In infrared (IR) scene simulation, modelling of wave- front distortions over finite aperture is carried out to simulate the phenomenon of scintillating IR sources resulting from atmospheric turbulence. Computation time of algorithms used to model this effect has always been an important issue and for this reason there have been many previous attempts to accelerate these algorithms. In this paper, we expand on our previous work [12] to accelerate phase screen generation using field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). We were able to develop a more area time efficient phase screen generator by two means. Firstly the key computationally intensive steps of the algorithm were identified and optimized. Secondly a parallel version of the algorithm for implementation on a FPGA was developed. Our best hardware implementation manages a throughput of 13,780 32bit, 201x201 outputs (called phase screen points) per second, which is over 8x the original algorithm's implementation on a Pentium 4(2.8GHz) dual core processor.


This work introduces the theoretical approximation for computing a Magnetohydrodynamical system in 3D geometry using Non-Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium to calculate Hydrogen and Helium. Furthermore, we coupled Pakal and Newtonian Cafe model, two codes developed in C using MPI and Cactus framework. Acknowledgment: We thank the support of UNAM PAPIIT TA101920 References: Session: 1. Space Plasma Physics and Nonlinear processes in Space Geophysics Oral or Poster: Oral


Deep metric learning has been demonstrated to be highly effective in learning semantic representation and encoding data information. People are able to do similarity measurement for data, based on the embedding learned from metric learning. At the same time, variational autoencoder (VAE) has widely been used to approximate inference and proved to have a good performance for directed probabilistic models. However, for traditional VAE, the data label or feature information are intractable. Similarly, traditional representation learning approaches fail to represent many salient aspects of the data. To this end, in this project, we propose a novel structure to learn latent embedding in VAE by incorporating deep metric learning. The features are learned by a triplet loss on the mean vectors of VAE in conjunction with reconstruction loss of VAE. This approach, which we call Triplet based Variational Autoencoder (TVAE), allows us to capture more fine-grained information in the embedding. Our model is first tested on MNIST data set. A high triplet accuracy of around 95.60% is achieved while the VAE is found to perform well at the same time. We further implement our structure on Zappos50k shoe dataset [32] to show the efficacy of our method.


The present invention provides an information processing apparatus, the system determines the identity, the identity determination method and a computer program. The information processing apparatus comprising: a caption processing unit for extracting information from the subtitle represented in the content contained in the caption feature data content; caption feature amount accumulating unit, capable of identifying the identification information for the content and by the subtitle processing unit extracting from the content feature amount associated subtitles and storage; caption feature amount comparison unit, wherein the subtitle subtitle caption feature quantity stored in said accumulating unit in the feature amount to be determined amount checked so as to determine identity between subtitle caption feature quantity stored in the feature amount accumulation unit corresponding to the content and the feature amount of the caption to be determined corresponding to the content; and the collation result output unit for outputting said feature quantity caption collation result of the collating unit.


The Madrid Yearly Review provides an overview of the use, performance and developments of the Madrid system. It includes a comprehensive set of statistics for the latest available year.


Multiple Input Multiple Output-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) system is a new wireless broadband technology which has gained great popularity for its capability of high rate transmission and its robustness against multi-path fading and other channel impairments. Irrespective of the techniques being employed in wireless communication System (such as OFDM, MIMO, or MIMO-OFDM techniques) to combat the effects of the channel on the transmitted signals, the availability of the channel state information (CSI) at the receiver end of the communication system remains a crucial factor for effective functioning of these techniques as well as for the successful recovery of the transmitted signal. The major challenge faced in MIMO-OFDM systems is how to obtain the channel state information accurately and promptly for coherent detection of information symbols In this paper, Least Squares (LS) channel estimation and Discrete Prolate Spheroidal Sequences based channel estimation methods are implemented for 2x2 MIMO OFDM systems with Alamouti technique and their performance is compared. In order to improve the performance of the systems further, Adaptive Modulation concept is introduced. The simulation outcome shows that the performance of MIMO OFDM is much better than the conventional methods.


Research on Supreme Court nominations has demonstrated conclusively that senators take ideology into account when voting on nominees, with senators are more likely to vote for nominees whose ideologies are similar to their own. With few exceptions, however, studies have not examined the extent to which the effects of ideology are contingent on other factors. In this paper, I explore more fully the effects of ideology. I show that ideology does indeed play a primary role in determining votes under a wide range of conditions. However, I also show that under certain conditions - namely, when the senator is a member of the president's party - the role of ideology is more contingent than previously noted. The study thus shows the needs to more carefully disentangle the effects of party and ideology when examining confirmation votes.


Focusing on three of Dutilleux's mid to late orchestral works - "Timbres, espace, movement ou La Nuit etoile" (1978), "The Shadows of Time" (1997) and "Sur le meme accord" (2002) - this article gives insight into Henri Dutilleux's scale-defined pitch organization techniques and the role of colour in the works of the French composer. The paper questions the ambiguous relationship between tonality and modality, and asserts the previously only peripherally attested importance of modes for Dutilleux's works. An analysis of pitch organization demonstrates how Dutilleux's aesthetic and literature-inspired concepts of "progressive growing" function musically by foregrounding pivot chords or notes, and how their return reflects the idea of involuntary memory ("memo ire involuntaire") derived from Marcel Proust's "A la recherche du temps perdu".


Evolutionary differential equation discovery proved to be a tool to obtain equations with less a priori assumptions than conventional approaches, such as sparse symbolic regression over the complete possible terms library. The equation discovery field contains two independent directions. The first one is purely mathematical and concerns differentiation, the object of optimization and its relation to the functional spaces and others. The second one is dedicated purely to the optimizatioal problem statement. Both topics are worth investigating to improve the algorithm's ability to handle experimental data a more artificial intelligence way, without significant pre-processing and a priori knowledge of their nature. In the paper, we consider the prevalence of either single-objective optimization, which considers only the discrepancy between selected terms in the equation, or multi-objective optimization, which additionally takes into account the complexity of the obtained equation. The proposed comparison approach is shown on classical model examples - Burgers equation, wave equation, and Korteweg - de Vries equation.


Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS) is a rare multisystem mitochondrial disorder associated with the phenotypic triad of progressive external ophthalmoplegia, atypical pigmentary degeneration of the retina, and complete heart block. Other features include sensorineural deafness, impaired intellectual function, short stature, and endocrine and renal abnormalities, which usually present before the age of 20. Diagnostic tools have not been definitively established, but physicians have diagnosed KSS based on many modalities including laboratory findings, electrocardiogram (ECG), clinical manifestations, and muscle biopsy. In this report, we describe a patient with type I diabetes and KSS who experienced syncope in the presence of complete atrioventricular (AV) block.


The invention relates to a cement soil mixing pile device capable of switching up and down to spray slurry and a construction method. The device is improved and optimized on the basis of an original cement soil mixing pile machine. The device comprises movable hoop vanes, fixing sleeves, mixing vanes, a drill rod and slurry spraying opening groups. Upper and lower slurry spraying openings are automatically closed or opened under the action of the mechanical force of the movable hoop vanes according to different mixing directions, the lower slurry spraying opening sprays slurry when the drill rod drills downwards, and the upper slurry spraying opening sprays slurry when the drill rod is lifted. Compared with cement soil mixing pile devices and construction methods in the prior art, the cement soil mixing pile device capable of switching up and down to spray slurry and the construction method have the advantages that the mixing is uniform, the mixing efficiency is high, costs are low, the efficiency is high, the construction period is shortened, and the like.


Imine and its derivatives, serving as vital intermediates to construct N-containing heterocyclic compounds, are the highly desired products for fine chemical industry and pharmaceutical industry. W...


Hypertext systems are used for a variety of representational tasks, many that involve fairly formalized structures. Because hypertext systems are generally intended for developing informal (unstructured data) and semi-formal (semantic networks) structures, developing more formal structures can be difficult. Regular patterns in structures must often be recreated from primitive elements (individual nodes and links) resulting in a high overhead cost. In this paper we describe the Instructional Design Environment, or IDE, a hypertext system application that facilitates the rapid and accurate creation of regular network patterns in hypertext. IDE focuses on the task of instructional design, but its facilities are general and useful to many representation tasks. IDE features structure accelerators that provide simple menu interfaces to (1) define network structures out of patterns of typed node and link connections, (2) create new node types that contain structured content, and (3) tailor the interface for creating cards, links and structures to focus attention during different stages of the representation task. These mechanisms allow the user to tailor the hypertext environment to better meet his or her representational needs. We also report on the field use of IDE by instructional designers.


The Decay Heat Removal System was not used to remove decay heat following the accident at Three Mile Island Unit 2. Instead, other systems were utilized. Further, additional systems were designed to provide supplementary post-accident heat removal capability. Still other backup systems were designed, but not installed. This paper discusses post-accident cooldown, as well as means taken to provide backup cooling capability. The TMI-2 post-accident experience clearly demonstrates the wide range of options available for removing decay heat.


Methods: Ovarian cancer patients undergoing surgical resection at the Department of Oncology of the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Medical College from March 2012 to May 2016 were enrolled in this study, from which 166 cases of pathologically confirmed cancer tissues and 50 cases of adjacent normal tissues were collected. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of TUBB3, ERCC1 and P-gp in ovarian cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues, and their relationships with ovarian cancer clinical stage and grade of pathological differentiation were analyzed. Results: The expression levels of TUBB3, ERCC1 and P-gp in ovarian cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in adjacent normal tissues (p<0.05). The later the clinical stage of ovarian cancer was, the higher the expression levels of TUBB3, ERCC1 and P-gp were (p<0.05). The lower the pathological differentiation grade of ovarian cancer was, the higher the expression levels of TUBB3, ERCC1 and P-gp were (p<0.05). TUBB3, ERCC1 and P-gp were positively correlated with clinical stage and pathological differentiation grade.


Surveys were conducted to identify mite (Acari) species from cultivated plants in Kahramanmaraş, Turkey. Phytophagous and predatory mite species on vegetables and fruit trees were collected during 1997–2000. Phytophagous mites, Tetranychus turkestani (Ugarov and Nikolski) and Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisduval, were obtained from eggplant, bean, and cucumber. Predatory mites Phytoseius finitimus Ribaga and Amblyseius andersoni (Chant) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) were identified from eggplant and cucumber, respectively. Predatory mite species from mixed fruit orchards belong to the family Phytoseiidae. These species were named Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) bagdasarjani (Wainstein and Arutunjan), Euseius finlandicus Oudemans, Kampimodromus aberrans (Oudemans), Paraseiulus soleiger (Ribaga), Paraseiulus subsoleiger Wainstein, Paraseiulus triporus (Chant and Yoshida-Shaul), P. finitimus on grape, quince, walnut, mulberry, persimmon, peach, and pomegranate; Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) intercalaris (Livshitz and Kuznetzov) on fig. Typhlodromus (A.) bagdasarjani and E. finlandicus were also found on the ornamental plant Ipomoea indica (Burman) Merrill (Convolvulaceae). Tydeus californicus (Banks) (Tydeidae) was reported from an unknown host. The predatory mite, E. finlandicus was the most common phytoseiid species in orchard trees.


This essay concentrates on scientific-rationalist discourses entering massively the realm of literature at the beginning of the 20th century. They open new horizons revealing phenomena unknown before on the one side, but they also obscure the world around us providing convenient screen from painful truths on the other. This paper tries to demonstrate how technological discourses move the reader from a highly visual receptive position to a pure cognitive realm of symbolic representations with its own dynamics. The scientific-rationalist discourses produce a new parallel reality, a scientific haze tending to withdraw from visual representation. With this paper I to show how various scientific discourses, after being treated superficially by the German authors of the 19th century 1 , enter massively the realm of literature at the beginning of the 20th century, changing significantly its textual essence and the general world picture it represents. The impact of revolutionary advances in technology, industry and sciences on the life of an average citizen is enormous and could not be kept away from the literary arts any more. The changed perception and experience of city dwellers is registered in the works of modernist authors. The enormous inflation of technological vocabulary in early 20th century novels affects the perception, understanding, and judgment of a reader, and I will try to show how.


Abstract The damage which is produced in a single crystal by the excited electrons energized by a fission fragment is explained on the basis of a simple classical model. An 'average' primary electron, or delta particle, possesses a typical energy of some 80 ev and this is communicated to the lattice, first by electron/electron interactions and then by electron/phonon interactions. A critical parameter is the effective range x s traversed by a typical secondary electron, and the magnitude of x s is a function of the nature of the lattice vibrations excited. In polar crystals both polar and acoustic modes are important, but in non-polar crystals only acoustic modes need be accounted for. Optical modes are relatively unimportant. The nature of the fission fragment damage observed by electron microscopy is shown to depend also upon the rate at which the secondary electrons are produced by the primaries, on the activation energies for defect-creating and defect-migrating processes, and on whether the crystal i...


The genus Mycobacterium constitutes a large group of facultative and obligate pathogens, of which manymembers, in addition to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, cause disease in humans. The decline in the incidence oftuberculosis in the industrialized world and the development of sophisticated microbiological methods haveincreased the understanding of the clinical importance of atypical mycobacteria.


Acknowledgments This thesis is the culmination of three years of research and the support and guidance of many. First and foremost, I would like to recognize Dr. Marc S. Hendrix. Thanks to his diligent support, myself, as well as this project, have been able to grow and mature. It was Marc's generosity that enabled me to begin this research with a portion of his funding from the American Chemical Society. In addition, he always found time to assist me whether it was taking a trip to the field site or looking over thin sections. Thank you for your patience Marc. I would also like to acknowledge the other members of my committee. Dr. Jim Sears and Dr. John Donohue. Jim Sears was always ready to share his knowledge of regional tectonics with respect to the fold and thrust belt. On the other hand, Jack Donohue never failed to enlighten me on geographers' view of geologists. Although drastically different, both played an integral role in the completion of this thesis. Thank you. I would like to acknowledge the Beck Families of Garrison, Montana who granted me land use permission. Also, Dr. Don Winston and Dr. Don Hyndman who assisted me with troublesome rock and mineral identifications. Thanks as well to the whole Geology faculty and department benefactors for the McDonough Energy Scholarship, which funded the bulk of this thesis. I also want to acknowledge Janet Sedgley and the rest of the Computing and Information Systems Helpdesk for being extremely flexible with my schedule, as well as giving me the experience required to help start my career. I would like to thank the many friends I was able to make during my time in Missoula, most importantly all the past and present residents of 547 South 5* West, all geology students, and the members and extended family of the Mountain West Track Club. Thank you for sharing your lives. Lastly, I want to thank my whole family who never stopped loving or encouraging me. I know this is a long list, but it was due to all of you that I was able to succeed!


In the Encyclopedia Medica Koreana(Dongeuibogam), I have researched 245 prescriptions in which Panax Ginseng plays an important role. And I have got the following results. The healing scope and frequency of ginseng-mainly-included prescriptions are Child Part 29(11.83%), Violent Cough Part 23(9.38%)...


The amount and composition of the free fatty acids (FFA) in wheat flours from o to 476 weeks of age was studied. The FFA content increased with age in the usual manner. While there was a tendency for FFA from spring flours to contain less palmitic acid and more linoleic acid than those from winter and biscuit flours, there was no apparent relationship between FFA composition and flour strength.

The course of liberation of FFA in some flours was studied over a limited period. While no measurable amount of stearic acid was liberated, all other acids were liberated at a steady rate. These results are discussed in terms of hydrolytic enzyme action, and comment is made on their significance in practical flour technology.


Activity of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) produces symptoms that may tremendously affect patients' quality of life.1 Patientreported symptoms (PRS) are an integral part of current therapeutic strategies and clinical trials in IBD.2,3 However, there is often a disagreement between PRS of 'active' or 'flare' of disease and symptoms provoked by active intestinal inflammation. This is especially true for CD where different phenotypes are differentially associated with symptoms of active disease, whereas concurrent confounders (e.g., IBS or bacterial overgrowth) can have similar symptoms.4 Serial measurement of faecal calprotectin (FC), an objective biomarker of intestinal inflammation, serves as a reliable proxy for endoscopy in confirming active IBD, but FC may also be elevated in asymptomatic patients.5 Therefore, there is still an unmet need to identify PRS that are strong predictors of active IBD. Kulyk et al performed a prospective remote study encompassing repeated online completion of the IBDSI6 (a validated but subjective tool assessing the symptomatic activity of IBD), report of 'flares' (if needed), and serial measurements of FC for 1 year to discriminate by subjective and objective methods those PRS that are associated with active IBD.7 The results were analysed as a whole IBD group and separately by disease type and gender. As expected, a high burden of PRS was recorded during active and inactive disease. Regardless of disease type and gender, fatigue was the most prevalent and bothersome symptom across all three domains of the study— followed by urgency and an increased number of loose or liquid stools; all severely affected patients' quality of life. Unlike fatigue, urgency and diarrhoea were highly predictive symptoms in discriminating active from inactive disease. However, it is important to utilise these three symptoms concurrently during the clinical assessment of IBD patients since fatigue is provoked by urgency whereas its absence was predictive of inactive disease.7– 9


The application of ultrasonic radiation to the procedure for determining the physical properties of liquids is discussed. The basis for linking the kinetic properties of liquids to the equilibrium properties through the molecular structure and the potential of the intermolecular forces is defined. The test procedure using ultrasonic radiation is described. Results of tests with specified fluids are tabulated.


I have great respect and affection for June Clarke and Linda Bailey (news and letters October 12). I support their views that the RCN's finances need an overhaul, but scapegoating staff and their salaries is unhelpful and divisive.


A temperature sensor abnormality judgment method for an imaging device comprises the following steps: detecting the actual temperature of a photographic fixing device in the imaging device and the input voltage input to the imaging device; computing the actual temperature variation quantity of the actual temperature at the two ends of a preset period of time; comparing the detected input voltage with a predetermined voltage, comparing the computed actual temperature variation quantity with a preset first standard temperature variation quantity if the input voltage is greater than the predetermined voltage, and determining that the temperature sensor is abnormal if the actual temperature variation quantity is smaller than the first standard temperature variation quantity; comparing the computed actual temperature variation quantity with a smaller second standard temperature variation quantity if the input voltage is equal to or small than the predetermined voltage, and determining that the temperature sensor is abnormal if the actual temperature variation quantity is smaller than the second standard temperature variation quantity. The invention further provides the imaging device employing the abnormality judgment method.


Accumulation of large amount of location-specific reviews on web due to escalating popularity of Location-based Social Networking platforms like Yelp, Foursquare, Brightkite etc. in recent years, has created the opportunity to discover location-specific activities and develop myriads of location-aware activity recommendation applications. The performance and popularity of such recommendation applications greatly depend on the richness and accuracy of the back-end knowledgebase, which intern is regulated by information relevancy and redundancy issues. Existing work on activity discovery have not made any attempt to ensure relevancy and non-redundancy of discovered knowledge (i.e., location-specific activities). Moreover, majority of these work have utilized body-worn sensors, images or human GPS traces and discovered generalized activities that do not convey any location-specific knowledge.
In this thesis, we address the mentioned issues with serious concern and propose an effective solution to discover Location-specific Activity Network, in short LANet from location-aware reviews. The information network LANet serves as an accurate, enriched and unified knowledgebase of a Location-aware Activity Recommendation System. While building LANet, we also introduce novel ideas like, activity-based location similarity detection and measuring uniqueness, generality/speciality of an activity at a particular location to enrich the said knowledge base to a great extent. Experimental results show the information richness and accuracy of the proposed knowledge base which is comparable to human perception and accounts for our success in achieving the desired solution.


This paper briefly introduces the regulations and policies of WTO. Based on the features of Chinese agriculture, this paper analyzes the opportunities and challenges that china will encounter after the entry into WTO and it offers several approaches to meet them.


Objective To investigate used P VEP to diagnose CS 2 toxic retinopathy in the early.Methods 116 cases (232 eyes) who exposed to CS 2 at different levels for more than 5 years and 32 cases (64 eyes) who never exposed to CS 2 as the control were examinated with P VEP.The examinate were divided into according to the CS 2 concentration they exposed to.Results In the middle and lower groups with long time contacting with CS 2 every day,the amplitude of P 100 wave of P VEP(8.37±3.20) μV and (7.95±3.34) μV decresed progressivedly.As compared with that of the control,(9.64±3.25) μV the difference was significant ( P0.05;P0.01 ).A/L value of the middle and lower groups was decresed.Conclusion P VEP is the help to diagnose CS 2 toxic retinopathy and toxic optic neuropathy in its early stage.


The current article about execution of the Data Protection Act (DPA) proposal was sent a week before the State of New York state wide shut-down due to the globa


The importance of ego or eco? : A quantitative approach to the searched value of consuming socially responsible products: the case of Blumenau, Brazil


The process of transformation of the Polish economy, traditionally based on coal, into an economy that uses low-carbon technologies, faces a problem associated with the diversification of energy sources, especially in rural areas. The scale of the use of conventional energy carriers in households located in rural areas in Poland has a very negative impact on the natural environment. The aim of the paper is to indicate possibilities of reducing low-altitude emissions (with emitters not exceeding 40 m in height) in rural areas in Poland, through the development of renewable energy sources. This paper provides an overview of the specific character of rural areas in Poland and the development challenges faced in these areas in the investigated scope. In order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve energy efficiency, it is necessary to dynamize pro-ecological activities in agriculture and in rural areas, including the development of agricultural biogas plants, wind and photovoltaic farms. The use of renewable energy sources can be an important factor in the development and sustainable growth of rural areas in Poland.


0. Introduction: In (14), higher order operations in K-theory, called Massey products, were introduced. These were motivated by the construction, in (7), of a spectral sequence in equivariant K-theory


Abstract Principal components analysis of eight-channel data sets consisting of multitemporal LANDSAT MSS image pairs often generates higher-order principal components that are related to changes in 'brightness' and 'greenness'. This is the expected result of such analysis in a wide variety of biological and geological environments where the original imagery is intrinsically two dimensional; the two dimensions are 'brightness' and 'greenness'; and the change in land cover between images exceeds some threshold value.


A transmissibility model of a vibration isolation system composed of two air springs with connected auxiliary chambers is developed based upon the gas energy differential equation.The model describes the relationship among transmissibility,damping ratio ξ,flow coefficient ratio λ and volume ratio N of the main one to auxiliary chambers.The effects of comection between two auxiliary chambers on the vertical translation displacement y and the rotary angle θ are studied accurately,and the results show that connection of the two auxiliary chambers has no impacts on the vibration isolation performance of y;by matching λ and ξ,the ultra-low frequency vibration isolation performance of θ is improved about 30dB;by matching λ and N,this kind of performance of θ can raise 20dB but not affecting its higher-frequency vibration isolation behavior.


Copper-loaded montmorillonite was prepared using montmorillonite and copper sulphate as raw materials. The structure and characteristics of copper-loaded montmorillonite were investigated as compared to those of montmorillonite, The results show that most of the loaded copper enters into the interlayer position of montmorillonite in hydrated form by ion exchange with original metal ions, and a small fraction penetrates into the Si-O tetrahedral and Al-O octahedral micro-pores by chemical adsorption. As compared to montmorillonite, the total surface area, micro-pore surface area and micro-pore volume of copper-loaded montmorillonite are reduced, while the cation exchange capacity, external surface area, pore volume and pore diameter are increased. Absolute values of total charge, layer charge, edge charge and zeta potential of copper-loaded monlmorillonite are lower than those of montmorillonite, which indicates that the loaded copper can reduce the negative charge of clay.


We study the bound-state spectrum in a simple model of pseudo-Dirac dark matter, and examine how the rate of bound-state formation through radiative capture compares to Sommerfeld-enhanced annihilation. We use this model as an example to delineate the new features induced by the presence of a mass splitting between the dark matter and a nearly-degenerate partner, compared to the case where only a single dark-matter-like state is present. We provide a simple analytic prescription for estimating the spectrum of bound states in systems containing a mass splitting, which in turn allows characterization of the resonances due to near-zero-energy bound states, and validate this estimate both for pseudo-Dirac dark matter and for the more complex case of wino dark matter. We demonstrate that for pseudo-Dirac dark matter the capture rate into deeply bound states is, to a good approximation, simply related to the Sommerfeld enhancement factor.


People living in extreme poverty may not be able to afford donated solar home lighting systems. These systems improve quality of life but they may not lift people out of poverty. Users must participate in savings programs, maintain savings themselves, or be able to arrange credit to pay for substantial future costs, such as battery replacement. The monthly savings needed for component replacement in typical solar home systems is less than many rural households spent on candles or other lighting sources before the system was installed, reducing energy costs. However, some households cannot always afford to buy traditional lighting sources. In these cases, the solar home system may increase their energy cost burdens or force the systems to fail when components need replacement. Before implementing home lighting programs in poor communities, sponsors must realistically assess households' ability to pay the ongoing system costs necessary. If households will not be saving money by using solar lighting, the development agenda should be reviewed to determine if the provision of electricity is the most urgent need.


Release of protein from a suspension of bakers' yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) by disruption in an industrial agitator mill has been studied. Protein release on disruption in the mill is a first‐order rate process. The rate constant is dependent on at least six parameters. Increased disruption efficiency was obtained at higher agitator speeds, greater loading of bead attritive elements and lower rates of upward recycle of yeast suspension through the mill. An increase in temperature from 5 to 42°C was accompanied by a reduction in disruption efficiency of approximately 20%. With optimal values of the parameters examined the throughput of the mill is 5.32 kg/hr of soluble protein for 90% disruption.


Six models of border irrigation, viz. Jobling-Turner, Strelkoff, Walker, Jaynes, Schmitz and Ross, were applied to 57 irrigation events, the data being obtained at four field sites in south-eastern Australia. The models were evaluated for both advance and recession times by fitting a regression equation, X{p} = λ. X{o}, and calculating the coefficient of determination (R{2}) and coefficient of (C{o}). Some preliminary results of this study are discussed.


Owing to some outstanding properties, such as large surface area, strong adsorption capacity, quick carrier transmission and so on, Ti O2 nanotube arrays shows great potential applications which has become research focus in the field of photoelectric conversion, photocatalysis and other fields. Unfortunately, Ti O2 nanotube arrays have the inherent defects of Ti O2 which can be activated only by UV light of wavelength 387 nm because of its large band gap; moreover, photo-generated electrons and holes are easily to recombine, which restrict their use in practice applications. Extensive research from home and abroad have been devoted to modify Ti O2 nanotube arrays, in which definite progress have been achieved by synthetically using various means to make multivariatmodification. This paper reviews multiple modification and applications of Ti O2 nanotube arrays, and analyzes the problems might be existed and future research trends.


The efforts of micro finance institutions to improve financial profitability and attract funding from the market may not necessarily conflict with the outreach objective of empowering the poor. In fact, a better managed financially sound institution may promise a more sustainable effort toward outreach falsifying the occurrence of the trade-off between outreach and financial profitability. The study analyses the trends in financial indicators reflecting portfolio risk, financial efficiency, productivity and outreach for microfinance institutions in India. The objective of the study is to examine the association between financial performance and outreach .The MIX market data on 46 micro finance institutions for 2005 to 2014 is used for the analysis. The panel data method with fixed effect model is applied to adjust for the heterogeneity within the sector. The present study, finds no evidence of the trade-off between efficiency and outreach objectives in India. The results of the study are important for the investors and policy makers as it provides evidence that increasing outreach will not adversely affect the financial health of the micro finance institutions if they are operationally efficient and productive. Keyword: micro finance institutions, MFIs, financial indicators, profitability


Chapter 1 Introduction: Confronting Numbness Chapter 2 Chapter 1: Basic Facts about HIV/AIDS Chapter 3 Chapter 2: Ethical Foundation Chapter 4 Chapter 3: Ethics and the Beginning of Life Chapter 5 Chapter 4: Ethics and Relationships Chapter 6 Chapter 5: Ethics and the End of Life Chapter 7 Chapter 6: Ethics and Society Chapter 8 Chapter 7: Ethics and Global Structures Chapter 9 Chapter 8: Creating the Future Chapter 10 Appendix I: The Mystery of God and Suffering Chapter 11 Appendix II: Preparing Now for the Hour of Death Chapter 12 Selected Bibliography Chapter 13 Index


We analyze the outage for distributed estimation over orthogonal fading channels as a function of the number of sensors, K. We consider a scenario of fixed power per-sensor with an asymptotically large number of sensors. We characterize the scaling law of the outage and show that the outage decays faster than exponentially in the number of sensors and slower than exp(−K log K).


Electromechanical actuation is a form of actuation in which the actuator piston is driven by an electrical motor rather than a hydraulic system. The use of electromechanical actuators (EMAs) will eliminate hydraulic lines which are heavy and costly to maintain. Another benefit of EMAs is that they can regenerate energy under certain loading conditions. Typically, the regenerated energy is simply fed to resistor where it is dissipated as heat. This study explores the option of storing regenerated energy. Several storage architectures are considered, and then the optimal storage architecture is selected. This optimal architecture is compared to the dissipation architecture being used today. The dissipation and storage architectures will be evaluated based upon their volume, weight, and thermal characteristics.


Most firms tend to utilise various types of R&D collaboration partners simultaneously and partnerships between different types of partners show different properties. Thus, the effect of R&D collaboration may vary depending on partner types. This study considers four partner types: competitors, customers, suppliers and universities. It empirically examines the effect of R&D collaboration with each type of partner on product innovation, employing the Korean Innovation Survey data. Results show that R&D collaborations with customers and universities have a positive effect on product innovation, whereas R&D collaborations with suppliers and competitors have an inverted-U shape relationship with product innovation. This result can provide an explanation to the chaotic results of previous research and assist managers in selecting appropriate R&D partner.


Athletics and performance are the prominent characters in sport.Sport performance market is the vector for sport to enter the current social lives,which promotes the development of sport events and finances lots of funds.Although sport performance market has advanced a lot in China,there exist several shortcomings,such as obvious gap to whole development level,inadaptable management system,club needing strengthened construction etc.All the problems need to be settled and developed step by step.


The technical side of the man-machine system "traffic" has undergone major developments, but traffic has increased in speed and complexity, so that psychological stresses have greatly increased. Acquisition by drivers of information concerning traffic, road characteristics and vehicle movements is of vital importance, and to improve transmission of information it is essential to know the information needs, collection strategies and information effectivity. Tests were made involving systematic recording of eye and head movements and verbal reports of perception and reactions, correlated with recording of traffic environment. Use and effectivity of peripheral vision was the common denominator in field tests. Tests on drivers' ability to follow a course using only peripheral vision showed performance to be inversely proportional to angle between course and eye direction, with large individual variations. Eye movement recording, although prone to weaknesses, was found satisfactory for measurement and analysis of information acquisition. Peripheral vision can record the colour and shape of road signs, but identification of text and symbols needs practically central vision. Tests to find, by head movement recording and verbal reports, whether information collection strategy is based on abstract information or concrete environmental information showed that drivers mostly react on the basis of the latter. /TRRL/


We study the influence of technological efficiency and organizational inertia on the emergence of competition when firms decide myopically. Using an agent-based computer simulation model, we observe the competitive reaction of a former monopolist to the advent of a new competitor. While the entrant uses a new technology, the monopolist is free either to stick to his former technology or to switch to the new one. We find that?irrespective of details regarding the demand side?a change of industry leadership occurs only if the new (?disruptive?) technology is not too efficient and organizations are inert. (author's abstract)


An electron bunch length monitor will be discussed which is based on the birefringence induced by the Coulomb field of the bunch in an electro-optically active crystal that is placed in close proximity of the beam. This birefringence is used to change the polarization of an external laser probe pulse. Measurements, performed at the FELIX facility, both in sampling mode (where the 1 GHz micropulse repetition rate of the accelerator was used) and in single-shot mode, will be described. In the latter case, the laser pulse is stretched and chirped, which allows the longitudinal bunch profile to be encoded on its spectral content. Issues related to the (sub-picosecond) time resolution will be discussed.


This work proposes an analytical method to evaluate the performance of the inner-loop power control in CDMA systems. The transition of the signal power is modeled as a Markov process. By using Markov properties, the probability density function (PDF) of the transmitted signal power can be expressed by the steady-state eigenvector obtained from the Markov chain. The resulting method does not require time-consuming simulations and field measurements to evaluate the bit error rate (BER). The result also covers the influence caused by the practical implementation factors for the power control loop, such as the erroneous estimation of the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR), the power control command error, the step size, and the feedback delay of the loop. The model is validated by comparing the analytical results with simulations.


Abstract The solubilization of two perfume compounds, 2-phenylethanol (PEA) and benzyl acetate (BA), was studied by using an anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS), a nonionic surfactant (hexadecyl polyoxyethylene ether, C 16 POE 20 ), and mixed anionic-nonionic micelles (SDS/C 16 POE 20 ). In order to study the distribution of perfume compounds between the micelle and bulk phases, the solubilization equilibrium constants (distribution constant) were determined as functions of the intramicellar mole fraction of perfume compounds by using the semi-equilibrium dialysis method. The results of the present study show that (1) two or three surfactant molecules may on the average provide a location for the attachment of a PEA molecule in the single surfactant system, (2) BA molecules presumably bind somewhat more weakly to water and other polar groups in the hydrophilic group region of the single surfactant micelle, and (3) the solubilization equilibrium constants for the mixed surfactant system are smaller than predicted by linear or additive mixing rules applied to the single-component surfactant equilibrium constants, indicating that the compactness of the hydrophilic region of the mixed micelle may reduce the number of solubilization sites for the solutes in the micelle as a result of the hydrophilic interaction between the oxygen atoms of anionic surfactant and the ethylene oxide chains of nonionic surfactant.


The recent financial crisis has forced politics to overthink regulatory structures and compliance mechanisms for the financial industry. Faced with these new challenges the financial industry in turn has to reevaluate their risk assessment mechanisms. While approaches to assess financial risks, have been widely addressed, the compliance of the underlying business processes is also crucial to ensure an end-to-end traceability of the given business events. This paper presents a novel approach to predict entry times and other key performance indicators of such events in a business process. A loan application process is used as a data example to evaluate the chosen feature modellings and algorithms.


Hall resistivity ρ 21 ( T , B ) in pure crystals of Zn ( r r r ≃2.5×10 4 ) was measured when B //[0001]. Even in a field much less than magnetic breakdown field, ρ 21 ( B ) showed a considerable deviation from linearity. Below 12 K, ρ 21 ( T ) reduces rapidly to negative value with decreased T . On a sample of thickness of about 50 µm and on a sample involving more impurity ( r r r =2.5×10 3 ), the shift of ρ 21 ( T ) toward negative value with reduced temperature was negligible. These behaviors of ρ 21 ( T , B ) was explained by the anisotropic electron-phonon interaction process. Especially it was found the large effective mass of lens compared with monster played an important role on the anisotropy.


Th e geological and hydrological context of the occurrence of a rare group of spring mires (soligenous fens) in the young glacial area of Western Pomerania (Parseta River catchment, Northern Poland) has been analysed. Spring mires are located mainly in the contact zones of units with diff erent geological structure, which creates favourable conditions for the occurrence of large outfl ows of groundwater rich in calcium carbonate leached from glacigenic sediments. In selected objects (Ogartowo, Bobolice and Glodzino sites), which diff er in terms of morphology and hydrology, the biogenic-carbonate sedimentation / sedentation styles were recognised, the supply conditions of spring mires were determined, and the habitat conditions and vegetation structure are described in detail.


The identification of the biological source of edible meats available on the market is of great importance in order to guarantee a correct pricing, the observance of regulations in force, and the consumer defence. The method we have applied is based on the antibody-specific recognition of sarcoplasmic proteins from different species. Various factors, such as sex, strain, and environment, can affect the species-specific electrophoretic pattern of samples. Therefore, immunorecognition greatly improves simple electrophoretic techniques in terms of specificity and reliability. Quantification of species-specific proteins by Laurell's immunoelectrophoresis allows to identify the percentage presence of different kinds of meat in a given sample; represents a simple and reliable method for assessment and quantitative evaluation of the biological source of a meat product.


The Grosses Schauspielhaus in Berlin was a theatrical showplace in several incarnations. The building itself was initially a great market situated near the Spree River in the center of Berlin. In the latter part of the nineteenth century it was converted to an enormous circus which drew crowds to see outstanding exhibitions of horsemanship and other circus acts. It also served as a great meeting hall for such events as Robert Koch's international congress dealing with tuberculosis in 1890. The large amphitheatre in the huge building was a symbol of the growing population of Berlin and its increasing prosperity. The history of the various uses to which the theatre was put in the twentieth century is an important reflection of the changes in German society in this period. During the time of the Third Reich it was an important element in culture and propaganda under the direction of Dr. Joseph Goebbels. This paper will analyze the unusual architecture of the theatre and the productions of several plays which were important during the Third Reich.


AM is a rapidly developing methodology of competitive revitalization for the manufacturing sector of the American economy. AM seeks to integrate and synthesize many concepts and theories which have, when implemented in virtual isolation, provided some promise of competitive advantage. A significant dilemma for AM, however, is that few tangible tools have been provided to manufacturers that would help to manage the flow of information necessary during the transition to agility. The role of artificial intelligence (AI) in manufacturing is a subject of critical importance to efficient and effective information management. The subset of AI with the greatest potential to make a significant contribution to the management of information is knowledge-based systems (KBS), the focal point of the research discussed in this paper. The KBS described here, AMCHECK, aims to provide guidance as enterprises make the transition to agile manufacturing. AMCHECK uses an innovative integration of two problem-solving methodologies, structured matching and candidate evaluation, that enables the system to process both qualitative and quantitative data.


BioSAXS, the collection and interpretation of small angle X-ray scattering data of biological macromolecules such as proteins or nucleic acids in solution, provides a wealth of information on their shape and structure. ESRF BM29 is a SAXS beamline dedicated to the structural biology community, routinely offering two experimental modes: i) Automated measurement of individual concentrations using a sample changer and ii) online size exclusion chromatography (SEC-SAXS). In both modes, data reduction, primary analysis and basic modelling are fully automated, providing even non-expert users with rapid feedback on their experiments. To allow even more automated screening of conditions, we recently developed a SAXS-compatible droplet microfluidics setup that allows automated variation of buffer parameters, in nanoliter-sized micro-reactors. First proof-of-principle experiments on the structure factor of lysozyme and crystallisation of glucose isomerase proofed the usefulness of this approach [1]. To facilitate the collection of high quality SAXS data on dynamic systems, we extended the SEC-SAXS principle to gradient elution chromatography techniques, such as ion exchange chromatography (IEC) or nickel affinity chromatography. Although the uncertainty in the background correction increases to a certain extent, these techniques allow the preparation of monodisperse states at comparatively high macromolecular concentrations. Both techniques have been successfully applied to user projects [2]. These developments are accompanied by the development of ExiSAXS, an improved version of the user interface for ISPyB database. This is a joint development among several sites in Europe.


Sūrat al-Aḥzāb is generally considered to be of Medinah origin. No information is available regarding the date that the origin was revealed during the Prophet's ten years in Medinah. Based on previous biographical references and narrative-based classic exegeses, this study conducts a general assessment of the time of revelation of Sūrat al-Aḥzāb and attempts to date the verses and verse groups by establishing a connection between the verses in the sūrahs and the riwāyahs in these verses and a method of inference (discourse analysis). Given the historical data, it is presumably said that the chapter al-Aḥzāb was revealed, not at once but in different groups, in AH 5 within a few months, and all verses of the surah pertain to the incidents of this period. The occasions of revelation of al-Aḥzāb involved plans by external polytheist groups and inside collaborators. This study concludes that, especially the ḥijāb verse and verses that are aimed at his wives, which tell them not to go out and make an appearance as in the Days of Ignorance and to wear garments that will make them recognizable when going out, seek to prevent and obviate the smear campaign against the Prophet Muḥammad, particularly with regard to his marriage with Zaynab and generally about his family and wives.


Summary

The probiotic activity of two bacterial strains, Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus plantarum, isolated from common carp intestines was studied using antagonistic tests in vitro against Yersinia ruckeri. Randomly assigned to triplicate groups were 450 rainbow trout (mean weight, 20 ± 3 g) fed three different diets: a commercial feed, or the same feed incorporated into either 5 × 107 CFU g−1 of L. casei or L. plantarum. After a 30-day feeding trial, 30 fish in each group were challenged with Yersinia ruckeri by intraperitoneal injection. Growth parameters were significantly increased in both treatment groups. Immune parameters such as lysozyme activity, alternative complement activity and total immunoglobulin level were significantly higher in the L. casei group than in fish fed the control diet, while no significant differences were revealed between the L. plantarum and control groups. Mortality rates of fish fed L. casei and L. plantarum were lower than in fish fed the control diet after challenging with Y. ruckeri.


Markup languages, representations, schemas, and tools have significantly increased the ability for organizations to share their information. Languages, such as the Extensible Markup Language (XML), provide a vehicle for organizations to represent information in a common, machine-interpretable format. Although these approaches facilitate the collaboration and integration of inter-organizational information, the reality is that the schema representations behind these languages are reasonably difficult to learn, and automated schema integration (without semantics or ontology mappings) is currently an open problem. In this paper, we introduce an architecture and service-oriented infrastructure to facilitate organizational collaboration that combines the push features of the publish/subscribe protocol with storage of distributed registry capabilities.


The paper critically reviews the development strategy that is embodied in the "eight aims" of the national plan enuciated for the development of post-independent economy of Papua New Guniea (PNG). An algebraic exposition of the semi-input-output criterion is the applied to identify the attractiveness of tradable sectors that qualify for further grooming on the basis of their comparative advantage in trade. The semi-input criterion is also applied for project appraisal and its mechanics are demonstrated using the palm oil project as a case study. The key sectors of the PNG economy using dominant linkage and spread effects are identified as potential candidates for development in the framework of the semi-input-output methodology.


$^{a}$L . P. Giver, F. P. J. Valero, D. Goorvitch, F. S. Bonomo, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B1, 715 (1984). (PNNL is operated for the US Department of Energy by the Battelle Memorial Institute under contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830).


An optical fluoride probe was fabricated based on Microstructured Polymer Optical Fibers(MPOFs)modified by morin-Al complex doped silica gel films.The structure of this probe was based on microstructured polymer optical fibers with microholes and these microholes could be used as the substrate of sensing materials and minor reaction pools.The deposition of sensing layer was realized by a sol-gel process.When the sol doped with morin-Al was inhaled into the optical fiber,the sensing layer was formed on the inner wall.Furthermore,the trace liquid could be hold in the MPOF,and the process of sensing were carried out in the microholes of MPOF.The sensing process was undertaken based on fluorescence process,and the sensing probe shows different fluorescence intensities to different fluoride ion concentrations in the aqueous solution,for the fluoride ion has a stronger queeching effect to the morin-Al in gel matrix.Experimental results show that the range of response is 5-50 mmol/L under the condition of pH in 4.6.


Aleksashenko, Sergey, Putin's Counterrevolution. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2018, xxiiþ 325pp., $37.99 p/b. Balci, Bayram, Islam in Central Asia and the Caucasus Since the Fall of the Soviet Union. London: Hurst & Company, 2018, ixþ 248pp., £45.00 h/b. Breyfogle, Nicholas B. (ed.), Eurasian Environments. Nature and Ecology in Imperial Russian and Soviet History. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2018, xxþ 401pp., $34.95 p/b. Goeckel, Robert F., Soviet Religious Policy in Estonia and Latvia. Playing Harmony in the Singing Revolution. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2018, xiiiþ 256pp., $35.00 p/b. Moses, Alfred H., Bucharest Diary. Romania's Journey from Darkness to Light. An American Ambassador's Memoir. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2018, xxiþ 394pp., £24.95/$29.99 h/b. Piatkowski, Marcin, Europe's Growth Champion. Insights from the Economic Rise of Poland. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018, xxvþ 364pp., £65.00 h/b. Pula, Besnik, Globalization Under & After Socialism. The Evolution of Transnational Capital in Central & Eastern Europe. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2018, 258pp., $65.00 h/b. Rimmington, Anthony, Stalin's Secret Weapon. The Origins of Soviet Biological Warfare. London: Hurst & Company, 2018, xivþ 262pp., £30.00 h/b. Schl€ogel, Karl, Ukraine. A Nation on the Borderland. London: Reaktion Books, 2018, 287pp., £18.00 h/b. Zeller, Manfred, Sport and Society in the Soviet Union. The Politics of Football After Stalin. London & New York, NY: I.B. Tauris, 2018, xxþ 300pp., £75.00 h/b.


An effort is made to evaluate the multifractal properties of malaria cases in India from 1980 to 2014. The possible changes in these properties in a global warming scenario (during 2014–2049) are also quantified. The malaria cases for this purpose are derived from the VECTRI dynamical malaria model, which uses rainfall and temperature data of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 models for the historical and SSP5–8.5 projection scenario, respectively. It is found that the generalized Hurst exponent h (q) and multifractal spectrum width Δα are strongly nonlinear decreasing functions of order q, thus confirming the multifractal nature (and heterogeneous distribution) of the malaria cases in India. The multifractal spectrum of the malaria cases exhibits right-tailed nature along with high inter-model variability, suggesting that the time series under consideration are fine scale and highly complex in nature. The multifractal spectrum width and change in singularity dimension are used to quantify the strength of multifractality for the historical and future projection scenario. It is demonstrated that the strength of multifractality of malaria cases is likely to decrease with an increase in greenhouse gas concentration, which may be happening due to a persistent increase in malaria cases in India as a result of global warming.


Hydrogen combustion accompanied by core damage is one of realistic challenges to the containment integrity as it was demonstrated in the Fukushima Daiichi accident. In order to perform appropriate accident management actions under such circumstance, it is important to accurately predict the local gas distribution in the containment. Since thermal stratification limits gas mixing, it has been the objectives of several research projects organized by the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) [1, 2]. At the same time, the capability of the Lumped Parameter (LP) and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) codes in the area of containment thermal hydraulics and atmospheric gas/steam distribution has been assessed through various benchmarks including the international standard problems. TOSQAN, MISTRA and THAI experiments which were carried out as parts of the ISP-47 exercise showed that thermal stratification was established after injection of hot helium, steam or air. The LP codes, which are currently the main tools for containment thermalhydraulic analysis, showed the spread of the results about gas temperature and concentration profiles due to user effects and some limitations in the applied simplified model description. The authors suggested 'a common international activity to perform generic plant application exercise to study nodalisation effects, impact of steam and light gas injection etc. based on a generic (probably simplified) PWR containment.' [2] An integrated leakage rate test (ILRT) of the containment, performed to validate the assumptions taken for the calculations of the offsite consequence following a reactor accident, could provide useful information that may partly meet the purposes suggested as above. In this study, we examined the thermal stratification phenomena during an ILRT performed at a CANDU 6 plant in Korea, and then simulated them using the MELCOR 1.8.6 code [3, 4] and the plant input model developed by the Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety (KINS) [5, 6, 7, 8].


The faith-action relationship, which is one of the basic subjects of Islamic Theology basically is the problem that anyone who believer after he has committed a cardinal sin whether or not still carrying that qualification. Firstly, this subject is viewed as a problem to be deal with from different perspectives. From this aspect, this subject could both be limited to certain scholar's view or a movement's perspective or could be studied in respect to a defined historical period. Thus, this title within the study imposes a framework or restriction about the study itself. This framework and limitation not only defines the methodology and content of the study but also requires working on the problem from theological and linguistic perspective. In this study, the approach of Shams al-Din al-Samarqandi who is one of the important scholars of the Mâturidiyyah tradition in the Transoxania (Mâwarâ'al-Nahr) region, about problem of the faith-action relationship is handled by considering both their own approaches and also alternative approaches.


antidumping is now an EU-wide policy, so it is clearly an EU issue rather than just a member state issue. I suspect this lack of procedural regularity is actually part of a larger problem in the EU of the lack of fairness and openness of EU administrative procedures. This lack of procedural regularity affects everything from environmental decisions to antitrust decisions, and it adversely affects both EU companies and those from outside the EU. Perhaps a kind of generic administrative procedures act should be put in place by the EU for all kinds of practice before the European Commission and its agencies, including antidumping. In any event, as antidumping proliferates to developing countries, open and nonpoliticized antidumping procedures in industrialized regions such as the EU become terribly important. And as I say, that is what WTO rules provide for, so perhaps the way the EU administers its antidumping law will be tested in disputes settlement.


The structure of nuclei of even number of nucleons is investigated in the boson-dynamic correlation model where valence-particle-excitation as well as core-excitation modes coexist. The model is nonperturbative and does not employ effective operators. The eigenstates of the model are the self-consistent solution of a set of nonlinear dynamical equations, which represents valence-particle pairs dressed by their interactions with the nuclear medium. The model is applied to medium mass as well as light nuclei. Our study of 18O reveals that the inclusion and the nonperturbative treatment of core excitations are the principal reasons for obtaining a correct ordering of the energy levels, a more complete spectrum and a much better agreement with the experimental low-lying as well as high-lying states than other published calculations. Our study of light nuclei 6He and 6Li shows that the halo formation in these nuclei is also a consequence of the excitation of the core protons and that halo can also be associated with valence proton–neutron pairs. The calculated matter distributions of these two nuclei reproduce well the differential cross sections obtained in proton elastic scattering experiments. The cluster-factorization method that expedites nonperturbative calculations is elucidated.


Background: Infectious diseases have been hypothesised to increase the risk of dementia. However, the evidence is sparse, captures only a limited range of infectious diseases, and relies on short follow-up periods. We assessed a wide range of severe (hospital-treated) bacterial and viral infections and their subtypes as risk factors for dementia in three large cohorts followed up for almost two decades and replicated the main findings in the UK Biobank. Methods: For primary analysis, we pooled individual-level data from three prospective cohort studies with a median follow up of 19 years (from 1986-2005 to 2012-2016) and a total of 273 125 dementia-free community-dwelling participants. The replication analysis with the UK Biobank was based on 492 146 individuals (median follow-up 9.0 years from 2006-2010 to 2018). We ascertained exposure to infectious diseases and their subtypes before dementia onset using linked records from national hospital inpatient registers. Incident dementia was identified from linked hospital inpatient and outpatient records, medication reimbursement entitlements, and death certificates. Findings: In the primary analysis based on 5.3 million person-years at risk, 88 099 participants had a hospital-treated infection before dementia onset and 3064 developed dementia. Gram-negative bacterial infections (hazard ratio [HR] 1.64; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.25-2.14) and herpesvirus infections (HR 1.96; 95% CI 1.31-2.93) were robustly associated with an increased risk of dementia. For these infections, the relative risk of dementia remained similar when reverse causation and ascertainment biases were minimised by assessing only new dementia cases that occurred more than 10 years after the infection, and when comorbidities and potential confounders were considered. The associations were replicated in the UK Biobank with stronger relations observed for vascular dementia than Alzheimer's disease. In contrast to gram-negative bacterial and herpesvirus infections, the hazard ratio for all bacterial infections combined attenuated from 1.60 (95% CI 1.48-1.72) to 1.27 (95% CI 1.14-1.41) when bias was minimised. For all viral infections, the corresponding attenuation was from HR 1.63 (95% CI 1.32-2.00) to 1.19 (95% CI 0.87-1.62). Interpretation: Gram-negative bacterial infections and herpesvirus infections were associated with a moderately increased risk of dementia both in the short- and long-term. Hospital-treated bacterial and viral infections in general had only modest long-term associations with incident dementia.


of the statistics of the rainfall received at 269 locations throughout Queensland over the last 90 - 100 years. It is printed on A4 bond paper from camera-ready copy and has a soft cover. The general layout is good with stations being listed in both alphabetical and latitudinal and longitudinal position. One page is allocated per station. A seven-page


We report observations of space-group-forbidden Bragg reflections in Potassium (KH2PO4), at the potassium K edge. We find clear evidence for a transition from one class of space-group-forbidden reflections, where scattering is ruled out by the electric dipole approximation, to a second class, in the ferroelectric phase, where scattering can proceed due to resonant anisotropy within the dipole approximation. The change of symmetry is clearly evidenced by the sudden change of intensity and energy spectrum of the forbidden reflections.


We present the results of astrometic observations of H2O masers associated with the star forming region G192.16-3.84 with the VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry (VERA). The H2O masers seem to be associated with two young stellar objects (YSOs) separated by \sim1200 AU as reported in previous observations. In the present observations, we successfully detected an annual parallax of 0.66 \pm 0.04 mas for the H2 O masers, which corresponds to a distance to G192.16-3.84 of D = 1.52 \pm 0.08 kpc from the Sun. The determined distance is shorter than the estimated kinematic distance. Using the annual parallax distance and the estimated parameters of the millimeter continuum emission, we estimate the mass of the disk plus circumstellar cloud in the southern young stellar object to be 10.0+4.3M\cdot. We also estimate the galactocentric distance and the peculiar motion -3.6 of G192.16-3.84, relative to a circular Galactic rotation: R\star = 9.99 \pm 0.08 kpc, Z\star = -0.10 \pm 0.01 kpc, and (U\star,V\star,W\star)=(-2.8\pm1.0,-10.5\pm0.3,4.9\pm2.7)[kms-1]respectively. The peculiar motion of G192.16-3.84 is within that typically found in recent VLBI astrometric results. The angular distribution and three-dimensional velocity field of H2O maser features associated with the northern YSO indicate the existence of a bipolar outflow with a major axis along the northeast-southwest direction.


Abstract A Tesla disc turbine and a flexible test rig have been designed and manufactured, and experimental results are presented. An analysis of the performance and efficiency of the disc turbine is carried out. The design philosophy of the flexible test rig has been explained. Various complementary methods of measurement have been implemented and compared, and several operational experiences have been noted. A new simple method, the angular acceleration method, for measuring output torque and power in a Tesla turbine has been developed. This proved to be a successful method for overcoming the difficulties associated with the determination of very low torque at very high angular speed.


Due to the innovations in Mobile technologies, Gestures play an important role for the Authentication in the mobile devices. With increasing popularity of the Authentications, the security risks are also growing and that is evident in the incidents of UnAuthentication in terms of various kinds. Therefore it is essential to have a mobile based Authentication system for security. Gestures allow users to interact with your app by manipulating the screen objects you provide. Security systems are rapidly being developed, as well as solutions such as remote control systems. However, even with these solutions, major problems could still result after a mobile device is lost. In this thesis, we present our upgraded Lock Screen system, which is able to support authentication for the user's convenience and provide a good security system for smartphones. We also suggest an upgraded authentication system for Android smartphones.


One kind of corner device (10), the corner device having a main body for carrying information or decorative pattern on the upper surface (12) and the positioning structure (14) extending from one end of the body. The positioning structure for the corner device prior to attaching the article to the corners means that the positioning and alignment relative to the article. The positioning structure shaped to receive a staple legs on both sides thereof. The apparatus further comprises a folding region, a rear region of the folding edges is adapted to the device has been attached to the article, so that the body can be folded over positioning structure, so as to display the information or decorative pattern.


A 28-year-old male backpacker was admitted due to fever (38.4°C). He had returned from Laos (a 6-day trip) 10 days before admission. In Vang Vieng, he enjoyed "river tubing" (rafting on a tire inner tube). His spleen was palpable and his bulbar conjunctivae were congested (Pictures 1, 2). Laboratory tests revealed a total bilirubin level of 1.7 mg/ dL, a serum creatinine level of 1.2 mg/dL, proteinuria and hematuria. We suspected that he was suffering from leptospirosis and initiated treatment with penicillin G at a dose of 1.5 million U administered intravenously every six hours. On the 3rd day, the patient was afebrile, and was therefore discharged with a 3-day course of oral azithromycin (500 mg once a day). Microscopic agglutination tests with paired serum showed elevation of the antibody titers (Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Poi: <1:10 to 1:80, L. interrogans serovar Kremastos: 1:20 to 1:160). Leptospirosis is endemic in Southeast Asian countries (1). Clinicians should pay attention to conjunctival suffusion and a history of exposure to fresh water in febrile travelers.


This article presents psychological analysis of the healthy person and sick person concepts that are typical for healthy people. The author considers these concepts to be a part of selfconsciousness and a component of identity. The analysis is based on the ideas of health as activity and social demand, the rate of optimism concerning the possibility to preserve your health and rely on healthcare system, retrospection of «I`m healthy» and «I`m sick»-experience, the role of identification with a healthy person in the identity pattern. The author distinguishes the types of attitude to a sick person and a disease. The importance of trust towards healthcare system and optimistic attitude to health are emphasized. The results can add to the contents of internal image of health concept.


The evaluation of the lung by ultrasound is an adjunct tool to the
clinical assessment. Among different hallmarks at lung ultrasound,
B-lines are well known artifacts which are not correlated to
identifiable structures but can be used as an instrument for
pathological classification. Multiple B-lines are the sonographic sign
of lung interstitial syndrome with a direct correlation between the
number of B-lines and the severity of the interstitial involvement of
lung disease. In neonatology and paediatrics, the quantitative
assessment of B-lines is questionable as opposed to in adult medical
care. Counting B-lines is an attempt to enrich the clinical assessment
and clinical information, and not simply arrive at a dichotomous answer.
A semiquantitative or quantitative B-lines assessment was shown to
correlate with fluid overload and demonstrated prognostic implications
in specific neonatal and paediatric conditions. In neonatology, the
count of B-lines is used to predict the need for admission in neonatal
intensive care unit and the need for exogenous surfactant treatment. In
paediatrics, the B-lines count has the role of quantifying hypervolemia
in infants and children receiving dialysis. B-lines as predictors of
length of stay in the paediatric intensive care unit after cardiac
surgery, as a marker of disease severity in bronchiolitis, or as an
indicator of lung involvement from SARS-CoV-2 infection are speculative
and not yet supported by solid evidence. Lung ultrasound with the
quantitative B-lines assessment is promising. The current evidence
allows to use the quantification of B-lines in a limited number of
neonatal and paediatric diseases.


Limonicola hoguei sp. n. is named from Argentina, province Jujuy, and all life stages are described. A lectotype is designated for Paltostoma saltana Edwards and the previously unknown male, pupa and first instar larva are described from new specimens from Tucumán province.


Opinion Mining is the processing textual contents from on-line discussions in order to highlight the opinions of net surfers. In the process, the identification of the comments through a model and a formalism which encompass the methods and the data is critical step. Unfortunately, this step is generally neglected in most of the Sentiment analyses studies. The objective of this article is to address this challenging issue of modeling News comments. The relevance of such a study is to enable easy data collection and to avoid the algorithmic complexity of sentiment analysis methods.


Through integrating seismic data,borehole information,and a prior geologic knowledge organically, the article discusses the prediction method of reservoir parameter in order to reveal internal details and vertical-lateral variation features of reservoir .With the fusion of Artificial Neural Networks and simulated annealing arithmetic,we can solve the question of nonlinear optimization and obtain complicated relation of seismic information and reservoir parameter. It will supply intuitionistic and reliable stratigraphic parameter profiles,i.e.porosity,sand-shale content,hydrous saturation,and permeation profiles,etc., for geologist to do reservoir characteristic description and reservoir lateral prediction .


The development of a complete theory of the relationship between the data concerning single impacts of electrons on gas molecules (or atoms) and the average properties of electron swarms in gases, of which the Townsend coefficient of ionization is one, is beset with grave difficulties, It is ideally possible to predict this relationship from a knowledge of the scattering of individual electrons in collision; there are, however, neither sufficient data available from scattering experiments nor is the corresponding theory of scattering adequately developed. The method of discussing the experimental data to be developed in this paper does not go so deeply into the problem. For the particular case of ionization by electron impact it attempts to find what auxiliary data are necessary to reveal the inter-relation between certain average properties of electron swarms in gases, and their relation to data concerning single impacts between electrons and gas molecules (or atoms) which result in ionization. It is found that the only auxiliary data necessary for this purpose are those describing the electron velocity distribution in the swarm for which the average properties have been measured.


Existing efforts on query interface design focus on single user and result in isolated information seeking process. In this research, we propose to design a collaborative browsing interface in which human users can easily retrieve information and identify people who have similar interests to ask for help, thereby enabling collaborative exploration on complex information space. In this paper, we present the issues and approaches of designing a collaborative browsing interface. Preliminary implementation experiences are also presented and discussed. These results provide system designers with guidelines of constructing query interfaces and demonstrate how query interfaces influence the performance of decision making.


Hydrogeomorphic processes strongly influence riparian vegetation, but few studies have determined the influence of knickpoint development on these processes. We investigate the influence of knickpoint development and channel incision on flood inundation, channel morphology, and riparian vegetation on the Fremont River in Utah. We conducted topographic surveys (n = 30 transects) and plot‐based vegetation surveys (n = 336) in three 1 km‐long reaches with varying proximities to a human‐created knickpoint. We also developed 1D hydraulic models to assess flood inundation patterns. Our data indicate that knickpoint development affects riparian vegetation composition and abundance through its influence on geomorphic and hydrologic processes. The study reach located just upstream of the knickpoint (R2) had a deeper channel, flooded less frequently, and required higher flows to inundate the floodplain compared to the study reach located 5 km upstream of the knickpoint (R1). Overall mean vegetation abundance (percent cover) was higher in R1 (55.7%) than in R2 (30.1%), and R1 had more occurrences of wet‐adapted (facultative wetland and obligate) species than R2 (198 and 79, respectively). Vegetation in the human‐created abandoned meander reach near the knickpoint (R4) was predominantly dry‐adapted (upland) species. Cross‐reach comparisons and more than 3 m of incision in the knickzone since knickpoint creation indicate that knickpoint development has resulted in channel incision in R2, shifting its vegetation toward more dry‐adapted species reminiscent of the surrounding uplands. This work informs natural resource management practices for habitat in riparian ecosystems and can be applied to rivers in drier regions.


The angular correlation of internally produced electron-positron pairs has been measured in the γ-transitions of several light nuclei. The measured correlation functions are compared with the theoretically predicted values and other information regarding the multipole character of the transitions.


Objective To understand HIV infection of men who have sex with men(MSMs) in Ningxia,and estimate the annual HIV incidence of MSMs.Methods 400 samples from national pilot work of HIV/AIDS comprehensive prevention and care among MSMs in 2011 were tested to find HIV-1 seropositive samples.BED HIV-1 IgG capture enzyme immunoassay(BED-CEIA) was used to find recent HIV-1 infections in HIV-1 seropositive samples and the annual HIV-1 incidence of MSMs was estimated.Results The HIV-1 infection incidence was 3.75%,and the recent infection rate was 33.33% in the men who had been tested the HIV.The corrected annual HIV-1 incidence was 2.48%(95% CI: 0.31%~4.66%) among MSMs.Conclusion BED-CEIA is an appropriate approach to be used in sentinel MSM population and other populations,and it offers valuable information for the development of HIV/AIDS control strategy by estimating recent infections and controlling potential deviations.


Selective reflection from sodium, potassium, rubidium, and caesium vapors in the neighborhood of the resonance lines was observed for vapor pressures between 10 mm. and 1 atm., using a steel tube with a window of transparent magnesium oxide. Reflecting power as a function of frequency was measured by using incident light of continuous spectral distribution. The reflection contour for pressures up to ½ atm. is in good agreement with the theory of reflection from an absorbing medium. For each line the damping constant in the dispersion equations varies as the square root of the number of atoms per cubic centimeter, as was found previously for mercury and cadmium. For the two members of the resonance doublet the damping constants are proportional to the square roots of the oscillator strengths. In a region about 5 cm.−1 wide about each resonance frequency the reflected intensity measured experimentally is greater than that calculated. These lines of residual intensity may be due to a second kind of selective...


This policy brief has been produced within the project The Impact of Participation: mapping and developing the scope, forms and impacts of the communicative turn in urban planning (TIPTOP) (Medborg ...


In this paper, the wavelet transform is used to analyze the QAR data, and the self-encoder and clustering algorithm in machine learning are used to extract and classify the hidden features of pilot operation effectively. More than 1000 sets of QAR data were collected from an airline, and the feasibility of the proposed method was verified by real flight data. The results show that the method combining wavelet analysis and machine learning can analyze and evaluate the flight operation data in the landing stage.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of arranging fine components, by which flat fine components can be arranged on a substrate in a prescribed direction in a self-aligning way. SOLUTION: In this method of arranging fine components, the substrate having one or more recessed sections opened and formed on its upper surface is put in a fluid, and the fine components are arranged in a self-aligning way by scattering the components from above the substrate so that the components may be housed individually in the recessed sections. A GaAs block 101 constituting one of the fine components is composed of a flat plate-shaped block having no inversion symmetry, and the recessed section 115 of an Si substrate 111 is opened to fit the planar shape of the block 101. COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO


Metallothermic reductions have been extensively studied in the field of extractive metallurgy. At Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), we have developed a molten-salt based reduction process using lithium. This process was originally developed to reduce actinide oxides present in spent nuclear fuel. Preliminary thermodynamic considerations indicate that this process has the potential to be adapted for the extraction of other metals. The reduction is carried out at 650 C in a molten-salt (LiCl) medium. Lithium oxide (Li{sub 2}O), produced during the reduction of the actinide oxides, dissolves in the molten salt. At the end of the reduction step, the lithium is regenerated from the salt by an electrowinning process. The lithium and the salt from the electrowinning are then reused for reduction of the next batch of oxide fuel. The process cycle has been successfully demonstrated on an engineering scale in a specially designed pyroprocessing facility. This paper discusses the applicability of lithium in molten-salt reduction processes with specific reference to our process. Results are presented from our work on actinide oxides to highlight the role of lithium and its effect on process variables in these molten-salt based reduction processes.


This paper sheds light on the participation of Sudanese women in the elections of 2010. It employs the concept of qualitative participation to indicate the real value for women's voices reflecting their political consciousness. The participation of women in public life has strong cultural bases; it is a key factor in defining the roles of women in society. Considering that the Sudanese community draws most of it is cultural values from African and Arab patriarchal cultures, the qualitative political participation of women becomes very difficult to interpret. It is linked to factors caused by the collective mind, on one hand, and patriarchy, on the other hand. To analyze this complex, this paper uses literature and observation as methodological tools. The paper concludes that women's political participation and votes should not be analyzed from a numerical perspective only; it is important to consider women's actual will in voting, and to consider that men hold power over women in the political sphere, which may influence women to vote for particular people.


In this paper, a fuzzy neural network controller for regulating demand-side thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) is designed with the aim of stabilizing the frequency of the smart grid. Specifically, the balance between power supply and demand is achieved by tracking the automatic generation control (AGC) signal in an electric power system. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) and error back propagation (BP) algorithms are used to optimize the control parameters and consequently reduce the tracking errors. The fuzzy neural network can be applied to solve load control problems in power systems, since its self-learning and associative storage functions can deal with the highly nonlinear relationship between input and output. Simulation results show the advantage of the fuzzy neural network control scheme in terms of frequency regulation error and consumer comfort.


This paper deals with the impact of Romania's accession to the UE on the companies in the textile sector. At the moment of the EU accession and in the following period, the Romanian economic environment will be subject to a number of modifications that will most definitely affect the textile industry as well as the companies involved in this field.


Sparse representation technology has a wide range of applications in the field of SAR image target recognition. However, when the number of target images that can be acquired is small and only the target dual a priori information is known, the recognition performance obtained by this technique is degraded. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a SAR image target recognition method based on the dual-recognition feature local constraint coding sparse representation. Firstly, the paper constructs a new objective function, which introduces local constraint terms between samples and discriminates sparse coding error terms while considering image sparse reconstruction. Secondly, iterative optimization strategy is used to complete sparse coding. On the basis of the use of the gradient descent method to achieve online learning of the dictionary. The algorithm is verified by the MSTAR data measured in the United States. The simulation results show that the proposed method can obtain better recognition results and is a feasible method.


The review of the monograph of the Russian historian M.V. Bryantsev "Lenin and his successors: Essays on ideas of the 1920s Soviet people" (Bryansk, Novyi proekt publ., 2018, 120 p.) reviews specific issues of studying ideas of the Soviet periphery on the leaders of the 1917 revolution. The author has introduced into scientific use a wide array of documents from central and regional archives of Russia and the Republic of Belarus in order to study views of contemporaries of the 1920s events on the struggle for power and on the role of the individual in political history. The author points out prospects of further research into the influence of ideological structures of the ruling party over mass consciousness. He argues the need for a closer study of regional features of political environment, in which the political preferences of various social groups were formed. The authors of the review conclude that M.V. Bryantsev monograph demonstrates close attention to studying ideas of the people from the Russian periphery; it draws on fonds of the Russian State Archive of Economy, as well as state archives of the Bryansk, Orel, Smolensk, Kaluga regions and the State Archive of Public Organizations of the Gomel Region (Belarus). The authors of the review note that, while information potential of regional archives remains mostly untapped, M.V. Bryantsev has seen its value and, having systematically studied the fonds of state agencies and public organizations, as well as personal provenance sources, he has prepared an insightful scientific work. They are sure that the monograph shall be eagerly sought by scholars and experts interested in controversial social and political processes that had determined the fate of the country in the 20th century.


We present our recent progress in developing a two-photon lensless endoscope based on ultrathin multicore fiber and wavefront shaping. We discuss the field-of-view extension, intrinsic group delay compensation and bending compensation in such devices with the aim of imaging the deep brain with minimal invasion.


In order to solve the problem of selection of the center cover,this paper combines fitness function of the genetic algorithm with covering algorithm,and presents an improvement on neighborhood covering algorithm.Most samples are covered,and fitness function is designed.Decision weights are calculated by using neural networks and sensitivity of the method of combining.Experiments show this algorithm which searches the best coverage center in the sample space,ensures that the coverage is stable,and the number is less.