The hydrodynamic forces acting on individual ice floes are examined using a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics package. Understanding the complex fluid dynamics is of relevance to the physics of ice cover development and ice jam formation and release. The objective of this study is to examine the steady state stability of floating ice blocks that have come to rest against an intact ice cover using 3-D k-ε modelling. Preliminary results on the modeling efforts are presented with focus on a sensitivity analysis of the inlet development length, inflow boundary condition and shape of the leading edge of the ice cover on the pressure distribution beneath the ice cover.


Information on the nutrient kinetics of Asterionella formosa Hass. and Cyclotella meneghiniana Kutz. under either phosphate or silicate limitation was obtained for use in a Monod model and in a variable internal stores model of growth. Short‐term batch culture growth experiments were fit to the Monod model and long‐term semicontinuous culture experiments and short‐term uptake experiments were fit to the variable internal stores model. Mathematical analysis indicates that the parameters of the 2 models may be expressed in terms of each other at steady state.


The preservation of historic buildings, based on economic value, has long been discussed in developed countries. On the other hand, in Korea, where the history of preservation is relatively short, discussions have only recently started. Related to this, a discussion regarding the scope of buildings that need to be protected in relation to urban planning is needed. This study analyzes the Jeonju Hanok Village, a tourist destination where Hanok—the traditional Korean architectural type—is highly concentrated. The study provides evidence for the economic impact of historic building preservation with respect to rarity, experience and agglomeration, based on the price analysis of accommodations. As a result, the accommodation prices of Hanok were found to be higher despite being older. The relation between accommodation prices and building age was quadratic, which revealed that buildings that have become rare attained accommodation prices similar to new buildings. Also, it was found that the prices increased with the provision of traditional activities and meal services. Lastly, the price was higher in the area where Hanok was agglomerated. The results suggested that the preservation of buildings should not only be justified on cultural grounds but also economic grounds, based on market demand and the fact that such preservation could contribute meaningfully toward sustainable development.


Photopolymerized nanocomposite films of polystyrene and TiO2 nanorods are found to change their surface wettability characteristics in a controlled manner, depending on both the substrate used and on the number of film layers realized. The constituents of the nanocomposite solutions, namely styrene monomers and TiO2 nanorods, interact differently with the surface on which they are deposited, depending on its wettability. This interaction influences their dispersion along the depth and on the surface of the photopolymerized film, impacting on its wetting properties. We demonstrate that that the diverse amount of TiO2 nanorods exposed each time on the surface of the final film, which depends on the wettability of the surface lying underneath, is responsible for the layer-bylayer alternated surface characteristics. Moreover, due to the presence of TiO2 nanorods on the sample's surface, the wettability characteristics can be tuned in a reversible manner upon UV irradiation and vacuum storage cycles.


________________________ Characterization of an MR fluid and examination of the changes to their rheological properties under various operating conditions is important before its integration with various mechanical devices. The purpose of this study is to conduct such a characterization study on three novel MR fluids, using a commercially available fluid MRF 132AD, as a benchmark. The rheological property changes in these fluids are measured and reported at various magnetic field intensities, shear rates, strain amplitudes. Rheology of the fluids is measured and documented under both rotational and oscillatory shear conditions. A modular rheometer is used for all experimental purposes. The novel MR fluids exhibit stable rheological properties comparable to the commercial fluid and are stable under continuous deformation over a period of time. Introduction ______________________ Magnetorheological (MR) fluids are suspensions of micron sized iron particles in a viscous medium that display controllable and reversible changes in their rheological properties under externally applied magnetic fields. Each MR fluid is unique in its properties and responses to externally applied conditions. These properties are dependent on the nature, size and density of the particles, fluid structure, carrier fluids, additives, magnetic field applied and temperature among many other factors. The composition and synthesis procedure of the fluids also defines such characteristics as settling rate, which is an important consideration for MR fluid integration in various mechanical devices. When the fluid flow is normal to the direction of the applied magnetic field, the largest changes in the MR fluid properties are noted. Material Background on UNR Fluids _______________________________ Each fluid under study is unique in composition and synthesis procedure. For the purpose of this paper, the three novel MR fluids will be referred to as UNR1, UNR2 and UNR3. The compositions of the fluids, particularly the base fluid and the stabilizing polymers used for these fluid, are as mentioned below: UNR1:Ferromagnetic particles dispersed in a carrier medium of PAO, with Polyurethane as a stabilizer. UNR2: Carbonyl iron particles, surface grafted with butyl acrylate, in a carrier medium of N-octyl-pyrrolidone. UNR3: Carbonyl iron particles, surface grafted with pentafluorostyrene, in a carrier medium of N-octylpyrrolidine. MRF 132AD is the commercial benchmark fluid used in this study. The polymer coating on the iron particle surface in fluids, UNR 2 and UNR 3, has been achieved through a process called the Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP). A schematic of the polymerization in ATRP fluids is presented in Figure 1. Figure 2 and Figure 3 present the SEM images of the iron particles in the novel fluids before and after the ATRP treatment. Figure 1. A schematic of the ATRP treatment procedure Experimental Setup ___________________________________ A modular shear rheometer (Paar Physica MCR 300) having parallel plate geometry, with computer data acquisition and temperature control, is used for the test purposes. A fixed plate gap of 1mm and a fluid volume of 0.3 ml under the gap are used as standard experimental settings for all the samples tested. Figure 4 shows the shear rheometer and the arrangement schematic used. The rheological properties of the MR fluids are established under varying magnetic field intensities with temperature control. Rheological properties of MR fluids change with the external magnetic field applied, most noticeably the shear stress and viscosity. A number of oscillatory and rotational shear tests are performed to obtain a complete viscous, elastic and plastic behavior of the MR fluid. Figure 4. Modular Shear Rheometer The following properties are considered for the characterization; off state viscosity, shear yield stress, ability of the fluids to maintain a high shear stress over a period of time, viscoelastic properties and settling rate. The ability of the UNR fluids to retain high shear stress values is presented in Figure 8. The shear stress is monitored as a function of time at a shear rate of 900 [1/s]. Figure 9. log G' vs. Strain amplitude at, 0.5 rad/s 0.5 T and 250C Experimental Results ___________________________________________ The off state viscosities of the fluids under study are presented in figure 5. Low off state viscosity is desirable in MR fluids for use in devices. The off state viscosity in the polymer coated novel MR fluids can be controlled by the polymer coating fraction on the iron particles, shown in Figure 6. Figure 5. Off state viscosity as a function of shear rate at 250C A comparison of the shear yield stress of the MR fluids under study as a function of the magnetic flux density is presented in Figure 7. Shear yield stress is obtained by extrapolating the shear stress vs. shear rate curves to zero shear rates using the Bingham model. Shear yield stress is an important consideration in the design of MR devices. Figure 6. Effect of Polymer coating on Viscosity of novel MR fluids Figure 10. log G'' vs. Strain amplitude at 0.5 rad/s, 0.5 T and 250C Summary ______________________________________ The rheological properties of the various novel MR fluids are examined and reported using the commercial MR fluid MRF 132AD as a benchmark. The novel MR fluids exhibit stable and desirable rheological properties such as, low viscosity and high yield stress which are comparable to the benchmark fluid. Their ability to retain the high shear stress for long periods of time is significant. A lower particle settling on the ATRP MR fluids is a distinct advantage of the novel fluids over the commercial fluid. The settling rate of the novel MR fluids can be controlled by the percentage of polymer coating on the iron particle surface. But higher polymer fractions would result in lower yield stress. The settling rate for the MR fluid containing pure iron particles is significantly higher than the ATRP fluids. The particle settling rates of the novel fluids compared to the commercial benchmark fluid is presented in Figure 13. Figure 12. log G'' vs. Frequency at 0.05%, 0.5 T and 250C Figure 2. Pure iron particles Figure 3. ATRP treated iron particles Figure 7. Shear yield stress vs. Magnetic Flux Density at 250C. Figure 8. Shear stress vs. Time at 900 [1/s] and 250C In an external magnetic field, MR fluids change to a semi solid state. Under strain, the MR fluids exhibit viscoelastic properties. The viscoelastic properties of the fluids under consideration are studied under a strain sweep test and a frequency sweep test in the pre yield region. Figures 9 through 12 present the storage modulus and loss modulus of the fluids being studied, as functions of strain amplitude and frequency.


Connected dominating set based routing is a promising approach for enhancing the routing efficiency in wireless ad hoc networks. However, finding the minimum dominating set in an arbitrary graph is a NP-hard problem. We propose a simple and efficient distributed algorithm for constructing a connected dominating set in wireless ad hoc networks with time complexity O(n) and message complexity O(nlog n). The dominating set generated with our algorithm can be more reliable and load balanced for routing as compared with some well-known algorithms. The simulation results demonstrate that our algorithm outperforms previous work in terms of the size of the resultant connected dominating set.


1781: The Decisive Year of the Revolutionary War by Robert L. Tonsetic Philadelphia: Casemate Publishers, 2011 258 pages $32.95 [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Robert Tonsetic offers an examination of the year 1781, which he calls the decisive year of the Revolutionary War. While one might debate whether that was the decisive year--as opposed to say 1776 that saw both the political transformation of the war and the all-important survival of Washington's army--1781 was indisputably one of the most significant years of the war. Tonsetic covers both northern and southern theaters and examines strategic, operational, and tactical level events. The year opened with a rebellion in the Pennsylvania line that might have been fatal to the cause of independence, however, it ended with the British defeated in all but the formal sense of a treaty. The strategic seat of the war moved from New York, New Jersey, and Philadelphia to Virginia, the Carolinas, and Georgia. The year 1781 opened with battles in the Carolina backcountry at Cowpens (17 January) and Guilford Courthouse (March 15). Although each side won a battle, the British winning the big one, the combination proved disastrous for the Crown. Cornwallis headed for the safety of the coast and ended up at Yorktown waiting for the Royal Navy. In an act of joint and combined cooperation, the Americans' new ally France provided both an army and a navy to help isolate and besiege Yorktown. Meanwhile, the Americans managed to lose the battles but still recover control of the Carolinas and Georgia. The year ended with Cornwallis' surrender and the Americans in control of their country, with the exceptions of New York City, Charleston, Savannah, and outposts on Lake Champlain and the Great Lakes. The political debate in London to end the war lasted into 1782, and the Treaty of Paris was not signed until 3 September 1783, but the war was over in all but the most formal sense by the end of 1781. That is a good story, and Tonsetic tells it well. There is always tension in a survey like this about the ratio between generalities and details. Similarly, in a book about one year of a long war, there is also tension between providing or assuming background knowledge about the historical and strategic setting. Authors grapple with what needs explanation and what the audience should already know. Tonsetic handles these tensions ably. He moves the reader nimbly from broad brush to detailed descriptions, and a person likely to read this book will probably have the background knowledge the author assumes about armies and politics during the Revolution. …


PROFILE OF MATHEMATICAL THINKING OF MENTALLY RETARDED STUDENTS IN SLB N KALIWUNGU KUDUS. This research aims to describe the profile of mathematical thinking of mentally retarded students in class II of SLB N Kaliwungu Kudus. This research is a descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and documentation. The result that the mentally retarded students of the second grade of SLB N Kaliwungu were students who were able to recognize numbers 1-11, were able to count 1-20, willing to learn and be responsive, but the teacher had to be able to guide more exclusively. The role of parents is also influence student development, parents must always pay attention to the child's growth and development, and continue to support and motivate.


It is a well known fact that endocrine glands release all produced hormones directly into the venous blood, which immediately, via pulmonary circulation, is delivered to the lungs that have an enormous surface area. The results of our experimental and clinical studies of the levels of hormones in afferent and efferent pulmonary blood flow revealed previously unknown or unnoticed phenomena that lung tissue participate in qualitative and quantitative state of all studied hormones in general arterial blood flow in humans and experimental animals. We have also proved that central neurogenic regulation of transit, storage or release of above mentioned hormones into arterial blood is greatly influenced by physiological status of hypothalamic structures. Thus, the system of entire hormonal homeostasis is added by important and mandatory physiological unit ‐ the lungs. In our opinion this system should be viewed as: HORMONES‐ VENOUS CIRCULATION‐ LUNGS‐ ARTERIAL CIRCULATION‐TARGET TISSUES. It is not unreasonable to assume that by influencing respiratory function we can influence the level of hormones in the entire organism. If this theory is proved to be correct the simple but effective therapeutic modalities of changing frequency of respirations or holding the breaths can be used in treatment of multitude of pathophysiological conditions.


Underfilling is a long-standing process issued from the micro-electronics that can enhance the robustness and the reliability of first or second-level interconnects for a variety of electronic applications. Its usage is currently spreading across the industry fueled by the decreasing reliability margins induced by the miniaturization and interconnect pitch reduction. While material and processing aspects keep pace with the fast technology evolutions, the control of the quality and the integrity of under filled assemblies remains challenging in some cases, especially when considering non-destructive inspection techniques and board-level underfilling. In particular, Scanning Acoustic Microscopy (SAM) which is routinely used for the control of under filled flip-chips turns out to be almost ineffective for usual BGA devices due to the presence of the component PCB substrate. This paper will address the control of surface mount under filled assemblies, focusing on applicable inspection techniques and possible options to overcome their limitations. Introduction The vast majority of electronic applications and devices are following a pervasive trend towards increased miniaturization and system integration. Resulting in always denser PCBA (Printed Circuit Board Assembly) with finer pitch components, tighter component spacings and higher solder joint densities. Current high-end designs typically feature closely spaced BGA components with pitches down to 0.4mm which raises growing reliability concerns and drives the need of ruggedization, especially for harsh environment applications. For BGA assemblies, dispensing a resin under the BGA (underfilling) is an approach that is rapidly gaining momentum for varied applications to enhance the mechanical or thermo-mechanical reliability at the board level. The underfilling technique is not new: it was originally introduced some decades ago to improve the reliability of flip-chips on ceramic or organic substrates by reducing stress on the chip-to-substrate bump interconnects due to the CTE mismatch between the laminate and the silicon die. Its usage then became broader with the growth of FC-PBGA devices and extended to several other volume applications. As an example, most BGA/LGA modules and PoP BGA assemblies in smartphones are underfilled to improve the drop shock resistance. The 3D packaging and heterogeneous integration trends also rely on SiP (System-in-Package) modules with several dies or WLP (Wafer Level Packages) that need to be underfilled. While several material and process variants such as capillary underfills, reflow encapsulants or edge/corner bonding can accommodate the various ruggedization needs, limited options are available for the control of underfilled assemblies. This concern is outlined in the reference IPC J-STD-030A industry standard that addresses board-level underfills. Process validation and control however remain key as the integrity of the resin deposits has a direct incidence on the underfill efficiency. Ruggedization performances or reliability can be altered in case of poor adhesion or voids within the underfill resin. The present paper will review the capabilities and limitations of several inspection techniques that can be used at the qualification or production stages to control the quality and integrity of underfilled assemblies. Considered inspection methods are visual, X-ray and SAM, focused on BGA component assemblies. As originally published in the IPC APEX EXPO Conference Proceedings.


Among the existing video applications, screen content videos occupy a large proportion. Therefore, how to effectively compress screen content according to its characteristics has been a hot topic in the field of video coding. Since palette mode is a core tool for screen content coding in the Versatile Video Coding (VVC) Standard, it is of great importance to optimize its performance. In this paper, we propose an optimization algorithm for palette color table coding. The algorithm improves the compression performance when encoding the palette color table by introducing two methods, namely differential pulse code modulation and cross-component linear prediction. Experimental results show that the algorithm is able to optimize the coding performance with almost no increase in encoding and decoding time.


Vanname shrimp is an important economic commodity that has carapace waste which is rich in the pigment astaxanthin. This study aims to determine (1) the chemical composition (proximate) of vanname shrimp carapace flour (2) the astaxanthin content of vanname shrimp carapace flour with different extraction times (3) Randemen of astaxanthin extract of vanname shrimp carapace flour. This research consisted of two stages, namely (1) Preparation and analysis of the chemical composition of vanname shrimp carapace flour (2) Extraction and analysis of the astaxanthin content of vanname shrimp carapace with different extraction times. Experimental research method with completely randomized design (CRD). The different extraction time treatments consisted of three tare, namely 120, 180, and 240 minutes. The data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that carapace flour had a chemical composition of moisture content of 10.28%, ash content of 33.73% db, protein content of 38.82%db, fat content of 1.56%db, crude fiber of 25.9%db. Meanwhile, the highest astaxanthin content from this study was 5.0909 mg / g (240 minutes). the resulting levels were 2.6351 mg / g (120 minutes), 3.2569 mg / g (180 minutes) and 5.0909 mg / g (240 minutes), respectively. The yield of astaxanthin extract produced were 50.95% (120 minutes), 65.36% (180 minutes), and 78.92% (240 minutes), respectively. The highest yield of astaxanthin extract in the study was in the 240 minute treatment of 78.92%.


Objective:To explore the advantages and surgical techniques in endoscopic repairings of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) rhinorrhea.Methods: Twelve cases of CSF rhinorrhea were treated under endoscope. Different surgical techniques had been used for the transnasal surgical approach to CSF fistulas. The most important process of the surgery was ensuring the location of the fistulas under endsocope, and then elevated and resected the surrounding mucosa of fistulas in all direction. The materials of grafts included muscle, mucosa graft of the middle turbinate or septum, mucoperiosteal graft of the septum or middle turbinate or fascia-lata. Fibrin glue was used as a tissue adhesive, and placed layers of gelfoam over grafts, and packed nasal cavity with petrolatum ribbon gauze soaked MeBo ointment to secure adequate support .The stuffing were kept in place for 4~10 days. Results: The successful repairings were accomplished in all of the 12 CSF fistulas treated surgically, with a 100% closure rate after a single surgical procedure. Conclusion: The transnasal endoscopic repair of CSF rhinorrhea has a high successful rate and a low morbidity rate . It should be a first choice for all surgical cases.


syntax trees are represented as Prolog terms but at the same time with an acceptable concrete appearance. A defining interpreter consists of the following predicates. program( program, final-storage) statement( statement , storage-before , storage-after ) expression( expression, storage, integer) condition( condition, storage, ftrue , false g) Some of the rules of this interpreter are shown in the following; the most important ones are for theif andwhile statements. Notice that we reuse the storage structure and auxiliaries from the previous example. program(P, Storage) :statement(P, [], Storage). statement((Var := Expression), L1, L2):expression(Expression, L1, Value), store(Var,Value,L1,L2). statement( (S1 ; S2), L1, L3):statement(S1, L1, L2), statement(S2, L2, L3). statement( if(Cond, Smt1, Stm2), L1, L2):condition(Cond, L1, Value), (Value = true -> statement(Stm1, L1, L2) ; statement(Stm2, L1, L2)). statement( while(Cond, Stm), L1, L2):condition(Cond, L1, Value), (Value = true -> statement( (Stm ; while(Cond, Stm)),L1,L2) ; L1=L2). expression(Variable, L, V):atom(Variable), fetch(Variable,V,L).


Objective: To monitor pain intensity, pain symptoms, and medication use in elderly with dementia. Methods: Nursing home residents above 65 years of age, diagnosed with dementia, and showing pain symptoms were included in the study. The patients′ mental status was monitored through a mini-mental state examination score and observations of pain symptoms using Part 1 of the Mobilization-Observation-Behaviour-Intensity-Dementia-2 (MOBID-2) pain scale. Community pharmacists reviewed the patients′ medication use, and the prescriptions were compared with guidelines for treatment of geriatric patients. Alterations to the patients′ medicine use were forwarded to the general practitioners. Findings: Sixty-one nursing home residents diagnosed with dementia were identified, 15 of these fulfilled the inclusion criteria, and 12 agreed to participate in the study. The mean age was 87 years of age (range: 77-96), and 42% of the residents were males. The patients′ overall pain intensity was 83% for observations on the numeric pain rating scale (NRS) >0 and 67% for NRS ≥3. Most painful were the situations in which the residents were to mobilize their legs, turn around to both sides of the bed, and when sitting on the bed. The medication reviews identified a total of 95 individual prescriptions, and 33% of these were for nervous system medications, followed by medicines for the treatment of alimentary tract and metabolism disorders (31% of total). Eleven prescriptions for pain medicine were identified; the majority of these were for paracetamol and opioids. Seventeen proposals to patients′ medication use were suggested, but the general practitioners accepted only 6% of these. Conclusion: This study indicates that the MOBID-2 pain scale in combination with medication reviews can be used as a tool for optimization of patients′ medication use. However, we recommend the conduction of a larger-scale study in multiple settings, to validate our results and the generalizability of the findings.


A study was carried out to examine the relationship between silage intake and rumen degradability characteristics of silage. The dry matter (DM), neutral-detergent fibre (NDF), acid-detergent fibre (ADF), hemicellulose and nitrogen (N) degradability characteristics of 136 silages were determined using polyester bags in three rumen fistulated beef cross steers. The bags were incubated for 0, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. Intakes of these silages, by steers, were reported by Steen et al., 1998. The relationships between silage DM intake (g/kg metabolic live weight) and DM, fibre and N degradability characteristics of the silages were poor (R2
 < 0·32). Degradability characteristics of the silages were highly negatively correlated with fibre concentration of the silages (R < –0·82) and highly positively correlated with the soluble N minus ammonia concentration (R < 0·77). Some of the degradability characteristics were highly correlated with organic matter digestibility, particularly the proportion of DM, fibre and N degraded after 72 h (R = 0·75 to 0·85). In view of the poor relationship between silage intake and degradability, the results of this study question the role of degradation characteristics of DM, fibre and N in the rumen on silage intake.


Abstract Fork length–total length conversions for haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus from Georges Bank and pollock Pollachius virens from the Gulf of Maine were developed by linear regression with data from fish caught during gear comparison studies. These conversions were developed to replace previous conversions that were inaccurate or insufficiently documented. Total lengths (TLs) and fork lengths (FLs) were obtained from 216 haddock ranging from 35 to 73 cm TL (median = 57 cm) and 220 pollock ranging from 43 to 107 cm TL (median = 75 cm). The conversion equation for haddock was FL = 0.95 × TL + 0.65. For pollock, it was FL = 0.94 × TL − 0.62. Reciprocal equations were also determined. Received August 27, 2010; accepted February 17, 2011


An East Asian Summit will be held in Malaysia this December. Like other institutions in the region, the summit will be hosted by ASEAN. Only nations that have signed the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia (or TAC), which sets out the basic principles of ASEAN, will receive an invitation to the summit from ASEAN. This unprecedented summit may become a historic starting point on the path towards the founding of an East Asian community. If so, the TAC may well come to represent the basic principles of the East Asian community. The commitment to peaceful resolution of conflict that is enshrined in the TAC could be expanded from Southeast Asia to East Asia. If a Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in East Asia could be concluded, it would surely constitute a major contribution to peace and prosperity in East Asia. At the same time, however, it is likely that the bedrock principle of non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries—as stipulated in the TAC—would also become a fundamental doctrine of an East Asian community. Even within ASEAN there are some who regard this principle as outdated, as it is used as a pretext for resisting pressure to democratize. If it retains the TAC as its basis, will an East Asian community be able to share the concept of democracy?


Objectives: Evaluate the symptom scores and nasal nitric oxide (nNO) in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Methods: Through a non-invasive method, we prospectively collected pre- and post-operative nNO 3 months after FESS. Basic demographic data of patients, underlying diseases, image / endoscopy scores, allergy tests, rhinometries, and pre- and post-operative symptom scores (SNOT-22 and RQLQ) were recorded and analyzed. Results: Twenty-eight patients completed post-operative evaluation, including 12 CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) and 16 CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Pre-operative nNO had no difference between two groups in our patients (P = 0.187). Other demographic and pre-operative data had no difference between these two groups except Lund-Mackey CT score (P < 0.001) and Lund-Kennedy endoscopy score (P = 0.031). We found disease severity strongly correlated with nNO only in nonallergic patients (P = 0.006 and <0.001 for CT score and endoscopy score, respectively). However, subjective symptoms did not correlate well with nNO. As to post-op nNO, the significant elevation was only detected in the CRSwNP group (P = 0.005). Several factors were found to correlate with post-operative nNO change, but all in nonallergic patients, including the existence of nasal polyps, Lund-Mackey score, asthma, and pre-operative nNO level. Conclusions: Collection of nNO is a quick, non-invasive method for evaluating sinus status. We may expect the nNO change after FESS is performed, especially in nonallergic patients, as another reference for outcome prediction before sinus surgery scheduled.


In Language Assessment Across Modalities: Paired-Papers on Signed and Spoken Language Assessment, volume editors Tobias Haug, Wolfgang Mann, and Ute Knoch bring together—for the first time—researchers, clinicians, and practitioners from two different fields: signed language and spoken language. The volume examines theoretical and practical issues related to 12 topics ranging from test development and language assessment of bi-/multilingual learners to construct issues of second-language assessment (including the Common European Framework of Reference [CEFR]) and language assessment literacy in second-language assessment contexts. Each topic is addressed separately for spoken and signed language by experts from the relevant field. This is followed by a joint discussion in which the chapter authors highlight key issues in each field and their possible implications for the other field. What makes this volume unique is that it is the first of its kind to bring experts from signed and spoken language assessment to the same table. The dialogues that result from this collaboration not only help to establish a shared appreciation and understanding of challenges experienced in the new field of signed language assessment but also breathes new life into and provides a new perspective on some of the issues that have occupied the field of spoken language assessment for decades. It is hoped that this will open the door to new and exciting cross-disciplinary collaborations.


February 2016 • Volume 122 • Number 2 www.anesthesia-analgesia.org 579 increased metabolic demand (fever, exercise), and, probably, use of succinylcholine. Second, the authors justified their use of desflurane based on the advice of the MHAUS stating that mitochondrial myopathies are not associated with an increased risk for MH. They could have added that, on the contrary, the use of a continuous infusion of propofol, often considered a safe option in patients with a muscular disease, should best be avoided in cases of mitochondrial cytopathy because propofol interferes with mitochondrial function.5,6 Although a few cases of uneventful use of a propofol infusion have been described,7 patients with a mitochondrial dysfunction could indeed be at increased risk to develop a propofol infusion syndrome,8 and using a halogenated agent for the maintenance of anesthesia is a good option, even if all anesthetic agents interfere with mitochondrial function. Third, an important clinical point when caring for a patient with a mitochondrial cytopathy is to know the patient's basal plasma lactate level which is usually higher than normal. Moreover, it is a sensitive parameter to assess the function of the respiratory chain when facing metabolic (catabolic) challenges such as surgery, fever, fasting, and anesthesia. From a metabolic point of view, it is important to provide good oxygenation and glucose in order to provide adequate fuel to the respiratory chain and the tricarboxylic acid cycle of the subpopulation of normally-functioning mitochondria. Blood gases (venous or arterial), glucose, and lactate levels should be closely monitored in patients with a mitochondrial cytopathy. Fourth, even if the depolarizing muscle relaxants are prohibited in patients with fragile muscles (risk of hyperkalemia), there is no reason to avoid nondepolarizing muscle relaxants provided that the dose is titrated according to close monitoring of muscle relaxation. Last, the authors present the way they managed the patient airway as a "modified awake intubation method." In fact, it was a combination of topical anesthesia of the upper airway and deep sedation, because loss of consciousness was obtained. We think this is not ideal in a patient presenting with bulbar dysfunction.


The epidemiology of hoof-related lameness (HRL) in western Canadian feedlots, with a focus on digital dermatitis (DD), was described and analyzed to help inform recommendations on lameness control and prevention in western Canadian feedlot cattle. The retrospective data in this study were accessed from 28 western Canadian feedlots that placed cattle in 2014–2018, inclusive. The total population for this study was 1,796,176 cattle, with an annual placement average of 12,830 cattle per feedlot. These data were accessed through iFHMS Consolidated Database, provided by Feedlot Health Management Services by TELUS Agriculture, and manipulated using Microsoft® Office Access 365 ProPlus and Microsoft® Office Excel 365 ProPlus. Epidemiological analyses determined that lameness accounts for 25.7% of all treatments in western Canadian feedlots. Of those treatments, 71.7% are localized to the hoof, corresponding to 18.6% of all treatments. The most common HRL diseases are infectious bovine pododermatitis [foot rot (FR)]; digital dermatitis (DD), also known as hairy-heel wart or strawberry foot rot; and toe-tip necrosis syndrome (TTNS). These diseases account for 89.6%, 7.9% and 2.4% of HRL, respectively. Between 2014 and 2018, HRL prevalence ranged between 1.93% and 3.09% of the population, with FR consistently having the highest prevalence and TTNS the lowest. HRL and DD were tested for their associations with several animal-level risk factors using © Ausvet 2021 Epitools software. The resultant crude, univariate odds ratio values, evaluated at 95% confidence, are summarized in Table 1. Based on this analysis, acquisition source has the largest influence on the odds of developing HRL and DD, followed by population size, and placement quarter. Using SAS® (Version 9.4, SAS Institute Inc, Cary, North Carolina) statistical software, these preliminary findings will be subjected to a multivariate statistical model, which will provide adjusted OR values and statistical significance for the data in this study.


This paper is devoted to the uncertainty quantification for 3D acoustic performance model of nacelle liners (acoustic treatments). Uncertainties are taken into account in order to increase the robustness of the predictions. A full computational acoustic propagation model based on the convected Helmholtz equation in presence of a non-homogeneous flow velocity field computed by solving the Linearized Euler Equations (LEE) is used. A reduced-order computational model is deduced in order to implement the probabilistic model of uncertainties. The model uncertainties induced by modeling errors have been taken into account for the acoustic propagation model and the liner model, using the nonparametric probabilistic approach. In addition, the uncertainties on the acoustic excitation induced by the fan have been introduced using the parametric probabilistic approach. The developed methodology is applied to a 3D nacelle intake and allows for computing the confidence regions of the random far-field radiated pressure in terms of random SPL (Sound Pressure Level), which are compared to experiments for several flight conditions and frequencies.


Background: Opiate abuse and addiction in women during childbearing years has led to a sharp increase in neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). Babies born with NAS are at risk for significant health and developmental deficits. Through understanding the challenges experienced by mothers in opiate recovery, and the resources available to this group, sensitive and effective treatment can be developed to ameliorate the impact of NAS on the child and the family. Method: This qualitative interview study provides insight into the experience of becoming a mother for women in opiate recovery. Results: Themes from the interviews include deep love for the baby, the baby as a motivation to stay sober, and the determination to make the relationship between mother and child different from the one the mother had experienced with her own mother. Discussion: Occupational therapists have a distinct, important role in the treatment of mothers in opiate recovery and their babies. This study illustrates the need for the occupational therapy skill set in this population. Comments The authors report grants from The Kellogg Foundation and Western Michigan University Internal Support for Faculty Scholars Award (SFSA) during the conduct of the study.


Abstract Purpose: Recent studies have shown increased prostate cancer control rates with radiation dose escalation. Herein the experience of dose escalation by high dose rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) adjunct to the three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) for prostate cancer is presented. Patients and methods: During the period between August 2005 and July 2007, patients with intermediate and high risk prostate cancer were treated with 3D-CRT of dose 46Gy ÷ 23 fractions to whole pelvis followed by: Arm A (102 patients): prostate boost with HDR-BT 14 Gy × 2 sessions and Arm B (103 patients): prostate boost via 3D-CRT of dose 26 Gy ÷ 13 fractions. Primary objectives were overall survival (OS), distant metastases free survival (DMFS) and PSA progression free survival (PPFS) rates. Secondary objectives were the toxicity profile and post-radiation histopathological response. Results: At median follow up of 3.5 years, PPFS, DMFS and OS rates were; 97.8% versus 89.0% (p = 0.009), 98.1% versus 93.6% (p = 0.13) and 98.8% versus 91.6% (p = 0.24) in Arm A and Arm B. respectively. Grade 3 or 4 delayed genitourinary toxicities occurred in 2% and 4.8% of patients in Arm A and Arm B, respectively. Delayed grade 3 and 4 gastrointestinal toxicities were seen in 2% and 3.9% of patients in Arm A and Arm B, respectively. The post-radiation prostate biopsies were negative in 14/17(82.3%) and 9/15 (60%) in Arm A and Arm B, respectively. Conclusion: 3D-CRT combined with HDR-BT resulted in better PPFS and lower morbidity than 3DCRT alone for intermediate and high risk prostate cancer.


We show a general method allowing the solution calculation, in the form of a power series, for a very large class of nonlinear Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs), namely the real analytic σπ-ODEs (and, more in general, the real analytic σπ-reducible ODEs) in many indeterminates, characterized by an ODE-function given by generalized polynomials of the indeterminates and their derivatives, i.e. functions formally polynomial with exponents, though the exponent can be any real number. The solution method consists in reducing the ODE to a certain canonical quadratic ODE, with a larger number of indeterminates, whose solutions include, as subsolutions, the original solutions, and for which a recursive formula is shown, giving all coefficients of the solution power series directly from the ODE parameters. The reduction method is named exact quadratization and was formerly introduced in another our article, where we considered explicit ODEs only. In the present paper, which is self-contained to a large extent, we review and complete the theory of exact quadratization by solving issues, such as for instance the globality of the quadratization, that had remained open, and also extend it to the more general case of an implicitly defined ODE. Finally, we argue that the result can be seen as a partial solution of a differential version of the 22nd Hilbert's problem.


S7-200 PLC PWM control method of an import double winding series DC motor is introduced for CLX3 underground fork-lift forward and backward traction.The control method is proved to have an easy programming interface and reliable software and hardware.


The role of the intrusion detection system is to enforce the pattern matching policies decided for the network. Basically Proposed IDS executes on the KDD'99 Data set, this data set is used in international level for evaluating/calculating the performance of various intrusion detection systems (IDS). First step is association phase in which frequent item set are produced by apriori algorithm. The second step is clustering phase in which clusters are created by k-Means. Proposed technique uses the standard KDD99 (knowledge Discovery and Data Mining) intrusion detection contest data set. Proposed system can detect the attacks/intrusions and classifies them into different categories: U2R (User to Root), probe, R2L (Remote to Local), and Denial of Service (DoS). The prime task of the proposed IDS is to improve effectiveness with efficiency. An experiment is carried out to evaluate/calculate the performance of the proposed approach using KDD 99' data set. Here the result shows that the proposed IDS technique performs better in term of efficiency(Execution Speed) & effectiveness.


The relationship between heart disease and alcoholism was apparently first described by Walshe in 1873.' The expression "alcoholic cardiomyopathy" was coined by Mackenzie in 1902.2 Prior t o this, in 1884, Bollinger described the Munich beer heart (cardiac hypertrophy existing in beer The statistics presented by Bollinger are interesting: In 1884, he found in Munich a beer consumption of 432 liters per head of population; this included newborns. In 1929, Wenckebach first described beri-beri heart disease? and since that time many of the effects of alcohol on the heart have been thought t o be the result of nutritional deficiencies. This is not the case, as demonstrated recently by Robin and Gold~chlager ,~ who reported a patient with alcoholic noncirrhotic beri-beri heart disease, developing low cardiac output failure shortly after successful treatment with thiamine. In 1966, Wendt and associates published a paper on the acute effect of alcohol on the human myocardium,6 followed by another study on the effect of chronic alcoholism on cardiac metabolism in man.' Wendt was able t o observe the release of intramyocardial enzymes into coronary vein blood and proposed that alcohol might alter membrane permeability and impair the activity of metabolic pathways.' This assumption has been supported by autopsy determination of the activities of several enzymes in the left ventricle of patients who died of alcoholic cardiomyopathy.8 Analysis of the specimens demonstrated a marked reduction in cellular activity of certain oxidative enzymes, such as NAD-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADICDH), and a significant increase in the activity of some glycolytic enzymes, particularly glyceraldehydephosphate dehydrogenase, the enzyme responsible for the glycolytic substrate phosphorylation. An accumulation of triglycerides in the heart muscle of animals exposed t o alcohol was demonstrated by Regan et al. in 1966.9 This observation has been confirmed by Marciniak e t al.l0 Alcohol may affect both cardiac contractility and metabolism. Despite marked changes in cardiac metabolism, ethanol results in clear-cut changes in myocardial contractility only after many years of exposure. Before entering into a discussion of effects of ethanol on heart muscle, it is necessary to discuss briefly some of the possible mechanisms that can result in disturbance of myocardial contractility. This subject has developed into a very active field of investigation because of its possible clinical implications. In discussing this field, the possible actions of ethanol on subcellular organelles, such as the sarcoplasmic reticulum, the mitochondria, and the contractile proteins, must be considered.


The potential use of clove oil (eugenol) as an anaesthetic for Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, brown trout Salmo trutta, rainbow trout Oncohynchus mykiss, whitefish Coregonus lavaretus, perch Perca fluviatilis and roach Rutilus rutilus was examined at 5, 10, 15 and 20°C using three anaesthetic concentrations (varying from 20 to 200 mg l -1 ) at each temperature. Substantial species differences in sensitivity to clove oil were observed, even amongst congeners, and there may be some disadvantages (slow recovery and possibly mortality) with using clove oil for 0+ year whitefish and at low temperatures for perch and roach.


This article develops a robust source localization method using time delay and Doppler shift measurements, where the sensor motion effect accompanied by sensor location errors cannot be ignored. We begin by transforming the time delay and Doppler shift measurement models into a series of nonlinear equations that take sensor location errors into account, and then construct a constrained weighted least squares (CWLS) problem based on these equations. Because of the nonconvex nature of the problem, we relax it into a semidefinite programming (SDP) problem via convex relaxation and further propose a scheme to eliminate the influence of the additional estimation bias caused by the approximation applied in the transformation of measurement models. To perform the bias reduction, we derive the theoretical expression of the solution bias and then subtract it to obtain a bias-reduced solution. We also derive the closed-form expression of the hybrid Cramer–Rao lower bound (HCRLB) as the performance benchmark. Theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate that the mean-square error (MSE) performance of the proposed method can achieve the HCRLB accuracy and the bias can be significantly reduced with bias reduction.


Polymer vesicle is attracting much attention due to its unique hollow structure and significant potential applications in biomedical science.Meanwhile,polymer vesicle is also an ideal model system for polymer physics and soft matter.In this paper,vesicle structures and properties,the potential applications,especially its formation kinetics and physical mechanisms are reviewed.The purpose is to help people to tune vesicle structures and its formation process by physical approaching.


Experiments were carried out to test whether water transport of pheromone from female to male takes place in the amphipod Gammarus duebeni. In G. duebeni sexual dimorphism occurs im presumed chemosensory receptor mechanisms of the 2nd antenna, which carries calceoli in the male. Sexually mature females were fed 3H-acetyl-glucosamine-labelled trout liver and became highly radioactive. Males were exposed to water containing such females. They reacted by swimming to the double net partition separating them from the females. After I to 1 h exposure scintillator measurements on males showed about 1000 times higher radioactivity per mg body weight in the 2nd antenna than in the remainder of the body. Light microscope autoradiography showed selective labelling of calceoli sites. This was taken to indicate that a 3H-labelled sex pheromone from the female had reached receptors in the male calceoli.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of Special Administrative Region (SAR) performance on the "trust" of Hong Kong and Macau people, who "live" under similar context of "one country, two systems," toward Beijing Central Government. The different perceptions, relating to the abovementioned issue, of the young peoples' are also investigated. Implication for civic education in these two societies will be brought to light.

Design/methodology/approach
This study adopts secondary data analysis on the captioned topic. To further illustrate the said issue, this study reviews and analyzes data from protest campaigns in both societies.

Findings
This paper finds that the performance of Hong Kong and Macau SAR Governments has different impacts on the peoples' "trust" toward Central Government. It may attribute to the different perceptions about the role of Central Government and levels of democratization in these societies. Civic education emphasizing the "core spirit" of "One country, two systems," roles of SAR and Central Governments could enable young people better comprehend their relationship with Mainland China and their role as SAR–Chinese citizens.

Originality/value
This paper is an exploratory study for providing implications for further research on this topic.


First measurements of the beam energy dependence of the two proton correlation function in central Au+Au collisions are performed by the E895 Collaboration at the BNL AGS. The imaging technique of Brown-Danielewicz is used in order to extract information about the proton source at freeze-out. Measured correlation functions and sources do not exhibit significant changes with beam energy.


A quantitative mathematics model predicting the standard formation enthalpy(ΔfH0m)of alkane derivatives was set up by using of the molecule parameters,i.e.main atomic numbers(N),carbon atomic numbers on the backbone chain(N′),relative electrogrativity(Xr),substituting parameter(P) and position parameter of functional group(q).Correlation coefficients of the model are all more than 0.999 for every kinds of alkane derivatives.The calculated values of standard formation enthalpy based on the model are in excellently consistent with those from literatures for alkane derivatives,their mean relative error is less than 1%.The results indicate that the method is simple and valid for processing the research of QSPR with the advantage of easy computation and clear physical siganificance.


A Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS) can extend and effectively improve a controllers' capability of damping inter-area low-frequency oscillations in interconnected power systems. This paper presents an implementation of a Wide Area Fractional-Order Proportional-Integral-Derivative (WA-FOPID) damping controller to improve the system damping. A modal analysis approach is proposed to identify the best location for the WA-FOPID controller and the optimal combination of input signals. The differential evolution optimization algorithm is used to determine the optimal controller parameters, and a nonlinear time-domain-based objective function is formulated to minimize the time-weighted errors. The proposed approach is successfully applied to a two-area four-machine system, as well as to a practical multi-area power system. The nonlinear timedomain simulations indicate that the proposed WA-FOPID damping controller can effectively dampen inter-area oscillations and improve system stability, irrespective of the severity or location of disturbances.


Having been in occupational therapy for over 52 years, I will focus the "retrospectoscope" on three dimensions of my career: (1) turning points that generated my curiosity and deepened my "firm persuasion" in our work (Whyte, 2001); (2) how these experiences translated into questions that energized my life as a scholar; and (3) why I am still wholeheartedly committed to occupational therapy and those we serve with my mind, spirit, and heart (Wood, 2004).


A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article "Determinants of Increased Opioid-Related Mortality in the United States and Canada, 1990-2013: A Systematic Review" by N. B. King, V. Fraser, C. Boikos et al., which appeared in a previous issue.


This technological development has attracted the attention of the public, especially educators who contribute to learning. The technology used is shaped like the internet, computers, and other technological tools. However, as educators in schools or teachers, they must be able to familiarize themselves with technology. One of the roles of the teacher in the era of technological and information development is to become a facilitator in learning. This study aims to measure the magnitude of the influence of information technology on teaching staff in schools and in this study also provides information on teacher training in using technology. The methodology used in this study is the literature method or does not use the search method, only in the form of the theory contained in the research. The results of the research conducted here are to create solutions to the constraints experienced by educators in schools in using technology.


Three major components(saccharose,tryptone and KH2PO4) of liquid fermentation medium for Codyceps militaris(L.)Link were optimized by response surface method(RSM).The method of fitting a regression equation to functional relation between the three components and polysaccharide yield was used.Optimal concentration of the three components was obtained according to ridge analysis,which were 3.23 % saccharose,1.05 % tryptone,0.08 % KH2PO4.And polysaccharide content in liquid fermentation medium was 1.975×10-2 g/mL.


In view of the problems in the construction of the style of study,this paper mainly analyzesa the influencing factors of construction of the style of study with literature method and expounds the role of the student Party members in the construction of the style of study.It proposes the ways such as setting up models for students,establishing Party supervision system and mobilizing the Party activists'enthusiasm.The research result has certain significance for strengthening and improving the construction of the style of study.


These data suggest that the mean cerebral bloodvelocity is not a reliable parameter for detecting CBFalterations, partly because of the poor reproducibility of the measurement of cerebral blood velocity. This islikely to be because of the fact that the required cor-rection of the insonation angle is perhaps unreliable inthe TCD method.


In the Internet era, the development of the entertainment industry should have Internet thinking. In this paper, through the investigation on the development status of the Internet era entertainment industry, the current situation of the development of the Internet era of the entertainment industry and the existing problems, seek to promote the development of the entertainment industry internet thinking.


— A general review of the genus Alsodes is made, recognizing five Argentine forms. Alsodes gargola neuquensis subsp. nova and Alsodes pehuenche sp. nova are described. It is suggested that Alsodes illotus (Barbour) and Alsodes nodosus (Duméril and Bibron) are identical. The validity of Alsodes verrucosus (Phi lippi) is also supported. Riassunto. — Osservazioni su alcuni Anfibi neotropicali del genere Alsodes delVArgentina meridionale. E' passato in rapida rivista il genere Alsodes di cui si riconoscono cinque forme dell'Argentina. Vengono qui descritte Alsodes gargola neuquensis n. ssp. e Alsodes pehuenche n. sp. . Alsodes illotus (Barbour) si considera sinonimo di Alsodes nodosus (Duméril e Bibron). Alsodes verrucosus (Philippi) viene rivendicato come specie valida. I. A general review of the genus «Alsodes» Bell. The genus Alsodes Bell was resurrected by Lynch (1968) who pointed out Eupsophtts coppingeri (Gunther) and Alsodes montícola Bell were the same species. The genus Ettpsophus, as recognized in the revisions by Cei (1960, 1962a, 1962b) and Grandison (1961), is now considered to be an artificial grouping of different and probably unre lated leptodactyloid frogs (Gallardo, 1970; Lynch, 1971). In this genus the monotypic taeniatus group belongs to Batrachyla, while the roseus and peruanus groups still remain as significant forms of the genus Eupsophus. The species group nodosus falls within the combination of morphological characters supporting the genus Alsodes, i.e., the atlas convex, the sternum expanded and notched posteriorly, the reduction or


We present new and novel insights into the behavior of two maximum parsimony heuristics for building evolutionary trees of different sizes. First, our results show that the heuristics find different classes of good-scoring trees, where the different classes of trees may have significant evolutionary implications. Secondly, we develop a new entropy-based measure to quantify the diversity among the evolutionary trees found by the heuristics. Overall, topological distance measures such as the Robinson-Foulds distance identify more diversity among a collection of trees than parsimony scores, which implies more powerful heuristics could be designed that use a combination of parsimony scores and topological distances. Thus, by understanding phylogenetic heuristic behavior, better heuristics could be designed, which ultimately leads to more accurate evolutionary trees.


T use of composite materials in various aerospace and industrial applications has prompted a considerable amount of research on the static and dynamic response of multilayer plates. During the past decade, several authors' have formulated plate theories by a direct extension of Mindlin's theory for homogeneous plates. Sun and Whitney have shown that laminated plate theories which are based on Kirchhoff's hypothesis, or a simple extension of Mindlin's theory, yield grossly inaccurate natural-frequency predictions for twoand three-layer plates whose layers have widely differing shear rigidities. In a recent paper, the principle of virtual work was used to derive the equations of motion in an invariant form for an arbitrary three-layered plate. No restrictions were placed on the relative thicknesses, densities, elastic moduli, or symmetries of the layers. The formulation accounts for the shear deformation of each layer as well as the translational and rotational inertia of the composite. Continuity of displacements and stresses was imposed in accordance with a perfect interface bond assumption. In the current analysis, the previously derived equations will be used to analyze a transversely isotropic two-layer plate by deleting the terms associated with the third layer and neglecting the transverse contraction of the composite. The theory then becomes the two-dimensional analog of Theory II as presented by Sun and Whitney. If we assume that each layer is transversely isotropic, the equations of motion are written in vector notation and can be uncoupled to yield a sixth-order equation in the transverse displacement. By neglecting certain in-plane and rotatory inertia terms, we can obtain a somewhat simpler fourth-order equation, which is very similar to Mindlin's dynamic plate equation with modified stiffness, mass, and inertia coefficients. This equation reduces to Mindlin's formulation if either of the layers is assumed to vanish or the properties of both layers are identical. From virtual work, the natural boundary conditions


Antenna design in ultra-wideband (UWB) systems is a major challenge. For, in contrast to conventional systems, wherein waveform distortion by the antenna is negligible, there is potentially significant waveform distortion by UWB antennas. A further challenge to UWB system design is posed by mandated limits on power spectrum density, such as the FCC emission mask. In this paper, we join these two issues for the case of impulse radio (IR)-type UWB, showing how antenna design, transmit pulse design, filter design and attainable output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are intertwined. In particular, through software simulation, several antenna frequency responses are calculated, and a modified inversely-positioned bowtie antenna ('rounded diamond') is found to give the broadest frequency response. An integrated design of antenna, transmit pulse shaping and receive filtering is presented that gives near-maximal SNR under the FCC mask constraint, and comparisons are made to alternative designs.


The objective of this paper is to establish a relation between the discursive mechanisms of the social utopia and processes of migration and memory in revolutionary Cuba. In order to address this question we focus on some characteristics of the utopian-political discourse in power as well as the relation between utopian discourse and subjects, especially related to questions of migration and memory. This discussion will be further extended to readings of various works of fiction, mainly novels and films. The guiding hypothesis of this study will be that subjects who distance themselves from official utopian discourse will be pushed away from the "good place", as postulated by this discourse, towards a "non-place", its only other option left.


A review of the multiparametric linear quantum group GLq,r(N), its real forms, its dual algebra U[glq,r(N)] and its bicovariant differential calculus is given in the first part of the paper. We then construct the (multiparametric) linear inhomogeneous quantum group IGLq,r(N) as a projection from GLq,r(N+1) or, equivalently, as a quotient of GLq,r(N+1) with respect to a suitable Hopf algebra ideal. A bicovariant differential calculus on IGLq,r(N) is explicitly obtained as a projection from that on GLq,r(N+1). Our procedure unifies in a single structure the quantum plane coordinates and the q group matrix elements , and allows one to deduce without effort the differential calculus on the q plane IGLq,r(N)/GLq,r(N). The general theory is illustrated on the example of IGLq,r(2).


Background: This study investigated the correlation between depression, anxiety, and stress among college students engaged in online learning during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and self-directed learning (SDL) ability, which could provide a scientific basis for mental health education of the college students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 5,558 students from two universities in Anhui province, East China. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) and the Self-directed Learning Ability Scale were used to conduct an online questionnaire survey. Results: A total of 35.15, 36.32, and 17.24% of college students reported symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, respectively. Males and nonmedical students were at higher risks to suffer from depression, anxiety, and stress. In adjusted model, compared with Q1 of self-management ability, the odds ratio (OR) of the Q2, Q3, and Q4 were as follows: 0.635 (0.531–0.759), 0.504 (0.415–0.611), and 0.312 (0.248–0.392) for depression; 0.639 (0.535–0.764), 0.653 (0.540–0.789), and 0.421 (0.338–0.525) for anxiety; and 0.649 (0.523–0.805), 0.579 (0.457–0.733), and 0.482 (0.364–0.637) for stress. For information capability, decrease in risk was even more pronounced: Q2 (0.654, 0.540–0.794), Q3 (0.560, 0.454–0.690), and Q4 (0.233, 0.181–0.301) for depression; Q2 (0.781, 0.646–0.945), Q3 (0.616, 0.501–0.757), and Q4 (0.276, 0.216–0.353) for anxiety; and Q2 (0.444, 0.357–0.553), Q3 (0.454, 0.357–0.578), and Q4 (0.272, 0.202–0.368) for stress. Compared with the Q2 group of cooperation learning ability, cooperation learning ability quartiles were positively associated with depression (Q1: 1.382, 95% CI: 1.138–1.678), anxiety (Q4: 1.260, 95% CI: 1.008–1.576), and stress (Q1: 2.002, 95% CI: 1.583–2.532; Q3: 1.600, 95% CI: 1.252–2.044; Q4: 1.674, 95% CI: 1.243–2.255). Conclusion: The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among college students was high for those studying online at home during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially among nonmedical students and males. SDL ability was negatively associated with negative emotions of the college students during this period of online learning.


This paper investigates the kinetic characteristics of the VO (AcAc)/sub 2/catalyzed liquid-phase decomposition of cyclohexenyl hydroperoxide in the presence of additives (A), such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) and a crown ether. The reaction occurs via the formation of a complex of the type (A...VO(AcAc)/sub 2/). The rate constants for complex formation, as well as for hydroperoxide decomposition in the presence of this complex, have been determined. The differences in the calculated values of these constants have been attributed to contributions of the energy of nonequilibrium conformations of the PEG polymer chain to the rates of catalysis.


In this paper, a multi-agent intelligent control system is applied to design a control system for smart and sustainable buildings. Smart and sustainable buildings require solving conflicts between energy consumption and indoor comfort level. Also, user preferences should be taken consideration in the control system design. Hierarchical control architecture is introduced and utilized to design such a control system, which includes a central agent-controller and multiple local agent-controllers. The central agent-controller coordinates the local agent-controllers for achieving the maximum user comfort in two different operation modes. The local agent-based control employs multiple fuzzy logic controllers to satisfy different comfort demands. Simulation results are also presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed multi-agent control system for building energy and comfort management.


Abstract There has been an increase in research on changes in institutional logics, and on the emergence of new institutional patterns. This growing interest in the process side of institutions and the recognition that institutions can co- exist, and possibly compete with each other, calls for some enlargement of the vocabulary that is used to conceptualise institutions and their development. This paper proposes a classification scheme of institutional templates that might be especially useful to the analysis and description of the dynamic aspects of institutionalisation. It classifies institutions according to (a) their degree of "explicitness" and (b) whether or not they require only loose coupling. The scheme is applied to a case study on the currently ongoing building of alliance groups in the airline industry- and, more specifically, on the institutionalisation of the "alliancing" concept within this industry. Key Words: institutional theory; organizational dynamics; alliances; airlines


Treatments were applied in a randomized complete block design with five single-tree replications. Tree age was 8 years and spacing was 20 by 20 ft. The predominant variety was barcelona interplanted with Daviana pollinizers. To minimize drift, trees in alternate rows were used for treatment. No adjuvants were used. Treatments were applied via an Amerind McKissick sprayer by handgun using 2 gal of water per tree (ca. 218 gal/acre) on 13 Apr. The total numbers of aphids on five randomly selected three-leaf terminal shoots per tree were recorded.


The present invention discloses a method for processing tea leaves with dry Dendrobium, the method comprising: (a) harvesting Dendrobium officinale leaf; (2) dried to a dryness of 80 to 85%, and stored in a dry and ventilated place; (3) 85 ℃ hot mist sprayed into the wet surface dried leaves, covered with a cloth so that flaccid leaves; (4) continuously turning at a constant temperature 90 ℃; (5) for quick-speed packet charter, then add Borrelia packet kneading machine, and then placed in loosely deblocking machine, repeated twice in a clean plastic bag edible fermented 6h; (6) granulation: 10Ps pressure first to the left and right, front and rear extrusion, deblocking , repeated four times, and repeated six times to 11Ps pressure, pressure finally 12Ps repeated eight times, to complete the operation to be granulated particles ≧ 95%; (7) 80 deg.] C to dry to a moisture content of 5-6% and the temperature raised to 120 deg.] C 5min continued out of the box, storage, i.e. made tea Dendrobium. The present invention make full use of valuable resources and increase the added value of Dendrobium, scalable, mass production, brewing and convenient.


Preface Chapter 1. Ethnography in Late Antique Historiography Chapter 2. Byzantine Information-Gathering Behind the Veil of Silence Chapter 3. Explaining the Relative Decline of Ethnography in the Middle Period Chapter 4. The Genres and Politics of Middle Byzantine Ethnography Chapter 5. Ethnography in Palaiologan Literature Epilogue: Looking to a New World List of Abbreviations Notes Bibliography Index Acknowledgments


PRODUCT INFORMATION Content: • 5 mg Wortmannin Storage and stability: Wortmannin is provided as a translucent film and shipped at room temperature. Store at -20°C. Solid product is stable 1 year at -20 °C. Wortmannin is light sensitive. Protect from light. Upon resuspension, prepare aliquots of Wortmannin and store at -20°C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Resuspended product is stable for 3 months at -20 °C when properly stored. Quality control: Purity: ≥95% (LC) The absence of bacterial contamination (e.g. lipoproteins and endotoxins) has been confirmed using HEK-Blue TLR2 and HEK-Blue TLR4 cells.


This paper introduces a new category, Edgl, of enriched differential graded Lie algebras (edgl), directly related to the topology of all connected CW complexes and simplicial sets. It is equipped with a homotopy theory analogous to that developed by Sullivan for commutative differential graded algebras. Each connected space has a unique minimal edgl model, and an algebraic process connects this to the minimal Sullivan model. Minimal edgl models naturally represent cofibrations and, in particular cell attachments, and the interplay between edgl and Sullivan models permits the extension to all path connected spaces of results previously established only for simply connected spaces. This, in particular, provides applications and interesting examples of the classical Sullivan rationalization $X\to X_{\mathbb Q}$ of a path connected space.


Abstract Not Available – First paragraph follows:
Suffolk-sired lambs from grade Corriedale ewes gained faster than Corriedale-sired lambs during a three-year study at the Hopland Field Station. Also, male lambs were heavier than females within their own breed.


NEGRÃO, D. R. Modification of lignin structure caused by fungi. 2015. 126 p. Tese (Doutorado) – Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, 2015. Black liquor which the bulk content is lignin, is the main product generated after obtaining cellulose pulp. This natural polymer is characterized by high molecular weight (MW) and aromatic compounds. Physical-chemical processes can be employed to fragment lignin and to produce aromatic compounds to replace those from non-renewable sources such as petroleum. Biodegradation of lignin can provide low molecular weight compounds, such as phenols and antioxidants, which may be employed in various industrial processes. The aim of this work was to investigate the structural modification of lignin caused by basidiomycetes fungi, obtained from native forest and Eucalyptus fields. The biodegradation assay was done with10 fungi species cultivated with two concentrations of black licor (10% and 15%, v/v). The assay with 10% liquor, 10 species of basidiomycete fungi were used, and in the assay with 15% liquor, it was used only Pycnoporus sanguineus. The analyses carried out to determine the structural modification of lignin were: infrared spectroscopy (FTIR/ATR), liquid chromatography gel filtration and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). P. sanguineus and fungi of Trametes genera had high capacity to consume the lignin content in the 10% liquor, after 14 days of cultivation. After that, P. sanguineus was selected for assays of ligninolytic enzymes activities in the two liquor concentrations. High activities of manganese peroxidase (MnP), laccase and peroxidase were detected in the 10% liquor, whereas in the concentration of 15% only high MnP activity was detected. Biochemical Oxygen Demand, analysis (BOD) indicated that the biodegraded liquor had high BOD load, and it was toxic to Daphia magna and Hydra attenuata. Metabolites produced by the fungi in the liquor 10% were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), which indicated mainly the production of sugars and alcohols in concentrations not far from their respective controls. Although the fungus is able to decrease molecular weight of lignin, its fragments derivatives can undergo condensation or repolymerization reactions, contributing, eventually, to increase its molecular weight.


Recently developed compound semiconductor GaInNAs is a promising material for optical fiber communication. The absorption spectrum of thin GaInNAs layer (10-nm thickness) was observed by using our developed piezoelectric photothermal spectroscopy. The spectra revealed a step-like density of states and exciton formation in two-dimensional discrete levels in the quantum well. Effective mass of the conduction band was estimated to be 0.05m0 by assuming that the valence-band offset was negligible. Rapid thermal annealing relaxes a lattice defects and distortions, and this results in a blueshift of the spectrum.


Many problems in real life can be formed into mathematical models so they can be analyzed mathematically. One of them is the case of online game addiction that is rife today. Mathematical models in the case of online game addiction have been developed into the SEIRS model in the form of a first-order non-linear differential equation system. The model is so complex that it requires numerical methods to solve it. One of the effective numerical methods is the Runge-Kutta method, more precisely the 14th order Runge-Kutta method. This research will formulate the 14th order Runge-Kutta method and create a MATLAB programming format then analyze the effectiveness of the method in completing the SEIRS mathematical model on the case of addiction to online games. The effectiveness of a method depends on the error resulting from MATLAB execution when the result is getting smaller (near zero). Data collection methods used are documentation and questionnaire methods. The results of this study indicate that the 14th order Runge-Kutta method is effective in completing the SEIRS model in cases of online game addiction.


If on a smooth bounded domain $\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^2$ there is a nonconstant Neumann eigenfunction $u$ that is locally constant on the boundary, must $\Omega$ be a disk or an annulus? This question can be understood as a weaker analog of the well known Schiffer conjecture, in that the function $u$ is allowed to take a different constant value on each connected component of $\partial \Omega$ yet many of the known rigidity properties of the original problem are essentially preserved. Our main result provides a negative answer by constructing a family of nontrivial doubly connected domains $\Omega$ with the above property. As a consequence, a certain linear combination of the indicator functions of the domains $\Omega$ and of the bounded component of the complement $\mathbb{R}^2\backslash\overline{\Omega}$ fails to have the Pompeiu property. Furthermore, our construction implies the existence of continuous, compactly supported stationary weak solutions to the 2D incompressible Euler equations which are not locally radial.


This paper presents detailed information of Former Chief Justice of India Hon'ble Justice J.S. Verma Committee report for Teacher Education institution. The Commission members, reason for formation of commission,Terms of Reference perused by Commissionand Work Procedure ofFormer Chief Justice of India Hon'ble Justice J.S. VermaCommission. This paper discusses about theFormer Chief Justice of India Hon'ble Justice J.S. Verma Commission recommendations of Quality Pre - Service teacher education institutions and quality of Teachers. I mention the district wise analysis of qualify and non-qualify institutions recommended by Verma Commis sion. This article describes the recommended byFormer Chief Justice of India Hon'ble Justice J.S. Verma Commission in view of pre service teacher education institution and strengthening the regulatory functions of the NCTE.


Palliative care is now generally accepted as symptomatic management of patients with breathlessness and/or cough related to primary being the multidisciplinary care of patients with advanced, progressive, and ultimately fatal disor secondary malignancy (table 1), or in chronic cardiac and neuromuscular disorders. Doses eases which are likely to lead to death within about 12 months and in whom the focus of and schedules have been partly derived from experience in patients with chronic lung disease care is on the quality of life. Most of the patients who fall into this category have metastatic but mainly empirically from practitioners' experiences. malignancy, but it also includes those with motor neurone disease and other neuroIn the setting of palliative care it is easy to commence drug therapy but much harder to muscular conditions, HIV/AIDS, end stage cardiac or respiratory failure, and renal failure. discontinue it. Ideally, a therapeutic trial should be conducted but it is difficult to generalise Palliative care is given in the community in the UK by general practitioners and district and propose a fixed duration of such a trial. However, we recommend that all newly ininurses, and in hospitals by staff from several disciplines, notably oncology/radiotherapy tiated treatments should be considered as therapeutic trials and be reviewed by experienced and general/respiratory medicine. The term "specialist palliative care" is reserved for the staff within three days so that adjustments can be made or treatment stopped. It is not usually involvement of hospices, or trained and accredited medical and nursing teams in hospitals appropriate to ask the primary care team to review if treatment with a nebulised opioid or and the community (including day centres). Many specialist palliative care teams have aca local anaesthetic has been started. cess to physiotherapy, although this is less likely to be available in the community. The general condition and age of the patients and, in general, the lack of training in resPractical considerations Particle size may not be as critical as it is in piratory management among palliative care staff mean that, in this clinical setting, some some other situations but, nonetheless, clinicians must be aware of the range of compressors points need particular attention. In the setting of palliative care the main and nebulisers available and the variation in their performance. A jet nebuliser driven by an conditions which might benefit from nebuliser Department of therapy are dyspnoea, cough (both unelectric/battery operated compressor is usually Surgical and Anaesthetic Sciences, productive and with copious sputum), and appropriate. Palliative Medicine pooling of saliva in the hypopharynx and conPatients with a short history of breathlessness Section, Royal sequent aspiration, such as occurs in patients sometimes prefer a mouthpiece to a mask which Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK with motor neurone disease or bulbar palsy. can generate a feeling of claustrophobia. If a S Ahmedzai History and clinical examination are of vital mouthpiece is used the patient must breathe importance in establishing the most likely through the mouth. Nebulised drugs are usually Countess Mountbatten House, Botley Road, pathological causes of breathlessness in each ineffective in extremely breathless patients with West End, patient. A chest radiograph can also be helpful minimal inspiratory effort. The position of the Southampton SO3 but it is not always possible or appropriate to patient is important. He or she should ideally 3JB, UK C Davis perform one. be sitting upright or at least at 45° during nebulisation. If the patient cannot be moved There is very little scientific evidence to Correspondence to: Professor S Ahmedzai. support the use of nebulised drugs in the from the supine position then administration of


The purpose of this study was to investigate developmental changes of metamemory. The subjects were 120 5, 7, and 9 year-old children. All children performed metamemory tests which were composed of person variable, task variables, and strategy variable. There were significant age differences in metamemory awareness. As for person variable, prediction accuracy was increased with age. As for task variables, older children recognized aims of tasks, whereas younger children perceived salient properties of tasks. Also, as for strategy variable, number and complexity of strategy for memory retrieval were increased with age.


As one kind of new technology, wireless sensor network has a wide application area such as military, environment monitoring, object tracking, science observing and forecasting. Resource optimization is the important problem in the development of the wireless sensor networks. Analyze the existing algorithms for resource optimization; a network coverage optimization model with the objective function of least nodes in networks is put forward. It ensures the probability of covering the whole area is above 95%. Finally, MATLAB is adopted to realize this coverage algorithm.


Pixton is an interesting comic creation site that can for the teacher and the students on creating dialogue during the teaching and learning process. This research was aimed at revealing the use of Pixton to improve students' creativity on creating dialogue. This is a descriptive study in which the data from the field was analyzed descriptively. One teacher and three students participated in this research. To investigate the use of Pixton whether it affected the positive roles or not, observation and interview were used. The observation showed that the teacher gave the procedure in using Pixton clearly and the students understand it easily. On the other hand, the interview provided a result that a teacher and a student some ideas about Pixton such as can improve the creativity, easy to access, enjoyable application, etc. Furthermore, there are some, using Pixton also as a way to create a dialogue efficiently and effectively.


The aim of this work is to demonstrate the effectiveness of the photocatalytic process in the Methyl Orange azo dye degradation and simultaneous H2 production by using ZnO doped with ruthenium. Ru-modified ZnO photocatalysts were prepared by precipitation method and were characterized by different techniques (XRF, Raman, XRD, N2 adsorption at −196 °C, and UV–vis DRS). The experiments were carried out in a pyrex cylindrical reactor equipped with a nitrogen distributor device and irradiated by four UV lamps with the main wavelength emission at 365 nm. Different Ru amounts (from 0.10 to 0.50 mol%) were tested in order to establish the optimal amount of the metal to be used for the ZnO doping. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated both in terms of Methyl Orange removal and hydrogen production. The experimental results showed that the best activity, both in terms of H2 production and Methyl Orange degradation, was obtained with the Ru-modified ZnO photocatalyst at 0.25 mol% Ru loading. In particular, after four hours of UV irradiation time, the discoloration and mineralization degree were equal to 83% and 78%, with a simultaneous hydrogen production of 1216 µmol L−1. This result demonstrates the ability of the photocatalytic process to valorize a dye present in wastewater, managing to obtain a hydrogen production comparable with the data present in the literature today in the presence of other sacrificial substances.


A novel guidance law estimation filter (GLEF) based on expectation maximization (EM) algorithm to track anti-ship missile target with mode switching is proposed in this paper. Firstly, joint estimation and identification using EM is to minimize the parameters uncertainty and improve estimation accuracy, which is used only in the special environments in order to decrease the calculation burden. Secondly, a new filter framework just like "electric circuit fault detection" is designed to detect mode change or parameters change. Finally, anti-ship missile's threat index such as the time of flight remaining and the impact angle is estimated. The effectiveness of the proposed method and the performance of GLEF are examined through the numerical simulation.


Today remote administrations are the most favored administrations of the world. The fast increment in the administration is because of the headway of innovation successively. As a supporter turns out to be more mindful of the cell phone innovation, he/she will look for a fitting bundle all together, and including all the propelled elements of a wireless can have. Subsequently, the hunt down new innovation is dependably the principle goal of the prime mobile phone monsters to out enhance their rivals. Also, the principle reason for the fifth era remote systems (5G Wireless systems) is wanted to outline the best remote world that is free from impediments and obstruction of the past eras. 5G advances will change the way most high data transmission clients get to their Mobile Radio Communication (MRC). Along these lines, this paper speaks to, extraordinary advancement of 1G (First Generation) to 4G yield 5G, prologue to 5G innovations, why there is a requirement for 5G, favorable circumstances of 5G systems innovation, outstanding applications, Quality of Service (QoS), 5G organize design. Key PointEvolution from 1G-5G, 5G, All IP Network, Cloud Computing , 5G architecture-The MasterCore, Quality of Service (QoS), 5G-IU, Parallel Multimode (PMM), 5GNetwork Architecture, Need of 5G


Ecological compensation is an important mean to achieve social fairness and justice,to promote the coordinated development of all regions,and ecological environment in harmony.In order to effectively solve the problem of Wei river basin resources protection and regional economic coordinated development,from the perspective of the whole basin,especially regard the several three provinces of Wei river basins as a whole,the author tried to build an integrated and comprehensive system of river basin ecological compensation legal norms,which tried to establish shared-interest compensation system,promote the government,enterprises and citizens interactive collaborative governance,achieve basin-wide social,economic and environmental sustainable development.


The reconfiguration of MEO sub-constellation in hybrid navigation constellation and the reconfiguration measurement in the same orbit were investigated in this paper.The tasks and strategies of optimal reconfiguration were discussed.The simulation results of some MEO sub-constellation showed that the reconfiguration scheme getting from the sub-constellation could satisfy the need of mission conversion.The orbit transferring time was in inverse proportion to energy when the phase and height in orbit transferring were determined.


In this paper we will highlight some important issues which will influence the redefinition of roles and responsibilities of libraries and librarians in a networked based educational environment. Although librarians will also keep their traditional roles of faculty support services as well as reference service and research assistance, we identify the participation in the instructional design process, the support in the evaluation, development and use of a proper authoring system and the customization of information access, as being the domains where libraries and librarians should mainly involve themselves in the next future and make profit of their expertise in information and knowledge organization in order to properly and effectively support the institutions in the use of Information Technology in


Retinal disease remains a significant cause of blindness to date. It is much more prevalent in the older population. Treatment efforts to restore retinal function through transplantation have been made for decades. Stem cells of embryonic and adult origin are just beginning to be studied for their potential to differentiate into retinal neurons and incorporate into damaged retinas. Researchers have demonstrated that grafted stem cells survive, migrate, differentiate and integrate within the retina to degrees not observed with other cellular sources. These transplants adopt retina-like morphologies and show synaptic reconnection and some visual recovery in animal studies. Our understanding of stem cell biology and of biochemical ways to manipulate these cells into becoming specific phenotypes is deepening. Further investigation is needed in order to achieve better results before efforts can move into human trials.


Ethnic problems, the majority of which have already reached to the level of exacting terrorism, are one of the most important global problems in the 21st century. With the effect of the globalization process, some demands which can be considered as group rights (such as secessionism, self-determination, self-governance and even independence) are coming into question. In this essay, the contribution of the debate between group rights and individual rights to the ethnic problems is being discussed on the EU practices as an example. The EU, which has started to abandon an unclear approach for last decade, has clearly preferred the individual rights approach with its implementation of the Treaty of Lisbon that entered into force in 2009.


Abstract Ceramic strontium ferrites belonging to the M-type hexagonal ferrites have been prepared by the ceramic technique. They were then characterized using x-ray diffraction method and incorporated into natural rubber (NR) matrix according to a specific recipe to produce rubber ferrite composites (RFC). RFC are magnetic polymer composites, which have a variety of applications as flexible magnets, pressure/photo sensors, and microwave absorbers. The mechanical properties were studied using a universal testing machine (UTM) and the magnetic properties were studied using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The present study indicates that flexible magnets having appropriate mechanical strength and magnetic properties can be prepared by the incorporation of strontium ferrite in elastomer matrixes. The magnetic measurements indicated that composites having appreciable coercivity (Hc) and saturation magnetization (Ms) could be synthesized by the incorporation of the ceramic ferrites in natural rubber matrix. It has also been found that the coercivity of the ceramic ferrite and the rubber ferrite composites remained almost the same.


. Recent research into automotive security has shown that once a single vehicle component is compromised, it is often possible to take full control of the vehicle. This paper proposes LeiA , a lightweight authentication protocol for the Controller Area Network (CAN). This protocol allows critical vehicle Electronic Control Units (ECUs) to au-thenticate each other providing compartmentalisation and preventing a number of attacks e.g., where a compromised CD player is able to accelerate the vehicle. LeiA is designed to run under the stringent time and bandwidth constraints of automotive applications and is backwards compatible with existing vehicle infrastructure. The protocol is suitable to be implemented using lightweight cryptographic primitives yet providing appropriate security levels by limiting the usage of every key in the sys-tem. The security of LeiA is proven under the unforgeability assumption of the MAC scheme under chosen message attacks ( uf-cma).


Core ionization in systems with several equivalent atoms gives rise to a set of near-degenerate core-hole states each associated with the removal of an electron from one of the delocalized orbitals. The energy splitting between the core-hole states is the intrinsic feature of core ionized systems and should not be neglected. The conventional equivalent core model (ECM) predicts strictly degenerate core-hole states because the core-hole is thought of as completely localized on one of the equivalent centers. This failure as well as several others inherent to the ECM are successfully removed in the framework of the corrected ECM presented in this paper. Two approaches are available in accordance with the two representations of the core-hole, either delocalized or localized. The Z+1 approximation is an excellent starting point in the localized representation. It must be modified, however, when the delocalized picture is used. To this end we introduce a (Z+Q) system where Q is the magnitude of point charges ad...


The main objective of this study was to find out the extent of female participation in livestock care and management in a salt affected area of Faisalabad. The available studies and general observation of rural family life show that the women in rural areas lack appropriate knowledge regarding feeding, breeding managing and treatment of livestock.


Abstract : Cellular automata simulations can be used to capture many of the essential features of processes that are difficult to model. They are particularly useful in the study of nonlinear dynamical systems that have complex continuous solutions. In this study, cellular automata models have been employed to investigate the nature of the vapor deposition process by exploring the natural evolution of dynamical dissipative systems using self-organized critical system analysis and spatial scaling measures. A new numerical technique is introduced to analyze the intrinsic structure of evolving surface topography in an effort to better understand the dynamics of the growth processes. This technique is being used to validate the integrity of deposition models through a comparative analysis with experimental data and to determine if a correlation exists between intrinsic surface structure and parameters controlling the deposition process.


The subjects for this study were 16, non-pathological, four-person families, each with a child three or four years old and a child six or seven. Half the children were male and half female. The interactions studied involved both parents with one child and then with the other. The content of each remark was studied through a system of language-usage categories. This analysis indicated that older children sent and received a wider variety of messages than younger children did. Also, female children received a higher ratio of positive feedback to negative feedback from parents than males did. Who talks to whom, and who talks the most were also studied. These measures showed the formation of strong same-sex coalitions between parent and child. A number of the findings support a general systems interpretation of family interaction.


The invention discloses a lifting arm support, which is used for high-altitude operation engineering machinery, and comprises a first arm support and a second arm support, wherein both arm supports comprise at least two sections of telescopic arms, and the two sections of telescopic arms are pivoted and can be driven to stretch by a second variable amplitude device. Because the first arm support and the second arm support comprise the at least two sections of telescopic arms respectively, the total heights of the first arm support and the second arm support after being stretched are significantly increased. The lifting arm support provided by the invention can greatly improve the arm support length and the lifting height without increasing the length of each section of telescopic arm and the section number of the telescopic arms, and lays a solid foundation for the further development of large-scale high-altitude operation engineering machinery.


In this Study, the factors that affect the property of the select Properties and the customer satisfaction are suggested along with the application plans for the future in accordance with the Social Responsibility. The total of 350 questionnaires were distributed to the consumers and only 337 good questionnaires were used for the empirical analysis excluding 13 bad questionnaires answered inappropriately. In order to achieve the purpose of the research study SPSS 21.0 Statistical Program utilizing frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis was carried out. FoodService Industry findings on the Social Responsibility, the select properties of the positive (+), influenced and affected the positive (+) to satisfaction of the FoodService Industry select properties. Investigation was to customer satisfaction a great influence on a positive FoodService Industry select properties according to the Social Responsibility, perception and satisfaction in the service of employees. Thus, according to the FoodService Industry select properties on the effects of Customer Satisfaction hypothesis was adopted in part.


In order to discover new compounds with higher antiplatetet activity,coumarin-3-carboxylic acidnicotinic acid prodrugs were designed and synthesized.The target compounds were synthesized utilizing combination principles.Their anti-platelet aggregation activity was evaluated by anti-coagulation assay in vitro.Five compounds were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by IR,MS and 1 H NMR.All target compounds exhibited expectantly much more stronger anti-platelet aggregation activity than that of aspirin in vitro.Furthermore,the compound6ashowed the strongest anti-platelet aggregation activity and might be a promising candidate for further intensive study.


Effectively creating, staffing, and giving direction to an innovative design department is essential for companies that need to be on the leading edge of the ceramics decorating industry.