Videodermoscopy is a valuable tool for the diagnosis of cicatricial alopecias such as lichen planopilaris. Lichen planopilaris activity index is used for evaluating lichen planopilaris severity. Our aim was to examine the utility of videodermoscopy in the assessment of lichen planopilaris severity.


We present intermediate-resolution optical spectropolarimetry of the radio-loud quasar 4C 74.26. Large variations in both the degree and position angle of polarization are observed across the broad H α line. After continuum subtraction, we find that in polarized flux this feature is redshifted by ≈ 2000 km s-1 relative to its median wavelength in total flux. We show that the H α polarization can be explained by scattering in a high-speed outflow which, if it is directed along the axis of the radio jet, must have a velocity ≥ 5000 km s-1 in order to account for the observed redshift. The polarization position angle is not precisely orthogonal to that of the radio source, suggesting that the scattering outflow is either inhomogeneous, or somewhat misaligned with the jet axis.


The localized induction hierarchy in three-dimensional sp ace forms is studied. In particular, we determine all the generating curves of congr uence solutions to each evolution equation belonging to the localized induction hi erarchy. Here, a congruence solution means a solution moving without changing shap e. Also, we give the characterization of some low-order soliton curves.


A method (20) for filtering (27) data by an electronic interface (18), comprising the steps of: Assigning a label (41) to at least one data type, to form a look-up table (17); Storing the look-up table (17) in a content addressable memory (CAM); Imaging the label (41) on at least one data identifier; Receiving the data (27) having a Zelldatenidentifizierer (38) of the electronic interface (18); Access to the CAM, to test for a match between the Zelldatenidentifizierer (38) and the at least one data identifier; Assigning the label (41) to data (27) when the Zelldatenidentifizierer (38) with the at least matches a data identifier; and Filtering the data (27) based on the label (41).


There are two kinds of overall victory in The Art of War.One is political overall victory,that is,the "overall" victory of subduing the enemy without fighting in Attack by Stratagem;the other is military overall victory,that is,the "overall" victory of saving oneself and destroying the enemy in Military Disposition.They are dialectically unified and bring out the best in each other.The theoretical origin and history of the former totally comes from The Book of Changes.The nature of "overall" victory is benevolent victory,which derives from the Tang Wu revolutionary thinking in The Book of Changes.The Battle of Muye is the example of subduing the enemy without fighting.Human nature is the concept of "overall" victory,which derives from the heavenly virtue and benevolence thinking in The Book of Changes."Maintaining harmony and overall harmony" is the cornerstone of human nature for "overall" victory.Conciliation is the strategy of "overall" victory,which derives from the moral and righteous army thinking in The Book of Changes.Only the righteous army can maintain the conciliation effect.Peace is the aim of "overall" victory,which derives from the harmonious unity thinking in The Book of Changes.Only the permanent moralization can lead to the harmonious and unified peace.The value of "overall" thinking is to reduce or avoid war.


Length-weight relationship and relative condition factor of T. ilisha was conducted for one year (2014-15) at Narmada estuary, Gujarat, India. Fish samples were collected from Bharuch, Bhadbhut, Mehgam and Ambetha landing sites covering 72 km of estuarine stretch. Two distinct fishing seasons were observed at Narmada estuary, viz. , June-October and January-March, though the bulk of the harvest comes from monsoon season. A total of 312 fish samples were collected, 270 during monsoon and 42 during the winter season. The mean length and weight were recorded 35.37±11.36 cm and 625.83±39.81 g during monsoon and 36.84±3.82 cm and 537.44 ± 17.45 g during the winter season. The 'b' value was found to be 3.07 and 2.76 and relative condition factor was 1.02 and 1.01 during monsoon and winter seasons, respectively.


The purpose of this work is to design simulation tools for magnetised plasmas
in the ITER project framework. The specific issue we consider is the simulation of turbulent transport in the core of a Tokamak plasma, for which a 5D gyrokinetic model is generally used, where the fast gyromotion of the particles in the strong magnetic field is averaged in order to remove the associated fast time-scale and to reduce the dimension of 6D phase space involved in the full Vlasov model. Very accurate schemes and efficient parallel algorithms are required to cope with these still very costly simulations. The presence of a strong magnetic field constrains the time scales of the particle motion along and accross the magnetic field line, the latter being at least an order of magnitude slower. This also has an impact on the spatial variations of the observables. Therefore, the efficiency of the algorithm can be improved considerably by aligning the mesh with the magnetic field lines. For this reason, we study the behavior of semi-Lagrangian solvers in curvilinear coordinates. Before tackling the full gyrokinetic model in a future work, we consider here the reduced 2D Guiding-Center model. We introduce our numerical algorithm and provide some numerical results showing its good properties.


Hoa B. Nguyen is a senior economist of housing analysis and research at Freddie Mac. She specializes in housing market analysis, housing program evaluation, and fair lending issues. Her current research focuses on loan modifications, prepurchase homeownership counseling, and underwriting models. Previously, Nguyen worked for the World Bank as an economist in the Development Research Group. She is the coauthor of many books and publications and has been the recipient of numerous academic scholarships and awards. Nguyen received a PhD in economics from Michigan State University.


The practical use of recycled concrete aggregate produced by crushing concrete waste reduces the consumption of natural aggregate and the amount of concrete waste that ends up in landfills. This study investigated two methods used in the production of fine recycled concrete aggregate: (1) a method that produces fine as well as coarse aggregate, and (2) a method that produces only fine aggregate. Mortar specimens were tested using a variety of mix proportions to determine how the characteristics of fine recycled concrete aggregate affect the physical and mechanical properties of the resulting mortars. Our results demonstrate the superiority of mortar produced using aggregate produced using the second of the two methods. Nonetheless, far more energy is required to render concrete into fine aggregate than is required to produce coarse as well as fine aggregate simultaneously. Thus, the performance benefits of using only fine recycled concrete aggregate must be balanced against the increased impact on the environment.


Abstract In this paper, we introduce a regime switching panel data model with interactive fixed effects. We propose a maximum likelihood estimation method and develop an expectation and conditional maximization algorithm to estimate the unknown parameters. Simulation results show that the algorithm works well in finite samples. The biases of the maximum likelihood estimates are negligible and the root mean squared errors of the maximum likelihood estimates decrease with the increase of either the number of the cross-sectional units N or the size of the time periods T .


The incidence and significance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has not been previously evaluated in detail. We recently experienced a case of NASH with multicentric HCC in a female patient. At the age of 58 years, the patient was diagnosed with non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus, treated by insulin therapy. The patient did not drink alcohol. She was negative for all serological markers of hepatitis B and C virus infection. Because of liver dysfunction, a needle biopsy was performed at the age of 62 years, and pathological findings, such as fatty change, Mallory's body, nuclear glycogen and pericellular fibrosis, suggested a diagnosis of NASH. Subsequently, four nodules were detected in the liver by imaging. Liver biopsies were performed from each nodule. One nodule was pathologically diagnosed as a pseudolymphoma, while three other nodules were moderately differentiated HCC (10 years after the diagnosis of non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis), well‐differentiated HCC (11 years later) and dysplastic nodule (11 years later), suggesting multicentric occurrence of HCC. This case suggests that HCC could be a late complication of NASH.


ABSTRACT Background Globally 71% of deaths are attributed to non-communicable diseases (NCD). The workplace is an opportune setting for health promotion programs and interventions that aim to prevent NCDs. However, much of the current evidence is from high-income countries. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in NCD risk factors, associated with the Healthy Choices at Work programme (HCWP), at a commercial power plant in South Africa. Methods This was a before-and-after study in a randomly selected sample of 156 employees at baseline and 137 employees at 2-years. The HCWP focused on food services, physical activity, health and wellness services and managerial support. Participants completed questionnaires on tobacco smoking, harmful alcohol use, fruit and vegetable intake, physical activity, psychosocial stress and history of NCDs. Clinical measures included blood pressure, total cholesterol, random blood glucose, body mass index, waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio. The 10-year cardiovascular risk was calculated using a validated algorithm. Sample size calculations evaluated the power of the sample to detect meaningful changes in risk factors Results Paired data was obtained for 137 employees, the mean age was 42.7 years (SD 9.7) and 64% were male. The prevalence of sufficient fruit and vegetable intake increased from 27% to 64% (p < 0.001), those meeting physical activity guidelines increased from 44% to 65% (p < 0.001). Harmful alcohol use decreased from 21% to 5% (p = 0.001). There were clinical and statistically significant improvements in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (mean difference −10.2 mmHg (95%CI: −7.3 to −13.2); and −3.9 mmHg (95%CI: −1.8 to −5.8); p < 0.001) and total cholesterol (mean difference −0.45 mmol/l (−0.3 to −0.6)). There were no significant improvements in BMI. Psychosocial stress from relationships with colleagues, personal finances, and personal health improved significantly. The cardiovascular risk score decreased by 4.5% (> 0.05). Conclusion The HCWP was associated with clinically significant reductions in behavioural, metabolic and psychosocial risk factors for NCDs.


e Idwee) QThE5 Fig. 3. The polarization angle depen- dent spectral width of the CRSSS is shown for the results of (a) three different optical pump powers and (b) the simulation results for 17 mW. The inset is the parameters used for the simulation. Symmetric and resonant two-colour pumping of Raman media maximise the parametric gain, E Re(P(Z')jdZ', and hence lead to the maximum number of higher order lines generated.',' Inves- tigations have accounted for transient and trans- verse effects, along with nonlinear competing ef- feas and the use of both H, and air as Raman media. More recently, model equations have been re-derived and expressed in terms of the mdecu- lar coherence pab (proportional to medium po- larisation P) and phased and anti-phased states.' Adaptingthe notation ofthis latter approach,one concludes that maximum coherence requires maximum I B I /(Am - IIZ(D - A)); symmetric pumping is precisely the requirement to obtain the highest value of 1 B 1, while resonant pump- ing is, by definition, minimising the denominator of this expression. It should be stressed that the authors o? also employed a Bessel function solu- tion, from the classic work of Eimerl et al," to construct sub-femtosecond pulses from the su- perposition of Raman lines. In this presentation, we shall report two new contributions to this research field. Firstly, we have derived a new analytical solution that con- stitutes an explicit and lucid representation in terms ofinitial parameters and net detuningfrom resonance. Secondly, we shall present results from the first theoretical investigations of ultra-broad- band Raman effects in cavities; dramatic modifi- cations to the efficiency and character of the process are predicted. In systems with IOW normalised dispersian,we will show that the evolution of medium P, as a function of normalised propagation distance U (proportional to 21, is given by:


Some of the major problems that our world is facing is terrorism, emergency evacuation operations and rising revolts. The human intervention in some cases may be hazardous to humans. The development of remote controlled unmanned ground vehicle assists humans in active combat and can collect the data from areas where human intervention is not possible. Our UGV system has two parts one is the controlling unit of the UGV which tracks, monitors, controls and records the data from the UGV. The other part is the moving part which has various sensors and circuits that record and transmit the surrounding environmental changes to the control unit. Keywords— UGV-Unmanned Ground Vehicle;


Dressler (1978) derived the St Venant long wave equations for two-dimensional irrotational flow over curved boundaries using orthogonal curvilinear coordinates based on the channel bottom. These equations are considerably more complicated than those in the cartesian system, but they do contain contributions to the pressure and the governing equations from the curvature of the bed, which does not occur in the cartesian formulation at the same level of approximation. Similarly, Chapman and Dressler (1984) obtained the shallow water equations for unsteady shallow groundwater flow with a free surface over a curved impermeable boundary. In both these cases, the flow was assumed to be irrotational, which is well-known to be justified in the case of seepage flow and for wave motion on otherwise quiescent fluid, but not so justified in the case of fast hydraulic flows such as over spillways.


This study evaluated the diversity, distribution and abundance of grasshoppers and locusts in three ecological zones of Nakuru County, Kenya. A total of 456 individuals belonging to Acrididae family (93.4% with 16 species) and Pyrgomorphidae family (6.6% with 2 species) were recorded. Ailopus thalassinus was the most abundant (27.4%) and distributed species. There were 5 dominant and 3 rare species (in zone II only). Abundance was highest in zone II (47%) and lowest in zone IV (24.3%) but was not significantly different (p> 0.05) among the zones. Species diversity and abundance were highly correlated (r = 0.99, d.f. = 2, p<0.05). Zone II and III, and Zone II and IV had highest species similarity (Jaccard and Sørensens similarity indices), while zone III and IV had the lowest. Zone II had the highest diversity (2.45), while zone III and IV had the lowest (1.37 and 1.30, respectively) at t=0.04 (Shannon-Wiener indices). Species were distributed more equitably (evenness) in zone II than the rest (Renyi diversity). Different areas in zone II had higher diversity (Shannon-Wiener), than those in zone III and IV at t=0.0012 and t=0.0003. Therefore, ecological zones affect species abundance and diversity and their conservation is threatened, thus forestry to improve biodiversity conservation should be encouraged.


ABSTRACT Work-related mental distress and its impact on employees' working life is a mounting issue among Finnish social workers. This article focuses on identifying the factors associated with child welfare social workers' occupational well-being. The occupational well-being of Finnish child welfare social workers (N = 364) and social workers whose duties do not include child protection work (N = 524) was explored and compared with each other using t-test statistics and logistic regression analysis. The data, collected in 2014/2015, were obtained from an ongoing longitudinal cohort study on work-related well-being among Finnish public sector employees. A multi-dimensional and holistic approach to occupational well-being was used as the outline for the analysis and comparison of the two groups. Child protection social workers reported higher levels of burnout and secondary traumatic stress than social workers without child protection duties. Despite these burdens, both groups showed a similar level of general health, compassion satisfaction and overall occupational well-being. Individual and organizational factors associated with high occupational well-being were identified. Supervision was found to be an important supporting element. This study identified multiple determinants related to social workers' occupational well-being, comprising positive and negative elements with regard to organizational and individual factors.


During tests of palladium-rhenium catalysts based on sulfated zirconia in the process of direct synthesis of propylene from ethylene, it was found out that modifying the support with γ-Al2O3 increases significantly the stability of the system. Multi-cycle tests showed that systems with alumina content of 20 and 40 wt. % maintain its activity during a few tens of hours at the level of 50-80 %. The propylene yield from cycle to cycle remains practically unchanged (28-35 wt. %). According to UV spectroscopy and GLC with MSD, changes in the palladium and rhenium valence state don't occur during the catalysts operation. The catalyst deactivation is caused by the C8+ oligomers deposit on its surface resulting from secondary processes of butenes oligomerization on the catalyst acid sites and C6+ hydrocarbons metathesis.


For the detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), multiple and ultra-rapid real-time PCR methods were developed. The target DNA sequences were deduced from HIV-1 specific 495bp partial env gene (gi_1184090) and from HIV-2 specific 294 bp partial env gene (gi_1332355), and were synthesized by using PCR-based gene synthesis on the reason of safety. Ultra-rapid real-time PCR was performed by using microchip-based, of reaction volume with extremely short time in each 3 step in PCR. The detection including DNA-amplification and melting temperature analysis was completed inner 15 minutes. The HIV-1 specific 117 bp-long and HIV-2 specific 119 bp-long PCR products were successfully amplified from minimum of template,2.3 molecules of each env gene. This kind of real-time PCR was designated as ultra-rapid real-time PCR in this study and it could be applied not only an alternative detection method against HIV, but also other pathogens using PCR-based detection.


Wben a d.e aq1plif~er with capaciti~~ feedba,ck is used as an integ'1:'&tor fr.om a voltage souf'ce. certain errors a.l'e introduced that are not ·present when a c;:ul'i:'ent source 8uchasan ionization chamber is used. The ne~esBary conditions for this kind of operation and the errors produced are discussed. These errQrs at:e produced because a return pa.th . to ground is provided by the source ..


IN selecting the subject of my paper, I have felt that though the members of this Society are interested primarily in what X-rays will do, you will naturally be interested also in what those of us who are working in physics laboratories are finding regarding the nature of these rays. Our experiments on the diffraction of X-rays by crystals, their refraction, etc., have convinced us that X-rays are the same kind of thing as light. We call it electromagnetic radiation. But what is this radiation? Newton thought that light from a candle consisted of a continuous stream of tiny particles, or "corpuscles." For the last hundred years we have been taught rather that light is a wave-motion of some kind propagated through space, and we have thought that experiments have proved this theory. But within the last twenty-five years corpuscles, now under the name of "quanta," have again been called upon, this time to explain experiments which the usual wave theory has been unable to interpret. We have been surprised to ...


I n a series of investigations from this laboratory(l), the mitotic proliferation of the thyroid gland in guinea pig and rat, as well as certain structural, metabolic and functional changes in this gland, was used as an indicator of the influence of various substances and experimental procedures on the activity of this organ. We found that in young adult male guinea pigs weighing approximately between 190 and 400 gm., the average number of mitoses found in both lobes was about 150. Subsequently it was found that the average number of mitoses in both lobes of the thyroid gland of the rat is on the average approximately fourteen mitoses. I n the guinea pig these figures are based on counts in a considerable number of individual animals, while in the rat it is based on the counts in nine rats varying in weight between 95 and 270 gm. It is possible that the counting of mitoses in a still larger number of rats might modify these figures, but we believe that essentially the latter are correct. While it was sufficient for our original purposes to determine the number of mitoses in the whole gland, irrespective of the number of cells of which the gland consisted, a determination of the ratio between number of mitoses and the number of cells in which they occur should be a more accurate way of determining the proliferative activity of this organ. I t was the more desirable to obtain these additional data, since in former investigations


This paper presents some initial findings from a multi-year partnership project on the integration of technology into the Kenyan education system. Specifically, qualitative evidence is presented on how results and lessons learned from the partnership project can be generalized and used by other research teams and projects using other technology platforms. Grounded in the critical theory of educational technology and using methodological strategies on the intersections of critical discourse analysis and critical ethnography, this paper examines technology integration in Kenyan public schools using the Learning Toolkit+ developed at the Centre for the Study of Learning and Performance at Concordia University in Montreal, Canada.


To the Editor.— In a recent article on low-friction arthroplasty ( 218 :705-710, 1971), Eftekhar reported that he has "encountered no operative death in the 24 hours after surgery" and, that the use of the methyl methacrylate monomer "does not require any precautionary measure during anesthesia." We are aware of 12 cases of intraoperative cardiac arrest, six of them leading to death, after placement of the self-curing bone cement into patients. 1-8 The cause of death is not clear, but autopsies have shown fat 3-8 and air 4 emboli in the lungs. The embolization of fat seems likely to be related to the high pressures created in the medullary canal by forcing cement into the femur and the high temperature developed while it hardens, particularly if no vent is provided for the blood, marrow, and air to escape. The frequently observed fall in blood pressure, 9,10 sometimes of large magnitude, may


In this article, a pseudospectral approach based on radial basis functions is considered for the solution of the standard Fitzhugh-Nagumo equation. The proposed radial basis function pseudospectral approach is truly mesh free. The standard Fitzhugh-Nagumo equation is approximated into ordinary differential equations with the help of radial kernels. An ODE solver is applied to solve the resultant ODEs. Shape parameter which decides the shape of the radial basis function plays a significant role in the solution. A cross-validation technique which is the extension of the statistical approach leaveone-out-cross-validation is used to find the shape parameter value. The presented method is demonstrated with the help of numerical results which shows a good understanding with the exact solution. The stability of the proposed method is demonstrated with the help of the eigenvalues method numerically. KeywordsFN equation, Radial basis function, Meshless.


Abstract:  A rich, diverse Permian ostracod fauna has been recovered from the red and grey, laminated shales and quartz‐rich shales of the Triassic Lercara Formation. Forty‐seven species have been identified, 13 of which are newly described here; they belong to 26 genera of which three are new: Anahuacia lercaraensis sp. nov., Aurigerites siciliaensis sp. nov., Bairdia portellaensis sp. nov., Cristanaria? katyae sp. nov., Fabalicypris gruendeli sp. nov., Lethiersa salomonensis gen. et sp. nov., Lethiersia sinusoventralis gen. et sp. nov., Portella trapezoida gen. et sp. nov., Siciliella elongata gen. et sp. nov., Siciliella infernespinosa gen. et sp. nov., Siciliella prima gen. et sp. nov., Siciliella quadrata gen. et sp. nov., and Siciliella spinorobusta gen. et sp. nov. The assemblages contain or are composed of palaeopsychrospheric forms, which are regarded as index fossils for deep environments. The bathymetry of the different associations in life is evaluated.


Today's bridges are being constructed with longer spans and higher girder spacing. As a result, the use of precast prestressed concrete modified bulb tee (MBT) girders has significantly increased. The MBT girders have a wider and thinner top flange than other conventional precast concrete cross-sections. The strength of the thin top flange has been identified as a concern for the North Carolina Department of Transportation when edge of flange falsework hangers are used to support the overhang deck slab falsework system. In response to theses concerns, the NCDOT has funded research project number 2005-18 "Full Scale Testing of Overhang Falsework Hangers on NCDOT Modified Bulb Tee (MBT) Girders" to study the behavior of the edge of flange falsework hanger systems. This research includes full scale testing of standard falsework hangers manufactured by Dayton/Richmond and Meadow/Burke installed on an NCDOT MBT girder and an analytical investigation that utilized three dimensional finite element modeling. The effects of the girder shear reinforcement, interaction with adjacent loaded hangers, and the type of hanger were included in the experimental and analytical investigations. The finite element modeling was used to predict the response of the falsework hanger system. It was concluded that the shear reinforcement, number of loaded hanger and the type of hanger affect the ultimate strength and behavior of hanger system. The observed ultimate strength of the Dayton/Richmond hangers was higher than the observed ultimate strength of the Meadow/Burke hangers. However, in all cases the observed ultimate loads were less than the manufacturer's specified ultimate strength. It was recommended that the safe working load of the Dayton/Richmond and Meadow/Burke falsework hanger embedded on the NCDOT modified bulb tee (MBT) girder be reduced, and that the use of different type of overhang hanger system such as through flange hanger appears to be necessary to support a 6,000 lb. safe working load (12,000 lb. ultimate).


The 16th national congress of the CPC plays an important role in instructing and pushing the studies forward of the CPC. This article argues its effects on the developing of the science of the history of the CPC from three aspects: informally writing down the Important Thought of "Three Representings"on the CPC's flag; advancing the ideology of "constructing the well-off society completely"; promoting "advancing with the times" as the ideological line of the CPC. The study will be instructive to develop the science of the history of the CPC itself.


Lorraine Hicking-Woodison, Assistant Practitioner (AP), Hawkinge and Elham Valley Practice, Folkestone, Kent; and Health Care Support Worker Adviser, Practice Nurse Adviser Team, NHS South East Commissioning Support Unit (SECSU).


This paper examines why postgraduate students in the UK decide to take up a further degree, the factors influencing their choice of programme and institution and the sources of information consulted. The study is based on a literature review, other sources of information and primary research with students at one institution. Based on responses from 102 current students the analysis reveals that improvement of career prospects was the prime motivator for studying a postgraduate qualification, allied to a desire to gain or update skills to become more employable. Students also chose to study for their own personal satisfaction. For the university in question, accreditation of some programmes was a deciding factor influencing their choice of institution. The reputation of the university and its location were also important. Various sources of information were referred to but the use of faculty and tutors as 'salespeople' had significant impact. Managerial implications for universities and directions for further research complete the paper. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications


Despite the technological advancement of modern hearing aids (HA), many users abandon their devices due to lack of personalization. This is caused by the limited hearing health care resources resulting in users getting only a default 'one size fits all' setting. However, the emergence of smartphoneconnected HA enables the devices to learn behavioral patterns inferred from user interactions and corresponding soundscape. Such data could enable adaptation of settings to individual user needs dependent on the acoustic environments. In our pilot study, we look into how two test subjects adjust their HA settings, and identify main behavioral patterns that help to explain their needs and preferences in different auditory conditions. Subsequently, we sketch out possibilities and challenges of learning contextual preferences of HA users. Finally, we consider how to encompass these aspects in the design of intelligent interfaces enabling smartphone-connected HA to continuously adapt their settings to context-dependent user needs. ACM Classification


Abstract : Historical data relating to the cost and physical and performance characteristics of equipment comparable to the FLEETSATCOM system elements have been collected and analyzed. CER's that relate the cost to performance or physical parameters have been derived for the FLEETSATCOM system elements. Estimates of the cost uncertainty associated with each of the FLEETSATCOM system elements have been incorporated into a computer program with the resultant output a probability distribution of the costs of the total FLEETSATCOM system. Finally, throughout the report the CER's have been validated by applying them to the technical and physical parameters and for the planned quantities, as of September 1973, of the FLEETSATCOM system elements. (Author)


This paper aimed at comparing attractive and unattractive Facebook posts among Mogadishu Facebook users. The political climate in Mogadishu motivated us to adopt an online computer-based monitoring of various posts posted by each of the three institutions that participated. In-depth interviews were administered to few accessible participants at Jamhuriya University who were knowledgeable about these companies' Facebook engagements. Desk review was adopted in order to obtain scholarly materials on social media posts and particularly Facebook. Key findings in this study indicate that video posts receive more comments and likes than other posts like photos for reasons valued by the respective customers. Facebook fans, mostly young people such as students and youth tend to enjoy action related posts than photos. Findings further reveal that Facebook interaction is at the peak during midyear for three months of June, July and August. This is attributed to the fact that this is usually summer time, the time when most Somalis in the diaspora come home for vacation perhaps largely attracted to various events taking place in the country. Findings also indicate that social media addicts in Mogadishu start commenting on Facebook as early as 4am in the morning, some of these are Facebook fans who find it hard to sleep again after 4am prayers. The study concludes that the use of social media especially Facebook is subtly gaining prominence and remains the most viable avenue for Somalis to interact freely; exchange social, political and economic ideas; and get updates on what is happening around the world and within in their societies.


Sink mobility has been proposed in order to enhance network performance and prolong network lifetime.Sink mobility is very practical and has become a key issue of research gradually.In this paper,some important schemes of sink mobility have been introduced and compared.Finally,we present future research trends.


The morphology of a lava flow is strongly influenced by its rheological structure. The rheological structure is, in turn, dependent on numerous factors including: (1) bulk composition, (2) crystallingity, (3) vesicularity, and (4) crustal development. Identifying which of the latter factors are most significant, and hence most readily investigated by remote-sensing techniques, is necessary to clarify short-term objectives and expectations from the study of Martian lava flows. Insights into the rheological controls on flow morphology are provided by variations in thickness of undrained lava streams on Etna and Vesuvius, Southern Italy. Both pahoehoe and aa lavas were studied.


The effects of polymyxin B (PXB) on action potential of the mice right ventricular myocardial cell were studied by means of intracellular capillary glass electrode. The action potential amplitude (APA) and maximal depolarization rate of phase O (V_(max)) of action potential were lowered after administering PXB for 5 min. APA was lowered from 104.0±4.2 mV to 100.7±5.1mV, decreasing 3.2% (P0.01); V_(max) was lowered from 691.5±114.1 v/s to 515.15±71.5 v/s, decreasing 25.5% (P0.001). Practically, the resting potential remained unchanged. With the continued administration of PXB, the functional refractory period was significantly prolonged. APA_(90) was temporarily shortened and then prolonged. The results suggest that PXB inactivate or block the fast sodium channel in myocardial cell membrane, which may relate to the antiarrhythmic effect in animal experiment.


We describe convex quadric surfaces in n dimensions and characterize them as convex surfaces with quadric sections by a continuous family of hyperplanes.


PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the state of the art for the reliability evaluation of reinforced concrete beams in a fire situation. Special emphasis is placed on addressing which parameters were considered probabilistically or deterministically, the prescribed probabilistic models for the assumed stochastic variables, the treatment of the heat transfer mechanism, the quantification of the structural fire performance and the assumed target reliability levels.Design/methodology/approachResearch papers were identified through a search on the Web of Science, Google Scholar and detailed searches within the journals Journal of Structural Fire Engineering, Fire Technology and Fire Safety Journal, supplemented with references known by the authors.FindingsConsidering the state-of-the-art review, gaps in the literature are identified related to (1) the probabilistic evaluation of shear capacity for standard fires and parametric fires, and bending capacity for parametric fires, (2) the absence of reference fragility curves for immediate design application/code calibration and (3) the specification of target safety levels for reliability-based design.Originality/valueThe lack of research papers gathering studies on the reliability of reinforced concrete beams in fire situation makes it difficult to further develop research in the area. The value of this work lies precisely in the collection of the basic information, making it possible to identify gaps to be addressed in future research and the suggestion of a research framework.


This paper describes the structure composition and characteristic of assembled self-supported warehouse. And its mechanical principle is introduced and compared with both the assembled pallet rack and the building structure. The assembled self-supported warehouse combines the two structure systems effect. The longitudinal horizontal load is transferred to foundation by means of roof truss and multi-pan portal rigid frame and the lateral horizontal load is transferred by means of spine bracing system and semi-rigid frame. Load on roof and goods load are transferred separately from roof truss and beams to columns, then these loads are transferred to foundation.


Since ancient times, medicinal plants have been in use in medicine and daily life.

To develop new antifungal compounds with low toxicity and high efficacy followed by high bioavailability, the constituents of Terminalia chebula were studied.

The chemical constituents of the plant were evaluated for antifungal potential via Molergo Virtual Docker against the enzyme 14α-demethylase.

The study depicted that tannins exhibited very good potential against the enzyme and could be used further for lead development.

The study revealed that the plant possessed various constituents with potential antifungal properties and low toxicity.


This chapter deal primarily with the period following the first world war, and starts with a discussion of the relationship between overall changes in the Mashreq and the Maghreb. It then focuses on a number of crucial common areas. The one is women's rights with regard to legal capacity, inheritance, dress, education and visibility. The other concerns civil legislation and the drawing up of civil codes. Controversies on both issues and attempts at pushing back by the religious institutions are discussed. The relative marginalisation of religious culture, cognitive challenges to religion, and the religious assault on the the cognitive and social goods of modernity, are addressed in detail. The incubation and early deployment of fundamentalism in politics and culture are analysed in relation to objective transformations in place.


The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of halal brand image and celebrity endorser on Wardah cosmetic purchasing decisions. The data used in this study were obtained through survey with questionnaire. The number of samples used was 263 students of the Faculty of Economics and Business at Hasanuddin University. Structural equation model (SEM) analysis is using with Amos 23 software. Research findings show that celebrity endorser variables have a positive influence on halal brand image and halal brand image variables with celebrity endorser show a positive influence on Wardah cosmetic purchasing decisions. The results also showed that the dominant indicator that influences the halal brand image variable is explicit indicator (supporting Wardah products) and then the dominant indicator of halal brand image variable is the image of Wardah product and of the dominant indicator of the purchasing decision is the selection of Wardah brand.


In Raman spectroscopy it is frequently desirable to reduce the power density of the laser focused on the sample in order to preserve the sample and/or to reduce thermally generated noise in the signal. This is particularly the case with thermally unstable molecules and with samples which strongly absorb the incident radiation. In attempting to obtain resonance or preresonance Raman spectra of biological molecules, one often faces the choice of flowing the sample, a technique useful where large volumes are available; or rotating the sample, when smaller amounts of material are present. As an alternative to spinning or flowing the sample, a recent article in this journal suggested the use of a line focus in backscattering rather than a point focus in order to minimize the problem of local heating. We currently use a line source but have found that for many samples we still must circulate or rotate the sample. Also, with biological preparations consideration of cost often requires the use of small volumes. Presented with this situation in our laboratory, we have designed and manufactured a relatively simple spinning cell with some interesting and useful features.


A first-order corrected test statistic for analyzing frequency data when the data are obtained from a two-stage sampling scheme is presented in this paper. The data are summarized in a cross-classified table in such a way that the cell values are not necessarily a count. Comparisons are made with the Wald statistic, Pearson statistic, other modified Pearson statistics, and a proposed first-order corrected test for comparing vectors of proportion. The proposed test shows that a convenient approximation to the Wald test statistic is to construct a modification of the Pearson tupe statistic based on the pre-adjusted table cell values. Simulated data are used to examine the behavior of the first-order statistic under the two-stage sampling scheme.


We propose to use an in-plane exchange bias field to assist the applied field to obtain precessional switching of the magnetization in a high perpendicular anisotropy media. Our calculation is made in the limit of a nondamped macrospin particle. From the energy conservation, we derive the magnetic trajectories for any applied field magnitude and orientation. Precessional switching is shown to occur only for sufficiently large but not too high applied fields. The writing window associated with this switching field interval enlarges when the exchange bias field increases, as calculated quantitatively in the case of perpendicular recording. The potential application of this concept to magnetic recording is discussed. Compared to conventional media, the switching field distribution will be narrowed because the exchange bias provides a better immunity to texture dispersion. Since exchange bias reduces significantly the reversal field, we can use higher anisotropy materials and enhance the areal density while p...


This is an intuitive description of some of the parametric spline formulations that are most prevalent in computer graphics. The intent is to provide a "high-level". descriptive presentation rather than a detailed, rigorous one. The specific teChniques discussed are piecewise Hermite interpolation. spline interpolation. B6zier curves. Bsplines. Beta-splines. and rational splines. The topics of subdivision and geometric continuity are also explained.


A classical result of Fe erman asserts that the space BMO, the class of functions of bounded mean oscillation, can be identi ed with the dual space of H. This fact was originally obtained in Fe erman, C. (1971) in the analytic setting, and was later extended to the probabilistic context by Getoor, R. K. and Sharpe, M. J. (1972). The purpose of this paper is to provide the best constant in the corresponding martingale inequality. We start with the introduction of the basic notion and notation. Let (Ω,F ,P) be a complete probability space, equipped with a right-continuous ltration (Ft)t≥0 such that F0 contains all the sets of probability zero. Throughout, we assume that any local martingale adapted to this ltration is continuous: for example, it is well-known that the Brownian ltration enjoys this property. Furthermore, for technical reasons, we will assume that the probability space is not too small: there exists a Brownian motion on it. For any adapted martingale X = (Xt)t≥0, we denote the corresponding square bracket by 〈X,X〉: see Dellacherie, C. and Meyer, P. A. (1982) for the de nition. The maximal function of X is given by X∗ = supt≥0 |Xt| and we use the notation X∗ t = sups∈[0,t] |Xs| (where t ≥ 0) for the corresponding truncated version. The Hardy norm of X is given by ‖X‖H1 = EX∗, and the space H is de ned as the class of all martingales whose Hardy norms are nite. The space H is a Banach space, and the aforementioned result of Fe erman, Getoor and Sharpe asserts that its dual is equal to BMO, the de nition of


AbstractBackground: Posyandu is a place for early detection of community-centred growth and development of toddlers. The March 2019 preliminary study resulted in a low coverage of the posyandu (D/S) participation rate in W Village, which was 32%. The purpose of this study was to determine the community's perception of the Posyandu activities for toddlers. Methods: This research is a descriptive qualitative research conducted in W Village. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. The number of informants consisted of 9 people. Data processing is data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. Results: The results showed that the services provided by cadres and health workers were not optimal and there was a lack of infrastructure to support posyandu activities. Conclusion: The community interprets posyandu activities as only weighing and measuring height, which can actually be done by the community without having to play an active role in posyandu activities every month.


These final regulations revise existing regulations governing capitation grants to health professions schools to incorporate amendments made to sections 770-772 of the Public Health Service Act (the PHS Act) by the Health Professions Training Assistance Act of 1985, Pub. L. 99-129, enacted October 22, 1985.


This paper discussed the past works on fraud detection system and highlights their deficiencies. A probabilistic based model was proposed to serve as a basis for mathematical derivation for adaptive threshold algorithm for detecting anomaly transactions. The model was optimized with Baum-Welsh and hybrid posterior-Viterbi algorithms. A credit card transactional data was simulated, trained and predicted for fraud. And finally, the proposed model was evaluated with different metric. The results showed that with the optimization of parameters, posterior-Viterbi cum new detection model performed better than Viterbi cum old detection model.


Summary. Cytochemical and serological properties of the erythroid cells of a patient with a congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia, type III, are analysed. Especially striking was the great spread in DNA content per normoblast nucleus. The red cells of the patient were much more readily agglutinated by anti‐i sera than normal cells. Absorption of anti‐I and anti‐i antibodies by the patient's red cells was increased, and there was increased lysis by these antibodies.


ABSTRACT Archaeological evidence for penned animals is increasingly used to indicate managed livestock. Advances in techniques allowing the identification of dung and urine-derived components in sediments have enabled the expansion of this line of enquiry. Corralling animals into settlements protected them from predators at night and provided more control over their breeding. Deposits associated with livestock management at Neolithic settlements across Southwest Asia sometimes contain bones of perinatal animals. Reviewing the literature, it is evident that these faunal remains are not systematically reported or preserved in all burial environments. However, their distribution may reflect different patterns of livestock integration into human settlements. The presence of perinatal remains at sites where early livestock herding took place has important implications. Not only are they compelling evidence for herd management, particularly if there is also evidence for penning deposits, but also death of livestock during the perinatal phase of life informs us about the health of animals in early herds. This in turn, provides information about the skills needed by early pastoralists as they developed animal management strategies and the possible effect of transmissible diseases as animals were kept together in closer proximity.


The publication of EN ISO 15189 is an important step towards universal acceptance by medical laboratory professionals of the need for accreditation as a means of demonstrating to the public, to governments, regulatory bodies and other interested parties that a laboratory possesses the competence necessary to ensure the high standards of service which patients and clinicians should be able to take for granted.


We consider the following nonlinear elliptic equations with real parameter >..: (A) ~u+f(u,>..)=0, u>0inO; u=O on8O, where O is a smooth bounded domain in Rn (n 2: 2) and f 2: 0 satisfies an inequality: ( c1,c2 > 0, p > 1 constants). We suppose the existence of a family of solutions { (Us, As) }o<s9 of (A) with the following properties: (Us, As) E C (fi) X R is continuous ins,>... is bounded, and max us--+ oo (s l 0). We investigate the asymptotic behavior of solutions near blowing-up points. §


WHAT IS MUSIC? MUSIC IS....LISTENING – being exposed to the many sounds and styles of music MUSIC IS....TEMPO – how fast or slow the music sounds MUSIC IS.... RHTYHM – the beat or pulse of the music MUSIC IS.... DYNAMICS – how loud or soft the music sounds MUSIC IS....HISTORY – appreciating music heritage and the music that effects our society MUSIC IS.... PLAYING instruments, recorders, African drums MUSIC IS....PITCH – how high or low the music sounds (DO RE MI FA SOL LA TI DO) MUSIC IS....SINGING MUSIC IS....DANCING – square dancing, colonial contra dancing, ballroom dancing


In this paper, we defined the knowledge government as the government in which its knowledge activities are highly encouraged for its productivity. From the perspective of this concept, we attempted to examine the four processes of knowledge activities, that is, knowledge creation-proliferation-utilization-accumulation. The policy cases on the knowledge process examined in this paper showed the following points. The Korean administrative culture, stylized by a rigid setting of hierarchy, has not suitably accommodated the culture of the incentive system and the flexible organization yet. The leadership also has not been appropriate especially in terms of policy coordination. While there has been some progress in terms of hardware systems such as an individual PC system or information infrastructure, the degree of integration among agencies is very inferior, as indicated by the statistics of Groupware as well as SI. Therefore, this study suggests that it is vital to have a strong leadership committed to initiate a knowledge-based government and to create an administrative culture receptive for the competition and selective rewarding. Knowledge government, above all, is for utilizing knowledge in its decision-making process. For the uninhibited knowledge flow and utilization, this study also suggests that it is significant to initiate a learning system constantly reacting to the external signals and environments.


Despite great promises of cellulose nanofibers for water treatment, current technologies have lacked the exclusive use of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) in high-flux filters having an affinity for a desired contaminant. To tackle this, we prepared porous and functionalized filters via solvent exchange, supercritical drying, and freeze-drying of cationic CNF and compared them to conventional CNF filters obtained by the paper-making process. Porosity and pore size were evaluated in the dry state qualitatively and quantitatively via scanning electron microscopy and mercury intrusion porosimetry, respectively. The permeance of water and a solution containing a negatively charged model molecule (humic acid) through these filters was measured at various pressures and correlated to the filters' structure. As compared to the CNF filters made via paper-making, the porosity, pore size, and permeance were increased after processing via solvent exchange, supercritical drying, and freeze-drying routes. Those filters which...


The mechanical competence of bone depends upon its quantity, structural arrangement, and chemical composition. Assessment of these factors is important for the evaluation of bone integrity, particularly as the skeleton remodels according to external (e.g. mechanical loading) and internal (e.g. hormonal changes) stimuli. Micro magnetic resonance imaging (μMRI) has emerged as a non-invasive and non-ionizing method well-suited for the repeated measurements necessary for monitoring changes in bone integrity. However, in vivo image-based directional dependence of trabecular bone (TB) has not been linked to mechanical competence or fracture risk despite the existence of convincing ex vivo evidence. The objective of this dissertation research was to develop a means of capturing the directional dependence of TB by assessing a fabric tensor on the basis of in vivo μMRI. To accomplish this objective, a novel approach for calculating the TB fabric tensor based on the spatial autocorrelation function was developed and evaluated in the presence of common limitations to in vivo μMRI. Comparisons were made to the standard technique of mean-interceptlength (MIL). Relative to MIL, ACF was identified as computationally faster by over an order of magnitude and more robust within the range of the resolutions and SNRs achievable in vivo. The potential for improved sensitivity afforded by isotropic resolution was also investigated in an improved μMR imaging protocol at 3T. Measures of reproducibility and reliability indicate the potential of images with isotropic resolution to provide enhanced sensitivity to orientation-dependent measures of TB, however overall reproducibility suffered from the sacrifice in SNR. Finally, the image-derived TB fabric tensor was validated through its relationship with TB mechanical competence in specimen and in vivo μMR images. The inclusion of trabecular bone fabric measures significantly improved the bone volume fraction-based prediction of elastic constants calculated by micro-finite element analysis. This research established a method for detecting TB fabric tensor in vivo and identified the directional dependence of TB as an important determinant of TB mechanical competence. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Bioengineering First Advisor Felix W. Wehrli


The knowlege of strength and deformation behavior of fractured rock is essential for determining the ultimate stability of underground excavation in rock. The investigators have performed cyclic test in post-ultimate strength by using a Terra Tek stiff servo-controlled material test system and Tektronix 4051 computer to examine the post-failure behavior and stiffness of Salem limestone. The complete cyclic stress-strain, stress-time, axial strain-time and lateral strain-time curves were obtained by controlling the axial strain rate (10^(-5) in/in/sec. ). The results are as follows 1. The slopes of stress-strain curves decreases with the number of loading-unloading cycles. 2. The Salem limestone has the permanent deformation in pre-failure and also elasticity in post-failure. 3. The stiffness of Salem limestone decreases with the increasing deformation.


Semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) with both narrow-band absorption and emission are desirable for multiplexed bioassay applications, but such Pdots with absorption peaks beyond 400 nm are difficult to achieve. Here we describe a donor–energy transfer unit–acceptor (D–ETU–A) design strategy to produce a BODIPY-based Pdot that exhibits simultaneously narrow absorption and emission bands. A green BODIPY (GBDP) unit was employed as the main building block of the polymer backbone, conferring a strong, narrow-band absorption around 551 nm. An NIR720 acceptor provides narrow-band NIR emission. The small Stokes shift of the GBDP donor allows introduction of a benzofurazan-based ETU, resulting in a ternary Pdot with a fluorescence quantum yield of 23.2%, the most efficient yellow-laser excitable Pdot. Due to the strong absorbance band centered at 551 nm and weak absorbance at 405 nm and 488 nm, the Pdot showed high single-particle brightness when excited by a 561 nm (yellow) laser, and selective yellow laser excitation when used to label MCF cells, with much greater brightness when excited at 561 nm than at 405 nm or 488 nm.


Let X = {Xt, t = 1, 2, . . . } be a stationary Gaussian random process, with mean EXt =
 and covariance function γ(τ ) = E(Xt − )(Xt+τ − ). Let f(λ) be the corresponding
spectral density; a stationary Gaussian process is said to be long-range dependent, if the
spectral density f(λ) can be written as the product of a slowly varying function ˜ f(λ) and
the quantity λ−2d. In this paper we propose a novel Bayesian nonparametric approach
to the estimation of the spectral density of X. We prove that,under some specific
assumptions on the prior distribution, our approach assures posterior consistency both
when f(.) and d are the objects of interest. The rate of convergence of the posterior
sequence depends in a significant way on the structure of the prior; we provide some
general results and also consider the fractionally exponential (FEXP) family of priors
(see below). Since it has not a well founded justification in the long memory set-up,
we avoid using the Whittle approximation to the likelihood function and prefer to use
the true Gaussian likelihood. It makes the computational burden of the method quite challenging. To mitigate the impact of that in finite sample computations, we propose to
use a Population MonteCarlo (PMC) algorithm, which avoids rejecting some proposed
values, as it regularly happens with MCMC algorithms. We also propose an extension
of PMC in order to deal with the case of varying dimension parameter space. We finally
present an application of our approach.


Children in North America, some as young as eleven or twelve, routinely don helmets and pads and are trained to move at high-speed for the purpose of engaging in repeated full-body collisions with each other. The evidence suggests that the forces generated by such impacts are sufficient to cause traumatic brain injury (TBI) among children. Moreover, there is only limited evidence supporting the efficacy of interventions typically used to reduce the risks of such hazards. What kind of risk assessment enables such activities to be a relatively common feature of childhood in Canadian and American society? In order to understand this state of affairs, we must examine the particular risk frame under which such hazards are commonly assumed. Risk assessments are embedded in the cultures in which they are situated and must be evaluated in their social contexts.


Adaptation is an important sign of mental health. Difficulties of college freshmen in adaptation is ubiquitous after they enter college.They involve role conversion, study psychology, relationship with people ideal conflicts and so on. If they cannot deal with such problems properly,mental problems,even mental disorders may be brought on.The paper suggests relevant counter measures to improve their mental quality and mental health level and help them develop in all respects.


The paper presents the results of work carried out on the applicability of deep learning techniques for the purpose of diagnostics of industrial rotary compressors. The paper focuses on the possibility of using the library TensorFlow by Google to build classifiers typical for this library, e.g. convolutional neural networks, as well as classical ones used in diagnostics, e.g. multilayer perceptron (MLP) or support vector machine (SVM). To provide a complete diagnostic tool was not the aim of the paper. Thus, only selected examplary faults were considered dips of the power supply voltage and surge. At the beginning, a description of test stand, from which the test data were collected, is given. The main part of the work contains a description of the implementation of classifiers, and the results of their tests conducted on the actual measurement data. The data, registered during the experiments on site, represented both, the fault free state, as well the state with selected faults. Finally, the concept of the software (functionality and structure) dedicated for using considered techniques for both off-line tasks of building classifiers, as well as on-line monitoring in the cloud is discussed.


Problems of lawlessness loom large in current accounts of Papua New Guinea. Concerns about these have induced high levels of personal insecurity, as well as providing a major disincentive to foreign investment. While such problems cannot be resolved by law and justice solutions alone, the continuing deterioration of PNG's 'law and order'1 situation raises questions about the adequacy of the formal regulatory system. Successive governments have been loud with 'tough' rhetoric, like many of their counterparts elsewhere. Practical responses have been essentially reactive and short-term.2 Australia, PNG's largest aid donor, has claimed to concentrate on institutional-strengthening projects with individual law and justice agencies. While there have been achievements, it is clear that improving the performance of law and justice processes is a complex and long-term task and one that needs to be integrated with other areas of governance reform. Building a more effective law and justice sector requires strategies that go beyond the strengthening of particular institutions. Given the operational inter-dependence of law and justice agencies, a broader sectoral focus is needed. In addition, while the state is the central player, there is a need to recognise the contributions of other stakeholders to the management of conflict and maintenance of peace at local levels. PNG's non-government sector, comprising 'traditional' structures of governance, community groups, churches, NGOs and the private sector, already plays a significant, if often unacknowledged, role. A sustainable law and justice framework needs to delineate responsibilities between different organisations and develop appropriate and mutually reinforcing linkages between government and non-government sectors. This paper examines the challenges facing PNG's law and justice sector and identifies key directions for reform. Section one describes the broader context of PNG's problems of order, including the acute fragility of the nation-state and the high levels of social and legal pluralism. Attention is drawn to the restorative character of many 'traditional' justice practices and the manner of their interactions with colonial institutions of social control. Section two examines the workings of the modern criminal justice system. Its shortcomings are attributed as much to a lack of legitimacy and strong social foundations as to its patent lack of institutional capacity. The final section looks at the recently endorsed National Law and Justice Policy (The The contribution of AusAID to this series is acknowledged with appreciation. Discussion Paper 02/2


We give a characterization of indecomposable exceptional modules over finite dimensional gentle algebras. As an application, we study gentle algebras arising from an unpunctured surface and show that a class of indecomposable modules related to curves without self-intersections, as exceptional modules, are uniquely determined by their dimension vectors.


An upper computer system of high-end loom machine based on ARM and CAN bus communication which embedded Linux system was designed to realize the effective control of intelligent loom machine.The hardware platform was mainly built using embedded microprocessor based on AT91SAM9261 kernel of Atmel company and CAN bus controller MCP2515 of Microchip.The software design was implemented in the Linux system including GUI application design and CAN bus device driver realization.Debugging results show that this system works stably and fast,and it can satisfy the control of loom machine system.


The purpose of this thesis was to study the prerequisites for the Swedish Armed Forces (SAF) in order to recruit sufficient numbers of suitable individuals to the organization, and to retain those ...


From the angle of economics, women's position in marriage and career is decided by the optimized requirement of the total utility function which is made by the utility function of marriage and career and the comparison of the cost of the two choices can also determine women's position in marriage and career. In reality, women's positions in career and marriage are different due to many positive and negative factors. To promote women' s career preference, we must make efforts to create more positive factors and restrain the negative factors so as to create a relaxed environment and a good condition for women to pursue good career.


The present invention relates to novel silicates having a dissolution rate IMPROVED WHOSE MOLAR RATIO SiO2 / Na2O is greater than or equal to 1 and EXCEEDING 4, and has a greater than 0.65 g / cm3 density. They consist AT LEAST 90% silicate 1% AT LEAST cellulosics.


In the reformulation of activities, stakeholders need to be iden tified and included. Some stakeholders are: the UGC, universities, government departments and ministries (Finance, Petroleum, Science and Technology, Industry, Agriculture, among others) and, of course, the firms. Other stakeholders need to be identified. The specific tasks of each stakeholder in engendering knowledge flows need to be identified and recorded. If such tasks and process variables can be defined, then an institutional framework will be made available which, in the Indian context, permits the success of business driven R&D—and knowledge generation and diffusion. These are issues that policy makers have to think about as Indian industry enters the new millenium, and wishes to catch up, if ever, with the performance of countries such as South Korea. □


Celeng sub-watershed is a catchment area located in the Oyo watershed. This catchment has circular shape which is situated in the alluvial plain. In the 2018, there was a huge flood occurred in the area that was triggered by Savana Cyclone. The cyclone itself contributed in extreme precipitation, resulted in high discharge in a very short time, and spilled over the riverbank. The research aims (1) to analyze the discharge capacity in the Celeng sub-watershed, (2) to determine the design discharge of Celeng sub-watershed for 2, 5, 10, and 25 years return period, and (3) to evaluate whether the design discharge excess the Celeng river capacity or not. The research uses quantitative analysis through rational method and slope area method. The design discharge measured by rational method and applied to evaluate the river capacity along with rational method. The result shows that the area does not experience flood in all return period.


The modern control room is predominantly made up of visual dis- plays, which might make monitoring different processes a cumber-some and visually cognitively demanding task. Sonification could be used to support the monitoring task. However, it is not clear how the most beneficial sonification should be designed. In this pilot study an experimental setup was developed to explore perception of different sonification approaches. A user experiment was performed to assess perception of the sonification when and where simulated data deviated most from the normal level. It was found that all sonification conditions were generally useful, regardless of the participant's musical experience, shown both in terms of ob- jective and subjective measurements. Stereo panning of the sound was also generally experienced as helpful, but the use of differ- ent pitch might not have been experienced to contribute as much for solving the task. The findings in this pilot study will be further used to create new research ideas about sonification for monitoring of dynamic processes.


In recent years reusable and highly active metal-nanoparticle catalysts were developed for the selective transformation of hydrosilanes into the corresponding silanols using water as the oxidant. The catalysts are much more active than conventional homogeneous ones under ambient conditions. In this perspective, we summarize known catalyst systems as well as stoichiometric methods for the synthesis of silanols from hydrosilanes. Plausible pathways for the hydrolytic oxidation of hydrosilanes on metal nanoparticles are described on the basis of the observations of mechanistic studies, including Si–H bond activation, nucleophilic attack of water (or silanol) at the silicon bonded to metal, and the liberation of silanol (or disiloxane) products. The applications of silanols are classified into usages in organic synthesis and silicon-based materials. Silanols were employed as nucleophilic partners in transition-metal catalyzed carbon–carbon cross-coupling reactions, organocatalysts for activating carbonyl comp...


The aim of this paper is to evaluate legal and ethical legitimacy of the new tools of control and disciplinary in the firm. Can these new tools, using information and communication technology, be coherent with the ethical preoccupations of a firm ? The philosophy of Bentham can be useful to answer this question. Using utilitarianism to analyse this situation we can conclude that the new tools used by the firm to control their employees on the one hand and corporate social responsibility on the other and are not necessarily in contradiction.


Since the 1980s, feminism and post-colonialism began to exchange and dialogue, forming a new interpretation space, that is, post-colonial feminist cultural theory. There is a very complicated relationship between post-colonialism and feminism, both in practice and theory. It was obvious that they have always been consistent as both cultural theories focus on the marginalization of the "other" that is marginalized by the ruling structure, consciously defending their interests. Post-structuralism is used to deny the common foundation of patriarchy and colonialism—the thinking mode of binary opposition. However, only in the most recent period, Postcolonialism and feminism "Running" is more "near", it is almost like an alliance. (The factor contributing to this alliance is that both parties recognize their limitations.) Furthermore, for quite some time there have been serious conflicts between these two equally famous critical theories. They have been deeply divided on issues, such as how to evaluate the third world women's liberation, how to view the relationship between imperialism and feminism, and how to understand that colonialists use the standards of feminism to support their "civilization mission." This article has greatly benefited from the perspectives and materials of Leela Gandhi's Postcolonial Theory; A Critical Introduction.


INTRODUCTION Clinical rotations are an integral component of physician assistant (PA) education. During clinical rotations, students build on the knowledge gained during the didactic phase of their education and practice newly acquired skills in patient care settings. While in their clinical rotations, students are evaluated by preceptors and faculty to ensure that they are progressing toward the development of clinical competencies. The Accreditation Standards for Physician Assistant Education, third edition,1 published by the Accreditation Review Commission on Education for the Physician Assistant (ARC-PA) require both the evaluation of students in the clinical setting and the evaluation of the actual clinical sites. The clinical sites and preceptors who mentor our students are essential to the students becoming competent PAs. It is the responsibility of every PA program to ensure that clinical sites and preceptors are meeting student learning needs and program expectations. This article will review the specific standards that address clinical site evaluation and discuss the tools used by the Duke University Physician Assistant Program to comply with those standards.


Changes in the diurnal variation patterns of precipitation were analyzed using four-hourly data for 106 years (1898-2003) at 46 stations in Japan. On the annual and areal average, precipitation amount has a relative increasing trend in the early morning (02-06 JST) and a decreasing trend in the afternoon (14-18 JST), each with a rate of about 5% per century. These changes reflect those of intense precipitation (≥ 10 mm/4h) in spring and summer, while precipitation amount in autumn and winter shows different changes of diurnal variation patterns. Changes of diurnal cycles of weak precipitation (<3 mm/4h) are generally small, with a slight relative increase in 06-14 JST, and a decrease in 14-18 JST.


This article gives a historical overview of changes in child care policies in Poland and analyzes their influence on gender equality/inequality over the last period. Under the Communist regime, these policies were subordinated to economic interests and characterized by contradictory trends. The measures enforced during this period in the field of public child care facilities and of child care leave reveal that, despite a progressive constitution, Polish women were treated as second-class citizens. However, even a market economy and massive privatizations have reinforced this trend. Women are still seen primarily as mothers and suffer discrimination in the labor market. In order to meet the conditions of integration into the European Union, a more egalitarian framework was adopted, but at the same time, the Polish state made drastic cuts in welfare expenditures. Thus, the family allowances look more like a "safety net" for the poorest than a real family-policy system. Collective care institutions progressively disappear: today, they cover only 2 percent of children under the age of three. This affects women first of all, as they are held responsible for taking care of children. The weight of the Church and the traditional point of view concerning women's place in society brake any movement of emancipation, and most women still consider that their main duty lies in their role as mothers.


list of such families would vary from month to month, that is, that they made progress with their whole load much as a sail boat does against a heavy wind, by "tacking" first in one direction and then in another. This specialization was even more marked in some instances. One visitor, in her second year and doing excellent work, spent 43 per cent of her time with clients on seven families and the remaining 57 per cent on thirty-four under care and eight minor service cases. Another, a visitor in her first year and also doing high grade work, spent 40 per cent on nine families and the remaining 60 per cent on thirty-one under care and seven minor service cases. The number of under care families was too large for specialization and both new cases and office work suffered accordingly. The former record was made possible by the fortunate circumstance of having but one new case and no old ones. At the other extreme was a visitor who, capable of doing equally good work, was trying to spread her efforts too thinly over all her cases, and had but one case beyond the investigation stage which received two hours' work. Her new cases, of which there were five, received two hours and five mniutes each, a better record than either of the others, but minor service cases, of which there were fourteen, received an undue amount of attention, averaging forty-six minutes each. Our visitors' classes had several lively discussions on the subject of these showings and agreed that with a normal intake about five cases were all that it was possible to take for specialization at one time, and that more time spent on new cases might save much time later. It was also agreed that it was necessary to watch the minor service group carefully lest they absorb too much time. On this basis, we studied our intake for a month to see where time might have been saved-whether it was possible, for instance, to determine earlier that a case should go to another agency. A volunteer is at the present time making a study of all minor service cases for three months, one of the items noted being whether or not they could have been dropped sooner or with fewer motions. In all these divisions the extremes were wide, but there was not so much difference on the basis of newer or older visitors as might have been expected. The differences seemed according to temperament rather than experience and like other findings of the log were used to point the way to individual improvement. Whether other studies would help us form an estimate of what the ideal should be remains to be seen.


Dupuytren's disease is not common in the African population. Like in other populations early intervention before severe contractures is important in order to prevent recurrence. We present a case of a young African with Dupuytren's diathesis. Keywords : Dupuytren's, Diathesis, African, Surgery


This study was planned to investigate the protective effect of resveratrol (RSV), caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian insufficiency (POI).Twenty-eight female rats were divided into four groups with 7 rats in each group. The groups consisted of a vehicle-treated control group (group 1), rats treated with chemotherapy followed by intraperitoneal RSV injection (group 2) or rats treated with chemotherapy followed by CoQ10 (group 3), or rats treated with chemotherapy followed by intraperitoneal CAPE injection (group 4). Cisplatin was administered intraperitoneally once daily at doses of 2.0 mg/kg for 10 days. Rats in groups 2, 3, and 4 were given RSV (100 mg/kg, i.p.), CoQ10 (20 mg/kg, oral), and CAPE (10 mg/kg, i.p.) respectively. Five animals in the sham group underwent laparotomy for ovarian weight measurements on the first day of cisplatin injection. Animals in the treatment and control groups were sacrificed two weeks later, and their ovaries were excised for histopathological analysis. Serum levels of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) were also analyzed.Rats in groups 2 and 4 showed vaginal smears under estrogenic effect. At the end of the second week, the total body weight and ovarian weight of the animals in group 1 increased. Significantly higher mean follicle count was detected in groups 2 and group 4 compared to group 3. The ovaries of the rats in the control group showed follicles in all stages of development. While the ovaries of the rats in the RSV or CAPE showed significantly decreased numbers of primordial follicles they showed increased numbers of early growing follicles.Both RSV and CAPE administration might improve follicle survival and AMH production in rats with chemotherapy-induced POI but further research is necessary.


Preserving privacy while collaboratively mining association rules has caught the attention of researchers due to privacy concern by collaborative participants. Existing public key based homomorphic encryption schemes achieve the privacy but increases the computation and the communication cost. This paper explores the non-public key based collision resistance technique called shamir's secret sharing for preserving privacy for distributed association rule mining (PPDARM) in horizontal partitioned data. We use the concept of MFI (Maximal Frequent Itemset) to reduce the communication cost. The theoretical and experimental analysis of the proposed algorithm, which is conducted with a real dataset shows that it performs superlative with respect to communication and computation compared to existing PPDARM techniques. Additionally, the proposed algorithm is analyzed in terms of the security, privacy and correctness respectively.


Summary form only given. Jet packs, self-driving cars, universal translators, space tourism; many of the science fiction dreams of yesterday are on the verge of becoming realities of today and promise to transform the world of tomorrow. We have complex communicators/supercomputers in our pockets that would make Captain Kirk proud; robotic dogs that could play fetch with R2D2; and computers, though maybe not quite up to HAL 9000 standards, that can play a mean game of Jeopardy. (Still waiting for that flying car in every garage!) In a similar manner, advances in artificial intelligence, robotics, virtual and augmented realities, and mobile technology are transforming the world of Disney and its theme parks. In this talk I will give an overview of some of the exciting new advances in technology and innovation in Disney theme parks. I will discuss the technology being used both in front of guests and behind the scenes. I will include examples and videos from some of the newest Disney attractions, many of which can be found right next door to the conference. I will also discuss some of the work being done in the area of immersive design and review at Walt Disney Irnagineering, in Glendale CA.


Resonant Raman scattering has been measured on single-wall nanotubes of diameters from 1.1 nm to 1.4 nm. The spectra show groups of peaks near 180 cm−1, 360 cm−1, 440 cm−1, 600 cm−1, 720 cm−1, 880 cm−1, 1070 cm−1, 1320 cm−1 and 1580 cm−1. Observed resonant intensity enhancements show that peaks in each group belong to the same vibrational mode of different diameters, and hence different dependencies on the incident photon energy. These measurements, therefore, determine the diameter dependent vibrational modes and zone-folded electronic structures, yielding mode assignments that groups of peaks near 600 cm−1, 859 cm−1, 1070 cm−1 and 1580 cm−1 belong to optical modes and the rest to acoustic ones in graphite in the zone-folding scheme. Peaks near 360 cm−1, 720 cm−1 and 880 cm−1 are harmonics of 180 cm−1 or 440 cm−1.


The context for discussing multiple comparisons is statistical hypothesis testing and p values, which we dealt with cursorily in our earlier commentary (1) and which Dr. Thompson addresses in detail (2). He organizes the sequence of questions as follows: Should hypothesis tests be used? If they are used, should they be based onp values? If p values are used, should they be adjusted for multiple comparisons? We fully agree with his first two answers, namely "infrequently" and "no," but appear to differ on the third question, to which he answers "yes." Even on this point, however, the differences are more in strategy than in the underlying goals. As noted elsewhere, statistical analysis of observational data "should be limited to pattern detection and recognition" (3, p. 227). That is, we examine the data and organize it to facilitate a clear understanding of what it can tell us about the substantive phenomenon of interest. From this perspective, statistics are not "descriptive" or "inferential"; they can only be descriptive, since it is the user of the data who draws any inferences. Some statistical tools are more useful in this context, such as a risk ratio or linear regression coefficient, whereas others are presented as inferences, such as the result of a statistical hypothesis test defined as rejection or failure to reject the null hypothesis. Confidence intervals are intended to be used as descriptors of a range of values and associated levels of confidence (4), but are often abused as statistical tests. As descriptors of the patterns in the data, measures of effect such as risk ratios, confidence intervals on those measures, and even p values (although they are not very useful for data description) need not be adjusted. On all these points, we agree with Dr. Thompson.


Abstract : Figure 1 shows a snapshot of liquid fuel spray coming out of an injector nozzle in a realistic gas-turbine combustor. Here the spray atomization was simulated using a stochastic secondary breakup model (Apte et al. 2003a) with point-particle approximation for the droplets. Very close to the injector, it is observed that the spray density is large and the droplets cannot be treated as point-particles. The volume displaced by the liquid in this region is significant and can alter the gas-phase flow and spray evolution. In order to address this issue, one can compute the dense spray regime by an Eulerian- Eulerian technique using advanced interface tracking/level-set methods (Sussman et al. 1994; Tryggvason et al. 2001; Herrmann 2003). This, however, is computationally intensive and may not be viable in realistic complex configurations. We therefore plan to develop a methodology based on Eulerian-Lagrangian technique which will allow us to capture the essential features of primary atomization using models to capture interactions between the fluid and droplets and which can be directly applied to the standard atomization models used in practice. The numerical scheme for unstructured grids developed by Mahesh et al. (2003) for incompressible flows is modified to take into account the droplet volume fraction. The numerical framework is directly applicable to realistic combustor geometries. Our main objectives in this work are: * Develop a numerical formulation based on Eulerian-Lagrangian techniques with models for interaction terms between the fluid and particles to capture the Kelvin- Helmholtz type instabilities observed during primary atomization. * Validate this technique for various two-phase and particulate flows. * Assess its applicability to capture primary atomization of liquid jets in conjunction with secondary atomization models.


Swedish companies have since 2003 been able to get certified by an energy management system (EEMS) and companies that have been certified, can now show savings in energy use. The downside of today ...


ABSTRACT Food and agriculture have recently become focal points of tech sector innovation and financing. Rapidly multiplying agri-food tech startups are promising to import the tech sector's trademark disruptive innovation into an industry they deem sclerotic, inefficient, and unsustainable. This paper interrogates the cultural and market frictions attending Silicon Valley's foray into food and agriculture through the lens of what is perhaps the tech sector's most prominent narrative genre: the public investment pitch. Building on scholarship that views pitching as a performative practice, we show how pitches serve to mediate the tech sector's entrée into this established industry. Our analysis of four key moments of the agri-food tech pitch reveal how carefully curated framings of agri-food problems and solutions work to reconcile the world-changing ambition and profit-making potential demanded by Silicon Valley investors with the deeply entrenched political economic realities of food and agriculture. Our analysis also suggests a tendency towards 'non-disruptive disruption' (Goldstein, J., 2018. Planetary improvement: Cleantech entrepreneurship and the contradictions of green capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press). Despite nods to disrupting the established industry, the tech sector primarily offers incremental improvements on existing technologies, often developed or marketed in partnership with industry incumbents, underscoring the distinction between technological disruption on the one hand and genuine systemic transformation on the other.


The aim of this paper is to provide a new analysis of Korea's housing policy in which an examination of the ideological and conceptual framework is linked with state intervention. The underlying reason for state intervention is itself a matter of dispute and subject to different theoretical interpretations. At risk of oversimplifying we can take consensus and conflict theories as broadly representratives of three theoretical spectrum: the market model, the social democratic model and Marxist theory. The study of housing and housing policy is one of the most complex areas of social analysis. In Korea, housing studies often neglect the social aspects of housing, or at least fail to place discussions about housing policy or provision in the general context of debates on social policy. This paper is an attempt to address both of these areas of scholarship, by exploring trends in the state intervention in housing.


In order to determine the immunopathogenesis,immune responses and the dynamic rules of the weight ratios for the bursa,spleen,thymus to body of chickens infected with infectious bursal disease virus(IBDV),SPF chickens at different ages were infected with IBDV respectively.Clinical observation,PCR,ELISPOT were used to assess the IFN-γ of immune organs at 3 and 5 post-infection day(PID) and antibody titres was surveyed during 1 to 4 post-infection week(PIW) respectively.The pathological lesions in immune organs of challenged chickens were observed post-challenging.By PCR,the viral DNA of IBDV was detected at 3 and 5 PID.Antibody specific to IBDV was detected at 7 to 28 PID.The weight ratios for thymus and bursa to body increased with ages,and reached the top at 22 PID and then started to decline.However,the weight ratios for spleen to body increased from 22 to 56 PID.Bursa lesions in embryo inoculation were more severe than those in chicken inoculation.These results suggested that the cytokines in immune organs could provide reference index for evaluating cell immunity.


Western dietary regulations are not in conformity with Islamic prescriptions for eatable meat (ḥalāl meat). This has led to the mushrooming of privately-driven ḥalāl regimes in many countries. This paper examines the increasing interest in ḥalāl food, analyses the factors behind this surge, its complexities, dynamics, progress and challenges. It investigates the interrelatedness of globalization, religious identity and multiculturalism in the context of ḥalāl, and the growing expression of Islamic cultural identity in a globalized world. A survey and analysis of thirty-six ḥalāl certification agencies in 18 countries, where foods are exported to Muslim countries, show that ḥalāl certification is largely championed by private and non-governmental bodies that seek to entrench Islamic food codes in the national laws. The paper identifies some countries that have institutionalized ḥalāl certification regimes for all food imports and exports.


Introduction. For the past half century, most cities of population over 100,000 in industrialized nations have had dozens of industrial and research users regularly purchasing pressurized hydrogen gas in heavy steel cylinders containing about 0.5 kg H2 per cylinder. The price of this hydrogen has been reasonably stable at about $100/kg plus cylinder rental. One of the basic assumptions underlying the putative "hydrogen economy" is that this cost can be reduced to a few dollars per kilogram even while hydrogen production costs rapidly increase over the next 30 years. There appear to be serious problems with this assumption. Clearly, the question of the cost of hydrogen fuel to the consumer 15 to 50 years from now is of critical importance in any discussion of the possibility of a "hydrogen economy". A number of studies have been carried out over the past seven years on the cost of hydrogen, but there are major problems with most of these studies that are not widely appreciated. The four biggest problems with many hydrogen cost projections are: 1. The rate of introduction of hydrogen-fueled vehicles is currently nearly two orders of magnitude lower than was generally expected 4 to 8 years ago [1], and it seems likely to remain at such a depressed rate for at least several more decades [2]. This is largely because the costs of light-weight proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stacks (with maintenance) is proving to be about $7,000/kW [3], which is two orders of magnitude higher than was officially expected in the late '90's [4]. Also, their lifetime under road conditions is still 20% that of diesel engine, and they achieve under 35% efficiency. 2. North America is facing natural gas (NG) shortages that will steadily worsen over the coming decades [5]. The price of NG has increased by a factor of 10 in the past 30 years and a factor of three in the last six years [6]. Its cost is likely to increase by more than another factor of two (in constant dollars) within 15 years. 3. Small hydrogen-dispensing stations [7] are costing about $600K each, which is ten times more than was initially expected for stations an order of magnitude larger [8] and is thus another error in assumptions of two orders of magnitude. 4. Hydrogen storage costs by all methods (at least for quantities below tens of thousands of kilograms) are two orders of magnitude greater than for liquid hydrocarbon fuels [9]. This is clearly not appreciated in many published studies which have often referenced erroneous earlier works [4, 8]. There are also a number of other significant issues which were not well appreciated in earlier studies, such as (1) the increase in pipeline costs to avoid hydrogen embrittlement failures [10], (2) the significance of flash losses associated with dispensing moderate quantities (100-1000 kg) from trailer-truck tankers of liquid hydrogen, and (3) failure to consider the implications of taxes, including the imposition of a fossil-carbon tax or similar disincentive to the use of fuels such as fossil hydrogen. Most hydrogen studies over the past several years contain a mixture of facts and advocacy. As note, there have been at least four common errors of at least an order of magnitude in many published hydrogen-economy studies over the past decade – FC costs, rate of introduction of hydrogen vehicles, hydrogen storage costs, and fuel dispensing costs. All of these errors have been in the direction to make hydrogen seem more attractive as a fuel. However, it is important to point out that several thorough and generally accurate infrastructure studies have been carried out [9, 11]. But even the rather scholarly works are often misused by hydrogen advocates who fail to carefully note their clearly stated assumptions. For example:


A sensitivity characterization of a Xilinx Artix-7 field programmable gate array (FPGA) against 14.2-MeV neutrons is presented. The content of the internal static random access memories (SRAMs) and flip-flops was downloaded in a PC and compared with a golden version of it. Flipped cells were identified and classified as cells of the configuration RAM, block RAM (BRAM), or flip-flops. Single bit upsets (SBUs) and multiple cell upsets (MCUs) with multiplicities ranging from 2 to 8 were identified using a statistical method. Possible shapes of multiple events are also investigated, showing a trend to follow wordlines. Finally, MUlti-Scales Single Event Phenomena Predictive Platform (MUSCA SEP3) was used to make assessment of actual environments and an improvement of single event upset (SEU) injection test is proposed.


It is the fundamental law that the property of commonwealth and industry co exist. Private education makes up the deficiency of public education. In many countries, profit making education takes up the minor part of private education. As far as the profit making education is concerned, the commonwealth and profit making properties go well with each other.


Objective: To evaluate the applicability of traditional Chinese medicine consensus of clinical practice guidelines. Methods: Doctors in 42 grade 3 and first-class hospital of traditional Chinese medicine were organized to fill in the 'Application of TCM clinical guidelines questionnaire'. Through online data acquisition system, data was collected on the guidelines and standards(guide) content, and coordination of relevant standards(guide) evaluation of the 6 aspects of the matching, comparison, guide and the conventional horizontal guide and key disciplines, specialist treatment level, guide and the expert experiences in diagnosis and treatment level, guide and the latest clinical scientific research level comparison, etc. Results: With the relevant standards(guide)(53.1%) coordination content and related standards(guide) level matching(52.4%) tutorial and the units of conventional horizontal comparison(50.1%) = guidelines and key disciplines, specialist treatment level(50.1%) guide and the expert experiences in diagnosis and treatment level(45.6%) guides and the latest clinical scientific research(41.9%). Conclusion: Overall, the applicability of traditional Chinese medicine consensus of clinical guidelines is good, and the lasted research results should be absorbed when revise the guides.


The article discusses the development of Information Commons to Learning Commons,talks over the component of Learning Commons,discusses the opportunities and challenges of the construction of university library's Learning Commons.


In my first article as a young PhD, which was published in the Harvard Educational Review, I argued that high school U.S. history curriculum, as represented in widely used textbooks, excises and thereby defines out of existence radical responses American workers have had to the problems they face on the job and in their communities (Anyon, 1979). This educational excision is one way that schooling mitigates against the development of working-class consciousness. In empirical and theoretical work since then, I have investigated knowledge and pedagogical experiences made available to students in different socialclass contexts (1980, 1981), and have attempted to understand the consequences of ways we conceptualize urban education, urban school reform, and neighborhood poverty. Recent arguments have aimed at unseating simplistic notions of the causes of urban poverty and low achievement in city districts, and explicating unexplored relations between urban education and movements for social change (e.g., 1995, 1997, 2005). In this chapter I think about education policy over the seventy-five years of Harvard Educational Review publication. During these decades, many K–12 policies have been written and implemented by federal, state, and local governments. Some of these have aimed at improving education in America's cities and are my primary focus. Over the years, dominant strategies called upon to improve urban schools have included curricular, administrative, and funding reforms, as well as increases in educational opportunity and district/school accountability. A historical examination of policies can inform decisions we make today. Policy failures, for example, may demonstrate that we need to rethink strate-


The effects of C/O mole ratio and basicity of slagmaking components of synthetic chromite by carbon on reductivity of Cr_(2)O_(3) and total reductivity at the temperature range from 1 250℃ to 1 450℃ are researched and so is the separating behavior of metal phase from slag phase after reduction. It's found that the reductivity of Cr_(2)O_(3) is greatly influenced by reduction temperature and C/O mole ratio. When the basicity of slagmaking composition and C/O mole ratio in synthetic chromite by carbon are well controlled, it's feasible to realize full separation of metal from slag after reduction at temperature higher than 1 400℃, which suggests a new process of producing carbon ferrochrome cheaply.