The hydraulic factors influencing the longitudinal extent of atomized flow forming by discharge of spillways and outlet works are analyzed according to prototype observation data.The result shows that the extent is closely related to flood discharge,incident velocity, and incident angle of jet falling into cushion pool.The empirical formula for estimating the logitudinal range of atomized flow is proposed.


Bones have three major functions: to serve as mechanical support, sites of muscle insertion and as a reserve of calcium and phosphate for the organism. Recently, a fourth function has been attributed to the skeleton: an endocrine organ. The organic matrix of bone is formed mostly of collagen, but also non-collagenous proteins. Hydroxyapatite crystals bind to both types of proteins. Most components of the bone matrix are synthesized and secreted by osteoblasts. Resorption of the bone matrix is required for adaptation to growth, repair and mineral mobilization. This process is performed by the macrophage-related osteoclast. Bone is remodeled throughout life through a coordinated sequence of events which involve the sequential actions of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, replacing old bone with new bone. In the normal adult skeleton, remodeling is coupled such that the level of resorption is equal to the level of formation and bone density remains constant. Intramembranous ossification is the process by which flat bones are formed. For this process, osteoblasts differentiate directly from mesenchymal cells to form the bone matrix. Long bones are formed by endochondral ossification, which is characterized by the presence of a cartilaginous model in which chondrocytes differentiate and mineralized cartilage is replaced with bone through remodeling.


The HE-4 protein is a promising specific marker for the diagnosis of malignant pelvic tumors. The paper presents the case of a 41-year-old patient with a multi-chamber ovarian tumor several centimeters in diameter suspected to be a primary ovarian cancer or a metastatic one of gastrointestinal origin. The value of the HE-4 marker which is highly specific for an ovarian cancer was within normal limits and amounted to 24.33 pmol/L. The patient underwent surgery involving the unilateral removal of adnexa and the greater omentum during which the sample from the second ovary was collected. Histologic examination revealed ovarian endometriosis; however, diagnosis of the gastrointestinal tract did not reveal any abnormalities. The case presented also confirms the excellent sensitivity of the HE-4 marker in very difficult clinical cases, as well as its utility in the differential diagnosis of advanced endometriosis and malignant ovarian diseases.


Due to the key role of the biological decomposition process of organic compounds in wastewater treatment, a very important thing is appropriate aeration of activated sludge, because microorganisms have to be supplied with an appropriate amount of oxygen. Aeration is one of the most energy-consuming processes in the conventional activated sludge systems of wastewater treatment technology (may consume from 50% to 90% of electricity used by a plant), which makes it the most cost-generating process incurred by treatment plants. The paper presents the construction of aeration systems, their classification as well as parameters and factors that significantly affect the aeration process e.g., oxygen transfer efficiency, diffuser fouling, methods of dealing with diffuser fouling, diffuser selection. Additionally, there are briefly presented "smart control" systems in wastewater treatment and effect of application control strategy based on Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition system connected with the decrease in the energy consumption for aeration of bioreactors with activated sludge. It is noted that before the process is optimized, the system should be equipped with suitable metering devices. Only when relevant data is available, the improvements can be carried out. However, it's important, that the operator should regularly maintain good condition and high efficiency of diffusers.


Emergency response is one of the most pressing problems faced by communities across the globe. It is also one of the most important engagements of governments. In the last fifty years, developing statistical, analytical and algorithmic approaches to design emergency response management (ERM) systems has garnered a lot of attention. An ERM pipeline is an intricate combination of several modular sub-components that need to be individually understood in order to make the overall system work. We have identified several key challenges and worked on different components of the ERM pipeline. A major hurdle for widespread adoption of state-ofthe-art ERM techniques is the lack of an integrated, ready-to-use ERM toolset that allows policy makers to directly compare various techniques and visualize their impact. We are developing such an open-source toolset, the first of its kind, which integrates four major components of ERM – incident forecasting, strategic (long term) resource allocation, dynamic resource allocation, and dispatch – in a ready to use package. In this paper, we highlight our work on alleviating some of the major challenges of that ERM faces today, and talk about how such approaches are integrated in our tool.


This article analyzes the current policy of solid waste management in the city of Natal, Brazil. It is the result of a doctoral research finished in 2010, and a research project started in 2013 on recycling in Natal. The results summarize information collected from interviews with recyclable material separators and public managers of Natal and other sources and official information given. In Natal, the Municipality has been using elements of socio-environmental speech to justify the economic actions of its waste management, according with the Brazilian political axes for residues. This practice is configured as an official economic environmentalism, which strives to ensure the reproduction model of final waste through the use of socio environmental discourse


Nucleic acids can quench resonance light scattering (RLS) intensity of the Y(III)-1,6-bi(1'-phenyl-3'-methyl-5'-pyrazolone-4'-)hexane-dione(BPMPHD) complex in the pH range 5.0-5.8. Under optimal conditions, there are linear relationships between the quenching of RLS and the concentration of nucleic acids in the range 6.3 x 10(-8)-2.1 x 10(-5) g/mL for fish sperm DNA (fsDNA), 1.2 x 10(-8)-5.0 x 10(-5) g/mL for calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) and 6.0 x 10(-8)-2.0 x 10(-5) g/mL for yeast RNA (yRNA). The detection limits (3 s) of fsDNA, ctDNA and yRNA are 0.7 ng/mL, 3.8 ng/mL and 4.2 ng/mL, respectively.


The authors should also explicitly mention the fact that they do not know what is the proportion of eligible children that eventually participated in the study. Since they have no idea about the characteristics of these children and the reasons of non-participation this might be a source of bias. Figure 1 is in this respect misleading since it suggests that all eligible children participated in the study.


The Frieldel-Crafts reaction of indole with β-nitrostyrenes catalyzed by MCM-41 was studied. Application of this reaction led to produce 3-substituted indole derivatives being wide present in natural products. The method has several advan- tages of mild reaction, condition handling-up easily, environmental friendly and economic effects. The catalyst can be also recycled.


A participatory experiment was conducted to assess the effect of foliar application of urea and Agromin on apple. Agromin is a commercial formulation of micronutrients containing mineral elements comprising of optimum proportion of zinc, copper, manganese, boron, molybdenum and magnesium. The experiment was conducted at three different sites at altitudes between 1800 to 2200 m above mean sea level. Thirteen to fifteen years old, uniform trees of cultivar Royal Delicious were applied with treatments viz. Urea @ 0.5% (T1), Agromin @ 0.25% (T2), Urea @ 0.5% + Agromin @ 0.25% (T3), Urea @ 1.0% (T4) and Urea @ 1.0% + Agromin @ 0.25% (T5). Urea and Agromin sprays were done between tight to pink cluster stage of growth. These treatments were compared to control plants which were applied the recommended doses of Nitrogen. Results showed that vegetative growth was significantly influenced by the application of urea and agromin. Application of Urea @1.0% + Agromin 0.5% (T5) resulted in highest plant height (29.17 cm), girth (1.10mm), shoot extension growth (45.25cm) and tree spread (14.23 cm) which was at par with treatment T4. Maximum fruit length (6.71cm), diameter (5.57cm), fruit weight (88.41g) and total yield per plant were recorded in the treatment T5 (Urea @1.0% + Agromin 0.5%) followed by the treatments T3(Urea @0.5% + Agromin @ 0.25%) and T1 (Urea 0.5%). The highest benefit: cost ratio (2.80) was obtained in the treatment T5 (Urea 1.0% + Agromin 0.25%). The lowest B: C ratio (2.45) was observed in Control due to the lowest number of large and medium grade fruits.


IT2017 report is the second edition of the ACM/IEEE-CS Curriculum Guidelines for Undergraduate Programs in Information Technology. The report is scheduled to replace its predecessor, the IT2008 report, by the end of this year. A twelve-member diverse task group has worked diligently to make revisions and produce an appropriately forward looking document that is globally relevant and balances perspectives from educators, practitioners, and IT professionals. The novelty of the report is its focus on industry-informed competencies that IT graduates should have to meet the growing demands of a changing technological world in the next decade. Key to the effectiveness of the report's guidelines are implementation decisions that take into account program goals and resources, institutional missions, and local contexts. The panel will elicit productive conversations around how to effectively implement the IT2017 curriculum framework in educational institutions around the world.


Abstract In this study, only 22 of 206 (10.7%) socially marginalized individuals living with HIV and multiple comorbid conditions filled a prescription for antiretroviral therapy within 7 days of discharge from an HIV specialty hospital, despite comprehensive discharge planning. Additional interventions facilitating postdischarge continuity of care are required for this population.


Thermo acoustic refrigerator driving by sound is the optimal project for developing of subminiature cryogenic technolgy. To adapt the micromation we change electrodynamic driver to piezoelectric sound source. We give the equivalent network of the system, and focus on the optimizing of the sound source and the load.\;


A non-singular terminal sliding mode control based on finite time observer is designed to achieve speed direct control for the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system. Speed and current are regulated in one loop under the non-cascade structure, taking place of the cascade structure control method in the vector control of PMSM. Based on the second-order speed function of the PMSM, the disturbance and parameters uncertainties are estimated by the designed finite time observer (FTO), and compensate to the drive system. The estimated value of the finite time observer will converge to the actual disturbance value in a finite time. A second-order non-singular terminal sliding mode controller is proposed to realize the speed and current single-loop, which can track the reference speed and reference current in a finite time. Rigorous stability analysis is established. Comparative results verified that the proposed method has faster speed tracking performance and disturbance rejection property.


This essay outlines the organizational form and programmatic goals of the Work and Family Researchers Network (WFRN). This international membership organization aspires to bring together researchers and scholars from a range of academic disciplines as well as policy makers and practitioners. A brief sketch of the structure of the WFRN emphasizes its marriage of virtual and face-to-face communities. A sketch of the intellectual domain of work and family research maps this field with respect to basic social science and applied concerns. I suggest that the preoccupations of this field of inquiry are not marginal but rather occupy intellectually central space in several disciplines. Moreover, the policy questions of interest to work and family researchers are numerous and noteworthy, as they pertain to different stages of the life course and individuals facing a wide array of work and family interactions. Work and family research is interdisciplinary, based on the extensive cross-disciplinary citation patterns that are already well established in this area. WFRN can nonetheless play a role in facilitating communication and fostering collaborations. The essay ends with a brief note about opportunities and challenges that lie ahead.


Objective To analyze HRCT findings of patients with external auditory canal malformation,and evaluate the relationship between development of the tympanic part of temporal bone and the external auditory canal malformation.Methods We reviewed HRCT findings of 81 ears with external auditory canal malformation.Results Mild dysplasia of external auditory canal was seen in 20 ears,in which the tympanic part was small and short with/without external auditory canal stenosis. Severe dysplasia of external auditory canal was seen in 21 ears,in which the tympanic part showed bony mass instead of U-shaped structure. Aplasia of tympanic part with absence of bony external auditory canal was found in 40 ears.Conclusion The tympanic part is the main portion of bony external auditory canal and the development condition of tympanic part should be regarded when we undertake the classification of the external auditory canal malformation.


Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune disorder, defined by a platelet count of less than 100 × 109/L, secondary to impaired production and immune destruction of platelets. Bleeding tendency is the main presentation of this condition. Clinical symptoms and investigations will confirm the diagnosis. Steroid is the first line of treatment. Although Rituximab and Thrombopoietin receptor agonists are useful second line agents in non-pregnant adults, the data about their role in pregnancy are still limited. We present the case of a 30 year old primigravida, who was a known case of chronic ITP since childhood; the course of her disease was fluctuating, for which oral steroids were used accordingly. She presented with gum bleeding and petechial rash with very low platelets count. She was sponsored by the Patient Support Program and was given Eltrombopag during the third trimester. She responded well to Eltrombopag with no noticeable side effects, neither to the mother nor to the baby so far. Eltrombopag has been assigned Category C by the Federal Drugs Agency (FDA) nevertheless there are no well controlled data in the literature about its role in pregnancy.


Precision medicine is an innovative approach to tailoring disease prevention and treatment that takes into account differences in people's genes, environments, and lifestyle patterns. The aim of such an approach is to lead a shift in the clinical treatment paradigm from a trial-and-error or perceptive approach to the right drug, for the right patient, at the right time. The characterization of human biology and behaviors is now possible at scale owing to advances in biomarkers, bioimaging, and wearable technologies. In addition, big data from electronic medical records, health insurance databases, and other platforms have become available. These have enabled the generation of new insights into the phenotype known as diabetes. Precision medicine in diabetes (PMD) refers to an approach to optimize the diagnosis, prediction, and prevention or treatment of diabetes by integrating multi-dimensional data accounting for individual differences. The potential for precision treatment in diabetes is vast and should be considered cost-effective. Compared to precision medicine of monogenic diabetes, precision medicine of type 2 diabetes is difficult due to the polygenic condition in which environment as well as thousands of etiological genetic variants play an important role. Although there are the great concerns about PMD, which is complex and difficult to do, is required much time, we look forward to clinical utility in the treatment of patients based on their effects on different classes of markers, including race, metabolic status, other phenotypic markers, and omics data for each class of antihyperglycemic medication in the near future.


To study the effect of thermal conductivity of different pore foam ceramics' suppression gas explosion,in this paper,different pore foam ceramics of 15 mm thickness were carried out experiment in square pipe of 200 mm×200 mm cross - section,their thermal conductivity were evaluated,and their three - dimensional microcosmic structure were analyzed.The results show that the thermal conductivity of pore foam ceramics is smaller than that of medium pore foam ceramics,the effect of pore foam ceramics' suppression gas explosion is better than that of foam ceramics with medium hole,for explosion suppression material of the same material,its thermal conductivity is worse,then its effect of its suppression on gas explosion is relatively better.The results of study have importandy theoretical significance and practical value to explore materials that suppress gas explosion and prevent disaster in coal mine.


We study D + s decays to final states involving the η ′ with a 482 pb − 1 data sample collected at √ s = 4 . 009 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. We measure the branching fractions B ( D + s → η ′ X ) = ( 8 . 8 ± 1 . 8 ± 0 . 5 ) % and B ( D + s → η ′ ρ + ) = ( 5 . 8 ± 1 . 4 ± 0 . 4 ) % where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. In addition, we estimate an upper limit on the non-resonant branching ratio B ( D + s → η ′ π + π 0 ) < 5 . 1% at the 90% confidence level. Our results are consistent with CLEO's recent measurements and help to resolve the disagreement between the theoretical prediction and CLEO's previous measurement of B ( D + s → η ′ ρ + ) . © 2015 The Authors. Published by This is an open BY license .


The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of salary, compensation and benefits, accountability, job stress, increased instructional responsibilities, changes in student demographics, lack of support, politics, advancement opportunities and promotion on tenure and turnover among high school principals in the state of Texas. The participants in the study included 60 Texas high school principals who left a high school principalship for a different high school principalship within the past 5 years. The participants completed the Texas Principal Survey and data were analyzed using binary logistic regression. The data indicated that salary, compensation and benefits was a significant factor in predicting an increase in the odds of principal turnover for principals who had been in their prior principalship 5 or more years over principals who had been in their prior principalship less than 5 years. Additionally, advancement opportunities was a significant factor in predicting a decrease in the odds of principal turnover for principals who had been in their prior principalship 5 or more years over principals who had been in their prior principalship less than 5 years. Responses from an open ended question asking principals why they left their prior principalship suggested that principals left for reasons including new challenges, lack of support and family. The results of this study support the need for continued research in the area of principal turnover and provide insight to district superintendents, school boards and principals.


Body image is a person''s perception of their physical appearance as well as their feelings and thoughts connected to it. Dissatisfaction with the body has strong links to low self esteem and can lead some people to develop unhealthy behavioural practices in an attempt to try and change their appearance. This book discusses three studies conducted by the author looking at the reasons why for some people body image has a significant impact on their life and for others it does not.


To the Editor.— In response to Dr Harold J. Ellner's discussion of "The Fine Art of Disappearing from Meetings" (1982;247:508) wherein he describes the problems of a hospital president of staff in retaining his audience, I offer the following. During a recent year as a hospital staff president, I, too, observed the clever means by which many members exited meetings early. It was also evident that most staff members crowded and congregated at the back of the room to facilitate easy egress, leaving the front rows unoccupied. Faced with this usual situation at a meeting of required attendance, I opened the meeting—then abruptly asked all in attendance to stand up, turn their chairs in the opposite direction, and be reseated. I proceeded to the back of the room, slid out a second lectern previously placed there, and resumed the meeting— squarely in front of the only exit. This exposed those


This study aims to examine the relationship between students' units coordination abilities and their problem-solving strategies within the realm of school mathematics, with a focus on the effects of disparate units coordination skills on navigating proportion and linear function problems. The study conducted in-depth interviews with students, with attention on the application of students' units coordination abilities to fraction multiplication problems. The analysis focused on clarifying the way students' proportional reasoning - which is contingent on their units coordination levels - and their quantitative reasoning apply to linear function problems. The study's findings underscore a close relationship between students' problem-solving methods for proportion problems, guided by their respective units coordination levels, and students' strategies in handling linear function problems. Further discussion includes students' units coordination abilities, the concepts of ratios and proportions, and how they relate to students' understanding of linear functions, providing pedagogical insights for the teaching and learning of these fundamental mathematical concepts.


We determined the clinicopathological factors that predicted outcome after salvage treatment for stage IV oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Additionally, the prognostic significance of the cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2)/microsomal prostaglandin‐E synthase‐1 (mPGES‐1) pathway was evaluated.


This work highlights the recycling of waste carpet (Jute) to develop epoxy composites using a modified vacuum-assisted environment. Incorporating Multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) into the epoxy matrix in different weight percentages improves the physio-mechanical properties. The MWCNT was supplemented at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 wt% to investigate the mechanical aspects of composite samples. The nanofiller (MWCNT) dispersion in the epoxy matrix was simulated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX). The results were compared to the neat (pristine) sample to study the influence of nano-supplement. The Tensile, Flexural, and Impact tests were the selected experiments to assess the material characteristics. The findings show the feasibility of the developed samples for lightweight structural applications such as toy items, wall tiles, roof tiles, sound insulation, and roadside barriers. It could be endorsed as a feasible way to handle the waste issues generated by the carpet and textile sources.


In cold regions like Alaska of USA, Canada and the northern parts of Europe, using studded tyres is common among the public when driving in icy and snowy conditions. However, studded tyres cause extensive wear to asphalt pavement, reducing pavement life. This study addresses the physical and economic impacts of winter studded tyres on the roadway system to better inform decision makers as they develop alternative solutions and future polices. The approach is applied in a case study from a sample of Alaska statewide road segments. Surveys were employed to examine the extent of the use of studded tyres and cost-effective alternatives. A pavement life-cycle cost review was established considering several variables to discover a realistic cost of roadway resurfacing and rehabilitation. Wear rates due to studded tyres and rut rates due to wheel loads were found for different highway classes. The results indicate higher average wear rates due to studded passenger vehicles on freeways than average rut rates due to heavy wheel loads. The results also indicate lower average wear rates on arterial and collector roads. The estimates show that studded tyre use reduced asphalt surface life by about 7 years on the selected freeway sample in the case study, which is about 47% loss in pavement life based on the initial design life of 15 years. Other road classes experienced lower reductions in service life. Finally, cost analysis was provided to reflect the impact of studded tyres on the state's budget. Countermeasures were suggested, which in turn may help other cold regions develop strategies on the use of new winter tyre technology.


This article focuses on selected reviews of state archive resource guides in Polish journals. The query was based on the following journals: "Archeion", "Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne", "Archiwista Polski" i "Archiwa – Kancelarie – Zbiory". In addition, the author uses singular reviews of archive resource guides found in "Zapiski Historyczne", "Przegląd Zachodnio-Pomorski", "Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych", "Kwartalnik Historii Kultury Materialnej" and "Rocznik Biblioteki Narodowej". A total number of 18 reviews of 11 archive resource guides, published in the years 1958–2016, were analyzed. The reviews themselves were published between 1959 and 2017. Analyzing archive resource guides, the author deals with very sensitive material which is very challenging to be assessed explicitly. Each time, the reviews resulted from extensive studies, which were often the result of time-consuming work performed by teams consisting of many experts. The question of whether there is still a place for traditional book guides to archive resources in the modern world will probably remain an open question for a long time. The analysis of guidebooks issued in the traditional form is always a unique moment and invariably constitutes a great challenge for all archives. Each time it is associated with the intensification of work; it allows for the improvement and unification of archival records. It also provides a greater precision of the existing information on the archive resources. The analyzed reviews of the state archive resource guides show how many possibilities there may occur to commit a mistake in the process of such an analysis.


Heymann, P. (1900), "Die gutartigen Geschwiilste aer Noee", in "Handbuch der Laryngologie und Rhinologie", Volume III, page 783; quoted by Eggston, A. A., and Wolff, D., 1000 mtato. Kelley, S. F. (1936), "Incidence of Sinusitis and Nasal Polypi iO Bronchial Asthma", The Laryngoscope, Volume XLVI, page 692. Kistner, F. B. (1931). "Histopathology and Bacteriology of Sinusitis, with Comments on Post-OperativeRepair", Archives of Otolaryngology, Volume XIII, page 225. Lederer, F. G. (1944), "Diseases of the Ear, Nose and Throat", F. A. Davis Company, Philadelphia, page 376. Mortimer, B., and Beard, G. (1935), "Tissue Heating by Short Wave Diathermy",TheJournal of the American Medical Association, Volume CV, page 510. ----" and Osborne, S. L. (1935), "Tissue Heating by Short Wave Diathermy", ibidem, Volume CIV, page 1413. Prausnitz,C. W., and KUstner, H. (1920, "Btudien iiber die Ueberempjindlichkeit", Centralblatt fiir Bakteriologie Parasitenkunde und lnfectionskrankheiten, Volume LXXXVI, page 160. Shambaugh,G. E., junior (1939) "ObscureLow-GradeChronic Infections of Ethmoid Sinuses", The Journal of the American


We report high-temperature magnetic measurements of silica-coated nickel nanoparticles. The Curie temperature is found to decrease with decreasing particle size and follow a finite-size scaling relation with the correlation length exponent ν = 1.06 ± 0.07. The measured exponent is in excellent agreement with the reported values for nickel nanowires and some nickel thin films. By carefully analyzing the reported thickness dependencies of the Curie temperatures for some nickel films, we show that the intrinsic ν value for nickel is 0.73 ± 0.03, while the much larger ν values (about 1.0) found for some other samples might arise from the presence of long-range correlated disorder near the surface. The intrinsic ν value together with the experimental values of other critical exponents consistently shows that the three-dimensional Heisenberg model is sufficient to describe the ferromagnetism of nickel. Our current work thus resolves a long-standing controversy in this field.


SUMMARY The guide path layout for an automated guided vehicle system (AGVS) is a critical component in the overall design of a flexible manufacturing system (FMS) that utilizes AGVs for materials handling. Not only does it affect the total distance travelled by the vehicles but it also affects vehicle requirements and space utilization. In this study, the problem of selecting the guide path as well as the location of pick-up and drop-off points for outward and inward bound parts to departments is addressed. The problem is modelled and solved as a linear integer program with the objective of minimizing the total distance travelled.


In this paper we propose a simple procedure for the extraction of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes) from activated charcoal. For this purpose synthetic samples were prepared in a laboratory and real samples were collected in a polluted environment using passive sampling. The proposed extraction procedure is based on the use of an appositely designed Soxhlet apparatus, dimensions of which are as small as the cartridge of the passive samplers, in order to accommodate this latter and permit us to use a small amount of solvent. The selection of the solvent was based on the strong desire to substitute carbon disulfide, which is by far the solvent of choice, with a less hazardous substance in order to enhance operator protection. Among the solvents tested the best results were obtained by using dichloromethane that, under optimized conditions, led to a complete recovery (>97%) of each analyte (BTEX), both in the synthetic and the real samples. The extraction procedure with CH2Cl2 in the Soxhlet lasted for about 20 minutes which also resulted in a reduced operating time.


One of the most robust findings in psycho linguistics is that object-extracted relative clauses (ORCs) are more difficult to process than subject-extracted relative clauses (SRCs) (Traxler, Morris, & Seely, 2002; King & Just, 1991; Ford, 1983). However, the reasons for this are still controversial. One view attributes this difficulty to experience: ORCs are harder to process because they are more rarely encountered than SRCs (Wells, Christiansen, Race, Acheson, & MacDonald, 2008; Gennari & MacDonald, 2008; MacDonald & Christiansen, 2002). Another view is that the word order of ORCs places a larger burden on working memory than SRCs (Miller & Chomsky, 1963; Grodner & Gibson, 2005; Lewis & Vasishth, 2005). These models predict different loci of processing difficulty along an ORC sentence. Experience-based models predict difficulty at the beginning of the ORC, where the structure can be identified as rare. Memory-based models predict difficulty at the embedded verb, where a long distance dependency must be resolved. There is evidence indicating difficulty in both regions (Staub, 2010). Wells et aI., (2009) conducted a relative clause training study, which found that intensive experience with ORCs reduced (but did not eliminate) processing differences. However, the study did not pinpoint the locus of these training effects. The present study aimed to replicate Wells et aI., (2009), focusing on the locus of any training effects. On a memory-based account, training should have selectively facilitated processing exclusively at the subject region of the ORC. If instead ORC complexity is primarily a function of experience, then training should have facilitated processing over the entire ORC. Training only facilitated processing over the subject of the ORC. In contrast, difficulty at the embedded verb actually increased with training. Though methodological issues discourage definitive conclusions, the results suggest that the role of experience is limited and intrinsic memory constraints underlie ORC complexity.


WE ARE INTERESTED in New York's watersheds, not only because they belong to one of the greatest surface water supply systems in the world but also because they furnish examples of all the varied watershed problems that are encountered in the eastern United States. On every drainage area there is to be found both private and public land. The land use ranges from highly improved dairy farms to state park and forest preserves, and these occur over a •wide variety of topography and geology. Greater New York requires about 800 million gallons of fresh water a day. Mid-summer uses have been as high as 1,400 million gallons a day. To supply this amount of water would require the average flow of one cubic foot per second per square mile from 2,160 square miles. For 800 million gallons per day, 1,200 square miles would be required. The combined area of all New York watersheds, excluding the Bast Branch development not yet completed, is only 1,250 square miles. During the summer and early fall months, July through October, New York streams yield on the average less than 1 cubic foot per second per square mile. Sometimes the daily average flow for an entire month has been one quarter of this amount, or less. The months of March and April produce the largest yield, sometimes as much as 40 percent of the entire annual runoff. Although the highest rainfall based on the 80-year record of the Croton area occurs during the months of July and August, these are the months of lowest amount of runoff. Under these hydrologic conditions it is obvious that reservoirs must be employed capable of storing a 3to 5-months' supply. Any form of watershed management that would increase the


Pio Pico is an urban elementary school of 900 students, located in Santa Ana, California (Orange County). Most of the adults in the community are low income, Latino immigrants, born in Mexico, and have very little formal education. Most of the students are American citizens. This exceptional school is facilitated by the leadership of a dynamic principal, Judy Magsaysay, who operationalizes the shared beliefs of the faculty and community; who empowers learners, parents and the community through their active participation in all of the decisions of the school; and who has organized and staffed the school to embody its commitment to a Spanish-bilingual maintenance program by hiring a bilingual, international faculty. Judy Magsaysay accepted the challenge of opening a new school in Santa Ana, California as principal in 1991. Pio Pico Elementary School, Santa Ana Unified School District, began as a school of 330 students and 10 teachers in temporary quarters on the campus of another elementary school in Santa Ana. She expected that the new school would soon triple in size as the community is part of a very densely populated square mile-in fact, the second most dense in the United States-in which nearly 26,000 children 18 years of age and under reside. Most of the inhabitants are Latino, non-English speakers, and poor. She and her hand-picked faculty, all Spanish bilingual teachers, were bursting with pride and high expectations for their learners. They were innovators, competent curriculum and instruction leaders. Theirs would be a true bilingual, Spanish language maintenance program. They began their planning year with outreach activities, canvassing door-to-door introducing themselves, recruiting families to attend the new school when the building was ready in a year, and seeking community input in developing the vision for their new school. What Judy could not have anticipated was that the enthusiasm of moving into a brand new, air-conditioned building would be undermined considerably by the community's fear of the location; the new Pio Pico site was on a street well known for gang activity and visible to drug transactions. Parents did not want to move just around the corner to their new site. Their temporary site was located in a community of largely single-family, owner-occupied homes. They were happy there. The new street was surrounded by multiple-unit, renter-occupied buildings. Honoring their concerns and the beliefs she and her faculty held about schools as part of a seamless community of collaborators, Judy and her team went to work. Before the educators could generate parent participation in the new school and realize a new, effective learning organization, the educators had to allay parents' concerns about safety. Lesson: Strategic thinking pays off. Safety concerns must be addressed first Question: Peter Senge (1994), a leading systems theorist, in his Fifth Discipline Fieldbook says that learning organizations start with reflection on their undertaking and on the central challenges posed. What strategic activities did you initiate to identify your priorities? Judy: After weeks of outreach visits, we held our first Family Night so we could explain our plans for the school: a model Spanish language arts school, a teacher training site. We had a wonderful turn-out of over 200 people. Our purpose was to garner support from our community for the new school. We broke into small groups, each with a teacher facilitator. Safety was the overriding concern expressed in every group. To construct a meaningful curriculum for our school, we knew that we must involve parents, must listen to them, and be responsive. While the parents were there, we quickly held a faculty de-briefing. Then we announced our need for support from parents to address the safety concerns. We appointed from the volunteers a parent representative from each block; and we designated teacher facilitators for each group. …


This study aimed at determining the effectiveness o f using reflection in developing Tourism and Hospitality students' ora cy in English. Two modes of reflection (i.e., active reflection and proactive reflection) were used for developing two aspects of oracy: language awareness of some features of spoken language (i.e., phonology, vocabulary, grammar, and pragmatics) and some oral performance criteria (i.e., active listening, turn-taking, questioning, responding, and overall performance quality ). To investigate the problem of the study, two sections from third-year, Tourism studen ts – Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality, Suez Canal University – were randomly assigned to be either the experimental group (EG) or the control group (CG). Both groups studied six spoken texts; the former had the chance to practice refl ction with its two modes while the latter had not that chance. They we re pre-tested and post-tested on their oracy. A t test for independent samples demonstrated that the re was a statistically significant difference between the me an score of the EG and that of the CG on the post OT favoring the EG in language a wareness including vocabulary, grammar, and pragmatics and oral performance including active listening, turn-taking, questioning, responding, and overall performance quality. Therefore, it was concluded that using reflection is effective in developing Tourism and Hospitality students' oracy in English.


Although middle school educators have been strong advocates of the tea concept, too often all teachers are not included in teams. Students' attendance and learning improves when students feel a sense of group solidarity, and teachers too find their general effectiveness improves when they share a sense of belonging. Ironically, interdisciplinary team organizations have tended to deny the benefits recognized as good for teachers and students to special education teachers. All too often they are unable to ' 'join the team." Special educators, who have tried to mainstream their students into regular classes, often have found themselves out of the mainstream in middle schools.


The Nordic e-Infrastructure Collaboration on Earth System Modeling Tools is a small community comprising members with diverse backgrounds, skills, and interests. Largely dependent on temporary staff to develop, operate, and maintain large scientific codes, this community devised strategies to enhance software reusability and sustainability. These strategies include collaborating with other communities for support, adopting Open Science as well as findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable principles to optimize resource usage, growing essential knowledge within the community, and setting up a community of practice to facilitate onboarding and offboarding. The strategies also promote inclusiveness, foster external collaboration, and recognize technical contributions.


In this article the author describes Sweden's $1.3 billion Citytunnel Project that will, upon its completion, be the Swedish National Rail Administration's largest rail undertaking. Specifically, two parallel 11 kilometer long tunnels being drilled beneath the city of Malmo are discussed. These tunnels are being constructed at a cost of $325 million. The bedrock where the tunnels are being drilled is comprised of a 60 meter thick layer of tertiary danian limestone with about four to 10 meters of clay till overlying it. The author describes the tectonics and hydrology of the region, problems associated with groundwater lowering caused by the tunnel construction, as well as the two tunnel boring machines that are being used. The tunnels will use a 350 millimeter thick precast concrete lining. One station for the project, the Triangeln Station, has already been mined, and its excavation is described in brief.


Contamination of water and soils by residual explosives and their byproducts at military sites throughout the world is quite common. Most remedial studies have focussed on TNT but other military explosives such as RDX and HMX may also pose environmental hazards. For example, RDX has been used as a rat poison and it can cause epileptic seizures in humans. In this investigation, biological and chemical studies are combined to provide insight into the behavior (physical and biological) of RDX and HMX as they pass through wetland ecosystems as well as to develop technology for the remediation of these compounds.


Abstract
The Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) is being designed to provide a uniform user interface to heterogeneous machine-readable bio-medical information resources, such as bibliographic databases, genetic databases, expert systems and patient records.1 Such an interface will have to recognize different ways of saying the same thing, and provide links to ways of saying related things. One way to represent the necessary associations is via a domain thesaurus. As no such thesaurus exists, and because, once built, it will be both sizable and in need of continuous maintenance, its design should include a methodology for building and maintaining it. We propose a methodology, utilizing lexically expanded schema inversion, and a design, called T. Lex, which together form one approach to the problem of defining and building a bio-medical thesaurus. We argue that the semantic locality implicit in such a thesaurus will support model-based reasoning in bio-medicine.2


Approximately 1000 observations of neutral hydrogen have been obtained with the 54-channel H-line receiver and the Wiirzburg antenna of the Carnegie Institution of Washington. H-line profiles have been observed at 10-degree intervals along the ±20-, ±30-, and ± 40-degree parallels of galactic latitude; at 20-degree intervals along the ± 50and ±60-degree parallels; at 40-degree intervals along the ±70and ±80-degree parallels and at the poles. Approxi mately two dozen observations have been taken at points near the galactic plane in order to correlate these observations with the Leiden survey [1]. The beamwidth of the Wiirzburg antenna was about 2 degrees. The observations were taken in two series, one series during the summer of 1957, and the other series during 1958 January. The video frequency bandwidth of the receiver is 12kc/s. The profiles consist of averages of from two to six scans with integration times from 4.8 to 7.5 minutes.


A search for the standard model (SM) H boson decaying to a pair of tau leptons and produced in association with a W or Z boson is presented using data collected in 2011 and 2012 with the CMS detector at the LHC. The topologies studied here represent three- or four-charged lepton final states, where the SM H boson is produced in association with the leptonic decay of a W or Z boson, respectively. The analyses use CMS collision data samples corresponding to integrated luminosities of 4.9 fb-1 collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV and 19.7 fb-1 at 8 TeV. No significant excess above the expected background is observed, resulting in exclusion limits between 0.96 and 8.9 times the expectation for the product of SM H cross section and tau pair decay branching fraction for H masses between 90 and 145 GeV. The best fit of the observed H → ττ signal cross section in associated production times branching fraction for mH = 125 GeV is -0.33 ± 1.02 times the SM expectation.


A simple model for the scattering of s-wave neutrons is discussed. The scattering interaction is a square-well potential modified by allowing transmission through the origin to a mode of motion characterized by many narrow resonances. When the coupling out of the incident channel is weak, the cross section is found to have a resonant part which shows the giant resonance behavior observed in nuclear scattering. (auth)


AbstractBackground: Chronic ankle pain is considered a diagnosticchallenge because of variable causes including traumatic andnon-traumatic causes. MRI is considered an excellent methodof diagnosis of soft tissue abnormalities around ankle joint.Ultrasonography also can detect normal anatomic structureand assess ligamentous abnormalities, and provide dynamicevaluation of the soft tissues. Ultrasonography is more avail-able, cheap, fast, and safe method of diagnosis.Aim of Study: Was toevaluate the accuracy of both ultra-sonography and magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosis ofdifferent causes of chronic ankle pain.Patients and Methods: A comparative study conductedupon attendants referred from orthopedics clinic who com-plained of ankle pain.Results: In this study ultrasound successfully diagnosedand characterized 35 out of 40 patients (85%) while MRIdiagnosed and characterized 36 patients (87.5%). MRI is themodality of choice for optimal detection of most of osseousand; soft-tissue disorders of ankle with higher axial resolutionand multiplanar capabilities while ultrasound proved to beexcellent cost-benefit widely available imaging technique thathas high spatial resolution making it helpful tool in diagnosingmost of ankle soft tissue disorders with high diagnosticaccuracies almost equal to MRI values.Conclusion: Ultrasonography and MRI are two methodsof investigations with the former being used as primary toolof investigation and the latter done to confirm diagnosis andthe extent of the lesion especially when surgery is planned.


Along with the continuous development of the sensor network technology, sensors from all over the world are constantly producing sensor data. However, the sensor data from different source is hard to work together for lack of semantic. Fortunately, SSN ontology provide a way to represent sensor data semantically, but how to transform sensor data into the instance of SSN ontology conveniently is still an issue to be considered. This paper proposed a solution to map sensor data to SSN ontology automatically based on a predefined XML-based document. We design a mapping language SASML (Sensors Annotation and Semantic Mapping Language) which provide a schema to annotate sensors and sources so as to generate a XML document for mapping. Then, an algorithm (namely SDRM) is designed to automatically transform sensor data, which described by SASML, to RDF conforming to SSN ontology, according to the mapping document and the element correspondences between the SASML and SSN ontology. Further, a case study about sensor data from greenhouse is presented to illustrate our method, and a prototype is also developed to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness.


In this work, a study was performed on the photothermal properties of colloidal solutions, adding metallic nanoparticles in water. Gold and nickel oxide nanoparticles were used. The thermo-optical characteristics of the solvent, water, changes due to the presence of nanoparticles. On this scale, these effects are related to the surface plasmon resonance. To characterize these colloidal solutions, thermal diffusivity and optical absorption measurements were performed using the Thermal Lens technique and the Lambert-Beer Law, respectively. Finally, the water evaporation rate in the presence of metal nanoparticles was measured under the following conditions: different concentrations, different sizes, and different materials. We observe that there is an ideal concentration that provides us the highest evaporation rate. From it, the rate starts to decrease. This effect was attributed to the competition between light absorption and scattering in the samples. Thus, we demonstrate that adding gold to water increases its evaporation rate by a maximum of 50% while adding nickel oxide generates a maximum increase of 62%. This leads us to consider these solutions as potential candidates for technological applications such as cancer photothermal therapy and sterilization of medical equipment.


Objective To investigate the value of CT in diagnosis of bone and joint trauma.Methods Thirty seven cases of fracture misdiagnosed by radiography and corrected by CT images were analyzed retrospectively.The fracture occurred in the hip joint(5 cases),the wrist(2 cases),knee joint(5 cases),temporomandibular joint(1 case),the os nasale(6 cases),the orbit(8 cases)respectively.Results Fractures were demonstrated definitely with CT transaxial imaging in all patients.Conclusion CT images can afford very valuable information about the bone and joint trauma,CT should be the next choice when plain films fail to reveal suspected fracture in the setting of suggestive symptoms and positive physical examination.


A computationally efficient form of the Hill determinant method is devised, giving both E and (x2) values, and is used to test the accuracy of that method in the light of recent criticisms. l-1 and N-1 asymptotic theories are used to check the numerical results.


Free, spontaneous interaction cannot be an attractive extra in a program which is rigid and mechanical. We must develop a smooth and natural transition from skill-getting to skill-using. Language learning, like other human activities, involves three parallel cognitive systems for processing information and storing it for use: the enactive, the iconic or perceptual, and the symbolic. We must select the type of activity appropriate to the kind of learning involved in various aspects of second language acquisition. Practice exercises should always be pseudo-communication, moving from teacher-directed demonstration to student-directed application, to autonomous student production, and to spontaneous interaction, every extension of linguistic competence being tested out immediately in natural communicative use. Practice exercises can be purely manipulative (Type A) or can require student autonomy in selection (Type B). It is the Type B activity which should predominate if students are to develop the confidence they need for interaction, which is the use of language for the natural purposes of language.


Tension-tension axial fatigue tests of a uniavial glass filament-reinforced epoxy were conducted at 295 K and 4 K. The fatigue life was found to be an order of magnitude greater at 4 K than at 295 K. These results are believed to be the first 4 K fatigue data reported for a composite material. Key words: Cryogenics; fatigue, fiber composites: liquid helium; low tem perature tests; mechanical properties.


The Ukrainian railway transport is the leading branch in the national road transport complex. Until recently, the Ukrainian railways have been satisfying the transportation needs of the economy and the population. Today, the service life of the technical resource of railways is practically expired. Therefore, there is a threat that the railway transport fails to satisfy future transportation needs of the Ukrainian economy.According to the accounting reports of Ukrzaliznytsya PJSC, at the end of 2016, the deterioration level of the fixed assets in the industry was 69.4%. In the context of a constant budget shortfall, the most urgent issue for Ukrainian railways is focusing on activation of innovation activity. We believe that most of the schemes of the traditional economy in the 21st century no longer work; therefore, alternatives should be searched for, the most obvious of which now is the cryptoeconomy with its decentralized system. The development and implementation of innovations in the Ukrainian railway industry requires new approaches to the system of financing innovations in the country; in this respect, ICO is a modern and promising method of attracting investments.


THE INVENTION RELATES TO A GLUE FOR FUSE MOLDED PARTS ASSEMBLY AND PRODUCTS SHEET EPDM THEM OR WITH OTHER MATERIALS, WHICH CONSISTS OF THE FOLLOWING COMPONENTS: A.A RUBBER COPOLYMER TYPE OF SEBS; B.10 150 PARTS BY WEIGHT RESIN ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON; C.50 300 PARTS BY WEIGHT Resin HYDROCARBON AROMATIC, 1000 D.JUSQU'A PARTS BY WEIGHT OF ASPHALT WITH A POINT OF SOFTENING RK A 3744 5459.


Stratgic alignment has been one of the top concerns for IT executives for decades. One of the great debates in literature regarding strategic alignment is what act 'alignment' means, why it is need ...


Culture of rat islets of Langerhans for 1 week at 37 degrees C with recombinant transforming growth factor beta prolonged the survival of islet xenografts transplanted into diabetic mouse recipients. Treatment of diabetic recipients with a neutralizing monoclonal antibody to murine interferon gamma did not affect the survival of islet xenografts cultured 7 days in control medium. However, treatment of donor islets with transforming growth factor beta in combination with treatment of diabetic recipients with interferon gamma antibody produced a 75% survival of the islet xenografts at 100 days. Fifty percent of the recipients who had accepted their graft for more than 100 days were immune unresponsive to a transplant of freshly isolated islets from the same donor strain.


This study aims to analyze the influence of information and communication technology (ICT) and business strategies on business performance in small and medium enterprises. This research is quantitative, descriptive survey that uses SEM methodology. Data collection is carried out in small and medium enterprises that have a workforce of 5-19 people for small businesses and 20-99 people for medium-sized businesses. Second, small and medium enterprises have assets of 50 million-500 million rupiah for small businesses and more than 500 million to 5 billion rupiah for medium-sized businesses. The number of samples is 250. The results of the study were processed using LISREL 8.80, in the model and hypothesis testing. The results of this study prove that small and medium enterprises are more open in responding to the rapid development in the field of information and communication technology to build competitive advantages against competitors.


In order to investigate the feasibility of hydrolysis / acidification / aerobic process for treatment of wastewater from reducing dyestuff production, lab-scale continuous flow experiment was conducted in mixed ingredient wastewater. The result shows that when COD in the wastewater from dyestuff production is less than 1 500 mg/L, and HRT in hydrolytic reactor, acidification reactor, and aeration reactor is respectively 2.5, 3.0, and 6.0 h, the effluent quality reaches secondary discharge standard specified in GB 8978—1996. Hydrolysis and acidification can greatly improve the biochemical treatability of the wastewater, and accelerate the progress of subsequent aerobic treatment. It is observed from variation rule of ammonia nitrogen that adding-amidogen and doffing-amidogen are involved respectively in hydrolysis-phase and acidification-phase for the degradation of macro-molecular heterocyclics in the wastewater.


Billboard is one of important commercial advertisements in ancient China.There was great mumber of contents and types of billboard with our economys developing and frequent contraction.It embodied evident professional characteristic filled with abundant merchant culture.


Amorphous As2S8 chalcogenide glass is shown to undergo changes in refractive index upon exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. As2S8 film properties are studied, which were measured with testing techniques of prism coupler, x-ray diffraction spectrum and Raman spectra. It is found that the refractive index increases and the thickness decreases after UV light irradiation. The visible optical absorption spectra show that photo-darkening does not exist in the As2S8 film. Based on the study of these phenomena, the UV light irradiation technique is presented and employed for fabricating an As2S8 stripe waveguide, which is shown to be an effective guided mode device with a useful switching functionality based on the photo-optical effect, such as an all-optical attenuator.


15 2O ABSTRACT A neural network is trained to output a time dependent target vector defined over a predetermined time interval in response to a time dependent input vector defined over the same time interval by applying corresponding elements of the error vector, or difference between the target vector and the actual neuron output vector, to the inputs of corresponding output neurons of the network as corrective feedback. This feedback decreases the error and quickens the learning process, so that a much smaller number of training cycles are required to complete the learning process. A conventional gradient descent algorithm is employed to update the neural network parameters at the end of the predetermined time interval. The foregoing process is repeated in repetitive cycles until the actual output vector corresponds to the target vector. In the preferred embodiment, as the overall error of the neural network output decreases during successive training cycles, the portion of the error fed back to the output neurons is decreased accordingly, allowing the network to learn with greater freedom from teacher forcing as the network parameters converge to their optimum values. The invention may also be used to train a neural network with stationary training and target vectors. ABSTRACT A neural network is trained to output a time dependent vector defined over a predetermined time interval in response to a time dependent input vector defined over the same time interval by applying corresponding elements of the error vector, or difference between the target vector and the actual neuron output vector, to the inputs of corresponding output neurons of the network as corrective feedback. This feedback decreases the error and quickens the learning process, so that a much smaller number of training cycles are required to complete the learning pro('ess. A conventional gradient descent algorithm is employed to update the neural network parameters at the end of the predetermined time interval. The foregoing process is repeated in repetitive cycles until the actual output vector corresponds to the target vector. In the preferred embodiment, as the overall error of the neural network output decreases during successive training cycles, the portion of the error fed back to the output neurons is decreased accordingly, allowing the network to learn with greater freedom from teacher forcing as the network parameters converge to their optimum values. The invention may also be used to train a neural network with stationary training and target vectors.


A high affinity, photoactivatable, radio-iodinated ligand for the ryanodine binding site(s) of the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium-release-channel, C10-Oeq-N-(4-azido-5-125iodo salicyloyl)-β-alanyl-β-alanyl ryanodine (Az-βAR), was synthesized at a specific activity of 1400mCi/mmol. Prepared by condensing the versatile synthon, N-(4-azido-5125iodo salicyloyl)-β-alanine with C10-Oeq-β-alanyl ryanodine, Az-βAR, like [3H] ryanodine, does not demonstrate saturation binding kinetics. 127Az-βAR exhibits an IC50 of 27.2 ± 2 × 10−9 M (mean ± SD) compared to ryanodine's 6.2 ± 0.4 × 10−9 M for the ryanodine receptor/calcium release channel of sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles isolated from rabbit skeletal muscle.


The present invention includes a pharmaceutical layer containing at least one matrix and / or active ingredients reservoir has an effective ingredient, and a permeability of diffusion barriers in the active ingredient is provided on the skin side of the active ingredient reservoir, It relates to the use for the manufacture of a therapeutic means of restless legs syndrome transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) comprising in addition to its physiologically compatible salts with ergoline derivatives or acid, the active ingredient.


To dispatch the goal about walking towards the 4th Industrial Revolution, one of the main key materials that require alterations and enhancements is data communication and transmission. To keep up with the augmented rise in demand for data, fiber-optics communication and networks commence a significant role in the transfer of data at high speeds. This article exemplifies the expediency analysis of 5.76 Tbits/s SDM-PDM-Nyquist superchannel WDM hybrid multiplexing technique over a multimodal transmission link up to 10 km using C-band carrier frequencies. This system is designed to carry 48 channels of data that can be produced using 8 C-band carrier frequencies, 2 polarization states, and 3 LP modes through 3.1% Germania doped over pure silica step-index multimode fiber. The system exhibits a satisfactory performance (log BER -9.35, faithful Q-factor 6.09, extinction ratios 7.78, minimum OSNR 46.5 dB) up to a distance of 10 km. Each channel receives a satisfactory amount of power after the dual-stage amplification process in the transmission medium with an ultra-high spectral efficiency of 137% and a high bandwidth-distance product of 385 MHz.km


In our aging society, gait disturbance becomes a major concern as it inevitably leads to limitations in mobility and to an increased risk of falls. Spontaneous walking speed normally decreases by about 1% per year from age 60 onward [1]. A population-based study has shown a 35% prevalence of gait disorders among persons over age 70 [2], and some abnormal gait features can be predictive of a progression to dementia of Alzheimer type, e.g., [3], [4]. Problems of balance and gait are associated with immobility and falls, which markedly impair the quality of life, e.g., [5]. Thus, it is important to develop quantitative methods aimed at monitoring gait disturbances in natural environments, and at the critical analysis and development of new therapeutic strategies. Accelerometer-based methods have become popular to deal with such applications using accelerometers with small size and low power consumption, as well as algorithms that accurately extract relevant gait events and gait phases, e.g., [6], [7].


The changes and the rules of the uterine involution wasstudied in 38 Chinese - Holstein cows using rectal palpation and B- mode ultrasound scanner .The resultsshowedthatthe meantimeforthecompletion ofinvolution of previously gravid ,non - gravid uterine hornand cervix were(37 .4 ±3 .1) , (31 .4 ±4 .9) and(36 .8 ±5 .9)days as monitored byusing rectal palpation ,and (35 .5 ±4 .5) ,(30 .8 ±5 .9)and(37 .5 ±5 .0)days byusing B- mode ultrasound scanner,respectively .The results indicate thatthe ultrasound scanner can not only measure the macroscopical changesof the involuting uterus accurately but also can monitorthehistological changes of uterus.Thereis good correlation between therectalp palpation and ultrasonographic monitoring of the timefor the comletion of uterine involution .


In many cases, the assessment of measures to reduce emissions presupposes the screening of the entire production chain, i.e. the fattening of animals, the upstream piglet and feed production including the provision of fertilizer, water and energy carriers. This paper investigates how energy requirements as well as volatile solids and nitrogen excretions of animals in piglet production (young sows and boars as well as breeding sows and boars) can be described in as much detail as possible. Calculation procedures published in the literature are compared with those used in national emission reporting.
For young sows and boars, the procedures used in German emission reporting can be applied in a modified form, reflecting the animals' gender. The module for breeding sows can be used but has to be applied to each single reproduction cycle. For breeding boars, their productive lifespan is the determining entity. The module described here allows for the variation of input parameters.


This study sought to develop an understanding of the relationships between bird species and forest size in urban areas in Daejeon, Korea. Bird communities were surveyed in winter (November 2012) by line transect methods in 35 urban forests, ranging in size from 2.1 to 1936 ha. Thirty-three bird species were observed across all forests, and 24 species (73%) were residents. As forest size increased, bird species richness and diversity index (H′) increased. Moreover, the presence of yellow-throated bunting Emberiza elegans and jay Garrulus glandarius was significantly correlated with forest size in this study. Remnant forest size is a main determinant of avian species presence and diversity in urban areas. Long-term ecological studies on diet, resource use, and interaction among individuals or species are needed to better understand and conserve the avian communities in these urban areas.


In recent years, many studies have been conducted on SERPINA 14, which is one of the molecules suggested to have a role in the occurrence and continuation of pregnancy. In this study, it was aimed to detect the presence of SERPINA 14 mRNA by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in the endometrium of cows in which embryonic mortality and aborted had occurred. In this way, a novel approach can be developed towards embryonic mortality and abortion cases which lead to significant losses in cattle farming. For this purpose, endometrial biopsy samples were obtained from a total of 30 cows which were embryonic mortality (n=10), aborted (n=10) and normal pregnancy (n=10). The presence of SERPINA 14 mRNA in the samples was determined with RT-PCR. Consequently, SERPINA 14 mRNA was detected in the endometrial biopsy samples of all groups. Therefore, it was concluded that the role of SERPINA 14 in continuation of pregnancy could be related to its amount rather than its presence in cows and thereby the present study should be supported by further studies. Citation: Risvanli A., Yuksel M., Bulut H., Seker I., Kul S., 2015. SERPINA 14 expression from endometrial epithelium i n cows with embryonic mortality and aborted. The Journal o f Veterinary Science. Photon 116, 411-415. All Rights Reserved with Photon. Photon Ignitor: ISJN17846372D732124032015


he moderator and panelists of this roundtable discussion have undertaken a sorely needed dialogue regarding the role of psychoanalytic T thought and practice in American society, and in the world at large, given rapidly shifting geographic boundaries and sustained levels of anxiety and dread in the world community. Can psychoanalysis be brought into the world of politics and still retain its place as a source of discovery and influence in the lives of individual patients who seek our help? What is our understanding, really, of mind, of the human condition in today's troubled world? What role do we play in shaping a different future than seems now almost inevitable? These are among the vast array of questions addressed by this panel. We know, certainly, as discussed by members of the panel, that ordinary citizens sharing the same fears and hopes have begun national and international debates aimed at bridging differences and stemming the growing specter of aggression and war. We have begun the process of recognition and apology (e.g., Dr. Benjamin in Palestine; Dr. Susan Bodnar, 2004, in press, on a Native American Reservation) that we understand are essential to the process of knowing and being known. And, with other like-minded thinkers, some of us have engaged in acts of public protest. When we question whether psychoanalysts should be politically vocal, we rightly bear in mind the possible impact of our choices on our patients and on our profession in the'public eye. The panelists struggle courageously with this issue and present much food for thought. Here are some of my ideas on the matter. To speak, or not to speak openly the language of politics with our patients is a question that, it seems to me, is answerable by our own sense of timing and of place; of mutual influence and of how


The following is an autoethnographic case-story, told through text and comic book art, spotlighting the barriers and facilitators associated with building an IPE/IPP program within a specific institution. Part 1 of this story, shared here, focuses on: a.) providing personal background and cultural context for the emergence of the role of Associate Dean of Interprofessional Education, d.) the steps taken to centralize efforts and, c.) the reasoning behind the primary focus of integrating IPE within the undergraduate (i.e., college) level. This story spotlights various resources that were utilized in this initial process, discusses the achievements and macro-, meso-, and micro-level challenges thus far, and in turn, hopefully serves as a preliminary guide for other IPE innovators and leaders.


Objective To compare the clinical effects of laparoscopic surgery(LS) and open surgery(OS) on colorectal cancer.Methods Randomized controlled trial(RCT) reports on LS and OS for colorectal cancer published from January 1991 to 2010 were retrieved and relevant clinical effect indexes extracted,based on inclusion criteria,to perform Meta-analysis.Results A total of 14 RCT reports(5 478 colorectal cancer patients) were included in this study.The basic features of 2 groups were balanced.Blood loss of LS group was lower by 125 ml than that of OS group(P0.001),operative time longer by 42 min(P0.001),no significant difference was noted in tumor size,detection of lymph nodes,positive rate of longitudinal or circumferential resection margin between 2 groups.Incidence of such complications as postoperative infection and paralytic ileus,perioperative mortality were significantly lower in group LS than in group OS(P0.001),but no difference in other complications.There was not significant difference in 3-year survival,5-year survival,local recurrence or distant metastasis,but incidence of puncture neoplasm seeding higher in LS group than in OS group(P=0.04).Conclusion LS,with fewer operative wounds,can cure colorectal cancer safely and radically,not differing from OS in long-term effect.


In a sloped tower type airborne drying and heating apparatus, a bulge or a neck is provided at at least one location in the inner wall of a sloped pipe for the purpose of reducing in a range of 3 to 50% the cross-section of a flow path in the pipe. Coal charged into the pipe is smoothly conveyed through the sloped pipe without dwelling in the lower portion of the pipe cross-section and thus effectively dried and heated.


The results indicate that at trichinellosis pathomorphological and protective-adaptive changes in organs were mostly apparent in intestine wall where for 38 days one could observe inflammatory processes conjugated with activation of adaptive immunity mechanisms. Spleen reaction was of protective character and facilitated active processes of adaptive immunity. Dystrophic changes in liver were limited and embraced only sites of larvae localization in parenchyma. The decrease in a number of binuclear cells which while proliferation give birth to cells with more ploidy thus increasing tissue genome in organ was indicative of compensato-ry-adaptive character of the liver reaction


A conceptual framework of career development based on professional rank was examined for its usefulness in describing three qualitatively different stages of career development of faculty. Sixty faculty at a large university were interviewed to obtain information about their aspirations, motivation, satisfaction and external expectations. Faculty interviewed generally progressed through a series of stages but the diversity of their professional life style increased with each rank. Implications of using rank to interpret faculty career paths were discussed.


This thesis discusses the rural novels since 90's as the city to be a kind of new spirit in the process of social transformation with the sign of the modernity anxiety based on "seeking for life into city",then analyzes the three faces of the modernity anxiety about it and reveals that the local novel creations since 90's creates and presents many meanings which have never reared.


The electroclinic effect and dielectric response have been investigated in the British Drug House material SCE12 over its entire 15-K smectic-A range. Near the smectic-Asmectic-C*-phase transition both the electroclinic coefficient and dynamic response behave normally, the former diverging and the latter exhibiting a critical slowing down on approaching TA-C* from above. Similar behavior is seen in the dielectric response. Approximately 10 to 12 K above TA-C*, however, it was found that the electroclinic relaxation time levels off and even begins to increase again on approaching the nematicsmectic-A transition from below. The magnitude of the electroclinic coefficient, however, decreases monotonically on approaching the nematicsmectic-A transition. © 1991 The American Physical Society. Appropriate bibliographic citation and notice of the APS copyright must be included- "Li Z., Akins R.B., Dilisi G.A., Rosenblatt C., Petschek R.G., Physical Review A 43:2, 852-857 (1991). Copyright 1991 by the American Physical Society".


This article systematically investigated the dependence of tunnel cross-section areas on vehicle sealing characters. Pressure waves were calculated for Maglev trains with different sealing characters, at different speeds and through tunnels of different lengths. Tunnel cross-section areas were then determined according to the calculated pressure waves and the comfort criteria prescribed by Germany and the European Rail Research Institute.


This paper describes an approach to teaching programming that the writer follows in his sections of the main introductory PL/I programming course at Brooklyn College, in a forthcoming text - An Introduction to PL/I Programming, and in material being prepared for use in the local public schools. The subject is developed by reference to carefully paced examples of programs that use different programming "gambits", in isolation and in combination. The programs all relate to plausible applications. The gambits have been systematized, and an order of presentation established that matches the developing needs of professionals in other disciplines, whose potential use of computers is dominated by information processing rather than numerical computation.


An anterior segment diagnostic imaging platform based on high-speed swept-source OCT is being developed by Heidelberg Engineering. It will provide biometry as well as corneal topography and tomography, while also enabling visualization of the anterior and posterior lens surfaces and assessment of the anterior chamber angle.


Sodium bromide in presence of 1(M) HCl with common household bleach generates bromine in situ and undergoes aromatic electrophilic substitution reaction selectively in good yield in a mild reaction condition. This is a very cost effective, elegant, water based method for activated aromatic bromination reported for the first time.


Ranitidine bismuth citrate (RBC)‐based triple therapies for a period of 7 days have proved to be an effective treatment for Helicobacter pylori.


Real-time e m bedded cornput er systems h aue become essential coatrolling parts of modern industrial produds. Since the seventies, when, the first microprocessor-controlled products were introduced, considerable developments have taken place in the production of softWare for embedded computer systems. Several generations of such systems already exist and need to be maintained and re-en.gineered. The methods and tools used for the production of embedded software should thus be able to capture and utilize simalarities among and differences between the conxepts o f families of embedded systems, rather than be used to describe individual systems only. This paper discusses a real-life case study on the modeling of such system f a m,ilies. 1 Models of system families We discusses the conceptua.1 analysis and modeling of families of real-time, embedded computer systems. In particular, we a,ddress both the reusa.bi1ity and traceability of concepts in different modeling viewpoints, such as static system st,ruct,ures, dyna,mic behaviour, data transformation funct,ions and performance characteristics that have been found useful for describing real-time systems. Most existing real-time system development methods do not fully integrate different modeling viewpoints together, to the degree that all concepts in different viewpoints and levels of detail or abstrxtion would be tra.ceabk to other relevant concepts. This may, in practice, prevent a person interested in some pa.rt,icular aspects of a system from focusing on a consist,ent and complete set of information about t,hose a,spcct,s. End-users and software designers are typical exa.inples of persons interested in quite specific aspects of computer-based systems. The respective aspects, when modeled, should share the same semantics as pa.rts of the same system, although they must usually be presented using at, least partially different


A ring oscillator fabricated in 0.153μm CMOS technology was presented.It utilizedβ-multiplier circuits as reference current bias to achieve lower sensitivity to power supply noise.Also with the capacity array,frequency tuning range was broadened with smaller influence on phase noise.The selection and design of delay stage in ring oscillator was analyzed;and low power low phase noise ring oscillator with linear biased MOS load was designed.Measurement results showed that the ring oscillator achieved a frequency tuning range of 513 MHz~1.8GHz.The phase noise was-84.11dBc/Hz at frequency of 1.57 GHz with 1MHz offset,and the consumption was 3.88 mW.


Recently, Development of Rare Earth Permanent magnet with the high remanence, high coercivity allow the design of brushless motors with very high effIciency over a wIde speed range. Cogging torque is produced In a permanent magnet by magnetic attraction between the rotor mounted permanent magnet and the stator teeth. It is an undesired effect that contributes to the machines output ripple, vibration, and noise. This cogging torque can be reduced by varIation of magnet arc length, airgap length, magnet thickness, shifting the magnetic pole and varying the radIal shoe depth and etc.
In this paper, Some airgap length and magnet arc that reduce cogging torque are found by FEM(Fmite element method). The SPM type of high-capacity BLOC motor is optimized as a sample model.


Many current applications use the certificate-based authentication
features in TLS to allow clients to verify that a connected server
properly represents a desired domain name. Traditionally, this
authentication has been based on PKIX trust hierarchies, rooted in
well-known CAs, but additional information can be provided via the DNS
itself. This document describes a set of use cases in which the DNS
and DNSSEC could be used to make assertions that support the TLS
authentication process.


The Aircraft Restoration Workshop is a part of the Feel and Learn Practical Engineering Projects being conducted at Nippon Institute of Technology.And this workshop was planned and executed in association with the project"Restoration of the Hino-type-Ⅱairplane"which was planned as one of the 100th anniversary projects of school foundation. The restoration of the Hino-typeⅡairplane was a project completed in two years(2006- 2007 fiscal year),and the Aircraft Restoration Workshop was planned and conducted in this period. In this report,the abstract concerning the Restoration of the Hino-typeⅡairplane is described first,and next the outline of the Aircraft Restoration Workshop activities executed in relation to the restoration project,is reported.


Household consumption depends upon the household's economic conditions, including its income, wealth, return to savings, preferences, and the uncertainty that it faces. However, gross debt is not typically regarded as an independent determinant influencing consumption in the traditional models; rather, consumption is presumed to react to changes in net financial assets. Recently, since the eruption of the 2008 financial crisis triggered by increased leverage among U.S. households and the accompanying sharp decline in housing prices, many researchers have started to pay more attention to high levels of debt and to leverage's independent influence on consumption (Dynan, et al., 2012). Theoretically, a debt contract is an inter-temporal financial transaction made based upon the borrower's future income, enabling consumption smoothing in response to changes in household income and leading to efficient resource allocation over time. However, once debt exceeds a certain level it could have the opposite effects on economic fluctuations and growth, due to the limited liability of the borrower. This characteristic often becomes a source of financial crisis and ensuing economic recession, by leading to risk transfers among economic agents and then to asset price bubbles (Allen and Gale, 2000; Cecchetti, et al., 2011).


Th is research analyzes from a general perspective the nature, foundations and eff ects of the diff erent norms that arise from the State controlled agencies, in order to set a general framework to comprehend the way in which they are integrated into our legal system. Th e author sustains that the analysis must focus in the substantial elements of these norms instead of the nomenclature with which they are named. He also states that administrative norms can only be classifi ed in two categories: regulations and written notices, criteria that can also be applied to the faculties of interpretation that the law confers to diff erent State controlled agencies.


The failure of a pipeline used to transport wet CO{sub 2}-containing gas has highlighted the limitations that both intelligent surveys and ultrasonic testing (UT) inspection can have for the detection of internal grooving type corrosion. These limitations are presented, together with the inspection, testing and assessment program that was subsequently introduced to evaluate the condition of other associated production facilities operating under similar conditions. Measures adopted to prevent the reoccurrence of such CO{sub 2} induced corrosion damage are discussed. In addition, the use of a corrosion rate prediction tool enabled the risk ranking of the facilities under threat of CO{sub 2} induced corrosion to be rapidly undertaken and therefore enable an inspection and assessment priority ranking to be made. A comparison is therefore made of the predicted levels of corrosion with those actually observed in practice.


In this article we propose household scenarios in a selection of EU countries until 2031. Since household projections are derived from those of the population we have compared the results achieved applying the recent EUROSTAT projection: EUROPOP2004 (Baseline Scenario) and EUROPOP2008. To these we have applied two hypothesis about the trend of the average household size:the first, the observed decreasing trend, will continue in the future; the second, the average size, has been fixed at the values of the 2001 Census. The results seem to be closer to reality when they are derived from combining the population of the Convergence Scenarios with the hypothesis of decline in household size. Nevertheless, these highlight and exalt some problematic aspects of the evolution of single people in the context of an ageing continent.


Abstract The emergency ward for children in Uganda's main teaching hospital provides care for up to 200 seriously ill children per day. The poverty of funding available to this State Hospital results in a chronic lack of drugs, medical supplies and essential equipment. Child Advocacy International is helping local staff to improve standards with training programmes in neonatal and paediatric life support, pain control and palliative care. It is also piloting the Child Friendly Healthcare Initiative (Paediatrics 2000; 106: 1056–1064). This article describes conditions in the children's unit of Mulago hospital during one 24-h period in 1999.


In this paper we introduce the notion of 2-primal semiring similar to the notion in ring. We also give some characterizations of 2-primal semirings by using prime ideals and insertion of factors property. AMS subject classification: 16Y30, 16Y60.


Social development theory is a kind of ideology that people use concept and logical knowledge to make the society serve human beings,and its connotations include broad sense and narrow sense.Modern and contemporary western and Chinese researches on social development theory experience completely different research methods: the former is from analysis to comprehension,individual to generalization;while the latter is just the opposite.However,both of them also show common connotations: for social development research,we can neither simply seek its abstract nature and construct abstract logic system in the way of ontology,nor just research individual problems and then be lost in positivism,but we need to distinguish different disciplines to research social development of different classes and areas.


Although frameworks now exist for quality provision for under-threes, discourses underpinning policy remain conflicted. The split between care and education is still firmly entrenched in provision and a gap remains between rhetoric and practice. This paper explores how Early Years Professional Status, which requires practitioners to engage meaningfully with babies and toddlers, can support the development of 'thoughtful agents' as shared learning enables new insights and understanding to emerge. In particular it offers a context which transforms practitioners' sense of themselves as professionals and provides opportunities for child-centred practice to exert an upward influence. The theoretical basis for this paper is the concept of learning communities whereby EYPS becomes a cultural 'tool' and the means by which learning is mediated. Conclusions are that experience with infants empowers practitioners to engage in the high-level critical reflection necessary to challenge political prescription and an emphasis on early years as preparation for school.


: One of the most important processes in manufacturing engineering parts is on-line dimensional measurement and quality assurance process. Dimensional measurement techniques using common devices such as various micrometers and mechanical devices are very common in small and medium sized manufacturing companies. These devices are not very accurate especially when are used to carry out high quantity dimensional quality checks on-line, for measuring parts tolerances for example, and by experience, they can produce many errors. The paper looks into the structure of a simple and effective measurement device which implements a design and development method to devise an electronic and software based measurement system with accuracy of one micron. The system uses a single distance measuring laser sensor and a V-based block, for measuring external diameters of shafts which can easily be used on-line. A purpose build software system then receives the raw data from the device and carries out various operator required analysis on the data. Design techniques as well as input and output characteristics of the system are discussed.


Harold Lasswell has long been an advocate of the worldwide survey network as a means by which social scientists can improve the performance of policy makers while developing and practicing their own skills (see especially Lasswell, 1935: 154; 1948: 296; 1963: chs. 3, 4). Likewise, he has written persuasively on the need for "counterpart" institutions in the private or civic sector to conduct continuous appraisals of actions taken in the official or public sector (Lasswell, 1968, 1971: 66). The Snyder-Hermann-Lasswell proposal for a "Global Monitoring System" (GMS) represents something of a synthesis or expansion of these notions in the characteristically comprehensive manner of Lasswell's "policy science" approach.' Leaving aside the difficult methodological issues, I would like to suggest one area in which the general idea of a GMS makes eminently good sense and in which the institutional building-blocks for such a system are already visible-that of "oceans policy." Clearly, a GMS implies some topical division of labor corresponding to the geographical, functional, or value foci of existing institutions, both public and private. A number of factors have contributed to the consolidation of such a focus on policies related to the use and protection of the oceans and coastal areas.


Academic resilience is defined as the capacity to cope with academic problems, such as academic stress, academic failure, and academic boredom. Internet addiction is defined as the compulsive use of the internet that has negative effects that interfere with daily life. The present study aims to explore the relationship between academic resilience and internet addiction of undergraduate students of Purulia district of West Bengal. It is a Descriptive survey type research. Data for the study has been collected randomly from 100 undergraduate students from randomly selected two colleges (J. K. College & Nistarini College) of Purulia district of West Bengal applying Academic Resilience Scale (2016) including 30 items by Cassidy and Internet Addiction Scale (1998) including 20 items by Dr. Kimberly S. Young. The collected data has been analyzed using descriptive statistics like mean, standard deviation, variance, skewness, kurtosis, and inferential statistics like 't' test and Mann Whitney U test. The result revealed that academic resilience and internet addiction have no significant relationship. A significant difference has been observed in internet addiction between boys and girls, but no difference has been observed in academic resilience. Locality has no significant impact in both academic resilience and internet addiction.
KEYWORDS: academic resilience, internet addiction, undergraduate students, academic failure.


Uterine epithelial cells produce cytokines that stimulate leukocytes in response to a microbial insult. The goals of this study were to determine if uterine epithelial cells produce the pro‐inflammatory cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), and to see if toll‐like receptor (TLR) agonists stimulate MIF secretion.


Network intrusion detection system is a retrofit approach for providing a sense of security in existing computers and data networks, while allowing them to operate in their current open mode. The goal of a network intrusion detection system is to identify, preferably in real time, unauthorized use, misuse and abuse of computer systems by insiders as well as from outside perpetrators. At the heart of every network intrusion detection system is packet inspection which employs nothing but string matching. This string matching is the bottleneck of performance for the whole network intrusion detection system. Thus, the need to increase the performance of string matching cannot be more exemplified. Meanwhile, aiming at several key modules of intrusion detection system, a detailed analysis of packet capturing module, protocol dispensation module, feature matching module, log evidence module and Intrusion retort module is also given in this paper.


While all levels of government are spending billions of dollars for health services or medical care, it is somewhat surprising that there are so many experts and so little published material on statistical reporting of program operations. Possibly an exhaustive review of textbooks or curriculums of schools of public health or of journals such as Public Health Reports (now Health Services Reports) or the American Journal of Public Health might reveal significant articles on statistical reporting, but in recent years only two articles have appeared on the reporting of services paid for under Medicare (Title XVIII of the Social Security Act). Perhaps the collection of information and its collation, tabulation, and publication are regarded as such a pedestrian occupation that it is assumed that adequate skill and knowledge are passed from person to person genetically or universally so that further instruction is unnecessary. The literature on management contains easily accessible material on reports and reporting. In general, this material is not in manuals or handbooks on how to do it-in the sense that one can get "how to" information about accounting systems. Literature about management generally is prepared on the assumption that a good manager wants to know where he is, where he hopes to be, how to get from where he is to where he wants to be, and how much progress he is making in doing so. Published material about reports often mainly reemphasizes the point.


By using exponential functions and the theory of ordinary differential equations, the classical theorem about the existence of a Jordan canonical form of a square matrix is proved.


Natural gas consumption as 1st energy in Korea accounted for about 14% in 2009. At present, Korea imports most of natural gas, but the natural gas prices has potential for rising in oil prices and increased demand for natural gas. So, there is a need for the technology development to secure the natural gas supply. One of these technologies is the manufacturing process of synthetic natural gas from coal gasification. In this paper, SNG quality and the emission of carbon dioxide in two different coal-to-SNG processes are discussed by process simulation. One process is the conventional shift and methanation process, and the other is combined shift and methanation process. The conventional process consists of multiple adiabatic fixed-bed reactors and a recycle gas system. The recycle gas is used to limit the temperature rise across a reactor. The feed gas hydrogen content is adjusted slightly above stoichiometric reaction requirement to convert the feed carbon to CH4. The combined process is based on the two reactions, water gas shift and methanation. The combined process has the steam injection to provide additional hydrogen in the CO-rich feed gas and suppress carbon formation in the reactors. Syngas flow rate from coal gasification of 100 Nm3/h was applied to two coal-to-SNG processes, the final SNG production based on the conventional process was 23.90 Nm3/h and that on the combined process was 23.99 Nm3/h. Composition of CH4 in SNG of conventional process was 96.16% and that of combined process was 95.52%. CO in SNG was high in case of Combined process, while H2 in SNG was high in case of Conventional process. Therefore, to meet pipeline quality standards in the future, an additional method to reduce CO in SNG of Combined process or H2 in SNG of Conventional process may be necessary. Total carbon dioxide emission of two processes was same, but CO2 separated in AGR of Conventional process was 21% higher than that of Combined process.


A general treatment has been provided for the evaluation of the diffusion coefficients of complex ions from polarographic data.
As an illustration of the proposed method of treatment, the diffusion coefficients of the complex ions Tl~+, TlAc and TlAc_2~-, have been calculated to be D_(T1)+=1.22×10~(-5) D_(TlAc)=1.21×10~(-5) and D_(TlAc_2~-)=0.46×10~(-5)cm~2/sec. (μ=3, NaClO_4, 25°℃).


This paper extends the known geographic distribution of S. tuberosum siblings recorded in 1962 by R. Landau by analyzing the polytene chromosomes in the larva. Her seven basic IIS arrangements are augmented by the addition of four new types. These were St/A, A/A; CDE-2/CDE, CDE/CDE; Y2/AB, AB/AB; and FGI. These new siblings, like the originals, have fixed differences in chromosome arm IIS. One of these, FGI, distinguished by a high degree of polymorphism, and the presence of fixed differences from the tuberosum standard in arms IS, IL, and IIIL, occurred both in Alaska and Norway. A comparison of the standard tuberosum, the S. venustum, and the FGI sibling chromosome pattern revealed the FGI sibling to be much closer to the venustum standard than any other tuberosum sibling. A second new sibling (Y2/AB) from Norway differed from the standard in the Y chromosome by multiple rearrangements in IIS and two tandem inversions in IIL. The fixed changes on arms other than IIS in the FGI siblings and the Y2/AB sib...


The analysis of spatial structure features in high resolution imagery is one of the most important research fields in remote sensing information processing. In this study, we attempt to quantitativ ...