Abstract Arsenic (As) contamination is widespread in the industrial areas of northwest Ohio. Plant species that both take up As and are appropriate for the climate and growth conditions of the region are needed for phytoremediation to be successfully employed. Actively growing plants from 22 species of native genera were exposed to As in hydroponics systems (either 0, 10, or 50 mg As L−1; 1 week) and commercially available potting mix (either 0, 10, 25, 100, or 250 mg As L−1; 2 weeks), depending on their growth conditions. Aboveground plant tissues were harvested and digested, and concentrations of As were determined by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry. The highest tissue concentrations of As (mg As kg−1 dw) were recorded in seven plant species: Rudbeckia hirta (661), Helenium autumnale (363 in tissues formed after exposure to As), Lupinus perennis (333), Echinacea purpurea (298), Coreopsis lanceolata (258), Lepidium virginicum (214), and Linum lewisii (214). These seven species are ecologically diverse, which suggests that phytoremediation of As using diverse assemblages of plants may be an option for a variety of environments.


Research regarding the effects of intergroup contact on ethnic relations is reviewed. The investigations discussed include both intra-and crosscultural studies involving contact between various ethnic groups. The principles and generalizations emerging from these studies are categorized under the following topics: opportunities for contact, the principle of equal status, contact with high-status representatives of a minority group, cooperative and competitive factors, casual versus intimate contact, institutional support, personality factors, and direction and intensity of initial attitude. The major generalization derived from the present review is that changes in ethnic relations do occur following intergroup contact, but the nature of this change is not necessarily in the anticipated direction: e favorable' conditions tend to reduce prejudice, but e unfavorable' conditions may increase intergroup tension and prejudice. Ethnic attitudes may also change in their intensity, and they may be limited to specific areas of aspects of the intergroup relationships. Some practical applications are also considered.


Bangladesh is potentially capable of rapid, self-reliant and equitable development under the present AL leadership. But the combination of strategic openness and self-reliance requires firm, skillful and committed leadership at all levels. Our current situation is perilous precisely because the tentative moves towards a self-reliant and pro-people political and economic system have made powerful anti-liberation and anti-people elements in our country desperate. In addition to confronting these challenges tactically, our medium to long run strategic perspective must involve reduction of reliance on the undesirable and burdensome elements of the so-called foreign aid, much of which has created dependence and a domestic parasitic clientalism for big capital from advanced countries. While we must be open towards genuine development projects funded by donors who will build our domestic capabilities, we must reject the Trojan horse of aid that forces the adoption of neoliberal policies and weaken our sovereignty. We must also reject the manipulative use of big NGOs to sabotage the authority of a people's government in Bangladesh. On the positive side, we must emphasize the building of governance institutions according to the ideals of our war of liberation---secularism, democracy, sovereignty and social justice. In addition, we must tackle the challenges of long run ecological sustainability including the challenges from climate change. Nine specific strategic areas ranging from strategic openness to innovation and building up of human resources through progressive educational and other policies are discussed in this pro- people position paper.


The present study deals with the design and construction of a "Hot Wire Anemometer" module. The work has been conducted in Thermal Engines Laboratory of the Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics Department of the University of Patras, under the supervision of Professor Demos P. Georgiou.

The purpose of the current study was the design, construction and testing of a single channel, Constant Temperature Hot Wire Anemometer unit (CTA). The Hot-wire anemometry is a method for indirectly measuring fluid flow velocity, based on monitoring the thermal losses in a heated measuring element. The result is a function of not only the flow velocity, but also of certain other flow parameters.

Initially, some basic principles regarding the Hot Wire Anemometer are discussed and some aspects concerning the governing equations are also given. Furthermore, the development of the electronic CTA circuit shown, while later, the final circuit is implemented by employing the Altium Designer Software through which the Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) for the construction are finally obtained.

After the detailed presentation of the device construction, the main components and subsystems are discussed in depth. In addition, the principle of operation is also explained in detail.

Finally, a fine calibration is made for both, the electronic circuit and the sensor probe. The proper operation of the system as a final product is then certified by obtaining aerodynamic measurements at the exit of a three dimensional Boerger type nozzle.


Keeping up with the literature has changed from a merely unattainable goal to a painful joke. Regardless of when one first started in the scientific enterprise, one's expertise, in the sense of what one really knows in detail, has shrunk in proportion to what is known. Books that review the current state of a particular literature are therefore ever more useful as the pace of scientific change quickens. The need to get up to speed on particular topics explains the popularity of focused edited books such as handbooks and of journals such as Behavioral and Brain Sciences that publish review articles followed by extensive commentary. Nowhere are these observations more to the point than in the broad spectrum of topics dealing with genetics.


ABSTRACT.This paper discusses the major trends in scholarship about linguistic onomastic processes of construing names, the semantic standing of proper names, and the probable consequences names have on readers. The objective of this paper is to emphasize the relevance and potential of literary onomastics, the employment and role of names in literary works, and naming aspects that are instrumental in the intricacy and appeal of the fiction. Although researchers have discovered some important findings regarding the operational function that names have within literature, the symbolic weight of names, and the cognitive features of the roles that proper names serve, there is still a great deal that is unknown and that requires further empirical inquiry.Keywords: proper names; literary onomastics; fiction; reader1. IntroductionLiterary onomastics aims to investigate the link between characters and their names, and claims that the name's role is to replicate its bearer as a metaphor duplicates its referent. A writer can employ the textuality of the name in her fiction, using its connotations to produce an identity for the character. The characters of a literary text bear names and speak or write them for the purpose of communicating (Macfarlane and Macfarlane, 2015) with or referring to other individuals. A signifier is an analogy for a signified, and it also operates metonymically within a particular utterance, introducing itself into a concatenation of signifiers connected together to constitute a rational statement. (Stump, 1998) The reader may acknowledge names as a discursive stratagem (Anderson et al., 2015) that determines the author and the reader in the production of the fabricated space. Names are a component of the unprocessed stuff that construct the plots and are their key constituents. An investigation of the meanings of the names and their relevance will be instrumental in a grasp of how they attach to the consistency and aesthetics of the literary texts: names frequently have an important function in them and confer a particular aesthetic quality to them. Noticeable fictional names highlight a fancied space and encourage the reader to proceed through it as a participant. Names can be examined as a discursive scheme as they are instrumental in the texture of the narrative: to plot, portrayal and standpoint (names personify disputes and topics making the plots frequently unambiguous through them). (Ngonyani, 2001 )2. Linguistic Onomastic Processes of Construing NamesEvery reader of fiction uses a type of clairvoyance, predicting ends from beginnings, identifying symbolism in ordinary instances (Nelson, 2015), inspecting the characters' physical looks for signs of their personality (Willis and Tanzler IV, 2015), and constantly looking for the veiled meaning of proper names: the latter are influential interpretive instruments available to the inquisitive reader, providing a quicker and deeper grasp of a character's essence that readers may gather from her remarks and actions. We are prepared to perceive the name as driven and automatically associated with its bearer, and aim to identify inspirations in any literary name, regardless of how insipid it may first seem. We depend on the name when we read, we demand it, and we advocate its symbolic capacity. (Stump, 1998) Proper names' roles and features are determined by the class from which they are extracted and the kind of new name. The more dependable types of structural unchangeability for proper names seem to be characteristic to classes of proper names. When produced, proper names may be authentically new lexical items, or they may be obtained from present (associations of) words. There are no reasons for differentiating between kinds of referent that take proper names based on whether they carry meaning or not. The roles of various classes of proper names introduce different restrictions on proper names. (Valentine et al., 1996)In interpreting fiction we are inclined to recognize characters fundamentally by the names attributed to them: several character analysis methods are likely to interpret characters by referring to their names and occasionally diagnosing them in metaphorical words or as speaking names. …


and research institutes around the world came together in Brisbane, Australia, to present their papers at the 15th World Congress of Sociology, the theme of which was 'The Social World in the Twenty-First Century: Ambivalent Legacies and Rising Challenges'. In his opening address, Professor Alberto Martinelli1 said that the aim of the first congress of the International Sociological Association (ISA) to be held this century was to consider the theoretical and methodological tools available to sociologists to 'describe, interpret, explain and predict the social world and the situation of human society in the age of globalisation.' He therefore called on sociologists from different parts of the world and from different theoretical traditions to use the opportunities for discussion offered by the Congress in order to review paradigms, theoretical approaches and research findings with regard to sociology's ambivalent legacy and to analyse the rising challenges of a globalised society and the fragmented, hierarchical and unequal world in which we live.


A platform that has shown promise for larger payload and ultradeepwater applications is the Deep Draft Column Stabilized Floater (DDCSF) concept. An area of concern for this concept is its susceptibility to Vortex Induced Motions (VIM) due to its deeper draft that results in higher column slenderness ratios than conventional semisubmersibles. The VIM characteristics of the platform have traditionally been assessed through experimental measurements in model scale. An important issue with experiment based VIM predictions is that of Reynolds number scaling. The model test Reynolds numbers are typically in the subcritical regime. Limitations in experimental setup make it difficult to test VIM of semisubmersibles at supercritical Reynolds numbers or higher that are needed to preserve the flow similitude between model and prototype scales. A Computational Fluid Dynamics based approach is presented here that addresses the Reynolds number scale effects related to the VIM prediction of semisubmersibles. The effect of external damping due to the risers and mooring system on the VIM characteristics is also presented.


Abstract We generated a standard weight (Ws ) equation for the blacktail redhorse Moxostoma poecilurum by use of the empirical percentile (EmP) method. Length and weight data were compiled from 3,098 individuals representing 60 populations across five states in the southeastern USA. These data were subsequently used to create the Ws equation. The species' total length (TL) constraints (130–450 mm) were used to produce the final Ws equation: log10 Ws = −5.182 + 3.087 · log10TL. No length-related bias could be detected from the equation, indicating that it is a strong Ws equation. A separate data set from 42 populations and 179 individuals was used to validate the Ws equation. We recommend use of this equation for assessment of blacktail redhorse population dynamics, and we contend that creation of EmP Ws equations for other nongame fishes would be useful in management of fish communities as a whole.


Objective To observe the clinic effect and safty of domperidone on functional dyspepsia(FD).Methods Seventy patients who suffered from functional dyspepsia were divided into two groups at random.In treatment group (n=36),the patients administrated domperidone 10 mg three times a day.In control group,the patients administrated metoclopramide 10 mg three times a day.The treatment course was one month for each group.Patients returned to see dorctors once a week for the doctor to record the adverse reactions and changes of six symptoms in clnding upper abdominal pain,early satiety,eructation,nausea,vomiting and belching.Results The effective rate was 80.6% in treatment group which was higher than that in control group(58.8%).The difference between the two groups was significant( P 0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions was 5.6% in the treatment group and 26.5% in the control group.The difference between the two groups was significant( P 0.05).The recurrente rate was 16.1% in the treatment group and 32.0% in the control group.There is no significant difference between two groups( P 0.05 ).Conclusion Domperidone is safty and effective on treating FD with good dependence and without serious adverse reactions.


Alcohol abuse is a common phenomenon among the countries of the European continent. One of the first organs suffering from alcohol-induced damage is the liver. Activation of Kupffer cells, as part of the mononuclear phagocyte system, plays a significant role in the development of oxidative-nitrosative damage of the liver. Systemic inflammatory response affects the polarization of macrophages throughout the body and may affect the development of alcohol damage of hepatocytes. The aim of this work is to study the effect of in vivo stimulation by S. typhi bacterial lipopolysaccharide on the development of oxidative-nitrosative stress in rat liver under conditions of chronic alcohol intoxication. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: I - control; II - rats received 0.4 μg/kg of bacterial lipopolysaccharide of S. typhi; III - rats with induced alcoholic hepatitis, and IV - rats with chronic alcohol intoxication and injected bacterial lipopolysaccharide. The experiment lasted 63 days. We studied pro-oxidants antioxidant enzymes, the concentration of sulfide anion, nitric oxide production and malonic dialdehyde concentration in liver tissues. In vivo administration of bacterial lipopolysaccharide enhances ethanol-induced oxidative liver damage via increased production of superoxide anion despite the adaptive increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Nitric oxide, the production of which increases in the liver during prolonged stimulation of the rat body with bacterial lipopolysaccharide, chronic alcohol intoxication and their combination, mainly metabolizes to peroxynitrite


. This study aims to obtain information about the implementation of Holistic Integrative Program developed in Early Childhood Education. This program is more meaningful if the environment around the children can be used as the basis for development. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach. This research involved educators in Early Childhood Education in East Java Province. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. The objectives of this study were as follows: (1) to describe the services of holistic integrative program in early childhood education, (2) to describe the understanding and process of holistic integrative services, (3)to describe Holistic Integrative Program in Early Childhood Education. Therefore, it can be concluded that: (1) The children have the right to avoid disease and get the adequate nutrition to explore and develop their brainpower maximally; (2) Food can be used as a medium to educate children to be able to receive, like choosing good food and determining the amount of adequate and qualifiedfood; (3) Human rights are the basic rights carried from birth which are universally applicable to all humans.


An 80-year-old woman was admitted to our institution because of shortness of breath (New York Heart Association grade III) and stable angina pectoris (Canadian Cardiovascular Society [CCS] grade II).

Two years ago, the patient had a posterior wall infarction successfully treated by percutaneous coronary intervention and stent implantation. A low-gradient aortic stenosis with an aortic valve area of 1.1 cm2 was also diagnosed but was considered to be clinically insignificant at the time.

Because of the progression of symptoms within the last 2 years, a re-evaluation of coronary and aortic valve disease was performed. Coronary angiography revealed a 1-vessel coronary disease with a patent stent in the right coronary artery without any evidence of restenosis. The left ventricular ejection fraction was only moderately impaired (55%). However, the aortic valve area, as determined invasively, had decreased to 0.5 cm2. This was confirmed by echocardiography; the cusps of the aortic valve were calcified and their motion was impaired (Supplemental Data Movie 1).

On the basis of these findings, the necessity of an aortic valve replacement was discussed. However, because the patient was anxious and refused conventional aortic valve …


for guiding me through this project, for her conndence and enthusiasm. I also thank Hans Edner at the Department of Atomic Physics for answering questions about the DOAS-technique.


In this paper we report some tests regarding the feasibility of nanodiamond to act as a cleaning/consolidation agent of papers and parchments. We carried out a series of treatments aiming to develop innovative approaches for de-acidification, cleaning and consolidation. Dispersions of nanodiamond have been used as de-acidification agents of ancient papers showing the ability to sensibly reduce the acidity of the paper without using any alkaline base. Similar dispersions have been used for cleaning processes and nanodiamond demonstrated an outstanding capability to clean ancient papers and parchments avoiding the use of any solvent and surfactant. Moreover interesting results were obtained by using nanodiamond as consolidation agent. In particular, artificial aging by UV exposition was appreciably contrasted when samples were preliminarily submitted to a treatment by nanodiamond. This outcome was demonstrated in papers and parchments by Raman spectroscopy analyses that evidenced the property of nanodiamond...


Several methods of evaluating user programs are analyzed with respect to space and time requirements. The concept of an "ideal" directly executed language is introduced and it is argued that the "ideal" directly executed language for a contemporary computing system will not be either its source language or the language accepted by its base machine.


The basic methods of structural concrete design that have been developed so far cannot directly control damage, either at the local or the global level. In order to develop an integrated scheme for direct damage control during design and study its application in practice, a new design philosophy, named direct damage controlled design, is proposed. In spite of the generality of the presented design philosophy, this paper focuses on the beam type of structures composed of plain concrete or other quasi-brittle materials, such as masonry or ceramics, and subjected to statically applied loading. The proposed methodology appropriately combines code-based stress-strain relations with a simple expression for damage to determine with the aid of the fiber model and the finite-element method axial force and bending moments of a beam-column element as functions of deformation and/or damage. Five characteristic numerical examples are presented to illustrate the proposed methodology and demonstrate its direct applicability to structural design.


Many studies have produced and compared the accuracy of penetration testing tools in looking for vulnerabilities in web applications. In previous studies, comparative comparisons were made about the accuracy of dynamic analysis tools for website vulnerabilities. The purpose of this research is to obtain all information on an AMIK Indonesia website and to analyze it by collecting information on execution time such as network resource usage, attacks carried out, warnings, and vulnerability results sourced from analysis tool reports. The tool used is using Subgraph Vega and OWASP Zap and looking at the comparison of the tool reports. In this way, it can be seen whether the testing carried out by the tool is efficient and meets two important aspects of the analysis tool so that the penetration testing tool can find all vulnerabilities in the web application, and can also report detected vulnerabilities. When viewed from the results of the analysis obtained, SubGraph Vega has fewer Number of vulnerabilities than OWASP ZAP which has more. Meanwhile, other types of attacks were not found to be the same from the second tool.


In recent days, optical industries are in a great demand of super polished polycarbonate for making optical lenses because of its light weight, optical clarity and higher toughness over glass. Most of the currently available plastic polishing methods are not suitable for polishing of polycarbonate. In this research work, ball end magneto-rheological finishing (BEMRF) process is used to polish the polycarbonate up to nanometre order level surface roughness with cerium oxide, alumina and diamond as the abrasives. Best polishing results are achieved with diamond abrasive (final surface roughness Ra as 30.5 nm and percentage improvement in surface roughness as 54%). The polishing results of alumina and diamond are almost same. For alumina, analysis of variance (ANOVA) is done to see the factors' effect and their percentage contributions.


This document describes a new tutorial tool developed by NoTAM in which DSP programs, texts, help files and examples make computer music knowledge and practice available to students at the elementary school level and beyond. The educational material is organized on a CD-ROM, where students learn through a demo mode that allows a pre-programmed piece of music to be dissected through calls to the various programs that were used in developing the timbres of the piece. Pertinent theoretical topics are discussed as well, both in the texts on the CD-ROM and in an accompanying handbook.


OBJECTIVE To develop a HPLC ESI MS method for determination of oxybutynin in human plasma. METHOD The mobile phase was composed of 0.01mol/L ammonium acetate/water: methanol(15:85),phenoprolamine hydrochloride was used as internal standard. Plasma samples were extracted with cyclohexane and separated by C 18 column. The single quadrapole MS was used as detector. SIM was used for determination of oxybutynin in human plasma.RESULTS Standard curve was linear in the range of 0.2 to 50 ng/mL( r =0.9948),the relative recovery was between 90%~110%. RSD of intra day and inter day assays were all less than 10%. The limit of detection was 0.2ng/mL. The extraction recovery was more than 90%.CONCLUSION The method developed is stable and reliable for determination of oxybutynin in human plasma as well as for pharmacokinetic studies.


Along with the development of the software reuse, the software component technique and the OO technique , the reusable component based software development has been practical. It has been proved that by the development of the two life cycles of the reusable software, the reusable software component and the reusable component based software development, the reusable technique of software can greatly enhance the efficiency and quality of software development. In this paper, the reusable technique of software, the software component technique , the reusable component based software development and the component object model (COM) are briefly decribed.


FIELD: drilling of wells. SUBSTANCE: during the drilling operation, agent is added to the drilling mud. The agent permits reducing permeability of the rock being drilled in amount of up to 100% with respect to the volume of the drilling mud. Said agent is continuously flowing gel containing polyacrylamine or carboxylate containing acrylic polymer, chromium complex and aqueous solvent. The chromium complex is formed of at least one electrically positive cation CR +3 , at least one electrically negative carboxilate anion and electrically negative oxygen or hydroxyl, or inorganic ion, or water molecule or mixture thereof. EFFECT: more efficient process for preventing or reducing absorption of drilling mud. 3 cl, 7 tbl


In this paper we introduce a different topology than the most common ones defined on the vector space L(E, E) of all linear and continuous operators with domain and codomain the topological vector space E[t]. We prove some results using this topology. Then, we define, for each T e L(E, E\e real number y(T) in terms of the new topology and we prove some facts about this number and its resemblance with the spectral radius of T.


Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press SARL. This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license -http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. 226 Abstract—This study aims to find out first year student satisfaction at the Faculty of Engineering, Yogyakarta State University (FT UNY) on lectures, assessment of learning outcomes, academic services, and their effects on learning motivation. This ex post facto research was conducted from January 2019 to July 2019. The population of this study was 689 first year students from nine Study Programs at FT UNY. The research sample was 312 first year students, taken by proportional random sampling technique. Each Study Program is taken 4 Basic Courses (2 courses in odd semester, and 2 courses in even semester) in a purposive manner. Data collection using questionnaires and interviews. Instrument validation uses expert judgment. Instrument reliability estimation based on research data obtained alpha Cronbach of α = 0.84. Research data were analyzed descriptively, and regression analysis. The results showed that in general student satisfaction with lectures, assessment of learning outcomes, academic services and learning motivation was in the category of Good. These three variables, both individually and as a whole significantly influence the Learning Motivation. The three independent variables have a positive and significant effect on learning motivation. The regression line equation is obtained Y = 1.586 + 0.341 X1 + 0.130 X2 + 0.454 X3. All three variables contributed an effect of 53.1% on learning motivation.


Cross-disciplinary in its approach, through the internal frameworks of collaboration, this exegesis explores a series of case studies with non-guitarist composers, documenting the why and how aspects of collaboration in the context of creating new music. The primary focus is on how to translate non-guitarist composers' ideas effectively onto the guitar: to create music for the guitar which is idiomatic while maintaining compositional integrity.


This work goal to analyze contributions of the Socio-historical Theory to understand scientific concepts development about Physical Chemistry Area. In this work we will discuss, based on some neo-vygotskian research, the impact that theory on our study field, in this case the Chemistry. After that, we will analyze the different conceptions about the process of development of scientific concepts, based on their interrelationships with the "common sense" concepts. Finally, we propose an episode in education mediated by computer, the main theme "chemical thermodynamics", for the analysis of the areas of conceptual profile of students.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report on observations of administrative work processes in two Danish manufacturing companies. The brown paper method was applied in both cases as a visualization technique to map the process flows and to highlight improvement areas. The paper explores the process and discusses drivers as well as barriers for this form of employee involvement in optimization and change programs.Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on two case studies that illustrate the process of completing a brown paper exercise. Key staff along the process flow, from sales and order entry to the physical delivery of goods, participated in a structured course over a one‐month period.Findings – The paper stresses the importance of collective learning and validation of current practices. One success factor is the ability to create an atmosphere of openness wherein staff are able to speak freely and honestly. This process provides top management with a range of areas to consider for fut...


Two of the lost nuclear devices have undergone a low order high explosive detonation, qualified personnel are on the scene.


The P.multiflorumsamples with 1~3years old collected in different harvesting periods was evaluated by the multi-index comprehensive scoring method to determine the optimum harvesting period rationally.The results showed that the stibene glucoside content of P.multiflorum with two years old harvested from the middle ten-day period of November to the first ten-day period of December reached the maximum,the anthraquinones content of P.multiflorum was up to the peak in the middle ten-day period of December and the highest P.multiflorumyield was in the first ten-day period and the middle ten-day period of December.The rational harvesting period of P.multiflorumwith two-year old should be in the middle ten-day period and the last ten-day period of December to realize the goal of high yield,good quality and best economic benefit.


Abstract 749 We performed an integrated analysis of four phase 3 studies independently conducted by HOVON/GMMG, IFM, PETHEMA/GEM and GIMEMA European cooperative groups. These studies were designed to compare standard-dose bortezomib-based (V-b) induction regimens (VD or VTD or PAD) vs non bortezomib-based (NV-b) treatments (VAD or TD) before single or double autotransplantation (ASCT) for newly diagnosed myeloma (MM) patients (pts). In three trials bortezomib was also planned as (part of) post-ASCT consolidation or maintenance therapy. Aim of this analysis was to evaluate efficacy results of bortezomib incorporated into ASCT (V-b ASCT) vs ASCT not including bortezomib, particularly in pts with high-risk cytogenetics (HR-cyto) defined by t(4;14) and/or del(17p). A total of 2169 pts were enrolled and were followed for a median of 37 months (mos). Data on cytogenetics were available in 1894 pts. In the overall population, V-b regimens significantly increased the post-induction rate of CR (14.5% vs 4%, p Disclosures: Cavo:Janssen, Celgene, Millennium: Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Honoraria. Sonneveld:Janssen, Celgene, Onyx: Honoraria, Research Funding. Moreau:Janssen, Millennium, Onyx: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees. Blade:Janssen, Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees. Goldschmidt:Celgene, Janssen: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees. San Miguel:Janssen, Celgene, Novartis, Millennium, BMS: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees. Attal:Celgene, Janssen: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees. Facon:Onyx, Celgene, Janssen, Millennium: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees. Lahuerta:Celgene, Janssen: Honoraria. Lokhorst:Celgene: Honoraria. Palumbo:Celgene, Janssen: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene, Janssen, Merck, Amgen: Honoraria. Petrucci:Janssen, Celgene: Honoraria. Rosinol:Janssen, Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees. Salwender:Celgene, Janssen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees.


Abstract Soaring homeownership and housing prices have made it more difficult for newcomers to climb the housing ladder without parental support. This study relies on China Household Finance Survey microdata in 2015 to examine the role of parental attributes (PA) and financial support on adult children's homeownership attainment. Results show that, after controlling for covariates, parental lending for housing would triple the adult children's odds of homeownership. Parental financial support plays a marginal role in maintaining homeownership. Adult children are more likely to transfer income to their parents than to receive, which is detrimental to the adult children's homeownership. The relative importance of PA is secondary to that of parental support and the adult children's institutional attributes—hukou status and access to housing provident fund. While the housing market is maturing, some advantages embedded in the socialist institutional arrangements have persisted. Young adults and rural migrants, who are burdened by financially supporting their parents, will struggle more in their housing careers.


A survey of 50 protein structures (47 globular and 3 fibrous) indicates that intrahelical ion pairs between oppositely charged residues (Glu - , Asp - /Lys + , Arg + ) 3 or 4 residues apart along the helix may have a stabilizing effect on alpha helices exposed to solvent. It is found that the i, i ± 3/4 types of ion pairs are the most predominant, and their observed frequencies are significantly greater than their expected frequencies. Such a preference is not seen for the like-charged pairs which served as a control. It was found that the normalized frequencies of these ion pairs increased with the helix length. An analysis of the distances between the charged groups in ion pairs suggests that only about 20% of the ion pairs are stabilized by hydrogen bonding (salt bridged), about 40% by electrostatic interactions, and the remaining may be stabilized by solvation: forming water bridges or plumes of water molecules around the charged groups. The fibrous proteins, which have a proportionately larger solvent exposed area than the globular proteins, have a higher density of intrahelical or secondary structural ion pairs. They are distinguished from the globular proteins which contain fewer ion pairs/charged residues because of their smaller solvent exposed area. The results indicate that the ion pairs may have a stabilizing effect on alpha helices exposed to solvent.


Knowledge professionals are increasingly facing various tensions in their digital workplace brought by emerging lightweight IT and existent heavyweight IT and the processes and practices they support and enable. In this paper, we uncover five digital tactics, which knowledge professionals utilize daily to resolve these tensions when carrying out and ameliorating their productivity and well-being at work. While existent IS-research recognizes these socio-technical tensions as an IS-strategic phenomenon that managers resolve by deploying various strategic responses, we illuminate how digital tactics on individual, employee level is an equally important element in resolving these tensions and reaching strategic goals during digital transformation. Based on data from group interviews with 22 knowledge professionals, we abstracted five different digital tactics of improvisation, accountability, maneuvering, fostering a both/and culture and acceleration, that employees adopt to resolve tensions. Going forward, we suggest broadening our understanding of the socio-technical realm with the concept of digital tactics.


History through the lens of a stone is alluring. It presents us with the possibility of a different slice of history that we usually glimpse only in passing through fragments ofmaterial culture but thatwe rarely stop to focus on as a whole. The history of turquoise is a promising topic that Khazeni does not fully realize. Khazeni's book is divided into five chapters: "The Colored Earth"; "Turquoise, Trade, and Empire in Early Modern Eurasia"; "Turquoise of Islam"; "Stone from the East"; and lastly, "Other Side of the World." All seem to be tantalizing in topic until one reads the book and realizes that the first three chapters are repetitions of each other. Only with the last two chapters, in particular, "Other Side of the World," does the reader start to get new and different information, and even here there are issues of distribution, truncation, and uneven layout of information. "Colored Earth" tells of the origin of turquoise as a phosphate of copper and aluminum in desert environments. The colors of turquoise can range from green, as in the case of Mexican Aztec stones, to an unstable pale blue if it is mined too early. This chapter also discusses the mines of Nishapur, the Sinai, and Mexico, information that Khazeni repeats throughout the book. Khazeni also provides a listing of Arabic and Persian treatises on precious stones, such as al-Biruni's Jamahir fiMa꜂rifat al-Jawahir, and provides a list-like set of quotations from these treatises about the color of turquoise. "Turquoise, Trade, and Empires" discusses the role that the turquoise trade played in the tributary empires of Islamic Eurasia—namely the Timurids, Turkmen dynasties, Safavids, Mughals, and Ottomans. These were land-based empires "of difference (that) were neither commercial nor colonial but rather based on an ongoing negotiation of power and a


An ultrasonic densitometer has been constructed for measuring volume changes of solids and liquids over a wide range of temperatures and pressures. Data are presented for the polymer polyethylene oxide. The high precision of this device has allowed the determination of the pressure and temperature dependence of the bulk modulus and calculation of the Anderson‐Gruneisen parameter for this polymer. The values of this parameter are compared with the predictions of the model for linear polymers advanced by Broadhurst and Mopsik [J. Chem. Phys. 52, 3634 (1970)].


The report reviews the flight test results of the unit of linear acceleration meters (the BILU device) built on quartz pendulum accelerometers with digital feedback amplifier and pulse-width electric current control of torque sensor of each measuring channel. The unit has passed the flight tests as part of the control system of the Soyuz MS-14 spacecraft. A number of topics is considered, including the results of flight tests themselves, as well as the result of the analysis of the BILU device parameters after the tests, which confirm the stability of the main technical characteristics of the device.


Many software ecosystems have achieved success in recent years. Practices adopted by them are responsible for guiding their evolution and keeping the ecosystem health. However, there is not an accepted quality process model, framework or method for evaluating the essential practices that are commonly used in a software ecosystem. This paper proposes an evaluation method for software ecosystem practices and a research plan for developing such a method. We focus on the practices and metrics that can improve various facets of the ecosystem, and contributes to achieving good health for the ecosystem. These practices and metrics are modeled by three views of the ecosystem: community, business and technical. We illustrate an initial representation that summarizes the steps of the method and the identification of key areas that are relevant to the practices.


This Chapter is about the interpretation of section 1 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Section 1 allows 'limits' to constitutional rights insofar as they are reasonable and justified in a free and democratic society. It asks the state for moral justification when a right has been infringed by state action. Moral justification has formal and substantive aspects, therefore the application of section 1 deploys a formal framework of proportionality nestled within a thin conception of liberal democratic political morality. The chapter also addresses the relative moral importance of the notion of 'rights', as well as the relevance of institutional considerations. It is concluded that the section 1 framework follows a standard model of moral justification and cannot be significantly improved upon.


Telkom University is one of university in Bandung, was established on August 14, 2013. Telkom University was transformed of STT Telkom which standing on 1990. Based on observation which held by researcher, many people still consider that Telkom University still same with STT Telkom. But actually the case is Telkom University have different identity with STT Telkom. That's problem surely will be influence to image of Telkom University. This research have purpose to know how the relation name changes of STT Telkom being Telkom University about image of Telkom University to Bandung society. The theories used in this research are the public relation theory as a grand theory, rebranding theory as a middle theory, and then renaming theory and corporate image theory as an applied theory. This study is using the assosiatif methods, that is to find relation about independent variable and dependent variable. Using with survey methods to the 200 Bandung society as the respondents were selected using multistage of cluster sampling techniques. To determine the relation both of this variable in this research, used deskriptive techniques, pearson correlation techniques and also regression technique. The result showed that there are positive relation and significant between renaming of STT Telkom being Telkom University to image of Telkom University in Bandung Society.


On the base of introduction of Station service system of 500 kV transformer substation,the paper illuminates the economical and easiness of scheme adopted by 500 kV Dongpo transformer substation by means of analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of two station service system automatic switching schemes. By comparing the two kinds of reserve power source automatic connection device microprocessor automatic switching device and double power automatic transfer switching equipment,the paper illuminates the reliability and simplicity of double power automatic transfer switching equipment. In accordance with the relevant acceptance specification,testing and checking the double power automatic transfer switching equipment are needed to confirm the equipment is qualified and reliable before the using of Station service system. After the production,the double power automatic transfer switching equipment can execute automatic switch correctly and reliably for several times and has a good running state.


Graves' disease presenting primarily with psychiatric manifestations is widely described in the literature, with successful treatment of hyperthyroidism usually resulting in the resolution of major mental disturbances secondary to the condition. Although drug therapy remains the primary treatment modality for Graves' disease in adolescents' and radioactive iodine ablation is often reserved for patients who fail to achieve remission with anti-thyroid medications, medication non-adherence is a principal drawback to medical management. Long-term medication regimens such as that required for the medical management of Graves' disease are associated with poorer adherence than shorter regimens and decay in adherence rates over time. Moreover, medication non-adherence may even be more marked in adolescents, those who suffer from psychiatric conditions, and lack of familial support and parental supervision. We describe three homeless adolescents who were evaluated at a medical clinic in an urban shelter for homeless and runaway youth. All three patients had Graves' disease, presented primarily with psychiatric manifestations secondary to thryrotoxicosis, and were initially treated with antithyroid medications. Disease remission was not achieved primarily due to medication nonadherence. Radioactive iodine therapy, however,


Coherent diffractive imaging (CDI) is a new technique for the structural analysis of materials at a resolution limited by the wavelength of the radiation involved. Due to the strong interaction of electrons with matter and short de Broglie wavelength of electrons, electron CDI offers, in principle, atomic-scale resolution of nano-objects in coherent diffraction experiments. In addition, for nanocrystals, coherent diffraction in Bragg geometry allows for the recovery of a three-dimensional (3D) structure of the sample using an angular range of crystal tilt within a few degrees. In this thesis, a detailed theoretical and experimental investigation of the electron CDI technique is presented. The well-known nanocrystals of MgO smoke were used as a test nano-object. For diffraction experiments, we used a highly coherent illumination from a field-emission gun as a source of electrons. In our data analysis, we developed an algorithm to reconstruct a complex exit wave from the electron diffraction pattern alone. Results of the two-dimensional (2D) CDI reveal a crystal lattice with 0.15 nm resolution using Bragg reflections, and characterize the crystal boundary with a resolution of about 3 nm using diffuse scattering measured in the vicinity of the Bragg peak. In 3D electron CDI, we, for the first time, experimentally determined the morphology of a single MgO nanocrystal using Bragg diffraction geometry. The iterative algorithm developed was applied to invert the 3D diffraction pattern about a (200) reflection of the nanoparticle measured at an angular range of 1.8o, which revealed a 3D image of the sample at about 8-nm resolution. Computer simulations verified the results of 2D and 3D reconstructions. The described technique offers a powerful way to image crystals, disordered materials and biological samples of nanometer size with atomic-scale resolution


In order to develope domestic carburizers, the experiment was carried out by applying crystallization heat treatment to domestic anthracites and also to foreign products to compare with domestic anthracites.The present work was mainly concerned with the effect of their degree of crystallization of carbon-bearing materials on carbon pick-up in molten iron.Those effects were evaluated by the measurement of density, chemical composition, specific electric resistivity, and X-ray intensity of carbon-bearing materials. Experimental results thus obtained were summurized as follows. 1. The degree of crystallization of domestic anthracites and foreign products was increased with increasing heat treatment temperature. 2. The more degree of crystallization, the shorter the dissolving time of domestic anthracites in molten iron was obtained, while that of foreign products was remained constant. 3. As the degree of crystallization of domestic anthracites and foreign products was increased, the carbon content as well as carbon recovery in molten iron was increased.


Objective PET cerebral functional imaging method,photographic developer 18F-FDG and sham needling control group were applied in the experiment to study the activation effect in brain center of healthy volunteers who received needling in the Waiguan.Methods Twelve healthy volunteers were randomly divided into two equal groups,and received Waiguan needling and sham needling respectfully,both in the right hand.Meantime.PET(ECAT EXACT HR,Siemens Co.)was applied to scan the brain.Images obtained were processed and analyzed by SPM2 software.Results Compared to sham needling control group,brain areas such as left temporal lobe(BA42),gyrus temporalis superior(BA42),insular lobe(BA13),and cerebellum in Waiguan true needling group were significantly activated.Conclusion Waiguan needling activates certain brain areas,which correlated closely to its therapeutic effect.


A hardness assurance procedure is being developed that can be used to predict the degradation of certain CMOS microcircuits in space environment based on the results of total dose testing at high dose rate. The procedure includes heating the device, following irradiation, at specified temperature, time, and bias conditions. The interface state charge density is shown to vary inversely with dose rate. Therefore a correction in device hardness is required for space applications due to the increase in interface state charges at low dose rates. The annealing of oxide and interface state traps follows a first order reaction with an activation energy of 0.2 eV and 0.6 eV respectively.


[Glaxo Wellcome responds:]

Deena Ages notes that the patient information pamphlet for Relenza does not include the statement in the advertisement in CMAJ that reads "patients should be advised of the conditional nature of the market authorization for this indication." This statement is a reference


This study suggests an analysis of the reviews provided by international archival professionals on the RiC-CM draft published by ICA EGAD. Some implications for the Korean archival management environment were also suggested. Some professional reviews were accessible through the internet. Italian arc...


Differences were observed in the magnitude of the evoked electroencephalographic response to 1 percent morpholine for homing coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) exposed to morpholine as fingerlings 1 month before smolting as compared to salmon not exposed to morpholine as fingerlings. These results indicate that olfactory information has been retained for 18 months, the period between smolting and the homeward migration.


Objective To investigate the effect of all-trans retinoic acid(ATRA) on the expressions of VEGF and its receptors,and growth inhibition of Lovo cells,and analyze its possible mechanisms.Methods Lovo cells were treated with ATRA at different concentrations for different times,and MTT assay was used to measure cell growth inhibition.The growth stimulation of exogenous recombinant human VEGF165 to Lovo cells and its inhibitory effect of ATRA were also examined.Cell cycle and apoptosis were evaluated by flow cytometry(FCM).The level of VEGF secreted by Lovo cells and expressions of VEGF receptors were measured using ELISA technique and flow cytometry respectively..Results ATRA greatly inhibited the proliferation of Lovo cells in dose-and time-dependent manners.Exogenous recombinant human VEGF165 stimulated Lovo cell growth and such growth stimulation was inhibited dose-dependently by ATRA.With the increasement of ATRA concentrtation,the proportion of cell cycle G0/G1 cells increased from(60.10±1.27)% to(84.80±1.40)%,and the apoptosis rate increased to(39.79±3.96)%.The level of VEGF secreted by Lovo cells and expressions of its receptors were decreased with ATRA treatment..Conclusions ATRA decreases the expressions of VEGF and its receptors,and inhibits tumor cell growth.The possible mechanisms may be involved in blockade of the paracrine and autocrine pathways of VEGF,acceleration of tumor cell apoptosis and blockade of cell cycle.


Results for the actual radiance distribution of light are obtained numerically using the in situ measured optical properties of seawater. The scattering phase function is estimated through the regression equations that are based on all fifteen Petzold scattering phase functions. The derived scattering phase function depends the scattering coefficient, the single-scattering albedo, and the scattering angle. The final result is an expression for the upwelling sea angular radiance distribution as a function of: the sun zenith angle, azimuthal and zenith angles of viewing, the width of the opaque body, absorption and attenuation coefficients, and the phase function of scattering. The resulting radiance distributions are discussed and illustrated. Detailed quantitative interpretations of images sometimes require data about the angular distribution of light reflected from a shadowed sea. We derive the solution of the two-dimensional radiative transfer problem for the sea shadowed by an opaque body such as a pier. The solution of the problem requires two different theoretical approaches: one for the depth dependence and one for the horizontal field. The solution for the depth dependence is obtained using Green's function theory (Vladimirov, 1971). The solution in the horizontal direction is obtained with the one-dimensional Fourier transform method. The algorithm is based on the analytical solution of the spatially two-dimensional (Cartesian coordinates x and z) scalar radiative transfer equation in seawater. The 0x axis starts on the sea surface in the center of the pier shadow and increases towards the sun in the direction orthogonal to the axis of the pier. The 0z axis increases down in the direction of the sea bottom. For the estimation of the scattering phase function we use the regression equations that are based on the processing of all fifteen Petzold phase functions (Haltrin, 1997). These relationships connect the scattering phase functions with the scattering coefficient and the single-scattering albedo. The final equation expresses upwelling sea radiance distribution as a function of the sun zenith angle, azimuthal and zenith angles of viewing, the width of the pier and the inherent optical properties of the water (absorption and attenuation coefficients and the phase function of scattering). Results for the actual radiance distribution of light are obtained numerically using the in situ measured optical properties of seawater. The scattering phase function is estimated through the regression equations that are based on all fifteen Petzold scattering phase functions. The derived scattering phase function depends the scattering coefficient, the single-scattering albedo, and the scattering angle. The main final result is an expression for the upwelling sea angular radiance distribution as a function of: 1) the sun zenith angle, 2) azimuthal and zenith angles of viewing, 3) the width of the opaque body, 3) absorption and attenuation coefficients, and 4) the phase function of scattering. The resulting radiance distributions are illustrated. The future development of this problem may consist of the following enhancements to the theory: consideration of the reflection by the sea bottom; consideration of the atmospheric scattering effects and the elevation of the pier; consideration of the sea surface roughness; generalization to the non-infinite pier (a 3D-problem in space); consideration of the vertical optical inhomogeneity of seawater; and enhancement of the part of the theory related to the higher-order scattering effects.


In the present article, the legal nature of representative offices of the international organizations in the territory of member states is opened. In the article, the international-legal status, including immunities and the privilege of representative offices of the international organizations in the territory of member states are open. In this direction, a number of shortcomings of the Vienna convention of 1975 are defined and the corresponding practical recommendations about their overcoming in this direction are submitted.


The generation of alternate multiwavelength pulse trains in an actively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser containing an unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer is analyzed using numerical simulations and a theoretical Gaussian pulse analysis. The results obtained allow the interpretation of recent experimental results reporting multiwavelength pulse laser operation and provide a clear physical description of the operation of the multiwavelength laser. Furthermore, the analysis and modeling also provide guidelines for experimental design.


With the severe traffic situation in recent years as the background, there are intensive studies on the inter-vehicle communication system, aiming at the safety improvement of the road traffic system and the smooth control of the traffic flow. the spread-spectrum communication is very useful in the realization of such a system since the data for the distance between vehicles are obtained, which is very important in driving the vehicle, as well as the communication.

This paper considers the intervehicle communication network using the spread-spectrum system and proposes the medium access control (MAC) protocol for the autonomous distributed access control. to evaluate the performance of the proposed system, a computer simulation is executed for the environment where the vehicles run freely on a highway. It is shown that stable information exchange can be realized with vehicles running in nearby positions.


An efficient regioselective synthesis of a novel pyrazole derivative containing a coumarin moiety was achieved, which was electrodeposited as PC/Nafion/GCE sensor probe to detect the selective Co2+ ions for the safety of environment and healthcare fields.


The the eternal ones of the dream a psychoanalytic interpretation of australian myth and ritual 1945 that we provide for you will be ultimate to give preference. This reading book is your chosen book to accompany you when in your free time, in your lonely. This kind of book can help you to heal the lonely and get or add the inspirations to be more inoperative. Yeah, book as the widow of the world can be very inspiring manners. As here, this book is also created by an inspiring author that can make influences of you to do more.


INTRODUCTION: We aimed to develop and validate a histologic scoring system for the assessment of tendon graft to bone tunnel healing in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. METHODS: Tendon Bone Tunnel Healing (TBTH) scoring system, comprised of 5 items, each corresponding to one histologic feature valuated semiquantitatively on either a 5-point (0-4) or 6-point scale (0-5) was developed. Items in TBTH score are listed (Table I). Another 6 histologic features (graft collagen fiber organization, fibrous tissue organization, presence of chondrocyte-like cells, presence of proteoglycan-rich matrix, graft and interface vascularity and graft cellularity) were also graded for better understanding of the mechanism of healing but were not included in the TBTH score (Figure 1). Table I. The TBTH score for the evaluation of tendon graft to bone tunnel healing in ACL reconstruction. Validation of TBTH histologic scoring system The training dataset consisted of 15 blinded histologic slides of an on-going study representing different healing qualities at different time points (week 0, 2, 6 and 12), tunnel locations (juxta-articular region, middle region or exit region) and bone tunnels (femoral tunnel or tibial tunnel). Two observers were trained to familiarize with the usage of the scoring system. An independent dataset consisting of 89 blinded histologic slides were scored for validity and reliability tests. Two expert observers independently scored and their results were compared (inter-rater reliability). One of the observers scored the slides again within 2 weeks in order to assess the intra-rater reliability. Histological Processing For histological analysis, the samples were fixed in 4% neutral buffered formalin, decalcified in 9% formic acid and embedded in paraffin. Both the femoral and tibial tunnels were then dissected into 3 blocks of equal length (juxta-articular region, the middle region and the exit region). As a result, 6 blocks were obtained from each knee. Seven-micron-thick cross-sections were obtained from each block and consecutive sections were stained for Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and Safranin-O. The stained sections were then scored according to our proposed ACL histological scoring system. Figure 1. Representative images of graft degeneration (a), graft remodeling (b), fibrous tissue (c,d), collateral connection (e,f) and head-to-head connection (g,h) of TBTH score. Brightfield images (a-c, e and g) and polarized images (d, f and h) of H&E-stained sections are taken at 100x magnification. B: bone; G: graft; GD; graft degeneration; GR; graft remodeling; *: blood vessels and ▲: head-to-head connection. Bar = 200μm Data analysis Intraand inter-rater reliabilities of each item score and the overall TBTH score were evaluated both by raw agreement rates and weighted Kappa statistics (mean estimate, 95%CI). We evaluated the validity of the scoring system against the time-dependent changes of tendon graft to bone tunnel healing. The total score showing time-dependent improvement was regarded as demonstrating the validity of the scoring system. KruskalWallis test, followed by post-hoc comparison with Mann-Whitney U test, was used to compare the total score among different time points at different tunnel locations and bone tunnels. The weighted Kappa statistics was calculated using the StatXact version 4.01 (Cytel Software Corporation). Other statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). p< 0.050 was regarded as statistically significant. RESULTS SECTION: Both the intra-rater and inter-rater reliabilities of the scoring system were high, with weighted Kappa of 0.90-0.99 (all p<0.001) and 0.84-0.94 (all p<0.001), respectively, for different items. The sum of score increased significantly with time at different segments of both tunnels (all p<0.05), consistent with the process of tunnel healing. DISCUSSION: TBTH score is a reliable and valid measure for evaluating the histologic outcome of tendon graft to bone tunnel healing in ACL reconstruction. This study was supported by Hong Kong Research Grant Council Earmarked Grant 07-08 (CUHK4497/06M) and the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charity Trust. Histologic features Score


Open pond cultivation of algae is greatly affected by environmental factors, such as temperature, light, native predator, etc., which makes the controllability of aquiculture very poor. In the present research, a novel small helix-tube photobioreactor (PBR) with a volume of 1 L was designed according to the universal principles of PBR. The specific surface area of the reactor reached 62 m2/v, much more than 10 m2/v of the open pond cultivation conditions. A comparative study on the cultivation of algae between the PBR and outdoors was carried out. A species of marine microalga, Dunaliella salina, was used as a model organism in this study. At the end of the logarithmic phase after 12 days, the biomass of D. salina in the PBR was 290 mg/L, and the content ofβ-carotene reached 28.38 mg/L, while the biomass and content ofβ-carotene in outdoor cultivation were 250 and 22.87 mg/L, respectively. These results indicated that cultivation of algae in the PBR was more effective than that outdoors.

PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS

Despite the success of open systems, future advances in microalgal mass culture will require closed systems as the algal species of interest do not grow in highly selective environments. Furthermore, many of the new algae and algal products must be grown free of potential contaminants such as heavy metals and microorganisms. A helpful research was conducted in the present study to make a spiral-tube photobioreactor (PBR) for the cultivation of Dunaliella salina in order to increase the output of β-carotene. The designed PBR is based on the universal principles for such bioreactors, and is intended to overcome problems with outdoor cultivation. The advantages of PBRs in the light utilization ratio are obvious, including enhanced growth performance and higher biomass quality through cultivation in closed PBRs. It is hoped that this design of closed PBRs will be commercialized in the near future.


Recently, finding a connection between changes in work habits and the controls put in place to handle cyber security threats is an innovative area of study. Surveys and conversations with subject matter experts are utilized to gather data. Since many employees struggle with the psychological and emotional aspects of working remotely, employers and information security managers are expected to continue to devote more resources to mitigating human-factor threats, which have multiplied during the COVID-19 epidemic. Consequently, the research has focused on approaches to manage or enhance security in the light of the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on present cyber threats and issues. Moreover, this article consists of various perspectives such as remote work environment, privacy authentication procedure and future security procedure.


The analysis of pseudo-steady states of a chemical system can be aided by the identification of mechanisms responsible for overall reactions, from a known set of elementary steps that involve overall reactants and products as well as reaction intermediates. In the context of examples of catalytic synthesis of ammonia and methanol, an alternative approach for the construction of mechanims from steps is presented. The approach is based on successive processing and elimination of reaction intermediates which should not appear in the net stoichiometry of the overall reactions accomplished


In this paper a new system concept for a low cost, miniaturized and real-time imaging radar system for flying platforms is presented. The proposed solution is based on the MIMO radar architecture, orthogonal signals for simultaneous transmit capabilities and highly integrated SiGe chipsets. Using beamforming techniques at the receiver together with radar processing techniques, a 3D sensing of the range, azimuth, elevation and Doppler information for an arbitrary number of objects can be estimated through a simultaneous transmission and with real-time hardware implementable FFT processing techniques. A top-level system concept and a complete parametrization is proposed for a radar system which is intended for obstacle warning for helicopters and to enhance flight safety in approach, landing and take-off phases of flight even in degraded visual conditions. The full OFDM MIMO Radar system has been implemented and tested in a MATLAB environment and simulation results are here presented. This paper is the first step towards the implementation of a compact and real-time radar system demonstrator.


PURPOSE: A flat type light emitting diode-based light illuminating apparatus equipped with a diffusing board fixing clip bar is provided to facilitate the replacement of a light diffusing board by using the diffusing board fixing clip bar. CONSTITUTION: A printed circuit board with a plurality of light emitting diodes is installed at a fixed frame. A cover frame(10) is combined with the lower part of the fixed frame. A light diffusing board(20) is installed at the inner side of the cover frame in order to penetrate light from the light emitting diodes to the outside. A supporting wall(12) supports the lateral part of the light diffusing board. A diffusing board fixing clip bar(100) is formed in the form of an extended bar to the longitudinal direction or the width direction. A supporting part(110) supports the upper frame side of the light diffusing board. The end of an inserting part(120) is shaped in the form of a hook.


Two hot-pressed (HS 130 and NC 132) and two sintered silicon nitrides (with MgO·Al2O3 and Y2O3 additives) were examined in detail by X-ray diffraction, emission spectroscopy, medium-and high-resolution electron microscopy, and X-ray microanalysis. The overall morphologies of the four materials are quite comparable. Very thin (10 to 20 A) intergranular glassy films were detected in all the materials at almost all grain and interphase boundaries. The composition of these glasses was determined by X-ray microanalysis using a 200-A electron probe and the softening temperature was estimated from available phase diagrams. The results are in good agreement with the known softening temperatures for the four silicon nitrides, thereby confirming the central role played by glassy phases in determining the high-temperature mechanical properties of these materials.


The present invention relates to a projection optical system and the image display apparatus, and its object is to provide a shorter projection distance very compact projection optical system. A projection optical system closest to the enlarged end side of the mirror lens and the optical axis to the intersection point between the intersection enlarged end mirror (102) and the optical axis distance is the minimum distance L, a refractive optical system (101) of the focal length f between the axial ends of the optical axis of the image forming section (10) in the Y axis direction when Z-axis and a plane mirror (102) and a curved mirror (103) arranged in the Y-axis direction from a maximum value Ymax meet in the YZ plane and wherein, D1 is the light from the lens closest to the enlarged end of the enlarged end side of the maximum distance from the mirror to the intersection of the optical axis, ds1 amount D1 of the concave mirror portion covered, θ1 is connected to the light the angle between the curved mirror away from the intersection point (103) from the optical axis point of maximum and minimum points of the line and the optical axis.


Abstract Large turves from a ryegrass/white clover based pasture were exposed to 350 or 700 μl l-1 CO2 for a period of 217 d in controlled environment rooms. The temperature was increased during the experiment from 10/4 °C day/night to 16/10 °C and finally to 22/16 °C. The turves were cut to a height of 2 cm at intervals and growth rates calculated from the regrowth. Growth rates over the duration of the experiment were 8% higher at elevated CO2; the difference between CO2 treatments being statistically significant only at the highest temperature. Species composition of the turves at 350 μl l-1 CO2 showed seasonal changes similar to those measured in the field. The effect of CO2 was to exaggerate the normal decline of ryegrass at warmer temperatures and increase the proportion of white clover. About 30% of the total growth rate was from other species (notably Bromus hordeaceus L. and Poa trivialis L.) and this fraction was similar between CO2 levels. Root mass was measured at the end of the experiment and was 50% higher at elevated CO2. The modest above-ground response to CO2 was a result of CO2 stimulation occurring only at the higher temperature. Because of the CO2 × temperature interaction, the effect of CO2 in temperate regions will be seasonal. When this is matched with seasonal growth patterns of herbage species, a complex response of pasture communities to CO2 is possible. In our case, white clover was growing most strongly during the period of greatest CO2 stimulation and consequently its growth was enhanced more than that of ryegrass; however, the cooler season growth of ryegrass gives it a temporal niche which is little affected by CO2 and this may be important for ryegrass stability if it is an inherently poor responder to CO2. The results indicate that for temperate species the effects of competition at elevated CO2 cannot be easily determined from experiments conducted at a single temperature.


Trident edge couplers were fabricated using optical lithography. TE and TM coupling loss with lensed fiber were improved by 0.2 dB and 0.3 dB compared to a single-taper coupler. PDL was improved by 0.1 dB.


The indecomposable, almost completely decomposable groups are described with primary cyclic quotient relative to some regulating subgroup. It is shown that for an indecomposable almost completely decomposable group with one primary cyclic regulating quotient all regulating quotients are cyclic, i.e. isomorphic. Moreover, an almost completely decomposable group with primary cyclic regulating quotient decomposes directly into a completely decomposable summand and a direct sum of indecomposable almost completely decomposable summands with primary cyclic regulating quotients.


A model is presented which explains POS (plasma opening switch) operation on the basis of internal processes in the plasma. These processes include cathode plasma creation, double-layer formation, field penetration of the plasma, and current switching.<<ETX>>


Change is a fact of life. Changes certainly are being made and are left to make in teacher education course work. One area of undergraduate teacher education courses that need to implement change are those pertaining to measurement and evaluation. Educators and people in society want to know how well students are doing in school. To determine this, evaluation needs to be forthcoming. Through evaluation, one attempts to find out how well students are achieving. Sometimes, one has the position taken by Gorgias In ancient Athens who as a skeptic believed: 1. Nothing exists 2. If anything did exist, we could never know it. 3. if by chance we could come to know it, it would remain a secret because we could not communicate it to others (Sahaklan, 1968). The state of measurement and evaluation of student achievement Is almost In this condition. There is considerable disagreement as to how well students are doing in the public schools. At one en of the continuum, students are said to be doing well in school (See Bracey, 1999). Toward the other end of the continuum, students are reported as not doing well at all. There certainly are disagreements as to how student achievement is to be determined. Thus, a disagreement exists pertaining to quantitative (test scores) versus qualitative data (portfolios) on student achievement in the public school. Professors in higher education teaching courses on measurement and evaluation have different philosophies on how to ascertain student progress. Each philosophy must be discussed with students and indicate reasons for holding selected beliefs. No single philosophy should be taught as an absolute. Students have come out of measurement and evaluation classes as if there are certain dogma to be followed in developing and implementing specific tests. An open mind is necessary to measure and evaluate student achievement in the school setting. Coursework in Undergraduate Testing and Measurement What should be selected underlying principles taught In undergraduate professional education courses? Philosophy of testing and measuring need to become an inherent part of any course. When giving standardized tests, a single numeral is an end result in telling parents what their offspring has achieved. Generally a percentile is given. Thus, for example, a student may have scored on the sixtieth percentile. Out of every one hundred students having taken the test, forty were above and sixty below the sixtieth percentile. University undergraduates need to attach meaning then to percentiles. When the latter becoming classroom teachers, they need to be able to clearly state to parents what any percentile means. If in standardized testing, a standard deviation is given for a learner, clarification of this statistic must be in the offing. Thus, if the learner was one standard deviation above the mean, this involves 34.13 per cent of the Involved testees' results who were on this level. The median is the fiftieth percentile. Adding the one standard deviation to the median (50+34.13) indicates the learner to be on the 84th plus percentile. Percentiles are based on rank order with learners having taken the test to be ranked from high to low (Ediger, 1999, 85-91). A university student then needs to understand the following: 1. when percentiles are given from learner test results in the public schools, the percentiles may be packed very close together. For example, learners A, B, and C might be just a raw score apart respectively from having taken the test, and yet one learner is in first, one In second, and the third In third place. 2. each test has a standard error of measurement. The statistical technique used to determine a standard error of measurement of the involved test means that there is inherent error. Thus, the test does not measure with perfect consistency. Since the results would differ for the same learner when the test is taken again, there is a lack of perfect reliability here. …


Abstract Densification behavior, microwave and mechanical properties of the low temperature co-fired CaO–B2O3–SiO2 glass-ceramic with additions of La2O3–B2O3 and SiO2 were investigated. The results showed that the La2O3–B2O3 addition promotes the crystallization of the CaSiO3 and clearly enhances the flexural strength of the CaO–B2O3–SiO2 glass-ceramics. Si was added to adjust the shrinkage rate of the glass-ceramics to meet the actual use and the dielectric and mechanical properties were not significantly affected. The CaO–B2O3–SiO2-6 wt.%La2O3–B2O3-7 wt.%Si sample showed a flexural strength of 160 MPa, ∊r of 6.13 and loss of 12.34 × 10–4 (10 GHz), shrinkage rate of 14.9 %.


Summary form only. Characterization studies of a metal vapor plasma, and potentially an ion source, are reported. The source is well suited to solids having dielectric and thermal properties that permit their rapid heating by a high-frequency (2-3 GHz) signal. When the solid is properly placed in a resonant cavity, the conductively and dielectrically heated surface emits a vapor stream, which is then ionized in the near-surface region, yielding a metal-ion-rich plasma. Plasmas have been produced from two alkali metal halides, NaCl and KBr, as well as from graphite, titanium dioxide, and iron oxide. The power densities involved are characteristic of high-frequency plasmas and range from 1 to 30 W/cm/sup 3/. The factor of two or three difference between the ionization potentials of the metals and of the halides or oxygen results in an enrichment of the metal-ion content of the plasma and in the presence of the halides or oxygen as atoms rather than ions.<<ETX>>


Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is a standard procedure for emergency physicians (EPs). Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is known to have great utility in patients who are critically ill or in cardiac arrest and has been used by some EPs with specialized ultrasound (US) training, but it is generally considered outside the reach of the majority of EPs. We surmised that all of our EPs could learn to perform focused TEE (F‐TEE), so we trained and credentialed all of the physicians in our group.


After a recent upgrade, the vertical cavity test facility (VCTF) for SRF cavities at Fermilab features a low level RF system capable of testing 325MHz, 650MHz, 1.3GHz, and 3.9GHz cavities, helium liquefying plant, three test cryostats, and the interlock safety system. The cryostats can accommodate measurements of multiple cavities in a given cryogenic cycle in the range of temperatures from 4.2K to 1.4K. We present a description of VCTF components. We also discuss cavity instrumentation that is used for diagnostics of cavity ambient conditions and quench characterization.


Reciprocity (or "reciprocal altruism") was once considered an important and widespread evolutionary explanation for cooperation, yet many reviews now conclude that it is rare or absent outside of humans. Here, I show that nonhuman reciprocity seems rare mainly because its meaning has changed over time. The original broad concept of reciprocity is well supported by evidence, but subsequent divergent uses of the term have relied on various translations of the strategy 'tit-for-tat' in the repeated Prisoner's Dilemma game. This model has resulted in four problematic approaches to defining and testing reciprocity. Authors that deny evidence of nonhuman reciprocity tend to (1) assume that it requires sophisticated cognition, (2) focus exclusively on short-term contingency with a single partner, (3) require paradoxical evidence for a temporary lifetime fitness cost, and (4) assume that responses to investments are fixed. While these restrictions basically define reciprocity out of existence, evidence shows that fungi, plants, fish, birds, rats, and primates enforce mutual benefit by contingently altering their cooperative investments based on the cooperative returns, just as predicted by the original reciprocity theory.


We determine two-interval normalized tight frame wavelet sets for real dilation d 2 (1;1), and characterize all symmetric normalized tight frame wavelet sets. We also construct a normalized tight frame wavelet set which has an innite number of components accumulating at the origin. These normalized tight frame wavelet sets and their closures possess the same measure. Finally an example of a normalized tight frame wavelet set is provided whose measure is strictly less than the measure of its closure.


Cetin has applied non-quadratic optimization methods to produce feature enhanced high range resolution (HRR) radar profiles. This work concerned ground based targets and was carried out in the temporal domain. In this paper, we propose a wavelet-based-half-quadratic technique for ground-to-air target identification. The method is tested on simulated data generated by standard techniques. This analysis shows the ability of the proposed method to recover high-resolution features such as the locations and amplitudes of the dominant scatterers in the HRR profile. This suggests that the technique potentially may help improve the performance of HRR target recognition systems.


We present a multi-phase programming project, in Java, for an upper-division database course. The project parallels a modest reordering of the traditional classroom presentation of database management. In addition to illuminating theoretical concepts, the lab provides a capstone experience for an undergraduate computer science degree.


Meatpacking in the United States is a mature industry. Overall domestic per capita meat consumption levels have been stable for the past 25 years. As typical of mature industries, meatpackers compete by reducing costs through technical change, increasing in size and scope through acquisition or vertical coordination and by expanding into developing international markets. Meatpackers have also gained subtle product differentiation and pricing advantages and modest brand loyalty by vertically coordinating genetics, feeding, and processing. This has resulted in improved ability to meet consumer demands; enhancing revenues rather than simply competing on costs.


In the consumer products industry, it has been highly desirable to develop objective test methods to replace subjective evaluation methods. In developing an objective test method, subjective evaluation data should be on a linear scale. According to Thurstone's theory of comparative judgment, a%-preference from a paired-comparison test can be converted to a linear-scale value. The required number (N) of paired-comparison tests increases dramatically as the number of products increases. This problem should be solved by classifying the total products into several subgroups consisting of 3–4 products in each group. By doing so, it can not only significantly reduce the number of required paired-comparison tests, but it can also obtain more reliable, reproducible data.


The principle and application of single-chip machine is a quite comprehensive and practical major course. With the development of scientific technology, its experimental ways and methods are gradually improving and perfecting. This article mainly talks about the personal teaching experience, the methods of teaching designs. The purpose is to improve students practical abilities, self-studying and co-operative study abilities.


Abstract The Silver Reef mining district consists of four "reefs" on the northeast-plunging nose of the Virgin anticline: White, Buckeye, and Butte Reefs are on the anticline's northwest flank, whereas East Reef is on the anticline's east flank. The district is noted for its uncommon occurrence of ore-grade silver chloride in sandstone, unaccompanied by obvious alteration or, with the exception of copper, substantial base-metal ores. The ore horizons are contained in the Springdale Sandstone Member of the Moenave Formation, which is repeated by thrust faults on the anticline's northwest flank. High-grade silver chloride float was first discovered near Harrisburg in 1866, and in-situ mineralization was found in 1868, but it was not until 1876 that the silver rush was underway in earnest. The principal mining activity in the district lasted only through 1888, with lessee operations through 1909, after which major mining essentially ceased. Prior to 1910, the district produced over 7 million ounces of silver, nearly 70 percent of which came from the prolific Buckeye Reef. The mines were shallow, less than 350 feet deep, and most ore bodies were lens shaped, averaging 200 to 300 feet in length along strike by about half as wide and up to about 20 feet thick. The ore averaged 20 to 50 ounces silver per ton, but varied from only a few ounces to about 500 ounces per ton. Sporadic production between 1949 and 1968 yielded about 10 ounces of gold, 165,000 ounces of silver, 34 short tons of copper, and at least 2,500 pounds of uranium oxide. A leach-pad operation established between White and Buckeye Reefs to process tailings opened in 1979, but this venture closed with the collapse of silver prices. The district continues to be periodically explored for silver. Reclamation of the White, Buckeye, and Butte Reefs, completed during 1996 to 1997, involved 465 mine closures at a cost of $469,000; it was the largest single mine closure project for the Utah Division of Oil, Gas and Mining, Abandoned Mine Reclamation Program to date. Reclamation of 184 mine openings at the East Reef area was completed in 2000 at a cost of $170,000. Reclamation of the Silver Reef mining district was complicated by the fact that (1) the district is considered a "rural historic landscape" eligible for the National Register of Historic Places; (2) it is home to one of the state's largest Corynorhinus townsendii (Townsend's big-eared bat) maternity colonies and has numerous roosts for other bat species; and (3) because in the past three decades, the adjacent town of Silver Reef has experienced a second real estate and population boom and is now an upscale residential community.


Background Arterial stiffness can be separated into 2 main mechanisms: (1) load‐dependent stiffening from higher blood pressure and (2) structural stiffening due to remodeling of the vessel wall. The relationship between stiffness mechanisms and end organ damage is unknown. Methods and Results MESA (Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) participants with carotid ultrasound were included in this study (n=6147). Carotid pulse wave velocity (cPWV) was calculated to represent total stiffness. Structural stiffness was calculated by adjusting cPWV to a 120/80 mm Hg blood pressure with participant‐specific models. Load‐dependent stiffness was the difference of total and structural stiffness. Associations with incident chronic kidney disease (CKD), dementia, and mortality were assessed with adjusted Cox models. During 14.3±4.8 years of follow‐up, 773 CKD events, 535 dementia events, and 1529 deaths occurred. Total cPWV was associated with mortality (hazard ratio [HR], per 1 m/s, 1.04 [95% CI, 1.01–1.08], P=0.02) and dementia (HR, 1.06 [95% CI, 1.01–1.12], P=0.03) but not CKD (HR, 1.03 [95% CI, 0.98–1.08], P=0.33). Structural cPWV was significantly associated with mortality (HR, 1.04 [95% CI, 1.00–1.08], P=0.04) but not CKD (HR, 1.00 [95% CI, 0.94–1.05], P=0.86) or dementia (HR, 1.06 [95% CI, 0.99–1.13], P=0.06). Load‐dependent cPWV was significantly associated with CKD (HR, 1.38 [95% CI, 1.17–1.63], P<0.001) but not mortality (HR, 1.11 [95% CI, 0.99–1.25], P=0.07) or dementia (HR, 1.14 [95% CI, 0.94–1.38], P=0.19). Conclusions The mechanisms of arterial stiffness were associated with all‐cause mortality and CKD. Structural stiffness was associated with all‐cause mortality, and load‐dependent stiffness was associated with CKD. Total stiffness was associated with dementia but load‐dependent and structural stiffness were not.


The combined effects of Sm3+ substitution together with the addition of 3 wt% Bi2O3 endow MgCd ferrites with excellent magnetic permeability and dielectric permittivity. Various concentrations of Sm3+ (x = 0, 0.03, 0.06, 0.09, 0.12 and 0.15) were employed to modify the permeability (μ′) and permittivity (ε′) of the MgCd ferrites. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), vibrating sample magnetometry and vector network analysis techniques were used to characterize the samples. The measurement results reveal that the ferrites processed a saturation magnetization of up to 36.8 emu/g and coercivity of up to 29.2 Oe via the conventional solid-state reaction method. The surface morphology SEM confirms that with increasing Sm3+ concentration, the grain shape changes from a polygon to a circle. Moreover, the dielectric permittivity can reach a value of 23. The excellent properties obtained in Sm3+-substituted Mg ferrites suggest that they could be promising candidates for modern high-frequency antenna substrates or multilayer devices.


Objectives: The aim of this study was to present rare cases with coexistence of double chromosomal abnormality involving chromosome 21 and to discuss different mechanisms of double anomaly in live births for better counseling. Introduction: The coexistence of two chromosomal abnormalities in the same individual is relatively a rare phenomenon. Most of the previously reported cases of double abnormality were found in spontaneous abortions. Multiple chromosomal abnormality occurs as a consequence of a minimum of two errors during meiosis. The zygote carrying a double anomaly usually results from a double error in a single germ cell. However the coincidence of a single anomaly occurring in both gametes was also observed. Material and Methods: In this study, we described nine live births with double chromosomal abnormality involving chromosome 21. Cytogenetic studies and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis were carried out for all infants and their parents. The first new born had double trisomy involving chromosomes 21 and X in a female infant (karyotype 48,XXX,+21). Second and third cases had both trisomy 21 and trisomy 18 (karyotype 48,XX,+21,+18) the fourth case had apparent monosomy 21 and trisomy 18 (karyotype 46XX,21,+18). Cases 5-9 had trisomy 21 associated with deletion or translocation. In all cases the double chromosomal abnormality is de novo except in cases 1 and 6. Conclusion: We concluded that genetic counseling in such cases is difficult. Neither satisfactory data concerning the clinical outcome of the double chromosomal anomaly in live infants nor any information concerning the recurrence risk for their parents. However, we recommend the study of different tissues to parents of children with de novo double chromosomal anomaly.


The high energy US standard ghost cancellation reference (GCR) signal has the capability to give excellent ghost cancellation quality under adverse conditions such as high noise and changing channel characteristics. To achieve the high level of performance possible with this signal an equally high performance system must be available. This paper discusses the first system developed which uses the GCR recently approved as the American standard. >


Caching is a promising technique for 5G networks to reduce the backhual traffic and increase the overall network efficiency. In this paper, we study the caching placement policy with consideration of cooperative transmission for a two-hop relay-enabled device-to-device (D2D) network. In the caching placement phase, the probabilistic caching placement policy is considered, and in the content transmission phase, the hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) scheme with soft information combining [i.e., energy accumulation (EA) and mutual-information accumulation (MIA)] is utilized to improve the content retrieval experience. Cache-aided successful transmission probability (CSTP) is adopted as the main performance metric in this paper. By using tools from stochastic geometry, analytical expressions for the CSTP under different transmission schemes are derived. In moderate or high SIR regime, the optimal caching placement policy is identified based on the analytical expression and the CSTP performance is maximized accordingly. Evaluation results suggest that the MIA-based caching strategy performs better as opposed to existing strategies in most cases, but this outperformance vanishes when the transmission environment becomes severe or when users' requests become concentrated.


A modified method for preparing 99mTc-FHMA for pulmonary studies is elabrated. It includes a new antioxidant sodium metabisulphite. The optimum conditions for the reparation are given. A simple and rapid procedure with a yield more than 98% is described which eliminates a further purification step.


The Dajing tin polymetallic deposit is a bigger tin deposit in North China area. Thorough study on geology, geochemistry and metallogeny of the deposit can help tin prospecting in north china. The ore-forming temperature and depth was discussed based on the study of mineral assemblage, composition and ore structure of the deposit, resulted in the conclusion that the deposit belongs to sub-volcanic related hydrothermal deposit.


This paper presents the disturbance compensation scheme based on liquid crystal steering system according to the problem that satellite platform vibration affects the tracking and pointing accuracy in space optical communication. The mathematical model of liquid crystal steering system is built. For improving convergence speed, the adaptive controller based on posteriori estimation errors RLS lattice filter is designed, which not only achieves fast adaptation, but also reaches optimal steady-state disturbance compensation. Finally, the simulation results show that this control scheme is valid and feasible.


Three solid-state imidazolium iodides have been designed and synthesized for use as all-solid-state electrolytes in solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (ssDSSCs). The effect of substituents in the imidazolium ring on the ionic conductivity and solar cell performance of ssDSSCs has been investigated. As compared to the methyl-ethyl-substituted imidazolium iodide, replacement of one alkyl group (the methyl group) with an ester group increases the ionic conductivity and solar cell performance significantly, and further replacement of the other alkyl group (the ethyl group) with a hydroxyethyl group further increases the ionic conductivity and solar cell performance significantly. A power conversion efficiency of 7.45% has been achieved under the irradiation of simulated AM1.5G solar light (100 mW cm-2) with the ssDSSC using the hydroxyethyl and ester co-functionalized imidazolium iodide based solid-state electrolyte and a metal-free organic dye sensitizer.


The research on the intelligence fault diagnosis technology of complicated system is summarized in recent years with optimal method and optmal strategy to counter the characteristics of complicated industrial control equipment.It is detailed to analyzed the every kind of fault diagnosis the method's characteristics.The currently existing problems and the researching orientation are pointed out.


2D nanostructures with high surface area and flexibility are regarded as a promising building platform for flexible supercapacitors that are attracting tremendous attention due to their potential applications in various wearable technologies. Notably, although pseudocapacitive metal oxides are widely accepted as a very important class of electrochemically active materials, the utilization of 2D metal oxide sheets in the preparation of flexible supercapacitors is very rare. The scarcity of a suitable filler with the integrated properties of both high conductivity and excellent hydrophilicity is probably to blame. In this work, by introducing a recently discovered intriguing material, Ti3C2 sheets, a novel MnO2/Ti3C2 hybrid with a molecularly stacked structure is developed using a simple and scalable mixing and filtration method. Their individual advantages are combined in the hybrid, thus delivering excellent electrochemical performances. A highly flexible and symmetric supercapacitor based on the novel hybrid electrode manifests top‐class electrochemical performance with maximum energy and power densities of 8.3 W h kg−1 (at 221.33 W kg−1) and 2376 W kg−1 (at 3.3 W h kg−1), respectively, regardless of the various bending states, suggesting enormous possibilities for applications in future flexible and portable micropower systems.


An improved shear-lag model is developed in this paper to study the effects of interface roughness on the mechanical properties of unidirectional fiber-reinforced polymer composites with a staggered structure, in which the roughness is incorporated by establishing equilibrium equations for the fiber platelets with varying thickness along its axial direction. The stress transfer and effective Young's modulus of composites are mainly investigated due to the influence of fiber's surface roughness. Since the polymer matrix can be chosen as thermoplastic or thermosetting materials, a uniformly interfacial shear stress distribution due to the frictional transfer along fiber/matrix interfaces and a non-uniformly one due to the elastic transfer are analyzed, respectively. It is found that when the surface roughness becomes larger, fibers in the former will carry more tensile loads, while the tensile loads keep almost invariant in fibers and the shear stress reduces in matrix in the latter. Moreover, the effective Young's modulus of composites will be enhanced due to increasing fiber's surface roughness. However, the enhancing effect will gradually reduce with an increasing aspect ratio of fibers. The results should be very useful for the design of novel fiber-reinforced polymer composites, especially for those that needed interfacial modifications in order to improve the interfacial adhesion, for example, carbon-fiber reinforced polymer composites.