The paper combines current network reconfiguration mechanisms effectively, adding the idea of repartitioning the network boundary to the network reconfiguration technology. It proposes a network auto-recover algorithm based on the mobile networks. Then it discusses and analyses the time cost and effectivity. It implements perfect network fault management, and provides a new solution for the information transfer securely and reliably in mobile networks.


Through observing the process of locomotive driver operating a train, the factors which interfere with the train running safety are analyzed.Bring forward the idea about the train safety monitoring expert system, the principle, design and the flow diagram of this expert system are introduced.


Objectives. To outline a safe, standardized protocol for outpatient initiation of propranolol therapy for infantile hemangiomas. Study Design. Retrospective review. Setting. Academic tertiary care pediatric hospital. Subjects and Methods. Forty-nine infantile hemangioma patients were offered propranolol therapy and included in the study. Any patients requiring hospital admission were excluded. Screening consisted of cardiology evaluation, including electrocardiography and, when indicated, echocardiography. Target initiation dose was 2 to 3 mg/kg/d divided into 3 doses. Blood pressure and heart rate were initially monitored at baseline and 1 and 2 hours in clinic following initial dosing. A 3-hour time point was later added. Families received standardized instructions regarding home heart rate monitoring, side effects, and fasting. Results. Outpatient propranolol therapy was safely initiated in 39 of 44 patients (89%). Five patients required brief admission: 1 with clinical signs/symptoms of heart failure, 3 having airway involvement, and 1 for social reasons. Propranolol administration transiently reduced blood pressure; the maximal decrease occurred at 2 hours, prompting addition of a 3-hour time point to ensure recovery. No patients exhibited symptomatic hypotension, bradycardia, or heart failure. Conclusions. In most children with infantile hemangiomas, propranolol therapy can be safely initiated as an outpatient. Careful cardiovascular evaluation by an experienced clinician is essential for pretreatment evaluation, inpatient admission (when necessary), blood pressure and heart rate monitoring following initial dosing, and parent education. This standardized multidisciplinary outpatient initiation plan reduces the cost of initiating therapy compared with inpatient strategies while still providing appropriate monitoring for potential treatment complications. Further evaluation of propranolol therapy efficacy at the current dosing and duration of treatment continues.


This article, focused on violence against women, is a response to hegemonic feminists of the Second Wave in the USA (1970–85). Initially, this violence was explained by the biological difference between men and women, a difference ultimately used as a basis for the origin of the patriarchal system. And the use of violence against women came to be associated with the social and sexual control of women by men in patriarchal societies. As a result, hegemonic feminists of the Second Wave assert the following about domestic violence: 1) it is associated with biological differences between men and women, a difference which is fundamental to patriarchal systems; 2) it is unilateral, that is, only men commit acts of violence against women, and it affects all women irrespective of age, social class, education, or national origin; and 3) it is an expression of power that men hold over women in patriarchal societies. Here I will focus specifically on the cases of rape and domestic violence to show how these general theories have been applied in practice.


As a promising candidate for future demand, fiber-shaped electrochemical energy storage devices, such as supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries have obtained considerable attention from academy to industry. Carbon nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotube and graphene, have been widely investigated as electrode materials due to their merits of light weight, flexibility and high capacitance. In this review, recent progress of carbon nanomaterials in flexible fiber-shaped energy storage devices has been summarized in accordance with the development of fibrous electrodes, including the diversified electrode preparation, functional and intelligent device structure, and large-scale production of fibrous electrodes or devices.


A prototype 5-m triaxial high temperature superconducting (HTS) distribution class cable using a cold dielectric design was tested at high voltage under various conditions including AC, impulse and partial discharge (PD). The dielectric consists of wrapped synthetic tape insulation with liquid nitrogen filling the butt-gaps. In this paper we report on the partial discharge signals in the cable and methods for data analysis. All measurements were made cold in liquid nitrogen. The data will be presented in terms of PD amplitude and energy. Partial discharge signals were observed in the presence of large amounts of background noise due to the inverter circuits of the cryogenic system and these issues will also be discussed.


The increasing demand of the crops (soybean and corn) for biofuel production has increased the focus of the animal nutritionists to look for alternative feeds, which are economic and environmental friendly. To identify microalgae as suitable candidate as an alternative feed, growth response of Chlorella vulgaris was studied under varying concentrations of carbon dioxide (0.07, 1.4, 3.0 and 5.0%) and photon densities (39.19, 72.97, 105.41, 116.22, 135.14, 175.68 µmol/m 2 /s) by employing a photo-bioreactor. Swine wastewater was also investigated as nutritional source to economize the biomass production. Results showed that the higher biomass production was found to be at 3.0% CO2 compared to other CO2 concentrations. However, no difference in biomass production was found at 105.41 μmol/m 2 /s and above photon densities with 12 h of photoperiodicity. It was observed that C. vulgaris could easily grow in 200 times diluted swine wastewater and growth was found to be similar with that of artificial medium. Provided the conducive conditions for optimal growth, it has also the potentiality of depleting ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N) and orthophosphate (PO4 3 -P) completely from the wastewater after 3~4 days of cultivation. Thus, growing C.


The equilibrium and compatibility equations are derived for a cylinder with 'smeared' elastic and current density properties. These can then be solved self-consistently. It is shown that even radially uniform solenoid coils must contain radially nonuniform axial stresses to maintain plane strain conditions. Without vertical compression, vertical tensile stresses can exist between the insulation layers. Uniform solenoids are under conditions of radial compression which are beneficial to the insulation system. Structural grading creates conditions of radial tension. >


The Mountain Societies Research Institute (MSRI) operates at the interface of science and society in Central Asia. As part of the University of Central Asia and the wider Aga Khan Development Network, MSRI engages in transdisciplinary research for development and regularly seeks to strengthen regional capacities, to inform policy and practice, and to promote open dialogue among key stakeholders about development issues. MSRI thus aims to improve the well-being and resilience of mountain communities in the context of rapidly changing economic, sociocultural, political, and environmental conditions. MSRI's integrated approach to research, both with and for the benefit of mountain societies, demands simultaneous understanding of social and ecological factors operating at multiple spatial and temporal scales. Broadly embedded within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals, and more specifically the Sustainable Mountain Development agenda, the research and affiliated activities at MSRI also aim to elucidate and highlight the development challenges and opportunities of a long-neglected part of the world, greater Central Asia, extending from the Caucasus to western China.


The focus of the issue is on the concept of home in a transnational perspective. The articles included address feminist art and theory, and global studies which share a tendency to 'think across' disciplines, gender, place or materiality. The authors explore artistic practice in terms of 'trans-figurations' – material forms of thought operating across gender, place and belonging. They conceptualise the concept of home within the politics of domesticity and ideologies of nationhood and citizenship, as a powerful construct enabling the questioning of the production of space. The aim of this special issue is to activate thinking about home, identity and space in a transnational perspective drawing from feminist discourse.


The effects of external magnetic field on the transport properties of a coupled carbon-nanotube-molecular-magnet system weakly attached to ferromagnetic leads are studied theoretically. The calculations are performed using the real-time diagrammatic technique, including the lowest order terms of expansion with respect to the tunnel coupling. It is shown that the magnetoresistive properties of the device depend on both the ground state of isolated nanotube, which in the two-electron regime can be either a spin singlet or a spin triplet, as well as the type of exchange interaction between the molecular magnet and the nanotube. Furthermore, external magnetic field was found to give rise to highly nontrivial behavior of the tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR). First of all, it results in an asymmetry of TMR with respect to the bias reversal. Moreover, it can lead to both enhancement or suppression of TMR, depending on the model parameters and the applied bias voltage.


The model developed in this paper provides decision-makers with the information regarding the selection of the optimal set of rail stations. It also provides information on the selection of the optimal set of services supplied by each station. This paper presented a new idea in the railway freight service concentration. In order to rearrange the service allocation, a bi-level programming model has been formulated. A heuristic algorithm was adopted for the solutions of the upper level models. This paper has also performed an actual example to illustrate the model solution and analyze the value of this new idea about service allocation optimization.


Time-lapse seismic timeshifts are now widely used to study reservoir compaction. This is possible since (overburden) time-lapse timeshifts can be attributed to compaction-induced overburden stretching, increasing the length of the seismic ray-path, and associated velocity slowdown. Both path-length increase and velocity slowdown cause an increase in traveltime in a seismic monitor survey compared to a base-line survey.


The Floating Wave Energy Convertor (FWEC) mooring design has an important requirement associated with the fact that, for a wave energy converter, the mooring connections may interact with their oscillations, possibly modifying its energy absorption significantly. It is therefore important to investigate what might be the most suitable mooring design according to the converter specifications and take into account the demands placed on the moorings in order to assure their survivability. The objective of this study is to identify a computational fluid dynamics method for investigating the effects of coupling a wave energy device with a mooring system. Using the commercial software ANSYS AQWA and ANSYS FLUENT, a configuration was studied for different displacements from the equilibrium position, load demands on the moorings, and internal fluid motion. These results and findings form a basis for future efforts in computational model development, design refinement, and investigation of station keeping for FWEC units.


Copyright: © 2014 Chen JL, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. It is estimated that 10% of women will develop gestational diabetes during their pregnancies [1]. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is diagnosed for the first time during pregnancy and usually remits after delivery. However, 10-40% of women with GDM will develop type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) within 10 years after the delivery and 70% of women with previous GDM will develop T2DM within 20 years [2]. T2DM is one of the most common yet serious chronic diseases, causing 5.1 million deaths worldwide. GDM may be responsible for up to 30% of cases of type 2 diabetes [3]. As women with previous GDM are at high risk for developing T2DM, interventions such as lifestyle modification [4-7] and use of pharmacological agent have been developed and tested [8,9] and demonstrate promising potential in T2DM prevention. However, little is known on the impact of intrauterine exposure to GDM, such as increased risk for childhood obesity and glucose metabolism alternation. Thus, the aim of this mini review is to discuss current state of science on the obesity risk of offspring of mothers with GDM.


In this thesis, we are mainly interested in representing and stratifying objects, states, and events. From an epistemological or perceptual perspective, states may be seen as "time stamped data" or "basic observations". Perception and cognition organize sensory outputs by grouping them in units that allow us to interact with the world in a quick and fruitful way. Similarly, states can be organized by synchronically grouping them into complex configurations of the world, or diachronically grouping them into events. We are specially interested in the logical forms of existential dependencies between states, objects and events. In the view of some philosophers, the world is stratified in levels by means of existential dependencies. This view is also present in theories of granularity, where (i) an abstraction mechanism allows for the simplification of fine-grained (lower level) entities into coarser (higher level) entities, stratifying entities in levels of abstraction; or (ii) data resolution is considered a criterion for stratifying data in levels of granularity, reflecting a more epistemological perspective on levels.
We present here a framework for representing and stratifying objects, states, and events in levels. We show that our theory supports different notions of level, and suggest applications to data analytics.


An improved method of MRP called "extend-shrink and merger BOM" has been put forward aiming at the changing lead time of part and processes which is caused by the fast changing orders.The background and detail of the improved method has been first introduced,and then the detailed steps has been introduced by an example.Finally,with the comparison to the traditional method of MRP,the improved method of MRP has three major advantages,first,improving the job shop efficiency,second,improving the possibility of MRP planning,third,ensuring the deliver time on schedule and so on.


[Editor's Note: In this issue's Conversation, Dr. Darla Spence Coffey, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Council on Social Work Education, is interviewed by Springfield College's Director of Field Education and Professor, Dr. Bill Fisher. In a wide-ranging interview we learn about Dr. Coffey's thoughts on the preliminary findings of the recent national Commission on Field Education (COFE) survey, and her impressive efforts to better link Field Education to federal workforce development initiatives. CSWE's new affiliation with The National Center for Inter-professional Practice in Education is also discussed. Preliminary findings of the COFE survey of Field Directors on Models, Staffing and Resources can be found at CSWE]Bill Fisher: Darla, first I'd like to start by recognizing the importance of your leadership in working to improve field education. As co-chair of the task force that will be examining the results of the field education survey, I'd like to say that it's very positive that there is an increasing understanding of the central role of field education.Darla Spence Coffey: This has been very natural for me. I have a BSW, MSW, and PhD in social work. I'm a social worker through and through. I spent many years practicing social work before I even considered going into the academy.As a social work student, I had some fabulous professors, but I would be hard pressed to give you any details about the classes that I took. I could definitely tell you some detailed stories about my field experiences. Those are the experiences that really bring things together for students. It's really important for me to contribute and lead in these conversations.For me, field is absolutely the heart of social work education. I always cringed when I heard folks talk about social work education and field education as though they were two separate entities. Hopefully, we'll get to the day when we say "social work education" and everybody in the room understands that means field is intricately integrated into all of that.It's been an honor and privilege to be in my position and try to find ways to highlight the importance and elevate the conversations about field education.BF: The initial findings of the state of field survey, an initiative of CSWE and COFE, were recently released. What implications do you see in a preliminary look at the data?DSC: First, let me thank you for the work that you did on the report and the ongoing work in terms of diving deeper into this data.I'm looking forward to what we decide to focus on within the data. In general, it highlights a number of things that we're doing very well. It also highlights that as much as we talk about the need to have creativity and innovation, we're still relying on traditional models for the structure of field education. That surprised me.For example, in terms of the academic year, a student starts in the fall, and goes through the spring. We really have not budged in terms of how field has been historically structured. That was a bit surprising.BF: If I can offer an insight on that, new models could really enhance the learning experience and the skill development, but they're also complicated to administer.That's something that we don't always consider when we're exploring a model, that is, if you have half of your student body pursuing one model, and a third pursuing another model, and a quarter pursuing another model, it's very complex to administer. That, of course, brings us back to resources. That's one caveat that I would add to the idea of alternative models, alternative models usually require more resources.DSC: I know.BF: How do you see deans and directors using the information from the survey? Do you think there are some important takeaways for them?DSC: I have a great appreciation for the pressure that deans and directors experience. They're betwixt and between, dedicated to quality social work education as well as needing to answer to provosts and to presidential priorities. …


When physicians seeking to explain migraine began to look past the Galenical miasma of humours and spirits, they came upon the circulatory system, newly illuminated for them by William Harvey (1628). Thomas Willis (1621-1675) hypothesized that "megrim" was due to dilatation of cephalic blood vessels. The migraine aura waited two centuries for its explanation, till 1870 when Airy, analyzing his own symptoms, suggested "a temporary suspension of function...among the nerve cells of the visual sensorium...due to vascular congestion." P.W. Latham in 1872 believed "a contraction of the vessels of the head and anemia of the parts they supply" to be "the immediate occasion of the paroxysm, and the cause of the earlier symptoms and particularly of the disorder of sight; while the headache"... is due... "to a secondary hyperemia."1 Latham's friend and colleague, Edward Liveing, disagreed, and argued that migraine was caused by "nerve storms" which were the result of "a discharging lesions of convolutions evolved out of the optic thalamus." He regarded migraine as "primarily nervous" and held that any disturbance of the circulation which attended it was an effect of the nervous disorder.2


ABSTRACT Recent contributions to the business cycle literature point towards the presence of potential nonlinearities in the relationship between similarities in sectoral composition of countries and their bilateral business cycle synchronization. By using a dynamic indicator of structural change (as opposed to the traditional static indicators), this article attempts to identify whether the similarities in the evolution of structural change across countries influence their bilateral business cycle synchronization heterogeneously across quantiles. With focus on India and its advanced and developing trade partners, this article employs the quantile regression model with non-additive fixed effects to assess this relationship. While India and its advanced countries' trade partners display a homogeneous and positive relationship between the similarity in evolution of agriculture and industry and their bilateral business cycle synchronization, there exists a homogeneously negative relationship with respect to the service sector. Similarities in the evolution of the industry and the service sector between India and its developing trade partners, on the other hand, have a heterogeneous impact on their bilateral business cycle synchronization.


A semi-quantitative microscopic finding indicating that 20 percent or less of the nucleated cells in a peripheral leukocyte sample are immature mononuclear cells.


DNA Polymerase β fills single nucleotide gaps as a part of the Base Excision Repair pathway (BER); thus, deficiencies in Pol β can lead to increased mutation frequency in the cell, which can result in cancer. Our lab has previously shown that the I260M germline mutation of Pol β, which was first identified in prostate cancer, has reduced nucleotide selectivity in a sequence context dependent manner, incorporating G opposite A. To identify the molecular mechanism of the reduced fidelity of I260M, we studied polymerization using single turnover kinetics, and conformational changes using steady state fluorescence and stopped flow FRET. Our data indicate that the I260M mutation affects the fingers region of Pol β by creating a "collapsed" state in both the opened (in the absence of nucleotide) and closed (prior to chemistry) states. Importantly, we show that the incorrect incoming nucleotide binds more tightly to I260M when compared to the wild‐type by a factor of 3.4x. Based on this data, we found that the collapsed fingers subdomain state of I260M may decrease nucleotide discrimination in I260M, illustrating the importance of the "fingers closing" conformational change for polymerase fidelity. A model is being developed to compare the rate of the "fingers closing" conformational change and the reverse reaction of nucleotide release between I260M and the WT.


To elucidate whether apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values calculated from echo‐planar diffusion‐weighted MR imaging (EPDWI) are useful in the differential diagnosis of ovarian cystic masses.


Pneumonia elicits the production of cytotoxic beta amyloid (Ab) that contributes to end-organ dysfunction, yet the mechanism(s) linking infection to activation of the amyloidogenic pathway that produces cytotoxic Ab is unknown. Here, we tested the hypothesis that g-secretase activating protein (GSAP), which contributes to the amyloidogenic pathway in the brain, promotes end-organ dysfunction following bacterial pneumonia. First-in-kind GSAP knockout rats were generated. Wild type and knockout rats possessed similar body weights, organ weights, circulating blood cell counts, arterial blood gases, and cardiac indices at baseline. Intratracheal Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection caused acute lung injury and a hyperdynamic circulatory state. Whereas infection led to arterial hypoxemia in wild type rats, the alveolar-capillary barrier integrity was preserved in GSAP knockout rats. Infection potentiated myocardial infarction following ischemia-reperfusion injury, and this potentiation was abolished in knockout rats. In the hippocampus, GSAP contributed to both pre- and postsynaptic neurotransmission, increasing the presynaptic action potential recruitment, decreasing neurotransmitter release probability, decreasing the postsynaptic response, and preventing postsynaptic hyperexcitability, resulting in greater early long-term potentiation but reduced late long-term potentiation. Infection abolished early and late long-term potentiation in wild type rats, whereas the late long-term potentiation was partially preserved in GSAP knockout rats. Furthermore, hippocampi from knockout rats, and both the wild type and knockout rats following infection, exhibited a GSAP-dependent increase in neurotransmitter release probability and postsynaptic hyperexcitability. These results elucidate an unappreciated role for GSAP in innate immunity and highlight the contribution of GSAP to end-organ dysfunction during infection.


Harsh invective against the professors of the art of speech has been central to intellectual culture for as long as there has been an awareness of speech's persuasive powers. Socrates and Plato remain the most eloquent and thoughtful critics of this delinquent art, but numerous other classical thinkers, including Isocrates, himself a teacher of speech, railed bitterly against the teachers of discourse, berating them for their unscrupulousness and duplicity: "Indeed, who can fail to abhor, yes to contemn, those teachers, in the first place, who devote themselves to disputation, since they pretend to search for truth, but straightway at the beginning of their professions attempt to deceive us with lies?" More recently, Kant, the philosophical architect of the now frequently impugned era of modernity, disappointedly proclaims in his Critique of Judgment, I must confess that...reading the best speech of a Roman public orator, or of a contemporary parliamentary speaker or preacher, has always been mingled with the disagreeable feeling of disapproval of an insidious art, an art that knows how, in important matters, to move people like machines to a judgment that must lose all its weight with them when they meditate about it calmly. This antipathy towards the art of "word-twisting" finds fertile soil not only in European culture but in China as well. The canonical thinkers of classical China, ranging from Confucius to Zhuangzi to Mozi, warned about the perplexities of speech and, more insidious, those who teach the shaping of speech for the attainment of political ends. Invective was most frequently directed against those of the "School of the Horizontal and


This study aims to improve the cognitive learning outcomes and the cooperation in science subjects during the 2018/2019 school year by utilizing an outdoor study method. Fourth-graders in SD N 1 Pengasih were used as the subjects in this Classroom Action Class study. The models used were that of Kemmis and McTaggart, which include three stages, namely Planning, Implementation, and Observation, as well as Reflection. Meanwhile, the data retrieval instruments used were Observation sheets, questionnaires, and test questions. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to analyze the collected data. In action cycles I and II, the number of students who scored in the good or excellent category amounted to 47% and 94%, while the average achievement of indicator cooperation was 69% and 80%. The cognitive learning outcomes of science subjects students to reach the Minimum Mastery Criteria (KKM) were 59% and 82% for action cycles I and II, respectively.


Changes in the primary Si phase in Al-Si alloys were analyzed and compared to the Si phase in ZA27 alloys with the same Si/Al ratio. The Si phase in the Al-Si alloys was modified and applied to ZA27 alloys to refine the Si phase of the microstructure. The results showed that the change in the ZA27 alloys was the same as that in the Al-Si alloys while good modification effects were obtained with a 1.5% Cu-P inter-alloy using two different processes.


BACKGROUND
Trauma and its sequelae is recognised as a major morbidity factor in people with intellectual disabilities, however, a lack of inquiry into how health care professionals address trauma in this adult population exists.

AIMS
To explore specialist intellectual disability practitioners perspectives on current health provision and developments to address trauma.

METHODS
Twenty-five qualitative interviews were conducted with practitioners across 6 health service areas in the UK. Data were analysed using thematic content analysis.

FINDINGS
Seven central themes emerged: (a) unmasked trauma; (b) trauma informed care; (c) person-centred care and support; (d) multi-disciplinary working; (e) reasonable adjustments; (f) barriers to treatment and (g) awareness, training and education.

CONCLUSION
Trauma-informed care and multi-disciplinary working are essential components for future service development. Advances in the evidence-base for effective psychological interventions for PTSD and training and education of health care staff are needed in order to improve service provision amongst this population.


Purpose
Reducing fuel consumption of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) during transient operation is a cornerstone to achieve environment-friendly operations. The purpose of this paper is to develop a control scheme that improves the fuel economy of a turbojet in its full operating envelope.

Design/methodology/approach
A novel direct-thrust linear quadratic integral (LQI) approach, comprised by an optimal observer/controller satisfying specified performance parameters, is presented. The thrust estimator, based in a Wiener model, is validated with the experimental data of a micro-turbojet. Model uncertainty is characterized by analyzing variations between the identified model and measured data. The resulting uncertainty range is used to verify closed-loop stability with the circle criterion. The proposed controller provides stable responses with the specified performance in the whole operating range, even with after considering plant nonlinearities. Finally, the direct-thrust LQI is compared with a standard thrust controller to assess fuel economy and performance.

Findings
The direct-thrust LQI approach reduced the fuel consumption by 2.1090% in the most realistic scenario. The controllers were also evaluated using the environmental effect parameter (EEP) and transient-thrust-specific fuel consumption (T-TSFC). These novel metrics are proposed to evaluate the environmental impact during transient-thrust operations. The direct-thrust LQI approach has a more efficient fuel consumption according to these metrics. The results also show that isolating the thrust dynamics within the feedback loop has an important impact in fuel economy. Controllers were also evaluated using the EEP and T-TSFC. These novel metrics are proposed to evaluate the environmental impact during transient-thrust operations. The direct-thrust LQI approach has a more efficient fuel consumption according to these metrics. The results also show that isolating the thrust dynamics within the feedback loop has an important impact in fuel economy.

Originality/value
This study shows the design of an effective direct-thrust control approach that minimizes fuel consumption, ensures stable responses for the full operation range, allows isolating the thrust dynamics when designing the controller and is compatible with classical robustness and performance metrics. Finally, the study shows that a simple controller can reduce the fuel consumption of the turbojet during transient operation in scenarios that approximate realistic operating conditions.


This paper studies the popular Holt-Winters, SARIMA, and KalmanFilter prediction methods on industrial time series in the cybersecurity context. The analyzed datasets represent various data sources from internal networks, telecommunications, firewalls and email traffic, all with particular characteristics that require the utilisation of different algorithms and settings. This includes problems present in training data, being missing, wrong, or containing outliers. The obtained results provide an insight into the performance of the methods on typical industrial datasets, thus, enabling security practitioners to choose a "best fit" method for their use cases and guiding them in choosing the optimal size of training data and providing recommendations for the best settings of the given methods.


Simple Summary There is an unmet clinical need for imaging agents capable of detecting the presence, extent, and distribution of tumor cell death following treatment. We describe here a gallium-68-labeled derivative of the C2A domain of Synaptotagmin-I (68Ga-C2Am), which binds to the phosphatidylserine exposed by dying cells, for imaging tumor cell death in vivo using positron emission tomography (PET). Since PET is a highly sensitive tomographic imaging technique that is widely used in clinical oncology and gallium-68 has emerged as a cost-effective radiotracer that can be eluted on site from a benchtop generator, 68Ga-C2Am could find clinical application for the rapid assessment of tumor responses to treatment. Abstract There is an unmet clinical need for imaging agents capable of detecting early evidence of tumor cell death, since the timing, extent, and distribution of cell death in tumors following treatment can give an indication of treatment outcome. We describe here 68Ga-labeled C2Am, which is a phosphatidylserine-binding protein, for imaging tumor cell death in vivo using positron emission tomography (PET). A one-pot synthesis of 68Ga-C2Am (20 min, 25 °C, >95% radiochemical purity) has been developed, using a NODAGA-maleimide chelator. The binding of 68Ga-C2Am to apoptotic and necrotic tumor cells was assessed in vitro using human breast and colorectal cancer cell lines, and in vivo, using dynamic PET measurements in mice implanted subcutaneously with the colorectal tumor cells and treated with a TRAIL-R2 agonist. 68Ga-C2Am showed predominantly renal clearance and low retention in the liver, spleen, small intestine, and bone and generated a tumor-to-muscle (T/m) ratio of 2.3 ± 0.4, at 2 h post probe administration and at 24 h following treatment. 68Ga-C2Am has the potential to be used in the clinic as a PET tracer for assessing early treatment response in tumors.


Analysis of face images has been the topic of in-depth research with wide spread applications. Face recognition, verification, age progression studies are some of the topics under study. In order to facilitate comparison and benchmarking of different approaches, various datasets have been released. For the specific topics of face verification with age progression, aging pattern extraction and age estimation, only two public datasets are currently available. The FGNET and MORPH datasets contain a large number of subjects, but only a few images are available for each subject. We present a new dataset, VADANA, which complements them by providing a large number of high quality digital images for each subject within and across ages (depth vs. breadth). It provides the largest number of intra-personal pairs, essential for better training and testing. The images also offer a natural range of pose, expression and illumination variation. We demonstrate the difference and difficulty of VADANA by testing with state-of-the-art algorithms. Our findings from experiments show how VADANA can aid further research on different types of verification algorithms. The following sections provide details for the proposed challenge. The dataset details, the need and motivation for its creation, comparison to existing benchmarks and the experiments performed on the same have been provided in the attached paper.


Background: Two disciplines that work in the child welfare arena, social welfare and healthcare, are crucial for addressing families' and children's needs in social, emotional, and physical healthcare situations. How child welfare workers are trained and how healthcare teams collaborate with other stakeholders in the child welfare system is crucial in meeting and sustaining the needs of families and children. Methods: We demonstrate two case examples, one focusing on enhanced learning tools through virtual reality (VR) and the other on strengthening collaborations between healthcare teams and the child welfare system. Results: For the VR training tool, 79% of participants indicated they would recommend the VR learning tool as effective in developing skills in the child welfare workforce. In response to the learning collaborative project, child welfare participants reported positive impressions regarding collaborative practices while identifying system-level barriers to implementation. Conclusion: Findings from these two case studies provide insights from which to consider system development for designing and implementing sustainable improvements in child welfare approaches to families and children referred for suspected maltreatment.


We report the molecular beam epitaxial (MBE) growth of epitaxial InP using a valved phosphorous cracker cell at a range of cracking zone temperature (Tcr=875°C to 950°C), V/III flux ratio (V/III=1.2 to 9.3) and substrate temperature (Ts=360°C to 500°C). From Hall measurements, the as-grown epitaxial InP on InP (100) substrate was found to be n-type. The background electron concentration and mobility exhibited a pronounced dependence on the cracking zone temperature, V/III flux ratio and substrate temperature. Using a cracking zone temperature of 850°C, the highest 77 K electron mobility of 40900 cm2/Vs was achieved at a V/III ratio of 2.3 at a substrate temperature (Ts) of 440°C. The corresponding background electron concentration was 1.74×1015 cm-3. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra showed two prominent peaks at 1.384 eV and 1.415 eV, with the intensity of the low-energy peak becoming stronger at higher cracking zone temperatures. The surface morphology deteriorated following a reduction in the V/III ratio or an increase in the substrate temperature. In the extreme case, formation of free indium droplets and severe surface faceting occurred.


The purpose of this panel is to provide a forum to discuss the main IT security issues confronting organizations today. The panelists and attendees will discuss the existing gap between current IT security practices vs. best practices based on survey trends on IT security for the past 5 years, explore popular models used to justify IT security investments, and showcase some of the most popular hacking tools to demonstrate why it is so easy to compromise organizational IT security assets. The panel will conclude by discussing the emerging IT security standards and practices that may help deter, detect, and mitigate the impact of cyber-attacks. As the title suggests, we posit the question: Is Managing IT Security a Mirage?


The closesimilarities in the spectra of the Lyo: absorption forests in separate imagesof gravitationally lensed QSOs at high redshifts provide upper limits for the filling factor of the universe for gas that has undergone recent hydrodynamicdisturbances. Strong winds blowing for a substantial fraction of the local Hubble time do not significantly affect the low density regions which fill a large fraction of the volume of the universe. Many of the higher density absorbers appear to be photo-ionized and showsomeheavy elementenrichment. They also contain a cosmologically significant fraction of the baryons and the heavy elements in the universe at that stage of its evolution.


The South African records of the yellowbilled oxpecker Buphagus africanus are reviewed and acceptable ones mapped. No evidence for breeding between 1907 and 1941 or after 1942 has been found though vagrants may enter the country from the north. The extinction is largely due to the inaccessibility of the preferred prey, Acarine ticks of the genera Rhipicephalus and Amblyomma, following the collapse of populations of buffalo and rhinoceros spp. coupled with eating poisoned prey due to arsenical dipping of domestic stock starting at the turn of the century. We recommend that yellowbilled oxpeckers be reintroduced to game reserves in which they used to live.


The present invention relates to a metering system (1 ', 1' ') for a liquid to viscous Dosierstoff comprising an actuator system (2) comprising at least one actuating element (29, 55), and a nozzle (13) with an outlet opening (19) , In this case, the actuating element (29, 55) is first moved when moving in a closing direction (V) in a first portion of movement so that it is separated at an intended Anschlagort (31) of the closure element (15), and then to the closure element at the Anschlagort (31) is incident and a pulse (I) to the closure element (15) exerts. The invention also relates to a correspondingly designed dosing.


The catalytic activity of zeolites; A-type, natural clinoptilolite and mordenite modified with Cu and Pd cations via ion exchange was studied in the oxidative conversion of isopropyl alcohol to acetone under the action of oxygen. It is established that the highest activity and selectivity in this reaction is exhibited by natural mordenite containing 0.5% (wt.) Cu and 0.1% (wt.) Pd. The kinetics of this catalytic reaction is studied in the range of: temperature 150-250C, space velocity 10002500 h and different molar ratios of the reactants and inert diluent. Based on the experimental data, a possible stepwise mechanism is proposed and theoretically grounded kinetic model of the process is developed.


This article is devoted to analysis of the influence of new combined process "Equal channel angular pressing-drawing" on the microstructure and properties of deformed wire. From the result of investigation, figures of microstructure of deformed wire after third cycle of deformation and graphs of mechanical properties were obtained. It is shown that proposed combined method of deformation of "pressing-drawing" has a significant advantage compared with the existing technology of wire production.


Introduction: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been linked to abnormalities within three neural networks: default mode (DMN), salience (SN), and central executive (CEN). This study examined the effectiveness of LORETA z-score neurofeedback (LZNF) training for altering current source within these networks and reducing symptoms associated with PTSD. Methods: Twenty-three adults with chronic PTSD were randomly assigned to 15 sessions of either LZNF (n = 12) or heart rate variability biofeedback (HRVB; n = 11). Psychosocial and physiological assessments were completed at baseline and postintervention. Results: The LZNF group showed very large, statistically significant decreases in symptoms on the PTSD Checklist for DSM-V (PCL-5; p = .003, d = 2.09) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI; p = .003, d = 2.13). The HRVB group also showed very large decreases on the PCL-5 (p = .006, d = 1.40) and medium effects on the BAI (p = .018, d = 0.76). Between-group comparisons showed medium to large effects of group type in favor of LZNF (PCL-5 d = 0.57; BAI d = 0.94), although not statistically significant. LZNF Responders (n = 9) demonstrated very large, statistically significant decreases in abnormal z-scores within all targeted networks (DMN p = .012, d = 0.96; SN p = .008, d = 1.32; CEN p = .008, d = 1.33). Conclusion: The positive outcomes of this study provide preliminary evidence to support LZNF training as a specific, effective, and tolerable intervention for adults with chronic PTSD.


The relational database model used for developing an integrated database for an enterprise relies on developing relational schemas which can support efficient query processing and are free from various anomalies like insertion, deletion and update anomalies. Basically two approaches for database design have been proposed in the literature viz. bottom-up-methodology and decompositionmethodology. A bottom-up design methodology would consider the basic relationships among individual attributes as the starting point and it would use those to build up relations.


The invention discloses a constructed-wetland purifying system for alkali wastewater of an antimony ore tailing pond, belongs to wastewater treatment systems, and aims at providing a wastewater treatment system easy to maintain and manage, low in running cost and capable of continuously and effectively repairing a water body. The constructed-wetland purifying system comprises a multi-stage microorganism wetland reduction pond communicated with a multi-stage settling pond. The multi-stage settling pond is formed by at least two settling pond bodies (4) communicated in sequence. The multi-stage microorganism wetland reduction pond is formed by at least three microorganism wetland reduction pond bodies (1) communicated in sequence. A plurality of cutoff walls (3) alternately arranged at intervals are arranged in each microorganism wetland reduction pond body (1). A first straw layer (9), an organic fertilizer layer (8), a second straw layer (7) and a soil layer (6) are sequentially laid at the bottom of each microorganism wetland reduction pond body (1). The constructed-wetland purifying system is simple in structure, free of mechanical power devices, basically free of daily maintenance and management and good in water quality purification effect; the purifying system is used for treating the alkali wastewater of the antimony ore tailing pond.


Graves' disease (GD) is that the most ordinary type of gland disease in North the USA and affects 1-2% of the populace. Opportunity causes of gland disease, characterized by using to a fault excessive stages of endocrine inside the blood, include poisonous Multinodular Goiter (TMG) this is extra not unusual in Europe independent thyroid nodular illness, and physiological condition gland sickness, that takes place at some stage in maternity. A project pressure representing the ATA and AACE reviewed the clinical literature and modern-day standards of care and developed new hints that include hints for the subsequent preliminary analysis and management of thyrotoxicosis, treatment of GD victimization radioactive iodine, antithyroid medicinal drug, or surgery, control of GD in children, youth, and pregnant women, and subclinical adenosis. Researchers aren't high quality why a few parents expand response disorders like Graves' illness. Those issues in all possibility expand from a mix of genes and an out of doors cause, like an epidemic. With Graves' sickness, the gadget makes associate degree protein called Thyroid-Stimulating Immunoglobulin (TSI) that attaches to thyroid cells.


Escherichia coli bacteria are a source of food related illness. If irrigation water is contaminated by fecal matter runoff, crops may become infected prior to harvesting, processing, or packaging. Existing test methods require 16-48 hours for confirmation of bacterial infection in the irrigation water. Therefore, providing a means for a rapid detection of water borne coliform and E. coli within a typical workday of 8-10 hours would allow a preventative response. We have developed a method to determine bacteria presence by a measure of metabolic activity with a spectral analysis system. Metabolic activity of live bacteria will appear as a drop in solution pH in a relatively short time frame during the growth phase of the cultured bacteria. A blue LED is used to excite fluorescein fluorescence in the bacterial growth media. The fluorescence exhibits pH sensitive spectral properties within a range of pH 4-7. Unmixing of the fluorescence spectral profile yields the pH and confirms a growing bacteria culture. Results can be provided in hours instead of days, depending on the initial concentration of living bacteria.


Opt ima l cont ro l theory of viscous fluid mo t ion has i m p o r t a n t app l ica t ions in engineer ing science We will repor t on cer ta in fundamen ta l results concern ing the ma thema t i ca l reso lu t ion of the viscous f low con t ro l p r o b l e m A unif ied ma themat i ca l fo rmula t ion cover ing several cont ro l p rob l ems is p resen ted here In [12], a ma thema t i ca l theory for the op t ima l acce lera t ion of an obs tac le in incompress ib l e viscous f luid is p resen ted The ma in result there was the existence theorem for op t imal cont ro l The present work can be cons idered as a sequel to the above pape r However , the general fo rmula t ion we p rov ide here also covers a n u m b e r of o ther p rob lems such as the cont ro l of flow in b o u n d e d conta iners and rmnlmiza t ion of d i ss ipa t ion in channel flows. W e will begin wi th a general non l inear evolu t ion p r o b l e m with unbounded nonl inea r i ty Theorems concern ing the ma thema t i ca l s t ruc ture of var ious ope ra to r s involved in this equa t ion can be found in [12,11]. A solvabi l i ty theorem is p rov ided for this general system. A general cost funct ional which covers specific prac t ica l p rob l ems is def ined The existence theorem p rov ided here establ ishes the existence of an op t ima l cont ro l which cor responds to the m i n i m u m value of the cost. The value funct ion is def ined as the i m n i m u m value of the cost. I t is shown that the value funct ion is local ly Lipschitz . A n i m p o r t a n t result p roved in this context is that the value funct ion is a viscosi ty so lu t ion (in the sense of Cranda l l and Lions [6,5]) of the H a n u l t o n J a c o b i B e l l m a n equa t ion assoc ia ted with our cont ro l p rob lem. W e then use the me thod in [4,2] to der ive the Pon t ryag in m a x i m u m p n n c i p l e for the N a v l e r S t o k e s equat ions. F ina l ly we establ ish the ver i f icat ion theorem for the H a n u h o n J a c o b i B e l l m a n equat ion. This theorem provides the ma themat i ca l reso lu t ion of the feedback con t ro l p rob l e m for the N a v i e r S t o k e s equat ions. The present work can also be cons idered as a generahza t ion of the works of Barbu and has colleagues [2,1,3] which deal with evolu t ion systems with b o u n d e d nonhnear l t l e s


The rapid growth of data brought new challenges, the execution efficiency and scalability, for mining frequent patterns (FPs). To accelerate the execution, many algorithms based on the generate-and-test approach or FP-growth utilising parallel distributed technologies have been proposed in recent years. Most of the past studies focused on designing efficient mining algorithm, and none of them has explored how the appropriate number of computing nodes is determined. Using too many computing nodes will increase the execution time because the existing algorithms need to transmit the sub-databases or FP-trees over the network; using insufficient computing nodes may not effectively distribute the mining loading. In this article, we propose a novel algorithm for efficiently mining FPs with the ability to determine the appropriate number of computing nodes in distributed computing environments. Through empirical evaluations in various simulation conditions, the proposed algorithm is shown to deliver excellent performance in terms of execution time.


The present invention is related to a method of providing information on the aforementioned digital rights management features supported and as an electronic communication device and an electronic communication device 10, a computer program product, the computer program element and a computer data signal (35). The method, the content providing device 16, a computer program product and a computer program element for generating rights objects for provision to an electronic communication device and a system for management of digital rights is also mentioned. To an electronic communication device (10) provides a listing (36,38) of digital rights management features supported by each of the reference or at least two digital rights management schemes for at least listings, listing is referred to as a communication device, at least listing or the reference listing of the transforms to the content providing device 16. The content providing device 16 based on this listing generates a rights object 40 according to one of the schemes only including features common to all the schemes. Electronic communication devices, digital rights management features, the computer program product


Results obtained from experiments utilizing high power ICRF (ion cyclotron range of frequency) heating to stabilize sawtooth oscillations on TFTR are reviewed. The key observations include existence of a minimum ICRF power required to achieve stabilization, a dependence of the stabilization threshold on the relative size of the ICRF power deposition profile to the q=1 volume, and a peaking of the equilibrium pressure and current profiles during sawtooth-free phases of the discharges. In addition, preliminary measurements of the poloidal magnetic field profile indicate that q on axis decreases to a value of 0.55{plus minus}0.15 after a sawtooth-stabilized period of {approximately}0.5 sec has transpired. The results are discussed in the context of theory, which suggests that the fast ions produced by the ICRF heating suppress sawteeth by stabilizing the m=1 MHD instabilities believed to be the trigger for the sawtooth oscillations. Though qualitative agreement is found between the observations and the theory, further refinement of the theory coupled with more accurate measurements of experimental profiles will be required in order to complete quantitative comparisons.


Early modern naturalists were faced with what has been termed the 'first bio-information crisis'. A key figure in resolving this crisis was the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus (1707-1788). This paper will focus on Linnaeus's day-to-day working routines on the basis of manuscript material held at the Linnean Society(London). What this material shows is that Linnaeus had to manage a conflict between the need to bring factual information into a fixed order for purposes of retrieval, and the need to integrate new information into that order. A way out of this dilemma was to keep information on particular subjects on separate sheets, which could be reshuffled and complemented by additional sheets. It is only very late in his life, however, that Linnaeus realized the full potential of this technique, by inventing what look like index cards. What we thus hope to show in this paper is that one of the main cognitive advantages commonly assigned to writing – the possibility to abstract words and statements from their context and rearrange them freely in lists,tables and filing systems – had to prevail over considerable practical and psychological obstacles. What seems an obvious thing to do in hindsight, e.g. to work with something like index cards, had to be learned through an incessant, painstaking process of experimentation, fact-gathering, and reorganization.


Cu( In,Al) Se_2( CIAS) thin films have been obtained by rapid thermal processing selenization of magnetron sputtering Cu-In-Al precursor thin films. The influence of selenization temperatures on the structural and optical properties of CIAS thin films has been investigated. The result reveals that the crystal structure of CIAS thin films depends on selenization temperature and the band gap energy has a red shift with the increase of selenization temperature. It is noted that the optimum selenization temperature of the CIAS thin films is 540℃,and it has a pure chalcopyrite structure with a band gap energy of 1. 34 eV,which corresponding to the band gap energy of the theoretical maximum efficiency of solar cell absorber layer materials.


Objective To describe a new computerized mapping system with a noncontact balloon catheter and to assess the clinical utility and advantage of this system for mapping and ablation of refractory tachycardias. Methods Five male patients with a mean age of 33.2 years underwent electrophysiological study and radiofrequency ablation using the noncontact, computerized mapping system. A 9F 64 electrode balloon catheter and a conventional 7F ablation catheter were positioned via a femoral artery or vein into the same ventricular chamber. By use of the recorded location of the ablation catheter tip, ventricular three dimensional geometry was established. Using a boundary element inverse solution, 3?360 virtual endocardial electrograms were computerized and used to derive isopotential maps. Radiofrequency catheter ablation with linear or circular lesion was performed at the earliest activation sites or the isthmus guided by the locator system. Results Six kinds of tachycardia, 5 of ventricular and 1 of concealed fasciculoventricular fiber mediated tachycardia ,were induced by programmed stimulation in 5 cases and the mean cycle length of tachytcardia was (336.6±42.7)ms. Among the 6 kinds of tachycardia, radiofrequency ablation guided by the locator system was successful in 4 kinds. There were no complications during and after the procedure. In 4 months follow up no relapse occurred in those cured cases either. Conclusions The noncontact mapping system described in this study computes accurate isopotential maps that are used as a useful guide for catheter ablation of tachycardia,especially for hemodynamically unstable and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia. It is also suitable for understanding the electrophysiologic mechanism of rare kinds of tachycardia.


Ameloblastoma is an epithelial odontogenic tumour of the jaw and exhibits different microscopic pattern which occurs either singly or in combination with other pattern. Unicystic ameloblastoma is common odontogenic lesion, derived from epithelial and or mesenchymal elements being part of the tooth forming apparatus. This article describes the cases of unicystic ameloblastoma effecting 25-35 years old females. In these cases all cells of the cyst line looks like ameloblastoic cells. The lesion was located in the mandible. The lesion was marsupialized and no recurrence has been observed after 4 years. The occurrence, pathogenesis and prognosis of unicystic ameloblastoma reviewed.


Radio remains popular, delivering an audience reach of over 90 percent, but radio ratings may overestimate real advertising exposure. Little is known about audience and media factors affecting radio-advertising avoidance. Many advertisers have believed as much as one-third of the audience switch stations during radio-advertising breaks. In the current study, the authors combined Canadian portable people-meter data ratings to measure loss of audience during advertising. They discovered a new benchmark of 3 percent (across conditions) for mechanical (or actual physical) avoidance of radio advertising, such as switching stations or turning off the radio. This rate is about one-tenth of current estimates, but was higher for music versus talk stations, out-of-home versus in-home listening, and early versus late dayparts.


The conflict surrounding the use of economical and high-quality powder coating techniques on the one hand and protection of both employees and the environment on the other opens up remarkable potential for further development in the field of powder coating. Subjects under discussion include the role of powder coatings in the reduction of emissions, toxicologically harmful component substances and the avoidance and recycling of wastes.


We report a case of pontine haemorrhage in which symptoms and signs developed over a 2-months period. Surgery was successful but the patient subsequently died. The pathophysiology of subacute and chronic symptoms and signs is discussed.


Resumen en: Introduction. This article examined the effect of multimedia instruction on students' learning outcomes (achievement and interest) in secondary school ph...


Bona fide chattel acquisition system is established in the article 106 of Chinese Property Rights Law.Since there is no definite constitutive requirements in the article,a careful dissection of the terms,such as "Unauthorized Disposal","Bona Fides","reasonable price",and so on,must be made clearly to prevent the possibility of misinterpretation or abuse.All the constitutive requirements are as follows:Firstly,chattel acquisition should be legally traded.Secondly,assignee is bona fides when he obtains the right of chattel.Thirdly,assignor seems to have legal right to dispose of the chattel,in fact,he is unauthorized disposal.Fourthly,assignee obtains the right of chattel by legitimate business transactions.Finally,Assignee should possess the chattel which comes from the assignor.


Policy analysis of the U.S. dairy industry is of interest to dairy economists and analysts, both inside and outside government. A workshop on modeling the U.S. dairy industry was held by the NC-198 regional research committee on October 31, 1991. Five papers were presented, covering theoretical and empirical issues related to modeling the U.S. dairy industry for policy analysis. The theoretical issues covered related to statistical estimation of model parameters. Alternative dairy industry simulation models, spatial equilibrium models, and a study based on the linkage of existing models were discussed.


Introduction: Over 90% of HIV infections in children are acquired through the mother-to-child transmission route. Mother to child transmission can be prevented through use of efficacious antiretroviral drug regimens and complete avoidance of breastfeeding. This study evaluated the effectiveness of PMTCT program in Benue State, Nigeria. Methods: This was a retrospective study of infants and children perinatally exposed to HIV aged 6 weeks -18 months from Benue State, Nigeria. 5734 consecutive sample of infants and children identified from the EID laboratory register from January 2017-December 2017 were enrolled for this study. The details of ARV therapy commencement for mother and baby, infant feeding choices, and HIV PCR DNA test results were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Result: 225 out of 5734 exposed babies tested positive to HIV giving an overall prevalence of 3.9% (95% CI: 3.4 -4.4). When neither mother nor baby received ARVs the prevalence was 33%; when only baby received ARVs the prevalence was 10.8%; when only mother received ARVs the prevalence was 9.1% and when both mother and baby received ARV for PMTCT the prevalence reduced to 1.5%. Conclusions: This study has shown the usefulness of ARVs as the single most important intervention in PMTCT. There was a high prevalence of HIV among exposed children in our setting, especially if the mother and child pairs did not receive any form of antiretroviral prophylaxis. Therefore, there is need to expand antiretroviral coverage, ensure access of the PMTCT program, and provide effective services to support infected children.


By applying the singular value decomposition,the expressions for the least-square solutions,which are anti-symmetric orthogonal anti-symmetric matrix,of matrix equation AX=B on the linear manifoid are established.In addition,we have presented the optimal approximation to a given matrix.


The stability and bifurcation behaviour of a non-linear autonomous system in the vicinity of a compound critical point where the jacobian of the system exhibits three distinct pairs of pure imaginary eigenvalues is discussed. The system under consideration is assumed to have three independent parameters. The solutions for the incipient Hopf bifurcations as well as the sequences of bifurcations leading to two and high dimensional tori are explored. The analysis is carried out via a recently developed approach—the 'unification technique' and 'multiple-scale intrinsic harmonic balancing'. The approach enables one to obtain systematically a sel of simplified rate equations which govern the local dynamics of the system. This more comprehensive perturbation procedure leads to explicit asymptotic results concerning the bifurcation solutions and the associated stability conditions. An example drawn from electrical networks is analysed to demonstrate the applicability of the theory and analytic results.


Constituents in the United States have used local public meetings in recent years to shape policy on some of the most high-profile race-related issues. However, public meeting participation remains less studied relative to other modes of participation. This study investigates the extent to which race shapes the way a message is heard and evaluated by the public audience and the degree to which its impact depends on the issue of the message. To carry out the study, I set up a 2 × 3 experiment containing six short treatment videos in which I manipulated the race of the actor/speaker (Black or White) and the message issue (innocuous service request, race-related policy, and race-neutral policy). Subjects were randomly assigned to watch one of the six videos and then asked to evaluate the message in the video. The early results of this study show that unlike previous studies revealing racial bias in a range of political contexts in the United States, race exerts neither independent nor conditional effects on the evaluation of the message as reasonable. I discuss the limitations and implications of these findings and useful considerations to think about in expanding this study.


Global eradication of guinea a pond or othervpen ource, lar eAre discharged woIrm into the water ind iTen t cyetops, a small crustacean. The wSt cailnated with the Guinea worm disease (dracunculiasis) remains a infected cyclops must be-cofleted subsequently in serious impediment to development in certain another individual's water vessel and consumed. rural areas of Africa, India and the Middle East. Then another cycle begins. There is no Afflicting 20-40 million people, it has a significant transcutaneous transmission of the disease. detrimental effect on agricultural productivity, as The disease is particularly debilitating, with the well as being the cause of considerable human infected individual suffering severe local pain in suffering and sometimes death (Muller 1971). For the region of the ulceration, swelling, sometimes several reasons guinea worm appears now to be a arthritis and general malaise. The ulceration is unique candidate for global eradication which, if subject to secondary infection: in Upper Volta 7% achieved, would make it only the second disease of guinea worm victims die of tetanus (Raffier the other was smallpox so eliminated. Concern 1971). The acute symptoms last from one to three about this disease is timely because the potential months. In endemic areas 30-40% or more of for eradication has been greatly enhanced by the farmers are afflicted, with symptoms becoming recent creation of the United Nations manifest at the peak of agricultural activity, International Drinking Water Supply and usually the harvest but in some instances the Sanitation Decade. This special programme, planting season (Kale 1977). The result is launched at a one-day session of the United substantially diminished agricultural productivity Nations General Assembly on 10 November 1980, and, consequently, for these predominantly has an overall objective of providing 'clean subsistence farmers, often serious problems of drinking water and sanitation for all by 1990'. malnutrition for themselves and their families Because of the particular opportunity this (Belcher et al. 1975). Unlike most water-borne worldwide focus on drinking water provides, the diseases, guinea worm afflicts adults with a greater elimination of guinea worm has been identified as frequency than children. a specific and hopefully achievable sub-goal. The The potential for eradication is further World Health Assembly meeting in May 1981, in a enhanced by the fact that the disease is selfresolution supporting the Decade, similarly limiting, with the worms dying in the body after identified guinea worm control as a prime the reproductive phase is over; the individual thus objective. The success of this eradication effort becomes free of the parasite unless reinfected. depends in large part upon the support of medical However, no immunity is conferred as a result of leadership throughout the world, and therefore we previous infections. Similarly, the larvae in in the United Nations are most anxious that this contaminated water do not survive more than a becomes an issue with which the medical few months if they find no human host, so that the community, especially in the industrial countries, water ceases to be a source for the disease is familiar. provided no infected individual with open lesions Guinea worm is particularly vulnerable to a recontaminates it. concerted eradication programme because it is the Traditional treatment has been to seize the only disease transmitted exclusively by water and protruding end of the worm in an ulceration and only by the oral route. Other so-called 'waterattach it a match-like stick. A few inches of the borne' diseases such as typhoid, infant diarrhoea worm are then wound out each day around the and bilharzia, can be reduced in their incidence at stick until the parasite is completely extracted best by only around 60-70% solely by providing from the body. More recently, pharmacological clean water, because transmission is also approaches to the disease have been developed. faecal-oral or, in the case of certain parasites, The primary drugs used to treat persons infected transcutaneous (White et al. 1972). Because of the with guinea worm are mebendazole (Vermox), nature of its life cycle this is not the case with niridazole (Ambilhar), thiabendazole (Mintezol) guinea worm. The guinea worm at maturity and metronidazole (Flagyl). However, while,they emerges through the skin, most often on the lower effectively alleviate individual infections, no drug extremities, causing severe ulceration. Eggs are is suitable for mass treatment (Muller 1979). deposited in the lesion by the protruding end ofthe In the endemic areas of the world among the worm. When the ulcer comes into contact with population without access to clean water, only water, usually at a time when the infected approximately 6.2% are afflicted by guinea worm. individual is obtaining drinking water standing in The United Nations is therefore asking


In addition to novel surface states, topological insulators can also exhibit robust gapless states at crystalline defects. Step edges constitute a class of common defects on the surface of crystals. In this work we establish the topological nature of one-dimensional (1D) bound states localized at step edges of the [001] surface of a topological crystalline insulator (TCI) Pb$_{0.7}$Sn$_{0.3}$Se, both theoretically and experimentally. We show that the topological stability of the step edge states arises from an emergent particle-hole symmetry of the surface low-energy physics, and demonstrate the experimental signatures of the particle-hole symmetry breaking. We also reveal the effects of an external magnetic field on the 1D bound states. Our work suggests the possibility of similar topological step edge modes in other topological materials with a rocks-salt structure.


Unit rotation effects nurses professionally because frequent rotation increase the issues regarding role stress, burnout and fatigue that occurs because of different work for short period of time therefore, it decreases nurses' commitment level. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of unit rotation and role stress on organizational commitment among nurses. Chi square test was used to explore the relationship of variables. All the female staff nurses' age 21 to 45 years and all those nurses having experience less than 20 years and all those nurses who were present on duty and show willingness to participate were included in this study. The findings of this study reveal that nurses take rotation as challenge and find it a healthy practice for the vast field experience which is a good gesture for the organization. The ultimate goal should be to increase nurses' job satisfaction and encourage them to stay in their career. This would avoid the vicious circle of high turnover, which is wasteful of the organization's valuable human resources. Keywords: Unit Rotation; Role Stress; Organizational Commitment.


V3Geo is a cloud-based repository for virtual 3D models in geoscience, allowing storage, searching tools and visualisation of 3D models typically acquired through photogrammetry (structure-from-motion), laser scanning or other laboratory-based 3D modelling methods. The platform has been developed to store and access 3D models at the range of scales and applications required by geoscientists – from microscopic, hand samples and fossils through to outcrop sections covering metres to tens of kilometres. A 3D web viewer efficiently streams the model data over the Internet connection, allowing 3D models to be explored interactively. A measurement tool makes it possible for user to measure simple dimensions, such as widths, thicknesses, fault throws and more. V3Geo differs from other services in that it allows very large models (consisting of multiple sections), is designed to include additional interpretations in future versions, and focuses specifically on geoscience through metadata and a classification schema.

The initial version of V3Geo was released in 2020 in reaction to the COVID-19 pandemic, with the aim of providing virtual tools in a time of cancelled field excursions, field-based courses and fieldwork. The repository has been accepting community contributions, based on a guideline for preparing and submitting high quality 3D datasets. Contributions are subject to a technical review to ensure underlying quality and reliability for scientific and professional usage. Model description pages give an overview of the datasets, with references, and datasets themselves are assigned Creative Commons licences. The 3D viewer can be embedded in webpages, making it easy to include V3Geo models in virtual teaching resources. V3Geo allows increased accessibility to field localities when travel or mobility is restricted, as well as providing the foundation for virtual field trips. The database currently includes around 200 virtual 3D models from around the world, and will continue to develop and grow, aiming to become a valuable resource for the geoscience community. Future updates will include tools to facilitate upload and technical review, interpretations and Digital Object Identifiers.


We propose a novel block-wise authentication algorithm for binary images. We partition an image into tree structured, mutually exclusive, and collectively exhaustive blocks. The size of each block depends on the number of flippable pixels in the block. Flippable pixels are found in the binary wavelet transform domain. A random bit sequence generated by the block identifying key is embedded into the flippable pixels in the block. Block-wise localization of tampered region is accomplished by verifying the random bits. While previous research results show partial imperfect localization for special cases, our results do not show those problems.


The invention relates to a resonant-type electric switching circuit which comprises a resonant-type switching unit, a control unit, a current detection unit, a voltage detection unit and a frequency modulation unit, wherein the control unit is used for outputting a switching signal to the resonant-type switching unit so as to regulate the output of the resonant-type switching unit, and the current detection unit and the voltage detection unit are used for detecting an output current and an output voltage of the resonant-type switching unit. The frequency modulation unit is used for regulating and controlling the lowest switching frequency of the control unit according to the detected output current and the detected output current. Therefore, the gain and the output stability of the resonant-type switching unit are improved.


A synthesized scheme is presented to solve the ambiguity problems in ab-solute distance measurement, the principle and the structure of the system is introduced. The digital signal process for fast positioning is discussed in detail. Meanwhile, an expansion method is put forward to expand the dynamic range of the optic fiber interferometry system. Some experimental results are given.


This paper aims at the request of dividing different waves. The request is often met in the field of color pickup. Dividing different waves is realized by introducing binary optical element. Based on scalar diffraction theory, the distribution of its diffraction field was calculated and the fabrication parameters were also optimized. The element is fabricated with Sol-gel method. We also built the testing system and obtained some results of the experiment.


This discussion paper constitutes a summary enumeration of the merits of proof-of-stake (PoS) algorithmic designs in cryptocurrencies, particularly in contrast to proof-of-work (PoW) and proof-of-research (PoR) designs, and this in turn raises questions about the suitable choices of cryptocurrency protocols from maintenance, network, and environmental perspectives.


Detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs), which were first produced from detonation of explosives in 1960s, have recently found attractive applications, such as in bioimaging, cellular marking, and drug delivery to DNA, thanks to their excellent biocompatibility, nontoxicity, and dimensional, thermal, and chemical stability . However, it has been a challenge to deaggregate the nanodiamonds, despite many efforts during the past 40 years. In 2002 and 2003, Osawa et al. made significant progress by recognizing the microstructure of DNDs agglomerates and developed the technique of wetstirred-media milling and bead-assisted sonication to destroy the agglomerant mechanically. As a result, the nanodiamonds were dispersed in solution. This work brought DNDs as a "novel" nanomaterial into nanoscience and bionanotechnology. 6] However, the mechanical process may contaminate the nanodiamonds, and the dispersity of DNDs still needs to be improved. 8] Laser heating has been widely adopted for the synthesis of nanomaterials. Herein, we propose that selective laser heating in liquids can be an effective solution process to deaggregate DNDs. It was demonstrated that the raw DNDs are aggregates of primary nanodiamonds connected with amorphous carbon and covalent bands. On the other hand, nanodiamonds have a large band gap of about 5.5 eVand are transparent to visible or infrared light; in contrast, amorphous carbon without a band gap can absorb the light and be heated. On the basis of this understanding, we suspended the DNDs in liquid and irradiated them using an infrared laser (wavelength 1064 nm). The amorphous carbon absorbs the laser energy and is heated into hot carbon species. Subsequently, the explosion of amorphous carbon can further destroy the covalent bonds between primary nanodiamonds in DNDs. As a consequence, the primary nanodiamonds are released from DNDs and dispersed in liquid free of contamination. Once the amorphous carbon and covalent bonds are removed, the fresh surface of the primary nanodiamonds is then exposed to the liquid environment and can bond facilely with the solvent, thus giving rise to functional nanomaterials. Hu et al. reported the one-step laser synthesis of luminescent nanocomposites by in situ modification of carbon nanodots with organic molecules during nanoparticle formation. Similarly, we have produced nanodiamonds with unique properties by varying the liquid medium. We find that magnetic properties of DNDs change significantly after deaggregation, and the well-dispersed nanodiamonds coated with organic ligands give visible-light emission. Because of the inert features of nanodiamonds, these luminescent nanomaterials are expected to find useful applications in bioimaging and biosensing. Three samples were prepared to investigate the effect of different treatments on the dispersion of DNDs. Samples 1, 2, and 3 (denoted S1, S2, and S3) were the products of sonication, acid oxidization, and laser treatment of raw DNDs, respectively. The raw DNDs are severe agglomerates with amorphous carbon around the crystal nanodiamonds (Supporting Information Figure S1). After sonication treatment, the nanodiamonds in S1 were still agglomerated and coated with amorphous or graphitic carbon (Figure 1a,d). After acid oxidization, the degree of aggregation in S2 has decreased (agglomerate diameter ca. 50 nm, Figure 1b,e). However, well-dispersed nanodiamonds were only obtained in S3 after laser treatment (Figure 1c,f). TEM images indicated that the average size of the nanodiamonds is about 6.3 nm (measured from 150 particles; see inset in Figure 1c). The suspension of nanodiamonds with fine sizes (S3) was stable even after five-month storage. In contrast, S1 and S2 precipitated completely only after one month (Supporting Information Figure S2). As a control experiment, laser irradiation of acid-oxidized DNDs did not markedly improve their dispersity (see the results for S4 in Supporting Information Figure S3). The size distributions of the three samples subjected to different treatments (S1, S2, and S3) were measured using dynamic light scattering (DLS). The effective diameters of particles in S1, S2, and S3 are 1300, 167, and 9.8 nm, respectively (Figure 2a). Although there are deviations between the effective diameters determined by DLS and those observed in the TEM images (e.g., 9.8 vs. 6.3 nm for S3), the results from these measurements agree roughly and show the same trend. We further measured size distribution of DNDs after they were irradiated for different lengths of time. DLS results show that the extent of aggregation decreases gradually with the irradiation time, which suggests that the [*] K. Y. Niu, Dr. J. Yang, Prof. J. Sun, Prof. Dr. X. W. Du Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 (People's Republic of China) Fax: (+86)22-2740-5694 E-mail: email@example.com


We describe an action of the concordance group of knots in S3 on concordances of knots in arbitrary 3‐manifolds. As an application we define the notion of almost‐concordance between knots. After some basic results, we prove the existence of non‐trivial almost‐concordance classes in all non‐abelian 3‐manifolds. Afterwards, we focus the attention on the case of lens spaces, and use a modified version of the Ozsváth–Szabó–Rasmussen's τ ‐invariant to obstruct almost‐concordances and prove that each L(p,1) admits infinitely many nullhomologous non almost‐concordant knots. Finally we prove an inequality involving the cobordism PL ‐genus of a knot and its τ ‐invariants, in the spirit of [Sarkar, Math. Res. Lett. 18 (2011) 1239–1257].


The present invention relates to a field of estimating biological information. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a biological information estimating apparatus comprises: a sensing unit for measuring an optical signal and a temperature from a subject; and a processor for performing temperature correction in the optical signal, measured from the subject, based on the measured temperature by using an optical signal-temperature relation, and estimating biological information of the subject based on the temperature-corrected optical signal.


Previous work on neutrino emission from proto-neutron stars which employed full solutions of the Boltzmann equation showed that the average energies of emitted electron neutrinos and antineutrinos are closer to one another than predicted by older, more approximate work. This in turn implied that the neutrino driven wind is proton rich during its entire life, precluding r-process nucleosynthesis and the synthesis of Sr, Y, and Zr. This work relied on charged-current neutrino interaction rates that are appropriate for a free nucleon gas. Here, it is shown in detail that the inclusion of the nucleon potential energies and collisional broadening of the response significantly alters this conclusion. Isovector interactions, which give rise to the nuclear symmetry energy, produce a difference between the neutron and proton single-particle energies ΔU=U_n−U_p and alter the kinematics of the charged-current reactions. In neutron-rich matter, and for a given neutrino/antineutrino energy, the rate for ν_e + n → e^− + p is enhanced while ν_e + p → n + e^+ is suppressed because the Q value for these reactions is altered by ±ΔU, respectively. In the neutrino decoupling region, collisional broadening acts to enhance both νe and ν_e cross sections, and random-phase approximation (RPA) corrections decrease the νe cross section and increase the ν_e cross section, but mean field shifts have a larger effect. Therefore, electron neutrinos decouple at lower temperature than when the nucleons are assumed to be free and have lower average energies. The change is large enough to allow for a reasonable period of time when the neutrino driven wind is predicted to be neutron rich. It is also shown that the electron fraction in the wind is influenced by the nuclear symmetry energy.


Background Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) disease leads to deviant helical flow patterns especially in the mid-ascending aorta (AAo), potentially causing wall alterations such as aortic dilation and dissection. Among others, wall shear stress (WSS) could contribute to the prediction of long-term outcome of patients with BAV. 4D flow in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has been established as a valid method for flow visualization and WSS estimation. The aim of this study is to reevaluate flow patterns and WSS in patients with BAV 10 years after the initial evaluation. Methods Fifteen patients (median age 34.0 years) with BAV were re-evaluated 10 years after the initial study from 2008/2009 using 4D flow by CMR. Our particular patient cohort met the same inclusion criteria as in 2008/2009, all without enlargement of the aorta or valvular impairment at that time. Flow patterns, aortic diameters, WSS and distensibility were calculated in different aortic regions of interest (ROI) with dedicated software tools. Results Indexed aortic diameters in the descending aorta (DAo), but especially in the AAo did not change in the 10-year period. Median difference 0.05 cm/m2 (95% CI: 0.01 to 0.22; P=0.06) for AAo and median difference −0.08 cm/m2 (95% CI: −0.12 to 0.01; P=0.07) for DAo. WSS values were lower in 2018/2019 at all measured levels. Aortic distensibility decreased by median 25.6% in the AAo, while stiffness increased concordantly (median +23.6%). Conclusions After a ten years' follow-up of patients with isolated BAV disease, indexed aortic diameters did not change in this patient cohort. WSS was lower compared to values generated 10 years earlier. Possibly a drop of WSS in BAV could serve as a marker for a benign long-term course and implementation of more conservative treatment strategies.


Abstract Uranium and thorium have sufficiently low radioactive dose rates to allow their study at synchrotrons and neutron facilities. Correspondingly, numerous compounds of these two actinides have been studied under pressure by synchrotron x-ray diffraction. The maximum pressures reached were on the order of 60-80 GPa, and 300 GPa in one case. The situation is much more difficult for all other actinides. Their high level of radioactivity has up to now prevented their study at synchrotrons, except in a few special cases. In contrast, all actinide metals available in sufficient quantities, and a large number of compounds of highly radioactive actinides, have been studied in highpressure laboratory facilities. Recent examples of in situ high pressure x-ray diffraction work will be described.


Water injection (WI) is very critical in Oil Fields to improve pressure build up; hence maximizing oil recovery and increase volume.
 In X field in South Sultanate of Oman, Water Injection is a key factor to stabilize Oil production. In 2018, rapid pressure decline has been seen in oil producing wells. Since then, a clear decline is seen in water injector wells which resulted in Oil lost up to 100 m3 of Oil per day.

 To arrest WI decline, a 'Lean Six-Sigma' study was carried out using the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve & Control) approach. The DMAIC approach is a proven improvement approach in global industries successfully utilized outside of Oil and Gas for number of years, but never utilized in this context until now.
 The application of this approach helped significantly to enhance and reduce the defect, decline and variation, of the injectivity process. The DMAIC approach helped the team to understand the problem, analyze it and identify the root cause of the injection decline, to reach an optimized solution which is replicated across the field.

 The study showed that, due to the reservoir having low permeability and porosity, even a small amount of TSS (Total Suspended Solids) in the formation can have a significant negative impact on well injectivity. As a result, optimized acid stimulation was recommended for X wells until water is treatment facility is on stream by end 2023. A new acid recipe showed a lower defect, decline and variation in injection rate trend for the piloted WI wells. This had a significant improvement on X field injection and acceptance for the water and hence increase overall production and sustainability of pressure support across the field.
 The results have proven that, by using this structured approach, the unwanted variation in injectivity and the level of process defects were reduced significantly which resulted in major oil gains.

 Using this novel Lean Six-Sigma approach to improve injection managed to obtain the following impressive results on increase in Oil gain by 25 m3/day (9.8k/day $) 3.6 Million $ / Year.
 Along with the impressive oil gain, this study will provide opportunities to many organizations for healthier and enhanced implementation of Lean Six-Sigma projects for Water Injection issues in Oil and Gas Fields. Furthermore, it has opened new era to the way similar problems are tackled.


This paper reviews the structure, function and applications of collagens in food industry. Collagen is the most abundant protein in animal origin. It helps maintaining the structure of various tissues and organs. It is a modern foodstuff and widely used in food and beverage industries to improve the elasticity, consistency and stability of products. Furthermore, it also enhances the quality, nutritional and health value of the products. Collagen has been applied as protein dietary supplements, carriers, food additive, edible film and coatings. Therefore, this paper will review the functions and applications of collagen in the food and beverage industries. The structure and composition of collagen are also included.


With the increasing trend of the aging population, nursing homes have gradually become more and more important in society. Nursing work has the characteristics of "multiple shifts, high time-varying demand, hierarchical and collaborative". Multiple shifts indicates multiple shifts can cover the same time period in 24h of a day; high time-varying demand means the demand in each period may change greatly in a day; hierarchical indicates nurses have different levels; collaborative means employees with different levels cooperate to serve the elderly. This paper involves the shift design problem(SDP) and hierarchical staffing problem, and a two-stage modeling method is adopted. We will design shifts and determine the number of nurses needed for each shift in the first stage and the number of nurses with different levels for each shift is further determined in the second stage. Besides, we also made some sensitivity analysis about the impacts of different matching ratios on the total costs, which obtained some useful conclusions. The results can provide effective enlightenment and rich significance to solve practical problems.


Abstract : During the past three years personnel from Electro-Dynamics Laboratories and Stewart Radiance Laboratory of Utah State University have supported AFCRL personnel in successfully obtaining atmosopheric infrared emission spectra aboard a KC-135 aircraft. Data were obtained using an Interferometer System and an NIR Radiometer System. These systems have been maintained, updated, evaluated, and calibrated throughout the contract period. In addition, a highspeed, nitrogen-cooled, radiation chopper system has been designed, fabricated and installed to make the desired infrared measurements possible. A set of vibration isolation platforms to accommodate the interferometers in the aircraft was also developed and installed. (Author)


. This paper presents the experimental and numerical investigation of flow distribution in the tubular space of cross-flow fin-and-tube heat exchanger. The tube bundle with two rows arranged in staggered formation is considered. A standard heat exchanged manifold, with inlet nozzle pipe located asymmetrically is considered. The outlet nozzle pipe is located in the middle of the outlet manifold. A developed experimental setup allows one to measure volumetric flow rate in heat exchanger tubes using the ultrasonic flowmeters. The measurement results are then compared with CFD simulation in ANSYS CFX code using the SSG Reynolds Stress turbulence model, and a good agreement is found for tube Re numbers varied from 1800 to 3100.


Implementation of agricultural technologies for crop cultivation is not possible without the use of energy-saturated tractors. As a result of the passage of tractor movers, they have a negative effect on the soil, leading to its compaction and lower crop yields. The aim of the research is to determine the influence of movers of various running systems of energy-saturated tractors on the physical and mechanical properties of the soil. To assess the impact of tractor movers on the soil, mathematical dependencies were presented to determine the soil index characterizing the physical and mechanical property of the soil, which is changed as a result of the impact and its influence when assessing the complex indicator of soil impact. The results of field studies of the effects of movers of the tractors K-701 and K-744 on the soil are presented. As a result of the research, it was found that the serial single mover of an energy-saturated tractor exerts a strong effect on the soil, creating a high voltage in it leading to excessive soil compaction. The use of double wheels in comparison with single wheels makes it possible to reduce the negative impact on the soil; in particular, a decrease in stresses occurring in the soil to 10.1% and a decrease in soil density along the tracks of movers to 13.8% were recorded. The results of the calculation of a comprehensive indicator of the negative impact on the soil by different tractors are presented. The proposed methodology allows optimal manning of the enterprise's vehicles providing minimal impact on the soil and crop preservation.


Antidepressant drugsMood-stabilizing drugsAnxiolytic drugsAntipsychotics and the treatment of women with psychosisDrug interactions with oral contraceptivesTreatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorderTreating depression in pregnancyAntidepressant medications and breastfeedingTreatment for mood disorders in menopausal womenNature's own medicinesAlcohol, nicotine and drug abuse in womenIndex


Abstract : This equipment grant focused on four areas: (1) portable diode laser sensors with new fiber-coupled diode lasers and the support equipment to provide higher power with extended wavelength tuning range and speed; (2) agile wavelength tuning to cover a broader wavelength region; (3) new wavelength sources for the ultraviolet to expand the wavelengths available for sensor strategy research; and (4) portable data acquisition and laser control electronics.


The establishment and analysis of a marking utility model is of great importance in achieving paperless marking and improving the accuracy and efficiency of marking. Through the application of modern technology, students' examination results can be evaluated more objectively and provide an important basis for determining the final effect of talent training. This paper provides a systematic analysis and modelling of the marking process, and uses a variety of techniques and methods to address the issue of marking staff arrangements. Firstly, the impact of the proportion of markers per question, the proportion of the average mark for each question to the total mark for that question, the proportion of blank papers and the error rate on the speed of marking was explored by analysing marker-related indicator variables and the basic requirements for completing the marking process. Then, principal component analysis was used to reduce the dimensionality of the four factor variables affecting marking speed, and two principal components with strong correlation with marking speed were obtained to provide a more systematic and comprehensive analysis of the influence of marking speed. Finally, an integer programming model and simulated annealing algorithm were used to solve for the optimal arrangement of markers to ensure that the requirement of simultaneous completion of workload for each question was met. In this paper, the optimal allocation of markers is analysed and the time required for all markers to complete the marking process at the same point in time is calculated to be 3.3 days. Two optimal allocations of markers are proposed for each question type per day and for each question type per hour in a day.


The present invention relates to novel copolymers and methods for producing same, wherein the copolymers contain the following as building blocks: a C1 -20 alkyl (meth)acrylate and/or C8-20 vinyl aromatic (monomer a); a monoethylenically unsaturated, hydrophilic monomer comprising at least one sulfonic acid group (-SO3M) (monomer b); and a monoethylenically unsaturated monomer comprising at least one oxazoline group (monomer c); and wherein the fraction of monomers a) and b) in total is less than 50 wt%, with respect to the total amount of monomers in copolymer A.