I mages in E mergency M edicine Images in Emergency Medicine: Traumatic Pneumocephalus Terence Ahern, BA Sean O. Henderson, MD Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California Supervising Section Editor: Rick A. McPheeters, DO Submission history: Submitted October 31, 2007; Revision Received January 25, 2008; Accepted February 20, 2008. Reprints available through open access at www.westjem.org [WestJEM. 2008;9:123.] A six-year-old female was evaluated at the Emergency Department after being struck by an automobile driving 15-20 mph through a pedestrian crosswalk. The initial assessment was significant for a blood pressure at 104/72 mm Hg, heart rate at 124 beats per minute, decreased breath sounds in the left chest with agonal respirations, bleeding from right ear and back of head, open eyes, and non-verbal communication. The patient was intubated and a bedside chest x-ray demonstrated a left lung hemopneumothorax that was immediately drained via chest tube. A subsequent CT scan of the head exposed skull fractures and massive pneumocephalus with multiple air bubbles surrounding the brain and within the lateral ventricles. Pneumocephalus has been reported in traumatic and non- traumatic instances; however, trauma accounts for most cases (74%), and its incidence has been estimated between 0.5 and 1.0% of all head injuries. 1 The most common traumatic causes include facial bone or cranial fracture with an injury that extends to the dura mater. 2 The prognosis is largely related to the type of injury and the number of air bubbles or pockets, but it has been shown that a pneumocephalus with multiple air bubbles is prognostically unfavorable, regardless of the mechanism of injury. 3 Address for correspondence: Terence Ahern, BA, Department of Emergency Medicine, LAC + USC Medical Center, 1200 N. State Street, Room 1011, Los Angeles, CA 90033. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Figure 1. CT image demonstrating severe and widespread air bubbles in the subarachnoid and subdural spaces, as noted by the dark areas and highlighted by the arrows. 2. Keskil S, Baykaner K, Ceviker N, Isik S, Cengel M, Orbay T. Clinical significance of acute traumatic intracranial pneumocephalus. Neuro- surg Rev. 1998; 21:10-13. 3. Steudel W, Hacker H. Acute intracranial pneumocephalus: prognosis and management – a retrospective analysis of 101 cases. Neurosurg Rev. 1989; 12 Suppl 1:125-136. REFERENCES 1. Sherman SC, Bokhari F. Massive pneumocephalus after minimal head trauma. J Emergency Medicine. 2003; 25:319-320. Volume IX, no . 2 : May 2008 The Western Journal of Emergency Medicine


Tilting pad journal bearings are usually employed in turbomachines for their stable behavior at high rotational speeds. Devoted test rigs have been realized to validate the predictions of theoretical models. However, the design of new high-performance and large-size bearings needs to be supported by experimental investigations on high-performance large test rigs. The main characteristics of a recently built facility for testing large tilting pad journal bearings with diameters from 150 to 300 mm are described in this work. The test rig is versatile and can be used to test bearings of different size, configurations and to investigate the influence of many parameters, even the effect of misalignment. Sample results of the static characterization of a four-pad high-performance tilting pad journal bearing are reported evidencing some transient effects. A few sample dynamic results are also reported. The presented experimental results demonstrated the capabilities of the rig for investigating the static and the dynamic characteristics of the bearings accurately measuring slow and fast variables.


Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a world-wide health problem with about 150 million people (3% of the world population) (www.who. int) chronically infected. HCV is a single, positive-strand RNA virus that belongs to Flaviviridae family [1]. The full length of HCV genome contains 9.6 kb and encodes a polyprotein precursor of about 3000 amino acids that is then cleaved by host and viral proteases into three structural proteins (core, E1, and E2) and seven nonstructural proteins (p7, NS2, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, NS5A, and NS5B) [2,3].


ABSTRACT The businesses community of different sectors affected by current energy crisis in Pakistan tends towards dairy business.They are highly interested by the information on milk composition particularly of buffalo milk due to its majorcontribution in national's milk production i.e. 63% according to the FAO's published data of 2010. It is necessary toknow for maximum value addition in dairy food chain as the nutrients not only determine the dietary value of milk forhuman consumption but also help to define market strategies for various classes of consumers like growing children,nursing mothers, young persons involved in hard jobs or elderly people. Buffaloes are most important sources of milk forhuman consumption in several parts of the world including Pakistan. It is characterized by higher solids contents forbeing richer source of lipids, protein, lactose and minerals. Buffalo milk has long been valued by its important chemicalcomposition determining nutritive properties and suitability in the manufacture of traditional as well as industrial dairyproducts. Recently buffalo milk's constituents, their nutritional importance and bioactive properties have received muchattention. In this paper, the composition and physico-chemical properties of major constituents of buffalo milk withparticular emphasis on lipids, protein, minerals, enzymes and vitamins have been presented. The concentration andpartition of major elements between different phases of buffalo milk are also given. The enzymic profiles as well as thenutrient molecules have been presented for the said milk which determines its suitability for various processes and endproducts. The available technologies need some modifications even from milking machines to industrial processing. It isa golden opportunity for the investors to come into buffalo milk business to get advantage from the governmentinitiatives in the current period. In this way, we will be able to improve the genetic potential of buffaloes in getting moremilk of higher quality and experimenting diversity of products particularly cheeses and other fermented dairy productsfor the local market and export by better exploiting the uniqueness of buffalo milk.Key words: Buffalo milk, chemical composition, physico-chemical properties.


Living graft macromolecule has been prepared through reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) living radical polymerization in one step. Then, it was used to make polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) by controlling the mole ratio of styrene (St) to 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) and adjusting the content of prepared graft macromolecule. The results showed that electro-optical properties of PDLC have been optimized. Different concentration of living graft macromolecule and different mole ratio of St/HDDA led to substantial improvement of driving voltage (threshold voltage and saturation voltage) and memory effect of PDLC simultaneously. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012


In a time-driven sensor network, monitored data are periodically reported to the base station via a data-gathering tree. Unfortunately, the problem of finding the spanning tree with maximum lifetime is known to be NP-complete. In this work-in-progress paper, we propose a genetic algorithm to solve this problem. We test it for small-sized networks, for which the optimal solution can be evaluated, and we obtain encouraging preliminary results in terms of correctness and computational complexity.


This paper aims to present a proposal for Trend Insecurity Index (ITP) for the labor market in the metropolitan region of Sao Paulo. First, however, these models are analyzed by Savoy (2000), De Toni (2004) and Freire (2006). From the results obtained, it is considered that the use ITP as a statistical tool proved to be a valuable tool for analyzing the evolution of forms and conditions of insertion present in the metropolitan labor market of Sao Paulo. The results of the ITP show increasing precariousness of the labor market between 1995-2003 and the SPMA downward trend in the same precarious labor market between 2004-2009.


The proposed architecture is based on the structured quasi-cyclic (QC)-LDPC codes. The main contribution of this work is rearrangement for the original PCMs in DVB-S2 standard to QC type and utilize the property of QC codes structure achieving variable code lengths (64800 for normal and 16200 for short) and multiple code rates (1/4; 1/3; 2/5; 1/2; 3/5; 2/3; 3/4; 4/5; 5/6; 8/9; 9/10) for DVB-S2 based LDPC decoder architecture flexibly.


The chaotic states of a nonlinear system can be characterized by calculating the entropy of its frequency spectrum. Three examples of nonlinear differential equations, the Lorenz, Duffing and van der Pol equations, are included as illustrations. High values of the normalized spectral entropy are found to reflect chaos. Sharp variations in the normalized spectral entropy diagram result from the fact that the system becomes highly sensitive to the control parameters within the chaotic region. Thus, the above characteristics are considered to be useful to decide whether a nonlinear system is chaotic or not.


The anharmonic zero-point vibrations of a crystal are studied using a two-atom model. It is shown that the amplitude of such vibrations cannot exceed a certain limiting value, which is a fraction of the interatomic distance. Compressing the crystal decreases and stretching increases the amplitude of the zero-point vibrations. It is found that the melting temperature of the crystal depends on the de Boer parameter, which is qualitatively close to the observed dependence. It is shown that the melting temperature satisfies Lindemann's formula in the classical limit. There exists a critical value of the de Boer parameter for which the melting temperature vanishes. For values of the de Boer parameter less than but close to the critical value, melting is of a strongly quantum character.


In excavation of foundation pits, stress level was reduced in comparison with initial stress state.Such result will effect earth pressure unfavorably, but in current foundation pit supporting design, the soil parameter calculated for earth pressure is without considering actual stress path in the excavation process.Some engineering accident often occurred due to these inaccurate support structure designs.Therefore, this paper analyzes and researches the soil parameters for the foundation stability between routine test and unloading test.


In today's world of international sales contracts ethical standards become more and more important. Consumers today are ready to pay a higher price for ethically produced and fairly traded goods. This article discusses in the first place, how ethical standards become part of a sales contract that is governed by the CISG, be it by specific contractual stipulations, trade usages, or subsidiarily, by relying on the provisions of the CISG. Once ethical standards have become part of the contract, special problems arise with regard to possible remedies when these standards are not complied with. After a short discussion of the remedies of specific performance and avoidance, the article focuses on the remedy of damages, and on how to ascertain loss in these cases. It is argued that the CISG is flexible enough to adequately deal with the new developments in the area of ethical standards.


Objective:to study the effect of fuchuang decoction to promote wound healing after radiofrequency-induced endometrial ablation and the mechanism.Methods: Thirty patients subject to radiofrequency-induced endometrial ablation were randomly divided into two groups(each group having 15 cases): group A subject to routine treatment and Fuchuang decoction treatment,and group B only to routine treatment.The contents of EGF and IL-1 before and after the treatment were determined.Results: Both two groups had higher serum EGF and IL-1 levels after operation than before operation.EGF and IL-1 in group A were significantly higher than in group B(P0.05).Conclusion: Fuchuang decoction can promote EGF and IL-1 release after radiofrequency-induced endometrial ablation.


We read with great interest the article by Kooiman et al1 about the reduced risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients treated with transradial when compared with transfemoral percutaneous coronary interventions. The pathophysiology of AKI after percutaneous coronary interventions remains only partially understood, but several modifiable factors exist: among these the vascular access may play a central role. Transradial approach reduces the risk of bleeding both at the vascular access and in even remote sites, leading to a positive effect on short- and long-term outcomes. Patients who experience periprocedural bleeding have a higher likelihood of development of AKI, the incidence of which, in turn, correlates with bleeding severity. To avoid hemodynamic instability because …


The experiences of 62 individuals seeking their first higher education position in special education were assessed. Participants were asked to note how many positions they applied for, how those positions came to their attention, what application materials were submitted, and the length of time it took institutions to respond to their applications. Twelve persons were also asked to assess the interviews they had on campuses. Results revealed that each subject applied for about 6 positions, most of which were advertised in The Chronicle of Higher Education. The application materials submitted by respondents were quite similar. The majority of respondents expressed several dissatisfactions with the search process. Applicants invited to campuses for interviews also expressed many dissatisfactions with the interview process. Difficulties communicating with committee members and concerns related to financial arrangements were mentioned.


This paper attempts to disclose the mechanical properties of concrete under dynamic load. To this end, concrete was considered as a threephase composite of mortar, aggregate and interfacial transition zone (ITZ) on the mesoscale. In light of the dynamic constitutive relation of concrete, the dynamic response of concrete specimens was numerically simulated on a 3D meso-mechanical model. Then, the authors discussed how the loading speed, aggregate volume content, and aggregate particle size affect the dynamic mechanical properties of concrete. The simulation results show that the damage morphology of concrete under dynamic load agrees well with that of theoretical analysis; the peak stress of concrete increased with the loading speed, revealing an obvious strain rate enhancement effect; the peak stress of concrete also increased with aggregate volume content; however, the peak stress of concrete gradually decreased with the increase in aggregate particle size under the constant volume content and grading of aggregate. The research findings shed new light on anti-impact design of concrete structures.


Using the Green's function method with a tight binding Hamiltonian, the electronic structures of the ground states of S0/Se0, S0/Te0 and Se0/Te0 mixed pairs in Si are investigated. Two A1 symmetrical states are introduced by the mixed pairs, the bonding A1 state is higher than the antibonding A1 state. The numerical results of the energy leveals of mixed pairs are obtained, which are in agreement with the experimental observations. It looks likely that the unidentified shallower energy leveals (S0/Se0 (X1), S0/Te0 (X1), Se0/Te0 (X1)…) are not introduced by the mixed pairs with other non-nearest positions. We note that the transfer direction of the s wavefuction between two different defect atoms in Si is reversed as compare with the ordinary diatomic molecule case. The physical reason is discussed.


A review Objective: To study the medication rules of "Feire" syndrome in "Wen" disease ancient books by TCM inheritance support system, in order to provide experience for the treatment of acute infectious diseases with "Feire" syndrome Methods: "Feire" syndrome related prescriptions were collected from 30 ancient books as Shiretiaobian, Wenbingtiaobian and Shibinglun, etc Then database was established based on these prescriptions, to put in the TCM inheritance supportsystem Then drug usage frequency, association rule, core combination and new prescription analyze were used to study these prescriptions for different "Feire" syndrome Results: A total of 107 "Feire" syndrome prescriptions were collected from 16 related ancient books 66 herbs were included in 21 "Fengrefanfei" prescriptions, 47 herbs were included in 19 "Zaoreshangfei" prescriptions, 80 herbs were included in 25 "Feireyongsheng" prescriptions, 54 herbs were included in 27 "Shireyunfei" prescriptions, and 53 herbs were included in 15 "Redubifei" prescriptions Conclusions: The high-frequency herbs for "Fengrefanfei" syndrome are Menthae Haplocalycis Herba, Forsythiae Fructus and Sojae Semen Praeparatum, etc The high-frequency herbs for "Zaoreshangfei" syndrome are Armeniacae Semen Amarum 1Eriobotryae Folium 1Ophiopogonis Radix and Mori Folium The high-frequency herbs for "Feireyongsheng" syndrome are Gypsum Fibrosum "Forsythiae Fructus" Mori Cortex and Lycii Cortex The high-frequency herbs for "Shireyunfei" are Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, Moslae Herba, Talcum, Tetrapanacis Medulla, etc The high-frequency herbs for "Redubifei" syndrome are Forsythiae Fructus, Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, Menthae Haplocalycis Herba, Arctii Fructus, Scrophulariae Radix and so on Ten core herb combinations were mined and five new prescriptions were extracted All herbs and prescriptions reflect the characteristics of "Qingfeire" and "Cunjinye" under the principle of syndrome differentiation of "Weiqiyingxue", as well as "Zhibianfangbian"


Research in medicine and public health is essential for the future well-being of society. In sports medicine, research has, for example, shown that psychological, social and contextual factors all influence recovery processes after sport-related injuries.1 Such an understanding is central to optimise rehabilitation and improve outcomes and quality of life.

Many members of the BJSM community are well versed in the research funding world. In research funding, peer review of grant applications is considered the best practice for deciding which projects or scholars are funded. There are, however, concerns about the validity of peer-review and research evaluation. A recent systematic review indicated that grant peer review in the health sciences suffers from biases, conservatism and is a weak predictor of future research performance.2 We acknowledge that maximising effectiveness and fairness of public research funding is challenging and in this editorial, we argue that research on research funding is required to reduce biases and conservatism and increase the efficiency of grant review.

There are inherent weaknesses in grant review, which raise the question if it is the best method for allocating research funding. As funding organisations only recently have begun to investigate their review processes, most evidence on these challenges is anecdotal. Additionally, not much is known …


SummArY Adnexal torsion is an uncommon case during pregnancy. Torsion usually occurs in ovaries with previously diagnosed cysts or tumors. It is rare for a previously normal ovary to undergo torsion in advanced gestation. Here, we report a case of adnexal torsion during the 9th week of pregnancy without any predisposing factors. The patient was admitted to emergency department with mild lower abdominal pain and nausea. With the worsening of clinical and ultrasonographic signs, a right salpingo-ovariectomy was performed. After surgery, the pregnant patient was treated with fluid and appropriate drug supplementations and continuation of the pregnancy was achieved. Adnexal torsion, though rare, should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of lower abdominal pain in advanced gestation.


This paper aims to set the record straight regarding the first observations of Corbicula fluminea (Muller, 1775) in the Guadiana River Basin. According to the available data, C. fluminea was first observed in 1988 and not in 2006 as suggested by Perez-Bote and Fernandez (2008). The first observations of C. fluminea in the Guadiana estuary were reported in 2000. In 2003, C. fluminea was already well established in the estuary and in many rivers and streams. C. fluminea is likely to expand its current biogeographic distribution in Portugal, since suitable lentic habitats for colonization will be crea ted by the implementation of the "National program of dams with high hydraulic potential", which should be concluded by 2016.


savages and beasts the birth of the modern zoo is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our books collection spans in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the savages and beasts the birth of the modern zoo is universally compatible with any devices to read.


In this report we give a full description of sim, a C++ library for discrete event simulation. The sim library supports both an event and process-oriented approach to developing simulations. Events as well as entities (which may be considered as events with states signifying episodes in its lifetime) are provided as abstract classes that must be reened by the application programmer to deene the actual events and entities participating in the simulation. The sim library is integrated with the hush library, thus ooering powerful graphic and animation facilities. However, the sim library may also be used independently, on both Unix and MS-Dos platforms. This report presents an overview of the classes constituting the sim library (including the classes event, entity, generator, resource, queue, histogram and analysis) as well as two standard examples illustrating the deployment of the classes in writing simulation programs. Also, an example is given of how to create a graphical animation of a particular simulation. The appendix contains, moreover, a more extensive example of a jobshop simulation illustrating how the analysis class may be used to obtain measurements of complex queing behavior.


Historical facts prove that the peasantry of the Southern Ural region tried to revive and maintain traditional, cultural, moral and religious foundations.


Chorismate mutase (EC 22.214.171.124) from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an allosteric enzyme which can be locked in its active R (relaxed) state by a single threonine-to-isoleucine exchange at position 226. Seven new replacements of residue 226 reveal that this position is able to direct the enzyme's allosteric equilibrium, without interfering with the catalytic constant or the affinity for the activator.


This study provides empirical evaluation on the effect of korea's drawback system which has been used as means to support export and expedite the development of domestic input industries. According to the quantitative analysis on the drawback data of past 12 years between 1st quarter of 1986 to 1st quarter of 1997, korea's drawback system had negative impact on the export. The negative impact was shown in every industry. But in electronics, transportation machinery, chemical product industries the negative impact was relatively bigger. And the study on the Industry Indicator between 1970 and 1995 indicates that the drawback did not contribute to the development of domestic input industries. Moreover, contrary to the general expectation, the dependency on imported raw material has been gradually increased since the drawback system was introduced.


Numerous studies have shown that approximately 50% of drill string failure modes are fatigue failure, and the initial defects in the drill string are one of the key factors affecting the fatigue life of the drill string. The influence of initial defects is often ignored in traditional fatigue life prediction model of drill strings, which leads to high prediction results of drill string life and underestimation of drill string failure risks. In this paper, considering the stress intensity factor, stress amplitude and crack geometry a method for predicting the fatigue life of drill string with and without initial defects in the whole section of extended reach well is established. Finally, the new model is applied used to for a case study, and the average stress and fatigue life of drill strings with and without initial defects under different defect depths, crack sizes, rotating speeds and weight on bit are calculated and compared. The results show that the fatigue life of drill string mainly depends on the defect depth and crack size. The larger the initial defect depth and crack size, the faster the fatigue life of drill string decreases. Weight on bit and rotating speed are secondary factors. With the increase of WOB and rotating speed, the stress intensity factor increases, the crack propagation rate increases, and the fatigue life of drill string decreases. The position of minimum fatigue life may be different under different parameters. The two minimum fatigue life positions predicted in this paper are 3188m and 4509m, respectively, which are weak points of fatigue life. The research results have important guiding significance for the optimization design and drilling safety control of extended reach wells.


The aim and tasks of the study. The primary objective of this work was to investigate male forms and sunflower hybrids of the first generation for the contents of different tocopherol isomers. Segregation of the first generation hybrids was also investigated, and lines with increased contents of β, γ and δ-isomers of tocopherols were selected. Material and methods. The studies were carried out in lines with high contents tocopherol isomers and in lines developed in the Laboratory of Sunflower Breeding and Genetics of the Plant Production Institute named after VYa Yuriev of NAAS. The tocopherol content and composition were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Results and discussion. The article presents the results of studying the contents of tocopherol isomers in sunflower lines bred at the PPI as well as in lines developed in collaboration with the All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops. It was established that α-tocopherol predominated in sunflower lines bred at the PPI. Its content varied from 4.12 mg% (Kh279V) to 12.36 mg% (Kh220V). Lines developed in collaboration with the All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops containd a contrasting pattern of tocopherol isomers, which allows using them in sunflower breeding to obtain accessions with various contents of tocopherol isomers. The content of α-tocopherol ranges from 3.73 mg% (Vk-L-2) to 10.14 mg% (Vk-L-5); of β-tocopherol from 1.08 mg% (Vk-L-2) to 22,52 mg% (Vk-L-4); of γ-tocopherol from 0.54 mg% (Vk-L 1) to 6.60 mg% (Vk-L-4); and of δ-tocopherol from 0.53 mg % (Vk-L-4) to 21.80 mg% (Vk-L-1). Peculiarities of the inheritance of different isomers of tocopherols in the first generation hybrids were also studied. Tests showed that the content of α-tocopherol inherited by overdominance in all hybrid combinations. Conclusions. It was found that various contents of tocopherols in the first-generation hybrids depended on male components. Choosing male components, one can obtain the first generation hybrids with different composition of tocopherol isomers.


This paper examines the immediate response behavior of Los Angeles County residents to the October 1, 1987 Whittier Narrows earthquake. Drawing on both social science disaster research literature and occupant behavior studies, the authors consider various situational, demographic and socioeconomic variables as potential correlates of actions taken by individuals and families in response to the earthquake which measured 5.9 in magnitude. Survey data were obtained from 690 residents of the county, 191 in a pre-designated high impact area which included the City of Whittier and the immediate area and 499 persons selected at random from the remainder of the county. It was discovered that taking cover in a doorway, hall or under furniture was the modal response for people who were at home or work as was pulling to the side of the road and stopping for those driving on a road or highway. Among those who were at home at 7:42 a.m. when the earthquake struck, fear, the presence and identity of other people and gender were found to be associated with response actions. At work, response behavior was related to fear, ethnicity and the presence of others. The impact of fear on the propensity to take cover both at work and at home appeared to be amplified by several vuriables some of which had no significant bivariate relationship with taking cover. The authors conclude that the findings of this study are consistent with the generalization from the literature that behavior in a rapid onset disaster is controlled, rational and adaptive.


Previously a minimization principle for the sum of the first few smallest eigenvalues with the positive sign and Cauchy-like interlacing inequalities for the standard linear response eigenvalue problem for the 2n×2n matrix + = E. In a similar way as we have done for the standard linear response eigenvalue problem, we develop minimization principles and Cauchy-like interlacing inequalities. Subsequently, we in- vestigate the best eigenvalue approximations through a structure-preserving subspace projection and conjugate gradient-like algorithms for simultaneously computing the first few smallest eigenvalues with the positive sign and their associated eigenvectors. Finally, we present some numerical results to illustrate essential convergence behaviors of the proposed conjugate gradient-like methods.


Abstract: In this article, we analyze the expression of the tense to the past between the ɛtyɛɛ, ilaalɛ, ityɔɔ and iyaa dialects. This study is preceded by a comparative gait that requires an identification of different elements that expresses the tense to the past between the four dialects previously. To succeed to the waited results, three essential points let the object of this research to know: the identification of the scorers of tense to the past, the comparison of these scorers of tense and the distribution of the four dialects in groups and in subgroups according to the differences and resemblances. Keywords : Comparative, expression, tense, past, dialect, ɛtyɛɛ, ilaalɛ, ityɔɔ, iyaa.


This document describes the detail mechanism and protocol definition
of a light-weight signature based and end-to-end deployed method for
preventing the spoofing of source IPv6 address.


In this paper we present a method for automated evaluation of cocktail recipes. Based on three components, we created a measure to assess the quality of a cocktail: harmony, popularity and prole match. The harmony represents how dierent ingredients harmonize with each other. The popularity helps frequently used ingredients stabilizing the recipe. The prole match ensures that cocktail recipes are well formed.


Wheat production in our country has witnessed an appreciable augmentation since the advent of Mexican germplasm_ and its utilization in'wheat improvement programme. As situation stands today, a plateau has almost been arrived at, and a big breakthrough in the yield potential is not expected in the near future (Agrawal, 1986). A probable reason is the replacement of highly variable land races by genetically uniform pure-line varieties, which has alarmingly shrunken the pool of potential genes in the spring uheats. The picture, however , becomes somewhat encouraging when we perceive that bread wheat is blessed with another gene pool - winter wheats, •which are accessible sources of some desirable genes that can be used for the improvement of spring wheats.


The aim of this research is to determine the perceptions of classroom teachers about the concept of technology and the effect of the technological infrastructure of the schools on the education process. For this purpose, interviews were held with 88 primary teachers working in primary schools affiliated to Elazığ and Diyarbakir Provincial National Education in the 2021-2022 academic year. For this purpose, the study was based on the phenomenology pattern, which is included in qualitative studies. While forming the study group of the research, cluster sampling method was preferred in line with the purpose of the research. In this study, in which the phenomenology design, which is one of the qualitative research methods, was used, the study group was formed with the cluster sampling method. The data obtained from the study group were collected with a semi-structured interview form developed by the researcher. The obtained data were analyzed by subjecting them to content analysis. The findings were tabulated and brought to a high level of clarity. As a result of the analysis of the data obtained, it was concluded that the definitions of the majority of the primary teachers regarding the concept of technology were partially correct. It has been determined that 82 of the teachers who make a partially correct definition of technology actively use technology in daily life. According to the data obtained from the primary teachers, it was concluded that the technology used to support education in the education-teaching process is in a close relationship with education. In addition, according to the opinions of the classroom teachers in their opinions, technology contributes positively to the education process. To the question of how adequate the technology, which has a high impact on the education process, is in the infrastructure of the schools, nearly half of the primary teachers stated that the technological infrastructure of their schools is sufficient, while another majority stated that the technological infrastructure is at a medium level. According to the data obtained from the opinion's primary teachers, it has been concluded that the technological infrastructure of the schools is close to the desired level.


Many times the development of the era has an impact on the loss of traditions, genetic relationship systems, and customs. Because things that are traditional are always considered as obstacles to progress. This research reveals the deviations and changes in genetic relationship in the Batak Toba community in the perspective of modernity. Data collection in this study uses a literature review approach. Many data sources are taken from various books, journals, and other sources related to deviations or changes in the genetic relationship system of the Batak Toba community in the perspective of modernity. After that there will be an evaluation, content analysis and criticism of the sources until the latest findings are obtained. The conclusion of the research is that socio-cultural changes in the second and third generation of Batak Toba people overseas tend to bring destructive changes, so that they no longer know the origin and genetic relationship system. This has led to a culture and identity crisis that in the end they no longer know the customs of the na tolu, ancestors and their origins.


The increasing demand for energy storage devices has propelled research for developing efficient super-capacitors (SC) with long cycle life and ultrahigh energy density. Carbon-based materials are commonly used as electrode materials for SC. Herein, we report a new approach to improve the SC performance utilizing a Porous Carbon/Cerium Oxide nanoparticle (PC-CON) hybrid as electrode material synthesized via a low temperature hydrothermal method. Through this approach, charges can be stored not only via electrochemical double layer capacitance (EDLC) from PC but also through pseudo-capacitive effect from CeO_2 nanoparticles (NPs). The electrode-electrolyte interaction due to the electrochemical properties of the electrolyte provides an enhanced voltage window for the SC. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) measurements were used for the characterization of this PC/CeO_2 hybrid material system. The testing results have shown that a maximum of 500% higher specific capacitance could be obtained using PC/CeO_2 instead of using PC only.


BACKGROUND
Reproductive morbidity has been a less studied area in developing countries. Prevalence of reproductive morbidity and health seeking behavior pertaining to it is little known. To reveal the magnitude, this study was carried out in a village of Kathmandu district. The objective of the study was to find out prevalence of reproductive morbidity and service utilized for them.

METHODS
A random cross-sectional study was carried out among 200 women of reproductive age years in a village using household survey and structured questionnaire.

RESULTS
The study revealed that 72 percent (144) women of reproductive age years have experienced reproductive problem. Gynecological problems contributed for 81 (40%) women and obstetric problems for about 51% of the married women (48 out of 94). Service seeking was found to be very low for gynecological morbidity.

CONCLUSIONS
Reproductive morbidity was found to be very high in the community. The prevalence of obstetric morbidity was almost in half the study population, whereas gynaecological morbidity was about forty percent among the women of reproductive age group. However, seeking care for reproductive morbidity was low which requires more attention.


Albertini's brief descriptions of Garnell's and Gerz's photo and text based works focus on the temporal and spatial limitations of language and image. Includes short texts by both artists.


Pediatricians can play a role in promoting family literacy. Boston City Hospital has developed a model program that integrates family literacy into pediatric primary care, and has designed a program of research to evaluate its effects. The program has three components. In the waiting room, volunteers model for parents how to listen, question, discuss, and read books with children. Secondly, in the examination room, the pediatrician provides guidance about books by implicitly showing parents the principles of dialogic reading. Finally, at each visit, beginning at six months, the pediatrician gives the parent a developmentally and culturally appropriate book for the child to take home. A study of the program found that parents who had received guidance in books reported that looking at books was one of their child's three favorite activities. Preliminary results from the second study found that parents participating in this program employed a variety of book-sharing strategies and showed widely variable interaction styles when reading to their children. These studies indicate that pediatricians can effectively intervene in support of book use and literacy development. (MM) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** Pediatric Interventions to Promote Picture Book Use Robert Needlman, M.D. Barry Zuckerman, M.D. Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics Boston City Hospital Department of Pediatrics Boston University School of Medicine U.B DEPARTMENT Of EDUCATION Office al Educations! Rmarch and improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) spills document nas been ieproduced as eceived from tne pareon or organization originating a Minor cnanges hive been m.00 10 Improve reproduction quality Points of view or opiniona stated in his doctz mend do not necessenty represent official OERIpoSollOrlorpaCY Pediatricians can play a role in promoting family literacy. By helping parents to introduce their children to picture books at an early age, pediatricians, nurse practitioners, and family practitioners can foster positive relationships with books. This may be especially true for low-income children who disproportionately struggle -and fail -at elementary school reading. Three factors give pediatricians a special opportunity to influence the patterns of family book use: The first is Access: young children and their parents visit the doctor frequently for immunizations, "well-child" care, and minor illnesses; they may have much less contact with other early-childhood professionals. The second factor is the Doctor-Parent Relationship: parents and pediatricians come to know each other -and hopefully to trust each other -as they collaborate on behalf of the child's wellbeing. Because they meet with parents one-on-one, pediatricians can adapt their guidance to each family's particular stresses and strengths. The third factor is Time: although the "well-child" visit is typically short, parents and children often sit for long periods in waiting rooms, where they are a captive audience. At Boston City Hospital, we have developed a model program that integrates family literacy into pediatric primary care, and a program of research designed to evaluate its effects. These will be the topics of the rest of my talk. The model program has three components: (1) In the waiting room, volunteers look at books with children. They listen, question, discuss, and occasionally read, modeling for the parents. Component (2): In the examination room, the Pediatrician provides guidance about books. For example, while taking the history the 010 pediatrician might hand the infant a book and notice, out loud, how the child stills, looks, reaches, and begins to babble. The (X)pediatricians encourage the parents to share books with their children -not to "read to" them, and not to "teach" them to read C,1)-but to help them to grow up loving books. The parents are not trained in Dialogic Reading, per se, but the pediatricians include 7,..4 its principles in coaching parents. Component (3): At each visit, beginning at six months, the pediatrician gives the parent a book for the child to take home. The books, selected to be 0 developmentally and culturally appropriate, are purchased by the program at discount. By the age of six, most children will have taken home 12 or more books.


57 ABSTRACT A condensation nucleus counter has a humidifier zone, through which the sample air is guided, and an approxi mately perpendicularly arranged condensation zone, as well as an optical detection system with a light source and detector. The humidifying zone has a duct made of a permeable material and a hollow space surrounding this duct, the hollow space being used for receiving the process fluid. The condensation zone has a duct which, in turn, has a hollow space used for receiving the cool ant. The condensation zone is connected with the hu midifying zone by a connection piece.


The venue's main economic activity is agriculture Palmares, among which
include the production of corn, coffee, cocoa, passion fruit, cattle and pig
raising, among others. The Campus Palmares has thirty-five years of creation
and there is little that so far have made local and provincial authorities to
address their most important needs, hence it is obvious neglect and
backwardness which has undergone.
The research developed, envisioned that the 42.86% of respondents have
between 1 and 2 children per family. While the 31.32% reported 3 to 4 children.
The 76.92% of the population aged 0-12 years are enrolled in basic education.
The 44.44% of adolescents aged 12-18 and 57.45% between 25 and 65 said
they have the same level of education.
The 40.66% of the population have average monthly income between USD 201
and USD 300. For the 25.82% income range between USD 0 and USD 200.
The 18.68% with revenues ranging from USD 300 to USD 500. To a lesser
extent, the 5.49% obtained revenues exceeding USD 500.
According 53.85% of the respondents, the walls of their houses are made of
cement, while 29.67% said they were wooden. The 10.99% of the population
has bamboo walls. The 86.81% vital fluid is supplied by a well or shed, while
75.82% do not have phone service conventionally provided through public
networks.
The 96.15% eliminates their excreta through septic tank or cesspool. The
60.99% of respondents in their homes live in quarter 1 to 2 people, followed by
15.38% who said there are on average between 2 and 3 people.
According to 71.98% of the respondents in their homes all his children attend
educated in the various establishments. The 13.19% said that one of its
members do not attend school, while 10.99% said that 2 children not attending
an educational institution. Respondents expressed that households composed
xvi
of 1 member 66.67% have passed between 1st and 2nd year, while 84% have
passed between 8th and 10th grade, while 50% have between 1 and 4 the year
of approved college.


In recent years, the cross-flow hydrokinetic turbines (HKTs) have been researched intensively owing to their key characteristics such as independency of flow direction and simple design. The Savonius turbine, being a drag-based device is known to have good starting performance. On the other hand, the lift-based Darrieus turbine, in several studies, has demonstrated reasonable efficiency over a wide range of flow velocities. To capitalize on the respective advantages, both the devices can be integrated together on the same axis thus forming a combined/hybrid turbine. In this paper, the authors have collected and analyzed published studies that investigate the performance of such hybrid Savonius-Darrieus designs with respect to hydrokinetic applications. Hardly a review study exists hitherto which solely discusses the studies for hybrid turbine that have been conducted using water as the operating fluid. Therefore, the primary aim of this paper is to establish a distinct research background for the hybrid turbine exclusively in terms of hydrokinetic applications. In addition to summarizing the existing literature, the present study also highlights the key gaps that will further enable the concerned researchers to explore the uninvestigated aspects within the domain of hybrid HKTs.


1. Introduction and background 2. Foundations 3. Algebraic properties 4. Topological properties 5. Riemann surfaces 6. Differentials on Riemann surfaces 7. Singular curves Appendices.


As a relatively mature technology, biomass molded fuel (BMF) is widely used in distributed and centralized heating in China and has received considerable government attention. Although many BFM incentive policies have been developed, decreased domestic traditional fuel prices in China have caused BMF to lose its economic viability and new policy recommendations are needed to stimulate this industry. The present study built a regionalized net present value (NPV) model based on real production process simulation to test the impacts of each policy factor. The calculations showed that BMF production costs vary remarkably between regions, with the cost of agricultural briquette fuel (ABF) ranging from 86 US dollar per metric ton (USD/t) to 110 (USD/t), while that of woody pellet fuel (WPF) varies from 122 USD/t to 154 USD/t. The largest part of BMF's cost composition is feedstock, which accounts for up 50%–60% of the total; accordingly a feedstock subsidy is the most effective policy factor, but in consideration of policy implementation, it would be better to use a production subsidy. For ABF, the optimal product subsidy varies from 26 USD/t to 57 USD/t among different regions of China, while for WPF, the range is 36 USD/t to 75 USD/t. Based on the data, a regional BMF development strategy is also proposed in this study.


Method and apparatus for minimizing energy required to inject reactant such as coal-oil slurry into a reaction vessel, using high pressure effluent from the latter to displace the reactant from a containment vessel into the reaction vessel with assistance of low pressure pump. Effluent is degassed in the containment vessel, and a heel of the degassed effluent is maintained between incoming effluent and reactant in the containment vessel.


The traffic flow at the roundabout crossing with the inner roundabout lane and the outer roundabout lane is described by a cellular automaton traffic flow model with open boundary condition. Simulation results show that the boundary condition and bottlenecks affect the traffic flow at the roundabout crossing. The enter probability α and the out probability β can change the systemic flux in a certain range. Three phases of the system are differentiated by the relationship between the systemic flux and the enter probability α ,the out probability β . The systemic phase diagram is also studied. The research can provide a reference for the realistic traffic control.


The main finding of the large retrospective cohort study by Marcellin et al. (BJOG xxxx) is the high prevalence of ileocoecal endometriosis (ICE) of 25.6%. In previous surgical series, the reported prevalence of ICE is lower, with rates up to 10.2%. By contrast, the study's interesting finding that ICE is associated with severe deep endometriosis and higher ASRM stages is in line with prior reports indicating that ICE is a marker of advanced disease. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


questionable. Unfortunately his approach reproduces the same Eurocentric prejudices of his predecessors, for example Najm, Daghir and J. Landau. Because of the partiality of this approach the merit of Sadgrove's erudition turns out to be of a fragmentary quality. In comparison to the European theatre in Egypt to which he devotes sixty-one pages, he finds the traditional Arab drama only worthy of sixteen pages. This is not only due to his academic ambition of filling the gaps left by other historians with regard to theatre performances in the last century, but to the normative approach he shares with his predecessors, an approach which regards Arab folk and recreational drama as 'immature' when compared to the introduced forms of bourgeois European theatre.


Abstract This paper explores the political economy of three significant policy decisions of the Congress–United Progressive Alliance government between November 2005 and February 2006. These decisions improved the regulatory incentives for the smaller and efficient firms in the Indian GSM industry, which were heavily dependent on foreign investment for their expansion. India's telecommunications sector became more attractive to foreign investors as a result of these regulatory changes. This was a notable departure from the past when government policy had favoured large domestic investors using CDMA technology who were not dependent on foreign capital. A globalisation friendly policy change occurred after a Centre-Left United Progressive Alliance coalition came to power. The paper argues that these decisions, which promoted both competition and foreign investment, occurred due to the increased sensitivity of the Department of Telecommunications towards the needs of the relatively smaller GSM service providers, driven by considerations of efficiency. They were not driven by a crisis of private investment, foreign pressure, or stealth. The shift occurred in normal times when the Department of Telecommunications under a persistent ministerial stewardship took on a regulator, which was less interested in engineering this shift. This globalisation-friendly strategy depended to a large extent on the particular industrial sub-sector that the ruling party or coalition supported for spreading telecommunications in India.


A study was made of the effect of S, 2-aminoethylisothiuronium bromide hydrobromide (AET) on the changes in sodium and potassium concentrations in the walls and contents of the gastrointestinal tracts of mice exposed to 1500 r. Mice were given AET and then irradiated. At intervals thereafter, portions of the gastrointestinal tract and its contents were analyzed for sodium and potassiura in a flame spectrophotometer. In mice given AET before exposure to 1500 r, the following radiation-induced abnormalities were completely or partially corrected: decrease in potassium and increase in sodium in the wall of the small intestine; decrease in potassium in the colon wall; and increase in sodium and potassium in the contents of the stomach, small intestine and colon. Extracts from the walls of the small intestines of AET-treated or nontreated, irradiated mice were analyzed chemically for esterase activity. In AET-treated, irradiated mice, complete recovery of esterase activity was observed by day 7 after 900 r; and partial recovery occurred after 1500 r. Since AET reduces radiation damage and thereby allows recovery, the beneficongestion; in irradiated (400 r) mice, it was slightly shrunk, and considerably shrurk after combined irradiation. It was concluded that the effect of internal (topical) irradiation onmore » tumor cells and on blood vessels was considerably increased by combination with external (systemic) irradiation or vice versa. (auth)« less


The structures and association energies of the complexes of NH3, H2O, and HF with acetylene have been determined using Hartree–Fock and Mo/ller–Plesset theories. HF is found to act as a proton donor to acetylene, while H2O and NH3 act as proton acceptors.


Abstract The 4-dimensional tensor calculus is used to derive the retarded fields of an accelerated electric dipole of constant moment. Following the analogous case of the accelerated charge, it is shown that the result can be expressed concisely in terms of ordinary three-vectors. The radiation field is discussed for important cases including that of the slowly moving dipole. Cases are cited to exhibit the existence of a forward beam of radiation for uniform circular motion.


Aiming at practical situation of the analysis of defects in the nodular iron casting,main influence factors corresponding the five common typical defects of nodular iron casting are summarized.The neural network model for the diagnosis of nodular iron casting defects is set up by means of the method of neural network based on the technological parameters of production process.An applied software is developed basing on Power Builder 6 0.It can forecast emergent defects basing on production technological situation,put forward preventive methods and improve the finished product rate of the castings.Meanwhile,It also providers relevant method for predicting defects of other castings.


The present invention is a system, apparatus, and method for a ''Priority'' field that is included in the information transmitted by an Access Point (AP) (801i) about its neighbor APs (801i) and the network service providers (SPs) that it supports. A ''Priority'' field (1O3i-6 154i.2 203.i.2 233 266) is included in at least one of a Neighbor Report element (100), an AP Channel Report element (150), and a service provider's information element (200 230 260). The service provider priority field (203.i.2 233 266) is contained in any protocol frame transmitted by the AP (801i) that contains information about one or more service providers that it supports. The ''Priority'' field (103i.6 154-i.2 203.i.2 233 266) contains a numeric value or a symbolic indicating a recommendation from the AP (801i) concerning which AP/APs and service provider(s) SP/SPs for a STA (802j) to scan first or access in an eventual roaming/accessing process. For roaming/accessing purposes, more than one neighboring AP (801i) can have the same priority value and not all the APs (801i) that are neighbors or support SPs necessarily have the same priority value.


A p-v-T device of plunger type was used to investigate about the specific volume of solid and molten liquid crystalline polymers (LCPs), composites (LCP-GF) containing glass fibers (GF) as a function of pressure (up to 153MPa) and temperature (50-350°C). In this study, we have been discussed the temperature dependence and the effects of GF content on the compressibility and the using author's equation for the p-v-T properties of LCP determined by isothermal testing method.The compressibility-temperature relationships of LCP are characterized by a parabolic cuves of below convex, and it is minimum when the specimen temperature is about 120 and 150°C. The compressibility at 150°C of the LCP composites (HBG-140) filled with 40wt% of glass fibers are about 26% smaller than that unfilled LCPs. Consequently, their coefficients of cubical expansion are identified to be significantly affected by containing with GF. The specific volumes of solid and liquid LCP calculated by the empirical equation were evidenced to agree with measured values to within 0.7 to 0.9%.


ACM/ICPC are intellectual contests,which involve students'intelligence and theoretical knowledge,and it is unique for the application of computer thinking to solve practical problems.ACM/ICPC,as carrier of contests,play important role in cultivating students'ability in autonomous learning,team cooperation,practice and rigorously handling matters.


The article first presents and analyses the printed catalog of books of the personal library of Lieutenant General A.N. Kuropatkin, published during the period when he was the chief and commander of the troops of the Trans-Caspian Territory, the head of the Trans-Caspian Military Railway (1890–1897). The book collection of A.N. Kuropatkin was not preserved as a single whole, the catalog of his library brought into scientific circulation allows you to reconstruct its fund in the indicated years. The printed works of A.N. Kuropatkin himself and included in his library are listed.


From experience of teaching students with deafness or hearing impairments, we know that they both like music-related activities and want to listen to music by themselves. The individual preferences for listening among our students are however not directly related to their hearing acuity as mea-sured by audiograms, nor can their enthusiasm for music-related activities be explained from hearing acuity alone. In order to support listening, to help improving hearing abilities, and to better their understanding and enjoyment of music, we have tested a previously developed music game for a set time period of four weeks as a training facility. To evaluate the training, a hearing capability assessment test was employed. In this paper, we describe our preliminary training trial and the current problems of music training for deaf and hard of hearing people.


The functional genomics in drug discovery processes is usually recognized as the step to characterize the function of genes identified by sequencing human genome. The functional genomics, however, may have broader roles in the science at post-genome sequencing era. I will discuss my personal view on the potential roles of functional genomics in this chapter.


Abstract : Current Combat Swimmer missions involve multiple depth dives using air where long periods of time are spent at depths 30 FSW and shallower. Current dive procedure requires using the deepest depth for the total dive time unless at least 10 min intervals are taken at 1 ATA in which case repetitive dive procedures may be used. Also, current repetitive dive procedures only addresses times up to 350 min. This report first reviews the origin of the current Air Repetitive Diving Procedures and examines in detail how the No-Decompression Repetitive Group Designations, the Residual Nitrogen Timetable, and the Surface Interval Credit Table were calculated. In addition, several errors and inconsistencies in these tables are pointed out and discussed. Then, a procedure is developed based on using Repetitive Air Diving techniques for doing multiple level dives where no surface interval is taken. Additions and/or changes in current repetitive diving procedure necessary to accomplish this include extension of the Residual Nitrogen Timetable to a depth of 30 FSW and extension of repetitive group designation at 30 FSW from Group L to Group 0. This Combat Swimmer Multi-level Dive Procedure (CSMD Procedure) involves dividing the dive up into alternating intervals 30 FSW and shallower and deeper than 30 FSW. For each interval a repetitive group is calculated and used to find a residual nitrogen time for the next interval.


Using sensitized Tb(3+) luminescence spectroscopy as a tool, binding of 14 lanthanides to a lanthanide-dependent DNAzyme is studied, where the binding affinity is symmetric across the series and the tightest binding occurs with Nd(3+) and Ho(3+). This trend does not correlate with DNAzyme activity, suggesting that metal binding may not be the rate-limiting step of the DNAzyme catalysis.


Objective: To explore the changes of cesarean section rate in Xingtai People's Hospital from 2015 to 2019 using Robson Ten Group Classification System and analyze the related factors. Methods: A total of 12064 parturients who gave birth in Xingtai People's Hospital from January 2015 to December 2019 were divided into ten groups using Robson Ten Group Classification System, and the changes of cesarean section rate in each group were analyzed. Results: The age of parturients and proportion of multiparae increased yearly in recent five years, and the cesarean section rate decreased from 66.36% to 47.89% (P<0.001). Among the groups of parturients in recent five years, the proportions of parturients who had a singleton full-term pregnancy with cephalic presentation, who had a full-term pregnancy with scarred uterus and cephalic presentation, who had a singleton pregnancy with breech presentation, who had a multifetal pregnancy and who had a singleton premature pregnancy with cephalic presentation were increasing, but the proportions of parturients who had a singleton full-term pregnancy with cesarean section and cephalic presentation were decreasing (P<0.05). Moreover, the cesarean section rate of parturients who had a singleton full-term pregnancy with cephalic presentation, who had a singleton full-term pregnancy with cesarean section and cephalic presentation and who had a singleton premature pregnancy with cephalic presentation were decreasing in recent five years (P<0.05). Conclusion: The cesarean section rate in Xingtai People's Hospital showed a decreasing trend. The analysis of cesarean section rate and indication using Robson Ten Group Classification System improved the comparability of monitoring data.


The Greenwood gas field of Morton County, Kans., Baca County, Colo., and Texas County, Okla., is on the W. flank of the Hugoton embayment of the Anadarko Basin where porous Upper Pennsylvanian limestone beds grade westward to impermeable limestone and clastic rocks, creating a major stratigraphic trap for gas. The Greenwood gas field is on a monoclinal feature north of the Cimarron uplift. The shallow-water environment of deposition resulted in optimum conditions for the development of porosity and permeability in the limestone reservoir beds. The field was discovered in Oct. 1952 after 7 tests through the Virgil gas zones had failed to find this major shallow accumulation. As of the end of 1963, 275 gas wells had been drilled, proving an area of about 214,000 acres and recoverable gas reserves of about one trillion cu ft.


The present invention, low molecular weight products, and Diels - their use as reversible or permanent low temperature crosslinking agent in the Alder reaction.


in the last first three parts is very thorough. She shows convincingly that the wachu maintains a coherent political presence in the village, especially on ex-haciendas, and acts to solve many village problems (e.g., relationships with other villages, the Church, and municipal authorities). The weakest part of her discussion is about ayllu and its relationship with wachu. Thus, she mentions very briefly the importance of ayllu in Bolivia, without going into specifics of how the differences.


The vibration of the accelerator rails under the action of electromagnetic forces is considered. The armature and with it the right boundary of electromagnetic forces application moves along the barrel bore from the breach to muzzle. The rail accelerator is simply considered as a Bernoulli-Euler beam of finite length, lying on a viscoelastic foundation, with cantilever support from the side of the accelerator breech. The rail vibration is described by a differential equation in partial derivatives of the fourth order in coordinate and the second order in time. Using the eigenmode expansion method an analytical solution of the equation is obtained taking into account the change in the armature speed along the length of the barrel. Taking into account the peculiarities of the expression for natural vibration modes for this problem made it possible to simplify the calculations and take into account appropriate number of harmonics along the entire trajectory of the armature, which is difficult in the traditional application of the method, and thereby increase the accuracy of predicting the amplitude and nature of rail vibrations during the shot. The proposed approach allows testing and debugging numerical methods for solving complex problems, as well as more correctly designing the barrel of a rail accelerator.


Authors propose scripts of lessons pointed of formation of problem-solving mind of students. As one of the most important types of intellectual technologies of 21 century. They were created using the metasubject «Problem». Cooperative work of students over the problematical themes will help in formation of young generation as society and in realizing their place in history of their country. One of necessary condition of this technology is the work with original texts, which are enclosed to the scenarios.


This study aimed to describe the President's speech text as a critical discourse analysis taken on the Indonesian Republic Secretariat Cabinet website, conveyed by Ir. Joko Widodo as the 7th president of the Republic of Indonesia. The methodology used by the researchers was a descriptive qualitative method. This textual content analysis is base on Van Dijk's design by which the research unit section is divide into three parts: macro-structure, supra structure and microstructure. The study revealed that the textual content was analyzed thematically or the discourse's subject in the macro-structure. The theme of Jokowi's speech was about Indonesia's excellence. It can be seen clearly from almost all the paragraphs in the statement stating one general subject, namely, about Indonesia's superiority. Then, for the supra-structure, Jokowi's speech text is divided into three main elements: opening, content, and closing, which consisted of two opening paragraphs, eighteen content paragraphs, and two closing paragraphs. The last was microstructure. It was analyzed in a semantic way, which refers to the text's social meaning and the language modes used in the text. Semantically, the text of Jokowi's speech was analyzed from its setting, detail, intention, and presupposition. From Jokowi's information, this expression shows that the speech's overall form contained all the speeches delivered by him; opening, filling, and closing. What has become very clear to set Jokowi apart from many other international public figures is that he uses simple language. The things that Jokowi has brought can be an excellent lesson for people when speaking in front of the audience.
Keywords: Critical Discourse Analysis, Jokowi's Speech Text, Van Dijk's Design


Purpose. To identify the role and place of assessment in the system of strategic planning of socio-economic development of municipalities. Methods. The author analyzes the theoretical approaches to the definition of "assessment". Based on the analysis of theoretical approaches the author reveals peculiarities of the assessment system in the municipal strategic planning. Results. Based on the analysis of the peculiarities and approaches to the assessment of the system of municipal strategic planning, revealed principles and evaluation stages, with regard to the system of strategic planning of socio-economic development of municipalities. Scientific novelty. The article gives the author's interpretation of the concept «assessment», in relation to strategic planning system. On the basis of existing legal acts of federal assessment standards, guidelines for the development of socio-economic development programs, studies of Russian and foreign authors suggested the sequence of assessment steps with regard to the system of strategic planning of socio-economic development of municipalities.


Theory suggests that the informativeness of price at the time of an earnings announcement increases with the number of informed traders who possess superior information to process news from firm disclosures (Kyle 1985; Admati and Pfleiderer 1988; Kim and Verrecchia 1994). In this paper, we investigate how informed traders' activities during an earnings announcement affect the stock price and trading volume reactions to the earnings announcement. We use the number of analyst forecasts issued on days 0 and 1 with respect to the quarterly earnings announcement as a proxy for informed traders' activities. Our empirical results show that earnings response coefficients are increasing in the number of announcement period analyst forecasts. We also find the trading volume reaction to stock price changes increases monotonically with the number of announcement forecasts, after controlling for absolute stock price change, firm size, and prior stock return volatility. These results are consistent with predictions by Kim and Verrecchia (1994) that additional information created by informed traders makes stock price more informative.


In this paper, we compare the effect of two modes of irrigation on water transport through an unsaturated porous medium. The two modes studied are (1) periodic and (2) continuous irrigation. The former process consists of two stages, i.e., imbibition and drainage. The entire volume of water is assumed to be added during the imbibition stage at a constant rate. The time during which imbibition occurs is taken as a fraction of the total time period. In the drainage stage, no fresh water is added and the water inside the soil redistributes itself and drains from the soil. In the continuous mode, water is added at a constant rate during the whole time period. To ensure a fair comparison, the rate of water addition in the continuous mode is kept the same as the average rate of water addition over a time period in the periodic mode that includes the drainage and imbibition steps. The recharge is calculated as the volume of water drained from the bottom of the soil during a time period. The transport of water in the unsaturated zone is studied in the presence of water uptake by plant roots. The two modes of operation were simulated using a mass conservative algorithm based on a modification of Picard's iterative scheme. Predictions in the periodic mode were performed using direct simulation and the results obtained were compared with an algorithm based on a shooting method. The performances of these two modes have been evaluated by calculating the recharge amount. When the sink term due to the plant roots was included, it was found that the recharge is significantly higher for the case of periodic operation. A physical explanation for the results obtained is proposed. The effect of hysteresis in the water retention curves was simulated using an empirical method. We have found that the total recharge amount in the periodic operation calculated using a mean nonhysteretic curve is very close to that obtained when we include the effect of hysteresis.


Church activity, particularly church attendance, has been found by researchers to vary significantly with social class; individuals of the middle status levels tend to be more active in the church than those of lower status levels. Although several attempts have been made to test this essay demonstrate that over-all associational participation influences the relationship between class and church activity to a significant degree, so much so that when this general factor is controlled the original correlation between these variables is appreciably weakened. Several implications of this finding are discussed.


Abstract The following new species and subspecies of Dioryctria Zeller are described: D. pentictonella, related to D. baumhoferi Heinrich, from buds of young Pinns ponderosa in the interior region of British Columbia; D. pentictonella vancouverella from buds of P. contorta and of several introduced species of Pinus in coastal British Columbia; D. okanaganella, related to D. ponderosae Dyar, from old pitch nodules and blister rust on Pinus ponderosa in the interior of British Columbia and in Washington.


Themain objectivesof this research are: to determine the predisposing factors of cystocele in women who were medically treated at Isidro Ayora Regional Hospital in 2014. To assess which age group is more predisposed to cystocele. To determinewhat degree of cystocele is more frequent in patients treated at the outpatient department of the Isidro AyoraRegional Hospital. To establish the most frequent predisposing factor in women who are treated at the outpatient department of the Isidro AyoraRegional Hospital. The data of the clinical records of patientswho were diagnosed with Cystocele at the outpatient department of gynecology of the aforementioned Hospital in the city of Loja (Ecuador), and who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, were collected duringthe period January to June 2014. The study was descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional, which included 66 patients agedbetween 20 to 65 years. Data was processed in a database created in Excel, using tables for the analysis. Predisposing factors and the degree of cystocele were analyzed. One of the main discoveries was that the frequency of predisposing factors among the studiedpopulation presented the following: vaginal delivery91%; moderate physical activity 73%; obesity 47%; multiparous mothers 47%; patients aged between 51 to 65 years41%; menopause 38%, family history 24%; surgical history 17%; constipation 14%; chronic cough 5% and grade II cystocele 52%.
KEYWORDS: gynecology, Cystocele, predisposing factors.


Medical Image Processing is one of the most challenging and emerging topics in today's research field. Processing of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is one of the major fields in this area. MRI consists of RF-Coils which helps us to receive signals from different body parts (1). These coils are capable of receiving the signals to the frequency they are tuned to. The frequency will be set on analyzing the test process of RF coils which was preferred earlier, and now changing it to the improved process may lead to design changes or change in the method of testing process. In recent years, multispectral MRI has emerged as an alternative to Ultrasound (US) image modality for clear identification of cancer in colon, rectal, Breast, Prostate, Liver etc.,. In order to analyze a disease, Physicians consider MR imaging modality as the most efficient one for identification of cancer present in various organs. Therefore, analysis on MR imaging is required for efficient disease diagnosis. Hence extraction of colorectal cancer cells from patient's MRI scan image of the colon and rectal organs and enhancement of the output image to get the clear image of the cancer cells is required. This proposed method incorporates some tuning/matching, oscillation and sensitivity which are the basic steps in testing process of RF-Coils. Noise removal functions, segmentation and morphological function are considered to be the basic concepts of Image Processing. Image enhancement technology follows the hardware description language (Verilog). The use of HDL to provide signal processing results is a new technique replacing the classical simulations and offering a direct connection to hardware VLSI implementations. Detection and extraction of cancer cells from MRI colorectal image can be done by using the MATLAB software, and enhancement is done using Hardware description language, Verilog.


In Kosovo, more than anywhere else in Europe, the Rule of Law is in the making. As one of the world's youngest democracies, a Kosovo-specific concept of the Rule of Law is still at the beginning to take shape. Similar to other post-conflict settings, a gap remains between the Rule of Law de jure and the Rule of Law in praxi.The formalistic idea of the Rule of Law on paper is not yet what it is in reality.Since declaring independence in February 2008, Kosovo has been growing as a state. However, currently only recognized by 71 states (November 2010), the country lingers in a legal and political limbo. Recently in July 2010, the International Court of Justice ruled on the legality of Kosovo's secession. Stabilized by a NATO-led international peacekeeping force (KFOR) and an international EU law mission (EULEX), the republic is struggling with common matters of governance in transition: difficulties to access justice, corruption, parallel legal systems, and a slow judiciary.This paper captures the evolution of the Rule of Law in Kosovo and defines its current status. Moreover, the objective is to contribute to a better understanding of the "Rule of Law" in general, particularly in regard to specific normative implications in various legal systems; here, the focus is on the Balkans.


Abstract : Previous work on non-uniform shock propagation in monatomic conducting gases is generalized to an arbitrary value of the adiabatic index. Specifically, the perturbation generated when an initially uniform hydromagnetic shock of arbitrary strength impinges on an area variation is determined, the problem being linearized on the basis of small area variations. When the shock encounters the area change, the shock strength is altered, and the subsequent flow is non-isentropic. There are two distinct contributions to the perturbation, namely, a permanent perturbation due to the area change and a transient reflected disturbance, and expressions for these are obtained. A first order relation between area change and shock strength is obtained and integrated numerically to give an area-shock strength relationship valid for channels with finite continuous area variation. Particular area distributions are utilized to discuss converging cylindrical and spherical hydromagnetic shocks. The present theory includes results on non-uniform gas dynamic shock propagation as a special case.


The situational appropriateness is an important dimension of products.Product semantic forms a symbol of the environment.Design makes emotional resonance among science and technology and people.The significance of context is embodied through emotion.


Both CRS(Controlled Random Search)algorithm and modified CRS algorithm are not convergent,and a modified global optimization algorithm based on CRS2 is proposed.In this algorithm,direct search is replaced by random search in producing new test point.The global convergence property is analyzed for the modified algorithm.We show that the modified algorithm converges to global optimal solution with probablity one.


Floods are natural disasters caused mainly due to heavy or excessive rainfall. They induce massive economic losses in Bangladesh every year. Physically-based flood prediction models have been used over the years where simplified forms of physical laws are used to reduce calculations' complexity. It sometimes leads to oversimplification and inaccuracy in the prediction. Moreover, a physically-based model requires intensive monitoring datasets for calibration, accurate soil properties information, and a heavy computational facility, creating an impediment for quick, economical and precise short-term prediction. Researchers have tried different approaches like empirical data-driven models, especially machine learning-based models, to offer an alternative approach to the physically-based models but focused on developing only one machine learning (ML) technique at a time (i.e., ANN, MLP, etc.). There are many other techniques, algorithms, and models in machine learning (ML) technology that have the potential to be effective and efficient in flood forecasting. In this study, five different machine learning algorithms- exponent back propagation neural network (EBPNN), multilayer perceptron (MLP), support vector regression (SVR), DT Regression (DTR), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) were used to develop total 180 independent models based on a different combination of time lags for input data and lead time in forecast. Models were developed for Someshwari-Kangsa sub-watershed of Bangladesh's North Central hydrological region with 5772 km2 drainage area. It is also a data-scarce region with only three hydrological and hydro-meteorological stations for the whole sub-watershed. This region mostly suffers extreme meteorological events driven flooding. Therefore, satellite-based precipitation, temperature, relative humidity, wind speed data, and observed water level data from the Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB) were used as input and response variables.

For comparison, the accuracy of these models was evaluated using different statistical indices - coefficient of determination, mean square error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE), mean relative error (MRE), explained variance score and normalized centred root mean square error (NCRMSE). Developed models were ranked based on the coefficient of determination (R2) value. All the models performed well with R2 being greater than 0.85 in most cases. Further analysis of the model results showed that most of the models performed well for forecasting 24-hour lead time water level. Models developed using XGBoost algorithm outperformed other models in all metrics. Moreover, each of the algorithms' best-performed models was extended further up to 20 days lead time to generate forecasting horizon. Models demonstrated remarkable consistency in their performance with the coefficient of determination (R2) being greater than 0.70 at 20 days lead-time of forecasting horizon in most cases except the DTR-based model. For 10- and 5-days lead time of forecasting horizon, it was greater than 0.75 and 0.80 respectively, for all the model extended. This study concludes that the machine algorithm-based data-driven model can be a powerful tool for flood forecasting in data-scarce regions with excellent accuracy, quick building and running time, and economic feasibility.


A method of constructing and maintaining a grid map using ultrasonic sensors based on Dempster-Shafer evidence theory (D-S evidence theory) is proposed with respect to the problem of unstructured unknown environment exploration and mapping. Mobile robot moving in an environment explores with ultrasonic sensors; D-S evidence theory is used to fuse information; The problem that D-S evidence theory can't be applied to information fusion under certain circumstances and the matter that D-S evidence theory have counter-intuitive behaviors in some cases are discussed; An approximate process algorithm is advanced to avoid above problems; Finally, a two-dimensional grid map is built. Application result shows that this method is appropriate for unstructured unknown environment mapping.


Complex and constantly increasing tension in economic and social fields forces to engage in a deeper investigation of the problems of economic and social security. The authors analyse the concept of economic-social security, indicators, inner and external threats in the conditions of active integration and globalisation. The tendencies that are born in social realm constitute the biggest risk among internal threats. In terms of the free market, powers of huge potential emerge there, which, however cannot be employed successfully without proper governmental economic and social regulation. Nevertheless, this regulation does not automatically guarantee economic-social security. State strategy of economic-social security must be based on both further strengthening of a state's economic potential and ensuring of the minimal living standard for the poorest segments of the society. To fulfil the following tasks, the role of state in solving the main social and economic problems must be increased and activities of city and village communities have to be activated. INTRODUCTION. Currently, economic-social security problems are becoming more and more important and influence the most important political decisions. The majority of developed states have prepared national strategies of economic-social security. In conditions of accelerating integration and globalisation ensuring economic-social security is becoming one of the main functions of the government. The concept of economic-social security has been grounded in modern society and has become an integral part of national security. Economic-social security cannot be ignored when analysing problems of national security. The purpose of the research was to indicate the arising problems of the economic-social security and suggest the ways to deal with them. The following tasks were implemented to achieve the purpose [2]: • Defining the concept of economic-social security • Indicating the threats of the economic-social security • Setting the criteria and indicators for assessing economic-social security • Formulating aims and tasks of economic-social security. The object of research was to analyse Lithuanian economic and social situation in realms of integration and globalisation. Methods of investigation: problem analysis, comparative analysis, logical deduction, analytic and sociological methods.


We advocate a custom approach to VLSI signal processing using a Silicon Compiler. Through the Compiler. system designers with no previous VLSI experience may enjoy all the advantages of an integrated system implementation. At the same time, cost and timescales are dramatically lower than those conventionally associated with custom design. To illustrate these advantages we present case studies of some VLSI systems currently in development at Edinburgh.


In this overview, I discuss some of the open issues in Kaon physics. After briefly touching on lattice calculations of Kaon dynamics and tests of CPT, my main focus of attention is on epsilon prime over epsilon and on constraints on the CKM model. The impact of rare K- decays and of experiments with B-mesons for addressing the issue of CP-violation is also discussed. The importance of looking for signals of flavor-conserving CP violating phases is emphasized.


The construction and stress of ramp-bridge is different from other bridges.Seismic resistance conceptual design for bridges on interchange ramp is studied,some problems such as type selection and confor-mation of bridge and other problems deserving notice are discussed,which can be consulted by peers.


A walking, concentric-tube STM has been designed to interface with an F a . The outer tube, which stands upright on 3 spherical feet, supports the inner tube and serves as an inertial stepper, allowing the STM to move laterally relative to a sample. The ion beam can pass down through the center of the inner tube, which operates as a conventional tube scanner with the STM tip at its lower end. The STM walks distances of mm with pm-scale resolution, resolves the pyrolytic graphite lattice, and can image regions of up to 3.5 x 3.5 ym. Introduction The scanning tunneling microscope (STM) and the focused ion beam (FIB) are both versatile instruments. The FIB has found many uses as a tool for micr~fabrication.~ Its small beam diameter enables it to perform micron-scale modifications, and its microscopic capability can be used to locate features of interest. The STM is known primarily for its atomic resolution images of s ~ r f a c e s , ~ but it is also attracting increasing attention as a possible tool for nanofabrication.3 We have designed an STM to interface with a FIB in a system that will permit us to image regions ranging in size from mm2 to nm2, and to induce modifications at the pm and nm levels. STM AND NANOFABRICATION The ultimate goal of nanofabrication is to be able to arrange individual atoms as desired. Few tools can address a region of only nanometers in extent, let alone precipitate a controlled response within that region. Primary among the tools suggested for nanofabrication are lens-focused electron beams, which are routinely formed into subnanometer probes.4 The diameter of the beam is not a true measure of the area that is influenced, however, since energy is dissipated throughout a larger region (a manifestation of this is the "proximity effect" witnessed in electron-beam lithography). It is difficult to conceive how electrons with energies in the keV regime could be used to controllably influence the actions of an atom, or small cluster of atoms. The STM "beam" is focused by proximity; that is, the source is so close to the target that the electrons cannot diverge to any great degree during transit between the two. The most important attribute of proximity focusing is that the electrons can have much lower energies than those in available lens-focused beams of comparable diameter. Low particle energy is of critical concern when it is considered that many of the events that are of interest for nanofabrication (e.g. migration, bond breaking, chemical reactions) have activation energies of less than ten electron volts per atom.5 The STM is the only instrument that can presently provide a sub-nanometer beam of such lowenergy particles. Another method by which an STM might exert influence at the nanometer scale is by direct interatomic force. The atomic force microscope (AFM) has exhibited the ability to convert detected changes in the interaction forces between a sharp tip and a substrate into sub-nanometer resolution images.6 If the region of interaction is assumed to be comparable in size to the spatial resolution, then it should be possible to exert forces on nanometer-scale regions using the sharp tip of an STM. This direct-contact mode may prove to be useful for nanomanipulation, perhaps to push atoms around. The STM may be able to exert human influence upon a single atom? but before it becomes possible to arrange atoms at will, the practical problems involved in moving small particles from point A to point B must first be addressed. We plan to study the use of STM for nanomanipulation-to investigate the influence that the STM might exert over nanometer-scale atom clusters.


FIELD: measuring equipment. SUBSTANCE: method of adjusting errors in the measurement of technological parameter of the controlled chemical process comprises the following stages: identification of error component caused by factors of the stationary and dynamic state, determined by obtaining the sensor measurement in the system and identifying corresponding deviations in measurements; as well as identification of the error component caused by additional factors. In order to eliminate the corresponding errors, the measurement results are corrected. Technological process sensors are in data communication with the analyzer, and the analyzer is in data communication with the controller. The sensors receive unprocessed measurements of technological parameter, the analyzer adjusts sensor measurement errors, and the controller receives the adjusted measurement and, if the adjusted measurement is out of the predetermined allowed value range, controls the additive dosage for changing the measured value to a value within the allowed range. EFFECT: method allows to combine automated measurements and measurements carried out by the operator, and therefore allows to optimize the accuracy of adjustments. 11 cl, 6 dwg


ABSTRACT Current investigation aims to evaluate the mititoxic properties of turmeric crude extract (TCE) against Suidasia pontifica – a source of human allergens and major contributor of oral mite anaphylaxis (OMA) or pancake syndrome. Based on the response of S. pontifica, the estimated minimum effective concentration (MEC) of TCE to achieve complete mortality was 2.25–2.50 g/L. Twenty-three chemical components were identified in TCE based on GC-MS analysis. The four major compounds were as follows: aR-tumerone (50.63%), curlone (15.42%), α-curcumene (6.48%), and 3-octanol (5.88%). The TCE was relatively superior in terms of toxicity and volume concentration to control the population of S. pontifica. Further, it can be used as a complement or potential replacement to conventional synthetic acaricides on the market.


Mucormycosis is considered to be a rare notorious fungal infection mainly affecting diabetics with or without ketoacidosis & immunocompromised patients, with high mortality rate. Occurrence of Mucormycosis as an implication of Covid-19 has not yet been reported. We present a case of aggressive mucormycosis in a Post covid-19 type-2 diabetic patient and aim to illustrate the possible Covid-19 effects on body and a dire need for early diagnosis.


The considerable role of the military changes in the surface of sandy plains Caspian during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1943 is shown. Greatest destructive in sandy tracts, Bear knolls and share their lows undergone. Has created a new network of dirt roads and old were significantly deepened. To protect the city of Astrakhan were built two fortified line contours. During the war, sandy plain was covered with a dense network of craters from bombs and artillery shells. Most of these military forms were entered aeolian sands and did not survive to the present day. These materials suggest that almost all the plains of North-West Caspian experienced in one way or another anthropogenic transformation.


Condensation of pyridine-2-aldehyde or 2-acetylpyridine with aminoacetal in the presence of concentrated mineral acids gave 1,4-dihydro-1,4-di-(2′-pyridylmethylene)pyrazidi-inium salts (II; R = H) and 1,4-dihydro-1,4-di-(methyl-2′-pyridylmethylene) pyrazidi-inium salts (II; P = Me), respectively. Some properties and reactions of these salts are described.


ABSTRACT Identity, values, and emotional processes underlying desistance and persistence in the illicit sex trade have received little empirical attention. An analysis of qualitative interviews of 49 active pimps or drivers managing sex workers showed that persisting pimps and those leading double lives assigned different meanings to their participation in legitimate employment. Persisters valued legitimate work as a strategy to evade arrest, whereas pimps with "double lives" emphasized legitimate work as providing long-term financial security and enhanced social identity. Analysis yielded contextualized understanding of their self-narratives (e.g.) that underlie reflections upon who they are and who they want to become, and the moral contemplations and emotional processes involved in stigma management.


Shale ceramsite concrete is a kind of light weight aggregate concrete. In this paper shale ceramsite concrete compressive strength properties are studied by experimental preparation of different water cement ratio, and made an analysis of compressive strength comparatively among 7 days, 28 days, 56 days. The result shows that the rules of compressive strength of shale ceramsite concrete are in line with the general law strength of concrete, and increases with the age increasing, decreases with water cement ratio increasing, but they are not entirely linear relationship.


The pancreas is a component of the digestive system with a relatively complicated embry-ogenesis. The pancreas is formed during embryonic weeks 6(cid:150)7 from two buds. It is a digestive system gland with a typical configuration of excretory ducts. Pancreatic juice is secreted into the ducts through two orifices in the duodenal wall. The two pancreatic ducts are the consequence of two embryonic buds.


The Electric-Powered Reconfigurable Rotor VTOL Concept (EPR2) is a novel type of VTOL aircraft that uses tethered airplanes flying collaboratively along a near circular flight path to lift a payload. The objective of this paper is to experimentally assess the vertical lifting capabilities of a single tethered fixed wing aircraft flying along a circular flight path anchored to the ground using a small-scale testing platform. Results show that the airplane has the ability to lift up to 4 times its emtry weight with off-the-shelf components along an unoptimized flight path. This new concept also requires considerably less power than other conventional VTOL aircraft to lift the same payload, reaching a payload-to-power ratio of 13 grams per Watt. The maximum lifting capability and efficiency are then evaluated using a numerical model of the system in a constrained nonlinear multi-objective optimization function. It is shown that the same airframe with minimal modifications could lift up to 8 times its empty weight at a payload-to-power ratio of 26 grams per Watt.


This paper indicates how the South African Iron and Steel Industrial Corporation Limited (Iscor), as a major consumer of raw materials, determines the tonnage and quality of essential raw materials required to satisfy an increasing demand for steel and how this led to the establishment of a coal mine with a highly sophisticated beneficiation plant in the Waterberg coalfield, near Ellisras in the Transvaal. The planning of the project, with specific reference to the limited reserves of metallurgical coal in South Africa, the quality and quantity ofthe coal to be produced, and the way in which the project was managed is discussed briefly.


Smoking tobacco may lead to seizures similar to those seen in chest pain based on coronary and aortic disease. The pain in "tobacco heart" is usually more intense and lasts longer than in real angina pectoris, and in most cases it is accompanied by only slight disturbances of cardiac function, or the latter are even completely absent.


This article highlights the socio-economic and sex discriminations inscribed in the implementation and access to public instruction under the Republic of Alexandre Pétion (1770–1818) and that of Jean-Pierre Boyer (1776–1850). It argues that, despite a patent will for equal educational opportunities, school remained accessible to a predominantly masculine elite group destined for Haiti's regeneration.