Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a complex disease. Recent discovery that fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) play a major role in development of CKD related bone mineral disorder (BMD) indicated a paradigm shift in our understanding of CKD–BMD. Recent research indicates that higher levels of FGF23 are associated with rapid progression of CKD and higher mortality in CKD patients. It is found that FGF23 level in blood is elevated significantly early in the course of CKD, even before a rise in parathyroid hormone (PTH) level which could contribute directly to tissue injury in heart, blood vessels and kidneys, apart from just being a marker of adverse outcome, and this needs further research.
 The dietary habits, especially phosphate intake is likely to be different in Indian CKD population compared to western CKD population.

 This is an observational study on 75 consecutive patients visiting Apollo hospital nephrology OPD in Chennai, India from June 2015 to Nov 2015. FGF23 level were determined simultaneously with serum creatinine, albumin, Vitamin D level, serum calcium, phosphate and serum PTH level done on enrolment. Serum samples when not immediately processed, were stored at -20oC.

 The age of the patient population varied from 19 to 80 years, mean 53.33 yrs with a SD of 15.49. 57(76%) were males and 18(24%) females. In our study, 46.7%patients belonged to CKD stage 4 while CKD stage 3 and 5 had 25.3% and 28% among the study population respectively.
 The mean FGF23 level in study population was 154.82pg/ml (Normal range 11-48.6 pg/ml). Though the FGF23 values in stage 5 CKD were higher than those in stage 3 and 4 CKD, the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.74). In our study, 63 patients (84%) had high FGF23 level and 56(74.7%) patients were already on phosphate binding drugs and PTH suppressing drugs like vit D or cinacalcet for at least 2 months. 48(85.7%) patients of those on medications and 15 (79%) of those not on medications had high FGF23 level (P value -0.48, Yates P value-0.739).
 In our study, PTH had an inverse correlation with eGFR and the association was statistically significant (P value 0.001). Serum Phosphorus level had an inverse correlation with eGFR and the association was statistically significant (P value 0.0001). Correlation of FGF23 values with eGFR was negative which was expected as the FGF23 levels increased with decreasing eGFR, but the association was not statistically significant. Similar results were obtained when FGF23 values were studied for association with serum calcium levels where the P value was 0.359 which was not statistically significant. Similarly, vit D levels had a negative association with P value of 0.077 and PTH levels had a positive association with P value of 0.987 (No statistical significance). Similarly, FGF23 levels and phosphate levels had a positive association without statistical significance(p= 0.224).

 In conclusion, our data indicate that the rise of serum FGF23 levels in progressive Indian CKD patients is a common finding in CKD stage 3 and beyond.


This paper presents a /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ analog to digital converter based on a new "single shot" architecture. The circuit is targeted at applications, such as industrial automation, where it is desirable to multiplex inputs from a number of independent sources. The "single shot" /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ does not require filter settling and so maximises the overall conversion rate for multiplexed applications. The fabricated converter consists of a fourth order /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulator plus a simple digital filter. It achieves 16 bit resolution with an oversampling rate of 200 samples per conversion. The circuit produces a new conversion every 350 microseconds.


Donald Davidson inaugurated an extremely promising and fruitful way of thinking about how thought responds to the world. He attempted to show that intelligibility and responsiveness to the world are closely tied. A critical mass of thoughts large enough to be semantically self-standing - does not require the contribution of any further thought to be understood - has to be, in some measure, already in contact with the world. Davidson's original insight contrasts with the commonly held idea that there should be specific points where thought makes contact with the world - the idea that fuels what we shall label 'the bottleneck picture of how thought connects with the world'. Once we fully exorcise this picture, it makes no sense to ask what we know if it becomes clear that we know. In this paper we intend to debunk this picture and to draw consequences for a thoroughly holistic picture of human knowledge.


Based on the analysis framework of "rational economic man-benefit maximization-public choice" which comes from the western political and economic public choice theory,this paper analyzes the practice of Guangzhou old city renovation and proves the applicability of that theory:the "economic man" pursues his maximum interests both in political decision-making and economic decision-making.Furthermore,through some examples of finished old village renovation projects,this paper analyzes the motives and results of the public choice behaviors of the municipal government,developers,village collective,and villagers during the old city renovation process.The paper affirms the positive effects of old city renovation on improving land-use efficiency and promoting city quality,and also rethinks the problem of "justice and efficiency" in the renovation.


Abstract In the present investigation, 5 wt% chemical grade MnO2 was added in a mixture of 50:50 Nigerian sources of kaolin and superfine calcined alumina powder and effect of this transition metal ion on their physico-mechanical properties, phase and microstructural evolution were studied during heating in the temperature range of 1,400–1,650°C. The heated samples were found to be highly porous (>30%) in this entire temperature range. The doping of 5 wt% MnO2 in this mixture did not improved the densification, but resulted into higher flexural strength (26 MPa) at 1,400°C compared to 7 MPa in the undoped sample. At 1,650°C, the reverse trend was observed, the flexural strength of undoped sample was found to be higher (38 MPa) than doped sample (27 MPa). The XRD study revealed the formation of mullite as major and corundum as minor phases in both the samples. The microstructural study shown the presence of needle shaped mullite crystals and corundum grains. The presence of inter-granular and intra-granular pores in MnO2 doped samples might have reduced the strength at 1,650°C. The aspect ratio of mullite needle at 1,650°C was found to be higher in doped sample. The theoretical and experimental value of >4 for MnO2 ion has been validated.


Lifelike pedagogical agents offer significant promise for addressing a central problem posed by learning environments: detecting and correcting students' misconceptions. By designing engaging lifelike avatars and introducing them into task-oriented 3D learning environments, we can enable them to serve a dual communication role. They can serve as students' representatives in learning environments and simultaneously provide realtime advice to address their misconceptions. We describe a three-phase avatar-based misconception correction framework in which (1) as students navigate their avatars through 3D learning environments, a misconception detector tracks their problem-solving activities by inspecting task networks, (2) when they take sub-optimal or incorrect actions, a misconception classifier examines misconception trees to identify the most salient misconceptions, and (3) the avatars employ a misconception corrector to intervene with tailored advice. The framework has been implemented in a misconception system for the lifelike avatar of CPU CITY, a 3D learning environment testbed for the domain of fundamentals of computer architecture. In CPU CITY, students direct their lifelike avatar to navigate a 3D world consisting of a virtual computer, to transport data and address packets, and to manipulate computational devices. Informal studies with students interacting with CPU CITY suggest that the framework can is an effective tool for addressing students' misconceptions.


The invention relates to a folding container bottle-shaped. It relates to a container having a body comprising walls and opposed front and rear spaced (14), two opposed spaced side walls (28), a bottom wall (70) defining a base and an opening ( 80) distribution spaced from the bottom wall. The side walls are each formed by a pair of side panels (32, 34) which are connected along a longitudinal hinge line and forming an acute angle with the respective front wall or rear, each side wall having a plurality of bodies bridge (66) which are separated from each other along the longitudinal line of articulation. Application to beverage bottles.


Recapitulation of posttransfusion purpura by cross-strain platelet immunization in mice. Bougie DW, Sutton J, and Aster RH, Blood Adv 2020;4(2):287-95 Cross-strain platelet immunization drives production of alloantibodies to the donor glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa and GPIb; under some conditions, this can transition to an autoimmune response targeting endogenous platelets. In posttransfusion purpura (PTP), patients mount an IgG-mediated immune response to transfused human platelet alloantigens (HPAs), resulting in dramatic thrombocytopenia. This most commonly occurs in multiparous female HPA-1a–negative patients transfused with a blood product containing HPA-1a–positive platelets. The recipient produces HPA-1a alloantibodies. Both transfused HPA-1a antigen-positive and endogenous HPA-1a–negative platelets are destroyed, resulting in severe thrombocytopenia. The mechanism by which the recipient's antigen-negative platelets are destroyed remains obscure. Bougie et al. performed cross-strain and syngeneic intraperitoneal immunizations using four mouse lines (two common inbred laboratory strains: C57, 129; and two wild-derived strains: SPRET, PWK) selected on the basis of the existence of small variations in the amino acid sequences (between 2 and 19 residues) across the extracellular domains of three glycoprotein complexes (GPIIb, GPIIIa, and GPIbα). All 48 cross-strain immunizations resulted in the production of alloantibodies against the immunizing strain's GPIIb/IIIa and GPIb sequence, and the strength of the response was proportional to the relatedness of the coding sequences. In 33 of 48 mice immunized with cross-strain platelets, syngeneic platelet-reactive autoantibodies were detected that recognized platelets from both the donor and the recipient strain. These autoantibodies were weaker than the alloantibodies. In mice transfused with strainidentical platelets, platelet count decreased by an average of 18%. Strain-disparate, major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-identical pairings showed an average platelet count decrease of 38%, and platelet counts dropped by 73% in strain and MHC-disparate donor-recipient pairs. The most pronounced difference was seen in PWK-129 pairings, in which 95% of the immunizedmice developed severe thrombocytopenia (mean platelet count decrease = 88%). In contrast, the PWK-C57 pairing produced a 33% decrease despite strong alloantibody production. Autoantibody production was inversely correlated with platelet counts. These data define a mouse model of PTP demonstrating a transition from alloantibody production to autoantibody production in mice. The findings support the theory that PTP is an autoimmune disorder driven by autoantibodies that are generated incidentally by an immune response against platelet alloantigens.


The wide range of applications of strain sensors leads to an increased interest on flexible, cost effective, and low-power devices for strain and bending measurements. A simply structured sensor that meets these requirements is studied using a finite-element analysis. The sensor design focuses on the sensor performance variations for different applications and takes into account the fabrication process that can be used for elastomeric flexible sensors. Both large and small strain performance is considered. The simulation results are also compared with experimental measurements exploiting a flexible parallel plate capacitive strain sensor comprising carbon black-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite layers as electrodes and PDMS as the dielectric and encapsulation material. A simple and low-cost fabrication process was used, and the sensor was tested in a cantilever beam measurement setup. The device exhibits linear capacitive response (R2=0.999) and gauge factor 1.45 for small strain changes.


This paper describes a system of modules for creating specialized high-speed processors for sampling events in nuclear physics experiments. The system can operate with unencoded detector signals, use fast table lookups, and realize sequential sampling methods by means of loop operations. Data are entered into the tables and registers of all modules and are read out using the COMPEX protocol.


For the past 30 years the author has been actively engaged in research on the analysis of reinforced and prestressed concrete box girder bridges in the span ranges from 60 to 750 feet. This paper is based primarily on this experience. The basic purpose of research in analysis is to provide methods for accurately predicting the structural response of these bridges. The author focuses on past, present, and future research in the analysis of concrete box girder bridges.


The yield of raw cashew nuts in Benin remains relatively low, mainly because of the planting material used by farmers. Indeed, cashew tree producers use the nuts all-from previous years for the installation of plantations. The use of grafted seedlings is today an alternative, to improve the yield of new plantations. However, grafted plants are fragile and don't survive easily the dry season of the year in which they are planted, with a high mortality rate due to their fragility. This research conducted on tropical ferruginous soils in Central Benin aims to evaluate the reaction of grafted cashew seedlings to different formulas of mineral and organic fertilizers applied as bottom fertilization. For the study, a Randomized Complete Block Design with three repetitions was installed. Each repetition consists of 11 treatments. The generalized linear model (glm) was used to perform the analysis of variance with SPSS v21 software which to compare the effects of the treatments. The organo-mineral formulas N40P80K72 + 2 kg of poultry droppings and N40P80 + 2 kg of poultry droppings applied as bottom manure allowed for better results in terms of recovery and growth parameters of grafted plants installed in the field. These fertilizer formulas allowed the grafted cashew plants to survive 85% and 80% respectively after installation. They also improved height growth, vigor and the ability to emit many leaves. To reduce the mortality rate of cashew transplants, these fertilizer formulas can be suggested to growers for the establishment of new plantations.


Purpose: To report a case series of two cases of granulomatosis with polyangiitis, previously known as Wegener granulomatosis, which developed macular necrosis, not previously associated with granulomatosis with polyangiitis, healed with fibrosis, despite aggressive immune-modulating therapy and good control of systemic disease. Methods: Case series of two cases with observation of treatment progress. Results: The results reported the progress of response to treatment in the two cases, which resulted in the final outcome of fibrosis in the macula region, despite being on aggressive immune-modulating therapy and good systemic control. Conclusion: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis can be associated with macular necrosis leading to fibrosis, unresponsive to immune-modulating therapy.


BACKGROUND The main purpose of this article is to establish the usefulness of Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) as complementary tools to conventional MRI sequences in characterizing benign (pancreatitis) and malignant (pancreatic adenocarcinoma) pancreatic pathologies in comparison to a control group. METHODS A prospective observational study was done over a period of two years with images obtained using Siemens Magnatom Avanto 1.5T MRI. 130 patients with pancreatic abnormalities were included in this study. An additional control group included 32 patients with normal pancreatic parenchyma. MRI findings including DWI and ADC values were calculated for all patients which was then correlated with clinical, lab and histopathological data. Out of the 130 positive cases, 116 (89 %) were benign and 14 (11%) were malignant lesions based on MRI features. Benign lesions include acute pancreatitis (47%), acute on chronic pancreatitis (11%) and chronic pancreatitis (31%). Rest of the cases were pancreatic adenocarcinomas (11%). There was significant reduction of ADC values in patients with acute pancreatitis (mean ADC - 1.016 x 10 -3 ), acute on chronic pancreatitis (mean ADC - 1.122 x 10 -3 ) and chronic pancreatitis (mean ADC - 1.277 x 10 -3 ) as well as pancreatic carcinoma (mean ADC - 0.934 x 10 -3 ) in comparison with the control group (mean ADC - 1.363 x 10 -3 ). DWI with ADC mapping can play a significant role in the evaluation of pancreatic diseases. It can help in differentiating benign and malignant disease (ADC values of malignancy are significantly lower than benign disease).


By using the electrical network approach, explicit formula for the expected hitting times for simple random walks on wheel graphs is obtained.


The purpose of this paper is to conduct a literature survey on the research of selfdriving car which operating in an urban environment. The chosen literature is the literature published since the 2007 DARPA Urban Challenge (DUC) competition and fulfills the criteria of autonomous vehicle level 3 or higher based on the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). In addition to using sources from scientific publications, this survey also carried out through websites of companies that develop self-driving car as well as through news published on various media. This is because not all commercial companies publish the results of their research through scientific papers. The results of this survey are a comparison of the main technologies used in the existing self-driving car systems, as well as comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each of these technologies. The conclusion can help researchers find the latest information about self-driving car technology and find a direction of research in the field of self-driving car.


This paper focuses on a catchment in northern Tanzania, the Makanya catchment in the South Pare Mountains, where people have only recently started monitoring rainfall and runoff. The main interest of this research is to assess the hydrological situation in this widely ungauged catchment, both in the past and the present, and special attention is given to different scales. The largest scale is the Makanya catchment with an area of 320 km 2 , and the smallest scale the Vudee sub-catchment with an area of 24 km 2 . The ungauged history of the hydrology has been assessed through interviews and transect walks with local elders. Subsequently a timeline has been established of the hydrology and related driving forces. This has been compared to the meteorological data observed in a nearby catchment. A multiple linear regression (MLR) model for the Vudee sub-catchment based on the 2004-2005 data set was used to assess the current state of the hydrology.


This publication gives a short overview of current developments in modeling and simulation of hot rolling processes of metals at the Institute of Metal Forming of RWTH Aachen University. It is based on the fundamentals treated in Part I also contained in this conference issue. It features applications in the field of fast on-line models, where a fast multi-stage rolling model and an analytical approach for predicting the through-thickness shear distribution are presented. In addition, a new concept for sensitivity analysis by automatic differentiation is introduced and discussed. Finally, applications of rolling simulations in the field of integrated computational materials engineering are presented with a focus on TWIP and linepipe steels as well as aluminum.


This work investigates the carbonation of KOH-dissolved methanol and ethanol solution systems carried out for fixation. Potassium methyl carbonate (PMC) and potassium ethyl carbonate (PEC) were synthesized during the reaction in each solution as the solid powder, and they were characterized in detail. The amount of chemically absorbed to produce the PMC and PEC precipitates were calculated to be 97.90% and 99.58% of their theoretical values, respectively. In addition, a substantial amount of was physically absorbed in the solution during the carbonation. PMC precipitates were consisted of the pure PMC and with the weight ratio of 5:5, respectively. PEC precipitates were also mixture of the pure PEC and with the weight ratio of 8:2, respectively. When these two precipitates were dissolved in excess water, methanol and ethanol were regenerated remaining solid in the solutions. Therefore, the process has the potential to be one of the efficient options of CCS and CCU technologies.


ntroduction: reasoning the recommendations increases mothers' adherence and satisfaction in the healthy child program visits. A recommendation can be conside...


Abstract Biomedical databases or repositories have scientific information that is evidence based and protecting such documents from tampering or non-repudiation is very significant. The traditional techniques for the same have limitations in the distributed environments. Scientific contributions are to be safeguarded and it is one of the challenging problems. Blockchain is the promising technology that can support distributed ledger of transactions and thus it is found suitable for protecting biomedical repositories. As blockchain is a proven technology associated with crypto-currency known as Bitcoin in finance domain, it has plenty of opportunities in other domains. In this paper, a framework that is based on blockchain technology (BCT) for protection of biomedical databases with integrity and non-repudiation is presented. The framework will have underlying mechanisms to exploit blockchain to have a protection service and smart contracts to be more flexible and dynamic to adapt new requirements from time to time. The framework is domain specific but can pave way for motivation for adapting it to new domains as well.


Chinese thought of people are essential part belongs to different category from western democracy , the thought of people are essential part was together with the idea of worshiping gods on the purpose of protecting the power of the kings or emperors , the thought that people are essential part was carried only for the reason that it can keep throne stable. The idea of reverence for heaven and kind to people is the highlight of the thought carried by Dongzhongshu. The idea to be good to people, with the idea of reverence for heaven, went a further step than in the time of Spring and Autumn periods and War States periods, and went on the height that this kind of thought could be. He stressed on that the rulers should be kindheartedness to people. He put forward the idea of keeping balance between the poor and the rich. His ideas on education made the people foolish, although he only wanted to teach them to obey the rulers.


This paper describes parameter setting of noise reduction filter using speech recognition system. Parameter setting problem is usually solved by maximization or minimization of some bj ctive evaluation functions such as correlation and statistical independence. However, when we consider a single-channel noisy signal, it is difficult to employ such objective functions. It is also difficult to employ them when we consider impulsive noise because its duration is very small to use this assumption. To solve the problems, we directly use a speech recognition system as evaluation function for parameter setting. As an example, we employ time-frequency ε-filter and Julius as a filtering system and a speech recognition system, respectively. The experimental results show that the proposed approach has a potential to set the parameter in unknown environments.


A novel apparatus for pulsed laser photolysis generation of radicals coupled with laser induced fluorescence (LIF) detection of OH has been developed at the University of York, enabling kinetic studies of atmospheric and combustion-relevant chemical reactions.

Direct LIF detection was used to identify unambiguously OH as a product of O2 + RCO reactions, for the first time, where R = CH3CH2CH2, (CH3)2CH, (CH3)3C, CH3CH2CH2CH2, (CH3)2CHCH2, and CH3CH2CH(CH3). Pressure- dependent (13 - 120 Torr) OH yields were determined by comparison of time-resolved OH LIF profiles with those obtained from the well-characterised CH3CO + O2 → OH reaction. Results not only illustrate the dependency of OH yield on chain length and degree of branching within the R group, but also resolve a literature discrepancy for CH3CH2CO + O2 .

OH produced from RCO + O2 was used as a spectroscopic marker to study the kinetics of Cl + RCHO. This indirect method produced the first values for Cl + (CH3)2CHCH2CHO ((3.1 ± 0.6) × 10−10 cm3 molecule−1 s−1) and CH3CH2CH(CH3)CHO ((1.2 ± 0.3) × 10−10 cm3 molecule−1 s −1) at 298 K, with results for other Cl + RCHO and OH + RCHO reactions agreeing well with previous literature.

Finally, the reactions of RC(O)O2 with HO2 were investigated at temperatures between 293 and 400 K. Preliminary experiments in the absence of HO2 recorded OH production from a previously unknown source, potentially RC(O)O2 + RC(O)O2. OH production from RC(O)O2 + HO2, identified for the first time when R = CH3CH2, (CH3)2CH, (CH3)3C, (CH3)2CHCH2, and CH3CH2CH(CH3), demonstrates that significant OH production is a general feature of HO2 + RC(O)O2 reactions.


A distributed information model of spline finite strip method based on the Multi-agent system is raised, and its mathematics expression is given to describe the operational situation of each Agents. The characters of the splines can be identified and the request from the CAX system can be processed through the Spline Agents' intercourse and collaboration in the model. Finally, a simple pass design of cold roll forming is taken as an example to illustrate the application of the mathematical model.


The present invention provides a method and system for filtering instruction flow comprises an operable mass flow meter has a filter (230) for generating an intermediate filtered instruction flow (235), it is filtered instructions weighted flow (235) (Eighted) to generate a first differential signal, and the weighted first derivative signal of an intermediate filtered instruction flow (235) and the intermediate filtered instruction flow (235) generating an instruction flow (235) from the addition.


There is no more effective medium with which to communicate, train, and present. The measure of a program's success, however, is more a function of thoughtful and professional planning rather than an exercise in slick effects and visual gymnastics. Appropriate use of the medium includes: 1) process orientation, 2) adequate preparation, and 3) qualified vendor support.


Smart windows are one of the key components of so‐called "green" buildings. These windows are based on an actively switchable electro‐optic material that is sandwiched between two transparent electrodes. Although great progress has been made in identifying the optimal materials for such active windows, there is still a great need to improve their key elements, especially the performance of the transparent electrodes. Here, a new suspended particle device (SPD), holding a great potential for smart window applications, which is built upon copper‐reduced graphene oxide (Cu‐rGO) core–shell nanowire (NW) films as a transparent conductive electrode is reported. With the wrapping of rGO, the Cu NW electrodes demonstrate both high optical transparency and electrical conductivity, as well as significantly improved stability under various testing conditions. The novel sandwich‐structured SPDs, based on these electrodes, show a large change in their optical transmittance (42%) between "on" and "off" states, impressively fast switching time and superior stability. These high performances are comparable to those of the SPDs based on indium tin oxide electrodes. These promising results pave the way for the electrodes to be an integral part of a variety of optoelectronic devices, including energy‐friendly and flexible electronics.


Abstract The ratio between the number of functional groups grafted in micro and macropores for Purolite C 150 resin, a macroporous styrene‐divinylbenzene copolymer, with –SO3H functional groups, was evaluated using a kinetic procedure based on a bidisperse pore model. The proposed procedure requires potentiometric measurement at constant temperature in batch system of the fractional approach to equilibrium for H+/Na+ ion exchange process on the macroporous resin in concentrated external solution, 1.00 mol/L NaCl. The macropore integral interdiffusion coefficients were computed at each point on the fractional approach to equilibrium versus time curve, for different values of the β/α parameter of the model, which is three times the ratio of micropore and macropore uptake at equilibrium. Several discrimination criteria were used to select a reliable β/α value. The result for Purolite C 150 resin is β/α ≤ 0.03; the ratio between the sulfonic groups grafted onto micro and macropores is equal to or lower than 1/100.


BACKGROUND Little is known about the possible association between nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and allograft survival and overall patient survival. OBJECTIVE To determine the association between posttransplant NMSC and early to mid‐term allograft survival and overall patient survival after kidney, liver, or heart transplantation. METHODS AND MATERIALS We retrospectively reviewed patients identified from the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network/United Network for Organ Sharing database. The study included adult recipients of kidney (n=46,216), liver (n=8,049), and heart (n=8,519) transplants from 1996 to 2001. RESULTS Multivariate analysis showed that kidney recipients with NMSC had a significantly lower risk of allograft loss (relative risk (RR)=0.55, p<.001) and death (RR=0.55; p<.001) within 5 years of transplantation than recipients without NMSC. Significantly lower risk of death was also observed for liver recipients (RR=0.28, p<.001) and heart recipients (RR=0.25; p<.001) with NMSC. CONCLUSIONS Longer early to mid‐term allograft and overall survival was seen in patients with NMSC, but long‐term survival rates must be examined to determine whether mortality rates increase later for patients with NMSC, as noted in previous studies. The authors have indicated no significant interest with commercial supporters.


Different approaches to the structure of 1 Timothy The opinion on the structure of Paul's first letter to Timothy is very much diversified.1 One widely-used approach is to see two major divisions in the body of the letter, 1.3–3.16 and 4.1–6.21, as reflected in the "Outline of Content" of this letter supplied by the Good News Bible (GNB). this approach is probably based on the observations that there is hymn-like material placed at the middle of the letter (3.14-16) and that the section before the hymn-like material (1.3–3.13) generally deals with issues related to the governance of the church, while the issues dealt with in the section after it are more specific in nature. Hence, in "A Quick Look at this Letter" that the contemporary english Version (ceV) supplies for this letter, we have the outline of contents as follows: Greetings (1.1-2) instructions for church Life (1.3–3.13) the Mystery of Our Religion (3.14–4.5) Paul's Advice to timothy (4.6–6.21)


Recent work demonstrated that computer graphics techniques can be used to improve face recognition performances by synthesizing multiple new views of faces available in existing face collections. By so doing, more images and more appearance variations are available for training, thereby improving the deep models trained on these images. Similar rendering techniques were also applied at test time to align faces in 3D and reduce appearance variations when comparing faces. These previous results, however, did not consider the computational cost of rendering: At training, rendering millions of face images can be prohibitive; at test time, rendering can quickly become a bottleneck, particularly when multiple images represent a subject. This paper builds on a number of observations which, under certain circumstances, allow rendering new 3D views of faces at a computational cost which is equivalent to simple 2D image warping. We demonstrate this by showing that the run-time of an optimized OpenGL rendering engine is slower than the simple Python implementation we designed for the same purpose. The proposed rendering is used in a face recognition pipeline and tested on the challenging IJB-A and Janus CS2 benchmarks. Our results show that our rendering is not only fast, but improves recognition accuracy.


Introduction:
 It is certain that comprehensive noninvasive assessment of LV and RV hemodynamics is valuable in the management of patients with heart failure (HF); however, the value of the noninvasive bi-ventricular hemodynamic assessment has been hampered by methodological limitations. Dual Doppler echocardiography was used to overcome the limitations by measuring a time difference between the mitral and tricuspid valve opening (MO-TO time) in a real-time fashion.

 Hypothesis:
 We hypothesized that MO-TO time was of additive prognostic value in patients with HF.

 Methods:
 We prospectively enrolled 60 patients with sinus rhythm who were admitted because of worsening of HF and underwent an invasive hemodynamic study after stabilization of the acute phase of HF. MO-TO time was measured in addition to routine echo parameters, invasive hemodynamic parameters and plasma BNP level in all patients. Patients were divided into either of two groups based on the MO-TO time: MOP (MO precedes to TO), and TOP (TO precedes to MO) groups. We followed up the predefined adverse outcome, cardiovascular death, and hospitalization due to worsening HF in all patients for a year.

 Results:
 The pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) and mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) were higher in the MOP group than in the TOP group (21 ± 8.5 vs. 11 ± 4.5 mmHg, p < 0.001; 32 ± 8.8 vs. 21 ± 5.5, p < 0.001), respectively. PAWP and mPAP correlated with the MO-TO time (r = -0.74, p < 0.001; r = -0.70, p < 0.001). MOP had a high probability of adverse cardiovascular outcome (Log-rank test; p = 0.002). In univariate Cox analysis, mitral E/A ratio, BNP, and MO-TO time were significant predictors (p = 0.044, p = 0.019, and p = 0.012), respectively. An addition of MOP improved the predictive power of univariate predictors (mitral E/A ratio, BNP) in the bivariate Cox analysis.

 Conclusions:
 The MO-TO time may be a useful marker to detect the elevation of PAWP and mPAP. MOP reflects pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease and has a prognostic value in predicting adverse cardiovascular events in patients with HF.


Abstract l-Ribulose 5-phosphate 4-epimerase (EC 5.1.3._.) from Aerobacter aerogenes was purified to homogeneity as determined by a constant specific activity with recrystallization, a single protein band and coincident activity peak in a polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and a constant molecular weight across the cell in high speed equilibrium ultracentrifugation. The latter method gave an approximate molecular weight of 1.14 x 105. No bound NAD+ was detected when (a) the purified enzyme was tested for NAD+ by microbiological assay, (b) the epimerase was purified from a nicotinic acid auxotroph grown on 14C-nicotinic acid, or (c) fluorescence and absorption spectra were measured. Activity measurements indicated that the enzyme does not require NAD+ for activity nor is the rate of epimerization enhanced by the presence of NAD+, NADH, NADP+, or NADPH. These results show that the mechanism of 4-epimerization for l-ribulose-5-phosphate and d-xylulose-5-phosphate differs from that for UDP-glucose and UDP-galactose. It is evident that the possibilities now include oxidation-reduction utilizing an as yet unrecognized acceptor or an entirely different mechanism.


Label propagation and manifold ranking have been successfully adopted in content-based image retrieval (CBIR) in recent years. However, while the global low-level features are widely utilized in current systems, region-based features have received little attention. In this paper, a novel transductive framework based on correlated probabilistic label propagation is proposed for region-based images retrieval (RBIR), which can be characterized by three key properties: (1) unified feature matching (UFM) is chosen to measure the similarity between two segmented images. (2) To represent the segmented images in a uniform feature space, a generative model is adopted and the probabilistic labels of each image can be obtained. (3) In the retrieval process, multiple probabilistic labels of training samples are propagated simultaneously on the weighted graph, and the correlation among different labels are explored. Experimental results on 10000 images show that our algorithm can greatly improve the retrieval performance of the RBIR system.


professional duty to submit the following narrative of a very painful case, in which death rapidly followed the administration of a small quantity of the tinctures of aconite and belladonna. On Saturday, the 8th of last January, about half-past six o'clock in the evening, a young man, previously in good health, but suffering at the time from slight headache, called at a drug establishment in this city, to get advice about his casual ailment from a young medical student, with whom he had been for a consider-


The paper deals with state observer design for nonlinear quasicanonical systems under the action of external disturbances without entering dynamic model of disturbances. Decomposition synthesis procedure of an observer with continuous smooth S-shaped corrective actions in the form of sigma-functions is designed. This observer provides estimation of unmeasured state variables and external bounded disturbances with any given accuracy. These algorithms are used in the control system of an induction motor under external disturbance with incomplete measurements.


This paper covers recent development of nanostructured semiconductors, in particular, quantum dots for the application to photonic communication devices including semiconductor optical amplifiers and all-optical signal processing devices.


I present here a translation of the final claims by Charles Baudelaire's defense in the occasion of the lawsuit filed against The Flowers of Evil, in 1857, made by Gustave Chaix D'Est-Ange, his attorney. The translation is preceded by a comment introducing the circumstances of the case and the defense's discourse relations with the prosecution oral support and with the notes from Baudelaire to his attorney (both previously translated into Portuguese), in addition to the principles that guided the present translation.


This report summarizes the basis for the commercial disposal of Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) mixed low-level waste (MLLW) debris and the associated activities. Mixed waste is radioactive waste plus hazardous waste as defined by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). The critical factors for this project were DOE 5820.2A exemption, contracting mechanism, NEPA documentation, sampling and analysis, time limitation and transportation of waste. This report also will provide a guide or a starting place for future use of Envirocare of Utah or other private sector disposal/treatment facilities, and the lessons learned during this project.


DOI:10.1097/BOR.0000000000000173 Antimalarial drugs, which were first introduced in Europe in 1630 to treat malaria in the form of Cinchona bark, were reported to be effective for lupus in 1894 by Payne [1] who used quinine to treat cutaneous lupus. Quinine produced substantial systemic toxicity (cinchonism) at therapeutic doses limiting its use. New and better tolerated synthetic antimalarials were tried and all considered effective for cutaneous and/or systemic lupus including pamaquine in 1928, quinacrine in 1940 [2], chloroquine in 1953, and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in 1956. Widespread use of chloroquine led to recognition of retinal toxicity as a major complication. When HCQ was introduced it was reported to be less toxic to the retina than chloroquine, and its retinal toxicity to be more reversible [3,4]. Consequently HCQ became the most widely used antimalarial drug for lupus in the United States. Over the ensuing half-century, multiple reported benefits of antimalarial drugs have encouraged their use for lupus. The Canadian Hydroxychloroquine Study Group [5] elegantly showed that in addition to treating 'minor disease manifestations', HCQ prevented both minor and major disease flares. Further studies have shown reduction of mortality in multiple lupus cohorts, reduced accrual of damage [6], and both lower risk of developing nephritis and improved outcome of its treatment [7]. Effects that should reduce risk of cardiovascular disease have been reported from both cohort studies and controlled trials employing HCQ, chloroquine, or quinacrine, including improvement of dyslipidemias [8,9], prevention of diabetes in rheumatoid arthritis and lupus patients [10–12], improvement of glucose control [13,14], lipid profiles of diabetic and nondiabetic patients, and antithrombotic effects in lupus and antiphospholipid syndromes [8]. The American Academy of Ophthalmology recommendations for screening of chloroquine and HCQ retinopathy were first published in 2002.


In this paper, we report the integration of a Kinect sensor device with a robotic arm Kuka KR6 as a master-slave communication for applications of teleoperation and bioengineering. The Kinect device captures the position of the user's right hand, filters its resulting data and detects its movement using Haar wavelets. This data is then sent to the Kuka KR6 controller and it moves using forward kinematics. A series of tests were implemented to evaluate the accuracy of the slave system position compared to the user's right hand position using the Pearson correlation coefficient method. It resulted in a very strong correlation between them.


Current research on twentieth-century Spanish theater reveals a high number of historical plays, a tendency that has continued during the last five years. Some of the most significant writers currently writing for the stage are actively revising the recent past in their work. In this context, three playwrights stand out —Jose Ramon Fernandez, Yolanda Pallin and Javier G. Yague— thanks to the critical and commercial success of their Las manos (Hands), a play about young people who live in a rural area of Spain during the decade of the 1960s. The study of the play's themes and its reception bring to light the reasons behind this historical recreation and the favorable response accorded it by critics and audiences.


A measurement of the Higgs self coupling from e+e- collisions in the International Linear Collider is presented. The impact of the detector performance in terms of $b$-tagging and particle flow is investigated.


ABSTRACT: In the paper a new safety concept is presented considering time-dependent data uncertainty offuzzy random type. Time-dependent data uncertainty leads to a time variant reliability of structures. The fuzzyfailure probability P f ( ) depending on the time is introduced as measure of the reliability. Based on the -level optimization the fuzzy failure probability is computed by the fuzzy Monte Carlo simulation (FMCS). Inorder to decrease the numerical effort of the fuzzy Monte Carlo simulation the fuzzy adaptive importancesampling method (FAIS) is introduced. An example demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed procedure.1 TIME-DEPENDENT RELIABILITYThe safety level of structures is not constant duringthe lifetime. Time variant effects such as materialdamage, deterioration, and corrosion lead to timevariant loadability and structural safety. Theconsideration of these effects in the framework of asafety concept requires a material model as well as astructural model with time variant parameters. Inmost cases this parameters are uncertain. Using thegeneral uncertainty model fuzzy randomness the timevariant parameters are described as fuzzy randomprocesses. If the parameters additional fluctuate independency of the spatial coordinates themathematical model based on fuzzy random functionsX(t) | t = { , } is adapted.A fuzzy random function X(t) is defined by theset of fuzzy random vectors on the fundamental set TA more detailed mathematical description of fuzzyrandom functions is contained in Sickert et al.(2003), Moller and Beer (2004), and Moller et al.(2005b).The easiest understandable concept of safetyassessment is that the reliability of structures can becalculated from the uncertain structural resistance Rand the uncertain stress S. If we follow this idea andif the parameters which determine the structuralresistance R and the stresses S are mathematicallydescribed by time variant fuzzy random functions afuzzy random resistance process R( ) and a fuzzyrandom stress process S( ) result. Using R( ) andS( ) the structural reliability can be quantified by thefuzzy failure probability P


3 LINES) This deliverable presents the result of four extensive literature reviews on factors for innovation success in terms of market, strategic and social impact for additive manufacturing. I AM RRI Identifier: IAMRRI_D2_1_V2_Final Author(s) and company: Geerten van de Kaa, Vladimir Sobota, Roland Ortt, Cees van Beers (Delft University of Technology), Danny Soetanto, Martin Spring (Lancaster University), Miia Martinsuo, Toni Luomaranta (Tampere University of Technology), Antonia Bierwirth (Tecnalia)


The mechanism of shockwave propagation in complex environments plays an important role in the damage and protection assessment. At present, domain experts are realizing shockwave propagation numerical simulations with high scientific confidence on thousands of processing cores, and thus large-scale three-dimensional (3D) data fields containing fine physical features are output. It is desired to effectively reveal complex spatial structures of shockwaves in the data fields so as to facilitate domain experts to make in-depth observation and analysis. In this paper, a volume rendering algorithm based on feature boundary detection is proposed to visualize 3D shockwave data fields. In the algorithm, a two-dimensional (2D) boundary detection technique is generalized to the 3D case and further used to extract feature data containing the wavefronts, and then, the feature data are resampled and composited in the ray-casting manner. The algorithm has been preliminarily applied to 3D shock fields, and the results show that the algorithm can effectively analyze the shockwave features and clearly show the 3D spatial structures of the wavefronts.


Experimental data on multiplicities and correlations of charged particles of different types produced in collisions of 4.5 A GeV/c carbon-12 with emulsion are reported and discussed. The data are compared with the results of other experiments on nucleus–nucleus and hadron–nucleus collisions. It is found that the particle production mechanism in nucleus–nucleus collisions is almost the same as in hadron–nucleus collisions. It is also observed that the shower particles' multiplicity distributions obey a KNO type scaling law, which supports the aforementioned result.


Aero-Optics is an important effect severely limiting an airborne DE system's lethal field of regard even for a Mach 0.3 aircraft. The Airborne Aero-Optics Laboratory (AAOL) seeks to make flight test a viable and affordable experimental tool to advance the scientific foundation for aero-optic effects and explore mitigation schemes involving flow control and adaptive optics. The flight-test component is the most-unique aspect of this program; however, the success in building the AAOL and the interpretation of the data collected in flight heavily depends on the coordinated use of computations, modeling and wind-tunnel testing. The AAOL is a coordinated program that links advanced CFD to wind-tunnel testing, and wind-tunnel testing to flight test. The AAOL team is confronting the critical tasks of conceiving, predicting, tunnel testing and flight testing flow-control mitigation schemes, turret and fairing designs for best aero-optic environment, adaptive optics, beam control and dealing with the challenging environment posed by transonic flight.


A patient lifting device comprising a separate front and rear control cables reducing device, whereby the actual situation, the patient can sit in a sling suspended by cables or into the sling out of the sling. This provides a better and safer patient movement control other devices can not provide.


Gold jewellery is a store of value, display of wealth and position and a basic part of various rituals. Gold purchase is supported by various preferences and behaviour among the customers. Customer satisfaction is influenced by various factors connected with the brand, price, showroom, and quality of gold jewellery. Therefore, this study has been initiated to examine the various factors influencing customer satisfaction on purchase of gold jewellery. This study is carried out with a sample of 100 customers; data has been collected by using questionnaire among the gold purchasing customers. The survey instrument is constructed with four parts, such as socio-economic background, customer preference, buying behaviour, and factors influencing customer satisfaction. This study employed simple percentage analysis, Friedman's chi-square test, t-test, and factor analysis to analyse the collected data. It was concluded that customer preference and buying behaviour provides some sort of experience on gold jewellery buying which have ultimate influence on customer satisfaction.


The aim of Acta Oto -Laryngologica is to cover the frontline in clinical practice, clinical research and basic sciences in otolaryngology and head and neck surgery. During 2001 we have been very successful in reaching this goal by rapid changes of the prerequisites for exchanging knowledge. Our highly qualiŽ ed international board is a guarantee that new achievements are covered in an optimal way. Since our referees represent more than 30 countries, submitted papers are evaluated by experts in at least two countries. Much of our communication takes place electronically for rapid exchange of information, independent of postal services. I am fully aware that different opinions exist on both clinically and scientiŽ cally important issues in our speciality. It can therefore sometimes be difŽ cult for me to bring variant opinions into line with each other (referee reports) regarding individual contributions. However, I want to invite our readers to take an active part in the debate on important issues by giving their personal viewpoints in cases where different treatment modalities are used or other opinions are prevalent in different countries or centres. Acta Oto -Laryngologica was founded as early as 1918 as an international forum for information about otolaryngology and head and neck surgery. As previously pointed out, the current aim is not only to present fresh clinical results and research data but also to bridge the gap between clinical research and basic science, thus also being an international journal for translational otolaryngology and head and neck surgery. This will become evident in the forthcoming volume no 122, 2002. Please note that Acta Oto -Laryngologica is also available electronically with full access to the full text for all subscribers. For some years now, each issue of the journal presents an invited review paper covering an important Ž eld within our area of research. This policy will continue. In particular, I wish to thank Professor AlŽ o Ferlito, Udine, Italy, for outstanding support to Acta Oto -Laryngologica during 2001. A debate on important future clinical or research Ž elds is most welcome. I want to thank our readers for a very fruitful 2001 and look forward to an even more successful 2002 with closer co-operation and a rewarding exchange of ideas within our speciality.


With the competitive environment that makes companies have increasingly an ongoing commitment to create procedures to improve their processes, the high volume of production, the maintenance of inventory becoming smaller, the reduced supply stimulated in times the concepts of factory clean and lean production, increasing the need to computerize the Assembly lines. Given this scenario, this article presents an approach to the use of neural networks with Matlab software tool, allowing an application in supermarket supply inputs to occur efficiently and synchronously in a real situation through projecting a virtual situation. Automate logistics management system of supply was an option controlled by AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle), integrated platform of PLC networks industrial floor. This approach was capable of integrating and measuring results generating economies visible in assembly line feed with inventory reduction, improved storage of materials, reduced response in mounting parts. Another goal achieved by the work was to stimulate research on Enterprise logistics system, whose domain is essential to competitiveness in the automotive sector.


Objective To study the antioxidation of orientin and vetixin in Trollius chinesis,to probe active component in Trollius chinesis,and expect to discovery new type substance of antioxidation.Methods Aging mice model was duplieated by means of subacut einsenecence induced by D-galaetose for 8 weeks.Successful model mice were divided into model,vitamin E,high,medium,and low does of orientin and vetixin groups.General morphology in mice and changes in brain weight were detected,antioxidant enzyme system in mice was measured.Results Compared to vetixin,high,medium,and low does of orientin had been increasing vitality of T-AOC,SOD,CAT,and lower MDA.There was significant difference between high and medium does of orientin(P0.05).high and medium does of orientin had better effect than vetixin.Compared to VE,high,medium and low does of orientin and vetixin had better effect(P0.05).High does of orientin and vetixin was better than VE.Conclusions Orientin and vetixin in Trollius chinesis have a good antioxidation activity and Orientin is better than Vetixin.


The activation of decomposition of azodicarbonamide by chromium has been studied. The aim of the experimental investigation was the development of a method providing azodicarbonamide modified by chromium during its production. It has been shown that modified azodicarbonamide, containing residual chromium from its preparation does not need to be activated when used as a blowing agent in the production of foamed polymeric materials.


The thesis researches the poetry for children by Josef Brukner. The first part researches Brukner's poetry in terms of the poetic figures, contained themes, work with rhythm and rhyme, with regard to the application in drama. The second part researches the practical use of poetry for children by Josef Brukner in lessons of drama. This part contains propositions of lessons that offer examples how to work with poetry in some spheres of drama. For example: development of speech, learning about poetic figures, themes and stories contained in fine art, development of creativity and imagination, development of gaming and acting skills. This thesis researches the possibilities of Josef Brukner's poetry with regard to using in drama lessons and with regard to the way for poetic theatre.


This paper presents a new methodology for diagonal dominance of large-scale systems via eigenstructure assignment. For a given large-scale system in general form, an equivalent descriptor system in the input–output decentralized form is defined. Sufficient conditions for diagonal dominance of the closed-loop system are introduced. These conditions are in terms of the isolated subsystems. Based on them, interactions between subsystems can be considered as external disturbances for each isolated subsystem. Then a previously proposed approach is used for disturbance attenuation via dynamical output compensators based on complete parametric eigenstructure assignment. By attenuating disturbances, closed-loop poles of the overall system are placed in a desirable region, by assigning the eigenstructure of each isolated subsystem appropriately. The presented algorithm alleviates the necessity of choosing a suitable frequency in designing a pre-compensator, as required by previous methods. The designed controller is in the decentralized form and plays the role of pre-compensator as well. An illustrative example is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.


21 Appl. No.: 136,705 57 ABSTRACT An electronic ballast circuit for multiple fluorescent 22 Filed: Oct. 15, 1993 lamps. Control is achieved by varying the voltage and the frequency of operation of an inverter utilized to 51 Int. Cl. ............................................. H05B 37/02 drive the fluorescent lamps. A separate voltage boost 52 U.S. C. ................................ 315/209 R; 315/206; converter provides regulated voltage to the converter. 315/291; 315/DIG. 2; 315/DIG. 7 Dimming is accomplished by varying the voltage either 58) Field of Search ............... 315/206, 210, 219, 224, manually or in response to sensor circuitry. 315/244, 291, 209 R, 278, 294, 324, DIG. 2, DIG. 7, 106, 107 11 Claims, 3 Drawing Sheets


Investigations were made of the effects of small (10 kilorad) doses of Co 60 gamma radiation on p-n junction germanium diodes, with particular reference to changes in reverse saturation current and junction depletion capacitance under reverse bias conditions. Significant postirradiation changes were observed in both parameters and a mechanism is proposed to explain the major features of the observations.


SYNOPSIS

A laboratory-scale lead-pipe rig has been developed into an accelerated test for 'plumbosolvency propensity'. High alkalinity water supplies from Anglian Water show either relatively high or low propensity characteristics which appear to be related to the form of the crystal deposit. These have been examined by scanning electron microscopy. The paper describes the uses of the test to (1) supplement random survey data, (2) investigate mixed waters, and (3) optimize orthophosphate dosing.


Abstract : In order to characterize the effect of a blend of Jet-Propellant 8 (JP-8) and Fischer-Tropsch derived Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT SPK) on an 8V92TA MTU/Detroit Diesel engine, a 400 hour durability test, using a modified NATO protocol, was performed utilizing a 50% / 50% volumetric JP-8 and synthetic blend fuel. The results of this test were compared to a baseline engine running the same durability test in similar conditions utilizing neat JP-8 fuel. Analysis of test results and engine disassemblies did not show a significant degradation of fuel components. A damaged turbocharger due to instrumentation failure not related to the fuel source caused a decrease in power of the FT-SPK blend engine. Although the fuel blend did not result in a difference in fuel component wear when compared to neat JP-8, significant damage did occur from failed test equipment which affected the overall performance of the fuel blend engine. While JP-8/FT SPK fuel did not have a significant effect on engine components during this test, more testing is recommended to form a reliable conclusion on the effects of JP-8/FT-SPK blended fuel on the 8V92TA engine since one of the test engines was damaged during testing, the sample size was minimal and data was collected on two remanufactured engines.


In the article the results of influence of L-lysine derivatives on the indices of energetic metabolism in experimental animals (rats) are presented on the model of acute stroke induced by bilateral occlusion of carotids.


Background: Acute heart failure (AHF) is a life-threatening medical condition requiring urgent evaluation and treatment, this study aimed to evaluate efficacy and safety of the early use of Ivabradine alone versus Beta blockers when tolerated in patients with acute heart failure. Methods: sixty of patients were included in this study and divided into two groups; Group 1(30 patients): prescribed beta-blockers, and Group 2 (30 patients) prescribed Ivabradine, All patients were subjected to full history taking, complete clinical examination, 12 lead surface ECG, full echocardiography study, Follow up of Patients after one month: by Exercise Tolerance Assessed by 6 Minute Walking Test (6MWD), Quality of life, Heart rate, and NYHA class. Results: Group (1) included 24 (80%) males & 6 (20%) females, their median age was 60.0 years, Group (2) included 23 (76.7%) males & 7 (23.3%) females, their Median age was 59.5 years, There was no statistical significant difference between two groups regarding NYHA class before and after intervention(P>0.05 for both), 6MWD before and after 1 month. HR before and after the walk test either at baseline or after 1m of treatment (P>0.5 for all), dyspnea before and after the walk test either at baseline or after 1m of treatment (P>0.5 for all), or fatigue before and after the walk test either at baseline or after 1 month of treatment (P>0.5 for all). Conclusion: Both groups achieved comparable reduction in HR with improvement in functional capacity and exercise tolerance which can be translated to better prognosis.


PURPOSE: To obtain the simple self-excited oscillation mixer circuit which suitably forms the front end of an inexpensive short-distance FMCW radar in combination with an antenna that modulates an RF signal from an oscillator and relatively easily takes out a nearly demodulated IF signal at low cost. CONSTITUTION: A modulated signal 40 from a sweep generator 44 is supplied to a control terminal 14 to sweep the RF output R of the self-excited mixer SOM 10. Eliminating circuits 6 to 9 are arranged between the control terminal 14 and an IF output line 13 to remove a modulated signal 41 which is generated on the IF line 13 and generates a demodulated IF output I. A grounding source MESFET of a feedback network constitutes SOM 10 and has a line 13 led out of its gate. In this case, the IF modulated signal 41 is inverted relative to the modulated signal 40 and the modulated signal 40 is added to the modulated IF signal 41 through, for example, resistance networks 6 to 8 to perform elimination. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO


Eliminating the effect of confounding in observational studies typically involves fitting a model for an outcome adjusted for covariates. When, as often, these covariates are high-dimensional, this necessitates the use of sparse estimators, such as the lasso, or other regularization approaches. Naïve use of such estimators yields confidence intervals for the conditional treatment effect parameter that are not uniformly valid. Moreover, as the number of covariates grows with the sample size, correctly specifying a model for the outcome is nontrivial. In this article we deal with both of these concerns simultaneously, obtaining confidence intervals for conditional treatment effects that are uniformly valid, regardless of whether the outcome model is correct. This is done by incorporating an additional model for the treatment selection mechanism. When both models are correctly specified, we can weaken the standard conditions on model sparsity. Our procedure extends to multivariate treatment effect parameters and complex longitudinal settings.


Advanced thermal imaging infrared cameras have been a cost effective and reliable method to obtain the temperature of objects. Quantum Well Infrared Photodetector (QWIP) based thermal imaging systems have advanced the state-of-the-art and are the most sensitive commercially available thermal systems. QWIP Technologies LLC, under exclusive agreement with Caltech University, is currently manufacturing the QWIP-ChipTM, a 320 X 256 element, bound-to-quasibound QWIP FPA. The camera performance falls within the long-wave IR band, spectrally peaked at 8.5 μm. The camera is equipped with a 32-bit floating-point digital signal processor combined with multi- tasking software, delivering a digital acquisition resolution of 12-bits using nominal power consumption of less than 50 Watts. With a variety of video interface options, remote control capability via an RS-232 connection, and an integrated control driver circuit to support motorized zoom and focus- compatible lenses, this camera design has excellent application in both the military and commercial sector. In the area of remote sensing, high-performance QWIP systems can be used for high-resolution, target recognition as part of a new system of airborne platforms (including UAVs). Such systems also have direct application in law enforcement, surveillance, industrial monitoring and road hazard detection systems. This presentation will cover the current performance of the commercial QWIP cameras, conceptual platform systems and advanced image processing for use in both military remote sensing and civilian applications currently being developed in road hazard monitoring.


This article is devoted to the pathomorphological reasons of arrhythmias at patients with chronic heart failure ischemic and non-ischemic aetiology. Also the short review of researches by efficiency of several groups antiarrythmic drugs, including allapynin, and implanted devices is presented. Authors conclude, that the sights concerning antiarrythmic therapy are not universal for patients with chronic heart failure of various aetiology, and implanted devices are most effective in improved prognosis.


The studies were designed to evaluate the effect of genetically modified corn containing event RDV MP-on growth and male reproductive structure in SD rats two generations fed with either GM corn or its conventional counterpart.The body weight and the survival rate of F2 offspring at the age of 1,4,21 d were measured and calculated,so did the developing landmarks of 194 offspring.At the end of the study,the tissue samples of testis and epididymis were obtained for histopathological examinations.No toxicologically significant differences were observed in survival rate,physiological and neurobehavioral development indexes of F2 offspring,and microscopic phthology in the treatment group.These results demonstrated that the long-term dietary intake of genetically modified RDV MP-corn did not have any influence on growth and male reproductive organs in SD Rats.


At the end of 2008, there were 17 First Nations casinos operating in Canada. Recent statistics confirm that all are money-making enterprises, and that individual First Nations are using the money to improve social programming and augment infrastructure. What has been overlooked to date is local health: specifically, limited funding was set aside in all Province-First Nations gaming agreements to implement problem-gambling treatment programs for on-reserve residents negatively influenced by the introduction of a casino. This is surprising considering that several studies in Canada and the United States have shown Aboriginal people are more likely to become problem gamblers. This paper argues that by situating a casino in a reserve community, the host community establishes an imperative to treat those negatively affected by ease of access to casino gambling games. To do so is an aspect of self-determination, and a responsibility First Nations assume when selecting casinos as mechanisms of economic development.


Metaphors, as an important way to deliver information and convince the audience, have been used in print advertising extensively. This study researches the concept of metaphors and analyses seven Chinese advertisements in which metaphors are used in public service advertising. The nature of metaphors is to express one thing by using another thing. Using metaphors can put some creative ideas into pictures and make the pictures full of visual impact. Then the target audience will pay more attention to the picture and become impressed. When people look at the advertisements using metaphors, they will definitely look up in their existing knowledge to understand the message which the advertisements are delivering. So this makes the advertisements more attractive and the people would be more easily convinced.


Formulators in the paint, ink, adhesives, water repellents, and other related industries require materials that resist peeling and penetration in spite of prolonged exposure to heat, cold, moisture, and chemical attack. Research into these problems resulted in the development of alkoxy functional silanes for use as adhesion promoters, crosslinkers, and hydrophobes. The intent of this paper is to briefly review the unique chemistry of this class of materials and to discuss three areas of product development that have benefitted from the utilization of silanes: surface treatment, additive, and reactive intermediate. This discussion will include recommendations for specific organic/silane combinations.


The emergency we are experiencing due to the coronavirus infection is changing the role of technologies in our daily life. In particular, movements of persons need to be monitored or driven for avoiding gathering of people, especially in small environments. In this paper, we present an efficient and cost-effective indoor navigation system for driving people inside large smart buildings. Our solution takes advantage of an emerging short-range wireless communication technology – IoT-based Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), and exploits BLE Beacons across the environment to provide mobile users equipped with a smartphone hints on how to arrive at the destination. The main scientific contribution of our work is a new proximity-based navigation system that identifies the user position according to information sent by Beacons, processes the best path for indoor navigation at the edge computing infrastructure, and provides it to the user through the smartphone. We provide some experimental results to test the communication system considering both the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) and the Mean Opinion Score (MOS).


In this paper, the mixed H 2 / H ∞ model predictive control (MPC) using Nash game approach for linear systems is proposed (Aadaleesan in PhD Dissertation, IIT Guwahati 2011, Aadaleesan and Saha in Proceedings of annual meeting of American institute of chemical engineers. Philadelphia 2008). Two-player game strategy is adopted by using two separate cost functions, viz., H 2 and H ∞ cost functions for the minimizing and maximizing players of the game, respectively. The problem ultimately reduces to solving a pair of cross-coupled Riccati equations. Although solving the coupled Riccati equations resulting from LQ games is by itself of theoretical importance, in the present work it has been extended, for the first of its kind, to the regime of receding horizon control. Numerical examples are provided for disturbance rejection case to check the efficiency of the present algorithm against another established robust MPC (Orukpe et al. in Proceedings of American control conference. New York, pp 6147–6150 2007).


The theory of oil-gas formation has been enhanced in recent years by investigations directed toward finding sedimentary deposits from which initial migration of hydrocarbons has taken place. The theoretical basis for this work was laid by N. B. Vassoyevich (3) and V. A. Uspenskiy (8). Later S. G. Neruchev (5) and then A. A. Trofimuk and A. E. Kontorovich (7) showed that emigration of hydrocarbons leads to a change in the component composition of the organic matter toward a drop in the neutral components and an increase in the acid components, K. F. Rodionov (6) noted that the residual (syngenetic) hydrocarbons of oil-generating sediments will have a similarity to the oils and will differ primarily in the quantitative ratio of individual classes. It is assumed that these bitumens will be enriched by polycyclic naphthene and aromatic groups and depleted in monocyclic structure types. The present paper presents results of analysis of the oil-generating capacity of the rocks of the Dnieper-Donets depression. Sediments from the Cretaceous to the Devonian, inclusively, are examined. In the Dnieper-Donets depression the content of organic matter in the rocks is is not evenly distributed; it depends on paleogeographic conditions of sedimentation, climatic conditions, and the lithology of the host rocks. Sediments with higher contents of organic matter (greater than 1%) and bitumens (0.10%) were deposited in a normal marine basin under reducing and sharply reducing conditions (Early Carboniferous, Bashkir stage of Middle Carboniferous). This was a time of predominantly warm moist tropical climate in the region; it contributed to abundance of plant and animal life. The organic matter was largely sapropelic; humus comprised less than 50%. In and southeast


Background Beta1 (B1) selective blockers have been widely used for the treatment of neurocardiogenic syncope though clinical trials have shown conflicting degrees of efficacy. Objective To study the clinical efficacy of B1 selective blockers compared to placebo in the treatment of neurocardiogenic syncope. Methods Four placebo controlled randomized studies were identified after search of existing English language literature. Review Manager (RevMan version 5, Oxford, England) was used for statistical calculations. Both random and fixed effects models were used for analysis. Results There was no demonstrable efficacy of B1 blockers compared to placebo even after a pre-specified sensitivity analysis. There was a trend towards more adverse events in the beta blocker group compared to placebo (OR = 2.03 CI = 0.83–3.95, p = 0.12). Conclusion There is no clinical evidence for justifying the use of B1 selective blockers in the treatment of adult neurocardiogenic syncope. These agents may in fact lead to a higher rate of adverse events compared to placebo.


Esther Chung-Kim is an associate professor of Religious Studies and associate director of the Gould Center for Humanistic Studies at Claremont McKenna College in Claremont, California. In addition to her research, which focuses primarily on religious and social change in early modern Europe, she regularly teaches courses on the history of world Christianity, European reformations, religion and politics in Early Modern Europe, poverty and religion, and Christianity and politics in East Asia.


An overview of local novels after the May Fourth Movement will find plenty of descriptions of folkcustom.As a literary phenomenon,such descriptions contain unique and verified rich connotations,which is the important tools to display the authors' main ideas,to depict the national characteristics,and to pass down the heritage of traditional culture.Such a phenomenon is not only the product of the times,but also the result of the development of literature itself.


Heterofused pyrazolopyrimidines possesses various biological activities such as CNS depressant, neuroleptic, tuberculostatic, antimicrobial, adenosine receptor antagonistic, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, non-narcotic analgesic, anticancer and leishmanicidal activity. Therefore, in this work, we have synthesized some new Heterofused containing disubstitued Pyrazolopyrimidines employing microwave techniques and have been evaluated for their antimicrobial activity. Substituted 5-amino-1-Phenyl Pyrazole-4-Carboxamide was reacted with appropriate amount of Ethyl formate in the presence of Sodium ethoxide solution to furnish titled compounds. Neat reactants were cyclocondensed under microwaves to afford, in good yield, the desired product in less irradiation times as compared to the classical technique. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by melting point, Rf value and further confirmed by UV, IR, H1NMR and Mass spectroscopy. The title compounds were screened for antibacterial activity by cup plate method using Streptomycin as the standard drug against Klebsiella (Gram –ve), Escherichia coli (Gram –ve), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram +ve) and Bacillus subtillis (Gram +ve). All the compounds showed weak to moderate activity against all four microorganisms.


The breeding of starlings (Sturnus vulgaris L.) in 160 nest boxes in the Manawatu region during 1974–75 and 1975–76 is described. Ornithonyssus bursa, a mesostigmatic dermanyssid mite with a 5‐stage life cycle, is a continuous parasite of several species of birds, including the starling. The seasonal pattern of O. bursa infestation over the starling breeding season is described with particular emphasis on the proportion of nest sites infested and the degree of infestation in early, middle, and late periods of the breeding season. Mites had no demonstrable major effects on the growth rate, weight at 15 days, mortality, blood characteristics, and lipid stores of starling nestlings. A pair of starlings can raise 3 or 4 nestlings, whether mite‐infested or not, with no significant difference between nestling weights at age 15 days. A heavy mite load of 50 000 in a nest box with 4 nestlings is calculated to take 3.5 % by weight of the blood of each nestling per day, a loss which healthy nestlings can apparently...


The harmfulness of alfalfa scoops in soybean crops of the northern ecotype of the Killer Whale variety in the conditions of the Kaluga region has been revealed.


We present in this paper new uvbyβ photometry of eight stars suspected to be γ Doradus variables according to Handler & Kaye (2000). The new observational material has been analyzed and previously published data re-analyzed by means of an objective period search technique, based on the least-squares algorithm, called Multifr (Bossi & Nuñez 2002). We found evidence for the inclusion of seven of these stars in the list of recognized γ Doradus variables.


ABSTRACT Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the activity of xanthine oxidase (XO) in the blood of men and women during the first hour following a single anaerobic exercise (AN-EX), and after 24 hours of recovery, and to determine whether the changes in XO activity in the blood after AN-EX are dependent on anaerobic performance. Methods: Ten men and ten women performed a single AN-EX. Blood was collected before and five times after completion of the AN-EX. The activity of XO was determined. Results: In both groups, a significant (P < 0.05) increase in blood XO activity was found only 24 hours after the AN-EX. The increased activity of XO in men was significantly lower than in women (P < 0.05). Negative correlations were found between the increase in XO activity in the blood plasma 24 hours after the AN-EX and anaerobic power, the total work performed during the AN-EX and the power decrease. Discussion: In the first hour after the single AN-EX, XO activity in the blood of women and men did not change, but after 24 hours of recovery, it was significantly higher compared to baseline levels in both sexes. Single AN-EX causes a smaller increase in XO activity in people with higher anaerobic performance.


Abstract : In 1975 the Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA) and the National Bureau of Standards jointly conceived the psychological deterrents project as an on-going review of the unclassified and the classified literature relating to psychological factors that may have impact on the design and development of DNA's Forced Entry Deterrent System (better known as FEDS). The classified and unclassified literature suggest that it may be possible to manipulate several human behavioral processes, but that there are few definitive data directly related to achieving deterrence by means of these psychological manipulations.


The purpose of this work was to investigate the effects of curcumin on the biological behavior of colorectal cancer cells through the JAK/STAT3 and RAS/MAPK/NF-κB pathways. Human colorectal cancer HCT116 cells were cultured and divided into a control group and low, medium and high-dose curcumin groups (n =5). HCT116 colorectal cancer cells became long-growing cells after incubation and culture at 37°C. The control group was treated with 15μL phosphate-buffered saline, and the low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose curcumin groups were treated with 20, 40 and 80μmol/L curcumin, respectively. All groups were treated with rel-evant drug intervention, digested and centrifuged for 48h, washed twice with a PBS solution, centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 3 min, and the cells precipitated. The prolif-eration, apoptosis and growth cycle of cells in each group were observed, and the ex-pressions of the JAK/STAT3 and RAS/MAPK/NF-κB pathways and related proteins in each group were studied. Compared with the curcumin low-dose and medium-dose groups, the proliferation ability of the curcumin high-dose group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). When the low-dose and medium-dose curcumin groups were compared with the high-dose curcumin group, the apoptosis ability was significantly increased (P<0.05). When the low-dose and medium-dose curcumin groups were compared, the growth ratio of the G0/G1 phase in the high-dose curcumin group was significantly increased, and the percentage of the S phase was significantly de-creased (P<0.05). Compared with the curcumin low-dose and medium-dose groups, the expression of JAK-STAT3 and RAS/MAPK/NF-κB pathway in the curcumin high-dose group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The protein expressions of STAT3, RAS, P-P38 and P65 in the curcumin high-dose group were significantly lower than those in the curcumin low-dose and medium-dose groups (P<0.05). Curcumin can inhibit the expression of JAK/STAT3 and RAS/MAPK/NF-κB pathways, block the growth cycle, and inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells, providing a new idea for the clinical treatment of colorectal cancer.


1. Lecturer in Economics in Higher Education Department Punjab, Lahore. 2. Ph. D Scholar at Pakistan Institute of Development Economics(PIDE), Islamabad 3. Assistant Professor, Air University, Multan PAPER INFO ABSTRACT Received: January 8, 2019 Accepted: May 11, 2019 Online: June 30, 2019 This study is an empirical attempt to explore the effects of various socio-economic, demographic and law enforcement variables on the property crimes of Punjab, Pakistan. In this regard a panel data set from the year 2010 to 2014 of 34 districts of Punjab has been used to investigate the relationship between Dependent and Independent Variables. Haussmann's test suggested that Fixed Effect Model is more appropriate to be used in empirical procedure. Empirical findings have explored a positive and significant relationship of population growth, economic activity, untraced property crime rate, police strength and proclaimed offenders while the influence of literacy rate indicate a negative and significant association with property crime rate of the Punjab province of Pakistan. Findings of the study are way forward for policy makers and to bring reforms i.e. controlling population, enhancing literacy rate, making reforms in law enforcement institutions and providing more security into the area where there is more economic prosperity.


Abstract Elymus dahuricus, a widely distributed perennial herb on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, is highly adapted to alpine regions. In this study, we first reported the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of E. dahuricus using Illumina sequencing data. The size of the chloroplast genome is 135,096 bp, including a pair of inverted repeat regions (IRs, 20,812 bp), a large single copy region (LSC, 80,701 bp), and a small single single copy region (SSC, 12,771 bp). The chloroplast genome of E. dahuricus contained 111 genes, including 78 protein-coding genes, four ribosomal RNA genes, and 29 transfer RNA genes. Phylogenetic tree analysis suggested that E. dahuricus was closely related to E. libanoticus.


This dissertation looks at strategies designed to increase the competitive advantage of Berjaya land Berhad's - Hotels and Resorts positioning that would allow it to adapt to the momentum of growth with the tourism industry in Malaysia.


Many distributed algorithms require one process or node to act as leader node in distributed systems. Election algorithms are meant for electing such process or node that acts as leader node also called as coordinator from among currently alive processes in such a way that at any instance of time there will be single coordinator for all the processes in the system. Therefore, election algorithms are very important in any distributed system. Bully algorithm is one of the standard approaches for electing the coordinator in distributed systems. In this paper, we have compared base and efficient version of bully algorithm to minimize the number of messages when electing the coordinator and when a process recovers from a crashed state in distributed systems.


Impulsive Stimulated Thermal Scattering is a time domain laser spectroscopy that is applied to studying the relaxation dynamics of liquids in the supercooled temperature regime. Characterizing the relaxation dynamics of supercooled liquids is essential to developing an understanding of the physics of the liquid-glass transition. Mode Coupling Theory is a popular theory that has had some success in explaining experimental observations of the dynamics of certain supercooled liquids. Glass forming liquids are categorized according to fragility. To date, many of the experimental and theoretical studies of glass forming liquids have focused on liquids with fragile characteristics. To extend the field of research, ISTS studies are conducted on glycerol, a glass-forming liquid of intermediate strength. Other experimental studies of glycerol have given conflicting results, and the applicability of Mode Coupling Theory is questioned. ISTS is added to the other experimental techniques to measure the DebyeWaller factor and relaxation times in the regime from a few nanoseconds to hundreds of microseconds. There is no MCT anomaly in the temperature range measured. Also, the shape of the relaxation spectrum is constant, without the enhanced stretching commonly observed at the crossover temperature Tc. ISTS is also applied to characterization of the dynamics of a glass-forming polymer, Polypropylene Glycol. Like many polymers, Polypropylene Glycol shows two features in the slow relaxation portion of the dielectric spectrum. In ISTS, only the feature which is strongly coupled to the density is observed, at least quantitatively. A comparison of the results for two molecular weights shows that the relaxation observed in ISTS is independent of molecular weight, and therefore related to the main a peak in the dielectric spectrum, which is also independent of molecular weight. Some temperature dependence is observed in the Debye-Waller factor and the stretching of the relaxation spectrum. There is no Debye-Waller factor anomaly as predicted by MCT in the temperature range measured. The conclusion reached from ISTS experiments on non-fragile glass forming liquids is that, despite the success MCT has enjoyed in predicting the behavior of relatively simple systems, there is not sufficient detail incorporated in the theory to address the complexity of networked materials (glycerol) and polymers. Thesis Supervisor: Keith A. Nelson Title: Professor of Chemistry


The Atlas Salmonella SG2 Detection Assay method was shown to be statistically equivalent to the corresponding reference methods for the detection of Salmonella enterica in tomatoes, chicken carcass rinse, string cheese, pasteurized dried whole egg, soy flour, cocoa powder, milk chocolate, non-organic creamy peanut butter, raw almonds, non-fat dried milk, whey powder, and raw cookie dough. The Atlas Salmonella SG2 Detection Assay offers the benefits of high sensitivity and high specificity for the detection of Salmonella enterica while reducing the overall time to results compared to the uS reference methods.


Objective To apply a new PET tracer: L-[methyl-~(11)C]methionine(~(11)C-MET) in preliminary clinical study.Methods ~(11)C-MET had been labeled by the automated module.The biodistribution was studied on rats.We assessed the usefulness of~(11)C-MET in brain tumor imaging for 4 patients. Results The biodistribution showed that most part of activity were in liver and intestine.and the radioactivity in brain cells and blood had a long relay time.Conclusions The clinical results showed that~(11)C-MET was suitable for PET brain tumor imaging.


3 English Research ment in support of labor protests, and the protest movements after fraudulent elections in late 2010), but they had largely failed to force meaningful change. Egyptians were influenced by Tunisian revolution and its success in elimination of President Zine El-Abidine Ben Ali on January 15, 2011, which strengthened a sense of collective identity (Eltantawy & Wiest, 2011). On 25 January 2011 ""Day of Rage"", tens of thousands of Egyptians took to the streets of Cairo for the wave of popular protests ""Day of Rage"" against President Hosni Mubarak''s autocratic regime that had governed the country for three decades. These protests were organized initially through the Facebook page ""We are all Khaled Said"". Figure 1: Indicators of the January 25 revolution of political independence, where the way towards true and transparent democracy. There is a growing consensus that these uprisings witnessed in Arab world have common roots/ motivations including end to corruption, improved the economic and social situation, and the protection of human rights. Indeed, the January 25 revolution one of these uprisings that considered a historical turning point in the history of democracy in Egypt that led to topple the authoritarian regime of Egyptian President Mubarak, in addition to its success in fundamentally meaningful political change. In fact, the January 25 revolution did not come out of the void (See Figure 1 for illustration). Many of activists had been protesting for years (e.g., the protest movements of Kefaya against the succession of Gamal Mubarak, the April 6 Youth movehuge agitation campaigns against the authoritarian and oppressive regimes. Indeed, The term citizens'' media describes the ways in which citizens engage in media practice as a tool of empowerment, community cohesion, and expression of social and cultural identities. (Rodriguez , 2001) In this sense, Ghannam, (2011) pointed out that: ""Social networking has changed expectations of freedom of expression and association to the degree that individual and collective capacities to communicate, mobilize and gain technical knowledge are expected to lead even greater voice, political influence and participation over the next 10 to 20 years""( p.13). But in spite of numerous scholars and researchers have made theoretical contributions, and paid a great deal of attention to study the role of new media as an effective vehicle and a key organizing tool for the uprisings which swept across the Arab world (e.g., Facebook, Twitter), there are still several questions about the durability and the impact of these media which require signicant rethinking about its role that still to be seen. In this respect, the first goal of this paper is to present an overview of the new media environment with a focus on its role as safe havens for democracy in the context of the January 25 revolution. The second objective is actually the focal point of this research paper, which strives to examine the role of new media in shaping democratic values. In other word, to what extent does these new platforms can be a catalyst for change and advancing democratization?


Objective: To establish a mice model of mammary gland hyperplasia,to observe the effects of Ruluotong on estradiol( E2),progesterone( P),visceral index,and pathologic changes of breast tissue in mammary gland of the model mice,and to study the mechanism of the actions. Method: Female mice were divided into blank control group,model control group,Ruluotong capsules high,midlle and low doses group( 0. 6,0. 3,0. 15 g·kg- 1),Rukang tables group( 0. 53 g·kg- 1). Model of mammary glands hyperplasia in mice was established by taking estradiol benzoate and progesterone. The treatment groups were given with different doses of Ruluotong capsules and Rukang pills for thirty days. The contents of E2,P of serum and visceral index were determined,pathologic changes of breast tissue were observed. Result: Ruluotong high,medlle and low doses could significantly decrease E2level( P 0. 01) of model serum and increase the P content of serum( P 0. 05). Thymus index in the high dose group was markedly( P 0. 01) and womb index was significantly increased( P 0. 01). Pathomorphological investigation showed three doses of Ruluotong could significantly reduce lobular breast density and alveolar surface area( P 0. 01),and increase lobular interstitial density( P 0. 01).Pathological changes were mitigated by the capsules,with inhibition of mammary lobular hyperplasia,showing shrink in lobular size,narrowed acinar and duct. Conclusion: Ruluotong capsules can improve the pathological changes of the mammary gland hyperplasia by regulating proliferation of breast estrogen levels in mice to inhibit mammary gland hyperplasia of mice induced by estrogen effectively.


The article is devoted to the biographical theory of upbringing developed by the German educator W. Loh in the 70-s of the twentieth century. Upbringing is analyzed by the author in the context of a person's life experience as the main anthropological concept of pedagogy. A person's life experience is considered as a certain scheme of education. Human upbringing is the assistance that helps the growing generation to overcome the biographical situations during the course of life. The article provides a description of the stages of a person's biographical development and the necessary competencies that allow him/her to overcome life and learning situations. The main role of an educator is to help a student in his or her idea of self-actualization and successful self-realization in life. An important condition of education is pedagogical conception that allows one to take a child in the context of his/her life experience and development tasks defined by the life age. An educator is seen as a significant Other that has the strongest influence on a student and becomes a symbolic figure in the long-life formation of a person.


This template is a guide to writing a capstone project proposal in APA Style, 6th edition; not for a systematic review proposal. It provides the necessary sections, headings, and subheadings required in a proposal, as well as the line and paragraph spacing, page breaks, page numbering, and referencing styles. It is formatted with one inch top, bottom, left, and right margins; Times New Roman font in 12 point; double-spaced; aligned flush left; and paragraphs indented 5-7 spaces. The page number appears one inch from the right edge on the first line of each page. There should be two spaces between sentences. Without changing the formatting, insert your own text into each template section. This section of the template provides an example of what an abstract would look like. An abstract is a brief (approximately 250 words) one-paragraph summary of the contents of the proposal. The abstract, typically written last, includes an overview of the proposed project's background and review of literature, purpose, method, results, and conclusion. It is non-evaluative, that is, does not contain personal comments. It is not indented nor does it contain citations. Keywords, such as those below, are words you used to perform database searches for the proposal. For more information about APA Style, see the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.), the APA Style web site found at http://www.apastyle.org, and the Purdue Owl Writing Center website found at http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/.


The caustics method is a useful measurement for determining the value of the stress intensity factor, K. The method mainly has been applied to isotropic materials. For anisotropic materials, however, it does not appear that this method has been studied much In this paper, the method of caustics is examined for a highly orthotropic unidirectionally reinforced carbon-epoxy composite under mode I loading by using a coating technique. The results are compared with those of finite element analysis. The main results are summarized as follows: (1) It is possible to apply the method of caustics to orthotropic CFRP laminate materials. A measurement technique suggest by this study is useful in case the initial curve radius, r o , is larger than the minimum initial curve radius, r o min . (2) The magnitude of the minimum initial curve radius, r o min is the specimen half-thickness in the case of orthotropic CFRP laminate material. This is identical to the results of isotropic materials. (3) The distribution of displacement by two-dimensional and three-dimensional finite element analyses near the crack top for CFRP laminate materials correspond to the distribution of a three-dimensional field.


We prepared porous montmorillonite (MMT) clay/poly acrylic acid (PAA) composite surfaces and achieve different oil adhesion by controlling the MMT arrangement in the pore wall. Characterization of the adhesion indicates that the disordered MMT/PAA porous films can serve as low adhesive surfaces both in acidic and basic aqueous phases. The switchable oil adhesion is attributed to the change of the triple-phase liquid/liquid/solid contact line (TCL) continuity induced by the MMT arrangement in the pore wall and different hydrogen bonding interactions. These findings will help us to design novel adhesive materials by adjusting the microstructure in the film, which will be used for the construction of the future generation of microdevices and have potential applications in liquid transportation, biochemical separation, in situ detection, microfluid systems, and other areas.