It is a great honor that Ronald Santoni has offered such a carefully argued, and well supported response to my essay, the latter two qual ities (careful and well supported) are not ones that can always be ascribed to my original essay. It should be said, then, at the outset, many of our disagreements likely result from the fact that I some times fail to state matters in a sufficiently clear and or succinct man ner. The crux of our apparent disagreement rides on whether the Other is a necessary condition for all instances of bad faith. Appar ent, for I never intended to make this universal claim. Below I show that my thesis is more modest. However, while my intention was to show only that "many varieties" of bad faith (but not all) require social elements, below I raise considerations as to why we might rea sonably suppose that all instances of bad faith, at least all those that we can actually experience, including what Santoni calls "ontological bad faith", are made possible by and explicable only with reference to social features of human reality. Santoni's argument that my thesis is "too extreme" rides on his reading of my thesis, which he understandably distills down to the claim that "the Other, or the social, is a necessary component of all bad faith consciousness and instances of bad faith". Against this, Santoni makes a good case that Sartre "strongly suggests" at least some instances of bad faith do not require social elements. While my language may sometimes suggest the universal thesis, my intentions were to defend a weaker claim, namely "the chapter 'Bad Faith' can not be adequately understood without a close examination of the second half of Being and Nothingness''' a thesis Santoni accepts on the condition that we substitute "complete" for "adequate". My basic argument is that "many varieties" of bad faith require a reflec tive act of pseudo self-objectification.1 Thus, my original discussion pertains only to self-objectifying instances of bad faith. (Incidentally, the qualification "many varieties" arises in light of the broadness of


residential area at the foot of the hill. On inquiry the rumour was found to be the truth, and a son and two brothers, who had been eye-witnesses of the accident, were questioned ; they gave the following information : • The family had lived in the hut (Plate I) for 12 years and had suffered no previous snake bite accidents, although the area round about was recognised to be the haunt of numerous snakes. It was a common experience for them to hear the rustling noise made by the um shedigat in the neighbourhood of their hut once dark fell, but latterly such noises had been commoner.


ABSTRACT Numerical analysis is made of forced-convection heat transfer in laminar two-dimensional steady crossflow in banks of plain tubes in square and nonsquare in-line arrangements. A finite-volume method with a nonorthogonal, boundary-fitted grid and co-located variable storage is used to solve the Navier–Stokes equations and energy conservation equation for a tube bundle with five longitudinal rows, including inlet and outlet sections. Local and overall heat transfer and fluid flow results are presented at combinations of transverse and longitudinal pitch-to-diameter ratios of 1.25, 1.5, and 2.0 at Reynolds numbers of 100 and 300 for a Prandtl number of 0.71. A comparison of the present study results with well-established experiments and empirical correlations showed good overall agreement. New equations are proposed for a correction factor for the effects of nonsquare arrangements on average friction factor.


Most books for Internet beginners assume that you're a complete "outsider"—that is, that you don't care about some of the more technical details and that excluding them is the best approach. This has resulted in some quite understandable books, often full of images. Other books, such as those addressed to Web developers, are quite technical and therefore unhelpful for someone who has no experience at all. I can safely say that Internet Effectively: A Beginner's Guide to the World Wide Web by Tyrone Adams and Sharon Scollard can take you from absolute zero to a fairly advanced level of Internet literacy.


The manner in which we choose to communicate shapes us more than the content found within the medium." Posting about developing healthy intimate relationships from In All Things an online hub committed to the claim that the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ has implications for the entire world. http://inallthings.org/we-dont-have-a-tv/


The use and need of health and nutrition information on the PC communication and internet among university students at Chungbuk area were investigated. The data from 167 students from two different universities were collected and analyzed from March to May, 1998. The results are as follows. 1. Male students were 27.5% and female students were 72.5%. 2. Sixty percent and 74.7% of the students had ever used PC communication and internet, respectively. Higher proportions of male students had experiences in PC communication and internet use than fe male students. The main reasons to use PC communication and internet were 1)to obtain information and knowledge(67.4%) 2)to enjoy(10.5%), 3)to make friends or to talk(5.3%) 3. About 40% of the experienced students of the PC communication of internet obtained health or nutrition information. However, only 25% of the experienced students obtained the nutrition information from the internet. Only 10% of the students agreed that the information from the PC communication and internet was very useful. The reasons not to use the information from the PC communication and internet were 'lack of expertise of the information' and 'long response time'. Many students thought that the information provided through the computer should be improved in terms of variety and applicability to the real situation. 4. Among the 33 topics of the health and nutrition information given on the questionnaire, both male and female students had the greatest interest in stress management. The next topics in which female students had interests were diet for weight control, health problems related to menstration, dietary assessment, and cancer prevention. In male students, dietary assessment, infant nutrition management, hypertention diet were the main interests. On the basis of these results an information system on health and nutrition management during the lifecycle for Korean women will be constructed on the internet.


Allergen sensitization and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) are the most important characteristics of bronchial asthma and their correlation has been speculated.


We analyze the combined effect of a Laplacian field and quenched disorder for the generation of fractal structures with a study, both numerical and theoretical, of the quenched dielectric breakdown model (QDBM). The growth dynamics is shown to evolve from the avalanches of invasion percolation (IP) to the smooth growth of Laplacian fractals, i. e. diffusion limited aggregation (DLA) and the dielectric breakdown model (DBM). The fractal dimension is strongly reduced with respect to both DBM and IP, due to the combined effect of memory and field screening. This implies a specific relation between the fractal dimension of the breakdown structures (dielectric or mechanical) and the microscopic properties of disordered materials.


Knobler (1971) notes that within society at least three
communities are affected by intellectual property rights and
these include; the stakeholders who produce and distribute
the new knowledge such as Microsoft or Disney, individual
generators of new knowledge such as designers and
inventors, and the public that seeks access to the created
knowledge. This paper considers the inter-relationships
between design knowledge and the concept of property. It
also addresses the challenges and the implications of this
inter-relationships. The paper is divided into six parts.
1. The Introduction
2. Defining the Concept of Property
3. Design and Technology Education in Botswana
4. The Inter-relation between Design Knowledge and
The Concept of Property
5. Challenges and Implications for Design and
Technology Education
6. Conclusion
The paper is informed by documentary findings and case
study to illustrate the debate.


This article traces the changing terrain of the food stamp program in the pivotal decade of the 1970s. In 1969, President Richard Nixon promised to put an end to hunger in America, "for all time." However, in the fifteen years following this announcement, policymakers erected boundaries around the scope of public food welfare programs. In this article, the author highlights key continuities between earlier, modest attempts at program reform under Presidents Nixon, Ford, and Carter and the later Reagan-era assault on welfare spending of the early 1980s.


Every imaginable threat from civil suits to cold-blooded murder when they got an opportunity to commit it, was made by the writhing, cursing, struggling tramps who where operated upon, and a lot of them had to be held down in their cots, one big policeman sitting on their legs, and another on their heads, while -the third held the arms,_bmed for the doctors. Account of the 1901-1903 smallpox epidemic in Boston!


Robotic hands are very essential to upper-limb amputees for their hand function restoration. However, most of the commercially available robotic hands do not have a sensation of touching or slipping, and thus it is not easy to properly grasp objects only with a visual feedback. Different sensing technologies have been proposed for tactile and slip signal detection in robotic hands, but practical applications are still limited because of either complicated realization or high cost. Piezoelectrets are a kind of novel transducer material, which would be a promising candidate for sensation signal acquisition in robotic hands partly due to their excellent piezoelectric response and polymer-based properties. In this work, a piezoelectret-based sensor unit was designed to detect the touching and slipping of a robotic hand, and the relevant sensing performance was quantitatively evaluated by experiments. The experimental results demonstrated that the piezoelectret-based sensor is a suitable approach for both touching and slipping detection in robotic hands, and a preliminary involuntary control of robotic hands may be realized with an appropriately designed control strategy.


The objective of this article is to introduce researchers to the software engineering challenges of an industry that is important to many of the economies of East Asia -- shipbuilding. Research in software technologies critical to this industry has lagged that of software research in other domains.


We develop a dynamic model of intrahousehold allocation to examine how parental time and resource investment trade-offs combine intertemporally to affect child human-capital development. The model allows parents' endogenous child investments, labor supply, and leisure choices to be determined simultaneously along an optimal time path. Joint production is incorporated, defined as the degree to which parental time devoted to childcare simultaneously serves as leisure. With improvements in assorted parameters describing household and neighborhood environments, child investments and development increase with the degree of jointness in parental time devoted to childcare.


In this paper, we consider the problem of robust exponential control for a class of uncertain stochastic systems with time delays. New delay-dependent sufficient conditions on the existence of linear memoryless state feedback controllers are formulated in terms of linear matrix inequality (LMI), which guarantee the robustly stochastically exponentially stable in mean square of the resulting closed-loop systems for all admissible parametric uncertainties. A numerical example is included to show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.


This article explains why an approach based on networks or genealogies helps to better understand processes of adaptation and speciation.


AIM: To evaluate the potential of laparoscopy in the diagnosis of cirrhosis and outcome of interferon treatment in HCV-infected patients.METHODS: In this retrospective study, diagnostic laparoscopy with laparoscopic liver biopsy was performed in 72 consecutive patients with chronic HCV infection. The presence or absence of cirrhosis was analyzed macroscopically by laparoscopy and microscopically by liver biopsy specimens. Clinical and laboratory data and outcome of interferon-alfa treatment were compared between cirrhotic and noncirrhotic patients.RESULTS: Laparoscopically, cirrhosis was seen in 29.2%(21/72) and non-cirrhosis in 70.8% (51/72) of patients.Cirrhotic patients were significantly older with a significant longer duration of HCV infection than noncirrhotic patients.Laboratory parameters (AST, y-GT, y-globulin fraction) were measured significantly higher as well as significantly lower (prothrombin index, platelet count) in cirrhotic patients than in non-cirrhotic patients. Histologically, cirrhosis was confirmed in 11.1% (8/72) and non cirrhosis in 88.9% (64/72). Patients with macroscopically confirmed cirrhosis (n=21) showed histologically cirrhosis in 38.1% (8/21) and histologically noncirrhosis in 61.9% (13/21). In contrast, patients with macroscopically non-cirrhosis (n=51) showed histologically non cirrhosis in all cases (51/51). Thirty-nine of 72 patients were treated with interferon-alfa, resulting in 35.9% (14/39)patients with sustained response and 64.1% (25/39) with non response. Non-responders showed significantly more macroscopically cirrhosis than sustained responders. In contrast, there were no significant histological differences between non-responders and sustained responders.CONCLUSION: Diagnostic laparoscopy is more accurate than liver biopsy in recognizing cirrhosis in patients with chronic HCV infection. Liver biopsy is the best way to assess inflammatory grade and fibrotic stage. The invasive marker for staging, prognosis and management, and treatrnent outcome of chronic HCV-infected


3533 Background: We hypothesized that NGS could identify genomic alterations that guide selection of targeted therapies and discover novel drug targets for primary and metastatic CRC. Methods: DNA was extracted and sequenced from 4 X 10 μ FFPE sections from 40 (32 primary and 8 metastatic) CRCs obtained from 2004-10 (52% male; 48% female; mean age 60 years; 10% Stages I/II; 40% Stage III; 40% Stage IV; 10% Stage unknown) using a targeted NGS assay in a CLIA laboratory (Foundation Medicine). 2574 exons of 145 cancer-related genes plus 37 introns from 14 genes often rearranged in cancer were fully sequenced for point mutations, insertions/deletions, copy number alterations (CNAs) and select gene fusions. Results: NGS revealed 125 genomic alterations in 39/40 tumors (mean 3.1, range1-7) in 21 genes, including 80 base substitutions (64%), 39 insertions/deletions (31%), 4 CNAs (3%) and 2 gene fusions (1.6%). TP53 and APC were altered in 80% (32/40) and 67.5% (27/40) of CRCs respectively, with both mutated more...


Aim To investigate the relationship between the concentration of serum total bilirubin and artery intima-medial thickness(IMT) in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients. Methods 357 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients(age 35~70,duration≤1year)were recruited,178 patients with higher IMT and 179 patients with normal IMT,and then clinical feature and serum total bilirubin were compared in the two groups.Based on the concentration of serum total bilirrubin these patients were divided into four groups: lowest bilirubin group,lower bilirubin group,higher bilirubin group,highest bilirubin group,and patients' common carotid artery(CCA)-IMT,common iliac artery(CIA)-IMT,femoral artery(FA)-IMT and the incidence rate of plaque were compared in four groups.Serum total billirubin and other factors related to diabetic subclinical atherosclerosis were analyzed by multiple stepwise Logistic regressive analysis. Results The concentration of serum total bilirubin of the IMT thickening group was significantly lower than that of the IMT normal group(P0.05).Among the four groups which were divided based on the concentration of serum total bilirubin,the lowest bilirubin group's CCA-IMT,CIA-IMT,FA-IMT,the incidence rate of plaque and higher IMT was the highest in the four groups,and was significantly higher than highest bilirubin group's(P0.01).To define the independent association between serum total bilirubin and diabetic artery IMT,the multiple stepwise Logistic regressive analysis was used.Serum total bilirubin,but not other parameters,was related independently and significantly with higher IMT,so did age and systolic hypertension. Conclusion The study suggested that serum total bilirubin was probably an independent risk factor for higher IMT in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.


This article proposes a numerical study of the genetic algorithm (GA) method in identifying the order and estimating the parameters of SARIMA model (GA-SARIMA). The primary goal of this study is to improve the traditional SARIMA model procedure for modeling Singapore tourist arrivals to Malaysia. Exponential smoothing and traditional SARIMA models were used as the benchmark model for model comparison. The findings of this study indicated that a combination of methods is more precise than a single process and GA can become an alternative in finding parameters and model orders of the SARIMA model. 8482 Mohd Zulariffin Md Maarof et al.


From technology philosophy, we know that technology is a complexity system which has close relationship with society. Under the influence of society, the active of technology take on the nature of practice, human and system, through the nonlinear action of hardware, software and cooperate-ware. In technology innovation management activities, we should take human as principal factor, and pay more attention to the nature of management objects. At the same time, the success of innovation is on the basis of organizational management, cultural construction and the combination between technological strategies and market strategies.


While the prospects of effective dispute settlement in the South China Sea are not very promising, there is much positive work that can be done collectively to advance various issues. Examples of regional cooperation from elsewhere in the world provide valuable lessons, particularly from those regions with similar attributes to the South China Sea. This article aims to understand how regional cooperation is implemented in the Mediterranean and Caribbean seas, particularly on ocean-related issues, and finds that both regions have established regional mechanisms to cooperate on most issues, but mechanisms differ substantially in format, origin, legal framework, and institutional arrangement. Lessons that could be applied to the South China Sea include that a legally binding regime is likely superior to address issues related to marine environmental protection; a regional fisheries management organization is recommended in managing marine living resources; some subjects are suitable for involving a subset of bordering States; extra-regional actors are recommended to obtain Observer status only; and cooperation should be initiated from less-political sensitive areas first. As always, the importance of political will from all parties in the region is paramount for the success of any of these mechanisms.


Quasicrystals (QC) in condensed matter are often accompanied by competing periodic structures with large unit cells that approximate the QC. Likewise for the dodecagonal Ba-Ti-O oxide quasicrystal that forms on Pt(111), approximants with square and oblique lattices have been reported. Here we report on the identification of a hexagonal approximant for this QC. Atomically-resolved scanning tunneling microscopy shows the characteristic vertex atoms, which form triangle, square, and rhombus tiling elements, which organize into more complex motifs that are building blocks of the aperiodic QC. Low-energy electron diffraction confirms the large-cell hexagonal structure and is well reproduced by a minimal single-scattering calculation. To accommodate the misfit, the hexagonal layer is twisted $4{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$ against the hexagonal Pt(111) substrate, which also lowers the overall symmetry of the system.


Introduction: Despite millions of dollars in investment over the past decade in the creation and maintenance of the Gene Ontology (GO), little is known about how (or even if) its intended end users – biomedical researchers – actually employ the ontology and its related databases and interfaces in their work. This project is a preliminary investigation of what evidence exists in the literature of specific uses of GO by researchers, and of use cases proposed for researchers by system designers. This work will help inform future in-depth studies of the specific information needs and research questions that researchers might use GO and other similar knowledge structures to address. It also provides to library and information science researchers and practitioners some insight into the quantity, sources, and breadth of publications about GO that exist.


This paper reports on the THz frequency characterization of highly diluted mixtures of Bacillus Subtilis (BG) cells and spores pressed into pellets with high densities of polyethylene (PE) micro-powders. This technique of forming matrices of sparsely distributed biological (bio) materials by mixing them into larger concentrations of PE is one that has been previously applied to study spectral signature phenomenology. In particular, previously results have suggested that isolating the microscopic bio-particles leads to an enhancement of the THz signatures - i.e., yielding sharper and stronger absorption resonances. However, it is important to minimize the influence of etalon effects because they can introduce sharp artificial fringes in the transmission spectra that obscure the underlying THz signatures. This paper will present results from optimally prepared PE matrices containing reduced concentrations of BG cells and spores. Here, the BG-PE matrices are of thickness of approximately 30 micrometers and contain BG concentrations from 0.1 to 0.3 %. As will be shown, these thinner layers allow for the more accurate characterization of smaller amounts of bio samples and reveal new information on the THz signatures of BG cells and spores. In particular these results show very close correlations between the spectra of BG cells and spores and suggest both contain common genetic components. These studies provide new information that will be useful in the future development of THz-based sensors.


Background/Aim: The role of glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPX2) expression in urothelial carcinoma (UC) is rarely reported. The aim of this study was to assess the expression status of GPX2 in UC of the bladder. Materials and Methods: We collected samples from 112 patients treated with radical cystectomy for immunohistochemical study. Results: Following immunohistochemical analysis of the specimens, 86 (76.8%) had weak GPX2 expression. In cases with consistent GPX2 expression within the same lesion, the levels of GPX2 showed significant decreases from pTa to pT1 (47.1%) compared to those from pT1 to pT2 (5.9%) (p=0.017). Specimens obtained with transurethral resection before cancer progressed to muscle invasive bladder cancer showed that pT1 had a lower expression for GPX2 than that of pTa (63.3% vs. 93.3%; p=0.009). Conclusion: The decrease in GPX2 expression among those with UC of the bladder may be involved in the early step of cancer invasion.


This project determined the effect of Peste des petit ruminants (PPR) vaccine on the haematological indices of two breeds of goats (Sahel and West African Dwarf) and evaluated the effects of breed and sex on the haematological parameters. Haematological indices of the initial sample (comprising ten Sahel and ten WAD breeds) were evaluated prior to vaccination. Thirteen of the twenty goats were vaccinated against PPR, while seven (four WAD and three Sahel) were not vaccinated thus serving as control. Fourteen days after the vaccination, the haematological parameters of the vaccinated and unvaccinated goats were again evaluated. The data were analyzed using unequal replication module in GENSTAT. The findings revealed variation in some of the parameters studied. PPR Vaccine had no significant (P<0.05) influence on neutrophil and lymphocyte. However, in the vaccinated goats, there was an increase in the lymphocyte numerical values. The increased values indicate different levels of immune status of goats. Sex had significant influence (P<0.05) on Haemoglobin (HB), Red Blood Cell (RBC) and Packed Cell Volume (PCV). While their values were lower in the male compared to the female in Sahel breed, the contrast was the case for WAD goats. The study revealed that PPR vaccination led to increased lymphocyte count, which will raise the immune status and enhance greater resistance of the goats to PPR challenges.


11040 Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is another paradigm-shifting advancement for hematologic malignancies, creating unprecedented treatment options. However, there is still a lack of knowledge and understanding among patients regarding this novel therapy. Most patients turn to online resources, ranging from social media to federal websites, to gather health information to supplement decision-making. Given that the average American adult reads between the sixth- and eighth-grade levels, national organizations recommend that patient resources be written at the sixth-grade level or below. The purpose of this study was to evaluate web-based patient educational material on CAR -T cell therapy resources using measures of readability and compare it to national guidelines. Methods: Online patient information on CAR-T cell therapy from the top 20 U.S Cancer center as per US news ranking was collected. We analyzed the content by six of the most common readability tests- Flesch Reading Ease score (FRE), Gunning Fog (GF), Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), Coleman-Liau Index (CLI), Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG) Index, and the Automated Readability Index (ARI). The text from each article was carefully reviewed and analyzed using the software Readable, and the readability scores with standard deviation (SD) were obtained. Results: The mean score FRE score was 48.5 (SD: 6.7), which corresponds to college level and is difficult to read. The mean GF score was 8.7(SD: 1.5), which represents the writing of an 8th grader. The FKGL score was 8.6 (SD: 1.1), which represents a level of 8th grade or above. The mean CLI score was 11.5(SD: 1.3), which is the text level for high school juniors. The mean SMOG index was 10.9 (SD: 1), which is the level of a 12th grader. The ARI score was 7.8 (SD: 1.3), indicating a 7th-grade level. Conclusions: Overall, web-based CAR- T cell therapy patient educational materials scored poorly and does not meet the national recommendations. Authors of patient resources should incorporate readability criteria and prompt a revision or creation of new educational materials including videos and audio to support general patient understanding. By making CAR-T therapy information easily understandable, internet users can be better informed about their treatment decisions.


Within the field of performance measurement and management (PMM) it is well-established that more research is needed into understanding how change is managed in performance measures (PM) (Eccles, 1 ...


Oil tea (Camellia oleifera) is one of the world's major woody edible oil plants and is vital in providing food and raw materials and ensuring water conservation. The yield of oil tea can directly reflect the growth condition of oil tea forests, and rapid and accurate yield measurement is directly beneficial to efficient oil tea forest management. Light detection and ranging (LiDAR), which can penetrate the canopy to acquire the geometric attributes of targets, has become an effective and popular method of yield identification for agricultural products. However, the common geometric attribute information obtained by LiDAR systems is always limited in terms of the accuracy of yield identification. In this study, to improve yield identification efficiency and accuracy, the red-green-blue (RGB) and luminance-bandwidth-chrominance (i.e., YUV color spaces) were used to identify the point clouds of oil tea fruits. An optimized mean shift clustering algorithm was constructed for oil tea fruit point cloud extraction and product identification. The point cloud data of oil tea trees were obtained using terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), and field measurements were conducted in Changsha County, central China. In addition, the common mean shift, density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN), and maximum–minimum distance clustering were established for comparison and validation. The results showed that the optimized mean shift clustering algorithm achieved the best identification in both the RGB and YUV color spaces, with detection ratios that were 9.02%, 54.53%, and 3.91% and 7.05%, 62.35%, and 10.78% higher than those of the common mean shift clustering, DBSCAN clustering, and maximum-minimum distance clustering algorithms, respectively. In addition, the improved mean shift clustering algorithm achieved a higher recognition rate in the YUV color space, with an average detection rate of 81.73%, which was 2.4% higher than the average detection rate in the RGB color space. Therefore, this method can perform efficient yield identification of oil tea and provide a new reference for agricultural product management.


Abstract: The cosmopolitan ideal of liberal universalism seems to be at odds with liberalism's insistence on national borders for liberal democratic communities, creating disparate standards of distributive justice for insiders and outsiders. The liberal's dilemma on the question of cosmopolitan justice would seem to be an extension of this broader conundrum of conflicting loyalties of statism and globalism. The challenge for liberalism, then, seems to be to show how the practices of exclusive membership embody the principle of moral equality. While discerning a variety of liberal reasons to give some scope to the claim that statism and globalism need not be an irreconcilable dilemma within liberalism, the essay argues that these reasons fail to provide a satisfactory resolution. Instead, the essay points out, global democracy can be the direction for both a statist and a cosmopolitan liberal, and the two camps a case not of conflicting loyalties but of multiple loyalties.


The configurational free energy change ΔA/kT associated with the introduction of a vacancy defect into a two‐dimensional triangular lattice with nearest neighbor interactions is calculated by lattice dynamics in the classical high temperature limit and found to be −1.680±0.002.


One presents and discuss the results of a study on the behavior of post-buckling in elastic and elastic-plastic, steel cold formed Z-section affected by phenomena of interaction between local plate/distortional buckling modes. All geometric and physically nonlinear analysis are carried out by finite element method using the program ABAQ US and adopting shell elements to discretize the columns. The analyzed columns (i) exhibit extreme articulated sections (locally and globally) and are warp free, (ii) have cross sections with dimensions that provi de similar local-plate/distortional stress values (iii) contains geometric imperfections with various configurations (linear combinations of local-plate/distortional modes) and a common amplitude. The numerical results consist of (i) elastic and elastic-plastic post-buckling trajectories, (ii) curves that describe how the deformed configuration of the column evolves along the elastic trajectories and (iii) figures showing the plastic deformation evolution and the elastic -plastic columns collapse mode characteristics.


Brand Management is a course designed for students interested in management science and especially in the world of brands. It does not require any specific knowledge since it starts from basic level and it keeps a very practical point of view, focusing in the main theoretical concepts and framework, but having a "real life" approach. This course will focus on the basic building blocks of growing and managing a brand, as well as advanced and special topics of brand management that will provide a well-rounded look at issues in integrating the brand into overall marketing and company activities.
Moreover, advanced and special topics of brand management such as measuring brand performance and brand value will be covered. Throughout the course special attention will be given on how to integrate the brand into overall marketing and company activities. The overall objective of this course is to provide a comprehensive overview of the theoretical foundations and best managerial practices of strategic brand management.


Exact formula is derived that describes the fraction of iron atoms with no carbon atoms as nearest neighbors in terms of the correlation functions for carbon distribution in the austenite lattice. The theoretical estimate of this quantity for an FeC 0,0875 alloy at 973 K agrees well with the published experimental value evaluated from Mossbauer studies of the alloy.


The theory of hegemonic stability based on the American mission supplies theoretical basis for the exportation of American values.This essay analyses the shaping, development and cultural origin of the theory of hegemonic stability, elaborates the display of American new hegemonism, In the end, this essay points out the instability of the system of hegemony and the illusion of the American mission, demonstrates the unreason of American new hegemonism from theoretical drawbacks and the development of the situation.


We demonstrate the controlled generation and annihilation of (anti)skyrmions with tunable chirality in magnetic heterostructures by means of micromagnetic simulations. By making use of magnetic (anti)vortices in patterned ferromagnetic layer, we stabilize full lattices of (anti)skyrmions in an underlying skyrmionic thin film in a reproducible manner. The stability of the (anti)skyrmion depends on the polarization of the (anti)vortex, whereas their chirality is given by those of the (anti)vortices. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the core coupling between the (anti)vortices and (anti)skyrmions allows to annihilate the spin-objects in a controlled fashion by applying short pulses of in-plane external magnetic fields, representing a new key paradigm in skyrmionic devices.


Selecting and preparing solid superacid SO2-4/TiO2 as catalyst, the sucrose methyl fumarate(SMF), a new type of preservatives and mold preventives, was synthesized. The process of synthesizing SMF includes three reactions: mono-Sucrose maleate(MSM) first obtained by esterification of maleic anhydride and sucrose; the formation of SMF by isomerization of MSM and then reaction with methanol. An optimizing "one pot" technology by single factors method was obtained. Some antimicrobial characters of sucrose methyl fumarate(SMF) of 5.5 degree of esterification(DE), such as minimum inhibition concentration(MIC), growth curves, adaptive phase, and so on, were studied and compared with sorbic acid and di-methyl fumarate(DMF). The result showed that SMF had broad-spectrum inhibition activity to bacteria, yeast and mold. The adaptive phase of Escherichia coli and Bacillus thuringensis was expanded 10 and 12 times of blank when 0.12% SMF was added. The adaptive phase of Bacillus thuringensis was extended 6 times of blank, Aspergillus niger began grow after 96h, and the blank started grow after 20h, when 0.10%, 0.06% SMF was added, respectively. The anti-microbial activity of SMF was higher than sorbic acid and close to DMF.


Provided is a method for allocating downlink control channel resources, comprising: acquiring the number (P) of resource block pairs to be configured for an enhanced physical downlink control channel; and determining resource positions of the P resource block pairs according to cell identity codes and performing mapping, where P is an integer greater than or equal to 1. Also disclosed is a device for allocating downlink control channel resources. The present invention can realize determining the positions of the enhanced physical downlink control channel resources according to cell identity codes to complete the allocation of the enhanced physical downlink control channel resources when there is no physical downlink control channel resource in the system.


Despite Togo government's efforts to maintain and expand its storm drainage networks, urban flood disasters remain recurrent. Beyond Shallow zones occupation for construction and climatic causes, it is essential to circumscribe the determinants linked to infrastructure. Based on the inventory and characterization of rainwater drainage infrastructure, this study is a contribution to the reduction of flood risk in the city of Lome in Togo. Surveys were conducted on rainwater drainage works of the 172 paved roads in Lome. A sample of each network group is selected by considering the areas of recurring hazards and broadest catchment areas in the city for the evaluation of their structural and functional states according to the readapted VIZIR method. The relationship between these two states was computed using multiple correspondence analysis (MCA). This study reveals notable insufficiencies in rainwater drainage management in the city, expressed by the existence of roads built without drains, gutters without outlets, and open gutters and makeshift trenches built by the population. Functionally and structurally, almost all the structures are constructed of reinforced concrete. The most cracked are the mainly open pit (92.02%) works of the lagoon complex. The retention basin network includes 36 retention ponds 18 of which are interconnected, 11 drained by gravity and 4 by pumping. The latter are inherently hazardous insofar as pumping energy is not guaranteed. The MCA has shown that the network of piping related to the retention ponds are in similar conditions, and that generally, the closed gutters are not cracked while the open gutters are cracked.


Objective: Simple tests like direct smear of the acid fast bacilli (AFB) and Mycobacterium culture could assist the diagnosis of tuberculosis. This study is aimed at reviewing the outcome of smears, culture results and contamination rate among specimens requested for AFB smear and Mycobacterium culture. Methods: Retrospective laboratory data analysis requesting for Mycobacterium culture from January 2005 till December 2006 was done in a tertiary teaching hospital of Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia. Results: Four hundred and sixty seven (36.6%) isolates grew from 1 277 specimens. Of these isolates, 314 (67.2%) grew Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 23 (4.9%) grew Mycobacterium other than tuberculosis and 38 (8.1%) grew contaminants. Among the M. tuberculosis cultures, 165 (52.5%) had growth of more than 100 confluent colonies, whereas 39 cultures (12.4%) had growth of less than 19 colonies. Direct smear for AFB among smear positive cases showed presence of more than 50 bacilli/line in 231 (49.5%) cases and smear negative cases accounted for 63 (13.5%). Among smear positive cases, 291 (94.5%) cultures grew Mycobacterium species and another 17 (5.5%) cultures grew contaminants. In smear negative cases, 32 (62.7%) cultures grew Mycobacterium species and 19 (37.3%) cultures grew contaminants. Conclusion: The results from data analysis of the Mycobacterium cultures should be critically utilized in order to review the laboratory performance and to improve its services in the future. Some of the data is also useful to the administrators of the hospital in terms of estimating the risk of occupational hazard faced by the health care workers.


The role of a bank advisor is especially important for guiding and counseling financially distressed individuals. Using a randomized controlled survey experiment conducted on a representative sample of French individuals and priming the financial vulnerability of half the respondents, we examine attitudes toward bank advisors. We find that priming deters low-income individuals from showing an extremely negative attitude toward seeking banking advice (positive effect); it also deters them from showing an extremely positive attitude (negative effect). We also find that acute financial distress partially drives the positive effect, and a lack of financial literacy partially drives the negative effect.


In 1955 the Supreme Court of California in People v. Cahan1 reversed a longstanding California rule.when it held inadmissible evidence illegally obtained.2 This holding precipitated immediate and serious problems of law enforcement inasmuch as prior law had not developed a body of rules to guide police in obtaining evidence under the restrictions of the exclusionary rule. This Comment will examine a number of the post-Cakan decisions for the "workable rules"3 fashioned by the courts as they pertain to (a) consent, (b) arrest and search warrants, and (c) arrest without a warrant.4


We present data on the reproductive ecology of the Orinoco crocodile (Crocodylus intermedius) in a newly established population at the El Frio Biological Station, Venezuela, from 2003 to 2007. Nesting occurs during the dry season, and hatching of young takes place at the beginning of the rainy season. Elliptical hole-like nests are constructed in artificial sand beaches with a median nest depth of 42.6 cm. Nest depth is positively correlated with female total size, enabling us to predictthe size ofthe female based on nest characteristics. Temperature in the egg chamber was on average 31.9 °C. The thermal amplitude of the nest was positively correlated with nest depth, and less than 1.3 °C when the nest was deeper than 30 cm. The average clutch size was 41.2 eggs, the average clutch mass was 4256.2 g, and egg viability was 75.4%. The average length, width and weight of eggs was 7.61 cm, 4.73 cm and 111.07 g, respectively. As part of the conservation programme, we also artificially incubated eggs from the species. Hatching rate in the incubator was 84.3%. Total length and mass at hatching were 28.6 cm and 66.9 g, respectively. Our data demonstrate that head-starting our population through egg incubation is a suitable conservation strategy for this endangered species.


Method and system for transmitting high peak power optical pulses through an optical fiber is disclosed. Raman soliton generation is utilized to maintain the pulse characteristics in the transmission fiber. The apparatus can comprise any high peak power pulsed source and transmitting fibers that support Raman soliton generation.


A new multichannel infrared sea truth radiometer has been designed and built to improve validation of satellitedetermined sea surface temperature. Horizontal grid polarized filters installed on the shortwave channels are very effective in reducing reflected solar radiation and in improving the noise characteristics. The system uses a continuous (every other cycle) seawater calibration technique. An analysis of the data from its first deployment is presented and recommendations are made for further improving the experimental method.


Objective To understand the reporting situation of legal infectious diseases in medical institutions of Zengcheng city,and provide references for improving and standardizing the management.Method The epidemic data of legal infectious diseases in medical institutions from 2000 to 2010 was statistical analysis.Results The average missing reports rate of legal infectious diseases was 4.76%,the disease with highest missing report rate were schistosomiasis and acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis(both were 50.0%),followed by rubella(16.67%).During 2000 to 2010,the missing report rate decreased gradually by years and remained at a lower level eventually in Zengcheng.Missing reports rate of different levels medical institutions were different,which was 3.16% for city,4.18% for town and 11.06% for small social medical centres,and had statistical significance(χ2=6.33,P0.05).Timely reporting rate of infectious diseases was 92.58%;and different level medical institutions were not statistically significant(χ2=0.01,P0.05).Conclusions In order to reduce or eliminate missing reports of infectious diseases,we should enhance the infectious training to medical staff,strengthen the awareness of reporting work.Simultaneously,hospitals should pay close attention to management work,ensure the reporting staff full time available,and undertake internal auditing on infectious diseases reporting.


Abstract I propose a method for the nonparametric estimation of transformations for regression. It is much more flexible than the familiar Box-Cox procedure, allowing general smooth transformations of the variables, and is similar to the ACE (alternating conditional expectation) algorithm of Breiman and Friedman (1985). The ACE procedure uses scatterplot smoothers in an iterative fashion to find the maximally correlated transformations of the variables. Like ACE, my proposal can incorporate continuous, categorical, or periodic variables, or any mixture of these types. The method differs from ACE in that it uses a (nonparametric) variance-stabilizing transformation for the response variable. The technique seems to alleviate many of the anomalies that ACE suffers with regression data, including the inability to reproduce model transformations and sensitivity to the marginal distribution of the predictors. I provide several examples, including an analysis of the "brain and body weight" data and some data on ...


This research consists of 3 objectives. i.e.. (1) to study the concepts and theories of peace and theoretical organization (2) to study the management of Wat Thannamlai (Suanmokkhaphalarama) according to Sappaya 7 and (3) to present The Ways of the Management in Buddhist Temples for Peace According to the Seven Sappaya for Wat Thannamlai (Suanmokkhaphalarama). The Research is Qualitative Research by In-Depth-interview with Key Informant and to observe and participate in manual activities as tools to analyze the data collected by the application in accordance with the corporate Temple Management Peace. From the research it is found that Concepts and theories of temple management according to Suppaya 7 is meant to create conducive conditions are factors contribute to educational practice. Factors contributing to the wellbeing and development. The right to develop the best results. Allows a boom stand Prosperity not decline advocating a place or a person who is comfortable with each other support especially to help support the practitioners and palliative treatment of intellect with 7 at the temple where the orbit of alms or food & beverage reflect talking to promote the party. The near and mental calm steady light temperature and nutrients food soundly sleeping environment for the organization of peace and serenity. From the data analysis it is found that Wat Thannamlai (Suanmokkhaphalarama) has got the systems of such management in the mentioned departments by emphasizing clearness and transparency with the models of its Management Committee in the management of each department. The systems are managed by the ways of convenience and efficiency of which can be seen through the works divided into each department with its direct responsive staff. This yields quite convenience for the coordination. From the interviews it is also found that the staff of each department has good intention and follows the rules designated by the temple very well.  The Ways of the Management in Buddhist Temples for Peace According to the Seven Sappaya for Wat Thannamlai (Suanmokkhaphalarama) and other organization. From the Research it found that that The Ways of the Management in Buddhist Temples for Peace According to the Seven Sappaya suitable for the co-existence and right to conduct practice. In the building the management of traffic both inside and outside the temple. Management of the Missionary. Management personnel Management cuisine the management of the air and the environment. Management activities and projects should be planned. Should be supervised and instructed. Should be targeted and cost-effective. And other factors to strengthen the management measures to achieve peace.


The loss process model and simulation procedures proposed by James M. Stanard in 1985 are extended in numerous ways, including provision for serial autocorrelation of parameters, mixtures of claim types, conditional selection of sample points, and a much greater variety of reserving methods. The extended model is used to explore many questions arising in practical loss reserving and to assist the loss reserver in choosing the best estimator for particular data conditions.


This work presents a study to bridge topic modeling and personalized search. A probabilistic topic model is used to extract topics from user search history. These topics can be seen as a roughly summary of user preferences and further treated as feedback within the KL-Divergence retrieval model to estimate a more accurate query model. The topics more relevant to current query contribute more in updating the query model which helps to distinguish between relevant and irrelevant parts and filter out noise in user search history. We designed task oriented user study and the results show that: (1) The extracted topics can be used to cluster queries according to topics. (2) The proposed approach improves ranking quality consistently for queries matching user past interests and is robust for queries not matching past interests.


A 73-year-old woman became jaundiced after receiving 8 units of red cells during cardiac surgery. Her past medical history included a blood transfusion during a hysterectomy 30 years previously but no reports of liver disease or cholecystitis. Her only medications were aspirin and isosorbide dinitrate. Preoperatively her haemoglobin concentration was 11·6 g/d (reference range, 1l'5-16'5), total serum bilirubin \3Jlmol/L (reference range, 2-17), conjugated bilirubin 3 Jlmol/L (normal, < 9), aspartate transaminase (AST) 19 U/L (reference range, 0--31) and alkaline phosphatase 134 U/L (reference range, 100--280); the red-cell antibody screen was negative. Jaundice was first noted on the fifth postoperative day, when the haemoglobin concentration was 11·1 g/dL, total bilirubin 192 Jlmol/ L (conjugated fraction 92 Jlmol/L), AST 33 U/L and alkaline phosphatase \31 U/L. Her urine tested positive for bilirubin (+ + +) and urobilinogen (+ + +). Ultrasonography of the heart, liver and biliary system was normal. On day 9 the haemoglobin had fallen to 6·2 g/ dL and the serum bilirubin was 530 Jlmol/L (Fig. I). The direct antiglobulin test was positive, anti-Jk" antibody was eluted from the circulating red cells, and 5 of the transfused units were identified as Jk'


This study was undertaken to examine the effects of fresh ginseng addition on the chemical and sensory properties of dongchimi juice fermented under various conditions. The contents of free sugars in dongchimi juice during fermentation increased at the initial stage, but decreased at the palatable stage and then increased again thereafter. Free sugars were higher in dongchlml juice with 4% of ginseng addition than with Soye ginseng and without ginseng addition. Analyses of organic acid contents showed that all three groups contained relatively high amounts of citric, lactic and malic acids. It was also found that, as fermentation progressed, the amounts of tactic and acetic acids in- creased, while that of malic acid decreased at the palatable stage and increased again thereafter. Total saponins were highest in dongchimi juice fermented at 4 with 4% of ginseng addition and panax atrlol ginsenosldes were found more than panaxadiol ginsenosides in dongchimi juice The results of sensory evaluation revealed that dongchimi juice prepared with the addition of and 4% ginseng was lower in sour taste and moldy off flavor than the control, thus scoring high In total acceptability. Dongchimi juice with 4% of ginseng addition was best in most sensory characteristics.


1. A data structure of control information for use with a recording medium having at least one recording layer, wherein the control information includes at least one block of information recording layer and recording velocity, characterized in that the information block It includes write strategy parameters for first write strategy type to be used for the writing speed and recording layer, wherein the first write strategy type is one of a plurality of write strategy types applicable to the same writing speed and Loy recording, and the first write strategy type is mandatory type which necessarily used for at least a predetermined writing speed or a preferred type determined based on preference among the plurality types of write strategies applicable to the same writing speed and zapisi.2 layer. The data structure of claim 1, wherein the data structure is a record on a recording medium, recording data on a recording medium based on the control information recorded as the data structure on the recording medium, or recorded on a carrier zapisi.3. The data structure of claim 2, wherein the recording medium is a rewritable disk standard Blu-ray.4. The data structure of claim 2, wherein the information unit includes an identification information identifying a first type zapisi.5 strategy. The data structure of claim 4, wherein the identification information identifies an n-1 type, where n-mark length and the type represents a number of write pulse to form a corresponding metki.6. The data structure of claim 5, wherein the first write strategy type is an arbitrary


ABSTRACT: This article examines the decisive role of the pneumonic plague epidemic of 1904 in re-shaping the racial geography of Johannesburg after the South African War. The panic which this epidemic evoked swept away the obstacles which had blocked such a step since 1901 and saw the Indian and African inhabitants of the inner-city Coolie Location forcibly removed to Klipspruit Farm 12 miles outside of the city as a health emergency measure. There, the latter were compelled to remain, even after the epidemic had waned, making it henceforth the officially designated site for their residence. In 1963, now greatly expanded, it was named Soweto. From small germs do mighty townships grow.


Machine learning algorithm have become veritable tools for effective decision support towards the construction of systems that assist experts (individuals) in their field of exploits and endeavor with regards to problematic tasks.. They are best suited for tasks where data is explored and exploited; and cases where the dataset contains noise, partial truth, ambiguities and in cases where there is shortage of datasets. For this study, we employ the Bayesian network to construct a model trained towards a target system that can help predict best parameters used for classification of the novel coronavirus (covid-19). Data was collected from Federal Medical Center Epidemiology laboratory (a centralized databank for all cases of the covid-19 in Delta State). Data was split into training and investigation (test) dataset for the target system. Results show high predictive capability.


Abstract Niche breadth values of three hypothetical resource matrices have been computed by means of four different formulae eventually giving rise to contrasting results. Starting from these results some remarks upon the niche breadth and related concepts are made. It is stressed, on the one hand, that any mathematical approach to the measure of niche breadth taking into account community species composition is rather dubious and, on the other, that a rigorous methodology should be adopted in order to reach a realistic definition of the community concept.


With the objective to evaluate the fluctuation and distribution of the brown root stink bug in cotton root during the 2005/2006 crop, this research was developed in five farms in the State of Goias, in Acreuna – GO, Campo Alegre de Goias – GO, two in Mineiros – GO and Itumbiara - GO. This survey was carried out fortnightly from December 2005 to December 2006 including nymphs and adult bed bugs in soil samples with auger type mug with 0.20 m diameter. The soil samples were Brown stink laminated in layers of 0.20 m from the surface up to 1.0 m in depth. In each farm were dropped five samples in walking in zig-zag in completely randomized desing. During the count, brown burrower bugs were classified in adults; nymphs large (> 5 mm with presence of lunettes Alar); nymphs medium-sized (between 3 mm and 6 mm, without dying Alar) or small nymphs (< 3 mm). The original data relating to insects were transformed into (x+0.5), submitted to the analysis of variance F-test (P < 0.05) and compared by Tukey test at the level of 5%. The results concluded that the brown root stink bugs exhibits behavior associated to monitor soil moisture, regardless of the soil texture (Sandy or loamy), remaining at depths higher until a new rainy season; When soil moisture decreases, bedbugs remain in small or medium nymph stage until the moisture from the first rain stimulates the maturation and development of these nymphs to the adult stage between october to may


Lac is produced in different districts of Madhya Pradesh (MP), covering ten out of its eleven agro-climatic zones. This paper investigated the prospects of stakeholders from an assessment of the potential and performance of the state's primary lac producing districts in Madhya Pradesh, India. Based on secondary data of lac production during Plans XI (2007-08 to 2011-12) and XII (2012-13 to 2016-17), data was evaluated crop by crop and district by district, and the trend was examined. Econometric measures, such as mean production, growth rate, and percent changes in mean value, were analyzed. Madhya Pradesh state that has contributed 13.66 per cent share during the XI plan has come down to 12.91 per cent during the XII plan. The state which recorded a negative growth rate to the extent of 30.15 per cent during the XI plan, reduced to 3.20 per cent during the XII plan. Chhindwara, Dindori and Mandla are the districts, which recorded decline growth during the XI plan but witnessed positive during the XII plan period. Data on crop-specific lac production were evaluated to determine less performing crops during these periods in the state. The state may initiate proper strategies to cope up with issues and problems of less performing districts.


The dissimilar steel 35CrMoA+S275NL was welded by TIG automatic welding process using TGS-2CM and ER309L welding wire,respectively.The microstructure of weld metal and heat-affected zone metal was analyzed,and the microhardness of the welded joint was conducted.The results show that the good quality of welded joints of dissimilar steel 35CrMoA+S275NL can be obtained by the two welding wires.But the microstructure and property of the welded seam metal using ER309L welding wire is suitable to weld the products which work at low temperature and bear alternating loads.


Experts have suggested that patients represented by professional guardians receive higher intensity end‐of‐life treatment than other patients, but there is little corresponding empirical data.


Obituary of Eileen Lewenstein, born August 28 1925; died March 7 2005. Ceramic artist, co-editor of Ceramic Review until 1997 and a founder member of the CPA.


2 Abstract: In recent years, the stock of Southern Meagre, distributed in Khuzestan Coastal Waters (Iran) has increased dramatically, raising concerns about their predatory impact and their forage requirements. During January 2009 to March 2011, a number of Argyrosomus hololepidotus species was captured in main fishing areas of Khuzestan province namely Busafe-Liphe and Bahrakan, northwest of Persian Gulf. The stomach contents of 146 individuals were examined, in which 44 individuals had contained (trace-full) stomachs while 102 individuals had empty stomachs. The value of vacuity index (CV) indicated moderate feeding for this species and percentages of CV in males were higher than in females. Using one-way ANOVA Test, the relationship between CV index and temperature was significant (P<0.05). The analysis of Prey occurrence index (FP) and Relative importance for prey index (IRI) results showed that fish is the main food source for A. hololepidotus, followed by crustacean (shrimp and crabs) food source and Mollusca (Squid) are as a secondary and accidental food sources. Three teen different species of fish and 3 species of invertebrates were observed in the diet. In overall, the analysis of stomach contents for Southern Meagre indicated that, Leiognatus bindus and Psudorambus elevatus fishes, dominated the diet male and female which accounted for %22 and %26 of the weight all stomachs respectively.


approved: Redacted for Privacy 3rofessir 147s Overton The problem of estimating the parameters of a forced discrete linear dynamic model is considered. The system model is conceptualized to include the value of the initial state as a parameter. The forces driving the system are partitioned into accessible and inaccessible inputs. Accessible inputs are those that are measured; inaccessible inputs are all others, including random disturbances. Maximum likelihood and mean upper likelihood estimators are derived. The mean upper likelihood estimator is a variant of the mean likelihood estimator and apparently has more favorable small sample properties than does the maximum likelihood estimator. A computational algorithm that does not require the inversion or storage of large matrices is developed. The estimators and the algorithm are derived for models having an arbitrary number of inputs and a single output. The extension to a two output system is illustrated; further extension to an arbitrary number of outputs follows trivially. The techniques were developed for the analysis of possibly unique realizations of a process. The assumption that the inaccessible input is a stationary process is necessary only over the period of observation. Freedom from the more general usual assumptions was made possible by treatment of the initial state as a parameter. The derived estimation technique should be particularly suitable for the analysis of observational data. Simulation studies are used to compare the estimators and assess their properties. The mean upper likelihood estimator has consistently smaller mean square error than does the maximum likelihood estimator. An example application is presented, representing a unique realization of a dynamic system. The problems associated with determination of concurrence of a hypothetical "system change" with a temporally identified event are examined, and associated problems of inference of causality based on observational data are discussed with respect to the example. Small Sample Parameter Estimation for Forced Discrete Linear Dynamic Models by Donald L. Stevens, Jr. A THESIS submitted to Oregon State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Completed March 8, 1979 Commencement June 1979 APPROVED: Redacted for Privacy Professor of statistics in charge of major Redacted for Privacy Chairman of Department of Statistics Redacted for Privacy Dean of Graduate Shool Date thesis is presented March 8, 1979 Typed by Mary Lou Lomon for Donald L. Stevens, Jr.


of inalation wasmnot due-to the occurrence of nausea and ting less often in attacks -when the inhaler was used. Other side-effects of ergotmine, such as paraesthesiae, ~pusclecramps, joint pains, coldness of etmLies, or intert claudication, were not found in the present study. In e patient treated subsequently, inhalation of ergotamine to produce mild dyspnoea due to bronchospasm, but she V/iWe ed v such symptomatic relief of her migraine that she was rpared to accept this side-effect. Graham et al. (1960) jiaported a similar side-effect in one patient, subject to asthma, ibo observed that an asthmatic attack was precipitated by wbbahd ergotamine. E:a conclusion the use of ergotamine by inhalation (medihalerappears. to be more effective than sublingual ergotd'tablt with a dissolution time of five minutes. Its cy compared with the newer sublingual preparations Pauins to be tested. Apart from nausea and vomiting, which Hag have been due to the migraine and not to the drug, side*cts were not encountered in the patients studied in this trial. i. view of the known side-effects of ergotamine, however, Billed ergotamine is contraindicated in pregnancy, in vascular particularly coronary artery disease, and in hepatic and Hidisease.v DiThe disappointments of oral treatment have led many s of migraine sufferers to medicate themselves with preparations (Sweetam, 1961). The developof preparations of ergotamine which allow the drug to ,be by inhalation appears to increase the probability of a n therapeutic response. It must be borne in mind, ie , the best results in the treatment of migraine by 14otamie preparations are obtained when the dose and method .dministration are tailored to the individual requirements of h patient. The therapeutic effectiveness of inhaled ergotamine tartrate (medihaler-ergotamine) has been compared with that of the sublingual route (tablet with dissolution time of five minutes) in the symptomatic relief of migraine. The maximum total dose of inhaled ergotamine was 1.8 mg. and of the sublingual drug 2 mg. A double-blind sequential clinical trial was carried out which demonstrated that under the conditions of the investigation ergotamine tartrate was more effective when given by inhalation than by the sublingual route. The drug when given sublingually was no more effective than inert preparations given by inhalation or sublingually. No serious side-effects were encountered with either form of administration.


44 ■ For The Defense ■ August 2013 ■ Caroline J. Berdzik is a partner of and Angeline Ioannou is special counsel for Goldberg Segalla LLP. From the firm's Princeton office, Ms. Berdzik's practice focuses on the health care industry and also providing strategic advice to employers on critical human resource issues and litigating employment law disputes. From the firm's Hartford office, Ms. Ioannou focuses on professional malpractice claims on behalf of nursing homes, tort claims, and product liability. Both are members of DRI's Medical Liability and Health Care Law Committee, which Ms. Ioannou serves as publications co-vice chair. Danger from Within? Sex Offenders in Long-Term Care Facilities


The 2008/2009 economic crisis provided a sustainable impulse for improving environmental scanning systems (ESS).Although a rich body of knowledge exists, these concepts are not often used in practice. This article contributes a literaturereview addressing not only why this knowledge is not used, but what elements of it can be leveraged for the work on hand.The results are structured in terms of the elements of information system (IS) design theories and the research methodapplied. At the end, we derive six initial principles for reworked ESS that are more applicable than the state of the art. Theseprinciples should improve the "grasp" of weak signals and allow better incorporation of environmental scanning findings intothe executive decision-making process. Two instantiations helped us to highlight how current developments in IS contributeto successful design, implementation, and day-to-day operation of reworked ESS.


SUMMARY The conditional score function has previously been shown to generate the optimal estimating equation for a parameter of interest when the conditioning statistic is complete and sufficient for the nuisance parameters (Godambe, 1976). The present paper generalizes these results to partial likelihood factorizations and then examines the nature of the problem when the appropriate conditioning statistics depend on the parameter of interest. In this case, globally optimal estimating functions are impossible. A weaker criterion of optimal weighting leads to a class of estimated conditional score functions which satisfy an information equality. The purpose of this paper is to develop and justify an approach based on conditional likelihood to estimation in the presence of nuisance parameters. The arguments focus on the case when there is a complete and sufficient statistic S(0) for the nuisance parameters when the parameter of interest, 0, is fixed. An extended notion of completeness will be presented in the context of partial likelihoods. The problem takes on two separate natures depending on whether the statistic S(0) truly depends on 0 or not. If S = S(0) is free of 0, then the conditional likelihood of the data given S has been shown to generate optimal inferential procedures giving a best estimating equation (Godambe, 1976) and a best asymptotically normal estimator in a mixture setting (Lindsay, 1980). If S(0) depends on 0, then it will be shown that the best estimating equation, also a conditional likelihood score, will generally be only locally optimal, leaving no single best strategy. Consideration of an optimal weighting strategy yields estimators which have second order properties similar to the conditional likelihoods of the first type.


Electronics history is often recorded as a panorama of dramatic inventions ¿ the computer, the transistor, the integrated circuit, and so on ¿ and it is sometimes easy to forget that brilliant human beings created these inventions. It is even easier to forget that there were others who first spotted promise in the young inventors, hired them, pointed them in promising directions, organized them into teams, and then marshaled the resources without which their creativity might well have been for naught.


The purpose of this paper is the analysis of the Plotinian and Iamblichean reading of the Aristotelian theory of abstraction, and its relationship with the status of mathematical entities, as they were conceived within a Platonic model, according to which mathematical objects are ontological autonomous and separate.


Representation theory for the Jordanian quantum algebra is developed. Closed form expressions are given for the action of the generators of on the basis vectors of finite-dimensional irreducible representations. It is shown how representation theory of has a close connection to the combinatorial identities involving summation formulae. A general formula is obtained for the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients of . These Clebsch-Gordan coefficients are shown to coincide with those of su(2) for , but for they are, in general, a non-zero monomial in .


In a recent study, Chen developed HDM (Hierarchical Decision Model) Sensitivity Analysis, a comprehensive sensitivity analysis for Hierarchical Decision Models 1 . This paper applies that analysis to a technology evaluation model built by Ho to evaluate the strategic impact of new IC (integrated circuit) manufacturing technologies in the Taiwan semiconductor foundry industry. Sensitivity analysis on Ho's model tested the model's robustness under changing experts' opinions. It demonstrated the impacts of changes at the policy and strategy levels on decisions at the operational level.


In this paper,we undertake a diagnosis of the characteristics of nerve pattern of cross-country athletes in Hunan and Guangdong provinces through the methods of documentation and examination.The results show that the metastable type takes up the largest percentage,followed by easily disturbed type,and there is no indistinct type.The subjects have no obvious item character,which means that selection of cross-country athletes should be more scientific and complete.


The mission reliability of space telemetry tracking and command (TT&C) systems directly determines whether the space mission can be carried out successfully. In actual situations, some missions of TT&C systems may just be required to be completed before a given time, rather than be performed in a specified time window. Taking advantage of this feature, mission failures in the originally arranged time period could then be re-executed later according to the rescheduling algorithm. The resources to be used and the time to be executed are two kinds of uncertainties that exist in rescheduling. This paper treats them as dynamic redundancy. The existing evaluation methods are insufficient to evaluate the mission reliability of system under this condition. This paper proposes a heuristic rule based on the system operation-principle to obtain the basic scheduling plan of the mission and then designs a reactive scheduling strategy to deal with mission failures during the execution process. Based on this scheduling architecture, a basic scheduling plan combined with a fault handling strategy can be obtained. A Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the components' failure and repair, and a discrete event simulation process is used to simulate the possible execution options during the execution process. A collection of altered execution options combined with the execution result of the mission can be gathered after a huge amount of simulation. The approximate mission reliability of the system can then be assessed through a statistic reference to this collection.


To provide a vacuum vapor deposition equipment for depositing a metal alloy coating on a substrate (7). A this facility, the steam generator includes a vacuum chamber (6) in the form of a closed container - with the mixer comprises means for ensuring a vacuum state therein with respect to the external environment, and external while still not locked essentially sealed to the environment, provided with an inlet and means for exit of the substrate (7), wherein the enclosure is, sonic speed vertically and it toward the surface of the substrate (7) in configured to make a jet of metal alloy vapor includes referred deposition head and ejector (3), the ejector (3) is passed through Futomeren a separate mixing device (14), a mixing device (14 ) at each of two crucibles (11, 12) being itself connected upstream, its own pipe each crucible (11, 12) is a mixer (14) including the different metals M1 and M2 of liquid form by (4, 4 ') It has been linked. .FIELD 4


A non-volatile flash memory system counts the occurrences of an event, such as the number of times that individual blocks have been erased and rewritten, by updating a compressed count only once for the occurrence of a large number of such events. Complementary embodiments include updating the compressed count based upon a random number or upon the actual count matching a multiple of the fixed number. These techniques also have application to monitoring other types of recurring events in flash memory systems or in other types of electronic systems. In another aspect of the present invention, provisions are made to maintain an accurate experience count if the memory system experiences an improper shutdown, for example in case of power loss or removal of a memory card.


The stress distribution in deep mixing improved columns is affected by cement content and in-situ soil properties of the surrounding soil. Group of cement improved soil column can be overlapped to form a shear wall which can support side slopes of embankments to enhance stability of the supported structure. The overlap distance of these columns is one factor that influences the efficacy of the columns and their overall effect on performance of the supported structure. This paper presents a numerical investigation on the effect of overlap distance and chord angle of overlap on the performance of soil-cement columns. The analysis of results show that the total stress on the columns decreases initially from 89.9kPa to 83.1kPa at 0 and 0.16m overlap distance due to development of discontinuities and stress concentration at corners of overlapping columns. The total stress on the column also increases between 0.16 and 0.32m overlaps corresponding to e/d ratio of 0.2 to 0.4m. This implies that values between 0.2-0.4 can be adopted for ratio of overlap distance and column diameter in design of overlapping column.


The novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) outbreak imposed the catastrophic impact on the communities worldwide. Recentevidence suggests that vitamin D is one of the important factors that affects the COVID-19 disease severity and the mortality increased in the vitamin D deficient COVID-19 patients. Since C- reactive protein (CRP)is an indicator of inflammation, an increase in levels of Vitamin D hence leads to the decrease in cytokines which ultimately affects the degree of C reactive proteins in the patients. In this review, we have focusedhere on the association between vitamin D and surrogate marker C- reactive protein (CRP)in cytokine storms in COVID-19 patients.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 06 No. 04 Oct'22 Page: 355-361


The following article was originally published in Educational Technology and is used here by permission of the editor. For more information on open badges, "Open Badges: trusted, portable digital credentials, Doug Belshaw" [https://edtechbooks.org/-TAS] is an excellent presentation from Doug Belshaw, who worked on the original project. Also, the K–12 BadgeChat [https://edtechbooks.org/-PAo] on Flipboard from the Open Badge Alliance contains many curated articles and information related to K–12 use of open badges.


This paper aimed to investigate the impact of levels of selectivity on the performance of equity funds using a methodology applied for the first time ever (as far as we know) in the Brazilian market. As an indicator of the activity level of a fund, we proposed the coefficient of determination (R2) of the regression of its returns over market returns. In total, 867 funds were analyzed in the period between November 2004 and October 2014. The hypothesis tested is that more selective funds perform better to compensate for their higher operating costs. This hypothesis was confirmed in the Brazilian market. Dynamic equally-weighted portfolios of funds were simulated, according to their past R2 and alphas, with monthly rebalancing and 12-month moving windows. The portfolio of the most selective funds had a Sharpe ratio of 0.0494, on a monthly basis, while the portfolio of the least selective funds had a Sharpe ratio of -0.0314. Performance was also higher in evaluations involving excess returns, Jensen's alpha, and accumulated returns, as well as when compared to randomly selected portfolios. Moreover, past performance (as measured by Jensen's alpha) was also a predictor of future performance. Particularly, the portfolio composed by funds with a higher past alpha and lower past R2 presented a Sharpe ratio of 0.1483 and a Jensen's alpha of 0.87% (significant at 1%), while the one composed of funds with a lower past alpha and lower activity level presented a Sharpe ratio of -0.0673 and an alpha of -0.32% (also significant at 1%).


A case of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma of the lung was studied by light microscopy and indirect immunofluorescence using tissue‐specific antibodies against intermediate filament subunits. All the tumor cells stained positively and exclusively with antivimentin antibodies thus indicating their mesenchymal origin. In addition, positive staining with cytokeratin antibodies was observed in cells lining cystic spaces and elongated slit‐like spaces were occasionally encountered throughout the tumor, disclosing residual epithelial elements. Using brightfield microscopy, the keratin‐positive areas were identified as distorted alveolar spaces lined by hyperplastic respiratory epithelium entrapped within the tumor. It is proposed that these entrapped epithelial elements may account for the conflicting results obtained by different investigators in previous attempts to determine the histogenesis of this tumor.


Objective
To understand the correlation of gene detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and clinical refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.

Methods
(1)For children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in our hospital with serum Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody positive, we collected the pharyngeal swab specimens over the same period, applied nested PCR to amplify 23SrRNA gene and undergoing electrophoresis and find out 97 cases of both positive, conducted DNA sequencing analysis of macrolide resistant gene to isolate the mutants, compared clinical manifestations of drug-resistance gene group with no drug-resistance gene mutation group.(2)Ninety-seven cases of mycoplasma pneumonia(MPP)patients were devided into the general MPP group(68 cases)and refractory MPP group(29 cases), retrospectively analyzed clinical manifestation, laboratory examination and differences of imaging performance.Multivariate logistic regression analysis for the performance of refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia was carried out to examine whether there is relevance between the mutant of drug-resisting gene and refractory Mycoplasma pneumonia.

Results
(1)Seventeen of 97 cases(17.5%)were found out without mutations, the other 80 cases(82.5%)exist drug-resistance gene mutations.(2)Mutation of drug-resistance gene group showed high CRP values, heating time, hospitalization time, macrolide drug application time, application of macrolides fever time and longer cough, by statistical analysis with statistical significance, higher incidence of lobar pneumonia.(3)Compared to general MPP group, refractory MPP group showed high peripheral blood neutrophil percentage percentage, CRP, calcitonin)and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)values, heating time, hospitalization time, macrolide drug application time, application of macrolides fever time and longer cough.There was significant difference(P<0.05); macrocyclic lactones drug application time and resistance gene mutation and refractory Mycoplasma pneumonia were correlated.

Conclusion
MPP drug-resistant genes are widespread.Drug resistance gene mutations group shows long clinical symptoms duration, slow recovery rate, higher CRP value, higher rates of lobar pneumonia.Compared with ordinary MPP group, there are higher drug resistance mutation rate, inflammatory indexes and lactate dehydrogenase value, large ring lactone class drugs after a longer time of cough and fever in RMPP group.Drug application time and resistant gene mutations are associated with RMPP.

Key words:
Refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia; Drug resistance; 23SrRNA gene; Mutation


Uniform Lu2O3 hollow microspheres have been successfully fabricated via a urea-based homogeneous precipitation method with colloidal melamine formaldehyde (MF) microspheres as hard templates followed by a subsequent calcination process. The uniform Lu2O3 hollow microspheres with diameters about 1.8 μm inherit the perfect spherical shape and good dispersion of MF templates. The shell of Lu2O3 hollow spheres is composed of a large amount of uniform nanoparticles, and the thickness is about 100 nm. The crystal structure, elemental analysis, morphology, and formation process of the as-synthesized hollow microspheres were investigated in detail. The rare earth ion Ln3+-doped Lu2O3 (Ln = Eu, Er, and Yb) hollow microspheres show bright down- and up conversion luminescence with different colours coming from different activator ions under ultraviolet or 980 nm light excitation, which may find potential applications in the fields such as light phosphor powders, advanced flat panel displays, drug delivery or biological labelling. Furthermore, this study may open new possibilities to synthesize other hollow spherical materials and extend their applications.


To study the gracefulness of unconnected union graphs,several kinds of unconnected union graphs are given and the following results are obtained:for arbitrary positive integer n,m,let s be the greatest integer not greater than n/2,Pn be a path with n vertex,St(m)be a star tree with m+1 vertex,graph An be the join graph of complement of P2 and Pn,then for n≥2,the union of A2n and arbitrary a graceful graph with n-1 edges is a graceful graph;for n≥5,m≥s+2,the union of An and star tree St(m) is a graceful graph,therefore the union of An and star tree St(n) is a graceful grap;for n≥5,the union of An and arbitrary path Pn is a(n-s)-graceful graph.


Data generated by the authors' field research on the bisexual and homosexual behaviors of men of Mexican origin living in southern California are presented and compared with the same behaviors of Anglo men in California and Mexican men in Mexico. Preferences for playing either the anal receptive or insertive sexual role and a focus on anal intercourse by unacculturated and less acculturated men of Mexican origin who have sex with men are the sexual behaviors judged to be most significantly different from Anglo men who have sex with men in California. Sexual socialization and acculturation were found to be the most important determinants of whether an individual's adult patterns of homosexual behavior will be more or less influenced by Mexican or Anglo homosexuality in spite of the length of time they may have lived in California. Evidence is presented about the effects that acculturation, preference for a sexual role in anal intercourse, and endogamy have on the spread of the AIDS virus in the Mexican ori...


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Evaluating the rate of reaching the assumed aim of any activity is the ground of verification of correctness of conduct assumed for its implementation. This evaluation is also the basis of verification of the algorithm of this conduct, including its modifying in order to reach the optimum state of the assumed goal. The procedures used for such an evaluation used to be described as a study of effectiveness of activities in question and its result directly as effectiveness. In case of technological processes, including the basic group of operations of mineral engineering, effectiveness is usually determined as a numerically expressed relation of really obtained process results to the results assumed, forecast or theoretically possible to be obtained. The variety of formulations of detailed assumptions of processes occurring in this discipline formulate the need of significant differentiation not only of the methods of evaluating its effectiveness but also precise determination of the very notion of effectiveness in the concrete conditions of implementation of the technological process. The work contains a discussion of this problem.


An electrically small spherical helix antenna (SHA) with a transmission line structure was developed to achieve wideband characteristics using multi-mode excitation. The proposed antenna was designed using numerical simulation and was fabricated to validate the radiation characteristics, including the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) bandwidth VSWR $\leq 3$. It is found that the proposed antenna can achieve wideband characteristics for a SHA with a small Q factor. Good agreement of the impedance and radiation efficiency is observed between the numerical and experimental results. The relative bandwidth ratio was 26.0% when the antenna size was 0.08 of a wavelength.


The effective and efficient management of construction resources is the essence of success for any construction project. Nonetheless, one of the most important construction-related resources has been for long overlooked; that is site space. In order to properly manage this vital resource, the layout of construction sites must be carefully planned. This involves the appropriate positioning of facilities needed to support the construction operations within the site boundaries. However, the dynamic nature of construction projects and its direct reflection on site requirements complicate this layout planning process. Space requirements and site constraints vary as the construction process progresses. Thus, site layouts must be dynamic in nature to be able to account for these changes. This paper introduces EDSLP (Evolutionary Dynamic Site Layout Planner), a newly developed automated computer system that can be used for assigning temporary site facilities in their optimal positions while taking into consideration the dynamic nature of construction projects. EDSLP consists of a data input facility, a CAD user interface, and an evolutionary optimization engine based on the principles of genetic algorithms. The system utilizes the widely used AutoCADTM for its graphical input/output interface. In performing the dynamic site layout planning, the system employs a new approach called "the Mini-Min Approach". Given project and facility related data, the system provides as output a sequence of layouts spanning the entire project duration. An illustrative 15000 m project is used to demonstrate the functioning of the presented system. It further shows that such automated system can be of significant aid to construction managers as they plan for their construction projects.


Objective To compare the effects of different methods of liver graft harvesting and perfusion on early liver function after transplantation.Methods The clinical data of 442 cases of cadavefic liver transplantation was retrospectively analyzed.The techniques for graft harvesting included in situ perfusion through abdominal aorta and splenic vein.UW solution and hypertonic citrate adeniBe solution(HCA)at 4℃ were used for organ perfusion and preservation. All cases were divided into 5 groups according to different methods of harvesting,perfusion,drainage through vena cava and irrigation of biliary tract.The liver function and blood coagulation were observed by groups one week after liver transplantation.Results There were significant differences betwin the time of separate and combined harvesting(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in all indexes between the above two methods,as well as perfusion of UW solution and combined HCA solution(P>0.05).There were significant differences in aspartate aminotransferase(AST),prothrombin time (PT),international normalized ratio (INR) and fibrinogen (Fb) between groups by drainage through jugular vein and inferior vena cava(P<0.05).There was significant difference in γ-glutamyl transpeptidase(γ-GT)between groups by irrigation through gallbladder and combined choledochus(P<0.01).There were significant differences in γ-GT,alanine aminotransferase (ALT),AST,direct bilirubin(DB),Fb and thrombin time(TT)between groups by the improved method of combined harvesting and the original method(P<0.05).Conclusion It iS suggested that the modified techniques of combined rapid harvesting and perfusion are simple,efficient and safe to improve the utilization and the quality of cadaveric organs,and the recovery of liver function after transplantation.

Key words:
Liver transplantation; Tissue and organ harvesting; Organ preservation; Liver flletion tests


Dielectric properties of n·CB (n  =  5, 6, 7, 8) liquid crystals (LCs) are investigated in the frequency intervals of 50–80, 120–160 GHz, and at 0.6 THz. The measurements are carried out in the millimetre wave range by the resonance method and with use of a reflectometer designed on the basis of a Michelson interferometer and quasi-optical metal-dielectric waveguides. Of most interest are the room temperature measurements of the birefringence of LCs. These measurements show that LCs can be used as polarisation transformers in the short wavelength region of the millimetre wave band and the long wavelength region of the sub-millimetre wave band.


Disclosed is a monitoring system for an industrial plant, in particular a power generation plant comprising a number of sub-facilities (ai) which can be represented as data elements (Ii(ai)) on a display unit (28). In order to ensure data compression and filtering as well as prompt fault diagnosis, the data elements (Ii(ai)) can be positioned on the display in accordance with the process data (PDi) relating to a particular state of the plant in such a way that the interval (L, W) between any two data elements (Ii(ai)) represents the contextual similarity between them.


The expansion of the data is so rapid in the real world today that, now accumulating and processing it is a huge task. This growth is exponential and when Data Mining (DM) tools are applied to analyze this enormous data, it makes the algorithms time-consuming and expensive. One of the most important algorithm in DM for analyzing the data is the tool for classi cation. Classi cation is a function of DM for predicting the class of a sample by building a classi er or a prediction model on the basis of already collected samples with their class. The dataset used for classi cation is a supervised data with di erent features or attribute. During classi cation some features can be of great signi cance while some could be irrelevant and redundant. The learning and prediction time of classi cation algorithms is reduced using feature selection. This decrease in time is due to the time saved on the cost of features that are not selected through feature selection. Feature selection also provides understanding into the nature of the problem to be solved. So, there is a vital need of removing those irrelevant and redundant features before building a classi er. This research is based on solving the problem of feature subset selection (FSS) that chooses the features/attributes that are of signi cant value for the classi er to be built. These signi cant features would reduce the data that will eventually help to improve the accuracy and reliability of big data analytics. The reduction of data eventually would increase the accuracy and reliability of decision support systems especially critical health related decision support systems. Other areas include sentiment analysis, opinion mining, drug discovery, tumor detection, stroke detection and many other such applications. The rst phase of this research has the novelty of considering FSS problem as multi-objective problem and solving it using two metaheuristic techniques that are Non-dominating Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) and Multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization altered to solve FSS as a binary problem (BMOPSO). The experimentation results represent the importance of considering FSS as multi-objective problem as it outperforms against current techniques of FSS not only in terms of the accuracy of a classi er but number features reduced. The second phase of this research explores Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) technique for FSS which is another meta-heuristic technique. To further re ne the search, the signi cance of each feature is measured using minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance (mRMR) technique before applying ACO. The results show that proposed technique performs better when compared with other existing biological inspired algorithms for FSS. Both of the phases of this research use di erent real world datasets taken from UCI machine repository and k-fold cross validation is used to further authenticate the results of the proposed techniques. The feature subset selection primarily deals with the data representation for the classi cation process and reduces the computational complexity and prediction accuracy. This research is dedicated to my inspiring parents, motivating husband and loving children.....