Cross-border and domestic merger and acquisitions are considered as fastest means of growth and survival too. This study provides evidence on the value creation by applying inorganic growth strategies based on a sample of Indian pharmaceutical companies. Relying on the key financial ratios, their pre-merger and post-merger financial performances were compared to find whether merger has affected their performance. Based on these multiple financial ratios it has been noted that there was no improvement found in the profitability after merger. The main motives of the mergers and acquisitions like cost reduction, risk spreading etc were compared to the financial results which indicates that the overall motives more or less were achieved by the companies keeping internal factors of acquiring companies constant.


In treating divine action in the world, we must distinguish between creation, providence, and miracle. Creation has typically been taken to involve God's originating the world (creatio originans) and His sustaining the world in being (creatio continuans). A careful analysis of these two notions serves to differentiate creation from conservation. Providence is God's control of the world, either through secondary causes (providentia ordinaria) or supernaturally (providentia extraordinaria). A doctrine of divine middle knowledge supplies the key to understanding God's providence over the world mediated through secondary causes. Miracles are extraordinary acts of providence which should not be conceived, properly speaking, as violations of the laws of nature, but as the production of events which are beyond the causal powers of the natural entities existing at the relevant time and place.


In this work we present a method to identify possible members of globular clusters using data from Gaia DR2. The method consists of two stages: the first one based on a clustering algorithm, and the second one based on the analysis of the projected spatial distribution of stars with different proper motions. In order to confirm that the clusters members extracted by the method correspond to actual globular clusters, the spatial distribution, the vector point diagram of the proper motions and the colour-magnitude diagrams are analysed. We apply the developed method to eight clusters: NGC 1261, NGC 3201, NGC 6139, NGC 6205, NGC 6362, NGC 6397, NGC 6712 and Palomar 13; we show the number of members extracted, the mean proper motions derived from them and finally we compare our results with other authors. In order to analyse the efficiency of the extraction method we perform an estimation of the completeness and the degree of contamination of the extracted members.


Finite key analysis of quantum key distribution (QKD) is an important tool for any QKD implementation. While much work has been done on the framework of finite key analysis, the application to individual protocols often relies on the the specific protocol being simple or highly symmetric as well as represented in small finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. In this work, we extend our pre-existing reliable, efficient, tight, and generic numerical method for calculating the asymptotic key rate of device-dependent QKD protocols in finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces to the finite key regime using the security analysis framework of Renner. We explain how this extension preserves the reliability, efficiency, and tightness of the asymptotic method. We then explore examples which illustrate both the generality of our method as well as the importance of parameter estimation and data processing within the framework.


On the basis of the simulation model of the CH-46 helicopter,A hovering control law,which is designed by means of the linear quadratic regulator(LQR) of state feedback,is used to satisfy helicopter hovering performance.The digital simulation is accomplished based on the helicopter flight control system including LQR regulator.The simulation results demonstrate that the hovering control law designed is effective to carry out the hovering function.In addition,the hovering control law can put into practice easily.


By many indicators, Smolensk seems to approximate the ideal of a civic community. It has many clubs and cultural associations. Local companies sponsor numerous public social and cultural activities, such as the Smolensk soccer club and a public medical facility. Moreover, Governor Prokhorov is active in voluntary associations and is very athletic; he even refers to his administration as his "team." Voter turnout meets or exceeds the country's average in elections, sometimes by as much as 15 percent. Do these facts mean that Smolensk is a civic community in Putnam's sense of the word? And, more important, will these attributes facilitate Smolensk's transition to democracy and the free market? Smolensk has other attributes that seem to be at odds with its civic qualities--it is staunchly Communist and plagued by corruption. In the Duma elections of 1993, 1995, and 1999 and the presidential elections of 1996, the Smolensk electorate gave greater support to the Communist Party of the Russian Federation (CPRF) than any other party. Moreover, the regional assembly is controlled by a Communist Party faction, and the region's governors have either been members of the CPRF or carried Zyuganov's personal endorsement (as was the case with Prokhorov). Perhaps more disconcerting, members of the regional procuracy and Ministry of Internal Affairs have been linked to organized crime groups in the oblast. Why is it that the civic engagement we find strongly associated with democracy and effective democratic governance in the West seems to be correlated with support for the Communist Party and with political corruption not only in Smolensk but across Russia?(1) Smolensk: A Thriving Civic Community? Smolensk is an average-sized oblast located in Russia's central region along the border of Belarus, approximately 400 kilometers southwest of Moscow. Situated along the historic route from Western Europe to Moscow, Smolensk has also been cursed with a rich history, as the city has served as the first line of defense against invaders, from the Teutonic Knights to Napoleon and Nazi Germany. The inscription on the fortifying wall that surrounds the capital city's ancient center signifies this aspect of its past: Smolensk--shchit Rossii (Smolensk--the shield of Russia). Smolensk's important historical role was recognized in 1985 when its capital city was honored with the Soviet designation "gorod-geroi" (heroic city). Today, Smolensk's location is more propitious, as it is situated along the main rail and road route between Europe and Moscow, giving it a favorable commercial location. Smolensk has a population of nearly 1.2 million, 94 percent of whom are ethnically Russian, with an additional 4 percent being of Belarusian and Ukrainian ethnicity. The region has a strong industrial base and is relatively urbanized. More than one-quarter of the region's population lives in the capital city of Smolensk, with another 10 percent residing in one of the region's other large cities (Roslavl' and Vyaz'ma). Economically, Smolensk is in a depressed economic state, as are most of the regions of central Russia. It has not, however, suffered any major financial crises, nor has it been the recipient of major amounts of foreign aid. Finally, the population of Smolensk is relatively well educated, and public information is easily accessible (see table 1). Based on several of its attributes, Smolensk can be considered an "average" Russian region, in some ways similar to a "Middletown," USA. TABLE 1. Comparative Socioeconomic Indicators for Smolensk Oblast and the Russian Federation Smolensk Regional Indicator Oblast average Education (residents with some higher education per 1,000) 772 798 Degree of urbanization (percentage) 69 66 Degree of industrialization (percentage) 93 84 Newspapers (number published per 1,000 persons) 22 36 Clubs and cultural associations (total) 757 676 Source: The First Book of Demographics of the Republics of the Former Soviet Union (Shady Side, MD: New World Demographics, 1992), F-3-F-5; Demograficheskii Ezhegodnik Rossiiskoi Federatsii (Moscow: Goskomstat Rossii, 1994), 22; Sravnitel'nye Pokazateli Sotsialnoekonomicheskogo Polozheniya Naseleniya Rossiiskoi Federatsii (Moscow: Goskomstat Rossii, 1995), 29-30, 479-81; and Christopher Marsh, Making Russian Democracy Work: Social Capital, Economic Development, and Democratization in Russia (unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Connecticut, 1998), 152-54. …


The invention discloses an acetylspiramycin slow-release tablet and a preparation method. The acetylspiramycin slow-release tablet comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of acetylspiramycin, 10-20 parts of magnesium alginate, 20-25 parts of ethyl cellulose, 10-20 parts of compressible starch, 15-20 parts of dextrin, 0.5-1 part of polyoxyethylene aliphatic alcohol ether and 0.5-1 part of superfine silica powder. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing the components, granulating, drying, shaping the tablet, and pressing the tablet. By adopting the acetylspiramycin slow-release tablet, acetylspiramycin can be slowly released for a long time in bodies, and the blood concentration is stable and small in fluctuation, so that the administration frequency can be reduced, and the patient compliance can be improved. The medicine effect can be maintained by controlling the concentration of the medicine in blood, the times of medicine release peaks can be reduced, and organs of patients can be also certainly protected. The acetylspiramycin slow-release tablet is simple in process, good in reproducibility, easy in industrial production, low in cost and beneficial for product price reduction.


I was independently told about Averil Earnshaw by three different people in the same six month period. Each of them had heard, or heard of, Averil's presentations on the theme of time-linked intergenerational repetitions, and knew of my own interest in repeating patterns in families. Averil very willingly granted me the interview that follows, and in the course of talking with her, I began to realise that Averil's was yet another story of someone who had formulated an original hypothesis based on repeated clinical observation, and had the courage to present it to gatherings of her peers, only to encounter skepticism, lack of interest, or charges of 'idiosyncrasy'. Despite Averil's best efforts to show that her hypothesis was consistent with the direction of Freud's own thinking, the psychoanalytic movement had greeted it lukewarmly, and it seemed to me that perhaps it might be of more interest to readers of this journal, since the older and more psychoanalytically-influenced generation of family therapists (e.g. Bowen, 1978; Skynner, 1976) recognised the general principle of repeating patterns across generations, although not the very particular temporal law that Averil has suggested. The Earnshaw hypothesis is simply enough stated: the emotional and intellectual crises of adults' lives (including onset of mental and physical illnesses, creative breakthroughs and creative blocks) are time-linked to major events in the lives of their same-sex parents at the same age. Often, though not always, says Averil, one experiences a crisis when one is the same age as one's same-sex parent was at the time of the birth of one's next sibling, or even when one is the same age as one's parent was at one's own birth. Averil's short book Time Will Tell (1995) illustrates this hypothesis with some fifty brief case studies based on biographical data from the lives of famous individuals, as well as with a number of cases from her clinical practice, and examples from her own life. Averil herself recognises that her hypothesis needs to be rigorously tested on a wider sample, but to date, those who have criticised it as 'merely anecdotal' have not been willing to undertake such a study. (author abstract)


We performed hydrogeochemical and geophysical study in the area Playa Las Glorias, Guasave, Mexico. With Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES in modification ERT having high space resolution) we characterized the interface between slightly saline and saline water. Chemical analysis and granulometry supported conclusions about groundwater salinity along ERT profile and with depth.


The rapid increase of the phishing phenomenon states that the Web authentication systems not based on one time password (OTP) are definitively ineffective in providing financial services. Existent Web authentication systems have been developed on the classic username/password mechanism using a single channel, either mobile or Web, generating an expensive or inadequate authentication system. The proposed solution is a combined Web/mobile authentication system. The basic authentication mechanism is integrated with a challenge/response process and an OTP. The challenge is issued from an authentication server and has to authenticate a mobile device, typically a cell phone. This device can communicate with any other involved parts through a fixed terminal, typically a personal computer, via a Bluetooth connection. The mobile device, once accepted, performs the authentication with the web site or application. This final step is accomplished using a temporary one-time password


An analysis is presented of the properties of scintillators and photodetectors. Scintillators used in combination with a photodiode are reviewed. Semiconductor photodetectors applicable in a scintillator-photodiode system are discussed. Influence of photodiode and preamplifier noise, light collection and time characteristics are examined. The author believes that S-PD systems have substantial reserves for the improvement of such cardinal characteristics as sensitivity, speed of response, level of output noise, etc. The use of these reserves will make possible substantial extension of the range of application of combined detectors with semiconductor photodetectors.


Isotretinoin is a uniquely effective oral agent for the treatment of severe cystic acne.1 Typically a patient uses the medicine for 20 weeks, and in most cases enters a prolonged remission. First m...


Recently, multiple three-phase machines are becoming progressively adopted in high power applications. This is due to their high reliability and fault-tolerance capabilities. A substantial amount of research and development is carried out to design and test these machines. One of the necessary tests is the full-load test, where the machine's thermal design is verified. Normally, this test requires another machine, with the same power rating or higher, to be mechanically coupled to the tested machine, while the converters are connected in the back-to-back configuration. This paper introduces a novel technique of implementing the regenerative test for six-phase induction machines with symmetrical or asymmetrical winding configuration. The proposed approach is capable of validating the thermal design of the machine without the need for coupling another machine as a load. The scheme utilises indirect rotor-field oriented control (IRFOC) to achieve the full-load test. The rated active power is flowing in closed loop from one winding set to another. The only power used during the test is to cover the losses in the machine and the converter. The proposed control scheme is novel since it utilises the y-component from the vector space decomposition (VSD) subspace, instead of implementing the multiple vector control (multi-stator, MS) approach for each winding sets. The proposed scheme is validated through the simulation results.


In several countries, the debate about the legalization of active euthanasia and/or assisted suicide has been going on for thirty years. Although universal considerations are brought to bear on the issue (respect for autonomy, right to privacy, and medical integrity), the cultural context influences the way in which the discussion unfolds, both in the medical community and in society at large. Whether or not a ''French exception'' truly exists, the French are fond of invoking it, in education, politics, and culture, to mention just a few. Indeed, the term does provide us with some insight into certain aspects of the euthanasia debate, and more generally the treatment of end-of-life issues, that are specific to the French context. One contingent reason adds some urgency to this analysis: the French debate may well be drawing to a close in the near future. The current president, Franc xois Hollande, has promised to take up the issue and legalize ''medical assistance to end one's life with dignity in cases of incurable diseases causing unbearable and intractable physical and psychological suffering'' (campaign pledge number 21). In order to make a more informed decision, he commissioned Dr. Didier Sicard, the former president of the National Consultative Ethics Committee (CCNE), to draft a report that was delivered to the president on December 18, 2012. In this article I describe the history and the intellectual underpinnings of the French debate. The 2005 Leonetti End-of-Life Act, named for Jean Leonetti, the conservative member of parliament who authored an earlier report on the issue, was a significant turning point in a debate that can now be divided into three main stages. I shall review the period prior to the 2005 End-of-Life Act, the main provisions of the law itself, and its consequences, both in medical practice and in the ethical debate. I draw two broad lessons from this brief history. First, the euthanasia debate in France is founded on principles of solidarity and justice rather than autonomy and individual rights. Second, the paternalistic tradition in medical care does not preclude the possibility of legalizing ''active aid in dying'' in the future, if only as an ethical ''exception,'' most notably in the form of assisted suicide, as recommended in the Sicard report. On the contrary, doctors' responsibility toward their patients as an element of the social contract—what the French call ''living together''—might support the decision to hasten death in certain situations.


We did laser pump–probe far-wing scattering experiments to study the photochemical reactions Li*(2p,3p)+H2→LiH(v″=1,2,J″)+H. We show in this work that the Li(2p)+H2⇒LiH+H reaction takes place when the kinetic energy of the reactants are high enough. We think that the Li(2p)+H2 collisions take place preferentially in bent near-C2v geometry and that the LiH2 2A′ intermediate plays a major role where wide-amplitude internal vibrations eventually result in losing a hydrogen atom from the LiH2 complex. We also have observed the Li(3p)+H2⇒LiH+H reaction. The rotational state distribution of the LiH product for excitation in the red wing is identical to that found in the blue wing region, it does not show any preference to high or low rotational states, and no asymmetry is observed in the reactive to nonreactive branching ratio. We show different possibilities for the reactive and nonreactive collisions and provide a tentative explanation of the reaction mechanism using the highly accurate ab initio potential en...


ABSTRACTPresent-day practice in academic libraries allows much freer interinstitutional borrowing than in the past, and this is sensible in the case of academic staff and postgraduate students. To give such privileges to undergraduates would disadvantage students in the older metropolitan universities, and go against the responsibility of all institutions to provide adequate library resources for their teaching.


Device for mounting a projection screen or display information for a motor vehicle, comprising a support (3) comprising rails (4, 5) along which said screen (2) is movable between a retracted position and an extended position, a pivot lever (8) hingedly connected on one side to said support and secondly to said screen, actuating means (13, 22) for pivoting said lever between two extreme positions corresponding to the position retracted and the extended position of said screen, and holding means (13, 17) of said lever in its extreme positions.


We construct the dyadic Green's functions (DGFs) for a topological insulator (TI) stratified sphere within the framework of axion electrodynamics. For these DGFs, the additional expansion coefficients are included to account for the axion coupling effect. With the application of these DGFs, we derive the formulation of light scattering from a dipole near a TI stratified sphere. In our numerical studies, we give three types of configurations (a metal-coated TI sphere, a metal-TI-metal-coated TI sphere and an alternating metal-TI stratified sphere) to investigate how the topological magneto-electric (TME) response of the TI sphere (shells) influences on the multipolar plasmonic resonance of the metal shells. For these types, the results show that the TME effect causes some modifications of the decay rate spectrum for an emitting dipole near a TI stratified sphere. For the multipolar resonances of the metal shells, it is observed that the TME-induced red-shifts for the bonding and lower order antibonding modes are found but those for the higher order antibonding modes are insignificant. In addition, for a metal-coated TI sphere, we take into account the effects of losses in the TI core of which the dielectric function is chosen to be the form of the bulk or five quintuple layers (5QL) slab and then the some modifications of the TME-induced decay rate spectrum are obviously suppressed. These phenomenological characteristics provide useful guidance to probing the TME effect via molecular fluorescence experiments.


The primary goal in the early management of the severely-injured patient is the provision of sufficient oxygen to the tissues to avoid organ failure and secondary central nervous system damage. The first priority is to establish and maintain a patent airway. With the addition of high-concentration oxygen and the presence of adequate tissue perfusion, this will enable sufficient spontaneous breathing or assisted ventilation to oxygenate the patient. The possibility of an unstable cervical injury exists in patients exposed to significant blunt trauma; during airway interventions, neck movement must be minimized to avoid secondary harm to the spinal cord. Depending on the series, 2–12% of major trauma victims have a cervical spine injury and 7–14% of these are unstable. Approximately 10% of comatose trauma patients have a cervical spine injury. Head injury with impaired consciousness and reduced pharyngeal tone is the commonest trauma-related cause of airway obstruction. The airway may also be soiled with blood or regurgitated matter. Blunt or penetrating injuries that obstruct the airway include maxillary, mandibular and laryngotracheal fractures, and large anterior neck haematomas. Significant partial and incipient airway obstruction are also potential causes of early death. Vigilant reassessment with immediate restoration and protection of airway patency is essential.


AN EXTENDED SPECTRUM RECEIVER SUBSYSTEM FOR USE IN A CDMA CELL PHONE HAVING A SEARCH RECEIVER (44) TO EXPLORE THE TIME DOMAIN TO USE THE PN PROCESSING GAIN AND TIME DISCRIMINATION PROPERTIES FOR EXTENDING TIMING TIME LOCATION IN THE DOMAIN OF TIME AND THE FORCE OF A SIGNAL RECEIVED OF MULTIPLE RECEPTIONS OF A PILOT SIGNAL TRAVELING ONE OR MORE STEPS OF PHYSICAL PROPAGATION FOR RECEPTION. THE SEARCH RECEIVER (44) PROVIDES AN INDICATOR CONTROL SIGNAL OF THE PILOT SIGNS RECEIVED FROM GREATER FORCE AND A CORRESPONDING TIME RELATIONSHIP. A DATA RECEIVER (40, 42) RECEIVES DISPERSE SPECTRUM COMMUNICATION SIGNS ACCOMPANIED EACH PILOT SIGNAL RECEIVED AND RESPONSES TO THE SEARCH CONTROL SIGNAL TO OBTAIN AND DEMODULATE A SPECTRUM COMMUNICATION SIGNAL EXTENDED TO CORRESPONDED THROUGH THE CORRESPONDED DEPARTURE OF CORP. SIGNAL, AND PROVIDING IN THIS WAY A CORRESPONDING CODIFIED DESALID SIGNAL CARRYING INFORMATION.


Objective To study the construction of a new artificial reflex pathway,"abdominal reflex-spinal cord center-bladder" and explore the possibility of controlling urination by regeneration of somatic motor nerve into parasympathetic nerve. Methods 4 male canines were used,with the right side as the experimental side and the left as the control. The intramural microanastomosis of the right T12 ventral root to the right S2 ventral root was done with autogenous nerve grafting,leaving the right T12 dorsal root intact. After axonal regeneration,the new artificial bladder reflex pathway,"abdominal reflex-spinal cord center-bladder",was constructed. In 12 and 18 months after operation,the function of the reflex arc was observed recently and in a long term respectively by bladder's nerve electrophysiological experiments and bladder pressure tests. Results Single stimuli (3.5 mA,0.5 ms) of the right T12 dorsal root resulted in evoked potentials,the bladder pressures and the bladder smooth muscle (3.8 mA,1.0 ms) complex action potential recorded from the right vesicle L5 plexus before and after the spinal cord horizontal injury between L5 and S4 segmental level in all 4 canines. The figure and amplitude of experimental sides were similar to those of the control. Conclusion The somatic motor axons can be regenerated through a segment of autogenous nerve into the parasympathetic ganglion cells of autonomic nerve and the artificial reflex pathway of "abdominal reflex-spinal cord center-bladder" is practical in the canine model and may have a prospect to control urination in clinical application to patients with spinal cord injury.


In this letter, we present a research on the application possibility of the integrated planar spatial (IPS) combiner in terahertz monolithic integrated circuits (TMICs). The IPS combiner has several attractive characters, such as low loss and good port-to-port isolation. Measured insertion loss of the back-to-back four-way IPS combiner prototype is less than 1.65 dB from 220 to 260 GHz. Then, the IPS power combiner is applied to a four-way six-stage common-emitter InP double heterojunction bipolar transistor amplifier based on a 0.5-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> process. With the help of the IPS combiner and the compact circuit design, this letter greatly improves the output power and output power density compared with other TMICs of the same InP HBT technology. The output power density per unit emitter length (output stage) is 0.51 mW/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula> m, which is at the same level of amplifiers based on the 0.25-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> InP HBT technology.


In view of safety problems existed in the process of tower crane operation,an automatic safety monitoring system for tower crane based on ARM was proposed.The main controller of the system is ARM and it realized the functions of status monitoring, data display,data storage and alerting in the operational process of tower crane.Through wireless communication technology,the system completes the information transmission and location positioning among related tower cranes.Meanwhile it prevents crane tower collision between each other by anti-collision algorithms while in the runtime of cross-jobs,control the output of crane electric and ensure security of the system.The system has a low manufacturing cost,a good real-time performance and reliability,wide application value,it meet the development direction of miniaturization and intellectualization of crane intelligent monitoring system.


An electrophoretic process is proposed to deposit electrochemically-preformed Au or Pd NPs, with controlled size, directly on MWCNTs-based chemiresistors to improve the detection of aromatic pollutants, compared to pristine ones. The sensing properties of pristine and functionalized MWCNTs were evaluated at an operating temperature of 40°C towards various concentrations of one aromatic pollutant, belonging to the dangerous BTEX class of compounds, m-Xylene . The sensing performance was related to the metal used in the functionalization process. Metal-doped MWCNTs sensors exhibited a very high gas sensitivity to m-Xylene even at low (80 ppb) concentration at low operating temperature (40°C), good reversibility and repeatability, with the sensing properties controlled by the type of deposited metal catalyst. The results indicate that Metal-modified MWCNT-based chemiresistive gas sensors has good potential in practical applications, due to its remarkable performance, low power consumption, and facile synthesized methods.


INTRODUCTION
Several studies suggested a role of 'oxidative stress' (increased production of prooxidants, antioxidants deficiencies or both) in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. In this study we have measured the serum levels of a number of prooxidant and antioxidant substances to evaluate their possible relation with the risk for Parkinson's disease.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
We assessed the serum levels of iron, ferritin, ansferrin, ceruloplasmine, vitamin A, alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, and alpha-tocopherol, in 28 patients with Parkinson's disease and 85 matched controls. All of them were recruited from a population study.

RESULTS
None of the values studied differed significantly between the two study groups, and none of them were correlated with age at onset, duration of the disease, scores of the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale or the Hoehn and Yahr staging in the Parkinson's disease group.

CONCLUSIONS
These results confirm the previous findings of classic case-control studies, suggesting the absence of relationship of the studied values with the risk for Parkinson's disease.


Aim: To compare the efficiency of TESE and TESA as a technique of sperm retrieval in men seeking treatment of infertility by assisted reproductive methods & to identify relevant predictive parameters. Methods:All men coming to Infertility clinic having azoospermia whether obstructive or non obstructive underwent genital examination fosr testicular size, FSH level and underwent TESA under local anesthesia followed by TESE in all patients under sedation and local anesthesia. Results: Total Eighty nine (n-89) patients who presented to our infertility clinic having azoospermia underwent the procedure of TESA followed by TESE. Mean age 30.83 years, mean size of testes 09.27 cm 3 and mean FSH level was 20.38 IU. The sperm were retrieved in thirty three (n-33) patients having 37.07 % success rate with TESA. The Sperm retrieval was positive in Forty two (n-42) 47.19% patient with Testicular sperm extraction (TESE). So 10.1% of patients could not be proceeded for ICSI if we just rely on TESA .Similarly 37.07 % patients who are TESA positive have undergone TESE unnecessarily. Conclusion: It is concluded from the study that TESE is better sperm retrieval technique than TESA.


Due to its high power density, high torque density and other characteristics, high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor is used widely. However, there are a variety of losses existing in motor when it runs at high speed. Meantime, the motor has many complex changes in temperature field. All of these will damage the stability of motor. So, it's of importance to research about its the internal loss and temperature field. This paper takes the 10Kw high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor developed and designed in the project as an example. Analyzing and calculating the thermal characteristics. Focusing on the loss and temperature field of the motor. The finite element software is used to analyze the steady state and transient state of the motor model, and relatively intuitive calculation values are obtained. Combined with the actual operating conditions of the actual safe and efficient operation of the motor to provide a practical theoretical basis


The article considers the language of John Milton's Paradise Lost and proposes a concept of the poem's language having two dimensions: before and after the Fall. The concept stems from Christopher Ricks's monograph Milton's Grand Style. The two-dimensionality of the poem's language is illustrated by an analysis of the words 'error,' 'grateful,' 'wanton,' 'bold,' and 'wander' and of the variations found in Russian translations of the epic. For example, the verb 'to error' is used both to mean the action as in 'to wander' or 'to meander' and, more conventionally, 'to err,' where the second meaning is connected to the Fall while the first refers to the language of the Garden of Eden period. Further analysis reveals how the Fall infects words by distorting their original meaning. A dispute around the poem's stylistic achievements and failures has led researchers to discover a highly fascinating topic, which ties the poem's language to its message: according to Milton, the fall from grace not only corrupts man's thoughts and actions but also his language. In the conclusion of the article, the author argues the significance of the linguistic two-dimensionality for the poem's interpretation as well as for subsequent attempts at its translation into Russian.


Abstract Status of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) colonization in seven tree species (Albizia saman, Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth., Albizia lebbeck, Chickrassia tabularis A. Juss., Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnn., Gmelina arborea (Roxb) DC, Swietenia macrophylla King.) collected from the hilly areas of Chittagong University (CU) was investigated. Roots and rhizosphere soil samples were collected in different seasons (pre-monsoon, monsoon and post monsoon). Percentage of AM colonization in root and number of spores/100 gm dry soil were assessed. The result of the investigation reveals that the intensity and percentage of AM colonization varied in different forest tree species in different seasons. In this study, maximum AM colonization and spore population were found in pre-monsoon and minimum were in monsoon season. The intensity of colonization was maximum in C. tabularis (74.43%) in pre-monsoon, A. lebbeck (69.45%) in monsoon and S. macrophylla (67.8%) in post monsoon seasons and minimum in A. auriculiformis (53.75%) during pre-monsoon, A. saman (24.4%) in monsoon and A. saman (19.36%) in post monsoon. The number of spores found per 100 g dry soil ranged between 164-376 during pre-monsoon, 27-310 during monsoon and 194-299 in post monsoon season. Out of six recognized genera of AM fungi, Glomus, Sclerocystis, Entrophospora, Scutellospora, Acaulospora and other unidentified spores were observed. Key Words: Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi, colonization, rhizosphere, spore population, tree species


Worshiping nature,Zhuangzi(about 369BC-295BC),a famous philosopher and scholar of Taoism in ancient China,thought that human is not beyond nature but in the combination with nature.He proposed a coexistence concept of heaven-earth-human on the basis of "non-anthropocentric",advocating respect for nature.With natural ecological standards,Zhuangzi expressed his ideal of harmony with nature.


For many centuries rural Amazon populations have used forest resources, but only on a relatively small scale. It was only in 1998 that community forest management was regulated in Brazil, enabling these rural and small-scale producers to manage their resources legally through a formal category of "simplified management plans" (Annex 1). Amaral and Amaral Neto (2000) have estimated that in the year 2000 about 1,530,000 hectares of forest was managed through these "simplified management plans" in the Brazilian Amazon, which represented less than 1% of the region's total area. Most of these initiatives were made viable starting in the 1990's with support from the government and civil society organizations; the Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve (MSDR) was among them.


Furthermore, although the book is entitled Wills: A Practical Guide, Appendix 2 outlines the rules of intestacy and again contains useful examples to demonstrate those rules. To conclude, while there is the current dearth of books on the law of succession, a law undergraduate would undoubtedly find this compact, pleasant to handle, readable and lively guide a useful companion to his recommended textbook.


This article describes how learning to be, with a specific focus on social-emotional competencies, has become part of the educational mindset — and educational policy — in British Columbia, Canada. The development of a set of learning progressions for social responsibility, an emphasis on social emotional learning in the new curriculum framework, the recognition of the importance of the First Peoples Principles of Learning and a disciplined approach to inquiry through school-to-school networks are strengthening the focus on learning to be across schools and communities.


The Basel Pharmacoepidemiology Unit (BPU) is a research unit affiliated with the Institute of Clinical Pharmacy at the University of Basel, the Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology at the Basel University Hospital, and the Boston University School of Medicine. The main research activities of the BPU are drug safety studies in the post-marketing phase, but drug utilisation studies as well as clinical epidemiology projects are also part of the research activities of the BPU. Many of the research projects of the BPU are done upon request by and in close collaboration with the pharmaceutical industry. The main research tool the BPU currently uses is the UK-based 'General Practice Research Database' (GPRD), a unique and ongoing data collection of some 5 million outpatient records including demographics, diagnoses and drug prescriptions. The BPU uses various study designs (e.g. follow-up, case-control studies) to address the study questions of interest. The BPU conducts epidemiological research projects covering a wide spectrum of exposures and outcomes.


The purpose of this article is to investigate the power and its developmental process of the tribuni plebis and the concilum plebis in the early Roman Republic. It is generally believed that 1) the tribuni plebis were elected in the concilium plebis 2) the plebeian assembly was organized on tribal formation 3) the plebeian tribunes introduced their bills only in their assembly, since the first secessio in 494 BCE. But there is no secure evidence to support these presumptions. The two laws, the lex Publilia and the lex Valeria Horatia would not only present a doubt about three unconvinced assumptions but also give a hint to the solution of such a problem. Through investigating into these two laws, four hypotheses could be formulated. 1) The tribuni plebis were elected in the comitia curiata and not in the plebeian assembly from the beginning. It is also not that they proposed their legislation only before their own assembly called the concilium plebis. 2) The concilum plebis was based on a curiate organization rather than on a tribal organization or was no more than open meetings not being divided into groups. 3) It is not until the Publilian Law of 471 BC that the plebeian institutions became officially recognized. In other worlds, the plebeian tribunes were elected in their own assembly and their number was increased to five. The plebeian assembly was based on a tribal organization. 4) As well as may have given a legal recognition to the plebeian institutions by securing the tribune's sacrosanctity, the lex Valeria Horatia of 449 BCE may have induced the tribuni plebis to legislate in their own assembly by regulating that what the tribally assembled plebeians might order should be binding on the people. It is difficult to deny that my reconstruction about the power and function of the plebeian tribunes and assembly in the Early Republic may contain fictitious elements. But this trial worth while being made in that it reexamined the historical developmental process of the plebeian institutions.


Objective To investigate in vitro the effect of human leptin on the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) in vascular endothelial cells (VEC). Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were isolated and subcultured by enzymatic disaggregation in the presence of human recombinant leptin at different times. Real-time PCR, Northern blot and Western blot were used to detect mRNA and protein expression of PAI-1. Results Under the condition of 100 ng/ml leptin, the expression levels of PAI-1 mRNA increased as the time increased in general, and reach the peak at 8 h point. The levels of tPA showed no significant changes as the time increased. The levels of PAI-1 mRNA increased as the concentration of leptin increased, while those of tPA mRNA showed no significant difference. Human leptin induced the expression of PAI-1 mRNA and protein in HUVECs in time-and dose-dependent manner. Conclusion Human leptin upregulated PAI-1 expression. Thus, chronic oxidative stress in endothelial cells under hyperleptinemia may activate artherothrombosis processes and contribute to the development of vascular pathology.


A Bayesian analysis of the possible behaviors of the dense matter equation of state informed by recent LIGO-Virgo as well as NICER measurements reveals that all the present observations are compatible with a fully nucleonic hypothesis for the composition of dense matter, even in the core of the most massive pulsar PSR J0740+6620. Under the hypothesis of a nucleonic composition, we extract the most general behavior of the energy per particle of symmetric matter and density dependence of the symmetry energy, compatible with the astrophysical observations as well as our present knowledge of low-energy nuclear physics from effective field theory predictions and experimental nuclear mass data. These results can be used as a null hypothesis to be confronted with future constraints on dense matter to search for possible exotic degrees of freedom.


This paper examines different sources of dust generation and quantifies dust emission rates from different point, area and line sources considering background dust concentration at one of the Opencast Coal Project (OCP) of Western Coalfields Limited. Air quality modeling using Fugitive Dust Model (FDM) reveals that dust generated due to mining activities does not contribute to ambient air quality significantly in surrounding areas beyond 500 m in normal meteorological conditions. Predicted values of total suspended particulate matter (TSPM) using FDM are 68-92% of observed values. A management strategy is formulated for effective control of air pollution at source and other mitigative measures including green belt design have also been recommended.


Correspondence *Janet E. Kübler, Biology Department, California State University at Northridge, Northridge, CA. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract Seaweed aquaculture in California, the United States, is at an early stage of development. The coastal climate and growing season contrast with the cold-temperate, where most seaweed cultivation in the US occurs. Climate change is warming coastal waters on average and increasing the frequency of marine heatwaves (MHWs). In California, those changes cooccur with predicted seasonal changes in upwelling. Warm, low nutrient events cause diebacks of wild Macrocystis pyrifera, and other wild-harvested species. Aquaculture can replace wild-harvested seaweeds and expand supplies of California-grown seaweeds, if cultivation is developed with climate-change resilience. We consider wild-harvested species for traits expected to increase climate resilient productivity. Golden kombu, Laminaria farlowii, was selected for test cultivation. Early life stages were successfully grown. Sporophyte growth rates were higher in summer than winter, confirming Golden kombu as a summer crop in California. Based on projections of change in upwelling intensity and season in California, we suggest a physiological screening approach for resilience to conditions expected in different regions of coastal California by mid-to-late 21st century.


Skew matching in high speed interfaces is achieved through the use of serpentine structures both in the board and in the package substrate. The basic assumption is that length matching through the use of the serpentine structures will enable delay skew matching. In this paper, we have studied serpentine structures in strip-lines to check the validity of this assumption. Some of the critical parameters considered while designing the serpentine structure includes the serpentine line length, line width, spacing, number of bends, types of bends. Asymmetric feed lines and split bends are also studied. This paper provides an analysis of the insertion loss, return loss, coupling and time delay of strip-line structures using 3D FEM tool and circuit solvers, the time delay calculation has been investigated. The results indicate that signal delay in a serpentine trace is a function of serpentine line length, line width, spacing between serpentine segments, number of bends and the angle of the bends.


This paper analyzes the factors affecting the fixed pricing of real-time data products mainly through customer perceived value and data score, using data visualization tools and regression assumptions. The article uses the complex network analysis software GEPHI to quantitatively analyze and draw the visual spectrum of the relationship between the price of realtime data products and the factors influencing the possibility, and conduct general regression analysis on this basis. Through a dual argument, we get the fixed price of real-time data products key influencing factors in order to provide constructive solutions for the pricing of data products.


Di-n-butyl maleat was synthesized by using aluminophosphate solid acid containing heteroatoms as catalyst. The effects of the reaction time,the molar ratio of n-butanol to maleic anhydride,the amount of the agent taring off the water and the amount of catalyst were investgated.At the same time,the reusing property of catalyst was studied.According to the physical properties analysis of the esterfication products ,it can be seen that the real values were consistent with the literature values.


Half‐Heusler compounds with 18 valence electron count show a large thermoelectric power factor. However, the thermal conductivity is high, so if the thermal conductivity can be reduced, the thermoelectric figure of merit zT can be enhanced. The key point to reduce the thermal conductivity is effective phonon scattering. Nanostructuring is a well‐known method of introducing phonon scattering centers by creating high‐density grain boundaries in nanoscale. Herein, NbFeSb, which is one of the best p‐type half‐Heusler compounds in thermoelectrics, is focused on. Nanostructured bulk Nb0.9Ti0.1FeSb is synthesized by melt spinning followed by spark plasma sintering. The cooling speed during melt spinning is changed to obtain nanostructures with different sizes. This study reveals that the zT at high temperatures is enhanced by nanostructuring. The nanostructured Nb0.9Ti0.1FeSb shows an ≈20% higher zT value at 1073 K than the non‐nanostructured one, mainly due to the effective reduction of the thermal conductivity.


This paper intends to report abortion in gilts and its probable cause in an experimental infection with T. brucei. Twelve domestic crossbred female piglets aged eight weeks and two boars aged eight months were purchased from piggeries in Samaru Zaria, Nigeria and housed in clean fly proof pens. When the piglets attained puberty, they were divided into two groups, six experimental and six uninfected control. During their third estrus period, all the gilts were bred randomly by the two boars whose fertility had been previously determined. When the gilts were between 35 and 39 days pregnant, the ones in the experimental group were inoculated each with two milliliters of the infected blood containing 1.8×10 6 parasites via the anterior vena cava. The gilts in the control group were not inoculated. All the inoculated pigs developed clinical trypanosomosis characterized by fever, pale mucous membranes, anorexia, dullness, reduction in feed intake, reduced weight gain, weight loss, emaciation, short and moist cough, moist rales, mucopurulent ocular discharges, hyperemia of the skin, lethargy, un-coordinated movements, posterior paresis, recumbency and death of two infected gilts. The gilts in the control group carried their pregnancies to term and farrowed normally but those in the experimental group had their pregnancies terminated between 40 and 58 days post breeding. The probable cause of loss of pregnancy of these gilts was pyrexia.


Exodus 21:22-25, a part of the "Covenant Code," contains a passage on two fighting men and a woman, who gives birth prematurely. Whereas the Hebrew text seems to speak about the death of the woman, the Septuagint pays attention to the child, introducing the distinction between a formed and unformed foetus. Jewish and Christian writers offer a rich tradition of interpretations, which is presented in this chapter. The reasons for the numerous variants are inherent in the Hebrew text, which includes several problems. The Septuagint, hardly occasionally and unintentionally, resolves the problems. The investigation of the interpretations has shown again the strong dependence of the Christian writers on the Jewish tradition. Philo's influence on the Church Fathers, of course, is well known, and also his allegorical interpretation is adopted and developed in the Church. Keywords:Christian; Exodus 21:22-25; Hebrew text; Jewish tradition; Philo; Septuagint


The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) combined with palliative thoracoscopic pleurodesis (TP) for malignant pleural effusion and/or pleural disseminated non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), diagnosed by thoracoscopy.


The article introduces the letters of V. Ya. Bryusov and E. V. Anichkov of 1906-1913. Plans to publish the collected works by A. S. Pushkin, a project initiated by the Deyatel Russian Book Association, stand out amid the various projects that the correspondents discuss.


A Q-band class-B power amplifier implemented in a 0.13 µm SiGe BiCMOS process is presented. At 45 GHz, the PA achieves a 17.5 dBm saturated output power, a 16.6 dB peak power gain, and a 26% peak power-added efficiency (PAE) with a 2.5V supply. A 2-stage, single-ended, inductor matched topology is used. To support envelope modulation transceiver topologies, the output common-emitter stage is optimized for high efficiency under varying supply voltage and maintains a peak PAE of greater than 21% throughout the supply voltage range of 1.3V to 2.5V. The PA occupies a total die area of 0.2 mm2.


The coordinated hybrid agent (CHA) framework for the control of multi-agent systems (MASs) has been used to model both the homogeneous and the heterogeneous multi-agent systems. In this framework, the control of the MASs is regarded as a decentralized control and coordination of agents. The CHA framework is able to implement coordination tasks for multi-agent systems. In this study, the stability of MASs modelled by the CHA framework is studied. Because each CHA can be regarded as a discrete event system (DES), we define the stability of CHA systems in the sense of Lyapunov as a logical DES. The necessary and sufficient conditions for CHA systems are presented


ZnO nanorods have been grown on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates by a hydrothermal method. Hybrid photosensing devices have been fabricated with S and N co-doped graphene quantum dot (SN-GQD) sensitized ZnO nanorods and a conducting polymer poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT). The photoresponse behaviors have been investigated for hybrid devices with and without GQD attachment. SN-GQD sensitized nanorod based device demonstrated superior photoresponse and higher incident photon to electron conversion efficiency (IPCE) than pristine ZnO nanorods.


The paper analyses second order statistics of macro selection combining (SC) diversity system for radio-frequency (RF) vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications over interference limited fading channels. In particular, the macro diversity (mac-div) reception is proposed in order to diminish the impact of the composite fading(multipath and shadowing). Novel, second order statistical infinite series expressions with fast convergence,such as level crossing rate, lcrand average duration of fades, afdareobtained, analyzed and graphically presented for different RFV2I sets of parameters.


Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer, accounting for 14 percent of all cancers among women in India, according to National Health Portal. Various machine learning including deep learning methods find extensive applications in the field of medicine i.e. Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) and one of its major examples is detection of cancerous cells. While many such systems explore the idea of classifying the region of abnormality as benign or malign, traditional treatment recommendation solely depends on the knowledge of the physician examining. This paper explores regression using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) to pin-point the probable abnormal region in mammograms and calculate several morphological, texture and histogram features associated with it. These features are then leveraged to recommend the next probable treatments. The recommendation is based on the extracted features and therefore constitutes a Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) problem. To implement this type of decision making rightfully, the paper makes use of the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) where the identified features are used as criteria and experts' opinion are used as alternatives to obtain ranked recommendations. The methodology proposed in the paper is capable of recommending the correct treatment with an accuracy of 81.5%. The proposed methodology would make treatment recommendation reachable even at the most remote places where advanced facilities including consultation with specialists are not easily available.


While diabetes is associated with increased risk of perioperative stroke among subjects who undergo carotid endarterectomy (1–3), women and minorities have been generally underrepresented in such trials (4). The North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET) was a randomized study of 2,885 eligible patients with carotid stenosis <70% who received either medical ( n = 1,449) or surgical therapy ( n = 1,436 patients) (3). The median study age was 66 years, and 93% of study subjects were white. Approximately 30% of NASCET subjects were female, and ∼22% had a history of diabetes, which was almost always type 2 diabetes (3). The …


This note essentially constitutes a re-presentation of L'altro Agostino. Ermeneutica e retorica della grazia dalla crisi alla metamorfosi del De doctrina christiana (Brescia: Morcelliana, 2001) by Gaetano Lettieri. Reprinted in 2002, and long at the centre of the scholarly debate, L'altro Agostino has been a seminal and influential book. Over the past twenty years, however, Lettieri has had the opportunity to further develop his perspective, deepening some earlier insights. This brief discussion is then intended as a new critical evaluation of L'altro Agostino in light of the speculative progress of its author.


The experiment of firing a cannon ball vertically upward to see whether it would fall back into the mouth of the cannon was carried out in 1634 by Mersenne and Petit. A vignette from Varignon's Nouvelles conjectures sur la pesanteur, which portrays this experiment, is here reproduced.


Background: Many previous studies reported high burnout rates among medical professionals in different fields, from students and nurses to surgeons, specialists and consultants. The current study was performed to compare the prevalence of burnout in family medicine and internal medicine residents and to reveal the risk predictors of high burnout. Methodology: It is a cross sectional, analytical study. 130 family and internal medicine residents were given Maslach Burnout Inventory to assess the mean score and prevalence of three domains of burnout i.e. emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal achievement. Chi Square and t-test were used to analyze the prevalence and mean scores respectively. Results: Mean scores of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal achievement were 16.55 and 17.15, 15.42 and 9.15, 24.83 and 29.80 respectively. Depersonalization and personal achievement scores were high among family residents. 75% of family medicine participants and only 20% of internal medicine participants had a high level of depersonalization burnout (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal achievement burnout were found at an alarmingly high rate among family medicine and internal medicine residents. Mean scores and prevalence of depersonalization and personal achievement burnout were significantly higher among family medicine residents than internal medicine residents.


Adolescence is chaotic for all individuals, but LGBTQ adolescents with intellectual and/or physical disabilities struggle with what it means to be furthest from the majority. These teens experience varying exclusions and harassments from peers, educators, and family members. Contemporary young adult literature can assist these adolescents through novels positively reflecting themselves and their situations and issues. Such literature also affords greater majority awareness, understanding, and acceptance of these minority individuals within schools and society.


The powerhouse of Laxiwa hydropower station is a lager cavern,where the in-situ stress is 10 to 30 MPa,belonging to high in-situ stress region.Faults f10,f12 and f24 are located in the region A of cavern upstream sidewall.By the analysis of lower hemisphere joint plane projection,it is known that faults f10,f12 and f24 can form key block with volume 2 103 m 3 .During the course of the cavern excavation,because of action of stress release and adjustment,in period of acceleration deformation,the maximum rate of block deformation reaches 1.22 mm/d,therefore,the stability degree of block is significant to define bolt parameters of region A. Multi-parameter analyses of block unstable mode and stability are conducted by block theory.It is determined that block deformation belongs to the unloading one induced by excavation,but not sliding displacement.Based on block deformation monitoring and stability analysis,only structural reinforcement without special functional reinforcement is carried out,which reduces supporting engineering quantity and improves the construction speed. The results show that,under high in-situ stress,the block large underground cavern is stable,if the block deformation has no influence on the safety of other structures,the unloading deformation is allowable for block without special reinforcement measures.


Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) are widely used in a range of High Performance Computing fields because of high parallelism. As the technology scaling down, GPUs are more susceptible to soft errors which dramatically impact the applications output qualities. Silent Data Corruption (SDC) is one of the most concerned reliability issues, which require efficient protection mechanisms to eliminate it. Software-directed instruction replication has been a flexible technique to solve SDCs. However, this method requires a trade-off between reliability and overhead. To this end, it is imperative to explore the SDC criticality of the instructions. In this paper, we carry out fine-grained analysis on instruction error behavior of 11 benchmarks, while previous work focused on the error resilience of the entire application. Combining the error resilience of instructions with the dynamic data flow of applications, we find potential protection opportunities for the instructions.


James Maybee, now working for Highland Council's Criminal Justice Services in Dingwall, Ross, draws on recent research to highlight the shortfall in skills and knowledge in delivering effective probation supervision, and argues for systematic training and development to boost practitioners' confidence, authority and morale.


This article demonstrates the ways in which youth of color played an active role in debates that erupted on Twitter following the tragic deaths of Michael Brown and Eric Garner in 2014. These debates on social media represent a larger struggle over discourse on race and racism across the nation. Drawing from critical theory and race theory, and engaging in the relatively new practice of using Twitter as a source of data for sociological analysis, this article examines Twitter as an emerging public sphere and studies the hashtags "#AllLivesMatter" and "#BlackLivesMatter" as contested signs that represent dominant ideologies. This article consists of a qualitative textual analysis of a selection of Twitter posts from December 3 to 7, 2014, following the nonindictments of officers in the murders of Michael Brown and Eric Garner. The debates on Twitter reveal various strategies that youth of color employed to shape the national discourse about race in the wake of these high-profile tragedies.


objective to observe the clinic effect of phacoemulsificatio in cases of hard nuclear cataract. Methods A retrospect to be given to the 215eyes of this operation. Results The eyesight after the operation was improved distinctly.The eyesight of 199eyes were 0.3 or above 0.3.That made up 92.56%. The eyesight above 0.05 made up 100%. Conclusion phacoemulsificatio by fast-manual-chop technique has many advantage,such as the short time of operation,more better visual acuity comeback, a little of complications.


The classical Stefan problem for freezing (or melting) a sphere is usually treated by assuming that the sphere is initially at the fusion temperature, so that heat flows in one phase only. Even in this idealized case there is no (known) exact solution, and the only way to obtain meaningful results is through numerical or approximate means. In this study, the full two-phase problem is considered, and in particular, attention is given to the large Stefan number limit. By applying the method of matched asymptotic expansions, the temperature in both the phases is shown to depend algebraically on the inverse Stefan number on the first time scale, but at later times the two phases essentially decouple, with the inner core contributing only exponentially small terms to the location of the solid–melt interface. This analysis is complemented by applying a small-time perturbation scheme and by presenting numerical results calculated using an enthalpy method. The limits of zero Stefan number and slow diffusion in the inner core are also noted.


A description will be presented of a large aperture, high precision, simultaneous atmos-pheric propagation and radiant signature field measurement system. Novel features of the system include: simultaneous multispectral measurement of path radiance and transmission through the same air column, absolute laser calibrated transmissometery, visible and 8-12 μm imagery with 8-bit dynamic range digital recording, 2-12 pm Fourier Transform Spectroscopy with 0.03 cm-1 resolution, and digital data acquisition with real time data reduction through the use of on-line minicomputers. The flexible modular approach of the system will be shown as will its ability to address many atmospheric propagation and/or radiant emission problems in an unified manner, thereby permitting separation of combined physical processes in many cases. Preliminary data acquired by the system will be presented from: SMOKE IV (November 1981, Huntsville, Alabama) showing refractive effects of thermal plumes on laser beam propagation, and SNOW lA (January 1982, Burlington, Vermont) showing relative transmission of three broad spectral bands through falling and blowing snow utilizing a stable secondary standard IR source.


This work presents a priori and a posteriori error analyses of a new multiscale hybrid-mixed method (MHM) for an elliptic model. Specially designed to incorporate multiple scales into the construction of basis functions, this finite element method relaxes the continuity of the primal variable through the action of Lagrange multipliers, while assuring the strong continuity of the normal component of the flux (dual variable). As a result, the dual variable, which stems from a simple postprocessing of the primal variable, preserves local conservation. We prove existence and uniqueness of a solution for the MHM method as well as optimal convergence estimates of any order in the natural norms. Also, we propose a face-residual a posteriori error estimator, and prove that it controls the error of both variables in the natural norms. Several numerical tests assess the theoretical results.


Semiconductor nanostructures in biological applications are discussed. Results are presented on the use of colloidal semiconductor quantum dots both as biological tags and as structures that interact with and influence biomolecules. Results are presented on the use of semiconducting carbon nanotubes in biological applications.


The inventory and variability of oceanic dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) is driven by the interplay of physical, chemical, and biological processes. Quantifying the spatiotemporal variability of these drivers is crucial for a mechanistic understanding of the ocean carbon sink and its future trajectory. Here, we use the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean‐Darwin ocean biogeochemistry state estimate to generate a global‐ocean, data‐constrained DIC budget and investigate how spatial and seasonal‐to‐interannual variability in three‐dimensional circulation, air‐sea CO2 flux, and biological processes have modulated the ocean sink for 1995–2018. Our results demonstrate substantial compensation between budget terms, resulting in distinct upper‐ocean carbon regimes. For example, boundary current regions have strong contributions from vertical diffusion while equatorial regions exhibit compensation between upwelling and biological processes. When integrated across the full ocean depth, the 24‐year DIC mass increase of 64 Pg C (2.7 Pg C year−1) primarily tracks the anthropogenic CO2 growth rate, with biological processes providing a small contribution of 2% (1.4 Pg C). In the upper 100 m, which stores roughly 13% (8.1 Pg C) of the global increase, we find that circulation provides the largest DIC gain (6.3 Pg C year−1) and biological processes are the largest loss (8.6 Pg C year−1). Interannual variability is dominated by vertical advection in equatorial regions, with the 1997–1998 El Niño‐Southern Oscillation causing the largest year‐to‐year change in upper‐ocean DIC (2.1 Pg C). Our results provide a novel, data‐constrained framework for an improved mechanistic understanding of natural and anthropogenic perturbations to the ocean sink.


The present invention relates to a process for preparing a pigment composition, which is an organic pigment and an inorganic filler mixture is air jet milling step. The method of the present invention is environmentally friendly method of the obtained plastic pigment when added to the aqueous or solvent based coatings and inks having excellent dispersibility and wettability characteristics.


Background: Patients with synchronous metastastic breast cancer and intact primary tumor traditionally undergo systemic treatment. Surgical intervention at the primary site is typically reserved for palliation and often replaceable by radiation. Nevertheless, local surgery in metastatic breast cancer has become an issue of great controversy since retrospective studies published during the recent years suggested a slight benefit from an operative procedure. We evaluated the effect of surgery on long-term survival and progression-free survival in synchronous stage IV breast cancer. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of all breast cancer patients treated at our institution between 1986 and 2007. Information recorded for each patient included age, tumor characteristics, metastasis characteristics, therapy, progression-free survival, and overall survival. Survival data were compared between surgical and nonsurgical patients. Results: 61 patients with synchronous metastastic breast cancer and intact primary tumor were analyzed. 26 patients (43%) received no primary site surgery and 35 (57%) patients had surgery. Overall survival and progression-free survival determined via the Kaplan-Meier method showed no significant difference between the surgery and the non-surgery group. Conclusion: In patients with metastatic breast cancer, the operation of the primary tumor did not influence overall survival or progression-free survival.


Recently, various Deepfake detection methods have been proposed, and most of them are based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). (ese detection methods suffer from overfitting on the source dataset and do not perform well on cross-domain datasets which have different distributions from the source dataset. To address these limitations, a new method named FeatureTransfer is proposed in this paper, which is a two-stage Deepfake detection method combining with transfer learning. Firstly, (e CNN model pretrained on a third-party large-scale Deepfake dataset can be used to extract the more transferable feature vectors of Deepfake videos in the source and target domains. Secondly, these feature vectors are fed into the domain-adversarial neural network based on backpropagation (BP-DANN) for unsupervised domain adaptive training, where the videos in the source domain have real or fake labels, while the videos in the target domain are unlabelled. (e experimental results indicate that the proposed method FeatureTransfer can effectively solve the overfitting problem in Deepfake detection and greatly improve the performance of cross-dataset evaluation.


Laser and microwave fields can be mixed in paramagnetic samples in a coherent Raman process. The radiation scattered in the forward direction contains frequency components at the sum and difference frequency. We consider the details of this scattering process in a static magnetic field, where two types of signals appear: magnetic-resonance transitions give rise to signals at fixed magnetic fields, independent of the laser frequency. Another set of resonances is determined by the optical transition frequencies. These resonances are particularly prominent in samples with narrow optical absorption lines. We derive a comprehensive theory that describes both contributions and compare it with experimental data from the R lines of ruby.


In late 1973 PBF achieved a power level of 15 MW. During this period of operation fluctuations in reactor power were observed. Many possible causes of these fluctuations were considered and a number of nuclear and non-nuclear tests were conducted. Initial instrumentation installed in the core showed coolant outlet temperature variations of 10$sup 0$F for several fuel cannisters and approximately 10 percent power variations at 15 MW. Power spectral density analysis showed a predominant frequency of 0.05 to 0.06 HZ. The testing program to determine the cause of the power oscillations is described. (auth)


: The Tocharian B fragment THT3597 is in urgent need of study, despite the great achievements of Schmidt (1983). It is a precious sample of Tocharian Buddhist literature, preserving parts of a Buddhastotra with allusions to the Buddha's acts of self-sacrifice in former births. Written in non-archaic script, it is linguistically interesting because it preserves obvious archaic traits, but mixed with several later features. Glosses are evidence of a lively interest in the manuscript at the time, revealing even the unique form seswa 'sons'.


The formation characteristics of nitrification in water distribution system disinfected with chloramine were investigated using four biofilm annular reactors(BAR) in series,which was compared with the practical water distribution system.A decrease in ammonia and an increase in nitrate first occur in BAR4 at the growth stage of AOB.Ammonia is decreased,AOB in biofilm and bulk and nitrite firstly reach a peak then decline along the pipeline when AOB enter a stationary period.The pH can lower 0.7 from water treatment plant to the end of the water distribution system,while maintaining 3.0 mg/L of residual chlorine in finished water can not suppress the nitrification.Because the AOB method is limited,water quality parameters,such as total residual chlorine,pH,ammonia and nitrite in different points of the system should be simultaneously analyzed to predict the potential of nitrification.The four BAR in series can simulate the variation of water quality in the practical water distribution system with nitrification.


The representative of new type materials is silicon carbide single crystal. The manufacture technique of silicon carbide single crystal consists of single crystal growth and wafering. Wafering is the important base and essential guaratee for devices manufacture because the materials with excellent properties will promote the progress of devices only by the means of the support of successful and effective wafering. As long as we solve the problems in the wafering process,we can manufacture devices having good properties. By analyzing and testing research,this paper comes to a conclusion as follows.the parameters greatly effecting on quality for cutting process are as follows: feed method and speed,rotation.


There were a number of appliances set up in the gas industry laboratories, and gas equipment and water heaters were made to operate intermittently, so that one obtained constant heating and cooling conditions over a long period. If there was any defect in the apparatus it was likely to reveal itself under such conditions and the design could be modified. The flue equipment must conform with the pretty severe tests laid down by the British Standards Institution. Moreover, large training schools for fitters were maintained by the industry, 'and \hese training schools worked in close co-operation with the local education authorities. Men were given instruction with regard to design in the various types of equipment; water heaters were only a smaH item. The elementary principles of combustion were taught, and the men gained experience in the systematic inspection of the equipment, so that they could recognize defects. In some areas firms were employed and worked under the supervision of the gas undertaking. He felt sometimes that some care was necessary in estimating carbon monoxide in bathroom air. He had heard people say that the bathroom air was free from carbon monoxide when they had tried to make such a test by an all-set apparatus which would not respond to the agreed requirements. The best method was by means of the iodine pentoxide test, which would detect I part of carbon monoxide in 100,000 of air. The PRESIDENT said that owing to the lateness of the hour be must declare the discussion closed, although there were many members who would wish to contribute. Dr. GARDNER, in reply, thanked the speakers for their kind remarks, and also Mr. Smith for clarifying the situation on the difficult question of geyser fumes. The one lesson of the paper, in which he had .-ecounted something like 36 accidents in the bathroom, was that practically none of them ought to have happened.


Symmetry plays a fundamental role in chiral recognition and enantioselective catalysis. Porphyrins possess a number of structural features that make them attractive for the stereocontrol of chiral recognition and metal-catalyzed asymmetric reactions. This article is a brief account of our studies on chiral recognition and enantioselective catalysis by optically active metalloporphyrins. Some of the studies on chiral recognition and asymmetric catalysis by metalloporphyrins performed by others have also been included when useful.


As a leader in literature in the transitional period o f Tang Dynasty, Zhang Shuo's idea on literature stressed on both literary grace and understanding. He never looked down upon the ancients, at the same time he t reated the comments on literature at his time equally. He influenced the style o f writing in Kaiyuan period, and it put forward the concept on literature in flo urished Tang Dynasty.


The intensive farmland in north China accounts for more than 17% of China's arable land area and is main producing area of wheat and corn in China. The response of sources and loads of sediment of N and P pollutants to the high-intensity agricultural activities in north China still remains unclear. The study aims to quantify the source and magnitude of N and P pollutants in the sediment from different land use types using a novel application of compound-specific δ 13 C isotopes (CSSI), 137 Cs and 210 Pb ex (FRNs), in a representative agricultural catchment (Jiangou). Surface (0-2 cm) soil and sediment samples were collected from different plant species for CSSI and FRNs, while subsurface (5-30 cm) soil samples were collected from channel bank for FRNs. The 137 Cs cores (0-60 cm) collected at the outlet of the catchment and also at reference sites. Sediment sources from surface and subsurface soils were derived by FRNs data which accounted by 83±6% and 17±6%, respectively, while the sediment sources from maize, bean, vegetable farmlands and forestlands on the surface soil areas were identified by CSSI data. Combining FRNs and CSSI fingerprinting techniques, the dominant sediment source was derived from maize farmland which contributed by 60±8%, followed by channel bank, bean farmland and vegetable farmland which accounted for 17±6%, 12±3% and 8±3%, respectively, and the least contribution was from forestland (3±1%). According to the 137 Cs cores (0-60 cm) collected at the outlet of Jiangou catchment, a sedimentation rate of 23.38±0.22 t ha -1 yr -1 of this study catchment was quantified. The 137 Cs inventory of the reference site was 1162±131Bq m -2 . Based on the measured of N and P concentrations in source samples, and areas of land uses in this catchment, we quantitatively estimated the N pollutant in sediment (t yr -1 ) from maize (2.19), bean (0.42), vegetable farmlands (0.31), forestland (0.49) and channel bank (0.05), while P pollutant (t yr -1 ) were 4.39 for maize, 0.18 for beans, 0.28 for vegetable farmland, 0.37 for forestland and 0.04 for channel bank. This study shows that the novel conjunctive use of FRNs and CSSI techniques could quantify the N and P pollutants in sediment from different land uses in catchment, which is critical to assess and implement effective agricultural and land management practices.


Backgrounds : Burns are systemic complex injuries following an exposure to thermal energy and can cause damage to the skin. Skin, as body cover, will protect the underlying tissue from infection, act as a thermo regulator and control the evaporations. The principle of burn therapy is to remove the necrotic tissue and to replace the function of the skin in the body by using a temporary cover with synthetic dressings or skin allograft. Skin allograft remains an ideal temporary cover, particularly when sufficient autograft skin is not available. Patients and Methods : We performed early excision and cover the wound with cadaver skin allograft in two patients suffered from major burn admitted to Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital in 2012. We observed the wound clinically and monitored the leukocytes count to evaluate the rate of infection. Results : We observed four patients with major burn. Two patients treated with early excision and skin allograft has decreasing in exudates production, less bad odor in wound area, body temperature stable in normal value and also the decreasing leukocytes counts gradually. The results of wound area and body temperature in two patients treated conventionally are not much different from the initial wound and have high leukocytes count more than 10.000 in the majority of laboratory findings. The skin allograft can control the infection by suppressing the bacterial proliferation, promote epithelialization and prepare the wound better. Summary : Patient in this study treated with early excision and skin allograft has better outcome compared to patients treated conservatively.


An orbit determination method,which uses a quadratic equation to fit the function of variation of alongtrack errors with time and uses the fitting result to correct errors of semi-major axis and area-mass ratio,is proposed following analysis of the relationship between forecast errors and orbit determination errors.Simulation indicates that the result computed by the method is better than that computed by conventional least-square estimation methods for sparse observation data.For low earth orbit objects with an altitude of over 400 km,the position error of 5d forecast is within 22 km with the method,which is commensurate with SGP4(Simplified General Perturbations Version 4)/SDP4(Simplified Deep space Perturbations Version 4)method.Therefore,the proposed method is appropriate for batch data orbit determination with sparse observation data of double-screen fence radars.


The dynamics of carrier capture in GaAs quantum wells have been measured with femtosecond resolution using pump and probe experiments under resonant excitation conditions. The electron capture mechanism at room temperature shows a resonance with a time as short as 650 fs for a well thickness of 58 A. This gives strong evidence for the importance of the quantum-mechanical LO-phonon-assisted capture mechanism predicted by theoretical calculations


The recycling process of liquid fluorine in wet-process phosphoric acid(WPA)was researched.Defluorination was made from WPA and potassium fluoride was prepared using the intermediate product of potassium fluosilicate.Potassium carbonate was selected as defluorination agent and silicon-containing compound x as defluorination auxiliary agent.Alkali was added into potassium fluosilicate to generate potassium fluoride.The optimum process conditions were obtained from the experiment,with the yield and purity of potassium fluoride being 82.75% and 94.20%.


Abstract Even though Turkey has the longest parliamentary history in the Middle East, there are no signs that her distance from the Western political model has lessened. In fact, during the post‐Özal decade, the military succeeded in augmenting its political and financial power vis‐à‐vis ambitious domestic pressure groups and rising economic interests to such a level that civilian supremacy became an even harder task for Erdoğan's administrations.


The rise of mass incarceration in the USA is related to the historic character of American exceptionalism and the abandonment, over the past few decades, of policies of rehabilitation and radical social reform. The components for a compararable penal expansion are, with the exception of high rates of lethal violence, in process of assembly in some European societies: rates of serious property crime surpassing those in the USA; a shift in the politics of law and order towards `governing through crime' and populist punitiveness; and rising anxieties about risk and insecurity, in particular relating to ethnic minorities and crime. The distinctive character of social democratic societies, which has so far shielded them against mass incarceration and which already face challenge due to globalization, face further adverse comparison with the more deregulated US economy in terms of unemployment rates which are significantly distorted by the size of the American prison population. Economic debate should be better informed of the unprecedented extent to which the penal factor has come to exert a hidden influence on cross-national images of socioeconomic success and failure, and of the costs and benefits of social-democratic relative to more deregulated market economies.


Transient behaviour of the excited states originated from the neutral and the charged species is discussed using data from time-resolved experiments. Complex transient characteristics obtained for the slightly charged poly-(bithiophene) film during electrochemical doping were explained in terms of sequential molar fraction changes of the neutral species, the radical cation and the π-dimerized radical cations. Femtosecond transient absorption measurement carried out in time range of 0-4 ns for a two-photon excited dye reveals a multi-exponent decay with well separated relaxation times and the distinct relaxation mechanisms. At high irradiance and a sufficient fluence, the multi-photon excitation processes affect the subpicosecond response and lead to formation of the photo-products.


Evolutionary algorithms for optimization of dynamic problems have recently received increasing attention. Online control is a particularly interesting class of dynamic problems, because of the interactions between the controller and the controlled system. In this paper, we report experimental results on two aspects of the direct control strategy in relation to a crop-producing greenhouse. In the first set of experiments, we investigated how to balance the available computation time between population size and generations. The second experiments were on different control horizons, and showed the importance of this aspect for direct control. Finally, we discuss the results in the wider context of dynamic optimization.


Synthesizing multistyle speech has been an important topic of research in recent years. In this research, 11 commonly encountered speech styles have been synthesized by varying pitch, duration, intensity, and the glottal excitation on the Klatt Synthesizer 88, KLSYN88. These 11 speech styles include angry, clear, 50% tasking, 70% tasking, fast, Lombard, loud, normal, question, slow, and soft. All of the styles proved to be intelligible and appropriately styled based on subjective listening tests. The parameter variations of the glottal excitation are based on the results of statistical analyses [K. Cummings, Analysis, Syn., and Rec. of Stressed Speech, Ph.D thesis, Georgia Inst. of Tech., 1992] that demonstrated the importance of glottal excitation changes in styled speech. These statistical analyses demonstrated that the glottal excitation of each of the eleven styles is significantly and identifiably different. One utterance of the work ''hot'' was synthesized in the normal style. The other ten styles o...


Fibrillary and immunotactoid glomerulonephritis represent the pathological entities characterized by structured fibrillary/microtubular deposits, whose identification is possible only by electron microscopy. We report a 46-year-old female who presented with proteinuria 15 years after the onset of psoriasis. Diffuse global glomerulosclerosis pattern was noted on light microscopy. In immunofluorescence microscopy, predominant IgA deposition was observed and electron microscopy showed organized randomly arranged fibrillary deposits with diameter ranging between 10 and 23 nm in mesangial, subendothelial, intramembranous, and subepithelial sites.


Aiming at the problems of complex background and low accuracy in Thangka image detection tasks using deep learning algorithms, an improved object detection algorithm based on YOLOv4 is proposed. Considering that the Mish function used by YOLOv4 is static, which performs the same operation on all input samples, hence it is not enough to deal with complex scenarios. We use the DynamicReLU function to encode the global up and down into a hyperfunction, and dynamically adjust the piecewise linear activation function instead of the Mish function accordingly, which solves the defect that the activation function cannot be dynamically adjusted, and realizes the detection of the headgear and seat of the Thangka image. The experimental results in Thangka image detection show that the evaluation protocol mAP of the algorithm reaches 37.9%, which is an increase of 3.8% compared to the YOLOv4 algorithm. The algorithm improves detection accuracy without increasing the depth and width of the network.


Bio oil from pyrolysis is considered as an alternate fuel for diesel engine. In recent years some pilot plants of pyrolysis process for the production of bio oil from biomass have been established in many countries. The main problems associated with the use of pyrolysis oil in diesel engines have to be removed in order to use the bio oil in a wide range of commercial applications. An attempt was made to use modified bio oil blended with diesel fuel in a single cylinder, four stroke, air cooled, DI diesel engine. The performance and exhaust emissions such as unburned hydrocarbons (UBHC), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon-di-oxide (CO 2 ) and nitric oxide (NO) were measured from the diesel engine at different power outputs. The performance and exhaust emissions were studied from the engine with three different WPO based fuels such as WPO diesel emulsion, and two WPO diesel emulsions with addition of 2% and 4% Diethylether. The results were compared with the diesel fuel data, analysed and it is presented in this paper.It is observed from the results that 1.94%, 3.02% and 2.94% increase in the brake thermal efficiency was achieved with WPO10, WPO10 with 2%DEE and WPO10 with 4%DEE. The NO and HC emissions were lower with only WPO diesel emulsion.For the other emulsions the HC and NO emissions were higher than diesel fuel operation.


Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is considered definitive consolidation therapy for many patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) once complete remission (CR) is achieved. Nevertheless, relapse remains a major cause of treatment failure post-HCT.Increasing evidence suggests that the presence of minimal residual disease (MRD) at the time of HCT identifies a subset of patients that is at high risk of relapse. In the present analyses, we sought to determine the impact of MRD detected by 8-color flow cytometry (FC) at HCT on 1-year relapse incidence (RI) in patients transplanted in first CR (CR1). Between 2010 and 2012, 159 AML CR1 patients with a median age of 53 years were transplanted with matched sibling donor (MSD, n=42), matched unrelated donor (MUD, n=78) or mismatched donor (MMD (n=39). Of 159 patients, 50 had MRD by 10-color FC at HCT (MRDpos). Compared with patients without MRD (MRDneg), MRDpos were older (median age 60 vs. 53, p=0.0003), required more than 1 line of induction chemotherapy to achieve CR1 (40% vs. 17%, p=0.001), had more incomplete recovery of counts (CRi/p) at HCT (58% vs. 9%, p The median follow-up of 105 survivorswas 368 days. MRDpos patients had a higher 1-year RI (HR=3.2, p=0.003) compared with MRDneg,. Patients with CK was another group with higher 1-year RI compared with patients without CK (HR=3.2, p=0.003). Multivariate regressions showed that MRDnegCKneg patients represented the best prognostic group with the lowest 1-year RI while MRDposCKpos was the worst prognostic group (HR=6.8, p=0.002). Patients with either MRDpos or CKpos represented an intermediate risk group (HR=3.2, p=0.03) for 1-year RI after HCT (Figure 1a). The 1-year RI adjusted by age, line of induction regimen to achieve CR, intensity and donor type was 8% for MRDnegCKneg, 30% for MRDposCKneg and 47% for MRDposCKpos patients. Similarly, 1-year relapse-free survival (RFS) was lower for patients who were MRDpos (HR=1.9, p=0.01) compared with patients who were MRDneg. Among other variables, CRi/p (HR=2.0, p=0.01) and CK (HR=2.2, p=0.009) also decreased 1-year RFS. Multivariate regressions showed that patients with MRDnegCKneg with complete count recovery at HCT had the best 1-year RFS and CKpos patients with either MRDpos or CRi/p had the worst outcomes (HR=5.2, p Our study shows that MRD by FC at HCT is associated with other high risk disease features and its prognostic impact on 1-year RI is not independent of the cytogenetic risk profile. Patients without CK enjoy a lower incidence of relapse with better RFS even if they are MRDpos at HSCT. We believe that this group of patients with CKpos and MRDpos or CRi/p should be a target of innovative transplant and post-transplant strategies to further improve their outcomes. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Essential Cases: EU Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Prosecutor v Hans Åkerberg Fransson (Case C-617/10), EU:C:2013:105, [2013] 2 CMLR 46, 26 February 2013. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Noreen O'Meara.


By selecting a suitable programmable controller and the criticality alarm device, the alarm system has now been built up and used successfully in our Institute.


We assessed the acute toxicity of CJ-50003, a second Japanese encepalitis (JE) vaccine developed by Cheil-Jedang corporation, in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and beagle dogs. CJ-50003 was orally and intramuscularly administered up to maximum dose of 160 ㎍/kg, 1,000 times as much as the expected clinical dose, in SD rats and was intramuscularly administered up to 50 ㎍/kg, 300 times as much as the expected clinical dose, in beagle dogs. In these experiments, there were no death and clinical changes which were related to CJ-50003. In addition, there were no significant changes between control and treated groups in body weights and autopsy findings. In conclusion, LD50 of CJ-50003 is over 160 ㎍/ kg in SD rats, and over 50 ㎍/kg in beagle dogs.


The Bundaberg residential property market has yielded patchy results in recent quarters, but the big question is 'Are we edging towards recovery?'.


This paper presents analysis of performance measurements from a MIMO-OFDM IEEE 802.11n hardware implementation at 5.2 GHz using four transmitters and four receivers. Two spatial multiplexing systems are compared; one which uses a zero-forcing (ZF) detector and the other a list sphere detector (LSD). We show that the measured results do not align with standard prediction based on simulation assuming uncorrelated receiver noise. We show that the discrepancy can be explained by the inclusion of transmitter noise into the channel model. This effect is not included in existing MIMO-OFDM channel models. The measured results from our hardware implementation show successful packet transmission at 600 Mb/s with 15 bits/s/Hz spectral efficiency at 73% coverage for ZF and 84% coverage for LSD with an average receiver signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 26 dB.


This study investigate on the potential of using sewage sludge ash to improve the shear strength parameters of soft soil. The sludge ash was obtained by burning the sludge for 1 hour at 800 °C. In this research, the following laboratory tests were conducted on the soft soil which are sieve analysis, standard proctor compaction, specific gravity, Atterberg limit and direct shear test. Two curing times were used for the untreated soils and treated soils with sludge ash which are 7 days and 14 days. The sludge ash was mixed with the soil at different percentages by weight of the soil at 2%, 4% 8% and 16%. The results showed that the increment in the sludge ash up to 8% increase both shear strength parameters which are cohesion and friction angle at 7 days curing time. Further increment of the sludge ash resulting decreases the cohesion values. The outcomes were observed present a better performance of the shear strength parameters at 7 days curing time. The findings of this research indicate that sludge ash can be applied to stabilize the soft soil and further diminish the environmental hazard associated with this material.


A thorough understanding of weed ecology is vital for devising effective weed management strategies. Ecological information on key herbicide resistant and 'at risk' weeds will strengthen herbicide resistance prevention and management strategies and improve weed management overall in the long-term. This is also important to accurately parameterise our model that predicts the evolution of glyphosate resistance in our farming systems.


Conclusion A single centre retrospective cohort study of 1,034 cycles (Jan 2012-Jan 2016) at Hammersmith IVF unit, where rFSH (GonalF) alone was used to induce follicular growth. Size of each individual follicle at each ultrasound scan and rFSH doses during COS were collated. Parametric groups were compared by ANOVA with post hoc Tukey's and non-parametric data by Kruskall Wallis test with post hoc Dunn's tests. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, ****p<0.0001. During IVF treatment, recombinant FSH (rFSH) is used to induce multi-follicular growth (controlled ovarian stimulation; COS). Insufficient rFSH dose negatively impacts the number of oocytes retrieved, whereas excessive dose risks the potentially life-threatening complication ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). Hence, appropriate rFSH dosing is regarded as a key treatment decision affecting both the success and safety of IVF treatment. Current dosing calculators for rFSH are derived to number of oocytes retrieved, however we investigated whether rFSH dosing can more accurately predict follicular growth.


Transferring high quality video stream through a heterogeneous wireless network has many challenges due to the varying data rate and round trip time(RTT) involved in the network and the more stringent quality of service(QoS) requirements of the multimedia application such as on time delivery , minimum delay etc. User datagram protocol (UDP), a connectionless, unreliable transport protocol has been widely used for transferring video frames.UDP cannot guarantee reliable information delivery and  may lead to packet loss. The packet loss, increases with time varying bandwidth availability in the heterogeneous wireless networks. Transmission control protocol(TCP) can be an alternate transport layer protocol to provide reliable delivery of video information. But, using TCP for wireless networks has limitations due to misinterpretation of packet loss, frequent link failure, asymmetric link behaviour etc.,. which minimizes the throughput and in turn degrades the quality of the video frames transmitted. This paper analyses an efficient scheme to use Heterogeneous Environment Retransmission algorithm with SCTP (HERTS) to transfer video data in the heterogeneous environment. By using multi-homing and multi-streaming feature of Stream control transmission protocol (SCTP), the packet delivery rate, through put and delay requirements can be optimized. The transport layer model suggested in this paper aims at reducing the occupancy of the retransmitted packets in the link, by using a separate end to end path allotted for retransmission.