This paper extends the previous article which presented whakapapa (genealogy) as a framework for understanding identity (Te Rito, 2007a) by tracing the history of events regarding the ownership and ultimate alienation of extensive tracts of land that were originally under Māori ownership/guardianship. Much land was lost and as a consequence, whakapapa links and identity were affected. This work is drawn from the author's doctoral dissertation (Te Rito, 2007b) where considerably more detail is available to interested readers. The present paper uses a case study approach with specific hapū (sub-tribe) and whānau (extended family) to identify the key events and outcomes regarding struggles about land and their deeper implications. These particular struggles were primarily fought in the courtrooms in the late 1800s. They illustrate that legal positions were complicated by differences in language, principles, values and methods of two cultural traditions often at conflict with one another - that of the indigenous Māori and that of the colonising Pākehā (British settler). An eventual consequence is that Māori in the area today find themselves with very little land, severely marginalised and in the lowest socio-economic grouping of New Zealand society.


In this paper, we introduce a physical layer implementation and some test results for the multiple input multiple output - orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) fast prototype system for the fourth generation mobile communication. The system has the key features of antenna diversity maximizing and fading-robustness with the preamble/pilots and frame structures, which are suitable for channel estimation, timing, and frequency synchronization and unbiased signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio estimation. These features are verified by the analysis and evaluation test results got from the implemented MIMO-OFDM system.


Paraurethral or Skene's duct cysts are a rare congenital abnormality in the female neonate and are characterised by a round, yellow or orange-coloured cystic mass on either side of the urethra meatus. Excision, marsupialization and needle aspiration of the cyst are all effective methods of treatment. However, spontaneous resolution has also been observed as reported in the present case.


The main purpose of this project is to develop a Solar Hybrid Power System Model using Arduino with a Smart Control and Monitoring System for community and can be used as a model for secondary school students to understand the concept of renewable energy working principles.The learning process is easier with Arduino as the main system controller that control a solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy system.The SCADA system was developed to provide a real time control and data acquisition with a human-machine interface (HMI) to connect the user to the controller.This project used a solar photovoltaic (PV) and mini wind turbine to represent renewable energy that can generate electricity to replace non-renewable energy.Additionaly,this project provides the students with information about renewable energy such as solar and wind that can generate electricity,which integrated with Visual Basic software as a graphic user interface (GUI).Furthermore,an MIT app Inventor application was used in order to control the output of this model via a smartphone.At the end of this project,the mini hybrid solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy system that serve as an educational training tool are working properly with Arduino as a controller and an MIT app inventor as the human machine interface (HMI). Thus,the students will be able to understand the concept of solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy as a renewal energy source.


The paper deals with the analysis of unsteady operation that happened to the the PZL-10W type due to suction of gunpowder gas released by a missile engine and drawn in through the engine intake channel. The ranges of engine operational parameters have been split into three characteristic intervals: the quasi progress and the steady one for the specific parameter. The moment of the engine stall was determined by monitoring other parameters of the engine operation, such as the output torque that exhibited momentary pulsat


NF-κB is an inducible transcription factor that plays a role in the expression of over one hundred genes involved in immunity, inflammation, proliferation, and in defense against apoptosis. NF-κB has been known to be redox regulated for some time and is a direct target for oxidation that can affect its ability to bind to DNA. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been identified as second messengers in cells, and play a role in receptor signaling and posttranslation modification of signaling molecules. These posttranslation modifications include oxidations of critical cysteines to sulfenic acids or mixed disulfides, which can affect the activity of proteins. Many kinases involved in direct or indirect activation of NF-κB are affected by oxidants and therefore, have the potential to alter NF-κB activity. This review will provide a summary of the NF-κB family, their activation and regulation, followed by a summary of cytoplasmic and nuclear kinases in this pathway whose activity is affected by oxidants. Additi...


This study reviews key factors that led to the phenomenal growth of mobile money banking services in Kenya using M‐PESA, "mobile cash money", the leading mobile money service provider as a case study. The study considers the outstanding challenges experienced by users, possible solutions and future trends. These aspects are covered through a critical review of existing literature, secondary data and a survey targeting mobile phone users living in the major urban centers, considered to be the early adopters of new technologies in Kenya. Several lessons learnt from the mobile money rollout in this Kenyan experience are identified for future researchers and practitioners.


This paper reviews the application of computer simulation to shipbuilding. Simulation has now been used successfully in advanced manufacturing businesses. It has also been widely applied to transportation problems and the service sector. Some experts suggest that simulation will impact on manufacturing in the late 90's the way CAD did in the 80's. Computer hardware and software have improved and are now able to support more sophisticated models and simulation languages that make model building easier. However the application to the shipbuilding industry faces some difficulties, which are addressed in this paper. Furthermore, the paper identifies the benefits gained from using simulation. It also defines requirements for a software tool suitable for a shipbuilding environment.


Application of a calculation method to determine the free convection, the temperature distribution and the energy transfer in pools of metal, to the optimization of a twin-bath zinc-coating furnace. Influence of external energy supply, in form of differing wall temperature distributions, on the functionning of a conventional metal bath pot


We study experimentally how the ability to communicate affects the frequency of using flexible and rigid contracts in a bilateral trade context where sellers can adjust trade quality after observing a post-contractual cost shock and a discretionary buyer transfer. In the absence of communication, we find that rigid contracts are more frequent and lead to higher quality levels. By contrast, in the presence of communication, flexible contracts are more frequent and productive. The first result generalizes previous theory and evidence to noncompetitive environments. The second result shows that communication can remove the cost of flexibility. We offer a theoretical explanation based on social norms. * Brandts: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Institut d'Anàlisi Econòmica (CSIC) and Barcelona GSE. Charness: University of California, Santa Barbara. Ellman: Institut d'Anàlisi Econòmica (CSIC) and Barcelona GSE. The authors thank Christina Rott for excellent research assistance and Hector Solaz for running the experiments for us at the LINEEX lab of the University of Valencia. The authors benefited from comments received at the following conference and seminar presentations: IMEBE in Barcelona, ESA in Chicago, CESIfo in Munich, ASSA in Chicago, USC Law School and University of Amsterdam. Brandts acknowledges financial support from the Antoni Serra Ramoneda (UAB – Catalunya Caixa) Research Chair, the Spanish Ministry of Economics and Competitiveness (Grant: ECO2011-29847-C02-01) and the Generalitat de Catalunya (Grant: 2009 SGR 820) and Ellman gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Grant number ECO201125293 and the Generalitat de Catalunya (Grant: 2009 SGR 820).


This paper investigates joint wireless information and energy transfer in a two-user MIMO interference channel, in which each receiver either decodes the incoming information data (information decoding, ID) or harvests the RF energy (energy harvesting, EH) to operate with a potentially perpetual energy supply. In the two-user interference channel, we have four different scenarios according to the receiver mode - (ID1, ID2), (EH1, EH2), (EH1, ID2), and (ID1, EH2). While the maximum information bit rate is unknown and finding the optimal transmission strategy is still open for (ID1, ID2), we have derived the optimal transmission strategy achieving the maximum harvested energy for (EH1, EH2). For (EH1, ID2), and (ID1, EH2), we find a necessary condition of the optimal transmission strategy and, accordingly, identify the achievable rate-energy (R-E) tradeoff region for two transmission strategies that satisfy the necessary condition - maximum energy beamforming (MEB) and minimum leakage beamforming (MLB). Furthermore, a new transmission strategy satisfying the necessary condition - signal-to-leakage-and-energy ratio (SLER) maximization beamforming - is proposed and shown to exhibit a better R-E region than the MEB and the MLB strategies. Finally, we propose a mode scheduling method to switch between (EH1, ID2) and (ID1, EH2) based on the SLER.


New samples of Enoxil (Enoxil I, Enoxil II and Enoxil III) were obtained by oxidation of enotannins. The antioxidant properties of enotannins and Enoxils were determined by means of the chemiluminescence method. It was demonstrated that the antioxidant activity of novel chemical compounds is by 29-32% more pronounced than that of enotannins used as raw material. By applying the potentiometric method of "Boehm titrations" the amount of acidic functional groups (carboxyl and phenolic) in enotannins and the mentioned Enoxil preparations was determined. The obtained results reveal that new substances contain about 3-4 times more acidic functional groups than Enotannins.


Interleukin 15 (IL‐15) is critical for the development of human and murine natural killer (NK) cells and hepatic‐derived NK T cells (NKT) in mice, and for the homeostatic maintenance of NK/NKT and CD8+ memory T cells. The lymphocyte repertoire of an adult human liver includes significant populations of NK and NKT‐like cells, which may arise locally from hepatic haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). We investigated hepatic IL‐15 levels and the expression of IL‐2/IL‐15‐receptor β‐chain (IL‐2/IL‐15Rβ ; CD122) on mature hepatic lymphocytes and HSCs. Reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) was used to detect secreted/intracellular IL‐15 transcripts. IL‐15 protein was localized using immunohistochemistry; levels were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay IL‐2/IL‐15Rβ expression by flow‐cytometry. Normal hepatic IL‐15 protein was detected at 0·43 ng/100 mg total protein (n = 11, range 0·10 ng−0·9 ng). There was a significant increase in HCV‐infected tissue (1·78 ng, P < 0·005, n = 11, range 0·18–2·43 ng). The staining pattern suggests that infiltrating monocytes and tissue resident Kupffer cells are the main producers. IL‐15 protein was detected in supernatants from cultured liver biopsy specimens in the absence of stimulation (mean 175·8 pg/100 mg wet tissue, n = 3), which increased significantly upon stimulation (P < 0·05, mean 231·21 pg). On average, 61% of hepatic HSCs expressed IL‐2/IL‐15Rβ suggesting a local lymphopoietic role. Eighty per cent of NK and 45·8% of CD56+ T cells expressed IL‐2/IL‐15Rβ, suggesting involvement in local CD56+ cell activation and expansion. Constitutive expression of IL‐15 protein and IL‐2/IL‐15Rβ on hepatic lymphocytes suggests a key role in the generation and maintenance of the unique hepatic lymphoid repertoire. The significant increase observed in HCV‐infected liver suggests a role for IL‐15 in host antiviral responses in the liver.


A low cost compact diagnostic has many implications in today's society. Smart phone technology has exponentially grown and with it the imaging capabilities associated with smart phones. The goals of this research are i) to determine the feasibility of combining in the field smart phone images with color dependent assay results, ii) to develop a MatLab® image analysis code to analyze these results, and iii) compare limits of detection between the unaided eye and MatLab® image analysis software. Orange G dye is used to create a stock solution and subsequent titers for analysis. Autocad is used to design an assay platform of 10x10 wells that are printed via a Xerox® Phaser printer with wax ink onto nitrocellulose paper. Dilutions are performed and pipetted into the wells. The image analysis code is used to determine hue, saturation, and value (HSV) values of wells. A limit of detection study using the dye is performed. HSV values are used to form calibration curves. The resulting curve fit equations are then integrated into the image analysis code to determine dye concentration. Finally, the complete capability is demonstrated by using an analogous 10x10 well experimental nitrocellulose sheet, which included a follow-up experiment via a spot check analysis. This study illustrates the feasibility of a low cost image analysis as a tool for lateral flow assay diagnostic versus the unaided eye. Future work includes using this protocol in conjunction with a lateral flow immunoassay and developing an application for the analysis. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First I would like to thank my thesis advisor, Professor David Clague, for giving me the opportunity to work with him in the microfluidics laboratory and entrusting this project to me. He helped me tremendously when the project became difficult and it felt as though I would never finish, he was there to help me push through and to celebrate the successes. I thank him for all of the advice and effort he gave me. I would also like to thank my committee members, Professors R. Savage and S. Hazelwood for graciously taking the time to review my work and attend my defense. Without my Mom I would not have been able to accomplish all that I have. I would like to thank her for always being there for me to share my success, stress, love, and every other emotion. Without you Mom, I would not be the person I am today. You are …


Indian secularists compound difficulties for the emergence of a genuinely secular society by relying on an exclusively constitutional rather than a dialogical approach to settle India's religious disputes as manifested in Ayodhya and elsewhere. There are, however, intellectuals who favour dialogue with religious communities to strengthen secularism but are afraid of suggesting dialogue with contending parties on contentious issues like the Ayodhya dispute for fear of legitimising religious fundamentalism. As a result, the notion of 'contentious dialogue' is avoided even while the need for dialogue is recognised. Instead of religious grievances getting resolved through law, they get embroiled over a period of time and result in the rise of religious fundamentalism and terrorism, thereby deepening the crisis of secularism. In the Ayodhya dispute, communities encouraged by the secular state have followed a legal approach to the settlement of their religious grievances since 1950. While the dispute languished in court, the demolition of the Babri Mosque in 1992, the emergence of religious terrorism and the riots in Gujarat in 2002 followed. All these developments are in some way interrelated and need a broad and holistic counter-strategy. Only a dialogic approach will induce communities to comprehend the interconnected nature of problems arising from the Ayodhya dispute and make them seek solutions outside the law. This paper proposes a model of reconciliation based on the themes of recognition of intrinsic faith, negotiation with extrinsic elements of each religion and sacrifice. This dialogical approach ought to be carried out by a non-sectarian political society that must involve ruling and opposition parties, NGOs, lawyers, administrators and contending religious organisations in order to seek a realistic solution to the Ayodhya dispute in the larger and long-term interest of a secular polity in India.


The TiO2 nanoparticles (Degussa P25) were modified with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The effects of pH and CTAB content on photocatalytic performance were examined. The interaction mechanism between CTAB and TiO2 was revealed via SPS analysis. The results of photocatalytic experiment suggest that the photocatalytic activity of sample prepared at pH=10 and m(CTAB)m ∶ (TiO2)=1 ∶ 10 reaches the maximum. This is interaction result between surface adsorb and photocatalytic degradation.


Among the major challenges for the power systems of the future, one may find the arise of a new approach of electricity production - the Distributed Generation (DG) systems - and photovoltaics (PV) is the main technology for this new approach. In this scenario, a new electricity market agent appeared - the prosumer - consumers that can also produce their own energy. The retail price is one of the main factors that encourages PV systems adoption under a net metering scheme. The present work shows an investigation on the influence of regulated electricity tariffs as volumetric charges structure on the residential DG PV systems adoption in a developing country context. I use a panel data from 2013-2017 with 5570 municipalities in Brazil, having as response variable the number of new PV installations and as explanatory variable the electricity tariffs among 105 different distribution companies. The results imply that for each one BRL cent of tariff increase, there will be an expansion of about 5.3% in new residential PV projects in the following year.


This book will provide information about various methods of complexation along with their advantages and disadvantages. It finds broad application for researchers working in area of problems or limitations of BCS class II and IV drugs. Complexation of drug (guest) with cyclodextrins (host) is widely used for enhancement of solubility, stability, dissolution, bioavailability of both herbal and synthetic drugs. It is applicable in all the areas of medicine, pharmacy, science, chemistry and allied branches.


The present invention provides a window blind apparatus comprising: a double blind sheet; a winding rod for winding the double blind sheet thereon; a guide rod for guiding the double blind sheet; a driving control unit for driving the winding rod and the guide rod; a housing; and a sheet-opening unit arranged in the housing to open the double blind sheet. The window blind apparatus moves the guide rod to adjust the opening/shutting of the blind sheet during the upward/downward movement of the blind sheet.


We have studied theoretically how nonmagnetic dopants, which change the local coupling of spins to the host, affect the low-temperature thermodynamic characteristics of quasi-one-dimensional (Q1D) quantum spin antiferromagnets. Our theory qualitatively and, in some cases, quantitatively describes the behavior of the magnetic susceptibility and specific heat of the Q1D system BaCu2(Si1−xGex)2O7. We have shown that in some cases the strong disorder in the distribution of characteristics of magnetic impurities in quantum antiferromagnetic spin chains can be the cause of magnetic ordering, if such chains are weakly coupled to each other, while for homogeneous chains and chains with a weak disorder a small enough coupling between chains will not produce magnetic ordering. For other values of the parameters, magnetic impurities can decrease the Neel temperature compared to that of the homogeneous Q1D spin system.


In 1954 the American geographer Stephens Jones published an article entitled A Unified Field Theory of Political Geography, in which he explains the geographical-political process that leads to the conformation of a political space. Such a process comprises five phases, which begin with the political idea, followed by a decision-making, the generation of a movement in the space, the creation of a political action field, to finnish with the political space conformation. In order to explain this process, Jones uses the conformation of the State of Israel case (political space) from the political idea represented by the Sionism. Since the State of Israel is in the middle of the fightings that take place nowadays in one of the richest oil regions of the world, by means of this article we intend to reread Jones, with the aim of helping understand the conflicting situation in the Middle East, since this process goes on and the State of Israel is a political space in full transformation.


1 Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering & Technology, NH-58, Baghpat By-pass Crossing, Delhi-Haridwar Highway, Meerut-250005, India. E-Mail:email@example.com, Mobile No.:+91 9411903989 (Corresponding author). 2 Department of Pharmacy, Ram-Eesh Institute of Vocational & Technical Education, 3Knowledge Park-1, Greater Noida. 3 Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Bharat Institute of Technology, NH-58, Partapur By-pass, Delhi-Haridwar Highway, Meerut-250005, India. E-Mail:firstname.lastname@example.com, Mobile No.:+91 989707571.


In this era of full-time on-line communications world-wide, humans are experiencing more frequent periods of insufficient sleep than they used to. Insufficient sleep is associated with multiple acute and chronic diseases in various organs, including the gastrointestinal, immune, metabolic, and cardiovascular systems, which could result in increased mortality. Prolonged wakefulness increases the metabolic demand of various organs, whereas insufficient sleep may attenuate cellular quality control mechanisms. However, the molecular mechanism through which sleep deficiency leads to health problems remains to be elucidated. In a recent paper published in Cell, Vaccaro et al. reported that, in flies, of all the organs in the body, only the small and large intestines exhibited increases in the level of oxidative stress and consequent tissue damage in response to lethal sleep deprivation induced by three different interventions. Furthermore, they showed that suppression of oxidative stress in the gut through either pharmacological or genetic interventions can prevent the death of flies even in the presence of severe sleep deficiency. In their experiments, the accumulation of oxidative stress in the gut was cumulative during sleep deprivation. Death of flies was induced after 10 days, most likely due to apoptotic and necrotic cell death of enterocytes, whereas oxidative stress in the gut gradually reverted to baseline 20 days after the fly was allowed to sleep. Accumulation of oxidative stress and consequent organ damage in the gut was also observed when mice were subjected to sleep deprivation, although how sleep deprivation affects the mortality or any functional abnormality of mice has not been investigated (Figure 1). The authors' findings are quite intriguing in that oxidative stress is increased by sleep deprivation primarily in the gut in flies and mice, and that oxidative stress was observed in enterocytes before they show cellular damage. No obvious sign of oxidative stress or tissue damage was found in other organs, despite a high degree of sleep deprivation. Also intriguing is that, despite the possible presence of diverse concurrent cellular effects of sleep deprivation, a single intervention to alleviate oxidative stress in the gut was able to rescue the death of flies even in the continued presence of sleep deprivation, clearly showing the causality of the oxidative stress in the gut. Although oxidative stress in the gut was identified as the first responder to sleep deficiency in flies and mice, how sleep deficiencies are initially sensed and oxidative stress accumulates primarily in the gut remains unclear. The authors speculate that higher metabolic demands, due to prolonged wakefulness, lead to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondria during adenosine triphosphate synthesis. Endoplasmic reticulum stress caused by depressed protein quality control mechanisms may also lead to increased production of ROS. Since dihydroethidium staining is increased in the gut in sleep deficient flies and mice and superoxide dismutase, which converts superoxide to hydrogen peroxide, effectively reduces oxidative stress, the local production of superoxide appears to be increased. Thus, besides electron leakage from mitochondria, stimulation of enzymes directly producing superoxide, including NADPH oxidases, may also be induced by sleep deficiency. In any event, locally produced ROS are supposed to be scavenged immediately by antioxidants abundantly available in many organs, including the heart and brain. Thus, the gut could be one of the rare places where defense mechanisms against oxidative stress are compromised during sleep deficiency. The small intestine is known to be the most regenerative organ in the body, with epithelial cells regenerating very frequently, most likely because intestinal epithelial cells are subjected to constant wear and tear, including exposure to cytotoxic materials, during the digestive process. Thus, the defense mechanisms, including antioxidants, in the gut may be easily deteriorated during stress. In humans, sleep deprivation causes cardiovascular complications, including hypertension and coronary artery disease. Considering the fact that sleep deprivation may affect cardiovascular disease through its effects upon autonomic nervous systems, endocrine mechanisms, metabolism, and inflammation, important questions include whether or not the cardiovascular complications of sleep deprivation are mediated through oxidative stress in the gut and, if so, how the gut communicates with the cardiovascular system. Oxidative stress and pathological changes in the gut may induce the production of cytokines and activation of inflammatory and immune cells, which, in turn, affect the cardiovascular system. ROS may activate inflammasomes in the gut, thereby leading to the production of inflammatory cytokines and the recruitment of immune cells, causing systemic inflammation. IL-6 and C-reactive protein are increased during sleep deprivation. ROS in the gut may stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, which may, in turn, cause an increase in blood pressure and cardiac arrhythmia. Accumulation of ROS in the gut


This study aims to evaluate the spatial distributions of metal elements in water, sediments, and fish species (Pangasius sp. and Hemibagrus sp.) sampled from Selangor River, Pahang River and nearby aquaculture ponds, and to assess the safety of the fish consumption. The concentrations of Na, Mg, K, Ca, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd, and Pb in those samples were determined using the microwave-assisted digestion-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometric method which has been verified with a series of certified reference materials. The natural clustering tendency corresponding to metal variability was explored using principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis. The results revealed that the metal variability in the waterbody and sediment samples mostly originated from human activities around the sampling sites, in addition to natural variations. Such variations were also reflected on the metal accumulation pattern in the sampled fish, although the variations between different tissues were mainly subjected to their metabolic activities. Based on the findings, Hemibagrus sp. was suggested as a potential bioindicator for hazardous metal pollution. In risk and safety assessment, the metal concentrations in the edible muscle of the fish samples were found to be below the established limits, although target hazard quotient of As and Se in wild Hemibagrus sp. from Selangor River approached unity.


Rapid synthesis of the potent antiviral agent, cyclobut-A, 1a, from the inexpensive starting materials maleic anhydride and acetylene, in both racemic and optically active forms, is described; the route also allows for the preparation of several hydroxylated and keto analogues in good overall yield.


A method for finding correspondences between widely separated views is presented. The proposed solution consists in estimating the local perspective distortion between the neighborhoods of junctions. To this end, a formulation is proposed, based on a constrained minimization involving an estimated fundamental matrix. An application is also proposed to fundamental matrix recovery using crude camera pose estimates.


Sinusoidal Fundamentals 1. Sinusoidal Waveform 2. Phasors 3. Series Circuits 4. Parallel Circuits 5. Filter Terminology 6. Low Pass Filter 7. High Pass Filter 8. Amplifier Frequency Response 9. Resonance 10. Nonsinusoidal Waveforms 11. Harmonic and Reconstruction and Extraction by Superposition 12. Superposition Analysis of Circuit Response to Nonsinusoidal Waveforms 13. Series-Parallel Analysis by Impedance Combination 14. Thevenin's and Norton's Theorems 15. Mesh and Nodal Analysis 16. Single Phase AC Power 17. Three Phase Systems 18. Magnetics for AC Circuits 19. Practical AC Power Transformers


SUMMARY Community coalition participants are adopting new communication tools. This article identifies issues involving adoption of one type of communication tool, computer-mediated communications (CMC), based on a review of relevant literature and a recent exploratory research study of CMC adoption by community coalitions. Suggestions for aiding adoption and anticipating problems are presented and some social justice and professional value issues are highlighted. Human service professionals whose work involves community coalitions may find the theoretical background and practical advice useful in anticipating and responding to CMC changes in coalitions.


With the acceleration of China's opening-up, the number and scale of multinational corporations' investment projects in China are constantly increasing. However, in order to obtain greater benefits in the Chinese market, some multinational corporations choose to seek illegitimate commercial interests through bribery. The increasing corruption cases of transnational corporations have bad influences on China's economic development, business environment and international reputation. However, there are still many deficiencies in China's legal system to regulate the corruption of transnational corporations. This paper will study the legislation on transnational corporations' corruption in China, and put forward more effective suggestions for China to regulate the corruption of transnational corporations in legislation. This paper will analyze the current anti-corruption legal system against transnational corporations in China and other countries, and use the method of comparison and case study to find deficiencies in Chinese laws. Through the analysis, it is concluded that China should formulate a special Anti-commercial Bribery Law in order to improve the legislation in relevant fields.


In order to protect electronic information system against over voltage damage,mechanism of over voltage in low voltage power distribution systems and requirements of equipment voltage were stated firstly.With the use of code,parameters selection and application of SPD wee studied in the electrical design of electronic information system which can be referenced by relevant people.


This paper describes a SF6 load break switch specially designed for 20kV 630A overhead networks which are equipped with insulated cables.


A method for extraction tablet device (10) comprises a circular sidewall (3) of the cup (2) from the interior of the blister (9), side walls (3) can comfortably grip by the hand. Inner cup (2) is provided with a central upward projection (12), the projection (12) extends into the cup side wall (3) above and its free end is shaped to be easily torn foil blister layer, whereby the tablet by rotary cup (2) is removed from the blister (9) and fall easily recovered cup.


The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of on causes, types, and action strategies of student with intellectual disability(ID) alienation in inclusive physical education classes(IPEC) of elementary school. Four students and two teachers in two IPEC were selected as participants for this study. Five times of in-depth interviews and eight times of observations were conducted for six months. It was showed that the major internal causes of alienation in IPEC were a lack of exercise experiences and communication skills, excessive dependent, and feeling of learned failure, and the external causes were a conventional limitation of school, prejudice of school members, indifference and reproach of teachers and peers without disabilities, competitive and play-oriented class climate, absence of instructional strategies, and inexperienced classroom management. In addition, the alienated students with ID used to certain action strategies such as hiding, onlooking, serving as a bridesmaid, and pretending excellent.


In this essay, I wish to explore the question of whether certain approaches to statutory interpretation can be regarded as wrongful. My argument concerns instances in which interpreters take advantage of linguistic accident to license arguments that flout the intent or purpose of a law. Philosopher Bernard Williams calls reliance on literal meaning in this manner "fetishizing assertion," and considers it tantamount to lying. If linguistic practices that rely too heavily on linguistic accident are wrongful, then serious ethical questions present themselves to the legal system. For if we acknowledge the problem, we then are forced to ask ourselves how comfortable we are with a rule of law that cannot rely fully on the law as written to sustain its legitimacy. In this brief essay, I raise these issues, and comment on their relationship to questions of judicial candor in cases concerning the interpretation of statutes. I conclude that especially when there is doubt about meaning, or suspicion that the legislature has erred, it is essential to turn to the purpose of the law in order to avoid the moral consequences of assertive fetishism. I further argue that recourse to purpose, contrary to the views of many, actually reduces the range of judicial discretion, and that those who associate purposive interpretation with judicial activism appear to be subject to a cognitive bias—the conjunction fallacy.


Due to the increasing demand for fast data rates and large spectra, millimeter-wave technology plays a vital role in the advancement of 5G communication. The idea behind Mm-Wave communications is to take advantage of the huge and unexploited bandwidth to cope with future multigigabit-per-second mobile data rates, imaging, and multimedia applications. In Mm-Wave systems, digital precoding provides optimal performance at the cost of complexity and power consumption. Therefore, hybrid precoding, i.e., analog–digital precoding, has received significant consideration as a favorable alternative to digital precoding. The conventional methods related to hybrid precoding suffer from low spectral efficiency and large processing time due to nested loops and the number of iterations. A manifold optimization-based algorithm using the gradient method is proposed to increase the spectral efficiency to be near optimal and to speed up the processing speed. A comparison of performances is shown using the simulation outcomes of the proposed work and those of the existing techniques.


The quality assessment of spruce seeds consists mainly in determining their germination capacity, including germination rate (speed), but also purity and weight. Internationally recognised methods are listed in the ISTA Rules for Seed Testing which also specify test conditions. Some countries such as Poland use modified methods. Apart from providing information about the purity of a species, purity testing can also identify the proportion of winged seeds in each seed lot. Germination tests yield data on the maximum germination potential of a seed lot which are used to compare the quality of different lots and to establish the field sowing values. This paper presents the methods used for assessing the quality of Norway spruce seeds, and discusses their advantages and disadvantages and the problems that need further investigation. Additional key words: Norway spruce, purity, germination, health testing Address: Z. Prochazkova, Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Research Station Kunovice, Na Záhonech 601, 686 04 Kunovice, Czech Republic, e-mail: email@example.com


Dielectronic recombination (DR) is an important process in hot plasma physics as well as in atomic structure and collision theory. This work reports the studies of the KLL DR resonance strengths of He-, Li-, Be-, B-, C-, N-, and O-like tungsten ions, through both experiment and calculation. The experimental resonance strengths were determined within uncertainty below 11% at the Shanghai electron beam ion trap by employing a fast electron beam-energy scanning technique. A fully relativistic configuration interaction method implemented in the flexible atomic code was employed to calculate DR process and also radiative recombination (RR). The consideration of the interference effect between DR and RR was revealed to be necessary to determine the resonance strength.


On the Timelike Surface with Constant Angle in Hyperbolic Space  In this paper , we study constant timelike angle surface whose unit normal vector field make constant timelike with a fixed spacelike axis  in  in Hyperbolic space .  Let   be a spacelike immersion and let  be a unit normal vector field to .  If there exists spacelike direction   such that timelike angle  is constant on , then  is called constant timelike angle surfaces with spacelike axis in . Also, conditions being a constant angle surface in  have been determined and invariants of these surfaces have been investigated.


A scanning radiometer was used to determine the effect of airstream velocity on the mean drop diameter of water sprays produced by pressure atomizing and air atomizing fuel nozzles used in previous combustion studies. Increasing airstream velocity from 23 to 53.4 meters per second reduced the Sauter mean diameter by approximately 50 percent with both types of fuel nozzles. The use of a sonic cup attached to the tip of an air assist nozzle reduced the Sauter mean diameter by approximately 40 percent. Test conditions included airstream velocities of 23 to 53.4 meters per second at 293 K and atmospheric pressure.


Fifty three samples of different types of imported and locally produced drinks consumed in central zone of Malaysia were analyzed using gamma-ray spectrometry system. The measurement was conducted for 12 hours using a Canberra p-type high purity germanium (HPGe) gamma spectrometer with 30% relative efficiency resolution of 1.8 keV at 1.33 MeV. The detector was connected to a computer with MCA card (Accuspec B) and Genie-2000 Analysis software of Canberra Industries, USA. The geometric means of daily intakes of U, Th and K were 0.05, 0.08 and 27.23 respectively. Also the values give annual committed effective doses of 0.8, 6.5 and 61.53 μSv yr for U, Th and K, respectively for population in central zone of Malaysia. The net radiological impact of these radionuclides is 68.83 μSv yr. This value gives cancer risk factor of 1.72 ×10. Also the value of net radiological impact gives loss of life expectancy of 0.43 days only. Whereas ICRP cancer risk factor for general public is 2.5 ×10 and total risk involve from the all natural radiation sources based on global average annual radiation dose of 2.4 mSv yr is 6.0 ×10 . The estimated cancer risk shows that probability of increase of cancer risk from daily Malaysian drinks is only a minor fraction of ICRP values. Therefore the drink samples investigated here does not pose any significant health hazard and is considered radiologically safe for human consumption.


Cloud computing model offers a promise of cost savings with increased IT agility. Cloud industry is growing quickly and vendors are investing significant amount of money to develop Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) and harness the benefits of cloud computing in various business activities. The aim of this paper is to analyze the benefits of cloud along with certain objectives focused on cloud services that would help in designing a better cloud Supply Chain Network (SCN). Cloud can offer tremendous benefits and advantages to the SCN. Many companies have already adopted Cloud SaaS and many more companies are in the process of adopting it. Companies globally are realizing that cloud computing can offer large benefits to the supply chain industry. A cloud service can be utilized to enhance the key parameters of SCN. Proper information available at any given point of time in the SCN leads to better decisions. The benefits achieved through the integration of cloud with the supply chain can be evaluated and assessed in terms of their relative importance. The knowledge of benefits offered by the cloud is useful in deciding the priorities in make or buy decision. This analysis helps in identifying benefits that can be grouped into factors. The factors will be useful in deciding the relative preference of one benefit over the other benefit depending on the application. Such factors will enable the information data structure of the SCN to perform more efficiently.


Nine experiments were conducted to explore pitch-time integration in music. In Experiments 1-6, listeners heard a musical context followed by probe events that varied in pitch class and temporal position. When evaluating the goodness-of-fit of the probe (Experiment 1), listeners' ratings showed more influence of pitch class than of temporal position. The tonal and metric hierarchies contributed additively to ratings. Listeners again rated goodness-of-fit in Experiment 2, but with instructions to ignore pitch. Temporal position dominated ratings, but an effect of pitch consistent with the tonal hierarchy remained. Again, these two factors contributed additively. A speeded classification task in Experiments 3 and 4 revealed asymmetric interference. When making a temporal judgment (Experiment 3), listeners exhibited a response bias consistent with the tonal hierarchy, but the metric hierarchy did not affect their pitch judgments (Experiment 4). Experiments 5 and 6 ruled out alternative explanations based on the presence of pitch classes and temporal positions in the context, unequal numbers of pitch classes and temporal positions in the probe events, and differential difficulty of pitch versus temporal classification. Experiments 7-9 examined the factors that modulate the effect of temporal variation on pitch judgments. In Experiment 7, a standard tone was


1. An animal's energetic condition is causally related to its ability to display costly behaviours such as aggressive behaviours. Aggressive behaviours are used by animals interacting with heterospecifics when competing through interference. Therefore, how does the abundance of energetic resources influence the pattern of interspecific competition by interference at the community level? To answer this, ants were used as models because the aggressiveness of workers is fuelled by the consumption of carbohydrates.


Abstract: By using a two-dimensional numerical simulation of the fully hydrodynamic equations,the dynamics of the undulation traveling wave(UTW) convection in a binary fluid mixture was studied.For the separation ratio ψ = 0.3,two types of UTW convection appear with increasing the reduced Rayleigh number r.They are UTW convection without fixedperiod and with fixed period.For the former,mean wavenumbers change between k = 2.88and k = 3.14.When the propagating direction of the UTW convection is varied,the period of the convection amplitude which periodically changes is breaked,and the convection amplitude fluctuates and is modulated.For the latter,its vibration period is fixed,and the mean wavenumbers in space do not vary with time.However,the local wavenumbers in space and convection amplitude periodically change with time.For the different separation ratio ψ,the range of existing the UTW convection Δ rreduces with decreasing the absolute value of ψ and with increasing r.It is obvious that the ψ has influence on the pattern formation and on the transition between the patterns by comparing the result of ψ = 0.3with those of different ψ.


[N COMPARISON with its non-political counterpart, the political club movement, which flourished from the mid nineteenth century until the early twentieth century, has received little detailed attention.! The important role of clubs is central to accounts of organizational success, such as those by H. J. Hanham and Peter Marsh? However, with the' partial exception of the work of Patrick Joyce and John Garrard on Lancashire, and John Davis on London,3 the lineaments of the political club movement remain unexplored. This paper examines the character and role of Conservative clubs in the industrial West Riding of Yorkshire from the 1870s till 1914, and in Bradford, Leeds, Pontefract and Sheffield in particular. In addition to throwing light on the nature of club activities, their sources of income, their dependency on beer, and their degree of political involvement, it suggests that the political role of Conservative clubs differed not only with the nature of the social group at which they were aimed, but also with their particular organizational setting. It further examines the extent to which Conservative clubs played a socializing role as agents of popular Toryism. The context of this analysis is the development of pyramidal political associations in the major boroughs in the 1880s. In the 1870s, political organization tended to revolve around a central committee, which often did very little between elections, and a series of ad hoc bodies. These were usually based on electoral units, such as wards, or on


The relations of five kinds of gramineous grass growing indexes,such as surviving rate,biomass,growth stress index etc with their salt tolerance were studied.The result indicated that their surviving rate,fresh weight and dry weight decreased with the increasing of Na_2CO_3 concentration.The difference of their salt tolerance among these grass species is significant,the order of their salt tolerance was Hordeum brevisubulatumElymus dahuricusElymus excelsusElymus sibiricusBromus inermis.


The Construction of democracy and rule by law in China has made pleasing progress through efforts of decades,but there are also existing big problems,among which lack of subject is bigger.The pitching-in point or the juncture to solve the problems is to establish sense and subjectivity of the Subject in the development of democracy and rule by law.


Two new transition metal coordination polymers, [Zn(abz)(bipy)](ClO4) (1) and [Mn(bipy)5(H2O)6](ClO4)2 · 2(abz) · 2(H2O) (2) (bipy = 4,4′-bipyridine, abz = 3-aminobenzoate), were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 is a 2-D-layered network with a (4,4) net built up by bipy and 3-aminobenzoate ligands connecting two zinc nodes. Complex 2 is a 3-D supramolecular grid network constructed from close stacking bipy ligands of H-type cation units with large cavities hosting 3-aminobenzoate, perchlorate ions, and water. Solid state photoluminescence for 1 was also investigated.


Ganglion impar is the lowest paravertebral sympathetic chain, which is placed at the anterior aspect of sacrococcygeal disc used to be blocked in many chronic pain conditions originating from pelvic structures such as the coccyx.


ABSTRACT Service learning (SL) is gaining popularity in business schools as a way to supplement traditional pedagogies. Research indicates that SL improves particular learning outcomes, but little is known about how this happens. Using Kolb's theory of experiential learning, the authors develop and test a conceptual model that explains how SL activates the four cycles of experiential learning and affects the learning outcomes of academic knowledge, career development, personal growth, and civic responsibility.


Preface Introduction Fin de siecle Vienna Getting Started The Real World Prague Berlin The Gates of Hell Had Opened Flight Zemlinsky, Arnold Schoenberg, and Schoenberg's Circle Zemlinsky and the Eternal Feminine, Alma Schindler Poetry and Song The Songs Apprenticeship: Early Unpublished Songs A New Path: Unpublished Songs Maturity Unpublished Songs of 1916 Symphonic Songs Two Songs Appendix Bibliography Song Index: Listing by Title Subject Index


IF, clinically, removal of areas of sepsis round the teeth will cure arthritis, and if recovery is assisted by the injection of vaccines prepared from microorganisms recovered from those septic areas, then to prove completely the causation of arthritis by oral sepsis, these organisms should cause arthritis when inoculated into animals by oral routes. That is the proposition, the validity of* which I set out to examine. No one has yet successfully defined those various changes taking place in and around joints which, for lack of a better word, I have called, collectively, arthritis. The nearest approach to a successful classification appears to be that of Rose and Carless [171, which I have abstracted as follows:-


The structure of pentakis(trimethylarsine oxide)nickel(II) perchlorate has been investigated crystallographically and the co-ordination geometry shown to be approximately square pyramidal.


Background: Several sellar and parasellar pathologies affect the size and shape of sella turcica. A deviation from normal dimensions of sella turcica could be an indication of a pathological condition of the structure itself or the pituitary gland.
Aim: This study was designed to assess the dimensions and morphology of the sella turcica of Yoruba ethnic population using cranial computed tomography (CT) images.
Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study involving 321 cranial CT images of the Yoruba subjects acquired in a tertiary health institution between January 2020 and April 2021. The sella turcica length, depth and anteroposterior diameter were measured using the digital calipers of the CT system while sella morphological shape was determined qualitatively by observing the floor of sella in the midsagittal slice and quantitatively by taking the ratio of superoinferior diameter to the transverse diameter.
Result: In general, the mean and standard deviation value of sella turcica length was 12.2±`2.35mm. The mean sella length for males was 12.62`±2.50 and that for females was 11.69 ±`2.04mm. The result showed that males' sella length differed significantly from that of females (t=3.635, p=0.000). A significant difference was noted between the sella depths of the two genders (p=0.032). The total mean anteroposterior diameter (APD) of sella turcica was 13.4`± 2.47mm. Male and female mean diameters were 13.6`± 2.45mm and 13.3±`2.17mm respectively. No significant difference was noted in sella length and APD across the age categories but sella depth showed a significant difference, which was noted to only exist between early adulthood (≤34 years) and late adulthood (≥65) (p=0.027). No statistically significant association was noted between sella shape and gender (c2=3.124, p=0.210) as well as age (c2=9.336, p=0.156).
Conclusion: Only the mean sella length and depth differ significantly between male and female genders. Anteroposterior diameter is the same irrespective of gender. The sella turcica dimensions obtained from this study will serve as reference values for physicians in the assessment of sellar and parasellar pathologies in the study population.

Key words: Computed tomography, sella turcica, morphology.


The choroid plexus (CP) of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) impacts CSF homeostasis, brain diseases, and neuromedical translation. CP executes neuroendocrine, excretory, and neuroimmune actions. BCSFB diversely manages brain-spinal cord fluid environments, giving rise to a wide pathophysiology spectrum. Newly-discovered choroidal phenomena include integration of circadian clock signals, immune interaction with gut microbiotica, and expression of receptors to taste CSF composition. BCSFB tight junctions and transcellular mechanisms differ from blood-brain barrier (BBB) counterparts, variably regulating pathogen and leukocyte access to the CSF-brain nexus. This review highlights microbial agents, substrates and autoantigens using CP epithelial membranes to penetrate CSF and periventricular regions. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is analyzed as a barrier-damaging agent and neuroinflammation promoter. Transducing LPS- and toll-like receptor activity produce CP-CSF cytokines in sickness behavior and virulent sepsis-associated encephalopathy. Agents/systems that counter oxidative activity such as matrix metalloproteinase 8 inhibitors and Nrf2 activators (bile acids and isothiocyanates) show promise as neural and CP protectants. One review theme emphasizes CP's preponderant role in initiating central diseases, and their remediation. In view of BCSFB permeability alterations and epithelial transformation, we discuss systemic lupus erythematosus, N-methyl D-aspartate-associated autoencephalitis, helicobacter disruption of BCSFB, toll-like receptor 2 stimulation in CP (neuroinflammation), the CP gateway for trypanosomes, and APOE-linked cholesterol transport into CSF. Another section treats concurrent involvement of BCSFB-BBB alterations in helminthic meningitis, forebrain ischemia, acute hyperthermia, leptin resistance/obesity, diabetes mellitus, and Alzheimer-type neurodegeneration. Barrier impairment is analyzed by injury type, time course, therapeutic strategies, and translational neuromedicine principles. The restorative power of BCSFB-transported growth factors, hormones and medicinal agents is emphasized for strengthening CP-CSF homeostatic mechanisms in seizures, stroke and Parkinsonism. A worthy therapeutic aim is to attenuate CNS disorders triggered by BCSFB malfunction, using CSF-delivered therapeutic agents for promoting neural viability.


American music educators who have faced problems in obtaining instruments will no doubt sympathize with the plight of their colleagues in Chile where the price of instruments is prohibitive. Because of the great need for them at the Inter-American Institute of Education in Music and the University of Chile, the M E N C requests donations of any used instruments. The Inter-American Institute of Music Education at the University is a training ground for scholarship people from Latin American countries who return to their countries to carry on music education programs. If quality programs are to prosper, these aspiring music educators must have some experience in the teaching of musical instruments; without instruments this is impossible. Under the faculty of the University of Chile is the Conservatory which trains music teachers for the secondary schools. This part of the Chilean operation also needs instruments. Contributions may be sent to Mr. Guillermo Espinosa, The Pan American Union, Washington, D.C. or to Vanett Lawler, Executive Secretary, Music Educators National Conference, 1201 Sixteenth Street N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036 . All contributions will be most appreciated.


1 Shepherd FA, Rodrigues Pereira J, Ciuleanu T et al. Erlotinib in previously treated non-small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med 2005; 353:123–32. 2 Bunn PA Jr, Franklin W. Epidermal growth factor receptor expression, signal pathway, and inhibitors in non-small-cell lung cancer. Semin Oncol 2002; 29:38–44. 3 Busam KJ, Capodieci P, Motzer R et al. Cutaneous side-effects in cancer patients treated with the antiepidermal growth factor receptor antibody C225. Br J Dermatol 2001; 144:1169–76. 4 Perez-Soler R. Can rash associated with HER1/EGFR inhibition be used as a marker of treatment outcome? Oncology 2003; 17:23–8. 5 National Cancer Institute. Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, v3.0. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute, 2003. 6 Gutzmer R, Werfel T, Kapp A, Elsner J. Cutaneous side effects of EGF-receptor inhibition and their management. Hautarzt 2006; 57:509–13. 7 Perez-Soler R, Chachoua A, Hammond LA et al. Determinants of tumor response and survival with erlotinib in patients with nonsmall-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2004; 22:3238–47. 8 Tsao MS, Sakurada A, Cutz JC et al. Erlotinib in lung cancer – molecular and clinical predictors of outcome. N Engl J Med 2005; 353:133–44. 9 Segaert S, van Cutsem E. Clinical signs, pathophysiology and management of skin toxicity during therapy with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors. Ann Oncol 2005; 16:1425–33. 10 Segaert S, Tabernero J, Chosidow O et al. The management of skin reactions in cancer patients receiving epidermal growth factor receptor targeted therapies. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2005; 3:599–606.


SummaryIntroduction. Anthropozoonoses are diseases that affect humans and animals and they can be transmitted naturally from animals to humans. The aim of this study was to identify characteristics and types of occupational hazards that lead to occupational anthropo zoonoses, determine their incidence in economic activities of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. Material and Methods. Using a descriptive , epidemiological study we analysed the occupa tional anthropozoonoses occurring in the Vojvodina which were registered at the Institute of Occupational Health Novi Sad, Serbia, from 1992 to 2016. Results. In the observed period, a total of 481 occupational diseases were identified, out of which 62 (12.9%) cases were the occupational infectious diseases. A total of 19 cases of occupational anthropozoonoses were registered. The average annual incidence of occupational anthropozoonoses was 0.96 per 100,000 employees. The linear trend of annual incidence was neg -ative. The average age was 44.05±8.34 years. Male patients ac counted for 73.7% of cases. The average length of service among patients was 19.63±8.2 years. Conclusion. In addition to the imple-mentation of available specific immunization measures and per sonal protection measures that prevent contact with pathogens, it is important to continuously educate workers concerning the work place risks and perform preventive medical examinations in order to enable early recognition and treatment of the disease. In addition, continuous education of medical practitioners of different speci alities would help to better identify occupational anthropozoonoses.


on the basis of illustrating the present situation of natural resources and consumptive structure of conventional energy resources,the paper makes a survey of the world public transportation development,and analyses the positive role of trolley-buses remedying the utilizition state of city energy resources,and raising the utilization efficiency of energy resources in the process of developing public transportation.


Dragon's blood collected from the genus Dracaena is used as a renowned traditional medicine in various cultures worldwide. However, the genetics of the genus Dracaena and the formation mechanism of dragon's blood remain poorly understood. Here, we generate the first draft genome reference assembly of an elite Chinese Dracaena species, Dracaena cambodiana, from next-generation sequencing data with 89.46× coverage. The reads were assembled into 2,640,704 contigs with an N50 length of 1.87 kb, and a 1.05 Gb assembly was finally assembled with 2,379,659 scaffolds. Furthermore, 97.75% of the 267,243 simple sequence repeats identified from these scaffolds were mononucleotide, dinucleotide, and trinucleotide repeats. Among all 53,700 predicted genes, 158 genes involved in cell wall and plant hormone synthesis and reactive oxygen species scavenging showed altered regulation during the formation of dragon's blood. This study provides a genomic characterization of D. cambodiana and improves understanding of the molecular mechanism of dragon's blood formation. This report represents the first genome-wide characterization of a Dracaena species in the Asparagaceae.


Students' patriotism education should be strengthened in the course of teaching History of the People's Republic of China.The invasion from the foreign and the corruption of late period of GMT's government should be put to the foreground in order to make students know the roots of China's poverty and lag behind.The hard experience of modern Chinese pursuits of new China should be taught in order to make students know that the bourgeoisie could not shoulder the duty to save China and it is the historical final choice for CPC to lead new democratic revolution.The great achievements of New China should be laid out in order to make students understand the efforts of CPC to direct Chinese people for rich and strong China.The new reality and features of class struggle at home and abroad should be taught in order to make students recognize the importance of maintaining the stability and unity of a country.At last,the experience of success and learning of defeat in the process of socialism construction and revolution should be stressed in order to make students understand that only the thought line of "linking theory with practice,proceeding from reality and seeking truth from facts" is insisted on,can a nation and a people walk out of the hard time of history.


The primary goal of this study is to analyze fire hazards of electric home appliances such as electric iron and electric heater using fault tree analysis(FTA). A fault tree(FT) is constructed and used to analyze fire hazards in electric home appliances. The fault tree is built from events that may occur in electric home appliances. The failure rate of basic events are derived from the value of experimental results and reference. And an algorithm analyzing fire in electric home appliances is suggested. We show how fault tree analysis, carried out by means of failure rate, is able to diagnose fire hazards of electric home appliances in a precise manner. We present numerical results such as fire probability of electric home appliances, importance measure, fire cause, etc. It can be helpful in preventing the fire hazards in electric home appliances.


A new passive subharmonic mixer topology is presented and compared to a previously published passive topology. The comparison is conducted using simulations at 30 GHz with a 90-nm CMOS design kit. The advantage of the new passive subharmonic mixer is that it only requires a differential local oscillator (LO) signal, compared to the previously published mixer that requires a quadrature LO signal. The mixer consists of two cascaded passive mixers with an interstage second order filter suppressing harmonics while providing some 10 dB of voltage gain at the LO frequency. The noise performance of the differential mixer is slightly worse than for the quadrature one, with a simulated down conversion SSB NF of 10 dB compared to 7 dB. The voltage conversion gain is - 1 dB for both mixers, all with a 1 V LO amplitude.


A new report claims tort reform in Texas is ineffective because it does not cut healthcare spending. Experts say that's an unfair assessment to make.


Rational "economic man" hypothesis of human nature contains the value of administrative staff,"individualistic" orientation,administrative organization "special interests" positioning and administrative acts"evasion of responsibility" logic.This makes the construction of administrative ethics in our country in a difficult position.China's administrative ethics should be based on the theory to learn from government to face up to "self-serving" nature,to position the value of the scientific objectives of the executive,to establish a"self-interest" and "public benefit" a total capacity incentive mechanism,to regulate the relationship between the executive powers and responsibilities and so on.


Marine pearls are precious and
are the most attractive objects of
adoration. Pearls are most revered
biological products from time
lmmemorial. Pearls have been
extolled as a metaphor of life for
virtue, love, wisdom and justice,
spirituality and righteousness. The
occurrence and use of pearls have a
history more ancient and more
fascinating than any other precious
objects.


As the most developed country in service trade in the world,USA has the essential impetus of technology innovation to keep the strong competition in service trade.This paper points out that through increasing the science and technology RD support force and adding to the human capital factor accumulation,USA can produce more and more science and technology innovation and invention and realize the role of upgrading and optimizing industry and trade structure.So the human capital and RD investment make up of the two most important origins in the technology innovation of service trade in USA.


PURPOSE Transforming growth factor (TGF) {J 1 has been known to stimulate collagen synthesis in human corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (HCCSMC). We studied whether antisense TGF- {J 1 oligodeoxynucleotides changed TGF- {J 1 mRNA expression and its related collagen synthesis in HCCSMC. METHODS: HCCSMC were cultured primarily from three impotent patients. The expression of TGF- {J 1 mRNA was induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) in the presence or absence of antisense TGF- {J 1 oligodeoxynucleotides (5'-GCTCCAAATGTAGGGGCAGG-3'). The effect of antisense TGF- {J 1 oligodeoxynucleotides on the collagen I synthesis was also measured by northern blot analysis. RESULTS: The expression of TGF- {J 1 mRNA was induced by PMA (0.21' g/ml), which was inhibited by treatment of antisense TGF- {J 1 oligodeoxynucleotides (20 I' g/mD. Collagen I expression was also induced by PMA treatment, and antisense TGF- {J 1 oligodeoxynucleotides downregulated the PMA-induced collagen expression. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that antisense TGF- {J 1 oligodeoxynucleotides can suppress the expression of TGF- {J 1 and collagen 1 synthesis in HCCSMC Purpose: The effect of long term estrogen exposure to erectile function still has not been known. We investigated the erectile function, and histologic changes of the penis and testis as a result of long-term estrogen exposure on 20 mail to femail transsexuals who had sex reassignment operation. Materials and Methods: Age at inception of estrogen therapy was 16 years to 'XI years. High dose estradiole (2mg/day) was given 2-12 years (mean 7.4 years). Nocturnal penile erection mornitoring and duplex ultrasonography of penis were performed in order to estimate estrogen-induced changes in erectile capacity. Blood samples were taken for hormonal assay. Histologic examination were done on 20 penes and testes that were harvested from 20 transsexuals. Results: Seven of 20 showed abnormal noctural penile erection and venous leakage (EDV > 5cm/sec at 15-25 minutes). Testosterone level was decreased depend on duration of estrogen exposure. Loose connective tissue and fatty infiltration were increased on subtunical area. Long term exposure of estrogen induced lower testosterone level and increased subtunical loose connective tissue and fatty infiltration. Sperm aqalysis showed oligospermia and azoospermia. Spennatocytic arrest and germ cell aplasia were seen in histologic examination. Conclusions: It was consideraed that erectile dysfunction is due to venoocclusive dysfunction and reduced sperm quality due to changed genn cell. Purpose: Subcutaneous administration of apomorphine may induce penile erection through paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus (PVN) in the rat. Calcium was reported to be the second messenger mediating penile erection. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of a calcium channel blocker ( w-conotoxin) on the apomorphine induced penile erection in the rat. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-300 g) anesthetized with pentobarbital were used. A 26-gauge needle was inserted into the corpus cavernosum and a catheter into femoral artery to monitor the intracavernous pressure (ICP), and systemic arterial pressure (SAP) and heart rate (HR), respectively. Stereotaxically delivery of ro-conotoxin (5 ng/300 nl) into PVN and followed by subcutaneous injection of apomorphine (80 1-lg/kg) 5 minutes later. Microinjection of distilled water 300 nl into PVN was conducted as a vehicle control. The ICP, SAP and HR were monitored simultaneously on a polygraph for at least 2 hours after each administration of apomorphine. Results: Upon subcutaneous administration of apomorphine after microinjection of ro-conotoxin into PVN, there was no significant change of ICP (resting 9.4±2.3 mmHg). However, there was a significant increase of ICP from resting 12.5±2.3 mmHg to peaked at 89.8±6.0 mmHg with a latency of 1352.5 seconds and duration of 34.3 minutes upon administration of apomorphine after microinjection of distilled water into PVN. The site of administration of w-conotoxin or distilled water was histologically verified to be at PVN with frozen section of the rat brain. Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that administration of w-conotoxin into PVN may eliminate the subcutaneous apomorphine-induced penile erection in the rat. Objective: To investigate the efficiency of International index of Erectile Function-S for evaluation of erectile dysfunction. Methods: A total of 127 into 2 groups: group 1, 66 dysfunction and non-EO were enrolled in this The 5-item was administered all The .score T was used for statistical analysis. significant. (total score:25, p < 0.001) in each group. Cutoff level oftotal score for erectile dysfunction was 15. The sensitivity was 95.45% and specificity was 80.33%. Conclusions: The IIEF-5 was effective for evaluation of patient with erectile dysfunction. The present study determined the effect of purported aphrodisiac Tribulus terrestris extract (TT) on serum level of testosterone (T), dihydrotestoste rone (DHT) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) in sexually mature primates following bolus intravenous (LV.) injection. Three baboons and two monkeys were chosen for the study and each animal was subjected to three different doses, i.e. 7.5 (I), 15 (II) and 30 (ill) mglkg body weight. Each dose was tested with at least four weeks of interval between them to allow complete recovery of the animal following each experiment. The aqueous extract ofTT was administered I.V. under aseptic conditions. Animals were maintained under general anaesthesia throughout the procedure. Blood samples were collected 15 minutes prior (control) and at 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes following drug administration and analyzed for T, DHT and DHEAS by radioimmunoassay. There was an initial insignificant transient drop in blood pressure and mild tachycardia (an increase by 18-20 beats per minute) following the I.V. administration in all animals for all concentrations of the drug. The serum T level showed short-lived increase over control for all three doses ofTT at 15-30 minutes, which gradually returned to baseline level (the maximal increase was about 47%, 37% and 40% for dose I, II and ill respectively). The DHT also showed a similar pattern with a rise from control level for all three doses however only dose I showed significant increase at 15 minutes. The increase in DHEAS level the efficiency of International index of Erectile Function-15 for evaluation of impotence. the correlation of erectile and menopause,which middle-high aged patients. in patients with mellitus the Index of Erectile Function (liEF). liEF questionnaire was 29 30 and 80 years of age (mean age 60) with DM and 97 39 and 85 years (mean age 66) for The liEF with age (p<O.OOI). The liEF in with DM in the (p<O. The liEF5 in DM neuropathy nephropathy There was significant negative correlation between the liEF and the period of disease (p<O.OI). There was significant negative correlation between the liEF and Hb Ale (p<0.005). Conclusions: In this study, the liEF in patients with diabetes mellitus was lower than that in the controls. The erectile dysfunction in patients with DM was related to the condition of the disease. For the investigation of the relationship of fmdings of duplex ultrasonography and MED, penile duplex ultrasonography was performed in with penile into the characteristics as Peyronie' s disease, Posttraumatic penile curvature and congenital penile curvature. Duplex ultrasonography were performed in and hemodynamic evaluation was analyzed with findings of the plaque and fibrosis. In were no ED the characteristics of Objects. A prospective study was performed to measure the agreement between ultrasonic velocitometry (UV), using a new fixed angle device, and duplex ultrasonography (DU) in assessing penile arterial hemodynamics. To evaluate if the new device (UV) could replace the old one (DU). Cavernous arterial peak systolic, end-diastolic flow velocities and relative index were measured and calculated. Methods. Thirty consecutive patients (mean age 49 years) underwent DU (Acoustic Image 5200 System) and UV (Knoll/MIDUS system) at the same setting. All patients received 20 1-1g of PGE I intracavernousally. Each patient received 3 times measurement of DU and UV respectively. Results. The statistical relationship between the two techniques was assessed by examining the agreement rather than the correlation. Though the agreement of mean velocity determinations in each patients (n=30) between the two techniques is not good. While regarding their final diagnosis, however, the result is in accordance. (Kappa statistic) Conclusions. UV does not strongly agree with DU in measuring penile blood flow velocities in our expenence. This new fixed-angle device, however, is capable of providing in some extent agreement for the final etiologic assessment. In additional, UV can identify a vessel without real time imaging. UV is a safe, office-based procedure and the scanning is less operator-dependent and easier to learn. We used an ultrasonic image directed color Doppler system with a 3.75 MHz. Micro-convex electro probe. A probe was positioned on the perineal region in the sitting position. Ejaculation was induced by manual or vibratory stimulation combined with audio-visual-sexual-stimulation. The dynamic processes of ejaculation were recorded. Results: An ejaculatory stream in the male urethra was clearly detected. The prostatic urethra does not open until ejaculation has begun. A straight ejaculatory stream was observed from the ejaculatory duct to the bulbus urethra through the prostatic urethra in normal men. In the patient with retrograde ejaculation, an ejaculatory stream towards the bladder was observed. PURPOSE: Female sexual dysfunction may have its origin in abnormal blood flow into the clitoris during sexual stimulation. There has been limited studies to mea


The nature of explosive volcanic phenomena and associated pressures, both from field and theoretical perspectives, is discussed. An endogenic origin for shocked quartz at the K/T boundary requires impulsive pressures greater than 60 kbars to be generated during explosive volcanism. Explosive volcanic eruptions which are events of sustained decompression may be initiated by impulsive explosions while the magnitudes of the overpressures are small. These maximum overpressures can be controlled mainly by the tensile strength of the rock surrounding the magma chamber-conduit system. Thus maximum overpressures in the volcanic environment are limited to less than 500 bars which are orders of magnitude less than those required for shock quartz (greater than 60 kbars). This observation is found to be consistent with the complete lack of field or petrographic evidence in support of shock metamorphism associated with volcanic eruptions and their products.


Current U.S. public policies that deny legal immigrants equal access to public insurance programs leave lawful U.S. residents and their health care providers unnecessarily vulnerable and perpetuate needless complexity in the health care system.


Background Chorioamnionitis, usually a subclinical condition, may cause preterm delivery and long-term morbidity. Objective The objective of this study was to determine the risk of early-onset neonatal sepsis in preterm infants with maternal histologic chorioamnionitis (HCA). Methods This was a prospective cohort study of preterm infants born at Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar from September 2002 to February 2004. Histopathological examinations of the subjects' placentas were done and the infants were monitored for 72 hours for clinical signs of early-onset neonatal sepsis. Maternal and neonatal risk factors were analyzed using multivariate statistical analysis. Results Eighty-two preterm infants were included, of which 41 were positive for maternal HCA. Twenty-five (61%) of the infants positive for maternal HCA developed early-onset neonatal sepsis, compared to 5 (12%) of those negative for maternal HCA (RR=5, 95%CI 2.12;11.78). Nine infants died from early onset neonatal sepsis. Eight of them had positive HCA, and only one had negative HCA. The average length of hospital stay between infants with and without maternal HCA did not differ significantly [12.0 (SD 5.08) vs. 12.6 (SD 1.34); P=0.80]. Logistic regression model analysis identified only HCA as a significant risk factor for early-onset neonatal sepsis (OR=6.9, 95%CI 2.0;23). Gestational age (OR=1.3, 95%CI 0.8;2.0), birth weight (OR=1.0, 95%CI 0.9;1.0), and neonatal asphyxia (OR=1.0, 95%CI 0.1;4.4) were not found to be significant risk factors. Conclusion Preterm infants with maternal histologic chorioamnionitis are at a higher risk for developing early-onset neonatal sepsis [Paediatr Indones 2005;45:160-165].


Packet classification on multiple header fields is one of the basic techniques for policy enforcement applications in network devices. In this paper, we analyzed the existing packet classification algorithms from a theoretical point of view, focusing on the information exploitation in each algorithm. A novel packet classification scheme is proposed that exploits not only the structural characteristics of network packet classifiers but also the statistical characteristics of network traffic flows. The proposed algorithm D-Cuts (Dynamic Cuttings) is based on a decision tree data structure similar to but improved than the previously well-known algorithm HiCuts. However, the memory allocation function in D-Cuts is significantly improved by introducing the statistical characteristics of network traffic. A set of unified discrimination criterion based on entropy measurement is also adopted by D-Cuts. Experimental results show that D-Cuts performs superior to other popular multiple-field packet classification algorithms. Its average search time is on the same order as for the HiCuts optimized for speed while its memory usage is on the same order as for HiCuts optimized for space. A. INTRODUCTION The Internet is becoming a more and more complex place to live in because of its use for more and more mission critical tasks executed by organizations. It is desired that those critical activities not be subverted either by heavy traffic sent by other organizations or by malicious intruders. Traffic engineering, access control, and many other services require a discrimination of packets based on multiple fields of packet headers, which is called packet classification. Packet classification is employed by policy enforcing devices to implement a number of advanced Internet services, such as policy-based routing, access-control, service differentiation, load balancing, traffic shaping and traffic billing. Each service requires the Internet devices to classify packets into different flows and then perform appropriate actions depending upon which flow the packet belongs to. These flows are specified by a classifier containing a set of rules. With the rapid development of policy enforced networks, packet classification becomes more and more important and there is a need for efficient packet classification algorithms to enable high speed policy enforcement. Several popular algorithms have been proposed and some of them provide reasonable solutions. Most of the new algorithms proposed in recent years, especially the heuristic algorithms, are inspired by the observation of redundancy in the data structure of real-life classifiers. Such observation is introduced into the design of packet classification algorithms to improve the …


Abstract 5107 Background Many thalassemia major (TM) patients have concomitant hepatitis B and/or C infection and data suggest that iron overload in these patients increases the risk of liver fibrosis progression. Deferasirox (Exjade ® ), which has demonstrated efficacy and safety in reducing iron overload in a variety of transfusion dependent anemias, has been uncommonly associated with elevations of transaminases suggestive of hepatitis (0.3%). However, whether patients9 viral hepatitis status affects the overall and liver safety of deferasirox remains unclear. The prospective, multicenter EPIC study of deferasirox enrolled some patients with a history of hepatitis B or C. This sub-analysis of EPIC assesses the overall and liver safety of deferasirox over 1 year of treatment in TM patients with and without a history of hepatitis B or C. Methods Patients aged ≥2 years with transfusion-dependent TM and serum ferritin (SF) levels of ≥1000 ng/mL, or 20 transfusions or >100 mL/kg of red blood cells), or R2 MRI-confirmed liver iron concentration of >2 mg Fe/g dry weight were enrolled. Deferasirox starting dose was 10–30 mg/kg/day depending on the frequency of blood transfusions. Protocol-specified dose adjustments of 5–10 mg/kg/day (range 0–40) were performed every 3 months based on SF trends and safety markers. Safety was evaluated through continuous monitoring and recording of adverse events (AEs), as well as monthly blood chemistry assessments including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Results Of 937 enrolled patients with TM, 258 (27.5%) had a history of hepatitis B or C and 679 (72.5%) did not. Compared with patients with no viral hepatitis, patients with a history of hepatitis B or C were older (mean age 26.5 ± 9.9 vs 15.3 ± 9.5 years), more commonly splenectomized (50.4 vs 29.9%), received more transfusions (195 vs 188 mL/kg) and were chelated for longer prior to study entry (15.9 ± 10.5 vs 8.7 ± 7.4 years). In total, 212 (82.2%) and 636 (93.7%) of patients with and without viral hepatitis, respectively completed the study. The most common drug-related AEs were gastrointestinal disorders, such as diarrhea (14.7% vs 6.2%, respectively; P P =0.110) and nausea (5.0% vs 3.5%, respectively; P =0.291), as well as skin rash (10.5% vs 13.5%, respectively; P =0.205). Three patients (1.2%) with hepatitis had two consecutive increases in ALT 10 x the upper limit of normal (ULN); all three patients had elevated baseline levels (mean 95.6 U/L). Two patients (0.3%) without hepatitis had similar increases, one of whom had elevated baseline levels (225 U/L). Mean ALT and AST levels decreased during deferasirox treatment in both groups; decreases were significant in patients without hepatitis (Figure). 12 (4.7%) and 25 (3.7%) patients with and without a history of viral hepatitis, respectively had serum creatinine >33% above baseline and ULN on two consecutive visits Overall median SF decreased from baseline (3157 ng/mL) by 129 ng/mL after 1 year ( P= 0.0007) at a mean actual dose of 24.2 ± 5.6 mg/kg/day and mean transfusional iron intake of 0.43 ± 0.2 mg/kg/day. Reduction in SF was similar in patients with or without a history of viral hepatitis (–113 and –148 ng/mL, respectively). Conclusions This sub-analysis of EPIC demonstrates that once-daily deferasirox is well tolerated in patients with TM irrespective of viral hepatitis history with no significant difference in the incidence of abdominal pain, nausea and skin rash. Increases in ALT >10 x ULN were very low and occurred at a comparable frequency in patients with and without viral hepatitis. Mean liver transaminases, although higher at baseline in patients with a history of hepatitis B or C compared to those without, decreased in both groups, suggesting an overall improvement in liver function with deferasirox treatment. Reduction in SF was similar in both patient groups. Further confirmatory data are required to evaluate the effect of hepatitis viral load on the response to deferasirox therapy. Disclosures Cappellini: Novartis: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Genzyme: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees. Kattamis: Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Chan: Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding. Lin: Taiwan Pediatric Onclogy Group (TPOG): Consultancy; Novartis: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Sutcharitchan: Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding; Novo Nordisk: Honoraria. Taher: Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding. Habr: Novartis Pharmaceuticals: Employment. Domokos: Novartis Pharma AG: Employment. Roubert: Novartis Pharma AG: Employment. Porter: Novartis: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Vifor International: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees.


Google developed Cloud Firestore, a document-oriented NoSQL database. Cloud Firestore data may be accessed in two different ways: first, through the Firebase Console, and second, through the Cloud Firestore API. While Firebase Console data management is less efficient because each individual document must be managed individually, Cloud Firestore API has the disadvantages of specific syntax and limitations for complex queries. On the other hand, SQL is a popular query language that can handle complex queries. This paper discusses a library designed to execute SQL queries to Cloud Firestore. The library converts SQL queries into Cloud Firestore API statements, which are subsequently used to run the queries on the database. The library executes INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, and SELECT SQL-based CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) statements. Additionally, the library includes JOIN, subquery, and aggregate functions, three complex query types that the Cloud Firestore API does not support. We also developed an application as the library's graphical user interface. The results of the library test indicate that SQL queries produced the expected results. Compared to other methods, the usage of SQL queries is easier and more concise to manage data on Cloud Firestore. Application testing results show that all features have run well.


The food security relates to the people's health and is the top priority in the daily lives. In this paper, in order to solve the food security problem, we propose the food safety supply chain traceability management system which is based on the Internet of things. Through the relevant application of the RFID technology, we establish the effective food safety supply chain traceability management system. It not only can supervise the food from the source, but also makes the internal rights of the food supply chain clear. Once appearing the food security accident, using the system can help enterprises to supervise the production process of the food effectively, identify the cause of the problem and find out the source of the problem. The application of the system can protect the food security better and enhance the security sense of the consumers.


To understand human society, we always start from the very specific era, even the specific language. Any special historical period always possesses its special language characteristics. This paper mainly collects the words in the service trades that can best embody the special characteristics of three different periods (the Cultural Revolutionary period, the Open and Reform period, and the earlier 1990s). Through comparing the variances of these distinctive words and the reflection in the lexicon use, the ideological values and the relation between language and culture are explored in this thesis.


Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is prevalent in the Cystic Fibrosis (CF) population. CRS exacerbations in CF are thought to contribute to pulmonary exacerbations. Literature regarding the impact of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is inconclusive. This study examines rates of lung function decline and pulmonary exacerbation in CF patients who have undergone ESS.


Performance of an image retrieval system is usually very low because of the semantic gap between the low level feature and the high level concept in a query image. Semantically relevant images may exhibit very different visual characteristics, and may be scattered in several clusters. In this paper, we propose a content based image rertrieval approach which combines region based image retrieval and a new relevance feedback method using adaptive clustering together. Our main goal is finding semantically related clusters to narrow down the semantic gap. Our method consists of region based clustering processes and cluster-merging process. All segmented regions of relevant images are organized into semantically related hierarchical clusters, and clusters are merged by finding the number of the latent clusters. This method, in the cluster-merging process, applies r: using v principal components instead of classical Hotelling`s [1] to find the unknown number of clusters and resolve the singularity problem in high dimensions and demonstrate that there is little difference between the performance of and that of . Experiments have demonstrated that the proposed approach is effective in improving the performance of an image retrieval system.


Summary for only given as follows. The paper describes the application areas from a partnership between Ford Motor Co. and Wayne State University. Cross-functional teams are solving enterprise wide problems using the concepts and methods studied in our engineering management masters program. The applications encompass: product development and testing systems, manufacturing throughput and emerging market strategy.


Main memory is a critical resource when processing long-running queries over data streams with state intensive operators. In this work, we investigate state spill strategies that handle run-time memory shortage when processing such complex queries by selectively pushing operator states into disks. Unlike previous solutions which all focus on one single operator only, we instead target queries with multiple state intensive operators. We observe an interdependency among multiple operators in the query plan when spilling operator states. We illustrate that existing strategies, which do not take account of this interdependency, become largely ineffective in this query context. Clearly, a consolidated plan level spill strategy must be devised to address this problem. Several data spill strategies are proposed in this paper to maximize the run-time query throughput in memory constrained environments. The bottom-up state spill strategy is an operator-level strategy that treats all data in one operator state equally. More sophisticated partition-level data spill strategies are then proposed to take different characteristics of the input data into account, including the local output, the global output and the global output with penalty strategies. All proposed state spill strategies have been implemented in the D-CAPE continuous query system. The experimental results confirm the effectiveness of our proposed strategies. In particular, the global output strategy and the global output with penalty strategy have shown favorable results as compared to the other two more localized strategies.


The Vieiropolis Pegmatite Field is characterized by amazonite- and/or beryl-bearing pegmatites. This field is composed of NYF-type pegmatites (Nb-Y-F) inserted in the Rio Grande do Norte Domain, outside the Serido Pegmatite Province context. The main pegmatite body in this field, the Serra Branca Amazonite Pegmatite, stands out by the amazonite megacrysts mineralization and its exploitation as an ornamental rock with elevated economic value. In order to characterize the mineral chemistry and paragenesis of the accessory phases of the Serra Branca Amazonite Pegmatite, in addition to enlightening the classification and petrogenetic nature of this pegmatite, petrographic, X-ray diffraction, chemical and field data were used. The Serra Branca Amazonite Pegmatite occurs as a tabular dyke with approximately 3 m width, NW-SE strike and 45° WSW plunge, characterized by an amazonite and quartz megacrysts zone and a saccharoidal albite and quartz zone. This pegmatite presents a wide spectrum of accessory minerals composed by anglesite, bismutite, cerussite, columbite-(Mn), spessartine, helvite, phenakite, fluorite, hematite, illite, ilmenite, magnetite, montmorillonite, muscovite, pyromorphite, pyrochlorine, rutile, and zircon. The presence  of atypical sulfide mineralization and beryllium silicates are also highlighted as pioneering occurrences reported in the geological context of the Borborema Province. The mineral paragenesis and chemistry of the accessory minerals from the Serra Branca Amazonite Pegmatite classifies this pegmatite as member of the NYF-family of the rare-element class, gadolinite type probably associated to an I-type magmatism.


$CP$ violation may play an important role in Baryogenesis in early universe, and should be examined at colliders comprehensively. We study $CP$ properties of $HVV$ vertexes between Higgs and gauge boson pairs with defining a $CP$ violation phase angle $\xi$, which indicates the mixture of $CP$-even and $CP$-odd Higgs states in $HVV$ in new physics. A series of $HVV$ amplitudes $H\to\gamma\gamma, H\to\gamma V\to \gamma \ell\ell$, and $H\to VV\to 4\ell$ with $CP$ phase angle are studied systematically, which explains explicitly why $CP$ violation could only be probed in $4\ell$ process independently. We get a novel amplitude decomposition relation which illustrates if two preconditions (multilinear momentum dependent vertexes and current $J_\mu$ of $V\to \ell^+ \ell^-$ is vector-like) are satisfied, an high-point amplitude can be decomposed into a summation of a series of low-point amplitudes. As a practical example, the amplitude of $H\to\gamma V\to \gamma \ell\ell$, and $H\to VV\to 4\ell$ processes can be decomposed into summation of many $H\to\gamma\gamma$ amplitudes. Meanwhile, we calculate these amplitudes in the framework of on-shell scattering amplitude method, with considering both massless and massive vector gauge bosons with $CP$ violation phase angle. The above two approaches provides consistent results and exhibit clearly the $CP$ violation $\xi$ dependence in the amplitudes. Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. Article funded by SCOAP3 and published under licence by Chinese Physical Society and the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Science and the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and IOP Publishing Ltd.


Li Yu was not only the last emperor of the Southern Tang of Five Dynasties period,but an outstanding and talented poet.His natural and smooth way of expression of mixed feelings in his poems paved the way for the development of the Chinese poetry.In time of Buddhism flourish,family tradition of Buddhism religion,and the need to prevent from evil,Li Yu was exposed to Buddhism from childhood.The Buddhist concept of grief and nothingness had a profound impact on LiYu.In the past,researchers studied mostly from the aspect of ideological content the relationship between Buddhism and LiYu's poem,in fact,his artistic features reflect the influence as well.This article attempts to discuss the influence of Aesthetics of Zen Buddhism on LiYu's poem in terms of intuitive,speculation,and metaphor,which will provide a deeper understanding of the relationship between LiYu's poem and Buddhism.


This paper details the participation of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent System lab of BUPT in CCR and SSF task of TREC 2013 Knowledge Base Acceleration track. In the CCR task, The PRIS system focuses attention on query expansion and similarity calculation. The system uses DBpedia as external source data to do query expansion and generates directional documents to calculate similarities with candidate worth citing documents. In the SSF task, The PRIS system utilizes a pattern learning method to do relation extraction and slot filling. Patterns of regular slots which are same to TAC-KBP slots are learned from KBP Slot Filling corpus. Other slots are filled by following some generalized patterns learned from external source data including homepages of some famous people and facilities. Experiments show that the CCR system gives a good performance above the median value. The pattern learning method for SSF task gives an outstanding performance.