This paper aims to analyze effort to improve learners' oral communication skills through storytelling learning method with variation in learner learning facilities. The research method used is Quasi Experiment. Data collection techniques used are check list and questionnaires. While the data analysis techniques used Two Way ANOVA test to analyze factorial design. The results showed: (1) there are influence of storytelling learning method to learners' oral communication skills; (2) there are influence of complete learning facilities, less complete and incomplete to learners' oral communication skills; (3) there is interaction between storytelling learning method, and learning facilities to learners' oral communication skills. Keywords—learners' oral communication skills; storytelling learning method; learning facilities


Electronic medical record is a hospital information system facility that contains patient social and medical data to facilitate patient data documentation, improve health services, and access patient data. Medical records can be used to predict length of stay and estimated costs during treatment, so that patients can choose the desired treatment. The method for predicting length of stay uses the Random Forest Classification and Classification and Regression Trees (CART) algorithm which describes the relationship between the dependent and independent variables by producing a binary tree as a decision in the prediction. The model is built by changing the variables into multiclass and binary classes and using hold out split data and cross validation to measure model performance. Each model is compared and the model with the highest accuracy is selected as the best model. The highest model accuracy in the Random Forest Classification is 61.70% and the CART algorithm is 63%. The CART algorithm is the best model for predicting length of stay in this study because it produces the highest accuracy of 63%. Based on the prediction of length of stay, the estimated total cost of hospitalization can be calculated by considering the cost of drugs and inpatient rooms.


In this paper, we consider $n$-type Markov branching processes with immigration and resurrection. The uniqueness criteria are first established. Then, a new method is found and the explicit expression of extinction probability is successfully obtained in the absorption case, the mean extinction time is also given. The recurrence and ergodicity criteria are given if the state ${\bf 0}$ is not absorptive. Finally, if the resurrection rates are same as the immigration rates, the branching property and decay property are discussed in detail, it is shown that the process is a superimposition of a $n$-type branching process and an immigration. The exact value of the decay parameter $\lambda_Z$ is given for the irreducible class ${\bf Z}_+^n$. Moreover, the corresponding $\lambda_Z$-invariant measures/vectors and quasi-distributions are presented.


A projector-backprojector pair has been developed that models attenuation and the spatially variant collimator and scatter response functions in a uniformly attenuating object for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The scatter response function (SRF) is modeled using a scheme based on the scatter responses of point sources in a large slab phantom. This scheme, slab derived scatter estimation, allows efficient and accurate modeling of the asymmetric and spatially variant properties of the scatter response during the projection and backprojection operations. The scatter model is verified by comparison of scatter line source response functions, scatter/primary ratios, and projection data from extended source distributions obtained using this method and direct Monte Carlo simulations. Combined with iterative reconstruction techniques, this projector-backprojector provides a practical and accurate means for scatter compensation in SPECT. Preliminary results of combining this projector-backprojector with the maximum-likelihood-expectation-maximization algorithm show a significant increase in quantitative accuracy as compared to compensation for only attenuation and the spatially variant collimator response function. >


The indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) technique for specific IgM anti-Candida albicans was applied to 158 sera and compared with sucrose density gradient centrifugation. For detection of specific IgM results of both methods were in agreement for 157 sera (99.36%). Specific IgM titers determined with IFA on unfractionated sera followed those found on fractionated sera. The results show that specific IgM anti-C. albicans can be identified and titrated by the immunofluorescent technique.


transistor curve (or the VTC of the inverters) are again AbstractIn this paper, an experimental characterization of measured and the data saved. If the sequence is not finished Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) effects on a single the stress time is exponentially increased and the stress is again pMOSFET and CMOS inverter is done. The characterization has applied. If the stress-measurement is finished the data are been performed for static and dynamic stresses with frequencies ranging from DC to GHz. The results show that NBTI produces analysed and the threshold voltage shift (AVT )is obtained. a threshold voltage shift (AVT) on pMOSFETs, which is --------------------frequency independent. For DC stress, this AVT is double than in DUT: the AC case. In a CMOS inverter, NBTI produces a voltage inverter transfer curve shift which is expected theoretically. As AVT, in a DUT 2V single pMOSFET, the voltage transfer curve shift in a CMOS pMOSFET inverter is frequency independent and almost double for DC stress in comparison to the AC case. AC Stress 2V Internallexternal


Mass diffusivity is one of the physical properties that characterizes the migration of bound moisture in porous media in general and in wood in particular. Its control is essential to understand and to simulate the drying process as well as impregnation phenomena or moisture transfers through building walls. In this study, a fast and reliable method for the determination of mass diffusivity by electrical measurements in transient state has been developed. This method consists in three complementary steps: experimentation, analysis of experimental data thanks to a coupled heat and mass transfer numerical code (TransPore) and minimization of the difference between the experimental data and the simulated ones. The experimentation is based on measurements of the electrical resistance of wood sample in transient state. A megohmmeter associated to a multiplexer allows measurements on several samples at the same time. The code TransPore computes the electrical resistance of each sample thanks to the moisture content field. That has been simulated from the real experimental conditions. The Simplex algorithm minimizes the gap between experimental and theoretical results by fitting the significant parameters such as mass diffusivity. The method ability was established by comparison with the very widely used weighting technique for mass diffusivity determination. The efficiency of this new method allows us to characterize the wood diffusivity of six tropical species and six temperate ones. However, the weighting technique has been preferred to characterize the mass diffusivity of heat treated wood and shows that the mass diffusion coefficient of natural wood was reduced by at least 60% after heat treatment.


Most e-commerce applications are implemented without any significant means of built-in performance measuring mechanisms, although responsiveness is a major factor for high revenue. Often, overall response times increase without the administrators even noticing. It is therefore crucial to have a precise measuring system that also reports customer behavioral patterns. We created a customizable e-commerce log file analyzer that measures performance mainly through combining a mix of log file data with e-shop information. It is capable of supporting multiple e-shops and can perform cross comparisons between them. It is easy to use and the software is extendable in order to support different web server architectures. It displays patterns taken by the user interaction with the e-shop and allows the administrators to locate less visited pages and make improvements or promote them better. This way an e-shop may benefit since it may lead to higher user satisfaction and profitability. The administrator can regularly study the readings and take the appropriate actions, if overall performance decay is observed.


Objective
To evaluate the risk factors for neonatal jaundice, and provide the reference for clinic.

Methods
Four hundred and sixty-two children of neonatal jaundice from January 2010 to December 2014 were selected as the study group, the 500 cases of healthy children were selected as the normal control group. The children were recorded including information related to cases and parameters, χ2 tests and multivariate logistic regression analysis identified independent risk factors for newborn jaundice.

Results
The children's gender, body weight, bovine colostrum, asphyxia, maternal age, maternal occupation and maternal occupationin of the two groups were significantly different(P 0.05). The Logistic regression analysis of related variables results showed that male (OR=2.59, 95%CI=2.13-8.63, P=0.033), weight(OR=4.92, 95%CI=2.55-17.92, P=0.004), asphyxia at birth (OR=7.13, 95%CI=1.62-7.81, P=0.041), maternal age (OR=1.82, 95%CI=1.87-13.49, P=0.021) and maternal occupational type (OR=5.99, 95%CI=1.91-9.80, P=0.014) was the independent risk factor for neonatal jaundice.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that male, birth weight, birth asphyxia, maternal age and maternal occupational types are independent risk factors for neonatal jaundice.

Key words:
Newborn; Jaundice; Risk factors


There are 2 modes in DC-DC buck converter in terms of inductor current, CCM/DCM mode. In this paper, by using LT3411 controller from Linear Technology, we designed DC-DC buck converter. We predict EMI problem between both modes by using power spectrum analysis.


Abstract.  Fieldwork and current research projects in Central and South America on the Gesneriaceae have shown that nomenclatural and taxonomic changes are needed. The Ecuadorian endemic species Columnea albovinosa (M. Freiberg) J. L. Clark & L. E. Skog is transferred from Dalbergaria Tussac. The name Pentadenia lutea M. Freiberg is synonymized with C. angustata (Wiehler) L. E. Skog. Amalophyllon ecuadoranum (Wiehler) J. L. Clark, comb. nov., is recognized as a species distinct from A. divaricatum (Poepp.) Boggan, L. E. Skog & Roalson. The application of the name C. serrata (Klotzsch ex Oerst.) Hanst. is stabilized by the designation of a neotype. The new name Drymonia ovatifolia J. L. Clark is made for the species Nautilocalyx dressleri Wiehler. Resia bracteata, a name originally published without a Latin diagnosis, is here validly published as R. bracteata J. L. Clark & L. E. Skog. Resumen.  El trabajo de campo en Gesneriaceae realizado en Centro y Sur América, ha evidenciado la necesidad de realizar algunos cambios taxonómicos y nomenclaturales. Columnea albovinosa (M. Freiberg) J. L. Clark & L. E. Skog, especie endémica de Ecuador, se transfiere de Dalbergaria Tussac. Pentadenia lutea M. Freiberg es sinonimizada con C. angustata (Wiehler) L. E. Skog. Se reconoce a Amalophyllon ecuadoranum (Wiehler) J. L. Clark, comb. nov., como una especie diferente de A. divaricatum (Poepp.) Boggan, L. E. Skog & Roalson. Para preservar la estabilidad de la especie se designa un neotipo para C. serrata (Klotzsch ex Oerst.) Hanst. Se crea un nuevo nombre, Drymonia ovatifolia J. L. Clark, para la especie Nautilocalyx dressleri Wiehler. La especie Resia bracteata, originalmente publicada sin la diagnosis en latín, es válidamente publicada como R. bracteata J. L. Clark & L. E. Skog.


Sir, Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive tumour of serosal membranes, most commonly the pleura, caused by inhalation of asbestos fibres. Histological diagnosis can be problematic as biopsies are often small or orientation suboptimal, making it difficult to assess invasion. Immunohistochemical markers are of limited use for the diagnosis of sarcomatoid mesothelioma or to distinguish benign from malignant mesothelial proliferations. A diagnosis of mesothelioma often carries medicolegal implications, as many patients seek compensation. Therefore, difficult cases are commonly referred for 'expert' opinion. Our study sought to ascertain how often assessment by an 'expert' differed significantly from the original diagnosis and could potentially change the outcome for the patient. A total of 275 cases was retrieved from the files of the Department of Anatomical Pathology at Flinders Medical Centre for the 6 year period 2005–2010. Of these, the referring laboratories' documentation providing the original diagnosis was available for 262 cases (Table 1). Limited follow-up was provided on approximately 80% of referral cases. The referring pathologists diagnosed 136 samples as MM. 'Expert' opinion agreed with that diagnosis in 117 cases, but for nine (7%) of these cases a benign diagnosis was rendered by the 'expert' with a further two cases diagnosed as other tumours


Objective:To compare the contents of the main active components in Guanxin Ⅱ Decoctions(GX-Ⅱ) which were decocted with different ways.Methods:The five ingredients in the formula were decocted in 8 modes,ie,decocting singlely,decocting two in 4 different combinations,and decocting all ingredients together.The contents of the active components in different decoctions were determined by HPLC methods.Results:The predominant ingredient,Danshen Root,in this formula was decocted with other four ingredients(Szechwan Lovage Rhizoma,Safflower,Red,Peony Root and Rose Wood) respectively.The extract rates of salvianolic acid B in the above four decoctions were higher than that of Danshen Root decoction.And the extract rates of salvianolic acid B was the highest in the decoction that five ingredients in this formula were decocted together.The extract rates of paeoniflorin in decoctions were similar with that of salvianolic acid B.But the rates of ferulic acid and hydroxymethyl safflower yellow A were contrary to that of the other two active components.When Szechwan Lovage Rhizome or Rosewood was decocted with other,ingredients,the extract rates of feralic acid and hydroxy-methyl safflower yellow were low.Conclusions: The contents of the active components in the decoction(Ⅰ) which was decocted with all ingredients together were not equal to that of mixed decoctions(Ⅱ) which were decocted with each ingredient separately.The results of pharmacological tests showed that the effects of the decoction(Ⅰ) were better than that of the mixed decoctions(Ⅱ).


Through a reformulation of the local limit theorem and law of small numbers, which is obtained by working in the spaces naturally associated to the limiting distributions, we discover a general and abstract framework for the investigation of that type of limit theorems. From this new perspective, the convolution and scaling operators utilized in the classical results mentioned before will be identified with the Wick product and second quantization operators, respectively. And here is the advantage of our approach: definitions and most of the properties of Wick products and second quantization operators do not depend (mutatis mutandis) on the underlying probability measure. Then, with the help of H¨ inequalities for Gaussian and Poisson Wick products proved in previous papers, we show the L 1 convergence of the densities towards the desired limit. We remark that our approach extends without additional assumptions to infinite dimensional Gaussian spaces.


Through the Cultural Studies perspective, this article analyzes why interdisciplinarity is needed in contemporary society as an imperative and, at the same time, as a challenge. The interdisciplinary approach is a requirement due to the aggravated effects that digital media has led in Latin American nations' identity construction processes and, at the same time, it is a problem as the contemporary theoretical frustrations have not realized how to organize and explain the new diversity. This dichotomy it is not a question of method or didactic, though it manifests with greater emphasis at this level, but fundamentally it is a structural issue, inherited by the traditional model of science that accustomed researchers to build their study objects alone. In this context, the analysis is done within literature and in the path to the qualitative research approach.


Acetone–toluene extracts of Cladonia cristatella inhibited the growth of fungi known to form ectomycorrhizal associations with trees commonly found on bituminous strip-mine spoils in western Pennsylvania. Growth of Pisolithus tinctorius and Suillus luteus was completely inhibited by C. cristatella extracts over a 30-d bioassay period. Thelephora terrestris was dead after 17 d. The growth of Cenococcum graniforme was unaffected by lichen extracts. D-Usnic acid, a major secondary compound of the C. cristatella extract, was found to inhibit the growth of P. tinctorius. This inhibition, however, did not account for the total inhibition of P. tinctorius demonstrated by the gross acetone–toluene extract. Other secondary compounds, and potential allelopathic substances, present in the extract were barbatic acid, didymic acid, condidymic acid, subdidymic acid, fumarprotocetraric acid, squamatic acid, and rhodocladonic acid.


The concept and basic theory of information niche provides a new perspective for the organization and management of information service provider.Based on the analysis of the basic theory of information service provider and information services departments' information niche,this paper investigates the department setting,resource allocation and space layout in the department of information service provider through the principle of information function niche,information resource niche and information time space niche.Then this paper provides some suggestions of how to optimize the department setting,resource allocation and space layout in information service provider.


Expression microarrays provide a platform for the investigation of thousands of genes simultaneously. There are various methods which aim to identify differentially expressed significant gene list over a microarray experiment [1]. Many of those analyses focus in pairwise comparison of the selected subset data of the experiment rather than considering the entire data. The aim of this study is to extract gene expression patterns with computational clustering techniques using not only a subset but the entire experimental microarray dataset. Therefore we applied a hybrid computational method to identify expression patterns on an affymetrix microarray dataset containing 54000 probe sets of 6 different cell fates with 3 replicates for each stage. The raw probe data were normalized by RMA pre-processing method. Subsequently K-means clustering algorithm [2] was applied to explore a group of genes which were in similar behavior at each experimental cell fate. We set the total number of clusters to 100 in K-means algorithm. In order to identify significant clusters, the variance in cell fates for each cluster was computed and the most variant 13 clusters were selected as candidate sets. Among 13 candidate clusters, we selected an expressing pattern cluster; called as promising cluster which seemed biologically significant based the experimental design. The promising cluster then was used as the profile to train a hidden Markov model (HMM) [3]. Before training of HMM, outlier genes were removed according to their mean and standard deviations. In other words, the expression value of a gene should be in a valid range higher or lower than the standard deviation, otherwise that gene is removed from promising cluster. Our HMM comprised of 6 states and each state generates one of the 3 observation symbols: up regulated, down regulated and no-change. HMM was trained with Baum-Welch method by using expression value of 83 genes in the promising cluster. In order to explore genes that showed expression patterns similar to that of promising cluster profile, we tested all genes in the data set over the trained HMM. The genes which gave higher probability in HMM test process were labeled as significant. There were 620 significant genes. We have observed that the profiles of these significant genes were very similar to that of the profile of the promising cluster. Therefore, our hybrid method could achieve to identify a group of genes sharing a similar expression pattern.


[Objective]To investigate the effect of fluvastatin on the concentration of plasma neutrophil elastase(NE)in patients with ACS.[Methods]Ninety-one subjects were divided into four groups:(1)acute myocardial infarction group(AMI,n=45);(2)unstable angina pectoris group(UAP,n=18);(3)stable angina pectoris group(SAP,n=13);(4)old myocardial infarction group(OMI,n=15).The AMI and UAP group were combined to ACS group(group A);The SAP and OMI group were combined to coronary artery stable group(group B).The concentration of plasma NE was detected by ELISA method before and at one-week,one-month and one-year after taking 40 mg fluvastatin each night.The incidence of angina and other cardiovascular events were also observed during the period.[Results]There was statistic difference in the baseline value of plasma NE between group A and group B(H=34.503,P﹤0.000 1).The concentration of plasma NE in group A showed statistic difference in different time(χ2 = 13.537,P﹤ 0.05),while no difference was found in group B(χ2 = 2.523,P﹥0.05).The incidence of angina and other cardiovascular events were low,signifcant difference between the two group was not found during one-year treatment with fluvastatin(P﹥0.05).[Conclusion]The fluvastatin can decrease the concentration of plasma NE in patients with ACS,and reduce the incidence of angina and other cardiovascular events.


Lennox's original files of twins with seizures from 1934 through 1958 were reviewed, and the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) classifications of seizures and epileptic syndromes were applied to 143 (71 monozygous [MZ], 72 dizygous [72]) twin pairs, in a study at the University of Melbourne, Australia; the Montreal Neurological Institute, Canada; Harvard Medical School, and Beth Israel Medical Center, Boston, USA.


The Hough transform is applied to successfully detecting moving point targets in an image sequence. The behaviour and performance of the Hough transform are listed. Three realizable algorithms are provided. The complexity of the computations and noise performance are discussed. The computational simulation results are explained.<<ETX>>


The popularity of data warehouses for analysis of data has grown tremendously, but much of the creation of data warehouses is done manually. We propose and illustrate algorithms for automatic conceptual schema development and evaluation. Our creation algorithm uses an enterprise schema of an operational database as a starting point for source-driven data warehouse schema design. Candidate conceptual schemas are created using the ME/R model, extended to note where additional user input can be used to further refine a schema. Our evaluation algorithm follows a user-driven requirements approach that utilizes queries to guide selection of candidate schemas most likely to meet user needs. In addition, we propose a guideline of manual steps to refine a conceptual schema to suit additional user needs, for example, the level of detail needed for date fields. The algorithms are illustrated using the TPC-H Benchmark schema and queries. Our algorithms provide a foundation for a software tool to create and evaluate data warehouse conceptual schemas.


The stress-strain relations of a cemented sensitive clay are studied experimentally by loading soil samples along different effective stress paths under axisymmetric and plane strain conditions. Th...


e width of the magnetic gap, m; Cp specific heat with constant pressure, J/Kg C°; h coefficient of heat transfer by convection, w/m 2 C°; K kinetic energy turbulent; L lenght of rotor, m; V axial speed of fluid, m/s; w angular velocity, rd/s; Nu Nusselt Number; Pr Prandtl Number; Ta Taylor Number; (Ta)m Taylor Number modified; re interior radius of stator, m; ri exterior radius of rotor, m; λ thermal conductivity, w/mC°; ν kinematic viscosity, m 2 /s


A problem of pursuit-evasion with two pursuers and one evader is studied. The formulation of the problem was suggested in [1, 2]. In that work, some cases were solved by analytic methods. This paper deals with the problem by means of numerical construction of solvability sets. Some cases are considered where application of analytic approaches can be very difficult. 1. Formulation of the problem. The game is in the plane. At the initial instant, which is assumed to be zero, one evader (E) heads two pursuers (P1 and P2), Fig. 1. The case is the most interesting when the evader is between the pursuers. Figure 1: The initial positions of the pursuers and the evader A model problem of this kind can appear when two aircrafts intercepts another one in a horizontal plane. We assume that closing velocities are quite large and control accelerations affect lateral velocity components only. Thus, one can suppose that instants of passages of the evader by each of the pursuers are fixed. Denote them by Tf1 and Tf2, the termination instants in the individual games of the first and second pursuers, respectively, against the evader. Below, we consider both the cases of equal and different termination instants. The players' controls define the lateral deviations y1 and y2 at the termination instants. In the relative linearized system, the dynamics is the following (see [1, 2]): ÿ1 = −aP1 + aE, ÿ2 = −aP2 + aE, ȧP1 = (AP1u1 − aP1)/lP1, ȧP2 = (AP2u2 − aP2)/lP2, ȧE = (AEv − aE)/lE. (1) Here, y1 and y2 are the lateral deviation of the first and second pursuers from the evader; aP1, aP2, aE are the current lateral accelerations of the pursuers and evader; u1, u2, v are the players' This work is supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project nos. 09-01-00436 and 1001-96006) and by the Program "Mathematical control theory" of the Presidium of the RAS.


Children's early experiences shape who they are and affect their lifelong health and learning. They thrive in stable and nurturing environments where they have a routine and know what to expect. Yet research shows that a large num-ber of children face instability. Although instability has been a longstanding issue for some families, its increased prevalence during the Great Recession has heightened awareness of the issue. Instability—and the family stress that comes with it—can have deep and lasting impacts on children's physical, emotional, and cognitive development. The recession's ef-fects, which are still being felt, have put even more children in jeopardy, increasing the importance of understanding what it means for children to experience extreme instability and how to mitigate some of instability's toxic effects. This fact sheet and the paper on which it is based summarize the existing literature on the effects of instability on child devel-opment.


How do you develop a game that is provably educational, that is engaging from pre-school to adult, and that independently targets different language ability and world experience/maturity?
 Our purpose is to teach students of German or English as a Second Language in the same way that a baby learns a First Language. Children acquire language automatically without overt teaching, without conjugating verbs, looking up dictionaries or taking complex classes in syntax and morphology. They acquire through being immersed in an environment in which they have to learn to communicate in the language in order to achieve a variety of social and personal goals.
 In this project we provide a mixed environment with real toys for the learner to play with, and a simulated environment and a simulated teacher/caregiver to interact with. Whilst young children may be happy building towers and bridges out of wooden blocks, older children and adults cannot be expected to find motivating goals from the same tasks as a baby tackles as s/he simultaneously learns about the world and his/her language, culture and society.
 This paper explores the methodology we are developing to independently control for degree of language knowledge and degree of world experience.


In this article a short story of research of consumer socialization in Russian and foreign economic psychology is presented. The main attention is given to interpretative schemes of conspicuous consumption, investigated in foreign scientific literature.


This paper describes the SCIT (Space Control and Inertial Technology Research Center of HIT) multi-vehicle control system, a platform for testing networked control methodologies of multiple vehicles coordination and formation, and image processing. The system is consisted of three subsystems: the console system, the vision system and the vehicle system. The console system mainly generates the control commands through the given command information and the state information sent by the vision system, and then sends them to the vehicles. The function of the vision system is to identify the vehicle ID and calculate the state information (including the orientation and the velocity) of the vehicles. The vehicle system is consisted of some sensors and wireless Ethernet for communication. The development of the system is introduced in this paper, and the obstacle avoidance algorithm when vehicles are running is provided


It seems that mRNAs are peripatetic molecules that roam from place to place in the cell. In a Perspective,
 Wickens and Goldstrohm
 provide us with coordinates of this remarkable journey and unveil a new particle where mRNAs die or escape the sound and the fury of the cytoplasm (Sheth and Parker).


Graduation is the last course of professional teching plan and it is an important method which tests the achievement of four-year teaching.Facing with talent competition and stress of employment,graduation teaching is partly impacted.In order to ensure the quality of graduation teaching and benefit the employment, the exploration and trial of teaching mode and management are made.


The Philippine linguistic and cultural phenomenon "cono talk" (a mix of predominantly Spanish and English with tagalog) is a type of discourse that purportedly identifies and differentiates people of 'power' from the common masses, and arose from the impact of Spanish and American colonization. This paper examines how web discussion forums embody these social tensions through ethnomethodological discourse analysis (Tate 2007) and Bhabha's (1990) third space to demonstrate the patent cultural hybridity in the Philippine society. Analysis demonstrates how participants as conyo speakers position themselves, and discusses the socio-cultural implications of these presentations. Results show participants instinctively and/or intentionally use this type of discourse and position themselves to construct or establish their own identities. Implications for cultural hybridity and the constraining, facilitating or subjectification effects of this type of discourse on Philippine society are discussed


Lasing characteristics of a diode-pumped injection seeded Tm,Ho:GdVO4 laser is presented in this letter. A Q-switched output energy of as much as 2 mJ at 20 Hz with a pulse width of 170 ns was obtained. Single-frequency, nearly transform-limited operation of the laser was achieved by injection seeded. The high power and high beam quality of this laser make it well suited for use as a coherent wind lidar transmitter on a space platform. To our knowledge, this work is the first time to investigate the injection-seeded in Tm,Ho:GdVO4 to achieve Q-switched single-longitudinal-mode output laser.


In this paper, a matrix equation method, a dimension-reduce then dimension-increase matrix method is proposed to model leverage structure and closed-loop structure of compliant mechanism, respectively. The accuracy of the methods is validated by finite-element analysis (EFA).


Microelectronic packaging is continuously becoming smaller and denser, thus allowing for more functionalities and smaller devices including portable products. Flip-chip among other technologies continues to enable such trends. In fact denser arrays such as copper pillars or micro bumps of various metallurgies seem to be the technology of choice for the near future electronic interconnect. A technique is reviewed for successfully underfilling a 3cm2 Indium Phosphide flip-chip die mounted on a silicon substrate with 5 microns gap and large number of I/O (about 0.3 million indium bumps) connected in daisy chains. The method that resulted in a void-free underfill consisted of line dispensing along one side of the die such that the flow of the capillary fluid was normal to the direction of the daisy chains. For dot-dispense, substrate surface treatment and more careful design of dispense sequence helped to reduce voids. This study was compared to a manual dot-dispense technique that was unable to meet producti...


A field experiment was conducted on sesame during pre-kharif season to study the effect of combined application of sulphur and biofertilizers on yield attributes of sesame ( Sesamum indicum L) and its quality. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replicants and thirteen treatments. Result of the study showed highest grain yield (8.13 q ha-1), stover yield (19.57 q ha-1), bilogical yield (27.55 q ha-1) and harvesting index (29.41) of sesame was registered where higher dose of sulphur along with combined application of PSB and Azotobacter viz. S @ 45 kg ha-1 + PSB + Azotobacter. The highest crude protein content and protein yield in seed of sesame (kg q-1) was recorded due to higher application of sulphur along with combined application of PSB and Azotobacter viz. S @ 45 kg ha-1 + PSB + Azotobacter. The study conclude higher yield and better quality of yield in sesame resulted from application of sulphur @ 45 kg ha-1 + PSB + Azotobacter which leads to overall profit to the farmers. Thus study recommended for integrated use of biofertilizers and chemical fertilizers in sesame cultivation in red and lateritic belt of West Bengal and other part of country where ever the soil of this kind is available.


Forest Concepts, with funding from USDA NIFA SBIR program, developed methods and equipment to reprocess low-value dirty forest chips, tree service chips, and hog fuel into high value clean wood fiber and other valuable fractions. Traditional clean sources of mill residuals (sawdust, shavings, and chips) are declining rapidly due to improved sawmilling efficiencies and a general decline in the number of sawmills in operation. Thus, competition for low-cost clean fiber is intense. A USDA NIFA SBIR supported beneficiation project sought to increase the clean fiber supply by tapping low grade, often inexpensive or negative cost raw materials. To validate the SBIR funded engineering science work, our engineers designed and built a set of demonstration-scale (one ton per hour) machines that can be mixed and matched to clean low grade woody biomass to meet nearly any ash or bark content specification. Results of validation tests demonstrate the performance of innovative methods for cleaning high-ash land clearing debris.


Abstract Rayleigh–Bénard convection (RBC) and Taylor–Couette flow (TCF) are two paradigmatic fluid dynamical systems frequently discussed together because of their many similarities despite their different geometries and forcing. Often these analogies require approximations, but in the limit of large radii where TCF becomes rotating plane Couette flow (RPC) exact relations can be established. When the flows are restricted to two spatial independent variables, there is an exact specification that maps the three velocity components in RPC to the two velocity components and one temperature field in RBC. Using this, we deduce several relations between both flows: (i) heat and angular momentum transport differ by $(1-R_{\Omega })$, explaining why angular momentum transport is not symmetric around $R_{\Omega }=1/2$ even though the relation between $Ra$, the Rayleigh number, and $R_{\Omega }$, a non-dimensional measure of the rotation, has this symmetry. This relationship leads to a predicted value of $R_{\Omega }$ that maximizes the angular momentum transport that agrees remarkably well with existing numerical simulations of the full three-dimensional system. (ii) One variable in both flows satisfies a maximum principle, i.e. the fields' extrema occur at the walls. Accordingly, backflow events in shear flow cannot occur in this quasi two-dimensional setting. (iii) For free-slip boundary conditions on the axial and radial velocity components, previous rigorous analysis for RBC implies that the azimuthal momentum transport in RPC is bounded from above by $Re_S^{5/6}$, where $Re_S$ is the shear Reynolds number, with a scaling exponent smaller than the anticipated $Re_S^1$.


This paper discusses RAS-method, which predicts the direct consumption coefficient matrix in the input-output model of the uncertain economic system. We define the grey direct consumption coefficient and give a model of grey input-output on uncertain economic system.


The purposes of this study were: (1) to develop a program based upon a combination of previously tested techniques, (2) to adapt these techniques for use by school personnel within the classroom situation, (3) to test this program upon an all-black, multi-age kindergarten and a first-grade classroom in an inner-city school, and (4) to evaluate the effectiveness of this program.


The proposed article deals with institutional instruments of regional innovation policy. The authors, putting forward a hypothesis about the existence of the influence of the level of sufficiency and completeness of institutional support on the effectiveness of the implementation of innovations, conduct research on the existing one. The research uses the approach of counter verification of the conclusions of desk analysis of documentary support of innovation processes in the regions and analysis of regular public statistics on their innovation sector, which is the basis for conclusions about the correlation of the innovation process and its normative reflection in the innovative sectors of regional economies. It is illustrated and justified that the state of institutional support of the innovation sector can be used as a marker of the quality of innovation transformation processes in the regional economy.


The invention discloses building main body construction special prevention scaffold. It is scaffold sealed and around the building outline. It is divided into many units along length direction. Each of the units is used tower crane to lift singly. And it includes frame body and truss. The frame body is single row, formed by steel tube and fastener, and paved with safety net. And its side closed to building is connected to truss. Its features are that the truss and the building have at least two tie points; and the lower-rise tie point can bear the whole frame body dead weight and load. The invention has the advantages of safe, reliable, simple operation, and low cost.


Aqueous extracts of leaves of 48 plants belonging to 33 different families of the plant kingdom were subjected to in vitro antibacterial activity assay against human pathogen Shigella boydii, Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei employing cup diffusion method. The selection of plants was based on traditional knowledge and random selection. The results revealed that aqueous extract of 10 plants (21%) exhibited antibacterial activity. Different solvent extracts viz., petroleum ether, benzene, chloroform, methanol and ethanol extracts of all the plants were also subjected to antibacterial activity. Among the different solvent extracts tested methanol extract of 13 plants (27%) revealed antibacterial activity and the spectrum of activity varied among the test pathogens. The minimal inhibitory concentration of aqueous extracts varied for the Shigella species tested. The present study demonstrates a collection of candidate plants with anti-Shigella activity, which could be further exploited for isolation and characterization of the active principle and management of diseases caused by species of Shigella.


This article presents techniques for generating permutations of 1. N that yield the worst case for several fast sorting algorithms. Specifically, we investigate an improved version of Quicksort, TreeSort, recursive and iterative versions of MergeSort, and HeapSort. In each case, a worst‐case permutation is developed. Such permutations are needed to analyze the worst‐case, run‐time behavior of these sorting algorithms. The results of comparing the worst‐case and average‐case performance are reported, and these results confirm the Big‐O analysis.


With over a year after the first coronavirus case reached Delhi, the total number of infections anddeaths has reached a sky-high mark. The response of the Delhi government involved the impositionof multiple lockdowns. This decision, though slowed down the positivity rate, had unprecedentedeffects on the dietary habits of young individuals in the city. Forced to stay at home due to thelockdown, these individuals engaged in unhealthy daily routines and dietary habits. With the closelink between diet and immunity it becomes imperative to collect data in this regard. The presentpaper records the dietary habits of individuals in the city using a web-based survey. The findings arepresented and analyzed graphically. It was observed that the lockdown harmed the dietary habits ofyoung individuals. A decrease in the level of exercise, water intake and increase in weight were themajor variables leading to this conclusion.


We have studied the forward I-V characteristics of In-pWSe2 Schottky barrier diode with 1000 A indium thickness in the temperature range 140 - 300 K well within the domain of thermionic emission theory with Gaussian distribution of barrier height. However we found some anomalies in the low temperature range below 200 K. Hence we have considered a model that incorporates thermionic emission, generation recombination and tunneling components. The low temperature anomalies observed in the diode parameters were effectively construed in terms of the contribution of these multiple charge transport mechanisms across the interface of the fabricated diodes. Various Schottky diode parameters were also extracted and compared with that of 500 A metal thickness In-pWSe2 diode.


Intellectual Property Protection or IPP is an act of protecting a digital product by embedding an author's signature into the object in the form of minute errors. This signature will be the proof of ownership. However, this technique cannot be directly applied to protect intellectual properties such as solutions to hard problems which must maintain the correct functionality. This paper proposes a constraint-based watermarking technique and lays out a theoretical framework to evaluate this type of technique. Based on this framework, we analyze previously proposed two watermarking techniques for the graph coloring problem because of its theoretical importance in complexity theory and numerous applications in real life. This newly proposed algorithm is the another way to protect graph coloring solution from an intruder by coloring a graph using Modified Genetic Algorithm. We used those colored partitions for the purpose of embedding signature into the graph, so that the developer of the solution can only unhide the signature message from the graph to claim his/her authorship.


Optimizing future designs of cryogenic storage and pressure control systems require a better understanding of the transport phenomena inside these storage tanks which can be gained by experimentation especially in reduced gravity environments. Unfortunately, previous experimental efforts in low gravity have often been characterized by large uncertainties in the experimental boundary or initial conditions making it difficult to use the data for numerical validation. To resolve some of these uncertainties, the Zero Boil-Off Tank (ZBOT) experiment is being designed for operation aboard space station. In the present paper, a numerical model is developed that more realistically accounts for the thermal coupling between the ZBOT test tank and its immediate surroundings. Results suggest that radiative heat transfer from the ZBOT test tank can be significant. A procedure for mitigating the undesirable effects of heat loss is also discussed.


Objective To evaluate the feasibility and security of acupuncture combined with epidural analgesia for labor and delivery. Methods Sixty-six primiparae were randomly divided into groupⅠ( n = 33) which exposed to acupuncture combined with epidural analgesia and group Ⅱ( n = 33) which exposed to single epidural analgesia. Visual analog scale( VAS),pressure of uterine cavity,interval and persistence time of uterine contractions was recorded at the end of the following time points:( T1) before analgesia,( T2) after 30 min of epidural analgesia,( T3) after 60 min of epidural analgesia,and( T4) uterine neck whole opened. Recorded measures were dose of anesthetic or oxytocin,time length of the second or third stage,mode of delivery,postpartum blood loss,neonate's Apgar scores at 1 min and 5 min and blood gas analysis of umbilical vein. Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in VAS,time length of the second or third stage,uterine contractions,neonate's Apgar scores at 1 min and 5 min and parturition outcome( P 0. 05). The total dose of local anesthetic was( 17. 45 ± 4. 83) mL in the groupⅠ and( 20. 18 ± 5. 34) mL in the groupⅡ( P 0. 05). The total dose of oxytocin was( 21. 69 ± 1. 44) U in the groupⅠand( 22. 93 ± 1. 76) U in the group Ⅱ( P 0. 01). Conclusion Acupuncture combined with epidural analgesia reduces the dosage of local anesthetic and oxytocin for labor and delivery with good security.


A deep study on the effects of drain control coefficient (αD) on the performance of Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor (CNTFET) has been conducted in this work. In this research, a new analytical CNTFET simulation along with a MATLAB multiple parameter approach model with 3D output has been employed to examine the device performance. It is found that- drain current, drain conductance and transconductance increase with high drain control coefficient causing the device to perform better. However, DIBL also increases with αD resulting in degraded performance of the device. In addition, subthreshold swing moves away from the ideal value as αD goes up which is also not desired for low threshold voltage and low-power operation of scaled down FETs.


A "pleasant" look back 70 years to relive an earlier, more leisurely journey to a professional conference in the days before jet planes.


The current study aims at sporting the light on the mixed research theories in the scientific research concerning the field of social science by considering it as a tool to reduce the gap between the qualitative and the quantitative research methods.Thus, by giving a definition to each and its tools. In addition to getting acquainted with the mixed research theories by addressing as a modal (one case mixed research methods, Convergent designs, explanatory sequence designs, exploratory sequential designs, and embedded designs), therefore, explaining some tools which make it a good one to reduce the gap between the qualitative and the quantitative research methods in the social scientific research


Under strong compaction and cementation, the clastic reservoir of Upper Paleozoic becomes very tight in south Ordos Basin, the correlation between log data and reservoir parameters could hardly be done. The research reveals that lithological character of reservoir has apparent controlling effect on porosity and permeability, by adding quantified lithological parameter into neural network as an input parameter. Cumulative productivity factor is used to define the permeability inferior boundary of effective reservoir, with the relation between permeability with porosity, which is used to sort reservoir into five categories. The distribution of reservoir parameters is predicted under domination of even porosity and permeability of each segment of the key wells.


Sleep bruxism (SB) is defined as a stereotypical jaw movement disorder, characterised by
grinding or clenching of teeth, occurring in a subject's otherwise normal sleep. This common
phenomenon should only be considered pathological when there are associated symptoms
including increased occlusal wear, tooth and prosthesis damage, tooth mobility, myofascial pain
or other temporomandibular disorders and sleep disturbance to the patient and/or their bedpartner.


This paper proposes two crosstalk-resistant three-channel adaptive noise cancellers (ANC's) for two independent noise sources. Signal distortion by a signal-to-reference crosstalk is reduced by the first ANC, while the second ANC cope with a long impulse response caused by a noise-to-reference crosstalk. Computer simulations show smaller signal distortion by almost 20dB for a signalto-reference crosstalk. Eight times faster convergence and 30% reduction of computational cost are achieved for a noise-to-reference crosstalk case.


This article asks what Nietzsche might tell us about the possibility and conditions of having knowledge of the legal other or 'the Other' in law. Although not a familiar formulation, this line of inquiry must be permitted to take shape because it goes directly to the most basic theoretical conundrum of comparative law. This conundrum lies well beyond the moribund debate over the purported 'commensurability' or 'incommensurability' of differing legal 'systems' or 'traditions'. Instead it takes comparative lawyers to task by asking them to explain how they might know, or hope to have knowledge of legal otherness. In this article, I will attempt to furnish a preliminary and wholly tentative answer to this conundrum by mapping Nietzsche's comparison of the Jewish and Christian legal interpretive traditions.


We report enhanced electrochemical detection of single water-in-oil emulsion droplets using the nano-impact method. To detect the emulsion droplets, the water molecules in the droplets were directly oxidized (i.e., water splitting) without additional electroactive species when the droplets collided with the ultramicroelectrode. The water molecules in the emulsion droplet cannot be directly electrolyzed in an organic solvent because the emulsifier does not require a hydrophobic electrolyte. To enhance the signal intensity, the electrochemistry of sub-microscale single droplets was investigated considering the charge neutrality and limiting reagent. Therefore, effective electrolysis of the droplets was achieved. Approximately 10% of water molecules in the droplet (55.6 M H2O) were oxidized based on calculations from the electrochemical peak analysis and DLS measurements.


Tideland resource is an important natural resource and also environmental resource and economic resource. To grasp accurately the present situation and dynamic changes of tideland resource,a three- dimensional management information system for tideland resource was developed based on the platforms of Super Map and Skyline. The system has functions of managing tide resources reclamation and reclamation projects,analyzing spatio-temporal changes of resource and tideland evolution. Application shows this system could provide information support for the sustainable utilization and decision support for the planning and exploitation of tideland resources.


OBJEctIVE: Autonomic nervous system dysfunction (ASD) has been widely observed in patients with type 2 diabetes. 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and heart rate measurements have been found to associate with ASD in patient with Type 2 diabetes. Since albumin excretion is also related with ASD in type 2 diabetes; in the current study, the relationships between daytime, nighttime and 24-hour heart rates with 24 hour urinary albumin excretion (UAE) and 24-hour urinary protein excretion (UPE) were analyzed in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. MAtErIAL and MEthOds: All patients underwent following procedures: history taking, physical examination, BP measurement, 12 lead electrocardiographic evaluations, routine urine analysis, biochemical analysis, 24-hour urine collection to measure UAE, UPE and creatinine clearance. 24-hour ABP and heart rate monitoring were performed for all patients. rEsuLts: In total 80 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes were included. Stepwise linear regression revealed that logarithmically converted 24-hour UAE were independently related with 24-hour ambulatory SBP, (P:0.001) and heart rate (night) (P<0.0001). Stepwise linear regression revealed that logarithmically converted 24-hour UPE were independently related with age (P:0.032), with averaged fasting blood glucose (P:0.023), with 24-hour ambulatory SBP, (P:0.002) and with heart rate (night) (P:0.001). cOncLusIOn: Nighttime heart rate, but not daytime and 24-hour heart rate was related with both 24-hour UAE and UPE in patients with Type 2 diabetes.


The paper proposed a method for determining the current ratio of coils that maximizes coil-to-coil power efficiency in a wireless power transfer system with a double-sided LCC topology. In the previous study, when the rated input power and rated load were determined, the input and output currents were determined in the double-sided LCC topology, but the currents of the coils could be freely determined. In this paper, the ratio of parallel capacitors on the transmitting and receiving sides was determined to minimize losses in the coils in the double-sided LCC topology, and through this, the ratio of the current of the transmitting coil to the current of the receiving coil was determined. The current ratio of the proposed coils was arranged through the formula analysis, and it was proved through simulation that the coil-to-coil efficiency of the wireless power transfer system designed through the proposed method has a maximum value.


Hypercalcemia in malignancy is associated with multiple mechanisms and occurs in up to 20–30% of cancer patients. We report a case of small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia (SLL/CLL) associated with hypercalcemia and an elevation in parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) in the setting of a Richter transformation. Real-time reverse transcriptase PCR on lymph node biopsy specimens obtained before and after transformation showed an 8-fold increase in PTHrP mRNA levels and about 2-fold decrease in the levels of its cognate receptor PTHR1. The findings of this case suggest that parathyroid hormone-related peptide might be useful in monitoring a specific group of patients with SLL/CLL who develop hypercalcemia during the course of their disease and could suggest an autocrine-like mechanism involving PTHrP in Richter transformation.


Seismometers are instruments for measuring the motion of the earth's surface with respect to an inertial frame. The spectrum of earth motion is discussed and the development of seismometers reviewed with emphasis on the types currently used. Improvements in displacement transducers have permitted the development of wide-band devices, employing a much smaller inertial mass than was previously thought possible, and sensitivities close to fundamental Brownian motion have been achieved. It is concluded that future developments in seismometry will involve miniature wide-band instruments employing negative feedback to maintain the position of the mass and ensure long-term stability. Strainmeters, in which the distance between two piers in the earth is compared with a standard length, are also reviewed and their future development thought to lie in tensioned-wire instruments, where large numbers are required for detailed short period studies, and in laser-interferometric instruments for the study of long-term strain.


With the rapid development of human society, risks are emerging in an endless stream. the uncertainties of social development are existent at anymoment, and the huge risk happened stochastically. This paper is based on the background of globalization, and to analyze the characteristics and reasons of the risk society,and gives some basic strategies. Facing the society risks under the background of globalization, China will mobilize all social forces and establish the fair and reasonable interest distribution and coordination mechanism.


This article provides estimates of short-term and medium-term exchange rate pass-through in Russia during 2000–12, using a vector error correction model. Estimates of the asymmetry of exchange rate pass-through in different subperiods and the effect of exchange rate volatility on its magnitude are also presented.


In this paper we use multiple-scattering simulations in conjunction with experimental Z-contrast images and electron-energy-loss spectra to obtain a detailed analysis of the effect of the intrinsic structure of edge, screw, and mixed dislocations on the local density of unoccupied states in GaN. In particular, we show that the multiple scattering method is especially useful for examining dislocation cores where the bonding is significantly different at each atomic site in the structure. Furthermore, the analysis of the nitrogen K edge from intrinsic dislocations in GaN, i.e., stoichiometric cores with no dopants or vacancies, shows that the changes in the local electronic structure can be attributed to a change in the symmetry of the structure that does not result in readily identifiable states in the band gap. As such, the electrical activity at dislocations that limits the lifetime and performance of GaN devices appears to be related to the segregation of dopants, impurities or vacancies.


Topological insulators (TIs) are a distinctive class of materials, which are insulating in the bulk but support topologically protected conducting surface states. Since their discovery, most work on these materials has focused on their electronic properties, whilst their interaction with electromagnetic fields has largely been untouched. In small topological insulator nanoparticles (TINPs) the dispersion relation of the topological surface states is no longer continuous but discretized. This system forms a type of topological quantum dot.

By studying the optical transition properties between the states of the topological quantum dot we explore their use as a lasing system. The optical properties of the particle can be tuned by varying particle size, light frequency, and light polarization, providing a toolbox for quantum optics and quantum information technologies.


Corbicula fluminea (C. fluminea) also known as Asian clam or "etak" is a ficshwater bivalve mollusc which is widely consumed by people in Kelantan as traditional snack. It is also called as "etak salai" in Kelantan, referring to the smoked "etak" processed or smoked on a bamboo bench. It is categorized as a filter feeder organism which is capable to accumulate bacteria and heavy metals from polluted river or water stream. So, it could be synthesized that "etak" was contaminated during handling and processing after smoking and it is believed that bacteria and heavy metals are still left behind in the "etak" tissue even though smoking process has occurred. The objective of this study is to determine the heavy metals and microbial contamination in smoked "etak". The methodology in this study involves sampling collection of smoked "etak". Sample preparations, determination of heavy metal by using Perkin Elmer PinAAcle 900F Atomic Absorption Spectrometer and analysis of microbial contamination (DNA quality and qtiantity checking) by using NanoDropTM spectrophotometer. The results showed heavy metals (Cr, Mn, Zn and Cu) concentrations (pg/g) in all of "etak" samples were safe and below the pennissible limits. For the bacteria analysis, the results showed that the smoked "etak" sample contains more bacteria than the fresh samples.


This article offers the edition of two columns of a so-called diagonal star table that are inscribed on a wooden batten (LACMA M80.202.500) that was once affixed to the underside of the lid of a Middle Kingdom coffin. The two columns follow the Kenmet table format, bringing the number of known artifacts preserving Kenmet tables up to eleven. The item is without provenance, but, like the other Kenmet tables, is likely from the site of Assiut and dates to the early Middle Kingdom.


We analyze wave-driven longshore sediment transport along the Curonian Spit, a narrow about 98 km long sandy peninsula at the south-eastern coast of the Baltic Sea. The bulk and net longshore sediment transport in existing and in a selection of future wave climates is calculated using the CERC formula for about 3 nautical miles long sections. The calculations are based on numerically simulated long-term time series of wave properties along the beach evaluated using adjusted geostrophic winds for 1970-2007. Changes to the wave climate are simulated by means of systematic rotation of the contemporary wave approach direction clockwise and counterclockwise. The spit is in an almost perfectly equilibrium shape under the existing wave climate. Systematic rotation of the wave approach direction leads to an almost linear increase in the net transport rate from its present almost zero value whereas the bulk transport rate would insignificantly change. A rotation by more than 10° results in complete disappearance of convergence points of sediment flow along the spit and apparently to substantial coastal damage.


Resources exploitation is an important side of the development of western part;the resources has three parts of the nature resources,human resources and information resources.Therefore,the resources exploitation in wesern part should be the synthetical exploitation of the three resources.


Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a family of enzymes that remove acetyl groups from histones and non-histone proteins, thereby modifying the structure of chromatin and regulating gene expression. HDACs have frequently been found to be upregulated in solid tumors and in hematological malignancies, leading to clinical trials of HDAC inhibitors for the treatment of various cancers. Oncogenic effects of HDACs are thought to be mediated by the epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressors. However, understanding of the specific gene targets of individual HDACs is lacking. In order to elucidate the function of HDAC1 in a cancer model, we have performed experiments comparing T cell leukemias in hdac1 haploinsufficient zebrafish with leukemias in their wild type siblings. For our initial studies, we tested whether loss of one allele of the hdac1 gene (haploinsufficiency) would reduce the oncogenic effects of c-Myc, a potent oncogene, and protect against leukemia. We generated T cell lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) in both hdac1+/- haploinsufficient and wild type zebrafish siblings by overexpressing murine c-Myc in T cells using a rag2 promoter. We then monitored the hdac1+/- and wild type fish for tumor incidence, latency, growth and overall survival. The tumor incidence rates and mean latencies were not significantly different for hdac1+/- and wild type tumors. However, we found significant differences in primary tumor growth between these genotypes. Tumor progression was significantly faster for hdac1+/- fish (p=0.001), with mean time to stage 3 tumor (>50% of the animal showing evidence of tumor dissemination) of 43.3 ± 10.1 days (mean ± S.D.) compared with 76.3 ± 9.2 days for wild type siblings. Furthermore, survival of hdac1+/- fish was significantly shorter (p In contrast, progression of transplanted hdac1+/- tumors was slower compared with transplanted wild type tumors. Only 8.3% of transplanted hdac1+/- tumors had extended into the thymus and other organs by 21 days following intra-peritoneal injection into recipients. In contrast, 92% of the wild type tumors had evidence of widespread tumor dissemination by 21 days post-transplant. Several mechanisms were considered as potential contributing factors to these differences between the hdac +/- and wild type leukemias, including cell cycle differences, the effects of different tumor micro-environments, and differences in leukemia-initiating cell (LIC) frequencies. We did not find obvious differences in cell cycle parameters between genotypes. Also, we found no effect from different microenvironments of tumors following transplantation into either hdac1 +/- or wild type recipients. In contrast, we did find significant differences in leukemia-initiating cell frequencies between the genotypes (p In summary, our data provide support for dual roles of hdac1 in leukemogenesis. In this model, hdac1 has an initial protective role acting as an oncosuppressor, leading to more rapid tumor progression and decreased survival of animals with hdac1 +/- haploinsufficient tumors compared with wild type tumors. Interestingly, hdac1 also behaved as an oncogene, with decreased tumor progression following transplantation of hdac1 haploinsufficient tumors compared with wild type tumors. Our data indicate that caution is warranted regarding the use of HDAC inhibitors in treating hematologic malignancy, as this treatment could have unintended consequences, particularly during early stages of tumor development. Explaining these apparently contradictory roles of hdac1 in leukemogenesis is the focus of ongoing investigation, including gene expression studies and validation of targets. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


The present invention has been evolved Multimedia Broadcast / Multicast Service (eMBMS) processing network elements and evolved multimedia broadcast / multicast service relates to a broadcast method. eMBMS processes the network element comprises a first transceiver and a first processor. The first transceiver receives the bearer eMBMS application request from the application server. eMBMS bearer application requirements include a broadcast area. The first transceiver transmits a broadcast area to configure the service center, and to receive the broadcast / multicast service area (MBMS SA) configuration information that is returned by the service center configuration in accordance with the broadcast area. A first processor establishes the eMBMS session resource of the broadcast area in accordance with the MBMS configuration information SA. The present invention in this way can solve the problems that can not be dynamically generated broadcast area under the eMBMS performance opening mechanism.


The p53 protein controls the expression of a wide range of genes with disparate functions. William Foulkes explains what p53 is and why it is important in cancer.


Through the practice of cartography curriculum we found that there exist such phenomenon as the textbook version of the widespread use is single,the emphasis point is not prominent for different professional,and even monotonously alike in cartology teaching of different specialties in undergraduate universities.,The author believes that It is imperative for the teaching reform of cartology teaching to undertake comprehensive reform from its content,teaching methods and teaching material construction.


Prasenjit Duara deconstructed the linear history and revealed its disadvantages,then he constructed bifurcated history paradigm.This paradigm believes that the subjects and the times of history are pluralistic and bifurcated,that there are complicated transaction between the past and the present.The aim of this paradigm is to rescue history.And the Methodology is discourse analysis.


SIGNIFICANCE Perceptual-cognitive skills are the capacity of athletes to identify task-relevant information in the environment and integrate information with the knowledge available for decision making or controlling motor responses. Gaze behavior is one performance-related perceptual skill and a key factor affecting expertise affecting referee performance. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to compare visual search behavior and decision-making accuracy of expert and novice fencing referees. METHOD Twenty-eight referees were divided into expert (n = 14) and novice (n = 14) groups. Participants were fitted with mobile eye trackers and participated in tests that consisted of five blocks of 10 video clips. Videos are provided annually by the World Fencing Federation for referee testing. RESULTS The results showed a significant difference between the two groups in terms of the accuracy of decision making, number, duration, and location of fixations. Expert referees had higher decision-making accuracy compared with novice referees. Expert referees had fewer fixations than did novice referees. Fixations of expert referees were longer than those of novice referees, and the locations of fixations of expert and novice referees were different. CONCLUSIONS According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that the difference in visual search behavior of expert and novice referees was one of the factors contributing to better decision making of expert referees.


In time-dependent density functional theory and Ehrenfest dynamics are used to calculate the electronic excitations produced by a moving Ni ion in a Ni crystal in the case of energetic MeV range (electronic stopping power regime), as well as thermal energy meV range (electron-phonon interaction regime). Results at high energy compare well to experimental databases of stopping power, and at low energy the electron-phonon interaction strength determined in this way is very similar to the linear response calculation and experimental measurements. Our approach to electron-phonon interaction as an electronic stopping process provides the basis for a unified framework to perform classical molecular dynamics of ion-solid interaction with ab initio type nonadiabatic terms in a wide range of energies.


Influence maximization (IM) in complex networks tries to activate a small subset of seed nodes that could maximize the propagation of influence. The studies on IM have attracted much attention due to their wide applications such as item recommendation, viral marketing, information propagation and disease immunization. Existing works mainly model the IM problem as a discrete optimization problem, and use either approximate or meta-heuristic algorithms to address this problem. However, these works are hard to find a good tradeoff between effectiveness and efficiency due to the NP-hard and large-scale network properties of the IM problem. In this article, we propose an evolutionary deep reinforcement learning algorithm (called EDRL-IM) for IM in complex networks. First, EDRL-IM models the IM problem as a continuous weight parameter optimization of deep Q network (DQN). Then, it combines an evolutionary algorithm (EA) and a deep reinforcement learning algorithm (DRL) to evolve the DQN. The EA simultaneously evolves a population of individuals, and each of which represents a possible DQN and returns a solution to the IM problem through a dynamic markov node selection strategy, while the DRL integrates all information and network-specific knowledge of DQNs to accelerate their evolution. Systematic experiments on both benchmark and real-world networks show the superiority of EDRL-IM over the state-of-the-art IM methods in finding seed nodes.


The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommendations for pneumococcal vaccinations include updates on appropriate spacing between the 13‐valent conjugate vaccine (PCV13) and the 23‐valent polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23). The schedule may confuse providers leading to either vaccine omission or inappropriate vaccination. Numerous facilities have implemented inpatient reminder tools with limited success rates; however, the complexity of vaccine selection is not eliminated with this reminder approach nor does it provide education to the provider on ACIP recommendations. The Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System implemented a tool to provide patient specific guidance and education on ACIP‐appropriate vaccine selection embedded within a required discharge note called the discharge instruction inpatient note (DIPN). This study evaluates its impact on pneumococcal vaccination rates in hospitalized veterans 65 years of age and older.


The distribution of n-octadecanol (ODL) on the boron enriched surface of controlled-porosity glass (CPG) was investigated. Using the "inverse" gas chromatography method the behaviour of ODL films deposited in the CPG surface was found to be different than that of the ODL film on silica gel. Especially, as the result of the phase transition in a monomolecular film from solid condensed to liquid expanded state, an average surface area occupied by a single molecule of ODL increases from 0.25 to 0.28 nm. Another conclusion from the obtained data is that at temperatures above the phase transition the ODL layer on the boron enriched CPG surface consists of: a) liquid ODL filling the pores of a solid, and b) the expanded monolayer covering the part of the surface not occupied by liquid ODL. Contrary to silica gel, there is no oriented film under liquid ODL.


Biodiversity means variety of lifeforms. The term was coined by Walter G. Rosen in 1986 (Sarkar 2002). Many struggle to give a precise definition to the term biodiversity. One of the internationally accepted definitions is found in the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) which defines biodiversity as the variability among living organisms from all sources, including terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; and includes diversity within species, between species and ecosystems. The term thus includes a range of ecosystems such as mountains, forests, fluvial systems, coastal and marine ecosystems and the numerous organisms present in them. It also includes genetic diversity within species. Along with biotic factors, abiotic factors like soil, water, climate etc. are crucial in maintaining living organisms. Hence these ecological complexes are also included within the definition of 'biodiversity'.


There are a lot of factors that call into question the integrity, safety and reliability of concrete macrostructures such as bridges, buildings, tunnels and dikes. Examples of such factors are humidity variations, in-excess load supported during years, vibrations and pH variations, which can damage the concrete structure after extended periods. In order to test the real state of such structures, we present the design and development of fiber optic based sensors that permit the measurement of loads and tensions applied to the structure, just as both the humidity and pH of the concrete at the measurement point. The load of the structure can be measured by means of fiber Bragg grating techniques, which involves wavelength multiplexing and optical spectrum analysis, and the humidity and pH measurements are achieved by incorporating different types of hydrogels to the nearness of the fiber Bragg grating. The change in humidity and pH produces volume changes in these hydrogels that modify the spectral response provided by the fiber Bragg grating. Thus, it is possible to place multiple sensors along the macrostructure to visualize the on-line status during its life time.


The purpose of the present study was to explore foreign language students'(German-English) tendency to employ Language Learning strategies (LLS) and Vocabulary Learning strategies (VLS) in terms of gender, proficiency, and length of language learning. The participants included 255 foreign language students studying at a state University. As a tool a questionnaire was administered to undergraduate students. Findings of the study revealed that the students of both field made use of both LLS and VLS to a certain extent. In German Language department, female students were found to use LLS and VLS more frequently than male students, while no significant difference was found between female and male students in terms of strategy use in ELT department. More experienced students exploited these strategies more frequently than less experienced students.


Market research offers a wide range of techniques for understanding consumers' actions and attitudes. DSD distribution systems differ from traditional warehousebased distribution systems in both generating and executing actionable insights through market research. DSD systems give CP manufacturers store-level shipments data and observational data about the store environment. This information, combined with the regular presence of the DSD representatives in stores, enables manufacturers to cost-effectively: tailor their assortment to the specific store audience, manage live events such as promotions and new product introductions, manage inventory for faster turns and higher availability and provide faster alerts of execution problems such as out-of-stocks. DSD systems enable more precise demand signaling which improves efficiency and lowers costs throughout the entire supply chain. DSD manufacturers and retailers more effectively serve consumers and shareholders by combining high value insights with the ability to act quickly and directly to capitalize on opportunities and solve problems at the store.


and has high aesthetic appeal in autumn. However, the amount and quality of aspen cover in the West has been declining for many years. For example, aspen cover in the Dixie and Fishlake National forests in Utah has decreased by more than 60% from historic levels, and in the Uinta National Forest aspen cover has been reduced by nearly 40%


Sulfated zirconia (SZ) is a widely used catalyst, which is synthesized by a solvent free method and the synthesized catalyst has been characterized. Neem Methyl Ester (Biodiesel) was prepared by a two-step process of esterification and transesterification from Neem oil with methanol in the presence of catalyst. Acid catalyst was used for the esterification and alkali catalyst (KOH) for the transesterification reaction. Optimal Free Fatty Acid (FFA) conversion was achieved using 1 wt% SZ as an acid catalyst with a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 9:1, temperature of 65oC and reaction time of 2 h. The acid value was reduced to 94% of the raw oil (24.76 mg KOH/g), which confirmed the conversion. Consequently, this pretreatment reduces the overall complexity of the process and a conversion efficiency of 95% is achieved when pretreated oil reacts with methanol in the presence of KOH.


A new kind of nickel stripping agent was developed with a resist agent of meta-nitrobenzine sodium sulfonate as oxidant.The optimized formula was gained by orthogonal test as follows: 80 g/L of meta-nitrobenzine sodium sulfonate,37.5 g/L of monoethanolamine,30 g/L of glycine,4.5 g/L of sodium thiosulfate and 0.03 g/L of lauryl sodium sulfate.The action of various components in nickel stripping agent was discussed.The influence of temperature on the stripping speed for electrolessly plated and electroplated nickel was studied.And the difference between the two stripping speeds was explained by XRD spectrum.


(1) For every macro instructionI and for every integer locationa holds card(if a = 0 then I ; Goto(insloc(0)) else(StopSCMFSA)) = cardI +6. (2) For every macro instructionI and for every integer locationa holds card(if a > 0 then I ; Goto(insloc(0)) else(StopSCMFSA)) = cardI +6. Let a be an integer location and let I be a macro instruction. The functor while a= 0 do I yields a macro instruction and is defined as follows: (Def. 1) while a= 0 do I = (if a= 0 then I ; Goto(insloc(0)) else(StopSCMFSA))+·(insloc(cardI + 4)7−→ . goto insloc(0)). The functorwhile a > 0 do I yielding a macro instruction is defined as follows: (Def. 2) while a> 0 do I = (if a> 0 then I ; Goto(insloc(0)) else(StopSCMFSA))+·(insloc(cardI + 4)7−→ . goto insloc(0)). One can prove the following proposition


Phytoremediation is a cost-effective and environment-friendly technology that uses plants for environmental remediation. In order to promote practical application of phytoremediation, an income generation phytoremediation strategy was suggested using biofuel crops for utilization and phytoremediation of contaminated soils. In this study, the tolerance and accumulation potential to heavy metals of two biofuel plants and two accumulator plants were investigated in order to evaluate their suitability for phytoremediation. Two biofuel crops, maize (Zea mays L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), and two accumulator plants, Elsholtzia splendens (ES) and Kummerowia striata (KS) were exposed to the hydroponic mixtures of Pb, Cu and Cd. Results showed that, at the 0.01 mol/L application level of Pb, Cu and Cd, sunflower had the highest accumulation ability for Pb, Cu and Cd in the shoot part compared to other three plants, and maize had a similar accumulation level to ES and KS. Sunflower also had much higher shoot/root ratios of accumulation for Cu and Cd than maize. However, sunflower showed lower tolerance to Pb, Cu and Cd contamination than maize, ES and KS. This study provided useful data supporting the use of biofuel plants in phytoremediation.


The reduction of line lightning trip-out rate becomes a topic of common concern. Using conventional measures to reduce the lightning trip-out rate is unlikely to be effective for transmission lines in the complex terrain mountain with strong lightning activity and high soil resistivity. Domestic and international practices show that use of line surge arresters is the most effective lightning protection measure. This article highlights 110 kV polymeric housed line MOA with supporting series gap.


Distance control using a tuning fork setup for the detection of shear forces is a standard configuration in scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM). Based on this concept, a modified sensor was developed, where a standard silicon tip for atomic force microscopy (AFM) is attached to the front end of one prong of a 100 kHz quartz tuning fork oscillator. Comparison of force curves of a standard tapping-mode AFM cantilever, a conventional fiber tip SNOM sensor and the novel AFM tip shear force sensor demonstrate an enhanced stability and sensitivity of the new sensor. Due to the rigid sensor design the force curves of the AFM tip shear force sensor indicate a perfect noncontact behavior under normal conditions in air. Noncontact images show a comparable resolution to conventional force microscopy.


The worst economic outcomes have been argued as a result of the mismanagement in money supply especially in 1929's Great Depression, 1970's Stagflation and 2008's Economic depression in the global economy. However, economic recessions tend to appear after oil price phenomenon. In particular, the global inflationary pressures of 2008 became severe with the spikes up in oil prices as well as crop productivity shocks in the world economy including Pakistan. The object of the present paper is to discuss inflation in the framework of Monetary and external Oil Price Shocks, Crop Productivity Propositions, Inflation Inertia, and real GDP growth. The empirical studies broadly uphold the monetary explanation of inflation in the Pakistan's economy. This paper offers the policy implication that the combination of monetary as well as productivity management is required to arrest inflationary pressures in the economy. In addition, we find the comprehensive evidence that food inflation is also a monetary phenomenon in the Pakistan's economy. On the other hand, the continuous persistence in inflation inertia does not hold as a result of the absence of autocorrelation in money supply in AR (2) or higher process in the data. Oil prices in terms of domestic currency highlight the fact that the transmission channel of world shocks via exchange rate fluctuations leaves significant impacts upon domestic inflation in the economy.


Consumers develop many valuable products--and reveal their unprotected designs to others--as "free innovations." (1) These free innovations represent a potentially valuable resource for industrial innovators. Rather than replicating the innovation process already undertaken by these consumer innovators, producers can collect and evaluate consumer designs to identify those with the highest profit potential and apply their RD studies in six countries show that tens of millions of people in the household sector--consumers--spend tens of billions of dollars each year to develop and improve products to make their own lives better (Table 1). These individuals, who might also be called "consumer innovators," develop consumer products and services for reasons ranging from personal need to simple enjoyment of the development process to a desire to help others. The market in which these consumer innovators operate is an important innovation segment: consumer products and services account for the largest proportion of GDP in most countries; between 60 and 70 percent of GDP in the United States and other OECD nations is devoted to products and services intended for final consumption (Mataloni 2015; OECD 2015). Examples of free innovation by users and communities abound; in recent years, this kind of innovation has been spurred by increasing access to free information and low-cost design tools, largely via the Internet, and by the emergence of a seemingly endless variety of online communities where innovators can connect and collaborate. For example, NightScout, a system that monitors diabetics' blood sugar levels through the night, was developed by a community of consumers dedicated to addressing problems associated with Type 1 diabetes. Many of the participants in this community either have Type 1 diabetes themselves or have children who do. NightScout's story, as told by Linebaugh (2014), is emblematic of the phenomenon: NightScout got its start in the Livonia, N.Y., home of John Costik, a software engineer at the Wegmans supermarket chain. In 2012, his son Evan was diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes at the age of four. The father of two bought a Dexcom continuous glucose monitoring system, which uses a hair's width sensor under the skin to measure blood-sugar levels. He was frustrated that he couldn't see Evan's numbers when he was at work. So he started fiddling around. On May 14 last year [2013], he tweeted a picture of his solution: a way to upload the Dexcom receiver's data to the Internet using his software, a $4 cable and an Android phone. That tweet caught the eye of other engineers across the country. One was Lane Desborough, an engineer with a background in control systems for oil refineries and chemical plants whose son, 15, has diabetes. Mr. Desborough had designed a home-display system for glucose-monitor data and called it NightScout. But his system couldn't connect to the Internet, so it was merged with Mr. Costik's software to create the system used today.... Users stay in touch with each other and the developers via a Facebook group set up by Mr. Adams. It now has more than 6,800 members. The developers are making fixes as bugs arise and adding functions such as text-message alarms and access controls via updates. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Dexcom Corporation, the glucose monitor manufacturer mentioned in the story, has learned from the NightScout design and has since added identical functionality to its products. Dexcom's management sees these new features as a valuable addition to the company's commercial offerings. …


The scientific goals of the second astrometric satellite(Gaia) are briefly described. Gaia will be launched in March 2013.The current progress of this project is presented in this paper,especially the basic principle of observational data processing method is given.The difference between Gaia and Hipparcos data processing is also pointed out.In order to attain the accuracy with micro-arcsecond in proper motion some systematic errors such as secular aberration drift,effects of the low-frequency gravitational wave,the Universe expansion anisotropy,the weak microlensing and the microlensing noise should be considered.The construction of Gaia optical reference frame,including the selection of quasars and the attainable accuracy,is mentioned. As for the link between Gaia reference and the radio reference frame ICRF-2,which is adopted by IAU at the 27 th IAU general assembly,the core drift and detection of luminosity in long-term as accident errors should be considered.Finally,through the collaboration with some countries some research subjects,which can be carried out on ground based observations with current instruments and 65 m radio telescope to be built at Shanghai Astronomical Observatory in China,are suggested to support Gaia observations.


Ferrite Number measurements are becoming more accurate as new Constitution Diagrams are developed and standards for calibrating instruments are updated.


The pervasiveness of information goes beyond the website to which information architects traditionally look for the user experience. Unfortunately, users do so much more with information that one website is no longer sufficient to meet users' information needs. The authors illustrate this pervasive user experience with a bank transaction: pay an invoice by visiting the bank's website, receive a text message detailing the account operation, and visit the bank's location to pick up the bank check. The bank transaction requires several channels (hand delivery counts as a channel). Each channel is outside the scope of a single information producer. Consequently, information architects need to think about cross-channel or multiple-channel user experiences if they seek to meet the pervasive information demands that are, in fact, bleeding out of the internet. In addition, information architects need to pay particular attention to the physical integration of information into human life—picking up the bank check.


A characteristic feature of type I allergies is the presence of allergen-speci fi c immunoglobulin E (sIgE) [1,2]. Thus, the detection of sIgE, in addition to obtaining a clinical history and performing a skin prick test (SPT), is important for allergy workup. Historically, sIgE to various allergens was analyzed by radioallergosorbent test using allergen-coupled cellulose paper discs. Later on, the enzyme allergosorbent test and the reversed allergosorbent test were used for the detection of sIgE [3]. In recent years, rapid assays for the detection of sIgE as point-of-care diagnostics have been developed using various strategies [4]. The objective of this study was the technical evaluation of 2 rapid assays (ALFA Seasonal Screen [ALFA S] and ALFA Perennial Screen [ALFA P]) for the detection of sIgE to the most common inhalant allergens. Serum samples (n = 50) were tested by ALFA and sIgE was analyzed for all single allergens utilized in ALFA allergen screens by ALLERG-O-LIQ (Dr. Fooke Laboratorien GmbH, Neuss, Germany), a reverse-type, quantitative immunoassay (WHO 75/502 calibrated). The maximum kU


The presence of musical instruments is frequent and significant in all phases of cubism. Analyzing the musical evocation of cubist painting, it appears as a creative impulse and a bridge of knowledge in this artistic revolution that transformed the art of the 20th century. In this rupture from all that previously existed in art, in search of a new pictorial space and a limitless exploration of a new pictorial language, music is always present: in the objects, in the handwritings, and in the cubist symbols. The pictorial search of Picasso and Braque drove them to represent the music and to transform it from an intellectual object into a work of art. They were surrounded by music, and moreover, Braque played musical instruments. This new musical perspective is necessary to understand cubist painting, and also to show reverance for the decisive role that music plays in other fields of art. This interdisciplinary approach is the basis for various investigations and thankfully has produced great advances, which by any other method would be impossible. Interlacing diverse disciplines helps one to have a deeper, wider and more creative perspective.