Introduction: The adoption of routine tumor sequencing, and the incorporation of biomarker-based clinical trials in the treatment of cancer has been steadily rising over the past few years. Access and ability to participate in clinical trials is a key element in providing therapeutic options for cancer patients.At the Avera Cancer Institute, options of biomarker-based clinical trials are routinely presented to the treating clinicians at the molecular tumor board (MTB). With everincreasing numbers of trials, a systematic method for keepingtrack of available trials andevaluating patients for trial options was needed. A search for solutions led to only one open-source tool, MatchMiner, but it did not meet our needs.
 Methods and Results: We developed an open-source web application, TrialMatch, that has the ability to (i) add trials through a semi-automated curation interface, (ii) browse and search trials, (iii) and match patients to biomarker-based trials.TrialMatch is an R Shiny application that uses a mongo database to store the trial data. Software installation and application instantiation is managed through Docker. Curate This section has fields for a user to enter trial name and a NCT ID from clinicaltrials.gov. It then queries the clinicaltrials.gov API and fetches data about the sponsor, treatment, etc.Although disease and biomarker data are available on clinicaltrials.gov, they are not stored as discrete fields that can be queried, and hence require manual input. The user provides disease type based on the OncoTree classification, as well as biomarker information for mutations, copy numbers, fusions, TMB, MSI status, PD-L1 status, RNA expression, and disease specific markers such as ER/PR/HER2 status.All information for a particular trial is entered in a mongo database collection, with each trial stored as a document. The ability to add and edit data fields can be restricted to specific users. Browse This section allows the user to browse through all trials with key information such as NCT ID, trial name, disease, and biomarkers. Each row represents one trial and can be expanded to show more detailed information. This is useful to keep track of trials, and to quickly filter trials to a specific disease or biomarker. Match This section displays a patient-centric view of the trials that each patients' age, sex, disease, and biomarkers have matched to. The matching can be automated for scheduled recurrentruns. At Avera, this is used during MTB to evaluate treatment options, but can also be used by clinicians to get a sense of the trials available for their patients, while awaiting formal review.
 Conclusion: We believe that this computational tool fulfills a crucial need in the clinical application of precision oncology, and will ultimately increase clinical trial enrollment for patients.
 Citation Format: Anu Amallraja, Shivani Kapadia, Padmadpriya Swaminathan, Casey Williams, Tobias Meissner. TrialMatch: A computational resource for the management of biomarker-based clinical trials at a precision oncology center [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1899.


The invention relates to a composition of the invention photoreserve.Selon comprising a photoresist resin, a photoacid generator, a photobase generator and a solvent organique.L'invention applies particularly to photolithography.


Redox‐active organic molecules are intriguing candidates as active electrode materials for next‐generation rechargeable batteries due to their structural diversity, environmental friendliness, and solution‐phase preparation processes. Recently, a transition metal–organic coordination approach is exploited to construct high capacity anodes for lithium‐ion rechargeable batteries. Here, a family of transition metal–organic coordination complexes with terephthalate ligands is synthesized that exhibit reversible capacities above 1100 mA h g−1. The reaction mechanism to describe the multi‐electron redox processes is investigated at the molecular‐level via the synchrotron‐sourced X‐ray absorption spectroscopy and solid‐state NMR analyses. The spectroscopic studies reveal that the electrochemical process involves oxidation state changes of the transition metals followed by additional lithium insertion/extraction in the conjugated aromatic ligands. The combined approaches assisted by synthetic organic chemistry and solid‐state analysis provide mechanistic insights into excessive lithiation processes that have implications for the design of high‐performance anode materials.


In the present work we analyze how physical exercises can influence the increase of a person's immunity; a study of the different types of pathogens is carried out, in particular the characteristics of viruses, their manifestations and appearance are investigated; the characteristics of the immune system as well as immunity, either innate or acquired, are studied. The relationship between viruses and a person's immune system is investigated, as well as how the immune system can react to the presence of a virus. The dynamics of the interaction of the virus vs the immune system is simulated by means of a system of ordinary differential equations, the equilibrium points and the behavior of the trajectories in a neighborhood of the equilibrium points are determined, additionally the critical case of a zero and negative one eigenvalue, giving conclusions about the process in the different cases. physical exercises,


The power supply programs for public auxiliary facilities of COREX furnace of Baoshan Iron Steel Co.,Ltd.are compared and analyzed and a reasonable power supply program is chosen out of the programs.


New L-lysine-based, dumbbell-form, low-molecular-weight gelators, in which two L-lysine derivatives are linked by alkylene spacers, were synthesized and their gelation abilities for aqueous solutions and organic solvents were examined. These gelators are amphiphilic gelators that function as not only hydrogelators but also as organogelators. In hydrogels, these gelators created a three-dimensional network by entanglement of self-assembled nanofibers via hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions. The hydrogel-broken temperatures (Tgel) depended on the carbon numbers of the alkylene spacers and showed an odd–even effect. The FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectra demonstrated a difference in the intermolecular hydrogen bonding modes between the gelators of the even-numbered chains and odd-numbered chains.


Power converters, especially those exploiting fast-switching devices, suffer from ringing, which worsens efficiency, EMI performance and increases the stress of components. Traditional approaches, such as RC snubber and series gate resistance, only partially mitigate the problem, whereas, active gate driver implies sub-optimal switching waveforms. This paper presents a new criterion for controlling the turn-on and the turn-off of a power transistor using a three-levels current driver, which results in optimal switching waveforms. The method shows better performance in terms of efficiency and transient slopes compared to traditional approaches.


Case Presentation A 6 year old Caucasian man with a past medical history significant for (long standing and controlled) HTN, lymphoma (diagnosed yrs ago and currently in remission), and diffuse esophageal spasm presented to an outside hospital with expressive aphasia and right sided weakness. He was treated with tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) for left MCA embolic stroke with excellent clinical response with very minimal residual expressive aphasia. Further work up and evaluation there revealed a large left ventricular apical mass consistent with thrombus and he was subsequently transferred to our facility for further evaluation and management of this apical mass.


. Using density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory, we theoretically studied a new series of five novel metal-free organic dyes, namely D1–D5, for application in dye-sensitized solar cells based on donor– π -spacer–acceptor (D − π − A) groups. In this present study, five different donor groups have been designed based on triphenylamine–stilbene–cyanoacrylic acid (TPA–St–CA). The electronic structures, UV–visible absorption spectra and photovoltaic properties of these dyes were investigated. Different exchange-correlation functionals were used to establish a proper methodology procedure for calculation and comparison to experimental results of dye TPA–St–CA. The TD-WB97XD method, which gives the best correspondence to experimental values, is discussed. The calculated results reveal that the donor groups in D2 and D3 are promising functional groups for D − π − A. In particular, the D2 dye showed small energy levels and red-shift, negative (cid:2) G inject , fastest regeneration and largest dipole moment and exciton binding energy when compared with TPA–St–CA.


This research investigates what distribution of functionality among the server and client is most suitable for browserbased graphical modeling editors. In order to determine the best suitable distribution, two prototypes have been implemented: an AJAX application and a traditional web application. Several speed performance tests have been performed on the prototypes. The conclusion is that a AJAX architecture is better suited than a traditional architecture, because the AJAX prototype oers consider


In recent years, many professional service firms (PSFs) have moved away from the strict application of tournament principles in their career systems, while others have retained these classical stru...


In this paper we introduce an application of real-coded genetic algorithms to the problem of consistent graph layout and exploring the role of mutation for this particular problem. We introduce several forms of mutation, some of which being specific to this problem, and show that the choice of this operator can have a great impact on the performance of the algorithm.


Changes of clay soils under organic and conventional farming

Chemical, mineralogical and soil-physical measurements were performed on clay soils, which were cultivated under conventional and organical production system for the last 14 years. Soils in the organic system [TNL soils] were loosened from 10–35 cm and organic residues and manure were incorporated into the 0–10 cm layer by a rotowator. Soils in the conventional system [TKL soils] were plowed to a depth of 22 cm. Humus and nitrogen reserve and the amount of mobile phosphate in the top soils of the TNL soils were higher than in those of the TKL soils. The exchangeable potassium in the top soil was higher in TKL soils than in TNL soils, whereas the organic system (TNL) showed a more equal distribution within top and subsoil. This observation was confirmed by measurements of the mobile potassium (ARo-values).

The contents of 2:1 layer silicates with expanded layers was lower in the top soil of TKL soils than in TNL soils. This can be explained by the reduced application of liquid manure (Gulle) and the missing application of potassium fertilizer on TNL soils. The layer charge of the expanded minerals ranged from -0.80 to -0.68 for the vermiculites, and from -0.45 to -0.35 for the smectites, per formula unit respectively.

No influence on the percentage of the fine and mid pores was found. The amount of slow draining large pores (O 50-10 μm) was higher in TNL soils than in TKL soils, only in a neighbouring pasture soil the proportion of these pore exceeded those of TNL soils. Measurements of pore continuity did not show such a clear difference between TKL and TNL soils, but was higher for TNL soils.


This research aimed to obtain information and empirical evidence on work-life balance and spirituality to ethical behaviour. This research was conducted at the Public Accountant in East Java. This research uses primary data to obtain vital information from respondents using the saturated sampling method. Respondents of this study were 102 auditors who work at the Public Accountant in East Java. This study uses a causality analysis Structural Equation Model (SEM) based component or variance or with the model name of Partial Least Square (PLS). Hypothesis testing will be done with the help of software Warp PLS 5.0. This research indicates that work-life balance is proved to have a significant positive effect on auditor ethical behaviour, and spirituality has a significant negative effect on ethical behaviour. The research's main objectives are to test the relationship of work-life balance and spirituality to find out whether they contribute to auditors' ethical behaviour.


Gas explosion is one of coal mine accidents in china. The main composition of the gas is methane, but hydrogen is contained in some coal seams and have some influence on gas explosion. In this paper, the main reaction path of gas explosion process is analyzed by CHEMKIN on the basis of detailed mechanism of methane combustion, and the main elementary reaction of effecting gas explosion at high temperature and the law of heat release from basic elements in gas explosion are analyzed. And effect of H 2 on gas explosion is analyzed by numerical simulation. The research results show that H 2 will reduce the priming induction period of gas explosion and has certain influence on the temperature and pressure after gas explosion.


A surgical stapler (or apparatus applying surgical clips) having a half-section (12, 112) of cartridge and a half-section (14, 114) anvil, whose half-sections cartridge and anvil can be moved relatively from a position unfixed to a fully locked position, wherein the cartridge half-section comprises: a bar arrangement (40,140) coupled cam slidably to said cartridge half-section, wherein said arrangement of cam bar includes a pair of extensions surface ( 36, 38, 136, 138) camming characterized by a hole (40a, 140a) formed in a locking bottom surface thereof; and a rocker (52, 152) pivotably mounted to said cartridge half-section, the rocker arm includes a locking surface (52e, 152e) extending down and is spring loaded towards a locking position, wherein said surface locking extends through said locking hole in said cam bar arrangement, thereby preventing a longitudinal movement of said cam bar arrangement and said surface extensions camming.


We consider a scale-invariant inverse seesaw model with dynamical breaking of gauge symmetry and lepton number. In some regions of the parameter space, the Majoron - the pseudo-Goldstone of lepton number breaking - is a viable dark matter candidate. The bound on the Majoron decay rate implies a very large dilaton VEV, which also results in a suppression of other DM couplings. Because of that, the observed dark matter relic abundance can only be matched via the freeze-in mechanism. Another scalar field among the ones included in the model can play the role of the inflaton, predicting a tensor-to-scalar ratio $r \lesssim 0.007$ for metric inflation and $r \lesssim 0.16$ for Palatini gravity.


Abstract Necessary and sufficient conditions for the local existence of a metric compatible with the affine connection are obtained in terms of the Riemann tensor and its first-order covariant derivatives in a generic affine manifold with torsion. In case these conditions are satisfied, the solutions of the metric are given in terms of integrals and are unique up to a constant scale factor. Some global conditions are also obtained and discussed.


Abstract In this paper, we examine how occupants and their dwellings adapt to reduce home energy consumption. Our analysis is informed by recent studies which emphasize the materiality of the home, as well as the impact of technological change within the home. Such approaches are important in clarifying the relationship between home design and home practices, as well as understanding processes of change such as sustainable home adaptation. Drawing on people's experiences of installing solar hot water systems, we found that sustainable home adaptation was not a straightforward process whereby occupant aspirations were delivered through building adaptation, but rather adaptation arose from the differing capacities and practices of occupants and their buildings, and how these were negotiated over time. In particular, we found that successful adaptations were dependent on the integration of the occupant's "folk knowledge" of their home along with the "technical knowledge" provided by tradespeople, suppliers or the occupant themselves. In contrast to mid-century Australian housing new sustainable modes of living demand: working knowledge of the dwelling, reflection on home practices, and case-specific adjustments of dwellings that reflect the needs and capacities of occupants.


A 76-year-old woman underwent I-FP-CIT brain SPECT due to postural reflex impairment. The transverse slices demonstrated increased uptake in the right middle cerebral artery territory. MR images obtained 2 weeks earlier showed cerebral infarction in the corresponding area. I-FP-CIT has high binding affinity for dopamine transporters, especially in the nerve endings of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons.


Seismic data reconstruction is an important practical prerequisite for the most complete "full wavefield" seismic processing algorithms (e.g., in multiple attenuation and imaging) that expect areal coverage on the measurement surface. Our objectives are to 1.) develop a clear and complete conceptual framework for data reconstruction of the entire wavefield at the measurement surface, that includes all seismic events (primaries and multiples), and 2.) develop practical algorithms for interpolation and extrapolation that adhere to this framework. The most sophisticated data reconstruction techniques combine an inverse step followed by a forward data generation step. We show that the combination of making the inverse Born approximation followed by a forward Born-like data generation is applicable to both primaries and multiples, despite the single-scattering assumption of both the forward and inverse Born approximations. We analyze an aperture-limited migration algorithm with constant background velocity for a 1D earth and study the ability to interpolate and extrapolate with different starting apertures in the pre-critical and post-critical zones. Data reconstruction with multiples is also tested, and the implications for free surface multiple removal are considered. We conclude that, with our approach, we can effectively reconstruct seismic data in the pre-critical region using data recorded at pre-critical offsets. Extrapolating from post-critical to pre-critical offsets confronts us with phase problems due to the reflectivity in the post-critical region. We show, for a simple example, that both primary and multiple reflections are reconstructed accurately in both time and amplitude.


Veterinary Officer, Van Vihar National Park, Bhopal. Email: email@example.com Musth is a natural physiological phenomenon exhibited by healthy Asian male elephant (Elephas maximus) during sexually active phase of life. It is the physical and behavioural manifestation of physiological changes, primarily a gradual increase in testosterone level induced by favourable conditions over a period of time (Jainudeen et. al 1972). The period of musth in captive bulls lasts an average of 3 months and is observed in elephants from 15-60 yrs of age (Stracey, 1963 and Sukumar, 1994). It is manifested by altered behaviour and secretion from temporal glands. Animal may turn emotionally volatile or may be unpredictable, externally aggressive and potentially dangerous (Sarma, 2007)


Let G be a profinite group, {Xα}α be a cofiltered diagram of discrete G‐spectra, and Z be a spectrum with trivial G‐action. We show how to define the homotopy fixed point spectrum F(Z, holimα Xα)hG and that when G has finite virtual cohomological dimension (vcd), it is equivalent to F(Z, holimα (Xα)hG). With these tools, we show that the K(n)‐local Spanier–Whitehead dual is always a homotopy fixed point spectrum, a well‐known Adams‐type spectral sequence is actually a descent spectral sequence, and, for a sufficiently nice k‐local profinite G‐Galois extension E, with K ◃ G and closed, the equivalence (EhkK)hkG/K ≃ EhkG (due to Behrens and the author), where (−)hk(−) denotes k‐local homotopy fixed points, can be upgraded to an equivalence that just uses ordinary (non‐local) homotopy fixed points, when G/K has finite vcd.


BackgroundUrinary Incontinence (involuntary loss of urine) is a highly prevalent problem among women with profound effects on their quality of life. Patients tend to conceal their problems and avoid seeking medical help, which results in their prolonged illness and psychological depression. Only a few researchers have focused on finding out the characteristics of incontinent women with prolonged treatment denial. These women's shared features can serve as predictors of treatment delay; screening the incontinent patients for these predictors can point out the susceptible women with delayed help-seeking behaviour who need in-depth counselling and support for their treatment. This cross-sectional study was designed to investigate the predictors of treatment delays of urinary Incontinence among Pakistani women.Methods We performed this survey at Lady Willingdon Hospital outdoor from july1to Dec 31, 2019. We randomly selected one-hundred and six women with urinary incontinence from the gynaecology outdoor to fill the study Performa(sample size calculated with Raosoft, sample size calculator, Inc 2004). The Performa included risk factors of incontinence: demographic features, psychosocial effects of incontinence, the logic behind treatment delay, and the Incontinence Questionnaire UI-short form for incontinence characteristics. We evaluated predictors by analyzing shared risk factors of treatment delay by regression analysis (IBM SPSS statistics 20; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). ResultsThe mean age of participants was 56.11±11.24years (30-77years). Treatment delay ranged from 1-30years; about half of the participants (48.1%) reported >3-year delay. The shared risk factors of treatment-delay were elderly age (OR=1.163; CI:1.075-1.259), embarrassment (OR = 8.15;CI:2.117-31.382), lower subjective severity of symptoms (OR=.316;CI:133-.978) and stress incontinence (OR=8.09;CI:1.87-35).ConclusionIn this cross-sectional survey of urinary incontinent women, elderly age, embarrassment, lower subjective severity of symptoms, and stress incontinence were predictors of treatment-delay among Pakistani women. Trial registrationThis study had ethical approval from King Edward Medical University and registered retrospectively at Clinical trials.gov with reg #NCT04470700 on 13-07-2020.


The present invention, each of which includes at least one electrode (18, 20) provided, and the power supply 24 can accept power of two mechanisms of (10, 12) moveable to a closed position towards each other that from discloses an HF surgical instrument (1). In accordance with the present invention, HF surgical instrument is preferably configured to be adjusted separated for mounting machine, comprising: at least one electrode which can be connected to a power source (24) via at least one electrical connection, or at least one wire (22) ( 18, it includes a bridging means (36), in particular printed-circuit boards (34) including at least one conductive contact (26, 28, 30, 32, 33) for supplying power to 20). Bridging means (36) comprises at least one contact to be able to be introduced in at least one of the two kinds of mechanism can be electrically contacted by at least one electrode (18, 20). Further, the assembly method of the HF surgical instrument is disclosed.


Kenichi IGA received the B.E., M.E., and Dr. Eng. degrees from the Tokyo Institute of Technology, in 1963, 1965 and 1968, respectively. From 1968, he joined the P&I Lab., Tokyo Institute of Technology, became Associate Professor in 1974 and Professor in 1984. He retired Tokyo Institute of Technology in March 2001 and was awarded by Professor Emeritus. Dr. Iga joined Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) as Executive Director from April 2001 to September 2007. He has been serving as the President of Tokyo Institute of Technology from October 2007 till September 2012. From 1979 to 1980, he stayed at Bell Laboratories as Visiting Technical Staff Member. Prof. Iga first proposed and pioneered the research of surface emitting laser (VCSEL) and microoptics. He received 1992 IEEE/LEOS William Streifer Award, 1998 IEEE/OSA John Tyndall Award, 2003 IEEE Daniel E. Noble Award, 2002 Rank Prize, 2001 Purple Ribbon Prize, 2003 Fujiwara Award, 2007 C&C Prize, and 2009 NHK Broadcast Cultural Award. In 2013, he was awarded 2013 Franklin Medal with the Bower Award and Prize in Science.


The purpose of this paper is to present the development of a ``power function,'' P, such that Lagrangian generalized forces, Fqr, which stem from a wide variety of forces (as, externally applied, conservative, dissipative forces proportional to the nth power of speed, etc.) can be obtained from the simple relation: Fqr=∂P/∂qr The value of this easily obtained function lies in the fact that it places the task of determining almost all generalized forces which occur in practice on the same basis as that of determining conservative forces from a potential‐energy function. Moreover, it is equally applicable to mechanical, electrical, and electro‐mechanical systems. Since it is believed that the function has wide applications, several of its most useful forms are listed. Two specific examples are given.


This study develops an e-learning system customized to the needs of high school/vocational school level, with a case study of two schools in North Sumatra. E-learning system is developed using Learning Management System (LMS) eFront which is modified according to user requirements. To obtain the results of the e-learning development, a good implementation plan is required, thus, it is necessary to have a good training and evaluation to assess the ability and understanding of the users in using the e-learning system. Evaluation is conducted by measuring and analyzing the results of pre-test and post-test using statistical approach with SPSS 19. A good implementation plan of the e-learning system needs to be prepared at earliest possible stage, including resource readiness, availability of system services, and information technology infrastructure. The results of evaluations are used for decision making related to the implementation of e-learning in schools. The results show that users ability in using e-learning increase significantly, with the mean value of -12.89.


A new MEKC method has been developed to determine the amount of the phytoalexin, scoparone, in Citrus roots. The separation and analysis was achieved with a running buffer of 100 mM SDS, 25 mM phosphate and 12% (v/v) methanol pH 6.2. Separation was performed at 12 kV with 25 degrees C and UV detection at 200 nm. A near complete recovery of scoparone was obtained with the extraction procedure. The MEKC method was compared with a fluorescence TLC method. The detection limit for scoparone with the MEKC method (2 mu g/mL) was better than the TLC method (10 mu g/mL).


It was found for reattachment jets having large offset ratios that an agreement if good between the experimental results and the results of the approximated calculations obtained by using the solutions of a two-dimensional jet. But flows having rather small offset ratios show different values from the results of calculation. Existence of similarity in the reattachment jet flows having large offset ratios can be well expressed by introducing an appropriate parameter which represents a bubble pressure. Experiments also show that the behaviours of a two-dimensional reattachment jet flow are independent of Reynolds number, but the behaviours of a reattachment jet flow are dependent on Reynolds number in the case of three-dimensional flows having small aspect ratios.


Spiking neural networks have gained significant attention due to their brain-like information processing capabilities. The use of surrogate gradients has made it possible to train spiking neural networks with backpropagation, leading to impressive performance in various tasks. However, spiking neural networks trained with backpropagation typically approximate actual labels using the average output, often necessitating a larger simulation timestep to enhance the network's performance. This delay constraint poses a challenge to the further advancement of SNNs. Current training algorithms tend to overlook the differences in output distribution at various timesteps. Particularly for neuromorphic datasets, inputs at different timesteps can cause inconsistencies in output distribution, leading to a significant deviation from the optimal direction when combining optimization directions from different moments. To tackle this issue, we have designed a method to enhance the temporal consistency of outputs at different timesteps. We have conducted experiments on static datasets such as CIFAR10, CIFAR100, and ImageNet. The results demonstrate that our algorithm can achieve comparable performance to other optimal SNN algorithms. Notably, our algorithm has achieved state-of-the-art performance on neuromorphic datasets DVS-CIFAR10 and N-Caltech101, and can achieve superior performance in the test phase with timestep T=1.


Risk factors for iatrogenic retinal breaks induced by separation of posterior hyaloid face during 23 gauge pars plana vitrectomy Original Citation (2013) Risk factors for iatrogenic retinal breaks induced by separation of posterior hyaloid face during 23gauge pars plana vitrectomy. Eye, Users may access full items free of charge; copies of full text items generally can be reproduced, displayed or performed and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational or notforprofit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided: • The authors, title and full bibliographic details is credited in any copy; • A hyperlink and/or URL is included for the original metadata page; and • The content is not changed in any way. ABSTRACT: PURPOSE: To describe the incidence and features of intraoperative retinal breaks caused by induction of posterior hyaloid face (PHF) separation during 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) METHODS: A prospective, consecutive, single surgeon, observational study of patients undergoing 23-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy (TSV) for macula pathology or floaters, was carried out between 2009 and 2011 at Calderdale Royal Hospital, United Kingdom. PHF separations were categorised as either suction induced or requiring membrane blue (D.O.R.C. Limited) with suction (adherent). The outcome measure was dichotomised into retinal break or tear and no retinal break or tear. Forced entry and parsimonious multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted, 2 using statistical software, to test for significance of association of the set of recorded factors and covariates with the dichotomised outcome measure. RESULTS: Data was collected and analysed from 137 patients. The incidence of iatrogenic retinal breaks associated with PHF separation during 23-gauge PPV was 18.2%. Under both forced entry and parsimonious multiple logistic regression models, the odds of a retinal break or tear reduce by about 3-4% for each increasing year of age. Findings also showed some substantive association in the forced entry model, with the odds of a retinal break or tear for adherent cases being around 3.8 times those for suction-only cases. CONCLUSIONS: Mechanical detachment of the posterior hyaloid face represents an important risk factor in the formation of retinal breaks. Particular care should be taken to examine intraoperatively for iatrogenic breaks in order to prevent missed breaks and subsequent rhegmatogenous retinal detachments.


An ideal floating inductor circuit using translinear conveyors is introduced. The floating inductor simulator uses two translinear conveyors and a single capacitor in its realization. The circuit provides the current controlled ideal floating inductance without any component matching constraints. Simulation results on the floating inductor simulator verify the theory.


Objective To explored the clinical manifestations,classification and related factors of elderly diabetic patients with gastric ulcer.Methods Observation clinical manifestations of 25 cases with gastric ulcer in elderly diabetic patients,and detection of helicobacter pylori and blood glucose in patients,ulcer diagnosed with gastroscopy.Results Peptic ulcer complications in elderly diabetes without obvious clinical manifestations,and positive rate of Hp compared with general gastric ulcer without significant difference(P0.05),There was positive relation between the incidence of ulcers and history of diabetes(P0.01).Conclusion To reduced the incidence of ulcer disease,so in the course of usual medical attention should be paid to the prevention of diabetes complications.


The College of Medicine's mission is to educate medical and graduate students, postdoctoral scholars, and residents, to develop research programs for the advancement of medical and scientific knowledge, and to provide a range of fully integrated patient care. In the discussion of promotion and tenure, it is important to identify these missions and to distinguish the differing roles which faculty members are required to fulfill.


* News Piracy and the Hot News Doctrine: Origins in Law and Implications for the Digital Age. Victoria Smith Ekstrand. New York: LFB Scholarly Publishing LLC, 2005. 213 pp. $62.00 hbk. In the popular film Back to the Future Part II, Marty McFly, while traveling through time, purchases "Gray's Sports Almanac 1950-2000" and hopes that facts-sports scores and records-contained in the almanac will make him rich when he goes back to the year 1985. In reality, Sports Illustrated magazine and ESPN make a profit by publishing contemporary sports almanacs. Facts can be an extremely valuable source of earnings. Indeed, businesses that collect, compile, and process raw information have become highly profitable in the information age. Many, including most recently the database industry, have been long seeking for a property right in the facts that they find and report. However, U.S. copyright law does not protect facts. Based on the firm belief that facts are the building blocks of creativity, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in a 1991 case that all facts-scientific, historical, biographical, and news of the dayare part of the public domain available to everyone. In the light of the increased commercial interest in raw information and the intense labor that is required to collect and process facts, that facts are left unprotected under copyright law is a troublesome issue for businesses that find and report facts. News Piracy and the hot News Doctrine is an exemplary book addressing this troublesome issue. Victoria Smith Ekstrand, an assistant professor at Bowling Green State University, brings a rich context and fresh look to the "hot news" doctrine. The doctrine is rooted in the 1918 U.S. Supreme Court decision in International News Service v. Associated Press that recognized a quasi property right in news between competitors under the tort of misappropriation and protects against the piracy of breaking news and real-time information. Ekstrand first examines the history leading to the INS case and provides detailed background material on the case. Then, she analyzes the INS case in-depth and explores subsequent cases, between 1918 and 1997, that have interpreted the /NS case, with subsequent changes in copyright law and in technology. Lastly, she gives a detailed look at the most recent appeals case to address the hot news doctrine, National Basketball Association v. Motorola (1997), and argues that the doctrine "still serves a valuable purpose and does so best as common law" because of its flexibility. …


The algorithm can be realized using only binary Boolean functions which have significantly reduced computational complexity, while the accuracy of motion estimation is maintained .So using GBPM algorithm can greatly reduce the computational load and make the digital image stabilizer realize real-time stabilization.


We examine the relation between four cultural dimensions and countries' decisions to adopt International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) around the world. Using a sample of 76 non-EU countries, we analyze IFRS adoption decisions during the period 2003-2014 to test the hypothesis that country differences in cultural traits can explain parts of the variation in countries' decisions to adopt IFRS. We find that countries with higher levels of uncertainty avoidance are more likely to adopt IFRS. Additionally, they are more likely to commit to early adoption largely on a voluntary rather than mandatory basis. On the other hand, countries with higher values of masculinity are more likely to adopt IFRS early, but the extent (whether voluntary or mandatory adoption) of adoption is not significantly related to masculinity. The results, which are robust to a number of alternative explanations and specifications, suggest that differences in national culture had a significant role in countries' reaction to the introduction of IFRS as a set of unified accounting standards targeting the harmonization of accounting standards adopted across different jurisdictions.


Objective To investigate the clinical value and toxicity of weekly docetaxel combined with cisplatin / 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy for patients with advanced gastric cancer(AGC).Methods Twenty eight patients with advanced gastric cancer(AGC)were treated with weekly docetaxel 35mg/m2 iv infu- sion for 1 hour in the first,eighth,and fifteenth days combined with DDP 75 mg/m~2 iv infusion in three days and 5-Fu 500 mg/m~2 continuous intravenous infusion for 24 h from the first to the fifth day,and repeat the regimen every 28 days.The efficacy and toxicity was evaluated after 2~6 cycles.Results Twenty eight pa- tients were evaluated for clinical response:CR 2 cases,PR 13 cases,SD 7 cases.The clinical beneficial re- sponse rate was 53.4 %.Median time to progression(TIP)was 8.7 months and median survival time was 11.8 months,the overall 1-year survival rate was 47.8 %.The main side effects were bone marrow suppression and nausea.Conclusion Chemotherapy of weekly docetaxel combined with cisplatin/5-fluorouracil is an effec- tive and well tolerated regimen in the treatment of AGC.


Objective. We examined differences among seven major ethnic groups in Hawaii in life expectancy at birth (e[0]) and mortality at broad age groups. Methods. We constructed life tables for 2000 for Caucasian, Chinese, Filipino, Hawaiian, Japanese, Korean, and Samoan ethnic groups in Hawaii. We partitioned overall mortality into broad age groups: <15 (representing premature mortality), 15–65 (representing working age), and 66–84 and ≥85 (representing senescent mortality). Results. The overall e(0) in Hawaii was 80.5 years, but the difference between the longest-living group (Chinese) and the shortest-living group (Samoan) was 13 years. Chinese had the lowest mortality rates in each age group except the ≥85 category. In this last age group, we observed anomalously low rates for some new immigrant groups (especially Samoan males) suggesting, as a cause, that elders in these immigrant groups may return to natal countries in their old age and die there. In the <15 age group, mortality rates for Samoans and Koreans were highest, especially for Korean girls, suggesting some continuance in the U.S. of a preference for boy children. Outside of these anomalies, ethnic differences in e(0) were likely explained by socioeconomic and behavioral variables known to affect mortality levels, which are closely associated with ethnicity in Hawaii. Conclusions. These findings confirm the need to disaggregate Asian and Pacific Islander data, to conduct ethnic-specific research, and to address socioeconomic disparities.


[Objective] To study the extraction condition of MOP and the anti-proliferative effect of MOP on human cervical carcinoma cell and hepatoma cell.[Methods] The extraction condition was optimized by orthogonal experiment and the anti-tumor activity of MOP in vitro was detected by MTT assay and immunofluorescence.[Results] The MOP was extracted and the anti-proliferative effect of MOP on on human cervical carcinoma cell and hepatoma cell was effective.[Conclusion] It provides the foundation for study on the extraction and anti-proliferative effect of fungal polysaccharide.


With the reform and development of higher education, in order to comply with the development trend of the new era of internationalization and informatization, improving college students' English writing ability has increasingly become the focus and difficulty to be solved by both teachers and students. On the basis of analyzing and probing into the present situation of college English writing and its causes, this paper puts forward that the school should make great efforts from the aspects of English teaching materials, course hours and English network platform; and teachers should improve their teaching mode, evaluation methods and quality; and students should improve themselves in terms of grammar skills, thinking ways and self-efficacy. The school, teachers and students should work together to improve the English writing ability of college students. Introduction With the development of international communication and the arrival of the Information Internet Plus Era, the study and application of English among college students is becoming more and more universal and life-oriented. "Listening, speaking, reading and writing" are four essential part of college English. Among them, writing is an important part and teaching link of English teaching content in colleges and universities, which is also a project with strong application, wide comprehensive knowledge and great difficulty in training. [1] By analyzing and studying the present situation of English writing in colleges and universities and its reasons, this paper explores the effective ways to improve college students' English writing ability. It has a positive role and great practical significance for contemporary college students to adapt to the social trend and realize their comprehensive development under the background of the Information Internet Plus era and the internationalization era. The Present Situation of College English Writing and Its Causes Colleges and Universities Improper English Writing Textbooks English writing of college students is based on school English textbooks. Currently, there are not specialized English writing materials in most colleges and universities. English writing part is only placed after each unit of the textbook, which exists as an extracurricular assignment. On the one hand, most English textbooks make the writing content of each unit scattered, which can only simply train the students' basic grammar and vocabulary without deepening the ability of students to form sentences; on the other hand, if teachers ignore writing training, students are less likely to participate in writing, and improving their writing ability can only be a mere paper talk. [2] Inappropriate English Teaching Arrangement According to the latest edition of the Guidelines on College English Teaching: in the English teaching arrangement, the general English course related to the basic goal and the improvement goal is a compulsory course, 4 lessons per week. At present, teachers can only teach students English articles and listening training in such limited English teaching hours. The English writing training can only be a few after-school exercises, and composition correction is only a simple 4th International Conference on Social Science and Contemporary Humanity Development (SSCHD 2018) Copyright © 2019, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 281


The satisfiability (SAT) problem is an important topic in many AI applications, such as theorem proving, decision making, etc. One of the widely adopted approach for SAT problems is the Davis-Putnam procedure (1960). In this paper, we propose an implementation of the Davis-Putnam procedure based on the RETE-like network. By this way, we can gain much efficiency in both CPU time and memory usage.


Describe the basic principle of data collecting and compressing card of audio/video in DVR digit supervise management system,analyze the direction of data flowing,demonstrate the performance of its driver for Linux,and offer reference for DVR designer and have an effect on the design of embedded DVR.


Based on a study of the literature, this work analyzes questions related to the family-school relationship. It offers a definition of the family, its different compositions and its specific function; it deals with the specifics of school and the existing interdependence between both systems. Concepts concerning this relationship are explored, which are divided into a sociological and a psychological approach. Researches involving the family-school relationship are presented, according to special treatment to the views of the various players involved in the relationship. The reflections from a study of the literature suggest a relationship punctuated by situations with some kind of problem, by the school's actions in teaching the parents about how to be parents and by the decreased participation of parents in school activities as the child progresses through school. Given the present situation with family-school relationships, the challenge is to develop new research and help to transform this relationship through the appreciation of the positive aspects related to the educational process.


The a3 – CuB region of ba3 (PDB 1ehk & 1xme) has three domains: The heme a3 is coordinated to H384; the CuB is coordinated by imidazole rings of H282 & 283, and H233, which is also covalently linked to Y237; and the "water cluster" roughly comprised of the ring‐III propionate side chain H‐bonded to the guanidinium group of R449, the ring‐IV propionate H‐bonded to D372 and H362, and several water molecules; O54 (1xme) bridges the two propionate side chains and H‐bonds to the ND‐H atom of H283; O33 bridges NH of R449 to the ring‐IV propionate. We postulate a mechanism of H+ pumping that begins when an O2 reacts with Fe(II) of a3 to create Fe4+=O2− and with CuB+ to form Cu3+=O2−. The resulting scalar chemistry is "vectorialized" by interaction with the membrane spanning H+‐exit (H376 & E126)‐ and H+‐entrance (II‐E15) gates. We suggest three hypotheses for the H+ pumping mechanism:


Abstract : The purpose of this report is to document the selection of course content and the Beta testing performed on the CBI modules developed to instruct personnel in the FSB companies. The report documents the performance gains (on computer-based tests) attained by the test subjects, and discusses some of the characteristics of the lessons that appear to be related to their relative effectiveness. BDM Federal, Inc. was contracted by the Advanced Research Projects Agency and the Army National Guard to develop a series of computer-based courses to instruct soldier in the supply, maintenance, and medical companies of the Forward Support Battalion (FSB). FSB Training Lanes were used to identify the critical skills that could be taught best by application of computer-based instruction (CBI). Subject-matter expert and instructional designers examined the content and sequencing to determine if they were appropriate on a a-priori grounds. This was followed by a phase of Alpha testing in which the developers performed a trial-run of the lessons. Finally, a phase of 'Beta testing' used real subjects to determine the extent of learning.


Target selection method based on formation shape is superior to those of traditional.In order to study practical target selection algorithm based on formation shape,the character of model of target selection method based on formation shape should be analyzed.The essential of these kinds of method is point set matching,so the character of origin of point sets,the transformation between point sets,corresponding relationship between point sets,and distant function of two point sets were studied one by one.Based on these characters,the target selection algorithms based on formation shape were classified as target selection algorithms based on iterative convergence and target selection algorithms based on transformation sets.


We present site-dependent Sb-doping effects and optical phonon scattering-limited charge transport properties in a layered chalcogenide SnSe2. It was found that a group V element Sb acts as an electron acceptor at the cation site of Sn and as an electron donor at the anion site of Se in SnSe2 compounds. This phenomenon could be interpreted successfully by analyzing Bader atomic net charge, which is strongly affected by the difference of electronegativity between the elements. The charge transport mechanism in SnSe2, which had been controversial, was found to be optical phonon scattering with T−5/2-dependence, and the bandgap was measured to be ∼1.0 eV.


As one of the important components of higher education, the importance of physical education in colleges and universities is beyond doubt, and physical education in colleges and universities can not only improve the physical quality of students, but also exercise the minds of students. However, physical education in colleges and universities has not been given due attention, most of the students do not have sufficient interest in physical education, there are serious obstacles to the development of physical education in colleges and universities in China. This paper mainly analyzes and studies the problems existing in physical education in colleges and universities in China, and also puts forward some countermeasures for the development of physical education in colleges and universities in China.


Point-referenced spatial data often come as multivariate measurements at each location Examples: Environmental monitoring stations yield measurements on ozone, NO, CO, PM 2.5 , etc. In atmospheric modeling at a given site we observe surface temperature, precipitation and wind speed In real estate modeling for an individual property we observe selling price and total rental income We anticipate dependence between measurements at a particular location across locations Multivariate Spatial Processes – p. 1/5


Plasmonics open up new ways to construct optically thick but physically very thin photovoltaic absorbers. Silver is the most favored plasmonic material, and has demonstrated the lowest parasitic absorption losses among other noble metals. However, the presence of many different sets of optical constants for silver in literature makes it difficult to conduct reliable theoretical analysis. Realistic predictions necessitate optical constant data sets that are more accurate, considering that even small variations can influence calculation of Surface Plasmon effectiveness. Surface tarnish layers form quickly when silver is exposed to air making it challenging to determine the optical constants from air exposed samples. Our work aims to determine a reliable set of values that can be used with confidence in predicting experimental outcomes. We measured the optical data of silver using a novel method avoiding the air exposed side that might be contaminated. Our work seeks to pinpoint accurate values by using a range of different measurement approaches.


PURPOSE: An inorganic oxide particle-containing silicon resin sheet is provided to have high heat resistance and strength and to have excellent flexability and transparency. CONSTITUTION: An inorganic oxide particle-containing silicon resin sheet consists of a crosslinked structure which is crosslinked by a chemical bond that an inorganic oxide particle dispersed in a polysiloxane resin and the polysiloxane resin are combined by a chemical bond and has a tensile elongation of 5-15%. A carboxy group-containing primer composition is used for an adhesive sheet(4) which has an adhesive layer(3) comprising a carboxylic group-containing polymer as a base polymer and comprises a crosslinked structure in which a polysiloxane compound is crosslinked on the surface of a core, which is formed of an inorganic oxide particle, by a chemical bond.


FIELD: food industry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to farm industry and may me used during fabrication of devices for preserving agents introduction into the roll. The device contains a vessel, a cutout valve, a filter, a pipe-line, sprayers, a cross-flow fan. The cross-flow fan width is equal to the width of the shaft selected. The working liquid supplying is performed through ejection sprayers installed in the fan outlet air duct at a distance from one another, the outlet air duct ensuring the spray cones overlapping on the shafts surface. The air duct is designed in the form of a diffuser. EFFECT: device ensures additional stirring of the preserving agent with herb mass in the process of the latter milling due to the preserving agent introduction into the roll that is before the herb mass is milled. 2 dwg


Aim: This study was conducted for the isolation and molecular characterization of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) isolated from the nasal and vaginal swabs collected from naturally infected cattle showing clinical symptoms of the respiratory disease. Materials and Methods: Isolation of BoHV-1 virus performed on clinical samples collected from 65 cattle from five states of India. The BoHV-1 isolates were further confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers specific for glycoprotein B (gB) genomic region. PCR amplification was performed using previously published gB gene-specific primer pairs. gB PCR amplicons obtained from all isolates were sequenced, and phylogenetic analysis was performed using software. Results: A total of 12 samples were found positive in cell culture isolation. 11 isolates showed the visible cytopathic effect on Madin-Darby bovine kidney after 72 h. Partial sequence analysis of gB gene of all isolates revealed 99.0-100% homology between them. All isolates showed 99.2-99.8% homology with Cooper stain. Conclusion: BoHV-1.1 is the predominant circulating subtype of BoHV in India, and all isolates have homology with Cooper stain.


The synthesis and magnetoelectric characterization of multiferroic Bi 5 Ti 3 FeO 15 is presented. Samples were obtained by the molten-salts method. Structural analysis was performed by means of electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. The increase of plate-like crystallites' dimensions with increasing reaction temperature is characterized. Magnetoelectric parameters are measured under a pulsed magnetic field of 2 · 10 4 Oe amplitude. Textured polycrystalline ceramics are property cut and electrically polarized. Longitudinal and transversal magnetoelectric voltages are sensed, from liquid-nitrogen to room temperatures. Only low-temperature transverse magnetoelectric effect is observed as significant.


In this paper, we propose a hybrid multi-agent model to describe the interaction taking place on artificial financial markets. In particular, we consider discrete dynamics for the nodes' state variables, which are updated at each trading session. The edge state variables, which define the network of mutual influence, evolve continuously with time. The delicate interplay between the topological evolution of the network and the wealth of the financial agents is analyzed with extensive numerical simulations in selected scenarios.


It was first established that Bi(III) can be reduced by Ti(III) complexes in an autocatalytic mode and that the main features of the process can be interpreted in terms of pure electrochemical mechanism. The electrochemical parameters of partial reaction coupling, which could be easily changed by means of the Bi(III) and Ti(III) ions complexation, govern the possibility of the process as well as its rate and the nature of the product formed (continuous film or stable sol)


This paper provides an overview of Local Public Service Agreements (LPSAs) as they have developed in the UK. The LPSA is a scheme in which a local authority commits itself to achieving a range of demanding targets, agreed with central government, that reflect national and local priorities. An important purpose is to force improvement by 'stretching' performance beyond the norm, with additional financial rewards and additional freedoms being made available to successful authorities. The background, context and policy objectives associated with the introduction of LPSAs are reviewed, and the basis of LPSA agreements and the freedoms and flexibilities that accompany them described. Piloting and the wider rolling out of LPSAs in both the first and second generations are considered in the light of the experiences of two very different authorities: Kent County Council and the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. Reactions to the LPSA process at the local and national levels are assessed in relation to the high expectations placed upon this new programme.


In order to control temperature in greenhouse better,a fuzzy neural network PID control was presented in this paper. The intelligent controller can adjust the parameters according to the variation of system characteristics even if the system model is unknown,and meet the requirement of realtime control. The approach showed the characteristics of outstanding adaptability and selfstudy ability,satisfactory dynamic performance,and certain application values by simulation results.


In this thesis I will explore the relationship between Nozick's self-‐ownership principle and freedom. I will defend G.A. Cohen's critique of self-‐ownership and try to show how his argument that self-‐ownership is hostile to genuine freedom presents a problem for Nozick. I think it is clear that Nozick's self-‐ownership does little to protect a meaningful sort of freedom; and a meaningful sort of freedom is exactly what Nozick aims to protect. This is true because eudaimonistic moral beliefs ought to undergird Nozick's self-‐ownership thesis, and self-‐ownership can therefore be assessed in light of whether it actually promotes human flourishing in the relevant ways. This undergirding eudaimonism becomes clear when we see that self-‐ownership is intended to protect the ability of each individual to pursue and act upon her own conception of the good.


Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (marantic endocarditis) has been considered by many authors to be an incidental postmortem finding in cachetic individuals and to have no clinical significance.1-4There have been occasional references to the possibility of embolization from the valvular vegetations.5-9Allen and Sirota8and also Angrist10have studied the problem of nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) in some detail and consider this entity to be of prime importance in the initiation and progression of bacterial endocarditis. Angrist and Marquiss9presented evidence relating the lesion to a high incidence of infarcts in brain, coronary arteries, kidney, spleen, and extremities. In a recent study stressing the clinical significance of the lesions, MacDonald and Robbins11confirmed this phenomenon by demonstrating a high incidence of embolic infarctions of clinical importance. Such embolization was occasionally directly contributory to the patient's death. The purpose of this paper is to emphasize the


BackgroundPrimary sinonasal renal cell-like adenocarcinoma (SNRCLA) is an extremely rare neoplasm with unique clinical and pathological features. At present, there is no summary of its clinical and pathological characteristics. We treated one case and reported to here. Review the domestic and foreign literature, summarize its clinical pathological characteristics and diagnosis and treatment.CaseA 69-year-old female presented with repeated epistaxis, nasal obstruction of 2-years' duration. Computed tomography (CT) was performed revealing an irregular mass of the right nasal cavity involving choana and nasopharynx. The patient was treated with endonasal endoscopic resection. Histologically, SNRCLA was very similar to clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the tumor cells were round or polygonal in size with abundant clear cytoplasm and uniform nuclei. The tumor cells positive for CK7, Vimentin, EMA, S-100, Ki-67 (5% +) and negative for CEA, P53, P63 by immunohistochemical staining,. The patient is free from recurrence over 27 months after the surgery.ConclusionSNRCLA seems to be a low-grade localized carcinoma associated with favorable prognosis. Surgical resection is recommended as the main stay of treatment.


This study has been conducted in the context of a degree in Optoelectronics, in which a special component on optoelectronics and optical fiber technology, starts in parallel with a conventional second year university physics course. Despite the considerable success of this optics course, it has become clear that there is a need to improve the presentation of topics such as; diffraction and propagation of monochromatic pulses along optical fibers. In this work we seek to structure an outline of the essential principles of light propagation in a nonconduction, nonabsorbing dielectric, that is consistent with Maxwell's equations and yet avoids the solutions for conducting waveguides and the other traditional analysis that usually follows. The conditions on the electric field E(t) and the magnetic field H(t) applied in the manner prescribed by Diament1 leads to a series of field equations for interaction with both perpendicular and oblique plane dielectric surfaces. These equations are then solved numerically to obtain familiar and extended results that illustrate the principles of refection, refraction and thin-film filters. We aim to introduce the subject of mode dispersion and include a discussion of pulse compression.


In recent years, machine learning (ML) algorithms have been approved effective in the intrusion detection. However, as the ML algorithms are mainly applied to evaluate the anomaly of the network, the detection accuracy for cyberattacks with multiple types cannot be fully guaranteed. The existing algorithms for network intrusion detection based on ML or feature selection are on the basis of spurious correlation between features and cyberattacks, causing several wrong classifications. In order to tackle the abovementioned problems, this research aimed to establish a novel network intrusion detection system (NIDS) based on causal ML. The proposed system started with the identification of noisy features by causal intervention, while only the features that had a causality with cyberattacks were preserved. Then, the ML algorithm was used to make a preliminary classification to select the most relevant types of cyberattacks. As a result, the unique labeled cyberattack could be detected by the counterfactual detection algorithm. In addition to a relatively stable accuracy, the complexity of cyberattack detection could also be effectively reduced, with a maximum reduction to 94% on the size of training features. Moreover, in case of the availability of several types of cyberattacks, the detection accuracy was significantly improved compared with the previous ML algorithms.


Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine how to minimize intramedullary femur pressures, and therefore the risk of fat embolus syndrome, during surgical procedures which require preparation and instrumentation of the femoral canal. Methods: To study intramedullary femur pressures and experimental model and a finite element model were developed. The experimental model ustilized a bone analogue which consisted of a porous plastic cylinder, having similar porosity and pore size to human femoral bone, with bone marrow being represented by a paraffin wax/petroleum jelly mixture. The finite element model consisted of a three dimensional analysis of a cylinder filled with bone marrow with a reamer advancing through it. Variables such as speed of insertion, fluid viscosity and relative diameters of the instrument and the inner diameter of the simulated bone were varied to see how they affected pressures. Results: The intramedullary pressures increased with increasing speed of instrument insertion, increasing marrow viscosity, and increased diameter of the instrument relative to the inner diameter of the bone. Experimental and finite element results were in reasonable agreement. Conclusions: We concluded that slower instrument insertion rates and a greater ratio of bone inner diameter to instrument diameter may minimize the intramedullary pressures and therefore minimize the risk of fat embolus syndrome. In addition, two novel techniques to analyze intramedullary femur pressures have been developed. Funding : Education Grant Funding Parties : NSERC


Contents Preface 1. Fossils in Art and Book Illustration in Early Modern Europe 2. The Late Seventeenth Century and the Eighteenth Century 3. The Nineteenth Century 4. The Paleontologist Poses with Fossils 5. Early Photography in Paleontology, 18401931 6. The Twentieth Century Notes Bibliography Index


The City of San Diego is planning to reclaim and beneficially reuse 86 million m3 of reclaimed water per year by 2010. The plan was developed through an analysis of the potential markets for reclaimed water, quality and quantity of reclaimable wastewater, disposal options for excess reclaimed water, and the cost of distribution. The program resulted in a plan to provide 450,000 m3/day of treatment capacity by 2010 in 7 water reclamation plants to be constructed in two or more phases. Flexibility was incorporated into the system by providing options for disposal of excess reclaimed water, plant expansion, shifts in market demand, and changes in regulations.


The method of Java Applet and design of multimedia Web page are discussed.The method has strong function of interoperablity and dynamicablity.Now Java Applet is an advanced method in making Web by using Java Scirp,HTML and Java Applet languages.


This book review presents the basic premise of the book, which is use of poetry to teach undergraduate courses. The author of the review shares her own experiences with using poetry to teach college courses and highlights the beginning chapters. The editors of the book, Frank Jacobs, Shannon Kincaid and Amy. E. Traver, and other authors share their experiences from a workshop on the use of poetry in college. Empirical and anecdotal examples do well to underscore the need for more arts-based education and particularly poetry in teaching college courses.


A propagation path loss model for NLOS vehicle to vehicle communications at an intersection is presented in this paper. The model is based on experimental data at a field experiment. To adapt the model to variation of the road parameters such as a road width and a distance to the intersection, the dependence of the propagation loss characteristics on the parameters are analyzed using a path loss estimation model which has already been proposed. The analyzed results are included in the experimental propagation characteristics to improve the estimation accuracy.


Vector-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, West Nile virus, and so forth are some of the most prominent threats to human health. They are transmitted to the human population by infected insects or by direct transmission between humans. The epidemic process relies on suitable environmental and climatic conditions. Indeed, climatic factors affect the development of pathogens in vectors as well as the population dynamics of the vectors impacting significantly the incidence of disease in the human population. While the influence of the climatic conditions on Vector-borne diseases is well-documented, there is a strong need to design more realistic epidemiological models incorporating environmental features that show a close relationship with the epidemic process observed in the human population. Indeed, classical models concentrate either on the climatic influence on the vector population dynamics or on the connectivity patterns of the host population, loosing the full picture of the epidemic process dynamics. Inspired by real data of infectious diseases, a Seasonal Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (Seasonal SIR) epidemiological model is developed and analyzed. The proposed model incorporates the influence of the temperature variations together with the heterogeneous structure of the human interaction network on the spreading process of vector-borne diseases. Simulations are performed in order to get a better understanding of the climate variations and of the heterogeneous nature of the contact network on the transmission dynamics. Results show that failing to incorporate these features on the model can lead to a poor estimation of the maximum fraction of infected individuals in the host population. Furthermore there is a serious influence on the time needed to reach this maximum. The Seasonal SIR model proves to finely model the dynamics of outbreaks observed in real-world situations. It provides a basis for more effective predictions of disease outbreaks that can be used in order to implement appropriate control measures to contain epidemics.


A simplified method is proposed to evaluate limit load at incipient plastic collapse for a pipe made of ductile materials with multiple circumferential flaws. Fitness-for-service codes such as the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section XI specify limit load analysis for a pipe with a single flaw. Multiple flaws caused by stress corrosion cracking have actually frequently been detected in the same or adjacent weld lines. Therefore, some methods of evaluating limit load for a pipe with multiple flaws have been proposed. Bending stress at limit load i.e., collapse bending stress is evaluated regarding actual flaw depths, angles and locations of multiple flaws with these methods. Computational evaluation is required because of the enormous number of repetitive calculations. Thus, simple evaluation that can be applied to multiple flaws is required to incorporate into the code procedure. A simplified limit load analysis for multiple flaws in a pipe was developed in the present study based on a net-section approach. Multiple flaws were characterized as equivalent symmetric through-wall flaws on the basis of the sizes and locations of the original flaws. The collapse bending stress for the equivalent flaws was evaluated from simple equations on the basis of the net-section approach. The collapse bending stress for original flaws was determined from a lower value between the largest single flaw in the original flaws and equivalent flaws. The collapse bending stresses were evaluated based on previous and present studies. The results from a comparison demonstrated that the simplified limit load analysis could accurately be applied to a pipe with multiple flaws.Copyright © 2014 by ASME


Summary form only given. The COSMIC project has proven the utility of radio occultation (RO) in extraction of temperature profiles in the global atmosphere for application to numerical weather forecasting, with GPS satellites acting as the source of the occulted radio signals. However, it is also possible to extract information on the location and intensity of turbulence in the global atmosphere using RO. Such information is of considerable societal utility in applications such as aviation safety. We present and contrast two different methods of turbulence retrieval. The first method depends on identifying non-stable regions of turbulence overturns in the potential temperature profiles extracted using GPS RO and characterizing the dissipation rate of turbulence kinetic energy by suitable assumptions on the overturn scale. This technique is useful at altitudes above 5 km, where humidity effects can be ignored, with vertical resolution being the prime limiting factor. The second technique uses the spectrum of refractive index fluctuations along the signal path to estimate the structure constant of these fluctuations. This method works best at high altitudes. The pricipal limitation in understanding turbulence in the global free atmosphere is the extreme dearth of empirical data due to the expense and difficulty of deploying in-situ sensors. A few Stratosphere/Troposphere (ST) radars still in operation around the world do monitor turbulence in the atmospheric column above to altitudes of about 25 km. We identify RO events in COSMIC data archives occurring within a 1/2o box encompassing the ST radar at Wales, UK, and compare the turbulence retrievals from the above two techniques to radarretrieved values.


What was it about nuns and convents that so entranced the imaginations of nineteenth-century readers of gothic novels and chapbooks? Why did this reading population recur to meditating on the enigma of women shut up in gloomy cloisters with only a few celibate men allowed access to them? What sort of ideological fantasy work did this representation accomplish for a population that was determined to believe that such an arrangement was not only unnatural, but dangerous and ultimately threatening to the body politic?


This study explores the world of robotic swarms, looking at their distributed control systems and the formation of intelligent behaviours. The paper demonstrates how decentralized control allows robotic swarms to independently decide locally while encouraging behaviours like flocking, exploration, and task distribution. These behaviours reveal how swarm systems are flexible and scalable, particularly in dynamic environments. The effects are wide-ranging and include uses in agriculture, disaster readiness, surveillance, and environmental monitoring. Robotic swarms led by decentralized control have a lot of potential to improve automation and robustness in practical settings. The study does, however, highlight the need for continued research in algorithm design to strike a balance between individual autonomy and group collaboration. When using robotic swarms, security measures and ethical considerations are crucial factors. By providing options for additional investigation and experimentation with robotic swarms as a platform for teaching and developing the subject, this research makes a positive contribution to the robotics research. Overall, the results highlight the potential and difficulties of distributed control in robotic swarms, as well as its broad impact on a variety of fields of study.


The article discusses three novels, where events take place in Samara (Kuibyshev). These are "Metro-2033: Bezymyanka [Underground-2033: Bezymyanka] (2010) by Sergey Paliy, "Bezymyanlag" (2016) by Andrey Olekh and "Pischeblock [Food Unit] (2018) by Alexey Ivanov. The work reveals the reasons for this localization of events that is identical for all the authors. In all the three cases, the location plays an important narrative role, which is explained in the article by both the authors' hope to get the Samara readers sympathetic attention, and the need to have specific recognizable details that is characteristic of mass literature, which give force to generally sketchy narration. Urban history facts, geographical marks, well-known loci local mythological narratives associated with them play the role of such details. The Samara portrait is constructed taking into account the tradition of depicting provincial existence as an alternative to metropolitan life, developed in the literature of the XIX century. The province could be idealized as a world of harmony, lost by the city, or ridiculed as a centre of savagery and backwardness. But these novels show Samara, surprisingly combining both the terror of urban life and the salutariness of suburbs. The heroes are tasked to escape to move from urban space to country one, facing unbelievable difficulties. Samara is a convenient locus for genre works: this city is not tagged with the characteristics firmly fixed in the mass consciousness, so anything can happen there. Such Samara absorbs all the worst and all the best that can be told about any city. The sharp polarization of its features enables to create a semantic field where events take place in a very way - that increases the dynamics of the described actions and makes them especially impressive in the readers eyes.


In this paper, we revisit the much studied problem of Pattern matching with Swaps (Swap Matching problem, for short). We study the graph theoretic model proposed by [8] and using the model, devise an efficient algorithm to solve the swap matching problem. The resulting algorithm is an adaptation of the classic shift-and algorithm. For patterns having length similar to the word-size of the target machine, the algorithm runs in O(n) time, where n and m are the length of the text and the pattern respectively.


Professor Joseph DeSimone attended Ursinus College (PA, USA) where he received his Bachelor of Science Degree in Chemistry. He completed his PhD in Chemistry in 1990 at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (VA, USA). Professor DeSimone moved to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH; NC, USA) where he was Assistant Professor of Chemistry until 1994. He was appointed Mary Ann Smith Professor of Chemistry at UNC-CH and Professor of Chemical Engineering at North Carolina State University (NC, USA) in 1995 and subsequently became William R Kenan Jr Distinguished Professor of Chemistry at UNCCH in 1999. He is currently the Chancellor's Eminent Professor of Chemistry at UNC-CH and the William R. Kenan Jr Distinguished Professor of Chemical Engineering at NC State. In 2004, Professor DeSimone founded Liquidia Technologies (NC, USA) which received the first ever equity investment by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation in a for-profit biotechnology company. He has received over 50 awards and accolades throughout his career, including the 2008 Lemelson-MIT Prize. Professor DeSimone has authored over 290 papers, as well as issuing 130 patents. Joseph DeSimone


The trap level characteristics are attracting much attentions in electrical and electronic engineering, which are closely associated with electrical properties of insulating materials. This paper try to modify the trap level characteristics of Low-density Polyethylene (LDPE), by incorporating graphene nanofillers into polymer with a filler content of 0.001, 0.003, 0.005, 0.007 and 0.01 wt%. The effects of filler content and ambient temperature on the trap level distributions are investigated, based on the isothermal surface potential decay (ISPD) method under 30, 50 and 70 °C. The experimental results show that the deep trap level and density increase with the filler content from 0 to 0.005 wt%, and then decrease with the further increase to 0.01 wt%. The increases of deep trap level and density affect the detrapping processes and suppress the electron injection into polymer bulks and cause a much slower downward trend in ISPD curves, especially at ambient temperature of 70 °C. Additionally, the apparent deep trap levels increase as temperature increases, since deeper and deeper traps are involved in the charge-release mechanism. It is concluded that the graphene nanofiller loading with a content of 0.005 wt% introduces large quantities of deep charge traps in the polymer-filler interfacial regions, which reduce the detrapping rate of charges and suppress the charge injection into polymer.


The evidence supporting the role of sentinel lymph node dissection (SLND) as a means of axillary staging of patients with early breast cancer has increased dramatically over the past few years. Studies have shown that SLND provides a less invasive, yet highly effective means of staging the axilla. Recent data shows decreased morbidity and hospital stay in patients undergoing SLND (vs. axillary lymph node dissection (ALND)) [1], and axillary recurrence rates around 1% [2]. There are currently two ongoing, prospective randomized trials that will define the role of SLND in early breast cancer. The NSABP clinical trial B-32 has accrued over 3,900 patients and is expected to be completed within the next 1–2 years. In this trial patients with tumor-free sentinel nodes are randomized to ALND or no ALND. The prognostic significance of sentinel node micrometastases will also be determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) after adequate follow-up data has been analyzed. The American


Environmental investigations of the extent and effect of contamination, and projects to remediate such contamination, are designed to mitigate perceived threats to human health and the environment. During the course of these investigations, excavations, borings, and monitoring wells are constructed: monitoring wells are developed and purged prior to sampling; samples are collected; equipment is decontaminated; constituents extracted and analyzed; and personal protective equipment is used to keep workers safe. All of these activities generate waste. A large portion of this waste may be classified as hazardous based on characteristics or constituent components. Waste minimization is defined as reducing the volume and/or toxicity of waste generated by a process. Waste minimization has proven to be an effective means of cost reduction and improving worker health, safety, and environmental awareness in the industrial workplace through pollution prevention. Building waste minimization goals into a project during the planning phase is both cost effective and consistent with total quality management principles. Application of waste minimization principles should be an integral part of the planning and conduct of environmental investigations. Current regulatory guidance on planning environmental investigations focuses on data quality and risk assessment objectives. Waste minimization should also be a scoping priority, along withmore » meeting worker protection requirements, protection of human health and the environment, and achieving data quality objectives. Waste volume or toxicity can be reduced through the use of smaller sample sizes, less toxic extraction solvents, less hazardous decontamination materials, smaller excavations and borings, smaller diameter monitoring wells, dedicated sampling equipment, well-fitting personal protective equipment, judicious use of screening technologies, and analyzing only for parameters of concern.« less


Aim: The aim of the Quality Improvement project, funded by the Health Foundation, was to further evaluate the Congenital Heart Assessment Tool (CHAT) and to implement quality improvements in the tool, creating a second version called CHAT2.

Methods: This poster will present evaluation of CHAT2 (within THF project) by parents and health care professionals (HCP), led by Dr Kerry Gaskin, through a clinical simulation exercise with HCPs at the University of Worcester (20th/22nd June 2017) and a focus group with parents during a workshop at the Little Hearts Matter Open Day (17th March 2018). Participants' experiences relating to the feasibility, acceptability and usability of the CHAT2 were explored by using the clinical scenarios to role play situations where parents and HCPs would need to use the CHAT2. The clinical scenarios with HCPs were video recorded with and audio recorded with parents. Participants were asked to feedback at the end of the scenarios (verbally and written), evaluating the CHAT2 for ease of use and suggestions for implementation in practice.

Findings: Four themes emerged from the data analysis including: Suggestions for improved documentation; Aspects to consider during preparation and in dialogue with parents; Preparation of health care professionals; Communication

Conclusions: The project team need to focus on the preparation of a toolkit for HCPs so that everyone knows how to use the CHAT2. The toolkit needs structure to indicate how and when CHAT2 should be used before discharge as well as creating a standard discharge pack for centres to use nationally.


An indirect immunofluorescent assay(IFA) was developed for the detection of pathogenic escherichia coli from artificially infected rabbits and diseased yak.The results showed that the developed IFA was highly specific,sensitive and could be used for general assay of pathogenic escherichia coli from yak.


This report summarizes trainee evaluations for the Safety Training Section course, Injury/Illness Recordkeeping'' which was conducted September 17, 1992, at Savannah River, in Aiken, SC. This class was designed to acquaint attendees with DOE Orders 5484.1, 5484.lA, draft 3 and the OSHA regulations found in 29 CFR 1904. Sections 1.1 and 1.2 of this report summarize the quantitative course evaluations that trainees provided upon completion of the course. Section 1.3 summarizes the trainees written comments on the course and Section 1.4 provides examination results. Appendix A provides a transcript of the trainees' written comments and Appendix B presents the trainee evaluation form which students were asked to complete.


The invention relates to a direct current capacitor voltage control method for power units of a chained SVG (static VAR generator). The method includes the steps: each phase of converter chain comprises a plurality of series link power units; reactive compensation current is calculated in upper-layer control; 3, a regulating voltage vector for total active and reactive control in a system is calculated; 4, an instantaneous value of regulating control output voltage of each link power unit in lower-layer control; 5, fine adjustment of balance control output voltage is calculated; 6, an actual control output quantity is obtained by stacking the instantaneous values of regulating control output voltages and the fine adjustments of balance control output voltages. The method has the advantages that a hierarchical control method is adopted, an algebraic sum of the fine adjustments of the balance control output voltages of the link power units of the same phase in lower-layer control is approximate to zero, and upper-layer control is unaffected; the lower-layer control and the upper-layer control are decoupled, control characteristics are good, and parameter design is simple; direct current capacitors are well uniform in voltage, and output waveform quality is high.


The interaction of species in an ecological community can be described by coupled system partial differential equations. To analyze the problem numerically, we construct a discrete system using finite volume approximation by space with semi-implicit time approximation to decouple a system. We first simulate the converges of the system to the final equilibrium state for given parameters (reproductive rate, competition rate, and diffusion rate), boundaries, and initial conditions of population density. Then, we apply catastrophic events on a given geographic position with given catastrophic sizes to calculate the restoration time and final population densities for the system. After that, we investigate the impact of the parameters on the equilibrium population density and restoration time after catastrophe by gradually releasing the hold of different parameters. Finally, we generate data sets by solutions of a two-species competition model with random parameters and perform factor analysis to determine the main factors that affect the restoration time and final population density after catastrophic events.


Abstract These tests have clearly shown the desirability of compounding this polymer with zinc oxide, magnesia, and rosin, and have demonstrated that these three ingredients when used together have a desirable effect that cannot be obtained with, or even predicted from, the results obtained with any one of them alone or the combination of any two of them. It has been shown further that, although it is possible to obtain good vulcanized products from this polymer without the addition of sulfur, a great increase in the rate of cure and substantial improvement in physical properties of vulcanized products result from the use of as little as 0.5 per cent of sulfur on the weight of the polymer. it is further shown that pine tar and rosin oil may be substituted for rosin but that they are somewhat less efficacious. The authors postulate that the value of rosin, pine tar, and rosin oil is probably due to the organic acids that they contain. Coumarone resin and brown factice are shown to be desirable compounding ...


Abstract This article argues that efficient use of cognitive strategies involves not only strategies, but domain‐specific knowledge, metacognition and motivation as well. Besides, efficient use of cognitive strategies is seen as socially mediated. It is also discussed how each of the components of the strategy system may be modified through instruction. In the final section, issues concerning cognitive strategy instruction in the classroom and component analysis of complex instructional programmes are discussed. It is concluded that a hybrid model representing a compromise between the notion of cognitive strategies and current connectionism may best capture the characteristics of human information processing.


Objective To discuss the CT findings of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of nasal cavity and its prognosis.Methods The CT findings of 46 patients with nasal NHL comfirmed histopathology were respectively analysed. These data were brought into univariable Cox model system, then plotted K-M curves and finally performed statiscally analyses with log-rank-test.Results 1 CT findings showed as follow: ① 40 cases (T-cell 34, B-cell 6) located in anterior part of nasal cavity and 6 cases (T-cell 5,B-cell 1) in posteror part of nasal cavity. All 20 cases (T/NK-cell 19, B-cell 1) with cheek skin change resulted from lesions originated from anterior part of nasal cavity. ② 23 patients were infiltration type, which easily invade adjacent tissue (20/23 cases). ③ Bone destruction was characterized by mouse nibbled or cribriform bony obsorption only in 7 cases ( 15.22% ). 2 univariable analyses showed that the prognosis was related to lesion morphology, bony change and invasive extent of adjacent organ ( P 0.05 ). Total survival rates were 91.3% , 65%, and 52.2% respectively at 1, 3, and 5 year.Conclusion The CT findings not only play a important role in diagnosis of nasal NHL, but also can evaluate the prognosis on the base of CT features.


Sensing-throughput tradeoff under outage constraints has been studied before by assuming that sensing channels are independent and identically distributed (i.i.d). However, the plausible and reasonable assumption is that the sensing channels are independent but not necessarily identically distributed (i.n.i.d). In this work, we derive a closed form expression for the false alarm probability of cooperative spectrum sensing using an energy detector under outage constraints. This false alarm probability relies upon a new threshold which takes into account an outage constraint on the probability of detection due to the i.n.i.d slow and fast fading Rayleigh channels. The results showed that the throughput still improves as the number of secondary users increases over i.n.i.d Rayleigh fading channels. In addition, the throughput degrades dramatically as we move from fast fading to slow fading ones.


In Australia in the 1990s, a complex combination of industrial and political factors interact with gender to produce the exploitation of child-care workers. Examination of the industry reveals the crucial role that government funding and policy play in determining working conditions. Analysis of the child-care industry also highlights the extent to which conditions in the industry are determined by a complex regulatory apparatus comprising legislation, regulations and departmental guidelines specific to the industry in addition to awards. Concentration on the characteristics of a distinctly female dominated industry reveals some of the limitations of mainstream industrial relations theory. It is clear that neither industrial relations nor feminism has yet provided the theoretical tools necessary not simply to explain the exploitation of women workers in such industries but also to overcome it.


Deep learning techniques have demonstrated significant advancements in the task of text classification. Regrettably, the majority of these techniques necessitate a substantial corpus of annotated data to achieve optimal performance. Meta-learning has yielded intriguing outcomes in few-shot learning tasks, showcasing its potential in advancing the field. However, the current meta-learning methodologies are susceptible to overfitting due to the mismatch between a small number of samples and the complexity of the model. To mitigate this concern, we propose a Prompt-based Graph Convolutional Adversarial (PGCA) meta-learning framework, aiming to improve the adaptability of complex models in a few-shot scenario. Firstly, leveraging prompt learning, we generate embedding representations that bridge the downstream tasks. Then, we design a meta-knowledge extractor based on a graph convolutional neural network (GCN) to capture inter-class dependencies through instance-level interactions. We also integrate the adversarial network architecture into a meta-learning framework to extend sample diversity through adversarial training and improve the ability of the model to adapt to new tasks. Specifically, we mitigate the impact of extreme samples by introducing external knowledge to construct a list of class prototype extensions. Finally, we conduct a series of experiments on four public datasets to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method.


ABSTRACT P HYSICAL features of the stall, IT limitations of the individual cow, and characteristics of the feed ma-terial all affect the ingestion rate of dairy cows. Dairy cows change their average rate of ingestion with stall configuration, feed bowl shape, con-centrate requirement of the individual animal, and stall accessibility. These factors combine to control the maxi-mum number of animals that can be supplied a concentrate ration in an automatic, individual, ad libitum feeding system. The number of animals that can be supplied by a single unit has a direct effect on the relative cost of the system per animal. In this research, cows ate 0.48 cm diameter pellets 17 percent faster than meal and ate meal at 0.29 and 0.39 kg/min when the dispensing rates were 0.45 and 0.91 kg/min respec-tively. Whether multiple-feed stalls were visually isolated or not had no significant effect on the amount of feed received by the cows, although it did affect the patterns of stall use. The amount of feed that could be dispensed per stall per day was limited to approximately 180 kg with the stalls used, with meal dispensed at 0.45 kg/min and with the cows getting essentially all of their daily concen-trate requirements.


AIM;To explore the association between TLR4 gene Asp299 Gly polymorphism and the susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2MD),and to provide basis for evidence-based medicine for the genetic background of T2 MD.METHODS:Electronic search strategy was carried out,using Pub Med,Wan fang Database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) and CBM from inception to July 2015 to collect data on the association between TLR4 gene Asp299 Gly polymorphism and the susceptibility to T2 MD.Fixed effects model or random effects model was employed according to statistical tests for homogeneity.Publication bias was assessed by rank correlation test.RESULTS:A total of 5 studies were available for this analysis,including 2 199 cases and 1 414 controls.The meta-analysis results of Asp299 Gly genotype showed OR =1.05,95%CI=0.85-1.29,P=0.68 and the allele results were OR = 1.05,95%CI = 0.86-1.28,P = 0.66.CONCLUSION:TLR4Asp299Gly polymorphism may be not associated with T2 MD.


ABSTRACT After 25 years with small to moderate gains in performance in mathematics, scores on the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) main assessment declined between 2013 and 2015 in Grades 4 and 8. Previous research has suggested the decline may be linked to the implementation of the Common Core state standards. In this article, the decline in the NAEP composite score is shown to be driven primarily by losses in the content strands of Geometry and of Data Analysis, Statistics, and Probability. A gain in fractions achievement is also evident in an item-level examination of the NAEP results, but not in reported NAEP scores. These effects are discussed with respect to the CCSS, the rationale for evaluating national progress, and a potential redesign of the NAEP assessment.


Bol operators (Bols for short) are differential operators invariant under the projective action of $\mathfrak{pgl}(2)\simeq\mathfrak{sl}(2)$ between spaces of weighted densities on the 1-dimensional manifold. Here, we described analogs of Bols: $\mathfrak{pgl}(a+1\vert b)$-invariant differential operators between spaces of tensor fields on $(a\vert b)$-dimensional supermanifolds with irreducible, as $\mathfrak{gl}(a\vert b)$-modules, fibers of arbitrary, even infinite, dimension for certain ``key"values of $a$ and $b$ -- the ones for which the solution is describable. We discovered many new operators for $(a|b)=(2|0), (0|3)$ and for the case of $1\vert 1$-dimensional general superstring which looks like a~most natural superization of Bol's result, additional to the cases of super analogs of Bols between spaces of weighted densities on the $1\vert n$-dimensional superstrings with a~contact structure we classified in arXiv:2110.10504. In the case of fibers of dimension $>1$, there are $(a+b-1)$-parameter families of Bols, whereas there are no non-scalar non-zero differential operators between spaces of weighted densities. These two extreme answers justify the selection of cases here.