In an effort to uncover some of the determinants of self-handicapping, male and female introductory psychology students chose to listen to either facilitating or interfering music prior to taking a test described either as a valid or an invalid predictor of academic success. In addition, half of the subjects were led to believe that a preexisting distracter, or handicap, was already present in the environment whereas the remainder were not. Results revealed that self-handicapping occurred in anticipation of an important task, but only when there was no preexisting handicap. Attributions for success and failure revealed a clear self-serving bias, replicating earlier work. The results are discussed in terms of the attributional and practical utility of convenient excuses versus self-generated self-handicaps.


Abstract A classical result of M. Zorn states that a finite group is nilpotent if and only if it satisfies an Engel condition. If this is the case, it satisfies almost all Engel conditions. We shall give a similar description of the class of p-soluble groups of p-length one by a sequence of commutator identities.


As reconfirmed through a recent series of disasters, such as the Great East Japan Earthquake, interruption of the power supply causes serious problems in civic life, life at evacuation sites, and medical institutions in the stricken area. Even though the power supply was restored relatively quickly in past disasters, it is essential to minimize the period of power failure. Even in the case where a power grid fails in the event of a large-scale disaster covering a large area, such as an earthquake, there is a high probability that individual power generation and power storage units installed at various places, such as houses, public facilities, and microgrids, will escape damage. Also, although the road network may become disconnected at some points, it is unlikely that all road sections become impassable. Thus, as emergency alternative means for supplying energy immediately after a disaster, it is presumably effective to achieve matching between the supply and demand of electricity through store-carry-forward of electricity, without depending on the power grid, by using power generation and power storage units that have escaped damage in combination with mobile units having power generation and power storage capabilities, such as electric vehicles (EVs) and so on. With the aim of realizing alternative means for energy supply immediately after a disaster, in this paper, we propose an effective routing control method for store-carry-forward energy distribution, whose effectiveness we verified through numerical experiments.


A spatially power-combined CMOS SOI power amplifier at 94 GHz is reported. The CMOS chip contains a 2×4 array of pseudo-differential power amplifiers, and is integrated with a microstrip antenna array on a quartz superstrate. A 13-stage amplifier chain is implemented to provide gain, using stacked NFETs in a 45-nm CMOS SOI process. The amplifier array outputs a power of 24 dBm (250 mW) and the chip-quartz assembly radiates an equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of 33 dBm at 94 GHz. This is the highest radiated power reported from a Silicon CMOS active array transmitter at W-band, and the highest W-band output power from a single CMOS chip.


The hospital is a services company, where its products are produced intangible, and originate from the service providers which in this case is a clerk or we call HR. Job satisfaction nurse needs serious attention of the hospital management, because most nurses are employees and spearhead implementing nursing services. With the realization of job satisfaction of nurses is expected to create a better nursing care. Factors that influence job satisfaction in BRSUD Kab.Batang is a factor incentive compensation,leadership style and content of work, while work environment and promotion has no effect on job satisfaction Keywords: Job Satisfaction, Performance


The embodiment of the invention discloses a touch input processing method and a mobile terminal. The mobile terminal is a rectangular touch screen with one long side and one short side; the mobile terminal has two states, wherein the mobile terminal that only has the short side and is parallel to a horizontal plane is in a first state; and the mobile terminal that only has the long side and is parallel to the horizontal plane is in a second state. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a gesture with a first direction inputted by a pointing object on the touch screen through the touch screen when the mobile terminal is in the first state; triggering a first touch command according to the gesture with the first direction; obtaining a gesture with a second direction inputted by the pointing object on the touch screen through the touch screen when the mobile terminal is in the second state, wherein the first direction is the same as the second direction; and triggering the first touch command according to the gesture with the second direction. In the embodiment of the invention, a same operation command has a uniform operating gesture according to the self conversion of the mobile terminal, so that the experience of the user is improved.


Recently wireless sensor networks have become a growing area of research and development due to the tremendous number of applications that can greatly benefit from such systems. To keep up with this trend, it is important to have experimental platforms for analysis and verification, that are cost effective, flexible, and easy to use. In this project, we investigate the experimental use and evaluation of a Zigbee-based wireless sensor network platform. We begin by presenting the details of the hardware and system software used (e.g. MAC and routing) and a number of applications to exercise the various components. The applications include accelerometer-based location tracking of a mobile node, video surveilance, and multimedia appliance control. We also present several experimentally observed power consumption data, where applicable.


Nowadays, brain function evaluation using Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is one of the most potential non-invasive monitoring techniques. This paper concerns usefulness of the NIRS signals denoising using the Hemodynamic Evoked Response (HomER) as graphical user interface displays the NIRS data, fast independent component analysis (FASTICA) method to reduce data dimension and the combined Wavelet & PCA method for enhancing NIRS signals. NIRS signals include many types of noise, spread across a broad spectrum of frequencies, such as: low frequency noise from respiratory interference, 0.1 - 0.3 Hz, Mayer wave, about 0.1 Hz, cardiac interference, 0.8 - 2.0 Hz, and other artifacts from head and facial motions. Meanwhile, electronic components generate high frequency noise. Multi-resolution wavelet and PCA was applied successfully to enhance the NIRS signals. It consists of adaptively modifying the wavelet coefficients based on the degree of noise contamination of the processed NIRS signal. This is done subsequently to the signal pre-processing by reducing data dimension using the FASTICA method. We demonstrate, using signal-to-noise ratio and correlation indicators, that the technique used is superior to the wavelet and moving average filter and outperforms the proposed denoising NIRS signal.


Using the methods of literature,theoretical analysis etc.,it did research on the evolvement of ball-fan culture and construction of auditorium culture.The results reveal that ball-fan culture and auditorium culture are two different conceptions,but they presuppose the existence of each aspect and have a coordinated relation;evolvement of ball-fan culture in our country takes mental dimension as the dominant factor and is divided into bud stage, starting stage and developing stage separately of taking recreational consciousness,national consciousness and regional characteristics as the dominant factor and the developing tendency of taking organizational and individual consciousness of ball fans as the dominant factor;the factors influencing hall-fan culture and auditorium culture are divided into that of internal environment and that of external environment,their influential factors of external environment are common,while the internal influential factors of them are not the same;the development of ball- fan culture should be carried out mainly from the three dimensions of material,system and mind;the construction of auditorium culture is a course of long-term cultivation and creation,starts mainly with the two aspects of hard and soft environment and need to go through the constructional process of"mobilization,fulfillment,intensification and renovation.


An object of the present invention, looking eliminated to viewing angle dependence of the display color and the contrast ratio changes depending on the angle, can view a 3D image in each of the wide range of the liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal display devices and their method of manufacture, and a method of manufacturing the same to provide a halo hyangje used for. The present invention is characterized in that the phase difference film in a liquid crystal cell having therein, a retardation film, a plurality of regions the alignment direction different. And an alignment layer formed by the phase difference film, halo hyangje, is laminated on the alignment layer, a polymerizable has optical retardation expressed layer formed by the liquid crystal composition, wherein the alignment layer, the liquid crystal aligning capability of the optical phase difference expression layer to have, it is the optical phase difference expression layer, and has a plurality of regions formed by neunge liquid crystal alignment of the alignment layer.


Purchasing counterfeit products has been increasing over time, totaling billions of dollars. The primary purpose of this study is to provide a review on the factors underlying the purchase of counterfeit vs. original products. We provide a model showing the purchase of counterfeit products relies on a combination of both internal (consumer-related) factors and external (product-related) factors. Our review and model provide important information for reducing the purchase of counterfeit products. Importantly, we suggest that the use of relationship marketing techniques can help reduce the purchase of counterfeit products and increase brand loyalty. We further discuss future research studies to test the impact of using relationship marketing techniques on increasing the purchase of original products and brand loyalty.


This paper discusses the application of a simulation-based optimization technique in determining the optimal production strategy for a renewable resource. The technique has previously been applied to optimization involving non-renewable resources. It involves the use of the Sequential Simplex method to determine the parameters of a series approximation to the true optimal production strategy, with simulation to determine the profit associated with a given set of parameters. 8 references, 1 figure, 1 table.


Implementation of early foreign language learning in the national curriculum for primary education has been a significant and a popular issue among the language researchers, all the professionals involved in the process of early education and parents. The modern theories and research propose early foreign language learning in primary schools as highly beneficial, crucial and necessary in a sense of spontaneous language acquisition through simple and non-demanding tasks, which are primarily based on auditory perception and physical response as production. In contrast to popular approaches in early foreign language teaching, based on the relation between the tasks' difficulties and language acquisition, this thesis explores the connection and defines the importance of the attention span in relation to successful language acquisition, in comparison to the importance of the task difficulty. The research was carried out at the Primary School Ljubecna among the second and third grade students, who took part in the listening and reading comprehension examination, which was structured for attention observation and measurement purposes. Each group of the second and the third grade students took a listening and a reading comprehension test. The results and observations of the testing were shown to lead to accurate determinations of the attention influence on early language acquisition. This indicates that there is a possibility that the early reading and writing are not adverse to the process of early foreign language learning and foremost that difficulty of tasks is not in a directly proportional relation to perception and production, namely less demanding tasks are not necessarily completed more successfully than tasks that are more complex.


Document width linear image sensor arouse strong and wide interest as a compact image reading component for facsimile and other document readers. Among those, a-Si:H is excellent in stability and light sensitivity. The photosensing element of those sensors have a sandwich-like structure which consist of Cr/i-a-Si:H/ITO. In this structure, i-a-Si:H/ITO shows good shottky contact resulting high photo to dark current ratio and fast photoresponse. We have been developing linear image sensor of A4 and B4 size with resolutions of 8dot/mm and l6dot/mm and had applied successfully to facsimile and image input terminals.


Our input is a graph G = (V,E) where each vertex ranks its neighbors in a strict order of preference. The problem is to compute a matching in G that captures the preferences of the vertices in a popular way. Matching M is more popular than matching M′ if the number of vertices that prefer M to M′ is more than those that prefer M′ to M. The unpopularity factor of M measures by what factor any matching can be more popular than M. We show that G always admits a matching whose unpopularity factor is O(log |V |) and such a matching can be computed in linear time. In our problem the optimal matching would be a least unpopularity factor matching - we show that computing such a matching is NP-hard. In fact, for any e > 0, it is NP-hard to compute a matching whose unpopularity factor is at most 4/3 - e of the optimal.


Objective To observe the ofloxacin and levofloxacin drug resistance evolution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis,which will provide a reference standard for the development of clinical treatment programs.Method the patients with sputum positive came from Tianjin Haihe hospital out-patient and in-patient treatment in 2000,2005,2009.Through drug sensitivity test we got the ofloxacin and levofloxacin drug resistance about Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Results The history of using quinolone has 30%~60% in sensitive strains of untreated patients,the ofloxacin and levofloxacin drug resistance take on escalating trend.Re-treated patients are all using different quinolone drug for therapy about 2~12 months,The resistance rate of OFLX is 59.6% and LVFX is 44.2% in 2009.Conclusions The OFLX and LVFX resistance rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is quickly going up when they are used for retreat tuberculosis patients,which is related to clinical extensive and appropriate application of quinolones.Vitro drug concentration was negatively correlated with drug resistance.LVFX is better than OFLX in chemotherapy,but the effect remains to be observed.


ABSTRACT The recent digging of a new channel for water delivery to expand irrigation in the Ord provides a good opportunity for unearthing the native title agreement that allows for intensification of agriculture there. Initial irrigation development in this north-eastern Australian catchment did not include recognition of, consultation with, or distribution of benefits to Indigenous people impacted by dam creation and land flooding. Forming agreement between those affected by previous dispossessions, and associated accumulation of wealth via mining and irrigation, with those initiating such activities was an important and challenging process. The Ord Final Agreement (OFA), formalised in 2006, came from negotiations between Miriuwung and Gajerrong traditional owners and government and private interests. Through qualitative research, I dissect the context and content of the OFA to identify the strengths and weaknesses therein. While the agreement does allow for co-management of significant land- and waterscapes, it does not provide for Indigenous water rights, showing one instance of loose ends and missing links within the Ord.


We analyze citations patterns of more than 6,000 economics research articles published in top five, second tier, and top field journals. In line with previous literature, we find that although top five journals' articles generally receive more citations and the life cycles of those citations are longer, their influence (in term of citations) is overestimated: a (non-)successful top five article receives only 3.5 (4) times as many cites as an equivalently (non-)successful second tier of top field article. Our contribution is to show that this ratio is strongly associated with the field of economics research, e.g. this ratio is lowest for econometric methods papers, and with the success of articles (as measured by citation counts), e.g. in all fields of economics research, except for theory, this ratio decreases sharply as we move toward more successful articles.


Studies have suggested that medical students experience high rates of depression and suicidal ideation. However, estimates of the prevalence of depression or depressive symptoms among students vary across studies from 1.4% to 73.5% and those of suicidal ideation vary from 4.9% to 35.6%.
 Reliable estimates of depression and suicidal ideation prevalence during medical training are important to prevent, treat, and identify causes of emotional distress among medical students, especially in light of recent work revealing a high prevalence of depression in resident physicians

 to assess the occurrence of depression and its severity in a sample of Egyptian medical residents of Ain Shams university hospitals, as well as demonstrate the occurrence of suicidal ideations in residents and highlight relation between it and occupational stress.

 This is a Cross sectional analytical study conducted in Ain Shams University hospitals. This present study aimed at analyzing the data of 256 medical residents graduation year 2013-2016, and at different periods of residency, 36 of which were excluded due to previous diagnosis with psychiatric illness before residency, over six months period from June 2018 to January 2019, and were screened for depression, suicidal ideations, socioeconomic stress and stressful aspects of residency.

 A total of 256 questionnaires were done by medical residents of Ain Shams University, 36 were excluded mostly due to previous psychiatric diagnosis before residency. Only 60 (27.27%) of the remaining 220 residents had normal ups and downs according to Beck depression inventory (BDI) with the rest of the 160 residents having depression of different severity ranging from mild (54, 24.55%), borderline (38, 17.27%), Moderate (51, 2.18%), severe (10, 4.55%), extreme(7, 3.18%). 50(22.7%) out of the 220 residents were considered to have high suicide risk according to beck suicidal ideation scale.

 Professional and personal stress is a significant and frequently overlooked component of a resident's life. In addition, residents are at higher risk to develop depression as studies have suggested that medical students experience high rates of depression and suicidal ideation.
 Intervention studies are needed, e.g. support groups, more intense coaching by senior physicians, training programs on 'breaking bad news' and teaching of stress management skills to study how to prevent or reverse burnout.


The stability of engineering rock mass mainly depends on the mechanical properties of the structural plane. It is difficult to study the mechanical properties of the rock mass without considering the concealment of the structural plane. To study the influence of weak interlayer on mechanical performances of rock-like material with different angles, thicknesses and mechanical parameters, the compression tests were carried out on cement material with gypsum weak interlayer, combined with Mohr-Coulomb criterion analysis and FLAC3D modelling test. Results show that the confining pressure and the weak interlayer play the control role on the strength, deformation and failure modes of the rock-like material. The confining pressure can effectively restrain the stiffness and strength weakening due to weak interlayer of the rock-like material. The strength, elastic modulus and failure characteristics of the rock-like material show strong structural effects. The inclination angle of the structural plane is close to 60°, the strength and stiffness weakening are more obvious. When the inclination angle of the structural plane is close to 0° and 90°, the composite material is mainly characterized by splitting failure; when the inclination angle is close to 15°, the material mainly exhibits shear failure. In other cases, the material mainly exhibits tensile and shear failure modes. The results can provide the theoretical and technical basis for similar engineering practice.

Keywords: Rock-like material, Weak interlayer, Compression test, Numerical simulation


The transportation service subsidy is intended to ease the burden of students from low-income families by helping with their need for mobility. The local government provides a transportation service expenditure budget annually to pay for the transportation services they require. Theoretically, the subsidy benefits the poor, although a study on the evaluation of the transportation service subsidy program is still needed to ascertain whether the program beneficiaries benefit from the program. This study used a survey method, and it deepened by the in-depth interviews conducted with 98 respondents. It used to obtain supporting information to pair with the survey results. The critical findings from this study are that the subsidy program has increased the rate of savings in terms of transportation service spending, and it has also reduced the burden of food expenditure among the poor. Better access to education services among the program recipient students reduced traffic congestion, and the enthusiasm for learning within low-income family students are also benefits. Another benefit is that the public transport drivers involved in the program get sustainable income certainty. The income of the recipient community groups has increased moderately compared to the non-recipient groups. However, saving on transportation spending does not contribute significantly to the burden of food expenditure for low-income families. The reason for this is that the free transportation subsidies received by the poor are minimal in terms of the frequency of coupon use. This study concludes that free transport subsidies in the short term can alleviate the burden on the poor, and in the long run, they can improve the welfare of the poor.


The method for extraction of neutron and matter densities from data on cross sections and spin observables for elastic [ital p]-nucleus scattering is presented. The effective nuclear potential was treated to the first order with respect to the [ital t]-matrix and density distributions. To eliminate uncertainties associated with the [ital t]-matrix, the latter has been determined directly from [ital p]-[sup 40]Ca scattering data, where the proton and neutron densities are known sufficiently well. The medium modifications in the [ital t]- matrix have been included by means of density dependent terms added to the free [ital t] matrix. The neutron densities to be found were expressed as a Hartree-Fock (HF) distribution plus a small correction expanded in a Fourier-Bessel series with inclusion of only low-frequency components determined by the data. High-frequency components are presented by the HF term. Expressions for the physical observables were linearized in terms of the expansion coefficients, the latter being determined through an iterative procedure from the [chi][sup 2] criterium. The method enables one to obtain statistical fluctuations in those Fourier components as they are generated by experimental error bars. The normalization and model uncertainties have been also estimated. The extracted densities of[sup 206,207,208]Pb and their differencesmore » were compared with the HF results calculated by us with the Skyrme interaction. On the whole, pretty good agreement has been achieved.« less


Background. Abdominal acute surgical pathology is an acute condition requiring emergency surgical intervention. The lack of objective instrumental-laboratory data on the patient's condition, the uncertainty in exact extent of surgical interventions, the difficulty of conducting a prognostic assessment are the factors that increase the risk of postoperative complications with high mortality rate (30–80 %). The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the restrictive protocol of perioperative infusion therapy in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy. Materials and methods. Having agreed with the local Ethics Committee and obtained the informed consents, 30 patients, who needed emergency laparotomy, were examined. Preoperative treatment was performed in the intensive care unit according to the Standards of professional protocols (the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, 2008): perioperative fluid management, prevention of thrombosis and wound infections. Hypovolemia was treated by infusion of balanced crystalloid solutions. The hypovolemia severity was determined by using the test of tissue hydrophilia by Shelestiuk and corresponded to the degree II. Infusion volume was 40–60 ml/kg/day. Thus, 25 % of the calculated amount of volume deficit were infused during the first hour of treatment. In the absence of hemodynamic effects of infusion volume, we administered the vasopressors (norepinephrine, phenylephrine) in accordance with general practices. The next 25 % were infused during two hours of treatment (including intraoperative period). Full restoration of volume deficit (last 50 %) was carried out by the end of the first day of treatment. After fluid volume was restored to the full and normovolemia (postoperatively) was achieved, infusion therapy was performed in accordance with general practices. We studied the clinical parameters of systemic hemodynamic, central and peripheral hemodynamic parameters and water sectors of the body. Scoring scales ASA and POSSUM were used for stratification of surgical risk. Control points were before surgery, days 1, 3, 5–7, 10–14, 28–30 after surgery. Results. The results of the study proved that acute surgical pathology in patients with moderate surgical risk is accompanied by the maintenance of a normal total volume of fluid with a significant redistribution of the water sectors of the body, such as plasma deficit with the development of hypovolemia, intracellular dehydration, the initial increase in the volume of the interstitial space. The change in water sectors is combined with the development of relative hyperdynamia due to an increase in the total peripheral resistance and heart rate. Conclusions. Acute surgical pathology in patients with moderate surgical risk is accompanied by the maintenance of a normal total volume of fluid with a significant redistribution of the water sectors of the body, particularly deficit of plasma with the development of hypovolemia, formation of intracellular dehydration, the initial increase in the volume of the interstitial space. The use of a restrictive strategy of infusion therapy in patients with moderate surgical risk allows restore the physiological volumes of the water sectors of the body and form a normodynamic type of circulation from the 3 day of postoperative period.


For the purpose of speaker normalization in speaker independent speech recognition systems, experiments are conducted on a method based on Gaussian mixture model(GMM). The method, which is an improvement of the previous study based on vector quantizer, consists of modeling the probability distribution of canonical feature vectors by a GMM with an appropriate number of clusters, and of estimating the warp factor of a test speaker by making use of the obtained probabilistic model. The purpose of this study is twofold: improving the existing ML based methods, and comparing the performance of what is called `soft decision` method with that of the previous study based on vector quantizer. The effectiveness of the proposed method is investigated by recognition experiments on the TIMIT corpus. The experimental results showed that a little improvement could be obtained tv adjusting the number of clusters in GMM appropriately.


THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES CONDUCTED TO EVALUATE THE EFFICIENCY OF DIFFERENT CURING METHODS HAVE SHOWN THAT, IF WET CURING BY WATER COULD BE CARRIED OUT UNDER IDEAL CONDITIONS, IT WOULD CREATE THE MOST FAVOURABLE CONDITIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MECHANICAL STRENGTH, GREAT DURABILITY, REDUCTION IN VOLUME CHANGES AND THEREFORE IN CRACKING. HOWEVER THESE IDEAL WET CURING CONDITIONS ARE RARELY OBTAINED ON A CONSTRUCTION SITE. THIS IS WHY, IN PRACTICE, GOOD-QUALITY LIQUID AGENTS ARE USED. THEY FORM WATERPROOF MEMBRANES AND GIVE UNIFORM SATISFACTORY RESULTS. THIS REPORT IS DIVIDED AS FOLLOWS: (1) CONCRETE CURING. DEFINITION; (2) NECESSITY OF CURING - (A) REACTIONS OF CEMENT HYDRATION; (B) LOSS OF WATER CONTENT AND CRACKING OF CONCRETE; (C) MOMENT AT WHICH CURING MUST START; (3) PROCESSES FOR PREVENTING THE EVAPORATION OF FREE WATER IN CONCRETE; (4) CONCRETE TEMPERATURE. ITS INFLUENCE ON CURING CONDITIONS AND CRACKING OF STRUCTURES; (5) CURING OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES BY MEANS OF LIQUID AGENTS WHICH FORM WATERPROOF MEMBRANES; (A) LIQUID COMPOUNDS - COMPOSITION AND TYPES - EVOLUTION IN COMPOSITION - GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS; (B) CLASSIFICATION OF LIQUID COMPOUNDS AS A FUNCTION OF ASTM-C-309 STANDARD; (6) SIGNIFICANCE OF TESTS CARRIED OUT TO EVALUATE THE QUALITY OF LIQUID COMPOUNDS. CHARACTERISTICS REQUIRED OF THE LATTER; (7) CONDITIONS OF APPLICATION ON THE CONSTRUCTION SITE; (8) MAIN ADVANTAGES OF THIS TYPE OF CURING - PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN; (9) RESULTS OF QUALITY CONTROL TESTS CARRIED OUT AT THE LEMIT ON LIQUID COMPOUND SAMPLES MANUFACTURED IN ARGENTINA; (10) CONCLUSIONS.


Psychoanalysis is a discipline under siege. Its present position in psychiatry is at best precarious.Formerly a hegemonic discipline transcendent in knowledge, power, and influence, expansionist in outlook to the extentofdominatingpsychiatric services, and sureof its ability to explain the inexplicable, psychoanalysis and its derivative treatments have become sidelined. Its practitioners are defensive and, within Health Services, in danger of extinction. Much of this gradual but inexorable transformation from dominance to decline is a result of a failure of psychoanalysis to evolve scientifically and to engage in academic and clinical interchange with other bodies of knowledge such as neuroscience and cognitive psychology. Excluding discoveries from other disciplines is always dangerous and particularly so at a time when development of knowledge is through interdisciplinary collaboration. But combining academic and clinical isolation with a systematic failure to assess psychoanalysis as a treatment method is potentially disastrous and possibly indicates its death-knell. Yet, to some, it still represents the most coherent and intellectually satisfying view of the mind (1) and, as such, may offer pathways to better understanding and improved treatment of mental illness,which, after all, remainsadysfunction of the mind as well as the brain. Whilst recognizing that time is running out and that psychoanalysis is drinking in the last chance saloon, this edition of the journal suggests that the time has not yet come for abandoning psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic therapy as a theory or treatment and that there is huge potential for future research.


The invention provides a timed emission device capable of smelling odor, the traditional timing device takes hearing and sight as time interface; the invention firstly takes odor capable of being smelled as the accessorial time interface; except for increasing interest and comfortable feeling; for using in the darkness and sleep, the invention increases smelling perception interface by acousto-optic; and the deaf-blind persons are able to know the time change. Furthermore, the invention breaks through the shortcomings of the traditional intermittent sporadic fragrance unitary odor and continuously operating, but the invention is able to presets the emission time or the concentration of the different odor sources and continuously or intermittent; the invention is good for taking with and satisfy the individual demand.


Rural finance subsidized credit paradigm was popular in the seventies of the 20th century,but the practice of rural finance reform proved that credit paradigm did not realize its goal. Then the rural finance market paradigm appeared,but the characteristic of rural economy made the cost of serving for rural areas was high,rural areas could not get money supporting. In the nineties,the microfinance based on the inclusive finance became a new paradigm. We should regard the inclusive rural finance as the guidance of rural finance reform In china.


By using the theory of topological degree,sufficient conditions which guarantee the existence of a positive periodic solution of the three-species food chain system with Beddington-DeAngelis functional response and stage structure for top predator are obtained.


Smart Grid (SG), the power grid for the next generation promises a widely distributed automated energy delivery network. Since the traditional power grid is plagued with high maintenance costs, scalability issues, inefficient monitoring system, etc., the emergence of SG technologies have paved way for modernized power generation, transmission and distribution. Cryptography and key management have been identified among the initial set of high priority research challenges for secure communications in Smart Grid (SG) networks. Key management in SG networks involves large scale deployment along with encryption and digital signatures on the sensors. A robust trust management system guarantees that the compromise of a less significant node does not result in the compromise of more significant nodes. This paper presents an exhaustive overview of key and trust management for the scope of SG systems and devices. It also aims to carefully review the impact and application of WSN and Compressed Sensing (CS) in securing the smart grid scenario.


A 70-year-old female presented with worsening left knee pain and underwent a left total knee arthroplasty. During the procedure, the synovial tissue was different from the usual with brown and hard tissue. Frozen section diagnosis revealed "adenocarcinoma, metastatic" of bone and synovium. We report the case of a patient who presented a synovial metastasis has been discovered during total knee arthroplasty different from post total knee arthroplasty.


syndromes. TIMI 11A substudy. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998; 31: 326–30. [3] Newby LK, Christenson RH, Ohman EM et al. Value of serial troponin T measures for early and late risk stratification in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Circulation 1998; 98: 1853–9. [4] Noble MIM. Can negative results for protein markers of myocardial damage justify discharge of acute chest pain patients after a few hours in hospital? Eur Heart J 1999; 20: 925–7. [5] De Winter RJ, Bholasingh R, Nieuwenhuijs AB, Koster RW, Peters RJG, Sanders GT. Ruling out acute myocardial infarction early with two serial creatine kinase-MB mass determinations. Eur Heart J 1999; 20: 967–72. [6] Jurlander B, Clemmensen P, Wagner GS, Grande P. Very early diagnosis and risk stratification of patients admitted with suspected acute myocardial infarction by the combined evaluation of a single serum value of cardiac troponin-T, myoglobin, and creatine kinase-MBmass. Eur Heart J 2000; 21: 382–9. [7] Kontos MC, Anderson FP, Hanbury CM, Roberts CS, Miller WG, Jesse RL. Use of the combination of myoglobin and CK-MB mass for the rapid diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Am J Emerg Med 1997; 15: 14–9. [8] Zalenski RJ, Rydman RJ, McCarren M et al. Feasibility of a rapid diagnostic protocol for an emergency department chest pain unit. Ann Emerg Med 1997; 29: 99–108. [9] Nørgaard BL, Andersen K, Dellborg M, Abrahamson P, Ravkilde J, Thygesen K. Admission risk assessment by cardiac troponin T in unstable coronary artery disease: Additional prognostic information from continous ST segment monitoring. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999; 33: 1519–27.


Graph database and "knowledge graph solution" vendor Franz Inc. has recently released its latest version of its graph offering, AllegroGraph, which as of the new release is in version 7.0. Alongside this, the company also released version 8.0 of Gruff, its visualisation and discovery engine for AllegroGraph and SPARQL endpoints. As of version 8, Gruff is now available via a web client as well as on the desktop.


A GIS web server has been created that delivers campus building plans and associated indoor data to both desktop and mobile clients. This poster describes two aspects of the application development. Firstly, the software platform is explained. The GIS web server was built using open source software including MapServer, PostgreSQL with the PostGIS extension, the PgDijkstra Routing module, and PHP. The GIS Data sets were created from CAD building floor plans and orthophotos. The user interface was designed for both small display mobile web clients and standard display size devices.


The ability to think critically is one of the abilities that exist in the cognitive aspects which includes the ability to remember, understand, apply, analyze, synthesize, and assess. This ability starts from the simple thing to remember to solve the problem that requires a person to be able to connect and combine several ideas and ideas from what has been learned. In learning activities, there are still many students who have low critical thinking skills. This is evident in every lecture activity, students are more dominantly focused on presenting the reading sources obtained either through books or through other electronic media without being able to develop and explain logically or critically towards the reading sources. This study aims to describe the use of cooperative learning type jigsaw in improving students critical thinking skills in course Media Learning of PLS. The population of this research is students of PLS Department who take the course of PLS Learning Media and learning, and the sampling technique that will be carried out is accidental or convenience sampling. This research was designed using classroom action research methods which were carried out in 2 cycles, where each cycle contained stages: 1) planning; 2) implementation; 3) observation and interpretation; and 4) analysis and reflection.


Two‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2‐D PAGE) combined with mass spectrometry (MS) is a highly accurate and sensitive means of identifying proteins. We have developed a novel method for digesting proteins on polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes for subsequent matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization‐time of flight (MALDI‐TOF) MS analysis. After Tricine sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)‐PAGE, separated proteins were electroblotted onto PVDF membranes in a semidry discontinuous buffer system, visualized by staining with Coomassie Blue, excised, digested with trypsin or lysC in 80% acetonitrile, and then analyzed by MALDI‐TOF MS. This method has several advantages over in‐gel digestion in terms of sample handling, sensitivity, and time. We identified 105 fmol of Bacillus subtilis SecA and 100∼500 fmol of standard proteins. We also analyzed the submembrane protein fraction solubilized by 1% n‐dodecyl‐β‐D‐maltoside from B. subtilis membranes after separation by 2‐D PAGE, and identified 116 protein spots. This method can detect proteins at the 10∼50 fmol level by pooling more than ten identical electroblotted protein spots.


The summoning of the comitia centuriata involves questions and issues of constitutional and augural law. Mommsen claimed that the magistrate assembled the comitia on the basis of a 'hybrid' imperium (formally militiae and substantially domi) and of a single auspicatio performed militiae, in the campus Martius. On the contrary, Magdelain remarked that the sources speak of two different auspicationes, and suggested that the first aimed at bestowing the 'hybrid' imperium militiae on the magistrate and the second at obtaining divine approval for the assembly. This article argues that (i) the imperium militiae did not require a specific investiture, being just an expression of the unitary imperium; it was not divided into a 'civil' and a 'military' power, since the borders of the pomerium and of the primum miliarium mattered at different levels – the first augural, the second constitutional; (ii) the first auspicatio, performed in a stationary templum (auguraculum), was meant to accomplish the inauguratio of the second templum, the location of which varied; (iii) the distinction between the lines of the pomerium and of the primum miliarium had the purpose of guaranteeing to the citizens the provocatio ad populum and the intercessio tribunicia, thus enabling the populus-exercitus to freely express their will when voting on a lex publica.


The aim of this paper consists in providing evidences and a new interpretation of an inscribed Roman Mosaic found in Tarazona de la Mancha (Albacete, Spain) and dated in the IVth century A.D. F.-J. de Rueda unpublished PhD, Mosaicos Romanos con Estaciones en Espana, UAB, Bellaterra, 2001, refuses the inclusion of this mosaic between the Roman Four Seasons Mosaics from Hispania. But I propose its inclusion in the catalogue under the light of some not considered texs and some North-African Roman pavements, through a new consideration of the vegetal decoration always identified with the Winter season.


The Tokyo Gakushi Kaiin, the forerunner of the Japan Academy, was first founded in 1879, adopting European type of academy system. Its activities continued until 1906, when it was succeeded by the newly organized Imperial Academy (Teikoku Gakushiin). This new Academy became a member of the Association Internationale des Academies in 1907 and sent out in the same year two academy members, Yasutsugu Shigeno and Dairoku Kikuchi, to Vienna to participate in the third general assembly of the Association.


In this paper, we prove some coupled fixed point theorems in cone metric spaces. Furthermore, we introduce and prove the integral version of coupled fixed point theorems in cone metric spaces. Our results unify, extend and generalize
the known results on coupled fixed point theorems in cone metric spaces.


The invention belongs to the technical field of natural gas storage and peak-load regulation and particularly relates to an intelligent natural gas peak-load regulation method and device. Following the continuous development of the domestic economic technology, natural gas as clean energy is rapidly developed, and the problem of peak-load regulation exists in city pipe network every day due to the imbalance between supply and consumption of natural gas. In order to solve the problem, an intelligent regulating valve used for monitoring the pressure value of a certain point on a pipeline is proposed, and the intelligent regulating valve is closed and opened to balance the contradiction between gas consumption and gas supply.


Abstract We evaluated the colonization of a watershed blocked by a 7-m falls following the installation of an Alaska steeppass fish ladder to provide access for anadromous salmonids. Coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch, pink salmon O. gorbuscha, and chum salmon O. keta were present below the falls. Fry of sockeye salmon O. nerka were stocked into Margaret Lake once in 1988 and annually from 1990 through 1994. Pink salmon were the most numerous species to colonize habitat above the falls. Coho salmon moved up the ladder during all years. However, progeny from 25,000 coho salmon presmolts that were stocked in 1991 were the greatest proportion of the returns in 1992, 1995, and 1996. During the study, only 1,595 sockeye salmon returned from more than 1.4 million that were stocked. The rapidity of colonization by naturally occurring anadromous salmonids, including cutthroat trout O. clarki, Dolly Varden Salvelinus malma, and steelhead O. mykiss, underscores a life history strategy of exploiting newly accessible h...


This study was developed to compare the behavior and the ability of polymer foam composites towards sound absorption test based on conditions of the fillers and wood dusts particle sizes. By choosing the size of <355 µm, three different percentages has been selected which is 10%, 15% and 20% for both type and conditions of wood dust. These samples has been tested by using Impedance Tube test  for sound absorption coefficient (α) measurement and Noise Reduction Coefficient measurement (NRC) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to study the pores structure for selected size and type of wood dust-polymer foam composite. The sound absorption coefficient (α) shows variety of value at frequency range of 2500 to 6000 Hz. The highest α value is approaching to 1 while the lowest α value is 0.6.The pore size and structure was influence the sound absorption behavior of each sample. Untreated MM and OPT-polymer foam composite of every percentage loading shows the uniform pore structure as compared treated MM and OPT-polymer foam composites. NRC results shows that increasing pore size has decrease the NRC value for untreated and treated MM-355, meanwhile others shows increasing in NRC value. It is therefore, concluded that the sound absorption coefficient for each sound absorbing material, with different sizes of wood dust particles, types of wood dust and the percentages of wood dust loading in polymer foam matrix effect the sound absorption behavior.


A fast rise time, broad band width and wide dynamic range current monitor was developed for SPring-8 linac. The current monitor has the structure of wall current monitor that is a single-turn current transformer. The measured characteristics are the rise time of ∼250 ps, the output of 1.4∼1.5 V/A (effective impedance of 1.4∼1.5 Ω), the broad bandwidth (20 kHz–2 GHz) and the output linearity in the current range of 0–12 A.


Generated weather that represents alternative realizations of a particular historical record is often needed for
computer simulation of agricultural or agronomic impacts. The stochastic component of generated weather is based on
random numbers. This study shows that relatively short sequences of uniform random numbers, as used to generate daily
precipitation, may not display sufficient uniformity to reproduce the distribution of the target historical precipitation record
or of a seasonal precipitation forecast. The magnitude of the discrepancy becomes an issue in applications that require
accurate replication of the historical record or forecast. A procedure is proposed to test sequences of uniform random numbers
before their use and retain only those sequences that display a high degree of uniformity as required by the weather generation
model. Generated precipitation with and without testing for uniformity of random numbers shows that the discrepancy
between the two can be important particularly for simulation duration less than 50 years, as are often involved in practical
water resources and agricultural applications. The use of "tested" random numbers leads to transition probabilities and a
precipitation distribution that are generally closer in agreement with those of the historical record. The effectiveness of the
method is illustrated by comparing generated daily precipitation based on "tested" and "non–tested" random number for
the Kingfisher, Oklahoma, historical precipitation record. The increased representativeness of the generated precipitation
using "tested" random numbers allows for shorter simulation duration of agricultural models and greater capability to
simulate subtle changes in precipitation such as those associated with seasonal precipitation forecasts.


23 Unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) are prevalent neurovascular anomalies which, in rare 24 circumstances, rupture to create a catastrophic subarachnoid haemorrhage. Although surgical 25 management can reduce rupture risk, the majority of IAs exist undiscovered until rupture. Current 26 computer-aided UIA diagnoses sensitively detect and measure UIAs within cranial angiograms, but 27 remain limited to low specificities whose output requires considerable neuroradiologist interpretation 28 not amenable to broad screening efforts. To address these limitations, we propose an analysis which 29 interprets single-voxel morphometry of segmented neurovasculature to identify UIAs. Once 30 neurovascular anatomy of a specified resolution is segmented, interrelationships between voxel-specific 31 morphometries are estimated and spatially-clustered outliers are identified as UIA candidates. Our 32 automated solution detects UIAs within magnetic resonance angiograms (MRA) at unmatched 86% 33 specificity and 81% sensitivity using 3 minutes on a conventional laptop. Our approach does not rely 34 on interpatient comparisons or training datasets which could be difficult to amass and process for rare 35 incidentally discovered UIAs within large MRA files, and in doing so, is versatile to user-defined 36 segmentation quality, to detection sensitivity, and across a range of imaging resolutions and modalities. 37 We propose this method as a unique tool to aid UIA screening, characterisation of abnormal vasculature 38 in at-risk patients, morphometry-based rupture risk prediction, and identification of other vascular 39 abnormalities. 40 Abstract we present an based on a single-voxel to and identify Our 3D presentations of patient neurovasculature from MRA, CTA, or DSA image datasets, then seeks to identify UIA candidates based on three voxel morphometry attributes: distance from vessel centreline, 80 distance from vessel edge, and distance from image base. Identified UIA location and size are measured and validated against clinician measurement. We analysed a cohort of 29 TOF MRAs presenting UIAs 82 who are benchmarked against 705 healthy TOF MRAs. Our automated algorithm is unique in its rapid 83 analysis of large 3D datasets without the need for training data or interpatient comparisons, its high and tuneable specificity and sensitivity to identify fine features for clinical observation, and its versatility 85 in analysing a range of MRA resolutions as well as CTA and DSA modalities.


Abstract A model is proposed and discussed explaining the role of trapped charge carriers in stabilization of polarized state in ferroelectric polymers.


The surge limit on automotive turbocharger needs to be avoided to prevent operations with pressure and mass flow oscillations. Mild surge is accompanied by noise which is disturbing. Deep surge can cause significant loss of engine power and severe drivability issues. It is necessary to know the stationary limit in order to match a turbocharger with an engine, ensuring enough surge margin. However, this choice does not guarantee surge free operation during transient functioning. In this paper, the surge onset of a compressor while closing a downstream valve is studied. Various tests have been carried out varying the closing time, the position of the initial operating point and the volume of the circuit. The inlet and outlet signals of physical parameters are analyzed with spectral and temporal methods in order to define the instant of the surge occurrence.


Commercial vehicles form almost 80 per cent of the total vehicle production in Indonesia. The 3/4 - 1 ton category is the largest market segment and most of these vehicles are converted into minibuses for family and public transport. The body manufacturing industry has grown significantly and there are approximately 120 body manufacturers of various sizes. Some of the companies have the capacity to produce approximately 500 units per month. The technology used in body manufacture departs from the local technology. Improvements have been made especially in the exterior and interior design. Despite the improved design, however, there are still several problems faced by the manufacturers such as corrosion, loose fit between moving parts and loose joints. These problems usually occur about two years after purchase. Some problems have been identified and need to be solved by improvements in design and manufacture. Some suggested improvements in appropriate materials and manufacturing methods are outlined. (a).


EDITOR—We agree with Davies that intermittent claudication is underrecognised as a risk factor for coronary and cerebrovascular events, and that large proportions of patients with claudication are not receiving aspirin or cholesterol management.1 We have analysed data from the 20 year follow up of the British regional …


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the genetic polymorphisms of 15 STRs loci in Chinese E Wen-ke population.

METHODS
DNA samples from 99 unrelated individuals in Chinese E Wen-ke population were screened by Power Plex 16 System and ABI3100 Genetic Analyzer.

RESULTS
The genotype frequencies of these 15 STR loci meet the Hardy-Weinberg expectation. The Matching probability of 15 STRs loci were between 0.0205-0.1733, discriminating power (DP) at 0.8267-0.9795, heterozygosity (Ho) at 0.6061-0.9091, power of exclusion (PE) at 0.4038-0.7690, polymorphism information content (PIC) at 0.5985-0.8734. The total DP of 15 STRs loci is 0.9999999999998.

CONCLUSION
Our results showed that the 15 STRs loci of Power Plex 16 System are valuable STR loci genetic marker system having high DP and are useful in forensic case work in Chinese E Wen-ke population.


Bearing models solving generalized Reynolds equation together with energy equation for fluid film and heat transfer equation for a thrust bearing pad with realistic boundary conditions are referred to as thermohydrodynamic (THD) models. For thrust bearings, elastic and thermal deformations of the pad change geometry of the fluid film and this is necessary to take them into account. Thrust bearing models comprising THD analysis and thermo-elastic pad deformations are referred to as thermoelastohydrodynamic (TEHD) models. TEHD models are very common in analysis of tilting-pads thrust bearings nowadays (e.g. [1], [2]). It seems, that their main weakness is the fact that fluid flow calculations are limited only to the fluid film. Some of the bearing lubricant flow phenomena important to bearing properties, taking place outside the film are included into the analysis only in a simplified form. Two main examples can be pointed out here. Mixing of the supply oil and hot oil flow out from pad trailing area between the pads which influence film inlet temperature. The second example is the heat convection at pad free walls which influences pad thermal distortion and in consequence the shape of the film. In many bearing analyses reported in the literature oil inlet temperature and heat convection coefficients are the input data. Usually they are difficult to assess, and in the same time they can influence results of analysis significantly ([3], [4]). In this work the results of predictions for a hydrodynamic thrust bearing obtained with the use of multi-physical modeling technique (FSI – Fluid Structure Interaction) are presented. Calculations comprised fluid film flow in the oil gap and pad surroundings (CFD), thermo – elastic deformations of the bearing system (FEM) and pad tilting. This method allowed to analyse a set of phenomena important for a tilting-pad thrust bearing in one task, limiting the necessity of defining boundary conditions. The proposed methodology can be an interesting and valuable alternative for a theoretical evaluation of tilting-pad thrust bearing properties based on separate solution of film and solid domains.


This midy is an example of ethnographie research in the tradition of interpretive sociology. It provides a conflict-interactionist anaiysis of the process and nature of subcultural adaptation and contribut es to the sociology of deviance, social change, political sociology, and the study of everyday Me. The subject of this research is an individuai club of an international hunting dog organization that registers, trains, breeds, and tests hunting dogs of the ' pointing dog ' variety. The club e i ~ for the purpose of establishing and maintainhg an ideal standard for 'versatile' hunting dogs. These dogs must be able to detect by scent and 'point' game birds (both upland and waterfowl) and 'track' a variety of smaii fbr-bearing and big 'game animals. ' They must also be able to 'retrieve' these animals reliably once they are shot by the hunter. This group constitutes a unique subculture with a distinctive set of des , roles, routines, artifacts, and language. As part of the constellation of hunting-related activity, this group of sporthg dog enthusiasts is having to cope with an increasingly hostile socio-political cihate, one that might be characterized as being iduenced by 'political correctness.' As a consequence, this subculture rnay be evoiving into a deviant subculture. ïhis thesis documents the process of 'subcultural evolution and adaptation' as it occurred in this club as a result of this political correctness trend. The main thesis of this research is that in the course of interacting with other subcultural groups in the broader society, members of a group of hunting dog enthusiasts have acknowledged a relutionship to outsiders that is highly conflictuai. This acknowledgment led to an ami'ysis of ouCsiderperspectzves and uctfvities that began with an identification of these outsiders, progressed to theorizing about their nature, and culminated in a cntical consideration of their perspective. Subsequently, in response to the influence of outsiders, members have c h g e d some of their activities and techniques, dosed themselves off sociaiiy and physically fiom outsiders, and conhived a new stance and image in their interactions with the public at large. Thus, they have colIectiveIy developed strategies to a@t to outsider influence. This study employs Howard S. Becker's (1963) weU known 'conflict-interactionist' contibution to the study of deviance, 'labelling theory.' FoUowing Robert Prus (1987; 1994; 1996), the theory generated by my case study is forrnulated as a set of 'generic social processes.' As such, the category of genenc social processes, Reluting to the SubcuIturai Mosaic that 1 propose presents a theory of everyday life that is not ody 'grounded' but also 'generic.' A C K N O W L E D G E M E N T S This research would not have been possible without the kind cooperation of the mernbers of a club of hunting dog enthusiasts who aiiowed me to i n t e ~ e w them and to participate as a member of their organization. 1 have leamed so much from aU ofyou and 1 am so very gratefid for the opportunities with which you have provided me to experience your very special social world. Thank you! My ongoing registration as a graduate student would not have been possible without financial assistance fiom the University of Waterloo, the NF4 and the OFAH. 1 would like to extend my thanks to the University for the Graduate Scholarship awarded to me upon entrance to the Ph.D. program and for the Graduate Student Bursary awarded to me for my final terrn. 1 would also like to express my gratitude to the National Firearms Association (especially to Mr. Bi11 Rantz) and to the Ontario Federation of Anglers and Hunters (especially to Dr. Terry Quinney) who arranged for me to receive the very generous emergency fùnding that enabled me to pay my tuition as I awaited my thesis defense. Thank you al for your much needed assistance. In addition to the cooperation of respondents and the financial support given to me, this work has benefited £iom the valuable input of the fine members of my thesis conmittee. In this connection, I wish to th& Dr. Fred Desroches for his ongoing guidance, support, and fiiendship; Dr. Rick Helmes-Hayes for stepping into the role of reader at the last minute and for his suggestions for revisions; Dr. Robert Prus for his fine work on generic social processes and his critical reviews of earlier drafts of my thesis; Dr. Al Cheyne (Psych.) for acting as my intemal-external examiner, Dr. Robert Stebbins (U. of Calgary) for being the greatest extemal examiner imaginable and a very nice person, as weli; and the most wonderfid s u p e ~ s o r 1 could ever have wished for, the very insightfûl and thoughâul Dr. Lorne Dawson. There is no possible way that my thesis could have been as well prepared for its final review and defense as it was without the input and critical contributions of Dr. Dawson. 1 am etemally indebted to you, Lorne, for all the ways (big and smail) in which you indicated to me that my work was important and that my feelings rnattered. 1 would also Like to take this opporhinity to thank my family and fnends for their support over the years. 1 would like to thank my parents (Joe and Marie Tanti) for their numerous £inancial contributions and for their encouragement and support. 1 would like to thank my closes fiiends who have let me vent my fnistrations in person, by telephone, and by correspondence. ïhanks to ali of you for putting up with me (especially Janet Clark Borsk, Heather Cadogan, and my four former-student pen-pals nom the University of wctona, Lorelei, Trevor, Phii, and Mike). In this connection, 1 would also Iike to thank my very dear fkiend Dr. Ken Westhues, a great tacher, champion of the student-underdog, and perhaps the kindest person 1 know. Many thanks to Dr. Westhues for the astute reading of my personality which led him to give me the advice that 1 have followed for the second round of my graduate career, 'Bite your tongue!" I am eternally gratefil for this very straight-forward lesson in diplomacy. It wiii no doubt be valuable in the many other politidy sensitive situations I shall encounter in the fùture. Finally, I thank my very best fiiend and parmer of more than ten years, my beloved husband, Waam Devin. 1 am very grateful to hïm for respecthg my independent ambition and not attempting to murder me for it in my sleep. He, too, has experienced directly the sacrifices, the fnistrations, the s m d victones, and the challenging social interactions that make up the real life history of this heap o f paper. Yes, it has been one heu of a trip-and 1 hope that you will forgive me. Ifyou wiU give me another ten years 1 shali make it up to you, then maybe, if I prove myselfworthy, you wiU give me ten more. I dkdzcare this work tu the presemtion of the ~CICiition ofhuntzng with noble ~portlriig dogs who [ive on& to be loyai cornpunions of the rnaq ethicai hunters who work with and adinire them mis work zs ais0 dedicated tu my h s b d Wi[lm, an ethicai hunter and ap! loyai compzon, and to our beloved Gemun Shorthair, %n&r, a very fine hnting dog ond perhqs the most orloredpet in the entire world


The present business plan will demonstrate the viability of the creation of a company dedicated to the assembly and commercialization of hybrid water-heating systems in Quito in a 5 year horizon. The brand, BRIO, is developed both for the company and its products, which will be referred to as electro-solar hybrid systems. The target of BRIO are the consumers of the higher stratum, in ages between 33 and 59 years old, residing in single-family houses of 3 to 5 members and an environmental consciousness. By using national raw material and hand labour to elaborate the structure of its systems, importing the technological components of Mexico, Germany and the Unites states, leaders in the development of solar energy, and offering 100% customized products, BRIO bases its competitive advantage in the ecological factor, its community commitment and the customization of its products. The present business proves to be profitable, both for the project and for the investor.


This dissertation incorporates institutional analysis in the examination of a number of questions that are relevant for the economic literature, touching on issues of public policy, demography, transition, and organized crime. It is composed of three chapters that can be read separately. First, I evaluate the nexus between public works expenditures in post-war Italy and internal migration. Using nonlinear differences-in-differences, I present evidence that one of the goals of the Cassa per il Mezzogiorno mmitigating out-migration from the South of Italymwas, at best, a failure, and possibly exacerbated the problem. This evaluation is relevant for public policy that aims to address differentials between regions. Next, I re-examine the common finding that institutional quality is a determinant of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the context of transition economies. Using various measures of institutional quality, I find that more parsimonious and more commonly used models in evaluating FDI suggest that the previous findings are sensitive to specification. While this should not be considered as falsification of the notion that institutional quality is important in attracting FDI, it is a cautionary tale for those attempting to incorporate institutional measures in their work. Finally, after a careful consideration of the institutional environment of the Mafia in Italy, I propose a simple game-theoretic model to explain violence as an equilibrium outcome in such organizations.


Abstract Objectives Proper diagnosis and follow-up of children with testicular disorders depend on the presence of adequate references for testicular volume. The objective of this study was to determine the testicular volume by ultrasound in Turkish boys aged between 0 and 8 years. Methods A total of 320 boys with bilaterally descended testes underwent scrotal ultrasound examinations. The testicular volume (mL) was calculated by the empirical formula of Lambert (V=L × T × AP × 0.71) and the formula for an ellipsoid (V=L × T × AP × π/6). The testicular volume was compared with children's age, and Z-score data for weight, height, and BMI. The age-specific 3rd, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 97th percentiles of the testicular volume were produced and compared with the international references. Results The median (IQR) volume of the right and left testis were 0.75 (0.57–0.99) and 0.72 (0.56–0.98) mL (formula of Lambert), respectively; and 0.56 (0.42–0.73) and 0.53 (0.41–0.72) mL, (formula for an ellipsoid), respectively. The age-specific median of the average volume of the right and left testis estimated by the Lambert equation in the first five years was measured between 0.63 and 0.71 mL, followed by an increase to about 1.31 mL at the age of 8. This increase was highly statistically significant (p<0.0001). No significant association was found between the Z-scores for weight, height, and BMI of boys and the testicular volumes. Conclusions This study provides the first national ultrasound-based estimates for testicular volume in Turkish boys aged 0–8 years.


In the current work, a novel combustion method is demonstrated for the direct synthesis of nanocomposite materials. Specifically doped tin dioxide (SnO_2) powders were selected for the demonstration studies due to the key role SnO_2 plays in semiconductor gas sensors and the strong sensitivity of doped SnO_2 to nanocomposite properties. The synthesis approach combines solid and gas-phase precursors to stage the decomposition and particle nucleation processes. A range of synthesis conditions and four material systems were examined in the study: gold–tin dioxide, palladium–tin dioxide, copper–tin dioxide, and aluminum–tin dioxide. Several additive precursors were considered including four metal acetates and two pure metals. The nanocomposite materials produced were examined for morphology, phase, composition, and lattice spacing using transmission and scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffractometry, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The results using the combustion synthesis approach indicate good control of the nanocomposite properties, such as the average SnO_2 crystallite size, which ranged from 5.8 to 17 nm.


For several liquid and fluid states of the Lennard-Jones system, the shear viscosity ${\ensuremath{\eta}}_{s}$ and the thermal conductivity \ensuremath{\lambda} were calculated with the Rice-Allnatt (RA) theory and compared with molecular-dynamics (MD) data. The pair potential was split as Weeks, Chandler, and Andersen proposed [J. Chem. Phys. 54, 5237 (1971)], the pair correlation functions were generated by the perturbation method using the Baxter technique, and the friction coefficient was obtained from MD computations with use of the Green-Kubo relation. Though sufficient agreement with MD results occurred for a certain small region of states, the RA transport coefficients generally deviated largely from the MD data. The failure of the RA theory cannot be ascribed to the uncertainty in the soft part of the friction coefficient, ${\ensuremath{\zeta}}_{s}$, necessary for the kinetic equations. We proved this for states where the product, \ensuremath{\lambda}${\ensuremath{\eta}}_{s}$, is only negligibly dependent on ${\ensuremath{\zeta}}_{s}$.


Despite the fact that the Euler allocation principle has been adopted by many financial institutions for their internal capital allocation process, a comprehensive description of Euler allocation seems still to be missing. We try to fill this gap by presenting the theoretical background as well as practical aspects. In particular, we discuss how Euler risk contributions can be estimated for some important risk measures.


Image enhancement and evaluation play an important role in modern information and measurement technologies. Because of the physical and technical limitations the obtained images are often distorted by noise influence and low resolution. Image enhancement provided by a conventional linear filtering and known standard smoothing methods can be not effective due to a contrast reduction. Image enhancement can be provided effectively by the adaptive nonlinear algorithms such as local gray-level histogram modification method recently investigated with application to images of special class like moire fringe patterns. This method was developed for noise suppression without decreasing the image contrast. It can be used for solving the image enhancement and restoration problems with application to different image kinds inherent in the remote sensing technologies.


The increasing availability of large quantities of product-related data provides an opportunity to augment human designers with analytical models for evaluating the creativity of a new design. In this paper we describe three characteristics of a creative design: novelty, value, and surprise. We present an analytical framework for computationally evaluating the creativity of a new design. Building on our previous work, we associate each characteristic with a computational process, and develop a new model for evaluating surprise using predictive analytics. We describe an implementation of our analytical models as applied to a data-set of mobile devices. We report on the most surprising devices identified by our models and their corresponding novelty and value scores, and conclude by discussing the broader applications and implications of an analytical approach to evaluating creative designs.


The occurrence of isotopes in different environments was firstly analyzed in this paper,then its intrinsic relationship to conventional chemical index was examined.Water samples were vertically collected from rivers and groundwater in the phreatic and semi-confined aquifers.The transportation mechanism of groundwater in the shallow groundwater system in the study area is explained in this paper based on the testing results.It can be used as the theoretical reference for reasonable exploitation of the shallow groundwater.Groundwater resources in the semi-confined aquifer are quite abundant,but regional differences exist.


User's acceptance of a Computer-based Patient Record (CPR) System is one of the most important steps of its implementation. We designed this study to describe physicians and patient's attitudes towards different aspects about the utilization of a CPR system, and to analyze the coincidence between these two groups. We administered tailored questionnaires to physicians and their patients, exploring the same topics. In this study most doctors expressed that Computer use during clinical encounter was a disrupting element in patientphysician relationship. Patients being consulted about the same subjects do not see this as a problem; moreover, they think it could improve their health care quality.


In this article I generalize on a word problem by Bhaskaracharya. The resulting quadratics are trivial to solve; but composing them, so that they have whole number solutions, is not trivial. In this article I discover a class of sequences, which I call "Spade Sequences" as homage to a hero of detective fiction, which generate both Bhaskaracharya quadratics and their solutions. The article ends with a list of such word problems, presented as a problem set with answer key.


We experimentally demonstrate a 34 GHz integrated silicon photonic asymmetric self-coherent detection receiver enabling net 200 Gbps 16-QAM signal transmission over 40 km of SSMF below the soft decision FEC threshold.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simplify the decalcification of a dialysis system to enhance the operability, by providing the system with a means to start the automatic decalcification cycle of the dialysis fluid in the dialysis system upon detecting a specified calcification degree of the dialysis system, in those systems to remove poisonous substances out of the bicarbonate fluid with a decalcification agent in the dialysis fluid. SOLUTION: A blood leakage detector is made up by being equipped with a two-color LED 1 alternatively emitting, for instance, orange-red and green lights. After about 50% of these lights is decomposed by an optical prism 3, they arrive at a reference receiver 5. The light intensity of two colors is then adjusted by a reference channel so that they become a constant ratio with each other. On the other hand, the rest of the lights is made to be radiated via the cell 7 and a medium (dialysis fluid) in the cell to measure a decrement in the light intensity arriving at the cell receiver 9. Evaluating a ratio of changes in light intensity, the decalcification cycle is stared, when the output power decreases as the calcification increase upon operating the bicarbonate dialysis to reach a given threshold value.


: The signal peptide of the precursor prePhoE is studied with the use of ESR spectroscopy. Additional details about the well-demonstrated signal peptide-lipid interactions were found by using state-of-the-art ESR spectroscopy. Results found can now be linked to the results obtained by using the complete precursor of prePhoE as published earlier (Keller, R. C. A., Ten Berge, D., Nouwen, N., Snel, M. M. E., Tommassen, J., Marsh, D., & De Kruijff, B. (1996). Biochemistry, 35(9), 3063-3071.).


Substituting composite structures for conventional metallic structures has many advantages because of higher specific stiffness and specific strength of composite materials. In this work, one-piece propeller shafts composed of carbon/epoxy composites were designed and manufactured for a rear wheel drive automobile satisfying three design specifications, such as static torque transmission capability, torsional buckling and the fundamental natural bending frequency. Single lap adhesively bonded joint was used to join the composite shaft and the aluminum yoke. The torque transmission capability of the adhesively bonded composite shaft was calculated with respect to bonding length and yoke thickness by finite element method and compared with the experimental result. Torque transmission capability was based on the Tsai-Wu failure index for composite shaft and the failure model which incorporated the nonlinear mechanical behavior of aluminum yoke and epoxy adhesive. From the experiments and FEM analyses, it was found that the static torque transmission capability of the composite propeller shaft was highest at the critical yoke thickness, and saturated beyond the critical length. Also, it was found that the one-piece composite propeller shaft had 40% weight saving effect compared with a conventional two-piece steel propeller shaft.


The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a squirrel-cage rotor (30), with which quality problems are less likely to occur, and the efficiency of a motor can be improved by insulating between a secondary conductor and a rotor core (1) using a simpler device and procedure. This method for manufacturing a squirrel-cage rotor (30) that rotates around an axis (C) of rotation includes a step in which an aluminum bar is formed by filling a slot formed in the rotor core (1) with aluminum through an aluminum die-casting process, and a step in which the rotor core (1) is twisted around the axis (C) of rotation after the formation of the aluminum bar.


In this study, a new approach has been presented to classify Parkinson's disease (PD). In order to discriminate healthy people from the PD patients, several measurements extracted from sound samples of 31 people, 23 with PD, have been applied to four different classifiers. In order to classify the subject as PD patient or healthy, a probabilistic neural network (PNN), a generalised regression neural network (GRNN), a support vector machine and a k-nearest neighbour have been carried out. Half of the dataset are used for training, remaining data are used for testing in order to determine the performance of the classifiers. In each classification process two-fold cross validation method is utilised to determine which subset represents the entire dataset. It is shown that reasonable results can be obtained by following the proposed methods.


Nursing is striving for cultural competency. Cultural competency includes the ability to deliver care to disenfranchised and marginalized people. The adolescent gay, lesbian, or bisexual person is at risk for violence, disease, harassment, and problems with identity development. Ethnic/minority youth who are also gay, lesbian, and bisexual suffer from prejudice and disenfranchisement within their ethnic community as well as in the dominant white culture. Healthcare workers exhibit homophobia and heterosexism in the delivery of care to patients. Nursing needs to evaluate its own values and prejudices and incorporate sexual orientation into culturally valid tools of assessment to provide competent care.


A large part of the knowledge concerning blood chemistry of the domestic goat is contained in Dukes' (1) text, although there are a number of other reports dealing with the subject such as the one by Murty and Kehar (2) on male Indian goats. Some years ago Walker and Dziemian (3) reported on both the physiological and biochemical data they had gathered on a group of approximately seventy goats of both sexes. This excellent report, which includes both plasma and urine values, should be consulted, if possible, by anyone who has an interest in the subject. The animals from which Walker and Dziemian derive their plasma values were hysterectomized females. More recently Anderson (4) has examined the electrolyte metabolism of the goat under the influence of various drugs. Morris and Courtice (5) included the goat in their study of the protein and lipid composition of plasma, and Evans (6) compared the electrolyte concentrations in the erythrocytes of the goat and ox. Appleman's and Delouche's (7) recent report, although mainly concerned with behavior of female goats under adverse environmental conditions, contains considerable biochemical and physiological data. Recently there was an opportunity to carry out a survey of the blood chemistry of a large herd of goats that were remarkable because of their uniform size and general thrifty appearance. It was felt that a survey of this kind, by providing a base line of normal values, would be an aid to those who might be concerned with the physiology of the goat.


This paper presents a peer-to-peer (P2P) service for the transmission of real-time video content, exploiting the contemporary usage of multiple network paths over the current Internet. Before starting the transmission, the sender probes the available paths for their round trip time and other parameters using simple ICMP packets. Then it chooses the set of paths to be used in order to maximize the expected signal to noise ratio (SNR) while meeting the delay requirements of the streaming content. The video is encoded using a multiple description coding (MDC) technique. Simulations show that the proposed algorithm always chooses one of the group of paths that yields the best SNR


For analog integrated circuits (ICs) in nanometer technology nodes, process variation (PV) induced by lithography may not only cause serious wafer pattern distortion, but also result in device mismatch, which can readily ruin circuit performance. Although the conventional optical proximity correction (OPC) operations can effectively improve the wafer image fidelity, an analog circuit without robust device sizes is still highly vulnerable to such a mismatch effect. In this article, a PV-aware sizing-inclusive analog layout retargeting framework, which encloses an efficient hybrid OPC scheme for yield enhancement, is proposed. The device sizes are tuned during the layout retargeting process by using a deterministic circuit-sizing algorithm considering PV conditions. Our hybrid OPC method combines global rule-based OPC with local model-based OPC functions to boost the wafer image quality improvement but without degrading the computational efficiency. The experimental results show that our proposed framework can achieve the best wafer image quality and circuit performance preservation compared to any other alternative approaches.


The study aims to investigate whether personal factors influences the motivation, perception toward classroom climate, learning effect, and post-class reaction of working adult learners who take a particular Zen class. Study also tries to uncover the relationship between this group of adult learners' motivation and learning effect, their perception toward classroom climate and learning effect, as well as their learning effect and post-class reaction. Through Pearson correlation analysis, the results show that personal factors, besides educational background, demonstrated significant influences on adult learners' motivations, perception of learning climate, learning effect, or post-class reaction. This research also learns significant positive relationship between Zen learners' motivation and learning effect, their perception toward classroom climate and learning effect, as well as their learning effect and post-class reaction.


INTRODUCTIONThe homeland security construct has become a large, complex, and dynamic enterprise, consisting of multiple professions, skill sets, and expertise. Homeland security is large in that it consists of several public sector agencies, organizations, and many hundreds of thousands of employees. Homeland security is complex in that it includes dozens, if not hundreds of job descriptions which count a plethora of duties, skills, and behaviors among their employees. Finally, homeland security is dynamic in the sense that it is a process, not an end point; a process which requires constant innovation and undergoes unrelenting evolution. These forces operate from strategic to tactical levels in order to meet often asymmetric and irregular threats (natural, man-made, or technological).As the current homeland security workforce ages, there exists an anticipated need throughout the U.S. for competent, educated homeland security professionals, in both public and private sectors. Hence, there has been both opportunity and pressure in higher education to quickly develop degree programs that will produce the next generation of homeland security practitioners. 1 In addition, the commitment by the U.S. to continue development in the areas of homeland defense and homeland security is expected to continue. 2 It is estimated that over 300 programs now exist which claim to offer some sort of homeland security education; that is, either an associate's degree, an undergraduate degree, a graduate degree, or a certificate. 3 This is in stark contrast to the known thirty-five dedicated undergraduate homeland security programs that existed in 2007. 4 As rate of rapid growth continues, academic program development has to date produced irregular and inconsistent core curricula.Given the scope of the homeland security enterprise, it is perhaps understandable that standardized core curricula are either absent or inconsistent. However, the issue of inconsistent core curricula exists, at least in part, due to the fact that no professional association has been established that can offer a vetted or even published set of program-level student learning outcomes (i.e., those outcomes that describe the curriculum in terms of knowledge, skills and abilities that students acquire at the program level), that can guide or provide model curricula to emergent homeland security programs. 5 Nor is there an organization that has itself been recognized or certified by either the United States Department of Education (USDoE) or the Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA) to perform accreditation for academic homeland security programs. Although this study is not a defense of whether accreditation should or should not occur in academic homeland security, the authors point out that when accreditation does exist in professional curricula such as medicine, law, engineering, nursing or dietetics, etc., program-level accreditation provides a de facto template for emergent programs to model their own core curriculum development.As a professional practice, homeland security is a complex and dynamic enterprise. It follows that academic homeland security must stay abreast of the nuances, complexities, and changes that describe and constitute the homeland security construct. The first organization to attempt to identify, collect, and examine academic programs for shared research and discussion was the Homeland Security and Defense Education Consortium, or HSDEC. Since HSDEC's inception, growth in the academic field of homeland security programs has been phenomenal. As interesting as such growth may be, it leads to particular challenges. These challenges are largely the same as those faced by all other occupations that have matured into proper professions. Namely, what does it mean to be a homeland security professional? Who can or cannot be a homeland security professional? …


The concept of One Health was adopted by WHO for the global flu program as well as the pandemic due to coronavirus (Covid 19) which is also related to animals, and the relationship to the humans. Universitas Widya Husada Semarang (UWHS) is one of the educational institutions in the field of health sciences. Current practical activities generate medical and non-medical waste, should be managed appropriately to prevent and reduce the environment pollution. This research objective is to describe the waste management in relation with the implementation of One Health program. Data collection is conducted by interviewing laboratory personnel, observation and measurement of the weight, volume and composition of medical waste, from 8 laboratory rooms. Weight measurement for 12 months, 7 months before pandemic and 5 months after pandemic. The average weight of medical waste in UWHS before the pandemic is 3-5 kg every month and about 1 kg during the pandemic. The waste consists of syringes, needles, plabot infuses, infuse hoses, injection cases, injection cotton and rubber gloves. The incineration of hazardous waste carried out by third party. In order to realize the concept of one health, waste management must be strictly guarded to ensure waste management properly.


The present invention relates to a device for the ink supply in digital printing with at least one print head (1), a supply tank (2) for an ink medium, the flow tank (2) via a feed line (5) to the input of the at least one print head (1) is connected, and a return tank (3) for the ink medium, the return tank (3) via a return line (6) to the output of the at least one print head (1) is connected. In the pre-run tank (2) and / or in the return tank (3) a volume of gas (20, 21) is formed. The ink medium by the pressure of the gas volume (20, 21) in the supply tank (2) and / or in the return tank (3) by the print head (1) can be conveyed.


Early research work theorized franchising to exist because Hybridal Form Benefits (HFB) are achieved by the franchisor. Com- pared to the full hierarchy, franchising was held to reduce agency costs, to overcome resource scarcity and to enable risk sharing. Lately, the focus has shifted to an enquiry into the parallel use of franchise and company-owned outlets - the plural form - to provide the chain with Plural Form Synergies (PFS). More so than wholly franchised or entirely integrated systems, plural forms may allign the interests of di- verse actors, signal profitability, enhance innovation speed and in- crease inter-firm competition. Due to costs specific to each form, net HFB (HFB net ) and net PFS (PFS net ) evolve as organizational decision variables. Within this article we analyze both HFB and PFS, we review their in- fluence on the process of structuring the chain and develop a decision matrix to aid franchisors improve their distributional setting. Accord- ingly, if neither positive HFB net nor PFS net are realized, full ownership is efficient. In a state of positive HFB net only, the chain should be fully franchised. If only PFS net are positive, the chain will be structured ei- ther plurally or fully company-owned depending on the impact of pos- sibly negative HFB net . For a positive HFB net and PFS net finally, plural forms prevail.


ABSTRACT This article looks at Johnstonian improv (those forms of improv devised and influenced by Keith Johnstone) as exemplified by Theatresports, and how the broad structure of these performances creates a range of centrifugal forces. It discusses the ways in which these forces bring a range of comedy theories into play in a particular combination and explores the comic effects of this. Finally, this article makes the assertion that the centrifugal forces at work within Johnstonian improv are the result of a reaction to a number of centripetal forces against which Johnstone was reacting.


Correction for 'Lignin amination valorization: heterogeneous catalytic synthesis of aniline and benzylamine from lignin-derived chemicals' by Yue Rong et al., Green Chem., 2021, DOI: 10.1039/d1gc02741g.


We understand that our description of the denoising process may be not that clear, as described lines 246-257. We can try to summarize as follows. For a given data segment typically covering several hundreds km along the satellite track, denoising is performed in several steps, the first being an initial EMD expansion of the signal, SGN(x), into a series of IMF. The first IMF, IMF1(x), derived from this EMD expansion is the highfrequency component of the signal along the track, mainly associated with the highfrequency noise HFN(x). HFN(x) is estimated in a second step by a wavelet analysis of IMF1(x). As HFN(x) is only a particular realisation of the noise, to make the full denoising scheme more robust, a third step is to generate a set of N=20 new realisations of the noisy signal, SGN(x,1:20), by random perturbation of HFN(x), HFN(x,1:20). Each new noisy signal, SGN(x,i=1:20)= SGN(x) – HFN(x) + HFN(x,i=1:20), is then denoised separately using the thresholding process to provide a set, or an ensemble, of N denoised signals. Finally, the result is the average of the ensemble of denoised signals and the standard deviation provides an estimate of the uncertainty which is function to the actual signal to noise ratio. Note that random noise perturbation, to provide new noise series, is performed in windows of about 140 km width, as the noise statistics are unlikely to be stationary along-track, mainly due to their dependence on the significant wave height. Hope this makes things clearer.


This research investigates the effects of immersive technology exposure on the people's stress level changes. A total of 115 randomly selected people participated in an experiment. The participants who shared similar demographic characteristics were then separated into three group--zipline, immersive technology, and reference groups--for an analysis. All the participants wore wearable device to measure their heartbeat per minutes (BPM) to see the differences, and they all answered the translated Global Assessment of Recent Stress (GARS) to measure their perceived stress levels after they experienced the zipline ride, video recorded zipline ride using the 360-degree camera, and none of the above. The result revealed that the heartbeat average of people in the zipline group was greater than those in either immersive technology group or the reference group. People's perceived stress level difference was not statistically significant when compared zipline and immersive technology group. The immersive experience of zipline through immersive technology could offer stress-relieving effects not notably different from a real zipline ride.


592 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health problem worldwide. Chemotherapy consisting of a fluoropyrimidine backbone constitutes a major therapeutic modality used in the treatment of CRC patients. However, cancer cells often develop resistance to such cytotoxic chemotherapy and this represents a major therapeutic challenge. B7-homolog 1 (B7-H1), also known as programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) is an immunoregulatory protein that belongs to the B7 family of T-cell co-regulatory molecules, and is overexpressed in several human tumors. Upregulation of PD-L1 expression is an important mechanism by which tumor cells can escape host T-cell immunity. Emerging evidence suggests that chemotherapeutic agents can regulate PD-L1 expression on cancer cells, which may have an impact on anti-tumor immunity and immune evasion. We performed this study to evaluate the effect of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) on PD-L1 expression in colon cancer cell lines, using an in vitro approach. Methods: Flow cytometry and ...


Contemporary psychoanalysts and psychoanalytic psychotherapists who align themselves with Winnicott's thinking all adopt many of the new theoretical concepts that he introduced and his novel conceptualisations of the ways in which the environment and the maternal object impact upon early child development. The true and false self, the transitional object and space, primary maternal preoccupation, the good-enough mother, the use of the object, play, impingement and the illusion of omnipotence are the basic building blocks of almost any Winnicottian framework. These concepts and conceptualizations are commonly applied not only to the understanding of the developmental process, but also to the understanding of the clinical one. Despite this shared conceptual framework, there are some significant differences in the ways in which Winnicott is read and made use of. In particular, those who rely on Winnicott's work appear to differ in the degree to which they believe his contributions constitute a revision of psychoanalytic thinking and practice. It would seem that these differences become most pronounced when it comes to Winnicott's contributions to analytic practice with adults. At one end of the spectrum, many regard Winnicott as a particularly sensitive analyst working within conventional analytic frameworks and developing them; although he elaborates, modifies, corrects and innovates, his theorizing and practice are thought to remain within the mainstream of the analytic thinking of Freud and Klein. From this perspective, Winnicott's contribution to psychoanalysis is relatively limited, and classical analysts can readily make use of his central clinical innovations without giving up their fundamental analytic stance. In contrast to this view of Winnicott as essentially traditional, we find at the other end of the spectrum those who consider his approach to be radical and revolutionary. In particular, his innovations are thought to lead us to a wholly new approach to the therapeutic process. Winnicott himself has maintained that analysts may, at times, have to put aside psychoanalytic practice—defined by him as verbal interpretation of the transference—to practice ''something else that we deem to be appropriate to the occasion'' (Winnicott, 1962, p. 170). ''And'', he added, ''why not?'' (ibid). From this perspective, Winnicott's contribution takes us beyond the very boundaries of the psychoanalytic. There is, of course, a range of positions between supInt J Psychoanal (2012) 93:1439–1448 doi: 10.1111/1745-8315.12020


It probes into the management of contents、method、principle quest and guarantee system of the cost of work site of electric power construction business.So as to improve management level of cost of work site of electric power construction business and enhance the competition in the market of business.


This paper reports a design of a feedback control system, which is universal within a range of machines using quantitative feedback theory. A parameter estimator and a power efficiency search algorithm are also presented. It is demonstrated that by accurately quantifying the uncertainty within a plant, specific dynamic performance at critical frequencies can be achieved. Results are presented to substantiate the analysis.