SCIENCE sciencemag.org I n synthetic ecology, a nascent offshoot of synthetic biology, scientists aim to design and construct microbial communities with desirable properties. Such mixed populations of microorganisms can simultaneously perform otherwise incompatible functions ( 1). Compared with individual organisms, they can also better resist losses in function as a result of environmental perturbation or invasion by other species ( 2). Synthetic ecology may thus be a promising approach for developing robust, stable biotechnological processes, such as the conversion of cellulosic biomass to biofuels ( 3). However, achieving this will require detailed knowledge of the principles that guide the structure and function of microbial communities (see the image). Recent work with synthetic communities is shedding light on microbial interactions that may lead to new principles for community design and engineering. In game theory, cooperators provide publicly available goods that benefit all, whereas cheaters exploit those goods without reciprocation. The tragedy of the commons predicts that cheaters are more fit than cooperators, eventually destroying the cooperation. Yet, this is not borne out by observations. For example, using a synthetic consortium of genetically modified yeast to represent cooperators and cheaters, Waite and Shou ( 4) found that, although initially less fit than cheaters, cooperators rapidly dominated in a fraction of the cultures. The evolved cooperators harbored mutations allowing them to grow at much lower nutrient concentrations than their ancestor. This suggests that the tragedy of the commons can be avoided Ecological communities by design Learning from nature. Photomicrograph of cyanobacterial-heterotroph microbial consortia derived from a phototrophic microbial mat community from a saline lake. Emerging understanding of cooperative mechanisms in such communities may be helpful in the design of synthetic communities for use in biotechnology.


Strongly hyperbolic differential equations become L-well-posed mixed problems under suitable boundary conditions. A concept of uniform Lopatinski's condition, given by S. Agmon Q], gives a sufficient condition for L-well-posedness. Moreover, it is known that some types of mixed problems become L-well-posed, which do not satisfy uniform Lopatinski's condition (cf. [J2], Q3], [Jf]). On the other hand, in the case of constant coefficients and half-space, a necessary and sufficient condition for jL-well-posedness is given by R. Agemi & T. Shirota \Jf] by the words of uniform L-well-posedness for boundary value problems of ordinary differential equations with parameters. But it is not so concrete to clear the role of uniform Lopatinski's condition. This paper is a trial of more concrete characterizations of L-well-posedness for strongly hyperbolic mixed problems. We consider the problem


Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is the most common cause of hypercalcemia and its presentation has appeared to have changed from classical disease presentation of bones, stones, moans, and groans to asymptomatic mild mood swings. However, in the developing world, still there are fair proportions of patients who present with classical presentation and they present with advanced target diseases. One such manifestation is a bone disease. Skeletal surgery was employed and is still being employed for surgery of the bone and joints and we discuss the role of the skeletal survey in PHPT.


There are many good characteristics for regular simple graph, so the graphs are generally used in many fields, especially in web construction. M-regular Simple Graph(m≥5) is studied and receives an important characteristics of this kind of graphs.


The main topological feature of a superfluid is a quantum vortex with an identifiable inner and outer radius. A novel unitary quantum lattice gas algorithm is used to simulate quantum turbulence of a Bose-Einstein condensate superfluid described by the Gross-Pitaevskii equation on grids up to 5760(3). For the first time, an accurate power-law scaling for the quantum Kelvin wave cascade is determined: k(-3). The incompressible kinetic energy spectrum exhibits very distinct power-law spectra in 3 ranges of k space: a classical Kolmogorov k(-(5/3)) spectrum at scales greater than the outer radius of individual quantum vortex cores and a quantum Kelvin wave cascade spectrum k(-3) on scales smaller than the inner radius of the quantum vortex core. The k(-3) quantum Kelvin wave spectrum due to phonon radiation is robust, while the k(-(5/3)) classical Kolmogorov spectrum becomes robust on large grids.


One kind of pond filter apparatus comprising a pond filter (1), pond filter comprising: a fluid inlet (12) and a fluid outlet (13) of the housing; and a chamber (16) in the housing, the chamber receiving a plurality of filter media elements (2) and disposed in the flow path between the inlet (12) and an outlet (13). Stirring member (41) disposed in the chamber for agitating filter media elements carried in the cleaning process. Filter media elements (2) of compressible open-cell foam section, under the effect of stirring member (41), the foam portion freely changing the position in the chamber and relative to one another.


Aim. To study the changes in prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the Republic of Azerbaijan in 1994-2012 and to predict the changes by 2030. Methods. The data of the number of patients with diabetes mellitus in the Republic of Azerbaijan were gained by analyzing official statistics of Ministry of Healthcare of the Azerbaijan Republic. The population of Azerbaijan in 1994-2012 was also analyzed. Microsoft Excel software package was used for prognosis calculation and graphical representation. Results. In 1994 40 438 patients with diabetes mellitus were registered in the Republic of Azerbaijan, in 2003 - 49 083 pa-tients, and in 2012 the number of patients with diabetes mellitus has reached 151 667 which was 375.06% compared to 1994 and 309.00% compared to 2003. Mid-annual change of the country's population was calculated, with the gained data used for population prediction for 2030. According to the calculations, the number of officially registered patients with diabetes mellitus should reach 3.73% of the Azerbaijan Republic population by 2030. Conclusion. Statistical data show considerable growth in diabetes mellitus prevalence in the Republic of Azerbaijan. The prediction based on the last 9 years data allows to predict the increase of the number of officially registered patients with diabetes mellitus up to 380 178 patients by 2030, which will make 3.73% of the country's population.


The Echo State Network (ESN) is a novel and special type of recurrent neural network that has become increasingly popular in machine learning domains such as time series forecasting, data clustering, and nonlinear system identification. This network is characterized by large randomly constructed recurrent neural networks (RNN) called "reservoir", in which the neurons are sparsely connected and the weights remain unchanged during training, leaving the simple training of the output layer. However, the reservoir is criticized for its randomness and instability because of the random initialization of the connectivity and weights. In this article, we introduced the selective ensemble learning based on BPSO to improve the generalization performance of ESN. Two widely studied tasks are used to prove the feasibility and priority of the selective ESN ensemble based on BPSO(SESNE-BPSO) model. And the results indicate that the SESNE-BPSO model performs better than the general ESN ensemble, the single standard ESN and several other improved ESN models.


When the wavelet image mosaics, first of all have to wavelet decomposition, the mosaic image is decomposed into multiple scales. In this paper, based on the improved area energy fusion method matching the appearance of negative, through the introduction of absolute value, eliminate the negative phenomenon. The paper presents the algorithms of image wavelet optimize splicing and fusion based on improved region energy. The algorithm to achieve the mosaic effect chart maintained from the source image information is the largest while eliminating the seams, and verify the validity and rationality. The simulation results verify the correctness and the validity of the algorithm, but also to enhance the clarity of the image fusion provides an effective way. Copyright © 2013 IFSA.


Fistulinella cinereoalba sp. nov., Austroboletus rostrupii, previously known from southeastern Asia, and Austroboletus festivus from Brazilian Amazonia are described for the first time from the Guiana Shield. These boletes were collected from tropical forests dominated by ectomycorrhizal Dicymbe spp. (Fabaceae subfam. Caesalpinioideae) in the Pakaraima Mountains of western Guyana.


A 62-year-old woman presented with a IS-year history of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Her symptoms were well controlled with daily protonpump inhibitor therapy. She had been referred by her primary care physician for esophagoscopy to screen for Barrett esophagus. Esophagoscopy revealed that nearly all of the mucosa was salmon-colored, a finding that is consistent with Barrett esophagus and that was confirmed on biopsy. Biopsies were negative for dysplasia and malignancy. An interesting finding was that a small island of normal pink squamous mucosa was present in the sea of Barrett metaplasia (figure). This isolated patch of normal mucosa easily could have been mistaken for a lesion had the endoscopist not been familiar with the typical appearance of normal mucosa and Barrett metaplasia. Barrett esophagus represents an intestinal metaplasia of the esophagus. It is a premalignant lesion caused by chronic GERD.The diagnosis is made by confirmation of the intestinal metaplasia on biopsy. Patients with confirmed Barrett esophagus should undergo periodic endoscopic surveillance with biopsy to look for the development of dysplasia and malignancy.


Let FO C SO(n, 1) (n > 2) be a cocompact lattice and p: Fo - F be an injective representation into a convex-cocompact discrete isometric subgroup of a noncompact rank-1 symmetric space. The Hausdorff dimension 6(F) of the limit set of F = p(Fo) satisfies 6(F) > 6(Fo) = n - 1. We prove that equality holds if and only if p is a Fuchsian representation; i.e., F preserves a totally geodesic copy of HRI in HR. This generalizes the result of (2) and settles a question raised by Tukia ((43), p. 428). Actually we prove a more general result in the context of variable negative curvature. Strikingly there are no quasi-Fuchsian representations at least for the lower codimensional case in complex hyperbolic geometry. That is, for a cocompact lattice FO C SU(n, 1) (n > 2) and an injective representation p: Fo -* SU(m, 1) (n < m < 2n - 1) with F = p(Fo) convex-cocompact, we prove that one always has 6(F) = 6(Fo) and moreover, F must stabilize a totally geodesic copy of H?: in H?:. This can be viewed as a global generalization of Goldman and Millson's local rigidity theorem (see (20); another global generalization was obtained by K. Corlette (5)). Various other related rigidity results are also obtained.


The interest of psychologists in population research and training has been encouraged by the upsurge of the interest of the U.S. government in the late 1960s. Population research problems for psychologists are: 1) development of a conceptual framework for studying motivations for parenthood 2) development of a theory of decision making on number and spacing of children 3)discovering factors which contribute to acceptableness and continuance of various contraceptives 4) antecedent and consequent psychosocial factors affecting use of sterilization and 8) design of standardized reliable instruments for measuring human behavioral characteristics necessary for population research. The psychology of population could be included in an undergraduate course. On the graduate level the behavioral-social aspects of population could become a field of specialization. Postgraduate education at a population research and training center could be appropriate.


The research focuses on the problem of creating culture-educative environment in teacher-training institutions. It also investigates the necessity of forming culturological components of teacher professionalism. This promotes cultural personality development and creates conditions for self-development and selfrealization of future teachers in various activities.


Trastuzumab (Herceptin) is a monoclonal antibody targeting the extracellular domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (1) utilized for the treatment of adjuvant and metastatic breast cancer (2) in the United States and worldwide. We mined published microarray and gene expression data (3, 4) to discover in an unbiased manner the most significant transcriptional changes associated with trastuzumab treatment. We identified the growth factor IGF2 as among the genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer treated with trastuzumab. The primary tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab expressed significantly higher levels of IGF2 messenger RNA than did patients not treated with trastuzumab, and a single administration of trastuzumab was sufficient to result in differential expression of IGF2 in primary tumors of the breast, demonstrating increased expression of a growth factor encoded at a paternally imprinted locus (5) as a direct transcriptional result of treatment with trastuzumab.


Every family is expecting a happy life. Islam as concept and method of living has given guidance to human in order to reach happiness both in the world and the hereafter. The aim of this article is to explain how the purposes, the principles, the functions, the kind of happiness in prophet Muhamad family model are. The explanation is expected to increase the family harmonization as well as to decrease the number of divorce. Based on date of Central Bureau of Statistics, the number of divorce in Indonesia in 2015, we could see 347.256 divorce from 1.958.394 marriages (about 17,8 %). The main causes of divorces are the absence of understanding, the affair, the irresponsibility spouse, the intervention of family, and the financial problem. In order to provide the solution against the problems then conducted the study about family literacy. And also to gain accurate results, this literacy study held in three steps. First, provision of date by observation-writing method using relevant books related to family's problem. Second, analyzing method used is Al-Qura'n's method of interpretation, which is arranging available data in to purposes, principles, functions, and kinds of happiness in prophet Muhammad family model. Third, presentation of data by informally model, which is providing a straight forward explanation. Based on the result of family literacy Al-Qura'n's method of interpretation to prophet Muhammad family model there are formula of five purposes, three principles, eight functions, and five happiness in family.


The objectives of this study are (1) to find the students' and the teacher's perception about TBLT in the listening class, to identify their perspective and the practices in teaching listening by using TBLT method. (2) to discover the ways of the teacher in giving the task and the clarity of the instruction. (3) to find the ways of the students in perceiving and accomplishing the tasks in the listening class. (4) to disclose the existing problems in the implementation of TBLT in the listening class.The research method is qualitative study in which the design is case study. It was conducted towards twelve college students and one lecturer of IKIP-PGRI Pontianak in the academic year of 2015/2016. The techniques of collecting data were interview, observation, and documentation. The data were in the forms of interview transcripts, fieldnotes, and documents. The data were analysed by using ground theory to generate the theory that emerges from the reality where the theory is developed from.The findings of the study show that: (1) the students and the teacher have high understanding about TBLT. They believed that it helps them in the process of teaching and learning become more effective. The students and the teacher assumed that TBLT motivates students to be more active by using the actual use of target language. TBLT helps students understand the materials much easier where the learners as the centered in the class activities. The perception and the practices in the listening class by using TBLT method has brought to a) the learners and the teacher have good impressions toward TBLT. b) the process of teaching and learning is suitable with their needs. (2) the teacher claimed that the task has delivered clearly and optimally in the form of spoken and written by using english. (3) each student perceived and accomplished the task in different way. (4) the problems that appear such as students' vocabulary mastery and the lack of teaching learning facilities.The implication of this study is that the students' and the teacher's understanding toward TBLT as well as their roles in the class influences their learning outcomes. The clarity of the instruction also plays important part in fulfilling the task. The students' understanding toward the instruction effect them to accomplish the task successfully. Therefore, the students and the teacher have to take a part actively toward the implementation of TBLT method.Keywords: Perception, TBLT, Listening


We study a two-level system having N local systems in the lower level subordinate to a central system in the higher one, such that both central and local systems have decision-making units. The central system is a coordinating agency and the local ones are semi-autonomous operating devisions. The basic principle of planning for this organization is that the central system allocates resources so as to optimize its own objective, while the local ones optimize their own objectives using the given resources. A local objective function, fn, is a function of the lower level decision variable vector x=(x1,. ·., XN) and the higher level one a=(a1,. ·., aN), where an is a resource vector allocated to the local system n. Since the functions {/n}'~~i are mutually independent, the lower level composes a multi-objective system, in which the lower level decision-makers minimize a vector objective function f =(11,. · · ,/s) with respect to x in cooperation with each other. Thus, the lower level generates a set of noninferior (i.e. Pareto optimal) solutions x(a) being parametric with respect to a. The central decision-maker, then, chooses the optimal resource allocation a 0 and the best noninferior solution x0 corresponding to a 0 from among a set of x(a). The above problem becomes a decentralized two-level optimization, when the local system contains only its own variables (xn, an). Several theorems and iterative algorithms for the formulated problems are obtained by use of mathematical programming techniques.


Plutonium from three sites was studied to provide information necessary in understanding its behavior and fate under prevailing conditions. Plutonium in soils from the Nevada Test Site (NTS) was predominantly associated (50 to 75 percent) with the coarse silt (53 to 20 $mu$m) fraction. The plutonium in samples from Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and Mound Laboratory (ML) was predominantly in the clay size (less than 2 $mu$m). The solubility in citric acid was about 20 to 25 percent in the ORNL sample and 40 to 50 percent in the ML sample. Density gradient segregation of the clay size fraction of the ML sample showed the activity distribution to be directly related to the weight of the recovered fraction with enhanced contribution by the very light organic fraction. Approximately 71 percent was found in the 2.3 to 2.4 g/cm$sup 3$ fraction which contained 65 weight percent of the clay and 16 percent in the less than 1.8 g/ cm$sup 3$ fraction (organic fraction) which contained 6 percent of the weight fraction. (auth)


Negritude and after: changing perspectives in French‐language African fiction The Black Cloth: A Collection of African Folktales. Bernard Binlin Dadie. Translated from the French by Karen C Hatch. Amherst, Massachusetts: The University of Massachusetts Press. 1987. 140pp.np . hb Black Docker. Sembene Ousmane. Translated from the French by Ros Schwartz. London: Heinemann Educational Books. 1987. 120pp. £3.95pb Tribaliks: Contemporary Congolese Stories. Henri Lopes. Translated from the French by Andrea Leskes. London: Heinemann Educational Books. 1987. 86pp. £3.95pb The Laughing Cry: An African Cock and BuU Story. Henri Lopes. Translated from the French by Gerald Moore. London: Readers International. 1987. 260pp. £4.95pb Chinese literature in renaissance Mulberry and Peach: Two Women of China. Hualing Nieh. London: Women's Press. 1986. 197 pp. £3.95pb One Half of the Sky: Selection from Contemporary Women Writers of China. Edited and translated from the Chinese by R A Roberts and Angela Knox London: William...


By analyzing the products processing trees which start processing on different time, the working procedures of products could be divided into the attached one, which has the only precursor and subsequence, and the unattached one When ACPM (allied critical path method) and BFSM (best fit scheduling method) are applied to these two procedures and the procedures are grouped, the compactness of the procedures should be taken into account The result of test with practical examples shows that scheduling algorithm presented in this paper is concise and satisfying for settling dynamic Job Shop scheduling


As our recognition of the potential dangers of an uncontrolled immune response has mounted, so has the need to better define the mechanisms of normal immune regulation that prevent an unbridled response. In 2009 our understanding of immunoregulatory mechanisms has both deepened and broadened. Naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ FoxP3+ regulatory T cells are central in maintaining normal immune homeostasis. Bettini and Vignali describe recent advances in understanding the determinants of lineage determination of natural regulatory T (Treg) cells within the thymus. A critical determination point is the differentiation of CD4+ lymphocytes into T helper (Th)1, Th2, and Th17 effectors or into a FoxP3-expressing Treg subset. A relatively new addition in the decisionmaking process that leads to a Th2 response is the epithelial-derived cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and its receptor through its action on dendritic cells (DCs). TSLP assumes special importance because of its sensitivity to external influences, such as microbial pathogens and potential allergens. He and Geha explain how the environment directs the pathways of T cell differentiation through TSLP. Other fresh insights into mechanisms by which environmental agents can shift the immune response have come about through careful study of exposure to the toxin dioxin (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin; TCDD) and its action on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Marshall and Kerkvliet summarize up-to-date information explaining how low concentrations of TCDD, acting as an "environmental hormone," may inhibit CD4 T cell differentiation into Th1, Th2, and Th17 lineages, while favoring FoxP3+ Treg cells. In recent years interest in the regulatory significance of the B cell has been reignited. DiLillo, Matsushita, and Tedder describe their work and that of others in delineating a population of "B10 cells" as a significant source of negative regulators of inflammation, particularly IL-10. The B cell as a target of regulatory factors has also come under renewed scrutiny. Crampton, Voynova, and Bolland review the growing literature on Toll-like receptors that drive naive and memory B cells as well as antibody formation. Antibody itself is a critical element in regulation of B-cell activation. The actual mechanisms are finally coming to light through detailed studies on the Fc receptors. Niederer, Clatworthy, Willcocks, and Smith describe their current work on the inhibitory receptor Fc RIIB and the activating receptor Fc RIIIB and their relationship to systemic lupus erythematosus. The importance of DCs in shaping the adaptive immune response is now well established. Experiments in both mice and humans have shown that the plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are a major source of type 1 interferons in response to viral infection. Lande and Gilliet summarize the recent progress made in describing the unique features that set pDCs apart from classical DCs, delineating their role in infection, autoimmunity, and cancer. The activation of DCs through their receptor for tyrosine kinase (c-kit) by its ligand (stem cell factor) has been shown to skew immune responses to Th2 and Th17 phenotypes and away from Th1 responses. Conversely, DC treatment with inhibitors of c-kit directs responses toward Th1 cytokines and activates natural killer cells. This important line of research is described by Ray, Krishnamoorthy, Oriss, and Ray. Our newer understanding of the life history of the T cell is now beginning to yield results in opening new strategies for intervention by interrupting or redirecting T-cell development. Novel


The work presented in this thesis addresses two problems: accurately localizing a mobile robot using ultra-wideband (UWB) radio signals in GPS-denied environments; and planning robot trajectories that incorporate belief uncertainty using probabilistic state estimates. Addressing the former, we improve upon traditional approaches to range-based localization by capturing non-linear sensor dynamics using a Monte Carlo method for hidden bias estimation. For the latter, we overcome current limitations of scalable belief space planning by adapting the Probabilistic Roadmap algorithm to enable trajectory search in belief space for minimal uncertainty paths. We contribute a novel solution motivated by linear least-squares estimation and the Riccati equation that provides linear belief updates, allowing us to combine several prediction and measurement steps into one efficient update. This reduces the time required to compute a plan by over two orders of magnitude, leading to a tractable belief space planning method which we call the Belief Roadmap (BRM) algorithm. Thesis Supervisor: Nicholas Roy Title: Assistant Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics


In Canada, currently no national seasonal influenza immunization program exists. To better inform policy, the cost-effectiveness of influenza immunization programs was examined. Using a best-evidence synthesis approach, 31 economic evaluations were reviewed. Subgroups emerged from the literature, including pregnant and post-partum women, children, and healthy adults. Generally, from the societal and healthcare system perspective, vaccination was costeffective. For pregnant and post-partum women, vaccinating all versus only high risk was costeffective. For children (6 months to18 years), vaccinating all versus only high risk was cost effective, especially for infants, toddlers, and adolescents. For healthy working age adults (19 to 64 years), results were mixed, and sensitive to vaccine efficacy, uptake, and productivity loss. For adults with co-morbidities and healthcare workers, vaccination was cost-effective. In Canada, six provinces (AB, SK, MB, ON, NS, NL) and all territories offer universal programs as of 2014. Three provinces (BC, QC, NB) offer programs targeting high risk groups only.


Abstract The thermal inactivation kinetics of freeze-dried α-amylase in a solid matrix was studied at water contents ranging from 1.5 to 23.9 g waterper100 g dry solid. These conditions were obtained by equilibration in dry environments, with water activities ranging between 0.11 and 0.88. Isothermal inactivation experiments in the range 135 to 150 °C were performed. Results were analysed with both the Bigelow and Arrhenius models. It was concluded that there was no statistical significance to suggest that the water content influenced the kinetic parameters. An activation energy of 128 kJ/mol and pre-exponential factor with a logarithm of 33.9 described all the results well.


The technique of "reaction gas chromatography" involving dehydrogenation of heterocyclic compounds by a platinum-firebrick catalyst was applied to alkaloids possessing the tropane moiety in their structures. The reaction chromatogram of 3-tropanol, from which most of these alkaloids may be considered to be derived, exhibited several peaks, among which were those due to pyrrole, methylpyrrole, pyrrolidine, pyridine, piperidine, and toluene. These products were also produced by atropine, homatropine, scopolamine, ecgonine, and cocaine when these alkaloids were examined under similar experimental conditions. Atropine, homatropine, and scopolamine exhibited some additional peaks which were correlated with their structures.


A 42 year-old male, with no relevant medical history except surgery three years before for chronic anal fissure in another center (without information regarding type of surgery), attended outpatient clinic for several week-history of anal pain. The patient related a sudden anal pain without irradiation and without relationship with defecation that improved with flexion of the lower extremities. On physical examination, the patient has no pain and there were no relevant findings. 3D endoanal ultrasound showed a defect in the internal anal sphincter on the left half of the anal canal (Figs. 1 and 2). This image was highly suggestive to be secondary to have been operated using a lateral sphincterotomy technique. The patient was diagnosed with chronic idiopathic anal pain type Proctalgia fugax and he was successfully treated with topical diltiazem.


Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) is widely used to treat spasticity in children with diplegic cerebral palsy (CP) but has never been shown conclusively to improve functional outcome. The study was designed to measure changes in gross motor function in children 1 year following rhizotomy compared with a control group receiving equivalent physiotherapy. (PT) and occupational therapy (OT) with the exception that the rhizotomy group initially underwent a 6‐week postoperative in‐patient therapy program. Twenty‐four children (mean age 58 months) with mild to moderate CP with spastic diplegia were randomly assigned to a therapy‐only control group (CG) (N=12) or rhizotomy and therapy group (RG) (N=12). The Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) was administered at the baseline, 6‐, and 12‐month assessments. Extremity tone, range of motion (ROM), biomechanics of the ankle‐stretch reflex, isometric contraction, and temporal gait components were also evaluated. GMFM scores in the RG improved by 12.1 percentage points versus 4.4 percentage points in the CG (P<0.02). RG knee arid ankle tone was significantly reduced (P<0.005), associated with increased passive ankle ROM (P<0.001), and decreased soleus EMG reflex activity on forced dorsiflexion (P<0.008). Foot‐floor contact pattern improved in the RG compared with the CG (P<0.05). In conclusion, SDR combined with PT and OT leads to significantly greater functional motor improvement at 1 year following surgery compared with PT and OT alone. This was achieved in part through reduced knee and ankle tone, increased ankle dorsiflexion ROM, and more normal foot‐floor contact during walking.


Background: Development and homeostasis of the brain are enabled through the precise control of the cell microenvironment by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which interfaces between the brain parenchyma and the lumen of blood microvessels, and by the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier, which separates the cerebrospinal fluid from the blood vessels of the choroid plexus (Villabona-Rueda et al., 2019). Here, the focus will be on the BBB, the impairment of which is considered the earliest common denominator in neurovascular diseases. BBB


In this most welcome and insightful book of essays, Andy Auge sets about analysing the role of Catholicism in the work of 7 modern Irish poets: Austin Clarke, Patrick Kavanagh, John Montague, Seamus Heaney, Eilean Ni Chuilleanain, Paul Durcan and Paula Meehan. Clearly, you have in this choice a mixture of highly decorated figures, one a Nobel Laureate, and some less well-established voices, although all extremely well-established among the reading public. The overall impression given as one r...


Part 1: introduction - how white wine is made, key factors, choice of grape, significance of the vintage, soil, microclimate and maturation, the art of blending, reasons for ageing with maturity recommendations the worlds top white grape varieties - Chardonnay, Chenin Blanc, Kerner, Muller-Thurgau, Muscat, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillion, Silvaner/Sylvaner, Traminer. Part 2 Directory of wines by country and region: France -Bordeaux, leading appellations and recommendations, estates, producers and negciants, key meaning given to classification of 1855, Loire, Rhone, Burgundy, top estates, producers and vintages Germany - key terms, top regions, Mosel-Saar-Ruwer, Nahe, Rheingau, Franken, Rheinhessen, Rheinpfalz (Palatinate), top estates and producers, vintages, Austria, Rhine riesling and Gruner Veltliner Hungary, Greece, Yugoslavia, Switzerland, Romania Italy - understanding Italian terms and its wine law, Trentino and Alto Adige, Veneto, Umbria, Marche, Latium Spain - Spanish winemaking traditions, and their law, key terms, Rioja, Galicia, Navarra, Catalonia Portugal - Vino verde, white Bairrada, Dao, Bucelas and Moscatel de Setubal from Losbon America - California, recommended estates (Napa, Alexander, Russian River, Caneros and Santa Ynez), Washington State and oregon, Canada, British Columbia and Ontario, explanation of the Vinter's quality alliance Ausralia - New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria New Zealand - Marlborough, Hawke's Bay, Cloudy Bay, Kumeu River, Nobilo, Villa Maria, recommendations South Africa - wine law and terminology, distinctive districts and grapes, estates recommended creating a wine cellar - physical factors like temperature, humidity, light, wine bin installation, financial factors like insurance, ways to realise surplus stock, names and addreses of wine auctioneers worldwide.


The general formula (C) In the compound or salt thereof a pharmaceutically acceptable illustrated has a low oxygen environment selective growth inhibitory activity in a wide concentration range, is useful as an active ingredient of a prophylactic or therapeutic drug for cancer.


Background: To study the hemoglobin, serum ferritin, serum iron, hematocrit values and peripheral blood smear in children with febrile seizure.
Methods: Hospital based Prospective, Analytical, Case – Control study conducted on 100 patients were enrolled in the study out of which 50 were cases which were febrile convulsion patients and 50 were control who were age and weight matched children.
Results: Mean hemoglobin level was 10.37±1.85 and 11.84±1.69 in study and control groups respectively and this difference was found statistically highly significant (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that low serum iron levels and the presence of anemia can serve as strengthening factors for the FSs in children. Therefore, ID can be added to the list of risk factors for febrile convulsions. Accordingly, children with FSs are suggested to be monitored for diagnosis and treatment of IDA.
Keywords: Hemoglobin, IDA, Epilepsy.


Hematopoietic tumors develop through the acquisition of multiple molecular cytogenetic lesions, which confer growth advantage to the neoplastic cells, favoring the emergence of clones resistant to treatment. Not surprisingly, a high number of chromosome aberrations represents an unfavorable prognostic factor in several hematologic neoplasias, including acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, myelofibrosis and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Conventional banding analysis (CBA) is a well-established method allowing for a complete overview of the cell genome, with high specificity and low sensitivity. The presence of three or more chromosome lesions in the same clone, usually referred to as complex karyotype, was associated with a shorter overall survival in CLL as early as 1990. Since then, reports have documented the negative prognostic significance of a complex karyotype in patients treated with chemoimmunotherapy and with novel mechanism-based therapy. While prognostic factors associate with outcome independently of the treatment, predictive factors are able to identify patients who are likely to obtain improved survival with a specific therapy and can only be identified in comparative trials. Because different types of treatment can be offered to CLL patients, biological factors predicting outcome with a specific drug are very useful in clinical practice and CBA was proposed as a desirable procedure in the diagnostic workup within prospective clinical studies. Interestingly, high efficacy of venetoclax plus obinutuzumab in patients with a complex karyotype and CLL was recently documented in the CLL14 trial, pointing to a possible role of complex karyotype as a predictive marker. Despite the introduction of effective mitogens, CBA is quite a cumbersome procedure requiring fresh dividing cells. For this reason, molecular methods such as array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), single nucleotide insertional polymorphisms and next-generation sequencing have been applied in CLL, consistently showing that a high number of genetic lesions is associated with an inferior outcome.


The dipentyl derivatives of 10- and 12-vertex p-carboranes and bicyclo[2.2.2]octane have been prepared and studied in the pure state and in binary mixtures with a nematic host. Only 1,4-dipentylbicyclo[2.2.2]octane was found to exhibit a monotropic nematic transition. The extrapolated virtual nematic-isotropic transition temperatures provide the expected order of ring effectiveness in supporting the nematic mesophase: bicyclo[2.2.2]octane>12-vertex p-carborane >10-vertex p-carborane. The results for the single ring derivatives [1]b were compared with clearing temperatures for the two-ring mesogens [2]c.


Cultural changes in the expression of sexuality have occurred recently. At the same time use experience and credibility of family planning clinics have increased. There is a need to provide sexual counseling at family planning clinics and a need to make both clients and staff comfortable with the discussions. Counselors should help people learn the importance of communication within sexual relationships. Awareness of feelings must precede communication.


Visitors to the Wanneroo Aquamotion aquatic facility are getting dressed in
style as the newly refurbished changing rooms opened this week.


The paper analyzes the security and algorithm complexity of the existing RFID authentication protocols,proposes a new authentication protocol based on advanced encryption algorithm AES and public key cryptosystem NTRU.The protocol can resist replay attack,spoofing attack,tampering,location tracking and other means of attack,it also achieves mutual authentication and key updates,and it is suitable for high security requirements applications with a lot of electronic tags.The paper analyzes the security and algorithm feasibility of this new protocol,and proves the safety performance by BAN logic.


Underwater sensor networks will find many oceanic applications in near future, and the deployment problem in 3D sensor networks has not been paid enough attention at present. In order to maximize the network lifetime, a deployment algorithm (UDA) for underwater sensor networks in ocean environment is proposed. UDA can determine and select the best cluster shape, then partition the space into layers and clusters while maintaining full coverage and full connectivity. In addition, nodes closer to sinks are possible to bear a heavier data-relaying mission. UDA sets different node deployment densities at different layers in response to the potential relay discrepancy. The simulation results suggest UDA can choose the proper cluster shape to get the maximum underwater wireless sensor network lifetime approximately.


Abstract The influence of the addition of B2O3on the properties of the oxide ceramic materials Bi–Pb–Sr–Ca–Cu–O was investigated. The samples with nominal com-posi-tion BiaPbbBcSr2Ca2Cu3Ox(a = 0.8–1.6,b = 0.06–0.26,c = 0.05–1.0) were prepared and studied by the measurement of the temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity and critical current density. The addition of a small amount of B2O3(c = 0.05,a = 1.8,b = 0.26) had positive influence on the critical current density. On the other hand, a high content of boron (c > 0.6,b = 0.26,a + b = 1.8) reversed the superconductor to an insulator.


Context
The term micromegaly has been used to describe a subset of patients who have elevated IGF-1 levels but apparently normal basal GH (bGH) concentrations and often a glucose-suppressed GH of <1 ng/mL.

Objective
To evaluate the prevalence, clinical spectrum, and therapeutic outcome of acromegaly with normal bGH at diagnosis.

Design and Methods
Retrospective analysis of a cohort of patients with acromegaly diagnosed and treated at a tertiary care center.

Results
A cohort of 528 patients with acromegaly was stratified according to bGH at diagnosis: group 1, <2 ng/mL, n = 16; group 2, 2 to 9.9 ng/mL, n = 202; group 3, 10 to 99 ng/mL, n = 294; and group 4, ≥100 ng/mL, n = 16. Patients in group 1 (normal bGH) constituted 3% of the total cohort and were significantly older and more likely to be male than patients in the other groups. The frequency of acromegalic symptoms, signs, and comorbidities was similar between the four patient groups. Patients in group 1 more often harbored microadenomas (75%) and had significantly lower median IGF-1 and postglucose GH levels. Surgical success rates were similar between patients from groups 1 (53.8%), 2 (54.1%), and 3 (36.9%), whereas only 13.3% of patients in group 4 achieved remission.

Conclusion
Normal bGH acromegaly is uncommon in real life. These patients have some distinctive features that argue against this being simply acromegaly in its early stages.


The aim of this study was to investigate the applicability of different sample tubing materials for low ozone concentration measurement. Ozone is a very unstable gas. The materials used in a measurement system have to be selected carefully. Otherwise ozone decomposition could occur on the surface of the materials, especially inside the tubing. Due to the toxicity of ozone, workplace concentration monitoring is mandatory in many countries. Any destruction of ozone on its way from the point of sample to the ozone monitor has to be prevented. Otherwise the safety monitoring system fails. Two stainless steel (SS) tubing materials were compared with a sample gas tubing made of FEP (fluorinated ethylene propylene). The FEP tubing showed no measurable ozone decomposition and thus is the material of choice for low ozone concentration measurement. On the other hand the measurements showed alarming results for the stainless steel tubing. Inside the tubing up to 100% (!) of the ozone was destroyed. For safety monitoring this is a catastrophe. The paper gives recommendations for a proper installation. Key-words: ozone decomposition, ozone measurement, UV photometry, stainless steel tubing, workplace safety, ambient ozone measurement, vent-gas measurement Introduction Measurement of low ozone concentration is trace analysis. UV photometry is the standard measurement principle for this task. Ozone is a very unstable gas. To determine the exact amount of ozone in a sample, decomposition of ozone on its way from the sample point to the ozone monitor has to be prevented [1]. Therefore, the materials used in a measurement system have to be selected carefully. The measurement system consists of the ozone monitor itself, the particle filter, the tubing etc.. This paper focuses on the material of the sample gas tubing. In many industrial applications, e.g. drinking water treatment plants, the use of stainless steel tubing for ambient or vent ozone measurement is still mandatory, although the risk of ozone decomposition on metal surfaces has often been described [2]. Ozone is a toxic gas. In many countries regulations require the workplace ozone concentration never to exceed 0.1 ppmv. In the United States OSHA has established a Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) of 0.1 ppmv TWA (8 hour Time Weighted Average) [3]. In addition OSHA recommends a STEL (15 minute Short Term Exposure Limit) of 0.3 ppmv. Normally the STEL is used for an ozone generator power shutdown [4]. Ambient ozone monitors are used for TLV (Threshold Limit Value) monitoring. Another typical application of low ozone concentration measurement is often referred to "Vent-Gas Measurement". In a water treatment plant the off-gas from the ozone contactor will be destroyed by a heated catalytic destruct. This vented "off-gas post destruct" or vent-gas must also comply with OSHA standard. Elevated ozone concentration in the vent-gas indicates a failing destruct unit. Both measurements, the safety monitoring and the vent-gas measurement as well, depend on accurate and reliable ozone concentration measurement. The paper will show how the use of inappropriate tubing material could cause dramatic decomposition of ozone in the sample gas line. IOA-EA3G Conference, Barcelona, Spain – 28 June – 3 July, 2015 Material and Methods Tubing Specimens Different types of stainless steel and FEP tubing were used for the study (Table 1). The stainless steel tubing specimens were cleaned for oxygen service by the manufacturers. specimen no. manufacturer material tube OD tube wall specification 1 Dockweiler stainless steel 316L (1.4401) 1/4" (6.35mm) 0.065" (1.65mm) TCC, chemical cleaned (ASTM A632-S3) 2 Swagelok stainless steel 316Ti (1.4571) 1/4" (6.35mm) 0.065" (1.65mm) oil-free 3 SMC FEP 1/4" (6.35mm) 0.047" (1.2mm) transparent Table 1: Tubing specimens Experimental Setup Figure 1 shows the experimental setup used for the study. Ozone was produced from room air by a small ozone generator using a UV lamp with a wavelength of 185 nm (BMT AOS-1). Two measurements upstream (A) and downstream (B) of the tubing were used to evaluate the ozone decomposition inside the tubing. The measurements were taken by an ambient ozone monitor BMT 932-3 (three channel). The use of a single multichannel ambient monitor removed the possibility of any differences in measurements at point A and point B to be attributed to two different monitors. The particle filter upstream of sample point A prevents contamination of the tubing inner wall. The particle filter is one of the most important elements of an ambient or vent-gas ozone monitoring system. Every decontamination or impurity, e.g. dust, inside the tubing could cause dramatic decomposition of ozone. The result would be a partial or complete malfunction of the monitoring system. thermal mass flow meter air pump particle filter BMT AOS-1 ozone generator


To the Editor: In the March 2006 issue of the Journal, Marchini et al.1 provided a comprehensive description of phasing algorithms for inference of individual haplotypes from unphased genotype data. They stated that an unresolved question is "whether and, if so, how best to use inferred haplotypes in downstream analyses."1(p.448) The question is important because knowledge of individual haplotypes is rarely an end in itself. We offer our perspective on this issue, particularly in the context of (case-control) association studies.


Lesions of A2 neurons in the commissural nucleus tractus solitarii (cNTS) facilitate the recovery of hemorrhage‐induced hypotension. In the present study we investigated the effects of intracerebroventricular (icv) injections of losartan (AT1 receptor antagonist) on the recovery of arterial pressure (AP) after hemorrhage (4 blood withdrawals, 2 ml/rat, every 10 min) in conscious A2‐lesioned rats. Thirty days before tests, male Holtzman rats (280–320 g) received an injection into the cNTS of anti‐dopamine‐beta‐hydroxilase‐saporin (A2 lesion; 12.6 ng/60 nl, n=6–8) or IgG‐saporin (sham; 12.6 ng/60 nl, n=5–7). Seven and 1 day before tests rats also received an icv cannula and femoral artery and vein catheters, respectively. After the 4th blood withdrawal, hypotension was similar in both A2‐lesioned and sham rats (−62±7 and −73±7 mmHg, respectively). The A2‐lesioned rats treated with saline icv rapidly recovered from hypotension (−7±2 mmHg 20 min later), while sham rats did not completely recover from hypotension (−20±3 mmHg at 60 min). Losartan (100 μg/1 μl) icv did not affect AP in sham rats, however it abolished the recovery of AP in A2‐lesioned rats in the first 30 min of test (−24 ± 6 mmHg). The results suggest that the facilitatory effects of A2 lesions of the cNTS on the recovery of AP after hemorrhage depend, at least partially, on the activation of central angiotensinergic mechanisms.


A self‐tuning of the Q‐parameterization transfer matrix is presented in order to combine off‐line nominal optimal control with on‐line adaptation. A direct predictive adaptive algorithm is used in a 2DOF version to cope also with tracking problems. The algorithm is derived by solving a suitably receding horizon problem and a local convergence analysis is carried out. Simulations for both regulation and tracking problems are presented.


Seismic attributes are robust tools in interpretation of stratigraphic phenomena. Use of seismic attributes helps us to detect geological events which normally cannot be revealed in the seismic sections (such as channels). Channels filled with porous rocks and surrounded in a nonporous matrix play important role in stratigraphic explorations. Although coherence attribute and other edge-sensitive attributes are among the most popular tools of mapping channel boundaries, they are relatively insensitive to channel thickness. In contrast, instantaneous spectral attributes obtained using spectral decomposition due to sensitivity to variation of channel thickness can be used to delineate channel thickness. In this paper, we studied the utility of instantaneous spectral attributes extracted from spectral decomposition methods in detection of channels in one of the southwest Iran oil fields. We utilized combination of instantaneous spectral attributes with seismic coherence in order to better reveal channels. The results showed that the composite plots from combination of instantaneous spectral attributes and coherence illustrate the channel boundaries and thickness.


Abstract It is argued that the field of comparative and international education must be fundamentally reconceptualised and redeveloped in ways that better demonstrate its potential to contribute to: (I) the improvement of educational policy and practice world‐wide; and (2) advances in theoretical work relating specifically to education and to the social sciences more generally. Traditional strengths of the field upon which we can build are identified, but the discussion focuses upon the nature, significance and potential of emergent trends and new possibilities. This meta‐analysis is presented to stimulate and widen discussion and to help generate further avenues for future research and development. Particular attention is given to the research orientation and potential of our multidisciplinary field; to the implications of globalisation; to the challenges of post‐modern and post‐colonial perspectives; to new frames of reference and units of analysis; to the significance of culture and context; to new for...


Problems connected with ordinary control rods were considered and it appears that they are essentially caused by the necessity to insert and subsequently move lengths of neutron absorber in the reactor core. Thc helical control rod, which utilizes the principle of changing effective radius rather than changing effective length, may be capable of alleviating some of these problenis. Calculations indicate that the reactivity equivalent of the helical control rod is such that adequate control may be provided with systems of reasonable size. The construction of a segment of the helical control rod and subsequent experiments demonstrate the mechanical ieasibility of such a system in that torque requirements are not excessive, and that fatigue problems may be overcome by proper hinging arrangements at absorber anchor points. A fail safe characteristic can be built into the helical control rod system by the use of external springs. In addition, control and reliability problems are simplified by the direct connection between the drive motor and control rod and the elimination of the necessity for converting rotary motion to linear motion. (auth)


【Objective】 The purpose of this experiment is to study the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of Vriesea cultivars and establish their DNA fingerprints,which will provide some guidance for crossbreeding and cultivar identification of ornamental bromeliads in Vriesea.【Method】 Inter-simple sequence repeat(ISSR)was conducted to assess the genetic diversity of 41 Vriesea cultivars and the DNA fingerprints of the cultivars were established.【Result】Among the 41 Vriesea cultivars,12 ISSR primers produced 132 loci,of which 125 were polymorphisms,and the percentage of polymorphic loci was up to 94.70%.The average value of the effective number of alleles,Nei's genetic diversity and Shannon's information index was 1.5311,0.3101 and 0.4668,respectively.The similarity coefficient between the 41 Vriesea cultivars ranged from 0.3561 to 0.9394.Based on the unweighted pari group method with arithmetic average(UPGMA) and ISSR molecular markers,the 41 Vriesea cultivars were divided into two groups at the similarity coefficient of 0.601.In addition,the DNA fingerprints for the Vriesea cultivars were established by 4 polymorphic ISSR primers.【Conclusion】There existed abundant genetic diversity among 41 Vriesea cultivars and their relationships were significantly correlated with leaf stripe.ISSR molecular markers could be effectively used in genetic diversity and fingerprint analysis for Vriesea cultivars.


Objective To develope energic spectrum of super-large solar particle events (SPE),human body model and a Monte Carlo method for estimating the organ dose of astronauts in SPE without the shielding of geomagnetic field. Methods A voxel-based human phantom and shielding model of spacecraft were developed and the Monte Carlo program was compiled and applied to calculate the doses of astronaut's organs with the transport protons of the spectra of super-large SPEs in 1956 and 1972, normalized by the proton fluence for energy greater than 30 MeV. Results The Monte Carlo program was developed successfully and the organ dose under different shielding thickness were also calculated with the program in the normalized spectra of SPEs in 1956 and 1972 without the effects of geomagnetic field. They were similar with prior studies. Conclusion The results are reliable by the comparison with other calculations of prior researchers. Exposure to super-large SPE without the shielding of geomagnetic field would result in a very large organ absorbed dose and may be very danger for manned spaceflight.


ABSTRACT We reviewed time to detection for 35,500 blood cultures collected in BacT/ALERT FA and FN bottles. In the first 3 days of incubation, 97.5% of the 2,609 clinically significant isolates were detected, suggesting that routine incubation for more than 3 days may not be necessary for FA and FN bottles.


Experimental results show that the measurement and interpretation of short-channel effects (SCE) are misleading in advanced SOI MOSFETs. Part of SCE is due to the parasitic contribution of the back gate via channel coupling. We demonstrate that the contributions of each gate to the overall SCE can be discriminated. Numerical simulations indicate that their mutual relevance depends on the transistor architecture. A pragmatic biasing method is proposed for the reduction of charge sharing and DIBL effects. We present a simple model which is effective in decorrelating the genuine SCE at each gate and can be advantageously applied to device optimization.


The invention relates to a helicopter rotor plate type damper, which belongs to the technical field of multi-layer cutting viscoelastic dampers and relates to the improvement on helicopter rotor viscoelastic dampers. The helicopter rotor plate type damper comprises five rigid plates and four layers of rubber plates positioned among the five rigid plates and is characterized in that: the five rigid plates are flat plates parallel to one another; a run-through long groove extending up and down is formed on the five rigid plates and the four layers of rubber plates [50]; and a compression limiting mechanism consisting of a left pressing plate [60a], a right pressing plate [60b] and two compression bolt components [70] is arranged on the five rigid plates and the four layers of rubber plates [50]. The helicopter rotor plate type damper meets the damping requirement of a large-tonnage helicopter rotor system, is convenient to process, and has low cost, small mounting area and overload limiting capacity.


Facebook, which has over 800 million active users, is transforming how hundreds of millions of people interact and exchange information. As social scientists examine the influence of Facebook on social life, a fast rising body of study has accompanied the stratospheric development of Facebook. Furthermore, scholars have acknowledged Facebook's potential as a unique tool for In a realistic situation, monitor behaviour, test theories, and recruit volunteers. Facebook research, on the other hand, Results from a wide range of fields have been published in a number of publications and conference proceedings .It's challenging to keep track of all of the discoveries. And, because Facebook is such a new phenomena, there is a lot of ambiguity. There is still debate over the best efficient techniques to do Facebook research. The authors undertook a study to address these concerns. 412 relevant papers were found after a thorough literature search, and they were divided into five categories: a descriptive examination Users motives for using Facebook, identity presentation, Facebook's function in social interactions, and privacy are all discussed.as well as information disclosure. The literature review serves as a framework for evaluating current results and making recommendations. Proposals for future study on Facebook and online social networks in general to the field.


The author writes about the death of her father, her period of mourning for him during the Arab tradition of 40 days, and the surprising results that followed.


Abstract On 16 November 1963, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service Fish Farming Experimental Station at Stuttgart, Arkansas, became the first institution to import grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) into the United States. This introduction was the result of at least seven years of effort to find an effective biological control for problematic aquatic weeds. The introduction was in keeping with a strong environmental and political mandate of that day to replace the broad use of chemicals with biological controls. For about 10 years, federal and state agencies and university systems strongly promoted introductions, spawning, and nationwide stocking of the grass carp. In 1966, the USFWS laboratory at Stuttgart, Arkansas, was apparently responsible for the first accidental release of grass carp to the environment. By 1972, grass carp were stocked in open water systems, documented in 16 states, and established in the Mississippi River system. All this occurred before the first private-sector commercial produ...


The interaction topology among the constituents of a complex network plays a crucial role in the network's evolutionary mechanisms and functional behaviors. However, some network topologies are usually unknown or uncertain. Meanwhile, coupling delays are ubiquitous in various man-made and natural networks. Hence, it is necessary to gain knowledge of the whole or partial topology of a complex dynamical network by taking into consideration communication delay. In this paper, topology identification of complex dynamical networks is investigated via generalized synchronization of a two-layer network. Particularly, based on the LaSalle-type invariance principle of stochastic differential delay equations, an adaptive control technique is proposed by constructing an auxiliary layer and designing proper control input and updating laws so that the unknown topology can be recovered upon successful generalized synchronization. Numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The technique provides a certain theoretical basis for topology inference of complex networks. In particular, when the considered network is composed of systems with high-dimension or complicated dynamics, a simpler response layer can be constructed, which is conducive to circuit design. Moreover, it is practical to take into consideration perturbations caused by control input. Finally, the method is applicable to infer topology of a subnetwork embedded within a complex system and locate hidden sources. We hope the results can provide basic insight into further research endeavors on understanding practical and economical topology inference of networks.


History texts are not just disciplinary artefacts for describing, explaining or making arguments about the past. They play a key
 role in defining present-day group identities and their terms of affiliation. As such, they have generated a great deal of
 interest among functional linguists interested in how ideology is construed through language. But the ways history texts evaluate
 the past is not straightforward; they include a complex interplay of discourse participants putting forward a range of views
 toward the subject-matter. This article presents a framework for investigating evaluative meaning in historical discourse that
 aims to untangle this complex web of voices, showing how they work together to position readers to take up particular views toward
 the past. The framework brings together two prominent approaches to the study of evaluation: Martin & White's (2005) Appraisal framework and Hunston's (2000)
 notions of Status Value and Relevance. It posits four levels of evaluation (inter-, super-, extra- and meta-evaluation) that are
 grounded in insights from the field of historiography and reflect key disciplinary activities of historians.


This empirical study aims to find out teachers' roles in web-based autonomous English classes.Questionnaires and interviews show that teachers are expected to play various roles:advocate,counsellor,monitor,evaluator and mental coordinator.Although teachers and students share the same beliefs concerning the teachers' roles,there's a substantial gap between students' expectation and teachers' practices.The gap results from the traditional teaching beliefs,teaching model,teaching methods,the way of evaluation and teachers' qualities.Suggestions are made from the following five aspects:setting up new beliefs,enhancing teachers' qualities,instructing learning strategies,reforming monitor and evaluation process,attaching importance to students' mental and affective health.


This paper proposes a rectangular-type linear dc motor (LDM) that consists of only six components, including the parts of the position detector. Cubic permanent magnets were found to be suitable for the LDM, and their magnetization characteristics were larger than those of cylindrical permanent magnets. Acetal resin slide bearings were used for the support mechanism. The driving characteristics of the manufactured LDM were as follows:1. The maximum static thrust of the LDM was 1.59 newtons.2. The linearity of the capcitance-type position detector was ±1.5%.3. When the LDM was controlled by using the PD control circuit, the positioning error and settling time were ±4% and 30 ms, respectively.4. The maximum response frequency of the LDM was 9 Hz.


This essay contributes to contact theory as it has been developed in economic analysis, particularly in the context of the firm. It develops a general model of the firm, and then analyzes in greater depth the financial structure of firms, debt collecting and bankruptcy.


Making DSpace 1.5 Your Own: Customization tips & tricks / Tim Donohue -- DSpace Global Outreach Committee Update / Valerie Hollister -- Wrap Up / Next Steps / Rea Devakos ; Michele Kimpton ; Urban Andersson.


The authors have found a significant positive correlation between wives' (but not husbands') neuroticism scores and the degree to which the couple is apart on Lanyon's extraversionintroversion scale. Further correlations suggest fewer intimate communications and agreements between highly diverging couples. It is theorized that this constellation of factors leads to higher neuroticism in wives than in husbands.


Hannah Arendt, in 1945, wrote that the problem of evil was to be 'the fundamental question of post-war intellectual life in Europe'.11Arendt (1994) p 134 quoted in Hirvonen and Porttikivi (2010) p ...


Civil Aviation is one of the most growing up industries around the world, which consumes large amounts of fossil fuel in its various operations such as takeoff, landing, power generation and each other ground services. This makes determination of emissions inventory from its sources for airports transaction very important to determine the effects of gaseous emissions and airport footprint. One of those airports is Cairo International Airport which is the major airport in Egypt and is going on to expand its operations and strategic plans aiming to become a large hub airport in the Middle East. This paper is calculating the emissions from the Airport sources (Aircraft movement, ground services, landside traffic and secondary power generators) by using the mathematical calculation for their emission factor. It was found that the most affected area is the area near runway end 05C which is near to Nasr city district and there are high traffic movements in comparison to the total passenger movement which is around77624 movement/year, and this number represents 52.8% of the total LTO Cycles in the airport. This makes it the most polluted area; thus, there is a need to redistribute the movements between the runways 05C, 05L and 05R.The traffic movements (245,000 vehicle/day) is very high in comparison to the total passenger movements which is 16 Million passenger/Year (about 43,836 passenger/day), this makes the underground an effective environmental control measure


The temperature automatic control system based on Single - Chip Microcomputer is described in the article including system scheme, theoretical analysis, hardware and software system testing, the main technical performance parameters. The system use microprocessor 89C51 to collect and control temperature in real time, so the hardware is simplify and easy to make. Temperature is supplied by a converter ADC0809 and an AD590. The output circuit uses different color LED to show every kind temperature. The input signal is feed with a ten - bit switch. The system uses a three - bit LED to display the real temperature. It fits the demand by that testing, and the system has better accuracy of measure and control.


The process of modernization of the content of general education in the domestic pedagogy of the 20th century is characterized in the article. The dialectic of interaction of two fundamental paradigms in the development of theoretical foundations of the content of general education is considered: Cognitive Paradigm and Development Paradigm. The article presents an interpretation of approaches to the definition and formation of the content of general education in the theories and concepts of domestic scientists pedagogues during the twentieth century.


Utilize the UV-B radiation strength datum of five-test place in Yunnan province,which located in different latitude and different elevation but similarly in the same longitude. At the same time plant primula as experimental material,then determine the content of MDA and soluble protein in plant leaves,analysis the effects of the low latitude and high elevation region's UV-B radiation on the content of MDA and soluble protein. The results shows that from February to May the UV-B radiation strength was increased,the maximum appeared in Lijiang(12.90 w·m-2 in May);the low latitude and high elevation region's UV-B radiation was much higher than high latitude and low elevation region's;the primula leaves content of MDA was much higher during Match and April,but the higher content of soluble protein appeared in February and April. The result shows that:with the increase of the UV-B radiation strength,the content on MDA increased at first and then; in higher UV-B radiation region the content of MDA was also higher;during different physiology time the content of MDA showing difference,the higher content emerge in flowering and fruiting duration;but with the variation of UV-B radiation strength the change of the soluble protein showing diversity in test place;during different physiology time the content of soluble protein showing variant,the higher content emerge in flowering period.


SOC WK 2000 Social Work and Social Issues: 3 semester hours Prerequisites: SOC 1010 or PSYCH 1003. Examination of the network of social programs and services developed in response to social problems in modern urban communities and the various roles and functions performed by the helping professions. Students will be introduced to basic values, skills, and training involved in a helping relationship as well as the characteristics of clients seeking help and professionals engaged in the helping process.


This article provides a historical and philosophical analysis of the intellectual thought supporting ecological systems theory and the person-in-environment model. It offers a critique outlining both strengths and shortcomings by analyzing the claims to validity upon which the theory rests. These claims rest on an analogy with various theories empirically established in the natural sciences; as such, validity claims rest heavily upon the emphasis of humans' continuity with animals. Consequently, the claims' shortcomings arise from their inability to address adequately issues arising from qualities that make humans distinct from animals—such as language and its impact upon culture, history, human relationships, and our ability to construct our environment and thus do more than simply interact with the environment.


Finland Academic dissertation To be publicly discussed, with the permission of the medical Faculty of the University of This thesis is based on the following original articles, which are referred to in the text by their Roman numerals. Some unpublished data are also presented.


In the 1990s, GE's Dry Low NOx (DLN) technology helped E-class industrial gas turbines with the DLN1 combustor achieve single-digit NOx emissions. Today more than 730 DLN1 systems are installed worldwide. Recent advances in the technology achieve ultra-low single-digit NOx emissions well below 5 ppm. This paper summarizes the development history of DLN1, the operating experience of DLN1 and the recent technical advancements made to enable DLN1+ to achieve low single digit NOx emissions on 7E and 6B engines. Field validation performance results of the systems in commercial operation will be shared as well as a summary of fuel-flexibility results for the DLN1 and DLN1+ systems.Copyright © 2011 by ASME


The utility model relates to a water distributor for box-type planted vegetables, and belongs to the field of agricultural planting. The water distributor can effectively overcome the unhygienic, ungraceful and uneven defects when edible plants or ornamental plants are planted on a balcony through a flowerpot or a packaging box. The water distributor comprises water grooves communicated with one another. The bottoms of the water grooves are provided with water distribution holes. Water distribution pipes are connected to the positions below the water distribution holes and are evenly provided with water leakage holes. When the vegetables are planted through a planting box, the planting box is filled with a prepared planting base material; the water distribution pipes are evenly pressed into the base material, the water grooves are exposed out of the base material and flush with a planting box opening, the base material is firmly punched, and vegetable seedlings are evenly planted on the base material. When watering and fertilization need to be conducted, water or fertilizer liquid of proper concentration is poured into the water grooves, and the water or the fertilizer liquid evenly seeps to all positions of the planting box through the water distribution holes, the water distribution pipes and water seepage holes.


Cosmological puzzles are usually tackled by studying distant objects. A recent meeting considered the ways in which observations of nearby galaxies can add to the picture.


The reaction of 4-aminopyridine and oleum yielded the title hydrated zwitterion, C5H6N2O3S·H2O. There are two formula units in the asymmetric unit. The H and non-H atoms of both zwitterions lie on a mirror plane except for one sulfonate O atom. The water molecules are also situated on a mirror plane. In the crystal, the zwitterions and water molecules are linked by O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating a three-dimensional network.


Abstract Oxidation reactions are one of the main reasons for the failure of polymeric materials. Antioxidants, compounds designed to protect against oxidation, must meet three main requirements for success: (1) an efficient antioxidative mechanism, (2) compatibility with the oxidizing polymer, and (3) permanence Within the oxidizing polymer. Common antioxidants are low molecular weight materials that can easily diffuse, leach, or evaporate from the polymer they are designed to protect. An increase in the molecular weight of the antioxidant not only decreases diffusion and volatility, but also decreases compatibility since most high molecular weight polymers will not mix. Selective sterically hindered phenolics, however, are concurrently antioxidants and "compatibilizers" through hydrogen bond formation. Carefully designed copolymers containing a small percentage of 2,6-diisopropyl-4-vinylphenol were found to mix intimately with two readily oxidizing polyethers and to protect them against oxidation.


Scientific research is one of the major functions of the university. Without it, the university becomes an educational school for science and knowledge produced by others, and not a center for creativity, development, enrichment and dissemination of knowledge to employ it to tackle the various problems encountered by society. The scientific research carried out by universities is also one of the most significance indicators of quality and excellence in the ranking of universities locally and internationally. The more distinguished the university is with its scientific research, the more this contributes to the development of its educational programs and various scientific activities.


The litany of social dysfunction is now familiar. The rates of violent crime are higher than they have ever been: Americans kill and maim one another at per-capita rates an order of magnitude higher than other industrialized nations. The rate of marriage has been generally declining and the rate of illegitimacy hits new highs each year. Tens of thousands of children have no fathers and no family member or close acquaintance who has a regular job. This pattern is now repeating into a second and third generation. Illiteracy is becoming a problem and schools have so lost authority that the accepted response to armed pupils is to install metal detectors. Senator Moynihan in a celebrated article recently pointed out how we cope with social disintegration by redefining deviancy, so that crimes become "normal" behavior. How did we arrive at this condition? There's no short answer, but I have come increasingly to believe that my own profession – psychology –bears a large part of the blame. The story began many years ago, when psychology defined itself as a science. By thus anointing itself, psychology gained great prestige. People accepted with little demur prescriptions that would earlier have been condemned on moral grounds. Don't spank your child. Don't attempt to deter sexual exploration by young people – deterrence is probably bad and will certainly fail. Punishment is ineffective and should be replaced by positive reinforcement. Self-esteem is good, social stigma bad. It is not clear that this advice was all wrong. What is clear, and what I will show in this article, is that it was not based on science. Some questions about behavior can be answered – either now or in the future – through


This study examines the ability of a storm-scale numerical weather prediction (NWP) model to predict precipitation and mesovortices within a tornadic mesoscale convective system that occurred over Oklahoma on 8-9 May 2007, when the model is initialized from ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) analyses including data from 4 CASA X-band and 5 WSR-88D S-band radars. Ensemble forecasts are performed and probabilistic forecast products generated, focusing on prediction of radar reflectivity (a proxy of quantitative precipitation) and mesovortices (an indication of tornado potential). The ensemble assimilating data from both CASA and WSR-88D radars and using a mixed-microphysics ensemble during data assimilation produces the best probabilistic meso-vortex forecast. The use of multiple microphysics schemes within the ensemble aims to address at least partially the model physics uncertainty and effectively plays a role of flow-dependent inflation (in precipitation regions) during EnKF data assimilation. The ensemble predicts with high probability (approximately 0.65) the near-surface meso-vortex associated with the first of three reported tornadoes. Though a bias toward stronger precipitation is noted in the ensemble forecasts, all experiments produce skillful probabilistic forecasts of radar reflectivity on a 0-3 hour timescale as evaluated by multiple probabilistic verification metrics. These results suggest that both inclusion of CASA radar data and use of a mixed-microphysics ensemble during EnKF data assimilation positively impact the skill of 2-3 hour ensemble forecasts of mesovortices, despite having little impact on the quality of precipitation forecasts (analyzed in terms of predicted radar reflectivity), and are an important step toward an operational EnKF-based ensemble analysis and probabilistic forecast system to support convective-scale warn-on-forecast operations.


Diels Alder reaction of 4-bromophenylquinone (Br-PQ) with anthracene, followed by reduction affords the desired 4'-bromophenyl triptycene-2,5-diol (T-Br-PH). The described synthesis represents a simple and efficient method for the construction of a triptycene ring with a bromophenyl pendant. The intermediate and the final compound (T-Br-PH) have been characterized by elemental analysis, NMR, and LCMS techniques.


We describe a dynamic shape feature method to identify the lesion present in the retina. Diabetic retinopathy [DR] happens when these small blood vessels leak blood and different liquids. [4] This makes the retinal tissue swell, bringing about overcast or obscured vision. A PC supported screening and reviewing framework depends on the programmed discovery of injuries is required for Screening of diabetic retinopathy. DR show dim lesions, for example, Micro aneurysms (MA) and haemorrhages (HE) and bright lesions, such as, exudates and cotton-fleece spots. [6] The existing systems utilized normal strategies, for example, adaptive fuzzy thresholding [10] However, after finding the detected vessels, these lesions are lost and not recovered in resulting handling and gives less characterization precision.. Automatic detection of both microaneurysms , haemorrhages and exudates in color fundus image is described and validated based on new set of shape features called dynamic shape features (Elongation, eccentricity, circularity, solidity, rectangularity) that do not require precise segmentation of the regions to be classified. These features represent the evolution of the shape during image flooding and allow discriminating between lesions and vessel segments. Finally machine learning technique random forest classifier is used to classify the diabetic retinopathy type based on dynamic shape features.


Background: This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practices toward the use of emergency contraceptive pills among females aged 15-25 years in Tororo general hospital, Tororo district. The specific objectives of the study were to determine the: knowledge, attitude, and practices towards the use of emergency contraceptive pills among females aged 15-25 years. Methodology: The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design with a simple random technique as the sampling technique on a sample of 50 respondents. Data was collected using questionnaires with semi-structured and open-ended questions written in the English language; data was later analyzed manually and presented in tables, bar graphs, and pie charts using Microsoft word. Results: Practices towards the use of emergency contraceptive pills showed that the majority (82%) of the respondents preferred having unprotected sex, most (64%) of the respondents have never used emergency contraceptive pills, and among the respondents who have ever used ECPs, most (68%) of them used postinor, most (60%) obtained the ECPs from a pharmacy and more than half (56%) used the ECPs once in a month. Conclusion: Generally, the researcher concluded that the knowledge about emergency contraceptive pills is inadequate. The attitude towards the use of the ECPs is not good since most respondents thought they were unsafe for usage and also thought it was not effective in the prevention of unwanted pregnancies, the practices towards the use of emergency contraceptive pills are also not good since most of the respondents have never used ECPs at all. Recommendation: The researcher recommended that; Tororo general hospital administration should sensitize and create awareness about the use of emergency contraceptive pills to create a better attitude and increase practices toward using the EC.


A high-quality Si nanodisk superlattice is fabricated by our top-down process. For the first time, a 3D finite element method (FEM) is developed to calculate energy band structure, optical and electrical properties, as well as the intermediate band solar cell (IBSC) operation for the realistic structure. Both the experiments and simulations reveal that miniband formation enhances the optical and electrical collections. Consequently, detailed electronic structure and conversion efficiency are examined to guide optimal design of minibands. A theoretically predicted maximal efficiency of the explored Si nanodisk superlattice is 50.3%, which is promising, compared with well-known complicated Si tandem solar cells.


Abstract. Nitrate leaching and pasture (Lolium perenne / Trifolium repens) yields were measured on monolith lysimeters (80 cm diam. × 120 cm depth) of a Templeton sandy loam soil (Udic Ustochrept), following repeated applications of dairy shed effluent (DSE) or ammonium fertilizer (NH4Cl), under spray (50 mm/month) or flood (100 mm/month) irrigation. Applications of DSE at 400 kg N/ha per annum resulted in significantly less nitrate leaching (8–25 kg N/ha per yr) compared with NH4Cl (28–48kg N/ha per yr) (P < 0.01). Over the two year period, the total mineral N (predominantly nitrate) leached was equivalent to 2.5–3.7% of the total N applied in the DSE and 8.7–9.8% of the N applied in the NH4Cl. There was a trend of slightly less nitrate leaching under the flood irrigation than under the spray irrigation, probably because of the greater potential for denitrification under the wetter conditions. Average nitrate concentrations in the leachate were generally below the drinking water standard except in the NH4Cl treatment under spray irrigation where it averaged 10 mg NO3‐N/l over the two year period. DSE was equally as effective as NH4Cl in stimulating pasture dry matter production. Annual nitrogen uptakes were similar for the DSE (343 kg N/ha) and NH4Cl (332–344kg N/ha) treatments in the first year but were higher in the DSE (361–412 kg N/ha) than in the NH4Cl (324–340 kg N/ha) treatments in the second year. Pasture uptakes of phosphorus and sulphur were also higher in the DSE than in the NH4Cl treatments in the second year. The results emphasize the need to set different regulatory limits for land application of organic wastes of various types and for N fertilizers.


In this study, some symmetrical and non-symmetrical urea derivatives (13-22) have been synthesized from substituted phenethylamines (8-12) with carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) under mild conditions. For this purpose, substituted phenethylamines were reacted with carbonyldiimidazole in water, and after the formation of the imidazolide intermediate, the corresponding products (13-22) have been synthesized in yields between 43% - 66% by giving a second substituted phenethylamine (8-12). For this purpose, substituted phenethylamines were reacted with carbonyldiimidazole in water, and after the formation of the imidazolide intermediate, the corresponding products (13-22) have been synthesized in yields between 43% - 66% by giving a second substituted phenethylamine (8-12).


Recently cases of carinal resection have increased. We have performed 6 carinal resections; 5 for lung cancer and 1 for tuberculous stenosis. Sleeve pneumonectomy was carried out in 4 cases. In the remaining 2 cases, the trachea was sutured to the right bronchus intermedius and to the left main bronchus.Right posterolateral incision was made in 4 cases and median sternotomy was made in 2 cases. Median sternotomy is the favorable incision for selected cases. Three of the 6 patients who underwent carinal resections died within a month, 1 died of myocardial infarction, 1 died of disruption of suture line and 1 died of pneumonia.One case with Y-shaped reconstrution died of massive hemoptysis during laser surgery to the granulation tissue at the anastomotic site. Autopsy revealed bronchopulmonary arterial fistula.In carinal resections complications frequently occur, postoperative mortality rate is high and the number of long-term survivors is small as compared to that with standard resections. Postoperative management is very important.


Sequence specific‐differential display (SS‐DD) is a powerful method for screening significant changes in gene expression between normal and malignant tissues. Using this method, we detected 3 genes for which the expression is much decreased in thyroid tumors. After sub‐cloning and sequencing analysis, one of the genes was revealed to be acid ceramidase (AC). The expression of AC in normal thyroids and thyroid tumors was examined by semi‐quantitative reverse‐transcription‐polymerase‐chain‐reaction (RT‐PCR). Obvious decreases in the expression of AC mRNA were observed in 5/6 follicular adenomas, 2/2 adenomatous goiters, 3/6 papillary carcinomas and 1/2 follicular carcinomas. To confirm this result, real‐time quantitative PCR analysis (TaqMan PCR) was carried out. The relative expression level of AC mRNA compared with that of GAPDH mRNA was reduced in follicular adenomas, follicular carcinomas, and papillary carcinomas. Further, the expression of AC mRNA was extremely reduced in 2 anaplastic carcinomas. These results suggest a possible relationship between thyroid tumorigenesis and the expression of AC mRNA. Moreover, the increased expression of AC mRNA in normal thyroid tissues suggests some fundamental roles of AC in thyroid function. Int. J. Cancer 81:700–704, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


In vol. iv., No. 3, November, 1871, of this Journal, I published a paper on the "Treatment of Vascular Naevi with the Actual Cautery," and related therein several cases in which the most satis factory results followed that method of removal, or rather destruc tion ; and having since operated many times in like manner, I will adhere to the views therein expressed of its advantages and grati fying results. During the last two years, however, I have had opportunities of witnessing the use of, as well as using myself, the galvanic cautery in various operations, when it is "par excellence" the best means at the command of the surgeon. Having possessed myself of an apparatus, I have used it many times for the destruction of nsevi —in some of which other methods, excepting the actual cautery, had proved unsatisfactory—with unfaling success and most grati fying results. As many surgeons still seem undecided as to the best means for removing this not uncommon noilgenital disease, many still ad hering to the oldest and most unsatisfactory methods, I deem it not inadvisable fo add my testimony in favor of a method that at least one high authority, Dr. Maas, of Breslau,* pronounces to be followed by the best results, and is much safer than the injection of iron or other coagulating fluid. This opinion he arrived at after having used the galvanic cautery in 112 cases with the following results: Capillary naevus—cured, 32 ; improved, 1. Cavernous or venous naevus—cured, 72; improved, 8; died, 3. A rterial or racemose naevus—cured, 2; improved, 1. Ncevus com bined with other tumors—cured, 6; improved, 1: result unknown, 2.


The installed solar energy capacity increased in Brazil up to 169% from 2018 to 2019. Although photovoltaic systems do not require deep maintenance, the efficiency of photovoltaic modules is decreased from 0.40 to 0.50% for each °C gained in the operating temperature. Thus, depending on the environmental conditions, a cooling system is necessary to increase the durability and efficiency of the project. The present work analyzes the generation of an installed photovoltaic module (PV module) and performs a theoretical and numerical study for the system's thermal behavior, depending on the experimental conditions, including the impact of adding extended surfaces (fins) on the average module temperature. The passive cooling system consists of 36 L-shaped aluminum fins arranged in the central region on the backside surface of the PV module. The theoretical model for predicting the temperature of the PV module without a coupled cooling system was satisfactory compared with the values obtained experimentally; the numerical model presented similar results to the experimental ones, validating the simulation. A reduction in the average temperature of the module was observed with the use of fins as a passive cooling system (an average temperature reduction of 8 °C, in the analytical study, corroborated by a reduction of 8.8 °C in the numerical simulation compared to the experimental data).


Continuous spread of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) and availability of limited resources force the severity-based allocation of resources. While it is essential to have a reliable severity assessment method, it is even more critical to have a prognosis model to estimate infection progress in individuals. An accurate estimate of infection progression would naturally help in optimized treatment and morbidity reduction. We aim at the prognosis of the COVID-19 infections including, ground-glass opacities, consolidation, and pleural effusion, from the longitudinal chest X-ray (CXR) images of the patient. For this purpose, we first propose a learning-based framework that predicts infection type from a given CXR image. This helps in finding low dimensional embeddings of CXR images, which we use in a recurrent learning framework to predict the type of infection for the subsequent days. We achieve a test AUC of 0.85 for infection type prediction and a test AUC of 0.88 for prognosis on the benchmark COVID-19 dataset.


A rendezvous by a space probe with an asteroid will allow the composition of the asteroid to be studied in great detail. Since some "asteroids" are the cores of extinct comets, such spacecraft will also permit the properties of these mysterious objects to be clarified.


A decade from 1920 to. 1930 is considered the golden era in the history of the United States of America.. The American economy after the Second World War entered a period of exceptional prosperity. In the following ten years the production was continuously rising and. the living standard improving especially the middle class standard, which caused the emergence of the new ideology of consumer society. The growth of automobile and electronic industry directly made the life of ordinary American citizens wealthier. Many economists and historians attach great importance to these industries due to their combined effect on humankind and label their growth as the Second Industrial Revolution. A revelation of strength and true nature of new ideology of consumer society gives an answer to the key issue of this article, which is the way the American society has adopted this ideology and promoted it on the level of a new 'philosophy of life'.


OF THESIS SENSING DEVELOPMENT OF A SOYBEAN CANOPY UNDER P OR K NUTRITIONAL STRESS The normalized difference vegetative index (NDVI) has been correlated with physiological plant parameters and used to evaluate plant growth. There is little information about the use of this technique to detect soybean nutrient deficiencies. The objective of this work was to determine the ability of the NDVI sensor to detect P and K deficiencies, and grain yield reduction, in soybean. During 2010 and 2011, NDVI measurements were made on a soybean field trial site known to exhibit yield responses to both P and K nutrition. Four replicates of 8 levels each of P and K nutrition were evaluated. The NDVI measurements were made with an active proximal sensor held parallel to the soil surface every seven days after V2, and until R2. At each measurement a mean NDVI value was found for each plot. Phosphorus deficiency was detected with the first NDVI measurement. Potassium deficiency was first detected just after V4. Differences in NDVI values due to P or K nutrition increased with continued crop development. There were significant R1 leaf composition and grain yield responses to improved P or K nutrition. The active proximal sensor was able to detect soybean growth differences due to P or K deficiencies in soybean.


Dalton Athey (firstname.lastname@example.com) To facilitate the successful adoption of object technology, organizations are setting up Object Technology Centers. These workshops have been developed to provide members of such organizations a forum to discuss their respective efforts to establish OTCs and techniques they use in promoting the effective use of object technology in their organizations. The current workshop was the third annual OOPSLA workshop on the Role of a Corporate Object Technology Center in the continuing series of such workshops and was held on October 15, 1995 at Austin, Texas. The workshop followed and was influenced by the issues raised in the first Conference on Object Technology Centers held in April 1995 in Stone Mountain, Georgia. 2. PARTICIPANTS In addition to the organizers listed above, the following people participated in the workshop. In all, 14 organizations were represented in the workshop. This year's workshop consisted of 21 participants from 14 organizations. In addition to presentations on the topics of OTC Organization, Methods, Effective Organization for Leveraging OT, and Paradigms, the workshop conducted working sessions on Sharing Applied Research, Organization and Paradigm Shift Issues, and OTC Support Services. J. Paul Cooper, Jr. (Entergy, firstname.lastname@example.com) Terri Cramer (Entergy, firstname.lastname@example.com) Michael Crooks (Nortel, email@example.com) David Curry (Entergy, email@example.com) Allan Dickson (IBM, firstname.lastname@example.com) Steve Freeman (Xerox, email@example.com) Tom Guinane (IBM, firstname.lastname@example.com) Patrick Helmers (AT&T, firstname.lastname@example.com) Luke Hohmann (ObJectSpace, firstname.lastname@example.com) Thomas W. May (Texas Instruments, firstname.lastname@example.com)


Credit: Neil Spence/Alamy

Thomas Stuttaford was the medical correspondent and columnist for the Times newspaper for over 25 years. He was also an MP, medical adviser to Conservative Central Office, broadcaster, renovator of historical houses, and ornithologist, as well as a highly controversial celebrity patient (by virtue of his prostate gland) and a great believer in the healing power of a glass of red wine.

"Dr Tom" was one of those charmed men who pick up life's glittering prizes by being in the right place at the right time with the right people—particularly Harold Evans, one of his patients and then editor of the Times . Stuttaford's journalistic career spanned the explosion in health reporting over the past 40 years and the new era of mass market magazines devoted entirely to men's health, women's health, complementary medicine, and general fitness.

He maintained that the media had revolutionised the relationship between doctors and patients and told me in 1999: "I've always believed that informing patients was well done by the media. I'm not sure whether doctors would have moved down the …


Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the structural relationship among the life stress, depression, suicidal ideation of adolescent. Methods: Participants for this study included 285 students from five middle schools located in Seoul and Gyeongsangbukdo, Korea. The SPSS 18.0 program and AMOS 18.0 program were used for analysis of data. Results: The characteristics of this study were to analyze causal relationship with latent variables by considering measurement error and to grasp direct effect, indirect effect and total effect. Life stress and depression were found to be factors influencing suicidal ideation. Depression was a direct factor and life stress was a indirect factor. The effects of depression as a mediator between life stress and suicidal ideation were significant statistically. Conclusion: The findings of this study may provide useful assistance in development of effective nursing interventions for prevention and management of middle school students' suicidal ideation.