This paper discusses the current situation, causes, and strategies for addressing the problem of out-of-school girls in rural areas of China. By analyzing and summarizing the data and causes of girls school failure in rural China from previous literature, this paper offers suggestions for establishing girls schools. Founded in 2008, Huaping Girls High School is the first all-free-of-charge girls high school in China, mainly enrolling students from remote townships and alpine mountainous areas within Lijiang City and individual poor remote townships and mountainous areas in other cities and counties in Yunnan Province and surrounding provinces and cities. The creation of the school has greatly increased access to education for girls in the mountains, and in recent years, the results of the college entrance exam have been very positive, successfully sending many girls for higher education. This paper uses Huaping Girls High School as a specific case study to analyze the help and advantages of establishing a girls school for out-of-school girls in rural China, and to give specific suggestions about it.


The goal of treatment optimisation is to deliver an effective therapy to those patients who are likely to benefit from it. The issue of how long such treatment should last is, of course, a difficult one. If a patient is cured, then further treatment is unnecessary and will provide toxicity with no additional disease control. Likewise, if a patient is not responsive to a given therapy then persistence with a regimen that is ineffective may likewise give no benefit. The issue becomes one of balancing control of the disease with toxicity. There are twin challenges in setting up and running clinical trials of maintenance therapy. The relatively better outcomes mean that event rates are lower, and reliable data requires large numbers of patients – which makes recruitment a challenge. Randomisation also requires uncertainty at the patient level in order to make randomisation ethical, and patients or clinicians may not be sufficiently comfortable with either continuing or stopping treatment. These challenges make the use of real-world data an attractive option. In this issue, Hill et al (2019) describe the results of a multicentre experience of maintenance rituximab following bendamustine-rituximab (BR) therapy. The improvement in outcomes seen with BR over previous therapeutic regimens means the question of maintenance becomes open once more. The findings of this real-world experience are that patients treated with maintenance who have a partial remission (PR) have better outcomes than those not given maintenance, but there was a lack of significant difference in those achieving a complete remission (CR). This lack of significant benefit was also seen in a validation cohort of CR patients. The use of real-world data in such a setting is attractive, but the results need to be interpreted with some caution. The decision to give or not to give maintenance was one made by the clinician and patient, presumably based upon a combination of patient factors, disease response and patient wishes. Those patients given maintenance therapy might be expected to be different from those not given maintenance, but it is not entirely clear how they might differ. There is some evidence that patients in this study who were given maintenance were younger and fitter; and indeed, the rates of maintenance therapy differ between the initial and validation cohorts, which might imply that the clinician or centre is an important factor. This sort of unquantifiable confounding can obfuscate the benefits of therapy. Green and Byar (1984) gave the example of radiotherapy for thyroid cancer: because radiotherapy was given to patients with more aggressive disease, a simple analysis of treated versus not treated would give the erroneous impression that radiotherapy was actively harmful. A failure to take confounders into account can thus lead to incorrect conclusions. So, what does this mean for the use of rituximab maintenance in follicular lymphoma? One issue with the condition is that, even with a large study, the numbers of progression events here are relatively small, meaning that it is not appropriate to perform multivariable analyses. But even if one could, it would not be possible to control for all the potential confounders. These data provide an indication, and probably pose a question rather than give an answer. In light of these data, it is unlikely that clinicians would feel comfortable about randomising to stop therapy in patients with only a PR. However, the closeness of the curves in the CR cases, taken together with the lack of difference in the fatal adverse event rate between the maintenance and no maintenance groups means that the question remains a pertinent one for patients in CR after BR therapy. However, a noninferiority trial to rule out any clinically relevant negative effect of stopping maintenance would need to be an order of magnitude larger than this study and is therefore unlikely to be feasible. We must instead rely upon accumulating data from clinical practice, and a synthesis of all such data in this setting, to provide a more nuanced indication as to whether improving frontline therapy removes the need for maintenance in some patients with follicular lymphoma. The paper of Hill et al (2019) gives us a much-needed steer in identifying that the matter is in doubt.


Charcoal from biomass is a promising alternative for fossil coal. Although its quality increases at high pyrolysis temperature, charcoal yield decreases, meaning lower economic performances of char ...


OBJECTIVE
To determine prognostic relevance of various patient factors and intraoperative variables associated with surgical management of small intestinal obstruction in pet rabbits.

ANIMALS
114 pet rabbits with 141 presentations of small intestinal obstruction treated surgically between June 2011 and December 2021.

METHODS
In a retrospective observational study design, medical records were reviewed for rabbits with small intestinal obstruction that had undergone surgical intervention. Data were collected on variables of interest and outcome (survival to hospital discharge). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify variables associated with survival.

RESULTS
Overall survival was 75.2% (106/141). Specifically, 95.7% (22/23) of presentations involving rabbits < 25 months survived. The odds of survival on univariable modeling were significantly lower in presentations of rabbits > 72 months compared with those < 25 months (OR, 0.05; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.40; P = .005). Rectal temperature, clinicopathologic findings, etiology of obstruction, presence of full-thickness gastrointestinal wall injury, and previous small intestinal obstruction surgery did not show significant effects on survival. In a multivariable model that controlled for plasma potassium and calculated plasma osmolarity and tonicity, the odds of survival in presentations of rabbits > 72 months were 95% lower than those < 25 months (OR, 0.05; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.50; P = .012).

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Surgical intervention should be considered a suitable treatment option for small intestinal obstruction in rabbits < 72 months and carried a good prognosis. The most common etiology was consistent with a compressed hair pellet, and extraluminal digital manipulation into the cecum was a successful surgical technique in most presentations.


I believe that good teaching requires qualities such as: patience, relatability, and time. Teacher's who can not relate to their students, or do not try


The Armenian Social Investment Fund supports communities' efforts to improve local infrastructure during Armenia's economic transition away from central planning, financing community-designed and -implemented projects to rehabilitate primary schools, water systems, and other infrastructure. This article considers the targeting, household impact, and community effects of the social fund's activities. It relies on a nationally representative household survey, oversampled in areas where the social fund was active. Using propensity and pipeline matching techniques to control for community self-selection into the social fund, it evaluates the household effects of rehabilitating schools and water systems. The results show that the social fund reached poor households, particularly in rural areas. Education projects increased households' spending on education significantly and had mild effects on school attendance. Potable water projects increased household access to water and had mild positive effects on health. Communities that completed a social fund project were less likely than the comparison group to complete other local infrastructure projects, suggesting that social capital was expended in these early projects. By contrast, communities that joined the social fund later and had not yet completed their projects took more initiatives not supported by the social fund. In centrally planned economies, national governments exerted tremendous economic control. This control extended to investment in local infrastructure, including building and maintaining roads, schools, and water systems. When these economies collapsed, governments became bereft of resources. Systems for maintaining local infrastructure began to fail; as deep economic recession took hold, schools and water systems fell into disrepair. Local public services deteriorated, compounding other hardships for people living in postcommunist conditions. But because communities were accustomed to relying on central authorities to meet local needs, they often were unable to address their problems.


Invasive cervical resorption is relatively uncommon, insidious and often aggressive form of external tooth resorption. Resorption of coronal dentin and enamel often creates a clinically obvious pinkish color in the tooth crown this is because high vascular resorptive tissue. Different approaches have been suggested for the treatment of invasive cervical resorption. This case report presents the surgical management of invasive cervical resorption.


The article presents the numerical calculation about the LP steam admission for steam turbines which made by Dongfang Steam Turbine Co.,Ltd.,It emphasizes the gist of the calculation and the foundation of the calculation model.According to the result of the numerical calculation,a optimized structure of the LP steam admission in a steam turbine is provided.


Digital watermarking has immense importance in protection of copyright as well as authentication. In this work, a watermarking process utilising S transform is proposed with Haar wavelet that generate only integer coefficients. Initially, the forward transform of cover image generates four coefficient bands – HH, HL, LH and LL. The HH sub-band location map is randomized and watermark image is embedded using least significant bits (LSB) substitution of the coefficient. Additionally 256 bit SHA hash code of the watermark image is generated for authentication and embedded in the HL sub-band in a similar fashion. During extraction, watermark is extracted and SHA256 hash code is computed again. This new hash code is compared with extracted hash code for authenticity. The average PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) observed for SIPI dataset is 65 dB and 59 dB with 8192 bit and 32768 bit watermark respectively with embedding rate of 2 bits per pixel. The results of the proposed merthod are checked against existing methods and it has been found superior in many cases.


Acknowledgements Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an antibioticresistant strain of the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus that is responsible for many hospital-acquired infections world-wide. Very little information is currently available on the prevalence of MRSA colonization among patients and staff in Ecuadorian hospitals(1,4). During the summer of 2012, nasal swabs were collected from 494 volunteers in a regional public hospital in Cuenca, Ecuador to determine the prevalence of MRSA colonization within the hospital. MRSA isolates from volunteer samples were presumptively identified through culture-based methods. Confirmation of presumptive MRSA isolates was performed using a multiplex PCR protocol that amplified regions of the 16s rRNA, FemB, and mecA genes(2). Confirmed MRSA isolates were genetically typed in specific Staphylococcus cassette chromosome (SCCmec) groups utilizing another multiplex PCR protocol(3). The overall prevalence of MRSA colonization within the regional hospital was determined to be 1.8% with six positives from staff volunteers and three positives from patient volunteers. All nine MRSA isolates were genetically classified as belonging to SCCmec Type IV. In addition to the MRSA identified, other species of Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus (MRS) were observed through cultural identification and PCR confirmation with a 6.1% MRS prevalence when including MRSA. There were a total of 19 MRS from staff, eight MRS from patients and one MRS neither identified to be from staff or patient. These results indicate that MRSA and other MRS are present within the Ecuadorian hospital examined, and the potential for hospital-acquired infections exists.


For the London Medical and Physical Journal. Case of Acute Rheumatism, cured htj Bandaging ; by H. Ronalds, Member of the Royal Medical Society 01 kdinbu rgii, and of the Royal College of Surgeons in London. DR. BALKOUR has, in the 42d number of the Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal, adduced a variety of cases to prove the efficacy of bandages in chronic rheumatism. As the evidences in favour of a newly-proposed remedy cannot be too strong, I send the following case : in hopes it will afford additional interest, as it shews the decidedly good effects of the above method of practice in another form of the disease, viz the acute species. Mrs. , a lady of delicate constitution, requested my attendance on the 13th October, and related to me the following symptoms. She complains of a general sense of sore-


Slow-wave devices such as traveling-wave tubes (TWTs), backward-wave oscillators (BWOs), and extended-interaction klystrons (EIKs) are widely used as medium-power sources of short-millimeter and subterahertz waves. One of the difficulties that limits the CW or average power of slow-wave devices at short waves is partial interception of the electron beams by fragile slowwave structures (SWS) causing dangerous heating of the latter. In order to increase the power, the use of spatially distributed electron beams, mostly sheet beams, is widely studied last few years [1, 2]. Another feasible and maybe somewhat simpler configuration is hollow rectilinear thin-wall electron beams interacting with the slow waves of azimuthally-symmetric operating waveguides [3, 4] similar to that of relativistic high-current microwave oscillators. Like in the case of sheet beams, the use of hollow electron beams permits a significant decrease in current density and heating of the microwave structure. To study this option, a W-band BWO with operating voltage of 30–32 kV has been designed in the Institute of Applied Physics. Oscillator operates at the lower axi-symmetric TM0,1 mode of microwave structure with a rectangular corrugation with following parameters: the period is 0.8 mm, the inner diameter is 1.8 mm and the outer radius is 2.71 mm. Simulations based on the PIC-code predicts sub-kW level of output power for W-band BWOoscillator with 1 A current. The formation of a hollow thin-wall electron beam is a critical point for the further experimental realization of the slow-wave devices discussed above. Since the beam particles travel very close to the corrugated surface, strict requirements on transverse pulsations of electrons should be imposed. Namely, for guiding the beam at a distance of 0.1 mm from the corrugation, parasitic transverse velocities should not exceed 0.05 c. To drive the W-band BWO, the 30 kV/1 A hollow electron beam with an outer diameter of 1.6 was designed. The beam is formed in Pierce-like electron gun with thermionic cathode and moderate emission density of 2 A/cm. To increase the current density, a 100-fold compression in an increasing magnetic field is used which leads to a tenfold increase in parasitic transverse velocities. The magnetic field is produced by main solenoid and cathode coil with reverse polarity. In the interaction region, the beam is guided in the magnetic field of 0.7 T. Numerical simulations of the gun were carried out using 2-D code EPOS [5] and 3-D PIC-code CST Studio. In order to diminish the beam edge pulsations, the cathode geometry was optimized to provide very accurate beam formation, see Fig. 1. Simulations predict the beam wall thickness of 0.1 mm in the interaction region and small radii of cyclotron rotations of particles (Fig. 2). The particles at the outer edge of hollow beam have smaller cyclotron radii than at the inner edge, which is favorable for the beam guiding. According to these results, electrons can be guided at the distance of 0.08 mm from SWS wall. In simulations, parasitic cyclotron rotation mainly occurs due to the initial electron transverse velocities arising from the thermal electron motion and emitter surface roughness.


alterations after head injury are also related to psychological processes. Especially among children, the social setting including attitudes of parents and caregivers who may become too protective would exert substantial influences on the consequence. However, neurological basis of behavioral changes after brain injury should not to be underestimated, as the changes may become apparent at later stages of development (6). Therefore, careful follow-up is required for the cases of head injury in children, like the one presented by Perez-Alvarez et al.


In this paper the author investigates the influence of informational processes on the general orientation of social attitudes of the population. It is proved that the content of information space defines not only the nature of internal processes in society, but also determines an orientation of political processes that, in turn, is bound to existence of correlation between urgent inquiries of the population and actions of the power. Along with it, the paper shows that character of information messages defines an orientation of natural social processes, actualizing, thereby, not only constructive, but also negative tendencies in society. At the same time, at the level of information space there is a


Type 1 X-ray bursts are frequently observed in neutron star X-ray binaries, but no Type I burst has ever been seen in any black hole X-ray binary. It is argued that the lack of bursts in the latter sources is strong evidence that the accreting stars have event horizons.


Selected amount of methyl methacrylate(MMA) was uniformly blended into bismaleimide(BMI) in solution,reaction was induced by electron beam generated by a linear accelerator and micro-phase separated solid structure consisted of imide and radiation degradable chains was obtained.After that,the degraded products were removed through programmed heating up to 300℃,and nano-porous polybismaleimide(PBMI) functional materials were fabricated.The CC double bonds were found to be activated for chain reaction through FT-IR analysis in the irradiation process,as well as the transforming reaction of amic acid to imide.The pore size is measured to be 50nm around by using an atomic force microscope.Results of TG/DTA analysis showed that the weight loss till 300-310℃ is equal to the initial usage of MMA,and the pyrolysis peak temperature of the fabricated nano-porous PBMI is measured to be 413℃.


This paper presents the results of a research that aimed at analyzing referential dialogue between The National Basic Education Assessment System (SAEB) and the National Textbook Program (PNLD). Data analysis was based on PNLD references on the documents of SAEB as well as SAEB references on PNLD documents. The results indicate that there is almost no dialogue between the two public policies and it can cause drastic effects in the assessment of Brazilian education, which leads to questioning the results concerning Brazilian Education produced by SAEB. Also, in the analysis, a cycle of failure is highlighted as a product of the lack of dialogue between such policies.


The professional teacher grows with the school system and is a part of the system's educational growth and change. One of the greatest problems confronting education is that of keeping persons in the field abreast of changing situations. The exploding population, the urbanization of rural areas, automation, and world-wide instantaneous communication have placed the teacher of today as though he were in a glass bowl with the world peering and pushing in from all sides. The education of yesterday is not only inadequate but even incorrect in view of changing scientific data. Thus, in-service education of teachers, once considered possible only for the more able school systems, is now a continuous necessity as a means of keeping pace with changing conditions. This challenging need of every school system calls for a broad concept of education understood, fostered, and supported by superintendents and boards of education. The school superintendent's most important responsibility is that of the improvement of instruction. This can be implemented only through making it possible for his faculty and staff to keep on the "cutting-edge." He should think beyond but be wise enough to keep in touch and in step with those in the classroom. In doing this, major emphasis should be placed upon providing instructional services. These services should equip the professional teacher to cope with changing conditions, free him from unnecessary menial tasks, and provide for the maximum use of his professional skills with children. Leaders in education, therefore, must be constantly alert to means that will facilitate the teacher as a professional person. The following instructional services basic to continued improvement of every school


Investigating the mass transfer of toluene methylation with methanol will contribute to converting more methanol feedstock into the para-methyl group. The reaction system was considered as three competing reactions: toluene methylation and isomerization of para-xylene and methanol to light hydrocarbons. When the thiele modulus analysis method was employed, the degree of utilization of each reaction was calculated over varied ZSM-5 zeolite catalysts. It was found that improvement of mass transfer leads to a more significant increase in the degree of utilization of the methylation reaction. And to further reduce the degree of isomerization, modification of the micropore mouth and coverage of the external acid sites by MgO addition etc. is essential, which can lead to higher para-selectivity, with values from 34.9% to 86.2%. Constructing hierarchical pores in the ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst or reducing crystal size is of significance to converting methanol feedstock into the methyl group of xylene. To obtain a ze...


To build a sustainable society, the provision of information is very important. This study examines the different methods by which providing a narrative and logical information on climate change affects pro-environmental behavior. Narrative information is defined as expressions describing the process of someone experiencing an event, and logical information refers to straightforward representations composed of only central facts. According to the dual-process theory, these two formats of information seem to be processed in different ways: the former is processed automatically and intuitively, and the latter is processed deliberatively and logically. This study aims to reveal the potential of narrative information to encourage behavioral intentions and policy acceptance in energy and environmental fields. In an experiment conducted via the internet, participants either read the narrative or logical information on climate change and completed the questionnaires before and after reading. The results indicate that narrative evokes stronger emotions, such as anxiety and fear, and leads to higher behavioral intentions and policy acceptance of climate change than logical information. They further infer that this tendency is more pronounced when the participants tend to be absorbed into narratives or have little interest in climate change. Our results suggest that the narrative approach can be effective for providing information on energy and environmental issues.


During the second half o the twentieth century (1950-2010), a large number of female researchers forged careers in what had formerly been male-dominated academic structures, reaching positions of prestige in their disciplines. This article is dedicated to the history of gender asymmetry in one paticular community: the Russian Academy of Sciences. The author focuses on emotionally-saturated data taken from biographical interviews and autobiographies written or retold by academic and professional women and female scientists who have played or still play a visible role in the public arena and scientific life of contemporary Russia. It soon became clear in the research that women remain largely invisible as a separate group. A demand was often made for separate structures based around research by women, about women, and for women. Some respondents (as is shown in the interviews) promote gender equality in scholarship and advocate the creation of a new and more gender-aware academic public sphere. They underline the importance of, women organizations in achieving this. Other respondents in the Academia took the opposing position; they rejected the idea of protection for women from women organizations and unions, taking the position that, as they have already been integrated into the mainstream of their departments, they are not interested in any particular assistance.The main conclusion of the author is to explain the reasons for the marginalization of women in the academic community less in the abstract spheres of cultural dispositions and traditions of academia in Russia, but most of all in the concrete everyday practices of the academic environment, where women retain little hope of improvement in their life and work conditions. This article builds on previous long-term research efforts on gender issues within the scientific community of the Soviet and modern Russia, revealing a strong degree of gender asymmetry, which acts as the basis of gender discrimination in modern Russian society.


Abstract. This study investigates the link between the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) By component and the noctilucent clouds (NLCs) measured by the Cloud Imaging and Particle Size (CIPS) experiment onboard the Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM) satellite. The mean ice particle radius in NLCs is found to be positively correlated with IMF By in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) and negatively correlated with IMF By in the Northern Hemisphere (NH), respectively, on a day-to-day timescale in most of the 20 summer seasons during the 2007–2017 period with a near 0 d lag time, and the response in the SH is stronger than that in the NH. Moreover, the albedo, ice water content and frequency of occurrence of NLCs present positive correlation with IMF By in the SH but no significant correlation in the NH. The superposed epoch analysis (SEA) further indicates the rm on average changes by about 0.73 nm after IMF By reversals, which is significant at the 90 % confidence level in Monte Carlo sensitivity tests. Our results suggest an IMF By-driven pathway: the influence of the solar wind on the polar ionospheric electric potential affects the nucleation processes in NLCs and consequently the ice particle radius and NLC brightness.


For VTOA(Voice and Technology over ATM) which provides POTS(Plain Old Telephone Service) in ATM network, algorithms must not only satisfy the real time property, but also minimize the processing overhead. Previous scheduling algorithms such as WRR(Weighted Round Robin) and DRR(Deficit Round Robin) have some problems in heavy traffic load which cannot guarantee the CTD(Cell Transfer Delay) requirement in spite of maintaining a good fairness. To solve these problems, this paper presents the DBWRR(Delay Bound Weighted Round Robin) algorithm which can reduce implementation overhead as well as the cell loss rate resulted from violating the CTD requirement. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm performs better than the WRR and DRR in terms of both average cell loss rate, decreasing as much as 20% and average queueing delay, decreasing as much as 0.3ms. Moreover, it is shown that our scheme has good fairness compared with other scheduling algorithms.


【This paper identifies a linear time-invariant mathematical model of each stand of a five-stand tandem cold mill to design a robust $H_\infty$ thickness controller by applying input and output data sets to N4SID (Numerical algorithms for Subspace State Space System Identification) method. The input-output data sets describe interstand interference in the process of tandem cold rolling and are obtained from a nonlinear simulator of the tandem cold mill. In result, it is shown that the identified model well approximates the nonlinear model than a Taylor linearized model. Furthermore, uncertainties including roll eccentricity and incoming strip variation are quantitatively analyzed from the plot of maximum singular values.】


Change point detection is essential to understand the time-evolving structure of dynamic networks. Recent research shows that a latent semantic indexing (LSI)-based algorithm effectively detects the change points of a dynamic network. The LSI-based method involves a singular value decomposition (SVD) on the data matrix. In a dynamic scenario, recomputing the SVD of a large matrix each time new data arrives is prohibitively expensive and impractical. A more efficient approach is to incrementally update the decomposition. However, in the classical incremental SVD (incSVD) algorithm, the information of the newly added columns is not fully considered in updating the right singular space, resulting in an approximation error which cannot be ignored. This paper proposes an enhanced incSVD (EincSVD) algorithm, in which the right singular matrix is calculated in an alternative way. An adaptive EincSVD (AEincSVD) algorithm is also proposed to further reduce the computational complexity. Theoretical analysis proves that the approximation error of the EincSVD is smaller than that of the incSVD. Simulation results demonstrate that the EincSVD and the AEincSVD perform much better than the incSVD on change point detection, and the performance of the EincSVD is comparable to the batch SVD algorithm.


Conventional modal compensation using Zernike polynomial expansion by means of Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensors is discussed. Cross-talk problems of Zernike coefficients have been found to be serious, especially for large sub-aperture configurations. A proposal for use of a modified Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor and iterative wavefront reconstruction is presented and a comparison is made between conventional and proposed methods.


In recent years, the propeller's fatigue fracture at the blade's root of motorcar carriers and refrigerated cargo carriers has become an important problem awaiting to be solved. On the other hand, the use of the highly skewed propeller for the reduction of ship vibration and noise leads to the strength problem of propeller. With such technical background, an accurate method for the calculation of the pressure distribution acting on the surface of the propeller blade has been needed.This paper presents the direct formulation of boundary element method for the analysis of three-dimensional flow around the marine propeller which is expected to be a more accurate method than the lifting surface theory. The present method is applied to the analysis of flowfields around the rectangular wing, conventional propeller and highly skewed propeller. The result is compared with that of the lifting surface theory, and the usefulness of the present method is verified.


In this short paper, we address the numerical simulation of the single reed excitation mechanism. In particular, we discuss a formalism for approaching the lumped nonlinearity inherent in such a model using a circuit model and the application of wave digital filters (WDFs), which are of interest in that they allow simple stability verification, a property which is not generally guaranteed if one employs straightforward numerical methods. We present first a standard reed model, then its circuit representation, then finally the associated wave digital network. We then enter into some implementation issues, such as the solution of nonlinear algebraic equations, and the removal of delay-free loops, and present simulation results.


The upper assessment of error functional δ n [f] norm on the Sp spaces for some weight quadrature formulas possessing the Haar d-property is obtained.


INTRODUCTION: The increasing drug resistance among Gram-negative uropathogens and a lack of effective oral antibiotics have limited the therapeutic options available for urinary tract infections (UTIs). This shortage of newer antibiotics has paved the way for considering the use of older antibiotics such as fosfomycin. This study aims to evaluate the in vitro susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae isolates to fosfomycin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this descriptive study conducted over a period of 6 months, we processed 1500 urine samples. The Enterobacteriaceae isolates were subjected to in vitro susceptibility testing to fosfomycin, in addition to the regularly used urinary antibiotics, by Kirby–Bauer disc-diffusion method. RESULTS: Of 1500 urine samples processed, 582 samples yielded the growth of pathogens. Enterobacteriaceae accounted for 392 (67.3%) of the isolates. Among these isolates, lower rates of resistance were observed for imipenem (4.1%) and fosfomycin (13.3%). Relatively higher rates of resistance were observed for nitrofurantoin (35.5%) and amikacin (30.9%). Nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, gentamicin, cefotaxime, and cotrimoxazole showed a high resistance rate of 82.7%, 69.6%, 52.3%, 69.1%, and 71.4%, respectively. All antibiotics, except fosfomycin, were in routine clinical use in our hospital. The low resistance (13.3%) to fosfomycin is indicative of its utility as an excellent urinary antibiotic. CONCLUSIONS: Uropathogenic Enterobacteriaceae isolates displayed excellent in vitro susceptibility to fosfomycin. These in vitro findings suggest the unexplored potential of fosfomycin as a superior therapeutic option for treating uncomplicated UTI.


Early childhood stressors (ECS) consist of certain emotional, physical, or sexual experiences that may have long term consequences including sleep problems. Previous research has also found that alcohol use can negatively affect sleep; however, few studies have investigated alcohol use as a moderator of the relationship between sleep and other variables. In the current study, we examined whether the relationship between a general measure of ECS and sleep in college students may be moderated by alcohol use, a common psychoactive substance among this age group. Additionally, we examined this model with emotional abuse and neglect as a measure of ECS. Seventy-three undergraduate students wore an Actiwatch for approximately one week to measure sleep quality (i.e., sleep latency and wake after sleep onset). Throughout this time, participants also completed daily diaries to assess sleep duration. Participants also responded to the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). In contrast to our predictions, alcohol use did not moderate the relationship between general ECS and sleep, or the relationship between the combined emotional abuse and neglect scales and sleep. Future research on the moderating effect of alcohol use within the relationship between ECS and sleep should be done with a larger and more diverse sample. Additionally, future research should consider measuring use of alcohol as a coping strategy for ECS, and sleep outcomes that may be associated with this specific form of alcohol use.


The aim of the article is to present and analyze the selected phraseologisms with a somatic component naming feelings which were noted down from the novel of Wladyslaw Stanislaw Reymont entitled Chlopi ("The Peasants"). The analysis comprised 175 examples excerpted from the text, constituting just a part of collected research material. Compilation and organization of the exemplary material made it possible to assert that in the studied text the largest group constitute somatic phraseologisms being the designations of negative feelings and possessing in their lexical composition the noun serce (heart). Much less often there appear phraseologisms with other names of body parts, such as skora (skin), gardziel (throat), glowa (head) or wlosy (hair). In most cases the studied somatic phraseologisms occur in the canonical form, sometimes are creatively transformed by the author. In the studied material, the somatic phraseologisms designating positive feelings constitute a less numerous group. Also in this group, there dominate the compounds with a component serce (heart), while with other somatic components are less numerous. Also in this group, the idiomatic phrases occur in canonical forms or are creatively transformed by the author. Research conducted in the group of somatic phraseologisms designating emotional states enabled scholars to state that the novel of Reymont provides rich phraseological material in the form of canonical compounds, functionally justified innovation and metaphorical expressions, which, with respect to their structure and function, resemble phraseologisms. Among the phraseologisms where the writer's intervention is noticeable, the author—at the level of language—refers to the world of values and cultural behaviours of peasant community of the village of Lipce. What is more, referring in the description of feelings to somatic phraseology, Reymont also emphasises a vital relationship between subjectively experienced feelings and an accompanying physiological reaction by an organism.


IoT (Internet of Things) technologies have largely contributed to our smart living environment. The smart parking system is one of the prominent services that IoT supports. To identify the parked vehicles, the previous parking system use special identifying devices, the RFID tags carried by the users, and the high quality camera to recognize the vehicle license numbers. However, the previous methods cause cost inefficiency and unfriendly usages. To address these problems, we propose a smart parking system based on ultrasonic sensors and Bluetooth communication. The proposed system decides the available slots by using the sensor motes located in the parking spaces. Also it recognizes the location of the parked vehicle using Bluetooth RSSI between a Smartphone and the sensor motes. In addition, based on these converging technologies, it can support the parked routes of vehicles for users. To evaluate the implemented smart parking system, we applied the RSSI transform equations and the recognition rate for parked vehicles. As a result, the accurate rate of transformed distances could be measured.


The ever-increasing penetration of wind power has resulted in new problems and challenges to the secure and economic operation of the power system concerned. Given this background, a bi-level transmission system planning model for this purpose is proposed. In the upper level, the objective is to maximize the generating quantity from wind farms by per unit transmission investment within a given time period, the attained transmission planning scheme will be transferred to the lower level. In the lower level, the objective is to minimize the sum of load shedding energy and abandoned wind energy within a given time period, the load shedding punishment, abandoned wind punishment and wind farm energy are transferred to the upper level as feedback. These two levels are implemented interactively and iteratively. Finally, the essential features of the developed model and adopted algorithms are demonstrated by a modified 18-bus test system.


IT education under the systems of separated and integrated levels has led to the trend of the separation of knowledge and its application. To accelerate the culfivation of qualified IT talents, we need to cut down or combine some basic courses but add some new optional technical courses to the class schedule so as to guarantee the students sufficient time for the education of IT.


Fuel consumption is one of the indicators that characterize the operational properties of road vehicles. In this study, the main factors that affect on fuel consumption of vehicles during its operation were analyzed. Most operating conditions can be repeated on the roller stand.
The main mathematical methods that are used to calculate fuel consumption in road conditions and during bench tests were analyzed. It is indicated that for bench tests for fuel efficiency, it is important to correctly set and control the force on the vehicle wheels.
The paper proposes a mathematical model for determining fuel consumption, which the amount of fuel consumption is calculated through the load power mode and vehicle speed. The calculation method is based on obtaining the efficiency of: indicator, mechanical, transmission and wheels, from which the overall vehicle efficiency was obtained. The table shows the results of calculating fuel consumption, wheel power and overall efficiency, as well as its constituent components. All parameters were defined for variable vehicle speed.
A general algorithm and results of calculating fuel consumption in road conditions and on a roller stand with different power on wheels were given. The results of experimental studies were presented, where the fuel consumption was determined for cars of the VAZ brand. Fuel consumption increases in the range of 6 to 11 l/100 km if the wheel power varies in the range of 7 to 21 kW. This is in good agreement with the data calculated in the same range of parameters. Calculations show an increase in fuel consumption if the power is reduced from 5 kW and below. This can be explained by the fact that in this mode the vehicle moves in low gears of the gearbox. It was not possible to repeat this mode during the experiment.
General conclusions and directions for further research were formulated.
Key words: car, fuel consumption, a roller dynamometer, mode of load, mode of speed, efficiency.


This article analyzes the present situation of the student management from the position and the construction of the college political assistants.It points out that the reform on student management and the professionalization are the needs of the new situation of reform and opening-up.This article puts forward that the colleges should grasp the opportunity,face challenges straightly,establish and improve the system of the student management,adhere to the college concept of open mode,and train qualified people with a brand-new management method.


This paper studies the energy efficiency (EE) of a point-to-point rank-1 Ricean fading multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) channel. In particular, a tight lower bound and an asymptotic approximation for the EE of the considered MIMO system are presented, under the assumption that the channel is unknown at the transmitter and perfectly known at the receiver. Moreover, the effects of different system parameters, namely, transmit power, spectral efficiency (SE), and number of transmit and receive antennas, on the EE are analytically investigated. An important observation is that, in the high signal-to-noise ratio regime and with the other system parameters fixed, the optimal transmit power that maximizes the EE increases as the Ricean-K factor increases. On the contrary, the optimal SE and the optimal number of transmit antennas decrease as K increases.


Countries are scrupulous about controlling their interests. Oil is one of the most meticulously focused topics of the twentieth century. The recovery of the country's interests through the use of intelligence institutions is an indispensable method, especially in the Cold War Period. Ajax Operation in Iran is one of the most important examples of this issue. In this study, the issue of how intelligence agencies affect military coups as a result of their intervention in foreign countries will be discussed in the context of Operation Ajax. In order to understand the incident more clearly, firstly the period leading to the Ajax Operation will be discussed and the processes leading to the coup will be explained. In the next section, how the Ajax Operation took place and the effects of intelligence agencies will be mentioned.


An upper cover of an electric cooker comprises a steam valve cover plate assembly (1) and a cover body, and comprises a seal ring (4) disposed between the steam valve cover plate assembly (1) and the cover body. A movable buckle (6) is formed on one side of the cove body. The steam valve cover plate assembly (1) is disposed on the inner side of an inner cover (3). The steam valve cover plate assembly (1) comprises a cover plate (1-3), a steam valve cover (1-4), a steam valve seat (1-5), and a fixed buckle (1-6) formed on one side of a blank holder (1-1). The fixed buckle (1-6) is fitted to the movable buckle (6) of the inner cover (3) in a bucked manner. One of the steam valve cover (1-4) and the steam valve seat (1-5) is integrated with the cover plate (1-3) in a molding manner, or is integrated with the cover plate (1-3) in a detachable or non-detachable connection manner to form the cover plate assembly.


The forces operating in thin liquid films of colloidal dimensions are reviewed. These forces are: Van der Waals (dispersion-), electrical and steric interactions. A discussion is given on their evaluation in situations of practical interest, including dynamic conditions. The review covers both symmetrical and asymmetrical films. A few examples are given to indicate possible applications.


Even though, therapy-induced HBeAg seroconversion in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is durable in Western patients, frequent relapse of HBV has been reported in Korea. ln addition, HBV genotype C, which is prevalent in Korea, has been reported to be associated with relapse after lamivudine-induced HBeAg seroconversion, suggesting some viral factor might be associated with relapse after lamivudine-induced HBeAg seroconversion. Therefore. the goal of this study is to analyze the genetic changes of full-Iength HBV in relapsed 6 patients with chronic hepatitis B after lamivudine-induced HBeAg seroconversion. Full-length HBV DNA sequences at baseline. at the time of HBeAg seroconversion and relapse were analyzed. Amino acid substitutions and nucleotide changes occurred in specific regions in core protein, X protein, reverse transcriptase and basal core promoter (BCP). In the core protein. cP130T, cY88G, cE18oG were frequently detected. In X protein, xK130M, xV131F were found in all six patients at any time points. ln amino acids in reverse transcriptase, rtK267Q was observed in 4 patients. Mutations in the BCP occurred in all patients at baseline. At the time of HBeAg seroconversion, BCP mutation observed in 3 patients. However. at relapse, BCP mutation observed in 4 patients. ln patients with relapse after lamivudine-induced HBeAg seroconversion, substitution in specific amino acid and preexisting BCP mutation might contribute to the high relapse in Korean patient with chronic hepatitis B.


Cornea is a common site of trauma, which could be avoided if the correct use of personal protection equipment (PPE) were observed. Objective: To identify the epidemiological profile of patients with occupational corneal foreign bodies treated at the ophthalmological clinic of the Guarulhos Hospital Complex in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: This was a retrospective, non-interventional study with 134 patients who suffered injuries from corneal foreign bodies and who were assisted between July 2017 and June 2018. The following data were assessed: age; gender; occupation; affected eye; number, location, and nature of the foreign bodies; availability and use of PPE at the time of the accident; type of safety goggles used; attempt to remove the foreign body at home; history of this type of trauma; and time elapsed between the accident and seeking specialized care. Results: Most patients were men (94.78%) and the predominant age group was 19–35 years (41.79%); the right eye was predominantly affected (54.48% of cases). Most patients worked in the processing industry (57.46%). The corneal foreign bodies were mostly made of iron (73.88%) and 59% of the patients wore no PPE at the time of the accident. Conclusion: It is the responsibility of the employers to increase the availability of PPE to implement educational programs and promote inspection.


Much of contemporary comparative political–economic thinking about global industrial production accepts the following claims (a) that manufacturing is destined to leave rich political economies for lower wage ones;(b) that global industrial production is hierarchically structured with higher value operations concentrated in the rich countries and intermediate component production distributed across increasingly specialized clusters in emerging political economies;(c) that digital technological advance, automation and massive platform firms are ushering in a new historical regime of capitalism that is generating high rates of inequality and threatens to thoroughly degrade work for less educated and less skilled workers all over the globe This article argues that these three arguments are deeply flawed because they present only a partial picture of contemporary global industrial dynamics They exclude from view many concurrent developments that suggest that alternative political and economic practices and trajectories are possible And they downplay the role that politics and struggle have played and can play in the constitution of the political economy By deconstructing these three arguments, this article attempts to recover possibility from the constraints of false necessity in thinking about global industrial production dynamics


A research work on the inverse kinematics of VGMT based on redundant n celled dual double octahedral truss is carried out. A method for the inverse kinematics is proposed for the given position, orientation of the end and curve of the manipulator body. The close form solution is obtained.


The work investigated that delta-MnO2 / Polymeric ferric sulfate (PFS) treated on electroplating wastewater containing heavy metal ions Cu2+, Pb2+, Cr3+. Effect adsorption on the pH, the amount of adsorbent, the input order and ratio of delta-MnO2 / PFS, the research determined the laboratory simulated electroplating wastewater treatment process and other basic parameters. The results showed that the best acidic conditions was pH = 7 ~ 8, and delta-MnO2 combined with PFS adsorption on heavy metals of wastewater with Cu2+, Pb2+, Cr3+ was better than the single use of delta-MnO2 and PFS, delta-MnO2: PFS for the 3:1 quality ratio, the first dosage of delta-MnO2 stirring for half an hour then plus PFS mixing 2 hours, the heavy metal ions Cu2+, Pb2+, Cr3+ from wastewater in the removal rate of 98.8%, 98.1% and 99.3% ion concentrations were lower than 1.0mg / L. The results were in line with the national emission standards.


ABSTRACT In this article I reply to critiques by Jerven and Hopkins of my review "The causal history of Africa: response to Hopkins" (2010). I agree, with caveats, that non-econometric approaches are valuable, that data quality matters, and that the compression of history can be a bad thing. Historians should not dismiss technique for being technique, should not discard imperfect data, and should be careful making inferences from small samples. The strategies of econometric identification should guide non-quantitative work.


1Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK; 2EBM DataLab, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK; 3Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK Purpose: To investigate the association between common infections and post-stroke dementia in a UK population-based cohort. Materials and Methods: A total of 60,392 stroke survivors (51.2% male, median age 74.3 years, IQR 63.9–82.4 years) were identified using primary care records from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) linked to Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) with no history of dementia. Primary exposure was any GP-recorded infection (lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), urinary tract infection (UTI) requiring antibiotics, skin and soft tissue infection requiring antibiotics) occurring after stroke. The primary outcome was incident allcause dementia recorded in primary care records. In sensitivity analyses, we restricted to individuals with linked hospital records and expanded definitions to include ICD-10 coded hospital admissions. We used multivariable Cox regression to investigate the association between common infections and dementia occurring from 3 months to 5 years after stroke. Results: Of 60,392 stroke survivors, 20,969 (34.7%) experienced at least one infection and overall 4512 (7.5%) developed dementia during follow-up. Early dementia (3 months to 1-year post-stroke) risk was increased in those with at least one GP-recorded infection (HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.21–1.71), with stronger associations when hospitalised infections were included (HR 1.84, 95% CI 1.58–2.14). Late dementia (1–5 years) was only associated with hospitalised, but not with GP-recorded, infections. Conclusion: There was evidence of an association between common infections and poststroke dementia, strongest in the 3–12 months following stroke. Better understanding of this relationship could help inform knowledge of pathways to dementia post-stroke and targeting of preventive interventions.


Importance
Various clinical societies and patient advocacy organizations continue to encourage minimum volume standards at hospitals that perform certain high-risk operations. Although many clinicians and quality and safety experts believe this can improve outcomes, the extent to which hospitals have responded to these discretionary standards remains unclear.

Objective
To evaluate the association between short-term clinical outcomes and hospitals' adherence to the Leapfrog Group's minimum volume standards for high-risk cancer surgery.

Design, Setting, and Participants
Longitudinal cohort study using 100% of the Medicare claims for 516 392 patients undergoing pancreatic, esophageal, rectal, or lung resection for cancer between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2016. Data were accessed between December 1, 2018, and April 30, 2019.

Exposures
High-risk cancer surgery in hospitals meeting and not meeting the minimum volume standards.

Main Outcomes and Measures
Patients having surgery in hospitals meeting the volume standard and 30-day and in-hospital mortality and complication rates.

Results
Overall, a total of 516 392 procedures (47 318 pancreatic resections, 29 812 esophageal resections, 116 383 rectal resections, and 322 879 lung resections) were included in the study, and patient mean (SD) age was 73.1 (7.5) years. Outcomes improved over time in both hospitals meeting and not meeting the minimum volume standards. Mortality after pancreatic resection decreased from 5.5% in 2005 to 4.8% in 2016 (P for trend <.001). Mortality after esophageal resection decreased from in 6.7% 2005 to 5.0% in 2016 (P for trend <.001). Mortality after rectal resection decreased from 3.6% in 2005 to 2.7 % in 2016 (P for trend <.001). Mortality after lung resection decreased from 4.2% in 2005 to 2.7 % in 2016 (P for trend <.001). Throughout the study period, there were no statistically significant differences in risk-adjusted mortality between hospitals meeting and not meeting the volume standards for esophageal, lung, and rectal cancer resections. Mortality rates after pancreatic resection were consistently lower at hospitals meeting the volume standard, although mortality at all hospitals decreased over the study period. For example, in 2016, risk-adjusted mortality rates for hospitals meeting the volume standard were 3.8% (95% CI, 3.3%-4.3%) compared with 5.7% (95% CI, 5.1%-6.5%) for hospitals that did not. Although an increasing majority of patients underwent surgery in hospitals meeting the Leapfrog volume standards over time, the overall proportion of hospitals meeting the standards in 2016 ranged from 5.6% for esophageal resection to 23.3% for pancreatic resection.

Conclusions and Relevance
Although volume remains an important factor for patient safety, the Leapfrog Group's minimum volume standards did not differentiate hospitals based on mortality for 3 of the 4 high-risk cancer operations assessed, and few hospitals were able to meet these standards. These findings highlight important tradeoffs between setting effective volume thresholds and practical expectations for hospital adherence and patient access to centers that meet those standards.


With the rapid development of the network, the industry of electronic commerce shows a blowout type development, and the electronic commerce marketing mode appears in response to this trend. Compared with traditional marketing modes, the electronic commerce marketing mode is more flexible and covers a more extensive range. It fits a new generation of consumer groups' consumption orientation that focuses on individual experience, highlights personality and characteristics, has the desire of socializing and sharing, and attaches importance to application scenarios, emerging as a new force in the competition of the consumer market. Based on the analysis of current electronic commerce marketing strategies, this paper studies multiple factors that influence the electronic commerce marketing, analyses the consuming behavior and shopping psychology of consumers online, thus, to provide countermeasures that can influence the purchase decision of consumers and finally realize the optimal purpose of online marketing.


The purpose of this study is to examine the factors that affect tax
avoidance on companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The dependent
variable used in this study is tax avoidance as measured by Cash Effectve Tax
Rate. These independent variables are Return On Assets, Sales Growth, and
Company Size.
The population in this study are companies listed on the Indonesia Stock
Exchange period 2013-2016. The sample in this research is 135 company for 5
year period, this research used purposive sampling method. Data analysis
technique used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis technique
using SPSS program.
The results showed that: 1) Return On Assets have a negative significant effect on
tax avoidance. 2) Sales Growth has no effect on tax evasion. 3) firm size has a
positive effect on tax avoidance.
Keywords: Tax Evasion, Return On Assets, Sales Growth, Company Size.


Abstract During the growth of barrier-type anodic films on aluminium in aqueous electrolytes, electrolyte species, derived from electrolyte anions, are usually incorporated into an essentially alumina film. Here, use has been made of this phenomenon to investigate the behaviour of anions near the film surface that leads to apparent selective incorporation of electrolyte species during anodizing in mixed electrolytes. For this purpose films were formed in mixtures of different electrolytes and the resultant films analysed by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy and nuclear reaction analyses. The film compositions support a model in which the total concentration of adsorbed anions at the film surface, and hence the consequent contamination of the film by electrolyte species, is determined by the double-layer charge density. However, the relative concentrations of the two electrolyte species in films formed in mixed electrolytes are dependent upon the kinetics and thermodynamics of interfacial processes wh...


An epidemiologic survey of JCA was carried out in two regions of France, the western part of Paris and Brittany, differing in terms of geological background and demography. The prevalence was 0.77 and 0.100% and the incidence 0.019 and 0.013%, respectively. The type of onset, the course of the disease, the immunological data and the degree of final disability were similar in both regions. These data were compared to other studies and the factors of possible discrepancy analysed.


This study represents a part of an extensive experimental program devoted to study the properties of different Lime-Pozzolan systems as a sustainable binder to replace Portland cement in concrete. These systems were Lime-Silica fume, Lime-Silica fume-Fly ash and Lime-Metakaolin. Four powder samples for X-ray diffraction, XRD, analysis was prepared from the studied systems. These samples were chosen to monitor the effect of curing age on the hydration process and to study the difference in hydration products when using different binder systems. According to the defined minerals by XRD analysis, the hydration products of all investigated Lime-Pozzolan mixtures are closely similar to those of Portland cements. The current XRD analyses have been employed to build recommendations for the forecast performance for each system.


Anacardium othonianum Rizz. is an economically important species native of the savannah. Its propagation is predominantly by seeds ; however, under natural conditions or in nurseries, germination is irregular and slow. There are no studies about in vitro propagation of this species. This study developed a methodology for in vitro establishment of A. othonianum Rizz. nodal segments from seeds stored for up to 27 5 days, forming a continuous supply system of explants for in vitro studies. Seeds of A. othonianum Rizz. were stored for 134, 154, 194, 209, 216 and 275 days. Thirty days after sowin g, nodal segments were removed and used as explant sources. The characteristics evaluated w ere: index of emergence velocity (IVE), emergence percentage, average number of total expla nts collected and collection time (days). The experimental design was completely randomized w ith 6 treatments and 4 repetitions. The storage condition of A. othonianum Rizz. seeds from 134 to 275 days was sufficient to obtain young plants. The seedlings that emerged on the tra ys supplied enough explants for in vitro establishment and use in micropropagation trials wi th the species.


The problem of integrated design and control optimization of process plants is discussed in this paper. We consider it as a nonlinear programming problem subject to differential-algebraic constraints. This class of problems is frequently (i) non-convex and (ii) "costly" (i.e. computationally expensive to evaluate). Thus, on the one hand, local optimization techniques usually fail to locate the global solution and, on the second hand, most global optimization methods require many simulations of the model, resulting in unaffordable computation times. As an alternative, one may consider global optimization methods which employ surrogate-based approaches to reduce computation times, and which require no knowledge of the problem structure. A challenging Wastewater Treatment Plant benchmark model (see [1] and references therein) is used to evaluate the performance of these techniques. Numerical experiments with different optimization solvers indicate that the proposed benchmark optimization problem is indeed non-convex, and that we can achieve an improvement of the controller performance compared to the best tuned controller settings available in the literature. Moreover, these results show that surrogate-based methods may indeed reduce computation times while, at the same time ensuring convergence to the best known solutions.


Using smartphone sensors to recognize human activity may be advantageous due to the abundant volume of data that can be obtained. In this paper, we propose a sensor data based deep learning approach for recognizing human activity. Our proposed recognition method uses linear accelerometer (LAcc), gyroscope (Gyr), and magnetometer (Mag) sensors to perceive eight transportation and locomotion activities. The eight activities include: Still, Walk, Run, Bike, Bus, Car, Train, and Subway. In this study, the Sussex-Huawei Locomotion (SHL) Dataset of three participants are used to recognize the physical activities of the users. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) spectrograms generated from the three axes of the LAcc, Gyr, and Mag sensor data are used as input data for our proposed Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model. Experimental results on the task of human activity recognition demonstrated the effectiveness of our proposed user-independent approach over that of competitive baselines.


Robot assistants in the same environment with humans have to interact with humans and learn or at least adapt to individual human needs. One of the core abilities is learning from human demonstrations, were the robot is supposed to observe the execution of a task, acquire task knowledge and reproduce it. In this paper, a system to interpret and reason over demonstrations of household tasks is presented. The focus is on the model based representation of manipulation tasks, which serves as a basis for reasoning over the acquired task knowledge. The aim of the reasoning is to condense and interconnect the knowledge. A measure for the assessment of information content of task features is introduced that relies both on general background knowledge as well as task-specific knowledge gathered from the user demonstrations. Beside the autonomous information estimation of features, speech comments during the execution, pointing out the relevance of features are considered as well


ABSTRACT Proteins, polysaccharides and their blends, as examples of natural biopolymers, are surface active materials. Biopolymers may be considered as amphiphilic macromolecules that play an essential role in stabilizing food formulations (foams, emulsions and dispersions). Under specific conditions (such as protein-to-polysaccharide ratio, pH, ionic strength, temperature, mixing processing), it has been stated that proteins and polysaccharides form hybrids (complexes) with enhanced functional properties in comparison to the proteins and polysaccharides alone. Different protein-polysaccharide pairs are reviewed with particular attention to the emulsification capability of their mixtures. In the case of uncomplexed blends of biopolymers, competitive adsorption onto hydrophobic surfaces is generally reported. Conversely, electrostatic complexation between oppositely charged proteins and polysaccharides allows better anchoring of the new-formed macro-molecular amphiphile onto oil-water interfaces. Moreover, improved thermal stability and increased resistance to external treatment (high pressure) involved in food processing are obtained. This review presents basic and applied knowledge on protein-polysaccharide interactions in aqueous medium and at the oil-water interface in food emulsion systems. Electrostatic interactions and thermodynamic incompatibility in mixed biopolymer solutions are correlated to the functional properties (rheology, surface hydrophobiciry, emulsification power) of these interesting blends. Basic and industrial selected systems of different families of hydrocolloids (as gum Arabic, galactomannans, pectins) and protein (caseins, whey, soya, gelatin) mixtures are reviewed.


Absorption and photoionization coefficients have been measured for H2CO in the 600–2000‐A region. Integrated oscillator strengths were determined for a number of strong Rydberg transitions above 1200 A. From the photoionization curve the first adiabatic ionization potential was found to be 10.87±0.01 eV. As an aid in interpreting the absorption spectrum, theoretical calculations were made using a single‐configuration self‐consistent field procedure for the Rydberg states and a model which included mixing between the Rydberg and valence states. On this basis, weak absorption features between 1340 and 1430 A have been assigned to the 1B1(σ → π *) valence state. The 1A1(π → π *) valence state is deduced to be strongly autoionized just above the 2B2 ionization limit.


The lack of research and formed ideas on the pathogenetic nature of arrhythmia associated with COVID-19 makes it difficult to assess and predict its development, as well as the choice of a strategy to prevent its formation. COVID-19 has a direct impact on the cardiovascular system, and in severe cases, it entails adverse consequences for the patient. The links of pathogenesis that form various disorders in the cardiovascular system are unclear and remain unexplored. The purpose of the study: based on the studied literature, to present and systematize possible pathophysiological mechanisms that can potentiate the development of various arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation in patients who had a coronavirus infection. Materials and Methods. A literature review of scientific papers over the past 3 years was carried out in the search engines PubMed and eLIBRARY using keywords. For this meta-analysis, we used articles containing the evidence and experimental base on the most recent issues related to the epidemiology and pathophysiology of arrhythmias in patients who underwent a new coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2 – atrial fibrillation. For the systematization of facts and a detailed study of literary sources in scientific work, general theoretical research methods were used: methods of analysis and synthesis. Results and Discussion: we present data of epidemiology, pathophysiology of the most frequent arrhythmias in patients who had a new coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2 – atrial fibrillation. Conclusion. Transferred COVID-19 infection has a direct impact on the possibility of developing rhythm disturbances, which pose a significant danger to the life quality in patients with a new coronavirus infection.


The University 101 course seeks to create an attitude among freshmen that helps them appreciate the value of higher education, to point the way to university resources that will allow them to develop to their fullest potential, and thereby to cause more of them to survive the freshman year. This study of first-term freshmen at Tennessee Technological University in 1987-88 and the two academic years following found that 257 (approximately 93 percent) of 276 students who enrolled in the University 101 course re-enrolled for the following term, while 84.8 percent of other first-year freshmen re-enrolled. Little or no significance was found in the relationship of sex, race, American College Testing composite score, or high school grade point average tc retention rates. The study concludes that when a university focuses on improved programs and services that contribute to student satisfaction and success rather than focusing on student retention, students are more satisfied and remain in school longer. Recommendations are offered for improvement of the University 101 program. (Contains 11 references.) (JDD) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. ***********************************************************************


The present application discloses a crane, comprising a mechanical system and control system; control system comprising: operating means for receiving a control command; processing means for reversing a selected command and outputs a control command in accordance with the command motor; a motor control device, a motor for driving the motor command selected mechanical system is selected, and controls the driving motor forward or reverse in accordance with an order under Reversible; monitoring means for detecting the operating state of the crane and outputs operating status information; display means for receives and displays the operating status information. As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the control system of the crane monitoring means for detecting the operation state, and outputs operating status information, and the information displayed, the operator can intuitively grasp the working state of the apparatus by displaying the crane operation state of the display device, without rely on the experience of the working condition of the crane judge, improve the safety of the crane operation.


The author has considered the innovative system as a separate type of systems. The author has done the analysis of current doctrinal and legislative definitions of the innovative system and its components, generalized and proposed an author's version of a respective definition to apply it in the further legislative activity of the state.


This paper presents a new method for the determination of the normal range of variation of the equilibrium moisture content (ΔEMC) for limewood (lindenwood) on the basis of the variation of the reversible moisture content (RMC) as a result of the isothermal and isobar processes of adsorption/hydration at 100% RH and desorption/dehydration at 10% RH. There have been selected a series of characteristics with archaeometric potentials such as the content of the reversible water and the critical time for the correlation of the two curves and others. On the basis of some preliminary experimental data on limewood, there has been created the premise for the usage of these characteristics for clearifying the mechanism of the adsorption/ desorption processes of the reversible water in the impact studies regarding the influence of active preservation treatments. Such aspects as well as their applicability in authentication will be further studied for other wood species in some future papers.


A thermoplastic resin composition which contains (A) a thermoplastic resin and (B) flake glass. The flake glass (B) in the thermoplastic resin composition has an aspect ratio of 30-80, and the content of the flake glass (B) in the thermoplastic resin composition is 25-70 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin (A). The difference between the refractive index of the thermoplastic resin (A) and the refractive index of the flake glass (B) in the thermoplastic resin composition is from 0 to 0.05 (inclusive).


The paper is an attempt to examine the dynamic relationship between man and sea from the perspective of anthropology.By exploring the humanism,egoism,the anthropocentrism,and the sea ecological consciousness implied in the development of the maritime literature,this paper hopes to appeal to peace,vitality and eternality for man's intimate friend——the sea.


In the engineering of cyber-physical systems the engineering process typically focuses on single systems and not on the entire system network. Within the system network the different specification artifacts (in consequence also the implemented systems) for the various cyber-physical systems evolve independently even though they highly interact with each other. As a result, inconsistencies between the different specification artifacts can emerge. An inconsistency implies that at least one artifact is incorrect. Following, specification inconsistencies among single cyber-physical systems within an entire system network endanger correct functioning of the network. Hence, it is of importance to identify all existing inconsistencies and to correct the corresponding artifacts. Therefore, this paper suggests a solution concept for supporting the identification and repair of inconsistencies in interaction-based specification artifacts. The approach relies (i) on the automated detection of inconsistencies among overlapping specification artifacts of different systems participating in the same cyber-physical network, and (ii) on the automated proposal of valid solution options to aid the engineers in decision making w.r.t. resolving the inconsistencies. In this paper, we apply the solution idea to ITU message sequence charts as a typical notation format for interaction-based behavioral specification artifacts of cyber-physical systems.


The motion of highly dielectric polymer cholesteric liquid crystal (PCLC) flakes suspended in a host fluid can be controlled with an ac electric field. The electric field acts to induce a dipole moment on the flake due to interfacial, or Maxwell–Wagner, polarization. Theoretical modeling of PCLC flakes as oblate spheroids shows that the flakes will reorient to align one of the two major axes parallel to the electric field. The theory also supports the observed dependence of the particle reorientation time on the electric-field magnitude, frequency, and particle shape. A PCLC flake's orientation determines its ability to reflect light of a specific wavelength and circular polarization. The ability to switch the position of PCLC flakes with an electric field has implications for electro-optic devices and display applications.


The article studies lexical attributive variation of idioms (introduction of an
adjective), and claims that two conditions should be fulfilled to modify
idioms within standards: the condition of �semantic division� and of
�semantic compatibility�. The latter, in turn, involves two more or less
independent requirements: the semantic compatibility must be inserted into
the conceptual idea of an idiom, and must be satisfied at the level of image.
If the adjective contradicts the meaning of the phrase, the result violates the
rules of use. Therefore, the rules for attributive modification depend on the
idiom itself as well as on the modifier. As both conditions are semantic in
nature, it suggests that the syntactic behaviour of the idiom depends on its
semantics.


In the paper problems of probable removing the Murmansk region from a price area to a non-price area have been considered. Special attention has been paid to analysis of peculiarities of energy system's operation in the Murmansk region and the capacity as a part of "electricity" product. The conclusion about consequences of the region undesirable removing to the non-price area has been made.


A 2-block of a finite group having a Klein four hyperfocal subgroup has the same number of irreducible Brauer characters as the corresponding 2-block of the normalizer of the hyperfocal subgroup.


A closed-form analytical solution is developed for analyzing laminated composite curved beam with out-of-plane fiber waviness under bending. Timoshenko beam theory was adopted in derivation where the effects of shear deformation was considered for moderately thick beam. Explicit expressions for evaluating equivalent axial and bending stiffness are formulated based upon the modified lamination theory and taking the structural deformation characteristics of narrow section beam into consideration. Stress distribution at any given location calculated by the proposed method is investigated. Significant increase of radial normal stress and shear stresses are observed when out-of-plane fiber waviness is introduced. The comparisons between present analytical results and numerical data indicate that the present methodology have ability to capture radial normal, circumferential normal, and shear stress distributions of composite curved beam with out-of-plane fiber waviness and the level of stress predicted is satisfactory with numerical results.


A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a collection of mobile nodes that is connected through a wireless medium forming rapidly changing topologies.Mantes are infrastructure less and can be set up anytime, anywhere.We have conducted survey of protocol properties of various MANET routing algorithms and analyzed them.The routing algorithms considered are classified into three categories proactive (table driven) , reactive (on demand) and Hybrid protocol.The algorithms considered are Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing (AODV) and Destination sequence Vector (DSDV) have been proposed to solve the
multi hop routing problem in Ad-hoc networks.The comparison among three routing protocols are based on the various protocol property parameters such as Routing overhead, packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, path optimality, and throughput are
some metrics commonly used in the comparisons.


In this work, both fully implicit time accurate and non-linear frequency domain methods (NLFD) are used to compute aeroelastic solutions in transonic flows. Specifically, flutter boundaries for a two dimensional NACA64A010 airfoil are calculated and compared to pre-existing experimental results. The time accurate scheme will serve as our numerical benchmark when determining the computational eciency of the NLFD method. Comparable results between the time accurate and NLFD approaches will further justify the NLFD method as an ecient alternative to the study of unsteady periodic problems.


A new innovative partially passive cooling system was conceived and designed for cooling future generation CPUs of 2U servers operating in datacenter racks with a heat load target of 600W. The cooling includes passive flow of a two-phase working fluid inside of a closed loop thermosyphon (LTS), comprised of an evaporator, a condenser, and the connections between them (a riser and a downcomer). The buoyance in the riser is the driver of the flow in the loop, which increases when the heat load dissipated from the CPU is increased (self-controlled system). The newly designed LTS is entirely in aluminum, meaning it is cost effective and light in weigh. Two units can be installed side-by-side in standard 2U server racks to handle both CPUs. The new design (patent pending [1]) is characterized by a new concept of a duo-thermosyphon with headers, riser and downcomer that maximize the thermal-hydraulic performance of the entire loop and frontal face for airflow. The cooling system is partially passive since the heat transported by the LTS is removed via forced air convection, i.e. a fan. Using louvered fin coil technology adapted from automotive applications for the condenser, the energy consumption of the fan can be significantly reduced compared to conventional cold plates, if one so wishes. The total height of the LTS unit is 66mm and its footprint handles large size CPUs without any need of an oversized heat spreader. Simulations with JJ Cooling Innovation's inhouse code considering different environmentally friendly working fluids, air volumetric flow rates and heat loads were performed and are shown to demonstrate the potential of the proposed LTS cooling system.


Maintains that, although service industries would benefit from research concerning the implementation of just‐in‐time (JIT) techniques, most research has focused on JIT only in manufacturing firms. A review of applied journals and articles, however, revealed JIT concepts migrating to non‐manufacturing environments. These articles describe JIT techniques successfully moving from the factory floor to other environments and suggest a potentially rich research opportunity. Summarizes these articles using Benson′s guidelines for applying JIT in service. Illustrates various JIT applications within each of the JIT categories.


Abstract : This monograph hypothesizes that effective American war narratives have consisted of components that are strongly associated with values that relate to American national identity at the time of a conflict. More specifically, this study examines the war narrative used to legitimize three different US wars using the aspects of desirability and feasibility in an effort to identify relevant war narrative components. Desirability is examined by analyzing two criteria: what is at stake, and is war worth it? Feasibility is examined by answering the questions: who is the enemy, and how is war going to solve the problem? This methodology is applied to studies of: the American Revolutionary War, the Spanish American War, and the Korean Conflict. This monograph concludes that central to all American war narratives is an element that pertains to the lack of humane treatment of people. This element ultimately took different forms and covered a wide spectrum that stretches from denial of basic civil rights to torture and unjustifiable killings. Lastly, this monograph found that the historical context that led to war set the conditions that guided the development and dissemination of the war narrative in terms of substance and target audience, respectively.


Since the invention of computers or machines, their capability to perform various tasks has experienced an exponential growth. In the current times, data science and analytics, a branch of computer science, has revived due to the major increase in computer power, presence of huge amounts of data, and better understanding in techniques in the area of Data Analytics, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Deep Learning etc. Hence, they have become an essential part of the technology industry, and are being used to solve many challenging problems. In the search for a good programming language on which many data science applications can be developed, python has emerged as a complete programming solution. Due to the low learning curve, and flexibility of Python, it has become one of the fastest growing languages. Python's ever-evolving libraries make it a good choice for Data analytics. The paper talks about the features and characteristics of Python programming language and later discusses reasons behind python being credited as one of the fastest growing programming language and why it is at the forefront of data science applications, research and development.


In this Comment, we first present general arguments showing that the absence of the Luttinger theorem (LT) for the SU(N) model of Dave, Phillips and Kane (DPK) is rooted in the non-uniqueness of the ground state (GS) of this model for 0 0 is clearly to be taken subsequent to taking the zero-temperature limit of the thermal single-particle Green function in the expression for the Luttinger number N_L. We explicitly establish the validity of this statement for the case of N=4. The details of the relevant calculations being distinctly transparent, one can readily convince oneself that our observation is valid for arbitrary N. It follows that the issues raised by DPK, such as non-existence of the Luttinger-Ward functional and "breakdown of the elemental particle picture in strongly correlated electron matter", are all inessential to the observed failure of the LT. As regards the singularity of the self-energy \Sigma(\omega) on the real \omega-axis, observed by DPK, we demonstrate that this also is a direct consequence of the non-uniqueness of the GS of the SU(N) model for 0 < n < N. In the light of the above observations, we are in a position to state that to this date no case has come to light indicative of the failure of the LT under the conditions for which it has been deduced. [Abridged Abstract]


This chapter accounts for a consistent feminist pedagogy across Woolf's fiction, from The Voyage Out (1915) to Between the Acts (1941). Drawing on Sara Ahmed's Living a Feminist Life (2017) and Kate Manne's Down Girl: The Logic of Misogyny (2018), this chapter demonstrates a consistent attention in Woolf's novels to the lessons girls and women must learn in order to survive their patriarchal world: the accommodations (or lack thereof) that the world makes available to them (financially, spatially, institutionally); the misogyny that structures the access boys and men expect to have to the attentions of girls and women as well as the system of punishments and rewards that polices the availability of these attentions; and the sources of love and independence that allow Woolf's fictional characters to imagine feminist lives and worlds. The chapter carefully situates this account of Woolf's feminist pedagogy with and against the rich tradition of feminist scholarship on Woolf.


This work presented the method to control the instruments using 2D virtual image. In order to realize this method, virtual reality sensing system is used. Virtual reality sensing system is a computer-operated reality that operates an imagined world. In this paper virtual reality has been used to control the instruments & to improve quality control of real system. This work has been demonstrated by using virtual hand buttons instead of physical existing buttons. Experimental results show the effect of the proposed system. The virtual system benefits the user to have better control of instruments & the ability of visual aids.


Spatial patterns of the services sector have been scarcely analyzed in developing countries. In this paper, results show that the services localization follows a Central Place pattern in the case of Mexico. To prove this asseveration, employment data was aggregated in sectorial and spatial terms. Localization and diversity indicators were also used.


This scientific article analyzes the following questions: Abdurahman Jami in his work "Al-Favoidu-z-Ziyoyya" believes that the main feature of the verb is that it belongs to one of the three tenses, which indicates an individual meaning, i.e. an independent meaning. The article also emphasizes that Jami comes with verbal prepositions, the scientist fully explains the form of verbal prepositions, places of their application, the meanings of prepositions that require one form or another. In particular, Abdurahman Jami's chapter on "verbs" includes past and present forms, imperative forms, transitive and intransitive verbs, passive pronouns, a number of meaningful verbs expressing suspicion and (reliable) knowledge (or thinking and calculation), auxiliary verbs, verbs actions expressing closeness, verbs expressing admiration, verbs of praise and insults. It is widely noted that the scholar does not limit himself to providing general information about these verbs, but clearly and accurately interprets the functions and meanings of each verb in this category, expresses their relationship and classifies them separately. The article is devoted to the unique style of Abdurahman Jami, especially his desire for originality. For example, a scientist thinks deeply, clearly expressing the essence, structure, (etymology) of words, grammatical rules. As a result of the study, the article emphasizes that no other complete works of classical Arabic linguistics have been found, which indicates the high scientific significance of the work "Al-Fawaidu-z-Ziyoyya". The results of the study will serve as a resource for those interested in classical Arabic.


Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is strongly associated with cirrhosis. High-risk groups include those with hepatitis due to hepatitis B (HBV) or C (HCV) virus. This chapter provides an algorithm for investigating liver nodules in order to diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma. It explores surgical options including resection, liver transplantation, and minimally invasive options, such as radiofrequency ablation. Palliative options are described and an algorithm for the treatment of HCC is presented. The chapter also discusses hepatic hydatid disease, caused by the metacestode stages of Echinococcus granulosus and E. multilocularis.


The interrelation of Bashkir decorative and applied objects of art is considered in the article. The groups of items are analyzed from the point of their artistic quality and position in an interior. Artistic properties were revealed by comparing the items in quality of the used material (character of handling, finishing, texture, change of surfaces in the process of using); in form, colour and decor which enabled to present some general regularities of forming artistic ensemble in Bashkir folklore.


【Objective : This study is designed in order to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Scalp Acupuncture and Do-ma Acupuncture related with Governer Vessel(Dok) and Bladder Meridian(Chok-taeyang) on acute low back pain Methods : We investigated 10 patients suffering from acute low back pain were treated from Mach. 1st 2005 to Jun. 30th 2005. 10 patients, were diagnosed only straightened curvature on lateral view of lumbar spine X-ray and get Scalp acupunture related with Governer Vessel(Dok) and Bladder Meridian(Chok-taeyang) and Do-ma acupuncture. Pain rating score(PRS) was used to assess the pain for its intensity, frequency, duration, and aggravating factors. And visual analog scale(VAS) was used, too. Results : Both Scalp acupunture related with Governer Vessel(Dok) and Bladder Meridian(Chok-taeyang) and Do-ma acupuncture therapy showed good effect on acute low back pain. It was proved by the difference between PRS and VAS checked before treatment and what checked after treatment. In the evaluation of treatment effect, Exellent was 2(20%), Good was 5(50%), Moderate was 3(30%), Poor was 0(0%). Conclusion : The therapeutic effect of Scalp Acupuncture and Do-ma Acupuncture on acute low back pain can be recommended as a useful therapy to treat acute low back pain.】


Abstract A new method is proposed for the design of PD-like (first order stable) controllers for switched first order unstable systems with time delays. For this purpose, a dwell-time based stability condition of Yan and Ozbay (2008) is used for the class of switched time delay systems studied here. The proposed method finds the values of PD-like controller parameters which minimize an upper bound of the dwell time, minimum time needed between the switching instants to preserve stability. The conservatism analysis of this method is done by time domain simulations. The results show that the calculated upper bound for the dwell time is close to the lower bound of the dwell time observed by simulations.


Supercapacitors, also called electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs), occupy a region between batteries and dielectric capacitors on the Ragone plot describing the relation between energy and power. BET specific surface area and specific capacitance are two important electrochemical property parameters for activated carbon EDLCs, which are usually tested by experimental method. However, it is misspent time to repeat lots of experiments for EDLCs' studies. In this investigation, we developed one theoretical model based on improved particle swarm optimization algorithm back propagation (PSO-BP) neural network (NN) to simulate and optimize BET specific surface area and specific capacitance. Comparative studies between the predicted data and experimental data–earlier deduced by Liu et al, have revealed that improved PSO-BPNN model bears higher prediction accuracy, faster computation speed and better generalization performance.It is concluded that the improved PSO–BP NN is one simple and effective method to find optimal conditions of BET specific surface area and specific capacitance for activated carbon EDLCs.


With mounting sustainability challenges, policy makers have embraced the idea of transformative, mission-oriented innovation policies, to direct innovation objectives towards the 'grand challenges' in recent years. Against this backdrop, the discourse on innovation ecosystems, bringing together actors from science, industry, government and civil society for collaborative research and innovation, has increasingly gained traction. Yet, their role and architectural set-up in a sustainability context remains rather poorly understood. Complementing a systematic literature review with methods of bibliometric analysis and typology building, this paper introduces a typology of mission-oriented innovation ecosystems. It finds that, depending on the type of mission they are trying to address, ecosystems differ, with both a view to the actors involved, and the specific role taken on by them throughout the innovation process. In particular, it points to an increasingly important role of the state for realizing system-level transformations, underlines the importance of civil society involvement, and highlights research organizations' need to adapt to new requirements.


Objective: To determine whether addition of evening primrose to a misoprostol-based abortion regimen can increase the success of abortion. Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial., 148 women referring to Niknafas Hospital in Rafsanajn with diagnosis of missed abortion were randomly allocated into two 74-subject groups. The intervention group used 2000 mg vaginal evening primrose capsules the night before the hospitalization, while the control group did not receive any medication. Both groups received an initial dose of 800 μg of vaginal misoprostol after


The invention discloses an tensionless filling pile structure, which belongs to the technical filed of basic construction structure used for fixing large-scale equipment in construction engineering. The tensionless filling pile structure is application for the supporting of the fixation of a wind mill generator and the like. The tensionless filling pile structure comprises a solid or hollow post body formed by concrete, wherein a plain concrete post body B is annularly covered outside a reinforced concrete post body A, a finely rolled steel bar and a bottom ring are fixed into a whole body to be positioned between a zinc plating corrugated steel tube outer tube and a zinc plating corrugated steel tube inner tube which are inserted in the reinforced concrete post body A, and the finely milled steel bars carry out post tensioning treatment after the casting, so the concrete receives the pressure. The concrete is in a tension-free state under the action of the normal use load of the upper part structures of the wind mill generator and the like. After the adoption of the structure, huge bending moment transmitted from an upper part erected structure can be born by the whole basic structure, so more effective reinforcing concrete supporting base can be generated, and the basic supporting force and the huge bending moment resistance effect can be further improved.


Destabilization mechanism of slurry trench of diaphragm walls in deep excavation was discussed.Based on the Coulomb theory slide mass force equilibrium analysis on the global stability of slurry trench was made and stability factor calculation formula of slurry trench was deduced.Combined with the example,different results were derived by use of the parabola model,cylinder model and correlation method,etc.The effect of different factors on the stability of slurry trenches was given by the calculation formula.At last,a series of specific measures to control the stability of slurry trench were provided.