Nowadays, anthropogenic seismicity during mining operations is actual in many countries around the world. Strong rockbursts and anthropogenic earthquakes cause not only large material damage but also social and environmental impact. At that, the major geodynamic events and sudden seismic activity remain statistically rare events that makes it difficult to study these phenomena and to find out regularities. Uniqueness of their occurrence conditions and, often, inaccessibility of information contribute to such state of affairs. At that, rockbursts were known since the 19th century and information on conditions of their occurrence is available in published papers and special catalogues. It seems that use in summarizing and analysis of the data on strong rockbursts occurred in the past at the deposits worldwide could contribute to a better understanding of a nature and mechanisms of anthropogenic earthquakes which take place today. In this connection, a problem on the rockbursts data re-using for search of the anthropogenic seismicity regularities has been arisen. In paper, structure and content of the published in the Soviet Union and Russia special catalogs and international bibliography indexes on rockbursts are analyzed. The data available in the catalogs and publications can be used for studying and confirming of some studying regularities related to the reactivation of tectonic faults, presence of tectonically strained zones, occurrence of geodynamic hazard far from the place of mining works. It is concluded that repeated analysis of the data on the rockbursts occurrence at the deposits worldwide on the basis of up-to-date geomechanical concepts will allow extending the statistical basis for search and identification of the anthropogenic seismicity regularities.


US EPA has proposed new categorical pretreatment standards for the wastewater generated by the Metal Products and Machinery industry, which includes all automotive plants. The oil and grease (O&G) standard (17 mg/L monthly average) is one to two orders of magnitude lower than Ford's current discharge limits. The rationale for this low standard is to remove most organics from the wastewater. Most engine and transmission plants will not meet the standard without modification. Therefore, adsorption was studied as an add-on option to polish the effluent from the existing treatment process, either chemical de-emulsification or ultrafiltration. Five adsorbents (powdered activated carbon, anthracite, and three modified clay adsorbents) were investigated by developing adsorption isotherms for O&G and chemical oxygen demand (COD) using wastewater collected from a Ford plant. Activated carbon had the highest adsorption capacity, whereas anthracite had the lowest. For a typical O&G concentration range (0 to 30 mg/L) expected in the effluent after chemical de-emulsification or ultrafiltration, activated carbon was found to outperform all clay adsorbents studied by over an order of magnitude in terms of both adsorption capacity and costs. The removal of COD via adsorption showed a trend similar to that of O&G.


The integration of scientific research into conservation decision-making processes remains a significant challenge. There is very little empirically grounded guidance to help scientists and decision-makers design and implement research programs that facilitate knowledge exchange and evidence-based decision-making. Chris Cvitanovic outlines how recent research has sought to address this problem, and in doing so established a set of key design principles to guide the development and implementation of future research programs that can be applied across all disciplines.


This paper considers an autonomous model containing coupled subsystems with ordinary differential equations as subsystems. Each subsystem is supposed to admit a family of oscillations with the period depending on a single parameter. The problem of natural stabilization is solved: couplings that ensure both existence of an oscillation and its asymptotic stability are found.


The lifedeath viewpoint of the Confucians, with rich theoretical value, has always regarded as the vital thinking source of the modern life ethics, which mainly contains the followings: cherish life and stress present life; enjoy life and avoid death; look up to death as well as life; create immortal life value between life and death; leave off keeping alive without serious ambition and admit the meaning of death. 


The guidance characteristic for terminal large impact angle attack has been researched and a method is presented for impact angle design to satisfy terminal constraints. Based on the research of modeling and close-form solution of terminal guidance law, the characteristics of guidance command, location and velocity are analyzed and verified. Utilizing the adjoint method, the non-dimensional miss distance and impact angle error are discussed deeply, and it comes the conclusion that the guided time needs 15 times longer than system lag time at least, which can make sure the miss convergence. With the analysis of the effect for guidance weighted coefficients to impact angle, the method is proposed for the conversion design between constraint and actual impact angle value, and the simulation results show that the conversion design method is valid.


Definite Clause Grammars (DCGs) are a convenient way to describe lists in Prolog. They are a common mean to specify grammars for natural language processing and to parse formal languages. Despite its long history, tools dedicated to the development and debugging of DCGs are rare. In this paper, we present an interactive, web-based tool to visualise the execution of a DCG. To collect the required information from Swi-Prolog, we discuss several techniques, including meta-interpreters, trace interceptors, and term expansions.


A fully automatic self-adaptive control system is described. The basic uncompensated system consists of a second-order controller and a second-order process which are connected in series and enclosed by an overall feedback loop. The characteristics of the controller are constant; the bandwidth of the process is a variable. A configuration of this type is often encountered in flight control.The self-adaptive feature is achieved by means of a subsidiary loop. This loop detects changes in the process bandwidth and compensates for these changes by the continuous adjustment of a compensating element which is common to the basic system and the subsidiary loop. This compensating action is based on the difference that exists between the actual compensation that is inserted into the system and the amount that is required. An h.f. sinusoidal signal is used to probe the process. The performance of the self-adaptive system is shown to be invariant for both transient and sinusoidal inputs.


This paper studies the sliding mode boundary control of parabolic distributed parameter systems with space-dependent parameters. A sliding surface is selected to guarantee that the system is asymptotically stable. The Lyapunov method is used to design a sliding mode boundary controller to guarantee that the trajectories of the system subject to disturbances reach the sliding surface within the prescribed time. Some numerical simulations are finally provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control method.


The blood–brain barrier (BBB) expresses a high abundance of transporters, particularly P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp), that regulate endogenous and exogenous molecule uptake and removal of waste. This review discusses key drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic considerations for the efflux transporter P‐gp at the BBB in drug discovery and development. We highlight the differences in P‐gp expression and protein levels across species but the limited observations of species‐specific substrates. Given the impact of age and disease on BBB biology, we summarise the modulation of P‐gp for several neurological disorders and ageing and exemplify several disease‐specific hurdles or opportunities for drug exposure in the brain. Furthermore, the review includes observations of CNS‐related drug‐drug interactions due to the inhibition or induction of P‐gp at the BBB in animal studies and humans and the need for continued evaluation especially for compounds with a narrow therapeutic window. This review focusses primarily on small molecules but also considers the impact of new chemical entities, particularly beyond Ro5 molecules and their potential to be recognised as P‐gp substrates as well as advanced drug delivery systems which offer an alternative approach to achieve and sustain central nervous system exposure.


The sociology of science has undergone considerable growth and diversification in recent years. Early sociology of science was developed within philosophical debates regarding the nature of science...


A harmonic radar system can easily locate transponders. However, the use of conventional harmonic radar systems is limited in environments with many obstacles such as a forest. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a harmonic radar system that can avoid obstacles in environments using multiple low-cost receivers and transmitters. Experimental results show that this system can determine the location of a transponder even in a forest full of obstacles.


This paper examines entry Into and exit from the U.S. steel industry during the last three decades. It first looks at the entry-vd.th-new-technology strategy and the resultant performance of these entrants which gives rise to leapfrog type competition. Then a simple model of exit behavior based on technological change and obsolescence is derived. It is found that ineffectiveness and inefficiency contribute equally to the exit from the steel industry and is exemplified through the use of the integrated steelmaking sector's performance.


In the year 2003, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) have launched a project to develop the deep-seated geothermal water for large-scale space heating in Pohang city, located south-eastern part of Korean Peninsula, with the funding from KORP (Korea Research Council of Public Science and Technology). Various geologic and geophysical surveys including Landsat TM image analysis, gravity and magnetic surveys, magnetotelluric (MT) and self-potential (SP) surveys have been performed to delineate possible fractures that would serve as deeply connected geothermal water conduit. Based on the surveys, two test boreholes have been drilled; one for coring, 1.1 km deep, and the other for production test, 1.5 km deep. Pumping test from the test borehole reserves geothermal water of 51 °C with the production rate of 560 tons/day. With the promising results, a production well have been located roughly 1 km north from the test site and drilled down to 2.385 km deep, starting with 16 inch diameter and ending with 6 and a half inches. Drilling logs and geophysical logging indicates there are several permeable fractures intersecting the borehole and the bottom temperature is over 90 °C. From the production well, above 70 °C of geothermal water is expected to be produced and is to be used, for the first time in Korea, in a cascade manner such as district heating for apartments or public buildings nearby, green houses, and aquacultures


According to the demand of internal property management,the paper analyzes the current situation and problems of property management,puts forward fulfilling it from the angle of logistics.


A y-z correlation has been observed for semi-inclusive nu-tildeN..--> mu../sup +/h/sup -/X reactions in the current fragmentation region in an antineutrino experiment carried out with the Fermilab 15-foot bubble chamber. This correlation can be explained as an effect of higher twists. When the kinematic effect is ignored, the parameter , which determines the magnitude of the higher-twist contribution, is estimated to be 0.18 +- 0.06 (GeV/c)/sup 2/.


The aim of the research was to determine immunoglobulin E in relation to allergic processes in pediatric patients attending the medical clinic "Jesus the Good Shepherd" Portoviejo; establishing the relationship of immunoglobulin E with possible causes of this condition. The methodology used was descriptive and observational, not experimental ; A convenience sample with E a total of 145 pediatric patients the same as testing for immunoglobulin determination were performed by the same screening technique that is applied with a confidence and acceptance to obtain the following results , where 100% sample was obtained that 54 % are negative cases and 46 % are positive cases ; in relation to the patient's clinical picture frequency of allergen causes was 43% followed by respiratory allergic processes with 25 % and 17 % refers to the lowest percentage of food allergies . In conclusion it is determined that there is a high frequency of cases of allergy due to allergens followed by respiratory allergic processes , so it is suggested preventive measures to reduce this type of disease and improve health quality of pediatric maintaining apply good lifestyle .


(1989). Now you See Him, Now you Don't, Now you Do Again: The Evolution of Raymond Carver's Minimalism. Critique: Studies in Contemporary Fiction: Vol. 30, No. 4, pp. 239-251.


We report results of a study of the effects of strong static (up to 16 T for 8 h) and pulsed (up to 55 T single‐shot and 4 × 20 T repeated shots) magnetic fields on Saccharomyces cerevisiae cultures in the exponential phase of growth. In contrast to previous reports restricted to only a limited number of cellular parameters, we have examined a wide variety of cellular processes: genome‐scale gene expression, proteome profile, cell viability, morphology, and growth, metabolic and fermentation activity after magnetic field exposure. None of these cellular activities were impaired in response to static or pulsed magnetic field exposure. Our results confirm and extend previous reports on the absence of magnetic field effects on yeast and support the hypothesis that magnetic fields have no impact on the transcriptional machinery and on the integrity of unicellular biological systems. Bioelectromagnetics 31:28–38, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Objective— We have previously shown that the intramuscular transfer of the anti–monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) gene (called 7ND) is able to prevent experimental restenosis. The aim of this study was to determine the in vivo efficacy and safety of local delivery of 7ND gene via the gene-eluting stent in reducing in-stent neointima formation in rabbits and in cynomolgus monkeys. Methods and Results— We here found that in vitro, 7ND effectively inhibited the chemotaxis of mononuclear leukocytes and also inhibited the proliferation/migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. We then coated stents with a biocompatible polymer containing a plasmid bearing the 7ND gene, and deployed these stents in the iliac arteries of rabbits and monkeys. 7ND gene-eluting stents attenuated stent-associated monocyte infiltration and neointima formation after one month in rabbits, and showed long-term inhibitory effects on neointima formation when assessments were carried out at 1, 3, and 6 months in monkeys. Conclusi...


Studies of the microstructure of tendon-bone attachments in mammals have shed light on their role in mediating efficient force transfer between tendon and bone, two tissues that differ vastly in their structure, composition, and material properties. Studies have also elucidated the importance of mechanical stimulation in maintaining tendon-bone attachment structures so that they may function successfully in dissipating mechanical stresses at the tendon-bone interface, to minimize the risk of tissue failure. Gross anatomical studies in fish have focused on identifying pathways of myomere contractile force transmission to the backbone of the fish, via connective tissue septa, to achieve body undulation. Little focus has been placed on how these connective tissues connect to the bone at the microscopic level to achieve force transfer. Moreover, whether or not these attachments are capable of undergoing remodeling in response to novel force regimes—which may influence their function—remains to be elucidated. First, we characterized the microstructure and material properties of the epicentral tendon-vertebra attachment in rainbow trout by conducting histology and tensile-testing. Individual collagen fibers of the epicentral tendon projected directly into the cancellous bone of the vertebra. We observed rostral-to-caudal trends in material properties for attachments found at different positions within the region spanning the dorsal and adipose fin, suggesting that attachments differed in their structure and/or composition at different positions along the backbone. Furthermore, the angle of the epicentral tendon with respect to the bone influenced the material properties and structural integrity of the attachments during tensile-testing, suggesting that attachments may be optimized to transfer force along particular angles. Second, we studied the effect of unloading on the material properties of the epicentral tendon-vertebra attachment by severing a subset of epicentral tendons on one side of rainbow trout. Severing of epicentral tendons had no effect on attachment material properties, suggesting that attachments did not undergo any alterations in structure and/or composition. We propose that the contiguous network of connective tissues in which the epicentral tendons are embedded as well as the fish's gross musculature may have supported the maintenance of function of the epicentral tendon-vertebra attachments.


Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate long term sickness absentees' health status before and after an intervention. Furthermore, to gain deeper understanding of factors related to promoting and preventing return to work for people with limited sick leave compensation. Method: The study is based on data from the EU-funded project "SAMKLANG" which is a longitudinal intervention study. Data has been collected from 59 long term absentees though questionnaires conducted before and one year after the start of the project. Data has also been collected through semi structured interviews from 13 participants after the end of the project. They were divided into two groups (those who had returned to work/studies or had an internship and those who still were sickness absent). The intervention is based on treatment as well as cooperation between organizations involved in a rehabilitation process for people with one year of sick leave compensation remaining. The results from the surveys were analyzed with ANOVA for repeated measures and data from the interviews were analyzed using content analysis. Result: The main result from the quantitative part of this study showed no significant difference in return to work between those who had returned to work or studies, been on internships and those who still were sickness absent based on sex, age and education. The amount of self-rated depression and anxiety levels were reduced and the self-rated health and internal control were significant induced over time for the group who returned to work after the project compared to the other two groups. From the qualitative analyze of the interviews following theme was identified as supporting factors for returning to work: having own motivation, realized the positive in having a job and to have balance between demand-control-support. The theme that describes how the authority can help and support people with long term sickness absence back to work is: security with more competence in healthcare and make individual needs visible. Conclusion: Return to work for a former long term sickness absence is associated with better self-rated health with less depression and anxiety, a stronger feeling of internal control and a higher self-efficacy compared to if persons still were sickness absent. Factors for success in return to work is balance between demand-control-support for the individual and an own motivation to return to work. The authority can facilitate return to work among people with long term sickness absence by interact more with health-care services, offer security and make every individuals need for rehabilitation visible.


The present invention relates to a circuit in at least one chemical energy self-sufficient method for producing synthesis gas. The circuit comprises at least three different chemical oxidation and reduction reactions and gasification zone: a supply of at least one air oxidation reaction zone R1, referred to as "air" reactor 2 after the reduction, the metal oxide in R1. oxidation reaction, reduction reaction of the at least one combustion zone R2, referred to as "fuel" reactor, in the presence of oxygen in the metal oxide occurs in the combustion reaction feed R2, 3. at least a gasification reaction zone R3, referred to "gasification" reactor for gasification of solid and / or liquid feed to produce a synthesis gas, said gasifier by the catalytic reduction of metal oxides at least partially from R2.


Substitution of fossil feedstock for energy and raw materials by biomass is important measure for GHG emission mitigation. Development of energy crop production and agricultural residue utilisation for energy are important goals of the rural policy. As chemical fertiliser production and usage corresponds to the consumption of oil fuel, biomass usage directly for energy production or as fertiliser are activities with equal importance. The main rural resources for biomass eco-technologies in Latvia are cereal straw residues, energy crops, emergent vegetation and peat from wetlands and sediments from lakes. Wide range of biomass properties cause necessity of appropriate mechanization equipment for biomass conditioning accordingly collection, conversion and usage technologies. The ecosystem approach means taking into account the interrelationships among land, air water and all living organisms including humans for mechanization equipment design of biomass technologies. Complex mechanisation of biomass technologies is based on implementation of ecosystem approach and investigation of properties of biomass in conditioning processes. For solid biofuel production densification properties of chopped stalk materials with different additives (peat, rapeseed cake) had been determined.


Purpose

The purpose of the paper is to analyze the low status of women as being a major contributor for the observed gender inequality in the spread of HIV/AIDS in India.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper uses data from National Aids Control Organization (NACO), National Family Health Survey (NFHS 3), and the Directorate of Economics and Statistics.

Findings

This study highlights the problems facing women in deterring the spread of HIV/AIDS in India. The status and empowerment of women are important variables in combating the disease among both men and women in India. Literacy, education, exposure to the media, labor market participation, awareness of HIV/AIDS, and economic independence are important considerations in improving the status of women in India. Policymakers need to focus on gender inequality in order to combat the spread of HIV/AIDS in India.

Originality/value

While absolute figures indicate men are more likely to be infected with HIV/AIDS, the rate of decline is higher for men compared to women in India. We explore several plausible explanations for such observed inequality in the spread of HIV/AIDS across gender. In particular, a potentially important factor - the low status of women in society is attributable as an impediment to the spread of the disease. A case study of the relationship between gender empowerment and the spread of HIV/AIDS in the state with the highest concentration, Manipur, provides more insight to the difficulties faced by women in combating HIV/AIDS in India.


Received 27 November 2015 Accepted 11 January 2016 Published online 30 May 2018 Academic Editor: Ivan Gutman For an arbitrary graph G, the irregularity and total irregularity of G are defined as irr(G) = ∑ |d (u)− d (v)| ∈ ( ) and irr (G) = 1/2∑ |d (u) − d (v)| , ∈ ( ) , respectively, where d (u) is the degree of vertex u. In this paper, we characterize all connected Eulerian graphs with the second minimum irregularity, the second and third minimum total irregularity, respectively.


Neutrophils are typically considered short-lived and terminally differentiated. However, recent studies have identified a poorly understood neutrophil subset that can differentiate into dendritic cells and become long-lasting "hybrids" of neutrophils and dendritic cells. These neutrophil-dendritic cells (PMN-DCs) maintain the functions of canonical neutrophils while gaining antigen-presenting properties of dendritic cells, enabling them to contribute to both innate and adaptive immunity. Although PMN-DCs have been characterized in various inflammatory conditions, the cues that drive their development are not fully understood. Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has previously been implicated as an important signal for PMN-DC development in studies of murine and human neutrophils. In vivo neutralization suggests that GM-CSF is sufficient but not necessary to drive PMN-DC differentiation. To determine the requirement of GM-CSF we have deleted GM-CSF receptor using CRISPR editing of a murine neutrophil progenitor cell line. We have tested other implicated cytokines in vitro, including IL-3, IL-4, TNF-α and IFN-γ, however these signals alone do not induce differentiation of PMN-DCs but can augment or blunt PMN-DC differentiation. Previous work shows that PMN-DCs are potent effectors of antifungal immunity through both direct killing and antigen presentation; understanding of the developmental signals that drive PMN-DC differentiation is essential for any future therapies targeting PMN-DCs.


Understanding magnetic phase transitions from stripe to skyrmion textures provide fundamental scientific insights into the details of the intermediate topologies through which the system evolves. The solitonic nature of spin texture in both stripe and skyrmion phases has been observed in materials with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. Here we show that the field evolution in a dipolar interaction mediated Fe/Gd multilayer that exhibits achiral stripe textures behaves similar to a finite-sized chiral soliton lattice. As a function of magnetic field, the stripes exhibit discrete jumps in periodicity indicative of intermediate topologies as the stripes get wound into skyrmions.


Current workflow management technology does not provide adequate means for describing and implementing workflow ensembles, i. e., dynamically evolving collections of more or less independent workflows which have to synchronize only now and then. Interaction expressions are proposed as a
simple yet powerful formalism to remedy this shortcoming. Besides operators for sequential composition, iteration, and selection, which are well-known from regular expressions, they provide parallel composition and iteration, conjunction, and several advanced features like parametric
expressions, multipliers, and quantifiers. The paper introduces interaction expressions semi-formally,
gives examples of their typical use, and describes their implementation and integration with state-of-the-art workflow technology. Major design principles, such as orthogonality and implicit and predictive choice, are discussed and compared with several related approaches.


The options on civil procedures are promised as common civil rights in many countries.The theoretical bases of the options on civil rights are principle of safeguadarding the procedural human rights,principle of the procedural body and doctrine of the automony of the parties.As promoting the outside safeguards of the options,we must enlarge the limits of the agreement jurisdiction,add the consensual option between the procedure of first instance and appellate procedure,and the consensual option on jurors and justicer,and so on.


The top-hat spherical collapse model (TSC) is one of the most fundamental analytical frameworks to describe the non-linear growth of cosmic structure. TSC has motivated, and been widely applied in, various researches even in the current era of precision cosmology. While numerous studies exist to examine its validity against numerical simulations in a statistical fashion, there are few analyses to compare the TSC dynamics in an individual object-wise basis, which is what we attempt in the present paper. We extract 100 halos at z = 0 from a cosmological N-body simulation according to the conventional TSC criterion for the spherical over-density. Then we trace back their spherical counter-parts at earlier epochs. Just prior to the turn-around epoch of the halos, their dynamics is well approximated by TSC, but their turn-around epochs are systematically delayed and the virial radii are larger by ~ 20 percent on average relative to the TSC predictions. We find that this systematic deviation is mainly ascribed to the non-uniformity/inhomogeneity of dark matter density profiles and the non-zero velocity dispersions, both of which are neglected in TSC. In particular, the inside-out-collapse and shell-crossing of dark matter halos play an important role in generating the significant velocity dispersion. The implications of the present result are briefly discussed.


A comprehensive approach to minimizing the long-term costs of financial crises must include efforts to train regulators to respond effectively to crisis dynamics when they arise. An important gap exists, however, in our current approach: a uniquely effective building block for developing crisis-fighting skills is relevant experience, but the infrequency of crises translates to a dearth of opportunities for regulators to attain the necessary experience and develop the pertinent skills. This Article proposes to fill this gap by employing role-playing crisis simulations – or wargames – to create synthetic crisis-fighting experiences. Wargames can provide regulators with a repertoire of crisis experiences that they will have "lived," in a real if attenuated way, which can then aid them in perceiving key patterns and anomalies and in anticipating potential consequences of decisions to intervene (or not) under the intense time pressure and stress of an actual crisis.


Objective To investigate the operation modes and comprehensive treatment of bilateral differentiated thyroid carcinoma.Methods The clinical data of 15 patients of differentiated thyroid carcinoma were reviewed retrospectively.Apart from total thyroidectomy in all the cases,9 cases underwent bilateral modified radical neck dissection and 6 cases underwent unilateral modified radical neck dissection simultaneously and 3 cases underwent second-stage contralateral modified radical neck dissection.All the patients were administered postoperative radioiodine 131Ⅰ therapy for 2-7 times.Results Postoperative follow-up of 2 to 5 years showed that there was no recurrence or metastasis in 13 patients,1 case was found to have lung metastasis and 1 case had neck recurrence and lung metastasis.Conclusion Total thyroidectomy plus modified radical neck dissection in lymphatic metastasis in combination with postoperative radioiodine 131Ⅰ therapy proves to be a practicable method in the treatment of bilateral differentiated thyroid carcinoma.


The Mobil Oil Company introduced the first retail gift card that recorded value on a magnetic strip in 1995. In under a decade, such gift cards replaced apparel as the number one item sold during the Christmas season. This study will discuss the reasons for the strong surge in the gift card market. It will then consider the value of gift cards as an intermediate option between two alternatives: purchasing a physical gift, which could possibly be returned or exchanged, versus giving cash. Empirical data on the resale price of gift cards from an Internet auction website provide information on the value that recipients place on gift cards suggesting that the difference between the cost of a gift card to the giver and its value to the recipient is substantial, although perhaps not quite as large as the parallel gap involved in physical gifts.


For the simple problem of an electric current filament close to a perfectly conducting infinite plane, the method of auxiliary sources (MAS) yields numerical solutions that are systematically deviating from the exact one beyond a certain horizontal distance (i.e., outside the region demarcated by the finite set of auxiliary sources). In this article, in order to shed light on the edge-effect nature of the aforementioned discrepancy, also arising in more complex problems, this issue is investigated both numerically and asymptotically through an infinite version of MAS, which assumes an infinite number of auxiliary sources. The analysis is followed by discussions on the uniqueness of the exact solution and the adequacy/suitability of certain error metrics as quality and reliability indicators of MAS results.


The invention discloses fine grinding fluid for a sapphire substrate and a preparation method thereof; the fine grinding fluid comprises diamond powder, water and a suspending liquid, wherein the weight ratio of the diamond powder to the water to the suspending liquid is 1:10:1; the suspending liquid comprises a dispersing agent, a suspending agent and an antirusting agent, wherein the weight ratio of the dispersing agent to the suspending agent to the antirusting agent is 2:5:1; the dispersing agent is macromolecule organic alcohol; the suspending agent is a macromolecule compound; and the antirusting agent is alkali. Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the obtained fine grinding fluid has good degree of uniformity and is beneficial to grinding so that the roughness of the surface of a machined wafer is greatly improved, turned down edges are reduced, the machining efficiency is greatly increased and the evenness of a wafer is greatly increased.


This article looks closely at how the process of artmaking linked to social critique unfolds in one community-based educational setting in Latin America. Drawing on nine months of ethnographic fieldwork with a community-based popular education organization in the northern desert of Mexico, the article examines the pedagogical uses of poetry, music, and other modalities to disrupt dominant discourses about what it means, in this case, to be "Mexican." At the center of the paper is an analysis of the "espina y jugo" (thorn and juice) metaphor, which refers to the outside and inside of the desert cactus. I argue that the processes of meaning-making and signification underlying the enactment of this metaphor represent a pedagogy that is oriented toward collective identity-building and social action. The enactment of such collective identities, forged in and through acts of multiliterate and multimodal engagement, can be interpreted as a pedagogy of the "new social movements of grassroots orientation" (Escobar, 1992b, p. 421).


This paper deals with a design of a nonlinear filter using a pseudo‐formal linearization method based on Chebyshev expansion with constant filter gains. The given nonlinear dynamic and measurement equations are piecewisely linearized by a formal linearization method using Chebyshev expansion, therefore the steady‐state Kalman filter can be applied for each linearized system. Then the resulting filters are smoothly united into a single nonlinear filter by an automatic choosing function. We demonstrate the proposed method in nonlinear systems to verify the effectiveness. © 2022 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.


The DUMAND II detector will search for astronomical sources of high energy neutrinos. Successful deployment of the basic infrastructure, including the shore cable, the underwater junction box, and an environmental module was accomplished in December, 1993. One optical module string was also deployed and operated, logging data for about 10 hours. The underwater cable was connected to the shore station where we were able to successfully exercise system controls and log further environmental data. After this time, water leaking into the electronics control module for the deployed string disabled the string electrical system. The acquired data are consistent with the expected rate of downgoing muons, and our ability to reconstruct muons was demonstrated. The measured acoustical backgrounds are consistent with expectation, which should allow acoustical detection of nearby PeV particle cascades. The disabled string has been recovered and is undergoing repairs ashore. We have identified the source of the water leak and implemented additional testing and QC procedures to ensure no repetition in our next deployment. We will be ready to deploy three strings and begin continuous data taking in late 1994 or early 1995.


- Assessment of Training and Seminar Project to Increase Administrative Efficiency of Nakaew Municipal District, Ko Kha District, Lampang Province The study titled "Assessment of training and seminar project to increase administrative efficiency of Nakaew Municipal District, Ko Kha District, Lampang Province" had the objectives to assess the training and seminar project to increase administrative efficiency (TSPIAE) of Nakaew Municipal District (NMD) and to recommend guidelines to develop the TSPIAE of NMD, Ko Kha district, Lampang province. The author collected data from the executives, members of NMD council, municipal officers and hired staff totaled 50 persons and assessed the project by using CIPP (CIPP Evaluation Model) consisted of context, input factor, process and output by using an in-depth interview together with a questionnaire to collect quantitative data. Statistics for basic data analysis was percentage and for the analysis of opinion levels were means and standard deviations by using a computer package and contents analysis for interview form. The findings could be concluded as followed : For context or environment: it was found that the project was in accord with the real needs of the trainees and it was necessary to have the training project. The overall picture of the assessment was at a high level. For input factor: it was found that the project was suitable for the venue, materials, equipment and budget; the trainers could teach and transfer knowledge well and chose appropriate training techniques with clear curriculum in accord with the trainees' needs and suitable training period for activities. Overall picture was assessed at a high level. For the process: it was found that the project had arranged steps of contents in the curriculum continuously and well connectedly; each curriculum helped the trainees' learning including developed the trainees to adjust themselves and adapted their thinking process to the present situations and worked well as a team that created harmony in the group. The overall picture was assessed at a high level. For output: it was found that the project encouraged the trainees to have love, harmony and good attitude towards working in their assigned duties and their co-workers. The overall picture was assessed at a high level.


. A new treatment of P. R. Halmos' theory of terms and operations in (locally finite) polyadic algebras (of infinite degree) is given that is considerably simpler than the original one.


The summer of 1990 marked the ending of the long imposing political isolation of the communist regime and marked the shifting from the planned economy onto the free trade, there was allowed the free circulation of the population, the private sector was legalized and the construction activity was rapidly developed mainly to solve the problem of housing. During this period, as a result of a complex political, historical, cultural, social, psychological, economical factors etc, has occurred changes in all aspects in the lifestyle of Gjirokastra region, mainly demographic ones, which affected directly the rural development. The birth rate and immigration, the death rate and emigration, the social, economical, educational, cultural changes etc are the main factors which have influenced in the change of the number of the rural population of the region. The forecast of the population of the region is important for the calculation of the needs in the development of the economy, education, culture, infrastructure, for general estimations, macroeconomic calculations etc. Thus, a decrease of the region's population at an average of 745.2 persons per every year (starting from 2004), will result in 2009 that all the communes will have a population decrease.


Abstract The elastic and thermoelastic constants of α-sulphur are measured by the Schaefer-Bergman method. The magnitude of the elastic constants is slightly higher than in comparable organic molecular crystals. The elastic anisotropy and the anisotropy of thermal expansion obey the Grüneisen relation. The deviations from the Cauchy relations are all negative. This is usually only observed in crystals with covalent binding components or with a highly anharmonic behaviour.


OBJECTIVE To establish a HPLC method for determining the content of promethazine hydrochloride in promethazine hydrochloride syrup.METHODS The determination of promethazine hydrochloride in promethazine hydrochloride syrup was carried on a column of NUCLEODUR100-5C18ec(150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)by HPLC,with the mixture of 0.02 mol·L-1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer solution(2.72 g potassium dihydrogen phosphate was dissolved in 700 mL of water,adjusted to pH=3.0 by H3PO4 and diluted with water to 1 000 mL)-acetonitrile-methanol(60∶17∶23) as the mobile phase;The flow rate was 0.8 mL·min-1;The detection wavelength was 249nm;The column temperature was 30 ℃.RESULTS The linear range of determination by HPLC was 5.445~98.01 μg·mL-1(r=0.999 93).The precision(RSD) was 0.78%(n=6).The average recoveries was 99.88%,99.91%,100.2% with corresponding RSD of 0.31%,0.21%,0.46%,respectively.CONCLUSION The method is accurate and reliable,which is suitable for the determination of the promethazine hydrochloride in promethazine hydrochloride syrup.


The present invention concerns a device (10) for vacuumizing and closing bags (1), comprising a conveyor (11) which ensures a synchronized flow of bags (1). Above the conveyor (11) there are two suction conveyors (16, 17) each having an upper suction band (18, 19) and a lower suction band (20, 21), between which bags (1) are carried by their head portion. In the suction bands (18 to 21) interconnected pockets are made by a vacuumizing device, thereby extending the walls of the upper closing to remove air from the bag. In the extension of the lower suction bands (18, 19), below the upper suction band (20, 21), there is a sealing device (4) for sealing (4) the bag (1) crosswise. Relatively easy to mount, the inventive design (10) has demonstrated great efficiency. (Fig. 3)


Child Maltreatment Assessment and Recidivism: A Study Of Kentucky Child Protective Services Helen K. Mudd May 8,2004 This quantitative dissertation examines risk assessment and recidivism of child maltreatment to determine the relationship between child protective services provided by the Kentucky Department of Protection and Permanency and risk of harm. A chart review of existing data on 3,235 closed Kentucky child protective services cases provides information about the quality of service provided to families, the reduction of risk of maltreatment assessed in the family, and the rate of recidivism following case closure. This dissertation examines the usefulness of the Continuous Quality Assessment tool (CQA) and its effectiveness in assessing risk. The CQA is an assessment tool that is designed to guide child protective workers in making case decisions throughout the life of the case. This dissertation on risk assessment and recurrence of maltreatment adds to the measurable outcomes of effectiveness for child protection services and enhances a public child welfare agency's ability to improve service delivery to families.


Field electron emission from nm-scale objects deviates from the predictions of the classical Murphy-Good theory as the electrostatic potential curves within the tunnelling region. This impels the inclusion of a quadratic term in the potential. At the apex of a tip-like rotationally symmetric surface, this quadratic term is proportional to the (single) local emitter curvature. The present paper generalizes this relation, showing that for any emitter geometry, the coefficient of the quadratic term is given by the mean curvature, i.e. the average of the two principal curvatures.


Excerpt Dysfunction of the central nervous system has been described as one of the more serious complications of infectious hepatitis.1, 2Ordinarily the picture resembles acute alcoholism, hyperins...


This Supplernent of The European J ournal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care reports on a symposium entitled New Developments in Lmgterm Contraception, held at the 16th World Congress o f the International Federatio n of Fertility Societies in San Francisco on 7th O ctober 1998. The focus of the symposium was the new, single-rod etonogestrclrelcasing contraceptive implant, lmplanon®. In this Supplernent, which covers the complete product profile on lmplanon®, Professor Philip Darney reviews the advan tages and disadvantages o f progestogen-only contrace pti ve implants in light of the development of Implanon®. In his revtew of the phannacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies , Professor H erj an Coelingh Bennink co ncludes that lmplan on® has high contraceptive effi cacy, as reflected in a zero pregnancy rate over 5629 woman-years of use . Professor H oracio Croxatto reports o n a 3-year study of the contraceptive effi cacy and tolerability of Implanon® in 635 volunteers, which demonstrates that it is well tolerated and has exce ll ent, reversible, contraceptive efficacy. Finally, Dr Lawrence M ascarenh as reviews the insertion and removal procedures for uslllg I m plan on® and concludes th at the simplicity of tlwsc may have significant impli ca tions for co ntracep ti ve implant train ing program s and user counselling. The ove rall conclusion of thi s symposium was that lmplanon® provides easier insertion and removal for both users and clinicians , a mo re stable release rate and potentially fewer adverse efFects compared with ex isting formulations.


FROM i908 to i909 I lived in Buin, a thickly inhabited country with an area of about 8o to ioo square miles and a population of about 7,000 or 8,ooo, sloping down from the main mountain range in the southern end of Bougainville, the most northwestern of the large islands of the Solomon Archipelago. In 1933-34 I revisited the same district, now part of the Territory of New Guinea, under Australian Mandate. Twenty-five years is a space of time that counts little in the ordinary course of history, but in this particular case it covered the transition of a savage society from almost complete integrity to a growing disintegration of the old order; and the phenomena of change which I was able to observe in this limited area illustrate significantly the whole process of the spread of the white man's Western technique and civilization among subject peoples. When I first landed on the island of Bougainville, in the course of field work on behalf of the Berlin Museum fur Vblkerkunde extending from i906 to i909, a government station had been operating for two years in Kieta, on the east coast of the island, as had a mission station and a trading store. Altogether there were five or six white residents. About the same time a mission had been opened in Buin, about 200 miles farther south, under the direction of two Catholic fathers. On the entire island, about 6oo miles long and 200 to 300 miles wide, there were as yet no plantations. The inhabitants had been only superfcially touched by Western influence. "Boys" had been recruited for new plantations in the central Solomon Islands, and before that even for the Queensland sugar industry; but Australia had stopped the recruiting of colored laborers in i905. In pre-white times, Buin had been raided for slaves by Alu and Mono chiefs.1 The comparatively


This letter presents a novel inverse scattering method for estimating the radar cross section of a target placed in the Fresnel region of the radar antennas. By considering a constant current distribution on the transmitting antenna and a uniform illumination of the target and furthermore of the receiving antenna, the electromagnetic field is averaged over the apertures of the antennas. The hypothesis of a constant current distribution stands for ultrawideband antennas, and a quasi-uniform illumination can be assumed for ranges within the Fresnel region and for the particular case where antenna and target sizes are in the same order as the distance to the target. A calibration procedure for the measurement setup is also proposed. A validation of the method through simulations and measurements in an anechoic chamber and in a real, multipath propagation environment is provided by using two different types of antenna systems.


To review theatre running times of all general anaesthetic cases performed in a single theatre during a set six-week period. We intend to assess the division of theatre time between operative and non-operative tasks and review areas of improvement in our department.

 The data was collected concurrently by a member of the surgical team (AB) at the time of surgery. Date, surgical procedure, and time elapsed from knife-to-skin (KTS) to skin closure were monitored between the hours 08:30–17:00. Results were reviewed and presented graphically using Microsoft Excel. Instances of theatre over-running were identified, and these outliers were reviewed in more detail.

 We identified two main time management issues in our department. The first occurs prior to the first procedure which highlighted significant delays with only one instance of KTS at 08:30 during the period of data collection. The second notable issue is the pattern of delays. There was a trend toward longer delays between cases as the day proceeds.

 Upon review of our data, we were able to identify possible areas of improvement in the time management of our theatre group. These improvements will allow for accurate theatre planning which should be a priority for all stakeholders given the significant waiting lists created by the COVID19 pandemic. There are many peer-reviewed methods of improving the efficiency of departments such as ours. Further work is required to discuss targets for improvement with relevant stakeholders and to implement PDSA cycles to assess the impact of implemented changes in our theatre.


The generalised structural arrangements of various bimolecule such as carbohydrates, proteins etc are based on the rules of ˇ Cech closure operator. In this paper we discuss the relationship between ˇ Cech closure space and structural configuration of proteins.


Data compression can not only provide space efficiency with lower Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) but also enhance I/O performance because of the reduced read/write operations. However, lossless compression algorithms with high compression ratio (e.g. gzip) inevitably incur high CPU resource consumption. Prior studies mainly leveraged general-purpose hardware accelerators such as GPU and FPGA to offload costly (de)compression operations for application workloads. This paper investigates ASIC-accelerated compression in file system to transparently benefit all applications running on it and provide high-performance and cost-efficient data storage. Based on Intel R © QAT ASIC, we propose QZFS that integrates QAT into ZFS file system to achieve efficient gzip (de)compression offloading at the file system layer. A compression service engine is introduced in QZFS to serve as an algorithm selector and implement compressibility-dependent offloading and selective offloading by source data size. More importantly, a QAT offloading module is designed to leverage the vectored I/O model to reconstruct data blocks, making them able to be used by QAT hardware without incurring extra memory copy. The comprehensive evaluation validates that QZFS can achieve up to 5x write throughput improvement for FIO micro-benchmark and more than 6x costefficiency enhancement for genomic data post-processing over the software-implemented alternative.


The scientific legacy of Isaac Newton is remembered mainly for the discovery of infinitesimal calculus, at the same time of Leibniz, and gravitational theory, which explains completely the motion of the planets. After the revolution made by Newton's laws in the knowledge of the universe, the interest of the scientific community was centered mainly on conservative systems, due to the influence of celestial mechanics. However, Newton studied also the motion in resisting media, in which the energy is not constant, and the second book of his famous "Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica," written in 1682, is devoted to this class of problems. After that, nonconservative systems appeared in a wide variety of applications. Some particular cases of these systems are the ordinary second-order differential equations with a nonlinearity depending on the derivative of the solution; in the present century, many authors have focused their interest on this type of equation; see for instance the classical papers [7], [13] and [25]. In the recent paper [2], Canada and Drabek have considered a class of equations where the nonlinearity depends only on the derivative, x′′(t) + f(x′(t)) = p(t), t ∈ [0, T ],


This work presents and evaluates the use of geometric parameters of the environment in the prediction of the electric field in mixed city-river type environments, employing two techniques of Machine Learning (ML) as Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Neuro-Fuzzy System (NFS). For its development, measurements were carried out in Amazon Region, Belém city, in the 521 MHz band. The input parameters for an ANN and NFS are the distance between transmitter and receiver, the distance only over the river, the height of the ground, the radius of the first Fresnel ellipsoid, and the electric field of free space. The ANN is a Multilayer Perceptron Network (MLP) that uses the Levenberg-Marquardt training algorithm and cross-validation method. The NFS is an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) that uses the model Sugeno. The results obtained compared with the classic literature models (ITU-R 1546 and Okumura-Hata) in the city for distances up 20 km and over the river for distances up 5 km. A quantitative analysis is performed between the measured and predicted data through the Standard deviation (SD), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and the Grey Relational Grade, combined with the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (GRG-MAPE). For ANN, the SD is 2.13, the RMSE is 2.11 dB, and the GRG-MAPE is 0.96. Also, for the NFS, the SD is 1.99, the RMSE is 2.06 dB, and the GRG-MAPE is 0.97. It should be noted that the transition zone between the city and the river was characterized by the proposed ANN and NFS in contrast with the classic literature models, which did not demonstrate coherence in the transition zone.


Using recent graphics hardware called GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), we can render high quality photorealistic images in real-time today. When rendering the scene, it is important to take into account how human eyes percept the whole scene. Glare is a phenomenon whereby bright light source cause spreading of light, and this effect is widely used in computer graphics to enhance reality of brightness of the scene. Real-time rendering of glare images is very important for recent computer games and virtual reality environment. Current technology for high quality glare rendering is too slow to be used for interactive applications, and fast rendering technology is limited to generate only blurry glare images. In this paper we introduce new technique for rendering high quality glare images in real-time using the latest technology called vertex texture fetch. The basic idea is to put what we call degenerate polygons on the screen as sensors to detect bright pixels and expand those polygons to form glare polygons where glare images are put. Combined with some performance enhancement techniques, our method can render very high quality glare images as fast as 60fps using modern GPUs.


We aim to evaluate the causal impact of an intervention when time series data on a single treated unit and multiple untreated units are available, in preand posttreatment periods. In their seminal work, Abadie & Gardeazabal (2003) and Abadie et al. (2010) proposed a synthetic control (SC) method as an approach to relax the parallel trend assumption on which difference-in-differences methods typically rely upon. The term "synthetic control" refers to a weighted average of control units built to match the treated unit's pre-treatment outcome trajectory, such that the SC's post-treatment outcome predicts the treated unit's unobserved potential outcome under no treatment. The treatment effect is then estimated as the difference in post-treatment outcomes between the treated unit and the SC. A common practice to estimate the weights is to regress the pre-treatment outcome process of the treated unit on that of control units using ordinary or weighted (constrained) least squares. However, it has been established that these estimators can fail to be consistent under standard time series asymptotic regimes. Furthermore, inferences with synthetic controls are typically performed by placebo test which lacks formal justification. In this paper, we introduce a proximal causal inference framework for the synthetic control approach and formalize identification and inference for both the synthetic control weights and the treatment effect on the treated unit. We further extend the traditional linear interactive fixed effects model to accommodate more general nonlinear models allowing for binary and count outcomes which are currently under-studied in the synthetic control literature. We illustrate our proposed methods with simulation studies and an application to the evaluation of the 1990 German Reunification. K eywords: consistency; inference; panel data; proximal causal inference; synthetic control. 1 ar X iv :2 10 8. 13 93 5v 1 [ st at .M E ] 3 1 A ug 2 02 1


We investigate the possibility to acquire information of nuclear generalized parton distribution (GPD) H by studying the deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) of several nuclear targets at the HERMES group (Hadron–Electron Ring Accelerator Measurement of Spin). Two different models are used and developed to demonstrate the leading asymmetry amplitude ALUsinO for coherent-enriched and incoherent-enriched parts with both statistical and systematic uncertainties estimated. It is found that a clear enhancement of ratio of nuclear asymmetry ALUA,sino to free proton asymmetry ALUH,sino in the coherent-enriched region is expected by both models, and a decrease of the ratio in incoherent-enriched region; both give the information about nuclear modifications. It is also possible to distinguish between those two models even under the limited statistics.


It is been half a century women's progression in professional career has been in a debate. Yet today, only scant percent of women are able to make their way at leadership and decision making positions at higher education institutions across the globe. However, women career in higher education has been of little concern to researchers. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between gender stereotype, work-family conflict, social-cultural beliefs, individual characteristics and organizational support with women's career progression barriers among female staffs in a public university in Malaysia. This quantitative approach research has collected data from 264 female staffs of a public university using questionnaire survey. The study analyzes collected data utilizing Pearson correlation and multiple regression model to identify the relationship and test the hypothesis. The findings of the study reveal that gender stereotype, work-family conflict, and organizational support significantly influence the career progression barriers of female staffs. On the other hand, social-cultural beliefs and individual characteristics found to have an insignificant association, thus it does not affect career progression barriers of women staffs. This finding is believed to be logical in the context of Malaysia since it is a very inclusive and liberal nation. Finally, the study suggests that parental care leaves, childhood lessons and security (both social and physical) could be considered in analyzing in the future study.


This study investigated the concept of Workplace Safety Climate in terms of its key components affecting aspects of work related safety in two human service organisations. In particular, the project investigated whether employee assessments of worker attitudes and behaviours contributed additional explanatory variance to the association with key workrelated stress indicators or whether their assessments of management attitudes and behaviours either wholly or primarily determine this association. A sample of 111 employees working in a large entertainment and hospitality organisation completed normed measures of safety climate, psychosocial safety climate (PSC) and burnout. Results were compared to the same measures completed by 228 Disability Support Workers (DSWs) who provide residential care for people with disabilities in houses in the community. Results showed that for both groups safety climate and PSC were significantly correlated to worker burnout. However, it was found through multiple regressions that worker safety attitudes did not add predictive capacity for burnout above that of management in the large entertainment organisation but did so for DSWs. Findings suggest that the relative influence of safety related attitudes and behaviours of managers and workers may vary depending on the structure of the organisation.


To investigate the influence of the Morin transition on the photoelectrochemical (PEC) activity of hematite, electronic properties in different magnetic phases were studied on the basis of the first-principles calculations within the GGA+U approximation. The results show that the effective electron mass in the (0001) plane changes remarkably due to the spin–flop transition, while the effective electron masses in other Miller planes are not sensitive to the spin orientation around irons. The electronic structure calculations of Sn-doped hematite predict that the improved PEC activities of Sn-doped hematite are proved to arise from a shrinking of the band gap, decreasing of the effective electron mass, and thus enhanced electronic conductivity. More interestingly, the heavier doping of Sn (≥16.7 atom %) in hematite would induce a new level between the valence band maximum (VBM) and Fermi level E_F, which facilitates its PEC activity of visible light water splitting.


The design of silicon chips in every semiconductor industry involves the testing of these chips with other components on the board. The platform developed acts as power on vehicle for the silicon chips. This Printed Circuit Board design that serves as a validation platform is foundational to the semiconductor industry. The manual/repetitive design activities that accompany the development of this board must be minimized to achieve high quality, improve design efficiency, and eliminate human-errors. One of the time consuming tasks in the board design is the Trace Length matching. The paper aims to reduce the length matching time by automating it using SKILL scripts.


: Zero waste is a visual idea of adapting to waste issues in our general public. The thought is being created and actualized in different regions including waste administration and treatment, mining, fabricating and urban advancement. The idea of zero waste was endorsed by strategy creators since it adds to practical generation and utilization, ideal use, reusing and asset recuperation. Squander the board frameworks pros, nonetheless, see and apply distinctive methods. This study plans to comprehend that waste research is various and the zero waste idea is continually advancing through various projects, projects, arrangements and techniques. The aftereffects of this audit demonstrate that in numerous nations the zero waste program is relevant so it can accomplish the objective of zero waste through the mix and advancement of zero waste activities through the national zero waste methodology improvement and the executives strategy. of a strainer air thickness separator. goal of latent preparing plant is to recoup the waste structure material and reuse it by or it in the development of House. This is for the most part planned to limit the landfill load for the expenses of O and M and furthermore the earthbound economy. chiefly and so The squashed is gotten the type of changed into NMC investigates open doors for indicated pellets.


ABSTRACT Youth violence is a public health concern that has devastating consequences for communities and requires a collaborative community response. While public health approaches underscore the importance of collaborative efforts to address public health concerns, violence prevention programs are often siloed and lack a multisectored response that includes the education system, criminal justice system, local government, university, and service providers. This article explores the successes and lessons learned from the emergence of a multisectoral community-based initiative to address youth violence in southeastern North Carolina. The model for this initiative evolved from the Harlem Children's Zone and includes identifying existing resources and coordinating a continuum of support and services to increase availability of after-school, summer enrichment, life-skills, and parenting programs to reduce youth violence. Implications of applying multisectoral community-based interventions are discussed in terms of capacity building, promotion of well-being, and research.


u1 = {Z | there are finitely many sets X1, . . . Xk such that Z = X1 ∩ · · · ∩Xk}. That is, u1 is the set of finite intersections of sets from u0. Note that u0 ⊆ u1, since u0 has the finite intersection property, we have ∅ 6∈ u1, and by definition u1 is closed under finite intersections. Now, define u2 as follows: u′ = {Y | there is a Z ∈ u1 such that Z ⊆ Y } ∗UMD, Philosophy. Webpage: ai.stanford.edu/∼epacuit, Email: email@example.com


Motion capture systems have become a common utility in a wide variety of fields and rely on various underlying principles to estimate the pose of one or multiple mobile objects. The most popular applications for pose estimation systems can be found in the entertainment sector where it is used for computer animation purposes or in sports for performance measurements. These systems present millimeter accuracy but also come with a high cost. We wish to reduce the cost of such a motion capture system while retaining the high accuracy by using an embedded ultrasonic measurement system. The proposed system comprises of one or multiple mobile nodes containing a small microphone array (at least 3 microphones) which receives multiple simultaneously emitted coded and broadband ultrasonic transmissions from at least three fixed transmitters. Using this technique, the complete pose (six degrees-of-freedom) of every mobile sensor can be estimated while retaining the low-cost aspect of the system. Motion capture systems which combine low cost with high accuracy open many new fields of application such as physiotherapy practices.


Currently, the use of emission controls on wood boi lers is limited and has seen incremental forward movement, as compared with the advances used in Europe. The use of advanced boiler designs, as well as, the use of emission control devices such as ESPs and baghouses are commonly deployed in Europe on sm all wood boilers (units 1 million Btus and larger). However, in the United States th use of advanced emission controls devices is rare, and has generally been limited to the use of fabric filters. The lack of progress and market penetration for the development of control strategies can, in part, be attributed to the small market for controls for the se systems, and the fact that, on the basis of a unit's size and annual output most units do no t trigger state permitting thresholds for evaluating and applying LAER (Lowest Achievable Emi ssion Rate) or BACT (Best Available Control Technology, notwithstanding the p otential air quality and public health impacts from these boilers. The following attribut es can influence emissions unit performance:


Learning and memory processes shape the function and structure in the brain. The precise temporal modulation of the synaptic connections in the neuronal network is important to regulate their function. While it is necessary that synapses are plastic in order to enable the acquisition and implementation of new information, the stabilization of synapses is crucial to allow long-term storage and recall of these data. A set of molecules has been described to modify this delicate balance between plastic changes and stabilization. In this study, the role of one of these molecules, namely Nogo-A, in regulating the interplay between plasticity and stability was investigated. Nogo-A has been shown to limit functional and structural recovery after an injury in the adult central nervous system (CNS) and has recently been implicated as a suppressor of activity-dependent synaptic plasticity as well as learning and memory processes. However, the underlying mechanisms of how Nogo-A modulates synaptic function and especially its acute actions on synaptic transmission remained unknown. This work shows via patch clamp electrophysiology that Nogo-A bidirectionally regulates neuronal transmission on a fast time scale. While Nogo-A loss-of-function resulted in an increase in excitatory synaptic transmission within few minutes, inhibitory synaptic transmission was decreased simultaneously. Moreover, quantum dot-based single particle tracking paired with calcium imaging revealed that the lateral diffusion of GABAA receptors at synaptic and extrasynaptic sites as well as the concentration of intracellular calcium in dendrites was simultaneously increased within few minutes of Nogo-A loss-of-function. Furthermore, Nogo-A was found to limit the number and length of dendritic spines of CA3 hippocampal neurons in an activity-dependent manner as demonstrated via live cell imaging. Finally, spatial learning of mice in the Morris water maze and paired immunohistochemistry showed that Nogo-A seems not to control the activity of parvalbumin-positive inhibitory neuron networks to control spatial learning. Taken together, this study reveals a new mechanism by which Nogo-A modulates neuronal transmission on a fast time scale and contributes to the understanding of how Nogo-A stabilizes neuronal circuits, which has its price, it limits plasticity in the mature brain.


Based on the analysis of the constructivist view on knowledge and learning,the present article introduces the instructional design of constructivism.From aspects of instructional task analyzing,objectives establishing,strategy forming and instructional evaluating,the article discusses new ideas of instructional design in constructivism and comments on their advantages and disadvantages.


Indonesia is a Muslim-majority country. Therefore, Islamic values can be found in every aspect of national and state life. The privilege and power that Muslims have as the majority were used to structurally marginalize the minority group. It changes the essence of religious people who worship God into fanaticism that deifies religion. This study aims to explore the mechanism of cultural conflict and violence against the LGBTQ+ community in the online landscape, primarily through the @tabu.id platform after the pandemic hit. This research uses theories of cultural violence from Johan Galtung and cultural hegemony from Antonio Gramsci. This research uses a thematic analysis method from the comment section of @tabu.id posts. From 19 LGBTQ+ themed posts in @tabu.id from March 2020 to November 2021, it was found that some audiences still perceive LGBTQ+ as a deviation, mainly from Indonesian and Islamic values. This leads to the justification of cultural violence towards the LGBTQ+ community and the rejection of acknowledging LGBTQ+ as part of CSE. These findings show the importance of CSE integrated curriculum that included the LGBTQ+ matter to form an inclusive society. Peace study is also seen as the solution to solve the cultural conflict, violence, and hegemony in Indonesia.


In this paper, the thermal management of a battery module with a novel liquid-cooled shell structure is investigated under high charge/discharge rates and thermal runaway conditions. The module consists of 4 × 5 cylindrical batteries embedded in a liquid-cooled aluminum shell with multiple flow channels. The battery module thermal management and the suppression of thermal propagation were experimentally examined. The temperature rise of the battery in the discharging process is significantly greater than that in the charging phase. As the coolant flow speed increases, the maximum temperature of the battery module decreases slightly, while the temperature difference remains at the same level, at the expense of a much-increased pressure drop. With the presented liquid-cooled shell, the suppression of thermal propagation was investigated for both internal and corner battery thermal runaway. It is found that the temperature of the adjacent battery can be maintained at under 70 °C, indicating that the propagation of thermal runaway can be successfully suppressed by heat dissipation through the surrounding liquid flow. In addition, the electrically induced thermal profile along the battery interconnection was identified through thermal imaging. Hot spots were found on the confluence busbars of the batteries in series connection. In order to improve the safety of battery modules, a parallel battery connection in the battery module is recommended, which can reduce the busbar temperature by 4.86 °C, as determined through numerical simulations. Experimental measurements were also conducted to verify the simulation results.


We study ground-state properties of the doubly magic nuclei 4He, 16O, and 40Ca employing the Goldstone expansion and using as input four different high-quality nucleon-nucleon (NN) potentials. The short-range repulsion of these potentials is renormalized by constructing a smooth low-momentum potential V-low-k. This is used directly in a Hartree-Fock approach and corrections up to third order in the Goldstone expansion are evaluated. Comparison of the results shows that they are only slightly dependent on the choice of the NN potential.


The present invention relates to a heat radiation plate leakage detection device which comprises a water pool, a leakage detection nozzle, a high-pressure gas source and a hydraulic rod. The leakage detection nozzle can be driven by the hydraulic rod to move horizontally in the water pool. The high-pressure gas source supplies gas to the leakage detection nozzle through a pipeline. The device can be closely connected to the opening of the end part of a heat radiation plate, thus whether the heat radiation plate has a leakage point can be detected through supplying gas into the heat radiation plate, and the leakage detection efficiency is improved.


CONSTANCE T. FISCHER, Ph.D. ALFONSO A. RIZZO, Ph.D. Duquesne University Special education, like all of its behavioral-science relatives, is approaching a turning point. Initially its foundations in the physicalistic sciences enhanced its establishment as a specialized area with its own tools, language, constructs, controversies, clientele, and accomplishments. But now this same commitment to being scientific primarily in the quantitative, objectivistic tradition of nineteenth century physical sciences has carried special education to a point of limited and sometimes distressing returns. Although the resultant calls for methodological correctives have been notably ineffective for want of a new foundation, they generally advocate being less mechanistic and simplistic.


Everyone who has an eye and a ear for the happenings in the frontiers of science knows that two major discoveries have been made in the last few years ---the discovery of the Higgs Boson 1n 2012 and of Gravitational Waves in 2015. In both these there has been global participation from different countries of the world.

Each one of the experiments has cost the world tens of billion dollars. The production of Gravitational Waves was a consequence of Einstein's General Theory of Relativity proposed in 1915 and the Higgs Boson prediction was a consequence of Quantum Field theory.

Apart from these, there are still many subtle issues concerning both these theories that need clarification through further experimentation. Also many projected discoveries in particle physics are awaiting discovery--super symmetric partners of known particles, Proton decay Axions, WIMPS etc. Astronomy has thrown in many surprises, Dark Matter, Dark Energy, whose identity has to be determined the magnetic spectrograph on space station has given new results on primar cosmic rays that contradict ground based and balloon based experimental results of earlier years.

To resolve these issues,, mega buck international collaborative ventures are in various stages of undertaking. In this talk an attempt will be made to focus on the scientific importance of these projects and outline the technical details and implementation efforts in different countries.


NHS Blood and Transplant Cambridge, Department of Haematology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, Department of Haematology, Royal Devon & Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, Serious Hazards of Transfusion Office, Manchester Blood Centre, Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Department of Paediatric Immunology, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, Department of Clinical Immunology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, NHS Blood and Transplant, London, Department of Haematology, Imperial College London, and Department of Clinical Nephrology and Transplantation, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK


The antibacterial activity of the infusion and decoction of leaves of Prosopis alba Griseb. prepared as indicated by the Farmacopea Argentina VIth Edition was evaluated against the following bacterial strains: the Gram (+) strains Staphylococcus aureus ATCC (29213), Enterococcus faecalis (IEV208) and Enterococcus faecium (IEV229); the Gram (-) strains Escherichia coli (301), Proteus mirabilis (304), Pseudomonas aeruginosa(305) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (310). In addition it was used two phytopathogenic strains: Pseudomonas corrugata and Agrobacterium tumefasciens. The antibacterial activity was determined using the macrodilution in solid culture method in accordance with the specifications of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). The results show that the infusion of the leaves of Prosopis alba does not inhibit the development of the strains under study though it does lower their growth significantly up to a concentration of 316 μg ME/ml while the decoction inhibits the development of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (305), Klebsiella pneumoniae (310) and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC (29213) at 1,087.5 μg of the extract measured in (ME)/ml. The ethanolic extract (tincture) inhibits the development of the strains Pseudomonas aeruginosa (305), Pseudomonas corrugata and Agrobacterium tumefasciens at 1,049 μg ME/ml and diminishes remarkably the growth of all strain up to 131 μg ME/ ml. These results suggest that further studies would be advantageous to establish the ability of these extracts for providing potential sources of new chemical structures aimed at treating, either alone or in association with antibiotics commonly prescribed, the diseases caused by the bacteria tested in this paper.


The invention relates to the construction, it can be used for mounting the stairs to communicate the interior of different levels, as well as the external stairs and holiday cottage buildings. The utility model aims to provide a support unit for a stair step design, which will enable the selection of the ladder step height, the length of the steps to increase the rigidity and reliability of the stairs. The task with achieving said technical result is achieved due to the fact that the periodically repeating element ladder frame in the standard for a comfortable operating embodiment comprises a universal mounting flange unit and a set of gaskets arranged between vertically adjacent blocks. The upper and lower module are made of the same profile as the medium, the difference is the amount of adjustment slots and their location. Known modular staircase according to the application RU 2003123168 made integral and composed of individual modular sections, each of which comprises two cup made of tubes and interconnected by welding with the pipe. One of the cup has a guide in a section of pipe inserted in the glass and is welded to it on its inner side. The guide section is put on the upper and lower contracted with fastening bolt with nut and washer. Thus stairs going up to the desired height, each section which can be deployed at any other angle relative to the ladder section and to receive any configuration. The disadvantages of analog are: - inability to adjust the distance between the stages of the ladder step length therebetween. - rocking stairs due to backlash between the guide pipes and lengths of cups adjacent section - the possibility of skew steps due to misalignment between the guide and the glass with their welding. Known modular support for staircase steps. European Patent N 0674063, E04F 11/35, publ. 09.27.95. Modular support has the form of an elongated hollow body with a flat horizontal surfaces parallel to each other. The modules are connected to form a ladder, which via a set of spacers is adjusted longitudinal dimension of steps and stairs rotation angle. This patent aims to provide quick adjustment modular ladder dimensions within predetermined limits, as well as the solution of the problem simplify the design and the price reduction. However, the stability and strength of this structure depends on the strength of the numerous fasteners, which are assembled and fixing the spatial position. The object of the proposed utility model is to overcome these drawbacks and develop universal minimum set of parts allowing to change the dimensional parameters ladders - stage lifting height and length tread over a wide range without change parts themselves. This takes you increase strength and stability of the ladder. The task with the achievement of this result is achieved through the use of the reference module and the necessary amount of flange gaskets, which are collected in a one-piece frame with bolts. Construction of modules allows to produce modular ladders of different technical solutions: marching straight, marching with zabezhnymi steps, the arc-shaped (spiral). By turning modules necessarily recommend the installation of support poles or brackets. To provide greater rigidity modular ladder constructions, wooden stairs are fixed to each other rails. Modular metal kosour, designed to create a wooden ladders interfloor stages in single-family homes, bungalows, cottages, 2-duplex and auxiliary rooms with low permeability. In the houses of logs or timber assembly of the modular metallic kosoura allowed only after the final shrinkage of the house and the walls. The modules accommodate stairs backlight (optional). module design allows you to position inside the profile of the lamp and the cable end and decorate a plastic cap. This accessory attaches to the ladder even more expensive and beautiful views. The support module is formed as a welded steel rectangular profile closed GOST 30245-2003, with a wall thickness of 4 mm. In the proposed design the tread width adjustment - from 200 mm to 300 mm, due to the adjustment and fastening grooves of the profile. Horizontal slots allow rotation supporting modular sections relative to each other during assembly of spiral staircases. The support module stages as the periodically repeating element ladder frame in the standard for a comfortable operating embodiment comprises a universal mounting flange unit and a set of gaskets arranged between vertically adjacent blocks. The upper and lower module are made of the same profile as the medium, the difference is the amount of adjustment slots and their location. Flange gasket are rectangular plates of 1-5 mm thickness. Gaskets are used to adjust the lift height to the required values. Performing modular structure bearing section without landing clearances between the joined parts eliminates sway ladder and distortions steps. Ladder assembled from such modules due to the free angular rotation of each module may take any configuration. Perfect contact with the supporting module flange gaskets and their lack of deformation in the axial direction, wherein the vertical load acting on the ladder, increases the strength of the entire modular support compared with the analogues which act on the bending moments vertical loads: Ladder mounted with series-connected modular units, does not require additional strengthening and has the strength and resistance to the elements by fastening premises only upper and lower modular units. The proposed module unit for a stair step is a simple and functional constructive structure which reduces manufacturing costs, provides prostate assembly and disassembly space stairs, as well as increased stability of the structure. With proper corrosion protection of metal modular stairs lifetime will be at least 100 years. The utility model is confirmed by the drawings.


A compact wideband circularly polarized (CP) microstrip slot antenna (MSA) with parasitic elements is designed in this letter. The CP MSA comprises a square-loop sequential-phase (SP) feeding configuration, four rotated rectangular patches, and four L-shaped slots embedded in the ground plane. The square-loop SP feeding structure comprises a square loop and an arc-shaped strip, which could provide a 270° phase difference. Four rotated rectangular patches are placed at the edge of the square-loop feeding configuration using a capacitively tightly coupled feeding method to stimulate the CP resonant mode. After selecting these elements and tuning proper dimensions, the broad operating bandwidths of 4.38–5.25 GHz (18%) for |S11| <–10 dB and 4.65–5.31 GHz (13.2%) for AR <3 dB could be realized. Hence, the designed CP MSA has a potential application value in wireless communication.


Project Gutenberg is a collection of about 20,000 freely distributable e-texts, most of which are in the public domain. These selection of texts is very diverse, spans a number of languages, and includes scientific journals, horror novels, and the Declaration of Independence. However, there is no good system of categorizing these texts in the manner one might expect in a library or bookstore. The are two impromptu systems of classification: a series of wiki-based bookshelves contributed by volunteers and a catalog that includes Library of Congress classes for some of the texts, which is presumably albeit not explicitly also contributed by volunteers. Neither of these systems has anywhere near full coverage: the bookshelf system includes on the order of 500 books, and the catalog contains on the order of 3,0004,000 books. Additionally, both of these systems are poorly normalized and poorly defined: the bookshelves include tags such as "Racism", which includes Darwin's Origin of the Species since it is "the basis for many racist theories". Therefore, it would be useful if we could engage a supervised learning algorithm to give a first approximation attempt at categorizing the entire set. This approach would of course be useful for tagging the remaining 80% of Project Gutenberg, and can provide useful techniques for tagging of other electronic documents, especialy long books.


In this paper, a method is presented to model the electromagnetic structure that is smaller than an MRTD cell. As an example, the power‐plane resonance problem in a multilayered PCB is analyzed by using a Haar‐wavelet‐based MRTD. This paper demonstrates the accuracy and efficiency of the MRTD. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 30: 6–9, 2001.


In Reply. —I'd like to thank Drs Balestra and Hug for their additions to the study of physicians' names. My own research turned up seven physicians named Hug and 14 named Kiss. I also found a bunch named Hope (29), Darling (27), Love (137), and Mensch (six). Given the current situation among our public officials, I was reassured that there are no physicians in the United States named Fondle, Feel, Nibble, or Flirt. Concerning Balestra's letter, not only do some physicians shoot from the hip, but others blast patients with shotgun therapy. Although I could not find anyone named Shotgun, there are 148 physicians named Rifleman, Gun, Cannon, and Beretta. I also found a physician named Derringer and was somewhat disappointed to learn that he is not a neonatologist. Finally, considering that there are over 300 physicians in the country named Moody, Huff, Cross, and Fury, I'm glad that none


Temperature-dependent radiative recombination of free excitons involving one or two LO phonons in GaN is investigated in detail. It is found that both phonon sidebands possess asymmetric lineshape and their energy spacings from the zero phonon line strongly deviate from the characteristic energy of LO phonons as the temperature increases. Furthermore, the deviation rates of one and two phonon sidebands are significantly different. Segall-Mahan theory, taking the exciton-photon and exciton-phonon interactions into account, is employed to calculate the sidebands of one or two LO phonons for free excitons in a wide temperature range. Excellent agreement between theory and experiment is achieved by using only one adjustable parameter (effective mass of free excitons). The obtained effective mass indicates that the free excitons in GaN are likely much lighter than estimated by available theoretical studies.


In this era of globalization, adoption of information technology (IT) is one of the critical contributing factors of logistics companies' competitiveness and growth. This chapter investigates the investment in IT by an Indian-based logistics company on the logistics performance. Technologies like RFID, EDI, GPS/GIS, and ERP are chosen for improving processes like tracking and tracing, planning and forecasting, transportation automation, coordination with suppliers and customers, and decision optimization. Simulations are carried out using system dynamics modelling. The model is validated and sensitivity analysis is performed. Scenarios are generated under optimistic and pessimistic conditions.


Autophagy is a conserved, intracellular bulk degradation process that mediates the turnover of organelles and longlived proteins. During autophagy, cytoplasmic components and organelles are sequestered in a double-membrane vesicle (the autophagosome) that fuses with the lysosome, thereby delivering its contents for lysosomal degradation. Deregulated autophagy is implicated in cancer and in some myopathies and neurodegenerative diseases. Now, on page 469, David Rubinsztein and colleagues report that the syntaxin-5 soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) complex is required for autophagy in human cells. SNAREs have pivotal roles in membrane fusion, and autophagy involves several membrane fusion events. Using genetic knockdown, the authors show that the syntaxin-5 SNARE complex regulates the later stages of autophagy. They report that this SNARE complex affects autophagy by regulating ER-to-Golgi transport of lysosomal proteases, which are essential for lysosomal function. Depletion of individual components of the syntaxin-5 SNARE complex results in accumulation of autophagosomes because of lysosomal dysfunction and decreases the degradation of autophagic substrates. Together, these results reveal a new link between the early secretory pathway and the autophagy–lysosomal-degradation pathway. Peering into mucolipidosis type IV Mucolipidosis type IV (MLIV) is an inherited lysosomal storage disease that is characterised by severe neurological and ophthalmologic abnormalities. It is caused by loss-offunction mutations in mucolipin 1 (MCOLN1), a lysosomal ion channel protein that belongs to the transient receptor potential superfamily. But why do mutations in this protein cause MLIV? To find out more about the function of MCOLN1, Rosa Puertollano and colleagues (p. 459) use a yeast two-hybrid screen to identify two lysosome-associated protein transmembrane (LAPTM) family members as new interaction partners of MCOLN1. The authors confirm this interaction by co-immunoprecipitation, and show that MCOLN1 and LAPTMs colocalise at late endosomes and lysosomes. Notably, overexpression of LAPTMs causes lysosome enlargement and defective lysosomal degradation, whereas depletion of endogenous LAPTMs induces the accumulation of concentric multi-lamellar structures and electron-dense inclusions that closely resemble the structures that are seen in the cells of patients with MLIV. Overall, these data suggest that MCOLN1 regulates LAPTMs and that LAPTMs are involved in the regulation of lysosomal function. The identification and development of compounds that modulate LAPTM function might, therefore, provide a treatment for MLIV.


Acute ischemic stroke in the supply of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery is known to be connected with facial weakness, nystagmus, hearing loss, hypalgesia, and ataxia. This is a case of a young man with unilateral deafness caused due to infarction of anterior inferior cerebellar artery. Clinical findings and audiometry showed evidence suggestive of cochlear localization for deafness. MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging) Brain shows involvement of pons with infarct is seen in the right Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) territory. The inclusion of labyrinthine auditory artery suggests sensorineural hearing loss.


The present invention discloses an automobile brake tester roller with a heating function and a method for producing the same. The automobile brake tester roller comprises a roller body coated with a skidding proof coating. The two ends of the roller body are provided with two conductive rings respectively which are insulated from the roller body. Under the skidding proof coating is a heating device; the heating device is electrically connected with the conductive rings. According to the invention, the heating is concentrated and heat does not get lost severely, and therefore the automobile brake tester roller is efficient and energy-saving. The method of producing the roller comprises the steps of making and mounting the conductive rings and of mounting the heating device in the skidding proof coating. The conductive rings can be arranged at an inner side skidding proof coating or at the outer side of the skidding proof coating. The heating device can be wrapped around the inner side skidding proof coating or the roller body, or can be arranged on the inner side skidding proof coating or the roller body in a manner of being parallel to the axial direction. The automobile brake tester roller of the invention is convenient to machine and manufacture and the method is easy to implement, provides reliable performance and enjoys a long service time.


This article approaches the legal protection of the intellectual property law on medicines and cosmetics. It shows that although this protection appears, at first, directed to the interests of the private enterprise, its relevance to the public sphere is confirmed, since it involves directly the public health on the aspect of health acessibility, when this depends on supplier or acquisition. And, similarly, this could reach, at this time indirectly, the public health through internal or external use of products that can affect health, as in the case of drugs and cosmetics.


The physical and chemical characteritics as well as biological activities of three lots of secretory rhGM CSF were detected during pilot fermentation and purification process,which were from stock solution and semi final products.The results showed that all the quality indexes of three lots confirmed with.Chinese Requiremennts for Biologicals(published 2000).It indicates that the manufacture procedure is well disigned and resonable arranged,and the quality of our prepared rhGM CSF has reached to the standazation for international advanced level.


The invention discloses a method and structure for improving the linearity of a grid control transistor, and relates to the technical field of semiconductor devices. Monotonic increase of an area below an upper gate electrode of a channel layer towards the channel concentration along the width direction of the gate electrode is realized in an ion implantation or grooving technology, and the linearity of the grid control transistor is effectively increased. The structure is applied to the grid control transistor, and compared with a feedfoward method and a power backoff method, the circuit structure is simplified, the size is reduced, the output power and efficiency of the grid control transistor are improved, and the method is simple and highly reliable.


We have built a new injection‐locking set‐up which allows the study of low frequency noise in an oscillator. The interaction between a driving 100 MHz signal and a surface acoustic wave delay line oscillator undergoing a nonlinear modulational instability is investigated. Driving amplitude is used to control the synchronization range and therefore the frequency stability of a newly discovered carrier‐envelope resonance process. In the soliton‐locked regime, fundamental and subharmonic steps attached to a Lorentzian shape frequency‐amplitude characteristic are found. They are explained thanks to a driven nonlinear Schrodinger model and the joined synchronization map.