Classical Morse theory is a useful tool for the study of the topology of differentiable manifolds. Stratification theory has permitted to extend this approach to spaces which are not smooth, like general complex spaces. There are many partial contributions by other authors but the classical reference is the book ''Stratified Morse theory'' by Goresky—MacPherson [4]. The main point is that in this book a similar degree of generality is achieved as in classical Morse theory; this is accomplished by the ''Fundamental Theorem'' which characterizes the transition between different levels in terms of tangential and normal Morse data. The proof in [4] is divided into two steps: first it is shown that the transition can be characterized using local Morse data (this step is very easy), and second it is shown that the local Morse data are homeomorphic to the product of tangential and normal Morse data (Main Theorem). This gives a very clear geometrical understanding of the situation. However, the proof of the Main Theorem is very heavy, and it seems that usually one needs only the Fundamental Theorem as a whole, so it has been worth while to look for a direct and much simpler proof of the latter. This was the purpose to write this paper. In order to facilitate a comparison with the book [4] we take up the notations which are used there. The hypothesis of [4] that we have a nondepraved critical point can be replaced here by the weaker one that we have an isolated normally nondegenerate critical point (see Definition 1.4 below), since we concentrate on the Fundamental Theorem and are less interested in uniqueness statements. Meanwhile a paper of H. King [5] has appeared which refers to an older unpublished preprint [6] of the same author. He makes the same observation concerning the role of the Fundamental Theorem and its weaker hypothesis and suggests a considerable simplification of the proof, too. In contrast to the work of King whose idea is to reduce to the case of the sum of two functions with an isolated critical point the simplification in this paper is mainly due to some preparatory theorem the proof of which uses Shiota's and Du Plessis' progress about controlled vector fields: they can be chosen to be continuous, see [8], [2], [1]. The role of the preparatory theorem is similar to that of Thom's first isotopy lemma, including more sophisticated cases which are handled in [4] by the technique of ''moving the wall''. Due to its generality it allows to reduce the number of steps when comparing different spaces considerably. It emphasizes that the main technical point is to handle situations where no change occurs up to homeomorphism! Using the preparatory theorem everything is reduced to a careful analysis of what is called in [4] ''absence of characteristic covectors'', i.e.


I derive the optimal ratio between advertising and subscriptions revenues when a monopolist publisher maximizes its profits with respect to advertising space and subscription price. If consumers are more adverse towards advertising than towards price, the ratio is higher.


The article "Long-Term Follow-Up Results of Topical Imiquimod Treatment in Basal Cell Carcinoma" of Professor Bostanci and colleagues1 addresses an interesting topic that the authors would like to discuss further. In this retrospective study, Bostanci and colleagues treated 24 basal cell carcinomas


Recently, we have shown the advantages of two-way quantum communications in continuous variable quantum cryptography. Thanks to this new approach, two honest users can achieve a non-trivial security enhancement as long as the Gaussian interactions of an eavesdropper are independent and identical. In this work, we consider asymmetric strategies where the Gaussian interactions can be different and classically correlated. For several attacks of this kind, we prove that the enhancement of security still holds when the two-way protocols are used in direct reconciliation.


The oxymoron of Emily Dickinson as famous "Nobody," isolated as a poet, belies her generative sense of community in the iconic company of transatlantic "freedom writers," George Eliot and Percy Bysshe Shelley, with whom she associates in her poetry and letters. Comparing her attitudes toward homeland authority and leadership with Eliot's Middlemarch and Shelley's prose and sonnets such as "England in 1819," posits Dickinson in a conversation that expresses a shared resistance, a critique of their respective cultures. The symmetry of Dickinson's "We like March - his Shoes are Purple -" (Fr1194) and her effusive identification with "my George Eliot" suggests her reading Middlemarch as illuminating her own experience of a culture repressive of woman's voice and role in civic society. Dickinson could have read Middlemarch in serial format, when she was composing "We like March -" in 1871. Of special interest to scholars is the fact that Dickinson revised this poem years later, but only to the extent of changing two words: the "Adder's Tongue" "presents" to "begets," and bluebirds "exercising" to "buccaneering." Investigating Dickinson's reading of local and international news yields a thesis that Dickinson's "bluebird" poet self is more than a tactical rebellion from a culture demanding "Prose." Rather, she conceives her writing as a bold insurgency rooted in mandates in which political and creative freedoms are inextricable. The mystery of who "We" are in "We like March"—and a world under a "British Sky"—may point to an expatriate sensibility that Dickinson shares with Eliot and Shelley; and, in turn, may locate Dickinson's political aesthetic, clarifying the significance of Emily Dickinson's identity as a self-consciously American writer.


This paper discusses a vision problem for the detection of lift operation panel which is a plane subject to deformation due to viewing angle change. The key problem in this project is the large scale change where the panel detection has to start at a significant distance away, and end up with the camera very near to the panel button. The process has three steps: (1) hunting for the panel using a coarse searching algorithm; (2) guiding the robot arm towards the panel; at close range, a model based matching algorithm is applied to verify (or identify) the panel; (3) after verification, tracking the button to guide the robot towards it. Two algorithms were used and it is shown that the weak perspective model outperforms the affine model.


PurposeThis article provides an in-depth study of leader resilience during the prolonged COVID-19 crisis.Design/methodology/approachThe research is based on interviews with leaders in the hotel, retail and manufacturing industries during the pandemic. The analytical framework is individual resilience as both a process and an outcome. The analysis method is a combination of deductive and inductive content analysis.FindingsThis study offers a rich description of the interaction among the behavioural, situational and individual factors influencing leaders during the various stages of the global COVID-19 crisis.Originality/valueHighlighting the role of leaders' personal reflections on the interaction between resilience factors and leaders' identity work, this paper contributes to the field by introducing an extended model of leader resilience.


Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) may be an unrecognized cause of intellectual disability (ID) in adults. Knowledge and techniques for investigating IEMs have evolved rapidly; therefore adult patients with idiopathic ID may benefit from an up‐to‐date aetiological work‐up. This review aims at establishing recommendations for investigating IEMs as a cause of ID in adults.


We report the first far-infrared dichroism measurements using a polarization-division interferometer (PDI) developed in our laboratory. This interferometer uses a free-standing wire-grid beamsplitter made of tungsten wires. In conjunction with a linear polarizer in front of the source and two roof-top mirrors (one in each arm of the interferometer), the PDI divides the input beam into two orthogonal linear polarization components, recombines them for interference at the beamsplitter, and directs the output beam at 90° to the direction of the input beam. Light exiting the interferometer is manipulated with far-infrared lenses, to avoid polarization distortions that are inherent to the reflecting surfaces of the mirrors. The performance of the PDI is evaluated by measuring the linear dichroism of oriented PVF2 [poly(vinylidenefluoride) and circular dichroism of α-pinene, camphor, and 3-methylcyclohexanone. The dichroic multiplex advantage (ability to measure dichroism in the entire far-infrared region from a single measurement) and throughput advantage are demonstrated. These measurements establish the utility of the PDI in measuring transmission and linear dichroism spectra simultaneously without the need for any additional components. Additional developments appear necessary to establish the circular dichroism measurements when the magnitudes are less than one part in one thousand.


Deposition of thin diamond-like carbon films in etched fiber Bragg gratings as substrate was used to increase the sensitivity of a fiber Bragg grating refractometer. The nanometric film was also used for tuning the sensitivity to a maximum for a desired application of liquid refractive index measurement. Simulation and experiments were performed in order to understand the light propagation inside the modified optical fiber and its effects in the refractometry measurements.


A review of the relationship between infant mortality and fertility in the Caribbean region is presented for the period 1950 to 1979. The authors note that infant mortality stabilized in the 1970s following an initial decline. However, after a period of temporary increase, fertility declined rapidly during the 1970s. (summary in ENG, SPA)


Superantigens (SAgs) are potent stimulators of T cells bearing specific Vβ T cell receptors (TCR) and may play a role in the pathogenesis of Kawasaki syndrome (KS), although despite 15 years of intense study this area remains controversial. Because SAgs can cause Vβ restricted T cell activation in the absence of Vβ skewing the aims of this study were to describe a flow cytometric protocol to study both CD4 and CD8 Vβ repertoires, and CD69 expression across the CD4 and CD8 Vβ repertoire in children with KS. Sixteen children with KS were studied. There was no significant increase in overall peripheral blood CD4 or CD8 T cell activation as determined by CD69 expression. However, Vβ restricted CD4 and/or CD8 activation was observed in eight of 11 (72%) of the KS patients, a finding not observed in healthy controls. Thirteen of 16 (81%) of the KS patients had evidence of either Vβ skewing (particularly CD4 Vβ2 and Vβ5·1) and/or Vβ restricted activation. Three patients had Vβ restricted activation in the absence of skewing. We suggest that these preliminary observations highlight the many layers of complexity when considering T cell activation in KS, which could explain some of the conflicting studies regarding peripheral blood T cell activation and Vβ skewing. It is likely that in order to move forward with this debate a combination of detailed microbiological, immunological and molecular techniques applied to individual patients will be required ultimately to prove or refute the SAg hypothesis of KS.


In 2004, Kenya's parliament passed a promising bill to create a National Social Health Insurance Fund to pay for outpatient and hospital care for all Kenyans, but the bill was not signed into law out of concerns over financing. Today, Kenya's only social insurance is the National Hospital Insurance Fund (NHIF), which is under investigation by the Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission. Private health insurance (PHI) remains one alternative to out-of-pocket payments for financing healthcare, including mental healthcare, among those who can afford it. In Kenya, PHI is used by 2% of the population and accounts for 4% of health expenditure. Critics of PHI argue that it leads to spiralling use and costs of services, while proponents suggest that it increases early access to services and improves financial protection.


We have investigated the intrinsic dielectric breakdown of gate oxide layers with thickness of 12 and 7 nm in n+ polycrystalline Si–SiO2–Si metal/oxide/semiconductor (MOS) capacitors after stress with constant current either under Fowler-Nordheim or under hot electron injection. Occurrence of soft breakdown without thermal damage in the MOS structure is demonstrated even in a 12 nm oxide under particular stress conditions. In general, it is found that the type of stress determines the breakdown mode (soft or hard).


Interest has existed for a considerable period of time in migrating weather penetrating sensor technology from its origins in military applications to the civil sector, and some civil certified systems are now available on business jets. This paper discusses the issues that such a migration raises from the perspective of the requisite head up display performance requirements, and includes results of flight trials conducted in this area.


: The insurance fund operation requires consideration of prudence and security. Research on the risk spillover effect of the insurance industry in the stock market is of great significance. The study explored how to better assess the insurance industry's risk in the stock market and the spillover effects between the insurance industry and other different industries. Firstly, the ARMA-GARCH model was used to fit the logarithmic returns of six industries in China's A-share market, including insurance industry, pharmaceutical industry, public health, financial technology industry, green industry and blockchain industry. Then, each order model under the assumption residual of partial normal distribution was established respectively. Then the t-Copula connection function between the insurance industry and other industries was fitted. Finally, through the calculation of VaR and CoVaR, the risk spillover effects between each industry's own value at risk and the insurance industry were studied. The research provides a theoretical reference for the risk management of China' s insurance industry funds investing in the stock market.


The cognitive-cultural dimensi ons of contemporary are iden tified by reference to its leading sectors, basic tec hnologies, labor relations syst ems and market structures. Cognitive-cultural systems of production and work come to ground preeminently in large city regions. The expansion of sector s that thrive on innovation is one of the features of the new economy that introduces concepts as creative industries and creative cities. The notion of a cognitive-cultural economy refers above all to the circumstance that labor have come do depend on intellect ual and affective human assets. While the old white color/blue color principle of cl assical Fordism was deeply modified by the new economy, the new labor force is still di vided in two tiers, with large wage and cultural inequalities between the upper and th e lower parts of the working class. These differences reflect on the fr agmented urban structures. Neither the proposition of a creative class, made by some authors can replace the classical concept of class based on interests clash between capital and work in claims on the economic surplus. Nor a simple increa se of a creative population in a city will guarantee a continuous growth. The primary engine of this process is a complex apparatus of production, a netw ork or interrelated industria l and service activities and tied to widening final markets. For transcende nce of social and urban fragmentation and inequality it is urgent a re-engagement for e quity principles, for participatory democracy and for a conscientious program of social democracy. Not just because they are important in their own right – but also becau se they enlarge the sphere of creativity, learning, innovation, social experime ntation and cultu ral expression


In a yarn processing system (S) comprising a textile machine (T), a a clamping profile (1) with round or square cross-section having supporting device (P) and at least one fixed on the clamping profile yarn feeding device (F) comprising a fixing (B) with an at least a releasable clamping element (7) cuts containing (5) for applying having on the clamping profile, the section of the fixing (B) of said yarn feeding device (F) either selectively formed changeable match between a round and a square configuration, or both cross-sections.


Temperature fatigue reflective crack is a major distress in asphalt pavement and may induce further destroys. Many methods have been conducted to solve this problem. However, the arbitrary cracking path has not been investigated. In this paper, the extended finite element method (XFEM), which has the advantage in considering the arbitrary cracking propagation, is used to investigate the temperature fatigue reflective crack. Firstly, the temperature field model and XFEM model are built with same math but different element types. In the temperature field model, the temperature distribution was obtained using DFLUX subroutine and FILM subroutine. Then the temperature distribution is applied to XFEM model and the thermal fatigue reflective cracking mechanism is investigated. Moreover, the inclined degree of initial crack in up-base is considered. This better understanding is expected to provide more scientific insights to advance the current structural pavement design practices and pavement repairing.


1. Strophanthus intermedius Pax gives low yields of fruit in Puerto Rico. This condition results from a relatively low fruit-set and a high premature fruit drop. 2. This species is highly self-incompatible, and natural fruit-set depends to a large degree on cross-pollination by insect vectors. Collections and observations indicated that the vectors present in Puerto Rico are inefficient and that the proper vector probably is missing from the local fauna. 3. Natural self-pollination is made very unlikely by the extreme morphological specialization of the flower. The reproductive portions have formed a very efficient structural isolating mechanism that virtually prevents natural self-pollination. The floral morphology of S. intermedius is described. 4. Although approximately one-third of the open-pollinated flowers set fruit, subsequent abscission allowed less than 2% of them to reach maturity. Most of the loss was caused by the common fungal pathogen Diplodia theobromae (Pat.) Nowell. The symptoms are a discoloration and eventual blackening and necrosis of the fruit. Complete premature fruit drop was induced by inoculations of flowers with Diplodia spores. An anthracnose fungus, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz, also was found to attack Strophanthus fruit, particularly during the later stages of development.


Objective To investigate the PET-CT and MR imaging characteristics of patients with epileptogenic focal cortical dysplasia,and to evaluate their values in the foci localization of preoperative epilepsy surgery.Methods A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of patients with epileptogenic focal cortical dysplasia,resection of the epileptic focus,and confirmed pathologically in Zhujiang hospital,was carried out from January 2009 to October 2011.The data as distribution of the lesions,histologic subtypes,and MR and PET imaging characteristics and prognosis of 39 patients having complete data were concluded.The relations between each two indexes were analyzed.Results MR imaging showed positive lesions in 31 patients,mainly manifested as unclear junctions between the gray and white matter,local cortical thickening and abnormal morphology,and increased white matter signal on T2WI and Flair imaging.In high signals of T2WI,Flair imaging was very common in patients with the FCD Ⅱb subtype,while rare in patients with the FCD Ⅰ b subtype.PET-CT showed positive lesions in 36 patients; the detection rate was slightly higher than that of MR imaging.According to the Engel prognosis grading,74% (29/39) of patients was in grade Ⅰ,18% (7/39) in grade Ⅱ,5% (2/39) in grade Ⅲ,and 3% (1/39) in grade Ⅳ.Conclusion In patients with epileptogenic focal cortical dysplasia,unclear junctions between the gray and white matter,local cortical thickening and abnormal morphology,and increased white matter signal on T2WI,and Flair imaging are the main manifestations in MR imaging; PET-CT combined with MR imaging can improve the accuracy of detection.

Key words:
Epilepsy;  Focal cortical dysplasia;  Positron-emission tomography;  Magnetic resonance imaging;  Diagnosis


A prominent area of research in the realm of medical imaging is the categorization of brain tumors into multiple classes. Researchers have devised a variety of strategies to improve categorization accuracy. Brain tumor diagnosis and classification using standard medical data analysis is a difficult and time-consuming job. Biomedical investigation demonstrates that systematic categorization with human involvement may result in erroneous diagnosis and prognosis. One of the most remarkable approaches for dealing with this issue is to utilize deep learning algorithms. This study examines an intra-version comparison of MobileNet models with the goal of identifying brain tumors using MRI images. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of each version of MobileNet —MobileNetV1, MobileNetV2, and MobileNetV3, to pinpoint the three distinct forms of brain tumors which are pituitary, glioma, and meningioma. Multiple evaluation metrics, including sensitivity, specificity, F1-score, accuracy, and negative likelihood ratio have been used to evaluate the effectiveness of these models. According to a comparative analysis of these models, MobileNetV2 tends to perform better than other versions achieving a train and test accuracy of 99.73% and 97.86%.


Abstract. Purpose of the study is to identify the socio-psychological specifics of social mobility of the individual in times of crisis. Methods. The study used observation methods, interviews, questionnaires, standardized and projective methods of psychodiagnostics, which revealed the socio-psychological aspects of the life scenario of the subjects and spatial projections of their social mobility; the interrelation of social mobility of the studied with the indicators of competence in time in times of crisis is determined; the parameters of social maturity of respondents and their impact on social mobility were identified; the influence of adaptive resources of the researched on their social mobility in the period of crises is clarified; differentiation of levels of expression of social mobility of respondents in the period of crises is carried out. Results. The resource components of social mobility of the person in the period of crises on levels of its expressiveness are allocated. It was found that social mobility is interrelated with the process of subjective personality formation and has different levels of expression that correlate with key socio-psychological characteristics, which are reflected in indicators of motivational profile, meaningful life orientations, activity, self-determination, self-regulation -strategies, levels of subjective control and social adaptability. It is shown that the subjects with the average (constructive) level of social mobility have the greatest social adaptability, which is characterized by a harmonious motivational profile, predominance of average level of differentiation and homogeneity of professional preferences, future orientation with high meaning acceptance of responsibility, search for social support. Respondents with low social mobility are characterized by a predominance of homogeneous motivation, weak differentiation of professional preferences and their average homogeneity. Focus on the present and the process of life are interrelated with the active use of coping avoidance with pronounced internality in situations of failure. Their adaptive profile is characterized by increased conformity with low rates of lability and creativity. Socially highly mobile subjects are characterized by general externality in combination with externality in the field of achievements and in the field of failures. The peculiarities of social mobility of the studied in the unity of its status, professional and territorial (migration) manifestations are revealed. Comparison of the severity of social mobility in respondents with different types of adaptive resources allowed to identify significant differences in this parameter of psychological organization.


In the present economic scenario, especially after global economic crisis, the condition of India's balance of payment and trade deficit is very severe. Investment has made the need of hour to bridge this gap. An attempt has been made in this paper, to discuss the need of opening up the route of FDI in multi brand retail sector. The main purpose of this study is to analyse the role of FDI in employment generation in Indian retail sector. Here we assumed that FDI as an independent variable whereas employment as dependent variable. By using time series data from 2001-02 to 2009-10 and applying ordinary least square (OLS) method we find that FDI have negative impact on employment generation in retail sector in India.


We develop a dynamic model of strategic investment in a transnational pipeline system. In the absence of international contract enforcement, countries may distort investment in order to increase their bargaining power, resulting in overinvestment in expensive and underinvestment in cheap pipelines. With repeated interaction, however, there is a potential to increase efficiency through dynamic collusion. In the theoretical part we establish a fundamental asymmetry: it is easier to avoid overinvestment than underinvestment. Calibrating the model to fit the Eurasian pipeline system for natural gas, we find that the potential to improve efficiency through dynamic cooperation is large. In reality, however, only modest improvements over the non-cooperative solution have been achieved.


Since 1991, charter schools have become a popular school choice option. Charter schools are independent public schools free from most state regulations in exchange for a written contract specifying that certain results will be obtained. Charter school accountability depends on both the specific charter school law and the agreement that has been struck between the sponsoring agency and the individual charter school. This study explores the patterns of practice in the accountability processes used by multiple sponsoring agencies in Minnesota. Minnesota's charter school law allows local school districts, post-secondary institutions, and the state education agency to sponsor charter schools. One central overarching question was addressed in this study: How do the micro accountability systems of multiple sponsoring agencies within Minnesota compare? In addition, several subquestions provided the framework for the research: 1. How is the charter school accountability process defined in the state legislation? 2. How is the charter school law interpreted by the state education agency? 3. How do sponsors determine the accountability processes they require of their charter schools? 4. How satisfied are the charter school directors and the sponsoring agencies with their accountability process? This qualitative study utilized research methods suitable for a multiple case study. The two primary data collection methods were document analysis and interviews. Individual case reports for each type of sponsoring agency were written that discussed specific elements of the accountability systems in use by each type of sponsoring agency within the state. A final report outlining the patterns of practice in the accountability processes used by all sponsors is included. Any measurement of the macro accountability dimensions in the charter school movement may be confounded by the different micro accountability indicators used by


The effect of surfactant Tween-80 on the bioleaching of sewage sludge with indigenous sulfur-oxidizing bacteria cultured by Tween-80 was examined.The effect of Tween-80 on the sulfur oxidizing capacity of the bacteria was investigated.The dosage of Tween-80 in 0.5~8.0 g/L was favorable for the bio-oxidation of elemental sulfur.With the increaseing of Tween-80,the utilization of sulfur enhanced.Sulfur utilization grew at first and then fell with the increase in the dosage of Tween-80 in the bioleaching experiment.The optimal concentration of Tween-80 was 6.0g/L,under the condition,sulfur oxidation and sludge acidification were enhanced and the dissolution rate of Cu and Zn were 91.9% and 90.4% after 8 d of bioleaching.In contrast,only 80.1% Cu and 85.2% Zn were extracted from the control without Tween-80.However,when the concentration of Tween-80 was higher than 6.0g/L,the growth and proliferation of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria would be restrained and the metal solubilization would also slow down.


FIVE YEARS AGO, a survey was made of psychiatric services in Canada's general hospitals and the results were reported subsequently in this Journal.6 In the intervening years the potentialities of general hospitals in the treatment of the mentally ill have become more widely recognized. Many general and other non-mental hospitals have added psychiatric treatment to their range of services and have provided the necessary additional Canad. M. A. J. May 15, 1958, vol. 78


Objectives: To explore the psychological conditions of pregnant women with genital warts so that the dangers of this disease can be reduced and the safety of pregnancy can be improved. Method: From April 2010 to February 2013,5600 cases of pregnant women in Cixi City were included in the study. Psychological survey was carried out among those who reported to have condyloma acuminate. Results: The psychological state of pregnant women with genital warts were featured by somatization,depression,relationships,anxiety,hostility,paranoia, mental diseases and terror,among which anxiety,depression,terror are the most common. Women at different ages,with different occupation,education level,attitude towards life,marital situation have different psychological conditions,but their conditions are generally characterized by anxiety,depression,terror,and interpersonal relationships. Conclusion: Pregnant women with condyloma acuminate in Cixi City are generally in a psychological state characterized with anxiety and depression,hence clinical interventions are necessary.


The computational cloud aims to move traditional computing from personal computers to cloud providers on the internet. Cloud security represents an important research area. Confidentiality, integrity, and availability are the main cloud security characteristics addressed. Cloud providers apply dynamic load balancing and reactive fault tolerance techniques to build secure cloud services to achieve high service availability. Dynamic cloud load balancing approaches distribute submitted tasks to virtual machines during tasks execution and the load of virtual machines is updated based on the system's state. Reactive cloud fault tolerance is activated for system process failures after failure effectively happens. Reactive cloud fault tolerance handles failure after the fault has occurred. Despite the significance of dynamic load balancing and reactive fault tolerance techniques and mechanisms, few reviews focus on these approaches in a systematic, unbiased method focusing on integrating cloud dynamic load balancing and reactive fault tolerance techniques. This paper conducts a systematic literature review of the existing literature concerning reactive fault tolerance, dynamic load balancing, and their integration in their basic approaches, types, frameworks, and future directions.


Organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) with a novel carrier transporting copolymer having a triphenylamine moiety as hole transporting unit and a triazine moiety as electron transporting unit in the polymer side chain and a CsF as electron injection material were fabricated. The device consisting of ITO/copolymer and DCM emitting material (500 Å)/CsF (5 Å)/Al showed high quantum efficiency of 0.3% at a DC 12 V. Especially, the electroluminescence (EL) device emitted red light (720 nm) with high brightness corresponding to the emitting material.


At the end of 2007,at the fifth plenary session of the eighth Henan provincial party committee of Henan province,the government officially proposed to focus on creating the high-quality "Three point one line"traveling route of Zhengzhou,Kaifeng,Luoyang and the"One body with two wings"ecological tourism pattern of south Taihang mountain and Funiu mountain.In recent years,with the continuous adjustment of tourism development planning,"One body with two wings"ecological tourism pattern is not able to adapt to Henan tourism development completely.This paper is a new analysis for"One body with two wings"ecological tourism pattern and the"Plane pattern"tourism development.The analysis extends the original analysis and makes it detailed.Moreover it stretches the"Plane of the body"along the yellow river,expands and makes the"two wings"specific,and build a new"One body with two wings"ecological tourism pattern with clear context framework.We hope we can provide higher feasibility suggestions for Henan tourism resources integration and tourism products development.


The spatial arrangement of individual plants play a central role in how ecosystems function and influence processes such as growth, competition, pollination, seed dispersal, and water and nutrient cycling. Consequently, the spatial arrangement of plants within revegetated sites are likely to influence the functional outcomes of restoration plantings. There have been calls to base revegetation designs on natural plant arrangements; however this seldom occurs, and the outcomes of failing to do so are poorly understood. The aims of our research were to (1) describe and compare plant arrangements in remnant and revegetated woodlands, and (2) assess how planting arrangement influences the ecological processes occurring in the revegetated site, specifically seed production. We found that aggregation was common in the remnant community and nearest neighbour pairs were often conspecific. While, revegetated sites were generally more dispersed and had greater spatial admixture of species. In revegetated areas, aggregated trees, or those with a neighbouring Eucalyptus leucoxylon, produced more seeds per fruit than dispersed trees. Therefore, we recommend that mimicking natural plant community spatial arrangements, where aggregation is common and nearest neighbours are often conspecific, as a guide to planting design, is likely to increase seed production in projects seeking to revegetate woodlands. Introduction Revegetation aims to return functional ecosystems to cleared land, but planting designs are often ad hoc and ecological outcomes can be highly variable (Hobbs 1993; Sluis 2002). Questions have therefore been raised about the effectiveness of many revegetation attempts. Revegetation success is often measured by the area restored or number of seedlings planted rather than ecological function (Miller et al. 2010). Consequently, further research is needed to determine if revegetation simply returns plants to the landscape or whether it creates functional ecosystems (Hobbs 1993). In natural systems, plant arrangements influence processes such as growth, competition, pollination, seed dispersal and herbivory (Miller et al. 2010). Therefore, more detailed consideration of plant arrangements may improve ecosystem function in revegetated sites and a potential way to achieve this is to mimic the spatial arrangements of natural plant communities (Miller et al. 2010; Sluis 2002). At this stage, however, plant spatial arrangements are often overlooked as an important feature of revegetated sites and the role that arrangement plays in revegetation is not well understood (Miller et al. 2010). Our research aimed to close this gap, by (1) describing the spatial arrangement of remnant and revegetated Eucalyptus leucoxylon (F. Muell) woodlands in the Monarto area, South Australia; and (2) exploring the role of planting arrangement on seed production in revegetated E. leucoxylon. Methods 1) A remnant Eucalyptus leucoxylon woodland was surveyed (ca. 4 ha) in the Monarto area, South Australia. GPS position, size and species ID of all reproductive Eucalyptus were recorded. In the revegetated woodlands (1850 ha, 250 local and introduced species, established in the 1970s), only the GPS position of E. leucoxylon individuals were recorded (ca. 800 individuals across 85 ha). ArcGIS was used to map records and determine neighbour distances. 2) Fruit were collected from 75 revegetated E. leucoxylon, from four areas within the revegetation. Approximately 40 fruit (2013 flowering season) were collected per tree and the average number of seeds per fruit (seed production) determined for each tree. Seed production was assessed in trees with and without a near neighbour and in dispersed (0 E. leucoxylon within 30 m) and aggregated trees (5 E. leucoxylon within 30 m), using unpaired t-tests.


What are people buying when they give money away? Is pure altruism possible? Who benefits from grants to charities and subsidies to givers? Is religious giving different? Which fundraising approaches 'work', and is more charity always better? Questions like these make philanthropy and fundraising among the most dynamic research areas in economics today. Including an original introduction, this two-volume collection guides both students and scholars from the time when giving was seen as 'irrational', to the present when economics has fully embraced the complex and fascinating challenges of understanding why self-interested people can be so unselfish.


The present investigation was carried out to study the effect of integrated nutrient supply on forms of aluminum and acidity at the Experimental Farm of Department of Soil Science, COA, CSK HPKV, Palampur in a randomized block design with 13 treatments replicated three times. The soil of the experimental site was silty clay loam and classified taxonomically as 'Typic Hapludalf' with acidic reaction, medium in organic carbon, low in available N, medium in P and K at the initiation of the experiment. Thirteen treatment combinations of lime, NPK doses and vermicompost were imposed in pea-okra cropping system from winter 2008–09 to summer 2011. Results revealed that application of chemical fertilizers alone or in conjunction with lime or vermicompost decreased all the forms of aluminum and soil acidity over chemical fertilizers alone. Maximum reduction in all the forms of aluminum and soil acidities was recorded with lime application along with 125% NPK which was statistically similar to 75% NPK+lime and 100% NPK+lime. Among the rates of vermicompost application, extent of reduction was more under the treatment getting 10 t/ha vermicompost as compared to 5 t/ha.


Why is the descriptive (or numerical) representation of women in policy-making positions higher in some cities than in others? Despite a strong body of work on the descriptive representation of women in state government, research on the presence of women in municipal government is limited in empirical scope and theoretical development. This study is different. First, the authors employ an original data set of 239 cities with populations of 100,000 or more to update and extend the empirical reach of scholars' knowledge. Second, the authors develop and test hypotheses to explain how the urban political context affects women's descriptive representation. The analysis reveals that the election of women as council members and mayors are interdependent phenomena. The authors also find that political characteristics of local communities are consequential for predicting the presence of women as municipal policy makers—just as consequential as electoral structures and other institutional features.


In recent years,machine tool manufacturers in China conducted 14 mergers and acquisitions(MA) and most of them are successful.This paper summarizes the current theory related to the MA.Based on the case study on key factors of 14 overseas MA of Chinese machine tool manufacturers,the paper hopes to give some recommendation to the overseas MA of other Chinese manufacturers.


Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is an antimalarial drug also known to have anti‐inflammatory and antiviral effects. The antiviral action of HCQ has been a point of interest for many researchers because of its mechanism of action and the potential use it could have during the current COVID‐19 pandemic. However, HCQ can cause QT interval prolongation. The current therapies used in COVID‐19 are changing as the pandemic develops. The aim of this article is to promote a validated risk score for QT prolongation in multidimensional assessment of COVID‐19 patients, especially in elderly and polypathological patients.


Multisim especially Multisim14's characteristics are summarized in the paper. And Holding Tank control system is an example. Simulating PLC control system in the Multisim is an efficiency method, not only it can save lab cost, but also it afford an convenient approach for learners and designer. Keywords-Multisim; PLC; simulation circuit


Part I. Character Theory for the Odd Order Theorem Part II. A Thereom of Suzuki: 1. General properties of G 2. The first case 3. The structure of H 4. Characterisation of PSU (3, q) Appendices.


This report describes in a formalised way a comprehensive set of processes for digital preservation. These processes are drawn from a series of relevant projects and standards from the preservation community, including OAIS, TRAC, PLANETS and others. The result is intended to be used as a generic baseline that those interested in audiovisual preservation can refer to, extract and customise processes in order to fit with their specific AV preservation needs.


ABSTRACT The importance of cultural factors in Applied Behaviour Analysis has gained recent attention. In the present study, video modelling was used to teach participants with autism a culture-specific dressing skill, how to wear ghutra and agal, the traditional Emirati head garment. A multiple probe across participants design was used with baseline, video modelling training, and post-intervention phases. During training, participants watched a video model and then completed the skill according to a task analysis. No reinforcement or correction procedures were used. Two participants acquired the seven-step chain using video modelling. One participant failed to accurately complete one step. For this participant, a remediation procedure, including prompting and Teaching with Acoustical Guidance (TAGteachTM), was used to shape the response topography for this step. With the addition of remedial training, the participant met mastery criterion. A social validity survey showed that the skill was relevant and the video modelling procedure was acceptable.


The invention discloses a hydraulic power pulse oil displacement experimental facility and an experimental method thereof. The experimental facility comprises a core clamping device, an annular pressure supply device, a hydraulic power pulse wave generating device, a water storage tank and an oil storage tank which are connected with the liquid inlet of the core clamping device by virtue of a water pipeline and an oil pipeline as well as a liquid container which is connected with the liquid outlet of the core clamping device; wherein the water pipeline and the oil pipeline are all provided with an intermediate container, a pumping device used for generating high pressure liquid flow and an energy storage tank. The experimental method includes the following steps: firstly, oil displacementexperiment is carried out under the condition that no hydraulic power pulse is added; secondly, oil displacement experiment is carried out while frequency and amplitude hydraulic power pulse wave of core are replaced, and meanwhile hydraulic power pulse auxiliary chemical oil displacement experiment is completed; thirdly, data processing is carried out. The invention has reasonable design, mounting convenience, simple operation and good simulation effect, can improve efficiency of oil displacement by water and crude oil recovery ratio, and experiment of hydraulic pulse wave oil displacement and hydraulic pulse wave auxiliary reservoir core oil displacement by water can be realized.


Conversion factors Cf are common coefficient factors used by engineers to estimate the load of the distribution networks, especially the peak on the sub-transformers. In this Paper load data are used for the calculation of these factors based on different type of days, months and number of feeders at Substation in Irbid at the north of Jordan. The results based on monthly dimension show that the number of feeders does not play an effective role in computation of Cf factors.


The → � oo → 4� reaction shows a broad "resonance"at 1.5 GeV with no counterpart in the � + � channel. This (J P ,Jz) = (2 + ,2), I = 0and2 resonance is considered as a candidate for a qq¯ q¯ q state. We show, however, that it can also be explained by potential scattering ofoo via the �− exchange. 1. The Motivation After many successes of quark models to describe a single meson or baryon, their predictive power in the two-hadron sector remains questionable. A fair description of the nucleon-nucleon interaction was accompanied with the pre- diction of a rich dibaryon spectrum which has never been observed. It is in- teresting to see how different quark models perform in the two-meson sector, as compared to mesonic models. We are also motivated by our experimental colleagues in Ljubljana (ARGUS coll.(1),(2)).


The present invention proposes a method in a communication network for transmitting multimedia broadcast multicast service reception state information, comprising: a terminal receiving a radio resource control message from a base station (S201); and determines whether the RRC message satisfies a predetermined condition (S202); RRC message if the predetermined condition is satisfied, the terminal sends a multimedia broadcast multicast service reception status message to the base station, wherein the MBMS service reception state information for identifying a multimedia broadcast terminal is receiving multicast traffic (S203). By aspect of the present invention, the base station may obtain at least one multimedia broadcast multicast service reception state information of the terminal side, wherein the reception state information transmitted by the terminal. So that the base station can run a multimedia broadcast multicast users received broadcast or multicast traffic as well as other relevant statistical process.


Rabbit antisera specific for synthetic peptides corresponding to each of the three intracytoplasmic exons (i.e. exons 6, 7 and 8) of the H-2K/sup b/ gene have been prepared and characterized in terms of their reactivity with class I H-2 molecules. Using lentil lectin-purified glycoproteins isolated from /sup 125/I-surface-labelled EL-4 (H-2/sup b/) cells, it has been possible to demonstrate that after clearance of the glycoprotein preparation with either anti-mouse ..beta../sub 2/-microglobulin, or alloantisera directed against H-2K/sup b/ and D/sup b/, there remains a non-..beta../sub 2/-microglobulin-associated (i.e. free) class I heavy chain which can be immunoprecipitated by anti-peptide 8 antisera. This free class I heavy chain has the same 2D gel spot pattern as heavy chains from dimeric H-2K/sup b/, suggesting that conformational alterations resulting from the dissociation of ..beta../sub 2/-microglobulin, rather than chemical changes, are responsible for the loss of the alloantigenic determinants. Evidence has also been obtained indicating that the reaction of dimeric class I molecules with anti-peptide 6 induces the dissociation of ..beta../sub 2/-microglobulin, suggesting the potential for significant transmembrane conformational perturbations of the external domains as a result of interactions with the intracytoplasmic region.


Anemia that occurs during pregnancy is one of the big problems that occur in developing countries, including Indonesia. Iron deficiency anemia in the mother can increase growth and development of the fetus during pregnancy as well as thereafter. An estimated 41.8% of pregnant women are saved from anemic world, lower than they should be due to iron deficiency. One of the government's policies to increase the nutritional needs of pregnant women is with the help of iron supplements. One of the herbs that can improve the nutrition of pregnant women and Hb levels is Moringa leaves. Moringa leaves contain vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, calcium, iron, and protein in very high amounts that are easily digested by the human body. The purpose of this study was to study the comparison of Moringa oleifera leaf powder to hemoglobin levels in third trimester pregnant women with anemia. Research designs Quasi-experimental studies using unequal control group designs. This research was conducted in the Work Area of Mangunreja Public Health Center in Tasikmalaya City in 2019. The sample was taken by purposive sampling and the sample size was 36 respondents, 18 control groups and 18 regulatory groups. The results of the study, in the control group wolcoxon test results, the value of p = 0.602> 0.05 while in the group treated the Wilcoxon test results, the value of p = 0.003 <0.05, thus using flour Moringa oleifera powder. hemoglobin levels of third trimester pregnant women with anemia.


Response surface methodology was employed to optimize the conditions of supercritical CO2 extraction of the oil from freeze-dried onion powder. The effects of pressure, temperature and extraction time on the yield of oil were investigated. The maximum extraction yield of 4.69 ± 0.04 g/kg dry basis was achieved at a pressure of 20.6 MPa, a temperature of 40.6 °C, a time of 260 min, a CO2 flow rate of 22 L h–1, and an entrainer ratio of 0.1 mL absolute ethanol per gram dry basis. The chemical composition of the oil was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The most representative compounds of the essential oil were organosulfur-containing compounds and, among these, the main constituents were methyl 5-methylfuryl sulfide (18.30 %), methyl 3,4-dimethyl-2-thienyl disulfide (11.75 %) and 1-propenyl propyl disulfide (9.72 %).


In this paper we study a class of singular integral operators defined by polynomial mappings on product domains. We prove the L p boundedness of such singular integral operators under very weak conditions on the singular kernels. For the corresponding maximal truncated singular integral operators we also obtained appropriate L p bounds which were previously unavailable even in relateviely simple settings.


Three novel rhenium N−heterocyclic carbene complexes, [Re]−NHC−1−3 ([Re] = fac−Re(CO)3Br), were synthesized and characterized using a range of spectroscopic techniques. Photophysical, electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical studies were carried out to probe the properties of these organometallic compounds. Re−NHC−1 and Re−NHC−2 bear a phenanthrene backbone on an imidazole (NHC) ring, coordinating to Re by both the carbene C and a pyridyl group attached to one of the imidazole nitrogen atoms. Re−NHC−2 differs from Re−NHC−1 by replacing N−H with an N−benzyl group as the second substituent on imidazole. The replacement of the phenanthrene backbone in Re−NHC−2 with the larger pyrene gives Re−NHC−3. The two−electron electrochemical reductions of Re−NHC−2 and Re−NHC−3 result in the formation of the five−coordinate anions that are capable of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction. These catalysts are formed first at the initial cathodic wave R1, and then, ultimately, via the reduction of Re−Re bound dimer intermediates at the second cathodic wave R2. All three Re−NHC−1−3 complexes are active photocatalysts for the transformation of CO2 to CO, with the most photostable complex, Re−NHC−3, being the most effective for this conversion. Re−NHC−1 and Re−NHC−2 afforded modest CO turnover numbers (TONs), following irradiation at 355 nm, but were inactive at the longer irradiation wavelength of 470 nm. In contrast, Re−NHC−3, when photoexcited at 470 nm, yielded the highest TON in this study, but remained inactive at 355 nm. The luminescence spectrum of Re−NHC−3 is red−shifted compared to those of Re−NHC−1 and Re−NHC−2, and previously reported similar [Re]−NHC complexes. This observation, together with TD−DFT calculations, suggests that the nature of the lowest−energy optical excitation for Re−NHC−3 has π→π*(NHC−pyrene) and dπ(Re)→π*(pyridine) (IL/MLCT) character. The stability and superior photocatalytic performance of Re−NHC−3 are attributed to the extended conjugation of the π−electron system, leading to the beneficial modulation of the strongly electron−donating tendency of the NHC group.


The analytical solutions for the third-harmonic generation (THG) on infinite chains in both Su-Shrieffer-Heeger (SSH) and Takayama-Lin-Liu-Maki (TLM) models of trans-polyacetylene are obtained through the scheme of dipole-dipole ($DD$) correlation. They are not equivalent to the results obtained through static current-current ($J_0J_0$) correlation or under polarization operator $\hat{P}$. The van Hove singularity disappears exactly in the analytical forms, showing that the experimentally observed two-photon absorption peak (TPA) in THG may not be directly explained by the single electron models.


Abstract:In this article the author looks back on her years of Adlerian formation. She describes ICASSI experiences in terms of the variety of experiential learning and the strong theoretical framework they provided. Graduate studies also provided solid theoretical foundation and effective counselor training. Mentorship discussions inspired the author to embrace egalitarian relationships, holism, and an optimistic outlook. The article is illustrated with two recollections that were influential for the author's personal and professional development: personal feeling of human fellowship and greater confidence as a therapist.


Objective To investigate the injury on Cell Line A549 induced by non-thermal effects of Microwave Radiation, in order to provide theoretical basis for Microwave treatment of cancer. Methods Ice bath was employed to establish microwave radiation non-thermal effect model, and dosages were 100 W(12mv/cm 2 ), 150 W-18mv/cm 2 and 200 W(21mv/cm 2 ) for 10 min. After 24 h, Western Blotting was used to detect the expressions of cytochrome c, caspase-3, GRP78, caspase-4, cathepsin D proteins. Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope was used to dectect the changes of lysosomes. Results The non-thermal effect of microwave radiation on human A549 cells could induce the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c, and induced activation of caspase-3 and caspase-4, and upregulated the expression of GRP78 and cathepsin D, and enhanced acidification of lysosomes. Conclusion The injury on Cell Line A549 induced by non-thermal effects of Microwave Radiation may be apoptosis through mitochondrial , endo-plasmic reticulum and lysosome pathways together, offering new thinking direction for microwave treatment of cancer .


Ethylene, when present as a scavenger during the radiolysis of liquid cyclopentane, leads to two additional products, ethane and ethylcyclopentane. Ethyl radicals are formed by addition of hydrogen atoms to ethylene. Cyclopentyl radicals either add to ethylene or combine with radicals depending on the dose rate. The activation energy for addition of cyclopentyl radicals to ethylene is 6.7 + 1/2E4, where E4 is the energy of activation for recombination of cyclopentyl radicals in solution. At relatively low dose rates, the rate of formation of ethylcyclopentane is proportional to the ethylene concentration times the square root of the dose rate. lt is estimated that the rate of disproportionation of ethyl and cyclopentyl radicals relative to recombination in the liquid phase is l.7. Radicals addition to unsaturates becomes an important secondary reaction at low dose rates in the radiolysis of saturated hydrocarbons if reaction is carried to relatively high conversions.


Objective To observe the nursing effect of care management intervention on patients with intravenous infusion in outpatient and emergency.Methods 160 cases were randomly divided into observation group and control group,80 cases of each.The control group was given traditional nursing,while the observation group based on the control group was given care management intervention.The efficacy of 2 groups was observed.Results The successful rate for the first venipuncture of the observation group was 95.0% higher than 90.6% of the control group;The satisfaction score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group.All the differences were statistically significant (P0.05).Conclusion Reasonable care management intervention can help improve the nursing effect on patients with intravenous infusion in outpatient and emergency,and it can also improve the satisfaction of patients.


The dilemma of inheritance of grandchildren from the pre-deceased child is one of the most critical areas of Islamic law. According to the classical interpretations of Islamic law, any son of the deceased in general excludes such grandchildren. However, many states brought certain changes into the existing format of Islamic law of succession so as to shield such grandchildren from total exclusion. Egypt, Tunisia, Syria, Morocco, Pakistan and Bangladesh are remarkable for binging changes in this particular area. Pakistan brought a significant change in 1961 by section 4 of the Muslim Family Laws Ordinance (MFLO), which is a milestone event in the history of reformation of Islamic law. In Bangladesh the same law become accepted through the promulgation of the Laws Continuance Enforcement order, 1971'.Section of the MFLO affected the whole structure of Islamic Law of Succession. The main contribution of this work is an attempt to draw the attention of the proper authority for taking steps to ensure the right of orphaned grandchildren and other heirs not violating the Islamic law of succession. For this purpose the author tries to show the injustices to some heirs and the provisions of Islamic law of succession which have been violated caused by the section 4 of MFLO and lastly the author has set up a method that ensures the right of the orphaned grandchildren neither violating the Islamic rule nor excluding any heir. It is a qualitative research.


Population is growing day by day so the atmosphere is compelled to be clean and hygiene. In most of the regions, the flooded trash bins are generating unsanitary surroundings. It's very important to line out the day to day wastes in nursing economical and straightforward manner. Lack of trash bins wastage supervision can outcome in disruption of the environmental balance and in turn lands up in the degradation of the health and hygiene society. The foremost drawbacks that have arisen deals with the detection, observation, and management of wastes. The present methodology of observing the waste system might be a sophisticated and arduous method that wants countless individual effort, rice and thus will not be well-suited with the enlargement in the technologies. Existing System has edges besides, has disadvantages. We tend to propose an Intelligent Trash Management in smart Cities using IoT. Once the rubbish reaches the extent of the trash bins, then that indication is given to Smartphone's through Android application by Arduino UNO. The controller will give an indication to the trash collecting truck. That garbage bin is completely crammed and needs imperative attention. This might facilitate to manage the rubbish assortment with efficiency.


These were critical years for Handel. Support in London for Italian opera was proving much less assured than it had seemed back in the years around 1720, when the so-called Royal Academy of Music had been launched to provide opera of the very highest quality at the King's Theatre in the Haymarket. Relationships among artists and patrons had been soured by personal and professional jealousies. During the 1733-34 season Handel found himself competing with a rival ensemble, which came to be known as the Opera of the Nobility; a year later, for the 1734-35 season, the Opera of the Nobility, with most of the best Italian singers now on its books, was able to take over the Haymarket theatre, the scene of all Handel's earlier operatic triumphs in London. Handel himself was obliged to move to the less fashionable Covent Garden.


In this letter, we demonstrate lasing from Rhodamine 6G in a microcavity organic vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) in solid state. We adopted an original approach to forming thin films of Rhodamine 6G doped into a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) host matrix and to integrating them in a dielectric microcavity architecture. We dissolved the materials in dimethylformamide and then spin coated the gain layer onto a planar dielectric mirror in an anhydrous environment to prevent premature precipitation of the PMMA. The second dielectric mirror was positively curved and was positioned on top of the gain layer to form a VCSEL with a tunable cavity resonance and a quality factor exceeding Q = 1500. We optically excited the device through one of the cavity resonances using femtosecond pulses and observed lasing above a threshold of 17±3 μJ/cm2 of absorbed energy. The lasing emission followed the polarization of the pump and narrowed from 0.85 to 0.05 nm.


This paper aims to study the effect of functionalised carbon nanotubes (CNT) on mechanical properties of kenaf fibre reinforced polymer composites. The CNT was functionalised using acid mixtures of H2SO4:HNO3 and 3-Aminopropyl Triethoxysilane before it was incorporated into epoxy resin. Three different types of CNT were used, i.e. pristine (PCNT), acid-treated (ACNT) and acid-silane treated (SCNT), to fabricate kenaf composite. Three different filler contents were mixed in each composite system, i.e. 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0 wt%. The functionalised CNT was characterized using x-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Tensile, flexural and Izod impact tests were conducted in order to evaluate the effect of CNT contents and surface treatment of mechanical properties of kenaf composites. It was observed that the inclusion of 1 wt% acid-silane treated CNT improved the tensile, flexural and impact strengths of kenaf/epoxy composite by 43.30%, 21.10%, and 130%, respectively. Silane modification had been proven to be beneficial in enhancing the dispersibility and reducing agglomeration of CNT in the epoxy matrix.


The present invention relates to an esterification catalyst composition that includes a zirconium compound and a method for producing an ester compound, which includes the steps of esterifying alcohol and carboxylic acid compounds by using the same, and it may be applied to a mass synthesis process.


Abstract. We designed an optical coating based on TiO2/SiO2 layer pairs for broad bandwidth high reflection (BBHR) at 45-deg angle of incidence (AOI), P polarization of femtosecond (fs) laser pulses of 900-nm center wavelength, and produced the coatings in Sandia's large optics coater by reactive, ion-assisted e-beam evaporation. This paper reports on laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) tests of these coatings. The broad HR bands of BBHR coatings pose challenges to LIDT tests. An ideal test would be in a vacuum environment appropriate to a high energy, fs-pulse, petawatt-class laser, with pulses identical to its fs pulses. Short of this would be tests over portions of the HR band using nanosecond or sub-picosecond pulses produced by tunable lasers. Such tests could, e.g., sample 10-nm-wide wavelength intervals with center wavelengths tunable over the broad HR band. Alternatively, the coating's HR band could be adjusted by means of wavelength shifts due to changing the AOI of the LIDT tests or due to the coating absorbing moisture under ambient conditions. We had LIDT tests performed on the BBHR coatings at selected AOIs to gain insight into their laser damage properties and analyze how the results of the different LIDT tests compare.


Analysts of higher education in the United States agree on the ur gent need for increased critical thinking1 learning outputs via more active student learning inputs, and most universities have adopted some goal statements referring to critical thinking. Nevertheless, how realistically can less-selective universities actually pursue and produce critical thinking learning outputs in the context of compe tition over students, many of whom come to college with few criti cal thinking skills and a desire for low-effort education? We ex plore that question by reviewing the literature, describing an exposi tory report approach to teaching critical thinking, and relating our experiences with such approaches in experimental general education courses at a typical less-selective regional state university.2 At the end of the paper, we suggest ways to reduce the cognitive-affective tradeoffs and institute actual general education reform.


Linguistics, along with education, anthropology, sociology, language teaching, psychology, philosophy, computer science and neuroscience are the key components of the emerging field of cognitive science, the structure and functioning of human cognitive processes. It has as its ever-receding and highly ambitious goal the theory of how all aspects of language work. Seeking to know the relevance of linguistics to the study of language is a worthwhile venture because language can be seen as it may, the most valuable possession of human race, for we make use of it in virtually everything we do and it is the most complex form of human behaviour. This study first looked at the role and functions of language, the role and functions of linguistics, linguistics as a science and then examined the relevance of linguistics to language study in general and to the English language in particular.


Suppose that G is a metabelian finite group(i.e.,G"=1) and V is a faithful competely reducible G-module.Then prove that there exist x,y ∈ V such that C_G(x)∩C_G(y)=1,namely,G has a large orbit in V.By the theorem,we show that Gluck's conjecture and its conjugacy version are valid for metabelian groups.


The paper outlines the design and performance of an economical conjugate-impedance type of network analyser operating at 50 c/s which was developed by the Central Electricity Authority for use by the various Electricity Boards and Divisions. The means and compromises adopted to achieve the specified operational performance are discussed. The development of the analyser involved, amongst other things, the design and development of a composite equipment for the measurement of voltage, current, real power, reactive power, phase angles and—when used in conjunction with a calibration source—the calibration of the shunt and series impedance elements used in the analyser. A comparison between the data obtained by measurements from the network analyser and rigorous calculations for four types of problem is given.


For the first time, we evaluated the long-term lifetime for Hafnium based high-k dielectrics such as HfO/sub 2/ and HfO/sub 2/-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ laminates at 25/spl middot/ /spl middot/ and 125/spl middot/ /spl middot/ in capacitor applications. The extracted Weibull slope of HfO/sub 2/ T/sub BD/ distribution shows thickness dependence to be explained by percolation theory. We demonstrate that elevated operation temperature further accelerates HfO/sub 2/ breakdown than HfO/sub 2/-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ laminates, resulting from severe temperature dependent leakage currents due to different conduction mechanisms.


BACKGROUND: Radiation exposure from medical imaging can cause appreciable long-terms risks for patients. Approximately 2% of all future cancers may be attributable to CT imaging. Patients with certain conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), are likely to receive more CT imaging than others. Abdominal CT scans expose patients to a radiation dose of 10 millisieverts. Although guidelines have not been established, the recommended maximum annual radiation dose for the general public is 1 millisievert. This study examined abdominal CT ordering by medical specialties caring for IBD patients who received excess radiation exposure, defined as ≥3 CT scans over a 3.5 year period. METHODS: A retrospective medical record review of inflammatory bowel disease patients managed at an urban university during a 3.5 year period was performed using a multispecialty electronic health record. All patients age ≥18 were included. There were no exclusion factors. Patient age, gender, disease type, number of abdominal CTs scans, and the specialty of the ordering physician for each scan were obtained. A database, maintaining patient confidentiality, was created. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated-measures ANOVA with significance set at P < 0.05. The study was approved by the university institutional review board. RESULTS: Three hundred sixteen medical records (189 women, 127 men, with a mean age of 41.8 years) were reviewed. One hundred seventy-one patients had Crohn's disease, 143 with ulcerative colitis, and 2 with indeterminate colitis. Twenty-two (7.6%) of these patients had ≥3 CTs during the study period. A total of 125 CTs were performed on the 22 patients, for a mean of 5.7 CTs per patient. Of the CTs, 56 (44.4%) were ordered by general internists, averaging 2.5 CTs per patient; 30 CTs (23.8%) were ordered by emergency medicine physicians, averaging 1.4 CTs per patient; 20 CTs (15.9%) were ordered by surgeons, averaging 0.9 CTs per patient; 12 CTs (9.5%) were ordered by gastroenterologists, averaging 0.5 CTs per patient, 8 CTs (6.3%) ordered by physicians of other specialties, averaging 0.4 CTs per patient. There was a significant difference in the rate at which physicians of different specialties ordered abdominal CT scans on inflammatory bowel disease patients (P = 0.002). Nineteen of 22 patients (86.7%) had CTs ordered by multiple departments. Patients receiving ≥3 CTs had a CT ordered from an average of 2.6 physicians of different specialties (SD 1.2). CONCLUSIONS: Patient with IBD are likely to receive imaging studies, such as abdominal CTs, during the course of their illness. There has been speculation that some inflammatory bowel disease patients receive excess radiation exposure from frequent CT scans. This study revealed that approximately 7% of IBD patients received ≥3 abdominal CT scans, with an average of 5.7 CTs, within 3.5 years. Internists and emergency medicine physicians ordered the largest proportion of abdominal CT scans. Gastroenterologists ordered <10% of these studies, suggesting that many abdominal CTs were ordered by medical specialties that may not be directly involved or familiar with chronic care of inflammatory bowel disease. Improved communication by physicians of different specialties in the care of IBD patients is imperative to limit radiation exposure and optimize management.


UNLABELLED
Whereas an evaluation of quality of life and possible impacts on the mental state of a patient may help to evaluate the evolution of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), the aim of this study was to study the psychological profile of patients, and evaluate quality of life associated with the disease.

METHOD
41 patients were evaluated using a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and a Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36).

RESULTS
The mean age of the patients was 50.6 years, 63.4% men. Of the participants, 65.9% had other health problems, 39% reported needing help with activities of daily living, 49% slept less than 8 hours per night, and 34.1% complained of some memory deficit. The average MMSE score was 26. Impairment of functional capacity and pain were the more important altered health states.

CONCLUSION
CIDP has important social and economic impacts, owing to functional impairments that can lead to professional and personal limitations.


The competition in the job areas is very strict. The alosortive power of the graduate of a college is still low. It is because the requirement of the job areas is complex and limited. Commonly, the stokehomders want to get the graduates who have good cognititive compe tence (good GPA), they must also have high motivation, ability to adapt with the sitvation, high interpersonal compentence, and ability to work effectively. In other words, cognitive competence (hard skill) is not enough for the .stakeholders. They must also have soft skill and ability to ceate. Job areas (entrepreunership). Hop efully, the graduates of colleges must be able to create job areas. · Keyword: Job, Job areas, entrepreunership, stakeholders.


In this paper, we propose a theoretical model of the surface plasmon resonance-based optical fiber biosensor for detecting glucose concentration. The Au/ZnO/WS2 multilayer film is coated around optical fiber. Compared with the conventional surface plasmon resonance sensor, WS2 material can increase the sensitivity of the biosensor. The absorption capacity of WS2 is used to load glucose oxidase by forming a sensitive area to recognize glucose. Refractive index of the solution is calculated and then the concentration of the glucose can be obtained by the correspondence between refractive index and glucose concentration. The highest sensitivity of the SPR biosensor with a structure of 40-nm Au/5-nm ZnO/14 layers of WS2 is 4310 nm/RIU. The proposed WS2-based SPR fiber biosensor has a unique effect on the detection of glucose concentration. It is expected to have potential applications in future medical blood glucose concentration detection.


This chapter analyses the new features of the ACIA provisions as opposed to the traditional general and short formulations, which provide solutions to possible unintended interpretations of in the ACIA provisions. The discussion focuses especially on ASEAN countries' bilateral investment treaties and the treaties that ACIA negotiators have deliberately consulted such as the US Model BIT, NAFTA, the ASEAN-Australia-New Zealand Free Trade Agreement and the ASEAN Agreements on Investment with China and Korea. With the objective of revealing how states have addressed the interpretive problems in redrafting their treaties, the chapter conducts a comparative analysis on new features of modern investment treaties. It reviews extensively fourteen investment treaties or model treaties in both modern and traditional forms. The comparative tables in the Chapter compare commitment-controlling elements of the ACIA with the provisions of some traditional investment treaties and modern investment treaties.Keywords: ACIA provisions; ASEAN countries; comparative analysis; interpretive problems; investment treaties; traditional investment treaties


The European Union (EU) straddles accepted categories of political organization. It is neither a state nor an ordinary international organization. What sets the EU apart, perhaps above all, is its unique institutions: they resemble no other bodies found at the national or international level. We argue that Europe's institutions are Europe's politics. The point was illustrated by the crisis that began when the EU's Constitutional Treaty was soundly rejected in referenda held in France and the Netherlands in 2005. It continued when the Lisbon Treaty, which contained many of the Constitutional Treaty's institutional reforms, took years before it was finally ratified in late 2009. A new crisis in the Eurozone in 2010-11 led to pressures for institutional reform to create stronger economic governance. This paper introduces contending definitions of institution and presents competing approaches to studying them. It contends that understanding politics always begins with understanding institutions, not least in the EU.


Psychological tests may help healthcare professionals make the right diagnosis and give adequate treatment advice. Patients taking a test are expected to do their best and fill in questionnaires honestly and accurately. However, it turns out that this may not always the case. The validity of self-reported symptoms and performance in cognitive tests is defined as symptom validity. This dissertation shows that symptom validity is insufficient in a substantial minority of psychological tests. As a result, these tests may not provide reliable diagnostic information about a patient. An important clinical implication is that symptom validity should always be measured when performing psychological evaluations.


We study the post-inflationary dynamics of the Standard Model Higgs and a real singlet scalar s, coupled together through a renormalizable coupling λshh2s2, in a Z2 symmetric model that may explain the observed dark matter abundance and/or the origin of baryon asymmetry. The initial values for the Higgs and s condensates are given by inflationary fluctuations, and we follow their dissipation and relaxation to the low energy vacua. We find that both the lowest order perturbative and the non-perturbative decays are blocked by thermal effects and large background fields and that the condensates decay by two-loop thermal effects. Assuming instant reheating at T=1016 GeV, the characteristic temperature for the Higgs condensate thermalization is found to be Th ∼ 1014 GeV, whereas s thermalizes typically around Ts ∼ 106 GeV. By that time, the amplitude of the singlet is driven very close to the vacuum value by the expansion of the universe, unless the portal coupling takes a value λsh≲ 10-7 and the singlet s never thermalizes. With these values of the coupling, it is possible to slowly produce a sizeable fraction of the observed dark matter abundance via singlet condensate fragmentation and thermal Higgs scattering. Physics also below the electroweak scale can therefore be affected by the non-vacuum initial conditions generated by inflation.


Objective To monitor the hospital infection on genotyping pseudomonas aeruginosa with randomly amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) assay.Methods Optimal reaction system and amplification condition of RAPD were used for genotyping of the 49 strains PA isolated from the clinical samples.Comparing the fingerprint to confirm the type and outbreak of PA hospital infection.Results Forty-nine strains PA were distinguished into 29 kinds of RAPD type,the typeability was 100%;taking one week as time limit,3 instances of outbreak of PA hospital infection were confirmed;7 instances in 9 of PA hospital infection were endogenous,and the other 2 instances were exogenous.Conclusion RAPD may be used in the molecular epidemiological study of PA.


(Abbreviated Contents Including Section Headings:) Serine Peptidases. Serine Peptidases and Their Clans. Family S1 of Trypsin (Clan SA). Tissue Kallikrein and Its Relatives. Other Families of Clan SA. Clan SB Containing the Subtilisin Family. Clan SC Containing Peptidases with the Alpha/Beta Hydrolase Fold. Clan SE Containing Serine-Type D-Ala-D-Ala Peptidases. Clan SF Containing Peptidases with a Ser/Lys Catalytic Dyad. Clan SH Containing Herpesvirus Assemblins. Clan TA Containing N-Terminal Nucleophile Peptidases. Other Families of Serine Peptidases. Unsequenced Serine Peptidases. Cysteine Peptidases. Cysteine Peptidases and Their Clans. Clan CA Containing Papain and Its Relatives. Clan CC Containing Viral 'Papain Like' Cysteine Endopeptidases. Clan CB Containing the Nodavirus Coat Protein. Other Families of Aspartic Endopeptidases. Metallopeptidases. Metallopeptidases and Their Clans. Clan MA Containing Thermolysin and Its Relatives. Family M1 of Membrane Alanyl Aminopeptidase. Other Families of Clan MA. Family M3 of Thimet Oligopeptidase. Clan MB Containing 'Metzincins' (Clan MB). Family M10 of Interstitial Collagenase (Clan MB). Family M12 of Astacin (Clan MB). Introduction to the Reprolysins (Family M12). Clan MC Containing the Metallocarboxypeptidases. Clan MD Containing Zinc D-Ala-D-Ala-Carboxypeptidase. Clan ME Containing Pitrilysin and Its Relatives. Clan MF Containing Co-Catalytic Leucyl Amino-Peptidases. Clan MG Containing the Methionyl Aminopeptidase Family. Clan MH Containing Varied Co-Catalytic Metallopeptidases. Other Families of Metallopeptidases. Metallopeptidases of Unknown Sequence. Unclassified Peptidases. Peptidases of Unknown Catalytic Type. Subject Index.


This article analizes the question about the presence of the dead people in a specifical society, the medieval, and together a context, the literary text. To make the analizes, to find understand the thinking of man with relation the dead people and the way how this thinking was transform, understing the transformation how a part of social behavior of the individuals.


BACKGROUND Ethanolamine oleate (EO) is used infrequently in dermatology, but is used to treat vascular lesions such as esophageal varices, varicose veins, and congenital vascular malformations. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of EO for treating reactive vascular lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with reactive vascular lesions, such as pyogenic granulomas or venous lakes, were enrolled. EO was used as a sclerosing agent in a 1:1 dilution with normal saline. According to the response, treatment was repeated with EO with less or no dilution. The treatment response was scored as complete remission (CR), moderate improvement (MI), or no change according to the clinical results; any side effects were recorded. RESULTS The efficacy of EO was evaluated in 21 patients (16 pyogenic granulomas and 5 venous lakes). The diameters of the lesions ranged from 0.3 to 1.0 cm. The mean number of EO injections was 1.6 (range 1–4). A CR was achieved in 95% of the reactive vascular lesions (20 CR, 1 MI). Two episodes of transient pain occurred. CONCLUSION EO is an excellent sclerosing agent for treating reactive vascular lesions, and it may be an alternative therapy for vascular lesions in dermatology. The authors have indicated no significant interest with commercial supporters.


The population is ageing and the needs of older adults may not be being met in the field of forensic psychiatry. This survey gathered information about the number and the needs of older adult patients in a special secure forensic psychiatry care in Scotland. Inpatients of The State Hospital, Carstairs aged 55 or over throughout a 10-year period were included. This population has heterogeneous and complex needs. The most common diagnoses are of psychotic illnesses. Most patients are admitted from other secure psychiatric facilities or prison and the duration of admission is long. There are high rates of physical illness, mobility impairment, sensory impairment and polypharmacy. Offences tend to be at the severe end of the spectrum, including homicide, sexual offences and other violent offences. Most patients are single males and socioeconomic classes IV and V are over-represented. Further research will inform development of services for this population.


Abstract Financial contagion occurs when return and volatility transmit between fundamentally unrelated sectors. Our equilibrium model shows that contagion arises because investors pay fluctuating attention to news. As a negative shock hits one sector, investors pay more attention to it. This raises the volatility of equilibrium discount rates resulting in simultaneous spikes in cross-sector correlations and volatilities. We test the economic mechanism of the model on fundamentally unrelated U.S. industries, which are identified using their customer-supplier relationships. Consistent with the model's predictions, empirical evidence shows that fluctuating attention generates return and volatility spillovers between fundamentally unrelated industries.


With an eye toward the interpretation of so-called 'cosmological' experiments performed on the low-temperature phases of {sup 3}He, in which regions of the superfluid are destroyed by local heating with neutron radiation, we have studied the behavior of a Fermi gas subjected to uniform variations of an attractive BCS interaction parameter {lambda}. In {sup 3}He, the quenches induced by the rapid cooling of the 'hot spots' back through the transition may lead to the formation of vortex loops via the Kibble-Zurek mechanism. A consideration of the free energy available in the quenched region for the production of such vortices reveals that the Kibble-Zurek scaling law gives at best a lower bound on the defect spacing. Further, for quenches that fall far outside the Ginzburg-Landau regime, the dynamics on the pair subspace, as initiated by quantum fluctuations, tends irreversibly to a self-driven steady state with a gap {delta}{sub {infinity}}={epsilon}{sub C}(e{sup 2/N(0){lambda}}-1){sup -1/2}. In weak coupling, this is only half the BCS gap, the extra energy being taken up by the residual collective motion of the pairs.


In recent years, the magnesium alloy is frequently used for automobile components, computer parts and digital camera parts. However, a lot of magnesium chips from the manufacturing process are dumped as the industrial waste, because the surface area per unit volume is wide and the magnesium machine chips are easy oxidized during the melting process. However, the magnesium chips will be able to be recycled by the compaction forming to avoid the oxidation. In the paper, the compaction forming experiments of the magnesium machine chips are attempted by mixing of Mg chips, Al chips and aluminum melting flux such as NaCl, MgCl2. For the compacts obtained, the check of crack, the strength test and the microstructure observation of the compact are performed. Furthermore, the formed compact was melted in molten aluminum. And, the mechanical strength of the obtained Al-Mg alloy is compared with that of the commercial alloy.


The invention provides a super-bright optical whitening terylene special filament for a fine denier industry and a preparation method thereof. The super-bright optical whitening terylene special filament for the fine denier industry comprises super-bright polyester and a fluorescent whitening agent color master batch, wherein the fluorescent whitening agent color master batch is prepared from the following materials by content: 20 to 80 percent of polyethylene glycol terephthalate, 20 to 80 percent polybutylene terephthalate, 0.1 to 2.0 percent of fluorescent whitening agent and 0.4 to 12 percent of auxiliary additive. According to the preparation method of the super-bright optical whitening terylene special filament for the fine denier industry, which is provided by the invention, firstly, a conventional-viscosity polyester chip is selected to replace a high-viscosity chip through a drying viscosification method to carry out melt spinning; the production cost is saved drastically from a material cost; secondly, a production method provided by the invention is shorter in process flow and low in energy consumption; the end breakage rate in a production process is lower; the produced filament can meet the requirement of a moderate and high-strength sewing thread; moreover, the consumption of an energy source is decreased in the production process; the super-bright optical whitening terylene special filament for the fine denier industry and the preparation method thereof have an energy conservation effect.


We have numerically simulated graphene-loaded silicon photonic crystal waveguides. We found that it is possible to create a nanocavity mode induced by graphene, and Fermi energy modulation of graphene enables us to control cavity formation.


Objective To understand the participation status of urban community residents in Yunnan Province in health education on AIDS prevention.Methods Using the epidemiological cross sectional study, self administered questionnaire surveys on the participation of health education on AIDS prevention were conducted in 6 communities of Yunnan Province with 625 urban residents.Results (1) The participation of residents in the region,age,education and marriage were different (P0.05); (2) All the correct answers of AIDS related knowledge was 33.4%;there were 22.7% of residents who thought that AIDS could be cured, 12.6% thought that AIDS was not a threat to every family; the higher score of AIDS related knowledge , the better of the residents'participation (P0.05); (3) 1.0% and 0.5% of residents said that they didn't like their community, 13.3% indicated that they had never heard of community activities, 9.3% of residents said that they could not be helped from community when they faced with difficulties.Conclusions Community residents are still lack of the knowledge of AIDS and the trust and the feeling of belonging to their communities. The knowledge of AIDS related health education should be enhanced in community residents.The mode of participatory comprehensive intervention of health education on AIDS prevention should be developed according to the differentcircumstances of the community.


Anchor bearing plates are used to distribute and transmit the tension of the anchor permanently to the ground. Generally, the RC anchor bearing plate is used. However, it suffers from many problems because it is heavy, and design standards for RC anchor bearing plates are lacking. Therefore, in this research, a composite anchor bearing plate corresponding to an anchor design load of 400 kN (bearing-plate design load of 600 kN) to replace the RC anchor bearing plates was developed through simulation and actual performance tests. An actual performance test to confirm the performance of the bearing plate was conducted through load-loading test using a soil tank, and a load of 850 kN or more was confirmed in three tests. The developed composite-material anchor-bearing plate weights 55 kg (dimensions: 1,000 × 1,000 × 84 mm) and is a lightweight product, as it weights approximately 4% of a RC bearing-plate, which weighs 1,500 kg (dimensions: 2,000 × 2,000 × 400 × 400 mm). Therefore, the proposed plate is expected to improve workability, reduce construction costs, and improve construction quality.


42 The Hearing Journal May 2017 C oncussions are something of a clinical conundrum. There has been growing concern that one or more blows to the head can cause lasting brain damage, even after symptoms appear to have resolved. The diagnosis of concussions relies on the evaluation of multiple organ symptoms, but it is important to note that patient reports of their symptoms are inherently subjective. Patients are said to have "recovered" from concussions once those symptoms subside. However, it can be difficult to guarantee that a patient has completely recovered because of the lack of a gold standard biological test for concussions. Neuropathological studies offer compelling evidence that repeated blows to the head cause brain injuries. About a century ago, "punch drunk" boxers were found to have motor, cognitive, and speech problems (JAMA. 1928;91[15]:1103). Post-mortem examination of the boxers' brains revealed consistent neuropathology evocative of dementia, which aligned with their symptoms (Psychol Med. 1973;3[3]:270).


Objective To study the clinical significance of VEGF,adiponectin,and EGFR expressions in endometrial cancer.Method Forty-nine patients with endometrial carcinoma were enrolled as the study group,whilst 44 healthy volunteers were taken as the control group,for the analysis of VEGF,adiponectin,and EGFR expression variations between the two groups.Results The optical densities(OD) of VEGF and adiponectin in the study group were significantly different from those of the control group(P0.05).The expression of EGFR in the study group also varied significantly from that in the control group(P0.01).Conclusion VEGF,adiponectin,and EGFR may be involved in the occurrence and progression of endometrial carcinoma.


Abstract. The registration between optical images and point clouds is the first task when the combination of these two datasets is concerned. Due to the discrete nature of the point clouds, and the 2D-3D transformation in particular, a tie points based registration strategy which is commonly adopted in image-to-image registration is hard to be used directly in this scenario. A derived collinear equation describing the map relationship between an image point and a ground point is used as the mathematical model for registration, with the point in the LiDAR space expressed by its parametric form. such a map relation can be viewed as the mathematical model which registers the image pixels to point clouds. This model is not only suitable for a single image registration but also applicable to multiple consecutive images. We also studied scale problem in image and point clouds registration, with scale problem is defined by the optimal corresponding between the image resolution and the density of point clouds. Test dataset includes the DMC images and point clouds acquired by the Leica ALS50 II over an area in Henan Prov., China. Main contributions of the paper includes: [1] an derived collinear equation is introduced by which a ground point is expressed by its parametric form, which makes it possible to replace point feature by linear feature, hence avoiding the problem that it is almost impossible to find a point in the point clouds which is accurately corresponds to a point in the image space; [2] least square method is used to calculate the registration transformation parameters and the unknown parameter λ in the same time;[3] scale problem is analyzed semi-quantitatively and to the authors' best knowledge, it is the first time in literature that clearly defines the scale problem and carries out semi-quantitative analysis in the context of LiDAR data processing.


Abstract A new ammonium ion selective electrode has been developed and found to be capable of measuring ammonium ion in the presence of other cations. The electrode's selectivity over other cations is reported as well as its response time to step changes in ammonium ion activity. In addition, blood serum samples have been analyzed for urea content by treatment with urease with no special sample pre-treatment required.


Organic farming has often been suggested as a way of increasing biodiversity in agricultural landscapes, but literature reports a variable success. The drivers in play are multi-factorial and include the particular species groups under consideration, the precise form of organic management, the landscape structural and management context, the area and scale considered, and the historical context. Here ALMaSS, a comprehensive agent-based model simulation system, was used to produce an assessment of the impact of organic and conventional farm types, landscape structure, and management context for six common agricultural wildlife species. ALMaSS outputs can be expressed as a simple index of relative change in abundance and distribution, allowing easy comparison between scenarios. Results indicate that organic farming generally had a beneficial effect, but the degree was variable with all factors considered and there were strong interactions between factors. Targeted managements provided much greater impacts than changes in farm types. Predictions of biodiversity impacts depended on precise inputs, underlying both the view of this system as being complex, and the necessity for detailed knowledge. However, this combination of detailed modelling platform with a simple index of impact provides an easily interpreted method for objective evaluation of impacts of potential policy scenarios.


An apparatus comprising one or more processors configured to implement a plurality of operations for an operating system (OS) platform including a kernel and a user application, one or more shared resource blocks by the kernel and the user application, and one or more shared locks by the kernel and the user application corresponding to the shared resource blocks, wherein the user application is configured to synchronize accesses to the shared resource blocks between a user thread and a kernel thread by directly accessing the locks without using a system call to the kernel.


Local Energy Communities (LECs) provide a framework for community-oriented use of prosumer-owned renewable generation and storage units. For LECs to gain acceptance and eventually become widespread actors in future energy systems, their impact s on the grid and its participants must be investigated. However, the scientific landscape lacks sufficient quantitative analyses that specifically investigate the effects of LECs on the underlying grid infrastructure. This work conducts a case study to understand the system effects that may arise from the local cooperation of prosumers in future low voltage systems in Germany. To analyze these effects, performance metrics are defined, which help to compare the energy neutrality and grid reliability of low voltage (LV) grids with and without local energy exchanges. Furthermore, representative test grids are synthesized by considering the existing (2020) and predicted future (2030) distribution of energy assets, such as photovoltaics, battery storage, electrical heat pumps, and electric vehicles in Germany. For these grids, simulations considering different scenarios, including both the reference and community behavior of their participants, are conducted, and the defined performance metrics are applied. The simulations show that the LEC provides significant benefits in terms of energy neutrality and grid reliability. In this way, this study complements ongoing efforts in the design of LECs and incentives for customers, for example, in the form of favorable tariffs for locally generated energy.