Fresh forages provide the most natural and environmentally sustainable source of fatty acids (FA) for ruminants. Several factors influence the concentration and proportion of FA in herbage. This study evaluated the influence of N application levels (0, 45 and 100 kg N ha) and regrowth interval on the FA composition in Lolium perenne L. during three periods in 2004. In each experiment, the α-linolenic acid (C18:3) concentration decreased with an extended regrowth interval, whereas levels of C16:0 and C18:2 increased. Higher N application increased total FA and C18:3 concentrations. A positive correlation between herbage N and C18:3 concentrations was established throughout the entire period. Moreover, total FA, and C18:3 concentration and proportion gradually increased with N fertilization level, from May to October. Grassland management can affect levels of FA in herbage, which is important for the quality of ruminant products.


The features of growth dynamics on diameter of 120-160-year-old seed and second growth oak trees, allowing identifying accurately the origin on the nature of age-related trends are examined. Figures and diagrams are given for growth oscillations on the diameter of trees of seed and second growth origin for the entire period of their lives


Abstract We consider mixed boundary value problems for a piezoelectric medium with a crack. The study is based on Mindlin's model of piezoelectricity which takes into account the influence of the polarization gradient. Using the potential methods and the theory of pseudodifferential equations on manifolds with boundary we prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions and establish their regularity properties.


Cold curing photocatalytic coating material of the present invention has an average particle diameter has an acrylic resin particles is 80 nm to 200 nm, a glass transition temperature containing an acrylic emulsion-like resin is 20 ° C. or less. Further, the photocatalytic coating, the degree of dispersion of prescribed in JIS K5600-2-5 contains a copper compound supported titanium oxide is 1 to 30 [mu] m, an aqueous medium for dispersing the acrylic emulsion-like resin and a copper compound supported titanium oxide . Then, during the heating residue 100 parts by weight of the photocatalytic coating, a copper compound supported titanium oxide containing 1 to 80 parts by weight. Also, the photocatalytic coating, minimum film-forming temperature is not more 10 ° C. or less, the content of the organic solvent is less than 10 wt%.


: Since the advent of the functional approach in translation science, any translation criticism has to take into account the target group of a translation. This is to be our starting point to analyze the Spanish-German and Spanish-English translations of Los mayas en las rocas by Javier Covo Torres, an illustrated book that seeks to give a didactic introduction to the culture of the pre-Hispanic Maya and is aimed mainly at tourists who visit the Yucatan Peninsula. The main objective of this work is to evaluate the adequacy of translations in relation to their addresses. In order to accomplish this objective, we rely methodologically on some of the parameters of Silvia Parra Galiana, who proposes a review of a translation in two phases, covering different criteria. We devote special attention to the interrelation between text and illustrations (including mini-cartoons), since the latter represent a special challenge for the translator. The findings will be placed within a context of editorial decisions taken far from the knowledge and discussions of academic discipline.


The provision of information to patients is an important part of recovery after colorectal surgery. This study aimed to define patient information needs, barriers to effective understanding and insights into how information provision may be improved.


In this paper we are interested in the convergence of accumulation of dislocations to walls of dislocations. We consider the dynamical system generated by the force f ( x, y ) = x ( y 2 − x 2 ) ( y 2 + x 2 ) 2 , defined over R × Z \{ 0 } , that describes the phenomena. For initial data X 0 ∈ Ω ∩ ∞ we show the existence of unique solution X ∈ C 1 ∈ ([0 , + ∞ ) , Ω ∩ ℓ ∞ ) . Moreover, we prove that if X 0 is periodic, then X ( t ) = ( x j ( t )) j ∈ Z is periodic for any t > 0 and converges to the barycenter of the initial data, i.e. x j ( t ) → c = 1 N P Ni =1 x 0 i for every j ∈ Z . We also establish a ℓ p contraction for periodic solutions and perform numerical simulations.


An in vitro culture technique is described which enables study of vine development in the absence of roots. This technique was used to follow the growth response to cytokinin of excised fruitful shoots and excised flowers. A cytokinin requirement for pistil development of hermaphroditic flowers was demonstrated, though functional embryo sacs were not developed in vitro.


Abstract The voltammetric behaviour of pentoxifylline (1-(5′-oxohexyl)-3,7-dimethylxanthine, PTX) was studied in several supporting electrolytes (Britton–Robinson buffer of pH 2–12, 0.1 M NH3/NH4Cl buffer (pH 9.08), 0.1 M Na2B4O7 (pH 9.30), 0.1 M KCl (pH 6.22). At 0.1 M Britton–Robinson buffer (pH 7.46) PTX gives two peaks at −0.150 V and −1.524 V, respectively. At low pH values (pH < 5.50), the second peak was obscured by the hydrogen evolution while the first peak is well defined at 0.1 M KNO3 supporting electrolyte (pH 6.22). The potential of the second peak is practically pH-independent in the pH range of 6.50–11.00. The peaks (at −0.150 V and −1.524 V) are attributed to the reduction of Hg(I)-PTX complex and carbonyl group at 5′-oxohexyl moiety of the molecule, respectively. The relationship between peak current of carbonyl group and concentration of PTX is linear in 1.48 × 10−5 − 1.34 × 10−4 M concentration range in 0.1 M KCl (pH 6.22). It was observed that PTX has adsorption/desorption characteristics. A plausible mechanism is proposed for the electrode reaction of PTX on the mercury electrode.


The author introduced the main measures to improve capability quality of military hospital personnel by establishing a training base relied on the university affiliated hospital and the superior hospital.This measure has achieved good effects for the improvement of the service ability of the military hospital personnel


Twenty-three years ago I presented a communication to the Royal Society, entitled "On the alleged Sugar-forming Function of the Liver." Four years previously, viz., in 1854, whilst conducting experiments directed towards determining the manner in which the sugar presumed, under the glycogenic doctrine, to escape from the liver was destroyed (as it was then believed to be) in the lungs, I discovered that what had been taken as representing the natural condition of the liver, and of the blood escaping from it in relation to sugar, was founded upon a fallacious inference. By those who have only been acquainted with what, in recent times, has been recognised as constituting the state existing, the original position in which the matter stood will hardly be fully comprehended. The strongly saccharine state in which the liver and the blood of the hepatic veins are found shortly after death was looked upon, without any question being raised about it, as representing the state existing during life. Without the slightest prior conception that such was likely to be the case, I found first that the blood between the liver and the lungs was not during life in the condition that had been supposed, and next that what I discovered for the blood applied also to the liver. The evidence which presented itself led me, as is known, to dispute the validity of the glycogenic theory, and the additional information which I have since from time to time obtained has materially strengthened the position I took. To my own mind, the conditions that we have to deal with looked at in their entirety, are totally irreconcilable with the glycogenic theory; but I know that the difficulty which has existed in accounting for the disposal of the glycogenic matter of Bernard encountered in the liver has stood in the way of a general adoption of my views. This subject, however, I am now prepared to approach and consider.


The amplitude modulation of compressional dispersive Alfven (CDA) waves in a low-β plasma is considered. It is shown that the dynamics of modulated CDA waves is governed by a cubic nonlinear Schrodinger equation, which depicts the formation of a dark/grey envelope CDA soliton.


A benchmark is a tool coupled with a methodology for the evaluation and comparison of systems or components with respect to specific characteristics, such as performance, reliability, or security. Benchmarks enable educated purchasing decisions and play a great role as evaluation tools during system design, development, and maintenance. In research, benchmarks play an integral part in evaluation and validation of new approaches and methodologies. Traditional benchmarks have been focused on evaluating performance, typically understood as the amount of useful work accomplished by a system (or component) compared to the time and resources used. Ranging from simple benchmarks, targeting specific hardware or software components, to large and complex benchmarks focusing on entire systems (e.g., information systems, storage systems, cloud platforms), performance benchmarks have contributed significantly to improve successive generations of systems. Beyond traditional performance benchmarking, research on dependability benchmarking has increased in the past two decades. Due to the increasing relevance of security issues, security benchmarking has also become an important research field. Finally, resilience benchmarking faces challenges related to the integration of performance, dependability, and security benchmarking as well as to the adaptive characteristics of the systems under consideration. Each benchmark is characterized by three key aspects: metrics, workloads, and measurement methodology. The metrics determine what values should be derived based on measurements to produce the benchmark results. The workloads determine under which usage scenarios and conditions (e.g., executed programs, induced system load, injected failures/security attacks) measurements should be performed to derive the metrics. Finally, the measurement methodology defines the end-to-end process to execute the benchmark, collect measurements, and produce the benchmark results. The increasing size and complexity of modern systems make the engineering of benchmarks a challenging task. Thus, we see the need for a better education on the theoretical and practical foundations necessary for gaining a deep understanding of benchmarking and the benchmark engineering process. In this talk, we present an overview of a new course focused on systems benchmarking, based on our book "Systems Benchmarking - For Scientists and Engineers" (http://benchmarking-book.com/). The course captures our experiences that have been gained over the past 15 years in teaching a regular graduate course on performance engineering of computing systems. The latter was taught at four different European universities since 2006, including University of Cambridge, Technical University of Catalonia, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, and University of Würzburg. The conception, design, and development of benchmarks requires a thorough understanding of the benchmarking fundamentals beyond understanding of the system under test, including statistics, measurement methodologies, metrics, and relevant workload characteristics. The course addresses these issues in depth; it covers how to determine relevant system characteristics to measure, how to measure these characteristics, and how to aggregate the measurement results in a metric. Further, the aggregation of metrics into scoring systems, as well as the design of workloads, including workload characterization and modeling, are additional challenging topics that are covered. Finally, modern benchmarks and their application in industry and research are studied. We cover a broad range of different application areas for benchmarking, presenting contributions in specific fields of benchmark development. These contributions address the unique challenges that arise in the conception and development of benchmarks for specific systems or subsystems. They also demonstrate how the foundations and concepts of the first part of the course are being used in existing benchmarks.


In this paper, suitable capacitor locations are obtained based on index vector method and fuzzy logic. Power loss indices and voltages at various nodes are supplied as input for Fuzzy Inference System. Capacitor suitability index obtained by Fuzzy logic. Validity of these two methods, is checked by placement of capacitors. Optimal values of the fixed capacitors is given by Index Vector method in the first case and particle swam optimization method is used for second case. The distribution networks with balanced loading and radial configuration is considered for analysis. These methods are tested on a region of the distribution network of the Andhra Pradesh Eastern Power Distribution Corporation consisting of 22 buses. It is observed fuzzy logic with PSO is more effective than conventional Vector Index method.


Introduction Healthcare workers are at a substantially increased risk of being infected by COVID-19 patients. However, risk of being infected is depending on the critical phase of the pandemic, patients with COVID-19 might not be the absolute source of infection. Health workers could also be exposed to infected colleagues, infected family members, lives in communities of active transmission, or infected contacts during crowded events such as wedding reception and religious gathering. Objectives To explore the epidemiology data of COVID-19 infection among health care workers at Malaysia Hospitals especially on patterns of transmission and characteristics. Methods A cross-sectional surveillance study among infected COVID-19 healthcare workers working at Malaysia government hospitals. Results 1608 healthcare staffs at hospitals have been notified with COVID-19 infection in year 2020. By proportion, nursing occupation contribute up to 40.5%, followed by medical doctor (20.8%), healthcare assistant (9.7%), medical doctor assistant (9.1%), medical specialist (3.2%) and hospital administrative assistant (2.8%). Most of cases were reported from Sabah (39.8%), Selangor (27.5%), Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur & Putrajaya (6.7%), Sarawak (6.0%), Perak (5.6%) and Johor (4.7%). By gender, seven out of ten infected healthcare staffs were female and majority of them have no comorbidity (87%). In addition, rate of COVID-19 infection among healthcare workers was proportionately increased with rate of COVID-19 infection among community. Investigation by health authorities found 43.2% of COVID-19 infection cause by community, 36.3% occurred between staff to staff and 17% occurred between patients to staff. Conclusion Preponderance of infection has occurred within hospital environment. Occupational Safety and Health Unit should set up a good engagement with healthcare staff and effective strategies to protect and support the health, safety and wellbeing of staff through deep-rooted assessment of standard practice procedure especially in nursing and care activities. Digital contact tracing could improve contact tracing within hospital setting.


Library in network time summon human solicitude.This article expounds library how to reflect human solicitude in network environment from seven aspects.


To the Editor.— We wish to report a new observation—the appearance of "banded structures" in the stroma of a nerve within a cellular blue nevus. The nerve in the nevus reported herein (Figure) had both myelinated and nonmyelinated fibers. The banded structures were only seen in association with nonmyelinated nerve fibers. With higher magnification, they had a broad base, appearing to arise from the nonmyelinated nerve fiber basement membrane. The distal end was narrow and appeared to blend with stroma (Fig 1, inset). The periodicity varied from 1,600 to 1,800 Angstroms and the maximum width was 3,200 to 3,600 A. No intraperiodic bands were observed. Banded structures similar to those seen by us have been described in schwannomas and are considered to be diagnostic by some investigators.1The presence of such bodies within a cellular blue nevus, therefore, would seem to support the neurogenic origin of these tumors.2


The article defines the regional specificity of the language persona. With the reference to the theory of linguistic persona and personology the author specifies a number of typological features of the linguistic persona of a resident of an Armenian village Edissa Stavropol Territory, located in the Russian-speaking territorial context. Emphasis on ethnic and regional components of this linguistic phenomenon is made. The dictionary of edissian ethnoregion speech represents up-to-date space in which, under the dominance of Russian literary tradition, an oral form of communication incorporating the dynamic equilibrium of the Russian and Turk components, which is gradually violated in favor of the Russian language. The process of natural «linguistic Russification» contributes to the lack of edissian ethnoregion written form.


The construction of embankment over soft clay is quite a challenging job for the geotechnical engineer, which may results in a large settlement, bearing failure and stability issues. Stone columns can be used to minimize the settlement and increase the bearing capacity in such conditions. This study was carried out to investigate the behaviour of bottom ash columns underneath embankments using numerical modelling. The soft soil improved with bottom ash columns under the embankment subjected to traffic-induced loading was simulated in Plaxis 3D foundation software. The study variables include three area replacement ratios (Ar) of 10%, 15% and 20% and two columns length of 5m and 7.5m. The results indicated that enlarging the Ar and length of columns significantly reduced the final settlement and consolidation time. The maximum settlement reduction of 58% was reported for the Ar of 20% with 7.5m column depth. The study suggests that bottom ash columns can be used to improve soft soil underneath the embankment.


The invention relates to an injector for injecting fuel in an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, with at least one movable between a closed position and at least an open position of the valve element, and at least one electromagnet having at least one magnet coil (12) for providing a magnetic field, by means of which the valve member is movable, wherein the injector at least one in addition to the magnet coil (12) provided electrical component (10), by means of which to perform a diagnostic operation of the injector, a building and / or degrading the through the solenoid coil (12) magnetic field provided influenceable is.


vWd is thought to be due to a deficiency of the f. VIII/VWf protein. Nine patients with vWd were investigated and their f. VIII/VWF protein characterized. In patients with < 20% procoagulant activity chromatography of cryoprecipitate revealed only small amounts of antigen and procoagulant activity. The f. VIII /VWF protein was not detectable by Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). In patients with 20-50% f. VIII, both procoagulant and antigenic activity had delayed elution with a plateau of protein in the void volume (Vo). The f. VIII/VWF protein was present in the Vo fractions by PAGE; however, the protein was deficient in carbohydrate (C) as judged by PAS staining. Three patients had > 50% f. VIII, Two patients had normal elution of antigen, protein and procoagulant activity, the other had delayed elution with a unique pattern. In all 3 patients the f. VHI/VWF was seen on PAGE when stained for protein but not C. Plasma f. VIII/VWF arcs in crossed antigen-antibody electrophoresis were anomalous in all 3 patients. vWd may result from gene defects which lead to (1) decreased or absent production of the protein, (2) proteins of altered size and/or (3) proteins with altered C content.


Currently, the research of marine natural gas engine is rare, while the combustion and emission characteristics of natural gas engine are affected greatly by the diesel ignition. This paper built a finite volume combustion model of diesel ignited natural gas engine by AVL FIRE software, and compared experimental data to prove the accuracy of the model, and numerical simulation of the combustion process that the diesel ignited natural gas was carried, analyzed the combustion and emission characteristics of natural gas engines, provided a theoretical basis for the further optimize and design of marine natural gas engine.


This article provides an overview of technical design considerations for IEEE 802.15.4m LRWPAN operating in TVWS. We summarize and discuss TVWS regulatory requirements and LRWPAN applications, the two major driving forces motivating the formation of the new IEEE 802.15.4m standard. These forces define the criteria necessary for consideration during IEEE 802.15.4m system design to meet regulatory requirements and optimize performance. First, system design is presented from the perspective of LR-WPAN channelization with reference to the TV channel plan. Next, design considerations for network architecture and topology are discussed by relating the architecture requirement in TVWS regulations to that in the legacy IEEE 802.15.4 standard. Third, the PHY and MAC layer designs, which are crucial for meeting the criterion of optimizing LR-WPAN performance to support potential applications, are studied. In the PHY layer, the existing design in IEEE 802.15.4 is listed and discussed with regard to its applicability and reusability in TVWS. In the MAC layer, two functional entities, the TVWS operation-enabling feature and the dynamic frequency-band switching mechanism, are discussed with respect to their necessity and practicality for performance enhancement.


Much has been written, many theories expounded, and numerous opinions given, about the relationship and how much correlation there is between accelerated and natural weathering. This article will discuss the various aspects of what could happen when a truck tarpaulin is fabricated, placed on a loaded truck, and driven all over the country. A new, practical test will be described which gives valuable information on whether a coated fabric will perform or not.


The invention discloses a communication event displaying method and device, and relates to the field of terminal application. The communication event displaying method and device can reduce power consumption on the premise that the process that a user reads a communication event is not affected. According to the technical scheme, the communication event displaying method comprises the following steps: a terminal receives the communication event; whether the terminal meets preset local display conditions is detected; if the terminal meets the preset local display conditions, the communication event is displayed in a local display area of a display screen, and the other areas except the local display area keep a backlit and closed state. The communication event displaying method and device are mainly used in the terminal.


The problem of the optimal observation of the behaviour of quasilinear dynamic systems is investigated. A method of finding the asymptotically optimal positional solution by the use of estimators is described.


cells alloy the eff ective function of the T-cells as well as the antigen recognition ability of B cells so that they lack the need of antigen processing, antigen presentation and costimulation being essential for endogenous T-cell function. Among hematological malignancies, the most encouraging results with CAR-T therapy are in pediatric and adolescent patients with relapsed/refractory B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia achieving complete remission rates of 70–90%. Th ere are similarly promising results among others in diff use large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. As for side eff ects, by far the most common side eff ect is the cytokine release syndrome occurring in almost 80% of all cases and oft en presenting in a serious, sometimes even lethal form. Hence, the ongoing studies focus on new generations of CAR-T-cells with better manageability, as well as using combinations and lowering the enormous costs, of this treatment modality representing a major limiting factor nowadays. Th e aim of this review is to describe the present CAR-T repertoire and to outline the therapeutic challenges and the potential solutions thereby allowing a better understanding of the most promising pillar of tumor therapy.


ABSTRACT Globalization, in the case of science education, leads not only to an increase in homogeneity but also to an increase in cultural encounters. In this study, researchers from 2 distinct cultures, South Africa and Finland, used a qualitative approach to probe student teachers' perspectives on chemistry education. Participants were 1st-year chemistry student teachers (n = 80) from South Africa and student teachers (n = 87) from Finland who were in varying stages of their studies. Student teachers' perceptions were categorized using the 5 thematic categories of the culturally responsive teaching model: content integration, facilitating knowledge construction, prejudice reduction, social justice, and academic development. Both the South African and the Finnish student teachers mainly indicated content integration. In addition, facilitating knowledge construction and prejudice reduction were expressed in relation to the need for communication with peers. Social justice was emphasized more in South Africa than in Finland. Academic development was also highlighted, given that understanding the nature of chemistry is necessary to ensuring quality teaching. Furthermore, respondents believed that the ability to apply various teaching and learning methods was essential for successful chemistry teachers.


Background: HHV8-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (HDN) is a rare and aggressive lymphoma that usually arises in association with HHV8-positive multicentric Castleman disease. The epidemiology, treatment patterns and survival outcomes of HDN are poorly understood. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for 67 patients with HDN diagnosed from 2011 to 2020 using the SEER database. The clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment modalities and survival outcomes of HDN patients were evaluated. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression analysis were employed to identify prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). Results: The median age at diagnosis was 51.8 years, and 79.1% of patients were male. The primary site distribution was mainly nodal (79.1%), while the extranodal sites were rarely involved (20.9%). The majority of patients were white (65.7%). Only 3.0% of patients received radiotherapy, while 55.2% received chemotherapy. The 1-year, 3-year and 5-year OS was 67.4%, 65.6%, 58.4%, and 56.3%, respectively, and the corresponding DSS was 73.1%, 73.1%, and 67.8%, respectively. The diagnosis year group of 2016-2020 had a significantly worse OS than the diagnosis year group of 2011-2015 (P = 0.040), but not for DSS (P = 0.074). No significant survival improvement was observed in patients underwent chemotherapy. Age and marital status were independent prognostic factors for OS, and age was an independent prognostic factor for DSS. Conclusions: HDN is a rare and aggressive disease, our study provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, treatment patterns and survival outcomes of HDN patients for the first time. We revealed that older age and marital status of single were associated with worse survival of HDN, while chemotherapy was not associated with improved survival outcomes in HDN patients.


The article established a mechanical model of the strengthened reinforced concrete fish-tailed beam ,made mechanical analysis of the strengthened beam,and then testified the ability of the steel bar and the I-shaped beam,introduced a plan to strengthen the beam with high efficient,low cost and without any effect on the production during the construction of the former plant and also provided a method to solve similar problems.


Thirteen compounds were isolated from the 75% ethanol extract of the aerial parts of Inula nervosa Wall..On the basis of spectral data,they were identified as shionone(1),β-sitosterol(2),α-spinasterol(3),ursolic acid(4),daucosterol(5),bigelovin(6),loliolide(7),24S-ethyl-5α-cholesta-7,22E-dien-3α-ol-β-galactopyranoside(8),spinacetin(9),kaempferol(10),α-spinasterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside(11),benzyl-β-D-glucopyranoside(12),and 2-phenylethyl-β-D-glucopyranoside(13).Compounds 1-3 and 6-13 were isolated from this plant for the first time.


To satisfy uncertain requirements for spare parts,enterprise had to maintain a large number of spare parts inventory which led to aggravation of the cost pressure of the enterprise.To improve this situation,a statistical study on the maintenance replacement rate of the locomotive Maintenance,Repair and Overhaul(MRO)was conducted.Using components'replacement frequency to determine the rationality of replacement rate was discussed.The statistic analysis from the historical data of the locomotive MRO enterprise suggested that the components' replacement rate was conforming to Weilbull distribution of two parameters.The least square method was applied to estimate the parameters distribution.By calculating the errors of the fitting curve,the maximum error of the replacement rate distribution was 2.8414% and the average error was 1.1062%.


From birth until to death people would separate the mind from body of oneself, and they would distinguish themselves from the whole presence. It constitute the ego as identity by separating it from the true human-nature. Donguibogam(東醫寶 鑑) and Ayurveda are the Asian tradition to heal the human b...


SUMMARY (1) The survival dynamics of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were determined, (using a bioassay procedure) for soils stored from 0 5 to 6.0 years in topsoil stockpiles associated with a coal surface-mine in the western United States. (2) Propagule mortality could best be related to in situ soil moisture potential using a piecewise regression model (R2 = 0.57; P < 0.001) with the breaking point occurring at -2 MPa. (3) The addition of length of storage time was found to contribute significantly to the accuracy of the model (R2 = 0-70; P < 0 001). In addition, the piece-wise nature of the data suggested two separate populations of VAM fungi-those propagules found in soils with moisture potentials less than -2 MPa and those occurring in soils with mositure potentials greater than -2 MPa. (4) Soil moisture and length of storage time had differing effects on each of these populations. When water potential was less than -2 MPa, moisture was an important predictor of inoculum (P < 0.001), while length of storage had little predictive capability (P = 0 17), However, when water potentials were greater than -2 MPa, the predictive importance of soil moisture (P = 0 86) and length of storage (P = 0-04) were reversed. (5) The significance of these findings to topsoil replacement and subsequent plant community development are discussed.


FIELD: test equipment. SUBSTANCE: invention refers to machine-building industry, and namely to diagnostics of vehicle brakes. Test bench includes two supports movable in longitudinal direction and having horizontal contact surface for installation of wheels of test axis, drive of supports, which is made on the basis of power cylinder, ball-bearing guides for movement of movable supports in longitudinal direction. Movable supports have no rigid connection to each other and are brought into movement separately with two independent power cylinders from one common pneumatic or hydraulic system. On each movable support there installed are weight sensors, movement start and force sensors, the signals from which through amplifier and analogue-to-digital converter are supplied to computer to be processed; the above converter supplies diagnostics results of brakes of each wheel to printing device and monitor display. Diagnostics of vehicle brakes is performed taking into account irregularity factor of rise of braking torque K TRI , irregularity factor of locking the wheels of one axis as to time K LI and turning moment M TURNING, which characterises the stability of vehicle during braking. EFFECT: increasing accuracy of diagnostics results of vehicle brakes, as well as possibility of determining actual values of braking efficiency parametres of left and right wheel of the test axis and quantitative estimation of stability of vehicle during braking. 2 dwg


FIELD: engines. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to internal combustion engines exhaust gases processing systems. Catalyst protection device includes: catalyst provided in internal combustion engine exhaust system and cleaning exhaust gases; layer temperature data collecting unit, which obtains information on catalyst layer current temperature; increment basic value calculation unit, calculating increment basic value, which is fuel amount increment value basic value, injected by nozzle provided in internal combustion engine, for catalyst cooling, when layer current temperature exceeds preset value to determine overheating temperature; compensator receiving corrected increment value by increment basic value correction using reduction coefficient, calculated using value of layer target temperature, specified explicitly below determination value; and injected fuel amount increasing unit, which selects one of values - increment basic value or corrected increment value. EFFECT: when catalyst protection is necessary, fuel increment value is respectively optimized to acceptable values, however, without excessive reduction. 13 cl, 12 dwg


Aiming at the data deviation of target location in the game ground, which caused by external factors such as area light, vibration in soccer robot vision system, a fusion method of Grubbs criterion and Bayes theory is presented, and the fusion theory in soccer robot vision system is studied. Firstly, the criterion of Grubbs was used to preprocess the negligent error of wireless data in soccer robot vision system, then these data are fused by Bayes theory, lastly, through many times simulation and verification, the deviation inhibition effect and general evaluation is given by comparison.


Contents PREFACE ABBREVIATIONS Introduction BY KNUD HAAKONSSEN 1. REID'S REPUTATION 2. THE DEVELOPMENT OF REID'S MORAL THOUGHT 3. THE COHERENCE OF REID'S MORAL THOUGHT 4. REID'S MANUSCRIPTS AND THE EDITOR'S COMMENTARY 5. INDEX OF MANUSCRIPTS 6. DIAGRAMS OF REID'S SYSTEM Thomas Reid Lectures and Papers on Practical Ethics I. INTRODUCTORY LECTURE II. DUTIES TO GOD III. DUTIES TO OURSELVES: PRUDENCE, TEMPERANCE, FORTITUDE IV. DUTIES TO OTHERS: JUSTICE V. DUTIES TO OTHERS: INDIVIDUALS IN PRIVATE JURISPRUDENCE VI. DUTIES TO OTHERS: INDIVIDUALS IN OECONOMICAL JURISPRUDENCE VII. DUTIES TO OTHERS: INDIVIDUALS IN POLITICAL JURISPRUDENCE VIII. DUTIES TO OTHERS: STATES IX. SUPPLEMENT TO DUTIES TO OURSELVES X. NATURAL LAW AND NATURAL RIGHTS XI. PROPERTY XII. SUCCESSION XIII. ON DISSOLUTION OF OBLIGATIONS AND ON INTERPRETATION XIV. OECONOMICAL JURISPRUDENCE XV. SOCIAL CONTRACT AS IMPLIED CONTRACT XVI. POLITICAL JURISPRUDENCE XVII. RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF STATES Commentary BY KNUD HAAKONSSEN TEXTUAL NOTES BIBLIOGRAPHY INDEX.


<italic>PLOT3D</italic> will accept three-dimensional data in various forms, rotate it in three-space, and plot the projection of the resulting figure onto the <italic>x-y</italic> plane. Those lines or portions of lines which should be hidden by previous lines are masked.


The purpose of the study is to identify possible forms of organization of dialogical interaction of educational process participants in distance education. Research methods included an analysis of information about capabilities and services of distance learning systems in the organization of dialogue of a teacher and students. The main results are presented in the positioning dialogue as an effective form ofpedagogical interaction, which contributes to the formation ofthe subjective position of a teacher and student, their personal development. The authors show the relevance of the educational dialogue between teacher and students in implicit and explicit form with the use of the powerful potential of modern ICT. The paper adduces examples of electronic discussion within an electronic educational resource. The authors highlight the importance ofexpanding the dialogue interaction in the online space through the use offunctionality of learning management systems, we-binars, blogs, video conferencing, Skype technologies, collaboration with an interactive whiteboard, massive open online courses. All these tools can be effectively used in students' learning process. The paper discusses the perspective areas of research on improving the dialogue interaction in distance education.


In this paper, we investigate the L-boundedness of semiclassical Fourier integral operators defined by symbols a(x, ξ) which behave in the spatial variable x like L functions and are smooth in the ξ variable.


A survey is given of the impact of Professor Per Ekwall's research on surfactant systems, internationally and, in particular, on Nordic colloid and interface chemistry.


The present article focuses on the administrative process of the Western Zhou government and addresses the origin of bureaucratic government in China. The article first examines gong 宮 in bronze inscriptions that bore names of individuals or officials, suggesting that such gong had probably functioned as administrative "offices" of the Western Zhou government. Then, it focuses on inscriptions which record appointment ceremonies (ceming 冊命) that took place in the same "offices." These inscriptions show that there was a certain degree of specialization in the arrangement of appointments and in the use of "offices" for particular administrative tasks. In the appointment ceremonies, Western Zhou officials were normally accompanied by superior officials from the same government units, showing that there were three functional divisions in Western Zhou government administration: royal household, civil administration, and military. Each division operated as a relatively closed system and ceming was a routine administrative procedure within the system. Finally, the article studies the role of the Zhou king in administration, showing that while engaging in the operation of government through his "ritual" role in the appointment ceremony, his visits to various gong seem to have followed a certain routine. The evidence in bronze inscriptions strongly suggests that the Western Zhou government was the earliest bureaucratic government in China.


The natural and radiation-induced electric conductivity of liquid tungsten hexafluoride was investigated. Due to the large electron transfer of WF/sub 6/ the barrier for electron transfer from the metal cathode into the liquid is less than 1 eV. Formation of negative ions near the cathode takes place and the magnitude of the current density is determined by the rate of escape of these ions due to diffusion and externally applied electric field. The radiation-induced charge-carrier yield was measured as a function of the electric field strength. Although the ion yield per unit of absorbed energy is much smaller than in hydrocarbons, due to the high-density WF/sub 6/ a comparable number of ions is produced if equal volumes are compared.<<ETX>>


Technological advancement has brought changes in the media. The advent of the Internet has contributed to the dissemination of information in various formats and in real time. Therefore, it is important to think about journalism's role in society, since the traditional media are not the only sources of news and the public opinion has become increasingly important. By observing the changes made to the Jornal Nacional, between April and July 2015, it was possible to identify a set of messages, not explicit, presented in television news showing interest in get near to the public, influence of publications on social networks and attempt to renew TV newscast image. This way, this research was conducted to analyze the changes announced by the journal, considering the strategies used and establishing the relationship between the changes in Jornal Nacional and the influence of social networks. For it was made an exploratory study using the French side of Discourse Analysis to compare the newscast situation before the change with what was presented after. Moreover, its studies the possible messages, not officially spoken on the news, but they are understandable. It is considered that in a national TV newscast all the changes, explicit or not, are made by a prior assessment of the impact they have on society. Therefore, it is important to address what messages each change show to the viewer.


Six non-diabetic CAPD patients were infused over six hours with two litres of a dialysis solution containing 2 g/ dl amino acids (a mixture of essentials and non-essentials). The osmolality of the solution and the amount of ultrafiltration it induced were simiiar to that of a 4.25 g% dextrose Dianeal solution (control), suggesting that an amino acid solution is an efficient osmotic agent. By the end of the six-hour infusion, 80 to 90% of the amino acids present in the dialysis solution had been absorbed. One hour after the infusion was instituted, plasma amino acid levels increased threefold and subsequently decreased to near the initial value by the sixth hour. The amino acid solution was as effective as the dextrose solution in removing urea nitrogen, creatinine and potassium. Our data indicate that intraperitoneal administration of amino acids is effective and well-tolerated in patients on CAPD. We believe further work should be done to determine whether long-term administration of amino acids by this route will improve the nutritional status of these patients and prevent the side effects of daily absorption of large amounts of glucose.


The tourism in Portugal has been an important contribution to the economic development of the country, namely in zones where is difficult to implement others activities, specifically the manufacturing. The objective of this work is to analyze, for the period 2002-2011, with spatial econometric techniques (using the GeoDa informatics program), the statistic data, available in the Statistics Portugal (INE), of some variables related with the tourism in the NUTs III of Portugal Continental, namely: capacity (N.o) in accommodation establishments; capacity in accommodation establishments per 1000 inhabitants (N.o); nights (N.o) in accommodation establishments; nights in accommodation establishments per 100 inhabitants (N.o); accommodation establishments (N.o); average stay (N.o) in accommodation establishments; customers (N.o) in accommodation establishments; proportion of foreign customers (%); and net rate of bed occupancy (%) in accommodation establishments. The first, third, fifth, sixth, seventh and ninth variables were further disaggregated for the several forms of accommodation establishments, as following: all accommodation establishments; hotels; pensions; guesthouses; inns; motels; hotels-apartments; holiday villages; and tourist apartments. The data was used in average and the econometric analyses were cross section. There are some signs of spatial autocorrelation in some variables and some forms of accommodation establishments.


Despite considerable interest and investigations on cationic lipid–DNA complexes, reports on lipid–RNA interaction are very limited. In contrast to lipid–DNA complexes where lipid binding induces partial B to A and B to C conformational changes, lipid–tRNA complexation preserves tRNA folded state. This study is the first attempt to investigate the binding of cationic lipid with transfer RNA and the effect of lipid complexation on tRNA aggregation and condensation. We examine the interaction of tRNA with cholesterol (Chol), 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP), dioctadecyldimethylammoniumbromide (DDAB) and dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE), at physiological condition, using constant tRNA concentration and various lipid contents. FTIR, UV-visible, CD spectroscopic methods and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to analyze lipid binding site, the binding constant and the effects of lipid interaction on tRNA stability, conformation and condensation. Structural analysis showed lipid–tRNA interactions with G–C and A–U base pairs as well as the backbone phosphate group with overall binding constants of KChol = 5.94 (± 0.8) × 104 M–1, KDDAB = 8.33 (± 0.90) × 105 M–1, KDOTAP = 1.05 (± 0.30) × 105 M–1 and KDOPE = 2.75 (± 0.50) × 104 M–1. The order of stability of lipid–tRNA complexation is DDAB > DOTAP > Chol > DOPE. Hydrophobic interactions between lipid aliphatic tails and tRNA were observed. RNA remains in A-family structure, while biopolymer aggregation and condensation occurred at high lipid concentrations.


In this paper, direct torque control (DTC) of hybrid stepping motor was investigated. Because of the structural characteristics, stepping motor is usually used for open-looped control. But, only the average torque of stepping motor is controlled by traditional control strategy, which causes intense ripple of torque and speed. Therefore, the torque must be controlled instantaneously to improve the performance of stepping motor. At first, open-looped control of stepping motor is analyzed. In order to get excellent performance, the curves of acceleration and deceleration of stepping motor must be calculated beforehand. Secondly, DTC of AC motor is introduced into the control of hybrid stepping motor. The effects of stator voltage space vectors on stator flux linkage and torque are also analyzed in details. Finally, a sensorless direct torque control system of hybrid stepping motor based on DSP-TMS320F240 is built up. The simulations and experiments validated the feasibility of the proposed system


By mere chance I became familiar with the title subject of this contribution when reading a German stamp auction catalogue. Surprisingly, I found a 5 Pf dark-green Adolf Hitler definitive stamp of Deutsches Reich 1941 (Fig. 1) specially recommended. This piece should be remarkable due to an outstanding bismuth sulphide, Bi2S3, addition to the printing colour pigment. This bismuth-compound immediately found my interest as a scientist and stamp collector. After some time I was able to buy one exemplar with a certificate by the late German BPP Emil Ludin+ in an internet shop for a moderate price, while by auction about 100. Euro and more had to be paid.


Based on data of application and funded projects provided by the internet-based science information system(ISIS) of National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC) in recent years,statistical analysis of the NSFC obtained by Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from the year 2006 to 2010 had been done in this paper.And on this basis,the successful experience and problems of the Foundation project management in our institute during the "11th five-year plan" period were summarized.Furthermore,the rationalization proposals were given in order to enhance the level of fund management in the future.


Objective To investigate the efficacy of Orem self-nursing theory in nursing of patients with rectal carcinoma after Miles' operation.Methods Sixty patients with rectal carcinoma were randomly divided into 2 groups,each with 30 cases.Normal nursing was applied in patients of control group and Orem self-nursing was applied in patients of Orem group.The understanding in knowledge correlated to nursing after Miles' operation was surveyed and compared among patients of these two groups before their discharge from hospital.Results The level of correlated knowledge in patients of Orem group was obviously higher than those in control group.Conclusion The application of Orem self-nursing theory in nursing care of patients with rectal carcinoma after Miles' operation may help patients to improve their quality of survival.


SummaryCryotherapy can destroy localised hepatic tumours while sparing normal liver tissue if some elementary rules are followed. Due to advances in instrumentation, cryogenic lesions can now be reliably produced. For the safe placement of cryoprobes, intraoperative ultrasound (US) is indispensable. Synergistic freezing with several probes is recommended for tumours > 2–3 cm. The ice-front should exceed the diameter of the lesion by a minimum of 1 cm. Tissue temperatures of −50d`C are required.The results from our first 18 patients (8/93–7/96) with unresectable liver metastases are encouraging. 55% of the patients treated with open cryosurgery were alive at a follow-up of 24 months. In contrast to the open approach, five of 13 lesions in patients treated percutaneously could not be completely destroyed. Due to the high probability of extrahepatic disease in liver metastases, it seems unlikely that a percutaneous or laparoscopic approach will be standard in the future. Nevertheless, cryoablation of unresec...


We studied primary callus isogenic for the PPD genes, controlling photoperiodic sensitivity, in lines of winter wheat. Genotypic dependence on the processes of callus formation, the rate of formation of callus tissue, size and number of cells, biomass accumulation, and water content was established. The genotype of the isolines, determining photoperiodic sensitivity in vivo, has an impact on the process of induction and on the characteristics of primary callus NILs in vitro. introduction. Methods of cultivating isolated plant cells are a unique tool for studying fundamental biological problems. Despite numerous research in cereal morphogenesis in vitro, many questions remain unresolved (Tyankova and Zagorska 2001; Wang and Wei 2004). The role of a particular genetic system or separate genes in the regulation of explants ability to cultivation in vitro is possible to study. To solve these problems, using near-isogenic lines (NILs) with a known connection between gene expression and its phenotype are a convenient system to use. Two basic gene systems in soft wheat define the type and rates of development (Stelmakh 1998). VRN genes (requiree for vernalization) determine spring/ winter type, and PPD genes determine photoperiodic sensitivity. NILs of PPD genes differ in development rates, which are shown in short-day conditions (photoperiod). Isoline PPD B1 shows the maximum sensitivity; PPD D1a and PPD A1a have a low degree of sensitivity, so they are almost photoperiodically neutral. These genetic systems are actively investigated at the molecular level in cereal flowering regulation (White et al. 2008; Wang et al. 2009; Bentley et al. 2010). The PPD system of genes also seems to take part in the control of callus initiation in vitro. This research investigated the influence of the PPD gene system on callus genesis processes and the cytological and morpho-physiological characteristics of primary callus from NILs of the wheat cultivar Mironovskay 808. materials and methods. Genotypes of soft winter wheat NILs for photoperiod sensitivity genes PPD D1a, PPD B1a, PPD A1a, and PPD D1b PPD B1b PPD A1b were used as objects of study. For callus production and quality explants, we used mature germs, which were cultivated on a nutrient Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium with a full set of macro and micro salts and containing 2,4 D (2 mg/l) as a growth regulator, 0.7% agar, 3% sucrose, and 10 mg/L AgNO3. Explants were cultivated in an incubator at 26°С in the dark for 1.5 months. Growth rate was measured as the area of callus tissues per unit of time. Cytohistological observations of crushed preparations were made using a light microscope PZO (Warszava). Crude and dry biomass were defined at the end of cultivation, 45 days after the first passage. The quantity of soluble protein was calculated by the Loury method, allocating these fractions with tris-НСl buffer рН 5.6 and further photocolorimetrical analysis (730 nm) after reaction of the protein with Folin reactant. Results were from 4–5 independent experiments in not less than 4–5 Petri dishes or flasks (6–7 explants). Mean values and the least significant differences (LSD 0.5) are presented in the tables. results and discussion. Al investigated genotypes were capable of inducing primary callus, which we had shown previously (Avksentyeva et al. 2008). Primary callus from mature germ was dense, less watery, yellowish, and characterized by some elements of differentiation that were confirmed microscopically (Fig. 1A, p. 216). The most effective growth in vitro was detected in PPD B1a, 93.12%, less effective was PPD А1a, 61.30% (Table 1). The speed of growth was determined by the increase of callus area for a table 1. Growth of primary calluses NILs for PPD genes of wheat cultivar Mironovskay 808. genotype % of callus genesis callus growth rate mm2/day


The metabolites of the two anti-tumour drugs, N2-methyl-9-hydroxyellipticinium acetate (9-OH-NME, NSC 264137) and N2-methyl-9-hydroxyolivacinium acetate (9-OH-NMO), in bile of i.v.-treated rats have been studied. Three products have been identified in the bile: the unmetabolized drug (17% excreted products for ellipticinium, 3% for olivacinium derivative); a major metabolite, the corresponding 9-(O)-glucuronide (80 and 96%, respectively) and a minor metabolite, a possible 10-(S)-glutathione conjugate (3 and 1%). The elimination yield of these three products excreted over a period of 12 h represents 36% (ellipticinium) and 74% (olivacinium) of the administered dose. The detection of glucuronide and glutathione conjugates of these pyridinium derivatives was possible by direct injection of bile on to h.p.l.c. without prior extraction with organic solvents, in which these polar metabolites are poorly soluble. Metabolites were tentatively identified by the comparison of h.p.l.c. behaviour (retention times and u.v. absorption ratios) with those of reference samples. Reference conjugates have been prepared by chemical synthesis for the 9-(O)-glucuronides and by biosynthesis for the 10(S)-glutathione derivatives. The detection of the GSH conjugates in bile can be considered as the first experimental evidence of the involvement of oxidative activation in vivo of these ellipticine and olivacine derivatives.


This article designed to examine patronage practice in the 2014 general election in Ogan Ilir district, South Sumatera Province, Indonesia, before and after election in one electoral area (Ogan Ilir 1). We apply Nine Step to Victory (Alamsyah, 2015) framework to achieve this goal. Our key informants are some legislative candidates and their brokerage or winning team at various level. Primary data gathered through depth interview and secondary data collected from the government institution. This data will be analyzed using interactive model (Miles, Huberman, and Saldana, 1994). Drawing on the qualitative approach, we find that, before election day, all candidates in this area practicing vote buying and patronage to get political support from the voters. A form of patronage dominated by club goods, and cash transfer (transport allowance, communication and consumption cost, and vote buying). We do not find incumbency candidate who is practicing fork barrel. After election day, especially when the winner candidates, has been working as a legislator, he has an obligation to continuing patronage through informal and cultural networking (personal or community event). In this various event, he must deliver goods, services, or money to the people (as an individual or group). Our results are strengthening the previous finding that all candidates have begun implementing patronage strategy when they are recruiting the winning team, campaign, and realize vote buying. Family, especially extended family, and friendship is the primary foundation for all candidates to build brokerage (the winning team) structure. All candidates also using "by name by address" strategy to guide vote-buying practice. We discuss this finding, showing limitation and agenda for the research on this topic.


This study aims to determine the meaning of self-confidence in the order of denotation signs and Roland Barthes' connotations in the film Imperfect: Career, Love, & Scales. The model used in this research is Rolan Barthes' Connotation Sign Order and Denotation model, in the analysis of the film there are several connotation and denotation meanings contained in each Scane film. Based on these objectives, the method used in this study is descriptive qualitative. A qualitative approach to communication emphasizes how an approach can reveal the meanings of existing communication content. Qualitative research focuses on the general principles that underlie the manifestation of a meaning from social phenomena in society


The social and economic conditions for the incorporation of immigrants have changed dramatically over the course of the last century. Today, an increasing number of immigrants arrive with high levels of skills and economic resources. Nevertheless, immigrants continue to be faced with the task of developing social relationships in their new environment, both with members of their ethnic group and with members of the larger society. This article investigates the influence of the workplace on the structure of social networks among affluent immigrants, the type of support (i.e. social, emotional, or instrumental) provided by relationships with co-workers, and the different strategies of men and women in establishing and maintaining social relationships. Findings are based on ethnographic research conducted in 1997 and 1998 on the social networks of affluent first generation immigrants from Taiwan to Orange County, California.


Based on analyzing fire image characteristic,this paper introduced a kind of the method of the contour extraction and flame detection according to the image characteristics of flame,which was based on threshold value of the area and set operations.Firstly,the method turned the grays image into a binary image by using threshold which gave birth to iterative threshold method.Secondly,the connected regions were operated according to the knowledge of set theory.Thirdly,noises were removed and objects'outlines were extracted according to the area threshold.Finally,flames were tested according to the blame's color distribution features.The experimental results show that the method is accurate,effective,and robust.


Shortage of improved varieties and low soil nitrogen status are some of the major constraints limiting durum wheat grain quality in Bale Zone in Ethiopia, which is the major wheat producing belt in the country. Therefore, an on-farm experiment was conducted in 2014/15 growing season at Sinana, south-eastern Ethiopia, to assess the effect of nitrogen fertilizer rate on grain quality of durum wheat varieties. Factorial combinations of four durum wheat varieties (Tate, Toltu, Dire and Inglizi) and six rates of nitrogen (0, 35, 70, 105, 140 and 175 kg N ha -1 ) were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Among the cultivars studied Tate was superior in most quality parameters. The highest N level 175 kg N ha -1 also gave in the standard quality range which is desirable for pasta making. The vitreousity of the cultivars also varied from 68.3% (Inglizi) to 95.4 % (Tate). Grain protein content (12.5 %, mb) of the cultivars ranged from 10.9 % (Inglizi) to 12.2 % (Tate). Other quality parameters studied such as particle size index, gluten index, SDS-sedimentation volume and Chopin alveograph (dough deformation energy, elasticity and extensibility) also varied depending on cultivars and N fertilizer rates used. Variety Toltu was superior to Chopin alveograph and the highest N rate (175 kg N ha -1 ) gave the highest dough elasticity and extensibility. Variety Tate had the highest gluten strength (57.4 ml) as determined by SDS- sedimentation test. The maximum gluten index was obtained from Dire (71%) while the lowest was from Inglizi (36%).


The armed conflict in Northern Uganda led to a large number of internally displaced persons (IDPs). After the government announced the declaration of free movement on 30 October 2006, a large number of IDPs left camps. Transition from camp life to post-camp life has important implications for population well-being. This paper uses the Ugandan National Household Survey conducted in 2005-2006 and 2009-2010 and a difference-in-differences method to estimate changes in IDPs' well-being measured by self-reported heath as well as household food consumption. We do not find a significant effect of leaving camps on self-reported illness and household food consumption but we find a significant effect on the choice of healthcare providers utilised. The postcamp effect was estimated to increase the use of non-free health providers, an effect composed of more visits to informal providers and greater choice of formal private providers, when formal providers are utilised. Those findings shed light on policy-relevant issues in the areas of land rights, recovery of public health systems and gender inequalities in well-being.


The levels of normoblasts in the bone marrow of six groups of female Sprague--Dawley rats previously exposed to a 1.0 R dose of x rays were compared with those in sham-exposed animals at intervals from 14 hr to 10 weeks postirradiation. Four parameters were analyzed, the percentage of normoblasts in Wright's Giemsa stained marrow smears, and the number of erythroid precursors per milligram of isolated marrow sample, per whole femur, and per entire skeleton. The studies were based on marrow examinations and on $sup 59$Fe tracer data. At all intervals except the earliest, [14 hr], significant elevations in the percentage of normoblasts were found in the bone marrow. In addition, at 6 and 10 weeks postirradiation increases were found in the number of normoblasts in the isolated marrow samples, whole femurs, and total skeletons. When compared 81 hr after phlebotomy, subnormal increases in normoblast levels were found in all four parameters of the irradiated subjects. The results suggest that x irradiation at this dose level can induce an abnormal marrow function manifested by an elevated number of normoblasts and, after phlebotomy, by a subnormal proliferation of the erythroid precursors. (auth)


Fields can be represented in a discrete manner from their values at some locations, the nodes when considering finite element descriptions. Thus, each discrete scalar solution can be considered as a point in RN (N being the number of nodes used for approximating the scalar field). Most manifold learning techniques (linear and nonlinear) are based on the fact that those solutions define a slow manifold of dimension n N embedded in the space RN . This paper explores such a behavior in systems exhibiting phase transitions in order to analyze the evolution of the local dimensionality n when the system moves from one side of the critical behavior to the other. For that purpose we consider the Ising model.


Foreword by Judge Barrington D. Parker Introduction and Historical Review Rules of Law and Burdens of Proof: From Durham to the Insanity Defense Reform Act of 1984 Expert Witnesses in the Insanity Defense Trials The Jury and the Insanity Defense Survey of Judges, Prosecutors, Defense Attorneys, and Mental Health Professionals Alternatives: The Movement to Abolish the Defense, and the Guilty but Mentally Ill Verdicts How Other Countries View the Insanity Defense Depictions of the Insanity Defense in Fiction and Theater Appendix: Insanity Defense Standards, Burden of Proof, and Verdict Forms Bibliography Index


intervention. After the early-phase dose escala- tion, the long-term daily treatment dose stabilized at 1.8–3.0 mg (median 2.4). Therapy was accompanied by nutritional and behavioral intervention. Following 4–15 months on therapy (median 6), BMI declined to 31.5–61.6 Kg/m 2 (median 35.6; p<0.05 vs. treatment onset). BMI dropped by 6.5% (median; range −12.7 to +3.0%; p<0.05). Therapy was terminat- ed in two boys due to questionable success, and is ongoing in all others. Treatment related adverse events were minimal. Liraglutide may contribute to stabilization or reduction of body weight and BMI in a significant proportion of se- verely obese adolescents.


Purpose: To assess the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of individual contrast-enhanced helical CT findings of acute appendicitis. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the appendiceal helical CT scans, obtained after intra-venous contrast administration (abdomen; 7-mm collimation, abdominopelvic junction; 5-mm collimation), of 50 patients with surgically proven acute appendicitis and 112 with alternative diagnoses. The following para-meters were analysed by three radiologists: enlarged appendix (> 6 mm in diameter), appendiceal wall thickening, appendiceal wall enhancement, no identification of the appendix, appendicolith(s), (appendiceal) intraluminal air, (appendiceal) intraluminal air extraluminal air, periappendiceal fat stranding, extraluminal fluid, phlegmon, abscess, lymphadenopathy, terminal ileal wall thickening, focal cecal apical thickening, focal colonic wall thickening, and segmental colonic wall thickening. Results: The CT findings of acute appendicitis that statistically distinguished it from alternative diagnoses were an enlarged appendix (sensitivity; 92%, specificity; 93%, diagnostic accuracy; 93%), appendiceal wall thickening (for these three parameters: 68%, 96% and 88%, respectively), periappendiceal fat stranding (90%, 79%, 82%), appendiceal wall enhancement (72%, 86%, 82%), appendicolith (16%, 100%, 74%), and focal cecal apical thickening (14%, 100%, 74%) (for each, p < 0.05). Conclusion: On thin-section contrast-enhanced helical CT, an enlarged appendix and periappendiceal fat stranding were found in 90% or more patients with acute appendicitis. Appendiceal wall thickening and enhancement were clearly demonstrated and significant findings for diagnosis. Less common but specific findings include appendicolith, focal cecal apical thickening and intramural air, can also help us establish a diagnosis of acute appendicitis.


Melasma is a kind of skin disease,it creates bad effects on apperence.The number of melanosome increases in affected part of skin.Melasma can be classified into several types.The authors analyzed causes of the disease and provided some methods of treatment.


Nanocombs composed of crystalline α-Si3N4 inner core and amorphous SiO2 outer shell were synthesized by a simple one-step method of direct current arc discharge without the addition of any catalysts or templates. The morphology and structure of the nanocombs were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, TEM and FTIR.The photoluminescence(PL) spectrum of the nanocombs shows two strong emission peaks at about 450 nm and511 nm. The growth mechanism of the α-Si3N4/SiO core-shell nanocombs can be considered as plasma-assisted vapor-solid mechanism.


Canonical massless fermion field is constructed from canonical boson field in 1+1 dimensional space. Single‐fermion states are expressed in terms of eigenstates of boson operators.


JOURNAL OF ISLAMIC LAW | SPRING 2020 Brunei's recent implementation of a new penal code (hereincluding calls to boycott the Sultan of Brunei's overseas investments.1 The harshest criticism has been reserved for sections of for (sodomy), 2 While these sections deserve attention, other less-noticed parts of the Code are potentially of greater conignores classical Islamic law's substantive and procedural constraints in favor of criminalizing more conduct. cant departures from classical Islamic law and its prescribed limto punish "persons without legal capacity," described as "not mu " in the Code. 1 Lauren M. Holson & Emily S. Rueb, Brunei Hotel Boycott Gathers Steam , (Apr. 3, 2019), https://www.nytimes. com/2019/04/03/world/asia/brunei-hotel-boycotts.html [https://perma.cc/G57VRP3Z]; L.A. Will Press Boycott of Beverly Hills Hotel Despite Brunei Death Penalty Reprieve, (May 8, 2019), https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-mebeverly-hills-hotel-boycott-20190508-story.html [https://perma.cc/WH8X-NV7V]; Kate Rooney, Wall Street Banks Boycott Brunei-Owned Hotels After Kingdom Makes Homosexuality Punishable by Death, CNBC (Apr. 29, 2019), https://www.cnbc. com/2019/04/29/wall-street-boycotts-brunei-owned-hotels-after-gay-death-penaltylaw.html [https://perma.cc/NCT5-SMUU]; Jack Sidders & Will Mathis, U.K. Property Brokers Shun Brunei Fund over Anti-Gay Laws, (May 2, 2019), https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-05-02/u-k-property-brokers-saidto-shun-brunei-fund-for-anti-gay-laws [https://perma.cc/4U3T-ZMMA]; U.N. Joins Clooney in Decrying "Inhuman" Brunei Anti-Gay Law, (Apr. 1, 2019), https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/apr/01/brunei-cruel-and-inhuman-law-onstoning-for-gay-sex-condemned-by-un [https://perma.cc/R4PV-T9VW]. 2 Brunei's Pernicious New Penal Code, (May 22, 2019), https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/05/22/bruneis-pernicious-new-penal-code [https://perma.cc/Y6NH-QKRG]; Francesca Paris, Death by Stoning Among Punishments in New Brunei Anti-LGBT, Criminal Laws, NPR (Apr. 3, 2019), https://www. npr.org/2019/04/03/709359137/death-by-stoning-among-punishments-in-new-brunei-anti-lgbt-criminal-laws [https://perma.cc/3D5G-JZJD]. 3 Syariah Penal Code Order (SPCO) 2013 (No. S 69) (Oct. 22, 2013) [hereinafter SPCO], http://www.agc.gov.bn/AGC%20Images/LAWS/Gazette_PDF/2013/ EN/s069.pdf [https://perma.cc/VUL5-W8QM]. See, e.g., SPCO § 70 (2013) 1704–05. Symposium on Brunei's New Islamic Criminal Code law assessed capacity prior to assigning legal responsibility or criminal liability.4 ishes actors it does not deem legally responsible. For instance, committed by persons without legal capacity, including pre-pubescent minors (non-b ligh). One might be tempted to think Brunei views as a strict liability crime, the Code account for mental state. panding criminalization and allowing actors that technically lack prohibited conduct. Furthermore, although the Code includes Islamic law's lish liability for , the Code considers absence of this evidence as only a defense. Instead, the Code creates a second-tier crime where the four eyewitnesses may not be present but This structure departs from the norms of classical Islamic law, where failure to produce four witnesses in stituted a complete defense.10 In fact, the absence of four credible


In this note, we consider the nonparametric two-sample problem of testing the equality of two discrete distribution functions F and G, against three different alternatives: H\\ F < G and F Φ G, H2~ F > G and F φ G, and H3: F φ G. We find surprisingly that, if both of the sample sizes exceed three then some randomized (two-sided and one-sided) Wilcoxon tests are inadmissible, and if one sample size does not exceed three then all randomized Wilcoxon tests are admissible. The necessary and sufficient conditions for a class of randomized linear rank tests (for both one-sided tests and two-sided tests), which includes the Wilcoxon test, the Fisher-Yates test, the Savage test and the median test, to be admissible are established.


Chinese-medicinal sober-up oral drug includes oral liquor and safety particles. Said oral liquor is prepared with 13 Chinese herbal medicines such as pueraria root, red bean flower, red ginseng, etc. and said safety particles is made of 16 Chinese herbal medicine including pueraria root, red bean flower, pueraria flower, etc. It can quickly stimulate secretion of alpha-2-aldehyde dehydrogenase and beta-2 aldehyde dehydrogenase, which has the function of preventing tipsy and sobering-up.


Jean-Claude Delaunay, Class Struggle and Citizenship in Contemporary France In France at the present time, the relation between class struggle and citizenship is in flux because of important changes in the definition of geographical space. Review of the evolution in the articulation between class struggle and citizenship over the past two centuries reveals the uniqueness of the present period.


Soft self‐healing materials are compelling candidates for stretchable devices because of their excellent compliance, extensibility, and self‐restorability. However, most existing soft self‐healing polymers suffer from crack propagation and irreversible fatigue failure due to easy breakage of their dynamic amorphous, low‐energy polymer networks. Herein, inspired by distinct structure–property relationship of biological tissues, a supramolecular interfacial assembly strategy of preparing soft self‐healing composites with unprecedented crack propagation resistance is proposed by structurally engineering preferentially aligned lamellar structures within a dynamic and superstretchable poly(urea‐ureathane) matrix (which is elongated to 24 750× its original length). Such a design affords a world‐record fracture energy (501.6 kJ m−2), ultrahigh fatigue threshold (4064.1 J m−2), and outstanding elastic restorability (dimensional recovery from 13 times elongation), and preserving low modulus (1.2 MPa), high stretchability (3200%), and high room‐temperature self‐healing efficiency (97%). Thereby, the resultant composite represents the best of its kind and even surpasses most biological tissues. The lamellar 2D transition‐metal carbide/carbonitride (MXene) structure also leads to a relatively high in‐plane thermal conductivity, enabling composites as stretchable thermoconductive skins applied in joints of robotics to thermal dissipation. The present work illustrates a viable approach how autonomous self‐healing, crack tolerance, and fatigue resistance can be merged in future material design.


The database summarization system coined S<scp>aint</scp>E<scp>ti</scp>Q provides multi-resolution summaries of structured data stored into acentralized database. Summaries are computed online with a conceptual hierarchical clustering algorithm. However, most companies work in distributed legacy environments and consequently the current centralized version of S<scp>aint</scp>E<scp>ti</scp>Q is either not feasible (privacy preserving) or not desirable (resource limitations).
 To address this problem, we propose new algorithms to generate a single summary hierarchy given two distinct hierarchies, without scanning the raw data. The Greedy Merging Algorithm (GMA) takes all leaves of both hierarchies and generates the optimal partitioning for the considered data set with regards to a cost function (compactness and separation). Then, a hierarchical organization of summaries is built by agglomerating or dividing clusters such that the cost function may emphasize local or global patterns in the data. Thus, we obtain two different hierarchies according to the performed optimisation. However, this approach breaks down due to its exponential time complexity.
 Two alternative approaches with constant time complexity w.r.t. the number of data items, are proposed to tackle this problem. The first one, called Merge by Incorporation Algorithm (MIA), relies on the S<scp>aint</scp>E<scp>ti</scp>Q engine whereas the second approach, named Merge by Alignment Algorithm (MAA), consists in rearranging summaries by levels in a top-down manner.
 Then, we compare those approaches using an original quality measure in order to quantify how good our merged hierarchies are. Finally, an experimental study, using real data sets, shows that merging processes (MIA and MAA) are efficient in terms of computational time.


The openness of computer networks to share data security has brought new challenges.Construction safety of computer networks becomes an urgent hope various network terminal users.From the construction of secure computer networks and the perspective of software and hardware,this thesis expounds the Internet security problems,and aiming at some intrusion means puts forward corresponding measures to strengthen the safety construction.


Ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) are simple tools used for rapid measurement of nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) and potassium (K) concentrations in plant sap. With the development of best management practices (BMPs), interest exists in using ISEs for soil leachate and soil and fertilizer solutions. Nitrate N and K concentrations in the 0 to 10,000 mg L–1 ISE working range were measured in diluted solutions of common salts to assess ionic interference of calcium (Ca2+), ammonium (NH4 +), chloride (Cl–), and sulfate (SO4 2–). The effects of meter (replication) were unexpectedly significant in one out of three ranges for NO3-N and K (P values of 0.50, 0.72, and 0.01 for NO3-N and 0.99, 0.01, and 0.74 for K, for the 0–100, 100–1,000 and 1,000–10,000 mg L–1 ranges, respectively). The responses of calculated NO3-N and K concentrations to measured NO3-N and K concentrations were linear, but slopes ranged from 0.85 to 1.54, from 0.24 to 2.72, and from 0.93 to 5.48 for NO3-N and from 0.80 to 1.01, from 0.71 to 1.39, and from 0.93 to 2.21 for K for the 0–100, 100–1,000, and 1,000–10,000 mg L–1 measuring ranges, respectively. All slopes were significantly different from zero, and several were significantly different from each other and the 1:1 line. Pairwise slope comparisons conducted with covariance analysis showed that SO4 2– alone interfered with NO3-N measurements at concentrations ranging from 34 to 171 mg L–1, which was less than the manufacturer's information, and by its presence in combination with K+, NH4 +, Ca2+, and Cl– within the medium and high concentration ranges. Potassium measurements were not subject to interference from the ions tested for all three concentration ranges. These results highlight the importance of using quality assurance / quality control (QA/QC) samples in the set of unknown samples to detect inacceptable departure from linearity in routine analysis. The increase in measurement variability from one range to the next showed the importance of keeping measurements within a single concentration range by using dilutions. Hence, ISEs may be used for field measurements of NO3-N and K concentrations in soil leachate as well as soil and nutrient solutions and are therefore a practical BMP tool. However, ISEs should not be used as substitutes for the laboratory methods when official measurements are needed.


Static Single Assignment enables the efficient implementation of many important decompiler components, including expression propagation, preservation analysis, type analysis, and the analysis of indirect jumps and calls. Source code is an essential part of all software development. It is so valuable that when it is not available, it can be worthwhile deriving it from the executable form of computer programs through the process of decompilation. There are many applications for decompiled source code, including inspections for malware, bugs, and vulnerabilities; interoperability; and the maintenance of an application that has some or all source code missing. Existing machine code decompilers, in contrast to existing decompilers for Java and similar platforms, have significant deficiencies. These include poor recovery of parameters and returns, poor handling of indirect jumps and calls, and poor to nonexistent type analysis. It is shown that use of the Static Single Assignment form (SSA form) enables many of these deficiencies to be overcome. SSA enables or assists with: • data How analysis, particularly expression propagation; • the identification of parameters and returns, without assuming ABI compliance; • preservation analysis (whether a location is preserved across a call), which is needed for analysing parameters and return locations; • type analysis, implemented as a sparse data flow problem; and • the analysis of indirect jumps and calls. Expression propagation is a key element of a decompiler, since it allows long sequences of individual instruction semantics to be combined into more complex, high level statements. Parameters, returns, and types are features of high level languages that do not appear explicitly in machine code programs, hence their recovery is important for readability and the ability to recompile the generated code. In addition, type analysis is either absent from existing machine code decompilers, or is limited to a relatively simple propagation of types from library function calls. The analysis of indirect jumps and calls is important for finding all code in a machine code program, and enables the translation of important high level program elements such as switch statements, assigned gotos, virtual function calls, and calls through function pointers. Because of these challenges, machine code decompilers are the most interesting case. Existing machine code decompilers are weak at identifying parameters and returns, particularly where parameters are passed in registers, or the calling convention is non standard. A general analysis of parameters and returns is demonstrated, using new devices such as Collectors. These analyses become more complex in the presence of recursion. The elimination of redundant parameters and returns are shown to be global analyses, implying that for a general decompiler, procedures can not be finalised until all other procedures are analysed. Full type analysis is discussed, where the semantics of individual instructions, as well as information from library calls, contribute to the solution. A sparse, iterative, data How based approach is compared with the more common constraint based approach. The former requires special functions to handle the multiple constraints that result from overloaded operators such as addition and subtraction. Special problems arise with aggregate types (arrays and structures), and address taking of variables. Indirect branch instructions are often handled at instruction decode time. Delaying analysis until the program is represented in SSA form allows more powerful techniques such as expression propagation to be used. This results in a simpler, more general analysis, at the cost of having to throwaway some results and restart some analyses. It is shown that this technique easily extends to handling Fortran assigned gotos, which can not be effectively analysed at decode time. The analysis of indirect call instructions has the potential for enabling the recovery of object oriented virtual function calls. Many of the techniques presented in this thesis have been verified with the Boomerang open source decompiler. The goal of extending the state of the art of machine code decompilation has been achieved. There are of course still some areas left for future work. The most promising areas for future research have been identified as range analysis and alias analysis.


The invention discloses a joint arm measuring machine, and relates to the technical field of coordinate measuring machines. The joint arm measuring machine comprises a measuring arm, wherein the two ends of the measuring arm are connected with a measuring head and a base measuring arm through a joint respectively; the base measuring arm is mounted on a base; the measuring arm comprises a fixed arm and a movable arm which is inserted into the fixed arm; the movable arm and the fixed arm are in sliding fit with each other; a spur rack which is arranged in the axial direction is fixed on the outer side of the movable arm; the fixed arm is provided with a strip-shaped hole matched with the spur rack; the spur rack extends out of the fixed arm through the strip-shaped hole; a gear mounting base is fixed outside the fixed arm; a gear which is engaged with the spur rack is mounted on the gear mounting base and is connected with a rocker arm; the fixed arm is provided with at least two locking nuts which are propped against the movable arm. Compared with the prior art, the joint arm measuring machine has an adjustable measuring arm, so that the range of application of the measuring machine can be extended; when small parts are measured, the size of a measurement space can be reduced by adjusting the length of the arm, so that the measurement accuracy of the small parts is improved.


Some researches have already been made about the distribution of cutting resistance along the cutting edges of a drill; but all of them have treated the problem under the assumption of the symmetrical cutting conditions, and the radial component of the cutting resistance cannot be obtained from the thrust and torque of a drill alone. In the actual drilling operations, the two cutting edges of a drill do not cut symmetrically; and in the present research, we tried to obtain the distribution of the three components of the cutting resistance along the two cutting edges of a drill by measuring the lateral flexure of it during the drilling operation.


The design for the Portsmouth University prospectus by Tim Hutchinson and Jason Edwards is featured in the book, 'Graphic Originals'. The article describes the design process and photographic art direction of the project plus the final published output.


A comprehensive study of the intrinsic reliability of a 1.4-nm (equivalent oxide thickness) JVD Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/ gate dielectric subjected to constant-voltage stress has been conducted. The stress leads to the generation of defects in the dielectric. As a result, the degradation in the threshold voltage, subthreshold swing, gate leakage current, and channel mobility has been observed. The change in each of these parameters as a function of stress time and stress voltage is studied. The data are used to project the drift of a MOSFET incorporating JVD nitride at a low operating voltage of 1.2 V in 10 years. Based on these projections, we conclude that the increase in the Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/ gate dielectric leakage current does not pose a serious threat to device performance. Instead, the degradation in the threshold voltage and channel mobility can become the factor limiting the device reliability.


Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation has been a vital area of research since few decades due to its importance in applications like wireless communication, navigation radar, sonar etc. The resolution being one of the main challenges in the direction of arrival estimation can be enhanced by array antenna system with reliable signal processing. In this paper we simulate the high resolution subspace based DOA algorithm called Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) on a uniform linear array in the presence of ideal white Gaussian noise. This paper provides the relation between DOA estimation and number of array elements using MUSIC algorithm. MUSIA methods give more accurate and smooth resolution of the signals.


Operators at Salt River Project`s Coronado Generating Station Unit No. 1 in St. Johns, Arizona, were experiencing fires in two ball mill cyclonic coal classifiers since the unit was returned to service after an outage in october 1993. The Coronado Station has six tubular ball mills with two cyclonic coal classifiers. Each classifier has a plug that looks like an inverted funnel which can be raised and lowered to control the mass flow through the apex. One ball mill has had several fires resulting in explosions that caused considerable damage to the ductwork and to one side of the building. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), consultants identified the cause of fires in Coronado Station`s ball mills and verified configuration geometries designed to eliminate them.


Summer 2011 has been a fantastic term for Anadolu University Faculty of Fine Arts Ceramic Department, for the students as well as the staff and community. Hosting an international event for the second time, with distinguished artists from around the world brought the ceramic facility tremendous attention. The 2nd International Symposium of Under/Overglaze Painting 2011 brought together 29 artists from 14 countries, 15 academic staff and the students of the department to research and work alongside each other for two weeks. This symposium was organised to take place in the studios, as well as in the open air at the back of the ceramics department. The area was transformed into a carnival space, alive all day and night with participants working with enthusiasm, excellent music, singing and dancing together. The faculty had worked since the autumn of 2010 to prepare for the 2nd International Symposium of Under/Overglaze Paintings 2011 which was held 20th June to 1st July, 2011.


ABSTRACT With the increase in narcissistic and borderline pathology, there is an increased incidence of clients who utilize primitive defenses such as splitting, projection and projective identification. Treating clients who employ primitive defense mechanisms often leads therapists to experience intense emotional reactions such as shame, rage and despair that are difficult for them to understand. This tendency is amplified in beginning therapists, for whom learning to do psychotherapy can be narcissistically injuring under the belt of circumstances. The current paper attempts to articulate some methods of teaching therapists-in-training to treat clients who utilize splitting and projective identification. A combined dydactic-experi-ential approach to supervision is recommended due to the importance of both intellectual understanding and the use-of-self-as-an-instrument when treating these clients.


This study aims to analyze the impact of job insecurity on subjective well-being and the impact on job performance, with a growth mindset as the moderating variable.  The COVID-19 pandemic has been running for more than 1 year and this research was conducted during the pandemic period. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many companies and other units were adversely affected so that the companies' performance declined, PT Armada Finance is one of those. Therefore, this study expected that job insecurity influences subjective well-being, and subjective well-being influences job performance. Furthermore, a growth mindset is also expected to have a moderating influence on the subjective well-being of the employees to increase job performance. The results of regression and moderated regression analysis (MRA) on 75 samples collected from employees of PT Armada Finance company in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia, show that job insecurity does not influence subjective well-being. The result also shows that subjective well-being has a positive influence on job performance. In addition, this study also suggests that having a growth mindset could be moderating subjective well-being to increase job performance.


To determine the effect of patient exercise adherence within the prescribed physical therapy treatment period and after physical therapy discharge on patient outcomes of pain, physical function, and patient self‐perceived effect in individuals with osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip and/or knee.


This article reports on the findings of a qualitative study in which the construction of integrity of some business leaders was explored. Data were gathered through ten in-depth interviews with six South African business leaders commended to be champions of integrity. A grounded-theory approach to the data analysis elicited five themes. These themes and their interrelatedness are discussed in this article and a conceptual framework of integrity is proposed. Integrity is conceptualised as a multifaceted and dynamic construct based on a moral foundation and inner drive that is managed by cognitive and affective processes manifesting various integrity-related behaviours.


Workshop for Space Students introducing the basics of
- Concurrent Engineering
- Systems Engineering
- Model based (Systems) Engineering
with practical applictions.


In the past decades there has been significant progress in the theory of the nonlinear evolution equations that could be solved through some inverse scattering techniques (soliton equations or completely integrable equations). These equations have many applications to various physical theories (both classical and quantum) such as hydrodynamics, plasma physics, nonlinear optics, solid state physics etc. Their study also boosted the mathematical research in Hamiltonian dynamics and more generally in the theory of the dynamical systems and in the spectral theory of operators. The mentioned progress, together with interesting applications, increased the number of research monographs dedicated to the subject of soliton equations. The variety of approaches used in these monographs reflects the variety of the methods used in the study of the soliton equations. In general however, most of them are dedicated to the development of one particular approach and the interrelations with other approaches and ideas frequently remains obscure. The book under review is one of the few exceptions. It develops in parallel spectral and geometric methods to the topic and also encompasses many algebraic ideas related to these fields. The fist edition has been published in 2008, by the same publisher. The appearance of this soft cover reprint shows that the readers appreciated the integral approach of the book and that the topic itself remains popular. The book has two parts: I) Spectral Theory of the Recursion Operators and II) Geometry of the Recursion Operators, treating the so-called Recursion Operators (also known as generating operators or Λ-operators) from spectral and geometric viewpoint respectively. The recursion operators are one of the essential tools of the soliton equations theory, in fact their study reveals almost everything related to the soliton equations except the exact solutions. Finding the exact solutions requires other techniques which are also treated in the book. The authors contributed to the development of both aspects of the recursion operator theory, discussed in


Today, there are 67,000 pepper farmers, a majority of whom are smallholder farmers from the rural communities located in Sarawak and who are not relying on a technological medium to market the commodity. Without a proper marketing platform, pepper farmers have limited marketing choices and low bargaining power when dealing with buyers due to their geographic remoteness, small production quantity, and uncertain product qualities. These result in smallholder farmers having difficulties to enter the high-value markets. To improve the participation of smallholder farmers in the formal pepper value chain and entry into high-value markets, the use of blockchain and radio-frequency technologies are proposed in this paper to minimize some of the constraints faced by the smallholder farmers. Findings from qualitative interviews with pepper farmers in Sarawak showed that limited linkages between pepper value chain stakeholders and inaccessibility to innovation and farming technologies were significant constraints faced by smallholder farmers. The implementation of blockchain technology in Sarawak's pepper industry has the potential to improve the linkages and cohesion between pepper stakeholders but its overall integration would have to be further explored.


The determinination of the suitable pH condition for maximizing the activity of endo-1,4-I²-glucanase of Bacillus sp. AR 009 had been done. The acidity range of media for examining the enzyme activities were 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 at 37°C. The experiments show that the value of maximum activity of endo-1,4-I²-glucanase was 23.068 U/mL at third day incubation with 124.565 mg/L of sugar reduction at pH 7.Key words: pH, Bacillus sp. AR 009, endo-1,4-I²-glucanase


Velocity of Ultrasound was measured in different densities of milk powder reconstituted with water at 1MHz frequency at room temperature, using multi frequency interferometer. Density of milk was measured by using specific gravity bottle. Acoustic impedance, Bulk modulus and adiabatic compressibility were calculated. The velocity of ultrasound may be used to check the purity of milk. Any adulteration in the milk can be detected based on the velocity data. The present study throws light in understanding the variation in composition of milk.


Heterogeneous ice nucleation is an important process in environmental, biological, and atmospheric science. A variety of mineral, organic, and biological materials function as ice nucleating partic...


In the paper we present the results of studies on the variability range of the flower colour, size and shape in D. majalis. The research was carried out in three populations, deliberately chosen so that to exclude the possibility of hybridisation with other orchid species. The obtained results confirm a wide range of phenotypic plasticity of a taxon, in extreme cases causing problems in species identification. The performed analyses demonstrate that the labellum index, similarly to the colour of the flowers and the shape and the pattern of labellum, have a wide range of individual variability, which makes it quite difficult to classify taxa within the


An applied study was conducted in a federal health care facility to assess change in organizational climate variables over a 7-yr. period. Using the Survey of Organizations-2000, preliminary results show improvements on five climate indicators from Time 1 to Time 2 of the survey. Potential explanations for the positive changes are provided.


Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of combined acupuncture and medicine in treating lumbar intervertebral disc herniation. Method Two hundred and fifty-one patients were randomly allocated to two groups. The treatment group was given self-prepared Chinese herbal medicine and the control group took Western medicine for pain relief. Both groups received acupuncture additionally. Results There was a statistically significant pre-/post treatment difference in the pain score in both groups of patients (P0.01). There was no statistically significant post-treatment difference in the pain score between the two groups of patients (P0.05). After treatment, the total efficacy rate was 92.1% in the treatment group and 88.7% in the control group; there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P0.05). Conclusion Chinese herbal medicine plus acupuncture has a good therapeutic effect on lumbar intervertebral disc herniation.