The article examines one of the most pressing problems of modern world politics, which is the reform of the United Nations that is studied in the context of regional cooperation of the member states and its possible intensification in this area. Based on the analysis of diplomatic documents introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, a detailed description of the current state and prospects of cooperation between Norway and Belarus in the direction of reforming the UN is given. Recently, there has been noticed a significant intensification of interaction between the two countries in various spheres of public life both at the European and global levels (consultations between the ministries of foreign affairs and the dialogue of their leaders, the growth of trade turnover, the exchange of technologies, the development of tourism).That stimulates the activities of diplomatic missions of Norway and Belarus to the UN, aimed at adapting and updating the work of the Organization in the light of new trends and processes in international life. The key directions of the UN institutional reform, according to which it is possible to implement the Belarusian-Norwegian cooperation in the studied area, include the Security Council, the General Assembly, the Economic and Social Council, the Human Rights Council, the institute of peacekeeping. Twenty initiatives supported by Minsk and Oslo were considered, which could become the basis for cooperation in this direction. It is emphasized that the reform of the Security Council is most likely to become a starting point for fruitful interaction. At the same time, it will be possible to speak about the significance of steps to deepen it only if at least ten mutually complementary initiatives are implemented. The conditions for realizing the potential of cooperation have been determined as well; they include the creation of a developed legal framework for bilateral relations, their transfer to the level of embassies, the accession of the Republic of Belarus to the ACT Group of which Norway is a member.


The half-life of W188 has been measured to be 69.4 ± 0.5 days. The gamma radiations emitted in the decay of W188 have been studied with an NaI scintillation spectrometer, and the beta radiations by absorption in aluminum. Three gamma rays with energies of 0.290 ± 0.005, 0.227 ± 0.005, and 0.063 ± 0.005 Mev were observed. The intensities of these gamma rays were measured relative to those gamma rays from the daughter activity Re188. The W188 gamma intensities thus deduced are respectively 0.002, 0.001, and about 0.001 per disintegration. The 0.227 and 0.063 gamma rays are in coincidence. It logically follows from the gamma results that 99.3% of the beta radiations go to the ground state of Re188 with an energy of 0.36 ± 0.04 Mev (determined by Feather analysis), while about 0.4% go to an excited state at 0.290 Mev; an upper limit of 0.3% has been set for a beta transition to the 0.063 state. A decay scheme for W188 is proposed.


The material of this case consisted of a 3,5 kg male Chinchilla cat which brought to Selcuk University Veterinary Faculty Animal Hospital with the complaints of anorexia, stagnation, incoordination, watery diarrhea and severe vomiting. Mushroom intoxications suspected according to the anamnesis. False morel poisoning was diagnosed as a result of physical examination and laboratory test and it was confirmed by presence of ingested spore of morel in fecal flotation examination. As a treatment, 0.9% isotonic NaCl (Polyplex, Polifarma ® ) solutions 40 ml/kg via IV, maropitant (Cerenia, Zoetis ® ) 1 mg/kg as an antiemetic and to reduce visceral pain via SC, N-acetylcystein (Nacosel, Haver Farma ® ) 140 mg/kg via IV, vitamins and amino acid supplementation (Duphalyte, Zoetis ® ) via IV are administered. For liver health supplementation SAMe and silybin (Denamarin, Nutramax ® ) 15 mg/kg via PO for 21 days prescribed. On re-examination, the cat was fully recovered. It was concluded that false morel poisoning may cause liver damage, neurologic findings along with the primary gastrointestinal system disorders. Anamnesis, presence of the ingested spore of morel observed during fecal examination is very important in the diagnosis and the prognosis is affected by the magnitude of liver damage.


This paper reports the measurement of transition location change of NLF(2)-0415 swept wing in a low-speed flow along with the attack angle based on sublimation method in a low turbulence wind tunnel mounted at Northwestern Polytechnical University.Results were analyzed by comparison with the experimental data of pressure distribution on a swept wing.Sublimation method referred in this paper is a measurement method that judges the boundary layer transition based on the flow state difference between the laminar area and the turbulence area in a boundary layer.Measurement results indicate that the transition location is gradually close to the leading edge for small attack angles;the transition location is suddenly close to the leading edge when attack angle reaches a certain angle.This is consistent with the experimental results of pressure distribution and indicates that sublimation method can correctly display the transition location.Many factors may affect the transition location of a swept wing,such as the unsteadiness of crosscurrent in boundary layer,the disturbance from tunnel's wall,the three-dimensional flow effect of swept wing and so on,all above will result in the phenomenon that transition line appear a bias when the attack angle is 4 degree.


To determine whether occupational therapy (OT) targeting activities of daily living (ADL) improves functional outcomes for patients after stroke, an


Abstract This study investigates the colours and inks used in diplomatic documents of the Ottoman Empire dating from the 13th to the 20th century. Elemental and spectroscopic analyses were carried out on more than 150 documents using μ-XRF, Raman and FTIR spectroscopy; 10 documents were selected representatively for each century. In addition to the characterization of colour and ink, their use and distribution through the centuries is discussed. Analysis showed the presence of minium, vermilion, red ochre and cochineal (red pigments); lapis lazuli (ultramarine blue), azurite (blue verditer), Prussian blue and smalt (blue pigments); malachite and green earth (green pigments); massicot and yellow lead (yellow respectively orange pigments) and basic lead carbonate and zinc oxide (white pigments). All illuminations were ornamented with gold to demonstrate the power of the Empire and the Emperor. Texts were written in iron gall- and carbon-based black ink (carbon black/soot), cochineal (red) ink and gold.


The use of a compound Weibull distribution in both time and electric field for the description of dielectric breakdown data is examined. It is shown that it is insufficient to measure breakdown experimentally using only a single variable such as a constant electric field, since the evaluation of the minimum number of parameters required to characterise the simplest system requires four independent pieces of information. Applicable statistical relationships are derived and applied to a wide range of experimental data. It is shown that, in general, the information that has been published on dielectric breakdown is limited and does not allow full assessment of the breakdown mechanism. Such information as is available is discussed and some broad conclusions about breakdown mechanisms are proposed.


Cats are a common model system for the anatomy, physiology, and psychophysics of sound localization. There are three main cues to location: Interaural differences in time (ITD) and level (ILD) and monaural spectral shape. Here, the cues were derived from measurements of directional transfer functions, the directional components of head‐related transfer functions. In the frontal hemisphere, spectral notches were present for frequencies from ∼8–16 kHz; the notch frequency increased with increases in source elevation and in azimuth towards the ipsilateral ear. The maximum ITDs were ∼380 s. Maximum ILDs depended on source azimuth and frequency, but were as large as 35 dB at some frequencies. For the psychophysics of localization, cats were trained using operant conditioning to indicate the apparent locations of sounds via gaze shift (combined eye and head movements); eye and head position were measured using the search coil technique. Auditory targets consisted of noise bursts of varying duration, intensities...


Face attribute recognition plays a vital role in face-related tasks. Common face attributes include person age, person gender, mask-wearing, glasses-wearing, etc. Using one network to predict all attributes can save many computation costs. However, these attributes can hardly be fully labelled on every image in the same dataset since the labelling costs and the requirement on the sample balance. In many cases, each of the datasets are labelled with a single attribute. With several such datasets, how to use one network to generate the multi-task predictions for all attributes is a problem. In this paper, we propose a two-level iteration training method for multi-task face attribute learning with task-isolated labels. The two-level iteration method includes a task-level inner iteration and the regular outer iteration. With this scheme, the network receives the gradients from all tasks after each inner iteration. After training, the network is able to predict all attributes. Experiments show the effectiveness of the method and the advantages of multi-task learning over single-task learning on network accuracy and efficiency, which demonstrate the broad applicability and effectiveness of the proposed approach.


We study the staticscalar and pseudoscalar susceptibilities of QCD in the nuclear medium. We show that they become much closer than in the vacuum at normal nuclear matter density, a strong signal of the partial restoration of chiral symmetry.


While optical waveguides for visible and infrared radiation are widely used for many applications, including photonic integrated circuits, optical communications and resonators for lasers, guiding extreme ultraviolet (XUV) radiation below 100 nm is challenging. Since virtually no solid material is transparent at XUV wavelengths, vacuum is the only option for the core. A suitable choice of cladding material can confine the XUV radiation and allow it to propagate with low losses [1], [2]. In this study, we demonstrate multimode hollow-core waveguides formed in a solid substrate that can transport vacuum-ultraviolet radiation from 20 to 200 nm. Figure 1(a, b) shows an example structure of straight hollow-core waveguide and the numerical evaluation results of the fundamental TE mode at a wavelength of 120 nm. To fabricate this waveguide, a NiP plated stainless steel base plate was mechanically machined to form triangular-shaped micro grooves. An ultra-high precision five-axis machining center developed by Canon Inc was used for this process [3]. Another NiP plated substrate was bonded to the top to complete the hollow-core waveguides. The inner surfaces of the waveguides were coated with gold, which acted as a cladding for the waveguides. The longitudinal length of each waveguide was 20 mm and the side length of the triangular cross-section ranged from 4 to $35\ \upmu\mathrm{m}$. The rms roughness of the waveguide surface was less than 1 nm, which is not expected to affect the waveguide performance.


Pattern mining has been a hot issue since it was first proposed for market basket analysis. Even though pattern mining is one of the oldest topic in data mining domain, there are still many ongoing challenges to overcome on this subject since the scale of the data size is getting bigger and the complexity of data structure is getting more complicated.
This dissertation discusses several pattern mining tasks, challenges associated with them, and algorithm designs that overcome these challenges. Specifically, we design and implement techniques for (1) directly mining discriminative patterns from a numeric valued feature set of k-embedded edge subtrees given labeled training data, (2) mining top correlated patterns from transactional databases with low minimum support, and (3) mining flipping correlation patterns from transactional databases given item hierarchy. We evaluate our solutions by conducting comprehensive experiments on large-scale synthetic and real world datasets.


A special PLD-setup for large area deposition of homogeneous YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-x/ (YBCO) thin films and buffer layers as large as 7 cm/spl times/20 cm is presented. A new concept for homogeneous large area substrate heating and the influence of the deposition rate on the film properties is discussed. YBCO is deposited on r-plane sapphire substrates (10 cm/spl times/10 cm) as well as on smaller (2 inch O, 1 cm/spl times/1 cm) SrTiO/sub 3/, MgO, LaAlO/sub 3/, and on yttria stabilized ZrO/sub 2/ substrates distributed over the deposition area. The homogeneity of the deposited YBCO films concerning structural and electrical properties is investigated by XRD, RBS/channeling, and spatially resolved inductive measurements of T/sub c/ and J/sub c/. The variation of J/sub c/ on a 2 inch MgO wafer is less than /spl plusmn/9%, the mean c-axis length is 11.681 /spl Aring/, the FWHMs of the [005] rocking curves are 0.40 and the channeling minimum yield /spl chi//sub min/ varies between 3.7% and 4.9% over the 2 inch wafer. The J/sub c/ values of YBCO on 7 cm x 20 cm in situ buffered sapphire substrates are (2.0/spl plusmn/0.4 MA/cm/sup 2/) at T=77 K and B=0 T.


Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) has been widely used for the treatment of hematopoietic diseases, nonetheless, major challenges persist, including a series of complications. The application of natural killer (NK) cells brings hope for improving the prognosis of patients after allo-HSCT. Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) located on cytomembrane of donor NK cells and KIR-ligands mismatch plays a role in promoting the alloreactivity of NK cells, which maintains graft versus leukemia effects while reducing graft versus host disease. NK cells is the first immune cell subset to recover after allo-HSCT, so the monitoring of NK cells chimerism plays an significant role in predicting the prognosis of diseases and the intervention treatment. Furthermore, NK cells infusion based on chimerism is likely to improve the prognosis, which shows a broad application prospect in hematopoietic diseases. This article is to review the research progress of aforementioned aspects.

Key words:
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; Natural killer cell; Alloreactivity; Chimerism; Graft versus host disease; Graft rejection


This study provides an impact assessment of climate change on energy consumption, based on 'active-deal scenario'. This approach assumes that the amount of electric energy consumption depends on human spontaneous acts against local temperature change. In this study, a statistical model for estimation of the Residential Electric Energy Consumption (REEC) has been developed by using monthly mean temperature and monthly amount of electric energy consumption in the 6 major cities over the 1999-2005 period. The statistical model is utilized to estimate the past and future REEC, and to assess the economic benefits and damage in energy consumption sector. For an estimation of the future REEC, climate change scenario, which is generated by National Institute of Meteorological Research, is utilized in this study. According to the model, it is estimated that over the standard period (1999~2005), there might be economic benefits of about 31 billion Won/year in Seoul due to increasing temperature than in the 1980s. The REEC is also predicted to be gradually reduced across the Korean peninsula since the 2020s. These results suggest that Korea will gain economic benefits in the REEC sector during the 21st century as temperature increases under global warming scenarios.


INTRODUCTION

Cigarette smoke, in its volatile and corpuscular components contains over 4000 injurious substances to the health, 88 of which are surely cancerous for the people.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

We compared different cytological alterations of bronchial mucosa in 194 subjects with chronic bronchopathy, smoking at least 20 cigarettes per day for 20 years.

METHODS

We selected 194 smoking patients, suffering from COPD of different stages, of both sexes and aged between 20 and 75. After carrying out first checks, (chest X-ray, EGA, EGK, spirometry, blood tests) all patients were undergone to bronchial mucosa brushing, by BFS in those areas with evident macroscopic abnormalities l.

OUTCOMES

From endobronchial brushing of checked patients, we obtained the following cytological outcomes:194 smokers with COPD): 0 normal, 6 hyperplasia, 78 metaplasia, 120 dysplasia, 10 positive for cancerous cytological alterations (CTM positive).

CONCUSIONS

This work documents how cigarette smoke causes more severe deteriorations of bronchial cytology in smokers with COPD In the former, damages are worse and often irreversible with positive feed-back of 10 cases for CTM (4.5%). We also confirm the importance in smokers of BFS as a means of monitoring possible cytological turns of bronchial mucosa into malignant atypical.


This contribution is focused on the methodology for identifying levels of quality and improving quality through new logistics model in railway transport. It is oriented on the application of dynamic quality models, which represent an innovative method of evaluation quality services. Through this conception, time factor, expected, and perceived quality in each moment of the transportation process within logistics chain can be taken into account. Various models describe the improvement of the quality which emphases the time factor throughout the whole transportation logistics chain. Quality of services in railway transport can be determined by the existing level of service quality, by detecting the causes of dissatisfaction employees but also customers, to uncover strengths and weaknesses. This new logistics model is able to recognize critical processes in logistic chain. It includes service quality rating that must respect its specific properties, which are unrepeatability, impalpability, their use right at the time they are provided and particularly changeability, which is significant factor in the conditions of rail transport as well. These peculiarities influence the quality of service regarding the constantly increasing requirements and that result in new ways of finding progressive attitudes towards the service quality rating. Keywords—Logistics model, quality, railway transport.


On 18 May 2001 Science magazine ran an article by Robert Koenig titled 'Creationism takes root where Europe, Asia meet'. It documented the increasing success of an anti-evolutionist lobby in securing changes to the Turkish national curriculum and marginalizing scholars who adhere to a secular, Darwinian view of biological change. Many scientists in Turkey, wrote Koenig, 'fear they are losing ground to Turkish creationists in the wider court of public opinion especially in provinces where Islamic fundamentalism is strongest'. One such region is Konya in central Turkey, home to the prehistoric site of <:;atalhoyiik, a key resource for understanding the development of early farming communities and the westward spread of Neolithic economies and lifestyles from their locus of origin in the Middle East. Since 1993 <:;atalhoyiik has been the site of a widely publicized archaeological proj ect, led by Ian Hodder of Stanford University, which has attracted an international team of experts and technical resources that far exceed those available to most prehistoric excavations. The site and Hodder's activities have also attracted the interest of another Science correspondent, Michael Balter, who first covered <:;atalhoyiik in 1998 with,an article titled 'Digging into the life of the mind'. This was followed by a succession of short pieces in the same magazine (a vaila ble at http://www.michaelbalter.com/ articles. php) that raised the profile of the <:;atalhoyiik Research Project, as well as bringing current archaeological debates over the origins of farming and the spread of Indo-European languages to a wider readership. Balter further brought to public attention the sea-change in archaeological interpretation initiated by Hodder under the banner of 'post-processualism', and the importance of <:;atalhoyiik as a pilot project for a new kind of archaeology. While embracing the latest scientific techniques, this new kind of archaeology was to be less confined than its 'processualist' predecessors by the stringencies of evolutionary theory, more open to the symbolic worlds of prehistoric societies and better attuned to the biases and uncertainties of modern interpretations. Perhaps most ambitiously, it was seeking to break down the barriers that traditionally separate fieldwork from interpretation, by housing a large team of specialists on-site and engaging them directly in the decision-making processes of daily excavation an exciting methodological departure, but also a potential source of tension between professional excavators and full-time academics, who are often drawn to fieldwork for quite different reasons. Balter, sensing the makings of a larger story, became a regular fixture at <:;atalhoyiik over a period of six years, during which he conducted extensive interviews with staff members. Some divulged to him highly personal information about themselves, their families, their early careers and professional motivations, which Balter clearly felt would lend necessary human interest to an otherwise dull story of ... well ... 'the dawn of civilization'.


Using ANSYS software the modal of a slender Axle turning on the Lathe was analyzed.The effects and laws of the slender Axle about vibration modal and dynamic rigidity were brought to the light,when all sorts of conditions were changing,such as,principal axis turning speed of the lathe,axial direct force,follower rest,etc.Thereby,the quality of slender Axle to be machined on the lathe with relative measures was improved and raised.


We found phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PtdIns-PLC) activity in nuclei isolated from rat liver. The enzyme hydrolyzed phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol 4-monophosphate (PIP) and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner, and produced inositol mono-, bis-, and triphosphate, respectively. Neither phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, nor phosphatidylserine was utilized as a substrate. After partial hepatectomy, the PtdIns-PLC activity in isolated nuclei increased transiently in the S phase (20-22 h post-hepatectomy), to 2.5-fold higher than in the control, when measured with PIP. This result suggests a close relationship between the nuclear PtdIns-PLC, especially its PIP-hydrolyzing activity, and cell proliferation.


This work deals with the optimal short-term scheduling of general multipurpose batch plants, considering multiple operational characteristics such as sequence-dependent changeovers, temporary storage in the processing units, lots blending, and material flows traceability. A novel Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) discrete-time formulation based on the State-Task Network (STN) is proposed, with new types of constraints for modeling changeovers and storage. We also propose some model extensions for addressing changeovers start; nonpreemptive lots; lots start and sizes; alternative task-unit and task-unit-layout assignments. Computational tests have shown that the proposed model is more effective than a similar model based on the Resource-Task Network (RTN).


The Good Learner project at Inkberrow First School has for the past three years focused on improving children's learning skills. Heather Thomson and Sharon Cole explain


BACKGROUND
Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) has been reported as an inflammatory biomarker and a predictor of prognosis in different types of cancer. However, the role of RDW at diagnosis in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) has been less explored.

OBJECTIVE
We aimed to investigate the association between RDW and the response to treatment and overall survival (OS) in patients with MM.

METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed the data for 196 MM patients between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2015. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression model were used.

RESULTS
High RDW values were associated with lower platelet count, lower hemoglobin levels, lower albumin levels, and higher lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level. Among the entire cohort, the overall response rates (ORR) and complete response (CR) rate of initial therapy were markedly higher in the low-RDW group compared to the high-RDW group. RDW was significant lower in CR in comparison to Non-CR groups in patients treated with bortezomib-based regimens as induction therapy. The patients with low-RDW at diagnosis had better OS when compared to those with high-RDW.

CONCLUSIONS
Elevated RDW was associated with worse survival in patients with MM and could predict treatment responses. Further larger and prospective studies are required.


Preparative techniques and electron microscopy applicable to organic pigments have been illustrated by the phthalocyanines, also showing that particle ablation and changes in shape occur before extensive lattice degradation. Similar radiation damage mechanisms are shown by both the transmission electron microscope and the scanning transmission electron microscope. Lattice resolution in phthalocyanines permits a definition of the primary particle in pigment agglomerates.


provided for mounting in a motor vehicle between two A-pillars, the cockpit having arranged therein and heat-emitting electronic components and having a substantially over the entire length of the cockpit extending cross member, wherein the electronic components are connected via a pipe with a heat absorbing fluid, characterized in that the pipe (11) further to the transverse support (6) and that the cross member (6) produces a load-bearing structure of the cockpit (5), so that the electronic components (10) heat generated (via the pipeline 11) and the heat-receiving fluid support structure directly formed on the (of the cross-member 6) is transmitted.


Fermi-LAT observations have strongly constrained dark matter annihilation through the joint-likelihood analysis of dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs). These constraints are expected to be robust because dSphs have measurable dark matter content and produce negligible astrophysical emission. However, each dSph is dim, with a predicted flux that typically falls below the accuracy of the background model. We show that this significantly diminishes the reliability of previous joint-likelihood algorithms, and develop an improved analysis that directly accounts for the effect of background mismodeling. This method produces more robust limits and detections of dark matter in both real and mock data. We calculate improved limits on the dark matter annihilation cross-section, which differ by nearly a factor of two from previous analyses - despite examining identical data.


With respect to the optical image processing method for detecting the occupation-like body of the vehicle seat, it is advantageous to identify even if the position of the vehicle seat (14) the vehicle seat is occupied. Identifying the position of the vehicle seat, the side surface of the backrest associated with the camera (30) is accomplished by a part of the boundary surface. Vehicle between the sheet and the partition surface and the boundary surface that intersects perpendicularly with the (B) occur portion (T, B), this part is not covered by the vehicle occupant in the direction of at least partially the camera. It is possible to obtain the position of the vehicle seat using an optical image processing method.


The authors report 4 cases of porphyria cutanea tarda in women taking oral contraceptives from a series of 25 cases of this disorder in a total group of 59 cases of several different porphyria syndromes studied since 1965 in Lisbon. These women had no predisposing factors all had classic dermatologic symptoms urinary excretion of uroporphyrin and coproporphyrin and 2 also had increased fecal porphyrins. In 2 cases the cutaneous symptoms appeared after 1 month to 1 year of pill use and regressed completely after stopping pills and taking ATP. The conditions of 2 others was improved for 4 years by taking ATP during extreme photosensitivity.


ABSTRACT A proficient, eco-friendly, and cost-effective catalyst for remediation of organic contaminants in the environment is a burning issue in recent decades. In the present study, the cobalt doped MnO (Co-MnO) photocatalyst was synthesized via cost-effective and environmentally friendly reverse micelle route. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results confirmed the synthesis of well-defined cubic-phased MnO and Co-MnO. XRD structural parameters and Williamson-Hall plot of MnO and Co-MnO samples were also explained in detail. Optical band gap analysis revealed an enhanced red-shift of 2.16 eV for Co-MnO photocatalyst as compared to pristine MnO (2.81 eV). The remediation efficiency of pristine MnO and its cobalt doped sample was also was tested using an organic contaminant crystal violet (CV) dye. Excellent synergistic effects of adsorption and photocatalysis at normal conditions, simple degradation mechanism, impressive kinetic investigation, and the low dose utilization proved that the newly synthesized Co-MnO photocatalyst might have commercial applications for environmental applications.


Visual communication relies on signals that are maximally conspicuous in a given environment. However, light availability is often heterogeneous within a species' range. The best signal in one locality isn't always efficient in another. Despite the fact that lighting environment affects both female preferences and competitor perception of male color displays, few studies examine the effect of lighting environment on both behaviors in parallel. In this study, bluefin killifish (Lucania goodei) were used as a system to test the effects of lighting environment on visual communication. Male L. goodei exhibit a striking distribution of color polymorphisms. Males with blue anal fins are highly abundant in tannin-stained environments, while males with red and yellow fins are more abundant in clear environments. The extent to which male anal coloration affects the outcome of male-male competition and the extent to which this varies between lighting environments is unknown. Here, we hypothesized that blue morphs are favored for sexual selection in tannin-stained environments. Mate choice and male competition assays were conducted to determine the effect of lighting environment on sexual behaviors. Blue morphs were significantly more dominant than red and yellow morphs in tannin-stained environments while all color morphs were equally dominant in clear environments. Female preferences were not detected in either clear or tannin-stained treatments. Our results indicate that male dominance is a key selective force for L. goodei anal fin variation in different lighting environments.


Extreme programming (XP) is currently the most popular agile software development method. It is as its best for small teams developing software subject to rapidly changing requirements. Software configuration management (SCM) is a method of bringing control to the software development process. SCM is known as an indispensable activity that must take place whenever developing software. It is inseparable part of quality -oriented product development regardless of development method. Existing studies show that SCM is partially addressed via XP's collective ownership, small releases, and continuous integration practices. However, current ly there exist very few empirical data on SCM exploitation in XP. This paper reports results from a controlled extreme programming case study supported by well defined SCM activities and tools. Results show that SCM activities and tools, when properly used, provide essential support for XP development process and its practices.


Summary Extremely abundant oil and gas resources in the sedimentary basins of marine carbonate which are of vast areas exist in South China. However, it is very difficult to make a wonderful geophone coupling with the outcrop of hard limestone. And then the qualities of the seismic data are reduced. Now, geophone coupling test is of great blindness due to lack of appropriate theoretical guidance. In this paper, in order to understand fully the transmission mechanism of the geophone-limestone coupling system, considering that the coupling mediums such as gesso, clay and so on are used in field seismic data acquisition, I bring forward the theory of geophonelimestone 3-DOF (degree of freedom) coupling system based on vibration dynamic concept. The geophonelimestone coupling system responses are computed when the parameters of coupling medium, geophone spikes and damping are changed. And we find that the geophonelimestone coupling system is a resonance system which has three resonance frequencies. The results show that the resonance frequency can be increased through increasing the elastic modulus of the coupling medium, decreasing the area of the underside and the height of the coupling medium, using spikes with lower material density and reducing the height of the spike. The results also show that the impact of the narrow frequency bands "band pass filtering" can be decreased by increasing the damping of the coupling system properly. Finally, we preliminary validate the theoretical results of the geophone-limestone 3-DOF coupling system using shake table experiments.


The objective of this work to be conducted by Acurex Environmental Corporation is to create a commercially successful venture to market a low emission coal briquette to the residential heating market in Krakow. During Phase I, small quantities of the briquetted product will be manufactured and tested. Five Polish coals and two Polish sources of binder material will be tested to determine their amenability to forming briquettes. Small-scale combustion tests will also be performed during Phase I to determine the effectiveness of the briquettes to reduce emissions. A preliminary engineering review of the plant will also be performed. The primary results from this period include a formulation study using fines prepared from chunk Brzeszcze coal and a study which revisited the question of dry mixing versus wet mixing. In addition to these studies, preparations for combustion testing continued.


We describe how the reduced phase space quantization of the CGHS model of 2d black hole formation allows one to calculate the backreaction up to any finite order in matter loops. We then analyze the backreaction in the Hawking radiation up to two loops. At one-loop order the Hawking temperature does not change, while at two-loop order the temperature increases three times with respect to the classical value. We argue that such a behavior is consistent with the behaviour of the operator quantization Hawking flux for times which are not too late. For very late times the two-loop flux goes to zero which indicates that the backreaction can stop the black hole evaporation.


CPC and the State paid great attention to forest fire prevention all through the ages.The Journal Forest Fire Prevention witnesses the development course of forest fire prevention in our country.The Journal of Forest Fire Prevention published 32 issues from 2001 to 2008.This paper statistical analyzed the total amount of articles,amount of articles among different columns,literature identification codes,author groups.The flaw of the journal was found and improvement established by this analysis.And this journal will service better for our countrywide forest fire prevention.


Automatic speaker verification (ASV) with ad-hoc microphone arrays has received attention. Unlike traditional microphone arrays, the number of microphones and their spatial arrangement in an ad-hoc microphone array is unknown, which makes conventional multi-channel ASV techniques ineffective in ad-hoc microphone array settings. Recently, an utterance-level ASV with ad-hoc microphone arrays has been proposed, which first extracts utterance-level speaker embeddings from each channel of an ad-hoc microphone array, and then fuses the embeddings for the final verification. However, this method cannot make full use of the cross-channel information. In this paper, we present a novel multi-channel ASV model at the frame-level. Specifically, we add spatiotemporal processing blocks (STB) before the pooling layer, which models the contextual relationship within and between channels and across time, respectively. The channel-attended outputs from STB are sent to the pooling layer to obtain an utterance-level speaker representation. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


We study the N-dimensional Boussinesq system with dissipation and diffusion generalized in terms of fractional Laplacians. In particular, we show that given the critical dissipation, a solution pair remains smooth for all time even with zero diffusivity. In the supercritical case, we obtain component reduction results of regularity criteria and smallness conditions for the global regularity in dimensions two and three.


Press releases published on New Zealand Commerce Commission Vodafone seeks clearance to acquire radio spectrum* The Commerce Commission has received an application from Vodafone New Zealand…


Population growth is heralded as a major problem of India; it will determine to a large extent the living conditions of people for decades to come. This paper analyzes the interrelated issues of population growth stabilization, the magnitude of necessary efforts to provide basic essentials to the growing population, and the impact upon the environment. Estimates of population projections are presented, based on the optimistic but probable assumption that India could reach reproductive level fertility in the period 2000-05. If sustained thereafter, the country's population would stabilize around the year 2100 at 1420 million people. In the mean time, the absolute increase of population in the next 2-3 decades will be greater than at present. The effect of population growth on cities and the living conditions of the city dwellers is reviewed and it is pointed out that it is in developing countries where population growth is the primary force producing large urban centers. Population growth presents problems with respect to employment opportunities. The predicted flood of manpower cannot be totally absorbed by the organized sector; it is argued that the agricultural sector is the only one which can help the country during this period of high population growth. To support this large and rising population, India will need to rapidly increase its average crop yields 2-3 times the present level for a modest improvement process. The expected population growth will also have consequences on environmental deterioration and water supply contamination. Finally, progress on human development lines has been taking place in India, but achievements to date are uneven. It is stressed that a national concerted effort is required to achieve such goals.


The 1996 Farm Bill was debated and passed during one of the best of times in U.S. agriculture and has presided over one of the worst of times in terms of crop prices, market incomes, and government payments. While it is not fair to lay all of crop agriculture's price and income problems at the feet the 1996 legislation, it is fair to assign it much of the blame. Expectations were that the passage of the 1996 Farm Bill marked the dawn of a new era for U.S. agriculture where expanding export markets would fuel agricultural prices and incomes without restraint. Of course these expectations did not materialize. While many suggest a long list of short-run aberrations to blame—the Asian Crisis, exchange rates, trade sanctions, loan rates, emergency payments, etc.—closer examination reveals the fallacy of the supposition that the very nature of crop agriculture had changed. Basic characteristics of crop agricultural markets remain unchanged: the rate of supply growth exceeds demand growth, crop supply is price inelastic, and crop demand is price inelastic. This paper describes the performance of agricultural markets since passage of the 1996 legislation. It also describes and illustrates the basic characteristics of crop agriculture that must be understood to evaluate the policies set forth in 1996. Finally, it summarizes the recent report of the 21 Century Commission and looks at their recommendations in the context of the nature of crop agriculture.


Synchrotron X-ray Near Edge Structure (XANES) experiments were performed on Mn-doped BiFeO3 samples and compared with ab initio XANES calculations. The Fe and Mn K-edge XANES measurements were carried out on Mn-doped BiFeO3 powders (with 5–40 Mn mole%). Both XANES spectra were obtained in a fluorescent mode at ambient temperature with a Ge(111) double crystal monochromator. From the XANES results, it was clearly identified that the oxidation state of both Fe and Mn ions in BiFeO3 structure was +3. The features of the measured Mn K-edge XANES were consistent with ab initio XANES of Mn on the Fe site and inconsistent with Mn on other sites. The clear agreement between measured and ab initio theoretical XANES spectra was the strongest evidence of Mn substituting for Fe in BiFeO3 structure for low Mn content. More interestingly, at higher Mn content, the presence of a second phase precipitation of BiMnO3 and BiMn2O5 was evident. This clearly indicated the Mn solubility limit in the BiFeO3 structure, while the two trace compounds could also be responsible for the relevant properties reported in Mn-doped BiFeO3 materials.


A guide to library resources & services in the areas of Psychological Medicine, Perinatal Mental Health, Sexual Assault, Women's Health Policy & Promotion


In this paper, a current-voltage characteristics of n-channel junctionless and inversion mode(IM) MuGFET, and p-channel junctionless and accumulation mode(AM) MuGFET has been measured and analyzed for the application in high speed and low power switching devices. From the variation of the threshold voltage and the saturation drain current with the substrate bias voltages, their variations in IM devices are larger than junctionless devices for n-channel devices, but their variations in junctioness devices are larger than AM devices for p-channel devices. The variations of transconductance with substrate biases are more significant in p-channel devices than n-channel devices. From the characteristics of subthreshold swing, it was observed that the S value is almost independent on the substrate biases in n-channel devices and p-channel junctionless devices but it is increased with the increase of the substrate biases in p-channel AM devices. For the application in high speed and low power switching devices using the substrate biases, IM device is better than junctionless devices for n-channel devices and junctionless device is better than AM devices for p-channel devices.


Aimed at the recognition accuracy problem of feather defects caused by the impacts of camera angle,the idea of invariant moment is introduced into feather defect recognition. To identify the feather defects,the method based on support vector machine( SVM),by extracting feature vector with PseudoZernike moment,was proposed. Simulation experiments show that the algorithm can better tolerate the image translation,rotation and scaling transformation with characteristics of fast recognition speed and high recognition accuracy,and it is also good adaptability for noise and light changes.


During a placement on an acute paediatric ward, I witnessed the death of a child for the first time. As a nursing student in child branch I knew that eventually I might have to deal with such a death but, thankfully, it is a rare occurrence.


It has been reported that the weldability of the spot weld joint with initial gap is strongly influenced by the contact between electrode and plate. The state of contact during the welding largely depends on the deformation in the squeezing process. On the other hand, the characteristics of the deformation change with the geometry of the joint and the material property. Thus, the authors analyzed the deformation under squeezing process by the Finite Element Method to clarify the effects of geometry and material properties. Based on the numerical analyses, the squeezing process is shown to be divided into three stages with respect to plastic deformation and large deformation. Further, to predict the electrode force required to close the initial gap, two methods, using parametric curves and approximatin curves respectively, are proposed.


Many statistical problems can be formulated as discrete missing data problems (MDPs). Examples include change‐point problems, capture and recapture models, sample survey with non‐response, zero‐inflated Poisson models, medical screening/diagnostic tests and bioassay. This paper proposes an exact non‐iterative sampling algorithm to obtain independently and identically distributed (i.i.d.) samples from posterior distribution in discrete MDPs. The new algorithm is essentially a conditional sampling, thus completely avoiding problems of convergence and slow convergence in iterative algorithms such as Markov chain Monte Carlo. Different from the general inverse Bayes formulae (IBF) sampler of Tan, Tian and Ng (Statistica Sinica, 13, 2003, 625), the implementation of the new algorithm requires neither the expectation maximization nor the sampling importance resampling algorithms. The key idea is to first utilize the sampling‐wise IBF to derive the conditional distribution of the missing data given the observed data, and then to draw i.i.d. samples from the complete‐data posterior distribution. We first illustrate the method with a performing example and then apply the method to contingency tables with one supplemental margin for an human immunodeficiency virus study.


This article addresses a central question in the literature on collective action and infrastructure maintenance: what variables contribute to the successful maintenance of public services at the community level? This research compares two tenements 1 within the same municipality in India, one which successfully maintains its sanitation infrastructure and the other which does not. The findings point to often ignored variables like location of sanitation infrastructure, bundling of public services and citizen-bureaucrat linkages that contribute to successful sanitation maintenance. *Sai Balakrishnan's paper was awarded an Honorable Mention in the "Places We Live" research paper competition held by the International Housing Coalition (IHC), USAID, The World Bank, Cities Alliance, and the Woodrow Wilson Center's Comparative Urban Studies Program (CUSP). This paper was presented at the "Places We Live: Slums and Urban Poverty in the Developing World" policy workshop in Washington, DC on April 30, 2010. 1 Tenements, as public housing units are called in India, are 3-4 story flats constructed by the state for housing relocated slum dwellers.


In order to discuss pro Japanese Chinese literature in the Manchurian area, the present study paid attention first to the logic of 'The theory of the realm of peace and prosperity(王道樂土論)' and 'The theory of harmony of the five races(五族協和論)', the mottos that the government of Manchukuo(滿洲國) put up from the outset of the state. The foundation of Manchukuo was promoted not by the voluntary will of the residents in the Manchurian area but by the invasive policy of Japanese imperialism, and thus the 'The theory of the realm of peace and prosperity' insisted on by Manchukuo had to be overshadowed by the power of Japanese imperialism that was pursuing supremacy over Asia. Nevertheless, most of pro Japanese people in Manchukuo justified their pro Japanese logic based on 'The theory of the realm of peace and prosperity.' It was because 'the theory of the realm of peace and prosperity' wore a Confucian coat and thus the pro Japanese people could justify their being pro Japanese for the cause of Confucian royalty to the king and patriotism. While 'The theory of the realm of peace and prosperity' functioned as a national ideal on the foundation of the country in combination with emperor centered imperialism, 'The theory of harmony of the five races' was logic for national integration proposed as social implementation of 'The theory of the realm of peace and prosperity.' In 'The theory of harmony of the five races,' 'the five races(五族)' meant the major peoples living in Manchukuo, which were Manchurians, Chinese, Mongolians, Koreans and Japanese. In addition, 'harmony(協和)' meant cooperation and peace among the peoples. The authorities of Japanese imperialism and Manchukuo spread the idea through the society arbitrarily and disguised the logic of imperialism shrewdly. Therefore, the logic to spread monarchism through 'the Manchurian Concordia Association (滿洲協和會)', to attain cooperation and peace among the races in Manchukuo, and then to take the harmony for the base of the promotion of people's will and the conveyance of the ruler's will to people was in fact nothing but a sophism to keep people ignorant and uncritical, submitting, complying and cooperating to monarchism and imperialism. In brief, 'The theory of harmony of the five races' outwardly took the form of equality pursued by an independent country, but in reality, it was typical pro Japanese logic aiming to win over Manchurian residents. 'The theory of the realm of peace and prosperity' and 'The theory of harmony of the five races' penetrated rapidly into pro Japanese literature in those days. In particular, the writers of the 'Yiwenzhi group(藝文志派)', which was a representative group of pro Japanese authors in Manchukuo, advocated 'Write-Printism(寫印主義)' and maintained that writers must commit themselves to writing and publication purposelessly. This may be the literary reflection of 'The theory of the realm of peace and prosperity' lacking criticism of realities and 'The theory of harmony of the five races' supporting blind cooperation and reconciliation.


Readers of Socialist Register cannot fail to have noted a steady flow of texts by a group of writers in England which has attempted nothing less than the cleansing of marxism of all its impurities. From this vast stream, we have chosen to examine one particular current-the work associated with Barry Hindess and Paul Hirst, especially their four book length statements: Pre-capitalist modes of production (hereafter PCICIP), Mode of production and social formation (an autocritique of PCMP, hereafter MPSF), and the two volume work Marx's "capital" and capitalism today (MCCT I, II). The latter, in particular, "intervenes" politically and may be taken to condense the socialism of their project. Despite our authors' bans and proscriptions, we happen to believe that we are living in a material world which has a history. It is thus, for us, of some moment briefly to stress the location of their work within one wider tradition which has entailed an extraordinary intellectualisation of both marxist theory and the socialist project. The work we are criticising represents perhaps the most notorious example of this. There is thus a similarity in the styles and practices of this kind of work and its basic division between mental and manual labour-contributing to the deskilling of the working class that has accompanied the restructuring of capitalism since the 1950s. These two bases have important implications for the notions of socialism within the texts we are examining.


Inadequate nutrition of the preterm infant, especially the very low birthweight (VLBW) and extremely low birthweight (ELBW) infant, has long-lasting adverse consequences. Despite advancement in many aspects of clinical care of VLBW/ELBW infants, there is significant variability between neonatologists in the means of providing nutrition. More uniform guidelines based on the best available scientific evidence are needed. The objective of this review is to provide the neonatologist with evidence-based guidelines for the nutritional management of VLBW/ELBW infants.


Two-dimension finite element method is adopted to analyze dynamic response of straight continuous buried pipeline. The soil surrounding the pipeline is supposed of equivalent linear viscoelastic model. Goodman contact elements are added between pipe elements and soil elements in order to simulate relative slip between pipe and soil. Wilson-θ method is utilized to compute dynamic time-history response of soil-pipe system. The effects of wave amplitude, pipeline buried depth, soil-pipe friction, soil materials and input angles are also studied in the paper.


Oxazole derivatives of ferrocene have been synthesized. Acetyl ferrocene was reacted with substituted benzaldehyde to get substituted chalcones of ferrocene. These were further reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride to get oxazole derivatives. Synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, and H 1 -NMR spectroscopy, these were further evaluated for their Antibacterial activity. KeywordsAcetyl ferrocene, spectral data and anti-bacterial activity. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 21-12-2018 Date of acceptance: 05-01-2019 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


If successful solution of the infinitely varied pedagogical problems as a result of the teacher to consider from the perspective of deontological and competence approaches, the main competences of the teacher becomes formedness. If as a methodological basis for assessing the effectiveness of teaching activities we choose anthropological and cultural studies approaches, we will focus on the level of formation of pedagogical culture of the teacher. Culture pedagogical thinking there is a component of pedagogical culture. On the basis of analysis of psychological and educational literature theoretically proved a direct link between the level of culture of pedagogical thinking and expression of competence of the teacher; a model of the structure of the culture of pedagogical thinking, including individual-personal, situational-activity, competence components; it will diagnose the level of development of the culture of pedagogical thinking, in particular, in the preparation of students for future teachers.


Even though special education is not a new profession, the motives and ethics of many special education teachers are often suspect? people wonder whether this field was chosen simply because jobs are now plentiful in it or because federal support is so readily available. They question whether special education involves a commitment different from other service professions, or a coherent philosophy?a code of ethics to which all practitioners adhere. Unfortunately, this confusion over values and attitudes is not confined to those outside the profession. If any representative group of special educators were required to elaborate honestly their career rationales, a number of contrasting motives would undoubtedly be cited. Some would give simple, even naive reasons; others, complex ones. The explanations for their choice would range from the altruistic to the selfish, from the intimately personal to the widely shared. Finally, many practitioners would not be able to express, or even to understand, their own profes sional rationales. Confusion over career rationales, however, should not obscure the fact that a number of clearly identifiable motives influence the work of special educators. Some of these motives appear to reflect the public ideals of the profession?they would be regarded as4 'appropriate" by most special educators. Others seem rather crass?publicly they would be regarded as "inappropriate" by most special educators. Collectively, these contrasting rationales comprise much of the un spoken value system of special education?a value system whose ethical ideals can appear at odds with the real motives and observable actions of many of its practitioners. Since these contrasting rationales influence the conduct of special educators, it would appear useful to analyze at least the more com mon ones. At the very least, such an analysis may provide some in sight into special education's discrete and occasionally contradictory practices, which are not always well understood by either its prac titioners or their professional colleagues. Since the practices of spe cial educators are analogous to those of other "service professionals' '


10 Behera G, Tripathy N, Maru YK, et al. Role of virtual bronchoscopy in children with a vegetable foreign body in the tracheobronchial tree. J Laryngol Otol 2014; 128:1078–1083. 11 Calloway HE, Kimbell JS, Davis SD, et al. Comparison of endoscopic versus 3D CT derived airway measurements. Laryngoscope 2013; 123:2136–2141. 12 de Kleijn BJ, Kraeima J, Wachters JE, et al. Virtual 3D planning of tracheostomy placement and clinical applicability of 3D cannula design: a three-step study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 275:451–457. 13 Han B, Liu Y, Zhang X, et al. Three-dimensional printing as an aid to airway evaluation after tracheotomy in a patient with laryngeal carcinoma. BMC Anesthesiol 2016; 16:6. 14 Liu CC, Huang YC, Yeh PH. Three-dimensional printing technology: an aid for preoperative airway evaluation in patient with situs inversus totalis. J Clin Anesth 2019; 54:55–56. 15 Wilson CA, Arthurs OJ, Black AE, et al. Printed three-dimensional airway model assists planning of single-lung ventilation in a small child. Br J Anaesth 2015; 115:616–620.


Nowdays, the use of medicinal plants has been very common. Colocynth, Scientific name is Citrullus colocynthis in traditional medicine used to relieve pain and inflammation. The of aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of ethanol extract of Colocynth root on pro-inflammatory cytokine COX-2, INOS, IL-1β , TNF-α and NO, PGE2 on Inflammatory cells, similar osteoarthritis in chondrocyte cells and monocytes/macrophages and then treating them. At first the ethanol extract of the Citrullus colocynthis plant was prepared from the Iranian biological resource center. Then chondrocyte cells and THP-1 monocyte / macrophages (5 × 105 cells/well) were incubated at a humidity of 90%, 5% CO2, 37oC for 72 h with control media alone or Citrullus colocynthis at concentrations of 70 μg/ml. One set of cells was activated by 20 μl LPS 20, then active cells are exposed to ethanol extract. And finally, cells tested with two control, cells and inflamed cells with LPS20, then results were evaluated Real Time PCR. Our review of the three levels of normal cells and inflamed cells and cells treated with ethanol extract of roots of Citrullus colocynthis plant with 20 ng/ml LPS20 showed that plant can reduce the expression of inflammatory cytokine and pro–inflammatory cytokine COX-2, INOS, TNF-α in Chondrocyte cells and reduced expression levels of TNF-α in THP-1 monocytes / macrophages and was reduced production of NO, PGE2. Our observations indicated that ethanol extract of root Citrullus colocynthis can reduce expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in inflamed cells caused by situation same osteoarthritis, and we can use this plant for the treatment osteoarthritis in the future.


Although the pathological dislocation of hip caused by supprative coxitis in infancy was treated hitherto by subtrochanteric osteotomy. Three cases, whose femoral heads remained relatively good, were operated by acetabuloplasty with satisfactory results. Author emphasized that roentgenograms should be taken in various positions to detect the deformied, but well remained heads.


The design of construction organization is important economic technical document of guiding construction. When assign the task,factors such as target duration,construction quality,safety management,civil construction and coordinate cooperation should be considered. Therefore,whether the design of construction organization is reasonable concerns the success or failure of the whole construction.


The temperature of earth at a certain depth about 2 to 3 m the temperature of ground remains nearly constant throughout the year. This constant temperature is called the undisturbed temperature of earth which remains higher than the outside temperature in winter and lower than the outside temperature in summer. When ambient air is drawn through buried pipes, the air is cooled in summer and heated in winter, before it is used for ventilation. The earth air heat exchanger can fulfil in both purpose heating in winter and cooling in summer. This paper investigates the experimental studies on earth air heat exchanger system in parallel connection in the summer climate. In the proposed work to investigates the experimental studies on earth tube heat exchanger cooling of air in summer and heating with air in winter climate in LNCT Energy Park Raisen Road Bhopal, M.P.


An estimated 3.2 million children die annually as a result of diarrheal diseases while hundreds of millions more suffer from frequent episodes of diarrhea and impaired nutritional status. Up to 70% of the 1400 million episodes of diarrhea worldwide in children under age 5 cause this morbidity and mortality may be due to pathogens which can be transmitted through food. Breast milk is the ideal source of nutrients and protection against diarrhea and exposure to foodborne pathogens for infants in their first months of life. As foodstuffs are added to supplement childrens diets at ages 4-6 months, infants increase their potential exposure to contaminants borne in foodstuffs, especially E. coli. Food may become contaminated with nightsoil, polluted water, flies, pests, domestic animals, unclean utensils and pots, food handlers, dust, and dirt. Raw foods may also harbor pathogens or be obtained from infected animals. Making food several hours before eating and storing it at temperatures suitable for the growth of bacteria, and cooking or reheating food insufficiency to reduce or eliminate pathogens are practices which especially place food at risk for being contaminated and consumed. Cooking food thoroughly and eating it as soon as it is cool enough for consumption would therefore control the majority of contaminants in food and a significant number of foodborne episodes of diarrhea. Socioeconomic and cultural constraints, however, often impede such behavior and may be the result of food storages, beliefs or habits, inadequate supplies of safe water and lack of sanitation facilities, shortages of cooking fuel or other facilities for the safe preparation and storage of food, and/or lack of time to prepare food. Little attention has been given to teach mothers and care-givers about food safety. They need to be taught which measures to take to reduce the risk of exposure to foodborne pathogens. Moreover, an integrated approach is called for.


He-Ne laser irradiation (0.01-6 J/cm 3 ) of the blood and neutrophile suspension in vitro was shown to modulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in healthy donors. Intravascular laser irradiation of the blood (5 mW, 30 minutes, daily) of the patients with chronic gastric ulcer during first 5 days resulted in increasing stimul-induced ROS production in patients with the low initial chemiluminescence response and its decreasing in patients with the high initial chemiluminescence response


means assured. While denying that, in the short run, the Church plans to &dquo;cut the groups adrift&dquo; or that the future course of CEB development is &dquo;irreversibly set,&dquo; Hewitt is less than sanguine concerning their prospects. Asserting that the &dquo;same institution that has nurtured the CEBs seems well positioned to orchestrate their downfall, and capable of doing so, should this be its desire,&dquo; he argues that &dquo;in the long run, if trends within the institutional Church continue, the demise of the Brazilian CEBs ... is almost certain.&dquo; In such circumstances, he suggests, a policy of disengagement and dissociation from the institutional Church may prove &dquo;the only option left to the CEBs if they are ever to realize their potential as transform-


To enhance terahertz emission from an optically excited semiconductor surface, we propose to sandwich a thin (as compared to the terahertz wavelength) semiconductor layer between a dielectric hyperhemispherical lens and metal substrate. The layer is excited through the lens. The substrate provides constructive interference of terahertz waves emitted to the lens directly from the layer and reflected by the substrate. The lens outcouples terahertz radiation into free space. For InAs layer sandwiched between MgO (or sapphire) lens and metal substrate, our theory predicts order of magnitude increase in the terahertz yield as compared to the previous schemes of terahertz emission from semiconductor surfaces. Generation of femtosecond electromagnetic pulses from semiconductor surfaces, " Appl. Optoelectronic measurement of semiconductor surfaces and interfaces with femtosecond optics, " J. Development and application of terahertz pulsed imaging for nondestructive inspection of pharmaceutical tablet, " IEEE J. THz electromagnetic emission by coherent infrared-active phonons, " Phys. Generation of high-power terahertz pulses in a prism, " Opt. High average-power THz radiation from femtosecond laser-irradiated InAs in a magnetic field and its elliptical polarization characteristics, " J. Origin of magnetic field enhancement in the generation of terahertz radiation from semiconductor surfaces, " Opt. Terahertz emission from lateral photo-Dember currents, " Opt. Intense terahertz emission from a-plane InN surface, " Appl. enhancement of terahertz radiation from semiconductor surfaces using MgO hemispherical lens coupler, " Appl. Emission of collimated THz pulses from photo-excited semiconductors, " Semicond.


Abstract A photcatalyst-free photoredox synthesis of diaryl selenides has been developed by coupling reaction of diselenides with aryldiazo sulfones. The reaction was accelerated under visible light irradiation without using a photocatalyst or photosensitizer. This approach facilitates the synthesis of diaryl selendes with a wide range of functional group tolerance. Graphical Abstract


In this report we would like to describe the different situations at coadsorption processes of different elements on Si surface and try to classify them using mainly the results which have been obtained in our department. It has been shown that new three-component surface phases are formed at equilibrium situation in the systems like Al--Au, Au--In, Au--Ag, In--Ag, and Al--Sb. One kind of adsorbate can crowd out the other during the coadsorption. This is illustrated for Al--H, Ag--H, Al--Au, Sb--Al, and others. Situation {open_quotes}change a partner{close_quotes} is shown on Al--N/Si(111) system. Aluminum displaces silicon from the silicon-nitride (nitrogen changes the partner) and forms aluminum-nitride epitaxial film on Si surface. The influence of the surface species on the epitaxial growth is also considered.


The article deals with the method of synthesis, allowing producing primary power supply simulators of spacecrafts with required dynamic accuracy.


Molecular profiling of tumor specimens is a key contributor in the application of precision medicine toward patient care in oncology. The presence of genetic mutational data may provide insight into the etiology of the cancer and inform about the available therapeutic options for patients diagnosed with various cancer types. However, the ability to centrally organize, structure, and visualize this genetic data can be hindered by the lack of necessary computational infrastructure. Here we present a somatic tumor data visualization portal titled STAMPede that utilizes tumor sequencing data from an in-house solid tumor oncology sequencing panel at Stanford Health Care. STAMPede is intended to provide Stanford healthcare providers and clinical researchers an easy to navigate web-based portal to query and display gene-, variant-, and cancer-level summary statistics.


See related article, p 2381

Beyond intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator (IV-tPA), the field of acute ischemic stroke suffers from a lack of safe and effective treatments aimed at both proximal thrombus dissolution and return of flow to the microcirculation. Larger thrombi have notoriously proven to be resistant to IV-tPA lysis with recanalization rates in the range of only 13% to 20%.1,2 Even if endovascular treatment of ischemic stroke is proven to improve clinical outcomes, there will still be many patients with residual partial or complete occlusion after IV-tPA alone suffering ischemia, whereas waiting for catheter rescue. The lag between endovascular team activation and groin puncture requires precious minutes-to-hours for team assembly. For example, in the Interventional Management of Stroke-3 clinical trial, the average time from tPA bolus to intraarterial therapy was 2.2 hours.3

Therefore, development of combination therapies for acute ischemic stroke that can be delivered quickly in the emergency setting is crucial. Adjunctive therapies to IV-tPA can take many forms to include medical or mechanical, but any of these must be started early to augment the effect of IV-tPA.4 Ongoing strategies that are in either phase II or III clinical trials include thrombin-inhibition, sonothrombolysis, and platelet-inhibition.

In this issue of Stroke , the results of the Combined Approach to Lysis Utilizing Eptifibatide and rt-PA in Acute Ischemic Stroke–Enhanced Regimen (CLEAR-ER) study are published.5 This is a multicenter, double-blind, randomized phase II safety trial of 0.9 mg/kg 0 to 3 hours IV-tPA versus 0.6 mg/kg 0 to 3 hours IV-tPA+IV eptifibatide (bolus 135 mcg/kg and 2-hour infusion at 0.75 mcg/kg per minute). CLEAR-ER sought to estimate the safety and efficacy of combination GP Ib/IIIa+reduced dose IV-tPA when delivered to hyperacute ischemic stroke. The trial was sponsored by the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of …


Abstract— Previous studies of arterial smooth muscle have shown that inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and cyclic ADP-ribose mobilize Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. In contrast, little is known about Ca2+ mobilization by nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a pyridine nucleotide derived from &bgr;-NADP+. We show here that intracellular dialysis of nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) induces spatially restricted "bursts" of Ca2+ release that initiate a global Ca2+ wave and contraction in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Depletion of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ stores with thapsigargin and inhibition of ryanodine receptors with ryanodine, respectively, block the global Ca2+ waves by NAADP. Under these conditions, however, localized Ca2+ bursts are still observed. In contrast, xestospongin C, an IP3 receptor antagonist, had no effect on Ca2+ signals by NAADP. We propose that NAADP mobilizes Ca2+ via a 2-pool mechanism, and that initial Ca2+ bursts are amplified by subsequent sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release via ryanodine receptors but not via IP3 receptors.


composite implicit fixed point iteration process with errors for a finite family of generalized asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in a uniformly convex Banach space. Applying opial condition of the space and semi-compact condition of the operator,we prove that this iteration process strongly converges(or weakly converge) to a common fixed point for a finite family of generalized asymptotically quasi-nonexpansive mappings.Our results extend and generalize some well known results.


Background The pathological subtype of osteosarcoma is one of the most common malignant bone tumors. Notably, chemotherapy-resistant metastatic osteosarcoma has been reported to cause significant mortality and shows poor prognosis with the currently available multidisciplinary treatments. This study investigated whether combined adoptive TIL and anti-PD1 therapy improves the prognosis of patients with chemotherapy-resistant metastatic osteosarcoma. Methods A total of 60 patients with chemotherapy-resistant metastatic osteosarcoma between June 2016 and March 2018 were enrolled. The primary endpoint was to evaluate the safety and adverse effects (AEs) of infusions of TIL and anti-PD1 therapy in the patients. Besides, secondary endpoints included assessing the objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival time (PFS), and overall survival time (OS). Results We reported that combined TIL therapy and anti-PD1 therapy is safe and all treatment-related AEs were reversible or manageable. The ORR of all the patients is 36.67%, and patients with more infusions of TIL and CD8+TIL, less infusions of CD8+PD1+TIL, and less infusion of CD4+FoxP3+TIL exhibited increased PFS and OS. Conclusion This study determined that combined TIL and anti-PD1 therapy is safe and effective in metastatic osteosarcoma patients with chemotherapy resistance.


The article focuses on the creation of credit organizations network by the Poltava provincial local council to support and develop handicrafts, in particular pottery, and the production of ceramic refractories. The article looks at several ways of obtaining funds for the development of handicraft industry, especially the pottery industry which was distinguished by the Poltava provincial local council in a separate category, and for raising its production and artistic level. Here belongs the bank industrial loan which was allocated by the state bank, although not all manufacturers could use it. The second way is a well-established mechanism of state financing of pottery educational institutions, in particular the Opishnenskaia, Postavmutskaia workshops, the Mirhorod Art and Industrial School named after Mykola Hohol, as well as provincial tile workshops and tile-and-brick factories, whose network was increasing with each passing year. One more way was formation of mutual benefit funds, credit societies. Their active growth was observed in Romenskyi, Kostyantynohradskyi, Hadyatskyi, Zinkovskyi and Mirhorodskyi counties. Such forms of financial support solved the production problems of most potters of the province.

Credit societies were regarded by the zemstvo not only as financial mutual assistance but also as a guarantor of their members' activity. Poltava provincial zemstvo could act as a guarantor of fulfillment by its member of obligations to organizations-manufacturers of tools for artisanal production. The positive thing was also the fact that financial capability of the credit societies were not limited to their own funds. They could borrow from banks under a contractual arrangement or get the State Bank loans for development of handicraft business. The formation of the credit organizations network by the zemstvo contributed to the development of handicrafts, pottery in particular, as well as to the intensive production of environmentally friendly ceramic refractory materials and to an increase in the economic potential of the province.


Computer vision applications for traffic scene analysis and autonomous navigation (driver support) require highly sophisticated sensors and computation methods – they constitute a real challenge for image analysis systems. Common to both applications is the moving object detec-tion/tracking task. In this paper we study this task on four different data abstraction levels: image segmentation, 2-D object tracking, model-based 3-D object tracking and many-object traffic scene description. Two meanings of the term " adaptive " are considered: learning algorithms or connectionist systems and recursive estimation for dynamic systems. Generally the first approach may be applied for low-and segmentation-level analysis of finite image sequences, whereas the second approach is suitable for 2-D and 3-D object tracking and estimation.


The use of an array of loudspeaker elements for an acoustic sounder antenna is discussed. The effect of variations between the phase and amplitude of individual elements in the array is investigated and measurements are compared with the predicted radiation patterns for both a 6*6 square array and a 2*12 rectangular array of re-entrant horn loudspeakers.


Contextualizing technology and digitalization in a period of having to meet sustainable development goals (SDGs), requires a paradigm shift which calls for collaboration from multiple stakeholders. The current turbulent environment requires an investigation into ways of adopting the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) as a pertinent mechanism for accelerating sustainable development goals. The need to formulate a conceptual framework and adapt it to the South African context, requires careful mapping of the elements of 4IR, the relevant infrastructure and resources There has been perceptions instigating resistance towards the SDGs, hence the need to develop the conceptual framework. The exploratory research method fitted well as its nature a systematic review to effect and respond to the abovementioned investigation. The study reviewed about 70 articles of which 53 of those were peer-reviewed articles within 4th industrial revolution in South Africa as set for ecosystem. Due to limited research on the topic, possible impacting variables that added immeasurable value were explored as contributing factors the study. Both reviewed literature and government archive on 4th industrial revolution revealed how the ecosystems of 4IR accelerated the achievement of SDGs in South Africa. The study further singled smart factories, smart cities, integrated systems, green technologies, cybernetics, the internet of people, the internet of energy, and the internet of things as contributing factors towards 4IR. The recommended the applicability


Automated dynamic validation through assertion checking has been proposed in recent years to ensure program correctness [3,7]. This method has shown to be useful for validating large scale programs. When used in parallel with debugging aids, it can be useful for early detecting and properly locating errors. In this paper, we provide a theoretical basis for assertion checking with regard to validation of program correctness. This gives some guidelines for inserting assertions within the program. An assertion language is provided for stating assertions. Salient features of this language are provided. A language preprocessor is designed to process source program inserted with assertions to generate source code acceptable to the existing compiler. Finally, future extentions to the assertion language and limitations of assertion checking to ensure program correctness are discussed.


In spite of the reported efficacy and safety of antimuscarinics in men with OAB (overactive bladder) and BPO (benign prostatic obstruction), many patients do not persist with the treatment. We aimed to evaluate persistence and the reasons for the discontinuation of solifenacin add‐on therapy in men with residual symptoms of OAB after tamsulosin monotherapy for BPO in a real clinical environment.


We investigate the properties of a degenerate dilute gas of neutral fermionic particles in a harmonic trap that interact via dipole-dipole forces. We employ the semiclassical Thomas-Fermi method and discuss the Dirac correction to the interaction energy. A nearly analytic as well as an exact numerical minimization of the Thomas-Fermi-Dirac energy functional are performed in order to obtain the density distribution. We determine the stability of the system as a function of the interaction strength, the particle number, and the trap geometry. We find that there are interaction strengths and particle numbers for which the gas cannot be trapped stably in a spherically symmetric trap, but both prolate and oblate traps will work successfully.


PROOF. Suppose P: M-+N is a bounded projection. If N is infinitedimensional, by [3] it must have an infinite-dimensional abelian *subalgebra. Call it N0. Then N0 is isomorphic to Co(X), the continuous functions vanishing a t infinity on some locally compact Hausdorff space X. Thus, by Urysohn's Lemma, there exists a sequence {bk} of orthogonal, positive elements of N0 with ||&*||=1 for all fe = l, 2, • • • . By the Hahn-Banach Theorem we may choose {ƒ&} in N* with ||/A;|| = 1 and fk(b2) = 5^. Since N is separable, the unit ball B of N* is weak* sequentially compact. Thus, taking subsequences if necessary, we may assume that {fk} is weak* convergent. Now P * : N*—»il/f* is weak* continuous, so {P*(fk)} is weak* convergent in Af*. Also P*(fk)(bj)=fk(bj) = Ôkj. But ]£*-iQ>k) e x i s t s i n the s-topology of M, so Theorem III.7 of [l ] applies to give X X I / X & A ) exists uniformly for 7 = 1, 2, • • • , a contradiction. Thus N is finite dimensional. The reverse implication is well known. Q.E.D.


Three varieties of Chinesebox planted in five different ecological environment of Baotou city were selected to analyse the differences of chilling tolerance.The physiological factors related with chilling tolerance were detected in different growth stages,including water content、unsaturated fatty acid and vitamin C contents.The results showed: the water content in summer is higher than that in winter,through which the difference of chilling tolerance in Chinesebox can be distincted,and it can be used as a physiological parameter of chilling tolerance in Chinesebox.There is no evident regularity of unsaturated fatty acid,so it can only regard as a subsidiary parameter.Vitamin C is also has a tendency of higher in summer and lower in winter,so it can be the parameter of chilling tolerance.According to the growth characteristics and physiological traits of three Chinesebox varieties,it concluded that the ranking of the chilling tolerance is : the strongest one isbuxus sempervirens L.,next one is buxus sinicus chengand the weakest one is buxus microphylla sieb.Ed Zucc.


Selective separation of vitamin C from the mixture with 2-ketogluconic acid (the main byproduct from the fermentation process) by reactive extraction using Amberlite LA-2 dissolved in dichloromethane has been analyzed. The mechanism of the interfacial reaction pointed out that, indifferent of the pH value, only one molecule of vitamin C or 2-ketogluconic acid and one of extractant react at the interface, the resulting interfacial product being a hydrophobic ammonium salt. The obtained results indicated that it is possible to separate vitamin C by modifying the aqueous phase pH.


Hadron masses are investigated in the framework of a chirally invariant, effective quark Hamiltonian. The hyperfine, spin-orbit, and tensor forces are found to be connected to the chiral angle, which measures the extent of vacuum condensation. The only finite eigenvalues of this Hamiltonian are shown to be color singlets. The chiral angle is obtained as a solution of the associated mass-gap equation. With the same bare parameters used when studying mesons with light quarks, we are able to account for the spectroscopy of charmonium and the {ital N}-{Delta} mass difference. The results are reasonably good.


The research investigated the extent to which the tendency to perpetrate aggressive behaviour (measured by the Aggressive Questionnaire) among some secondary students in Nigeria is influenced by parental bonding (measured by the Parental Bonding Instrument). Cross-sectional survey was used to collect data from a total of 250 randomly selected respondents aged 15-19 years. They comprised of males 140 (56%) and females 110 (44%). It was found that parental bonding had significant influence on the tendency to perpetrate aggressive behaviour (F = 71.361, df = 3,249, p < 0.01). This finding suggests that students who perceived their parents as caring reported fewer tendencies to perpetrate aggressive acts. Therefore, psychologists need to provide suitable psychological interventions that are targeted towards both parents and children in order to reduce incidence of aggression among adolescent learners. It is recommended that interventions that incorporate social cognitive theory (SCT) components that focus on helping parents to deter their children's involvement in aggression are vital.


This 60-minute tutorial will cover the Communicating Sequential Processes (CSP) model of concurrency---a (re-)emerging concurrent programming model that is increasing in popularity, especially in t...


This paper first collects basic facts about various matrix logarithm algorithms suggested in the literature, based on which some existing Floquet factorization algorithms for the state transition matrices of finite-dimensional linear continuous-time periodic (FDLCP) systems are revisited carefully. Especially, we concentrate our attention on definitions of matrix logarithms, and their numeric computation formulas are stated in a way so that Floquet factorizations algorithms of FDLCP system can be implemetable accordingly. This paper may also serve as a short survey about the well known Floquet theorem.


The growing demand of steel products in a rapidly developing
 economy and increasing levels of imports in the Arab World
 progress the development of local steel production. The steel
 industry develops along the processes most appropriate to local
 resources: DR processes and EAF operation.


This paper expounds the necessity of the cooperative cataloging of library and reference room of university in ethnic regions, analyzes the problems existing in the cooperative cataloging, and advances some method for solving these problems.


This thesis concerns itself with quartz use in the Mesolithic Södertörn. By reviewing the most recent studies in quartz as a material and applying the knowledge of its physical properties as well as symbolical and social meaning I try to explain the quartz-sites common in the Södertörn area during this prehistoric period. Through a case study I look at the distribution of different kinds of quartz and use this information to better understand the function of the site in question and its role in the Södertörn area in general.


The Hindu Kush-Himalayan (HKH) region embraces the greatest agglomeration of high mountains and plateaus in the world. It consists of many distinct but inter-connected mountain ranges and plateaus extending for about 3,500 km from the Hindu Kush of Afghanistan and Pakistan in the northwest, through the Himalayas of India, Nepal, and Bhutan in the central part, to the Hengduan Mountains in southwest China in the east. It contains the world's highest mountains, many above 8,000 metres, together with the world's greatest areal extent and volume of permanent ice and permafrost outside the polar regions. Without doubt, it is central for any understanding of the effects of the current climate warming. One special element of the process of climate warming is its impact on the glaciers, and especially on the development of potentially dangerous glacial lakes within the Hindu Kush-Himalaya region.


The type of this research is Descriptive Quantitative and Qualitative research. It is aimed to find out the motivation which make students in XII Social 6 choose English as an additional subject course and to find out the highest motivation which make students in XII Social 6 choose English as an additional subject course. The subject of this study is the students in class XII social 6 SMAN 1 Kota Bengkulu. In this research, the researcher collected the data by using questionnaire. Then, the data obtained from the questionnaires will be analyzed using SPSS program. The data concerning subjects' general background as well as their comments will be calculated and presented in percentage. A Likert scale will be used to measure the level and type of subjects' learning motivation. According to table that the researcher used to analyze extrinsic and intrinsic motivation of students in choosing English as additional subject, the researcher got the result that show the extrinsic motivation is the highest reason chosen by the students when they chose English as their additional subject course at school than intrinsic motivation. It can be seen from the calculation scores of students intrinsic and extrinsic motivation that showed the total of mean score for extrinsic motivation is 47.5 and the total mean score for intrinsic motivation is 46.62. There are several extrinsic motivation from the students, for example the students prepare to learn English because they want to continue the study or get the works, go abroad and want to try to communicate with the foreigner.


Origanum onites L. is a member of the Labiatae family with many stems up to 65 cm tall and branches up to 13 cm long (1). It is commonly known as thyme, İzmir thyme, Bilyalı thyme or White thyme. 2-3 % of volatile oil is obtained from its aboveground parts through steam distillation. This oil includes phenolic substances such as carvacrol and thymol, (2). Thymol is one of the oldest antibiotics. In medicinal treatments it is used as an antiseptic, antibacterial, antispasmodic, antiasthmatic, expectorant and as a fungicide due to its volatile oils and terpenic materials. Thymol is also used as a starter in the synthesis of some pharmacological active ingredients, for tooth filling, in the preparation of antiseptic baths and soaps and in the preservation of some foods. It is commonly used as a spice also, and is thus exported in large quantities (3, 4). Studies on the productivity and ontogenetic variability of O. onites under the ecological conditions of Bornova have been carried out and it has been noted that an ontogenetic variability exists in the amount of thymol + carvacrol and volatile oil (5). The same report reveals that the effective materials in the plant exist in variable amounts depending on different times of day and vegetative period. It has also been emphasized that the distillates of Origanum oil extracted from Origanum L. species, collected from different sites and plant species also varies (6).


This paper explores, through an empirical analysis European consumers' interest toward nutritional information on wine labels, examining interest, knowledge and understanding of these information. In this regard, results from direct survey with a cross-country sample of 500 wine consumers (i.e. respondents drinking at least once a month) living in Italy, France and Spain are presented and discussed. Preliminary results reveal that consumers are quite confused about the nutritional aspects of wine and tend to be interested in receiving nutritional information on wine labels. However, the interest expressed towards this kind of information differ from country to country and is influenced by other socio-demographic variables. Findings from current research should be valuable to contribute to the debate on updating international and national standards on wine labelling concerning nutrition. At the same time, the research provides a number of useful indications for policy makers in defining future development of wine nutritional labelling programs and in implementing strategies focused in enhancing efficacy and readability of labels.


MEDSURG Nursing—May/June 2010—Vol. 19/No. 3 Purpose The use of a proactive hourly rounding strategy to improve patient satisfaction is described. Inspired by the work of Meade, Bursell, and Ketelsen (2006), staff at Baltimore Washington Medical Center (BWMC) piloted hourly rounding on several units. Although results from this study are not yet available, a brief case study can demonstrate how results at BWMC may compare to the national study. The study's purpose was to determine if patient satisfaction increases significantly as the new strategy is implemented.


Radiograp7hic Diagynosis.' In order toavoidl the descriptioni of the radiogr-aplic al)learances in the differenit forms of conistipation a series of films illustrating the. sever-al varieties of constipation was showrn. Notonlv is radiographic evidlcnce usefuil in conifirmllillng, or othelrwise, a cliniical diag,nosis, but it is of lpaLticular value in excludin-g certaini forms of organic (lisease, suchl as diverticulosis, cairly carCionma, anid other' forms of organic disease which mlay be difficult to exclude witlh certainty by clinical examiniationi; it is also iinvalluabl)e in the accurate diagnosis of these cases in. wthiich more tllan onie variety of constipation is present at the salme tiliie .-as, fol inistance, the coincidence of sp)astic constipation anid rectal dvsclhezia.


With the development of modern logistics, how to surmount original system tie, efficiently integrated various logistics resource, promote the development of abortion trade, have become the important content of distribution park′s program This It dues to through example that the method and the principle of distribution park′s construction and program, has elaborated the importance of distribution park′s program


Since the introduction of Article 40.1 into the Russian Federation Code of Criminal Procedure, the scientific community has debated many of the provisions on entering and using a pre-trial cooperation agreement. In particular, in recent years there has been a question on the procedural status of the person who has entered into a cooperation agreement and is testifying against his/her accomplices (real or contemplated). There are opinions that such a person is a witness in the case against other persons, and, for the competence of his/her testimony, s/he should be warned about criminal liability for refusal to testify and for perjury. Part 2 of Article 45 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation grants everyone the right to protect their rights and freedoms by all means not prohibited by law. Thus, perjury can be regarded as one of the ways of protection, since no one has ever obliged the defendant (accused) to tell the truth. The Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, and it is right, does not provide liability for giving false testimony for the defendant, yet it does for the witness. In the worst case (the deliberate character of false information must first be proved), the accused who entered into a cooperation agreement and gave false testimony against others faces only a review of judgment in accordance with Art. 317.8 of the RF Code of Criminal Procedure. It is well known that according to Pt. 2 of Art. 77 of the RF Criminal Code, confession of guilt in committing a crime can be made the basis of an indictment only if the guilt is confirmed by the available evidence in a criminal case. "Pointing" at the guilt of another person appears to be even less valuable.


By the early sixteenth century, a substantial community of Maratha Brahman scholar families had emerged in Mughal Banaras. These scholar households mobilized substantial cultural and practical resources to address the challenges that 'early modernity' posed to Brahman communities such as themselves. They provided the locale within which reputations were built up and skills passed on. Locating their assemblies in the city's Visvesvara temple, Maratha scholar-intellectuals were able to advertise an arena where disputes could be resolved and Brahman unity restored. Drawing on older universalizing geographies of Brahman identity, they addressed their letters of judgement to Brahman communities across the 'gauḍa' and 'drāviḍa' regions of northern and southern India and appealed explicitly to a 'we' of the pious and discerning, the 'good people' of the Brahman śiṣṭa. This remarkable position of social and intellectual leadership emerged very much within the context of the Mughal imperial framework. The latter's gradual disintegration also spelled the waning of this remarkable social formation within the city, as many of its functions passed to new regional states.


This study investigated whether laparoscopic ultrasound‐guided segment staining and real‐time ultrasound‐guided hepatectomy, with endobronchial ultrasonography equipped with a guide sheath, would be useful for laparoscopic liver segmentectomy in a porcine model.


Graham Harman has proposed a counter-factual literary criticism based on his object-oriented ontology. I argue: 1) that this proposed practical criticism collapses into the existing process of literary culture and is therefore empty, 2) that it implies a Platonic conception of the literary text, 3) that it follows from a rejection of Levi-Strauss's empirical work on myth that dates back to the mid-1970s and 4) that that rejection defended an intentionalist conception of the text, rather than a mechanistic one. As a counter-proposal I examine Pandosto and The Winter's Tale using a method inspired by Levi-Strauss, arguing that the differences between the plots of these two texts can be attributed to different cultural constructions of the family.


Split feasibility problem (SFP) is to find a point which belongs to one convex set in one space, such that its image under a linear transformation belongs to another convex set in the image space. This paper deals with a unified regularized SFP for the convex case. We first construct a self-adaptive regularization iterative algorithm by using Armijo-like search for the SFP and show it converges at a subliner rate of \begin{document}$ O(1/k) $\end{document} , where \begin{document}$ k $\end{document} represents the number of iterations. More interestingly, inspired by the acceleration technique introduced by Nesterov[ 12 ], we present a fast Armijo-like regularization iterative algorithm and show it converges at rate of \begin{document}$ O(1/k^{2}) $\end{document} . The efficiency of the algorithms is demonstrated by some random data and image debluring problems.