TheMayoClinic hasbeendeveloping arefined interface designtofacilitate theentryof controlled diagnoses into amedical problem list. Therefinements havebeenbasedonasetof successive Usability experiments.12 These experiments haveyielded principles whichwe believe mustembodyasuccessful attempt at controlled entry ofmedical problem lists. The first lesson isthatthis function encompasses subtleties ofdesign notpreviously published. Thesecomplexities include interaction between historical problems andpresent problems, the relationship between thelevel ofgranularity necessary toencode theclinical detail which describes thepatient's condition andthatare necessary tobill fortheencounter. Inaddition, designers mustconfront theprecision andrecall question. Thatis, iftheclinician toooften does notfind theproblem onthelist presented bythe system, thesystem becomes unusable. Atthe sametime, iftheclinician cannotquickly navigate through averylonglist ofproblems they will find thesystem unwieldy andtherefore unusable. Thisiscompounded bythefact that these problems mustbesolved within thesame application, whichmeansthat fromacomputing standpoint there isconsiderable overlap. This causesdesigncompetition betweenthese varying agendas, whichisfurther compounded bythefact that there exists limited screen real estate. Thesecond lesson learned wasthat with a complexscreen design (onedesigned to maximize flexibility) onemustkeepvisual pointers onthescreen tominimize Cognitive Overhead andDisorientation.34


Trisomy 12 can be seen in many different lymphoid neoplasms. However, many or most mature B-cell leukemias associated with isolated trisomy 12 are reported in the literature as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or 'atypical CLL'. This study reports a case of a mature B-cell leukemia, morphologically and immunophenotypically similar to cases previously published as atypical CLL, in which cytogenetic evaluation revealed an isolated clonal trisomy 12 but no evidence of the mantle cell lymphoma-associated t(11;14)(q13;q32). Further analysis confirmed absence of cyclin-D1 expression. Subsequent lymph node biopsy revealed evidence of large cell transformation of the underlying chronic lymphoproliferative disorder. Gene expression profiling of the initial peripheral blood sample using a cDNA micro-array of ∼10,000 expressed genes revealed a close resemblance between the reported case and 2 cases of known mantle cell lymphoma. When further compared to 7 known 'typical' CLL cases, the reported case was classified as mantle cell lymphoma by hierarchical cluster analysis. The case reported here raises interesting questions regarding the nature of cases reported previously as trisomy 12-associated CLL and reinforces the fact that other leukemic lymphoproliferative disorders should be included in the differential diagnosis of such cases. Further study is indicated to elucidate the nature and diversity of disorders previously reported as trisomy 12-associated chronic lymphocytic leukemia.


Background: Based on emotional regulation models of eating pathology, disordered eating behaviors are maladaptive efforts to avoid or escape from aversive internal experiences. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between experiential avoidance and mindfulness with eating disorders symptomology among undergraduate female students. Materials and methods: In this descriptive-correlative research, 350 eligible female students selected by convenient sampling method in 2016. Questionnaires of Eating Disorders Diagnostic Scale (EDDS), The Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) were used. Data analysis was done by Pearson correlational analysis and multiple regression analysis. Results: There found a positive significant relationship between eating disorder symptoms and experiential avoidance (P<0.01); and a negative significant relationship between eating disorder symptoms and mindfulness (P<0.01). The results of multiple regression analysis indicated that both constructs of experiential avoidance and mindfulness were significant predictors of eating disorders symptomology. Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that avoidance of internal experiences and low mindfulness may play a role in disordered eating. Therefore, development of regulation strategies for applying in exposure with unpleasant experiences may be useful in prevention and treatment of eating disorder.


Uncontrollable epilepsy increases risk for post-ictal cardiorespiratory failure and Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP). Neuroinflammation, a key factor in epilepsy, is thought to be mediated primarily by resident microglia, astrocytes and their signaling molecules. Recruitment and dysfunction of these cells affect neuronal function in epilepsy. Our data using a novel audiogenic seizure rat model (KO of Kir5.1 channel in Dahl SS rat background, SS kcnj16-/- rats) largely recapitulates human SUDEP - suppression of post-ictal breathing frequency and heart rate worsened by repeated seizures. Knowledge gaps exist in defining a functional role of seizure-induced neuroinflammation on epilepsy-related impairment in cardiorespiratory control or increased SUDEP risk. We tested the hypothesis that repeated seizures lead to neuroinflammation in key brainstem regions important in respiratory control. Male SS kcnj16-/- rats aged 8-16 wks (n=4/group) were exposed to either 0 (naïve), 1 day (d), 2d, 3d, 5d, or 10d of seizures; the brains were harvested and flash-frozen for collecting bilateral punch biopsies from the nucleus ambiguous/pre-Bötzinger complex (NA/preBötC), Bötzinger complex (BötC) and the Raphe Magnus (RMg) and subjected to a 27 chemokine/cytokine assay. We found increases (in fold-change) in 10 different cytokines, including IL-1α and IL-1β in the preBötC after 5d of seizures, and primarily decreases (e.g. IL-4) in the BötC and very few changes in cytokines in RMg at the same time point. Based on these data and single nuclear-RNA sequencing data in the RMg showing activation of IL-1 signaling in microglia after repeated seizures, we blocked IL-1 receptors with anakinra (IL-1 receptor antagonist; 2.5 mg/kg IP) to test a functional role of this pathway. Male SS kcnj16-/- rats (aged 8-16 wks; n=12-14/group) were treated with anakinra or vehicle daily for 3 days prior to and during the 10d seizure protocol. Breathing was measured via whole-body plethysmography for 20 min before, during and 20 min after daily audiogenic seizures. Anakinra treatment led to higher mortality ( p<0.01) and more severe seizure scores at 1d, 3d, and 10d ( p<0.05). Across the 10d, acutely following a seizure, there were no apparent effects across ventilatory parameters. Overall, blocking IL-1 signaling led to detrimental effects in mortality, seizure score, and no benefit on ventilatory parameters during 10d of seizures compared to controls. These data suggest that repeated seizures induce time- and site-dependent brainstem neuroinflammation, where the activation of IL-1 signaling in vital cardiorespiratory control regions appears beneficial. Supported by HL122358, HL160122 This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2023 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.


The solution to problem 7 [SIGSAM Bulletin vol 8, no. 1 (issue no. 29), Feb., 1974] was obtained in its entirety with the use of MACSYMA [1]. No hand calculations were required. The factorization step, the major cost of the solution, uncovered a poor design decision in the existing factorization program [2]. This program was modified, and the factorization was accomplished in 602 seconds of PDP-10 machine time. Since the modified factorization program produces shorter run-times on almost all of our standard test cases. it is now the standard routine.


Mathematically, quantum theory is based on two core postulates: unitary dynamics and instantaneous projective measurements as epitomized by the collapse of the wave function. But how instantaneous is this "collapse"? Based on simple estimates, whose validity rests solely on the fact that all fundamental forces in nature are finite-ranged, we show that the minimum measurement time for a quantum mechanical object scales proportionally with the object's diameter with the proportionality constant being around $10^{-5}$ s/m. We confirm our bound by comparison with experimentally reported measurement times for different platforms.


We present a commercial software based product that allows making audio and video conferences as well as sending encrypted instant messages that are based in a chaos stream cipher. This paper shows measurements on battery and bandwidth consumption and compares them with current state-of-the-art and widely used solutions. Results point that the chaos based system is more efficient than others. We also describe the lightweight encryption algorithm used in the application as well as some results concerning its security analysis. This system achieves savings of 95% on the CPU compared to AES-256-CBC.


This paper discusses the government response on threat of terrorism and radicalism in Indonesia. Several theoretical frameworks of policy theory, terrorism and the sociology of religion used to explain president Jokowi's policy on radicalism/terrorism. This study found that Indonesia has a strong response in managing terrorism but it is needs a new strategy and approach that focus on collaborative approach, as well as soft power and hard which based on the principles of accountability, human rights and democracy.


As an important medium,magazines about Wushu now are facing very grave threats and challenges in survival and development.This paper puts forward strategies of Wushu development about the content construction and marketing communication.The strategies of content construction are as follows: Spread of Wushu should hold "Wushu in broad sense" as the concept of development.Make culture and technique complement each other with treat culture as the focus.Take the path of carrying forward the combat and fitness while protecting the traditional routine.The standardization and the quality of article source should be improved.Magazines should develop multi-version and beware of content repetition.And the content construction needs innovation.The suggestions of marketing communication are: strengthening efforts to advertisement,building powerful brand,making market segmentation,clearing position and target marketing,extending distribution channel,improving issuance systems,perfecting the binding,complementing and harmonizing new media.


Utilizing illumination light of three primary colors of the illumination device, comprising: a lamp emitting light of three primary colors (1), the three primary colors of light comprising the wavelength components of the three primary colors with consistent light; and a wavelength selective illumination lamp (1) of the three primary colors of light output side of the filter diaphragm (22), the wavelength selective filter diaphragm (1) is provided with a function as a specific area of the diaphragm, the diaphragm and the particular selective attenuation or shielding light of three primary colors contained in the corresponding at least three primary colors of light wavelength components of a color, and light of other wavelength component transmitted.


A kind of specific cyclodextrin polyrotaxanes (PR) drug delivery system was developed for effective drug delivery and enhancing antitumor effect. In this work, we prepared the PR by α-CD derivatives and dicarboxyl-PEG (Mn=4200) self-assembling and end-capping with β-CD derivatives. Then we chose TPGS with antitumor effect to modify the PR. The modified polyrotaxanes (PRs) have a certain anticancer effect, and can assist the anticancer drug to treat cancer. The 10-Hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) was combined to the specific polyrotaxanes by covalent bonds to prepare drug-loaded specificity polyrotaxanes (PR-TPGS-HCPT). The enhanced antitumor activities of the PR-TPGS-HCPT were studied by in vitro and in vivo experiments, the experiment results proved that the TPGS could effectively assist the drug to treat cancer, prolong the lifetime of the tumor-bearing mice. Therefore, this research provides a promising drug-loaded material for the cancer treatment and the specific water-soluble polyrotaxanes will have potential application in the biomedical field.


Standard internalist approaches to critical thinking insist that critical thinkers maintain conscious, deliberate access to the reasons for their beliefs and actions. A more useful approach is externalist, focusing on the reliability of different types of processes for generating beliefs and decisions under different circumstances. We describe an externalist approach to critical thinking based on dialogue. According to the theory, critical thinking is asking and answering questions about alternative possibilities in order to achieve some objective. Three perspectives are coordinated (by different individuals or inside a single head): a proponent, an opponent, and a referee. By asking and answering questions, the defender and challenger introduce new possibilities (mental models), understand them more completely, and learn one another's beliefs and preferences. The referee, who represents an external perspective, regulates the dialogue so that it reliably achieves the participants' objectives within the available time. "Critical Thinking through Dialogue" training takes trainees through four phases of a critical dialogue (identifying a disagreement, deciding how to resolve it, challenging and defending positions, and resolution), and presents principles associated with each phase. Tactical decision game scenarios were used prior to training, for practice, and for a post-training test. The training led participants to surface information not previously shared and to make effective use of it. They were more likely to recognize and deal with disagreements, to ask for and give reasons for positions, listen more carefully, and seek creative solutions rather than premature compromises. Current work is extending the theory and training to leadership skills. Dialogue and Critical Thinking 3 Approaches To Critical Thinking Definitions of critical thinking vary, but most share a common theme. Siegel (1997, p.14), for example, says that ...being a critical thinker requires basing one's beliefs and actions on reasons... the beliefs and actions of the critical thinker, at least ideally, are justified by reasons for them which she has properly evaluated [italics in original]. Paul (1993) defines critical thinking as "a unique kind of purposeful thinking in which the thinker systematically and habitually imposes criteria and intellectual standards upon the thinking...." Implicit or explicit in many definitions (Johnson, 1996, chpt. 12) is that critical thinking involves the deliberate application of a proper evaluative criterion directly to beliefs and decisions and the reasons for arriving at them. These definitions (and many others; see Cohen, Salas, & Riedel, 2002, for a review) reflect a particular paradigm. Critical thinking has traditionally been conceptualized from an internalist point of view, which (as the name suggests) packs everything relevant to the evaluation of an intellectual product into the consciousness of an individual (Feldman & Conee, 2000; Plantinga, 1993a, pp. 3-29). From this perspective, it is inappropriate to credit a person for a correct judgment or decision if she cannot justify it by an explicit reason. If she cannot say why she judged or decided in the way she did, then she got it right by accident (P. Klein, 2000). Expert physicians who are unable to explain a diagnosis (Patel, Arocha, & Kaufman, 1999, p. 82) are irrational, or at the very least cannot be good critical thinkers. By the same token, there is a set of rules for proper reasoning that applies to all situations at all times; if adoption of a belief fits those rules, it cannot be faulted, no matter else is going on. For example, it is unfair to fault a judgment or decision by reference to information of Dialogue and Critical Thinking 4 which the person was unaware, even if readily available, or based on other rules, which are not intuitively compelling to that person. The purpose of this evaluation is "fairness" rather than effectiveness. As a consequence, critical thinking is supposed to evaluate a static, self-contained set of mental contents, in the light of universally compelling standards (e.g., logical, probabilistic, or decision theoretic) that specify how conclusions should be supported by reasons. Sosa (1991, p. 195) dubbed this view the "intellectualist model of justification." A problem with internalism is that only a small subset of the reasons for a decision can ever be made explicit in critical thinking (Cherniak, 1986). As a result, the required absolute evaluative criteria do not exist. To varying degrees, everyone is in the same boat as the inarticulate expert physicians. Another problem is that, if applied "systematically and habitually" (e.g., as urged by Paul; also, Siegel, 1997: p. 16), the habit of asking for reasons leads to an infinite regress; to be a critical thinker is to be on a never-ending treadmill. Questions arise about the potential usefulness of training such skills for use in real-world domains like the Army tactical battlefield: Will critical thinking take too much time, undermine the will to fight, supplant experience and even expertise, stifle innovation, or disrupt coordination? Unfortunately, the current state of the field does not provide encouraging answers. Critical thinking textbooks tend to emphasize (i) basing judgments and decisions on formal or informal logic, probability theory, or decision theory, and (ii) the avoidance of common fallacies (Hansen & Pinto, 1995) and biases (e.g, Kahneman, Slovic, & Tversky, 1982). Critical thinking is still regarded implicitly as a form of inner purity. The critical thinker's duty is to accept only beliefs seen clearly to follow from sound arguments, regardless of conditions or outcomes in the real world. There is little prescriptive research regarding pragmatic constraints on critical thinking that arise in time-sensitive domains. Dialogue and Critical Thinking 5 Our objective was to place critical thinking in a more realistic context for practitioners. To accomplish this, we sought a conceptualization that would: – Capture the idea of thinking about thinking without demanding that all (or even most) decision making be deliberative, or that all (or even most) reasons be made explicit. – Be usable in time-constrained situations. – Take account of constraints & obstacles due to social and organizational relationships. – Enhance the effectiveness of strategies actually used by proficient decision makers (e.g., recognition, story-building). – Be easy to teach, practice, and evaluate in real-world contexts. These objectives commit us to an externalist point of view (e.g., Papineau, 2003; Lipshitz & Cohen, 2003). From that perspective, evaluation is based on the reliability of the process that generated a judgment or a decision in real-world environments of the appropriate kind. Critical thinking has a different look and status in the externalist perspective: (i) Externalist evaluation is highly context-dependent, and the most effective processes or methods are often domain-specific rather than general. A judgment or decision is justified if it is generated by a process that reliably achieves objectives under relevant conditions (Goldman, 1992, chpt. 6). (ii) Reasons for a belief or decision will be spelled out to varying degrees depending on the context, and there will always be a large residual dependence on the reliability of relatively automatic perceptual and inferential processes (e.g., rapid recognition-primed decision making; Klein, 1993). (iii) Evaluation based on effectiveness (rather than "fairness") is not limited to a person's consciousness. Cognitive and social processes that expose views to outside challenge or actively seek information from the environment are likely to increase reliability (Goldman, 1992, chpt. 10) and may be part of critical thinking. (iv) Feasibility is built into the notion of reliability. Dialogue and Critical Thinking 6 Externalist criteria will favor strategies that are closely related to the way people already think over methods that are formally rigorous but impossible to implement (Lipshitz & Cohen, 2003). (v) No single method or process defines rationality. Critical thinking itself is not necessary for rationality, since intuitive or recognitional processes may be more reliable for achieving goals in familiar situations or when time is limited (Cohen, Freeman, & Wolf, 1996). At the other extreme, formal models might be worthwhile when their presuppositions are satisfied and an explicit computational implementation is available. Is there an externalist platform for critical thinking that realizes our objectives? Dialogue and Thought We propose an externalist perspective according to which critical thinking is, in essence, a form of dialogue. Dialogue theory studies reasoning and decision making as they actually occur in multiperson interactions rather than as a static set of logically related premises and conclusions (Hamblin, 1970; Rescher, 1977; van Eemeren & Grootendorst, 1983; van Eemeren et al., 1993). It seeks to identify the different types of argumentation (that is, the dynamic exchange of reasons for and against a conclusion) that are observed in conversation and the kinds of errors to which they are subject. Walton (1995, 1998) generalized the notion of dialogue beyond argumentation, defining it as any characteristic type of multiperson exchange with associated mutual expectations about roles, constraints, and purposes (Walton, 1998; Walton & Krabbe, 1995, p. 66). Based on that definition, he developed a classification of dialogue types, including negotiation, deliberation, inquiry, information seeking, and even quarreling. Dialogue theory blends descriptive and normative concerns, beginning in bottom up fashion with real-world conversations. Researchers start with observed types of interactive exchange and then build idealized models. These models constrain how each type of transaction should be Dialogu


Objective
To explore the expression of ANLN in HCC and study the clinical value of ANLN expression for HCC patients after liver transplantation.

Methods
The protein and mRNA expression of ANLN was detected by immunohistochemistry and RNA-seq from TCGA respectively. Chi-square test and t test were used for correlation analysis between ANLN expression and clinicopathological characteristics. The predictive value of ANLN expression for HCC patients after liver transplantation was estimated by log-rank test and cox proportional hazards regression model.

Results
The positive protein expression rate of ANLN in HCC detected by immunohistochemistry was 37.0% (34/92), significantly higher than 6.5% (6/92) in para-carcinoma non-tumor tissue (P 400 ng/L (P 8 cm (P=0.034, χ2=4.506). The independent risk factors for poorer 5-year survival of patients after liver transplantation were confirmed, including positive ANLN protein expression (P=0.031, OR=1.965, 95%CI=1.064-3.630), tumor size >8 cm (P=0.003, OR=2.841, 95%CI=1.437-5.617), worse differentiation degree (P=0.001, OR=3.613, 95%CI=1.646-7.928), peritumor intravascular cancer emboli (P=0.041, OR=1.896, 95%CI=1.028-3.498) and tumor necrosis or hemorrhage (P=0.010, OR=2.195, 95%CI=1.211-3.979).

Conclusion
The expression of ANLN in HCC is upregulated and the positive protein expression indicates the poor prognosis for long-term survival of patients after liver transplantation.

Key words:
ANLN; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Liver transplantation; Independent risk factor


Introduction: sustainability, people and places - an agenda for the future. Urban change and sustainability: social and architectural legibility of the city city of cent$ - formalization and urban change Dubai - the search for identity the significance of the memory of urban spaces village and community as models for the sustainable city sustainable urban communities - history defying cultural conflict the failure of man-environment studies in influencing design decisions. Community, attachment and identity: one attachment or more? designing a sense of community - a cohousing case study tradition, change and continuity - a dialectical analysis of social and spatial patterns in home environments sustainable design - a question of community (visual) awareness accessibility or obstacles? ethnic food and the immigrant experience - from city to suburb unity or fragmentation - is there a centre in person-environment studies? Proximal and specific spaces: work and home - spatial implications of income generation in the domestic setting the predictors of the feeling of crowding and crampedness in large residential buildings a post-occupancy evaluation of university educational buildings social sustainability and changes in environments designed for young children - the case of the French daycare centres occupational accident scenarios and work spaces in industrial environments. Global environment issues and ecological behaviour: overcoming expertocracy through sustainable development - the case of wastewater myths of nature and environmental management strategies - a field study on energy reductions in traffic and transport environmental attitudes and diffusion of innovations - the energy saving case predicting environmental attitudes and behaviour activating and inhibiting psychological factors related to sorting behaviour.


This document is the first part of the computer-assisted proof of the nonbacktracking lace expansion (NoBLE). The NoBLE was created by Remco van der Hofstad and the author to prove mean-field behavior for self-avoiding walk, lattice tree (LT), lattice animals (LA) and percolation. In this file the model-independent computations, explained in "Generalized approach to the non-backtracking lace expansion" Section 5, are computed. All reference in this file are to this paper. We compute the Green's function of simple random walk (SRW) and other related quantities. The computation of SRW-integrals are based upon techniques of Takashi Hara and Gordon Slade explained in "The lace expansion for self-avoiding walk in five or more dimensions." from (1991). Additionally, we store the number of self-avoiding and bond-avoiding walks. This file is the advanced version of the SRW-integral computation. We automate many steps using functions, called methods in Mathematica. This allows us to compute the SRW-integrals for arbitary sets of points x. We refer readers who are less familiar with programming to the basic version of the file. Be aware: Running the file might take up to an hour as we compute a number of basic SRW-integral using a series expansion in the Subsection Computation of In,l(x). During the time-consuming computations in Section 1.3 the program creates an output indicating the progress of the computation. The result of these time-consuming computations are saved into two separate notebooks that will be created on your computer. These are loaded automatically, when you run the program a second time.


We propose a decoder for low-complexity equalization of coded frequency selective multiple-input multiple-output channels. The decoder combines parallel decision feedback decoding (PDFD) and the list-type approach. This alternative achieves a good trade-off between performance and complexity even when the channel is not minimum phase.


In 2005, the revised Lisbon Strategy decided upon an integrated program of policy reforms envisaging the labor market in the context of globalization, demographic changes and fast technological progress, transposed into integrated guidelines. Such reforms aimed at increasing the employment rates, at improving work quality and labor productivity and social and territorial cohesion; in other words, at updating and upgrading the European labor markets. In order to reach such aims, the flexicurity concept was considered and employed as a key strategic framework. Flexicurity itself may be defined as an integrated strategy aiming to improve both the labor market flexibility and job security, implying successful switching between educational system and labor market, between jobs, between unemployment and inactivity and employment, and between job and retirement. We propose a possible assessment of the performances of the flexicurity policies by using certain composite indicators that allow for a multidimensional appraisal of flexicurity in the EU countries, providing also elements for comparison between the EU countries and regions (especially the New Member States and their regions).


We propose a novel dependency-based hybrid tree model for semantic parsing, which converts natural language utterance into machine interpretable meaning representations. Unlike previous state-of-the-art models, the semantic information is interpreted as the latent dependency between the natural language words in our joint representation. Such dependency information can capture the interactions between the semantics and natural language words. We integrate a neural component into our model and propose an efficient dynamic-programming algorithm to perform tractable inference. Through extensive experiments on the standard multilingual GeoQuery dataset with eight languages, we demonstrate that our proposed approach is able to achieve state-of-the-art performance across several languages. Analysis also justifies the effectiveness of using our new dependency-based representation.


INDIA is a multi cultural, multifaceted and multi religious society wherein each community following its own religion is governed by its own set of personal laws. the constitution provides for the establishment of a uniform civil code in matters of civil concern throughout the territory of India. After partition India had come out of a catharsis in the form of partition and at that time it was essential for the country to remain united. Keeping this in view the members of the constituent assembly decided to include the code as a measure to ensure national integrity. Our forefathers being a part of the constituent assembly had long back foreseen the problem and had intended to unify the jungle of personal laws in civil matters on similar lines of codified criminal laws in India. Lawyers, jurists and academicians are all perplexed that even in the 62nd year of Independence uniform civil code has not found its deserved place. The concept of UCC as believed by some is fundamental to the integrity of the nation and imbibing gender equality which is one of the primary objectives for implementing UCC. The advocates of UCC argue that if the Hindus did not have any problems in agreeing to a common code in the form of the Hindu code Bill then what hinders the Muslims. The Muslim members of the assembly strongly opposing the implementation of the code contended that the UCC is a fundamental breach of Article 25 of the constitution that gives every citizen of India the freedom to practice, profess and propagate their own religion. The code is an effort to bring uniformity in matters of marriage, inheritance, succession and divorce, which are presently governed by the communities respective personal laws. The present paper addresses the predicaments that were inherent in the establishment of the code and the roadblocks that did not allow the code even after over 6 decades of independence.


This study was to examine the utilization of waste egg snells for removal of heavy metals in laboratory wastewater. It was estimated that pH increasing formed heavy metals into a hydroxide and then settled to remove them. Removal rate of heavy metals were increased as increased dosage, low adsorbate...


Initial results are presented from the Vector Electric Field Investigation (VEFI) on the Air Force Communication/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) satellite, a mission designed to understand, model, and forecast the presence of equatorial ionospheric irregularities. The VEFI instrument includes a vector DC electric field detector, a fixed-bias Langmuir probe operating in the ion saturation regime, a flux gate magnetometer, an optical lightning detector, and associated electronics including a burst memory. Compared to data obtained during more active solar conditions, the ambient DC electric fields and their associated E x B drifts are variable and somewhat weak, typically < 1 mV/m. Although average drift directions show similarities to those previously reported, eastward/outward during day and westward/downward at night, this pattern varies significantly with longitude and is not always present. Daytime vertical drifts near the magnetic equator are largest after sunrise, with smaller average velocities after noon. Little or no pre-reversal enhancement in the vertical drift near sunset is observed, attributable to the solar minimum conditions creating a much reduced neutral dynamo at the satellite altitude. The nighttime ionosphere is characterized by larger amplitude, structured electric fields, even where the plasma density appears nearly quiescent. Data from successive orbits reveal that the vertical drifts and plasma density are both clearly organized with longitude. The spread-F density depletions and corresponding electric fields that have been detected thus far have displayed a preponderance to appear between midnight and dawn. Associated with the narrow plasma depletions that are detected are broad spectra of electric field and plasma density irregularities for which a full vector set of measurements is available for detailed study. Finally, the data set includes a wide range of ELF/VLF/HF oscillations corresponding to a variety of plasma waves, in particular banded ELF hiss, whistlers, and lower hybrid wave turbulence triggered by lightning-induced sferics. The VEFI data represents a new set of measurements that are germane to numerous fundamental aspects of the electrodynamics and irregularities inherent to the Earth's low latitude ionosphere.


Modern copy of an original portrait of Edward Hyde. Image from the North Carolina Museum of History. [3]Edward Hyde, first to hold the office of governor of North Carolina, was probably born at the family estate of Norbury Manor in Cheshire County, England. He inherited the family manors of Norbury and Hyde and other estates through his father, Robert (d. April 1670). His mother was Phillis or Felice (d. February 1668), the daughter of Ralph Sneyd of Keel and Bradwell in Staffordshire, who brought as her dowry a small amount of property in Shelmenthorpe, Yorkshire.


The present paper studies on Hyophila plants of Guizhou province in China.The authors observed morphology and anatomical structure of sporophyte and gametophyte by optical microscope,classficated Hyophila plants by these features. Hyophila javanica (Nees. Blume.)Brid.,H.propagulifera Broth., H.nymaniana (Fleisch.) Menzel.and H.spathulata (Harv.) Jaeg. are new record species in Guizhou.Moreover the present paper studies these plants ecological environment and geographical distribution.


Aggregates used in concrete are fast depleting natural resource and the quarrying of which is causing environmental issues. Hence, the use of aggregate from alternate sources such as from waste discarded glass, from foundry sand discarded after metal casting process and sea shells is investigated. Compressive strength of concrete with glass powder, foundry sand and sea shell is studied individually. Concrete is cast with glass powder and foundry sand as 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% replacement of fine aggregate and with sea shell as 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% replacement of coarse aggregate individually. It is observed that compressive strength of concrete decreases with glass powder, foundry sand, and sea shell. Fine aggregate replaced by 10% glass powder, 10%, foundry sand and coarse aggregate replaced by 10% sea shell have the least decrease in strength when compared to control concrete mix.


Jack Miner is an unusual figure from the Canadian past. Considered the "best hunter in Canada" early in this century. Miner experienced a series of tragic personal events which transformed him into a respected conservationist known throughout the Western world during the '20s and '30s. The focus of his renown was the elaborate bird sanctuary for migrating geese which he established on his property in Kingsville, near Windsor, Ontario. Starting with a few pet birds. Miner eventually lured huge flocks of geese to touch down on bis property during their biannual migration. There, he provided food and proceeded to tag thousands of the birds with aluminum bands inscribed with biblical verse, making them "missionaries of the air." This practice attracted world-wide acclaim during the '20s, enticing thou' sands of tourists to visit the sanctuary daily. It became the "in" spot to visit, and Miner was befriended by such lumi'naries as Thomas Edison, Henry Ford •and Ty Cobb.


A case study of the public finances of the urban government of Jakarta is presented as part of an analytic and informational base that will increase consistency and confidence levels in decision making. The study provides: 1) an understanding of the operation of the finance system in Jakarta; 2) a format for describing and analyzing this system; 3) a menu of the major problems facing the government of Jakarta; and 4) data that may be used to establish comparative norms against which aspects of performance or problem severity may be evaluated. There is significant overlapping in fiscal responsibility between the national and local government. Expenditures from 1967 to 1973 have followed an erratic path, with the central government contributing a decreasing amount of assistance in the form of a basic subsidy. If Jakarta is to finance the urban infrastructure that the city continues to sorely lack, increasing reliance will have to be placed on property tax revenues unless national government assistance increases. Statistical tables and figures are provided.


A coworker teased me a few months ago, describing requirements engineering (RE) as "plumbing," something he absolutely considered functional, even necessary, but otherwise best not discussed in polite conversation. I responded with a graphically descriptive suggestion of what one might experience with a plumbing failure. I then drew parallels to a situation where a team's excellent execution of their standard requirements practice proved insufficient for the complex circumstances of their newest program. Although they'd laid the pipes as intended with the tools and practices with which they were proficient, this "new construction" had different needs.


Parallel mechanism with six degrees of freedom for micro-positioning tasks: a movable platform disposed in an upper position, wherein a multi-axle ball and socket joint is attached to a center part of the movable platform; a bottom platform which is arranged in a lower position; a plurality of outer connecting members, which connect the movable platform with the bottom platform; and a plurality of internal links that connect the multi-axis ball joint of the movable platform with the bottom platform.


Orange Farm - Maggie Jongi and her young daughter wave goodbye to Emma Thompson after she visited her at her home and interviewed her about her HIV Status.


In sliding friction experiments, performed with lubricated concentrated contacts macroscopically operating in the lubricants' liquid-state regime, the existence of micro-EHL has been shown. With the measuring method used, the lubricants' limiting shear stress τ 1 or the ratio of the limiting shear stress with pressure, τ 1 /p, can easily be obtained.


SUCH WAS THE VIEW in 1871 of a Montana editor toward the latest immigrants, the Chinese. His attitude was shared by many non-Asians in the United States during the nineteenth century, and it had been commonplace since the arrival of the first Chinese. The Chinese began migrating to the U.S. in the 1840s during the California gold rush. Economic motives apparently prompted most to take the voyage, although a significant number in later periods came to the New World under duress. Population data available. from the U.S. census indicate that the Chinese increased rapidly until 1890, the first count following enactment of national exclusionary legislation in 1882. The Chinese had never constituted more than 0.2 percent of the total population of the U.S., but their economic impact was considerably more significant than mere numbers indicate. Almost all were adult males who were concentrated in the West, especially in California and the Pacific Northwest (Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana,


It is a well known fact that team work is the foundation for enhancing the overall performance of an organization. Currently, organizations worldwide are striving to improve the effectiveness of their teams so as to compete globally. This study tries to examine the effects of teamwork on organizational performance. Several measures of team performance were analyzed including team effectiveness, team members' commitment and team based organization structure. Besides, the study focuses on the role of team work on improving organizational effectiveness. After re-visiting extensive review of literature, the study has been found that the effects of teamwork on organizational performance were not well examined in-depth manner. Lastly, the review suggests future study areas that prospective researchers should concentrate to come up with well established findings to address the limitation of the previous studies.


Eventually, you will extremely discover a supplementary experience and endowment by spending more cash. nevertheless when? do you agree to that you require to acquire those all needs like having significantly cash? Why don't you try to acquire something basic in the beginning? That's something that will lead you to comprehend even more with reference to the globe, experience, some places, gone history, amusement, and a lot more?


Purpose – In this paper, the influence of cutting regimes on surface texture and productivity of cylinder liner is shown, obtained by normal honing. Furthermore, normal honing power and torque is discussed. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Normal honing was done on grey cast iron cylinder liners. Both pre- and finishing honing were done by mechanical means, to achieve the required level of surface texture quality, traditionally achieved by a combination of electrochemical pre-honing and mechanical finishing honing. To determine the most influential parameter on normal honing, statistical mathematical model was devised. Surface texture was controlled by light microscope and scanning electron microscope. Findings – Mathematical model describing the influence of cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut has shown that the most influential parameter on maximum peak height, productivity and specific volume productivity was shown. The most influential parameter has shown to ...


A 24-hour exchange market was created on the Web to trade political futures contracts using fictitious money. In this online market, a political futures contract is a futures contract which matures on the election day with a liquidation price determined by the percentage of votes a candidate receives on the election day. Continuous double auctions were implemented as the system for order storage and price discovery. We drew market participants in the form of tournaments in which top traders won cash awards. Such a market was run, with about 400 registered traders, during the U.S. presidential election in November 2004 and Taiwan parliamentary election in December 2004. The experiments recorded transaction price, highest bid, lowest ask, and trading volume of each contract as a function of time. Despite the relatively small scale of the exchange, in terms of the number of participants and duration of the tournament, we report evidence for asymptotic power-law behaviors of the distributions of price returns, trading volumes, inter-transaction time intervals, and accumulated wealth that were found universal in real financial markets.


The Liverpool Telescope will be a fully robotic 2 m telescope situated in La Palma and managed from Liverpool John Moores University. The data flows between the robotic components of the telescope are discussed and the functionality of those components described. We pay particular attention to the design of the telescope scheduler. Using simulations we show that a relatively simple dispatch scheduler may be tuned to produce a schedule that has acceptable trade-offs between conflicting scheduling criteria.


Tomographic particle image velocimetry and proper orthogonal decomposition are used to investigate the three-dimensional instantaneous flow organization of an incident shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction at Mach 2.1. The results show that the incoming boundary layer contains largescale coherent motions, in the form of streamwise-elongated regions of low- and high-speed fluid, similar to what has been observed in incompressible turbulent boundary layers. The instantaneous reflected shock foot pattern appears to respond to these regions as they enter the interaction, conforming to the lowand high-speed regions. Its behaviour can be qualitatively decomposed into two types of patterns: an overall streamwise translation and a spanwise rippling. These observations are substantiated by the global eigenmodes of the proper orthogonal decomposition, which contain subspace representations of this phenomenology.


This research is a classroom action research whose subjects are class VII F students of SMPN 3 Makassar who assess 24 people. The object of research is the ability to write short stories by applying the participatory method. The aim of this study is to improve the students' ability to write short stories. The research steps including planning, implementing, observing, evaluating, and reflecting were carried out in two cycles. Data collection was carried out by using test techniques and non-test techniques. The test technique was used to measure the students' ability to write short stories after each cycle was carried out. Meanwhile, non-test techniques in the form of observation or observation are used to collect qualitative information during the cycle. Data analysis used proportional statistical techniques supported by qualitative descriptions. The results of the study proved that the short story writing skills of VII F students of SMPN 3 Makassar experienced a significant increase after learning to write short stories using a participatory approach in two cycles. This is evidenced by the average results, the mean value, the value that often appears, and the maximum value on the pre-action test, cycle I, cycle II, proving an increase in improvement. Thus, it can be denied that the participatory method is effectively used to improve learning outcomes in writing short stories for class VII F students of SMPN 3 Makassar.


This paper introduces a generalized way of defining languages of infinite words by topological means. It focuses on languages generated by iterating morphisms on free semi-groups (also called substitutions or D0L-systems). The main result is an effective construction of the boundary of such languages which leads to a bijective mapping of the boundary onto a regular language. Among the obtained properties are the uncountability of the boundary and the strict quasiperiodicity of its words. We also investigate the decidability of the boundary equality problem and the dynamical system induced by the inversed morphism.


Under the above title the writer published a paper (Urey, 1955)1 in which an incorrect assumption was made. It is the purpose of this note to call attention to this and to make what appears at the present time to be a correct, or more nearly correct, solution of the problem. The problem of the amounts of the radioactive elements potassium, uranium, and thorium has been a troublesome one for many years. The abundance of potassium in the meteorites has been solved satisfactorily only very recently (Ahrens, Pinson, and Kearns, 1952; Edwards, 1955; Edwards and Urey, 1955).2 The amounts of potassium in the chondritic meteorites is remarkably constant, and the assumption that the chondritic meteorites give a reasonable sample of "cosmic" and "solar" nonvolatile matter proves to be a very reasonable hypothesis (Suess and Urey, 1956).3 An average of Edwards' results, which are the most extensive and appear to be the most reliable, gives about 823 p.p.m. of potassium. This is slightly less than the 880 p.p.m. used previously. The achondrites contain less potassium than the chondrites, and some weight should be given to them. The uncertainty in the datum is surely greater than the difference in these two values. A very great variability in the analytical data for uranium in chondritic meteorites exists in the literature. Davis (1950)4 determined uranium in the Shaw and Cumberland achondrites as 4.8 and 1.0 X 10-8 gm/gm, respectively. However, the chemical composition of achondrites is very variable, and the mean uranium content of solar matter cannot be deduced from these data. Tilton (1951)5 found 1.1 X 10-8 gm/gm in the Modoc chondrite, but both he and his co-workers have been far from confident that the result was reliable. Very sensitive procedures have been developed by Chackett and co-workers (1950),6 and these have been applied to the Beddgelert chondrite. The uranium and thorium contents were reported as 0.106 and 0.335 X 10-8 gm/gm, respectively. These values were secured by averaging their results using approximately 17 per cent of metal by weight. Patterson (1955)7 has isolated lead from the iron meteorites Canyon Diablo and Henbury and from the Modoc and Forest City chondrites and has determined their isotopic compositions and the amounts of


We show how to construct discrete-time quantum walks on directed, Eulerian graphs. These graphs have tails on which the particle making the walk propagates freely, and this makes it possible to analyze the walks in terms of scattering theory. The probability of entering a graph from one tail and leaving from another can be found from the scattering matrix of the graph. We show how the scattering matrix of a graph that is an automorphic image of the original is related to the scattering matrix of the original graph, and we show how the scattering matrix of the reverse graph is related to that of the original graph. Modifications of graphs and the effects of these modifications are then considered. In particular we show how the scattering matrix of a graph is changed if we remove two tails and replace them with an edge or cut an edge and add two tails. This allows us to combine graphs, that is if we connect two graphs we can construct the scattering matrix of the combined graph from those of its parts. Finally, using these techniques, we show how two graphs can be compared by constructing a larger graph in which the two original graphs are in parallel, and performing a quantum walk on the larger graph. This is a kind of quantum walk interferometry.


Cortisone inhibits fasting and certain other types of ketosis while oxycel corticotropin stimulates ketosis in both the fasted and fed rat, presumably by an extra-adrenal mechanism. Pretreatment of rats with 5 mg. of cortisone acetate daily for two or five days prevented the ketosis observed with a subsequent 24-hour fast as well as that following 3½ hours of Nembutal anesthesia, but did not modify the ketosis consequent to an injection of oxycel cortico-tropin. Since the cortisone treated animals presumably had ample liver glycogen stores it is concluded that the ketogenic action of corticotropin must be fundamental to either ketone production or utilization rather than secondary to some primary alteration in carbohydrate metabolism.


Local governments play important roles in the lives of European citizens by providing social services and acting as democratic focal points. These roles are increasingly shaped by European laws and policies, for example through the award of Regional Development Funds and the development of EU Urban Agenda. Member States consider the legal form and status of local governments to be part of their exclusive sphere of competence. This chapter investigates how local governments' dependence on the Member States for their place in Europe jeopardizes the legitimation of governance in the EU by maintaining an artificial division between the national and EU's spheres of influence.


Abstract The objective of this paper is to stress that the size of a Linear Fractional Representation (LFR) significantly depends on the way tabulated or irrational data are approximated during the modeling process. It is notably shown that rational approximants can result in much smaller LFR than polynomial ones. In this context, a new method is introduced to generate sparse rational models, which avoid data overfitting and lead to simple yet accurate LFR. This method builds a parsimonious model based on neural networks, and then translates the result into a fractional form. A stepwise selection algorithm is used, combining the benefits of forward orthogonal least squares to estimate the regression parameters with a new powerful global optimization to determine the best location of the regressors. The proposed method is evaluated on an aeronautical example and successfully compared to more classical approaches.


A 7-year-old male, black Labrador Retriever dog had a shifting leg lameness and reduced exercise tolerance for 2 to 3 days. Because of marked splenomegaly a splenectomy was done. The spleen was turgid with round edges and weighed about 4.5 kilograms. Tissue was mottled blue-grey and the cut surface bulged. Lymphoid follicles were not obvious. Ten days after surgery the dog was weak, anorectic and anaemic. The dog was killed and necropsied 3 hours later. The carcass was obese, mucous membranes were blanched, and the blood was watery. The liver was enlarged, mottled brown-red and firm, with sharp notched edges. On section, there were pale tracts about portal triads and darker centrilobular areas. Firm raised irregularly-shaped pink-yellow plaques, 1 to 3 centimeters in diameter, were on the anti-mesenteric serosal surface of the ileum and large intestine. The lesions extended through the serosa into the tunica muscularis and mucosa. Mesenteric, bronchial and peripheral lymph nodes were enlarged, firm, tan-yellow and had no corticomedullary differentiation. The renal capsules adhered to the surfaces of the kidneys, leaving focal pits and depressions when removed. The medulla was congested and pale linear streaks extended through the cortex into the medulla. Glomeruli were prominent. The lungs were congested. The left ventricle of the heart was dilated and the left atrioventricular valves were thickened. Bone marrow was grey-tan. Formalin fixed parts of liver, intestine and mesentery were processed for electron microscopy. With light microscopy there was massive infiltration of most body tissues, especially spleen, bone marrow, lymph nodes, palatine tonsils (fig. l), Peyer's patches and liver, by macrophages with ovoid large open nuclei, a prominent single nucleolus and copious, finely granular to foamy, grey, cytoplasm. The cytoplasm contained many acid-fast bacilli. Macrophages and bacilli were found free in the efferent lymphatics and sinuses of the tonsils, in subpleural and perivascular lymphatics of the lung, under the endothelium of vessels, within sinusoids and in subcapsular, periacinar (fig. 2), and periportal areas of the liver. They were found occasionally along capillaries in the adrenal and in subcapsular accumulations in the kidneys. The plaques along the intestine contained masses of bacilliladen macrophages extending from the serosa through the tunica muscularis, submucosa and lamina propria. Many plasma cells were in the lamina propria. Peyer's patches of the ileum and lymphoid follicles of the large intestine were most severely affected. Perivascular cuffing by mononuclear cells and lymphocytes was evident throughout the brain, the leptomeninges and spinal cord. A few glial nodules were randomly distributed throughout the cerebrum, usually associated with blood vessels. Only a few acid-fast bacilli were found free or within mononuclear cells in brain and cord. Electron microscopy showed many bacilli, from 1.1 to 1.3 X 0.2 to 0.5 micrometers, within cytoplasmic vacuoles in macrophages (fig. 3).


The Layered and Extensible Aircraft Performance System (LEAPS) is a new aircraft analysis tool being developed by members of the Aeronautics Systems Analysis Branch (ASAB) and the Vehicle Analysis Branch (VAB) at NASA Langley Research Center. LEAPS will enable the analysis of advanced aircraft concepts and architectures that include electric and hybrid-electric propulsion systems. The development of LEAPS is motivated by the analysis gaps found in traditional aircraft analysis tools such as the Flight Optimization System (FLOPS). FLOPS has been the tool of choice of the ASAB for over 30 years and has proven to be a reliable analysis tool for conventional aircraft. However, FLOPS is not suitable to analyze the current unconventional vehicles that are of interest to industry, government agencies, and academia. In contrast, LEAPS is being developed with a flexible architecture that leverages new analysis methodologies that will enable the analysis of unconventional aircraft. This paper presents the first complete working version of LEAPS by showing the analysis of a set of vehicles that include fuel-based and hybrid-electric conceptual aircraft.


Background: Cytoplasmic chaperones deliver Cu+ to P1B-ATPases for outward transport. Results: Alterations of an invariant electropositive platform, metal ligating residues on the ATPase, and electronegative surface of the chaperone abolish Cu+ transference. Conclusion: Electrostatics drives Cu+ chaperone/ATPase platform interaction. Ligand exchange by carboxyl and thiol groups enable Cu+ release from the chaperone. Significance: The mechanism of transition metal access to transmembrane transport sites is described. Cu+-ATPases are membrane proteins that couple the hydrolysis of ATP to the efflux of cytoplasmic Cu+. In cells, soluble chaperone proteins bind and distribute cytoplasmic Cu+, delivering the ion to the transmembrane metal-binding sites in the ATPase. The structure of Legionella pneumophila Cu+-ATPase (Gourdon, P., Liu, X. Y., Skjørringe, T., Morth, J. P., Møller, L. B., Pedersen, B. P., and Nissen, P. (2011) Nature 475, 59–64) shows that a kinked transmembrane segment forms a "platform" exposed to the cytoplasm. In addition, neighboring invariant Met, Asp, and Glu are located at the "entrance" of the ion path. Mutations of amino acids in these regions of the Archaeoglobus fulgidus Cu+-ATPase CopA do not affect ATPase activity in the presence of Cu+ free in solution. However, Cu+ bound to the corresponding chaperone (CopZ) could not activate the mutated ATPases, and in parallel experiments, CopZ was unable to transfer Cu+ to CopA. Furthermore, mutation of a specific electronegative patch on the CopZ surface abolishes the ATPase activation and Cu+ transference, indicating that the region is required for the CopZ-CopA interaction. Moreover, the data suggest that the interaction is driven by the complementation of the electropositive platform in the ATPase and the electronegative Cu+ chaperone. This docking likely places the Cu+ proximal to the conserved carboxyl and thiol groups in the entrance site that induce metal release from the chaperone via ligand exchange. The initial interaction of Cu+ with the pump is transient because Cu+ is transferred from the entrance site to transmembrane metal-binding sites involved in transmembrane translocation.


ABSTRACTIntroduction: Sedentary life style had become one of factors causing health problem for someone in general. To avoid that condition we could apply some exercises regularly. Exercise can improve concentration, memory, and intellectuals. The sports enjoyed today are Plyometrics and Aerobics. Both sports proved beneficial in improving cognitive function, including concentration. The purpose of this study is to find out comparison between Plyometric and Aerobic towards concentration level.Methods: This research applied quasi-experimental study with pre and post-test design. There were subjects divided into three groups were control group, Plyometrics group and Aerobics group. Medical students of Diponegoro University were taken as subjects of the research which consist 39 males. Intervention is given for 6 weeks. Each week consists of two meetings. The indicator of this research focused on concentration level measured by using Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), measured before and after 6 weeks exercise. Statistical analysis of this study using Paired t-test.Results: There was a significant difference in concentration measurement results between treatment and control groups (p=0.00). Treatment group concentration scores improved better than control group. The DSST score on Plyometrics exercises was 60.00±5.08 and after intervention to 78.00±2.30. The DSST score on Aerobic exercises was 58.76±4.88 and after intervention to 63.07±5.88. Plyometrics exercises are shown to have better effects in increased concentration compared to Aerobic exercises.Conclusion Plyometric and Aerobic exercise were able to enhance concentration level with the highest result achieved by Plyometric group.


The ATLAS and CMS detectors each accumulated data with an an integrated luminosity of 140 fb−1, during the LHC Run-II from 2015 to 2018. This large amount of data provides a foundation to study the physics of the heaviest elementary particles, such as the Higgs boson and the top quark, with unprecedented precision. Additionally, these studies provided the opportunity to search for physics beyond the standard model (BSM), that may reveal itself in modifications of the top quark couplings. There is still a lot of room for new discoveries: tVV processes consist of a single top quark and two heavy vector bosons and have not been observed yet. With the upcoming LHC Run-III between 2021 and 2024, the size of the data sets will double to an integrated luminosity of about 300 fb−1. This large amount of data might be enough to observe specific tVV processes and study their sensitivity to BSM phenomena. Among the tVV processes, tWZ is the most promising candidate for a LHC Run-III cross section measurement. It is possible to discriminate the process from its main backgrounds using dedicated event selections and by separating off the leading backgrounds with a multivariate classifier (MVA). The results of the MVA were used to obtain the cross section and the associated uncertainties. Furthermore, the tWZ process is sensitive to many BSM effects in the electroweak sector, which are parametrized in the context of SM effective field theory by Wilson coefficients of operators with mass dimension 6. Such operators affect the top quark couplings and the tWZ cross section measurements thus constrain many of the Wilson coefficients in novel ways. In this thesis I present the feasibility of the cross section measurement of the tVV processes at the LHC Run-III with data from the CMS experiment and present the projected sensitivity to anomalous top quark couplings. iii D ie a pp ro bi er te g ed ru ck te O rig in al ve rs io n di es er D ip lo m ar be it is t a n de r T U W ie n B ib lio th ek v er fü gb ar . T he a pp ro ve d or ig in al v er si on o f t hi s th es is is a va ila bl e in p rin t a t T U W ie n B ib lio th ek .


The Museum of Anthropology at Berkeley has a collection of recordings dating from 1902 to the present. It includes some 2700 cylinder, disc , wire, and magnetic tape recordings of dances, music, and spoken texts, principally of the western North American Indians. Among those whose field work is represented a r e Samuel A. Barret t , Edward W. Gifford, Pliny E. Goddard, and Alfred L. Kroeber.


Expanding the repertoire of controlled radical fluorination techniques, we present a photosensitized unstrained C–C bond activation/directed monofluorination method using Selectfluor and 9-fluorenone. The reaction is amenable to the opening of multiple 1-acetal-2-aryl substituted rings to yield u-fluoro carboxylic acids, esters, alcohols, and ketones with relative ease. Initial mechanistic insight suggests radical ion intermediates.


Summary Lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus lactis NZ9000, Lactococcus lactis MG1363, Lactobacillus plantarum I-UL4 and Lactobacillus johnsonii DSM 20553) have been screened for their ability to produce folate intracellularly and/or extracellularly. L. plantarum I-UL4 was shown to be superior producer of folate compared to other strains. Statistically based experimental designs were used to optimize the medium formulation for the growth of L. plantarum I-UL4 and folate biosynthesis. The optimal values of important factors were determined by response surface methodology (RSM). The effects of carbon sources, nitrogen sources and para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) concentrations on folate biosynthesis were determined prior to RSM study. The biosynthesis of folate by L. plantarum I-UL4 increased from 36.36 to 60.39 mg/L using the optimized medium formulation compared to the selective Man de Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) medium. Conditions for the optimal growth of L. plantarum I-UL4 and folate biosynthesis as suggested by RSM were as follows: lactose 20 g/L, meat extract 16.57 g/L and PABA 10 mM.


• Privacy: Regulations such as GDPR require much stronger security for personal data, and that system owners must delete all personal data on a user's request. • Access control complexity: Modern access control often uses rules that depend on data from sources outside the organization, requiring high performance networks with data integrity guarantees. • "Internet of Things" and ubiquitous sensor nodes: Data sources can include building sensors, smart watches, medical sensors, and many other sensor types.


The impediment of the train of thought in solving problems is commonly seen, and we should teach our students to rack their brains, probe, and bring forth new ideas instead of restarting from the very beginning at the time of impediment.


ABSTRACT Whereas traditional ballet classes have been seen as authoritarian and patriarchal in the past, the recent shift toward more feminist and democratic teaching and learning styles within the context of higher education allows for new ways of learning and teaching to emerge. To contribute to the discussion surrounding alternative ways of learning and teaching, a somatic imagery intervention was used as a tool to support a more democratic way of teaching ballet. Through the development and employment of such a tool in an undergraduate ballet technique class, findings indicated that it was successful in improving students' approach to movement and engagement in the process of learning ballet.This research takes place within a UK higher education (HE) institution that offers, as one program of study, an undergraduate degree in ballet education. The purpose of the degree is to train ballet students to become ballet teachers in a world where pedagogical aims and desires are continually shifting.


The gas phase acidity of the complex superacid HBF4 and the interaction of BF3 with HF as well as the F- detachment from BF4- have been calculated ab initio using high accuracy energy models [CBS-4, CBS-Q, CBS-QB3, G1, G2(MP2) and G2] as well as the density functional B3LYP formalism. All methods but CBS-4 and G1 provide practically equal acidity data for the gas phase and one may recommend 288-289 kcal mol-1 for the Gibbs free energy and 291-292 kcal mol-1 for the corresponding enthalpy at 298 K. The complex HF-BF3 is unstable in vacuo as the Gibbs free energy of decomposition into HF and BF3 is predicted to be between -3.6 and -4.6 kcal mol-1 depending on the method used. The conjugated base BF4- is stable with respect to fluoride ion detachment. We recommend 81-82 kcal mol-1 and 72-73 kcal mol-1 for the enthalpy and the Gibbs free energy, respectively.


The efficiencies of the F center formation, η F , and of the intrinsic luminescence, η L , in KCl and KBr crystals have been studied under the irradiation of a pulsed electron beam at temperatures mainly below 4.2 K. η F at 1.7 K was about 1/5 of that at 4.2 K, while η L was almost a constant value down to 1.7 K, suggesting no change of the efficiency of the V k type relaxation of the self trapped hole. The decrease of η F follows an Arrhenius' equation with a thermal activation energy of ∼2 meV and ∼1 meV in KCl and KBr crystals, respectively. A tentative mechanism of the F center formation is discussed.


An increasing number of people in various regions of the globe are worried about contracting an illness caused by bacteria. It has been observed that the number of antimicrobial agents has reduced significantly since the early 1990s. But at the same time, new molecular mechanisms have been rapidly emerging, increasing the proportion of bacteria that are resistant to some of these drugs. These reasons explain why there is a surge in research into characterizing the hemodynamic and antimicrobial activity functioning of extracts of medicinal plants. Advanced medicine advancements there in the treatment of a wide range of disorders are likely to have contributed to this heightened curiosity. Mint (Mentha sp. ), additional plant species from which plant oils are derived, is widely used as a flavor enhancer in cosmetics, medicinal medications, food (such as candies and gum), and liqueur across the globe. Plant oils are now extracted from a variety of plant materials, and mint is one among them. Mint for essential oil is gathered from both the leaves and the stems of the plant. And there are about 25 different species of kinds of large herbaceous flowering Mentha, which is part of the family Labiatae.


A parallel, unsteady, multiblock, compressible, viscous flow solver has been developed that can be applied to a variety of internal and external turbomachinery configurations. An existing sequential flow solver has been modified to introduce concurrency by domain decomposition and decoupling of interface conditions between subdomains. The parallel solver has been validated by comparing parallel solutions with the results obtained from the sequential solver. The parallel solver is used to simulate a compressor instability that was not feasible on a single processor because of long runtimes. A complete 360$\sp\circ$ three-dimensional simulation of distortion-induced compressor stall has been performed for a high speed axial compressor rotor, Rotor67. The flow in the entire twenty-two blade Rotor67 configuration was simulated on twenty-two processors. A careful study was performed to select the time step size and the number of Newton iterations per time step, to ensure a time-accurate stall solution. A modified convergence criteria is suggested, which gives an improved indication of the level of convergence of the Newton iterations at each time step for this test case. A 180$\sp\circ$ circumferential distortion in total pressure was introduced at the inlet, and the effect of the distortion on the rotor flow field was studied at two operating points on the Rotor67 operating curve. A short length-scale stall cell, spanning multiple blade passages and confined to a region close to the blade tip, was found at stall inception for both operating points. This short length-scale stall cell was found to propagate in the direction of rotation of the rotor at about 76% of the rotor speed. The nature of stall propagation and the observed features of the stall process were found to be consistent with experimental observations.


This document provides the results of the microbiological characteristics on the process of transformation and processing of sugar in the Ingenio Risaralda SA, where were sampled and analyzed in-process (cane juice, intermediate products such as cane syrup, pastries, honey, liqueurs) finishing products and process waters by identifying and quantifying the presence of aerobic mesophilic bacteria, coliforms, E. coli., fungi and yeasts with which demonstrate the microbiological
behavior during the production process. The results obtained during this characterization demonstrate the effectiveness of the process in the elimination or reduction of the initial microbial load thus ensuring the delivery of finished products to generate tranquility Safer customers both Family and Industrial, just as this study confirms that the degree FDA (Food and Drug Administration) has given the sugar as food GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) type due to low microbiological risk posed by their use and consumption.


Constructal design is used to study heat removal from a square heated body with a tree shaped high thermal conductivity pathways which are embedded in the body. The objective is to minimize the defined maximum dimensionless temperature difference for the body. The thermal conductivity of the body is low, and there is a uniform heat generation on it. The volume of the body is fixed. The amount of high conductivity material for building the pathways are also fixed, but their length and diameter are variable. The effect of parameters such as the angle among the pathways, number of pathways, thermal conductivity coefficient, dimensionless area fraction and different length ratios are investigated. The results show that by optimizing the angle among the pathways, the operation of them improves up to %12. By increasing the number of blades, dimensionless temperature difference decreases, but the best heat removal achieves when the pathways place along the direction of the diagonal of the square body, because, as the simulations show, the maximum temperature in the body occurs at the corners of the square.


give with any great statistical detail, a picture of the health of our community. Nor, in a book intended for a wide public, is it desirable. Mr. Aleck Bourne, in Health of the Future, has done something of infinitely greater value. He has examined the very foundation of his subject, and established an attitude of mind towards it which, if generally accepted and understood, would do much to bring us nearer to a sane and constructive solution of the whole problem of health and disease. He finds his " causa causarum ", the root of all ills, in that form of social organization which permits poverty to exist. Under present conditions, " the good life " is


Designing a human-machine interface for a mobile semi-autonomous multi-robot system is a challenging task. The requirements range from operating in a real time environment, facilitating asynchronous command execution to supporting the operator in dividing his monitoring and control resources among multiple robots. The experiment presented in this paper is the first in our effort to develop a human-multi-robot system. Its aim is to provide empirical data enabling us to measure the effectiveness of the interface in order to support design decisions as the development is progressing. Additional data is gathered to explore how effective operators can manage multiple independently acting mobile robots simultaneously. The central task of this simulation based experiment is to navigate the robots to various "inspection points" to perform an "inspection". This task is performed by a single operator with 2, 4, and 8 robots in two different environments.


The Sao Paulo State Rabies Control Program, coordinated by the Pasteur Institute of Sao Paulo, has been involved in endeavors to improve the epidemiological surveillance of rabies in dogs, cats and bats, particularly in urban areas. Since 1998, when the last case of canine rabies due to antigenic variant 2 occurred in the state, the Institute has received 66,352 canine central nervous system samples, 17,796 samples from cats and 38,133 from bat specimens. Using conventional techniques for rabies diagnosis, 11 dogs, 8 cats and 554 bats were found to be positive for this disease. When molecular techniques, such as antigenic typing and genetic sequencing, were used, antigenic variant 3, which is associated with Desmodus rotundus, was detected in 11 dogs and 7 cats; this variant has also been identified in bat species from the genus Artibeus spp., which has synanthropic habits. Only one cat was positive for variant 4, which is associated with Tadarida brasiliensis. It should be noted that the signs and symptoms of cats and dogs infected by rabies variants associated with bats were quite different from those in dogs infected with variants associated with dogs (variants 1 and 2). In general, symptoms were atypical, the most common clinical picture being that of paralysis and hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, and cases were nearly always isolated. Positive samples from cats and dogs frequently came from animals that had been run over and died. These findings show the importance of maintaining active epidemiological surveillance of cats and dogs and of sending samples for rabies diagnosis, particularly in regions where rabies is known to occur in urban areas.


Most of the schools in Brazil have currently small schoolyards, generally cemented andunattractive. This proposal aimed to present, discuss and create alternatives that promoteinterdisciplinary interactions between environment, art, aesthetics and culture as tools to raisesensibility of Environmental Education, through the reconstruction of the schoolyard. The studywas conducted at the school EMEF Maria Ruth Raymundo, Sapiranga/RS. The activities wereconducted in eight stages between april and may of 2010. The results of this proposal have beenpositive, since they fostered discussion, reflection and action on environmental issues. It was evident the participation of art in awareness of environmental issues, fleeing the fatalistic andthreatening language so commonly addressed in this subject.


This paper investigates the reasons why investment firms file for confidential treatment. In contrast with the conventional thinking that confidential treatment is mainly used to hide profitable private trading information, which will reveal itself as time passes, we find that there are other reasons that firms file for confidential treatment. We found that firms with bad past performance use confidential treatment to hide their bad performing stocks. There is no obvious profitable trading information in general confidential treatment holdings. It is due to the fact that firms use confidential treatment to hide liquidating activities that have no fundamental information content. Liquidating positions, together with bad performing stocks, served as noises that concealed the profitable private information in confidential treatment holdings. By recognizing the complication in reported confidential treatment holdings, we are able to extract profitable trading information. We also found evidence that short term, sophisticated firms are more likely to use confidential treatments.


We used multiple regression models to assess the influence of disease stage at diagnosis on the 5‐year relative survival of 4,478 patients diagnosed with breast cancer in 1990–1992. The cases were representative samples from 17 population‐based cancer registries in 6 European countries (Estonia, France, Italy, Netherlands, Spain and UK) that were combined into 9 regional groups based on similar survival. Five‐year relative survival was 79% overall, varying from 98% for early, node‐negative (T1N0M0) tumours; 87% for large, node‐negative (T2‐3N0M0) tumours; 76% for node‐positive (T1‐3N+M0) tumours and 55% for locally advanced (T4NxM0) tumours to 18% for metastatic (M1) tumours and 69% for tumours of unspecified stage. There was considerable variation across Europe in relative survival within each disease stage, but this was least marked for early node‐negative tumours. Overall 5‐year relative survival was highest in the French group of Bas‐Rhin, Côte d'Or, Hérault and Isère (86%), and lowest in Estonia (66%). These geographic groups were characterised by the highest and lowest percentages of women with early stage disease (T1N0M0: 39% and 9%, respectively). The French, Dutch and Italian groups had the highest percentage of operated cases. The number of axillary nodes examined, a factor influencing nodal status, was highest in Italy and Spain. After adjusting for TNM stage and the number of nodes examined, survival differences were greatly reduced, indicating that for these women, diagnosed with breast cancer in Europe during 1990–1992, the survival differences were mainly due to differences in stage at diagnosis. However, in 3 regional groups, the relative risks of death remained high even after these adjustments, suggesting less than optimal treatment. Screening for breast cancer did not seem to affect the survival patterns once stage had been taken into account. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


In this review, self-mixing interferometry (SMI), a new configuration of interferometry, is discussed. SMI has practical advantages compared to standard interferometry, for example SMI does not require any optical part external to the laser chip and can be employed in a variety of measurements. Applications range from the traditional measurements related to optical path- length - like displacement, small-amplitude vibrations, velocity - to sensing of weak optical echoes - for return loss and isolation factor measurements, CD readout and scroll sensing - and also, a special feature because of the interaction with the medium, measurements of physical parameters, like the laser linewidth, coherence length, and the alfa factor. Because it is also a coher- ent detection scheme, the SMI works close to the quantum limit of the received field, typically 90 dBm, so that minimum de- tectable amplitudes of 100 pm/ Hz are currently achieved upon operation on diffusive targets, whereas a corner cube allows half-wavelength counting mode - or 0.5 μm resolution - on a dynamic range up to 2 m and more. With its compact setup, the SMI is easy to deploy in the field and can interface a variety of experiments - from MEMS testing to rotating machines vibration testing to pickup of biological motility. The illustration shows a double-channel, differential SMI incorporated in a thermome- chanical test equipment to trace the mechanical hysteresis cycle of the beads of a motor-engine brake.


The effect of magnetic fields on the frequencies of toroidal oscillations of neutron stars is derived to lowest order. We suggest that the fine structure in the quasiperiodic oscillation power spectrum of magnetars following giant flares reported by Strohmayer & Watts is magnetic splitting of degenerate toroidal modes, and we estimate a corresponding crustal magnetic field on the order of 1015 Gauss or more. We suggest that residual m, −m symmetry following such splitting, together with nonaxisymmetric or rotational splitting of the residual symmetry, might allow beating of individual frequency components that is slow enough to be observed.


For the first time, enantiomerically enriched atropoisomeric furans have been accessed using a central-to-axial chirality conversion strategy. Hence, oxidation of the enantioenriched dihydrofuran precursors gave rise to axially chiral furans with high enantiopurities accounting from excellent conversion percentages (cp) in most cases.


The spatial database has the characteristics of massive and distribution.In order to collect information and discover knowledge from the spatial databases,this paper introduced a computing model of spatial data mining based on information grid.Based on the analysis of general principle and approach of spatial data partition,it gave an elementary data partition algorithm specified for the model.Meanwhile,it estimated and analyzed the time performance of the algorithm by simulated experiment.


Tropical cyclone Rossby wave energy dispersion under easterly and westerly vertical shears is investigated in a baroclinic model. In a resting environment, the model simulates a Rossby wave train that has a baroclinic structure with alternating cyclonic‐anticyclonic‐cyclonic (anticyclonic‐cyclonic‐anticyclonic) circulations in the lower (upper) troposphere. A significant asymmetry appears in the wave train development under easterly and westerly vertical shears, that is, an easterly (westerly) shear confines the maximum amplitude of the wave train primarily to the lower (upper) level. It is proposed that the vertical wind shear may impact the Rossby wave train development through both the barotropic‐baroclinic mode coupling and the modulation of the group velocity by the mean flow through a "Doppler shift effect". Additional experiments with uniform westerly and easterly mean flows confirm the hypothesis. The enhancement of the Rossby wave train in the lower level by the easterly shear may have an important implication for understanding the tropical cyclogenesis and the origin of the synoptic wave trains in the western North Pacific.


The design optimization and practical implementation of actively cooled structural panel concepts was investigated. The desired actively cooled structural panel consisted of the cooled skin and a substructure. The primary load carrying components were fabricated from 2024-T3 aliminum alloy. The 3003-H14 coolant passage tubing was chosen because of its excellent corrosion resistance, workability needed to obtain the desired cross sectional shape, and strength. The Epon 951 adhesive was selected for its excellent structural properties and is the thinnest of available films, 0.064 mm. The Eccobond 58C silver filled epoxy was chosen because of its high thermal conductivity, and the alumina filled Epon 828 was chosen for structural and expansion characteristics.


Because of the ease in generating transgenic/gene knock out models and accessibility to early stages of embryogenesis, mouse and rat models have become invaluable to studying the mechanisms that underlie human birth defects. To study precisely how structural birth defects arise, Ultrasound, MRI, microCT, Optical Projection Tomography (OPT), Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and histological methods have all been used for imaging mouse/rat embryos. However, of these methods, only OCT enables live, functional imaging with high spatial and temporal resolution. However, one of the major limitations of conventional OCT imaging is the light depth penetration, which limits acquisition of structural information from the whole embryo. Here we introduce new imaging scheme by OCT imaging from different sides of the embryos that extend the depth penetration of OCT to permit high-resolution imaging of 3D and 4D volumes.


Through indoor model test about the pile-grouted,actualized static load test and excavation of observation of the pile,this paper discussed the impaction of the size and solid form and grouting parameters for the characteristics of single pile bearing capacity,analyzed the load transfer characteristics and changes trend of the pile tip resistance,lateral load resistance with the load increased.The result shows that grouting quantity,grouting pressure,perfusion character of stratum are the main factors influencing the solid characters.The composite pile formed by the slurry backwash to the soil around the pile has greater impact on the pile of lateral friction.The more the diameter of the pile expands,the more the side of lateral friction increases.Post-grouting at end of pile changes the bearing characteristic of pile,conventional pile exhibits the character of friction-end bearing pile,the pile of post-grouting at end exhibits the character of end bearing pile.


Complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) are nearing the limits for supply voltage and energy efficiency, motivating the search for alternative technologies. Emerging technologies like resistive memory (ReRAM), magnetoresistive memory (MRAM), phase change memory (PCRAM), and ferroelectric memory (FeRAM) offer scalable alternatives to CMOS, but are limited in either reliability, threshold voltage, or power consumption. Microelectromechanical system (MEMS) relays have gained interest as an energy efficient alternative to solid-state technologies due to the low leakage, abrupt switching, and high on/off ratios associated with mechanical contacts. A wide range of actuation methods are used in MEMS relays including electrostatic attraction, piezoelectric expansion, and thermal expansion. Common to these actuation methods is the use of a flexure to provide constraint or restoring force to overcome contact adhesion. These flexures prevent MEMS relays from scaling to dimensions comparable to CMOS devices.This dissertation focuses on the development of the Phase Change NEMS Relay (PCNR), a novel non-volatile mechanical relay that eliminates the use of flexures and addresses the limited scalability of traditional MEMS relays. Phase change materials like GeTe can support crystalline and amorphous states at room temperature, which differ in material properties. Converting GeTe from the crystalline to amorphous state requires melting and quenching the GeTe. The PCNR is the first device to exploit the large 10 % volume change between the crystalline and amorphous states of GeTe in an actuator for mechanical displacement.The PCNR is fabricated and tested with heater dimensions as small as 1 μm wide by 3 μm long and an air-gap of 20 nm. Actuator expansion is measured to be 26 nm, and switching is demonstrated with on and off times of 300 ns and 600 ns, respectively. On state resistance is measured to be 260 Ω and non-volatility is demonstrated for over 24 hours. Off state leakage is measured as low as 10-14 A. Scaling analysis shows a path towards CMOS comparable device sizes (5 nm wide by 20 nm long heater) as well as lower than CMOS actuation voltage (0.52 V). Actuation energy is predicted to be as low as 1.8 pJ with a 1.8 ns actuation time.


In last decade information security standards became well documented starting with ISO 27001:2005 which defines requirements for a organisation's Information Security Management System (ISMS). Other standards such as ISO 27004:2009, 27003, and 27005 are published later too. Organisational ISMS can be certifies for ISO 27001:2005 certificate and it adopts Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) life cycle of constant system improvements. To be able to improve operations and information security ISO 27004:2009 standard has to be used to create useful Key Performance Indicators (KPI) in order to achieve constant improvements of the ISMS. During phase of maintenance every system needs infrastructure to collect data, analyse data and then to create KPI for constant improvements. In this paper is presented information security measurement infrastructure for KPI visualisation based on practical experience from production system in financial surrounding.


A method for experimentally determining the existence of a loose bolted joint is proposed. An experimental study of the forced vibration response of an aluminum bar with several steel masses attached by bolted connections is described. The bar is soft supported to simulate free-free boundary conditions and is excited by an electrodynamic shaker. The driving force and driving point acceleration are measured. The effect of one or more loose joint(s) is investigated in terms of the dynamic response of the structure. 14 refs., 6 figs.


Algorithm is constructed which models single-file motion of particles interacting with each other and with the surroundings. As an example, we present the results of Brownian Dynamics simulations of the motion of cations moving through a short very narrow channel containing a device called ``gate'', which may open and close the channel.


Set-Based Concurrent Engineering (SBCE) is an element of lean practice in product development (PD), and it is composed of principles to apply it at early phase of a design process. However, executing the principles demands extensive efforts in practice. Thus, a systematic methodology is required to identify and prioritize potential areas (area in this paper is a generic term used to refer to subsystems, components or design factors or parameters a designer is applying SBCE process to explore, communicate and evaluate sets of solutions to satisfy a customer requirement or to solve a particular problem) where SBCE brings its utmost benefits. This paper proposes such a methodology called SBCE Innovation Roadmap (SBCE IR) that is used as a guideline by product designers to begin SBCE processes. A case study on Adiabatic Humidification System (AHS) is discussed to elaborate the application of the methodology in a real product system. Furthermore, by using the roadmap, a rack subsystem is selected to show how to use SBCE IR as an input for SBCE process, and further explore and evaluate innovative design concepts. Finally, an open questionnaire is prepared and interviews are made with experts to assess the advantages, applicability, and limitations of the methodology.


The development and success of Blincyto®, a Bi-Specific T cell Engager (BiTE®), to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia has expanded the class of anticancer immunotherapy agents. BiTE® molecules consist of a single-chain Fc antibody containing tandem single-chain variable fragments (scFv) recognizing the CD3 receptor on T lymphocytes and a tumor-associated antigen and induce redirected T-cell cytotoxicity and tumor cell lysis. Despite the clinically validated efficacy of BiTE® molecules, there has been little elucidation of the parameters governing their in vivo activity. This is due, in part, to a lack of immunocompetent murine tumor models that allow for engagement of endogenous T cells in the context of an intact immune system, which more accurately mimic the human therapeutic setting. We have developed a genetically engineered mouse model (huCD3 mouse) in which a human/mouse chimeric CD3e receptor recognized by BiTE® molecules was engineered into the mouse CD3e genomic locus. Here, we characterize the immune cell distribution of the huCD3 mouse and utilize BiTE® molecules and syngeneic tumor models to elucidate pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and efficacy relationships in vivo. The peripheral B and T cell distribution profile of huCD3 mice and WT littermates are comparable, but T cells isolated from huCD3 mice express lower levels of. In T cell-dependent cytotoxic (TDCC) assays, an anti-huEpCAM BiTE® molecule exhibited similar potency against MC38 mouse cells expressing human EpCAM co-cultured with T cells from the huCD3 mice or a human donor, if mouse T-cells were preactivated in vitro. In vivo, MC38-huEpCAM tumors grew robustly and anti-huEpCAM BiTEÂ treatment resulted in dose-dependent tumor growth inhibition, with several tumor-free animals at higher doses. Flow cytometry analysis of disaggregated tumors and serum cytokine analysis indicated that BiTE® treatment resulted in T-cell activation and a cytokine response at doses that correlate with tumor regression. In vivo studies were also performed using B16F10-huEPCAM cells, which generate tumors with reduced T-cell infiltration compared to MC38-huEpCAM. Additionally, we used WT mice reconstituted with different ratios of huCD3e and WT bone marrow to investigate the T-cell number requirement for optimal BiTE®-mediated efficacy. We also evaluated the efficacy of an anti-mouse CD19 BiTE® molecule against MC38-CD19 tumor cells to compare the requirements for antitumor efficacy versus normal B-cell depletion in the blood and in lymphoid organs. Finally, we performed a rational combination study using BiTE® molecules and a PD1 inhibitor, demonstrating that this combination can lead to the eradication of poorly T cell-infiltrated solid tumors. These data begin to elucidate the in vivo mechanisms regulating the efficacy of BiTE® molecules under physiologically relevant conditions. This abstract is also being presented as Poster A29. Citation Format: Brian Belmontes, Hong Tan, Wendy Zhong, Danny Chui, Kevin Cook, Sarah O9Brien, Melissa Martin, Brandy Alexander, Jason Eng, John Harrold, Famke Aeffner, Matthew Chun, Alice Bakker, Mercedesz Balazs, Jason DeVoss, Angela Coxon, Jude Canon, Jackson Egen, Olivier Nolan-Stevaux. Assessing in vivo mechanisms regulating the therapeutic activity of bi-specific T-cell engager (BiTE®) molecules in immunocompetent mice expressing a chimeric human/mouse CD3e receptor [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2018 Nov 27-30; Miami Beach, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2020;8(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PR12.


A new method of endoscopy utilizing the vaginal route to view the pelvic organs is being used to diagnose pelvic disease. The procedure has been termed culdoscopy. The examination is made in the knee-chest position. The patient receives 30 cc of 1% metycaine and local infiltration of the vaginal vault with 1 cc of 1% novacaine. A self-retaining cervical cannula is screwed into the cervix and flexible tubing attached. A trochar is thrust through the vault of the vagina and enters the cul-de-sac. The culdoscope is then inserted into the pelvic cavity. THe Fallopian tubes ovaries anterior and posterior surfaces of the uterus sigmoid rectum broad ligaments uterosacral ligaments promontory of the sacrum loops of the small bowel and the appendix are plainly visible. Patency of the tubes can be determined. At the end of the examination the duldoscope is removed and the cannula left in position. After abdominal air is expelled the cannula is removed. Many manipulations may be performed after the operator has become familiar with the procedure. Indications for the procedure are: 1) primary and secondary sterility 2) small ovarian disease 3) differential diagnosis of rupture follicle or corpus luteum cysts from ruptured ectopic pregnancy 4) suspected unruptured ectopic pregnancy 5) study and effect of gonadotropins on the ovary and 6) endometriosis. The procedure is invaluable in the diagnosis of pelvic disorders and an improvement over abdominal methods.