The paper explains the operational controls, emergency procedures, and ventilation at the major sub-estuarial road tunnels in Great Britain, with particular reference to the dartford tunnel which forms part of the recently completed m25 London orbital motorway. This has led to a major increase in traffic using the dartford tunnel, and to a consequential review of all operating and emergency procedures. The control of the ventilation has also been critically examined, new air monitoring equipment installed and a major refurbishment carried out on the ventilation equipment of the first tunnel. The second part of the paper describes restrictions applied to dangerous goods at British toll tunnels, with particular reference to the application and enforcement of the restrictions at both the tyne and dartford tunnels. These are then compared with restrictions at other tunnels in the United Kingdom and abroad.(a)


In this paper we present an automatic Keyphrase extraction technique for English documents of scientific domain. The devised algorithm uses n-gram filtration technique, which filters sophisticated n-grams {1dnd4} along with their weight from the words of input document. To develop n-gram filtration technique, we have used (1) LZ78 data compression based technique, (2) a simple refinement step, (3) A simple Pattern Filtration algorithm and, (4) a term weighting scheme. In term weighting scheme, we have introduced the importance of position of sentence (where given phrase occurs first) in document and position of phrase in sentence for documents of scientific domain (which is literally more organized than other domains). The entire system is based upon statistical observations, simple grammatical facts, heuristics, and lexical information of English language. We remark that the devised system does not require a learning phase. Our experimental results with publically available text dataset, shows that the devised system is comparable with other known algorithms.


Summary. This article develops a weighted least squares version of Levene's test of homogeneity of variance for a general design, available both for univariate and multivariate situations. When the design is balanced, the univariate and two common multivariate test statistics turn out to be proportional to the corresponding ordinary least squares test statistics obtained from an analysis of variance of the absolute values of the standardized mean‐based residuals from the original analysis of the data. The constant of proportionality is simply a design‐dependent multiplier (which does not necessarily tend to unity). Explicit results are presented for randomized block and Latin square designs and are illustrated for factorial treatment designs and split‐plot experiments. The distribution of the univariate test statistic is close to a standard F‐distribution, although it can be slightly underdispersed. For a complex design, the test assesses homogeneity of variance across blocks, treatments, or treatment factors and offers an objective interpretation of residual plots.


This study aimed to evaluate different packaging strategies to extend the shelf life of a freeze‐dried formulation of the biocontrol agent Pantoea agglomerans strain CPA‐2.


A technology that has shifted the entire paradigm of computer applications during the last decade is undoubtedly, the Blockchain technology. The purpose of inventing Blockchain was to develop a technology in which data is immutable, confidential and located on a de-centralized network. This technology was first used to build a cryptocurrency application, which is just one of many applications developed using Blockchain technology. Since, most of the emphasis has been on the money and finance related services, now the vertical industries have also started to implement Blockchain. This study contributes to review the opportunities of using Blockchain technology in vertical industries.


Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma [1]. Currently, R-CHOP, a combination of immunotherapy (R; rituximab) and chemotherapy (CHOP; cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone), remains the most commonly used regimen for newly diagnosed DLBCLs. DLBCL is an aggressive disease and up to one-third of patients ultimately become refractory to initial therapy or relapse after treatment [2]. The high mortality rate highlights the urgent need for novel therapeutic approaches based upon selective molecular targets. Changes in the chemical composition during tumoral development and treatment response were studied with a combination of in vivo DLBCL xenograft models and mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), providing information regarding analyte composition and molecular distributions of therapy resistant and sensitive areas. Luminescent human DLBCL cell lines were xenografted into immune-deficient mice. Tumoral development was followed and quantified based on their luminescent signal using an in vivo imaging system (IVIS) Lumina II (Caliper Life Science). A RapifleX MALDI-TOF Tissuetyper instrument (Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Bremen, Germany) was used for high speed imaging at a spatial resolution of 100 μm. An Orbitrap Elite Hybrid Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Bremen, Germany) was additionally used to confirm the molecular identity of the lipids and metabolites. After MSI analysis, the tissues were H&E stained for co-registration with histology. FlexImaging v4.1 (Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Bremen, Germany) and SCiLS Lab 2016b (SCiLS GmbH, Bremen, Germany) were used to process the data acquired with the Bruker RapifleX. Thermo Xcalibur 3.0.63 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Bremen, Germany) was used to analyze the orbitrap data. Principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were performed using an in-house built ChemomeTricks toolbox for MATLAB version 2014a (The MathWorks, Natick, USA). Differences between the lipidomic profiles of the untreated and relapsed DLBCL have been found, revealing distinctive signatures of lipids in R-CHOP resistant lymphoma cells. Intra-tumor heterogeneity was especially relevant in the relapsed tumors. In particular, necrotic areas were only present in some of the relapsed tumors. The score plot projections show that it is possible to discriminate between both conditions based on the metabolite data. Lipids are also ionized and thus contributing to this discrimination. Therefore, a more specific protocol for metabolite extraction will give more information on the metabolic differences. Further research is needed to validate these differences and to investigate the biology causing these changes. 1. Siegel, R.L., K.D. Miller, and A. Jemal, Cancer statistics, 2016. CA Cancer J Clin, 2016. 66(1): p. 7-30. 2. Roschewski, M., L.M. Staudt, and W.H. Wilson, Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma-treatment approaches in the molecular era. Nat Rev Clin Oncol, 2014. 11(1): p. 12-23.


Introduction Chapter One Tending to the Flock: Clint Eastwood, Ambivalent Wanderer Chapter Two Daniel Day-Lewis and the Frontier in American History Chapter Three Equal Work: The Mystique of Meryl Streep Chapter Four Denzel Washington, Affirmative Actor Chapter Five Team Player: Tom Hanks, Company Man Chapter Six The Brave One: Jodie Foster, American Loner Index


Carbonates are one of the most important group of minerals that fix phosphates in soils. Magnesium and silicon are known to reduce the P fixation of calcite. The effect of Mg and Si addition on P sorption-desorption of a mixture of 90% clay and 10% calcite was studied. The mixtures were montmorillonite-calcite (Mont-CaCO 3 ), palygorskite-calcite (Pal-CaCO 3 ), and sepiolite-calcite (Sep-CaCO 3 ). Concentrations of 0.0, 5.0, and 10.0 mg L -1 of dissolved Mg or Si were introduced into P sorbing systems. The chemical speciation of P sorption solutions was predicted using the SOILCHEM computer program. Desorption of sorbed P on different samples was studied in successive extractions with 0.01 M KCI. The P sorption of Mont-CaCO 3 , Pal-CaCO 3 , and CaCO 3 were similar ( 10 cmol kg -1 ). Addition of 10.0 mg L -1 Mg or Si sharply reduced the P sorption of calcite to <1 cmol kg -1 , while it induced only a 20% reduction in P sorption of the mixtures. Magnesium and silicon treatments increased the desorption of sorbed P. The Sep-CaCO 3 mixture showed a P sorption 60% lower than that of pure CaCO 3 . The desorption of sorbed P by Sep-CaCO 3 was far above that of other clay-CaCO 3 combinations. Addition of Mg and Si inhibited the formation of Ca-phosphates, which would otherwise make major contributions to P retention in all samples used in this study. Phosphate sorbed by silicate clays was the second major fraction of retained P, limiting the effects of Mg and Si treatments. As a slow release source of Mg and Si, sepiolite increased the desorption of P sorbed by CaCO 3 . This has an important implication for P availability in arid soils containing sepiolite. This mineral may be mixed thoroughly with commercial P fertilizers before P application into soil.


Very little literature exists in supporting the assessment and management of cystic fibrosis related arthritis (CFA) particularly in paediatric and adolescent cases.

 A 12 year-old male with cystic fibrosis (CF) was admitted via A&E with severe joint pain that was thought to be associated with a respiratory infection and was treated accordingly. Repeated exacerbations of joint disease occurred every 1-2 months, lasting approximately 1 week with significant joint pain, stiffness, and reduced function.
 The patient did not feel his exacerbations of CFA were related to his respiratory symptoms, admitting he under reported arthritis symptoms to avoid being admitted for IV antibiotics. Initial rheumatology review resulted in treatment with IV antibiotics and piroxicam. Flares continued, prompting his CF physiotherapist and multidisciplinary team to seek further specialist review for his now longstanding symptoms. He scored 16 out of 50 on the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) with a visual analogue score (VAS) of 46 out of 100.
 At 16 years old he was seen by an MSK physiotherapy and rheumatology team working within a wider CF team. He had a 4 year history of symmetrical joint pain affecting knees, wrists and hands, on a background of bronchiectasis with previous non-tuberculous mycobacteria infection, cystic fibrosis related diabetes, and poor nutrition.
 He reported some episodes being so bad he was unable to get out of bed, and struggling with the stairs at college. He had 6 swollen and 8 tender joints including wrists, MCPs and knees. Ultrasound imaging of the wrists and hands showed confirmed active synovitis with grade 3 greyscale changes and grade 2 power Doppler. Hydroxychloroquine was commenced with naproxen as required, and wrist splints were provided.

 At follow-up he reported significant symptomatic improvement with occasional minor stiffness in wrists and knees which responded quickly to naproxen and was no longer limiting his activities. Repeat ultrasound confirmed improvement with no active power Doppler, but some ongoing grade 1 greyscale changes and a small wrist effusion. He has returned to previous function with an MPQ score of 0, and VAS of 10 out of 100. He reported improved quality of life due to reduced pain and fewer, shorter, and more manageable exacerbations.

 Specialist review and commencement on disease modifying anti-rheumatic medication helped to manage CFA in this case. All cases of suspected CFA should be referred for specialist rheumatology opinion. CF physiotherapists are in an excellent position to identify cases and empowering the multidisciplinary team has been vital in this case.
 Further trials are required to investigate optimal management of CFA, but it seems likely that directly addressing the arthritis with disease modifying therapy may play an important role.

 The authors declare no conflicts of interest.


Neisseria meningitidis (N. meningitidis) is a Gram-negative bacterium that often colonizes the nasopharynx of healthy individuals. Less frequently, N. meningitidis causes disseminated disease through invasion of the bloodstream and, in some, the central nervous system, in the presence of facilitating environmental factors, genetic susceptibility, and higher virulence clonal complexes. An intact complement system is essential to prevent meningococcal infection since defence against N. meningitidis requires both functioning classical and alternative pathways and an unimpaired membrane attack complex. Inherited deficiencies of the alternative and terminal complement pathways highly predispose to invasive, often recurrent meningococcal infections, particularly by uncommon serogroups. In fact, in patients with terminal complement deficiency, a 7000to 10 000-fold increase in the risk of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) has been described. We report a case of complement fraction C6 deficiency diagnosed after a single meningitis event by meningococcus serogroup Y. Case Report


OBJECTIVE:To study the expression of Soluble interleukin-2 receptor (SIL-2R) and Estrogen receptor(ER) in patients with thyroid carcinoma. METHODS: Expresion of ER were detected by immunohistochemistry SP method in 50 cases of thyroid papillary carcinoma and 20 cases of follicular carcinoma and 10 cases marrow shape carcinoma.RESULTS: The SIL-2R level in patients with thyroid carcinoma were (118.20±43.50) pmol/L obviously higher than thyroid node group (50.28±12.28) pmol/L and normal control group(49.2±13.32 ) pmol/L; Serum SIL-2R level in 20 day after operation was drop to normal; There was no significant difference between thyroid carcinoma and pathological; The expression positive rate of ER in papilla shape were 67.3% obviously higher than that thyroid carcinoma of follicle (40.0%) and normal control (8.0%);The expression positive rate in primary thyroid carcinoma were 74.2% significantly highter than that in cases of recurrence (20.0%); The expression positive rate in cases without lymph node metastasis were 68.5%,highter than that in cases with lymph metastasis (46.6%). CONCLUSIONS: These suggest that there is clinical significance for distinguishing thyroid benign disease from malignant,evaluating curative effect and prognosis by measuring expression SIL-2R and ER.


Our first summer holiday club really took off, so we're planning to run more out-of-school childcare, say Nicola Bushell and Hayley Cannell, joint managers of Oakey Dokeys Pre-School in Essex


Macrophagic myofasciitis (MMF) is a rare disorder, reported mainly in European adults, with occasional childhood cases. We report a series of 6 patients with pediatric MMF from the Indian subcontinent.


This paper presents a study on the blind separation of a convoluted mixture of speech signals using Frequency Domain Independent Component Analysis (FDICA) algorithm based on the negentropy maximization of Time Frequency Series of Speech (TFSS). The comparative studies on the negentropy approximation of TFSS using generalized Higher Order Statistics (HOS) of different nonquadratic, nonlinear functions are presented. A new nonlinear function based on the statistical modeling of TFSS by exponential power functions has also been proposed. The estimation of standard error and bias, obtained using the sequential delete-one jackknifing method, in the approximation of negentropy of TFSS by different nonlinear functions along with their signal separation performance indicate the superlative power of the exponential-power-based nonlinear function. The proposed nonlinear function has been found to speed-up convergence with slight improvement in the separation quality under reverberant conditions.


Report on the observation inventory requirements, database schema and queryable fields to be adopted during the project. The observation inventory will be based on GCI Information, DAB, and Copernicus services catalogues.


Museum curators, academics, and hobbyists have been considering the problem of conserving software since the mid-1980s, perhaps earlier. The technical problem of software preservation, however, is only one of the problems that needs to be considered; we also need to consider why one should want to save software and what needs to be saved.


Lactic dehydrogenase, although widely distributed in most tissues, was more highly concentrated in skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, kidney and liver. Isoenzyme patterns showed a selective concentration of LDH5 in skeletal muscle while in the heart LDH 1 and 2 were predominant. In contrast, creatine kinase was only present in substantial concentration in skeletal and cardiac muscle. The serum concentrationof both enzymes showed a wide range of activity.


Colorectal polyps, which are associated with colorectal cancer, can be detected using a colonoscopy. Using the data from colonoscopy images to segment polyps is crucial in medical practice because it provides critical data for identification and surgery. However, precise segmentation of polyps is difficult due to the following factors: the polyp-bordering mucosa boundary is not sharp, and polyps of the same type differ in texture, size, and color. We propose to use the DeepLabV3+ architecture for image segmentation for medical purposes by examining its segmentation results on colonoscopy images from the datasets Kvasir and CVC-ClinicDB. DeepLabV3+ generates an F1-score of 0.865 for CVC-ClinicDB on an NVIDIA A100 class Cloud-Based GPU. The model is divided into the following parts: an encoder that performs separable convolution on the input map and a decoder that up-samples the data provided by the encoder using transpose convolution. Our approach significantly enhances segmentation accuracy and offers a number of benefits with respect to generality and real-time segmentation efficiency, according to evaluations done quantitatively and qualitatively on the two datasets.


Introduction: the temporomandibular joint disorder, are disturbances of complex etiology that seeks very frequently many patients, being the principals procedures employed to treat as a palliative way these patients, the injection of intra-articular corticosteroid or sodium hyaluronate.


This paper describes a new technique, called the Hilbert Vibration Decomposition method, dedicated to decomposition of non-stationary wideband dynamic signals. Using the Hilbert transform in the time domain, we extract a number of elementary oscillating components of the initial signal, who's both the instantaneous frequency and envelope can vary in time. Modeling examples of decomposition of non-stationary signals are included.Copyright © 2008 by ASME


Educators internationally including those working with children with exceptionalities, are recognizing the importance of sociocultural theory and the role played by Lev S. Vygotsky. This article introduces some of his major contributions through an examination of his methodological approach, which differs from traditional Western approaches in a number of ways. Vygotsky used a dialectical approach to analyze the way that symbol and tool use among early humans led to more complex social interactions and to the development of human consciousness. His investigations provide a methodological approach and a theoretical foundation for understanding the unique developmental paths of children with special needs, and they suggest pedagogical approaches designed to meet these special needs.


Objective To investigate the practical significance of less intense and lower cost protocol to cure children with non-high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL)in developing countries such as in China.Methods Under the circumstances of informed consent,parents of 52 children(40 males,12 femalse,aged from 1 to 14 years old) with newly diagnosed ALL from May 1999 to Sep.2006,decided whether to accept less intense and lower cost protocol for the treatment of their children.The long term treatment outcome of the protocol was estimated by the method Kaplan-Meier,and the data of hospitalization cost was obtained from the case record department.Results Children accepted the protocol from low income families.Three children failed to induce.Two of them were non-remission,the other one gave up the treatment when the course of treatment was not over.The complete remission rate was 94.2%.For the patients with non-high-risk ALL,the 4 years and 7 years possibility event-free survi-val(pEFS) were 72.8% and 67.2%,4 years and 7 years possibility disease-free survival(pDFS) were 74.3% and 68.6%,respectively.The median impatient chemotherapy cost was 32 000 yuan(23 000-51 000 yuan).Conclusions This trial shows that less intense protocol appears to achieve a reasonable EFS and DFS for childhood non-high-risk ALL with a much lower cost.This will be especially important in areas with low family income.


By using cerium sulfate as catalyst,isobutyrate acid and n-butanol reacted to form flavor butyl isobutyrate.Factors influencing the yield were discussed.That conclueded amount of catalyst,reaction time,mole ratio of alcohol to acid,different carrying water agents and repeated uses.Experimental results showed that the catalyst.The best conditions were isobutyrate acid 0.2 mol,mole ratio of alcohol to acid 1.2,the catalyst 1.0 g,benzene 5 mL and reaction time 60 min,the yield could reach 94.8%.It was the efficient,economic and environmental friendly catalyst.


We have investigated the electrical coupling in a 3D monolithic NOR gate structure using TCAD simulation. The electrical coupling of 3D monolithic NOR gate can be caused by the transistor located in the upper/lower or diagonal transistors. The drain current of the upper layer NMOSFET is the same when the voltage of PgateB is 0 V and 1 V. It has been confirmed that the electrical coupling in the diagonal direction does not affect the device characteristics.


We provide eigenvalue intervals for symmetric saddle point and regularized saddle point matrices in the case where the (1,1) block may be indefinite. These generalize known results for the definite (1,1) case. We also study the spectral properties of the equivalent augmented formulation, which is an alternative to explicitly dealing with the indefinite (1,1) block. Such an analysis may be used to assess the convergence of suitable Krylov subspace methods. We conclude with spectral analyses of the effects of common block-diagonal preconditioners.


This paper represents the third part of a research work dealing with the integration of economic efficiency and equity considered as a no-envy concept. Specifically, I examine here the problem of reduction of the malicious envy in a cultural evolutionary context. In fact, both in the case of weak envy where an individual - through action is satisfied with minimum or even absent positive pay-offs in order to see the envied person deprived of the goods which he lacks, and when a situation is characterized by strong envy where the agent is even prepared to harm himself in order to worsen the position of the envied, the feeling of malicious envy turns out to be detrimental to society. Therefore, the problem of minimizing this kind of envy becomes a crucial issue in assuring an economic welfare for the society as a whole. I explore the possible contribution of group selection in the achievement of altruism which I reckon here as the true opposite of malicious envy as far as the degree of sociality is concerned. Then, I discuss the relationship among individual pre-disposition or personal attitude, cultural evolution (Boyd and Richerson's conformist transmission) and achievement of altruism considered as a form of ultrasociality according to Wilson and Sober's group selection (Simpson paradox) in the process of reduction of the malicious envy.


BACKGROUND
Lymphatic filariasis continues to be one of the major health problems in tropical and subtropical countries despite the use of standard drugs diethylcarbamazine and ivermectin because they are microfilaricides with poor or no activity on adult parasites. Therefore, new leads with activity on adult parasites are highly desirable.

OBJECTIVE
Anti-filarial lead optimization by semi-synthetic modification of glycyrrhetinic acid (GA).

METHODS
The GA was first converted into 3-O-acyl derivative, which was further converted into 12 amide derivatives. All these derivatives were assessed for their antifilarial potential by parasite motility assay. The binding affinity of active GA derivatives on trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (Bm-TPP) was assessed by molecular docking studies.

RESULTS
Among 15 GA derivatives, GAD-2, GAD-3, and GAD-4 were found more potent than the GA and standard drug DEC. These derivatives reduced the motility of Brugia malayi adult worms by up to 74% while the GA and DEC reduced only up to 49%. Further, GA and most of its derivatives exhibited two times more reduction in MTT assay when compared to the standard drug DEC. These derivatives also showed 100% reduction of microfilariae and good interactions with Bm-TPP protein.

CONCLUSION
The present study suggests that 3-O-acyl and linear chain amide derivatives of glycyrrhetinic acid may be potent leads against B. malayi microfilariae and adult worms. These results may be of great help in developing QSAR model for optimizing a new class of antifilarial lead from a very common, inexpensive, and non toxic natural product.


Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) has been increasingly used in recent years due to its purported construction of a middle path between case-oriented and variable-oriented methods. Despite its popularity, a key element of the method has been criticized for possibly not distinguishing random from real patterns in data, rendering its usefulness questionable. Critics of the method suggest a straightforward technique to test whether QCA will return a configuration when given random data. We adapt this technique to determine the probability that a given QCA application would return a random result. This assessment can be used as a hypothesis test for QCA, with an interpretation similar to a p-value. Using repeated applications of QCA to randomly-generated data, we first show that generally, the tendency for QCA to return spurious results is attenuated by using reasonable consistency score and configurational N thresholds; however, this varies considerably according to the basic structure of the data. Second, we suggest an application-specific assessment of QCA results, illustrated using the case of Tea Party rallies in Florida. This method, which we coin the Bootstrapped Robustness Assessment for QCA (baQCA), can provide researchers with recommendations for consistency score and configurational N thresholds.


Objective: To investigate the relationship between atopy and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SoJIA) children and its impact on the prognosis of the disease. Methods: The clinical data of 39 SoJIA children were collected including atopy, MP infection and course characteristics; RT-PCR method was performed to detect expression levels of IL-17, Foxp3, MDR-1 and MRP-1 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells; Flow cytometry was applied to analyze peripheral blood lymphocytes ratio discharging daunorubicin. Results: MP infection rate is significantly higher in SoJIA children with atopy (X2=11.7986, p=0.0006); nonmonophasic disease ratio in MP+Atopy+ group, MP+Atopygroup and MP-Atopy+ group were significantly higher than MP-Atopygroup (X2=14.4026, p=0.0024). The mRNA expression levels of IL-17 and MDR-1 in Atopy+ group and MP+ group were significantly higher than MP-Atopygroup, Atopygroup, MPgroup and the normal control group; moreover, levels of IL-17 and MDR-1 in MP+Atopy+ group were significantly higher than MP-Atopygroup and normal control group (F=5.1016, P=0.0001; F=16.4463, P=0.0000; respectively). In contrast, Foxp3 mRNA expression in Atopy+ group, MP+ group were significantly lower than MP-Atopygroup, MPgroup, Atopygroup and the normal control group, also expression of Foxp3 in MP+Atopy+ group was significantly lower than MP-Atopygroup and the normal control group (F=11.8421, P=0.0000). The ratio of lymphocytes capable of discharging daunorubicin in MP+Atopy+ group is significantly higher than the MP-Atopy-group (t=2.5399, p=0.0164). Conclusion: There are close relations among SoJIA children complicated with atopy and MP infection and Th17/Treg cells imbalance. SoJIA children merged atopy or MP infection may promote Th17 cell proliferation and increase IL-17 expression resulting in the aggravation of an autoimmune reaction, subsequently induce SoJIA children resistance by upregulating the expression of the multidrug resistance gene MDR-1, maybe these two aspects eventually lead to SoJIA children with poor prognosis.


A mathematical investigation of the eigenvalue problems for elastic bodies including surface stresses is presented. Weak setup of the problems is based on the Rayleigh variational principle. Certain spectral properties are established for the problems under consideration. In particular, bounds for the eigenfrequencies of an elastic body with surface stresses are presented. These bounds demonstrate increases in both the rigidity of the body and of the eigenfrequencies over those of the body with surface stresses neglected.


In a recently reported method, the molecular density is partitioned in minimally deformed atomic contributions, which are expanded in spherical harmonics times radial factors. Here we use this representation to express the electrostatic potential of the molecule, the force on its nuclei, and the conformational variations of energy in terms of some simple integrals of the atomic radial factors. As a first application, we analyze the relationship between the density and the binding forces (and the bonding energy) in the diatomic molecules of the first row atoms. Two types of forces act on each nucleus: the self-pulling exerted by its own cloud and the external force due to the remaining atoms. The self-pulling comes only from the dipole type term of the atomic density. The external force comes from the other clouds and nuclei and is dominated by the effective charges which depend on the outermost region of the charge term. Analyzing the progressive deformations of the atoms when they approach each other, the forces associated with these deformations and their contributions to the energy, one has a detailed description of the chemical bond which is complementary, and in many aspects more appealing, than the conventional ones.


In order to reduce the fuel cost of thermal units, a semidefinite programming (SDP) method is used to solve a hydrothermal coordination (HTC) optimization problem. By manipulating the structure of decision variable matrix, the original nonconvex problem is reformulated into a convex SDP relaxation model without sacrificing the nonlinear relation among hydropower generation, reservoir storage volume, and discharge water. A global minimum is therefore guaranteed and well-developed convex optimization theories can thus be employed to solve the problem. Both sparse matrix techniques and a simplified SDP model are discussed to reduce computational cost. One mostly used HTC case is employed to test the performance of the proposed method. Detailed comparisons between the proposed and other methods show that the final result of SDP model is by far the best result ever. In addition, a large-sized HTC case shows the potential of SDP in practical use. Finally, we prove that as a relaxation technique, the SDP solution, which satisfies all the constraints, is indeed the optimal solution of the original nonconvex problem.


Dispensing container of the present invention, a syringe outer cylinder (syringe barrel) (3); And it is inserted to be movable in the longitudinal direction in the syringe outer cylinder (3), comprises a piston 8 to form a liquid chamber between itself and the syringe outer cylinder (3). One of the syringe outer cylinder 3 and the piston 8, and a guide (3c) extending in a longitudinal direction. The other of the syringe outer cylinder 3 and the piston 8, and of the syringe outer cylinder 3 and the piston 8 with the other comprises a movable slider (9) in the guide (3c). The guides (3c), there is a capacity of the liquid chamber is equal to the target dose when provided with a slider (9) contacts the target position (3j) to contact.


Cracks appeared in the Main structure members of an 8-storey commercial residence building and steel bars in some members corroded seriously.Through general investigation on steel bar corrosion,examining the protection coat thickness of steel bar,inspecting the construction quality and defect of concrete,testing the carbonization and Cl-content of concrete,it is found out that corrosion is mainly caused by thin concrete protection coat and honeycombed holes in the concrete.The structure members can be treated in different ways according to corrosion conditions.


founding myth, from seventeenth-century Puritans who fled England specifically to avoid (among other things) Renaissance drama has always been attended, understandably, by a certain ambivalence, even on the part of the most bardolatrous, and given the turn toward politics visible in much contemporary criticism, it is not surprising that some American scholars have begun to wonder whether the very existence of a Shakespeare industry on their side of the Atlantic may be a sign of the ultimate failure of the American Revolution.1 In this essay I shall be approaching this question through a brief consideration of the earliest American appropriations of Shakespeare, placing the difficult problem first confronted by the playwright's American admirers in the wake of the Declaration of Independence that of how to maintain a claim to Shakespeare while nonetheless disavowing his national identity and most of his ostensible politics within the context of earlier ideological disputes about Shakespeare and nationalism enacted on the British mainland, disputes which the American case often both recapitulates and extends. The history of America's investment in Shakespeare is no more an innocent matter of historical aesthetics than is the history of Britain's investment in the Elgin Marbles; by thus examining some of its earliest manifestations, produced at a time when


-inoperable. Every method of examination and every means of diagnosis must' be exhausted. Soon after I began to be-specially interested in cancer I made a necropsy upon a case that had been diagnosed and treated aud allowed to die as inoperable cancer of the uterus: At the post-niortem examination I found the vagina greatly distended by a' huge growth which was ,attached to the cervix uteri by the narrowest possible pedicle. If the patient had been examnined under an anaesthetic the condition of affairs would' have at once been obvious, and she could have been completely cured by the most simple operation.


Analyzes the features of the protocol most widely used for linking local-area networks in government, research, and education, and increasingly in business. Emphasizes its openness, ease of use, maturity, flexibility, and inexpensive implementations. Among the aspects discussed are the origins and t


Due to the recent increases in design complexity, behavioral synthesis has become an important area of research and company interest. However, there has been market resistance to accepting the automatic behavioral synthesis approach as a practical solution in general because, first, it often produces results inferior to manual designs, and second, it allows only minimum user control.
To develop a feasible approach for behavioral synthesis to overcome the hurdles faced by the automatic approach, interactive behavioral synthesis, which attempts to maximally utilize the human designer's insights, is proposed. Using interactive behavioral synthesis, the users can control the design process, observe the effects of design decisions, and manually override synthesis algorithms at will.
This dissertation first presents a design methodology as how the user interacts with an interactive behavioral synthesis system, which in contrast to an automatic synthesis system, enables the human designer fine-grain control over each synthesis task and continually supplies feedback in the form of quality metrics and design hints so that the user can make informed design-related decisions. After that, this dissertation presents various algorithms needed in an interactive behavioral synthesis system. The algorithms include quality metrics and design hints generation algorithm, algorithm for identifying mutually exclusive operators, and automatic synthesis algorithms that can be used in an interactive environment. Experiments were performed to demonstrate the feasibility of the methodology and the efficiency of the algorithms, and the results are also presented in this dissertation.


The falling of a garland from Ceres' head at de raptu Proserpinae iii 126-127 is interpreted, in connection
with a Senecan intertext, as an implicit reference to the goddess' unspoken sense of guilt for abandoning her daughter.


The dipole moments of Ortho-substituted tropones were measured in benzene solution at room temperature. The values obtained are as follows : 2-bromotropone, 4.94 D ; 2,7-dibromotropone, 5.27 D; 2-mercaptotropone, 4.36 D; 2-aminotropone, 3.78 D; 2-methylmercaptotropone, 4.64 D. These values together with those of tropolone and methoxytropone were compared with the calculated moments and the following conclusions were derived. The moments of the bromotropones are lower than those calculated by simple vector addition owing to ortho effect. In tropolone, mercaptotropone and aminotropone, the substituent groups take such configurations that these groups are conjugated with the cycloheptatriene ring in the highest degree and that an intramolecular hydrogen bond is formed between the carbonyl oxygen and the hydrogen atom of each of the substituent groups. In methoxytropone and methyl mercaptotropone, on the other hand, the conjugation is weak and each of the substituent groups lies in a plane nearly perpendicula...


As a candidate power supply solution for the Internet of Things, radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting has attracted great attention recently. In this paper, we consider an RF wireless-powered network, which consists of a dedicated power beacon (PB) and multiple user nodes. The PB is assumed to have limited energy and transfers its power to user nodes wirelessly. The user nodes work only based on energy harvested from the PB, and are assumed to be in either energy harvesting mode, energy consumption mode, or idle mode. To maximize the total harvested energy, we coordinate the behaviors of the PB and user nodes, and propose a general charge scheduling scheme that can achieve the system's maximum harvested energy. We then compare the results of our proposed scheme with the benchmark schemes, and simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed scheduling.


We have studied the growth of microcrystal silicon films by remote plasma chemical vapor deposition as growth parameters of substrate temperature and rf power. With increasing substrate temperature, the growth rate increases because of the decrease of the etch rate. The rf power dependence shows that the growth rate decreases with increasing rf power at high power levels. The results indicate that the chemical equilibrium between the deposition and etching of Si on the growing surface gives rise to the growth of microcrystal Si, resulting in the optimum rf power and substrate temperature for the growth of microcrystalline silicon.


The invention relates to an anion chromatographic column a preparation method thereof, particularly relates to a preparation method of a surface-grafting anion chromatography stationary phase. The method disclosed herein is characterized by: preparing monodispersed linear polystyrene microspheres seeds by dispersion polymerization, activating the seeds, then synthesizing polystyrene-divinyl benzene-glycidyl methacrylate microballoons by one-step seed swelling method, and extracting to remove the pore forming agent; adopting multi-step grafting synthetic method, taking methylamine and 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether as raw materials, and introducing a large amount of positively charged quaternary ammonium groups as the anion exchange functional group to the surface of the prepared polystyrene-divinyl benzene-glycidyl methacrylate microballoons; and packing by homogenate method. According to the invention, the method disclosed herein has the advantages of low cost and simple process, the prepared filling material has uniform granularity and has no need to be screened, and the particle size distribution is narrow.


Texting while walking exerts a high cognitive load, and may be a sensitive test of the integrity of the cognitive–motor interface. We aimed to investigate the association between chronological age and gait speed while texting. A convenience sample of 308 community-dwellers was recruited: n ≥ 50 in each age group (20–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59) and n = 100 aged ≥60 years. Gait speed was measured over 10 metres under two experimental conditions: 1) walking at usual pace; 2) walking at usual pace while texting the message "Good morning Harry" on their smartphone. Both median gait speed with and without texting decreased with increasing age (p < 0.001). The differences between single- and dual-task gait speed were substantial for each age group and increased after the age of 50 years (p < 0.001). Median gait speeds while texting in people aged 50–59 (1.07 m/s) and ≥60 years (1.00 m/s) were below the recommended minimum for safely crossing roads (1.20 m/s). Texting while walking currently exposes people aged 50 and over to considerable environmental hazards. The significant slowing of gait speed while texting from middle age may be a marker of neurodegeneration, a cohort effect, or an appropriate compensatory response to reduce the risk of injury.


Endothelial function and expression of endothlelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) have been shown to increase with exercise training in the peripheral vasculature. However, the effect of exercise training on endothelial function in the cerebral vasculature is poorly understood. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of exercise training on endothelium-dependent vasodilation of large cerebral arteries. METHODS: Three-month-old male Fischer 344 rats were assigned to either a sedentary (SED, n=4) or exercise-trained (ET, n=4) group. ET rats ran on a motorized rodent treadmill 60 min/day at 15 m/min (15° incline), 5 d/wk for 10 wk. Posterior communicating arteries (PCoA) were isolated from the brain of both SED and ET rats. The isolated arteries were cannulated and pressurized to 90 cm H2O via hydrostatic reservoirs. Luminal diameter changes were determined in response to the endothelium-dependent vasodilator, Bradykinin (BK) (10-13 – 10-7 M) and the direct vascular smooth muscle dilator, sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 10-10 – 10-4 M). RESULTS: Responsiveness to the endothelium-dependent vasodilator BK was enhanced in PCoA of ET rats compared to SED rats, whereas responsiveness to the endothelium-independent vasodilator SNP was not different between PCoA of SED and ET rats. CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate that exercise training is associated with enhanced endothelium-mediated vasodilation in PCoA of young rats, whereas vascular smooth muscle responsiveness of PCoA is unaffected by exercise training.


The effect of various growth substances on regeneration and growth of bulblets on excised bulb scale segments of Hyacinthus orientalis L. cv. Pink Pearl was studied. Bulblet formation was promoted by the auxins IAA and IBA but was inhibited by NAA at high concentrations. IAA hardly affected bulblet weight, whereas IBA and NAA at high concentrations decreased it. Cytokinins had hardly any effect on bulblet regeneration and bulblet weight, Gibberellins inhibited both bulblet regeneration and bulblet weight; GA4+7 acted much stronger than GA3. ABA and ethephon decreased bulblet regeneration and bulblet growth.


A previous theory which did not require a usual closure assumption required three or more initial spectra. By allowing a simple physical assumption (a modification of Kovasznay's hypothesis), the required number of spectra is reduced to two. Agreement with experiment is good.


Protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated desensitization of the corticotropin releasing factor type 1 (CRF1) receptor was investigated in human retinoblastoma Y79 and transfected COS-7 cells. Because stimulation of Y79 cells with CRF resulted in large (∼30-fold) increases in intracellular cAMP accumulation without changing inositol phosphate levels, the CRF1 receptor expressed in retinoblastoma cells couples to Gs, but not to Gq, and predominantly signals via the protein kinase A cascade. Direct activation of PKC by treatment with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or 1,2-dioctanoyl-sn-glycerol (DOG) desensitized CRF1 receptors in Y79 cells, reducing the maximum for CRF- (but not forskolin)-stimulated cAMP accumulation by 56.3 ± 1.2% and 40.4 ± 2.1%, respectively (p < 0.001). Pretreating Y79 cells with the PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide I (BIM) markedly inhibited PMA's desensitizing action on CRF-stimulated cAMP accumulation, but did not affect homologous CRF1 receptor desensitization. Retinoblastoma cells were found to express PKCα, βI, βII, δ, λ, and RACK1. When α and β isoforms of PKC were down-regulated 80 to 90% by a 48-h PMA exposure, PMA-induced CRF1 receptor desensitization was abolished. In transfected COS-7 cells the magnitude of CRF1 receptor phosphorylation after a 5-min exposure to PMA was 2.32 ± 0.21-fold greater compared with the basal level. Pretreating COS-7 cells with BIM abolished PMA-induced CRF1 receptor phosphorylation. These studies demonstrate that protein kinase C (possibly α and β isoforms) has an important role in the phosphorylation and heterologous desensitization of the CRF1 receptor.


In the subzone of the southern taiga in the territory of the Tomsk region trial plots in forest cultures under the canopy of the forest have been laid, the reconstruction of low-value plantings and subsequent crops has been done. Bi-ometric indicators have been studied and a comparative analysis of three types of plantations has been made. It is re-vealed that the growth of artificial plantations of Siberian stone pine is largely influenced by competition from adult trees in the main canopy in sub-cultures and in artificial plantations created during the reconstruction process. The preservation of sub-negative cultures has varied from 55.6 to 64.4% at 43 years old age and has been 59.8% at 32 years old age. Sub-negative plantations on the test plot with greater density have considerably lagged behind in growth from the sites with lower density with other identical growing conditions and age. Preservation of forest plantations created by reconstruction in areas without a main canopy has amounted to 72.6%, on a plot with an adult stand - 46.8%. The diameter of the trees on the reconstruction without the main canopy has been 2.1 times different, the height - 1.8 times in favor of the plantations in the area where the low-value plantation have been cut down. In subsequent plantations, in those test plots where pure pine tree plantations have been preserved, the height and diameter of the trees has been also greater than those in the samples with the existing admixture of hardwoods. In general, subsequent plantations significantly exceed the growth of subordinate and reconstructed crops. The growth of sub-cultures is significantly affected by the competition of the root systems of adult plants of the main canopy, shading and lack of nutrients.


With the rapid development of paper industry, the pressure of environmental pollution is going more and more serious. Recently, resource utilization of wastewater by anaerobic digestion has become a feasible way to solve this problem. In order to maintain the safe and efficient production of the process, a novel adaptive soft sensor model was developed to infer the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of paper mill effluent in this paper. First, the principal component analysis technique was performed in this model so as to eliminate the col-linearity between the process variables and accordingly obtain the low-dimensional feature principal component. Then, the least square support vector machine method was used to construct a quantitative regression model between principal component and the effluent COD. Along with it, particle swarm optimization was implemented to search for the best value of the LSSVM model parameters, namely the kernel parameters and the regularization factor. Finally, an online calibration strategy was designed to adapt to the process dynamic changes in an adaptive iterative manner. When the constructed model tested for performances in a full-scale factory, the average relative deviation and maximum deviation are 1.80% and 6.26%, respectively. The experimental results show that this proposed soft sensor model is featured with high accuracy and strong dynamic stability, and it can provide good guidance for COD prediction and optimal control of paper mill wastewate treatment.


Different compounds viz. boric acid, sodium arsenate, mercuric iodide, molybdophosphoric acid, zinc sulphate, lead acetate and cadmium chloride at 6 different concentration levels, i.e. 0.005, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.25, and 0.5% prepared in distilled water were tested against Heterotermes indicola to screen potential slow-acting toxicants. Among these compounds molybdophosphoric acid, zinc sulphate, lead acetate, and cadmium chloride showed a low mortality rate that did not exceed 76% even at the highest concentration (0.5%) used. The second group of boric acid, sodium arsenate and mercuric iodide exhibited ELT90 within 14 days, in at least concentration. Behavioral observations indicated that among the 3 compounds in the second group, only boric acid (0.1%) when offered in agar medium allowed normal tunneling behavior of the termites.


A comparative study was carried out to identify the oxidative stability of sesame oils originated from three countries: Sudan, Turkey, and Yemen. Sesame oils were oxidized under Rancimat test conditions. Reaction rate constant (k), activation energy (Ea), activation enthalpy (ΔH ⁺⁺), activation entropy (ΔS ⁺⁺), and Gibbs free energy of activation (ΔG ⁺⁺) were calculated according to both Arrhenius model and Eyring equation of activated complex approach. Quality parameters of the sesame oils were evaluated with respect to phenolic (TP) and flavonoid (TF) contents, free radical‐scavenging activity (FRSA), and peroxide value (PV). Fourier transformed infrared‐attenuated total reflectance (FTIR‐ATR) was also used to assess the functional groups of the oils. Depending on the fundamental thermodynamic parameters (ΔH ⁺⁺ > 0, ΔG ⁺⁺ > 0, and ΔS ⁺⁺ < 0), the nature of the oxidation reaction in the oils proves that it is an endothermic, nonspontaneous, and endergonic process. The predicted shelf‐life of the oils ranged from 38 to 132 days at ambient conditions. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Lipid oxidation is one of the major concerns influencing the product quality in oil industry. If the kinetic and thermodynamic properties of lipid oxidation are understood properly, the formulation of food products might be adjusted to favor the quality of the fat present in a food system and reduce the appearance of undesirable degradation products.


Gupta S.K., Tripathi S.C. (2011): Fungitoxic activity of Solanum torvum against Fusarium sacchari . Plant Protect. Sci., 47: 83–91. The leaf extract of Solanum torvum Sw. (Solanaceae) was evaluated for its fungitoxic activity against Fusarium sacchari (E.J. Butler & Hafiz Khan) W. Gams (1971). The leaf extract was found to inhibit completely the myc elial growth of the test fungus at minimum 0.5 ml/ml dose by the poisoned food technique. The nature of the extract was fungicidal at 0.5 ml/ml dose, since no further revival of growth was observed in inoculated plates even after incubation for 6 days after inoculation. The extract required minimally 5 min to kill the test fungus at its MIC. The extract also inhibited the growth of 12 other pathogenic fungi as well as 2 pathogenic strains of bacteria under test. It was found to be non-phytotoxic in nature and to show antifungal activity under in vivo


The increasing diversity and interdisciplinary nature of science and technology in a globalised world are exerting mounting pressure on national research and innovation locations to develop clear profiles. Among many instruments to meet this challenge is the systematic analysis and continual monitoring of scientific, societal and technological trends – often done using Foresight. Foresight is expected to provide a reliable basis for the future structuring and profiling of the national research and innovation landscape. Foresight is a complex process which is also reflected in the discussion of the effectiveness, efficiency and validity of Foresight. In the recent years various aspects of Foresight evaluation have seen researchers' attention across different national and corporate schools of Foresight. Ranging from Foresight exercises' impact assessment (measuring effectiveness and efficiency of Foresight – summative evaluation) to results verification (validation, windtunelling / wind tunnel testing of Foresight – normative evaluation), separate approaches to the problem at hand exist. However, academic and professional literature on the specific topic is rare, as a problem of openness of methodologies also exists. Aside from these factors, there seems to be a consensus that Foresight science is actively developing and there currently are many gaps in available evaluation methods, which brings us to looking further into the supposed gaps. The paper discusses in depth the effectiveness and efficiency in the light of Foresight and the meaning of both for the validity of Foresight.


Objectiveof the study was monitoring of epizootic situation in the Mongolian part of the trans-boundary Sailugem natural plague focus through 2018 for optimization of preventive and anti-epidemic activities to decrease the level of risk of human plague cases among the population in the border areas of Mongolia and Russia.Materials and methods. Epizootic survey was conducted across the area of 2668 km2 ; 282 mammals, 261 ectoparasites, including 257 fleas, were tested for plague. All laboratory investigations of the field material were carried out in the mobile laboratory for monitoring and diagnostics, mounted on the platform of KAMAZ. Field samples were subjected to molecular-genetic (PCR) and serological tests. Fresh and mummified pickings of birds of prey, corpses, caught rodents and lagomorphs, fleas collected from corpses, were tested using immune-chromatographic method (ICM) to detect capsular antigen (F1) of plague microbe. PCR and ICM positive samples were investigated applying bacteriological method. In the course of epizootiological survey, GIS-tools were employed. All the results obtained were plotted on electronic maps using QGIS 2.12.3 software package.Results and discussion. The total of 47 Yersinia pestis ssp. pestis strains were isolated from grey marmots and their fleas. Y. pestis DNA was detected in 60 objects. Serological testing showed 60 positive results. Contamination of the caught souslik with plague agent reached 4.5 % (n=22), fresh corpses and picking of predatory birds – 63.4 % (n=41), mummified corpses and leftovers, skeletal remains – 10.0 % (n=140). It was established that in the border territory, adjacent to Russia, an intensive diffused plague epizooty, caused by the agent of the main subspecies, takes place. All epizootic manifestations were revealed at the altitudes of 2400–2800 m above sea level, in densely populated grey marmot settlements. The epizooty was registered in most of the southern macro-slope of Sailugem ridge, throughout 100 km and along the whole Karalakhtu ridge – throughout 30 km. The epizooty area, confirmed by plague agent isolation, amounted to 1207 km2 (45.2 % of the examined territory).


Submitted 1 Feb 2017; Accepted 31 Mar 2017; Published 16 Apr 2017 Triphala is an ayurvedic herbal formulation consisting of the dried fruits of three medicinal plants Terminalia chebula, Terminalia belerica, and Phyllanthus embelica which has antimicrobial, anti-oxidant, and antiinflammatory property. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Triphala against oral pathogens. The standard stock culture of microorganisms was isolated from 20 patients with different types o f dental infections. The efficacy of Triphala against microbial type culture collection was evaluated using agar gel diffusion. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were obtained using broth dilution method. MIC of Triphala against Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Clostridium bacilli, Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus isolates was 25%, 25%, 12.5%, and 12.5%, respectively. Triphala seems to be a promising alternative for the control of oral diseases in terms of antimicrobial response.


Abstract Five faculty members taught elementary education students how to compose thematic integrated units. Before teaching about thematic integration, faculty co‐constructed a view of thematic teaching, planned events to engage students in learning about thematic teaching, and developed an assignment description that supported the students' unit writing. Unit development involved selecting and studying a theme, selecting learning opportunities and materials, and composing and presenting the unit. Student and faculty reflection on the unit‐development process resulted in the recommendation that faculty and students compose a sample unit. Developing a shared view of integrated curricula was a challenge for the faculty, but the process of deliberation was rewarding and essential to project success.


Properties of a thermodynamic phase space, for which both positive and negative absolute temperatures have been defined, are discussed. The conclusions reached are applied to Carnot cycles and it is found to be impossible to operate such cycles when one of the heat reservoirs has an infinite temperature. It is shown also that such cycles may be run only in particular cases when the temperatures of the reservoirs are such that one is positive and the other negative.


We collected required social information about a group of female students in university from their mobile social network for preparation the social graph and their centralities. Their educational performance compared with four centralities in order to evaluate how their educational performance is related to social centralities. Finally the suitable centralities were considered and discussed.


Before 1910, members of Japanese Chamber of Commerce in Busan were occupied mainly by an export traders. They were mostly an rice exporters. On the other hand, an traders who imported an industrial goods from Japan were not so powerful. That's because Chosun's consumption did not widely spread in and around Busan differently from Incheon and Seoul. After 1910, with the increase of the consumption and wide distribution of the facilities in Chosun, it brought the import traders in Busan growing income, resulting in controlling the power. But it did not exceed the influence of the export traders. Members of Commerce's native place expanded from Yamakuchi and Hukuoka, southern Japan, to Osaka and Kobe, where are the industrial area. The activity of Chamber of Commerce put the emphasis on spread of the ruling ideology and the members' financial profit. The most prominent members were related to an exporting rice to Japan. They put stress on the investigation of the distribution process and the rice producing place, and the petition and recommendation of policy on Chosun and Japanese government. Second, they endeavored to increase the consumption power and the import of Japanese goods by holding all sort of goods fair. Thus they tried to justify the Japanese are superior to Chosun and they are bound to control the Chosun. Third, they pushed ahead with a reclamation and an construction of railway. These were related to the speculation in real state and the activation of business of Japanese. Japanese Chamber of Commerce in Busan played an important part that a japanese capitalist and the nation can control of the Chosun.


The drivers of subsidiary development continue to advance following changes in the global environment, availability of resources, and stiffening of competition between international businesses. As an evolutionary mechanism, alignment assists MNEs in capturing value while ensuring that subsidiaries can deliver their commitments. Here, we focus on whether the subsidiary role change specified in charters is linked to performance. We also determine the importance of alignment mechanisms with the applied business agenda for performance by specifically using the perspectives of scorecard and retention. Our results are garnered from statistical analyses of 152 responses to surveys given to Taiwan MNE subsidiaries. Our findings reconfirm the relationship between subsidiary role change and performance while further demonstrating that a mediating effect of alignment between these two factors exists. We also found that a moderating effect will only trigger when formalization and profile building are insufficient to properly address business needs. We discuss our findings in the context of the literature of HQ-subsidiary relationships and consider the managerial implications with the hope of initiating a new chapter in future subsidiary management by alignment. Though bureaucratic control remains crucial across the MNE network, alignment re-emphasizes the importance of subsidiary managers' development under the established corporate culture.


The $\textit{planar Tur\'an number}$ $\textrm{ex}_{\mathcal P}(n,H)$ of a graph $H$ is the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex planar graph without $H$ as a subgraph. Let $C_k$ denote the cycle of length $k$. The planar Tur\'an number $\textrm{ex}_{\mathcal P}(n,C_k)$ is known for $k\le 7$. We show that dense planar graphs with a certain connectivity property (known as circuit graphs) contain large near triangulations, and we use this result to obtain consequences for planar Tur\'an numbers. In particular, we prove that there is a constant $D$ so that $\textrm{ex}_{\mathcal P}(n,C_k) \le 3n - 6 - Dn/k^{\log_2^3}$ for all $k, n\ge 4$. When $k \ge 11$ this bound is tight up to the constant $D$ and proves a conjecture of Cranston, Lidick\'y, Liu, and Shantanam.


Rational models of frequency-dependent network equivalents (FDNEs) have been used in real-time digital simulator (RTDS) for power-system simulation. However, this can lead to a computational burden issue; the application of FDNEs may result in a loss of real-time simulation features because the computational cost of the FDNE component exceeds the limits of RTDS. The authors describe a solution that combines compacting and partitioning of the FDNEs, whereby the former reduces the redundancy in the mathematical model and the latter allows us to exploit parallel computer architectures. Then they describe the results of numerical simulations that demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach. Moreover, the proposed simulation solution is not limited to the applications of FDNEs in RTDS, it solves a set of subsistent computational issues when apply rational models in real-time electromagnetic transients programs tools.


To evaluate the association between sperm functionality parameters and biochemical, hormonal, and inflammatory indices in obese and diabetic men.

 Metabolic changes,hormonal dysfunction,and the presence of inflammatory mediators might be considered possible mechanisms in the development of sub-fertility in obese and diabetic sub-fertile men

 Although the higher prevalence of subfertility in obese and diabetic men during the reproductive age is evident, the mechanisms by which obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM) cause male infertility are not entirely understood. Several pathways might be involved in the role of obesity in semen quality, thereby inducing alterations in hormonal profiles, abnormal lipid metabolism, and possibly the formation of inflammatory cytokines, ultimately leading to impaired sperm function

 We enrolled normal weight (BMI<25 kg/m2) and non-type–2 diabetic (control=40), obese and non- type–2 diabetic (obese=40), non-obese and type–2 diabetic (Lean-DM=35), and obese and type–2 diabetic (Obese-DM=35) sub-fertile men, aged 20–50 years, referring to Royan infertility clinic (Tehran, Iran) from March to September 2014

 After enrollment and receiving informed consent, all men underwent face-to-face private interviews. The obesity-associated markers, insulin resistance, beta-cell function, hormonal and lipid profile, inflammatory indices, and semen analysis were assessed in four experimental groups. Semen analysis was examined after 2–5 days of sexual analysis).abstinence based on WHO-recommended methods by CASA system (computer-assisted sperm

 Main results and the role of chance: Our finding showed that diabetic markers were significantly increased in two diabetic groups, while obesity indices were markedly increased in two obese groups. Conventional sperm parameters were significantly lower in obese DM, lean DM, and obese groups compared with the control (p < 0.05). Serum levels of total testosterone (TT) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were significantly lower in men with obesity and DM compared with the control (p < 0.05).There was a significant difference in the concentration of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) among four experimental groups.
 Moreover, serum leptin was significantly increased in obese DM, lean DM, and obese groups. Serum insulin levels had a positive correlation with metabolic-associated indices (WC, BMI, FBS,HbA1c,and HOMA-IR), as well as hs-CRP levels, whereas it had a negative correlation with count, motility, and morphology. There is also a negative association between metabolic-associated indices (WC, BMI, FBS, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR) and semen parameters.

 It was better to evaluate inflammatory biomarkers be examined in other tissues
 Wider implications of the findings: The results of this study demonstrated the association of metabolic changes, hormonal dysfunction, and inflammatory responses with the semen parameters of sub-fertile men with obesity and diabete.

 Not applicable


This paper presents the homoepitaxial growth of phase pure (010) β-Ga2O3 thin films on (010) β-Ga2O3 substrate by low pressure chemical vapor deposition. The effects of growth temperature on the surface morphology and crystal quality of the thin films were systematically investigated. The thin films were synthesized using high purity metallic gallium (Ga) and oxygen (O2) as precursors for gallium and oxygen, respectively. The surface morphology and structural properties of the thin films were characterized by atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. Material characterization indicates the growth temperature played an important role in controlling both surface morphology and crystal quality of the β-Ga2O3 thin films. The smallest root-mean-square surface roughness of ∼7 nm was for thin films grown at a temperature of 950 °C, whereas the highest growth rate (∼1.3 μm/h) with a fixed oxygen flow rate was obtained for the epitaxial layers grown at 850 °C.


The invention discloses a glass wool crushing machine device which comprises a wool crushing machine box 1, wool crushing gears 2, wool crushing rollers 3, roller bearings 4, motors 5 and belts 6. The glass wool crushing machine device is characterized in that the wool crushing machine box 1 is used for carrying the wool crushing rollers 3, the wool crushing gears 2 are arranged on the outer wall of the wool crushing rollers 3, the roller bearings 4 are connected with the motors 5 through the belts 6, the belts 6 are made to drive the wool crushing rollers 3 to rotate reversely and relatively in the wool crushing machine box 1 by changing the frequency of the motors 5, and the glass wool crushing and tearing effect is achieved. According to the glass wool crushing machine device, the problems that in the prior art, the glass wool crushing effect is poor, and the glass wool crushing particles are big are solved, the number of the types of wool capable of being crushed is increased, the crushing quantity and quality of glass wool are improved, and the crushing efficiency of the glass wool crushing machine device is 2 to 3 times that of a common wool crushing machine.


President of the Republic of Indonesia, Joko Widodo said that, based on a number of calculations, Indonesia would perch as one of the five countries with the strongest economy in the world in 2045, when it entered Indonesia 100 years with millennial generation at the peak age of 40-51 years, and this is a productive age. Indonesia has the potential to be shared. 263 million population, who live on more than 17,000 islands consisting of 34 provinces and 514 cities / districts. This community is plural and part of 714 tribes with 1,100 more local languages. Although the majority of the population adheres to Islam, there are many residents of other religions too. No less important to note, that the implementation of decentralization in Indonesia shows the fate and quality of 2/3 (two thirds) of the citizens' lives, in practice, is largely determined by local government performance of services, ranging from environmental sanitationissues, such as waste management, school quality and health services. Everything depends on the high-low of public services quality in the area. The economic development in Indonesia, especially the legal matters, there is something that needs to be considered, that the law in Indonesia moretowards criminal sanctions against companies, thus carrying the image that, if you want to be an entrepreneur, be prepared to be in prison. And this give opportunities for the officials trap in the abusement of power. A series of datas, regional officials arrested, 24 governors and 115 regents /mayors by the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) in 2004-2019. The majority of cases are related to bribery and gratification.


G-CSF and LDH concentrations rapidly returned to normal levels. PBSC collection was done in the recovery phase of this course of chemotherapy, and PBSCT was successfully performed thereafter. When the patient underwent PBSCT, he received lower doses of G-CSF (75 &day) and did not show renal impairment. At present the patient remains in remission with normal creatinine values. We are not ready to provide a good explanation for the transient renal impairment observed following G-CSF treatment in this case. However, it I UI  Chemotherapy h rn 2 ?


Background and Aim: Lichenoid tissue reactions are a group of skin diseases with hydropic degeneration of the basal cell layer and inflammatory infiltrations in papillary dermis. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinicopathological features of skin diseases with lichenoid tissue reaction. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 118 cases with lichenoid tissue reactions. Pathological and clinical features such as age, sex, location of the lesions were evaluated. Results: 53.4% of the patients were female. Mean age of the patients was 39.9±17.37 years. Mean duration of the disease was 21.82±14.3 months. The Conclusion: Pathological evaluation be helpful in differentiating


''Monopitch'' and ''monoloudness'' are frequent descriptors of speech produced by people with dysarthria, these terms correspond to acoustic findings of flattened F0 contours, limited rms variability, and short phrases. Underlying reasons for these production characteristics, however, have not been investigated. The present study was designed to look at the relationship between use of lung volumes in conversational speech and the production of suprasegmental characteristics in healthy speakers versus those with Parkinson disease. Measures of the suprasegmental components of the speech signal included, F0 and rms variability, breath group duration, and number of syllables. Measures of starting and stopping lung volumes for each of the breath groups were also obtained. Results indicate a tendency for subjects to alternate a longer breath group, started at a higher lung volume, with exaggerated prosodic characteristics with a much shorter breath group. Although this pattern was seen in the disorder group, the length of their breath group, and F0 and rms variability were limited. The disorder group also tended to initiate utterances at lower lung volumes and continue speaking past resting expiratory level. [Work supported by NIDCD DC‐01409.]


The metal recovery is affected because there is more slime in the gold ore of Jiaojia Gold Mine.In order to study the influence of independent processing slime on recovery,the slime was treated separately.The pilot test for slime processed by flotation column is carried out.The influences of processing capacity,dosage of collector and frother are surveyed,and the flotation effects are contrasted.The results show that processing slime only using flotation column has obvious advantages than processing slime only using flotator,the recovery rate improves by 10.02%.The study offers technical parameters for the second-stage extension.


Qualitative and quantitative approaches to reasoning about uncertainty can lead to different logical systems for formalizing such reasoning, even when the language for expressing uncertainty is the same. In the case of reasoning about relative likelihood, with statements of the form φ


One of the best ways to experience the richness of contemporary Amer ican nonfiction is to read the essays collected in the Houghton Mifflin Best American Essays series. Writers of these prize winning essays draw on all the resources of the English language and frequently invent new ones. They also go "beyond grammar" frequently, though they do not violate the bedrock rules of English syntax. What they often do not do, however, is ob serve the advice and warnings commonly suggested by some style manuals, handbooks, and teachers. The argument that one must learn the rules before one can break them has no validity if the rules to be learned are not rules in the first place. As English teachers, we bear the responsibil ity of offering young writers guidance—of teaching them stylistic "rules," if you will. But as thoughtful writing teachers, we are also responsible for observ ing what effective writers actually do, and if that contradicts the rules we're teaching, then the rules must be overruled. Otherwise, our students will come away from our classes with misconceptions about good writing. Through the following examples of good writing, I will illustrate that professional and stu dent writers flout or ignore some commonly taught admonitions as they call on the rich resources of our language to express themselves with clarity and vigor. My primary interest is not simply naming the ill-advised "rules" but rather exploring why good writers do not follow them, and in demon strating that there are valid reasons for breaking many of the style rules we commonly teach as un breakable. I invite my readers to do the same. Writerly Richness: Richard Rodriguez and an Eleventh-Grade Student


The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a general health crisis and has irreversible impacts on human societies. Globally, all people are at risk of being exposed to the novel coronavirus through transmission of airborne bioaerosols. Public health actions, such as wearing a mask, are highly recommended to reduce the transmission of infectious diseases. The appropriate use of masks is necessary for effectively preventing the transmission of airborne bioaerosols. The World Health Organization (WHO) suggests washing fabric masks or throwing away disposable masks after they are used. However, people often use masks more than once without washing or disposing them. The prolonged use of a single mask might—as a result of the user habitually touching the mask—promote the spread of pathogens from airborne bioaerosols that have accumulated on the mask. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate how long the living components of bioaerosols can be viable on the masks. Here, we evaluated the viability of airborne Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) in bioaerosols filtered on woven and anti-droplet (non-woven) face masks. As a simulation of being simultaneously exposed to sand dust and bioaerosols, the viability rates of bioaerosols that had accumulated on masks were also tested against fine dust and airborne droplets containing bacteria. The bioaerosols survived on the masks immediately after the masks were used to filter the bioaerosols, and the bacteria significantly proliferated after one day of storage. Thereafter, the number of viable cells in the filtered bioaerosols gradually decreased over time, and the viability of B. subtilis in bioaerosols on the masks varied, depending on the mask material used (woven or non-woven). Despite the reduction in viability, bioaerosols containing living components were still found in both woven and anti-droplet masks even after six days of storage and it took nine days not to have found them on masks. The number of viable cells in bioaerosols on masks significantly decreased upon exposure of the masks to fine dust. The results of this study should provide useful information on how to appropriately use masks to increase their duration of effectiveness against bioaerosols.


It is a quick method for x-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer pw1404 to determine the major elements in the compound Re-Al-Si deoxidizer.The samples were dissolved by HNO 3 and HF,the glass disc was made in the mixing flux of LiBO 2 and Li 2B 4O 7,and NaNO 3 as the oxidizer,and KI as the demoulding agent.The additional passage way was compiled in fluorescent procedure. The main elements in the samples were determined by using XRF spectrum.


The invention provides a replacement tool for an arc-shaped damper. The replacement tool for the arc-shaped damper comprises a body and a fixed column. The fixed column is located on the body. Lug supports are arranged at the two ends of the fixed column. The lug supports are located on the body. Due to the facts that the fixed column is embedded into a hole of the arc-shaped damper, and the lug supports on the left side and the right side of the fixed column are inserted into holes of the arc-shaped damper, the replacement tool is more tightly buckled with the arc-shaped damper, the arc-shaped damper is conveniently pulled out and assembled, and the aim of replacing the arc-shaped damper under the electrification state is achieved. The replacement tool for the arc-shaped damper is simple in structure and safe and convenient to use, working efficiency is improved, the arc-shaped damper can be rapidly and safely replaced under the electrification state, and continuous supplying of electric power is ensured.


X-ray computed tomography (CT) has routine use in medical diagnosis. Technology advancements enable further clinical applications, such as cardiac imaging and lung cancer screening. It also has use in industrial applications.
The spatial resolution and noise properties of image reconstruction methods are important for imaging system design, reconstruction method comparisons and reconstruction parameter selection. Current reconstruction methods fall into two main categories: analytical and iterative methods. The representative of the former category is filtered back projection (FBP) or convolution back projection (CBP). The iterative methods can be further divided into algebraic and statistical methods. The spatial resolution and noise properties of analytical methods are well studied and understood. The statistical reconstruction methods have the potential to offer improved image quality and better bias-variance performance. They are based on models for measurement statistics and physics, and can easily incorporate the prior information, the system geometry and the detector response. They can also model Compton scattering and the polyenergetic spectrum of the X-ray source. The main disadvantages of the statistical reconstruction methods are the longer computation time of iterative algorithms that is usually required to minimize certain cost functions, and the lack of insights into the resolution and noise properties of the reconstructed images.
This thesis addresses these two concerns of statistical reconstruction methods by developing the fast non-uniform FFT (NUFFT)-based forward and back-projectors and by deriving an analytical approach to study the noise properties of the statistically reconstructed images. The overall computation for the NUFFT based 2D fan-beam forward projector is akin to previous hierarchical methods, and is about two times faster than the distance-driven (DD) forward projector while providing comparable accuracy. The proposed analytical noise variance predictions for the 2D fan-beam geometry provide accuracy comparable to FFT-based predictions and agree well with empirical variances in fan-beam CT, but require much less computation than the traditional FFT method. An extension to 3D cylindrical CT is also developed.


This chapter introduces the temple and the contours of the most recent modernization projects imposed upon it through the voices of devotees, renovators, temple Brahmins, and beggars at Kālīghāṭ. This material is drawn from ethnographic fieldwork. In this way, I show—rather than tell—what kinds of resonances the temple has for actors of various class backgrounds today and the kinds of modernist idioms the middle classes apply to the temple. I further situate my work in scholarly conversations, including those focused on temples, India's middle classes, multiple modernities, notions of the "public," and the study of colonial and contemporary Bengal.


Accurately solving the structures of protein complexes is crucial for understanding and further modifying biological activities. Recent success of AlphaFold and its variants shows that deep learning models are capable of accurately predicting protein complex structures, yet with the painstaking effort of homology search and pairing. To bypass this need, we present Uni-Fold MuSSe (Multimer with Single Sequence inputs), which predicts protein complex structures from their primary sequences with the aid of pre-trained protein language models. Specifically, we built protein complex prediction models based on the protein sequence representations of ESM-2, a large protein language model with 3 billion parameters. In order to adapt the language model to inter-protein evolutionary patterns, we slightly modified and further pre-trained the language model on groups of protein sequences with known interactions. Our results highlight the potential of protein language models for complex prediction and suggest room for improvements.


Abstract Tat protein is essential to fully activate HIV transcription and processing of viral mRNA, and therefore determines virus expression in productive replication and the establishment and maintenance of latent infection. Here, we used thermodynamic and structure analyses to define a highly conserved sequence-structure in tat mRNA that functions as Tat IRES modulator of tat mRNA (TIM-TAM). By impeding cap-dependent ribosome progression during authentic spliced tat mRNA translation, TIM-TAM stable structure impacts on timing and level of Tat protein hence controlling HIV production and infectivity along with promoting latency. TIM-TAM also adopts a conformation that mediates Tat internal ribosome entry site (IRES)-dependent translation during the early phases of infection before provirus integration. Our results document the critical role of TIM-TAM in Tat expression to facilitate virus reactivation from latency, with implications for HIV treatment and drug development.


The present invention for an artificial one to maximize the range of motion while maintaining that, by more particularly, when motion physically removing the portion which is interference and in contact with the insert in the stem cross-sectional area of the femoral stem for an artificial hip joint is up to the hip to the stem and on the diameter machining method of the femoral stem, which to the cutting surface which is towards the inner side in the front and rear of the outer diameter cutting inclined 40 ° to 50 °, and the mirror is in contact with a virtual inside diameter forming the outer diameter and the same center cutting and, in between the cutting surface rounded along the inner diameter is achieved by machining to form an inner side of an outer diameter shorter than the outer side, which results a number of problems due to the interference which the range of motion of the hip occurs less in the existing , for example, breakage or wear of the ceramic insert of the acetabular cup of the inner polyethylene liner, It will have the effect of reducing the dislocation of the artificial joint, etc., and further dissociation of the artificial joint. Artificial head, implants, femoral, neck, round rods, cutting surface, rounded portion


Parkinson's disease (PD), the second-most common neurological condition, is expected to increase in prevalence during the following 30 years. Parkinson's disease diagnosis is still challenging, and research is ongoing to define the condition's early stages. Parkinson's disease might be an autointoxication-related illness. A requirement for neurotoxicity in the human brain is the enzyme nicotinamide Nmethyltransferase (NNMT), as charged compounds cannot cross the blood-brain barrier. Additionally, the parkinsonian brain exhibits it in elevated concentration. A significant shift in perspective on primary and secondary prevention. The GEO dataset makes medical records and gene expression data on persons with PD accessible in order to anticipate patient mortality and, ultimately, establish PD biomarkers. We performed analysis through functional enrichment and proteinprotein interaction (PPI). The GDC information gateway was utilized in this research to evaluate connected genes with clinical information to identify the most important PD genes. We found differential expression genes to separate the genes with varying levels of expression between the mutant and normal groups (DEGs). Additionally, we evaluated their importance in PD using the GDC Data site. Jeratinine E, an alkaloid, might be considered as a treatment option. Molecular docking study was carried out to have a better knowledge of the chemical reactions between the compounds that are bioactive and the NNMT protein. The molecular docking research indicates that Jeratinine E has a greater selectivity for NNMT. The ADMET analysis also highlighted the ability for additional study of jeratinine E.


By using the functional path integral method, we obtain a model-independent formula for nuclear symmetry energy, which explicitly shows the relation between nuclear symmetry energy and isospin susceptibility. The latter one is found to be a probe to the QCD chiral phase transition. We further found that, the nuclear symmetry energy has an abrupt change at the critical nuclear density where the chiral symmetry restores partially, which could be detected from the experiments.


Friction and wear behaviors of UHMWPE with a molecular weight of 2 million,3 million,5 million and 9 million were investigated respectively against steel at 60 % RH(relative humidity) and 20 ℃ with a pin-disc tribometer under dry friction.The contact between polymer discs and steel pins rubbing pairs took the form of plane/plane with normal load of(392±29) N,rotational speed of 60 r/min and testing time of 1.5 h.In order to investigate wear mechanism,photographies of worn surfaces were observed by SEM.The results showed that influences of molecular weight were obvious on friction and wear characteristics of UHMWPE.It was further demonstrated that the lowest friction coefficient of rubbing pair and the minimum wear of UHMWPE itself appeared in the case of 3 million.


We see local campaigns and celebrity figures promoting ecologically minded lifestyles. But where do childcare practitioners start with self-sufficiency and how do we motivate or teach children to give back to the world? Abbi Jackson considers this problem.


Abstract 4931 Cellular therapy using dendritic cells (DCs) is emerging as the one of useful immunotherapeutic modality in multiple myeloma (MM). In order to generate potent functional DCs, alternative approaches for using appropriate and effective tumor antigens, such as myeloma cell lysates, myeloma apoptotic bodies, DC-myeloma cell hybrids or DC-transfected with myeloma-derived RNA, in steady of idiotype protein having with weak antigenicity are tried in MM. However, it is laborious work to obtain sufficient autologous tumor cells as a source of tumor antigen in the clinical setting. We investigated the feasibility of immunotherapy in patients with MM using myeloma-specific CTLs, which were generated in vitro by alpha-type 1-polarized DCs (αDC1s) pulsed with UVB-irradiated allogeneic myeloma cell line, ARH77 cells. Material and Methods Peripheral blood (PB) was collected from MM patients (IgG, U-type) or normal healthy donors with HLA-A0201 + with informed consent according to the protocol approved by the institutional ethical committee of the Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital. Phenotypic analysis of aDC1s was performed using a FACS Aria cell sorter. Tumor antigen uptakes (CD83 + /PKH67 + ), allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and induction of myeloma-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) were analyzed. Results αDC1s were significantly increased the expression of several molecules without differences by loading tumor antigens. αDC1s showed high production of IL-12 during maturation and after subsequent stimulation of CD40L, but were not significantly affected by loading tumor antigens. Myeloma-specific CTLs against autologous myeloma cells from MM patients were induced by αDC1s pulsed with allogeneic apoptotic ARH77 cells. Autologous CTLs generated by pulsed αDC1s displayed a larger number of IFN-g secreting cells against autologous myeloma cells as a target cell for ELISPOT assay. Pre-incubation of the target cells with an anti-MHC class I or II mAb inhibited the IFN-g release, indicating MHC class molecule-dependent cytotoxicity (figure) Conclusion We suggested that autologous DCs pulsed with allogeneic myeloma cell line could generate potent myeloma-specific CTLs against autologous myeloma cells and could be practicable method for approaching cellular immunotherapy in MM. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


This paper deals with the early stages of grammaticalization of haber + participle in Old Spanish and examines the paths of development of anteriority's temporal value that characterizes haber + participle in Modem Spanish. It is claimed that this development was constrained by transitivity, aspectuality and lexical properties of the participle. Semantic change from resultative to anterior meaning was governed by transitive gradience and sprout throughout a lexical diffusion pattern which involved metaphorical transfer between semantic related domains. Contrary to current opinion, the data show that the semantic change to anteriority didn't begin in cognition and perception verbs like cognitum habeo , but in verbs of possession and acquisition, speech verbs and verbs of action used in high transitive clauses.


In this paper, we obtain the reverse hypercontractive region for the pair of variables (X, Y) where X is a uniformly distributed binary random variable and Y (a ternary random variable) is obtained by passing X through a symmetric binary erasure channel (BEC), for a non-trivial range of parameters. The technique used builds on two recent results: a) characterization of reverse hypercontractivity using information measures, and b) computation of the forward hypercontractive region for the BEC.


Video transformer naturally incurs a heavier computation burden than a static vision transformer, as the former processes T times longer sequence than the latter under the current attention of quadratic complexity (T2N2). The existing works treat the temporal axis as a simple extension of spatial axes, focusing on shortening the spatio-temporal sequence by either generic pooling or local windowing without utilizing temporal redundancy. However, videos naturally contain redundant information between neighboring frames; thereby, we could potentially suppress attention on visually similar frames in a dilated manner. Based on this hypothesis, we propose the LAPS, a long-term "Leap Attention" (LA), short-term "Periodic Shift" (P-Shift) module for video transformers, with (2TN2) complexity. Specifically, the "LA" groups long-term frames into pairs, then refactors each discrete pair via attention. The "P -Shift" exchanges features between temporal neighbors to confront the loss of short-term dynamics. By replacing a vanilla 2D attention with the LAPS, we could adapt a static transformer into a video one, with zero extra parameters and neglectable computation overhead (~2.6%). Experiments on the standard Kinetics-400 benchmark demonstrate that our LAPS transformer could achieve competitive performances in terms of accuracy, FLOPs, and Params among CNN and transformer SOTAs. We open-source our project in: https://github.com/VideoNetworks/LAPS-transformer .


Only rarely have efforts been made to use the corridos, Mexico's historical ballads, to gain an understanding of modern Mexican life or an insight into the reaction of the common folk to what has transpired on the Mexican scene.* This omission is the more surprising since probably no better means exists of penetrating into the collective mind of Mexico's masses.' Inaccurate though they may be as to specific historical details, the corridos do undoubtedly mirror with a high degree of fidelity the trends and direction of popular thought, and they reveal truth as the pueblo has seen it. The corridistas or trovadores who compose these simple ballads are close to the people and must always seek to tailor their songs to the mood of the audience for which they are intended. Most composers of corridos of wide acceptance are professional minstrels who travel from town to town singing their own and others' compositions in market places and in cantinas. The demands of their profession keep them closely in contact with the main stream of public opinion and justify our belief that the corridos when properly interpreted are important social and historical documents.2 The present study seeks to use corridos of recent years to determine some of the popular attitudes of the Mexican pueblo toward the United States and North Americans. The study is based upon more than a thousand corridos which we and other collectors have gathered in oral tradition and upon the printed broadsides which are the stock in trade of the professional corridistas who sing and sell their songs for a living.3 It comes as no surprise to anyone familiar with the Mexican scene that the


Anodeflex is adopted in the regional cathodic protection design at Yumen Oilfield crude oil reserve depot for the first time.Because the anodeflex technique has been introduced only for two years,there are some problems in anodeflex allocation,bus point setting up and potentiostat output.In this paper,such problems are discussed for better use of anodeflex.


Indonesia is an archipelago country which relies on sea transportation. Ships are main factor in this transportation mode. Tanjung Emas port is one of the influencing ports in Indonesia. Passenger growth which increases 18% every year makes Tanjung Emas port as one of 24 supporting ports to sea highways realization. This increasing passengers obligate to increase more armadas and routes which influence to fuel consumption, cost and emission produced. Good planning and estimation are needed to produce precise energy management. This research purposes to estimate passenger ships fuel consumption in Tanjung Emas port until 2040 by using software LEAP, calculate gas emission produced based on TED LEAP and plan the possible alternative fuel economy. The method which is used in the research is study literature and observation. Energy planning is using some scenarios such as Business as Usual (BaU), Additional Ships (AS), Advanced Technology (AT) and Alternative Fuel Replacement (AFR). Simulation results show that fuel consumption in the year of 2040 on BaU scenario is 1.650,6 thousand BOE diesel oil, AS scenario is 1.033,1 thousand BOE diesel oil, AT scenario is 1.568,3 thousand BOE diesel oil and AFR scenario is 1.647,6 thousand BOE diesel oil with 1.155,4 BOE diesel oil and 492,2 BOE biodiesel. Total emission produced in BaU scenario is 722.091,39 metric tons. AS scenario can reduce 32,1% of total emission, AT scenario can reduce 4,1% of total emission and AFR scenario can reduce 0,1% of total emission. It can be concluded that base on fuel consumption level, the worst scenario is BaU, AFR, AT and AS respectively.


Since the introduction of the first flash memory in 1984, flash memory has been a very important member of the non-volatile semiconductor memory family due to its advantages, such as high density, low-cost, shock resistance, fast access time, low-power consumption and reliability. Despite the advantages, flash memory is still facing many technical limitations that need to be further studied. Various solutions have been developed to improve the performance of flash memory by overcoming the technical limitations; however, flash translation layer has a great impact on the overall performance improvement due to its cost-efficiency and usefulness. In this paper, three main aspects of flash memory are discussed from a perspective of flash translation layer. First, we discuss and classify flash translation layer based on the mapping method. Second, we discuss the current technical limitations that flash memory is facing and how these can be overcome by adopting flash translation layer. Third, we investigate the latest flash translation layer schemes that have been recently studied and proposed, and analyse their advantages and drawbacks.