Penetration in polyester chips of different manufacturers and yarn (undrawn and drawn) was studied between 323 and 423 K on a thermomechanical system (TMS-2) using a penetration kit. It was observed that the penetration of the probe varied in the case of chips from manufacturer to manufacturer. The undrawn and drawn yarns from different batches and also within the same batch showed a clear variation in penetration curve, which may be attributed to the degree of crystallization. The same technique can be utilized for an assessment of the quality of yarn in continuous production and for differentiating the manufacturing process of polyester chips.


(57) Abstract: medical lubricant suitable for injection into a patient's bloodstream. The lubricant, suitable for use in other non-invasive medical device to be introduced into the patient through the device of the rotary devices and catheters like such as atherogenesis resection drive shaft moves in and guidewire upper sheath there. The lubricant, oil-in-water emulsion, and pH buffer containing a surfactant and co-surfactant. The lubricant may include a cold storage agent and a pH buffering agents may be prepared the pH. One lubricants, olive oil as emulsified oil, egg yolk phospholipid as a surfactant, sodium di deoxycholate as a co-surfactant, obtained contain glycerin, L- histidine as a pH buffer as cold storage agent and hydroxide It is adjusted to pH by the use of sodium. The lubricant may include a therapeutic agent.


We report on the association capability of a novel multisegmented, multiarm star terpolymer to form a diversity of pH-responsive amphoteric micellar nanostructured self-assemblies.


Objective: To observe the microscopic changes on the pancreas of Wistar Albino rats, following the oral administration of energy drink.
 Study Design: Laboratory based experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the department of Anatomy, Basic medical Sciences Institute (BMSI), Jinnah Postgraduate medical Center (JPMC) Karachi, in October 2018 for a period of four weeks. Methodology: Thirty adult, healthy male Wistar Albino rats equally divided into three groups were used in the study. Group A served as control, group B as treated with energy drink at a dose of 7.5ml/day orally and group C treated with energy drink at a dose of 15ml/day orally, for a period of 4 weeks.
Results: The Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stained sections of pancreatic tissue have shown marked pathological changes. Dilated and congested blood vessels were a significant finding in the treated tissues. Sequestration of mononuclear cells was also found on microscopy depicting the inflammatory process in the pancreas of treated animals.
Conclusion: Energy drink consumption caused significant injurious and deleterious effects on the pancreas of the Albino rats.


We discuss calculations of the single-particle states in magic nuclei, performed within the particle-vibration coupling (PVC) approach by using consistently the Skyrme effective interaction. The vibrations are calculated within fully self-consistent random-phase approximation and the whole interaction is also used in the PVC vertex. Our main emphasis is therefore the discussion of our results in comparison with those in which some approximation is made. The perspectives for improving current density functional theory (DFT) calculations are also addressed.


Isaac Goldberg, a graduate of Yeshiva College and its Teachers Institute, holds an M.S. degree in Library Science from Pratt Institute in New York. He worked for many years in Judaica and other types of libraries: as a cataloger at Yeshiva University, the United States Geological Survey, the Library of Congress (LC), and the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA); as Administrative Secretary of the Hebrew Union College Library in Cincinnati; as Acquisitions Librarian in the Engineering and Mathematical Sciences Library at UCLA; and as Director of Libraries of Bar llan University (Ramat Gan, Israel).


Objective. To evaluate whether Helicobacter pylori-assodated non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) presents with specific clinical features enabling it to be distinguished from other forms of NUD. Patients. The study included 149 NUD patients (67 men and 82 female; mean age 48.3 years). NUD was defined as upper gastrointestinal symptoms present for more than 4 weeks, unrelated to exertion or rest, in the absence of peptic ulcération, oesophagitis or malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract, as confirmed by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Interventions. Antral biopsies were taken from all patients and evaluated for H. pylori by the rapid urease test and by a histological examination. Symptoms were documented and scored by standardized questionnaires in all patients. Unconditional multivariate logistic analysis was performed in order to identify and quantify the association between symptoms and H. pylori infection. Results Of the patients with NUD, 76 (51%) were infected with H. pylori. The total symptom score was 9.8±0.3 in H. pylori-positive and 8.2±0.3 in H. pylori-negative NUD patients (P<0.001). Pain relief after food intake (fasting pain; P<0.005), body weight (P<0.02), and absence of diarrhoea (P<0.05) were significantly and independently associated with H. pylori-positive NUD on multivariate logistic analysis. Meteorism, heartburn and history of peptic ulcer, and age were associated with H. pylori-positive NUD on univariate analysis, but acted as confounding factors when included in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion. From this study, we conclude that H. pylori-associated NUD presented with some typical clinical features. These findings suggest that H. pylori has a role in the aetiopathogenesis of NUD.


In recent cognitive neuroscience, many studies have been conducted on the human working memory. However, the temporal activities in the working memory-related brain regions are not clear yet. To elucidate the temporal activities of the working memory-related brain regions, we studied the EEG P300 activities during n-back tasks with a source analysis. We elicited two P3 components in the P300 activities; the early P3 and late P3, respectively. Those appeared approximately at 300 ms and 360 ms in our n-back ERPs with the scalp EEG data. The amplitudes of the corresponding peaks showed changes in according with the working memory load. Then, we created a source model in our analysis to evaluate the temporal activities in the P3 components. This source model was defined by the sources seeded from fMRI meta-analysis of the n-back tasks, the additional sources in the orbitofrontal cortex and the visual cortex estimated with the late P3 and the P100 components. It has provided a valuable insight into the temporal brain activities at the positions of the sources. The early P3 was mainly induced by the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, the inferior parietal lobule, the medial posterior parietal and the visual cortex. The late P3 was mainly induced by the medial premotor, the lateral premotor, the frontal pole and the orbitofrontal cortex. The contribution of the frontal pole and the orbitofrontal cortex had a peak approximately at 390 ms which appeared after the late P3 component. In this study, we have described our method to evaluate the temporal activities in the working memory-related brain regions during the n-back tasks. Our results elicited a contribution of a network in the brain regions including the prefrontal association area and the parietal association area in the P300 components of the n-back working memory task.


In this paper the present writer stated that he pursued and found the behaviors and properties of bending elasticity and plasticity of some 1 steel beams simply and hinge- 五豆町 llysupported on both the ends , by giving two concentrated lin 巴 loadson the span centre of each beam.


Reading literature and exploring history,aims on preparation of Pinellia ternata,helpful lessons was supplied for standardization on slices of Pinellia ternata.


: Controlling crystal polymorphism is critical in many fields such as pharmaceuticals, biomineralization, and catalysis. However, it is challenging for conventional batch crystallization approaches to effectively control the polymorphism of obtained crystals. In this work, we introduce a novel approach for controlling polymorphic crystallization by using quasi-double-emulsions (QDEs) as programmable microcrystallizers. The QDEs utilize a thin oil layer to separate aqueous droplets trapped in a high-density microwell array from the continuous aqueous phase, forming a large number of water-oil-water (W/O/W) structures similar to double emulsions. Benefitting from the semi-permeability of its middle oil film, the QDEs platform can facilely and flexibly vary the supersaturation rate and solvent composition of its inner aqueous phase (IAP) via changing its outer aqueous phase (OAP). Such variations can tune the kinetics of crystallization in the IAP, thus achieving highly controlled polymorphic crystallization and ob-taining desired crystal polymorphs. In a proof-of-concept application, we demonstrated the convenience and versatility of the QDE platform by applying it for regulating the polymorph of glycine. Compared to traditional crystallizers, the QDEs platform provides more controllability and flexibility in polymorphic crystallization, being a powerful tool for solid form screening in pharmaceutical, fine chemicals, and food industries.


The invention provides a novel polytetrafluoroethylene microporous filtering material and solves the problems of poor heat resistance, non-ideal high-humidity gas dust cleaning effect and low dust removal efficiency of the filtering material generated in the prior art. The novel polytetrafluoroethylene microporous filtering material has the beneficial effects that the hydrophobicity and the stain resistance are good, the anti-aging effect is good, the dust removal efficiency in the filtering process can be improved, the filtering resistance is reduced, and the filtering capacity is improved.


In a field experiment with the cultivar 'Bluecrop', N and K levels in leaves and fruit increased but Ca levels decreased as rate of (NH4)2SO4, urea, or NH4NO3 increased. There were no differences due to source of N. In a 3-year period application of a total of 5.07 oz/bush of MgSO4·7H2O had no effect on Mg levels in leaves or fruit.


Coral reefs in the tropical eastern Pacific region experienced catastrophic coral mortality during the severe 1982/1983 El Nino event. Pocillopora spp., the dominant scleractinian reef-building corals, were most seriously affected, resulting in large tracts (0.1 to 1 ha) of dead reef surface in Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, and the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. A sea star Acanthaster planci is now entering centrally-located reef areas in Panama corals and is feeding on large, massive corals formerly surrounded and protected by live Pocillopora corals and their symbiotic crustacean guards. This note outlines the effects of El Nifio-related differential coral mortality and subsequent mortality resulting from the elimination of a protective biotic barrier The ages of corals killed during the initial physical disturbance, and later by predation, allow an estimate of the period of uninterrupted reef growth, i.e. the minimum number of years since an earlier, major El Nino event: about 190 yr on the basis of present evidence. Warm tropical waters have traditionally been regarded as beneficial to coral reef development and growth (Dana 1843, Wells 1957, Kinsman 1964, Rosen 1971, Stehli & Wells 1971). Occasionally, however, intense natural warming of reef waters has resulted in localized, reef-building coral mortality (Shinn 1966, Jaap 1979, Yamazato 1981). The course of such events has typically involved a stress to the coral and its symbiotic algae (zooxanthellae) with the loss of zooxanthellae ('bleaching'), and subsequent recovery or death of the host coral colony. The El Nilio event of 1982/83, regarded as the strongest this century (Halpern 1983, Kerr 1983), accompanied widespread coral mortality in the equatorial eastern Pacific region in 1983 (Glynn 1983a, Lessios et al. 1983, Glynn 1984a). The abnormally high sea surface temperatures (mean values 30 to 31 'C), their duration (5 to 6 mo, Glynn 1984a), and depth of isotherm penetration (nearly 100 m deeper in some areas than in previous years, Rebert et al. 1983), were probably in large part responsible for the disturbance. Coral mortality was generally highest among species exhibiting the most rapid skeletal growth, e.g. Pocillopora spp. and Millepora spp. (hydrocorals). Several surviving coral species, previously protected from coral-eating sea stars because of their location on the reef, were exposed to predation following the El NiAoassociated catastrophe. These mortality events were observed on coral reefs located off the Pacific coast of Panama in the Gulf of Chiriqui, at Uva Island (7'48' 46" N; 81'45' 35" W), Contreras Islands, and at an


Abstract : Uncertainty in the extent of solid solution formation in the SiC-AlN system has continued to exist for temperatures <2000 deg C. This uncertainty has been surmounted via chemical interdiffusion investigations between epitaxial, monocrystalline 2H-AlN(0001) films and their associated 6H-SiC(0001) substrates between 1700 deg and 1850 deg C. The characterization tools of Auger spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and parallel electron energy loss spectroscopy have been employed to determine the diffusion profiles across the AlN/SiC interfaces. This research has found no evidence of interdiffusion between AlN and SiC and thus proven that pure AlN and SiC do not form measurable solid solutions below 1850 deg C.


The smart management of water resources needs to be addressed urgently, especially in "water-scarce" nations. Mexico not only is the eleventh most populated country in the world, but also has a higher urbanization rate than the global average. By 2010, seventy eight percent of inhabitants lived in cities; where the challenges of distributing resources to maintain a good quality of life still exist. Approximately eighty million Mexicans experience a lack of water provisioning for at least a month and twenty million citizens continue with severe shortages during more than half a year. Guadalajara is the second biggest city in Mexico and it has launched macro projects that have not met expectations. Therefore, this paper aims to propose a scalable solution, transforming traditional practices into Smart Cities ones. This analysis considers a circular economy model using information technologies to simulate the wastewater flows at the Living Lab of a University of Guadalajara Campus and evaluate the efficiency rate of two scenarios with a virtual bioreactor in comparison with published data of an existing treatment plant in Mexico City.


Abstract As catalysis research has evolved from resolution of functions such as metals and acids and experiments with model catalysts toward identification of catalytic sites, catalyst preparation has evolved toward catalyst synthesis. This argument is developed on the basis of examples of catalysts that are less complex structurally than typical industrial solid catalysts; the examples include metal complexes bonded to supports, through tethers or metal–oxygen bonds, and crystalline porous materials such as zeolites. With such materials, especially molecular species bonded to crystalline supports, catalyst synthesis is a reality and the notion of catalyst design is becoming realistic.


I would like to respond to Ian Birkinshaw's article (student life October 5). First, as a student representative, I find it is hard enough to motivate students into lobbying for change without the attitude displayed by Mr Birkinshaw. It is through a united front that things can be improved.


In this study an informal "after only with control" experimental design was used to evaluate the impact of ethanol and water extracts of leaf and mature green fruits of Phytolacca dodecandraon the life history of An. gambiae. Eighty milligrams of crude extracts of mature green fruits of P. dodecandra was dissolved in 100 millilitres of rain water and the solution serially diluted to concentrations of 80, 40, 20, 10, 5, and 2.5 mg/100 mL. The diluents were then added into five groups of six sets of larval rearing trays each measuring 21 cm × 15 cm × 8 cm. This was repeated for leaves of P. dodecandra, Azadirachta indica leaves, and Deltamethrin. Each tray received 100 freshly laid An. gambiae eggs. Climatic conditions within insectaries were 29°C~30°C, 70%~80% relative humidity, and 12:12, L: D photoperiod. The experiments were replicated four times. The extracts impacted the life history of exposed mosquitoes irrespective of parts of P. dodecandra used or dose. Parts of plant used impacted mortality significantly (p < 0.001) compared to dose (p > 0.05). Water extract was more potent than ethanol extracts (p < 0.05). Though toxicity reduced with time, longevity of the extracts was dose dependent and significantly influenced mortality (p < 0.001). Lethal doses (LC50) were relatively lower (doses of ≤ 4.6) with small lower and upper 95% CI. It is concluded that extracts of P. dodecandra impacts the life cycle of An. gambiae mosquitoes critically interfering with their development.


ABSTRACT Sometimes, people respond to fat oppression by developing resilience, resistance, and rebellion. The author describes the history of how she came to produce the book FAT!SO? based on the print zine of the same name. The story is an example of how moments can be defining in a person's life and in his or her activism. The case history also puts into perspective how the fat activist community and fat studies have since developed.


Blind equalization is a technique that equalizes the received signals without the training sequence. Because of the absence of training sequence, we can increase the bandwidth efficiency due to the blind equalization system. And we must use the blind equalization for removing the ISI in mobile satellite communication receiver. ISI occurs due to mobility of users in mobile satellite communications. Blind equalization is suitable for the mobile satellite communication channels. In this blind equalization, it`s very important to improve BER performance to apply the mobile satellite communication system. In this paper, we propose the blind beamforming equalization system using the beamforming, MUSIC algorithm and coordinate change method. We were confirmed by the simulation that the proposed system improves the BER performance.


This work presents remote store programming (RSP), an instance of the reflective memory model designed to be incrementally supportable on multicores that support loads and stores. To demonstrate the value of RSP, its performance is compared to that of both shared and distributed memory approaches using the TILEPro64 multicore processor. RSP is shown to be as much as 1.76× faster than distributed memory and over 5× faster than shared memory.


Radioactive sulphate (35S04) is readily taken up and 'fixed' by cartilage, from which it can be extracted in chondroitin sulphate (Bostrom & Mansson 1953). In autoradiographs the isotope is found at sites where acid mucopolysaccharides are formed (Curran & Kennedy 1955). Sulphate is incorporated into the muco polysaccharide molecule at an early stage in its synthesis (Schiller, Mathews, Cifonelli & Dorfman 1956) and ion exchange is not involved. Sulphate uptake may be used therefore to measure sulphated mucopolysaccharide formation (Layton 1951; Slack 1959). In the present study, the effects of X-rays on the sulphate uptake of mouse tissues and of calf costal cartilage were determined by autoradiography and by means of a Geiger-Muller counter, respectively. In this way it was hoped to gain some information concerning the effects of ionizing radiation on mucopolysaccharide secretion, about which little is known.


Background: Gram positive bacteria such Escherichia coli, Group B Streptococcus coagulase-negative staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus , and Gram-negative bacteria such as Klebsiella and Pseudomonas species are listed as some of the bacteria etiologies for pediatric septicemia. These bacteria are rapidly becoming multi drug resistant to penicillin (or aminopenicillin), gentamicin, the pragmatic antibiotic treatment regimens.  Further, the ever-increasing burden of bacteria septicemia infection due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Gram negative bacteria cumulatively presents a major health concern in the management and treatment of bacterial septicemia. In this study we present data on the prevalence and type of antimicrobial resistant patterns among children with bacterial septicemia in Mbita Sub county Hospital, Western region of Kenya. Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 248 children whose parents/guardian consented. The bacterial isolation and characterization were done using the automated BACTEC 9240 system, conventional culture using morphology, Gram stain and biochemical identification. Further identification and resistant gene detection were determined using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Descriptive statistics were used to present data. Results: Eighty-four (33.9%) patients had septicemia where Staphylococcus epidermidis (28.6%), S. aureus (13.1%), Escherichia coli (13.1%) and single Salmonella Paratyphi B, Citrobacter freundii , Gemella morbillorum , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Lactococcus lactis cremoris , Pantoea spp, and Pseudomonas putida were implicated. The majority of gram-negative bacteria were resistant to penicillin (Ampicillins) 100%, 96.1% to tetracyclin, 84.6% to sulphonamides (Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole), 73.1% Aminoglycosides (Gentamicin) 73.1% and 19.2% to Quinolone (Ciprofloxacin). For gram positive bacteria majority 96.7% were resistant to sulphonamides (Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole) followed by tetracycline 76.7%, penicillin (Oxacilline) 73.3% and least resistant to Quinolone (Ciprofloxacin) 30%. Various antimicrobial resistant genes mecA, SulII, blaTEM, TetA aac (3) were identified. Conclusion. In this geographically defined region of Kenya, of the 33.9% children with septicemia, gram positive bacteria were the leading cause septicemia. High level resistance due to various resistant genes were seen all type of antibiotics by both Gram positive and negative bacteria. Rapid antibiotic resistant testing is encouraged for appropriate treatment and management of septicemia infection. Keywords : bacterial Septicemia, Epidemiology, Children under five, South Nyanza, Kenya DOI: 10.7176/JNSR/10-10-07 Publication date: May 31 st 2020


A set of different methodologies are developed for multiple objective management of coastal aquifers. The coastal aquifer management models are developed using a numerical simulation model, meta-model, and the multiple objective optimization algorithm NSGA-II. The NSGA-II algorithm is also modified to accommodate initial solution generation using the Latin hypercube sampling for uniform sampling in bound space. These initial solutions are useful to improve the efficiency of the optimization algorithm. One important issue in developing management models for coastal aquifers incorporating the density dependent flow and transport processes is the computational feasibility. A few variations of the management model are also evaluated to test the potential for improving the computational efficiency. The variations in the formulation of management models include: direct linking of numerical simulation model, introducing meta-models [in this study artificial neural network (ANN)] in place of original numerical si...


AAIM is the largest academically focused specialty organization representing departments of internal medicine at medical schools and teaching hospitals in the United States and Canada. As a consortium of five organizations, AAIM represents department chairs and chiefs; clerkship, residency, and fellowship program directors; division chiefs; and academic and business administrators as well as other faculty and staff in departments of internal medicine and their divisions. s AAIM Recommendations to Promote Equity and Inclusion in the Internal Medicine Residency Interview Process Anthony T. Dao, MD, Maria M. Garcia, MD, Ricardo Correa, MD, EdD, Lindsey J. Gay, MD, David A. Wininger, MD, Michelle Sweet, MD, Vera P. Luther, MD, Timothy M. Chow, MD, Whitney Harper, MSAL, Cindy J Lai, MD School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Mo; Chan Medical School, University of Massachusetts, Boston; College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Phoenix; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex; Ohio State University, Columbus; Rush University, Chicago, Ill; School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa; University of Washington, Seattle; School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.


The goal of this work was to synthesize complex macromolecular architectures such as dendrimers and dendronized polymers, and evaluate the effect from the dendrons on the optical and material prope ...


Structural and electronic properties of amorphous and single-phase polycrystalline films of γand κ-In2Se3 have been measured. The stable γ phase nucleates homogeneously in the film bulk and has a high resistivity, while the metastable κ phase nucleates at the film surface and has a moderate resistivity. The microstructures of hot-deposited and post-annealed cold-deposited γ films are quite different but the electronic properties are similar. The increase in the resistivity of amorphous In2Se3 films upon annealing is interpreted in terms of the replacement of In-In bonds with In-Se bonds during crystallization. Great care must be taken in the preparation of In2Se3 films for electrical measurements as the presence of excess chalcogen or surface oxidation may greatly affect the film properties. PACS numbers: 81.05.Hd, 68.55.Jk, 61.43.Dq, 64.70.Kb, 73.61.Jc Electronic address: firstname.lastname@example.com Now at Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea


This paper reviews the research results on the problem of submarine pipeline scouring home and abroad,which the researchers got by physical experimentations,theoretical analyses and numerical emulations.It is hoped to provide references for further researches.


A sample (0.03 mL, 0.45 mmol) of formic acid-acetic anhydride mixture (FAM), prepared from Ac2O and formic acid as described in the literature [1], was added to the alcohol 1 [2] (29 mg, 0.09 mmol) at 10 oC.[...]


Virtual chromoscopy is a novel technology that enhances endoscopic visualization of superficial mucosal surfaces and microvascular architecture. Currently available virtual chromoscopy techniques include narrow band imaging, Fujinon intelligent color enhancement and I-scan. Refinements are expected to improve detection of the lesions, which will lead to further insight into the pathological processes, in turn, providing guidance in selecting the optimal treatment. Presently, we review the currently available literature regarding virtual chromoscopy and provide technical principles, clinical usefulness, and limitations.


Background Chondrosarcoma is the second most frequent primary sarcoma of bone and frequently occurs in the pelvis. Surgical resection is the primary treatment with the two main operative modalities being limb-sparing resection and amputation. Contemporary management has trended toward limb-sparing procedures; however, whether this approach has an adverse effect on long-term survival is unclear. Questions/purposes (1) What are the 5- and 10-year survival rates after limb-sparing surgery and amputation? (2) What factors are associated with survival after contemporary surgical management of pelvic chondrosarcoma? Methods The 2004-2014 National Cancer Database, a nationwide registry that includes approximately 70% of all new cancers in the United States with requirement for 90% followup, was reviewed for patients diagnosed with pelvic chondrosarcoma who had undergone limb-sparing surgery or amputation. To compare survival, patient demographics, tumor attributes, and treatment characteristics were used to generate one-to-one propensity score-matched cohorts. Other factors associated with survival were determined through multivariable Cox regression. Three hundred eighty-five patients (75%) underwent limb-sparing surgery and 131 (25%) underwent amputation. Propensity score matching resulted in two balanced cohorts of 131 patients. Results With the numbers available, we could not demonstrate a difference in overall survival between limb-sparing procedures and amputation. The 5-year survivorship was 70% (95% confidence interval [CI], 62%-79%) for limb-sparing surgery versus 70% (95% CI, 62%-79%) for amputation. The 10-year survivorship was 60% (95% CI, 48%-75%) for limb-sparing surgery versus 59% (95% CI, 48%-72%) for amputation. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis did not demonstrate a difference in survival (p = 0.9). Older age (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.029, p < 0.001), higher Charlson/Deyo comorbidity score (HR = 3.039, p = 0.004), higher grade (HR = 2.547, p = 0.005 for Grade 2; HR = 7.269, p < 0.001 for Grade 3; HR = 10.36, p < 0.001 for Grade 4), and positive surgical margins (HR = 1.61, p = 0.039) were associated with decreased survival. Conclusions Our findings support the trend toward increased use of limb-sparing surgery for patients with pelvic chondrosarcoma. Orthopaedic oncologists may use our results when counseling their patients regarding treatment options. However, the choice of limb-sparing surgery versus amputation for these challenging patients should still be a highly individualized decision with careful discussion between the patient and the surgeon. Level of Evidence Level III, therapeutic study.


Objective
To explore the effectiveness of the timed up and go test (TUGT) and the maximum walking speed test (MWST) in evaluating stroke patients' motor function.

Methods
Twenty-two stroke patients were assessed using the TUGT and MWST, and the temporal-spatial parameters of their gait were also assessed. The correlations among the TUGT times, walking speed and the gait parameters were quantified using Pearson correlation coefficients.

Results
The TUGT time was (18.57±7.41)s, significantly correlated with step length and velocity (P<0.05). Walking speed showed a significant positive correlation with step length, velocity and step length (P<0.05). The TUGT times were negatively correlated with walking speed (r=-0.712, P=0.000).

Conclusion
The MWST and TUGT both can assess stroke patients' motor function effectively.

Key words:
Timed up and go test; Maximum walking speed test; Stroke; Gait parameters


The Galilean invariance in three dimensional space-time is considered. It appears that the Galilei group in 2+1 dimensions posses a three-parameter family of projective representations. Their physical interpretation is discussed in some detail.


Perhaps it is because the profession of clinical neuropsychology is so young that any progress made in it may seem to be significant. However, it appears to the President of this Division that we are not actually making as much progress as we are inclined to believe and that this is true both in absolute terms and in comparison with the progress made in other clinical neurosciences. Dodrill (1997, p. 1)


In the last two decades, English-Medium Instruction (EMI) has fast increased in non-Anglophone universities, with the result that non-native English speaker (NNES) lecturers are increasingly using English as a lingua franca (ELF) to interact with their NNES students in the classroom. As such, EMI represents "a prototypical ELF scenario" (Smit 2017, 387). This paper identifies and describes language variations that occurred in EMI lecturers' talk in a comparable corpus of six EMI engineering lectures taught in two different teaching modalities: in-person and virtual synchronous classrooms. By means of a corpus-based methodology, this study particularly focuses on lexical spatial deixis as it allows the lecturer to direct students' attention towards a common referent so as to ensure students' comprehension and participation (Hyland 2005). The findings indicate that the use of proximal deictics differs according to the context, with interactional and pedagogical implications beyond EMI.


The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in the chemical attributes of the soil caused by the use of limestone associated or not to with gypsum in no-tillage system. The experiment was conducted on a dystrophic Yellow Latosol in Pará state, Brazil. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in split plots with three replications. The treatments consisted of five doses of limestone (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 t ha-1), with and without gypsum (0, 0.5 and 1 t ha-1). Soil samples were collected at depths of 0-20 and 20-40 cm. There was a significant effect on the analyzed variables at both depths. The doses of 3.64 and 2.19 t ha-1 of limestone associated with 0.5 t ha-1 of gypsum, were responsible for the largest increase in soil calcium content in the 0-20 and 20-40 cm layers, respectively. The highest increase in Ca + Mg content was found at 3.63 t ha-1 limestone combined with 0.5 t ha-1 gypsum. It was observed that 3.13 t ha-1 of limestone combined with 0.5 t of gypsum increased soil CEC. The 2.89 t ha-1 dose of limestone combined with 0.5 t of gypsum contributed to the increase in base saturation (V%). The use of limestone and gypsum promotes soil chemical conditions, as reflected by increased corn yield when compared with control (no treatment) plots.


The lateral leakage current is influenced by the height of ridge waveguide. We design two structures to restrict the lateral leakage current of ridge diode lasers, called 'step-ridge' structure and 'groove-ridge' structure. In order to obtain a better output electrical characteristic, we optimize the geometry of the two structures. For 'step-ridge' structure, we simulate various step-widths (including up-step widths and down-step widths). For 'groove-ridge' structure, we simulate different widths of groove and distances between injection section and groove. The lateral leakage currents of both two structures were calculated under the same injection current. In conclusion, both two structures can effectively reduce the leakage carrier by at most 80%, the 'step-ridge' diode lasers can improve around 6.5% wall-plug efficiency, but the 'groove-ridge' diode lasers would reduce the wall-plug efficiency at the same time.


The situations of pathological grief (or complicated) suppose the employment of great time and energy inside the flowchart of attention to the mental health in the public system of health. They can raise many doubts with respect of if it is adapted or not to support in the consultations to persons with little interest of change. We describe a case in which the long-term treatment aids the intervention (in this case by means of strategic indication) when there appears the first sign of change and the consequent "fixation" to avoid possible setbacks.


IT IS WELL known that heart disease remains the leading cause of death in the United States, and that elevated blood cholesterol is a major risk factor for developing heart disease. Dialysis patients are prone to developing heart disease because of cardiac calcification from the renal disease process. Elevated serum cholesterol exacerbates this condition, leading to an even greater risk of developing heart disease for patients in this population. Therefore, serum cholesterol levels are closely monitored in these patients and, if elevated, are treated. The newly revised National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) guidelines recommend a desirable total blood cholesterol level of less than 200 mg/dL, with a high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level of 40 mg/dL and a low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level 130 mg/dL. One of the therapeutic lifestyle changes also recommended by the NCEP is to include 2 grams per day of plant stanols in the diet. The inclusion of plant stanol esters has been shown to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. This is a new feature of the NCEP Adult Treatment Panel III. Just 2 to 3 servings per day (1 tablespoon 1 serving—contains 1.7 g stanol esters per serving) of plant stanols have been shown to reduce total cholesterol by 10% and LDL cholesterol by 14%.


Faced with increasing pressure on university graduates as the result of the college enrollment expansion, service outsourcing as an emerging industry is promoting industrial restructuring, changing the foreign trade development mode, increasing opportunities for college graduates. This paper firstly gives an overview of the current service outsourcing, and analyses status quo and characteristics of China's service outsourcing. Then it analyses the limitations of the traditional training mode of university and studies its existing problems. Finally it gives suggestions and countermeasures for applying training mode of service outsourcing in capital university.


With the goal of high-dimensional classification,dimension reduction is discussed from the perspective of classification accuracy and model interpretation,and feature selection and feature extraction characterizes are analyzed.This paper introduces common feature extraction methods,including Principal Component Analysis,Partial Least Squares and Nonnegative Matrix Factorization.Considering the reduced data lacking in sparseness and interpretation,a sparse regularization based feature extraction framework has been proposed,and it provides dimensionality reduction in high-dimensional space a novel and available approach.


sion are cited. A convincing analysis of repressed enzyme formation in the pathway leading to pyrimidine compounds has been carried out by R. A. Yates and A. B. Pardee (J. Biol. Chem. [in press] and personal communication). 2 Induction and repression may respectively be brought about by inducers and repressers acting separately. When, however, an inducer and a represser of one and the same enzyme are present simultaneously, an antagonistic effect involving the two regulators may be expected to result. More generally, it is possible that inducer or represser action is antagonizable by substances that, in themselves, may or may not be regulators. 3 S. Spiegelman and A. M. Campbell, in D. E. Green (ed.), Currents in Biochemical Research, 1956 (New York: Interscience Publishers, Inc., 1956), p. 115. 4 M. R. Pollock, in E. F. Gale and R. Davies (eds.), Adaptation in Micro-organisms (Cambridge: At the University Press, 1953), p. 150. 5 C. E. Dalgliesh, Science, 125, 271,1957. 6 F. Haurowitz, Chemistry and Biology of Proteins (New York: Academic Press, Inc., 1950). 7 M. Cohn and J. Monod, in E. F. Gale and R. Davies (eds.), Adaptation in Micro-organisms (Cambridge: At the University Press, 1953), p. 132. 8 Final shaping may include one or more of the following: (a) the folding or other intramolecular arrangement of a nascent template product; (b) the aggregation of products from the same or from different templates; (c) the combination of a template product with another type of substance; (d) the breaking of one or more bonds within a template product; and (e) the removal of a portion of a template product. The term "dynamic site" refers to that region of an enzyme which is primarily associated with the enzyme's characteristic catalytic action. 9 J. Monod, Growth, 11, 223, 1947. 10 F. Lipmann, in D. E. Green (ed.), Currents in Biochemical Research, 1956 (New York: Interscience Publishers, Inc., 1956), p. 241. 11 Clearly, regulator action may depend either on both these effects or primarily on one or the other. 12 J. Monod and M. Cohn, Advances in Enzymol., 13, 67, 1952. 13 J. Monod, G. Cohen-Bazire, and M. Cohn, Biochim. et Biophys. Acta, 7, 585, 1951. This paper includes an example of the specific inhibition of induced enzyme formation by an analogue of the inducer. Such inhibition would fall under the definition of enzyme repression given previously (Vogel, op. cit.). 14 M. Cohn and A. Torriani, Biochim. et Biophys. Acta, 10, 280, 1953. See also M. Cohn, Discussion of paper by Cohn and Monod, op. cit., p. 149.


For differential equations in an arbitrary associative algebra, invariant constructions are presented that are connected with automorphisms of the algebra and admit a Lax representation. A Lax representation is found for a certain Hamiltonian integrodifferential equation, along with explicit formulas for a countable set of first integrals of it. Bibliography: 13 titles.


The main objective of this work is to develop a notice board system using an Arduino board with Wi-Fi being remotely controlled by any Android OS smart phone. As technology is advancing so information is also getting smarter and scrolling. Modern information is gradually shifting from conventional notice board to centralized control system, involving Wi-Fi system. Presently, conventional notice board located in different location makes it difficult for the user to go near them to operate. In this system we are using Arduino master as main controller and remaining four Arduino as slave. When information is given through Wi-Fi master Arduino takes receives data from wi-fi according to coding it feds to slave Arduino and display on LED notice board at same time information gradually shifting with controlled by shift register. With help of shift register data moving from one location to next location like this gradually scrolling. In system all slave lines are displaying different data with scrolling received from master.


From 7-15 June 2003 the Colin Jackson Theatre at Winnipeg's Prairie Theatre Exchange was home to FemFest: an eight-day festival celebrating women playwrights and their plays. The event was organized by Hope McIntyre, Artistic Director of Sarasvàti Productions, who also serves as the Chair of the Women's Caucus for the Playwright's Guild of Canada and the Outreach Director for the International Centre for Women Playwrights. The festival was born out of McIntyre's need to take action that would contribute to a change in the publishing and production trends revealed by two major surveys of playwrights in Canada.


In 1995, the National Science Foundation (NSF) contracted with principal investigator Iris Weiss and an evaluation team at Horizon Research, Inc. (HRI) to conduct a national evaluation of the Local Systemic Change for Teacher Enhancement program (LSC). HRI conducted the core evaluation under a $6.25 million contract with NSF. This program evaluation project, called the LSC core evaluation, had an overarching program‐wide focus that included all 88 local LSC projects. The LSC core evaluation was a large, multisite program evaluation that included multiple data‐collection and information‐dissemination activities. Each local LSC project was required to have a project‐level evaluator, to collect information by using predesigned data‐collection instruments developed by HRI, and to report findings to the core evaluation on a regular basis. This case study describes the relationship between project‐level involvement in the LSC core evaluation and the use of the core evaluation by project leaders and evaluators. © Wiley Periodicals Inc., and the American Evaluation Association.


We present a method for the inclusion of finite width effects in the simulation of Beyond Standard Model (BSM) physics. In order to test the validity of the method we compare our results with matrix elements for a range of production and decay processes in the Standard Model, Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) and Minimal Universal Extra Dimensions model (MUED). This procedure has been implemented in the Herwig++ event generator and will be available in a forthcoming release.


Enhancing single-channel speech corrupted by wind noise has proven to be a difficult topic due to the complex characteristics of wind noise. Methods that assume a stationary or quasistationary noise source are ineffective against wind noise due to its nonstationarity and unpredictability. In contrast, the new method proposed works by finding the elements of the signal that are speech-like and suppressing the noise. This method takes advantage of the harmonic nature of speech by using a coherent modulation comb filter. Traditionally, very high-order IIR filters have potentially crippling stability constraints, but the proposed method bypasses these constraints by using coherent demodulation to filter harmonic subsets with lower-order filters. Potential applications for this research include mobile phones, audio production software, and as a front-end for automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems.


Seawater is a corrosive material.If measures are note taken to protect marine reinforced concrete structures,they will suffer from serious corrosion.This paper introduces the latest relevant research results and discusses protective techniques of marine reinforced concrete structures.


We have evaluated methods in which glucose oxidase is used to determine serum glucose with the "AutoAnalyzer-II" and "SMA 12/60" (Technicon). A glucose oxidase—peroxidase—dianisidine procedure with improved specificity developed during this study is described. The glucose value is unaffected by the presence of 16 mg of uric acid per deciliter, and the system is highly resistant to interference from many other reducing compounds added to serum. The method appears to give "true glucose" values for normal, hyperuricemic, and uremic subjects. Results are compared with those from the "GOD-Perid," glucose oxidase—peroxidase—MBTH—DMA, hexokinase, toluidine, ferricyanide, and SMA 12/60 neocuproine techniques, as well as with those from our index of "true glucose," a procedure based on measurement of reducing material before and after treatment with glucose oxidase. Specificity and performance of the glucose oxidase—peroxidase—dianisidine and glucose oxidase—peroxidase—MBTH—DMA procedures are similar.


To enable 28 Gb/s transceiver operation, Xilinx has employed many innovative techniques for circuits, packaging and systems. Virtex®-7 HT FPGAs are designed to use Stacked Silicon Interconnect (SSI) technology that relies on an interposer built on low loss package substrate material. Channel loss, reflection loss and crosstalk noise are critical factors in determining system performance at this very high speed. The new concept of SSI in an FPGA device will be introduced. The interposer includes a significant number of TSVs (Through Silicon Vias) for the high speed signals. Technology requirements and manufacturing processes to support 28Gb/s SerDes application will be presented. It is imperative that the signal path including the interposer is accurately modeled over the high frequency operating range by considering all those requirements before design optimization. Detailed design optimization for the interposer has been performed to find optimum design rules by taking into consideration manufacturability and parasitic effects of the TSV's from DC to high frequency, which can cause major performance degradation. We will also introduce a package design methodology for 28Gb/s SerDes signal support. The package material selection to minimize dielectric loss and trace design to minimize copper/surface roughness loss for the package substrate is very important. In addition, the design topologies to minimize signal loss, reflection loss and crosstalk will be presented. Package and PCB design co-optimization is very important to minimize reflections from solder ball interface. Any single mismatch in the very high speed system can result in the significant closure of the eye diagram. Once full channel analysis has been performed including the optimized silicon interposer model on top of a low loss package substrate and PCB model, the simulation data is then compared to the measured 28Gb/s eye diagram, showing very good correlation. The proposed optimized channel system enables high performance signaling and great visibility of 28Gb/s SerDes enabled FPGA products.


This note describes a question that deals with nonholonomic systems, a subject that has been gradually fading away from textbooks and even treated somewhat incorrectly as holonomic.


The choice of a correct intervention strategy is conditioned by the complete understanding of the individual deficiencies of the structural and non-structural elements, their combined effect on the seismic behavior of the building, as well as the general deficiencies regarding strength, deformability, redundancy and structural regularity. Intervention measures must be correlated with the degree of damage (degradation) of the materials as a result of earthquakes incurred by the construction, other specific exploitation actions, differential land-fill or environmental factors. Intervention measures aim to eliminate or significantly reduce the deficiencies of the different nature of the structure and of the non-structural components. The study examined the possibilities of implementing the proposed strategies for the structural rehabilitation of the D1 building, as well as only two strategies, namely the reduction of the exploitation period and the consolidation of the building.


Iconicity,as an important branch of cognitive linguistics,is hotly discussed at home and abroad.Scholars not only develop its theoretical system but also study iconicity and its rhetoric function through poetry.Comparatively speaking,advertising English and its iconic phenomena have not received enough attention yet,especially in China.Therefore,this paper will focus on the sound iconicity in advertising English and study its rhetorical function and importance.


The Malliavin-Thalmaier formula was introduced in [4] for use in Monte-Carlo simulation. But when this formula is applied directly for computer simulation, we show that it is unstable. We propose an approximation of the Malliavin-Thalmaier formula. First we prove the central limit theorem to obtain the values of the parameters in Monte-Carlo simulations which achieves a prescribed error level. To prove it, we need the order of the bias and variance of the approximation error. Next we give an idea of the optimal approximation parameter and constants, which is often used in the kernel density estimation method. Finally we apply the MalliavinThalmaier formula and the approximated version to some models in finance and compare their results.


The negative effects of a commonly applied systemic insecticide, neonicotinoid, on the honey bee Apis mellifera L. are of great concern worldwide, as the use of the chemical is expanding. Recently, special attention has been paid to the sublethal effects of insecticides. An increasing number of studies has identified sublethal effects on the honey bee in the laboratory or in experimental cages, but so far, few studies have examined sublethal effects in the field. To reveal sublethal effects under field conditions, I examined whether the proportion of successful homing flights by foraging honey bees during 30 min after release decreased after bees were topically exposed to insecticides. Honey bees were treated with two types of neonicotinoid insecticide (clothianidin, dinotefuran) and two types of previously common insecticide (etofenprox [pyrethroid] and fenitrothion [organophosphate]) at five different doses (one-half, one-fourth, one-tenth, one-twentieth, and one-fortieth of their median lethal dose - LD50). Then the bees were released 500 m from their hives in the field. The proportions of successful homing flights by bees exposed to neonicotinoids and pyrethroid decreased with doses of one-tenth LD50 (2.18 ng/ head for clothianidin, 7.5 ng/ head for dinotefuran) or more and one-fourth LD50 (32.5 ng/ head for pyrethroid) or more, respectively, whereas bees exposed to organophosphate did not significantly show a response at any sublethal dose though the trend in decline appeared to. Flight times were not significantly different among treatments at any dose. These results indicate that neonicotinoid and pyrethroid exposure reduced successful homing flights at doses far below the LD50 in the field. Moreover, neonicotinoid caused reductions at relatively lower exposure than pyrethroid.


The objective of this article is to investigate Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), wireless connections, and security protocols utilized in this network context. VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) is a technique that allows you to make phone calls via the Internet without using an analog phone system. The Voice over Wireless service was developed in early 2003 and was used in locations with many employees, such as hospitals, factories, and office buildings, where employees contact each other through Voice over Wireless LAN services that do not involve an additional management cost.


For any positive integer n, the Smarandache power function SP(n) is defined as the smallest positive integer m such that...


The article deals with the theoretic, methodic, ontological and axiological problems of judicial globalization. For the first time the problem of the constitutional aspect of judicial globalization in the framework of inter-state integration is given a lime-light and its impact upon the formation and development of the up-to-date constitutionalism is viewed.


This study aims to validate a screw joint simulation model used by BAE Systems in LS-DYNA during blast simulations. It is important that the screw joint simulation model is physically correct, sinc ...


FIELD: information technology. SUBSTANCE: invention describes a transmission power control (TPC) method and device for a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU). Direct communication line control information (DCI) is received by a receiver. The DCI includes return communication line scheduling information and TPC information. The transmission power level is determined for the physical channel of the return communication line by a processor. The determined power level is based on at least the loss coefficient in the channel, which is regulated in response to TPC information and losses measured in the channel. The information is then transmitted by a transmitter over the physical channel of the return communication line based on scheduling information and the determined transmission power level. EFFECT: design of an improved return communication line TPC scheme, which is flexible and adaptive to dynamic parametres of the system, line and channel conditions. 15 cl, 2 dwg


Objective To aralyze the speciation of trace elements in Morinda officinalis.Methods 13 trace elements in the drug material as well as the respective dissolved rates in the decoction were measured by ICP-MS.Sub-speciation of 9 trace elements in the decoction was also analyzed,including the soluble state,suspended state,both the n-C8H17OH-soluble and water-soluble states in the n-C8H17OH-water extraction system.Results Different kinds of trace elements were found in the Morinda officinalis in which the richest is,in turn,Mn,Fe,Zn,Pb and Cu.The size of the dissolved rate did not depend on the content of trace element in the drug material.About 9 trace elements in the decoction,Se,Mn and Co existed mainly in the soluble speciation while the rest 6 ones mainly in the suspended speciation.It was found that the content of Se,Fe,Pb and Cu,Cd under the pH of intestinal juice was relatively higher while the others relatively lower in the n-C8H17OH-soluble speciation.It proved that Kow value of each trace element is influenced by different pH Values.The ICP-MS analytical methord is highly linear,accurate as well as dependable.Conclusion Different kinds of life elements have been found in the Morinda officinalis.The size of the dissolved rate depend on the elemental speciation in the drug material.The distribution of the soluble state and suspended state,is probably related to the elemental speciation and the characteristic of decoction.The distribution of the n-C8H17OH-soluble and water-soluble states must be contacted to the components and the stability of with which the elements combine.


In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has posed challenges to the law - be it self-driving cars [1], auto-diagnostics [2], or DABUS, the AI inventor [3]. The law has been slow to catch up, but some solutions have been presented in global governance initiatives. However, these solutions are not without their challenges. Thus, a potential solution examined in this research is that of legal personhood for AI systems. The central question being whether there are compelling moral and legal reasons to grant some AI systems a degree of legal personhood. Within the global regulatory landscape, this position is heavily critiqued and labelled as ethically undesirable. However, this research contends that: (1) there may be moral reasons to grant specific AI with a sui generis form of legal personhood; and (2) there are strong legal rationales to endow some AI with a form of legal personhood. In terms of argument (1), this research finds that: (a) the debate in this area is largely unrepresentative of African philosophical thought. African philosophical thought tends to prize relationality (Metz, Eze, and Menketi) at its core; and (b) within this communitarian framework, this research finds that African philosophical thought may allow for some AI systems to be both subjects and objects of relationships. In terms of argument (2), this research contends that there are other important legal values for endowing some AI systems with legal personhood - such as legal efficiency, market efficiency, legal certainty, and accountability. The examples referred to which support this contention are: (i) AI inventiveness and creativity in intellectual property (IP) law; and (ii) liability in the instance where AI is an actor in healthcare. Furthermore, the strict liability route, as suggested by the European Union (EU), is problematic [5], especially for lower- middle-income countries (LMICs), such as South Africa. LMICs have smaller economies and often struggle with healthcare services, thus it is imperative that there exists an enabling environment for innovation. For this, LMICs regulatory regimes need to be more 'friendly' to developers and deployers of AI. As such, there is an imperative for out-of-the box legal solutions to these novel problems.


A system for the detection of wing icing by monitoring variations in flexural waves transmitted through the outer plate material of an aircraft airfoil. The flexural waves in the plate of the wing airfoil are more subject to variation from the accumulation of ice on the wing than the compressional waves. The flexural waves are detected apart from the compressional waves, which tend to remain relatively constant, to provide an indication of icing. Changes in amplitude, phase or dispersion characteristics of the flexural waves are detected to indicate ice buildup, and, in one embodiment, these values are ratioed to the corresponding levels in the compressional wave in order to provide compensation for variations other than ice buildup. The ultrasonic waves may be coupled directly from a transducer to the airfoil plate or via an ultrasonic waveguide interposed between the transducer and the plate. The receiver for the ultrasonic waves to be detected may be positioned to receive direct flexural waves transmitted over a distance through the plate or flexural waves reflected from reflecting boundaries in the plate.


In nonexcitable cells, Ca 2 (cid:1) entry is mediated predominantly through the store depletion-dependent Ca 2 (cid:1) channels called store-operated Ca 2 (cid:1) (SOC) or Ca 2 (cid:1) release-activated Ca 2 (cid:1) channels. YM-58483, a pyrazole derivative, inhibited an anti-CD3 mAb-induced sustained Ca 2 (cid:1) influx in acute T cell leukemia, Jurkat cells. But it did not affect an anti-CD3 mAb-induced transient intracellular Ca 2 (cid:1) increase in Ca 2 (cid:1) -free medium, nor anti-CD3 mAb-induced phosphorylation of phospholipase C (cid:2) 1. It was suggested that YM-58483 inhibited Ca 2 (cid:1) influx through SOC channels without affecting the TCR signal transduction cascade. Furthermore, YM-58483 inhibited thapsigargin-induced sustained Ca 2 (cid:1) influx with an IC 50 value of 100 nM without affecting membrane potential. YM-58483 inhibited by 30-fold the Ca 2 (cid:1) influx through SOC channels compared with voltage-operated Ca 2 (cid:1) channels, while econazole inhibited both SOC channels and voltage-operated Ca 2 (cid:1) channels with an equivalent range of IC 50 values. YM-58483 potently inhibited IL-2 production and NF-AT-driven promoter activity, but not AP-1-driven promoter activity in Jurkat cells. Moreover, this compound inhibited delayed-type hypersensitivity in mice with an ED 50 of 1.1 mg/kg. Therefore, we concluded that YM-58483 was a novel store-operated Ca 2 (cid:1) entry blocker and a potent immunomodulator, and could be useful for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammation. Furthermore, YM-58483 would be a candidate for the study of capacitative Ca 2 (cid:1) entry mechanisms through SOC/CRAC channels and for identification of putative Ca 2 (cid:1) channel genes.


We have generated a highly polarized ($P=0.48\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02$) intense (5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{5}$/sec) beam of "slow" ($\ensuremath{\Delta}E\ensuremath{\sim}2$ ev) positrons (${e}^{+}$) and shown that it is possible to achieve polarization as high as $P=0.69\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04$ with reduced intensity. The measured polarization of the slow ${e}^{+}$ emitted by five different positron moderators showed no dependence on the moderator atomic number (2s$Z$). This allows us to conclude that only source positrons with final kinetic energy below 17 keV contribute to the slow-${e}^{+}$ beam, in disagreement with recent yield functions derived from low-energy measurements. Measurements of polarization and yield with absorbers of different $Z$ between the source and moderator show the effects of the energy and angular distributions of the source positrons on $P$. The depolarization of fast positrons transmitted through high-$Z$ absorbers has been measured. Applications of polarized slow- ${e}^{+}$ beams are discussed.


The inspection principle of reinforcing bar in c oncrete structure is elaborated. The application of ZBL-R620 concrete and reinf orcing bar inspection equipment produced by Beijing ZBL Science Technolog y Co. Ltd. is introduced in order to provide references for further study.


ABSTRACT A cognitive and a guidance dimension can describe the support of students' conceptual understanding in inquiry-based science education. The role of guidance for student learning has been intensively discussed. Furthermore, inquiry learning may pose particular challenges to students with low language proficiency. The present intervention in primary school (54 teachers, 1,070 students) aimed to examine the effects of additional guidance. Therefore, the control group uses a science unit mainly addressing the cognitive dimension of inquiry. In the 3 treatment groups, this unit was enriched with guidance through scaffolding instructional discourse, formative assessment, or peer-assisted learning. The results (43 teachers, 873 students) confirm that in each intervention condition, students' conceptual understanding significantly improves. In the formative assessment group, students' mean conceptual understanding is higher than in the control group. Moreover, formative assessment and scaffolding instructional discourse provided particular support to the conceptual understanding of students with poor language proficiency.


A writer throws light on the darkest aspects of life and motivates the reader by projecting the human realities through their fictional characters. Success and failure are the part of impermanent life. Have we ever tried to analyze the struggles and challenges behind one's failure and success? In a patriarchal society, women have to undergo multiple struggles and challenges and require an indomitable spirit to quench her thirst of success. It is highly important to analyze the psychology of women in her loses and happiness. As a woman novelist, Shashi Deshpande novels mostly centered on Women's lives and their challenges to survive in the Indian society. The female protagonist in Small Remedies has gone through several loses and grief beyond her success. Other women characters also built their strong identity after crossing all the barriers and awakening the collective consciousness.


To describe the thermal biology of Anolis marmoratus, a species living without congeners, we obtained 29 samples of air and body temperatures. Mean body temperatures (range 9.9°) differ from locality to locality, among habitats within localities, and during the day. Strong correlation of mean body with mean air temperatures among samples suggests that these lizards are routinely passive to ambient conditions. Indeed, short—term thermoregulatory behaviors such as basking and regulation of times of activity are rarely used by individuals in most populations. Nonetheless, evidence of habitat selection at one locality suggests that these anoles have long—term thermal preferences. The broad thermal niche of A. mamoratus seems primarily due to individual eurythermy rather than to populational differentiation. The general passivity of this and some other anoles may be an adaptation to life in tropical forests, where careful thermoregulation is disadvantageous. See full-text article at JSTOR


This article states that most of the countries in the world have provide the accused with the privilege of silence and meanwhile laid down certain restrictions but points out that, though such practice is inexorable, China is not yet ready to adopt it at the moment.


Current chemical EOR technologies, such as surfactant polymer flooding, have limitations, such as, high temperature, high salinity, and/or low permeability reservoirs. Low tension foam flooding, however, can be performed at high or low temperatures, salinities, and permeabilities. Low tension foam reduces residual oil saturation and increases sweep efficiency. The current literature shows the effect of foam in corefloods and limited 2-D micro-model experiments. We investigate the ability of low-tension foams to successfully divert flow into lower permeability zones in both communicating and non-communicating heterogeneous systems.
 During this laboratory study, a surfactant that has shown success for foam applications in the field was evaluated and used as a baseline to compare and evaluate low tension foam formulations. We measured resistance factors under constant pressure and constant flow conditions. In addition, we established benchmarks for flow diversion. The low-tension formulations were modified to display foaming abilities and compared against the baseline surfactant benchmarks. Phase behavior experiments were conducted to determine the oil solubilization ratio of each surfactant formulation. Foam floods with surfactant formulations with favorable solubilization ratios were conducted in heterogeneous systems to determine sweep efficiency and oil recovery.
 Surfactant formulations were developed that showed favorable apparent viscosities during in situ foam floods and improved sweep efficiency in a dual-permeability communicating system comparable to the baseline foam. During oil recovery experiments in a heterogeneous system, the baseline surfactant recovered approximately 40% of the remaining oil while the low-tension formulation recovered over 70% of the remaining oil. This study indicates that we can use low tension foams to successfully divert flow from high permeability zones to low permeability zones in heterogeneous sand packs and recover oil at the same time.


Purpose: We evaluated the effects of gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) on the overall image quality and lesion contrast of T2-weighted images (T2WI). Materials and Methods: We reviewed T2WI before and after Gd-EOB-DTPA enhancement in 50 patients with 41 focal liver lesions. Pre- and post-contrast T2WI were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. For the qualitative analysis, two abdominal radiologists, blinded to other findings in the study, retrospectively scored the image quality, lesion conspicuity, and artifacts. The quantitative analysis involved the measurement of the liver signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the lesion-to-liver contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). Results: Image quality and lesion conspicuity were not significantly different among the respiratory-triggered T2-weighted turbo spin-echo sequence (T2TSE), Half-fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin-echo (HASTE) sequence, and breath-hold T2-weighted gradient recalled-echo (GRE) sequences. However, there was a trend toward improved lesion conspicuity in post-contrast T2TSE. The quantitative analysis indicated that the SNR for post-contrast images was significantly higher than for pre-contrast images on T2TSE (p=0.04). No significant differences were seen in the CNR of focal lesions, but there was a trend towards an increase in the CNR for postcontrast T2WI of hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusion: Compared to pre-contrast T2WI, post-contrast T2WI showed no handicap in the overall image quality and lesion contrast. Therefore, to shorten the total scan time during Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI, pre-contrast T2WI can be replaced by post-contrast T2WI.


Chemical Grid is a collaborative grid platform based on CGSP (China Grid Support Platform) and provides a grid computing environment for various chemical applications. On this platform we constructed a knowledge service architecture using Semantic Web technology, in particular RDF (Resource Description Framework), to integrate heterogeneous chemical information, generate domain knowledge and provide knowledge service for researchers. Furthermore, we designed a Chemical Knowledge Representation Model consisting of a stack of languages, and brought out a RDF/S-Graph model to represent semantic property and relationships of these data. All extracted chemical domain knowledge, i.e. RDF data and service mechanism compose a Semantic Grid, which is an experience on grid computing platform and is a innovative effort of the Semantic Web.


Mobile ad-hoc network is a self-governing network, consists of group of nodes that communicates with each other through wireless links. As it is a wireless network, so it is subjected to various attacks. There is one attack which is very dangerous called Sybil attack. In Sybil attack, attackers or malicious nodes uses multiple identities to disrupt the communication between the nodes by capturing necessary and important information and creating misunderstandings between the nodes. In this paper some measures are described to prevent Sybil attack.


Although the various aspects of education for international understanding independent individualized best: education for human rights, democracy, disarmament, for tolerance, for the development of man's environment and interculturalism. Also, there are concepts such as multi-ethnic and global education, which correlated with intercultural education. To understand the difference between a multi-ethnic and multi-cultural education, it is necessary to mention the basic characteristics: knowledge of the values of each ethnic group: familiarization major ethnic groups with other groups elements culture, their understanding and respect; enriching students with the knowledge and skills for activities within the profession and contouring general culture; minimization of discrimination and segregation between ethnic groups in schools and society.


This guide covers the topics in the subject of computer science How do you get started doing research in Computer Science? This is a quick overview of what you need to know.


Antimicrobial resistance is widely recognized as a serious global public health problem. To combat this threat, a thorough understanding of bacterial genomes is necessary. The current wide availability of bacterial genomes provides us with an in-depth understanding of the great variability of dispensable genes and their relationship with antimicrobials. Some of these accessory genes are those involved in CRISPR-Cas systems, which are acquired immunity systems that are present in part of bacterial genomes. They prevent viral infections through small DNA fragments called spacers. But the vast majority of these spacers have not yet been associated with the virus they recognize, and this has been named CRISPR dark matter (spacers without associated recognized sequence). By analyzing the spacers of tens of thousands of genomes from six bacterial species highly resistant to antibiotics, we have been able to reduce the CRISPR dark matter from 80-90% to 15% in some cases. In addition, we have observed that, when a genome presents CRISPR-Cas systems, this is accompanied by particular collections of membrane proteins. Our results suggest that when a bacterium presents membrane proteins that make it compete better in its environment, and these proteins are in turn receptors for specific phages, it would be forced to acquire CRISPR-Cas immunity systems to avoid infection by these phages.


The paper considers the well‐aired problem of the seller of a single‐issue evening newspaper who has to decide how many copies to order each day. A mathematical model is constructed, and solved with the aid of material normally covered near the start of courses in probability and statistics. The author's concern is, not so much to encourage paper‐sellers to make more profit, as to help pupils, through their teachers, to see some purpose in their early statistical studies. Suggestions are made for extending the basic problem to provide topics for further study as pupils become better acquainted with the subject.


Several aspects of social psychological science shed light on how unexamined racial/ethnic biases contribute to health care disparities. Biases are complex but systematic, differing by racial/ethnic group and not limited to love-hate polarities. Group images on the universal social cognitive dimensions of competence and warmth determine the content of each group's overall stereotype, distinct emotional prejudices (pity, envy, disgust, pride), and discriminatory tendencies. These biases are often unconscious and occur despite the best intentions. Such ambivalent and automatic biases can influence medical decisions and interactions, systematically producing discrimination in health care and ultimately disparities in health. Understanding how these processes may contribute to bias in health care can help guide interventions to address racial and ethnic disparities in health.


Credit is a financial facility that allows a person or business entity to borrow money to purchase the product and repay it within the specified time period.  UU No.10 of 1998 states that credit is the provision of money or bills that can be equalized, based on the agreement or lending and borrowing agreements between banks with other parties that require the borrower to repay his debt after a certain period of time with the giving of interest. Currently, credit facilities become the main source of consumer financing in buying goods. In addition there are also consumers who are classified as having enough income to purchase in cash, but choose on credit because there are other needs that must be met. Associated with the cost of most consumers make purchases on credit are consumers who are classified as having middle class income. The process of giving credit to consumers is not easy, because it must consider various factors. The purpose of this research is to make decision support system in determining consumer factor in doing credit goods. Case study conducted by researchers is PT. ADIRA Dinamika Multi Finance Tbk pematangsiantar branch. The method used in this research is Analitycal Hierarch y Process (AHP) method that can give the best ranking order. So as to produce criteria with the highest weights that can be used as consideration for decision makers to be used in decision making. It is expected that this research can contribute to the company in assessing the biggest factor of consumers in choosing goods credits.


Chudlelgh PM,Chitty LS, Pembrey M & Campbell S (2001) Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol17; 197-202 This study was a large, prospective multicentre study to determine the incidence and association of mild renal pelvic dilatation with aneuploidy in an unselected population. There were 737 fetuses with mild pyelectasis of which 12 had an abnormal karyotype. In three cases of Downs syndrome renal pelvic dilatation was isolated. In one of these cases there was advanced maternal age (36 years). All of the fetuses were between 16 and 26 weeks gestation with unilateral or bilateral renal pelvic dilatation. Renal pelvic dilatation was defined as 5mm up to and including 10mm. The conclusion from the study confirms that mild renal pelvic dilatation in the fetus increases the risk of aneuploidy, in particular trisomy 21. However the authors recognise that the risk of aneuploidy is small in isolated cases of renal pelvic dilatation. Any fetus with pyelectasis should have a detailed scan looking for other markers of aneuploidy. APMS


This article introduced the structure and properties of zinc concentrate ore drying rotary kiln;discussed the cause of failure in zinc smelt process,contrast of the running status under the former and the new scheme which was put forward by the author and the feasibility and economical of the new scheme were proved.


The cDNA library of Fungi (E-20) were constructed using the SMARTIM cDNA library construction lit. After having constructed the cDNA library, the titer and kthe recombination rate of the unamplified library were detected and then amplified. Then, ten clones were selected randomly and sequenced. the titer and the recomination rate of the unamplified library were about 1.0×10~(6). pfu/ml and 98.9 %, and the titer and the capacity of the amplified library were about 3×10~(8) pfu/ml and 4×10~(10). Tne expressed sequence taqs (ESTs) were gained from ten clones being sequenced. Blasting in the GenBank, one sample shows high homology with the data of NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (NuoC) gene. Accomplishment of this paper is an initial key work for building the resource information databank of the fungus (E-20).


Early initiation of breastfeeding can make babies feel comfortable. Mother's skin has the ability to adjust its temperature to the temperature needed by the baby. The baby will look more comfortable, calm, his heart is stable. However, some data show that breastfeeding is rarely done by mothers, an initial survey of 10 maternity mothers born in PMB Entik said that these mothers had never carried out bound attacks through IMD but they had tried to do IMD treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of effectiveness of Bounding attachment through Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (IMD) for Newborns at PMB Entik for the period of January - March 2022. The effectiveness of Bounding attachment through IMD on Newborns at PMB Entik was seen. The design of this research is quasi-experimental and inferential analysis test using Wilxoson match pairs test. Statistical testing with the Wilxocon test obtained an Asym.Sig value of 0.000 < from (0.05). This result indicates a good effectiveness of mothers who carry out bounding attachments through early initiation of breastfeeding for newborns. It is recommended that mothers be more active in carrying out bounding attachments so that direct contact with mothers and babies is even better.


Thank you very much for downloading infrared spectroscopy of adsorbed species on the surface of transition metal oxides. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look hundreds times for their chosen novels like this infrared spectroscopy of adsorbed species on the surface of transition metal oxides, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some malicious virus inside their desktop computer.


The primary objective of our research was to design an efficient way of compressing HTML documents, which will reduce Internet's traffic or will reduce storage requirements of HTML data. In our work we present the lossless HTML transform (LHT) aiming to improve lossless HTML compression in combination with existing general purpose compressors. The main components of our algorithm are: a static dictionary or a semi-static dictionary of frequent alphanumerical phrases, and binary encoding of popular patterns, like numbers, dates or IP addresses. Alphanumerical phrases are not limited to "words" in a conventional sense as they can be XML tags, XML entities, URL addresses, e-mails, and runs of spaces. We have developed two versions of LHT: static and semi-static. Both algorithms have some disadvantages. Static LHT uses a fixed English dictionary required for compression and decompression. Semi-static LHT does not support streams as input (offline compression) as it requires two passes over an input file. Semi-static LHT creates a dictionary in a first pass and stores it within the compressed file.


Realization problem for positive single-input single-output systems with delays in state vector and inputs described by the 2D models is addressed. Sufficient condition for the existence of a positive realization are established and a procedure for finding a positive realization for a given proper transfer function is proposed. The procedure is illustrated by a numerical example.


In this note we show that the pagenumber of an N-free planar lattice is at most two. We use that to show that the pagenumber of N-free planar ordered sets which contain no covering four-cycle is at most two.


Objectives: This study was performed in order to devise a procedure for supplementing the Special Management Materials in the Occupational Safety and Health Act and recommend candidate materials. The results are expected to be used as fundamental data for classification and criteria necessary to manage Special Management Materials in workplaces. Also, they are expected to be used as a basis for selecting target materials to nominate as additional Special Management Material. Methods: We investigated the selection standards for candidates and review ranges of data sources to nominate Special Management Materials. The substances classified as GHS(Globally Harmonized System of classification and labeling of chemicals) category 1A(known to have carcinogenic potential and reproductive toxicity for humans) or 1B(presumed to have carcinogenic potential and reproductive toxicity for humans) carcinogens and reproductive toxicants among the Controlled Hazardous Substances of the Regulation on Occupational Safety and Health Standards and substances with OELs(Occupational Exposure Limits) were inspected as the candidates for Special Management Materials. Conclusions: A seven-step procedure for selecting candidates to designate as Special Management Materials was suggested, including the setting of target chemicals for evaluation, classification of CMR(Carcinogens, Mutagens or Reproductive toxicants) by GHS classification and criteria, suggestion and selection of the candidates, and more. This study recommends 58 chemicals as qualified candidates to supplement the Special Management Materials.


The Toraja ethnic community has a unique culture that was passed down from a predecessor generation and is still maintained today. One of the cultural uniqueness is the tradition of establishing a simbuang (menhir) in the implementation of ritual ceremonies, especially in the ceremony of the death of the nobility that is marked as the ritual ceremony. The question is what the role of the establishment of the simbuang in the procession of the death ceremony for the Toraja people. The research method was carried out using survey and interview techniques with ethnoarchaeological approach. The results of this study provide an explanation that the nature of the establishment of the simbuang at Rante during the rapasan ceremony is a sign for a deceased figure who will become a media of respect by his children and grandchildren and the relatives he left behind. When the ceremony of the ceremony is placed in a place of symbol (rante), the symbols that stand in the rante are considered as the embodiment of the ancestors who need to receive certain treatment such as respect, given offerings, a place to bind the buffalo symbolically to be offered, and even as a medium for worship of ancestors, as stipulated in the aluk to dolo belief.


The penetration increase reached in TIG welding by applying active flux on the workpiece surface, unfolding a process namely A-TIG, presents a version of applying the flux aside of the final weld bead. This technique known as FBTIG (Flux Bonded TIG) is claimed to achieve the same benefits of penetration enhancement of the A-TIG process (with the flux spread over the final bead), but with a better quality of the bead surface, i.e, lower presence of slag formed from the flux. Although its high technological importance, the FBTIG is not fully understood, especially the mechanisms behind the penetration increase. Therefore, in order to contribute to the understanding of this mechanism, a series of runs were performed on austenitic stainless steel, while the weld pool was filmed by a dedicated vision system capable of getting rid of the arc light and imaging only the weld pool, electrode, workpiece and formed bead. Also the electrical signals (voltage and current) were acquired. From the analyses, it is possible to conclude that the flux acts as an insulation barrier, interfering in the arc magnetic/electrical field. This feature constricts the arc, increasing the electromagnetic force and, therefore, the plasma jet, which, in turn, leads to the penetration enhancement. It is also shown that this mechanism does not take place in the A-TIG welding.


To evaluate whether gynecologic surgical trainees (fellows) can become competent in the real‐time classification of the pouch of Douglas (POD) obliteration state and direct visualization of bowel deep endometriosis (DE) during a program with a prespecified number of transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) examinations.


This paper establishes an anticipating stochastic differential equation of parabolic type for the expectation of the solution of a stochastic differential equation conditioned on complete knowledge of the path of one of its components. Conversely, it is shown that any appropriately regular solution of this stochastic p.d.e. must be given by the conditional expectation. These results generalize the connection, known as the Feynman-Kac formula, between parabolic equations and expectations of functions of a diffusion. As an application, we derive an equation for the unnormalized smoothing law of a filtering problem with observation feedback.


While the world continues to evolve toward enhanced computer and Internet usage, the agricultural arena has been slower to follow. The objective of this survey was to examine the computer utilization practices of cowcalf producers through a nationwide mail survey. By understanding the demographics of today's producers, as well as if and how they are using their personal computers and the Internet, the industry can work toward educating producers about the benefits of this technology.


Social work has its scientific frames of reference as well in the educational systems as in the sociopolitical discourse. In terms of social policy, the social services, organized by the institutions of Social Work, are responsible for thet segment of the social infrastructure which refers to the social and personal problems caused by social disintegration in the course of the modern division of labor. In this context, Social Work organizes social support, arranges help and teaches competences of coping. The present article will describe these sociopolitical relations of Social Work and give reasons for its scientific autonomy and peculiarity


Summary Purpose of the study is to analyze the requirements for the construction of modern small poultry farms for keeping poultry of various species. Research methods. Analytical studies devoted to the requirements for the construction of small poultry farms were conducted based on available scientific and informational reports by means of an analysis of the current state of this problem in European countries. Results. It was noted that during the construction of small poultry farms, it is important to comply with the requirements for the placement of poultry, depending on the available land in the farm and the dimensional characteristics of buildings for keeping poultry. Research in the conditions of a poultry farm was analyzed, with a comparison of different types of bedding materials. The main trends in the construction of small poultry farms were noted: the placement of poultry depending on the available land in the farm and the dimensional characteristics of the buildings; small hangar-type buildings for keeping poultry; mobile poultry houses; the main method of keeping poultry is floor; cascading keeping of chickens on three levels; the floor in the poultry house must be waterproof; the slatted floor can occupy only a limited area of the poultry house; use of bedding materials, including non-traditional ones; calculation of the thermal balance of the building; organic production of poultry products; landscaping of walking areas for birds. Conclusions. The analysis of the requirements for the construction of modern small poultry farms testified that in European countries with developed poultry farming there is a constant process of improving buildings for keeping poultry in order to effectively manage the industry and obtain high-quality products. The materials presented in the publication will be useful in the future for the development of design solutions for buildings for keeping poultry of various species. Key words: poultry, geese, turkeys, ducks, chickens, poultry farming.


Silicon dioxide (SiO2) is one of the most widely used in various optical system as film material. The micro-structure and defects of SiO2 films are of great importance to the functions and performance of these optical systems. In this paper, the absorption edge characteristics of single layer SiO2 films prepared by electron beam evaporation, ion assisted deposition, and magnetron sputtering are investigated in detail via calculating their absorption edge spectrum, which is divided into three regions: the strong absorption, exponential absorption, and weak absorption regions. The bandgap, Urbach tail, and concentration of oxygen deficiency centers (ODC) are obtained by analyzing the measured absorption spectrum. By analyzing the bandgap, Urbach tail, and ODC data of SiO2 films prepared with different deposition techniques and annealed at different temperatures, the atomic arrangement as well as micro-defect information of SiO2 films are obtained and compared. Such information of SiO2 films are important to the preparation of high-performance optical coatings employing SiO2 as the low refractive index material.


This note is the first report of Syntomopus parisii De Santis 1976 and Leptomeraporus sp. (Hymenoptera, Pteromalidae) simultaneously parasitizing Melanagromyza sojae Zehntner, 1900 (Diptera, Agromyzidae) in Brazil. The Pteromalidae parasitoids are natural enemies of stem miner flies, opening perspectives for biological control of soybean stem miner fly.


The utility model discloses a special-purpose testing tool used for a support. The special-purpose testing tool includes a fixed bottom board provided with a fixing block used for fixing a face board. A detection block used for detecting a support connecting piece is arranged in the opposite of the fixing block. The detection block includes a protrusion part protruding outward. The lower end face of the protruding part is a step face. When using, the support is installed in the testing tool and the face board of the support is connected to the fixing block. Whether the support meets design requirements or not is detected through the detection block.


We study the open and closed embedding dimensions of a convex 3-sparse code $\mathcal{FP}$, which records the intersection pattern of lines in the Fano plane. We show that the closed embedding dimension of $\mathcal{FP}$ is three, and the open embedding dimension is between four and six, providing the first example of a 3-sparse code with closed embedding dimension three and differing open and closed embedding dimensions. We also investigate codes whose canonical form is quadratic, i.e. ``degree two"codes. We show that such codes are realizable by axis-parallel boxes, generalizing a recent result of Zhou on inductively pierced codes. We pose several open questions regarding sparse and low-degree codes. In particular, we conjecture that the open embedding dimension of certain 3-sparse codes derived from Steiner triple systems grows to infinity.


RÉSUMÉ George A. Maul a, Francis Williams b, Mitchell Roffer b, Fatima M. Sousa e a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Atlantic Oceanographie and Meteorological Laboratory, and Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA. b Division of Biology and Living Resources, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA. c Oceanography Group, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. Received 16/8/83, in revised form 27/3/84, accepted 5/4/84. Data from the Japanese longline bluefin fishery in the Gulf of Mexico for 1979 and 1980 were combined with in situ oceanographie data from four research cruises and several ship-of-opportunity XBT transects, and with infrared and visible ssatellite imagery from GOES, TIROS-n, and NIMBUS-7. Catch per unit effort, CPUE, for Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus thynnus) in 1979 was approximately one third that in 1980 and appears to be associated with the area fished. Using GOES infrared data, the boundary of the Gulf Loop Current was located and compared with the CPUE; the high 1980 catch was correlated with proximity to the surface thermal front of the current and appears to reflect a change in fishing strategy between years. Correlations with other environmental factors such as sea surface temperature, temperature differences, time (spectral estimates), and configuration of the Loop Current, were generally inconclusive. Polar orbiting satellite data, with at most twice-per-day observations, provided very few useful current boundary locations whereas GOES, with its hourly imagery schedule for oceanographie features, allowed comparisons almost every day during the fishing season. Operational application of satellite data to fisheries oceanography in the tropics and sub-tropics requires the high imaging frequency of geostationary vehicles because of cloud abundance, separation, and advection rates. Oceanol. Acta, 1984, 7, 4, 469-479. Télédétectiop de structures océanographiques et variabilité de la capture du thon rouge dans le Golfe du Mexique Les données de la pêcherie japonaise de thon rouge dans le Golfe du Mexique pendant 1979 et 1980 ont été combinées avec les données in situ de quatre campagnes océanographiques et de plusieurs sections XBT de navires volontaires, et avec des images des satellites GOES, TIROS-n et NIMBUS-7 dans le visible et l'infrarouge. La capture par unité d'effort (CPUE) du thon rouge de l'Atlantique (Thunnus thynnus thynnus) a été, en 1979, d'un tiers de celle de 1980, et semble associée à l'étendue de la région de pêche. En utilisant la bande infrarouge du satellite GOES, la frontière du courant «Gulf Loop »a été localisée et comparée avec le CPUE; corrélées avec la proximité du front thermique superficiel du courant, les grandes captures de 1980 semblent indiquer une modification dans la stratégie de pêche d'une année à l'autre. Des corrélations avec d'autres paramètres environnementaux comme la température superficielle de la mer, les gradients thermiques et de l'évolution temporelle (spectres) de la configuration du courant« Gulf Loop »,n'ont généralement pas été concluantes. Les données du satellite d'orbite polaire, avec ses deux passages par jour au maximum, ont fourni très peu d'information sur la localisation des limites du « Gulf Loop »; O.A. 0399-1784/84/04 469 11/S 3.1 0/(èl Gauthier-Villars 469