A simple method has been developed to estimate the changes of bond distances and bond angles produced by the centrifugal force arising from rotational motions of molecules. The method has been applied to the PCl3 molecule and the predicted effect found to be small but significant in comparison to the effect of vibrational motion. The theoretical results for PCl3 at 300° and 505°K are in good agreement with experimental results from gaseous electron diffraction.


Abstract : Clock two-hourly precipitation rate distributions can be derived from distributions of clock-hourly precipitation rate distribution by using negative exponential functions. The analytical conversions are provided for 16 climatic regimes in the continental United States and Alaska. The clock-hourly and two-hourly precipitation rate distributions are also compared with instantaneous distributions measured over horizontal paths. (Author)


The literature typically attributes the Allais Paradox to a violation of the Independence Axiom. We present experimental data showing that violations of the Reduction of Compound Lotteries Axiom are significantly more problematic, and our findings are robust to both choice and pricing tasks. We discuss the implications of our findings for various decision-analytic frameworks.


This study was aimed at identifying the general characteristics and different factors related to the commission of suicide, and the factors affecting the accomplishment of suicide between residents of Khanuworalaksaburi and Khlongkhlung districts in 2007. Secondary information on the patients was obtained from the report 506 DS in 2007. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test and logistic regression. The study included 110 patients, 12 were successful in committing suicide, equal to 10.6 percent of the total. The death rate of Khlongkhlung's victims was four-fold greater than Khanuworalasaburi's. Nearly all of the suidcides committed were Thai agriculturists, in the working-age group and married. The prevalence in females was four times higher than in males. For most of the subjects, it was their first attempt; of those who survived, they were reluctant to repeat the suicide attempt. Most of the victims had two or more precipitating factors: the most common was depression, physically chronic diseases and having suffered abuse; these were enabling factors but not significant. Most of the victims received service provision two or more times. The comparative study indicated that there was significance in the different modes of committing suicide, especially with regard to the use of insecticide, and physically chronic illness, particularly rheumatic diseases, as well as tobacco addiction. The types of services provision included making suggestions to their relatives, handout distribution, medication for depressive disorder, other supportive services such as referral for repeated suicide attempts. The risk factors and service provision were both significant factors in decreasing the success rate of those intending to commit suicide. Having suffered abuse was an important factor in raising the success rate. The authors suggest that the provision of good-quality and appropriate services would effectively decrease the success of attempts to commit suicide, while the screening for the precipitating factors and a change in abusive behavior would reduce the number of attempts.


A proposal for constructing a boundary wave‐vector filter is made. The wave‐vector filter consists of a flush‐mounted pressure transducer system. The elements and characteristics of the system are discussed. The manner in which the system can be employed to study the nature of the boundary pressure field in a turbulent boundary layer is discussed.


Social network usage is growing daily, making it impossible to manage the enormous amount of data being generated. The presence of abusive behavior and hate speech is a clearly harmful phenomenon that is evident on these networks. Due to its importance, recent studies have revealed a significant concern in this field. This review aims to provide insight into the tasks and procedures associated with the automatic detection and classification of texts containing hate speech. As the domain of hate speech is wide, an analysis of definitions is conducted and a comprehensive and unifying definition is proposed. This paper also investigates the latest datasets across languages used to train AI models. Recent studies show that feature selection plays a key role in detecting hate speech. In this research, we analyze which are the most utilized and impactful features from works done in this domain. While various classification algorithms have been used for hate speech detection, we investigate numerous research studies using multiple types of machine learning and deep learning models and present the most recent and relevant methods.


Soft error protection schemes are indispensable for high-density computing clusters and mission-important devices in radiation environments. To evaluate different fault protection schemes, system designers need an efficient approach to undertake fault injection campaigns during the design phase. In this paper, we propose an RTL-level soft error model and construct a hierarchical emulation-based fault injection system to achieve fast and accurate soft error rate estimations for the design and fault sensitive investigation of complex digital systems, in which the modifications to the device under test can be minimized with the best efforts. We build this new fault injection system on a Xilinx ZCU102 board. Experimental results show that the new system has achieved an up to 72.75×speedup compared with simulation-based fault injection systems and has only less than one clock cycle delay for fault injection, which is much faster than peer works based on dynamic partial reconfiguration technology.


Objective
To explore the effects of nursing process optimization on reducing accidental risks of Emergency Department infusion in children.

Methods
By convenient sampling, totally 220 children admitted in Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University between June and September 2018 were selected into the control group by convenient sampling, who received routine nursing process, while another 220 children admitted from October 2018 to January 2019 were selected into the observation group, who received optimized nursing process. The success rate of one-time puncture of intravenous infusion, the incidence of risk events during the infusion, waiting time for infusion, consultation time, puncture time, needle extraction time, the rate of nursing satisfaction and the cases of nursing complaints and incidents of nurse-patient disputes between the two groups were compared.

Results
The one-time success rate of puncture among the children in the observation group was higher than that in the control group; the incidence of risk events during infusion was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) . The waiting time, admission time, puncture time, and needle extraction time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) . The rate of nursing satisfaction and the parents of the children in the observation group was higher than that in the control group; the cases of medical tangles and complaints about nursing work were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) .

Conclusions
Optimizing the nursing process can effectively reduce the accidental risks of emergency infusion in children, improve the one-time success rate of puncture, reduce the pain of children, improve the experience of seeking medical service, ensure the safety of children, and increase parents' satisfaction with the medical service industry, thus creating a positive image of the hospital.

Key words:
Child; Emergency service, hospital; Nursing process; Infusion; Accident


This Paper investigates the reformed theology of life and creation theology for the Gospel. Theology is an important topic in the life because human is creature created by God in His image. The reformed theology introducing in this paper is not just an academic discipline, but the discipline lived out by life. The letter kills, but the Spirit gives life. God the Father raised Jesus Christ from the dead. Likewise, God gives life to the dead and He is God of the living. God has given us eternal life, and this life is in his Son, Jesus Christ the bread of life. He is the living bread that came down from heaven. The reformed theology of life and creation theology for the Gospel is the living bread.


The increase in the consumption of dietary supplements has been growing and the absence of pre-clinical studies that demonstrate the impact of the consequences of their chronic consumption is the biggest gap. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of supplements of chronic use of Herbalife® products (Shake and Tea). For this, the caffeine in the products was first quantified. Mice were separated into four groups: Control, Tea, Shake and Shake + Tea and treated for 28 days by gavage. The weight of the animals, the open field test, biochemical tests, morphometric analysis and the oxidative stress of the kidney and liver were evaluated. Our results showed the detection of caffeine in the Shake a 10-fold higher dose in tea samples. Animals exposed to the "Shake+Tea" association show changes in their behavior pattern. In addition, we observed an AST increase (+175%) in Shake + Tea for the control group, as well as a ~10-fold increase in AOPP in kidney tissue for all groups. Histopathological of liver and kidney and biochemical analysis tissue showed no changes in the experimental groups. Our results indicate that the chronic use of Herbalife® products contributes to changes in the pattern of motor behavior, increased AST and protein oxidation in renal tissue. In this sense, it is suggested that more experimental studies are needed to support the safety of these products that are widely consumed by the general population.


Nowadays HCV-related chronic hepatitis represents one of the main challenge for infectious diseases for many reasons: the dimension of the phenomenon, as millions of patients are afflicted with this pathology in the world, the dra- matic consequences on the quality of their life, the economic and sanitary efforts sustained by the society, but also the stimulating results in therapeutic approach due to the introduction of interferons in monotherapy first and association ther- apy (IFN plus ribavirin) later in modern protocols. The results obtained with these therapies are very encouraging even if medical doctors and patients know very well that this therapy is related to some side effects that grow dramatically in number with the progression of scientific knowledge. The Authors review the literature on the relationship among HCV, IFN therapy and diabetes to understand better damages and benefits of this long debated matter and possibly add their contribution to clinical and therapeutic strategies.


The performance of K-means clustering algorithm strongly depends on the initial parameters. Based on the segmenting algorithm of density estimation and large scale data group segmenting algorithm of the initial value limitation, a new algorithm for initializing the cluster center is presented. The idea of segmenting base on density is combined with the idea of sampling and the new idea is presented. The accuracy of sampling is improved by averagely segmenting every dimension of the database. The speediness of the refining initial algorithm ensures the new algorithm has superiority on time. The experiment demonstrates that the new algorithm has superiority on time and accuracy with other algorithms.


Anthracyclines are used in induction therapy of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and are known to generate oxidative stress; whether this translates into enhanced antileukemic activity or hemolytic effects in patients with glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is unknown.


The Stripmap-mode SAR is able to image larger area during the same time than the Spotlight mode SAR There are always some ROIs which should be emphasized in the whole SAR image But the signature from those scatters outside the ROI will decrease the contrast of ROI's image The digitally spotlight algorithm is able to filter the unwanted signature before imaging to achieve the equivalent purpose to spotlight mode SAR and increase the contrast of the SAR image The simulation results prove its validity


Literature suggests that private participation can lead to major improvements in infrastructure provision. One of the ways Spain has chosen to overcome the challenge of keeping up with considerable rates in infrastructure investment while maintaining budgetary stability was to encourage a higher level of private financing - mainly through concession contracts (PPP). Spain is one of the leading countries worldwide in the field of transport infrastructure concessions - six Spanish companies are among the first twelve companies in the world ranking on transport infrastructure concessions. In addition, Spain has recently developed a new legal framework, which constitutes a reference for many other countries in the European Union. (a) For the covering entry of this conference, please see ITRD abstract no. E214938.


The purpose of this investigation is to develop new polymer mortars using waste expanded polystyrene (EPS) solution-based binders as an effective recycling method for the waste EPS. EPS solutions are prepared by dissolving a preformed cellular polystyrene thermal insulating material as a model of the waste EPS in styrene. Polymer mortars using EPS solution-based binders, ground calcium carbonate as a filler and silica sand as a fine aggregate are prepared with various EPS concentrations of EPS solutions and crosslinking agent contents, subjected to a dry curing and a dry/heat curing, and tested for working life, flexural and compressive strengths. As a result, the working lives of EPS solution-based binders and polymer mortars are shortened with raising EPS concentration of EPS solutions and crosslinking agent content. Irrespective of curing conditions, the flexural and compressive strengths of the polymer mortars are increased with increasing EPS concentration of EPS solutions and crosslinking agent content except for an EPS concentration of 40%.


Objective To observe the clinical significance and changes of hs-CRP,CK-MB in children infected with hand,foot and mouse disease(HFMD) before and after treatment.Methods 30 cases of healthy children and 89 cases of HFMD children were detected separately CK-MB and hs-CRP level before and after 7 d treatment.Results Before treatment,compared with the healthy control group,the level of hs-CRP and CK-MB in HFMD children were significantly increased(P0.01).After 7 d combined treatment,hs-CRP content change of HFMD children was significantly lower than before(P0.01),but CK-MB content change of HFMD children had no statistical significance.Conclusion hs-CRP is an early,sensitive but non-specific indicator of diagnosing HFMD,which can guide clinical therapy judgment before and after treatment.


The aim of the present study was to identify
 risk factors with potential of influencing the infection status with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae
 of suckling pigs at the age of weaning. Overall, data from 1,136 piglets
 of three herds were collected. In order to identify suitable herds for this
 study, a previous study was conducted, where 132 herds were examined for the
 occurrence of M. hyopneumoniae in suckling
 pigs by taking nasal swabs from 20 piglets each per herd and analyzing by
 multiplex real-time PCR (WOESTE 2011). Piglets were at least 18 days old.
 Exclusion criteria were the size of the sow herds (only herds with more than
 120 sows) as well as the vaccination of sows against M. hyopneumoniae. Herds were qualified for the present
 study if detection of M. hyopneumoniae was
 possible in at least 15% of piglets. Data were collected from the three selected herds
 between December 2009 and June 2010. The herds which were included in the
 study were of conventional husbandry. The intention to investigate 15 litters
 each from three subsequent farrowing groups per
 herd failed because of the cross-fostering procedures during the suckling
 period and the poor organization of batch farrowing
 in one of the three herds. Litters in which piglets were cross-fostered from
 different litters were excluded due to an unknown infection risk. Overall,
 data from 1,136 piglets from 112 individual litters were collected. In total,
 3.6% of nasal swabs were tested positive for M. hyopneumoniae
 by multiplex real-time PCR at the age of weaning. In contrast, 5 weeks
 after weaning a detection of M. hyopneumoniae was
 only possible in 1.2%. Provided that there is no further exposition to the
 pathogen, these results were indicating a self-limiting infection during the
 nursing period. Extrapolating the results to the general spread of the
 infection during nursing period is difficult because of the hypothesis that
 the transmission rate of M. hyopneumoniae is
 influenced by infection dose. It is likely that a higher infection dose
 increases the transmission rate of M. hyopneumoniae.
 The examined factors include management
 measures (e.g. vaccination program), individual parameters of sows and
 piglets during the suckling period (e.g. diseases, used teat), temperature
 during the suckling period (outside as well as in the environment of animals)
 and diagnostic investigations (direct detection of M. hyopneumoniae
 and detection of antibodies against M. hyopneumoniae).
 The infection status regarding M. hyopneumoniae of
 piglets at the age of weaning was the outcome-variable for statistical
 analyses. Data were analyzed via Poisson regression model in order to detect
 association with the outcome-variable. The results (incidence rate ratio IRR
 and p-value) allowed an assessment about the potential of the various factors
 in influencing the infection-status of piglets at the age of weaning. Relating to the management factors, an
 increased probability for the detection of M. hyopneumoniae
 was identified, when only one iron injection was applied, the clipping of
 the teeth was neglected, or when piglets were vaccinated against PCV2
 associated diseases as well as in case of absence of a treatment with M. hyopneumoniae effective antibiotics during the
 suckling period. A considerable effect at the infection status was identified
 for the temperature during the suckling period. A low outside temperature as
 well as low temperature in the piglet nest at the time of birth and also
 seven and fourteen days after birth increase the probability of M. hyopneumoniae detection. An association with the
 outcome variable was also identified for the daily weight gain (the lower the
 daily weight gain the higher the probability of a detection), the duration of
 the suckling period (the longer the suckling period the higher the
 probability of a detection) as well as for the increasing number of totally
 born piglets. The identified risk factors of this study
 provide an informative basis to create measures for intervention against the
 transmission of M. hyopneumoniae from sows
 to their offspring. Based on these results, it is possible for further
 studies within this field of research to focus on the selection of study
 parameters prior to start.


A new concept in light level detection. The basis is the use of hybrid optical bistable devices working in oscillatory mode. The obtained instabilities show a correspondence between their frequency and the laser light intensity.


Pitting is a destructive form of localized corrosion that requires careful analysis and evaluation. Metal surfaces are examined first to identify and determine the extent of pitting, which may be described in terms of standard charts. Nondestructive tests may be used, but they have limitations. Pit depths provide more meaningful information and can be determined by microscopic measurement, depth gages, and other techniques. Statistical methods can be used to show the probability of pitting to estimate maximum pit depths or to show the relationship with time. The change in mechanical properties may also provide useful information.


The electrochemical behavior of luminol, an important molecule in forensic science, was studied in Britton–Robinson buffer solution (pH 2–pH 13) at a glassy carbon electrode using cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry techniques. Luminol showed a well-defined and irreversible oxidation peak at 0.33 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) in 0.05 mol L−1 Britton–Robinson buffer solution at pH 12. The electrooxidation process of luminol was adsorption-controlled and irreversible over the pH range studied (2.0–13). The differential pulse voltammetric determination of luminol was carried out. Under optimal conditions, the glassy carbon electrode displayed a linear response over the range from 1.8 × 10−8 to 4.5 × 10−4 mol L−1 luminol concentration, and statistical data were evaluated. A commercially available real sample that contained luminol was analyzed according to this method. The luminol percentage of the sample was obtained as 21.2 (±0.4)%.


An experimental project was undertaken to investigate the character of vortex breakdown with particular regard to the stagnation and wave guide theories of vortex breakdown. Three different wings were used to produce a trailing vortex which convected downstream without undergoing breakdown. Disturbances were then introduced onto the vortex using a moving wire to 'cut' the vortex. The development of upstream and downstream propagating disturbance waves was observed and the propagation velocities measured. A downstream traveling wave was observed to produce a structure similar in appearance to a vortex breakdown. An upstream traveling wave produced a moving turbulent region. The upstream disturbance moved into an axial velocity profile that had a wake-like defect while the downstream moving vortex breakdown moved against a jet-like overshoot. The longitudinal and swirl velocity profiles were documented by LDV measurement. Wave velocities, swirl angles, and swirl parameters are reported.


Genetic studies have previously established that C. elegans LIN‐9 functions downstream of cdk‐4 and cyd‐1, homologues of mammalian CDK4/6 and cyclin D respectively, in a distinct pathway that regulates cell proliferation. In this study, we demonstrate that mammalian BARA/LIN‐9 is a nuclear protein that inhibits cell proliferation in a variety of cell lines. More importantly, we determine that BARA/LIN‐9 also acts downstream of CDK4/6 and cyclin D in mammalian cells since i) its anti‐proliferative effect is partially blocked by co‐expression of cyclin D1, and ii) a mutant form that lacks the first 84 amino acids (Δ84) rescues observed phenotypic alterations in fertility and growth in mice null for cdk4. An analysis of cell cycle proteins indicates the Δ84 mutation of BARA/LIN‐9 restores the expression of E2F target genes in CDK4‐null mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells. Interestingly, the Δ84 mutation of BARA/LIN‐9 had no effect in mice null for cdk2. These data supports a model in which BARA/LIN‐9 plays an important role in the repression of transcription of genes required for progression through G1 and entry into S phase downstream of CDK4, but independent of CDK2.


The effect of the deposition substrate on the performance of inkjet‐printed membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) is investigated. MEAs are fabricated from inkjet‐printed catalyst‐coated membranes (CCMs), gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs), and a bilateral sandwich of a CCM and a GDE. All MEAs are tested in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). When a hot‐pressing step is included in the MEA construction, the power density achieved with the GDE‐based MEA is 1.067 W cm−2, exceeding that achieved with the CCM‐based MEA (0.579 W cm−2), and the bilateral sandwich MEA (0.792 W cm−2). The origin of the superior performance of the inkjet‐printed GDE‐based MEAs is investigated through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and analysis of the microstructure of the printed membranes and electrodes. Atomic force microscopy and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy suggest that the greater surface and interfacial areas of the GDE‐printed catalyst layer may drive the unexpectedly high performance of the GDE‐based MEA as compared with its CCM and bilateral sandwich counterparts. These results provide new insights into the connections between the substrate, inkjet‐printed catalyst layer microstructure, and catalyst utilization.


IT is well established that aldosterone secretion in man is determined in part by the sodium content of the diet1 , 2 and that the administration of large amounts of sodium to normal subjects, in contrast to patients with primary aldosteronism,3 leads to a decrease in aldosterone excretion4 , 5 or secretion.6 However, there is less information on the amount and rate of salt administration necessary to suppress aldosterone secretion in normal subjects, nor has the time sequence of this response been well defined. Apart from its physiologic interest, a more precise definition of the normal response to salt loading may help to distinguish . . .


Electrification and sustainable energy uses are increasing in Papua New Guinea (PNG) over the last few decades. The bulk of PNG's population (85%) lives in isolated and dispersed villages in the rural areas. Most of these isolated and dispersed areas are still yet to be connected to an electricity supply. Papua New Guinea (PNG) is richly endowed with natural resources, but exploitation has been hampered by rugged terrain, land tenure issues, and the high cost of developing infrastructure. The study is focused on mapping of enriched renewable energy zones of the entire country. Different variables related to renewable, like surface albedo index, earth skin temperature, solar insolation incident, and wind speed are used for this purpose. Three interpolation approaches, like inverse distance weighted averaging, thin-plate smoothing splines, and kriging, are evaluated to interpolate all variables. Rating and weight sum overlay operation is applied to derive potential renewable energy zones in this equatorial country. Results show that potential renewable energy distribution is high in Papua New Guinea on the March and September equinoxes. Yearly average distribution of renewable energy source variables is significantly higher in most areas of Manus, New Ireland, North Solomon, West New Britain, Northern, Central and Milne Bay; a larger portion of East New Britain; the northern part of West and East Sepik, Central, Morobe and eastern part of Madang province. The potential renewable energy distribution data can help to establish sustainable energy production in the country.


A NEW CLASS of detergents with quaternary carbon centers could become handy tools for obtaining structures of membrane proteins, a new study suggests. Membrane-embedded proteins play crucial roles in biology and are often drug targets, but it's notoriously difficult to determine what they look like. Detergents, amphiphilic molecules with polar heads and nonpolar tails, play several roles in membrane-protein structure determination. They extricate proteins from their native environment in a cell membrane, keep the freed proteins stable, and aid crystallization. But conventional detergents don't always do all those jobs well. From a molecular standpoint, detergents tend to be either very flexible or very rigid. To come up with new tools, "we wondered if we could tune that flexibility," says chemist Samuel H. Gellman of the University of Wisconsin, Madison. Gellman's postdoctoral colleague Pil Seok Chae had the idea to create detergents with intermediate flexibility by fusing various amphiphiles( J. Am. Chem...


For our basic ingredients, we start with a stochastic process \( \bs{X} = \{X_t: t \in T\} \) on an underlying probability space \( (\Omega, \mathscr{F}, \P) \), having state space \( \R \), and where the index set \( T \) (representing time) is either \( \N \) (discrete time) or \( [0, \infty) \) (continuous time). So to review what all this means, \( \Omega \) is the sample space, \( \mathscr{F} \) the \( \sigma \)-algebra of events, \( \P \) the probability measure on \( (\Omega, \mathscr{F}) \), and \( X_t \) is a random variable with values in \( \R \) for each \( t \in T \). Next, we have a filtration \(\mathfrak{F} = \{\mathscr{F}_t: t \in T\} \), and we assume that \( \bs{X} \) is adapted to \( \mathfrak{F} \). To review again, \( \mathfrak{F} \) is an increasing family of sub \( \sigma \)-algebras of \( \mathscr{F} \), so that \( \mathscr{F}_s \subseteq \mathscr{F}_t \subseteq \mathscr{F} \) for \( s, \, t \in T \) with \( s \le t \), and \( X_t \) is measurable with respect to \( \mathscr{F}_t \) for \( t \in T \). We think of \( \mathscr{F}_t \) as the collection of events up to time \( t \in T \), thus encoding the information available at time \( t \). Finally, we assume that \( \E\left(\left|X_t\right|\right) \lt \infty \), so that the mean of \( X_t \) exists as a real number, for each \( t \in T \).


This chapter addresses the scarcity of avenging daughters in early modern texts, arguing that Shakespeare's Cordelia in King Lear provides an exception to this paradigm. In scripting such an unexpected part for a female character, Shakespeare subverts the traditionally male gendered role of the avenger son and reconfigures earlier versions of the legend (such as those found in accounts by Geoffrey of Monmouth, Holinshed, and John Higgins and the anonymous King Leir). The chapter demonstrates the play's structural affinities with the revenge genre, arguing that King Lear offers ethically contrasting forms of requital that are also gendered: while Goneril and Regan correspond to negative stereotypes about vengeful women, Shakespeare's Cordelia (particularly in the 1623 folio), resembles the 'male-like' Cordelia depicted in the historical chronicles. Finally, the chapter asks what commentary on injustice, filial duty, and revenge Shakespeare's harrowing, unsentimental dramatization of the Lear legend offered its early seventeenth-century audiences.


In order to obtain the land needed and to make full use of the land,Taipei Metropolitan Rapid Transit System is making efforts on land development.It provides land owners with more options besides being expropriates.Furthermore,the land development reduces the government's financial burden,and the profit is much increased.The planning concept of Transit Oriented Development(TOD) is also introduced into land development.To increase the attraction of land use,the intensity of land development is also strengthened.The facilities for parking and ride are well designed,the transportation elements are jointed together,and public elements are included in a complete development.In order to develop the rapid transit system smoothly,fairly,efficiently and to provide a reference to other similar development project,this article is to review and examine the outcome of operation of land development.


As the new Chair of the AP-S Distinguished Lecturer Program (DLP), I would like to introduce our newly formed committee and review our polices and procedures. I encourage all Chapter Chairs and officers to get familiar with the AP-S Distinguished Lecturer Program if your Chapter is not already taking advantage of it. Each Chapter is allowed two visits per year from a Distinguished Lecturer, with all expenses covered by the AP-S Distinguished Lecturer Program, up to a maximum limit (see below) and subject to availability of funds. A list of all of the available Distinguished Lecturer presentations is on the AP-S Web site Gust click on the link "Distinguished Lecturers"), and I invite you to browse through this. The process of arranging for a Distinguished Lecturer to visit your Chapter is easy (see below, under "Review of Polices").


Type I collagen, the predominant protein of vertebrates, assembles with other collagens and non-collagenous extracellular matrix molecules into large cable-like fibrils which help dictate the structure and function of tissues including skin, tendon, bone, and cornea. Collagen also has a myriad of uses in the manufacture of glues, leather, and formulations to promote health and beauty. To help decipher the structure and biology of this "cornerstone of life", we examined type I collagen fibrils in situ by x-ray diffraction, establishing the molecular conformation and packing topology of triple helices within the microfibril (fibril subunit) and fibril. We also built an interactome to correlate the hundreds of functional domains, ligand binding sites, and human mutations mapping to the protein. The fibril was found to comprise two domains: one regulating cell interactions and fibril remodeling, and the other dictating structure, mediating proteoglycan binding, fibril crosslinking, and biomineralization. Insights from interactomes for type I collagen chemistry created here, and for type III collagen biology are also discussed. We also consider the present state and future promise of the multi-billion dollar collagen-based medical device industry, which supplies a huge portfolio of collagenous scaffolds and flowable formulations to correct tissue defects and promote healing. We propose how acquiring the abilities to fashion biocompatible collagen-based implants with requisite dimensions, tissue architecture, structural integrity, and in vivo longevities may rely on three emerging methods: collagen fibril alignment, 3D bioprinting, and the creation of genetically engineered "boutique" collagens with novel structural and biologic attributes.


Each of the six Amyema species collected in Victoria had a natural distribution and floral phenoiogy that overlapped with at least one of its Victorian congenerics. All of the Amyema spp. were pollinated by the same family of birds (Meliphagidae, honeyeaters) and often by the same species. All intraspecific cross-pollinations in vitro consistently produced an average of more than five pollen tubes per style which grew more than 0.125 the length of the style within 24 hours. Seventeen of 30 interspecific pollinations in vitro failed to produce pollen tubes in the style over the same time. Only eight of the 30 interspecific crosses attempted produced results competitive with respective intraspecific crosses. The success of the interspecific cross appeared to depend on the breeding system of the species receiving pollen from another. Self-incompatible Amyema pendulum (Sieb. ex Spreng.) Van Tieghem and Amyema miraculosum (Miq.) Van Tieghem repeatedly failed to accept the pollen of all the other species. Seif- compatible Amyema preisii (Miq.) Van Tieghem and Amyema quandang (Lindl.) Van Tieghem showed good to excellent interspecific pollen tube penetration of stylar tissue. Partially self-compatible Amyema linophyllum (Fenzl) Van Tieghem and Amyema miquelii (Lehm. ex Miq.) Van Tieghem showed results intermediate between self-compatible and self-incompatible taxa. Geographic and floral phenological barriers contribute partially to interspecific isolation as intercompatible species may have regionally different flowering seasons and distributions. F, hybrids recorded in southern Australia show extremely low rates of pollen viability and seed production. There is no current evidence that introgression occurs.


Introduction. The main advantage of optical diagnostic methods for flames is that they do not introduce significant perturbations into the studied process. At the moment, there are several methods for measurement of temperature and concentration fields in flames. These methods are based on imaging of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF), Rayleigh scattering, and Raman scattering. Methods based on LIF are characterized by high intensity of the detected signal, but the quantitative interpretation of the data is difficult and sometimes is not possible at all, due to the quenching of fluorescence by other molecules [1]. Registration of the Rayleigh scattering allows to estimate density in the studied plane of the gas but requires a priori information about the resulting scattering cross-section of molecules in each local point of the measurement domain. Interpretation of the Raman scattering due to v ibrational transition of molecules allows to evaluate local species concentration and their tem-


Recently, the research of any-to-any voice conversion(VC) has been developed rapidly. However, they often suffer from unsat-isfactory quality and require two stages for training, in which a spectrum generation process is indispensable. In this paper, we propose the FlowCPCVC system, which results in higher speech naturalness and timbre similarity. FlowCPCVC is the first one-stage training system for any-to-any task in our knowledge by taking advantage of VAE and contrastive learning. We employ a speaker encoder to extract timbre information, and a contrastive predictive coding(CPC) based content extractor to guide the flow module to discard the timbre and keeping the linguistic information. Our method directly incorporates the vocoder into the training, thus avoiding the loss of spectral information as in two-stage training. With a fancy method in training any-to-any task, we can also get robust results when using it in any-to-many conversion. Experiments show that FlowCPCVC achieves obvious improvement when compared to VQMIVC which is current state-of-the-art any-to-any voice conversion system. Our demo is available online 1 .


In the present invention, bio-mass, and can be manufactured also as a raw material of high plant-derived, there is provided an adhesive, and double-faced adhesive tape for retention within repellent member is excellent fixed electronic devices. In the present invention, there is provided an electronic apparatus member double-faced adhesive tape for fixing, characterized in that the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer having a bio-mass or higher degree of 50% by weight.


A metric space M has the monotone property if for each point p and line L of M the distancepx betweenp and a point x of L is monotone increasing as x recedes along either half-line of L determined by the foot of p on L. It is shown that a Banach space (over the reals) has the monotone property if and only if it has unique metric lines. Using previously known results, additional equivalents of the monotone property are obtained and new proofs of some older criteria for unique metric lines result.


A process is described for developing bio-based foam board using state of the art freeze-casting technology. The bio-based thermal insulation foam board was produced starting from wood-based cellulose nanomaterials (CNs) water suspensions. Its performance properties were compared to the current products on the market: Foamular® 150 (F150), Styrofoam™ brand square edge insulation (SF), and GreenGuard® XPS (GG). The bio-based foam board's density was 0.1 g/cm3 with an 8.16% coefficient of variation (CV), which was higher than F150's density (0.03 g/cm3 with 0.35% CV), SF's density (0.04 g/cm3 with 3.79% CV), and GG's density (0.04 g/cm3 with 0.03% CV). The insulation value (R-value) was determined as 3.14 (1.47% CV) for bio-based thermal insulation foam board, 4.37 (0.39%) for F150, 4.43 (0.39%) for GG, and 5.59 (1.55%) for SF. The mechanical performance of the bio-based thermal insulation foam board was lower than those of the current products on the market, so that it requires further enhancement before potential commercialization. However, being among the first nanocellulose thermal insulation foam boards currently available, it still has great potential for use in building systems.


Blockchain technology is one of the innovations in financial technology that serves as the backbone of Bitcoin and Cryptocurrency. A blockchain is a secure ledger of all data transfer activities that eliminate the need for third-party involvement. It is a technology that records transactions using distributed databases and cryptography. There are three types of blockchain which are public, private, and Consortium or Federated blockchain. Many industries have used blockchain technology. Blockchain in banking is one of the industries that use blockchain the most and need by the country and organization. Many use cases on blockchain in banking, such as Know Your Customer (KYC), clearing and settlement, trade finance, payments, smart contract, and syndicated loans. These use cases could see the impact of implementing blockchain in banking.


History teachers face many challenges – like finding a way to incorporate technology and art into history projects. School of Science and Technology – Corpus Christi history teacher Ashton Moff challenged herself and found a way to stimulate the love of history in her classroom.


Adsorption and surface reactions on various oxides have been monitored by IR spectroscopy, with benzaidehyde, benzoic acid, methylphenylketone. and 2-phenyl-2-propanol. The oxides were chosen to represent typical adsorption properties (SiO2 γ-Al2O3, and α-Mn3O4). Surface reactions were observed at various temperatures, starting from room temperature. The results concern three points: (i) identification of adsorbed species, arising on different oxides under increasing temperatures; (ii) the possible sequence of reaction steps in the insertion (oxidation) or removal (reduction) of oxygen, into or from the molecules studied; and (iii) the conclusion that a Cannizzaro reaction is not likely so that the insertion (and removal) is most probably by the Mars and van Krevelen mechanism.


Tanzania has been implementing a project to reduce emission from deforestation and degradation (REDD). The REDD pilot project has been considered as a viable option in enhancing conservation and community livelihoods. Moreover, the contribution of REDD to community livelihoods has not been critically investigated. This study attempts to fill this information gap by using a case study of Kondoa District. The study use mixed methods to capture information from the field, including household surveys, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), while descriptive and content analysis were used for qualitative data. The findings reveal high awareness of the REDD pilot project by the communities. It was further observed that the REDD project has contributed income to the community from carbon sales, improved agricultural production, and has introduced income generating activities. The study concludes that for the REDD project to be successful, community participation should be strengthened in planning and designing strategies for the REDD project. It further suggests that for the REDD project to gain more support from the community, tangible benefits and more income generating activities should be given priority.


On p. 7 in the second and third lines of the right-hand column, and on p. 8, in the eighth and ninth lines of the paragraph before Sec. D the values of the internal pressure pi, respectively, corresponding to Table I and Table II should be pi =0.03 MPa for the spark-generated bubble and pi=0.022 MPa for the laser-generated bubble. The results of the paper are not affected by these typographical errors.


The family is the basis of human development, it is the social context that provides the necessary conditions for children to acquire their autonomy at all levels; in addition to the necessary physical care to guarantee their survival. The family is the one that provides the essential affective climate so that there is a process that changes the biological being that is a baby, in a person, in a biopsychosocial being. Marriage arguments emotionally deplete parents and diminish their interest in the emotional needs of their children, who may understand it as rejection or absence of affection, very detrimental to their personal growth. Additionally, marital conflict decreases the parents ability to integrate and participate socially. The provision of affective and emotional stability that child development requires can be seriously threatened by the separation or divorce of the parents, it affects children in the form of coping they use in stressful situations, in the formation of the attachment process, the affective and emotional stability required for child development and how they respond to changes in the family.


We present a method, based upon reverse-recovery (RR) transient measurements, for determining the interface recombination parameters of double-sided heterojunction solar cells. A physics-based model is developed, and normalized parameters are used to provide results that can be scaled to arbitrary wafer thickness and minority-carrier diffusion coefficient. In the case of dominant recombination at only one interface, interface recombination velocity can be extracted directly from RR times. In devices with significant recombination at both interfaces, numerical modeling must be used. The effects of minority-carrier current spreading in small devices can be corrected for analytically. The results are then applied to both PEDOT/ n-Si and PEDOT/n-Si/TiO2 heterojunction cells. We find that the PEDOT/n-Si interface, despite favorable band offsets and a significant built-in voltage, is not an ideal hole injector because of recombination at the PEDOT/n-Si interface. We also find that the effective surface recombination velocity at the Si-TiO2 interface in a metallized device is 330 cm/s, confirming that the interface has a low defect density. Finally, we reflect on the significance of these results for the further development of silicon heterojunction cells.


We estimate the perturbative nuclear shadowing in the nuclear structure function F2 (x,Q2), mainly at the kinematic region of HERA using the Glauber-Mueller approach. The contributions of the quark and gluon sectors to the nuclear shadowing are estimated. We predict that the nuclear shadowing corrections are important and that saturation of the ratio R15F2 (x,Q)/AF2 (x,Q2) occurs atQ>1 GeV once the shadowing in the gluon sector is considered. @S0556-2813 ~99!05010-4#


Based on comparing several form plans of the weir surface concrete construction of the spillway weir on Xiehuiken reservoir,the construction scheme of overseting the small form by the relevent sequence which is that the common moulding is combined with the sliding formwork was adopted.The task had been finished better.It saved the materials and make the constraction progress fast.The product quality is also good.


Servant leadership and Transformational leadership are a leadership styles that must be owned by the present leaders. In this study, leadership style (servant leadership and transformational leadership) become the keys for investigating the corporate social responsibility in church. The aim is to examine the impact servant leadership and transformational leadership for the succeed of corporate social responsibility. The population of this research is all pastors of GKPMI. And the sample is 8 pastors from this church. This research used qualitative analysis, using the interview and observation techniques. T his research found that servant leadership and transformational leadership must run together to obtain the corporate social responsibility, and it compliment and balanced the CSR in organization. Because it mixed together, the CSR is higher than before. Conclusion Servant leadership and transformational leadership have a positive impact toward congregation and because of that the corporate social responsibility in this organization is good enough, or can say extremely well. Recommendation for the church is to apply this servant and transformational leadership so the church can manage the CSR well. Keywords: servant, transformational leadership, corporate social responsibility


The aim of paper was to assess effects of environmental and physiological related factors on suckling behavior patterns. The study was carried out on 120 Romanian Spotted calves. Two behavioral traits were considered: total daily required interval and required interval for each meal. Traits were studied according to: calves viability, calving season, type of calving, calving ease and meal sequence. Significant differences were recorded for calves viability (viable vs morbid, p≤0.001), type of calving (single vs twinning, p≤0.001), and calving ease (eutocya vs dystocia, p≤0.001), being a proof of welfare, conferred by adaptability to new environment. No significant effect was recorded for season of calving (summer vs winter, p≥0.05). Significant differences concerning required suckling interval, were recorded between meals, both seasons. for viable (p≤0.001), morbid (p≤0.05), singles (p≤0.05) and calves born from eutocya births (p≤0.001). No significant differences (p≥0.05) recorded for twins and calves born from dystocia. Multifactorial regression model used, reveals that main effects on studied traits had viability (p≤0.001), type of calving (p≤0.01) and calving ease (p≤0.05). It is reasonable to assume that the knowledge of suckling behavior contributes to optimal management of calves. Knowledge of these factors helps to develop adequately systems to improve calves suckling response.


Based on the concept of a set of mutually exclusive alternatives, the process of acquisition of knowledge is explained as a change from logical sum to logical product proposition. It is shown further that the definitions of the concept of information and ignorance can be derived from the basic concept of the mutually exclusive set and the definition of information acquisition. It is then demonstrated that other concepts essential in information theory can be defined and explained on the basis of the theory of information acquisition as presented in this article in a consistent way. It is further demonstrated that any nonmutually exclusive set can be converted to a mutually exclusive one, therefore a set of mutually exclusive alternatives represents a boundary concept that can form a foundation for information theory. The concept of a priori knowledge can be explained as a concept of a one‐alternative set and by that it forms another boundary where acquisition of information is no longer necessary. This way there are two boundary concepts in information theory and other concepts are then defined from them. They include the definition of the concept of problem and the concept of so‐called general statements, the role and function of prior knowledge and deductive reasoning in design of mutually exclusive sets, the function of our senses, their substitutes, and the concept of so‐called sixth sense as their boundary concept. Finally the concepts of the amount of information and ignorance and their measures are presented.


The article is a special theme analyzing report.It establishs the concepts between the analyzing interaction and the educational interaction.The author expounds three questions from three aspects:what is the educational interaction laws in the distance education;the special features and the meanings of the educational interaction.


This study investigated whether public service announcements about the nature of television advertising might influence (a) children's awareness of advertising's intent; (b) their belief in its truthfulness; and (c) their perceptions of products they see advertised. First-second and fifth-sixth graders were shown one of three stimuli: a No-commercials videotape, which consisted of two cartoon shows; a Commercials tape, which showed the same two programs plus commercials for a cereal, a chewing gum, and a board game; and a Consumer Information Processing, or CIP tape, which was the same as the Commercials tape except that it began with a pod of three announcements which gave information about the selling intent of commercials and suggested that one should be critical of commercial claims. Comparisons between the Commercials and the CIP condition showed that awareness of intent was increased among and younger group (the fifth-sixth graders were already aware); belief in the truthfulness of advertising dropped at both ages; and at both ages, the announcements lowered children's estimates of the flavor of the two advertised food products but did not influence feelings about how much fun the game would be or the rank of any of the three products versus competitors.


The efficiency of an inductive power transfer (IPT) system decreases significantly with misalignment. This article proposes a parameter optimization method for the three-coil coupler (TCC) to obtain high system efficiency and misalignment tolerance. The magnetic flux distribution of the TCC is compared with the conventional two-coil coupler, based on which the reason for high misalignment tolerance of the TCC is clarified. To reduce the optimization time, the concepts of primary self-inductance decoupling and mutual inductance decoupling are introduced. An IPT prototype using inductor-capacitor-capacitor/series compensation topology and the optimal TCC was built to verify the validity of the proposed optimization method. The radii of the transmitting and receiving pads of the TCC are 210 and 130 mm, respectively, and the power transfer distance is 100 mm. The system efficiency is 90.106% in aligned case and 85.446% in the most misaligned case (misalignments in X-, Y-, and Z-axis are 75, 100, and 50 mm, respectively). Compared to the output voltage in aligned case, the output voltage in the most misaligned case is only decreased by 39.26%.


To the Editor:

We report the course of a 15-year old boy with juvenile glaucoma (JG) due to a myocilin (MYOC) missense mutation who presented with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and combined cilioretinal artery occlusion and central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) OS.


Verocytotoxin-producingEscherichia coli (VTEC) is an important group of emerging food-borne pathogens and represents a major public health concern worldwide. The aim of this work was to analyse faecal samples from hunted wild lagomorphs for the presence of E. coli O157:H7 and nonO157 VTEC. During two hunting seasons, faecal samples from 241 animals were collected, including wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and hare (Lepus granatensis) and were examined for VTEC. Overall, VTEC were detected and isolated in four (1.66%) of the 241 animals sampled. E. coli O157:H7 was isolated only from one of 124 (0.81%) wild rabbit faecal samples while non-O157 VTEC were isolated from two of 124 (1.61%) wild rabbit faecal samples and one of 117 (0.85%) hare faecal samples. VTEC isolates obtained in the present study (four in total) belonged to four different O:H serotypes, including two serotypes (O84:H− and O157: H7) previously associated with human infection and in particular with causing the life-threatening haemolytic– uraemic syndrome. Although these results indicate a low prevalence of VTEC infection in free-ranging wild lagomorphs, they may play an important role as a source of exposure to human beings and livestock and as a vehicle for dispersing these pathogens. These findings have implications for the zoonotic risk to hunters, people consuming meat from wild animals and others in contact with wild animal faeces, and also in the development of programmes for controlling VTEC at the farm level.


Taking an actual project as the example,this paper introduces the energy saving effect of the regulating technique of fixed water flow and variable air quantity,analyses economic benefit and flexibility of frequency control and valveless thermoregulator of indoor fan-coil.


This manuscript gives an update on the integration of Time-Of-Flight reconstruction into the STIR image reconstruction toolkit. In this iteration we provide significant support to reconstruct TOF-compatible projection data. Most infrastructure classes, such as ProjDataInfo and ProjData, have been extended, and utilities, as lm_to_projdata, used to create sinograms from listmode data, can now handle TOF information. This extension required many modifications in the low level code base of STIR, making it non-trivial and error-prone. Therefore, a thorough validation is required. In this work we provide initial results of the correctness of the extension. Using Monte Carlo simulations, as well as cylindrical and XCAT phantoms analytically projected, we calculate the contrast recovery ratio over a wide range of iterations. The results demonstrate the benefits of TOF under different configurations, which are in good agreement with literature. The ROI mean value converges to the maximum faster with better timing resolution, while larger number of TOF bins improve contrast values in low iterations.


A 21-year-old man was brought to the emergency department due to multiple trauma (MT) caused by a motor car accident (MCA). On arrival, the patient was intubated by prehospital emergency medical services (EMS) and had a Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score of 6 on 10 (Due to intubation, verbal score was omitted). Physical examination revealed blood pressure of 150/70 mmHg, oxygen saturation (O2sat) of 60%, and pulse rate of 110/min. Examination of the tracheal tube site revealed incorrect esophageal placement. The patient was intubated again and his O2sat improved and reached approximately 96%. His pupils were reactive and of the same size. The Doll's eye was normal, and plantar reflex was neuter in both sides. Neither expanding hematoma nor emphysema was observed in his neck. Laceration was noted on his left ear, but otorrhagia and tympanic perforation were not found. The lung sounds were normal in both sides. Extended focused abdominal sonography for trauma (e-FAST) examination revealed the absence of free fluid in the abdomen and pericardial space. No deformity of limbs was noted and the distal pulses were palpable. The patient's O2sat decreased during his admission to the emergency department, and further examination indicated obvious decreased sound in his right lung that could not be reversed by needle thoracostomy. On reviewing his previous chest computed tomography, an obvious questionable pathology was detected in his right side Figure 1. What is your diagnosis?


This book gives an overview of the influence of effective microorganisms (EM) on the growth, development, yield and storage of vegetables and soybeans. The review paper is about the effect of EM on the yield and quality of tomatoes. Other papers revealed followed: EM influenced the growth of tomato transplants as they remained more compact with a greater stem diameter. EM improves the growth and reduces the nitrate content of cucumber, pumpkin and squash transplants. In a field experiment the yield of swedes was increased by EM treatment. Storability was not influenced by EM. The Ca content of swedes after harvest was higher in the treatment with EM than in that without. The yield of white cabbage was not influenced by EM treatment, although storage loss was lower with EM treatment. EM improved soybeans seed germination. To conclude, EM had a positive influence on the growth, development, yield and storage of vegetables and soybeans, with greater yields and less storage losses. Original finding: EM improved the greenhouse crops transplants, as they remained compact with a greater stem diameter.


The paper proposes and demonstrates a novel protein microarray chip with an embedded microchannel array for the delivery of protein separately. This chip system is applicable to high throughput disease diagnosis and drug screening. Demonstration in spot formations by the novel design using MEMS technology and characterization of the spot-forming process by numerical simulations are performed to illustrate the feasibility and the advantages of the presented design.


Octithiophene sterically segregated by annelation with bicyclo[2.2.2]octene (BCO) units was synthesized to study the unimolecular properties of longer oligothiophene dications. For the preparation of such longer oligomers, a new route for the synthesis of the monomer annelated with BCO unit at the 3,4-positions of thiophene ring was developed. Attempted synthesis of octithiophene 1(8T) fully annelated with BCO units was hampered by low solubility of the product, and octithiophene 2(8T) having octyl groups instead of the BCO units at the second rings from the both ends of 1(8T) was synthesized to solve the solubility problem. Neutral 2(8T) has a lower planarity due to the steric repulsion between the octyl substituents and the neighboring thiophene units. However, dication 2(8T)2+, which was obtained as a stable salt by chemical two-electron oxidation with NO+SbF6–, has a planar quinoid structure, as judged from a linear correlation between the inverse chain length and the absorption energy for 1(nT)2+ (n = 3,4,6) and 2(8T)2+. Based on the comparison with the calculated absorption spectra and the result of ESR inactive properties, 2(8T)2+ appears to have a singlet ground state with open-shell biradical character rather than a closed-shell singlet structure.


We present how to build a network on IPv6 using a PC platform, which doesn′t include routers.Based on the network,we implement the IPv6 protocols.Then we introduce the circumstance needed by the tested IPv6 protocols and the test procedure. At last, we give an example of test case.


Introduction. Wide hybridization is an important source of new genes for resistance to diseases for efficient breeding of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in particular due to the involvement of a wide range of an alien diversity and the ability to combine wheat and the alien resistance genes.Aim. Investigate the resistance to widespread diseases and give the breeding evaluation of the advanced introgression lines developed by repeated crosses of amphiploids, primitive lines or collection samples with modern cultivars of winter bread wheat.Methods. The field experiments were established in the crop rotation of the department of wheat breeding and seed production of PBGI–NCSCI according to the generally accepted scheme of the breeding process of self-pollinating crops. The degree of plant damage was determined on a 9-point integrated scale developed on the basis of a modified Saari and Precott scale. The protein content was determined by the Kjeldahl method, the weight of thousand kernels (WTK) by the standard method (DSTU 4138-2002).Results. A low frequency of combine of the group resistance with high yield and grain quality was registered. The genetic background of some introgression lines has been found to be favorable for realizing the positive effect of rye translocation 1BL.1RS on both economically valuable and adaptive traits in Southern Ukraine and the ability to combine with other resistance genes. A failure of a correlation of the resistance to powdery mildew, leaf and stem rusts with crop yield both in the absence and presence of a natural infectious pressure, as well as low positive connection (Rsp = 0,26 **) of the productivity with resistance to Septoria blight and yellow rust in only one variant of the experiment were established. A low significant positive correlation between the resistance and protein content and WTK, as well as between indexes of the line resistance to various diseases was observed in most cases, which is obviously a result of the artificial selection for group resistance. The breeding lines (E2792_14, AIL1161_16, E218_09, E212_09, AIL1073_16) with alien polygenic complexes for the resistance to rust diseases, high values of WTK, protein content and morphological traits; characterized by high productivity, adaptability, baking quality were isolated.Conclusions. The lines are devoid of many of the negative qualities inherent to wild species, they can be a promising source for resistance to the diseases and may be of interest for further breeding work in Southern Ukraine. Кey words: Triticum aestivum L., introgression lines, resistance, productivity.


The art of dance is a special language shaped from the composition,development and variation of human behaviors, postures and dressing styles,By creating those vivid,distinctive and concrete dancing images,the art reflects the real life and the feelings and thoughts of specific characters.


The present invention is particularly a method of preparing an aqueous colloidal solution or colloidal hydrous alcoholic solution of the metal chalcogenide amorphous nanoparticles of The present invention also relates particularly CZTS obtained from a colloidal solution or colloidal hydroalcoholic solution according to the present invention relates to a method for producing the film of the coarse grains of the crystallized semiconductor metal chalcogenide. The film is useful as an absorption layer deposited on a substrate to be mounted on a solid photovoltaic device.


Some experimenters potentially interested in evaluating the test suggested in my article communicated me comments like: • 'It is practically difficult to realize with a desired level of geometrical accuracy the special annular coil designed in [1]. Then it arises the question if it is possible to imagine another system (of coils) able to create also a h − ~ A and which can be manufactured more easily and with a required precision'.⋆


Multiple scattering from clusters of bubbles has been computed for N = 2 to N = 200 bubbles. It was found that as multiple scattering increases, the resonant frequency of the bubble cluster decreases. For example, for a 1‐cm‐radius cluster composed of bubbles with single‐bubble resonances at 3000 Hz, multiple scattering calculations predict collective resonances at approximately 2000, 1000, and 600 Hz for N = 10, 100, and 200, respectively. Preliminary measurements have been made for N = 2 to N = 7. The measured resonant frequencies are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions. Details of the theoretical and experimental results will be discussed along with approaches for applying the multiple scattering method to large clusters with irregular shapes.


The influence of different amount of fly ash on properties of the rubbish anchoring material is in-vestigated. The experimental results indicate that the pozzolanic reaction of fly ash takes place after a certain amount is added into the anchoring material.As the age is prolonged,the permeability and mechanical properties of the anchoring material are improved.Similarly,the more amount of fly ash is incorporated,the better the permeability of the anchoring material will be.While the fly ash is amounted 24%,the fluidity of the rubbish anchoring material is optimal.So the anchoring material can be applied easily to the surface of the rubbish piles.


This article examines the technological modernization of higher education since the mid-1980s with a view toward likely future directions and consequences. Four important questions are addressed: Does instructional computing uniquely add educational value to the learning process? Does CIT exacerbate socioeconomic inequalities? Can on-line education contribute to a revitalized public sphere in cyberspace? Are pressures for commercialization undermining the ethos of higher education? Social scientists should devote more attention to technologically shaped transformations in higher education.


As computing technologies develop, various studies for e-Science have been actively developed for many years. The advent of Cloud computing, for example, enables scientists to expand their research environments over supercomputers to on-demand and scalable resources. However, several performance drawbacks on the cloud computing can cause considerable obstacles in scientific domains, despite its strong merits. A hybrid infrastructure which consists of the existing and cloud architecture thus can produce a synergy effect for utilizing resources efficiently. In this paper, we proposed hybrid infrastructure-supported a scientific workflow environment for Aerodynamics design and demonstrated its superiority. Hybrid infrastructure covers grid and private cloud computing in this paper. Especially, we focused on improving performance by supporting hybrid infrastructure and efficient usages of physical resources. Since it offers diverse types of computing infrastructures including cloud computing, it can serve elastic resources regardless of the number of tasks for experiments or limitations of space and can reduce costs of time as well as budget during simulations.


Recently, motion compensated interpolation methods are used to generate new frames in the frame rate up conversion. However, they often yield undesirable blocking artifacts due to inaccurate motion estimation. In order to mitigate these artifacts, we propose a new motion-compensated frame rate up conversion algorithm with overlapped block motion estimation. The new interpolated frame is obtained by overlapped block motion compensation of multiple motion estimation between the current and previous frames. Experimental results show the proposed method produces better perceptual quality and outperforms conventional motion-compensated methods in terms of PSNR.


This study aimed to compare and contrast educational presentations prepared with the help of PowerPoint (PPT) program and augmented reality (AR) and to explore teacher candidates' presentation experiences in terms of impact on learning, motivation, usability/employability, and positive and negative aspects. In this context, a qualitative study with a phenomenological design was conducted. The study group was composed of teacher candidates attending the Department of Computer Education. Study data were collected via the interview form developed by the researchers. Research results show that AR applications are superior to PPT presentations in many respects, and while both AR and PPT presentations have positive and negative aspects, traditional learning environments with PPT presentations are no longer sufficient to attract the attention and interest of today's students and meet current demands. Moreover, there is a need to increase educational content and infrastructure to improve the use of AR in addition to providing training to teacher candidates and teachers.


Introduction MRI techniques have recently demonstrated the ability to provide valuable anatomic imaging in the newborn brain, but additional metabolic markers would be important to provide improved assessments of neonatal brain injury. 3D point-resolved spectroscopic imaging (PRESS-MRSI) can provide accurate measurements of metabolite levels throughout the brain, but it is more complex than commercially available single voxel and 2D MRSI techniques. In this study, lactate-edited 3D-PRESS was used to acquire MRSI in neonatal subjects, in order to better define the extent of normal and abnormal metabolite distributions. This study of 55 premature neonates (many studied serially for a total of 104 exams) demonstrated significant correlation between age and metabolite ratios.


We review the initial development of Bacterial Paleontology in Mongolia and present some electron microscopic images of fossil bacteria in different stages of preservation in sedimentary rocks. Indeed bacterial paleontology is one the youngest branches of paleontology. It has began in the end of 20th century and has developed rapidly in recent years. The main tasks of bacterial paleontology are detailed investigation of fossil microorganisms, in particular their morphology and sizes, conditions of burial and products of habitation that are reflected in lithological and geochemical features of rocks. Bacterial paleontology deals with fossil materials and is useful in analysis of the genesis of sedimentary rocks, and sedimentary mineral resources including oil and gas. The traditional paleontology is especially significant for evolution theory, biostratigraphy, biogeography and paleoecology; however bacterial paleontology is an essential first of all for sedimentology and for theories sedimentary ore genesis or biometallogeny


Much traditional HCI research has concentrated on routine, well-defined and stable, tasks or low level computer support for complex tasks, e.g. spell-checking for someone writing a book. Increasingly, however, interest is moving to the support of people involved in creative tasks. This is the topic of the panel. Design and the visual arts will be used as typical examples of creative work and visions of computer futures and their cultural and social implications are explored.


Nowadays, the issue of burnout syndrome is relatively extensive and increasingly manifested. Although burnout syndrome can affect anyone, certain differences in its occurrence are noticeable, especially in personality traits, gender, or the character of work. This article aims to assess the signals of burnout syndrome and coping strategies in terms of gender. The main determinants of burnout syndrome are Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, and Personal Accomplishment and are included in the Maslach Burnout Inventory, consisting of twenty-two questions, separately dealing with mentioned individual determinants. The Brief Cope inventory, which outlines fourteen strategies about how to cope with stress, was used to find out which coping strategies entrepreneurs used in difficult situations. The research was carried on a representative sample of entrepreneurs (N = 113) in the Slovak Republic by online questionary. The result of the analysis reported the existence of statistically significant differences (p < .05) between determinants of burnout syndrome and coping strategies in terms of gender among entrepreneurs in the assessment of selected determinants. Entrepreneurs used mostly problem-focused coping strategies like Active coping and Planning, an emotion-focused coping strategy of Humor, a dysfunctional coping strategy of Venting to mitigate the influence of difficult situations. The research assumed the existence of positive differences between the assessment of determinants of burnout syndrome in terms of gender. The results reported a higher tendency of female entrepreneurs to be more often emotionally exhausted than males. Personal Accomplishment and Depersonalization did not report any statistically significant differences in terms of gender.


In this paper we model political risk for international capital budgeting as the value of a hypothetical insurance policy that pays the holder any and all losses arising from political events. We address three important aspects of political risk that are widely acknowledged in the literature but either missing or incomplete in existing mathematical models: 1) loss causing political events arise from a wide range of sources, which are often mutually dependent; 2) the effect of a political event in terms of actual losses can vary depending on the economic, social and political conditions when it occurs; 3) the composition and the importance of the individual sources of political risk can change over time. Thus, the multivariate nature and dependency of loss causing political events are modeled as a conditional Poisson process that allows for dependency between the increments of the counting process. To account for the random effect of a loss causing political event due to the evolution of economic, social and political conditions, we model the overall economic, social and political climate as a stochastic loss index that represents the expected size of the jump if a political event occurs. To account for changes in the composition and importance of the sources of political risk, we employ a Bayesian updating process whereby the distribution of the conditional Poisson process is updated in time as new information arrives. We then put these elements together and follow Clark (1997) to measure the total cost of political risk as the value of a hypothetical insurance policy that pays any and all losses generated by a political event. Finally, we show how the model can be implemented in practice.


Controller designing for various day to day practical processes has been a challenging task for designers. Several issues such as stability, steady state error, effect of parameter variations and speed etc. must be considered for designing a controller. In this communication, an arbitrarily underdamped second order plant is implemented which has highly oscillatory response. Then a PID controller is designed for improving the system stability. Further a fuzzy logic Controller is also designed for the same second order system and its result with PID controller is compared. Simulation of Fuzzy logic controller is done on MATLAB and for PID controller ORCAD PSPICE is used. Also hardware implementation of the system with PID controller is done using Op-Amp 741 IC.


The theoretical basis of the single breath method of estimating pulmonary diffusing capacity is re-examined and the mathematical analysis is extended to include the behaviour of an ideal model during inspiration and expiration. Equations derived, describing the changes of carbon-monoxide concentration in the alveolar gas during inspiration, breath holding and expiration, are consistent with data from experiments on a normal subject. The analysis is applied to the problem presented by the observation of Forster and co-workers using their modification of Krogh's single breath technique that the estimate of pulmonary diffusing capacity was dependent on experimental procedure, varying with length of breath holding, the time taken to inspire the test mixture and the manner in which the sample of alveolar gas was taken. The theoretical and experimental evidence presented shows that these anomalies can arise from aneglect of the effects of alveolar volume changes inescapably associated with the test and may be eliminated by a simple allowance for the times of inspiration of test gas and expiration of sample. Practical conclusions include the desirability of using small alveolar gas samples, collected as early as possible during expiration. A method is described in which 85-ml. samples are collected in evacuated tonometers. The relevance of the findings to the estimation of pulmonary capillary blood volume and the diffusing capacity of the pulmonary membrane is also discussed.


The microflora of the oral cavity plays a major role in the development of aphthous stomatitis. Therefore, the schemes of complex treatment of such patients necessarily include antimicrobial agents. The low effectiveness of the treatment of patients with aphthous stomatitis can be due to errors in the choice of the drug in the absence of information on the sensitivity of etiologically significant bacteria to antimicrobial agents. The aim of the work was to study the sensitivity of microorganisms isolated from the aphthae of patients with aphthous stomatitis to antimicrobial drugs. The determination was carried out using the disk-diffusion and serial dilutions of drugs in a liquid nutrient medium methods. Streptococci, which were most often isolated from the contents of aphthae, were sensitive to the vast majority of the studied drugs. Polyresistant to antibiotics were not found among the isolated strains of Staphylococcus aureus. The isolated strains of enterobacteria showed the highest (92.9%) level of sensitivity to the drug from a number of aminoglycosides, amikacin. 85.7% of the isolated strains were sensitive to amoxacillin protected by clavulanic acid. While only 21.4% of enterobacteria strains were sensitive to unprotected amoxacillin. A high level of sensitivity of the research strains of microorganisms to surface-active antiseptics chlorhexidine bigluconate, benzalkonium chloride and decamethoxine was found. Special attention was drawn to the high antimicrobial activity against microorganisms that take part in the development of aphthous stomatitis, an antiseptic from a number of quaternary ammonium compounds of decamethoxine. It is necessary to develop a new dosage form of the drug that would ensure a long-term stay of the antiseptic on the mucous membrane, which is constantly and abundantly washed with oral secretions.

Keywords: opportunistic bacteria, resistance to antibiotics and antiseptics, microflora of aphthous content.


We address an emerging technology that is applicable to biomedical digital imagery in general. We specifically address mammography as a first application. Researchers in every major university medical center and several national laboratories are experimenting with diagnostic methods in digital mammography that show promise for earlier detection. In most cases, these advanced methods are computationally intensive. Without the aid of advanced, real-time computing technology such methods are not suitable for a screening system. What is needed is a hardware and software combination that is capable of evaluating all of these promising methodologies. Theoretical studies at the Armament Directorate have shown that the high-speed computing technology being developed for smart weapons may be able to meet that challenge. The objective of this paper is to present the proposed hardware and software that seems appropriate for a computer aided mammography screening system, and its dual use military application.


Summary Planning, implementing, and systematic revision of conservation policies are necessary to protect the biodiversity of a territory. This is critical in countries heavily impacted by anthropogenic activities, like El Salvador, where conserving biodiversity remnants must be a priority. Monitoring indicator groups represents a feasible option to review the status of biodiversity and the processes taking place in the country's conservation areas. We evaluated the suitability of Scarabaeidae beetle functional groups as ecological indicators to detect differences in the conservation status of two protected areas in El Salvador. We conducted monthly sampling for one year at each site, using pitfall, aerial, and UV-light traps to capture beetles. We detected differences in species richness, abundance, species composition, and turnover between the two areas. The results suggest the possibility of using this approach to monitor protected areas, to estimate the forest conservation status, and to evaluate the conservation strategies implemented to date. For the future, it is essential to determine if this is possible by replicating studies throughout the territory using standardized methodologies to obtain comparable results. The cost–benefit ratio of using a single indicator group is key in countries like El Salvador, where the economic aspect is a limiting factor for biological prospecting.


This paper discusses the importance, from the viewpoint of judging quality, of: the end to be served by a standard of quality; the nature of the accepted binding force of the standard upon the acts of those interested in the standard; and the role of the judge of quality in shaping the standard in terms of natural law, authority, specification, custom, and precedent.


Objective To observe the behavior of Schwann cell migration and wrapping up of fibres during co-culture of Schwann cells with steroframe of PLA and PLGA fibres. Methods Schwann cells were mixed into 30% ECM gel and co-cultured with PLA non-spinning fibre steroframes and seeded on one ends of PLGA fibres which were treated with collagen,polylysine or ECM. The attachment,growth and migration of Schwann cells were observed under phase contrast microscope and laser scan confocus microscope. Results (1)When Schwann cells were co-cultured with PLA steroframes,most of the Schwann cells kept in the fibre holes and attached on PLA fibres to form Bungner band likd structures. (2)When co-cultured with PLGA fibers,Schwann cells could attach and migrate on PLGA fibres and the number of Schwann cells were obviously increased when PLGA fibres were treated by ECM. Conclusions (1)ECM gel colud promote Schwann cells attachment,growth and migration on PLA steroframes and PLGA fibers. (2)ECM gel is a good integrating substance for constructing tissue engineering bioartificial nerve.


Republicanism has had an ambiguous relationship with both democracy and constitutionalism. This chapter explores these relations to argue that a) republicanism is incompatible with a legal consitution and judicial review and b) that is favours competitive party democracy and majority rule on the grounds that these promote both political equality and a balance of power that guard against domination.


Innovation is one of the most important economic drivers in modern businesses. A market pull innovation lowers the launching costs of new products and services. Crowdsourcing imports external and internal knowledge to an organisation's innovation management more extensively. This multi-case study focuses on and analyses the utilisation of crowdsourcing in innovation management. This research utilises the four phase innovation management model: search, select, implement, and capture. This study contributes to understanding the crowdsourcing types which are utilised in innovation management. Its second contribution is the correlation analysis between crowdsourcing types in innovation management phases. Crowdsourcing utilisation in innovation management can support the production of innovations.


We explore some aspects of -symmetric Hamiltonians with two point interactions. We determine classes of point interactions for which the Hamiltonians are supersymmetric. We prove that these Hamiltonians are quasi-Hermitian and find a very simple formula for the metric operator Θ and its square root ϱ as well. Further, we present the quasi-Hermitian Hamiltonian (with one-point interaction) with a continuous spectrum.


How Learning Works: Seven Research-Based Principles for Smart Teaching by Susan A. Ambrose, Michael W. Bridges, Michele DiPietro, Marsha C. Lovett, and Marie K. Norman Ambrose, S. A., Bridges, M. W., DiPietro, M., Lovett, M. C., & Norman, M. K. (2010). How Learning Works: 7 Research-Based Principles for Smart Teaching. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.Book Review byDeanna K. CriddleIf teaching a class has ever lead you to have questions about your teaching methods, whether students are getting all they can from the material, or how best to address issues that are coming up in your class, then you are not alone. Much of the literature in education is devoted to answering these questions. In How Learning Works, Ambrose, Bridges, DiPietro, Lovett, and Norman, try to get to the heart of those questions and offer solutions in the form of classroom strategies. Their principles are guided in part by their definition of learning, which they present in the introduction to the book. They define learning as, "a process that leads to change, which occurs as a result of experience and increases the potential for improved performance and future learning," (Ambrose, Bridges, DiPietro, Lovett, & Norman, 2010, pg. 3). This definition is one that validates the experiences of adults as a meaningful process in education and directs learning towards becoming a self-directed, life-long learner, a goal many instructors have for their students.According to the introduction of this book, Ambrose et. al. intended to create a book that would provide a bridge between theory and practice. They argue that most texts are written to either convey theory through research, which may be written in a way that is inaccessible to many or are written in more accessible language and tone, but lack the research backed reasoning and theory behind the strategies that the book suggests. When instructors are left to interpret research into their own practices or left to wonder why a particular strategy works, something is clearly missing. How Learning Works is designed to provide both research behind their learning principles and strategies to implement in the classroom.In How Learning Works, the authors delve into seven principles for teaching. Each chapter name is a question that many educators have asked themselves such as, what factors motivate students to learn, and what kinds of practice and feedback enhance learning? The chapters have the same organizational structure where two example classroom scenarios are presented, each containing a problem. Then, the authors go on to explain how the problem relates to the principle at the heart of that chapter. The seven principles relate to prior knowledge; organization of knowledge; motivation; mastery development; practice and feedback; interaction with the course's social, emotional, and intellectual climate; and metacognition. The three chapters that stood out the most for me were those on prior knowledge, practice and feedback, and metacognition.The first chapter, on prior knowledge, begins with two examples of how student's prior knowledge can impact the classroom. In the first example, students possessed prior knowledge of statistical tests but were unable to apply them to new situations, while in the second example, students struggled with their prior knowledge creating a misconception due to the ways language differs in their everyday life compared to how it is used in psychology. Both examples represent how a student's prior knowledge can negatively impact their learning experience. The chapter then moves on to what research says about prior knowledge including, but not limited to, the importance of accurate prior knowledge, teaching the appropriate context for analogies, and activating prior knowledge that may supersede inappropriate prior knowledge. …


PURPOSE
The aim of our study was to perform a stability analysis of 4D PET-derived features in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) based on six different respiratory phases.

METHODS
The 4D FDG-PET/CT respiratory phases were labeled as T0%, T17%, T33%,T50%, T67%, T83% phases, with the T0% phase approximately corresponding to the normal end-inspiration. Lesions were manually delineated based on fused PET-CT, using a standardized clinical delineation protocol. Six texture parameters were analyzed.

RESULTS
Results showed that the majority of assessed features had a low stability such as Homogeneity (0.385-0.416), Dissimilarity (3.707-3.861), Angular two moments (0.013-0.019), Contrast (39.782-49.562), Entropy(4.683-5.002) and Inverse differential moment (0.317-0.362) on different respiratory phases.

CONCLUSION
This study suggest that further research of quantitative PET imaging features is warranted with respect to respiratory motion.


SYI]OPSiS TsuTsuMr, Toshio, N;sHITANi Yoshimitsu & Kmium, Yukio (Dept. For., Fac. Agri., Kyoto Univ., Kyoto). I983, The effeets of soil ferti]ity on the rate and nutrient e]ement concentrations oflitterfall in a forest, Jap. J, Ecol,, 33:313-322. Changes in the amounts and nutrient concentrations of litter fall in a forest in relation to soil fenility were studied. The results obtained in four 26-year-old ChamaecJzparis obtusa stands and in 19 plots of natural deciduous breadieaved forests, alI of which grew in different soil conditions,indicated that the production ofleafand total itterfa11 was positively correlated with soil feirtility when the annual increment ofstem velume of the stand or the mean height of the trees were used as an index of soil fertllity. The weighted annual rnean concentrations ofN and P efleafand total litterfall decreased with the decrease in soil fertility. There was no relationship between soil fertility and the cencentrations of Ca, Mg and K in the litterfall. The quantitative effects exerted by soil fertility on the rate and nutrient concentrations of litterfa11 could not be assessed using the present experirnental data. However, data showed that the ambunt ef nutrients contained in the litterfall decreased in the poor soil compared to the rich soil, particularly for N and P, due to the decrease in prodiuction and niltrient concentration of the Iitterfal],


Introduction: Since its international debut at the 2000 Olympic Games in Sydney, the growth in triathlon has reached an all-time high. In 2013 USA Triathlon reported a 5.5% increase in membership, from 165,698 to 174,787 marking the third highest growth percentage in the last five years (www.usatriathlon.org.) Triathlons consist of three consecutive sport disciplines, swimming, cycling and running. Triathletes must be in peak physical shape in order perform well in these events. Strength training provides the foundation for power and endurance for a triathlete's periodized training program. Objective: The purpose of this project was 1) to implement a strength training program to prepare college triathletes for the 2015 national collegiate triathlon championships at the Olympic distance (1.5k swim, 40k bike and 10k run) and 2) test learning gained in the Kinesiology major in a live setting. Design: Supervised, group instructed sessions conducted over 8 weeks, 1 time per week for 90 minutes. Setting: The project was completed in the Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, conducted in the department's strength and conditioning room. Training took place, Wednesday night from 5:30pm-7:00pm. Participants: The characteristics of the subjects was (N=5) healthy adult members of UIC's Cycling and Triathlon Club participated in an 8 week, single session sport specific periodized program. Members were aged 19-26 years; 3 males and 2 females. 4 of the 5 competed in triathlon. Training was supplemented by undocumented swim and run clinics led by students and coaches. Interventions: Using high intensity evidence based training modalities including the following methods: Tabata, power lifting, core strengthening and development and lower leg resistance training. Outcome measures: Data was collected using repeated measures evaluating upper body strength by one repetition maximum (1RM) bench-press and lower limb strength by 1RM back squat, using ACSM protocol (Williams and Wilkins 2013). Lower limb power was assessed using Vertical Jump Test, NSCA guidelines (Brown, 2007). A timed (3min.) field based test of muscle endurance using a weighted back squat. Members completed a 1.5mile run too. Specific measures were taken in the final 3 weeks of the program from squat and bench press activities. Results: Using the non-parametric Sight test, results showed improvements in 1-RM bench press with an average of 8 lbs.SD ±4 lbs., 1-RM back squat with an average increase of 39 lbs. SD ± 12.41 lbs.; increased repetitions of muscle endurance weighted back squat field test of an average of 2 repetitions, SD ± 2.9 repetitions. Four subjects completed vertical jump test with an average of -0.25 inches SD ± 0.83 inches. Four subjects participated in the 1.5 mile run time of an average increase in time of 0.73 sec. SD ± 0.57sec. Conclusions: The impact of this study included, but was not limited to 1) improvements in athletic performance suggested by the case findings (see Figures 1 and 4), 2) providing a service to a campus group provides a benefit to both parties, 3) establishing campus partnerships, 4) small groups helped supervision, instruction and testing, 5) communicating effectively in athlete-coach interactions supported by smaller group size, 6) demonstrating sport specific training competence  and 7) improvising implementation when group members did not attend training. The author achieved their objectives for the course requirement and the training experience was valuable. The limits of this project included a small sample size for evaluation; inconsistent athlete attendance; duration of study; definition of a training status survey may have hidden predictable improvement of untrained triathletes and injuries sustained to participants outside of the training session leading to drop out.


A previous publication was concerned with the average prolateness of nuclei [1]. With the same methods as there it is shown here that axial symmetry should be predominant in nuclei, which it is indeed. The tools for the proof are special collective and single particle coordinates. The nucleon-nucleus interaction is approximated by a shell model potential plus Nilsson coupling; strong coupling is used. The minimum of the total energy is found for axial symmetry.


Unsecure landfill areas are contributors of soil, air and water pollution around the site. Beside that green house gases (GHG) emission from landfill areas is concern to the global warming. In the present study the methane and nitrous oxide were analysed in Ghazipur landfill area of Delhi. The Ghazipur landfill area is one of the biggest and oldest landfill areas of Delhi. The municipal solid waste is indiscriminately disposed here since last 30 years and the landfill area has become mountain of waste. Landfill mining is process of recovering valuable recyclable materials, which have previously been landfilled. This landfill area is being converted into waste to energy plant, where garbage will be mined to convert into refuse derive fuel (RDF) to be used for energy generation and the ten acre of landfill area is given to Gas Authority of India (GAI) for mining methane and other gases to be used as fuel. The field experiment was also done to estimate methane and nitrous oxide emission from landfill areas of Ghazipur and the range of methane emission flux was 18 mg/m 2 /h lowest in winter sample and highest 264 mg/m 2 /h in summer sample. The range of nitrous oxide emission was estimated as 230-1730 μg/m 2 /h, if the extraction rate and calorific value of emitted gas is


Establish the finite element model for high precision grinding machine which takes joint surface into consideration and then carrys out the static and dynamic analysis of the grinder. After the static analysis, modal analysis and harmonic response analysis, the displacement deformation, stress, natural frequency and vibration mode could be found, which also helps find the weak links out. The improvement scheme which aims to increase the stiffness and precision of the whole machine has proposed to efficiently optimize the grinder. And the first natural frequency of the optimized grinder has increased by 68.19%.


Blast furnace material is the basis of iron making.The material ratio calculation is an important factor on blast furnace production.On the theory basis of material balancing calculation,combining with computer application software,a feasible software system for calculation blast furnace material ratio is established in this paper.The automation of material ratio calculation for iron making would come into reality by this system.