Objective To investigate the clinical value and pathological basis of peritumoral hyperenhanced rim(PHR) of renal cell carcinomas(RCCs) on CEUS.Methods CEUS images of 53 patients with 54 renal tumors(27 RCCs,27 renal angiomyolipomas) were analyzed,and the detection and distribution of PHR were evaluated.HE staining and immunohistochemistry of CD34 were performed in tissue surrounding RCCs(TSR) to observe distribution of psuedocapsule,large vessels,and microvasculars among TSR with different modes of PHR.Results PHR was found only in RCCs.PHR distribution between RCCs and angiomyolipomas was statistically different(P0.05).Using PHR to diagnose RCC,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,false positive and false negative was 44.44%(12/27),100%(27/27),100%(12/12),64.29%(27/42),0(0/27) and 35.71%(15/42),respectively.Pseudocapsule distribution between RCCs with PHR and RCCs without PHR was not statistically different(P0.05).There were rich large blood vessels in TSR with PHR in washin and both phases,and few or thimbleful large vessels were found in TSR without PHR in washout phase.Cancer tissue near the boundary(CTNB) of TSR had the highest microvessel density(MVD).MVD differences in different TSR with PHR were statistically different between washin and washout phases,washin and both phases,both phases with PHR and without PHR(P0.05),but no statistical difference was found between washout and both phases(P0.05).Conclusion PHR is a highly specific complementary indicator in diagnosing RCC,and it is correlated with rich blood vessels in TSR and(or) a higher MVD value in CTNB.


Many young people with autism can have an average or above average IQ, yet they still struggle with the social competencies needed to successfully navigate into adulthood. Despite many individuals with autism experiencing significant challenges during their transition into adulthood, evidence‐based therapeutic interventions to support individuals with autism during this transition are limited. The current literature suggests that cognitive behavioural therapy interventions can help improve social skills and the mental health of individuals with autism. However, little is known about the benefits for young adults with autism transitioning or who have transitioned into adulthood.The aim of this research was to deliver a newly developed Cognitive Behavioural Social Competence Therapeutic Intervention for Adults with Autism (CBSCTI‐A) to five young adults with autism. Research aims were to evaluate intervention feasibility and efficacy by triangulating data findings using a mixed methods approach.Results support feasibility, with CBSCTI‐A receiving very high user satisfaction ratings, and adherence to the intervention was high, recorded at ~90%. Fidelity to treatment was also high, ranging from ~86% to ~100%. Quantitative findings indicate that over an eight‐week time period, a small sample of young adults with autism experienced significant improvements with regard to their social motivation, non‐verbal conversation, emotional empathy, assertiveness, interpersonal relationships and self‐control. Qualitative findings provide further anecdotal support for intervention feasibility and efficacy. After the completion of the intervention, participants and their parents were invited to complete semistructured interviews. Thematic analysis (TA) revealed four main themes: user satisfaction, important components of therapeutic intervention, challenges and critiques, and recommendations.CBSCTI‐A appears to be a feasible intervention; however, future research with larger samples and more rigorous controlled trials is needed before efficacy can be established.


The theory of nonparametric regression is a well-established discipline, one branch of which deals with nearest-neighbor (NN) estimation. Only recently, however, the NN regression problem has been addressed in distributed scenarios, such as a wireless sensor network. In this setting, each sensor of the network owns one example (Xi, Yi) from the training set Tn = {(Xi, Yi)}i=1n and, at a certain time, the fusion center (FC) collects some X0. What is the corresponding Y0? By learning from the training set, the answer is known; but now Tn is not directly available to the FC, and computing such an estimate is an open problem. Some clever channel access policy is needed such that, without inter-sensor coordination, the FC recovers the training-set labels it needs to compute the NN regression, while less informative labels are not delivered at all. Even if this access policy were available, in the presence of noisy channels the labels can be recovered only approximately, and how to build a suitable regression function remains not obvious. Less obvious still is to design distributed NN regression functions that are univerally consistent, in the presence of coherent or noncoherent communication channels. In this paper we present a suitable access policy and design two nonparametric NN estimators based upon uncoded communication schemes between sensors and FC; the universal asymptotic consistency of the proposed regression functions is proved.


The Ubajara National Park (PNU) is located in the northwest sector of Ceará state (Brazil), being a natural mosaic composed by rain forest, the main espeological province in the state and the Ibiapaba Glint with the Sertaneja Basin that origins steep landforms of great scenic beauty. The conservation unit also rises as a socioenvironmental research pole though with very few works dealing with geodiversity and geoheritage elements, resulting in a lack of knowledge concerning the nature's abiotic elements. The present work proposes a geoconservation strategy for the Trilha Ubajara-Araticum geosite, where the stratigraphy of the region is best revealed. The methodology started with the inventory, followed by the quantitative assessment and the valorization proposals. The geosite is considered with national relevance according to all of the criteria used in the assessment, rising as a local for scientific, touristic and educational activities due to its characteristics and low degradation risk. Valorization proposals include interpretative panels, postcards, a touristic route and a graphic book, expressing the diverse environmental approaches possible at the site. These proposals show that geoconservation studies have a purpose, integrating environmental interpretation, environmental education and geocomunication concepts.


In this paper, the theoretical approach to the concept of lone motherhood is adopted from 'new' family sociology where families are understood to be dynamic processes constituted by webs of relationships. I analyse life stories written by lone mothers in order to examine the meanings that they give to their lone motherhood in relation to their larger family context. This approach reveals that, along with the concept 'family', the category 'lone motherhood' can be questioned. The life stories show that as with all families, the representations of 'the lone mother family' vary. Lone motherhood emerges less as a distinct family form and more as an experience coloured by the lone mother's position in a web of family relationships, as well as her place in her broader personal, social and historical context.


Connected mobile devices have now reached the age of being perceived as a commodity. Users expect to be able to enjoy the same level of service and performance both on the go and at home. A new wave of cloud-supported services brought about by the integration of machine learning in consumer electronics –such as Smart watches, NEST sensors, and Self-Driving cars –is entering the market with a disruptive power. The Internet of Everything is already on our wrists, cars, buildings, and pockets, and is pushing through new economic models (such as Shared Economy or Data Economy). Current technology is struggling to meet the demands posed by new applications and services; specifically, it lacks the agility needed to adapt to fast-changing business models and technical requirements; it also comes with fragilities as most of our current infrastructures, systems and solutions were not designed to allow massive usage of real-time applications at personal level. Security, connectivity, mobility, latency, and scalability are just some of the many challenges that pave the way towards a seamless user experience. Device-todevice communications along with new business and trust models will dominate the Internet. It is essential for the Internet of Everything to succeed, and that industry, government and academia join forces to build brand new protocol architectures, computing paradigms, and regulatory frameworks designed to support mobility, high performance services, strong security and a fine user privacy granularity adapted to an expanding level of personal data dissemination.


.............................................................................................................................. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...................................................................................................... iv LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................................... xi LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................... xiii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................. xiv CHAPTER


To study the single and combined effect of using Aconitum carmichaeli(AC)with Stephana tetrandrae(ST)in treating inflammatory factors and free radicals.Methods:Prepare the single and combined decoction or AC and ST,introducing them into the peritoneum for 7 days,using the mice and rats inflammation model,and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase and serum lipid peroxidase were determined.Results:Combined AC-ST treatment strengthened the anti-inflammatory effect(carrageenin or formaldehyde induced paw edema and xylene induced ear swellin)of AC and ST alone,AC in particular,it lessened capillary permeability and the content of PGE_2,reduced the AC induced plasma and liver tissue LPO in high level.Conclusion:The result of anti-inflammatory factor and free radical scavenging could be the important mechanism of combined AC-ST reinforced the anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic effect of single AC or ST,particularly the AC.


Abstract The war affects the socio-economic state of Ukraine and is the cause of the deterioration of the economic situation of neighboring countries. Under such conditions, there is a need to carry out assessments of economic losses from the conduct of military operations and forecast the main economic indicators for the nearest period, taking into account the impact of the war. The purpose of the study is to calculate the losses to the economy, the destruction of residential facilities and critical infrastructure facilities in the first 100 days of the war, the assessment of the potential volume of the fall in GDP and the calculation of projected fiscal losses. The calculation of GDP reduction was based on the forecasts of the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank Group and the Government of Ukraine. The expected amount of GDP reduction is calculated using the GAP-analysis method, based on the forecasts made by these institutions in the prewar period, and the calculation of the level of GDP during the war. Based on the results of the conducted research, it was established that the economic losses from the war consist not only of the losses incurred and the reduction of GDP volumes, but also of the lost opportunities for development and unearned profits. In addition to the reduction in GDP, Ukraine's losses are manifested in the increase in the level of public debt, the depreciation of the national currency, the reduction of gold and currency reserves, and the outflow of foreign direct investments3.


Objective To determine the appropriate size of the tube for the thoracic drainage in good efficiency by the experimental study in the influence of the tube size on the flow rate of the fluid with different properties.Methods Three groups were divided according to the different components in the fluid:group A,whole blood with 30% hematocrit; group B,2.5% albumin solution; and group C,0.9% normal saline.The total volume of the fluid was 1000 mL in each group in the experiment.Different sorts of fluids were drained with the chest tubes with different diameters (6F,8F,10F,12F,14F,16F,18F,20F,22F,24F,26F,28F,30F,32F,34F,36F of French F) separately,and the flow rate was calculated.ANOVA was used for the comparison of the differences in flow rate among the groups with given fluid property.Twofactor analysis of variance was used for the analysis of flow rates of fluid with different fluid properties.Curve fitting was performed according to the Poiseuille formula.Results The flow rate was positively correlated with the size of the chest drainage tube.The difference in flow rate among the tubes with difference in size was statistically significant (P < 0.05) but there was no noticeable difference in flow rate between 6F and 8F (P =0.513).The flow rate of the 6F and 8F tubes was higher than that of the control (3.33 mL/min) but there was no significant difference between them (P > 0.05).The flow rate of the tubes in 10F and above was obviously higher than that of control (P < 0.05).The curve was estimated that group A was Q =0.002 9x4,R2 =0.991; group B Q=0.003 2x4,R2 =0.981; group C Q =0.003 4x4,R2 =0.975.When the flow rate was fixed at 3.33 mL/min,the estimated curve in group A was X ≈ 5.82F.Conclusions Our experiment indicated that the chest tube with small diameters (6F-14F) could meet the demand of high efficient drainage in the patients with hemothorax or pleural effusion.

Key words:
Chest tube size ;  Rate of flow;  Poiseuille law;  Curve estimate equation


Interest in meshfree methods in solving boundary-value problems has grown rapidly in recent years. A meshless method that has attracted considerable interest in the community of computational mechanics is built around the idea of modified local Shepard's partition of unity. For these kinds of applications it is fundamental to analyze the order of the approximation in the context of Sobolev spaces. In this paper, we study two different techniques for building modified local Shepard's formulas, and we provide a theoretical analysis for error estimates of the approximation in Sobolev norms. We derive Jackson-type inequalities for h-p cloud functions using the first construction. These estimates are important in the analysis of Galerkin approximations based on local Shepard's formulas or h-p cloud functions.


In the present study, we propose a combined (hybrid) approach of optical manipulation and photochemical reactions for achieving nano-photomechanical motions with small particles. Aa photochemical reactions, we have employed P-type and T-type photochromic reactions of diarylethene (DAE) and pyranoquinazoline (PQ) derivatives, respectively. Single polymer particle containing each of the photochromic compounds was optically trapped in water with a CW visible laser. At this stage, the particle experienced mainly gradient force and was trapped at the focal point of the CW laser. The absorption force was negligible because most of the photochromic molecules in the particle were in the colorless form. UV exposure induced the photoisomerization of the photochromic molecules, resulting in the increase in the number of colored forms. As a result, the absorption force acting on the particle increased and, the position of the particle shifted towards the light propagation direction depending on experimental condition. After turning the UV light off, the particle went back to the original position. The trapped particle thus underwent reciprocal motion synchronizing with the change of photo-response due to the photochromic reactions.


A brief analysis of the need of the auto-running feature is given and some abnormal issues when designing the auto-running feature are discussed. A "first mission planning, automatic running afterwards" working flow is proposed and a detailed design scheme is described. Two key strategies of setting up the AGC parameters and initializing the scans are analyzed and effective solutions are proposed. As the key component of the deep space TT&C station, the DBE has various working modes and parameters, by introducing the application of the auto-running feature, the flexibility and reliability of the system are improved and good results are realized in the relevant tests and actual missions. In addition, it promotes the deep space TT&C stations to achieve the goal of "unattended, remote operation".


Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)is a technique for blood vessel imaging of retinochoroidal atrophy without a vascular contrast agent. Recently, OCTA equipment has been sold on the market and is rapidly becoming a familiar ophthalmic examination modality. OCTA can avoid the risk of allergic reaction to vascular contrast agents and reduces cumbersome examination procedures. OCTA can observe changes in retinochoroidal atrophy pathology at each follow up visit, thus it is considered a highly useful examination technique. In this article, clinical applications of OCTA are given, as well as notable points during examination.


This paper tackles a single-hop wireless sensor network (WSN) where a fusion center (FC) receives data from M energy harvesting (EH) wireless sensors. Each sensor stores its harvested energy losslessly in an infinite capacity battery. In each time slot, K sensors are selected for data transmission over K mutual orthogonal channels. FC knows neither battery states of sensors, nor statistics of EH processes at sensors. FC just knows outcomes of previous transmission attempts. A sensor transmits data if it is scheduled and has enough energy in its battery. FC aims to maximize fairness among EH sensor nodes over the time horizon under the proportionate progress (P-fairness) by using Jain's Fairness Index. Uniforming Random Ordered Policy (UROP) and Myopic Policy (MP) are suggested as solutions to the fairness problem. It is shown both analytically and numerically that under infinite capacity battery assumption, UROP achieves asymptotically optimal performance in fairness under quite general EH process over infinite time horizon. Even with finite capacity batteries, UROP can achieve nearly optimality in fairness over finite time horizons whereas the MP is generally suboptimal.


The nonprofit sector plays a vital role in the quality of life in any community. Challenges such as economic fluctuations, the organization's image in the community, and adverse legislative policies threaten the vitality of organizations. It is incumbent upon nonprofit leaders to help their organizations overcome these challenges. It is therefore important to understand leadership characteristics and practices of organizations that achieve a high-level of performance and have the ability to overcome threats to their success. The purpose of this mixed-method study was to examine the nonprofit sector in northeast Florida, identify a selected sample of high-performing organizations, and understand the relationship between the paid and volunteer leaders. Using quantitative methods, data were collected on 108 nonprofit organizations located in the Jacksonville Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), a 5-county region including Baker, Clay, Duval, Nassau, and St. Johns. The data included demographic information such as financial statistics, longevity of service, and service areas provided by these organizations. The qualitative component of this study included data gathered through interviews with elite informants and nonprofit leaders. Elite informants were interviewed to identify a selected sample of high-performing organizations in northeast Florida. Interviews were conducted with 37 paid executive leaders and volunteer board members from the sample of 10 nonprofit organizations. As a result of these interviews, nine leadership characteristics and practices were identified as characteristic of high-performing nonprofit organizations. CHAPTER


In this paper we present two algorithms to derive sequences of morphological gray-scale opening/closing operators from gray-scale (anti-) granulometries which transform images containing textures of two previously known classes into images within which segmentation can be done simply by using a threshold.


Type II Diabetes Mellitus is, by far the most prevalent type of diabetes,
accounting for over 90% of people with diabetes. Type II diabetes usually occurs in
people over 35 years of age, 80% to 90% of patient is found to be obese at the time of
diagnosis. Prevalence of Type II diabetes increases with age, with above half of the
people diagnosed being older than 55 years. Type II diabetes
is now being seen in an increase in number among children, adolescent and young adults
The long term complications of diabetes make it such a devastating disease.
Diabetes is the leading cause of adult blindness, end stage renal disease, and non
traumatic lower limb amputations. It is also a major contributing factor for heart disease
and stroke. Adult with heart disease have death rates two to four times higher than adult
without diabetes. The risk of stroke is also two to four times higher among people with
diabetes. In addition about 73% of adult with diabetes have hypertension.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY: To assess the predictive factors of Type II Diabetes Mellitus among patients with known diabetes mellitus. To find out the association between predictive factors of Type II Diabetes Mellitus and the selected socio demographic and clinical variables.
CONCLUSION
The main conclusion of the present study was 95(95%) had high risk for
developing type II diabetes mellitus due to lifestyle factors and there was significant
association between predictive factors of type II Diabetes Mellitus and socio
demographic, and clinical variables. The above findings show that lifestyle factors are the
most predominant cause of Type II Diabetes Mellitus. It is evident that developing
countries need to make drastic changes in their way of living and habits in order to
safeguard their citizens from systemic diseases like Type II Diabetes Mellitus.


This paper introduces a new labeling called an odd prime labeling. Standard graphs like path, complete bipartite graph, wheel and other wheel related graphs including generalized Petersen graph P(n, 2) have been proved to be odd prime in this paper.


Tibetan chunking is aimed at identifying syntactic constituent in Tibetan sentences to facilitate further analysis of sentences.According to the unique characteristics of Tibetan,the paper puts forward an error-driven learning strategy to identify the chunk boundary based on the description system of Tibetan syntactic functional chunk.The specific idea is as follows:we recognize the chunk boundary using the Conditional Random Fields(CRFs)model at first.Then the recognition result is refined through Transformation-based Error-driven Learning(TBL)method and the CRFs error-driven method.The F values of both methods increase 1.65%and 8.36%,respectively.Finally we combine these two error-driven techniques.In the experiment of the Tibetan corpus which contains 18073 words,the precision,recall and F value achieves 94.1%,94.76%and 94.43%,respectively.


"Symmetry, Proportions, Order": these three words are repeatedly uttered by Andrew Passeri, a senior craftsman and traditional upholsterer who restores historic furniture for the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston. His emphasis on these words suggests that successful design of three-dimensional works of art depends largely on the precise division of parts and the resolution of spaces in and between these parts. Such divisions are resolved either empirically, using compass divisions and draftsmanship, or more abstractly, using mathematics and geometry. It is not surprising, therefore, that Thomas Sheraton (1751-1806) considered geometry the foundation of lasting art or that Thomas Chippendale (1718-1779) wrote about the importance of understanding classical orders and proportions in architecture and cabinetmaking.1 Geometry, order, and proportions are all fundamental to the subject of symmetry, which was central to the aesthetics of eighteenthand nineteenthcentury art. Chippendale, Sheraton, and many other designers also thought he five classical orders-Tuscan, Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite-and their proportions were of primary importance in creating successful art. By applying classical proportions, they acknowledged the authority of the ancient past, thereby illuminating their own search for universal principles of symmetry and proportions or patterns from an ancient or "divine" plan. The same principles were involved in taking measurements of the human body in order to rationalize proportions in furniture, interior space, and sculpture. Because mankind was thought to be the focal point of an earthcentered universe, measures based on body units-the foot, face, or hand-were employed by many civilizations. The search for absolute harmonies in human proportional form and in the threedimensional arts is an ancient quest. Through generations of refinement and interpretation, proportional systems ultimately deriving from classical antiquity have found their way into American furniture, architecture, and sculpture over the past three centuries. Measurement ideals for the human body are generally based on Renaissance art theory, which took inspiration from antiquity. The proportions of today's high-fashion models often conform to the ten face length, ideal figural standards articulated by Marcus Vitruvius Pollio, a celebrated Roman architect who served under Julius Caesar and Augustus. He explained Thomas Crauford, Orpheus and Cerberus (detail), 1839. Marble, 67 1/2 in. high. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Gift of ll: and Mirs. Cornelius Vermeule III.


The task of exploring and analysing large quantities of communication network security data is difficult. Visualisation of the data should help the analyses and make data exploration faster and easier. This paper describes prototype software that visualises the alerts effectively and provides a simple presentation. The needs analysis of this prototype is based on the suggested needs of network security analyst's tasks as seen in the literature. The prototype software incorporates various projections of the alert data in 3-dimensional displays. Filtering, drill-down and playback of alerts at variable speed are incorporated to strengthen the analysis. We integrate a false alert classifier using classification tree algorithm to classify alerts into false and true alerts. Real-time visual observation is also included. We describe some example analyses to prove the usefulness of our prototype.


Polyacrylonitrile terpolymers of various compositions consisting of acrylonitrile (AN), itaconic acid (IA) and methyl acrylate (MA) were synthesized by solution polymerization in dimethylsulfoxide. Increase in concentration of either IA or MA retarded the overall polymerization rate and the polymer molecular weight. The system consisting of AN + MA and varying IA concentration was more prone to retardation in comparison with the system composed of AN + IA with variable MA concentration. The retardation factors were quantified. Minor quantities of MA boost the reactivity of IA in the terpolymer system. The terpolymer was richer in MA vis-a-vis the feed. The thermal characteristics of the terpolymer were examined as a function of its composition. In contrast to the copolymer of AN and IA requiring 1–1.5 mol% IA, the terpolymer required an IA content of approximately 2.5 mol% for optimum thermal stability. The polymer with 90 mol% AN, 2.5 mol% IA and 7.5 mol% MA exhibited reasonably good char-forming characteristics and thermal stability. The overall crystallinity and crystallite size of the polymers were found to decrease on incorporation of the comonomers. The 'aromatization index' of the copolymer increased with the temperature of pyrolysis through re-organization of the tetrahydropyridine ladder structure. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry


Okay, test quiz: What do Tom Cruise, Michael Jordan, Vince Lombardi, Pablo Picasso, Ernest Hemingway, Bill Gates, Henry Ford, Elvis Presley, Winston Churchill, Albert Einstein, and General George Patton all have in common? Supposedly, they all have/had attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or attention deficit disorder (ADD). Amazing! Think about the accomplishments of this distinguished group: the entertainers, entrepreneurs, scientists, artists, and leaders. If kids and adolescents with ADHD/ADD are such a formidable problem, how do we nurture the next generation with these diagnoses so that the world will continue to benefit from these talented people? Children affected with these disorders are often exuberant, inventive, creative, and original, which can lead to outstanding productivity in many professions. We've heard about the chronic problems children with ADHD/ ADD pose with their inattention, overactivity, and impulsivity at home, and most commonly, at school. With ADHD, there are 3 subtypes: (1) the primarily inattentive, (2) the primarily hyperactive, and (3) the combined. I'm not sure, but I think that several of my grade school classmates were affected by these disorders. Several were constantly inattentive, and others, hyperactive. They made teaching a little challenging for the Felician Sisters at the grade school I attended, but I don't think any of my classmates were medicated with stimulants or antidepressants to control their disruptive behavior. The good Sisters had a way of making sure we conformed to classroom rules one way or another—corporal punishment was definitely a treatment option! Interestingly, I don't think any of the parents complained when that was utilized. In fact, I'm sure my dad thought that I was deserving of much more than I received most of the time. The point here is that back in the 1950s, these were not common diagnoses. Some kids were disruptive and difficult to handle, but they were mainstreamed and were not medicated. Nowadays, between 3% and 6% of the general population carries the diagnosis of ADHD alone. According to a most recent report in this edition of Sports Health, ADHD affects up to 10% of children today. In fact, according to one study, 7.3% of 870 interscholastic athletes carry these diagnoses, of which 94% are medicated—interestingly, 4.4% of track athletes and a whopping 17.5% of football players. I don't intend to belittle the chore that a school teacher faces. In fact, I deeply sympathize with them. Keeping kids with ADHD/ADD on task and not disrupting the progress of the rest of the class is a real challenge. However, is it really necessary or beneficial to medicate these children with stimulants and antidepressants? Are there other therapies that might suffice? Unfortunately, many of these children are treated with Ritalin, a schedule 2 narcotic in the same class as amphetamines. While a stimulant may control ADHD/ADD symptoms, it may also stunt growth and cause insomnia. The Drug Enforcement Agency found a 500% increase in the prescription use of Ritalin from 1990 to 1996 and a 400% increase in the use of amphetamines for the same purpose. It's established that 7% to 10% of male Americans are on these drugs at some point during their early years. I can't help but believe that these medications are overprescribed for behavior problems at school and at home. Many of these children may have learning disabilities or other disorders that may lead to the incorrect diagnosis and difficulties at school. I wonder how many are correctly diagnosed. Worse yet is the establishment of the attitude early in life that the answer to social and behavior challenges at home or school is a pill. The good news is that some children appear to grow out of these disorders naturally. However, 60% to 85% of kids with ADHD continue to meet criteria for this diagnosis as teenagers and young adults, and 30% will continue with these issues as mature adults. Knowing that ADHD is self-limited in some kids makes it a seemingly critical decision to prescribe stimulants like Ritalin and Adderall early in life. Consider how Ritalin works on those with these disorders and those without. Described as structurally close to cocaine, it appears to solely effect concentration in some while stimulating the nervous system in others, "creating feelings of alertness that fall somewhere between those produced by caffeine and cocaine." No surprise then that the abuse potential of these medications is enormous! Sales of stimulants for ADHD more than doubled between 2007 and 2012, reaching $9 billion. Survey results show that 1 in 4 teens has misused a prescription drug at least once in their lifetime, while 1 in 8 (14%) has admitted taking stimulants (Ritalin or Adderall) not prescribed for them. Twenty-seven 524355 SPHXXX10.1177/1941738114524355Sports HealthSports Health research-article2014


In this paper, the authors examine the Motor Industry Software Reliability Association (MISRA) Guidelines which address the issues of developing safety-related software for automotive applications. They describe how the guidelines were applied to a project which conducted a safety assessment of an electronic throttle for the X-Type Jaguar automobile. The authors also demonstrate the application of proof techniques to show that software is "safe".


Objective:2,2-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)acetic acid(DDA) is main decomposition product of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(p-chloropheny1)ethane(DDT) in tissues.Polyclonal antibody against DDA was prepared in order to establish an ELISA method for the detection of DDA.Methods:Immunogen can be obtained by coupling DDA to BSA by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminop ropyl) carboimide hydrochloride(EDC).Rabbits were immunized with DDA-BSA to prepare polyclonal antibody against DDA.Results:Under optimal condition,the detection limit of DDA was 20.88 ng/ml,the 50% inhibition(IC50) 115.30 ng/ml,the average recovery 90.05%~106.38%,and the coefficient of variation 1.25%~6.77%.Conclusion:The ELISA method can be used for the detection of DDA in shellfish.


This article examines some of the complexities involved in the intercultural transit of books and politics of translation. Supported by archival research and focusing on the international career of Brazilian writer Erico Verissimo, the paper outlines the publishing process of Verissimo's works in the United States and reveals various responses they drew from editors, translators, and free-lancer readers. I argue that the trajectory of Verissimo's editions in the United States sheds light on publishing procedures, editorial expectations, and cultural filters that impact the screening of foreign literature and the selection of titles for translation.


This chart provides a high-level comparison of the principal features (e.g., purpose, transparency, reporting, voting thresholds, etc.) across three variations of legislation relating to the new corporate forms for conducting social enterprise: legislation proposed by B Lab; legislation enacted by Delaware and Colorado; and legislation enacted in California (flexible purpose) and Washington (social purpose).


This study investigated the extent and magnitude of the woodland edge effects on users` thermal environments according to distance from woodland border. A series of experiments to measure air temperature, relative humidity, wind velocity, MRT and UTCI were conducted over six days between July 31 and August 5, 2015, which corresponded with extremely hot weather, at the south-facing edge of Hadongsongrim(pure Pinus densiflora stands, tree age: , tree height: , canopy closure: 75%, N , E , elevation 7~10m) and east-facing edge of Hamyangsangrim (Quercus serrata-Carpinus tschonoskii community, tree age: 102~125yr/58~123yr, tree height: tree layer layer layer , herbaceous layer coverage ratio 60%, canopy closure: 96%, N , E , elevation 170~180m) in rural villages of Hadong and Hamyang, Korea. The minus result value of depth means woodland`s outside. The depth of edge influence(DEI) on the maximum air temperature, minimum relative humidity and wind speed at maximum air temperature time during the daytime(10:00~17:00) were detected to be , and , respectively, in the mature evergreen conifer woodland of Hadongsongrim. These were detected to be , and , respectively, in the deciduous broadleaf woodland of Hamyansangrim. The DEI on the maximum 10 minutes average MRT, UTCI from the three-dimensional environment absorbed by the human-biometeorological reference person during the daytime(10:00~17:00) were detected to be and , respectively, in the relatively sparse woodland of Hadongsongrim. These were detected to be and , respectively, in the dense and closed woodland of Hadongsongrim. Edge effects on the thermal environments of air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, MRT and UTCI in the sparse woodland of Hadongsongrim were less pronounced than those recorded in densed and closed woodland of Hamyansangrim. The gradient variation was less steep for maximum 10 minutes average UTCI with at least (Hadongsongrim) and (Hamyansangrim) being required to stabilize the UTCI at mature woodlands. Therefore it is suggested that the woodlands buffer widths based on the UTCI values should be 3.5~7.6 m(Hamyansangrim) and 4.3~8.9(Hadongsongrim) m on each side of mature woodlands for users` thermal comfort environments. The woodland edge structure should be multi-layered canopies and closed edge for the buffer effect of woodland edge on woodland users` thermal comfort.


To reduce the uplink channel access latency in LTE/LTE-A, we propose a Transmission Time Interval (TTI) bundling scheme for the random access procedure. With the proposed method, a UE sends multiple preambles in consecutive subframes in order to increase the success rate of random access and hence to reduce the latency. We introduce a Semi-Markov model to accurately model and analyze the random access mechanism with TTI bundling. With this model, we formulate the access latency as a function of the number of TTI bundles and select the optimal value which minimizes the channel access latency. The proposed Semi-Markov model is validated against simulation and the performance of the TTI bundling method is also evaluated. We find that channel access latency can be significantly reduced when the preamble collision rate is not high.


Introduction Although evidence of bene®t from interruption of the renin±angiotensin system on diabetic nephropathy has been produced in type 1 diabetes with the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors [1,2], data have been less compelling in patients with type 2 diabetes. Three new studies [3±5] have recently shown that there are considerable bene®ts to be gained from blocking the effects of angiotensin on the kidney with angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). The studies that have provided these data are the Reduction of Endpoints in NIDDM (non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) with the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan (RENAAL) [3], Irbesartan Microalbuminuria Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Hypertensive Patients (IRMA) [4] and Irbesartan Diabetic Nephropathy Trial (IDNT) [5], all of which were recently reported in the New England Journal of Medicine.


Overseas investment and export trade is the main way to participate in international competition for a country.This paper discusses the development characteristics about United States overseas investment and export trade,and further analyzes the influence between overseas investment and export trade from American.Finally some advice on investment and development strategies suitable for our enterprises to go overseas are proposed.


This article centres around objectification . It offers an analysis of the notions that are involved in this phenomenon, their moral wrongness, as well as the connections that exist between them. Martha Nussbaum has suggested that seven notions are involved in objectification: instrumentality, denial of autonomy, inertness, fungibility, violability, ownership, and denial of subjectivity. She es- pouses the view that the instrumentalisation of human beings (the treatment of human beings instrumentally to achieve our purposes) is especially problematic as compared to the other ways in which we can treat human beings as objects (for example, denying their autonomy and subjectivity, or treating them as violable). In this paper, I argue against the view that instrumentalisation should be thought of as more suspicious from a moral point of view than the rest of the ways in which people can be treated as objects. Singling out extreme instrumentality for being especially problematic might lead us to underestimate the wrongness in- volved in the other ways of treating human beings as objects, and can therefore potentially distort our understanding of what, more generally, is wrong with ob- jectifying human beings.


Objective: Only 12% of the Canadian older adults have adequate health literacy (HL) to understand and handle health information sufficiently. A descriptive correlation study was conducted to describe HL and to examine its relationship with healthcare services use among community-dwelling older adults living with chronic conditions in a distant region of Quebec, Canada.Methods: Data was collected through self-report instruments including the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ), which assesses HL on nine dimensions.Results: Based on health characteristics of the nine HLQ dimensions, the results showed significant differences between subgroups of participants as well as a negative association between the HLQ dimension Appraisal of Health Information and the number of consultations with healthcare professionals (incidence rate ratio: 0.66; p = .027).Conclusions: The results highlight the need to improve older adults HL, in order to improve their health status and use of healthcare services.


Differential privacy is the state-of-the-art formal definition for data release under strong privacy guarantees. We present the local dampening mechanism a differentially private mechanism for non-numeric queries. Our approach is the first to leverage the notion of local sensitivity to reduce noise injected to the output. We develop a theoretical accuracy analysis to show the conditions that our approach performs accurately and we conduct an experimental evaluation with competitors on diverse problems. Those contributions were published on VDLB conference and on the special issue of the VLDB journal. Non-related contributions were published in SBBD, SBRC, CLOSER and FGCS. This work was carried out in cooperation with AT&T Labs Research - USA.


Enolase is an essential enzyme in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. In 2001, the first known case of a human disorder diagnosed as muscle enolase deficiency was found (Comi et al., 2001). The patient carried two heterozygous missense mutations changing glycine 156 to aspartate 156 in one case and glycine 374 to a glutamate 374 in the other. In this study, yeast enolase is used as a model to study the role of G156 (G157 in yeast enolase) and the effects of the G156D mutation in human ββ-enolase. Specifically, site directed mutagenesis was used to change G157 to D in yeast enolase. Spectroscopic studies using fluorescence, circular dichroism, and analytical ultracentrifugation indicated no substantial differences in the conformational foldings of G157D compared to wild-type enolase. The conformational stability of the G157D variant was found to be slightly decreased compared to the wild-type enolase when subjected to chemical or thermal denaturation. The G157D variant is also more susceptible to limited proteolysis by trypsin. The G157D protein exhibits only 0.06% wild-type activity under standard enolase assay conditions. Kinetic studies indicate that the G157D enolase has a higher K M for Mg 2+ , no significant differences in K M for Mn 2+ , and a slightly increased K M for its substrate, 2-phospho-D-glycerate, than has the wild-type enzyme. 2 H kinetic isotope effect studies proved that the first step of enolase catalysis, abstraction of the C-2 proton from 2-PGA becomes more rate limiting for the G157D enolase. Ligand binding studies indicate similar K d for the first Mg 2+ site for both G157D and wild-type enolase. Isothermal titration calorimetry indicates comparable association constants for the second Mn 2+ , PhAH, and 2-PGA/PEP. To further investigate the effects of size and charge upon replacing a small, non-charged glycine residue by a bulky, charged aspartate, G157A, G157N, and G157L yeast enolase variants were also created. Studies on the latter three proteins illustrate correct folding of the proteins and no substantial stability discrepancies compared to the wild-type enzyme. In spite of this, activity studies show that as the size of the amino acid at this site increases, the enzyme activity decreases. It is possible that the small and non-charged properties of G157 are necessary for proper coordination of active site residues to the metal cofactors and the substrate 2-phospho-D-glycerate


AIMS
Heart failure (HF) is associated with obesity, but the relationship between weight change and HF is inconsistent. We examined the relationship between weight change and the incidence of HF in the Korean population.

DESIGN
Retrospective cohort study design.

METHODS AND RESULTS
A total of 11 210 394 subjects (6 198 542 men and 5 011 852 women) >20 years of age were enrolled in this study. Weight change over 4 years divided into seven categories from weight loss ≥15% to weight gain ≥15%. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals for the incidence of HF were analysed. The HR of HF showed a slightly reverse J-shaped curve by increasing weight change in total and >15% weight loss shows the highest HR (HR 1.647) followed by -15 to -10% weight loss (HR = 1.444). When using normal body mass index with stable weight group as a reference, HR of HF decreased as weight increased in underweight subjects and weight gain ≥15% in obesity Stage II showed the highest HR (HR = 2.97). Sustained weight for 4 years in the underweight and obesity Stages I and II increased the incidence of HF (HR = 1.402, 1.092, and 1.566, respectively).

CONCLUSION
Both weight loss and weight gain increased HR for HF. Sustained weight in the obesity or underweight categories increased the incidence of HF.


When President Jimmy Carter entered the White House, he desired a decision-making structure that would be collegial and provide him with a diverse range of policy options from his principal advisors, Secretary of State Cyrus Vance and National Security Advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski. However, their differing outlooks coupled with a desire to control and manage U.S. foreign policy led to a furious and bitter battle to influence the administration's agenda. This thesis analyses the relationship between Vance and Brzezinski and their struggles for the ear of the president.

It was a conflict exacerbated by the institutional rivalry between the National Security Council and the State Department as they battled with one another to affect policy. As issues arose, the president's advisors, supported by their constituencies, jostled to orchestrate the administration's strategies and approach. Subsequently, tensions increased as the conflict between Vance, Brzezinski and their departments developed into unbridled bureaucratic warfare within the Carter administration.

This study utilises the bureaucratic politics paradigm to illustrate how the influence of advisors and organisations can impact on presidential decision-making. While President Carter wanted to be the main decision maker in his administration, his insistence on a system that provided him with a range of advice precipitated the struggles between Vance and Brzezinski. As their disputes intensified, Carter was unable to effectively manage the views and advice of his advisors and formulate a clear strategy. As this thesis demonstrates, the bureaucratic politics model provides an effective framework to analyse the development and implementation of U.S. foreign policy.

While historians have neglected or played down the significance of their clashes, this thesis argues that the rivalry between Vance, Brzezinski, and their respective departments had a clear and visible effect on U.S. foreign policy. The bureaucratic wars raged throughout Carter's time in office, contributing to a tapestry of inconsistencies that resulted in the administration's inability to create a settled foreign policy agenda.


High-density electroencephalography produces large volumes of data. The analysis of EEG data is confounded by the existed of a number of different artefacts such as eye blink and, muscle movement which impede the analysis of the data. Typically, artefacts are removed by visual inspection - an arduous task for high-density recordings. In addition, different researchers use Consistency across different laboratories is often difficult, and in addition, the task has to be repeated for each study. An automated method for artefact identification and removal would be a very useful tool for data processing in this domain. In this study, rough sets is employed as a means of automating artefact identification and removal within the context of EEG analysis using the EEGLAB analysis system. The results from this preliminary study indicate that artefacts can be identified and removed with approximately 85% accuracy.


A pair of books explores past and future U.S. earthquakes On 27 March 1964, a magnitude (M) 9.2 earthquake—the second strongest in recorded history-occurred near Prince William Sound in southern Alaska. The loss of life was relatively small-143 fatalities-but, as Henry Fountain reveals in The Great Quake, the disaster's impact still looms large-both in the lives of those affected by the quake, and in the field of geology. Kathryn Miles's Quakeland, on the other hand, focuses on American earthquakes yet to come, offering a guided tour of seismic and secondary hazards throughout the United States.


We show that the entropy of extremal $D=4$ Reissner--Nordstrom black holes can be computed from horizon CFTs with central charges and conformal weights fixed by the dimensionless Rindler energy. This is possible in the simultaneous extremal and near horizon limit of the black hole which takes the geometry to an $AdS_2$ Rindler space with finite temperature. The CFT description of dilatonic $AdS_2$ black holes, obtained from extremal ones by dimensional reduction, lead to exactly the same CFT states.


The safe temperature in refrigeration scheme innovations in electronic selection has been determined by material constraints and the associated reliability constraints on aggressive microchip miniaturization of electronic components. Cooling system engineers focus on two-phase cooling schemes to take advantage of both cooling systems. This cooling system engineer has the property of fluid convection and latent heat to transfer much larger amounts of heat than singlephase schemes while maintaining lower device temperatures. Several two-phase liquid cooling systems have been recommended to remove high heat fluxes from the devices used in the application. The droplet momentum allows the liquid to penetrate the vapour barrier created by the nucleation bubbles and effectively replenish the surface, both of which are particularly beneficial for high flux cooling. In the droplet development model and simulation using the multi phase LBM method, the important parameter obtained is the maximum spurious currents, which determine the computational stability.


Basarika is one part of the Pranayama, as traditionally conceived, involves much more than merely breathing for relaxation. Basarika is a term with a wide range of meanings. "The regulation of the incoming and outgoing flow of breath with retention.". Basarika also denotes cosmic power. Because of this connection between breath and consciousness. Pranayama has devised basarika to stabilize energy and consciousness. A wavelet transformation is applied to electroencephalograph (EEG) records from persons under basarika. Correlation dimension, largest lyapunov exponent, approximate entropy and coherence values are analyzed. This model & software is used to keep track on the improvement of the persons mind, aging, balance, flexibility, personnel values, mental values, social values, love, sex, knowledge, weight reduction and body fitness.


Complex neurological conditions can give rise to large scale transcriptomic changes that drive disease progression. It is likely that alterations in one or a few transcription factors or cofactors underlie these transcriptomic alterations. Identifying the driving transcription factors/cofactors is a non-trivial problem and a limiting step in the understanding of neurological disorders. Epilepsy has a prevalence of 1% and is the fourth most common neurological disorder. While a number of anti-seizure drugs exist to treat seizures symptomatically, none is curative or preventive. This reflects a lack of understanding of disease progression. We used a novel systems approach to mine transcriptome profiles of rodent and human epileptic brain samples to identify regulators of transcriptional networks in the epileptic brain. We find that Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) regulates differentially expressed genes in epilepsy across multiple rodent models of acquired epilepsy. EZH2 undergoes a prolonged upregulation in the epileptic brain. A transient inhibition of EZH2 immediately after seizure induction robustly increases spontaneous seizure burden weeks later. Thus, EZH2 upregulation is a protective response mounted after a seizure. These findings are the first to characterize a role for EZH2 in opposing epileptogenesis and debut a bioinformatic approach to identify nuclear drivers of complex transcriptional changes in disease. Author Summary Epilepsy is the fourth most common neurological disorder and has been described since the time of Hippocrates. Despite this, no treatments exist to stop epilepsy progression. This is fundamentally due to the complex nature of the disease. Epilepsy is associated with hundreds if not thousands of gene expression changes in the brain that are likely driven by a few key master regulators called transcription factors and cofactors. Finding the aberrantly acting factors is a complex problem that currently lacks a satisfactory solution. We used a novel datamining tool to define key master regulators of gene expression changes across multiple epilepsy models and patient samples. We find that a nuclear enzyme, EZH2, regulates a large number of genes in the rodent and patient epileptic brain and that it's function is protective. Thus, inhibiting EZH2 greatly exacerbates seizure burden. This is the first report of a novel datamining tool to define drivers of large-scale gene changes and is also the first report of EZH2 induction as an endogenous protective response in the epilepsy.


This study aimed to explore legitimacy strategies in Islamic financial institutions andunderstand the process and reason for their shifting over time. A reflective approach was used towards literature data sources and a thematic analysis of interview results. Islamic Banking and financial institutions were seeking a legitimacy strategy by adopting sharia compliance to distinguish them from conventional banks. This study examined the development of Indonesia's Islamic banking and assessed responses from participants with an Islamic banking background. The results showed that the legitimacy strategy of Islamic banking changes over time. Initially, it used labeling, but the stakeholders' pressures and demands have led Islamic banking to change its strategy. It has moved through integrating financial and non-financial performance to a sharia compliance strategy. This study contributes to understanding Islamic banking's legitimacy strategy that has developed over time. Additionally, it helps develop a better legitimacy strategy in line with the future philosophical and ideological basis of Islamicbanking.


Breakthroughs in centipede systematics over the past 25 years have included: a stable morphology-based cladogram for ordinal interrelationships that is largely congruent with well-sampled nuclear ribosomal genes; the discovery of mid Palaeozoic crown-group fossils, including Silurian-Devonian stem-group Scutigeromorpha and an extinct order in the Middle Devonian; and, a web-based catalogue of all centipede species globally. Challenges include species delimitation in several groups, conflict between different kinds of molecular data (nuclear coding genes versus ribosomal genes), the inter-familial relationships and classification of the Geophilomorpha in particular, and effecting a synthesis between microanatomical studies of selected 'model' species and dense taxonomic sampling in numerical phylogenetic analyses.


The Peace Conference of 1919; Organization and Procedure. BY F. S. MARSTON. (London: Oxford University Press. 1944. Pp. xi, 276.) Dealing with a rather technical subject, this book is indeed a model of historical scholarship, supported by maturity of judgment and political insight. As Professor C. K. Webster says in his foreword, the book does not deal with what was done at the peace conference of Versailles, but "how it was done and why it was done in that way." In other words, Dr. Marston's volume deals with the organization and procedure of the peace conference of Versailles. It is his hope that the mistakes made at Versailles will teach us a lesson and that we shall be wiser in the organization of any peace conference which may create a new world system after the second World War.


Conventional statistical analysis includes the capacity to systematically assign individuals to groups. We suggest alternative assignment procedures, utilizing a set of interrelated goal programming formulations. This paper represents an effort to suggest ways by which the discriminant problem might reasonably be addressed via straightforward linear goal programming formulations. Simple and direct, such formulations may ultimately compete with conventional approaches free of the classical assumptions and possessing a stronger intuitive appeal. We further demonstrate via simple illustration the potential of these procedures to play a significant part in addressing the discriminant problem, and indicate fundamental ideas that lay the foundation for other more sophisticated approaches. KeywordsCredit scoring, mathematical programming, multiple criteria and multiple constraint-level programming, Discriminant Analysis.


Objective To investigate the relationship between chronic airway inflammation and pulmonary vascular remodeling and the effect of chronic airway inflammation on vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and endothelin-1(ET-1) in rats.Methods Rat with chronic bronchitis(CB)and emphysema models were established to observe the pathomorphological changes of bronchi and pulmonary artery structure by image analysis.The levels of serum VEGF and plasma ET-1 were detected by ELISA and radioimmunoassay respectively.Results CB and emphysema were observed in model group.The thickness of the tunica media smooth muscles in the bronchial wall were significantly increased and the pathomorphological changes of pulmonary artery in model group were not significantly different from those in model group.The levels of serum VEGF and plasma ET-1 were not significantly higher in the model group than those in control group((P)(0.05).)Conclusions There is no direct effect of chronic airway inflammation on pulmonary vascular remodeling and the levels of VEGF and ET-1 in rats.Hypoxia,that is pathologic basis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),should be emerged if chronic airway inflammation were persisted for long term.So the prevention and cure on airway inflammation should be one of the key points on COPD prevention.


Study on the first reception of Thomas Mann's work in Italy in a historical perspective which analyses the italian critique and translations as well as other aspects that build up the "fortune" of the author; supplemented with a bibliographical inventory.


Biaxial compression tests for granite in the underground caverns of Huangdao State Oil Reserves were virtually simulated using the bonded particle model(BPM) in particle flow code(PFC2D). The mesomechanical parameters corresponding to the macromechanical parameters of indoor compression tests were obtained through trial and error method. The simulated elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio show good agreement with the corresponding values of indoor compression tests. Due to the circle particle in BPM, cohesion and internal friction angle have some certain deviation compared with those of indoor compression tests. The simulated failure pattern of specimens is shear failure along single inclined plane, which agrees with the failure pattern of indoor compression tests. With the calibrated mesomechanical parameters, the microcrack development and energy dissipation of granite were further studied. The results show that there are three main stages during the microcrack development, i.e. stable development stage, rapid increase stage and stable development stage. The changing of boundary energy, strain energy, bond energy, frictional energy and kinetic energy has given an excellent explanation of the mesoscopic mechanics.


A syringe protective device is provided with an outer cylinder body 4, an inner cylinder body 1, and a spring 3. When the spring 3 is released from a compressed state, the inner cylinder body 1 moves backward relative to the outer cylinder body 4 such that a syringe needle 202 is received within the outer cylinder body 4. The syringe protective device is provided with an unlockable pre-lock mechanism which affixes the inner cylinder body 1 to the outer cylinder body 4 while the spring 3 is maintained compressed in the front-rear direction. The pre-lock mechanism is configured so that the inner cylinder body 1 before being moved will be affixed to the outer cylinder body 4 by engaging the protrusion 22 of a ring body 2 with the engagement section of a through-groove section 42.


We tested four hypotheses for the control of partitioning of photoassimilated C-ll between the two halves of split root systems of young barley plants. Our data supported the hypothesis that phloem is unloaded without the use of metabolic energy, since several metabolic inhibitors applied to one half of a split root system reduced respiratory oxygen uptake without altering import of C-ll. The hypothesis that rate of import C-ll is directly related to metabolic activity in the root was rejected, since (a) certain inhibitors reduced respiration but not import and (b) exogenous sucrose reduced import into the root half to which it was supplied. Our data were consistent with the hypothesis that import is related to the total ability (metabolism plus storage) of the sink to use sucrose. Treatments that would have led to greatly decreased use of sucrose (iodoacetate inhibition) decreased import before those which would have led to a smaller decrease in sucrose use (FCCP inhibition). These data, and the reduction in import to a root half supplied exogenously with sucrose, supported the hypothesis that the size of soluble sugar pools within the roots is, in the short-term, inversely proportional to rate of import, the soluble sugar pools thus acting as a mediator between rate of sucrose use and supply from the phloem.


This study aims to investigate if and how the Swedish Government represents ethnic stereotypes in an official discourse about how segregation in school will be reduced and prevented. Thus the mater ...


The urgent need to accelerate on, and make a national success of, the green and digital transition is leading to widespread calls for greater government involvement in the economy, including by means of an active industrial policy. After reviewing several case studies, it becomes evident that, against conventional wisdom, nearly all countries have systematically engaged in some form of industrial policy, especially large economies like the USA and China, notwithstanding their very different economic models. The same is true for Europe, both at the national level and through European Union policies. After analysing these experiences, we draw six key policy lessons to inform future debates on how to shape a successful industrial policy in the years to come and mitigate its risks, while acting in a context of souring geopolitical tensions.


A hardware-in-the-loop real-time simulation platform for permanent magnet linear synchronous motors(PMLSM)was successfully established using National Instruments company products-LabView8.6.1,cRIO9074 and cRIO9004 software and hardware platforms.cRIO9074 and cRIO9004 are used for PMLSM controller simulation and PMLSM model simulation respectively.Their data exchanges were done with high-speed digital anolog cards,and the core algorithms were finished completely in their FPGAs with a high real-time characteristic of 50μs.The successful establishment of the platform can be used to verify the control algorithms for PMLSMs in advance and thus find latent errors earlier,save test costs,reduce test periods and minimize the accident probability.


Abstract Initial evidence suggests that rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) increased at the beginning of the COVID‐19 pandemic. However, much of the prevalence research has focused on survivors' experiences of IPV during the initial lockdown period from March to June 2020. The current study adds to this initial research by centering the experience of a domestic violence agency located in the United States, 3‐months prior to, during, and after the COVID‐19 lockdown. The results suggest a similar pattern across service utilization (e.g., total clients served, calls, safe house capacity) and survivor demographics (e.g., race/ethnicity, cisgender women and men), with an initial decrease in service utilization from pre‐lockdown to lockdown and an increase, surpassing pre‐lockdown, post‐lockdown. The only deviations from this pattern of service utilization were for sexual minority individuals, whose service utilization continued to decline post‐lockdown and Asian American/Pacific Islander and trans/gender‐nonbinary survivors who rarely utilized services across the time period. Additionally, the domestic violence agency relied heavily on their existing finances, well‐rounded staff training, and staff wellbeing throughout the pandemic. The unique challenges that COVID‐19 provided demanded flexibility, increased technological utilization, and additional funding particularly for safe housing. Implications for future research, intervention, and policy change are provided below.


Computer network and communication technology have already been widely used in all aspects of our daily life, but the network security problem is getting more and more prominent, while the network wiretap is one of the biggest challenges of the network security. With the security problem caused by network wiretap becoming more serious, how to monitor the network wiretaps has been the primary problem most researchers have been faced with. By using the ARP cheats to monitor network is a kind of quick and convenient method, which is the topic of this thesis as well.


Identity fusion – a visceral feeling of oneness with a group – is thought to result from the sharing of emotional, often dysphoric, experiences. In this pre-registered longitudinal study, we address the impact of flashbulb memories of learning about the outcome of the Brexit referendum on both identity fusion and social identification. As predicted, the visceral quality of people's flashbulb memories had a transformative effect on personal identity via processes of personal reflection and this, in turn, led to identity fusion via perceived sharedness with the group. Sharing personally transformative memories in this way did not lead to social identification, suggesting that perceived sharedness is key to identity fusion but not to social identification. Understanding how emotional public events impact personal identities and how they produce peculiar forms of group alignment have important implications for explaining and managing societal threats such as polarization and forms of political and religious extremism.


H-bonding in the excited n-$\pi^*$ and $\pi-\pi^*$ states of pyridine and pyrazine is examined by calculating the electric field at different points in space from the CNDO charges. The H bond which is formed in the ground state is broken upon excitation to the n-$\pi^*$ state in pyridine; weak H-bonding is possible in the n-$\pi^*$ state of pyrazine.


The present study explored if the use of wearable exercise tracking technology during exercise supported increased exercise behaviors of frequency, intensity, and time, collectively known as FIT values in university students. Research has shown that increased FIT values equate with stronger, more positive health outcomes and decreased obesity and chronic disease risk. Young adults often gain weight during their college careers, in part due to decreased exercise activities. The purpose of this research was to better understand if the use of wearable technology during exercise might be related to potential positive exercise behaviors among university students. This study employed a quantitative methodology that used the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change to identify where students fell along a motivational continuum to exercise and to use a wearable tracking technology. This analysis illuminates the relationships between the motivational stage of regular wearable technology use during exercise and increased exercise behaviors and simultaneously highlights the potential of wearable exercise tracking technology to increase exercise behavior. The findings of this study suggest that wearable exercise tracking technology may be connected with positive exercise FIT values and may play a role in increasing exercise behaviors in university students. SOLUTIONS & OUTCOMES


Summary Why Don't We Say it? On the Discussion about the Title of a Bishop in Westfalia – a Response to Frank Weyen's Article. The suggestions for change of title is not one about mere names, but about adapting the title to the documented understanding of the character of the office. Even when it seems that the majority of regional synods currently opt against the changing, the questionwill predictably be brought up again by the next generation.


In most near-infrared atmospheric windows, absorption of solar radiation is dominated by the water
vapor self-continuum and yet there is a paucity of measurements in these windows. We report new
laboratory measurements of the self-continuum absorption at temperatures between 293 and 472 K and
pressures from 0.015 to 5 atm in four near-infrared windows between 1 and 4 m (10000-2500 cm-1); the
measurements are made over a wider range of wavenumber, temperatures and pressures than any
previous measurements. They show that the self-continuum in these windows is typically one order of
magnitude stronger than given in representations of the continuum widely used in climate and weather
prediction models. These results are also not consistent with current theories attributing the self
continuum within windows to the far-wings of strong spectral lines in the nearby water vapor absorption
bands; we suggest that they are more consistent with water dimers being the major contributor to the
continuum. The calculated global-average clear-sky atmospheric absorption of solar radiation is
increased by 0.75 W/m2 (which is about 1% of the total clear-sky absorption) by using these new
measurements as compared to calculations with the MT_CKD-2.5 self-continuum model.


The longitudinal and transverse magnetoresistivity of pure nickel and its alloys containing 9.38, 18.77 and 28.32 at.% of copper were measured from room temperature to temperatures well above their Curie temperature in fields up to 10 kOe. A theory based on the well known two-current conduction model proved adequate to explain the temperature dependence observed for the spontaneous resistivity anisotropy Delta rho s/ rho =( Delta rho /sub //s/(T)- Delta rho perpendicular to s(T))/ rho . Based on this theory, the temperature dependence of spin-up ( rho spin upi(T)) and spin-down ( rho spin downi(T)) resistivities was computed. The temperature dependence of resistivity for the two spin directions demonstrated that (i) both s-s and s-d scattering processes contribute to tau spin downi(T) as contrasted with rho spin upi(T) which arises solely from s-d scattering and (ii) contribution to rho spin downi(T) from s spin down-d spin down scattering dominates s spin down-s spin down scattering for temperatures in the immediate vicinity of room temperature, whereas the reverse situation arises for temperatures close to the Curie temperature.


A system (5) erosion of a region (11, 31) formed of corneal tissue of an eye (10) in accordance with the treatment of myopia or hyperopia, comprising: a laser (500) pressed to produce a beam (502) comprising a plurality pressed (N) of laser beam shots of uniform intensity, being directed each of said laser beam shots on a track (528) of the beam; a mechanism (520) for changing said beam via a means (528a) to the original beam path (528b) of different beam according to a predetermined distribution of perforations, wherein said plurality of beam shots they are directed onto said corneal tissue to erode; and a controller (530) for outputting control commands to said mechanism change according to said predetermined distribution of shots to apply said plurality (N) of laser beam shots to said corneal tissue with a spatially exposed distribution lying on a aproximadamenteequivalente area to the surface area of said region (11, 31) formed to erode; wherein said predetermined distribution of shots is based on a uniform shot distribution with a uniform shot density of said plurality (N) of laser beam shots; do characterization that the mechanism (520) includes an optical exchange (522) translation independently controlled mirrors to direct the laser beam between the satellite (528a) and the original laser beam paths (528b) of the selected beam.


The article verifies the adaptation of the activities of Science & Technology to the real dynamics of the agriculture and cattle ranching in Amazon through convergence indicators among the structure of the scientific-technical production of CPATU and the composition of the productions value of the products estimated by the IBGE in the Region. Starting from this two analytic steps are taken: a comparison with the tendencies of the same variables in Brazil as a whole shows a very small convergence with Amazon region; an institutional analysis tries to demonstrate the reason of this performance. In a third moment it shows the present possibilities of change in this tendency.


The paper analyzes the shaft design of the constructing tunnel,indicates the reasonable construction from the construction and the quality control,and points out the rational construction scheme and the construction methods,so as to achieve the sound control over the construction quality in the tunnel shaft construction and solve the resource saving in the shaft construction effectively.


Stelia Aerospace company is specialized in the forming of small (Lmax 1000 mm) sheets for the aerospace industry. In order to diversify the production facilities of Stelia Aerospace we evaluated the capacity of the magnetic pulse forming to produce small parts. The material used is the aluminum alloy 2024-T4. The sheets used have a thickness of 1 mm, 2 mm and 1.6 mm. Stelia Aerospace manufactures more than 100 different small parts but they are all made up of a limited set of elementary geometries. These elementary geometries include: straight and interrupted straight fallen edges, concave and convex fallen edges, fallen edges holes and joggling. In this paper we present the work we have done to develop forming tools for one of these elementary geometries, the straight fallen edge. Special attention is paid to the geometric and metallurgic quality of parts. In order to evaluate dimensional reproducibility of the process, smalls series of parts were produced.Stelia Aerospace company is specialized in the forming of small (Lmax 1000 mm) sheets for the aerospace industry. In order to diversify the production facilities of Stelia Aerospace we evaluated the capacity of the magnetic pulse forming to produce small parts. The material used is the aluminum alloy 2024-T4. The sheets used have a thickness of 1 mm, 2 mm and 1.6 mm. Stelia Aerospace manufactures more than 100 different small parts but they are all made up of a limited set of elementary geometries. These elementary geometries include: straight and interrupted straight fallen edges, concave and convex fallen edges, fallen edges holes and joggling. In this paper we present the work we have done to develop forming tools for one of these elementary geometries, the straight fallen edge. Special attention is paid to the geometric and metallurgic quality of parts. In order to evaluate dimensional reproducibility of the process, smalls series of parts were...


Arial 10) Graphene is a very promising material for a large variety of applications due to its singular properties. These properties can be modified by defect formation in the sample; therefore, the study of these formations could help to control the properties of graphene. Andrey Chuvilin has observed by TEM that in bilayer graphene under electron radiation one type of divacancy defect is formed for lower electronic energies than the displacement threshold energy for monolayer graphene (personal communication). This defect, known as the butterfly defect, is shown in figure 1 and figure. In order to observe the influence that the addition of the second layer has on the creation and stabilization of the butterfly defect, we have studied the change in stability of the defect between monolayer and bilayer graphene and the kinetic process of its creation. We have used the SIESTA method, based on first principles DFT calculations to carry out the calculations. In order to analyze the stability of the butterfly defect in monolayer and bilayer graphene we have calculated its formation energy. The obtained values are shown in table 1. The difference between the formation energies is very small (0.14 eV) compared with the maximum kinetic energy that an atom can obtain (15-20 eV) for typical experimental energies of the incoming electrons (80-100 keV). As the stability of the defect does not explain the experimentally-observed effect, it appears possible that the second layer catalyzes the creation of the butterfly defect, or at least, that of the vacancy. In order to verify this hypothesis, we have simulated the electron-atom collision by giving an initial velocity to one atom. Then, we let the system evolve in time by ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD). In order to know if any atom is expulsed due to the collision with the electron, we determine the emission threshold energy, which, by definition, is the minimum kinetic energy, required to expulse an atom from the system. We observe that the atoms need at least the same amount of energy to be removed in the bilayer system as in the monolayer one. We conclude that no atom can be expulsed to create the butterfly defect. Instead, we consider the formation of a Frenkel defect that could be energetically more favorable: in this case, an atom is expulsed from one layer to create a vacancy, Type of system Formation energy (eV)


2 Abstract: For secure communication, original data may convert into unintelligent format. Encryption technique is used for converting plain data into scrambled message. Since, as a channel provider, for secure communication, may tend to compress the encrypted data due to limited channel resource. As a traditional data processing for privacy usually takes place before encryption or after decryption. This paper focuses on new concept that first encrypt the given original color image then compress the encrypted image using lossy compression technique without any error and without degrading the quality of natural image. The original color image can be encrypted using standard image encryption technique and then perform lossy compression operation on encrypted image. At receiver end user can recover the original content without any error by performing decryption operation to recover original image.


A clinical trial with HDM as consolidation therapy in ALL was started in June 1975. Three courses of HDM, 500 mg/sq.m. at 3-weekly intervals have been used in 74 children with ALL and one with AML. Fourty-six of 53 patients in primary complete remission have been in sustained remission for 6-39 months.The pharmacokinetics of HDM treatment were studied in 11 of these patients and in six other patients with far advanced lymphatic leukemia and other malignancies given a much higher dose of methotrexate (2790 ± 1010 mg/sq.m.). The decay of serum concentration of methotrexate was found to follow a diphasic curve, with an initial serum half-life of 4.8 hours followed by a second half life of 34.4 hours. Apparent volume of distribution was 56.8 litres/sq.m. and distribution equilibrium was not reach before approx. forty hours after start of infusion. Significant levels of methotrexate were found in the cerebrospinal fluid, but the penetration to the cerebrospinal fluid was slow. The concentrations are, however, comparable to those obtained in ventricular fluid after lumbar administration of from 6.25 - 12.5 mg methotrexate/sq.m. Urinary excretion of methotrexate was considerable, and might exceed the limit for methotrexate solubility if the urine is not alkalinized.


Contents: 1. Introduction Part I: Industrial Districts and Firm-Level Entrepreneurship 2. Industrial Districts and Firms 3. The Concept of Firm-Level Entrepreneurship 4. Firm-Level Entrepreneurship as a Framework of Analysis Part II: Four Italian Cases 5. Alessi 6. Geox 7. Illycaffe 8. Luxottica Part III: Entrepreneurial Growth in Industrial Districts 9. Cross-Case Analysis 10. Discussion and Conclusion References


This book is a very useful exploration of the inter-relationship between territorial politics and social policy in the UK, which illuminates both in the process. The Marshallian framework proves to be a useful unifying theme, making the book much more than just a collection of interesting essays (which it also is). Above all, perhaps, it points to the peculiarity of the UK at the start of the twenty-first century, and to the fumbling evolution of its various social policies. Scott Greer concludes: 'if there is to be a "break-up of Britain", it will not come because of some abstract macro-historical obsolescence. It will be because the UK centre failed to negotiate a stable social contract with its individual citizens, and waited too long to negotiate a political contract with its various peoples' (p. 204).


A gas-liquid chromatographic technique was developed for the determination of both acetaldehyde and the 3-4% acetoin side product that results from the brewers' yeast pyruvate decarboxylase (EC 188.8.131.52) catalyzed reaction of pyruvic acid. Employing this method enabled the demonstration of the catalysis of acetaldehyde condensation to acetoin by the enzyme. It was found that the acetoin produced enzymatically from pyruvic acid or from acetaldehyde was optically active, thus providing stereochemical information about the reaction. Deuterium kinetic isotope effects (employing CH3CHO and CH3CDO) were determined on the steady-state kinetic parameters to be 4.5 (Vmax) and 3.2 (Vmax/Kappm), respectively. This enabled, for the first time, the estimation of relative kinetic barriers for steps past decarboxylation. It could be concluded that (a) C-H bond scission was part of rate limitation in the enzyme-catalyzed condensation of acetaldehyde to acetoin and that (b) among the steps leading to the release of acetaldehyde, protonation of the key enamine intermediate was part of rate limitation. This latter finding is also directly applicable to the mechanism of pyruvate decarboxylation.


Via a wireless relay network and / or Internet accessible wireless communications network, the wireless relay module for enabling an alarm recognition and warning in the networked communication between the set of the medical device and the remote monitoring device. Wireless relay module includes a receiver, a first transmitter coupled to the wireless relay network, a second transmitter coupled to the Internet can access the wireless communication network, the controller and the display. The controller identifies whether the medical device data received from the medical device has an alarm status, and displays a warning on the display accordingly. Wireless relay module is added, the audible alarm of the alarm situation and, in order to provide communication in the language between clinicians who are at the health care provider and the remote monitoring device in the field, alone speaker or microphone, It may have combined with. .FIELD 4


The right of freedom of expression can be named as one of the most important rights and freedoms that have been emphasized on by all the international documents of human rights. Despite the fact that the aforementioned right is a universal right, most of the experts believe that it cannot be absolute and in order to be able to support the public and private rights, it must be restricted to some extent. Now the question is that the restrictions on the freedom of expression are needed to be implemented in what frameworks and based on what principles? In reply to that question we can say that ethics, national security, public order and preservation the rights and reputations of others are the key principles of restrictions on freedom of expression.


This paper analyses whether the amount households spend on education depends upon the returns to education prevalent in the region in which they live. To this end, we estimated rates of return to education separately for boys and girls in 33 states and UTs in India. These rates of return were then included in our education expenditure model. Our results clearly indicated that the rate of return to education was highly significant in increasing the amount spent on education by the household both for boys and girls. However, we find that the impact of this variable is much larger at secondary level and for girls.


The blasting delay time directly affects the stability about the roof underground. In order to study the optimized interval time of blasting near underground goaf,a mathematical model of millisecond delay time blast in granite with 2 blast holes was established based on the analysis of practice production interval time at home and abroad. Using the computer simulation,the process of the blast delay time with 3 ms / m、5 ms / m、7 ms / m、8 ms / m were simulated based on ANSYS / LS-DYNA,by which the curve of time-velocity was obtained. The results show that the delay interval time with 28 ms was optimum.


Small, specialized libraries are often unable to provide reference assistance at all hours the library is open. A means was sought to give MBA students guidance in locating standard kinds of management information at hours when librarians are not on duty. For this purpose, a self‐help program was written and installed on an IBM PC which allows users to access frequently‐used sources of information. The program is both a menu‐driven text generator and a database file written first in dBase II, later converted to dBase III+. The program provides the user a hierarchical series of menus from which options are selected to identify sources of specific information of a corporate nature, materials on reserve for class preparation, and items useful for career development. General information regarding the library is also included and serial holdings are now being added.


The origin and modes of transportation and deposition of inorganic sedimentary material of the Black Sea were studied in approximately 60 piston, gravity, and Kasten cores. The investigation showed that the sediment derived from the north and northwest (especially from the Danube) has a low calcite-dolomite ration and a high quartz-feldspar ratio. Rock fragments are generally not abundant; garnet is the principal heavy mineral and illite is the predominant clay mineral. This sedimentary material differs markedly from that carried by Anatolian rivers, which is characterized by a high calcite-dolomite ratio and a low quartz-feldspar ratio. Rock fragments are abundant; pyroxene is the principal heavy mineral and montmorillonite is the predominant clay mineral. In general, the clay fraction is large in all sediments (27.6-86.9 percent), and the lateral distribution indicates an increase in clay content from the coasts toward two centers in the western and eastern Black Sea basin. Illite is the most common clay mineral in the Black Sea sediments. The lateral changes in composition of the clay mineral can easily be traced to the petrologic character of northern (rich in illite) and southern (rich in montmorillonite) source areas. In almost all cores, a rhythmic change of the montmorillonite-illite ratio with depth was observed. These changes may be related to the changing influence of the two provinces during the Holocene and late Pleistocene. Higher montmorillonite content seems to indicate climatic changes, probably stages of glaciation and permafrost in the northern area, at which time the illite supply was diminished to a large extent. The composition of the sand fraction is related to the different petrologic and morphologic characteristics of two major source provinces: (1) a northern province (rich in quartz, feldspars, and garnet) characterized by a low elevation, comprising the Danube basin area and the rivers draining the Russian platform; and (2) a southern province (rich in pyroxene and volcanic and metamorphic rocks) in the mountainous region of Anatolia and the Caucasus, characterized by small but extremely erosive rivers. The textural properties (graded bedding) of the deep-sea sand layers clearly suggest deposition from turbidity currents. The carbonate content of the contemporary sediments ranges from 5 to 65 percent. It increases from the coast to a maximum in two centers in the western and eastern basin. This pattern reflects the distribution of the <2-µ fraction. The contemporary mud sedimentation is governed by two important factors: (1) the deposition of terrigenous allochthonous material of low carbonate content originating from the surrounding hinterland (northern and southern source areas), and (2) the autochthonous production of large quantities of biogenic calcite by coccolithophores during the last period of about 3,000-4,000 years.


Although students of world politics have come increasingly to speak of their empirical domain as a social system, little effort has gone into the systematic observation and measurement of its formal or informal structure. One structural attribute of the inter national system which leaves a definite trace and is therefore readily measurable, is that of alliance patterns. This paper examines all written (peacetime only) alliances among system members, describes the procedures for classifying them, and then transforms such information into quantitative indicators of alliance aggregation for various forms of the international system for every year between 1815 and 1939. Such data make it possible to treat this particular system attribute as either a dependent or an inde pendent variable for purposes of hypothesis testing or exploration in world politics.


A method for characterization of electron multiplier-based pulse counting systems is presented. Specific attention is paid to measurement of the counting system dead time. The systems discussed here are typically used to measure the abundance of ions passing through a mass spectrometer. A method for the determination of dead time by measurement of at least two isotopic ratios of an element with at least three isotopes is given. This method differs from the "text book" method typically used to measure the dead time. The theoretical basis for the measurements is given and an example of measurements of Ti isotopes by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) is shown. Dead time measurements on SIMS instruments can be performed in a few hours of machine time. A brief description of the pulse detection and counting circuit and its operation is also given. Guidelines for the proper measurement of pulse shapes and the determination of reasonable settings for electron multiplier gain, preamplifier gain, and discrimi...


Marine Controlled Source Electro-Magnetic (CSEM) for hydrocarbon exploration survey data can be classified into two groups. The ability to classify the raw survey data is crucial since this classification may indicate the presence of hydrocarbon. This paper presents the preliminary results of applying discriminant analysis in classifying CSEM data into dichotomous groups based on their electric field (E-field) and magnetic field (B-field) values. Two types of data, with and without hydrocarbon, were simulated and used to develop the discriminant model. Statistical analysis is carried out to test the significance of the discriminant function as a whole, the discrimination between groups and the extent to which that variable makes a unique contribution to the prediction of group membership. The results obtain indicates the potential of the discriminant analysis in classifying the data.


The company trade secret plan includes a requirement that employees periodically sign agreements acknowledging access to trade secret information; awareness of company policy to protect this information; a promise not to disclose or misappropriate the information; and a requirement to immediately report to the company all unauthorized disclosures or uses of the information. Drawing upon the social relations theory of property, I suggest that defining the scope of covenants not to compete and trade secrets as proprietary in terms of the relationship to others--employees, competitors, and the public welfare interest--serves to create proper limits to the scope of employer demands for a capacious trade secret doctrine founded upon their discovery of trade secrets as new property. Perhaps one of the goals of trade secrets should include a turn away from the atmosphere of distrust created through self-help policing in order to establish property rights, and to reorder the balance of power between employers and employees.


Plants naturally develop inherent defense mechanism by synthesizing of secondary metabolites to protect themselves from pests and pathogens in adverse environmental conditions. Some metabolites or substances pose deleterious effects on animals and human beings, thus referred as 'Anti-Nutritional Factors (ANFs) and the same have also shown beneficial impact on human health. Hence judicious processing of ANF may prove an asset in agriculture, pharmacology and nutrition world.


C22H26N604, M r = 438"49, mono- clinic, P21/c, a= 7.889 (2), b= 14.335 (4), c= 10.117 (2)A, fl= 110.83 (2) ° , V= 1069.3/~3, Z= 2, D m = 1.356, D x= 1.362 Mg m -3, m.p. = 451-455 K, 2(Mo Kct) = 0.71069 A, g = 0.1039 mm -~, F(000) = 464, T = 298 K, final R = 0.080 for 1107 independent reflections. The molecule has crystallographic i (Ci) symmetry and is made up of two planar (o-nitro- phenyl)hydrazone ligands attached at the 1,6-positions of the ten-membered ring in trans form. The central ten-membered ring has approximate 2/m symmetry and


The scenario of the digital industry has changed in the past few years due to the rapid development of technology.Among several other alternatives,QCA is the innovative technology to design digital logic circuits using quantum dots confined in the potential well. This paper proposes the optimum design of sequential circuits like flip-flops and shift register by using majority gates and is implemented by cell minimization technique. It will reduce the area and complexity. The functionality of the circuits can be tested by using QCADesigner version 2.0.3.


(57) Abstract: Prior to inhalation of the powder by a patient to use the inhaler, the mass of dry powder was pulverized, to decompose the fine particles, preventing agglomeration for use with breath-actuated dry powder inhaler vessel is provided. Deflocculating device has an inner wall that forms a spiral chamber extending from the first end along the axial direction toward the second end, a dry powder supply port, an inlet port, an outlet port . Feed port is at a first end of the chamber of the spiral, resulting in fluid communication between the first end portion of the dry powder supply passage and a volute chamber of the inhaler. Inlet port is disposed within the inner wall of the chamber of the spiral adjacent to the first end of the chamber of the spiral, resulting in fluid communication between the outer region and spiral chamber aggregation preventer. Outlet port leads to fluid communication between the outer region of the second end and preventing aggregation instrument chamber spiral, whereby the low-pressure caused by respiration at the exit port, the air flow is a dry powder supply flowing into the chamber of the spiral through the port and inlet port. Air flow to each other collide before exiting to the outside through the outlet port, by colliding with the wall of the chamber of the spiral, are all powder entrained by the air flow grinding is decomposed into fine particles. Aggregation preventer further comprises a blade for causing further collisions powder entrained in the first end of the chamber of the spiral.


JMP Pro and Tableau had their own strengths and hence were used in different manners during data preparation. JMP Pro was used for Question 1 as it combines the power of statistical analysis and visualization. Tableau was used for Questions 2 and 3, as it is user-friendly, and provides the tools for the user to explore various manners of visualization.


The design and construction of a receiver, operating efficiently and selectively over a long range of wave lengths on any antenna of ordinary dimensions, and controlled by a single handle, are described in detail. The addition of a motor for driving the wave-changing adjustment continuously is shown. The possibilities of such a receiver for the solution of the interference problem are discussed.


The present invention relates to a spoke attachment structure, provided with a main body and a cover member. The engagement structure includes a tool body and an external thread. The sleeve member is disposed adjacent to the external thread on an outer surface of the body.