********** As 2002 begins, most Americans are in a very different place than they were at the turn of the century--just two short years ago. In 2000, a year after the lurid ordeal of a presidential impeachment trial, the nation was comfortably self-absorbed. The federal deficit had disappeared and the country was clipping along at virtually full employment. For the first time in a decade, we had even begun to see health insurance coverage expand. True, large companies had begun consolidating and reducing the number of health insurers with whom they contracted, but that was necessary to improve quality control and reduce overhead costs. Interest rates were dropping, and the first "dot.coms" had collapsed, signs the market was overvalued--but periodic market corrections are necessary to sustain long-term prosperity. Congress' attention was on the upcoming elections. The United States had become a major player in a global economy, and, indeed, had the world by the tail. Place. n. 1. A particular point or portion of space; a definite locality or location. 2. One's abode or quarters. 3. An open space or square in a city. 4. A position in a sequence or series. 5. Station in life; rank. 6. One's employment; position. v. t. 1. To put in a particular place or position. 2. To find a place, situation, home, etc. for. 3. To identify, classify. 4. To bestow or entrust. (Funk & Wagnalls, 1980, p. 605) Or so it seemed. In future years many of us will remember "the change" by where we were on September 11. I was loading a van, moving from a large city to a very small town in rural Illinois. The movers and I stood slack-jawed and glassy-eyed in front of a small T\T, our hearts stopped in time. We watched as our personal securities froze and institutions we took for granted were vaporized. Soon, we found ourselves watching a president elected under a cloud of suspicion now conducting a war on the other side of the world. On the heels of the World Trade Center tragedy, the anthrax scare signaled the vulnerability of our public health system, the fragility of our national infrastructure, and uncertainty of our leaders. Our national budget priorities, civil rights, and freedom of the press are all threatened by the resurgence of nationalism still sweeping the nation. At such a perilous time, this issue of Health & Social Work represents a kind of time capsule of the spectrum of challenges social workers faced in 2001, before September 11. The articles highlight rapidly changing human needs that place social work in relation to the epicenter of our society's new vulnerabiities in 2002. They remind us of the profession's challenges for the long haul. While our attention was elsewhere, subterranean cataclysms occurred in the form of dramatic changes in health care institutions, delivery systems, and health security itself. Migration and economic hardship have caused social dislocation of major population groups. Practitioners face new demands brought about by new diseases, unprecedented family stresses, emerging information technologies, and the commodification of social care. The substance of social workers' concerns is remarkably enduring, always near the center, but rarely among our nation's top priorities. ORGANIZATIONAL POSITIONING AND CHANGE Change was a hallmark of health care delivery organizations in the 1990s. Globerman and Bogo note that, like most bureaucratic organizations, hospitals have morphed from traditional "silotype hierarchical functional departments headed by directors and managed by supervisors" into "programmatic operational structures" devoid of discipline-specific leaders. Many social workers are now supervised by program managers with generalist backgrounds rather than by social workers with clinical skills. According to Globerman and Bogo, another challenge of organizational flux is that professions need new ways to maintain discipline-specific and performance-based accountability. …


Present study reveals the effects of microcystin-LR (2.5 μg/25g bw) toxins on certain biochemical parameters in blood of H. fossilis. In treated fish serum bilirubin, serum cholesterol, serum creatinine and serum urea levels are increased. Serum protein content of treated fish is decreased. Present study suggests that MCLR is toxic to fresh water catfish Heteropneustes fossilis.


Motivation for work is one of the central and most important factors of work behaviour, which is important not only from the point of view of efficiency, productivity of workers and their behaviour at work in general, but from the point of view of safety of workers. As recent studies have shown, work motivation more or less indirectly affects and contributes to overall satisfaction and psycho-physical health of workers. Motivation is almost analogously studied by scientific disciplines like work management, occupational psychology, occupational sociology, ergonomics, etc. The motivation for occupational safety is just one of the aspects of occupational motivation. Understanding safe working conditions is a complex process which includes specific individual motivation for occupational safety, management of a working process and wider work culture. The topic of the research that we present in this paper is motivation for occupational safety, or the influence of biological, social, psychological and work management factors on motivation for occupational safety in real working conditions and on real individuals. By researching complex phenomena of motivation for occupational safety we shall determine motive hierarchy and factors in our social and organizational conditions which affect worker motivation for occupational safety.


For investigating restriction in the use of computer modeling results without adjusting them with measured data, this study analyzed and compared microclimatic aspects and human thermal sensation between in situ measurement and computer modeling using ENVI-met in and around a small urban park of downtown Changwon in May, 2012. In the results, ENVI-met underestimated air temperatures and wind speeds than the measured ones and overestimated relative humidities. In the radiation analysis, ENVI-met overestimated solar radiation from the sky hemisphere and terrestrial radiation from the ground hemisphere and underestimated terrestrial radiation from the sky hemisphere. Also, the differences of mean radiant temperatures with the measured ones reached up to 19.6°C which could create an 1.2 PMV difference. ENVI-met overestimated up to 2.3 PMV and 4°C UTCI at 12:00. The difference was shown clearly in PMV than in UTCI. Therefore, when computer modeling is used in urban microclimate and human thermal sensation (comfort) studies the modeling results should be compared with measured data and adjusted adequately to adopt the results to urban and landscape planning and design.


Background : Initiation of breast-feeding within hour of birth is very crucial.Except human other mammalian species start immediate breast feeding of their newborn. Human delays the breast feeding from hours to days. it is also known that even human babies can start breast feeding on their own like the young ones of the animals .Every newborn, when placed on her mother's abdomen, soon after birth, it havethe capability to find her mother's breast all on her own &to decide when to take the first breast feed this is known as breast crawl. These advantages not only protect mothers health in several ways, also benefits whole family, emotionally and economically.Methods:    A prospective cohort observation study done on 200 research cases & similarly control cases were selected from full term newborn babies delivered vaginally, in Dr. B.R.AmbedkarMemorial.Hospital. andpt JNM medical college Raipur (C.G.). Results : Out of 200 full term babies, 166 babies able to successfully crawl within in 50 min. Out of 166 breast crawl mothers–(1) 95.% mothers had early expulsion of placenta. (2) 96% mothers had decrease in uterine size. (3) 100% breast crawl mothers were satisfied. (4) 93% mother had no anemia in post partum period of same pregnancy.Conclusions:This is new research study in India so far. Breast crawl has very beneficial effect on health of mother by preventing postpartum hemorrhages, anemia, breast feeding failure & sense of wellbeing.


Individuals' physiological response to anxiety and stress can be debilitating, both emotionally and physically. Tools and techniques that can help in identifying maladaptive physiological responses to stress and anxiety in children can provide the early identification and treatment needed to obviate later psychological or medical pathology. Factor analytic studies of the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale-RCMAS (Reynolds & Richmond, 1978) have identified a factor which was subsequently named the "physiological" subscale (Reynolds & Paget, 1981). However, the degree to which this subscale measures physiological concomitants of anxiety has not been ascertained. The present study evaluated the concurrent validity of this subscale through a multitrait, multimethod analysis (Campbell, 1960; Campbell & Fiske, 1959) of behavioral ratings of anxiety/somatic complaints, depression and aggression as rated by the parents and teachers for each of the eighty males involved in the study. The results indicated a lack of both convergent and discriminant validity for the RCMAS Physiological subscale. An over-whelming degree of method variance was observed in the behavioral ratings.


Among various gastric carcinoma diagnosis including upper gastrointestinal radiography, computed tomography (CT) and angiography, scintigram using isotope, endoscoi:;e method and ultrasonography (US), the only one that gives on harm nor pain to the patient is the ultrasonography. Moreover, the US equipment has been so remarkably improved that a sufficient US diagnosis will be able to provide more useful information than others will. Recently, we performed US on 10 gastric carcinoma patients and diagnosed invasion of carcinoma into gastric wall and other organs and its lymphatic and hepatic metastasis. The information thus obtained was very useful in determining the presence of operative indication and the operational method. This fact led us to consider US the first choice of examination methods, as reported hereunder.


In my position as a tissue viability nurse specialist I am often seen as the 'expert' by both patients and nursing staff. One definition of an expert is 'a person with special knowledge or ability who performs skilfully'. It could be suggested that the majority of practitioners who care for patients with wounds on a regular basis are experts, as they are widely recognized as having valuable knowledge in this particular area, and demonstrate the ability to deal with a particular task or problem much more efficiently than most people. But what does the term 'expert' really mean to practitioners and, more importantly, to the patients we deal with on a daily basis?


This thesis had two major study components, Study I
was concerned with an evaluation of educable mentally retarded
children's responses and cognitive processes in hypothetical
temptation to steal situations, whilst Study II examined the
effectiveness of treatment programs in modifying the children's
behaviour in such situations.
Justification for this research emanated from the
problems faced by the community in relationship to stealing.
In Study I the sample, which consisted of 83 eleven
to sixteen year old children, I.Q. 50-75, was randomly selected
from a population of 108 children in special schools in Tasmania.
The children were administered a series of tests including
Jackson's Hypothetical Temptation to Steal Test (JHTST) and
real life temptation measures. The major findings indicated
that there was a significant discrepancy between the children's
resistance responses on the behavioural ('did do') measure
compared to the moral judgement ('should do') measure of the
JHTST. The cognitive operations were analysed in terms of
extrinsic, intrinsic and right/wrong cognitive processes. It
was found that extrinsic yielding processes were used
significantly more than intrinsic processes on both the 'did
do' and 'should do' measures. A significantly greater number
of children used right/wrong resistance processes on the
'did do' measure compared to extrinsic or intrinsic processes.
There was no difference between right/wrong and extrinsic
processes on the 'should do' measure.
As a result of the findings from Study I a treatment
program was designed. An evaluation of this treatment program
constituted the basis for Study II. The treatment derived its
main aspects and content from Jackson's (1968) model of cognitive
processing in hypothetical temptation to steal situations. The
content and format of the treatment owed much to a study done by
Haines, Jackson and Davidson with normal children in 1980.
Study II, which was based on the same population pool
of 108 children Study I drew from, employed a four group design
with one group receiving a direct instruction program (DIP).
A second group, serving as an alternative treatment condition
received a general instruction procedure (GIP), while a third
group (no treatment control) experienced no specific intervention.
The fourth group was a post-only control group employed to test
for sensitization of testing effects.
An analysis of the data from Study II indicated that
the DIP group used both resistance responses and intrinsic
resistance processes significantly more than the GIP and no
treatment control groups on the behavioural measure of the
JHTST. A three month follow-up probe indicated that the gains
made by the DIP group were maintained.
The implications of the study for the prevention of
stealing were considered.


The invention relates to a pneumatic system (901, 902, 903, 904, 905), in particular in the form of an air suspension system for a vehicle for operation with a compressed air supply system (11, 21, 31, 41) is arranged, comprising: - a manifold in the form of a gallery line (95); - at least one air spring with a pressure chamber which is pneumatically connected to the gallery pipe (95), - a memory (92) for compressed air, which is pneumatically connected to the gallery pipe (95), - a compressed air connection (2) for a pneumatic connection to the pneumatic system (901, 902, 903, 904, 905) with the compressed air supply system (11, 21, 31, 41). According to the invention it is provided that the pneumatic connection - a controllable, formed of at least one-way valve block valve assembly (700, 800, 800 ', 900), with a first, second and third terminals (X, Y, Z), wherein - to the first terminal (X) of the memory (92), - to the second terminal (Y) of the compressed air connection (2), and - to the third terminal (Z), the gallery pipe (95) is pneumatically connected, the second terminal (Y) is switchable to a closed state in which the pneumatic connection is bidirectional and fully closed.


Research into sustainable distribution has largely focussed on improving the delivery of products through the supply chain from manufacturer to end customer by developing fundamental understanding of the various supply chain operations at work in urban centres. The logistics activities associated with the return of damaged, unsold or returned consumer products back up the supply chain, and the consolidation, handling and disposal of waste products that may result, is becoming of increasing interest in the drive to reduce costs and maximise efficiency within the distribution sector. With the introduction of the EC Directives on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) (2002/96/EC), the Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances (RoHS) in Electrical and Electronic Equipment (2002/95/EC), and Packaging and Packaging Waste (94/62/EC), the onus is on retailers and manufacturers to reduce their waste output and better manage their respective logistics operations in this area by participating in specific waste take-back schemes. The need to effectively manage product returns as part of the supply chain process has become more pronounced since the introduction of the Directive on Distance Contract (97/7/EC), which stipulates that anyone who makes a purchase via the Internet, telephone, fax or mail order is able to change their mind during a 'cooling-off' period of seven working days after the goods have been received with no explanation for their return being required. Under this backdrop of increasingly liberal returns policies coupled with a 'throw away' consumer culture, the extent to which product returns contribute to increasing waste and recyclate generation needs to be explored. With a variety of centralised and decentralised supply chain mechanisms being employed to service retailers, there is potential scope for co-ordinating reverse processes to both reduce collective transport impacts and maximise re-use value from the recyclate generated.


Based on intrafamilial correlations, a component genetic analysis was used to evaluate the contribution made by genetic and environmental factors to variance in body weight and skin fold thickness in children who had various blood pressure. In children with initially elevated and normal blood pressures, the phenotypic variation in the body weight and adipopexia is largely determined by genetic factors, whereas in those with initially lower blood pressure, the phenotypic variation in the above parameters is greatly affected by environmental factors, mainly by those of occasional nature. The findings provide evidence for a differential approach to the primary prevention of hyper- and hypotension in children and adolescents.


This article attempts to provide viral marketeers guidance in terms of an investment level that could help capture some desired <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\gamma $ </tex-math></inline-formula> percentage of the market share by some target time <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$t$ </tex-math></inline-formula> with the desired level of confidence. To do this, we first introduce a generalized diffusion model for social networks. A distance-dependent random graph is then considered as a model for the underlying social network, which we use to analyze the proposed diffusion model. Using the fact that vertices degrees have an almost Poisson distribution in distance-dependent random networks, we then provide a lower bound on the probability of the event that the time it takes for an idea (or a product, campaign, disease, and so on) to dominate a prespecified <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\gamma $ </tex-math></inline-formula> percentage of a social network (denoted by <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R_\gamma $ </tex-math></inline-formula>) is smaller than some preselected target time <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$t > 0$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, i.e., we find a lower bound on the probability of the event <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\{R_\gamma \leq t\}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Simulation results performed over a wide variety of networks, including random and real world, are then provided to verify that our bound indeed holds in practice. The Kullback–Leibler divergence measure is used to evaluate the performance of our lower bound over these groups of networks, and as expected, we note that for networks that deviate more from the Poisson degree distribution, our lower bound weakens. In the case where absolute/full domination of the market-share is desired, under the linear threshold diffusion model, a particular case of our generalized diffusion model, an upper bound on the size of the seed set is derived, and a selection algorithm is developed to show its tightness. This is also extended to the partial market-share situation.


The milk of small ruminants such as goats is of particular economic interest in the developing countries. The production of this type of milk has to be a useful strategy to tackle the problems of under nutrition (Haenlein, 2004). Although the world production of goat milk has been relatively minor compared to that of bovine milk (2.1% versus 84.6% of the total milk production, respectively), the worldwide goat population has reached 758 million


At the moment that Daniel was shot, I had just fallen asleep after a night on call in the cardiac intensive care unit. My attending during that rotation was Robert Gerszten, who offered us insights from the burgeoning field of metabolomics and cardiovascular disease: that alterations in levels of blood metabolites may precede chronic illnesses by decades — knowledge that might someday enable us to identify people at risk for diseases years before the first clinical manifestation. Contemplating the possibilities of this concept, caring for critically sick patents, and studying the vast cardiology literature, I found my mind filled with . . .


The study of the courses described in Curriculum '68 and the possibility o f modifying and/or updating this report has been of major concern for over two years. I feel that I can safely use the two year criteria since I responded to a Curriculu m Committee on Computer Science (C 3 S) committee assignment on November 2, 1972 concernin g the specifics needed to update Curriculum '68. In my November, 1972 letter, I listed ten courses which I felt needed attention. My concluding comments were to the effect that the bibliographies should be updated , several courses may need reorganization, some should be deleted from the core wit h others substituted, and several courses needed expanding and others needed to he spli t to form two or more new courses. In January, 1973 I submitted a C 3 S proposal concerning three alternate routes on e could take through Curriculum '68 with an emphasis on the mathematics requirements fo r each of the alternatives. Work in this area has continued and new guidelines are likel y to appear in the near future. The above comments were made in order to "set the stage" for an analysis of th e software courses in Curriculum '68. There are at least nine (9) courses in Curriculum '68 which can be said to b e software oriented. Only three of these courses are truly concerned with software i n depth. The following is a listing of the nine courses and a brief description of som e of the problem areas : l.. Computers and Programming (B2)-This course may be too ambitiou s for this level and possibly should be split into two courses i n order to allow maximum depth and practical experience into all areas. 2. Data Structures (11)-Many areas in this course could be properl y put into an introductory information storage and retrieval course. Another possibility is to have an internal data structures cours e and an external data structures course. 3. Programming Languages (12)-This course title means differen t things to almost everyone with whom you discuss it. To some it i s a survey of different programming (high level) languages, to others , it is similar to the Curriculum '68 description or all variation s between the two concepts. There is possibly a need for both type s of courses and the titles of the course should reflect …


In this article, we study the diachronic (re)construction of repeated WWII-testimonies. Specifically, we
 scrutinize how shifting master narratives in the social context may affect how stories are told in a particular time and place. We
 selected testimonies by two Belgian concentration camp survivors – one Flemish and one Walloon – who both wrote down their story
 twice, namely in 1946 and 1985. By comparing the "same" diachronically dispersed stories – thus addressing the temporal
 dimension – and the differences in the narrators' regional background – thus incorporating the spatial dimension – we study how
 overlapping and differing storytelling environments influenced the narratives' construction. In the analyses, we adopt an
 interactional-sociolinguistic approach to illustrate the storytelling environments' influence upon the story formulations and the
 relativity of what is presented as the "truth", since the narrators continuously adjusted their stories and identities to fit with
 the ever-evolving storytelling context.


Student panel of juniors and seniors with diverse majors (English, Biochemistry and Chemistry, History of Art, Public Policy and Sociology) discuss their internship experiences. An LSA Academic Advisor discusses how students might identify their strengths, interests and values, what they hope to learn from an internship, and the steps needed to procure an internship and receive academic credit through LSA. Learn about internship opportunities offered through the Career Center, the Office of International Programs, and other UM Departments. Videotaped and edited by Caleb Newman.


The Hispano-Philippine style of ivory sculpture production in colonial Manila is almost synonymous with the growth of Spain's global empire from the sixteenth century onward. These sculptures have been studied by historians and art critics alike in terms of Latin American consumer demand, marketability, Catholic devotion and conversion, and "Chineseness," among other veins of inquiry. Common across these investigations is discussion of the significance of Chinese immigrants within the Spanish colony, who have been consistently identified as the creators of these sculptures. One community of artisans important to Philippine sculpture-making, however, has been understudied: the native Filipinos of colonial Manila, by far the largest group in the city. Why has the role of native Filipinos, despite being documented as painters and sculptors contemporaneous with the Chinese immigrants, been disregarded in the art-historical record of ivory sculpture production? In this article, I address these "silences" within the Hispano-Philippine sculptural archive by historicizing the sociocultural milieu of colonial Manila, performing visual analysis informed by postcolonial theory, and interrogating commonly referenced sources and narratives, an endeavor I maintain will enable art historians to contextualize these sculptures within a larger imperial, intercultural, and intersubjective framework of artistic creation.


The main task of a business group's financial management is to establish a sound financial control mechanism,the core of which is the arrangement of the financial control right.The financial management system consists of three modes,which are centralization,decentralization and a mix of the two.To decide which mode to use in the financial management system,we should consider many factors including the business group's financial strategy,scope,and management culture.Based on these considerations,we can then choose the relevant financial management mode.


Gemini surfactant is a new kind of surfactant.It has especial molecular structure.The molecule is made up of two amphiphilic moieties covalently connected at the level of the head group by a spacer group.Because of its especial structure,Gemini surfactant has some especial microconfigurations;some special useness such as the pattern plate of some kinds of mesostructure and the segregate function;the Gemini surfactants with different monomer surfactants at a head group have both of the properties of the two monomer surfactants.


Received for publication August' 2006 Purpose: To evaluate non massaging management of congentical and infantile nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Material and Methods: Forty infants were divided in two groups. Group A followed the conventional procedure of massage of lacrimal sac, whereas group B had usual advisable management for the congential nasolacrimal obstruction except the massage of naso lacrimal sac. Both groups were followed for eight months. Results: After eight month followup nasolacrimal obstruction was resolved in 90% of patient in group A and in 95% in group B. 10% of patient in group A and 5% of patient in group B required probing of the nasolacrimal duct. Conclusion: Non massaging management of nasolacrimal obstruction is as effective as massaging of lacrimal sac but it also ovoids certain complications.


When you create a new journal, like ESC Heart Failure, people give you a rather lot of time for development of style and performance. Nowadays, it regularly takes 4–6 years to get recognized in PubMed and then another 1–2 years to obtain an impact factor. That is, when all is going reasonably well. When you take over an established journal, like the European Journal of Heart Failure, people expect fast success or at least visible change. With regard to the look and feel of a journal, editorial style, and communication as well as editorial office performance, it is indeed possible for a new editor-in-chief to give a journal a new style fairly quickly. However, performance markers like the impact factor can only be impacted upon slowly. Marco Metra has been the editor-in-chief of the European Journal of Heart Failure since the end of 2014 with responsibility for all published articles since January 2015. Only slowly can we fully appreciate the impact he has on the flagship journal of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology. And only the 2017 impact factor, which will come out in the summer of 2018, will then fully reflect his work and that of his team. During the last summer, we learned about the 2016 impact factors. The European Journal of Heart Failure strongly recovered from a reduction in impact factor last year and now features an impact factor of 6.968, which is markedly higher than its 2015 impact factor of 5.135, or the 2014 and 2013 impact factors of 6.526 and 6.577, respectively. For external comparison, the 2016 impact factors of JACC-HF, Circulation Heart Failure, and Journal of Cardiac Failure are 8.493, 6.372, and 4.983, respectively. The 2016 impact factor of a journal of interest is based on the 2016 citations anywhere in the International Scientific Indexing recognized journals of papers published in 2014 and 2015 in that journal of interest divided by the number of full papers and reviews published in that journal that year. Journals can, to a small degree, modify the number of papers published. However, fewer papers published means in the future also fewer papers to cite, so the impact of publishing fewer papers is at best short term. Whether we like this or not, the impact factor is key for the external reputation of a journal, and the number of citations to its articles is also key. In order to fully understand what kind of research is cited, reading rakings of best-cited articles can be helpful. In Tables 1, 2, and 3, we list the 30 best-cited articles of the European Journal of Heart Failure related to their respective year of publication; that is, 2014, 2015, and 2016. Of course, there is a time lag between publication and citation, and hence, it is not surprising that, on average, the articles of 2014 are somewhat more cited than those from 2015 or 2016. The 30th best-cited article from 2014 was cited 24 times (Table 1), that of 2015 was cited 20 times (Table 2), and that of 2016 was cited only 11 times (Table 3). Nevertheless, this is not the whole truth. Certain very topical reviews and, in particular, guidelines get cited way out of proportion. The best-cited and second-best-cited articles from 2014 have so far been cited 69 and 52 times, respectively (Table 1), and those of 2015 have so far been cited 85 and 45 times, respectively (Table 2). In contrast, the best-cited and second-best-cited articles published in the European Journal of Heart Failure in 2016 were cited 318 and 81 times, respectively (Table 3). Not surprisingly, these articles are the 2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure and the position statement from the task force on Takotsubo syndrome of the Heart Failure Association. Such articles provide guidance to a broad clinical community but often also form the basis of statements associated with many citations in the medical literature worldwide. To strengthen this point further, in Table 4, we list the 50 best-cited papers published in the European Journal of Heart Failure. The number of citations varies between 1131 (rank 1, 2008 ESC Heart Failure guideline), 719 (rank 2, 2012 ESC Heart Failure guideline), and 505 for the classical heart failure is more 'malignant' than cancer paper of Simon Stewart and colleagues (rank 3) to a paper on serum levels of microRNA in heart failure patients published by Goren et al. and cited 127 ED ITOR IAL


River pollution by pig farm waste and self-purification were investigated at Ishiuchi river in Hiroshima Prefecture. Following results were obtained. 1) BOD value of pig farm waste water discharged to Ishiuchi river was x-=4029 (±2059) ppm. Volumes of discharged waste at point No. 2 were 0.002-0.005m3/sec, and the amounts of flow of Ishiuchi river at point No.2 were 0.03-0.21 m3/sec. Self-purification in this river was consisted of three steps : BOD removal by sedimentation, by biochemical process and oxidation of nitrogen compound. 2) Relationship between the amount of flow and self-purification in the river was observed in strongy polluted area. During the rainy season, effect of BOD removal might be raised as compared with that of draught season. Main factor of this phenomenon might be sedimentation of SS. 3) After the completion of SS sedimentation, self-purification was not affected by the amount of flow of the river. 4) Velocity of the BOD removal especially by biochemical process, which was one of the self-purification process in the river, was accerleated up to show the highest value after almost completed sedimentation of easily precipitable SS in strongly polluted area. 5) It is reasonable that self-purification in the river polluted with organic waste should be considered from the standpoint of oxygen balance. According to this consideration, rate of BOD removal in waste being discharged to Ishiuchi river might be required to be 90%.


This paper investigates the interaction between two rigid spheres and between a rigid sphere and a rigid half-space, based on the Lennard–Jones potential. By using the divergence theorem and integrating the Lennard–Jones potential over the surfaces, the analytical forms of the surface tractions were obtained, and by integrating the Lennard–Jones potential over the volumes, the analytical form of the total force between two rigid spheres was obtained. The results are compared to those with the Derjaguin approximations and with the parabolic approximation for the sphere profile. The accuracy of the Derjaguin approximation and the parabolic approximation were estimated. The analytical surface traction can be used for the adhesive contact between an elastic body and a rigid one.


Here we present the results of residue–residue contact predictions achieved in CASP11 by the CONSIP2 server, which is based around our MetaPSICOV contact prediction method. On a set of 40 target domains with a median family size of around 40 effective sequences, our server achieved an average top‐L/5 long‐range contact precision of 27%. MetaPSICOV method bases on a combination of classical contact prediction features, enhanced with three distinct covariation methods embedded in a two‐stage neural network predictor. Some unique features of our approach are (1) the tuning between the classical and covariation features depending on the depth of the input alignment and (2) a hybrid approach to generate deepest possible multiple‐sequence alignments by combining jackHMMer and HHblits. We discuss the CONSIP2 pipeline, our results and show that where the method underperformed, the major factor was relying on a fixed set of parameters for the initial sequence alignments and not attempting to perform domain splitting as a preprocessing step. Proteins 2016; 84(Suppl 1):145–151. © 2015 The Authors. Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Objective:To explore physical diagnostics teaching method and improve teaching quality.Methods:This article summarized some aspects in details about how to improve the teaching quality of physical diagnostics,including emphasizing the importance,combining theory and practice,harmonizing the relationship of teacher,student and patient,enriching teaching methods,reforming examination method and so on.One hundred and sixty college students were investigated by filling out questionnaires for evaluation of teaching effect.Results:The results of questionnaires showed that the physical diagnostics teaching reform had been well accepted by students.Conclusions:The teaching quality could be improved by emphasising the importance of physical diagnostics teaching and applicating various teaching modes.


A letter from a pediatrician responding to comments on an earlier publication about breast feeding and the infant formula industry acknowledges the importance of having adequate preparations available for infants who for any reason cannot be breast fed. But some continuing advertising and marketing practices of the infant formula industry along with inappropriate maternity ward routines and sociocultural changes are jeopardizing the practice of breast feeding in rich and poor countries alike. The World Health Organization and UNICEF estimate that nutritional infectious and diarrheal diseases are more prevalent today than 20 years ago and that abandonment of breast feeding is a factor in at least 1 million infant deaths each year. The nutritional problems caused by abandonment of breast feeding are not as drastic in developed countries but some protections against allergies and infections are lost as are the emotional bonding between the mother and infant. Furthermore in developed countries the least advantaged groups are the least likely to breast feed. The World Health Organization General Assembly in 1974 called attention to the decline of breast feeding and requested member nations to promulgate laws regulating advertising and marketing of infant formula. A global campaign by health organizations and citizens groups led to adoption by the World Health Organization in 1981 of an international code for marketing of milk substitutes. Various countries have subsequently adopted its measures at least in part. Despite the code bottle feeding continues to become more prevalent. A Spanish decree of 1992 established regulations for the wording and illustrations on infant formula containers and in advertising. A statement indicating the relative superiority of mothers milk is required and advertising of infant formulas is restricted to scientific publications. The wording may not imply that bottle feeding is equivalent to breast feeding. Advertising at points of sale distribution of samples and similar activities directed toward the consumer are prohibited. Health administrators are given responsibility for assuring that information on infant feeding provided to pregnant women and families is objective and coherent and for limiting use of artificial preparations to infants requiring them. The World Health Organization/UNICEF August 1990 meeting established as goals for 1995 the establishment of multisectorial national committees on breast feeding the guarantee that all maternity wards would establish routines support of breast feeding the promulgation of measures to put into practice all articles of the international code for marketing of milk substitutes and the approval of laws to protect the practice of breast feeding by working women. Although Spains new legislation is an important step much remains to be done.


This paper describes various examples of organic reactions carried out in high-temperature water (HTW) that have been performed at the University of Nottingham using either batch-type reactors or continuous-flow systems. Homogeneously and heterogeneously catalyzed partial oxidations of aromatic compounds, in situ hydrogenations, heterocyclic reactions, hydrolysis (HYD), saponification (SAP), and deuteration reactions are presented.


A solution of the least-squares two-dimensional phase-unwrapping problem is presented that is simpler to understand and implement than previously published solutions. It extends the phase function to a periodic function using a mirror reflection, and the resulting equation is solved using the Fourier transform. >


Objectives:  Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are frequently associated with erectile dysfunction (ED) in aged men, and both significantly influence quality of life. However, the mechanism linking LUTS to ED has not been clarified completely. The purpose of the present study was to establish an animal model of ED following LUTS/bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and investigate the expression of molecules related to the cause of this type of ED.


www.PRSJournal.com 676 I within the study reported in this issue by Lu and colleagues1 are several related assumptions: that idiopathic common peroneal neuropathy can occur and be identified in the absence of reproducible, experimental, objective verification; that this subset of common peroneal neuropathy progresses to foot drop; and that this progression can be prevented with a surgical procedure. Let us explore whether the evidence in this article supports these assumptions. The authors made the diagnosis of common peroneal neuropathy in anyone with a combination of (1) positive provocative test at the fibular neck and (2a) pain at the knee, lateral leg, or dorsal foot or (2b) weakness of dorsiflexion. There are two challenges in using these criteria. First, a definition this broad would potentially encompass a number of unrelated conditions, including degenerative disk disease, spinal stenosis, sciatic neuropathy, iliotibial band syndrome, lateral meniscus degeneration, knee arthritis, and nonspecific causes of pain and a sense of weakness. Second, none of the signs and symptoms undergirding the diagnosis can be validated using reproducible, objective measurement, as interpretation of the Tinel sign and slight weakness is unreliable, and the sensory (originally scratch) collapse test—testing shoulder external rotation after brushing the air next to the fibular neck—is at best subjective and unverifiable.2 We fear that these criteria will lead to the overdiagnosis of idiopathic common peroneal neuropathy, potentially exposing a large number of patients to what might be unnecessary surgery. The broad impact of overdiagnosis might be mitigated if we knew that the procedure was reliable and enduringly beneficial. However, relief of symptoms was inconsistent, incomplete, and perhaps temporary in light of the fact that one patient underwent a second release 3 years later. This degree of symptom relief resembles what one might expect based on nonspecific effects such as the tendency of symptoms to regress to the mean, the self-limiting course of many conditions (nonspecific conditions in particular), and a person's inherent internal physiologic ability to relieve or adapt to symptoms (i.e., meaning/context effects, such as placebo and nocebo). It is disappointing that a control group was not part of the data presented in this article. There is no mention of attempts to account for bias, and those reporting the data are promotors of the concept. It feels like marketing and persuasion when the authors include patients with distinct traumatic/iatrogenic cause and clear electrodiagnostic abnormality along with patients with suspected idiopathic common peroneal neuropathy who have no objectively measurable abnormality. The fact that 12 percent of patients had preexisting sciatic neuropathy or lumbar radiculopathy, and 43 percent of patients underwent additional nerve releases, further confounds interpretation of outcomes. We know that surgery involves risk—iatrogenic, financial, and psychological—but without a randomized controlled trial, including, when outcomes are subjective, a simulated surgery arm, we cannot know that there is true benefit. It strikes us as presumptuous to suggest that surgery prevents foot drop on the basis of theory and anecdote alone. We have no doubt that these esteemed authors want to relieve symptoms and prevent progression of disease. Nonetheless, their diagnostic and treatment paradigm requires further validation. Otherwise, we are merely speculating on what is effective and necessary in


The problem of finding Effective Sample Size (ESS) in Phase II clinical trials where toxicity and efficacy are the two components of the treatment response vector is considered. In particular, one of the components is assumed to be binary and the other is assumed to be continuous. The case of binary safety and continuous efficacy is studied for different prior distributions under different set up. Theoretical expressions are obtained in various situations. The methods are evaluated and compared by simulation studies. The proposed method is then illustrated by using some real life data on a phase II vaccine trial for Covid‐19.


Multiscale correlative tomography: an investigation of creep cavitation in 316 stainless steel Journal Item How to cite: Slater, T. J. A.; Bradley, R. S.; Bertali, G.; Geurts, R.; Northover, S. M.; Burke, M. G.; Haigh, S. J.; Burnett, T. L. and Withers, P. J. (2017). Multiscale correlative tomography: an investigation of creep cavitation in 316 stainless steel. Scientific Reports, 7(1), article no. 7332.


Objective
To investigate the methodology and feasibility of an anatomic survey of fetal limbs in the first trimester.

Methods
In this study, 533 normal fetus and 6 fetal corpse without limb abnormalities form June 2011 to August 2012 underwent an anatomic survey on the limbs in our consultation center. The limbs were scanned using a systematic continuous sequence approach: (1) Displaying upper arm and humerus, forearms and radius/ulna, hands in proximal to distal direction. (2) The thigh and femur, crus and tibia/fibula, feet was attempted from the sagittal section of each structure. (3) If the whole limb couldn′t be visualized in a section then the three segments will be demonstrated respectively. The position and movement also should be observed during the scan. Data were collected regarding gestation age, examining time and the structures.

Results
The limbs except toes of 533 normal fetus were clearly observed, which was completely unaffected by gestational age, with the mean time of scanning is 98.6±37.4 s (rang: 36-189 s). The structures (including upper arms and humerus, forearms ,radius and ulna, hands, thigh and femur, crus and tibia, fibula, feet) of fetal limbs were clearly observed on the 6 fetal corpse, but the ossification center of fingers were steadily visualized until 13 weeks and toes after 13 weeks.

Conclusions
Scanning fetal limbs in the first trimester were feasible by a systematic continuous sequence approach in a short period of time.

Key words:
Ultrasonography, prenatal; Fetal; Limbs; First trimester


This study aimed at revealing the caregiving challenges of the caregivers of people with dementia (PwD) during the COVID‐19 pandemic when daycare service was stopped as an infection control measure, and discussed ways to help PwD and their family caregivers to maintain their well‐being in the era of the pandemic.


The generalized computational model for calculation of complex technical object parameters when solving the problem of monitoring and their functioning control has been realized. The model has the following features: realization in the context of calculations of subdefinite expansion of parameters values based on assignment function and availability of consideration objects structural dynamics


Digital holographic interferometry at long infrared wavelengths allows monitoring large deformations of space reflectors during vacuum-thermal testing. We present different optical schemes and an application to the complex case of elliptic reflector.


With sodamide in formamide, o-cyanobenzyl cyanide dimerises in the two ways possible: it also adds formamide to yield 1-amino-3-formamidoisoquinoline (2). Each dimer undergoes cycloisomerisation: thus 1-amino-3-o-cyanobenzyl-4-cyanoisoquinoline (5a) and 6,11-diamino-12-cyanobenzo[c]phenanthridine (9) were isolated. o-Cyanobenzyl cyanide with sodium methoxide afforded (5a) very slowly in methanol but much more rapidly in dimethyl sulphoxide–methanol.


This study aims to find out how much benefit the influence of the internet and motivation on the results of the completion of class X assignments on the basic subjects of graphic design. As for the type of research used is associative correlational research between quantitative approaches. The population in this research is addressed to multimedia class X students as many as 30 students. Data collected using a questionnaire method that has been compiled with documentation. The data collection techniques in the study used slake likert, namely by giving questionnaires to students of class X Multimedia at SMK N 3 Aceh Barat Daya as respondents in this study. Questionnaires and instruments are arranged on the basis of indicators that have been determined in this research. Research results indicate: 1). There is a positive influence between the use of the internet on the results of the completion of assignments in the multimedia X class whose count value tcount> ttable (3,809> 1,697) contributes 34.1% 2). There is a positive and significant influence on learning motivation towards the results of task completion in the X class multimedia students whose tcount> ttable (3,918> 1,697) contributes 35.1% and 3). there was a simultaneous influence between the use of the internet and learning motivation on the results of the task completion of the f count value (13,824> 2,292) giving a contribution of 50.6%. Keywords: Internet Utilization, Learning Motivation, and Results of Completing assgnments


Vessel walls are the primary inflammatory sites in systemic vasculitides. In most cases the initiating event is unknown, and a self‐sustaining circuit attracts and activates inflammatory leucocytes in the wall of vessels of various size and anatomical characteristics. Recent studies have revealed homeostatic roles of vascular inflammation and have identified the action of humoral innate immunity, in particular injury‐associated signals and acute phase proteins, on the activation of circulating leucocytes, platelets and endothelial cells. These advances have provided clues to the molecular mechanisms underlying the vicious circle that maintains and amplifies vessel and tissue injury.


Five years ago I wrote a booklet bearing the title of this ar ticle, which, although written in a scholarly style and not easy reading, reached a wide audience.1 It reached a wide audience and was eagerly read not only in specialized circles, but also by "the man in the street." Looking back at the publication, I find in it at least two im portant shortcomings. For the first one I do not feel responsible, for it is the simple fact that my publication has become old very quickly, so that it could not be reprinted now as it is. In the intervening years since its appearance, two important changes have taken place concerning Roman Catholic thought on religious liberty. First, the Catholic trend in favor of religious liberty has very rapidly increased, both in volume and in depth, in such a way that I could no longer say, as I wrote five years ago, that the favorable tendency concerning religious liberty was repre sented by a minority of Catholic theologians. Moreover, and this is the second change, the theological formulation of the Catholic arguments in favor of religious liberty has substantially improved in these last years and shows a remarkable maturity which contrasts with the tentative and, in some cases, rather awkward developments reported in my booklet. For the second shortcoming of my publication I do feel very much responsible, the more so since it was made intentionally. In fact one can read in the Preface that my intention was to in vestigate only one Roman Catholic theory concerning religious liberty, namely that which considers freedom of religions as es sentially linked with the Christian spirit. This being so it is obvious that the investigation of the Roman Catholic thought contrary to religious liberty as well as the analysis of the Roman Catholic practice in this matter were automatically excluded from the study. The reason for this was a very practical one: I intended to write only a short booklet, some kind of a mono


This paper presents the major results of a study for the American Cancer Society on cigarette smoking among teen-age girls and young women, and findings relevant to the prevention aLd quitting of smoking. The four lajor trends found in this study are: (1) a dramatic increase in cigarette smoking among females; (2) an intellectual auareness of the dangers of smoking; (3) belief in an all-pervasive smoking environment; and (4) growth and acceptance of the "New Values" generated by college students of the 1960's. In its efforts to break down the myth of an extensive smoking society and to utilze the positive elements of the "New Values," the study presents the following lisc of findings which can be used in an antismoking campaign: (1) Teen-age smokers are more sophisticated than nonsmokers; (2) Smoking is not identified with rebelliousness; (3) Peer relationships are a dominant factor in smoking; (4) Antissoking education needs to begin at an earlier grade level than supposed; (4) Young women smokers express a high need for independence; 5) Working women smoke less than housewives; (6) Identification with the women's movemeht does not encourage smoking; (7) Pregnancy only causes a cutback in smoking; (8) Children are ess militant than formerly in their effeets to curb smoking among their parents; and (9) Light smokers can quit more easily than heavy smokers. The study indicates there is a definite potential for getting females to quit. but more emphasis must be placed on the nonaddictive qualities of smoking in antismcking campaigns. (HIM)


This paper proposes a reconfigurable architecture for the implementation of real-time vision systems on FPGA. The architecture is composed of a library of components that can be used to perform several image processing and vision tasks. Components can be organized in one or more processing pipelines. A full frame or part of the frame can be buffered during the process to allow region-based operations that are commonly used in various vision algorithms. The functionality of the architecture is verified by implementing an algorithm for detecting ripe tomatoes in a greenhouse. The algorithm is implemented using both Matlab and the proposed architecture. An image set composed of 1511 images captured using the proposed architecture is used for testing. The results show that hardware implementation using the proposed architecture introduces a comparable accuracy with a very significant savings in processing time.


Aim and Objective: The main aim of this study is to analyse whether COVID 19 can spread through pet animals to humans Background and Discussion: Coronavirus belongs to the RNA group of family viruses Coronaviruses can cause cold-like illness in people and some might cause illnesses in certain animals Certain viruses like canine and feline coronavirus affect or infect only animals and do not infect humans Certain coronavirus which infects animals can sometimes spread to humans This caused an impact on the current issue of the outbreak of COVID-19 COVID 19 spreads primarily from person to person but also there's a chance that it might spread from people to animals or vice versa Certain studies show that people who are infected but don't have symptoms most likely play a role in the spread of coronavirus The risk of animals spreading COVID-19 to people is considered to be low severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome are some examples of disease caused by a coronavirus Conclusion: This review discussed the nature of COVID-19 viral spread through domestic pet animals and there is no evidence to suggest that any animals including pets or livestock can spread COVID infection to people © IJCRR


Prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis has been in widespread use for a decade, and access to it has been determined by medical attitudes towards what constitutes "high risk", and by pragmatic questions about the logistics of delivering a new diagnostic test to as many couples as costs will allow. The most common indication — advanced maternal age — has led to different access criteria in various parts of Australia. Factors such as socioeconomic status, education, and religion affect the acceptance of prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis from the point of view both of patients and of the doctors who care for them. Cost‐benefit analyses conducted elsewhere indicate that, in purely monetary terms, it is probable that prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis is cost‐effective if offered to all couples in which the woman is over the age of 32 years. An assessment of the impact of prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis on the birth incidence of major chromosomal abnormalities, particulary Down's syndrome, indicates that the maximum reduction which might be achieved in current practice is 30%.


The author describes the aircraft used by the military in disaster relief work and their capabilities and the impact of the introduction of the Caribou. (non-author abstract)


Waḥdat al-wujud is a doctrine that believes in the ultimate form of God. While the universe is believed as a shadow that totally depends on the Creator (Ḥaqq Ta'âlâ). Waḥdat al-wujud is one of the most inciting topics debated by Muslim scholars in the middle time of Islam. The opponents of waḥdat al-wujud has used to accuse it as heresy. They consider waḥdat al-wujud as theologically rooted from Zoroastrianism, Hinduism, Platonism and Neoplatonism. The opponents of waḥdat al-wujud generally come from "literal-minded" theologians. They tend to understand the Qur'an and ḥadith in its outward meaning. Whereas the inner meaning has abundantly been contained in the Qur'an. This paper is an effort to analyze some verses of the Qur'an by using ta'wil (esoteric analysis) and to some extent is a reflection on Syamsuddin al-Sumatrani's teaching. In the end, this paper argues that although literally term of waḥdat al-wujud does not exist in the Qur'an, however, the analysis shows that the teaching of waḥdat al-wujud is definitely rooted in the Qur'an.


Owing to the high risk of fishery reciprocal insurance and the practice of foreign fishery production,developing fishery reciprocal insurance is of enormous significance.Because fishery insurance of our country develops slowly and has a single and limited coverage in the practice,and incomplete system structure,fishery reciprocal insurance has so far not been included in the policy-oriented agricultural insurance and lacks legal guarantee.So it is the right choice to extend fishery reciprocal insurance's reach,establish national security system,develop reinsurance business and bring fishery insurance into the policy-oriented agricultural insurance.


Journal Compilation © 2020 Acta Dermato-Venereologica. doi: 10.2340/00015555-3528 A 62-year-old male farmer presented with fever, rapidly increasing dyspnoea, headache and papules on the face and neck (Fig. 1). The centre of some of the lesions was umbilicated (Fig. 1A, B, arrows). His medical history included ischaemic heart disease, requiring a heart transplant in 2016, that was treated with tacrolimus 1.6 mg/day, everolimus 0.5 mg/day and prednisone 5 mg/day. In 1985, the patient had Hodgkin lymphoma, which was treated with radiation therapy and chemotherapy. A cutaneous biopsy was taken of a papule on the neck (Fig. 1C).


In this paper, the authors introduce the Orlicz spaces corresponding to the Young function and, by virtue of the equivalent theorem between the modified K-functional and modulus of smoothness, establish the direct, inverse, and equivalent theorems for linear combinations of modified summation operators of integral type in the Orlicz spaces.


The article analyzes some characteristics of the nowadays development of health policies, referring to the phases of the process of elaboration of public policies in health, to the new public management and to some characteristics that limit the reform process such as incrementalism, uncertainty and limited rationality theory. Also, it talks about deciding systems with closed structures, or about the limited capacity of the policy to reform the institutions, the windows of opportunity or sectoriality of the health policies.


Let d ≥ 1 be an integer and Kd be a contravariant functor from the category of subgroups of (Z/2Z)d to the category of graded and finite F2-algebras. In this paper, we generalize the conjecture of G. Carlsson [C3], concerning free actions of (Z/2Z)d on finite CW-complexes, by suggesting, that if Kd is a Gysin-(Z/2Z) d-functor (that is to say, the functor Kd satisfies some properties, see 2.2), then we have: ( Cd ) : ∑ i≥0 dimF2 ( Kd(0) )i ≥ 2 We prove this conjecture for 1 ≤ d ≤ 3 and we show that, in certain cases, we get an independent proof of the following results (for d = 3 see [C4]): If the group (Z/2Z)d, 1 ≤ d ≤ 3, acts freely and cellularly on a finite CW-complex X, then ∑ i≥0 dimF2H i(X; F2) ≥ 2 d.


We investigate photoconductive terahertz (THz) emitters compatible with 1550 nm excitation for THz time-domain spectroscopy (TDS). The emitters are based on rhodium (Rh) doped InGaAs grown by molecular beam epitaxy. InGaAs:Rh exhibits a unique combination of ultrashort trapping time, high electron mobility, and high resistivity. THz emitters made of InGaAs:Rh feature an emitted THz power of 637 μW at 28 mW optical power and 60 kV/cm electrical bias field. In particular for a fiber coupled photoconductive emitter, this is an outstanding result. When these emitters are combined with InGaAs:Rh based receivers in a THz TDS system, 6.5 THz bandwidth and a record peak dynamic range of 111 dB can be achieved for a measurement time of 120 s.


In this paper an adaptive filter based channel estimation framework is introduced for large MIMO systems. The adaptive algorithms used are Least Mean Square (LMS) and Recursive Least Square (RLS). The system model considered is Centralised Antenna System (CAS). The convergence performance of both LMS and RLS based channel estimation is simulated and the computational complexity of each algorithm is computed. The convergence performance of LMS adaptive channel estimation w.r.t varying step size is studied and similarly the convergence performance of RLS adaptive channel estimation w.r.t varying forgetting factor and regularisation factor is studied.


Thermal Infrared cameras have a unique set of capabilities that enables them to see and capture images in situations where vision is severely obscured, including dark, shade, and foggy conditions. Conversion of TIR image to visible spectrum makes them more interpretable, but automating transformation is a challenging task as it requires estimation of both chrominance and luminance for each pixel, posing the need for a more complex model that is capable of capturing higher-level semantics of a TIR image to generate a perceptually realistic RGB image. The use of Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (cGANs) is proposed with a combination of content and adversarial losses to tackle this problem. The proposed cGAN uses a U-Net auto-encoder network as generator, and a patch based discriminator for adversarial training. The cGAN learns the most effective loss function during training, producing state-of-the-art perceptually realistic outputs. Qualitative and quantitative analyses show that our approach outperforms existing methods.


Wherein a rubber component of the weight average particle diameter of 0.05 to 0.3 m (a), linear expansion coefficient 11 × The resin component of the acetone-soluble (B) 40 to 80 wt% (however, (A) + (B) = 100 wt%), And it comprises a coloring agent (C), and (1) a resin component of the acetone-soluble (B) is a component derived from an unsaturated nitrile monomer include from 6.0 to 45 wt%, and (2) gel permeation chromatography (GPC) molecular weight 70,000 following components by measuring is contained 2 to 20 wt% in the resin component of the acetone-soluble (B), A unpainted housing using a molded article made of thermoplastic resin composition (D), L * value conforming to JIS K7105 of the housing 13 or less, gloss 60 to 120% 30 to the haze 90%, the unpainted casing.


Matter wave interferometers are used today as high precision inertial sensors. Inertial sensors are sensitive to gravitational waves. We have already calculated their sensitivity (Delva et al. 2006). Here we recall some of the results that have been obtained and we present an original idea for gravitational wave detection based upon matter wave cavities.


The effect of interface roughness and island scattering on resonant tunneling time in double‐barrier structures is investigated theoretically. The scattering process degrades the resonant tunneling peak current, broadens the resonance, and hence shortens the resonant tunneling time. For thin barrier structures, the tunneling time enhancement due to the scattering is relatively small, while the resonance width is dominated by the scattering for thick barrier samples.


Anthropological thoughts in a theoretical level provide for us a most fundamental starting point of logic or context in understanding the ecological civilization.We would place the ecological civilization into an unrooted state without it.It is by the starting point of logic that we can see clearly that the so-called and uncertain concept of culture or civilization,accurately,has its structure on a whole.In other words,any civilization is made up of technological,sociological,and ideological systems,according to Leslie A.White's cultural anthropology.This structure,as an outcome,has been achieved gradually with long-term human activities to survive to develop.And interactions within the contents in culture or civilization have always promoted the development of human civilizations.The term "ecological" in the "ecological civilization",as a definition,indicates that the ideological system of it has changed fundamentally.This change,ultimately,will increase the tendency of ecologication of human civilization.The core of ecological civilization is to construct a kind of cultural pattern and a kind of developmental mode which are based on the maintenance and development of diversity of both nature and culture.Given the anthropological perspective,two current viewpoints of the ecological civilization are corrected because in this study there are some obvious deviations in recognition which are derived from some researchers' ignorance of the fundamental significance of culture or civilization in the ecological civilization.


Hehner's proposal that predicates can be interchanged with programs and specifications [Z] is a good one, but there are older methods that allow us to do that without the " technical difficulties " he notes in his paper. This correspond.ence discusses those difficulties and advises on the use of other approaches to support predica-tive programming. The ability io interchange predicates on the values of state variables with programs or specifications is a consequence of two well-known facts: (1) The beh,avior of a program may be described by a set of ordered pairs (x, y) where x and y are possible states of the data, and it is possible for the program to stop in state y after being started in state x. The set of ordered pairs defines a relation, and this approach has been called relational semantics. It has been used by many authors, among them, Majster [3], de Bruijn [l], and Meyer [a]. For the deterministic programs that we usually encounter, the relation is a function. That case has been discussed extensively by Mills [5, 61, Nelson [i'], and others. Mills's papers use functional semantics to provide an elegant description of the ideas of struc-tured program:ming and program verification using the interchangeability of functional specifications and programs. (2) Any set relevant to this discussion can be characterized by a predicate, which is called its characteristic predicate. That predicate may be used to describe the relational semantics of the program. Hehner's nezy semantics (NS) can be understood as a variant on relal'ional semantics (RS). The notation introduced in [2] is a convention for writing the characteristic predicates. However, the interpretation of the predicates under NS is different from the interpretation of those predicates under RS. Let R be the relation associated with a program by RS, then H, the relation associated with a program by NS, is apparently' given by H = R + 1(x, ,y) 1 termination is not guaranteed when the program is started in state x). We can illusirate the difference in interpretation by several examples. In RS, a program that will not terminate when started in state x is denoted by excluding x from the domain of R; in NS, this is denoted by including the pair (x, y) for all data states y. In RS, a program that never terminates would be characterized by the predicate false. In NS, it can only be characterized …


Traveling to heritage sites represents a growing sector with great potential in the context of heritage tourism, which is a relevant topic but has received little scholarly attention. The present study tries to bridge this gap by investigating the mediating role of heritage image and attitudes toward a heritage site in the relationship between user-generated content (UGC) and travel intention toward a heritage site. In particular, we applied partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), which is a relatively popular new method, instead of the traditionally used covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) method. The rise in popularity of PLS-SEM has been particularly noticeable since 2013, but in the area of heritage tourism, research is still in an early stage of development because the heritage discipline has hardly exploited the benefits of this approach. We proposed a multimediation model for heritage tourism to address this relatively new research avenue. It was discovered that exogenous variables directly and indirectly influenced travel intentions toward a heritage site through their mediators (i.e., heritage image and attitudes toward a heritage site). The findings provide an appropriate empirical and theoretical conclusion as well as valuable insights for heritage management organizations (HMOs) into the performance of heritage tourism, both for local professionals and the host communities that assist in increasing the development of heritage tourism.


Rapid population growth coupled with food demand make land for agriculture scarcer obliging farmers to make use of any available piece of land at their disposal for crops production. This preferential use of land for crops production may appear to be competitive with tree keeping on farm. To elucidate that, the trade-off between crop production and tree conservation on farms was assessed in Bouroum-Bourmoum, Sapouy and Ouahigouya, three municipalities of Burkina Faso. More than 3 000 individual trees which spreading was 1 154 in Bouroum-Bourom, 884 in Ouahigouya and 1 054 in Sapouy were used. The mean tree canopy cover and tree cover in the farms were calculated. The three principal crops (millet, red sorghum and white sorghum) yield were used to estimate the trade-off using the mean tree canopy cover as the potential no cropping area. The results revealed a tree canopy cover of 66.25 m2 in Bouroum-Bourom, 59.92 m2 in Sapouy and 42.1 m2 in Ouahigouya. The average tree cover was 23.99% in Bouroum-Bouroum, 18.23% in Sapouy and 14.88% in Ouahigouya. This represents a loss in grain production of 109.5 kg/ha in Bouroum-Bouroum, 247.6 kg/ha in Sapouy and 252.8kg/ha in Ouahigouya. A higher tree cover implies a higher trade-off in the agroforestry parkland and suggests reduction in tree density. There is urgent need to work out the balance between smallholders' farmer continuous requirement for increase food crop production and the need to maintain tree diversity in the farm for carbon credit payment promotion.


The current debate over the reform of higher education appears indifferent both to the historic function of U.S. universities and the broader ideological, economic, and political issues that have shaped them. Against the encroaching demands of a market-driven logic, a number of progressive educators have argued forcefully that higher education should be defended as both a public good and an autonomous sphere for the development of a critical and productive democratic citizenry (Aronowitz and Giroux 1992; Martin 1998; Aronowitz 2000; Giroux 2000). Higher education represents for many a central site for keeping alive the tension between market values and those values representative of civil society that cannot be measured in narrow commercial terms but are crucial to a substantive democracy. Education must not be confused with training, suggesting that educators resist allowing commercial values to shape the purpose and mission of higher education. Richard Hoftstadter (1952, 134) recognized the threat that corporate values pose to education, arguing that the best reason for supporting institutions of higher education "lies not in the services they can perform . .. but in the values they represent." The values of justice, freedom, equality, and the rights of citizens as equal and free human beings are central to higher education's role in educating students for the demands of leadership, social citizenship, and democratic public life (Hofstadter and Hardy 1952; Hofstadter and Metzger 1955; Hofstadter 1963; Press and Washburn 2000).


Methods: A 27 years old female patient was admitted in the rheumatology department because of acute exacerbation of her Behcet manifestations. The patient developed new onset dyspnea, chest X-rays revealed left-sided empyema, and chest CT revealed multiple scattered lung abscesses. Echocardiography revealed a huge vegetation on the anterior leaflet of the tricuspid valve. The patient was planned for mini invasive tricuspid valve replacement via right periareolar approach. Femorofemoral cannulation was used to establish cardiopulmonary bypass. A 29 mm St Jude prosthetic valve was placed in tricuspid position.


Daily electricity consumption forecasting of home appliances can improve the accuracy and efficiency of the operation of home energy management systems. In this paper, an improved bidirectional long short memory network (BILSTM) model for predicting daily electricity consumption of household air conditioning is proposed. Firstly, and the "mutual information" is used to analyze the correlation between the daily electricity consumption of air conditioning and some environmental factors. Second, the environmental factors with strong correlation with the daily electricity consumption of air conditioning are selected as the influence factors, and these influence factors and the electricity data are taken as the characteristic input of the network. Finally, the improved bidirectional LSTM load prediction model which has been trained is used to forecast the daily electricity consumption of air conditioning. The experimental results show that the improved bidirectional LSTM network proposed in this paper can predict the daily electricity consumption of air conditioning in short term, and the maximum relative error of the predicted result is less than 5%.


Recent super-tall buildings have shown various types of free-form shapes. Their envelop forms seem crucial especially in schematic design phase since they respond to the diverse external demands such as symbolic aspects and expression of skyscrapers, or basic building codes and regulations. This study have developed an automation system for the envelop form generation, and examined the system by generating sample envelop forms. For this, types of forms and parameters were derived from preceding researches and examples. The study implemented the automation system which could be linked up with other parametric digital tools. The system could generate various envelop forms of super-tall buildings through parametric methods. With this, designers would be able to examine possible envelop forms in front of their eyes, and make a rational decision promptly.


The surface and interface morphologies of polystyrene (PS)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) thin-film blends and bilayers were investigated by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Spin-coating a drop of a PS solution directly onto a PMMA bottom layer from a common solvent for both polymers yielded lateral domains that exhibited a well-defined topographical structure. Two common solvents were used in this study. The structure of the films changed progressively as the concentration of the PS solution was varied. The formation of the blend morphology could be explained by the difference in the solubility of the two polymers in the solvent and the dewetting of PS-rich domains from the PMMA-rich phase. Films of the PS/PMMA blend and bilayer were annealed at temperatures above their glass-transition temperatures for up to 70 h. All samples investigated with AFM were covered with PS droplets of various size distributions. Moreover, we investigated the evolution of the annealed PS/PMMA thin-film blend and bilayer and gave a proper explanation for the formation of a relatively complicated interface inside a larger PS droplet.


A transient global numerical model has been carried out to simulate the multi-crystalline silicon growth process by the directional solidification method using CGSim 15.1. A two dimensional axisymmetric model was used. The conductive, convective, and radiative heat transfer problems were coupled with our model and these problems were solved iteratively using the finite volume method. In the present work we have modified the heater element to produce a high quality ingot from multi-crystalline silicon. The change has been made to control the temperature distribution. By controlling the temperature distribution, we can also control the melt crystal interface of the ingot. The shape of the melt-crystal interface of the ingot, the temperature distribution in the crucible and the heat flux from the melt as well as from the crystal have been studied. Finally, the simulation results show that the modification in the heater element keeps the melt-crystal interface as planar in the DS system, also it gives better ...


The distribution of available, reducible and total iron and their relationship to different soil properties were studied in representative sierozem soil profiles from Haryana. Available, reducible and total iron content ranged from 2.2 to 107.2 ppm, 94 to 1213 ppm and 2.05 to 6.87 per cent respectively.


The fundamental theory and plan for the application of fuzzy control strategy in the electric injection governing system for the high power diesel engine of locomotive is presented, and the requirements on the real time control of the operation is also studied at the same time.


The efficiency of syllabic segmentation and recognition is demonstrated in an experiment using three different word recognition systems and a vocabulary of 1000 words. In each system the preprocessing is carried out by a special loudness analyzer which yields 22 specific loudness functions. The first system avoids any segmentation and the total word pattern is time normalized to a constant length. In the second system syllable nuclei are detected and used as segment boundaries; the segments are time normalized and the resulting word pattern classified. The third system classifies each demisyllable using vowels and consonant clusters as decision units. For small vocabularies the first system gives the best performance. For more than 500 words the performance of the second system with syllabic segmentation surpasses that of the first system. For this vocabulary size however, the demisyllable recognition performs best and is significantly advantageous for a vocabulary consisting of 1000 words.


The fast multi-pole method (FMM) is a very effective approach to accelerating numerical solutions of the boundary element method (BEM) for the problems requiring large scale computation. An application of the FMM to two-dimensional boundary integral equation method for the acoustic scattering problem was discussed. We seek the solution of Helmholtz equation Δu+k2u=0 in the form of a combined single-and double-layer potential. The boundary integral equation is discretized with Nystrm method. It is obvious that the kernel of integral operator is unsymmetrical. If the resulting linear system is solved by the conjugate gradient method of unsymmetrical linear system,both the products of matrix A with vector x and AT with x should be repeatedly evaluated. The hierarchical cell structures of FMM with two different methods was constructed,and the multi-pole expansion,local expansion and translations of the coefficients were given for the second integral operator A and its conjugate operator AT. The boundary integral equation was solved by FMM. The numerical results show that FMM is more efficient than the direct computation approach.


In the present endeavour, we discuss the enhancement strategy of an important fluidic functionality, i.e., mixing in an on-chip device embedded in rotating disc both qualitatively as well as quantitatively. Our analysis, on accounting for the effect of rotation in the framework, uses a set of mechanically consistent classical fluid dynamic equations in describing mixing of the constituent fluids in a comprehensive way. Motivated by the need of benchmarking our modelling framework, we perform experiments in the limiting case of pure diffusion and show that suggestions from experimental part of this endeavour verify the numerical results quite effectively. The results indicate that the effect of molecular diffusion and rotation induced forcing non-trivially modulates the underlying mixing in the portable fluidic device. Of particular interest, we show that, even for weak molecular diffusion between the chosen fluid pair, strong advective transport of species as rendered by a higher rotational effect results in an enhanced mixing, that too achievable at short distances from the channel entry. Finally, a space diagram mapping the mixing efficiency in the flow-fluid properties plane is provided, expected to be a design guideline for the portable fluidic systems/devices, typically used for mixing and diagnosis of bio-fluids.


Drug interactions and drug specificity are core themes for the pharmacologist. The paper discussed in this Viewpoint exploits the former to attain the latter. How can one improve local anesthetics so that they block pain but permit normal sensation? QX-314 is a charged derivative of lidocaine without anesthetic activity because it cannot diffuse across the cell membrane to access the neuronal voltage-dependent sodium channel. Capsaicin is a selective activator of the TRPV1 channel, the localization of which is restricted to sensory C-fiber neurons involved in nociception. Because the large pore size of the activated TRPV1 allows passage of large cations such as QX-314, combined treatment with capsaicin and QX-314 puts QX-314 uniquely into that subclass of neurons mediating pain, thereby achieving sensational specificity.


Treatise on Febrile DiseaseJue Yin disease ranking,essence,outline and main symptom,for thousands of years,its dubitable cases,persistent arguments but the end is no fixed result.By the textual research Jueyin Disorder location lay on the end of the Six Disease.326 article can be used as the original outline of Jue Yin's disease,and its essence as the chills and fever jumbled,its main symptoms of chills and fever jumbled,endorsed the doctrine of unity of Treatise on Febrile Disease with the epidemic febrile disease.


This work tackles the carbon dioxide (CO2) emission problem in process sites, particularly in relation to the site utility systems. There are three basic decarbonisation routes to deal with the CO2 emission problem in energy production. These are pre-combustion, post-combustion and the oxy-combustion routes. For each route, different CO2 separation technologies can be exploited. This work has adopted different decarbonisation routes with both conventional CO2 separation technologies and novel pre-combustion routes. Unlike the CO2 emission problem of energy generation taken in isolation, the emissions from a utility site can be widely distributed. To challenge this problem, utility sites are integrated with decarbonised combined heat and power generation systems. By doing this, some of the utility products like power, steam and fuel can be substituted by products from the decarbonised power generation system. Consequently, reduced carbon dioxide emissions from the utility system can be achieved. Thus, a wide range of decarbonisation designs can be applied with power generation. Among them, pre-combustion with novel CO2 separation technology has the best performance. Integrating decarbonised combined heat and power generation systems can give significant potential for CO2 emission reduction to the utility site.


PART I - FROM REASON TO REVOLUTION CHAPTER ONE: TRADITIONAL SOCIETY AND SOCIAL THEORY Gerbert and his times Abelard, Heloise and the status of women The intellectual revolution Thomas Aquinas The decline of the west Conclusion CHAPTER TWO: THE REVOLUTION IN NATURAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE The scientific revolution Economic and Social Change Thomas Hobbes Social change and radicalism in England John Locke Adam Smith Thomas Malthus Conclusion CHAPTER THREE: LIBERALISM AND REBELLION Liberalism and culture The American revolution The status of women Natural Law and slavery Rural nostalgia and social satire The Philosophes Conclusion CHAPTER FOUR: ROSSEAU AND REVOLUTION Jean-Jacques Rosseau The French Revolution Women, enlightenment and revolution Olympe De Gouges Mary Wollstonecraft Jane Austen Conclusion PART II FROM CONSERVATISM TO SOCIALISM CHAPTER FIVE: THE CONSERVATIVE REACTION AND ROMANTICISM Philosophical Foundation Conservatism in France Edmund Burke Romanticism English Romanticism French Romanticism Romantic subjectivism Conclusion CHAPTER SIX: POSITIVISM AND DEMOCRACY Saint Simon Augusta Comte and positivism Harriet Martineau Alexis De Tocqueville and American democracy Thoreau and civil disobedience Conclusion CHAPTER SEVEN: SOCIAL LIBERALISM Jeremy Bentham and utilitarianism John Stuart Mill Gender politics Social Liberalism in culture Conclusion CHAPTER EIGHT: HEGEL, FEUERBACH AND MARX German society and politics G. W. F. Hegel Ludwig Feuerbach Karl Marx Historical Materialism Conclusion PART III TURN OF THE CENTURY SOCIAL THOUGHT CHAPTER NINE: EVOLUTION AND SOCIOLOGY The theory of evolution Jean-Baptiste Lamarck The conservative reaction Darwin and natural selection Naturalism Herbert Spencer and Social Darwinism Social Darwinism in America Imperialism and racism Conclusion CHAPTER TEN: EMILE DURKHEIM Emile Durkheim Conclusion CHAPTER ELEVEN: MAX WEBER Max Weber The predominance of the West Western captialism Social stratification and class Conclusion CHAPTER TWELVE: PROGRESSIVISM AND EMANCIPATION Meliorism in American Sociology Thorstein Veblen African-American Emancipation Booker T. Washington Ida Wells W. E. B. Dubois Conclusion CHAPTER THIRTEEN: DESIRE, DISORDER AND DANGER Henrik Ibsen First wave feminism The birth of the modern Fin de Siecle Decadence Friedrich Nietzsche Georg Simmel Sigmund Freud Conclusion CHAPTER FOURTEEN: SOCIAL THEORY AND THE MIND American Pragmatism and social theory G. H. Mead Karl Mannheim Conclusion CONCLUSION Dominant ideologies in Twentieth century society Critical social thought


An empirical analysis, via a focused, stratified approach to measure personal reactions to potential employment instability and educational incentives was conducted in a relatively large company, representative of the financial and marketing service industries, located in the metropolitan section of Cleveland, OH. This city was chosen as being representative of rustbelt areas most hit by the global recession. Via multiple linear regression, Chi-square, and factor analysis, it was found that these professionals increasingly view taking advantage of educational and/or training opportunities as the primary strategic leverage to become more competitive in the workplace and, hence, more desirable to their present employers. Many professionals view educational opportunities in their current field of expertise as preferred alternatives to pay-cuts, furlough, and/or changing careers.


PURPOSE
To compare the reliability of two approaches to measuring enhancing brain tumor volumes--the conventional manual trace method and a threshold-based, semiautomated computer software method.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Two operators rated contrast material-enhanced, T1-weighted axial magnetic resonance (MR) image data sets from 16 patients aged 21-71 years with high-grade gliomas. Each MR data set was rated twice by using manual tracing and twice by using the semiautomated method. The semiautomated measurement method involved a thresholding algorithm based on mixture modeling. The data collection time for each method was recorded. Reliability was measured by using inter- and intraoperator agreement indexes.

RESULTS
Mean intraoperator agreement indexes (+/- SD) were 0.90 +/- 0.09 (operator 1) and 0.83 +/- 0.15 (operator 2) for the manual trace method and 0.83 +/- 0.17 (operator 1) and 0.84 +/- 0.16 (operator 2) for the semiautomated measurement method. The mean interoperator agreement was 0.85 +/- 0.14 for the manual method and 0.82 +/- 0.18 for the semiautomated method. The semiautomated method was faster than the manual trace method by an average of 4.6 minutes per patient.

CONCLUSION
The semiautomated computer method of measuring tumor volume was faster than the manual trace method. Semiautomated computer approaches offer an alternative to manual tracing for measuring serial tumor volumes in patients with high-grade brain neoplasms.


Community colleges traditionally have been a nexus for transitions to and from the workforce. This article examines horizontal and vertical workforce transitions and how a global economy and the need to train new subpopulations of future workers will cause community colleges to approach their roles in workforce training differently. There are too little hard data at present to guide either practice or policy for new realities. The authors recommend that community colleges address these critical information shortages by documenting both the inputs and outcomes of programs and activities that facilitate horizontal and vertical workforce transitions.


This paper consist the analysis of the availability with some physiological aspects. In industry these factor of the machine are very important aspects to achieve the required production and to reduce the cost. Some important types of availability are discussed .For the analysis; crusher machine is considered, to evaluate the availability of crusher machine, the availability of each essential component of crusher is required. For the availability of each component; the failure data and previous repair time is collected. By effective maintenance program the time between failures can improve and the mean time to repair is minimized and the availability can be improved. On the performance of effective maintenance, the failure frequency time is reduced thus the machine is more reliable and the cost of maintenance can be reduces. Key-words: Maintenance, Availability, Inherent Availability, Operational Availability, Achieved Availability.


Solid–liquid equilibrium in the ternary systems (Na2SO4 + NaH2PO4 + H2O) and (Na2SO4 + NaCl + H2O) at 313.15 K and atmospheric pressure was investigated by using isothermal solution saturation and moist residue method. The solubility and thermodynamic properties of the solution were determined. The phase diagrams and the diagrams of thermodynamic properties versus composition were constructed. It turned out that there was one invariant point, two uninvariant curves, and two crystallization regions. In the phase diagram of the ternary system (Na2SO4 + NaH2PO4 + H2O) at 313.15 K, the crystallization region of Na2SO4 was obviously larger than the NaH2PO4·2H2O crystalline region. When Na2SO4 was 11.57 wt % and NaH2PO4 was 44.41 wt %, this system reached saturation at 313.15 K. In the phase diagram of the ternary system (Na2SO4 + NaCl + H2O) at 313.15 K, the crystallization region of Na2SO4 was significantly larger than the crystallization region of NaCl. When NaCl was 22.56 wt % and Na2SO4 was 5.00 wt %, this...


In this study, the binary and the ternary phase diagrams of R-/S-ketamine were determined based on differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements. The binary phase diagram presented a eutectic point in the 50:50 (R/S) composition which characterizes the product as a conglomerate forming system. On the other hand, the ternary phase diagram in the presence of ethanol showed a eutectic point in the 75:25 (R/S) composition, indicating the occurrence of a racemic compound. The observed facts indicate that the solvent and the temperature may affect the eutectic point, and thus different crystal forming systems can be obtained from the melt and from the solution. The calorimetric method was demonstrated to be an excellent short-cut method for the fast construction of phase diagrams, taking only some hours and consuming only a few milligrams [(5 to 20) mg] of samples.


The paternity in the adolescence promotes changes and re-adaptations of psycho-social order, establishing new roles for the organization of the adolescent ́s life. In our society, this phenomenon has been little spread scientifi cally. Understanding that the foment of researches consolidate the knowledge divulgation, it asked: how the scientifi c researches have contributed for the generation of knowledge about the adolescent paternity? OBJECTIVES: to identify the scientifi c production referent to the adolescent paternity, to emphasize the areas of knowledge that have researched about this thematic. METHODOLOGY: Descriptive study, quantitative approach, through the raising of abstracts published from 1987 to 2008 in the bank of thesis of the CAPES. RESULTS: We identify the presence of 22 studies, being 17 dissertations and 05 theses that utilized the quantitative approach. The area of knowledge that has developed most researches about the adolescent paternity is the Human Sciences area. It concluded the scarcity of the production about the thematic in all the knowledge areas.


The invention relates to the production of fine-particle metal oxide powders containing alkali metals, said powders containing at least one alkali metal and at least one other metal from the group of transition metals, the other main group metals, lanthanides and actinides. Precursor compounds of said constituents are introduced into a pulsed reactor with a gas flow resulting from a flameless combustion, in a solid form or in the form of a solution or a suspension, where they are partially or fully reacted to form the desired multi-constituent metal oxide powder.


This paper will analyze the importance of Joseph Goebbels, Reich Minister of Propaganda in Nazi Germany, on the cinematographic panorama. It will show that his influence did not only extend to his coetaneous, Nazi society, but that he had a social impact historically. To do so, this study presents a short historical context and a summary of both his professional and personal life in order to notice its impact on his film productions. Finally, an analysis of five of his films produced during Adolf Hitler Government will be provided, in order to comprehend and reflect on the importance of Propaganda, especially on the cinematographic media, for totalitarian governments.


This paper aims to set out an argument for the use of blockchain technology as a land registration tool, for Cyprus and other disputed land contexts, to assist with land disputes, which may, in turn, promote peace and harmony.,The paper is exploratory in nature. It raises the historical and present land issues in Cyprus and highlights that blockchain technologies could work as a tool to record disputed property rights on the Island.,While there have been many pilots to date for blockchain land registration, there is still scope to develop blockchain as a tool to record land interests. Cyprus offers an exemplar opportunity to use such a tool to assist in developing peace on the Island.,While the paper is conceptual in its application of blockchain technologies, it is novel in that it strives to show how technologies such as blockchain can act as a tool to assist with land registration matters, which, in turn, can assist with new ways to approach the peace process. More research is necessary for this area of inquiry, especially as to how sidechains can act as a conduit for recording competing land interests and disputed land claims.


The isothermal oxidation behaviour on two different temperature of Fe-33Ni-19Cr alloy was studied in this work. The present paper focuses on the isothermal oxidation behaviour at 700oC and 900oC. The oxidized samples were subjected to oxidation experiment under isothermal conditions for 500 hours. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) technique were employed in this study to analyse the oxidation behaviour of oxidized samples. The kinetics of oxidation followed the parabolic rate law which represent diffusion controlled oxide growth rate. Results indicate that Fe-33Ni-19Cr alloy oxidized at 700oC possess a better oxidation resistance with low Kp value of 2.39 x 10-7 mg2cm-4s-1. The oxide scale formed during oxidation were generally complex consists of several oxide phases. The samples morphologies of oxidized samples were influenced by the alloy structure and expose conditions. An elemental EDX line scan analysis of samples oxidized at 900oC indicated four different oxide layers composes of several oxide structure with evidence of internal oxide precipitates composed of Al-rich oxide phase.