Introduction: Thromboembolic complications are common in both elective and trauma orthopaedic practice. Despite the many studies reported in the literature, there remain a number of unanswered questions regarding the use of thrombophylaxis. The aim of this study was to establish the current practice amongst Irish consultant orthopaedic surgeons regarding thromboprophylaxis. Materials and Methods: A detailed confidential written questionaire was sent to all consultant orthopaedic surgeons in the republic of Ireland. Surgeons were asked to indicate the type of mechanical and chemothromboprophylaxis in the setting of total hip arthroplasty, knee arthroplasty and hip fracture. They were also questioned regarding 1) time of commencement of therapy 2) duration of therapy 3) method of diagnosis of DVT 4) Estimated incidence of mortality from pulmonary embolism in the last five years 5) Whether there was established protocol for DVT prophylaxis in their unit. 6) Reason for not using chemothromboprophylaxis if not used and 7) whether their method of treatment was influenced by anaesthetic concerns. Results: The response rate was seventy percent. Over ninetyfive percent of surgeons used a combination of physical and chemical modalities. There was a wide variation between type of therapy, commencement time and duration of prophylaxis. There was a higher rate of intervention and duration of therapy in elective practice. A unit policy regarding thromboprophylaxis existed in a majority of hospitals (54.7%). Forty-seven per cent of respondents felt that there had been no post-operative mortality in their practice in the previous five years from pulmonary embolism. Twenty-six percent of respondents felt that anaesthetists influenced the type of prophylaxis used. The results of this survey shows that venous thromboembolism is regarded as a significant complication of orthopaedic surgery and that most orthopaedic surgeons take active steps to try and prevent its occurrence. There was a higher rate of intervention in this groug of surgeons compared to previous surveys of British orthopaedic surgeons. This may reflect a higher standard of care or a concern regarding the high rate of litigation in the republic of Ireland. However there is no consensus as to the optimum therapy which reflects the conflicting evidence available in the many publications on this subject.


The needs of ATLAS experiment at the upcoming LHC accelerator, CERN, in terms of data transmission rates and processing power require a large cluster of computers (of the order of thousands) administrated and exploited in a coherent and optimal manner. Requirements like stability, robustness and fast recovery in case of failure impose a server- client system architecture with servers distributed in a tree like structure and clients booted from the network. For security reasons, the system should be accessible only through an application gateway and, also to ensure the autonomy of the system, the network services should be provided internally by dedicated machines in synchronization with CERN IT depart me nt ' s central services. The paper describes a small scale implementation of the system architecture that fits the given requirements and constraints. Emphasis is put on the mechanisms and tools used to net boot the clients via the "Boot With Me" project and to synchronize information within the cluster via the "Nile" tool.


We all know for diversification purposes we cannot "put all our eggs in one basket." Markowitz's Modern Portfolio Theory leads us to diversify our portfolio to achieve the highest Sharp ratio. FamaFrench's Three-Factor Model links the asset's characteristics to the risk-return profile and further advances the portfolio theory. However, in practice, due to uncertainty and lack of data, none of those theories gets implemented in a way that can help construct a complex portfolio and generate portfolio optimization strategies. Especially for the Commercial Real Estate Industry, investors face challenges in long-term data collection and a tremendous amount of data processing. In 2009, Michael W. Brandt, Pedro Santa-Clara, and Rossen Valkanov explored a new approach that fundamentally improves the portfolio optimization methodology. They modeled the portfolio weight in each asset as a function of the asset's characteristics and the associated capital market conditions. The coefficients of this function are found by optimizing the investor's average utility of the portfolio's return over the sample period. This approach is computationally simple, and can be easily modified to include more asset characteristics and capital market variables. In a later study, Alberto Plazzi, Walter Torous, and Rossen Valkanov applied Brandt, Santa-Clara, and Valkanov's methodology to optimize commercial real estate portfolios, and explored several techniques in commercial real estate portfolio management. This thesis follows Plazzi, Torous and Valkanov's research framework, applies the methodology to a specific real estate investment fund, and proposes several innovations to further explore the application of this theory in real estate fund management. First, I propose to rebalance the portfolio annually because real estate transactions are less frequent compared with other types of assets, such as stocks or bonds. Second, I construct sub-portfolios by property type and region because the subportfolio optimization can provide practical suggestions to specific asset managers in charge of a specific type of property or a specific region. Finally, I include capital market indicators, such as the Chicago Fed National Activity Index and Liquidity Metrics. These innovations use academic research to inform practice, thus providing asset managers practical suggestions to guide wealth allocation across different commercial properties, and to take advantage of movements in expected returns arising from the changing macroeconomic conditions. Thesis Supervisor: Walter N. Torous Title: Senior Lecturer of Center for Real Estate and Sloan School of Management


High temperature is recognized to be a major abiotic stress involved in diverse metabolic regulation in plants. However, the regulatory mechanism of high temperature induced polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity in Basella alba is not clarified. B. alba plants grown in pots were exposed to 45°C for 24, 48 and 72 h periods and the control plants were kept at 30°C. The PPO activity in leaves of plants was up regulated and the effects were more pronounced at 24h of treatment. To clarify the regulatory mechanism of enhancing the effect, plants were treated with 10 mM Na2HAsO4 and exposed to 45ÂoC for the above mentioned periods. Na2HAsO4 along with high temperature causes similar stimulatory effects of PPO activity when compared to respective control. Therefore, both high temperature and arsenic treatment may cause additive stresses and enhance the PPO activity. To further clarify the mechanism of high temperature induced PPO activity, plants were treated with 1 mM Nifedipine, a recognized calcium channel blocker and exposed to 45ÂoC. Treatment with blocker effectively prevented the activity induced by high temperature almost to the control level which shows clearly that high temperature-induced activity is mediated through calcium channel and may affect cellular concentration of calcium. The results suggests that increased PPO activity might be due to oxidative stress and that arsenic and calcium play a critical role in this phenomenon, thereby the plants survive in adverse environment.


For any information: email@example.com Most of the developing countries apply pesticides using a lever operated knapsack (LOK) sprayer. In this method, operator swings the lance in front of his movement. Therefore, it is impossible to maintain a constant nozzle height that produced an uneven spraying. In addition, operator contaminated himself. To overcome this problem, a project was undertaken to design and develop a boom for LOK (Lever Operated Sprayer) sprayer. The development and experiment were done in Department of Farm Power and Machinery workshop at Bangladesh Agricultural University. The boom and frame were fabricated and its performance was tested as the research work. Forward speed of the operator while spraying was recorded as 2.015 km/hr. The effective field capacity of the boom sprayer was found as 0.145 ha/hr. This research observed that field efficiency was 71.86%. The fabrication cost of the boom sprayer was found to be 2310 tk. It was also found that the spraying service charge if estimated 700 Tk/ha, including a profit of 342 Tk/ha, the spraying operation using the machine to cover more than 2.53 ha per year will be profitable.


The luxury retail industry: trends and challenges. The current global luxury industry. The strategic role of joint venture agreements in luxury retail. The joint venture agreement. The YNAP-Symphony Investments case.


AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
This study had two aims. The first aim was to compare attachment styles and traumatic childhood experiences of women with psychiatric disorders and their children to a control group. The second aim was to determine the relationship between attachment styles and traumatic childhood experiences both in mothers and their children.

BACKGROUND
According to attachment theories, trauma in an early relationship initiates a developmental cascade in which insecure attachments may occur.

DESIGN
A cross-sectional, descriptive study which, employed a case-control design, was performed between May 2013-March 2014.

METHODS
This study was conducted in 63 women with psychiatric disorders and their children. The control group consisted of 63 women without any psychiatric disorders and their children. Data were collected using questionnaire forms, including the Adult Attachment Style Scale and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire for both mothers and children. Descriptive statistics, a Pearson correlation and comparative statistics were used to analyse data.

RESULTS
The childhood trauma scores of both the women with psychiatric disorders and their children were higher than the control group scores. Compared to the control group, the mothers with psychiatric disorders and their children were found to have less secure attachment styles. It was determined that the mothers and children with insecure attachment were more likely to have been abused.

CONCLUSION
These results point to a relationship between trauma in childhood and attachment style. They also suggest that this relationship may undergo intergenerational transfer.

RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE
This study contributes to the existing literature on the relationship between childhood traumas and attachment. Psychiatric nurses should focus not only on psychiatric disorders but also on the difficulties a patient faces regarding being a parent.


Shortening the treatment duration for chronic hepatitis C may increase feasibility and reduce the cost of cure. The aims of this study were to compare 4 weeks of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) treatment with and without ribavirin for patients with chronic hepatitis C and favourable baseline characteristics and to monitor the development of resistance‐associated substitutions (RAS) and re‐treatment outcomes if treatment failed.


Purpose: Dies for aluminium alloys die-casting fail because of a great number of a different and simultaneously operating factors. Some of them may be controlled to some extent by the die-casting experts. Design/methodology/approach: In the experimental part of our work the failures on the working surface of the fixed half of the testing die for die-casting of aluminium alloys were observed with the use of non-destructive testing methods: such as thermographic analysis, penetrants, and metallographic examination of polymeric replicas. Findings: In the process of the die-casting the primary source of loading is cyclic variation of the temperature; the influence of other loads is relatively insignificant. Research limitations/implications: For economical production of aluminium and aluminium alloys diecastings it is important that the dies have a long working life. The replacement of a die is expensive in both: money and production time. Practical implications: Beside, the die design, the material selection and the process thermal stress fatigue course, which is the consequence of the working conditions, the inhomogeneous and to low initial temperature of the die, contribute to the cracks formation. Originality/value: It is clearly seen from the presented thermographs, that the required temperatures and homogeneity of the temperature field of the discussed case are not possible to reach without the changing both: the heating method and the die design. Therefore in the first stage a solution of the problem should be in changing of the position of heating and/or cooling channels, i.e. their closer shifting to the working surface of the die.


The coming of ageing process stage and the realization of moderate well-off society makes the development of sports industry and economic entity for old people become a necessity. The development of sports industry for old people can take the form of independent economic entity, cooperating with enterprises, or developing incorporeal capital with the fully-playing its own advantages in society.


Using diethylenetriamine and oleic acid as raw materials,dimethylbenzene as water-carrying agent,corrosion inhibitor HS-01 was synthesized by catalyst CM-01.Effect of ratio of raw materials,reaction time,reaction temperature and catalyst on inhibition effect of prepared corrosion inhibitor was investigated by using weight loss method.The results show that ratio of raw materials and reaction time have great effect on the yield of imidazoline inhibitor,and the catalyst also has great effect on reaction time;when the molar ratio of raw materials n(oleic acid)/n(diethylenetriamine) = 1︰1.1,reaction temperature is 140 ℃,the yield of imidazoline inhibitor can reach to 98%;Adding a proper quantity of catalyst CM-01,the reaction time can be shortened,and the color of prepared imidazoline inhibitor can significantly be improved.


s of Australasian PhD theses The conformal group & Einstein spaces William Dean Halford This thesis presents (a) a survey of the use of the conformal group from its beginnings to the present time, and (b) a determination of those algebraically special vacuum Einstein space-times with an expanding and/or twist-ing congruence of null geodesies, which locally possess a homothetic symmetry as well as a Killing symmetry (isometry). Unless the space-time is Petrov type N with twist-free geodesic rays, one can restrict attention to one proper homothetic motion plus the assumed Killing motion(s). The formalism developed to undertake the systematic search for such vacuum space-times is an extension of the tetrad formalism used by Debney and Kerr and Schi Id [/] and by Kerr and Debney [2]. The spaces which admit one homothetic Killing vector plus 2, 3 , or h Killing vectors are completely determined. There are 9 such metrics (12 with 3 degeneracies) one admitting h Killing vectors, one with 3 Killing vectors, and seven with 2 Killing vectors. Those spaces which admit one homothetic Killing vector plus one Killing vector are not completely determined owing to the field equations not being solved in some cases. However, 9 metrics are found, many of which appear to be new. Petrov type N vacuum spaces with expansion and/or twist which admit Received 19 December 1977Thesis submitted to Massey University, March 1977. Degree approved, December 1977Supervisor: Professor R.P. Kerr. 295 296 Will iam Dean Ha I ford a homothety are possible when one Killing vector of special type is also present, or when the homothety alone is of special type. An extensive bibliography is given. References [ J ] G.C. Debney and R.P. Kerr and A. Schild, "Solutions of the Einstein and Einstein-Maxwell equations", J. Mathematical Phys. 10 (1969), 181+2-185**. [2] R.P. Kerr and G.C. Debney, J r . , "Einstein spaces with symmetry groups", J. Mathematical Phys. 11 (1970), 2807-2817.


The synthesis of mono- and novel bis-methylated pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines through the addition of unstable methyl radicals to aryl isocyanides is described contingent upon the reaction conditions employed. The strategy has been effectively employed in the total synthesis of the natural product marinoquinoline A.


ObjectiveWe examined the clinical usefulness of sequential spasm provocation tests as follows: first, acetylcholine (ACh) test, second, ergonovine (ER) test, and finally, the ACh test following the ER test. Patients and methodsWe performed the ACh and ER tests in 461 patients (294 men, 64.4±11.3 years of age) during a 23-year period. In addition, we administered an intracoronary injection of ACh after the ER tests in 240 patients. First, ACh [right coronary artery (RCA): 20/50/(80) &mgr;g, left coronary artery (LCA): 20/50/100/(200) &mgr;g] was administered incrementally over 20 s. Second, ER (RCA: 40 &mgr;g, LCA: 64 &mgr;g) was administered over 2–4 min. If a provoked spasm did not occur, we administered an intracoronary injection of ACh (50/80 &mgr;g into the RCA and 100/200 &mgr;g into the LCA) just after the ER tests. A positive spasm was defined as more than 99% transient luminal narrowing. ResultsA positive spasm was observed in 221 (47.9%) patients including 181 ACh-positive (39.3%) and 119 ER-positive (25.8%) patients by the ACh or ER tests. In the 240 patients with a negative spasm in the ACh and ER tests, 48 (10.4%) patients developed provoked spasms on adding ACh after the ER test. The distributions of various cardiac disorders and provoked spasm vessels were similar among the three positive groups. Focal spasm was frequently observed in the ER-positive group, whereas diffuse spasm was frequently obtained in the ACh-positive group and by adding ACh after ER in the positive group. No major complications were recognized during the sequential spasm provocation tests. ConclusionSequential spasm provocation tests might overcome a limitation of standard spasm provocation tests.


The aim of this paper is to present a monostatic arc-shaped ultra-wideband (UWB) printed monopole antenna system with 3-16 GHz frequency bandwidth suitable for through-wall detection. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) technique is used for detection with the gain of 6.2 dB achieved for the proposed antenna using defected ground structure (DGS) method. To serve the purpose, a simulation experiment of through-wall detection model is constructed which consists of a monostatic antenna act as transmitter and receiver, concrete wall and human skin model. The time domain reflection of obtained result is then analysed for target detection.


The Web application of Flash has became very popular,when we watching the effect of flash we should also attend the largecontent of it. More and more flash maker concern about how to slim it. Here we will discuss why the flash is so fat,and make some slimplan. So ours' works can run in the network freely.


The purpose of this study was to identify and describe computer skills perceived as necessary by computer teachers in public high schools located in six, north central Ohio counties and the computer skills perceived as necessary by college faculty in all of Ohio's four-year colleges/universities which offer a bachelor's degree in business administration.
The data for this study were collected via the mail using reliable and valid questionnaires. Responses were received from 91.4% of the high schools located in Ashland, Crawford, Huron, Knox, Morrow, and Richland counties. Responses were received from 86.4% of the colleges/universities. The return rate for all respondents was 88.6%.
High schools and colleges/universities ranked word processing, on-line resources, and keyboard proficiency as three of their top five computer skills. Both high school computer teachers and college/university faculty ranked word processing as the top applications/software for student use.
A significant difference in the type of computer hardware used was found for IBM or IBM compatible networked computers, IBM with Windows, mini, and mainframe computers. Colleges and universities had significantly more computers of this type compared to that of high schools.
The respondents were asked to rank three computer competencies (computer applications, computer literacy, and computer programming). Although high school respondents ranked computer applications as the most important competency (59.4%) and computer literacy second (40.6%), college/university respondents ranked computer literacy as the most important competency (78.9%) and computer applications second (21.1%). Respondents from both populations ranked computer programming as the least important competency.
Four (12.5%) of the high schools require a computer course for graduation. In contrast, 34 (89.5%) of the college/university respondents recommend that a computer course be required for high school graduates.
For the combined high school and college/university respondents, there existed a substantial positive relationship (r =.57) between student enrollment and the number of computers available for student use. Although a significant relationship was found, a ratio of ten students per computer (10:1) in the high schools and a ratio of 28 students per computer (28:1) in the colleges/universities existed.


In this study, we propose an analytical method to determine the stabilization of fractional-order plants with one fractional-order term and interval uncertainties using fractional-order PI λ D μ controllers. An auxiliary function related to the characteristic function of the closed-loop system is defined, and the real vertices and edges of the value set with respect to the auxiliary function are given by the Minkowski sum method. It can effectively reduce the computation burden caused by redundant vertices. The concept of switching frequencies is proposed, and the calculation method of switching frequencies is provided. In order to test the position relationship between the value set and the origin within a finite frequency interval, the upper and lower limits of the frequency interval are calculated and the mathematical expressions of the vertices in each frequency interval determined by the switching frequencies and limits are given. Based on the analysis of the position relationship, we propose the necessary and sufficient condition of the stabilization criterion. Finally, the stabilization problems of the numerical examples are analysed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed stabilization criterion.


Certain metal acetylacetonates undergo reactions characteristic of aromatic systems. Outstanding among these are electrophilic substitutions and the formation of a stable diazonium fluoroborate. Unsymmetrically substituted chelates have been prepared by stepwise substitution of trifunctional complexes. Chemical and physical properties of such mixed-ring complexes provide evidence for intramolecular interannular electronic effects transmitted through the metal ion.


The present work shows the methodology for the structural design of a type H hydraulic press. The structural design consists of three parts: the beams, the columns and the fasteners. The methodology evaluates the performance of the beams under the bending stress, then it evaluates that the columns do not exceed the critical load when applying the maximum load and finally, it is evaluated that there is no failure due to shear stress in the bolts. All the aspects evaluated by the methodology were carried out with a design load equal to twice the operating load and later, the design values were positioned at nominal values to proceed with the manufacturing.


The fast growth of stored data volume raises the importance of proper data storage management, for both technological and economic reasons. There is need for measures that would allow to evaluate storage system efficiency in all its aspects, not limited to capacity utilization, and including the performance impact of data compression. In this paper, more than ten technical efficiency measures for data compression and storage are discussed. The main contribution is an economic efficiency measure, which combines multiple relevant performance factors using the related costs or profits as a weight of their respective importance. The proposed efficiency assessment procedure can be applied to any kind of storage systems. It is also supported with software to gather and manage the required input data, calculate the measures, and present the results in user-customized form.


Facing immigration: mixophobia, xenophobia or selection. A French interwar debate, Pierre-Andre Taguieff ; An analysis of the interwar debate on French immigration policy shows the differences between the tradition of xenophobic nationalism, based on the distinction between the nation and the "stranger", and the pattern of biological and eugenic racialism. The latter model, in the tradition of Vacher de Lapouge and Dr Martial, defined a policy of strongly structured racial selection, even while calling for the welcoming and protection of immigrants.


Introduction: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the adult population. Both DCM and HCM arise from structural perturbations and remodeling of the heart, and many cases have been found to result from underlying familial mutations. The signaling pathways by which these mutations lead to pathological ventricular remodeling, fibrosis, and heart failure remain unknown.

Methods: In this study we attempt to identify molecular pathways in a DCM mouse model and compare and contrast the results with those previously observed in HCM mouse models. We use a transgenic mouse expressing an arginine-to-cysteine (R9C) mutation in phospholamban (PLN), previously identified in DCM patients. To define molecules involved in disease progression, we generated expression profiles using high-throughput sequencing and assessed genes of interest by immunostaining.

Results: PLNR9C/+ hearts exhibit increasing fibrosis, with proliferation of non-myocyte cells occurring throughout the disease spectrum. Losartan treatment, which effectively blocks the HCM phenotype, does not block the emergence of DCM and neither reduces fibrosis nor increases lifespan in PLNR9C/+ mice. Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15) RNA and protein levels are significantly upregulated in the left ventricles of PLNR9C/+ mice during DCM and heart failure. GDF15 is predominantly expressed in non-myocytes in WT mice, but in PLNR9C/+ mice, is upregulated almost 25-fold in myocytes and less than 1.5-fold in non-myocytes.

Conclusion: Both fibrosis and the proliferation of non-myocytes in PLNR9C/+ mouse hearts increase as the DCM phenotype worsens, similar to that observed in HCM mouse models. However, losartan has no effect on the DCM phenotype suggesting that the molecular pathways of DCM and HCM may be different. This study identifies GDF15 as a signaling molecule that may play a unique role in DCM. GDF15 is upregulated in myocytes during DCM, but remains relatively unchanged in HCM. Understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying the progression of disease and fibrosis in both DCM and HCM will help us to characterize the distinct pathways of both diseases, as well as identify new, more specific targets for therapy.


A theoretical description is given of the exchange interaction between two Cu2+ ions in φ4AsCuCl3 crystals. The crystal field theory is used to investigate the single Cu2+ ion in the crystal, which is the basis of the further consideration of Cu2+‐Cu2+ pairs exchange interaction Js1s2. The theoretical expressions of the transition energy levels, magnetic susceptibility, g factors, and zero‐field splitting have been obtained. The calculation results agree with the experiment. The agreement between the calculation result of D(−0.116 cm−1), E(0.041 cm−1), and that of experiment D(−0.11 cm−1) E(0.009 cm−1) in φ4AsCuCl3 implies that the zero‐field splitting is mainly due to the exchange interaction, the crystal field, and the spin‐orbit coupling. Since the J value here is not large, the Cu2+‐Cu2+ pairwise coupling contributes little to the electronic splitting and g factors, which is just the experimental results. In the calculation of pairs contribution, no adjustable parameters are introduced. So it is possi...


In gentle of the current situation of populated areas, some modern towns in India and some countries women protection is the one of the main issue. In this national wide of intelligent and smart electronic devices are required for a simple and rate-ground-breaking security machine that encourages the sufferers at some phase in unexpected dangers. This assignment covers elucidating records about the configuration and usage of model for a computerized gadget which has the ability to highlight an assurance situated on inside the coming years. The equipment incorporates an exchange, LPC2148 micro controller, ESP2866 Wi-Fi module, GPS module, bell, touch sensor. The principle taking walks of women venture is that at whatever point a lady detects danger, she should simply press the push button switch of the device. When the switch is enabled, it find out the spot of the in convenience women utilizing GPS and transmit this locale the utilization of GSM technology and Wi-Fi (remote constancy), to a web database in the police station control. In this project utilizing electronic controlled surprise for simultaneously as women in risk for security. The principal concept of this equipment is that very smart and cleans to hold. The utilization of ultra-present day segments ensures precision and makes it dependable.


Many sources of new physics can lead to shifts in the Standard Model predictions for cross sections and asymmetries at the NLC below their direct production thresholds. In this talk we discuss some of the tools that are useful for distinguishing amongst these new physics scenarios. R-parity violation and extensions of the Standard Model gauge structure are two typical non-minimal realizations of supersymmetry which provide us with an important test case to examine.


We have investigated two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) in inverted selectively doped GaAs/AlxGa1−xAs heterostructures fabricated by molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) overgrowth of focused-ion-beam (FIB)-doped AlxGa1−xAs layers. In a first MBE step, the AlxGa1−xAs barrier was grown, before the sample was transferred to the FIB system. There, Si was implanted with 60 keV employing doses between 1×1012 and 1×1014 cm−2 and thereafter the sample was transferred back to the MBE system where the AlxGa1−xAs spacer as well as the GaAs top layer were grown. To protect the surface during the growth interruption, an amorphous As layer was used. Either an in situ annealing step before regrowth (30 s at 730 °C) or an ex situ thermal processing (30 s at 750 °C) after regrowth was used to remove the crystal damage due to the implantation. For the ex situ annealing step, we obtained mobilities up to 1.2×105 cm2/V s at 4.2 K after illumination whereas we observed mobilities up to 1.5×106 cm2/V s employing the in situ annea...


This article deals with the development of a Web‐based integrated system for distance graduate studies of optimization models, methods, and applications. The aim is to support the curriculum and free choice courses and to provide students with hands‐on experience on the effective use and development of software tools. The system is to stimulate and develop creative abilities of work as independent researchers by investigating of on‐line optimization models on the web. The idea is to optimize heuristics of different discrete optimization models by the unified Bayesian heuristic approach. The software is regularly updated in response to new programming tools and students reports. The general structure of the website remains: http://pilis.if.ktu.lt/∼jmockus © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 18: 331–343, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com); DOI 10.1002/cae.20264


ABSTRACT Aims: The study evaluated the predictive role of preoperative fasting C-peptide, hemoglobin (Hb)A1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and body mass index (BMI) levels on diabetes remission in patients with type 2 diabetes following bariatric surgery. Methods: Medline, PubMed, Central, and Google Scholar databases of up to September 7, 2016 were searched using the following terms: type 2 diabetes mellitus, gastric bypass, Roux-en-Y, anastomosis, C-peptide, weight loss, HbA/HbA1c, predictive/predictor. Results: Meta-analysis of the pooled data indicated that fasting C-peptide was predictive of increased chance of remission of type 2 diabetes (pooled difference in means = 0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.61 to 1.25, p < .001). The analysis also found that FPG (pooled standardized mean difference = −0.42, 95% CI: −0.64 to −0.20, p < .004) and HbA1c levels (pooled difference in means = −1.05, 95% CI: −1.48 to −0.62, p < .001) were associated with reduced odds of type 2 diabetes remission. BMI was not found to be associated with remission (pooled difference in means = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.30 to 0.88, p = .343). In general, subgroup analysis, which evaluated the pooled data from the retrospective and prospective studies separately, gave similar results. Conclusions: Preoperative fasting plasma C-peptide was associated with increased type 2 diabetes remission after bariatric surgery, whereas baseline HbA1c and FPG levels were associated with reduced chance of remission. These parameters may be used as a guideline in weighing the risks and benefits for surgical intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes.


We propose a new MOS-IGBT power clamp for high-temperature operation providing a very compact high-robustness ESD protection with low temperature sensitivity. It is achieved by inserting in the same LDMOS device P+ diffusions in the drain with various N+/P+ ratios whose impact on RON and holding current at high temperatures is thoroughly studied.


Train controls at the Montreal Subway are revisited. A simulation environment is developed and used to analyze the desirability of replacing present (PID based) controls by fuzzy logic controllers which consume less energy. Two fuzzy logic controllers are proposed: the first one turned out to produce practically no improvement, but the second one achieved an average of 6% energy savings while slightly reducing the average train travelling time from present levels.<<ETX>>


Re-engineering has the potential to improve software productivity and quality y across the entire life cycle. It involves improving the software maintenance process and improving existing systems by applying new technologies and tools to software maintenance. Re-engineering can help us understanding existing systems and discover software components(e.g., design structure, data structure that are common across systems. These common components then can be reused in the development (or redevelopment )of systems, thereby significantly shortening the time and lessening the risk of developing systems. The Object-Oriented paradigm has been known to improve software maintainability. There still exist many problems in recognizing object, attributes and operations that are conceptually integrated and constructing of object class. In this paper, we propose a method that defines a fundamental theories of re-engineering and a concept recognition for object- oriented paradigm. We also describe the re-engineering tool that translates the existing procedure-oriented program into object-oriented system. This tool has a strength to solve the conceptual integrity problem in object-oriented recognition.


Abstract This article seeks to explore the potential for improving learning and teaching in theology and religion by evolving current schemes for the peer observation of teaching into the wider and richer framework of the peer enhancement of learning and teaching. Specifically, it argues that this richer framework, (i) creates more opportunities for teachers to learn from each other by sharing in each other's teaching, (ii) strengthens the facilitation of individual and team reflection on good practice, (iii) links well with current national and institutional developments for the continuing professional development of HE teachers, and the recognition and reward of excellence in learning and teaching.


This study aims to develop a simple-practical design procedure to determine the appropriate size of the turbine's outer radius for any given internal parameters according to the available flow rate through numerical calculation. The calculation is performed using python programming language by combining the existing model of Archimedes turbine, including the power calculation model, turbine flow rate capacity, and losses modeling, into a procedural design calculation to produce the appropriate value. The design procedure could be used to obtain the required and could be able to accommodate the available water flow rate optimally for any given value of each internal parameter and available flow rate. It is obtained that a higher pitch ratio would result in smaller . Moreover, the value of 0.45 would give the smallest size of the appropriate . On the other hand, the higher turbine's inclination angle would require a greater . It is also revealed that the angle of will give the turbine optimum efficiency. In addition, it is also estimated that the Archimedes turbine would be more efficient in a higher available water flow rate. The resulting design shows a good agreement with the installed Archimedes turbine based on the surveyed data at some power plants. Therefore, the proposed design can improve Archimedes Turbine's design by providing the appropriate size of according to the available flow rate without any overflow or underfilling. The design procedure could also provide a practical tool for designing Archimedes turbine.


Many bank customers are still reluctant to conduct their financial transactions online. The aim of this paper is to provide an improved understanding of determinants of online banking adoption in Austria. The authors propose a conceptual model that integrates perceptions of innovation characteristics and individual differences and report an empirical study with 372 bank customers in Austria. Logistic regression is used to analyse the data. The findings confirm the relevance of perceived innovation characteristics to online banking acceptance. Beyond that, the results suggest that internet trust and preference for personal contact are individual difference variables that predict online banking adoption.


The conception of the "audiotactic principle (and music)" is inherent to a theoretical model of the phenomenology of the artistic creation of much contemporary music; creation not attributable to the occurring of the Western art tradition (understood with particular reference to the romantic and post-romantic period, in which the nomological status of the score is affirmed, which will find its ideological acumen in the Werktreue Ideal , the absolute fidelity to the semiotic dictation, approximately from the middle of the nineteenth century to the middle of the twentieth century). The "audiotactic principle" (PAT), in a first approximation and from a psycho-cognitive anthropology's point of view, can be understood as referring to the somato-psychic medium , alternating in its phenomenological substancialism to the medium of notational technology, through which the primary phase of morphosyntactic constitution of specific repertoire happens (jazz, rock, world, etc.).


Objective: To observe the survival and migration by transplantation of embryonic stem cells in SCI andHIE in mouse. Method: Labeled XY with Lac- Z marked gene, of mouse ES cell was cultured and induced to dif-ferentiate by specialized factors in vitro. ES cell- derived cells were planted into vertebral canal around injuredspinal cord and cerebral ventricle of HIE model. Model animals were observe at 8 weeks after transplantation.Spinal cord and brain tissue were harvested for enzymology staining to detect whether the Lac- Z- labeled geneESc express. Result: ES cell- derived cells could survive and migrate in the injured region of central nervous sys-tem in a long distance, and communications with peritissue.Conclusion:ES cell- derived cells could survive and mi-grate in central nervous system injured region, brian migration was more apparent in comparision with spinal migra-tion.


On Waring's problem for cubes, it is conjectured that every sufficiently large natural number can be represented as a sum of four cubes of natural numbers. Denoting by E ( N ) the number of the natural numbers up to N that cannot be written as a sum of four cubes, we may express the conjecture as E ( N )≪1.


Isolated cervical spine fractures are often managed non-operatively, yet patients are frequently subject to inter-facility transfers for surgical assessment. Improving communication with spine surgeons may ensure thorough patient workup is completed before deciding to transfer patients. In turn, this may significantly reduce healthcare costs and resource expenditure. Study Design. Retrospective cohort. Objective. To aim of this study was to identify patient variables, injury characteristics, and costs associated with operative and non-operative treatment following inter-facility transfer of patients with isolated cervical spine fractures. Summary of Background Data. Patients with isolated cervical spine fractures are subject to inter-facility transfer for surgical assessment, yet are often treated nonoperatively. The American College of Surgeons' benchmark rate of "secondary over-triage" is <50%. Identifying patient and injury characteristics as well as costs associated with treatment following transfer of patients with isolated cervical spine fractures may help reduce rates of secondary over-triage and healthcare expenditures. Methods. Patients transferred to a Level-1 trauma center with isolated cervical spine fractures between January 2015 and September 2020 were identified. Patient demographics, comorbidities, insurance data, injury characteristics, imaging workup, treatment, and financial data were collected for all patients. Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to identify patient and injury characteristics associated with surgical treatment. Results. Nearly 75% of patients were treated non-operatively. Over 97% of transfers were accepted by the general surgery trauma service. Multivariable modeling found that higher BMI, presence of any neurologic deficit including spinal cord or isolated spinal nerve root injuries, present smoking status, or cervical spine magnetic resonance imaging obtained post-transfer, were associated with surgical treatment for isolated cervical spine fractures. Among patients with type II dens fractures, increased fracture displacement was associated with surgical treatment. Median charges to patients treated operatively and nonoperatively were $380,890 and $90,734, respectively. Median hospital expenditures for patients treated operatively and nonoperatively were $55,115 and $12,131, respectively. Conclusion. A large proportion of patients with isolated cervical spine fractures are subject to over-triage. Injury characteristics are important for determining need for surgical treatment, and therefore interfacility transfer. Improving communication with spine surgeons when deciding to transfer patients may significantly reduce health care costs and resource use. Level of Evidence: 4


This paper reports some work undertaken during the development of a generic object tracking application based on a keypoint model. In our previous work, we proposed a keypoint labeling algorithm to distinguish object from background keypoints. This article is the continuation of this work and deals with the problem of handling object deformation using the keypoint labels. In consequence, we introduce an algorithm to refine the bounding box position according to the surrounding keypoint labels. Experimental results are shown to validate this theory.


A strong positive NLE has been observed with mixtures of ligand diastereomers in the addition of terminal alkynes to Meldrums' acid-derived acceptors and imminium ions using PINAP ligands. This NLE is such that the diastereomeric ligand mixture obtained from synthesis (10–26% de) can be employed directly in the conjugate addition reaction or imminium additions, furnishing products in high ee.


Abstract. Atmospheric models often fail to correctly reproduce the microphysical structure of Arctic mixed-phase clouds and underpredict ice water content, even when simulations are constrained by the observed levels of ice nucleating particles. In this study we investigate whether ice multiplication from ice-ice collisions, a process missing in most models, can account for the observed cloud ice in a stratocumulus cloud observed during the Arctic Summer Cloud Study campaign. Our results indicate that including ice-ice collisions can improve the modeled cloud water properties, but the degree of influence depends on other poorly constrained microphysical aspects that include ice habit, rimed fraction and cloud ice-to-snow autoconversion rate. Simulations with dendrites are less sensitive to variations in the assumed rimed fraction of the particle that undergoes break-up, compared to those with planar ice. Activating cloud ice-to-snow autoconversion decreases the sensitivity of the break-up process to both the assumed ice habit and rimed fraction. Finally, adapting a relatively small value for the threshold diameter at which cloud ice is converted to snow enhances break-up efficiency and improves the macrophysical representation of the cloud.


Paper and paperboard production is an industry heavily dependent on wood fibres. Paper and paperboard products include newsprint, printing and writing, household and sanitary, and packaging and industrial.


Image texture is used to segment left ventricular magnetic resonance (MR) images. The approach is built upon assumptions regarding those probability density functions (PDFs) present within the image. Specifically, an algorithm is constructed which assumes that the data are distributed as fractional Brownian motion (FBM). The FBM is parameterized by H, which quantifies the roughness present in the image texture. When the algorithm is applied to MR data, a bimodal histogram results. This allows automatic classification of the data with resulting LV segmentation.<<ETX>>


In recognition of the critical need for an increased and diverse STEM workforce within the State of Michigan and across the nation, the University of Michigan launched the Michigan STEM (M-STEM) Academy in the College of Engineering in the summer of 2008. M-STEM adapted features of the successful and nationally recognized Meyerhoff Scholars Program at the University of Maryland-Baltimore County, to develop a program serving a new clientele: talented diverse incoming engineering student who, for reasons of socioeconomic class, first generation college student status, race, gender, or lack of high school rigor might not be successful in pursuing a Michigan STEM degree. M-STEM provides these students with a highly coordinated support system during the critical transition years between high school graduation and the declaration of a STEM concentration by the junior undergraduate year. We will assess the program's impact on first-year grades (actual grades compared to predicted grades, based on background); the performance of this cohort within the context of a large engineering population and; the components of the first-year program associated with this achievement outcome. Our long-term goal for the M-STEM Academy Scholars is that they will complete their degrees with sufficient distinction to be highly competitive for admission to professional schools, graduate programs, or the workforce. Thus, our long term indicators include graduation rate, GPA, undergraduate research participation, summer internships, first position after graduation, and acceptance to professional or graduate schools. The program staff meets regularly to discuss the quantitative and qualitative indicators and how to use them to improve/modify program components including the content and mode of instruction in the summer transition courses, the frequency of academic coaching meetings, and the right combination of curricular and co-curricular programmatic efforts.


In this paper, we define distance partition of a vertex set of a graph G with reference to a vertex set in it and with the help of the same a graph dimension two with cluster (I,e, βc(G)=2) is characterized. In this process, we develop a polynomial time algorithm that verifies if the cluster dimension of a given graph G is two. The same algorithm explores all the cluster bases of graph G whenever βc(G)=2. We also find bound for cardinality of any distance partite set with reference to a given vertex , whenever βc(G)=2. Also, in a graph G with βc(G)=2, a bound for cardinality of any distance partite set as well as a bound for number of vertices in any subgraph H of G is obtained in terms of diam H.


Evaluators who take a complexity‐aware approach must consider tradeoffs related to theoretical parsimony, falsifiability, and measurement validity. These tradeoffs may be particularly pronounced with ex‐post evaluation designs in which program theory development and monitoring frameworks are often completed before the evaluator is engaged. In this chapter, we argue that theory‐based evaluation (TBE) approaches can address unique ex‐post evaluation challenges that complexity‐aware evaluation (CAE) alone cannot, and that these two sets of approaches are complimentary. We will outline strategies that evaluators may use to conduct rigorous ex‐post evaluations of democracy, human rights, and governance (DRG) interventions that merge CAE's inductive approaches with a theory‐testing structure. It will illustrate these strategies with two case studies of ex‐post evaluation using process tracing (PT).


The author intend shows by historical view, the born, growt up and consolidation the Urban Tribes in Santiago de Chile trough period suitable. For goal this objetive make an short history about social and spacial constitution of Santiago de Chile during second half of XX siecle. The author explains the urban tribes styles what lives this city and search yours estetics, musicals and tecnologicals files for explain constitutions itself. For other side and development preview ideas the author discuss ?secure citizen? ideology than produce an discurse about this groups, stigmatizes.


It is shown that the localization length of quasienergy eigenfunctions is determined by the classical diffusion rate: l=D/2. The new numerical method of minimal Lyapunov exponent for the calculation of l is proposed and applied to the quantum standard map and Lloyd model.


Indonesia's Reformation in 1998 is a political change driven by the power of civil society and very much determined by the discourse in hegemonic struggle. One of the most influential intellectual ideas and leadership styles of reformation and civil society is suggested by Nurcholish Madjid.  This article examines the twenty-year problems of Reformation in the view of Gramsci's theory of hegemony by analyzing Nurcholish Madjid's ideas. There is an intellectual imperialism which makes the national ideas embedded in the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution unable to be developed to guide the national life due to the irrelevant social sciences. This article uses the approach of discourse analysis on Indonesian Preamble of the 1945 Constitution text. The explanation shows the possibilities and the expectations after twenty years of Reformation in Indonesia.


In the context of risk or lifecycle cost assessments of bridges, in addition to the probability of collapse, damage consequences are used as input parameters. One of the most important damage conse...


Background  Skin atrophy is one of the main side‐effects of topical corticosteroid therapy. Although the use of high‐frequency ultrasound is an established method that has been studied previously, it allows measurements of the slow‐reacting dermal thickness only.


The complex dielectric constants of vertically aligned silicon nanowires (SiNWs) are measured by using terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). The SiNWs are fabricated on a (100) silicon wafer by a metal-assisted chemical etching method. It is demonstrated that the absorption coefficient of the SiNWs is significantly larger than that of a bare silicon wafer at THz band.


With the promotion of reform and open-up policy,there has taken great changes in the field of consumption in our country.Consumption has gradually become an important part of people's daily life,which brings up vital influences to the economic and social structure.The analysis of the consumption passion for sports leisure,an aspect of the consumption world,will contribute to the understanding of the transfer of contemporary consumption.


PURPOSE: An epoxy resin composition for optical semiconductors is provided to have excellent thermal resistance and good light reflectivity and to obtain a reflector with excellent mechanical strength. CONSTITUTION: An epoxy resin composition for optical semiconductors is an epoxy resin composition for forming a reflector and comprises an epoxy resin, a hardener, a white pigment, and a releasing agent indicated in chemical formula 1: CH3-(CH2)k-CH2-O-(CHRm-CHRn-O-)x-H. In chemical formula 1, each of Rm and Rn is hydrogen or a monovalent alkyl group; k is a positive number from 1-100; and x is a positive number from 1-100.


A conducting body moving with respect to a magnet experiences lift and drag forces from the eddy currents induced in the conductor. The force on the conductor is dependent on the relative velocity between the conductor and the magnet. In this study, we investigate the force dependence on magnetic Reynolds number, a dimensionless indicator of velocity. The Lorentz equation is used to predict the force on the conductor, given the spatial dependence of the eddy currents and magnetic induction vector inside the conductor. Maxwell's equations, which govern the electromagnetic quantities, are reduced to a single convection-diffusion equation for the magnetic induction vector inside the conducting body. An integral solution which satisfies the governing equation and boundary conditions is used to obtain the eddy currents and magnetic field. For our model, both lift and drag forces increase sharply with Reynolds number, reach a maximum, and decrease with increasing Reynolds number to an asymptotic limit. We also find that skin depth, the depth to which the eddy currents decay inside the conductor, decreases with increasing Reynolds number. The relevance to magnetically supported high-speed vehicles and magnetic bearings is discussed.


Overweight and obesity are nutritional problems that are often found in adolescence and early adulthood who experience down syndrome. The purpose of this research was to compare the energy adequacy level and physical activity of overweight and non-overweight adolescene with down syndrome. This research used case control study design. Collected data included antropomethry data, energy intake with 2x24 hours food recall, and pyhsical activity with physical activity questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Mann Whitney test. This research showed that adolescents with down syndrome tend to had low energy intake and activity level. There was no signifi cant difference in evergy adequacy level (p value=0.571) and physical activity level in both groups (p value=0.182).


FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: present invention concerns new, selectable hybrid polypeptides expressing at least two hormonal activities containing a first biologically active module of a peptide hormone covalently bonded with at least one additional biologically active module of the peptide hormone. EFFECT: polypeptides can be used as agents for treatment and prevention of metabolic diseases and disorders associated with overweight. 19 cl, 6 dwg, 6 tbl, 4 ex


Hyperluminous X-ray source (HLX) is a class of bright X-ray source with luminosity >〖10〗^41 erg s^(-1). HLX is considered a distinct population which different from the majority of ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX) which has luminosity in the range of 〖10〗^39-〖10〗^41 erg s^(-1). This classification is needed because the presumption that its compact object and energy-generation mechanism are different from that of ULX. Most of ULX can be explained by stellar-mass black hole (〖<100 M〗_ʘ) and energy-generation mechanism in the form of mass accretion with high mass accretion rate. However, this explanation is not appropriate to describe HLX due to the theoretical limitation on the increase of mass accretion rate. That is the increase of mass accretion rate does not always result in the increase of the luminosity. HLX cannot be explained with stellar-mass black hole scenario, but instead, should be explained with intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) scenario.
HLX as a class has not been exstensively studied. By collecting information from various scientific literatures, the candidate list of HLX is built that consists of 52 X-ray sources with luminosity in the range of, L_x ~ 0.18-141.64 (×〖10〗^41 erg s^(-1) ) and the distance in the range of, d ~ 3.63-754 Mpc.
Nowadays, the best IMBH candidate which have been known is 2XMM J011028.1-460421, then so-called ESO 243-49 HLX-1 (hereafter, HLX-1). HLX-1 has been successfully identified from 2XMM Serendipitous Source Catalogue in coordinate α=〖01〗^j 〖10〗^m 〖28,2〗^d and δ=〖-46〗^∘ 〖04〗^' 〖22,2〗^'' (J2000) with position uncertainty (3σ) of 〖0,83〗^''. This source was observed in 23th November 2004 as part of Obs-Id 0204540201. The position of HLX-1 is coincided with that of galaxy ESO 243-49, with redshift z=0.0224±0.0001, 8" from the galactic center, but is still within the inner galactic boundary of ESO 243-49. The maximum luminosity of HLX-1, assuming a value of redshift, z=0,0224, is ~〖10〗^42 erg s^(-1).
In this final project, the properties of HLX-1 will be studied and discussed based on observations in various wavelengths. By knowing HLX-1 properties, the characteristic of HLX which differentiate it to that of ULX, as well as IMBH interpretation, can be studied profoundly.

Keywords: hyperluminous X-ray source, ESO 243-49, intermediate mass black hole


This Interface Focus issue presents 15 different facets of the research conducted by the participants of the BioSim Network (www.biosim-network.net). BioSim was a network of excellence under the Life Sciences, Genomics and Biotechnology for Health Thematic Priority Area of the 6th European Framework Programme. The immediate goal of the network was to develop modelling and simulation approaches that can help the pharmaceutical industry achieve a more rational drug development process. In a broader perspective, the network aimed at contributing in an essential manner to the development of an integrated and quantitative understanding of biological processes. It included a total of 40 partners, including 26 academic research groups from various universities, nine SMEs and Novo Nordisk, with many of the partners having strong collaborations with the pharmaceutical industry. The network established a platform for very fruitful interdisciplinary collaboration with biological groups providing insights into genetics, biochemistry, cellular biology, pharmacology, endocrinology, neurology and physiology; clinicians and hospital groups bringing experience in treatments of depression, various forms of tremor, and cancer clinical interventions and theoreticians providing expertise in bioinformatics, systems biology (SB), network theory, statistical physics, nonlinear dynamics and complex systems theory, as well as pharmacokinetics and clinical trial planning.


Coeliac trunk and Superior Mesenteric arteries are very much susceptible to variations and were described by Tandler in 1904. Abdominal aorta branches are classified as single double or visceral parietal. Double visceral branches are middle suprarenal, renal and testicular arteries and single visceral branches are coeliac trunk, superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric arteries. Materials and Methods:  After obtaining ethical committee approval, we observed the origin, course and branching pattern of pancreatico duodenal arteries in 50 cadavers kept for dissection from 2019-2022 in Rohilkand Medical College and Hospital and Ayaan Institute of Medical Sciences. Results:  In a male cadaver aged approximately 60 years, we observed that inferior pancreatico duodenal artery is absent. In another male cadaver aged about 70 years, we observed an additional inferior pancreatico duodenal artery. In remaining specimens, we observed the branching pattern very much normal.


Introduction/Hypothesis: The ICU environment carries potential harm to the hearing system, either by ototoxicity or injury by different mechanisms. However, little is known about the possible impact of ICU hospitalization on the hearing acuity of adult patients. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hearing acuity of adult patients surviving after hospitalization in an ICU. Methods: Retrospective cohort study. Adult patients (> 18 years) discharged alive in a general ICU of a teaching hospital were evaluated after two months in a multiprofessional outpatient clinic in the same institution. Tonal audiometry was performed by trained professional. Patients who failed to perform audiometry were excluded. Clinical and hospitalization data were obtained through medical record research. Informed consent was obtained from the patients. Descriptive statistical analysis and univariate analysis were performed. Results: During the study period, 28 patients were able to perform audiometry at the post-ICU Multiprofessional Outpatient Clinic (57% male, mean age 48.1 years). The most common causes of admission were medical (43%) and trauma (25%). The incidence of auditory dysfunction (audiometry with sensorineural hearing loss) was 71% (of these, 90% bilateral). The patients with abnormal audiometry (hearing loss) were older, higher admission APACHE II, had more comorbidities (COPD), used more aminoglycosides and furosemide, and had higher MV and ICU time. Conclusions: A high incidence of hearing disorders was detected in post-ICU surviving adult patients, possibly related to higher severity during hospitalization.


Parkinson disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects nervous system and the root cause of it is falling rates of dopamine levels in the forebrain. It is a chronic degenerative disease with progressive illness, which means it develops new symptoms over time.This happens with progressive neuronal loss in the substantia nigra of brain. People with PD cannot do their works as a normal human. Though clinical assessments considered ample amount of data that include various features, sometimes it is hard to decide whether a person is suffering from PD or not based on the type of data, feature selection methods help to solve this issue. Various methods are developed, proposed, and analyzed to detect the Parkinson disease, given the required data. This paper is a survey of predicting Parkinson disease using machine learning algorithms, various new technologies applied, and their accuracies achieved.


Edge and Fog computing represent today a realistic alternative to traditional cloud data centers in order to support data-intensive and time-sensitive applications, such as those laying under the Internet of Things (IoT) umbrella. One of the main problems associated to this is the service placement problem, or how to efficiently manage the available computing and storage resources while deploying the plethora of application services, to be made available to clients, at the network edge/fog? Due to the similarities shared by this problem and the traditional data caching problem, multiple researches started looking at the adaptation of the Information-Centric Networking (ICN) paradigm to answer the aforementioned question, giving birth to what we depict as an ICN-Edge/Fog architecture. Leveraging such an architecture, we propose in this paper a novel service caching strategy, called 3Q, that is the first to argue on the caching of both, the service instances, consuming computing resources, as well as their associated source codes, consuming storage resources. Being characterized by its low-complexity and its low-overhead, 3Q proves to achieve near-optimal results in terms of cached services hits, latency and cloud usage.


Lattice-matched heterovalent alloys and superlattices have some unique physical properties. For example, their band gap can change by a large amount without significant change in their lattice constants, thus they have great potential for optelectronic applications. Using first-principles total energy calculation and Monte Carlo simulation as well as lattice harmonic expansion, we systematically study the stability of the heterovalent superlattices. We show that the chemical trend of stability of lattice-matched heterovalent superlattices is significantly different from lattice-mismatched isovalent superlattices, because for lattice-mismatched isovalent superlattices the stability is mostly determined by strain, whereas for lattice-matched nonisovalent superlattices the interfacial energy depend not only on the bond energy but also on the Coulomb energy derived from donor- and acceptor-like wrong bonds. In the short-period heterovalent superlattices, the abrupt [111] interface has the lowest energy even though it is polar, whereas for the long-period heterovalent superlattices, the [110] interface has the lowest energy. On the contrary, [201] superlattices are usually the most stable for lattice-mismatched isovalent superlattices.


Abstract An investigation was carried out to clarify the effect of the chemical composition of mould powder on its properties. A suitable commercial mould powder used for casting of some alloy steels was analysed. Ten different powders were designed to have identical elemental chemical composition but with some different phases using different raw material sources. These 11 powders were fired to 1300°C for 1 h. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that main phases are essentially the same. Prediction of mould flux viscosity by viscosity models yields identical values for all specimens. Melting rate was calculated for all samples and resulted similar values. With the same particle size range, bulk density of all powders was almost the same. The properties of the samples were similar and all with very good lubrication behaviour. It was concluded that the role of elemental chemical analysis in mould powders is more important than phase analysis and the raw materials used. This offers the opportunity for using 'waste' products as sources of raw materials for mould powders.


In 2016-2017, for the first time, nearly year-long measurements of the current velocities were carried out below the thermocline at a depth of 100 m and at a depth of 1700 m that was about 100 m above the seabed by using the mooring station in the deep central part of the Black Sea. Analysis of the new data set allowed us to uncover the followings. In the near-bottom layer, the significant flow velocities were recorded, reaching a peak magnitude of 0.13 m/s. Near the frequency of 110-6 Hz, in the transition region of the energy spectrum, the spectral energy of the deep current was close to that observed in the same range in the subthermocline layer of the sea. In the range of balanced geostrophic motions, the energy spectrum had a slope of -2,8 that should be compared to a spectrum slope of -1,8 obtained for current below the thermocline. The regular strong horizontal currents were observed near the local inertial frequency fI. There was a blue shift of the inertial maximum up to 5% with respect to fI in the energy spectrum.


Antibody for use in treating an allergic enfernnedad, wherein the antibody recognizes both a protein consisting of an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of the amino acid sequences represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 to 6, as Fcc RI on a cell expressing said protein


We present the Smarandache's Orthic Theorem in the geometry of the triangle. Smarandache's Orthic Theorem. Given a triangle ABC whose angles are all acute (acute triangle), we consider ' ' ' A B C , the triangle formed by the legs of its altitudes. In which conditions the expression: ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' A B B C B C C A C A A B ⋅ + ⋅ + ⋅ is maximum?


The dynamic shear modulus was measured during stress reversal in a torsional simple shear-resonant column device. The shear modulus measurements were then used to investigate the change in the fabric during shearing. It was assumed that the shear modulus was sensitive to the net loss of contacts associated with the development of fabric in the material. During a complete cycle of loading, unloading and reverse loading, the fabric changed more slowly than the stress and more rapidly than the strain. The decrease in the shear modulus during loading was recovered either totally or partially on unloading, depending on the largest stress in loading. Le module de cisaillement dynamique fut mesure au cours du renversement des contraintes dans un appareil a colonne resonante pour mesurer le cisaillement simple par torsion. Puis les mesures de module de cisaillement furent utilisees pour etudier le changement dans la texture au cours du cisaillement. L'hypothese etait que le module de cisaillement etait sensible a...


Summary The taxonomic status and definition of some genera of the Clausiliidae are discussed, and descriptions of Sumelia, Kazancia (Lasica) n. subgen. and Elia (Elia) menkhorsti n. sp. are given.


It is roughly made, squat, and leans to one side. The rim is slightly inturned and is bevelled internally, and the vase is divided in half by a deep waist. The decoration is very crudely executed by means of a square-toothed implement. On the neck, between horizontal lines, are a row of hatched triangles and another of lozenges alternating with plain lozenges and triangles, with the hatched triangles abutting on the upper line, the plain on the lower. Round the waist is a narrow band of two horizontal lines filled with short diagonals. On the lower half of the vase the design of triangles and lozenges is repeated, but the space allowed for a second row of lozenges and the position of the plain and decorated triangles is inverted. The implement employed for ornamenting the vase was.apparently not a wheel, since each line in the cross-hatching is composed of the marks of two or three teeth followed by a tapering groove, as if formed by the drag of the lateral edge of the implement. The handle is ornamented with lines executed with the same implement. Handled beakers or vases in the form of mugs are, as has been demonstrated by Dr. Cyril Fox, F.S.A., in a recent paper {Arch. Cambrensis, lxxx, 11), of rare occurrence in the British Isles. In a schedule (p. 30) of the known finds up to 1925, he gives a total of sixteen. It is to this small number that the Eynsham beaker has to be added. It also helps to increase the scanty list of beakers of any kind from the Oxford region. These, listed by Dr. Fox under Berks, and Oxon. (op. cit., pp. 26 and 28), number fourteen in all, to which can now be added the three specimens from Stanton Harcourt recently published (Antiq. Journ. xi, 59), and the Eynsham vase.


The community of trophically transmitted marine parasites of juvenile coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) salmon across 8 years (2002–2009) was related to indices of physical and biological ocean conditions and adult returns. When the biomass of lipid-poor, southern origin copepods in the coastal ocean was high during juvenile salmon outmigration from fresh water (April–June), yearling coho and Chinook salmon harbored a different trophically transmitted parasite fauna and exhibited lower survival compared with years when the southern copepod biomass was low. As copepods are key intermediate hosts in many marine parasite life cycles, these results support a trophic linkage between the copepod community and salmon prey. Interannual variation in the parasite community was correlated with survival of coho salmon (r = −0.67) measured 1 year later and adult returns of Upper Columbia River summer and fall Chinook salmon (r = −0.94) 3 years from the time of ocean entry.


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 This article presents a biographical account of Adam Curle, focusing especially on the development of his ideas on peace and peace studies and the impact these had on the evolution of the field at the level of theory and of practice. Curle was the founding Professor of the Department of Peace Studies at the University of Bradford in the UK. Appointed to the Chair in 1973, the department launched its teaching and research programmes in 1974. Curle's influence on the department and his development of a theory and practice of peace and peacemaking is traced and analysed in this article. His theory of peace was based on a synthesis of academic perspectives drawing on psychology, anthropology and development theory, and on the early peace theory of other innovators in the field of peace studies, including Johan Galtung and Kenneth Boulding. His peace practice was based on the experience of large scale conflict in the Nigerian Civil War and the India Pakistan conflict in the 1960s and 1970s, and was distinguished by his use of non-official or track two mediation as a complement to formal diplomacy in such conflicts. His use of mediation was modified later when, in the 1990s, in the context of the civil war in the Balkans, he helped to mobilise support for local people who wished to resist the civil war and to build peaceful communities and cultures of peace. In this way he also pioneered the idea of peace building from below, currently recognised as a leading mode of peacemaking amongst academics and practitioners.


Abstract : This memorandum reviews the basics of stereoscopic computer vision and describes ideas developed to use run-length encoded images for such work. A brief bibliography of scene analysis and image coding work is included. (Author)


ABSTRACT In this paper a physically based mathematical model for the description of particle wetting, temperature and humidity characteristics during a non-stationary fluidized bed spray-drying of granules or during a non-stationary fluidized bed coating in a Hüttlin®-Kugelcoater HKC 05-TJ is introduced. Using this model it is possible to calculate the humidity and temperature of the air, the degree of particle wetting, the temperatures of both the liquid layer and the particles under consideration and the influence of the wall of the apparatus and its surroundings. The effects of start-up and shut-down processes on the results as well as the time dependence of the discontinuous process with varying process parameters such as the amount of liquid sprayed in and its temperature, the amount of fluidising air and its temperature are simulated and the results were compared with those obtained experimentally using a Hüttlin -Kugelcoater HKC 05-TJ. Furthermore, the growth of the bed and the increase of particle masses during a discontinuous coating and granulation processes were taken into account in a simplified manner.


Continuation of Ser. No. 109,698, Aug. 20, 1993, aban doned, which is a continuation of Ser. No. 911,021, Jul. 9, 1992, abandoned, which is a continuation of Ser. No. 489,855, Mar. 2, 1990, Pat. No. 5,185,259, which is a continuation of Ser. No. 12,694, Feb. 9, 1987, abandoned, which is a division of Ser. No. 483,052, Apr. 7, 1983, Pat. No. 4,766,075, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 398,003, Jul. 14, 1982, abandoned, and a continuation-in part of Ser. No. 374,860, May 5, 1982, abandoned.


The article presents the results of theoretical studies of vertical and deflecting vibrations of two-stroke screws with a wavy surface and conveyor screws with a curved base and an elastic element. Based on the analysis of the obtained graphs of the relations of laws and motion parameters, their optimal values are justified. Here, the options for applying rubber gaskets to bearing bearings are considered in two versions, that is, with the same and two different types of stencils. When the rubber bushings of the bearing supports are taken in two different elasticities, the change laws of the vibration of the screw are obtained depending on the size of the supports, the moment of inertia of the screw and the change of the technological resistance force. Introduction


An improved tool environment, wherein the glass tube having a predetermined shape with a predetermined sealing negatively ionized particles and / or powdery element and / or compound. Elements and / or compounds selected from among Si, SiOx, C, Al, P, Ge, Sn, Pb, Cu, Ag, Au, Ni and Fe. The tool into the ground to improve the environment, stray current easily flows, thereby preventing charging. When the sounding body improve when the utterance at least three tools to determine the space, the air, human bodies, animals, plants and objects can be activated. As long as the placement tool can improve the environment clean water, air and soil.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the safety and accuracy of a unilateral three-dimensionally printed animal-specific drill guide (3DASDG) design for unilateral stabilization in the thoracolumbar vertebral column of dogs compared to a bilateral design.

STUDY DESIGN
Cadaveric study.

SAMPLE POPULATION
Fifty-two corridors in one canine cadaver.

METHODS
Two 3DASDG designs with 2 drilling tubes each were created from T8 to L7 vertebrae. Fifty-two corridors were drilled on the right and the left sides by using unilateral and bilateral designs, respectively. Planned and postoperative trajectories (entry point, exit point, angle) were compared to establish the accuracy. Statistical analysis was used for accuracy comparison between designs. Safety was evaluated by using Zdichavsky classification.

RESULTS
Unilateral and bilateral drill guide designs were not different for entry point and angle deviations; however, they were different for the exit point deviations. Two corridors breached outside the vertebra. For all guides, mean entry and exit point deviations were less than 1 and 2 mm, respectively. The maximum entry or exit point deviation in both groups was 4.7 mm. The mean angle deviation was <3.5°, and the maximum angle deviation was 9.3°.

CONCLUSION
No difference was detected in accuracy of entry points and angle deviations between drill guide designs tested in normal vertebrae. The technique was classified as highly safe.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
A unilateral drill guide design may be a safe alternative to bilateral guides for unilateral stabilization of the thoracolumbar vertebral column in dogs.


The paper briefly Introduced some improvement measures for reducing the thermal deviation of boiler pressure-containing parts in a nutshell which can decease the accident rate of running boilers.


Although symptoms of anxiety often coexist with symptoms of depression, little is known on how such coexistence affects youth's school experiences.

OBJECTIVES
We tested how the two types of behaviors, when coexisting, were associated with youth's negative attitude toward teachers, school, and poor peer relations.

METHOD
Data were collected from 203 ethnically and socioeconomically diverse youth (male: 24.6%; mean = 15.8 years, standard deviation = 2.4) with the 3rd edition of the Behavioral Assessment for Children: Self-Report of Personality.

RESULTS
Scores for symptoms of depression alone explained negative attitude toward teachers (β = .28; R2  = 17.88%), negative attitude toward school (β = .27; R2  = 14.74%), and poor peer relations (β = .42; R2  = 44.60%) as effectively as scores for both types of behaviors did.

CONCLUSION
The coexistence of symptoms of anxiety and depression did not appear to impair youth's attitude toward teachers, school and peer relations more than symptoms of depression did alone.


Chiral superconductors, a unique class of unconventional superconductors in which the complex superconducting order parameter winds clockwise or counter-clockwise in the momentum space, represent a topologically non-trivial system with direct implications for topological quantum computing. Intrinsic chiral superconductors are extremely rare, with only a few arguable examples including heavy fermion metals (UTe$_2$, UPt$_3$) and perovskite superconductor Sr$_2$RuO$_4$. Chiral molecules with neither mirror nor inversion symmetry have been widely investigated, in which the spin degeneracy may be lifted by the molecular chirality. Thus, a combination of superconductivity with chiral molecules may lead to a spin-polarized ground state for realizing chiral superconductivity. Herein we report the first investigation of unconventional superconductivity in chiral molecule intercalated tantalum disulfide (TaS$_2$) and reveal key signatures of chiral superconductivity. Little-Parks measurements demonstrate a robust and reproducible half-flux quantum phase shift in both left- and right-handed chiral molecule intercalated TaS$_2$, which is absent in pristine TaS$_2$ or achiral molecule intercalated TaS$_2$, highlighting the essential role of molecular chirality in inducing unconventional superconductivity. The robust half-flux quantum phase shift demonstrates unconventional superconductivity and constitutes strong evidence supporting a chiral superconducting ordering parameter. Critical current measurements at lower temperature reveal a peculiar asymmetric phase shift under opposite supercurrent, with a relative phase difference approaching the unity of {\pi} at below 0.5 K, further supporting topologically non-trivial superconductivity. Our study signifies the potential of hybrid superlattices with intriguing coupling between the crystalline atomic layers and the self-assembled molecular layers.


The population of Trinidad and Tobago is examined in depth. The study is divided into the following areas of concern: 1) Population Growth; 2) Components of Population Growth; 3) Population Distribution and Internal Migration; 4) Population Composition; 5) The Economically Active Population; 6) Fertility and Mating and 7) Population Projections. Within this framework all categories of population study are analyzed. The monograph includes 17 maps and diagrams and 120 tables.


I support the NMC's decision to strike off Margaret Haywood. I cannot believe that any nurse could think that there was anything legitimate or morally right about being 'wired up' with cameras and microphones to film colleagues and vulnerable patients, knowing that this was to be broadcast.


Problems related to selected issues of unitary patent protection

Unitary patent protection is one of the key challenges for the European Union. The current initiatives, which – despite being just a short step away from full implementation due to legal and formal issues, such as the complex legal structure or non-legal claims concerning their negative impact on the economy and competitiveness of enterprises – still raise doubts and uncertainties. The aim of this article is to illustrate the problem of unitary patent protection on selected issues concerning the European patent with unitary effect and the Unified Patent Court. The obstacles that prevent the implementation of the Unified Patent Court are presented. Critical voices assessing the proposed model of unitary patent protection are also presented and discussed.


The effect of several solvents on the chemical shift of the aromatic and amine protons in p-chloroaniline and p-nitroaniline has been measured. The variation in shifts is 1·2 p.p.m. for aromatic and 2·7 p.p.m. for amine protons. The protons ortho and meta to the amino group show different solvent effects.


The present invention discloses maca buccal tablets and preparation method thereof. Per 1000 g of the maca buccal tablets is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 300-400 parts of a maca fresh product, 400-500 parts of a sugar material, 150-200 parts of pregelatinized starch, and 1-2 parts of a sour agent. According to the present invention, compared with the traditional buccal tablets, the maca buccal tablets have the following characteristics that: the defect that the existing buccal tablets are not suitable for diabetes patients due to sucrose in the existing buccal tablets is overcome; an advanced nanometer grinding technology is adopted to replace the traditional organic extraction technology so as to avoid risk of organic extractant remained in the buccal tablets; the maca root is grinded into nanometer powder during the maca buccal tablet preparation process, such that most of active ingredients in the maca are easily released, and easily absorbed by human body; and the product adopts the advanced buccal tablet production technology, does not require water during taking, and can be taken directly through dissolving in mouth, such that taking is convenient.


We investigate how the CP quantum numbers of a neutral Higgs boson or spin-zero resonance, produced at the CERN Large Hadron Collider, can be determined in its tau-pair decay mode. We use a method developed in an earlier paper based on the distributions of two angles and apply it to the major 1-prong tau decays. We show for the resulting dilepton, lepton-pion, and two-pion final states that appropriate selection cuts significantly enhance the discriminating power of these observables. From our analysis we conclude that, provided a Higgs boson will be found at the LHC, it appears feasible to collect the event numbers needed to discriminate between a CP-even and -odd Higgs boson and/or between Higgs boson(s) with CP-conserving and CP-violating couplings after several years of high-luminosity runs.


Deep integration navigation with high precision and strong anti-interference has wide applications in military and civil fields.This paper analyzes the architecture of loose integration,tight integration and deep integration and points out the difference between deep integration and traditional modes.According to the different methods of information processing,deep integration navigation can be divided into four modes,and this paper analyzes the architecture and technical characteristics of different deep integration modes.Summarizing the trends of the research of deep integration technology and providing valuable reference for further study of GNSS/INS deep integration navigation technology.


Energy cooperation is one of the prerequisites for the development of modern industry and the world economy, China-Russia energy cooperation is an important part of China-Russia economic and trade cooperation between the two countries, and is also an important field of development of bilateral strategic partnership.China is the world's oil-producing and consuming countries, demand for oil and gas has great; Russia is oil and gas producing and exporting countries in the world, rich in oil and gas resources. China-Russia neighboring each other,China-Russia energy cooperation between the two countries is not only need and significance of strengthening China-Russia strategic cooperative partnership. Firstly, the paper use of SWOT analysis on China-Russia cooperation in energy analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats and finally put forward the China-Russia energy cooperation strategy. Strengthening China-Russia energy cooperation is conducive to ensuring China's energy security, but also to Russia's exports to China more energy, the China-Russia energy cooperation is a win-win and mutually beneficial cooperation.


. We consider a method for constructing models of log Gaussian Cox processes with random intensity. Namely, we consider Cox processes whose intensities are generated by a log Gaussian process. The models are constructed with a given accuracy and reliability.


For the first time data from the1986 and 1996 censuses have been organized in
an historical manner with a consistent set of definitions and geographies.
Guimond (1999) has established that the Aboriginal population, both in terms
of origin and identity, has grown rapidly and that an important component of
that growth has come from personal changes in the ethnic affiliation. This
finding begs the question: what are the characteristics of the people changing
their affiliation? Using census data, this study will focus on the highest level of
schooling variable for the populations reporting Aboriginal origins and
Aboriginal identity and show how this characteristic is changing in a selected
age cohort over the ten year period 1986-96.


This article discusses decentralized payment systems that are becoming more widespread in the global economy in the context of globalization and digitalization. Special attention is paid to the taxation of operations of decentralized payment systems in domestic and foreign practice. Th e scientifi c and practical signifi cance lies in the fact that the article considers three approaches to taxation of transactions with cryptocurrencies, defi nes the objects of taxation for such transactions, and considers the experience of foreign countries.


The use of the Triservice Anaesthetic Apparatus for the emergency evacuation of an anaesthetised patient from nuclear, biological and chemical (NBC) collective protection in a tented hospital complex in the Gulf is described. Because of its compact size and portability the Triservice Anaesthetic Apparatus may prove to be ideal for use in emergency evacuation.


Association rules mining is one of the most successfully applied data mining methods in today's business settings (e.g. Amazon or Netflix recommendations to customers). Qualified association rules mining is an extension of the association rules data mining method, that uncovers previously unknown correlations that only manifest themselves under certain circumstances (e.g. on a particular day of the week), with the goal of improving action results, e.g. turning an underperforming campaign (spread too thin over the entire audience) into a highly targeted campaign that delivers results. Such correlations have not been easily reachable using standard data mining tools so far. This paper describes the method for straightforward discovery of qualified association rules and demonstrates the use of qualified association rules mining on an actual corporate data set. The data set is a subset of a corporate data warehouse for Sam's Club, a division of Wal-Mart Stores, INC. The experiments described in this paper illustrate how qualified association rules supplement standard association rules data mining methods and provide additional information which can be used to better target corporate actions.


To cut inlay from a stack of glued veneer a CO2 HEBAR-1A laser was used. For setting optimal working parameters of the set used in industrial production of inlay the following elements were defined: the shape and dimensions of the cutting fissure, the dependence between the width of the cutting fissure and the speed with which the laser beam moves and the total thickness of the stack of veneer sheets, the application of the laser for cutting various patterns. Computer aided designing and computer steering of the laser beam enables fast and precise production of large numbers of inlay elements not only from wood but also from other materials like glass, stone, metal, etc. Taking into consideration the high running cost of such a laser set and its very big production only few factories or even one factory in the given area could produce inlay ready for gluing. Further investigation should be carried out on this field particularly considering the lowering of costs not only in inlay production but generally where cutting of wood is concerned.


ABSTRACT In this article, we describe the main phases in the development and validation of a questionnaire measuring secondary students' teleology and essentialism conceptions in the context of genetics. The validation process involved 714 Swiss and French secondary school students from 14 different schools. The process included interviews, several pilot studies, experts' feedback, and lasted from January 2017 to May 2018. The final version of the test consists of 20 items based on an ordinal scale, which measure teleology and essentialism conceptions in the context of genetics. Exploratory factor analysis showed a structure with three factors and Cronbach's alpha values indicated a good internal consistency of the items. We also report findings on students' genetic determinism conceptions, even though the respective items were not included in the final questionnaire because their psychometric properties were not as good as those for genetic teleology and genetic essentialism. Implications for science education are discussed.


Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are well known potent antimicrobial agents. Similarly, the free radical nitric oxide (NO) has important antibacterial activity, and due to its instability, the combination of NO and nanomaterials has been applied in several biomedical applications. The aim of this work was to synthesize, characterize and evaluate the antibacterial activity of a new NO-releasing AgNPs. Herein, AgNPs were synthesized by the reduction of silver ions (Ag+) by catechin, a natural polyphenol and potent antioxidant agent, derived from green tea extract. Catechin acts as a reducing agent and as a capping molecule on the surface of AgNPs, minimizing particle agglomeration. The as-synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by different techniques. The results showed the formation of AgNPs with average hydrodynamic size of 44 nm, polydispersity index of 0.21, and zeta potential of −35.9 mV. X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the presence of the AgNP core and cathecin as capping agent. The low molecular weight mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA), which contain free thiol group, was added on the surface of catechin-AgNPs, leading to the formation of MSA-catechin-AgNPs (the NO precursor nanoparticle). Free thiol groups of MSA-catechin-AgNPs were nitrosated leading to the formation of S-nitroso-mercaptosuccinic acid (S-nitroso-MSA), the NO donor. The amount of 342 ± 16 µmol of NO was released per gram of S-nitroso-MSA-catechin-AgNPs. The antibacterial activities of catechin-AgNPs, MSA-catechin-AgNPs, and S-nitroso-MSA-catechin-AgNPs were evaluated towards different resistant bacterial strains. The results demonstrated an enhanced antibacterial activity of the NO-releasing AgNP. For instance, the minimal inhibitory concentration values for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) incubated with AgNPs-catechin, AgNPs-catechin-MSA, and AgNPs-catechin-S-nitroso-MSA were found to be 62, 125 and 3 µg/mL, respectively. While in the case of Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 700603) the minimum bactericidal concentration values for treatments with AgNPs-catechin, AgNPs-catechin-MSA, and AgNPs-catechin-S-nitroso-MSA were found to be 1000, 500, and 125 µg/mL, respectively. The antibacterial actions of the NO-releasing nanoparticle were superior in comparison with the antibacterial effects of AgNPs, in most of the tested antibiotic resistant bacteria strains. These results highlight the promising uses of NO-releasing AgNPs against resistant bacteria in several biomedical applications.


As a school of nursing librarian, I received increasing numbers of inquiries about historical records from researchers in this country and abroad. Nursing schools and leaders were being honored with exhibits and films, biographies of American nurses appeared in the literature in greater numbers, and occasions, such as National Nurses'Day, were observed with historical displays. This lively interest in the history of nursing stimulated my curiosity about our own past and about the many apparently unrecorded documents and memorabilia that I kept finding in my attempts to answer some of these questions.


Fiqh, or in another term were called as Islamic jurisprudence, are the conceptions which are required by the Muslims to organize their interests in all aspects of life, provide the basics of the system of worship, administration, commerce, politics, social, and civilization. This article aims to trace and elaborate on the term "Civilization Fiqh.," or known as "Fiqh Peradaban". It was initiated by Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) towards its one-century birth. By exploring and unraveling the genealogy of substantive thinking on the countenance of NU Fiqh as the epistemological basis for the ideas of "Civilization Fiqh". The library method is used in writing this article. This article uses a descriptive-analytic approach; it tries to explain in an analytical-consistent manner through rigorous reading to unravel the transmission of the NU Fiqh reasoning constructions to obtain a fresh and modern formulation of "Civilization Fiqh." The results of the discussion of this article include 1) It needs reading and interpretation of the reasoning of the Pesantren tradition to redefine the Islamic scientific tradition, which is seen as less adaptive to the changing realities of the new world order but has not lost its identity by the currents of modernity; 2) NU needs to expand the discussion of "Civilization Fiqh" not only on political issues and the nation-state. This genealogically was carried about simultaneously by NU activists, academics, ulama, even PBNU itself (2000-2019). Issues related to human rights (labor fiqh), injustice, gender (women fiqh), extraordinary crime (anti-corruption fiqh), and environmental destruction (energy fiqh, waste management fiqh). So it is no exaggeration if "Civilization Fiqh" in the future can discuss the reality of 21st-century society: free economy, internet technology society of think, building the smallest nation element: family with counter-discourse which capture the trending issue of childfree, demography fiqh, etc.