The authors studied and classified some parameters of construction waste properties, construction waste energy parameters and their stability in the building technical state recovery system by means of the application of basic tenets of the theory of disperse systems. Key parameters determining the properties of a dispersion medium and dispersed phase were formed; such groups as geometric, physical and mechanical, chemical, hydrophysical, thermophysical, optical, aerodynamic (for construction waste) and space-planning, structural, technical state, climate (for the building technical state recovery system) were distinguished. Construction waste stability is considered as a resulting criterion, characterizing its behavior in the environment and making it possible to manage waste in order to decrease their stability and, eventually, providing ecological safety of construction projects.


A Fibrinolytic Enzyme (BSFE) was isolated from fermented chickpeas using Bacillus subtilis. BSFE was purified with ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography. The fibrin (ogen) olytic activity of BSFE was investigated by means of fibrinolysis plate and hydrolysis of fibrinogen. Through these steps, the purity of the enzyme increased with 74.60-fold with 6.88% recovery activity. The molecular weight of the BSFE was estimated to be 30 kDa by SDS-PAGE. The optimum pH, optimum temperature, pH stability and thermal stability of BSFE were measured, respectively as 8.0, 55°C, 6.0-8.0 and less than 45°C. The activity was inhibited by serine protease inhibitor PMSF as well as metalloprotease inhibitor EDTA, indicating that the BSFE is a serine metalloprotease. In fibrin plate assay, BSFE showed more stronger fibrinolytic activity than that of nattokinase and it specifically hydrolyzed Aα and Bβ chains followed by γ chain of fibrinogen. Therefore, this study provided a method and it for the preparation of multifunctional food of chickpeas which has strong fibrinolytic activity.


This paper proposes an algorithm that can maximize the total harvested energy of a single-inductor buck-boost converter operating with multiple input energy sources. It does so by dynamically adjusting the turn-on times and allocating the available time slots for the individual input sources in such a way that all the sources require equal turn-off times for the buck-boost converter to meet the zero-current switching (ZCS) condition. The prototype energy-harvesting IC fabricated in 0.25μm CMOS can charge a 3.3V lithium battery with a delivered power ranging 0.5-5mW utilizing up to four different energy sources simultaneously. The controller itself consumes only 8μW. The experimental results show that the proposed time-slot optimization algorithm can achieve the overall combined power efficiency up to 73.3%, which is a 23% higher than the one with fixed, equal time-slots.


Stereo matching is the operation of obtaining the parallax value between two images by matching all the corresponding image points in the two images, thus obtaining the dense parallax image between the two images. How to obtain accurate disparity images has always been a key point in the field of stereo vision. Presently, in the research of 3D reconstruction technology based on binocular stereo vision, the main research direction of domestic and foreign scholars is to improve the efficiency and accuracy of stereo matching, and there is research literature on soft tissues. This paper proposes an improved stereo matching algorithm based on joint similarity measures and adaptive weights. The algorithm improves the matching cost calculation based on the joint similarity measure to fit the color image of the heart soft tissue. At the same time, the algorithm uses the idea of graph cutting to improve the adaptive weight. The experimental results show that both the improved joint similarity measure and the improved adaptive weight can effectively reduce the mismatch rate. In addition, the corresponding matching effect is better than using only one of the improved joint similarity measures.


Abstract : This program was proposed as an extension of the DARPA/MISER program that was concluded in the first half of 2006. The DARPA/MISER program objective was the development of a technology for direct conversion of field packaging waste into energy. Under the DARPA/MISER program CellTech Power also demonstrated the ability of the Liquid Tin Anode Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (LTA SOFC) to direct convert logistic fuel, JP-8. The demonstration of direct JP-8 conversion without fuel processing or reforming was unprecedented in fuel cell technology. The DOD has a broad interest in power generation using logistic fuel only. The aim of this program was to advance LTA-SOFC technology with respect to direct conversion of JP-8.


We provide a computer-assisted proof of one of the central open questions in one-dimensional renormalization theory -- universality of the golden-mean Siegel disks. We further show that for every function in the stable manifold of the golden-mean renormalization fixed point the boundary of the Siegel disk is a quasicircle which coincides with the closure of the critical orbit, and that the dynamics on the boundary of the Siegel disk is rigid.
Furthermore, we extend the renormalization from one-dimensional analytic maps with a golden-mean Siegel disk to two-dimensional dissipative H\'enon-like maps and show that the renormalization hyperbolicity result still holds in this setting.


At the end of four essays (two by the present author and two by Marc Girard), the agreement being not yet made about Psalm 33, neither on the determination of the unities (and therefore their structure), nor on the overall structure, there is no solution but to get back to work, and this time for a new proposal, more rigorously founded on the structural hints provided by the text. To this end the author of the present study tries first to determine the unities as well as their structure, then to find more important wholes in order to get eventually to the structure of the psalm in its wholeness.


INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................137 I. UNIVERSITIES AS UNIQUE (THE "BREAK" VIEW) ..................142 II. THE REGULATION OF HIGH SCHOOLS ....................................147 III. THE CASE FOR CONTINUITY ...................................................152 CONCLUSION .....................................................................................157


TILE FLOOR AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING. SLAB INCLUDES A CHORD 13 FORMING UPPER SURFACE AND FORMED SHEET METAL AND FORMING CHORD 14 LOWER RIGID SUPPORT, ALSO IN STEEL. THE CHORD 14 IS EQUIPPED WITH OPENINGS 16 FLYERS AND SEVERAL OPENINGS AROUND JAMBS 17 16. THE JAMBS 17 ARE FIXED AT 13 AND CHORD are curved TRANSVERSELY. BUILDING INDUSTRY.


Noise spectra in InAlAs/InGaAs‐based submicron self‐switching diodes are analyzed by means of the Monte Carlo technique. Shot‐noise (at low bias) and thermal noise in the series resistance (at high bias) are found to dominate the current noise at low‐frequency. Two peaks of different origin, which may limit the device performance, are found in the noise spectra at higher frequencies. The dependence of the amplitude and frequency of these peaks on the topology of the diodes is analyzed and discussed.


We revised the OTFTOOL which was developed in Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory (FCRAO) for the On-The-Fly (OTF) observation. Besides the improvement of data resampling function of conventional OTFTOOL, we added a new SELF referencing mode and data pre-reduction function. Since OTF observation data have a large redundancy, we can choose and use only good quality samples excluding bad samples. Sorting out the bad samples is based on the floating level, rms level, antenna trajectory, elevation, , and number of samples. And, spikes are also removed. Referencing method can be chosen between CLASSICAL mode in which the references are taken from the OFFs observation and ELLIPSOIDAL mode in which the references are taken from the inner source free region (this is named as SELF reference). Baseline is subtracted with the source free channel windows and the baseline order chosen by the user. Passing through these procedures, the raw OTF data will be an FITS datacube. The revised-OTFTOOL maximizes the advantages of OTF observation by sorting out the bad samples in the earliest stage. And the new self-referencing method, the ELLIPSOIDAL mode, is very powerful to reduce the data. Moreover since it is possible to see the datacube at once without moving them into other data reduction programs, it is very useful and convenient to check whether the data resampling works well or not. We expect that the revised-OTFTOOL can be applied to the facilities of the OTF observation like SRAO, NRAO, and FCRAO.


Abstracts have been used by academic libraries as access tools. These are brief summaries of the most crucial and important parts of an article or a document. Abstracts have been assigned by academic libraries online and within different search engines and websites to enable researchers to have a preview of the research paper or the article before they read or go through the whole document (Cooke, 2001). Abstracts as access tools help users to deduce whether the whole document is relevant to his or her research. Abstracts help users to identify information that pertains specifically to their researches or interests. Apart from integrating abstracts to popular internet search engines, academic libraries have used abstracting services such as CAB Abstracts (Liyana, Shuib and Abdullah, 2010).s have been used by academic libraries as access tools. These are brief summaries of the most crucial and important parts of an article or a document. Abstracts have been assigned by academic libraries online and within different search engines and websites to enable researchers to have a preview of the research paper or the article before they read or go through the whole document (Cooke, 2001). Abstracts as access tools help users to deduce whether the whole document is relevant to his or her research. Abstracts help users to identify information that pertains specifically to their researches or interests. Apart from integrating abstracts to popular internet search engines, academic libraries have used abstracting services such as CAB Abstracts (Liyana, Shuib and Abdullah, 2010).


This paper discusses reconstruction of signals from few measurements in the situation that signals are sparse or approximately sparse in terms of a general frame via the $l_q$-analysis optimization with $0<q\leq 1$. We first introduce a notion of restricted $q$-isometry property ($q$-RIP) adapted to a dictionary, which is a natural extension of the standard $q$-RIP, and establish a generalized $q$-RIP condition for approximate reconstruction of signals via the $l_q$-analysis optimization. We then determine how many random, Gaussian measurements are needed for the condition to hold with high probability. The resulting sufficient condition is met by fewer measurements for smaller $q$ than when $q=1$.
The introduced generalized $q$-RIP is also useful in compressed data separation. In compressed data separation, one considers the problem of reconstruction of signals' distinct subcomponents, which are (approximately) sparse in morphologically different dictionaries, from few measurements. With the notion of generalized $q$-RIP, we show that under an usual assumption that the dictionaries satisfy a mutual coherence condition, the $l_q$ split analysis with $0<q\leq1 $ can approximately reconstruct the distinct components from fewer random Gaussian measurements with small $q$ than when $q=1$


e14596 Background: Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) carries a median survival of 18 months with standard docetaxel based therapies. Telomerase interference (TI) is a promising novel therapeutic strategy that exploits the high telomerase activity in cancer cells by introducing a mutated telomerase RNA (MT-Ter) that encodes toxic telomeres and rapidly induces apoptosis. We investigated whether TI can be combined with docetaxel therapy to achieve greater growth inhibition in mCRPC.

METHODS
PC3 and DU145 mCRPC cell lines were treated with docetaxel in the presence of TI or vector control. TI was accomplished by concurrent lentiviral expression of 2 constructs: telomerase RNA with an altered template region (MT-Ter) and siRNA targeting wild-type telomerase RNA (anti-Ter siRNA). Telomere length and telomerase activity were assessed using RT-PCR and TRAP, respectively. Proliferation, apoptosis, and DNA damage were quantified using MTS, TUNEL, and 53bp1 staining, respectively. Statistical significance was calculated using a 2-sided t-test.

RESULTS
Docetaxel (10nM) induced 22% inhibition (p=0.01) of PC3 proliferation in the presence of vector control and 41% inhibition (p=0.001) in the presence of TI (results were similar in DU145 cells). This near-doubling of efficacy was attributable to an independent inhibitory effect (17% inhibition, p=0.04) from TI treatment alone, which occurred without change in bulk telomere length or telomerase activity. TI alone generated increased numbers of DNA damage foci (7/cell vs. 2/cell with vector control) while docetaxel alone did not generate significant increases in DNA damage. Both TI and docetaxel induced a marked increase in the rate of apoptosis.

CONCLUSIONS
Docetaxel and TI each exerted a pro-apoptotic effect which, when combined, produced an additive inhibition of mCRPC proliferation. TI-mediated apoptosis ensued from DNA damage, consistent with its known telomeric-uncapping effect, while docetaxel-induced apoptosis was not associated with direct DNA damage, also consistent with known docetaxel mechanisms of action. These findings underscore the therapeutic promise of combining standard agents with TI to improve efficacy and reduce toxicity. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


The continuous occurrence of frauds in government parastatals has become a matter of concern among researchers; this paper therefore was set out to evaluate fraud risk management activities in government boards and parastatals in Nigeria. The descriptive method of data analysis was adopted. Kendall's W – Test was used to test the rate to whichfraud prevention, detection and response strategies can enhance fraud risk management activities.The sample size for purpose of completing the research questionnaire was 45, and 15 copies of the research instrument was administered in each of the sampled board and parastatals (HMB, PSIRS & PRTV).This paper revealed that fraud prevention, fraud detection and fraud response are effective strategies in fraud risk management activities in government boards and parastatals. This paper hereby recommended that in order to ensure fraud prevention, government should employ strategies such as installing culture/ policy of fraud risk awareness in place; provides fraud awareness training to staff; include fraud risk in the overall risk assessment process; and government organization should have a ANALYSIS 56(297), September, 2020 DISCOVERY ISSN 2278–5469 EISSN 2278–5450


The housing situation in the rural highlands of Tanzania is dire. People build inadequate, unhealthy houses with materials that needs frequent repair and contribute to an unsustainable development through long transportations and increased deforestation. The roofing is most often made out of materials with abhorrent thermal and acoustic properties. The local building techniques are slowly disappearing due to urbanization and government buildings in modern materials are emulated which leaves few alternatives. There is also a lot of orphans in Tanzania. Some are living on the streets and others with relatives, few of which can afford to take care of them. The need for orphanages is great. This thesis will examine how a sustainable and selfsufficient orphanage in the rural areas of Tanzania can be built with the purpose to create a design proposal. The research will focus mainly on building materials, systems and techniques as well as the culture and daily life in rural Tanzania. To answer the research questions a qualitative methodology has been deployed and a field study has been conducted in Tanzania where interviews and observations were made. The result of the study is presented in a design proposal for a sustainable orphanage situated in the rural highlands of Tanzania. The use of vaulted roofs for the buildings enabled the use of local materials like burnt bricks, fired with agricultural residue. The layout of the orphanage is designed with Tanzanian culture in mind and is supposed to convey a sense of family and community to provide the children with as normal a life as can be achieved. For the orphanage to become selfsufficient, it should be able to produce its own water and food. It should function as a closed system where the people inside the system is able to maintain it.


(C6H5)2N2P2
(N3)6 1 has been prepared and characterised by
multinuclear NMR, vibrational spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray
analysis; the normal modes of 1 have been calculated and the antisymmetric
stretching vibration of the azide group has been discussed.


Introduction: The elder people are the rising population groups of the present societies, who based on the age pyramid, have acquired a daily increasing attention. In this case, every decision making and scheduling concerning this issue needs detailed, subjective and scientific based recognition. Thus, the purpose of this study was the Comparison of mental health and quality of life in Active and non-active Elder's female in west region of Tehran. Method: This was a retrospective study. Through randomly sampling method, the statistical sample of this research encompassed a group of 280 (140 active and 140 non-active) elder female with an age range of 60 to 85 years, half of whom were active physically and the other half lacked physical activity. The research tools included the questionnaires for personal characteristics, the Yale physical activity, Goldberg Mental health questionnaire and Leipard quality of life questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and Multivariate ANOVA method. Results: The results showed that levels of mental health and quality of life were higher in active elders than non-active elders. Active female elders were significantly higher in mental health and quality of life than their non-active female counterparts. Conclusion: Regarding the results, mental health and quality of life are related meaningfully indicating that elder people should be considered with programs as vulnerable group. The researchers suggest health authorities to provide this group with programs and facilities for promotion of their physical functioning, and also suggest prospective studies to be conducted in this issue.


Experiencing acute illness usually associated with psychological distress. However, some survivors also experience positive psychological development in the post disorders period. Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the extent of perceived post traumatic growth among acutely ill patients. Research design: Quantitative descriptive research design was utilized to carry out this study in acute care units at King Abdulaziz University Hospital. Sampling: A purposive sampling technique was used to select 100 adult patients who admitted with acute illness and were conscious and have history of recurrent acute episode. Data collection tools: two tools were used to conduct the study; the first tool "Growth related factors assessment sheet" was developed to assess factors affecting personal growth. The second tool "Arabic post traumatic growth inventory short form scale" was adopted and translated into Arabic to evaluate the extent of post traumatic growth.  Results: The results show higher levels of post traumatic growth during acute illness episodes; the mean score was (43.34±4.56). In-addition, there was a significant association (p<0.05) between growth related factors (e.g. diagnosis, psychological assistance, living style, management received) and perceived post traumatic growth. Conclusion: highly extent of post traumatic growth can developed during acute illness and affected with personal features, psychosocial support, and type of management received. Recommendation: Guiding the acute care nurses to start stress management interventions early during acute episode and focused on identifying positive outcomes and meaning in patient's experiences.


The shortcoming of morphological edge enhancement algorithm has been discussed.Based on that,an adaptive edge width reduction enhancement fuzzy algorithm is presented.It uses local gray mean filter to smooth noise in the non-edge areas.In edge areas,it adaptively uses the gray means of edge direction,the means of high gray and low gray in gradient direction to replace the current pixel gray to reach the purpose of reducing ramp edge width.Membership functions are introduced to describe the degree of whether the dot is in the edge area or in the homogeneous area.Fuzzy strategy has been used to control the enhancement.Results of experiments show that this method enhances the ramp edges while reducing the noise.


The roselle drink concentrate was produced by reducing the amount of water used for extraction and increasing the amount of sucrose used. Pineapple juice was added in the proportion of 0, 15, 20 and 25% to the roselle drink concentrate. Proximate composition, vitamin C, some minerals and physicochemical properties were evaluated using standard methods. The carbohydrate, crude fat, crude fibre, ash, vitamin C, calcium, potassium and magnesium contents increased significantly (p < 0.05) while the moisture and sodium contents decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with increase in the level of incorporation of pineapple juice to roselle drink concentrate. The protein, carbohydrate, fat, fibre, ash and moisture contents of the samples were 0.24 to 0.28%, 10.73 to 12.57%, 0.21 to 0.28%, 0.21 to 0.33%, 0.52 to 0.57% and 86.01 to 88.05%, respectively. The vitamin C contents ranged between 35.62 and 37.24 mg/100 g. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the protein, iron content and viscosity of the samples. The pH, total soluble solids and reducing sugar increased significantly (p < 0.05) while the titratable acidity and colour intensity decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with increase in addition of pineapple juice. The sample with 25% pineapple juice was the most preferred based on sensory evaluation.


Nanocomposites were prepared by melt mixing in a twin-screw extruder 5% by weight of Cloisite® Na+, 15A or 30B, with an ethylene vinyl acetate/poly(vinyl chloride) (EVA/PVC) blend (90/10% by weight). The dispersion was assessed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), oscillatory rheometry, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). XRD and TEM analyses revealed an intercalated morphology and an exfoliated morphology for the composites containing Cloisite 15A and 30B, respectively. Rheometrical and DMA data demonstrated that the presence of PVC in the blend not only improved the interaction with Cloisite 30B but also acted as a mechanical reinforcement.


We reanalyze the supersymmetric leptogenesis model by one of the authors (HM) and Yanagida based on L̃ = Hu flat direction in detail. We point out that the appropriate amount of baryon asymmetry can be generated in this model with the neutrino mass matrix consistent with the atmospheric neutrino oscillation and solutions to the solar neutrino problem, preferably the small angle MSW solution. The reheating temperature can be low enough to avoid the cosmological gravitino problem. This model is the minimal one because it does not rely on any new physics beyond supersymmetry and Majorana neutrino masses. ∗ This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contracts DE-AC03-76SF00098, in part by the National Science Foundation under grants PHY-95-13835 and PHY-95-14797. TM was also supported by the Marvin L. Goldberger Membership. HM was also supported by Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.


Theoretical approach to predict the error vector magnitude (EVM) performance of an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) system in the presence of nonlinear distortion caused by RF amplifiers is described. It is shown that the EVM model can be described by means of the autocorrelation of uncorrelated distortion noise term and a common complex gain. For the experimental validation, an EVM value of modulated signals through the fabricated HBT MMIC power amplifier is derived by the proposed method and compared with the measurement results.


The distributed architecture we consider in this paper comprises different interacting sub-systems (each modeled as a Petri Net), with one local agent monitoring each sub-system. The agents are designed to diagnose the local sub-systems based on the local model, the local observation and the information exchanged with the neighboring agents. The interactions between sub-systems are unobservable and are modeled by tokens that can unobservably pass from one sub-system to another via common places. Communication between local agents is not necessarily initiated by events. For this general setting we present a distributed algorithm that allows the local agents to recover completely the results of a centralized agent after the completion of a communication protocol.


I his highly instructive article, "Berkeley and Buber: An Epistemological Comparison," D. S. Forth* claims that Berkeley's analogical view of the knowledge of other selves "deprives" Berkeley "of a way of characterizing those deep human involvements with other persons which Buber takes to be the only ultimately meaningful part of human experience." (694) And he also avers that Berkeley's inferential view of other selves as related to God "excludes the possibility of prayer" (695) and "is inimical to direct interpersonal communication."


In at least one embodiment of the surface-mounted optoelectronic semiconductor chip (90) of a support (10) having two electrical vias (30, 70). Furthermore, the semiconductor chip includes at least one semiconductor layer sequence (1). Further, the semiconductor chip (90) includes two electrical connection layers (3, 7). The connecting layers (3, 7) this overlap in a lateral direction and are electrically insulated from each other by a separating layer. A portion of the second connection layer extends over at least one aperture away from the carrier and through the first connection layer. In addition, the semiconductor chip on at least an electrically conductive adhesive layer. Via an interrupt the at least one bonding layer is such cut that no electrical connection is made between the vias on the adhesion promoting layer. Furthermore, the semiconductor chip at least one electrically conductive bridge. The interruption and a via are not covered by the semiconductor layer sequence.


This paper introduces a stochastic model for pulsewidth-modulated (PWM) switching dc-dc boost converters as an enhancement to conventional deterministic models. The important benefit of the stochastic model is that it includes effects of often ignored disturbances and their sources such as measurement error, ambient temperature, and parasitics, which are known to be present in power-electronic switching converters. In this approach, the stochastic model is based on introduction of perturbations in the duty ratio of switching converters as random-noise processes that account for these disturbances. The system dynamics are modeled as a diffusion process. Mean first-passage time (MFPT) is defined as a performance index. It quantifies the average time it takes for a state-space trajectory to evolve from a given operating point to the boundary of its domain of attraction under the influence of small perturbations. It is shown that MFPT provides further insight into converter operation under random perturbations.


Organic light‐emitting devices (OLEDs) are widely used for mobile displays, but the relatively short lifetime of blue OLEDs remains a challenge in many applications. Typically, instability is viewed as a material‐specific chemical degradation problem. It is known to be alleviated by reducing the operating current or otherwise decreasing the exciton density. It is shown here that this view is incomplete. For archetypical phosphorescent materials, it is observed that the dependence of photostability on the triplet exciton lifetime follows a cubic power law, steeper than its dependence on exciton density. It is demonstrated that the triplet exciton lifetime not only determines the energy stored within an OLED, it also determines the loss in luminescence by controlling the yield of quenching by defects. The dominant role of the triplet exciton lifetime suggests that the stability of the best OLED materials can be significantly improved via rapid extraction of the energy stored in triplet excitons.


The groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) is the most popular oilseed crop in India, whereas peogeonpea is the major pulse crop. Out of total area of 86.72 lakh hectare under groundnut in India, Gujarat covers 6.95 lakh hectare with production of 25.95 lakh tonnes. A study was undertaken in South Saurashtra agro climatic zone of Gujarat state, to identify the technological gaps in adoption of groundnut pigeon-pea inter relay cropping production technology. The ex-post-facto research design was used for the study. The study was conducted in four villages namely Motimarad andPipliya from Dhorajitaluka of Rajkot district and Datrana, Nagalpur from Mendradataluka of Junagadh district. Thestudy sample consisting 120 respondents which were purposively selected from selected villages. The findings revealed that the selected independent variables viz. education, knowledge, social participation and yield index were negative and significantly associated with technological gap of groundnut-pigeon pea inter-relay cropping system.The direction of relationship was negative which clearly indicated that the level of technological gap decreases with increase in the level of education. The calculated 't' value for partial regression co-efficient was negative and significant with knowledge indexand equivalent yield level on technological gap of groundnut pigeon pea inter relay crop growers.


Marketing performance is related to the results achieved by the company. A review of previous studies conducted leads that marketing performance can be achieved by building the capabilities of business networks created through innovation and creativity of marketing programs. These findings are then directing this research in providing empirical evidence related to the influence of innovation variables, marketing program creativity, business network capabilities and marketing performance. The data required in this study was obtained through interviews using a questionnaire on a scale of 1-7. The data obtained were analyzed by using Multiple Regression Test. The results of multiple regression testing indicate that the innovation and creativity of marketing programs proved to have a significant positive impact on business network capabilities as well as innovation, creativity of marketing programs and business network capabilities proved to improve marketing performance.


The Swedish construction sector has for some time struggled with problems that result in increased costs, delays and faults. To sort out and analyse these problems, the government appointed a commi ...


Beadwork is the art of connecting beads together with wire. Igarashi et al. [2012] presented an interactive beadwork design system called Beady to help non-professionals design their own 3D beadwork. They observed that existing beadwork designs, especially large ones, typically consist of hexagonal faces. This is probably because a hexagonal mesh (honeycomb lattice) is the most efficient structure for holding flat surfaces with minimal support materials. After conducting physical simulations, they also found that a near-hexagonal mesh, obtained as the dual of a triangular mesh, yields a more aesthetically pleasing beadwork model. However, the interactive modeling interface of the original Beady system did not consider this. Thus the user had to carefully combine various editing operations to construct a near-hexagonal polyhedron. Existing 3D modeling software is also inconvenient for near-hexagonal mesh modeling. Therefore, we introduce mesh-editing operations specifically designed for creating near-hexagonal polyhedra. By combining the original Beady interface with our method, the user can more easily design near-hexagonal polyhedra.


The purpose of this paper is to analyze the epidemiological transition in Venezuela through the evolution of the ten leading causes of death during the period 1950-2013. For this purpose, mortality rates were calculated for specific causes, relative importance according to selected causes of death and average annual growth rates, as well as estimates by extrapolation of rates of the three leading causes of death for 2017. The results indicate that the country is in a phase of the transition where, until a few years ago, chronic degenerative diseases (heart disease, cancer and cerebrovascular diseases) were the ones that accounted for most annual deaths. In recent years, the geometric growth experienced by the homicide rate will probably place it as the third cause of death in 2017.


A key factor that influenced regional security in the South Caucasus was the hostilities between Azerbaijan and Armenia in the fall of 2020. Those events have changed the balance of power in the region. The efforts of Azerbaijan, which relied on political and military support from Turkey, led to Baku's control over part of the territory of Nagorno-Karabakh. The hostilities of the fall of 2020 aggravated the internal political situation in Armenia. Turkey strengthened its position in the region. In addition to solving geopolitical problems and promoting its economic interests in the countries of the South Caucasus, Ankara's policy was aimed at expanding its presence in the energy sector, including through increased influence on Azerbaijan. The implementation of the "Southern Gas Corridor" project has made Turkey a key "player" in the South Caucasus in the energy sphere. Ankara has gained an opportunity to influence gas supplies to Europe. It also has access to Azerbaijan's gas streams. In the long run, Turkey hopes to reach hydrocarbon resources on the eastern coast of the Caspian Sea, particularly Turkmen gas. With information and political support from the United States, Turkey has promoted the idea of the Trans-Caspian Gas Pipeline. Thus, Turkey's policy promoted the development of the East-West Energy Corridor. The Turkish-Azerbaijani-Georgian trilateral format contributed to this. It allowed Ankara to greatly expand its presence in the South Caucasus and to impact the political and economic development of Azerbaijan and Georgia. Overall, however, Ankara's policy has had a negative impact on regional security and has intensified the competition for influence in the South Caucasus among extra-regional actors.


Objective: To use the in vitro culture technology of mouse embryos to conduct quality control of the newly-built human assisted reproductive laboratory so as to ensure the system's reliability,and compare the effect of two different ways of culturing mouse embryos on the laboratory's quality control.Methods: Embryos were cultured by in vitro fertilization(IVF) of mouse gamete and 2-cell embryonic collect method,and their embryo growth were observed.Results: The rate of fertilization for IVF of mouse gamete was 80.98%.The cleavage rate,high quality embryo rate and blastocyst rate of IVF of mouse gamete and 2-cell mouse embryonic collect method were 90.60%,68.15%,85.93% and 88.98%,70.33%,83.89% respectively,which were of no significant difference(P0.05).Conclusion: The two different ways of culturing mouse embryos can be used as evaluation indicators in testing the culture system of the assisted reproductive laboratory.For the new-built embryo culture laboratory,the IVF of mouse gamete can monitor the whole process of IVF and also reflects the influence of the system on the culture of embryos and the mastery of the manipulative skill of IVF.


This paper examines the analysis and optimal control of an H(curl)-quasilinear first kind variational inequality with a bilateral vector curl-constraint, stemming from the ferromagnetic shielding phenomenon. We propose a tailored regularization approach based on the Helmholtz decomposition and a reduction of the first-order constraint to the zeroth-order one in combination with a smoothed Yosida penalization. In this way, a suitable family of approximating quasilinear variational equalities is obtained. The corresponding limiting analysis not only leads to a well-posedness result for the variational inequality but also reveals its dual formulation. Thereafter, as a second novelty, we prove a regularity result for the dual multiplier by means of the Lp-Helmholtz decomposition in a careful combination with elliptic regularity results for Dirichlet and Neumann problems. The last part of this paper is devoted to the analysis of the corresponding optimal control, which is mainly complicated by the involving H(curl)-quasilinearity, the bilateral vector curl-constraint, and the nonsmoothness. On the basis of the proposed regularization, as the final novelty, we derive necessary optimality conditions, including a characterization of the limiting dual multiplier through curl-projection and cut-off type arguments.


This paper analyses the translation of figurative language in a novel by the American writer Richard Brautigan, titled So The Wind Won't Blow It All Away (1982). Translating figurative language has been traditionally considered a particularly challenging and fascinating task, due to its interplay of linguistic and cultural associations, and it has often been seen as a borderline topic in translation studies. In this paper, my attention will be devoted to contextual factors and to the fact that, in a literary text, metaphors and similes reinforce themselves into a highly structured whole. Richard Brautigan's novel offers a fertile ground of analysis in this respect, because of its rich imagery and its extensive and peculiar net of metaphors and similes. Drawing from my own Italian translation of this novel (American Dust: Prima che il vento si porti via tutto, 2005), I propose a close-reading of the text metaphorical patterns, in order to set in context the different figurative expressions and the different translation strategies adopted. The high degree of originality of several figurative expressions may indeed simplify the task of the translator, as some scholars argued, although the risk of undertranslation is patent when striking metaphorical language is used.


In medieval Danish wall paintings during the period 1100-1600, the evi dence for depictions of jurisdiction which refer directly to the laws and juridical institutions of the past society is rare. Instead, the paintings contain a large number of scenes representing jurisdiction with reference to Biblical stories. It is a tradition in medieval imagery that Biblical persons are de picted in some kind of antique clothing and settings. Consequently, the pri mary sign function—the denotative level—performed by these motifs is not one of bringing information about jurisdiction within society. Yet their ex tended sign function—'la signification' (Barthes) or the connotative level- does inform us of the notion of how justice could 'seem to be done'.


Abstract Three different monomers starting from p-(4-hydroxy)benzoic acid and 3- chloro-1-propanol, 4-chloro-1-butanol and 6-chloro-1-hexanol, respectively, were synthesized and extensively characterized by means of 1H and 13C NMR, MALDITOF MS and elemental analysis. Subsequently, poly(4-oxyalkylenoxy benzoate)s polymers with different chain length were prepared in bulk starting from the mentioned above monomers, employing Ti(OBu)4 as catalyst, according to the usual two-stage polymerization procedure. The polymers were characterized in terms of chemical structure, molecular mass and thermal behaviour. Tg, Tm and the ability to crystallize were found to be affected by the number of methylene groups per repeat unit and the results were explained mainly on the basis of the increment of the chain flexibility.


The present Thesis refers to the development of new peptidic bombesin (BN) analogs for application in the field of tumor diagnosis with the SPECT (Single-photon emission computed tomography) and PET (Positron emission tomography) techniques. The BN peptide is a specific ligand for the gastrin-releasing peptide receptors (GRPrs), which are over-expressed on the surface of various types of tumor cells. GRPrs can be considered as an ideal target for radiolabeled BN analogues in the molecular diagnosis of neuro-endocrine tumors as well as in the targeted treatment of cancer. Taking the above into consideration, three BN analogues were designed and synthesized as potential molecular diagnostics of tumors. Thus, a series of preclinical studies were conducted in order to find out the best candidate for further development in clinical studies.

Methods: All the BN analogues of the present study can be described by the following general structure:
Υ-Χ-ΒΝ(2-14)
Where Y = the chelator group for the radionuclide, X = a spacer group and BN(2-14) = the pharmacophore group. (a) For the diagnosis of tumors with SPECT: Υ = [GlyGlyCys-], suitable for the complexation of 99mTc and 185/187Re and X= -(arginine)3-, (BN-A), or -(ornithine)3-, (BN-O). (b) Further on, for tumor diagnosis with PET: Υ = [c-carboxylic acid-cyclam] suitable for the complexation of 64Cu, και Χ = -(ornithine)3-, (BN-C). For all the above cases the part from the 2nd to the 14th amino acid of the naturally occurring BN was used, in combination with a spacer group composed of three positively charged amino acids. The amino acids were either naturally occurring (arginine) or not (ornithine). The above BN analogues as well as their metal complexes were chemically and radiochemically analyzed and evaluated in vitro. The in vitro evaluation of the BN derivatives included assays for the determination of (a) their stability in blood samples, (b) their affinity for the GRPrs (by the calculation of their IC50 values), (c) as well as of their internalization and externalization rates in PC-3 cell (human prostate cancer cell line) cultures. Additionally a series of in vivo assays were conducted including: biodistibution studies in normal (mice, rats, rabbits) and in experimental cancer animal models (SCID mice with PC3 tumors). For the later in addition to the biodistribution tumor imaging studies were carried out using an experimental small animal gamma camera. Based on the results of the in vivo studies, a series of pharmacokinetic analyses were performed and the results were correlated with the structural characteristics of the BN analogues. Finally, the results from the pharmacokinetic analyses of the three different animal species, (mouse, rat, rabbit) were combined and scaled up for a human of 70 Kg, by using the allometric approach.

Results: The BN analogues BN-A and BN-O, which were designed for application in tumor imaging with SPECT, were able to form stable complexes with 99mTc (in high yield > 98%), as well as with Re (non radioactive). The two elements 99mTc and Re belong to the same group of the Periodic Table of elements and thus they are considered to have similar chemical properties. During the in vitro stability assays 99mTc-BN-O prove to be more stable than the 99mTc-BN-Α i.e. the % percentages of intact peptide for mouse plasma (after 5 min incubation) were 44.28 and 42.48 %, while for human plasma the percentages of intact peptide (after 1h of incubation) were 63.05 and 60.2 respectively.
The affinities (IC50 values) of BN-Α (0.5 ± 0.09 nM), and BN-Ο (0.46 ± 0.04 nM), as well as of their non radioactive complexes with Rhenium 185/187Re-BN-A, 1(.58 ± 0.16 nM) and 185/187Re-BN-Ο (0.77 ± 0.07 nM) were similar to the one of the control peptide [Tyr4]-BN (0.45 ± 0.04 nM). Although the total amount of internalized radiolabeled peptide was the same for both 99mTc-BN-Α and 99mTc-BN-O (~25%), their rates of internalization differed. The ornithine-spacer analogue, 99mTc-BN-O, internalized a lot faster (60 min for maximum internalization plateau) than the arginine-spacer analogue, 99mTc-BN-Α (120 min for maximum internalization plateau). The externalization rates for both analogues were the same, with ~ 70% of the initially internalized radiolabeled peptide remaining inside the cells even after 90 min of incubation.
From the biodistribution and pharmacokinetic studies of 99mTc-BN–A and 99mTc-BN–Ο a fast blood clearance was observed for both peptides, with small amounts of the initial dose remaining in the blood stream 30 min p.i. (2.61 and 2.76 % ID/g, respectively). The main clearance route throughout the body in both cases was the urinary system and high percentages of the radiolabeled peptides were detected in the urine 1 h p.i (64.16 and 56.33 % ID respectively). The latter was related to the presence of the positively charged spacer group. A clearance through the urinary system is preferred instead of the hepatobiliary system since in that way the decrease of the upper abdominal region background radiation is achieved. Although the arginine-spacer analogue 99mTc-BN–A was cleared from the kidneys and the body with higher rates than 99mTc-BN–Ο, it showed a higher liver accumulation than the latter (4.43 ± 1.04 and 0.99 ± 0.20 %ID/g, 60 min p.i. respectively).
Both in the biodistribution and in the gamma-camera tumor-imaging studies the BN analogue 99mTc-BN–A was able to efficiently locate the tumour. During the GRPrs blocking studies the amount of 99mTc-BN–A was reduced both in the tumour and in the pancreas, where the GRPrs are located, proving thus the specific binding of 99mTc-BN–A to those receptors. Comparing the tumor/normal tissue contrast ratios between 99mTc-BN–Ο and 99mTc-BN–A the ornithine spacer analogue proved a better choice since it presented greater values (i.e. 60 min p.i. tumor/blood, 6.67 vs 3.62, tumor/muscle, 14.0 vs 5.60, tumor/liver, 2.9 vs 0.82, respectively).
According to all the above results 99mTc-BN-Ο was selected between the two SPECT tumor imaging agent candidates for further studies. For 99mTc-BN-Ο additional in vitro stability assays were conducted in rats and rabbits plasma, which were followed by in vivo biodistribution studies in normal rats and imaging studies in normal rabbits. The in vivo data were analyzed with the appropriate pharmacokinetic approaches.
In an effort to achieve a faster clearance of 99mTc-BN-Ο from the kidneys a new approach was tested by its co-injection with Gelofusine (Gelo). During the Gelo co-injection studies in normal mice, in rats as well as in SCID mice with PC-3 tumors a faster renal clearance was observed. Finally by combining the in vivo results of 99mTc-BN-Ο from the three different animal species (mice, rats, rabbits) the allometric scale up of the pharmacokinetic parameters was achieved and the prediction of those parameters for a man of 70 kg. The results of latter study could probably be extended to predict the pharmacokinetic profile of other similar molecules in the preclinical stage of development.
Due to promising results of obtained from the BN analogue with the ornithine spacer, Η2Ν-(ornithine)3-ΒΝ(2-14), and in order to improve its ability to form complexes with copper radionuclides i.e. 64Cu, which are suitable for PET imaging, a new chelator group was introduced into the peptide sequence. The chelator group c-carboxylic acid cyclam was covalently attached to the peptide chain Η2Ν-(ornithine)3-ΒΝ(2-14) to give a new bombesin analogue ΒΝ-C. The chelator group and the new BN analogue were able to form complexes with cold copper fast and under mild conditions. The copper complexes of the above molecules were analyzed with a variety of techniques like IR, UV-Vis, ESI-MS, ESR, X ray crystallography. Additionally both the BN analogue BN-C and its complex with copper Cu-BN-C were tested for their affinity for GRPrs in PC-3 cell lines, where it was found that their IC50 values of both were similar (IC50 = 0.3 ± 0.03 και 0.33 ± 0.03 nM, respectively) to the control peptide [Tyr4]-BN (0.45 ± 0.04 nM).

Conclusion: The above studies can be considered the essential parts of a discrimination process of the ideal radiochemical and radiopharmacological characteristics, which could lead a BN analogue to clinical trials. According to the results of the above preclinical studies a suitable BN analogue was selected for further clinical development as a tumor imaging agent with SPECT (BN-O) as well as PET (ΒΝ-C). Additionally the pharmacokinetic analysis in three different animal species and allometric scale up of those parameters for the human will enhance the probability of its further application in clinical trials.


I. Concept of Bioavailability and Bio-accessibility Bioavailability includes the term Bio-accessibility. Bioactive compounds must be assessable (released from food matrix and modified in the gastrointestinal tract), before becoming bioavailable.  Bio-availability refers to the nutritional effectiveness. It is the fraction of the nutrient that is stored or being available in physiological functions. It expresses the fraction of ingested nutrient that reaches the systemic circulation and ultimately utilized effectively by the organism1.  Bio-accessibility is defined as the quantity of a compound that is released from its matrix in the gastrointestinal tract, becoming available for absorption1.


The utility model discloses an air purification lawn lamp which is simple in structure, good in heat dissipation effect and capable of purifying air. The air purification lawn lamp comprises a power source, a tubular lamp post (1), a light-emitting diode (LED) light source (2) arranged at the upper end of the tubular lamp post (1), and a light-transmitting cover (3), the LED light source (2) is in electric connection with the power source and located in the light-transmitting cover (3), a fan and an activated carbon assembly (6) are sequentially arranged below the LED light source (2), the fan is in electric connection with the power source, a plurality of thin holes (10) are formed in the lower end of the tubular lamp post (1), and the fan, the activated carbon assembly (6) and the inside of the tubular lamp post (1) are communicated with external air paths through the thin holes (10); and a taper reflection board (4) is arranged inside the upper end of the light-transmitting cover (3), and therefore better illumination effect can be achieved under the condition of the same power consumption. The air purification lawn lamp is applied to the filed of lawn lamps.


This study aims to identify the customer needs in the furniture sector in the region of Santa Maria RS. It has the purpose of providing benefits of a theoretical and practical order to add value through the use of design in the furniture production. The lack of professionals in the design business is a big challenge, because it involves changes in the paradigms that, as a matter of fact, refer to the acceptance of design as a differential factor. For the theoretical basis of the study it was used the furniture industry, emphasizing their main characteristics, as well as the origin and evolution of the management of design and quality. The field work was conducted through semi-structured interviews with managers of the micro and small companies. It was used in the research a questionnaire to seek the opinions of consumers on the importance of using design as a differential factor. The data found in the questionnaires were compared with the interview with the managers, and the results reinforce the need for companies using design as a tool in quality management.


Objective To investigate the effect of team empowerment education on anxiety and depression in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods Forty type 2 diabetes in patients with depression and anxiety were randomly divided into two groups,with 20 patients in each group.All patients were given diet and drug therapy.In addition,control group received routine health education and experimental group received team empowerment education.The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS) scores,Diabetes Empowerment Scale-Short Form(DES-SF) scores,Diabetes Self-Care Scale(DSCS) scores,fasting blood glucose(FBG) levels and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose(PBG) levels were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with routine health education,team empowerment education significantly decresed HADS scores at discharge(P0.01),but obviously increased DES-SF and DSCS scores(P0.01).Moreover,team empowerment education was superior to routine health education in blood glucose control(P0.05).Conclusion Team empowerment education can obviously improve anxiety and depression state in inpatients with type 2 diabetes.


For maximum dc to RF power conversion efficiency, the dc and RF electric-field amplitudes must be properly related throughout the volume of a limited space-charge accumulation (LSA) diode. Space-charge due to a few percent fluctuation in the relative doping can distort the electric field enough to reduce the maximum attainable efficiency. Standing-wave effects with the diode limit the width in the direction of wave propagation to about 0.04 free-space wavelengths.


e16082 Background: Local recurrence and distant metastasis are important causes of high mortality in patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer. Neoadjuvant therapy combined with surgery can significantly improve the prognosis of patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer. Based on the clinical data of anlotinib (a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors) and tislelizumab (anti-pd-1 antibodies), paclitaxel liposome (a cytotoxic anti-tumor drugs) and nedaplatin (a platinum-based anti-tumor drugs) in patients with esophageal cancer, to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib hydrochloride combined with tislelizumab, paclitaxel liposome and nedaplatin in preoperative neoadjuvant therapy for patients with stage IIB-IVA esophageal cancer. Methods: This study included 18-75 years old, ECOG PS 0-1 patients with potentially resectable stage IIB-IVA esophageal cancer with a predicted survival time of ≥12 weeks and confirmed by histopathology or cytology. Patients who met the inclusion criteria received anlotinib (oral, 12mg/d1-14,Q3W) combined with tislelizumab (intravenous drip, 200mg/d1,Q3W), paclitaxel liposome (intravenous drip, 175mg/m2/d1,Q3W) and nedaplatin (intravenous drip, 80mg/m2/d1,Q3W). After 2 cycles of neoadjuvant therapy, surgery was performed, and 4-6 weeks of chemotherapy combined with targeted immune adjuvant therapy was performed after the operation, and then Anlotinib combined with tislelizumab targeted immune maintenance therapy was performed until the disease progressed. Subjects who failed to complete at least one cycle of clinical trials according to this program due to non-experimental drug factors, and seriously violated this research program, such as: failure to follow the prescribed dose, method and course of medication, will be excluded from this study. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR), and secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), R0 resection rate, and pathological complete response rate. Results: From October 2021 to February 2023, 38 patients were included in this study, and clinical data of 27 patients can be used to track and evaluate clinical efficacy. The median age of the subjects was 58.5 years (range 47-75 years). the primary study end point was an ORR of 77.8% (95% CI,61%-94.5%). Conclusions: We will strictly implement the research protocol and objectively evaluate the anti-tumor activity and safety of anlotinib hydrochloride combined with tislelizumab, paclitaxel liposome and nedaplatin regimen in the treatment of patients with stage IIB ~ IVA esophageal cancer. In order to provide a safe and reliable neoadjuvant therapy for patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer. Clinical trial information: ChiCTR2100049693 .


In recent years, eco-friendly power generation cycles have been attracting attention in response to enhanced emissions regulations. The turbine is a significant component in the efficiency of the power generation cycle. Currently, studies on the radial outflow turbine in power generation cycles have been carried out. This is because the radial outflow turbine has both the advantages of an axial flow turbine and a radial inflow turbine. It is necessary to clarify the target efficiency in the preliminary design of turbines. However, existing studies have unclear target efficiency in the preliminary design of turbines. In this paper, a fundamental study is conducted on the preliminary design of a radial outflow turbine that uses target efficiency as an input variable. Design models suitable for preliminary design of turbines were considered, and an original algorithm was presented to satisfy the target performance of the radial outflow turbine. Computational fluid dynamics analysis was performed for verification of preliminary design programs. The results showed that the deviation angle is an important variable in the design of the radial outflow turbine. The optimization of the nozzle and rotor blades was performed by considering the deviation angle. The design objectives were achieved in the final geometry of the turbine.


IEEE Std 1232-2010 Standard for Artificial Intelligence Exchange and Service Tie to All Test Environments (AIESTATE) provides a standardized approach to modeling and control of a data-driven diagnostic and prognostic reasoning environment. This work continues a previous effort to build wider acceptance and extension of this standard through development of the SAPPHIRE™ tool. Previously, SAPPHIRE™ was extended to contain a complete implementation of all required Reasoner Manipulation Services listed by the AI-ESTATE standard. In this paper, we report the results of abstracting this services API, allowing the tool to be run as distinct client and server processes that may communicate over a networked connection. We describe the architecture underlying this client-server interface and the XML protocol constructed to facilitate communication between the client and server.


The key role of adventitious zinc(ii) ions, extracted from glass and quartz surfaces, in the kinetics of porphyrin aggregation and in the subsequent expression of their chirality is discussed herein.


In this issue, Tull and Carroll's (2004) article, "Advanced Practice Nursing in Home Health," speaks of advance practice nurse (APN) competencies. Hamric, Spross, and Hanson's text (see DePalma & McGuire, in press) was referred to in the article to support the listed competencies. In the next edition (2004) of this book regarding competencies needed by the APN, the research competencies will be slightly revised with an emphasis on evidence-based practice (EBP). The competencies addressed in this issue (DePalma & McGuire, in press) will be:


Objective To observe the efficacy of Metoprolol and Enalapril in the treatment of chronic heart failure.Methods From December 2009 to September 2010 in Xindian center hospital of Weiyuan,94 cases of chronic heart failure were randomly divided into two groups in accordance with the principle of informed consent,47 patients in the control group with conventional therapy,47 patients in the observation group were treated with Metoprolol and Enalapril based on the conventional therapy,the efficacy and safety of two groups were compared and analyzed.Results The total effective rate of observation group was 97.9%,significantly higher than 83.0% of the controls group,the difference was statistically significant between two groups(P0.05);the adverse reaction rates in both groups were 8.5% and 4.3%,there was no significant difference between two groups(P0.05).Conclusion Metoprolol and Enalapril in the treatment of chronic heart failure has satisfactory clinical efficacy and good safety,it is one of the clinical treatment of choice.


Abstract In northwest India Japanese mint is being cultivated during spring season and faces both the extremes of temperature. The present investigation was planned to find out the optimum time of planting and harvesting with and without application of mulch to realize high quality essential oil. The experiment was laid out in split plot design keeping combinations of four date of planting (Jan 1, Jan 15, Jan 30 and Feb 15) and two straw mulch levels (No mulch and mulch @ 6 t/ha) in main plots and three harvesting schedules (120, 135 and 150 days after planting) in sub plots. Japanese mint planted on Feb 15 recorded maximum fresh herb, dry herb and oil yield, which were statistically at par with that planted on Jan 30 but were significantly higher than Jan 15 and Jan 1 plantings. Application of straw mulch resulted in significant improvement in fresh herb, dry herb and oil yield of Japanese mint. Fresh herb, dry herb and oil yield were significantly higher in crop harvested at 150 DAP than 135 and 120 DAP. Menthol content in mint oil did not influence with change in planting date or harvesting schedules while, menthone content decreased significantly with delay in harvesting from 120 to 150 DAP. A strong positive and linear relation was observed between emergence count and delay in planting of Japanese mint. Oil yield was positively correlated with plant height, stools count and fresh herbage production, while leaf to stem ratio has positive relation with oil content.


The growing importance of communications in computer science has resulted in many undergraduate computer science programmes offering courses in data communications. Although data communications courses can be taught in a practical manner, the cost of data communications hardware often restricts the amount of actual hands-on experience that students can gain.
In this paper we describe the hardware and software requirements of several low-cost networks that can be used by students to gain experience in a wide variety of data communication topics including local area networks (such as bus networks and ring networks), wide area networks (i.e. store-and-forward networks), and gateways.


From a spatial perspective,this paper studies the spatial effects and regional convergence of urbanization in 31 provinces in China's mainland by Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis.Empirical results show that urbanization in each province has the spatial agglomeration and radiation.There is an absolute β convergence in China's urbanization.The speed of convergence is increased after spatial effects being taken into account.Furthermore,it indicates that OLS model underestimates the speed of convergence due to the lack of spatial factor.The paper suggests that there are guiding,demonstrating,learning and imitating activities in China's provincial urbanization.Spatial effects exert positive role on regional convergence of urbanization.It would promote the overall development of China's economy and society by taking advantage of the spatial effects of urbanization.


Metal spinning is old method reshaping materials, derived from the ancient Egyptian art of potting on a wheel. Today, it is high-tech computerized manufacturing technology, which produces axisymmetric hollow parts with advantageous surface layer properties. Different spinning methods result in different qualitative parameters of spun parts. The paper presents the partial results of the experimental study, focused on the analysis of the shape accuracy of parts (samples) produced by multi-pass metal spinning. For the experimental study thin sheets with 1 mm thickness were used. The shape accuracy of the parts was analysed by the optical 3D measuring machine based on the principle of triangulation (3D coordinates for each camera pixel are calculated with high precision and a polygon mesh of the object's surface is generated). The 3D digitilizing with the mobile GOM ATOS I 350 system was used. For the visualization of shape deviations of real forming parts compared to nominal shape was realised using color plots.


Patients with oral cavity cancer (OCC) and oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) are often seen with locoregionally advanced disease requiring complex multimodality treatments. These treatments may have detrimental effects on the oral microbiome, which is critical to maintaining physiological balance and health.


Thiamethoxam is a broad-spectrum neonicotinoid insecticide in the world for pest control in agriculture. This insecticide is used for the control of sucking insect pests, such as aphids, whiteflies, leafand plant-hoppers, thrips, some micro lepidoptera and a number of coleopteran pests. Due to extensive usage, high water solubility (4.1 g/l at 25 ◦C) and stability, the residues of the thiamethoxam persistent in the environment produce adverse effects [1]. All above facts indicate the need for new, simple and low cost analytical methods for the determination of thiamethoxam, both in commercial formulations and real samples from the environment. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) is one of the most widely used separation technique for isolation, preconcentration, clean-up and medium exchange [2]. SPE is based on the separation of selected analytes (lead ions) from a liquid sample by a solid-phase adsorbent. The basic approach is the contact of the selected analytes through a solid matrix containing an adsorbent that retains the analytes. The retained analytes are then recovered by elution using an appropriate solvent [3]. Molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE) works in a similar way to the conventional SPE procedure, except that the usual stationary phases are replaced with the imprinted polymer. Consequently, MISPE involves conditioning, sample loading, washing and cartridge elution steps [4]. In this work two kinds of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) were prepared for thiamethoxam by bulk polymerization and resin (styrene-divinylbenzene polymer). Because of time consuming of MIP prepared by bulk polymerization and toxicity of monomers, resin for the preparing of MIP used and performance to thiamethoxam of MIPs prepared by two different ways were investigated. Molecular imprinting with swelling resin; by simply inserting the resin into template molecule solution in an appropriate solvent which swells the resin [5]. Soxhlet extraction used for the extraction of thiamethoxam from MIPs prepared by two different ways and the extraction efficiencies results were compared. Binding characteristics were also investigated by batch binding and SPE techniques. Related all results were obtained by using UV-Spectrophotometer.


Background & Relevance The OV-chipcard has been widely accepted within the Netherlands as method for payment in pubic transport. However the smartcard does not lower the barrier of use for everyone and research shows that infrequent and international travellers often still have trouble purchasing and using it. To deal with this problem the Nationaal Openbaar Vervoer Beraad (NOVB) created a future vision document in which they state the want to enhance the travel experience and increase traveller satisfaction within in the Netherlands by implementing the contactless EMV bank card in Dutch public transport (EMV-pt). Because experience with the OV-chipcard has shown the importance of dealing with a new development through a user-centered and integral approach, the main focus for this project is the perspective of the user. If done right, the implementation of the contactless bank card in public transport could increase the simplicity of the Dutch public transportation system by giving travellers an extra way of travelling. Project Setup & Approach This project is a collaboration between the TU-Delft Expertise Centre or E-ticketing in Public Transport and Translink. The main focus during the project was the perspective of the user and thus a user-centered approach has been taken. Although the emphasis during this project was on user-centered design solutions, other aspects were also taken into account during the project. Throughout the project user demand and wishes served as starting point and the technological feasibility and business viability acted as frame in which the eventual design should fit. Process The project consisted of two phases, an analysis phase and a design phase. In the analysis phase research has been performed in various contexts that have EMV-pt implemented. By taking a closer look at the public transport system of London, Chicago and the Czech Republic, it became apparent that there are still many pitfalls when it comes to implementing EMV-pt. Issues concerning consistency, service personnel knowledge and the experience of insufficient control could be found within these countries. The results of this research made is possible to form threats and guidelines for the implementation of the contactless bank card in Dutch public Transport as well as create a model showing which factors influence the acceptance of EMV-pt. In the design phase the results of the analysis research has been used to see what is needed to make the adoption of EMV-pt in the Netherlands successful. Within the scope of the first years of EMV-pt implementation, several user groups could be defined and mapped out in a customer journey. Using the customer journey to identify opportunities for improvement, various touchpoint ideas were generated in order to enhance the user-friendliness of EMV-pt. By evaluating these ideas with users and stakeholders the wants and needs of all parties involved could be identified in order to create an EMV-pt service concept that was acceptable to all of them. This service has been prototyped and tested in its entirety with the user groups in order to refine the concept. Design: A Service Design for EMV Contactless in Dutch Public Transport The service design for EMV-pt aims to give travellers an easy way of accessing public transport using their contactless bank card. By making it possible to directly travel from one's bank account, EMV-pt allows travellers to use public transport without having to top up or pay for a ticket or travelcard in advance. Within this service concept several aspects form the foundation of this design. These aspects can be described with the following keywords: uncomplicated, transparent and empathic. Uncomplicated: When using the contactless bank card the aim is to make sure its use it perceived and experienced as simple. Features that are connected to this aspect are the ability to be able to travel with EMV-pt without activating or registering the bank card prior to use. Unlike the OVCP the bank card does not make use of a deposit and has a stretched contactless spending limit of 50 euro in order to make it possible for users to travel without worrying too much about reaching their contactless spending limit. The entire service is promoted as a service given by public transport as a whole that is supported by the banks, making it clear for people where to look for help in case problems occur. Transparent: Seeing as EMV-pt makes it possible to travel using the money of the traveller's bank account, it is essential to be honest and open in order for people to trust the new technology. Because EMV-pt is not like any other public transport ticket and certainly does not work the same way in the back office, information will be made available to the travellers of the exact way EMV-pt works. Empathic: Because the bank card is a personal and valuable object to many travellers, it is important that the card is also treated as such. The service gives travellers the option to deactivate EMV-pt if they do not want to use it, which can be either done by deactivating the contactless feature at one's bank or by specifically deactivating EMV-pt at the OV-betalen website. When used for the first time, the banks will also notify people when the card is used in order to make them aware of both the existence of EMV-pt as well as potential misuse. Although a spending limit hinders the use of the contactless bank card in public transport, it is nevertheless added to the service in order for people to feel comfortable when using EMV-pt.


The fungus Colletotrichum coccodes (Wallr.) Hughes was isolated from diseased plants of eastern black nightshade (Solanum ptycanthum Dun. ♯ SOLPT) growing in the field. In greenhouse experiments, the isolate was highly pathogenic to eastern black nightshade and less so to seven other weedy species within the Solanaceae. No disease symptoms were observed on seedlings of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), or 10 other species inoculated with the isolate. Dew periods of 16 h or longer were required for maximum disease development. This requirement could limit the practical use of this pathogen as a my coherbicide.


A new real-time personal neutron dosemeter has been developed. The dosemeter contains two neutron sensors, a fast neutron sensor and a slow neutron sensor, which are both p-type silicon semiconductor detectors contacted with two different radiators of polyethylene and boron. The neutron detection efficiencies of these sensors were measured in a thermal neutron field and monoenergetic neutron fields from 8 keV to 22 MeV. By taking the weighted sum of counts given by two sensors, the detection efficiency could be approached to the fluence-to-dose equivalent conversion factor given by ICRP 74. The field tests of the performance of this neutron dosemeter were carried out in the radiation environments around several nuclear facilities; reactor, accelerator, radioisotope and nuclear fuel handling facilities. Based on the results of these field tests, the dosemeter is able to provide a reading of the neutron dose equivalent within a factor of 2 margin of accuracy.


Abstract Densities of {xCH3OH+(1−x)H2O} relative to water were measured in a vibrating-tube densimeter at the temperatures (323, 373, 423, 473, 523, and 573) K and at pressures of 7.0 MPa and 13.5 MPa. Excess molar volumesVmEfor {xCH3OH+(1−x)H2O} were calculated from the experimental densities for the mixtures, using accurate equations of state for water and methanol. The data were treated with a modified corresponding-state model based on the properties of pure water. An empirical function was used to fit small differences between the compression factors of {xCH3OH+(1−x)H2O} and the compression factor of H2O at the same reduced temperature and the same reduced pressure. The corresponding-states treatment reproduces the measured densities to within the experimental uncertainty of 0.4 kg · m−3at all of the temperatures and pressures studied, except atT=573 K andp=13.5 MPa. The densities, excess molar volumes, partial molar volumes, isothermal compressions, and cubic expansion coefficients from the model are consistent with the limited literature data available. The behaviour ofVmEatT=573.6 K andp=13.7 MPa indicates either a very narrow region of (vapour+liquid) phase separation, or near-critical behaviour atx≈0.44 with the critical pressurepc≤13.5 MPa.


Inventory control is one of the most important factors in achieving optimal organizational performance. Material Requirement Planning (MRP) is a common method used by businesses to manage inventories. This study focuses on a hydraulic firm that has been in operation since 2016. This research examines the planning of eleven components to get the best planning for the company. This study contributes to the integration of Moving Average (MA) and Exponential Smoothing (ES) forecasting techniques alongside the MRP and three lot sizing techniques, such as LFL, EOQ, and LUC. The minimum error values between MA and ES are evaluated and followed by the comparison between three lot sizing techniques. The result shows that ES (α=0.1) is selected as the best forecasting technique, and LUC presents the lowest total inventory cost. However, LUC is only 0.05 percent lower than what LFL presents. A larger difference is shown by EOQ with 14.57 percent higher than LUC which makes EOQ unlikely to be selected.


The invention relates to a high-dielectric-constant resin composition, as well as a prepreg and a copper-clad laminate (CCL) which are manufactured thereby. The prepreg manufactured by the high-dielectric-constant resin composition comprises high-dielectric-constant glass fiber fabric and a high-dielectric-constant resin composition subjected to impregnation drying and then attached to the high-dielectric-constant glass fiber fabric. The CCL manufactured by the high-dielectric-constant resin composition comprises at least one overlapped prepreg and copper foils pressed and coated on both sides of the overlapped prepregs. The CCL manufactured by the high-dielectric-constant resin composition has the performances of high dielectric constant, low dielectric loss, high glass transition temperature, high peel strength and the like and can meet the performance requirement of the high-dielectric-constant antenna substrate.


The purpose of this paper is to review the international terrorist activities of the last half century of this millennium and to make a case for needed changes in U.S. efforts to curb the growth of terrorism. Unless we can muster a unified front against global terrorism and organized crime, we are in danger of carrying these burdens with us into the new millennium. Whereas most discussions are focused on how to respond during or after a terrorist event, this paper explores measures for averting international terrorism disasters before they occur. With the growing availability of weapons of mass destruction and computer technology to terrorist and organized crime groups, there is a growing potential for disasters of proportions never before experienced. Consequently the risks are becoming too great to continue with a reactive approach to terrorism. The paper begins with a discussion of how the basis for international terrorism has changed since its modern form began in the 1960s. It then extrapolates the e...


PT Agility International is a company that provides warehousing services. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the effects of cycle count and quality control on the distribution of goods. The research method used was quantitative method using questionnaires and library data as the data collection methods. The data was analyzed using multiple regression analysis, correlation coefficient, coefficient of determination and hypothesis testing. The result shows that there is a significant impact between the effect of cycle count and quality control on the distribution of goods, meaning that each increase in cycle count X1 is followed by an increase in Y distribution and each increase in quality control X2 is followed by an increase in distribution. With r=0,337 as the coefficient correlation, there is a low impact between X1, X2 and Y. Coefficient of determination test shows 11,35% meaning that there is a positive contribution by the cycle count and quality control to the distribution of goods. On the other hand, 88,65% of it is determined by other factors affecting X1 and X2 variables to Y.


In order to reduce the radiation in curved optical waveguides, the introduction of a step index of refraction profile in its upper face by means of diffusion (ion implantation) or by growth of a dielectric layer is discussed. Expressions are obtained for the propagation constants along the x and y directions of a rectangular dielectric waveguide with two layers, for the conversion coefficient, and for the attenuation coefficient.<<ETX>>


Based on the theories, have developed expertise that have enabled the growth and development of science. This allows men to develop interest in the scientifi c knowledge to answer many unknowns and challenges. The circumstances have allowed the construction and application of new theories and scientifi c advances have led to the benefi t of humanity in communities and countries that have invested in it; however, poor countries have been limited to these privileges to be expensive the different dimensions of humanity, although used from theoretical reason can generate new ways of thinking, or of relating to reality to explain, problematize or make judgments regarding care as an object of study in nursing.


There are many instances in the statistical literature in which inference is based on a normalized quadratic form in a standard normal vector, normalized by the squared length of that vector. Examples include both test statistics (the Durbin–Watson statistic) and estimators (serial correlation coefficients). Although much studied, no general closed-form expression for the density function of such a statistic is known. This paper gives general formulae for the density in each open interval between the characteristic roots of the matrix involved. Results are given for the case of distinct roots, which need not be assumed positive, and when the roots occur with multiplicities greater than one. Starting from a representation of the density as a surface integral over an (n − 2)-dimensional hyperplane, the density is expressed in terms of top-order zonal polynomials involving difference quotients of the characteristic roots of the matrix in the numerator quadratic form.


Objective This study aimed to assess functional activities in different subgroups of patients with migraine. Design One-hundred forty subjects were uniformly divided into the following four groups: headache-free controls, migraine with aura, without aura, and chronic migraine. Subjects performed the tests walk across, tandem walk, sit to stand, and step up and over at the Balance Master system (Neurocom). Results All migraine groups had slower velocity and shorter step length at the walk across test (P < 0.0009). The step width was wider in migraine with aura and chronic migraine groups (P < 0.03). At the tandem walk test, patients with migraine exhibited slower velocity and wider step width (P < 0.03). All migraine groups were different than controls at weight transfer and rising index of the sit-to-stand test (P < 0.002). At the step-up-and-over test, there were differences in all outcomes of both legs between headache-free controls versus migraine groups (P < 0.02) and at one outcome between without aura versus migraine with aura (P < 0.01). Moderate to high effect sizes were found for all tests on at least two outcomes assessed, mostly between controls compared with migraine groups. Conclusions Migraine is related to changes in the performance of functional tasks, suggesting early motor control deterioration. Proper balance assessment and rehabilitation strategies should be considered for these patients.


Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate effects of education on fear of childbirth between attendance at pregnant education classes program and routine care. Material and Methods: The study was carried out as quasi-experimental study, comparing a pregnant education group and a control group. Demographic and obstetric data forms and Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire were used for data collection. Results: Pregnant education classes were found to reduce fear of childbirth. The pregnant women in the intervention group had less fear of childbirth (39.1±23.9) than those in the control group (59.3±21.7). Women who had experienced fear of childbirth also had an increased risk for causes of fear of childbirth. Statistical significance was measured labour of pain, dying during childbirth, sick or handicapped child, perineal and vaginal tears, loss of control and emergency cesarean section and unfriendly staff in maternity hospital between groups. Conclusion: Pregnant education classes are effective in reducing fear of childbirth. It is recommended that participation in pregnant education classes in public hospitals should be encouraged. As such, it may be thought that the rate of cesarean delivery depending on maternal request due to fear of childbirth will reduce.


The need for organic products is increasing significantly in India. Being healthy is very important for us. Organic products are grown without using chemicals like fertilizers and pesticides, in a way that is good for the environment and society. The demand for organic products has grown rapidly all around the world in the past few years. This study only looks at 4 things in marketing - Product, Price, Place, and Promotion factors. It doesn't look at the other 3 things, which are Packaging, Positioning, and People. These 4 factors affect how consumers decide to buy organic products. This research was carried out in the Varanasi district of Uttar Pradesh. A total of 332 people took part in the survey. The goal of the study is to find out the different factors and determine which variables have the biggest impact in each factor. The survey tries to understand why people buy certain things by asking about different factors that influence their choices. It also asks questions about how often the customer buys something and how much they are willing to pay for it. The questions cover 19 different things, with 5 related to the product, 3 related to the price, 6 related to the place, and 5 related to promotion. The study finds out what is the most important thing for customers when it comes to product, price, place, and promotion. Customers consider factors of a product like quality, brand, health & environment safety, and taste. Among these factors, product factors are especially important for customers. The factors related to where something is sold are not very important to consumers compared to factors related to the actual product. Convenience is the most significant thing in a location. We take into account the factors of high cost, reasonable price, and quality when determining prices. People are willing to sacrifice their health for the benefit of their health. Consumers want the product to be delivered to their homes. Finding out the reasons will help the store owners to adjust their marketing and manufacturing plans to benefit from these factors in a way that will make both the customers and marketers happy. They can come up with plans and assist in the growth of the store and the farmers in general. In this study, about 55% of people strongly agreed that organic products are high quality. About 34% remained neutral on the availability of different brands. Around 50% strongly agreed that organic products are expensive. Around 31% agreed that organic stores are conveniently located. About 36% agreed that free home delivery is available, and 17% strongly agreed with this statement. It was discovered that there is a strong connection between the product, price, place, and promotional actions in how consumers make their buying choices.


Doctor Alexanderson during all the time I have known him has always had some difficult problem to wrestle with, and fortunately he has been a very good wrestler. It was back in 1905 while testing a new kind of alternator that I first met him, and since that time his name has always been before me in connection with one new development or another.


This brief work stands against a four-year stretch of writing classes at Northern Virginia Community College, with the author teaching Englishas-a-Second-Language (ESL) students how to write academic essays. The courses taught have included high intermediate and advanced writers, many of whom plan to earn a degree at the college or any number of four-year schools around Virginia. For these non-native writers, the clarity expressed above by Dr. Seuss's Horton is often a foreign experience: these students find it quite difficult to write accurately what they mean. This exploratory paper first looks at the dilemma from the students' perspective. From their view, overcoming Horton's problem requires a heavy dose of grammar fused with vocabulary. Writing instructors address the dilemma through their teaching practice, which is often, according to Joy Reid et al. (2008), founded on misunderstandings of academic writers' needs. Reid and her co-authors counter those practices with a researchdriven series of perspectives on learning writing. Examining the insights drawn from these views, this paper turns to a solution from the past: the Trivium, which was the classical model for teaching writing from the Classical Age through the Renaissance. The Trivium is but one possible solution for helping ESL writers address the Horton dilemma.


Purpose: This study was attempted to see the trends in breast cancer researches in Korea. Method: We collected a total of 94 articles associated with breast cancer and published in Korea from 1976 to August 2004 and analyzed the characteristics of those articles, the journals which published those articles in each year, the research designs, subjects, intervention effects in experimental studies, the subjects and concept distribution in comparative researches and themes of the articles. Result: 1. Articles published and associated with breast cancer have increased since 1990 and picked after 2000. 2. Most research designs are survey and correlation studies which are non-experimental research(70.2%) and next are experimental and qualitative researches. 3. In a total 17 articles which are experimental researches, intervention studies which use exercise programs are most(5 articles) and the next are education program, supportive nursing intervention, guided imagery, massage and rehabilitation programs. 4. In correlational researches, concepts such like social-psychological adaptation, partner support, health promotion behavior and family support are treated frequently. 5. Subjects in most comparative studies are patients with breast cancer and normal women. 6. Most nursing research themes are psycho/spiritual problems, 16 articles(17.0%). Conclusion: These results show that the researches related with breast cancer have actively increased and body functions and psycho-social variables have been improved through nursing intervention. Therefore, it seems that more systematic interdisciplinary studies and systematic complement are necessary for future breast cancer nursing researches.


In many markets the buyer pays an individually-negotiated price. Theoretically, relative to uniform-pricing, this has an ambiguous impact on market power and the effects of merger. To analyze competition in the UK brick industry-where individually-negotiated pricing is used, and the market is highly concentrated-we develop a model of negotiated pricing and discrete-choice demand which permits alternative specifications for how the buyer's runner-up product affects price negotiations. We derive a likelihood for observed choices and prices and estimate the model using transaction-level data. We use the model to reject the hypothesis of price-taking buyers, calculate the distribution of markups, and measure the effect on markups of multi-product ownership and buyer location. A counterfactual policy of uniform pricing increases average markups by about one-third, harms most buyers, and magnifies the price-increasing effect of merger. Average markups increase because uniform pricing is intrinsically less competitive and because it imposes buyer price-taking.


This paper presents the key sensing, navigation techniques, and edge AI computing chip design for an autonomous mover, iAMEC, tailored to indoor and people rich environments such as shopping centers. iAMEC aims at serving as a platform for service robots and features swift maneuverability and collision avoidance in navigation. It is equipped with a smart sensing module consisting of a Lidar, a camera and an ultrasonic array radar. Camera images are analyzed on the fly by using 2-stage CNN models for not only object recognition but also pedestrian behavior prediction. The ultrasonic array radar can detect both the distance and the direction of the surrounding objects in short distance. The low cost 1-ray Lidar performs SLAM as well as scanning for a wider range. Data fusion results of these three sensing techniques are passed to the navigation/control module, which determines the optimal path and also steers iAMEC to the destination. Navigation is based on a reinforcement learning model, which is trained in a virtual environment by using a simulation engine, UNITY. DLA (deep learning architecture) acceleration chip design and the associated model-to-DLA mapping tool are also developed to facilitate real time edge computing of CNN based image analysis. A 4-wheeled autonomous mover prototype has been built and mounted with developed sensing, navigation and control modules. The evaluation results indicate preliminary success of iAMEC in navigating under a controlled environment.


With forestry development, it is hoped that national development goals will be achieved, in particular the improvement of living standards and community welfare accompanied by improvement of their living environment. Wood is one of the main forest products, which is needed by the community to meet various needs of human life. Although nowadays there are many synthetic materials that can substitute the use of wood, the demand for wood for various purposes is still quite high and even shows an increasing demand. The benefits of this wood are growing, starting from the need for wood for energy, building materials, wood pulp, furniture, to the use of wood for aircraft fuselages. The planting of sengon trees by the community in Cikaramas Village is quite developed and is very suitable considering the topography and land conditions that are suitable for the place where sengon trees grow. Then it becomes a separate added value, if farmers/communities are able to optimize inputs for forest plant cultivation by knowing in advance the characteristics/characteristics of the soil. Albasia that developed in Cikaramas Village, is part of the knowledge system of Cikaramas Village residents about timber plants. The system is a legacy of knowledge about the types and uses of woody plants for subsistence needs used for building materials. Prior to the development of albasia, wood plants of the type of tissue, jackfruit wood, and the type of "swamp" wood had been developed and used for the needs of previous building materials. Then the development of albasia plant species, causing choices in developing woody plants to be utilized and to be developed in more intercropping systems. This allows farmers to choose based on their knowledge and experience, and choose based on the benefits and advantages derived from the timber plant, which will be developed in an intercropping system. This study uses descriptive qualitative research, researchers try to get a picture of the ongoing state of the object of research according to the actual situation, so that accurate data can be obtained with an actual picture from the analysis of the observed phenomena. Through this research, it is hoped that data will be obtained and presented through the use of words to obtain a more concrete, detailed and accurate description of certain phenomena.  The development and use of Albasia in Cikaramas Village is a form of adaptation carried out by the community that responds to environmental suitability and changes. Response to information or ideas that enter the social system of Cikaramas Village, which has an influence on the ecological system of Cikaramas Village. And the socio-economic activities of Albasia gave birth to the Albasia trading network. As well as the survival of Albizia as a commodity crop under the influence of the threat of crop failure due to pests, factored in by economic sector and ecological sector.


With diffusion of various mobile devices, mobile learning has been one of the dominant learning styles in education fields. The purpose of this research is to examine the difference between students` perceived importance-performance of mobile learning satisfaction. The researchers reviewed the literature looking for variables which affect influential factors of students` mobile learning satisfaction such as system, contents, service, use, and outcome. As a result of t-test, the performance is lower than the importance of all the influential factors. Also, according to the result of Importance-Performance Analysis(IPA) matrix, it was noted that system factor is the most crucial factor in improving mobile learners` satisfaction. This result implies that offering technical support and simplifying the navigation design for mobile learning are urgently required.


The opening of the Bering Strait initiated significant biotic interchange that is postulated to have played a major role in phylogeographical patterns of northern marine flora and fauna. In addition, the "species pump" hypothesis asserts that glaciation events promoted speciation due to repeated isolation of populations over the past 2.6 million years. Here, trans‐Arctic speciation events in red marine macroalgae (Florideophyceae) were assessed using time‐calibrated phylogenies, and the applicability of the "species pump" hypothesis was considered.


A hot‐carrier‐temperature model is proposed in this letter to calculate the dark current of a p‐type GaAs/Ga1−xAlxAs quantum‐well infrared photodetector. Hot‐carrier effects are incorporated inside both the mobile‐carrier concentration (by a two‐carrier‐temperature energy distribution) and the drift velocity. Results of our calculations are in good agreement with experimental data at four different lattice temperatures and for the entire measured range of applied electric field. The increase of mobile‐carrier concentration at a hot‐carrier temperature is found to be the prevalent cause of the rise in dark current at higher applied electric fields.


PNEUMOCYSTIS CARINII is established as a pathogen for the susceptible human host1 and in the laboratory animal2 and is the etiologic agent of the clinical entity known as pneumocystis or "plasma-cell" pneumonia. Definitive diagnosis of this infectious disease is rarely made ante mortem. The inability to cultivate the organism in vitro and the difficulty in demonstrating its presence ante mortem in body fluids have contributed to this diagnostic problem. Until recently, no treatment of the infection had been successful,3 , 4 and the disease has been uniformly fatal. Introduction of pentamidine isothionate as a chemotherapeutic agent that may permit successful treatment for . . .