of the fuel dosage method, as the active experiment was conducted at a wider range of nozzle opening times (actuation). The obtained results were used in the calculation stage, which was transferred to the popular spreadsheet environment. This eliminates the need to modify the test bench software. The proposed solution should be particularly useful in problematic situations in which a clear assessment of the technical condition of the fuel injector remains difficult, as shown in the example.


Annotation. The primary aim was to analyze the scientific and theoretical material regarding the morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the subventricular zone's structure in the lateral ventricles during postnatal neurogenesis and to determine the prospects for further research. Given that neuronal development takes place in this specific part of the brain throughout the entire period of human ontogenesis, understanding its morphological and histological structure will help to clarify the mechanisms of neurogenesis under normal circumstances as well as under the influence of various physiological or pathological factors, which determines the relevance of this study. 40 sources on this topic were reviewed and selected from the main scientometric databases like Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Knowledge, with the majority of publications coming from the last decade. The state of research related to the morphogenesis and histogenesis of the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles of the animal brain in postnatal neurogenesis is highlighted, and the ways of further research are determined as a result of the scientific and theoretical analysis of literature sources.


In this work, we have used double decomposition method to find approximate analytical solutions for the two-point fuzzy boundary value problems. This method is based on the standard Adomian decomposition method, which is a highly efficient method for solving fuzzy and non-fuzzy differential equations. This method allows for the solution to be calculated in the form of convergent series, in which the obtained are accurate solutions and very close to the exact analytical solutions. Some numerical results have been given to illustrate the efficiency of the used method.


Objective To explore the epidemiological features of kidney stones in the west of Guangdong.Methods A questionnaire survey,clinical and B ultrasonic examination were conducted among 21682 residents by stratified cluster random sampling from this area,and the baseline data was analyzed.Results The rate of kidney stones was 7.8%.Multivariate analysis showed that the rate of kidney stones were related to male,diabetes,family history of kidney stones,high-protein foods,high-sugar diets,high-sodium products,high purine diet and water volume(P0.05).Conclusion The occurrence of kidney stones is related to many factors,according to which wu should do more prevention jobs.


Abstract The notion of Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is still stirring debate over how it should be interpreted, what models of CSR dominate in business practice, and consequences of enterprises' engagement into socially responsible actions. While business practice demonstrates that companies voluntarily include social and environmental issues into their activities and into their relations with stakeholders, it is hard to determine what intentions motivate them to do so. This paper analyses selected aspects of discussions focused on the notion of CSR and identifies controversies over the standardisation of ethical and social business activities.


Purpose To demonstrate the clinical and pathological characteristics of the perivascular epithelioid cell tumor(PEComa)of gastrointestinal(GI)tract.Methods Four cases of PEComa of GI tract were retrieved and analysed.Tumor tissue bolck was selected for the immunohistochemical staining in all the cases with antibodies including HMB45,alpha-smooth muscle actin,desmin,vimentin,CK,Syn,CgA,melan A,CD10,CD117,and S-100 protein.Results The patients were three males and one female and aged 38,42,36,and 45 years,respectively.Two tumors were located in the ascending colon,one was in the descending colon and another one was in the sigmoid colon.The size of the tumors ranged from 4.5 to 10 cm in diameter,and thr tumors were well circumscribed and grey-white on cut surface,with focal hemorrhage.Microscopically,the tumors were characterized by an epithelioid arrangement of tumor cells,which had abundant clear to eosinophilic pale granular cytoplasm,vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli.The stroma was rich in capillaries,sinusoid vasculature or thick-walled blood vessele.The tumor cells had no or mild atypia and one tumor had moderately atypical nuclei focally.The mitotic figures ranged from 0 to 3 per 10 high power fields.Immunohistochemically,the tumors were diffuselly positive for HMB45(4/4),diffuselly or partially positive for vimentin(4/4),smooth muscle actin(4/4),and desmin(3/4).They were uniformly negative for CK,Syn,CgA,Melan A,CD10,CD117,and S-100 protein.Regional bowel and tumor resection were performed in all patients and all had no evidence of disease 8,15,32,and 36 months after surgery.Conclusion GI tract PEComa is extremely rare and should be regarded as tumors with an uncertain malignant potential.The morphology is similar to the same tumors in other sites such as soft tissue.Surgical resection is the first choice for the treatment.


In the fall of 1993, we investigated the effect of litter on the germination of the federally-listed endangered plant, Amsinckia grandiflora. Nutlets were sown into plots established in both an area that had been manually cleared of all litter, as well as in an uncleared area. Within the uncleared area, three plots contained standing litter, and three plots had the litter clipped and left lying on the plot. Within the cleared area, three plots were covered with aviary netting, and three plots were left bare. All plots except those covered with aviary netting were instrumented with thermocouples. Germination rates, as well as diurnal surface soil temperatures, were obtained between November 19 and November 30, 1993. There was a significant difference between cleared and uncleared plots, with plots containing litter averaging more than five times the germination rate of cleared plots. There was no significant difference between the germination rates of the plots with standing or clipped litter, or between the bare and aviary netting treatments. Temperature data showed that, compared to plots with litter, cleared plots were warmer during the day and cooler at night. Little is known about the seed bank dynamics of Amsinckia grandiflora, and such a difference more » in germination success could have implications on restoration strategies for this rare annual forb. « less


The functional load hypothesis of Berinstein (1979) put forward the idea that languages which use a suprasegmental property (duration, F0) contrastively will not use it to realise stress. The functional load hypothesis is often cited when stress correlates are discussed, both when it is observed that the language under discussion follows the hypothesis and when it fails to follow it. In the absence of a more wide-ranging assessment of how frequently languages do or do not conform to the functional load hypothesis, it is unknown whether it is an absolute, a strong tendency, a weak tendency or unsupported. The results from a database of reported stress correlates and use of contrastive duration for 140 languages are presented and discussed. No support for the functional load hypothesis is found.


Two ideal solvent systems were found,while cellulose acetate was chosen as the original material.One of the solvent systems was acetone used as the only solvent,and the other was the mixed solution of acetone/dimethylacetamide (DMAC).Then cellulose acetate(CA) nanofibers were produced by electrospinning.The thermogravimetric(TG) analysis method and the differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) method were used to compare and analyze the thermal property difference between the original CA and the nanofibers.The thermal stability of the nanofibers were poorer than the original CA,especially the nanofibers electrospun from the acetone/DMAC solvent system.


In this study, we examined whether a homolog of the master sex-determining gene amhy of Odontesthes hatcheri is present and plays any role in testis determination of pejerrey O. bonariensis, a species otherwise known for its strong temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD). Screening of wild and laboratory-reared pejerrey for amhy revealed a high, although not complete linkage with phenotypic sex. The sex ratio in an amhy +/−/amhy −/− full sibling progeny reared during the thermolabile period of sex determination at an intermediate temperature of 25°C was 68.7% male:31.3% female; all amhy +/− fish developed as males whereas about 2/3 and 1/3 of the amhy −/− were female and male, respectively. Expression analyses revealed that amhy transcription began during embryo stage and decreased by the end of sex determination period. The autosomal amha was present in all individuals regardless of amhy genotype; its expression increased significantly from the end of the same period in the gonads of all amhy+ /− but only in part of the amhy− /− animals. After histological gonadal differentiation, all gonads of amhy −/− animals with amha ISH signals were testes and those without it were ovaries. These results suggest that amhy is important for testicular differentiation in pejerrey, at least at intermediate temperatures. Thus, we hypothesize that amhy +/− animals differentiate as males by expression of either amhy alone or amhy and amha together whereas the amhy −/− probably rely solely on amha expression. These findings represent the first clear genomic evidence that genotypic and environmental sex determinants can coexist in species with marked TSD such as the pejerrey. The finding of amhy will make possible to monitor wild pejerrey populations for mismatches between genotypic and phenotypic sex and may prove instrumental for field studies addressing the effects of endocrine disruptors or abnormal temperatures on reproduction and the ecological relevance of TSD for this species.


elderly subjects are more limited in mobility than male elderly subjects due to limited usage of a cars and motor-cycles. Results also show that bus service with a frequent schedule could increase elderly people's activity levels for longer distance activities. However, many of the elderly live in areas where bus service is infrequent. A demand responsive service (DRS) bus could be an alternative means of transportation. This study builds two logistic regression models separately to explore the factors affecting the willingness of male and female elderly people to use a DRS bus for their medical trips. The greatest differences between male and female subjects appear in the factors of age and most frequent transportation mode for a medical trip. The gender differences in the willingness to use a demand responsive service bus are discussed in this study. Background: It is reported that single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the Translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 40 homolog (TOMM40) gene is significantly associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline in various ethnic groups. The aim of this study is to clarify the association of rs2075650 in TOMM40 with cognitive function among 70- and 80-year-old Japanese general population. Methods: Participants age ± and 80 ± 1 years (n=550, 517 respectively) were randomly recruited from general eptuagenarians, ctogenarians N onagenarians (SONIC)


The progress of four pharmaceuticals (bezafibrate, carbamazepine, clarithromycin and ciprofloxacin) is followed through the treatment stages (screened sewage, settled sewage and final effluent) of a large urban wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) employing activated sludge treatment. Concentrations at the inlet to the WWTP are generally higher than those predicted from consideration of local pharmaceutical consumption and typical excretion data. Percentage removal efficiencies are variable (22.5 – 94.3%) with carbamazepine being the most resistant to elimination.


In this paper we describe a practical workflow that combines geostatistical seismic inversion and rock physics modeling to obtain joint estimates of lithofacies, elastic and reservoir properties in a single pass. Geological trend models are used as additional constraints on the prior geostatistical distribution of each lithofacies and continuous properties.


What causes the domesticated tomato Solanum lycopersicum to have sweet, juicy red fruit and large, compound leaves with narrow-tipped leaflets while its distant wild relative, the Peruvian Solanum pennellii , has small, soapy-smelling green fruit with an unpleasant flavor ([Matsui et al., 2007][1])


The Implementation of ICT can improve competitive advantage of SWCU. Assessment of the ICT performance has not been done periodically, but only based on complaints from other units. This study will evaluate ICT implementation in SWCU using IT Balanced Scorecard. The purpose of this study is to look at ICT application in SWCU from the user's perspective and provide recommendations for the improvement in ICT management for the process of the services towards stakeholders and also recommend the implementation of improvement process of e-learning, so it can reduce problems in the future. Results showed that the users are satisfied using ICT and ICT application makes administration and learning process become more effective and efficient. This condition influenced level of students who withdrew and increased number of new students who enrolled. In addition, Development model of e-learning in SWCU must consider some factors, such as : participants, environment, contextual, technological, and educational functions.


Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are more common in HIV-infected patients than in the general population. We observed an HIV(+) young man who presents an unusual cause of acute renal injury (obstructive uropathy as a consequence of lithiases secondary to antiretroviral therapy). The differential diagnosis of kidney diseases associated with HIV infections includes: glomerular, tubular and interstitial causes. A renal biopsy is a useful tool in the diagnostic approach. Nephrologists and urologists must be aware of HIVrelated renal affection, including toxicity related to HAART schedules.


Excerpt Clinical experience has shown that the use of antimetabolites in the treatment of cancer and as immunosuppressants is limited by the tolerance of the host for the destruction of replicating...


Chemicals play a vital role in global human development. Pharmaceuticals save lives from otherwise fatal diseases. Agrochemicals protect food crops from pests. Thousands of industrial chemicals provide the basis for consumer products. The global chemical industry is one of the largest business sectors in the world economy. In 2016, the roughly 100 000 chemicals produced, processed, and finally sold generated a turnover of USD 5.2 trillion (Statista 2018). Worldwide chemical production is projected to double between 2010 and 2030, and more than 70% of this increase will take place outside developed countries, in particular in countries with economies in transition such as Brazil, India, and China (OECD 2012). However, chemical production and use are not only a success story. Chemical pollution adversely impacts human health and the environment on a global scale (UN Environment 2013, 2017). Environmental pollution ignores national borders and can therefore be addressed effectively first and foremost through international cooperation. Approximately 200 multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs) address pollution issues on global, continental, and regional scales. Important global MEAs that deal with chemical pollution include the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal, the Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade, the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, and the Minamata Convention on Mercury.


This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 17221 "Geometric Modelling, Interoperability and New Challenges". While previous Dagstuhl seminars on geometric modeling were focused on basic research, this seminar was focused on applications of geometric modeling to four topic areas: big data and cloud computing, multi-material additive manufacturing, isogeometric analysis, and design optimization. For this purpose we brought together participants from industry urgently in need of better solutions, researchers in the above application areas, and researchers in the geometric modeling community.


373 Background: There is no standard chemotherapy regimen for PC patients who have progressed on G and fluoropyrimidine-based therapy. Single agent nab-P had limited activity on a second-line phase II trial in PC. Synergistic preclinical studies with G and taxanes have been reported. Nab-P targets stromal cells and leads to improved delivery of chemotherapy to PC cells. The combination of G + nab-P might be an effective approach in pretreated PC. Methods: A retrospective analysis of advanced refractory PC patients treated from Sep 2010 to Aug 2011 with the combination of G + nab-P was performed at the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center. Patients received G 1000mg/m2 and nab-P 100mg/m2 on D1, 8 and 15 of a 28 day cycle. Treatment response was assessed by review of imaging studies using the RECIST criteria, CA19-9 response and symptomatic improvement. The progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated from time of commencement of G + nab-P until documented progression or death ...


Laparoscopic gastric cancer surgery is the hot-spot and the development tendency of gastric cancer surgery currently.This paper provides an overview of the application and advance of laparoscopy surgery for early gastric cancer and advanced gastric cancer and the future development direction of the need to work for laparoscopic gastric cancer surgery.


Relative frequency and mortality rate of various types of leukemia in Japan were studied on 3,925 autopsied cases, comparing both clinical and pathological diagnoses, obtained from "Annual of Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan" published during the period of 1958 to 1965. About 55% of all leukemia in Japan is acute granulocytic leukemia, followed by chronic granulocytic, acute lymphocytic, and acute monocytic leukemia. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is less than 2%. Comparison of the mortality rate revealed that chronic lymphocytic leukemia was at least 39.3 to 91.8 times more in the U.S.A., Israel, and Sweden than in Japan, but other types were not so strikingly different. There seems to be a difference in prevalent type of leukemia in different countries, and to record accurate cell types and chronicity for comparison among genetically different populations may serve as a clue for etiological investigations in the future.