Reduced graphene oxide nano-bridges and tunable electrical transport properties of reduced graphene oxide based transistors are achieved by using tip-based nanolithography. The polarity dependence of the reduction is revealed with a threshold reduction bias of −6 V on the nano-scale tip. The best carrier mobilities up to now for holes and for electrons in reduced-graphene-oxide-based nano-scale transistors are about 5.6 cm2 V−1 s−1 and 3.2 cm2 V−1 s−1 at room temperature. Moreover, the tunable output and transport properties have been realized for the first time by the controlled nano-tip electrochemical reaction with different reduction nano-tip biases. These tunable electrical properties of graphene based transistors will be extended to develop various novel optoelectronic and microelectronic applications. It opens a possible way to mass production of a graphene oxide based device, representing a significant step forward for electrical applications.


A wild-type strain of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum Marburg was transformed by DNA from strains resistant to 5-fluorouracil. Recipient cells were grown without selection on gellan gum (GELRITE) plates with DNA. Drug-resistant cells were recovered by replica plating the resulting colonies onto drug plates. Transformation required high-molecular-weight DNA with appropriate markers and was not observed on agar or in liquid media under a variety of conditions.


Abstract Within the substantial body of work examining young people's information-seeking behavior, little research has specifically investigated youngsters' use of serials. However, a recent project undertaken in England into the information universes of four- to eighteen-year-olds has revealed many patterns in relation to this issue. Most notably, the study found little consultation of serials by young people for academic work and although their use to meet recreational needs was greater, even in this context the Internet was exploited more. Serials in libraries were seldom examined. The study findings have implications for information skills teaching and the treatment of serials in libraries.


Children's participation in everyday activities and routines in home and community settings is an important focus of services for infants and young children with disabilities. Data indicate that assistive technology (AT) is not widely used nor do early intervention service providers report frequent use of AT devices with infant-toddlers. Adaptation interventions combine environmental accommodations and AT in ways that promote children's participation in activities and routines and provide functional skill-building learning opportunities. A decision-making process for planning and implementing adaptation interventions is outlined with examples of strategies and formats that service providers can use to create successful interventions for infants and young children.


Hydraulic slotting is a modification technique which can improve gas permeability of coal seam. The combination of deep borehole and high pressure hydraulic slotting could greatly increase construction efficiency. The hydraulic slotting promotion experiment was conducted in the outburst seam in Sijiazhuang mine. According to radius cutting test, the spray of 60MP was used to cut in the outburst seam and the radius could reach 1.5m. The borehole of 100m deep was cut and the success rate could reach 80%. The gas flow speed of the cutting was 4 to 5 times as fast as that of the normal drainage borehole. The test proved that the deep borehole and high pressure hydraulic slotting has better economic benefits and safety effectiveness.


With the recent deployment of wireless digital TV systems around the world [1-3], wire antennas are once again i widespread use. This article introduces the software GRADMAX for Web, a Java applet for analyzing and optimizing arrays ( wire antennas. The analysis algorithm is based on the point-matching technique of the Method of Moments (MININE engine) [4-6], and the optimization layer employs the modified gradient method [7]. GRADMAX for Web is designed for t~ Internet, and runs directly from the Web browser on all common operating systems (Windows, Macintosh, Linux, Solari etc.).


Background: Oral microorganisms, which are usually opportunistic pathogens invade a root canal containing necrotic tissue and establish an infectious process causing primary endodontic infections. When root canal remains infected for long periods, the number of facultative anaerobic bacteria increases. The most common facultative anaerobic Gram-positive coccus cultured from non-healing endodontic cases is Enterococcus species. Aims and Objectives: The present study was done to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of Tridax procumbens, Aegle marmelos, and 5% sodium hypochlorite against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm formed on the tooth substrate. Materials and Methods: Extracted human teeth were biomechanically prepared, vertically sectioned, placed in the tissue culture wells exposing the root canal surface to E. faecalis to form a biofilm. At the end of the 3rd and 6th weeks, all groups were treated for 10 min with the test solutions and control and were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Results: Qualitative assay with 3-week biofilm showed complete inhibition of bacterial growth with T. procumbens, A. marmelos and NaOCl, except saline, which showed the presence of bacterial growth. In quantitative analysis, Aegle and saline-treated tooth samples showed 1.344 ±123 CFU/mL and 186.4 × 109 ± 4.1 × 109 CFU/mL (mean and standard deviation), respectively. Qualitative assay with 6-week biofilm showed growth when treated with Tridax and marmelos whereas NaOCl has shown complete inhibition. All treated groups have shown a significant reduction of the bacterial population compared with the control group, and NaOCl showed 100% reduction. Conclusion: Nearly 5% sodium hypochlorite showed maximum antibacterial activity against E. faecalis biofilm formed on tooth substrate. T. procumbens, A. marmelos also showed statistically significant antibacterial activity.


This article introduce the importance of the methodological study to the library science,then retrospect the current situation of methodological study on library science in China.


We report a case of appendiceal goblet-cell carcinoid with malignant cells in ascites. A woman in her 30s having appendiceal goblet-cell carcinoid was found to have atypical cells in ascites cytology. Tumor cells had a high N/C ratio and eosinophilic cytoplasm. Signet-ring-cell-like cells with abundant cytoplasmic mucin were also seen. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells in ascites were positive for synaptophisin and chromogranin A.


Purpose: The study was to investigate the impact of effective leadership on employee motivation and job satisfaction in Kenya.
Methodology: The study adopted a desktop methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low-cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive's time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.
Results: The literature review indicates that effective leadership, specifically transformational leadership, positively impacts employee motivation and job satisfaction in Kenya's public and private sectors. Perceived organizational support, self-efficacy, and effective communication also contribute to employee well-being. However, there are methodological gaps in existing research, emphasizing the need for more rigorous research design and methodology. Further research is needed to investigate the impact of effective leadership on employee motivation and job satisfaction in Kenya and to develop evidence-based policies and interventions aimed at improving employee well-being and organizational performance.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: This study emphasizes the impact of effective leadership, specifically transformational leadership practices, perceived organizational support, self-efficacy, and communication, on employee well-being and organizational performance in Kenya. The study identifies methodological gaps in the literature and suggests the need for more rigorous research designs. These findings can inform evidence-based policies and interventions to improve employee motivation and job satisfaction in Kenya. Organizations should adopt transformational leadership practices and provide a supportive work environment, while policy makers should prioritize the development of effective leadership training programs and policies that promote employee well-being and organizational performance. This study provides a theoretical framework and practical insights for future research and policy development.


The textbook discusses the content, system and technologies of postgraduate studies, preparation for independent scientific activity, methodology of scientific creativity, and provides recommendations for writing, design and defense of a PhD thesis.
Considerable attention is paid to the preparation of a graduate student to work at the department of the university, the organization and planning of his life and activities.
For graduate students, as well as for students who want to devote themselves to scientific and pedagogical activities.


The relationship between North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) changes and northern stratospheric ozone recovery in the near future is investigated using four timeslice scenarios (1960, 1980, 1990, 2015) of the chemistry‐climate model ECHAM4.L39(DLR)/CHEM. A wintertime NAO index composite study of the scenario "1990" and of the ECMWF reanalyses shows the typical NAO patterns: in the positive phase the stratospheric polar vortex is stronger and colder than in the negative phase. In the troposphere, the positive phase is marked by increased variance across the North Atlantic stormtrack whereas the negative phase is suggestive of blocking. Consistently, vertical stationary (transient) wave propagation is reduced (enhanced) in the positive phase. The model NAO index decreases significantly from "1990" to "2015". This coincides with enhanced vertical stationary wave propagation and a dynamical heating of the northern polar stratosphere. Thus, tropospheric circulation changes might influence stratospheric dynamics and hence northern hemisphere ozone evolution.


The invention relates to a data frame routing device and an LED (Light Emitting Diode) display control system. The data frame routing device comprises a logical processing module and four two-way data ports, wherein every two two-way data ports form a pair of same-group ports; the logical processing module is used for controlling the other pair of same-group ports and the other one of the two two-way data ports in one pair of same-group ports to carry out real-time two-way transparent forwarding when the data frame of one of the two two-way data ports in the one pair of same-group ports is lost, controlling the other one of the two two-way data ports in the one pair of same-group ports and the other one of the two two-way data ports in the other pair of same-group ports to carry out real-time two-way transparent forwarding when the data frame of one of the two two-way data ports in the one pair of same-group ports and the data frame of one of the two two-way data ports in the other pair of same-group ports are lost, and controlling one two-way data port to return the data frame in a reverse direction after receiving the data frame when the only one two-way data port can receive the data frame. By adopting the data frame routing device and the LED display control system, the reliability of the system can be greatly improved.


In clinically isolated syndromes, the new McDonald criteria for multiple sclerosis diagnosis require new gadolinium‐enhancing lesions for dissemination in time at a 3‐month follow‐up magnetic resonance imaging scan. In a cohort of 56 patients, these criteria were specific (95%) but less sensitive (58%) for clinically definite multiple sclerosis at 3 years. If new T2 lesions were allowed as an alternative for dissemination in time, sensitivity increased (74%) with maintained specificity (92%), enabling an accurate diagnosis of multiple sclerosis in more patients. Ann Neurol 2003;53:673–676


In [2] are considered n-Banach spaces, and in [4] are considered bounded and continuous linear n-functionals defined on n-normed space and several theorems connected with them, are proved. Then is proved that: Linear n-functional F is continuous if and only if F is bounded (theorem 4). In this paper, a dual space X∗ of space of bounded linear n-functionals is considered and it is proved that: if X is n-Banach space than (X∗, ||.||) is Banach space.


Shape memory polymers (SMPs) as a kind of functional material have attracted great attention in aerospace field. High temperature resistant, high mechanical strength and space environment resistant materials are needed in practical applications. In this paper, the cyanate ester resin with a high glass transition temperature 219.4 °C and a high storage modulus 2.14 GPa was fabricated. The effect of different dose of γ-rays radiation on shape memory cyanate ester (SMCE) resin was investigated. Compared to the SMCE resin, the storage modulus of the irradiated SMCE who underwent 1000 KGy radiation increased 2.6% and the stretching strain exceeded 44.5%. The shape recovery rate of SMCE reached up to 99.6% and that of the irradiated SMCE is 98.8%. Moreover, carbon fiber fabric reinforced cyanate-based composites were prepared via a sandwich mold perfusion method for increasing resin's strength and load, whose shape recovery time was shorter than that of SMCE. Thermosetting SMPs and their composites with high transition temperature and good irradiation resistance performances is expected to play an important role on spacecraft in the future.


Social interruptions are frequent occurrences that often have distressing consequences for employees, yet little research has gauged their effect on individuals. Participants were exposed to 2 social interruptions as they engaged in a computer task with an accepted performance goal. Participants who were able to anticipate social interruptions performed significantly better than did those who could not anticipate them. Participants who had the opportunity to prevent interruptions reported significantly less stress than those who did not have this opportunity. This reduction in stress resulted even when participants did not take advantage of this opportunity. Implications for job performance and job satisfaction are discussed. Organizational strategies for how leaders can help employees manage social interruptions are suggested. In recent years, as networking within organizations has become more complex, interactive, and interdependent, the social interruption has established itself as a widespread problem (Perlow, 1999). Although managers frequently cite social interruptions as among the most burdensome of workplace realities, research on interruptions has been predominantly limited to the domains of communications, technology, computing, aviation, and cognition, with little investigation by social psychologists or scholars in organizational behavior (for a review, see McFarlane and Latorella, 2002). Specifically, little academic research has investigated the best methods for curtailing the negative consequences of social interruptions. We propose that two basic functions of social perception, control and anticipation, will allow individuals to cope better with the debilitating consequences of these disruptions to work flow and concentration.


In this study, a mesoporous silica aerogel-supported cobalt (Co/SAG) nanocomposite synthesized by a facile chemical reduction was used as an alternative catalyst for hydrogen generation from aqueous NH3BH3. The result showed that Co/SAG exhibited 41% higher hydrogen generation rate for the NH3BH3 hydrolysis than the ordered mesoporous silica (MCM-41)-supported Co catalysts (Co/MCM-41) prepared by the same reduction method. This is attributed to the fact that the Co nanoparticles were smaller (less than 5 nm in diameter) and better-deposited in SAG than MCM-41 as observed in the TEM micrographs. It is also found that the Co/SAG catalyst delivered superior turnover frequency (3013 ml H2 min−1 gmetal−1) and activation energy (46.4 kJ mol−1) than most of the Co-based catalysts reported. This study showed that the Co/SAG prepared is a potential non-precious catalyst for hydrogen generation from aqueous NH3BH3.


With the operation principle analysis of air-source heat pump hot water unit,this paper presents the calculation methods of coal consumption and contrasts the energy consumption of air-source heat pump with other several heating equipment which bums natural gas,kerosene,electricity and solar energy respecti vely.Some restriction factors to the energy saving of air-source heat pump hot water unit and solutions are discussed.


This paper presents a new approach for frequency control service offered by grid-connected battery energy storage systems (BESSs) in case of credible disturbances. The proposed control scheme consists of two feedback layers which produce active power signal for the BESS using the grid frequency as an input. The first layer includes the so-called conventional power-frequency slope equipped with an intelligent frequency max-min detection block to enhance BESS participation in primary frequency response. The IEEE multi-band power system stabilizer (MBPSS) is integrated into the second layer generating an additional modulation signal. The performance of the proposed control scheme is well optimized using a modal performance index taking into account stability and robustness constraints. Simulation results on the studied benchmarks confirm the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme in improving frequency response.


Mahalanobis D2 analysis was employed to study the genetic diversity of 30 gladiolus genotypes. A wide genetic diversity was observed among the 30 genotypes and the genotypes were grouped into eight clusters. The clustering pattern indicated that the geographic diversity need not necessarily be related to the genetic diversity. This could be evidenced from the study that genotypes from the same eco-geographic region did scatter in eight clusters. Similarly, genotypes from different eco-geographic regions were identified in one cluster. The inter-cluster distance was found maximum between cluster III and VIII followed by VI and VII. The genotypes in these clusters may possibly be utilized for hybridization through suitable breeding system for the successful exploitation of heterosis in gladiolus.


The invention discloses a wireless communication device and system for realizing file sharing and a file sharing method to realize file sharing among wireless communication devices in a scene of application of wireless communication technology with short range and low speed. The method comprises the following steps: receiving a menu list request from a second wireless communication device by a first wireless communication device based on a short-range wireless communication link; acquiring menu information of locally open shared files according to the menu list request; and sending a menu listresponse to the second wireless communication device based on the short-range wireless communication link, wherein the menu list response carries the menu list of the locally open shared files of thefirst wireless communication device so that the second wireless communication device maps the menu list to a local file system of the second wireless communication device.


The RVLM, a brainstem site critical in cardiovascular regulation, contains angiotensin Type 1 receptors (AT1R) and stimulation of these receptors increases arterial pressure. Elevated stimulation of these receptors may contribute to sympathoexcitation seen in some rat models of hypertension, as injection of AT1R antagonists into RVLM decreases arterial pressure in these hypertensive models. Within the RVLM, there are two groups of spinally‐projecting sympathoexcitatory neurons based on neurochemical phenotype: those that contain catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes, termed C1 cells, and those that do not. Although evidence supports the hypothesis that the C1 and the AT1R‐expressing populations of the RVLM overlap, this hypothesis has not been tested. Local injection of saporin toxin conjugated to a dopamine‐beta‐hydroxylase antibody(antiDBH‐Sap) selectively destroys C1 cells. Using this lesioning approach, we examined the effect of C1 cell depletion on density of AT1R binding sites in the RVLM. Autoradiographic localization of (125)‐I‐sarcosine(1), isoleucine(8) Ang II revealed high affinity AT1R binding in the RVLM. Selective unilateral lesions of C1 neurons in the RVLM reduced AT1R binding in the RVLM compared to the unlesioned side and the RVLM of rats injected with a control toxin. These data suggest that a large proportion of AT1R in the RVLM are located on C1 neurons. (NIH HL‐55687, HL‐76083)


We tested experimentally the idea of reducing the number of buttons in the gaze-based text entry system by replacing all vowels with a single diamond character, which we call super-vowel. It is inspired by historical optimizations of the written language, like Abjar. This way, the number of items on the screen was reduced, simplifying text input and allowing to make the buttons larger. However, the modification can also be a distractor that increases the number of errors. As a result of an experiment on 29 people, it turned out that in the case of non-standard methods of entering text, the modification slightly increases the speed of entering the text and reduces the number of errors. However, this does not apply to the standard keyboard, a direct transformation of physical computer keyboards with a Qwerty button layout.


Objective This experiment aimed to confirm whether man made porous chitosan scaffold is a appropriate scaffold for chondrocyte culutre of tissue engineering Methods Chondrocytes were seeded onto porous chitosan and chitosan collagen complex scaffolds for culture in a three dimensional environment The scaffolds in hydrophilia and adhesion to chondrocytes were observed with light microscope and scanning electron microscope The number of the cells attached to the scaffolds and the function of the cells were detected with MTT automated colormetric microassay Result Chondrocytes can multiple and secrete the matrix on the poros chitosan and chitosan collagensc scaffolds The cell adhesion rates were 81 25% and 87 50% respectively Conclusion Chitosan can be fabricated into a suitable three dimensional porous scaffold Porous chitosan collagen complex scafflold may be a more suitable scaffold for chondrocyte culutre of tissue engineering


FPGA modeling techniques for DUT's are currently the state-of-the-art in the testing and verification industry for ASIC designs and with a growing interest in smart house solutions, a quick time to market is a benefit for any company. The system presented in this paper consists of an FPGA-based multifunctional digital clock with a temperature sensor connected to a Microblaze CPU and a control and monitoring unit consisting of a software running on a Raspberry PI 3B with an enhanced version of Linux with PreemptRT patch. The paper presents the design and testing of the system and also an analysis of the optimizations considered for the proposed system.


West Nile virus (WNV) is a zoonotic, emerging mosquito-borne virus which can cause severe disease in the form of encephalitis and acute flaccid paralysis in humans. In Assam, northeast India, arboviruses seem to be re-emerging, however, WNV has been little studied. The present investigation was carried out from April, 2018 to March, 2019 to study sero-positivity of WNV in chicken in urban and peri-urban areas of Guwahati, the capital city of Assam. Four urban and four peri-urban areas of Guwahati were selected. A total of 864 chicken serum samples (72 samples per month) were screened by ELISA and further confirmed by haemagglutination inhibition (HI), which revealed that 3.13% of the chickens had been exposed to WNV, with 0.69% sero-positivity in urban areas compared to 5.56% in peri-urban. Peak sero-prevalence of WNV were reported during the month of July and August with 8.33% each with lowest sero-prevalence being recorded in November (1.39%) and no sero-positive birds from December to April. These results indicate that WNV is one of the actively circulating flaviviruses in Assam, and human febrile and encephalitic cases should be screened for the disease.


Patterns of choice behavior have been examined in retailing for long with the intention to align marketing instruments to specific customer needs. Predominantly socioeconomic and demographic variables have been constituent in clustering customers in different homogenous target groups. Yet, the tendency of tradition losing its value limits the ability of socioeconomic and demographic aspects to discriminate among consumers (Flemming and Bak-Jensen 1972). New approaches for identification of consumption patterns have been distinctions due to reaction to innovation, lifestyles (e.g. Wells 1975), values (e.g. Mitchell 1978). The distinction of these typologies, however, often rests on uni-dimensional attributes which doubtfully reflects the complexity of the underlying dynamics.
Our studies propose a new approach to segment customers. As some comparable psychographic segmentation methods have already reflected (e.g. Kahle 1983), it can be assumed, that shared psychological profiles determine collective consumption patterns. Research in analysing the relationship between these two variables is far from complete (Fournier Antes and Beaumier 1992). The findings suggest a two step segmentation process whereas customers typologies are portrayed through actual consumption behaviors rather than abstracted constructs (e.g. lifestyles, values), which are believed to support certain in-store customer choice behavior.
As the conceptual foundation, we apply the theory of the Optimum Stimulation Level (OSL) which presumes, that people tend to prefer intermediate levels of stimulation (e.g. Berlyne 1960; Fiske and Maddi 1961). The need for stimulation is thereby operationalized through different personal characteristics such as personal traits, demographic variables and general exploratory tendencies (Raju 1980). These personality variables are crucial to cluster customers in a first step segmentation process. The literature suggests furthermore that the individual OSL affects the degree of exploratory tendencies across many situations. These OSL-specific in-store choice patterns can be revealed and compared to each other (identification of discriminate variables) through verbal-protocol coding schemes (e.g. Bettman 1971; Biehal and Chakravarti 1982). This method (second step segmentation process) subsequently leads to a synthesis between personal traits (OSL) and in-store customer choice behavior. Since these typologies are characterized through stable individual differences (McReynolds 1971; Steenkamp and Baumgartner 1992), the distinction on the basis of the OSL is promising for segmenting customers. Given that the OSL influences the extend of individual curiosity-motivation, variety seeking, risk taking and innovative behavior (e.g. Berlyne 1960), OSL-adapted marketing measures could be effective for augmenting the profile of retail businesses.
It can be emphasized that it is crucial to address the different OSL-categories properly. There is a general agreement, that if external stimuli (e.g. information overload or conflicting messages) disturb the individual's OSL, their behavior gets disrupted as well (Raju and Venkatesan 1980). Deviations from the optimum leads either to stimulus seeking or avoidance behavior - this in order to maintain the OSL. For the draft of retail strategy these findings imply, that sophisticated marketing measures tempt to confuse customers (especially the ones with low OSLs) whereas slight assortment variety tends to bore individuals (especially the ones with high OSLs) in the retail store. Confused or bored customers are inclined to abort the buying decision process or to switch brands/retail stores respectively. These kinds of reactions cause consumer buying tiredness and lead consequently to lower revenues for retailers.
To summarize our conceptual findings: Through segmenting consumers by their OSL it is possible to address customers in such a way, that the individual obtains exactly as much stimuli as he requires to maintain a pleasant level of stimuli (OSL). Due to this segmenting method, it is possible to retain customers by means of customer-oriented measures without confusing or boring them.


BACKGROUND
Preclinical data indicate that dual HER2 inhibition overcomes trastuzumab resistance and that use of an HER2 inhibitor with an anti-angiogenic agent may augment responses.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
We conducted a dose-escalation, phase I study of a combination of trastuzumab, lapatinib and bevacizumab. The subset of patients with metastatic breast cancer was analyzed for safety and response.

RESULTS
Twenty-six patients with metastatic breast cancer (median = 7 prior systemic therapies) (all with prior trastuzumab; 23 with prior lapatinib; one with prior bevacizumab) received treatment on a range of dose levels. The most common treatment-related grade 2 or higher toxicities were diarrhea (n = 11, 42%) and skin rash (n = 2, 8%). The recommended phase 2 dose was determined to be the full Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved doses for all the three agents (trastuzumab 8 mg/kg loading dose, 6 mg/kg maintenance dose, intravenously every 3 weeks; lapatinib 1250 mg daily, bevacizumab 15 mg/kg intravenously every 3 weeks). The overall rate of stable disease (SD) ≥6 months and partial or complete remission (PR/CR) was 50% (five patients with SD ≥6 months; seven PRs (including one unconfirmed); one CR). The rate of SD ≥6 months/PR/CR was not compromised in patients who had previously received study drugs, those with brain metastases, and patients treated at lower dose levels.

CONCLUSIONS
The combination of trastuzumab, lapatinib and bevacizumab was well-tolerated at maximally approved doses of each drug, and its activity in heavily pretreated patients with metastatic breast cancer suggests that it warrants further investigation.

CLINTRIALSGOV ID
NCT00543504.


Flooding events cause economic, social and environmental damage and lives loss. In Albania, the rivers constitute the highest flood risk. Basic knowledge for apprehending the flood risk concerns the frequency and intensity of floods, the exposition of humans and assets to flooding, their sensitivity to floodwater and their susceptibility to suffer damage. My study case is located in Buna River area. This is a zone with frequent flood risk. A detailed analysis of the current state, problems and issues of the area is structured around topic areas elaborated in detail. The assessments, maps and developed catalogues of measures shall fulfil the obligations of the "European Directive 2007/60/EC on the assessment and management of flood risks". According to the Directive flood risk management shall address all aspects of floods risk management, including prevention, protection and preparedness.


(57) Abstract: reciprocating pumps, comprising a housing (12) having an annular passage extending between the open end facing the piston (22) is an annular passage between the ground located at each open end It is disposed within. Pressure chamber assembly has with arranged in each housing end, the chamber head attached to the housing end. Pressure member is disposed in each chamber head attached to respective opposite ends of the piston. Pressure chamber is formed between the pressure member and the inner surface of each chamber head. Pressure member is a one piece structure that includes a nose portion of the solid (18) a hollow skirt portion (104). Hollow skirt portion has an inserted flanged end between each chamber head and the housing end to form an airtight and liquid-tight seal.


Kangaroo mother care (KMC) is a safe and effective method of reducing neonatal mortality in resource‐limited settings, but there has been a lack of data on the duration of skin‐to‐skin contact (SSC) in busy, low‐resource newborn units. Previous studies of intermittent KMC suggest the duration of SSC ranged from 10 minutes to 17 hours per day.


Isovaleric acidemia (IVA) is an autosomal recessively inherited organic aciduria characterized by a deficiency in isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase, that has wide clinical variability and that can present in infancy with acute manifestations of vomiting, failure to thrive, seizures, lethargy, a characteristic ''sweaty feet'' odor, acute pancreatitis and mild to severe developmental delay or in childhood with metabolic acidosis (brought on by prolonged fasting, an increased intake of protein-rich food or infections) and that can be fatal if not treated immediately. Chronic intermittent presentations and asymptomatic patients have also been reported.


We present a new Magneto-Telluric (MT) data processing scheme based on an emerging non linear, non stationary time series analysis tool, called the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) or Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT), to transform data into a non-stationary frequency domain and a robust principal component regression to estimate the most likely MT transfer functions from the data with the 2-σ confidence intervals computed by a bootstrap algorithm. Optionally, data quality can be controlled by a physical coherence and a signal power filter.


Akhmadi NR, Sumarmiyati. 2015. Exploration and characterization of kapul (Baccaurea macrocarpa) fruit in West Kutai District, East Kalimantan. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 1: 923-929. West Kutai District, East Kalimantan Province has many biodiversities, such as local fruit specific locations that are characteristic of the region. Kapul or tampoi (Baccaurea macrocarpa) fruit is one of the fruits which consumed by local people in rural and forest areas in West Kutai. The aims of this study were to characterize the genetic resources of kapul fruit in West Kutai. Exploration and characterization were conducted in May to June 2014 in West Kutai. The existence of local fruit needs serious concern especially for conservation and preservation because the existence of local fruit begins to extinction now. Kapul fruit collection was done in the backyard farmers, gardens, also forest as natural habitat. The field research methods were included: (i) exploration, (ii) characterization and (iii) data recapitulation in the data passport followed by documentation of the data. The result showed that white, yellow and small kapul (jentikan) had specific morphological characteristics both stems, leaves, and fruit.


The article is devoted to the study of the export p tential of agricultural products and their competitiveness in the foreign market. The peculiar ities and dynamics of changes in the export and import of agro-food products are revealed and t he main directions of development of the industry are taken into account, including the fact ors of global influence. The internal agrarian market by the level of provis ion of agricultural products, as well as the external market by the volume of export and import of agrarian products in Ukraine is investigated. The article substantiates and systema tizes the indicator and competitiveness of agricultural food products. A comparative analysis of indices of relative competitive advantages for certain types of agricultural produc ts, which provide an opportunity to assess their competitiveness in the global agricultural ma rket was conducted.


Cubital tunnel syndrome is the most common site of ulnar nerve compression and affects the general population and athletes, alike. When ulnar neuropathy is encountered, an understanding of the pathology, a deliberate clinical approach to the patient, and the usage of diagnostic studies aid in synthesizing a successful treatment plan. Nonoperative management is recommended for patients with mild, transient symptoms; operative intervention is performed on those that fail nonoperative modalities or present with moderate to severe pathology. When examining the overhead athlete, it is equally important to evaluate the competency of the medial ulnar collateral ligament in the setting of ulnar neuropathy. This article will discuss cubital tunnel syndrome as it pertains to both the general population and to the athletic population as well as describe our preferred operative techniques and recommended postoperative protocols.


Poster: "ECR 2014 / C-2115 / Assessment of deep and cortical gray matter involvement via DTI and correlation with volumetric analysis in MS patients" by: "I. Cam1, H. K. Bickin1, Y. Anik1, M. Gencturk1, A. Akca1, B. Ozkul1, A. Demirci1, Z. Sakci2; 1Kocaeli/TR, 2istanbul/TR"


There are two obvious ways of handling my subject; if you like, penny plain and twopence coloured. The first is to assume that all the Protestant Reformers had the same doctrine, and that this is much the same as the teaching of the New Testament. All we then have to do is file quotations under the various sub-headings, "Sola fide, sola gratia": "sola scriptura": "soli deo gloria." There is something in this. About justification by only Faith, there is a remarkable convergence of early Protestant testimony. The recent anthology by Mr Philip E. Hughes entitled "The Theology of the English Reformers" almost gets away with it. Much harder, the twopence coloured way, would be to answer this question by a history of hermeneutics in the 16th century, showing from decade to decade how the Reformers expounded the Holy Scriptures. One day perhaps a team of scholars will perform this huge and valuable task for us. Mine is perhaps the three halfpenny way, to look at some of the differing patterns, while bearing in mind the possibility of a common norm, and not forgetting that 'pattern' may be too rigid a word for the molten ferment of early Reformation theology. The Reformers were Christians, not inventors of a new religion, so that when we come to the diristological core of their setting of the gospel, it is within the classical doctrines and definitions of the person and work of Christ that they move, while even about predestination, they have few new questions to ask, or answers to give which had not already been propounded during the long, intricate debates of the later middle Ages. My perspective is conditioned by my own vast ignorances, so that I propose to treat my theme between the dates AD. and BC. which means, in this case, "After Dante and Before Calvin." To begin with Dante's Divine Comedy is to place ourselves at the watershed of the middle Ages and to be reminded that the mediaeval view of salvation was set in stark chiaroscuro, light and dark. Sheep and goats: godly and ungodly: heaven and hell: saved and damned, elect and reprobate a dichotomy which persists through the writings of the Reformers from Luther's first lectures to Calvins last sermons. Salvation from sin and the devil and death and eternal torment: to perfection within the Body of Christ to the Beatific Vision.


Land degradation in semiarid regions is a result of natural processes that can be induced or intensified by man through the inadequate use of natural resources, resulting in the degradation of vegetation, soil and water resources. Aiming to relate vegetation and soil degradation processes in the Agreste region of Pernambuco State, soil and vegetation in twelve representative plots were characterized as preserved, moderately degraded and degraded environments in the municipality of Jatauba. To study the vegetation, plants were stratified in three layers or height classes: 3 - plants taller than 3.0 m, sampled in the total plot area (200 m2); 2 - plants with a height between 0.51-3.0 m, sampled in an area of 100 m2; 1 - plants with height equal to or less than 0.50 m, sampled in 18 miniplots of 25 x 50 cm. Soils were morphologically characterized in each plot and samples collected from each horizon for physical, chemical and mineralogical analysis. The vegetation of the 2nd stratum showed a great decrease in absolute density as a result of soil degradation intensity. Species with highest relative densities were: Neoglaziovia variegata (caroa) and Cordia leucocephala (moleque-duro) in the preserved area; Bromelia laciniosa (macambira), Aspidosperma pyrifolium (pereiro) and Caesalpinia pyramidalis (catingueira), in the moderately degraded area; and C. pyramidalis and Sida galheirensis (malva branca), in the degraded area. The soil properties of the Planosols that were strongly correlated with the preserved vegetation were the gravel contents in surface horizons, thickness of A + E horizons, and the concentration of organic carbon. The occurrence of soil crusting and erosion, as well as high percentages of exchangeable sodium was observed with greater intensity at the degraded sites covered by more sparse vegetation.


Abstract: Understanding how to assess, secure, and manage an airway can save a patient's life in an emergent situation. This article briefly describes the basics of airway management in the acute care setting.


Unplanned urban population growth in developing countries such as Sri Lanka exert pressures on the sectors of water supply, sewage disposal, waste management, and surface drainage in the cities as well as their surrounding areas. The Mid-canal is considered the most polluted surface water body in the Kandy district of Sri Lanka and contributes significantly to pollution of the Mahaweli River. Health problems in the nearby population may well be associated with environmental degradation and related to deteriorated water quality. The overall objectives of this study were to identify the socio-economic status of the community settled along the Meda Ela banks, and to examine the current water quality status of the Meda Ela and possible impacts of the nearby residents on water quality. Additionally, we propose remedial measures concerning wastewater and solid waste disposal to improve environmental conditions in this area.


© 2006 Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Ophthalmologists having an Anaesthetist in the team (routine procedure, low complication rate, overqualified practitioner, saves money) are the same as those for not having a surgeon performing the operation. Dispensing with the Anaesthetist may save a little money, dispensing with the surgeon in favour of a 'phaco-technician' would save significantly more. I have justified the need for a copilot: it is up to ophthalmologists to justify the continued use of the pilot. I was interested to note that Dr Haddad uses oxazepam for perioperative sedation for his anxious cataract patients. Oxazepam has a half-life of up to 20 h and, being one of the most slowly absorbed benzodiazepines, reaches its peak effect at 3 h after administration. Maximal sedation therefore occurs after the patient arrives back home from their operation and lasts far longer than necessary. This is one example of the value of having someone with a sound knowledge of the pharmacokinetics of sedative agents as part of the team. There is more to removing a patient's cataract than the mere technical act, which is why a multidisciplinary approach to patient care is required.


A 1.5-GeV Fixed-Field Alternating-Gradient (FFAG) proton Accelerator is being studied as a new injector to the Alternating-Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) of Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). The major benefit is that it would considerably shorten the overall AGS acceleration cycle, and, consequently, may yield to an improvement of beam stability, intensity and size. The AGS-FFAG will also facilitate the proposed upgrade of the AGS facility toward a 1-MW average proton beam power at the top energy of 28 GeV. This paper describes the FFAG design for acceleration of protons from 400 MeV to 1.5 GeV, with the same circumference of the AGS, and entirely housed in the AGS tunnel.


Background: Diabetic foot problems accounts for about nearly 50% of diabetes related hospital admission.  About 49-85% of all diabetic foot related problems are preventable if appropriate measures are taken. The objective of the study was to assess the awareness and practice towards foot self - care among patients of known type 2 diabetes mellitus in a rural area. Methods: The present study was conducted among patients with type 2 diabetes, attending Non-communicable disease (NCD) clinic, Rural Health Training Centre (RHTC), Sri Ramachandra University (SRU), Tamil Nadu, India. 31 participants gave written consent for their participation and they were interviewed using a questionnaire. Data entry and analysis was done using statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 16 version software. Results: Mean age of participant was 54.5years. Regarding awareness, 64.5% were unaware that they need to give special attention to foot care, 77.4% were unaware that smoking causes poor circulation affecting the feet. Poor foot practices are; 67.7% do not check inside of footwear for objects before putting them on and 74.2% walk barefoot and 54.8% did not cut their toenails properly. Conclusions: Foot self-care awareness and practices among patients with diabetes were found to be poor. This implies an urgent need for health educating the patients which may prevent disability and reduce medical expenditure in long run.


The inherent asymmetry of the electric transport in graphene is attributed to Klein tunneling across barriers defined by $pn$-interfaces between positively and negatively charged regions. By combining conductance and shot noise experiments we determine the structure of the tunneling barrier in a high-quality suspended sample with Au/Cr/Au contacts. We observe an asymmetric resistance $R_{\textrm{odd}}=100-70$ $\Omega$ across the Dirac point at carrier density $|n|=0.3-4 \cdot 10^{11}$ cm$^{-2}$, while the Fano factor displays a non-monotonic asymmetry in the range $F_{\textrm{odd}} \sim 0.03 - 0.1$. Our findings agree with Klein tunneling calculations based on the Dirac equation with a trapezoidal barrier. Comparison between the model and the data yields the barrier height for tunneling, an estimate of the thickness of the interface $d < 20$ nm, and the contact region doping corresponding to a Fermi level offset of $\sim - 18$ meV. Strong pinning of the Fermi level under the metallic contact is observed due to large contact capacitance.


As digital video signal processing for display device requires high-speed transmission and real-time processing,the circuit system must give a powerful data-processing capacity.A scheme of video signal processing system for FED(Field Emission Display) which constructed by DSP of TMS320C6713 and FPGA of XC3S200-PQ208 is introduced.The circuit system combines the advantages of both DSP and FPGA,with a microprocessor embedded system function and parallel algorithm structure,and provides a good solution to the high-speed and real-time signal processing.


This paper makes a survey of the concerning foreign literature about how a host country's tax policy influences the inflow of FDI,how the different tax policies in a country influence the distribution of FDI among different parts in the country,and how the different countries' tax policies influence the distribution of FDI among different countries.The diversity of conclusions is made from different types of tax rate,different location factors and different host countries.


BACKGROUND
HIV-associated NAFLD is characterized by a high prevalence of hepatic fibrosis as a strong clinical predictor of all-cause and liver-specific mortality.

METHODS
We leveraged data from a recent clinical trial to define the circulating proteomic signature of hepatic fibrosis in HIV-associated NAFLD. 183 plasma proteins within two high-multiplex panels were quantified at baseline and 12-months using proximity extension assays (Olink Cardiovascular III, Immuno-Oncology).

RESULTS
Twenty proteins were upregulated at baseline among participants with fibrosis stages 2-3 versus 0-1 (P ≤ 0.01, FDR ≤ 0.10). Proteins most differentially expressed included MMP-2 (P = 0.0004), IGFBP-7 (P = 0.001), and COL1A1 (P = 0.001). Proteins were enriched within pathways such as response to tumor necrosis factor (FDR = 1.03e-16), aminopeptidase activity (FDR = 1.20e-5), and positive regulation of apoptotic process (FDR = 8.17e-6). Key proteins also were found to directly relate to visceral adiposity and glucose intolerance, and to inversely correlate with CD4+ T-cell count. Within the placebo-treated arm, 11 proteins differentially increased among individuals with hepatic fibrosis progression over 12-months (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS
Among individuals with HIV-associated NAFLD, hepatic fibrosis was associated with a distinct proteomic signature involving upregulation of tissue repair and immune response pathways. These findings enhance our understanding of potential mechanisms and biomarkers of hepatic fibrosis in HIV.


Primary cultures of embryonic rat cerebral cortex were treated after 17 days in vitro for 10 min with a single dose of the non‐competitive antagonists of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor MK 801, TCP, and GK 11. They were then maintained in vitro for 31, 59, or 73 days, and then processed for the immu‐nocytochemical detection of neuron‐specific enolase (NSE). Immunoreactive cells were counted in treated and control cultures, and it was found that, except at 31 days, treated cultures contained far more NSE immunoreactive cells than controls. Moreover, this effect was dose‐dependent, since with both TCP and GK 11 neuron survival was significantly higher with, respectively, 20 μM and 5 μM than with the lowest concentration of 2.5 μM. We tentatively conclude that spontaneous neuron death occurring in primary cultures in vitro is at least partly related to the NMDA‐associated Ca++ property of the molecules we used is to block this channel. The relevance of this mechanism of cell death in vitro to neuronal death in vivo is discussed.


Methods for determining a treatment's efficacy are continually evolving and improving, yet challenge clearly exist. Even now, assessment of large-scale, multi-dimensional, Web-delivered programs brings with it a host of difficulties. We describe a framework for measuring the impact of PRISM (Portal Resources for Indiana Science and Mathematics), a digital resources library and a "community of practice" for Indiana teachers of middle school mathematics, science, and technology


Placement is one of the most important techniques in modern field-programmable gate array design. Generally, analytical placement method optimizes the wire-length in global stage while allowing overlaps between blocks and is followed by a legalization step to remove all overlaps. In this paper, we propose a window based legalization method to remove all overlaps and place all instances at legalized locations based on the architecture of the given field-programmable gate array. The experimental results show that our window based legalization method produces significantly better results than a conventional greedy method in terms of wire-length, total displacements, and CPU time.


There is an urgent need for modernisation of aeronautical meteorological instruments considering the exponential growth of aviation industry in India.  As a part of modernization, an attempt has been made by the authors to design and develop an Integrated Automated Current Weather Instruments System (IACWIS) for the continuous monitoring of wind direction and speed, temperature and dew point at the touchdown zone of the runway. This system being digital has a lot of advantages such as vector averaging  for wind direction and  wind speed, data archival and amenable for further analysis etc. The system after successful field trials has been installed at seven international airports in the country (Bangalore, Calicut, Diu, Hyderabad, Lucknow, Nagpur and New Delhi). The system meets the operationally desirable accuracy  requirements of International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO, 2004) and vector averaging of wind data as recommended by World Meteorological Organisation (WMO, 1992). The system design capabilities and scope for expansion have been presented in this paper.


To improve the identification precision of flow-rate characteristics of pneumatic solenoid valves, a new algorithm called Cbm algorithm is proposed. The error formation mechanism of current algorithm defined by the ISO6358/DIS-3 is analyzed. The Cbm algorithm has reduced the errors of pressure derivative by changing the calculation procedure of multivariable optimization. Five pneumatic solenoid valves are tested to compare the identification precision of different algorithms. The comparison results show that the Cbm algorithm improves the identification precision of flow-rate characteristics. The identification errors of sonic conductance of the Cbm algorithm are less than 4%, and the identification errors of critical pressure ratio of the Cbm algorithm are less than 10%.


of the logic of science, passes for theory in much of Anglo-American social science. I never set out to 'do theory' or to 'construct a theory' per se … it is a complete misapprehension of my project to believe that I am attempting some kind of 'synthesis of classical theory' à la Parsons. There is no doubt a theory in my work, or better, a set of thinking tools visible through the results they yield, but it is not built as such. This opposition between the pure theory of the lector devoted to the hermeneutic cult of the scriptures of the founding fathers (if not his own writings), on the one hand, and survey research and methodology on the other is an entirely social opposition. It is inscribed in the institutional and mental structures of the sociological profession, rooted in the academic distribution of resources, positions, and competencies, as when whole schools (for example, conversation analysis or status attainment research) are based almost entirely on one particular method, and reinforced by the political demand for instruments of rationalisation of social domination – and it must be rejected. (Bourdieu in Wacquant 1989: 51)


INTRODUCTION Since the late 1970s, New Public Management (NPM) has been advocated worldwide. It is now being practiced not only in Western Europe and the U.S., but also in Latin America, Eastern Europe, Asia, and Africa (Hodge, 2000; Banerjee and Munger, 2004). The well-known values of NPM are entrepreneurship and competition, but privatization has been a significant policy tool of NPM. Privatization has been analyzed from several perspectives during the last three decades. Feigenbaum and Henig (1994) see privatization policy as a political phenomenon rather than as a simple technical adjustment to the outside environment. On the other hand, Stigler (1971) and Buchanan (1986) analyzed regulatory policies from an economic perspective and pointed out that state-owned enterprises would be comparatively inefficient. In short, the core concept of privatization is "to scale the activity of public services and the ownership of assets of government down, make the private sector play more in public services delivery, and make the role of government fundamentally change." (Buchanan, 1986; Feigenbaum and Henig, 1994; Stigler, 1971) We have supplemented the usual arguments for privatization here. Efficiency, competitiveness, reduced corruption, and fidelity to the public interest have been evident in Korea when that country implemented privatization. We selected the Chunghwa Telecom (CHT) Company, the largest telecom company in Taiwan, for our case study. Using qualitative data from several important government figures and the staff of CHT, we argue that the experiences of CHT could be instructive for other state-owned enterprises. Efficiency or Insufficiency? Some Controversies Surrounding Privatization The literature on privatization has grown rapidly since the 1980s. For example, the British privatization program has been widely acclaimed as a major economic and political success (Marsh, 1991: 459). However, as we reviewed the experiences of privatization in this decade in other countries, we asked the following question: "Is privatization a panacea?" Overall, the core spirit of privatization is "steering rather than rowing" (Osborne and Gaebler, 1992). However, it is important to ask whether a government is indeed capable of steering. We discuss two major issues that usually surface when government assets or public services are privatized, corruption and the public interest. Controversy 1: Privatization promotes efficiency. As Banerjee and Munger (2004: 214) observed, from the 1930s to the 1980s the trend was toward centralization, i.e. the nation had pervasive public ownership of assets. However, as a consequence of economic conditions, the activity of international agencies, and neo-conservative political ideology, the role of the state has been transformed. According to the Chicago School or the Public Choice School, liberalization and deregulation are the core values of privatization (Jackson and Price, 1994; Swann, 1993). Jackson and Price (1994: 25) caution, however, that it would be wrong to judge the success or performance of privatization purely in terms of its cost efficiency. Society has other goals and these are in large measure reflected in the objectives of public enterprises. Controversy 2: Privatization facilitates organizational competitiveness. Privatization in competitive industries is recognized as a key component of structural reform policies in both developed and developing countries. Experience and research have shown that privatizing state-owned firms in competitive sectors can be an effective way to correct economic inefficiencies, enhance competitiveness, and spur growth. For example, Nellis and Kikeri's (2002) survey of the empirical literature supports the widely accepted belief that privatization in competitive industries generally yields significant improvements in performance. It also shows that privatization does not necessarily lead to a decline in employment. …


ABSTRACT Increased demand for affordable housing and the limited availability of flat terrain for its construction are two major problems facing the provision of houses of acceptable quality in man...


FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: use of poly-hexamethylene-guanidine-hydrochloride (PGMG) as a catalyst for growth and development of crops is described, as well as the method to stimulate growth and development of corn and wheat including presowing seed processing, by spraying them with PGMG water solution with molecular weight 5, 000 to 9, 000 c.u. and the concentration 0.01-0.05% in the dose of 35-40 litres per 1 ton of seeds, including the stage of herbicidal growing. EFFECT: higher germinative capacity raise of corn and wheat seeds; stimulation of growth and development; lower phytopathogenic affection; increased crops yield. 2 cl, 7 tbl, 4 ex


In this study we calculated the energy levels of low lying structure for 104 – 108 Cd isotopes and the reduced transition B(E2) of even – even Cd nuclei for A=104,106, 108 by using" the interaction boson model IBM-1" and compared with experimental values .The ratio R(4/2) for the energy levels for 41 + and 21 + states were also calculated for those isotopes .The 104 – 108 Cd nuclei in " U(5) – O(6) transitional symmetry" were studied .The contour plots of the potential energy surfaces (P E S) was calculate for the isotopes above .


Industry has invested heavily in gene therapy since the first clinical trial in 1989. Ethical debates, regulations and public expectations have had a major impact on its commercial development.

Keywords:

gene therapy;
biotechnology industry;
public perception;
clinical development;
ethics


Objective To study the clinical results of treatments of multiple thoracic tuberculous associated paraplegia with one-staged anterior vertebrectomy, interbedy titanium mesh cage, autologous bone grafts, posterior internal fixation with nail (hook)-rod system, and to investigate the feasibility and the advan- tages of internal fixation for pathologic vertebra. Methods Twenty-three patients with multilevel thoracic tuberculous were treated in our department from Jan, 2000 to Dec. 2007, including 9 males and 14 females, with the mean age of 32.8 years (ranged from 18 to 61 years). All patients underwent thoracic spine X-ray, CT scan and MRI examination of pathologic vertebra before surgery. The podicle screw was placed when the normal remaining vertebral body was larger than 50%, and the laminar hook or nothing was placed if that smaller than 50%. To assess the neurological function in the patients with neurological changes before and after surgery according to the Frankel grade, and to observe the situation and fusion of the titanium mesh cage, according to X-ray measurements kyphosis Cobb angle before and after operation and the lost in the follow-up. Results The 23 cases of patients received follow-up for average 18.6 months. The correction of Cobb angle was from average 46.8° preoperatively to 20.7° postoperatively, and the lost was average 2.6°at the last follow-up. 4 cases were C, 3 cases were D and 16 cases were E of the Fankel grade at the last fol- low-up. There were found pleural injury of 1 case and hook dislocation of 1 case, and no found sinus forma- tion, vertebral tuberculous relapse and no loose and fracture of screws, rods and titanium mesh cages. Con- clusion It can get a good clinical efficacy to treat multiple thoracic tuberculous with one-staged surgical operation combined anterior vertebrectomy, interbody titanium mesh cage, autologous bone grafts, posterior internal fixation with nail (hook)-rod system, and can get fixation firmly and reduce the range of fixation.

Key words:
Tuberculosis, spinal;  Spinal fusion;  Treatment outcome


This research was conducted with the aim to knowing the description of the use of audio-visual media in the material of Indonesia's geographical location on learning outcomes for class V SD Negeri Tallo Tua 69 Makassar City. The independent variable in this study is audio-visual media and the dependent variable is learning outcomes. This research approach is quantitative with a Quasi-Experimental Desian type, with a Non-equivalent Control Group Design research design. The population in this study were all fifth-grade students of SD Negeri Tallo Tua 69 Makassar City, the samples were 21 students in class Va and 21 students in Vb. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques are tests, observations and documentation. The research data were obtained by giving learning outcomes tests in the form of pretest and posttest. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistical analysis and inferential data analysis which consists of hypothesis testing using an independent sample T-test. An overview of the use of audio-visual media is carried out by carrying out three stages, namely preparation, implementation and assignment stage. The description of learning outcomes shows that the students' pretest and posttest results progressed from poor to good. The results of hypothesis testing showed that audio-visual media influenced students' learning outcomes. The conclusion of this study is that audio-visual media has an effect on learning outcomes for fifth grade students of SD Negeri Tallo Tua 69 Makassar City


The maternal and newborn care nurse is an emerging occupation of professional nursing for mothers and newborns,which plays a very important role in improving and enhancing people's material life,spiritual life and the quality of the population. At present it has become a promising well-paid profession,with the maternal and newborn care nurse of high quality in short supply. In this paper,the feasibility of young obstetric nurses' serving as maternal and newborn care nurses was analyzed through a questionnaire survey so as to improve the quality and quantity of the maternal and newborn care nurse and provide more and better opportunity and means of employment for nursing and midwifery students.


Nanoparticles with sizes ranging between objects and microparticles (e.g. atom) have attracted much attention. These particles with various specialized functions not only deepen our understanding of nature, but also serve as the basis for the development of new advanced technology. The successful application of nanoparticles depends upon both the synthesis and the surface modification of these particles. Surface modification can improve the inherent characteristics of the nanoparticles and serve to prepare nanocomposites inexistent in nature. Nanocomposites are made from two or more of the solid phase, at least in one dimensional nano-level size (1-100 nm). The solid phase can be amorphous, semi-crystalline, grain, or a combination. The solid phase can also be organic, inorganic, or a combination. According to the size of the solid phase, nanocomposites generally include the following three types: nanoparticles and nanoparticle compounds (0-0 composite), nanoparticles and conventional bulk composites (0-3 composite) and composite nano-films (0-2 composite). In addition, the nano-layered structure material is ascribed to nano-material, and the multi-layer nanocomposite composed of different materials is also known as nanocomposites. Composite materials own excellent performance, which can be widely used in aerospace, defense, transportation, sports and other fields. Nanocomposites are one of the most attractive part of the composite materials. Due to the fast development in recent years, nanocomposites are put in an important position by the developed countries in the development of new materials. The research on nanocomposites includes organic-inorganic composites, nano-polymer matrix composites and inorganic-inorganic composites. In this chapter, combined with our research experience, we mainly introduce the nano-polymer matrix composites to the readers. In order to claim the nano-polymer matrix composites exactly, synthesis and modification of nanoparticles and preparation, characterization and applications of nano-polymer matrix composites were mainly discussed.


This paper is introducing the new concept of functioning of incumbent operators, and it's is described from the incumbent point of view. The 4P+4I concept is based on traditional 4P concept (Product, Price, Promotion and Place) and in addition it is developed with 4I principals (Innovation, Integration, Interaction, I-regulation). This concept could be the base for introduction of a new management of incumbent operators and implementation of new technologies. Transition into modern operator will secure the sustainable revenues and profitability on a long term.


GPS common/all-view method is one of the main tools for long-distance time and frequency transfer. Its core is the GPS time transfer receiver and post-processing algorithms. The high real-time multi-channel GPS time transfer receiver based on EURO-160 GPS board and the real-time data processing algorithms are introduced in this paper. To verify the accuracy, the experiments of common clock and non-common clock on zero-base line with the foreign commercial GPS P3 code receivers are carried out. Results show that the high real -time GPS receiver and the foreign commercial GPS P3 code receiver have the same technology level.


Abstract Objective: To determine whether an educational package could influence the management of menorrhagia, increase the appropriateness of choice of non-hormonal treatment, and reduce referral rates from primary to secondary care. Design: Randomised controlled trial. Setting: General practices in East Anglia. Subjects: 100 practices (348 doctors) in primary care were recruited and randomised to intervention (54) and control (46). Interventions: An educational package based on principles of "academic detailing" with independent academics was given in small practice based interactive groups with a visual presentation, a printed evidence based summary, a graphic management flow chart, and a follow up meeting at 6 months. Outcome measures: All practices recorded consultation details, treatments offered, and outcomes for women with regular heavy menstrual loss (menorrhagia) over 1 year. Results: 1001 consultation data sheets for menorrhagia were returned. There were significantly fewer referrals (20% v 29%; odds ratio 0.64; 95% confidence interval 0.41 to 0.99) and a significantly higher use of tranexamic acid (odds ratio 2.38; 1.61 to 3.49) in the intervention group but no overall difference in norethisterone treatment compared with controls. There were more referrals when tranexamic acid was given with norethisterone than when it was given alone. Those practices reporting fewer than 10 cases showed the highest increase in prescribing of tranexamic acid. Conclusions: The educational package positively influenced referral for menorrhagia and treatment with appropriate non-hormonal drugs.


Sphere-like and cubic ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized using ZnCl_2 and oxammite as raw materials by way of the precipitation reaction through which the precursor ZnC_2O_4·2H_2O was obtained and then pyrolyzed. TEM and XRD results showed that they are of crystalline zincite with grain size 25~80nm. The TG-DTA test was carried out for the precursor. It was revealed that increasing the reaction time and pyrolysis time/temperature will increase the size of primary particles. On the other hand, increasing reaction temperature (below 90℃) will take opposite effect. When the original concentration of Zn~(2+) is below 0.5mol/L the size of the particles change little (25nm), but when it reaches 0.7mol/L the size ascends to 80nm.


OBJECTIVE To document prevalence of genital herpes and seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2(HSV-2) and their correlates among patients attending STD clinics in Minhang District of Shanghai.METHODS All patients attending the three standardized STD clinics in Minhang District from July to September,2007,were interviewed with an anonymous questionnaire,and blood-tested for HSV-2 and IgG antibody.RESULTS All 291 STD attendants participated in the study.29(10.0%)were clinically diagnosed with genital herpes,14.4% for males and 4.6% for females.HSV-2 prevalence was 19.2%,13.8% for males and 26.0% for females.Multiple Logistic regression analysis indicated that women,migrants were more likely to be infected with HSV-2.A substantial proportion of HSV-2 infected patients were not clinically diagnosed,especially for females.CONCLUSIONS The seroprevalence of HSV-2 was relatively high among STD attendants,with many of them not clinically diagnosed.HSV-2 testing should be integrated into the package of common diagnostic practices.


The lack of peaceful mechanisms for the transfer of power has been one of the most common triggers for political repression, violence and even civil war on the African continent. This 'shadow review' of democratisation in a selection of eight African countries is inspired by the aims and ambitions of the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD). Africa's heavyweights, South Africa, Nigeria, Senegal, Kenya, Ethiopia, Ghana, Algeria and Uganda, are considered in terms of their commitments - on paper and in practice - to fair and inclusive electoral systems, multi-partyism, independence of the judicialry and term limitations of political office.


Stein's method for concentration inequalities was introduced to prove concentration of measure in problems involving complex dependencies such as random permutations and Gibbs measures. In this paper, we provide some extensions of the theory and three applications: (1) We obtain a concentration inequality for the magnetization in the Curie–Weiss model at critical temperature (where it obeys a nonstandard normalization and super-Gaussian concentration). (2) We derive exact large deviation asymptotics for the number of triangles in the Erdős–Renyi random graph G(n, p) when p ≥ 0.31. Similar results are derived also for general subgraph counts. (3) We obtain some interesting concentration inequalities for the Ising model on lattices that hold at all temperatures.


The purpose of this research is to determine the effectivity of various cell co-cultures of cattle embryo production by in vitro CO 2 5% incubation system and get the best cell co-culture. Cell co-culture which are used in the synthesis is the oviduct cells, isthmus cells, ampulla cells, follicle cells and without cells. Data were analyzed based on completely randomized desiggn. The average growth rate/ cleavage in various cell culture was: the oviduct cell 59.24%, ampulla cell  58.69%, isthmus cell 58.25%, follicle cell 52.24% and without cells 47.76%. The average  growth of 8-16 cells embryos to various cell co-culture was: the oviduct cell 46.02%, ampulla cell 45.45%, isthmus cell 45.15%, follicle cell 43.07%, and without cell 38.50%. The mean percentage of morula in various cell co-culture treatment was: the oviduct cell 20.59%, ampulla cell 20.48%, isthmus cell 20.30%, follicle cell 16.96% and without cell 12.58%. The average percentage of embryonic growth ( cleavage , 8-16 cells and morula) was not significantly different (P > 0.05).  The treatment of a variety of cell co-culture increased significantly (P>0.05), blastocysts production, namely: the oviduct cell 3.28%, ampulla cell 3.22%, isthmus cell 3.08%, follicle cell 2.45% and without cell 1.97%.  In conclusion, the treatment of various cell co-culture in 5%CO2   incubation system can increace the growth of cattle embryos in vitro. Key words : Cell Co-Culture, In Vitro Embryo, 5%CO 2 Incubation System, Cattle


The ideological education for graduates from higher technical and vocational colleges should be aimed at the ideological problems that are being showed during the process of their career choice.The following aspects should be laid stress on the ideological and political education for those graduates: changing their career choice concept,correcting their career choice ideas;enhancing the situation and policy education to them,and help them set up proper career choice viewpoints;strengthening the psychological education;intensifying their career morality education;setting up modern consciousness,and the education of their adaptability to the society.


Victim and assailant blame, as well as the perceived injustice and severity of a rape event, were examined as a function of the type of counterfactual alternative to which the identically described event was compared. It was hypothesized that when perceivers imagine an alternative outcome that is even worse than the original rape event, the perceived injustice and severity of the rape will be reduced, rendering the assailant less blameworthy. That is, when an alternative outcome is generated by focusing on the assailant, the hypothetically worse outcome that he could have inflicted on the victim makes the rape appear less tragic by comparison. Conversely, when perceivers imagine an alternative outcome that is better than the original rape event, perceptions of injustice should increase. In two experiments, participants considered how an identical rape event could have been worse for the victim or worse for the assailant by imagining how either the victim or the assailant could have behaved differently. Su...


ABSTRACT Scholars tend to present either face-to-face or mediatised audiences as the principal target for election campaign rallies. However, a close eye on the staging of, and popular engagement with, campaign rallies during Kenya's 2022 elections reveals that they constituted a hybrid form of political communication that simultaneously targeted face-to-face and mediatised audiences with tailored messages. Not only were rallies at all levels characterised by such hybridity but also at the presidential level, rallies came to dominate candidates' diaries and the traditional and social media coverage of them leading to what I coin a rally-centric campaign. This paper analyses these empirical realities and the implications for how we should study and conceptualise election rallies and campaigns. It does so by focusing on the relationship between rallies, media coverage and popular engagement with a particular focus on social media.


A 37-year-old man with no prior medical history except chronic alcohol and tobacco consumption was admitted for fever at 38.5°C and abdominal pain starting two days before. Physical examination confirmed tenderness of the left flank with no other abnormalities.….


In this research an efficient parallel algorithm for 3-D directionally split problems is developed. The proposed algorithm is based on a reformulated version of the pipelined Thomas algorithm that starts the backward step computations immediately after the completion of the forward step computations for the first portion of lines. This algorithm has data available for other computational tasks while processors are idle from the Thomas algorithm. The proposed 3-D directionally split solver is based on the static scheduling of processors where local and non-local, data-dependent and data-independent computations are scheduled while processors are idle. A theoretical model of parallelization efficiency is used to define optimal parameters of the algorithm, to show an asymptotic parallelization penalty and to obtain an optimal cover of a global domain with subdomains. It is shown by computational experiments and by the theoretical model that the proposed algorithm reduces the parallelization penalty about two times over the basic algorithm for the range of the number of processors (subdomains) considered and the number of grid nodes per subdomain.


Functionalized metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been used in a wide range of applications. Although the development of functionalized MOFs with plentiful open metal sites (defects) provides an avenue for targeted reactions, creating such defects remains challenging. Herein, a UiO-type MOF with hierarchical porosity and plentiful Zr-OH/OH2 sites (capping 35% Zr coordination sites) was synthesized within 40 min by a solid-phase synthesis route without the use of solvent and template. The optimal sample converted 5.7 mmol benzaldehyde to (dimethoxymethyl)benzene within 2 min at 25 °C. The turnover frequency number and activity per unit mass reached 2380 h-1 and 8568 mmol g-1 h-1, respectively, outperforming all previously reported catalysts at room temperature. This excellent catalytic activity was correlated with the defect density in functionalized UiO-66(Zr) and the accessibility of plentiful Zr-OH/OH2 sites as acid sites.


458 Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health | March April 2017 | Vol 10 | Issue 2 J.R. contributed in revising the draft, approval of the final version of the manuscript, and agreed for all aspects of the work. 6. UNDP, IRGT. A Global Network of Trans Women and HIV, UNFPA, UCSF Center of Excellence for Transgender Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, WHO, Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, USAID. Implementing comprehensive HIV and STI programmes with transgender people: Practical guidance for collaborative interventions 2016 New York UNDP press 1-26. 7. Patel VV, Masyukova M, Sutton D, Horvath KJ. Social media use and HIV-related risk behaviors in young black and Latino gay and bi men and transgender individuals in New York City: implications for online interventions. J Urban Health 2016;93:388-99. Saurabh R. Shrivastava, Prateek S. Shrivastava, Jegadeesh Ramasamy Department of Community Medicine, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute, Ammapettai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India


The design principle of explosively formed project (EFP) with high velocity, stability of aerodynamics and gratifying penetration capability were summarized, and several liner configuration design techniques in which fins can be formed to enhance the stability of aerodynamics were introduced. By introducing some experiments, simulations and applying examples of other researchers about EFP, the development direction and applycation foreground are put forward.


Using the first-principles calculations based on the density functional theory, we have studied the magnetism and electronic structure of Fe-doped Zinc Phosphide (Zn3P2). Our results show that the half-metallic ground state and ferromagnetic stability for the small Fe concentrations considered in our study. The stability of the doped material has been studied by calculating the heat of formation and analyzing the minimum total energies in nonmagnetic and ferromagnetic phases. A large value of the magnetic moment is obtained from our calculations and our calculation suggests that the Fe-doped Zn3P2 may be a useful material in semiconductor spintronics.


AustArch1 is a Microsoft Excel database and acts as a resource for archeologists working in the arid zone. It provides a ready checklist of dated sites as well as a comprehensive listing of radiocarbon, luminescence and uranium series age determinations, and in conjunction with calibration programs such as OxCal or Calib, can be used to generate radiocarbon density plots for analysis of trends in occupation.


Volatile components in white clove flower were separated from the sample by steam distillation and ether extraction successively.After dehydration with anhydrous Na_2SO_4,the extract was evaporated on a water bath to drive off ether.The lightly yellow colored floral essence obtained was separated by GC separately on 2 chromatographic columns with different polarity,i.e.,the DB-17 and HP-5MS columns,for its componental compounds which were identified and determined by MS.It was found that 46 main components were found in both of the products separated by DB-17 column and HP-5MS column.But 2 compounds which were separated by the DB-17 column,were not found in the products from HP-5MS column,while one compound separated by HP-5MS was not found in products from DB-17.In a further study by using the EIC method and the method of peak purity review of the data analysis soft ware,the existence of the 3 compounds was confirmed.Evidently,although a single chromatographic column is feasible to be used for the separation for the main volatile components of the floral essence,but for more complete separation and more accurate identification,use of 2 colunms with different polarity is more preferrable,and the help of the methods for further confirmation is also necessary.


An international exhibition of glass and clay by 34 established and emerging artists from the North East UK and Washington DC. The work Booze Britain is exhibited in this group sham. The work consists of 6 porcelain wall pieces with digital decal imagery and gold lustre. The work uses images taken from a covert film made late at night in a UK city. The work aims to examine 'booze' culture and its celebration through television programmes and transpose it to the platform of commemorative ceramics.


Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been declared a public health problem for children worldwide. Serum 25hydroxy vitamin D is found to be associated with wide range of pulmonary diseases including wheezing in children. Methods: A hospital based case control study was conducted in subdistrict hospital Sarwal Jammu from Feb 2017 to Jan 2019. A total of 86 children under the age of five years attending pediatric OPD for cough with wheezing were enrolled as cases. Equal number of children with similar profile attending immunization centre were enrolled as controls. An informed consent was obtained from all participants. Trained phlebotomist collected venous blood sample for vitamin D levels. Vitamin D deficiency was characterized as per IAP criteria. Results were presented in the form of percentages and odds ratio was calculated as measure of associates. Results: Out of 86 patients with wheezing ,18 (20.9 %) had deficient vitamin D levels and 38 (44.1%) had insufficient vitamin D levels as compared to control group where deficient vitamin D levels were found in 9 (10.4%) patients and insufficient levels were found in 29 (33.72%) children. Conclusions: Study findings revealed a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in children with recurrent wheezing. Prompt management of vitamin D deficiency should be considered among children with wheezing. Key Word: case control study, 25 hydroxy vitamin D, wheezing. *Address for Correspondence: Dr. Neerupam Gupta, Department of Pediatrics, Government Hospital Sarwal, Directorate of Health services, Jammu, J and K – 180015. Email: email@example.com Received Date: 10/02/2019 Revised Date: 17/03/2019 Accepted Date: 02/04/2019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26611/10141013


This paper introduces a simple endogenous growth model in which investment in capital and investment in research generate both long run growth and business fluctuations. The main implication of this paper embodies Schumpeter's insight to economic development: economic development takes the form of a sequence of business cycles, each being a response to a discontinuous innovation. The model characterizes comoveinents, volatility and lagged reactions among aggregate variables which are linked to the endogenous length of cycle.


Data type and amount in human society is growing in amazing speed which is caused by emerging new services such as cloud computing, internet of things and social network, the era of big data has come. Data has been fundamental resource from simple dealing object, and how to manage and utilize big data better has attracted much attention. First, this paper discusses the concept of big data, and then analyze the large data key elements in the media industry, human resource management, data analysis type, data analysis models, and new technologies. This can effectively improve the efficiency of human resource management in media industry.


Nanoscale zero-valent iron was synthesized using chitosan as a stabilizer.The results of TEM show that the size of the zero-valent iron ranges from 20 nm to 150 nm,with a mean partical size of 82.4 nm.The rate of reduction of Cr(Ⅵ) can be modelled by a pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics equation.When the concentration of chitosan is 150 mg·l-1 the first-order kinetic constant(kobs) is about twice of the contorl.The existence of Ca2+ and Mg2+ decreased the Cr(Ⅵ) removal efficiency of zero-valent iron about 20% and 10%,respectively.HCO-3 and CO2-3 decreased the Cr(Ⅵ) removal efficiency of zero-valent iron by about 10%.


When we question the humanism of Gary or Malraux, we see the question of art arise on all sides. Aesthetics and ethics indeed seem intrinsically linked, firstly because, for them, art is a way of denying the inhuman, whether it be the absurdity of our condition or the crushing weight of History. At a time when the Second World War brought human barbarism to the forefront, what the artist gave us in his works was a finally acceptable image of humankind. Art, according to them, is, at the same time, a consolation and a shelter for humanist ideals, and an ethical gesture in itself. We will try here to confront in Gary's and Malraux's books the connections between art and humanism, and to question the existence in these two authors - while preserving the specificities of each - of what one could call an aesthetic humanism.


The utility model discloses a device for automatically adjust the brightness of a display screen of a display device and a display device. The brightness adjustment device comprises light sensors arranged on outer side walls of a display screen frame of a display device. A sensing end surface of each light sensor is perpendicular to the plane of a display screen of the display device. As the light sensors are installed on the outer side walls of the display screen frame, the light sensors are prevented from being insensitive to light emitted from behind the display screen, so that accuracy of light intensity sensing by the light sensors is effectively improved, and thus accuracy of display screen brightness adjustment is improved.


Eukaryotic transcription factors rarely function by binding DNA as monomers. However, how transcription factor dimerization impacts DNA recognition is poorly understood. bZIP transcription factors are obligate dimers that regulate gene expression in multiple cellular process. Guided by bZIP dimerization properties, we examined DNA binding specificities of 270 human bZIP pairs. DNA interactomes of for 102 bZIP dimers revealed that 72% of heterodimer motifs correspond to conjoined half‐sites preferred by partnering monomers. Remarkably, the remaining motifs are composed of variably‐spaced half‐sites or "emergent" sites that cannot be readily inferred from half‐site preferences of partnering monomers. Identified cognate sites were validated by in vitro binding assays. Furthermore, bZIP heterodimer‐preferred sites were overrepresented in genomic regions co‐occupied by two bZIP proteins as determined by ChIP‐seq peaks. Focusing on ATF3, we observed distinct cognate site preferences conferred by different bZIP partners, and demonstrated that genome‐wide binding of ATF3 is best explained by considering many dimers in which it participates. Notably, our compendium of bZIP‐DNA interactomes were applied to predict the impact of non‐coding mutations on bZIP‐DNA binding.


: The generalized abc-block edge transformation graph Q +0 − ( G ) is a graph whose vertex set is the union of the edges and blocks of G , in which two vertices are adjacent whenever corresponding edges of G are adjacent or one corresponds to an edge and other to a block of G are not incident with each other. In this paper, we study the girth, covering invariants and the domination number of Q +0 − ( G ). We present necessary and sufficient conditions for Q +0 − ( G ) to be planar, outerplanar, minimally nonouterplanar and maximal outerplanar. Further, we establish a necessary and sufficient condition for the generalized abc-block edge transformation graph Q +0 − ( G ) have crossing number one.


Candida utilis Ribose 5-phosphate ketol isomerase (EC 184.108.40.206) was purified. The enzyme is homogeneous by ultracentrifugal analysis and disc electrophoresis. The isoelectric point of the enzyme is 3.8, Km for R 5-P is 0.108 mM and Kis by 5′-AMP and 6-P-G are 0.16 mM and 0.61 mM, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters, ΔH, ΔG (35°C), ΔS (35°C) and E are 4336 cal/mole, — 5629 cal/mole, 32.15 cal/deg-mole and 6360 cal/mole, respectively. The molecular weight of the enzyme is 183,000 and the enzyme is assumed to consist of three subunits, one with a molecular weight of 75,000 and two identical subunits each with a molecular weight of 54,000.


Seventy cases of multiple congenital contractures (arthrogryposis) were evaluated. Associated anomalies not previously described with this condition were found. The authors conclude that the condition is a syndrome of multiple congenital contractures and joint disturbances (eg, dislocations) which are the end result of many etiologies. The value of utilizing health department data derived from school placement changes, applications for state and city financial aid, and required reporting of orthopedic disabilities was demonstrated. The abnormality was limited to the upper extremities in 11% and to the lower in 43%. Both upper and lower extremities were involved in 46%. Treatment is prolonged, even though started very early, and requires a wide variety of orthopedic procedures.


Today's highly competitive world requires successful businesses to 'reinvent' themselves almost continuously. Manufacturers face tremendous challenges on a variety of fronts. Sourcing has emerged as an integral part of firms' competitive advantage building. One of the distinguishing attributes of effective sourcing strategy is that it plays an integrative role in the firm's strategic planning process. This means firms must have comprehensive strategic decision-making procedures. The study is based on Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) theory and Resource-Based View (RBV) and the results lend support to types of sourcing strategies that have significant effects on both financial and non-financial performance. Specifically both models indicated the 'Make' and 'Buy' Strategies affect non-financial performance more than the financial performance. The results also show both sourcing strategies received most of the supply from local suppliers. All the findings provide new insights into the understanding of sourcing strategies of manufacturing based firms.


The restriction factors in the inheritance of South Shaolin are as follows:admistrational systems,the problems of the traditional martial arts itself and the social factors.On the basis of the above factors some countermeasures are taken as follows:improving the government policy and the cultural status of South Shaolin;developing harmoniously in getting rid of the argument about where the exactly survived South Shaolin is;making the goals for the promotion and enriching the culture of South Shaolin;holding the martial arts competition at stated time;training the reserved talents;improving the international exchanges and communication.


Glycoproteins of enveloped viruses replicating in nonprimate mammalian cells carry α‐1,3‐galactose (α‐Gal) glycans, and can bind to anti‐Gal antibodies which are abundant in humans. The antibodies have protected humans and their ancestors for millions of years, because they inhibit replication of many kinds of microbes carrying αGal glycans and aid complements and macrophages to destroy them. Therefore, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) replicating in nonprimate mammalian cells (eg, PK‐15 cells) carry αGal glycans and could be employed as a live vaccine for corona virus 2019 (COVID‐19). The live vaccine safety could be further enhanced through intramuscular inoculation to bypass the fragile lungs, like the live unattenuated adenovirus vaccine safely used in US recruits for decades. Moreover, the immune complexes of SARS‐CoV‐2 and anti‐Gal antibodies could enhance the efficacy of COVID‐19 vaccines, live or inactivated, carrying α‐Gal glycans. Experiments are imperatively desired to examine these novel vaccine strategies which probably have the critical advantages for defeating the pandemic of COVID‐19 and preventing other viral infectious diseases.


Exergy represents a measure of quality of energy and because exergy is destroyed due to process irreversibilities within a system to produce entropy, the exergy expressions and analysis developed in this work could be used to operate the intrinsically unsteady-state lyophilisation processes more efficiently. It is shown that the time optimal control operation of a freeze dryer with respect to heat input to the trays and total pressure in the drying chamber, reduces the duration times of the primary and secondary drying stages by 42.43% and 41.17%, respectively, and this leads to a reduction of 38.19% in the magnitude of the total exergy losses of the lyophilisation system studied in this work. Also, the potential for reducing further the exergy losses when organic co-solvents and water forming non-ideal mixtures of solvents with positive deviations from Raoult's law are used in a lyophilisation system operated under time optimal control, is discussed.


The Balanophoraceae is a unique angiosperm family that fully parasitizes the roots of trees. Although the pollination systems of several genera in this family have been reported, little is known of their diversity. In the present study, we investigated the pollination biology of Thonningia sanguinea (Balanophoraceae) in the tropical rainforests of Guinea, West Africa. Female flies of the families Muscidae and Calliphoridae as well as Technomyrmex ants frequently visited flowers to consume nectar secreted from inflorescences. While feeding, their bodies attached to anthers or pollen grains. The most abundant flower-visiting fly, Morellia sp. (Muscidae), was observed laying eggs on T. sanguinea, and the larvae fed only on the vegetative tissue of decaying male inflorescences. Our findings provide a new candidate of pollination mutualism involving plants that provide brood sites for their pollinators.


The author discusses comparing methods and "gaining new insights through reviewing old material" in Vector Algebra and Analytic Geometry class,and he finds it easier for students to learn them.


Objective: to analyze scientific evidence about stress in nurses and its effect on the immune system. Method: the electronic databases LILACS; CINAHL; Scopus; PubMed and Web of Science were used to search primary studies, published from 1985 to 2015; the keywords were selected according to each database. Results: 164 studies were found and considering the selection criteria, 17 were chosen; a validated instrument was used for data collection. Data analysis was descriptive, it was divided into four categories: nurses working in emergency unit, Intensive Care Units, and psychiatric wards; nurses working with patients with HIV/AIDS; nurses working in management occupations; and nurses working in Hospital sectors (without sector identification). Conclusion: a more profound knowledge of this subject can contribute to the improvement of the working conditions and health of these professionals and, above all, could result in a better-quality health care assistance to users.


The ternary compound Cu2SnTe3 crystallizes in the Imm2 (Nº 44) space group, Z = 2, with a = 12.833(4) Å, b = 4.274(1) Å, c = 6.043(1) Å, V = 331.5(1) Å3. Its structure was refined from X‐ray powder diffraction data using the Rietveld method. The refinement of 25 instrumental and structural variables led to Rp = 10.2%, Rwp = 11.8%, Rexp = 7.7%, RB = 10.6%, S = 1.6 and χ2 = 2.6, for 5501 step intensities and 163 independent reflections. This compound is isostructural with Cu2GeSe3, and consists of a three‐dimensional arrangement of slightly distorted CuTe4 and SnTe4 tetrahedra connected by common corners. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


AbstructIs it possible to refurbish SVCs in a reliable and cost effective way? Installations, which inherently required comprehensive control systems, were first installed in transmission systems in the early 1980's. Examples include HVDC converter stations and SVCs. At that time the technology used for Control & Protection (C&P) systems was "state of the art", but the analogue components used then are now obsolete.