Most of the modern electric vehicles (EV's) are not equipped with additional transmission that allows to set a different value of mechanical ratio. The redundancy of multispeed transmission application necessity is a result of very good electric motor (EM) torque speed characteristic. On the other hands, the changeable mechanical ratio allows to adjust in the best way the operational parameters of EM to momentary load on the vehicle wheels. This feature, in consequence, results in total drive efficiency increasing, so in the same time the energy consumption decreasing. The use of multispeed transmission in pure electric drive required its automated operation. There are many kinds of mechanical transmission that may be adopted to electric drive. One of them is Automated Manual Transmission (AMT). The advantage of mentioned transmission is relatively simple construction and way of operation as well as its lower price compared to other transmissions. However, its disadvantage is the EM interrupted operation during gear shifting. This disadvantage can be removed thanks to the proper drive train structure. One of them seems to be dual motor - single shaft drive powertrain. This structure consists of two electric motors and one multispeed transmission. One of EMs is connected to the multispeed transmission input shaft while the second is connected to the multispeed transmission output shaft and then to the final drive. This way of electric motor arrangement in electric drive structure brings together the benefits of multispeed transmission application and the possibility of vehicle propelling during gear shifting. The smooth and seamless operation of electric powertrain during gear shifting requires a proper way of both EMs control. The control strategy for gear shifting will be defined and verified using the computer simulations.


In many previous investigations, the mode I stress intensity factor has been usedalone to analyse and predict the life of cracked cylindrical components. In this article, three-dimensional elastic finite element method was used to analyse semi-elliptical cracks located in the stress concentration area of a nozzle–vessel junction. Stress intensity factors and T-stresses were calculated for different geometrical configurations of a semi-elliptical crack and nozzle–vessel junction under different external loading conditions. The influence of these various parameters and loading conditions on both the stress intensity factors and T-stress is discussed. Itis shown that, for many cases, the mode II stress intensity factor and T-stress are not negligible compared to the mode I stress intensity factor.


In view of the situation that the traditional path planning algorithms have the disadvantages of local optimal solution or the generated path is not smooth, on the one hand, this paper combines Artificial Potential Field with Rapidly Randomexploring Trees to improve the efficiency of path planning and solve the problem of local optimal solution; on the other hand, in order to ensure that the algorithm can be used in vehicle obstacle avoidance, the calculation formula of safe distance to obstacles is modified to make the obstacle avoidance process conform to vehicle driving behavior. At the meanwhile, in the exploring rules of RRT algorithm, vehicle dynamics constraints are added to make the path smooth and meet the maximum steering limit. In addition, driving distance information is added to each node of the path to deal with dynamic obstacles. Finally, the simulation results show that the path planned by this method can guide the vehicle to avoid dynamic obstacles smoothly.


Reviev of chosen methods of analysis and assessment of human eviromental impacts (particularly concerning land use) The human activities in landscape expressed by changes in environmental media, have quantitative and qualitative character. Changes appeared in biotic and abiotic components and synthetically revealed in physionomical and aesthetical landscape values. One of the most important, evident and oldest form of anthropopressure are vegetation changes. The man changed the vegetation for economy to raise or change the biotic productivity potential. So, in many contemporary papers the terms "land use" or "land cover" are uses in place of terms "plant formation" or "community". These categories are not synonymous and in the particular landscape studies the vegetation and land use (or cover) should be analyzed separately. Similarly, the terms "land use" or "land cover" are different, because "cover" is statical, structural category and "use" is dynamical, functional category, concerning human activity in landscape. Therefore "cover" concerning all analyzed terrains, while "use" concerning only areas directly used by man. The core methodical problem is number of land use (cover) classes dependent on particularity of landscape studies and scale of applied maps. Same of these problems disappeared thanks to application of high resolution aerial photographs and satellite images, however a new problems appeared connected with interpretation and transformation of digital data to real land cover classes. The GIS are important tool helpful in these processes. Land use and cover analysis are only the narrow part of assessment of human landscape transformation. Only complex analysis of anthropopressure reasons, processes and effects give comparatively good view. The classical method is sozological mapping for inventory and present point, line and area information concerning of: environmental impact sources, effects of these impacts (environmental quality) and human activity for environmental protection and conservation. The problem is that these maps are only inventory and rarely give evaluation of intensity of environmental quality and deterioration. So it's important to use more sophisticated assessment methods during particular landscape studies. Many examples of such methods are available in many geographical and landscape-ecological handbooks and papers.


0UU main object in recording this case is to emphasise a point in the symptomatology of cerebellar disease to which little attention has been paid. There is evidence of paresis of tile trunk muscles, a direct result, we believe, of the structural damage to the cerebellum produced by the cyst. We record the case also as it exemplifies amode of dying in ,cases of intracranial tumour first pointed out by the late Dr. Hilton Fagge-death by failure of respiration. It lhas long been maintained by one of us (J. H. J.) that destructive lebions of the cerebellum, of its middle lobe at least, produce true motor paresis or paralysis, and that the trunk muscles are first and most afected, those of the inferior extremities next in order and severity, and those of the superior extremities last and least. Thus the degree and order of involvement of the different parts mentioned is the reverse of that which obtains in a destructive lesion of the -cerebrum attended by paralysis, for in most cases of hemiplegia the arm suffers most, the leg less, and the trunk least. The recent experimental investigations of one of us (J. S. R. R.) appear to support these views on motor representation by the cerebellum. The results of these experiments in dogs and monkeys seem to prove the existence of motor paresis as one factor in the causation of the inability ,on the part of the animal to, walk or stand after ablation of parts or the whole of the cerebellum; and it was evident that in the dogs the posterior extremities suffered far more than the anterior. The condition of the trunk muscles could not be so well judged of in these animals, but in monkeys, after extirpation of the whole of the cerebellum, the paresis of the back muscles was so great that the animal was unable to sit up. Before going further, we must point out that paresis of the spinal muscles in cases of disease of the cerebellum was pointed out long ago by Niemeyer. He wrote: "In tumours of the cerebellum, as we have previously shown, hemiplegia is not constant, and when present is not pure, but extends to the other side of tile body to a less extent, especially affecting the muscles of the spinal column. Paresis of the muscles inducing bending, erection, and lateral movements of the spinal column, first shows itself by a peculiar form of dizziness, which we have already fully described. and referred to vibrations of the spine in walking and similar acts ; subsequently, it often evinces itself by an utter inability of the body to maintain itself, so in the sitting position the patients collapse and cannot move the body, unless held by toth shoulders."' We are indebted to Dr. J. B. Bird for the careful notes of the clinical history of the following case, and for his assistance in the investigation of the points of special interest; to Dr. James Taylor, then fellow house-physician of one of us (J. S. R. R.), for similar valuable aid; and to Dr. W. S. Colman for the record of the post-nmortem observations made by him.


The utility model relates to the technical field of the flexible clamp, and in particular relates to a flexible clamp that is used for the welding assembling of the automobile, which adopts a flexible platform of square quaternionic cluster holes (2 multiplied by 2), and adopts standard support saddles with different specifications to position the height; a clamping device is positioned by standard pins, and adjustment pads are remained in three directions of X, Y and Z to guarantee the adjustment precision. Compared with the prior art, the flexible clamp has simple structure; different main components adopt the standard design with different specifications, thereby improving the design efficiency, the manufacturing efficiency and the commissioning efficiency; the standard pins are adopted for the positioning, and the adjustment pads are adopted to correct the micro positioning error, thereby guaranteeing the positioning precision of the clamp; the platform adopts the quaternionic cluster holes (2 multiplied by 2), and adopts the specifications with different sizes, so that the platform with the corresponding specification and size can be assembled at any time according to the requirement of the size specification of the car body assembly and the sub-assembly, which are required to be assembled, thereby satisfying the trial production requirements of different car models, and improving the repetition utilization rate of the clamp and the processing progress, and saving the cost.


The butyric acid bacteria have been associated with malodorous fermentations of olives for many years, although investigators have never recorded the isolation of such bacteria from abnormal olives, or studied the bacteria in any detail. In the early stages of the butyric fermentation of olives the odor is distinctly that of butyric acid, or rancid butter. As the spoiling progresses the odors become more pronounced and less specific, and finally may result in a very malodorous stench. The butyric fermentation has been of common occurrence in green olives undergoing either the Spanish or Sicilian type pickling processes; to a lesser degree in olives held in salt brines prior to "ripe" pickling or in olives undergoing the "ripe" pickling process.' The butyric spoilage most commonly occurs during the primary stage of fermentation when an abundance of glucose and mannitol is present in the olive brines. At this stage the reaction (pH) of the brine is near the neutral point; the floral population is dominated by gram-negative and other bacteria commonly found in water and soil; the desirable lactic acid bacteria are in the minority; the butyric anaerobes gain the ascendancy, dominate the bacterial population and spoil the olives. Hayne and Colby (1895) and Hayne (1900) were among the first to record spoiling of olives by the action of the "butyric ferment." Later Cruess and Guthier (1923), and Cruess (1924; 1930), referred to butyric spoilage of olives. None of these authors studied the bacteria involved in the spoiling. Other references to this abnormality of olives were not found. It is the purpose of this paper to characterize the anaerobic, butyric acid bacteria which have been found repeatedly in olives undergoing butyric fermentation.


DISK SIGNALING INTENDED ESPECIALLY FOR MOTOR VEHICLES, comprising a source of ABLE LIGHT OF ISSUING A BEAM, organ DIVISOR (12) ABLE TO DIVIDE THE BEAM IN A FIRST SET OF BEAMS ELEMENTAL (21) and a second set BEAM ELEMENTAL (23), configured such that the two beam sets elementals IN ADDITION AMONG THEM, AND oRGAN coloring (22) OTHER THAN THE oRGAN DIVISOR (12) carrying a first filter set coloration (28 ) ARRANGED IN THE JOURNEY OF bEAMS ELEMENTAL (23) of the first set. THE DISCO comprises a second filter set Coloration (30) ARRANGED IN THE JOURNEY OF BEAMS ELEMENTAL (23) of the second set. Organo Coloration (22) TAKES THE SECOND SET OF COLOR FILTERS (30).


The process of aging may be regarded as the totality of those changes in structure, and consequently in function, which take place after reproductive maturity and which result in decreased adaptation to the environment. Built into the design and structure of an organism, this process is reflected in an increased probability of death. The wellknown Gompertz equation describing increasing mortality with age has given rise to a number of theories which are shown to be, in one or more points, inadequate and inconsistent with established data.-All changes affecting the fitness of organisms are basically changes in the kinds, amounts, or arrangements of molecules and cells. Changes with age arise either from stochastic changes or from genetic processes, and should satisfy four criteria: universality, intrisicality, progessiveness, and deleteriousness. The evolutionary origin of the aging process and the nature of the possible sources of instability afford evidence that there are multiple causes of aging. It is not at present possible to assign relative weights to the various processes.-The current thesis that the life-shortening of experimental animals exposed to ionizing radiation is attributable to an acceleration of the normal aging process is evaluated in terms of the sources and mechanisms of damage. It is concluded that time and radiation are unlikely to produce their de-adaptive effects by similar mechanisms because (1) aging is primarily an effect on postmitotic cells, whereas at low dosages radiation primarily affects dividing cell lines; (2) radiation damage is primarily genetic, whereas time produces many kinds of changes most of which are probably not genetic; (3) the lives of some experimental animals are not shortened by large doses of radiation; and (4) radiation dosages sufficient to double the rate of mortality increase produce a much greater than two-fold increase in genetic effects (mutation).


Cyclodextrins (CDs) have been found to recognize the structures of various polymers. α-Cyclodextrin (α-CD) formed complexes with poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG), although, β-CD did not form complexes with PEG. However, β-CD formed complexes with poly (propylene glycol) (PPG), although α-CD did not form complexes with PPG. CDs form complexes not only with hydrophilic polymers but hydrophobic polymers. CDs recognize the molecular weight of polymers. CDs recognize not only main chains but end groups and side chains.Preparation of polyrotaxanes in which many cyclodextrins were trapped in a polymer chain was described. Preparation of polymeric tubes consisting of several cyclodextrins was also described.


OBJECTIVE--To examine the possibility that subclinical damage may persist after clinical recovery from neurological decompression illness. METHODS--The neuraxes of 71 divers with medical histories of neurological decompression illness and 37 non-diver controls were examined by recording the somatosensory evoked potentials produced on stimulation of the posterior tibial and median nerves. RESULTS--Although the tests gave some objective support for the presence of "soft" residual neurological symptoms and signs, no evidence was given for the presence of subclinical damage. CONCLUSIONS--The contention that neurological damage persists after full clinical recovery from the neurological decompression illness was not supported.


The growth in electrification and digitalization of vehicles leads to increasing variability and complexity of automotive systems. This poses new challenges for verification and validation, identified in a Product Line Engineering case study for the electric drive system. To overcome those challenges we developed a Product Line Testing methodology called TIGRE. In this paper, we present the TIGRE methodology. TIGRE comprises the identification and documentation of relevant data for efficient product line testing and the application of this data in the test management of an agile project environment. Furthermore, we present our experiences from the introduction into a large-scale industrial context. Based on our results from the introduction, we conclude that the TIGRE approach reduces the testing effort for automotive product lines significantly and, furthermore, allows us to transfer the results to untested products.


RATIONALE
Prior studies have questioned whether prevailing eligibility criteria for lung cancer screening are sufficiently inclusive of former smokers who remain at elevated risk of disease outside current screening windows.

OBJECTIVE
Characterize the percent of the reducible relative risk remaining (RRR) for lung cancer as a function of years since quitting.

METHODS
MEDLINE and PubMed were searched from January 2011 to May 2018; key search terms included smoking and cancer. Current smoker relative risks were extracted to represent former smokers at zero years since quitting; data were transformed assuming a lognormal distribution.

RESULTS
The main review included 49 prospective cohorts across 18 studies comprising a total of 139 RRs from 20 countries and territories. At one year since quitting, the percentage of RRR for lung cancer was 81.4% [64.1-98.2]. At five years since quitting, RRR was 57.2% [45.7-67.3]; at 10 years: 36.9% [28.3-47.9]; at 15 years, 26.7% [20.2-34.3]; at 20 years, 19.7% [13.3-26.4]. If eligibility criteria in the US were broadened to screen former smokers up to 20 years since quitting, we estimate an additional 4.2 [3.9-4.5] million former smokers between 55-80 years of age would be eligible for lung cancer screening.

CONCLUSION
At the critical screening threshold of 15 years since quitting, the percentage of excess risk for lung cancer remains high and only marginally declines at time points afterward, excluding millions of former smokers who remain at elevated risk of malignancy. A risk-based screening algorithm for lung cancer screening that de-emphasizes time post-cessation as a key screening determinant would more likely capture these former smokers who remain at elevated risk of malignancy.


PURPOSE: A cleaning water composition is provide to remove residue materials after cleaning cooking utensils and tableware without heat or high pressure, and not to generate harmful materials. CONSTITUTION: A cleaning water composition comprises 40-45 parts by weight natural zeolite powder, 20-25 parts by weight sericite powder, and 20-25 parts by weight electrolyzed reduced water as main raw material. The composition additionally comprises 3-4 parts by weight ethanol and 1-2 parts by weight sodium chloride as additives. The natural zeolite powder is mordenite powder. The electrolytic reduce water is + electrolytic reduced water, which is obtained by removing anions by passing of tap water into equipment for electrolytic-reducing water. The average granularity of the zeolite and the sericite powder is 2000-3000 mesh.


The purpose of the research is to study the infection of diurnal birds of prey of the order Falconiformes with helminths and to determine the helminth species composition by the example of the Noyev Kovcheg Conservation Nature's Nursery in the Altai Territory.Materials and methods. We studied diurnal birds of prey of the order Falconiformes for helminthosis in the Altai Territory, in the Noyev Kovcheg Conservation Nature's Nursery, in 2022. For the parasitological study of birds, we used laboratory methods of helminthocoprological studies: helminthoovoscopy and helminthoscopy. Species identification was determined by characteristic morphological features of helminth eggs, larvae and fragments. To assess the infeсtion with certain types of helminths, we used standard indicators for parasitological research, namely, infection prevalence and infection intensity amplitude.Results and discussion. In 58 studied diurnal birds of prey of the order Falconiformes, 8 helminth species were identified of which 6 nematode species, namely, Ascaridia galli, Tetrameres sobolevi, Capillaria caudinflata, Heterakis gallinarum, Trichostrongylus spp., and Singamus trachea; 1 trematode species, Strigea spp.; and 1 cestode species, Raillietina echinobothrida. These species occurred throughout all seasons of 2022.


The main aim of the study was to optimization and evaluation of a suitable dosage form i.e., tropical gel containing silver and gold nanoparticles which are synthesized by green synthesis as this is the rapid and better alternative to chemical synthesis. For burn injury systemic route
 of administration is not suitable due to damaged skin hence tropical route selected to provide controlled effects, low systemic toxicity and easy application. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by green synthesis by use of neem leaves and gold nanoparticles by Aloe vera. Characterization
 was done by UV spectroscopy, particle size distribution, TEM and zeta potential. Gel was formulated by simple mixing and stirring method and evaluated for color, homogeneity, Spreadability, viscosity, in vitro release, antimicrobial study and in vivo study. In this study, the
 combination of Carbopol 934 P and HPMC (ratio 1:3) was found to be ideal formulation (Formulation F5) with optimum viscosity and Spread-ability i.e., 4459 cP and 5.7 gmcm/sec resp. in vitro release was found to be 98.66% in 12 hours. in vitro antimicrobial study and in vivo
 study on rat showed maximum effects than standard formulations. From this study it can be concluded that, tropical gel is the superior dosage form containing silver and gold nanoparticles which acts as the antimicrobial agents and is effective in treatment of burn surgery.


The increase in the number of hours of music television since the days of the GO show and GTK has been phenomenal. MTV in America plays video clips 24 hours a day. This means that an increasing market has been created and we have not yet reached the ceiling for this type of entertainment. Most kids now at school have had some sort of music television all their life. Their record buying tastes are created by the video as much as the sound. Just as news media studies teach us to be more discriminating about news on TV, so then media studies needs to address itself to the discrimination and interpretation of music clips.


Nursing's clinical practice substance is to provide convenience and healthy patients through attention to needs physical, emotional and spiritual. Nursing and provide care in connection with humans and ethics of care meaning respect for their human and care for is people ethical practice. The aim of this study was to explain the students' experiences of Confidentiality in clinical practice. In this qualitative study semi-structure interviews conducted with 20 nursing students in different course in 2010.The sampling method was purposeful and with maximum variation. Students were asked discuss about the Confidentiality of your experience in the clinical environment (patients, colleagues and staff).The interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using content analysis method. The oral informed consent obtained for the participation and voice recording. Themes derived from the "effective communications channels" is a sub-concepts "to deliver news to key personnel", "referral to a specialist and consultant," "giving it normal look" is explained. The emerging concept of confidentiality in relation to classmates and staff "cover to clinical error" was. Students in the face of "errors" as a classmate and the staff knew so Confident kept them covered. In this study the role of student nurse were recognized at the clinical the patient as a confidential But in relation to classmates and staff clinical errors "Confidentiality" for reasons such as thought and confidence in their future classmates and staff error disclosure would avoid it.


. An effort has been made to study the genotypic variance, heritability, and genetic advance among nineteen mandarin genotypes grown under Indian sub-tropical conditions. The cluster analysis differentiated diverse genotypes which were grouped independently of their geographical origin. Wide variability in morphological characteristics indicated the genetic variability among mandarin genotypes. Rootstock diameter, scion diameter, fruit weight and seed weight showed a higher genotypic coefficient of variance, genetic advance and heritability, and genetic advance percentage of means. However, the phenotypic coefficient of variance was higher than the genotypic coefficient of variance for all the traits under study. The study indicated the existence of diversity in analyzed mandarin accessions. Furthermore, it concluded that the occurrence of additive gene action with low environmental influence is responsible for the determination of rootstock diameter, scion diameter, fruit weight, and seed weight as compared to other traits under study. Fruit yield was strongly correlated with the leaf lamina thickness and fruit weight followed by seed weight, indicating that fruit weight and seed weight can be used as selection criteria in an early year of bearing under crop improvement programme. Principal component analysis (PC1) distinguished positive correlations between fruit weight, fruit diameter, and fruit yield.


Behavior problems and parental expectations and practices were studied in a sample of 58 toddlers with developmental disabilities who were consecutively referred to a mental health clinic. The majority of children (70.7%) exceeded the clinical cut‐off score for significant behavior problems including tantrums, aggression, defiance, and hyperactivity, and 77.6% met the DSM‐IV criteria for a psychiatric diagnosis with oppositional defiant disorder being the most common. Consistent with previous research, child behavior problems were related to parental use of verbal and corporal punishment and were detrimental to the quality of the parent–child relationship. A new finding was that parental expectations also were positively related to the emergence of early child behavior problems.


We study the rotation of photo-driven Archimedes screw with multiple blades. The micron-sized Archimedes screws are readily made by the two-photon polymerization technique. Free-floating screws that are trapped by optical tweezers align in the laser irradiation direction, and rotate spontaneously. In this study we demonstrate that the rotation speeds of two-blade-screws is twice the rotation speed of one-blade-screw. However, more complex 3-blade-screws rotate slower than 2-blade-screws due to their limited geometry resolution at this micron scale.


A compensating circuit comprising two blocking‐layer photoelectric cells in a parallel connection with a galvanometer and potentiometer‐rheostat is described. Analysis of the circuit shows that a uniform scale attached to the potentiometer‐rheostat may be used to indicate transmission (or reflectance) of light by a sample if the resistance of the potentiometer and the series internal resistances of the photoelectric cells are small in comparison with the parallel internal resistances of the photoelectric cells. The performance of the circuit under different conditions was tested by means of wire screens of known transmission. With moderate illumination on the photoelectric cells and using a 50 ohm potentiometer‐rheostat carrying a scale graduated from 0 to 100, errors in indicating transmission are believed to be not greater than ±0.1 on this scale.


Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) incidence has increased over the past decades, especially among young adults. However, their bone health has not been clearly elucidated with discordant results. Objective We aimed to investigate the bone mineral density (BMD) measured by double energy X-ray absorptiometry and Z-score at the lumbar spine, femur neck, and total femur to evaluate the risk of osteoporosis in men aged <50 years and premenopausal women with AD.Methods The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2009 data were used in this case-control cohort study. We included young AD patients (aged 19≤ and <50 years) diagnosed by a doctor and compared these patients with 1:5 propensity score weighting controls by age, sex, body mass index (BMI), vitamin D level, and alcohol/smoking status. Results We analyzed 311 (weighted n=817,014) AD patients and 1,555 (weighted n=4,155,855) controls. BMD at the lumbar spine was significantly lower in the male AD group than in the male control group (mean ± SE, 0.989 ± 0.002 vs. 0.954 ± 0.016, P = 0.03) while BMDs at the femur neck and total femur were comparable. For women, BMDs at the three sites were not significantly different between the AD and control groups. Low bone mass (defined by a Z-score of ≤2.0) was not significantly different between the AD and control groups in both sexes. Conclusions Bone health, especially BMD and Z-score, in young AD patients were comparable with those without AD. AD was not a risk factor for low BMD.


We studied the richness and distribution of anuran species on different breeding sites at the Reserva Ecologica da Michelin (13° 50' S and 39° 10' W, approximately 90-400 m above sea level), Municipality of Igrapiuna, Bahia State, Brazil. The reserve includes fragments of Atlantic Rain Forest varying from 140 to 650 ha. Five types of environments were sampled: leaf litter inside forest fragments, streams inside forest fragments, dam on the edge of forest fragment, temporary pond inside forest, and temporary ponds inside banana and rubber groves along the eastern boundary of the reserve. We used active and passive sampling methods for surveys of amphibians, between March 2007 and December 2008. We captured 48 species distributed in 10 families (number of species in parentheses): Aromobatidae (1), Brachycephalidae (4), Bufonidae (2), Craugastoridae (1), Centrolenidae (1), Cycloramphidae (3), Hylidae (29), Leiuperidae (1), Leptodactylidae (3), and Microhylidae (3). Temporary ponds presented the highest number of species in reproductive activity (19 species in native forested areas, and 21 in plantation areas), while leaf litter presented the lowest (6 species). Two species were found in bromeliads (Phyllodytes melanomystax and P. luteolus). Twenty-two species were exclusive to fragments of forest, 11 were found only in anthropized areas (dam, and rubber and banana plantations) and 15 in both environments. Aplastodiscus cavicola and Dendropsophus giesleri had their geographic distribution extended to the State of Bahia. Phasmahyla timbo and Chiasmocleis cordeiroi known only from their type localities were found in the reserve.


In this paper, the micro-groove structure is designed on the surface of aluminum alloy by high speed wire cutting discharge machine (HS-WEDM). A multi-scale surface with micro structure was fabricated by this method. The paper design a series different groove spacing, groove depth and groove width and orthogonal design was using to analyze the relationship between the size of micro structure and the wettability of materials. The results show that the effect of the groove width on surface wettability is maximum, When the the groove spacing is 300μm, the groove depth is 100μm and the width of the groove is 230μm, the contact angle of the material surface is maximum, which is 155.98°. After observing the surface, it is can be known that the existence of groove structure can reduce the droplet and solid surface contact area greatly. In addition, these grooves sealed a plenty of air to increase the contact area of the droplet and the air that the solid surface are difficult to be wetted by droplets. It is feasible that realizing the change of the surface wettability by using optical combination.


The aim of the present study was to optimization of environmental condition of basal media to support the efficient production of secondary metabolites of novel strain Streptomyces zaomyceticus RC 2073 which exhibits an antimicrobial activity against the Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria under in-vitro growth condition. Antimicrobial activity of culture broth was screened by agar well diffusion method against S. aureus. Among different basal media modified Glycerol yeast broth were found best production media for secondary metabolites. Production of secondary metabolites started from 5 th days and successively increased upto 9 th days then gradually decreases. The maximum production of secondary metabolites was found in the culture medium with initial pH level 7.0 under aerobic condition at temperature 28 o C with 10% inoculums size at 200 rpm. The effect of Glycerol as carbon, Peptone with Yeast extract as nitrogen sources and minerals K2HPO4 was proved maximum production of secondary metabolites.


The purpose of this study is to analyze the research trends of traffic research through analyzing the semantic network of existing traffic related research papers and to compare research trends in Korea. The subjects of the analysis are about 21,000 research papers collected from the database of 'Web of Science' which is an academic information database. Using the open source software, Khcoder, semantic network analysis was carried out with meta information such as theses, abstracts, research fields. As a result of the analysis, major research areas were divided into traffic model and analysis, energy efficiency, vehicle, and mobile behavior. As a result of analyzing the major research changes by period, researches focused on reducing the use of fossil fuels before and after the 1992 Climate Change Convention have increased intensively. This can explain that the policy has a great influence on the flow of research. From 1970 to 1996, there were 9772 research articles in the United States and 456 research articles in Korea. Results of the semantic network analysis The United States and Korea show similar network patterns despite differences in terms such as history, geography, economic power, and population. However, the difference between Korea and the United States is that research on public transport such as buses and transportation is being carried out steadily. This explains that Korean transportation research and policy accepts American academic theory as it is, but it shows that public transportation research should be continuously carried out in accordance with the situation of Korea where population is small and population is concentrated in city. Quantitative and objective analysis methods need to be developed to objectively analyze advanced European transport policies and research trends promoting public transport policies for the above reasons. Therefore, this study is meaningful because it tried to analyze research trend through quantitative analysis method called semantic network analysis.


The measured convergence rates of several algorithms belonging to the class of 1 gradient methods in function space ' are compared. The steepest descent, conjugate gradient and quasi-Newton algorithms, and the effect of different types of linear search routine and initial guess parameters on their convergence rates, are considered. It is concluded that conjugate gradient methods do offer significant advantages, even for non-linear system models and bounded controls.


The article elaborates a set of large-scale automation equipment, which is applicable to the reflector thin deposition of automobile illumination according to the work of our laboratory, and its experimental results are also introduced.


This paper describes the unique performance evaluation results of a Gigabit Digital Subscriber Line modem that provides Multi-user-interference-free communication, by incorporating Super Orthogonal Complete Complementary spreading into the existing xDSL modem architecture. The GDSL modem was tested under practical crosstalk conditions, using the Network Interface, Power, and Protection (NIPP) Committee MIMO Crosstalk Model. It was found that the GDSL modem provides acceptable bit error rate performance for a fully loaded system, even for very short twisted pairs. A unique observation from these performance evaluation tests is than the non-linear behaviour of NEXT and FEXT creates an orthogonality distortion effect on the correlation properties of the SOCC code family.


Polyaniline-grafted-cellulose (PANi-cellulose) copolymer is prepared by a chemical method using cupric sulphate as initiator. The representative PANi-cellulose samples are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The data reveal the formation of electrically conducting and hydrophillc copolymer. The film of PANi-cellulose is casted on a glass slide by spin coating technique and used for humidity sensing of a controlled humid environment by monitoring electrical resistance. The resistance continuously decreased from ~ 32 MΩ to 10.0 MΩ with increase in relative humidity in the range of 590%. The observed sensing parameters are sensitivity 0.22, response time 40 s, recover time 60 s and stability for more than 60 days.


MAPCLUB as loyalty program for customer of Pt. Mitra Adiperkasa has its main aims to maintain customer loyalty and provide rewards in the form of shopping points which can be redeemed for the next transaction. The research objective is to understand how Customer Relationship Management (CRM) increases customer loyalty through social media Instagram, using the analysis of the IDIC model from Peppers and Rogers. By using a qualitative descriptive method, researchers understand how MAPCLUB's activities manage relationships with their six million members, based on four steps of the IDIC model (Identification, Differentiation, Interaction, and Customizations) through communication in Instagram, to maintain the customer loyalty. The research' results found several parts to improve on how they can communicate with customers based on the needs and behavior of each member. After this study of IDIC models and loyalty customer characteristics, the conclusion reveals that the optimal implementation of communication for the CRM through IDIC model to produce a better loyalty program experiences whether customers will repeat purchase, give retentions, or give referrals to other buyers.


A METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING electrochemiluminescence of a composition SHOWS ARE DESCRIBED IN WHERE SPECIES electrochemiluminescent ACTIVE SENSITIVE IS CAPTURED BY electrode (5) with the aid of a magnet (15) CAPTURE THAT HAS AS configuration flowlines MAGNETICO (O GRADIENT MAGNETIC FIELD) at least one magnetic field source INSIDE compressed and / or scatter. Said magnet (15) CAPTURE IMPROVES DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTROQUIMIOLUMINISCENTEMENTE SPECIES OF ACTIVE SENSITIVE magnetically ON THE SURFACE (5) ELECTRODE AND REDUCES INTERFERENCE WITH PIPE (20) photomultiplier, potentiating that form the signal (ECL) AND IMPROVING THE SENSITIVITY . IMPROVED DISTRIBUTION AND CAPTURE OF MINORS ALSO ALLOW TIME ANALYSIS.


Simple Summary Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are potentially malignant tumors and require evidence-based surgical and/or medical treatment. Laparoscopy has similar safety and prognostic outcomes to those of laparotomy and is currently a standard procedure for localized GISTs. However, surgery for gastric GISTs less than 2 cm may be re-evaluated due to the indolent nature of the GIST and other competing risks among GIST patients. A work-up with endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography as well as endoscopic or percutaneous biopsy is important for the preoperative diagnosis of GISTs. Medical treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors is the mainstay for recurrent/metastatic GISTs. The activity of an individual drug is well correlated with gene alterations, and, in the era of precision medicine, cancer genome profiling should be considered before medical treatment. Abstract Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most frequent malignant mesenchymal tumors in the gastrointestinal tract. The clinical incidence of GISTs is estimated 10/million/year; however, the true incidence is complicated by frequent findings of tiny GISTs, of which the natural history is unknown. The initial work-up with endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography plays important roles in the differential diagnosis of GISTs. Surgery is the only modality for the permanent cure of localized GISTs. In terms of safety and prognostic outcomes, laparoscopy is similar to laparotomy for GIST treatment, including tumors larger than 5 cm. GIST progression is driven by mutations in KIT or PDGFRA or by other rare gene alterations, all of which are mutually exclusive. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the standard therapy for metastatic/recurrent GISTs. Molecular alterations are the most reliable biomarkers for TKIs and for other drugs, such as NTRK inhibitors. The pathological and genetic diagnosis prior to treatment has been challenging; however, a newly developed endoscopic device may be useful for diagnosis. In the era of precision medicine, cancer genome profiling by targeted gene panel analysis may enable potential targeted therapy even for GISTs without KIT or PDGFRA mutations.


There is abundant evidence that diets high in fat tend to increase the rate of formation of certain types of induced tumors (1, 2, 4, 18). In the presence of borderline amounts of carcinogen, dietary fat may also increase the total number of tumors produced (6). Not all types of tumors, however, are sensitive to dietary fat (2, 9, 18), and at least a part of the effect appears to be due to local fat in direct contact with the area in which the tumor develops (4, 11, 13, 20). The present report deals with further studies on the extent and limitation of the "fat effect," and includes attempts to explain the mechanism of action involved.


The rotational structure in the origin bands of the Second Positive System of N2 and the First Negative System of N2+ have been used to demonstrate that these bands can be employed to determine a consistent spectroscopic temperature in an ICP. The experimental spectra have been modeled by the use of a computer program which calculates these bands for both species.


The language of evaluation as a subsystem of linguistic means with special pragmatic functions is examined in the context of scientific communication on an interpersonal and personal levels. On the one hand, the role of the evaluation language in reflecting social relationships in the scientific field is emphasized, and on the other hand, the individual characteristics of researchers in establishing professional relationships with their colleagues. It is shown how the participants in the scientific discourse construct their professional identity through the choice of certain types of evaluation resources. Four types of means of evaluation are the focus of consideration, which are central to the evaluative qualification and the evaluative positioning in scientific discourse: evaluative lexemes, modal epistemic words, means of authorization and emphasizing metatextual structures with predicates of mental information processing. It has been noted that different researchers use the same means of evaluation in different ways. The different use of evaluative language can be explained by individual preferences when choosing pragmatic strategies for conducting scientific discussions with other researchers. Accordingly, general professional profiles of the authors of the analyzed articles are distinguished, which reflect their typical language behavior models in interaction with potential communication partners. The description of the profiles is operationalized by metaphorical terms scientistdebater, scientist-diplomat, scientist-didactician. The theoretical articles by three German linguists, who are well-known and authoritative experts in their field, serve as empirical material for the analysis. The methodology is based on the theoretical foundations of language pragmatics, interactional sociolinguistics and discourse analysis.


The rewriting calculus combines in a unified setting the frameworks and capabilities of rewriting and λ-calculus. Its most general typed version, called Pure Pattern Type Systems (P TS) and adapted from Barendregt's λ-cube, is especially interesting from a logical point of view. We show how to use a subset of P TS as a proofterm language for natural deduction modulo, extending the Curry-Howard-De Bruijn isomorphism for this class of logical formalisms. The pattern matching featured in the calculus allows us to model any congruence given by a term rewriting system. We characterize how proofs can be denoted by P TS terms and we discuss the interest of our proof-term language for the issue of cut elimination. Finally, we explore some relations between our proof-term language and other formalisms: extraction of λ-terms and/or rewrite rules from P TS-terms, but also automated generation of proof-terms by a rewriting-based language.


A closure in a directed graph is a subset of nodes, all of whose successors belong to the subset. If each node has an assigned weight, which may be positive or negative, the maximal closure problem is one of finding a closure with the largest possible sum of node weights. It can be solved by any maximal flow or minimal cut algorithm. We present a new algorithm for this problem which compares favorably to maximal flow and minimal cut procedures on randomly generated classes of problems.


While comparatively few scholarly studies exist on podcast advertising, market research substantiates the effectiveness of podcast advertisements. This academic study probed podcast listeners' attitudes toward podcast advertising and motivations for consumer actions through survey research with 1714 respondents. Extending past research on attitudes toward advertising within a medium (Aam), consumer action, and listener preference for host-read podcast advertisements, this study proposes a theoretical framework that seeks to contribute to a fundamental understanding of how listeners interact with and process podcast advertising. Scale development included modifying existing scales for other media as well as original scale development using qualitative methods that were tested for validity and internal consistency. Results from the survey revealed that: (1) Podcast listeners have favorable attitudes toward podcast advertising, particularly host-read advertisements; (2) Podcast listeners are motivated by functional and socio-emotional reasons for consumer actions, which correlate with positive attitudes toward podcast advertising; and (3) The podcast consumption levels of listeners are moderate predictors of their attitudes toward podcast advertising and subsequent consumer action, while gender and age are weaker predictors.


The purpose the study is to investigating effectiveness of Mindfulness-based stress reduction program and Mindfulness yoga in weight loss in women with obesity. In fourteen two-hour sessions, experiment group received treatment of mindfulness-based stress reduction. The findings showed that the Mindfulness-based stress reduction program was effective in reducing obesity and the results of the follow-up showed the stability of results. The results of the research suggested that evidence that mindfulness-based stress reduction program can be a good treatment for weight loss in women with obesity.


As evidenced by the results of data analysis the contralateral breast cancer recurrence is most likely to originate from subclinical tumor foci that preexist at the time of treatment This raises the natural question as to whether the rtcumnas in the contralateral breast evolve independently of those in the ipsilateral breast It is common knowledge in the theory of competing risks that this problem can not be solved within the nonparaoretric framework. To overcome the obstacle om needs to proceed from a biologically-based parametric model of tumor latency. We explore this possibility with a model proposed earlier (HOANG et al., 1992). When incorporated into a family of joint distributions with given marginal distributions for the tumor latency times, the model allows testing the independencc hypothesis by the likelihood ratio test Our analysis of data on the ipsilateral and contralateral breast recurrence, though being conclusive only under the model assumptions, suggests that the dependence of risks is negligible for the two typcs of local failure.

AMS 1980 subject classification


A 2.45 GHz ECR ion source for the ISAC on-line operation is being tested at the TRIUMF ion source test stand prior to its installation in the radioactive ion beam production target module. Steps were taken at the design stage to ensure short transient time and high ionization efficiency for single charged ions. Further considerations were given to radiation hardness, reliability, and remote handling capabilities. Transient time was measured using an ultrafast piezoelectric valve. Efficiencies were measured using calibrated gas leaks of stable and radioactive isotopes such as 127Xe. This article describes the overall characteristics of the source.


Dendritic cells, T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes were co-culativated in vitro in order to induce an in vitro immunization process resulting in the activation of the involved cell populations and in the production of antigen-specific antibodies. Bone-marrow derived dendritic cells were treated with IL12-siRNA to inhibit the secretion of IL-12 which is mainly responsible to induce Th1 directed immune responses. The siRNA-treated dendritic cells were then loaded with ovalbumin (OVA) as antigen and co-cultured with naive OVA-TcR-transgenic T helper cells and naive B lymphocytes. The activation steps and the production of OVA-specific antibodies were investigated by FACS, RT-PCR and ELISA. FACS and RT-PCR analysis revealed a Th2 polarization of the involved T helper cells according to their cytokine patterns and c-MAF expression. Ovalbumin-specific antibodies could be detected in the culture supernatants after co-cultivation of naive B cells with T cells and siRNA-treated dendritic cells. These studies indicate that the silencing of IL-12 can lead to a Th2 polarization of in vitro cultivated T helper cells. This step could allow an in vitro induction of antigen-specific antibody molecules in shorter time frames than the conventional hybridoma technology and can simplify the generation of antibodies of non-murine origin.


From the Divisions of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. Submitted for consideration January 2022; accepted for publication in revised form January 2022. Disclosure: The authors have no conflicts of interest to report. Correspondence: Bindu Akkanti, Divisions of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep, Advanced Cardiopulmonary Therapeutics and Transplantation (ACTAT), 6431 Fannin, MSB 1.268, Houston, Texas 77030. Email: email@example.com. Copyright © ASAIO 2022 DOI: 10.1097/MAT.0000000000001660 Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Transport in the Wake of the Pandemic Is Feasible and Safe


The work of Ernest Denis (1849–1921), a historian, professor and diplomat, is embedded in the idea of the "eternal friendship" between the French and the Serbs. However, one hundred years after his death, the man, in whose house in the Latin Quarter there is L'Institut d'études slaves within Sorbonne University, is unknown to the broader public. In the interwar period, Denis, who from 1912 was also a member of the Serbian Royal Academy, was respected as the "advocate of the subjugated people" and "the greatest friend of the Slavs". However, after 1945, his work sank into oblivion, except for historians and history buffs. The aim of this paper is to shed light on the work of this French intellectual, based on archival records (Les Archives nationales de France – Site de Paris), the press, his works and memories of his contemporaries. The revaluation of the personality and work of Ernest Denis on the occasion of centenary of his death, is a chance to piece together the mosaic of remembrance and highlight the activities of the present-day L'Institut d'études slaves at Sorbonne.


has not written the sort of book that every student of the Far East would be delighted to have but that none has yet had the fortitude to undertake himself. But despite the difficulties of such a study, the subject is so important it seems safe to predict that it will some day be attempted. Whoever makes the attempt will owe a great debt to Professor Boxer's careful scholarship, if indeed that person is not Professor Boxer himself. No one is so well acquainted with the materials or better equipped with the languages necessary for such a task.


Large quantities of air pollutants are released into the atmosphere and hence, must be monitored and routinely assessed for their health implications. This paper proposes a stochastic technique to predict unobserved hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), especially Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), which can have negative effects on human health. The proposed approach constructs a nearest-neighbor structure by incorporating the linkage between BaP and meteorology and meteorological effects. This approach is adopted in order to predict unobserved BaP concentrations based on observed (or forecasted) meteorological conditions, including temperature, precipitation, wind speed, and air quality. The effects of BaP on human health are examined by characterizing the cancer risk. The efficient prediction provides useful information relating to the optimal monitoring period and projections of future BaP concentrations for both industrial and residential areas within Korea.


Structural health monitoring (SHM) system is an essential part of large structures to allow for early detection of possible damages or defects and avoid human or economic losses. In this paper, stochastic subspace identification (SSI) is employed as a means to obtain the main characteristics of the structure i.e., mode shapes, natural frequencies, etc. Features obtained from SSI are used to assess the health status of the structure. The proposed method is implemented on a scaled three-story laboratory structure where structural damping is altered using a novel magnetic approach. Finite-element analysis is employed to validate the experimental results.


Non-progressive juvenile spinal muscular atrophy, also known as Hirayama disease, is a rare form of non-progressive motor neuron disease caused by necrosis of the anterior horns of the lower cervical cord. Magnetic resonance study is able to show forward displacement of the posterior wall of the lower cervical dural canal in neck flexion, which is presumed to be pathognomonic sign of Hirayama disease. Flexion MRI of the cervical spine can help to diagnosis HD in the early stages. We report two cases of Hirayama disease with different disease duration and different clinical and radiological presentation.


Objective
To investigate the relationship between blood glucose variability and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) .

Methods
From July to Decebmer 2017, The fasting blood glucose (FBG) of 125 ACS patients was dynamically monitoredfor 1 year after discharge. The coefficient of variance (CV) of blood glucose was calculated and the morbidity of MACE was recorded. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the CV of blood glucose and MACE. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the predictive power of the CV of blood glucose for MACE.

Results
The morbidity of MACE was 15.2%, which was positively correlated with the CV of blood glucose (OR=1.461; 95%CI: 1.202-1.775; P<0.001) and negatively correlated with high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels (OR=0.008; 95%CI: 0.000-0.684; P=0.033) .The CVof blood glucose showed a predictive power for the morbidity of MACE, whose cutoff value was 18.4%.

Conclusions
Long-term variability is a risk factor for the morbidity of MACE after discharge in ACS patients. Continuous care should be strengthened for patients after discharge, controlling their blood glucose while reducing the volatility of blood glucose.

Key words:
Blood glucose variability; Coefficient of variance (CV); Acute coronary syndrome (ACS); Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE)


A theory of electron-phonon interaction in a combined cylindrical semiconductor nanotube has been developed in the framework of the effective mass model for electrons and a dielectric continuum for phonons. Analytical expressions for Hamiltonians of electron interaction with confined and interface phonons have been derived in the secondary quantization representation for electron and phonon variables. Dependences of the phonon energies and the interface phonon polarization field potential on the axial quasimomentum and the geometrical parameters of a combined nanotube fabricated on the basis of GaAs and Al0.4Ga0.6As semiconductors have been studied.


This thesis presents a process of a tree recognition by means of the computer vision, which analyses the tree bark. The procedure extracts LBP features from individual pictures of bark, which are used for training and testing by SVM. Since freely accessible collection of tree bark pictures does not exist, it was necessary to create a larger annotated collection which is also the first database publicly available. In recognition there is also a problem with scale or picture size, because different devices take pictures of different sizes, in different width/height proportions and mostly people do not take photographs from the same distance. The thesis also proposes a procedure that by means of the features gained by DoG detector, automatically determines the picture scale, by means of which the input picture is always rescaled in the reference size before the calculation of LBP. In the final experiment the 84.62 % accuracy was achieved on the collection of 12 trees.


Abstract An organocatalytic cascade Michael addition-cyclization reaction of cyclopentane-1,2-dione with substituted (E)-2-oxobut-3-enoates, creating two stereocenters and giving bicyclic hemiacetals 3 in excellent yield (up to 93%) and enantioselectivity (up to 96% ee) was developed. From 2-chlorophenyl-substituted (E)-2-oxobut-3-enoate, the adduct revealed pseudo-atropisomerism from the hindered rotation of the phenyl ring. The hemiacetal 3 was reduced with Et3SiH and Lewis acid affording substituted 1,2-cyclopentanedione 8, and disilylated with an excess of TMSOTf and Et3N to the dienol disilyl ether 9.


Thermodynamic aspects of electromechanical interaction and piezoelectric relations crystal symmetry and physical constants sound propagation and the depolarizing-field effect in piezoelectric media piezoelectric transducer vibration mechanical and dielectric losses in a piezoelectric medium electromechanical measurement of piezoelectric transducers electromechanical interaction in solid-state physics piezoelectric materials and electromechanical transducers. Appendices: orientation of crystals and eulerian angles analysis of plane sound wave propagation based on the fundamental (S,P)-type relation SH mode of guided waves propagated along a Y-cut plate with 6mm symmetry cylindrical-coordinate expression of the fundamental relation for piezoelectric Z-cut ceramic plate thin square plate face-shear vibration dependence of resonant frequency on thickness in radical mode circular plate vibration bending vibration analysis of an asymmetric bimorph beam elastic and piezoelectric tensor component determination in various crystal systems tentative phenomenological treatment of piezoelectricity in improper ferroelectric crystals transfer admittance taking adhesive layers into account.


Skeletal muscle and adipose tissue serve as the major storage sites for glucose, and insulin is the major signal for glucose uptake into these tissues. Glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) is responsible for the uptake of glucose into muscle and adipose tissues. This protein constitutively recycles between the plasma membrane and intracellular depots. Under resting conditions, most GLUT4 molecules are maintained in intracellular compartments. Insulin shifts this dynamic equilibrium towards the plasma membrane by recruiting a fraction of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane from insulin responsive vesicles. However, steady-state measurements of GLUT4 localization have failed to reveal the subcellular localization of these vesicles or how GLUT4 is sorted to them. By analyzing the sorting of GLUT4 as it internalizes from the cell surface, advances may be made in revealing how GLUT4 acquires insulin-responsiveness and the intracellular location in which this occurs. In L6 myoblasts stably expressing myc-tagged GLUT4, surface-labelled GLUT4myc that internalizes for 30 min accumulates in a Syntaxin-6 (Stx6)-positive perinuclear compartment and displays insulin-responsive exocytosis. Although Stx6 knockdown does not alter the perinuclear accumulation of internalized GLUT4myc, it does inhibit by ~50% the ability of internalized GLUT4myc to undergo insulin-responsive exocytosis. These results suggest that the Stx6-positive perinuclear compartment consists of at least two sub-compartments – one that serves as a dynamic retention compartment and one that is insulin-responsive. Microtubule


Abstract Purpose: To assess the role of three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound mutiplanar view in prediction of cesarean section (CS) scars dehiscence. Subjects and methods: One hundred pregnant women with previous CS scars were investigated by ultrasound to measure the scar thickness by 2D ultrasound and to depict the uterine wall by 3D coronal plane, using 3D multiplanar view. Straight line cut section by 3D multiplanar view was used and prediction of dehiscence was by detecting fenestration of the wall. Results: Operative findings revealed that 95 cases (95%) of the studied group had intact uterine scar, while dehiscence was detected among five ladies (5%). Validity of 3D U/S versus operative findings revealed a sensitivity of 83.3%, specificity 100%, positive predictive value 100%, negative predictive value 99% and accuracy 99%. C technique was superior to straight line technique in multiplanar view for assessment of the scars. Conclusion: Three-dimensional ultrasound is useful in prediction of dehiscent scars during pregnancy with perfect sensitivity. Machines with the availability of C dissection in the multiplanar view are more useful in this field.


PURPOSE: A fermentation composition for crude feed materials containing a waste microbial solution as an active ingredient is provided to enable users to use the waste microbial solution. CONSTITUTION: A fermentation composition for crude feed materials contains a waste microbial solution as an active ingredient. The crude feed materials are waste media for cultivating mushrooms. The waste microbial solution is a waste lactic acid bacteria culture solution. The mushroom cultivation waste media are mixed with the waste lactic acid bacteria culture solution. Cellulose-decomposing microorganisms are injected into the mixture. [Reference numerals] (AA) Waste mushroom culture media(50kg,dried); (BB) Inserting waste microbial solution(20%); (CC) Mixing waste microbial solution with 2×106cfu/m of active bacteria; (DD) Fermenting at 36 deg. C for 24 hours; (EE) Injecting lactic acid bacteria(3%) and cellulose-decomposing microorganisms(3%); (FF) Culturing at 36 deg. C for 36 hours; (GG) Stirring with stirrer(60rpm); (HH) Evaluating value of fermented feed for ruminant livestock using waste mushroom culture media and waste bacteria; (II) Securing addition condition of the fermented waste mushroom culture media for fibrous mixture feed of ruminant livestock


The test generation of finite state machines proposed by the authors is performed by going first through all the transitions of the control flowgraph them completing the test set of the undetected faults using the Poage method. In more detail the mixed test generation method starts with a functional test generation method producing a very short and effective (in terms of detection quality) test sequence. An original input don't care optimization phase is invoked. A second phase is based upon a deterministic approach to reach 100% coverage still using the finite state machine specifications.<<ETX>>


Based on Fresnel-Kirchhoff diffraction theory, we set up a diffraction model of nonlinear optical media toGaussian beam, which can interpret the Z-scan phenomenon from a new way. This theory is not onlywell consistent with the conventional Z-scan theory in the case of small nonlinear phase shift, but alsocan fit for the lager nonlinear phase shift. Numeric computations indicate the shape of the Z-scan curveis greatly affected by the value of the nonlinear phase shift. The symmetric dispersion-like Z-scan curveis only valid for small nonlinear phase shift (|△φo| <π), but with increasing the nonlinear phase shift, thevalley of the transmittance is severely suppressed and the peak is greatly enhanced. Further calculationsshow some new interesting results.


Compressive sensing, often referred to as CS, is an innovative approach that heavily depends on signal sparsity. It capitalizes on the inherent sparsity of signals, enabling the recovery of original signals with a reduced number of samples, in contrast to the conventional Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem. The CS theory assures almost an exact recovery of a sparse signal if the signal is sensed randomly where the number of the measurements taken is proportional to the sparsity level. It comprises the basic study of two necessary condition of compressive sensing theory: sparsity and incoherence. CS is a novel theory that is an ideal complement and improvement to conventional signal processing. CS reduces data acquisition requirements, saving on storage, transmission, and acquisition time. CS has been applied in areas like Radar systems, sonar systems, video signal, and image processing etc. In this paper, the compressive sensing techniques are implemented on mono-audio signals and various error values are computed which can be utilized for various applications such as efficient data acquisition, IoT, Image and Video processing and sparse recovery.


Using fixed betting odds for football match outcomes this paper improves on previous versions of outcome uncertainty models of attendance demand by utilizing data on 'repeat' fixtures between two teams. This provides some control over the variation in match characteristics which influence demand. The analysis of 'repeat' fixtures also enables an improved treatment of the 'core support' element of attendances. The contribution of fixed betting odds in explaining attendance demand is confirmed as is the 'U'-shaped relationship between attendance and home team probability of success.


The Kremer method of in vitro testing of sperm penetration in cervical mucus using a capillary tube with cervical mucus as the test medium was introduced in 1965 and has been found to be of great value in fertility investigations. The sperm penetration test is performed with a sperm penetration meter. The cervical mucus must be from healthy women at the time of ovulation. Cervical mucus is stored in the capillary tube for up to 3 weeks in a refrigerator. Very small ranges and standard deviations for linear sperm penetration were shown in repeated tests of the same semen sample using cervical mucus from 1 sample. In a comparison of the penetration of sperm from fertile men with penetration of those from men involved in infertile unions none of the samples from the fertile group had a sperm penetration of less than 6 mm in 3 hours. Penetration in the range of 6-20 mm/3 hours should be interpreted as subfertility. Applications of the in vitro test include the evaluation of cervical mucus artificial insemination cryopreservation of semen testing of the fertility of varicocele patients and testing of contraceptives.


Two alternative methods of supply and speed control of BLDC motor are presented in the paper. The motoe is supplied via electronic commutator, which calculated rotor position on the basis of signals re ceived from Hall sensors. The system consists of transistor bridge connecting the supply voltage to the motor windings in accordance with control sequence. The bridge is controlled by microprocessor, which works out the control basing on rotor position signals and motor input current value. In the first supply variant motor's average winding voltage is controlled via pulse width modulation of supply voltage (this is done by electronic commutator). In the second supply variant the system is supplemented with power electronics converter, decreasing elec tronic commutator supply voltage, so that the commutator is controlled on the basis of rotor position sensors only (with no pulse width modulation). The possibility of decreasing supply voltage (average value) of the BLDC motor allows smooth regulation of motor speed.


In this analysis we show that vertically propagating internal gravity waves induce a downward transfer of sensible heat from regions of wave dissipation, and that this transfer of heat may result in a net cooling of regions of the upper atmosphere.


A study was conducted to know the prevalence of major poultry diseases in broiler farms and rural poultry maintained in and around Peshawar area. Total 2202 samples submitted for investigation were processed for post-mortem and laboratory findings. Out of these, 43.23% were bacterial, 24.02% viral, 3.18% fungal, 18.5% parasitic, 9.76%  nutritional and 1.22% were  other diseases.  The incidence of  Coccidiosis 17.4%, Gumboro 14.6% and necrotic enteritis 13.3%  were found to be the highest amongst all other diseases in poultry. It was observed through investigation that area under study needs  proper  management  conditions especially litter management, proper vaccination program, strict bio  security measures, feed checking for aflatoxin analysis and deworming especially in rural poultry


A fuzzy neural network and its relevant fuzzy neuron and fuzzy learning algorithm are introduced. An object-oriented implementation of fuzzy neural network in MATLAB environment is realized. Simulations are carried out by SIMULINK. The performance of fuzzy neural network is experimentally compared with other neural networks trained by backpropagation algorithms. It shows better convergence speed. This confirms its applicability in learning large-sized neural networks of real-life applications like adaptive interactive systems, modelling of biotechnological processes, etc.


Hypersonic vehicles are facing with severe aerodynamic heating environment during flight. Dynamic characteristics of vehicle are affected by heating effects. Simplified model of hypersonic vehicle based on Euler-Bernoulli beam theory does not take into account of crosssection shear deformation, the moment of inertia and local thermal deformation in structure in modal analysis. A more accurate aerothermal flexible model based on Timoshenko beam theory is established, the effects of temperature-dependent material property and local thermal deformation coupling with variation of vehicle mass during flight on natural mode as well as aerodynamic performance are analyzed using finite element method (FEM). Later, dynamic characteristics of vehicle are discussed based on rigid-flexible model. Results shows: fuel consumption plays a leading role to natural dynamic of structure. While considering aerothemal heating, material degradation has greater effect than local non-uniform thermal deformation on natural frequencies, and the effect on modal shape both is negligible. The moment of inertia effect mainly influences high-order vibration and provides more available bandwidth to control law and improve maneuverability of aircraft. Thus all of the above factors should be taken into account at the design of control system.


Based on the linear theory of gyrotron, and using the Laplace transformation and residue theorem, the kinetic theory of a novel gyrotron with three-mirror quasi-optical cavity is developed within the framework of the linearized Vlasov-Maxwell equations. The beam-wave interaction power, frequency shift and starting current have been derived and numerically calculated. The results indicate that this novel gyrotron has high interaction power when operating at high cyclotron harmonics, and has potential application in THZ band.


A parameter estimation technique is presented to estimate the radiative flux distribution over the earth from radiometer measurements at satellite altitude. The technique analyzes measurements from a wide field of view (WFOV), horizon to horizon, nadir pointing sensor with a mathematical technique to derive the radiative flux estimates at the top of the atmosphere for resolution elements smaller than the sensor field of view. A computer simulation of the data analysis technique is presented for both earth-emitted and reflected radiation. Zonal resolutions are considered as well as the global integration of plane flux. An estimate of the equator-to-pole gradient is obtained from the zonal estimates. Sensitivity studies of the derived flux distribution to directional model errors are also presented. In addition to the WFOV results, medium field of view results are presented.


This paper examines the diverse interpretations and contexts of the term justice, using a social-psychological perspective. It explores the traditional Indian view of justice drawing on sources, such as the epics and theoretical texts. Focusing on the prescrip tive element of various forms of justice, which it is believed are embedded in an implicit action-outcome relationship, an analysis is presented of the different aspects of this relationship, as well as the criteria used to define deservingness in specific situations. The discussion of Western perspectives includes a statement of diverse philosophical views as well as an enumeration of the major social-psychological conceptualisations including the exchange and equity theories and Lerner's "belief in a just world" hypothesis. The empirical literature on distributive justice and reward allocation is reviewed, highlighting cultural differences and those points of view that are relevant to justice in. non-western cultures.


We demonstrate experimentally adaptive recursive-least-square frequency-domain equalization (RLS-FDE) for mode-division-multiplexing. The RLS-FDE algorithm improves convergence speed as transmission distance increases. For MDM transmission over a 1,000-km few-mode fiber, the convergence speed was increased by 17.5 times in comparison with LMS-FDE.


Although there is a consensus among scholars and managers about the importance of human-based assets, there is a lack of understanding of how the evolving role of human capital, will affect governance, control and wealth (or rents) appropriation in the future. This paper offers a conceptual framework for governance design based on human capital value and built upon various theory constructs that have addressed some relevant facets of the human capital dilemma while ignoring others. The paper argues that various forms of employment contractual relationships will emerge to further accommodate this critical asset and proposes some suggestions for future research.


The design of DC-DC converters for power electronic interfaces in power management systems for Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) is a very challenging task. In this paper, the considered topology is the bi-directional buck-boost converter and inverter system. If we make the converter side DC link current the same as the inverter side DC link current in a converter-inverter system, no current will flow through the DC link capacitor and as a result, no DC link voltage variation occurs. This leads to the possibility of reducing small th size of DC link capacitors which are expensive, bulky. Therefore we propose the converter current controller which can manage to match inverter and converter current at the DC link.


This book is an important and timely intervention into the biomedical discourse about the rise of 'chronic' disease, which powerfully shapes clinical care and public health intervention today. In a concise yet wide-ranging introduction, the editors document and challenge the naturalisation of the biomedical notion of chronic disease. They, and the volume's contributors, argue that medical definitions of chronic disease as the binary opposite of 'acute' sickness, attributable to lifestyle factors and biological predisposition, and following a set 'natural history', obscure both key causes and the lived reality of chronic illness. Asserting that the chronic/acute dichotomy lacks meaning in a context where the course of disease depends more on the accessibility of treatment than the diagnosis itself, the contributors aim to bring the key role of longterm problems not normally associated with chronic disease into discussions of its causes and treatment. This volume's goals are both ambitious and important. The contributors aim to contextualise chronicity, revealing that chronic conditions of poverty, social inequality and lack of access to resources contribute as much to cases of chronic disease as do commonly discussed 'lifestyle' factors like sedentism and diet. They also challenge the assumption that 'chronic' equals static, using ethnographic examples to highlight differences in the lived experience of illness over time, both among and within individual cases. In doing so, this book furthers medical anthropological conversations about the role that disjunction plays in the long-term experience of illness, but also looks beyond the field of anthropology. It is positioned to start a conversation with biomedicine about the nature of 'the chronic' that can reconfigure the boundaries drawn around the causes of long-term disease, and the assumptions about the ways people live it out over time, that shape and sometimes hamper treatment. A key strength of this book is its inclusion of diverse ethnographic examples. Contributors draw on fieldwork done around the world, in both wealthy and poor countries, with people experiencing awide range of illnesses. The ethnographic data are often quite rich and provide an engaging and readable grounding for the high-level theoretical interventions that the authors seek to make in the discourse surrounding chronic disease. The book also has a clear and well-conceived structure. It begins with an exploration of the notion of chronicity itself, followed by a section that highlights the role that gender plays in chronic illness and concluding with a section that describes and critiques the intersections between chronic illness and biomedicine. The first section is both readable and theoretically sophisticated, providing alternative notions of chronicity that will inform readers' experience of the subsequent Global Public Health Vol. 7, No. 3, March 2012, 315 316


We use the representation theory of Lie algebras and computational linear algebra to obtain an explicit formula for the hyperdeterminant of a $3 \times 3 \times 2$ array: a homogeneous polynomial of degree 12 in 18 variables with 16749 monomials and 41 distinct integer coefficients; the monomials belong to 178 orbits under the action of $(S_3 \times S_3 \times S_2) \rtimes S_2$. We also obtain the simplest invariant for a $4 \times 4 \times 2$ array: a homogeneous polynomial of degree 8 in 32 variables with 14148 monomials and 13 distinct integer coefficients; the monomials belong to 28 orbits under $(S_4 \times S_4 \times S_2) \rtimes S_2$.


Package management in Linux systems is a popular way to install and update software and the de facto standard on Ubuntu, Debian, Fedora, RedHat, CentOS and OpenSUSE. The software provided in the repositories can however differ when it comes to fixing vulnerabilities since package maintainers in some cases must implement some specific changes to the source used to build the software to make it compatible with the Linux system it is intended to be executed on. The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) standard provides a way to compare how fixes for vulnerabilities is handled on each Linux system where this work is aimed to examine if there exists different patterns when it comes to the time in days it took for a fix to emerge in the changelog for the software. This data is collected by using scripts in Linux to iterate through the National Vulnerability Database (NVD) which contains CVE entries, the severity score in terms of the impact of the vulnerability and references to which systems that the vulnerability affects. The dates are collected by using another script that iterates through the changelog of all available packages and saves the earliest date when the fix was issued. The results show that there is not enough statistical significance to reliably determine if a difference existed between the Linux distributions except when comparing OpenSUSE with Ubuntu, Debian and Fedora where significance was found which suggests that further study is needed. The comparison showed that Ubuntu, Debian and Fedora was slightly better than RedHat on average regarding the time windows between when a CVE was published to when a fix was mentioned in the changelog and OpenSUSE was slower than all other Linux distributions.


The phenomenon of shame is difficult for conceptualization and it is differently constructed depending on discourse or cultural context. The author attempts to define the role of the Other in its emergence and experience. The first appearance of shame psychologists associate with the emergence of self-consciousness at the age of 15-18 months, when a child learns to speak. During this period a child firstly faces a problem of discrepancy between experience level and utterance level. He learns to see himself as another person and to speak about himself as about someone else. This experience gives him an opportunity to be ashamed before the other important person and feel ashamed for himself as for someone else, someone alien, who is paradoxically inside of him. The article also discusses the essential connection of shame with the loss of gift of speech, the imaginary experience of death and nakedness.


As an important supplement to university entrance examination,the system of admission into colleges and universities based on recommendation has been established since the 1950s.At first a candidate was recommended on the strength of his political behaviour,but now personal qualities have become the first consideration in the choice of candidates.


A simple scheme for the appropriate pseudoinverse perturbation, in the inverse kinematics computation, of robot manipulators is presented. The approach is based on properly implementing a bound for a sufficiency condition for the rank preservation of the Jacobian matrix. This bound is established in terms of the Jacobian matrix and on its rate of change matrix infinity norms.<<ETX>>


Through the plot experiment, effects of organic and inorganic compound fertilizer application on growth, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and excitation energy dissipation were investigated in 'Hamihong' melon. The results showed: compared with no fertilizer (CK1) and the conventional fertilization (CK2), under the treatment of organic and inorganic compound fertilizer application properly (T2), the plants growth, chlorophyll content, photochemical maximum efficiency of PSⅡ (Fv /Fm ), actual photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ (Ф PSⅡ ), light energy capture efficiency (Fv '/Fm '), photochemical fluorescence quenching (qP ) and the ration of absorbed light in photochemistry (P) were significantly increased, while minimal fluorescence (Fo ) and the ratio of thermal dissipation (D) were decreased in melon whole growth period. The above results indicated that the proper pattern of combined application was 20 844 kg·hm-2 organic fertilizer and 1 109 kg·hm -2 compound fertilizer (T2) under this experimental condition, to increase chlorophyll content, capture and converse solar energy, and thus improving melon growth.


Significance Dislocation edges on metal surfaces provide loosely bonded atoms, which make the surface more active for chemical corrosion and enhance the chemical reactivity. In this work, we introduce and demonstrate an autocatalytic method in which the dislocation lines in alloys can serve as a template for the growth of a different inorganic material as nanowires. We explain the formation mechanism of an incorporated system of single crystal gold(I)-cyanide nanowires on nanoporous gold during selective dealloying, using the dislocation ends in the prestrained Au-Ag alloy as catalytic centers for crystallization. This method may provide a possible route for controlling the growth direction, shape, and morphology of a crystal according to the original alloy's slip system. Dislocations in metals affect their properties on the macro- and the microscales. For example, they increase a metal's hardness and strength. Dislocation outcrops exist on the surfaces of such metals, and atoms in the proximity of these outcrops are more loosely bonded, facilitating local chemical corrosion and reactivity. In this study, we present a unique autocatalytic mechanism by which a system of inorganic semiconducting gold(I) cyanide nanowires forms within preexisting dislocation lines in a plastically deformed Au-Ag alloy. The formation occurs during the classical selective dealloying process that forms nanoporous Au. Nucleation of the nanowire originates at the surfaces of the catalytic dislocation outcrops. The nanowires are single crystals that spontaneously undergo layer-by-layer one-dimensional growth. The continuous growth of nanowires is achieved when the dislocation density exceeds a critical value evaluated on the basis of a kinetic model that we developed.


Extramammary Paget's disease of axilla is extremely rare and has not been well reported. It can be confused with eczema, superficial spreading melanoma or contact dermatitis. These patients can have an underlying malignancy. We report one such case in a 65 year old female who presented with recurrence of the lesion after 6 years.


The utility model discloses a testing device for a dynamic model of a water soluble cavity construction pipe column of a salt cavern oil storage tank. A cylinder is connected with one end of a water inlet pipe; the water inlet pipe is arranged on a peristaltic pump; a pulsation damper and a flow meter are connected to the middle of the other end of the water inlet pipe respectively; the end part of the other end of the water inlet pipe is connected with an upper connector of a cavity entry joint, is coated with industrial glue and is sealed; one end of a water drain pipe stretches into the cylinder, and the other end of the water drain pipe is connected with a side connector of the cavity entry joint, is coated with the industrial glue and is sealed; the cavity entry joint is connected with an upper cover of an organic glass cavity, is fixed through screws, is coated with the industrial glue and is sealed; an inner cavity construction pipe is connected with a lower connector of the cavity entry joint. The device is simple in structure and convenient to operate, can be used for researching the influences of self-excited vibration and dynamic instability on the inner cavity construction pipe and an outer cavity construction pipe caused by factors such as water flow speed in a cavity construction process, and provides a more real technical guidance for design of cavity construction process parameters; the water flow rate can be precisely and stably regulated, and can be accurately obtained and monitored.


Biomass burning (BB) is a significant contributor to air pollution on global, regional and local scale with impacts on air quality, public health and climate. Anhydrosugars and methoxyphenols are key tracers emitted through BB. Once emitted, they can undergo complex multiphase chemistry in the atmosphere contributing to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. However, their chemical multiphase processing is not yet well understood and investigated by models. Thus, the present study aimed at a better understanding of the multiphase chemistry of these BB tracers by detailed model studies with a new developed CAPRAM biomass burning module (CAPRAM-BBM).This module was developed based on the kinetic data from our laboratory measurements at TROPOS and other literature studies. The developed CAPRAM-BBM includes 2991 reactions (9 phase transfers and 2982 aqueous-phase reactions). By coupling with the multiphase chemistry mechanism MCMv3.2/CAPRAM4.0 and the extended CAPRAM aromatics (CAPRAM-AM1.0) and halogen modules (CAPRAM-HM3.0), itis being applied for residential wood burning cases in Europeand wildfire cases in the US. Our model results show that levoglucosan and vanillin are effectively oxidized under cloud conditions. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that the chemistry of BB tracers can affect the budgets of key oxidants such as H2O2, and contribute to the SOA formation especially by increasing the fraction of brown carbon and substituted organic acids.


The descriptive research taken in Lampung, South Sulawesi and East Java proposed to express the coffee and tobacco performance. Based on primary and secondary data, the result showed that the credit for coffee and tobacco farmers in Lampung, South Sulawesi and East Java came from the formal, non-formal finance institution and the government program. The formal institution has better screening, longer delivery; better pattern of incentive and also better finance enforcement than non-formal institution. (Penulis: Peneliti Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Badan Litbang Pertanian, Bogor)


The Plaintiffs mother and next friend were extremely pleased with the result, particularly as earlier payments into court of £15000 and £24000 had been made. It was also agreed by the next friend that, save for the past care award, any further balance of damages would remain in court for the Plaintiffs to the level of care provided solely in relation to the Erb's Palsy and also in relation to assessment of pain and suffcring and loss of amenity. The only case which the Plaintiff's solicitors could find in Kemp and Kemp relating specifically to shoulder dystocia was Giles LJ. Ponufract Health Anthority. The Defendants argued that the award of £25000 for pain and suffering for this Plaintiff (whose physical disabilities were similar), was out of line with all other reported cases and the Judicial Studies Board Guidelines. Furthermore, it was inevitable that the Plaintiffs autism would lead to a reduction by the Trial Judge, and Counsel for the Plaintiff put damages for pain and suffering at approximately £15000. The Defendants' solicitors conceded no award for additional nursing care, a factor which was supported by the paediatric evidence for both sides. However, the Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy reports for the Plaintiff agreed with our nursmg expert's view that some additional care would have been required for the Plaintiff over and above what his mother would have provided because of the autism. The claim finally settled just before trial and at the hearing before District Judge Samuels, approval of total damages in the sum of £30 000 was given on the following basis: PHARYNGOPLASTY CARDIO RESPIRATORY ARREST BRAIN DAMAGE


ONLY a few cases of the familial occurrence of disseminated lupus erythematosus have been reported in the literature. This report is concerned with the observation of disseminated lupus erythematosus occurring in both mother and daughter. Case Reports Case 1. J.K., a 44-year-old housewife, was admitted to the Beth-El Hospital on September 4, 1953. She had emigrated from Russia at the age of 2. Her mother had died of a "stroke" at 65, and her father of a heart attack at 64 years of age. Two sisters were living and well. One brother had had rheumatic fever and hay fever. She . . .


The invention refers to a plate package for a plate heat exchanger, a method for manufacturing a plate package, a use of a plate package, and a plate heat exchanger. The plate package includes a plurality of heat exchanger plates ( 1 ), which are stacked on each other and which each includes a number of portholes. The plates ( 1 ) are compression molded and permanently connected to each other in a number of joints in such a manner that the plates between each other form a first passage for a first fluid and a second passage for a second fluid. The plate package is designed to permit at least one of the fluids to flow through the respective passages at a predetermined maximum working pressure. The plate package has an increased strength achieved by subjecting at least one of the passages to at least a local inner plastic deformation of the plate package.


In this work, p–double network (p–DN) hydrogels were formed by the interpenetration of poly(2–acrylamide–2–methylpropanesulfonic acid–copolymer– acrylamide) microgel and polyacrylamide. The initial viscosity of prepolymer solution before hydrogel polymerization, mechanical properties, temperature and salt resistance of the hydrogels were studied. The results showed that the initial viscosity of the prepolymer was less than 30 mP·s, and the p–DN hydrogel not only exhibited high compressive stress (37.80 MPa), but the compressive strength of p–DN hydrogel could also reach 23.45 MPa after heating at 90 °C, and the compressive strength of p–DN hydrogel could reach 13.32 MPa after soaking for 24 h in the solution of 5W mineralization. In addition, the cyclic loading behavior of hydrogel was studied. The dissipation energy of p–DN hydrogel under 80% strain was 7.89 MJ/m3, which effectively dissipated energy. Meanwhile, p–DN hydrogel maintained its original form while breaking the pressure greater than 30 MPa, indicating excellent plugging performance.


. COVID-19 has affected the way and manner financial statements are prepared, and audit engagements, information gathering and reporting. The aim of the paper is to highlights some of the practical challenges auditors may face in auditing financial statements of an organization in the light of COVID-19 and areas to put more emphasis in their audit reports. Documentary research design was employed and secondary data sources were collected and used for this research. The paper found out that Professional associations, accounting and auditing bodies are monitoring issues and situations as they unfold that may affect the financial statements and audits reports due to the impact of COVID-19. Moreover, they are ready all the time to issue out additional guidelines as new development unfold, and continue to update professional accountants on issues patterning to the continuity of the organization business, workforce, economic impact and other resources to help their members to serve their clients better in this period of pandemic. The paper recommends that Auditors are expected to display enough professional skepticism and judgement and be focused on public interest and ethical responsibilities bestowed on them, and continue to apply the principles contain in auditing standards fully, as well as comply with the fundamental principles of professional competence, confidentiality, objectivity, independence, care and skills and behave professionally, as keys that will preserve and expand auditors trust in the face of the public.


BMI is often used to assess risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, current BMI cutpoints may not be accurate for all ethnicities. Given the high prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes in Hispanics, it is important to examine whether current BMI cutpoints accurately identify those at healthy weight and those at risk. We examined whether there was a difference in CVD risk factors within the normal-weight BMI category in young, Hispanic women. We hypothesized that women in the highest tertile of normal-weight would have significantly more CVD risk factors than those in the lowest tertile of normal-weight. Sixty nine normal-weight Hispanic women (20-39 y) were divided into tertiles of normal-weight BMI: 18.5-20.9 kg/m2 (NW low, n=17), 21.0-22.9 kg/m2 (NW mid, n=31) and 23.0-24.9 kg/m2 (NW high, n=21). CVD risk factors measured included waist circumference, blood pressure and fasting glucose, triglycerides and high-density and low-density lipoprotein. Glucose tolerance was measured by a 2h oral gluc...


Based on the situations of employment for college graduates and the objective requirement of knowledge economy development in the 21st century,this paper proposes that career-making education is an important way to do well in guiding the employment of college graduates.