This paper is a broad survey of epidemiologic studies in child psychiatry in the United Kingdom. Overlaps between conduct disorders and specific reading retardation and between neuroepileptic and emotional or behavioral difficulties are reported. A higher rate of deviance was found to exist in children living in London compared to those on the Isle of Wight. No clear-cut association between social class and emotional or behavioral difficulties was found. Conduct disorders had a poorer prognosis than emotional disorders. The level of emotional and behavioral disturbances of children, rather than economic criteria alone, is an important measure of social progress. The nature of epidemiologic inquiry has been described by Lilien- feld (1966) as the study of the distribution of diseases in space and time, and of the factors that influence this distribution. In psychia- try we tend to use terms like "psychological problems" rather than "disease" or "disorder," but the epidemiologic approach is basically the same as, for example, that which might be used in the study of infectious disease such as tuberculosis. The aims of studying psychological problems in childhood as they occur in groups of people in the population rather than in in- dividuals or clinic cases are various. Obviously, incidence and prev- alence data are of some value to those planning services, although no service provision can be planned merely on the basis of knowl- edge of the frequency with which disorders or problems exist, but such information can be of use, for example, in relating amount of service provision to rates of disorder in different areas. Those of us involved in such work have been at least equally interested in the Dr. Graham is Walker Professor of Child Psychiatry, Institute of Child Health, UniversiQ of London. Modijied from a paper presented as part of the Abramson Symposium at the Annual Meeting of the Reprints may be requested from the author at the Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick


We have developed a method for DC-motor control by PLL (Phase Locked Loop) implemented in software. PLL is a technique of electronic circuits which generates a signal identical with a reference signal. Usually it consists of a voltage controlled oscillator,a phase detector,and a low-pass filter. Rotation of a DC-motor is picked up by an optical interrupter. As a motor generates a signal controlled by a voltage applied, the motor works as the voltage controlled oscillator. The generated signal is compared with a reference signal by the phase detector and PWM-pulses are generated to drive the motor. All functions of PLL-components except a voltage controlled oscillator are realized not by electronic circuits but by softwares of a micro processor.


Although Abstinence-Only-Until-Marriage programs have proven ineffective in reducing teenage pregnancy rates and the spread of STDs, thirteen states in the U.S still stress abstinence in their sexual education curricula. This in turn has created a big debate over what sexual education in public schools should contain. This paper intends to determine whether the arguments proposed by three advocacy groups for Abstinence-Only-Until-Marriage can justify the teaching of the programs in public schools. The advocacy groups have been chosen because of their frequent participation in the debate, and because they bring the controversial issue of religion in sexual education into it. By using Ludvig Beckman's methodology of a critical analysis of ideas it has been possible to test the logical validity, empirical strength, and normative plausibility of the three chosen arguments. The results of the analysis show that most of the arguments are logically valid; however, many of them lack empirical support, and cannot be considered normatively plausible. Therefore, the three arguments should not be taken into account in the formation of new and effective sexual education policies.


Analysis, Design, and Implementation Strategy for Mandjur Store Information System - Information systems, use case, inventory, stock, transaction, record, items, medicine


The uniformity of polymer melt flow in micro extrusion die determines the quality of products directly. It is the base of extrusion die design. According to rheology testing theory and with the help of capillary rheometer, the reasonable extrusion parameters have been achieved. The comparative micro scale viscosity model is built based on Kelvin-Voigt constitutive equation and the wall slip model is built based on Navier slip law. The extrusion of double-lumen is taken for example. By use of both numerical simulation and orthogonal experiment, the effects of main structure parameters on flow uniformity are studied. The conclusions show that shunting angle affects the uniformity most, then length of center stereotyping part, compression angle and compression ratio. Meanwhile, the best lumen structure parameters are determined. After that, double-lumen catheter die is fabricated by precision machining technology. The results of experiment validate the correctness and validity of numerical simulation for polymer micro extrusion flow.


Online communication technology makes intercultural communication faster and more direct than was ever before possible, but, in doing so, it may also amplify cultural rhetorical differences. Communication scholars, therefore, need to begin examining potential areas of conflict in international cyberspace to anticipate and to resolve potential cross-cultural misunderstandings related to online exchanges. This commentary proposes that researchers need to compare the communication patterns noted in the computermediated communication (CMC) literature and in the intercultural communication literature to see where these communication patterns collide.


This article describes how Air New Zealand's (ANZ's) CEO Rob Fyfe is shaking up management relations at the airline. In 2001, ANZ nearly went out of business but was revived by former CEO Ralph Norris. Fyfe took over in 2005 and, like his predecessor, he has revived morale among staff by having executives work side-by-side with them on a regular basis. That includes encouraging staff to take individual initiative in designing hotel flyers and selling seats, to inviting stranded passengers home to spend the night when a member of the party became ill. The author states that the airline, once on its deathbed, has become the carrier of first choice almost wherever it operates and profits are soaring.


Impulsive noise (IN) and Doppler shift can significantly degrade the performance of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)-based underwater acoustic (UWA) communication systems. In this paper, we propose a receiver structure that deals efficiently with both these channel impairments in a coded OFDM-based UWA system. First, an analog nonlinear preprocessor (ANP) is proposed to efficiently detect and mitigate IN in an analog domain. The proposed ANP exhibits intermittent nonlinearity when there is impulsivity. Next, the impact of IN on a two-step Doppler shift compensation approach is quantified. Specifically, the ability of the ANP to improve the robustness of Doppler shift compensation in the presence of IN is highlighted. The performance improvement of the proposed receiver is due to the fact that unlike the other nonlinear methods, the ANP is implemented in the analog domain where the outliers are still broadband and distinguishable. The simulation results also demonstrate the superior bit-error-rate (BER) performance of our approach relative to classic approaches that use blanking and/or clipping for IN mitigation.


The present study refers to the effect of metal pollution on diatoms by describing a new form of teratology. The samples were collected in the Abrud River, located in a mining area from Romania, where an unreported type of deformity is observed in the diatoms Achnanthidium sp. pl. This kind of teratology has been found in the 20.5% of individuals of the population and affects the cingulum, in particular to the valvocopula, by becoming markedly undulate.


Snow and glaciers form a major source of fresh water for sustenance of millions of people in the Hindu Kush, Karakoram and Himalaya (HKH) region. The meltwater supplies are highly vulnerable to changing climate which may affect irrigated agriculture, livelihoods and natural ecosystems in the region. In the present study, a correlation between ice-melt runoff, glacier area and mean temperature was developed and applied to assess glacier-melt runoff using lapse rates of temperature (LRT) in 10 river basins of the HKH ranges of Pakistan. The LRT of ablation period was determined about –0.39°C/100 m in the Hindu Kush, –0.67°C/100 m in the Karakoram and –0.59°C/100 m in the Himalayas. Maximum ice-melt runoff was estimated from 4500–5000 m in seven basins, whereas it was maximum from 5000–5500 m elevation range in two basins. In Jhelum basin, the runoff was found maximum from 4000–4500 m elevation range. Overall, about 28.3% of the glacier-melt appears to generate from 5000–5500 m and 27.8% from 4500–5000 m elevation range in all three HKH ranges. However, thorough glacio-hydrological studies are essential in context of possible changes in climate and land use for effective water resource management in this region in future.


Information regarding the functional activity of the eighth cranial nerve and its end organs is often required both for otologic and for neurologic diagnosis. In the case of the cochlear division this information is easily obtained, since the application of tuning fork tests is simple and their significance is generally known. Moreover, by means of the audiometer a graphic record can be obtained which is always available for comparison and which can be universally read and appreciated. With the vestibular division the case is very different. While all otologists are familiar with the principles of the Barany tests of vestibular function, there is a remarkable lack of unanimity as to their value and the precise method of their application. Some rely chiefly on the turning test; others, on the cold caloric. In the performance of the latter, there are almost as many variations as there are testers. Out of such


Friedreich ataxia (FA) is the most common ataxia and results from an expanded GAA repeat in the first intron of FXN. This leads to epigenetic modifications and reduced frataxin. We investigated the relationships between genetic, epigenetic, and clinical parameters in a large case–control study of FA.


ABSTRACT Rare-earth aluminate (ReAlO3, Re = La, Gd, Nd, Y) powders were successfully synthesized from a mixture of Re2O3 (Re = La, Gd, Nd, Y) and Al2O3 powders using microwave assisted synthesis which consists of two steps: microwave heat treatment and high-energy milling process. X-ray diffraction, laser particle size analyzer, nitrogen adsorption technique (BET) and scanning electron microscopy were employed to study the phase composition, particle size and distribution, specific surface area and powder morphology. The results suggest that microwave assisted method led to a very rapid synthesis of ReAlO3 compared to conventional solid-state reaction process. The crystals produced by microwave assisted synthesis have a perovskite structure and the particle size distribution ranges from 3.6-51.5 µm. The present work demonstrates that rare-earth aluminates (ReAlO3) produced via microwave assisted synthesis have good powder flowability and is an ideal material for thermal spray coating process. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


FIELD: ultrawideband. SUBSTANCE: one of versions is designed so that it makes possible to transmit ultrawideband signal set through common-accessed television network. Invention allows ultrawideband signal transmission through optical network, cable television network, television network of block antenna access, common-accessed television network, hybrid television network of fiber-optic/coaxial cable, network of Internet provider and common-accessed switched telephone network. EFFECT: bandwidth expansion. 53 cl, 4 dwg


In DNA binding-deficient mutants of Bacillus subtilis a competence-specific protein with a subunit molecular weight of 18,000 was absent. The native protein containing this subunit was purified from B. subtilis membranes by chromatography on hydroxyapatite, DEAE-cellulose, and Sephacryl S-200. This protein appeared to be complexed with a second protein of slightly lower molecular weight (17,000) and a different isoelectric point. The native protein complex (apparent molecular weight, 75,000) contained approximately equal amounts of the two polypeptides and showed a strong DNA-binding activity. Incubation of the complex with plasmid and bacteriophage DNA revealed nuclease activity, specifically directed toward double-stranded DNA. Predominantly single-stranded nicks and a limited number of double-stranded breaks were introduced in the presence of Mg2+ ions. In the presence of Mn2+ ions the complex produced low-molecular-weight breakdown products from the DNA.


1. The State, in the exercise of its duty as guardian of the privileges and of the rights of its citizens, and, as well, charged with the duty of affording protection against conditions which are harmful to its social integrity, has the right to enact laws which will prevent the perpetuation of criminality and of dengeneracy by inhibiting procreation in the confirmed criminal and in the defective subject. 2. The confirmed criminal and the defective subject may be rightfully regarded as in a state of disease, mental, moral and physical, and therefore, the legitimate subjects for medical and surgical treatment. 3. Extended experience on the part of competent students of criminalogy and sociology, confirms the opinion that neither education nor punitive measures are effective in restoring the criminal and defective subject to normal conditions. 4. As heredity is conceded to be an important factor in the perpetuation of criminality and degeneracy, through the power of procreation, the fundamental treatment of these conditions consists in the abrogation of this power. 5. Experience teaches that in many of the criminal and defective subjects inverted or perverted sexual desires and practices are the dominating factors of their disordered conditions. In such subjects remedial and curative results can only be obtained by depriving them, through the chosen surgical procedure, of the sexual power. 6. That the testes and ovary produce an internal secretion which is necessary to the normal functioning of the body tissues has been demonstrated. It is believed that after cord or tube ligature sufficient blood supply, through the collateral circulation which is established, is distributed to these organs to maintain this secretion. 7. Surgical procedures instituted for the prevention of procreation in the confirmed criminal, pervert, degenerate, idiot, imbecile, epileptic and vicious insane should not be regarded as a method of punishment, but as a remedial measure, the sole objects of which are the betterment of the human race, through the arrest of the continually flowing stream of degeneracy and the mental, moral, and physical improvement of the defective subject.


We obtained a 15 m drill core from Deukryang Bay on the southwest coast of Korea, which is now an area of reclaimed land used for agriculture. We investigated changes in the depositional environment and hydrological climate responses to sea level changes using sedimentary facies, radiocarbon ages, grain-size analysis, total organic carbon (TOC), total sulfur (TS), and stable carbon isotopes (δ13C). Sediment deposition began at 12,000 cal yr BP and was divided into four stages based on changes from fluvial to intertidal environments related to Holocene marine transgression events. Stage 1 (>10,000 cal yr BP) is represented by fluvial sediments; Stage 2 (10,000–7080 cal yr BP) is represented by the deposition of mud facies in an intertidal zone in response to sea level rise; Stage 3 (7080–3300 cal yr BP) was a period of gradually descending sea level following the Holocene maximum sea level and is characterized by gradual changes in TOC, TS, and C/S ratios compared with the mud facies of Stage 2. Stage 4 (3300 to present) was deposited in a supratidal zone and contains low TS and an abundance of TOC. Based on our TS and C/S ratio results, the south coast of Korea was mainly affected by sea level rise between 7000 and 3000 cal yr BP, during the middle Holocene. At 3000 cal yr BP, sea level began to stabilize or gradually decrease. In addition, changes in δ13C values are clearly observed since ca. 5000 cal yr BP, in particular, large hydrological changes via freshwater input are confirmed in 4000–3000 cal yr BP. We consider these shifts in freshwater input indicators of an increased influence of El Niño and La Niña conditions, related to the weakening of the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) and changes in sea surface temperature (SST) of the Western Pacific Ocean during the middle Holocene climatic optimum (between 7800 and 5000 cal yr BP). The cooling periods of SST in East Asia between 8400 and 6600 cal yr BP reported from the west coast of Korea are related closely to changes in vegetation (as evidenced by δ13C) from 7700 cal yrs BP to the present in the southwest coast of Korea. We interpret the freshwater input events at 4000–3000 cal yr BP to be related to changes in SST in response to the weakening of the EASM on the southwest coast of Korea. However, additional research is needed to study the southward migration effect of the westerly jet related to SST and atmospheric circulation controlling terrestrial climate in the middle Holocene.


A study has been made of aging characteristics of Al-Zn-Mg alloy welds.The parent metal contained Al-4.1% Zn-1.6% Mg-0.3% Mn and the filler metals were 5056, 5356 alloys and parent metal fillers.All of the weldments could make almost the maximum recovery of strength in 90 days of nutural aging after welding. The weld strength, however, difinitely depended on welding processes, filler metals and previous heat treatments of parent metal. All of the undressed TIG and MIG-welds of 2 mm thick plate fractured at the heat-affected-zone when they were tensile-tested after natural aging of 90 days. The undressed TIG-welds of 5 mm thick plate fractured at the heat-affected-zone when they were tensiletested after natural aging of 90 days, but the dressed TIG-welds and all of the MIG-welds fractured at the weld metal.The strength of welds depends on the structure of heat-affected-zone and the aging characteristics of weld metal. The former is affected by the reversion of G-P zone and the growth of M' particles during welding, and the latter by the chemical composition of weld metal.


Chloroperoxidase(CPO) is a kind of chiral catalyst which has extensive catalytic activities for various substrates.It can be used for catalyzing the peroxidation of halogen ion,aromatic hydrocarbons,alcohols ect.In this paper,phenol was applied as study object to investigate the promotion effect of CPO on phenol biodegradation.The results show that the biodegradation of phenol was greatly improved with the existence of CPO.The optimal catalyzing conditions were CPO 10 U/mL,pH 6.5,H2O2 dosage of 10 mg/L and biodegrading for 8 h.When the initial concentration of phenol was 500,1 000 mg/L,biodegradation rate of phenol was 86.6% and 83.8% respectively under these optimal conditions.The conclusions indicated that CPO could quickly remove the phenol in environment and improve the phenol biodegradation efficiency significantly.


The article dwells on the theoretical issues of modernization of the Russian economy in the postcrisis stage of its development and its transition to innovative development. The author considered the various approaches to the definition of innovation in the economic literature the U.S. and Europe, defines the main tendencies of the development of innovation in the economy of the United States and Europe, reveals the economic content of the concept of "innovation" based on the theory of clusters by American economist, professor of Harvard University M.Porter and on the concept of cluster by Austrian economist J.Shumpeter. On the basis of their scientific views the author suggests his own dual methodological approach to the definition of innovation: cluster as a state (point approach), and cluster as a continuous process of changes and updates. Key-Words: Modernization, Innovation, Cluster, National Innovative System


Foreword Preface List of Editors and Contributors Acronyms and Abbreviations Introduction: What Do We Know about Urban Land Markets? Part I. Land Markets, Regulation, and Welfare 1. Government Land Use Interventions: An Economic Analysis 2. The Effect of Residential Land Market Regulations on Urban Welfare 3. Land Use Regulation: Transferring Lessons from Developed Economies 4. Making Urban Land Markets Work Better in South African Cities and Towns: Arguing the Basis for Access by the Poor Part II. Land Market Policies and the Urban Poor 5. The Formalization of Urban Land Tenure in Developing Countries 6. Social and Economic Impacts of Land Titling Programs in Urban and Periurban Areas: A Short Review of the Literature 7. Informal Neighborhoods in the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Region: Understanding the Effects of Land Regulation on the Welfare of the Poor 8. Informal Rental Markets: The Low-Quality, High-Price Puzzle in Nairobi's Slums 9. Assessing Benefits of Slum Upgrading Programs in Second-Best Settings 10. Housing Demand, Tenure Choice, and Housing Policy in Brazil 11. Housing Conditions and Income Distribution: Evidence from Sao Paulo Part III. Public Land Management 12. Does Public Ownership and Management of Land Matter for Land Market Outcomes? 13. Taking Land around the World: International Trends in Expropriation for Urban and Infrastructure Projects 14. Guiding Spatial Changes: Singapore Urban Planning 15. Aid, Density, and Urban Form: Anticipating Dakar Index


In Software Communication Architecture(SCA),Modem Hardware Abstract Layer(MHAL) standard is not adapted to component dynamic deployment on Specialized Hardware Processor(SHP).In order to solve the problem,this paper proposes a SHP component dynamic deployment scheme based on SCA.It introduces the MHAL communication mechanism,and designs hardware assembly descriptor and hardware component descriptor.Based on of all of this,a kind of dynamic deployment solution of SHP component is proposed.Analysis results show that this scheme offers the independence between software and hardware in period of waveform development and deployment,and enhances the compatibility of SCA for SHP.


The energy drinks have undergone exponential hikes over the last years worldwide, in adults, youth, and even children. Among its components can be found: caffeine, guarana, taurine, ging-Seng, L-carnitine, creatinine or glucuronolactone, citric acid and phosphoric acid, among others. A responsible and occasional consumption should not pose major problems, but this is not the case. The medical effects are usually caused by their abuse, like: headaches, palpitations, insomnia, sweating, abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea, gastroesophageal reflux, facial numbness, bloating, tremor, diarrhea and even addiction, among others. While in the dental level, specifically on the dental enamel, the most severe impact is the erosion and the lesser impact is tooth staining, which has not yet been fully investigated, also have been described the development of hypersensitivity. A timely prevention and diagnosis are essential to minimize the damage caused by prolonged use of these products. It is essential to avoid a possible trend or "fad" associated with mixing energy drinks and alcohol and even drugs, of which they are not fully known the possible risks that could potentially cause. Due to its exponential growth it is essential to have an updated knowledge about the consumption of these beverages. The high consumption of energy drinks maintained over time is associated with negative effects at the medical and dental level. Further research is necessary to prevent, treat and rehabilitate the consequences produced by the consumption of these products.


A bottle connector (1) for use in a medical fluid transfer arrangement, the bottle connector (1) having an axial direction (A) and a radial direction (R) and comprising a first part (2) and a second part (3), the first part (2) comprising a hollow piercing member (9) comprising an inner gas channel (16) and extending in the axial direction (A) beyond the end (5) of the first part (2). The second part (3) comprises a bottle coupling member (35, 36), for coupling the bottle connector (1) to a medical bottle (41). The first and second parts (2, 3) are pre-connected and are concentrically arranged with respect to each other and the bottle connector (1 ) has a transport configuration with a first, maximum length (L1) in which the piercing member (9) is completely located within the bottle connector (1), and a fluid transfer configuration with a second, minimum length (L2).


The ribosomal DNA of the parasitic protozoan Entamoeba histolytica is organized in palindromic repeats, located in multicopy extrachromosomal circular elements (1). In almost all eukaryotic organisms, the gene encoding the 5.8S rRNA is flanked by two internal transcribed spacers (ITS) which are conserved intra- but not interespecifically. We investigated the extent of sequence divergence between a pathogenic strain and a non-pathogenic strain of E.histolytica. Using PCR cloning, we analyzed the sequences between the 3' end of the 17S rDNA (Sogin, personal communication) and the 5' end ofthe 25S rDNA reported by Huber et al. (1989) (1). We sequenced the 17S-25S intergenic region and identified a 5.8S ribosomal RNA surrounded by two ITS. Most of the divergent sequences are located within ITS2 (Figure 1). Alignments against the GenBank


The study focused on environmental reporting and corporate performance with particular reference to listed oil and gas companies in Nigeria. The study adopted the ex-post facto design and data was sourced from the published financial reports of 6 listed oil and gas companies out of the 12 quoted oil and gas companies. Ordinary least square was used in analyzing the data using Minitab 17. The findings revealed that environmental protection, development and safety cost has a negative but significant relationship with ROA. More also, environmental protection, development and safety cost showed a negative and insignificant relation with EPS. The study recommends that oil firms should provide comprehensive reports of their environmental involvement and also government and stakeholders should be concern and mandate compliance to standards regulating and mandating firms to report environmental accounting satisfactorily.


Proof. We first prove the Theorem when ALG is deterministic. Let A be a q-bounded adversary that performs a successful attack on ALG with respect to (T,m, ✏, 1/2,) (as per Definition 5). We will show that q is lower-bounded by the value from the statement of the Theorem. The behavior of A can be represented as a binary tree T where each non-leaf vertex v 2 T contains a query point xv 2 Rd and each leaf l 2 T contains an ✏-perturbation pl : Rd ! Rd. Then A works as follows: it starts in the root r of T and queries the vertex xr. Depending on f(xr) ? = 1 it proceeds left or right. It continues in this manner, querying the points stored in the visited vertices until it reaches a leaf l. At the leaf it outputs the perturbation function pl. Let us partition all possible data sets S 2 (Rd)m depending on which leaf is reached by A when interacting with ALG(S). Let l1, . . . , ln be the leaves of T and C1, . . . , Cn ✓ (Rd)m be the respective families of data sets that end up in the corresponding leaves. Let Z := {S 2 (Rd)m : A succeeds on S}. By assumption A is guaranteed to succeed with probability 1 , so PS⇠Dm [S 2 Z] 1 . (2)


This document is an output of a project funded by the German Federal Environment Ministry's Advisory Assistance Programme (AAP) for environmental protection in the countries of Central and Eastern Eu‐ rope, the Caucasus and Central Asia and other countries neighbouring the European Union. The project was supervised by the German Federal Environment Ministry and by the German Environment Agency. The responsibility for the content of this document lies with the authors. Energy-Efficient Redevelopment of Urban Areas in Lithuania (Project No. 54254)


A method for ultrasonically measuring the depth of penetration resulting from the detonation of aluminum linear-shaped charge (ALSC) into an aluminum target is described. The technique succeeds in determining the extent of jet penetration with exceptional accuracy and requires substantially less time to acquire the data than prior methods. Statistically, the greater number of points used to characterize the groove profile ultrasonically is superior to the measuring methods previously employed. These advantages suggest that the ultrasonic technique may potentially replace the laborious procedures currently used to measure jet penetration from ALSC detonation.


In order to raise the automatic administration level of the thermo-eletric plant.The paper puts forward the design of caloric net monitoring system based on SMS,wich realized the wireless data transferring by the method of SMS through the GSM net.It gives the general framework,introduces the working principle of the system and the design of the communications protocol,and gives the design method of software of the monitoring center.


Abstract : Our project was designed to identify more precise and objective, performance-based measures of the Broader Autism Phenotype (BAP). In particular, we focused on the social communication difficulties commonly experienced by people with the BAP using sophisticated techniques that we developed to capture the acoustic properties of speech important for emotional expression. We have investigated this issue in detail in individuals with and without the BAP using a range of tasks measuring skills important in emotional and social interactions. This project also maps the brain systems that underpin social communication in the BAP by using state-of-the-art brain imaging techniques that measure brain structure and function. Our study design included linking these behavioral and brain findings to gain a more complete understanding of the BAP. To achieve the study aims, we developed a novel neuroimaging protocol to measure the brain systems that underpin social communication in the BAP, as well as an interactive, web-based computer program designed for efficient collection of behavioral data, including capture of the acoustic properties of speech important for emotional expression. Using these new protocols (Experiments 1 & 2), we have successfully collected data for project participants, the methodology and results of which are presented in this report. Final data analyses for Experiments 1 and 2 are currently underway, with published outcomes expected within the next 12 months. Of particular note, our functional neuroimaging data shows associations between vocal emotion processing and neuronal activation within the mirror neuron and limbic systems, in accordance with our research hypotheses. These findings have important implications for understanding social communication difficulties in the BAP.


Charles R. Menzies, People of the Saltwater: An Ethnography of Git lax m'oon. Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press, 2016.198 pages. ISBN 9780803288089. $45.00 USD hardcover.This book is an ethnography of Git lax m'oon, the people of the saltwater, also known as Gitxaala. They are an ancient Indigenous people of the northwestern coast of North America whose oral histories reach all the way back to the ice age. Since that time, Gitxaaia have lived within their laxyuup (territory) where "we have welcomed newcomers, repulsed invaders, and enjoyed the beautiful place that is our home" (1).Throughout the book, the author situates himself as both a member of the Gitxaaia nation and as an anthropologist doing research with and on behalf of the Gitxaaia people. As he writes, "who I am shapes what I do" (6). This is a different position than "giving back" - it means doing research for Gitxaaia on topics important to them: resource use, management, and harvesting. To do this, Menzies draws on multiple sources of information including oral history, archaeology, archival sources, and the landscape itself in a decolonial methodology rooted in Indigenous perspective. Indeed, throughout the book his narrative tacks between research and personal experience in Gitxaaia territory, from a young boy marvelling at an old stone fish trap to an adult researcher leading archaeological and oral history work at important sites.The book is organized into two parts. The first part outlines the "foundation of being Gitxaaia: names, governance, place, and history" (5). Each of the four opening chapters analyzes one of these social foundations in terms of continuity and change through the disruptions of colonialism and the industrial capitalist economy. Chapter 1 "tells the story of Gitxaaia from a perspective situated within the Gitxaaia world." (25). Here the Gitxaaia are called by their own name, not one chosen by outsiders. Gitxaaia values and practices are explained by Gitxaaia people. And throughout the text, Gitxaaia words are used instead of English ones. Chapter 2 explains smgigyet (hereditary leadership) and the core principles of governance. Chapter 3 is about the enduring importance "of place and territory in the modern Gitxaaia identity and way of life" (47). Indeed, "political leadership and social organization are intimately linked to place, to the laxyuup of Gitxaaia" (8). Chapter 4 is about adaawx (history) and how Gitxaaia historical knowledge is transmitted within and between generations. Key to this is the importance of learning while being in place. In a Gitxaaia approach one leams by traveling through and to places and participating in activities there. As one hereditary leader said, "telling the story on the spot. Telling adaawx on the spot. It brings the memories back" (81).The second part of the book shows how these "cultural practices of being Gitxaaia are enacted in the harvesting and processing of Gitxaaia's own foods" (85). Chapter 5 is an overview of fisheries and natural resource harvesting as a critical core of cultural and economic practices of Gitxaaia. Theirs was never a subsistence fishery - systems of rank and prestige depended on the ability to harvest surpluses and trade or gift that surplus. Menzies also writes about the transformation of Gitxaaia fisheries since the arrival of K'amksiwah (white people) and subsequent participation in the capitalist economy (87). …


Al-Anon members (n = 20) were interviewed to investigate the association between communication and the helping mechanisms of Al-Anon. The research material was thematically analyzed and resulted in six mechanisms of supportive communication (sense of belonging, seeing oneself in relation to others, experiencing self-efficacy, developing a new story, moving the attention to oneself, and finding building blocks of recovery) that operated at two levels of supportive communication: content and relationships. These results provide an outlook on the communication that produces helping mechanisms in mutual-support groups.


7543 Background: AUY922 is a highly potent, non-geldanamycin, HSP90 inhibitor. A Phase I study in advanced solid tumors provided a recommended Phase II dose of 70 mg/m2. HSP90 acts as a chaperone of client proteins, including those relevant in NSCLC pathogenesis. This Phase II study assessed AUY922 in pts with previously treated advanced NSCLC stratified by molecular status. Methods: Pts with advanced NSCLC who progressed following ≥2 prior lines of chemotherapy, received AUY922 70 mg/m2 as a 1-hr infusion once-weekly. Pts were assigned to 4 strata: EGFR activating mutations (EGFR mut), KRAS mut, ALK rearranged (ALK+), or EGFR/KRAS/ALK wild type (wt). Phase II Bayesian hypothesis testing design allowed sharing of information between strata based on assessing similarity in observed response data. Primary endpoint was confirmed (RECIST) objective response rate (ORR) or stable disease (SD) at 18 wks. Secondary endpoints included OS, PFS, and safety/tolerability. Results: A total of 112 pts (median age 60 yea...


Most of the articles deal exclusively with synchrony. An interesting exception is "Histoire d'une norme: emploi des pronoms 'lui', 'eux', 'elle(s)', 'en', ' y ' " (pp. 114-126). Here Pinchon shows how a tendancy to use lui, eux and elle with reference to animates and en and y with reference to inanimates was made into a rule by grammarians of the 17th century — a rule that continues into normative grammars of today, but one that is often at odds with the facts. Pinchon stresses the role of analogy in spreading the use of the preverbal clitics (en and y) at the expense of the tonic pronouns (de lui, a lui), producing "un systeme equilibre ou le parallelisme formel l'emporte sur l'opposition de classe" (p. 125). Many of the articles in this volume would make useful reading for an undergraduate or graduate course in French morphosyntax (although imposing the entire volume on undergraduates would surely be too much).


The recovery of drill core from a section of upper amphibolite facies terrane located in the Inner Piedmont of South Carolina provides a rare opportunity to study in detail the seismic character of rocks which were once part of the deep continental crust. Seismic reflection profiles over the Inner Piedmont in the vicinity of the drill hole reveal subhorizontal high-amplitude reflections. The origin of these reflections has been investigated by measuring compressional wave velocities as a function of confining pressure and densities in 150 samples obtained from 305 m of drill core. Synthetic seismograms generated from the velocity and density measurements demonstrate that reflections originate from subhorizontal metamotphic layering, probably originating from lower crustal ductile flow. Fine tuning of the metamotphic layering, which is temperature and pressure related, can produce bright spots in the deep crust. Anisotropy, resulting from preferred mineral orientation, is another important propeny of this sectim. Velocities are low for vertical wave propagatim, whereas horizontal velocities are relatively high. Horizontal velocities show mly a slight variatim with azimuth, which is unlikely to be detected using standard refractim techniques. Reflectivity decreases with increasing anisotropy. Critical to this study has been the continuous coring of a major section of high-grade metamotphic terrane, which has provided the necessary stratigraphic and lithologic cmtrol for the generation of accurate synthetic seismograms.


There was a misstatement in the abstract of our article "Excipients and additives: hidden hazards in drug products and in product substitution" (Can Med Assoc J 1984; 131: 1449-1452). In the sentence beginning "For example, the United States has legislation requiring complete labelling of all food, drugs and cosmetics that incorporate more than one ingredient" the word "some"V should be substituted for the word "all". US regulations require that the presence of tartrazine and a few other excipients and additives be indicated on the label, but they do not require that all possible excipients and additives be listed there. The Health Protection Branch of the Department of National Health and Welfare reviewed its policy on tartrazine in Information Letter #634 (Sept. 10, 1982). It concluded that "colouring agents in drugs should not present a hazard to health and that their concentration should be kept to the minimum for purposes of product identification". It also stated that "manufacturers are [being] asked to make a declaration of the presence of tartrazine in their products to the C.Ph.A.", which would then be published in the "Compendium of Pharmaceuticals and Specialties". For the manufacturer of a new drug or proprietary medicine to obtain an "identification number" Canadian drug regulations require that all submissions contain a quantitative list of ingredients, including colouring agents. Although such information is regarded as confidential, the Health Protection Branch has been instrumental in bringing the consumer-physician and the manufacturer together in difficult cases.


Competitive cognition dynamics are widespread in modern society, especially with the rise of information-technology ecosystem. While previous works mainly focus on internal interactions among individuals, the impacts of the external public opinion environment remain unknown. Here, we propose a heuristic model based on co-evolutionary game theory to study the feedback-evolving dynamics of competitive cognitions and the environment. First, we show co-evolutionary trajectories of strategy-environment system under all possible circumstances. Of particular interest, we unveil the detailed dynamical patterns under the existence of an interior saddle point. In this situation, two stable states coexist in the system and both cognitions have a chance to win. We highlight the emergence of bifurcation phenomena, indicating that the final evolutionary outcome is sensitive to initial conditions. Further, the attraction basins of two stable states are not only influenced by the position of the interior saddle point but also affected by the relative speed of environmental feedbacks.


Delamination is the most commonly observed failure mode in composite rotorcraft dynamic components. Although delamination may not cause immediate failure of the composite part, it often precipitates component repair or replacement, which inhibits fleet readiness, and results in increased life cycle costs. A fracture mechanics approach for analyzing, characterizing, and designing against delamination will be outlined. Examples of delamination problems will be illustrated where the strain energy release rate associated with delamination growth was found to be a useful generic parameter, independent of thickness, layup, and delamination source, for characterizing delamination failure. Several analysis techniques for calculating strain energy release rates for delamination from a variety of sources will be outlined. Current efforts to develop ASTM standard test methods for measuring interlaminar fracture toughness and developing delamination failure criteria will be reviewed. A technique for quantifying delamination durability due to cyclic loading will be presented. The use of this technique for predicting fatigue life of composite laminates and developing a fatigue design philosophy for composite structural components will be reviewed.


Acknowledgements 1. Can Education Change Society? 2. Paulo Freire and the Tasks of the Critical Scholar/Activist in Education 3. George Counts and the Politics of Radical Change 4. Du Bois, Woodson, and the Politics of Transformation 5. Keeping Transformations Alive: Learning from the "South" (Luis Armando Gandin and Michael W. Apple) 6. Wal-Marting America: Social Change and Educational Action 7. Critical Education, Speaking the Truth, and Acting Back 8. Answering the Question: Education and Social Transformation Bibliography Index


Discusses traditional accounting principles and how their limitations can affect an organization's ability to achieve total quality management. Problems with these accounting principles become even more apparent when they are used to justify the investment in new technologies which may be needed to improve an organization's TQM programme, including its productivity. When an organization focuses on short‐term profits, such accounting principles are often biased towards the selection of new technologies. Develops strategic frameworks that go beyond the limitations of these traditional accounting models. Applies these theories to evaluate the strategic variables that influence a company's ability to compete in the marketplace. These frameworks focus primarily on an organization's goals and the effective use of technology is identified as the means of achieving these goals.


Platelets are anucleated cells that contain small amounts of mRNA of megakaryocyte origin and possess the capacity for signal-dependent pre-mRNA splicing. They have an important role in diverse hemostatic and pathological disorders, including vascular remodeling, inflammation and wound repair. Recent progress in highthroughput mRNA profiling techniques permitted first insights into the platelet transcriptome - a catalogue of all mRNA transcripts expressed in platelets. It is evident that platelets have a unique and reproducible molecular signature. Detailed analysis of the platelet transcriptome has resulted in the identification of many genes and proteins, previously unknown to be expressed in platelets. Furthermore, microarray analysis was applied to platelet disorders: i) as potentially a powerful tool for differential diagnosis, ii) to study the molecular basis of the disease and iii) to identify potential targets for therapy. In this review, we focus on recent applications of transcript profiling to platelet studies. We briefly review current approaches to transcriptome analysis and describe practical application of these approaches to investigate molecular mechanisms of essential thrombocythemia, gray platelet syndrome and polycythemia vera.


This thesis is aimed at the questions of e-shop operation, with particular consideration of czech market. It contains definition of difference between e-shop and regular shop, definition of target group of internetu users in 2006, evaluation criteria for the analysis, SEO principles, description of e-shop history in Czech Republic and European Union, and also analysis of selected e-shops in Czech Republic and over the world, using semantic differential. The project part of this thesis describes building of e-shop under the domain name dobrynakup.cz (goodbuy.cz), its development and promotion.


In comparison with face-centered cubic (FCC) and body-centered cubic (BCC) metals and alloys, hexagonal close-packed (HCP) metals and alloys show distinct characteristics, such as atomic site occupation, anisotropic microstructure, and fewer slip systems, owing to their HCP lattice structure. Therefore, HCP metals and alloys have distinguished processing, microstructure, and properties. Several types of HCP metals and alloys, involving titanium, zirconium, magnesium, and so on, are extensively used in a variety of industrial andmilitary sectors. Up to date, an increased requirement is still needed to improve the understanding of the relationships among processing, microstructures, and the resultant properties of HCPmetals and alloys. In the meantime, surface modification may be conducted on the HCP metals and alloys to obtain better surface properties. However, many challenges are still open for the surface modification of HCPmetals and alloys. In the contents of this topic, many endeavors are made to highlight the recent advances related to the processing methods (including surface modification), microstructures, and properties of HCP metals and alloys. In the aspects of titanium alloys, Cheng et al. developed a meta-stable β-type Ti-25Nb-3Zr-2Sn3Mo (TLM) alloy and investigated the room-temperature deformation and superelastic behavior of TLM alloy under different processing conditions (10.3389/fmats.2020.00114). The results showed that the typical double yielding phenomena of TLM alloys are presented during the deformation at room temperature and the stress-induced martensite phase and deformation twins are simultaneously generated in the microstructures of TLM alloys during the deformation. Such alloys exhibit a certain superelastic effect due to the reverse transformation between the stress-induced martensite α′′ phases and β parent phases during the cyclic loading-unloading at room temperature. Cheng et al. also investigated the effect of cold swaging deformation on the microstructures and mechanical properties of TLM alloys (10.3389/fmats.2020.00228). With the increment in the reduction of swaging deformation, stress-induced martensite transformation takes place, resulting in the production of α′′ phase. Meanwhile, the strength of the processed alloy is gradually enhanced associated with the decrease in the elastic modulus. Fan et al. investigated themicrostructures, mechanical properties, and texture characteristics of marine titanium alloy Ti6321 sheets with four different initial microstructures (10.3389/fmats.2020.00110). The anisotropic characteristics of the tensile deformed Ti6321 alloy sheet at room temperature are mainly attributed to the difference in the Schmid factors in the transverse direction and the rolling direction of specimens. Edited and reviewed by: Hajo Dieringa, Helmholtz Centre for Materials and Coastal Research (HZG), Germany


Law Number 6 of 2014 about Villages states that the purpose of village regulation is to create an independent village. As an effort to achieve this goal, village management in Indonesia is carried out using a self-governing community system that requires apparatus that has good capacity. On the other hand, the existence of village officials in Indonesia still does not have the capacity needed to organize the government to become an independent village. Therefore, it is necessary to do a legal political reconstruction to find a solution to the inequality of expectations of village regulation and the reality of the quality of village officials like this. Political law functions as a bridge to the goals to be achieved and is strongly influenced by the social reality of society. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach with the type of library research by reviewing data related to villages in Indonesia, especially village government. The results of this study revealed that only 5,606 (7.43%) were independent villages. This of course requires a solution through a series of solution policies so that the objectives of village regulation towards independent villages can be achieved so that the prosperous community can be achieved.


A case of presumed ectopic pregnancy during IUD use is reported. A 31-year-old woman II-para underwent laparotomy due to severe pelvic pain and other symptoms. The right Fallopian Tube was removed and ectopic pregnancy was presumed. A histological examination was performed but no fetal tissues or evidence of a tumor could be found. It is therefore recommended that a histological examination be performed on the resected tissues when an ectopic pregnancy is suspected in order to verify the hypothesis.


We fix a complete field k with respect to a non-Archimedean absolute value ‖ . ‖. In Chapter 1, we build the overconvergent function algebra Un,φ to be a subalgebra of the Tate algebra Tn by putting a growth condition on the coefficients of the power series using a decreasing function φ on Z≥0 into R>0 which we call a filter function (satisfying certain conditions). Namely, Un,φ := { ∑ u∈Z≥0 auX u : au ∈ k and lim |u|→∞ ‖au‖ = 0 } ⊂ Tn where X denotes the tuple (X1, . . . , Xn) of n indeterminates and where the norm on Z≥0 is given by the sum of all coordinates. We endow Un,φ with the φ-norm given by ∣∣∣ ∑ u∈Z≥0 auX u ∣∣∣ φ := max u∈Z≥0 { ‖au‖ } . With this setting we prove the following result: Un,φ is a Noetherian, Jacobson, unique factorization domain and it is complete with respect to φ-norm, moreover every ideal of Un,φ is closed with respect to the induced topology. In Chapter 2, we define the category of NMK-algebras as the category of all quotients of Un,φ (where φ is fixed and n varies). Working in the larger category of Fréchet spaces, we establish Noether normalization and investigate the morphisms between NMK-algebras. Finally, we show that the category of NMK-algebras is closed under completed tensor products. We investigate certain geometric aspects of the algebra Un,φ in Chapter 3, such as the properties of maximal ideals and regularity of Un,φ. Further, we show that for each Un,φ the associated algebraic de Rham complex is exact in positive degrees.


Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a preventable mental illness--without trauma, the illness does not occur. Primary prevention (such as eliminating war, rape, physical assaults, child abuse, or motor vehicle accidents) would be effective but is an unrealistic goal. Secondary prevention (such as preventing PTSD after individuals have been exposed to trauma) may be attainable. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] No medication is FDA-approved to prevent PTSD, but patients recently exposed to trauma might benefit from drugs approved for other indications. Possibilities include noradrenergics such as propranolol, corticosteroids that affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, opioids, benzodiazepines, and antidepressants. Some investigational agents also might block the process that turns a traumatic experience into PTSD. This article discusses these intriguing ideas and suggests which trauma victims might benefit now from acute pharmacologic PTSD prevention. Who might be treated? An estimated 8% to 10% of the U.S. population experiences PTSD at some point in life (Box 1, page 48). (1,2) A person's risk of developing PTSD after a traumatic event depends on the type of trauma. For example, 10% of motor vehicle accident survivors develop PTSD, compared with 60% of rape survivors. (1) Targeting anyone who has experienced trauma for secondary PTSD prevention would expose large groups of people to medications they do not need. Targeting selected persons who are at the highest risk would be more efficient and cost-effective. In a group of acute trauma-exposed persons, 2 selection criteria could be considered simultaneously: * Which patients may be most predisposed to PTSD? * Which patients are showing early symptoms that may predict PTSD? Risk factors and resiliency. Certain factors have been shown to increase a person's vulnerability for PTSD (Table 1). (3) Other proposed risk factors include: * personality types (4) * psychophysiologic factors such as reactivity, conditionability, and resistance to extinction/habituation. (5) Strong evidence also indicates that acute trauma-related symptoms--including excessive arousal and fear, (6) peritraumatic dissociation, and depression--predict the later development of PTSD. Once identified, individuals predisposed to developing PTSD could be given treatment to increase their resiliency after they have been exposed to trauma. Early evidence suggests that you also could consider giving these patients medications as secondary prevention (Table 2). Targeting noradrenergic activity Increased noradrenergic activity has been associated with persistent memories and PTSD. Therefore, medications that reduce noradrenergic tone by blocking receptors or reduce norepinephrine release are being explored for PTSD prevention. Propranolol. Three small studies have examined whether the beta-noradrenergic receptor blocker propranolol can prevent PTSD. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, (7) 41 emergency department patients who had a heart rate of [greater than or equal to]80 bpm within 6 hours of a traumatic accident received propranolol, 40 mg qid, or placebo for 10 days. After 1 month, the 11 patients who completed propranolol treatment showed a nonsignificant trend toward lower scores on the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS), compared with 20 patients taking placebo. At 3 months, the propranolol group had less physiologic reactivity (as measured by heart rate and skin conductance) to trauma-related cues than the placebo group. In a nonrandomized study, (8) PTSD developed within 2 months in 1 of 11 trauma victims who agreed to take propranolol, 40 mg tid, immediately after the trauma, compared with 3 of 8 victims who refused the medication. In an unpublished randomized, double-blind trial, (9) 48 patients admitted to a level I trauma center received propranolol, 40 mg tid; gabapentin, 400 mg tid; or placebo for PTSD prevention. …


The aim of this essay was to look at and compare the imagery in three editions of the Lasebok for folkskolans second department from the years 1868, 1899 and 1922 with a special focus on images of ...


The causative agent for hepatitis A is a positive-strand RNA virus belonging to the hepatovirus genus. These class of virus primarily affect the liver and causes inflammation. Hepatitis A is transmitted mainly via the fecal-oral route or through close physical contact. Transmission from fecal material can happen through directly touching feces or by consuming food and water contaminated with fecal matter.


The experimental studies of technological modes of formation of hybrid carbon nanostructures based on the nanotubes by multifunctional ultrahigh vacuum nanotechnological complex NANOFAB NTK-9 are performed. The parameters of the impact on hybrid nanostructures formation were found, established and studied experimental samples modified and Y-shaped hybrid carbon nanostructures. The results can be used as elements of nanoelectronics and nanosystem technology, composite fillings compounds and hydrogen storage.


"S-quantum billiards" are defined in Rn. These billiards include the regular convex polyhedra as a subset. The "first-excited-state theorem" states that for such quantum billiards: (a) a first excited state (second eigenstate of the Laplacian) exists whose nodal surface is a plane of bisecting symmetry of the billiard; (b) the degeneracy of this state is equal to the dimension in which the billiard exists. It is shown that for such billiards, its bisecting nodal surface is one of minimum energy. The (a) component of the preceding theorem is proved with the latter proof and a conjecture that is based on recent theorems of Lin, Melas, and Alessandrini and a described smoothing procedure. Components of group theory, as well as an ansatz addressing the higher dimensions, come into play in establishing the (b) component of the theorem. An appendix is included describing properties of nodal intersection with a boundary.


In this paper,Doppler shift was applied to simulate a radar medium frequency signal. Since it is difficult to distinguish the Doppler shift of moving target even in frequency domain with FT and STFF method,fuzzy C means clustering method was introduced to seek the two centers of the mixed signals in a radar scanning period.As for multiple radar scanning periods,several centers were determined by a center function using arithmetic mean filter.Finally the targets were detected by threshold decision and the detection probability.This algorithm is simple,easy to realize,with small computation burden and good target detection probability.


High concentration organic waste-water was treated with nine homogeneous catalysts, such as Cu(NO3)2, CuSO4, Fe(NO3)3, using the pH and decolorization rate of the treated effluent as the evaluation index. The results show that the order of catalytic effect from high to low is as follows: Cu(NO3)2> CuSO4> Fe(NO3)3> Fe2(SO4)3> Co(NO3)2> Cr(NO3)3> Ni(NO3)2> AgNO3> Zr(NO3)4. The most effective Cu(NO3)2·3H2O catalyst, the absorbance of the treated waste-water decreased from 2.465 to 0.283, and the decolorization rate reached 88.5%, which was 28.1% higher than that of the water sample without the catalyst under the same operating conditions. The pH of the treated effluent was also similarly lower than that of other homogeneous catalysts.


There are limited studies available regarding the repair of steel beams and steel-concrete composite girders using fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcements. However, among these studies there are a few resources dealing with numerical modelling of such beams using the finite element (FE) method. In this research a finite element simulation was developed to evaluate efficiency of various types of FRP plates, externally bonded on tension flange, on the enhancement of flexural strength of damaged composite girders. The primary defect in girders was simulated by inserting a notch through the tension flange and partial in web at mid-span. The occurrences of initiation and propagation of debonding as well as the effect of partial shear connection between the steel beam and concrete slab were taken into account. To ensure the validity of the proposed numerical model, the obtained results from the current analysis were compared with those existing experimental studies. This study focused on varying types of FRP and the amount of damage. Four common FRP types varying in modulus elasticity were employed to evaluate their influences on flexural strength and stress concentration at the critical region, i.e. the root of the notch. It was observed that higher modulus FRPs have more capability to limit the high principle strain in the critical region and, consequently, to reduce the rate of crack propagation across the steel section. Finally, the interaction between the FRP thicknesses and the notch depths in the web of steel beam was examined.


BACKGROUND: A wandering spleen is a condition in which the spleen, located in the upper left abdomen, becomes dislocated from its normal position. Although literature on wandering spleen exists, there is very limited literature on wandering spleen causing internal hernia. We present a novel case of wandering spleen, left ectopic kidney with internal herniation leading to intestinal obstruction.

CASE PRESENTATION: 13-year-old female presented with abdominal pain and imaging showed a wandering spleen with cyst, left ectopic kidney, internal herniation leading to intestinal obstruction. Barium enema showed normal flow of contrast and patient was managed conservatively.

CONCLUSION: Wandering spleen with internal hernia causing transient obstruction are rare and the radiologist needs to know the imaging findings to make a correct diagnosis. To serve that purpose we present such a unique case.


The research on cattle growth is one of the important studies in the animal sciences. Although methods are available in literature for the analysis of growth data, no universal method is recommended. In the present study data on body weight was taken from birth to an age up to 27 months on 25 crossbred cattle. As the scatter plots revealed a sigmoid shape and also that the growth of animals, in general follow a non-linear distribution, 5 non-linear models were used to model weight-age data for the animals. Also, that these sigmoid models are empirical in the sense that the parameters have some biological interpretation. Comparisons were made among these models for goodness of fit. The 3 sigmoid models viz., Brody, Von-Bertalanffy and Gompertz over estimated the weights. Richards and Logistic models suited the data pattern. Logistic model in comparison with Richards model is computationally easier to fit. In the above said models parameters were estimated using ordinary least squares technique. But the assumptions for applications of this technique are early met in practical situation. So the parameters were estimated under heteroscedastic variance structure also the estimates so obtained were found to give better results.


In the processing of Kyoto protocol, Africa is facing several issues such as low income, lack of information for negotiation, political instability, and few professional persons in the negotiation process. However, many African people are working in the agricultural sector and has experiencing natural disaster and need to change life style to preserve the nature. Therefore, Africa is more venerable to climate change. In order to respond to these situations, Africa need green growth approaches for the protection of environment and at the same time increase economic growth. Among the options, CDM(Clean Development Mechanism) project and REDD projects show effective strategies. Future prospect of CDM is promising until 2008-2011 based on the regions. However, Africa had 30 numbers out of total 1569 number as of April 2009. In order to induce foreign investment from abroad, we canthinking about several options. Firstly, ODA (Official Development Aid) is one of emerging issues for the financial support, especially forestry area. In the after Kyoto protocol, credit from ODA should be discussed in the international negotiation. Secondly, technical transfer in africa should be more cost effective and economically effective. Namely, forestry management, water resource conservation, renewable energy areas will be based on these ides. Thirdly, education is very important factor to respond to climate change. Lastly, beneficiary pays principles (BPP) could be applied in Africa for the protection of forestry since forestry resources are good source of sinking asa public good, for the GHGs. Therefore, the other developed countries need to pay direct subsidy for them for the sake of safe Earth.


The Anthropocene has become a widely discussed narrative for our relationship with the natural environment and planet Earth, both in popular culture and across many scientific disciplines. However, the Anthropocene has not yet been officially recognized by the International Union of Geological Sciences and its International Commission on Stratigraphy. In this chapter, we argue that deciding on an appropriate start date and related marker is more than a technical-administrative act, because this decision enables different narratives of the Anthropocene, which, depending on the choices made, will shape future governance and societal debates. In particular and irrespective of the actual formal decision by the relevant scientific authorities, alternative dates matter, as they discursively broaden ideas around the Anthropocene. Consequently, we analyze five suggested start dates (Pleistocene fire; early Anthropocene; Orbis hypothesis; Industrial revolution; Great acceleration) along the following questions: What golden spike/GSSP is proposed? Which activity caused it? Who was the main agent behind that activity? What were the immediate impacts of that activity and how are these impacts evaluated by audiences today? And finally, what possible governance responses are related to a specific start date? Our chapter concludes with suggesting overarching narratives to capture each start date, marker and possible governance implications.


In this article, we report the fabrication and analysis of 1.3 μm InAsP multiquantum well laser diodes (MQW LDs) with the n-type modulation-doped (MD) InAsP/InP/InGaP active region grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. We theoretically analyze the threshold current density, differential quantum efficiency, internal quantum efficiency, and internal optical loss as a function of thickness and doping concentration of n-type Si-doped InGaP barrier and InP intermediate layer for the 1.3 μm MD-MQW LDs. The optimum thickness is 2 nm for the n-type doped barrier and 6.2 nm for the doped intermediate layer while remaining 4.4-nm-thick undoped in the InP intermediate layer to prevent from lateral diffusion of Si-doped atoms into the InAsP well. Besides, the optimum doping concentration of doped InGaP barrier and doped InP intermediate layer is 1×1018 cm−3. With these optimum conditions, the LDs will reduce the threshold current density and threshold gain to 0.8 kA/cm2 and 43.08 cm−1 as compared to those of 1.6 kA/cm2 and 44.1 cm−1 for the undoped active region, respectively.In this article, we report the fabrication and analysis of 1.3 μm InAsP multiquantum well laser diodes (MQW LDs) with the n-type modulation-doped (MD) InAsP/InP/InGaP active region grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. We theoretically analyze the threshold current density, differential quantum efficiency, internal quantum efficiency, and internal optical loss as a function of thickness and doping concentration of n-type Si-doped InGaP barrier and InP intermediate layer for the 1.3 μm MD-MQW LDs. The optimum thickness is 2 nm for the n-type doped barrier and 6.2 nm for the doped intermediate layer while remaining 4.4-nm-thick undoped in the InP intermediate layer to prevent from lateral diffusion of Si-doped atoms into the InAsP well. Besides, the optimum doping concentration of doped InGaP barrier and doped InP intermediate layer is 1×1018 cm−3. With these optimum conditions, the LDs will reduce the threshold current density and threshold gain to 0.8 kA/cm2 and 43.08 cm−1 as compared to those ...


A quantitative model has been developed to predict the temperature dependence of impact toughness (KCV) for hot rolled plane carbon and HSLA steels with a wide range of chemical composition (wt%): С(0.04-0.21), Mn(0.16-1.96), Si(0.01-0.93), Cr(0.01-0.97), Ni(0.01-0.51), Cu(0.02-0.45), Mo(0.001-0.50), Nb(0.001-0.056), V(0.002-0.09), Ti(0.001-0.08), N(0.003-0.009), S(0.001-0.032), P(0.005-0.025). The transition temperature at 50 % of fibrous fracture ( FATT 50 ) is determined in terms of chemical composition and calculated final microstructure parameters. Impact energies at lower ( KCV LS ) and upper ( KCV US ) shelves are derived from predicted values of tensile stress and relative elongation. All physical parameters of the model are related to the industrial hot rolling conditions by means of the integral computer model STAN 2000 previously formulated for the rolling mill 2000 of PJSC Severstal. Empirical coefficients are fitted to the data base on impact toughness for 230 plates of 32 steel grades in the temperature range of -60°С to +20 °С. The modelling results comply well with experiments.


Using conventional observation and a new generation Doppler radar data on January 17 2011 to 20,analyzed the snowfall weather detailed features appeared twice in Guizhou.The results show that the snowfalls echoes generally are less than 30dbz,and center echoes intensity are between 30 to 40dbz,reflectivity factors distribution gradient is not big;but when the snowfall mingled with ice particles,center echoes intensity are 50dbz.The top highs of echoes of snowfall are under the 7km,and the top high of 5-7km accounted for about 60%,the most top high can be achieved 8km when the echoes are most vigorous.The radial velocity isolines of snow echoes are intensive,along the radial gradient changes are small."Bull 's-eye" shape echo is a typical features of snowfall echo,and it plus or minus speed central values with the amount of snow there exist certain proportional relations.Surface layer wind direction of wind profile product to forecast precipitation type has obvious indicator of significance.When the products of wind direction by the east south to north by east on the high of 1.5km,the ground cold advection replaced the warm advection,the rain and snow changed to pure snow,conversely,the warm advection replaced cold advection,and the pure snow changed to rain and snow or the snow weakened and disappeared.


The invention relates to a rubber composition intended in particular for the manufacture of the tire, based on at least one major elastomer selected from the group consisting of butyl rubbers, essentially unsaturated diene elastomers, essentially saturated diene elastomers and mixtures these elastomers and a reinforcing filler characterized in that the composition also comprises at least one inert filler chosen from mineral fillers of lamellar based on silicon, and a polyisobutylene oil functionalized or not, having a molecular weight between 200 g / mol and 40 000g / mol, present in a proportion of between 2 and 50 phr.


The objectives and importance of the patient registry and statistical evaluation of dialysis patient can be summarized as follows: first, to estimate the numbers and regional distributions of target therapy patients by a dialysis special physician group; second, to evaluate the characteristics of the patients and dialysis therapy, and its complications or results based on scientific evidence; and third, to improve quality of dialysis therapy and provide information for socio-economic health administration and the future health plan. The Korean Society of Nephrology (KSN) has a 30-yearold project in which all society members are participating voluntarily since 1985: the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patient registry (the 'Insan Prof. Byung-Suk Min Memorial ESRD Patient Registry'). 1,2 The late Professor Min was a Korean pioneer in nephrology, who had successfully performed the first kidney transplantation (KT) of Korea in 1969 and reported the first KSN ESRD registry in the first volume of the journal of KSN in 1980. Tragically, he was assassinated in 1983 by a terror attack while working as a physician for president of Republic of Korea. The data collection of KSN ESRD registry has been performed through internet online program since 2001. The internet speed in Korea is faster than that of any other countries in the world according to Akamai's state of the internet report Quarter 4 2013. Furthermore, Korea has a single government-run national health insurance system. In this system, every hospital is using a unified drug and medical procedure code and electronic data interchange system through internet. The KSN ESRD registry is not directly connected to this health insurance system but the registry shares the same medical procedures classification and drugs with the unified code.


Introduction and Aim: Solanum pubescens is one of the very well-known traditional medicinal plants it has been widely used in the treatment of many inflammatory conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory property of S. pubescens fruit.

Materials and Methods: Anti-inflammatory activities of S. pubescens fruit extracts at different concentrations (100-200 mg/kg) were carried out using carrageenan-induced and cotton implant-induced granuloma methods.

Results: The results of the carrageenan-induced paw edema study reveals the highest activity of fruit upper ethanolic (FUEE) extract at 200 mg/kg, with 64.84% followed by water (FEW), and fruit lower ethanolic extracts (FLEE). The protein and IL-6 evaluation in this experiment showed very promising results. Whereas the cellular toxicity was evaluated in terms of LPO, MPO and nitric oxide analysis which in turn showed harmless nature of extracts. Furthermore, assessment of proliferative phase of inflammation was done in rats using a cotton pellet-induced granuloma model, where FUEE at 100 mg/kg showed 32.5±2.73 mg, 200 mg/kg 25.3±2.36 mg of dry weight of granuloma, compared to the standard indomethacin activity 1.4±3.45 mg. Moreover, the hematological parameters of treated animals reveals that the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of FUEE 4.88± 0.18 mm/hr at 200 mg/kg was the least and almost equal to the standard.

Conclusion: It can be said that S. pubescens is no doubt a very good source of phytomedicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, with most of the valuable phytoconstituents concerned with the anti-inflammation assembled in the fruit upper ethanolic extracts as this extract showed excellent activity in both the carrageenan and cotton pellet models.


The positions of zinc impurity atoms formed in lead chalcogenide lattices (PbS, PbSe, and PbTe) after the radioactive decay of 67Cu and 67Ga isotopes are defined by the positions of parent atoms. Therefore, stabilization of the zinc centers is possible both at the cation and interstitial sites. In both positions, either the zinc centers are electrically inactive or the impurity energy level has a low ionization energy and recharging of the impurity does not affect the isomeric shift of the Messbauer spectrum.


Drawing on ethnographic data collected in a coastal village in southwestern Madagascar, the work explores the concept of memory through a study of contemporary hospitality practices aimed towards western tourists and other outsiders. The key observation is that memory is shaped by the interactions between two forms of colonial legacy. One is defined by the socially inscribed memory of past relations with powerful outsiders, mediated through myth and oral history. The other is defined by socially incorporated practices formed in the pre-colonial and colonial realms of the 19th and 20th centuries (and hence constitute a memory of such pasts in the present), and that today shift in the context of contact with western tourists and other foreigners. The main argument is that socially inscribed memory provides a highly flexible operational metaphor to mediate and also reproduce the socially incorporated practice-memory of hospitality, especially when historical symbolic functions - for example domesticating royals, colonial administrators, settlers, merchants or clerics - are shifted into contemporary contact zones with western tourists.


Human α heavy chain disease is characterized by the production of abnormally short α IgH chains. In previously published cases it has been found that the malignant cells produce abnormal α mRNA, lacking VH and CH1 sequences and composed of a leader sequence peptide, sequences of variable length (69 to 84 bp) and of unknown origin, followed by normal CH2 and CH3 sequences. In this study we established the nucleotide sequence of α mRNA for six cases of α heavy chain disease. We observed that all six α mRNA lack the VH and CH1 sequences as do those previously described. They also contain in‐frame inserts of unknown origin between the leader peptide and the normal CH2 and CH3 coding sequences. These inserts are of variable length (42 to 105 bp) and they are unrelated. These results suggest the existence of a common mechanism defect leading to deletions/insertions in α heavy chain disease rather than a specific interaction between α1 IgH gene with a unique defined molecular species.


In search of the minority default: the case of Arabic plurals Sami Boudelaa (email@example.com) MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, CB2 2EF, UK M. Gareth Gaskell (firstname.lastname@example.com) Department of Psychology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK Abstract A Minority-default inflectional system is one in which a regular affixational process (e.g., the plural morpheme ~s in English) applies to fewer forms in the language than the irregular stem modifying process (e.g. the umlauting in "foot-feet"-like pairs). Following the work of McCarthy & Prince (1990), the plural system of Modern Standard Arabic has been cited as an arche- type of a minority-default system with the regular sound plural involving fewer nominal forms than the irregular broken plural. On the basis of linguistic, statistical and distributional evidence, we argue that this assertion is wrong. We point out that while both broken and sound plural have qualitatively limited produc- tivity, the latter is quantitatively the more productive process. Furthermore, the diversity of regularly inflected phonological forms ensures that they will be treated as the default by a connectionist model. In the light of these findings we argue that a good model of morphological processing should motivate the observation that so few of the world's languages use minority defaults. Introduction A major debate in psycholinguistics revolves around the question of how human language users employ finite means to produce large numbers of words and utterances. In order to deal with this generic question, several more specific questions need to be spelt out. One such specific question is whether or not the structural properties of regularly and irregularly inflected words correspond to their representa- tional and processing properties. Focusing on the represen- tational format would lead one to tackle the question of whether morphologically complex words are represented as full forms or as decomposed morphemes (Marslen-Wilson et al., 1994). Focussing on the processing aspect of the equation would lead one to raise the same question from a different standpoint, namely whether morphologically com- plex words are formed via a symbolic rule-based mecha- nism operating on grammatical categories or via a memory- based associative network that extracts probabilistic contin- gencies between them (Rumelhart & McClelland, 1986; Pinker & Prince 1988; Marslen-Wilson & Tyler, 1998). The acquisition of the English past tense has been exten- sively studied in an attempt to decide between the different approaches to this problem. The literature on the subject provides at least three different models. The first, and most traditional assumes that the regular past forms in English like "walk-walked" are formed by a rule, whereas irregular past tenses like "eat-ate, give-gave" are learned individually by rote (Berko, 1958). Because it fails to explain the sub- regularities among the irregular verbs and the expansion of irregular inflection to phonologically similar nonce forms, this view has largely been superseded by a second model which claims that a rule-governed process inflects all the regular forms while an associative memory takes care of all the irregular forms. The associative memory identifies the irregular forms and blocks the default process from apply- ing to them (Pinker, 1991; Pinker & Prince, 1988). The third model is a connectionist one, which dispenses with explicit rules and assumes that language learning is better accounted for using a single mechanism, namely a network of interconnected units (Rumelhart & McClelland, 1986). Both regular and irregular forms are inflected by this net- work, with responses to novel forms depending on their phonological similarity to familiar patterns (Plunkett & Marchman, 1991). Both dual-route models and connectionist networks are able to handle an inflectional system like English because of its distributional characteristics. The English system is one in which about 95% of the forms are regularly inflected. This is an unproblematic situation for a dual-route model, which deals with the small number of irregulars via asso- ciative memory and the rest via a default rule. A connectionist network would also exhibit relative ease han- dling such cases. The network would store information about all forms and the preponderance of regular forms would trigger a regularisation process, by virtue of the fact that any novel form is more likely to resemble a regular form than an irregular one. Proponents of the dual-route model have argued that a dual mechanism can also deal satisfactorily with linguistic systems where the default is a minority, such as the inflection system in German (Clahsen, 1999). This is because rule-like behavior does not need to be contingent on the default pattern applying to a majority of the forms in the language. Rather, a default can be de- fined, the argument goes, even in terms of the least frequent patterns, because this process depends on applying the same procedure to different items bearing the same symbol (Clahsen, 1999). Conversely, a connectionist network was predicted to be unable to simulate people's regularisation of novel forms in a minority-default system like German. The Arabic plural is perhaps the most widely cited exam- ple of a minority default system (McCarthy & Prince, 1990; Hare, Daugherty & Seidenberg, 1992; Ravid & Farah, 1999). For this reason it was used as a litmus test by Plun-


LITERATURE CITED grass ranges of the front range of Colorado. U.S. Dep. COOK, C. WAYNE, HAROLD H. BIS~ELL, AND R. T. CLARK ET Agr. Circ. 929. 36 p. AL. 1962. Basic problems and techniques in range rePEARSON, HENRY A. 1964. Studies of forage digestibility search. Nat. Acad. Sci., Nat. Res. Count. Publ. No. 890. under ponderosa pine stands. Sot. Amer. Forest. Proc., p. Washington, D.C. 341 p. 7 l-73. HUMPHREY, ROBERT R. 1958. Arizona range grasses. Ariz. WORLEY, DAVID P. 1965. The Beaver Creek pilot waterAgr. Exp. Sta. Bull. No. 298. 104 p. shed for evaluating multiple use effects of watershed treatJOHNSON, W. M. 1953. Effect of grazing intensity upon ments. U.S. Forest Serv. Res. Pap. RM-13, 12 p. Rocky vegetation and cattle gains on ponderosa pine-bunchMountain Forest and Range Exp. Sta., Fort Collins, Colo.


Human a-fetoprotein, like other mammalian and even avian a-fetoproteins, is a major protein found in the circulatory system during embryonic and fetal life.'-3 This interesting sialic-acid-containing protein4 (70,000 M. W.) can be subdivided into three distinct domain^.^' These domains are produced by precise positioning of cysteinecysteine disulfide bridges, not only in the a-fetoprotein molecule but also in the structurally related adult protein, serum albumin.' Although the physiological function of a-fetoprotein remains a mystery, this gene product is expressed at high concentrations (67-2,OOO pg/ml) during normal human fetal life when rapid growth is taking place and then decreases to only trace amounts (< 3 ng/ml) in normal human adult life.' This represents approximately a millionfold decrease in serum concentration of a-fetoprotein. A curious feature of a-fetoprotein is that it is expressed at elevated concentrations in adults with certain pathologic conditions, including neoplasia of liver and of germ cells,8-'o ataxia telangiectasia," and in hereditary tyrosinemia.'** The reason(s) why a-fetoprotein is expressed at elevated concentrations under these pathologic conditions is presently not understood. An interesting feature of the a-fetoprotein gene is its structural relatedness to the serum albumin gene. It is known, for instance, that these genes are linked on chromosome 5 in the m o u ~ e . ' ~ . ' ~ And, on the basis of nucleotide and amino acid sequence data,', 16, I' these genes are also considered to be members of the same gene family in man and rodents. As an extension of our present fine-structure analysis of the human albumin gene,I8, j9 we have begun the task of determining the detailed structural organization of the natural human a-fetoprotein gene. We hope that our detailed analysis of


Splenectomy is necessary in beta thalassemia major patients when the spleen becomes hyperactive, leading to extreme destruction of erythrocytes. This study assessed the ferritin effect on serum pneumococcal antibody response following pneumococcal vaccination, in patients with beta thalassemia major after splenectomy. In this case series study, convenience sampling was used to recruit 347 splenectomised beta thalassemia patients under the auspices of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences. Demographic data such as age, sex, and time after splenectomy were recorded by a questionnaire. All participants had been splenectomised and received a dose of Pneumovax ® 23 vaccine 14 days before surgery. The IgG antibody responses to pneumococcal vaccine and levels of serum specific ferritin were determined by commercial enzyme immunoassay kits. For the analysis, SPSS software version 16 was used. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Most of the participants (63.4%) were hypo-responders to pneumococcal vaccine. Also, serum anti-pneumococcal IgG antibody was related to post splenectomy duration and serum ferritin (p< 0.001), but not to gender (p> 0.05). An important result was a relation of serum anti-pneumococcal IgG antibody to serum ferritin according to post splenectomy duration groups. Therefore, in three groups of post splenectomy duration, the serum ferritin was higher in hypo-responder than in good responder subjects. Our results indicate that serum anti-pneumococcal IgG antibody decreased with increment of serum ferritin and post splenectomy duration. Thus, there is a need to re-address the approach towards revaccination in this immune-compromised group of patients by administering a booster pneumococcal vaccination in an attempt to recover immunity and reduce morbidity.


1. The vault of heaven 2. A preliminary journey through space and time 3. The sun's family 4. Weighing and measuring the stars 5. The variety of the stars 6. The Milky Way 7. Out in the depths of space 8. The great universe.


Local inflammation and respiratory burst of polymor phonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) generate reactive oxygen species. While native PMNLs did not influence muscle tension, those activated by N-formyl -methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine evoked a biphasic response on KCl-precontracted rat aortal rings. When tissues we re precontracted by phenylephrine, i.e. without extensive membrane depolarization, the acti vated PMNLs caused marked contraction of aortal rings. The aim of our study was to analyz e the effect of natural antioxidants (supplements containing arbutin, the mentha villosa extract, rosmarinic acid and curcumine) on the activated peritoneal PMNLs-induced contraction of phenylephrine-precontracted vascular smooth muscle and compare it with that of synthetic antioxidants (pyridoindoles: stobadine and SMe1EC2). Application of the natural antioxidants in the concentrations used reduced the action of activated PMNLs by 75-90% in the following order arbutin < curcumine < rosmarinic acid ≤ mentha villosa extract and the synthetic ones redu ced the action of activated neutrophils by 50-70%.


ABSTRACT A case study of one nuclear family, the Mutchniks from Nahalal, focusing on the dynamic between its dominant patron, Pinchas, and its dominant matron, Rosa, and a spatial analysis of the "home away from home" they had built in Yeruham from 1956 to 1969. These two aspects tie together an article concerned with several interlocking questions. What kind of decisions make up an intergenerational family strategy, and what role do women play in planning and carrying it out? How can a history that is (mis)represented by contemporary sources produce a valuable analysis? How were patronage networks micromanaged? And how is keeping the privileged access to professional and financial opportunities in the frontier to certain groups of settlers related to long-term social climbing avenues?


A mathematical model of the three-dimensional problem of diffusion-advection of radon in piecewise homogeneous layered mediums with inclusions is proposed. The model takes into account anisotropy of diffusion properties of subregions of geological mediums. A combined method of solving the problem with the methods of integral transformations, integral representations, and boundary integral equations is proposed. Results of computer modeling with known models for the case of homogeneous piecewise layered mediums are presented. Results of computational experiments for studying processes of radon transport in anisotropic layered mediums with inclusions are presented. Additionally, the use of OpenMaple technology for developing high-performance software with language C# for studying radon transport processes is discussed.


This study attempts highlight theories and research about adult attachment styles and communication patterns. The aim of this study is to explain and try to show the effect of adult attachment style on marital communication patterns to better understanding dynamics of emotional bonding is created primarily I childhood and continue in thorough out of life. Attachment was originally a conceptualization of the emotional bond between a caregiver and child and then grew to become an organizing framework for understanding adult romantic relationships. Based on the numerical studies and research, if this emotional bond shape is positive and secure, it can make a deep and effective relationship between persons and important others. The result of review literature has shown there is a direct relationship between the style of attachment and satisfied relationship. Researchers have indicated that individuals with secure attachment styles express higher levels of marital satisfaction than those couples who have insecure attachment styles, as well as more constructive communication and emotional regulation. Furthermore, the literature review indicated that couples who reporting low levels of conflict benefited more mutual constructive communication compare those couple with high levels of conflict. The findings of this studycan be implicated for couple and family therapists. Definitely, higher functioning marriages create healthier environments for children and families.


Property changes of Aldrich and Pahokee peat dissolved organic matter (DOM) at different ultrasonic frequencies and energy densities were systematically investigated. Exposure of DOM to ultrasound resulted in decreases in TOC, Color465, specific UV absorbance (SUVA), aromaticity and molecular weight, while DOM acidity increased. Compared to 20 kHz ultrasound, greater sonochemical transformation of DOM occurred at 354 kHz and at higher energy density, due to greater ·OH radical production. The changes to DOM properties suggest that ultrasound may significantly affect DOM-pollutant interactions (e.g.facilitate desorption of hydrophobic organics from DOM or promote complexation between metallic cations and DOM).


Objective:To observe the effects of Triptolide (Tri) on IL-10 and IFN-γ in spinal cord of EAE mice. Methods:C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into EAE group,Tri treatment group and adjuvant group. EAE model was established with MOG35-55,Tri was intraperitoneally injected in treatment group. The symptoms of mice in EAE were monitored according to the international standard of 5-scores-system. The spinal cord was used for IL-10,IFN-γ immunohistochemical staining. Results:The differences of incidence,change of body weight and mean maximum clinical scores between EAE group and Tri treatment group were statistically significant (P0.05). After the intervention of Tri,compared with adjuvant group,the level of IFN-γ in EAE group was increased (P0.01),and the level of IL-10 was decreased (P0.05). Compared with EAE group,IFN-γ in Tri group was decreased (P0.01),and the level of IL-10 was significantly increased (P0.05). Conclusion:Tri can treat EAE mice effectively. It may be caused by depressing IFN-γ secreted by Th1 and promoting IL-10 secreted by Th2,which can regulate Th1/Th2.


Modern cars are equipped with plenty of electronic devices called electronic control units (ECUs). They collect diagnostic data from a car's components to control their work, assess the quality of their work, and detect defects. Regardless of the development of onboard computers, only a small amount of information is passed on to the driver. This paper describes how to build a data-collecting environment for real-data acquisition from a car. The system (whose components include an Android-based smartphone and Torque PRO application) is able to send data via the Internet to a chosen server in real time. The collected data can be further analyzed both online and offline.


22 Filed: Feb. 8, 1971 57) ABSTRACT 21 Appl. No.: 113,371 A roll-type embossing machine in which a pair of material processing rolls are supported on a machine (52) U.S. C. ...................... 101/23, 100/170, 308/20, frame. One of the rolls is movable relative to the other 101.1247 and relative to the machine frame by a hydraulic 51 Int, Cl..............................B44b5/00, B30b3/04 pneumatic power lift device connected to opposite 58 Field of Search................................ 101/23, 247; ends of the movable roll supporting shaft. The other 100/168, 169, 170 roll is fixed in relation to the machine frame and is sell' . provided with an engraved material processing sleeve 56 References Cited which can be readily removed and replaced on the UNITED STATES PATENTS machine by means of a swingable bearing support means connected to the roll shaft at one end of the 3,578,766 571971 Dioiot............................... 1001170 X roll and a support bracket or fixture attached to the 3.8% E. Area. 19.79: machine frame adjacent the opposite end of the fixed saw 1 rist et al............................. 3,479,951 1 1/1969 Cournoyer........................... 1001170 roll and positioned in close proximity to the roll shaft. 3,527,159 9, 1970 Edwards............................... 100/170 3 Claims, 5 Drawing Figures 3,196,786 7I1965 Hornberger...................... 101 1247 X


2. Codebook Variable Description political_unit Name of the political unit (state, subtate) that adopts the act language_act Name of the language act adopted year Year of act adoption year_2 Year of last act amendment total_v 1 Total number of values mentioned by the act communication_v Total number of communicative values mentioned by the act identity_v Total number of identity-related values mentioned by the act both_v Total number of both communicative and identity-related values mentioned other_v Total number of other values mentioned by the act no_v Act with no values mentioned (dummy variable) v_1 Act using communicative values (dummy variable) v_11 Act using values of social justice (dummy variable) v_111 Act using individual values of social justice (dummy variable) v_1111 Act using the value of equal opportunity (dummy variable) v_1112 Act using the value of social mobility and progress (dummy variable) v_1113 Act using the value of social inclusion and integration (dummy variable) v_1114 Act using the value of participation in social and economic life (dummy variable) v_112 Act using collective values of social justice (dummy variable) v_1121 Act using the value of social cohesion (dummy variable) v_1122 Act using the value of coexistence and mutual understanding (dummy variable) v_1123 Act using the value of economic and social development of peoples (dummy v.) v_12 Act using values of communicative efficacy (dummy variable)


SUMMARY Starting with the model of mantle density heterogeneity derived by Ricard et al. (1993), which uses plate-motion reconstructions under the assumption that subducted slabs sink vertically into the mantle, we model the temporal evolution of these internal loads. We investigate the viscoelastic deformation of the Earth due to this time-dependent excitation source using a Love-number formalism for a linear viscoelastic mantle with a Maxwell model of rheology. We are especially interested in the deep-Earth viscoelastic deformation, such as the radial displacement that appears at the core-mantle boundary, and we compare the calculated topography with that proposed by seismologists.


Environmental Performance Evaluation(EPE) is an internal management process that provides information to facilitate management decisions regarding an organization's environmental performance.The paper introduces the concept and indicators of environmental performance assessment,applies the management tool to the water source protection,and constructs the indicator system of environmental performance assessment on water source protection.