The textile industry and textile products are one of the fastest growing industries in Indonesia. On the other hands the development of textile industry has a negative impact on the environment because it contains harmful chemical compounds. One step to degrade the present of dye compound in textile's waste water is using carbon nanodot (C-Dots). In this research, C-Dots was produced from water hyacinth by microwave assisted method. NaOH and NaOCl2 were used to remove lignin and hemicellulose while a direct heating method with a furnace was used for carbonation process. The optimum condition of C-Dots concentration to degrade the azo dye were determined by observing the absorbance parameter and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the textile's waste water. The highest absorbance reduction of the azo dye, Skycion Yellow HE 4R, 10 ppm at wavelength 700nm came from solution with C-Dots with ratio 4:1 (gram C-Dots to liter of waste water). From this result, it can be concluded that C-Dots produced from Water Hyacinth can be used to degrade azo dyes in textile waste water.


The rise of China is a global phenomenon. Evidence shows that the Belt and Road-related research and publications are on the increase. For instance, only the Chinese scholars and academics publishe...


The study focuses on the development of a current measuring device that incorporates the ACS712 current sensor, enhances the reading sensitivity of the ACS712 current sensor from 27mA/bit to 5mA/bit through the implementation of an AD620 differential amplifier, and employs a Kalman filter for improved accuracy. This increase in current uses a differential amplifier AD620. An increase in the sensitivity of the reading is carried out by utilizing the initial value of the ACS712 sensor when it has not been connected to the circuit or an offset of 512 to 0 so that 10bit ADC data can be utilized to measure 4880 mV/A so that the accuracy of reading 1-bit data is equal to 4, 8 mV/mA after being given a gain of 26.5 times. The signal enhanced from the AD620 will be filtered using the Kalman filter program so that the signal generated after the increase will be stable, and the current value that has been read will be displayed on the LCD screen. Based on the analysis results, the ACS712 current sensor can effectively measure up to 5mA/bit stably using the AD620 differential amplifier and Kalman filter.


The Kiel conical sediment trap and a 3: 1 right cylinder were simultaneously deployed in both free-drifting and moored modes on four separate occasions over the Peruvian shelf in order to compare downward flux measurements derived from each. Four additional trials with moored and free-drifting 3: 1 cylinders were made in the northern Adriatic. The tendency for the free-drifting 3: 1 cylinder to collect more material than its moored counterpart was supported at the 5% level by the signed-rank test. The results for the Kiel design are inconclusive because of a low number of trials. Variability between the two designs when attached to the same free-drifting array was greater than that of two 3:1 cylinders on the same array. Systematic variations in the way in which collected material was recovered and processed is likely responsible. Small-scale sampling error was estimated from simultaneous deployments at 30 m of paired fre~drifting trap arrays made on four different days. Log-10 coefficients of variation ranged from 3.8% to 31.3% (mean: 15.5%) for the 3: 1 cylinder and from 1.0% to 52.3% (mean: 17.9%) for the Kiel design. Means are similar to within-and between-array variability reported for moored traps. Differences between designs, and within moored and free-drifting versions of the 3: 1 cylindrical design, serve as a guide in intercomparing our group's sediment trap data. However, no statement has been made about absolute collecting efficiency.


The copyrolysis of the green microalgae Botryococcus braunii and Victorian brown coal was studied by thermogravimetric analysis using the Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS), Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO), and Friedman methods. This research aims to study the synergistic effect of mixing B. braunii and Victorian brown coal in pyrolysis reactions on the kinetic parameter using thermogravimetric analysis. Copyrolysis was carried out at four heating rates, 10, 15, 20, and 25 °C/min. The copyrolysis reaction of B. braunii and Victorian brown coal occurred from 155.79 to 545.27 °C; this temperature range was lower than that for the pyrolysis of only B. braunii under the same conditions. However, mixing the two samples increased the thermal decomposition temperature for each conversion value (α), as well as the average activation energy, due to the presence of compounds that require high temperatures to undergo pyrolysis in the Victorian brown coal. The average activation energies of the copyrolysis reaction of B. braunii and Victorian brown coal determined using the KAS, FWO, and Friedman methods were 195.20 ± 17.40, 195.60 ± 17.70, and 225.93 ± 32.39 kJ/mol, respectively.


The extraction of some medicinal plants (Plucheadioscorides aerial part, IPomoeacordofana whole plant, Zaleya pantendra whole plant and Heliotrpium supinum aerial part), are commonly known to treat a variety of diseases in this study. Plants under study were investigated for their antibacterial activity against four standard bacterial strains Bacillus subtilis (NCTC8236), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC25923), Escherichia coli (ATCC25922), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC27853), and two standard fungal strains Aspergillius niger (ATCC9763) and Candida albicans (ATCC7596) in vitro. The plants extracts with diversely solvents with increasing in the polarity, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol at a concentration of 100mg/ml were applied using the agar plate well-diffusion method. All the extracts obtained from Zaleya pantendra were showed high activity against all tested bacterial strains, and while have no activity against fungal strains. The methanol extract showed high significantly activity against of all bacterial strains activity in particular at Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and less activity to Gram-negative bacteria was Escherichia coli. The least anti bacterially active plants was IPomoeacordofana. The crude extract from ethyl acetate of Heliotrpium supinum showed high activity against all tested fugal strains of all extracts, and have broader spectrum towards Aspergillius niger (IZ=30mm). The methanol extract of Zaleya pantendra is appropriate candidates for the development of modern antimicrobial compounds.


The present invention discloses an optical fiber designed for single mode high data rate WDM telecommunications systems. The new distribution of the core is improved bending performance. By providing a zero dispersion wavelength above the upper limit in the operating window so that the total dispersion within the extended wavelength window is kept low. In addition to increasing the cutoff wavelength close to the following working window. Maintaining a very low waveguide attenuation characteristics in the case where the ease of manufacture.


In Chile, teaching is in a period of transition between occupation and profession. To examine teachers' perceptions of their profession, the author conducted a qualitative, phenomenological investigation. He interviewed twenty-seven history and social science teachers employed at urban secondary schools in Chile. He found that teachers believe their occupation has the characteristics of a profession, but they perceive that society does agree with that belief. However, participants reported that their main motivation was to disseminate knowledge to students, not to further the professionalization of their occupation. The author suggests that teachers form a professional organization capable of clarifying and expanding its own body of knowledge. They should also promote classroom activities that stimulate student learning and reasoning beyond the transfer of facts.


Objective:To explore the correlation ship between the nitric oxide synthase(NOS) neurons in the septum medialis vertical diagonal band complex(SM vDB) of lymphostatic encephalopathy (LSEP) rat and the spatial reference memory. Methods: The changes in NOS ir neurons in SM vDB from both acquired memory and LSEP rat were demonstrated with immunocytochemical method quantitatively. Results: (1)Comparing with the control, the number of NOS ir neurons in SM vDB from trained group increased by 96.91%, 62.96%(P0.01), with a negative correlation between the mean escape latency and the counts of NOS ir neuron in SM vDB(SM r=-0.7646, P0.01; vDB r=-0.8152, P0.01). The somata increased by 42.51%, 35.00%(P0.01), and the gray level by 130.51%, 115.41%(P0.01). (2)Comparing with the sham, memory retention of the LSEP model was impaired, the number of NOS ir neurons in SM vDB of the model decreased by 25.91%, 20.13%(P0.01), with a negative correlation between the mean escape latency and the counts of NOS ir neuron in SM vDB(SM r=-0.6538,P0.01; vDB r=-0.7242,P0.01). The somata area decreased by 14.92%, 12.97%(P0.01), and the gray level by 33.34%, 41.54%(P0.01). Conclusion: The decrease of NOS ir neurons may damage the spatial reference memory retention in LSEP.


Abstract : An automatic octave sound apparatus is described which is suitable for analyzing and measuring sound in combat vehicles. An Ra-277 G sound frequency analyzer when used with a suitable graphic level recorder, permitted analysis of noise over a frequency range from 40 to 10,000 cycles per second by means of a 5-cycle wide or 200-cycle wide band pass filter. It was learned that airplane noise was produced by the propeller, by the engine exhaust, and by air leaks and aerodynamic flow. A complete system composed of a dynamic microphone, an octave band-pass filter set, a sound level meter, an automatic graphic level recorder, a battery power supply, and a hand-held remote control unit is described that determines either manually or automatically, sound levels in airplanes by octave bands.


A novel, ultra‐compact switchable microstrip band‐pass filter–low‐pass filter (BPF–LPF) showing wide stop band and good attenuation characteristics is proposed in this paper. Both BPF and LPF operation utilizes a common geometrical filter section, and individual filter operation is realized by means of the switches operated in "ON" or "OFF" mode. The proposed filter is designed for the dual mode BPF for wireless local area network (5.15–5.35 GHz) application with all four switches in OFF condition and for the LPF at 3 GHz cut‐off frequency with all switches in ON condition. The insertion loss (S21) in the stop band region is below −20 dB extending up to 12 GHz for both the filters. The proposed reconfigurable filter is ultra‐compact having the circuit size of only 5.952 mm × 8 mm = 47.616 mm2. The simulation result is validated experimentally. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:197–201, 2017


Yala and Maha, rainy seasons in Sri Lanka are based on solar calendar system, and it was noted that the pattern of rainfall has been changed reasonably in recent years. Solar calendar is based on the sun, and lunar calendar is mainly based on the transaction of the moon. A lunar month consists of 28 days or 29 days with some additional hours. Therefore, the lunar year consists of 348 days (29*12 moths), and a 17 day (365-348) difference exists in lunar calendar with compared to the solar calendar. The objective of this study is to fit copulas to the rainfall duration and severity data for selected stations nearby tobacco grown areas in Sri Lanka for two calendar systems, solar and lunar, and compare the results to identify the most reliable calendar system to predict rainfall with more accuracy. The study was entirely based on secondary data taken from the Ceylon Tobacco Company from 6 different depots (Galewela, Theldeniya, Ududumbara, Polonnaruwa, Melsiripura, and Na-Ula). Daily rainfall data of solar calendar collected for the period of 5 years from 2008 to 2012 were used, and then the rainfalls of lunar months were constructed for selected stations. Monthly and Seasonal Rainfall data were prepared according to the both solar and lunar calendars. The results obtained by performing a preliminary analysis were arranged in a tabular manner and represented graphically for all the data. The time series analysis, trend analysis, and bivariate copula regression were utilized to examine periodic changes and the patterns of rainfall for both calendar systems. Time series plots have shown a clear difference between the two calendar systems. The lunar calendar system presented a kind of pattern compared to the solar calendar system on monthly rainfall during the first half of the selected years with a shift of rainfall peaks. When comparing the time series models, lunar calendar system models show closer values than the solar calendar system models to predict seasonal rainfall data in a particular year. For copula regression the 3-month standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was calculated and used it to identify the rainfall duration, and the corresponding rainfall severity. According to the chi-square goodness of fit test, it was found that the rainfall duration follows exponential distribution, and rainfall severity follows gamma distribution for both calendars for all the stations. Then the best fitted joint distribution of bivariate copula for rainfall duration and rainfall severity was identified as Gumbel-Hougaard copula based on maximum loglikelihood for each station for both calendar systems. Finally, it was revealed that the rainfall values of Galewela, Theldeniya, and Ududumbara follow a lunar calendar with more accuracy, and rainfall values of Polonnaruwa, Melsiripura, and Na-Ula follow solar calendar system. These fitted models are useful for making probability statements regarding the return periods in the future.


Sue Oakley explains how the process of shared decision‐making brings together patient preferences and the doctor's evidence‐based practice to reach a shared decision on a proposed treatment. Copyright © 2007 Wiley Interface Ltd


Abstract Antihyaluronidase in the serum of fifty normal human beings antagonistic to Type 2 pneumococcus hyaluronidase was compared with the same antihyaluronidase in the serum of Patient A. T. who was six months convalescent from Type 2 pneumococcus endocarditis. All of the fifty normal subjects tested had some degree of this antihyaluronidase. Since subsequent experiments demonstrated that serum antihyaluronidase antagonistic to pneumococcus hyaluronidase is not type specific, these observations upon the sera of normal human beings pertain to hyaluronidase elaborated by all types of pneumococci. Serial sera of twenty-six patients with primary pneumococcic pneumonia were tested for antihyaluronidase by titration against hyaluronidases in culture filtrates of Type 1, Type 2, and Type 7 pneumococci. Seven patients with negative blood culture and no purulent complication exhibited no change of antihyaluronidase titer. Eight of eleven patients with pneumococcus bacteremia and no purulent complication exhibited rises of antihyaluronidase titer which were fourfold or greater. All of eight patients with pneumococcus bacteremia and purulent complication exhibited rises of titer of fourfold or greater. The rises of antihyaluronidase titer which were observed were not specific for pneumococcus type. Therapeutic antipneumococcic rabbit serum exhibited less antagonism of pneumococcus hyaluronidase than did a majority of the sera from fifty normal human beings. High therapeutic concentrations of penicillin and sodium sulfadiazine exhibited no antagonism of pneumococcus hyaluronidase. A rise of serum antihyaluronidase titer could not be brought about in one patient with pneumococcic pneumonia by the intravenous administration of therapeutic antipneumococcic serum, but a progressive rise of serum agglutinin titer for the homologous pneumococcus was produced.


Building next-generation web applications with JSF and Facelets Build powerful and robust web applications with Apache MyFaces Reduce coding by using feature-rich JSF components from the Trinidad and Tomahawk subprojects. Ensure maintainability by maximizing code reuse using Facelets. Step-by-step and practical tutorial with lots of examples In Detail Hypes and trends (such as Web 2.0) cause a change in the requirements for user interfaces every now and then. While a lot of frameworks are capable of meeting those changing requirements, it often means you as a developer need in-depth knowledge of web standards, such as XHTML and JavaScript. A framework like Apache MyFaces that hides all details of how the page is rendered at the client and at the same time offers a rich set of tools and building blocks could save you a lot of time, not only when you're building a brand new application but also when you're adapting an existing application to meet new user interface requirements. This book will teach you everything you need to know to build appealing web interfaces with Apache MyFaces and maintain your code in a pragmatic way. It describes all the steps that are involved in building a user interface with Apache MyFaces. This includes building templates and composition components with Facelets, using all sorts of specialized components from the Tomahawk and Trinidad component sets and adding validation with MyFaces Extensions Validator. The book uses a step-by-step approach and contains a lot of tips based on experience of the MyFaces libraries in real-world projects. Throughout the book an example scenario is used to work towards a fully functional application when the book is finished. This step-by-step guide will help you to build a fully functional and powerful application. What you will learn from this book Create appealing and easy-to-use templates with Facelets Assure reusability of your code by constructing composition components Build consistent looking and usable pages using Trinidad components Use the advanced components from the Tomahawk library, that go way beyond the JSF standard Enhance your web application by enabling AJAX functionality without writing JavaScript code yourself Create dynamic applications that fit the corporate style and color scheme of your company by using the extensive skinning capabilities of Trinidad Prevent the duplication of validation rules by adding JPA annotation-based validation with ExtVal Optimize your JSF application in terms of performance and page size Approach The book is written as a step-by-step, example-driven tutorial designed to be worked through step by step working on the example code as you learn. A fun example scenario is used throughout the book and of course all source code is available to download from the author's web site. The book is packed with tips and tricks, based on experience with MyFaces in real-life projects. Who this book is written for This book is intended for Java developers who want to develop web frontends for their enterprise applications using Apache MyFaces as JSF implementation. Some basic knowledge of JSF is expected.


This publication summarises Part 1 of the final report on threatened habitat types published in Finnish. It presents the assessment method, the results and their justifications as well as a summary of action proposals drawn up by expert groups. The habitat type descriptions, distribution maps, photographs and habitat typespecific justifications can be found in Part 2 of the publication only available in Finnish. The assessment of threatened habitat types covered all natural habitat types and seminatural grasslands and wooded pastures in Finland. Assessment results are presented for 388 habitat types. Habitat types were divided into eight main groups: Baltic Sea (42 habitat types, 24% assessed as threatened), Baltic Sea coast (45, 58%), inland waters and shores (59, 20%), mires (69, 57%), forests (34, 76%), rock outcrops and scree (44, 25%), seminatural grasslands and wooded pastures (42, 100%) and fell habitats (53, 38%). This was the second assessment of threatened habitat types in Finland. This assessment was conducted using the international IUCN Red List of Ecosystems method. The primary assessment criteria were change in habitat type quantity, change in abiotic and biotic quality, and rarity. The current trends for habitat types in terms of their state were also assessed. Altogether 186 habitat types (48% of the total number of habitat types) were assessed as being threatened in the whole of Finland. The percentage of threatened habitat types in Southern Finland (59%) is clearly higher than in Northern Finland (32%). Because of the changes in assessment methodology, the results of the first and second assessment of threatened habitat types are not directly comparable with each other. The results do, however, lend themselves to the interpretation that the risk of habitat type loss has not been reduced. Publisher Ministry of the Environment Printed by (place and time) Distributed by/ publication sales The publication is available in the internet (pdf): syke.fi/publications | helda.helsinki.fi/syke 251 The Finnish Environment 2 | 2019


The present study was conducted to compare effective method of inoculation, inoculum concentration and application of agrochemicals for evaluating BLB resistance/ aggressiveness and management of BLB disease in rice susceptible varieties through detached leaf assay, Glass house assay and field assay against most aggressive isolate Xoo 105. A comparison of inoculation methods showed that pin prick method produced high infection in all cultivars than clipping and paint brush methods. The pin prick method significantly produced high lesion length on detached leaves as compared to other two methods, while clipping method of inoculation showed high infection producing large lesion in potted plant and field assays. Protective application methods of streptomycin drug showed best results as compare to curative and promising concentration of 10 8 cfu /ml.


Evolution proceeds by natural selection of heritable variations of individual organisms based on direct influences of environment. However, indirect effects probably vastly outweigh direct ones in ecosystems. Therefore, why is evolution based on direct effects only? The ecological niche represents the point of direct contact between organisms and their environments. To encompass indirect influences, niches are extended to new structures, environs, which are units of organism-environment coevolution. The motive force for coevolution is closure of outputs back upon inputs of the organism members of ecosystems. Closure is achieved by biogeochemical cycling and feedback interactions, direct and indirect, between organisms. To the extent that closure does not occur, there is no imperative for organism-environment coevolution. Coevolution at the system level based on indirect effects is compatible with normal evolution at the individual organism level based on direct effects. The organism is the unit of the latter, but environs are the unit of coevolution.


The data of the computational analysis of three-dimensional flows in the flow section of intermediate and high pressure cylinders (IHPC) used for the new steam turbine K-1250 built by the PJSC "Turboatom" for the units of nuclear power plants have been given. The numerical investigation was done using the software system IPMFlow. The flow pass of the intermediate and high pressure cylinder IHPC K-1250 was designed using the method of parameterization and analytical profiling of the blades that was developed by IPMash of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. It has been shown that due to use of advanced approaches to the profiling of blade rows and the formation of meridional by-passes the efficiency factor for the flow sections of the high pressure cylinder (HPC) and intermediate pressure cylinder (IPS) for the proposed IHPC made up 96, 6 % and 96,4 %, respectively.


OBJECTIVE To investigate the improvement of LW-AFC on immunodeficiency. METHODS An immunodeficiency model of Kunming mice was established after mice were ip given CTX 0. 02 g·kg-1,once a day,for 10 d. Liuwei Dihuang concentrated pills ( LW) 1. 4 g·kg-1 and LW-AFC 0. 2,0. 4 and 0. 8 g·kg-1 were ig given in LW and LW-AFC groups,respectively, followed by daily administration of CTX for 10 d. The body weight of mice was measured,once every 2 d. On the 11th day the mice were sacrificed,the thymus and spleen were taken and weighed,and their indexes were calculated. The splenocyte proliferation was measured by [3H]TdR incorporation assay,the natural killer ( NK) cell activity was measured by MTT assay,and CD4 + CD8-and CD4-CD8 + T lymphocyte subsets were measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS Compared with normal control group,the weight and index of the thymus,and weight gain in CTX treated mice were significantly reduced. LW and LW-AFC had no obvious effect on these changes. The weight index of the spleen in LW-AFC 0. 2 g·kg-1 group was significantly improved. The spontaneous,Con A induced and LPS induced proliferation of splenocytes of CTX treated mice was significantly decreased compared with normal control group. The [3H]TdR incorporation decreased from 6115 ± 441,19 432 ± 1778 and ( 23 345 ± 7296) cpm to 2741 ± 340,9210 ± 1387 and ( 3983 ± 263) cpm, respectively. LW-AFC 0. 8 g·kg-1 could significantly improve the spontaneous proliferation of splenocytes while LW and LW-AFC 0. 2,0. 4 and 0. 8 g·kg-1 could significantly promote the Con A induced splenocyte proliferation. The [3H]TdR incorporation was 13 996 ± 5161,27 550 ± 2356, 15 427 ± 1444 and ( 27 333 ± 1701) cpm,respectively. LW and LW-AFC had no significant effect on the LPS induced splenocyte proliferation. The NK cell activity in CTX treated mice was decreased from ( 39. 5 ± 0. 5) % of normal control group to ( 37. 0 ± 1. 0) % ,but could be greatly improved by LW and LW-AFC 0. 2,0. 4 and 0. 8 g·kg-1. The NK cell activity was ( 40. 9 ± 0. 6) % ,( 39. 7 ± 0. 8) % ,( 42. 4 ± 0. 5) % and ( 39. 8 ± 0. 9) % ,respectively. The percentages of CD3 + ,CD4 + CD8-and CD4-CD8 + T cells of CTX treated mice was significantly increased,compared with normal control group,but CD4 + /CD8 + ratio was not obviously changed. LW and LW-AFC could significantly decrease the percentage of CD3 + , CD4 + CD8-and CD4-CD8 + T cells and CD4 + /CD8 + ratio. CONCLUSION LW-AFC can make remarkable improvement on immunodeficiency induced by CTX.


This document lists safety class (SC) and safety significant (SS) components for the Heating Ventilation Air Conditioning (HVAC) and specifies the critical characteristics for Commercial Grade Items (CGI), as required by HNF-PRO-268 and HNF-PRO-18 19. These are the minimum specifications that the equipment must meet in order to properly perform its safety function. There may be several manufacturers or models that meet the critical characteristics for any one item. The Plutonium Finishing Plant (PFP) HVAC System includes sub-systems 25A through 25K. Specific system boundaries and justifications are contained in HNF-SD-CP-SDD-005, ''Definition and Means of Maintaining the Ventilation System Confinement Portion of the PFP Safety Envelope.'' The procurement requirements associated with the system necessitates procurement of some system equipment as Commercial Grade Items in accordance with HNF-PRO-268, ''Control of Purchased Items and Services.''


In FEM-based EEG and MEG source analysis, the subtraction approach has been proposed to simulate sensor measurements generated by neural activity. While this approach possesses a rigorous foundation and produces accurate results, its major downside is that it is computationally prohibitively expensive in practical applications. To overcome this, we developed a new approach, called the localized subtraction approach. This approach is designed to preserve the mathematical foundation of the subtraction approach, while also leading to sparse right-hand sides in the FEM formulation, making it efficiently computable. We achieve this by introducing a cut-off into the subtraction, restricting its influence to the immediate neighborhood of the source. In this work, this approach will be presented, analyzed, and compared to other state-of-the-art FEM right-hand side approaches. Furthermore, we discuss how to arrive at an efficient and stable implementation. We perform validation in multi-layer sphere models where analytical solutions exist. There, we demonstrate that the localized subtraction approach is vastly more efficient than the subtraction approach. Moreover, we find that for the EEG forward problem, the localized subtraction approach is less dependent on the global structure of the FEM mesh when compared to the subtraction approach. Additionally, we show the localized subtraction approach to rival, and in many cases even surpass, the other investigated approaches in terms of accuracy. For the MEG forward problem, we show the localized subtraction approach and the subtraction approach to produce highly accurate approximations of the volume currents close to the source. The localized subtraction approach thus reduces the computational cost of the subtraction approach to an extent that makes it usable in practical applications without sacrificing rigorousness and accuracy.


In this paper we give a recursive algorithm to construct two families of $(0,1)$-matrices, one sparse regular and the other dense. We study various properties of the two families of $(0,1)$-matrices built with our algorithm. We present a new construction of two clases of isodual linear codes, one is the low density generator matrix codes and other is the dense linear codes, for both codes we obtain the polynomial of the distribution of weights, a bound for the minimum distance and we apply to these codes the efficient encoders based on approximate lower triangulations developed by Richardson-Urbanke. We identify the unique $(0,1)$-matrices, up basis change, associated with the geometry of the Lagrangian-Grassmannian variety.


The invention relates to an inverted wine outlet device of a cup dispenser. The inverted wine outlet device of the cup dispenser comprises a wine base and a wine cap, and the wine base and the wine cap are connected with the cup dispenser. The wine cap comprises a shell, a lock nut, a sliding sheet, a deformation elastic sheet, a protrusion, a rubber plug, a sealing positioning head, a wine outlet, a wine outlet channel, an inflation channel, a movable connection rod, a sealing cap and an inflation opening. The wine base comprises a substrate, an upper spigot, a lower inner hole, an upper inner hole, a centre, an air inlet hole and a wine outlet hole. The inverted wine outlet device of the cup dispenser is easy to clean, safe and reliable; for each replacement, a user just needs to simply flush the wine cap; wine can be discharged when the pressure of inert gas introduced into a bottle is close to the normal temperature atmospheric pressure; and manual pressure relief can be achieved during replacement to ensure using safety.


A numerical model of the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia was used to investigate the possibility that wind induced entrainment enhances the survival of fish which spend their early lives in the area, by supplying nitrate rich deep water to the photic zone and increasing primary productivity. Historical records of winds and Fraser River discharge were used to drive the combined GF4/MULES physical/biological model, to simulate entrainment and nitrate concentration in the upper layer of the Strait of Georgia during the months April to July, from 1970 to 1988. Using linear correlation coefficients and considering various functions of the wind speed, it was found that the square of the wind speed was correlated with both entrainment and nitrate concentration. Both correlations were found to be statistically significant at the 1% level at most of the locations and times studied. Correlations were particularly strong during times that young salmon usually enter the Strait on their migration to the ocean, resulting in the conclusion that the square of the wind speed could be used as an indicator of potential food supply to the fish. Historical wind speed records were then compared with survival data for salmon and herring in the Strait. Little correlation was found between survival rates of different species, or between wind speed and survival of any species, suggesting that there are too many other factors to allow prediction of marine survival from nitrate enhancement alone.


Abstract : This paper describes an analytical method developed with the purpose to compare the kinematic and dynamic performance of a winged configuration with respect to a wingless configuration of a tactical anti-air missile. a reference mission of the missile is firstly defined and the analytical method is built-up through the introduction of suitable assumptions and simplifications. The method is then applied to an actual missile for which wind tunnel results are available in its winged and wingless configuration. (jes)


Although many efficient high-level algorithms have been proposed for the realization of Multiple Constant Multiplications (MCM) using the fewest number of addition and subtraction operations, they do not consider the low-level implementation issues that directly affect the area, delay, and power dissipation of the MCM design. In this paper, we initially present area efficient addition and subtraction architectures used in the design of the MCM operation. Then, we propose an algorithm that searches an MCM design with the smallest area taking into account the cost of each operation at gate-level. To address the area and delay tradeoff in MCM design, the proposed algorithm is improved to find the smallest area solution under a delay constraint. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithms yield low-complexity and high-speed MCM designs with respect to those obtained by the prominent algorithms designed for the optimization of the number of operations and the optimization of area at gate-level.


The high levels of peak RF input power required for linear collider TW accelerator structures, and the need to prevent undesirable transverse momentum contributions being imparted to the beam during traversal of the linac coupler cavities, have led to the use of symmetric dual feed cylindrical cavities having diametrically opposed side wall coupling apertures. Analyses of these cavities have shown that the coupling apertures in the wall of the cavity cause azimuthal variations of the longitudinal electric field that can enhance the maximum surface gradient (and secondary electron emission) and reduce the peak power rating of the structure by 10 to 20 percent. These field variations also produce transverse gradients of longitudinal electric field amplitude and phase that can seriously degrade the beam emittance due to quadrupolar transverse momentum contributions. The racetrack shaped coupler cavity, described herein, avoids many of these undesirable features while still allowing the correct cavity match a...


Abstract : A miniaturized unambiguous direction finder with no moving parts is described. At a frequency of 1000 mc, a complete system, consisting of a two- wire spiral antenna, with cavity backing, operating in the first two radiation modes can be built into a cylinder 10 in. in diameter and 3 in. deep. Direct scaling laws apply, so that at 2000 mc, for example, the cylinder would be 5 in. in diameter and 1 1/2 in. deep. Since there are no moving parts, and printed- circuit techniques can be used, the total weight (excluding power supply and readout or display) will be less than 1/2 lb. The pattern of this antenna array gives hemispheric coverage. The output, fed into an analog device, gives a determination of the elevation and azimuth of a received signal, with no ambiguities, in the hemisphere bounded by the plane of the spiral. The processing network consists of two 3-way power dividers and a pair of hybrids, which can be mounted on the back of the cavity by using strip-line techniques. An experimental version of the system has been built and preliminary data are presented.


One of the most difficult parts of fatigue life estimation is obtaining accurate strain history data. Smart sensors and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) offer the potential of accurately monitoring the structural capacity of the rail infrastructure. The primary goal of this Innovations Deserving Exploratory Analysis (IDEA) project was to develop a prototype MEMS-based intelligent Bi-Axial Strain Transducer (BiAST) and to assess its potential for monitoring and predicting the fatigue life of rail. The BiAST simultaneously measures strains in two perpendicular directions. Preliminary field testing of the BiASTs was conducted at the Transportation Technology Center, Inc. (TTCI) in Pueblo, Colorado to evaluate their performance and ruggedness. These field tests identified several problems that must be resolved before this technology can be successfully implemented. It was very difficult to install the BiAST sensors on the rail in the field. After installation, three of the five sensors didn't work at all, and the other two performed inconsistently. The current BiAST system lacked repeatability and accuracy. Attempts to incorporate a fatigue analysis module in the sensor system were unsuccessful. Any further development of this technology for such rail applications will require investigation of the causes of, and solutions to, the problems identified in this project.


Compounds of formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof: Formula ** ** wherein: A and B taken together with the carbon atoms attached to form aryl, wherein said aryl is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from the group consisting of alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, -C (O) OR5, -OC (O) R5, -O (CH2) nC (O) OR5, - C (O) R5, -NHC (O) R5, -NR6R7, -OC (O) NR6R7 and -C (O) NR6R7; R1, R2, R3 or R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, cyano and alkoxy, wherein said alkyl or alkoxy are each substituted independently optionally with one or more groups selected from the group It is consisting of halogen, hydroxyl, alkyl and alkoxy; D, E or G each independently selected from the group consisting of nitrogen atom and C (R8); R5 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl, wherein said alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or heteroaryl is each substituted independently optionally with one or more groups selected from the group consisting alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carboxyl and alkoxycarbonyl; R6 or R7 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl, wherein said alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or heteroaryl is each substituted independently optionally with one or more groups selected from the group consisting of alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carboxyl and alkoxycarbonyl; or, R6 and R7 are taken together with the attached N atom to form heterocyclyl, wherein said heterocyclyl contains one or more heteroatoms N, O or S (O) m, and said heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected the group consisting of alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carboxyl and alkoxycarbonyl; R8 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, benzyl, -C (O) OR5, -OC (O) R5, -O (CH2) nC (O) OR5, - (CH2) nNR6R7, -C (O) R5, -NHC (O) R5, -NR6R7, -OC (O) NR6R7 and -C (O) NR6R7, wherein said alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl or benzyl is substituted each independently and optionally with one or more groups selected from the group consisting of alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, oxo, -C (O) OR5, -OC (O) R5, -O (CH2) nC (O) OR5, -C (O) R5, -NHC (O) R5, -NR6R7, -OC (O) NR6R7 and -C (O) NR6R7 ; m is selected from the group consisting of 0, 1 and 2; n is selected from the group consisting of 0, 1 and 2.


This paper is concerned with the security control problem for a class of discrete-time stochastic nonlinear systems subject to randomly occurring deception attacks. A set of Bernoulli distributed white sequences is introduced to govern the random occurrences of deception attacks. The purpose of the problem under consideration is to design a dynamic output feedback controller such that the closed-loop system achieves the desired security in probability. First of all, a theoretical framework is established for analyzing the so-called input-to-state stability in probability (ISSiP) for general discrete-time stochastic nonlinear systems. Within such a theoretical framework, some sufficient conditions are proposed to guarantee that the closed-loop system is secure. Furthermore, the main results are shown to be extendable to the case of discrete-time stochastic linear systems whose controller parameters are characterized via solving a set of matrix inequalities with a nonlinear inequality constraint. Finally, a simulation example is utilized to illustrate the usefulness of the proposed controller design scheme.


Because customers differ in their value to a firm, it becomes more important for firms to have a deeply understanding of their customer base and to identify the differences among customers; therefore, firms can target their customers with different effective customer retention strategies to build customers' loyalty. One of the key factors for a firm to make a profit is to maintain long-term relationship with customers. However, after mobile number portability been put into practice, users of mobile phones are becoming more frequently in switching telecommunication service providers. Customer switching does not only make a firm lose its customers, but also brings about costs to substitute for them. This research divides customers of telecommunication service providers into different groups; according to switching behaviors by applying mobile number portability, and using a questionnaire to conduct investigation in finding out customer's satisfaction, loyalty, involvement and switching barriers to understand the differences among customer groups. This research discovers that customer groups differ in customer's satisfaction, loyalty, involvement and switching barriers, and it affects consumer behaviors. This result provides a thorough understanding of customers for telecommunication service providers to better design marketing strategies.


A 53-year-old man was admitted to our department with a diagnosis of blind loop syndrome. He had suffered from long-standing anemia and diarrhea for 41 years. Surgery was carried out to release the blind loop.The resected specimen revealed ileal cancer arising in the blind loop of the ileum.This case of ileal cancer developing in a blind loop is considered to be very rare.


Additive Manufacturing (AM) has matured from a prototyping tool to a soft production tooling in recent years. This research elaborates the role of AM technology (3D printing) in the design, prototyping and development of a rapid thermoform tooling. The Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printer was implemented to fabricate thermoform tooling in Polypropylene Styrofoam (PPSF). We contrast the additively manufactured thermoform tooling with conventional tooling using computerized numerical control (CNC) machines. Findings showed that the additive thermoform tooling with PPSF was found to be (1) faster in development time, (2) comparable in quality and (3) lower in total cost. However, the (4) tool yield was 50% less than traditional tooling and production cycle times were 25-50% longer to allow for the additive tooling to cool. This research explores the fabrication thermoform tooling for low-volume environments using additive manufacturing (3D Printing) technology.


However, Rick Snodgrass over at ACM has also asked me to conduct these as self-standing interviews. So the interview today is basically going to be divided into three parts: the first part covering your early life and career; the second on your involvement with ACM; and then the third part on your subsequent career. Throughout the interview, I'll be trying to make some interesting connections between the different phases of your career.


: Assessment, diagnosis, and cognitive stimulation of patients with different stages of cognitive impairment, including mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease, has become a growing area of research. Recently, there has been an increase in interest in applying serious games for older people with neurodegenerative diseases. The present systematic review aims to investigate and classify serious games for detecting cognitive impairment in the elderly. In this review, searches focused on studies conducted between 2014 and 2021, of which twenty-four studies met the in-clusion criteria. In this regard, we identified a few categories for the collective classification of serious games. We chose taxonomy of five classes to classify serious games dedicated to cognitive training and diagnosis among seniors: cognitive skills, objectives, game elements, motivation, and validation. We conclude that gamified techniques prove to be a valuable complement to traditional treatments because of the increased patient engagement.


Aerosols resulting from both anthropogenic and natural sources are among the main atmospheric constituents and play a key role in atmospheric processes, acting as unknown factors in the determination of the Earth radiative balance.


Aim: This study aimed to determine the relationship between the per- ception of nursing care quality and the satisfaction level of patients hospitalized in surgical services. Method: The sample of this descriptive, correlational study comprised 224 patients who were hospitalized and had undergone surgical inter-vention. A patient information form, the Caring Behaviour Inventory-24 and the Newcastle Satisfaction Scale from Nursing Care Scale were used to collect the data. The data were evaluated by number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Mann–Whitney U Test, Kruskal–Wallis Test, and correlation analysis. Results: Of the patients, the mean age was 55.28±18.05 years, the length of hospitalization was 8.10±13.35 days, 62.5% were male, and 43.3% were primary school graduates. The care behaviors score of pati- ents was found to be 4.87 (3.95–5.37), and the nursing care satisfaction score was 71.5 (57.00-82.75). A significant positive correlation was fo- und between the total score of the patients' care scale and the total score of nursing care satisfaction (p <0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between age and educational status of patients and the total score of satisfaction, commitment, care behaviors and satisfaction total score (p <0.05). Female patients' knowledge-skills sub-dimension score was high, and there was a statistically significant difference between gender and the knowledge-skill sub-dimension (p <0.05). Conclusion: It was determined that patients' nursing care quality and nursing care satisfaction scores were high and as the total score increa-sed, the nursing care satisfaction score increased.


Recent environmental regulations introduced by the United States environmental protection agency such as the Mercury Air Toxics Standards and Hazardous Air Pollution Standards have challenged environmental particulate control equipment especially the electro-static precipitators to operate beyond their design specifications. The impact is exacerbated in power plants burning a wide range of low and high-ranking fossil fuels relying on co-benefits from upstream processes such as the selective catalytic reactor and boilers. To alleviate and mitigate the challenge, this manuscript presents the utilization of modern and novel algorithms in machine learning and artificial intelligence for improving the efficiency and performance of electrostatic precipitators reflecting a holistic approach by considering upstream processes as model parameters. In addition, the paper discusses input relevance algorithms for neural networks and random forests such as partial derivatives, input perturbation and GINI importance comparing their performance and applicability for our case study. Our approach comprises of applying random forests and neural network algorithms to an electrostatic precipitator extending the model to include upstream process parameters such as the selective catalytic reactor and the air heaters. To study variable importance differences and model generalization performance between our employed algorithms, we developed a statistical approach to compare features data distributions impact on input relevance.


"I, with a deeper instinct, choose a man who compels my strength, who makes enormous demands on me, who does not doubt my courage, or my toughness, who does not believe me naive or innocent, who has the courage to treat me like a woman." [i] Anais Nin  Woman is an epitome of flesh and trade since the emergence of human civilization. Woman is seen as a commodity and an instrument to derive pleasure and satisfy the needs of man and a natural trained domestic care-taker of complex responsibilities at home and work. During Neolithic Era, woman was treated as an equal to man. She gathered food like grains, nuts, roots and lentils and men went for hunting, barely supporting women in the agricultural fields. She made pottery and grinding the corn were some of the daily activities apart from raising her children. In Bronze Age, woman was seen as a centre figure and making her husband realize her importance either in domesticity, financial or political matters other than her daily chores at home. During Iron Age, she was skilled and talented in making earthenware vessels, taking care of food, milking the cows, making bread and cheese and drying up meat and fish under the sun. Taking care of livestock was more important task for woman during this era. In medieval age, woman had to go through a difficult phase of life. She has no freedom because of high and powerful domination of man in the society. She becomes the property of her husband after marriage and is confined to giving birth to children and a male child was regarded important and demanding; so many young wives tried and spent most of their years in delivering a male heir. But medical facilities were very poor and many women died at a very young age in childbirths. She was just like an instrument being used by man since the evolution of human kind.


Lithium sulfur batteries have a theoretical specific energy 5 times greater than current lithium ion battery standards, but suffer from the issue of lithium polysulfide dissolution. The reaction mechanisms that underlie the formation of lithium polysulfide reaction intermediates have been studied for over four decades, yet still elude researchers. Polysulfide radical anions formed during the redox processes have become a focal point of fundamental Li–S battery research. The formation of radical species has even been shown to be advantageous to the electrochemical pathways. However, whether polysulfide radical anions can form and be stabilized in common Li–S battery electrolytes that are ether-based is a point of contention in Li–S battery research. The goal of this work was to examine the presence of radical polysulfide species in ether-based solvents. Lithium polysulfide solutions in tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether and poly(ethylene oxide) are probed using a combination of ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis...


In vehicle motion planning and trajectory-tracking control with the objective of driving automation, the vehicle models are commonly linearized. The linearization is either done for specific operating conditions which limits the generality of the designed function; or for the current operating condition, that requires on-line linearization. The latter is commonly used in model predictive control (MPC) and is only valid for a short prediction horizon, as the accuracy of the linear model diminishes moving further from the linearization point. The accuracy of the linear prediction model can be increased if the linearization is performed for all the discrete steps of an initial guess reference trajectory, resulting in a linear time-varying MPC (LTV-MPC). In this paper, we compared the linear and nonlinear models of a long combination vehicle (LCV). We designed a nonlinear MPC (NMPC) for trajectory-following and off-tracking minimization of the LCV. The used model allowed coupled longitudinal and lateral dynamics together with the possibility of a combined steering, propulsion and braking control. We showed that the control actions calculated by the LTV-MPC are relatively close to the ones obtained by the NMPC, if the guess linearization trajectory is sufficiently close to the nonlinear solution. LTV-MPC allows off-line model linearization that is beneficial for real-time implantation of MPC comprising long prediction horizons. The long prediction horizons are needed for motion planning and trajectory-following of LCVs to maintain stability and tracking quality, e.g., by reducing the speed before reaching a curve, and by generating control actions within the actuators limits.


At the temperature range (273.15 to 308.15) K, the solubility of amorphous clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate (CHS) in pure 1-butanol, 2-butanol, 2-propanol, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetone, and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) were experimentally measured. The order of solubility of amorphous CHS is 1-butanol > acetone > 2-propanol > 2-butanol > methyl acetate > ethyl acetate > MTBE, which is in good agreement with the orders of CHS crystalline forms in the literature. However, the solubility of the amorphous ones is dozens of times higher than that of crystals, respectively. In addition, the modified Apelblat equation was used to correlate the temperature with the mole fraction solubility. Finally, the thermodynamic parameters were calculated by the fitting parameters of the modified Van't Hoff equation.


The research of "The Benefits of Business Law Science In Execution of the Tasks
and Authority of Attorney Conduct the Investigation and Prosecution of Corruption
Criminal Act" to reveal in more depth about the benefits of legal science more business
for prosecutors who conduct the investigation and prosecution of corruption criminal act,
particularly with regard to other criminal act in the sphere of business law such as
criminal banking, taxation, crime of capital markets, business competition criminal act,
criminal areas of intellectual property, criminal areas of including employment,
corruption criminal act, money laundering and criminal act in the scope of other law
businesses..
The research was taken place at Attorney High District Office, DKI Jakarta. This
institution saves many document to be researched, especially about the investigation and
prosecution of corruption criminal act, that evil business as background. As a secondary
data, those documents can complement existing data to be analyzed. Primary data
obtained from the results of interviews with prosecutors who never do the investigation
and prosecution of criminal corruption, particularly with regard to other criminal act in
the sphere of business law.
This research uses a normative juridical method is qualitative. This normative juridical
research refers to the legal norms that exist. Qualitative research is used to analyze data
that is retrieved, either from the results of the study library as well as the results of the
interview.
Of the results of this research found that (1) business law studies need to be
studied and understood by the Prosecutor in the investigation and prosecution of
corruption criminal acts, especially in finding the perpetrator background or �modus
operandi� of criminal corruption associated with other criminal acts in the sphere of
business law


The corrosion behaviour of mild steel was investigated in acidic acetate buffer solution using impendance and potential measurements. It was found that there are two dissolution rates resulting from the duplex nature of the formed oxides. The dissolution rates were found to depend on the dissolving acetate buffer solution pH and the dissolution temperature. In all cases, the film thickness was found to decrease with time of corrosion according to the relation C m -1 = ( C m 0 ) -1 - k d t 1/2 . It was found that addition of sulfide ions increases the dissolution rate and increases the rate of hydrogen evolution reaction but does not affect the mechanism of cathodic process. The role of sulfide ions on the corrosion behaviour of steel in acetate buffer solutions is revealed by the complex plane impendance analysis.


Our aim was to investigate the use of various digital media for different purposes in home environment and its relation to the level of school readiness, namely graphomotor skills, logical reasoning and letter knowledge in children aged 6 to 7. Children (N=92) were tested for graphomotor skills, logical reasoning and letter knowledge while their parents completed a questionnaire providing us with the data about their own and their children's access to digital media in home environment. Results show low but significant negative correlations between the time spent using a computer on weekends and the number of letters children can identify correctly, as well as between the time spent using a smartphone on weekends and children's graphomotor skills.


A procedure is given for the separation of Cr, Co, Fe, and Ni by utilizing anion exchange with HCl as an eluant. Quantitative determinations of the elements are made by standard methods. The procedure proved to be reliable and quantitative and may be used in conjunction with most alloys containing all or part of the elements. (P.C.H.)


The ever increasing necessity to improve torque density while simultaneously maintaining high efficiency is a constant point of concern for electrical machine designers. This is mainly driven by the need for direct-drive solutions in evermore applications. This paper presents a general mesh-free description of the magnetic field distribution in multiple air-gap electromagnetic machines, although the tool is also useful for single air-gap machines, actuators, and other magnetic devices. The used method is based on transfer relations and Fourier theory, which can provide the magnetic field solution for a wide class of 2-D boundary value problems. This technique is in this paper applied to the rotary multiple air-gap machine with slotless (without slots but with and without rotor back-iron) armature. The presented analysis is compared to finite-element analysis for the multiple-layer winding, which shows the applicability of this method for future optimization. It is shown that multiple air-gap machines make better use of the volume and for short axial lengths where a single-side bearing configuration can be utilized provides a means to improve the achievable torque density.


BACKGROUND
Palliative care for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a neglected aspect of nephrology. We carried out this survey to establish the current pattern of provision of palliative care for ESRD in the UK.

METHODS
An anonymous but numbered questionnaire concerning local palliative care provision was sent to clinical directors of all 69 UK renal units.

RESULTS
All the questionnaires were returned. Only 27 (39%) units employ nursing or Professions Allied to Medicine (PAM) staff with palliative care for ESRD patients as a specified part of their role. In 19 of these units, staff spend <4 h per week concerned with palliative care and only five units have staff working for >12 h a week in this role. Fifty-five (80%) units do not have a written protocol for palliative care. Anaemic ESRD patients with an expected survival of >3 months receive blood transfusion in 59 (86%) units, intravenous iron in 61 (88%) units and erythropoietin in 63 (91%) units. Only 37 (54%) units kept a record of patients seen by the unit staff but deemed not suitable for dialysis.

CONCLUSION
There is a significant variation in provision of palliative care services across the UK. In some areas, access to palliative care is restricted to patients with malignant disease, and ESRD patients are excluded.


This article outlines the mathematical model for simulation calculation of metro train operation,and presents problem decomposition to achieve the simulation process for metro train operated on the track.It also concludes an effective algorithm when metro train passing speed limited track and station stopping.


It is understandable that Chinese and foreign companies may have difference in their HR policies or practice, which may consequently impact on employees' performance and satisfaction in either positive or negative way. Job description, performance appraisal, and compensation are three major dimensions of human resource management, closely related to people's satisfaction. This study scrutinizes of the three aspects and the impact of each on employee's satisfaction with Chinese and foreign companies accordingly, to make good sense of HRM approaches and managerial strength of the two types of company. This comparison will add to companies' learning from various corporate cultures and their better understanding of local staff. The study presents also a new content or direction for comparative HRM research.


With the rapid development of science and technology and the fierce competition of talent, besides the training of intelligence quotient, the training of adversity quotient seems to be more urgent among students in universities. Sports activities play an important role in training adversity quotient, Such as improving the ability dealing with emergencies, taking an active manner under adverse circumstances. With this training the students can adapt to the competition in modern society more easily. So, the research of the role of sports teaching in improvement of adversity quotient has an active meaning.


This article presents evidence of a negative and significant relationship between the level of Social Security wealth and the labor force participation of older men. The empirical analysis utilizes a panel data set containing participation, wage, and Social Security information for cohorts defined by birth year and educational attainment from 1967 to 1996. Increases in Social Security wealth levels are found capable of explaining most of the observed decline in labor force participation rates of older men since 1967. Copyright 2003, Oxford University Press.


Background. Because computer-based simulation games are widely used in university classrooms, it is important to investigate factors which can lead to effective student team performance and positive individual outcomes. Aim. This correlational study aimed to examine the effects of knowledge sharing norms, transactive memory systems, and individual learning goal orientations on game outcomes. Method. The setting for this study was an undergraduate logistics and supply chain class. The class uses a serious simulation game which is designed to realistically mimic the business transactions within an enterprise resource planning system (ERP). Cross-sectional surveys captured individual learning goal orientations. After multiple rounds of simulation game play, subsequent surveys captured student reactions, perceptions of knowledge sharing behaviors, and transactive memory systems. Results. Two sets of analyses were conducted using a sample of 100 undergraduates performing in 42 teams. At the group-level, OLS regression results suggest that, while there was no effect on objective team performance, knowledge sharing norms enhanced perceptions of team performance, and this effect was mediated through the development of transactive memory systems. For individual-level outcomes, multilevel results suggest that knowledge sharing norms were positively related to satisfaction with the team, but not satisfaction with the task. However, transactive memory systems were positively related both satisfaction with the team and satisfaction with the task. Individual learning goal orientation was positively related to satisfaction with the task but not satisfaction with the team. Conclusion. Our findings suggest that learning goal orientations and norms for knowledge sharing are linked to positive outcomes of team-based simulation game learning activities. Because learning goal orientations are malleable and norms for knowledge sharing can be encouraged, these factors are within the influence of the instructor. As such, they should be nurtured and developed through the active encouragement of experimentation, exploration, and communication between team members.


This chapter studies how, in the study of international environmental law, business corporations are typically viewed as actors under the auspices of various regulatory regimes developed by nation-states, or recognized as having some tacit influence over the agenda setting and implementation of such regimes. This perspective might also acknowledge the limited accountability of corporations under international law. Another perspective is the business sector's initiative in shaping its own environmental agenda, often in the name of 'corporate social responsibility' (CSR). The chapter then surveys the role of corporate law and corporate governance in shaping environmental performance, and introduces the goals, mechanisms, and actors of the global CSR movement. It examines the governance of business in international environmental law, including corporate liability for wrongdoing. The chapter also looks at examples of new forms of multi-stakeholder environmental collaboration involving the business sector.


Litton Guidance & Control Systems (G&CS) is the developer and supplier of Smart Multi-Function Display (SMFD) Systems. These programs include the UH-60Q, the SH-2G, the SH-60R, the CH-60, the EH-101, and others. The SMFD meets the all-glass cockpit requirements for the SH-2G(A), the SH-60R, and the CH-60 helicopters. The basic architectures for all-glass cockpit display systems are the centralized (dumb display or video monitor) and the distributed (smart display). Litton's SMFD has the flexibility to support either of these architectures as well as others. Litton's advantage comes from deploying a display system that provides Open System Architecture (OSA) for both hardware and software. With the OSA design philosophy, Litton's SMFD is easily customized by using a set of basic hardware modules which can be configured to provide the different functionality required by each aircraft type. The OSA design philosophy also accommodates future expansion and technological developments. This paper, showing the easy adaptation of the SH-2G display to meet the SH-60R and CH-60 requirements, demonstrates the advantages of Litton's OSA design philosophy. OSA is the key to providing the mix-and- match/plug-and-play of the existing modules, which also permits future growth. It is the versatility of the OSA framework that meets the bipolar requirements of the two system architecture types.


Chaetomium globosum endo-1,4- (cid:1) -xylanase (XylCg) is distinguished from other xylanases by its high turnover rate (1,860 s (cid:2) 1 ), the highest ever reported for fungal xylanases. One conserved amino acid, W48, in the substrate binding pocket of wild-type XylCg was identified as an important residue affecting XylCg's catalytic efficiency.


An expanding closed universe filled with radiation can either recollapse or tunnel to the regime of unbounded expansion, if the cosmological constant is nonzero. We re-examine the question of particle creation during tunneling, with the purpose of resolving a long-standing controversy. Using a perturbative superspace model with a conformally coupled massless scalar field, which is known to give no particle production, we explicitly show that the breakdown of the semiclassical approximation and the ``catastrophic particle production'' claimed earlier in the literature are due to an inappropriate choice of the initial quantum state prior to the tunneling.


PRIM I T I V E man when counting household possessions such as arrowheads, wives, or mothers-in-law, used his fingers and perhaps even his toes. When his possessions became more numerous, pebbles or sticks were employed to aid his memory. Indeed the Latin word for a pebble, 'calculus', gave us the verb to calculate. The pebbles were arranged in rows along grooves on blocks of wood and from this developed the 'abacus' or counting frame of the preChristian times. The abacus dates back as far as 3,000 B.c. and was common in one form or another throughout the Mediterranean coastal region around 1,000 B.C. The first true calculating machine was devised in 1642 by the French philosopher and mathematician Blaise Pascal (1623-62) when he was only 19 years of age. He used it to assist his father, a tax collector in Rouen, with his accounts. The machine was composed of cogs, wheels and dials and could add and subtract 5 figure numbers. Almost 50 years later Gottfried Liebnitz (1646-1716) constructed a machine capable of multiplying numbers by means of a series of gear wheels. The first wholly automatic calculating machine was devised in 1812 by Charles Babbage (1791-1871) who was Professor of mathematics at Cambridge from 1828-39. Many of Babbage's ideas and projects were carefully documented by a gifted admirer of his, Augusta Ada, Countess of Lovelace (1815-52) and only daughter of Lord Byron. She had considerable mathematical talent and a firm grasp of Babbage's fundamental ideas which she was able to communicate much more effectively than he. In fact she wrote the very first computer program, for quite advanced mathematical calculations, on one of Babbage's early machines. The modern phase of automatic calculation began in 1937 with the construction of an automatic calculator at Harvard which became operational in 1944 and was called Mark I. A few years after the completion of Mark I, there appeared the first electronic computer with no moving parts; this machine, called ENIAC (Electronic numerical integrator and calculator) was developed at the University of Pennsylvania in 1946. It was based on electronic circuits and contained over 18,000 vacuum tubes. It is customary to refer to these early machines (based on vacuum tubes) as 'first generation' machines. The 'second generation' machines based on transistors, appeared in 1956 and allowed a considerable reduction in the size and power consumption of computers. In the last few years the 'third generation' of modular computers have been developed which contain a number of basic units or 'modules' which can be connected together in a series of permutations and combinations. Another vital feature of third generation machines is the use of 'microminiaturisation' typified by integrated circuits. These circuits are manufactured within one tiny piece of raw material in which are produced complete circuits with no wiring between the components. Minute silicon particles known as 'chips' (which are 0.025 in. sq.) are used as transistors and diodes on specially designed ceramic wafers t in. square. This allows enormous reduction in the size of computers.


Understanding customer's sentiment (satisfaction or dissatisfaction) is considered as valuable information for both the potential customers and restaurant authority. However, analyzing customer reviews (unstructured texts) one by one is a difficult task and also practically impossible when the number of reviews is enormous. Therefore, it seems conceivable to have a mechanism to analyze customer reviews automatically and provide the necessary information in a precise way. Here, we introduce a Natural Language Processing (NLP) based opinion mining methodology to analyze the customer opinion automatically. For that, first, a captive portal is used to collect customer's reviews. Then, the opinion mining technique is applied to analyze the reviews to explore customer sentiment about food quality, service, environment, etc. A data-driven experiment is conducted to evaluate the proposed methodology. The experiment result showed the effectiveness of the proposed method for retrieving and analyzing customer sentiment.


The invention provides a method and system for displaying panoramic video. The method comprises the steps that panoramic video data are read; viewpoint data are acquired; the panoramic video of corresponding viewpoints is rendered; the panoramic video is played. The viewpoints comprise an acquiescent viewpoint and/or a recommending viewpoint, the step of acquiring the viewpoint data can comprise the substep of viewpoint moving, and the viewpoints are moved vertically, left and right and rotatably; or, a position needed to be displayed is selected freely, or a camera of the panoramic video is selected, or various viewpoint selection requests are recognized according to gestures on a touch screen. When the panoramic video is played, all the video can be buffered at one time, or only the panoramic video data corresponding to the selected viewpoints are buffered according to the selected viewpoints. The method and system can be used for a player used for displaying the panoramic video in a mobile terminal, and therefore the experience feeling of a user is increased.


Machine vision systems routinely utilize structured light techniques for identifying the shapes of defects of the objects under inspection. The basic principle of the method is that any height difference from a reference plane causes a shift in the projection line of light either to left or right and up or down in the image plane of the recording camera. The height difference if due to a defect on an otherwise regular surface will result in a deformed light pattern corresponding to the dimensions of the defect. Moire patterns generated from this deformed light pattern can quantify the defect size, depth and shape. Existing machine vision systems use these techniques for the inspection of flat surfaces. Curved surface inspection although significant remains more or less unexplored. This paper presents the application of a TDI (Time Delay and Integration) camera for defect visualization on curved objects. The TDI operation and some applications of high speed TDI imaging will also be discussed.


An attractive, rolling landscape
from a different planet is being
shown. An attempt is made to establish
contact. Long-distance
communication is possible, albeit
with some interference on the line.
Clear contact appears impossible,
though. The static appears like a
veil that clouds the picture. ›Oops
wrong planet‹ permanently switches
between what seems possible
and impossible in terms of contact.


Considering the degree of spatial and temporal variation of groundcover in grazing land, it is desirable to use a simple and robust model to represent the spatial variation in cover in order to quantify its effect on runoff and soil loss. The purpose of the study was to test whether a two-parameter beta (β) distribution could be used to characterise cover variation in space at the sub-catchment scale. Twenty sub-catchments (area range 35.8–231 km2) in the Burnett–Mary region, Queensland, were randomly selected. Thirty raster layers of groundcover at 30-m resolution were prepared for these 20 sub-catchments with the average cover for the 30 layers ranging from 24% to 91%. Three methods were used to test the appropriateness of the β distribution for characterising the cover variation in space: (i) visual goodness-of-fit assessment and Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K-S) test; (ii) the fractional area with cover ≤53%; and (iii) estimated runoff amount for a given rainfall amount for the area with cover ≤53%. The K-S test on 30 × 100 samples of groundcover showed that the hypothesis of β distribution for groundcover could not be rejected at P = 0.05 for 97.5% of the cases. A comparison of the observed and β distributions in terms of the fractional area with cover ≤53% showed that the discrepancy was ≤8% for the 30 layers considered. A comparison in terms of the estimated runoff showed that results using the observed cover distribution and the β distribution were highly correlated (R2 range 0.91–0.98; Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency measure range 0.88–0.99). The mean absolute error of estimated runoff ranged from 0.98 to 8.10 mm and the error relative to the mean was 4–16%. The results indicated that the two-parameter β distribution can be adequately used to characterise the spatial variation of cover and to evaluate the effect of cover on runoff for these predominantly grazing catchments.


Abstract This study was conducted to analyse middle school students' perceptions of seafood as well as their eating experiences and favorite cooking methods for seafood. It also examined the frequency and use of seafood on school lunch menus. Questionnaires were distributed to 739 students in 5 middle schools in the Busan area. On a scale of 5.00, the average scores for perceptions toward seafood were as follows: 3.67 for health & nutrition, 3.53 for taste, 2.53 for smell, 2.77 for convenience. The male students had significantly_(p<0.05) higher perception scores for health & nutrition, taste, and smell than the female students. Among 38 types of seafoods, the highest percentages for eating experiences included seaweed_(99.2%), anchovies_(99.1%), fried fish paste_(98.6%), shrimp_(98.4%), crab_(98.2%), squid_(97.9%), sea mustard_(97.8%), mackerel_(97.7%), dried squid_(97.3%), and hair tail_(96.9%). However, the majority of students had eaten a limited amount of seafood. The degree of seafood intake at home was significantly_(p<0.01) higher than at school. The students' favorite cooking methods for seafood were in the order of grilling, stir-frying, steaming, deep-fat frying, and soup. However, the middle school lunch programs primarily served as soup, seasoning, stir-fried, braised, deep-fat fried, and grilled, respectively. The main reasons for leaving seafood on a plate were inconvenience due to the fishbones_(62.7%), tasteless_(45.4%), a nd disliking the smell_(35.7%). Improvemen ts that students wanted for seafood on school lunch menus included removal of fishbone for convenience_(67.0%), taste_(52.0), and increased variety of seafood types_(38.2%).


It is generally divided into two different sentence stress types in Chinese sentence,which is grammatical stress and logical stress.And because of the different research objective and background,people have different views about sentence stress and the classification of it.This paper tries to inquire into it comprehensively based on the predecessors' study and sum up a new classification.


In this paper, we present butchering and culinary practices of several different Siberian reindeer herding groups. The comparisons among these groups reveal similarities as well as few differences in the treatment of reindeer carcasses, the only subject presented in this study. The reference frame of cutmarks presented when compared to Binford's classical model, reveals the morphological variability of certain cutmarks, underlining the need for a wider sur - vey of butchery patterns in different ethnic groups. Comparisons with Paleolithic faunal assem - blages likewise reveal some differences that we try to explain.


We understand the work of an analyst as characterized by an interplay between reserved presence, interpretations and non-interpretative interventions ( m...


Magnetic tweezers are crucial for single-molecule and atomic characterization, and biomedical isolation of microparticle carriers. The trapping component of magnetic tweezing can be relying on a magnetic potential well that can confine the relevant species to a localized region. Here, we report that magnetic microparticles with tailored anisotropy can transition from localized off-axis gyration to large-area locomotion in a rotating magnetic trap. The microparticles, consisting of assemblies of magnetic cores, are observed to either rotate about its structural geometric center or gyrate about one of the magnetic cores, the switching of which can be modulated by the external field. Raising the magnetic field strength above a threshold, the particles can go beyond the traditional synchronous-rotation and asynchronous-oscillation modes, and into a scenario of large-area circular motion. This results in peculiar retrograde locomotion related to the magnetization maxima of the microparticle. Our finding suggests the important role of the microparticle's magnetic morphology in the controlled transport of microparticles and developing smart micro-actuators and micro-robot devices. Magnetic tweezing is a powerful technique to manipulate single or multiple nano/microparticles on demand1,2, to concentrate particles from surrounding media3,4, study the mechanical properties of biological samples5,6 and characterize the physical properties of single molecules and atoms7. Microscale magnetic tweezing can be reliant on magnetic potential wells represented by local maxima of magnetic fields. The gradient magnetic fields can be produced by the pole shoes of electromagnets 8,9, permanent magnets10 and any other ferromagnetic microand nanostructures11,12. The dynamic form of magnetic tweezing can leverage the spatial-temporal organization of the magnetic fields from more sophisticated electromagnets, to enable applications in magnetic resonance imaging13 and magnetic particle imaging14, and microrobotic control15,16. On the other hand, a simple form of dynamic magnetic tweezing can be constructed by a rotating permanent magnet. It has been known that such a rotating trap can drive magnetic microspheres17,18 or dimer-type structures19,20, into synchronous rotation at low frequencies and asynchronous oscillation at high frequencies when the particles cannot catch up with the pace of the rotating field. Despite the rotation transition, the range of the particles' motion is typically limited to a small area. Moreover, in conventional scenarios, the influence of the morphology of a particle on the tweezing effect is typically overlooked. Here we report that the off-axis gyration of an anisotropic microparticle can lead to large-area circular locomotion using a pair of rotating permanent magnets (Figure 1a). The microparticles are fabricated with micro-sized magnetic core (s)-polymeric shell structures with sizes comparable to that of a magnetic potential well, using a two-step microfluidic emulsification approach described previously19,21. We find that the morphology of the magnetic particles can play a crucial role in modulating the magnetic trapping point on the microparticles. The rotation center of a microparticle is observed to switch between its structural geometric center and the magnetic core center at varied trapping potential. The mechanism enables the motion stance of a microparticle to switch among synchronous off-axis gyration/symmetric rotation, asynchronous rotation, and large-area retrograde motion (Figure 1b). The motion modes can be modulated by multiple parameters, such as magnetic field gradient, strength, frequency and the magnetic architecture of the microparticles. 2 Figure 1. Tweezing anisotropic magnetic microparticles using rotating permanent magnets. (a) Schematic illustration of the experimental scenario of rotating a dual-core microparticle under a gradient magnetic field. The distance is the height of the microparticle to the magnets' plane. The speed of rotated magnets can be modulated from 0 to 1500 rpm. (b) Schematic illustration showing that a microparticle could undergo motion mode transition, including transition between symmetric rotation and off-axis gyration, and switching between off-axis gyration and large-area circular motion. The rotation centre of symmetric rotation locates at the geometry centre. The off-axis gyration has an off-axis gyrating radius. The large-area motion is hierarchical, consisting of gyration and circular revolution. A dynamic magnetic trap can be constructed from a pair of rotating magnets embedded in a stirrer device. Using a 3D Hall sensor, the distribution of the magnetic fields (denoted by three major components) of the magnets were measured (data not shown). Computational simulation (COMSOL Multiphysics) of the magnets shows that the gradient field component, ∇Bx, is represented by a dipolar-shaped pattern with local maximum and minimum (Figure 2a). This resulted in a magnetic potential well located at the center between the magnets. In a static state, the potential well, acting as a magnetic trap, attracts a magnetic particle towards its center. A comparable gradient field component along the z axis, i.e. ∇Bz, can be found to superimpose on the x-component (Figure 2b). Different from ∇Bx, the ∇Bz has a peak-like pattern and is symmetric with respect to the center of the magnets. The depth and width of the potential well can be adjusted by the distance of the microparticle's working surface from the magnets. While reducing distance, the potential well becomes deeper and narrower, indicating a stronger and more localized trapping force. This dependency suggests that when the size of a microparticle is comparable with that of the potential well, the particle can experience uneven magnetic forces. In this case, the particle's morphology may come into play and two force-equilibrium positions could be established. Specifically, a sizable particle could be trapped to the center of the potential well with its geometric center overlapping with the well center (here referring to Mode 1, as shown in Figure 2c). Alternatively, the particle could have its end trapped by the potential well, with the other end slightly off the surface, with a larger mismatch of its geometric center with the well center (here referring to Mode 2, as shown in Figure 2d).


Selenium (Se) is one of the latest chemical elements identified as a terminal electron acceptor in anaerobic respiration. Before this important discovery, Se was mainly known for its toxicity and its limited use as an essential element for microbial metabolism (Staicu et al., 2019). This study screened the presence of selenium respiratory genes/operons and the impact of selenium on the microbial community from a methanogenic anaerobic granular sludge. The inoculum was collected from a full-scale bioreactor treating dairy wastewater (Ireland). To identify the presence of selenium respiration, the following primers were designed: for selenate, SeO42- (Thauera selenatis, Bacillus selenatarsenatis SF-1) and for selenite, SeO32- (Bacillus selenitireducens MLS10). The primers were designed based on the available sequences and refined using the UniPriVal algorithm developed by our group at University of Warsaw. Apart from Se respiration, the study also investigated the change in bacterial diversity using 16S rRNA genes as a function of incubation time and exposure to selenate (with acetate as electron donor) and selenite (with lactate as e-donor). An additional focus of the study attempted to shed light into the biomineralization of elemental Se, Se0, since this process is still not fully understood (e.g. intracellular vs extracellular nucleation, growth of the particles by an Ostwald-like ripening process) (Staicu and Barton, 2017). The results indicate the high contribution of Archaea (22% - 37%) to the community of the granular sludge. The addition of 10 mM selenate/selenite did not have an impact on the Archaean community, nor did it trigger the reduction of selenate/selenite to Se0 via a known respiratory pathway. On the other hand, selenium addition did not particularly affect the community structure. There was a shift towards Bacteroidetes during the 7-day incubation period, with a high and consistent contribution of Firmicutes over Bacilli, which are putative host of selenate and selenite reductases. Furthermore, no significant Betaproteobacteria (Thauera selenatis) were identified, other putative host of selenate reductase. The biogenic Se0 particles were localized both outside and at the intracellular level, displaying polydisperse size distribution (<100-500 nm), indicative of different biomineralization mechanisms involved. Overall, this dataset indicates the reduction of selenium might be a purely detoxification process in methanogenic Archaea-dominated microbial communities, which brings into question the use of high energy-dense selenium oxyanions for respiratory purposes in certain biogeochemical conditions. Alternatively, this might emphasize the uncharted respiratory potential of selenium, since the process was reported to have diverse ecosystem distribution (Steinberg and Oremland, 1990).

Reference

Staicu LC, Barton LL (2017) Microbial metabolism of selenium – for survival or profit. In: Bioremediation of selenium contaminated wastewaters, van Hullebusch ED (Ed.), Springer, 1-31.

Staicu LC, Simon S, Guibaud G et al. (2019) Biogeochemistry of trace elements in anaerobic digesters. In: Trace elements in anaerobic biotechnologies, Fermoso FF et al. (Eds.), IWA, 23-50.

Steinberg NA, Oremland RS (1990) Dissimilatory selenate reduction potentials in a diversity of sediment types. Appl Environ Microbiol 56, 3550-57.


Objective: To evaluate the etiological and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of positive blood cultures from a university hospital in southern Brazil over a period of one year. Methods: All positive blood cultures collected from January to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, and information regarding gender and age, type of collection (peripheral/catheter), hospital sectors, isolated microorganisms, mean positivity time and antimicrobial resistance profile. Results: Of the 870 positive blood cultures, there was preponderance in males (53,0%), in adults (33,9%), in peripheral blood (65,7%) and in the Adult Intensive Care Unit (19,8%). Staphylococcus epidermidis (38,1%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (26,3%) were the prevalent microorganisms. Mean bacterial positivity time was less than 24 hours (18h 39min and 17h, Gram positive and Gram negative, respectively), and for fungi (4,7% of the total), over 48 hours (52h 26min). Staphylococcus showed significant resistance to oxacillin (S. epidermidis – 82,3% and S. hominis – 85,5%). The resistance of K. pneumoniae to carbapenems was 56,5%, to 23,2% to colistin and to 53,6% to cephalosporins. Conclusions: Resistance to methicillin/oxacillin in staphylococci coagulase, as well as that of carbapenemics, colistin, and broad spectrum cephalosporins in K. pneumoniae are of concern, as bloodstream infection is still a major source of mortality. Immediate correct antibiotic therapy impacts financially and clinical outcome, which makes epidemiological studies such as this important aid in the initiation of effective therapy and significantly increase the likelihood of patient survival, especially in this hospita


Stored microwave energy has been released using a high‐intensity electron beam switch. Experiments using this switch have produced energy compression at room temperature and pulses as short as several nanoseconds. Here we discuss the experimental results and the underlying theory.


Recent studies of host-associated microbial communities highlight how little we know about the roles played by microbial residents during infections. Historically, research on pathogenesis neglected the roles of resident communities within which most pathogens function. Indeed, many researchers eliminate the native microbial communities of their model hosts to simplify analysis of pathogens that infect them. Because interest in the involvement of those communities in host health centers largely on how they modulate host defenses, more effort is needed to address the purely microbial interactions that influence how pathogens affect those microbial communities as they also colonize their hosts.


Inspection Repair and Maintenance (IRM) of Deepwater Oil and Gas infrastructure is currently limited to the capability provided by today's work class Remotely Operated Vehicles. A significant portion of ROV operations underutilize their work capabilities for routine tasks such as inspection, survey, and light intervention and yet still require large dynamically positioned surface vessels and large, heavy deck spreads including umbilical winches and launch and recovery gear along with the associated costs of crew system maintenance and mobilization/demobilization. AUVs capabilities are emerging that permit deepwater autonomous inspection, repair and light intervention, eliminating the restrictions imposed by an ROV at a significantly lower cost to the operator by reducing support ship requirements, mobilization and demobilization costs, offshore crew size and skills, and greater inspection efficiency. Critical technological advancements include mature hover capable vehicles with sufficient energy to conduct deepwater operations, modular autonomous perception and response architecture, and new technologies such as 3D sonar, 3D lasers, and automated real time change detection. Similar to the revolution that occurred with ROVs in the '80s and '90s, AUVs are rapidly advancing in capability and will play a significant role in deepwater operations. While the specific policy implications of the Deepwater Horizon disaster are not predictable we can expect that deepwater drilling and production will require more frequent inspection and testing of subsea assets. Operating companies will be searching for cost effective and safe means of accomplishing deepwater inspections, and AUVs offer a compelling solution.


Abstract : The types, accuracies, ranges, and quantity of radiological information required at various levels of the Civil Defense organization and the RADEF information interchange among levels thought to be required are specified. The basic form of a RADEF system to minimize loss of life and/or mitigate radiation injuries at the local level is suggested. The information required is dependent upon the action options open to a local group placed at hazard from fallout (and other primary and secondary weapon effects) and their choice of the option they believe to present the least hazard. The existence of adequate communications with higher levels of the Civil Defense organization raises the likelihood of their correctly choosing the least hazardous action option. The RADEF system suggested may be used effectively in a wide spectrum of attack and hazard state situations to mitigate loss of life and severity of injuries. (Author)


Aim at a current our country the construction invested in the middle of the item an existent problem to carry on analysis, to domestic and international construction item behind evaluated a theoretical development to make to elaborate, and analyze our country behind evaluate current performance present condition of mechanism and the blemish of existence, put forward some improvement suggestions.After pointing out at the same time evaluate is the important link that constucts an indispensability in the item period, have count for much meaning to decision level and investment efficiency that raises item, at our country its development should have vaster prospect.


This thesis deals with studies of ruthenium-catalyzed hydrogen transfer reactions for oxidations and racemization.Through optimisation of the substrate-selective redox catalyst, the electron and pr ...


The study of the mammalian community structure is basic knowledge for the conservation of the group. The objective of the study was to describe the diversity of mammals in Tequila municipality, Veracruz, Mexico, using the phototramp technique. From September 2014 to April 2015, 11 phototramps were installed at 500 m from each other, to cover most of the geographic surface of the municipality. Each photocaptured mammal was identified with specialized guides and its risk category was verified in Mexican legislation and the structure of the mammalian community was described by the effective number of species. A richness of 16 species of mammals was recorded, of which eight species were rare and eight were abundant, indicating a balanced community due to the balanced proportion between carnivores, omnivores and herbivores. The study recorded three species of mammals at risk of extinction and, in addition, an endemic species from Mexico. To conserve the wealth of mammals it is necessary to implement actions to improve and enrich the habitat and a program of sustainable management of biodiversity by the indigenous society of Tequila, Veracruz.


The cross section is a significant parameter for fluorescence protein and determination of acceptor-to-donor cross section ratio for two-photon excitation in living cells is the vital issue for two-photon excitation FRET quantification. In this study, Hela cells were labeled with FPs that acceptor-to-donor concentration ratio is 1 to 1 and acceptor-to-donor cross section ratio ranged from 700nm to 960nm was obtained by emission spectral unmixing with independent excitation crosstalk correction. The results show that acceptor-to-donor cross section ratio declines with the excitation wavelength from 700nm to 790nm and then increases inversely from 790nm to 960nm. This method can quickly determine the cross section without any additional references, which could provide a powerful and convenient tool for measuring acceptor-to-donor cross section ratio by two-photon excitation in living cells.


There are not only confusion and limitation but also impulse and bud of creation in the Chinese modern literary research since the 1980s.The research will search for breakthrough of values and transformation of thinking methods in the field where the unity of opposites of globalization and nationalization continue to develop in the 21st century. Its character should be the Chinese modern nationalist literature ,and the thinking method will transform the methodology from "consciousness philosophy"to "language philosophy".