National education aims to develop the potential of students to become a faithful and pious human bevig to God the Almigty, to have noble character, health, knowledge, skills, creativity, independence, and become demotratic and accountable durigns. The formulation of national education goals is fundamental in the development of the nation's character In a more narrow context such as mathematical context, the character is more emphasized on attitude and personally and also manners such as being critics, native, logica1 and flexible, persistent, precise and accurate besides, the other 18 values and characters that have been raised b y Puskur (2011). The purpose of this paper writing is to describe the character values existed and can be developed in the learning of mathematics, as well as to describe the implementation of character education in learning mathematics. From this discussion it can be conchided that in the learning of mathematics actually contains the values of character, namely consistency, compliance, discipline, balance, creative, and innovative.


The invention relates to the field of protective equipment, in particular to an anti-cutting neck cover, comprising a collar and a garment body; the collar includes an outer collar and an inner collar, the inner side of the inner collar and the inner side of the outer collar are oppositely provided with corresponding hook and loop fasteners, and an anti-cutting material may be put in an interlayer between the outer collar and the inner collar and is three-dimensional spacer fabric made with one or more of high-strength polyester, high-strength nylon, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, m-aramid, heterocyclic aramid, polysulfonamide, polyimide and graphene composite.The anti-cutting neck cover can serve as a fake collar for common shirts, the anti-cutting material can also be put in the interlayer between the outer collar and the inner collar to effectively prevent the neck from being cut by sharps, the anti-cutting neck cover also has the advantages of warmth retention and attractiveness, and the anti-cutting material has the advantages of high cutting resistance, light weight and softness.


Results are presented which relate the mean-squared value of the aperiodic crosscorrelation function for periodic binary sequences to their aperiodic autocorrelation function. Bounds on the mean-squared aperiodic crosscorrelation are given in terms of the mean-squared aperiodic autocorrelation.


The technology of generative adversarial networks (GAN) is constantly evolving, and synthesized images can no longer be accurately distinguished by the human eyes alone. GAN has been applied to the analysis of satellite images, mostly for the purpose of data augmentation. Recently, however, we have seen a twist in its usage. In information warfare, GAN has been used to create fake satellite images or modify the image content by putting fake bridges, buildings and clouds to mislead or conceal important intelligence. To address the increasing counterfeit cases in satellite images, the goal of this research is to develop algorithms that can classify fake remote sensing images robustly and efficiently. There exist many techniques to synthesize or manipulate the content of satellite images. In this paper, we focus on the case when the entire image is forged. Three satellite image synthesis methods, including ProGAN, cGAN and CycleGAN will be investigated. The effect of image pre-processing such as histogram equalization and bilateral filter will also be evaluated. Experiments show that satellite images generated by different GANs can be easily identified by individually trained models. The performance degraded when model trained with one type of GAN samples is employed to determine the originality of images synthesized with other types of GANs. Additionally, when histogram equalization is applied to the images, the detection model fails to distinguish its authenticity. A four-class universal classification model is proposed to address this issue. An overall accuracy of over 99% has been achieved even when pre-processing has been applied.


Lyman α intensity measurements (1216 A) were obtained by a photometer on board the Ogo 5 spacecraft outside the geocorona. The Lyman α emission originating from hydrogen atoms in the upper part of the geocorona was derived from the total measured intensity after subtraction of the extraterrestrial emission. The hydrogen density distribution between 5 and 16 RE was deduced. This distribution is consistent with the evaporative atmospheric model of J. W. Chamberlain on the night side. A depletion of atoms found above a distance of 6 RE on the day side could be accounted for by the action on satellite particles of charge exchange with solar wind protons and by the solar Lyman α radiation pressure, according to numerical computations of both effects. It was also calculated that orbits with a perigee of 2 RE are rapidly distorted by radiation pressure. The mean time spent in the exosphere by satellite particles on such orbits is only 5 × 105 sec, one-half the ionization lifetime.


The article discusses some theoretical foundations of the economic space, its formation and development. The author analyzes principle features of the standard classic theories hypothesizing homogeneity of the economic space.


Nationalism and Archaeology in Europe: An Introduction (Margarita Daz-Andreu and Timothy Champion. ) The Fall of a Nation, the Birth of a Subject: The National Use of Archaeology in Nineteenth-Century Denmark (Marie Louise Stig Srenson. ) French Archaeology: Between National Identity and Cultural Identity (Alain Schapp. ) Islamic Archaeology and the Origin of the Spanish Nation (M. Daz-Andreu. ) Archaeology and Nationalism: The Portuguese Case (Carlos Fabio. ) Nationalism Without a Nation: The Italian Case (Allessandro Guidi. ) Three Nations or One? Britain and the National Use of the Past (T. Champion. ) Building the Future on the Past: Archaeology and the Construction of National Identity in Ireland (Gabriel Cooney. ) German Archaeology and Its Relation to Nationalism and Racism (Ingo Wiwjorra. ) Drang nach Westen? Polish Archaeology and National Identity (Wlodzimierz Raczkowski. ) The Faces of Nationalist Archaeology in Russia (Victor A. Shnirelman. ) Nationalism Doubly Oppressed: Archaeology and Nationalism in Lithuania (Giedrius Poudziunas and Algirdas Girinikas. ) Is There National Archaeology Without Nationalism? Archaeological Tradition in Slovenia (Bozidar Slapak and Predrag Novakovic. ) Epilogue (Miroslav Hroch.)


A homogeneous catalyst, 3-benzyl-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-1,3-thiazolium chloride, for addition of aldehydes to activated double bond, was attached to 20% cross-linked polystyrene-divinylbenzene copolymer. The attached catalysts could be easily removed from the reaction mixture. Polymer-attached thiazolium salts in the presence of triethylamine are active catalysts for addition of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes to α,β-unsaturated ketones to yield γ-diketones.


Using the questionnaire survey,this paper demonstrates the mobile reading behaviors among college students in Hunan Province from the basic situation of mobile reading,reading behaviors,reading devices and network access,readings type,reading payment,reading satisfaction,and reading service in college library,and probes into the demand characteristics and development trend of mobile reading for college students. This paper provides a reference basis for the study of the theory and library mobile reading services.


Food allergy implicates an adverse reaction after ingestion of food, which is induced by immunological mechanisms. The clinical symptoms of allergic reactions to foods are mainly characterized by the oral allergy syndrome (OAS), but also include cutanous symptoms such as urticaria and angioedema, respiratory symptoms including rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma, or gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and diarrhea. The majority of food allergies represent type I allergic reactions. In childhood, food allergy is mostly caused by milk, egg, fish, peanut, soybean and wheat, whereas in adults pollen-associated food allergy to fruits and vegetables plays a major role. The prevalence of food allergens reflects the food consumption patterns of the population; peanuts represent an important food allergen in the United States, while fish allergens predominate in Scandinavia and France.


Software quality properties, normally derived from non-functional requirements, are becoming more important for software. A main reason for software evolution is the unsatisfaction to software quality properties. When improving these properties through software evolution, it is essential to know whether software functions are affected and by how much. This paper proposes an approach to linking the functions with the quality properties of software for evolution via software architecture styles, aiming at contributing to (1) predicting evolution efforts and (2) transforming software for improving its quality.


Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the present status of falls among inpatients in general hospitals and to identify the fall risk factors that reflect the characteristics of domestic hospitals. Methods: Data were collected between December 15, 2016 and January 15, 2017 from 32 Korean hospitals having 500 or more beds. First, 42 risk factors were extracted based on literature review and expert opinions. Then the importance of each factor was evaluated by 223 nurses from medical and surgical adult ward and intensive care units in 40 hospitals. Results: The incidence rate of falls in 18 hospitals was 3.87 per 1,000 total discharged patients and 0.55 per 1,000 patient-days, and the rate of injury-related falls was 40.5%. Major risk factors for falling were identified as the following: being over 65 years of age, history of falls during admission, physical mobility disorders requiring assistance, physical factors (dizziness or vertigo, unstable gait, general weakness, walking aids, visual problems), cognitive factors (delirium, lack of understanding on limitations), neurological disease, CNS medications Conclusion: The findings provide information that can be in the development of a fall risk assessment tool for inpatients in general hospitals in Korea.


C hinesische Grammatik, a famous German sinologist, was published and published in 1881. The Chinese version was translated by Mr. Yao Xiaoping in 2015, which has aroused the attention and research of Chinese scholarsLi Wuwei, published in the 5th issue of Chinese Language in 2017, said in the article "From German Hans Georg von der Gabelentz < Chinese >(1881) to the late Qing Dynasty, Chinese and Japanese Chinese classics >—— the mirror image of the modern history of Chinese grammar between the East and the West" that "Chinesische Grammatik" absorbed the essence of many European scholars' Chinese grammar research. As a result of the collection of academic strengths, but also the Chinese grammar of the master ."Mr. Yao Xiaoping (2018) proposed that the focus of the study of the book should be "the presenters of the grammatical thought of" the longitude and weft of Chinese, that is, whether it can enlighten the study of Chinese grammar today, or how much value it has for reference ."Therefore, when we study the Chinesische Grammatik, that is, with the purpose of excavating its practical significance, we find that the era of Hans Georg von der Gabelentz life is still a subject of linguistics. Although there is no pragmatics, the appellations in the Chinesische Grammatik, especially in its comprehensive system, clearly reflect his transcendental pragmatic thoughts. As we all know, Chinese is a mature language, which can be fully reflected in its lexical system. Chinese has


summary
Higher plants arc commonly exposed to rapid changes in the amounts and proportions of ammonium and nitrate in their root environment. Some of the potential consequences of such changes have been determined by examining the suppressive effects of growing maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings with a high concentration (3 mM) of nitrogen on the subsequent uptake of nitrogen from a more dilute (0.2 mM) solution. To document the interactive role of nitrate and ammonium supply in suppression, ratios of these ions in the growth solution were maintained at 3:0, 2:1, 1:2 and 0:3. Rates of nitrate and ammonium uptake were then measured during initial (0–1 h) exposure to 0.2 mM KNO3 or NH4NO3 and hourly during a subsequent 7 h period of adaptation to the dilute solutions.

Maximal suppression of nitrate uptake occurred only when both nitrate and ammonium were present (2: 1 and 1:2) during prior growth. Nitrate uptake rates increased two- to three-fold as the seedlings adapted to the dilute KNO3 solution, but the presence of ammonium with nitrate in the prior growth solution restricted the rate and extent of recovery from suppression. Recovery was further restricted when ambient ammonium was present during the adaptation period. Neither the magnitude of suppression nor the rate and extent of recovery was readily explained by (a) the proportion of nitrate and ammonium present during prior growth, (b) carbohydrate concentrations in root and shoot tissues, (c) concentrations of nitrate and ammonium in the root tissue, or (d) indirect effects of ammonium on potassium uptake.

Total nitrate reduction by the entire plant in the 8 h adaptation period decreased as the proportion of ammonium in the prior growth solution increased. Ambient ammonium restricted nitrate reduction only in seedlings previously grown entirely with ammonium. Thus the effect of ambient ammonium on nitrate reduction by the whole plant differed substantially from that on nitrate uptake. Since nearly all the ammonium taken up by the roots was assimilated, as well as that generated by nitrate reduction, it appears that carbohydrate supply did not limit the observed uptake of ammonium and nitrate. The accumulation in roots of both nitrate and specific metabolites of ammonium serving as negative electors could account for most of the observations.


1 Thepotencies oftwotachykinin antagonists [D-Pro4, D-Trp7 9"41-SP-4,) and[D-Arg', D-Pro2, DTrp7'9, Leull]-SP(,II1) against fourtachykinins were examined ina range ofsmoothmuscle preparations, including guinea-pig ileumandbladder andratcolonmuscularis mucosae and duodenum. 2 Parallel shifts inthelogdose-response curvesofallthetachykinins tested were observed inall tissues, exceptinthecaseoftheguinea-pig bladder where[D-Pro4, D-Trp7'9" 0-SP(4, ] was without effect atconcentrations up to32jaM. 3 Theslopes oftheSchild plots forthetwoantagonists didnotdiffer significantly fromunity, withthe exception of[D-Pro4, D-Trp7'9"0I-SP(4 11)intheratduodenum, which may indicate a heterogeneous receptor population inthis tissue. Theantagonists displayed agonist selectivity inthecaseofthe guinea-pig ileum wherelogdose-response curvestosubstance Pandphysalaemin wereshifted less than those toeledoisin andkassinin. 4 Rankorders ofpotencyforeledoisin, kassinin, physalaemin andsubstance P inthefive preparations studied allowed classification ofthetissues bythepredominant receptor typeaccording tothe'SP-P' and'SP-E' scheme. 5 Itisconcluded that[D-Pro4, D-Trp7'9,11_-SP(41 1), inparticular, displays tissue selectivity that may indicate different receptor populations, butclassification ofreceptor andtissue types on this basis does notfully correspond withclassifications based onagonist potencies. Suchschemes should therefore be treated withcaution atthis stage.


A set of inlet fluid reservoir comprising: an inlet tube (1) extending from a mounting structure (2) on its proximal end; a set of float valve (6, 7) disposed beyond the distal end of the inlet tube (1) and including a member (7) float; fixed (21) an obstruction located within a housing (22) disposed between the inlet pipe (1) and member (6) float; characterized in that the obstruction (21) blocks any direct line of sight through the inlet pipe (1) to float member (6); and that a path (23) flow between the obstruction (21) and the housing wall is defined to allow fluid flow to the assembly (6, 7) of float valve around the obstruction (21).


In universities, the basic level organizations and members of the Democratic Party give play to the important functions, and participate in the democratic management and supervision of the school. It plays a positive role in carrying out "the sixteen-word principle" of the cooperation of the Chinese Communist Party and the democratic parties. It also assures the scientific decision of the school, reflecting the conditions and wills of the people, preventing social corruption. Yet, comparing with the roles of the CPPCC participation in government and political affairs at different levels, the democratic parties are quite different with regards to responsibility, authority, scope, method and carrier.


The depletion interactions between two ellipsoids in three configurations were studied by both Monte Carlo simulation with the Wang-Landau algorithm and the density functional theory in the curvature expansion approximation. Common features of the depletion interactions were found and the results were as expected. By comparing the results of the two methods, it is concluded that density functional theory under the curvature expansion approximation gave very good results to the depletion forces.


In the past, Ewing's sarcoma of bone was considered one of the most lethal forms of cancer. Long-term survivors were unusual; reported survival rates ranged from 0% to 15%.4 Surgical resection or amputation was the usual treatment, although a wide variety of other treatment modalities were attempted and found ineffective. Subsequently, it was observed that Ewing's sarcoma is relatively radiosensitive and that radiation therapy can be utilized to control the primary lesion. With the addition of combination chemotherapy to control microscopic systemic disease, modern survival rates are considerably impro~ed.~.' Thus, until very recently, the usual accepted treatment for Ewing's sarcoma has been radiation therapy for the primary lesion combined with adjunctive combination chemotherapy. There is now a need to reconsider the role of surgery in the treatment of the primary lesion, at least in certain selected situations. Radiation therapy gives rise to several areas of concern which make it desirable to consider surgery as an alternative form of treatment. In general, these concerns may be classified as those relating to the effectiveness of radiation therapy in controlling the primary lesion and those relating to the undesirable effects and complications of radiation therapy.


This special issue of the International Journal of Early Childhood (IJEC) recognises the 30th anniversary since the rights of children in international law were acknowledged in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC; United Nations 1989). Since that time, social reform agendas stemming from the Convention have been instrumental in addressing national and international policies in relation to the rights of children and youth. Broadly speaking, the UNCRC addresses children's interests across "the three Ps", covering children's rights to provision, protection and participation.

The early years are a "critical period for realizing children's rights" (United Nations 2006, p. 3). When UNCRC came into force in 1989, the Committee on the Rights of the Child was also established as was required by Article 43. This committee monitors progress on the implementation of the UNCRC and also applies a process by which issues of importance to the recognition of children's rights are investigated, either as specific provisions identified in UNCRC articles or general problems of implementation. Early childhood organisations and programs catering for children, aged birth to 8 years, at local, state and global levels have become more active in addressing young children's rights, resulting in recommendations for how adults are expected to engage with young children.

In this special issue, a range of articles from across the world are featured that explore how children's rights have been enacted in early childhood education, and the challenges and opportunities that are afforded to young children and their families within a children's rights agenda.


Software product management within Software as a Service is key domain of interest given the recent advances in Cloud Computing. This thesis explores the product management challenges within this domain. It makes a contribution to understanding how factors such as architecture, customer experience measurement, customer driven feature prioritization, editorial action of product manager and development process affect product success in the SaaS domain. SaaS product management dictates different priorities from traditional software and product managers and organizations must adapt to these changes to


GPS Navigation is the first choice to help autonomous mobile robots accomplish some difficult tasks outdoor.The system here uses ARM chip S3C6410 from Samsang Inc.as processor,with Windows CE 6.0 embaded.What's more,the uppercomputer software,developmented by Visual Studio 2008,reads NMEA navigation data from GPS module GS-91 through serial port,and gets current position form it then.,which can be used to construct the route map and show robot the way.At last,the system works outdoor for test,and it dose well.Above all,the system is a good example for autonomous mobile robot's GPS navigation.


This paper describes a discrete event simulation model of post-earthquake restoration for the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power water supply system. It mimics the real-life process in detail, simulating the movement of different types of crews as they inspect, reroute around, isolate, and repair system damage. For any given earthquake, the model provides restoration curves with uncertainty bounds, maps showing the spatial distribution of outages over time, and crew and repair material usage information. Results for the 1994 Northridge earthquake suggest the model is capable of accurately estimating the time and spatial sequence of the restoration. It can be useful for loss estimation and resilience assessment, evaluating the effectiveness of hypothetical restoration strategies, and improving understanding of the restoration process and its key determinants. This is the first application of discrete event simulation to post-disaster water supply restoration, and one of the first for any infrastructure system.


This paper introduces a system briefly which contains S3C2410 chip and Linux operating system.The system expand USB wireless network module,USB image acquisition module and numeric control system module.The scheme of transplanted Linux-wlan-ng based on the system is put forward,its realization and applications.For specific application:USB image acquisition module collect image data of parts on numeric control system.Meanwhile image data is transmitted to pc or remote terminal by wireless net-work module to achieve real-time monitoring and accurate measurement for parts.


ranging. Caius College possesses one of the earliest series of matriculation books, recording its students' geographical and social origins from the 1570s, and Brooke has pertinent things to say about them, about the masters, the benefactors and their careers, and about masters, the benefactors and their careers, and about the library and its books. And to be fair, he provides footnotes and a good bibliography, indicating where further material can be found.


ABSTRACT A case of fever, sepsis, and chest lesions evident on a computed tomography scan of an indigenous man in northern Australia following burns to the feet is described. Sputum PCR testing revealed Mycobacterium leprae, and a fine-needle aspirate of the chest lesions demonstrated Cryptococcus coinfection.


Coal is an important source of energy and plays an important role in the cement manufacture in the country. It is estimated the 70% of the Indian coals are of inferior grade with high ash content. The Indian coals in general are of higher ash content , typically the calorific value of 3400-4800 cal/g with ash content ranging between 20 -50%. The Cement clinker manufacture with use of such high ash coals, along with the available marginal limestone deposits necessitates higher consumption of high grade limestone , availability of which is scarce in the country. This necessitates beneficiation of the high ash coal. Conventional methods like washing for coal beneficiation are generally the method used which generates an appreciable quantum of higher ash containing middlings and rejects which require to be suitably used. Use of Biotechnological methods for beneficiation of coal has created newer opportunities and challenges. In one of the short term exploratory work carried out at the TSS laboratory attempts were made to assess the possibility of bio-leaching of the ash in high ash coals , through the use of silica leaching bacteria isolated from cement Raw Materials such as Limestone, Dolomite, Coal , Iron ore etc . The bacteria belonging to the Thiobacillus species such as Thiobacillus thiooxidans , Thiobacillus ferroxidans and Bacillus Circulans . The findings of this short term exploratory project were very encouraging, although the research activity could not be subsequently pursued at the authors laboratory. The paper discusses the experimental data generated at authors laboratory related to isolation and development of cultures (Thiobacillus and Bacillus species) , type of media for bio leaching of ash in coals with varying ash contents of 35 45% . The paper discusses the experimental results , which indicated a reduction of ash content by 15 18 % , the ash reduction being dependent on the type of media used , and incubation time and the type of bacteria species .The authors also attempted to correlate the reduction of ash content with soluble silica content in the leachates with time . Based on the observations the authors conclude that the bio beneficiation route has a high potential to evolve into a cleaner environmentally friendly technology for beneficiation of coal and other minerals. 1.0 INTRODUCTION: In the emerging energy scenario of the country, coal is an important commercial source of energy and plays a vital role in the India's economy. It is most abundantly available fuel resource, accounting nearly 67% of the energy needs of our nation apart from other areas of its usage, thus coal emerges as a backbone of Indian economy and plays an important role in the cement manufacture in the country. The Indian coals in general are of higher ash content (ash content ranging between 20 -50%), with the calorific values in the range of 35005500 cal/g . In the Cement manufacture, with use of such high ash coals, along with the available marginal limestone deposits necessitates higher consumption of high grade limestone, availability of which is scarce in the country. This necessitates beneficiation of the high ash coal. Conventional method like washing for coal is inescapable. Indian coals are generally difficult to wash because of the intimate dispersal of mineral matter in the coal substance which results in an appreciable loss of combustibles during washing in the form of middlings and rejects . Coking properties of coals are extremely ash sensitive. Higher ash content washed coal cleans, have poorer coking properties in comparison with lower ash coals. Several processes based on physico –chemical principles such as gravity, magnetic and electrostatic separation, froth flotation, selective flocculation, oil agglomeration and hydrophobic coagulation have been studied , out of these processes only froth flotation is being commercially used for beneficiating coal. The selective flocculation process involves the formation of flocs by selective adsorption of flocculates onto coal particles so that the flocs could be separated from unwanted minerals. Use of Biotechnological methods for beneficiation of coal has created newer opportunities and challenges. The selective separation of fine coal from the associated pyrite and ash forming minerals has been studied extensively , the literature reveals that microbial desulphurization of coal indicated a substantial reduction in ash content of coal. The bacterium Thibacillus Ferrooxidans and Thiobacillus thioxidans are effective in leaching pyritic sulphur and ash from coal. The bacterium Thiobacillus ferrooxidans was effective in leaching 80% and 63% pyrite at 2% and 6% pulp density respectively. Some autotrophic bacteria such as thiobacilli and nitrifying bacteria can degrade alumino-silicates using mineral acids (sulphuric and nitric) generated in the metabolites.. The silicate bacteria are typically heterotrophic microorganisms and require organic substances as sources of carbon and energy, moreover, they specifically require silicon and aluminum for optimum growth. Carbohydrates, such as glucose and sucrose are the preferable carbon and energy sources. The laboratory investigations have shown that bacteria and fungi could effectively remove of iron and silica from clays, sand and bauxite ore. The bioleaching of silica from low grade limestone with use of Bacillus Circulans bacteria (16) indicated the reduction of silica from 20% to 14.5% after 7 days. As a part of summer Project, a short term exploratory work was carried out at the TSS laboratory. In this project attempts were made to assess the possibility of bio-leaching of the ash in high ash coals through the use of silica leaching bacteria isolated from different cement Raw Materials such as Limestone, Dolomite, Coal ( of different sources ), Iron ore etc. The bacteria belonging to the Thiobacillus species such as Thiobacillus thiooxidans, Thiobacillus ferroxidans and Bacillus Circulans were used for the study. The findings of this short term exploratory project were very encouraging, the results are discussed in this paper. At the TSS labs the research activity could not be subsequently pursued at the author's laboratory , it has been felt that the option of bio beneficiation of coals could be quite attractive , if the studies on this alternative are carried out through the heap leaching concept using selected species of bacteria and fungi. 2.0 EXPERIMENTAL: 2.1 Materials: The coal used for Biobeneficiation studies was coal-W having ash content of 44%, moisture content of 4.4%, volatile matter of 26% with a calorific value of 3920cal/g. The analysis of Coal-W used for the study is given in Table -1. The coal sample was passed through 150 μm sieve followed by filtration and drying. The coal sample was stored in a refrigerator to minimize oxidation and was used for the bio-beneficiation experiments. Table -1 : Analysis of Coal-W


We report results of a series of NVT Monte Carol simulations on systems of molecules interacting via a Gay–Berne (GB) potential within a spherical cavity modelling a polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal (PDLC) droplet. The cavity walls have been simulated by constructing a spherical shell of GB particles, each oriented towards the centre of the drop in an attempt to promote radial boundary conditions. The wall–fluid interactions have been modelled with a modified 1–3 GB potential (with energy exponents µ-1 and ν= 3, respectively) to favour radial alignment. We show results for the molecular organization in the droplet for a 2–1 and 1–3 fluid–fluid potential. We also show the radial order parameter as a function of temperature and droplet size. It is found that at low scaled temperatures a layer of radially aligned particles is formed, but this ordering does not propagate towards the centre of the drop unless the drop is relatively large or all the fluid–fluid interactions are modelled with the 1–3 potential. In this situation, concentric shells of aligned particles are formed, with a small smectic-like domain in the centre.


Objectives: The function of the Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal (HPA) axis during opioid dependence has been inconsistent. We compared HPA axis measures between subjects during methadone stabilization and drug-free detoxification with healthy controls. Methods: Sixty heroin dependent patients received either non-opiate treatment (NOT) with benzodiazepines and clonidine (n = 30) or methadone stabilization treatment (MT, n = 30), and their serum levels of corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and cortisol (COR) were measured and compared to those of healthy, nondependent controls. Results: Compared with healthy controls, CRH was significantly lower (p <. 001) while COR was higher (p <. 001) during acute withdrawal in the NOT group. CRH and COR was lower (p <. 001), while ACTH was normal in the MT group compared to healthy controls. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that chronic opioid dependence may cause reduced function of the HPA axis, while opioid withdrawal may decrease the response of the pituitary to CRH and increase the adrenal response to ACTH.


Recent literature shows that the risk premium is efficiently estimated in the usual two-pass procedure, estimating betas in the unrestricted model, and then regressing returns on estimated betas. This paper shows that this is not so when allowing for factor unobservability. Imposing the financial theory restriction from the outset leads to a strictly positive efficiency gain in the risk premium estimation. In addition, the role of an associated efficiency gain in the beta estimation is studied in the context of a zero-beta model. Copyright 1994 Blackwell Publishers.


Objective To study the therapeutic effects and the potential mechanism of Chansu on the L615 leukemia and provide some advice to its clinical practice. Methods After the model was estabished successfully, Chansu solution (respectively by the low, middle, high dose once a day) was injected intraperitoneally for 10 days continually, the body weight, survival time, peripheral blood leukocyte count and classification, platelet count, hepatosplenic index, hepatic and splenic and bone marrow smears, bone marrow leukocyte classification were observed and the apoptosis rates were determined by FCM. Results The weight in L615 group decreased obviously and the groups injected with Chansu had few changes; the survival time of Chansu groups were longer than those of L615 group, and there were significant differences between middle and high dose Chansu groups(P0.05 or P0.01); peripheral hemogram, different illness time within the same group, leukocyte count and platelet count changed a lot after the experiment ( P0.05 or P0.01); during the dying period, compared with the L615 group, the leukocyte and platelet count and the L615 leukemia cell percentage had differences ( P0.05 or P0.01);significant differences was observed between the splenic index of death leukemia mice and those in L615 group (P0.05); the FCM proved that Chansu could induce the apoptosis of L615 leukemia cells in dose-dependent manner. Conclusion Chansu has some therapeutic effects to the L615 leukemia. To induce apoptosis is one of its mechanisms. Also, Chansu can inhibit the infiltration of leukemia cells to immune system.


AS a factor in industrial accident 1--l prevention the casualty insurance company is certainly not surpassed by any other agency, and in the effectiveness of its work over the widest range it is unequalled. Its importance in this field is due to the fact that accident prevention is a necessary part of its business so far as workmen's compensation and employers' liability insurance are concerned. Just as the


Due to the fact that web services spread around the world, new threats are increasing. The misuse intrusion detection system is not able to provide enough protection for the security of Web Services, because it only detects formerly known attacks and cannot detect new unknown attacks. Web logs contain a lot of valuable information that is useful in preventing intrusion. In this paper, we present a new web anomaly detection method which uses FCERMining(Frequent Closed Episode Rules Mining) algorithm to analyze web logs and detect new unknown web attacks. The novel FCERMining algorithm parallelly mines the frequent closed episode rules on Spark, which handles massive data rapidly. Meanwhile, it reduces a part of rules which are redundant for anomaly detection to improve the matching efficiency. Then we also propose a grouping scheme to improve the parallel efficiency of FCERMining algorithm. Finally, we use SQLMAP and WebCruiser to simulate some web attacks, our method has a detection rate of 96.67% and a false alarm rate of 3.33% for detecting abnormal users. Our experimental results also demonstrate the reduction of redundant rules improve the matching efficiency. Furthermore, we compare the efficiency of our FCERMining algorithm with other pattern mining algorithms, experimental results indicate that our FCERMining algorithm outperforms other pattern mining algorithms.


The automatic test data generation for program functions is one of the elementary problems in software functional testing.This paper addresses the problem by presenting a technique of dynamic self-organizing neural networks to automatically generate test data for revealing software faults.The technique consists of two parts: the first one is niche genetic algorithm,which generate a small initial fault test data set in software input domain;the second one is dynamic self-organizing feature map,which can repeatedly generate lots of test data for finding faults by using initial fault test data set.These can provide the developer with fault data information to identify fault patterns or hypothesis in software.The approach is used on a C program which is part of missile launch control system.Experimental results show that the method is more efficient than niche genetic algorithms and random techniques.


The health risk assessment of heavy metals in food crops fumigated with pesticides as the only source of contamination are mostly overlooked. This study determined the concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu and Zn) in some food crops and soil fumigated with pesticides from agricultural farms and their health risk in human. The mean concentrations of heavy metals in different parts of the crops ranged from 0.12-2.03, 1.73 -23.34, 1.60-1150.50, 0.67 -19.50, 0.09 -6.14-mg/kg for Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, and Cd respectively. The concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Cr in the investigated crops were above the WHO, (2011) permissible limits. Heavy metals concentration varied significantly in different parts of most of the studied crops and were in decreasing trend of Cu>Pb>Cr>Cd>Zn . The mean concentration of heavy metals in the corresponding soils of all the crops fumigated with pesticides from agricultural farms were higher than adjacent control soil which has not been fumigated with pesticides. Most of the crops showed bio accumulation factor (BAF) >1 values for Cd, Pb and Zn and BAF value was maximum for copper (141.75) in Oryza sativa. Pollution indices showed all the investigated crops were contaminated for Cd, Pb and Cr and are likely to pose potential health risk to humans. The estimated daily intake for Cd, Pb had exceeded the USEPA, (2006) oral reference dose daily limit. Hazard Quotient >1 was observed only from the consumption of Oryza sativa (3.504) for Cu and could likely cause potential health risk in human. More so, Hazard Index showed that the inhabitants may experience adverse health risk through the consumption of Oryza sativa (4.666), Zea mays (1.475), capsicum annuum (1.132) for all the studied metals. Therefore, the need for monitoring of heavy metals in the edible part of crops and soil to see if they exceed the permissible limits. Indiscriminate use of these chemical pesticides most be regulated and use of bio pesticides cannot be overemphasized.


This two-part case describes a challenging and painful period for James Michaels, a young and openly gay assistant professor of computer science at a small Midwestern liberal arts college. To James's surprise and disgust, a male student harasses him using a homophobic slur in an e-mail. The case chronicles not only the harassment incident, but also how college administrators and faculty colleagues handle this allegation. James soon finds himself in complete disappointment with the outcome and unsure how to proceed. He perceives that the college administrators, along with some of his colleagues, discount the severity of the harassment incident and in doing so disregard his rights and fail to hold the offending student fully accountable for such policy-violating behavior. Students assigned this case, taking into account James's perspective, are asked to identify and recommend specific strategies to achieve justice and accountability in this context.


This article discusses the transaction costs of the organization. It is reducing transaction costs is one of the reserves increase the effectiveness of the organization. In this regard, were identified the main types of transaction costs inherent in the modern economy, as well as the causes and factors contributing to their increase. On the basis of studies have identified factors that contribute to reducing transaction costs and ways to minimize them in the modern economy


Prostaglandin F (PGF) was measured in the testes, epididymides, vasa deferentia, seminal vesicles, coagulating glands, ventral prostate and dorsolateral prostate of adult male rats. Most of the PGF present in the vas deferens was located in its luminal contents but apparently was not associated with spermatozoa. The secretions of seminal vesicles and coagulating glands contained very little PGF. Castration reduced PGF concentration in the vas deferens and seemed to have caused a similar change in the epididymis and the seminal vesicles. Administration of testosterone propionate to castrated rats increased concentrations of PGF in the vas deferens, seminal vesicles and apparently in the epididymis. These observations suggest that the synthesis of PGF in the reproductive system of the male rat is under androgen control. In mice, concentrations of PGF in the epididymis and in the seminal vesicle were increased after castration. However, in both rats and mice the content of PGF in these tissues was reduced in...


The Government of Ghana is about to take steps under its Land Administration Project to initiate the adoption of geographical information systems (GIS) in the administration of land. This paper identifies some of the challenges for Ghana's leading lands agency, the Lands Commission Secretariat, and highlights problems such as the paucity of reliable data sets and lack of standards. One of the major planning issues in Accra is that of building encroachments, for which no digital information is currently available. The paper reports on a pilot study to record encroachments on public land and demonstrates the type of inconsistencies that are apparent between the planning and cadastral data sets that do exist. The paper emphasizes that appropriate applications of GIS in Ghana's land sector are those that consider the political, social and institutional contexts within which GIS is to be operationalized.


Tissue accumulation of aluminum (A1), a known toxin, has been reported in formula fed infants (Lancet 1985;2:527). This study aims to determine the extent of A1 contamination in whole milk and infant formulas. Similar products from different manufacturers (M) and different lots (L) were measured for A1 using electrothermal atomic absorption. A1 measurements were made directly from the samples or after dilution with A1 free water. A1 content was lowest in human milk (27±6 μg/1, m±SE, n=6), whole cow milk (26±2 μg/1, n=3), bottled glucose water (13 and 17 μg/l, n=2), and sterile water (25±8 μg/l, n=3); highest in highly processed and modified formulas including soy formula (1102±163 μg/l n=14 from 3M/12L), "premature" formula (660±68 μg/l, n=13 from 2M/10L), special formulas with modified protein, carbohydrate or fat (983±134 μg/l, n=7 from 1M/7L and 3 products). A1 content of humanized CM formulas was 203±16 μg/l, n=31 from 3M/26L and 14 products, and for bottled glucose-electrolyte solution was 73±6 μg/l, n=3. There were no significant differences in A1 content of similar products from different manufacturers. Thus there are marked differences in A1 loading depending on the type of formula used. We suggest that A1 contamination of infant formulas may be lowered by altering manufacturing procedures and the use of low A1 additives.


The development of robust, survivable wireless access networks requires that the performance of network architectures and protocols be studied under normal as well as faulty conditions where consideration is given to faults occurring within the network as well as within the physical environment. User location, mobility, and usage patterns and the quality of the received radio signal are impacted by terrain, man-made structures, population distribution, and the existing transportation system. The work presented herein has two thrusts. One, we propose the use of overlapping coverage areas and dynamic load balancing as a means to increase network survivability by providing mobiles with multiple access points to the fixed infrastructure. Two, we describe our simulation approach to survivability analysis which combines empirical spatial information, network models, and fault models for more realistic analysis of real service areas. We use our simulation approach to compare the survivability of our load balancing protocols to a reference scheme within two diverse geographic regions. We view survivability as a cost-performance tradeoff using handover activity as a cost metric and blocking probabilities as performance metrics. Our results illustrate this tradeoff for the protocols studied and demonstrate the extent to which the physical environment and faults therein affect the conclusions that are drawn.


The recombinant Bac-gv2 DNA was obtained by inserting a fused gfp gene with Bacillus thuringiensis vip2A(c) gene encoding possible enzymatic component under the control of the polyhedrin gene promoter of the baculovirus Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV). Trichoplusia ni cell line TnHi5 was transfected with Bac-gfp and Bac-gv2 DNAs respectively. Fluorescent cells expressing the fusion protein GV2 were much fewer than those expressing GFP alone, and did not obviously increase in number from 2 to 5 days after transfection. This results show that Vip2A fusion protein may have an ADP-ribosylating activity on cell skeleton actin and exert an influence on insect cell, the production and diffusion of the budded virus.


Disclosed are various embodiments relating to a method and device for estimating the angle of a base station transmission beam by calculating the time difference between reception signals acquired through simultaneous beam sweeping to multiple antenna arrays. According to various embodiments, an electronic device may comprise: one or more first antennas; one or more second antennas spaced predetermined distance apart from the one or more first antennas; and a communication circuit electrically connected to the one or more first antennas and the one or more second antennas, wherein the communication circuit acquires a designated signal output from a base station as a first reception signal through the one or more first antennas and a second reception signal through the one or more second antennas, the first reception signal and the second reception signal are transmitted as one base station transmission beam, the time difference between the first reception signal and the second reception signal is obtained, the angle of the one base station transmission beam is calculated at least on the basis of the predetermined distance and the time difference, and the phase of a signal to be input to the one or more first antennas or the one or more second antennas is adjusted on the basis of the angle.Various embodiments are possible.


Abstract We were pleased to hear that a longstanding author to Beiträge had received the Tobacco Science Research ConferenceLifetime Achievement Award in 2012 - Dr Serban C. Moldoveanu. Dr Moldoveanu has published 21 papers in our journal. In 14 of these, he was the first author. The first article ofDr Moldoveanu was published in Beiträge in April 2000, the most recent will appear in this issue of Beiträge. We congratulate Dr SerbanModoveanu on being awarded the Tobacco Science Research Conference LifetimeAchievement Award in 2012. We as editors of BeiträgezurTabakforschung International are also a little proud that hehas chosen our Journal for publishing a major part of this tobacco-related work in his successful career. Please also readthe laudation by Dr Anthony R. Gerardi on pages 496 to 497.


Objective To establish an optimal management strategy for anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction (APBJ) typing and its relation to biliary tract neoplasm and explore the principle for its treatment. Methods The clinical data of 64 adult patients with APBJ receiving surgical treatment in our hospital from December 1979 to October 2001 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among the 64 cases, 28 were typed P-C (group A), 32 C-P (group B) and 4 common-channel (group C). The number of cases with biliary tract neopalsms was 11, 8 and 2 in group A, B and C, respectively. Conclusions APBJ is closely related to occurrence of biliary tract neoplasms. Different types of APBJ result in different biliary tract neoplasms. The patients with APBJ should be treated as early as possible.


Mesenteric cyst is rare with a variable clinical presentation. The clinical presentation is not characteristic and the preoperative imaging although suggestive but not diagnostic. In most cases, the diagnosis is confirmed following surgical exploration. We report a case of chylolymphaticus variety of mesenteric cyst in18-year-old girl, who was presented to us with diffuse abdominal pain and lump in the lower abdomen for 14 days. Ultrasonography (USG) of the abdomen revealed large cystic lesion(12x10.8x11.4cm, volume77cc) in the abdominal cavity containing dense echogenic debris within, with no obvious flow in the wall-suggestive of twisted chocolate cyst. Exploration of the abdomen revealed a solitary cyst containing milky fluid about 55 cm distal to dudenojejunal flexure and twisted cyanosed coils of intestine. Histopathology of the excised cyst was consistent with chylolymphaticus cyst (Mesenteric cyst)
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2019; 37(2): 83-85


As we all know, the United States is short of women engineers in the work place. Many female students lose interest in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) at an early age. How to encourage and retain female students' interest in STEM is a challenge faced by many educators. The paper describes our collaboration (Wentworth Institute of Technology (WIT)) with an allgirl high school to setup a robotics workshop. The high school administration is interested in bringing engineering and technology as a new component to their curriculum. From our side, we constantly seek outreach opportunities to prompt STEM and attract more girls into the STEM fields. After meeting and discussion with the high school administration, a robotics workshop was developed. The workshop was a year-long program that served as an extra curriculum activity for the girls. The program was launched in Fall 2014, starting with seven girls. By the end of the first year, there were only two students remained in the program. It was thus noticed that retention was a big problem. To increase retention rate, several changes were made in the second year when the workshop was offered, including for example, making the equipment available onsite at the high school, training a science teacher from the high school, providing more detailed step-by-step instructions, designing more individual (instead of integrated) tasks to help students understand the basic concepts, and to simply practice more. Results show that these modifications greatly improve students' learning experience since an average of six to seven girls participated throughout the entire workshop in the second year. This paper summarizes our work and experience in setting up a robotic program at an all-girl high school during the past two years. Details about curriculum development, adjustment, and modifications for improving retention rate are described. Introduction & Background Nowadays, more and more scientists, engineers and innovators are needed to succeed in the global competitive economy environment. As a result, this requires quality science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) education. Unfortunately, few American students pursue education and training in the STEM fields. Further, there is an inadequate pipeline of teachers who skilled in these subjects. After noticing this challenge, the whole STEM society has made great efforts to increase STEM-related activities, which have the potential to promote collaborative learning and inquiry as well as to contribute to the development of the 21 century skills. The US government also realized the shortage of STEM workforces. It initiated the "Educate to Innovate" program to increase student participation in all STEM-related activities. The ultimate objective of these activities is to encourage more students to choose an education in the STEM fields and pursue a STEM-related career in the future. Extra after-school curriculum programs have been reported to be an efficient way to prompt STEM education. To name a few, these programs may include science club, visits to museums & natural settings, robotics, science fairs, Science Olympiads, and Mathematics Olympiads. Robotics has been widely adopted as an integrated and efficient tool to prompt STEM, since the nature of the robotics science is both multi-disciplinary and inter-disciplinary covering subjects such as Computer Science, Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics. Another feature that makes Robotics suitable for the mission is that it provides a platform for students to learn, act/react, and practice. Research shows that youth participation in the robotics activities increases their STEM knowledge, their perceived problem solving skills, and their interest and confidence in engineering careers. Getting more students involved in the STEM education is already a challenge. Attracting more female students into the STEM fields can be even harder. Many institutions and organizations have realized this challenge and provided various activities to promote female students into the STEM fields. In addition, different strategies were developed to recruit and retain students in the STEM education. Creating quality, attractive STEM programs and using peer influence to motivate high school girls into the STEM field appears to be effective ways to retain female students in STEM. AKL et. al. demonstrated that ambassador and mentoring programs build up the student-to-student relationship. This helps female students to feel the support from others and thus decide to remain in the STEM program. Mosatche et. al reported that facilitators play a critical role in participants' engagement, achievement, and retention in the STEM related programs. In other words, training the educators helps to encourage more students into the STEM field. Lauwers et. al. introduced a strategy that both speeds uptake in the community and improves the chances of the project creating an educational successful tool. This paper describes our experience along this line to attract high-school girls into the STEM fields. The high school collaborating with us is an all-girl high school in the Boston city. In order to meet the requirement of an engineering and technology program expected from the high school, the authors and the high school administration setup a year-long robotics program. This program started in Fall 2014 and lasted for two years. Many adjustment, modifications, and improvement were made during the two-year process. Two positive outcomes were first described here. First, a new robotics club was formed at the high school. Second, one female student in the high school enrolled in the school of engineering and technology at WIT. The rest of the paper is organized as follows. Section 2 describes several key elements of the workshop series including hardware platform, software programming languages, format of the workshop, and detailed lesson plans. During the first-year offering, several issues and challenges were encountered and these are discussed in Section 3. Based on experience and lessons learnt during the first-year offering, significant modifications were made during the second year, as presented in Section 4, which result in improved retention rate. Section 5 shows students' response to our survey. The survey results also confirm students' interests in the workshop and the selected topics. Finally, section 6 concludes the paper, summarizing our experience and knowledge gained through offering the robotics workshop. Objective, Curriculum Development, and Format The objective of the workshop is to make students be exposed to the exciting area of robotics and thus motivate them to pursue a STEM-related major later on. As a starting point, we aimed at introducing the fundamentals of robotics science and the basic components of a robotics system, including hardware, software, programming, sensors, and control. Students gained intensive experience working with the robots. The next step would be preparing the students to participate in the FIRST Tech Challenge (FTC) competition, targeting towards students in grades 6 ~ 12. Since the students' ability to independently design, program, test, and debug needs to be trained, decision was made to make the workshop a year-long program, providing the students with more exercises and hands-on time. The workshop was offered as an extra curriculum activity. Hardware: LEGO MINDSTORM NXT/EV3 has been widely used as a robotics outreach platform for high/middle school students. Due to its portability, versatility, low-cost, and easy maintenance, the LEGO MINDSTORM EV3 was selected as the robotics platform for the workshop. It allowed the students to explore engineering concepts through the use of motors, sensors, and programming in a team-driven environment. It also allowed the students to quickly design and create robots of various functions. The Lego EV3 Kits were purchased using the first author's professorship fund provided by Wentworth Institute of Technology (WIT). Software: Among many different software, ROBOTC, developed by Carnegie Mellon University, was chosen. ROBOTC provides different ways to program the controller, i.e., graphic-based, natural-language-based, and text-based. The graphic-based programming is direct and easy for students to understand and start programming quicly. The natural-language-based programming is the "transition" from the graphic-based to the text-based programming. The textbased programming is suitable for relatively more complicated design and implementation tasks. Format: Based on the availability of both parties, a bi-weekly workshop was setup: every other Thursday from 3:30-5:00PM. The location was first selected to be one of the labs at the WIT due to several reasons. Firstly, it was easier for the authors to manage the equipment. Secondly, it was feasible for the authors to recruit college students to help the high-school girls during the workshop. These helpers are mostly members of the Society of Women Engineers (SWE) club at WIT. Some of them were paid through work study program if they were qualified, the rest of them were volunteers. These female college students can act as the role models for the highschool girls. Thirdly, this would provide the high-school students an opportunity to work in a college lab and have an early touch on the college environment, thus gaining more confidence in pursuing a STEM-related college education in the future. The high school assigned a science teacher as a chaperon to drive the students to WIT. Due to the limited transportation, there are seven girls registered for the workshop. This high school teacher continued to participate in the second year to work as the leader to help the students. Lesson Plan: The following lesson plan was carefully designed for the year-long robotics workshop. Table 1 lists the lesson plans for both Year 1 and Year 2. As can be seen, many mo


Results: Iranian scientific articles in the field of Nursing had increased from 7 in 2000 to 457 in 2016. University of Tehran was the main publishing center and the United States was the main scientific partner of Iranian researchers in providing scientific evidence. Scientific productions of Iran in the field of "Care Planning" were among the top 10 countries in the world and Dr Fereydoon Azizi with 125 scientific documents, had the most contribution among the Iranian authors.


Combined with the fact,it analyses the reasons of bitumen road's processing,and introduces relative protecting methods in order to ensure the quality of the road and prolong the using period of bitumen road.


It was in August 1914 when, as a result of a murder in Sarajevo, the railroads of the continent were filled with trains bringing the newly mobilised armies in different directions that the then British Foreign Secretary Lord Grey looking out over Horseguard's Parade in London made his famous remark that the lights were going out all over Europe and wondered whether they would see them lit again in their lifetime.


In this chapter we consider four specific data-analytic and inferential problems that can be addressed using graphs. We demonstrate the use of the software and methods described in Chapters 20 and 21 on real problems in computational biology. We will show how one can investigate relationships between gene expression and protein-protein interaction data, how GO annotations can be used to analyze gene sets, how literature citations can be related to experimental data, and how gene expression data can be mapped on pathways. 22.


We analyze the 2.5--10 keV X-ray spectra of the luminous quasar 3C 273 and simultaneous observations in UV wavelengths from XMM--Newton between 2000 and 2015. The lowest flux level ever was observed in 2015. The continuum emission from 3C 273 is generally best described by an absorbed power-law but during extremely low states the addition of fluorescence from the K-shell iron line improves the fit. We study the spectral evolution of the source during its extended quiescent state and also examine connections between the X-ray and ultraviolet emissions, which have been seen in some, but not all, previous work. We detect a possible anti-correlation between these two bands during the low state that characterized 3C 273 for most of this period; however, this was not present during a flaring state. A harder-when-brighter trend for the X-ray spectrum was observed in these long-term observations of 3C 273 for the first time. We suggest that the X-ray emission in 3C 273 is the result of inverse Compton scattering of soft UV seed photons (emitted from the local environment of the AGN), most likely in a thermal corona. We can explain the significant temporal variation of the spectral continuum as an outcome of changing optical depth of the comptonizing medium, along the lines of the wind-shock model proposed by Courvoisier and Camenzind (1989).


Abstract : The publication of a book chapter titled Professors in the Colonels World by Daniel J. Hughes, a retired Air War College professor, began a debate regarding the quality and future of professional military education (PME) in the US Air Force. The chapter sparked a lively exchange on journalist Tom Ricks s widely read Foreign Policy blog The Best Defense. Among his most serious charges, Hughes claims that Air Force PME is hamstrung because its major educational institutions, particularly Air War College (AWC), are led by senior leaders with little or no academic background. He further claims that the military faculty members at these schools are at best ill prepared for their educational tasks and at worst openly hostile to academic enterprise. Finally, Hughes argues that academic standards and scholarly rigor are noticeably absent from PME. The culprit? Something one might call the clash of cultures that exists between civilian and military faculty. Certainly, serious differences exist between these two groups of people, but are those differences so stark as to make life intolerable? Are they insurmountable? Perhaps, but we think not.


Objective To explore the imaging diagnosis of chorea associated with nonketotic hyperglycemia by describing its CT and MR findings and correlating those findings with the clinical manifestations. Methods The imaging findings and clinical data from 6 patients with chorea associated with nonketotic hyperglycemia were retrospectively analyzed. All 6 patients had unenhanced CT scans, 1 also had MR imaging examination. Three of 6 patients had follow-up CT scans and 1 of 3 patients had follow-up MRimaging studies. Results CT studies of all 6 patients showed unilateral or bilateral hyperdense striatum.The putamen was involved in all 6 patients, the caudate nucleus or lateral portion of the globus pallidus were involved in 5 of all 6 patients. All 3 follow-up CT studies depicted a decreased or resolved hyperdensity of the abnormal striatum. T1-weighted MR images in 1 patient showed the hyperintense lesions of bilateral lentiform nuclei, T2-weighted MR images of the patient showed the hypointense lesions of the corresponding lentiform nuclei, and its follow-up MR images depicted invariable signal intensity of T1-weighted and T2-weighted images. In all patients, the chorea resolved within 2 to 6 days after treatment of the hyperglycemia. Conclusion The characteristic imaging findings of chorea associated with nonketotic hyperglycemia can suggest an accurate diagnosis.

Key words:
Choreatic disorders;  Hyperglycemia;  Tomography, X-ray computed;  Magneticresonance imaging


Rheological and physicochemical analyses of Cebreiro cheese were carried out. Four samples of each of three batches of cheese from different commercial producers were analyzed. Mechanical spectra data were obtained from frequency sweeps at 20oC, a quality factor Q and fractal dimension Df were obtained from these rheological data. Moisture content, physicochemical (pH and titratable acidity) and proteolysis-related parameters were also measured. Analysis of the temperature dependence of the complex viscosity also enabled characterization of the activation energy of the three batches. The different viscoelastic parameters were highly consistent and structural differences between the different batches were observed. As regards the chemical composition level, high correlations between moisture, titratable acidity, nitrogen fractions and several viscoelastic parameters were observed. In general, casein networks were more extensive and elastic in batches with higher titratable acidity and moisture.


Abstract:  The design of infrastructure systems for "accidental" situations, i.e., abnormal service conditions, may include a comparison of alternative design solutions of system components. These solutions are compared by means of applying a universal methodology known as a multiattribute selection (MAS). The alternative designs are described by a number of attributes that characterize each of them. Failure probability and quantitative measure of the risk are used as safety‐related attributes of the alternative designs. This article shows how to carry out the MAS in the presence of epistemic uncertainties in safety‐related attributes. Distributions of epistemic uncertainties are specified by means of methods used for quantitative risk assessment. The MAS is carried out as a propagation of these uncertainties. The Monte Carlo simulation is used to propagate uncertainties through the algorithm of MAS. The approach proposed in this article is illustrated by two examples, which consider alternative designs of a protective barrier and alternative sprinkler systems.


The coexistence of two distinctly different types of microbe in cultures of the rabbit septicemia bacillus has been reported in a previous paper.1 These varieties, once separated, appear to breed true to type for many passages. The organisms have been designated as types D and G. Type D is very virulent for rabbits, grows diffusely in liquid media, and yields highly fluorescent, rather opaque colonies on serum agar. Type G is of extremely low virulence, exhibits a granular sedimenting growth in fluid media, and grows in the form of translucent, non-fluorescing colonies on serum agar. The two types show no noticeable differences in morphology or in fermentation reactions. Immunization and agglutination reactions indicate their antigenic community.It seemed necessary to determine whether the two varieties coexist in cultures isolated from infected rabbits or whether one variety arises from the other. Type D (virulent) is the microbe invariably obtained from the naturally infected rabbit. Type G has only bee...


While the multicore platform became popular,the applications got complicated and data set expanded,the full power of system can't be exploited by the serial code in the Matlab-based legacy program,the requirement of large scale data processing can't be fulfilled.The parallel computing model of Matlab provides the support for parallelization of the data-intensive application.The key-points and methods of refactoring for parallelization of legacy system are analyzed from the view of system architecture expanding and business logic parallelization,the performance promotion of large scale data processing is verified by the application test results in the refactored system.


This position paper analyses the evolution of Operational Environments with regard to the impact on the architecture of operational software systems. It takes into account the projected future development of demands on computation, memory and storage as well as the development of the IT sector providing the infrastructure and infrastructural services in the Operational Environment. From this analysis we conclude that new Service Based Architectures need to be introduced to be able to cope with the upcoming changes for the next decades. We propose a strategy how to implement the necessary changes in software architecture step-by-step, migrating the whole fully functional Operation Environment without interruptions of the service by rst harmonizing the user interfaces and then modularizing existing legacy applications. A discussion of the potential additional benets of a modular application design concludes the analysis.


In a successful college can not be forgotten the existence of this one factor is the lecturer. Lecturers are the key to success in universities to educate students and students to be useful for the nation and the nation in the future. Some of the lecturers' duties include teaching, research and community service often mentioned by Tri Darma Perguruaan Tinggi. Of the three obligations of a lecturer is asked to have the ability to write skills such as Reports, Theses, Theses, Dissertations, Books, Articles and others. However, to be able to write well it is necessary to practice continuously and know the tools to write one is the tool for the citation and bibliography. Therefore required tools / applications that can help lecturers to write citations and bibliography. Mendeley is an application that can be used to write citations and bibliography but not all lecturers can use this application. Methods in an effort to improve the ability to write lecturers do with several stages of lecture training materials / workshops about the contents of the introduction of Mendeley applications and videos about the ease of using this application, Practice using Mendeley application, Provide an opportunity for participants to ask questions or discussions about the material submitted, Conducting a survey to evaluate is done by spreading Pretest & Posttest quizoner with success indicator of success level understanding of participants in this program is 80%. The result of this activity proves that the lecturer can improve his writing ability is very positive for the development of lecturers expertise in making scientific research work.


Large-scale sensor array management has applications in a number of target tracking problems. For example, in ground target tracking, hundreds or even thousands of unattended ground sensors (UGS) may be dropped over a large surveillance area. At any one time it may then only be possible to utilize a very small number of the available sensors at the fusion center because of bandwidth limitations. A similar situation may arise in tracking sea surface or underwater targets using a large number of sonobuoys. The general problem is then to select a subset of the available sensors in order to optimize tracking performance. The Posterior Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (PCRLB), which quantifies the obtainable accuracy of target state estimation, is used as the basis for network management. In a practical scenario with even hundreds of sensors, the number of possible sensor combinations would make it impossible to enumerate all possibilities in real-time. Efficient local (or greedy) search techniques must then be used to make the computational load manageable. In this paper we introduce an efficient search strategy for selecting a subset of the sensor array for use during each sensor change interval in multi-target tracking. Simulation results illustrating the performance of the sensor array manager are also presented.


A new operational matrix of fractional integration of arbitrary order for generalized Laguerre polynomials is derived. The fractional integration is described in the Riemann-Liouville sense. This operational matrix is applied together with generalized Laguerre tau method for solving general linear multiterm fractional differential equations (FDEs). The method has the advantage of obtaining the solution in terms of the generalized Laguerre parameter. In addition, only a small dimension of generalized Laguerre operational matrix is needed to obtain a satisfactory result. Illustrative examples reveal that the proposed method is very effective and convenient for linear multiterm FDEs on a semi-infinite interval.


A game device in which even a position that is in a region within a game space but is not displayed on a game screen can be designated by a user as a target position of movement of a game character. When it is determined that a screen coordinate value that is obtained by a section (80) for acquiring a screen coordinate value and is according to operation of the user is a value outside the game screen, a section (86) for acquiring a second target position of movement acquires, as a target position of movement of a game character, a position outside that region of the game space that is to be displayed on the game screen. The section (86) for acquiring a second target position of movement stores a condition relating to the screen coordinate value such that the condition is associated with each candidate target position of movement set at a position outside that region of the game space that is to be displayed. The section (86) for acquiring a second target position of movement acquires, as a target position of movement of the game character, a candidate target position of movement, which position is associated with a condition that the screen coordinate value, which is obtained by the screen coordinate value acquisition section (80), satisfies.


It is said that in times of war old people bury young men. As we live in times of peace, and we are old, youngsters will need to bury us. It is said that we become good people after we die. But some of us were good before dying. They were good, generous and honored, wise and tender, effectively human. Some who passed away used to give us a cozy and protective shadow, and their absence leaves us unsheltered, alone with danger. A long time ago, one of our children asked to us: "When an old wise man dies, where does his knowledge and experience go to?". We were not quite sure about the answer. "When this person has family and friends, they all learn from him. Thus, there will be a lot in their hearts and minds, and his/her kindness, culture, wisdom and accomplishments will be a part of memory, which will pass from generation to generation; it has been this way since the beginning of humanity. If this person diffused activities and work, whether written or illustrated, these will be his/her own words, and this person may be seen and revisited from time to time. Sometimes, words remain and we do not even know to whom they belong to, like Gilgamesh and his poem. Other times, authorship is neglected, even if we know who the author is, like Aristotle. And, other times, memory is alive and recent, like the work of Albert Einstein". At that time, we did not think about it – but we do now – when a giant dies, we are left without a shadow. Barbara Starfield passed away, a giant in Primary Health Care (PHC), and her protective shadow abandoned us. She was a wise elderly woman, even though she looked young and looked like a student. Barbara Starfield had friends and family members who are capable of passing on her legacy of knowledge, kindness, culture, and wisdom, including many of her deeds and anecdotes. Barbara Starfield also leaves multiple registers, articles, books and presentations, which will serve as a path for others to go further. She was good, even before her death. Now, it is time for tributes, compliments and epitaphs, praised obituaries, and the public memory, which mixes the fear of death that writes its own show, and the desire to forget the mistakes of those who are highly appraised. Now it is time for tributes to death and for the dead. There was time for love, will, friendship, sharing, friendly respect; but many times, there was no time, and it is too late to go back and repair damages and mistakes. "To infinity and beyond", say the grandchildren to their grandparents, asking them to push the swings harder. Others will come, and within the years, decades, centuries and millenniums, time will fade the memories of a giant, whose shadow no longer protects the dwarves (and this is how we are). Now we are aware of how small we were, exposed to the devastating environment of an arrogant Medicine, which despises everything it ignores, and it ignores almost everything. Now, we are aware of the damage we caused, and that getting a visa was a constant inconvenient for Barbara Starfield in her trips to Brazil. It would have been more worthy, and easier, to name her a Brazilian honorary citizen! We are aware of the damage we caused, and not little damage, when she was turned down at a doctoral examination board in Zaragoza (Spain) for not having a doctorate in medicine. It would have been more worthy, and easier, to name her doctor honoris causa! Now we are aware of her little impact on public health policy in USA, her home. Neither there is a "prophet" in his own land, nor a giant that shadows his close neighbors. It would have been much easier to take her recommendation and establish a strong PHC in her country's health system, the less developed among the developed ones. Barbara Starfield was a leftist, always sensitive to the suffering of others and an activist against injustices. She met her future husband, who was also a medical student, in an act in favor of the Lincoln Brigade veterans, one of the international brigades that supported the Spanish Republic against the Nazi barbarism. She graduated as a pediatrician, and was a real cosmopolitan. She started her research on the organization of health services with KL White, master and friend, the one from the "medical care ecology" or "it is better to be approximately right than precisely wrong". This giant accompanied her to the USA, just as other unique giants accompanied her to the United Kingdom, such as John Fry and Julian Tudor Hart. She had a positive critical attitude, pointed out the errors of a sanitary care based on experts, and showed its dangers (especially on her text about the medical practice as a preventable cause of death); with time, she developed an impressive theoretical foundation at the defense of PHC as the best response to excesses in Medicine and prevention. She knew how to analyze the excesses of a weak use of statistics, which was summarized in her article: "Internal elegance, external irrelevance". She also knew how to compare countries, open paths, and respond to social and technological changes. She never forgot the impact of inequity on health. Many say her name in vain. Many justify barbarian actions on behalf of Barbara Starfield. There are many who confuse PHC with a solution that is exclusive to the poor, low-quality, and based on vertical programs. It is terrifying to think of the manipulation of her ideas by the ones who need them. It is no longer worth it to write things together to mark new paths, to claim for her work and her journey. Now, we have memories, the consolation of prayer in some synagogue, and the goal to follow the path that has been opened "to infinity and beyond".


This study examined the critical thinking skills of resident and commuter students during the freshmen year, controlled for precollege background and ability. Differences in commuter and resident students' experience, particularly aspects of academic and social integration were also considered. The study sample was a subset taken from a national longitudinal study of factors influencing learning and cognitive development in college (sponsored by the National Center on Postsecondary Teaching, Learning, and Assessment). The sample consisted of 326 resident students and 316 commuter students attending 6 of the 18 institutions reported in the data. A precollege survey gathered information on student demographic and background characteristics. Students were tested on college entry using the Collegiate Assessment of Academic Proficiency (CAAP), and at the end of the freshman year with the CAAP reading comprehension, mathematics, and critical thinking modules. Additionally, measures of students' freshman-year experiences were derived from the College Student Experiences Questionnaire. No differences in critical thinking skill development were found between resident and commuter students during the first year of college. Findings suggest that students' out-of-classroom experiences and interactions can influence cognitive development during college. (Contains 50 references). (SW) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** THE IMPACT OF COLLEGE RESIDENCE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS IN COLLEGE FRESHMEN


A general /spl Lscr//sup (p,q)/-metric p, q>0 on a probability space is defined, and the corresponding optimality criterion is derived. This criterion is applied to the problem of complex impulsive interference estimation in linear systems represented by scalar state-space equations. The closed-form expression of the a posteriori density of the state (interference) is computed recursively for both arbitrary i.i.d. state noise and any discrete-type measurement noise (multilevel complex signal). Optimal /spl Lscr//sup (p,q)/-metric interference estimators based on different values of p and q are developed. As a test, the proposed algorithms are applied to estimate highly impulsive state processes driven by noise with symmetric /spl alpha/-stable distribution.


Although Taiwan's 3G services started its operation in 2003, the main profit source for every telecommunication company is still the cheaper fees of airtime minutes. Therefore, this study is directed on how these companies design the marketing tactics closer to the consumers' need under the dual influences of the decreasing individual's contribution and the low utility rate, as well as how to improve customers' willingness to adopt 3G mobile telecommunication services. Unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) is used as the model to carry out expert interviews and consumers' questionnaire investigation. This study found that the factors that significantly influenced the "behavioral intention" include "performance expectancy," "social influence," and "facilitating conditions," while the traditional known "effort expectancy" did not. Moreover, three non-assumed relationships were discovered during the Structural Equation Modeling analysis, which helped to revise the UTAUT model for 3G telecommunication services. The results of this study can be helpful to Taiwan's mobile telecommunication companies to adjust their corporate strategies and tactics for providing customer-oriented 3G services to both existing and potential customers, such that the overall 3G market can be expanded as well as a win-win situation for the 3G industry and their consumers can be achieved.


40Ar/39Ar analyses were made on maruyamaite (potassium-dominant tourmaline) from tourmaline-quartz-feldspar rocks discovered within the Kumdy-Kol microdiamond deposit (Kokchetav massif, North Kazakhstan). Turmaline yielded well-defined 40Ar/39Ar plateau age spectra whose values coincide within the error - ages of 502.3±8.0, 502.2±8.0, 506.0±8.0 Ma. These ages are much younger than the age of 530±2 Ma determined for high-pressure metamorphism by different methods. Thus, the formation of tourmaline-rich rocks of the Kumdy-Kol deposit cannot be associated with the high-pressure metamorphic events, and, therefore, testifies in favor of the low-pressure nature of maruyamaite. Based on the coincidence of age data for tourmaline crystals with different potassium contents, it can be concluded that the K/Ar system in tourmaline can be used for dating metasomatic and metamorphic processes.


Purpose: To determine the characteristics of visual field defects in acute primary angle-closure glaucoma and identify risk factors affecting such field defects. Methods: Automated static perimetry was performed in 60 patients at least 3 months after remission of the acute attack. Glaucomatous visual field defects were defined as 3 or more contiguous points on the pattern deviation plot depressed at p168.6, p=0.002) and vertical cup to disc ratio (odds ratio=5.5, 95% CI=1.224.8, p=0.03) were significant risk factors for visual field defects. Duration of the acute attack was a marginally significant risk factor (odds ratio=5.2, 95% CI=0.831.8, p=0.08). Conclusions: The upper nasal visual field was affected most frequently and more severely. The localized defect was rare. Women and the large vertical cup to disc ratio were associated with increased risk for visual field defects. A longer duration of the acute attack seems to more likely develop visual field damage.


Say an infant is born with high lesion spina bifida. She is paralyzed from the waist down and has severe wasting of all areas below the waist. She will always be doubly incontinent and will have no normal sexual function. She has hydrocephalus and a brain stem, abnormality (Arnold Chiari malformation) that is likely to significantly shorten her life. She will probably be retarded and epileptic. She has severe leg deformities — dislocated hips, dislocated knees, and club feet. Her hips are held in a constant position over her chest and her knees cannot be bent in the right direction. She has an 80% chance of developing kyphoscoliosis (curvature of the spine) which may ultimately prevent her from, sitting in a wheelchair and may restrict her lungs, causing respiratory failure and death. She has little spontaneous movement and little response to simple stimuli. She has shallow breathing and difficulty in swallowing and sucking. Whatever treatment this infant is offered, she may not survive. If she does survive, her quality of life is likely to be so poor that one might question whether she would want to live such a life.


ABSTRACT The 60 species of native Hylaeus bees in the Hawaiian Islands are important pollinators in native ecosystems, but they have been almost completely ignored in conservation studies. The only previous assessment of the conservation status of the individual species was not based on recent collections. Here I report on conservation status of all known species, based on collections made from 1999 to 2002. Species are arranged into six categories according to degree of threat, and species considered to be threatened are discussed individually. Five species have not been collected recently from one or more islands from which they are historically known, seven are restricted to endangered habitat, 10 are considered to be very rare and potentially endangered, and 10 have not been collected recently and could be extinct. With such a high proportion of rare species and the importance of Hylaeus species as pollinators, further work on their ecology is needed.


As the gravity-sustained pipe-flow systems do not require power input, these systems are preferred in comparison to pumping systems. Furthermore, in the absence of m oving parts, gravity-sustained systems have greater reliability. For a gently sloping topography the gravitational system involves large pipe diameters. In comparison to a pumping system such a gravitational system may be uneconomical. A review of literatu re indicated that there is no guideline available for adoption of a gravity -system for such a terrain. In this paper optimal cost functions of various pipe-flow configurations have been investigated to find the conditions under which gravity-sustained systems are economic.


Objective To explore and determine the biologic markers for diagnosis of breast cancer by comparison of proteomic differences among patients with breast cancer,benign mastopathy,and healthy people.Methods The serum proteomics patterns of 46 cases of breast cancer,40 cases of benign mastopathy,and 40 healthy subjects were read with surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) to screen significantly differential proteins,and to develop the classification tree model for the diagnosis of breast cancer.Ten cases of breast cancer,10 cases of benign mastopathy and 10 healthy subjects were randomly selected at the same period and assigned as test groups for double-blind verification of the model.Results Twenty-two distinct proteins were identified from the three groups,and the classification tree model formed by 10 proteins (M/Z:3162,3960,4213,4526,5908,5386,11383,11735,13892 and 6007) could be used to identify breast cancer,benign mastopathy and healthy subjects with an accuracy of 98.4% (124/126),sensitivity of 100.0% (46/46) and specificity of 97.5% (78/80),respectively.The independent double-blind test challenged the model with an accuracy of 83.3% (25/30),sensitivity of 80.0% (8/10) and specificity of 85.0% (17/20).Conclusions The classification tree model constructed by SELDI-TOF-MS possesses a high sensitivity and specificity,and it can be used for rapid diagnosis of breast cancer.


The preparation of 2-phenylpyridines decorated with an electron donating and accepting unit, which are potentially suitable to induce second harmonic generation, was performed by means of reductive nickel catalyzed C,C-cross coupling reaction, developed by Gosmini et. al. We were successful to obtain the desired 2-phenylpyridines directly from donor-functionalized arylhalides and acceptor-modified 2-halopyridines with a cheap and easy to prepare Ni catalyst. It turned out that even the presence of hydroxy groups and carboxylic acids are tolerated in this reaction, whereas in the case of a formyl group containing pyridine substrate no C,C-coupled product was obtained. However, the coupling was successful when the formyl function was protected by an acetal formation.


Preventable blindness is a significant public health concern, especially in developing countries. According to the National Blindness and Visual Impairment Survey (2015–2019), there are an estimated 35 million people who are visually impaired and 4.95 million people who are blind.[1] As per recent estimates by the World Health Organization (WHO), about 285 million people globally are visually impaired, of whom 39 million are blind.[2] The numbers are projected to increase in the future.


Although endemic goiter has long been recognized as an important public health problem in parts of this hemisphere, little has been known until recently about its specific distribution in the area of Central America and Panama. *Since the establishment of the Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP), studies of the incidence of endemic goiter have been carried out in cooperation with the public health departments of the countries of Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Panama. Surveys are now in progress in Nica-


This paper discusses the issues relating to power delivery planning and describes a planning process within the framework of market simulations in the deregulated environment. In particular, the uncertainty of new generation siting and transmission utilization and their impact on power delivery system planning are addressed by a market simulation model. This model has been used to determine incremental benefit of transmission services capability, value of new capacity versus competing market to market power trading, and most importantly the reliability of customer services.


This Comment examines the financial conflicts of interests within the DHHS that results in private influence, the consequential impact of the private influence on the agency's constitutionality under the nondelegation and separation of powers doctrines, and offers a solution that better conforms to the principles and structure of the United States Constitution. Part II examines the penetration of conflicts of interests within the DHHS and impact on drug safety and human lives. Part III discusses the separation of powers doctrine and the development of the nondelegation doctrine with respect to delegations to private groups. Part IV analyzes the constitutionality of administrative agencies under the influence of private interests. Part V analyzes the constitutionality of administrative agencies with respect to the separation of powers doctrine. Part VI proposes a solution to the problems of private interests with administrative agencies. This Comment concludes in advocating a long term solution of repairing the structural flaws that violate the separation of powers by advocating the reformation of Executive Branch agencies into constituent legislative, executive and adjudicatory functions and altering their reporting structure to corresponding branches. In practical terms, the agencies must be disassembled and rebuilt to separate the powers.


Study of Paul's Thessalonian correspondence, once a relatively neglected area of research, has, along with other Pauline subjects, begun increasingly to attract the attention of scholars worldwide. This article surveys the more prominent commentaries and extended studies of the Thessalonian correspondence and reviews some of the principal concerns of current Thessalonian research: persecution or alienation, Pauline missionary work and community formation, Acts 17 and the Thessalonian correspondence, the community and its eschatological interests, Paul's early concerns, and, finally, the composite character of 1 Thessalonians and the pseudonymity of 2 Thessalonians. An extended bibliography concludes the survey.


We derive diffusion constants and martingales for senile random walks with the help of a time-change. We provide direct computations of the diffusion constants for the time-changed walks. Alternatively, the values of these constants can be derived from martingales associated with the time-changed walks. Using an inverse time-change, the diffusion constants for senile random walks are then obtained via these martingales. When the walks are diffusive, weak convergence to Brownian motion can be shown using a martingale functional limit theorem.


The paper presents a new technology for the oil and gas industry for azimuthal electromagnetic scanning of the first tubular wall defects, the basis of which is a small-sized sector scanning tool that measures the pipe wall thickness. The paper presents the results of laboratoryand well tests, as well as the early field surveys using this technology. These constitute thebasis on which the actual sensitivity of the technology and its prospects in diagnosing well integrity are determined.


Control precision of the anti-aircraft gun servo system related directly to the artillery firing accuracy, and it is a very important item in performance test of the fire control system. In order to test the control precision of an anti-aircraft gun servo system and correct the firing data, the shaft angle conversion circuit and digital signal interface circuit are designed based on the industrial computer platform and the data acquisition module of PCI bus. In that way, software arithmetic of shaft angle conversion based on the general A/D is realized. In the practical application the arithmetic has a good performance.


Objective To investigate the effects of Zuoguiwan on antioxidation and Apoptosis of Alzheimer's disease(AD) model rats.Methods The hippocampus injected β-amyloid(Aβ) to make AD models.Every group was fed with Naofukang,Kangnaoshuai and Zuoguiwan.The contents of CAT and MAO in the brain were measured by the method of biochemistry and molecular biology.The expression TNF-α protein of hippocampus neurons was observed by electron lens using immunohistochemistry method.The expression of caspase-3 gene was measured by the methods of RT-PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis.Results Zuoguiwan could reduce the activity of MAO and improve the activity of CAT in the brain.Zuoguiwan could reduce the expression of caspase-3 gene and TNF-α protein of Hippocampal neurons.Conclusion Zuoguiwan has repressive effects on apoptosis of Hippocampal neurons in AD model rats.The effective mechanism may associate that Zuoguiwan reduces the activity of MAO and improves the activity of CAT in the brain,reduces the expression of caspase-3 gene and TNF-α protein of Hippocampal neurons.