The study includes several aspects focused on the importance of identifying hormones levels in the blood of (female) students according to the climate of teaching at different temperatures and recognizing the dysfunction of students. The method was through dividing the samples into three groups each group contains six students and the blood sample is withdrawn before, during, and after the lesson, each group within a certain climatic period, divided into a moderate period, a cold period, and a hot period, where the specialist took blood samples from students at different temperatures in the environment of teaching handball. The first period of the climate is the moderate period where the specialist took blood samples and examined them in vitro. The results were recorded. In the second period, the cold weather, blood samples were also taken from the students. They were examined and the results were obtained. Finally, the hot period, the specialist also drew blood from the students, examined them and obtained the results. After finalizing the field work, the results of the three groups were collected and statistically compared. Keyword: Temperature Discrepancy, Physiological, Teaching Climate and Handball Lesson.


The calcification process in eight cases of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma was studied at the ultrastructural level. The neoplastic cells, which constituted the internal and intermediate zones of the tumor, frequently displayed abundant cytoplasmic tonofibrils and, occasionally, keratinization. In most of the degenerated keratinized cells, the intracytoplasmic organelles had disappeared. In these cells, membrane-bound vesicles measuring approximately 0.15 to 0.5 ,um in diameter, were frequently seen among the numerous tonofibrils. Needle-like, mineralized crystals were precipitated some vesicles. Tiny, calcified vesicles were sometimes aggregated and had coalesced with the adjacent tonofibrils to form a large, calcified mass. These findings suggest that membrane-bound vesicles are derived from degenerated keratinized cells and play an important role as initial nidi of calcification in craniopharyngioma. Remnants of tonofibrils of degenerated cells may also serve as foci of mineralized crystal deposition.


When input patterns have redundant features in regression analysis or pattern recognition, the prediction accuracy is likely to be lowered. For a kernel regression in a reproducing kernel Hilbert space, as the number of observed input patterns increases, the dimension of parameters increases since a kernel regression model using the kernel method is represented by the linear sum of kernel functions corresponding to input patterns. This can yield overfitting. This paper proposes a method for simultaneously selecting features and model coefficients. To express a sparsity of the features and the weight coefficients, we generate binary vectors, where all the elements are 0 or 1 sampled from the beta process. The proposed method can select effective features and estimate sparse weight coefficients by introducing the binary vectors into the kernel regression model. Numerical examples support the efficacy of the proposed method.


The experiment took the Guangzhou-style sausage as an example,analyzed the relationship of factors and nitrosamines in processing,these factors included lose of weight,pH,residual nitrite,TBARS and so on.At beginning of baking stage,lots of water was lost,it made the concentration of sodium nitrite increasing,accelerated the formation of nitrosamines,pH value was changed from 6.41 to 6.2,helped sodium nitrite decomposing to nitrite acid,this had advantages for the formation of nitrosamines,as prolong of heating time,TBARS was bigger than ever,this was relative with the formation of nitrosamines,it could direct to decrease nitrosamine. Bacterial physiologic action was controlled at roast stage,TVB-N value was very small,and the cause could be that amines were reacted to nitrosamines.At the mature stage,the content of nitrosamines decreased,but at last of mature stage,concentration of nitrosamine was still big,it was 139 μg/kg,fat oxidation had less effect on the formation of nitrosamines in this stage,but the fall of pH value helped the action of lactic acid bacterial ,the action made decline of nitrosamine,TVB-N value also went down.


A new algorithm is proposed for compressed sensing-magnetic resonance imaging (CS-MRI). The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$l_p$</tex-math></inline-formula>-norm <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(0 < p \leq 1)$</tex-math></inline-formula> based adaptive regularization model is used for MRI. The algorithm is established by using a novel iterative shrinkage scheme. In the iteration, the quasi-Newton method is employed. In the shrinkage, the threshold is defined varyingly. Also, the parameter <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$p$</tex-math> </inline-formula> is selected dynamically in the algorithm. Comparing with some certain state-of-the-art methods for the noisy case, the proposed algorithm provides a higher accuracy of the MR image reconstruction. The performance of the proposed algorithm is validated by the theoretical analysis as well as some experimental results.


The studies on pharmacoki-netics of Quercetin in rabbits were carried out by UV-spectrophotometry. The experimental results were shown that after 10mg · kg-1 of Quercetin iv administration in rabbits, the curve of plasma concentration - time was shown to fit an open two compartment model. The pharmacokinetic parameters were as follow:T1/2 (α) = 2. 91 ± 1. 36min,T1/2(β) = 183. 78±82. 67min,Vd=0. 624±0. 225L ???
kg-1,CL = 3. 15 ±2. llml · kg-1 · min-1. The bioavailability (F) of Quercetin after 10mg · kg-1 ig in rabbits was 42.7% and Cpk was 10. 9mg · L, tpk was 60min.
After 10mg · kg-1 iv administration in rabbits,Quercetin was rapidly eliminated from the blood. The compound and its metabolites were exereten by kidney and bile.


[[1] "Healthcare Waste,". [Online]. Available: http://www.who.int/ar/. [Accessed: Oct. 17, 2016]. [2] Windfeld, E.S., "Medical waste management – A review," Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 163, p. 98-108, 2015. [Online]. Available: ScienceDirect, http://www.sciencedirect.com.ezproxy.aus.edu/. [Accessed: Oct. 18,2016] [3] Oroei, M., Momeni, M., Palenik, J.,C., Danaei, M., Askarian, M., "A qualitative study of the causes of improper segregation of infectious waste at Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz, Iran," Journal of Infection and Public Health, vol. # 7, no. #3, pp 192-198, May-June 2014, [Online]. Available: ScienceDirect, http://www.sciencedirect.com.ezproxy.aus.edu/. [Accessed Nov. 11 2016]. [4] Shahamatdar ,S., "Solar Powered Autoclave", 2013. [Online]. Available: http://engin1000.pbworks.com/w/page/63871877/solar%20Powered%20Autoclave [5] H. Förster, T. Thajudeen, C. Funk, and W. Peukert, "Separation of nanoparticles: Filtration and scavenging from waste incineration plants," Waste Management, vol. 52, pp. 346-352, 6// 2016. [6] Airlina, I.," Medical Waste Disposal – The Definitive Guide", Biomedical waste solutions, 2015. [online]. Available: http://www.biomedicalwastesolutions.com/medicalwaste-disposal/. [Accessed: Oct. 19,2016]  Segregation is crucial for selecting the best way to handle the medical waste  Incineration of medical waste can pollute the air by generating dioxins and furans  Sterilization needs operatives to undertake careful disinfection in order to prevent contamination and disease spreading  The cost of managing medical waste is high due to the secure system needed when collecting, handling, storing, transporting, treating or disposing of waste. 1 • Segregation is the separation of infectious medical waste (e.g., placing each waste item into the proper containers) [3]. • First, determine the source and types of waste. Then, waste is weighed and the data is electronically recorded, the waste is then treated and the suitable disposal method is chosen.


Isoxazolines or isothiazolines having the formula (I), or their salts, in which (Z)n, X and R have the definition given in the first claim, are useful as safeners against the phytotoxic side effects of herbicides, preferably in cereal crops.


Sir: Compelling evidence now suggests that chordoma is derived from intraosseous notochordal remnants. Sonic hedgehog homologue (SHH) is a crucial morphogen secreted by the fetal notochord that directs embryonic patterning of the neural tube and adjacent sclerotomes. In contrast to the early fetal notochord, putative intraosseous notochordal remnants identified recently in mice do not appear to express SHH (unpublished observations). Because genetic studies have documented gains of chromosome 7q, which harbours the SHH locus, in many chordomas reactivation of the SHH pathway in notochordal rests or benign notochordal cell tumours (BNCTs) may represent a potential mechanism for notochordal cell survival and ⁄ or neoplastic transformation. We therefore investigated whether SHH and the ligand-binding component of the SHH receptor ⁄ signalling complex, patched homologue 1 (PTCH1) are detectable in human chordoid tissue or tumours derived thereof. Archived chordal tissue samples (human fetal notochord and nucleus pulposus of the adult intervertebral disc) and a series of 28 chordomas and four BNCTs were stained for SHH and PTCH1 by immunohistochemistry. A representative sample of skeletal chondrosarcomas was also stained for comparison. SHH was considered positive if >10% of tumour cells showed cytoplasmic staining of at least moderate intensity. For PTCH1, any detectable specific cytoplasmic immunoreactivity in tumour cells was considered positive. SHH was expressed in most of the tissue samples studied, including 96% of chordomas (Figure 1 and Table 1). Co-expression of PTCH1 was present in 81%


Concentration polarization(CP) phenomena show great potential on desalination technology. As we can control the dimension of silicon based nanochannel system, it can be used to model ion exchange membrane. In this study, to investigate the effect of nanochannel number and working conditions on the CP based desalination process, nanochannel based microfluidic system is fabricated. First, we optimized nanochannel number and working conditions to conduct visualization study on CP based desalination process. Second, we visualized the desalination process with fluorescent dye in the desalination chip. We also visualized that the particles also can be removed by the CP based desalination process.


The present invention relates to a method for evaluating damage of a skin barrier using a biomarker, and more specifically, to a method for evaluating damage of a skin barrier, comprising collecting dead skin cells or sebum to measure a biomarker therefrom. In addition, the present invention relates to a kit for evaluating damage of a skin barrier by collecting dead skin cells or sebum to measure a biomarker therefrom. The method and kit for evaluating damage of a skin barrier are used to easily and rapidly evaluate the damage of the skin barrier, thereby promptly and conveniently determining skin diseases such as atopy and psoriasis and the presence or absence of bacterial infection, and thus can diagnose the skin conditions.


This study based in Sweden explores family practices and family displays among young adults with a history of secure care, which limits and restricts contacts and therefore causes fundamental changes in relationships. Almost 10 years after institutional placement, narrations of 11 young adults and 11 nominated family members reveal ongoing struggles between imagined and lived realities of family. These struggles are revealed by memories and emotions evoked by the context of secure care and show how deeply the secure care penetrated their family lives. By using the metaphor of shadows, shadows of recalled horror of secure care (reflecting family displacement) and the pressure to make family work (reflecting restricting practices in secure care where only (birth) family were considered as family and relations of (natural) importance) are discerned. We call for more attention to the perversity of secure care arrangements, at both policy and institutional levels.


By comparing with Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu and other provinces and cities, this paper describes the characteristics of Guangdong's green finance development from six dimensions: green bond, green credit, green insurance, green securities, green investment and carbon finance. It finds that Guangdong's carbon finance has developed well and become the largest carbon trading market in China, but the development of green bond, green insurance and green finance are lagging behind. Guangdong's green financial products present the problems of unbalanced structure, imperfect mechanism of green financial system and unclear policy orientation. Finally, some suggestions are put forward to promote the development of Guangdong's green finance from the aspects of optimizing the cooperation mode of "government guidance and market mechanism" and playing a good combination of Guangdong's fiscal and financial policies.


A 28 GHz T/R integrated circuit (IC) using common-leg circuit in 65 nm CMOS technology is presented. The proposed common-leg T/R IC is composed of single pole double throw (SPDT) and double pole double throw (DBDT) switches, 5-bit phase shifter, and 5-bit attenuator, uni-directional amplifiers for the transmit and receive modes. The measured gains for the transmit and receive modes are 3.5 and 1 dB at 26–30 GHz, respectively. The design provides full phase control range of 360° with least significant bit (LSB) of 11.25°, and attenuation control range of 23 dB with LSB of 1 dB. The proposed common-leg T/R IC has the maximum RMS phase error of 7°, and amplitude error of 0.6 dB at 26–30 GHz. The saturated output power for the transmit mode is 0 dBm, and the input P1dB for the receive mode is −20 dBm at 28 GHz. The chip core size is 1.3 × 0.8 mm2. The DC current is 130 mA for the transmit mode and 98 mA for the receive mode at 2.5 V supply voltage.


The aim of the work presented in this paper is to enable production of large, complex components on rapid prototyping machines whose build volume is less than the size of the desired component. Such large components can be produced as fabrications if a suitable subdivision can be generated. In general, any component can be subdivided into smaller parts by an array of orthogonal planes, but the resulting shapes could have geometries that are difficult to produce accurately on many rapid prototyping systems. The system presented here creates a decomposition designed for both rapid prototyping and assembly. The proposed method considers potential manufacturing problems, and modifies the boundaries of individual parts, where necessary. Additionally, the system also generates complementary male/female (i.e., matching protrusion/depression) assembly features at the interface between the component parts in order to improve the integrity and assemblability of the final component. To prove the functionality of the system, three components are analyzed at the end of this paper.


Use of version management system(Subversion,SVN) solution of campus network server storage problems,reached the various service application is stored to the network storage,fast,orderly and efficient state.This paper describes the current campus network storage problems in the process of application,and the advantages of SVN and configuration method.


In this study the feasibility and performance of time variable decorrelation (VADER) filters derived from covariance information on decadal Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) time series are investigated. The VADER filter is based on publicly available data that are provided by several GRACE processing centers, and does not need its own Level-2 processing chain. Numerical closed loop simulations, incorporating stochastic and deterministic error budgets, serve as basis for the design of the filter setup, and the resulting filters are subsequently applied for real data processing. The closed loop experiments demonstrate the impact of temporally varying error and signal covariance matrices that are used for the design of decorrelation filters. The results indicate an average reduction of cumulative geoid height errors of 15% using time-variable instead of static decorrelation. Based on the simulation experience, a real data filtering procedure is designed and set up. It is applied to the ITSG-Grace2014 time variable gravity field time series with its associated full monthly covariance matrices. To assess the validity of the approach, linear mass trend estimates for the Antarctic Peninsula are computed using VADER filters and compared to previous estimates from both, GRACE and other mass balance estimation techniques. The mass change results obtained show very good agreement with other estimates and are robust against variations of the filter strength. The DDK decorrelation filter serves as main benchmark for the assessment of the VADER filter. For comparable filter strengths the VADER filters achieve a better de-striping and deliver smaller formal errors than static filters like the DDK.


The past several years have seen the proteomics community working fervently to discover proteins that can be used as biomarkers of diseases such as cancer, neuro logical disorders and others. While the scientific community can debate the relative success of this continuing endeavor, the lack of clinically useful protein biomarkers that have been reported from these efforts has not prevented investigators from looking forward toward developing methods that are necessary to verify the clinical utility of a biomarker. As wonderfully described by Steve Carr, the four phases of producing a novel protein biomarker are discovery, qualification, verification and validation [1]. One of the most striking features as the process moves from discovery to validation is the inverse relationship between the number of analytes and samples that are measured. While the discovery phase may require only tens of samples to be scanned for thousands of analytes, the validation phase will require only a few analytes to be measured in thousands of samples. During the validation phase, clinical assay development may proceed concurrently. Mass spectrometry (MS), combined with a variety of sample preparation and separation techniques, has been the driving force in the biomarker discovery phase [2–4]. The question is how big a role MS will play in the qualification, verification and validation phases. Conventional thinking suggests that antibodies (or other types of affinity reagents) provide the most expedient means of validating the usefulness of a potential biomarker. Antibody-based tests such as immunohistochemistry (IHC) and ELISA are routinely performed, and a wide range of scientists feel comfortable in the results obtained using these methods. There is, however, another resurgent method that is being touted as an alternative to antibody-based tests, multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)-MS. This method uses triple quadrupole MS to specifically target and quantify proteins of interest in a complex mixture. Ions corresponding to the mass of the biomolecule of interest are isolated within the mass spectrometer. The molecule is then fragmented and a selection of these products is monitored and used for identification and quantitation purposes. The MRM-MS approach provides exquisite specificity and does not suffer from issues related to cross-reactivity with other molecules. If designed properly, only the targeted molecule will be measured by the mass spectrometer. In addition, the method does not require a highly specific antibody (or antibodies) and permits absolute quantitation through the addition of known quantities of isotopically labeled molecules to the mixture. The increasing popularity of MRM-MS was evident at the past 2008 meeting of the American Society of Mass Spectrometry (ASMS) by the number of oral and poster presentations that highlighted this method. The question that one has to answer is: will MRM-MS replace antibody-based testing in the validation of biomarkers? Based on many of the presentations at the past ASMS meeting, one would think that that is the case. However, a number of presentations simply highlighted the advantages of MRM-MS by focusing on the disadvantages Haleem J Issaq, PhD Principal Scientist and Deputy Director, Laboratory of Proteomics and Analytical Technologies, Advanced Technology Program, SAIC-Frederick Inc., National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA Tel.: +1 301 846 7186 Fax: +1 301 846 6037 email@example.com


OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical features and outcomes of hospitalised cases of the 2009 influenza A H1N1 virus infection at Geneva's University Hospital during the peak of the epidemic. METHODS: From October 2009 to January 2010, we conducted a four-month prospective case collection of H1N1 laboratory confirmed cases and subsequently reviewed all medical charts of the patients admitted at Geneva's University Hospital. RESULTS: During the data collection period, 1336 subjects with influenza-like illness were tested for the 2009 H1N1 in Geneva and 451 were positive (34%). A total of 85 patients with confirmed H1N1 were hospitalised (56 adults and 29 children). Patients' median age was 39 years (range 1 month–94years) and the mean hospital length of stay was 12 days. Conditions promoting influenza complications were present in 59% of patients and were mainly asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), haematologic disorders and immunosuppressive treatment. The most common reported symptoms were cough, fever, dyspnoea and rhinopharyngitis. Most of the patients (n = 72, 85%) were treated by neuraminidase inhibitors, and 44% (n = 37) received antibiotics for secondary bacterial infection. Fourteen patients (11 adults and 3 children, 16%) developed respiratory failure and were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for respiratory monitoring and/or ventilatory support. The mean ICU length of stay was 11.3 days. The mortality rate was 2.5% among all patients. CONCLUSIONS: Geneva's experience of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic showed that most of the hospitalised patients were young adults or children. Half of them presented predisposing diseases but only 16% were admitted to the ICU. The mortality rate was low.


: The present study aimed to elucidate the potential adverse effects of magnetic fields (MFs) exposure on the testis of mice. Significant decreases in body weight gain and testis weight were recorded in adult males that exposed to 10 mT alternate current (AC) or direct current (DC) MFs 8h/d for 6 successive weeks. Moreover, the inactive seminiferous tubules of exposed males were markedly increased, associated with missing of both spermatids and sperms, in addition to increasing of abnormal sperm head and tail shapes. Moreover, Sertoli cells were also degenerated. Some histopathological changes accompanied with significant increase in cell apoptosis were detected in the testicular germ cells of exposed mice. A significant inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was observed after exposure to MFs compared with control group. However, a daily intraperitoneally injection (i.p.) with antioxidant L-Ascorbic acid (100 µm) during the exposure period abolish the adverse effects of MFs. The study indicated that MFs exposure exerts some adverse effects on reproductive capacity of mice in the absence of VEGF and free radical scavenger.


This study was carried out to see the impact of Angoumois grain moth (AGM) on different cultivars of barley so that we must grow resistant variety of barley or improve those which are susceptible to it. Eggs of Sitotroga cerealella (Oliv.) were collected and reared in incubators available in Stored Product Entomology Laboratory, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, under temperature 27 ± 2°C and 60 ± 2% relative humidity. For the experiment, five different cultivars of barley; Sanober-96, Jau-83, Soorab-96, ICBA and Sterling were selected for AGM feed. After an interval of 30, 60 and 90 days of infestation, percentage damage and weight loss in grains were determined. After carrying out laboratory and field germination tests, viability of different cultivars were checked. Damage was maximum in variety Soorab (99.38%), which becomes susceptible while it was minimum in Sanober-96 (90.62%), which becomes resistant. Weight loss was maximum in variety Soorab (49.71%), which becomes susceptible and was minimum in Sanober-96 (45.32%), which becomes resistant. Damage was positively correlated with weight loss and negatively correlated with seed germination. In germination tests, on filter paper, maximum germination was found in variety Sterling (3%) which becomes resistant and it was minimum in ICBA which becomes susceptible (0%). In sand germination test, maximum seeds germinated in variety Sanober-96 (2%), and minimum seeds germinated in ICBA (0%). By calculating the percentage of losses of different cultivars, it was found that none of cultivars proved itself completely resistant or susceptible.


MB-105. THE EARLY OUTCOMES OF PROTON THERAPY FOR MEDULLOBLASTOMA ON THE PEDIATRIC PROTON CONSORTIUM REGISTRY Andrew Chang1,3, Torunn Yock2, and Atman Pai3; ProCure Oklahoma City, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Scripps San Diego Proton Therapy Center, San Diego, CA, USA INTRODUCTION: Medulloblastoma is among the most common brain tumors diagnosed in children in the United States. Post-operative cranio-spinal irradiation (CSI) is an important part of treatment regimens for the treatment of medulloblastoma. Proton therapy has demonstrated improved dosimetric advantages in CSI as compared to x-ray based radiotherapy. In the United States, medulloblastoma is one of the most common pediatric malignancies treated in proton therapy centers. The Pediatric Proton Consortium Registry (PPCR) was established as a multi-institutional registry to track and follow outcomes of pediatric patients treated with protontherapy.Weaim to evaluate the early outcomes of patients treated with proton CSI who have been enrolled on the PPCR. METHOD: The PPCR databased was queried for all patients with a diagnosis of medulloblastoma. Of the 146 patients identified, 55 patients had follow-up information at the time of the date of the data entry deadline. The average age at start of CSI for all patients was 8.7 years; 91 patients were male, and 55 female. Intent of treatment was curative for 129 patients, palliative in 2, and unrecorded in the remainder. RESULTS: At a medium follow up of 12.3 months, overall survival was 87.3%. Progression-free survival was 89.7% with local failure occurring in 6.9% and metastatic disease in 10.3%. CONCLUSION: Early outcomes from proton therapy are comparable to historic x-ray therapy outcomes. Longer follow-up is ongoing and will be needed for evaluation of the putative benefit of long-term toxicity reduction. Neuro-Oncology 18:iii97–iii122, 2016. doi:10.1093/neuonc/now076.100 #The Author(s) 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Neuro-Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: email@example.com.


The problems of distance learning during the viral pandemic are considered. Proposals for improving the organization, rationing and methods of teaching, in the conditions of forced changes for various forms of educational work, are formulated.


Do the Marshallian and Walrasian models have a firm foundation on micromotives, or are they just macroabstractions that we could dispense in microeconomics? Previous evidence from experimental economics with human subjects in continuous double auction markets shows that, if the supply is downward-sloping or the demand is upward-sloping, the Marshallian stability model captures the observed phenomena but the Walrasian does not. But, of course, in human subjects experiments the basic question of what the human agents' behavior is remains open. We build an artificial agent-based model to show that the path of convergence needs more intelligence than the zero-intelligence framework. Results from experimental economics with human agents reproduced with artificial agents at a low cost and with an increase in the reliability of the experiment. Not only the existence but also the computation of the stability is relevant. These results cast a shadow on the interest of both instability concepts in economic theory.


The study sought to assess students' use of social media and its effect on academic performance of tertiary institutions students in Ghana with a focus on Koforidua Polytechnic students. Questionnaire was used for collecting data. Out of one thousand five hundred and seventy-eight copies of the questionnaire distributed, one thousand five hundred and eight were retrieved which represented a response rate of 95.5 %. The study revealed that majority of the respondents had mobile phones which also had Internet facility on them and had knowledge of the existence of many media sites. The study further confirmed that most of the respondents visit their social media sites using their phones and spend between thirty minutes to three hours per day. In addition the study revealed that the use of social media sites had affected academic performance of the respondents negatively and that there was direct relationship between the use of social media sites and academic performance. The study recommends among others that, students with mobile phones having internet facility should be encouraged to use it to supplement their research in the library rather than the usual charting with friends all the time. Students should be encouraged to limit the time they spend on their social media sites per day and advise them to rather substitute those hours to read novels to improve their knowledge. Since the use of social media sites had affected the academic work of students negatively there is the urgent need for the introduction of students to the availability of novels and other information resources or materials that can help them academically.


11 p. transcript of an interview with George First Rider conducted by John Hellson on November 6, 1968. Tape number IH-AA.056, transcript disc 52.


IN a previous paper (AIRCRAFT ENGINEERING, Vol. XIX, February 1947, pp. 52–4) expressions were derived for the maximum bending moment and shearing force in vessels closed at one end and subjected internally to (a) gas pressure, (b) hydrostatic pressure. The method of solution has been extended in this paper to include the cases of cylindrical vessels, closed at both ends by flat plates or hemispherical shells and subjected to gas pressure.


Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has disrupted the world in many ways since it first emerged in China in late December, 2019. Since its emergence to that of May 21, 2021, the virus has been responsible for 165,833,254 infected cases in 220 countries and territories, which has led to 3,444,270 deaths. Objective: As of May 21, 2021, there has been no discovery of any drugs against the disease. Four vaccines that of Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna, AstraZeneca-Oxford, and Johnson and Johnson have secured emergency approval for administration up till now. However, the vaccination process is daunting because the first three vaccines need two doses to be administered requiring 15.6 billion doses for the world's 7.8 billion people, the requirement for maintenance of two of the vaccines at very cold temperatures a facility not available in low income countries (LICs), apathy among a section of people regarding vaccination, and appropriation of most of the vaccines produced by the wealthy nations. As such, discovery of drug(s) against this virus remains a prime objective. Methods: No drugs against this viral disease have been discovered till now, though attention is increasingly being focused on synthetic antivirals, repurposed drugs, and plant phytochemicals (particularly flavonoids) as possible therapeutics against COVID-19. Results: In this study, we demonstrate using in silico techniques that phytosterols like β-sitosterol and its esters, as well as other natural phytosterols possess potential of being lead compounds or possible therapeutics against COVID-19. Our results indicate that β-sitosterol, β-sitosterol ferulate, β-stigmasterol, stigmasterol glucoside, and clionasterol have high binding affinities for the main protease Mpro of SARS-CoV-2, and so can possibly inhibit viral replication through inhibition of Mpro. Conclusion: Although flavonoids are the prime focus for anti-COVID-19 drugs, phytosterols should not be overlooked as possible anti-COVID-19 therapeutics.


A ZigBee positioning system is implemented in this paper.The system uses system-on-chip(SoC)CC2431 as a hard- ware design core and IAR Embedded Workbench7.50 and Borland Delphi7 as a basic software design platform.This paper introduces the characteristics of SoC CC2431 and functions and using method of wireless positioning engine and component of the system and the workflow of the system.The experimental results show that the positioning error of the system can be controlled by the smallest error within 1m,the system features high precision and stable performance.


A novel method is presented to screen for suitable crystallization conditions and produce large amounts of microcrystals of membrane proteins in lipidic cubic phase for serial crystallography experiments.


Currently, research on the effectiveness of different types of psychotherapy shows that psychotherapy works for different types of disorders. However, there are still several issues that remain to be solved, for example, cases that do not respond to treatment, as well as cases of deterioration. For this purpose, it is necessary to complement research about the effectiveness of therapy with process studies (process and process-outcome research). So this paper aims to: make a brief summary of the current state of research on the mechanisms of change (emotional and cognitive) in psychotherapy; analyze how process research has been articulated with theoretical models. The analysis of different studies seems to empirically validate the role of mediation that several mechanisms seem to have in promoting therapeutic change. However, it seems more difficult to confirm the hypothesis that these mechanisms are specific to therapies that intentionally promote them. The implications of these results for future research on therapeutic change will be discussed.


A tope type arc sprayer with titanium cathode for a technology of metal protection films is studied. It is shown that despite the fact that the sprayer is fed by d.c. voltage, the arc discharge works in a regime with short current pulses which appear due to the heated spot groups formed on the cathode surface. The titanium deposition rate of 2-10 nm/s depends on the arc current value. The TiN films on the SAE 1020 steel samples are deposited in medium of the nitrogen gas. It is found that the film hardness value depends on the gas pressure. The maximum hardness is observed for the TiN films which are produced at a nitrogen pressure of 0.8 Pa.


In the last few years endeavours have been made to locate precisely certain reaction known to occur in the living cell; and much work has been done especially on the reduction place, the oxygen place, and the position of oxidases and peroxidases. The reaction relied upon to indicate the position is always one involving a colour change ; as an example, Unna's method of fixing the oxygen place in the cell may be chosen. He uses for this purpose a solution of Rongalit white, which is a solution of the leucobase of methylene blue kept in a state of reduction by excess of rongalit, an adsorption product of formaldehyde with white sodium sulphite. This solution is not affected by air or by light, but is, according to Unna, a test for active oxygen. He places the section in a solution of rongalit white for one minute, then washes in a large volume of water; when the reducer having been washed away, the tissue is able to shoe its ability to oxidise, and all the tissue elements which are capable of effecting an oxidation are blued owing to the oxidation of the methylene white to methylene blue.


The synchronous motors driven by the current regulated voltage-source PWM inverter can be modeled by the same d-q reference frame circuit and generally analyzed where the machine parameters depend on the rotor configuration. The effects of machine parameters and the operating characteristics with respect to several types of synchronous motors, including synchronous reluctance motors, surface permanent magnet synchronous motors and interior permanent magnet synchronous motors, are examined in this paper. The optimum current vector producing the maximum output power at any operating speed is derived, and it is shown that the output power versus speed characteristics depend only on the value of E/sub 0/-X/sub d/ in per unit form. The selection of machine parameters and design are discussed in order to obtain the desired output characteristics.<<ETX>>


Abstract A colony of Leptocera caenosa (R.) was self-sustaining for 60 generations in a variety of organically rich media. With a wet larval medium of green grass meal and expanded mica in equal volumes at 17 °C the life cycle was completed (female to female) in an average of 31 days (egg stage, 2 days; larval and pupal periods, 13 days each). Green grass meal was superior to a standard cereal house-fly medium (CSMA) and legume leaf meals; a low coumarin strain of sweet clover was superior to a high coumarin strain. A non-sterile nutrient solution was also successfully used. In one sample of fresh alfalfa meal the pupal period was about 2.5 times longer than that in grass meal, possibly because of the presence of an estrogenic hormone.The species survived a 3-month exposure to 7 °C but not 1.5 °C, indicating that it could not readily survive out-of-doors during the winter in Saskatchewan.


This LibGuide has been created particularly to support Dr. James Truman's World Literature (ENGL 241) for Fall 2011. SELECTED web sites for postmodernism.


Interesting conclusions concerning the relationship s between economic growth and inequalities arise from endogenous growt h theory. The assumption of this theory is that human capital not only deter mines the rate of long-term growth, but also that based on this factor of produ ction changes in income distribution between economic entities can be explaine d. Moreover, it can be observed from models of endogenous growth based on hu man capital, that smaller inequalities lead to increased pace of economic gro wth in the long-run. Unfortunately, existing empirical research does not yield unambiguous conclusions on the directions of impacts of social ine quality on economic growth. It is our thinking, that the cause of this ambiguity i n results of these studies lies in over-aggregation of indicators of social inequaliti es. The purpose of the article is therefore, to overvie w the theoretical and empirical literature and present the own analysis of relationships between economic growth, human capital and social inequalities , separated into activating and frustrating ones. The article has been structured as follows. Paragra ph 2 presents conclusions from the theory of endogenous growth as regards imp acts of human capital on income inequalities between economic entities. Para gr ph 3 presents conclusions of empirical studies on existing dependences between economic growth and inequalities. Paragraph 4 is a description of t he classification of inequalities separated into activating types, i.e., for promotin g growth and efficiency, and


This paper describes aspects of the planning and delivery of a 10 credit module to learners participating in a full-time, Secondary Informational Communication Technology (ICT) PGCE course and the decision to replace an existing face to face delivery with a fl exible, online delivery. The paper focuses upon four associated aspects of the module, including the conceptual framework for delivering the module, the online model implemented, the online tasks and the module evaluation.


The objective of this paper is to develop a well-defined and sound framework for the implementation of a multi-participant GIS program and to illustrate the developed framework by its application to the Departments of the Town of Blacksburg. A multi-participant approach to implementing GIS technology faces greater challenges than a single-participant GIS project, due to the unique culture, structure, policy, decision-making rule and expectations of participants from implementation of GIS technology. So a successful program depends upon aligning different characteristics of the program's structure to those of participants, individually and collectively. Maximizing the system's potentials necessitates a well-defined implementation framework that can help manage changes and integrate the technology in organizations. Therefore, the paper focuses on the implementation aspects of multi-participant GIS programs. The paper achieves its objective by exploring various issues involved in the implementation process of GIS technology and multi-participant GIS programs, develops a framework for implementing a multi-participant GIS program and applies the framework to the Departments of the Town of Blacksburg to achieve successful implementation. The illustration of the Town of Blacksburg identifies various constraints for multi-participant GIS program for which recommendations are provided to achieve successful implementation. Acknowledgements I take this opportunity to first thank my committee Chair Dr. Randolph for his guidance, time and commitment. His advice and suggestions were valuable for my paper. I would also like to thank my committee, Dr. Bohland and Dr. Carstensen for their guidance and time. I will also like to thank Katherine Smith, GIS coordinator in the Planning and Engineering Department, Town of Blacksburg. She provided me with valuable information regarding the GIS activities in the Department and the Town of Blacksburg. I am very grateful to my parents and my brother who have always stood by me and encouraged me to accomplish what I wanted. Special thanks go to my husband, Sameer who stood by me and provided the emotional support and encouragement in some very tough situations in the two years of my Graduate School. I would also like to thank my friend, Malathi Ananthakrishnan for the help she provided me in these two years.


Valeriana sobraliana, a new species from the highland grasslands of the Atlantic Rainforest Domain, Southern Brazil, is described and illustrated. The new species shares morphological affinities with V. catharinensis, V. organensis and V. ulei, but differs mainly by the leaves strongly discolorous and long-petiolate, as well as by the lanceolate and larger bracteoles, by the larger staminate flowers and by the elliptic achenes. It also differs by the distribution restricted to the High Altitude Tropical Grasslands of the Serra do Mar mountain range, Paraná state and border with the Santa Catarina state, in a remarkable disjunction with the other related species. Additionally, we provide the preliminary conservation status assessments using IUCN Red List categories and criteria, as well as a checklist and a key to the species of Valeriana in the Paraná state.


Vinamilk is the leading enterprise of the dairy processing industry in Vietnam. In addition to product quality that many customers trust, Vinamilk's brand is also known by many famous and effective marketing strategies and campaigns. By observations and qualitative analysis with synthesis and inductive methods, and quantitative model (econometric), study results shows that first, Vinamilk can increase net profit through reducing cost and increasing sale. Also it needs policy to reduce inflation and risk free rate to increase its profit. Last but not least, one of its success factors is that Vinamilk is paying great attention to improving and supplementing its new product categories. And finally, the company also organized 3 distribution channels successfully.


In this talk we give a status report of an ongoing PhD project which develops and studies various notions of refinement for the specification language CspCasl [6]. Csp-Casl combines the description of processes written in the process algebra Csp [5, 7] with the specification of data types formulated in the algebraic specification language Casl [1]. The starting points for the PhD project are the various notions of refinement for Csp and Casl alone. For Csp, each of its semantic models induces a notion of refinement, i.e., the model T induces the notion of trace refinement which preserves safety properties, the model N induces the notion of failures-divergence refinement which preserves lifelock-freedom, and the model F induces the notion of stable-failures refinement which preserves deadlock-freedom. In algebraic specification [3], on the other side, we have model class inclusion as the simplest form of refinement, while, for instance, observational refinement [2] captures a more 'refined' relation between model classes. In our project, we combine refinement notions on Csp and Casl alone into refinement notions for Csp-Casl. Having Csp-Casl available as an institution, every such Csp-Casl refinement for basic specifications can also be seen as a refinement that allows one to change the signature. The case study on the electronic payment system EP2 [4] yields good practical insight into the question if such a newly designed refinement notion is useful. On the theoretical side, we study decomposition theorems and the question if properties such as deadlockfreedom are preserved under Csp-Casl refinement.


A convenient, high yield and general method is described for the synthesis of difengpin (8a) and aryl cinnamates (8b–h and 9a,b) from benzaldehydes (7a–h).


Abstract PERHAPS the earliest chick sexing method involved the application of "sex-linked inheritance mating," Punnett (1919), Dunn (1923), Thompson and Black (1935), and Warren (1942). The next method to come into use was the Japanese or vent method, Masui and Hashimoto (1933), Forsyth (1934), Shrader et al. (1934), Gibbs (1935), Alder (1935), and Canfield (1940 and 1941). More recently, sex identification of several pure breeds by means of external characteristics has been demonstrated. Much of this work has been done with Barred Plymouth Rocks. Quinn and Knox (1939) depended largely upon the intensity of black pigment in the down and shanks of the chicks. They reported 83.5, 86.1 and 91.8 percent accuracy with three different lots of chicks. Jerome (1939) claimed 90 percent accuracy or better when only the regularity of the outline of the head spot was considered and 95 percent if the color of the legs was also taken . . .


Significance Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of severe viral bronchiolitis among children, the elderly, and immunocompromised patients. Unresolved and prolonged immune responses to RSV can lead to respiratory failure. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) work to subvert inflammation; however, RSV hijacks the Treg machinery to imprint a prophlogistic phenotype. Here, we have determined that the specialized pro-resolving mediator Maresin 1 (MaR1) signaling via its receptor Leucine-Rich Repeat-Containing G Protein-Coupled Receptor 6 (LGR6) can reverse the RSV-induced maladaptive Treg programming and decrease inflammation. These findings have uncovered a molecular counter-regulatory mechanism that limits pathogen-induced lung immunopathology and hastens the resolution of an important respiratory viral infection.


With the increasing demand of distributed energy in the energy system, the existing centralized energy trading model can no longer meet the effective interaction of a large number of distributed energy entities in the case of non-trust. Considering the advantages of low energy consumption and high efficiency of graphene blockchain, a distributed energy trading architecture and process based on graphene blockchain is designed. The trading system consists of five levels: user layer, application layer, contract layer, network layer and data layer, with clear overall architecture, self-discipline node and strong scalability and optimization. The entire transaction process is automatically completed on time through smart contracts, effectively improving the automation and intelligence of the transaction under the premise of ensuring the rights of both parties to the transaction. Through the comparative analysis of different distributed energy trading modes, the distributed energy trading model based on graphene blockchain has high feasibility, advancement and sustainability.


A theoretical study of the control of the high-speed modulation of Two Laterally-Coupled Lasers (TLCL) is presented. The analysis is centered on the spatio-temporal dynamics of the TLCL when strength coupling between emitters is varied, depending of the distance between emitters and the carrier diffusion level. We have controlled the high-speed chaotic dynamics through the injection current, studying the temporal evolution of the relative phase between the fields of the two stripes. After controlling the high-speed dynamics, we have obtained a modulation scheme by asymmetric switching of the injected current in both stripes, which gives an output pulse modulation with a high repetition rate.


Abstract. Kant argues that any argument for a transcendent God presupposes the logically flawed ontological argument. The teleological argument cannot satisfy the demands of reason for a complete explanation of the meaning and purpose of our universe without support from the cosmological argument. I avoid the assumption of a perfect being, and hence the ontological argument, in my version of the cosmological argument. The necessary being can be identified with the creator of the universe by adding analogical mental relations. The creation of the universe is then shown to reflect modern scientific cosmology as well as stories and metaphors in the Eastern and Western religious traditions and to resolve the problem of evil.


Islamic education is a subject that must be taught, either in public schools or Islamic boarding schools. Islamic boarding school is the oldest educational institution in Indonesia, which has an essential role in realizing the nation's character. The materials taught at Islamic boarding schools are related to Islamic education, including the Qur'an and Hadith, which need to be taught properly. Considering that today's Qu'ran-Hadith learning has not had a major impact on changing the nation's character, it is necessary to apply the right and inspiring method so that the expected results are not only cognitive. In this regard, the ibrah mauiẓah method is derived from the Qur'an, which is considered appropriate and soulful in providing the inculcation of Islamic values based on the Qur'an and Hadith. For this reason, this paper aims to develop the application of the ibrah mauiẓah method in learning the Qur'an-Hadith at the Tsanawiyyah level. The research methodology employed by the authors was a qualitative approach, with library research techniques in collecting data. The results revealed that applying the ibrah mauiẓah method has a spiritual nuance. When applied properly, it can increase the spiritual intelligence of students. Thus, it will have an impact on improving the character of students. Also, this application is divided into two stages: the pre-instructional and instructional stages.


SETTING
Twenty-four public tuberculosis dispensaries in Istanbul.

OBJECTIVE
To investigate microscopic examination of new pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) cases and treatment outcomes of smear-positive cases.

DESIGN
A retrospective analysis of 12572 new pulmonary tuberculosis cases between 1998 and 2000.

METHODS
Microscopic examination of sputum smears of all patients and treatment outcomes of smear-positive cases were evaluated.

RESULTS
Of 12572 new TB cases registered between 1998 and 2000, 78.1% (n = 9822) were pulmonary and 21.9% (n = 2750) were extra-pulmonary TB cases. Of 9822 new pulmonary TB cases, 5438 (55.4%) were sputum smear-positive and 2154 (21.9%) had no sputum examination. In smear-positive pulmonary cases, treatment outcomes were classified as follows: 2521 (46.4%) cured, 1926 (35.4%) treatment completed, 128 (2.4%) treatment failure, 514 (9.4%) default, 260 (4.8%) transfer out and 72 (1.3%) died. Treatment success was 81.8% (n = 4447). Between 1998 and 2000, the smear-positive case rate improved from 47.5% to 61.5% and the cure rate improved from 41.8% to 51.1%.

CONCLUSION
The microscopic diagnosis and cure rates are low in Istanbul dispensaries. The laboratories should be re-organised and directly observed treatment should be performed.


The ever increasing information technology heat load and data center cooling energy are the main reasons to investigate the performance of microencapsulated phase change slurry over other heat transfer fluids.Microencapsulated phase change slurry is dispersion where the phase change material, microencapsulated by a polymeric capsule, is dispersed in water. Compared to water, these new fluids have a higher heat capacity during phase change and a possible enhancement, as a result of this phase change, in the heat transfer phenomenon. The composition of phase change material used in slurry greatly affects its efficiency, If not selected properly it can cause serious damage, e.g. agglomeration and clogging of pipes.The main objective of this work is to develop standalone pumpable microencapsulated phase change slurry that is able to withstand shear stresses of the pump and other course surfaces of pipe and pipe joints. In this study, experiments were performed, to determine performance of microencapsulated phase change slurry over conventional heat transfer fluids. After certain pumping cycles, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been done to analyze the conditions of shell material of polymeric capsule. Results obtained from SEM show that centrifugal pump is compatible with mPCM particle size upto 3 μm.It is true that selected mPCS have shown better performance over water in hot water bath in case of thermal storage. Also, closed loop final testing has shown that heat flux is about 2–3 times higher with mPCS than water.© 2013 ASME


A bench-scale experiment has been carried out to investigate the operational characteristics of a 9.9L anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) treating low strength wastewater (about 500 mg COD/L) under mesophilic temperatures in term of chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration, volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration, pH value. The reactor was efficient in the removal of COD, viz. above 80%. The hydraulic load played an important role. Large part of COD was removed in the front compartments, which indicated a less compartment number would be suitable. The separation of acidogenic and methanogenic processes existed in the ABR after long-term operation. The results indicated that the performance of system could be recovered within 4 h after a 350% hydraulic shock for 2.5 h. The influence of organic shock load was complicated. The performance of system could be recovered within 8 h after 50% and 100% organic shock loads. Under the definition scope of low strength wastewater (COD<1000 mg/L), increasing organic shock loads would not deteriorate the performance of ABR. The compartmental structure of ABR provided its strong ability to resist shock loads. No granules were observed.


Abstract According to most reconstructions of development debates, poverty and social issues were not part of the development agenda until the late 1960s. In contrast, this article shows that development practitioners and institutions were already addressing poverty and social issues in the late 1940s and early 1950s. However, economic multilateral organizations soon marginalized those inclusive views and focused exclusively on economic growth. This article discusses those early policy options and why they were marginalized. It argues that this happened for ideological reasons, specifically because of the ideological anti-New Deal post-war backlash and the adhesion of Western countries and multilateral organizations to what Charles Maier defined as the politics of productivity. This ideological backlash explains the rise and early demise of Keynesian ideas in international organizations, and, conversely, their stronger influence in developing countries, where the direct influence of the US and Bretton Woods organizations was somewhat mitigated.


The unique properties of plasmonic nanostructures have fuelled research based on the tremendous amount of potential applications. Their tailor‐made assemblies in combination with the tunable size and morphology of the initial building blocks allow for the creation of materials with a desired optical response. In this respect, it is crucial to synthesize nanoparticles with a defined shape that are at the core of such developments. Moreover, the interaction of individual nanoparticles with an incident electromagnetic field cannot only be influenced by their structure, but in fact, also by their spatial arrangement to each other. To harvest such opportunities, a profound theoretical understanding of these interactions is required as well as concise strategies to create such ordered assemblies. A quantitative evaluation of their optical properties can only be conducted when discrete structures of high uniformity can be achieved. As a consequence, separation steps have to be applied in order to obtain materials of high purity and uniformity. This also allows for an easier structural characterization of the nanoparticles and their assembled superstructures. In this progress report, an overview about the current development in this field of research is provided.


In this paper the authors first briefly review the mathematical difficulties usually experienced in radiation spectral unfolding computations; the source of these difficulties is identified as the discontinuity of the inverse of the unfolding operator. Then two techniques are proposed for use in alleviating this intrinsic instability of unfolding computations: these are the mathematical regularization technique and the application of nonnegativity constraints. In sample results obtained from silicon surface-barrier alpha particle detectors, the combination of these two techniques has proven to be a very powerful method of improving the resolution of the unfolded spectra while retaining good stability and low incidence of artifacts. Possible advantages of the method include the reduction of counting time required in many instances.


Firm's characteristics have not been a new spectacle in the business world. They have, of course, always been with us and no decent business entity entirely overlooks them. What is new is the preference of their ranking in different corporate agenda. Fascinatingly, this paper is an analytical examination of the influence of the firm's characteristics on Asset Growth of Quoted companies in Nigeria: An Analytical Review. The central aim was to investigate how the profitability, leverage and revenue growth influence asset growth of the quoted companies on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. Whilst the firm's characteristics were measured by profitability, leverage and revenue growth and asset growth was measured by the difference between prior year and current year of non-current asset. This study focused on Ex post facto sourcing of data from the annual financial reports of the relevant companies from 2008 to 2019 fiscal years. Besides, the generated data were analyzed using the descriptive and inferential statistics while the regression analysis model was adopted for estimating the test result. However, findings revealed an insignificant influence of firm characteristics (profitability, leverage and revenue growth) on asset growth quoted companies in Nigeria. The result, therefore, showed that firm's characteristics insignificantly contribute to the asset growth of companies. It was recommended among others that companies should carefully monitor all elements that indicate assets growth and not merely focus on firm characteristics alone, since it does not completely isolate firms from the threats of asset growth issues. Nonetheless, Companies should compose their boards based on technical know-how, experience, and qualification rather than on gender categorization.

https://iiardjournals.org/get/JAFM/VOL. 9 NO. 1 2023/FIRMS’ CHARACTERISTICS AND ASSET.pdf


This article presents the results of studies in recent years aimed at developing enery-saving technologies in the flotation of mineral starting materials


For each interior Schwarzschild solution, it has been suggested that there is a tachyon analog obtained by complex coordinate transformations. It is shown that this is not the case. Moreover, it is shown that a pseudospherically symmetric tachyon perfect fluid distribution of matter with zero pressure at the boundaries of the fluid does not exist in general relativity.


The pair distribution function for isotropic molecules in a liquid is perturbed by the application of an external electric field. This anisotropy causes a pseudo-hyperpolarizability and results in an induced double refraction. Numerical results are given for carbon tetrachloride and liquid argon, the former showing reasonable agreement with experimental values.


The objective of this study was to determine the molecular prevalence of Leishmania major and Leishmaniatropicain the urban and rural areas of Fars province, Iran.A total of 560 Giemsastained slides were collected from confirmed cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) who attended local health centers of study areas. 72% confirmed CL cases were males and 28% were females. 67% and 33% patientslived in the rural and urban areas respectively. DNA extracted from Giemsa-stained smears was amplified using universal PCR primers. Amplicons were subjected to RFLP analysis.In Shiraz County the prevalence of L.major and L.tropica was 94% (134 out of 141) and 6% (9 out of 141) respectively. 96% (132 out of 137) of the causative agent of CL in MarvdashtCounty was L.major and 4% (5 out of 137) was L.tropica. The prevalence of L.major and L.tropica in Larestan County was 99% (154 out of 156) and 1% (2 out of 156) respectively. 120 out of 124 (97%) isolates of L.major and 4 out of 124 (3%) of L.tropica isolates were diagnosed in the FarashbandCounty. Our results showed the prevalence of L.major and L.tropica in rural areas were higher than those in urban areas. There was a significant difference between the percentages of males (72%) and females (28%) infected with L.major and L.tropica (P< 0.001).Our results provide important information about the vast majority of


Patent for a single-seed planter using "grasping-jaws pass through the seed box …to gather a seed and carry it to the discharge tube or place of deposit" (lines 9-12), illustration is included.


Hangzhou Xiaoshan district is a place with much people and little hills,by investigating on present situation about the forest right system reform on relation policy,Industry management,forest farmers and so on,analyzed the main problems about the forest right system reform and forestry development and construction in Xiaoshan.relevant suggestions and countermeasures are put forward for furtherly deepening the forest right system reform.


This volume brings together papers that were initially presented, or otherwise have their origins, in an international conference 'Questioning the Utopian Springs of Market Economy', held at the University of Sydney (15–16 August 2014). The occasion was to coincide with the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of two seminal political economy texts, namely Karl Polanyi's The Great Transformation and Friedrich Hayek's The Road to Serfdom that were both published in 1944. The conference was organized around three keynote plenaries – delivered by Philip Mirowski, Sandra Halperin and Gareth Dale – of which revised versions appear in this issue. There were also a number of parallel paper sessions over the course of two days. The idea of pairing the two books as the topic of a conference was experimental but the energy that pervaded the conference convinced us of the intellectual significance and political usefulness of considering these interventions side by side and this is what led us to continue the project after the conference by curating this special issue. We would like to thank everyone who was involved in the conference for contributing to the project. In many ways, both Karl Polanyi's The Great Transformation and Friedrich Hayek's The Road to Serfdom could not be more antithetical, indeed antagonistic. The purpose of this journal special issue is to revisit these magnetic poles of political economy as a compass for questioning the market economy of the twenty-first century. For Polanyi, the utopian springs of the dogma of liberalism existed within the extension of the market mechanism to the 'fictitious commodities' of land, labour, and money. There was nothing natural about laissez-faire. The progress of the utopia of a self-regulating market was backed by the state and checked by a double movement, which attempted to subordinate the laws of the market to the substance of human society through principles of self-protection, legislative intervention, and regulation. For Hayek, the utopia of freedom was threatened by the abandonment of individualism and classical liberalism. The tyranny of government interventionism led to the loss of freedom, the creation of an oppressive society, and the despotism of dictatorship that led to the serfdom of the individual. Economic planning in the form of socialism and fascism had commonalities that stifled individual freedom. Against the power of the state, the guiding principle of the policy of freedom for the individual was advocated. Hayek's The Road to Serfdom was thus a broadside against what he viewed as the 'collectivist' consensus of the time. Both the left and right of politics, Hayek argued, had a misplaced faith in economic planning. In this sense social democracy, communism and fascism were all varieties of a collectivist orientation that subordinated markets and individual liberty to politics. With the end of the Second World War approaching and many turning their minds to the problem of 'winning the peace', Hayek's intervention was designed as a warning against the inevitable drift towards authoritarianism, should the collectivist trend prevail. Polanyi was very much part of that collectivist consensus. In The Great Transformation, he attributed the human disaster of two world wars and the


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Large deflection deformation of a steel strip is an important part of structural deformation detection. Deformation detection has been achieved using ultra-weak fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), and the deformation reconstruction inversion algorithm of the tangent recursive algorithm has been analyzed theoretically. The strain distribution of the steel strip (2.5 m × 0.050 m × 0.002 m) with large deflection under different loads was obtained by pasting eight ultra-weak FBG sensors with spacing of 0.3 m on the surface of the strip. The steel strip deformation was inversed by tangent recursive algorithm, and deformation error under loading condition was analyzed by finite element simulation. The inversion value is compared with the theoretical value and the measured value, which proves the effectiveness and accuracy of the ultra weak FBG method proposed in this paper. Results show that the large deflection deformation of a steel strip under different loads can be reconstructed using the tangent recursive algorithm, and the relative errors of the coordinates of the sampling points are less than 6.21%. This paper provides a reference for the detection of structural deformation.


Sugar beet is grown on soil types covering a wide range of organic content and particle size giving soils of diverse texture and structure (Anon. 1970). Some pest problems are specific to certain soil types whereas others occur over the whole spectrum. For instance, the sand weevil, Philopedon plagiatum (Schall), is a pest of sugar beet only in the sandy Breckland areas of East Anglia, damage by pygmy beetle, Atomaria linearis Steph., is largely confined to the Fenland regions (Dunning 1973), whereas the beet flea beetle, Chaetocnemma concinna (Marsh), damages sugar beet on the eastern side of the country on a range of soils. Pitfall traps in sugar-beet fields of two soil types on Broom's Barn farm in 1969 caught considerably different numbers of Atomaria linearis and carabids (Chalk & Dunning 1970). To determine the general epigeic arthropod fauna in sugar-beet crops during the growing season, especially in May, June and July, we trapped on five sites, each with a distinct soil type within a 20-mile (32 km) radius of Broom's Barn in 1970 and 1971; the catches of both predatory insects and pests of sugar beet were recorded. In 1971 further studies were made in the sugar-beet crop at Broom's Barn to determine whether crop density affected the catch.


Lymph node metastasis is a major metastatic route of cancer and significantly influences the prognosis of cancer patients. Radical lymphadenectomy is crucial for a successful surgery. However, iatrogenic normal organ injury during lymphadenectomy is a troublesome complication. Here, this paper reports a kind of organic nanoprobes (IDSe‐IC2F nanoparticles (NPs)) with excellent second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) fluorescence and photothermal properties. IDSe‐IC2F NPs can effectively label lymph nodes and helped achieve high‐contrast lymphatic imaging. More importantly, by jointly using IDSe‐IC2F nanoparticles and other kinds of nanoparticles with different excitation/emission properties, a multichannel NIR‐II fluorescence imaging modality and imaging‐guided lymphadenectomy is proposed. With the help of this navigation system, the iatrogenic injury can be largely avoided. In addition, NIR‐II fluorescence imaging‐guided photothermal treatment ("hot" strategy) can ablate those metastatic lymph nodes which are difficult to deal with during resection ("cold" strategy). Nanoprobes‐assisted and multichannel NIR‐II fluorescence imaging‐guided "cold" and "hot" treatment strategy provides a general new basis for the future precision surgery.


The present work deals with the complexity of the arguments underlying the meaning of the quantum paradigm of psychopathology. In particular, the quantum approach to the understanding of the brain and consciousness, seems to present convergence of thinking of many scientists and also seems to be the most promising way in the approach of future research. The practical potency of classical neuroscience directed toward either beneficial or perverse purposes will prove in the end limited by that orthodox paradigm's inherently poor explanatory power in linking mind and brain, especially at the basic level of the Hard Problem as Chalmers (1995) has termed. However, if quantum neurobiology should demonstrate greater explanatory power than does its classical counterpart, then an enhanced potential not only for constructive psychiatric application but also for politically motivated abuse will follow with a vengeance. If the mechanistic-reductionist cognitive approaches have been characterised by the metaphor of the "edifice", of the solid Cartesian rock, all the forms of knowledge founded on complexity theory, have been characterised by the metaphor of the "network", of thinking in relationships, in a dynamic, fluid, open manner. In the field of mental illness, this means setting aside both the organicist paradigm and the pseudo-phenomenological, "sentimental", and therefore ideological, paradigm, in order to have an integrated view of biological objectiveness and humanistic psychotherapy. That is to say, an expression of diverse interrelated contributions from the various disciplines (psychiatry, psychology, biochemistry, anthropology, quantum physics, mathematics, philosophy). The observer thus becomes a builder of models, a manager of complexity, giving treatment the character of a truly empathic relationship. This is all the more so where distressing pathologies are involved, such as Major Depression (MD) and Bipolar Disorder (BD), caput mortuum of psychiatry, because the absence of cogent biological markers seriously compromises every form of therapy.


Tb and Mn codoped Bismuth Ferrite (BTFMO) nanoparticles of crystallite size 45 nm and 2.0 wt% BTFMO- PVA nanocomposite film are synthesized by sol gel method. From Williamson-Hall analysis, strain is found to be 0.4%. Morphological Study reveals the uniform dispersion of BTFMO nanofillers in the PVA matrix. Modified Cole-Cole model is well-fitted with the experimentally observed temperature dependent dielectric response of the film sample above room temperature. A non-Debye type asymmetric behavior is observed. Relaxation time tends to decrease with increasing temperature. Current-voltage study of the film under ±50 V applied voltage exhibits temperature dependent rectifying nature indicating the formation of back to back Schottky Barrier Diode (SBD) with barrier height 0.94eV.Tb and Mn codoped Bismuth Ferrite (BTFMO) nanoparticles of crystallite size 45 nm and 2.0 wt% BTFMO- PVA nanocomposite film are synthesized by sol gel method. From Williamson-Hall analysis, strain is found to be 0.4%. Morphological Study reveals the uniform dispersion of BTFMO nanofillers in the PVA matrix. Modified Cole-Cole model is well-fitted with the experimentally observed temperature dependent dielectric response of the film sample above room temperature. A non-Debye type asymmetric behavior is observed. Relaxation time tends to decrease with increasing temperature. Current-voltage study of the film under ±50 V applied voltage exhibits temperature dependent rectifying nature indicating the formation of back to back Schottky Barrier Diode (SBD) with barrier height 0.94eV.


The obstetric disorder preeclampsia (PE) is a condition presenting with new onset hypertension and other co‐morbidities such as proteinuria and endothelial dysfunction. Women with preeclamptic pregnancies have significantly increased circulating levels of the soluble vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor Flt‐1 (sFlt‐1). Acting as a VEGF antagonist, which is crucial for the growth and proliferation of endothelial cells, sFlt‐1 causes decreased bioavailability of VEGF. The mechanism regulating the alternative splicing of full length Flt‐1 to the soluble variant are not understood, though U2AF65 and JMJD6 are two proteins which have been implicated in splicing event. Previous research has suggested that U2AF65 promotes the splicing of sFlt‐1, while JMJD6 antagonizes splicing by marking U2AF65 for degradation. Using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), we tested the hypothesis that U2AF65 and JMJD6 were both necessary for alternative splicing in endothelial cells. siRNA was utilized to knock down both U2AF65 (1± 0.012 Fold vs 0.136± 0.017 Fold; p<0.001) and JMJD6 (0.87±0.17 Fold vs 0.077 ± 0.019 Fold; p<0.001) when normalized to β‐actin. Surprisingly, when we measured sFlt‐1 variants 2 and 3, the two most common variants in humans, we found no difference in sFlt‐1 expression. Additionally, we measured expression of the full length Flt‐1, and similarly saw no changes. Next, we overexpressed both U2AF65 and JMJD6 and assessed levels by qRT‐PCR. We observed a trend for ~2‐fold increase in U2AF65 200% (0.85 ± 0.20 Fold vs 1.899 ± 0.39 Fold; p=0.22) though this did not reach significance. Interestingly, in addition to significantly overexpressing JMJD6 (1.27 ± 0.27 Fold vs 2.40 ± 0.31 Fold; p<0.01), cells overexpressing JMJD6 also had significantly higher expression of U2AF65 (0.85 ± 0.20 Fold vs 2.63 ± 0.30 Fold; p<0.05). We measured expression of the FLT1 gene, with no changes seen in the expression of Flt‐1 or sFlt‐1 version 2. The sFlt‐1 variant 3, however, was significantly higher in cells overexpressing JMJD6 (1.008 ± 0.09 Fold vs 1.56 ± 0.14 Fold; p<0.05). Despite the message levels remaining unchanged, sFlt‐1 protein was affected by U2AF65 and JMJD6, with strong trends toward decreased sFlt‐1 in with knock down of U2AF65 (5066 ± 644.3 pg/mL vs 3231 ± 193.5 pg/mL; p=0.067) and JMJD6 (5066 ± 644.3 pg/mL vs 3447 ± 605 pg/mL; p=0.09). Cells which had expression of both U2AF65 and JMJD6 knocked down exhibited an additive effect of sFlt‐1 protein decrease (5066 ± 644.3 pg/mL vs 2166 ± 63.6 pg/mL; p<0.01). Similar, though non‐significant, trends of a positive correlation were seen in cells overexpressing U2AF65 and JMJD6 having slightly increased sFlt‐1 in the media. Because the message levels did not differ greatly among the transformed cells, we looked at heparanase (HPSE) expression as a modulator of sFlt‐1 release into the media. Though there was no change in HPSE expression in knockdown cells, significantly higher HPSE expression was seen in cells overexpressing both U2AF65 and JMJD6 (1.0 ± 0.03 Fold vs 1.97 ± 0.15 Fold; p<0.001). These data suggest that U2AF65 and JMJD6 play an important role in the release of sFlt‐1, but may not be part of the alternative splicing machinery. Future experiments will look at other potential modulators regulating both sFlt‐1 and heparanase, such as MMP‐9.


To understand the timing of extensional deformation which has occurred in the Great Basin since the close of the Sevier orogeny, a compilation of normal fault ages was made for Nevada and western Utah. Available literature indicates that normal faulting occurred there on a regional scale in the Late Mesozoic and Early and Middle Tertiary as well as in the Late Tertiary and Quaternary. There is no apparent spatial pattern in the age of initial normal faulting in Nevada and Utah; apparent areal differences in the intensity of fault development for a given time period may be real or a function of missing stratigraphic units needed to define properly the ages of faulting. Although Late Tertiary and Quaternary normal faults would probably be classified as basinrange faults by most workers, a question remains as to the nature of the Late Mesozoic and Early and Middle Tertiary normal faults. They could represent initial basin-range type extension, or they could represent a distinct episode of extension between the Sevier and "BasinRange" orogenies.


4577 Background: In mRCC, ipilimumab and nivolumab (ipi-nivo) is a 1L treatment option. Recent data have also shown efficacy of 1L IO-VEGF (IOVE) inhibitor combinations. Comparative data between these two strategies are limited and the efficacy of subsequent therapies remains unknown. Methods: Using the IMDC dataset, patients (pts) treated with any 1L IOVE combination were compared to those treated with ipi-nivo. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was performed to control for imbalances in IMDC risk factors. Results: 188 pts received 1L IO combination therapy: 113 treated with IOVE combinations and 75 with ipi-nivo. Baseline characteristics and IMDC risk factors were comparable between groups. When comparing IOVE combinations vs ipi-nivo, 1L response rate (RR) was 33% vs 40% (p=0.39), time to treatment failure (TTF) was 14.3 (95% CI 9.2-16.1) vs 10.2 months (95% CI 6.7-15.1, p=0.23), and median overall survival (OS) was not reached (NR) (95% CI 22.3-NR) vs NR (95% CI 35.1-NR, p=0.17). When adjusted for IMDC risk factors, the hazard ratio (HR) for TTF was 0.71 (95% CI 0.46-1.12, p=0.14) and the HR for death was 1.74 (95% CI 0.82-3.68, p=0.14). Second-line (2L) treatments were varied. In pts receiving subsequent VEGF-based therapy, 2L RR was lower in the IOVE (n=20) versus ipi-nivo (n=20) cohort (15% vs 45%; p=0.04), though 2L TTF was not significantly different (3.7 vs 5.4 months, p=0.40, n=55). The use of IO post IOVE was uncommon and 3/5 pts had PD as best response; 2/5 had PR/SD but their 1L IOVE exposure was short at <3 months. Conclusions: There does not appear to be a superior 1L IO combination strategy in mRCC, as lOVE combinations and ipi-nivo have comparable 1L RR, TTF and OS. Most pts received VEGF-based therapy in the 2L. In this group, 2L RR was greater in pts who received ipi-nivo, though there was no difference in 2L TTF. [Table: see text]


OBJECTIVE
To compare performance on EC301 battery calculation task between aphasic subjects and normal controls of the same sex, age, and education.

METHOD
Thirty-two aphasic patients who had suffered a single left hemisphere stroke were evaluated. Forty-four healthy volunteers were also selected. All subjects underwent a comprehensive arithmetic battery to assess their numerical and calculation skills. Performances on numerical processing and calculation tasks were then analyzed.

RESULTS
Aphasic individuals showed changes in their ability to perform numerical processing and calculation tasks that were not observed in the healthy population.

CONCLUSION
Compared with healthy subjects of the same age and education level, individuals with aphasia had difficulty performing various tasks that involved numerical processing and calculation.


This first chapter serves as a general introduction to what this thesis is all about. It introduces the basic concept and relevance of nano technology, giving emphasis to semiconductor nano crystals or quantum dots. It gives a bird eye view of various techniques of synthesis if quantum dots. Then the basic concepts of a few important optical properties exhibited by quantum dots are introduced. This includes quantum confinement effects, random lasing action, Coherent backscattering and nonlinear optics. At the end it justifies the selection of ZnO as the material of studies by highlighting its merits and applications "There is a time for some things and a time for all things; a time for great things and a time for small things. " Miguel de Cervates


In unit selection based speech synthesizer, defining a good unit set is crucial to the speech quality. In this paper, a method of customizing the TTS base unit set with a specific speech corpus is proposed. Multi-phoneme units are boosted from the initial phoneme-sized unit. A new multi-phoneme unit is added to the inventory based upon its own frequency count and the affected frequency count of other units. As a result, a large base unit set, which contains many multi-phoneme units, is formed when the speech corpus is large. While, for a small speech corpus, only a few bi-phoneme or tri-phoneme are found. Such a scalable base unit set makes it possible to achieve better smoothness in concatenation while maintain the naturalness of prosody. Evaluation results show that, after replacing the phone-sized base unit set with the customized set, the search speed is improved by 5 times and 59% preference score is obtained.


Today's environmental challenges urge man to search for possible solution from wider viewpoints. This paper review is persuasive that it stresses relevance of environmental education for all citizens as one of the key tools for stewardship of environmental wellbeing besides policies and actions combating against environmental problems like pollutions and environmental degradation; believing that environmental education can pose positive change in attitude and behavior of society that in turn probably support efforts done towards sustainable development. The paper also attempt to discuss rationale of this review paper, interactions between man and environment, meaning and aims of environmental education, environmental pollution, climate change, pressure on biological diversity, desertification and drought, population growth and resource use, population growth and environment, dimensions and approaches of environmental education. Developing environmental literacy- knowledge, skill, attitude and actions on current environmental challenges particularly like climate change, loss of biodiversity, health problems and suggested solutions of these problems are need commitment to be addressed. Hence, environmentally literate citizens make informed environmentally sound decisions. Further, suitable approach of delivering environmental education, for all learners, in schools or higher institutions probably is generic form.


The octanol–water partition coefficients (P) of pairs of isoxazolinyldioxepin diastereoisomers were measured. It was found that one type of diastereoisomer had a lower partition coefficient than the corresponding analogue from the other type. These differences were attributed to variations in molecular conformation. Quantum-mechanical studies have also shown major differences in the electronic distribution of the two types of diastereoisomers. These findings were finally confirmed by experiments designed to test the ability of the two types of isoxazolinyldioxepin to complex with mono-cations such as Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+, and Cu+.


A report on the 1960 Congress of the Social Interacademiale (the Inter-University Association of Dutch sociology Students). It was held at Woudschoten near Utrecht, and its theme was 'Isolation and COMM.' The chief speakers were: R. C. Kwant on 'The Philosophical Analysis of Isolation and Cooperation,' who defined them as 2 correlative concepts; E. Leemans, who spoke on the sociol'ly determinant factors of isolation and COMM in the light of P. Sorokin's theory of 'meaningful interaction'; J. Ex, who explained the quantitative and qualitative approaches to the study of isolation and COMM; and G. J. van den Berg, who explained the 2 concepts in terms of 'situation,' a concept which he developed in the light of modern geography. I. Langnas.


Using Walters' version of the Ruelle-Perron-Frobenius Theorem we show the existence and uniqueness of KMS states for a certain one-parameter group of automorphisms on a C*-algebra associated to a positively expansive map on a compact metric space.


We compared the results of optical characterization between five InGaN/GaN quantum well samples of different well widths. Temperature dependencies of photoluminescence (PL) spectral positions, integrated PL intensities, and PL intensity decay times at PL peaks of all the five samples showed three temperature ranges of different variation trends. The radiative efficiencies of the samples in the high temperature range had the same decay slope, which is supposed to be determined by the defect structures outside clusters. The radiative efficiencies in the medium temperature range varied among samples, indicating different defect structures in the regions between coupled clusters in different samples. Consistent results of temperature dependent variations between the integrated PL intensity and PL decay time among these samples provided clues for reasonable interpretations. Also, we showed the strong dependencies of thermal annealing effects on quantum well (QW) width in InGaN/GaN QW structures. Thermal annealing at 800 °C of a narrow QW width (2 nm) structure led to improved optical quality. However, thermal annealing at the same temperature of a sample of larger QW width (4 nm) resulted in degraded optical quality.


A new approach is presented for the inversion of travel‐time data in ocean acoustic tomography. Using model relations between sound‐speed and arrival‐time perturbations about a set of background states, arrival times and associated model errors are calculated on a fine grid of model states discretizing the parameter space. Each model state can explain (identify) a number of observed peaks in a particular reception laying within the uncertainty intervals of the corresponding predicted arrival times. The model states that explain the maximum number of observed peaks are considered as the more likely parametric descriptions of the reception; these model states can be described in terms of mean values and variances providing a statistical answer (matched‐peak solution) to the inversion problem. An advantage of the proposed approach is that there is no need for initialization of the inversion procedure, i.e., no need for additional hydrographic information. Furthermore, the matched‐peak solution for each reception is independent of the previous reception identification/inversion results. The method was applied to nine‐month‐long tomography data from the Thetis‐2 experiment in the western Mediterranean sea. [Work partially supported by EU/MAST.]A new approach is presented for the inversion of travel‐time data in ocean acoustic tomography. Using model relations between sound‐speed and arrival‐time perturbations about a set of background states, arrival times and associated model errors are calculated on a fine grid of model states discretizing the parameter space. Each model state can explain (identify) a number of observed peaks in a particular reception laying within the uncertainty intervals of the corresponding predicted arrival times. The model states that explain the maximum number of observed peaks are considered as the more likely parametric descriptions of the reception; these model states can be described in terms of mean values and variances providing a statistical answer (matched‐peak solution) to the inversion problem. An advantage of the proposed approach is that there is no need for initialization of the inversion procedure, i.e., no need for additional hydrographic information. Furthermore, the matched‐peak solution for each recep...


The present invention relates to a door opening device of a refrigerator, a conventional refrigerator door by, but securely fixed to the gasket on the entire border 4 side to the buried magnets the entire front end of the gasket to be fixed in close contact with the refrigerator body, the user tries to open the refrigerator door If when the refrigerator door, not only greatly needed by the magnetic opening force of a magnet buried in the entire inner edge 4 side of small refrigerator has got the entire door opening at each refrigerator set shaking problem, the top in order to solve this problem, is exposed to the outside and the work form the gear down and installed to enable the lifting up and down the lever on one side, and the gear is meshed with the gear portion of the operating lever, a has the gear coaxial with the defect integral cam and the upper surface of the rear side is the cam and the the interviews and exposed toward the refrigerator body and the tip of the hook portion is formed by a spring Operating arm rear side a is suppressed to the upper side is installed rotatably as to form a fixing groove, so additional hook of the actuating arm can be hung on the outer peripheral side, and is suppressed in the direction of pushing the operating arm by the spring front rotatably refrigerator operating plate and the inner rim is installed on, but formed of a plurality of stoppers provided in the operating plate and the working plate adjacent position to limit the turning range of the operating plate.


The size of remittances and their macro and microeconomic impacts and development outcomes are well documented. A case in point: official remittances to low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in 2021 were projected to reach $587 billion, three times official development assistance and 50% higher than foreign direct investment (excluding China). However, the volumes and size of informal (or unrecorded) remittance flows have received comparatively less attention from central banks compared with formal remittance flows and other sources of external finance, owing to their informal nature and the scarcity of data. Greater digitisation of remittances, significantly accelerated during Covid-19, has provided an opportunity to understand and formalise remittance flows.


Modern communities regulate themselves demographically by following principles of efficiency. A kind of homeostatic equilibrium is developed around 1 Universidad de Extremadura (firstname.lastname@example.com). Fecha de recepcion: julio 2013. Fecha de aceptacion: septiembre 2013 Revista de Demografia Historica, XXX, II, 2012, segunda epoca, pp. 25-54 Jose Pablo Blanco Carrasco 26 Revista de Demografia Historica, XXX, II, 2012, segunda epoca, pp. 25-54 the common project of surviving and increasing their population, and which makes use of tools whose principal purpose has been explained by traditional historical demography. Despite the explanatory simplicity of the theory, the reality of these mechanisms of self-regulation is very complex, and even more when cultural characteristics are connected to it as well--technological characteristics, for example--that modulate the capacity of choice of individual persons, exert basic pressures of coercion on them and produce, de facto, not so much limits to this kind of growth, but rather the manners in which it is possible for the community to grow. One of the basic means of control in community growth models in the past was endogamy, understood in its triple geographical, social and biological dimension of effects which are different, but interrelated, in each community.


33 women who underwent cardiovascular accidents while under estroprogestative contraceptive therapy are reported on. The patients were from 21-48 years old the mean age was 32 years. The duration of artificial cycles before the accident was as short as 1 cycle and as long as 84 cycles with a mean around 21 cycles. 30 patients had received permanent treatment with a combination of estrogens and progestatives. 22 out of 32 of the cases consisted of cerebrovascular arterial accidents numbering 9 right hemiplegias with definite sequels of aphasia in 6 cases; 8 left hemiplegias; 3 ischemic lesions of the brain stem; and 2 ocular thromboses with partial or total loss of the visual field. There were 7 cases of coronary insufficiency or acute coronary thrombosis 3 cases of severe pulmonary embolism and 1 case of isolated thrombophlebitis. After discontinuation of the pill 23 of the 33 women were believed to have shown latent permanent blood lipid disorders although these were sometimes discrete and relatively difficult to detect. Classification of the type of these disorders revealed a great prevalence of mixed hyperlipidemia corresponding to Type III or II + IV (IIb) in 19 cases whereas essential hypercholesterolemia corresponding to Type II was found in only 4 cases. Even in the 9 cases without permanent blood lipid abnormalities after discontinuation of the pill and in all the victims of cerebrovascular accidents there was a definite familial history at the stage of 1 direct ascendant of either idiopathic atherogenic hyperlipidemia premature cardiovascular thrombosis diabetes and gout. Only 3 cases remained free from any suspicion of an abnormal metabolic background. The existence of an abnormal metabolic background of familial origin is strongly suspected to be the main factor facilitating thrombotic accidents.


This study was aimed to establish the reference values of blood lymphocyte immunophenotype in healthy adult between Ugyur and Han nationalities in Xinjiang and to compare the difference between these two nationalities in respect to nationality and gender, anticoagulated peripheral blood samples of 75 Ugyur people and 104 Han people were stained with monoclonal antibodies; the lymphocytes were analyzed by flow cytometery for the expression of lymphocyte-population bearing surface markers, the data were analyzed by SPSS 11.0. The results showed that the reference ranges of blood lymphocyte subsets in Uygur and Han adults were as follows: total T cells amounted to 67.85±8.97% and 69.98±10.14% respectively; helper T cell to 36.86±5.74% and 40.07±6.10% respectively; inhibitor T cell to 26.67±6.15% and 27.16±6.29% respectively; CD4/CD8 ratio to 1.46±0.47 and 1.56±0.47 respectively; NK cell to 16.91±9.89% and 12.81±7.34% respectively; B cell to 10.09±3.33% and 11.78±3.81% respectively; CD3~+/HLA-DR~+ to 10.05±2.95% and 11.27±4.98% respectively; CD25~+ cell to 1.76±5.26% and 4.10±4.30% respectively. The differences of those two nationalities were mainly in total T cells, NK cell, B cell and CD25~+ cell. Furthermore there were also some differences between male and female. There might exist differences in helper T cells, CD4/CD8 ratio between Ugyur male and female, while this difference in Han lied in inhibitor cell and NK cell. Compared to those of two nationalities, the helper T cell percentage and CD4/CD8 ratio of Uygur male were lower than those in Han male. And in female, Uygur people had higher percent of NK cell (P0.01), but lower CD25~+ cell than those in Han's (P0.01). In conclusion, the nationalities and gender could influence the reference value of lymphocyte immunophenotype, the reference values of blood lymphocyte immunophenotype in the normal healthy adults of Ugyur and Han nationalities in Xinjiang were defined, and the differences between these two nationlities in respect to nationality and gender were elucidated.


The concern of the truth,the promotion of the goodness and the expression of the beauty are the values of modern sense of procedure guarantee in civil litigation.Concretely speaking,procedure guarantee's concern of the truth is represented as follows: finding the truth of cases,according with the rule of litigation,revealing the spirit of the age,adapting to the objective conditions and improving the legal entity;procedure guarantee's promotion of the goodness is represented as follows: revealing the human justice,achieving people's interests,promoting social progress,maintaining social order and revealing the humanism idea;procedure guarantee's expression of the beauty is represented as follows: procedural structure is rigorous and rational,procedural system is harmonious and compatible,communication language is simple and easy to understand,solving atmosphere is friendly and pleasing,cooperation and confrontation are supplementing with each other.