This paper aims to study the composition of the phytoplankton and phytoperiphyton and some limnological aspects in the Urubui River basin at North Peripheral Amazon, Brazil. The samples were collected during the flood and ebb periods of 2002 and 2003. Urubui River (01°59'38"-02°37'5"S; 60°01'38"-60°01'48"W) is characterized by acidic water (pH » 4.7) with dark color, a low sediment load, and high content in dissolved organic matter derived from broken down plant material and from the production of humic substances. The river is controlled by the annual inundation of the Negro River. Temperature, pH, conductivity, oxygen, COD, potassium, total nitrogen, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, phosphate, and silica were measured in four stations of the river. During this survey, 147 taxa were recognized and chlorophytes (49.7%) and chromophytes (28.6%) were the more abundant groups. During the ebb periods the highest richness were registered with 64.7%. Zygnemaphyceae (44%), Bacillariophyceae (26%), and Euglenophyceae (14%) were the most representative taxonomic classes. Linear regression analyzes showed that the nitrogen forms (total N, N-NO3- and N-NH4+) had large influence on the distribution and species richness.


A Schur-based factorization procedure is described for impedance matrices transformed into a localizing basis. A recently reported factorization strategy relying on a sparse QR factorization of the transformed impedance matrix was shown to exhibit improved efficiency relative to standard direct factorizations. It is shown here that a Schur factorization provides additional efficiencies.


We present our key scientific, operational and performance findings from 3 years of research and development into using underwater chemical sensors for deep-water hydrocarbon seep exploration. Chemical sensors have a particular role to play when using underwater vehicles for deepwater hydrocarbon seep exploration. This work developed viable, value-generating scientific and operational practice for deploying chemical sensors on underwater vehicles. Our laboratory testing has calibrated the systems to 4.5 km water depth and our field trials have taken these technologies to water depths of 2.6 km in the Gulf of Mexico. We have learnt that critical to the use of chemical sensors is understanding how the natural environment allows propagation of dissolved hydrocarbons in the ocean. We have used chemical sensors to detect hydrocarbons at significant distances from seeps. We will discuss, the overall performance of the systems, real-time calibrated measurement of dissolved gases, essential supporting sensors, operational considerations and how the hydrocarbon measurements compare to those found in proximal water/sediment. When underwater chemical sensor data is assessed in real-time, it can add value in efficiently finding the seep location and discriminating between potential sampling locations. AAPG Datapages/Search and Discovery Article #90310 ©2017 AAPG/SEG International Conference and Exhibition, London, England, October 15-18, 2017


In this article a practical laboratory session for teaching operating systems in real time (RTOS) with 32-bit microcontrollers is described. This session is thought to be imparted in the Computer Engineering degree, through a methodology of project-based learning (PBL) [1]. Specifically, this practice session encompasses Hardware/Software RTOS communication between a microcontroller with Cortex- M4 core vector and a software application written in C # using Visual Studio 2010 via virtual serial ports (VCP). This practice is focused as a project that students must be making from scratch, by achieving several milestones, to obtain a final system. The system to develop is divided into two parts. First, we have a STM32 microcontroller family running a completely free RTOS, CoOS, which receives commands to move motors, and simultaneously sends information about distance sensors and using the serial port. On the other hand we have a PC with a Windows system operating family, where a visual application, which shows the value of the sensors and allows to send commands to the microcontroller motion and position is constructed.


The aim of this work was to evaluate the ecotoxicity of municipal sewage sludge, after conditioning with polyelectrolytes, coming from a selected wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Microtox M500 and Aliivibrio fischeri (luminescent bacteria) were used for the assessment of toxicity. The most common presentation of inhibition result of chosen test is EC50 value, which is equal to concentration causing 50% reduction in light. Ecotoxicity studies were made for water extract of municipal sewage sludge conditioned with polyelectrolytes (polyacrylamide). Samples came from two selected municipal wastewater treatment plants located in the Silesian region, where technology is based on mechanical and biological treatment of sewage (referred to as A and B). At WWTP A all sample solutions were classified as toxic. Sludge after dewatering on the press had a highest toxic effect 64.32 TU after 15 min of exposition. For sewage sludge taken from drying tunnel toxic effect 12.12 TU (after 15 min). In WWTP B sample of sludge before fermentation chamber were toxic: 14.03 TU (after 15 min), raw sludge and sludge after the press weren't classified as toxic. This study revealed new insights into the acrylamide problem. Furthermore, it showed successful use of Microtox assay to measure acrylamide toxicity in the sewage sludge.


With the development of arbitrary waveform generation technology, multiplexed (MUX) digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and Timing-interleaving (TI) technique are important for arbitrary waveform generation. The structure of multiple MUX-DACs with TI is used to realizing high output signal frequency. However, with increasing total number of MUX-DACs, the synchronization of multiple MUX-DACs becomes more and more complex. Therefore, this paper proposes a synchronization method of multiple MUX-DACs. Based on this method, without keep data clocks in phase, the synchronization of multiple MUX-DACs can be realized only by adjusting the output of data source.


This review paper illustrates the recommended monitoring technologies for the detection of various greenhouse gaseous emissions for solid waste thermochemical reactions, including incineration, pyrolysis, and gasification. The illustrated gas analyzers are based on the absorption principle, which continuously measures the physicochemical properties of gaseous mixtures, including oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and methane, during thermochemical reactions. This paper illustrates the recommended gas analyzers and process control tools for different thermochemical reactions and aims to recommend equipment to increase the sensitivity, linearity, and dynamics of various thermochemical reactions. The equipment achieves new levels of on-location, real-time analytical capability using FTIR analysis. The environmental assessment study includes inventory analysis, impact analysis, and sensitivity analysis to compare the mentioned solid waste chemical recycling methods in terms of greenhouse gaseous emissions, thermal efficiency, electrical efficiency, and sensitivity analysis. The environmental impact assessment compares each technology in terms of greenhouse gaseous emissions, including CO2, NOx, NH3, N2O, CO, CH4, heat, and electricity generation. The conducted environmental assessment compares the mentioned technologies through 15 different emission-related impact categories, including climate change impact, ecosystem quality, and resource depletion. The continuously monitored process streams assure the online monitoring of gaseous products of thermochemical processes that enhance the quality of the end products and reduce undesired products, such as tar and char. This state-of-the-art monitoring and process control framework provides recommended analytical equipment and monitoring tools for different thermochemical reactions to optimize process parameters and reduce greenhouse gaseous emissions and undesired products.


Enthusiasm, earnestness, devotion and idealism are the main essence of Fu Lei spirit. The reiteration of Fu Lei spirit is intended to underscore the indispensable condition with which Fu Lei became the master of literary translation insurmountable today, and to provide the due remedy for the ostentation currently prevalent in the circle of translation.


Analysts of large-scale political processes frequently invoke invariant models that feature self-contained and self-motivating social units. Few actual political processes conform to such models. Revolutions provide an important example of such reasoning and of its pitfalls. Better models rest on plausible ontologies, specify fields of variation for the phenomena in question, reconstruct causal sequences, and concentrate explanation on links within those sequences.


BACKGROUND: The production of paper makes use of cellulose and lignin as a raw material, and almost all cellulose and lignin production comes from raw wood materials, contributing to deforestation and resulting in potential environmental harm. It is therefore beneficial to develop technologies for cellulose and lignin recovery for re-use and sustainability of resources.

RESULTS: Three imidazolium based ionic liquids (ILs), 1-(2-cyanoethyl)-3-methylimidazolium bromide (cyanoMIMBr), 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (propylMIMBr) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (butylMIMCl), were synthesised by microwave technology and fully characterised by mass spectrometry, thermogravimetric differential scanning calorimetry, thin layer chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies. Cellulose and lignin were soluble in all three ILs with solubility being greatest in cyanoMIMBr. Regeneration of cellulose and lignin was achieved from saturated solutions of cellulose in IL and lignin in IL for all three ILs. The ILs propylMIMBr and butylMIMBr have been used for the first time in the separation and recovery of cellulose and lignin and regeneration of the IL from a mixture of cellulose and lignin in IL. FTIR analysis confirms successful recovery.

CONCLUSIONS: This work demonstrates the ability of ILs to separate and recover cellulose and lignin from a mixed system. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry


Objective The aim of this study was to disclose the association of NOEY2 with pancreatic carcinoma. Methods Twenty-six human pancreatic carcinoma tissue specimens (23 cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, 3 cases of insulinoma), 12 normal pancreatic tissues and 8 human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines (Pu-Pan-1, Miapaca-II. Panc-1 , Cfpac-1, Aapc-1 , BXPC3, HS766T, SW1990) were collected. The final diagnoses of all the cases were confirmed by a senior pathologist. The expression of NOEY2 protein in pancreatic carcinoma and normal pancreatic tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry method, and the expression of NOEY2 protein and mRNA in the cell lines were detected by immunocytochemistry and Northern blot hybridization method. Results (1) NOEY2 protein was expressed in the cytoplasm of normal pancreatic ducts cells, pancreatic acini cells and islet cells. (2) The NOEY2 protein was found in 12/23 pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissues (both carcinoma tissue and adjacent tissue). No NOEY2 protein was detected in 11/23 pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissue, which consisted of two types; NOEY2 protein was detected from 2/11 carcinoma adjacent tissue but not from pancreatic carcinoma tissues, in other 9/11, no NOEY2 protein was detected from pancreatic carcinoma tissues or carcinoma adjacent tissue. (3) The expression of NOEY2 protein was not correlated with the grade of differentiation of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. (4) NOEY2 protein was not found in 3 insulinoma tissue. (5) Neither NOEY2 protein nor mRNA was detected in any of the 8 pancreatic carcinoma cell lines. Conclusions NOEY2 is a possible tumor suppressor gene which may play a role in the pathogenesis of pancreatic carcinoma.


The requirement of urban underground space development of Changchun city has been raised. According to interrelation of the stratigraphic sequence and the transformation of the strata of the adjacent holes, and ground three-dimensional superficial model, a 3D visible model of the quaternary stratum has been established, which the stratum is the target area . The model was established on the basis of bore data, which includes the data of over 2,500 geotechnical and hydrological exploration holes, and more than 50 control holes. All the holes were on the target area of which the total size is 1,156km2. A module of 3D Strata Modeling of GMS software??? STRATIGRAPHY MODELING) has been used. Practice proves that they are effectual measures to improve the precision of model, which establishing logical virtual holes with geological data and adopting three-dimensional hypostatic model to construct the geological structure.


Final state interactions in the $S$--wave $\pi\pi$ system (I=0,2) are re-examined on the basis of the Omn\`es-Mus\-khe\-li\-shvili equation and the coupled channel formalism. The contributions to the pion scalar form factor from $\rho$ and $f_2(1270)$ exchange in the $t$--channel and from the $f_0(980)$ $s$--channel resonance are separately evaluated and the role of the nontrivial polynomial in the Omn\`es function in a coupled channel situation is elucidated. Applications are made to $K\to \pi\pi$ and $pp\to pp\pi\pi$. It is found that the contribution from the $f_0$ resonance to the form-factor is strongly reduced by a nearby zero.


ABSTRACT The tropical tanner grass, Urochloa arrecta, is one of the worst aquatic plant invaders in Brazilian freshwater ecosystems. This study aimed to compare beds of macrophytes dominated and without U. arrecta in the Guaraguacu River, a subtropical tidal river in South Brazil, to analyze effects that this invasive grass has on the biodiversity of native macrophytes at two spatial scales. We compared macrophyte beds dominated by tanner grass to macrophyte beds without, considering species richness, composition, and beta diversity at two scales of variation: among-beds and within-beds. We expected that beds dominated by tanner grass would have lower biodiversity, thus promoting macrophyte biotic homogenization. Our results confirmed our hypotheses, highlighting the lower species richness in beds dominated by tanner grass. Species composition differed among beds. In general, nestedness among beds dominated by U. arrecta was more related to variation in species composition. Beds dominated by tanner grass had lower turnover and higher nestedness within beds. This study indicates a prominent sign of biotic homogenization promoted by U. arrecta, and highlights the degree of biotic homogenization among and within beds.


Phononic crystals (PC) are periodic structures or composites exhibiting elastic band gaps within which sound and vibration are all forbidden. For a PC sample with finite periods and finite size, vibration with certain frequency following into the gaps will be significantly attenuated when it propagates along the specimen. Such a property of PCs offers a new approach to control vibrations in engineering structures. However, PC beams with certain frequency gap will bring additional resonances with lower frequency, which are harmful and must be taken into account. Here in, A PC beam with periodically attached local resonators (LR beams) is used to attenuate vibration propagation from its one end to the other. The transfer matrix (TM) of LR beams is formulated and the vibration transmissibility is calculated with TM method. The insertion loss of those attached resonators is used as an indicator for comparison of different designs. The parameters of local resonators are optimized with genetic algorithm to minimize vibration transmission in specified frequency range covering both stopping band (gap) and passing band. In addition, constraint such as add-on mass and displacement limits are also taken into account during the optimization. The optimized results are analyzed for validation. The influences of resonators' parameters on the vibration transmissibility of LR beams are also investigated and summarized. The proposed optimizing approach and the summarized rules are referable for controlling vibration propagation in beams with PC gaps.


Objective To investigation how to solve the contradiction between the timely surgery and long-time waiting for specified date in cataract patients, and the problem of early prevention and treatment of other eye disease. Methods Random epidemiological data and follow-up results were employed for statistical analysis. Results The average time waiting for cataract surgery is 8.7 months. The rate for glaucoma patients missing the surgery opportunity is rising. Conclusion It is the limitation that projects 'Sighfist China Action' is implemented in cataract patients and in specified time. To reflect the spirit of 'First Action For Vision', we should break through these limitations.


In the translation of Shakespeare's plays,the most prominent feature of Zhu Shenghao is in line with the appreciation of the literary aesthetics for Chinese readers and also with the language style of Shakespeare,and the whole text is poetic poetry and prose poem.In translation practice,Zhu Shenghao's " Poetic Charm" reflects the literariness,the inherent beauty and the original charm of Shakespeare's plays,and also reflects Zhu's aesthetic pursuit in translation.


AbstractTowards the end of the eighteenth century, Edward Jenner proved that inoculation with live cowpox virus immunises against smallpox. The induction of immunity depends on the ability of cowpox – and the related vaccinia viruses that superseded it – to replicate in the recipient. Like most viruses, these agents are inactivated quite rapidly at temperatures much above 0°C and so, from Jenner's time onward, means for preserving smallpox vaccine were explored. The earliest methods, used by Jenner and others, included direct arm to arm transfer, and drying material from vaccination lesions on glass, ivory, or silver surfaces. Within a few years, bulk vaccine was being prepared in animals, and in the early nineteenth century a method was devised for testing its potency. Many workers tried to preserve smallpox vaccine, the main methods being the addition of so called 'protective substances' to liquid vaccine; drying from the liquid state; and drying from the frozen state (freeze drying). The first two were...


The transverse resonance method is used to evaluate the effective dielectric constant of a material present in the form of multiple slabs that partially fill a waveguide cell. It is shown that the commonly-used linear relationship for the effective dielectric constant of a mixture of dielectrics holds good to better than 1% accuracy only when the slabs are, in general, of a width each less than 5% of the wavelength in the dielectric. Alternative mixture equations with empirical terms are also presented.


At MESA 2005 in Washington, DC, the MESA Graduate Student Organization (GSO) organized a panel entitled "The Job Market 101" to explore the procedures and pressures of the academic job search process. The panel included Rochelle Davis (Assistant Professor of Culture and Society in the Center for Contemporary Arab Studies at Georgetown University), Tamir Moustafa (Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Wisconsin, Madison), Shira Robinson (Assistant Professor of History at the University of Iowa), and John McNeill (Cinco Hermanos Chair of Environmental and International Affairs in the Department of History at Georgetown University and that department's Director of Graduate Studies). I chaired the panel and agreed to prepare this report. Along with the contributions of the panelists, the participation of graduate students and others in the audience made this panel successful.1 Three of the four panelists were recent doctoral graduates who shared their experiences with successfully acquiring an academic job in different disciplines of Middle East Studies. The fourth panelist, John McNeill, offered the perspective of a senior scholar outside the field of Middle East Studies who has served on over thirty hiring committees over the course of his career in departments of history, area studies, political science, anthropology, and literature. Furthermore, the panel sought to represent the specific and distinct concerns of numerous disciplines within the field of Middle East Studies. It is the hope of the GSO that the following practical advice culled from the personal experiences of junior and senior faculty members on different aspects of the job search process will serve as an instructive guide for all those engaged in this often daunting and most important step in one's career. One of the first issues covered by the panel was how and where to find postings for academic jobs and post-doctoral fellowships. The panel strongly recommended starting the job search early, as it requires a great deal of time. Most jobs are now advertised through various listservs, university career centers, the MESA website, The Chronicle of Higher Education, and through the websites and publications of other professional organizations.2 The panel agreed that listings of post-doctoral fellowship opportunities are more difficult to find but that there are many available. Most Middle East Studies centers sponsor some sort of post-doctoral fellowship as do organizations such as the Mellon Foundation and others. In terms of the materials required for the job application by various departments or


Brushless DC (BLDC) motors are becoming an increasingly popular motor of choice for low powered vehicles such as mopeds, power assisted bicycles, mobility scooters, and in this reported application, motorised mountain boards. With rapid developments in technology, high energy density batteries such as Lithium-ion Polymer batteries are becoming more affordable and highly suitable for such vehicles due to the superior charge rate and light weight of the lithium chemistry batteries. This combined with the high power, light weight, and low cost BLDC motor results in the BLDC motor being a very favourable solution over an internal combustion engine for low power vehicles with power requirements of up to 7kW. A BLDC motor controller was developed specifically for the motorised mountain board application. The motor controller is a sensored BLDC motor controller which takes inputs from Hall Effect sensors to determine the rotor position. Many other sensors are used to monitor the variables that are critical to the operation of the motor controller such as the motor phase current, battery voltage, motor temperature, and transistor temperature. The reported system is further enhanced by several additional features such as output for an LCD screen, regenerative braking, timing advance, cruise control, and soft start functions. These topics are discussed briefly in this paper.


Natural language processing for programming aims to use NLP techniques to assist programming. It is increasingly prevalent for its effectiveness in improving productivity. Distinct from natural language, a programming language is highly structured and functional. Constructing a structure-based representation and a functionality-oriented algorithm is at the heart of program understanding and generation. In this paper, we conduct a systematic review covering tasks, datasets, evaluation methods, techniques, and models from the perspective of the structure-based and functionality-oriented property, aiming to understand the role of the two properties in each component. Based on the analysis, we illustrate unexplored areas and suggest potential directions for future work.


ABSTRACT
Objective: To explore possible associations of a multidisciplinary team approach compared to a non-multidisciplinary team approach on delay and completion of treatment of head and neck cancer patients.Methods:     Design: Historical Cohort Study     Setting: Tertiary Private Training Hospital     Participants: A total of 240 records of head and neck cancer patients from January 2016 and December 2018 were included in the study; 117 underwent a multidisciplinary team approach and 123 underwent a non- multidisciplinary team approach.Results: Only 24.79% of head and neck cancer patients under the multidisciplinary team approach had treatment delays compared to 37.40% under the non-multidisciplinary team approach. The proportion of treatment delays was significantly higher (χ2 = 4.44, p = .035) with the non-multidisciplinary team approach. Comparative treatment completion of 77.78% and 69.11% under the multidisciplinary and non-multidisciplinary team approaches, respectively, were not significantly different (χ2 = 2.31, p = .129). Conclusion: The multidisciplinary approach might be associated with decreased delay in treatment among patients with head and neck cancer compared to the non-multidisciplinary team approach. A possible trend toward better treatment completion rate was also observed, but it did not reach statistical significance


The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the distractor on multiple choice tests to detect the students' errors and the types of errors students made in solving math problems. This research is a descriptive qualitative study which research subjects were students of class IX MTsN Model Banda Aceh that consisted of 36 students, then three students were selected as subjects to be interviewed about mastery and mistakes made when completing math problems. Data were collected through tests and interviews which validity was used to test the credibility of the data by means of triangulation. Data analysis consisted of the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that: 1) A good distractor on multiple choice tests had been completed such as a description test question for each answer option chosen by the students was very effective for detecting students' errors in solving mathematics problems, in which 17.1% of students incorrectly applied mathematical concepts , 3.7% of students made mistakes due to lack of accuracy or error, 1.2% of students misunderstood the problem, and 4.7% of students did not make a solution, but only guessed from the ten questions given. 2) Conceptual errors made by the three subjects (MAH, BSR, and PES) were errors in analyzing the combined area of space and errors in algebraic factorization. Errors in understanding and applying the difference formula were only done by the subject MAH, errors in determining the square root of a number were only done by the subject BSR, and errors in squaring a number were only done by the subject PES. While procedural errors due to lack of thoroughness or error in substituting a value were carried out by subject MAH and PES, errors due to the inability to manipulate steps to solve a problem were only carried out by the subject MAH, and errors in writing the final results were only done by the BSR subject.


In this paper, a study on the design of the primary mirror for satellite camera and its mounts is presented. In the design of the mirror, reducing its weight as well as improving optical performance is crucial design requirements. For high optical performance with light-weight, partially open back type and hexagonal cell pattern are adopted. Height of mirror, cell diameter and wall thickness are chosen as design variables. In order to obtain optimal design variables, a parametric study is carried out. Also, Optical performance of primary mirror is highly dependent on the mountdesign and severely deteriorated due to over-constraining by the mounts. Therefore, design of the mounts is carried out for high optical performance. Finally, the performance of the mirror system is investigated by numerical analysis of the system. In the analysis, the mechanical properties of the adhesives which are used to attach the mirror to the mounts are considered.


A generalized type ofrenal damage in children with VUR has been defined by Smellie (16) and by Hodson (6) as diffuse parenchymal thinning with generalized calyceal clubbing and papillary atrophy. Within the entirely damaged parenchyme focal accentuation can be found. This type is mostly seen in the first IVU of infants with gross VUR. Development in initially normal kidneys has been documented only in cases


We fabricated Si nanowire (NW) nFETs, and used them to experimentally demonstrate the superior noise properties of 3D MOSFETs. By carefully comparing the NWFETs with planar FETs, we found that it was critical to control the location of the centroid of the electron density in the inversion channel in order to obtain a noise spectral density with low magnitude. Self-consistent calculations of the Schrödinger and Poisson equations clearly reveal the advantages of NWFETs in electron distribution due to quantum confinement, specifically in the small gate-overdrive (Vg-Vt) condition. Moreover, by increasing Vd, the range where the NWFET exhibits superior noise properties to a planar FET can be extended to larger Vg-Vt because the effective Vg near the drain is reduced.


Xinru Tang, Dongyang Zhao, Ying Zhang, Xianghua Ding Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, Fudan University; School of Computer Science, Fudan University {15300160005,15307110394,16210240023,email@example.com Xinru Tang; Dongyang Zhao; Ying Zhang; Xianghua Ding (2019): AuDi: an AutoFeedback Display for Crowdsourcing. In: Proceedings of the 17th European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work: The International Venue on Practice-centred Computing an the Design of Cooperation Technologies Exploratory Papers, Reports of the European Society for Socially Embedded Technologies (ISSN 2510-2591), DOI: 10.18420/ecscw2019_ep05


There can be few, if any, of the last century's foremost intellectuals who can have possessed anything like the expansive range of the inimitable C. L. R. James. The definitive historian of the Haitian revolution, anatomist of American civilization, chronicler of world revolution and African liberation, perspicacious critic of American literature, maverick dialectician, Trotskyist agitant, not to mention the writer on cricket, novelist and, it now seems, a fine dramatist too, James makes a total mockery of the categories into which we usually like to insert the products as well as the producers of intellectual work. James is the opposite of the bien pensant time-server; he was consistent only in his refined contempt for orthodoxy and his partisanship for the disinherited. Many of his characteristic commitments were brought together in James's 1934 play Toussaint Louverture: The Story of the Only Successful Slave Revolt in History. The play was long presumed lost; the discovery of a draft copy in 2005 has led to the publication of this handsome and compendious new edition by the indefatigable Christian Høgsbjerg (which also contains an intriguing appendix of notices and reviews in addition to related articles by James).


Photopolymerization reaction in di n-propyl ester of dicyano p-phenylene diacrylic acid crystal is shown to be mediated by exciton–phonon coupling. Raman phonon spectra suggest that at the initial stage of reaction progress, the reactant and the product form a solid solution. In the later stage, the reactant segregates out and forms its own lattice. The polymer lattice is shown to maintain a good degree of order. Infrared and Raman spectra confirm that the polymerization occurs by cyclobutane ring formation. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


PreviewSudden, inexplicable feelings of extreme terror or impending doom are a common phenomenon. Repeated attacks characterize the anxiety disorder known as panic disorder, which can produce severe medical and psychiatric complications, including a high risk for suicide. While a variety of medical conditions mimic the disorder, making diagnosis difficult, patients are highly treatable. The authors provide a detailed approach to differential diagnosis and make recommendations about patient education and pharmacologic therapy.


and keywords The present analysis, is the result of an investigation carried out in the Restoration sector in the City of Chiclayo, was oriented to evaluate the dimensions that incur in the organizational commitment of the workers of the concessionaire of the Jockey Club "LA PILETA DEL FRAILE", had The main objective is to determine the degree of organizational commitment of the employees in said concessionaire. We used the three dimensions offered by the Meyer and Allen model in the organizational commitment, these being: affective commitment, normative commitment and commitment to continuity. To do this, a survey was used as the only research technique, which collected data on the degree of organizational commitment that was applied to 25 workers. The analysis of the results was made based on the answers that the workers provided directly. From this investigation it was concluded that in the concessionaire "LA PILETA DEL FRAILE" in general terms, the highest percentage of workers are confirmed in the affective commitment, followed by another group that is in the normative commitment and a smaller group is in the commitment of continuity.


ABSTRACT
 We describe the anatomy and bone microstructure of a new subadult specimen of Sapeornis chaoyangensis from the Early Cretaceous of Liaoning Province, China. To date, this is the only known sapeornithid that preserves substantial portions of its plumage. Found in the Yixian Formation, it also represents the oldest known sapeornithid, and as such, extends the stratigraphic range of this lineage 3–5 million years. This specimen also increases our knowledge of sapeornithid skeletal and integumentary anatomy, including previously unrecognized details of the primary and secondary wing feathers. Examination of the characters used to diagnose other named sapeornithid species reveals that such diagnoses have incorporated morphologies that are influenced by either taphonomy or ontogeny. Based on qualitative and quantitative comparisons between the new specimen and other sapeornithid species, we argue that all other named sapeornithids are junior synonyms of S. chaoyangensis.


Based on comprehensive literature review and repeated load testing on an Arkansas subgrade soil, a test protocol for permanent deformation of subgrade soils was established. This protocol is to be used in Phase II of this study to evaluate permanent deformation behavior of subgrade soils. The basic configuration and test program proposed in this protocol include: a confining pressure of 21 kPa (3 psi), a repeated load frequency of 1 Hz, a rest period of 0.9 second, a load duration of 0.1 second, a limitation of load application of 10,000 repetitions. Three moisture levels (105%, 110%, and 120% of optimum moisture content) and three density levels (90%, 95%, and 100% of maximum dry density) will be used in fabrication of specimens with a kneading compactor. The proposed protocol will be used throughout the next phase research to test seven additional subgrade soils.


In an attempt to assess visual-perceptual abilities, two positions have been taken in the research community. The first considers that a motor output is a necessary indication of the level of visual-perceptual development (Bender 1938, Berko 1954, Kephart 1971, among others); while the second is that an unsophisticated motor response is preferable when measuring visualperceptual abilities (Bortner and Birch 1962; Birch and Lefford 1967; Rosenblith 1965; Colarusso and Hammill 1972; Newcomer and Hammill 1973a, 1973b; among others). Until recently, the visual-perceptual tests that were available all involved motor output. Professionals testing visual-perceptual abilities of children applied motor output tests to all children. This included children with physical and motor disabilities such as children with cerebral palsy. Children with cerebral palsy were spontaneously diagnosed as having visual-perceptual defects, because their test results were from tests requiring motor outputs (Berko 1954, Cruickshank 1957, Wedell 1960, Goodman 1973).


THIS ARTICLE DISCUSSES the key problems of determining the jurisdiction of courts in matters of social security. The advantage of a broad reference to the jurisprudence of Polish courts and representative of ref. The author formulates a number of de lege ferenda postulates, based also on the practical application of the legislation.


The quantum shielding effects on the nuclear fusion reaction process are investigated in quantum plasmas. The closed expression of the classical turning point for the Gamow penetration factor in quantum plasmas is obtained by the Lambert W-function. The closed expressions of the Gamow penetration factor and the cross section for the nuclear fusion reaction in quantum plasmas are obtained as functions of the plasmon energy and the relative kinetic energy by using the effective interaction potential with the WKB analysis. It is shown that the influence of quantum screening suppresses the Sommerfeld reaction factor. It is also shown that the Gamow penetration factor increases with an increase of the plasmon energy. It is also shown that the quantum shielding effect enhances the deuterium formation by the proton-proton reaction in quantum plasmas. In addition, it is found that the energy dependences on the reaction cross section and the Gamow penetration factor are more significant in high plasmon-energy domains.The quantum shielding effects on the nuclear fusion reaction process are investigated in quantum plasmas. The closed expression of the classical turning point for the Gamow penetration factor in quantum plasmas is obtained by the Lambert W-function. The closed expressions of the Gamow penetration factor and the cross section for the nuclear fusion reaction in quantum plasmas are obtained as functions of the plasmon energy and the relative kinetic energy by using the effective interaction potential with the WKB analysis. It is shown that the influence of quantum screening suppresses the Sommerfeld reaction factor. It is also shown that the Gamow penetration factor increases with an increase of the plasmon energy. It is also shown that the quantum shielding effect enhances the deuterium formation by the proton-proton reaction in quantum plasmas. In addition, it is found that the energy dependences on the reaction cross section and the Gamow penetration factor are more significant in high plasmon-energy domains.


In a method for air flow control for a ventilation device (1) for air exchange through a building envelope is promoted with at least one electric centrifugal fan (20) having forward curved blades, an air flow (3) and an operation of the radial fan (20) with respect to an electric operating current (I) of the radial fan (20) and a speed (n) of the radial fan (20) is regulated, wherein a plurality of different connections (V1, V2, V3) of the speed (n) and electric operating current (I) of the radial fan (20) are used, each the connections (V1, V2, V3) is assigned to another target value of the air flow (3) and depends sucked by a density parameter of the radial fan (20) air assume a desired value for the air flow (3) and a value of the density parameter of the aspirated air one of the connections (V1, V2, V3) selects, and the electrical operating current (I) or the speed (n) of the radial fan (20) e inen value is set, in which the electric operating current (I) and the speed (n) of the radial fan (20) the selected ones of the connections (V1, V2, V3) is sufficient.


Bonding psychotherapy is an intensive form of group therapy with the goal of overcoming the fear of intimacy and rejection. The theory, method and the research results of the bonding psychotherapy are described in this article. The ultimate aim of the bonding psychotherapy is to increase the ability to fulfil the biopsychosocial basic needs, to be able to enter into positive relationships and to enjoy life. Bonding is the process of becoming emotionally open and physically close to another person. Exercises with other group members help to experience and fulfil the need for bonding. During these exercises intense emotions often surface that are linked to past painful experiences. With the described method, trust in others is increased and negative attitudes concerning oneself in relation to others become more positive. These are emotionally corrective experiences. An overview of the research results is given and these are surprisingly good


Pointing at the history and evolution of comprehensive application of converter slag,the principle and the utilization ways of current stabilization pretreatment of converter slag,the paper reviews systematically,and the trend of converter slag reused as resource is discussed preliminarily.It is thought that the commonly used "two-step method" pattern of "stabilization pretreatment → following-up utilization of converter slag" at the present time has a great effect on multitudinous and extensive utilization of converter slag,but it still cannot widen effectively the route of multi-purpose and high value-added utilization of slag.In turn,the full-scale utilization of slag is failed to realize.The above reason lies as follows,firstly,from the cognitive viewpoint,two-step method still remains in the state,which is,through the "digestion",to solve the problems of free calcium oxide and tricalcium silicates decomposed with time extending,associated with the structural damage,etc.secondly,from the viewpoint of treatment pattern,despite the various measures available(e.g.frowsting water spraying at high temperature,water splashing in disc,water spraying in tumbling box and air-injection granulation,etc.),all the measures unexceptionally remain to use the water as the media for "digestion".Although such measures results in the stable composition and structure,the converter slag cannot change its "low resource endowments" consequently,this is just the primary reason why the route of slag application cannot be widened.The previous work has been indicated that,in the future,the utilization of converter slag should focus on improving the resource endowments of slag,which can be achieved through the scientifically and reasonably targeted modification based on the market demand and the characteristics of converter slag,so that the mode of multitudinous,multi-channel and recyclable utilization of converter slag can be built up,and the efficient and full-scale utilization of converter slag in the real sense can be realized.In a word,it is the main developing trend of converter slag employment in the future.


Abstract Observations of a school of adult yellowtail rockfish Sebastes flavidus over an 11-year period in southeastern Alaska revealed negligible recruitment as the school dwindled in numbers and remaining individual fish grew in size.


Lymphoma of Breast with axillary Node InvolvementPitfalls in Diagnosis Authors Annu Elizabeth Prakash, Resmi Rajeev, Navya Narayanan Orchid, Siyad Pokkakillath Mohamed Department of Pathology, Sree Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Ernakulam, Kerala, India Corresponding Author Annu Elizabeth Prakash Assistant Professor, Pathology, Sree Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences Residence AddressKaliyadan House, Cheriyapilly, Kaitharam P.O., North Paravur, Ernakulam, Kerala 683519, India Telephone number – 9497470661, Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract Lymphomas are rarely detected in breast tissue. This study reports a case of Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma in the breast with axillary lymph node involvement. The diagnosis was made by excision biopsy and confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Lymphomas can be a rare cause of breast lump in females of any age. Diffuse Large B cell Lymphoma is the commonest subtype among the Non Hodgkin Lymphomas affecting breast. It is difficult to differentiate a case of breast lymphoma from carcinoma by clinical examination and imaging. Tissue diagnosis is essential in evaluating breast lumps for lymphoid neoplasms so that treatment may be promptly initiated.


Bacterial biofilms are surface associated bacterial communities of sessile cells encased in a matrix of polysaccharides, extracellular DNA and proteins. Such biofilms are of significant concern in nosocomial infections, where it is attributed to over $1 billion in increased hospital costs per annum in the US alone. Unlike cells in the planktonic state, bacterial biofilms do not exert their antimicrobial resistance through mutation or acquisition of resistance functions by horizontal gene transfer. Instead, resistance is largely driven by the formation of latent cells within the biofilm matrix that reduce cellular turnover and therefore remove the susceptibility of targets associated with traditional antimicrobials. V. cholerae is a diarrheal pathogen that naturally inhabits both fresh and saltwater environments. In spite of its prevalence, no clinical therapeutics have been approved for use in the US or elsewhere that directly target biofilm formation and persistence. A limited number of small molecule inhibitors of V. cholerae biofilms have been reported in the literature, both from natural product screening campaigns and medicinal chemistry development efforts. However in the majority of cases these compounds have been shown to impact quorum sensing (QS) rather than directly targeting processes involved with biofilm matrix production or regulation. We recently reported the development of two high throughout image-based screens capable of identifying biofilm inhibitors against the Gram-negative pathogens V. cholerae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Screening of our natural product library, compromising of over 6000 prefractions, identified the aureomycin chromophore 1 as a moderate inhibitor of V. cholerae biofilms (biofilm inhibitory concentration (BIC50) = 63 mM). Given the structural novelty of this scaffold compared with other biofilm inhibitors, and the unusual biofilm inhibitory phenotype observed in the primary screening images, we elected to develop the benzo[1,4]oxazine scaffold through medicinal chemistry optimization in order to identify key elements of the required pharmacophore, and generate analogues with improved potency and pharmacological properties. Key to this approach was the formation of the a-keto-amide 7 and its subsequent application in a debenzylation– cyclization strategy to form hemi-acetal 8. Gratifyingly, treatment of the a-ketoamide 7 (formed in 5 steps from the commercially available ester 2) with 2% Pd(OH)2 on charcoal and four equivalents of 1,4-cyclohexadiene in ethanol at 50 1C enabled formation of the cyclic hemi-acetal 8 in excellent yield on a multi-gram scale with reaction times of less than 5 minutes. Dehydration of the acetal afforded the target molecule in 7 steps on a multigram scale (Scheme 1). To identify key elements of the pharmacophore for this compound class, a library of 41 derivatives were prepared using a divergent strategy to diversify both the exocyclic alkene and the methyl ester moiety of the original scaffold (Fig. 1, see ESI† for a comprehensive list of synthesized compounds). Initial examination of the lead compound 1 highlighted the a,b unsaturated carbonyl (C9–C11) as a Michael acceptor with potential involvement in the mechanism of action. In line with the behavior of other Michael acceptors in the literature, modification of the exocyclic methylene unit (compounds 8–12) eliminated activity in all cases. Introduction of any substituent onto the double bond (compounds 13–17) also resulted in a pronounced decrease in biofilm inhibition, indicating a tight steric limitation for modifications at this position. To probe whether the increase in steric size of the Michael acceptor directly correlated with the ability of the compound to undergo Michael addition, both the original oxazine 1 and phenyl a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, California, 95064, USA. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com b Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California Santa Cruz, California, 95064, USA † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Experimental procedures and analytical data along with protocols for all biological experiments. See DOI: 10.1039/c4cc07003h Received 10th September 2014, Accepted 27th November 2014


Purpose
To investigate the roles of vasoactive intestinal peptides (VIPs) in regulating the morphology and F-actin distribution of Schlemm's canal (SC) of rat eyes.

Methods
Chronic intraocular pressure (IOP) hypertension models with episcleral venous cauterization (EVC) were treated with topical VIP or PG99-465 (vasoactive intestinal peptide receptors 2 [VPAC2] antagonist). IOPs were measured with Tono-Pen, and the SC parameters, including the cross-section area, circumference, and length, were statistically evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin and CD31 immunohistochemical staining. Immunofluorescence was performed to detect the distribution of F-actin in the SC. Moreover, the distribution of filamentous actin (F-actin) and globular actin (G-actin) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was studied under a pressure system by immunofluorescence and Western blotting.

Results
Increased expressions of VIP and VPAC2 receptors, as well as a disordered distribution of F-actin were found in SC endothelial cells (SCEs) in the EVC model. Moreover, topical VIP maintained the normal distribution of F-actin in SCEs, expanded the collapsed SC, and induced a significant decrease in IOP in the EVC model. In in vitro HUVECs, the F-actin/G-actin ratio increased significantly under stress stimulation for 30 minutes. A total of 50 μM VIP helped maintain the normal F-actin/G-actin ratio of HUVECs against stress stimulation.

Conclusions
VIP regulates the distribution of F-actin in SCEs via the VPAC2 receptor in order to induce a decrease in IOP. VIP may represent a new target for antiglaucoma drugs.


Interstitial lung disease (ILD) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PHT) account for 60% of deaths related to scleroderma (SSc) [1]. The Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) is a biomarker that has been used as a marker of poor prognosis in various pathologies[2-9]. In SSc, the RDW has been found to be elevated in PHT and has been proposed as a predictor of cardiorespiratory compromise[10-11].To evaluate the association between the increase in RDW and the presence of ILD in patients with SSc.Observational, retrospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study of patients with SSc (ACR/ EULAR 2013) between 1/1/2011 to 8/31/2021. Other concomitant autoimmune diseases, malignancy, active infections, anemia, recent transfusions, cardiovascular, renal, or hepatic disease were excluded. The diagnosis of ILD was made by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and the extension evaluated by Goh criteria¹². A review of medical records was performed, collecting relevant clinical and demographic characteristics.Seventy-five patients were included, with a mean age of 59.4 years (SD 14.1, 95% CI 56-63), 67 (89%) were women. A median of 8 years of disease evolution was observed (IQR 8). ILD was observed in 50 (66,6%) patients while 25 (33.3%) did not. According to Leroy's classification, limited SSc (lcSSc) was observed in 50 patients (66,6%) and diffuse SSc (dSSc) in 24 (33,3%); the last classification was significantly associated with the presence of ILD, as was as MRSS (Modified Rodnan Skin Thickness Score)> 14, digital ulcers, and positive ATA (DNA topoisomerase I), unlike ACA (anticentromere antibodies) (Table 1).The most frequent HRCT pattern was NSIP (Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia) in lcSSc (66.6%). An association was found between dSSc and fibrotic patterns (fNSIP and UIP). OR 6, 95% CI 1.6-21 (p 0.009).The extension of the disease was measured in 44 patients (6 missing data), being limited in 25 (57%) and extensive in 19 (43%). The extensive form was correlated with a higher RDW mean (p < 0.0001).The MRSS was measured in 70 patients, being less than 14 in 63 (90%). 100% of the patients with mRSS > 14 had a high RDW (p 0.01).Increased RDW was evidenced in the group with ILD, with a statistically significant difference (OR 6.06 95%CI 2-17 p 0.001).The median RDW in the groups with isolated ILD and ILD plus PHT was significantly higher than in patients without lung disease (p < 0.001). We found no significant difference between the ILD and ILD plus PHT groups (p 0.350) (Figure 1).Figure 1.We have been able to show that there is a significant relationship between the increase in RDW and the presence of ILD in patients with SSc; this association was more significant for the extensive forms of the disease as well as fibrotic patterns.These findings are relevant as the RDW is an easily accessible parameter that could be used in the follow-up of patients with SSc, and an elevation not explained by other causes of the RDW could be an alarming marker to search more exhaustively for the presence of cardiorespiratory compromise.The limitations of the study are those of any retrospective study, the presence of missing data in addition to the limited number of patients. It is necessary to continue studies with a larger number of patients to grant robustness to the results.[1]Muangchan, et al. The Journal of Rheumatology 2013; 40; 9.[2]Cottin and Brown. Respiratory Research (2019) 20:13[3]L. A. Allen et al. Journal of Cardiac Failure, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 230–238, 2010.[4]S. Dabbah et al. American Journal of Cardiology, vol. 105, no. 3, pp. 312–317, 2010.[5]Abul et al. Chronic Respiratory Disease 2014, Vol. 11(2) 73–81[6]Smukowska-Gorynia A, et al. Heart, Lung and Circulation (2017).[7]Hampole et al. Am J Cardiol 2009;104:868–872[8]Thayer, T. E. et al. Annals of the American Thoracic Society. doi:10.1513/annalsats.201809-594oc.[9]Jie Yang et al. Canadian Respiratory Journal Volume 2019, Article ID 3853454.[10]Farkas N et al (2014) Rheumatology (Oxford) 53:1439–1445.[11]Forhecz Z et al. Am Heart J 2009;158:659-66.NIL.None Declared.


ceremonies at 8 I Convocatton o'cloCk tonight proach ot Old On the west apCapitol wUl mark the close oC the academic careers or Borne 171 students at the Unl· verslty of Iowa. President Edward C. Elliott ot Purduo university will otrlclally end the actlvltlllS ot the tlrst term ot the thirty-sixth annual summer Besslon when he delivers the convocatton address, fll"acts and Factions." Give Awards PI'osldent Eugene A. Gilmore will present the awards tn the candidates who wlll be llresented to IIim by the deans oC the various collelleo. PI'Ot. M. W lIlard Lam pe, dlreetqr at the school at religion, will deliver the invocation, and Prot. Benj. F. Shambaugh, head or the political science department, will serve as master ot ceremonies. Head Group candidates Cal' certificates wlil head the contingent of graduates and will be followed by the 57 candidates tor baccalaureate degrees. The graduate college will lead all ot the othor departments at the univerSity In the number at per80ns receiving degre~ wJtb a total ot 111 degl'ees, 74 at wltlch are master ot al'ls , awards. The other , advanced degrees are lS M.S. degrees, and 19 Ph.D. degrees. Rl!pI'esent Z3 States Representing 23 stateR, the mldBUmmer graduates will receive de· glees from the college ot Ia.w, college oC educa.tlon, college ot commerce, college ot dentistry, collego or engineering. nnd various departments in th e college ot liberal arts and graduate college. Prior to the convocation aervlces the uolvel'slty wlii tender the traditional graduation dinner to can· dldates for degrees, at Iowa Union. The prooe.slon will then torm under the direction or PI·Ot. Vance Morton ot the speech departmcnt, university marshal, and wlil proceed to the west approach ot Old Capitol where the services will be held. '!'he procession, one ot the moot colortul even ts at the academic year,


FIELD: machine industry. SUBSTANCE: composite blade includes a body of 11 composite blade, which consists of composite material, including a thermosetting polymer or a thermoplastic polymer and reinforcing fibers, which is manufactured by molding, and a metallic covering 12 that is attached to the leading edge of section 11A, including a leading edge 11a of the composite blade body 11 and a blade surface 11b in the region of the leading edge 11a by means of an adhesive film 13, made by impregnating the mesh material with a solid sticker, so that the leading edge section 11A is covered, the unfilled section 11d, which is formed at the stage of removing part of the excess thickness 15 and 16, remaining on the leading edge 11a after molding, and does not need to be processed by rounding the leading edge, is placed on the leading edge 11a of the section 11A in the composite blade body 11. EFFECT: it becomes possible to achieve a reduction in the duration of manufacturing and production costs. 3 cl, 4 dwg


One frequently sees 'POAG' written in case notes and referrals. Indeed, it would seem sometimes to be used as handy shorthand instead of having to write 'glaucoma'. Except that it's not. Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is a diagnosis of exclusion, and can be made only once gonioscopy has been performed, with potential or actual occlusion of the angle structures (and other pathology) having been excluded. Ophthalmologists practising in a largely Caucasian patient demographic may have been comforted by the notion that angle closure was a disease seen more commonly in Asian eyes. Perhaps as a consequence, rates of gonioscopy in general ophthalmic practice have been woefully inadequate: in a survey of Australian and New Zealand ophthalmologists (response rate to the survey was 78%), only 56% of respondents performed gonioscopy more than 50% of the time in glaucoma patients. What, one wonders, was the diagnosis in those cases where gonioscopy was not performed? It is important also to remember that the demographics of Australia and New Zealand have changed considerably; and that the true clinic prevalence of narrow angles will only be established if gonioscopy is performed on all patients. As the treatment of primary angle closure and primary angle closure glaucoma (PAC and PACG) is quite different from that of POAG, and as a significant proportion of disease burden may actually be preventable, we must emphasize the importance of routine gonioscopy for the early detection of PAC and PACG. In glaucoma cases where progression occurs despite an apparently adequate intraocular pressure (IOP) control, it has become the practice to wonder whether there is perhaps a wide diurnal variation in IOP or vascular factors as the explanation: it is equally appropriate to review the angle appearances to exclude the possibility of angle closure. Gonioscopy involves the acquisition of two distinct sets of information. One wishes to know the 'resting' state or in vivo assessment of the angle, particularly in a darkened room setting. Once this is established, the presence of peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS) and other pathology, degree of trabecular meshwork pigmentation and evidence of pigment scatter are sought, for which indentation and distortion of the anatomy by bright light is acceptable. The four-mirror gonioscopy lens is ideal for both purposes. The large, three-mirror Goldmann lens is still widely used but is not designed to answer these questions; the single or two-mirror Goldmann-style lens also tends to create artefacts in the in vivo assessment of the angle. In expert hands the Goldmann can be used to 'manipulate' the angle to provide information similar to indentation (P. Foster, pers. comm., 2007) but the coupling solution is messy, and is a distinct disincentive to the use of much needed routine gonisoscopy in the clinic. The Goldmann-type lens may still be needed in some uncooperative patients and possessing both lenses is ideal. An invaluable guide to performance of accurate gonioscopy may be found at http:// www.gonioscopy.org. Gonioscopy is the gold standard for angle assessment against which new imaging devices are measured. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), ultrasound biomicroscopy and Scheimflug photography are able to image angles, and a body of work is now building using these techniques, particularly in Asian eyes. These methods are useful in showing the changes that occur in angle profile following interventions such as laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI), and provide quantifiable data using new angle measurement parameters. A retrospective study in a cohort of Caucasian eyes undergoing LPI for angle closure is reported by Ang and Wells in this issue of the journal. Seventy-one eyes judged at-risk of angle closure underwent LPI and were imaged pre-laser and about 6 weeks post laser. The study showed that LPI resulted in significant angle widening and iris profile flattening on AS-OCT imaging in both light and dark, and is perhaps an unsurprising finding. Nearly a fifth of cases were excluded from analysis because of the acknowledged, not infrequent issue with AS-OCT of difficulty in discerning the position of the scleral spur. A small number of eyes, even in this Caucasian cohort, did not open after LPI, as previously noted in other racial groups. More intriguing in this paper was that the decision to undertake the LPI was based not on the gonioscopic appearance of the angle (which was recorded in a nonstandardized fashion) but on the AS-OCT findings, this test being part of the routine work-up of glaucoma patients presenting to the authors' practice. The authors support this practical decision on the basis of the Consensus Report on Angle Closure Disease from the Association of International Glaucoma Societies, although this consensus – convened in May 2006 – still largely relied on gonioscopic findings. A crucial difference between gonioscopy and AS-OCT is that gonioscopy allows a view of the whole angle (in vivo as well as after indentation), whereas AS-OCT as currently performed reveals only a single meridian, usually in the nasal and temporal quadrants. It is not reasonable to extrapolate the findings along one meridian to a generalized statement about the whole of a quadrant or the whole angle. It is therefore incorrect to say that an AS-OCT image shows PAS or 'occlusion' in a quadrant: the scan has managed to catch a single area of suspected PAS (which can only be proved on indentation gonioscopy) in the meridian of examination. This falls well short of the standard of angle assessment suggested by ISGEO, which specifies three quadrants of non-visibility of TM to Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 2010; 38: 743–744 doi: 10.1111/j.1442-9071.2010.02386.x


The study is to examine the effects of depression, self-esteem and family support to hopelessness of patients taking hemodialysis. The Subjects were 147 patients who were taking hemodialysis three times a week in a hospital and clinic which is located in B city in Gyonggi-do. Data collection was performed from the 1st to 10th in September, 2014. Subjects' average age was 52.4, male patients were 54.%, high school graduates were 48.3%, 57.1% had a religion, 85.7% had no jobs, 74.1% were economically difficult, most of them were taking hemodialysis three times a week. From the study, having a religion(β= .109), depression(β= .338), self-esteem(β= -.567), family support(β= -.137) were shown to affect the degree of hopelessness significantly, and adj R2 were 57.5. Findings suggest that intervention aiming at decrease of depression, nurturing of self-esteem, and improvement of family support are expected to lead to the decrease of hopelessness of patients taking hemodialysis. Received (May 15, 2015), Review Request(May 18, 2015), Review Result(June 03, 2015) Accepted(June 24, 2015), Published(August 31, 2015) 139-742 Sahmyook Univ. Graduate School, Wharangro 815, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Korea email: email@example.com (Corresponding Author) 139-742 Dept. of Nursing, Sahmyook Univ., Wharangro 815, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Korea email: firstname.lastname@example.com Effects of Depression, Self-esteem, and Family Support Towards Hopelessness of Patients Taking Hemodialysis Copyright c 2015 HSST 218


The production and productivity of barley primary determined from the status its growth, phonological and agronomical parameters. But the direct and indirect effect of parameters as well as high its association with yield can't determine until correlation and regression was done. Therefore a field experiment was conducted on two different site of lemu bilbilo wereda from July- December 2018/2019 cropping season to study Agronomical evaluation of three malt barley varieties using correlation and Regression analysis under different nitrogen fertilizer rate. The experiment was laydown in split plot design nitrogen fertilizer as main plot and Varity as sub plot with in three replication. The treatments were five n fertilizer rate (11.5, 23, 34.5, 46 and 57.5) kg/ha as main plot and three malt barley varieties as sub plot factor and two site (Lemu burkitu and Bekoji negeso) kebele. The result showed that exept germination energy at Bekoji negeso and spike length at Lemu burkitu all parameters had significantly and positively correlated with grain yield. In addition to this spike / 50 cm had significantly and positively correlated with grain protein content, number of productive tillers per plant and plant height at both locations.


In Western Australia - a relatively arid portion of the continent - wet environments are only occasionally veg- etated, but well-developed communities occur in winter-wet habitats in sandplain depressions, along water courses and on rock (mostly granite) outcrops. These communities are com- posed of small-sized annuals, mostly belonging to the Centrole- pidaceae, Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Juncaginaceae, and Styli- diaceae. Multivariate analysis was carried out on 46 phyto- sociological relev6s; four associations are recognized with a distinct floristic composition and ecology. Species occurring in this vegetation are mostly therophytes (66 %) and many are endemics; a new vegetation class Centrolepidi-Hydrocotyletea alatae, endemic for Australia, is proposed and described.


Through the search for alternative, renewable fuels and fuel carriers that significantly reduce CO2 emissions and the dependence on fossil fuels, hydrogen appears to be promising automotive fuel. However, virtually all of the world's hydrogen is currently produced from fossil fuels. Hydrogen can be produced from renewable feedstock such as biogas, which is produced by fermentation of organic material such as manure, municipal solid waste (MSW), wastewater sludge, or any other biodegradable feedstock, under anaerobic conditions. The goal of this study is to evaluate the advantages of hydrogen production in a small scale unit and its use and compare it with use of biogas as a direct source of fuel. Criteria used in this selection are thermal efficiency, CO2 emissions, byproducts and cost per kg of hydrogen followed by sustainability discussions. In order to justify hydrogen production from biogas, a significant focus must be made regarding the sustainability of not only the design, but of the end use of products. The sustainability considerations thus become complex layers that take into account the three pillars of sustainability, i.e., economy, environment and society.


According to the characteristics of structure and function of ecosystem,evaluating methods of the ecosystem service based on the combination of the classⅡinvestigation to forest resource and long-term fixed observation data were discussed.At the same time,12 types of forest ecosystem were divided at Huoditang forest region according to the predominance tree species and the function and value of different forest types,such as provisioning services,regulating services,cultural services and supporting services were assessed.The results showed that:(1)In 1990,the total value of ecosystem services at Huoditang forest region was 877.28×10~4 yuan?a~(-1),about 4 691 yuan?hm~(-2)? a~(-1),the values of provisioning,regulating, cultural,and supporting services was 613 yuan?hm~(-2)?a~(-1),1 038 yuan?hm~(-2)?a~(-1),52 yuan? hm~(-2)?a~(-1),and 2 988 yuan?hm~(-2)?a~(-1)respectively.The overall economic value of ecosystem services was 6.65 times as much as the value of provisioning services;(2)There had a difference between different forest types and different forest ecosystem services.The services of broadleaved species were higher than those of conifer species.The value of Populus ecosystem services was the highest,about 8 099 yuan? hm~(-2)?a~(-1).The value of Abies fargesii ecosystem services was the lowest,about 2 648 yuan?hm~(-2)? a~(-1).The supporting services of the ecosystem were higher than other services.


Background: Liver transplantation (LT) is the best available option for patients with end stage liver disease and HCC. However, recipients are at high risk of cancer recurrence and infection, due to immunosuppressive (IS) therapy. IS used in LT commonly consist of calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) or a mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), anti-metabolite and corticosteroids. Liver is an important immunological organ with a unique microenvironment. Innate and adaptive immune responses shapes the balance between immune tolerance and activation. It is well-known that IS drugs targeting the adaptive component of immunity, while innate immune cells become the only self-defense mechanism against neoplastic cells and infectious agents. However, the effect of IS drugs on liver resident immune cells are not well known. In this study, we analyzed the effect of two main IS drugs, calcineurin inhibitors and mTOR inhibitors on adaptive and innate immune components of the liver in mice Method: C57/BL6 mice were treated by intraperitoneal injection of mTORi (rapamycin and everolimus) and CNI (cyclosporine) for 7 days. Twenty-four hours after the last injection, liver mononuclear cells (LMNCs), splenocytes were collected. The proportion of T cells, NKT cells and NK cells and various functional molecules were analyzed by flow cytometry. Result: The proportion of TCR+NK1.1T cells, TCR+NK1.1+ NKT cells in LMNC did not differ in both CNI mTORi treated groups. TCR-NK1.1+NK fraction in LMNCs was significantly increased in mTORi group (9.5 in mTORi groups versus 7.8 in control group), CNI treatment had no effect on NK cells frequency. mTORi treatment significantly upregulated the TRAIL positive NK cells (38.5%±4.0 in mTORi group vs 21.0%±8.3 in untreated, p =0.003). CNI treatment oppositely significantly decreased the TRAIL positive NK cell population (16.4%±4.2 in CNI group vs 21.0%±8.3 in untreated, p <0.05). CD 69 and Nkp46 expression on liver NK cells were not changed significantly in both mTORi and CNI treated groups in comparison to control group. Moreover, liver NK cells from mTORi treated mice showed significantly higher cytotoxicity against TRAIL-sensitive Hepa1-6 cells (30.1% ± 13.0 vs 13.5 %± 6.0, p=0.009). Cytotoxicity against TRAIL resistant YAC-1 mouse lymphoma was not significantly enhanced after mTORi treatment (53.6 % ± 4.4 vs 39.9% ± 1.2). Conclusion: mTOR inhibitors has ability to enhance liver resident NK cell activity. This result suggests that mTOR inhibitors might be useful to maintain anti-microbe and anti-tumor immunity even under immunosuppressive condition after transplantation. P-18.28


Among infectious complications of peritoneal dialysis including exit site infection, tunnel infection and peritoneal dialysis related peritonitis, the last one remains the most common and the most serious. Starting from 1983, the recommendations of International Society of Peritoneal Dialysis (ISPD) on infectious complications are constantly updated. The latest update on peritonitis prevention and treatment was published in 2016. The article presents some of the issues with special attention paid to new recommendations.


Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology ¦ Volume 20 ¦ Issue 4 ¦ October-December 2017 432 tuberculosis or malignant cells. India ink preparation was negative. Magnetic resonance imaging brain revealed hypodensity involving left frontoparietal region. Contrast-enhanced imaging of the brain revealed multiple ring-enhancing lesion involving bilateral cerebral hemisphere, cerebellum, and pons. There was marked edema in the left frontoparietal region [Figure 1]. High resolution computed tomography thorax detected numerous disseminated small nodular lesions involving bilateral lung field suggestive of miliary pulmonary tuberculosis. The patient was given antituberculosis treatment (ATT) and dexamethasone. After 2 months, there was a significant improvement.


This article presents a reading of Cervantes's La Entretenida. It illustrates his mastery and experimental
theater as he refuses to conform to the new trends of the comedia, and to the demands of the vulgo. It theorizes
how Cervantes interjects his own experimental precepts to confront those of the comedia. His aim is to transform
them into his vision of theater by taking the conceptual model in another direction


The California Journal of Emergency Medicine V:1,Jan-Mar 2004 Page 9 Novel Approaches to Sepsis in the Emergency Department Molly A. Phelps, MD Department of Emergency Medicine, Alameda County Medical Center, Oakland, CA Robert M. Rodriguez, MD Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco Department of Emergency Medicine, Alameda County Medical Center, Oakland, CA Correspondence: Molly A. Phelps, MD Department of Emergency Medicine Alameda County Medical Center 1411 East 31 st Street Oakland, CA 94602 (510) 437-8322 fax email@example.com mortality. This article will define sepsis terms, review pertinent pathophysiology, and provide a comprehensive update for emergency physicians regarding the latest treatments for septic patients in the ED. S EPSIS T ERMINOLOGY While the term "septic" is often used informally to describe patients with a broad range of illness severity, a standardized classification system was created in 1992 by the American College of Chest Physicians and the Society of Critical Care Medicine with specific, tiered definitions designed to more accurately represent the spectrum of sepsis disease. 2 The first category, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), does not require an infectious etiology and is met when patients demonstrate at least two of the following criteria: 1) temperature >38°C or 90 beats per minute; 3) respiratory rate > 20 breaths per minute or PaCO 2 12K, 10% bands. Given that many ED patients with mild illnesses may meet these criteria, SIRS has low specificity and is of limited utility in the ED diagnosis of critical illness. The term sepsis is applied when SIRS is accompanied by a documented or suspected infection, most commonly pneumonia, urinary tract infection, or skin/ soft-tissue infection. Severe sepsis refers to sepsis with evidence of hypotension, organ dysfunction, or hypoperfusion evidenced by lactic acidosis, oliguria, or mental status changes. Severe sepsis becomes septic shock when hypotension is refractory to adequate fluid resuscitation, typically defined as a 500cc bolus of intravenous (IV) crystalloid. As expected, mortality rises with increasing illness severity, ranging from a 16% rate in sepsis to 46% in fulminant septic shock. 3 Finally, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is an often-irreversible final common pathway in which several organ systems fail, resulting in conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute tubular necrosis (ATN), and coagulopathies. A central theme of this discussion I NDRODUCTION With a mean treatment cost of $22,000 per case, sepsis currently accounts for at least $16.7 billion dollars in healthcare expenditures each year. 1 Despite significant advances in the understanding of sepsis pathophysiology and in novel therapeutic approaches, the mortality rate from severe sepsis has changed little over the past 25 years, remaining at approximately 30-50%. In the United States approximately 215,000 people die from sepsis annually, roughly equaling the number of deaths from acute myocardial infarction. 1 The impact of sepsis is felt not only in the intensive care units and hospital wards, but also in the emergency department (ED), as many patients who develop sepsis receive their diagnosis and initial treatment in the ED. Recent major trials have shown that ED resuscitation and other early critical care interventions can have a substantial impact on sepsis


How can we automatically spot all outstanding observations in a data set? This question arises in a large variety of applications, e.g. in economy, biology and medicine. Existing approaches to outlier detection suffer from one or more of the following drawbacks: The results of many methods strongly depend on suitable parameter settings being very difficult to estimate without background knowledge on the data, e.g. the minimum cluster size or the number of desired outliers. Many methods implicitly assume Gaussian or uniformly distributed data, and/or their result is difficult to interpret. To cope with these problems, we propose CoCo, a technique for parameter-free outlier detection. The basic idea of our technique relates outlier detection to data compression: Outliers are objects which can not be effectively compressed given the data set. To avoid the assumption of a certain data distribution, CoCo relies on a very general data model combining the Exponential Power Distribution with Independent Components. We define an intuitive outlier factor based on the principle of the Minimum Description Length together with an novel algorithm for outlier detection. An extensive experimental evaluation on synthetic and real world data demonstrates the benefits of our technique. Availability: The source code of CoCo and the data sets used in the experiments are available at: http://www.dbs.ifi.lmu.de/Forschung/KDD/Boehm/CoCo.


In this paper, we study within a newsboy type modeling framework the common business practice of retail firms to sell products not only as independent items, but also as part of multiproduct packets (packaged goods). Our emphasis is on understanding the effects of such practices on the inventory decisions of the firm. We provide insights on the resulting level of suboptimality when inventory decisions are made with demand information only on the independent items and without accounting for the demand substitution structure induced between independent items and packaged goods. Our stylized model studies an environment with two products that are not direct substitutes for each other, sold either independently or as part of a packet that contains one unit of each. We provide necessary and sufficient optimality conditions for this model and suggest an efficient numerical search for obtaining the optimal stocking levels. An extensive computational study allowed us to provide insights on the nature of the optimal stocking policies, the suboptimality of independent newsboy policies, the effects of demand correlation among individual products and multiproduct packets, and the determining role of induced substitution structure among products during stockout occasions on the profitability of the inventory system.


A Pitkin's choice of Khunu Lama (1895–1977) as the subject of a monograph might surprise scholars and practitioners of Tibetan Buddhism alike. When she asked the Dalai Lama to expound upon the rinpoche's influence, he replied, "None at all ... Among our Tibetan people, he did not teach very much" (78). And yet, Pitkin uses Khunu Lama's perceived lack of influence to theorize her titular terms, renunciation and longing, in a sophisticated discussion that will benefit scholars of Tibet, Buddhism, and Religious Studies.


The objective of this work is to evaluate the suitability of Pt alloys as crucible materials for melting LHG-8 phosphate laser glass. The tendency of forming metallic inclusions and ionic dissolution of alloy components in the glass is to be compared with that of pure Pt. Ionic Pt is introduced into the glass melt by direct dissolution of Pt at the crucible-melt interface and by vapor phase transport. It was felt that a Pt-alloy may behave sufficiently differently from Pt that a number of alloys should be studied. Pt inclusions may originate from Pt which reprecipitates from the glass melt on cooling or change in redox-conditions; from volatilized Pt which deposits in colder zones of the melting environment as crystallites which may drop back into the glass melt; and/or from Pt particles which are mechanically removed from the crucible and drop into the glass melt. Besides pure Pt, the following alloys have been tested: Pt//sup 10/Ir, Pt//sup 10/Rh, Pt//sup 5/Au, Pt-ZGS, Pt//sup 5/Au-ZGS, Pt//sup 10/Rh-ZGS.


On 11 March 2020, the WHO declared COVID-19 as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. In Europe, particularly in France, hospitals were urged to take prompt measures: cancellation of non-emergent procedures, dedication of units and wards to patients with COVID, and reallocations of medical and non-medical staff.1

Paris and its surrounding region, Ile-de-France, were the most severely impacted regions in France. With a total population of 12 million inhabitants (19% of the French population), hospitals had to provide up to 2600 additional beds in intensive care units (ICUs) (100% more than available) to cope with the pandemic. Medical residents in France represent 32% of public hospital physicians. In the Parisian area, there are 5400 residents, all specialities included, distributed in 100 hospitals. Residents were, along with the other healthcare professionals, on the front line of the fight against COVID-19.

Every year, up to 1000 residents are not assigned to any hospital unit, for personal reasons or scientific research projects. At the beginning of the outbreak in early March, identifying this unallocated manpower was essential to alleviate work pressure within hospitals, yet very challenging. Thus, dispatching non-assigned volunteers to departments in need was non-trivial. In France, this mission is usually managed by the Regional Health Agency (Agence Regionale de Sante (ARS)). In the context of the COVID-19 epidemic, ARS and Paris Public Hospitals (Assistance Publique—Hopitaux de Paris) were overwhelmed by overall health management issues, including addition of hospital beds, supply of personal protective equipment and identification of available non-medical staff.

On 16 March 2020, three residents who had never worked together—one oncologist, one psychiatrist, one dermatologist—formed a crisis management team (CMT). These three volunteers offered their support to the ARS, and they were delegated for this mission.

Their …


A 915 MHz binary frequency-shift keying (BFSK) transmitter (TX) for Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications is presented. The proposed TX adopts a passive frequency tripler, digital duty-cycle/phase calibration, and a low-cost on-chip power amplifier (PA) matching network (MN). The frequency tripler allows an ultralow-power (ULP) implementation of the frequency synthesizer by lowering the maximum operating frequency and relaxing the frequency tuning range requirement. The proposed frequency tripler provides 10.6 dB better 300 MHz spur reduction compared to that of the conventional frequency tripler by adding a series high-pass filter. The two-phase 20% duty-cycle and single-ended 50% duty-cycle calibration circuits drive the frequency tripler and Class-D PA, respectively, suppressing unwanted spurs significantly. The digital duty-cycle/phase calibration circuits, designed based on the quantitative analysis of the stability, offer advantage of technology scaling. The reduced spur relaxes the harmonic filtering requirement at the PA output, leading to an on-chip PA MN with low- ${Q}$ . Implemented in 55 nm CMOS, the proposed TX shows the peak output power of 5.2 dBm and efficiency of 30.6% over 902–928 MHz while dissipating 210 $\mu \text{W}$ in the phase-locked loop (PLL) for 0.9 V supply. All spur component levels stay below −41 dBm with the worst harmonic distortion of −48.5 dBc. The proposed TX achieves 100 kbps of data rate for the BFSK modulated signals with the corresponding FSK error of 3.2%.


The main aim of the research described in this paper is to develop a set of mechanism‐based unified viscoplastic constitutive equations to model the damage and dislocation development in cold deformation and their recovery by annealing. In addition, recrystallisation of the deformed material during the subsequent annealing process is modelled. The annealing temperature was 700°C. The effects of annealing time on damage and dislocation reduction during annealing are also investigated. Tensile tests were performed on a low carbon ferritic steel before and after annealing. The experimental results are used to characterise the unified constitutive equations using an Evolutionary Programming (EP)‐based optimization method. Using these equations, the stress‐strain relationships for interrupted constant strain rate tests, were predicted with good accuracy.


Snehal Toralkar is a design consultant with TAK Consulting Pvt. Ltd. She has four years of experience in elevator design. Toralkar started her career with Schindler India as a design engineer, where she was involved in launching the S3300/5300 products. She is a Mechanical Engineering graduate. "Seven people had escaped with minor injuries on a Sunday evening when the elevator carrying them came down crashing from the third floor." There was no doubt that the elevator was overloaded, and this was established as the obvious cause of the incident. Yet a deeper investigation appeared to reveal that the overloading was just a trigger, with the root cause of loss of traction probably being an angle of contact less than 120° (Figure 1) on account of a design flaw that overlooked this key aspect of traction elevators. A discussion with the lift supplier revealed that it had established the layout based on thumb rules rather than any detailed calculation. This appears to be a trend with many suppliers. The situation is further complicated as the Indian standards appear to be silent on this crucial aspect, giving no direction to designers. In comparison, EN 81 mentions all the minute design details required for traction, yet does not prescribe a minimum angle. ASME A17.1 mentions that sufficient traction shall be provided between the rope and groove to safely stop and hold the car with rated load in the down direction. In most mechanical systems, considerable emphasis is placed on reducing friction between parts; the reverse is the case in elevators. A lot more importance is given to utilizing friction for traction-driven machines. In layman's terms, traction is the gripping force along the surface. In technical terms, traction is the frictional force. Starting with the elevator basics, the elevator system first consists of the car, which carries the passengers to the destination floor. The counterweight is placed either at the side or rear with respect to the car position in the hoistway shaft. This balance is provided to conserve energy. These components are held by steel ropes looped around the sheave. The sheave is a pulley with grooves around its circumference. The sheave is driven by the motor. The sheave grips the hoist ropes so that when it rotates, the ropes move, too. This gripping is due to traction. Traction Calculation Consider a rope passing over a driving sheave (Figure 2). Let T1 be the tension in the car side, and T2 in


versatile desk visual and posturally ergonomic. # Usual desks used in class can be found in flat table with a chair associated therewith a fixed size for a group of students of a particular age but of different statures preventing incorrect posture and ergonomics that can be harmful in the long term. # In this invention a desktop that allows you to change the height, tilt and lighting adjusting it to user needs is proposed. In addition, the equipment can be made light to be transported and may incorporate a computer materials.


The diagnosis and classification of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) is based on cytomorphology (CM) and cytogenetics (CG). Multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) may add important diagnostic information.


It is known that stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) will occur in nickel-base alloys used in Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV) and Internals of nuclear power plants. A SCC sensitivity has been evaluated by IHI in each part of RPV and Internals. There are several water level instrumentation nozzles installed in domestic BWR RPV. In water level instrumentation nozzles, 182 type nickel-base alloys were used for the welding joint to RPV. It is estimated the SCC potential is high in this joint because of a higher residual stress than the yield strength (about 400 MPa). This report will describe a preventive maintenance method to these nozzles Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) and welds by a corrosion resistant cladding (CRC) by YAG Laser in underwater environment (without draining a reactor water). There are many kinds of countermeasures for SCC, for example, Induction Heating Stress Improvement (IHSI), Mechanical Stress Improvement Process (MSIP) and so on. A YAG laser CRC is one of them. In this technology a laser beam is used for heat source and irradiated through an optical fiber to a base metal and SCC resistant material is used for welding wires. After cladding the HAZ and welds are coated by the corrosion resistant materialsmore » so their surfaces are improved. A CRC by gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) in an air environment had been developed and already applied to a couple of operating plants (16 Nozzles). This method was of course good but it spent much time to perform because of an installation of some water-proof working boxes to make a TIG-weldability environment. CRC by YAG laser welding in underwater environment has superior features comparing to this conventional TIG method as follows. At the viewpoint of underwater environment, (1) an outage term reduction (no drainage water). (2) a radioactive exposure dose reduction for personnel. At that of YAG laser welding, (1) A narrower HAZ. (2) A smaller distortion. (3) A few cladding layers. A YAG laser CRC test in underwater environment was carried out in the different welding position, horizontal, vertical upward and downward. The soundness of cladding layers (about 3 mm) is confirmed in visual and penetration test, and cross section observation. In the application to the actual plants, it is preferable to reduce the start and end point numbers of beads with which a defect is easy to cause. Therefore a special welding equipment for a YAG laser CRC that could weld continuously was developed. (authors)« less


Ground Air Heat Exchanger (GAHE) may be a solution to improve thermal comfort in buildings located in Sarawak but no ground survey specifically to examine the potential of GAHE has been done. Ground temperature prediction with computer program did not provide an accurate result for this region. In this study, a few sites with different soil profile in Kuching, Sarawak were selected to determine the soil temperature up to 4 meters depth. For peat soil area with high water table, the ground mean temperature is about 28 °C after 1m depth. For sandy clay type soil which is subjected to tidal activity, the daily soil temperature fluctuates greatly with the highest maximum temperature exceeding 32°C for all depth. This behavior is not really desirable if the ground were to be used as a steady heat sink source. Red podzolic soil gave an almost flat profile between 26°C to 27°C after the depth of 1m which is more desirable as a ground heat sink source. Therefore earth tube application in the state of Sarawak should consider the type of soil profile and optimum depth of to take advantage of the cool ground to provide building cooling.


Neurofibromatosis (NF) is a group of disorders that is caused by a genetic mutation which is dominantly inherited neurogenetic disorder. They are of three types: NF1, NF2, and schwannomatosis. Out of these three, NF1 is the most common. NF1 mainly affects the skin, peripheral and central nervous system, bones, cardiovascular, and endocrine systems. Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection of the lung that is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It spreads by speaking, sneezing, and coughing in the air. Active pulmonary infections can spread to other people. Here, we represent a case of a 45-year-old male diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) presenting with breathlessness, fever, loss of appetite, runny nose, nervousness, and dry cough. The patient had multiple swellings over the body with papules and nodules seen on different parts of the body. Cafe-au-lait macules were also present. After the all-over examination, the patient was diagnosed with smear-positive PTB with NF1.


In this paper, a current limiting DC hybrid circuit breakers (CB) based on a combinatorial electronic power switch is studied: The combinatorial electronic power switch is designed to reduce the series connecting number of power electronic device; a current limiting circuit is also designed, which inhibits the increasing of fault current. Another contribution of this paper is the parameter designing of the CB and the configuration method of the combinatorial switch. The accuracy of the methods is proved by the simulation results, which demonstrate that the proposed CB can not only limit the current rising rate when the fault occurs, but also significantly reduces the series connecting number of power electronic device. What is more, an experimental prototype is also made to verify the validity and rationality of the current limiting hybrid DC CB proposed in this paper.


According to our country's food industry and the urgent need for food safety,the questions such as data acquisition and storage under complicated environment are analyzed,the relevant solutions are designed.The Internet of things technology is used to integrate the food industrial chain data and set up food traceability system,the market standard and efficient management can be realized.


Human and computer interaction has been developed into a wide and sophisticated field. Earlier automating electrical devices were completely mechanical. But with the invention of computer system, many computer researchers have tried to create computer based intelligent systems to accomplish many of their functionalities. Touch screen controlled home automation system is one of them. These fascinating efforts to create intelligent systems is to provide human being a more convenient & comfortable life. Moreover, it would accelerate the working speed of users. This paper concentrates primarily on experimental experiences on home automation system with a low-cost [resistive] touchscreen technology. The proposed system provide an environment in which user can give commands by touching desired position on the touchscreen to automate the control of electrical devices. The interfacing circuit is designed using electronic components available in local market to keep the cost at low level.


The Byurakan–IRAS galaxies (BIG objects; Mickaelian 1995) are the result of a project of optical identifications of IRAS Point Source Catalog (PSC; IRAS 1988) in a 1500 square degree high-galactic latitude (|b|>15°) area based on the Digitized Sky Survey (DSS) images and the Digitized First Byurakan Survey (DFBS, or digitized Markarian survey) low-dispersion spectra. As a result, 1278 galaxies have been identified (as well as galactic objects, Byurakan–IRAS Stars [BIS]), including 42 PSC sources identified with 103 galaxies that make up 30 physical pairs and 12 multiples.


Objective To study the methods of clinic diagnosis and treatment for huge lumbar disc herniation.Methods Retrospective analysis was carried out on 77 patients with herniated lumbar disc,who were operated on in our hospital during 1999-2002.Results All the patients were followed-up from 6 to 36 months,17.2 months in average.According to Nakal therapeutic evaluation,the 61 cases were excellent,10 cases were good and 6 cases were fair.The excellent/good rate were 92.2%.Conclusion Operative treatment of huge lumbar disc herniation is an effective method, if the diagnosis of huge lumbar disc herniation is of confirmed, that shoud be operated on as early as possible.


In metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy of β-Ga2O3 using triethylgallium (TEGa) and O2 as precursors and Ar as the carrier gas, the gases directly above the substrate were sampled and analyzed by time-of-flight mass spectrometry. TEGa was found to decompose at 400 °C–600 °C via β-hydrogen elimination reaction to generate gaseous Ga, hydrocarbons (C2H4, C2H2, C2H6), and H2. When β-Ga2O3 was grown at temperatures greater than 1000 °C and with input VI/III ratios greater than 100, the hydrocarbons and H2 were combusted and CO2 and H2O were generated. The C and H impurity concentrations measured by secondary-ion mass spectrometry in the β-Ga2O3(010) homoepitaxial layer grown under these conditions were less than their respective background levels. Thus, to grow β-Ga2O3 without C and H contamination, conditions that favor the complete combustion of hydrocarbons and H2 generated by the decomposition of TEGa should be used.


A preparation of allogeneic platelets that have been treated with Mirasol, a proprietary pathogen reduction technology (PRT) system, and can potentially be used to improve symptoms associated with thrombocytopenia. Upon apheresis, platelets are treated with the patented PRT system, which includes treatment of the platelets with riboflavin (vitamin B2) and broad-spectrum ultraviolet (UV) light. The treatment causes irreversible changes to the RNA and DNA of a broad range of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, parasites and white blood cells (WBCs), which prevents them from replicating and causing disease. After ex vivo treatment and upon transfusion, the Mirasol-treated allogeneic platelets may reduce thrombocytopenia and prevent bleeding. By preventing the replication of contaminating pathogens, Mirasol treatment improves transfusion safety. Inactivation of WBCs may reduce transfusion reactions and immunological complications in patients.