The COVID‐19 pandemic has generated unprecedented human loss and financial difficulties worldwide. In line with recent calls for social sciences to help collective efforts to address COVID‐19, we investigated the link between peace and pandemic preparedness, advancing the literatures on negative (i.e., absence of direct violence) and positive peace (i.e., absence of structural violence and presence of equality) and governments' crisis preparedness as well as crisis relief efforts. Two studies tested whether both positive and negative peace predict pandemic preparedness, operationalized as COVID‐19 tests, cases, and positivity rates, during the onset of the pandemic. Study 1 did so at the national level across 155 countries; Study 2 did so at a local level, across 3144 counties within the United States. Even after controlling for population size, population density, GDP, and amount of air travel, higher levels of both negative and positive peace predicted a greater number of COVID‐19 tests per one million people, fewer overall COVID‐19 cases, and a lower positivity rate. These findings point to the possibility that by promoting peace, governments and the international community could potentially become better prepared to handle future pandemics and other crises.


Simple Summary To produce the proteins needed for the cell to survive, the information in the DNA is converted to a mobile form known as messenger RNA, which exits the cell nucleus and binds to machines that convert RNAs into proteins in a process referred to as translation. Importantly, the RNA message can be altered at any point in its journey prior to translation. These alterations constitute changes to the chemical nature of the messenger RNA and modulate the ability of mRNAs to be converted into proteins and even lead to the production of proteins with different functionalities than those encoded by their original forms. Here we provide a conceptual framework for the integration of these mRNA maturation steps with translation with a focus on the proteins that escort these mRNAs through these steps and into the translation machines. We discuss the relevance to cancer and therapeutic strategies to target these in malignancy. Abstract The translation of RNA into protein is a dynamic process which is heavily regulated during normal cell physiology and can be dysregulated in human malignancies. Its dysregulation can impact selected groups of RNAs, modifying protein levels independently of transcription. Integral to their suitability for translation, RNAs undergo a series of maturation steps including the addition of the m7G cap on the 5′ end of RNAs, splicing, as well as cleavage and polyadenylation (CPA). Importantly, each of these steps can be coopted to modify the transcript signal. Factors that bind the m7G cap escort these RNAs through different steps of maturation and thus govern the physical nature of the final transcript product presented to the translation machinery. Here, we describe these steps and how the major m7G cap-binding factors in mammalian cells, the cap binding complex (CBC) and the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E, are positioned to chaperone transcripts through RNA maturation, nuclear export, and translation in a transcript-specific manner. To conceptualize a framework for the flow and integration of this genetic information, we discuss RNA maturation models and how these integrate with translation. Finally, we discuss how these processes can be coopted by cancer cells and means to target these in malignancy.


Cost-benefit analysis have been attacked by many critics because of its implicit ethical assumptions. The normative content of the method is at odds with the common attitude that economists should analyze how to reach given goals, while determination of the goals should be left to the politicians. This paper presents a descriptive model of decision makers' behavior, demonstrating that rational, benevolent politicians will only in special cases accept the evaluation of projects resulting from a cost-benefit analysis. An alternative approach to project evaluation, which allows individual decision makers to rank projects in accordance with their own ethical views, is presented. In this framework, estimates of willingness to pay are generally not required. On the other hand, information about groups that are significantly affected by the project, as well as physical unit information on changes in the supply of public goods, is crucial.


Abstract Sphenoid sinusitis is an unusual cause of blindness and may go undetected if the sinusitis is otherwise asymptomatic. Radiological studies can play a very crucial role in the diagnosis of such cases. Here we present one such case where radiologic diagnosis was critical to determining the treatment plan. A 12-year-boy developed sudden blindness and right sided hemiparesis one week after the episode of fever. Imaging studies attributed his symptoms to acute sphenoiditis and thrombus in cerebral veins. Early institution of proper medical treatment based on correct radiological diagnosis led to reversal of his symptoms within two days.


The present invention provides an elastic composite strip smoke. The elastic composite article comprising a smoke elongated refractory substrate and a plurality of metal brackets fixed on a refractory substrate, the metal support is a top horizontal arch-shaped bracket, both ends of a plurality of metal brackets are connected by an elastic a fixing seat is formed arched top air passage between the horizontal portion of the refractory near the sides of the substrate, and a plurality of metal brackets arranged in parallel, and with the refractory substrate; a plurality of outer resilient metal stent is covered with a metal and nonmetal composite layer, both sides of the substrate and the refractory metal layer is non-metallic composite sealing connection is formed of a horizontal top surface of the arcuate surface. The present invention is of simple structure, applicability, comprising an airtight, high temperature performance, face the present invention can be adjusted within certain limits elastic urging force of the smoke curtain apparatus with more uniform close contact with the surface, it can be used as smoke barrier means disposed in the flue gas has spread, the heat in anti-cigarette fire curtain.


Acyclic databases possess several desirable properties for their design and use.A distributed algorithm is proposed for determining a minimal cover of an alpha-,beta-,gamma-,or Berge-acyclic database scheme over a set of attributes in a distributed environment.


This is a multidisciplinary paper presenting a synthesis of informational, educational, and ecological factors. This author discusses the inter-relationship between the aforementioned factors by means of an analysis of a comprehensive model of information-communication technology (ICT) support in the teaching and learning of ecology for students of vocational schools. In other words, the objective of the paper is to define accurately the manner, time, and extent to which computers, educational software, internet, as well as other modes of information – communication technology (ICT) are used in the ecology-related subjects taught in vocational schools, i.e. to offer a model of ICT support the implementation of which will be possible not only in ecology lessons, but other subjects with associated ecological contents as well.


Conventional ecological risk assessments (ERA) for contaminated terrestrial sites, often providing the substance for the research reported in these pages, have been conducted in the same fashion for nearly three decades. The conventional ERAs begin with the presumption that the chemical exposures that mammals and birds experience at sites that linger on in a nonremediated state portend certain health risks. The potential for those risks to manifest themselves as observable effects is then addressed by invoking what remains to be ERA's lone toolbox item, the hazard quotient (HQ). Here the ratio of an animal's estimated dietary chemical intake to a safe chemical dose is computed. Where the ratio is found to be greater than 1.0, it is suggested that the ecological receptor is consuming more of a site contaminant than is safe. In nearly all terrestrial ERAs, multiple receptors are found to have HQs greater than 1.0 for multiple chemicals, and often the HQs far exceed values of 1.0. Completing an ever-familiar ERA sequence, pursuant to the calculation of the perceivedto-be troubling HQs, the process moves on to determining a site's soil cleanup level, this achieved through backcalculation to a soil contaminant concentration that equates with a HQ of 1.0. A closer examination of the ERA scheme described above, as it is applied at Superfund-type sites, is revealing. Whereas the "failing" HQs would have us believe that all is not well for site ecological receptors, it seems that for the hundreds and thousands of contaminated terrestrial sites that have submitted to a formal ERA process, not a one provides any observable indication that the site ecology has in some way been compromised. No one, for example, can point to a site where the red fox population is experiencing health effects, or where the fox population has been obliterated altogether. No one can point to a site where the songbird population is any less robust than it was at an earlier time. A closer examination of the HQ is even more revealing. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, among many others, tells us that the HQ is not a risk measure (1). We find then, that there exists no metric for assessing "risk", the probability that an ecological receptor will develop a toxicological effect of concern. Technically speaking, we find also that the term "ERA" is a misnomer, and that over the last three decades we have yet to produce a true ecological "risk" assessment. Despite these realities, HQ-based ERAs continue to be generated and with no apparent end in sight. Aside from HQs not expressing risk, they are plagued by a lengthy list of other limitations (2). They are not linearly scaled, they assume unrealistically high and toxicologically impossible values, and the lowest concentrations of inorganic compounds found in the earth's crust will produce ecological HQs in excess of 1.0sand even when only that portion of the diet that is incidental soil ingestion is considered (2). With this last limitation, seemingly all of what we refer to as "site background" needs to be cleaned up, for the HQs are indicating that ecological receptors located there as well, are consuming unhealthful quantities of naturally occurring elements in soil. Importantly, HQs are also not bound to any time scheme; a HQ of 5 means the same thing at a five-year old contaminated site as it does at a 500-year old contaminated site. Finally, with the HQ-based ERA scheme, chemicals can only be assessed individually. Invariably though at Superfund-type sites, there are a dozen or more chemicals of concern in soil, and the site ecological receptors consume them not in single fashion but via an integrated diet. Concluding statements found in our present day ERAs then, of how individual chemicals either "pass" (i.e., do not pose a hazard, because a HQ is less than 1.0) or "fail" (i.e., do pose a hazard, because a HQ exceeds 1.0) are not truly what are needed. Let us return to the presumption with which all conventional ERAs begin, namely that there is a potential for health effects to arise in the site receptors. If the ERA weaknesses mentioned to this point do not depict an ineffective assessment scheme, surely a closer consideration of this presumption can help to crystallize that point and show also that the present ERA scheme is obsolete. By the time a conventional ERA gets underway, the prototypical Superfund-type site has been contaminated for a minimum of 30 years, and in that time ecological receptors have lived as many as 100 generations through the affected site condition, this assisted by their life spans being vastly shorter than man's. If toxicological * Please address correspondence regarding this manuscript to email@example.com. RH ON DA SA UN DE RS Environ. Sci. Technol. 2010, 44, 3211–3212


Abstract It is proposed that failure to consistently produce inflectional morphology by Mandarin-speaking learners of English is due to properties of the LI prosodic phonology which are transferred into the interlanguage grammar. While English requires inflection to be adjoined to the Prosodic Word, Mandarin does not permit this structure. Inflection in Mandarin is instead incorporated into the PWd of the stem to which it attaches. It is shown that Mandarin speakers fall into two groups in their treatment of English inflectional morphology. One group of learners is sensitive to the need for a unified analysis of inflection. They recognize that English does not permit a stem-internal analysis of this morphology, but as their grammars do not permit adjunction, inflection is deleted across-the-board. For the other group, inflection surfaces variably, for those stimuli where the shape of the stem enables it to be incorporated into the PWd, as in the L1.


The focus here is "lay" style in contrast to "clerical." The "lay" opposition is "protesting against a narrowing down of Christian theology . . . and is demanding an understanding of revelation in the context of the history of the world and the actual present... their literary work stands in an immediate relationship to the vision and exposition of the biblical revelation and there is a fluent translation from it to theology." The authors selected are united in their appreciation of the sensibilia of the form of Christ revealing the Father. In Dante eros is refined by an agape that leads through hell to the throne of God. Man and woman together stand seeing God. John of the Cross walks the same road, this time alone, through the night of hell in a mystical solitude with God. With John, after Luther, emerges a "modern orientation toward personal, experiential, and psychological categories." Although in the same Augustinian tradition as Luther, Pascal emphasizes the experience of faith rather than the assurance of faith. "This experience of faith is a verification, at once both subjective and objective, of the Christian mystery in the believing person and . . . stands in outright opposition to the light of reason." Faith has its own eyes. The Protestant Hamann, on the eve of idealism, affirms that the revelation in the flesh is the entire meaning of the Word. He is the prophet of the kenotic Christ. The Russian Soloviev is a thinker of universal genius, anticipating Teilhard with a vision of the movement of the world-soul in culture and in history toward Christ, yet in the presence of the Antichrist. Hopkins, in a sharp contrast to Soloviev, builds "a bridge between poetic aesthetics and the Ignatian exercises." He represents the English turn to the imagination which captures haecceitas. In the absolutely unique, God's glory shines founderingly amidst shipwrecks. Balthasar concludes with a study of Peguy, who in the opening years of the twentieth century is a unifier of things that cannot be joined: Left and Right, Church and Socialism, Tradition and Modernity. Peguy is a shrewd peasant in awe of Joan of Arc: "A man humbled in every way has been granted the privilege of uttering words, beyond all fluency of theology to date, spoken as from the centre of God's fatherly heart, that reveals the glory of the kenosis." Balthasar makes no system of these seven "lay" theologians. He cannot. But he can hear them make music together: "their mutual harmony proves that they all play from the same score (which both transcends and embraces them)." For Balthasar the truth and beauty of Christ are symphonic. These volumes certainly belong in a college or university library.


This study uses a survey of U.S. state government information technology (IT) project management practitioners to investigate the utilization of IT project selection and evaluation methodologies-financial and qualitative–and to assess the empirical relationship between the chosen methods and several measures of perceived project success. The analysis presents evidence that financial project selection and evaluation methodologies appear to be important in obtaining better control over project costs.


ordinary ailments in his daily round is of sufficient interest, I think, to be worthy of a permanent record. The unfortunate victim of this malady was a man, J. R., aged 56, a brushmaker to trade. He had, however, for the past four or five years worked intermittently at this trade, being chiefly employed as a watchman in the telephone office. His former employer would send for him now and then when he was unusually busy, as he was recognised as a skilful worker, having an extensive knowledge and experience as a bristle and hair sorter. He first consulted me early in May last on account of attacks


The objective of this work was to optimize the cultivation and embryo development, as well as to evaluate in vitro micropropagation induction of physic nut (Jatropha curcas). In the initial stage, the influence of sucrose (concentrations of 0, 15, 30 and 60 g L-1) on the development of embryos in basal MS medium was evaluated. From the seedlings generated in the embryo culture, microcuttings were excised and inoculated on MS medium supplemented with the plant regulators 6-benzyladenine (BA), 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), kinetin (6-furfuryladenine) (KIN) and 4-(3-indolyl) butyric acid (IBA), in the concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 mg L-1. The results showed that the range of 15 to 30 g L-1 of exogenous supplementation with sucrose promotes the best shoot elongation of plants; however, rhizogenesis is more vigorous in the range from 30 to 60 g L-1, in which a significant increase of the number of roots occurs. In the micropropagation phase, BAP at 2.0 mg L-1 concentration induces a higher number of shoots, while KIN (1.0 and 2.0 mg L-1) promotes a higher number of leaves. Callogenesis occurs on the shoot base, being more significant when supplemented with 2.0 mg L-1 of 6-BAP. The best sucrose concentration, for plant vigor and speed in obtaining explants, is 30 g L-1. In micropropagation, the best results for direct shoot organogenesis occur at 2.0 mg L-1 BAP concentration.


Allowance for the collective enhancement of the level density in the analysis of the integrated cross sections for fission of the pre-actinide nuclei leads to a number of important changes in the determinable statistical characteristics of the transition states of the fissioning nuclei and, in particular, to a systematic increase in the extracted fission barriers (A. V. Ignatyuk et al., Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 30, 626 (1979); 32, 180 (1980); Physics and Chemistry of Fission, Vol. 1, IAEA, Vienna, 1980, p. 421). The consequences of these changes for the analysis of the angular anisotropy of fission are discussed. It is shown that the reevaluation of the fission barriers improves the description of the behavior of the effective moments of inertia in a broad excitation-energy range, and eliminates the inconsistencies in the determination of the correlation functions of the transition states of the nuclei.


A simple method of preparing 'swiss rolls' from strips of tissue up to 500 mm in length is described. This procedure has been applied to a variety of tissues and is suitable for the preparation of both paraffin‐ and methacrylate‐embedded specimens.


With the increasing in the number of the funds,more and more investors turn to depend on the third-party rating agencies.However,the fund rating doesn't always reflect the real outstanding achievement of the fund,and even can't keep pace with the subsequent outstanding achievement.This paper tries to test the quality of the fund-rating using the CVaR Model which is usually used in portfolio.First,the risk model of measuring is established in this paper,and the accuracy rate and the relative total error are defined.Then,the 80 open-ended funds are selected and the conditional values at risk are calculated by mathematical software.They are ranked according to their sizes and rated by the five-star rating.Finally,the results are verified by the four rating agencies in the empirical analysis.The purpose of this paper is to give the investors some reference to the rating results from rating agencies.


The invention relates to a manufacturing process of an efficient semi-molten polycrystalline ingot casting. The manufacturing process is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) adopting the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 60-70% of primary polysilicon and 30-40% of polycrystalline auxiliary material; (2) putting the raw materials into a crucible, conveying the crucible into an ingot furnace, and putting the crucible on a DS block; positioning the crucible on the DS block, and covering a heater on the crucible, wherein the upper part of the heater is an upper heat insulation cage, and the lower part of the DS block is a lower heat preservation layer; (3) performing a five-step heating process; (4) performing a thirteen-step melting process; (5) performing a nine-step crystal growth process; (6) after annealing and cooling, when the temperature of an ingot furnace cavity is less than 400 DEG C, introducing argon into the furnace, and opening the ingot furnace when reaching 980mbar to obtain the polycrystalline ingot casting. The manufacturing process disclosed by the invention can be used for improving the whole ingot conversion efficiency, and is low in cost.


On the first mission of the Tethered Satellite System (TSS-1), a 1.8 m diameter spherical satellite will be deployed a distance of 20 km above the Space Shuttle Orbiter on an insulated conducting tether. The satellite will be held at electric potentials up to 5000 volts positive with respect to the ambient plasma. Due to the passage of the conducting tether through the Earth's magnetic field, an electromagnetic field (EMF) will be created, driving electrons down the tether to the Orbiter, out through an electron gun into the ionosphere and back into the positive-biased satellite. The main problem addressed here is the current-voltage characteristics of the ionospheric interaction with the satellite. The first problem is that while the satellite will be capable of measuring charged particle flow to the surface at several locations, the detectors have a limited range of acceptance angle. The second problem is that the angle of incidence of the incoming electrons will have to be relative to the local normal. This will be important in order to predict the magnitude of the detectable current at each detector location so the detector gain can be pre-set to the correct range. The plasma sheath was analyzed mathematically, and subroutines were written to solve relevant finite element, Taylor-Vlasov, and Poisson equations.


The invention relates to a direct dyeing composition for keratinic fibres, especially human keratinic fibres such as hair, containing at least one direct dye and a thickening polymer with an ether plastic skeleton, in a medium which is suitable for dyeing. The invention also relates to dyeing methods and devices for using the inventive composition.


Background and Purpose— In the present study, the effect of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) on the phosphorylation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and the ability of recombinant erythropoietin (Epo) to augment this vasodilator mechanism in the spastic arteries were studied. Methods— Recombinant adenoviral vectors (109 plaque-forming units per animal) encoding genes for human Epo (AdEpo), and &bgr;-galactosidase were injected immediately after injection of autologous arterial blood into the cisterna magna (day 0) of rabbits. Cerebral angiography was performed on day 0 and day 2, and basilar arteries were harvested for Western blots, measurement of cGMP levels, and analysis of vasomotor functions. Results— Injection of autologous arterial blood into cisterna magna resulted in significant vasospasm of the basilar arteries. Despite the narrowing of arterial diameter and reduced expression of eNOS, expressions of phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt) and phosphorylated eNOS were significantly increased in spastic arteries. Gene transfer of AdEpo reversed the vasospasm. AdEpo-transduced basilar arteries demonstrated significant augmentation of the endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine, whereas the relaxations to an NO donor, 2-(N,N-diethylamino)diazenolate-2-oxide sodium salt, were not affected. Transduction with AdEpo further increased the expression of phosphorylated Akt and eNOS and elevated basal levels of cGMP in the spastic arteries. Conclusions— Phosphorylation of eNOS appears to be an adaptive mechanism activated during development of vasospasm. The vascular protective effect of Epo against cerebral vasospasm induced by SAH may be mediated in part by phosphorylation of Akt/eNOS.


Significance We combine cell phone data with survey responses to show that a person's social signature, as we call the pattern of their interactions with different friends and family members, is remarkably robust. People focus a high proportion of their communication efforts on a small number of individuals, and this behavior persists even when there are changes in the identity of the individuals involved. Although social signatures vary between individuals, a given individual appears to retain a specific social signature over time. Our results are likely to reflect limitations in the ability of humans to maintain many emotionally close relationships, both because of limited time and because the emotional "capital" that individuals can allocate between family members and friends is finite. The social network maintained by a focal individual, or ego, is intrinsically dynamic and typically exhibits some turnover in membership over time as personal circumstances change. However, the consequences of such changes on the distribution of an ego's network ties are not well understood. Here we use a unique 18-mo dataset that combines mobile phone calls and survey data to track changes in the ego networks and communication patterns of students making the transition from school to university or work. Our analysis reveals that individuals display a distinctive and robust social signature, captured by how interactions are distributed across different alters. Notably, for a given ego, these social signatures tend to persist over time, despite considerable turnover in the identity of alters in the ego network. Thus, as new network members are added, some old network members either are replaced or receive fewer calls, preserving the overall distribution of calls across network members. This is likely to reflect the consequences of finite resources such as the time available for communication, the cognitive and emotional effort required to sustain close relationships, and the ability to make emotional investments.


By presenting some examples, effectiveness of the THz BWO-spectroscopy is demonstrated for studying electronically correlated systems, such as superconductors, low-dimensional conductors, heavy fermion conductors.


Farlan Veraitch is lecturer in regenerativemedicine bioprocessing and Gary J. Lye is professor of biochemical engineering at University College London Web: www.ucl.ac.uk/biochemeng/industry/regenmed. The authors would like to acknowledge Waqar Hussain, Ph.D., and Paul Mondragon-Teran who performed the work described here, and also the contributions of Professors Peter Dunnill, Chris Mason, and Mike Hoare, and Ivan Wall, Ph.D.


ABSTRACT This notebook for teachers is the result of (1) a workshop held'to discuss ways-bf working with children who do not , respond in traditional ways to learning, despite their high IQ's and apparent abilities, and (2) a questionnaire which was sent.to various schools inside and outside the United States designed to elicit specific information on what and how schools provide for children who have learning problems. The guide discusses solutions to various problems which might arise from the creation of a diagnostic program for these children in the school. The notebook also includes brief descriptions of several tests and evaluations which teachers may use with these children. The notebook then presents diagnosticireports written about four children who represent composite pictures of certain characteristics. The procedures followed for each child are the same and include referral by a teacher conference with the classroom teacher, diagnostic teacher, and administrator; and a conference with parents to let them know what has been done and what procedure has been suggested. The notebook presents various classroom techniques to be used by the teacher in order to sharpen children's receptive and expressive processes. It also contains a discussion of how children with learning problems differ from slow learners, and how to make this distinction by observation of their overt behavior. The notebook also includes guides for parents which contain activities and exercises for. children to practice during the summer. The last section discusses methods of helping children follow directions. (BD) Oa


Women in the United States face numerous financial challenges: They typically earn less than men do; they have greater probabilities of living in poverty; and they need substantial retirement funds, given their average longevity. Consequently, a comprehensive understanding of how women use investment advice to remedy these challenges is vital. However, the literature is largely mute on this issue. This study helps to fill this gap in the literature by evaluating two profiles of female investors through cluster analysis and logistic regression conducted on a large, nationally representative database collected recently. Predictors of seeking investment advice vary considerably across profiles.


Noise estimation is an important issue in image processing because it is a fundamental step in many algorithms for noise suppression and then for image restoration. In the literature, many approaches have been presented in order to obtain good results. This paper presents a novel method suitable for obtaining a good estimation if the type of noise distribution is known. In particular, the algorithm provides the variance of the noise distribution and the proof that the distribution itself matches the foreseen one. The algorithm has been tested on different images affected by Gaussian noise. The simulations show results better than those obtained with other approaches.


The kinetics and mechanisms of oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs) and oxygen evolution reactions (OERs) in the absence and presence of Li+ have been systematically investigated in five ionic liquid (IL)/dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) mixed electrolytes for potential applications for high performance Li–O2 batteries. The diffusion coefficient and solubility of oxygen in these mixed electrolytes are determined by nonlinear fitting of potential-step chronoamperometry obtained at a platinum microelectrode. The mixed electrolytes exhibit enhanced oxygen diffusion coefficient (6.2–11.3 × 10–6 cm2 s–1), compared to neat ILs, and solubility (2.9–6.8 mM), compared to DMSO. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) shows that all the IL-mixed electrolytes display good stability against superoxide (O2•–) except for 1-butyl-3-methyl-pyridinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [BMPy][NTf2], where the generated superoxide is found to be unstable and reacts with the cations of the IL. Using digital simulation of cyclic voltammograms for ORR, ...


With the continuous improvement of living standards,the car's home ownership continues to increase,the phenomenon of road traffic jam is becoming more and more serious. If people do not get the current traffic information,it will bring a lot of inconvenience to travel. In order to solve this problem,the author proposes a real- time traffic system based on PC and mobile terminal by using Arc GIS Server and real- time traffic data.


The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is one of the most important infectious diseases in swine national and international industry because of its economic impact. It is caused by a single stranded RNA virus which its main characteristics are: genetic and antigenic variability, immune modulation properties and its capacity to produce persistent


It is well chronicled that coal fly ash can mitigate the risk of alkali-silica reaction (ASR) in concrete structures. However, the efficacy of individual fly ashes is highly dependent on their chemical composition. Prescriptive requirements for ASR mitigation have largely focused on whether the fly ash is classified as Class F or Class C per ASTM C618, Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete, whereas performance requirements may require extensive testing to satisfactorily demonstrate mitigation potential of a fly ash. Previous research established the need for an accurate model to predict required fly ash replacement rates for ASR mitigation based on the chemical constituents of cement and fly ash. Therefore, a new model is proposed to account for the availability of each chemical constituent from cement and fly ash separately, utilizing ASTM C1260, Standard Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Aggregates (Mortar-Bar Method), and ASTM C1567, Standard Test Method for Determining the Potential Alkali-Silica Reactivity of Combinations of Cementitious Materials and Aggregate (Accelerated Mortar Bar Method), test data. The successful development of models based on 14-day and 28-day expansion data from these tests is presented in this article.


The attractiveness of the tourist and recreational sphere for business development and the national economy is substantiated. The development of the tourist and recreational sphere in Ukraine is characterized and the reasons that restrain it are determined.
The purpose of the research is to develop modern business models for the development of tourism and recreation.
Results. The content of the concept and the main functions of the business model in the tourist and recreational sphere are revealed. The value of tourist and recreational service is determined. The difference of the tourist and recreational sphere from other types of activity on the basis of building a value chain is characterized. Signs of oligopolistic competition for the market of tourist and recreational services are determined. It is proposed to develop the following business models in the tourist and recreational sphere: network tourist and recreational structure on the basis of a large organization that integrates medium and small firms around itself; network of small and medium legally independent tourist and recreational companies; tourist and recreational cluster network. The main elements of the business model are identified - target consumers, value proposition, value chain, profit mechanism. The factors influencing the choice of business model for the development of the tourist and recreational sphere are described. These are the business environment, security, health and hygiene, human resources and the labor market, prices, infrastructure, natural and cultural resources.
Conclusions. It is essential to expand the market of tourist and recreational services in Ukraine network activities of small and medium-sized tourist and recreational companies and tour operators.
Keywords: tourist and recreational sphere, business models, market of tourist and recreational services, tourism, multinational corporations, tour operators, cluster network.


Background: Given the literature and controversy surrounding various cervical lesions, this prospective study aimed to investigate the expression of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 (HER-2/neu) in cervical lesions and its relationship to the histopathological grade and type of tumor. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to assess HER-2/neu expression because it is the most reliable way of detecting HER-2/neu overexpression. Materials and Methods: The prospective hospital-based study was conducted for two years at the Department of Pathology at Tirunelveli Medical College after ethical consideration from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Patients with confirmed biopsies of carcinoma cervix and positive results from hysterectomy specimens were included in the study. The immunochemistry evaluation was conducted using the standard IHC method. A golden-brown membrane and cytoplasmic staining were used for positive deduction, and the intensity of expression was graded according to ASCO guidelines. Result: One hundred patients were included in the study, with 75 presenting with squamous cell carcinoma and 21 with adenocarcinoma. Most patients were in the age group of 51-60 years of age (30.0%), and a total 17% prevalence of HER2/Neu expression was reported, out of which 94.11% were in squamous cell carcinoma patients. A significant correlation (p-value <0.05) was reported between HER2/Neu expression, lymph node metastasis, and clinical staging. Conclusion: HER2/Neu expression was prevalent in 17% of patients with cervical cancer; however, results report an increase in HER2/expression with high clinical staging.


ABSTRACT Strategic planning is a common pathway used by state wildlife agencies to adapt to financial constraints and changing societal needs; both are accelerating developments. Yet evaluations of organizational change because of strategic planning, especially from perspectives of agency personnel, are not well reported in wildlife literature. We provide a template for capturing employee perceptions toward an organizational change initiative within one state wildlife agency. We used an organizational change framework to recognize outcomes and create a customized employee survey to evaluate attitudes toward changes as part of the long term strategic plan. Positive employee reactions to organizational changes were evident throughout the agency. Areas for organizational improvement identified included enhancing communications about change efforts and diffusing strategies working in collaboration with stakeholder groups. Employees identified more with their individual work groups than with the agency as a whole. Insights provide a basis on which to improve future change processes.


Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. (Zingiberaceae) is a medicinal plant indigenous mainly to India and tropical Southeast Asia. The plant has been used in folk medicine for the treatment of various disorders, such as diseases accompanied by tissue inflammation, rheumatism, muscular pain, wounds, and asthma. It has also been used as a carminative. Z. cassumunar is used increasingly as an ingredient in marketed phytomedicines. Therefore, the research informations of Z. cassumunar are required for its efficiently and safely uses. This review article includes chemical constituents, pharmacological and toxicological studies, and quality control of Z. cassumunar and its extracts.


Tunable (993nm-1070nm) near transform limited pulses with durations between 190 and 230 fs and up to 7.2 µJ pulse energy are obtained by a cw seeded optical parametric amplifier that also offers variable pulse lengths.


Computer sinlulations have been carried out to determine the surface effect on the mechanical property of single crystal copper nanowire using the molecular dynamics method. The embedded-atom potential for copper developed by Doyama is employed to represent the atomic interactions. The Gear predictioncorrection algorithm, used to integrate Newton's equations of motion, uses up to the 5'th time derivative of the atom positions. The initial atomic configuration of copper nanowire is in accordance with face-centered cubic (fcc) structure of single crystal bulk. The length direction of nanowire is assumed to be infinite by applying period boundary conditions, while the other two are free surfaces. The nanowire is then freely relaxed to reach a stable state with minimum energy. During this loading-free relaxation process, surface atoms will move, resulting from the loss of near neighbor atoms and the decrease of electron density. Stress analysis shows that not only high surface stress exists, but also that the inner part of cross-section is not stress-free. The fact is self-balanced stresses, i.e. inner compression and outer extension. The stresses are at orders of GPa. Different sizes of cross-section are simulated and size effect is discussed. Essentially, size effect comes fro111 swface effect, because smaller size will result in bigger surface-to-volume ratio. The stress-strain curve is established by uniformly extending the nanowire in the length direction. The evolvement of stress is presented. The mechanical properties, such as elastic modulus, are found remarkably cross-section size dependent, which also owes to the influence of surface atoms. The siinulation results illustrate a clear image of nano-effect, i.e. surface effect, which results in the difference of mechanical properties between nano-structure materials and macro bulk materials. Transactions on Engineering Sciences vol 43, © 2003 WIT Press, www.witpress.com, ISSN 1743-3533


This paper reports a newly developed «Imaging Plate System for a transmission electron microscope» (TEM-IP System which is a total system covering processes from image acquisition to image printing. Through the image reading process, a TEM image recorded on an effective area of 77 × 102 mm on the IP is converted into a digital image of 1,53 × 2,048 pixels with the pixel size of 50 × 50 μm and 4,096 gray levels. A maximum sensitivity of 1 × 10 −1 4 4 (C/cm 2 ) is realized by a combination with the IP and the IP-reader. The IP-processor controls the IP-reader and IP-printer, and allows image processing and data filing


Within the Density Functional Theory a new model of exchange potential containing corrective terms for self interaction and long range behavior is proposed . This potential model contains three constants: a , b and g. The first two are determined through experimental data while the third is calculated by means of a polynomial function of six degrees depending on the total number of electrons. When this potential is introduced in the effective potential and Kohn-Sham equations are solved by iterations, calculated total energies and eigen values reproduce with high accuracy the experimental values. Total electronic densities obtained with this scheme are employed to find numerically the point where the derivatives of the kinetic energy respect to the total electronic density equal either the exchange correlation potential or half the effective Kohn-Sham potential. Solutions of this equality come as a singular point in the radial mesh and are correlated with atomic and covalent radius


The authors describe key factors in teacher preparation and continuing professional development. They pinpoint efforts promulgated by the Council for Exceptional Children on special educator standards and assessments. To meet the demands for improved teacher performance, there is a need to align the standards for state licensing, program accreditation, and national certification. The alignment should span entry, to the profession, continuing practice, and advanced practice. Finally, they summarize themes of authors contributing manuscripts to this special section of Teacher Education and Special Education.


The organic combination of "party building" and "ideological and political education" can better exert the effect of collaborative education and cultivate more comprehensive talents with comprehensive development. This article focuses on the two aspects of "the problems existing in the collaborative education of college student party building and ideological and political education of college students" and "the construction of the collaborative education model of college student party building and college student ideological and political education". The construction of a collaborative education model for ideological and political education of college students will further optimize the talent training work of our country's colleges and universities, and output more and more high-quality talents with both ability and political integrity to the society.


With CSPs (communication service provider) making a lot of investment in 5G infrastructure, generating a return is bound to be a top priority. For 5G network slicing, the ability to service all types of connectivity across common network infrastructure, as well as enable operators to open their networks to B2B2X industries using analytics is key to tapping into the massive projected revenue opportunities. Optimizing Slice allocation and slice selection using machine learning, Deep Learning, and AI (Artificial Intelligence) will be key to generate revenue for CSPs for various B2B2X uses cases on basis of type of device, mobility, Latency requirement, etc. For this purpose, we are introducing O-RAN (Open-Radio Access Network) DeepB2B2XSlice Slice selection and resource optimization Engine. O-RAN DeepB2B2XSlice Engine will identify Service degradation parameter and optimize Slice resources to handle failures in future by deep learning algorithms, improve efficiency and meet SLA(Service Level Agreement) performance requirements. Engine will also perform slice selection optimization function based on SLA requirement, DeepB2B2XSlice Engine will recommend optimize Slice RAN resources parameters based on data analysis from historical data in response allocation request from operator.


This article presents major messages from the National Research Council report, Knowing What Students Know: The Science and Design of Educational Assessment (2001). The committee issuing this report was charged with synthesizing advances in the cognitive sciences and measurement, and exploring their implications for improving educational assessment. The article opens with a vision for the future of educational assessment that represents a significant departure from the types of assessments typically available today, and from the ways in which such assessments are most commonly used. This vision is driven by an interpretation of what is both necessary and possible for educational assessment to positively impact student achievement. The argument is made that realizing this vision requires a fundamental rethinking of the foundations and principles guiding assessment design and use. These foundations and principles and their implications are then summarized in the remainder of the article. The argument is made that every assessment, regardless of its purpose, rests on three pillars: (1) a model of how students represent knowledge and develop competence in the subject domain, (2) tasks or situations that allow one to observe students' performance, and (3) interpretation methods for drawing inferences from the performance evidence collected. These three elements-cognition, observation, and interpretation-must be explicitly connected and designed as a coordinated whole. Section II summarizes research and theory on thinking and learning which should serve as the source of the cognition element of the assessment triangle. This large body of research suggests aspects of student achievement that one would want to make inferences about, and the types of observations, or tasks, that will provide evidence to support those inferences. Also described are significant advances in methods of educational measurement that make new approaches to assessment feasible. The argument is presented that measurement models, which are statistical examples of the interpretation element of the assessment triangle, are cuuently available to support the kinds of inferences about student achievement that cognitive science suggests are important to pursue. Section III describes how the contemporary understanding of cognition and methods of measurement jointly provide a set of principles and methods for guiding the processes of assessment design and use. This section explores how the scientific foundations presented in Section II play out in the design of real assessment situations ranging from classroom to large-scale testing contexts. It also considers the role of technology in enhancing assessment design and use. Section IV presents a discussion of the research, development, policy, and practice issues that must be addressed for the field of assessment to move forward and achieve the vision described in Section I.


This chapter gives an overview of the background and functionality of the high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA), and provides insights into the radio resource management of integrated UMTS/HSDPA networks. The high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) is part of the evolution of the universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS). It is often referred to as 3.5G system, in contrast to UMTS, which is a third generation system. The authors introduce aspects of radio resource management specific to the HSDPA like channel-aware scheduling and radio resource sharing strategies. Furthermore, the impact of radio resource management on the quality of service is analyzed and it is shown that the selection of an RRM strategy is an integral part of the network planning and deployment process


We described the most significant risk factors, especially history of the disease and treatment affect the violation of peripheral hemodynamics in patients in the initial phase of myocardial infarction (MI).


This article examines data reduction methods for airborne gravimetry,including reducing raw gravity observations along survey lines to average height level,compensating system errors by two-step crossover adjustment and gridding gravity data using weighted average(WA),and Shepard surface fitting(SSF)methods.Data block EN01,released by NGS(National Geodetic Survey),is processed according to the scheme,outputting 5′×5′grid gravity disturbances covering a region of 2°×3°,with geodetic height 6 200m.Compared to reference values computed by EGM2008 at the same locations,the accuracies of the output data from WA and SSF are±1.59mGal and ±1.36mGal.


Unfortunately, during the last half century our country has been confronted with political and security problems and has caused Afghanistan to lack a good standing in the region. Insecurity, political problems, and existence of terrorist groups present a black image of Afghanistan to the international community, but with the overthrow of the Taliban regime and the influx of billions of dollars in aid from the international community to Afghanistan; and the formation of interim and transitional governments, Hamid Karzai's presidency, and especially the period of National Unity Government (NUG), with major projects such as Selma Dam, CASA1000, the Lajward Road (also called Lapis Lazuli Route), the Chabahar Port, this black-painted image of Afghanistan from before the interim period has fortunately turned into a beautiful and remarkable image to the international community. As a result of such large projects, the Afghan government has shown very well to neighboring countries that Afghanistan is not just a consumer state and a monopoly of one or two neighboring countries; in addition, the Afghan government has made it clear that there are many ways for the country to go, through which it can facilitate international trade with very low cost. The Chabahar Port showed that our beloved Afghanistan can act in the same way as other countries in the field of development and contribute to paving the way for comprehensive development. In conclusion, it can be claimed that the Chabahar Port is a much safer and cost-efficient route for trade in the country, and the Afghan government can open up numerous opportunities such as the Chabahar Port by providing overall security and having an effective economic plan.


Los Sabinos, a small rural community in the mountains of Mexico has been electrified by means of small distributed PV power systems. The systems were designed and built using, for the first time, the technical specification for photovoltaic rural electrification systems originally developed at the IIE. Since 1992, these PV systems have been monitored. In this paper, the results after two and a half years of operation are presented. The main problems found are pointed out and the lessons learned are discussed.


the [100] TA mode. This would imply only a 3% error or so in the corresponding fluorine-ion eigenvectors. As a method for checking these eigenvectors, isotope-induced absorption is very sensitive but allows access to only a few modes. Others are forbidden by symmetry or swamped by two-phonon summation absorption. The frequency of the X, symmetry point has been found to decrease by 2-3% from the room-temperature value measured in Li F, opposite to the shift direction normally expected. Finally, by using the shell-model data in the region above the reststrahlen frequency, it has been shown that the isotope-induced absorption may be responsible for some of the small features in the high values of conductivity measured by other authors.


The investigation is held in a psychoanalytic logic, the first step is the emergence of three significant: subjectivity, mental health and neoliberalism. In a second step, intersect as reflected in Decree 3039 of 2007 by which the public health national plan 2007/2010 is adopted, and the document Guidelines for Public Policy in Mental Health, and its relationship with neoliberalism.


The «Khosrow and Shirin» poem by Qutub, the poet of the state of the Golden Horde, was created in a heterogeneous cultural environment in the XIV century. This literary work is commonly considered to belong to the islamic love and didactic poetry. However, the life of the main characters develops on the background of Zoroastrian and Christian moral and ethical views. The author also included into the poem the traditions of the Turks with their belief in «the Great Tengri», the creator of the universe. Berke Faqih, the copyist and editor, added to the poem an introduction and a conclusion in the Muslim spirit. This article examined the religious and mythological elements from different cultures, reflected in the text of this poetic work.


Rumen bacterial species belonging to the genera Butyrivibrio are important degraders of plant polysaccharides, particularly hemicelluloses (arabinoxylans) and pectin. Currently, four distinct species are recognized which have very similar substrate utilization profiles, but little is known about how these microorganisms are able to co-exist in the rumen. To investigate this question, Butyrivibrio hungatei (MB2003) and Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus (B316T) were grown alone or in co-culture on the insoluble substrates, xylan or pectin, and their growth, release of sugars, fermentation end products and transcriptomes were examined. In single cultures, B316T was able to degrade and grow well on xylan and pectin, while B. hungatei MB2003 was unable to utilize either of these insoluble substrates to support significant growth. Co-cultures of B316T grown with MB2003 revealed that MB2003 showed almost equivalent growth to B316T when either xylan or pectin were supplied as substrates. The effect of co-culture on the transcriptomes of B316T and MB2003 was very marked; B316T transcription was largely unaffected by the presence MB2003, but MB2003 expressed a wide range of genes encoding carbohydrate degradation/metabolism and oligosaccharide transport/assimilation in order to compete with B316T for the released sugars. These results suggest that B316T has a role as an initiator of the primary solubilization of xylan and pectin, while MB2003 competes effectively as a scavenger for the released soluble sugars to enable its growth and maintenance in the rumen. IMPORTANCE Feeding a global population of nine billion people and climate change are the primary challenges facing agriculture today. Determining the roles of rumen microbes involved in plant polysaccharide breakdown is fundamental to understanding digestion and maximizing productivity of ruminant livestock. Butyrivibrio are abundant rumen bacteria and are a substantial source of polysaccharide-degrading enzymes with biotechnological applications for the depolymerization of lignocellulosic material. Our findings suggest that closely related species of Butyrivibrio have developed unique strategies for the degradation of plant fibre and the subsequent assimilation of carbohydrates in order to coexist in the competitive rumen environment. The identification of genes related to their enzymatic machinery by which these bacteria work in concert to degrade these different forms of polysaccharides contributes to our understanding of carbon flow in the rumen.


The convenient protocol affords high yields for the cyclic ketones, whereas linear ketones are formed with moderate to low yield except in the case of acetophenone (VIa).


Recent psychological models of religion suggest that religious beliefs provide a form of psychological control. Independently, other research has found that an increase in psychological control can lead people to adopt riskier strategies. Hence, we hypothesized that activation of God concepts increases risk taking. In three studies, we found that God primes led to take greater risk taking as though participants were literally "taking a leap of faith." In Study 2, we presented evidence that this effect could be mediated by increased psychological control. Although consistent with psychological models of religion, the findings also contradict some survey findings that religious people are less risk seeking. This inconsistency was addressed in Study 3 by looking at how religion, morality, and risk taking are related. Implications to a relational schema approach to study the effects of God primes are discussed.


Isotactic polypropylene (iPP) has been crystallized in the presence of talc under the quiescent state and shear flow of injection molding. The resulting morphology has been investigated by means of polarizing microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and wide angle X-ray diffraction. In the quiescent state, the iPP lamellae grew from the surface of talc and the transcrystalline region was formed at the interface between iPP melt and the talc. The nucleation of iPP was very frequent on the cleavage plane of talc. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the transcrystal showed a*-axis orientation to the crystal growing direction. In injection-molded samples of the talc-filled iPP, the morphology of lamella growing from talc appeared as same as that of the transcrystal. However, the crystalline orientation of injection-molded talc-filled iPP, in which the b axis was oriented to the thickness direction and the a* and the c axis was oriented to the flow direction, was quite different from that of the transcrystal. This b-axis orientation results from the orientation of the plate plane of talc, which induces the nucleation and the crystallization under shear flow. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 79: 1693–1703, 2001


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technology for detecting a pressing force of a foundation brake device, without detaching a brake shoe and without the need for preparing attachment for each wheel shape. SOLUTION: The support plate 120 of a device 100 for detecting a pressing force is formed in a curved thin plate shape, and a load cell 110 is embedded in one surface thereof. The thickness dimension, including the load cell 110, is configured to be smaller than that of the gap size between a brake shoe 8 and a wheel 10 at the time of non-pressing action. The load cell 110 can be supported between the brake shoe 8 and the wheel 10, when the support plate 120 is disposed between the brake shoe 8 and the wheel 10 along the circumferential direction of the wheel 10. The load cell 110 can detect the pressing force of the brake shoe 8 to the wheel 10, when the load cell is disposed between the brake shoe 8 and the wheel 10. COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT


Abstract : Multigauge computers can operate either with their full datapath width or with the datapath split into separate narrower width machines. Such a concept has been previously shown to provide parallelism when the data values are small. This paper reports on the costs of gauge-shiftable computers. Specifically a single chip microprocessor, the 32-bit Quarter Horse machine, is redesigned to be gauge shiftable under software control to two 16-bit microprocessors. A complete accounting of the effects of gauge shifting on computer architecture is thus realized. Care is taken to identify the effects on the design of SIMD and MIMD executions. The general costs of gauge shifting for other implementation strategies are also identified.


For the material herein dealt with, I am indebted principally to Mr G. A. H. Bedford of the Division of Veterinary Services of South Africa. Other material collected by the writer from bats in the United States National Museum some years ago and a specimen received from Dr C. R. Kellogg of Foochow, China, are also recorded.


It is often assumed that the photon arrival process incident on the photodetector array in a scintillation camera is Poisson. Conditioned on the location and energy of the incident gamma-ray. A simple experiment, in which the covariance between the sensor outputs is empirically determined demonstrates that the observations are not independent conditioned merely on location and energy. We assume that this lack of independence arises from random parameters influencing the Poisson intensity or photodetector responses. Because, these responses can be difficult to either model or measure as a function of the nuisance parameters, we develop two simple approximations to the ideal maximum likelihood estimator for location and energy.


The academic interest and competencies in science and mathematics of children are often begun in families. This research seeks to identify those aspects of family support that have the most influence on students' learning in mathematics and science. It examines the relationship of the mother's support and participation to the eighth grade ethnic minority child's score on standardized tests, particularly mathematics and science. Mothers of 80 students responded via telephone to 63 questions on their behavior, on the physical environment of the home, on their attitudes toward science and mathematics, and four demographic questions. Alpha reliabilities of groups of questions, frequencies, factor analysis using varimax rotation and principle components, and ANOVAs were computed. Finally, multivariate analyses ended with three stepwise multiple regressions using the test scores as dependent variables. This preliminary research on involvement of parents of ethnic minority students shows that students have higher test scores if parents help them see the importance of taking advanced science and mathematics courses, emphasize the importance of mathematics in today's careers, set limits, and visit science/mathematics exhibits and fairs with their child. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Sci Ed82:111–125, 1998.


In this article, it is argued that Tasawaq, a Northern Songhay language in Niger, has two different dialects. One dialect has pharyngealized consonants as phonemes, while the other dialect lacks them, but has a binary opposition between /a/ and /ae/. It is shown that the two phenomena are correlated: wherever the first dialect has a pharyngealized consonant, the other has /a/, while otherwise /ae/ is found. Two historical scenario's are studied, one in which pharyngealization is a recent contact-induced feature in Tasawaq, the other in which the variety without pharyngealization is innovative.


The polarization and spatiotemporal dynamics of coherent pulses propagating in a doped birefringent nonlinear fiber are modeled with the inclusion of the local Lorentz field. The numerical solutions describe the full set of equations for circularly polarized components of a coherent optical pulse coupled to the inhomogeneously ensemble of doped resonance atoms. The local field is shown to degrade the stability of the $4\ensuremath{\pi}$-decay process. The development of a steady-state signal from the series of multiple photon echoes generated in active fiber is observed in simulations.


The Instrument system of simulator is mainly real instrument system at present.It has shortcomings like having complex driving and high price.According to the development of a large-scale transporter simulator,an integrated plane instrument system of real instrument and virtual instrument is given and the developing methods of integration instrument system is presented.It provides new solution for instrument simulation of flight simulator.


Оценка кровоснабжения мозга через интактный череп с использованием визуализирующей фотоплетизмографии Максим Александрович Abstract The feasibility of assessing the parameters of cerebral hemodynamics without skull trepanation using imaging photoplethysmography with illumination in the near-infrared spectrum range was demonstrated for the first time. The results were obtained when studying changes in blood flow in the rat brain in response to short-term respiratory failure (apnea test). Translation of the results into clinical practice will be useful for the development of a method for non-invasive assessment of cerebral blood flow in patients with cerebrovascular diseases.


The use of cultural boycotts motivated by international conflicts between countries or regions has long been observed within sports. However, so far it has not been studied in other context of inte ...


i uring the present century, a number of important surveys have been made of the origins of English dictionaries, such as those by James A. H. Murray (1900), Percy W Long (1909), Mitford Mathews in (1933), Starnes and Noyes (1946), James Root Hulbert (1955), and Ronald A. Wells (1973). Each surveyor had a set of influences that he tended to emphasize. Murray, for instance, made an interesting tale of the glossing of manuscripts in medieval monasteries, but Long and Hulbert have both denied diat there could be a historical connection.2


The utility model discloses a multi -functional environment measuring shallow, including the automobile body, its characterized in that: the top fixed mounting of automobile body has air sampling pipeline, air sampling pipeline connects inside empty gas detection and surveys the ware, one side of air sampling pipeline is equipped with the water quality testing mouth, water quality testing mouth below is equipped with detects the chamber, detect the chamber and connect discharge pipe, be equipped with temperature detection sensor on the lateral wall of automobile body, the bottom of automobile body is equipped with road surface humidity detecting head, main control unit is connected respectively to empty gas detection survey ware, detection chamber, temperature detection sensor, road surface humidity detecting head. The utility model discloses simple structure, the shallow is removed conveniently, and once can detect multiple environment index, uses operating condition stable.


Abstract Burden of disease analyses can quantify the relative impact of different exposures on population health outcomes. Gastroenteritis where the causative pathogen was not determined and respiratory illness resulting from exposure to opportunistic pathogens transmitted by water aerosols have not always been considered in waterborne burden of disease estimates. We estimated the disease burden attributable to nine enteric pathogens, unspecified pathogens leading to gastroenteritis, and three opportunistic pathogens leading primarily to respiratory illness, in Ontario, Canada (population ~14 million). Employing a burden of disease framework, we attributed a fraction of annual (year 2016) emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalisations and deaths to waterborne transmission. Attributable fractions were developed from the literature and clinical input, and unattributed disease counts were obtained using administrative data. Our Monte Carlo simulation reflected uncertainty in the inputs. The estimated mean annual attributable rates for waterborne diseases were (per 100 000 population): 69 ED visits, 12 hospitalisations and 0.52 deaths. The corresponding 5th–95th percentile estimates were (per 100 000 population): 13–158 ED visits, 5–22 hospitalisations and 0.29–0.83 deaths. The burden of disease due to unspecified pathogens dominated these rates: 99% for ED visits, 63% for hospitalisations and 40% for deaths. However, when a causative pathogen was specified, the majority of hospitalisations (83%) and deaths (97%) resulted from exposure to the opportunistic pathogens Legionella spp., non-tuberculous mycobacteria and Pseudomonas spp. The waterborne disease burden in Ontario indicates the importance of gastroenteritis not traced back to a particular pathogen and of opportunistic pathogens transmitted primarily through contact with water aerosols.


In this paper,we established a finite element analysis system of gantry crane and finished many problems under complete control of parameters of crane such as overall layout,load calculation and combination loading,stability and fatigue calculation,etc.The system can give an evaluation to the result,it can also create and save product information automatically with the database.It bases on the analysis of CAD/CAE information of gantry crane design.The CAE information model which is created by the system provides the basis of data sharing.


Objective To discuss the general regularity and the characteristics of the adverse reaction resulting from clindamycin to provide references for the clinic.Methods 215 cases of adverse reaction resulting from clindamycin covered by the medical and pharmaceutical periodicals in the recent 11 years were classified and analyzed statistically.Results 15 organs/systems were involved and the commonest ADRs were damages of skin and its appendages,digestive system,central and peripheral nervous system.Conclusion Clindamycin should be used with caution in patients with a history of hypersensitivity due to the potential danger of significant diarrhea,hematuria and respiratory depression mainly because of drug interactions.


We consider the problem of distributedly computing a general class of functions, referred to as gradient-type computation, while maintaining the privacy of the input dataset. Gradient-type computation evaluates the sum of some "partial gradients", defined as polynomials of subsets of the input. It underlies many algorithms in machine learning and data analytics. We propose Harmonic Coding, which universally computes any gradient-type function, while requiring the minimum possible number of workers. Harmonic Coding strictly improves computing schemes developed based on prior works, such as Shamir's secret sharing and Lagrange Coded Computing, by injecting coded redundancy using harmonic progression. It enables the computing results of the workers to be interpreted as the sum of partial gradients and some redundant results, which then allows the cancellation of non-gradient terms in the decoding process. By proving a matching converse, we demonstrate the optimality of Harmonic Coding, even compared to the schemes that are non-universal (i.e., can be designed based on a specific gradient-type function).


In today's genetic evaluation of Swedish beef cattle, mainly traits that are directly related to productivity are measured. However, other traits, such as temperament and mature cow weight affect the economy of the farmer, as well as the welfare of the animals. This thesis evaluates possible ways of measuring new traits, with focus on temperament and mature weight of suckler cows. The goal is to examine the possible benefits of including these traits in the Swedish breeding scheme. To achieve this, studies of literature, analyses of data and qualitative interviews with farmers have been conducted. Analyses of literature and data showed that recordings of temperament and mature weight can be performed during Swedish conditions. Data of Swedish farms showed that temperament scores were affected by breed, year and season, with the highest number of inferior temperament scores recorded around calving. Mature cow weights for Angus, Simmental and crossbreds were 700 to 820 kg, which is higher than figures stated in international literature. Effects of breed could not be observed for cow weight, which is contrary to findings in literature. To achieve a higher interest for breeding values, it is suggested to include new recordings, such as temperament, longevity and fertility, since it would capture the interests of the farmers and their breeding goals better. By including temperament during handling and aggressive behaviour around calving in the genetic evaluation, the safety for workers, animal welfare, productivity and economics at the Swedish farms could be improved. It is however not recommended to include mature cow weight in the genetic evaluation at present, due to lack of interest and thereof given benefits by inclusion of the trait. Although, the knowledge of the cows' weights amongst farmers needs to be improved. In the future, this new information could be used to improve the Swedish beef recording scheme for a more efficient production.


In this book, the authors discuss media coverage of major conflicts, from the Gulf War in 1990/91 to the NATO military operations in Libya in 2011 and the civil war in Syria. Through in-depth analy ...


Naftifine (NF), a topical antimycotic agent, is highly active in vitro and in vivo against a wide range of pathogenic fungi. NF inhibits human polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) chemotaxis. Following stimulation with zymosan‐activated serum. 85–97% of the PMNs exhibited detectable membrane ruffling and polarity. In contrast, NF‐treated PMNs did not exhibit such chemotactic factor‐induced shape changes. We also analysed the effect of NF on PMN superoxide anion (O2−) and chemiluminescence (CL) production, as a measure of respiratory burst activity. Stimulation of PMNs pre‐incubated with NF (37°C for 30 min at 1–150 μg/ml) hy FMLP, PMA and zymosan resulted in a dose‐dependent inhibition in PMN CL. Doses of NF which depressed chemotaxis, inhibited CL and diminished O2− production in a statistically significant manner (P<0.05–0.001). In conclusion, NF alters membrane‐related responses in PMNs, and this alteration may be associated with a change in PMN morphology. Binding of NF to PMN membrane sterol, with a subsequent alteration in membrane configuration, is the most likely cause of the inhibition of PMN function. The data collectively document biochemical and morphological differences between control and NF‐treated PMNs as determined by stimulus‐specific CL and O2− generation and membrane shape change. Such differences may account, in part, for its efficacy in inflammatory fungal skin diseases.


CASE 1 M1rs. T., aged 34 years, married, nulliparous, was seen on January 16, 1918, at the Bowmanville Hospital with Dr. B. J. Hazelwood, complaining of a swelling in the lower and centre part of the abdomen. This had been noticed for a few months and had increased in size fairly rapidly, and while there was some general discomfort in the abdomino-pelvic region there was very little pain. There was some increase in frequency of urination but no menstrual symptoms. Her general condition was good. Examination revealed a very firm, rounded, precipitous, immobile tumour immediately above the pubes. The arc presented was quite equal to that of an average fetal head. Pelvic examination showed the pelvis to be almost entirely filled with a hard immovable mass merging into that felt through the abdomen. The cervix of the uterus was directed downwards and forwards, and the body of the uterus seemed to be lying far back in the hollow of the sacrum. The whole pelvis was practically jammed with the tumour. Tensing the abdominal muscles did not alter the outward appearance of the mass. While its very large size, as felt bimanually, suggested a fibroid tumour of the uterus its anterior part seemed to have an intimate conneetion with the abdominal wall. Further examination was made under aniesthesia, when it was found that the much retroposed uterus could be moved slightly and independently and that the tumour, though largely filling the pelvis, was incorporated in the abdominal wall. Operation was undertaken forthwith and proved to be exceedingly difficult. The tumour, which had evidently arisen from the fascia posterior to the recti museles, had so invaded these muscles that large portions of them had to be sacrificed. The peritoneum which was carried inwards was inseparable from the tumour, and


OBJECTIVE
The objective of this work was to determine the prevalence, sociodemographic characteristics, and service utilization patterns of African American grandparents raising grandchildren compared with noncaregiving peers.

METHODS
Data were obtained from the Census 2000 Supplementary Survey/American Community Survey, a nationally representative survey of 890,000 households. Analysis was based upon comparison of 2,362 African American grandparent caregivers aged 45+ with 40,148 noncaregiving peers. Gender-specific analyses also were conducted.

RESULT
Over 500,000 African Americans aged 45+ were estimated to be raising grandchildren in 2000. They were disproportionately female, younger, and less educated than noncaregivers and more likely to be living in poverty and receiving public assistance. Grandmother caregivers had significantly higher rates of functional limitations and poverty than either grandfather caregivers or other African American women aged 45+.

DISCUSSION
African American grandparent caregivers, particularly grandmothers, represent a highly vulnerable population economically. The finding that four-fifths of African American grandmother caregivers below the poverty line were not receiving public assistance underscores the need for improving program outreach and substance to better serve this population. The use of theories of intersectionality and multiracial feminism in future studies of grandparent caregiving should enhance our understanding of how the impact of race on gender varies by social class.


The 2-chloropyrazine and 2-chloropyrimidine reacted with Ru3(CO)12in refluxing THF to give two new trinuclear cluster compounds C14H2N2O10ClRu31 and 2,respectively.The two new cluster compounds were characterized by IR,elemental analysis and 1 HNMR spectra.The crystal structure of cluster compound 1 was determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction.Crystal data:triclinic system,space group Pī,a=0.952 18(2)nm,b=1.389 73(4)nm,c=1.587 36(5)nm.α=79.011(2)°,β=87.709(2)°,γ=73.011(2)°,V=1.971 74(9)nm3,Z=4,Dc=2.347g/cm3,μ=2.460mm-1,F(000)=1 316,R1=0.029 5,wR2=0.063 2.CCDC:969368.


To help meet these needs, Smart Growth America (SGA) has sponsored this groundbreaking research by Rutgers University Professor Reid Ewing and Cornell University Professor Rolf Pendall. It represents a rigorous effort to measure the characteristics of sprawl and their impacts on quality of life. In this study, sprawl is defined as low-density development with residential, shopping and office areas that are rigidly segregated; a lack of thriving activity centers; and limited choices in travel routes. These features constitute four factors that can then be measured and analyzed: 1) Residential density; 2) Neighborhood mix of homes, jobs, and services; 3) Strength of centers, such as business districts; and 4) Accessibility via the street network. All of these are well-established descriptors of urban sprawl in the relevant academic literature, but this study represents the first effort to attempt to measure sprawl in all of these dimensions.


The invention discloses an image restoration method based on contour matching. The image restoration method based on the contour matching comprises the steps that a determined area to be restored is marked by marks, a block to be restored is defined in the imaged to be restored, a corresponding optimal matching block in a reference image is defined through the contour matching, pre-restoration is carried out on pixels to be restored in the block to be restored through the optimal matching block, the block to be restored is moved, the contour matching is carried out every time the block to be restored is moved to obtain optimal matching blocks, the pre-restoration is carried out on all the pixels to be restored in sequence, lastly, the pre-restoration is carried out on any pixel, weighted processing is carried out on pixel values of corresponding pixels in all the optimal matching blocks, and final restoration is carried out on the pixels by using the weighted processing results. According to the image restoration method based on the contour matching, matching restoration is carried out on the image to be restored through the contour matching, and the restoration is completed with the pixels as units step by step. Furthermore, the restoration comprises the pre-restoration and the final restoration, restoration precision is high through two-time restoration, needed manual intervention is less, and the image restoration method based on the contour matching is suitable for self-adaptation restoration.


Journey to Mecca (; al-Rihla al-Makkiyya; 1941), by the distinguished Moroccan historian and legal scholar Ahmad al-Rahuni, recounts a hajj, or pilgrimage to Mecca, sponsored by the fascist Spanish dictator Francisco Franco in 1937. Franco's support for the hajj was part of a vast propaganda effort to cast Franco's Spain as a friend of Islam and a defender of the cultural heritage of al-Andalus (medieval Muslim Iberia). Al-Rahuni's travel narrative blurs the line between Mecca and Spain by casting Spain's Islamic heritage sites as a metaphoric Mecca to which Muslims should make pilgrimage. The account thus highlights the collaboration between Spanish fascists and Moroccan elites. It also complicates the dominant scholarly narratives about modern Arabic literature, which have tended to focus on Egypt, the novel, and secular epistemologies. Al-Rahuni's text speaks, instead, to the persistence of Arabic prose genres that do not conform to a Eurocentric notion of literature.


The aim of this research is to find out whether there is any significant increase of students' reading comprehension ability after being taught using questioning technique. The population of this reseach were the second year of SMPN 2 Natar Lampung Selatan, and VIIIC consisted 32 students as sample. The data were collected by using pretest-posttest design and analyzed using Repeated Measure t-test with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0. The result shows that the students' mean score of pretest is 54.52 while the mean score of posttest is 65.00. The significant value was (p=0.000, p<0.005), t-value was 10.48. It showed that hypothesis was accepted. It is concluded that there is any significant increase of students' reading comprehension ability after being taught using questioning technique.


Objective To observe and analyze the effect of different anesthesia depth on the cognitive function and the serum S100-βprotein level of the elderly patients after operation.Methods 100cases of the elderly patients treated with abdominal operation in general anesthesia were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into the shallow anesthesia group and the deep anesthesia group.50patients were included into each group.The Narcotrend anesthesia depth indexes(NTI)of the patients in the shallow anesthesia group were controlled in the range of 47-64,while the NTIs of the patients in the deep anesthesia group were controlled in the range of 20-36.The NTI,mean arterial pressure(MAP),and heart rate(HR)of the patients in the two groups at each observation time point during the operation were recorded and compared;the Minimental State Examination(MMSE)scale was employed to observe and compare the incidences of postoperative cognitive dysfunction(POCD)of the patients in the two groups;the serum S-100βprotein concentrations of the patients in the two groups at intraoperative and postoperative observation points were detected and compared;the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)was applied to evaluate the degree of pain of the patients in the two groups after the operation;the dosage of propofol and remifentanil applied in the operation and the proportion of the patients treated with vasoactive drugs in the two group were observed and compared.Results The differences of anesthesia time,operation time,dose of remifentanil and postoperative VSA scores between the patients in the two groups were not significant(P0.05).The differences of MAP and HR between the two groups were not significant(P0.05).There was no significant difference of the application of vasoactive drugs ratio between the two groups(P0.05).The propofol dosage of the patients in the shallow anesthesia group was significantly lower than that of the deep anesthesia group(P0.05);the POCD incidences of the shallow anesthesia group and the deep anesthesia group were 42% and 14%respectively and the POCD incidence of the patients in the shallow anesthesia group was higher than that of the deep anesthesia group(P0.05);the serum S-100β protein levels of the patients in the two groups increased significantly at the time points during the operation(P0.05)and the S-100βprotein levels of the patients in the shallow anesthesia group were significantly higher than that of the deep anesthesia group at the same time point(P0.05).Conclusion The different depth of anesthesia can guarantee the intraoperative and postoperative balances of hemodynamics of the elderly patients.Their anesthetic effects and the postoperative degree of pains are basically equal.There is the central nervous system injury during surgery with the patients in different depth of anesthesia,but the serum S-100β protein level of the patients in rather shallow anesthesia depth is in a higher degree and the damage to the nervous system is more serious.To maintain a deeper anesthesia management during the operation can reduce the incidence of POCD of the elderly patients.


Davies, Steffan. The Wallenstein Figure in German Literature and Historiography 1790-1920. London: Modern Humanities Research Association and the Institute of Germanic and Romance Studies, University of London, 2010. £35.00 hardcover. In his well-organized and thoroughly researched study, Davies evaluates historiographical accounts and literary representations of Albrecht von Wallenstein from Friedrich Schiller to Alfred Doblin. He demonstrates clearly that Schiller's dramatic-historical representation of "Wallenstein" has had a powerful impact not only on dramatic literature, as is known and might be expected, but on historiography itself. Davies sees Schiller's drama, Wallenstein, to be "the starting point of a myth" (10), "Wallenstein," that profoundly impacted literary representations, historical accounts, and Schiller 's reception well into the 20th century. Davies also traces Schiller's changing views of his dramatic hero and historical figure during the writing of the trilogy. This is also a careful study. Davies is fully aware of the strengths and limitations of his approaches to the subject. He is attentive to the context(s) in which readers and writers at different points in time have taken keen interest in the figure of "Wallenstein." For the sake of brevity, I draw attention to several of the scholar's main theses. First, ambivalence plays a strong, dynamic role in Schiller's characterizations in both the Geschichte des Dreisigjahrigen Krieges and Wallenstein. Davies argues that Schiller's historiographical representations are not simply a "mere backdrop" for his drama. They present the hero as a complex figure whose ambivalence is much more akin to the dramatic hero than has been recognized. Schiller did not depict greatness to be a positive heroic trait but as a problem: the military commander Wallenstein, is "the wrong man at the wrong time," a "morally dubious challenger [...] to legitimacy" (32). Davies concludes that "Wallenstein [...] operates not only in the grey area between literature and the historical record, but also in the complex nexus of art and contemporary reality" (44). It seems that it is the very tension between historiographical writing and literary expression that has made Schiller's Geschichte so captivating and his drama so intriguing. Second, in his treatment of numerous critical re-evaluations of Wallenstein from the time of Schiller to the 20th century, Davies discloses many lesser-known features of "Wallenstein's" reception history, while remaining alert to the political significance of Schiller's work. His extensive coverage of 19th-century representations of Wallenstein in literature and historiography is a highly significant contribution to scholarship. Here, Davies focuses on representations of Wallenstein in newspaper articles, speeches, school curricula, and literary histories, many of which reflect the inclusion of Schiller 's drama into German "national" literature and the play's role in the formation of German national identity. …


STUDY OBJECTIVE
To examine the safety of bedside percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy in obese patients.

DESIGN
Case series of consecutive obese patients (body mass index > or = 27 kg/m(2)) with acute respiratory failure in a medical, cardiac, or surgical ICU unit who required tracheostomy for failure to wean and continued mechanical ventilatory support.

RESULTS
Thirteen obese patients were identified and consented to the procedure. Bedside percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy was successfully performed in the ICU for all 13 patients. Procedural complications were limited to paratracheal tracheostomy tube placement in one patient, with immediate identification and appropriate correction. Postprocedural complications were limited to a cuff leak in one patient.

CONCLUSION
Bedside percutaneous tracheostomy can be safely performed in obese patients.


Using the upgraded Vulcan Petawatt laser at 3/spl times/10/sup 20/ Wcm/sup -2/ intensities, target interactions and acceleration in a gas jet were studied. Electron spectra with energies up to 240 MeV were detected. Indications of a new acceleration regime, which results in a nonMaxwellian distribution were observed.


DEAR EDITOR, A 38-year-old woman was referred to the department of dermatology because of an itching skin disorder localized in the red part of a multicoloured tattoo on the right forearm. There were no other skin abnormalities or tattoo complaints. On physical examination, we observed an elevated and partly hyperkeratotic plaque in the red area with acneiform inclusions in the dermis. Histopathological evaluation showed interface dermatitis, lymphohistiocytic inflammation and cyst-like structures with epithelium and keratotic material. The skin disorder was diagnosed as a hypersensitivity reaction to the red tattoo pigment, with an excessive hyperkeratotic pattern with epidermoid cysts.


14-,18-, and 22-membered tetraaza macrocycles have been prepared by the reaction of acetylacetone with ethylenediamine, 1,4-butanediamine, or 1,6-hexanediamine, respectively. Their copper(II) and nickel(II) complexes were characterized by electronic and infrared spectroscopies. The 14-membered macrocycle forms a mononuclear copper(II) complex with a planar structure, whereas the 18-membered macrocycle forms a mononuclear copper(II) complex with a pseudo-tetrahedral structure, and the 22-membered macrocycle forms di- and trinuclear copper(II) complexes. The complexation and extraction abilities of these macrocycles toward copper(II) and nickel(II) ions are discussed.


Biomathematics is an interdisciplinary subject consisting of mathematics and biology, which is widely applicable for the analysis of biological problems. In this paper, we provide a mathematical model of two-phase hepatic blood flow in a jaundice patient's artery. The blood flow is thought to be a two-phased process. The clinical data of a jaundice patient (blood pressure and hemoglobin) is gathered. To begin, hemoglobin is transformed into hematocrit, and blood pressure is turned to a decline in blood pressure. For the examination of hepatic arteries in Newtonian and non-Newtonian movements, a mathematical model is constructed. The relationship between two-phase blood flow flux and blood pressure reduction in the hepatic artery is established. For various hematocrit levels, the blood pressure decrease is determined. The patient's states are defined by the slope of the linear relationship between computed blood pressure decrease and hematocrit.


The object of the present study was to develop a simple, precise simultaneous HPLC method for estimation of Tamsulosin (TAM) and Finasteride (FIN) in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. The method involves the use of easily available inexpensive laboratory solvents. The separation was achieved on spherisorb  C-18 column with isocratic flow detected at 210nm. The mobile phase consisted of methanol: 0.03mM phosphate buffer pH 3.5 (70:30v/v) with flow rate of 1.0mL/min. A linear response was observed over concentration range of 4-40μg/mL for tamsulosin and 10-80μg/mL for finasteride. Limit of detection and limit of quantitation for tamsulosin were 1.13μg/mL and 3.43μg/mL, and for finasteride were 1.37μg/mL and 4.21μg/mL, respectively. The recovery of tamsulosin and finasteride was found to be in the range of 98.80-100.24% and 99.33-100.33%,respectively. The low %RSD value indicated a good precision and stability of the analytical method. The analysis concluded that the method was selective for simultaneous estimation of tamsulosin and finasteride can be potentially used for the estimation of these drugs in combined dosage form. Key words: HPLC, tamsulosin, finasteride, validation, pharmaceutical dosage form


Abstract. Hayati Z, Desfiana UH, Suhartono S. 2022. Distribution of multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolated from clinical specimens in the Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5043-5049. Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium are two predominant enterococcal species associated with opportunistic infections, especially in clinical settings. This study aimed to determine the distribution and antibiotic sensitivity of E. faecalis and E. faecium isolated from clinical specimens in the Zainoel Abidin General Hospital during 2019-2022. This study involved isolation, identification, and testing of antibiotic susceptibility of E. faecalis and E. faecium isolates. A total number of 299 enterococcal isolates detected in this study consisting of 233 (7.92%) isolates of E. faecalis and 66 (2.18%) isolates of E. faecium. Both E. faecalis and E. faecium shared phenotypic features in common. Enterococcus faecalis isolates exhibited less sensitivity to benzathine penicillin G, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, tetracycline, high-level streptomycin, doxycycline, and fosfomycin. Enterococcus faecium had less sensitive to all tested antibiotics, except for linezolid, vancomycin, and tigecycline. Based on the clinical specimens, enterococci were predominantly found in urine specimens accounting for 42.80%, while based on patient's age, enterococci were prevalently found in patients aged >46 years accounting for 72%. The distribution of both enterococci was evenly detected in both male and female patients. Based on the wards, enterococci were predominantly detected (50.65%) in patients treated in the internal medicine wards. Overall, the present study suggested the susceptibility of enterococcal pathogens and determined the most effective antimicrobials as empirical therapy to treat the infections. The surveillance programs and infections control should be effectively implemented to manage these multidrug-resistant enterococcal infections particularly within healthcare settings.


Designing an inlet based on the fuselage geometry and its constraints is an important part of flight vehicle design. Among the different possible configurations, design integration of a supersonic inlet with a cylindrical fuselage is a major challenge. On one hand, propulsive efficiency requirements force the designers to consider the simplest compression surfaces for the inlet entrance geometries and on the other hand, the considerable drag of inlet/diverter integrations needs to be minimized, which can affect the inlet. In this paper, two new concepts as a replacement for a top mounted pitot inlet are presented: a three-dimensional wave-derived inlet and a trigonometric bump inlet. They are designed based on computational fluid dynamics simulations and their performance has been measured and compared with the initial single normal shock inlet as a baseline.


That diabetes insipidus in man is caused by lesions in the environs of the hypothalamus is well established by human clinical and pathologic material. It is indeed pathognomonic of a lesion of some type in this general region. However, the precise limits of the neurogenic center have not been established. For example, the relationship of the stalk of the hypophysis (infundibulum), the supra-optic and paraventricular nuclei, the tuber cinereum and the component parts of the hypophysis itself still remain in dispute. Human pathologic material, particularly tumors, although the safest source of interpretation as applied to man, has nevertheless been of little value in sharply localizing this center because, with few exceptions, the lesions have been so large that more than one of the disputed areas have been involved. The animal experiments on this problem are open to even more criticism, because the component parts of the so-called hypothalamichypophysial ensemble are


Based on a research on the flow and sediment characteristics of the river section where Zhuzhou Navigational Hydroelectric Junction locates, during both construction period and service period, the law of flow and sediment motion was mastered Countering its unfavorable influence, relevant engineering measures were taken, which may serve as reference for design, construction, maintenance and utilization of similar low-head navigational hydroelectric junction 