The widely use of inland waterways as a commonly used transport mode is a main objective of the traffic policy in Europe, specifically in view of the expected dramatic increase of the transport flow along the TEN (Trans European Network) as a main economic lifeline of Europe. Even transport operation on inland waterways is cost effective and environmentally friendly. This transport mode lacks of a reliable calculation of ETA (Estimated Time of Arrival) due to shifting water level or other environmentally events. The provision of a telematics application based river information services (RIS) will balance the weakness of the waterway system and improve safety of transportation and integration of the river based transport system to the intermodal transport chain. In view of commercial transport operation the acceptance of inland navigation by industrial forwarders is limited. Services provided by this transport mode are mostly terminal-to-terminal oriented which can be seen as a major disadvantage compared to door-to-door truck services on road. New intermodal transport services have to be developed - like liner service, etc. - to compete with road transport services. Furthermore port operation still acts very traditional and shall improve the use of sophisticated IT and telematics applications. This paper will discuss the concept of RIS (River Information Services) in terms of benefits for inland navigation and the way to deploy RIS in all countries alongside the river Danube. The RIS concept presented is based on the results of the research and development project INDRIS within the 4th Framework Program for RTD in Europe (1995-2000) and on the system actually deployed on a section on the river Danube in Austria (DoRIS) for test purposes.


This article describes the difference in performance of household refrigerators/ freezers operated by one constant speed and one variable speed controlled compressors respectively, especially for their storage temperature control methodology and energy efficiency potential. The inverter-controlled refrigerator/freezer with one variable speed controlled compressor allows rapid cooling function for customers. While this type of refrigerators/freezers under low-speed operation, energy loss due to on/off cycle is reduced, so the energy consumption is saved. From the testing results, the inverter-controlled refrigerator/freezer has more energy-saving potential compared to that of fixed frequency type by 22~34% under ambient temperature at 15 and 30°C, respectively. Some control components were applied to the inverter-controlled refrigerators/freezers in recent years, including variable speed compressor, brushless DC motor /fan for evaporator/condenser, chilled air flow damper driving by one stepping motor, and one more thermostats for temperature control. Each component has its specific function and signal control methods. An inverter-controlled refrigerator/freezer should be operated with microchip and also the power electronic board, so it is easy to adopt digital intellectual control methodology. Under different operation modes and conditions, the central control unit of the inverter-controlled refrigerator/freezer provides optimal performance by complying the predesigned control logistics. This article also gives a preliminary introduction of these components and control methods for inverter controlled refrigerators/freezers.


Let G be a finite group,a subgroup X of a group G is called NE-subgroup of G if X=NG(X)∩XG.By using NE-subgroup,some new criteria are given for the nilpotency and solvability and supersolvability of finite groups.By these results,a series of corollaries have been gotten,which contain some known results.


Review(s) of: New Zealand poetry yearbook, vol. 5, 1955, edited by Louis Johnson, A. H. and A. W. Reed, Wellington, 1955, 10s, 6d.; Australian poetry 1955, Selected by James McAuley, Angus and Robertson, 1955, 10s, 6d.


The subject of the study is the process of active ventilation of wheat grain with variable heat supply.   The purpose of the work is a mathematical description of the nature of the flows of matter and energy in the process of active ventilation of wheat grain.   Thanks to the selected original design of the exhaust coolant outlet unit, made in the form of a mesh spiral tube, it was possible to optimize the hydrodynamic situation in the layer of dried grain. The developed mathematical model, as a mathematical description, consists of equations of material, thermal balances, equations of hydrodynamics in steady and unsteady states. This mathematical model is the basis for creating a material model of the process and conducting an experiment with subsequent data processing. As a result, it is possible to obtain criteria equations of processes that make it relatively easy to calculate processes under various technological modes.


In this study, we consider a boundary value problem generated by the Sturm-Liouville equation with a frozen argument and with non-separated boundary conditions on a time scale. Firstly, we present some solutions and the characteristic function of the problem on an arbitrary bounded time scale. Secondly, we prove some properties of eigenvalues and obtain a formulation for the eigenvalues-number on a finite time scale. Finally, we give an asymptotic formula for eigenvalues of the problem on another special time scale: $\mathbb{T}=[\alpha,\delta_{1}]\bigcup[\delta_{2},\beta].$


Through analysis and comparison of the development trends of equipment inspection system in hydropower plant,this article describes the feasibility and necessity of developing equipment inspection system,and expatiates the software and hardware constitution,operating methods and implementation process of Shuibuya Hydropower Plant Equipment Inspection System.With the application of Code-39,B/S,ASP.NET,SQL Sever2000 and other new technology in the Shuibuya power plant Equipment inspection system,the inspection system successfully replaced the previous manual meter reading methods,improved the efficiency and effectiveness,and accumulated a large number of valuable power plant equipment status data.


Objective— To assess the safety and clinical efficacy of stenting for patients with symptomatic M1 stenosis of middle cerebral artery (MCA), and to assess the significance of classification based on location, morphology, and access of intracranial stenosis (LMA classification) in MCA stenting. Methods— Forty patients with 42 symptomatic M1 stenoses refractory to medical therapy were enrolled in this study. The lesions were situated at M1 trunk (n=13), M1 origin (n=12), and M1 bifurcation (n=17), respectively, which were classified into type N (nonbifurcation lesions, n=13) and type A (prebifurcation, n=11), B (postbifurcation, n=14), C (lesion across the nonstenotic ostium of its branch, n=1), D (across the stenotic ostium of its branch, n=2), F (combinative lesions of prebifurcation and its small branch ostium, n=1) locations, morphologically into type A (n=15), B (n=23) and C (n=4) lesions, and into type I (mild-to-moderate tortuosity and smooth access, n=17), II (severe tortuosity and/or irregular arte...


This study was performed to investigate the relationship between influent inocula and postharvest diseases from paprika of cultivation regions and after low temperature storage period. Seven bacteria were isolated from fruit surfaces collected at paprika cultivation regions and major bacterial genera included Bacillus spp., Clavibacter sp. and Pseudomonas spp. The eight bacterial strains were isolated from five weeks stored fruits at low temperature condition, including potentially harmful bacteria to the human. Five fungal isolates were isolated from either two cultivation or storage period and included Alternaria sp., Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium sp., Fusarium sp. and Penicillium sp.. Additionally, Geotrichum sp. was isolated only from the low temperature stored fruits. Six of the fungal isolates were concerned as postharvest decay pathogens on the paprika fruit. However, all bacterial isolates were produced any disease symptoms when the bacteria were inoculated on the fruits. As result, it is suggested that the primary postharvest decay may be occurred by fungi and then secondary decay occurred by saprophytic bacteria during storage of the fruit.


In September 2015 a team of the Saudi Commission for Tourism and National Heritage and of the Università di Napoli "L'Orientale" started an underwater survey in the area comprised between Yanbu and Umm Lajj on the Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia. The main focus of the survey was to identify the location of an 18 century merchantman wrecked at a reef to the north of Umm Lajj, off the Saudi coast. The wreckage area extends about 40 m in length and 12 m in width. Parts of the hull and of the cargo are exposed and are clearly visible. The presumed stern area is characterised by the presence of a large mound of around one thousand jars. Surveying methods included the use of video recording and 3D reconstruction methods. Meanwhile, handmade measurements and drawings have been used for small objects, such as single pottery artefacts and isolated elements of the hull. A 3D survey of the wreckage area has been conducted by simply using an underwater camera. The images have been processed with photogrammetric approach using the algorithm Structure-from-Motion (SfM). The resulting 3D model has been used to obtain orthorectified images which were used as a base map to extrapolate plan views and sections of the shipwreck and its cargo. The results of the Umm Lajj wreck first survey will be presented. Problems and advantages of using the 3D survey method will also be discussed. Inhalt – Im September 2015 startete ein Team der Saudi Commission for Tourism and National Heritage und der Università di Napoli "L'Orientale" einen Unterwassersurvey im Gebiet zwischen Yanbu und Umm Lajj an der saudi-arabischen Küste des Roten Meeres. Hauptziel war die Lokalisierung eines Frachters aus dem 18. Jh., der auf einem Riff nördlich von Umm Lajj gescheitert war. Das Wrackareal erstreckt sich über 40 mal 12 m. Teile des Rumpfes und der Ladung liegen frei und sind gut erkennbar. Die Stelle, wo das Heck vermutet wird, ist durch einen großen Hügel aus rund tausend Krügen charakterisiert. Die Untersuchungsmethoden umfassten Videoaufnahmen und 3D-Rekonstruktion. Unterdessen wurden Handaufmaße und Zeichnungen für kleine Objekte, z.B. einzelne Keramik-Artefakte und isolierte Rumpfteile, genutzt. Ein 3D-Survey der Wrackstelle wurde einfach mit einer Unterwasserkamera durchgeführt. Die Aufnahmen wurden in photogrammetrischem Verfahren nach dem Algorithmus Structure-from-Motion bearbeitet. Das entstandene 3D-Modell diente zur Gewinnung orthorektifizierter Bilder, die als Grundlage zur Ausarbeitung von Planansichten und Schnitten des Wracks und seiner Ladung verwendet wurden. Die Ergebnisse des ersten Umm Lajj-Surveys werden vorgestellt sowie Vorund Nachteile der 3D-Methode diskutiert. Among the best p r e s e r v e d ancient shipwreck sites in the Red Sea, three date to modern period – one of which is the object of our research.The first was discovered in 1969. It was found off the coast of Sharm el Sheik (Egypt) (Fig. 1) (Raban 1971); the cargo included Chinese porcelain, jars and pipes and it was recognised as a large ship involved in the Ottoman trade with the East. Later in 1994, a shipwreck with a similar cargo was found and systematically excavated at Sadana Island, near Safaga (Egypt) (Fig. 1) by the SCA and by the Institute of Nautical Archaeology (Haldane [Ward] 1996; Ward 2001). Excavations lead by Ward revealed the presence of a cargo which included Chinese porcelain, jars, pipes, coconuts, perhaps also coffee from Mocha, spices, drugs, myrrh, and incense (Ward 2001; 2002). More recently, a group of sport divers identified – off the coast of Umm Lajj, in Saudi Arabia – a shipwreck with a cargo including Chinese porcelains and jars, similar to the Sharm el Sheik and Sadana shipwreck cargoes (Fig. 1). In 2009 the Umm Lajj shipwreck was subject of a BBC documentary program "The Frankincense Trail". These earliest images demonstrated that this could have been one of those ships involved in the Ottoman trade in the Indian Ocean, like the Sharm el Sheik and Sadana wrecks. Some footage from the documentary also proves that unfortunately part of the cargo has disappeared since then. In 2015 a team of the University of Naples "L'Orientale" was invited by the SCTH to survey – underwater – a portion of the Red Sea Saudi coast comprised between Yanbu and Umm Lajj. The first field season took place in September 2015. Given the short time available for the survey, the team decided to focus on the Umm Lajj shipwreck to the north of Umm Lajj, which is to the north of that town. The Saudi-Italian team was composed by seven Saudi divers, mostly archaeologists form the SCTH, six crew members of the Dream Diver company, and four Italian divers: co-directors Chiara Zazzaro and Romolo Loreto, one student of the "L'Orientale" University and one underwater photographer and video recorder, Massimo Bicciato. The team was based on a liveaboard boat, equipped for underwater tourism, and rented in Jeddah, the trip to the site took a day and a half, including the overnight stop at a reef. The Umm Lajj shipwreck was relocated by the crew members of the boat some 23 m to the east of an isolated reef. Once the shipwreck was located, the survey boat was moored in front of the reef and few metres to the west of the site. The reef extends for circa one kilometre north-south, here, circa 250 years ago, a merchant boat p r o b a b l y found a shelter from the northwest winds prevailing all years in this sector of the Red Sea, and subsequently wrecked, perhaps while at anchor. The shipwreck lies on a sandy sea bottom sloping from 18 to 22 m below the sea surface and is roughly westeast oriented, perpendicular to the reef, suggesting that it has been anchored or moored overnight, with the bow facing the reef. We can only speculate about the reason why the ship wrecked: perhaps a fire on board, an accidental impact to the reef, changing of weather conditions or technical problems. The time spent on the site was limited to only 5 days during which the team completed 12 dives, diving two to three times per day in average, in alternated groups of 4 up to 6 people each time. The average depth the divers reached was 22 m and the average temperature was of 29 degree. During this first field season the team completed the following tasks: locating and georeferencing the position of the shipwreck using control points, producing detailed photography and video recording, mapping the site using digital photogrammetry, taking basic notes and measurements of the cargo and hull, sampling the wood of visible components of the ship, for analysis, training the Saudi component of the team. Training activities consisted in describing the main features of the shipwreck and its cargo under16. Jahrgang 2016 · Heft 1 69 Fig. 1: General map of the Indian Ocean.


This paper deals with the support of IPv6 for mobile user groups using the scenario of passengers in an aircraft connected via a satellite link to ground Internet. Several solutions are discussed to support user laptops having IPv6. The peculiarity of the scenario lies in the fact that satellite modems usually offer single IPv4 addresses only. We address IPv6 over IPv4 tunnelling and Network Address and Port Translation (NAPT) with dual stack routers as possible solutions. The NAPT solution is optimized to save overhead over the satellite link, and required signalling to allow ground-to-air traffic is addressed. Finally, a performance estimation is given.


In the current study we evaluated imputation accuracy for Sus scrofa autosome 7 (SSC7) for imputation from a 70k SNP chip to whole-genome sequence (WGS), from a 660k SNP chip to WGS, and a two-step procedure from 70k to 660k to WGS, using Beagle 4.1, Minimac3 and FImpute. A reference population of 168 pigs with WGS data from several European breeds and lines was used to do a leave-one-out cross-validation. Results showed that imputation from 660k is more accurate compared to imputation from 70k directly to WGS. The two-step procedure from 70k to 660k to WGS showed the lowest imputation accuracy due to relatively poor imputation accuracy in the first step due to the limited reference population. Minimac3 seemed to perform best, but with a closer look at the details, Beagle 4.1 outperformed Minimac3. FImpute performed less well, but was not used to its full potential here as pedigree information was not included in the imputation. Imputation from commercial SNP chips to WGS in pigs is possible, in practise with even better results than shown here, however imputation accuracy is limited by the size of the current reference population at hand.


My bachelor thesis is concentrating on current education problem of imprisoned people and people under arrest in the Chzech Republic.


My paper from the Slavery, Law, and Power Project panel at the Association of Documentary Editors Annual Conference (online), July 2021


Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) which have high morbidity and mortality rate is an important health condition that can cause serious problems such as pulmonary embolism. DVT, which can occur during or after pregnancy, can cause maternal mortality especially during the postnatal period. DVT is often seen in the lower extremities as well as having a wide range of risk factors. Gordon's Functional Health Patterns provides comprehensive care and holistic assessment of individuals by evaluating the needs of individuals in 11 functional areas. This case report includes nursing care of a patient with DVT according to Gordon's Functional Health Patterns. Data were collected by face-to-face interviewing with the patient, and care was planned, applied and evaluated according to the model.


The paper based on open interviews、questionnaire survey,uses agricultural park data,modern agriculture demonstration survey data as the foundation to analyze the problem of modern agricultural demonstration zone in Hebei province and to formation reasons and put forward the countermeasures to improve the efficiency. Modern agricultural demonstration zones in the construction in Hebei province have many problems like :the slowly land circulation、the rigidity of the input mechanism,the lacking of main cultivation,the seriously of the shadow effect,and so on; The efficient demonstration zones must have the appropriate construction scale,scientific function,reasonable functional partition,developed technology and the management of organization. During the construction we must pay attention to the speeding up the land circulation,the development of characteristic agriculture,the strengthen demonstration drive,the strengthen of the scientific and technological support,and guide the various resources,the improvement of the input mechanism,etc.


[Objective]The study aims to identify and analyze the drought resistance of 56 varieties of maize of cross combination.[Method]In this study the inbred lines if maize consisting of 9 external(?)maize and middle-late mature maize(6) were tested in the NC II incomplete parallel cross design,54 hybrid combination were bred,Zhengdan 958 and Xianyu 335 were control variety,the method of the direct identification in field was used under normal irrigation condition and drought stress to compare and evaluate growth period traits,morphological traits,yield traits,etc.related to drought resistance in order to evaluate and identify drought resistance in the hope of screening effective evaluation index to make great contributions to drought resistance.[Result]It was showed fhat maize of cross combination was sensitive:plant height,ear height,chlorophyll content decreased and anthesis- silking interval was prolonged.Tassel became shorter,ear became shorter and smaller,bare top became longer,kernels number and ear rows became less,1000-kernels weight and ear grain weight was reduced,which led to yield decline.By using the method of production index of drought tolerance,the results showed that the fortissimo of drought tolerance of the maize of cross combination were Xinzi8549 × ZPL717,Xinzi8717 × Ji853,Xinzi7425 × Ji853,Xianyu335,Xinzi618 ×Zheng58,Xinzi7425 × PH4CV,and their drought tolerance indexes were 1.44,1.44,1.28,1.08,1.08,1.00,respectively.[Conclusion]The results showed that grain yield per plant,ear diameter,chlorophyll content,kernels per row,ear length,rows per ear,1 000- kernels weight were closely related,which can be used as first- rank indexes for evaluation of drought tolerance of maize varieties.The fortissimo drought tolerance of 3 cross combinations screened out was Xinzi8549 ×ZPL717,Xinzi8717 ×Ji853,Xinzi7425 × Ji853,their drought tolerance was stronger than Sianyu335.


The possibility to use the category of «method» in studying literature of the XIXth century is discussed. The main idea is the unity of theory and history, preservation of the notions used in the epoch studied. The history of development of the notion «realism» and changes within it are studied


One of disaster-prone country in the world is Indonesia. Communities have to ready toward the disasters. To strengthen the community's readiness in dealing with disasters, knowledge must be increased. Better educational methods are needed to convey material, one of which is by utilizing technology. The purpose of this research was to build and test the SiBen application's effectiveness as a media for disaster education to improve the readiness toward hurricane in Lubuklinggau community. The method was Research and Development (R&D) with experimental tests, Pre and post-test were applied in this study. Fourty people were given three meetings within 2 weeks. As the result, the participants have shown progression of readiness (t = 3.168, p < 0.002). The findings indicated that the SiBen Application was effective to improve the readiness of community toward hurricane.


The experimental studies of electronic structure of YBa2Cu3O6,9 and YBa2Cu4O8 [1] show the existence of a extended saddle point singularity in the band defined by the plane CuO2. In paper [1] it is introduced a simple model for the appearance of this singular point.Under certain conditions, applied to the parameters of the theory, one could obtain a one-dimensional density of electronic states that diverges like the square root of energy


The current study assesses three communication styles of doctors-directive expressive, relational and thinker/analytical, and their impact on patient satisfaction in primary care centres in India. Most contemporary research studies are in the context of mature (i.e., Western) economies of the world; less empirical research has been undertaken in emerging economies such as India, where healthcare systems work very differently. The results reveal that patients' satisfaction with the healthcare was associated positively with both the directive/expressive and relational communication styles. The rural, low income and the illiterate population in India valued the directive style of communication and were satisfied with it, in contrast to the urban, high income, and the literate population. Severity of the illness, number of prior visits, type of medical information seekers, doctor's gender, waiting time in the clinic, consultation time, literacy, and place of stay (rural/urban) affected the importance of the doctors' communication in the patients' evaluation of healthcare.


The article analyzes the Industry Universities library subject librarian system present situation,and then points out the necessity of establishing Characteristic collection development of subject librarian service in Industry Universities,put forward to the characteristic collection development as the basis to provide subject service method and strategy.


Urban environments are unsafe due to the excess of physical and perception obstacles. This insecurity makes very difficult to enjoy our cities fully. The development of this work is carried out by means of a participatory methodology, in which people with intellectual disabilities contribute. The action proposal is based on the maintenance of a sequence of accessibility and on the principle of place reference. This principle gets that the owner urban environments of the city ensures the orientation of pedestrians. Therefore, the aim of this work is to make an adjustment proposal of an important itinerary within the city. It will serve to systematize a set of proposals with understandable messages and it could be taken as an example for another ones. This action is intended to express that the universal accessibility, in its cognitive spectrum, improves the quality of life of every citizen of the city.


BACKGROUND
Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular tumour in dogs. There is no effective means of predicting whether a tumour will metastasize. microRNA (miRNA) metastasis signatures have been identified for several human cancers, including UM.

AIMS
In this study we investigated whether metastasizing and non-metastasizing canine UMs can be distinguished by miRNA expression levels.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
miRNA microarray profiling was used to compare miRNA expression in 8 metastasizing and 12 non-metastasizing formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) primary UM biopsies.

RESULTS
Fourteen miRNAs exhibited statistically significant differences in expression between the metastasizing and non-metastasizing tumours. Class prediction analysis pinpointed 9 miRNAs which categorized tumours as metastasizing or non-metastasizing with an accuracy of 89%. Of the discriminating miRNAs, 8 were up-regulated in metastasizing UM, and included 3 miRNAs implicated as potential "metastasis activators" in human cutaneous melanoma. The expression of 4 of the miRNAs was subsequently measured using the quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and their up-regulation in metastasizing tumours validated.

CONCLUSION
miRNA expression profiles may potentially be used to identify UMs that will metastasize, and miRNAs that are up-regulated in metastasizing tumours may be targets for therapeutic intervention.


Quantity of the scientific materials in the field of biogas production is growing. Thus, it is actual to provide informational management of it. Previously text documents and not-interactive pictures were used to describe it. The approach to systematization of scientific information on the production of biogas based on the ontological IT platform of TODOS is developed. It is proposed to separate the semantic characteristics of each work for their further introduction it into the IT platform of the TODOS. To construct a system of ranking of previous studies, we have identified the semantic characteristics of scientific research devoted to the production of biogas from chicken manure. Temperature (°C), volume of reactor (l), chicken manure content (%), moisture content (%), active sludge content (%), final solids content (%), biogas production and methane (ml/g TS), methane content (%), year of the research, ammonium nitrogen content (mg/l), VFA (mg/l), pH is final, initial pH, minimum pH, maximum pH were used to create ontology management system of the previous researches devoted to biogas production. The characteristics of the microorganisms were used to create the ontology based system of the microorganism selection. Google sheets was used to create base of knowledge and previous researches. An ontological graph with a ranking function for previous ІНФОРМАЦІЙНІ РЕСУРСИ ТА СИСТЕМИ INFORMATION RESOURCES AND SYSTEMS © Ye.B. Shapovalov, V.B. Shapovalov, O.Ye. Stryzhak, A.I. Salyuk, 2018


OLLOWING Congressional enactment of Public Law 89-97 in the summer of 1965, California's legislature met in special session to consider legislation which would enable California to participate in the law's Title XIX provisions. Implementing legislation, signed by the governor on November 12, specified that a new California Medical Assistance Program, with an exceptionally broad scope of benefits, would begin operating March 1, 1966. This program is now popularly known, and will hereinafter be referred to as "Medi-Cal." The "single State agency to administer the plan," required by Section 1902(a) (5) of Title XIX, in California is the Health and Welfare Agency, established some years ago to coordinate the activities of the State Departments of Public Health, Social Welfare, Mental Hygiene, and Rehabilitation. Specifically for the purpose of administering the Medi-Cal program, a new entity, called the Office of Health Care Services (OHCS), was created within the California Health and Welfare Agency. OHCS undertook some program functions itself, such as fiscal auditing. For the performance of other functions, it contracted with outside agencies, some private and some public. Among these was the California Department of Public Health. This department has long had responsibilities for licensing hospitals and nursing homes in California. It was assigned certification responsibilities under Title XIX, and assigned new responsibilities for consultation with professional groups concerning their participation in Medi-Cal. Finally, within the department a Surveillance Unit was created to ( 1 ) "provide accurate and complete statistical review of vendor activities designed to produce effective program management"; (2) provide data necessary "for determination of reasonable rates and charges for services"; (3) "engage in a continuing medical care review . . . in order to carry out the intent of the law that persons receiving care under the (program) shall receive care equal in quality to other portions of the population." In September, 1967, among other administrative changes, the Health and Welfare Agency removed the surveillance function from the Department of Public Health. This article is limited to describing certain surveillance techniques developed during the first 18 months of the Medi-Cal program, when the Department of Public Health was the responsi-


Blueberry was studied extensively due to its rich nutrition and good health function. The unique nutritional value of blueberry lies not only in its high content of protein,calcium,iron,zinc,vitamin and other nutritional trace elements,but also rich in almost all essential amino acids and functional factors. Blueberry had caused wide public concern by domestic and overseas agricultural and food research institutes due to its potential health benefits of improving the nutrition level of people and prevention of various diseases. In this mini- review papar, the nutritional value and health function of blueberry were introduced. Meanwhile, the problems related to its development and utilization were analyzed and some advices suggested for the blueberry industry.


Since Modigliani and Miller put forward the famous MM theory,capital structure has been the focus of theoretical researchers and practitioners.On the basis of reviewing the capital structure theory,the paper empirically researches the determinants of capital structure and the relevance between capital structure and enterprise value.Then an analysis of their existing limitation is made with the design of the area capital structure presented.


The effects of ground movements induced by blasting vibration on structures are multiple components.In the past,the study on structural response mainly focused on the effect of vertical ground movement,less considering the effect of multi-dimensional movements.In this paper,the structural response under multi-dimensional movements is discussed with time-order analysis,and comparing with that of single ground movement.The conclusions are that the response of structures enduring one dimensional excitable load is smaller than that of structures enduring 3D excitable loads,especially the smaller the main frequency of blasting vibration is,the larger difference of responses;for one dimensional excitable load,when main frequency of blasting vibration is smaller(10 times less than basic frequency),the responses of structures enduring horizontal load are clearly larger than that of structures enduring vertical load,however,the differences of responses between vertical and horizontal loads are not large at the higher frequency band.


This paper compares lending policies of formal, informal and semiformal lenders with respect to household lending in Vietnam. The analysis suggests that the probability of using formal or semiformal credit increases if borrowers provide collateral, a guarantor and/or borrow for business-related activities. The probability of using informal credit increases for female borrowers. It also appears that the probability of using formal credit increases in household welfare up to a certain threshold, but at a decreasing rate. In addition, the paper discerns the determinants of probability of default across lender types. Default risk of formal credit appears to be strongly affected by formal loan contract terms, e.g., loan interest rate and form of loan repayment, whereas default risk on informal loans is significantly related to the presence of propinquity and other internal characteristics of the borrowing household. Overall, the study raises several important implications for the screening, monitoring and enforcement instruments that may be employed by different types of lenders.


Line spectrum pairs (LSP) representation of linear predictive coding coefficients is widely used in speech coding, speech recognition and other domains due to its desirable interpolation and quantization properties. Several methods proposed for calculating LSP parameters have been complicated by high computation complexity. This paper proposed an effective and efficient algorithm APF using Aitken iterative method and polynomial synthesis division. LSP parameters were estimated by obtaining a root of N-order nonlinear equation by Aitken iterative method at first, then decreasing degrees with polynomial synthesis division, and finally calculating quartic equation using Ferrari's solution. Theoretic analysis and experiment results show that the proposed algorithm has not only high precision but also low calculation complexity


In recent years work on policy design and instrument choice has advanced towards a better understanding of the nature of policy mixes, their dimensions, and the trade-offs between choices of tools, as well as the identification of basic design criteria such as coherence, consistency and congruence among policy elements. However, most of this work has ignored the temporal dimension of mixes or has studied this only as an important contextual variable affecting instrument choices, for example, highlighting the manner in which tools and mixes often evolve in unexpected or unintended ways as they age. This ignores the important issue of the intentional sequencing of tools as part of a mix design, either in terms of controlling spillovers which emerge as implementation proceeds, ratcheting up (or down) specific tool effects like stringency of implementation and public consultation as time passes. This article reviews existing work on the unintentional sequencing of policy activity as well as the lessons which can be derived from the few works existing on the subject of intentional sequencing. In so doing, it helps define a research agenda on the subject with the expectation that this research can improve the resilience and robustness of policies over time.


Photoelectrochemical water splitting converts solar energy into clean hydrogen fuel. In this system, the preparation of high-quality photoanode is essential for achieving efficient solar hydrolysis. Polymeric carbon nitride has emerged as a promising photocatalyst for solar water splitting due to its visible light absorption, suitable band edge positions and good chemical stability. However, considerable difficulties have been encountered for the preparation of robust and well-bonded carbon nitride films on conductive substrates. Herein, a combined strategy of electrophoresis and vapor deposition results in robust and high performing carbon nitride film photoelectrodes with good bonding on substrates, suitable thickness for light absorption, and enhanced charge separation and transfer abilities. The unique structure of the photoanode thus facilitates the oxidation of water and leads to an optimal photocurrent density of approximately 120 μA cm-2 at 1.23 VRHE. This work provides new insights for the preparation of polymeric carbon nitride film photoelectrodes, promoting the developments of photoelectric and photoelectrochemical applications based on carbon nitride.


Although home range and ethological data are believed to be intimately related, they have usually been analyzed separately for lack of a practical method of analysis or reasonable model relating them. We briefly review the calculation of some basic home range statistics and modified methods for estimating home range characteristics. A bivariate normal model shows most promise for such use. The additional calculation of eight points on the confidence ellipses for the location points, and for the activity center facilitates graphic representation of these probability ellipses. A standardized distance, which takes into account home range characteristics, is calculated. We believe this standardized distance may be related to familiarity within the home range, and as such could be correlated with behavior.


The problem of securing data communications in civil and commercial space missions has been debated within the Security Working Group of the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems since several months. In the context of Telecommand transmissions, the interest is mainly focused on authentication, more than encryption. The object of this paper is to investigate the applicability of a standard scheme, Digital Signature Algorithm with SHA-1, to the authentication of Telecommand segments, and to discuss the pros and cons related to its adoption in such a peculiar context.


Fourteen mammalian cell strains were studied in the 'stirrer culture'. Fair to excellent growth was obtained with twelve of these strains while two strains failed to show evidence of proliferation. Growth curves, maximal population densities, and recovery following subculture of various cell strains, cultivated in this system, were described. Factors effecting the growth of cells under these conditions were outlined. Growth of cells in methods other than the 'stirrer culture' were reported. The practical importance of fluid suspension culture of mammalian cells, the potentialities and the problems involved in scaling such cultures to industrial size were discussed.


The material parameters of Chaboche nonlinear isotropic/kinematic hardening rule were identified based on the stress-stain curve of DP600 and Hill'48 yielding criterion. A FEM model was established in ABAQUS to investigate effect of different hardening rules on springback prediction for an open-channel shaped part. According to the FEM results, the prediction based on Chaboche nonlinear isotropic/kinematic hardening rule is consistent with the experimental data, while isotropic hardening rule makes imprecise prediction. This is because internal stress and moment of the part after forming are over-estimated when neglecting the Bauschinger effect.


There is increasing informalisation in the public sector workforce, especially at the lower levels. Women form a huge part of the informal labour force. The health sector is also witnessing similar trends where another concept of 'volunteerism' is also emerging, as seen in the Mitanins of Chhattisgarh. The Mitanin programme, considered to be a precursor to the accredited social health activist (ASHA), had started on a different note. It had hoped that the community will pay for the loss of wages in future, instead of the government, so that the Mitanin remains a community representative. In the initial couple of years, the Mitanins were not compensated and later, activity-oriented payment was started, thus leading to incentivisation of their activities. Post-National Rural Health Mission (NRHM), this mode of compensation got cemented. This article will explore how one of the most important agendas during the conceptualisation of the programme, of the Mitanin being able to raise the community's concerns and demands, being a community representative and organiser, was not met and she became a very lowly paid, honorary worker of the government health service system. This article is based on extensive fieldwork conducted intermittently between 2004 and 2008.


A study was carried out with 135 surgeons to obtain a surgical laparoscopic grasper handle design that adapts to the size of each surgeon's hand, in a functionally appropriate way, and has the sufficient ergonomics to avoid generating the problems detected nowadays. The main conclusion of the work is the practical 3D parametric design obtained for a laparoscopic surgical graspers handle that is scalable to fit each particular surgeon's hand size. In addition, it has been possible to determine that the anthropometric measure of the surgeon's hand defined as Palm Length Measured (PLM) allows the design of the 3D parametric model of the surgical handle to be conveniently scaled. The results show that both additive manufacturing and the application of ergonomics criterion provide an efficient method for the custom design and manufacture of this type of specialised tool, with potential application in other sectors.


Treatment of biliverdin IXα dimethyl ester(2)with silver nitrate in alkaline solution gave two violin-like tripyrrione carbaldehydes,one de- graded at C15-C16,other at C4-C5.Biliverdin IXα(1),bilirubin IXα(3)and its dimethyl ester(4)gave the same results.


Objective To research the influence of early intervention on neonatal complications in gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) patients.Methods 84 GDM patients were divided into two groups.45 cases in intervention group were given with alimentary control,adequate exercise and subcutaneous insulin intervention.Results The intervention group had significantly lower incidence of infection,polyhydramnios and preeclampsia than the control group(P 0.05);and the intervention group had significantly lower incidence of giant baby,hypoglycemia,hyperbilirubinemia,polycythemia,asphyxia and meconium than the control group(P 0.01).Conclusions Early intervention of gestational diabetes mellitus can significantly reduce neonatal complication rate.


The article presents the place and scope of testing the NEPTUN prototype spraying system intended for neutralization of total and respirable dust at workplaces in the processing plant of Bolesław Śmiały mine. The testing procedure and the results of dust concentration measurements at each workplace, covered by the operational range of the NEPTUN spraying system are presented. In the final part, the results of tests were analyzed and the reduction efficiency of total and respirable dust at the tested workplaces is given.


The outstanding characteristic of virtual reality (VR) games is the ability to immerse the player into the game world and to support a natural experience. Reality offers a high degree of freedom in moving around, which is accordingly expected by players in the virtual environment. This freedom of player navigation challenges designers of open VR worlds. Players might get lost, get bored, or unintendedly reach the world's limits, which all can break immersion and result in negative player experiences. We identify typical navigational problems in first person VR games and present design patterns to guide players without restricting freedom and immersion. As an initial step towards empirically validated design recommendations, we conducted a study with 88 participants to evaluate the most common design patterns by analyzing player behavior in experimental settings. Our results confirm both the validity of our approach and methodology, and the practical implication of the presented patterns.


tics, photographs, films, and narratives of adventure, each trying to penetrate its virtually empty interior. Antarctica attracts me as a subject because it challenges two intertwined modes of attach ment: cinephilia and ecophilia, forms of love that intensify when celluloid and certain ecosystems draw near their moment of disap pearance. The latter expresses a love of dwelling in the world, the former a desire to dwell in the image. Both often pivot around highly sentimental object relations that in turn inspire lovers to preserve the films and places of their affections. Antarctica fascinates because it would seem to negate the love of both cinephilia and ecophilia. Its relentless sun in summer can lead to snow blindness and overexposure of skin and celluloid alike. Its winter defies vision and cinematic capture altogether (see figure 1). From its earliest "nondiscovery" by Captain James Cook in the eighteenth century, the seventh continent has figured car tographically as a negative space at the bottom of the earth, and, in many of the first films and photographs shot during the long winter, the landscape captured with flash photography produces what appears to be a negative image.1 Stephen J. Pyne explains that through the mid-twentieth century the South Pole has challenged


Based on the work process of LCD testing workshop,the paper establishes system simulation model,works out computer simulating programming and analyses the logistics in LCD testing workshop,and the best disposing plan of op-erators is finally put forward.


The profit distribution model by Shapley model was analyzed,based on 3 factors including risks,technology innovation ability and the degree of cooperation during the the process of agricultural industrial chain running.The correction factor was introduced to modify the Shapley model,so the profit allocation could be more fair and reasonable,which would effectively guide the practice.


Structured programs are developed and documented using levels of "virtual machines". Problem-oriented data structures and primitives, at each level, are programmed in terms of those at the immediately lower level, until available programming constructs are reached. We suggest to extend this technique to assertions by expanding the involved predicates level by level. Using some "level axioms" We want to be able to prove any given level correct without looking at any further expansion of the primitive predicates at that level. The advantages are: i) The programmer may use problem-oriented predicates in the assertions; ii) the demand posed on the theorem prover (if any) is very limited; iii) it is possible to replace the levels not yet programmed with functionally different routines, provided the predicates are also expanded consistently.


I2L multicollector n-p-n transistor structures are used widely in LSI chips. Due to layout restrictions the collector could be at a distance from the injector. In this case, βuper collector is affected by the lateral voltage drop in the base. This effect becomes significant at higher current levels. In this work the lateral base region of the n-p-n transistor is modeled and a scheme is given to obtain the variation of βuwith the base current. The results are compared to measurements obtained using a three-collector structure.


Let G be a simply connected, semisimple algebraic group of type B4 or D4 over an algebraically closed field of characteristic p > 0. We determine the characters of certain simple modules for these groups by calculating the composition factors of the Weyl modules.


The present invention relates to a semiconductor memory having memory cells for storing a plurality of data devices, the selected word line order to the memory cell, a plurality of word lines and bit lines are connected to, and reading the state of the memory cell and supplying the voltage to be interlocked with the temperature in the circuit, in order to read the state of the memory cell and a circuit for supplying a predetermined voltage to the unselected word lines. Depending on the circuit for supplying a voltage to be linked in accordance with the temperature of the temperature has a semiconductor element resistance is varied. According to the present invention, it is possible to perform a reliable program-verify and read operation which, even if they move drain Threshold voltage variation according to the data state in response to temperature changes.


The study of the mobility of the wood products labor force was made in response to a predicted decline in manpower needs for the wood products industry in western Oregon and western Washington. Variables affecting workers' employability and mobility were analyzed to determine the potential in Oregon for mobility within and out of the industry, the function of the labor market in distributing jobs, and the interface between the labor market and workers' adaptations. Hypotheses dealt with social marginalization, defined as the process of becoming economically obsolete, and job rationing, defined as the process by which one applicant is selected over another for a particular job. Because of the size of the population studied (a longitudinal study of 50) a random sampling of workers, and 20 in-depth profiles of workers); and because of acknowledged missing observations, evidence in some areas was mixed, and further research is planned. Data from the study are tabulated and discussed at length. Additional formal education and high firm seniority seemed to have low value, and results also suggested that although changing jobs can be a rational response to a tight labor market, the practice threatens workers' re-employability. (MDW)


Fifty years since Roland Barthes proclaimed the death of the author, there still exists difficulty in framing the nature of interaction between commercial (professional) creators and fan (transformative) authors. In the postinternet age, the visibility of unsanctioned (or tacitly sanctioned) derivative fictional works has only increased, as have the number of commercial creators with experience in creating derivative works for a fan audience. It has therefore become necessary to interrogate whether the author has truly died in the Barthian sense, and if not, what role the construct of the author plays in today's popular mediascape. In an analysis of the Foucauldian author function (that is, the role discursively constructed authors play relative to their work) assessing both Euro-American and Japanese histories of fan practice, a move to a more open-source style of fan practice is evident. The author in an open-source fandom functions as a heuristic device through which fans may access and search the database, as well as a means of decentralizing commercial authority over media content.


Tropical cyclones (TCs) are large-scale natural disturbances that affect the health of managed and unmanaged forests, the urban landscape, and perennial horticulture plantings for many years after the disturbance. Numerous post-TC assessments reveal that tree species vary in damage and recovery dynamics. Guam experiences more TCs than any other state or territory of the United States (Marler, 2001). Tropical cyclones are called typhoons in the western Pacific Ocean, and the island's forests have been dubbed ''typhoon forests'' because general appearance at any time is defined by the most recent typhoons (Stone, 1971). Native tree species possess traits that enable them to recover after TC damage, which is one reason that these species with aesthetic appeal are ideal for horticultural applications. Cycas micronesica K.D. Hill was the most abundant tree species in Guam as recently as 2002 (Donnegan et al., 2004). The pachycaulous stems of this species are non-woody, and stem sections that are broken off during TC damage readily develop adventitious roots and continue growing (Fig. 1A). The species is recognized for its ability to recover from damage after a TC. For example, reliance on C. micronesica tissues for human consumption was historically important after frequent TCs that destroyed other crop plants, primarily because concurrent damage to C. micronesica was minimal (Edwards, 1918). We quantified damage to the C. micronesica population when peak winds of 298 wind km·h impacted Guam during Typhoon Paka in Dec. 1997 (Marler and Hirsh, 1998) and determined that mechanical failure from TC winds snapped stems in 12% of the trees. We then followed recovery of plants that experienced various damage categories until 1999 (Hirsh and Marler, 2002) and determined that 100% of the intact lower stems recovered (Fig. 1B) by formation of adventitious stems on the stump (Fig. 1C), but 100% of the toppled portion of the stems was consumed by feral pigs (Sus scrofa L.; Fig. 1D).


0. This study1 presents a summary of the phonological structure of the Standard Colloquial Bengali (SCB) of the educated people of Calcutta. It offers neither a mass of detailed data nor startling innovations of theory, but is intended to provide basic explanation for someone who wants to know the facts about the phonology of the language. There are astonishingly few straightforward descriptions of the phonologies of the various modern languages of South Asia, and this attempts to fill that need for one of them. Bengali is one of the major Indic (or Indo-Aryan) languages of South Asia; in number of speakers and general importance it is second only to Hindi-Urdu, and in quality and quantity of literary production it is second to none. It is spoken by over seventy million people, somewhat more than half of them in East Pakistan and the remainder in West Bengal, India. There is a standard literary form of the language, the sadhu bhasa, quite diverse regional dialects, and a Standard Colloquial, the calit bhdsa, which is described here.la Bengali is customarily written in a special alphabet of the Devanagari type, the Bengali alphabet.lb Apart from sections in various grammars and historical studies, only three systematic synchronic treatments of Bengali phonology are known to us: Chatterji's Sketch,2 Abdul Hai's master's thesis,3 and the senior author's doctoral dissertation.4 Of these, the Chatterji Sketch, a pioneering study in descriptive


Abstract This article replies to an attempt by P. J. Finglass (The Ending of Iliad 7, Philologus 150, 2006, 187–97) to cast doubt on the authenticity of Il. 7. 466–77, by addressing his arguments on Homeric technique and language, and placing the passage within the broader social and economic contexts of the epic world.


JUST ONE out of three A & E departments allow triage nurses to request X-rays despite research confirming benefits to patients.


. Background: Discovered in 2019 in the region of Wuhan, China, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) rapidly established itself as a major pathogenic agent of morbidity and mortality. France has implemented a strategy to fight this virus which relies essentially on widespread RT-PCR virological testing in order to isolate positive patients. Antigenic tests


Let $\mathbf{G}$ be a connected split reductive group over a field of characteristic zero or sufficiently large characteristic, $\gamma_0\in(\operatorname{Lie}\mathbf{G})((t))$ be any topologically nilpotent regular semisimple element, and $\gamma=t\gamma_0$. Using methods from $p$-adic orbital integrals, we show that the number of components of the Iwahori affine Springer fiber over $\gamma$ modulo $Z_{\mathbf{G}((t))}(\gamma)$ is equal to the order of the Weyl group.


Due to successful noise reduction strategies concerning fanand jet-noise in gas turbine configurations, the relevance of combustion noise is increasing. In order to distinguish between turbulent noise and combustion noise a model gas turbine combustor consisting of a swirl burner and an exit nozzle of Laval-shape is investigated. Because of the instationary character of the flow this configuration is investigated by means of Large Eddy Simulation (LES). Numerical results are first validated by comparison with experimental data. Then a numerical study of noise generated by turbulent flow instabilities is carried out. Providing an extensive temporal and spatial analysis of the isothermal flow length- and timescales as well as vorticities are investigated with regard to the formation of rotating flow-instabilities in the recirculating swirling flow. Subsequently noise sources are identified and evaluated based on the Lamb vector consideration. It appears that the noise sources increase with an increasing swirl number ratio.


The title compound, C12H11N3O2, a hemiamidal, was synthesized by solvent-free aldol condensation at room temperature by grinding picolinamide with isonicotinaldehyde in a 1:1 molar ratio. In the molecule, the two pyridine rings are inclined to one another by 58.75 (6)°. They are linked, at positions 2 and 4, by the hemiamidal bridge (–CO—NH—CHOH–). The NH-group H atom forms an intramolecular hydrogen bond with the N atom of the picolinamide pyridine ring. In the crystal, symmetry-related molecules are linked via N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, involving the NH group H atom of the hemiamidal bridge and the hydroxy O atom, forming inversion-related dimers, with graph-set R 2 2(8). Adjacent molecules are also linked via O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, involving the hydroxy substituent and the 4-pyridine N atom. Together these interactions lead to the formation of double-stranded ribbon-like hydrogen-bonded polymers propagating in [010]. The latter are further connected via C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds involving the carbonyl O atom, so forming a two-dimensional network in (011).


The nonlinear dynamics of micromechanical oscillators are explored experimentally. Devices consist of singly and doubly supported Si beams, 200 nm thick and 35 μm long. When illuminated within a laser interference field, devices self-oscillate in their first bending mode due to feedback between laser heating and device displacement. Compressive prestress buckles doubly supported beams leading to a strong amplitude-frequency relationship. Significant frequency instability is seen in doubly supported devices. Self-resonant beams are also driven inertially with varying drive amplitude and frequency. Regions of primary, sub-, and superharmonic entrainment are measured. Statistics of primary entrainment are measured for low drive amplitudes, where the effects of frequency instability are measurable. Sub- and superharmonic entrainment are not seen in singly supported beams. A simple model is built to explain why high-order entrainment is seen only in doubly supported beams. Its analysis suggests that the strong amplitude-frequency relationship in doubly supported beams enables hysteresis, wide regions of primary entrainment, and high orders of sub- and superharmonic entrainment.


Observation data of 17 bored pile groups and 18 driven pile groups in soft soil regions of Shanghai indicate that settlement of driven pile group is greater than that of bored pile group when the conditions for two types of group in total load, soil situation around pile, bearing stratum, pile length and pile number are about the same. The data show the effects of pile installation on group settlement. Based on concept of negative friction induced by pile installation, settlement mechanism for two types of group and complication of negative friction for driven pile group are discussed.


Mycotoxins are substances produced by certain strain of fungi and they come into the picture on the negative side of food availability and consumption. Among them, the aflatoxins are the most well known and can occur in many valuable products from plant origin, such as peanut products, job's tear, hairy basil seed, dried chili, etc.. One aspect that all these products have in common is that they are produced mainly in regions with warm and high humidity climate. Thailand is one of the world leading agricultural suppliers and is located in the tropical zone with the hot and high humidity climate so the contamination of aflatoxins is an unavoidable problem and must be overcome. In the last 5 years, Thailand received the notifications from the importing country on the over-legislation limits of aflatoxins contamination in several agricultural commodities, i.e. peanut products, hairy basil seed, Job's tear and dried chili. Therefore it is necessary to set up the prevention and control measure of aflatoxins and to provide the mechanism on the establishment of inspection and certification system. The "From Farm to Table" concept as well as "The Food Safety Roadmap" is the "must do" issue by The Department of Agriculture as the main department under The Ministry of Agriculture and cooperatives which is directly responsible for the food safety strategies mainly on crops in order to control the agricultural commodity so as to meet standard for the sake of safety as well as to comply with international obligation.


Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (IRF) is an inflammatory and fibrosing process that can be complicated by periureteral encasement, ureteral obstruction, and subsequent renal failure if left untreated. Unfortunately, treatment is often delayed due to the nonspecific nature of the presenting signs and symptoms. Clinical, radiologic, and microscopic findings in IRF, if examined independently, are all nonspecific for its diagnosis. Rendering a diagnosis of IRF by fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) requires supportive clinical and radiologic data and systematic evaluation of entities in the differential diagnosis.


The written examination for military course can not keep up with the demand of the development of the era.Military course covers not only the theories,but also highly emotional contents.This article proposes that the evaluation of military course should conform to the three principles of "the unity of knowledge and Practice,that of in-class activities and extracurriculum ones,and that of emotional and knowledge evaluation",and we shall take into our account the indexes from the class evaluation,extracurricular examination,final examination,thus emphasizing the importance of military knowledge,thought and emotional characteristics of the subject and promoting the teaching and learning as well.


&NA; A case of total incontinence that developed after radical vulvectomy and subtotal urethrectomy is presented. Complete relief of the incontinence was obtained after an Aldridge sling operation. The rationale for selecting this operation is discussed. (Obstet Gynecol 64:85S, 1984)


The curative effect of "Hougu Stomachic Capsule"(HGSC) on chronic superficial gastritis (CSG) was observed. 60 cases of patients diagnosed as chronic superficial gastritis by gastroscope were divided into two groups:30 cases in curative group using "Hougu Stomachic Capsule"; 30 cases in positive control group using "Qizhiweitong Granule", no other medicine or healthy food were used and the effectiveness and safety indexes were also observed during the testing period. The results showed that "Hougu Stomachic Capsule" could obviously reduce the integral of clinical symptoms and improve the clinical symptoms such as epigastralgia, abdominal distention, acid regurgitation, inappetence and so on. The general effectiveness was up to 70% with no harmful effect on the patients.


The mechanism of the formation of titanium dioxide ultrafine particles in reverse micelles by the hydrolysis of titanium tetrabutoxide (TTB) was studied, using sodium bi(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT)/isooctane as a reverse micellar solution. The effects of water, TTB, and surfactant concentrations were investigated. The particle formation process was followed by the change of UV-visible absorption spectra. The conditions for the formation of particles were studied, and the particle formation was found to be controlled by the TTB concentration and the number of micelles. A reaction scheme for the particle formation, based on the number of micelles, was proposed, which successfully explained the data for the combined stages


Robotsalwaysworkinavariable environment, sotheevolutional ability ofrobotcontrol software isgenerally required inordertoadaptthechanging environment for various tasks. Software should beabletobereplaced, changed andupdated remotely, reliably andacross its wholelifecycle. So far, mostrobotprograms aredeveloped inanad-hoc wayand areencapsulated ina closed software package. Thisarticle presents anOSGi(1) basedapproach forsoftware evolution of robotcontrol. OSGi provides a dynamic, extensible and versatile software platform fordynamicconfiguration of software components, i.e. bundles. Usingitscharacteristics of dynamicloading, updateand reference management, the primitive behaviors ofa robotareimplemented asdifferent bundles inOSGiandthecomplex tasksofa robotcanbe realized by configuration ofinteractions andco-operations amongthebundles through a ManagerBundle. Itfacilitates control strategy evolution andmakesrobotsoftware more flexible andextensible. Thesystem isdesigned fortheMiddleo SizeLeagueinRoboCup(2) andtoprovide asoftware evolution framework forconvenient andimmediate updateofmatch strategies.


The chemical composition is reported of the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of Spathodea campanulata P. Beauv. (Bignoniaceae) flowers collected in the Andes region of Venezuela. Thirty compounds were characterized, representing 96.5% of the total oil composition; benzyl benzoate (17.5%) was the major constituent. Others major components were a mixture of geranyl acetone with α-humulene (12.7%), β-caryophyllene (9.5%), farnesyl acetone (6.0%), aromadendrene (4.3%), α-gurjunene (3.9%) and tricosane (3.7%). This is the first report related to the chemical composition of the essential oil of S. campanulata flowers.


A mixture experiment involves varying the proportions of two or more ingredients, called components of the mixture, and studying the changes that occur in the measured properties (responses) of the...


A gate-defined quantum dot (QD) in an InAs nanowire is fabricated on top of a quantum point contact realized in a two-dimensional electron gas. The strong coupling between these two quantum devices is used to perform time-averaged as well as time-resolved charge detection experiments for electron flow through the quantum dot. We demonstrate that the Fano factor describing shot noise or time-correlations in single-electron transport depends in the theoretically expected way on the asymmetry of the tunneling barriers even in a regime where the thermal energy kBT is comparable to the single-particle level spacing in the dot.


A field experiment explored whether a female shopper's appearance would influence the customer service she received. Specifically, a female confederate dressed in formal work clothes (skirt and blouse) or informal gym clothes (tights and t-shirt) entered a series of randomly selected women's clothing stores in a large mall and proceeded to "shop." The amount of time that passed before an employee approached and acknowledged the confederate served as the dependent variable. As hypothesized, she was acknowledged significantly sooner when formally attired than when informally dressed. Thus, clothing, like other aspects of appearance, influences how people are evaluated and treated by others.


Creating a forensic copy (image) of a hard disk drive is one of the fundamental tasks a computer forensic analyst must perform. Time is often critical, and there is a need to consider a trade-off between a number of factors to achieve best results. This paper reports the results from an exploratory study into the impact of using disk drive compression on the time needed to image (and verify) a hard disk drive. It was found that time reduction may be achieved once the trade-off of contributing variables was properly estimated. The findings led the investigators to suggest a step-by-step decision making process for analysts when considering disk compression as a means for reducing total image processing time.


The MeerKAT telescope is a precursor experiment to the full Square Kilometre Array. The latter's potential to explore the nature of dark matter, via indirect detection, has received attention previously in the literature. In this work, we demonstrate the potential of MeerKAT to make initial forays into the dark matter parameter space through a Stimela-based simulation framework. In particular, we show that 20 hr MeerKAT observations at U- and L-band of the dwarf galaxy Reticulum II can improve the constraints on WIMP dark matter by a factor of 3 compared to current gamma-ray observations. Furthermore, these MeerKAT constraints are an order magnitude better than Fermi-LAT estimates from similar galaxies.


This study seeks to understand the situation to help foreigners adapt to college life, and to determine the effect of international students' situational factors such as Korean language level, part-time job time, part-time job income, and interpersonal skills. A survey was conducted on 198 foreign students attending University K located in Metropolitan City D. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test were conducted to investigate college life adaptation and interpersonal skills according to the factors of foreign students. This study identified Pearson correlation coefficients between Korean language level, part-time job time, part-time job income, interpersonal skills, and college life adaptation. In addition, multiple regression analysis established the effect of the aforementioned factors. College life adaptation and interpersonal skills showed an intermediate level, and the relationship between the Korean language level, interpersonal skills, and college life adaptation exhibited a positive correlation. Part-time job hours displayed a positive correlation. Korean language level and interpersonal skills had a positive effect on college life adaptation, but part-time job hours and income did not affect college life adaptation. This study suggests that a program that can increase the level of Korean and interpersonal skills is needed.


Introduction: 'Sa Vie Etrange Autour de Nous' 1. Writing like a state: the question of anthropology and the colonial origins of politicized ethnography 2. The lies that empire tells itself when times are easy 3. 'Au Coin des Rues Diderot et Moise': the ethnography of the esoteric and the politics of religious sociability 4. 'Les Mauvais Genies Dans Tous les Contes de Fees': the ethnography of popular religion and the fashioning of Algerian primitivism 5. 'Have You Need of a Model, He Will Furnish One on Command': the gendering of morality and the production of difference in colonial ethnography 6. Discipline and publish: militant ethnography and crimes against culture Conclusion.


Real-time systems have been a major focus for a large number of critical applications for about 40 years, starting shortly after the advent of the digital computer. Many highly successful realtime systems have been developed for a wide variety of applications, including military systems(e.g., C-{ 3}1, Flight Control, Spacecraft Control, Global Positioning Systems), consumer products(e.g., microwave ovens, automobile engine controls), medical (e.g., radiography equipment), civil agencies(e.g., air traffic control, Internal Revenue Service), and Manufacturing (e.g., petrochemical production). In this talk, the software and systems architectures of these systems will be examined, both for their similarities and their significant differences. The architecture of successful real-time systems fits into a small number of patterns, each with a set of critical characteristics. An understanding of these characteristics can make it possible not only to create predictably successful systems, but also to avoid some of the most important problems that have resulted in some notable system failures. A taxonomy of real-time architectures will be proposed and analyzed: Timeline i.e., cyclic executive, Event-driven (both periodic and aperiodic), Pipelined, and Client-Server.


At the crossroads of an enduring economic crisis and a collapsed round of negotiations at the World Trade Organization, the time is ripe for a fundamental debate about the purpose of international economic law. Andrew Lang's World Trade Law after Neoliberalism: Re-Imagining the Global Economic Order aims to 'clear the ground' to do exactly this. The book makes two major claims. First, that neoliberalism has deprived the trade regime of an overarching purpose and led to a false notion of global trade as a legalistic and technical endeavour. Second, that human rights critique, which is often perceived as the main antagonist of the neoliberal trade regime, is in fact 'inadvertently complicit in the basic neoliberal move of occluding the question of collective purpose in the conduct of international economic governance' (p. 10). Lang's argument is far-reaching, as he fundamentally challenges the dominant normative orientation of trade law and its professionals, which arguably contributed to the regime's current legitimacy crisis (p. 9). He does not offer his own thoughts on the contours of a revised purpose, however. The book's primary aim is 'to re-open space for the imagination and contestation of appropriate collective purposes on which to found the practice of international economic governance' (p. 7). The author strongly rejects the commonly held notion that neoliberalism and the international trade regime are historically aligned (p. 3). Instead he draws upon John Ruggie's characterization of the GATT as a compromise of 'embedded liberalism', which reconciles the values of multilateral trade and domestic interventionist policies.1 Embedded liberalism thus reflects the different concerns of the main negotiating states during the post-war years. While the United Kingdom charted a Keynesian approach and prioritized full employment and stability, the United States


ABSTRACT PERFORMANCES of fifth wheel, front wheel, and single-beam radar vehicle ground speed sensors were evaluated on an agricultural tractor at operating speeds of 4, 7 and 10 km/h. Surface conditions included a smooth, non-deformable surface, soils subjected to various levels of tillage, and a range of vegetative covers. Based upon calibration values obtained for each sensor during tractor operation over the smooth, non-deformable surface, radar generally produced more accurate indications of true ground speeds than sensors with ground-contacting wheels. Coefficients of variation in indicated ground speed over time were also generally less for the radar unit than for either fifth wheel or front wheel units. The magnitude of the slip between the ground-contacting wheels and the tractive surface varied inversely with surface firmness. Thus, speed sensors having ground-contacting wheels should be calibrated for the specific surface conditions over which vehicle velocity measurement is to be obtained.


PURPOSE: A method for processing the surface of a semiconductor substrate is provided to etch a damage layer to form a concavo-convex shape after the semiconductor substrate is lapped, to perform a polishing process after a polishing surface area is reduced, and to completely remove the damage layer without several surface processes. CONSTITUTION: The surface of a semiconductor substrate is lapped(S100). The lapped surface of the semiconductor substrate is etched to form a concavo-convex shape(S200). The concavo-convex-shaped surface is polished(S300). [Reference numerals] (S100) Lap the surface of a semiconductor substrate; (S200) Etch into a concavo-convex shape; (S300) Perform polishing


Objective To construct the human interleukin-10/augmenter of regeneration fused gene and its eukaryotic expression plasmid vector and demonstrate its expression in L02 hepatocyte. Methods The human interleukin-10 gene and human augmenter of regeneration gene were ligated with a specially designed oligonucleotide, whose corresponding amino acid sequence was rich of hydrophobic amino acid residues (Gly-Ser)n. L02 hepatocytes were transfected with the fused gene plasmid vector, and its expression was detected by RT-PCR. Results The hIL-10/ALR fused gene was successfully constructed and could be effectively expressed in L02 hepatocytes. Conclusion The hIL-10 and hALR gene may realize to show their corresponsive function with the fused gene transduction, and set up an effective approach to exploration of gene therapy of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.


This article investigates how well kindergarten phonological awareness (PA) and naming speed (NS) account for reading development to Grade 5. The authors use regression analyses to predict reading development, with mental ability and prior achievement controlled, and follow the reading development of children having combinations of adequate or inadequate PA and NS. PA was most strongly related to reading in the first 2 years of school, and NS's initially weaker relationship increased with grade level. Children with weak PA and slow NS were most likely to develop reading difficulties by Grade 5, followed by children with slow NS alone. The authors discuss the roles of NS and PA in reading development and the need to clarify the constructs underlying NS. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)


Brian S. Comer, Blanca Camoretti-Mercado, Paul C. Kogut, Andrew J. Halayko, Julian Solway, and William T. Gerthoffer Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama; Center for Personalized Medicine and Genomics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida; Department of Medicine and Institute for Translational Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Departments of Physiology and Pathophysiology, and Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; and Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois


Simple Summary We use RNA-seq analysis to identify genes that may contribute to mutant p53-mediated prostate cancer initiation in a genetically engineered mouse model (B6.129S4-Trp53tm3.1Tyj/J). A total of 1378 differentially expressed genes, including wildtype p53 target genes (e.g. Cdkn1a, Bax, Bcl2, Kras, Mdm2), p53 gain-of-function-related genes (Mgmt, Id4), and prostate cancer-related genes (Cav-1, Raf1, Kras), were identified. Mice that were homozygous or heterozygous for the Trp53 R270H mutation developed grade one PIN lesions at 3 months and 5 months, respectively, whereas wildtype mice did not develop PIN. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed decreased levels of irradiation-mediated apoptosis in homozygous and heterozygous mice when compared to wildtype counterparts, and this aligned with observed differences in apoptosis-related gene expression. Abstract We previously demonstrated that the Trp53-R270H mutation can drive prostate cancer (CaP) initiation using the FVB.129S4 (Trp53tm3Tyj/wt); FVB.129S (Nkx3-1tm3(cre)Mmswt) genetically engineered mouse model (GEM). We now validate this finding in a different model (B6.129S4-Trp53tm3.1Tyj/J mice) and use RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) to identify genes which may contribute to Trp53 R270H-mediated prostate carcinogenesis. Wildtype (Trp53WT/WT), heterozygous (Trp53R270H/WT), and homozygous mice (Trp53R270H/R270H) were exposed to 5 Gy irradiation to activate and stabilize p53, and thereby enhance our ability to identify differences in transcriptional activity between the three groups of mice. Mouse prostates were harvested 6 h post-irradiation and processed for histological/immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis or were snap-frozen for RNA extraction and transcriptome profiling. IHC analyses determined that presence of the Trp53-R270H mutation impacts apoptosis (lower caspase 3 activity) but not cell proliferation (Ki67). RNA-Seq analysis identified 1378 differentially expressed genes, including wildtype p53 target genes (E.g., Cdkn1a, Bax, Bcl2, Kras, Mdm2), p53 gain-of-function (GOF)-related genes (Mgmt, Id4), and CaP-related genes (Cav-1, Raf1, Kras). Further understanding the mechanisms which contribute to prostate carcinogenesis could allow for the development of improved preventive methods, diagnostics, and treatments for CaP.


Extract: Additional lipids have been tested to determine whether they share with soya bean phospholipids (SBP) and dilinoleyl lecithin (DLL) the ability to sensitize the pregnant rabbit uterus to oxytocin, which permits the induction of premature labor at a time otherwise not possible. Comparable activity was given by none of the compounds tested intravenously but was given by methyl linoleate and methyl arachidonate administered by the intrauterine route, both at a dose of 1 g; abortion rates for these compounds were 69% ± 4.3% and 79% ± 7.8%, respectively. These values do not differ significantly from those for intravenous SBP and DLL.Speculation: All highly active compounds thus far found have either linoleate or arachidonate as a part of their molecule. These essential fatty acids are precursors of prostaglandin E or F 2α, both of which can stimulate myometrial contractions in the pregnant rabbit uterus and cause luteolysis. We postulate that active lipids act by conversion to prostaglandins, which in turn prepare the uterus for delivery. Both the time interval required to achieve this effect and the ability of progesterone to block it suggest that the prostaglandins act by luteolysis rather than by stimulation of myometrial contractions.


The Thesis advances methods of urban analysis based on the assemblage theory by increasing its capacity to address changes in built environment and relating them to persistences of the identity of place. In urban theory, the identity of place is defined as specific quality arising from a certain location, and highly related to its durability. The methodology proposed and tested in this thesis approaches place in its complexity and analyses the dynamics of change of a concrete place as a whole. The dynamics of change contribute to the persistence, which itself defines the identity of the place. The Yanesen precinct of Tokyo was selected because of its peculiar urban character, which remains strongly associated with urban forms and practices of the past (Edo period), although the components of its built environment have dramatically changed, leaving almost no original buildings. The methodology applied was developed on the basis of assemblage theory and issues arising from the particularity of the Yanesen itself. The resulting assembled method brings together various tools and methods, in order to approach the totality of the place identity with due sensibility, addressing the built environment as a dynamic and complex assemblage system. This study has shown that application of assemblage theory in place theory is possible and useful for better understanding of the identity of places and built environments in their full physical complexity and dynamics. Methodological advancements developed here contribute to the analysis in the fields of urban morphological preservation and conservation. The project refines analytical tools in urban morphology by providing a broader view of persistences in definition of the identity of place, in which the concrete elements of built environment are not necessarily conserved. That is related to an approach to built environments as dynamic systems, which can have multiple states which demand neither total conservation nor complete change. The study also provides methodological contributions to analyses in the field of place making by broadening the scope and including commonly overlooked ordinary urban places and practices. The refined method enabled observation of processes which are usually hidden behind the expressiveness of the various elements of built environment. That remains of particular interest for further developments in the analysis of places. Finally, this study has contributed to the assemblage theory itself by refining the core concepts and definitions of identity and becoming. The findings from the specific case study of Yanesen are potentially contributing to better understanding of places in architectural and urban design, thus informing future, place sensitive design practice.


Soybean lipoxygenase (LOX, EC. 220.127.116.11) catalyzes the generation of hydroperoxy fatty acids, which occurs in the first committed step of oxylipin biosynthesis in plants. As industrial interest in producing hydroperoxide derivatives of poly unsaturated fatty acids has increased, numerous attempts have been made to immobilize oxylipin biosynthesis enzymes including LOX. However, there have been difficulties in immobilization efficiency and enzyme stability. In this study, we tried to immobilize soybean LOX on nanoporous Rice Husk Silica (RHS) via an adsorption method and investigated the characteristics of adsorbed LOX in comparison with its free form. The amount of adsorption on RHS was increased in proportion to the amount of soybean LOX, and at least 30-35% was adsorbed. The specific activity of RHS-adsorbed soybean LOX was 73.17% of the free form. The dissociation kinetics of the free form from RHS-adsorbed soybean LOX indicated that the adsorbed form is maintained for twelve weeks and is more stable in sodium phosphate buffer than in Tris-HCl buffer. The optimal pH for the adsorption of soybean LOX on RHS was 7.02. The adsorbed soybean LOX showed an initial 60% activity after five re-use cycles. The results indicate that RHS is a suitable matrix for soybean LOX immobilization and that adsorption is a direct, simple, rapid, and less expensive method for its immobilization.


Artifact Subspace Reconstruction (ASR) is an online artifact correction method for multichannel data recordings. We recently proposed an adaptation of the ASR method using Riemannian geometry (rASR) and found that rASR outperforms ASR in terms of artifact correction capabilities and speed. In our previous investigation we focused on event-related potentials and eye-blink artifacts, in this analysis we extend our recent work by evaluating the performance of rASR in preserving a well-studied oscillation (alpha) while correcting muscle artifacts captured in the EEG data recorded with sparse electrode coverage. We use EEG data recorded with behind-the-ear electrodes (cEEGrid) and find that rASR preserves the power of the alpha frequency band while correcting the muscle artifacts in the EEG data successfully.


This study discusses the problems encountered in the use of language and learning Indonesian. Indonesian is often used with many mistakes, especially in the world of education. Students often experience obstacles in understanding and using language properly and correctly. One of the language skills that students are less interested in is reading, due to the lack of awareness of the importance of reading in increasing knowledge. Another problem encountered in learning Indonesian is understanding the meaning of speech and the use of learning media. Understanding the meaning of utterances is often disturbed due to context and indirect disclosure. Meanwhile, the use of deep learning media is still lacking, especially in the use of technology. Many teachers experience obstacles in using learning media, so that student learning motivation becomes low. This study aims to understand the problems associated with language use and learning Indonesian. The results of this study are expected to provide useful insights and recommendations for educators and students in improving Indonesian language learning.


It is intuitive and easy to understand but complicated to judge the feedback type of circuit in block diagram.In fact,a simple experienced judgement method is often used.The equivalence of the two methods is proved by changing the circuit structure of the fundamental circuit,and the correctness of the experienced judgement method is proved at the same time.


Most follicular cell–derived (nonmedullary) thyroid tumors are known to be sporadic, with a close genotype–phenotype relationship characterizing this field of pathology. About 25% of medullary carcinomas are known to have a familial predisposition and the genetic events in both sporadic and familial forms of this tumor are well established. In contrast, familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC) is, at this moment, an emerging, heterogeneous group of diseases with lesions whose genetic inheritance is still less well characterized. The pathologist can play a crucial role in the recognition and interpretation of pathological findings associated with FNMTC. Clinical diagnosis of FNMTC is made when 3 or more family members have nonmedullary thyroid cancer outside (in the absence of) a tumor syndrome in which nonmedullary thyroid cancer is an infrequent component. Because ionizing radiation could mimic a Mendelian genetic effect, this antecedent should be considered a criterion for exclusion of FNMTC. Statistical analyses show that 2 family members with nonmedullary thyroid cancer could represent the concurrence of sporadic tumors, whereas thyroid tumors in ≥3 relatives, multifocal and/or bilateral papillary carcinoma (PC), or diagnosis of PC in men and/or children, are more suggestive of a hereditary predisposition. On the other hand, a familial association may not always be the result of a genetic predisposition caused by a single gene but could also be the consequence of a concurrence of multiple weak susceptibility genes. Finally, familial clustering may be also because of regional environmental factor(s). Approximately 5% of FNMTCs are considered to be of familial origin, and these tumors can be better classified in 2 groups. In the first group, the predominant neoplasm is a nonmedullary thyroid cancer although other neoplasms may occur with increased frequency. The second group has an increased prevalence of nonmedullary thyroid cancer within a familial cancer syndrome with a preponderance of nonthyroidal tumors.


an integral view of any situation or problem. The problem is compounded when binary logic operates in tandem with linear thinking, which is unidimensional and unidirectional in its scope. As a result, there is a continued, single-pointed focus on a single aspect of any problem that has multiple dimensions. Thus, even though there are attempts to include other dimensions beyond profits and growth, more often than not economic indicators get priority over quantitative parameters, and the desired balance between the hard and soft dimensions of


BACKGROUND
Mucormycosis (Zygomycosis) is a life-threatening infection. We attempted to analyse clinical features and risk factors of Mucormycosis cases in a tertiary care referral institution in India, in patients without underlying malignancy.

METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed data of patients diagnosed as having Mucormycosis over a 10 year period of 2000-2010. Patients with a histopathology report and/or a Microbiology report of Zygomycetes or Mucor from a biopsy specimen were included in the study.

RESULTS
Out of the 27 cases, rhino-orbital/rhino-cerebral involvement occurred in 12 (44.4%) patients, pulmonary involvement in 3 (11.1%) cases, soft tissue involvement in 11 (40.7%) cases and gastrointestinal involvement in one patient (3.7%). Diabetes mellitus is the main risk factor, followed by renal failure and trauma. Mean ESR value of these patients was 118 mm/1 hour. Mean WBC count was 20 x 10(9)/L, and neutrophil count 82%. The mean absolute neutrophil count (ANC) was 16.8 x 10(9)/L.

CONCLUSION
The interesting finding in our study was the presence of neutrophilic leucocytosis and high ESR in most of the patients. In a predisposed individual, especially in a diabetic, in countries with high environmental fungal burden; presence of high ESR and neutrophilic leucocytosis with a compatible clinical presentation should raise suspicion of Mucormycosis.


In this paper the measurement of a resistance by means of a Wheatstone bridge in which the detector is a digital voltmeter (DVM) is investigated. The relationships for the determination of the Wheatstone bridge resistances in order to accurate measurement of a resistance are derived. To validate the derived relationships some experimental results are carried out.


This report forms the final work of the Bachelor's degree in Product development, Blekinge Institute of Technology, spring 2014. The assignment includes the construction of a turning device for qua ...


What are the basic subjects of justice-individuals and their actions,
societies and their basic institutions, or something else again? In the
absence of an answer to this conceptual question, substantive disputes
among political theories remain unresolved.'
If, as John Rawls says, "the primary subject of justice is the basic
structure of society,"2 a just society may include many acts of apparent
inequity to individuals, for social intrusions into the lives of everyone will
likely be justified by principles defining a fair share of the social product.
If, however, the subject of justice is identified more clearly in Robert
Nozick's assertion that "individuals have rights," personal entitlements
may provide immunity from assault by principles of specifically social
justice.3 The contest between modern, interventionist liberalism and
libertarianism is thus inseparable from the problem of the subject of
justice.
The disagreement is neither well defined nor resolvable until other
possible subjects of justice are canvassed. Both the idea of justice to
individuals and the idea of just social structures are significantly ambiguous.
They interfere with clear perception of the matter of justicethe
problems of power and domination, freedom and oppression, which
are raised by conflicts of interest. A catalog of such conflicts indicates the
inadequacy of both liberalism and libertarianism. As individualist
theories of justice they lack the conceptual resources for mapping important
areas of the domain of right action, notably that of class conflict.


Purpose: To describe the clinical evaluation of corneal ectasia after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and evaluate risk factors. Methods: Sixteen patients (21 eyes) who had undergone LASIK with corneal ectasia from 1997 to 1999 were reviewed retrospectively. The uncorrected visual acuity, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), spherical equivalent (SE), pachymetry, keratometry, intraocular pressure (IOP) and corneal topography were measured before and after LASIK. The targeted residual bed thickness (TRBT) and the ablation percentage of the total corneal thickness were checked. To determine risk factors, we reviewed 60 eyes with uneventful LASIK for 4 years after LASIK. The control group was selected with matched preoperative SE and TRBT similar to the ectasia group. Results: Five (31.3%) of 16 patients developed ectasia bilaterally and the rate of preoperative asymmetric bow-tie pattern was 64.7% in corneal topography. At the final post-LASIK follow-up, disagreement of apices location on anterior and posterior was 33.3% in the right eye and 50.0% in the left eye. The mean time to onset of ectasia was 26.9 15.1 months and 28.6% developed ectasia after more than 40 months after LASIK. In the ectasia group, pachymetry before LASIK, TRBT and pachymetry at postoperative 2 months were thinner than the control group (p


Aim: Our objective in this study was to investigate ultrastructure of endothelial and muscle cells of human umbilical vessels. Material and Methods: Ten umbilical cords were used for this study. These cords represented periods of gestation from sixteen weeks to full-term. The specimens were fixed in 5 % buffered glutaraldehyde for four hours at 4oC. The sections were postfixed for two hours in a solution of 1% osmium tetroxide prepared with Millonig phosphate buffer. Sections were dehydrated in ethanol and propylene oxide and then embedded in araldite. They were stained with uranyl acetate, examined electron microscopically. Results: Rodshaped bodies were observed in the arterial endothelium in the early stage as described by Weibel-Palade. Large numbers of mitochondria and increased lipid and vacuoli structures and increased Weibel-Palade bodies were also noted in fullterm. the muscle cells of the umbilical vein were characterized by prominent crystalized structures of mitochondria at sixteen weeks.These structures were degenerated at full-term, and myelin figures were observed. Conclusion: The endothelial and muscle cells of the umbilical vessels from early stage to full-term showed morphological changes.


Atkinson et al. 2017 Carriage of an allele in PNPLA3 (rs738409[G], encoding I148M) is associated with an increased risk of developing alcohol-related cirrhosis. In an important study in this issue of the Journal, Atkinson et al. assessed whether carriage of rs738409[G] has an additional detrimental effect on survival in patients with alcoholic hepatitis, the most deadly form of ALD. Almost 900 patients from the STOPAH trial and 2,000 alcohol dependent controls were included. The frequency of rs738409[G] was significantly higher in cases than controls (29% vs. 19%; p = 2.15 10 ). There was no association between rs738409[G] and 28-day mortality. However, mortality in the period day 90–450 was higher in survivors who subsequently resumed drinking and individuals homozygous for rs738409[G] (hazard ratio 1.69, 95% confidence interval 1.02–2.81, p = 0.04). This study suggests that homozygosity for rs738409[G] in PNPLA3 confers significant additional risk of medium-term mortality in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis.