A neural network model is established to predict the joint quality in resistance microwelding (RMW) of fine Cu wire and stainless steel thin sheet. The preheat current, welding current, weld time and electrode force are selected as the input parameters and the tensile strength as the output parameter in the model. The prediction program is compiled in MATLAB through the detailed designing of hidden layer and the selection of the transfer function. The network performance is verified by experiment, and its accuracy meets the production requirements in the actual welding.


Two types of synthetic experience are covered: virtual reality (VR) and surgery, and telemedicine. The topics are presented in viewgraph form and include the following: geometric models; physiological sensors; surgical applications; virtual cadaver; VR surgical simulation; telesurgery; VR Surgical Trainer; abdominal surgery pilot study; advanced abdominal simulator; examples of telemedicine; and telemedicine spacebridge.


Study design: Prevalence study. Aim: Evaluating the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis diagnosed by panoramic radiography through qualitative measurements of the mandibular bone cortex. Materials and methods: The Klemetti index and the Benson index were used through a digital caliper. The descriptive analysis of the date was performed in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) V.20.0. Results: Of the fifty panoramic radiographs evaluated from women with a mean age of 43.04 years, 15 women (30%) were diagnosed with Klemetti's osteopenia, and there were no cases of osteoporosis in the sample. Regarding the Benson index, the results showed an average of 4.24 mm (SD: 0.54), with a minimum value of 3.30 and a maximum of 6.10 mm. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the importance of panoramic radiography for the early diagnosis of osteopenia and osteoporosis. Panoramic radiography presents low cost and ease of use by dental surgeons, being an exam widely used in several areas of dentistry.


On the basis of relevant research review, this paper makes a study of the tourists who mountain-climb the Yulong Snow Mount in Lijiang Scenic Spot and their motives of choosing sports tourism by using methods of literature data, questionnaire and mathematical statistics and so on. The results are as follows: 1) the demographic profile shows that the number of women surpasses men among the tourists who engage in sport tourism and most of the participants have a good educational background, economic strength and good professional background; 2)by analyzing factors influencing their motives, the paper selects and focuses on three major motivational ones, namely broadening their knowledge of sports tourism and gratifying their curiosity, keeping fit and relaxing, challenging themselves which is a display of social life with high quality. And it also extracts two incentive factors like the attraction of the sports tourism destination and the satisfaction of resources of sports tourism. Third, the paper puts forward suggestions that sports tourism destination should exploit products of sports tourism based on the motives of tourists and in order to give full play to the value of sports tourism resources, the tourism destination should work out marketing strategies based on characteristics of sports tourists to meet the needs of tourists of different levels and types.


High-pressure mass spectrometric experiments and ab initio calculations have been carried out in order to establish a series of accurate gas-phase sodium ion affinities of organic molecules with a wide variety of functional groups. Ab initio calculations have also been performed on the sodium complexes of three amino acids:  serine, cysteine, and proline. A systematic critical evaluation of experimental and computational literature results shows that a significant number require revision. Based on comparisons with accurate experimental measurements, the ab initio procedure used is shown to yield sodium ion affinities with an accuracy of ca. 1 kcal·mol-1. This enables the construction of the first reliable table of gas-phase Na+ affinities for organic and small biological molecules.


AMP accumulation in dry seeds, which powers the rapid resumption of energy flow during imbibition, is driven by dehydration through the interplay between ATP demand, adenylate kinase, and oxidative phosphorylation.


The Burkitt lymphoma cell lines Ly91, Ly47 and Ly66 produce short μ chains in the absence of associated light (L) chains. μ mRNA lack two‐thirds of the variable (V) region due to an alternate splicing event that takes place within V genes. L chain genes were found to be rearranged in these lines and to lead to transcripts with altered V regions. Although these abnormal transcripts displayed specific abnormalities in each cell line, they shared some features, including large deletions involving the V‐J junction. In one cell line, L chain transcripts made up of either VxI subgroup gene Jx3 or VxIV gene‐Jx4 recombination products bore a similar alteration: the donor splice site of the rearranged Jx segment was modified, leading to the alternate use of the donor site of either the leader peptide exon or the next 3′ unrearranged Jx segment.


- The research provided a bibliometric analysis of 340 studies conducted between 2011 and 2022 related to digital transformation in entrepreneurship and innovation. The bibliographic data was extracted from the Scopus database and analyzed using bibliometric tools in R software. The research revealed research trends such as publication and citation per year, top sources, top authors, top documents


The paper discusses the basketball training in China in different periods and analyses the advantages and disadvantages so as to provide references for the development of current basketball training concept in China.


In this paper we describe Heptapterus mandimbusu sp. n., a new species of heptapterid catfish from a small tributary of the Uruguay River Basin in Misiones-Argentina. This new species is distinguished from all other congeners by the unique coloration pattern with aggregated melanophores scattered on dorsal and lateral surface of body, forming conspicuous size-variable blotches, and the combination of a long interdorsal distance (13.8–18.9 % SL), 14–18 anal-fin rays, short maxillary barbels (52.2–74.5 % HL), and the adipose fin confluent with caudal fin.


This bachelor thesis dwells on the cultural heritage that the Celts left behind. Particularly, the thesis targets religious belief inherited from the Celts and its transmission into the present day. The first part describes the best known gods from the Celtic pantheon. The second part of the thesis is concerned about Celtic culture and religion in present day.


Both rough set theory and D-S evidence theory are important methods in uncertainty reasoning, and each one has its own advantages and disadvantages. Incomplete information system exists widely in real life. In this paper, two theories are used in combination to study the incomplete information system. First, reduction algorithm for the incomplete information system is put forward based on rough set theory; and then D-S evidence theory is used to optimize the obtained rules, and the results were verified by example.


The "Eastern Turkistan" terrorist forces continuously created all kinds of violent terrorist attacks in recent years and seriously impaired our national security, public safety and people's life and property. At present, the obvious deficiencies exist in the anti-terrorism legislation and there is no specific act for it. So the perfection of the anti-terrorism law is imminent. Before its introduction, we can modify the criminal substantive law, criminal procedure law and some related regional regulations so as to improve the legal operational mechanism and to provide the legal safeguard for the anti-terrorism work.


Critics argue that direct legislation (initiatives and referendums) allows an electoral majority to undermine the interests and rights of racial and ethnic minorities. We assess this claim by examining outcomes of direct democracy in California since 1978. Our analysis indicates that critics have overstated the detrimental effects of direct democracy. Confirming earlier critiques, we find that racial and ethnic minorities-and in particular Latinos-lose regularly on a small number of racially targeted propositions. However, these racially targeted propositions represent less than 5% of all ballot propositions. When we consider outcomes across all propositions, we find that the majority of Latino, Asian American, and African American voters were on the winning side of the vote. This remains true if we confine our analysis to propositions on which racial and ethnic minorities vote cohesively or to propositions on issues that racial and ethnic minorities say they care most about.


Background: The objectives of this study were to find changes of pit shape at sternal end of fourth ribs in accordance with age in males, to find bilateral variability in changes of pit shape according to age and to compare the data with previous study. Methods: Total 180 ribs were obtained from male cadavers brought for post-mortem examination. Out of which 140 ribs belonged to 70 cases were included in the study. Each rib was classified according to different stages of pit shape. The data derived were statistically analysed. Results: Pit shape changes from shallow dent to 'V', from 'V' to 'U', from 'U' to 'wide mouth U' up to sixties of age and after that the quality of the walls surrounding the pit decreases without changes in shape of pit. There was no any bilateral variation found in pit shape changes for age. Conclusions: Changes of pit shape at sternal end of fourth ribs are age dependent without bilateral variations. Age estimation by this method gives general idea about the age in decades only.


Acknowledgments Contributors 1 New Institutionalism: Issues and Questions Andre Lecours PART ONE Theoretical Reflections on New Institutionalism 2 Ideas, Interests, and Institutions: Historical Institutionalism Revisited Daniel Beland 3 Theorizing Institutional Change Siobhan Harty 4 Institutions and Political Rationality Hudson Meadwell PART TWO Institutionalist Theory in Canadian Politics 5 Institutionalism in the Study of Canadian Politics: The English-Canadian Tradition Miriam Smith 6 New Institutionalism and Political Science in Quebec Linda Cardinal PART THREE New Institutionalism in Comparative Politics 7 New Institutionalism and the Crisis of Transitology Mamoudou Gazibo 8 Structuring Nationalism Andre Lecours 9 Institutional Change and Its Consequences: The Rational Foundations of Party System Change in India Csaba Nikolenyi PART FOUR New Institutionalism and Public Policy Analysis 10 Westminster Parliamentarism, Policy Networks, and the Behaviour of Political Actors Eric Montpetit 11 Social Learning, Third Way Politics, and Welfare State Redesign Denis Saint-Martin and Alexandra Dobrowolsky 12 National Institutional Veto Points and Continental Policy Change: Failing to Amend the U.S.-Canada Migratory Birds Convention Luc Juillet PART FIVE Institutionalist Analysis in International Relations 13 Moving beyond (or beneath) the Democratic Peace Theory: Intermediate-Level Institutions and Foreign Security Policy Norrin M. Ripsman 14 Canada and the Global Diffusion of 'One China'Der-Yuan Maxwell Wu 15 Constructing the State: Sovereignty in Comparative and International Perspectives -The View from East Asia Jeremy Paltiel


Summary Random bred male animals (N = 48 rats) underwent classical fear conditioning, an extinction trial, and a subsequent fear retention test either in the morning or in the afternoon. Half of the animals in both groups had been deprived of food for 18 hours prior to testing and were offered some food in the final fear retention test, whereas the others carried on feeding ad lib. The four groups were further split up into groups of three animals with a duration of the extinction trial of either 0, 15, 30, or 60 sec. Food deprivation had no significant effect on the fear retention data. But animals which had been tested in the afternoon showed greater fear reduction following a short duration of extinction than after a long duration. Animals tested in the morning, on the other hand, profited more from longer duration of extinction.


Purpose Bicycle riding provides a sustainable and affordable solution to many of the significant problems associated with motorised transport and physical inactivity. The provision of infrastructure plays an important role in encouraging people to begin and subsequently continue to ride bicycles and to do so safely. Methodology This chapter describes different types of on- and off-road infrastructure and reviews studies of their effects on rider numbers and safety. In addition, it looks at the roles that end-of-trip facilities and bikeshare programs can play in contributing to bicycle use and general transport sustainability. Findings Infrastructure characteristics can influence both perceived and objective levels of safety. It is important to identify and avoid treatments that increase perceived safety but are actually less safe. The type of infrastructure needed or desired differs between current and potential riders and according to trip purpose. Well-designed marked bicycle lanes on roads can reduce crash rates. Safety at intersections can be improved by: advanced green lights for cyclists, short cuts for right-hand turns, brightly coloured bicycle paths and advanced waiting positions for cyclists. Off-road facilities are generally safer, but intersections with roads must be carefully treated. Shared paths and footpaths are risky for older pedestrians (and older cyclists). Implications In many countries the provision of more infrastructure that increases the perceived safety of riding is needed to encourage cycling, particularly transport cycling and cycling by women.


The photon counting statistics of light is studied, in which the various types of photon counting distribution can be represented by Nakagami's m-distribution. To investigate this theoretical utility we have measured the photon counting distribution of laser light scattered by a very dilute solution in which non-Gaussian statistics appear. The comparison is also made by the factrial moment between the experimental value and theoretical one. The experimental distribution is in agreement with the theoretical distribution.


Ceramic samples of Barium Zirconium Titanate (BaZrxTi1-xO3 (BZT)) were synthesized by conventional solid-state reaction method with different concentrations of x(= 0.05 (BZT1), 0.10 (BZT2), 0.15 (BZT3), 0.20 (BZT4), 0.25 (BZT5), 0.30 (BZT6)). Phase confirmation of the samples was done by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. All the compositions are in cubic structure. XRD pattern was recorded for samples sintered at different sintering temperatures. Lattice parameters increased with addition of Zr+4. Doping with Zr+4 into Barium titanate resulted in interesting changes of electrical properties (dielectric, impedance and ferroelectiricity). The strong influence of Zr doping on the phase transition characteristics of the BZT ceramics was studied from the dielectric response of the samples. Diffusivity of phase transition of the BZT ceramic samples increase with Zr+4 concentration, indicating changes from normal to diffuse transition to relaxor phase transition behavior. Impedance spectroscopy reveals the presence of temperature-dependent grain, grain boundary effects. Polarization–Electricfield (PE) loop measurements are also done on the samples.


Background and objective . Periodontal stem cells are a promising material for dentistry and maxillofacial surgery. In this work, we sought to find out how Notch signaling pathway affects the osteogenic potential of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC). Design and methods . In order to verify this, we used lentiviral transduction of PDLSC, adding various amounts of the virus bearing the activated intracellular domain of the Notch1 receptor, NICD. Using real-time PCR, we analyzed the dependence of changes in the expression levels of osteo-markers ( RUNX2, COL1A1, OGN, POSTN ) on the activation strength of Notch signaling pathway, based on the expression of the target gene — HEY1 , in the early stages of differentiation, after 48 and 120 hours after induction of osteogenic differentiation. In addition, using the technique of Alizarin red extraction, we were able to quantify the intensity of mineralization of periodontal MSCs at the final stage of osteogenic differentiation. Results . We found that activation of Notch signaling pathway leads to increased expression of osteogenic markers in the early stages of osteogenic differentiation induction, which in turn leads to the development of the final stage of osteogenic differentiation, characterized by the formation of calcification. Moreover, the more intensive the initial level of Notch, the stronger and more effective were the processes of osteogenesis. Conclusion . In this work, we showed that activation of Notch signaling pathway leads to an increase in the osteogenic potential of periodontal PDLSC in a dose-dependent manner and induces in the cells processes associated with the accumulation of calcifications, the intensity of formation of which directly depends on the "strength" of Notch signal. The results obtained in this work convince us that Notch is able to modulate osteogenic differentiation, affecting its effectiveness, apparently due to the strength of the signal that is transmitted to the cells.


The formation of complex between uranyl ion and glycine was investigated by the polarographic method. A reversible and diffusion controlled reduction waves were observed over the pH range 1.7 to 5.0 when the glycinate concentration was 0.049M to 0.393M. The effect of pH and the concentration of chelating agent on the half-wave potential has been determined. The chelate species and the electrode reactions have been established.


[Objective]To understand the disinfection quality of medical institutions in Lulong county of Hebei,so as to prevent and control the nosocomial infection. [Methods]According to Disinfection technology standard(Ministry of Health) and Hygienic standard for disinfection in hospital(GB 15982-1995),the disinfection effect was tested in medical institutions(including dental clinics) in Lulong county of Hebei. [Results]From 2008 to 2010,a total of 195 medical institutions were tested(61 in 2008,66 in 2009 and 68 in 2010),and the total qualified rate was 94.61%(2 389/2 525).The annual qualified rate of disinfection effect showed an increasing trend,which was 91.28%(723/792),94.04%(805/856) and 98.17%(861/ 877),respectively. [Conclusion]The disinfection quality of medical institutions at different levels in Lulong county was good,but qualified rates of indoor air and object surface were low.It is necessary to strengthen the training of disinfection knowledge among medical staff,improve the management and supervision in medical institutions,enhance the disinfection quality of medical institutions,so as to prevent and control the nosocomial infection.


This text is intended to provide a set of comprehensive set of materials to people involved in teaching English to speakers of Khmer; serve as a self-teaching textbook for Khmer speakers attempting to learn English on their own; and to provide a reference grammar for students of English as a second language through the book's model sentences, pronunciation drills, grammar notes, pattern drills, examples, and indices.


Introduction: The progenitor Wistar Kyoto (WKY) model, outbred from Wistar rats, demonstrates neurochemical and behavioural profiles similar to symptom-presenting depressive patients and may be particularly suitable for teasing out interconnecting phenomena underlying depression and inflammation. Aims and Objectives: To investigate links between brain function and peripheral infection which has gained currency during the current pandemic, there is a need to find suitable models. Methods: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was administered to assay neurobehaviours, brain and liver enzyme activity. First, baseline indices of anxiety (elevated plus maze-EPM) and learned helplessness (forced swim test-FST) concerning Wistars was obtained. Results: WKYs demonstrated increased anxiety and inhibitory behaviours in the EPM while risk-taking was reduced. On habituation to the FST, WKY demonstrated reduced immobility, increased swimming and climbing behaviours. In the test, increased adaptive responses were observed. LPS induced a further increase in anxiety levels (EPM) with a concomitant decrease in exploratory behaviour in the novel activity box. Centrally, LPS reduced monoamine oxidase activity in the frontal cortex and hypothalamus while hypothalamic acetylcholinesterase activity was increased. Peripherally, LPS increased liver glutathione activity, with no effect on malondialdehyde at the dose tested. Conclusion: The WKY model could therefore prove a valuable model to test the 'double hit' hypothesis in understanding the neuro-immune link in depression.


Analysis of the Influence of Work Discipline with Employee Commitment to Employee Performance at PT. Jasa Marga Branch Surabaya-Gempol. This study analyzed various factors that can affect employee performance at PT. Jasa Marga Branch Surabaya-Gempol (Y). The purpose of the research is to look at the simultaneous influence of work discipline and employee commitment to employee performance at PT. Jasa Marga Surabaya-Gempol Branch, To see the influence of work discipline with partial employee commitment to employee performance, and to know the real influence of each discipline of work factors with employee commitment to the performance of company employees. The population is employees in PT. Jasa Marga Surabaya Branch - Gempol as many as 30 people. The sample was determined from 100% of the total population; therefore, the sample in this study was 30 employees, where the determination was through the technique of total sampling (saturated sampling). This study uses a model of analysis of multiple linear regression data. The model was chosen because it wants to see the significant influence of independent variables on employee performance simultaneously or partially. Conclusions in this study include: (1) factors of recognition of work, performance, work itself, awards and responsibilities simultaneously affect the performance of employees at PT. Jasa Marga Branch Surabaya-Gempol (Y), (2) All factors of work discipline, employee commitment and education level partially affect employee performance in the company, (3) The dominant influencing of employee performance in this company is leadership with a partial influence of 39.9%.


After the release of two national strategies(" Yellow and Blue Strategies") as " Development Plan of the Yellow River Delta Efficient Ecological Economic Zone " and " Blue Economic Zone Development Plan in Shandong Peninsula",as the only city which is fully brought into the scope of the two strategic planning area,the pace of changing land use model has been sped up in Dongying city.In this paper,land use models in Dongying city before and after the release of the " Yellow and Blue Strategies" have been compared and analyzed,experiences in land use conversion have been summarized,and countermeasures for good land use in the future have been put forward.


Source and bulk layout style is investigated for the purpose of improving ESD performance of multi-fingered high-voltage (HV) LDMOS. The device with bulk and source interleaved dotting (BSDOT) is fabricated in a 0.5μm 24V CDMOS process. Its ESD characteristics are studied employing transmission line pulse (TLP) measurement. Compared to traditional gate grounded nLDMOS (GG-nLDMOS) with a total length of 400μm, the proposed device can effectively increase the secondary breakdown current (It2) from 2.43A to 5.55A without any extra chip area.


Introduction Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck, popularly referred to as the "golden apple snail", was introduced in the Philippines from the United States in 1980 as an aquarium novelty (Guerrero 2002), for commercial production and as dietary protein supplement in rural areas (Dong et al 2011). However, it has been reported that golden apple snails were introduced without prior studies on market information and ecological impact (Teo 2004; Dong et al 2011). To date, golden apple snail was recognized as a serious pest having the attributes of fast growth, phenomenal reproductive capacity and a voracious appetite for vegetation (Baldia 1989). Aside from rice seedlings, it also attack wide range of plants including ornamental plants, algae, azolla, duck weed, water hyacinth, corn, citrus, ramie and other succulent leafy plant (Dong et al 2011; Baldia 1989). In the Philippines, golden apple snail infested area expanded rapidly from 9500 ha in 1986 to 426,000 ha in 1988 to over 500,00 ha by 1989 and more than 800,000 ha in 1995 (Cowie 2006; Cagauan & Joshi 2003; Joshi et al 2005; Joshi 2005). In 1997, Pagulayan documented that apart from being an agricultural pest, the golden apple snail has also replaced the native freshwater snail, Pila conica, in Luzon (Guerrero 2002). In Japan, Pomacea apple snail was introduced as an edible snail from Taiwan, in 1981 (Mochida 1991). After that, juveniles were sometimes introduced directly from Argentina (Miyazaki 1985). Growth and reproduction of golden snails were not the same from different regions. The review by Dong et al (2011) indicated that golden apple snail in the Philippines behaved in a similar way with the snails in Sabah, but in Japan and Argentina, the snails took a longer time to reach maturity and hatching success being lower with fewer eggs in each cluster. Therefore, allopatric populations inhabiting different habitats may show ecomorphological variations and a questionable species status (Alonso et al 2006). It was suggested that the apple snails had a high adaptability to the new environment and was easier to form a new populations (Dong et al 2011). It is argued that rapid invasion of this species in many variable habitats suggests genetic variability and differentiation which could be expressed at the level of the phenotype or genotype (Tabugo et al 2010). With this background, the primary aim of the study was to analyze and understand the shell shape patterns of Pomacea canaliculata collected from agricultural and freshwater ecosystems found in Lanao del Norte and Misamis Occidental, Philippines and in Kikuchi and Okishi, Japan. This research was carried out to detect variations on shell shapes through geometric morphometry by means of Relative Warp Analysis. Correlation Analysis (CORIANDIS) based on distances was also used to better understand variability based on landmark data (Marquez & Knowles 2007). This information could be useful as a preliminary approach Abstract. The Golden Apple Snail (GAS), Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck is considered one of the serious agricultural pests of rice in Asia. It is being argued that rapid invasion of this species in many variable habitats suggests genetic variability and differentiation which could be expressed at the level of the phenotype. It is therefore the major objective of the study to explore possible phenotypic differentiation in the organism especially in the shape of the shell using geometric morphometric (GM) analysis. Specifically, this study aimed to determine conchological variation in populations of GAS in the Philippines and Japan. Three aspects of the shell shape were studied, which includes the ventral/aperture, dorsal and the top/whorl portion of the shell using correlation analysis based on distances (CORIANDIS). CORIANDIS was used in order to visualize congruence of multivariate traits among P. canaliculata populations. The results showed that P. canaliculata shell varies in shape and variability may signify distinctive genotypes or adaptation to varying environments exhibited by Japan and the Philippines.


The -congruence Sylvester equation is the matrix equation , where , and are given, whereas is to be determined. Here, or , and (transposed) or (conjugate transposed). Very recently, Satake et al. showed that under some conditions, the matrix equation for the case is equivalent to the generalized Sylvester equation. In this paper, we demonstrate that the result can be extended to the case . Through this extension, the least squares solution of the -congruence Sylvester equation may be obtained using well-researched results on the least squares solution of the generalized Sylvester equation.


The construction of major epidemic interception system is an effective means to prevent harmful foreign pests. This article makes analysis on the necessity of building major epidemic interception system in Liaoning province, expounds on the layout and task of three main blocking belts, and gives an introduction to the construction progress and effect in building these blocking belts with a view to providing reference for Liaoning Province to tackle major epidemics.


In this present work, a new kind of sulfurized hydrodesulfurization catalyst was synthesized via the hydrothermal treatment of MoS2, NiCO3·2Ni(OH)2·4H2O, and Al2O3 precursors, followed by annealing under a H2 atmosphere, which does not require a sulfurization process compared to traditional preparation methods. The influence of the annealing temperature and the type of Al2O3 precursor on the interactions between MoS2 and Al2O3 were studied using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption–desorption, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The results indicated an increase in the number of stacked layers of the MoS2 catalyst, accompanied by a decrease in the degree of decoration of Ni atoms onto MoS2 nanoslabs, as a result of the strengthened MoS2–Al2O3 interaction. Subsequently, the efficiency of hydrodesulfurization (HDS) was evaluated using dibenzothiophene as a representative reactant, while establishing a correlation between the structure of the catalyst and its performance. The catalysts, using pseudo-boehmite as the precursor and calcined at 500 °C, synthesized by calcining pseudo-boehmite as the precursor for Al2O3 at a temperature of 500 °C and possessing suitable metal–support interactions, exhibited a reduced number of MoS2 stacking layers and lateral dimensions, along with an optimal decoration degree of Ni atoms, thereby resulting in the highest level of HDS activity.


METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CHARACTERIZATION AND DISCRIMINATION BILL AND DOCUMENTS OF CURRENT LEGAL, which method is based on the decomposition SURFACE OF THE DOCUMENT IN DIFFERENT ZONES FEATURES, for further analysis DETAILED EACH AREA UNDER CONDITIONS DEPENDENT FEATURES SAME. The method includes auto-calibration PROCEDURE FOR APPARATUS AND OTHER DOCUMENT self-centering. The apparatus incorporates an optical system consisting of plates (3 and 4) between which the document, at least one mirror (11) DIRECTING THE IMAGE TO A LINEAR sensor (8), a diaphragm (10) CORRECTION OF LIGHT AND MOVES FOCUS, AND A meniscus lens (9) and there being a INFRARED LIGHT SOURCE (13) and a light source spectrum (14).


In this paper I draw from Husserl's lectures on ethics and manuscripts on phantasy to clarify the role and the structure of aesthetic education within a phenomenological theory of value experience. First, I show that Husserl's take on emotions as material contents of value experiences involves the problem of justifying the validity of the relation between factual emotional states and ideal values. I then suggest, on the basis of some of Husserl's phenomenological arguments on phantasy, that this discrepancy can be bridged through the enjoyment of art – that is, through a process of aesthetic education. I will focus, as Husserl does, on theatrical art as a case study. My aim is to support the claim that artistic phantasy offers us the possibility of an education of emotions by helping us to progressively explore the eidetic structure of emotional states in their individuality, but regardless of their isolated here and now (that is, of their factual occasionality). The first part of the argument refers mainly to the last chapters of Husserl's Einleitung in die Ethik (1920/1924). The second part focuses on a 1918 manuscript. I conclude by hinting at how the idea of a phenomenological aesthetic education could help providing a coherent interpretation of Husserl's ethics, while also contributing to the ongoing debate about fictional objects.


Objective To evaluate the preparation method and effect by means of watching the quality control standard of Frozen Thawed Deglycerolized red blood cell which prepared by frozen red blood cell and frozen Thawed Deglycerol with ACP215 full-automatic cell washing instrument.Methods Extract some suspension of red blood cell which were stored for 6 days at 2-6 ℃,and ACP215 glycerolized red blood cell which were stored at the temperature of below-65℃ at random way,and then quickly put them into water bath for melting.At last,use ACP215 to wash deglycerol with the aim of preparing frozen Thawed Deglycerolized red blood cell.Results The average recovery ratio of red blood cell was(84.06±2.07),the concentration of free hemoglobin was(0.49±0.11) g/L,the ratio of vitro hemolysis test was(11.59±2.69)%,the concentration of remnant glycerol was(3.51±1.27) g/L,the ratio of remnant leukocyte was(0.48±0.22)%,and the ratio of remnant platelet was(0.37±0.16).For the bacterial cultivation,all cases were negative which had met the international requirements of 'Quality Standard of Whole Blood and Blood Components'.Conclusions Prepare the frozen red blood cell with ACP215,store at low temperature and washed the deglycerol with standardized operation method which is easy and high efficient,as well as makes the product quality more steady and reliable.This method can be used for the preservation of rare blood type and autogenous blood,to ease the lacking of blood supply and ensure the safety of clinical transfusion effectively.


This research was conducted under greenhouse conditions to evaluate the optimum combination of irrigation and fertilizer levels to attain the best yield and quality of tomato crop. The experiment was conducted by using a split-plot design with three replicates. Irrigation levels were applied to the main plots and fertilizer levels to the sub-plots. For each experimental unit, the irrigation levels were W1=8mm/day, W2=7mm/day, W3=6mm/day , and W4=5mm/day. Fertilizers treatments varied during the growing season. For the period after transplanting till flowering, the treatments consisted of weekly applications of F1= (N1, P1, K1, respectively, 9.8, 6.13, 7.35 g /plot), F2= (N2, P1, K1, respectively,14.7, 6.13 , 7.35g/plot), F3= (N2, P2, K1, respectively,14.7, 9.19, 7.35 g/plot), and F4=(N2, P2, K2, respectively, 14.7, 9.19, 11.0 g/plot). Fertilizer levels were increased as the plants developed during the growing season. Plant height and the number of flowers per tomato plant were measured during the growing season and at harvesting time. Random samples of tomato leaves and fruits were taken from each experimental plot to determine the percentage of dry matter, total nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents of fruits and leaves. Total yield during harvesting period and average fruit weight were also measured. Results indicated that irrigation and fertilizer levels had significant effects on the number of flowers per plant and W1F2 combination was significantly the most effective treatment compared to the other treatments. Plant height was not affected significantly by any treatment. The total yield significantly increased in W3F1 treatment. Average fruit weight was significantly higher in W2F3 as compared to the other treatments .The percentage of dry matter was significantly affected by the treatment W3F3 in both leaves and fruits. Total leaf contests of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium significantly increased in W2F4 treatment. Total nitrogen content in tomato fruits did not show any significant difference among different treatments, whereas fruit phosphorus and potassium contents significantly increased in W2F3 and W4F4 treatments.


This paper presents novel receiver processing for wideband continuous phase modulation (CPM). It is shown that a relatively simple basis function expansion can be used to reduce the receiver complexity for channel estimation and equalisation of CPM signals. Simulation results show that, in general, only two orthogonal basis functions are required in the receiver irrespective of the parameters for the transmitted CPM waveform. In addition, error rate performance curves demonstrate a robust frequency domain equaliser for multipath channels when compared to more traditional time domain techniques.


This paper is presented in an attempt to validate the dynamic response of a microgrid to line-to-line short circuit. The microgrid components include two identical Wind Turbine Generators (WTGs) tied to a 100MVA, 13.8kV utility via a Point of Common Coupling (PCC). The utility-microgrid testbed is modeled in SIMPOWERSystems® using two Doubly-Fed Induction Generators (DFIGs) in the microgrid side. While in islanded operating mode, line-to-line short circuit fault is applied at 6.0s and withdrawn at 8.0s, obtaining a 50.0s dynamic response of the system for different fault locations, under voltage and reactive power control regimes of the wind turbine controller. For measurement purpose, the absolute value of the stator complex voltage is transformed to  reference frame. Bidirectional power flow between the two feeders is established in the study. The study also confirms that the microgrid composed of DFIGs offer reactive power management capability, particularly by presenting superior performance when stressed under Q control regime than under V control regime. Finally, the response of the testbed to line-to-line short circuit has been validated and shown to be consistent with established short circuit theory.


According to a recent report in Decanter online, the results of a study in Spain showed that drinking significantly reduces the risk of depression in woman.


7039 Background: Available prognostic scores in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) are based on multiple variables with conflicting results. The aims of the study were to identify prognostic fact...


The IEEE 802.11e draft specification is intended to solve the performance problems of WLANs for real time traffic by extending the original 802.11 medium access control (MAC) protocol and introducing priority access mechanisms in the form of the enhanced distributed channel access mechanism (EDCA) and hybrid coordination channel access (HCCA). The draft standard comes with a lot of configurable parameters for channel access, admission control, etc. but it is not very clear how real time traffic actually performs with respect to capacity and throughput in such WLANs that deploy this upcoming standard. In this report we have provided detailed simulation results on the performance of enterprise-anticipated real time VoIP application and collaborative video conferencing in presence of background traffic in EDCA-based IEEE 802.11 WLANs. We estimate the channel capacity and acceptable load conditions for some important enterprise usage scenarios. Subsequently, admission control limits are experimentally derived for these usage scenarios for voice and video traffic. Our simulations show that admission control greatly helps in maintaining the quality of admitted voice calls and video conferencing sessions that are prioritized as per EDCA mechanisms within acceptable channel load conditions. The use of admission control allows admitted voice calls and video sessions to retain their throughput and delay characteristics while unadmitted traffic (voice/video streams) greatly suffer from poor quality (delays, packet drops, etc.) as the channel load increases


Sediment samples were collected from 77 lakes in the Mackenzie Delta representing a gradient of lakes from those having continual connection with the sediment-laden Mackenzie River to lakes having connection for only a cou- ple of days every few years. Diatom assemblages in all lakes were dominated by a diverse benthic microflora, primar- ily from the genera Navicula and Nitzschia. Maximum relative abundance of the dominant taxon at all sites was less than 30%, and most taxa did not dominate in more than one or two lakes. Delta lake assemblages were distinct from diatom assemblages associated with other regional transects of upland tundra and forest lakes. Detrended correspon - dence analysis showed that nonmotile epiphytic genera, such as Cocconeis and Gomphonema, were more common in lakes having a lower influence from the Mackenzie River, reflecting the extensive macrophyte growth within these lakes. Species diversity decreased as macrophyte production increased. Taxa responses along this macrophyte produc- tion gradient were modeled using partial least squares regression. Diatoms were sensitive to the degree of river influ - ence, and the related biological and limnological changes, suggesting assemblages can provide an indication of hydrological variability within Mackenzie Delta lakes.


Nucleon charge and magnetic form factors are computed in an independent-quark model with an equally mixed scalar and vector confining potential in square root form taking into account the corrections due to center-of-mass motion and pion-clound effects. The values obtained for the nucleon static properties such as the magnetic moment, charge radius and axial vector coupling constant in the neutron beta decay process agree reasonably with the corresponding experimental data. The pseudo-scalar and pseudo-vector pion-nucleon coupling constants are found to be gNNπ=13.43 and fNNπ=0.282, which are in excellent agreement with the experimental data.


In this paper we describe the Vertically Integrated Projects (VIP) Program at Purdue University. The VIP Program provides an opportunity for undergraduate students to earn academic credit while engaging in authentic and extended research and design projects related to active research areas of Purdue faculty members and national, international, and industry-sponsored design challenges. Students can participate on interdisciplinary and vertically integrated teams (first-year through seniors) with faculty and graduate student mentors for multiple semesters to address these real-world research and design challenges. Specifically, we discuss project examples in the area of signal processing, including image processing and machine learning, and how the participation of a diverse group of students is facilitated via the VIP program model.


Conventional digital predistortion (DPD) techniques are facing the challenge of complexity in the fifth generation (5G) and beyond concurrent dual-band terminal transmitters. This article proposes novel low-complexity behavior models for the DPD of terminal power amplifiers (PAs). Derived from the conventional memory polynomial (MP) model, the new models utilize magnitude-selective affine (MSA) functions as nonlinear basis functions to greatly decrease the model complexity. The proposed paralleled envelope indexed 2-D MSA (PI-2-D-MSA) model and combined envelope indexed 2-D MSA (CI-2-D-MSA) model take both the in-band intermodulation and cross-band modulation into account and can well compensate for nonlinear distortion in dual-band terminal PAs. Moreover, the proposed models are extended to nonuniform sampling rate (NSR) scenarios, where the aliasing effect for the low sampling rate band is analyzed. Simulations and experimental measurements under the uniform sampling rate and the NSR scenarios were carried out on a 1.7–2.8-GHz wideband Doherty PA and a 4.4–5.0-GHz class-AB terminal PA and demonstrated the linearization performances of the proposed models. The total numbers of floating-point operations (FLOPs) of the PI-2-D-MSA and the CI-2-D-MSA models were 11% and 8% of that of the prior 2-D-MP model, respectively. Even though their linearization accuracy deteriorated, the relaxed linearization standard for terminal transmitters can still be achieved.


Objective To observe the influence of specific short hairpin siRNA targeting EGFR gene on apoptosis of human ovarian cancer Skov-3 cells in vitro. Methods A plasmid of a short hairpin siRNA targeting EGFR was constructed, and it was transfeeted into Skov-3 cell line by lipofectamine 2000. Human ovarian carcinoma cells of the line Skov-3 were cultured and divided into 3 groups: control group; non-specific group, transfected with non-specific plasmid vector; and specific group, transfected with specific small hairpin RNA expression vector. The expression of EGFR mRNA and protein were examined by RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry, Flow cytometry (FCM) was adopted to analyze quantitatively apoptotic cells in each group. Results After transfection of pshRNA-EGFR, mRNA and protein levels of EGFR gene in Skov-3 cells were obviously reduced. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that apoptosis could be induced in Skov-3 cells line transfected with pshRNA-EGFR in a time-dependent manner, no obvious apoptosis were detected in control group and non-specific group. Conclusion The plasmid expressive vector target at EGFR in our study is capable of suppressing EGFR expression of human ovarian cancer Skov-3 cells and inducing apoptosis, which provide a new way for the gene therapy of human ovarian cancer.

Key words:
Genes,erbB-1; Ovarian neoplasms; RNA interference; Apoptosis


This article demonstrates how currently available digital elevation (NASA SRTM; 30 m resolution) and hourly global precipitation data (rain, snow; 5 and 10 km resolution) can be used to hydrographically quantify the regional watershed management context across northern Chile. This is done through comprehensive derivations of flow direction, flow accumulation, flow channels, floodplain extent, depressions, and upslope watershed outlines. In turn, these derivations allow for estimating potential precipitation accumulations within any watershed, and turn these into subsequent storm-averaged discharge estimates at, e.g., at any road—flow-channel crossing points. This article elaborates on this by modelling and mapping hydrological conditions and subsequent storm damage at the regional scale and at select locations in terms of recent flood events on March 2015, May 2017, and June 2017. It was found that modelled flood extent and storm-estimated discharge volumes and rates generally conform to reported values including storm-caused damages within communities along the Huasco, Elqui, Limari, Copiapo and Salado rivers. This included the storm response assessment of six water reservoirs as these varied, as quantified, from normal (Puclaro, La Laguna, Cogoti), at capacity (La Paloma, Cogoli), and overflowing (Recoleta). The details of the local to regional assessments are presented in the form hydrologically explicit maps, figures and tables. Together, these attest to the general validity of the framework as introduced. Hydrometrically based stream-discharge calibrations would assist in further refining the approach, especially in terms of estimating local to regional run-off coefficients.


AIM: To explore the change of plasma branched-chain amino acids( BCAAs) level in patients with chronic congestive heart failure( CHF) and its correlation with NT-pro-brain natriuretic peptide( NT-pro-BNP) and left ventricular ejection fraction( LVEF). METHODS: Plasma BCAAs and NT-pro-BNP were detected with commercial ELISA kits and LVEF was measured by echocardiography in168 CHF patients( CHF group) and 41 normal subjects( control group). RESULTS: No significant difference was observed in the general data between groups. The levels of plasma BCAAs and LVEF in CHF group were lower than those in control group,but the level of NT-pro-BNP in the CHF group was higher( all P 0. 01). With the increase of NYHA classification,NT-pro-BNP increased( all P 0. 01),but plasma BCAAs level did not change significantly( P 0. 05). In partial correlation analyses adjusted for gender,age,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and body mass index,plasma BCAAs level was negatively correlated with NT-pro-BNP and was not associated with LVEF. CONCLUSION:Plasma BCAA level in CHF group is lower than in control group and is negatively correlated with NT-proBNP concentration,indicating that BCAAs might play a role in metabolic remodeling of the failing heart,which provides a novel strategy for treatment of heart failure.


Super high yield wheat cultivars Luomai 21 and Wenmai 18 were planted in the high yield wheat field with favorable soil,fertilizer and water conditions were used to study grain yield capacity, photosynthetic characteristics and carbon and nitrogen metabolism at late growth stages of wheat. The results showed that:the yield of super high yield wheat cultivars Luomai 21 and Zhoumai 18 increased more significant than that of Wenmai 6(CK) by 13.02%and 9.92%respectively.The difference in number of ears of super high yield wheat cultivars per hectare was not significant with CK,kernels per ear were 38,the thousand grain weight was more than 49 g,which were different significantly with CK.Pn,photosynthetic leaf area index and PSⅡmaximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm) of super high yield wheat cultivars were higher than those of CK at late growth period,and their growth periods were longer and chlorophyll contents were higher.At the same time,soluble sugar content and soluble protein content in flag leaves of super high yield wheat were higher and decreased more slowly than CK;showing their higher ability to use light and longer duration of photosynthetic function. That was key physiological reason for grain yield enhancement during wheat cultivars improvement.


Being compared with conventional fluorescent lamps, the cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFL) have more compact size, longer lifetime and higher light efficiency. Therefore, they have been widely used as illuminating source and background lighting in LCD panel and notebook computers. However, there is lack of a suitable CCFL model which can be used for ballast designer to apply in their designing work. This paper proposes a simple and user friendly CCFL model which can help a ballast designer to predict the electrical characteristics of a CCFL under different operating frequencies and different dimming conditions. The model is developed based on the energy balance equations governing the discharge process of the cold cathode fluorescent lamps. The simulation results show that the model can predict the lamp electrical characteristics accurately under both low and high operating frequency.


Knowledge transfer from large teacher models to smaller student models has recently been studied for metric learning, focusing on fine-grained classification. In this work, focusing on instance-level image retrieval, we study an asymmetric testing task, where the database is represented by the teacher and queries by the student. Inspired by this task, we introduce asymmetric metric learning, a novel paradigm of using asymmetric representations at training. This acts as a simple combination of knowledge transfer with the original metric learning task.We systematically evaluate different teacher and student models, metric learning and knowledge transfer loss functions on the new asymmetric testing as well as the standard symmetric testing task, where database and queries are represented by the same model. We find that plain regression is surprisingly effective compared to more complex knowledge transfer mechanisms, working best in asymmetric testing. Interestingly, our asymmetric metric learning approach works best in symmetric testing, allowing the student to even out-perform the teacher.Our implementation is publicly available,1 including trained student models for all loss functions and all pairs of teacher/student models.2


This work is devoted to theoretical and experimental investigation of the problem of excess noise and deep level defects diagnostics in semiconductor barrier structures. Different models of deep energy levels recharging and relaxation processes in semiconductor barrier structures are discussed. The activation-drift model of low-frequency noise generation in physically barrier layers with the influence of the Frenkel effect has been developed. Experimental studies of deep levels in the semiconductor structures and devices with taken into account the Frenkel effect allows predicting more precisely the reliability and performance characteristics.


Objective
To investigate the effect of comprehensive rehabilitation exercise on the rehabilitation of upper limb function and quality of life in patients with breast cancer.

Methods
From January 2014 to December 2017, 68 cases received breast cancer surgery in Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital were chosen in the research.The patients were randomly divided into observation group (34 cases) and control group (34 cases). All the patients were given routine rehabilitation training, and the observation group was given latissimus dorsi muscle strengthening exercise and simplified 24 Style Taijiquan exercise.The upper limb function rehabilitation and quality of life of the two groups were compared and analyzed.

Results
At 2 months after operation, the angle of extension, the angle of internal rotation and the adduction strength in the observation group were (39.43±5.82)°, (150.7±10.34)° and (145.24±10.35)N, respectively, which in the control group were (33.71±5.28)°, (134.10±39.43)° and (119.57±9.46)N, respectively, which were significantly improved compared with those before discharge (t=12.041, 3.883, 11.807, 4.906, 21.904, 11.617, all P<0.05), which in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (t=4.244, 6.166, 10.674, all P<0.05). The pain, ADL and ROM scores in the observation group at 2 months after operation were (13.27±4.51)points, (16.48±4.22)points and (31.46±5.64)points, respectively, which in the control group were (10.73±4.15)points, (12.05±4.13)points and (26.57±5.16)points, respectively, which were significantly higher than before discharge (t=5.238, 2.503, 10.953, 5.531, 12.872, 9.160, all P<0.05), which in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(t=2.417, 4.375, 3.730, all P<0.05). The WHOQOL-BREF scores in the observation group at 2 months after operation were (17.24±2.81)points, (16.74±3.18)points, (17.45±2.56)points, (33.48±5.15)points, (3.97±1.05)points and (3.87±1.18)points, respectively, which in the control group were (14.21±3.08)pionts, (13.81±3.28)points, (13.45±2.83)points, (28.81±4.82)points, (3.26±1.16)points, (3.18±1.28)points, respectively, compared with those before discharge, the differences were statistically significant(t=9.669, 4.965, 8.327, 4.857, 10.522, 4.198, 11.487, 7.132, 5.572, 2.688, 5.178, 2.727, all P<0.05), which in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(t=4.238, 3.740, 6.112, 4.638, 2.646, 2.311, all P<0.05).

Conclusion
A positive comprehensive rehabilitation exercise for the patients with breast cancer is helpful to the recovery of the function of the upper limb and the improvement of the quality of life of the patients.

Key words:
Breast neoplasms; Upper limb; Function; Exercise; Quality of life


1,4-Diphenyl- and 1,4-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,4-butanediones (3 and 4), as well as 1-phenyl-, 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-, and 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,4-pentanediones (7-9) react with bis(tributyltin), bis(tricyclohexyltin), and/or bis-(triphenyltin) sulfide in the presence of boron trichloride to give, 2,5-diaryl- or 5-methyl-2-arylthiophenes


The synthesis problem of sliding mode variable structure control is investigated for a class ofuncertain Delta operator system with internal parameter perturbation and external disturbance. The differences and similarities of designing sliding mode controller based on two types of idealreaching law and exponential reaching law. The pro-posed methodsbring previous related conclusions of continuous time system and discrete-time system into unified delta operator system. Slidingmode control system designed by employing two types of reaching lawsnot only can reach the region of the switching surface in finite time,but also decrease the system chattering effectively. The simulation results illustrate the the feasibility and validity ofthe proposed approaches.


After WTO entry and world economy unification development, financial administration requires higher standards. The innovation of financial administration must be furthered and internationalization complexity and multiple financial administration modes must be explored by learning from the experience of western countries.


ARTIKEL INFO ABSTRACT Tanggal diterima: 5 April 2021 Tanggal revisi: 15 April 2021 Tanggal yang disetujui: 25 April 2021 One of the government's efforts to increase public health standard is by organizing Healthy Indonesia Program with family approach. The indicator is that no one of the family members smoke. Smoking inside a house in Deli Serdang Regency is one of the public health problems. The result of the preliminary survey in 30 families who were wet rice field farmers in Deli Serdang Regency showed that 87% of them smoked inside the their houses. The objective of the research was to analyze the relation of predisposing factors (knowledge, attitude) and reinforcing factors (the role of health care providers and wives' support) with smoking behavior inside the house of wet rice field farmers. The research used survey method with cross sectional design. The samples were 106 wet rice field farmers, taken by using simple random sampling technique. The data were gathered by using questionnaires and analyzed by using univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with chi square test. The result of the research showed that there was the relation of knowledge, attitude, the role of health care providers, and wives' support with the behavior of smoking inside the houses of wet rice field farmers. It is recommended that the Health Agency of Deli Serdang Regency make a policy of no smoking area houses and create special corners for smokers. The health care providers at the puskesmas should do health promotion to increase people's knowledge and attitude of wet rice field farmers and empower their wives in preventing their husbands from smoking inside their houses; they have to smoke outside their houses.


Emotional Intelligence (EQ) has received lots of attention in the current literature and popular culture. It has been suggested that EQ is an important variable in how successful individuals will be in the workplace. Previous literature has explored the relationship between EQ and stress, exploring the possibility that those who score higher on an instrument of EQ will experience less perceived stress. This study seeks to expand upon this literature and add a new variable to the equation. It was posited in this study that goodness of fit has a positive relationship with EQ. The goodness of fit hypothesis stems from the research by Richard Lazarus and Susan Folkman, which basically states that there are two different ways of dealing with a stressful event, with the use of either problem or emotion-focused coping. Problemfocused coping is dealing .with the event in direct fashion where emotion-focused coping is dealing with emotions that the stressful event triggers. The goodness of fit hypothesis states that with events that, can be controlled problem focused coping would result in reduced stress and in situations that can not be controlled emotion-focused


The invention relates to the computer vision technology field, and provides a multi-human face tracking method based on the relevant vector machine. The method which can improve the studying quality comprises the following steps that: initialization detection is carried out to a scene, and the detected human face is constructed with a human face motion model and a color model, which are stored into a human face model database; at the same time, the state of the detected human face is initialized, and then is recorded into a human face state database; during the multi-human face tracking process, different tracking methods are adopted according to the different states of the human face, and detection is carried out to the tracking result, so as to change the state information of the human face according to the detection result; during the tracking process, a whole image searching is carried out once a plurality of frames, so as to detect the human face which is failed in being tracked and the new human face which enters into the scene. The invention requires no manual intervention, and can simultaneously detect and track random multi-human faces at a quick operating speed, thereby satisfying the real-time processing requirement.


In the developed and developing countries most of our lives are dominated by electronic systems, whether these are for transportation, food distribution, supply of electricity or air transport. Each of these systems will require to be controlled and in most cases this will be exercised from a centralised node — a control room. Current, electronically based control rooms were preceded by mechanical ones — such as manual signal boxes on the railways — where direct linkages limited the distances between control point and operator. The advent of electronic links, replacing hydraulic and mechanical ones, revolutionised the entire topology of controlling systems. The subsequent twin effects of increasing geographic cover, and economies of scale, has raised the stakes for getting control rooms right the first time. The additional use of computers, to support the decision making undertaken by control room operators, adds yet another dimension to the complexities involved in the planning, design and implementation of control rooms. It is now clear that for most control rooms, and certainly the larger ones, a systematic approach needs to be adopted if the risks of failure are to be avoided. This paper discusses some of the key issues in control room planning and design including an approach based around the International Standard 11064 — The Ergonomic Design of Control Rooms (Ref. 1)


To explore the feasibility of implanting a self‐designed reusable double‐cavity bone harvest chamber into Guizhou mini‐pigs for observation of the osteogenic effect of human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (hBMP‐2) gene‐activated nano bone putty on bone in growth.


An expression for an accurate loss model has been derived for general systems containing off-nominal or complex off-nominal autotransformers and impedances to ground. This was achieved by carrying the open-path-closed-path relations derived in earlier papers in this series through the necessary reference frames. The loss model derived in this manner can be implemented in modern dispatching computers.


Marketing managements attempt to lower sales costs, expand distribution, and speed up product development cycles. But how can marketers themselves add value to the productivity equation?


On January 1, 1996 at 16:05 p.m. local time a strong earthquake of magnitude M = 7.8 struck the central part of Sulawesi Island (Indonesia). It was accompanied by tsunami waves 2 - 4 m high. 9 people were killed and 63 were injured. A tsunami survey was conducted by Indonesian and Russian specialists. The measured tsunami run-up heights and eyewitness accounts are reported. The problem of land subsidence measuring is discussed. Historical data on the central part of Sulawesi Island tsunamis are described. Tsunami-risk prediction for the central part of Sulawesi Island has first been carried out.


While executive functions were long considered a mysterious entity, manifested only from adolescence, it has now been well established that these functions involve a multitude of processes and that the first forms of thought and action control appear at a very early stage of development. Paradoxically, the large number of studies on development of executive functions make it difficult to draw a coherent picture. The author closely examines these studies in pursuit of two principal objectives. First, he seeks to set out the different concepts that appear within the studies, especially by positioning executive functions in relation to working memory and attention. Then he sets out to reveal the main lines of the development of inhibition, the maintenance and updating of working memory and of cognitive flexibility. Some of the factors that promote or restrict this development are also underlined. At the end of this analysis, some new paths for research are suggested in the quest for better understanding of the nature of the links between the different executive functions and their development.


Is There Pay for Performance? We All Benefit When CEOs Perform The Role of Executive Pay in the Global Economic War: A Comparison of the United States, Japan, and Europe The Revolution in U.S. Corporate Governance and Its Impact on Executive Compensation Synchronized Pay: A Solution for Improving All-Employee Performance U.S. Executive Stock Ownership: A Source of Competitive Advantage Epilogue: What if the Bulls Stop Running? Selected Bibliography Appendix A: Types of Long-Term Incentive Plans Appendix B: The "Value" of an Employee Stock Option: A Brief Discussion of the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model Index


An analytical study of transient heat conduction with a moving heat source/sink is considered. In this study a closed form solution is obtained. By using the solution obtained, the spatial temperat...


This paper shows how systems science can clarify the debate and outline the basic differences between technology and sustainability. Deconstruction is a process by which the various meanings of a concept are ascertained. It is used to draw the characteristics of technology and sustainability. Each of these two concepts is driven by imperatives which are in conflict with each other. The discussion infers how they can be reconciled. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The Effects of Shared Reality on Emotional Experience and Regulation Valery Hazanov The current study consisted of a pilot and two experiments that explored the effects of "shared reality"—experiencing commonality with others' inner states about some aspect of the world—on clinically relevant emotional processes, such as emotional regulation, attachment, well-being, and positive and negative affects. The primary aim was to contribute to our understanding of the implications of social sharing on emotional experience and regulation, using the well-established paradigm of shared reality. Shared reality has been studied thus far in connection to social-cognitive processes such as memory and attribution. The current study is the first application of this paradigm to emotional research. The study showed that shared reality intensifies negative emotional reactions, but not ambiguous ones. In addition, the study showed that shared reality makes people feel less guilty and fearful, but failed to show that it increases secure attachment to others. The study suggests that shared reality operates by making aspects of perceived reality seem more relevant and thus, it is argued, more accesible. Implications of the findings to emotional research and clinical practice, as well as its limitations and possible future directions for research, are discussed. TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW 7 Sharing and relational aspects of emotional experience and regulation 7 Shared Reality 14 Related concepts to Shared Reality 21 Summary of relevant research and literature 22 CHAPTER III: SHARED REALITY AND EMOTIONAL EXPERIENCE AND REGULATION: A PILOT STUDY AND TWO SUBSEQUENT STUDIES 23 Pilot Study: Affect Labeling 24 Study 1: Labeling and Shared Reality 30 Summary of the pilot and study 1 and implementations for study 2 40 CHAPTER IV: STUDY 2: SHARED REALITY AND EMOTIONAL EXPERIENCE 45 Method 45 Hypotheses 54 Results of the Second Study 58 CHAPTER V: GENERAL DISCUSSION 66 REFERENCES 80 APPENDICES 88 Appendix A: An Example of an IAPS Image (Lang et. al, 2005) 88 Appendix B: SAM Scale (Lang, 1980) 89 Appendix C: PANAS Scale (Watson & Clark, 1994) 90 Appendix D: MAQ (Carver, 1997) 91 Appendix E: An Example of a Neutral and Ambiguous IAPS Image (Lang et,. al., 2005) 92


A new 2-[(2-substituted phenyl-5-methyl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one)-5-(2'-methylamino-4-phenyl-1',3'-thiazolyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazoles, 5(a-n) were synthesized from 2-substituted-benzylideneamino-5-[2'-methyl-amino 4'-phenyl-1',3'-thiazolyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazole, 4(a-n) using 2-amino-4-phenyl-1,3-thiazole as a starting material. The synthesised compounds have been screened in vitro for their antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus aureus bacteria and Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxisporium and Trichoderma viride fungi respectively. Some of the compounds displayed pronounced biological activity.


Rising acute hospital bed pressures that have persisted post-pandemic have led to increased surgical cancellations and growing waiting lists. Ashford and St Peters Hospital Trust set up a unique elective surgical hub at Ashford Hospital to ensure the continued provision of surgical services, unaffected by the capacity pressures of an acute hospital site. The introduction of a level 1.5 Enhanced Care Unit (ECU) has enabled many colorectal resections to be performed at the elective hub. We aim to evaluate elective colorectal resections at this hub since the introduction of ECU.

 Evaluated all elective colorectal resections in the 12 month period since the introduction of ECU (1st April 2021 - 31st March 2022). Procedure, surgical approach, histology, length of stay, post-operative complications and inter-hospital transfers were recorded for each case. Statistical analysis was performed on the data collected.

 In 12 months,169 and 36 colorectal resections took place at the acute site versus the elective respectively. At the elective hub, 50% of patients were male, the median age was 62.5 yrs, 89% were ASA 2. Right hemicolectomy was the most common procedure (50%) followed by high anterior resection (36%). The open conversion rate was 8%. Three patients (8%) required transfer to St Peter's, 2 of which had an anastomotic leak.

 An elective hub provides a safe location for colorectal resections. Appropriate case selection involving consultant surgeons and anaesthetists ensures low transfer rates. Expanding this service will relieve bed pressures at St Peters and reduce waiting lists.


Story stones can be a helpful tool to assist children in connecting words with visual images. Using them as prompts, repetition of words and phrases can help children improve their speech and language skills.


Music teaching in high normal schools is aimed at training music teachers for primary and middle schools. Therefore, vocal music teaching in high normal schools should enhance the trainees' ability of vocal music, exploit new teaching approaches, and emphasize the distinguishing features of training teachers, in order to improve the quality of teaching and promote the teaching reform and development.


Web Services Choreography Description Language(WS-CDL) is a main-stream standard for the description of peer-to-peer collaborations for the participants for service composition.The dependability of composite service processes specified in WS-CDL is predicted.It allows service designers and uses to decide whether the process meets the non-function requirements of trustworthiness,and to choose the process with better dependability from those with identical function.But, very limited research attention is paid to dependability of WS-CDL.This paper proposes a model-driven approach for dependability prediction of composite service based on WS-CDL.To model a composite service in a quantitative manner,a set of translation rules is given to map WS-CDL elements into Non-Markovian-Stochastic-Petri-Nets(NMSPN).Based on the NMSPN representation,the prediction algorithm is introduced to calculate the process-normal-completion-probability as the metric of dependability of service composition.The accuracy of the approach in the experimental study is also validated by showing 95% confidence intervals obtained from experimental dependability results cover corresponding theoretical prediction values.


In the first section of this paper after a brief introduction to the fiber optic sensors and their applications in railway industry, the limitations and capabilities of different types including the intensity, phase and wavelength modulated sensors and also their important parameters in these applications have been introduced. In the second section of the paper the simulation result of FBG and FPI sensors for railway application are introduced. For this purpose the rail-wheel interaction, using ANSYS software has been simulated. Finally a sensor for the purpose of measuring the train weight has been modeled and its performance in different conditions is studied.


Definitely completing my PhD training. For my PhD education in Texas, I drove 2 h each way to classes from Midland to night school at Lubbock, 3–4 days a week. I was working a full time day job as an academic in Odessa. Driving home after I successfully defended my dissertation I was almost delirious thinking I would never have to do that again. Ever.

Be nice to everyone, be patient, and relish the failures. My failures are instrumental in any of the accomplishments I've had thus far.

A 31 min drive to work, listening to sports talk on the radio, opening 150 or so emails from predatory journals and drinking about four cups of coffee.

I watched the 1980 US Hockey team (Miracle on Ice) beat the Soviet Union on an old Philco television when I was 15 years old. I remember how proud it made everyone in the USA and how much we needed a boost as a country.

I think I have a unique skill in taking complex information and simplifying it in a way that is useable to rehabilitative clinicians. At present, I think I've most influenced the understanding of diagnostic accuracy.

My heroes are those individuals who are service oriented, who do so in anonymity, and who sacrifice so that others can gain. I've …


Qinshihuang Mausoleum is the largest one of Emperor Mausoleums in our country. According to the historical records, there are great deals of treasures in the underground palace of Qinshihuang Mausoleum. One of 863 national projects used remote sensing technology and geophysical technology to detect Qinshihuang Mausoleum, and revealed the secrets about the position and arrangements of underground of Qinshihuang Mausoleum. The proposal that the further detection to see what in the underground palace should be done with drilling or tunneling technology companied with image technology, such as snake patterned robots, to keep the original structural and environmental facts from being destroyed is put forwards. New thoughts of using drilling and tunneling method for archaeological survey are offered.


In streaming media systems end-to-end delay jitter often leads to the discontinuity of information playback.According to the distributing character of multi-source streaming media,a setting strategy of multi-source streaming media buffer size based on grouping is proposed.This strategy not only guarantees the streaming media synchronization,but also ingeniously sloves the setting problem of buffer size,especially for the media programs of different code rates.


Metabotropic γ‐aminobutyric acid receptors (GABABRs) are involved in modulation of synaptic transmission and activity of cerebellar and thalamic neurons. We used subtype‐specific antibodies in pre‐ and postembedding immunohistochemistry combined with three‐dimensional reconstruction of labelled profiles and quantification of immunoparticles to reveal the subcellular distribution of pre‐ and postsynaptic GABABR1a/b and GABABR2 in the rat cerebellum and ventrobasal thalamus. GABABR1a/b and R2 were extensively colocalized in most brain regions including the cerebellum and thalamus. In the cerebellum, immunoreactivity for both subtypes was prevalent in the molecular layer. The most intense immunoreactivity was found in Purkinje cell spines with a high density of immunoparticles at extrasynaptic sites peaking at around 240 nm from glutamatergic synapses between spines and parallel fibre varicosities. This is in contrast to dendrites at sites around GABAergic synapses where sparse and random distribution was found for both subtypes. In addition, more than one‐tenth of the synaptic membrane specialization of spine–parallel fibre synapses were labelled at pre‐ or postsynaptic sites. Weak immunolabelling for both subtypes was also seen in parallel fibres but only rarely in GABAergic axons. In the ventrobasal thalamus, immunolabelling for both receptor subtypes was intense over the dendritic field of thalamocortical cells. Electron microscopy demonstrated an extrasynaptic localization of GABABR1a/b and R2 exclusively in postsynaptic elements. Quantitative analysis further revealed the density of GABABR1a/b around GABAergic synapses was higher than glutamatergic synapses on thalamocortical cell dendrites. The distinct localization of GABABRs relative to synaptic sites in the cerebellum and ventrobasal thalamus suggests that GABABRs differentially regulate activity of different neuronal populations.


The Fourth Amendment exclusionary rule has been the law of the land in all federal jurisdictions since 1914 and in all state jurisdictions since 1961. Yet critics continue to question the rule's constitutional pedigree. Generations of conservative jurists and scholars have called for the rule's abolition on "originalist" grounds. These scholars argue that the rule is of recent vintage, unsupported in the Fourth Amendment's text, and disloyal to the Amendment's original intent. In this paper, the author argues that exclusion is actually an ancient remedy, widely applied by courts in various contexts since the dawn of American history. Contrary to the writings of anti-exclusion scholars, the basic framework for the exclusionary rule was well established in the regular practices of Founding-era judges and lawyers. Indeed, the idea that exclusion or exclusion-like remedies were required by the search and seizure protections of the Founding period almost certainly predates by many years the earliest American holdings opposing exclusion. * Assistant Professor, New York Institute of Technology. Dr. Roots would like to thank Duane Horton of Portsmouth, Rhode Island, for his peerless proofreading efforts and innumerable helpful suggestions. 1. See Weeks v. United States, 232 U.S. 383, 398 (1914). 2. See Mapp v. Ohio, 367 U.S. 643, 655 (1961) (extending the federal exclusionary rule to state court practice under the Fourteenth Amendment). 3. See generally Yale Kamisar, The Writings of John Barker Waite and Thomas Davies on the Search and Seizure Exclusionary Rule, 100 MICH. L. REV. 1821 (2002) (discussing the history of criticism of the exclusionary rule). 4. Jerry E. Norton, The Exclusionary Rule Reconsidered: Restoring the Status Quo Ante, 33 WAKE FOREST L. REV. 261, 264 (1998) (writing of the "newly discovered exclusionary rule"). 5. See generally Akhil Reed Amar, Fourth Amendment First Principles, 107 HARV. L. REV. 757 (1994) [hereinafter Amar I]; AKHIL REED AMAR, THE CONSTITUTION AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE: FIRST PRINCIPLES (1997) [hereinafter Amar II]; AKHIL REED AMAR, THE BILL OF RIGHTS: CREATION AND RECONSTRUCTION (1998) [hereinafter Amar III]; Akhil Reed Amar, Against Exclusion (Except to Protect Truth or Prevent Privacy Violations), 20 HARV. J. L. & PUB. POL'Y 457 (1997) [hereinafter Amar IV]. ROOTS.FINAL1 1/13/2010 8:36 AM 2 GONZAGA LAW REVIEW [Vol. 45:1


During same years various medical effect of low-energy laser therapy in veterinary were tested. We established that the laser low-energy therapy can be very effective for treatment such animal's diseases as mastitis and demodekose when certain combinations of laser beam parameters are used. This combinations were taken as the principle of a number of laser veterinary apparatus, which we started to produce at `POLUS'. It is our series of apparatus `VEGA-MB' and `VETLAS-3', which is real used today for dogs and cows treatment in Russia.


This paper studied the impact of new industrial activities on ecological security in agricultural and animal husbandry interlaced areas, and provided reference for eco-environmental protection and sustainable development. A pressure-state-response (PSR) assessment model was established in the case of Yanchi County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The comprehensive weights of the indexes were determined by AHP and entropy weight, and the ecological security status of agricultural and animal husbandry interlaced areas was evaluated. The results show that the index of pressure system fluctuated and decreased, and went through the stage from "Safe" to "Unsafe"; The index of the state system showed a rising trend, from "Extremely unsafe" to "Relatively safe", which showed the sensitivity characteristic; The response system index had been increasing year by year, and had stabilized at a "Safe" level in 2019;The overall ecosystem security index showed a fairly good development trend, with significant improvement in ecosystem functions in 2019. On the basis of the stable state system, we should ease the pressure index in the ecological security system of Yanchi County, control the scale of tourists, reduce the damage of farming and animal husbandry to the cultivated layer, and stabilize the population.


Radical ethics refers to the obligation we always have to our neighbor, that is, to the stranger/other, my brother or sister. In this work I review my reading of the task of the clinician and psychoanalyst, as a professional and as a human being and the commitment it implies for the development of their work. To do this I review the thought of a Danish philosopher, Knud Ejler Løgstrup, in line with the thought of the Lithuanian Emmanuel Levinas, influenced by Heidegger, on the demand that weighs on the human being.


The author provides a conceptual framework for understanding differences among prosocial, individualistic, and competitive orientations, Whereas traditional models conceptualize prosocial orientation in terms of enhancing joint outcomes, the author proposes an integrative model of social value orientation in which prosocial orientation is understood in terms of enhancing both joint outcomes and equality in outcomes. Consistent with this integrative model, prosocial orientation (vs. individualistic and competitive orientarions) was associated with greater tendencies to enhance both joint outcomes and equality in outcomes; in addition, both goals were positively associated (Study 1). Consistent with interaction-relevant implications of this model, prosocial orientation was strongly related to reciprocity. Relative to individualists and competitors, prosocials were more likely to engage in the same level of cooperation as the interdependent other did (Study 2) and the same level of cooperation as they anticipated from the interdependent other (Study 3).


In this paper we provide the calculated orbit for the meteoroid of the meteorite-producting fireball that exploded over Romania on 7 January 2015. Based on a large number of records on cameras, a trajectory, speed, and orbital elements are computed. Then, the backward numerical integration of the Solar System's ordinary differential equations of motion is used to reconstruct the pre-atmospheric meteoroid's orbit.


Advancements in fast timing particle detectors have opened up new possibilities to design 4π collider detectors that fully reconstruct and separate event vertices and individual particles in the time domain. The applications of these techniques are considered for the physics at CEPC.


In recent years, although there are many researches on bilateral control, there is only little research on improvement of operationality. It will be so effective for operators to improve the operationality of the bilateral control system. In a bilateral control system, the law of action and reaction between master system which the operator manipulates, and the slave system which has contact with the environment is realized. Objective of this research is to eliminate the chattering and to reduce the impact on human operator at contact motion and to introduce controlling force to the slave manipulator to provide more comfort at the human operator's end. In this paper, a new method of improving the operationality which is based on a virtual torsional spring between master and slave system is discussed. Disturbance observer is used as the disturbance compensation tool and also to improve the system robustness. Then proposed method is applied by altering the bilateral control system. Finally the experimental results show the viability of the proposed method.


A method of realizing desktop robot's negative phototaxis through a neural network is presented. The biology is characteristic of biologic phototaxis and negative phototaxis. Can a machine be endowed with such a characteristic? This is the question we study in this paper. A randomly generated network is used as the main computational unit. Only the weights of the output units from this network are adjusted during the training phase. Learning samples are collected according to the energy function. It will be shown that this simple type of a biological realistic neural network is able to simulate robot controllers like that incorporated in desktop robots. The experiments are presented illustrating the stage-like study emerging with this learning mode.


The new year traditionally brings with it new plans and resolutions, and a changing business climate. This year is no exception – especially in the Canadian medical publishing industry. Many changes are forecast for this year and for upcoming years. Historically, virtually all Canadian medical publishers have relied on advertising for the majority of their revenues, with additional income derived from the sale of international subscriptions (Canadian physicians receive their Canadian journals free of charge) and the sale of reprints. All three of these sources have been trending lower in the past several years, and will again be substantially lower in 2014. With the plethora of online open-access information, readers/researchers are less willing to pay for subscriptions and libraries are cutting back due to budget constraints. The ease of printing and e-mailing articles has led to a decrease in the sale of author reprints. Additionally, increasingly strict regulations covering the distribution of reprints by drug companies have similarly affected the sales of multiple reprints.

This brings us to advertising – until recently, the 'bread and butter' of our business model. The Pharmaceutical Advertising Advisory Board – the agency that approves pharmaceutical advertising – has rescinded the requirement for printed prescribing information in journals. In our case, this has decreased advertisement revenues by approximately 30%. Unfortunately, this does not fully describe the impact on revenues because with budget cuts in the pharmaceutical industry, advertising is often the first to be affected. Our projected revenue, similar to other medical peer-reviewed journals, is expected to be substantially lower compared with last year, which was already lower than the previous year. We can only speculate on what has caused these budget cuts (eg, industry mergers, lack of new drug launches, generics, weak economy), and when and if the situation will improve.

If this trend continues, it may be the advertisers who are most adversely affected; furthermore, they may eventually lose the ability to advertise in medical journals altogether. There is a movement afoot to this effect, proposing that Canadian Medical Association members support their journals through a relatively small fee while eliminating all advertising. By not seizing this opportunity while it is available, advertisers are denying themselves the chance to reach their audience in the most economical manner possible while visibly supporting Canadian research.

The current issue of the Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology contains two advertisements. We are grateful to Gilead Sciences and QIAGEN for realizing the importance of advertising in the Journal. However, were we to rely only on revenues from such a small number of advertisers, this Journal would simply not exist. It exists solely because of revenue generated from page charges instituted two years ago, when the Journal moved toward an open-access format. We were able to maintain a relatively low page charge fee for the first two years while we continued to receive meaningful advertising revenue; however, we now must increase the charges to $300 per page for all new submissions. This change will be effective for all articles submitted in 2014 onward, and will not apply to articles already submitted or accepted for publication at the end of 2013. These charges continue to weigh very favourably with the majority of comparable open-access peer-reviewed medical journals – some of which charge a flat rate in excess of $2,000 for publication – and, unlike other open-access journals, the Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology will also continue as a print publication due to the popularity of the format with authors and readers.

There are several other positive changes set to occur in 2014. We will be moving to an open-access Creative Commons license and have reached an agreement with the National Library of Medicine for immediate full-text indexing after publication. In addition, consistent with its reputation as a world-class journal and with the solid support from the Editor-in-Chief, Editorial Board and AMMI Canada, 2014 will also witness a return to six issues per year and the expansion of the Journal into the electronic realm of apps. The increase from four to six issues per year will enable us to publish a substantially larger volume of scientific research while also decreasing the time from acceptance to publication. As we move forward in 2014, we will confront new challenges, but also encounter exciting new opportunities that will benefit authors and readers of the Journal, and significantly contribute to the medical literature.


The protons of the methylene group of co-ordinated malonate in the complexes [Co(en)2(mal)]+ and [Co(bipy)2(mal)]+ have been shown to exchange with deuterium in D2SO4–D2O solutions. The rates are of the first order in D3O+ concentration. For the ethylenediamine complex ΔH‡ is 27·4 kcal mol–1 and ΔS‡ is +27 cal mol–1 K–1 and for the bipyridyl complex ΔH‡= 18·4 kcal mol–1 and ΔS‡ is –1·0 cal mol–1 K–1.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a negative pressure control device for an on-vehicle internal combustion engine capable of ensuring brake performance and suppressing a deterioration of fuel consumption. SOLUTION: Negative pressure generated in an intake air system of an engine 11 is accumulated in a brake booster 50 as booster internal pressure, and the booster 50 is actuated on the basis of brake negative pressure which is differential pressure between atmospheric pressure and the booster internal pressure. When the brake negative pressure does not achieve a necessary value for actuating the brake booster 50, a throttle valve 23 is controlled to a closing side to ensure necessary negative pressure. The throttle valve 23 is opening- controlled according to a margin of the brake negative pressure PBK with reference to the necessary value for actuating the brake booster 50. Namely, if the margin is small, the throttle opening is made to take a closing side value, thereby promptly ensuring the brake negative pressure when an shortage of the brake negative pressure occurs. If the margin is large, the throttle opening is made to take an opening side value, thereby reducing a pumping loss.


A species of aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Firmicutes. This species is nonmotile, spore forming, and catalase positive, hydrolyzes casein, starch and gelatin, reduces nitrate, is penicillin susceptible but cephalosporin resistant, gamma phage sensitive, has absent or delayed hemolysis and the capsule can be visualized using M'Faydean's stain. B. anthracis is found in most soil, causes Anthrax in humans and animals, has been utilized as a biological weapon and both a veterinary and human vaccine exists.


In this paper, we present a reconfigurable physical agent bnscd on OPENR. a standard for Robot Entertainment Svstcmk. Reconfi&urdbility is attained by the use of the OPEiR standard which enables hot plug-in capability through precise definition of mechanical, electrical, and software interfaca protocols, In order to verify the reconfiguration capability, WC have developed a fully autonomous robot with four leg8 and a head. Each leg has three degrees of freedom, We were able to easily reconfigure it into a wheel-based mobile robot. Rcconfigurable physical agents will provide us with greater freedom in terms of robot style, and they will open a broader range of application fields, especially for entertainment ngents.


A macro rectangular-channel flat-plate solar thermal collector is designed and examined in this study. It consists of a set of adjacent macro rectangular channels formed between the upper, lower, and fin-parts of an absorber plate, thus, overcoming the necessary welding between the absorber plate and riser tubes used in conventional flat-plate collectors. An optimization model is suggested and solved to obtain an optimal design of the proposed collector. After that, a detailed dynamic mathematical model of this collector is presented and numerical simulation is carried out using matlab. Furthermore, a comparison with a conventional sheet-and-tube solar thermal collector is investigated and parametric analysis is conducted under both steady-state and dynamic conditions. The results reveal that the designed collector yields an enhancement of 8% for integrated thermal efficiency under transient regime and an average improvement of 12% for steady-state efficiency when compared with the conventional collector. In addition, the influence of the variation of different parameters, such as the mass flow rate of the heat transfer fluid (HTF), the thickness of different parts of the absorber plate, and the number of channels, on the performance of the proposed collector is presented. From an economical perspective, the cost of materials composing the new collector is less than that of materials composing the conventional one.


Ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) is an acute lung injury that develops during mechanical ventilation with high tidal volume in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). VILI is a common entity with an unacceptable mortality rate (~20%). As no current therapies exist for VILI, novel therapeutic targets for VILI and mechanical stress-induced tissue injury are needed. In this study, we defined Nrf2 signaling in VILI and mechanical stress-induced endothelial cell pathobiology. Nrf2 is a transcription factor that alters ROS balance and is a novel therapeutic target for VILI. First, we defined Nrf2 as a sensory marker for mechanical stress-induced endothelial cell injury. Antioxidant response element (ARE) luciferase plasmids were transfected to both endothelial cells and murine lung tissues. EC exposed to 18% cyclic stretch (18% CS) or mice exposed to excessive tidal volume ventilation (40 ml/kg) resulted in ARE activation, site of Nrf2 binding. We next confirmed Nrf2 signaling is essential for gene expression dysregulation by 18% CS via Nrf2 knockdown that significantly ameliorates 18% CS-induced gene expression pattern, including signaling pathways regulating endothelial barrier function including MYLK. Finally, we validated that Nrf2 is a novel and effective therapeutic target for VILI in pre-clinical models of VILI. Nrf2 activator sulforaphane (SF, 11.5 mg/kg) significantly attenuated VILI (40 ml/kg, 4 hrs)-induced lung inflammation, including BAL protein leakage and white blood cell infiltration. These novel findings characterized Nrf2 as a sensor for mechanical stress, a central mediator of mechanical stress induced gene expression dysregulation, and a novel therapeutic target for VILI.


The joining strength of three different layered composites made of carbon-glass-carbon-glass, carbonglass-glass-carbon, and glasscarbon-carbon-glass was investigated in the current work utilising a single lap joint. Composite materials containing carbon fibre and glass fibre reinforcement were bonded with 6 series aluminium alloy. As a joining method, adhesive joints, mechanical joints, and hybrid joints (a combination of adhesive and mechanical joints) were all employed. It was discovered that the mechanical and hybrid joints in the carbon-glass-glass-carbon layered composite performed better than those in other layered composites and adhesive bonding joints. The mechanical and hybrid joining of the carbon-glassglass-carbon layered composite was found to have the highest
strength among all other combinations tested in this study, with maximum loads of 3.33 KN and 3.14 KN, respectively. The other combinations had maximum loads that were lower than 3.33 KN.