The Guarico 13 field is located in the western Greater Oficina area, Eastern Venezuela basin, and consists of a large number of hydrocarbon accumulation in sandstones deposited in a coastal-plain environment. Trapping mechanisms for exploration opportunities in the study area combine structural faulting and stratigraphic pinch out. Individual reservoir thickness is normally 20ft or less and therefore it is hard to detect the reservoir distribution and the limits of hydrocarbon trapping area by using seismic data even if a seismic inversion process is carried out. Although the size of each individual reservoir is small, multiple reservoir sections were observed in each well and the sum of these reserves will be worth developing. It is very important to predict the potential reservoir facies to increase oil production and to discover additional new reservoirs in this kind of sandstones deposited in a fluvial-deltaic system. The high-resolution stratigraphy in the area was achieved by correlating all the lignite beds that occur between the major marine and lacustrine flooding surfaces. Then the core intersections, log character, borehole image logs and palynology were utilized to estimate the depositional environment of each hydrocarbon-bearing stratigraphic unit. After this environmental analysis, modern analogs and a geological model were applied to predict the reservoir facies and its extent. In this report, the authors demonstrate two case studies of estimating the reservoir distribution ; one uses a template model of a major bed-load fluvial system with crevasse splay sands on interfiuve area, and another employs a crosscutting tidal inlet and associated ebb-tidal delta system as an analog. This sort of approach that uses modern analogs as templates is worth applying to predict the potential distribution of reservoir sandstone if 3 D seismic is not available or can not detect reservoir extent.


The atmospheric aerosols constantly are under action of natural physical fields and radiations (electromagnetic, radioactive, ultrasonic, gravitational). The performances of radiations vary in time and space. The influence of exterior forces is necessary to expect in the field of their boosted variability, labile state of an atmosphere and aerosol systems. The results of laboratory experiments on examination of influence of high-energy electromagnetic fields of a different type on a state of a salt aerosol are given. The influence ultraviolet, X-ray, scale of radiation and cold air plasma on heterogeneous responses in model system <> is explored. Is shown, that the action of hard radiations gives in appreciable change of reactivity of system <>. The interaction is accompanied by change of chemical composition and optical properties of alkali-haloids particles. There is a change of a composition of a gas phase besides.


The effects of BM-1 (extracts from the mackerel) on platelet aggregation and serum lipids were investigated. Daily 6 g of BM-1 was orally administered to 8 healthy male subjects for 30 days. Before and after taking BM-1, its effects on aggregation of platelets and serum lipids were studied. Platelet aggregation induced by ADP collagen was signficantly inhibited by BM-1. No significant difference between before and after administration BM-1 in the serum levels of lipids (cholesterol, phospholipid, and fatty acid) was found. However, the serum levels of HDL were significantly decreased by taking BM-1. No eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in BM-1 was detected. These results suggest that BM-1 may contain a factor, not EPA, inducing inhibition of platelet aggregation.


: is article is an extension of the theme of e- government as a tool to struggle with corruption. E- government, enabling citizens to directly contact state authorities via the Internet, eliminates contact with officials, thereby reducing their permissive function and the risks of corruption, ensuring transparency and accountability. e purpose of this article is a comparative analysis of the development of e- government in different countries of Europe and Asia, as well as consideration of the correlation between the expansion of e-government functions and the reduction of corruption risks in Kazakhstan.


In The Book of Songs the two poems about deserted women"Mang"and"Gufeng"are models of ancient Chinese narrative poems,which reflect the unity style of narrative technique and realistic lyric.From narrative perspective,narrative manner,creation of protagonist's character,comparative rhetoric and the utilization of Fu,Bi and Xing,the paper deals with the similarities and differences between the two poems,which gives a hint to readers in the aspect of literary aesthetics.


To help sellers timely and effectively get the commodity reviews,the author proposed a commodity review detection method based on the key word extraction.Based on the Chinese word segmentation,this method firstly extracted the candidate Key words based on part of speech tagging,and then filtered out noises based on the rules.The paper extracted the dynamic co-occurrence of the commodity reviews,and extended the Key words based on these dynamic co-occurrences.Finally the commodity review detection method based on the keyword was realized.The experimental results show that,compared to the basic model,the proposed method can increase the F-Measure by 34.8%,which proves that efficient key word extraction is very useful to the commodity review detection.


Novel nanofiber technologies present the opportunity to design new materials for advanced rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. Among the various existing energy storage technologies, rechargeable lithium-ion batteries are considered as effective solution to the increasing need for high-energy electrochemical power sources. This review addresses using electrospinning technology to develop novel composite nanofibers which can be used as anodes, cathodes, and separators for lithium-ion batteries. The discussion focuses on the preparation, structure, and performance of silicon/carbon (Si/C) nanofiber anodes, lithium iron phosphate/carbon (LiFePO4/C) nanofiber cathodes, and lithium lanthanum titanate oxide/polyacrylonitrile (LLTO/PAN) nanofiber separators. Si/C nanofiber anodes have the advantages of both carbon (long cycle life) and Si (high lithium-storage capacity). LiFePO4/C nanofiber cathodes show good electrochemical performance including satisfactory capacity and good cycling stability. LLTO/PAN nanofiber separators have large electrolyte uptake, high ionic conductivity, and low interfacial resistance with lithium, which increase the capacity and improve the cycling stability of lithium-ion cells. These results demonstrate that electrospinning is a promising approach to prepare high-performance nanofiber anodes, nanofiber cathodes, and nanofiber separators that can potentially replace currently-used lithium-ion battery materials.


Current treatments for glioblastoma, the most common primary malignant tumour, have not been successful in curing the disease. About 65 new therapies that are in development have been reviewed to identify the most promising targets for drug development. These include antineoplastic compounds, drugs which have novel mechanisms of action to either inhibit tumour growth or to destroy the tumour. Other methods in development are refinements of radiotherapy. Novel approaches include immunological approaches (such as brain tumour vaccines), anti-angiogenic agents, protection against the adverse effects of high dose chemotherapy, agents to sensitise tumours to radiation therapy and gene therapy. Gene therapy with herpes simplex virus (HSV)-thymidine kinase combined with ganciclovir had raised high hopes only to prove ineffective in Phase III clinical trials. Newer modifications of gene therapy include use of adenoviral vectors and new or improved prodrug/suicide systems, gene replacement approaches, or strategie...


In this study, a novel flocculant was prepared by an inorganic polymetric flocculant (IPF) - polysilicate ferro- aluminum sulfate (PSFA) and rectorite (REC). The structure of the PSFA-REC composite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD), in order to determine the optimal temperature. The flocculation test was made at 25℃, 45℃ and 65℃, the results indicated that when the temperature was 65℃, the removal efficiency of the oil and COD was the best, which was 87.2% and 92.6% respectively. Then by comparisons among rectorite (REC), PSFA and the composite PSFA-REC at the temperature of 65℃ and the optimal dosage of 11 mg/L, the composite PSFA-REC showed better flocculation performance than flocculant REC and PSFA alone.


S>A vacuum-distillation camera is used to investigate the properties of the metal source-e.g., whether it is a true point source, as well as the amount of creep and of elastic scatter of the distilling metal atoms. When the distilling source is charged with a radioactive material, a radioactive image will condense on the target plate. The radioactive technique permits the study of distillations of about a milligram of charge. (B.O.G.)


Directors of state owned company can be prosecuted because of suspected on their actions which cause state finances loss. The objectives of this research is to find out responsibilities of directors which cause state finances loss. This research used normative juridical method. The research result that the directors of state owned company were assumed as state officers. State owned company assets were intrepreted as state assets, as well as state loss was intrepreted as state finance loss. In administrative law, when directors of state owned company do an action that cause state finances loss, they are obliged returning the loss, but in criminal law, returning the loss will not eliminate the pinalty of the criminal.


The purpose of this paper is to review some advanced aspects of methods for analyzing data produced by simulations. The review focuses on methods for estimating parameters of stationary output processes. The techniques include some variations of the batch means method, sequential methods, standardized time series estimators, methods based upon Hoeffding's inequality, quantile estimation, and multivariate estimation


Along with science technical development, complications and technology content of machine equipments are more and higher and renew speed of it is more and more quickly, and this give a tremendous challenge to the training of maintain of machine equipments. It is have great significance to the maintaining of machine equipments guarantee by Applying the technique of virtual realistic at the machine equipments, developing the maintain training system in VR. It is personnel of important assurance to develop qualified maintain. It effectively solved problems about equipments of maintain and training whose structure complicated, price expensive and restrict training place and low efficiency. Therefore, this paper shows a certain machine equipments which is an object and designed to imitate to really maintain system. It provides an effective solution for the maintaining of machine equipments training.


In the early days of Singapore, immigrants started their own small businesses as a means of making a living as well as a way to riches and success. Over time, particularly during periods of economic depression and difficulties, many of these small businesses remained in business for family survival and living. Now small enterprises are needed as support industries for the activities of the MNCs, to make Singapore a more attractive investment destination for them, and to benefit more from their presence; and as Singapore approaches the status of a developed nation, small enterprises are increasingly seen as instruments to benefit from the globalization of the Singapore economy.


In order for the transference of the tools provided by a research center to be successful, two things must be accomplished, one by the research centers and the other by the product groups. First, the research centers must provide their results in terms of products in time for the projects of the product groups (i.e., they must be in line with project plans of product divisions). Second, this objective cannot be reached by the research centers alone. The transfer of the results has to happen between the research centers and the product divisions. Close cooperation is required; overall plans and schedules must be established between research centers and product groups.<<ETX>>


According to project experiences and standard of design,discusses on ventilating and smoke exhaust system for underground garages and presents the system be sure to come true its use function and meet the space of architecture,so as to ensure its ventilation and smoke exhaust and make architectural space be more reasonable.


Provided are a preservation solution for live cells or a composition comprising live cells and a method for using the preservation solution to preserve live cells or a composition comprising live cells, the preservative solution being easy to prepare and exhibiting a high cytoprotective effect, especially during low-temperature storage. The present invention achieves the aforementioned matters by providing a preservative solution for live cells or a composition comprising live cells, the present solution containing vitamin C and/or vitamin E or Edaravone in a liquid, such as a physiological isotonic solution, which serves as the base of the preservative solution.


Most of the low powered devices, embedded devices and remote sensor are powered by batteries. Even the long-lasting batteries will have limited life span. The replacement of battery is more expensive, recharging or substitution of the batteries are complex in wireless sensor network. To overcome this power limitation energy harvesting technique is used. This study is focused with the development of Energy harvesting in wireless sensor network (WSNs) using Radio frequency (RF) for power management. Simulated helical antenna is designed as a receiving signal and times splitter method have been used to calculate the energy harvesting rate. The performance analysis is done by mathematical calculations, path loss, noise reduction is obtained using Free space propagation model.


Abstract By Birkhoff's theorem a spherical symmetric convection pattern, as it is assumed to exist for main sequence stars as our sun, cannot lead to the emission of gravitational waves, but all stars that have a magnetic field generated by a magnetohydrodynamic dynamo must by a theorem of Cowling have a non-spherical symmetric convections pattern and for this reason have to emit gravitational waves. The intensity of the thusly emitted gravitational waves depends on the efficiency of this dynamo, expressed by the departure from a spherical convection pattern. The magnitude of the asymmetry is determined by a solution of Elsaesser's dynamo equations which only recently has become possible with supercomputers. The waves are emitted through large mass motions in the center of the sun by a thermonuclear fusion reaction-driven magnetohydrodynamic dynamo, with thermomagnetic currents in the tachocline shielding the strong magnetic field in the solar core. Using the moon as a large Weber bar, the gravitational waves are focused into the lunar shadow by Poisson diffraction where their effect might become observable during a total solar eclipse.


Taylor and Francis Ltd FDEF_A_133630.sgm 10.1080/14702430500336475 Defence Studies 470-2436 (pr nt)/1743-9698 (online) Original Article 2 05 & F ancis 50 00June 2005 WarrenChin Chi @JSCSC.Org The relationship between defence and economic growth has typically been posed in terms of a 'guns-versus-butter' debate. 1 Defence spending is often perceived as diverting valuable resources away from the civilian economic sector. Furthermore, high levels of defence spending can impose financial burdens on a society that are more often than not unsustainable and thus lead to economic instability. The flipside of the argument is that defence spending, inasmuch as it provides security, creates an environment conducive to foreign investments and private economic activity, and thus provides a platform for economic development and growth. This article first offers a theoretical framework for understanding the interplay between defence industrialisation and economic growth in Singapore. The framework draws on the two main theoretical traditions in the field of defence economics, namely mercantilism and liberalism. These theoretical traditions inform our understanding of the often-problematic notions of defence and national security as public goods, the role of the state in correcting market failures in the defence sector, and the spillover effects of technology transfer between the defence and civilian sectors in stimulating growth. This article then delves deeper into the process of defence production by focusing on the question of whether defence industrialisation and spending induce or inhibit economic growth. Finally, this article concludes with an analysis of Singapore's indigenous defence industrial base, and speculates on the viability of autarkic practices in defence production amid the globalisation of the defence industry and supply chain.


Programming for the web can be an intimidating task, particularly for non-professional ("end-user") programmers. Mashup programming environments attempt to remedy this by providing support for such programming. It is well known, however, that mashup programmers create applications that contain bugs. Furthermore, mashup programmers learn from examples and reuse other mashups, which causes bugs to propagate to other mashups. In this paper we classify the bugs that occur in a large corpus of Yahoo! Pipes mashups. We describe support we have implemented in the Yahoo! Pipes environment to provide automatic error detection techniques that help mashup programmers localize and correct these bugs. We present the results of a think-aloud study comparing the experiences of end-user mashup programmers using and not using our support. Our results show that our debugging enhancements do help these programmers localize and correct bugs more effectively and efficiently.


Abstract Chemical engineering as an engineering discipline has come to the fore during this century and its further progress will be influenced by the following considerations: first, developments of chemical processes in large-scale plants and changes in raw materials, and second, economic and political developments relevant to the chemical industry and developments in chemical engineering proper, including engineering procedures for the design and construction of production plants. These are all reviewed here. In the future new processes for very large production plants are to be expected for the chemical conversion of raw materials to energy.


To describe the relationship among patient characteristics, Von Hippel‐Lindau (VHL) gene status and clinical outcome in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in patients receiving vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐targeted therapy.


A context-aware system always needs to adapt its behaviors according to context changes; therefore, modeling context-aware requirements is a complex task. With the increasing use of mobile computing, research on methods of modeling context-aware requirements have become increasingly important, and a large number of relevant studies have been conducted. However, no comprehensive analysis of the challenges and achievements has been performed. The methodology of systematic literature review was used in this survey, in which 68 reports were selected as primary studies. The challenges and methods to confront these challenges in context-aware requirement modeling are summarized. The main contributions of this work are: (1) four challenges and nine sub-challenges are identified; (2) eight kinds of methods in three categories are identified to address these challenges; (3) the extent to which these challenges have been solved is evaluated; and (4) directions for future research are elaborated. key words: systematic literature review, context-aware requirement modeling, challenges, modeling methods


There is widespread malnutrition in the world. The diet available in India, Indonesia and several other Asian countries averages less than 2000 calories per day. Inadequate education, large families, crowded farmland, exhausted soil, small scale and primitive methods, poor transportation and general poverty make improvement very difficult.


Forced convection heat transfer for power-law fluid flow in porous media was studied analytically. The analytical solutions were obtained based on the Brinkman-extended Darcy model for fluid flow and the two-equation model for forced convection heat transfer. As a closed-form exact velocity profile is unobtainable for the general power-law index, an approximate velocity profile based on the parabolic model is proposed by subscribing to the momentum boundary layer integral method. Heat transfer analysis is based on the two-equation model by considering local thermal nonequilibrium between fluid and solid phases and constant heat flux boundary conditions. The velocity and temperature distributions obtained based on the parabolic model were verified to be reasonably accurate and improvement is justified compared to the linear model. The expression for the overall Nusselt number was derived based on the proposed parabolic model. The effects of the governing parameters of engineering importance such as Darcy number, power-law index, nondimensional interfacial heat transfer coefficient, and effective thermal conductivity ratio on the convective heat transfer characteristics of non-Newtonian fluids in porous media are analyzed and discussed.


Objective The aim of this study is to construct prokaryotic plasmids expressing carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) genes—subunit H1 (CRDH1) and subunit H2 (CRDH2) of Chinese parmota asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR), purify and renature the recombinant proteins CRDH1 and CRDH2. Methods Both CRDH1 and CRDH2 of ASGPR were amplified by RT-PCR from the liver tissues of Chinese marmota and cloned into the prokaryotic vector pRSET-B, respectively. Expression of the 6xHis-tagged recombinant proteins was induced by IPTG in E. coli BL21(DE3)pLysS. Purification of the recombinant proteins was performed by affinity chromatography with Ni-NTA His-bind resin. The purified recombinant proteins were then renatured in dialysis buffer. Results The recombinant proteins ASGPR CRDH1 and CRDH2 were efficiently expressed as inclusion bodies in prokaryotic cells. The final purified products of DRDH1 and CRDH2 had the molecular weight of 22 ku and 15 ku correspondingly. By using mouse monoclonal antibody against ASGPR (8D7), Dot-ELISA proved that both CRDH1 and CRDH2 recombinant proteins were effectively renatured. Conclusion The purified and renatured recombinant proteins ASGPR CRDH1 and CRDH2 presented in this study may be used as targeting molecules for gene therapy of liver diseases.


Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of total glucosides of paeony(TGP) in treating Sjogren syndrome(SS) and thus find an effective method for treating and other rheumatic diseases.Methods: Fifty-six patients with SS were selected and treated with TGP(600 mg,3 times daily) for 36 weeks.The erythrocyte sedation rate(ESR),immunoglobulin,and salivary flow were determined.Schirmer test,serum protein electrophoresis,and 10 cm visual analogue scale(VAS) were performed before and every 12 weeks after the administration of TGP to evaluate the degree of the disease for both physicians and patients.Results: The effective rate and markedly effective rate of TGP were 21.4%(12 of 56 patients) and 5.0%(3 of 56 patients) 12 weeks after the treatment,55.3%(31 of 56 patients) and 14.3%(8 of 56 patients) 24 weeks after the treatment,and 57.1%(33 of 56 patients) and 21.4%(12 of 56 patients) 36 weeks after the treatment.The incidence of mild side effect within 12 weeks of the treatment was 14.3%(8 of 56 patients).Conclusion: TGP is effective and safe in the treatment of SS,so it can be administrated for a long period of time.


Spotted spiny lobsters, Panulirus guttatus, are small, obligate reef-dwellers that exhibit a highly sedentary lifestyle and a low tendency to aggregate with conspecifics, and that reproduce asynchronously year-round. Individual females can produce multiple clutches per year but have a short receptivity per clutch. As in most spiny lobsters, females of P. guttatus mate only once per clutch and resist further mating attempts, features that may favour development of female mate choice but limit the potential for sperm competition. We separately examined mate choice by large and small mature females through laboratory experiments that controlled for effects of male–male competition, quality of shelter, and mere social attraction. Only large females expressed preference for larger males relative to their own size, suggesting that only large females that mate with small males risk sperm limitation on fecundity success. In couples that mated, males deposited rather small, thinly spread spermatophores on the sterna of females. Spermatophore area (considered as a proxy measure of sperm content) increased with male size and showed no relationship with female size, suggesting that males of P. guttatus have a short sperm-recovery period or do not exhibit strategic sperm allocation in a non-competitive context. A comparison of average sperm allocation between P. guttatus and its sympatric species, P. argus (a much larger, highly mobile, and highly social species with more seasonal reproductive periods and a longer receptivity of females per clutch), suggests that males of P. guttatus allocate proportionally less sperm to females, on average, than males of P. argus do. According to predictions of across-species risk models, this result suggests that males of P. guttatus perceive lower average levels of sperm competition risk than males of P. argus do, implying that different Panulirus species may exhibit different mating strategies in accordance with their particular life-history and sociobiological traits.


The idea of alienation and the development of alienation in society are examined. Concepts from alienation theory that illumine human functioning are presented along with ways they can be useful both in practice with individuals and in designing the administrative structure of social agencies.


Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is one of the many health problems that occur in Indonesia and it's increasingly widespread. This study conducted a susceptibility test for mosquitoes Aedes aegypti against insecticides used in the province of South Kalimantan. Larva capture surveys, environmental observations in 300 houses in each districts province (each district represented by 3 endemic health center work areas) in South Kalimantan province. The larvae obtained by reared until the adult mosquito is of the third progeny (F3) and then tested against Malathion insecticide 0.8%). The results of the Malathion susceptibility 0.8%, in 8 districts in the Province of South Kalimantan illustrate the conditions of resistance in all regions. In addition, the results of the susceptibility test showed that the Aedes aegypti mosquito was 0.8% Malathion resistant. Therefore, it is recommended that a program be able to intensify the PSN movement, rotation of insecticide active ingredients, supervision of technical officers or larvae monitors.


Background: Pectoral plane blocks are routinely used in analgesia for patients undergoing dual-plane breast augmentation with implants. Local anesthetic infiltration is a simple alternative technique with the same aim. The authors evaluated both techniques. Methods: In this single-center retrospective study, patients received pectoral plane block (ropivacaine 0.2%, 10 ml for pectoral plane I; 20 ml for pectoral plane II) or local anesthetic infiltration. The primary outcome measure was pain, according to the visual analogue scale, at 24 hours after surgery. Secondary outcomes included the measure of pain at 1, 2, 6, and 12 hours after surgery; total opioid consumption at 24 hours; and opioid side effects. Results: Eighty-one patients were finally recruited: 37 in the pectoral plane group and 44 in the local anesthetic infiltration group. Patient characteristics were comparable between the two groups. At 24 hours after surgery, the local anesthetic infiltration group showed a decrease in pain, with a visual analogue scale score of 0.7 versus 1.5 in the pectoral plane group (p = 0.007). There was no difference in visual analogue scale score between the two groups at 1, 2, 6, or 12 hours after surgery. The duration of anesthesia was increased in the pectoral plane group, with 153 minutes versus 120 minutes in the local anesthetic infiltration group (p < 0.001). There was no difference in rescue morphine consumption between the two groups. Conclusions: The authors found that local anesthetic infiltration had a superior analgesic effect at 24 hours after surgery for dual-plane breast implant augmentation compared with pectoral plane block. These findings are a good indication that the local anesthetic infiltration technique is at least as effective as pectoral plane block while being safe, fast, and easy to use. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, III.


We present an improved version of the Singular Complement Method (SCM) for Maxwell's equations, which relies on an asymptotic expansion of the solution near non-regular points. This method allows to recover an optimal error estimate when used with $\mathbb{P}_1$ Lagrange finite elements; extension to higher-degree elements is possible. It can be applied to static, harmonic, or time-dependent problems.


Neritic tunas caught mainly from purse seine: Thai purse seine, light luring purse seine, purse seine with aggregating devices and Tuna purse seine along the Andaman Sea Coast of Thailand in 2012. Four species of neritic tunas were caught longtail tuna (Thunnus tonggol) 9.33 % kawakawa (Euthynnus affinis) 7.33%, frigate tuna (Auxis thazard) 3.62 % and bullet tuna (Auxis rochei) 2.99 % of total catch, although bullet tuna caught mainly in the northern part while frigate tuna caught mainly in the southern part of Andaman Sea.Total CPUE of neritic tunas was 545.59 kg/day, which compose of kawakawa 170.36 kg/day, longtail tuna 217.00 kg/day, bullet tuna 69.47 kg/day and frigate tuna 84.16, kg/day. The highest CPUE was caught from Tuna purse seine. Mean of folk length of kawakawa was 24.88 cm (10-59.5cm), longtail tuna was 36.69 cm (14.0-30.0cm), bullet tuna was 23.39 cm (12.0-39.0cm) and frigate tuna was 30.86 cm (11.5-43.5cm). Tuna purse seine was caught the bigger size of neritic tunas than other gears.


Contains 126 easy-to-scan tables listing drugs of choice for specific clinical situations; dosages, dilutions, and infusion rates; and indications and adverse effects of drugs. Emphasis is on toxicities, compatibilities, and clinical considerations that would guide the choice of drug. This thoroughly updated Third Edition includes many new drugs and has an expanded section on neurologic and psychiatric therapeutics.


In Western Australia ("WA"), teachers are required to undertake 100 hours of professional learning (PL) to maintain their registration. REmida WA Creative Reuse Centre offers Reggio-inspired "100 Languages" workshops as part of its PL programme, thus enabling
 interested teachers to attain the necessary hours. The purpose of this research is to help REmida WA identify the needs and interests of their clientele so they may design relevant educational experiences that accommodate clients' professional learning goals. This mixed-methods study
 examines teachers' motivation to attend REmida WA's "100 Languages" workshop. One hundred teacher participants from across all education sectors were asked to identify their interest in REmida PL and how REmida supports their learning programmes. Findings show that
 teachers view REmida WA as an organisation that helps them to learn about and better understand Education for Sustainability ("EfS") and creative pedagogies. REmida is also valued as a source of open-ended materials for resources that can support children's learning
 about sustainability.


Available parking slot detection is the first step for autonomous parking systems. In this paper, we propose a novel parking slot detection method that uses the center information regression and the occupancy classification of the parking slot. We design a self-calibrated convolutions network (SCCN) to obtain the position, length, occupancy and direction, which can also infer the parking slot type according to the prediction results. The method divides an around view monitor (AVM) image into the 16 × 16 grid cells and performs a SCCN detector for feature extraction. Subsequently, the whole parking slot can be easily inferred via prior geometric information and detection results. We adopt the heatmap, MultiBins, and midline to detect the center keypoint, direction and occupancy, respectively. And we quantitatively evaluate the performance of the proposed method on the public PS2.0 datasets. The experimental results show the outperformance by a precision rate of 99.35%, a recall rate of 99.17%, an occupancy classification accuracy of 99.12% and all correctly inferred types of parking slots on the datasets.


In the present day context of urban areas in Indian climate, looking at the statistics of the operating efficiency of existing mechanically operated water treatment plants run by local governing bodies and even when huge costs are incurred in their maintenance, it is necessitated that an efficient wastewater treatment system suitable in Indian climatic conditions and that too efficient, self-operating with minimum interference and at a low-cost construction, operating and maintenance cost. Decentralized onsite and naturally operating treatment methods are much efficient, cost-effective and feasible for Indian context. In current research, Effective positioning and modeling of the non-mechanised, gravity-based wastewater treatment system is carried out at refuge floor which is coined to be proposed as "environmental floor" for G+32 storeyed residential building. Comparative analytical study for structural and seismic response of both the structures (with and without environmental floors) is performed to check feasibility of the treatment system and quantify the benefits arising from it. It is observed form obtained results that the system can be adopted as an ultimate sustainable solution for wastewater treatment in cities where otherwise a lot of unhygienic conditions prevail if centralized treatment plants are not efficiently working.


The exploitation of the production capacity of the agricultural fields and mainly of the arable areas was performed over the time by their improvement with drainage, banking-regulation, underground drainage, soil erosion control and other types of works. According to the data supplied by A.N.I.F., in Suceava County, there is a surface of 44,904 ha with drainage works, of which 27,455 ha with drain works. The results of the research carried out in the pedoclimatic conditions of the Moldova riverbed proved that within 5 days of circa 30 mm rainfall, in the case of absorbing drain lines spaced 15 m and 20 m apart, respectively, on an area of terrain not modeled in strips with ridges, the mean value of soil water content decrease from the median between the drains towards the drainage line. For the drains that service the area of terrain modeled in strips with ridges the lowest value was recorded on the drainage trench, whereas the highest value was measured 2 m from the drainage line due to the surface flow that occurs throughout torrential rain. Concerning the momentary soil water content, categorized by depth, in points situated 2 m from the drainage line and upon the median between drains, the highest value was recorded 40-50 cm deep, whereas for the drain located upon the area modeled in strips with ridges, the highest value was recorded 50 to 70 cm deep, due to the higher elevation of the terrain and to the contribution of rougher soil material resulted from modeling the terrain. Upon the drainage trench the soil water content increases with depth due to the water influx towards the drain's filter during the 34 years of operation.


The problem of efficiency of regional tax expenditures is an actual issue of the fiscal policy and fiscal federalism in Russia. A large fiscal autonomy allows federal subjects to realize a more active tax policy to attract new investments. One cannot claim current fiscal powers of the Russian regions to be wide. However, not all the regions use even existing tax policy instruments. Moreover, out of the regions that use them only few provide incentives to stimulate investment decisions. Others use regional tax measures to support businesses that already have strong positions in the region. And it is an open question whether such tax incentives are efficient. On the other hand, an aggressive tax competition for investors can also be wasteful for regional budgets. In this paper, we calculate indicators that characterize the depth and scope of tax exemptions provided at the regional level. The calculations are based on the open tax statistics. Through the analysis of the tax legislation as well as the economic structure of selected regions, we reveal the inducements of their higher activity: federal regional tax policy, tax competition or benefits for budget-forming companies of the region.


A Kind of Fate-G. Terry Sharrer 2002-09 A Kind Of Fate: Agricultural Change In Virginia, 1861-1920 surveys farming in Virginia through the experiences of Jacob Manning and his son James. We read about their individual struggles, the impact of the Civil War, contrasts between farming and country life, Jacob having to farm through the harsh times of the Civil War, his son James farming experiences during a post-war time of rising prosperity. Author Terry Sharrer (curator of health sciences at the Smithsonian Institutions, Washington, D.C.) focuses on the changes in agriculture and its shift from crop-focused to livestock-dominated farming.


Access to sufficient sources of energy is critical to our future growth and economic wellbeing. The South African government has prioritised performance in service delivery. This includes clear national energy efficiency targets for the electricity sector, to provide the entire country with electricity. The National Electricity Regulator is supervising the progress of all electricity providers towards meeting their targets.


References Historical Note Logical Consequence Excursion to UA Special Cons. Ops Equivalence Modules Cons. in Modules Equiv. in Modules Fundamental Property Consequence relations C. Tsinakis slide #2 Abstract Equivalences and translations between logical consequence relations abound in logic. The aim of this talk is to propose a uniform treatment of various constructions and concepts connected with the study of logical consequence relations. The approach is of order-theoretic and categorical nature, and provides a roadmap for considering related questions in the future. Abstract References Historical NoteReferences Historical Note Logical Consequence Excursion to UA Special Cons. Ops Equivalence Modules Cons. in Modules Equiv. in Modules Fundamental Property Consequence relations C. Tsinakis slide #3 References ⋆ S. Abramsky and S. Vickers, Quantales, observational logic and process semantics, Math. Struct. in Computer Science 3 (1993), 161-227. W. J. Blok and D. Pigozzi, Algebraizable logics, Memoirs of the AMS 77, no. 396, 1989. ⋆W. J. Blok and B. Jónsson, Equivalence of consequence operations, Studia Logica 83 (2006), no. 1-3, 91-110. ⋆ Augustus De Morgan and Charles S. Peirce [See e.g., C. Brink, Boolean modules, J. Algebra 71 (1981), no. 2, 291-313.] ⋆ N. Galatos and C. Tsinakis, Equivalence of consequence relations: an order-theoretic and categorical perspective, J. Symbolic Logic 74, no. 3 (2009), 780-810. J. Gil-Férez, Categories of modules over complete residuated lattices, preprint, 2008. ⋆ A. Joyal and M. Tierney, An extension of the Galois theory of Grothendieck, Memoirs of the Am. Math. Soc. 51(309), 1984. A. Pynko, Definitional equivalence and algebraizability of generalized logical systems, Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 98 (1999), 1-68. J. Rebagliato and V. Verdú, On the algebraization of some Gentzen systems. Fund. Inform. 18 (1993), no. 2-4, 319–338. C. Russo, Quantale Modules, with Applications to Logic and Image Processing, Doctoral dissertation, 2007. Abstract References Historical NoteReferences Historical Note Logical Consequence Excursion to UA Special Cons. Ops Equivalence Modules Cons. in Modules Equiv. in Modules Fundamental Property Consequence relations C. Tsinakis slide #4 Historical Note The history of these algebras can be traced back to the work of Augustus De Morgan and Charles S. Peirce. It was De Morgan (1847-1864) who started formalising the logic of binary relations as a generalisation of Aristotle's syllogistic logic. Moreover, he invented relational composition and relational converse. Peirce (1866-1883) gave the first algebraic treatment of the algebra of relations interacting with sets.


The generator has a rotor containing a ball bearing axle, and steel balls between a bearing shaft and the rotor. The bearing shaft is provided with supports at the ends, and a coil is wrapped on the outer side of the rotor, where the coil is connected with a collector on the shaft. The collector decreases the electrical current through a carbon brush, and permanent magnets are provided to rotate the rotor and generate electric power.


to their husbands. Too often the modern offence is read back into the ancient text, thus making the classical authors responsible for modern oppressions. The work under review is not an apology for the author of the Ephesian epistle. It is a careful investigation of the controversial text that goes far beyond an exclusive literal reading. Only at the very end does the author enter into the modern controversy over sexual domination. Rather he seeks to show that the passage needs to be understood in the light of Paul's language and reflection about Adam, Christ and the New Creation, as well as in the context of the teaching of the rest of Ephesians. It is an almost overwhelmingly detailed study of the grammatical structure of these and related texts and the theological significance of it all. But the study is well organized, and the reader is led step by step through the argument. Very useful for the student of Scripture (and for the reviewer!) are the conclusions at the end of each chapter as well as the hermeneutical reflection at the end.


The invention relates to a prestressed steel strand unbounded tendon rope threading machine. The prestressed steel strand unbounded tendon rope threading machine comprises tire groups, a transmission part, a motor, a variable-frequency control box, a guide device and an installation frame; the tire groups are divided into n groups, wherein n is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 6; the transmission part comprises a gear set, a chain wheel group formed by chain wheels and a chain, a rotating shaft and a reducer of the rotating shaft; tires of the tire groups are respectively installed on an installation frame upper frame and an installation frame undercarriage; under a working state, motor drives the tires which are respectively installed on the installation frame upper frame and the installation frame undercarriage to rotate relative to each other by virtue of the transmission of the reducer and the gear and the chain wheel, a single unbounded steel strand passes through a slit between two relatively rotating tires installed on the installation frame upper frame and the installation frame undercarriage in a squeezing manner by virtue of the guide device, the single unbounded steel strand is pushed by the two relatively rotating tires to move forwards by virtue of squeezing friction force, and a rope threading process of the steel strand from a bridge deck to a rope tower and then to the bridge deck can be realized; the rope threading machine can greatly alleviate the labor intensity of operators and improve the rope suspension construction efficiency.


Although developing economies are more volatile, firms in developed countries hold more cash and less debt. We show that despite greater aggregate and industry stability, the performance and balance sheets of individual firms in developed countries are more volatile. In developing countries, market imperfections insulate incumbent firms from competitive risk. Cross-country differences in firm rivalry and cash flow risk are greater in technology-intensive, external-finance-dependent, and large-firm-dominated industries where we expect greater market imperfections. Firms in developed countries are more sensitive to shocks. Most of the adjustments come from cash balance. We propose product market competition as a new channel in which market imperfections can drive the international difference in financial policies. JEL Classification: G15, G31, G32


E-commerce has substantially affected the business world in the recent, and its importance is expected to continue increasing in future. Since implementing B2B e-commerce in small and medium enterp...


Background: Training with resistance is considered the essential and complementary part of players' preparation period during training season through developing different aspects. Objective : This study aims to investigate the Effect of Kinetic resistance training and technique on special power level and effective kinematic variables in instep kick for soccer juniors. Methodology : 20 junior soccer players (age: 17.54 ±0.5 years, body mass: 69.05 kg, height: 170 cm, training age=7.7 years) participated in this study were randomly assigned into two groups experimental (n=10) trained with kinetic resistance training program and technique and control (n=10) trained with traditional soccer training program only where, the experimental approach was used. Results : The kinetic resistance trainings and technique positively affected the special power level, kicking accuracy and time and effective kinematic variables in instep kick. Conclusion : The researcher recommended that coaches should give attention to special strength developing and to be an essential part of the training program through kinetic resistance trainings and technique. Also coaches should depend on the kinematic variables affecting performance for detecting the improvement level in performance as a result of kinetic resistance trainings and technique.  Keywords : kinetic resistance, technique, special strength, kinematic, Instep Kick


Eight tetranortriterpenoids (1–8) and two sesquiterpenoids (9 and 10) including two new compounds, cineracipadesin G (1) and 1β-hydroperoxy-6α-hydroxy-eudesm-4(15)-ene (9), were isolated from the EtOAc extract of branches of Cipadessa cinerascens. The structures of two new compounds were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR and MS spectroscopic analyses. The anti-feedant activity of two tetranortriterpenoids (1 and 7) was tested and obvious anti-feedant effects were detected.


The current trend of globalization of economies, innovation acceleration and the growth of electronic business processes is a great challenge to organizations and policymakers to discover better ways of being competitive and to provide customers with value-added services. This study focuses on Nigerian companies' dichotomy to resist and use electronic invoicing. Quantitative methodology was used, and the study pulls in $(\boldsymbol{n}=216)$ responses across different business sectors in Nigeria. The study adopts structural equation modelling technique in three steps. The study conducts a confirmatory factor analysis, two partial least squares structural equation modelling and tests the e-invoicing structural relationship through a bootstrapping. The analysis conducted reveals performance risk, financial risk as the resistance factors to use e-invoicing in a developing country such as Nigeria. Performance risk and financial risk also predict anxiety to use e-invoicing. Interestingly, the second model gives insight that perceived value intermediate between effort expectancy, performance expectancy and intention to use e-invoicing while social influence is a direct linkage with an intention to use e-invoicing. These findings fill a gap in the existing literature of information systems with a framework of innovation resistance and use intention. The study also illuminates the e-invoicing practitioners and gives future direction.


This paper selects the financial data of 30 listed companies of steel trade of our country,calculates and gets the comprehensive appraisal value with four kinds of appraisal methods.After passing the test of Normal Distribution of the appraising value and the same variance.The result of the One-Way ANOVA test indicates that there are remarkable differences between the appraisal methods.On this basis,we use the mechanism of MMSE and the conduction of stock price to select the method excel- lently,and get the orders of four kinds of appraisal methods synthetically.


This study is a quantitative research conducted with the purpose to know and prove the influence of the work environment, collaborative culture, and job satisfaction on turnover intention. The study object is the employees of PT Graha Megatama Indonesia. In this study, data were collected by distributing questionnaires via google form to 37 employees. The sampling method used in this research was a saturated sample technique, which consisted of 37 employees. The analysis in this study uses SmartPLS 3.0. The results indicate that: 1) the work environment has a negative and significant effect on turnover intention; 2) collaborative culture has a negative and significant effect on turnover intention; 3) job satisfaction has a significant negative effect on turnover intention; 4) work environment, collaborative culture, and job satisfaction simultaneously have a significant effect on turnover intention.


Education informatization has become a significant symbol of educational modernization. Over the past 20 years, China has made remarkable achievements in the development of information technology infrastructure, resources, and personnel training. Despite the initial success on the education informatization management, China is still facing many challenges in primary and secondary schools' education informatization: ineffective digital educational resource sharing mechanism (lack of public information technology service platform), insufficient quality education resources (i.e., campus network infrastructure and teachers' information technology capabilities), poorly integrated education informationalized system management (i.e., slow deployment and limited functionality), insufficient information capabilities training for the teacher, imbalanced development in regional education informatization (i.e., funding shortage in rural areas), and lack of sustainable development policies. Thus, how to resolve these challenges and to prepare primary and secondary schools for the 21st century classroom has become an urgent issue in reaching China's ambitious goal of 100% network connection. By examining the current status of education informationalized development in three different economic areas in China, this chapter collects, complies, compares, and evaluates the application and development of regional education informatization including information technology hardware, informational network, information capabilities, and education informatization development funds in primary and secondary schools. Recommendations are The Development and Application of Regional Education Informatization in China Mingzhang Zuo Central China Normal University, China Sisi Liu Central China Normal University, China Ziyun Zhao Central China Normal University, China DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-4538-7.ch018


Purpose - In general, large companies have larger organizations, funds, and systems to provide more effective and efficient services in the market....


Background and context: Breast cancer is a common type of cancer among women worldwide, with about 2 million new cases diagnosed in the yearly. It is the second common cancer and leading cause of cancer mortality among women in Tanzania, after cervical cancer. More than 70% of breast cancer patients in developed countries are diagnosed at early stages, whereas in low and middle-income countries, only 20%–60% of patients are diagnosed early. Physician in developed countries consults on average 15-20 breast cancer patients daily, while in developing countries the number triples. This high load does not allow a treating physician to spend ample time with patients explaining hence leaving patients not informed about their diagnosis, side effects of treatments and even living with the physical, emotional and psychological challenges of their disease. Residents at the Ocean Road Cancer Institute (ORCI), initiated a patient support group targeting breast cancer patients for feasibility. Aim: Provide forum for patients with same diagnosis to share common challenges Provide peer emotional, psychosocial support and cancer education Organize activities that will help to spread awareness to the community Initiate projects to improve socioeconomic status of breast cancer survivors in Tanzania Strategy/Tactics: Involved the ORCI administration from the beginning Involved the academic and research unit of ORCI Residents prepared session curriculum and teaching materials Sessions took place once a month Sessions were two hours long divided into three components, where the first is introduction of participants, then survivors led discussions or lectures prepared by an expert in the topic and lastly closing remarks by a physician Breakfast was provided Program/Policy process: Open membership for all breast cancer patients Physician lead face to face peer discussions Institutional acknowledgment of the support group Provision of primary registry of patients for follow-up Provision of a link to other social organizations Outcomes: Increase knowledge of cancer in general and breast cancer in particular A total of seven sessions were held to date For each session, participation ranged from 30-50 breast cancer survivors, and on average attendance was 4 sessions out of 7 Topics covered over a period of seven months included Coping with a cancer diagnosis and treatment Living with cancer and its changes to daily life Exercise Nutrition Breast cancer general knowledge Collaboration with other stake holders including IST secondary school students who initiated breast prosthesis knitting club What was learned: A need to reach out and give psycho-social support to ORCI patients Through education we can improve treatment adherence Possible partners are available if we reach out Exist a need to address misconceptions in the community so as to avoid stigma to patients.


【This study was carried out to elucidate the toxic mechanism of cadmium in peripheral nerve. An animal model of cadmium neuropathy was induced by feeding diet containing cadmium to Sprague- Dawley rat (or two weeks. Four weeks aged Sprague- Dawley rats were divided into four groups : normal control group, 10ppm- cadmium treated group, 100ppm- cadmium treated group, 1000ppm- cadmium treated group, reference drug- treated group. All rats were sacrificed at the end of two weeks for assessing the development of cadmium neuropathy, These results obtained were summarized as follows : 1. Cadmium reduced peripheral flow of both acetylcholinesterase and cholinesterase in rat sciatic nerve. 2. The toxic mechanism of cadmium might be the result of an reduction of myo-inositol concentration in peripheral nervous system 3. Reduction in myo-inositol content of peripheral nerve resulted from the inhibition of sodium- Potassium ATPase activity, which is responsible for myo-inositol transport, by cadmium 4. Oral administration of myo-inositol improved the flow of both acetylcholinesterase and cholinesterasenerve in cadmium intoxicated rat. These results suggest that mild cadmium neuropathy might be diagnosed by checking nervous myo-inositol content and oral administraion of myo-inositol might prevent the development of severe cadmium neuropathy with special reference to detective axonal transport.】


An automated vehicle logging system is introduced in this paper. The system utilizes character recognition through images captured from the entrance of a parking area. These images are processed to extract the licensed plates of any vehicle entering the parking area. Extracted plates images are then converted into numerical forms devised by researchers to fit the requirements of the artificial neural network. From the numbered plate, each character is then extracted to produce their distinct features. Character recognition engine is primarily implemented using feed forward neural networks. There are 50 input neurons which are defined by resizing each character into 25×25 pixel image and summing all the pixel values in each row and each columns resulting to 50 sums. After which a numerical value will be produce and will signify a character equivalent. Characters are recognized separately. This process is done until all of the characters are recognized. Afterwards, these characters are then concatenated to produce the plate number identity. The system is trained using 5860 sets of training data yielding a system with 0.0001645724% error.


In Chongqing, soil pH of approximately 80% of tea garden soils was found to fall in the category "unsuitable to teat growth". In various pH ranges, soil acidification manifested distinct characteristic features. When soil pH dropped to 4.5, the buffering capacity of the soil to the process of acidification weakened significantly and exchangeable base Ca~(+2) desaturation decreased together with soil pH. When soil pH ranged from 4.5 to 5.0, the buffering capacity increased markedly, and the correlation between base desaturation and the changes in soil pH was non-significant. When soil pH was higher than 5.0, the bases Ca~(+2) and Mg~(+2) and base saturation increased with soil pH.


Objective:To study the methods of PCR ELISA in testing the RNA of platelet activating factor receptor.Methods:Extracting the total RNA of 20 normal people and 20 psoriasis patients,the PAF R and β actin RNA assayed by RT PCR,PAF R sense labelled by Biotin and antisense labelled by Digoxin,β actin sense labelled by Biotin and antisense labelled by fluorescein.The results of PCR were tested by ELISA and Agar gel electrophoresisa.Results:The positive number of PAF R RNA was 16 by Agar gel electrophoresis and 18 by PCR ELISA in 20 normal people;The positive number of PAF R RNA was 18 by Agar gel electrophoresisa and 20 by PCR ELISA in 20 Psoriasis patients;The positive number of β actin was 20 in two groups with two methods.Conclusion:The sense and antisense labelled by different substance in PCR ELISA has high sensitivity and the course was simple in testing the PAF R RNA.


Ghost imaging (GI) is thought of as a promising imaging method in many areas. However, the main drawback of GI is the huge measurement data and low signal-to-noise ratio. In this paper, we propose a novel mask-based denoising scheme to improve the reconstruction quality of GI. We first design a mask through the maximum between-class variance (OTSU) method and construct the measurement matrix with speckle patterns. Then, the correlated noise in GI can be effectively suppressed by employing the mask. From the simulation and experimental results, we can conclude that our method has the ability to improve the imaging quality compared with traditional GI method.


We report on the use of electron-beam exposed monolayers of undecylenic acid in the etch rate enhancement of silicon dioxide films in HF vapor for the formation of nanoscale features in the oxide. Variations of the etching characteristics with electron beam parameters are examined and the results analyzed in terms of proposed models of the etching mechanism. Apparent variations in the relative concentrations of etch initiator with the thermal history of the samples prior to etching provides support for the dominant etch initiator within this system as the carboxylic acid moiety bound at the oxide surface. Other variations in the etching characteristics are discussed in terms of differences in localized concentrations of hydrocarbon crosslinks and the effect that this has upon the etch initiation. The process has been employed in the production of features in silicon dioxide surface masks with sizes down to 50 nm.


Background and Objective To compare the incidence of febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) and bacterial identification between patients with orthotopic neobladder (ONB) and ileal conduit (IC). Materials and Methods Data of 164 patients who underwent radical cystectomy with ONB and IC for bladder cancer between January 2009 and January 2018 at our institution were analyzed. Febrile UTI observed was listed and subsequently compared. Incidence of febrile UTI, clinicopathological characteristics, and microorganisms identified were reported at 3 months interval; and preoperative predictors of febrile UTI were evaluated with Cox regression analysis. Patients were divided into ONB and IC. Results The study cohort included 52 patients with ONB and 112 patients with IC. Febrile UTI was diagnosed in 49 (29.9%) patients. Compared to IC group, ONB group had significantly higher incidence of young age (p=0.00), lower cancer stage (p=0.013), longer hospital stay (p=0.049), longer operation time (p=0.00), and higher incidence of febrile UTI within the first 3 months after surgery (p=0.006). On univariable and multivariable analysis, factors associated with significantly increased febrile UTI risk were diabetes (odds ratio [OR]: 4.52; p=0.002) and ONB diversion (OR: 1.27; p=0.031). Forty-four (89.8%) patients were culture positive. However, significant difference in microorganisms was not detected between patients who underwent ONB or IC diversion. Febrile urinary tract infection after radical cystectomy e39 J Mens Health Vol 16(3):e38–e46; August 27, 2020 This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International License. ©2020 Seungsoo Lee et al. Conclusion Diabetes and ONB diversion were associated with higher risk symptomatic UTI following radical cystectomy.


This report describes the environmental surveillance program conducted by Los Alamos National Laboratory during 1991. Routine monitoring for radiation and for radioactive and chemical materials is conducted on the Laboratory site as well as in the surrounding region. Monitoring results are used to determine compliance with appropriate standards and to permit early identification of potentially undesirable trends. Results and interpretation of data for 1991 cover external penetrating radiation; quantities of airborne emissions and effluents; concentrations of chemicals and radionuclides in ambient air, surface waters and groundwaters, municipal water supply, soils and sediments, and foodstuffs; and environmental compliance. Comparisons with appropriate standards, regulations, and background levels provide the basis for concluding that environmental effects from Laboratory operations are small and do not pose a threat to the public, Laboratory employees, or the environment.


In view of the problems which exist in the C2C e-commerce environment using trust evaluation model,a trust evaluation model of C2C e-commerce is proposed based on success rate of transaction,and multiple aspects of the model are expatiated,such as framework of model,calculate trust data,algorithm,the store of the user trust data,simulation and so on.Through the simulation experiment,the trust model is compared with the Taobao's trust model about assessment accuracy rate and transaction success rate.


Surveillance cameras are being used pervasively in many areas like schools, public places, hospitals, corporates and even in homes in such a way that efficient methods for image/video analysis for processing the data have become a necessity. Various image/video analysis methods can be applied for human identification. But we are unsure of the facial position or angle at which the machine can identify an individual with maximum accuracy and precision. As highly social animals, humans can easily identify each other. They easily recognize each other by face perception. Face Perception is the individual's understanding and interpretation of faces as a result of associated information processing in the brain. But machines work differently from human perception. They may identify human more accurately from another position or angle rather than the front face. This Paper aims to find the relative facial positions or angles at which we could identify individuals with maximum probability by creating a dataset of facial images of different individuals captured at different angles and perform image processing and machine learning on the dataset. We would like to classify the sets of facial positions which can be used for effective human identification and the remaining angles can be ruled out. Then apply this information to position surveillance cameras at different places so that the probability of human identification can be increased. Also, we would also like to identify camera positions that are least effective in identifying humans so that these positions can be avoided while fitting camera.


Welfare workers are influenced by several factors, such as good wages and role of trade unions.Workers so do the rallies to fight them welfare. This study aims to identify and explain the effect of wages and the role of trade unions on the welfare of workers. the effect of rallies on welfare. Object of this research PT Sai Apparel Industries which all workers are members of the National Labor Union. This type of research is explanatory research. The technique of collecting data using interviews, questionnaires and observation. The conclusion from this study is that wages and role of trade unions effect on workers welfare. Based on the conclusion that the company needs to increase the amount of compensation in the form of allowances. Unions need to enhance the role to be the center of information for workers. Besides, the government should review the minimum wage policy is based on the necessities of life for single workers.


As a reference for the book republished,we checked and corrected the errors in the punctuated text of Biographical Sketch of Past Sages and Scholars in Qing Dynasty published by Yuelu Press,including punctuations,characters and historical facts.


The next generation wireless communication system requires a higher standard in order to provide the customers with high quality of services they demanded. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is an attractive modulation method and is a strong candidate for the modulation technique of future wireless systems which can be implemented easily. In this paper an effort is made to analyze how well an OFDM system will perform when transmitted over an Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel in terms of Bit Error Rate (BER), it has also been observed that pulse shaping the channels present in an OFDM system promises to improve the overall performance of the system in terms of the BER of the received signals, different window function like Rectangular, Blackman, Gaussian, Hamming, Hanning and Kaiser and some of the self modified pulse shapes have been used to study the BER performance due to any one of the pulse shapes.


Overweight and obesity have been identified as risk factors for severe COVID‐19; however, prospective cohort studies investigating the association between overweight early in life and severity of COVID‐19 are lacking.


A new concept has been developed that allows temperature to be part of the virtual world. The Displaced Temperature Sensing System (DTSS) can 'display' temperature in a virtual reality system.The DTSS can also serve as a feedback device for telerobotics. For virtual reality applications the virtual world software would be required to have a temperature map of its world. By whatever means (magnetic tracker, ultrasound tracker, etc.) the hand and fingers, which have been instrumented with thermodes, would be tracked. The temperature associated with the current position would be transmitted to the DRSS via a serial data link. The DTSS would provide that temperature to the fingers. For telerobotic operation the function of the DTSS is to transmit a temperature from a remote location to the fingers where the temperature can be felt.


The Mallory-Weiss syndrome is responsible for 5% to 10% of cases of gastrointestinal hemorrhage. The diagnosis is suspected clinically and documented by endoscopy or at surgery. Except in one reported instance, roentgenographic studies uniformly have been negative. In two cases of severe, deep emetogenic lacerations of the distal esophagus, the lesions were sufficiently large to be detected on barium swallow. The lesions also were seen at endoscopy and confirmed surgically in both cases.


A new method based on geography knowledge and growth information of vegetation was described in this paper to extract burned areas from Guangxi province between year 2006 to 2010 using time-series MOderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Terra 16-day composite 250 m Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) products (MOD13Q1). The aim of this work was to explore a method which can be used in the production of burned area mapping in large scale. The algorithm results were compared with those produced by Maximum Likelihood (ML) method extracting from Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery for a site of Guangxi province. The performance of each of these methods was evaluated by comparison with the sub-class, coded 24, of forest in the National Land Use Data (NLUD) of year 2010. Analyzing the area of burned fields extracted by both methods, it was discovered that ML method with a severe over extraction and the new method more reasonable. It could be concluded that it was feasible to extract burned areas from time-series MODIS NDVI based on knowledge and this method was potential to be applied in the production of burned area mapping for large scale.


Traditional kinematic baseline resolution usually needs one or more fixed reference station. In some special application, the reference stations could be in motion. In order to determine kinematic baselines in scenarios of moving reference stations and rovers, a KINRTK model is studied by using a baseline length constraint with three antenna configuration. The baseline and integer resolution method are given. A KINRTK experiment is done, using the data collected on ship enroute, the resolved baselines lengths are compared with the predetermined baselines, which show that the KINREK models baseline length errors are within 5cm, which can verify the effectiveness and accuracy of the model proposed and ambiguity resolution method.


Two different large-scale industrial structures that were destroyed by fires in 2011 and 2012 in Turkey were examined. The structural framework in the first structure was constructed as prefabricated concrete, while a prefabricated concrete–steel (hybrid) was the structural framework in the second. The post-fire performance of the structures was evaluated according to the structural system properties of the buildings and tests on concrete core and steel reinforcement samples obtained from the structures. Since the fire durations of the two buildings examined were slightly different, in addition to the structural framework differences, material test results were comparatively interpreted for the two structures. The concrete used in the building exposed to the longer fire duration suffered a substantial loss in mechanical properties, the concrete cover in the reinforced concrete elements failed completely, and there was a significant loss in the yield strength of the steel reinforcement. In the second struc...


There have been few prospective, multicenter studies investigating the natural history of type 1 diabetes (T1D) from the time of diagnosis. The objective of this report from the Pediatric Diabetes Consortium (PDC) T1D New Onset (NeOn) study was to assess the natural history and clinical outcomes in children during the first year after diagnosis of T1D.


Cibubur Village Development Apartment is one government project that was launched for Jakarta people tower under construction in 1000. This project is located at Radar AURI No. 4, Cibubur, East Jakarta. Based on the planning, this apartment will be created as many as five towers, where construction of the main structure began in June 2009 until August 2009. Cibubur Village Apartment stood on the land area of 6844 m2 with spacious ground floor building footprint 4307.189 m2. Cibubur Village Apartment consists of 3 towers 21 floors and two towers 16 floors and has a contract value of USD 8.8 billion, -. The main ingredient of Cibubur Village Apartment building structure is concrete, so as to produce good concrete will require formwork (formwork) is good too. Therefore, although the construction formwork is temporary but a very important role. In this report the author discusses the process of formwork is done by contractors Cibubur Village Apartment. In addition the authors also calculate the structural analysis of construction formwork to be constructed and used in the field. Thus we will get a nominal power output of formwork with dimensions that are there to support the weight of casting. From the results obtained analysis apparently accepted that the burden of casting could be held entirely by the formwork with a deflection not to exceed the allowable limit.


Growing evidence indicates that non‐coding repetitive elements (RE) may play an important role in aging. For example, recent studies have shown that age‐related RE transcript accumulation may cause pro‐inflammatory signaling and be detrimental to cardiometabolic health. However, RE are often ignored in transcriptome studies on aging. Moreover, their role in well‐known healthy aging interventions has not been comprehensively characterized, and the link between RE transcript accumulation and lifespan is unknown. To investigate this, we have analyzed RE transcript expression in multiple RNA‐seq datasets on aging, and in transcriptome data on mice subjected to several of the most robust and well‐studied lifespan increasing interventions, including: calorie restriction (CR), acarbose, Rapamycin, Protandim, and 17‐□ estradiol. We find that aging is associated with a general accumulation of RE transcripts in multiple tissues, but that CR significantly reduces the expression of >60% of RE transcripts in the liver and brain (p<0.05 vs. controls). We also observe that RE transcript levels are modulated significantly by Rapamycin, acarbose, and Protandim. Overlap analyses indicate that certain RE transcripts are affected by multiple interventions, suggesting that these RE may play a particularly important role in aging and healthy aging interventions, and we are investigating correlations among these RE transcripts and transcriptome signatures of adverse aging processes including inflammation. Collectively, our results suggest that the accumulation of RE transcripts may play an important role in aging and represent a novel target for increasing lifespan.


As global Internet of Things (IoT) devices connectivity surges, a significant portion gravitates towards the Edge of Things (EoT) network. This shift prompts businesses to deploy infrastructure closer to end-users, enhancing accessibility. However, the growing EoT network expands the attack surface, necessitating robust and proactive security measures. Traditional solutions fall short against dynamic EoT threats, highlighting the need for proactive and intelligent systems. We introduce a digital twin-empowered smart attack detection system for 6G EoT networks. Leveraging digital twin and edge computing, it monitors and simulates physical assets in real time, enhancing security. An online learning module in the proposed system optimizes the network performance. Our system excels in proactive threat detection, ensuring 6G EoT network security. The performance evaluations demonstrate its effectiveness, robustness, and adaptability using real datasets.


This paper presents the spatial characterization of Ar-N2 plasma induced by a helical cavity excited at 27 MHz and moderated pressure (400 Pa). The axial profiles of densities and gas temperature are determined through the emissions of the first positive (1 + ) and second positive (2 + ) systems of N2. Additionally, in case of pure argon plasma, the OH(A 2 Σ + →X 2 Π) emission system coming from impurities is investigated. Rotational and vibrational temperatures profiles of the OH(A 2 Σ + ) species are deduced by comparison of simulated and measured spectra. Investigation of 2 + and OH(A 2 Σ + →X 2 Π) emission systems shows the effect of excitation transfer between the impurities and Ar metastable atoms. The gas temperature values determined from 1 + emissions led to flat profile, which contrasts with hollow density profiles of the corresponding emitters, whatever the gas mixture considered here.


The Pauli algebra P, in which the usual dot and cross products of 3-space vectors are combined in an associative, invertible, but non-commutative multiplication, provides a simple but powerful approach to problems in special relativity. Even though the Pauli algebra is the Clifford algebra for Euclidean 3-space, Minkowski 4-vectors and their products in the Minkowski metric appear in a natural and covariant way as elements of P. The authors review the algebra and develop a formulation which, although closely tied to elementary vector and functional analysis, nevertheless allows a compact coordinate-free treatment of essentially all problems in special relativity. They derive a number of useful results and show how the elements are related both to traditional Minkowski-space tensors and to elements of the Dirac algebra.


Anti-vaccine attitudes against COVID-19 are a common phenomenon, but rarely understood as a medical problem. In patients who are already under psychiatric treatment, it is worth paying attention to diagnosis and starting of psychotherapy of this problem. The association of the anti-vaccine issue with anxiety, obsession and paranoia is an opportunity to achieve solution and may lead to the progress of psychotherapy. The problem with the right choice of authority seems to be one of most important challenges for psychiatry these days.


We read with interest the study by Zinzani et al. [1] that was published recently in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. Their study included patients with advanced-stage Hodgkin lymphoma who underwent interim fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG)-PET after two cycles of ABVD (PET2), of whom 409 acquired negative and 103 acquired positive PET2 status. Patients with a negative PET2 continued standard treatment with four more cycles of ABVD, whereas patients with a positive PET2 were assigned to four courses of IGEV, followed by another F-FDG-PET scan. If the latter patients achieved an F-FDG-PET-based complete response, then they underwent BEAM with autologous stem cell transplantation, whereas those with a positive post-IGEV F-FDG-PET scan underwent high-dose melphalanconditioned autologous bone marrow transplantation, followed by reduced-intensity allogeneic bone marrow transplantation; conversely, those lacking a human leukocyte antigen-matched donor received high-dose melphalan autologous bone marrow transplantation, followed by a BEAM-conditioned treatment. According to the intention-to-treat analysis, the 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 76% for PET2-positive patients (irrespective of the salvage treatment they received) and 81% for PET2-negative patients. Zinzani et al. [1] concluded that patients with advanced-stage Hodgkin lymphoma with positive PET2 results benefit from early treatment intensification.


, 56ra80 (2010); 2  Sci Transl Med , et al. Ashley A. Scott-Van Zeeland CNTNAP2 with Variation in the Autism Risk Gene Altered Functional Connectivity in Frontal Lobe Circuits Is Associated http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/2/56/56ra80.full.html can be found at: and other services, including high-resolution figures, A complete electronic version of this article http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/suppl/2010/11/01/2.56.56ra80.DC1.html can be found in the online version of this article at: Supplementary Material http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/2/56/56ra80.full.html#ref-list-1 , 12 of which can be accessed free: cites 39 articles This article http://www.sciencemag.org/about/permissions.dtl in whole or in part can be found at: article permission to reproduce this of this article or about obtaining reprints Information about obtaining


Red algae seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii) is a very important commodity to be developed because it has a high selling price and production. The purpose of this study is to determine the cultivation of red algae seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii) in Jerowaru District, East Lombok Regency, analyze the feasibility of red algae seaweed cultivation business (Eucheuma cottonii) in Jerowaru District, East Lombok Regency, find out the obstacles faced in conducting red algae seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii) cultivation business in Jerowaru District, East Lombok Regency. The method used is the descriptive method. Data collection was carried out by survey techniques. Determination of the research area is carried out by purposive sampling or deliberately. The determination of the number of respondents was carried out by the Slovin method, which was 42 respondents. The collection of respondents was carried out using the Proportional Random Sampling method. The results showed that (1) the average profit obtained is IDR 19,532,149.98 per arable land area or IDR 23,902,980.75 per hectare during one harvest season; (2) the cultivation of red algae seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii) in Jerowaru District is feasible; (3) obstacles faced by farmers in red algae seaweed cultivation business (Eucheuma cottonii) in Jerowaru District, namely lack of capital, lack of labor, pest attacks, diseases, weeds, and erratic weather. It is recommended for farmers to cultivate red algae seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii) in Jerowaru District to increase productivity and be able to overcome the obstacles faced by participating in seaweed cultivation training activities held by related agencies.


A numerical simulation study on natural ventilation of two connected chambers in connection with an ambient environment is presented in the paper. Extending a model of single-room displacement ventilation, this study addresses a space consisting of two chambers connected by one opening at the low level of the shared wall. A thermal load is placed only in one chamber, referred as a forced chamber, and the other chamber, unforced chamber, has no heat load. The space is connected to the outside ambient environment to have displacement ventilation in both chambers. The numerical simulation study of the flow pattern in this geometrical arrangement is presented. This study focuses on different schemes of connecting openings to the ambient environment in the unforced chamber and discusses their effects on natural ventilation in the space. The study shows that the opening areas in the forced and the unforced chamber affect the effective opening area in the space and modify the air change rate in the space. The important parameters, such as the position of the opening, determining air change rate in the space are discussed to understand thermal comfort designs in the built environment.


towards money are often irrational. They also involve strong and significant emotions, meanings and strivings. Wilson used qualitative research strategies. This involved focus group discussions for three different income groups: high, medium and low. In each income group, there was one focus group of women and one of men. Further, Wilson conducted workshops with some 'wealthy women' in two Australian states. She has also drawn upon ethnographic data from everyday life: 'conversations at dinner parties or overheard on trams, radio and television programs, magazines and novels' (p. xv). The author draws upon a range of theoretical sources, including psychology, sociology and anthropology. She draws most heavily upon psychoanalytic theory in order


A two-dimensional unsteady heat transfer model of pavement of geothermal road snow-melting system (GRSS) with solar energy storage is established and numerical simulation is carried out based on annual hourly meteorological data and boundary conditions. Simulated results show that ground surface temperature and heating flux decrease with the increase of buried depth, but increase with the increase of fluid temperature in winter. Heat-extracted amount and efficiency drop with the increase of fluid temperature in summer.Compared with ambient temperature, solar radiation has more direct influence on the heat-extracted flux of pipe walls of GRSS in summer. The relationships among maximum and idling snow-melting load, the rate of snowfall, ambient temperature and wind speed are made clear, which provides necessary references for the design and optimization of a practical road snow-melting system.


Effects of the 1-3 leptonic mixing on the solar neutrino observables are studied and the signatures of non-zero θ13 are identified. For this we have re-derived the formula for 3νsurvival probability including all relevant corrections and constructed contours of constant values of observables in the sin θ12 − sin θ13 plane. Analysis of the solar neutrino data gives sin θ13 = 0.02 +0.05 −0.02 (1σ) for ∆m 2 = 8 · 10−5 eV2. The combination of the ratio CC/NC at SNO and gallium production rate selects sin θ13 = 0.034 ± 0.26 (1σ). The global fit of all oscillation data leads to the best value sin θ13 = 0.004. The sensitivity of future solar neutrino studies to sin θ13 can be improved down to 0.01 0.02 (1σ) by precise measurements of the pp-neutrino flux and the CC/NC ratio as well as spectrum distortion at high (E > 5 MeV) energies. We show that combination of experimental results sensitive to the low and high energy parts of the solar neutrino spectrum resolves the degeneracy of angles θ13 and θ12. Comparison of sin 2 θ13 as well as sin 2 θ12 measured in the solar neutrinos and in the reactor/accelerator experiments may reveal new effects which can not be seen otherwise.


The average adult can concentrate for only about eight to ten minutes during an hour-long lecture. Thus, students' ability to absorb information may be seriously impeded if we college professors talk nonstop. One alternative to the traditional "chalk and talk" instructional method is problem-based learning (PBL) - an instructional approach using real world problems as a format for students to acquire critical thinking, problem solving and group interaction skills. We describe how we transformed a two-course sequence in research methods into a problem-based-learning format. Student-reported benefits of the PBL approach include the need for higher-order thinking, improved group interaction skills, relevance of course material to real world situations, higher motivation and an overall higher level of class enjoyment.


Experimentally, heparin inhibits mechanisms that promote fibrosis, neointimal cellular proliferation, and thombin bound to fibrin at the surface of intraluminal thrombus, but only in relatively high concentrations. A preliminary hypothesis was tested and confirmed in vitro that initial binding of 3H‐heparin to mechanically injured porcine aorta is concentration‐dependent over a 1,000–50,000 units/ml range (r = 0.9). The hypothesis was then tested in vitro that thermal exposure during contact of heparin to arterial tissue and to clot would enhance binding of the drug. 3H‐heparin binding to clot, whole blood particulates, and washed erythrocytes was markedly enhanced by exposure to temperatures > 70°C. Thermal exposure (80°C × 40 s) also enhanced tissue persistence of the drug within porcine aorta subjected to a shear rate of 1,100−1in an annular Baumgartner chamber perfused with normal saline at 37°C for 48 h. Heparin in vitro anticoagulant activity persisted after thermal exposure and binding to tissues.


In this paper, an alternative lattice Boltzmann (LB) model for incompressible flows is proposed. By modifying directly the moments of the equilibrium distribution function (EDF), the continuous expression of the EDF in tensor Hermite polynomials is derived using the moment expansion and then discretized with the discrete velocity vectors of the D2Q9 lattice. The present model as well as its counterpart, the incompressible LB model proposed by Guo, reproduces the incompressible Navier-Stokes (N-S) equations for both steady and unsteady flows. Besides, an alternative pressure formula, which represents the pressure as the diagonal part of the stress tensor, is adopted in the present model. Furthermore, in order to enhance the stability of the present LB model, an additional relaxation time pertaining to the non-hydrodynamic mode is added to the BGK collision operator. The present LB model is validated by two benchmark tests: the cavity flow with different Reynolds number (Re) and the flow past an impulsively started cylinder at Re=40 and 550. PACS: 47.10.ab, 47.11.-j, 02.60.Cb


The Turbulence in incompressible fluid is represented as a Field Theory in 3 dimensions. There is no time involved, so this is intended to describe stationary limit of the Hopf functional.
The basic fields are Clebsch variables defined modulo gauge transformations (symplectomorphisms).
Explicit formulas for gauge invariant Clebsch measure in space of Generalized Beltrami Flow compatible with steady energy flow are presented.
We introduce a concept of Clebsch confinement related to unbroken gauge invariance and study Clebsch instantons: singular vorticity sheets with nontrivial helicity. This is realization of the "Instantons and intermittency" program we started back in the 90ties \cite{FKLM}.
These singular solutions are involved in enhancing infinitesimal random forces at remote boundary leading to critical phenomena.
The resulting exponential distribution for PDF of velocity circulation $\Gamma$ fits the numerical simulations \cite{IBS20} including pre-exponential factor $1/\sqrt{\Gamma}$.
We revised and extended the investigation of the master equation for a flat loop, which led to the same predictions for PDF but with different intermediate solutions, correcting some errors of the previous papers \cite{M20a,M20b}.


This study was conducted to assess the prognostic significance of adjunctive radiation in the surgical management of rectal carcinoma patients with tumor fixation.


As Wellington's population grows, and increased pressure is applied on the housing sector, it is important to question to what extent housing developments explicitly consider the wellbeing of residents.
This research aims to investigate the positive effects of wellbeing from integration of urban housing and social community space to facilitate wellbeing and provide insights into how this can allow social inclusion and cohesion, to promote community-based living as a possible solution to the growing housing crisis.
This thesis explores design and spatial organisation methods that understand socially inclusive practices to develop interventions that meet users' wellbeing needs. It rethinks multiple architectural processes through the perspective of wellbeing-based theory approaches. The work begins with identifying existing wellbeing principles, approaches and thinking. This learning is applied through speculative design exploration which investigates how spaces in the urban context can be used to create socially integrated dwelling and social spaces.
This research is relevant to all interested in developing urban housing, especially if focusing on building communities. It adds to the body of work on architecture and its effect on people's wellbeing, from the individual to the community level, and opens avenues to exploring how integrated urban space can be used to create healthier cities.
The outcome of this thesis is to provide alternative approaches to applying existing evidence-based wellbeing research to inform robust design solutions.


A new genus (Kaurimyia thorpei gen. et sp. nov.) of the enigmatic fly family Apsilocephalidae (Asiloidea) is described from New Zealand. Kaurimyia thorpei gen. et sp. nov. is described and figured from male and female specimens, one of which was collected in Kauri forest near Auckland (North Island). While superficially similar to Apsilocephala Krober, this new genus shows closer affinities to Clesthentia White (=Clesthentiella Nagatomi, Saigusa, Nagatomi et Lyneborg syn. nov.) from Tasmania based on genitalic characters such as aedeagus shape and non-articulated surstyli. Apsilocephalidae is presently known from just a few extant species in North America and Tasmania (Australia), although extinct species are recorded from the Holarctic and Oriental regions. This is the first description of the family from New Zealand.


Duality is a well-established concept in quantum physics. It formalises the fact that what one observes is not nature in itself, but—in Heisenberg's words—"nature exposed to our method of questioning". In the context of image analysis "question" pertains to some task while "nature" (empirical facts and natural laws) could be taken as the totality of image data supplemented with relevant external factors (knowledge or hypotheses). However, the analogy with quantum physics falls short in at least one fundamental aspect. Whereas the physicist studies nature for nature's sake, endeavouring to reveal natural laws, the image scientist pursues a certain task. This implies a shift of paradigm from the retrospect to the prospect. It will be argued that this leads to a subtle but important difference in the role duality plays in image processing and analysis as compared to the technically similar "bracket" formalism in quantum physics. Duality in the context of image processing and analysis will be explained in detail and its use will be illustrated in a number of cases. It lies at the core of any low-level definition of a local sample, generalising the notion of a digital picture element. It also provides operational definitions of partial derivatives and Lie derivatives. A duality principle known as "carry-along" allows us to connect isolated samples into ensembles endowed with the kind of topology one usually attributes to space, time, and spacetime. In this way one is led to corresponding definitions for images, signals, and video sequences. The flexibility of duality as a generic framework for image processing and analysis is illustrated by further examples in the context of off-line and real-time processing, notably causal filtering and motion analysis ..


Query optimization is a key point of distributed database (DDB) system, while optimization of join queries is especially important considering it's been widely used. In this paper, we discuss common optimization method of join queries within DDB system, and then give an intensive description of join optimization based on pre-test technology we applied, we make final analyses and conclusions of this paper at last.


Digital tachometer is a basic electronic instrument for measurement of angular velocity, otherwise measures the speed of a rotating shaft, as in an engine or other machine. Motor rotational speed is linearly connected to angular speed and there is no difference between them from aspect of the instrument realization. Both analog and digital instruments are used for the measurement of the angular speed. The advantage of the analog instruments lies in continuity of the analog information on their outputs. However, it is not convenient for further (digital) processing. Digital tachometer has discrete output equivalent to the angular speed, which may be appear as a disadvantage. However, considering the development of the microcomputer technology, resolution is significantly improved so that the above mentioned disadvantage can be neglected. The simplicity of the output information processing and simpler system design make the digital tachometers superior to analog. An incremental encoderplastic or metal disc with determined number of markers on its edge is the most frequently used transducer for digital method measurements [1, 2]. Encoder′s markers combined with optocouplers produce pulses during encoder′s rotation which define the rotational speed. Counting and reciprocal measurement methods [3], as classical digital measurement methods, aren't suitable for low and high rotational speed, respectively. Combined methods are developed in order to overcome these problems, such as method of the constant elapsed time (CET), and method of adaptive optimization [4, 5]. The goal of this paper is to analyze the real advantages of these methods, particularly the CET method. The concrete realization based on this method will be shown and analyzed, as well as the experimental results of the developed digital tachometer. In addition to that, the possibility to modify this method in order to eliminate the possible rough errors is pointed out. Microcomputer system enables the connection of this instrument with a personal computer, which makes the tachometer an intelligent measurement module. Classical measurement methods


Growing demands for the voltage-driven spintronic applications with ultralow-power consumption have led to new interest in exploring the voltage-induced magnetization switching in ferromagnetic metals. In this study, we observed a large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy change in Au(001)/ultrathin Fe80Co20(001)/MgO(001)/polyimide/indium tin oxide (ITO) junctions, and succeeded in realizing a clear switching of magnetic easy axis between in-plane and perpendicular directions. Furthermore, employing a perpendicularly magnetized film, voltage-induced magnetization switching in the perpendicular direction under the assistance of magnetic fields was demonstrated. These pioneering results may open a new window of electric-field controlled spintronics devices.