Abstract Cellular defences are accomplished by haemocyte-mediated responses such as phagocytosis and encapsulation. This review describes the current knowledge regarding cellular immune responses of insects of different orders at developmental stages of larvae, pupae and adults, emphasizing studies on different phylogenic groups of insects. Insect haemocytes originally evolved from mesodermally-derived stem cells that differentiated into specific cell lines, which are identified based on their forms, functions and molecular markers. In insects, most cellular defence responses involve granular cells and plasmatocytes, whereas in Drosophila they primarily involve plasmatocytes and lamellocytes. Insect haemocytes recognise a variety of foreign bodies as well as altered self components. Their cell-surface receptors are involved in these specific recognition events. Once a target has been identified as a foreign body, haemocyte-mediated defence responses are evoked by signaling factors and effector molecules that control cell adhesion and cytotoxicity. Several lines of evidence indicate that humoral and cellular defence responses are well coordinated with one another. Coordination between the immune system and the nervous system may also play a role in regulating inflammatory-like responses in insects during infection. The total haemocyte counts and the differential haemocyte counts vary in the different life stages. Foreign bodies and chemicals have also been reported to be factors that affect the number of haemocytes.


Summary The growth of P388 leukemia cells as an ascites tumor is markedly depressed in mice fed a zinc-deficient diet. Tritiated-thymidine labeling data suggest that zinc-deficient tumor cells accumulate in G1. We acknowledge with thanks the expert technical assistance of Mr. J. Meneses. DHB was supported by U.S. Public Health Service Medical Student Summer Research Fellowship No. FR 05355-10. Work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission.


Abstract This essay looks at the vital role played by translation in the global circulation of texts. It traces the uneasiness about both interlingual and intralingual translation that has prevailed in English literary studies and in Anglophone postcolonial studies, arguing that critiques of a Eurocentric canon have merely resulted in the inclusion of more writers who use only varieties of English. The essay goes on to suggest that as translations are increasingly seen as creative rewritings rather than as copies of a superior original, the notion of translation can be broadened to encompass a wide variety of textual interpretations and the significance of translation as an enabling force in world literature is beginning to be recognised.


Twelve Australian grown faba bean genotypes with seed colour ranging from white, different shades of buff/beige, green, red and purple, were extracted using 80% methanol (v/v) or 70% acetone (v/v). The findings showed that commonly consumed buff-coloured genotypes have comparable phenolic contents and antioxidant activities to those with exotic seed coat colour (red, green and purple). In general, the extraction yield for methanol and acetone extracts of faba bean genotypes were similar. However, the acetone extracts of faba bean varieties with coloured seed coats exhibited higher antioxidant activities than their methanol extracts counterparts. Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of the genotypes were compared in an array of chemical-based assays and profiled using an on-line high-performance liquid chromatography-post column derivatization (HPLC-PCD) system. The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of acetone extracts were approximately twice those of methanol extracts. The acetone extracts contained six times higher levels of di(phenyl)-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) imi- noazanium radical scavenging activity (DPPH), six times higher Total Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) and two times higher Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) than those of methanol extracts. In general, the methanol extracts of white-coloured faba bean genotype exhibited comparable phenolic contents and antioxidant activities to varieties with coloured seed coats. However, the TPC, TFC, DPPH, TEAC and FRAP of acetone extracts from white-coloured genotype were 2 - 4, 1 - 2, 5 - 9, 2 - 3 and 1 - 2 times lower than those of faba bean varieties with coloured seed coats. HPLC-PCD analyses showed substantial antioxidant responses, represented as a dense "hump" of peaks in the HPLC chromatograms of acetone extracts from coloured-genotypes. This "hump" was not detected in the chromatograms of white-genotype acetone extracts, or in chromatograms of methanol extracts regardless of genotype or seed coat colour. All coloured-beans had higher phenolic contents and antioxidant activities than the white-genotype. Hydroxybenzoic acids/flavanols, hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonols were dominant in coloured beans. The findings suggest potentials in selecting commonly consumed buff-coloured faba bean genotypes within the breeding programs for enhanced levels of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities, potentially increasing their health-promoting properties. And, there might also be potentials in developing faba bean extracts for pharmaceutical or natural medicines.


This study aimed to determine the feasibility of upland rice farming, the breakeven point of price and production, and the ratio of increasing profit of the jajar wayang to double row planting system. The study was conducted in Singosari Village, Mojosongo Sub-District, Boyolali District during rainy season in 2016/2017. The study of upland rice planting system was demonstrated on 4 ha of dry land, using Inpago 8 and Inpago 9 varieties which were planted in double row and jajar wayang system. The data were analyzed descriptively both qualitatively and quantitatively. The results of the analysis showed that the Inpago 9 variety grown in double row gave the highest productivity (5.5 tons/ha) compared to the Inpago 8 variety and the other cropping systems so that the profit obtained was IDR13.552.000/ha (RCR=2.99). Break even point analysis of prices and production showed that if there was a decrease in prices and production of 57.39-66.59%, the farmers did not suffer losses. Changes in the planting system from jajar wayang to double row provided a proportion of increase in profits in Inpago 8 varieties by 18.79% and in Inpago 9 varieties by 7.71%, indicating NKB value of 1.24 and 1.09. Therefore, the productivity of upland rice on dry land can be increased with double row planting system.


As a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, the Indonesian economy has been severely affected. Surabaya city's economy contracted by -4.85% in 2020 and by 2021 it grew to 4.29%. Surabaya's poverty rate in 2021 is 5.23%, or 152,489, an increase of just 5.02% from 2020. As a result, household consumption, the mainstay of the economy, slowed significantly, impacting various performance sectors. Fiscal welfare is important for governments to accelerate economic recovery. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of financial management on financial literacy, financial awareness, income, financial behavior, and financial inclusion of Surabaya families. This study used a quantitative method with a simple random sampling method. This study uses primary data through the distribution of questionnaires. The data analysis used in this study is partial least squares (PLS). The results of this study show that financial literacy has a significant and positive effect on financial behavior, financial literacy has a significant and positive effect on financial inclusion, financial literacy has no significant effect on financial well-being, and financial perceptions has no significant effect on financial well-being. Financial behavior, Financial perceptions have a significant positive impact on financial inclusion, Financial perceptions have no significant impact on financial well-being, Income has a significant positive impact on financial behavior, Income has a significant positive impact on financial inclusion Affects positively, income does not have a significant impact on financial well-being. In addition, financial activity brings income from financial well-being. Financial behavior, on the other hand, cannot mediate the impact of financial literacy and financial awareness on financial well-being. Also, financial inclusion cannot communicate the impact of financial literacy, financial awareness, or income on financial well-being.


To analyze the roll calls in the US Senate in year 2003, we have employed the methods already used throughout the science community for analysis of genes, surveys and text. With information-theoretic measures we assess the association between pairs of senators based on the votes they cast. Furthermore, we can evaluate the influence of a voter by postulating a Shannon information channel between the outcome and a voter. The matrix of associations can be summarized using hierarchical clustering, multi-dimensional scaling and link analysis. With a discrete latent variable model we identify blocs of cohesive voters within the Senate, and contrast it with continuous ideal point methods. Under the bloc-voting model, the Senate can be interpreted as a weighted vote system, and we were able to estimate the empirical voting power of individual blocs through what-if analysis.


Post-Baccalaureate teacher training model is the lightspot,hotspot as well as difficult point in the reform of college teacher training model in China.It is more advantageous for the post-baccalaureate teacher training model than for the traditional four-year consistent teacher training model.Three representative models of the post-baccalaureate teacher training implementing nowadays have their own characters.Our universities should explore pluralistic post-baccalaureate teacher training model adapting to the local and university's demand,based on insisting on Universitization of Teacher Education,drawing on the experience of other developed nations,summing up experience of the universities going in advance to others as well.


The compound Ce3Co4Sn13 is an extremely heavy cubic heavy fermion system with a low temperature electronic specific heat of order 4 J=molK. If the compound is nonmagnetic, it would be one of the heaviest nonmagnetic Ce-based heavy fermions reported to date and therefore would be expected to lie extremely close to a quantum critical point. However, a broad peak of unknown origin is observed at 0.8K in the specific heat and magnetic susceptibility, suggesting the possibility of antiferromagnetic order. We present neutron diffraction data from polycrystalline samples which do not show any sign of magnetic scattering below 0.8K. In addition, we present inelastic neutron scattering data from a single crystal sample which is consistent with the 1.2K energy scale for Kondo spin fluctuations determined from specific heat measurements. r 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. PACS: 75.30.M; 20.40.D; 78.70.N


A one-dimensional model for predicting on/off design performance of impulse turbine stages was developed which accounts for the effects of secondary flows. The well known Craig and Cox loss model was implemented together with unconventional correlations for the estimation of secondary and volumetric effects (those related to leakage flows in labyrinth seals, shrouded rotors and open cavities, balance holes, as well as the volumetric effect due to rotor blockage). These effects were modeled according to off-line CFD simulations of turbine stages and, then, calibrated on experimental data of a number of real multistage impulse turbines. The result is a fast and reasonably accurate model, which can profitably be used for both design and analysis purposes.Copyright © 2008 by ASME


Impact of land hydrosphere on polar motion excitation is still not as well known as the impact of the angular momentum of the atmosphere and ocean. Satellite mission Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) from 2002 provides additional information about mass distribution of the land hydrosphere. However, despite the use of similar computational procedures, the differences between GRACE data series made available by the various centers of computations are still considerable. In the paper we compare three series of gravimetric excitation functions of polar motion determined from Rl05 GRACE solution from the Center for Space Research (CSR), the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and the GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ). These data are used to determine the gravimetric polar motion excitation function. Gravimetric signal is compared also with the geodetic residuals computed by subtracting atmospheric and oceanic signals from geodetic excitation functions of polar motion. Gravimetric excitation functions obtained on the basis of JPL data differ significantly from the geodetic residuals while and the series obtained from CSR and GFZ are more compatible.


The invention relates to a betaine surfactant and a formula system thereof in tertiary oil recovery. The molecular formula of the surfactant is represented below, wherein m is any integer from 0-20. R1 is any one selected from alkyl and aryl. R2 is -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH2CH2CH3, -CH2CH2CH2CH3 or -CH2CH2OH; R3 is any one selected from -CH2COO , -CH2CH2COO , -CH2CH2CH2COO , -CH2CH2SO3 , and -CH2CH2CH2SO3 . Under an alkali-free condition, the surfactant formula system provided by the invention can form ultralow interfacial tension of 10 -10 mN/m, such that a good flooding effect can be achieved. No other auxiliary surfactant is needed, such that a chromatographic separation effect in stratum is avoided.


The role of acid-base equilibrium in emulsifier-free styrene polymerization with a carboxyl-containing initiator, namely, 4,4'-azobis(4-cyanovaleric acid) (CVA), was investigated at the pH of the starting emulsion from 8.3 to 11.5. It was found that the polymerization kinetics, the particle diameter, and the degree of polydispersity of the latexes synthesized at different CVA concentrations and styrene/water ratios depend substantially on both the initial pH of the reaction mixture and the pattern of the changes in pH during the synthesis. Both minima and maxima are observed in the kinetic dependences of pH in different periods of synthesis. The deviations of pH from the starting values were as large as two pH units. The influence of the buffer salt (Na 2 HPO 4 ) concentration on the polymerization process and the parameters of the latexes synthesized was also studied. It was shown that the establishment of the acid-base equilibrium in the system depends also on the formation of the surface-active oligomers and their distribution between the emulsion phases. The results obtained indicate that the surface charge formed upon ionization of the end carboxyl groups of polymer chains is the main factor of stabilization of growing polymer particles in the system studied.


With more than 750 guests, FRED's Maui Ocean Center Adventure had the highest attendance in the history of FRED events. OPASTCO members goodnaturedly boarded bright yellow school busses and headed for the Maui Ocean Center, the largest tropical reef aquarium in the Western Hemisphere. Guests roamed throughout the many exhibits, enjoyed a lavish buffet dinner, and caught up with friends under the warm evening sky. Several exhibits, including the Turtle Lagoon and the Discovery Pool, were interactive and allowed everyone to get up close and personal with some of the sea life. The Open Ocean Exhibit allowed the audience to talk directly to the diver as he swam in amongst the many colorful and exotic fish, and it was one of the most well attended exhibits. Door prizes, sponsored by Rural Telephone Finance Cooperative (RTFC), Sierra Telephone and Public Service Telephone added an entertaining element of suspense to the evening. Thanks to the many sponsors, especially Communications Data Group's generous Grand Sponsorship, the event raised more than $30,000 for FRED programs.


THE EFFECT OF MEDIA AND BENZILADENINE ON THE GROWTH OF Dendrobium ORCHIDS SEEDLING IN VITRO. Orchid such as Dendrobium is more commonly propagated in vitro by using tissue culture techniques. In tissue culture, the type and composition of media and plant growth regulator was very crucial. The research was aimed to study the effect of media and plant growth regulator on growth of Dendrobium seedlings in vitro and was conducted in Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, from April 2010 until October 2010. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with three replicates. Treatments were arranged as 2 x 3 factorial design with media (½ MS and modified ½ MS with high P and low N) as the first factor and three concentrations of benzyl-adenine (0, 5, and 10 mg/l) as the second factor. Each experimental unit consisted of 3 culture bottles each of which containing 2 five-month-old seedlings. The result showed that both media was not significantly affected the growth of Dendrobium seedlings. Whereas, the addition of benzyl-adenine (BA) at 5 mg/l and 10 mg/l in both of media was able to increase shoot number from 2.8 to 5.2-5.4 and increase leave number from 9.2 to 18.018.2. Overall, the application of benzyl-adenine decreased shoot height (from 3.7 to 3.0-2.7 cm), root number (from 2.7 to 1.3-0.8), and root length (from 1.6 to 1.0-0.8 cm). Keyword : Dendrobium in vitro, seedlings growth.


The method or system for customizing cover of the electronic device is provided. A plurality of templates associated with the plurality of electronic devices is provided. The client may select one of the templates. Client, on the template associated with the model of the electronic device, to create a plurality of images and may be edited.


Volatile organic compounds are considered as major sources of air pollution. They cause toxicity problems, bad odors, global warming, etc. Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) is used in the formulation of lacquer type paints, varnishes, cleaners, thinners, etc. and in many other industries such as the manufacture of synthetic leather and in the decaffeination of coffee. Released into the environment, it causes respiratory, eye, and skin health problems. At high concentrations, it poses a potential threat to public health. In recent years, effective, very environmentally sound, and economical organic biological waste gas treatment processes have emerged. The sources of degrading micro-organisms are diverse and activated sludge suspensions are widely used. Actinomycetes are known for their ability to degrade various polymers. In this study, we are interested in isolating actinobacteria from activated sludge from the wastewater treatment plant of El Athmania, Mila. Thus, five actinomycetes were isolated on ISP4 medium supplemented with nystatin at 100 μg/ml and nalidixic acid at 10 μg/ml. These isolates proved to degrade efficiently MEK in batch reactors. Growth kinetics were determined for each isolate. The time course of MEK consumption was also measured by gas chromatography. A strain named A5.7 stood out as the best degrading bacterium. Indeed, complete degradation of the substrate was achieved after only 72 h of incubation. The A5.7 isolate was assigned by morphological and cultural methods to the genus Streptomyces.


Objective To study the stress change of the superior facet joint after artificial disc replacement, compare the result with spinal fusion and provide theoretical evidences for ADR in clinical treatment. Methods A total of six fresh human cadaveric lumbosacral spines(L2- S1) were used in this investigation. Each specimen was prepared to three models: intact spine, artificial disc replacement in L4/5 and spinal fusion in L4/5. The specimens were reconstructed by total disc replacement in L4/5 before spinal fusion. A stress sensor was implanted in L3/4 facet joint and the stress was measured under axial rotation, extension and lateral bending, with pure, unconstrained moments(± 7.5Nm). Results Under simulated- physiological loading conditions, compared with the intact condition, stress in superior facet joint was similar with that of the ADR condition and the difference was insignificant(P0.05). However, stress in superior facet joint was remarkably increased after spinal fusion compared with the intact condition and the ADR condition(P 0.05). Conclusion The stress of superior facet joint was well maintained after artificial disc replacement, and remarkably increased after spinal fusion.


The product of three hypergeometric series of type ${}_0 F_1 $ with arguments x, $\omega x$, $\omega ^2 x$ ($\omega = $third root of unity) is expressed as a single hypergeometric series of type ${}_2 F_7 $. The proof uses differential equations; the basic idea (elimination of irreducible terms by means of the Cayley-Hamilton theorem) is more generally applicable.


To determine if memory biases influence recall of attachment patterns, we examined retrospective reports of adult attachment patterns in a sample of young established couples. At time 1, participants reported their attachment patterns on a self-report attachment measure (RQ). Eight months later, participants completed the RQ to assess their current attachment patterns, as well as their memory of their attachment patterns 8 months earlier. Seventy-eight percent of participants reported that their past attachment category was consistent with their current category, and 58% of participants accurately recalled their predominant time 1 attachment category. Parallel results were obtained with continuous attachment ratings We also found strong reconstructive biases: Participants'memories of their past attachment patterns were biased by their current patterns. Secure and insecure individuals did not differ in their perceptions of stability, their accuracy of recall, or the degree to which they demonstrated a consistency bias. Finally, with few exceptions, memories for time 1 attachment ratings were not biased by current relationship satisfaction, current partner attachment ratings, or reported life events. The importance of studying reconstructive biases in the field of adult attachment is discussed.


According to the Hawthorne effect, when people feel someone staring at them, they tend to be moral because of psychological pressure. We applied this Hawthorne effect to the appearance design of robots and examined the effect of robot appearance types on motivating donation. We executed a 2 (appearance types: anthropomorphic vs. functional) within-participants experiment (N=20). Participants perceived more social presence to an anthropomorphic robot than a functional robot. In addition, participants were more willing to donate when interacting with an anthropomorphic robot than a functional robot. Categories and Subject Descriptors I.2.9 [Artificial Intelligence]: Robotics – commercial robots and applications; H.5.2 [Information Interfaces and Presentation]: User Interfaces – user-centered design


Lipomas are benign tumors which can rarely involve the central nervous system (CNS), the incidence not exceeding 0.5% of all the intracranial tumors.1,2 The intracranial lipomas are usually small, well circumscribed and have any age or sex predominance except for the spinal lipomas which predominate in children and young adults. They are located more frequently in the corpus callosum, tuber cinereum, infundibulum, quadrigeminal plate and cisterna ambiens. In the last location the lesion may lie on the midbrain tectum and the superior vermis. In the present paper we report two cases of left quadrigeminal plate lipomas who presented with headache and seizures, both of which could be managed by medical treatment.


Jacques Attali, in his critically acclaimed book, Noise: The Political Economy of Music, cites one of Leibniz's little known but "extraordinary" texts, "Drôle de pensée touchant nouvelle sorte de représentation," in which the philosopher describes the "Palace of Marvels." The Palace of Marvels is Leibniz's idealization of a perfect political organization, which is built in such a way that the master of the house is able to hear and see everything that is being said and done in the premises without himself being perceived by his subjects. Leibniz's vision of disciplinary society not only predates


This paper reports research on several methodological biases, which can occur in all types of surveys, but does not specifically examine transport research. It discusses three important types of bias. Almost every survey asks people about past behaviours and experiences, but there are several ways of phrasing its questions and constructing its response alternatives. Biases can occur with response alternatives of any type for behavioural frequency questions, for which many other considerations need to be allowed for. 'Intensifiers', words like 'extremely' and 'very', can have a considerable impact when used with survey questions, but often produce no effects; it is recommended that they are not used. For several topics, researchers are interested in people's knowledge and how it relates to people's attitudes. The author's research shows that actually measuring people's level of knowledge of science can affect expressed interest and even alter what is meant by scientific terms. For the covering abstract, see IRRD 899056.


PURPOSE: To minimize the cross contamination among patients, and reduce the cost for use, by mounting a new web to a rigid housing part which can be repeatedly used by cleaning the same. CONSTITUTION: A finger 20 on a deformable pad 18, is hemmed by a flexible web 12 having a light generating unit 22, and an adhesive layer 28 having a black coating 29. On this occasion, the light generating unit 22 is located at a position opposite to a photo detector 24 in a window 25 having a copper grid 23, and formed on the pad on the rigid housing 14, through the finger. The reusable rigid housing and the expendable flexible web are electrically connected through an electric contact (not shown in a drawing), and can be removed. The rigid housing comprises a cable 26 to be connected with an external sensor monitoring device. COPYRIGHT: (C)1992,JPO


the reduction in the attributable mortality rate by day 33 among the combination group is no longer significant (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.10–1.12; ). P p .097 The comparison of Kaplan-Meier plots of time to the last positive culture is impressive. However, we have to note that ∼35% of the patients in the Mycograb group had negative cultures before starting therapy, compared with ∼21% in the control arm with negative cultures. Although the difference might not be statistically significant at baseline, it may have a substantial impact on the comparison of Kaplan-Meier plots of time to the last positive culture, because the Mycograb group had an advantage of 14% at day 0. In addition, there is no information on overall mortality at day 33 among the modified intent-to-treat population. We appreciate that the investigators tried to identify as precisely as possible the cause of death among these patients, and we know that this is very difficult, especially in the presence of another infection. Therefore, data on overall survival at day 33 is critical. Day 12 is too early to conclude that candidiasis has been fully controlled and has not left any visceral damage that might result in a delayed death. An overall survival curve through day 33 is mandatory for such a study. The results of this study look promising. However, data provided in the article by Pachl et al. [1] are insufficiently convincing to warrant the use of Mycograb and a lipid-associated formulation of amphotericin B for the treatment of candidiasis.


Actinomyces viscosus infections of the chest are rare in humans. Two such cases were reported previously. We report the clinical features of 3 additional patients. Two had pneumonia, and one had osteomyelitis of the rib. A. viscosus organisms were isolated in pure culture from all 3 patients.


This study is sequel to "Trends in the Development of Alternative Theatre Practice: The Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria Example". Unarguably, development in trends in the practice of Alternative Theatre in Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria has been established from the foregoing study to have been dictated and directed by emergent constraints/limitations in the process. It is this transitional development, therefore, which was initiated on the platform of the Samaru Project, and then progressed into the Community Theatre, that ultimately gave rise to Nigerian Popular Theatre Alliance [NPTA], a Non Governmental Organisation [NGO] that is not, however, bound by the university thrust to work with communities, using theatre as a tool for development. This study, therefore, focuses on Nigerian Popular Theatre Alliance [NPTA] as a further dimension in trends of Alternative Theatre practice in Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, to examine its role in the vanguard of Theatre for Development in a culturally pluralistic nation like Nigeria.


I do know a many fools, that stand in better place, garnish'd like him, that for a tricksy word, defy the matter. The Merchant of Venice (III, v, 72–75)


The expander, which revolution of the turbine reaches 40 000 r/min, is the center element for nature-gas separating. So the emphases are taken on the lubrication, vibration and temperature of the bearings. The PLC inspecting system can monitor the running state of the expander and deal with the different faults in order to ensure the safety.


Dynamin-Related Proteins' Little Helper Dynamin-related proteins (DRPs) comprise a family of large guanosine triphosphatases that self-assemble to form different nucleotide-dependent structures that associate with and change the behavior of intracellular membranes. Many studies have focused on how dynamins function by themselves as machines. In cells, however, DRPs cannot function alone and require additional, associated proteins (DAPs) to perform their functions. The exact mechanistic roles that DAPs play are not known. Lackner et al. (p. 874) address this question using the mitochondrial division machine that requires the DRP, Dnm1. The Dnm1-associated protein, Mdv1, functions as a conformational and structural nucleator for Dnm1 self-assembly. During mitochondrial division, a pair of proteins interacts to promote membrane scission. Dynamin-related proteins (DRPs) can generate forces to remodel membranes. In cells, DRPs require additional proteins [DRP-associated proteins (DAPs)] to conduct their functions. To dissect the mechanistic role of a DAP, we used the yeast mitochondrial division machine as a model, which requires the DRP Dnm1, and two other proteins, Mdv1 and Fis1. Mdv1 played a postmitochondrial targeting role in division by specifically interacting and coassembling with the guanosine triphosphate–bound form of Dnm1. This regulated interaction nucleated and promoted the self-assembly of Dnm1 into helical structures, which drive membrane scission. The nucleation of DRP assembly probably represents a general regulatory strategy for this family of filament-forming proteins, similar to F-actin regulation.


An empirical heating model, thermal protection system unit weight correlation, and trajectory analysis were used to develop a computation procedure for studying the sensitivity of thermal protection system weights to variations in pertinent trajectory parameters. The analytical techniques used in developing this computer program are described. Application of the analysis to a Space Shuttle Orbiter configuration was performed to demonstrate gross thermal protection system weight trends with selected entry trajectory parameters.


Evidence of small-scale condensations in the magnetic molecular clouds has been accumulating over the past decades through radio and optical/ultraviolet observations. The origin and shape of these small-scale condensations is a disputable issue. Nejad-Asghar & Ghanbari (2004 hereafter NG) have recently studied the effect of the linear thermal instability on the formation of fluctuations in molecular clouds. The authors inferred that under certain conditions (e.g., depending on expansion or contraction of the background) thermal instability and ambipolar diffusion can produce spherical, oblate, or prolate condensations.


We numerically simulate vortex nucleation in a Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) subject to an effective magnetic field. The effective magnetic field is generated from the interplay between light with a non-trivial phase structure and the BEC, and can be shaped and controlled by appropriate modifications to the phase and intensity of the light. We demonstrate that the nucleation of vortices is seeded by instabilities in surface excitations which are coupled to by an asymmetric trapping potential (similar to the case of condensates subject to mechanical rotation) and show that this picture also holds when the applied effective magnetic field is not homogeneous. The eventual configuration of vortices in the cloud depends on the geometry of the applied field.


L. Milazzo, M. Corbellino, A. Foschi, V. Micheli, A. Dodero, A. Mazzocchi, V. Montefusco, G. Zehender, S. Antinori. Late onset of hepatitis B virus reactivation following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: successful treatment with combined entecavir plus tenofovir therapy.
Transpl Infect Dis 2011. All rights reserved


The purpose of this paper is to examine the potential use of social media discussion forums in product innovation. The literature shows the value of sport addicts and hobbyists as innovators in product innovation; hence this study is related to sports. This is an empirical study based on substantial data collected from 28 discussion forums. Altogether 2,178 discussions related to heart rate monitors have been evaluated for this paper. Discussion forums can be regarded as a source of product innovation. However, due to the excessive amount of information in these forums, a planned approach in order to utilize these remarks is necessary. Sport addicts and hobbyists are very interested in product improvements and usage possibilities, forming a considerable resource. Social media discussion forums can replace focus groups, online surveys and panels, and it is easy to reach large groups, test ideas and secure feedback. However, the rapid speed in conversations and excessive need for interaction between individuals set high demands for organizations, as they should clearly decide how to participate, when and how to direct discussions, and how to effectively be present.


AbstractIn traditional societies, it is not too difficult to integrate the style and symbols of a house because they have a common language of the same yet mutually understandable style. However, this can not be applied nowadays with the development of pluralistic cultures encountered by Betawi people. Semiotic enables community to reflect on various related issues in the form of architecture and spatial arrangement. This research was conducted to obtain information that will be used to complement semiotics analytical methods. Field data collection methods are done both visually through recording of buildings and orally through interviewing some of the residents. This research uses semiotics analysis model derived from Ferdinand de Saussure which was adapted by Charles Peirce and used by Charles Jencks. Semiotics discussion on the style of Betawi house at Setu Babakan area consists of four major parts: building orientation, zoning, building typology, and building ornament. The result of this study confirms that there are several changes on the four major parts to support the shift of the village into a cultural village. These changes represent the sign of adaptability of the community to support the preservation and maintenance of Betawi house in this cultural village. Keywords: style and symbol, vernacular architecture, Betawi traditional house


The research aim to find out : (1) Influence the intensity of the use of computers as a medium of learning on student learning outcomes in ICT subjects at Junior High School 14 Purworejo. (2) Motivation influences the use of computers as a medium of learning on student learning outcomes in ICT subjects at Junior High School 14 Purworejo. (3) Influence of media interest in the use of computers as learning on student learning outcomes in ICT subjects in the Junior High School 14 Purworejo. (4) Influence the intensity, motivation and interest in the use of computers as a medium of learning for student learning outcomes in ICT subjects in the Junior High School 14 Purworejo.
This research is ex-post-facto quantitative approach. The population is all student of Junior High School 14 Purworejo totaling 570 students with sample 230 students. Methods for collecting data using questionnaires and documentation. Data analysis techniques using simple regression analysis techniques and multiple regression three predictors. The results showed that : (1) There is a positive and significant correlation between the intensity of the use of computers as a medium of learning for learning ICT learning outcomes by 15.2 %. (2) There is positive and significant relationship between motivation to use computers as a medium of learning for ICT learning outcomes of 24.5 %. (3) There is a positive and significant correlation between interest in the use of computers as a medium of learning for ICT learning outcomes by 22.2 %. (4) There is a positive and significant correlation between the intensity, motivation and interest in the use of computers as a medium of learning for ICT outcomes 43.3 %.
Keywords : Intensity, Motivation, Interest, Learning Outcomes.


The transition of clinical trial data to changes in routine clinical practice is often a slow process. We describe a rapid transition of patients from one form of antiviral therapy to a modified and potentially safer version that can occur quickly when there are no financial or organisational restrictions on the prescribers.


Background and significance: A simple but precise method to identify hematopoietic stem cells within mobilized peripheral blood would be useful for transplantation. Our lab has recently identified a family of surface markers whose differential expression distinguishes mouse hematopoietic stem cells from other hematopoietic progenitors. The founding member of the signaling lymphocyte attractant molecule (SLAM) family, CD150, was expressed on all hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) but not on other hematopoietic progenitors. Other SLAM-family members, including CD244 and CD48, were expressed by non-self-renewing multipotent progenitors and most colony-forming restricted progenitors, respectively. As a result, mouse stem cells can be highly purified as CD150+CD48− cells, dramatically simplifying and improving the purification of mouse HSCs. To begin to test whether SLAM family markers can facilitate the identification and purification of human hematopoietic stem cells, we have assessed the frequency of CD150+CD48− cells in mobilized peripheral blood and compared their distribution to that of CD34+CD38− cells, which are known to be highly enriched for human hematopoietic stem cells. Methods: Mobilized human peripheral blood samples were stained with anti-CD150 (conjugated to the FITC), anti-CD48 (PE), anti-CD41 (PE), anti-CD34 (APC), and anti-CD38 (PE-Cy5) antibodies. Samples were analyzed by flow-cytometry. Results: We have identified a population of CD150+CD48−CD41− cells within human mobilized peripheral blood that is present at a similar frequency as the same population in mobilized mouse peripheral blood (mean 0.039±0.11%). The CD34+CD38− population was similarly infrequent. Interestingly, 16.3±19.5% of CD150+CD48−CD41− cells were also CD34+ whereas only 1.13±3.45% of the CD34+CD38− population was CD150+CD48−CD41− raising the possibility that SLAM-family members may substantially improve the purity of human hematopoietic stem cells. Conclusion: Murine and human hematopoietic tissues have a similar frequency of CD150+CD48−CD41− cells. It is possible that the use of SLAM-family markers might enhance the identification and purification of human hematopoietic stem cells beyond what is possible using CD34 and CD38. We are currently performing reconstitution assays to test this functionally.


This article is published by permission of Transaction, Inc. from The New Class?, B. Bruce-Briggs, editor, copyright (c) 1979 by Transaction, Inc., and reprinted in paperback by McGraw-Hill. It deals with a topic that is prominent in political and sociological literature, but virtually ignored in legal journals: the role of a "new class" of journalists, teachers, civil servants, and other highly educated people who-although themselves relatively affluent and privileged--tend to favor liberal political and legal causes. The precise composition of this class, and indeed whether it exists at all, are controversial topics that are discussed from several points of view in The New Class? Still more controversial is the question whether the growth of such a class is an occasion for celebration or alarm. Although Professor Glazer's thesis is not limited to constitutional law, it obviously pertains to the modern expansion of constitutional rights. We think that readers of all political persuasions will find it interesting, and-because it is the kind of analysis that constitutional specialists rarely see-we are grateful that Professor Glazer and his publisher have allowed us to reprint it. Since the value of the thesis does not turn on statistical details, we have not troubled to bring these up to date.


Today we are witnessing the widespread deployment of AI algorithms on many computing platforms already to provide various services, thus driving the growing market for AI-based platforms. On the one end, AI support is demanded for resource-constrained embedded devices, e.g., integrated into smart homes and vehicles. On the other end, hi-tech giants and cloud services require AI platforms with increasing computational power to feed their data-hungry neural networks. Neglecting security and privacy aspects on both such low-end and high-end AI platforms can have devastating consequences for end users (privacy and safety) as well as for the AI service providers (IP theft). The utopia of a world where intelligent devices ease the human life can easily turn into a dystopia where the ownership of personal data is threatened.In recent years, tremendous effort has been invested in the development of security architectures that protect sensitive services in isolated execution contexts, called enclaves, which provide protection beyond that of commodity operating systems. In this paper, we elaborate on the most well-known enclave-based security architectures to protect AI services. We point out their shortcomings in providing the security guarantees needed for existing and emerging AI services and discuss new ideas and research directions.


As the LED market continues to grow and overtake many other lighting technologies such as incandescent and compact fluorescent bulbs (CFL), there are many challenges that LED manufacturers face. As demand for higher power and longer life continue to drive LED adoption in lighting applications, manufacturers must be able to find ways to increase thermal efficiency while reducing cost for LED package designs. In this paper, the benefits of a new Pb Free smooth-print thick film Ag conductor are examined in comparison to more traditional die attach methods, which include plated thin films, and polymer based die attach adhesives. A smooth print thick film conductor can offer the best of both worlds as cost and process simplicity are comparable to a polymer system, while thermal efficiency and solderability are comparable to plated thin film systems. As surface smoothness increases, there is also the benefit of reduced solder voiding and material usage; solder voiding is a major contributor to thermal inefficie...


While virtual crowds are becoming common in non‐real‐time applications, the real‐time domain is still relativelyunexplored. In this paper we discuss the challenges involved in creating such simulations, especially the needto efficiently manage variety. We introduce the concept of levels of variety. Then we present our work oncrowd behaviour simulation aimed at interactive real‐time applications such as computer games or virtualenvironments. We define a modular behavioural architecture of a multi‐agent system allowing autonomous andscripted behaviour of agents supporting variety. Finally we show applications of our system in a virtual realitytraining system and a virtual heritage reconstruction.


The active parts of 11 medicinal plants were analyzed for physico-chemical evaluation, phytochemical determination and antioxidant activity. The physico-chemical evaluation revealed that highest water soluble extractive was from Origanum vulgare (38%), highest chloroform extractive was from Psoralea corylifolia (21%); highest ethanolic extractive was that of Acorus calamus (11%) and the highest hexane extractive value was for Arnebia nobilis (9.8%). The total ash content evaluation indicated that Achillea millefolium yielded (20.2 %) and Rauvolfia serpentina yielded (41.6%); these values are much higher than the standard ash values for these plants indicating that these drugs are highly adulterated and substandard. The highest essential oil was yielded by Acorus calamus (3.2%). The highest saponin percentage was analyzed in Acorus calamus (8.9%), while the alkaloids percentage was determined at 21% in Peganum harmala. Among all the plants assessed for DPPH free radical scavenging activity, the maximum activity was shown by Paeonia emodi (85.8%), followed by Achillea millefolium (81.7%) and Origanum vulgare (80.3%).


Background/Objective: Clinical trials demonstrated that systemic administration of B cell-depleting anti-CD20 can hold lesion formation and clinical progression in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO). To date, no unequivocal long-term treatment regimen exists, while emerging data in NMO suggest that clinical activity may return before circulating B cells can be detected in blood. In order to investigate whether this may refer to an earlier reoccurrence of B cells in immune organs, we monitored compartment-specific B cell repletion in formerly anti-CD20-treated mice.
 Methods: C57BL/6 mice received 3 weekly subcutaneous injections with 0.2 mg murine anti-CD20 or isotype control. Thereafter, mice remained naive or were immunized with 100 ug MOG p35-55 in CFA. 2 mice/group (naive/immunized/anti-CD20/isotype)
were sacrificed weekly and spleen, lymph node, bone marrow and blood was analysed for frequency of B cells by FACS. The ability of reoccuring B cells to act as antigen-presenting cells was evaluated in co-culture with naive T cells.
 Results: Following 3 injections of anti-CD20, B cell depletion was virtually complete in blood and lymph node, while around 5% and 21% of B cells remained detectable in the spleen and bone marrow, respectively. In naive as well as in immunized mice, B cell repletion started in spleen and bone marrow around week 7. In contrast, reappearance of B cells in lymph node and blood began around week 9 when bone marrow and spleen were already fully repleted with CD20 + B cells. Functionally, these B cells were capable of binding, processing and presenting antigen in a manner indistinguishable from B cells isolated from isotype-treated control mice.
 Conclusions: Functionally competent B cells repopulate immune-relevant organs before they can be detected in the only accessible compartment in humans. These findings indicate that monitoring B cell frequencies in the blood may not suffice to assess indication and efficacy of anti-CD20 treatment in MS and NMO.
 Study Supported by: Hoffmann LaRoche Disclosure: Dr. Weber has received personal compensation for activities with Hoffmann-LaRoche, Genentech Inc., Novartis, Bayer Pharmaceuticals Corp., Merck Serono, Biogen Idec and Teva Neuroscience. Dr. Weber has received research support from Teva Neuroscience, and Roche Diagnostics Corp.


Synthetic Escherichia coli‐type lipid A formed hexagonal plate crystals when it was precipitated by the addition of 2 volumes of 95% ethanol containing 375 mM MgCl2 and incubated in 70% ethanol containing 250 mM MgCl2 at 4 C for 10 days. Analyses of crystals by electron diffraction and synchrotron X‐ray diffraction showed that crystals consist of hexagonal lattices with the lattice constant (a side of the lozenge as a unit cell on the basal plane) of 4.62 Å and the longitudinal axis (perpendicular to the basal plane) of 49.3 ±1.3 Å. Results suggest that the previous finding that various kinds of R‐form lipopolysaccharides crystallized but free lipid A isolated by acid hydrolysis from Re lipopolysaccharide did not crystallize under the same experimental conditions (Kato et al, J. Bacteriol., 172: 1516‐1528, 1990) is due to structural changes of lipid A occurring during the procedure of isolation of free lipid A.


Part of the electric energy consumes in the electronical resistance tape and turns into heat energy when an electric locomotive is braking.The safety of the locomotive will be threatened if heat energy in the electronical resistance tape does not dissipate as quickly as possible.So it is important to know the flow and heat transfer characteristics of air in the electronical resistance tape channels.The periodically fully developed laminar flow in a electronical resistance tape has been investigated by numerical analysis in the Reynolds number range of 300~1000.A set of laminar flow predictions are presented to demonstrate the effects of the different Reynolds numbers,different angles of aggress and different extents of slots on the Nusselt number and the friction factor.The results show: With the same angle of aggress,Nu increases with increase of the extent of slot,and the friction factor increases more than Nu;with the same extent of slot,Nu and the friction factor both increase with increase of the angle of aggress;L(extent of slot)=5 mm and α(angle of aggress)=30° are the optimum parameters,which help to gain higher thermal transfer efficiency and smaller friction.


Bacteria isolated from the crop and stomach of laboratory-reared and wild oriental fruit flies, Dacus dorsalis Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae), were identified and tested for attractancy to adult flies in a laboratory olfactometer. Bacteria were identified primarily as belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae and included Enterobacter cloacae, E. agglomerans, Klebsiella oxytoca, Citrobacter freundii , and Kluyvera sp. Bacteria isolated from laboratory flies but found in wild flies included Providencia rettgeri, P. stuartii , and Serratia and Cedecea spp. Attractancy of flies to samples of bacteria cultures, both broth-free (washed) and in broth (unwashed), indicated a relatively low response of flies to these substrates compared with a known attractant, PIB-7 (protein hydrolysate). However, when washed bacteria were tested in the presence or absence of PIB-7 as a treatment, there was a significantly higher response of the flies to the washed bacteria when PIB-7 was absent. Washed bacteria also attracted significantly more flies than water or saline controls. When bacteria were tested as broth cultures (unwashed), they were not significantly different from the broth media in which they were grown. In washed and unwashed bacteria experiments, females showed a greater response than males when treatments were combined for analysis, whereas there were no apparent differences in response among flies of different ages to the combined treatments. Differences in response by sex to the individual treatments revealed significantly greater attraction of females to C. freundii as washed bacteria and to E. cloacae and K. pneumoniae as unwashed bacteria.


The electrochromic switching times of solid state conducting polymer devices fabricated by the ionic self-assembled multilayer method has been investigated. The devices were composed of bilayers of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) on indium tin oxide substrates. Devices fabricated from 40 bilayer thick films have coloration and decolaration switching times of 31 and 6ms, respectively, with low applied voltage (1.4V) for an active area of 0.6cm2. The switching times have been shown to decrease with the active area of the electrochromic device suggesting that even faster electrochromic switching times are possible for devices with smaller areas.


Ever since human society developed, environmental and social changes have led to major challenges that must be dealt with. Some of these major challenges are seen as "disasters," for which a definition that is frequently used is similar to "A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society causing widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses which exceed the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources" (UNISDR, 2004; see, e.g., Quarantelli, 1998, and Furedi, 2007, for discussions on the meaning(s) of "disaster"). From witnessing disasters and being forced to work through the aftermath, humanity has been shifting toward trying to reduce disasters' impacts or to avert them entirely. This field has the modern-day interpretation of "disaster risk reduction," defined as "The conceptual framework of elements considered with the possibilities to minimize vulnerabilities and disaster risks throughout a society, to avoid (prevention) or to limit (mitigation and preparedness) the adverse impacts of hazards, within the broad context of sustainable development" (UNISDR, 2004).


be a trigonometric series of two variables, where Amn(X, y) = amn cos mx cos ny + bm,n cos mX sin ny + dm,n sin mx cos fy + fm,n sin mx sin ny (m, n = 1, 2, *. . ), Ao ,(x, y) = 1j(aon cos ny + bon sin my) (n = 1, 2, ... ), AmO(x, y) = A(am,o COS mx + dmo sin mx) (m = 1, 2', .), and Ao,o(x, y) Ao0,o/4, amn , brn,n , dm,n , fm,n being real constants. The series (1.1) is said to be convergent (or summable) by spherical means, if the spherical partial sum


Creativity of educator in the learning process is the key to improve the competence of learners. One way is by developing teaching materials creatively to attract learners to learn. Using animated story based handout is an alternative to improve the competence of learners. This study aims to investigate the Effect of animated story based handout in POE's learning model to the achievement of student competencies at the SMP N 7 Padang. This research classified into Quasi Experiment research with Randomized Control Group Only Design. The research population was all students in grade VII registered in the academic year 2015/2016. The technique sampling was cluster random sampling.. Research data includes knowledge competencies, skills and attitude. The research instrument is in the form of a written test for competency knowledge, scorring rubric for competency skills and observation sheet for competence of attitude. Data were analyzed using statistical test of equality of two average (t-test) and chi square test. The result of the knowledge competencies show experimental class and control class different significantly on the real level of significant 0,05. This difference is believed to be the effect of the treatment given to the experimental class, so that it can be said that hypothesis is accepted.  Then, for skills and attitude competence, data was analyzed using chi square test. The result shows there are no significant effect of using treatment given, so that it can be said that hypothesis is not accepted on the significance level 5% and dk 1


In order to explore the effect of the gas layer at ship bottom on reducing resistance,experimental study has carried out in SSSRI.The testing platform of gas layer reducing resistance and testing process are described in detail in the paper.The analysis and comparison of the experimental result are also given.


The most common cause of joint problems is the destruction of articular cartilage, which is generally caused by abrasion, arthritis, or pressure during severe loading. beginning of the destruction process of the articular cartilage, normal joint function is also affected, and in the absence of treatment, the cartilage of the joint is destroyed and the joint is susceptible to osteoarthritis; on the other hand, the lack of pericardium on the articular cartilage, as well as the lack of vascularity, make repairing of the articular cartilage suffer from lots of limitations . Surgical procedures are considered as the most effective treatment for healing of articular cartilage, among which the osteochondral autologous transplantation procedure provides the most similar tissue to the primary cartilage in terms of tissue healing. Due to the limited amount of harvestable osteochondral autologous bone-cartilage tissue, as well as incidence of complications resulting from the area of harvesting bone-cartilage grafts, this procedure also has limitations in implementation . Abstract Background: The destruction of articular cartilage is the major cause of articular problems. The articular cartilage has little repair postertial due to lack of perichondrium and direct blood circulation. It is, therefore important to consider this phenomena in surgical treatments. One of the articular cartilage reconstructive surgeries is using Osteo-Chondral graft. The main purpose of this research was to investigate the use of Xenogenic (calf foetal) Osteo-Chondral graft in repairing articular cartilage defect on Rabbit's model. Methods: Osteo-Chondral pieces were prepared under aseptic condition from the joints by skin punch device and kept at a temperature of 70oc below zero. Ten male New Zealand rabbits of one year old were randomly divided into two groups of five, as control and transplantation groups calf's fetal. The skin and joint capsule were opened by surgery and articular cartilage was exposed. After defect creation by drill, in the transplanted group an OsteoChondral piece was inserted in the defected area; however, in the control group the defect was created but left empty. Joint capsule and skin were sutured in both groups. During 60 days of study, radiographs were taken from rabbits of each group randomly to evalua on of osteoarthri s signs on days 14, 28 and 42. Finally all rabbits were euthanized for histopathological sampling and evaluated on day 60. Results: The result of the clinical evaluations did not show any sing of inflammation nor limping. In radiological evaluation there was no evidence of arthritis complications but showed defect filling signs in experimental group. In the histopathologic evaluations, the defect of transplanted group was filled with fibro-cartilage tissues and without any signs of graft rejection. In two samples of five specimens of transplanted group Fibrous tissue was the dominant tissue and in other two as the dominant tissue. Only in one sample of this group the integrity of the cartilage tissue was completely formed. But in the control group, the lesions were observed without any restorative tissue and only filled by red blood cells. Conclusion: The study suggests that Xenogenic Foetal Osteo-Chondral tissue is an effective tissue for repairing articular cartilage defects.


The rise in the protein levels in Scylla serrata during first 12 hrs after bacterial inoculation might be associated with the release of other humoral defense factors involved in clearance of bacteria. In the present study it was observed that the protein content increase was moderate in the hemolymph of challenged crabs during 2hrs and 4hrs but reached maximum during 12hrs and started decreasing from 12hrs to 24 hrs gradually in case of male crabs challenged with Gram positive and Gram Negative bacteria. The quantitative estimation of total carbohydrates was made in the crab, Scylla serrata at 2hrs, 4hrs, 8hrs, 12hrs, 16hrs, 20hrs and 24hrs in control, control injured and male crabs challenged with Klebsiella pneumonia and Bacillus cereus. Basing on the results it was observed that the carbohydrate content decreased gradually from 2 hrs to 24hrs and the percentage of decrease is highest 26% in male crab challenged with Klebsiella pneumonia. The depletion of total carbohydrate may be due to its rapid utilization to meet the energy demands under the impact of bacterial inoculation. The lipid content increased gradually from 2 hrs to 12 hrs and decrease from 12 hrs to 24hrs in male crabs challenged with Klebsiella pneumonia and Bacillus cereus. The percent of increase from 2hrs to 24 hrs is 18% in male crab challenged with Klebsiella pneumonia and 14 % in male crab challenged with Bacillus cereus.


We have remeasured the lifetimes of the 3s24s and 3s25s2S1/2 levels in Si II using beam foil spectroscopic techniques. Measured values for the lifetimes and oscillator strengths derived from them are presented and compared with previous measurements and theoretical calculations. Agreement with recent theoretical calculations is now quite good: for 3s24s it is excellent and for 3s25s it is satisfactory, although the theoretical uncertainties in that calculation are still somewhat larger than desired.


Objective To explore the effect of lipid metabolic disturbance in hyper viscosity syndrome by comparing white blood cell membrane fluidity, leucocyte auto-fluorescence ,plasma lipid peroxidation,plasma cholesterol with the person without hyper viscosity syndrome.Methods Measuring the membrane fluidity of white blood cell of 100 persons with hyper viscosity syndrome and 60 persons without hyper viscosity syndrome by fluorescence polarization technology.Using spectrophotofluorometer to measure and analyze the fluorescence emission spectrums with malonaldehyde kit measure malonaldehyde contents in plasma and cholesterol total kit measures cholesterol total contents in plasma.Results Compared to the person without hyper viscosity syndrome,the membrane fluidity of white blood cell in the patiens decreased;malonaldehyde contents in plasma increased,cholesterol kit measure cholesterol total contents in plasma increased,fluorescence peak at 330nm,561.4nm,654.4nm obviously. Conclusion Hyper viscosity syndrome leads to lipoids metabolic disturbance which effects the molecular constitution and function of membrane and decreases white cell membrane fluidity, and increases malonaldehyde contents, cholesterol total contents.Fluorescence peak at 330nm, 561.4nm, 654.4nm obviously.


This paper develops a framework for studying the general equilibrium effects of endogenous quality upgrading, a new margin of trade, on the welfare impact of trade liberalization. The theoretical model introduces product quality differentiation amongst heterogeneous firms and focuses on supply-side determinants of international trade. Among other results, in general equilibrium, trade liberalization decreases the share of high-quality varieties in exports and the average productivity of exporters. These changes affect average export price in opposite ways. Nevertheless, trade liberalization in the quality-extended model increases consumers' welfare by more than in the benchmark model.


ABSTRACT Utilization of fermentation residues burdens management of many biogas stations. Its incorporation into arable land remains the most common practice despite the application cost are about the same to fertilization benefits, notwithstanding risk of soil crust formations and linked degradation of soil's ability to retain water, transfer of knapweed seeds, and soil acidification. Two alternatives that deal with fermentation residues that were previously dewatered and pyrolysed were analyzed. Regarding the first alternative, the dust from charred residues was incorporated back into the feedstock of biogas station. The second alternative analyzed application of the dusty char as a wall finisher in building interiors. It was found that incorporation of charred residues into the feedstock that enters the anaerobic fermentation accelerates the biogas production thanks to increase of reaction surface and improves the stability of the fermentation process because of its pH and buffering capacity. Concerning the wall surface alternative, it was also confirmed that the charred residues improve the indoor welfare thanks to its sorption capacity that captures wide portfolio of air pollutants.


The Androgen receptor (AR) is expressed in up to 90% of primary ER-positive (ER+) breast cancer and high expression of AR is an independent prognostic factor associated with good outcome. Its role in the context of ER+ breast cancer is very controversial and has constrained clinical implementation of new drugs that influence AR activity for treatment of women with this disease, resulting in concurrent clinical trials of opposite AR agonist and antagonist strategies. Herein, using RNA-seq and Chip-seq approaches, we demonstrate that therapeutic activation of AR for treatment of breast cancer leverages a natural regulatory mechanism that inhibits estrogen-stimulated proliferation and induction of cell cycle genes in patient-derived explants (PDE) of primary ER+ breast cancers, and in contemporary in vivo patient-derived xenograft (PDX) and cell line xenograft models of ER+ breast cancer resistant to standard-of-care ER targeting agents, including those harbouring genomic aberrations of ESR1. AR-mediated growth inhibition mechanistically involved loss of ER or co-activator p300 recruitment to chromatin at key cell cycle genes, leading to transcriptional down-regulation. A signature of AR activity derived from the xenograft models positively predicted disease survival in multiple large clinical cohorts of ER+ breast cancer, outperforming other breast cancer-specific prognostic signatures. Finally, the combination strategy of a new class of non virilising Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator (SARM) in combination with CDK4/6 inhibitors demonstrated additive effects in our preclinical models. Collectively, these findings provide compelling evidence that AR has a tumour suppressor role in ER+ breast cancer and advocate an AR agonist strategy for treatment, even in the context of therapy-resistant, ESR1 mutant disease, and should dispel widespread confusion over the role of AR in ER-driven breast cancer, an issue that currently hinders progress in leveraging modern AR-targeted therapies, including available SARMs that lack the undesirable side-effects of androgens, for clinical benefit. Citation Format: Elgene Lim, Theresa A Hickey, Luke A Selth, Kee Ming Chia, Heloisa H Milioli, Daniel Roden, Geraldine Laven-Law, Shalini Jindal, Mun Hui, Esmaeil Ebrahimie, Stephen N Birrell, Suzan Stelloo, C. Elizabeth Caldon, Jessica Finlay-Schultz, Tarek M Abdel-Fatah, Ian O Ellis, Willbert Zwart, Carlo Palmieri, Carol A Sartorius, Alex Swarbrick, Jason S Carroll, Wayne D Tilley. The androgen receptor is a tumour suppressor in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr GS2-03.


Summary.  The neurotoxicity of a substance is often tested using animal bioassays. In the functional observational battery, animals are exposed to a test agent and multiple outcomes are recorded to assess toxicity, using approximately 40 animals measured on up to 30 different items. This design gives rise to a challenging statistical problem: a large number of outcomes for a small sample of subjects. We propose an exact test for multiple binary outcomes, under the assumption that the correlation among these items is equal. This test is based upon an exponential model described by Molenberghs and Ryan (1999, Environmetrics10, 279–300) and extends the methods developed by Corcoran et al. (2001, Biometrics57, 941–948) who developed an exact test for exchangeably correlated binary data for groups (clusters) of correlated observations. We present a method that computes an exact p‐value testing for a joint dose–response relationship. An estimate of the parameter for dose response is also determined along with its 95% confidence bound. The method is illustrated using data from a neurotoxicity bioassay for the chemical perchlorethylene.


The jurisprudence of this paper is on the examination of criminality in tax offences and the effects of same on Nigerian as a nation. In doing this, the paper examines what constitute an offence, categories as well as penalty attached there to under the Nigerian Tax Law. The paper also discusses the synergy between tax compliance and economic development of a Nation. In the final analysis, the paper argues that non-compliance to the payment of tax is an act of sabotage; outlines some of the negative effects of such act and proffers some workable solutions in form of recommendations. Keywords: Appraisal, Nature and Effects, Nigeria, Nation


Concern-Driven Development (CDD) promises improved productivity, reusability, and maintainability because high-level concerns that are important to stakeholders are encapsulated regardless of how these concerns are distributed over the system structure. However, to truly capitalize on the benefits promised by CDD, concerns need to be encapsulated across software development phases, i.e., across different types of models at different levels of abstraction. Model-Driven Engineering plays an important role in this context as the automated transformation of concern-oriented models (a) allows a software engineer to use the most appropriate modeling notation for a particular task, (b) automates error-prone tasks, and (c) avoids duplication of modeling effort. The earlier transformations can be applied in a CDD process, the greater the potential cost savings. Hence, we report on our experiences in applying tool supported transformations from scenario-based requirements models to structural and behavioral design models during CDD. While automated model transformations certainly contribute to the three benefits mentioned above, they can also lead to more clearly and succinctly defined modeling activities at each modeling level and aid in the precise definition of the semantics of the used modeling notations.


In this paper a multicell converter with three cells is introduced. The general operation of such a converter and the mathematical model are presented. The main goal is to define a new control algorithm using a Petri Net that was achieved by developing a logic diagram based on the converter's operation modes and implement it into an algorithm simulated in Mathlab-Simulink.


The portion of Islamic banking is still small when compared with national
banks. But when viewed from a variety of potential of the industry will continue to
grow exponentially. Various business can compete to win Islamic banking market
in way satisfying the customer. Also BNI Syariah after the spin-off of BNI, will be
more independent and focus to meet customer requirements in order to reach
customer satisfaction. In this study the authors use the service quality, customer
value, and product attributes of Islam as an independent variabel to be research
how they affect customer satisfaction. After doing a literature review and
hypothesis formulation, data obtained from questionnaires from 100 customers
BNI Syariah Yogyakarta branch, which is obtained by using purposive sampling.
Questionnaire method is used to determine the response of respondents to each
variable.
The results showed that coeffiicient of determination shown in the
Adjusted R Square of 0.546, which means that customer satisfaction impact can
be explained by the three independent variables in the research that the quality of
service, customer value, and product attribute of sharia banking by 54,6%, and
the remaining 45.4% can be explained by other variables outside the model of this
research. Partially based on the results of test variables in this study has positive
and significant in which the customer has the greatest influence than other
variables in this study, while product attributes Islam has the lowest impact on
customer satisfaction. Based on F test results indicate that simultaneously or
jointly variables in this research is service quality, customer value, and product
attributes of sharia banking has positive and significant impact on customer
satisfaction. Therefore, to increase customer satisfaction can be done by
improving service quality, customer value, and product attributes of sharia
banking.


The normal context-aware applications mainly focus on the information acquisition and processing from isolated sensor nodes or devices, which make the applications lack of the ability of information sharing and cooperation. This paper introduces collaborative idea into intelligent context-aware environment, establishes a common framework and model for collaborative context-awareness, and specifies the workflow of collaborative intelligent sensing. The proposed modeling and processing method can be effectively used in smart home and other application scenarios, which can improve the reliability and accuracy of perception, and improve the efficiency of the context-awareness processing obviously.


In speed sensorless induction motor drives (SSIMD), the rotor speed is unobservable when synchronous speed $\omega_{e}$ equals to zero. Consequently, SSIMD system has unstable problem when input frequency of motor is closed to zero or equal to zero. This unstable problem results in that the SSIMD technology cannot be applied to motor drive system with gravitational load. In this paper, a virtual voltage injection method, based on adaptive full order observer (AFO), is proposed to solve the unstable problem of SSIMD when the synchronous speed $\omega_{e}$ equals to zero. The virtual voltage injection means the voltage signal is only injected into AFO, there is no signal being injected into the motor. When the synchronous speed $\omega_{e}$ equals to zero, the traditional rotor speed estimation method become invalid, but rotor speed still can be estimated by the injected voltage in the AFO. Finally the feasibility of proposed method is verified by experiments.


Gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3) is a suitable material for next generation high power devices because of its huge critical electric field strength. However, most current device structures are not enough to take advantage of the full potential of Ga2O3 because these structures are optimized for material properties of silicon. To bring out the potential of Ga2O3, we propose a trench structure. First, we made Ga2O3 metal-oxide-semiconductor Schottky barrier diodes (MOSSBDs). The HfO2 film was deposited on the trench bottom and sidewall. Ga2O3 MOSSBD had a small leakage current level, and had about a 40% lower forward voltage than that of the commercially available SiC SBDs. We thus successfully demonstrated that the performance of Ga2O3 devices can exceed that of SiC devices. Next, we made Ga2O3 junction barrier Schottky (JBS) diodes. p-type region was made by p-type NiO. The Ga2O3 JBS diode had several orders of magnitude smaller leakage current than that of the normal SBD. This result indicates that the electric field at the Schottky junction decreased as a result of using the JBS structure. Finally, we fabricated Ga2O3 trench MOS field effect transistors. We used a static induction transistor-type structure that can be made only with n-type semiconductors. Si-doped Ga2O3 n+ contact and n-drift layers were grown on Sn-doped (001) Ga2O3 substrate with HVPE. The gate dielectric was HfO2. The device showed clear current modulation characteristics and a maximum current density of 1.36 kA/cm2. The device had a high on-off ratio of over 107.


Coelomactra antiquata is an important economic seashell in China and the Coelomactra antiquata from Changle,Fujian province is especially famous. It is the first time to report the ITS-1 sequence of Coelomactra antiquata (Lamillibranchia,Bivalvia,Venerioda,Mactridae,Coelomactra). The genetic diversity of Coelomactra antiquata from three sea areas which locate at Jiangsu province,Changle,Fujian province,Shenhu,Fujian province are analyzed based on the ITS-1 sequence as the gene maker. The genetic distance of Coelomactra antiquata from Shenhu and Changle is relatively near;the genetic distance from Jiangsu and Shenhu and from Jiangsu and Changle are relatively far. The Coelomactra antiquata from Changle with the highest quality is different in morphology compared with which from other areas. Based on the Phylogenetic and sequence analysis,the genetic diversity between the Coelomactra antiquata from Changle and other areas is not distinct. And phylogenetic analysis of Coelomactra antiquata in Mactridae and Bivalvia are also conducted.


According to the real situation of lack of quality evaluation system on smart meter in rural areas of China, this paper introduces a full life-cycle quality evaluation model of smart meter which contains the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) based on triangular fuzzy number and the defect deduction method. The AHP based on triangular fuzzy number is used to establish the full life-cycle quality hierarchical model of smart meter and make the evaluation at all levels. Evaluation at all levels is scored based on the defect deduction method and the AHP based on triangular fuzzy number is used to calculate the index weight of evaluation. Finally, we get the smart meter weighted quality evaluation. The single-phase smart meter of a manufacturer is introduced as an example to demonstrate the rationality and validity of the model.


The article considers the problems of application of elements of intelligent transport systems in cargo transportation to transport enterprises of Ukraine. Calculations of economic indicators from the introduction of RFID-chips on the example of the existing motor transport enterprise «LOGISTIC UA» are performed. The object of research is the process of transportation of goods. The purpose of the work is to improve the process of cargo transportation with the use of elements of intelligent transport systems. The research method is the analytical. To simplify the tracking and control of transport characteristics of goods, it is proposed to introduce the use of RFID technologies in transport companies, namely RFID chips, which is a very economical and effective tool in transport logistics. The methodology for calculating the economic benefits from the introduction of RFID chips in transport companies is presented and its effectiveness in practice is proved. KEY WORDS: INTELLECTUAL TRANSPORT SYSTEMS, RFID-CHIPS, CARGO TRANSPORTATION.


Field-oriented controlled induction motor drives may be detuned due to rotor time constant variation.A rotor time constant estimation method based on model reference adaptive system(MRAS) with reactive power model is presented.Convergence of the estimator is proved using the Popov's super-stability theory.Since dead-time effect of inverter may induce reconstruction error of phase voltage and waveform distortion of stator current.A dead-time compensation strategy is presented to improve accuracy of model calculation.The stator current vector angle is obtained in synchronous rotating scheme.Then sensitivity of motor parameters to the model is analyzed.The feasibility of the proposed estimation is verified by experimental results of field-oriented vector controlled 11kW induction motor drive.


For a given emissions scenario, GCM predictions of climate change are subject to uncertainties arising from the representation of climate system processes in the model and the effects of natural variability. These uncertainties imply a probability distribution of outcomes for a given climate variable, which must be specified before quantitative risk assessments can be made. In principle such distributions can be estimated from large ensembles of GCM predictions. In practice this has not hitherto been possible due to a lack of computing power with the result that only crude uncertainty estimates are currently available, based on a handful of models run at different centres.


A new phthalazin-hydrazone based fluorescent chemosensor (E)-5-(diethylamino)-2-((2-(phthalazin-1-yl)hydrazono)methyl)phenol (1) was reported. Sensor 1 showed a high selectivity and sensitivity towards Hg2+ by giving significant fluorescence enhancement at 550 nm over other tested cations in DMSO/H2O (80 : 20, v/v) medium. The association constant was 1.0 × 104 M−1 between sensor 1 and Hg2+. Sensor 1 showed a nanomolar detection limit of 26.1 nM Hg2+. Finally, the fluorescence imaging experiments for the detection of intracellular Hg2+ in human cervical cancer HeLa cells showed its practical utility in biological samples.


Objective Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation as a result of an exaggerated T -cell response. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) expressed mainly on activated T cells inhibits T cell activation by combining B7 through competing CD28 and maintains immune system homeostasis. Polymorphisms in the CTLA-4 gene are known to be associated with several autoimmune diseases, but no studies related to IBD. The aim of the study is to investigate an association between CTLA-4 gene microsatellite polymorphisms and IBD. Methods:Unrelated 68 Chinese Han patients with IBD (54 Ulcerative colitis and 14 Crohn's disease) and 140 healthy controls were studied. The (AT)n repeated sequence in the 3'untranslated region of exon 4 were amplified by allele-specific PCR. The amplified products were electrophorosised by 12% polyacrylamid gel and followed by silver staining. Results Eighteen alleles ofCTLA-4 microsatellite were found in Chinese patients and healthy individuals. Long allele, 122bp was apparently increased in patients with ulcerative colitis compared with healthy controls (7.4% vs 0.3%, P=0.0002/Pc=Sig, OR =22.320, 95% CI:2.755 ~180.80). Conclusion CTLA -4 gene microsatellite polymorphism was strongly associated with ulcerative colitis in Chinese Han patients in Hubei Province.


Extrinsic polypeptides of the thylakoid lumen in chloroplasts or cyanobacteria are synthesized with an N-terminal leader sequence that is cleaved by a peptidase on translocation. Such sequences are broadly similar to those which direct translocation of polypeptides across the bacterial plasma membrane, and it has been reported that the specificities of the plant thylakoidal and E. coli processing peptidases are identical (1). To test this, we have applied the weight matrix of von Heijne (2) for prediction of bacterial signal peptide cleavage sites to our collection of chloroplast thylakoid lumen extrinsic protein sequences with identified cleavage sites, and report here that the predictive accuracy is much less (58%) than when applied to bacterial signal sequences (89%) suggesting that the specificities, although similar, are not identical. The algorithm predicted the correct cleavage sites for cytochrome c-552 of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (3), the 33 kDa Photosystem II polypeptide of spinach (4), the 23 kDa PSH polypeptides of spinach (5), pea (6) and C. reinhardtii (7), and plastocyanin and subunit IV of PSI of spinach (8,9). Incorrect cleavage sites were predicted for the 33 kDa polypeptides of pea (10) and C. reinhardtii (11), the 16 kDa PSII polypeptide of spinach (5), plastocyanin from pea (12) and subunit IV of PSI of C. reinhardtii. To allow more accurate predictions for thylakoid peptides, we have used the above sequences to construct a weight matrix, with a window of -5 to +2 around the cleavage site. Where two or three sequences for one polypeptide


Hundreds of kilometers astray of its traditional range, at the Sewage Works (S22°39' S14°32') in Swakopmund, we caught and ringed a female Red-billed Firefinch


Revised! FCS2178, a 4-page fact sheet by Eboni J. Baugh and Deborah Humphries, is part of the Florida Marriage Preparation series. It encourages couples to look at the importance of learning and practicing the relationship skill of listening and of expressing thoughts and feelings. Includes references. Published by the UF Department of Family Youth and Community Sciences, January 2010.


We discuss the solution of large‐scale box‐constrained linear least‐squares problems by two recent affine‐scaling methods: a cyclic Barzilai–Borwein strategy and an Inexact Newton‐like method where a preconditioning technique allows for an efficient computation of the steps. A robust globally and fast locally convergent method based on the combination of the two procedures is presented along with extensive numerical results. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


. A chain from a point z of the open unit disk A to the boundary of A is a set T= U \y \n = 0, 1, 2, • • • \ where the y are compact, connected subsets of A, zq is in y0, yn meets yn j and the yn approach the boundary of A. The following "Access Theorem" is proved: If u is subharmonic in A, Zq is a point of A and M <u(zq), then there is a chain from Zq to the boundary of A on which u> M and on which u tends to a limit. A refinement, in which the chain is a polygonal arc, is established, and an example is constructed to show that the theorem fails if M = u(zg) even for bounded, continuous subharmonic functions.


This article discusses the design for the electrotechnics test base management system under the PB environment,explains some main points in programming and details relevant solutions.


During August 2006, the NASA African Multidisciplinary Analyses Mission (NAMMA) field experiment was conducted to characterize the structure of African Easterly Waves and their evolution into tropical storms. Mineral dust aerosols affect tropical storm development, although their exact role remains to be understood. To better understand the role of dust on tropical cyclogenesis, we have implemented a dust source, transport, and optical model in the NASA Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) atmospheric general circulation model and data assimilation system. Our dust source scheme is more physically based scheme than previous incarnations of the model, and we introduce improved dust optical and microphysical processes through inclusion of a detailed microphysical scheme. Here we use A-Train observations from MODIS, OMI, and CALIPSO with NAMMA DC-8 flight data to evaluate the simulated dust distributions and microphysical properties. Our goal is to synthesize the multi-spectral observations from the A-Train sensors to arrive at a consistent set of optical properties for the dust aerosols suitable for direct forcing calculations.


Citation: Malikov A (2022) PMMA Cranioplasty Making by Using Open Source CAD Softwares, PLA Printers and Silicone Rubber Molds: Technical Note with 2 Illustrative Cases. Neurosurg Cases Rev 5:093. doi.org/10.23937/2643-4474/1710093 Accepted: January 12, 2022; Published: January 14, 2022 Copyright: © 2022 Malikov A. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Open Access Neurosurgery Cases and Reviews


The article examines the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on digitalization in Russian retail industry. The purpose of the study is to analyze the main directions of that influence and its consequences for strategy and management systems of retail organizations. The author uses his own evolutionary scale developed on the basis of literature review to study the process of digitalization in ten largest food retailers in Russia. As a result, the author identifies the factors of COVID-19 influence on retail industry digitalization and the main digital transformation approaches of Russian retailers and gives recommendations on digitalization management in the new normality era. Those results constitute the novelty of the study. The author concludes that today digital transformation is not only a necessary need for retailers, but also a way to achieve a long-term competitive advantage, however, for a successful digitalization the company has to create and develop proper competencies, innovation and infrastructure capabilities, strategic and operational management system and organizational culture.


With the development of technology,IC was driven in direction to integration,miniaturization,multi-pins and high performance.BGA package form had been widely used in IC process.Therefore,BGA package form had been gotten more and more attention.According to the short circuit,virtual welding,void,splash tin and other phenomena which appear in the reflow of BGA packages was discussed and analyzed in this paper.A total solved scheme to improve to reliability of BGA solder was proposed from the pad design,device protection,solder choice and reflow temperature curve.


or three years he had had two cases very similar, and it was necessary to make a very extensive dissection in order to remove the tumour completely. It was like a bag of fluid, and, as Mr. Harmer suggested, was probably related to a hygroma. Recently a paper by Mr. Morton had appeared in the Bristol Medico-Chirurgical Journal' on cysts in the neck, which was presented rather higher up under the angle of the jaw. The suggested origin was a branchial cleft, and the speaker had experience of one or two such cases.


The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a flat panel display capable of TFT TFT scan region and for producing a pixel region of high reliability, comprising the steps of: forming an amorphous silicon film on the substrate region and the pixel regions includes driving, by a laser beam irradiation from the amorphous silicon film is formed in the drive the dehydrogenation zone, while not illuminating the pixel region formed in the amorphous silicon thin film, and further irradiating a laser beam, crystallization of amorphous silicon thin film is formed in the drive region, thereby the amorphous silicon film into a polysilicon film.


Body sizes, beef performance index(BPI), beef traits and reproduction traits and performance of crossbred progeny and beef quality of South Devon were analyzed, which has great significance on breed preservation, reproduction and utilization of South Devon.


The 63d annual commencement exercises of the Medical College of Virginia, were held at the Academy of Music, Richmond, Thursday evening, May 10, 1900. Dr, Christopher Tompkins, dean of the medical faculty, presided and conferred degrees upon 47 graduates. Of this number 40 received the degree of doctor of medicine, five, that of doctor of dental surgery, and two were graduates in pharmacy. Dr. Charles A. L. Reed, of Cincinnati, O., delivered the address to the graduates. At the conclusion of the graduating exercises a banquet was given at the Jefferson Hotel, at which were assembled the graduating class, the board of visitors, the faculty, the alumni, and a number of invited guests. The dinner was served in the style that has made the Jefferson famous. The toast-card was somewhat lengthy, but this was not true of any of the responses. Dr. J. B. McCaw acted as toastmaster for a portion of the time, and then called Dr. George Ben Johnston to the chair. The following were the toasts and speakers: Hon. Beverley T. Crump, "The Board of Visitors;" Dr. Robert F. Williams, "The Faculty;" Dr. D. J. Coleman, "The Alumni;" Dr. John E. Harris, "Graduating Class;" Hon. A. J. Montague, "The Doctor and the State;" Dr. Lewis S. McMurtry, Louisville, Ky., "Medical Education in the South; " Dr. William Warren Potter, Buffalo, N. Y., "The Surgeon in War." At the conclusion of the responses to toasts Captain Frank Cunningham was introduced and sang the "Blue and the Gray" in a clear baritone voice, which proved a most appropriate conclusion to a delightful evening.


Energy harvesting generators deliver nondeterministic power density over a range of explicit environmental conditions. To mitigate the variability of power provided by the harvesters, this paper presents a novel energy-proportional design approach, in which the computational circuit is driven by input power so that its switching activity is a function of this power. Such an approach realizes an autonomous power gating, as the circuit starts to compute only when input power has arrived. We present a voltage sensor to exemplify the energy-proportional design principle, and such a sensor can be readily adopted in energy harvesting systems for on-chip dynamic power management. This sensor is driven by the charge from a capacitor that samples the measured input voltage to subsequently power up the asynchronous counter, which performs charge-to-digital conversion. We also present an analytical model that characterizes energy-proportional properties of the proposed voltage sensor. SPICE simulation results show that the proposed sensor design outperforms conventional voltage sensor circuits in terms of robustness and energy efficiency.


The robustness of Matsui's method for PMSM mechanical sensorless control (see IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol.43, no.2, p.300-308, 1996) is studied in this paper. The parameter errors are considered as the principal source of uncertainties. Specially for the case of stator resistance uncertainty, a necessary condition is given to ensure low speed operation. Simulation and experimental results illustrate the validity of the analytical study.


There is substantial overlap between categorization research in psychology and classification research in machine learning and statistics. I will first discuss the relationship between these two areas and present a framework that illuminates the contexts in which the aims of these two fields become functionally equivalent. I will then present work from both areas that illustrates some ways in which the fields can learn from one another. First, I will present research on document classification using a "multilabel" representational system, in which each document is assigned to one or more non-disjoint classes. I will then present research in which similar representations are applied to model hierarchical categories from the animal domain in humans.


Financial literacy is widely recognized as an important life skill that needs to be taught and practiced from an early age. This has led to the development of programs that combine financial education with social, citizenship, and character education to teach children how to make responsible, ethical, and compassionate decisions. Education about financial concepts and money management skills can equip them to face new financial challenges and adapt effectively to shifting personal and economic circumstances. Evidence suggests that financial and consumer behaviors and decisions often have consequences for individuals and the global community that surround them. This article discusses how a well-planned program of learning activities and experiences at the preschool level can help build a strong foundation of financial literacy skills and knowledge and how such awareness might affect the social and environmental well-being of communities.


In order to study the shear strength of I-shaped steel plate girder with sinusoidally corrugated webs,by adopting the nonlinear finite element software ABAQUS and performing both linear-elastic eigenvalue buckling analysis and elastic-plastic shear buckling analysis(taking the effect of web initial imperfections into account),the shear strength of a typical steel plate girder with sinusoidally corrugated webs is compared to that of trapezoidal corrugation,and the key parameters which affect the shear strength of steel plate girder with sinusoidally corrugated webs are also identified and studied.The numerical analysis result shows that(1) the shear capacity of sinusoidal corrugation is lower than that of trapezoidal corrugation if both wave length and amplitude are kept the same,which should be paid attention to in design;(2) when the wave length is decreased to keep the same material quantity,the shear capacity of sinusoidal corrugation can reach that of trapezoidal corrugation;(3) the shear buckling critical stress of steel plate girder with sinusoidally corrugated webs increase significantly when the web thickness increases or wave length decreases,while neither web height nor wave amplitude significantly changes the effect of initial imperfection on the shear buckling critical stress of I-girder with sinusoidally corrugated webs.


It has been known that more than 5% of cancer patients experience severe pain refractory to medical treatments. So it is necessary to use epidural or intrathecal analgesia with opioids and local anesthetics when systemic trial has failed. Although intrathecal catheter placement and drug infusion has some risks, it shows better pain control with least amount of analgesics. The authors managed a patient who had suffered from intractable cancer pain due to metastatic pancreatic cancer. His pain was spreading to his upper body area including chest wall and inter scapular region as well as original abdomen and back pain. Pain severity became extreme reaching VAS (visual analogue scale) score to above 9. Cervical epidural catheterization and continuous drug infusion was not effective in this case. So the authors chose to give analgesics intrathecally, and placed the intrathecal catheter on 5th cervical vertebral level and connected it to subcutaneous port so that drugs could be infused continuously. The effect was dramatic by 5 mg/day morphine and 20 mg/day lidocaine, VAS score decreased to below 3 without any possible complications. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2008; 55: 135~8)


Based on the prior system,a new detecting system is developed.Applying skills such as optics,machines,circuit and software,the system can test the parameters of the optical module precisely,rapidly and automatically.According to the transmitting module a spectrometer,an optical power meter and CCD are used to measure the central wavelength,impulse peak power and divergence angle.For the receiving module,noise,response time,field angle and response sensitivity are tested by the digital oscilloscope combined with the double optical path system.The whole automatic measurement process is under the control of the computer with the help of the stepping motor.The repeatability of the data is satisfactory with high precision.


Carvedilol reduces rates of variceal bleeding and rebleeding by lowering portal pressure. However, an associated pleiotropic survival benefit has been proposed. We aimed to assess long‐term survival in a cohort of patients previously randomised to receive either carvedilol or endoscopic band ligation (EBL) following oesophageal variceal bleeding (OVB).