To find out the evaluation of objective structured clinical examination(OSCE) by medical students and teachers involved,we enrolled 24 teachers in charge of the exam and 284 medical undergraduates who took the exam and were going to start their internship.The design and organization,as well as the quality and efficiency of OSCE were studied.87.5% of the teachers thought that the setup of the OSCE stage was more reasonable than the traditional skill-operating test.95.1% of the students and 100.0% of the teachers thought that standardized patients closely simulated real patients.The majority of the students and teachers thought that OSCE could improve students' clinical abilities,and were satisfied with the organization and quality of OSCE.


There have been hundreds of vertical seismic profiles shot in the Gulf of Mexico during the past few years. The vast majority of these were acquired with an airgun or airgun array as the source. Data quality and operational simplicity indicate that waterguns have a very promising future as energy sources for vertical seismic profile data acquisition.


Lime refractory fabrication and properties for high temperature applications, describing production of calcium oxide grain by sintering process from commercial calcium hydroxide


We retrospectively studied the cytological features of aspiration cytology in 12 cases of basal cell adenoma (BCA) and 5 cases mistakenly diagnosed as BCA. On macroscopic findings, the 12 cases of BCA included 7 cases of solid type and 5 cases of cystic type. The characteristic cytological features of solid type BCA were three‐dimensional clusters in 71%, sharp‐angle small clusters in 86%, basement membrane‐ like material in 71%, and cell crush in 86%. In contrast, 3 of the 5 cystic type BCA cases showed inadequate cellular components or no basaloid tumor cells, and the cytological diagnosis of BCA could not be determined. In the 5 cases misdiagnosed as BCA, there were 2 cases of pleomorphic adenoma, 2 cases of benign lymphoepithelial cyst, and 1 case of basal cell adenocarcinoma. Accurate differential cytological diagnosis of BCA is relatively easy to determine the solid type BCA, but is more difficult for cystic type BCA. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2007;35:85–90. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


1 ABSTRACT The University of Tennessee Space Institute's (UTSI) active airborne science program often requires extensive modification to its fleet of aircraft in order to meet mission and customer requirements; such modifications can alter the flight characteristics of the aircraft. In order to determine if the aircraft is safe to fly and find any new flight characteristics resulting from the modifications, the flight test engineer (FTE) must plan and conduct limited flight testing on the aircraft and evaluate the resulting data to ensure safety of flight. The more efficient the data reduction and analysis process the quicker the aircraft can be released to the customer for flight operations. Flight-Data Analysis and RePorting System (F-DARPS) was developed in an attempt to decrease the time spent reducing data by automating the entire data reduction process. F-DARPS searches through a data file, determines when the aircraft is in a trim state, processes the data, and presents a limited number of performance and stability and control (S&C) parameters to the FTE in a meaningful manner. Because F-DARPS is in an early stage of development, the system requirements, architecture, code techniques, and a self case study with future revision recommendations will be discussed in detail.


Abstract Numerical simulations of a pile jacking were carried out. A Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) formulation was used to treat with large deformation problems. An Abaqus, a commercial Finite Element Method software suit, was used as a computing environment. The Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model was applied and the Coulomb model of friction was used to describe pile-soil interaction. Calculations were made for three different pile diameters. Toe and shaft unit resistances versus depth for each pile were investigated and plotted. CPT-based solutions were compared with the results of numerical simulations.


Fiftyeight cases of leiomyosarcoma of the uterus and 47 endometrial satcomas on the uterus are reviewed based on the pertiment information related to recurrence patterns. The following conclusions are made: 1) Cases of endometrial sarcoma should receive preoperative pelvic in radation, or postoperative pelvic irradiation if a diagnosis is not made until the postoperative period. This plan will probably be of most benefit, if at all in sage I disease 2) A case for pelvic irradiation as an adjuvant to surgery in leiomyosarcoma caunot be made from a review of this material either froma viewpoint of recurrence patterns or radio-responsiveness.


The item is exploited on the basis of the highway of Henan province,and MapXtreme is used to exploit the truss of WebGIS to resolve the probleme of initializing map server,When the client is closed,the methods of releasing map resource is presented,it can release space resource engrossed at once.Finally,the application program of MapXtreme in the situation of Java Applet based on the Browser/Server mechanism is displayed,and the GIS basical operation on the Browser can be done,it has positive function to construct WebGIS and realize resource share.


In this paper, we find the parafermion algebra of order [Formula: see text] expressed in terms of bilinear relation (commutator form). We find the correct Hamiltonian of parafermion of order [Formula: see text] by using the parasupersymmetry. Finally, we discuss the comparison of specific heats for several parafermions of order [Formula: see text].


In this research, atmospheric and vacuum frying of plantain chips were compared
in terms of oil content, moisture content, texture, shrinkage, and colour parameters.
The diameter of the plantain slices are 3 mm, some plantain slices were pre-dried at
80 in a cabinet dryer before vacuum frying. Comparisons between both
technologies were carried out using the same equivalent thermal driving force in
both process with (I"T=50, 60, 70 ) maintaining temperature between the oil
content and boiling point of water at the working pressure. It was shown that
vacuum frying is a promising technique that can be used to reduce oil content at 3
minutes and 5 minutes for (I"T=50, 60, 70) were the lowest (10.39 and 12.35, 10.64
and 17.39, 12.86, 13.4) %, respectively compared to atmospheric with (14.48 and
14.55, 15.4 and 15.74, 14.81 and 15.76) % high oil content and the colour
parameter Lightness, redness and yellowness were best preserved for vacuum
frying at I"50.


Author's summary.— A report covering a fractional area, intended as an exemplary fragment of the mosaic which a national map of foreign language study must resemble instead of presenting a composite generalization. Its purpose is not to identify a trend, but to divide the trend into its elements in order to influence it by indicating the probable direction in which efficiency lies. If the foreign language curriculum is in need of change, this need is to be determined neither by trends figured on the basis of the per cent of the sum total of school populations to which the sum total of enrollments in foreign language courses is equivalent, nor by trends figured on the basis of the curriculum found in the numerical majority of schools. This need is rather to be determined, with certain exceptions, solely by school size.)


Half-metallic Heusler alloys typically have in-plane magnetic anisotropy, which can be converted to perpendicular by attaching MgO or heavy metal, e.g., Pt, layers as similarly applied for conventional ferromagnets. Recently we have found body-centered cubic (bcc) seed layers, e.g., V and W, to induce perpendicular anisotropy in Heusler-alloy films above, however, they show small giant magnetoresistive (GMR) ratios in spin-valve structures to date. This is partially because of the large resistivity of the seed layer and the nonmagnetic layer in the spin-valve. In this study, we have systematically investigated nonmagnetic overlayers and have found that a Ag layer best maintains the perpendicular anisotropy. The corresponding GMR devices have then been fabricated and characterized, achieving the GMR ratio of ~0.03% at room temperature. Such bcc seed layers can offer an alternative method for perpendicularly magnetized GMR junctions for applications.


The reconstructed embryos were built through enucleating porcine oocytes by the spindle-view method,and these embryos were transferred respectively into 12 Shanghai White sows.The result showed that one sow was successfully pregnant till the terminal and bore a healthy Pama mini-pig by caesarean section.In addition,there were three sows returning to estrus respectively at 51d,76 d and 77 d after the embryo transfer,and the pregnancy rate was 33.3%.


The object of the present paper is to simplify the design of resistance network analogues. This is achieved, without any loss of accuracy, by the use of what can be called the cell principle, which is an extension and generalization of the method of MacNeal.(2) Poisson's equation is integrated over the volume of a representative small cell. In this form it is much easier to appreciate the analogy with the resistance network, and hence to arrive immediately at the relevant design parameters. The method applies not only to the usual type of network with equal meshes, but also to networks with unequal meshes, or subdivided meshes, and further to the representation of the Dirichlet, Neumann or Fourier boundary conditions on rectangular or arbitrarily curved boundaries. More complicated equations than Poisson's can also be represented by a resistance network. By considering these equations as generalizations of Poisson's equation in an appropriate Riemann space, the corresponding design parameters are achieved. This formulation can equally well be used as the basis for any numerical solution of the equations.


Heinrich Schliemann (1822–90) was, it is well known, an energetic correspondent, a compulsive note-taker and an inveterate hoarder. For the archaeologist, as for the biographer, he left behind a rich mine with many seams. There is, however, no clear account of the history, location, and extent of Schliemann's literary remains. This paper is intended to go some way towards filling that gap. It has the additional aim of drawing attention to some notable lacunae in the Schliemann archive at the Gennadius Library in Athens in case the missing material should ever come to light.


Abstract In this work, we evaluated the different energy consumption rates associated with the total frictional energy for a ball sliding on a flat surface. The energy generated by the sliding two bodies in contact is dissipated into the materials in various forms. The wear consumption energy for a steel ball against a diamond-like carbon surface was evaluated by the wear coefficient of the wear volume–energy input equation. The strain energy generated in the steel ball as a result of being made to slide under a certain load was calculated using the Hertzian theory. The chemical reaction energy was estimated based on iron oxidation. Finally, the frictional energy dissipated as heat was obtained by subtracting the wear and the strain energies from the total frictional energy.


Knowledge Management (KM) system is one kind of technology that synthetically explores various methods to realize the capture, storage and reuse of knowledge. One of objectives of KM is to promote the share and reuse of all kind of knowledge. Based on Ontology, this paper proposes a framework of KM to facilitate knowledge reuse. According to the definition of ontology, this paper presents the method of knowledge capture, and introduces the mechanism of knowledge pull and knowledge push, then gives a practical example—KMSRP.


The diverged homeobox gene TLX1 (for T-cell leukemia homeobox 1, previously known as HOX11 or TCL3) is activated in ∼5-10% of childhood and up to 30% of adult T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cases, most frequently by t(10;14)(q24;q11) and t(7;10)(q35;q24) chromosomal translocations which juxtapose the intact TLX1 coding region downstream of T cell receptor (TCR) δ (TRD@) or TCRβ (TCRB) gene regulatory sequences. TLX1+ T-ALL samples are virtually all arrested at the early cortical (CD1+) CD4+CD8+ "double-positive" (DP) stage of thymocyte development (Ferrando et al, 2002; Asnafi et al, 2004).


The effect of electron beam oscillation on the formation of metal during electron beam freeform fabrication has received practically no attention. Nevertheless, it is a variable technological tool that allows to significantly influence the formation of metal during EBFFF process, including the probability of defects formation. The effect of the focus current, the form, and the frequency of the beam oscillation on the formation of pores in single beads by method of electron beam freeform fabrication of the titanium alloy SPT-2 on the substrate of the alloy VT6 was investigated. The porosity of the obtained beads was studied using x-ray images. It was found that too deep an arrangement of the focal plane relative to the substrate surface leads to excessive pore formation. Reducing the oscillation frequency from 1000 Hz to 100 Hz made it possible to completely get rid of the pores in the metal. The use of a spiral-shaped oscillation made it possible to reduce the probability of pore formation in comparison with an oscillation in the form of concentric circles.


The article offers information on the television show "The Young Pope" by director Paolo Sorrentino. Topics discussed include the story line of the Sorrentino's "The Young Pope" was autobiographical; The Young Pope reflected much about how power was depicted today; and The Young pope starred actors such as Jude Law and Diane Keaton. It also mention about the works of various artist featuring the solitary man plotting to gain command.


Reciprocating motion submerged biofilm process(RMSBP) was developed for nitrogen, biodegradable carbon and trihalomethane (THM) precursor simultaneous removal as a pre-treatment of polluted raw water for drinking water supply. The focus of this study is to get a stable treatment water through four seasons under no pre-sedimentation systems. All experiments were done at the lake side, and raw water was introduced from the lake continually. There is no sedimentation tank in the reactors and biofilm carrier clogging dose not occur and biofilm growth is uniform through the whole reactors by reciprocating motion carrier. RMSBP was able to decrease NH 4 −N, and NO 2 −N and NO 3 −N simultaneously under unaerated conditions. Decrease of nonpurgeable DOC and ultraviolet(UV) absorbance (1 cm path length, pH7.0, 260nm) is possible almost two toten times more expensive than the traditional biological filtration process. Nitrification, denitrification, biodegradable carbon and THM precursor removal was stably achieved simultaneously from autumn to spring when water temperature is low


Abstract This study investigated the effect of hypnosis on anxiety, depression, fatigue, and sleepiness in hemodialysis patients. Twenty-nine patients participated in the 15-day study. A single hypnosis session was performed on Day 8. Anxiety, depression, fatigue, and sleepiness were measured at baseline, on Day 8, and on Day 15 (HADS, MFI, ESS). Daily fatigue was also measured numerically. Anxiety, depression, and sleepiness significantly decreased after hypnosis. Weekly measures of fatigue remained stable; however, daily fatigue decreased.


Provided is a method for cleaning a tubular filtration membrane with which it is possible to reduce the frequency of chemical cleaning and suppress a long-term increase in pressure loss even after chemical cleaning. In this method for cleaning a tubular filtration membrane, in the peripheral section of which are formed fine holes for filtration, a liquid cleaning step, in which the tubular filtration membrane is cleaned by pressure-feeding a cleaning liquid in the direction opposite the filtration direction of raw liquid, and a gas cleaning step, in which the tubular filtration membrane is cleaned by pressure-feeding a cleaning gas in the direction opposite the filtration direction of the raw liquid, are repeated in a prescribed cycle, and contaminant components, such as colloidal particles, that remained inside the fine holes at the liquid cleaning step, are discharged with the cleaning water in tandem with the movement of the gas-liquid interface formed by the cleaning gas fed after the liquid cleaning step.


Abstract IN THE study of mineral nutrition and metabolism it is important to know the time it takes for a given intake of mineral to become available to the tissues and the rate at which the mineral may be removed from the tissues. Such a study is practical by use of the P32 and Ca45 isotopes in case of phosphorus and calcium. Campbell and Greenberg (1940) and Pecher (1941) gave oral doses of Ca45 to rats and mice, respectively, and determined distribution of the isotope in various tissues. Armstrong (1945) administered concurrent doses of Ca45 and P32 to a rat and determined its uptake of these isotopes in its calcified tissues. Cook et al. (1937) determined the difference in concentration of P32 in the tissues of growing chicks at 4 and 60 days after oral administration. The rate of deposition and turnover of calcium and phosphorus is especially important in the …


The transfer of electronic excitation energy from the lowest excited singlet and triplet states of a number of aromatic hydrocarbons and ketones to the lowest excited singlet and triplet state of biacetyl has been studied in hexane and benzene solution at room temperature by the spectrophotofluorometric method. Singlet‐state lifetimes for benzene, toluene, diphenyl, and acetone are reported and triplet‐state lifetimes for diphenyl, naphthalene, acetophenone, and acetone are also obtained. Useful information concerning the triplet states of other donors is also obtained by comparing the phosphorescence to fluorescence ratio of biacetyl when biacetyl alone is irradiated with the ratio obtained when a mixture of biacetyl and the donor is excited at wavelengths absorbed by the donor.


The Primordial In ation Explorer (PIXIE) is an Explorer-class mission concept to measure the gravitational-wave signature of primordial in ation through its distinctive imprint on the linear polarization of the cosmic microwave background. Its optical system couples a polarizing Fourier transform spectrometer to the sky to measure the differential signal between orthogonal linear polarization states from two co-pointed beams on the sky. The double differential nature of the four-port measurement mitigates beam-related systematic errors common to the two-port systems used in most CMB measurements. We describe the polarized beam patterns for PIXIE and assess the systematic error for measurements of CMB polarization.


In November 1983, I started a Ph.D. position at the Department of Mathematics at the University of Trier under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Eckart Sonnemann. At that time, Eckart Sonnemann was very enthusiastic about new ideas in the field of multiple hypotheses testing and encouraged me to work on closed multiple range tests for my thesis. One of the first things I had to do was to study his 1982 paper as well as several related drafts and reports on multiple testing written by him. To be honest, being a newcomer in the field of multiple testing, those were some hard weeks for me. Eckart Sonnemann's work on multiple testing was, among others, motivated and influenced by Holm's papers (Holm 1977/79) on step-down Bonferroni tests, the paper of Markus, Peritz and Gabriel (1976) on a closed testing procedure, the early papers by Lehmann (1957a,b), a paper by Gabriel (1969), and, last but not least, by many discussions with colleagues interested in the field. In the German-speaking countries, Sonnemann (1982) was and still is one of the key references for all researchers dealing with multiple testing. His paper can be viewed as a historical document as it gives a solid overview of the status quo of the theory of multiple testing around 1980. From my point of view, Sonnemann's 1982 paper was the first successful attempt to coherently address the closure principle and to place other terms in multiple testing into a general theoretical framework. In his paper, a multiple test controlling the familywise error rate in the strong sense is simply called a multiple level-a test. Sonnemann was a strong advocator of controlling the multiple level and applying the closure principle whenever possible in multiple testing situations, although he was aware of the fact that improvements of power via the closure principle are often limited. Moreover, he early came to the judgment that uniform improvements of classical simultaneous (multiple) confidence regions via the closure principle are typically impossible (cf. the last paragraph in his paper). I am grateful to the Editors of Biometrical Journal for accepting the translation of Sonnemann (1982) for publication in this MCP2007 special issue. Moreover, I would like to thank Ruth Bausch, Thorsten Dickhaus, Veronika Gontscharuk, Gerhard Hommel, Jason Hsu, Markus Roters, Juliet Shaffer and Klaus Strassburger for their support in preparing this translation.


This feature will appear regularly in The Western Journal of Medicine. It is intended to cover recent developments in a broad range of issues that will have an impact-either directly or indirectly-on clinical practice. Occasionally the seminars may include informed speculation about likely future developments.


In this paper some questions of analysis of methods of preliminary segmentation of speech signals and their features for the tasks of recognition are considered.


"To Us Eden was Reopened". The cherub motif in Lutheran church art reconsideredBy Carsten Bach-Nielsen
The fall of man (Gen 3) is a motif hardly ever met in Danish medieval sculpture. After the Reformation however it occurs frequently on pulpits and more significant on altarpieces. This probably is caused by Martin Luther's and the Lutheran reformers' concept of redemption and grace – and the new stress on confession as a prerequisite for joining in the communion. A number of post-reformation altar decorations display the fall with Adam's and Eve's picking of and consumption of the forbidden fruit – together with the Christian promise of return due to Christ's victory over devil and death. Return to what, one might ask. – To Eden, to Heaven, to the inner of Solomon's temple, to grace? In the 17th and the 18th centuries the return to and through the gates of Heaven is staged by means of railings separating the choir form the nave of the churches. In the wooden sculpture of Eastern Jutland the railings are often turned into dramatic scenes of exclusion and inclusion by means of life size cherubs guarding the gates with their flaming swords. The railings may have been furnished with written and painted scores for an imagined conversation between the guarding angelic figures and the living users of the church. Here the confession of sin is expressed together with the formulation of Christ's promises. The cherubs are supposed to listen and answer, but the can only communicate to us by means of replies painted on the doors or railings; so there is a zone of discussion concerning grace and the gifts of grace established at the important liminal zone between the two parts of the church. This zone offers a scene for the reenactment of the narrative, the expulsion of Eden – and for the proclamation of the promise of reintroduction to the garden. These arrangements obviously have to do with the rituals and ceremonies of confession, not least the ones related to the public confession. This rite since the 17th century was staged at the doors between the nave and the choir; here the repentant sinner was supposed to kneel before he would be reintegrated into the congregation and was again accepted as partaker in the Holy Communion. The kneeling figures of Adam and Eve that are seen on a number of such railings may mirror the penitent Christians in the ritual of confession. The cherubs may also be seen in the light of classical ekfrasis, descriptions of buildings used to recreate or copy buildings of the past. The Book of Kings contains vast descriptions of the inner and most holy of the Temple of Jerusalem. Here cherubs were part of an all-covering decoration. Constructing new rooms for the church service in the era of Lutheran orthodoxy required knowledge of the most significant building in Christian narrative, The Jerusalem Temple. The cherubs and the railings have a twofold meaning as staging a way back to innocence or grace – and as a restaging of the Jerusalem Temple with its concentrated holiness and presence of divine power. The staged discussions between man and angel bears a resemblance to a well-known and quite popular motif in the post-reformation church, namely the litigatio sororum, Adam and Eve before the court of Trinity. Here the scene is set in court by a cherub who offers the fallen couple four skilled with defenders. It all has to do with the arguments permitting the sinners to make their way back to full grace. The scene is painted as a mural in the church of Tullebolle on the isle of Langeland. Danish Grundtvigian and liberal artist Joakim Skovgaard in 1890 painted an altarpiece for the tiny church of Mando in the North Sea. He chose his point of departure in the apocryphal gospel of Nicodemus. Here Christ leads the thief, who was convinced and conversed in the last minutes of his life, into the Garden of Eden. The painting depicts a 169 huge wall guarded by a Florentine renaissance angel – and the thief received by angels on the fair lawns of Paradise. The entrance to Paradise is not a problem to any Christian no matter how late he may have come to faith. Somewhat different is the ideology behind the decorative programs of the churches of the Copenhagen Church Building Society. Sculptor Thomas Baerentsen in 1904 chose to show Adam and the Cherub on the baptismal front facing the congregation in the nave while he depicted the baptism of Christ on the side fronting the altar of the church. So he managed to make a new distinction or demarcation line between the "high" church of true believers – and the "low" nave of more ordinary Christians.


In the present study, four methods of rice crop establishment, viz. conventional transplantation, bed transplantation (BT), furrow transplantation (FT) and puddled direct seeding (PDS), were evaluated during two wet seasons to determine their influence on the incidence of insect pests and grain yield. Observations were recorded starting from 40 days after transplanting (DAT) and seeding (DAS) to 110 DAT and DAS. The interaction between crop establishment methods and observation days was significant in the case of folded leaves by Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée), deadhearts by Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) and the Sogatella furcifera (Horvath) population. The number of folded leaves in the bed-transplanted crop (8.87%) and puddle direct seeded crop (10.62%) was significantly higher than that in crop grown using the other crop establishment methods. The incidence of deadheart damage was significantly higher in the PDS plots (5.85%), while that of whitehead damage was higher in the BT (5.89%) and PDS (6.54%) plots than in the plots managed by the other methods. The S. furcifera population build-up was significantly higher in the FT (1.98 hoppers/hill) and PDS (2.24 hoppers/hill) plots than in the plots managed by the other crop establishment methods. Paddy yield was significantly higher in the conventionally transplanted crops followed by the furrow- and bed-transplanted crops.


Spectrophotometric method was developed and applied for the determination of enalapril maleate (ENP) in raw material and tablets formulations. This new method was applied to determine (ENP) in several Syrian trademark drugs such as: Enapril and Noropresh. Spectrophotometric method depended on reducing iron III to iron II by (ENP), which reacted with 1-10 phenanthrolin to form iron II:1-10 phenanthrolin complex. This complex was determined at maximum wavelength 510 nm. Linearity range was to be between 10-90 µg/mL. Regression analysis showed a good correlation coefficient R2 = 0.9993. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 1.78 and 5.40 µg/mL respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to analysis of (ENP) in Syrian trademark drugs. All studied samples showed that the drug levels were conformed to United State Pharmacopeia (USP) legislation.


The electronic properties of cubane-type mixed-metal sulfido clusters with an Mo(V)2Ru(II)2S4 core and possible dinitrogen activation on it are described from DFT computations. The cluster [(CpRu)2...


German furniture design had been downward in trend after Bauhaus closed and through the War. Meanwhile Italy emerged as a center in furniture industry after the Second World War. After the Unification in 1989, however, German furniture still play predominant role in the world since they have their own unique quality and territory. This study explores the significance of German furniture design by three different eras─Post-war recession (1946-1965), Arising times (1966-1989), Contemporary (1990-2005)─and categorized the major characteristics are summarized as in the below. First, function oriented design. Second, pursuing perfection of technology. Third, simplicity and purity of design.


Food insecurity in particular is at emergency levels. On 22 October 2015 three UN agencies alerted that Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) estimates that 34% of the South Sudanese population (3.9 million) are severely food insecure (3.1 million in Crisis -IPC Phase 3 and 800 000 in Emergency IPC phase 4). Of most concern are the estimated 40 000 people in Unity State who face catastrophic conditions (IPC Phase 5). A further 3.7 million people are in stressed food security (IPC Phase 2). The most affected areas are the three conflict affected States, namely Unity, Jonglei and Upper Nile States, with the Leer, Guit, Koch and Mayendit Counties in Unity being the worst affected ones. An urgent and immediate humanitarian access allowing the much needed humanitarian assistance to reach this population is needed to avoid this situation to further deteriorate.


In this paper, we model the cognitive radio network with channel reservation for primary users using two-dimensional continuous Markov process. Based on this model, we propose an algorithm to maximize the achievable arrival rate of secondary users (SUs) under specific grade of service (GoS) constraints. Moreover, to reduce the computational complexity of the algorithm, the closed-form expressions of the steady-state probabilities are derived using an approximate approach. Moreover the formulas for the blocking probability and the dropping probability of SUs are obtained. Finally, simulations are conducted to verify the accuracy of our approximation and the correctness of the proposed algorithm.


Each of the two proton beams in the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) will carry a total energy of 700 MJ. One concern for machine protection is the energy stored in the transverse beam halo, estimated to potentially reach up to 5% of the total stored energy. Several failure scenarios could drive this halo into the collimators, potentially causing damage and therefore severely affect-ing operational efficiency. Hollow Electron Lenses (HEL) were integrated in the HL-LHC baseline to mitigate this risk by depleting the tails in a controlled way. A hollow-shaped electron beam runs co-axially with the hadron beam over about 3 m, such that halo particles at large amplitudes become unstable, while core particles ideally remain undis-turbed. Residual fields from electron beam asymmetries can, however, induce emittance growth of the beam core. Various options for the pulsing of the HEL are considered and are compared using two figures of merit: halo depletion efficiency and core emittance growth. This contribution presents simulations for these two effects with different HEL pulsing modes using updated HL-LHC optics, that was optimized at the location of the lenses.


As a part of the existing senior design class for biomedical engineering students, we have implemented the introduction of surgical procedures and demonstration in orthopedic medical device design process. It is aimed at senior biomedical engineering students to increase student interest and understanding in orthopedic medical device design. The objectives of this course are to teach students many aspects of medical device design through hands-on projects with multiple lecture topics such as the FDA design control process. The course includes lectures about various topics and requires that each student group present research and design proposals to address a specific engineering/design need, work in labs for hand-on practice, and complete a project to develop a design and/or working prototype to address the need. The class was assessed in compliance with the design control process, documentation, laboratory reports, final design, and analysis. For the specific group who chose orthopedic implant, the students were asked to design the devices without consideration of the surgical procedure. After students had a design completed, the surgical procedure was introduced to the groups, and the student groups investigated if there were needs to revise the design based on the consideration of surgical procedure. At the end of the semester, a special assessment was conducted for these groups only, and results showed that consideration of surgical procedure led to changes in final design and a better understanding of orthopedic medical devices. Student self-assessment was completed during three academic years starting in 2014-2015 and the results are presented in this article. This paper also discusses the changes that were made in response to student feedback.


Using yearly data over the period 1976 - 2016, this study examine the China's Balance of Trade by using several macroeconomic variables which are real exchange rate (REER), consumer price index (CPI), domestic income (DOMINC), foreign direct investment (FDI) and inflation rate (INF).
The study introduces about the nature of balance of trade and what affects the balance of trade. The study also uses time series with observation of 41. The objective of the study is also to examine the relationship between the balance of trade and the independent variables which are real exchange rate (REER), consumer price index (CPI), domestic income (DOMINC), foreign direct investment (FDI) and inflation rate (INF). The study will examine the relationship whether it will give impact to the independent variable, significantly or insignificantly.
Empirical results shows that real exchange rate is negatively insignificant, consumer price index is negatively insignificant, domestic income as positively significant, foreign direct investment is negatively insignificant and inflation rate to be positively significant.


According to WHO,  preventable diseases, including  infectious diseases, are the most common cause of death in children. Based on Indonesia's 2019 health profile data, the top five morbidity and mortality in children aged 1-4 years are acute respiratory tract infections (ARI) of (25.8%), pneumonia (21.7%), fever (14%), diarrhea and gastrointestinal disease (14.4%). Zinc has an important role in immunity especially for younger child


In this paper, we investigate the $\rm \gamma p$ photoproduction of jet plus missing energy signal to set limits on the couplings of the fermionic dark matter to the quarks at the LHC via the main reaction $\rm pp\rightarrow p\gamma p\rightarrow p \chi\chi j$. We assume a typical LHC multipurpose forward detectors and work in a model independent Effective Field Theory framework. Typically, when we do the background analysis, we also include their corresponding Single Diffractive (SD) productions. Our result shows that by requiring a $5\sigma$ ($\rm S/\sqrt{B} \geq 5$) signal deviation, with an integrated luminosity of $\rm {\cal L} = 200 fb^{-1}$, the lower bounds of WIMP masses scale can be detected up to $\rm \Lambda$ equal 665.5, 808.9 and 564.0 GeV for the forward detector acceptances $\xi_1$, $\xi_2$, and $\xi_3$, respectively, where $0.0015<\xi_1<0.5$, $0.1<\xi_2<0.5$ and $0.0015<\xi_3<0.15$.


Flexible catheters are used in a wide variety of surgical interventions including neurological, pancreatic and cardiovascular. In many cases a lack of dexterity and miniaturization along with excessive stiffness results in large regions of the anatomy being deemed inaccessible. Soft continuum robots have the potential to mitigate these issues. Due to its enormous potential for miniaturization, magnetic actuation is of particular interest in this field. Currently, flexible magnetic catheters often rely on interactive forces to generate large deformations during navigation and for soft anatomical structures this could be considered potentially damaging. In this study we demonstrate the insertion of a high aspect ratio, 50 mm long by 2 mm diameter, soft magnetic catheter capable of navigating up to a 180$^{\circ }$ bend without the aid of forces of anatomical interaction. This magnetic catheter is reinforced with a lengthwise braided structure and its magnetization allows it to shape form along tortuous paths. We demonstrate our innovation in a planar silicone pancreas phantom. We also compare our approach with a mechanically equivalent tip driven magnetic catheter and with an identically magnetized, unreinforced catheter.


We point out that analog VLSI can now be considered as the ideal medium to implement computational systems intended to carry out real time perceptive or even cognitive tasks that are not well handled by traditional computers. By exploiting the analog features of the transistors, only a few devices are needed to realise most of the elementary functions required to implement perceptive systems, resulting in very dense, sophisticated circuits and low power consumption. Elementary artificial retinas in silicon based on their biological counterparts have already been successfully used in industrial applications. Artificial cochleas and noses are also under development. This new enabling technology is of great interest over a wide range of industrial sectors, including robotics, automotive, surveillance and food industry.


The author recalls the figure of Marisa Volpi (Macerata 1928- Rome 2015) in her dual role as an art historian and writer, focusing on the close relations between the two activities, starting from the second half of 1970. The "memory" path, even through personal experiences, is always supported by a critical reading of passages from his writings, in the desire to remember with affection and rigor a prominent personality of the world of culture and art. Indeed, from the evocative writing of the Volpi, great art historians emerge with the same extraordinary vividness, such as Roberto Longhi, Giulio Carlo Argan, Corrado Maltese and artists who have marked the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, from Impressionism to Italian art and American from the sixties onwards.


Synthetic paper pulp is prepared by extruding a foam sheet of a synthetic thermoplastic fiber forming resin, which resin contains from 0.1 to 5.0 wt.% and prefer ably from 1 to 2 wt.% of a soap such as aluminum stearate, attenuating the foam sheet as it is extruded and applying either heat or a shearing action to the attenuated sheet to cause it to break down into short fibers containing numerous fibrils. This pulp is then either used directly or blended with natural pulp, wet laid to form a coarse paper and then formed into a final paper product by application of heat and pressure. The soap serves to improve the wettability of the resulting fibers.


We investigated the relationship between the differential expression of β amyloid protein precursor (APP) and tau mRNA, and the extent of β and tau deposition in three regions from each of the 38 aged brains obtained from consecutive autopsied cases. Remarkable variabilities were noted in the ratios of APP-770/-751/ −695 and four-repeat tau among elderly individuals. There was no consistent alteration in the APP differential expression among β plaque (-), (+), and (+ +-+ + +) groups. Also, no differences in the four-repeat tau ratios were noted among tangle (-), (+), and (++) groups. Despite these great individual variabilities, APP-751 was found to be well-correlated with four-repeat tau. It is possible that APP-751 and four-repeat tau are increasing during aging, while APP-695 and three-repeat tau are decreasing.


On the basis of Uygur traditional ecological ethics rich content,diverse patterns,distinctive features,this paper explores its significance in building of contemporary ecological civilization in Xinjiang.According to the paper,in Uygur traditional ecological ethics,love of nature,animals and plants and the broad feeling of equal co-existence play a charismatic role to cultivate awareness of the Xinjiang ecological civilization.The authority of the statute and the general binding have referential influences on the ecological system in Xinjiang civilization.The behavior of effective protection,moderate use of the natural ecology enlighten the valuable experience in building of Xinjiang ecological civilization. Only after severe test in contemporary Xinjiang ecological civilization construction, can Uygur traditional ecological ethics realize their modern transformation and sublimation.


BACKGROUND: The two-phase partitioning bioreactor (TPPB) has become a new strategy for waste gas treatment. However, the impact of biomass and surfactants on gas/liquid (G/L) mass transfer needs to be better evaluated because the effects on the mass transfer coefficient KL and the interfacial area a, respectively, remains misunderstood.

RESULTS: This study showed that, first, the surfactant extract produced by Rhodococcus erythropolis reduced the surface hydrophobicity of the biomass. Secondly, an optimal concentration appeared to exist for both components, respectively 0.5 g L−1 and 0.7 g L−1 for biomass (B) and surfactant extract (SE) when the global mass transfer coefficient (KLa) of oxygen was measured in a silicone oil/water TPPB. However, the combination of B and SE was found to induce a negative synergism. In particular, SE improved the interfacial area a by increasing the bubble diameter, while B reduced it as soon as a concentration of 1 g L−1 was exceeded. In contrast, the SE acted negatively on the KL, while B improved it overall.

CONCLUSION: Better consideration is needed of the effect of biotic components in order to understand the phenomenon of G/L mass transfer in a TPPB. The behaviour of biomass growth and surfactants may strongly influence the mathematical models proposed in the literature. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry


Studies were carried out to investigate the effect of host plants and temperature on the biology of Earias vittella (F.) under laboratory conditions. The host plants tested were, okra (Abelmoschus esculantus L), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), China rose (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L). and Abutilon indicum G.Den. The results indicated that incubation period varied from 2.3 to 5 days, on okra and Abutilon; larval period from 9.2 to 15.9 days on okra and china rose; pupal period from 8.6 to 14.4 on china rose and Abutilon, respectively; duration of life cycle ranged between 30.4 to 44.6 days on cotton and Abutilon, respectively (minimum and maximum values). Pre- copulation, pre-oviposition, oviposition and post oviposition periods of E. vittella adults varied when feeding on different host plants as larvae. Temperature variation affected all the above biological parameters e.g. the larval period of E.vittella on okra was recorded as 10.8 days at 34.12 o C, the same was 12.0 and 14.75 days on okra at 32.6 and 30.6 o C, respectively. The average fecundity of E. vittella females was 328.37 eggs and about 50% of eggs were laid on first two days of egg-laying. Fertility of eggs varied significantly (P<0.01) on different host plants and different days of egg- laying.


This article presents a bench for researching the energy characteristics of electric drives with two-way energy exchange. The necessary electrical components for the construction of such a stand have been selected. The stand is intended for research work at the Technical University of Sofia and will serve to study the modes of operation under an active static load.


Context-awareness in location-based service studies has attracted more and more attention. Awareness of a user's location and the users themselves has become the centre of these services. This paper discusses a survey conducted for developing a personalised location-based property hunting system (LBSPH), and a personalised LBSPH architecture developed from the survey results. What users wanted in the way of essential property and neighbourhood information, the best way to display the information, and the common use cases of such a location-based service (LBS) were identified from the survey. The LBSPH architecture was designed to reflect these preferences.


The reaction between 1,3-dihydro-4,5-di-(4-methoxyphenyl)imidazolin-2-thione (MDPIT) with seven different copper(II) salts were carried out to synthesize and characterize the corresponding complexes. These complexes have the general formulae [CuLX(H2O)], where X=OAc, Cl, Br, NO3, ClO4 or CNS, and [Cu2L2(SO4)(H2O)]. Characterization of the complexes was done by chemical analyses, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility, electronic, infrared and 1H NMR spectral studies. Thermogravimetric studies of complexes were carried out and kinetic parameters for the various decomposition stages were also calculated. Preliminary investigations on the antifungal and antibacterial activities of the ligand and some of its complexes were also made.


Developing computational frameworks for personalized content query and recommendation has sparked numerous research into automatic indexing and retrieval of multimedia data. Assessing viewer impression as an appropriate index of media content is especially important as it links directly to the audience preferences toward media content. Most of the existing machine learning frameworks rely on modeling the media contents solely without considering the potential usefulness of user feedback in order to assess the viewer impressions. In this work, we develop a cross-modal network that projects the multimodal media content through the viewer's comment space in order to learn a joint (content and viewer) embedding space to perform viewer impression recognition. Specifically, we gather a large corpus of TED talks including viewer's online comments for each of the presentation video. Our proposed cross-modal projection network achieves 80.8%, 79.5%, and 80.8% of unweighted average recall (UAR) in binary classification tasks for three different viewer impression ratings (i.e., inspiring, persuasive, and funny, respectively). Our experiments demonstrate intuitively that online user comments reflect the viewer impression the most, but an interesting finding shows that it is important to project the content's information into the user comment space, i.e., through the eyes of the comment, in order to obtain an improved recognition accuracy as compared to simply concatenating content and comment features directly.


Abstract Residential Internet-based applications and their importance in the current and future success of broadband Internet are theoretically driven approach, via Reasoned Action, to empower e-commerce and its user base. The Internet is an increasingly important force in reshaping many aspects of social, economic and civic life, globally empowering users via broadband technologies to widen access to Internet connections, both fixed and wireless, that are magnitudes faster than ones in common use today. Broadband technologies have enabled residences to receive and send text, images, audio and video over the Internet at vastly superior speeds, with minimal delays and affordability. People separated by vast expanse are able to share virtual-reality experiences and work effectively together on any project. The need for residence-based broadband communications derives from the increasing speed of computers. The Internet, with its ubiquitous nature and vast amount of information resources, has greatly incited the need to be wirelessly networked, resulting in users demanding wireless connectivity everywhere, including their home environment.


Massive injection of argon was used to terminate DIII-D discharges with different radial profiles of the safety factor q. An increasing delay before the onset of the central temperature collapse was observed as the overall (core and edge) q of the target plasma was increased. Additionally, an increase in the length of the current quench time was observed, consistent with reduced magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) mode amplitudes and reduced MHD mixing. These results are supported by measurements of heat and impurity mixing during the thermal collapse which observe that thermal transport and impurity mixing are not smooth functions of time but are accelerated when low-order (n=1) MHD modes are destabilized. These results demonstrate that low-order MHD modes play a central role in gas jet shutdowns and density-limit disruptions in tokamaks.


To elucidate the diagnostic value of sarcoplasmic expression of myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) for dermatomyositis (DM) specifically analysing different DM subforms, and to test the superiority of MxA to other markers.


By using a Non-linear Electroweak Chiral Lagrangian, including the Higgs, coupled to heavy quarks, and the Equivalence Theorem, we compute (in the regime $M_t^2/v^2\ll\sqrt{s}M_t/v^2\ll s/v^2$) the one-loop amplitudes $W^+W^-\to t\bar t$, $ZZ\to t\bar t$ and $hh\to t\bar t$ (to NLO in the effective theory). We calculate the scalar partial-wave helicity amplitudes which allow us to check unitarity at the perturbative level in both $M_t/v$ and $s/v$. As with growing energy perturbative unitarity deteriorates, we also introduce a new unitarization method with the right analytical behavior on the complex $s$-plane and that can support poles on the second Riemann sheet to describe resonances in terms of the Lagrangian couplings. Thus we have achieved a consistent phenomenological description of any resonant $t\bar t$ production that may be enhanced by a possible strongly interacting Electroweak Symmetry Breaking Sector.


The purpose of this paper is to address the need expressed by various actors of Chilean region of Araucania educational institutions, those considering the constant and rapid evolution of our society, observed that the human factor has been weakened by the absence of adequate tools and methods to meet these new challenges, where the personal innovation plays a predominant in terms of teaching role. It aims to promote and install the importance of having instances of reflection for those educators interested in the improvement of the quality of skills for the delivery of significant learning at that point to a collaborative


The invention relates to a shape memory alloy blocking nut and its preparing process. The raw materials for the nut comprise the following components(in % by weight): C 0.01-0.05u¼Mn 15.0-17.0u¼Si 4.8-5.2u¼Cr8.5-9.5u¼Ni 6.5-7.5u¼P 0.01-0.03u¼S 0.01-0.02u¼N 0.03-0.05u¼and Fe 60.65-65.05. The preparing process comprises: (1) preparing the raw materials and rolling to obtain the iron-base shape memory alloy rod stocks with outside hexagon strip and inner circular hole; (2) solution treatment for the rod stocks: keeping the temperature of 950K. to 1150K. for 30 min to 60 min; (3) shape memory training for the rod stocks; (4) cutting the rod stocks to nut blanks, and processing the inner circular hole according to the given size of 94% to 96%; (5) reaming the nut to given size for completing the stress induced martensitic transformation of the nut; (6) fine machining for the internal thread; (7) pre-tightening the nut according to the estimated force moment, keeping the temperature of 500K to 800K for 15min to 45min, and carrying out the annealing treatment.


Cinnamoyl CoA reductase catalyzes the reduction of cinnamic acid CoA esters into their corresponding aldehydes, the first step of the phenylpropanoid pathway specifically dedicated to monolignol biosynthesis. Two cDNA clones encoding cinnamoyl CoA reductase (CCR) have been isolated from Hordeum vulgare (HvCCR) and Solanum tuberosum (StCCR1). Amino acid sequence alignment revealed the motif, NWYCY, representing the active site of CCR, conserved in both the encoded HvCCR and StCCR1 amino acid sequences. The HvCCR encoded protein possesses substantial homology with CCRs isolated and cloned form other sources; the highest identity (89%) was observed with CCR from fescue (Festuca arundicinea). Expression analysis by RT-PCR demonstrated that the HvCCR gene is expressed in barley stem and root tissue while no expression is detected in leaves and flowers. This expression pattern suggests that HvCCR is involved in constitutive lignification. Transcripts of StCCR1 were detected in potato root, leaf and also in stem although at a very low level.


Ordre public (public order) is one of the most ancient doctrines in the conflict of laws. In accordance with this doctrine, a foreign law that is otherwise applicable is disregarded if its application would violate some fundamental interest, basic policy, general principle of justice, or prevailing concept of good morals in the forum. This notion, so far as we can trace its beginning, surfaced during the late Middle Ages in the works of the great Bartolus (1314-1357) who distinguished the "favorable" from "odious" statutes.' Later on, many scholars such as Huber (1636-1694), Story (1802-1855), Savigny (1779-1861) and Mancini (1817-1888) built upon such a distinction with variations of their own, ushering in a new doctrine of considerable importance. It bears mentioning that in general, the civil law doctrine of ordre public has assumed more prominence than its corresponding doctrine of public policy in the laws of the Anglo-American family, since the former is broader in scope than the latter.2 Serving as a corrective measure of last resort, the doctrine of ordre public is of great necessity in guarding against injurious foreign rules, maintaining the stability of local law, and protecting the public welfare of the forum. As a result, this doctrine has been vividly compared to a "safety valve."3 However, it is worth emphasizing that the doctrine suffers from vagueness, amorphousness, and uncertainty in application, so that no attempt to define the doctrine precisely has


Peer Support Specialists are extremely effective in assisting individuals with emotional distress, as shown by consistent data from testimonials and both specialized and gray literature.1,2 Peer interventions contribute to improvements in both self-esteem and confidence, the ability to bring about positive changes, and the feeling that clinical treatment addresses the real needs and aspirations of individuals.3 In the past few years, Peer Support Specialists have been officially recognized as essential figures by Medicaid, Managed Care organizations, and other public health institutions for the of delivery of integrated and coordinated behavioural health services.4 It is worthwhile to note that Medicaid provides health coverage to low-income adults, children, pregnant women, elderly adults, and people with disabilities and that Medicaid-managed care provides for the delivery of Medicaid health benefits and additional services through the stipulation of contracts between state Medicaid agencies and managed care organizations.


Background: Gunshot injuries are range from minor superficial pellet injuries to devastating soft tissue and visceral injuries. The objective of study was to evaluate complete profile and outcome of gunshot injuries in tertiary care centre.Methods: This study was a prospective study. All gunshot injury patients who admitted in Department of Surgery, Moti Lal Nehru Medical College, Allahabad were included in study.Results: Result were analysed in terms of age, sex, rural-urban and religion wise distribution, etiology of injury, arms and ammunition, time elapsed in first aid, site of injury, associated injury, organ involved, Glasgow coma scale, injury severity score, revised trauma score, various blood and radiological investigations, treatment and complications.Conclusions: Gunshot injury was common in male patients, age group 21-30years, Hindu community and in rural areas. Most patients received injury by shotgun. Assault was most common cause followed by accidental injury. Majority of patients had Glasgow coma scale between 13-15, injury severity score below 20 and revised trauma score more than eight.  Mortality and morbidity were more common in patients with high injury severity score, low revised trauma score and Glasgow coma scale below 8. Abdomen was most common site involved in gunshot injury. Most of the patients were managed conservatively as these patients had external body surface injury. Laparotomy was done for intra-abdominal injury. Wound infection was the most common complication.


Computer vision is a field in computer science, which tries to provide machines with that appreciable sense that is sight. This coupled with artificial intelligence, where you want a computer to have consciousness, can make automatically and autonomously that computers, for example, monitor people safety. Furthermore, video surveillance can process different types of inputs to generate alerts that a user can use to avoid an unsatisfactory event. Needless to say that video surveillance is nothing without the artificial vision, which is responsible for all of the processing of the inputs, which the cameras provide, and give those outputs, which are the desire detections. This project involves, therefore, a junction of the two issues. It must achieve, using different tools, the transparent unification of all these concepts. Therefore, our final aim is to detect people effectively in crowd scenes. Specifying, we search an improvement in the people detection in the presence of the groups. In this type of scenario is even more complex detection, since people can are highly occluded with other persons. This project could be included as a I+D+i type. Since everything related to computer vision and video surveillance is investigated. Specific software is developed as a prototype that has all the desired features. And also innovates in the actual implementation of different algorithms. Finally, make clear that what we want is to be helpful to different projects that linked to this one, can increase knowledge, effectiveness and efficiency of different investigations and future implementations. Finally, it is important to stress that the main vocation of the present work is to as much lay the foundations for the later development of different applications related to the automatic monitoring from scenes from the point of view of the efficient implementation as from the point of view of the design of new algorithms of detection.


This study was designed to systematically analyze the relationship between a cephalometric analysis and the apnea‐hypopnea index in a group of Asian children with obstructive sleep apnea.


This paper deals with an efficient index scheduling technique based on Hilbert curve and MBR for k-NN query in a single wireless broadcast channel environment. Previous works have two major problems. One is that they need a long time to process queries due to the back-tracking problem. The other is that they have to download too many spatial data since they can not reduce search space rapidly. Our proposed method broadcasts spatial data based on Hilbert curve order where a distributed index table is also broadcast with each spatial data. Each entry of index table represents the MBR which groups spatial data. By predicting the unknown location of spatial data, our proposed index scheme allows mobile clients to remove unnecessary data and to reduce search space rapidly. As a result, our method gives the decreased tuning time and access latency.


High-Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor (HTGR) Power Reactors have a layered safety system with the concept of a double barrier system. However, quality assurance is required to ensure the fulfillment of technological analysis weightings on power chamber materials, power ratings, fabrication components of High- Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor (HTGR) fuel elements, primary and secondary coolant pressures to meet customer requirements and be carried out continuously systematic and objective. This study analyzes the application of quality assurance, safety, security, the correctness of test/calibration results, increasing competitiveness, consumer protection and building trust (brand image) in the use of HTGR reactors to provide a reliable level of safety and security. The study method used is based on the literature review. The output of this study is the document of the HTGR reactor quality assurance systems to fulfill the IAEA-TECDOC-1645 requirements according to safety and standardization in frameworks design, material, fuel, and physical properties of the quality management systems. HTGR reactor has technical qualification, good performance of HTGR fuel, safety and accident analysis source term analysis, control of multi-modular HTGR and related human factor analysis, also optimizing radiation protection of HTGR


Aerobic granular sludge is a new type of environmental biological treatment material,and by the virtue of its compact structure,microbial diversity and excellent settling property,it has attracted the attention of researchers in the field of biological treatment of sewage concerns.This paper summarizes the formation process,structure,and characteristics of aerobic granular sludge.Meanwhile the application of aerobic sludge granulation is reviewed,including toxic organic wastewater treatment,dairy wastewater treatment,nitrogen and phosphorus removal,removal of heavy metals and dyes,granule removal,and nuclear waste removal.


ABSTRACT A collective coordinate system in (2+1) dimensional space-time is proposed to study the soliton-like solutions of the model. Scattering of the solutions from potential obstructions is investigated using these collective coordinates. Most of the features of the soliton-potential interaction are derived analytically using the proposed collective coordinate system while numerical simulation of the model can be done with some difficulties. A model for adding the potential obstructions to the equation of motion is presented too.


The main filtering algorithms used currently in GPS/INS relative navigation for formation flight are summarized and analyzed.Based on which a distributed filter algorithm is proposed.A simulation system for GPS/INS relative navigation is built up to verify the algorithm.The simulation results show that the distributed filter can meet the requirement of a large and close formation flight.It can obtain higher estimation accuracy with less computation cost,decreased communication data amount and while the formation making a highly maneuvering flight.


ObjectiveThis study examined differences in perception of risk, hospitalization quit rates, and 6-month quit rates between pipe smokers, cigarettes smokers, and those who smoke both in the Department of Veterans Affairs. MethodsBefore implementing the Tobacco Tactics intervention (among 811 smokers), smoking quit rates were determined (among N = 465 patients with 6-month follow-up data available) in three Midwestern hospitals during 2006–2010. ResultsPipe smokers were less likely to believe that they needed to quit tobacco, that quitting would be difficult, and that quitting tobacco was important to their health. Eighty-five percent of pipe smokers remained tobacco free throughout their hospital stay compared with 59% of dual smokers and 60% of cigarette smokers (p < .10). Twenty-three percent of pipe smokers remained tobacco free at 6 months compared with 19% of dual users and 7% of cigarette smokers (p < .10). ConclusionAlthough pipe smokers had higher spontaneous quit rates than dual smokers and cigarette smokers, the perception of the risk of smoking was less among pipe smokers suggesting a need to expel the myths surrounding pipe smoking and increase cessation efforts.


Meta-analysis is a research synthesis that uses a quantitative measure, effect size, to indicate the strength of relationship between the treatments and dependent measures of studies making up that synthesis. For the healthcare professions, the internationally known Cochrane Collaboration publishes systematic reviews of the effects of healthcare interventions (see Antes and Oxman, 2001). Not all research syntheses are metaanalyses. Often, the purpose of a research synthesis is to provide a description of a subject area, illustrating the studies that have been undertaken. In other cases, the studies are too varied in nature to provide a meaningful effect size index. The focus of this column, however, is on research syntheses that result in a meta-analysis. One advantage of performing a meta-analysis includes the computation of a summary statistic for a large number of studies. This summary statistic provides an overall estimate of the strength of relationship between independent and dependent variables. Previously, research syntheses were divided into those studies that supported a particular hypothesis and those that did not support this hypothesis, making it difficult to form a conclusion. A second advantage of metaanalysis is that it provides evidence of the reliability of a research finding. Researchers have more confidence in the findings of multiple studies than the results of a single study. A third advantage is that it takes into account studies that failed to find statistical significance and may not have been published because of a lack of statistical power (reduced sample size). Not all researchers see this as an advantage. Kraemer and colleagues (1998) demonstrated that the effect sizes generated from underpowered studies were likely to be poor estimates of the population effect sizes. Introducing a large proportion of studies with inadequate statistical power into a meta-analysis could introduce bias into the overall effect size. A fourth advantage of metaanalysis is increased external validity. Many studies, strong in internal validity (design characteristics), do not use a representative sample of subjects. This limits the generalization of results. However, including many studies increases the variation of the sample and strengthens external validity. The most frequent criticism of meta-analysis is that it combines "apples and oranges." Synthesizing studies that might differ on both independent and dependent variables brings into question the usefulness of the end product. Further, many studies have similar independent and dependent variables but differ in the strength of design. Should these studies be combined? Last, even though the statistics used in meta-analysis are quite sophisticated, the end product will never be better than the individual studies that make up the meta-analysis. In this introduction to meta-analysis we use, as an example, a meta-analysis published in this journal by Connor and colleagues (2002) that demonstrated that pharmacologic interventions were effective for aggression-related behaviors in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We discuss the criteria for inclusion and exclusion of certain studies, the selection and computation of an effect size for an individual study, and the computation of an overall effect size and other statistical indices. We recognize that this column is brief and recommend the text by Lipsey and Wilson (2001) as an introduction to meta-analysis; we also recommend the edited text by Cooper and Hedges (1994) for the more sophisticated reader. Connor and colleagues' meta-analysis included 28 studies investigating the effects of stimulants on overt Accepted June 9, 2003. Dr. Gliner is Professor of Occupational Therapy and Education, Colorado State University, Fort Collins. Dr. Morgan is Professor of Education and Human Development, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, and Clinical Professor of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver. Dr. Harmon is Professor of Psychiatry and Pediatrics and Director of the Irving Harris Program in Child Development and Infant Mental Health, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver. The authors thank Nancy Plummer for manuscript preparation. Parts of the column are adapted, with permission from the publisher and the authors, from Gliner JA, Morgan GA (2000), Research Methods in Applied Settings: An Integrated Approach to Design and Analysis. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Permission to reprint or adapt any part of this column must be obtained from Erlbaum. Correspondence to Dr. Harmon, CPH, Room 2K04, UCHSC Box C268-52, 4200 East Ninth Avenue, Denver, CO 80262; e-mail: robert.harmon@ uchsc.edu. DOI: 10.1097/01.chi.0000085750.71002.01


The variation of load resistor influences the efficiency of the wireless power transfer (WPT) system dramatically. This study designs the mutual inductance of the resonant coil for achieving high efficiency at the heavy-load period (20Ω–50Ω) and light-load period (50Ω–120Ω). A class-E2 WPT system operated at 13.56MHz is implemented to verify the proposed approach. Measurement shows the efficiency is greater than 76% in a wide range of load resistors (20Ω–120Ω). The system output power is 20W at a specified load resistor (30Ω) which is occurred at a maximal efficiency point.


The Campo Formoso granite represents the magmatic phase of the remobilized Pre-Jacobina basement, located within an arc defined by the Serra de Jacobina, north of Campo Formoso, Bahia. Intrusive relationships between this granite and the Jacobina Group metasediments, gradational changes in textures and compositions between the granite and basement rocks, and the general structural-topographic expression of this arc suggest a mantled gneiss dome model for this area. This work establishes a Rb/Sr whole rock isochron age of 1911 ± l3 m.y. for the Campo Formoso granite. This date is interpreted as the age of the development of the structure, as well as a minimun age for the Jacobina Group metasediments. K/Ar dates on muscovites from the Campo Formoso granite are concordant with the Rb/Sr isochron. It is suggested that a lower regional thermal gradient in the Campo Formoso area during Transamazonic time is the cause for a more rapid cooling environment.


We reported a base-promoted metal-free approach for the synthesis of thieno[2,3-b]indole derivatives. This method combined four C-H σ-bonds cleavage reaction of two different kinds of C-H bonds and two C-S σ-bond formation process. Series of thieno[2,3-b]indoles were obtained starting from 3-benzyl indole derivatives with good yields and high regioselectivity with the elemental sulfur serving as the cheap and readily available sulfur source. Good efficiency could be kept even the reaction was performed on a gram scale. A plausible mechanism was proposed on the basis of mechanistic studies.


This paper describes a prototype DBMS, called VERTUR, which supports relational data structures and can be used inter-actively through a query language. The query language referred to as TURDIL is based on Turkish Language and is defined by a regular grammar. VERTUR has a fully integrated data dictionary which contains definitions of relations and user-views based on relations, along with information on data-access privileges.


The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating. In athletics and track and field, sprints (or dashes) are races over short distances. There are three sprinting events which are currently held at the Summer Olympics and outdoor World Championships: the 100 meters, 200 meters, and 400 meters. In the present study, the researchers were intended to investigate the performance development in sprinting events in last 10 summer Olympics. For the purpose of study, researchers have considered top 5 performers from the final round of each summer Olympic from the year 1980 to 2016 in 100m, 200m & 400m running events. On these three sprinting events (100m, 200m & 400m), running speed (sec./m) of the top 5 performers have been selected as the variables. Related supportive data were collected from different related websites. From the study, it has been concluded that the development of performance in sprinting events of both male and female is not continuous in last ten Olympics. There were continuous development in sprinting events only from 1980 to 1988 Olympic. In 2000, performance in every sprinting event has fallen down. In 2012, performance in every sprinting event has increased highly. In 2016, performance in every sprinting event has decreased than the previous Olympic except 400m men.


The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) miR-BHRF1 microRNA (miRNA) cluster has been shown to facilitate B-cell transformation and promote the rapid growth of the resultant lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). However, we find that expression of physiological levels of the miR-BHRF1 miRNAs in LCLs transformed with a miR-BHRF1 null mutant (∆123) fails to increase their growth rate. We demonstrate that the pri-miR-BHRF1-2 and 1–3 stem-loops are present in the 3'UTR of transcripts encoding EBNA-LP and that excision of pre-miR-BHRF1-2 and 1–3 by Drosha destabilizes these mRNAs and reduces expression of the encoded protein. Therefore, mutational inactivation of primiR-BHRF1-2 and 1–3 in the ∆123 mutant upregulates the expression of not only EBNA-LP but also EBNA-LP-regulated mRNAs and proteins, including LMP1. We hypothesize that this overexpression causes the reduced transformation capacity of the ∆123 EBV mutant. Thus, in addition to regulating cellular mRNAs in trans, miR-BHRF1-2 and 1–3 also regulate EBNA-LP mRNA expression in cis. Highlights The EBV miR-BHRF1 microRNAs do not up upregulate B cell growth in trans. EBNA-LP expression is downregulated by pri-miR-BHRF1-2 and 1–3 acting in cis. Loss of miR-BHRF1-2 and 1–3 causes EBNA-LP overexpression and inhibits B cell growth. Novel alternative splicing of EBV Cp/Wp transcripts was identified.


Takashi Kawamura, Hiroshi Shimotahira, Akihito Otani [Summary] Rapid progress in millimeter-wave wireless communication technologies requires accurate spectrum analysis in the frequency domain over 100 GHz. A tunable preselection filter is a key device in building such a spectrum analyzer. This paper proposes a new tunable filter as a preselector in the frequency range from 110 to 140 GHz. The filter was designed using a commercial electromagnetic simulator and a prototype was evaluated. The prototype measurement results support use of this filter for a preselector.


The progress of information technology promotes development technology and the innovation of original media's development. The use of computer technology in film and television media has brought unprecedented changes to the original information publishing methods. not only it enriches the content of film and television communication, but also improves the quality and speed of film and television media content.combining years of teaching experience, the author discusses and analyzes the application of computer technology in film and television media.


An independent method for the measurement of sound power, based on a primary standard traceable to units tied to fundamental constants, has been realised and tested. The most important achievement ...


© 2019 Iraqi Journal of Hematology | Published by Wolters Kluwer Medknow Dear Editor, We read with great interest the article "Clinicohematological profile of patients with peripheral blood cytopenias in clinical practice" by Thakur et al.[1] The most common cause of cytopenias in their study was infections followed by megaloblastic anemia reflecting the high prevalence of infections and nutritional deficiency in the developing countries. Megaloblastic anemia is the most common cause of pancytopenia in their study as well as from other studies from the region.[1,2] Another common nutritional cause of cytopenias is dimorphic anemia.[2] Raphael et al. reported 8.75% of cases of dimorphic anemia presenting with pancytopenia and Garg et al. reported 9.55% of cases presenting with pancytopenia.[2,3] Dimorphic anemia presenting with bicytopenia was as high as 50.5% in the series by Garg et al.[3]


Askanazy 1 found a parathyroid adenoma in a case of ostitis fibrosa and he suggested a cause and effect relationship between the parathyroid tumor and the bone disease. After his finding, many other instances of parathyroid enlargement were reported in association with ostitis fibrosa deformans, ostitis fibrosa cystica, osteomalacia and rickets. Parathyroid enlargement has also been noted in rats suffering from experimental rickets. The consensus until recently was that the parathyroid enlargement observed in association with these bone diseases was of a secondary nature, and appeared as a result of a compensatory hypertrophy due to the bone deficiency. Mandl, 2 and after him others, removed parathyroid adenomas in cases of ostitis fibrosa cystica and reported rapid clinical improvement of their patients, with cessation of the negative mineral balance. We felt that, if the extirpation of a parathyroid adenoma resulted in the clinical improvement of a case of ostitis fibrosa cystica, injections of parathyroid extract might produce similar or analogous bone lesions, if parathyroid hypersecretion was at the basis of the disease. Attempts have been made to produce experimental ostitis fibrosa by dietary deficiencies and by injury to the bone marrow 3 , 4 with negative results. Dogs treated with parathyroid extract develop very extensive bone resorption, in both the cortex and the medulla, but fibrous repair is difficult to elicit. It is suggestive that in the dog doses large enough to raise serum calcium to very high levels and to produce a recognizable overdosage complex, sometimes leading to death, are not sufficient to cause lesions severe enough to elicit the response of fibrous repair. In the guinea pig, however, doses which, while high in terms of parathormone units, produce very much smaller effects on serum calcium and few, if any, of the overdosage effects, will cause bone lesions with fibrous repair.


Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute systemic infectious disease of all cloven-hoofed domestic and wild animals. It is caused by Aphthous virus which belongs to genus Aphthovirus of family Picornaviridae. There are Seven different serotypes (O, A, C, Southern African Territories (SAT) 1, SAT2, SAT3 and Asia1) and numerous variants of FMDV have been identified. The disease is characterized by a clinical signs of vesicles, which are similar to blisters, that quickly pop and cause erosions in the mouth or on the feet, resulting in excessive salivation or lameness. The disease is widespread around the world; it is endemic in Asia, Africa and South America however developed countries such as America, New Zealand, Australia and some European nations are considered free of FMD. Foot and Mouth Disease virus can easily transmit by ingestion, aerosol, direct and indirect contact as well as spread by traveling through wind. The control and prevention measures for FMD, like other trans-boundary animal diseases, include: surveillance, animal movement control, vaccination, disinfection, quarantine and slaughter mass. FMD isendemic and known for its wider distribution in Ethiopia, . It is found in many parts of Ethiopia; including: Arisi Zone, Dire Dawa region, North wollo, round Debre zeit and Addis Ababa.


Fault detection via parameter estimation relies in the principle that possible faults in the monitored system can be associated with specific parameters and states of the mathematical model of the system given in the form of an input-output relation: y(t)=f(u,e,θ,x) where y(t) represents the output vector of the system, u(t) the input vector, x(t) the state variables which are partially measurable, θ the non measurable parameters which are likely to change on the occurrence of a fault, and e(t) the modeling errors and/or noise terms affecting the process. The general procedure to detect faults follows the steps below: (1) Establishment of the mathematical model of the system's normal behavior, y(t)=f(u(t),θ) At this stage, allowable tolerances for the system's parameter values are also defined. (2) Determination of the relationship between the model parameters θi and the physical system parameters pj. (3) Estimation of the model parameters θi from measurements of y(t), u(t) by a suitable estimation procedure,


This book covers the recent advances in the development of bioelectronics systems and their potential application in future biomedical applications starting from system design to signal processing ...


The adaptation to the water is the first step towards implementation of swimming styles. When it comes to adapting many do not give importance for not believing in the benefits and quality of life provided to those who practice it. The approach to the subject is to present the various ways of working this adaptation, with the vital care to perform consistently and


The dominant atrial frequency is a key parameter for the analysis of atrial fibrillation (AF) from intracardiac recordings. The preprocessing approach employed by Botteron et al. in an early work is able to retrieve this frequency. The preprocessing steps are: (1) 40–250‐Hz band‐pass filtering, (2) rectification, and (3) 20 Hz low‐pass filtering.


Name lookup, as a key function of routers for forwarding and filtering packets in NDN, has confronted serious memory efficiency problem. To solve the problem, this paper presents an efficient NDN name lookup scheme -- Split Name character Trie(SNT). It first decomposed a name into components, which were then hashed to construct a trie. After that, the trie would be split into two smaller ones. When operating name lookup, a name would be split into two parts to conduct lookup on the two tries independently. Experimental results show that SNT supports longest prefix match very well. It can reduce 30% ~ 38% memory cost by component hash and can reduce 30% ~ 33% memory cost further by splitting trie. Despite of the extra memory cost of maintaining hash table, it still improves general memory efficiency by 23% ~ 49%.


The Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) has the capability to high torque to current ratio, high power to weight ratio, high efficiency and stability. Due to the above positive points, PMSM is extensively employed in recent variable speed AC drives, particularly in electric vehicle applications. The electric vehicle is convenient for the city traffic without toxic gas emissions with low noise. PMSM became at the top of AC motor types due to the positive features written in the previous lines. However, it has two major drawbacks i.e. high cost and small speed range but it can be controlled and exceed to the small speed range with some control methods. A radial flux inner rotor PMSM architecture for electric vehicle application is presented in the project. The Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (IPMSM) of the electric vehicle Leaf model, which was first produced by Nissan company in 2012, will be analyzed with ANSYS Motor-CAD and then the analysis results will be compared with the theoretical results and finally will be optimized in the project. The paper will provide insights about various change of parameters and their effects to the other parameters.


Results of underwater sounds analysis related to the presence of a powerful thundercloud during its approaching to and moving away from the receivers are presented. It is shown that the thundercloud presence manifests itself at large ranges in the appearance of infrasound bursts that are ~ 3 sec in duration and with two peaks in power spectrum within 10-30 Hz. At closer ranges the impulsive sounds in the band 100-300 Hz begin to appear. At close vicinity (5-10 km) to the research vessel, a great variety of different impulsive sounds are observed, which can be associated with the presence of lightning strikes. Different hypothesis on origin of impulsive signals appearing in presence of a thundercloud are discussed.


CITATION: Sanchez-Hernandez, M. I., Robina-Ramirez, R. & De Clercq, W. 2017. Water management reporting in the Agro-Food Sector in South Africa. Water, 9(11):830, doi:10.3390/w9110830.


Through presenting a new style of theoretical framework for NIS, this paper demonstrates that national intelligence and its guarantee are of the first importance for promoting the development of a nation. So,the strategy of innovation advantage is the most advantageous strategy for our national development. National intelligence may be looked upon as the ability of a nation to make a strategic decision and to solve major problems, as well as the collective wisdom of academic, political and industrial circles. Meanwhile, the paper expounds on the utmost importance of social sciences, overlapping sciences and soft science. Also,the development of Chinese software industry is treated as a case by adopting the theoretical framework and the point of view raised in this paper.


The invention belongs to the field of chemical synthesis, and particularly relates to a production process of pyridinium hydroxy propyl sulfobetaine. The production process comprises steps as follows: (1), water is added to a reaction kettle, stirring is started, sodium metabisulfite and tetrabutylammonium bromide are added, epoxy chloropropane is dropwise added, and the temperature of a solution is increased; (2), the temperature is controlled between 40 DEG C and 60 DEG C, epoxy chloropropane is continuously dropwise added, and the mixture continuously reacts for 30 min; (3), the mixture is cooled to 40-45 DEG C, reduced pressure distillation is performed, most of water is removed, the solution becomes thick, and reduced pressure distillation continues to be performed when a large quantity of solids are formed; (4), pyridine is added, the mixture is fed into a reflux condensing tube and has a reflux reaction for 16h, and the pressure is reduced until a large quantity of solids are separated out; (5), water is added and stirred, activated carbon is added, the temperature is controlled under 50-60 DEG C, suction filtration is performed, and clear and transparent pyridinium hydroxy propyl sulfobetaine is obtained. With the adoption of the technical scheme, the production process is low in cost and suitable for industrial production, the purity and the yield are high, and operation is safe.


Page 1/9 11/1/2019 https://journal.interpreterfoundation.org/reason-experience-and-the-existence-of-god/ Abstract: Both reason and experience are essential to religious life, which should be neither completely irrational nor entirely cerebral. But surely, of the two, the experience of direct and convincing revelation would and should trump academic debate, and most obviously so for its recipient. The Interpreter Foundation was established in the conviction that reasoned discussion and analysis necessarily have a place in faithful discipleship, but also in the confidence that divine revelation has genuinely occurred. The role of reason, accordingly, is a helpful one. It serves an important ancillary function. However, it does not supplant experience with God and the divine and must never imagine that it can. Academic scholarship can refine and clarify ideas, correct assumptions, defend truth claims, generate insights, and deepen understanding, but, while human inquiry sometimes creates openings for revelation, it will never replace direct divine communication. Interpreter knows its place.


Fire. The first humans' synonym for light, sense of security and warmth. Since the beginning of its controlled use humans have assigned fire great meaning and powers – at times even some gods were depicted with a symbol of fire. The evolution of its controlled usage for the purpose of heating has come a long way from the first primitive fire places to the ones we know now – special places and devices, well designed for maximum fuel efficiency and maximum heat coverage. Even nowadays, when heating with gas or fuel oil is much more convenient as opposed to heating with solid fuels, there are a lot of buildings that are still being heated solely by solid fuels; many others are changing their heating devices to those that can accept two different types of fuels because of the ever-rising heating costs.
Since fire places usually stood in the middle of the main areas of the early houses, there were tendencies that they should not just play the role of a heating element but become a part of the house – something that aesthetically complements other elements. During millennia, those once primitive fire places have evolved into beautiful pieces of art that are, in many cases, only serving as a decoration without being used for heating.
In my thesis I will describe the stove as a representative of the early fire places in all its variations. I will describe what kinds of stoves we know and how they differentiate and also what technology drives them. Special emphasis will be made on the comparison of heating costs and ecologic impact of each individual stove type. The result of my thesis will thus also be applicable to broader public. Individuals who are installing heating systems for the first time or replacing the current ones can look at the price comparisons and ecologic impact of each individual fuel- and stove type.


In a year that has featured a global health pandemic, a racial justice political-social movement, and a divisive political election that stretches democratic principles, the topic of faith and community engagement may seem more prescient than ever. The exploration of the intersection of faith and community engagement at anchor institutions, though, began prior to all of these events. Yet, the topics that emerge in this special issue of Metropolitan Universities journal are even more relevant in our current context, as scholars, practitioners, and community partner co-authors explore the relationship between faith traditions and engagement in the community.
            As we framed this special issue as an editorial team, faith initiatives were initially broadly interpreted and all faith traditions were encouraged and considered (including, but not limited to, Christian, Jewish, Muslim, Buddhist, and Hindu). Faith was loosely defined as a religious historical tradition and set of beliefs centered on a higher power. Faith-based organizations were generally communicated as religiously-affiliated colleges and universities, while faith-based initiatives included programs that were religiously affiliated. This special issue focuses on the intersection of faith and community engagement, specifically how they inform each other and the relationship between them at anchor institutions.


Surface-fitting method is often adopted to construct height anomaly model in GPS-leveling.In these methods,polynomial fitting method is often used,but there exists some manually choosing factors itself.In order to choose automatically for the best coefficients,an auto-choosing algorithm was given and realized by use of programming.For the 502 common combinations of polynomial surfaces,the method could give automatically the best one.Additionally,some related problems,such as the accuracy of normal height and achievable leveling height level,were studied.


The paper developed a new method to solve tooth contact path of face gear drive based on the point contact theory of face gear drive.Supposing the tooth faces of pinion,shaper and face-gear are simultaneously meshing,by solving the meshing equation of face gear-pinion and the meshing equation of pinion-shaper,the meshing line of face gear drive in local system was found,and translating the meshing line to the tooth face,the tooth contact path of face gear was got.Matlab program was used to calculate the tooth contact path,and the results of the new method and tooth contact analysis were compared.The feasibility of new method was proved by the same results of the two methods.At last,tooth contact with alignment error of the driving system was analysed,and the influence of different alignment error on the tooth contact path was investigated.


The authors propose in this paper testing of materials used in dental constructions and dental cutters used for their processing on an electric stand, made by the authors. The stand will be equipped with a transmission that ensures variation of the rotation speed of the cutter from 3000 to 30000 rpm, variation of the sample rotation speed of the tested material from 10 to 300 rpm, vertical and horizontal plane and horizontal rotation mechanisms. The operation of the stand is considered to be simple. In order to carry out the tests, it is necessary and obligatory that the sample preparation operation is carried out in accordance with the validation standards, namely, the knowledge of the sample material, the mechanical properties, the dimensions and their weight. After mounting the samples and the cutter on the stand, the pressing force is established by adding additional weights, the rotation speed of the sample is set and the rotation speed of the cutter is also set to the horizontal movement speed to the cutter (measured in microns) by means of a micrometric screw mounted on the table stand acting on the sample holder.It measures the test time, determines the shape, dimensions and the weight of the samples after each period of time. Following the determinations we can observe the proportionality of the friction force with normal reaction, the connection between the coefficient of friction and the rotation speed during the test, the quality of the sample surfaces and the milling cutter subjected to the test.The study was conducted to determine the wear properties of dental cutters used in dental laboratories, where many materials with different mechanical and technological properties are used.


In this paper we analyze and study the Smarandache idempotents (S-idempotents) in the ring Zn and in the group ring ZnG of a flnite group G over the flnite ring Zn. We have shown the existance of Smarandache idempotents (S-idempotents) in the ring Zn when n = 2 m p (or 3p), where p is a prime > 2 (or p a prime > 3). Also we have shown the existance of Smarandache idempotents (S-idempotents) in the group ring Z2G and Z2Sn where n = 2 m p (p a prime of the form 2 m t + 1). x1. Introduction This paper has 4 sections. In section 1, we just give the basic deflnition of S-idempotents in rings. In section 2, we prove the existence of S-idempotents in the ring Zn where n = 2 m p;m 2 N and p is an odd prime. We also prove the existence of S-idempotents for the ring Zn where n is of the form n = 3p, p is a prime greater than 3. In section 3, we prove the existence of S-idempotents in group rings Z2G of cyclic group G over Z2 where order of G is n, n = 2 m p (p a prime of the form 2 m t + 1). We also prove the existence of S-idempotents for the group ring Z2Sn where n = 2 m p (p a prime of the form 2 m t + 1). In the flnal section, we propose some interesting number theoretic problems based on our study. Here we just recollect the deflnition of Smarandache idempotents (S-idempotent) and some


The role of nutrition in ensuring healthy life activity of the population of the Russian Federation is of great importance. Maintenance of the body's working capacity in crisis conditions is determined by the regular intake of a certain level of various nutrients. This is due to the growing popularity of dietary bakery products. The therapeutic and preventive effect of using dietary bakery products is provided by introducing into the formulation the necessary additional components or by eliminating undesirable ones as well as by changing the technology of their preparation. Introduction to the formulation of bakery products of ingredients that impart therapeutic and prophylactic properties can effectively solve the problem of prevention and treatment of various diseases associated with the deficit of certain substances. According to GOST 25832 89 the products of bakery dietary are divided into seven groups depending on the purpose: salt-free bakery products for those suffering from hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and kidney diseases. Bakery products with low acidity for people suffering from diseases of the gastrointestinal tract bakery products with reduced carbohydrate content are produced for patients with diabetes mellitus, who received a burn injury, with obesity, acute rheumatism. Bakery products with a low protein content for those suffering from kidney failure and other diseases associated with protein metabolism disorders bakery products with high content of dietary fiber with intestinal atony bakery products with the addition of lecithin or oatmeal are recommended for those suffering from atherosclerosis, obesity, diseases of the digestive tract and nervous system bakery products with high iodine content are necessary for those suffering from thyroid diseases and living in areas with iodine deficiency. A wide range of dietary bakery products is produced according to specifications. Development of technologies of dietary bakery products includes two directions: technology of bakery products with food ingredients in dosages from 3% to 30% to the total weight of flour with the use of bran, various grain products (barley, oat, corn, amaranth, buckwheat, millet and corn), soybean, pea flour. Technologies with micro-ingredients vitamins, mineral and biologically active additives [1].


A SPECIAL problem arose in a series of experiments on rabbits in which infarction of two lobes of the liver had been produced by temporary ischaemia (Carroll, 1963). If the ischaemia had lasted for 14 hours the animals survived


The goal for the adaptive optics systems at the Large Binocular Telescope Observatory (LBTO) is for them to operate fully automatically and to be able to be run by the observers or the telescope operator, without the need for an AO Scientist, except for on-call support. We will discuss the improvements which have been made to further this goal, and their application.