. The banking sector is the most active participant in Ukraine's integration process into the EU among other sectors of the economy, as 45% of banking institutions as of the beginning of 2022 have foreign investors in their equity capital structure. The purpose of the article is to study the European experience in lending to the agricultural sector and its implementation in the domestic banking system. In the present conditions, bank lending is an effective source of long-term financing of the economy around the world and the basis for its recovery from the crisis. Russia's full-scale war against Ukraine has led to a deep crisis that will have far-reaching consequences for the financial sector. However, the banking system successfully resists the challenges of the war. In the process of European integration of the banking system, the cost of credit resources has significantly decreased. Thus, the average interest rates on loans ranged from 20.5% in 2019 to 8.8% in 2021, i.e. there was a significant reduction in the interest rate on loans, which met the requirements of the European integration of the banking system. Instead, in the first half of 2022, the cost of hryvnia loans to business entities grew to 17.9% per annum, the reason for this growth is a significant increase in credit risk due to the full-scale invasion of Russia. The banking system of Ukraine, led by the NBU, is trying to support Ukrainian producers and businesses as a whole. Thus, as of 01.07.2022, the agricultural industry received the largest share of loans, namely 53%, since it is a priority for the Ukrainian economy and guarantees food security to many countries of the world. Due to the limited budget financing of agricultural producers in 2022, bank lending remains one of the main sources of financing for current projects of agricultural enterprises. France and Poland are prominent examples of efficient banking lending programs for the agricultural sector, in particular organic production. The practice of bank lending in the EU countries allows us to make a conclusion about the comprehensive support of agricultural producers from the state and banking institutions, this deserves attention and introduction to the activities of Ukrainian banks. The transformation of European experience in agricultural lending will enable Ukrainian banks to acquire the latest skills in introducing various banking lending programs not only for agricultural producers but also for other economic entities. Attracting European experience into the domestic banking ecosystem will expand the range of banking services for agricultural producers, reduce interest rates on loans, guarantee the availability of credit resources, and provide credit insurance.


Based on the experimental and finite element research on prestressed concrete beams with corrugated steel webs,this paper propose a prediction approach for the flexual capacity and deflection of prestressed concrete beams with corrugates steel webs,which was established using elementary beam theory.This approach can consider relatively accurate contribution of the prestressing tendons.In addition,it improves the strength and deformation prediction approach of the prestressed composite beams with corrugated steel webs.The strength analysis indicates that the prediction approach can provide accurate results of the cracking moment and the yielding moment.In addition,the prediction result of the ultimate moment is conservative because the ultimate stress of the prestressing tendons is conservatively taken as the nominal yielding stress of the tendons.The deformation analysis indicates that the prediction approach can provide accurate results of the cracking deflection and the yielding deflection if the concrete flange in tension of the prestressed composite beam is properly reinforced.The experimental validation confirmed that the proposed strength and deformation prediction approach can be applied in engineering design of the composite beams with corrugated steel webs.


We have failed to fully account for the role the so-called cultural organization RSS has played and is still playing in violent acts. Why does this need arise from time to time? It is primarily…


Abstract Formation and chemical properties of amorphous AgVO 3 , which was prepared by mechanochemical treatment of an Ag 2 O–V 2 O 5 mixture, and crystalline AgVO 3 were studied in relation to AgVO 3 polymorphs. A ball-milled sample of the mixture was assigned as a highly deformed β -AgVO 3 rather than the low density phase α -AgVO 3 . Crystalline α -AgVO 3 and β -AgVO 3 were converted into deformed β -AgVO 3 by ball milling, which produced a clear change. δ -AgVO 3 is resistant to mechanical treatment and its structure was not markedly affected. The dissolved chemical species from the ball-milled sample precipitates to form α -AgVO 3 without a seeding crystal, but other polymorphs deposit if they are present; i.e., β -AgVO 3 and δ -AgVO 3 grow on the seeding crystal.


This paper takes a multi-pronged approach and inquires into the interand intrasectored interactions on wellbeing and measures to make it non-exclusive and equitable. The current real-time instances chiefly from the banking sector are a part of the study to prove the serious repercussions caused by ignoring the complexity of interactions and integrations and treating each factor or variable independently with de-unified knowledge. Consultative participatory institution is presented as an institution that enables interactions of every other variable and factor each reinforcing the other thus avoiding extremities in decision-making and producing unified knowledge in the process. Development and growth with a wellbeing perspective, endogeneity of ethics and non-exclusivity with consultative participatory standpoint is the sine qua non. A criterion for measuring the inclusivity in terms of consultative participation is taken as an indicator of measuring unity of knowledge.


Electronic storage devices are an important part of modern information and communication systems, defining the parameters and possibilities of the whole system. In this paper it is shown the operating principle and parameters of dynamic random-access storage media, working as operative memory in computer systems as well as the flash-memories, wide and successive used as input and output of data and to keep it out of information systems.


This work presents a recommender system that helps travel agents in discovering options for customers, especially those who do not know where to go and what to do. The system analyzes textual messages exchanged between a travel agent and a customer through a private Web chat. Text mining techniques help discover interesting areas in the messages. After that, the system searches a database and retrieves tourist options (like cities and attractions) classified in these interesting areas. The system makes use of a tourism ontology, containing themes and a controlled vocabulary, to identify themes in the textual messages. The system acts as a decision support system, because it does not make recommendations directly to the customer.


This paper presents a new method for quantifying the impact of various siting alternatives on the Load Supplying Capacity (LSC) of a power system. This procedure accounts for the limits imposed by the transmission network on the delivery of power from generation to load. 2 refs.


Implementation of high-quality hemostasis in oral surgery is an urgent problem of modern dentistry, due to the lack of available universal methods and techniques that would help reduce healing time after surgery, qualitatively facilitate the work of oral surgeon, eliminate the need for additional financial costs on medical materials in preparation for the intervention and in the postoperative period. Aim. Based on the analysis of morphometric changes in the oral mucosa, to investigate and study the course of regeneration processes after exposure to high-temperature methods of hemostasis. Materials and methods. The studies were performed on 76 adult outbred rabbits weighing from 2.2 to 4.6 kg due to the similarity of the histological structure of the mucous membrane with the human. Bleeding from the soft tissues of the oral cavity was simulated by incision 0.4-0.6 mm above the transition fold and crossing the branches of the superior labial artery (rr.a.labialis superior). Rabbits were divided into 3 groups: in group No1 performed intra-wound hemostasis using bipolar electrocoagulation (BEC) using the device EHVA 350M / 120B in the coagulation mode, in group No2 using RF-welding by the device EKVZ-300M, in the group 3 used convection-infrared thermosurgical technology (CITT). On days 3, 7, 14 and 21, the animals were removed from the experiment. Tissue samples in the affected area were removed so that the wound canal with a distance of 3 mm to healthy tissues fell within its boundaries, histological examination of the taken material was performed. Results and discussion. In the course of the statistical study, 36 calculations of the U-test of Mann-Whitney were performed. It is established that in all cases there are significant differences in the levels of morphometric parameters. Analysis of the dynamics of the average values of morphometric parameters, which were studied during the experiment, reveals that in rabbits of group No 1 they are all recorded at the highest level. Group No 2 and No 3 had a slight difference in quantitative indicators, but lower were observed in group No2 (HF electric welding). Conclusions. The high reliability of differences in the levels of morphometric parameters between groups of rabbits on each of the days was revealed, as evidenced by the calculated values of the U-test. In 32 cases (88.9% of the total) the level of significance was p≤0.01, in other cases – p≤0.05. The lowest value of the average level of neutrophilic granulocytes and macrophages had rabbits in the group No2 on each of the days, compared with other groups. In rabbits of group No2 giant cells of foreign bodies (GCFB) were not observed in the field of view throughout the experiment, which indicates faster healing of postoperative wounds after the application of RF-electric welding. Ключові слова: слизова оболонка порожнини рота, хірургія порожнини рота, високотемпературні методи гемостазу, електрозварювання, морфометрія.


Loose particles could be cemented by the microbial induced calcite into a bio-sandstone with a certain mechanical strength. This technique could be used to repair the surface defects in the cementitious materials and in the treatment of foundations. In order to determine whether other carbonate minerals induced by microbe have the similar properties as the calcite, loose particles were cemented by microbially induced magnesium carbonate. The samples with bacteria and without bacteria are compared, and it is shown that the microbially induced magnesium carbonate could also have the same cementation function while adopting the same molding process and the injection time. In addition, the microstructure of the microbially induced white precipitate, the bio-sandstone was analyzed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy and. was shown to be the magnesite with the morphology of needles. The mechanical test shows that the microbial induced magnesium carbonate cementation of unconsolidated sand particles in the form of sand column (biosandstone) has a certain compressive strength.


Partial table of contents: The Role of Atmospheric Chemistry in the Assessment of Crop Growth and Productivity (S. Krupa). Nutritional Disharmony in Plants: Soil and Weather Effects on Source--Sink Interactions (R. Oren). Global Changes in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide: The Influence on Terrestrial Vegetation (C. Atkinson). Impacts of Air Pollutants and Elevated Carbon Dioxide on Plants in Wintertime (J. Barnes et al.). Disturbances in Stomatal Behaviour in Plants Exposed to Air Pollution (T. Mansfield & M. Pearson). Biochemical Basis for the Toxicity of Ozone (J. Mudd). Lipid Metabolism and Oxidant Air Pollutants (R. Heath). Physiological and Biochemical Tools in Diagnosis of Forest Decline and Air Pollution Injury to Plants (H. Saxe). Index.


Virgin olive oil is a remarkable product for its sensory and nutritional qualities. But being consumed virgin is more risky concerning the potential presence of contaminants either from process, environment, phytosanitary treatments or mould formation. This paper focuses on different contaminants that should be checked by the olive oil producers: chlorinated solvents, volatile aromatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, toxic metals such as lead and cadmium, organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticide residues, mycotoxins and particularly aflatoxin B 1 and ochratoxin A. For each of these contaminants, information about the available analytical methods and the levels of the contamination already published is given. In order to get reliable and up to date data and to check the conformity of the products regarding the present regulations, the creation of a survey plan on potential contaminants such as pesticide residues, benzo[a]pyrene, lead and ochratoxin A is warmly suggested.


Introduction: Vesicoureteral reux(VUR) is a common underlying abnormality for Urinary tract infection (UTI) in children. Detection of this VUR has been achieved by voiding cystoureterography(VCUG). For evaluation of VUR, renal ultrasonography is shown to be feasible but is not widely accepted. On this background our aim was to assess the value of routine ultrasonography in detecting VUR in children with symptomatic rst UTI. Materials and Method: Prospective observational study was conducted on 102 patients with diagnosed rst documented symptomatic UTI. All children were evaluated with renal ultrasonogram and VCUG. Results: Sensitivity and specicity value of ultrasonography in suggesting vesicoureteral reux were 72.72% and 92.77% respectively. The most accurate results of sensitivity were obtained with high grades reux (88.89%). Conclusions: Ultrasonography is reliable in the exclusion or verication of high grade reux and it has a low sensitivity in low grade vesicoureteral reux.


A new species of ascaridoid nematode, Hysterothylacium gibsoni sp. nov., is described based on specimens collected from the intestine of the slender lizardfish Saurida elongata (Temminck et Schlegel) (Aulopiformes: Synodontidae) in the Yellow Sea, China. The new species differs from its congeners by its small body size (12.8–13.2 mm), the absence of cervical alae, a very short intestinal caecum (representing 8.86–9.52% of oesophageal length) and a long ventricular appendix (intestinal caecum to ventricular appendix ratio 1:15.3–20.0), short spicules (0.38–0.41 mm, representing 2.97–3.11% of body length), the number and arrangement of the caudal papillae (25–28 pairs arranged as follows: 18–22 pairs precloacal, 3 pairs paracloacal, and 3–4 pairs postcloacal). In addition, Hysterothylacium tetrapteri (Bruce et Cannon, 1989) is also redescribed based on the material collected from the striped marlin Kajikia audax (Philippi) (Perciformes: Istiophoridae) in the South China Sea.


Abstract : Results are presented of measurements carried out in a quiet flow water tunnel. Boundary layer characteristics are given for a range in maximum flow velocity between 12 and 22 feet/second, and are in the form of the inner semilogarithmic wall law and the velocity defect law. Variation of the displacement thickness with velocity is also shown. From spectrum level curves it is shown that the intensity level falls at a rate of about 10 db/octave with increasing frequency and for any given frequency, the dependence on flow velocity is about 2 db/foot/second over a wide frequency range. Spectral density data are presented in non-dimensional form which are in agreement with previously reported results at least beyond a certain frequency. Below this frequency, an apparent increase in spectral density with increase in flow velocity indicates the presence of low frequency tunnel vibration. Qualitatively, however, the low frequency results show a tendency for the spectral density values to decrease with decreasing frequency. At the higher frequencies, the results indicate clearly the inability of the finite sized transducer to resolve the small wave-length components of the pressure field. (Author)


Watermelon seeds are by-product of watermelon, rich in fat and proteins and normally discarded. The present research is planned to use watermelon seed flour as protein supplement in formulation of cookies at 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% substitute with wheat flour. The results of the present study indicated that samples of watermelon seed flour added cookies contain more proteins (12.47%), fat (21.75%), ash (1.85%) and fibre (2.36%) as compared to cookies without watermelon seed flour samples, significantly. Addition of watermelon seed flour affects the physical parameters of cooking by decreasing the spread factor. However, panelists for sensory evaluation accept the cookies containing watermelon seed flour at all concentrations in terms of color, crispiness, flavor, texture and overall acceptability. So, watermelon seed flour can be used for preparation of cookies with improved protein, fat, fibre and ash content.


The metamaterial, such as the negative-index material, has both dispersive permittivity and dispersive permeability. By incorporating the dispersive permeability into the nonlinear polarization, one can deal with the problem of nonlinear pulse propagation in metamaterial by using the same way as in ordinary material, or even direct borrowing the existing models for pulse propagation in ordinary materials. By doing so, we obtain a general three-dimensional nonlinear Schröinger equation suitable for few-cycle pulse propagation in metamaterial. This equation clearly demonstrates the role of dispersive permeability in pulse propagation: In the linear propagation aspect, its contribution is buried in the ordinary dispersive terms; while in the nonlinear propagation aspect, the dispersive permeability manifests itself as a nonlinear polarization dispersion, although it is a linear parameter. For Drude dispersive model, the dispersive permeability results in a negative self-steepening effect in the negative index region and negligible higher-order nonlinear dispersion terms. The titled direction of pulse due to the self-steepening effect in negative-index material is opposite to that in ordinary materials.


Background— Nearly all available treatments for pulmonary arterial hypertension have been approved based on change in 6-minute walk distance (&Dgr;6MWD) as a clinically important end point, but its validity as a surrogate end point has never been shown. We aimed to validate the difference in &Dgr;6MWD against the probability of a clinical event in pulmonary arterial hypertension trials. Methods and Results— First, to determine whether &Dgr;6MWD between baseline and 12 weeks mediated the relationship between treatment assignment and development of clinical events, we conducted a pooled analysis of patient-level data from the 10 randomized placebo-controlled trials previously submitted to the US Food and Drug Administration (n=2404 patients). Second, to identify a threshold effect for the &Dgr;6MWD that indicated a statistically significant reduction in clinical events, we conducted a meta-regression among 21 drug/dose-level combinations. &Dgr;6MWD accounted for 22.1% (95% confidence interval, 12.1%– 31.1%) of the treatment effect (P<0.001). The meta-analysis showed an average difference in &Dgr;6MWD of 22.4 m (95% confidence interval, 17.4–27.5 m), favoring active treatment over placebo. Active treatment decreased the probability of a clinical event (summary odds ratio, 0.44; 95% confidence interval, 0.33–0.57). The meta-regression revealed a significant threshold effect of 41.8 m. Conclusions— Our results suggest that &Dgr;6MWD does not explain a large proportion of the treatment effect, has only modest validity as a surrogate end point for clinical events, and may not be a sufficient surrogate end point. Further research is necessary to determine whether the threshold value of 41.8 m is valid for long-term outcomes or whether it differs among trials using background therapy or lacking placebo controls entirely.


Communication plays a vital role in all that a living being does. The use of codes, symbols and technology is a blessing to human beings alone from the almighty. Over the years the generations of the nineteenth and the twentieth century have witnessed great advancements in the field of communication. The steady growth, which has annihilated distance and strengthened relations, proves that man has made a good use of the intelligence which differentiates him from other living beings who also can communicate. Wireless technology has put in the hands of all, a remote control, a mobile phone which are definite blessings. It is expected that the technology is not misused as human race progresses ahead. Figure 1: The Cyclical Process of Communication


Social media is increasingly being used to obtain timely flood information to assist flood disaster management and situational awareness. However, since data in social media are massive, redundant, and unstructured, it is tricky to intuitively and clearly obtain effective information. To automatically obtain clear flood information and deduce flood development processes from social media, the authors of this paper propose an event-based and multi-level modeling approach including a data model and two methods. Through the hierarchical division of events (division into spatial object, phase, and attribute status), the flood information structure (including time, space, topic, emotion, and disaster condition) is defined. We built an entity construction method and a development process deduction method to achieve the automatic transition from cluttered data to orderly flood development processes. Taking the flooding event of the Yangtze and Huai Rivers in 2020 as an example, we successfully obtained true flood information and development process from social media data, which verified the effectiveness of the model and methods. Meanwhile, spatiotemporal pattern mining was carried out by using entities from different levels. The results showed that the flood was from west to east and the damage level was positively correlated with the number of flood-related social media texts, especially emotional texts. In summary, through the model and methods in this paper, clear flood information and dynamic development processes can be quickly and automatically obtained, and the spatiotemporal patterns of flood entities can be examined. It is beneficial to extract timely flood information and public sentiments towards flood events in order to perform better disaster relief and post-disaster management.


1. The Tor Tre Teste Jubilee Church in Rome As the new millennium approached, an ambitious project was initiated in Rome. Under the slogan "50 Chiese per Roma 2000" ("50 churches for Rome 2000"), the Bishop of Rome, with the Italian Conference of Bishops and the Vatican in the background, wanted to build fifty new, "modem" churches in the extensive suburbs of the Eternal City. Within the project there was one spearhead with a specifically assigned, concrete location. One church would be the Jubilee Millennium Church. A triangular plot far out on the eastern edge of the city was chosen as the location for this project, in a neighborhood that was called Tor Tre Teste. As so often happens in Italy, the 50 church project ran aground on great financial and planning obstacles. Ultimately only a fraction of the 50 churches were in fact built. The spearhead of Tor Tre Teste also became a protracted story, with many squabbles, delays, debates, oversights, technical problems, financial holes and overruns, etc. But despite all of this, a church did arise on the site. After a first failed competition in 1993, in 1995 six top international architects were invited to each submit a design. The winner would be selected from these. They were big names from trend-setting architectural firms: Tadao Ando, Gunter Behnisch, Santiago Calatrava, Peter Eisenman, Frank Gehry and Richard Meier,' In the light of the theme of this contribution, it is interesting to see the explicitly public dimension of the church as conceived in the short mission statement of the invitation program of requirements. The Jubilee Year was cited as the impetus; a


The paper presents a study in the field of m-learning with interactive learning content. The approach used is to integrate a system (plug-in), which converts learning activities into EPUB learning content, suitable for usage and tracking on any mobile device, with an existing e-learning environment, full with learning courses. Therefore, a plug-in for exporting learning content from the Learning Management System Moodle into an EPUB interactive book is developed. The plug-in can export the following Moodle resources and activities: labels, files, folders, URLs, pages, books, lessons and tests. The data about students' learning activities is collected through xAPI statements, stored in a Learning Record Store. On the basis of the stored data, various types of reports are generated, which help teachers track students' progress. The software is tested with real users and short statistics are derived from their opinions in six areas (practical applicability; design; accessibility; interactivity, support and feedback; communication and collaboration; understanding).


APRIL 2007 | VOLUME 10 | NUMBER 4 9 The quantum Hall effect (QHE) has been observed in graphene at room temperature by researchers at the University of Manchester in the UK, Columbia University, the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory in Florida, and Radboud University Nijmegen in the Netherlands [Novoselov et al., Science (2007) doi: 10.1126/science.1137201]. The discovery was made independently at the world's highest magnetic field laboratories: the 45 T facility in Florida and Nijmegen's 33 T setup. But, putting competition aside, the researchers made a joint announcement. The QHE is one of the few quantum phenomena manifested at the macroscopic scale. It gives rise to quantized conductivity values for twodimensional systems in high magnetic fields. As with most quantum effects, observation of the QHE has, until now, been limited to cryogenic temperatures. But several factors make it possible at room temperature in graphene. First, graphene exhibits large energy level spacings, so that thermal energy cannot disturb the quantum state prepared. Graphene's extremely high carrier density with only one of the two-dimensional subbands occupied contrasts with typical QHE materials, where the subband occupation reduces the effective energy level gaps. Also, carrier mobility in graphene has an extremely low dependence on temperature. The results show plateaus in the conductivity at quantized values, plateaus that are evident for fields <20 T. With more homogeneous samples, the researchers predict the effect should be observed in the low fields of conventional magnets (<5 T). D. Jason Palmer Quantum Hall effect now a really hot topic


The tantalum arsenide (TaAs) is a topological Weyl semimetal which is a class of materials of gapless with three-dimensional topological structure. In order to develop a comprehensive description of the topological properties of the Weyl semimetal, we use the density functional theory to study several defects of TaAs after H irradiation and report the electronic dispersion curves and the density of states of these defects. We find that various defects have different influences on the topological properties. Interstitial H atom can shift the Fermi level. Both Ta vacancy with a concentration of 1/64 and As vacancy with a concentration of 1/64 destruct a part of the Weyl points. The substitutional H atom on a Ta site could repair only a part of the Weyl points, while H atom on an As site could repair all the Weyl points.


Scale formation in oilfield operations causes lot problems. In the reservoir, it reduces near wellbore permeability, resulting in high skin and lower inflow. In wells it causes flow restriction resulting in higher pressure losses or lower throughput. Moreover, in flow lines and surface facilities, it causes loss of equipment functionality and corrosion. One of HSE concerns of scaling tendencies is the danger associated with Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) arising from sulphate scales deposit. There is therefore utmost need to identify the causes of scale formation in oilfield systems and proffer prudent preventative management. Findings from this study indicated that among others, some factors that lead to scale formation are mixture of incompatible fluids, temperature and pressure changes, pH changes, ionic and strength of the solution among others. Recommended practices to prevent or at least minimize scaling problems include minimizing of pressure and temperature drops, avoidance of mixture of incompatible brine streams, removal of at least one scaling component from the system, pH reduction, choosing a surface that resists scale adhesion, application of physical fields example magnetic or electrostatic, the use of scale inhibitors and proactive application of scale prediction models or soft wares. Keywords : Scale formation, oilfield systems, fluid flow, pH changes, Wellbore permeability


In this paper I attempt to list the body of knowledge and skills which future young engineers will need and how such knowledge and skills can best be transferred to students during the engineering education process. The educational environment should stimulate students and encourage them to develop the capacity for lifelong learning as a preparation for tackling the unknown problems which will occur in future decades. The formation of an engineer should comprise both education and practice. Some of the problems facing higher education today are discussed and some ideas for cross-border harmonization of engineering education are given. Finally, there is a brief comparison of today's current ideas on engineering study programmes and the course that I followed more than 50 years ago.


This paper proposes three hypotheses based on stock market conditions to explain why Taiwanese IPO auctions have lost market share to fixed-price offers: the risk-averse issuer hypothesis, the pricing conflict hypothesis, and the demand inelasticity of stocks hypothesis. The risk-averse issuer hypothesis asserts that the relative risk level of auctions increases as the market becomes more volatile, and so risk-averse issuers will avoid an auction. We find support for this hypothesis. As Taiwanese IPO auctions tend to be placed in a stable market, the long-term stable solution tends to be only a few auctions. The pricing conflict hypothesis posits that Taiwanese IPO auctions sometimes serve as a mechanism to resolve the pricing conflict between issuers and underwriters. We argue that a pricing conflict likely arises when the initial returns of recent IPOs have increased and/or the market returns have remained unchanged or have declined, and not under the case of frequent occurrence, for they are more likely to move in the same directions instead of the opposite. We find some weak support for this hypothesis. The demand inelasticity of stocks hypothesis predicts that large IPOs are more likely to be floated with an IPO auction so as to reduce under-pricing pressure. Small IPOs, however, are the norm for Taiwanese IPOs, leading to fewer IPO auctions. We find strong support for this hypothesis.


17.28" x 11.12" (43.9 cm x 28.2 cm) spiral-bound volume containing 22 leaves, 11 tables and twelve illustrations, which mostly comprise plats detailing potential building and program locations and campus features.


Abstract:The actuating characteristics of NiTi SMAs, including the relation between actuatingforce and temperature, actuating force and power, actuating and the switchover frequency of power,are systematically studied and motion links with the controlled gap are established. The resultsindicate that the dynamic contact stiffness of the motion links can be effectively controlled.


To objectively reflect the delivering quantity of municipal solid waste (MSW) development trend,based on gray prediction,regression and multiple regression backward method,linear and nonlinear optimal combination forecast model for delivering quantity of MSW was established. Based on delivering quantity of MSW in China during 1998~2006,the model accuracy was analyzed through the examples. Results showed that the predicted values and actual results had good uniformity,with the simulation precision of 0.1%. The future trend of delivering quantity of MSW was also forecasted by the method.


Peeters J. A comment on 'Climate change: Social workers' roles and contributions to policy debates and interventions'

In this commenting article, I present several critical remarks about Lena Dominelli's contribution to the issue of climate change and its implications for social work.1 In my view, her article lacks three important considerations. First, I argue that the issue of climate change should be addressed as part of a broader, fundamental challenge: the transition of the growth-based economic system upon which our society is built. Second, within a context of social and ecological injustice, dealing with climate change inevitably requires a dimension of social struggle. Third and lastly, I emphasise social work's role in challenging the social, political and economic structures and processes that bring about climate change.


A large number of …niteness properties of commutative rings have homological characterizations. For example, it is well known that for a ring to be Noetherian –a condition most commonly described by the …nite generation of the ideals of the ring, it is necessary and su¢ cient that arbitrary direct sums of injective modules be injective modules. One might speculate that this is the reason why homological algebra approaches in Noetherian settings yield such deep and beautiful results. The same phenomena can be observed in another large class of rings, the class of coherent rings. Chase (1960) attempted to answer the homological question: for what rings arbitrary direct products of ‡at modules are ‡at modules. The answer is that this holds true precisely when the ring is coherent. Chase provides no less then seven equivalent characterizations of this homological condition. The most well known are the two equivalent …niteness conditions below: A ring R is called a coherent ring if every …nitely generated ideal of R is …nitely presented. Equivalently, R is a coherent ring if and only if for every element a of R and any two …nitely generated ideals I and J of R, the ideals I\J and (0 : a) =fr2 R= ra = 0g are …nitely generated.


The paper presents a controller-observer architecture with decentralized fault tolerance strategy for a networked team of autonomous robots. In the proposed architecture, each robot runs a decentralized observer to estimate the overall system state and a distributed control law for centroid and formation tracking control. The decentralized observer is used to compute a set of residuals in charge of detecting and isolating actuator faults affecting the other robots, even if not directly connected. The fault detection strategy is designed so as to distinguish between actuator faults and activation of local reactive controls e.g., to manage the presence of obstacles. The strategy is validated via numerical simulations.


This article discusses about methods of construction of the ventilated facades. The ventilated facade is not only the element of facing, it is the supporting structure. Their main objective - creation of air ventilating space between a facade and an external wall of the building. Moving of air in this gap protects a heater from destruction, interfering with a moisture congestion. In addition, the ventilated facade protect the building from aggressive influence of external environment, have a sound and thermal insulation properties. There are several problems of systems of the ventilated facades connected with an application of a heater. For more effective using it is necessary to minimize contact of a heater with environment.


Abstract A convenient and efficient synthesis of 1,2-azido alcohols has been achieved by regioselective ring opening of epoxides using NaN 3 and 4 A molecular sieves in acetonitrile. The utility of this method has been demonstrated by achieving a short synthesis of (−)-cytoxazone in 48% overall yield.


The changes in muscle composition which occur in disturbances of extracellular electrolyte composition were systematically described by Darrow, et al.8"' and confirmed by others.7"8 However, the mechanism responsible for these changes has not been satisfactorily elucidated. It is the purpose of this paper to describe briefly the composition of muscle in the major disturbances of acid-base balance and to present a general theory of the mechanism of electrolyte transfer between cell and extracellular fluid which could account for these findings. It is important to note that relatively little of the data to be discussed subsequently was obtained by the authors and their contribution is simply the interpretation of these data. Muscle electrolyte composition is usually expressed in terms of the fatfree solids (FFS) rather than as concentration per liter of intracellular or extracellular fluid. Since the quantity of muscle solid per kilogram of animal is relatively constant and not affected by changes in extracellular volume, analysis of muscle expressed in these terms permits valid comparison of data obtained in various disturbances. The results of acute experiments are not given since time must elapse before marked alterations in muscle composition occur. The analyses presented are those of skeletal muscle of rats only. Analysis of human muscle obtained by biopsy suggests that changes in cell composition in man are similar.'6 Metabolic alkalosis of the extracellular fluid produced either by administration of sodium bicarbonate or loss of chloride in excess of sodium leads to characteristic changes in muscle composition (Table 1).7,8 The potassium content is low, averaging 38mM/100g.FFS and the intracellular sodium content is elevated, 7.7mM/lOOg.FFS. In addition, there is probably a rise in the concentration of undetermined anion (possibly lactate) in the serum as calculated from the difference between the concentrations of sodium and the sum of the concentrations of chloride and bicarbonate even when the quantity of undetermined anion is corrected for the change in base binding capacity of blood proteins with change in pH. Metabolic acidosis of the extracellular fluid produced either by administration of HCI or NH4C1 or loss of sodium in excess of chloride leads to


One purpose of this study was to determine the functional relation between background event rate and performance efficiency for two types of vigilance tasks (simultaneous and successive discrimination tasks) which differ in the extent of information processing load imposed on the human operator. A second purpose was to compare preditions from two theories of vigilance concerning the consequences of introducing structural dissimilarity (heterogeneity) between critical signals and neutral events – Jerison's (1970) elicited observing rate hypothesis and Posner's (1978) pathway inhibition model. Signal detections generally declined with increments in event rate. However, the degrading effects of such increments emerged at a slower rate of stimulus repetition (12 to 24 events/min) for the successive than for the simultaneous (24 to 48 events/min) task. Signal detections also declined significantly over time. Consistent with Jerison's model, neither the effects of time or event rate were influenced by stimulus heterogeneity.


We report nickel oxide encapsulated nitrogen-rich carbon hollow spheres with multiporosity, where micropores increase the number of active sites to store redox ions and mesopores enhance the ionic diffusivity of encapsulated nickel oxide, which lead to high capacitance and robust cycle life. Moreover, a high-performance full capacitor showing excellent energy and power densities is realized.


The article presents the results of a study of the workload and income of teachers that are using online educational platforms and marketplaces to find main and additional job. The approach based on the concept of shadow education. The authors find out to what extent the income of teachers depends on the workload and the combination of types of pedagogical activity in educational organization and outside them. The research question is: whether there are statistically significant differences in the cost of an hour of tutoring, platform and traditional pedagogical load, at which conditions the income of teachers equal to comparable occupations and in line with decent work indicators. An analysis of the data of an online sociological survey using linear regression modeling showed that a teacher working only at school, even with excessive workload, will not achieve earnings comparable to the income of the other types of pedagogical activity. The article for the first time reasonably reveals the reasons for the formation — while maintaining a pool of teachers who work only at school — a large group of teachers employed exclusively in the tutoring sector, both independently and on online platforms.


Taking into account that the Gabor transform is the Fourier transform of the multiplication of the transfer function of a system with the Fourier transform of the input signal to the system, was developed and implemented digital and optically a system that achieves optical Gabor transform, if we consider the situation when the spectral transfer function becomes very narrow and applies to images this technique will enable one to overcome the instrumental limitations of the optical system, reaching superresolution.


In this paper, we present a novel transmission scheme, which consists of a hybrid transmission method combining opportunistic transmission and multiuser diversity. The proposed scheme considers a multiuser scenario, where only one of the users transmits based on their channel quality. Specifically, the proposed scheme considers that users transmit only when the fading amplitude is above a threshold and in case of conflict the user with the best channel transmits. For this scheme, exact expressions to evaluate the mean bit error rate (BER) by employing BPSK, QPSK and M-QAM modulations are obtained. The channel model considers the presence of additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and flat slow Rayleigh fading. For better understanding, we firstly consider the presence of two users in the system and later we generalize the results for any number of users. Also, the mean spectral efficiency of the hybrid system is evaluated. Simulation results show that the BER expressions to evaluate the performance of those systems are accurate. The results also show that the hybrid scheme has better performance when compared with the opportunistic transmission or multiuser diversity separately.


Open Out Recovery is being launched as the first stand-along LGBTQ program in Florida to assist individuals in recovery for substance addiction.


DREB proteins are transcription factors belong to t he AP2/ERF (APPETALA2/ Ethylene Responsive Elements Binding Factor) domain containing gene family which mediates abiotic stress responsive cellular signal transduction pathway. DREBs have been broadly categorized into DREB1 and DREB2 proteins based on their responses to abiotic stresses. OsDREB2A has been identified and characterized in rice as t he homolog for DREB2A which interact with cis -acting DRE/CRT (Dehydration responsive element/C-repeat) elements and activate the expression of downstream genes involved in dehydration and salini ty stresses. In this study we identified, cloned an d in-silico characterized the OsDREB2A Indica homolog sequence which exhibits N-terminal sequence variation from japonica sequence while maintaining the basic structural and functional sequence similarity, which is necessary for the activity of the protein. Structure prediction and a nalysis was performed to determine the structural a nd functional features of the OsDREB2A Indica gene. Multiple sequence analysis of twenty DREB2A like complete cDNA


In this paper, we analysed the damage ratio in water distribution, gas and telecommunication pipelines buried normal and parallel to the fault direction using GIS database. We attempt to simulate strong ground motions in these two directions at near-field considering the S-wave radiation pattern. We have also analysed and compared the buried pipes behaviour located normal or parallel to the fault direction in the ground with horizontal or inclined bedrock, using a three-dimensional finite element approach. Both statistical and analytical results show that response and damage ratio of the pipes buried normal to the fault direction are larger than those in parallel direction. It is also shown that the effect of seismic directivity at near field is large, while at far field, the effect due to inclination of the bedrock on the ratio of pipe damage in these two directions is predominant.


SUMMARY The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of additional consumption of immuneglobulins associated with high quality colostrum in health and performance of dairy calves. After birth, 80 females were randomly assigned to two treatments: MC) high quality colostrum, supplied in a volume corresponding to 15% of birth weight; and MC+S) high quality colostrum (15% of birth weight) + colostrum supplement. Blood parameters were not affected by the additional supply of immune globulins (Ig) by colostrum supplement feeding. The concentrate and total dry matter intakes were not affected by the administration of colostrum supplementation. The additional intake of Ig through the colostrum supplement did not affect the performance or feed efficiency of calves; however, animals doubled their birth weight at the end of the period, as occurred with MC fed calves. Regarding the health, additional supply of Ig did not affect the number of days with diarrhea, days with fever or medicated days. The additional intake of Ig via colostrum supplement in combination with high quality maternal colostrum have not improved immunity or affected the performance and health of dairy calves.


Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an acute respiratory infection, is largely associated with dysregulation and impairment of the immune system. This study investigated how the immune system changes were related to disease severity in COVID-19 patients. The frequencies of different immune cells and levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in whole blood of participants were determined by flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The values of other inflammatory agents were also studied. In the late recovery stage, unlike CD56high CD16+/− NK cells and monocytes, CD56low CD16+ NK cell numbers were increased (P < 0.0001–0.05). Th1, Th2, and Th17 cell percentages were significantly lower in patients than healthy control (P < 0.0001–0.05), while their frequencies were increased following disease recovery (P < 0.0001–0.05). The numbers of Tregs, activated CD4+ T cells, and exhausted CD8+ T cells were significantly decreased during a recovery (P < 0.0001–0.05). No significant change was observed in exhausted CD4+ T cell number during a recovery (P > 0.05). B cell showed an increased percentage in patients compared to healthy subjects (P < 0.0001–0.05), whereas its number was reduced following recovery (P < 0.0001–0.05). IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 levels were significantly decreased in the late recovery stage (P < 0.0001–0.05). However, TGF-β1 level was not significantly changed during the recovery (P > 0.05). Lymphocyte numbers in patients were significantly decreased (P < 0.001), unlike ESR value (P < 0.001). Lymphocyte number was negatively correlated to ESR value and Th2 number (P < 0.05), while its association with monocyte was significantly positive at the first day of recovery (P < 0.05). The immune system changes during the disease recovery to improve and regulate immune responses and thereby may associate with the reduction in disease severity.


In this short note, completing a sequence of studies by Cooperstein, Kasikova and Shult, we consider the k-Grassmannians of a number of polar geometries of finite rank n. We classify those subspaces that are isomorphic to the j-Grassmannian of a projective m-space. In almost all cases, these are parabolic, that is, they are the residues of a flag of the polar geometry. Exceptions only occur when the subspace is isomorphic to the Grassmannian of 2-spaces in a projective m-space and we describe these in some detail. This Witt-type result implies that automorphisms of the Grassmannian are almost always induced by automorphisms of the underlying polar space.


Background: Endoscopic mucosal resection is widely used for treating rectal carcinoid tumors. However, histopathology has revealed that submucosal invasion leads to incomplete resection. Endoscopic submucosal dissection, which enables en bloc resection regardless of tumor size, has recently been reported to be useful in treating rectal carcinoid tumors; however, it is not widely used as standard treatment because of technical demands. We use endoscopic mucosal resection after circumferential mucosal incision, which is performed after mucosal resection around the lesion to treat rectal carcinoid tumors. To our knowledge, this is the first report of endoscopic mucosal resection after circumferential mucosal incision for colorectal carcinoid tumors. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of this method. Design: Single-center retrospective clinical trial. Setting: Shiga University of Medical Science. Patients: We retrospectively studied 6 patients with rectal carcinoid tumors ≤ 10 mm treated by endoscopic mucosal resection after circumferential mucosal incision, between August 2010 and December 2012 at Shiga University of Medical Science. Interventions: Endoscopic mucosal resection after circumferential mucosal incision. Main outcome measures: En bloc resection rate, procedure time, complications. Results: The mean tumor size was 6.8 ± 1.8 mm (range 4-9 mm). The mean procedure time was 19.7 ± 5.1 min (range, 12-26 min). The en bloc and complete resection rates were 100% (6/6) and 50% (3/6), respectively. All tumor depths were contained in the submucosa, and clear resection margins were pathologically confirmed in all 6 patients. Three patients with lymphovascular involvement required additional radical surgical therapy. There were no complications or distant/local recurrence during the follow-up period (median, 4 months; range 4-26 months). Limitations: This study was limited by its retrospective nature. Conclusions: Endoscopic mucosal resection after circumferential mucosal incision was effective for treating ≤ 10-mm-diameter rectal carcinoid tumors.


This paper presents an application of a computational aeroacoustics approach to the computation of sound propagation in a hard-wall duct and the associated radiation field including non-uniform mean flow effects. The linearized Euler equations are the base of the mathematical model. The dispersionrelation-preserving finite difference scheme is employed for space discretization whereas the low-dissipation and lowdispersion Runge-Kutta scheme is applied for time stepping. Appropriate non-reflecting far-field boundary conditions are prescribed at the inflow and outflow regions. Numerical results are given for sound wave propagaton in a transonic and supersonic nozzle. The sound wave propagation and radiation through a generic axisymmetric duct inlet is simulated with an input mean flow field calculated by a CFD code. Introduction High intensity acoustic waves are generated by compressors/fans inside an aero-engine and propagated out from the inlet and by-pass duct. The accurate prediction of acoustic mode propagaton in ducts and the radiation into the far-field has long been an important subject. Due to the potential to give more accurate and insightful predictions, such as accounting for mean flow, complex geometry and even the aerodynamic and acoustic coupling effects, numerical simulation using Euler or Navier-Stokes equations has gained favor by a lot of researchers in recent years. For example, Ozyoriik and Long[ll] utilized an Euler/Kirchhoff coupling method for the computation of sound radiation from engine inlets. This method has recently been extend to simulate fore and aft sound radiation from an engine geometry [1]. Both the acoustic and mean flow are based on the same governing equations. However, high order schemes designed for unsteady flow calculations are not so efficient for steady flow computations although some accelerating technique can be utilized. *Copyright©2001 by X.D. Li, N. Schonwald and F. Thiele Published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics with Permission, t Associate professor, Department of Jet Propulsion, Member AIAA. * Graduate student, Hermann-Fo'ttinger-Institute for Fluid Mechanics. § Professor, Hermann-Fottinger-Institute for Fluid Mechanics. Stanescu, etc.[12] proposed a spectral method for computation of sound radiation from duct inlets. A bell-mouth duct is designed for investigating the mean flow effects. Both the mean flow field and acoustic field are solved by nonlinear Euler equations. This method was later applied to predict the sound radiation from the ONER A elbow and the JT15D turbofan inlet with no-mean-flow [2]. They suggested to start the acoustic calculation based on a mean flow field provided by another more efficient CFD code or from experiments. Although great advance has been achieved, a large number of validation test cases against analytical and experimental results have to be performed before a CFD or CAA code can be adopted for practical applications. This paper is to study the reliability and accuracy of calculating acoustic field using a linearized computational aeroacoustic (CAA) approach based on a known mean flow from CFD simulation or analytical solution. The 7 points dispersionrelation-preserving (DRP) scheme[14] is utilized for spatial discretization. The low-dissipation and low-dispersion Runge-Kutta scheme (LDDRK) [6] is applied for time integration. This basic CAA code has ever been validated by different benchmark problems chosen from the 1, 2 and 3 CAA workshops [9] [10]. In this paper, two benchmark problems from the third CAA workshop[19 are selected for validating the CAA procedure. One problem is on the propagation of sound waves passing through a transonic nozzle. Another problem is on shock/sound interaction in a supersonic nozzle. Finally a test case for a generic duct inlet is presented. The background mean flow field is calculated by a lower order Navier-Stokes solver. And the acoustic radiation is simulated based on the linearized Euler equations. Validation by Benchmark Problems In order to study the accuracy of the applied numerical schemes, two benchmark problems from the 3rd CAA workshop[16] were chosen for validation. The first problem is described as a ID sound wave propagation passing through a nearly chocked nozzle. The second problem is on a sound wave passing through a normal shock in a supersonic nozzle. (c)2001 American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics or Published with Permission of Author(s) and/or Author(s)' Sponsoring Organization. Governing Equations The governing equations of acoustics for both the problems are conservative quasi-ID linearized Euler equations:


Abstract In multiple-effect distillers (MEDs) with horizontal tube falling film evaporators, difficult-to-control scale is formed on the outside of the tubes, causing considerable capital, operating, and maintenance costs. Because seawater is a multicomponent electrolyte solution, scale formation is primarily caused by coprecipitation of inorganic salts, such as calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, and calcium sulphate, which are insoluble at elevated temperatures. Therefore, solubility data and rate constants obtained under single-salt precipitation are not applicable. The presence of another precipitating salt in the solution affects the precipitation thermodynamics and kinetics, as well as scale structure and strength. Because the scaling process is complex, research primarily has been restricted to single-salt precipitation. A horizontal tube falling film evaporator in pilot-plant scale was used to study scale formation under conditions approximating industrial MEDs at an evaporation temperature of...


Layer, a strip-type screening sheet 1, electrically conductive material is at least one substrate layer (2, 8) and the substrate layer (2, 8) of plastic material that is lined, in particular metal multi for electric lines at least one, and provided with a screening layer (3) of the screening layers (3) spaced apart are repeated at regular intervals (P) in the longitudinal direction to the electrically isolated from the longitudinal direction (Z) of the strip interval (5) of the service do. Line screening sheet


In 24 patients undergoing haemodialysis, two of them with pseudoporphyria, the total erythrocytic protoporphyrin and in four patients separately the zinc protoporphyrin were investigated. 20 patients showed an increase of the erythrocytic protoporphyrin of low to moderate degree, which only partly is to be ascribed to the zinc protoporphyrin. Since, as a rule, there is no iron deficit in haemodialysis, a secondary damage of the ferrochelatase, which physiologically by administration of iron leads to haem (ferroprotoporphyrin), is assumed as cause of the increase of erythrocytic protoporphyrin. Apart from the toxic lesion in particular a deficiency of the ferrochelatase coenzyme pyridoxal phosphate can be taken into consideration. Diagnostic and therapeutic investigations carrying on are proposed. The erythrocytic protoporphyrin does not only contribute to the pseudoporphyria in haemodialysis.


Problems involving interacting spins or qubits are often regarded as computationally intractable. These are frequently considered as only being accessible using quantum computers, which are not yet developed. At the same time, there is a 'chicken and egg' problem: it is difficult to design a quantum computer with no effective means to simulate its behaviour, including inevitable sources of loss and decoherence. In an effort to provide an avenue towards computational means to treat such problems, we have introduced a phase-space representation for qubits and spin models.


Real-time battery state-of-charge (SOC) estimation is critical in many applications. The extended Kalman filter (EKF) has been successfully deployed in SOC estimation allowing real-time SOC monitoring. However, modeling inaccuracies, measurement faults, and wrong initialization can cause the estimation algorithm to diverge. The precise knowledge of statistical information about process and measurements noise is crucial for accurate system modeling and estimation. This paper presents a novel SOC estimation approach based on maximum-likelihood estimation (MLE). The process and measurements models are transformed to an error state propagation system where the innovation covariance is utilized to maximize the likelihood of the multivariate innovation distribution with respect to process and measurement covariances. The MLE formulation allows the estimation of the process and measurement noise covariance magnitudes, which are used to obtain an optimal SOC estimate. The proposed method is validated experimentally using a number of Li-ion battery cells under various testing conditions. The estimation performance is compared with that of the conventional EKF technique as well as previously published results based on autocovariance least-squares measurements noise estimation. The results indicate an enhanced performance for the new algorithm over the traditional EKF across all conducted tests.


This study explored teacher educators' account of how they make meaning of their professional learning. The study aimed to understand how they conceptualize their "professionalism" as English language teacher educators, particularly within the context of Indonesia. The research participants were four English language teacher educators of a pre-service teacher education programme. The data were collected using in-depth interviews. In the interviews, the teacher educators were involved in reflexive accounts of their professional work and lives. The narrative data depict how the sense of "struggle" is an important part of the teacher educators' process of learning. Therefore, in this article, I chose to further explore the notion of "struggle" in living with various discourses of professionalism in English Language Teaching (ELT) as brought up by the teacher educators through their teaching narratives. Their narratives display tensions, paradoxes, transformations, and (re)negotiations of beliefs, values and conceptions of teaching-self within overlapping dimensions of their teaching professional landscapes (historical, social, political, and institutional). Their narratives illustrate how their professional learning is closely related to their process of learning and re-learning their identities and the "struggle for voice" (Britzman, 2003) in interacting with various discourses of professionalism they encounter in their teaching works and lives.


This paper reports a lens-free single-shot fluorescent imaging system based on CMOS image sensors, for monitoring the shape of a single cell in the cluster during culture in parallel. By directly depositing a dielectric multi-layer filter to eliminate excitation light on a CMOS image sensor, the spatial resolution of smaller than 10 μm was achieved, which is small enough to distinguish fluorescent characteristics for single cell level. As one of the typical demonstrations, rat primary neurons and human colon cancer cells stained with Hoechst® 33342 were observed and their individual nuclei were distinguished in the fluorescent image.


Purpose: To present the case of a 27-year-old man with fatal right red eye caused by septic emboli. Methods: Case report Results: A 27-year old man fell down the stairs, and as a result of the fall, lost consciousness and received a right raccoon eye. He was admitted to a medical intensive care unit under suspicion of bacterial meningitis and sepsis. Bilateral restricted eye motions and proptosis of the right raccoon eye with lid laceration were noted. A ophthalmic exam revealed visual acuity was 0.08 OD and 0.5 OS, and the intraocular pressure was 22 mmHg OD and 17 mmHg OS. Hertel exophthalmometry measured 23 mm OD and 20 mm OS. The right pupil showed a poor light reflex with relative afferent pupillary defect. Limited extraocular movement was noted in all gaze directions in both eyes, especially in abduction. The brain angiography showed right cavernous sinus and right superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis and partial left cavernous sinus thrombosis. After high-dose intravenous antibiotics and diabetic control, the clinical condition improved. His left ophthalmic findings resolved, with the abduction deficit being the last symptom to resolve. Conclusions: Septic cavernous sinus thrombosis is rare but is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Septic cavernous sinus thrombosis is an emergency, as it can have devastating complications. It requires an interdisciplinary approach and immediate aggressive therapy, especially the use of antibiotics. One must always be kept in mind that proptosis could be caused by an infectious etiology.


With the data of monthly precipitation of 26 stations in North China and American NCAR/NCEP monthly reanalysis atmosphere variables, by method of Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), we have investigated the variation features of precipitation in North China at interdecadal and interannual time scales, and also its relation with the atmospheric circulations in the Northern Hemisphere. The results show that it's necessary to do time scale separations to precipitation and atmosphere variables, otherwise, the outcomes of SVD reflect only the characteristics of interannual time scale without interdecadal time scale. Corresponding to interdecadal and interannual time scales of precipitation in North China, there exist significant differences in the anomalies of atmospheric circulations. In connection with the remarkable interdecadal shift of precipitation occurring in the late 1970s in North China, all the atmospheric circulations have the same shift as well, together with a propagation process from ground surface to the upper troposphere.


This paper proposed a new method to locate the source of forced oscillation that involves resonance with natural oscillation modes. The new method is based on comparing the oscillation mode shape of the forced oscillation with that of the natural oscillation that the forced oscillation resonates with. The oscillation source is the location that has the largest angle difference between the forced oscillation mode and the natural oscillation mode. Some examples in the actual U.S. EI system verified this approach.


Clusters of Hall thrusters have been proposed as a means of achieving electric propulsion systems capable of operating at very high power levels. To facilitate testing in existing vacuum facilities, initial tests have focused on a cluster of low-power Busek BHT-200-X3 Hall thrusters. A combination of triple Langmuir probes and floating emissive probes is used to study the effects of multi-thruster operation on the electron number density, electron temperature, and plasma potential in the plasma plume. The resultant number density is shown to be a result of linear superposition of the plumes of individual thrusters, while the electron temperature in the cluster plume is measured to be slightly higher than that caused by operation of a single thruster. The plasma potential downstream of the cluster is shown to obey the Boltzmann relation. In the region between the thrusters, the plasma potential increases as a function of downstream distance and may result in reflection of some low-energy charge exchange ions back toward the cluster. A mechanism that may lead to slightly reduced ion beam divergence through focusing of ions directed toward the thruster centerline is discussed.


Foreword to 5th International Conference on Whole Body Vibration Injuries held at Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 5-7 June 2013


The purpose of this paper is to investigate if the instruction using GSP to 4th graders for them to explore 'rectangles and making them' have an influence of understanding and retention of the knowledge, generation of the knowledge which is not dealt with during experimental treatment, and if they can reason based on what they have learned about it and about what has not been learned. According to the result from the data gained, learners in the experiment group show that they can retain, generate, reason better than ones in the comparison group.


A Model for a Regional Teacher Education Consortium The Regional Education Services System (August, 1975) Raymond C. Sullivan, B.S., University of Massachusetts M.Ed. College of Our Lady of the Elms Directed by: Dr. William V. Fanslow


The quick and precise locating of partial discharge is important in eliminating the hidden faults promptly and ensuring the safety and stability of the power system. In this paper, the existing methods of PD (Partial Discharge) locating were analyzed at first, and then a PD locating method based on ultra high frequency (UHF) and ultrasonic array signals in transformer was introduced, which regards the time point of signal detected by the UHF sensor as the time benchmark to calculate the distance between PD source and ultrasonic sensor and orientate the PD source based on the modified Fast Direction of Arrival(FastDOA) algorithm by ultrasonic array signals. This algorithm expands a real sensor array into several virtual arrays of different aperture to enhance the resolution, and averages the spatial spectrum of the virtual arrays to restrain the spurious peaks. Then the orientating based on the modified FastDOA algorithm was simulated with MATLAB. The sensors were developed and the PD locating experimental platform in transformer was built at last, the experiment results of which verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.


CdS nanocrystals embedded in MoO3–CdS core–shell nanospheres have been successfully synthesized by a sonochemistry method at room-temperature and normal pressure without using any templates or surfactants. The unique core–shell nanostructures play a key role which results in a large increase in the photocatalytic activity for hydrogen production and photodegradation. In particular, the rate of MoO3–CdS core–shell photocatalytic hydrogen yield reached 5.25 mmol h−1 g−1 and exhibited a high apparent yield (28.86% at 420 nm) of hydrogen production without noble metal co-catalysts. Moreover, the MoO3–CdS core–shell composites also showed a very high decomposition rate of Rhodamine B (RhB) under the irradiation of visible-light (λ > 400 nm).


Donghai Bridge is a real bridge over sea of problems and complicated construction technique. The advanced hoisting technique and control method of prefabricated box girder over sea including spreader gear design, floating crane improvement and transport barge have been expounded in details. Through the practice, it can be regarded as a reference of similar bridge construction.


Descriptions and theories of a number of different seismographs developed particularly for recording of very long-period seismic waves are presented. These include (1) electromagnetic strain seismograph with galvanometer of 8 minutes period and photographic recording; (2) displacement transducer strain seismometer with resistance-capacitance network and short-period galvanometer photographic recorder or with ink-writing recorder; (3) electromagnetic pendulum seismometer with RC network having transfer characteristic of a long-period galvanometer recorder or a heated stylus visible writer; (4) electromagnetic pendulum with period increased tenfold or more using shunt capacitance; and (5) electromagnetic pendulum with condenser-lengthened period and triple RC integrating network recording with either heated stylus visible writer, ink writer, or short-period galvanometer photographic recorder.


THE soft palate is a muscular plate, which is firmly attached to the posterior edge of the bony palate by means of the anterior part of its aponeurotic structure (Fig. i). The posterior edge of the soft palate takes the shape of an arch. It is free and moves easily. Muscles enter into the palate only from right and left, thus each pair of muscles forms a sling, which opens either in an upward or downward direction. With their concavity directed upwards we encounter, one behind the other, the tensor, the levator and upper constrictor muscle sling. With their concavity directed downwards (Fig. 2) we find the glossopalatine muscle sling in front, and the pharyngopalatine sling behind. The tendon of the tensor turns round the hamulus and upon entering into the anterior third of the substance of the palate, helps to form its aponeurotic part. All other muscles are interlacing in the mass of the soft palate. Their fibres build a network without any raphe and are found to cross the midline (Fig. 3) to become united with the fibres of the opposite side. All muscles in the palate are locked from above by the only longitudinal muscle, the muscle of the uvula. As the individuality of the different bundles of muscle becomes lost in the muscular substance of the palate, it is reasonable to conclude that they are functioning together. The rear part of the palate is the uvula, which in addition to bundles of muscle fibres has plenty of glands in its loose tissue. The functions of the soft palate are : (1) to facilitate the transport of the bolus in swallowing from the oral cavity to the pharynx, (2) to close the nasopharyngeal aperture in swallowing, (3) to ventilate, by opening the eustachian tube, the cavities of the middle ear, (4) to close the nasopharyngeal aperture in speech articulation, and (5) to elevate the larynx preparatory to swallowing and speech. To Ardran and Kemp (1951) is due the credit for demonstrating, by indirect X-ray cinematography, the fluorescent screen image of the process of swallowing contrast media. It begins with the tongue being pressed firmly with its convex surface against the hard palate in a wave of movement, which progresses from front to rear. The bolus is squeezed


Biological membranes are partitioned into functional zones containing specific lipids and proteins, termed membrane microdomains. Their composition and organization remain controversial owing to a paucity of techniques that can visualize lipids in situ without disrupting their native behavior1,2. The yeast eisosome, a membrane compartment scaffolded by the BAR-domain proteins Pil1 and Lsp1, senses and responds to mechanical stress by flattening and releasing sequestered factors3–7. Here, we isolated native eisosomes as helical filaments of Pil1/Lsp1 lattice bound to plasma membrane lipids and solved their structures by helical reconstruction. We observe remarkable organization within the lipid bilayer density from which we could assign headgroups of PI(4,5)P2 and phosphatidylserine bound to Pil1/Lsp1 and a pattern of membrane voids, signatures of sterols, beneath an amphipathic helix. We verified these assignments using in vitro reconstitutions and molecular dynamics simulations. 3D variability analysis of the native eisosomes revealed a dynamic stretching of the Pil1/Lsp1 lattice that affects functionally important lipid sequestration, supporting a mechanism in which membrane stretching liberates lipids otherwise anchored by the Pil1/Lsp1 coat. Our results provide mechanistic insight into how eisosome BAR-domain proteins create a mechanosensitive membrane microdomain and, more globally, resolve long-standing controversies about the architecture and nature of lipid microdomains.


We train the dog on several diverse terrains, progressively building up a database of good and bad points, along with their three characteristic parameters. The quality of a terrain point is determined by measuring the distance that the foot slips. We start by walking the LilttleDog on flat ground. The lower left visual shows the raw data being collected. In the lower right, we demonstrate how, as more data is collected, we are able to progressively generalize to an uncharted terrain.


Advances in technology provide new tools for educators and students to be used in the learning process. Today students need to be skilled computer users and able to deal with different types of media in order to study effectively. However, technical expertise alone is not enough – one must know what to study, where to find information, what to do next etc. Therefore special attention is needed to orientate students to use technology so that they learn to study in a modern learning environment. In this study the focus is on adult students. It is also likely that some adult students may not be familiar with computers and information technology. In addition, they have not been in school for several years and therefore may not be used to studying. Consequently, adult students need advice and help in both using modern technology in studying, and in the studying itself. Here we argue that a meta-learning environment can help students in the learning process. A meta-learning environment is defined as a platform for studying and it should integrate technology and resources so that they empower the learning process. In this article we look at the development of a learning environment using the meta-learning environment approach. The theoretical contribution is in the recognition of key dimensions of the meta-learning environment. They provide a promising framework for developing learning environments in the digital age.


The invention relates to aqueous polyurethane dispersions based on Fettsauredialkanolamiden, a process for their preparation and use as a coating agent.


ABSTRACT This article offers an overview of some definitions of the term'myth', as well as some critical discussion of the problems inherent in these definitions. Its purpose is to examine the difficulties of arriving at a definition acceptable to all the constituencies, academics and otherwise, using the word as part of its professional vocabulary. At the same time, it does not attempt to be comprehensive or definitive.


Recently, IoT devices or smart objects widely utilized in all kinds of fields such as medical, defense, automobile industry etc. Due to its intelligence and popularity, attacker seeks its help to launch malicious attack in high speed at low cost. In this regard, Researchers have turned their interest towards improving the security for the Internet of things devices. In this model, the malware were detected based on their behavior in terms of system calls sequence arise during its execution. The system calls of IoT malware are gathered using Strace tool in Ubuntu. The generated malicious system calls are preprocessed by n-gram techniques to retrieve required features. The extracted system calls were classified into two class i.e normal and malicious sequence using Recurrent neural network(RNN). The efficiency of this deep learning is tested using various performance metrics. The real time IoT malware samples were collected from IOTPOT honeypot which emulates different CPU architecture of IoT devices.


Abstract The role of an educational and child psychologist involves the promotion of mental health and wellbeing. While adolescents who have insomnia are usually referred to Primary Healthcare services, it might be argued that insomnia can be seen as a barometer of psychological wellbeing and should warrant a psychological intervention. A search of PSYCHINFO and Medline revealed that interventions carried out thus far with adolescents who have difficulty initiating and/or maintaining quality sleep include Sleep Hygiene and Sleep Education, Cognitive Behavioural and Multi Component interventions. In this review it will be posited that using multi-modal approaches which are tailored to specific needs may have the most positive outcomes in the treatment of insomnia, by helping adolescents to develop a sense of self-efficacy and emotional regulation in the context of family and peer support. Educational and child psychologists are ideally placed to offer this type of input to adolescents with insomnia.


A Sierpinski fractal antenna is proposed for multiband wireless applications. It consists of three-stage Sierpinski fractal geometry as the radiating element. The proposed antenna has compact dimension of 75×89.5×1.5 mm3. The multiband characteristic for a return loss less than 10 dB is achieved. The model is applied to predict the behavior of fractal antenna when the height of the antenna is changed. The proposed antenna is considered a good candidate for Multiband Wireless applications.


Chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol-iron (CS-PVA-Fe) composite films with acid resistance and large adsorption capacity were prepared by doping trivalent iron, chitosan, and polyvinyl alcohol. The adsorption mechanism of Congo red (CR) on the composite films was investigated by changing the adsorption conditions (temperature, pH, salt) and characterization (isoelectric point, infrared spectroscopy, photoelectric spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy). The results showed that the adsorption capacity of the composite film was 450 mg g–1 at pH 5.0, and the adsorption of CR by high concentration salt had only a slight negative effect. The adsorption was following Langmuir, pseudo-first-order kinetics and pseudo-second-order kinetics model, which showed that the adsorption process was based on the single-layer heterogeneous adsorption, and there were both physical and chemical adsorption processes. Thermodynamic analysis shows that adsorption was spontaneous, endothermic and entropy increasing process. According to the characterization analysis, the adsorption mechanism of CR was mainly hydrogen bonding, ion exchange, and complexation. Also, the desorption of CR-loaded film can be performed using 75% alcohol at pH 12. The results showed that CS-PVA-Fe composite films are promising as a suitable candidate for the efficient removal of CR from solution.


The report about the first flowering of Goldenrain tree (Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm.) in the open ground in the Btanical garden of Saratov State University is made.


Shadow price has important guiding significance for resource allocation.However,in the application we often forget the scope.In this paper,we analyze the relationship between the shadow price and the resources,through the theory and examples to judge the range of resources.All of this is in order to avoid the misuse of the shadow price.


ABSTRACT Introduction: arterial hypertension (AH) and cardiovascular disease were common disease associations with gout. Objective: to study and classify, clinical and laboratorial, AH in gout patients. Patients and Methods: 21 patients with gout and AH were evaluated. Age, sex, disease duration of gout, obesity, tofus, smoking, diabetes, family history of cardiovascular disease, arterial blood pressure (ABP), uric acid, cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides, glucose, BUN, creatinine, EKG, thorax x-ray, and fundoscopic exam (Gans classification) were evaluated. Cardiovascular risk factors (CRF) and target-organ lesions (TOL) were studied. The individual risk of each patient was determined and classifyed as group A: without CRF or TOL; group B: with CRF (diabetes excluded) and without TOL; group C: with TOL and cardiovascular disease and/or diabetes. The statistical analysis was descriptive. Results: mean age of patients was 56.8 years (34 89). Twenty were male and 1 female. Mean disease duration of gout was 10.6 years (224). Nineteen patients had obesity. Nine had tofus. Three patients were smokers. Seven patients had diabetes and seven had family history of cardiovascular disease. The ABP was borderline in 2 (14,2%) patients, discrete AH (stage 1) in one (4.7%), moderate AH (stage 2) in 6 (28.5%), severe AH (stage 3) in 7 (33.3%), and isolate systolic AH in 4 (19%) patients. All patients were in treatment of AH. Mean uric acid was 7.890.6 mg/dl; cholesterol >200 mg/dl in 10 patients; HDL 130 mg/dl in 5; triglycerides >300 mg/dl in 3 patients; increased BUN or creatinine in 7 patients. One (4.7%) patient had one CRF, 9 (42.8%) had 2, 6 (28.5%) had 3, 5 (23.8%) patients had 4 CRF. Four (19%) patients did not have TOL, 10 (47.6%) had one TOL, 6 (28.5%) had 2, and 1 (4.7%) patient had 3 TOL. Nine (42.8%) patients had Gans H0A0, 2 (9.5%) H1A0, 3 (14.2%) H0A1, and 7 (33.3%) patients had H1A1. No patient was classified as group A, 3 (14.2%) as group B, and 18 (85.7%) patients as group C (worst risk). Conclusion: our results show that AH in gout patient was clearly associated with worst cardiovascular risk factor and presence of target-organ lesions.


We shall be reading Wuthering Heights from Emily's standpoint within the Bronte workshop and using mythology and "mystifictions" that he Brontes have generated. Bronte's poetry can be read as a revision of Romanticism and as a meditation on subjectivity in the modern epoche. References to trouble and storm will be seen in the context of both her prose and poetry. Wuthering Heights is a myth transformed by the epistemological change brought about by thermodynamics. Causality, temporality and truth are the categories which the narrative revises thus redefining the conditions of possibility of history. The hero's trajectory is used as a means of exploring the consequences of such a revolution. It also allows for the emergence of a new subject inscribed within an evolutionist scheme. Having burnt its (hypo) Text, Wuthering Heights becomes then the New Testament of the naturalist era.


Nowadays the pollution of SO2 becomes more and more serious,it has a wide range of effects on plants,for example,it can affect the photosynthesis,physiological characters and tissue structure of many plants.Therefore,more and more researchers began to study these problerm.Leaf-colored plants have the impotant place to enrich the landscape and reduce the polution on environment,and they are considered one of the effective ways to purify the air of city.In order to provide seientific evaluation of SO2 resistance and seientific references for selecting proper species as ornamental trees in landscape,the resistance of four golden-leaf tress species to sulfur dioxide its mechanism to adapt to sulfur dioxide stress were studied in this paper,.An artificial simulation method was employed to treat two-year-old saplings of four golden-leaf tress species,i.g.Ligustrum vicaryi,Caryopteris clandonensis,Physocarpus opulifolius var.lutein and Cornus alba with different concentration,such as 5.71,11.43,17.14,22.86 mg/m3 of sulfur dioxide.The acute injury symptoms were observed,membrane lipid peroxidation,osmose gulatory molecules and protective enzyme activity were measured,and the methods of subordination function and grey correlation analysis were used to evaluate the resistance to sulfur comprehensively.The results showed that all four tree species had purification ability to SO2,the membrane permeability,contents of malondialdehyde(MAD),proline(Pro),soluble sugur(SS),sulfur content and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT) were increased,while the contents of chlorophyll(Chl a+b) and pH value were decreased with the increment of sulur dioxide concentration.The purification ability to SO2 of four tree species were different,i.e.: C.alba was maximum,L.vicaryi and P.opulifolius var.lutein were medium,and C.clandonensis was minimum,it was the same as the order of the sulfur contents of the four tree species.However,the resistance of the four tree species to sulfur dioxide ranked from L.vicaryi﹥C.clandonensis﹥C.alba﹥P.opulifolius var.lutein.These demonstrated that the purification ability to SO2 was different with the resistance to sulfur of these plants.But these couldn′t indicate that the four golden-leaf tress species,i.g.L.vicaryi,C.clandonensis,P.opulifolius var.lutein and C.alba couldn′t be used in Lanzhou region.Beacause the minimum concentration of SO2(5.71 mg/m3) that was set up in this experiment was higher than the practical maximum polution concentration of SO2(0.277 mg/m3) which once appeared in Lanzhou,this means that these plants can all be used in safety in Lanzhou region.From the ten criteria tested,eight(membrane permeability,MAD,SOD,CAT,Pro,POD,chl a+b and SS) can be considered as main criteria for evaluating the resistance of these four trees to SO2,but sulfur contents and pH value were not.Injury degree of the four tree species was adverse to the resistance to sulfur dioxide,it indicated that injury symptoms also can be regarded as the basis to judge the resistance to sulfur dioxide of the four tree species.


Within the music of Coldplay there often exists a disconnect between the melody (vocal line) and the harmony (chord pattern/structure). It is often difficult to discern any tonal center (key) within a given song. In several of the songs I have selected for analysis, the melodies, when isolated from the harmonic patterns, suggest tonal centers at odds with the chords. Because of its often stratified pitch organization, Coldplay's music is sometimes in two keys simultaneously. Exploring the disconnect between melody and harmony, I will show how that can lead to tonal ambiguity in the sense that there is no one key governing an entire song. Rather, these songs often exemplify sectional centricity, where one or more pitches act as a tonal center in one section of a song.


This paper focuses on the application of genetic algorithm in the specific job-shop scheduling problem.It presents the computing method of job-shop scheduling based on the best way of genetic algorithm,whose results are compared with those from heuristic algorithm.The findings prove the effectiveness and superiority of the genetic algorithm.


AIM: To study the effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy on the prevention of acute rejection and graft vs host disease following small bowel trans -plantation. METHODS: In our transplantation center, 6 isolated intestinal transplants have been performed with MSC therapy since 2009. The primary reasons for trans plants were short gut syndrome caused by surgical in testine resection for superior mesenteric artery throm bosis (n = 4), Crohn's disease (n = 1) and intestinal aganglionosis (n = 1). Two of the patients were chil -dren. At the time of reperfusion, the first dose of MSCs cultured from the patient's bone marrow was passed into the transplanted intestinal artery at a dose of 1000000 cells/kg. The second and third doses of MSCs were given directly into the mesenteric artery through the arterial anastomosis using an angiography catheter on day 15 and 30 post-transplant. RESULTS: The median follow-up for these patients was 10.6 mo (min: 2 mo-max: 30 mo). Three of the patients developed severe acute rejection. One of these patients did not respond to bolus steroid therapy. Although the other two patients did respond to anti-rejection treatment, they developed severe fungal and bacterial infections. All of these patients died in the 2 nd and 3 rd months post-transplant due to sepsis. The remaining patients who did not have acute rejection had good quality of life with no complications observed during the follow-up period. In addition, their intestinal grafts were functioning properly in the 13 th , 25 th and 30 th month post-transplant. The patients who survived did not encounter any problems related to MSC trans -plantation. CONCLUSION: Although this is a small case series and not a randomized study, it is our opinion that small bowel transplantation is an effective treatment for in testinal failure, and MSC therapy may help to prevent acute rejection and graft vs host disease following in testinal transplantation. http://www.wjgnet.com/esps/ with hepatic failure, end-stage liver disease and inher ited metabolic disorders. However, studies and data related to MSC therapy in small bowel transplantation are scarce. We think that MSC therapy may help to prevent acute rejection and graft vs host disease fol lowing intestinal transplantation.


Severe falciparum malaria remains a common cause of death among the under-5 Nigerian children despite Nigerians having partial immunity arising from their residence in a hyperendemic region for malaria transmission. It is, also, being reported in clinical practice among adolescent and adult Nigerians. The objective of this narrative review is to highlight the pathophysiology of severe malaria and relate that to its clinical manifestations/ complications and to highlight the challenges of severe malaria management in Nigeria. With a good understanding of the pathophysiology of severe malaria as it relates to its clinical manifestations, one expects a favorable outcome from the current treatment protocol.


A fundamentally-based concept of a soil erosion and sediment transport model in a forest tropical area is presented. It will be incorporated to the ANSWERS model. The forest hydrology model is taken from D.L. Thomas and D.B. Beasley. It is a single event model and considers the effect of the canopy cover.


The paper studies the labour force in the organised retail chain in shopping malls by focussing on their job training process. Limiting the study to the women employees in the organised retail sector, it shows how there is an attempt to use women's bodies as a site for the production that assimilates with the spectacle that the shopping mall constructs. Linking these modern spaces of work, the paper also attempts to look at these women in the spaces of their personal lives and what are the negotiations that they have to make to be a part of these new emerging work opportunities.


Danielssenia intermedia Wells 1965, originally described from a single male specimen from the Fladen ground in the North Sea, is redescribed on the basis of new material of both sexes from off Cullercoats, also in the North Sea. Although D, intermedia has many similarities to the genera Danielssenia Boeck and Psammis Sars, it must be placed in a new genus Fladenia based on distinctive features of the female antennule, the mandible, maxilliped, first and fifth legs and the sexual dimorphism of both rami of legs 2–4. The characteristics of Fladenia are such that it serves to link the other genera of the danielsseniid complex with Paranannopus Lang. The proposal that all these genera should be placed in the family Paranannopidae Por is reinforced by close similarities in the structure of the female genital field.


Little is known about the college experiences of Black lesbians at predominantly White institutions (PWIs). The purpose of our study was to explore the social support systems that these students develop in order to be successful. Six women consented to interviews that lasted 45–60 minutes. The results indicate that there are three primary sources of support on campus support, off campus support, and family. With regards to on and off campus support, our participants mostly turned to friends to emotional and appraisal support, family for instrumental support, and campus administrators, faculty, and organizations for informational support. The research also indicated that the women's support networks could be characterized by a great degree of multiplexity and homophily. We conclude the article with recommendations for policy and future research.


In the subcooled decompression experiments of water in a vertical tube under a temperature gradient, a violent pressure oscillation was observed. By varying the gradient conditions it was ascertained that this pressure oscillation was due to the existence of the large temperature gradient in the system, and that it occurred in the low temperature region of the system. The generation of the pressure oscillation could be explained by assuming a reflection surface for the pressure wave caused by the blowdown. Two positions of the reflection surface were experimentally obtained from the structure of oscillatory pressure behavior and by computing the autocorrelation function of the pres- sure curve. In the system of a linearly descending temperature distribution, a flashing occurred partially and those two values were in good agreement with the position of the phase boundary generated just after the passage of the decompression wave. The conventional thermal equilibrium model could not completely explain this ...


There are clear economic and social advantages to be gleaned by communities that are prepared to move forward in a sustainable way. The National Centre for Sustainability (NCS), houses within Federation University Australia, continues to foster widespread understanding of the benefits of sustainability.


The novel Tenda dos milagres (The Tent of the miracles) is pervaded by cultural markers; the candomblé, syncretism permeating through the world portrayed by Jorge Amado, plays a key role in the narrative thread. The translator is therefore compelled to face the challenge posed by the presence of a foreign language as well as the culture in which it is embedded. So the Author reflects on the Italian translation focusing on the religious aspects as conveyed by the vocabulary of candomblé by following the perspective of the cultural translation.


Many extendeddissipativesystemsexhibitspatial culation. Our intention is to demonstratein a toy and temporal scaling. In turbulence,for example, model the emergenceof scaling andfractal energy scalingoccurs overwide length scalessincethe codissipation.Besides,at the critical points, "univerherencelength is usuallymuch larger than the Kolsality" may apply in analogywith equilibrium critmogorov length (the length scalefor energy dissiical phenomena, andour studyof thissimplemodel pation).Uniform energyinput resultsin power-law may help to provide a consistentandtheoretically spatial distribution of energystorage(Kolmogorov sustainablephenomenological picture of a classof scaling) and fractal energy dissipation [1]. Some turbulentphenomena. phenomenological modelsfor scalingbehaviorshave Our lattice model is defined in any dimensions, beenproposed[2], in which the fractal set is preaswith the following simplerules: sumed.It is, however,essentialto understandthe (i) treesgrow with a small probability p from dynamicalmechanismwhich generates thefractalitempty sitesat eachtimestep; self: How cana uniform energyinjection result in a (ii) treeson fire will burn down at the next time fractal dissipation? step; Motivated by the recentdiscoveryof seif-orga(iii) the fire on a sitewill spreadto trees at its nizedcriticality [31wespeculatethat fractalenergy nearestneighborsitesat the next time step. dissipationis a manifestationof a critical state.Our Thereis only oneparameter in themodel,namely studyof fractalenergydissipationis not in the conthe growth rateof thetrees~. We now briefly sumtext of turbulentfluids, but as a generalphenome51 Due to the discretenatureof our model theslow uniform non. The model we studyis a simple "forest-fire" growth(driving) is representedby small growthprobability; model,and we focuson the spatial distribution of theactualgrowthateachinstanceis randomspatially. Howdissipation(fire) andits dependenceon thedriving ever,thisrandomness in driving doesnotaffect thelong-time force. We show that "energy", when injected uniandspacebehaviorsof thismode.A continuouslydrivendeterministicversionof this modelwith uniform growthratehas formly (treesgrow uniformly), is dissipated(trees beenstudied [4], which appearsto exhibit thesamescaling burn) on a fractal.Scaling is checkedby meansof a behavior.This indicatesthat therandomnoisein theourmodel Monte Carlo renormalization-group(MCRG) calis not important.