Pourbaix diagrams represent in redox potential - pH space the isothermal phase equilibrium of a particular element in contact with water. The phase equilibrium involving aqueous ions or complex ions potentially coexisting with solid oxides or hydrated oxides is essential in understanding fuel behaviour in direct contact with water. The treatment will describe a method of constructing the diagrams by Gibbs energy minimization, highlight the significant features of the diagrams, and show how the data may be used in support of a mass transport model. Recent modelling activity in our laboratory has put emphasis on high temperature equilibrium involving UO{sub 2} with noble metal fission products. Under lower temperature conditions, defective fuel may come into direct contact with the water phase. The chemical consequences require the introduction of aqueous ions into the computations. The data must be consistent with that for the solid oxide phases used in the U-O temperature-composition phase diagram development. A good test of self-consistency is the generation of the Pourbaix diagram for that element. The presentation will show how these diagrams may be developed by means that do not require an a priori knowledge of adjacent phases or domains. The technique of Gibbs energy minimization will be illustrated with graphical and tabular displays of the steps in this versatile approach. The presentation will conclude by showing how the data may be blended together to understand the boundary condition in the transport of Mo and Tc from defective fuel into the primary heat transfer system. (author)


Introduction: Pregnancy is a time of profound changes in a woman's
life. These changes can influence her sexual behaviour and the relationship
with her partner. The purpose of this article is to study sexual behaviour modification
before and during pregnancy in a cohort of healthy Spanish pregnant women. Methods: This is a prospective cohort
study in which 111 pregnant women took part. They completed a questionnaire
about their sexual habits before pregnancy and at 20, 30 and 38 weeks
(frequency of intercourse and orgasm, satisfaction with their relationships
and pain or discomfort). Results:
Intercourse frequency decreased progressively during pregnancy at all times
studied relative to pre-regnancy periods, to a significant degree (p


Two series of Ln3+-coordination frameworks were synthesized by using positional isomers of naphthalenedisulfonate (Nds) ligands, along with oxalate (ox) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) ligands under the same experimental conditions, namely, {[Ln(1,5-Nds)0.5(ox)(phen)(H2O)]·H2O}n (Ln = Eu (1), La (2), and Sm (3)), [La(2,6-Nds)(ox)0.5(phen)2(H2O)]n (4) and [Ln(2,6-Nds)0.5(ox)(phen)(H2O)]n (Ln = Eu (5), Gd (6), and Tb (7)). Compounds 4 and 5–7 show different grid-like layers with a {63} topology based on [LaO5N4] and [LnO6N2] polyhedra as uninodal nodes, respectively. However, the 1,5-Nds-based linker can pillar into a high dimensionality pillared-layer microporous motif of complexes 1–3 with a {36·48·56·6} topology based on {LnO7N2} polyhedra as uninodal nodes, affording one-dimensional channels. Notably, highly luminescent microporous pillared-layer Eu3+-framework 1 is a promising luminescence sensor for small organic molecules and metal ions, especially for benzaldehyde and Fe3+. The luminescence behavior of 1 is affected by the solvents and the luminescence color changes from red-pink to blue. The possible luminescence sensing mechanism for Fe3+ and the effect of using different solvents on the luminescence sensing of metal ions were explored. It is noteworthy that complex 1 can be excited with a longer excitation wavelength (358 nm), which is an important requirement for applications.


The first step in making decision of intra-cranial tumors is the location of tumor, whether intra- or extra-axial. After localized the lesion we make differential diagnosis that relevant to the location. Once we made the decision, we make the characterization of the tumors. With MRI it is easier to make this decision compared to CT.Meningiomas constitute the most common extra-axial tumors of the brain. Contrast-enhanced MRI can easily detect the location of the tumor, the full extension of the tumor, sinus invasion and/or thrombosis, vascularity, intra-cranial edema, and intra-osseous extension. WHO grades meningiomas in 3 types which are typical, atypical, and malignant meningioma. With structural MRI, MR Spectroscopy, MR perfusion and some methods we can grade this type.Tumors of neurogenic origin such as schwannomas, neurofibromas, neuromas may be similar in appearance. MRI can help distinguishing these tumors with meningiomas. Another extra-axial lesion located in bone or arachnoid is metastases. Contrast-enhanced T2-FLAIR can easily detect these lesions, but inflammatory lesions may also simulate dural metastase. Other extra-axial tumors are choroid plexus masses, non-neoplastic masses (epidermoids, dermoids, teratomas, lipomas). The location as well as specific appearances on imaging will guide us to a specific diagnosis.


COVID-19 AND SEMEN Due to the pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus disease, researchers internationally have started to utilize their efforts in understanding its pathophysiology and method of action (). Ongoing studies have reported that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) is easily found in most human bodily fluids (-). In relation to semen, there is great interest in unraveling the possible interaction between this fluid sample and the SARS-Cov-2 microorganism, as well as the possible long term consequences [...]


Aim To optimize the extract technology of the Favonoids from the Agrimonia pilosa.Methods The content of Flavonoids was computed with rutin as standard substance,and the influence of different factors and levels on the extract technology were investigated by means of orthogonal experiment.Results The optimum extraction technology was as follows: 12 times of 90% alcohol,refluxing 3 times and one hour each time.Under this condition,the content of Flavonoids was 10.52%.Conclusion The extraction method is appropriate,simple and feasible,which provides theoretic basis for the production of this product.


The signing on Aug. 30, 1934 of articles of agreement and affiliation between the New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital, Columbia University, and the Stuyvesant Square Hospital (formerly the New York Skin and Cancer Hospital) marked an event of importance in American dermatology. The merger was a logical one, as the New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital, one of the oldest graduate schools in the country, and the New York Skin and Cancer Hospital, since its inception the largest dermatologic clinic in America, frequently indulged in the interchange of clinicians and teachers even in their early years. As early as 1885 Dr. George Henry Fox held classes at the New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital for several years before receiving an appointment as professor; and during that time he was an attending physician at the New York Skin and Cancer Hospital and was teaching at the College


Taking Suzhou Museum as example, this paper explores the application of art design techniques, such as the methods of linking the traditional with the modern, using light and shadow, compromising form beauty and function beauty and view borrowing in tourist attractions, and analyzes architecture form and style, the application of decorative elements and humanistic concern in the new Suzhou Museum. On this basis, the paper studies how art design can help tourist attractions pay attention to tourists' mental traits, meet their emotional needs and create a pleasing environment.


A fast wave interferometer (FWI), which can measure ion mass density, has been developed on DIII-D for its use on future fusion reactors, as well as for the study of ion behavior in current plasma devices. The frequency of the fast waves used for the FWI is around 60 MHz, and require antennas and coaxial cables or waveguides, which, unlike traditional mirror-based optical interferometers, are less susceptible to neutron/gamma-ray radiation and are relatively immune to impurity deposition and erosion as well as alignment issues. The bulk ion density evaluated using FWI show good agreement with that derived from CO2 interferometry within about 15%. When the ion mass density measurement by FWI is combined with an electron density measurement from CO2 interferometry, Z eff measurements are also enabled and are in agreement with those from visible Bremsstrahlung measurements. Additionally, large-bandwidth FWI measurements clearly resolve 10–100 kHz coherent modes and demonstrate its potential as a core fluctuation diagnostic, sensitive to both magnetic and ion density perturbations.


The closed neighborhood NG[e] of an edge e in a graph G is the set consisting of e and of all edges having a common end-vertex with e. Let f be a function on E(G), the edge set of G, into the set {−1, 1}. If ∑ x∈N [e] f(x) ≥ 1 for at least k edges e of G, then f is called a signed edge k-subdominating function of G. The minimum of the values ∑ e∈E(G) f(e), taken over all signed edge k-subdominating function f of G, is called the signed edge k-subdomination number of G and is denoted by γ′ ks(G). In this note we initiate the study of the signed edge k-subdomination in graphs and present some (sharp) bounds for this parameter.


The electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of the intelligent monitor control system is discussed, with regard to its hardware and software design.Some key problems with electromagnetic compatibility design of the system are dealt with in the paper, and solutions to these problems are also presented


Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune‐mediated disorder of the central nervous system. DMTs effectively reduce the annual relapse rate—thus reducing disease activity—and, to a lesser extent, some DMTs prevent disease progression in some people with MS. Monitoring the efficacy of DMTs with no evidence disease activity (NEDA) provides an objective perspective for evaluating treatment success.


In recent years,some scholars translate "Ontology" and give the new explanation,then put forward no Ontology in China.This point has malady,which make a special Ontology in western history of philosophy equal with the Ontology being kernel question in philosophy.We think that the aim of Ontology is a doctrine about the existence of ultimate.In the meaning there is plenty Ontology in Chinese traditional philosophy,and appears unique style feature.Ontology is kernel question in philosophy and absolutely necessarily content in researching the history of Chinese traditional philosophy,furthermore it is one of essential vegetal point developing Chinese traditional philosophy.


In this paper, we tested for Lévy jumps using the Lee-Hannig (LH) method and verified that they exist in Japanese stock market. We specifically focus on and use data in 2008 since the financial crisis occurred then. We also estimate distributions for the sizes of jumps and their frequencies with the LH method.


This study sought to provide a comprehensive evidence-based picture of the HIV-related issues facing young people across Africa and the prevailing legal policy and programmatic responses. Researchers conducted country-specific analytical reviews of the relevant literature on factors associated with HIV risk-taking and health-seeking behaviors among young people aged 15–24 in six countries across Africa -- Egypt Kenya Nigeria Senegal South Africa and Uganda. In addition qualitative and quantitative analyses enabled an evaluation of the similarities and differences among countries regarding factors associated with young people's sexual risk behavior HIV-related health-seeking behavior and the extent of policy and programmatic involvement.


Ultrashort coherent phonon-pulse generation and detection is investigated in a GaAs–Al0:3Ga0:7As quantum well structure containing three wells of different widths using an optical pump and probe method. The pump photon energy is tuned to the region of the hh1–e1 transition energies of the wells and the probe photon energy is chosen for detection of the phonon pulses that reach the sample surface. By studying the dependence of the probe reflectance change on the pump photon energy, we demonstrate the possibility of wavelength-selective excitation of picosecond acoustic-phonon pulses in quantum wells. r 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PACS: 78.47.+p; 73.21.Fg; 63.20.Kr; 43.35.+d


Controllable axial spectral encoding is shown via selective amplitude-modulation of a space-time wave packet. Arbitrarily-varying spectra along the optic axis could act as a 'spectral stamp,' with potential applications in axial rangefinding or remote-sensing.


The COVID-19 pandemic cannot be allowed to continue. Parental involvement is an alternative that can be used to increase collaboration between educators and parents during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between parental support and adherence to wearing masks in children during the pandemic at MI Sudirman Kedungjeruk. The research used a cross-sectional design with 47 respondents consisting of 5th-grade students at MI Sudirman Kedungjeruk. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire about compliance with wearing masks and family support. The data analysis method used is the Chi-Square test. The results showed a relationship between parental support and compliance with wearing masks in children during the pandemic at MI Sudirman Kedungjeruk with Chi-Square test results p = 0.024, meaning p < 0.05. Parents are the first educators of children in all aspects; therefore, parents determine a child's obedience.


The present invention, in mass%, C: 0.3-0.7%, Si: O.30% or less, Mn: 0.2-2.0%, Al: 0.005-O.25%, Ti: 0.005-O.1%, Mo: 0.05 % -0.6, B: 0.0003-0.006%, S: O.O6% or less, P: 0.020% or less, 0: not more than 0.0030%, and the balance is made by unavoidable impurities and Fe, at least a portion of the surface high-frequency quenching It has a hardened layer formed by, and has an average old austenite grain diameter of the hardened layer 7㎛ below, provides a non-metallic inclusions (介 在 物) less than the maximum diameter of 15㎛ machine structural component composed of an oxide. The parts have a high fatigue strength, so it is suitable for constant velocity joints and drive shaft of the vehicle. Car, drive shafts, constant velocity joints, machine structural parts, austenitic, martensitic, fatigue strength, induction hardening, hardening layer


The study covers specific features of morphological and  structural characteristics exhibited by nanopowder particles obtained by  grinding  a  massive  natural  diamond  and  the method of detonation  synthesis.  High-resolution  transmission  and  scanning electron microscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering demonstrated that natural diamond nanopowder particles obtained by grinding have a wider range of sizes and  a plated appearance, unlike detonation synthesis nanopowders consisting of similar in size and isometric particles. X-ray diffraction analysis and  Raman spectroscopy used in addition to the methods mentioned above showed that  the structure of nanodiamond particles obtained from  natural diamond is similar to the structure of a detonation synthesis nanodiamond. Each  particle of natural nanopowder, as well as detonation synthesis nanodiamond, consists of a diamond core with a crystal lattice related to the cubic system and  a shell containing mainly non-diamond carbon forms with sp 2 hybridization having a  complex structure.  The average particle size of nanopowders obtained from  natural diamond and  using detonation synthesis studied by three methods including BET showed results that are in satisfactory agreement with each other. The average nanoparticle size is about 24 nm for natural diamond powder and close to 5.6 nm for UDA-S-GO detonation synthesis nanodiamonds produced by the Federal Research and Production Center «Altai». An insignificant increase in the interatomic distances in diamond nanocrystals compared with a massive diamond crystal was shown experimentally. The study and  analysis of a numerous images of natural and  detonation synthesis diamond nanocrystals obtained by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy made it possible to establish that  the most frequent defects in nanodiamonds are dislocations and  point defects.


A tandem nucleophilicsubstitution/redox isomerization catalyzed by a single ruthenium catalyst leads to the direct transformation of allylic chlorides into propiophenones.


Two-level coherence predictors have shown great promise to reduce coherence overhead in shared memory multiprocessors. However, to be accurate they require a memory overhead that on e.g. a 64-processor machine can be as high as 50%.Based on an application case study consisting of seven applications from SPLASH-2, a first observation made in this paper is that memory blocks subject to coherence activities usually constitute only a small fraction (around 10%) of the entire application footprint. Based on this, we contribute with a new class of resource-efficient coherence predictors that is organized as a cache attached to each memory controller. We show that such a Coherence Predictor Cache (CPC) can provide nearly as effective predictions as if a predictor is associated with every memory block, but needs only 2-7% as many predictors.


Yb-doped Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO) single crystals with different dopant concentrations were synthesized by the floating zone method, and the photoluminescence (PL) and scintillation properties in visible to near-infrared (NIR) wavelength ranges were evaluated. In PL and scintillation, a broad emission band was observed at 400–600 nm, which was ascribed to the electronic transitions of Bi3+. Furthermore, NIR emission bands due to Yb3+ were observed at 1000 nm. To evaluate scintillation detector properties, the relationship between emission intensity in the NIR range and X-ray exposure dose rate was investigated. Among the present samples, 0.5 and 1% Yb-doped BGO showed good linearity in the dynamic range from 0.006 to 60 Gy h−1.


The development of reservoir description techniques, especially quantitative description techniques of reservoir heterogeneity, sets a still higher demand on the reasonable characterization of the reservoir heterogeneity. For this reason, some quantitative characterization techniques of reservoir heterogeneity in reservoir numerical simulation are put forward, including separating a intermediate layer as individual layer in numerical simulation, reasonably classifying relative permeability curves into 2~3 types when the same sedimentary microfacies has considerably different relative permeability curves, determining the heterogeneity degree of a single grid and studying the seepage flow law of it, and reflecting the variation of physical parameters of reservoir fluid by grid unit. The purposes of the four techniques are all for lessening characterization size of heterogeneity, reducing the difference between reservoir geological model and numerical model, and finally improving the prediction accuracy and efficiency of reservoir numerical simulation.


The western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, is the primary insect pest threatening corn, Zea mays L., production in many areas of the United States and is capable of inflicting substantial yield loss. In Illinois and bordering states, managing this pest is complicated by populations exhibiting resistance to crop rotation, historically an effective strategy to prevent larval injury caused by this corn specialist. Rotation resistance is characterized by ovipositional infidelity to corn accompanied by various adaptations promoting prolonged residency in soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. We conducted an analysis using survey data to estimate densities of western corn rootworm adults in Illinois soybean fields and compared those estimates for two discrete time periods: (1) 1997–2003 and (2) 2011 and 2013–2015. Annual surveys during each time period were conducted from late July through late August by visiting a number of randomly selected soybean fields in counties distributed throughout Illinois. Adults were sampled using sweep nets. Mean densities were determined for each United States Department of Agriculture crop reporting district and interpolated values were estimated to produce statewide contour plots. Our findings reveal a substantial decline in adult abundance in soybean fields throughout much of Illinois. Where significant differences were observed between the two survey periods, recent densities were 88% lower on average than those observed during 1997–2003. Potential factors contributing to the declines we observed and implications for managing this adaptive pest of corn are discussed.


The TREX-DM experiment is conceived to look for low mass WIMPs by means of a gas time projection chamber equipped with novel micromegas readout planes at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory. The detector can hold 20 l of pressurized gas up to 10 bar, which corresponds to 0.30 kg of Ar, or alternatively, 0.16 kg of Ne. The micromegas will be read with a self-triggered acquisition, allowing for effective thresholds below 0.4 keV (electron equivalent). The preliminary background model, following a complete material screening program, points to levels of the order of 1-10 counts keV−1 kg−1 d−1 in the region of interest, making TREX-DM competitive. The status of the commissioning, description of the background model and the corresponding WIMP sensitivity will be presented here.


This work focuses on the calculation of state space for linear system of simple sequential processes with resources (LS3PR). The method, different from reachability graphs rendering high computational complexity, finds reachable markings by combinatorics. First, the set of invariant markings can be obtained by combinatorics if the influence of deadlocks is ignored. Unfortunately, some of reachable states in the set of invariant markings are proved to be spurious if deadlocks exist. Second, we find the spurious markings by computing a set of minimal spurious markings, which can be calculated by a proposed algorithm based on strict minimal siphons. The obtained spurious markings are proved to cover all the spurious markings of the LS3PR. Removing the spurious markings from the set of invariant markings, the left ones constitute the state space of the LS3PR. The detailed method is shaped to an algorithm. The effectiveness of the algorithm is proved by example calculation and analysis. Finally, we analyze the computational complexity of the proposed method compared with reachability graphs.


A fuzzy logic based wavelet-domain contextual hidden Markov tree(HMT) model is proposed for image denoising. This method uses fuzzy membership to establish a continuous hidden Markov random field (HMRF) for estimation of the distribution of the hidden state in each iteration. Using these updated data, the parameters of HMT are maximized. This algorithm introduces intrascale dependence into HMT train which can efficiently improve the expectation results of the HMT model. Experimental results are presented in the end of this paper.


The present disclosure relates to a card that offers the service that the credit card companies that hold credit cards or debit cards can easily do the marketing service marketing method, and computer program for him. Service of the present disclosure card marketing service method comprising: a first card user a predetermined time period and calculates a discount of the first card, the at least having different cards from, or more discount estimated savings of the first card other than the first card extracting a second card, and the server's credit card company that holds the extracted second card, the card name of the first card of the first card users and discount cards with a second card name of the first card and the sending the estimated discount of 2 cards and present your card marketing auction whether on your first card, receive bidding doctors from the card company server, the card of the second card of the tender issuer name and the second card and it transmits the estimated savings to the user terminal of the first user card.


ELIBERATE changes in major public policy are seldom dramatic, tending to come instead in minor increments. Only in retrospect can these increments be totaled in a way that enables whole epochs of policy change to be clearly identified. The transition from a patronage to a merit public service was surely epochal, but the policy was changed gradually by minor increments. And so it has been in the widening of the franchise, the regulation of industry and commerce, the expansion of government's responsibility for the poor, municipal reform, and other major epochs in American politics. The incremental character of policy change has always provided a challenge to the political scientist. As he develops hypotheses asserting relationships between policy and policy results, he has great difficulty identifying and measuring specific policy changes and tracing them to particular changes in policy results. As a question of policy, the apportionment of state legislative bodies has been an exception to these generalizations for several reasons. First, apportionment is rather easy to measure. Second, there is no dearth of hypothesized relationships about the "quality" of the apportionment of state legislative bodies and the policy behavior of those bodies. Third, the change from general malapportionment to relative equity occurred, in policy-making terms, during a very short span of time. Between the Supreme Court's decision in 1962 and 1968 all significant malapportionment in state legislatures had virtually disappeared. Fourth, because reapportionment was more dramatic than most policy change, it is presumed to be easier to trace apportionment equalization to changes in policy outcome. For these reasons, almost all studies of policy results and their correlates include a measure of apportionment as a potential predictor. The results have not been impressive. The three best known measures of apportionment (Schubert-Press, Dauer-Kelsay, David-Eisenberg) have not been robust determinants of either expenditure or non-expenditure policy outcomes. Thomas Dye's well-known analysis of policy outcomes in the American states concludes that legislative apportionment is unimportant as an indicator of policy behavior. All of his political measures are similarly unimpressive as predictors: ".. . the political choices of malapportioned legislatures are not noticeably different from policy


This paper proposes a new method for automatically generating speech synthesis units. A small set of synthesis units is selected from a large speech database by the proposed closed loop training method (CLT). Because CLT is based on the evaluation and minimization of the distortion caused by the synthesis process such as prosodic modification: the selected synthesis units are most suitable for synthesizers. The CLT is applied to a waveform concatenation based synthesizer, whose basic unit is CV/VC (diphone). It is shown that synthesis units can be efficiently generated by CLT from a labeled speech database with a small amount of computation. Moreover, the synthesized speech is clear and smooth even though the storage size of the waveform dictionary is small.


This paper proposes an improved extended finite element method for modeling electromagnetic devices with multiple nearby geometrical interfaces. In regions near these interfaces, the magnetic vector potential approximation is enriched by incorporating multiple derivative discontinuous fields based on the partition of unity method such that the interfaces can be represented independent of the mesh. The support of a node or an element can be cut by several interfaces. This method results in the high accuracy in the approximation field and derivative field. Numerical examples applied to the iron core in 1-D eddy current field involving level set-based parts, error analysis, and electromagnetic field computations are provided to demonstrate the utility of the proposed approach.


Downsizing is an effective way to improve the fuel economy of an engine and to reduce the emissions. For turbocharged engines, further downsizing or increasing the power density requires air to be compressed to a higher pressure. However, conventional compressors have a narrow stable operating range at high pressure ratios and cannot provide such highly pressurized air for ultra-high-power-density engines. Thus, a variable inlet prewhirl is employed to extend the stable operating range of the compressor. This paper investigates the performance of a centrifugal compressor with different prewhirls and speeds, quantitatively estimates the potential of range extension with a variable inlet prewhirl and discusses the mechanisms thought to be responsible for the range extension. The approach combines steady three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulations with theoretical analysis. In order to make the study universal to various applications with a inlet prewhirl, the inlet prewhirl was generated by giving a velocity direction at the inlet boundary of the numerical method. A variable inlet prewhirl from 0° to 60° improves the stable operating range from 23.5% to 49.0% at a pressure ratio of 4.8. The extended range is based on the shifts in the choke line and the surge line with a positive inlet prewhirl. The decreased choking flow with a positive inlet prewhirl is mainly caused by the drop in the work input from the impeller. The dominant factor in reducing the surge flow of compressor is the highly increased stability of the impeller. It is also found that the impeller tends to choke and the diffuser tends to surge with increasing prewhirl. By extending the stable operating range of the compressor with a variable inlet prewhirl from 0° to 60°, the improvement in the maximum pressure for turbocharged engine is about 64% and the increase in the brake torque is estimated to be up to 42%.


We have found that epitaxial MgO(111) thin films grow under a wide range of deposition conditions (substrate temperatures of 400–800 °C, oxygen partial pressures of 10-4–100 Pa) on α-Al2O3(0001) substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD), despite the strongly divergent electrostatic potential of MgO(111). The surfaces of the resulting thin films show step-and-terrace structures reflecting the surface of α-Al2O3(0001) with a small root-mean-square roughness of 0.62 nm even at a film thickness of 80 nm. These results present the possibility of fabricating various artificial oxide structures using flat MgO(111) films produced by a conventional PLD technique.


We describe the kernel of the canonical map from the Floyd boundary of a relatively hyperbolic group to its Bowditch boundary. We then prove that a finitely generated group H admitting a quasi-isometric map ' into a relatively hyperbolic group G is relatively hyperbolic with respect to a system of subgroups whose image under ' is situated within a uniformly bounded distance from the parabolic subgroups of G.


The present invention relates to a structure of formula I as novel compounds: any of its stereoisomeric forms in any ratio, or a mixture of stereoisomeric forms, or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the substituents are as described herein. Having CXCR5 inhibitory activity of the present invention is a compound related to various inflammatory diseases, treatment or prevention of the human CXCR5 receptor modulator, such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, lupus, Crohn's disease, are particularly useful of.


Report writing and documentation is one of the most time-consuming and critical aspects of providing patient-care services. Domenech et al collected data on personnel time use in a general hospital and found that physical therapists spent 9.56 percent of their time in activities related to preparing and keeping records.1 Health-care professionals continually seek methods to facilitate report writing and documentation. Such methods must be flexible to accommodate different writing styles and allow for individualization of reports among staff members.2

The purpose of this article is to present a method of report writing that is both efficient and flexible. Physical therapists and occupational therapists at a major developmental evaluation center designed the method. This format for a word processor was originally prepared for pediatric assessment, but it is easily adapted for use in other settings.


In wireless communications networks, systems and methods that allow simultaneous voice and data communications over a communication channel having a single assigned Walsh code pairs. Conversion server incoming data from a mobile communication device, and relays the starting data to the mobile communications device, the voice data into data packets, preferably into a IP protocol. In transmission, the packets with voice data are sent to the communication server hosting the communication channel for the mobile device, along with non-voice data packets, carrying a single communication channel to other mobile devices. In reception, the voice data packets can be returned to analog voice data in the conversion server, or, alternatively, the mobile device may handle isolation and conversion of voice data from the received data packet. .FIELD 4


Due to the rapid growth of high performance electronics devices accompanied by overheating problem, heat dissipater nanocomposites material having ultra-high thermal conductivity and low coefficient of thermal expansion was proposed. In this work, a nanocomposite material made of copper (Cu) reinforced by multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) up to 10 vol. % was prepared and their thermal behaviour was measured experimentally and evaluated using numerical simulation. In order to numerically predict the thermal behaviour of Cu/CNTs composites, three different prediction methods were performed. The results showed that rules of mixture method records the highest thermal conductivity for all predicted composites. In contrast, the prediction model which takes into account the influence of the interface thermal resistance between CNTs and copper particles, has shown the lowest thermal conductivity which considered as the closest results to the experimental measurement. The experimentally measured thermal conductivities showed remarkable increase after adding 5 vol.% CNTs and higher than the thermal conductivities predicted via Nan models, indicating that the improved fabrication technique of powder injection molding that has been used to produced Cu/CNTs nanocomposites has overcome the challenges assumed in the mathematical models.


FRP bolt is ideal material used for coal rib supporting. For some reasons, the FRP bolt is often affected by eccentric load which is very worse to bolt by theory analysis. It is first time to simulate FRP bolt under eccentric load with experiment method and design eccentric load experiment. Compared with general load, experiment results show the maximum anti-drawing force and elongation feature have a big dip under eccentric load.


Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of Sanpi Decotion in ulcerative colitis(UC) mice and discuss its therapeutic mechanism.Methods:Forty BALB/C mice were divided randomly and equally into normal group,model group,sulfasalazine(SASP) group,and Sanpi Decotion group(ten mice in each group).After set up the oxazolone colitis,SASP group and Sanpi Decotion group were treated with sulfasalazine and sanpi decotion respectively,to observe the body weight,stool,food and drink situation of the mice every day.Killed all the mice on the tenth day,separated the spleen and weighed it,got the colon and evaluated the histological changes of the damaged colonic tissues,and measured the IL-2 and IL-10 concentrations in serum by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: The symptom of Sanpi Decotion group and SASP group mice had great amelioration compared to model group mice,and compared to model group,the weight of spleen in Sanpi Decotion group and SASP group was increased,the concentration of IL-2 in Sanpi Decotion group was higher than that in model group(P0.01),and the concentration of IL-10 was lower than that in model group(P0.01).Conclusion:Sanpi Decotion is effective for treatment of UC and it can increase the concentration of IL-2 and decrease the IL-10 concentration,regulate the balance of the cytokines,improve the function of immunity,control the inflammation in the colon.


The survey presented is a part of the project SAEKEREKEN where the traffic safety situation in the county of Blekinge is investigated and followed up. The report describes results obtained with data from the questionnaire-based investigation of travel habits and traffic safety in progress in the county and which is also being carried out by the VTI as part of the SAEKEREKEN project. The report presents results concerning the travel habits of people in the county and the risk of being injured in the traffic environment. The results are shown for the county as a whole and for each of the five municipalities in the county. Comparisons are also made with national averages. The survey is an account of the traffic safety situation at the time when the project started and constitutes a platform for future studies. (A)


Introduction: Cross-sectional studies have reported the proportion of African-American adults with controlled blood pressure (BP) at a single time point, but few data are available on the proportio...


the computer-aided faults analysis expert system has been designed to automatically process fault records monitored in high voltage transmission power system. It provide useful information to control centre, protection engineers with the fault conditions immediately preceding any alarming condition or breaker operation. The protection engineers will also detect hidden failure. Not correcting them may cause significant incident in near future. Historical fault data will permit Asset Management Department easier decision making process for condition based maintenance focus on circuit breakers and protection relays. The CAFA is an analysis tool with special emphasis on automatic selection of the most critical events, fault location also on underground cables, protection systems, circuit breaker monitoring as well as fault signature analysis. Fault analysis experts will avoid spending time on data management and will allow them to focus on the core competencies, fault investigation.


"Entropic Properties of Printing with Ice" and "Every Snowflake is a Hexagon", two large-scale unique prints (162 x 176cm each) were selected for the international, world-wide competition: International Print Triennial Exhibition – Falun 2016/17 in Sweden.
The works were shown in two locations within the province of Dalarna: Falun and Smedjebacken. Dalarna Museum is a major Swedish national museum with a focus on Print Art. The exhibition was curated by Modhir Ahmed and Anne Seppanen and ran between 10th December 2016 and 23rd April 2017. A printed catalogue accompanied the exhibition ISBN 978-91-87719-20-2.


Public awareness of and concern over the trafficking of women and children has never been greater among governments, international agencies, and global NGOs. Most recently the USA has joined the global initiative to fight trafficking by creating federal victim assistance and trafficking prevention legislation. While trafficking involves transnational crime, it is the local law enforcement officer, rather than the federal agent, who is most likely to encounter crimes such as prostitution that may be related to trafficking in human beings. This research is an exploratory assessment of the nature and extent of the local law enforcement response to trafficking in human beings within the USA. Though only an exploratory study of a limited number of local police agencies, the findings reflect little local law enforcement preparation to deal with trafficking and general attitudes that would not promote a proactive and informed response to this crime.


Vertical data structure is very important for closed frequent itemset mining. All closed frequent itemsets can be found by simply using the operations of AND/OR. However, it consumes a large amount of storage space, especially in the case of large‐size dataset. This paper proposes an algorithm for mining closed frequent itemsets based on a new vertical data structure. The proposed data structure is helpful to save storage space by using a multi‐layer index. At the same time, numerous CPU and graphics processing unit can be employed in parallel to achieve high‐efficiency computing. Especially when dealing with large datasets, the proposed algorithm can obtain a high‐speed computing with the help of graphics processing unit. The improved vertical structure reduces the storage space of the data. The experimental results show that our proposed algorithm requires much less computation time than other related methods. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This study aims to assess the impact of different temporal and spatial rainfall resolutions on the hydrological response of a higly urbanized area. The catchment under study is one of the pilot locations of RainGain Interreg IVB project, which aims at improving fine-scale measurement and prediction of rainfall to enhance urban pluvial flood prediction within cities. Heavy rain precipitation can cause catastrophic flooding events over urbanized areas. Accurate information about rainfall is needed to be able to mitigate consequent damages. Due to the high percentage of imperviousness and low rate of vegetation interception, the reaction of urban drainage catchments to a storm event is short. Therefore, to describe fast runoff processes and short response times, urban hydrological modelling requires high resolution rainfall data. Here rainfall from dual polarimetric doppler X-band radar, belonging to the Dutch national meteorological observatory CESAR, is applied to an urban catchment of 3,7 km² that has a combined sewer system with 3062 nodes and 11 external weirs, which serve as outflow. The nodes are inter-connected by 3286 pipes. Among the latter, 4 are pressurized. There are also 2 external pumping stations transporting water to the WWTP and the river. The district belongs to a polder area, i.e. below sea level. For this reason, during heavy rainfall, excess storm water needs to be pumped out in the river system or temporally stored.


Combined with general engineering situations the cutting technology of reinforced concrete ground,rebar-planting technology and jointing technology of reinforcement uniform strength straight spiral grains are introduced.The combination of those technologies greatly increases the construction efficiency and ensures the quality of engineering.


A field experiment was conducted on saline soil to evaluate the effects of the application of phosphorus fertilizers,in combination with nitrogen,on the growth,yield and quality of okra.Significant effects were found,especially when nitrogen was applied.With the application of N 300kg·hm-2 and P 160kg·hm-2,the greatest yield,as well as the pod weight,contents of peel pigment,free amino acids and soluble protein,and viscosity of mucilage of the okra pods was obtained.The results suggested that the tested fertilization was appropriate for okra cultivation in the coastal regions in Jiangsu province.


Intel's Channel Supply Demand Operations (CSDO) organization is responsible for satisfying the boxed processor demands of Intel's vast customer network of distributors, resellers, dealers, and system integrators. In 2005, CSDO began a multiechelon inventory optimization (MEIO) project to improve its efficiency and effectiveness by optimizing inventory levels and locations across CSDO's end-to-end supply chain. This paper describes the project plan, workflows, and results. One year after implementation, total inventory levels were reduced by more than 11 percent; in addition, service levels of products modeled using the MEIO process were eight points higher than products not modeled using this process. The MEIO process continues to be in place at Intel and has resulted in sustained reductions in inventory levels, average service levels exceeding 90 percent, and more than an order-of-magnitude reduction in the number of expedites.


This research discusses the conditions in which Pentecostalism can arise as a variable, symbolically relevant, and capable of changing social relations of persons that live in slums of the city of Campos de Goytacezes, which is frequently influenced by drug trade, because they are close to the city of Campos de Goytacazes, which is influenced by considerable violence and drug trafficking. The research studies how Pentecostal religious leaders deal with drug trafficking and the violence practiced by drug dealers. By means of qualitative research – together with contacts and interviews with Pentecostals living in the area – the study seeks to understand how Pentecostals construct their relationship and meaning within a context of violence.


The significance of polyploidy in the evolutionary process of plants history is well documented. In this concern, seed priming with colchicine as well as the cotton-swab method for polyploidy induction in plants becomes much acquainted in cytogenetic study. The aim of present study was to achieve chromosomal doubling by the application of colchicine to apical meristem of young seedlings. The young seedlings were treated with three different concentrations of colchicine (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6%) for durations of 12, 24 and 36 h each. The colchiploidy with highest proportion approximately 50% with 2n=4x=32 was found at 0.2% concentration for 24 and 36 h. Autotetraploid enduring plants were identified with morphological and cytological variations such as thickness of leaf, larger stomata with low density, larger pollen, large flower etc. Buds were selected from these plants for the cytological study. Cytological analysis including chromosome counting demonstrated that the chromosome number was doubled. The confirmation of autotetraploid plants was achieved by this technique. Tetraploid plants were grown up to maturity and the harvested seeds were sown to establish the second generation which may be used in future breeding programme


The detonation cellular structures caused by C_5~C_6 cloud fuel mixtures are studied under the initial atmospheric pressure and room temperature by improved soot foil technique.Sharp cellular patterns are obtained.Meanwhile,the effect of equivalence ratio and initiation energy on the detonation cell size are also discussed respectively.The experimental results show that the detonation cell size of C_5~C_6 increases almost linearly with the increase of the equivalence ratio,but the detonation cell size increases first then decreases with the increase of the initiation energy.Moreover,when the initiation energy gets high enough,the fine structures in cellular structures are observed.


The relationship between trade and institutions has been extensively debated by trade economists and political scientists. The aim of the present paper is to provide some empirical evidence on the causal relationship between institutions and trade flows in a panel framework. We present a Granger causality test (1969) as well as a Hurlin and Venet (2001) test for panel data using a bilateral trade flows panel that covers 29 years. The issue of zero flows of trade is handled by using a panel Poisson Pseudo-Maximum Likelihood estimator.


The behaviour of silica sand particles with mean sizes 0.3, 0.45 and 0.6 mm fluidised by air under pressures from 0.1 to 0.8 MPa was observed in a transparent two-dimensional bed. Minimum fluidisation velocity, bed expansion and bed height fluctuation were measured by the usual methods, bubble characteristics such as the size, rising velocity and frequency by cine-photography. The minimum fluidisation velocity decreased with pressure, explainable by considering the increase of the turbulent flow contribution to bed pressure drop, and fairly well described by the Wen and Yu correlation. No virtual effect of pressure on bubble size was observed but bubble shape became flattened, which in turn accompanied a decrease in the bubble rise velocity. Based on these results, the increased bed expansion and the unchanged bed fluctuation could be consistently explained.


This qualitative study explored 16 undocumented Latinx college students' perceptions of campus climate through the lens of sense of belonging. Barriers to belonging include: (a) experiencing racism and hostility from majoritized students, (b) limited visibility of other Latinx and/or undocumented students, and (c) blocked social opportunities. Pathways to belonging include identity-based student organization involvement. A discussion of the culturally engaging campus environment model explores promoting sense of belonging, followed by recommendations for future research.


The combat task allocation is not only the core of airborne fire control system of modern multi-purposed battle plane, but also is it the key point of task management system. First of all, using the method of information entropy, which combined subjective and objective factors, to analyze task priority under multi-target attack condition, and then building the efficiency matrix about sensors acting on tasks, on the basis of which, the ant colony algorithm was used to analyze the best allocation scheme. The result of simulation indicates that the model of task allocation is practical and feasible under the multi-target attack condition.


Context. Ellerman bombs (EBs) are enhanced emission in the wings of the H α line in the solar spectrum. Aims. We study the structure of an EB in the photosphere and chromosphere. Methods. We analyze simultaneous observations of four chromospheric lines (H α , Ca ii H, Ca ii IR854 nm, and He i 1083 nm) as well as two photospheric lines (Fe i 630 and Si i 1082.7 nm) along with high-cadence 160 and 170 nm ultraviolet (UV) continuum filtergrams. Full Stokes data from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) are used to trace the temporal evolution of the magnetic structure. Results. We identify the EB by excess emission in the wings of the H α line, a brightening in the UV continuum, and large emission peaks in the core of the two Ca ii lines. The EB shows a blueshift in all chromospheric lines, while no shifts are observed in the photospheric lines. The blueshift in the chromospheric layer causes very asymmetric emission peaks in the Ca ii H line. The photospheric Si i spectral line shows a shallower line depth at the location of the EB. The UV continuum maps show that the EB was substantially brighter than its surroundings for about 30 min. The continuum contrast of the EB from 170 nm to 1080 nm shows a power-law dependency on the wavelength. The temperature enhancement amounts to 130 K in the low photosphere and 400 K at the temperature minimum level. This temperature excess is also seen in an LTE inversion of the Ca ii spectra. The total thermal and radiative energy content of the EB is about 10 20 J and 10 18 J in the photosphere and chromosphere, respectively. The HMI data hints at a photospheric magnetic flux cancellation as the driver of the EB. Conclusions. Ellerman bombs release the energy in a height range of several pressure scale heights around the temperature minimum such that they a ff ect both the photosphere and the lower chromosphere.


Background To persistently engage in academic tasks and efficiently process cognitively demanding material in school, successful learners must employ various self-regulatory systems—including the regulation of emotional experiences and expressions—in response to social and task-specific demands. Furthermore, emotional information helps students derive meaning from and assign causal attributions to events such as academic and social experiences, which influence motivation for action. Thus, it is important to understand the interplay between learners' emotions and the school environment. Research Questions Two research questions were addressed: (1) What patterns of emotional expression/suppression and emotion coaching opportunities did youth perceive in their relationships with school-based adults? and (2) What social processes do youth attribute to patterns of emotional expression or suppression? Participants Youth from urban high schools (N = 72) in California, Minnesota, and Pittsburgh participated in the study. Research Design Facilitators used a semiflexible protocol to prompt youth in 10 focus groups to discuss identity and relational development. Data Collection and Analysis Focus group sessions were recorded, and NVivo9 software was used to iteratively code and analyze verbatim transcripts. Findings Analyses revealed a strong pattern of emotional suppression in the context of relationships with educators paired with high valuation of opportunities for emotional expression. Sustained emotional suppression was commonly attributed to social expectations in schools. We discuss these results in the context of emotion socialization and school culture to suggest implications for research and practice.


A comprehensive electrical characterisation of the SiGe/Si heterostructures has been performed in the wide temperature range (10-270 K). For this study the structures fabricated by the ion implantation technique at three different substrate temperatures (room temperature, 150 C and 450 C) have been used. The presence and parameters of shallow and deep levels and the diode performance were studied as a function of the substrate temperature. The sample implanted at 450 C shows the best diode operation reflecting the higher quality of the surface silicon layer as compared to RT- and 150 C-implanted samples. For the first time the cryogenic TSCR technique has been applied to this system which makes it possible to investigate strain in the silicon layer due to SiGe layer formation.


In this article describes the formation of ethnic and cultural identity in the communicative space of the Internet. Ethno-cultural identity is seen as a dynamic category. This category represent in the genres of administrative institutional discourse of the national communities and in genres of the private correspondence. The subject of research is the communicative and linguistic markers of national identity, which represent communicants of national groups of social network "In contact". In this text describes the specific model of verbal behavior of different ethnic community of Tomsk.


The hot metal flow and heat transfer in the mould are studied by computer emulation method and therefor the solidification behavior of liquid steel in the mould determined.In the meanwhile the concept of effective heat capacitance was used to process the term of latent heat source in the phase transformation, and in the process of programming, the effect of solidification on the physical quantity was emulated by dynamically updating.The solidification thickness of shell derived from model solution is coincident with that which was obtained from on site measurement on the leakage of steel.Results indicate that the method adopted here is applicable and acceptable.


Accusations of 'tribalism' contribute to the illusion of organized kinship groups dominating the sphere of informal politics. Nurlan Motuev's attempt to generate political support through his uruu reveals a discourse that employs kinship as the primary organizing principle of society. The introduction of reforms during the Gorbachev era saw a greater openness in public discussions of notions related to 'tribe' and 'clan' in Kyrgyzstan. The division of Kyrgyz society into Sayak, Sarybagysh and others groups creates an impression of nomadic kin groups, which still exert influence over popular depictions of contemporary society. A debate which shaped representations of pastoral nomads, particularly among Soviet scholars, was the notion of 'feudalism'. Segmentary lineage theory furthered the perception of egalitarianism through the balancing of acephalous kinship groups. Abramzon classified the manap-bais as: 'a type of dealer, entrepreneur and capitalist'.Keywords: egalitarianism; feudalism; kinship; Kyrgyzstan; manap-bais; Nurlan Motuev; Sarybagysh; Sayak; segmentary lineage theory; uruu


The activity of forest fires has greatly increased in recent years in Central Yakutia. This can lead to the radical transformation of permafrost landscapes and their degradation. This study aimed to determine the effects of climatic conditions on forest fire activity in this area. We analyzed data on air temperature and rainfall during the fire season from 2000 to 2020. The total annual burned areas have noticeably increased since the 2000s. Forest fires covered an area of more than a million hectares in 2002 and 2011. This trend was associated with climate change. The mean annual air temperature in Yakutsk increased by approximately 2 °C from 2000 to 2020, while the summer precipitation decreased. Both air temperature and the amount of precipitation during the fire season affect the accumulation of dry combustible material under the forest canopy, which determines whether favorable conditions are created for the spread of forest fires over large areas. We showed which climatic conditions are typical for periods of high and low fire activity. We analyzed the climatic conditions of certain years with the maximum and minimum burnt areas. Fire activity in the study area depends on the climatic conditions at the beginning of the fire season. High fire activity occurs at very high air temperatures; however, the predominant role is the deficiency of precipitation. The study of the dependence of forest fire activity on climatic conditions is important for estimating the consequences caused by climate change in permafrost landscapes.


The equity of preschool education is the beginning and foundation of education equity.The difference in education equity becomes significant between urban and rural preschool education,which has been demonstrated by the inequity at the starting point,the process and the result of preschool education development.This can be attributed to the unbalanced economic development in urban and rural areas,the uneven distribution of educational resources and the lack of supervision of preschool education quality in rural areas.In order to promote the preschool education equity and narrow the gap between urban and rural areas,efforts should be made a) to promote the popularization of rural preschool education and ensure the basic right of rural children to preschool education to promote preschool education equity between the urban and rural areas at the starting point of education;b) to reform the allocation mechanism of human and physical resources in urban and rural areas,and improve the quality of preschool teachers and the conditions of running kindergartens to ensure preschool education equity in educational process;and c) to strengthen the quality supervision of rural kindergarten curriculum and education and improve the preparation quality of rural children for primary school to ensure preschool education equity in educational outcome.


The position of the construction machine of the working machine of the present invention comprises: means for driving a boom (21) driving the movable arm (20); means for driving the bucket (30) bucket driving means (31); generating a driving operating said boom operating unit driving unit (21) and said bucket driving means (31) operation signal (40); generating a kickdown switch (50) for reducing the downshift gear position signal; and a control unit (80), the control unit (80) if generated from said kickdown switch (50) downshift signal and generate an operation signal from said working machine operating section (40), then to the movable arm driving means (21) and said shovel output hopper driving unit (31) control signals to said boom (20) and said bucket (30) moved to a position for a preset.


Much of modern environmental science concentrates on protecting people from potentially harmful chemicals such as pesticides and herbicides. Safeguarding humans from unhealthy exposures usually includes two problematic steps. First, even though humans experience lowlevel exposures to many compounds, human risk must be determined from toxicological experiments or occupational observations that generally have much higher exposures [1]. Second, scientists usually must extrapolate from a chemical's e<ect in rodents – the traditional experimental models – to humans. The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences' (NIEHS) Laboratory of Computational Biology and Risk Analysis (CoBRA) is working to solve the problems associated with these steps by designing biologically-based mechanistic models (BBMM) to guide the interpretation of the available data. The resulting knowledge can be applied to predict risks, for example, predicting a particular compound's carcinogenic potential. The eventual goal of this e<ort is to quantitatively link the likelihood of a disease to environmental causes [2]. Designing such a BBMM for a speci@c system involves multiple steps [3]. The @rst step is to search the scienti@c literature for information on that particular system (for example, physiological and biochemical characteristics). Then existing models (if any) of how a system works and additional information from the literature are combined to form a modi@ed model. An attempt is made to quantify each step in the biological system associated with the onset of the disease. The models use any and all mathematics, including deterministic and stochastic models. The model's steps are arranged and transformed into mathematical equations. A computer program is written that uses the available data to estimate the model parameters. Results of the program address whether the available data is consistent with the model. If not, the model is rejected; if it is consistent, the model is @ne-tuned and improved.


In this article we review the Knowledge-Building literature, unpacking its conceptual framework, principle-based pedagogy, distinctive features, and issues regarding scalability and sustainability. The Knowledge-Building goal is to reframe education as a knowledge-creating enterprise, engaging students from the earliest years of schooling. Despite a 30-year program of research and development and recognition that there is a close fit between Knowledge Building and efforts to meet knowledge society needs, Knowledge Building is frequently reinterpreted along the general lines of bringing constructivist learning into schooling rather than means to reframing education as a knowledge-creating enterprise. This article aims to clarify Knowledge-Building goals and to make the opportunities afforded by Knowledge Building more accessible.


The epistemological crisis in psychology at the start of the twentieth century, torn as it was between objectivist and subjectivist perspectives, began to demand from the scientific world a theoretical contribution in order to overcome this impasse. Phenomenology provided philosophical and methodological elements in order to establish a critique of psychologism, and to open the way to the development of new perspectives in this field. Sartre, thus influenced, and inspired by Marxism, elaborated a historical and dialectic concept which forms the core of the theory of existentialist psychology. In particular, the biographical method which he implemented contributed greatly to a method of psychology which goes beyond objectivism/subjectivism and allows for the development of the field within new parameters. In this article, the fundamental theory-methodologies of Sartre's biographical method are explained. I also discuss their practical application in his book, Saint Genet: comedien et martyr.


Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is now designated by World Health Organization (WHO) as keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT). OKC possesses tumor-like characteristics because of its clinical behavior. We report a case of non syndromic multiple OKC in a 14 year old boy with mild mental retardation (M.R). He had swelling since 6 months and pain since 3 days. Intra oral examination revealed obliteration of left labiobuccal vestibule. OPG revealed the presence of seven distinct radiolucent lesions in lower jaw. Histopathologically, it was diagnosed as OKC. Surgical enucleation of the cyst followed by application of Carnoy's solution. The patient showed uneventful recovery with no recurrence after a follow up of 2 years.


Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic and the increase in monkeypox (Mpox) infections that have been with us for the past two years have forced scientists and doctors to intensify their efforts to understand them. They mainly affect the respiratory, circulatory and immune systems and cause skin lesions. They can lead to death from lung disease, so complications such as ophthalmic ones are not often described in scientific studies, but doctors report that Covid-19 and Mpox patients not infrequently show symptoms such as inflammation, conjunctival congestion, corneal ulceration, swelling of the eye area and others.
Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to review scientific articles with a view to presenting the problem of ocular complications following SARS-CoV-2 infection and ways to prevent them.
Methods and materials: a literature review was conducted using the PubMed database, using the keywords: "ocular complications", "ophthalmic complications" "ocular manifestations", "eye complications", "monkeypox", "Mpox", "Covid-19" "SARS-CoV-2".
Results: PCR studies from conjunctival swabs have confirmed the presence of SARS-COV-2 and MPXV genetic materials in ocular secretions, so they are a reservoir of viruses and pose a risk of further transmission. In the case of Covid-19, the eye can act as a host for infection. Humidification and preventive antibiotic therapy have been shown to prevent bacterial superinfection and avoid serious ocular complications, including loss of vision.
Conclusions: Patients with Covid-19 and Mpox should be diagnosed ophthalmologically, as neglect can lead to deterioration and even loss of vision, reducing their quality of life. Eye care treatments and pharmacotherapy prevent future complications. It is also important to use personal protective equipment, take care of hygiene and disinfect equipment used for ophthalmic examinations to prevent the spread of infections to other patients as well as to medical staff.


Abstract Mesoporous Ni/La2O3/γ-Al2O3 catalysts with different La contents (0, 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, and 4.5 wt.%) were prepared by the step-by-step impregnation method. The physicochemical properties of the prepared Ni/La2O3/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were characterized by H2-TPR, XRD, BET, O2-TPO, and TG. The effect of La dosage on the catalytic performance of Ni/γ-Al2O3 catalyst for dry reforming of methane was further investigated. The results show that the La content has a significant effect on the reducibility of high-valence Ni species, specific surface area, pore size, and pore volume as well as the catalytic performances. The high-valence Ni species in the NL3.5A catalyst precursor has high reducibility. And the specific surface area, pore size and pore volume of the NL3.5A catalyst are 145.9 m2 g−1, 11.7 nm, and 0.47 cm3 g−1, respectively. The catalytic activity of the series of prepared mesoporous Ni/La2O3/γ-Al2O3 catalysts follows the order: NL3.5A > NL2.5A > NL4.5A > NL1.5A > NL0.5A > NL0A. Namely, the NL3.5A catalyst possesses the best catalytic activity. The CH4 and CO2 conversions of NL3.5A catalyst are 61.6 and 39.1% at 600 °C, respectively. Additionally, it maintains a superior recycle capability for dry reforming of methane reaction because of the high coke resistance compared with the Ni/γ-Al2O3 catalyst.


In this study we present an efficient new hybrid meta-heuristic - named in other context ANGEL - for solving discrete size optimization of truss structures. ANGEL combines ant colony optimization (ACO), genetic algorithm (GA) and local search (LS) strategy. The procedures of ANGEL attempt to solve an optimization problem by repeating the following steps. First time, ACO searches the solution space and generates structure designs to provide the initial population for GA. After that, GA is executed and the pheromone set in ACO is updated when GA obtains a better solution. When GA terminates, ACO searches again by using the new pheromone set. ACO and GA search alternately and cooperatively in the solution space. In this study we propose an efficient local search procedure. The procedure, in an iterative process, tries to make a better (a lighter feasible or a less unfeasible) truss from the current truss obtained by ACO or GA. The geometrically and materially nonlinear space trusses are formulated as a large d
isplacement structural model. The treatment of elastic-plastic collapse analysis is based on a path-following method \cite 6. The applied method is a combination of the perturbation technique of the stability theory and the non-linear modification of the classical linear homotopy method. With the help of the higher-order predictor-corrector terms, the method is able to follow the load- deflection path even in case of elastic-plastic material law.


Preface. Introduction. Contributors. Chapter 1 The Evolution of Neonatal Care ( David Field and Andy Leslie). Chapter 2 Obstetric Issues Relating to Neonatal Care Belinda Ackerman and Sonji Clarke). Chapter 3 Normal Adaptation to the Post-Natal Environment ( Maggie Meeks and Maggie Hallsworth). Chapter 4 The Neonatal Environment and Care of Families ( Kevin Hugill, with contributions from ADAPT). Chapter 5 The Small Baby ( Maggie Meeks and Jonathan Cusack). Chapter 6 Thermoregulation Maggie Hallsworth Chapter 7 Fluids, Electrolytes and Glucose Elaine Boyle Chapter 8 Respiratory Diffi culties and Ventilatory Support ( Venkatesh Kairamkonda). Chapter 9 Neonatal Surgery ( Shawqui Nour and Maggie Hallsworth). Chapter 10 Congenital Conditions ( Mandy Barry). Chapter 11 Nursing Newborn Babies with Congenital Heart Disease ( Frances Bu'Lock, Andrew Currie and Venkatesh Kairamkonda). Chapter 12 Nutrition of the Term and Preterm Infant ( Lucy Hawkes and Michelle Paterson). Chapter 13 Neonatal Stabilisation and Transport ( Robert Bomont and Linda Rafael). Chapter 14 Neonatal Neurology ( Eleri Adams and Marie Hubbard). Chapter 15 The Dying Infant ( Zoe Wilkes and Maggie Hallsworth). Chapter 16 Infection in the Term and Preterm Infant ( Alison Bedford Russell). Chapter 17 Haematology in the Term and Preterm Neonate ( Tim Watts, Karissa Jowaheer and Ping Corcoran). Chapter 18 Developmental Care ( Inga Warren). Chapter 19 Neonatal Ethics ( John Wyatt). Chapter 20 Discharge Planning and the Community Outreach Service ( Sylvia Gomes). Index.


Abstract A sandwich enzyme labelled immunoassay (ELISA) has been developed for the detection of Campylobacter jejuni in food using magnetic poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) microspheres as an alternative solid phase. The microspheres (c. 2.5 μm in diameter) were prepared by dispersion polymerization in the presence of carboxymethylcellulose-coated Fe3O4 - obtained by precipitation of Fe(II) and Fe(III) salts with aqueous ammonia - finely dispersed in ethanol/water solution using poly(vinylpyrrolidone) and 2,2'-azoisobutyronitrile as stabilizer and initiator, respectively. PGMA microspheres were ammonolyzed and the antibody against Campylobacter jejuni was immobilized via the 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine method. The optimal concentration of the second hen IgY was 50 μg/ml and the optimal concentration of the labelled antibody (rabbit anti-hen IgY immunoglobulin-horseradish peroxidase complex) reached 4 μg/ml. The detection limit of the assay was 4.8⋅106 cfu/ml. A limited number of artificially contaminated and uncontaminated food samples have been tested. Only one false-negative and one false-positive result (out of 18) were observed.


Certain adamantylated heterocycles were previously shown to enhance the secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) by murine melanoma cells that have been transduced with the gene for human TNF-α and constitutively expressed this cytokine. The stimulatory potency of those compounds depended, among other factors, on the structure of the linker between the adamantyl residue and the heterocyclic core. In the present study, a series of (1-adamantyl)alkylsulfanyl derivatives of heterocyclic compounds was prepared by alkylation of the corresponding thioheterocyles. Of the novel adamantylalkylthio compounds tested in the aforementioned cell line, 2-(2-adamantan-1-ylethylsulfanyl)- 4-methyl-pyrimidine was found to be the most active


The Hamiltonian H for an n-electron system in a finite one-electron basis of dimension m is characterized by d=O(m{sup 4}) matrix elements. The eigenstates of this Hamiltonian - i.e., the full-CI states {psi} - depend, however, on the usually much larger set of N=O(m{sup n}) parameters. One can, nevertheless, write a full-CI state as {psi}=e{sup S}{phi} with {phi} a reference function and S an operator familiar from traditional coupled cluster (TCC) theory. The 'exact' operator S can be expressed (though in an implicit and rather complicated way) in terms of d parameters. An alternative ansatz {psi}=e{sup T}{phi} with T depending in a very simple way on d parameters only (namely, with T having the same structure in Fock space as H) has been studied by Nooijen and by Nakatsuji and been called coupled-cluster with generalized single and double excitations (CCGSD). Nooijen has conjectured that the full-CI equations can be fulfilled with this ansatz. This paper is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the Nooijen conjecture (NC). Several features make this analysis difficult and even intriguing. (a) One deals with coupled nonlinear systems of equations, for which theorems concerning the existence of their solution are hardly available. (b) There are differentmore » possible interpretations of the NC, especially as far as the choice of the reference function {phi} is concerned. (c) There are solutions of the CCGSD equations, for which some elements of T becomes negative infinite, and e{sup T} becomes a projection operator. Such solutions are undesired but difficult to eliminate. We show by direct comparison of the exact wave operator with that of CCGSD theory, for a closed-shell state with {phi} a single Slater determinant, using a perturbation expansion, that CCGSD cannot be exact. This required a reformulation of the CCGSD operator e{sup T} to an equivalent exponential form e{sup R}, with R similar to the S of TCC theory, but with constraints on the cluster amplitudes, such that these depend on d parameters only. The CCGSD ansatz simulates three-particle and higher excitations, in a perturbation expansion even with diagrams of the correct topology, but with incorrect energy denominators. Differences to the exact formulation arise to second order in perturbation theory for the wave function and to fourth order in the energy, but even the contributions which are not exact, are often acceptable approximations. Essential for the proof that the CCGSD ansatz is not potentially exact is that the set of one- and two-particle basis operators, into which H can be expanded, does not span a Lie algebra. What matters is actually that the variations of the wave function describable within a CCGSD ansatz are different from those required to satisfy the two-particle contracted Schroedinger equations. The first attempt, due to Nakatsuji, to prove in this philosophy that the CCGSD ansatz is not potentially exact, was essentially correct, but some subtle yet important aspects were not sufficiently stressed. A refinement was given by Mazziotti. Papers by Ronen and Davidson addressed a somewhat academic problem - namely, the possible validity of the CCGSD ansatz for a completely arbitrary reference function - using mainly dimensionality arguments.« less


THE correction of giant hernias and eventrations has long offered a challenge to surgical skill and ingenuity. It has been aptly stated that many large hernias have lost the "right of domicile." So...


The leaves of the endemic Philippine plant, Dillenia philippinensis yielded 11 compounds including one new sulfated glucoside and a new seco-A-ring oleanane-type triterpenoid. The molecular structures of these compounds were elucidated by means of NMR, MS and other spectroscopic techniques, as well as by comparison with literature data. Anti-Leishmania activity and cytotoxic activity against A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells were also examined.


Hip-related pain is common in active young and middle-aged individuals. Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome, a frequent cause of hip pain, consists of a triad of imaging findings, pain, and clinical signs. Femoroacetabular impingement can have a large impact on the quality of life of those affected. It is thought to be characterized by altered femoral or acetabular morphology, such as excessive bone formation at the femoral head-neck junction known as cam-morphology, which can create aberrant joint forces during hip movements and potentially damage intra-articular structures. At present, the prevalence of intra-articular hip pathology in those with and without hip pain, including FAI syndrome, is unknown. It is also unclear whether hip related pain (including FAI syndrome) is associated with alterations in biomechanics or muscle characteristics. This article will discuss key aspects of the PhD work of physiotherapists Joshua Heerey, Matthew King (both La Trobe University) and Peter Lawrenson (University of Queensland), all of whom are working on Project FORCe (the Femoroacetabular impingement OsteoaRthritis Cohort study) under the guidance of Professor Kay Crossley (see http://www.latrobe.edu.au/sport-andexercise- medicine/research/projects for more information).


Migration of data across information systems is a knowledge intensive task: the definition of mappings between systems requires knowledge of the source and target (relational) schemas and their interpretation of the shared domain. Moreover, direct schema mappings need often to be re-defined for each new migration instance, in order to accommodate the variations caused by the change of systems and representation conventions. A possible solution to such problems is the use of an intermediate ontological model, that can be used as a lingua franca for the description of schemas, by defining mappings from and to the ontology. While this helps in making explicit the semantics of the schemas, the problem remains on how to extract a direct mapping from source to target schema from this intermediate representation. In this paper, we present our ongoing work in building an ontology-based migration system in the scenario of banking information systems. In the architecture of the system, an ontology defines an intermediate semantic description for the source and target schemas. We introduce a reasoning method for the automatic extraction of migration rules starting from the semantic descriptions of the schemas. The procedure for computation of migration rules is then implemented via reasoning over an Answer Set Programming encoding.


A method has been developed to calculate the scattering of slow electrons. This method along with the wellknown methods of HULTHÈN and KOHN are applied to calculate p-wave scattering in the normal hydrogen field. The new method avoids the ambiguity of HULTHEN'S quadratic equation and gives almost the same result. The interrelation of the three methods is studied and a proposal is being made how one can simultaneously satisfy the conditions L=∫ψ(H-E) ψ dτ=0, ∂, a k=—〈Rl⎜U⎟jl+〉 appearing in the three methods. The whole theoretical discussion can without difficulties be extended to the modified COULOMB potential, only the regular and singular spherical BESSEL functions are to be substituted by the regular and singular confluent hypergeometric functions of the COULOMB type respectively. The phase shifts and the wave functions calculated without exchange agree well with the numerically solved results of CHANDRASEKHAR and BREEN. The results including exchange terms agree reasonably well with the results of the numerical integration of the HARTREE-FOCK equation, which has been carried out here by E. TREFFTZ.


Lime or cement treatment is commonly used in earthworks field to improve geotechnical properties of fine soils. However some soils can not be treated with these products. Sustainable development principles lead earthworks companies to try to re-use all natural extracted materials on the construction site. To reach this aim, the use of industrial by-products with limited environmental impact has been proposed. In this study, three silty soils were treated with an acid sulfonated limonene solution. The experimental results showed a reduction of the optimum Proctor water content that leads to an immediate improvement of the unconfined compressive strength of treated soil samples. The modifications of compaction characteristics allowed a better compaction of dry soils and could permit to save water and energy. However, the effects of the treatment seem to be highly dependent on soil nature. Mots clefs : traitement des sols, produit non traditionnel, compactage, acide


Bayesian Network(BN)is a graphical network model for the description of the variables between causal uncertainties.It is built for uncertainty modeling and reasoning,processing related to forecasting,intelligent reasoning,diagnosis,decision making,and risk/reliability analysis.Firstly,a brief presentation on BN was given.Then the development and function expansion of BN within the recent 30years was outlined,and BN application in the field of engineering technology including fault diagnosis,reliability analysis etc.was reviewed.Finally BN existing deficiencies and future research trends was summarized and discussed.


This study aims to identify the extent to which aspects of character education has been actualized in a learning General Courses, what barriers are perceived by the lecturer of General Courses, and how expectations of faculty and students associated with the custodian of the learning process as a vehicle for character education General Courses . Based on the research results and the discussion above, the conclusions generated in this study, among others. (1) Lectures General Courses with learning components in it has been actualized values of character education. General Courses learning as character education makes it different from the other subjects of learning where learning competencies expected of General Courses not just mastery of the learning material or purely cognitive aspects, but more important than that is the process of internalization of the self-learning participants. Lecturers and students alike expect General Courses displays learning materials are more than just what is contained in textbooks, but also coupled with current issues in society and the emotional touches that are awakening to the students to realize the values instilled character it is in real life.


After a short presentation of the Boltzmann-Fokker-Planck (BFP) equation, which was derived in a previous work, two numerical approaches to solve this equation are investigated--the multigroup method and a diamond scheme applied in a consistent way to space and energy variables. Because of the parabolic nature of the Fokker-Planck operator, it is shown that the standard neutron transport codes cannot solve such an equation. With the one-dimensional time-dependent BFP-1 code, many numerical results have been produced. All deal with the transport of charged particles in dense plasmas because such a problem is very severe from a numerical point of view. Other applications can be imagined since the BFP formalism is quite general.


We have developed a new detection system of IP addresses of the mass mailing worm (MMW)-infected PC terminals by only watching the domain name system (DNS) query access between the DNS server and the PC terminals.


The aim of the document is to analyze the contributions that the transfer of knowledge by means of the Corporative university model to the generation of competitive advantages in a small construction company in Bogota, starting from an approach to the state of The transfer of knowledge and the concept of "corporate University". In addition, are exposed and developed some of the tools offered by the Pmbok 6 guide, in project management. The study focused on research, experiences and capitalized learning of experts in the field, which have participated in academic developments and models of corporate universities in the organizational world. The results obtained in the analysis of the studies allowed evidence that the corporate university is considered in the current organizational world, as a platform for the generation, incorporation and transfer of knowledge, which aligned to the Strategy of the organization or the business, enables in the human talent the development of the competencies and capacities required both in the present and in the future of the Organization; Thus becoming the differentiating element that will allow growth and competitiveness in the market.


Abstract Objective: This study analyzes and describes trends in prevalence of asthma and rhinitis in children 6–7 years old living in Santo Ângelo, Brazil, by comparing data from 2007, 2012, and 2017. Methods: The ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood) standardized written questionnaire was used in a three cross-sectional survey. The questionnaire was applied between March and May of 2007, 2012 and 2017. Results: A total of 701 children participated in the survey: 225 children in 2007, 229 in 2012, and 247 in 2017. There were no differences in the prevalence of current wheeze in the years of this study. On the other hand, a higher percentage of children were diagnosed with asthma in 2012 (26.2%) than in 2007 (10.2%) and 2017 (10.1%) (p < 0.05); however, the severity of asthma was lower in 2012 when compared to other years. Regarding cases of probable asthma – which included patients with suspected asthma or wheezing and nocturnal cough without a diagnosis of asthma – these corresponded to 15.7, 17.0, and 25.1% of the cases in 2007, 2012 and 2017, respectively. For other allergic diseases, we found no statistical difference in the frequency of symptoms of current rhinitis (55.5%, 54.6%, 51.8% in 2007, 2012, and 2017, respectively), allergic rhinitis (45.3%, 45.0%, 36.4% in 2007, 2012, and 2017, respectively), or pollinosis (17.8%, 12.7%, 14.2% in 2007, 2012, and 2017, respectively). Conclusions: The prevalence of probable asthma increased from 2007 to 2017. The prevalence of symptoms and diagnosis of allergic rhinitis and pollinosis was relatively high and these allergies must be considered in the pediatric population of the region.


For this paper we simulated wastewater containing organic phosphorus degradation process across the wetland via organic phosphorus containing solutions of different pH values slowly passing the simulation groove so as to explore the chemical kinetic characteristics of phosphorus migration in the aqueous backgrounds of different wetlands. Our study shows that the migration performance of organic phosphorus in the wetland declines while pH value increases, and that the mineralization of organic phosphorus in clay pan increases with enhanced pH value. The mineralization rate of organic phosphorus in the eighth day may reach over 74% (pH≥7) or above 90% when pH = 9.0. The concentration of PO4 3-, which is the direct product of mineralization of organic phosphorus, decreases somewhat when the pH value increases or as time passes. Our study provides the parameter basis to explore the purification mechanism and determine the chemical kinetic mode of organic phosphorus migration in aqueous background of the wetland.


Examines the dielectric behavior of small and medium rod-rod air gaps with an insulating barrier, under lightning impulse voltages. The conclusions derived from the experimental investigation, refer to the influence of the gap length and the rod geometry to the breakdown voltage of the air gaps as well as to the definition of the optimum position of the insulating sheet.


Taking the bored pile treated by post-grouting technology of Xianji River Bridge on Shiyan-Tianshui Expressway as research object,through theoretical analysis and simulation analysis with nonlinear finite element program ADINA,the load-bearing characteristic of bored pile treated by post-grouting technology is studied.The conclusions are: using post-grouting technology to form reinforcement layer of pile injection can heighten the deformation modulus of pile-end soil,effectively reduce the settlement of pile foundation in normal condition,and greatly enhance the ultimate bearing capability of bored pile in the case of very little amount of cement.Its ultimate bearing capability inceseases by 69% compared with the pile without pressure grouting.It provides some reference for the projects in correlative fields.


The IDRStab method, which combines the Induced Dimension Reduction (IDR) (s) method with higher-order stabilizing polynomials, is an effective method for solving large nonsymmetric linear systems. IDRStab can be implemented using different algorithms which are mathematically equivalent. In this paper, we illustrate preconditioned algorithms for three variants of IDRStab and describe their advantages. Numerical experiments show the differences in the convergence of the variants of IDRStab with preconditioning.


(If applicable)Ontario I AFOSR6c. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) 7b. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code)Department of PhysicsLondon, Ontario, Canada N6A 3K7 Bolig Bolling AFB AF4C103264DC 20332-64488a. NAME OF FUNDING/SPONSORING 8b OFFICE SYMBOL 9. PROCUREMENT INSTRUMENT IDENTIFICATION NUMBERORGANIZATION


Two very-high-frequency powers between which the phase difference is varying in split of time are supplied to a ladder-shaped electrode through multiple feeding points located at symmetrical positions of the electrode to generate a large-area uniform plasma. Theoretical calculations of the voltage distribution at several phase difference show good agreement with experiments. Plasma emission uniformity within ±15% is demonstrated at 60MHz for the substrate size of 1.4×1.1m, with nitrogen gas of 10Pa.


A two-phase scheduling algorithm including pre-scheduling phase and whole-scheduling phase focused on cellular manufacturing problem is proposed. In order to solve the cellular manufacturing scheduling problem, process decomposition and algorithm optimization technology are used to decompose the large-scale scheduling problem. This algorithm can reduce the problem scale efficiently while the scheduling result is of practical significance for manufacturing practice. Precise calculation and approximate solution is combined in the proposed algorithm, which can enhance computing efficiency while achieving global optimization. The effect of the algorithm is validated by numerical experiments.


The inductance of an inductive device with a moving core changes as a function of the core position. By extending this principle to a microtransformer with multiple, evenly spaced cores, a measurement system combining features of analog (variable reluctance) and incremental positioning may be devised. For detecting the direction of motion (to know in which direction to count), an incremental length measurement system requires not just one, but two output signals, which have to be offset by 90 degrees. The paper presents a microtransformer based positioning system fulfilling these requirements. It presents the fabrication technology employed and discusses experimental test results.


Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) EC 184.108.40.206) was isolated and partially characterized from two species of decapod crustaceans. Highest activity of ALP enzyme was present in the head for both Macrobachium vollenhovenii and Penaeus notialis 4881.52 ± 0.011 U/L and 4893.48 ± 0.006 U/L respectively. ALP is more concentrated in the head of notialis sample compared to that of vollenhovenii. For Macrobachium vollenhovenii the whole animal contained the highest concentration of protein 12.29 ± 0.078 mg/ml followed by the head 11.452 ± 0.403 mg/ml and also for Penaeus notialis sample, the whole animal contained the highest concentration of protein 17.01 ± 0.042 mg/ml followed by the head 12.95 ± 0.353 mg/ml. The Km and Vmax of the head alkaline phosphatase were estimated to be 5.9mM and 5.1mM/min/ml respectively for the Macrobrachium sample while the Km and Vmax of the head alkaline phosphatase were estimated to be 4.5 mM and 5.4 mM/min/ml for the Penaeus sample. Mg 2+ gradually increases the activity of ALP in both species. EDTA gradually decreases the activity of the enzyme at concentration above 10 mmol in both species. The ALP enzyme has pH optimum of 10 in both species and an optimum temperature of 45 o C.


Summary This paper presents two case studies in which multi-offset VSP data sets are utilised to assist in the understanding of fractured reservoirs. It is considered that the VSP methodology is generally under utilised and the wealth of additional information within a VSP data set is generally unexploited. Traditionally VSP data sets are acquired to determine time-depth relationships and produce sections and images. Walk-away data sets are generally acquired to provide information on anisotropy and structural information; whilst walk-around data are often used to provide information on fracture directions. These data and offset data sets contain an abundance of additional information, particularly on fracturing, that is rarely exploited but can be extracted through additional advanced processing. It is generally considered that fracture information cannot be reliably determined from zero offset data sets, however, results of fracture imaging using such data sets are discussed. Examples of imaging and further analysis e.g. shear wave splitting; will also be discussed which demonstrate that these methods can be effective in; granitic basement prospects and fractured carbonates. The advanced processing methods can be applied to any VSP data set, from those acquired in a traditional reservoir to unconventional reservoirs and have applications in fractured reservoir characterization, e.g. fractured carbonates, fractured basement plays, shale, tight sands, coal bed methane and also oil sands. These case studies illustrate that additional understanding of the subsurface can be obtained when VSP data are fully processed.


Isopach maps of chronostratigraphic and lithostratigraphic units from the Late Cretaceous (early Campanian-late Maestrichtian) Montana Group of the Powder River basin, Wyoming, reveal a complex interplay between eustatic sea level fluctuations, sedimentation rates, and intraforeland basin subsidence rates. The Montana Group is characterized by numerous asymmetrical, coarsening- and thickening-upward, progradational deltaic, strand-plain, and/or shallow-marine deposits that thin eastward and merge into thick offshore-marine and pelagic deposits on the Pierre Shale. From oldest to youngest these are the Gammon, Shannon, and Sussex Members of the Steele Shale, the Parkman and Teapot Sandstone Members of the Mesaverde Formation, the Teckla Sandstone Member of the Lewis Shale, and the Fox Hills Sandstone. Formation tops and bentonite beds from approximately 30,000 well logs were correlated throughout the Powder River basin and adjacent areas.


Patients with mental and physical limitations often pose a challenge when presenting for dental treatment. Lack of cooperation, combative behavior and physical limitations can make conventional office-based dental treatment under local anesthesia very difficult and sometimes impossible. To avoid the risks of injury or excessive stress as well as the inability to provide high quality, well-delivered dental care, dentists often resort to the management of their special needs patients under general anesthesia. Dental anaesthesia is often underestimated and considered ideal for the less experienced practitioner. This perception has proved to be devoid of truth. The few studies that are present in literature support that general anesthesia for comprehensive dental treatment performed with appropriate medical care is safe and has shown remarkable results. This case report describes the management of an un-coperative mentally handicapped patient treated with multiple endodontic and restorative procedures under general anaesthesia in an established surgical setup.


In autopsy practice, we encounter case of suicide or murder using various methods or tools. Damage caused by tools such as a knife or hammer is commonly encountered, but a case of damage using a chainsaw is not commonly encountered. We present an autopsy case of a suicide due to neck injury using a chainsaw. A 56-year-old man was found dead with a neck injury and a chainsaw below him. Soft tissue of the neck, thyroid cartilage, trachea, carotid vessels, cervical vertebrae, and cervical spinal cord were found to be cleaved, and a cogwheel-shaped pattern was observed in the injured area.


Proteases that areencoded byanimal picor- naviruses andplant como-andpotyviruses formarelated groupofcysteine-active-center enzymes that areessential for virus maturation. Weshowthat these proteins arehomologous tothefamily oftrypsin-like serine proteases. Inourmodel, the active-site nucleophile ofthetrypsin catalytic triad, Ser-195, is changed toaCysresidue inthese viral proteases. Theother two residues ofthetriad, His-57 andAsp-102, areotherwise absolutely conserved inalltheviral protease sequences. Sec- ondary structure analysis ofaligned sequences suggests the location ofthecomponent strands ofthetwinfl-barrel trypsin foldintheviral proteases. Unexpectedly, the2aand3c subclasses ofviral cysteine proteases are, respectively, homol- ogous tothesmall andlarge structural subclasses oftrypsin-like serine proteases. Thisclassification allows themolecular map- pingofresidues fromviral sequences ontorelated tertiary structures; weprecisely identify aminoacids thatarestrong determinants ofspecificity forbothsmallandlarge viral cysteine proteases. Thenaturally occurring proteases canbegrouped into four classes according totheprominent functional groups attheir active sites: Ser, Cys,Asp,andZn(1). TheSerprotease


A composition comprising astaxanthin as an active ingredient for use in a method to alleviate and / or prevent metabolic syndrome.