Objective To discuss the efficacy and safety of intravitreal injection of ranibizumab combined with laser photocoagulation in the treatment of diabetic macular edema(DME),and to explain the advantages of this combination treatment method in treating DME.Methods 71patients(85eyes)with macular edema due to diabetic retinopathy(DR)were randomly divided into combination treatment group(42eyes received intravitreal injections of ranibizumab combined with laser photocoagulation treatment)and photocoagulation group(43eyes received laser photocoagulation treatment only).The changes of the best corrected visual acuity(BCVA),the fovea centralis thickness(CMT),and the intraocular pressure before and after treatment were observed and analyzed.Results The BCVA of the patients in combination treatment group was improved after treatment than before(P0.05),but there was no difference of BCVA in photocoagulation group before and after treatment(P0.05).The BCVA improvement in combination treatment group was statistically more significant(P 0.05)compared with photocoagulation group in 1month,3months and 6months after laser photocoagulation treatment.Compared with before treatment,the CMT of the patients in two groups in 1 month,3 months,6 months after laser photocoagulation treatment were reduced.At each stage,the CMT of the patients in combination treatment group were lower than those in photocoagulation group(P0.05).No complications of glaucoma,cataract,vitreous hemorrhage,retinal detachment,choroidal detachment,endophthalmitis and no systemic complications were observed in all patients.Conclusion For the patients with DME,the combination treatment with intravitreal injection of ranibizumab and laser photocoagulation has a more quickly and better therapeutic effect than the sole laser photocoagulation treatment in reducing the macular edema and improving the BCVA,also has less complication.


Continuing Professional Development is a program from the government so that teachers can develop their performance. Continuing Professional Development includes: self-development, scientific publications, and innovative work. This study aims to determine the effect of Sustainable Professional Development (self-development, scientific publications, and innovative work) on the performance of vocational business and management teachers in Surakarta. This study uses a quantitative method with Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) analysis. The study sample was 158 business and management vocational teachers in Surakarta, Indonesia. The results of the study show that 1) self-development has a positive and significant influence on teacher performance of 0.333 and the statistical value of T is 5.028≥1.96; 2) scientific publications have a positive and significant effect on teacher performance of 0.225 and T statistical values of 1.763≤1.96; and 3) innovative works have a positive and significant effect on teacher performance of 0.282 and the value of T statistics is 1.810 .91.96. Therefore, vocational business and management teachers need to improve professional development through scientific publications and innovative work.


In complex outdoor scenes, most applicable neural networks can only detect and identify smoke, but cannot accurately locate the source of its pollution. In response to this problem, this paper proposes a smoke pollution source location method based on LMBP neural network to improve the prediction and location results of outdoor smoke pollution sources. This paper first analyzes the related knowledge of artificial neural network (ANN) and Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (LM algorithm). Then it studies the ANN-BP model based on gradient descent method and the ANN-LMBP model based on the LM algorithm. Finally, experimental simulations verify the feasibility of the ANN-LMBP model in the problem of smoke pollution source location and its strong generalization ability. The error between the latitude and longitude of the ANN-LMBP model proposed in this paper and the actual latitude and longitude in the actual scene are both within 200 meters, which is of great significance for studying the location of smoke pollution sources in complex scenes.


It is now agreed that food plays a major role in the maintenance of good health. The awareness of consumers about diet-related health problems has increased. Hence, nowadays, preference is given to the natural food ingredients, which are expected to be safe and health promoting. Recently, many studies on health benefits associated with curcumin have been reported. In the present study, an attempt had been made to isolate curcumin from a mixture of curcuminoids by means of column chromatography technique. Further, the antioxidant activity of curcumin was studied in refined sunflower oil (RSFO). The activity was compared with that of mixture of curcuminoids in RSFO. The results showed that the other curcuminoids, i.e., demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin had a profound effect on the activity of curcumin.

Practical Applications

Natural extracts have potential to stabilize unsaturated essential fatty acids effectively. It is well known that the presence of an active constituent in these natural extracts provides the property of antioxidant to the extract. The results revealed that the minor constituents had a profound effect on the activity of active constituent. The synergistic activity of all the constituents in an extract determines the resultant antioxidant activity of the extract.


To explore the defense mechanisms involved in disease resistance of grafted watermelon to Fusarium oxysporum,we compared the histological responses using microscope and expression of defence genes of grafted and self-rooted watermelon infected by F.oxysporum.The results showed that:(1)F.oxysporumcaused a quick defense response by formatting gums and tylosis in infected xylem vessels,and the thickening of xylem parenchyma cell wall in roots of grafted plants.These histological changes appeared later in roots of self-rooted plants.Serious infection resulted in wall disintegration of xylem parenchyma cell,the diseased vascular finally became hollow and plants developed wilt symptoms,which did not observed in grafted watermelon.(2)Highly induced expression of defence genes were observed in grafted plants than that in self-rooted plants,among which,the transcription of CHI,APXand PPOgenes in grafted watermelon accumulated along the F.oxysporuminoculation,while transcription of PALsignificantly increased and then sharply declined,but still with high expression level than base level.Different from the expression manner in grafted watermelon,only the transcription of PPOgene was up-regulated after F.oxysporuminoculation,in self-rooted watermelon,whereas expression of CHI,APXand PALgenes increased first and then sharply declined,which is consistent with PALgene expression pattern in grafted watermelon.These results indicating that the resistance mechanism of grafted plants to F.oxysporuminfection is because of the quick response in histological level and the high expression of defence genes in transcription level,which finally protect the grafted plant from infection by F.oxysporum;and that the significantly responses of defence genes in the interaction between grafted plants and F.oxysporum might be one of the important molecular mechanisms involving the resistance of grafting plants.


Previous research only focuses on the difficulties and factors causing learning difficulties without any solution. This study aimed to identify learning difficulties, factors, and alternative solutions overcoming the problems of learning difficulties about viruses and bacteria. Data collection was carried out through the provision of a concept mastery test involving 195 students (8 schools) and in-depth interviews conducted by involving 37 students (4 schools) who received the lowest test scores. Data analysis was performed using a percentage formula to determine the proportion of difficulties for each competency. The results showed that students had difficulty with the highest percentage of virus material, those were the competence of analyzing the role of viruses in life (85.64%) and virus replication process (83.21%). The competence in bacterial material which has the highest percentage of difficulty (77.26%) in identify bacterial classification. The factors causing students to have difficulty learning virus and bacteria consisted of the nature of the topic (77.03%), attitudes and learning habits (60.81%), teacher's teaching skills (37.84%), and school facilities (27.03%). Alternative solutions are: teachers reduce the content that is complex and detailed, carry out an interactive learning process (audiovisual/animation), providing more learning experiences through practical activities, and teaching through interesting ways.


The initial sketch for rudder horn steel castings in super-large oil tanker has been designed based on the technological experiences,which was conducted 3D moulding by the Solidwork software to get the STL document for Huazhu CAE. The temperature field in the steel castings during solidification process was simulated by the Huazhu CAE system to predict the potential shrinkage porosity (hole) defects. Based on above simulated results,the casting sketch was optimized. The results show that sequential solidification can be realized by rationally setting riser,chill iron and gating system,and the qualified rudder horn casting steel castings has been produced successfully.


Rice is an important food crop that provides abundant biomass residues for biofuels. The use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer to increase rice biomass and yield in China has become increasingly common; however, the overuse of N fertilizer can create several environmental hazards and contribute to climate change. Biochar is well known for its ability to reduce N fertilizer amendment requirements without compromising rice yield and biomass. No studies to date have examined the effect of biochar on rice straw cellulose, pentose, and total sugar content under pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. We conducted a two‐season – early (spring) and late (autumn) – field experiment that involved the application of four levels of biochar (0, 10, 20, and 30 t ha−1) and two levels of N (low: 135 kg ha−1; high: 180 kg ha−1) to evaluate rice biomass digestibility, yield, and soil quality during 2019. Compared with sole N fertilizer (i.e., both treatments with 0 t biochar ha−1), biochar application at the rate of 30 t ha−1 combined with 135 kg N ha−1 significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced soil physiochemical properties, including increases in the activity of urease, catalase, and β‐glucosidase by 69%, 25%, and 54%, respectively during both seasons (spring and autumn). Similarly soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen were increased in 30 t B ha−1 along with both N rates as compared to sole N treatments. Furthermore, hexoses, pentoses, and total sugars released with NaOH pretreatment were increased by 22%, 10%, and 12.93%, respectively, with 30 t biochar ha −1 plus 135 kg N ha−1 compared with the sole N treatments in both seasons. Moreover, under enzymatic hydrolysis, the hexoses, pentoses, and total sugars released were increased by 36%, 43%, and 39%, respectively, during both seasons. Grain yield, dry matter accumulation, and N production were 28%, 24%, and 19% higher, respectively, with 20 t biochar ha−1 combined with both 135 and 180 kg N ha−1 as compared with sole N applied treatments. There were no significant differences in the yield and biomass digestibility for biochar applied at rates of 20 and 30 t ha−1 along with N rates. Thus, biochar application at 30 t ha−1 with 135 kg N ha−1 was optimal for enhancing the soil fertility, biomass digestibility, and grain yield of rice. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd


We report here a comprehensive study on structural, magnetic, caloric and electronic properties of the monoclinic phase of double perovskite compound Tm2CoMnO6 (TCMO) in its polycrysttaline format. Magnetic measurements confirm the presence of thermal hysteresis in magnetization indicates towards a first order magnetic transition at its critical point (Tc). Our study finds the metamagnetic jump in isothermal M(H) at 2 K that signifies the rare earth spin allignement in loop cycling above a certain critical field. This jump is only present at very low T that dies out as the T raises. M(H) measurements at different temperature stipulate that Co2+ and Mn4+ do not order completely inspite of strong ferromagnetic correlation that is against the previous study on TCMO. The concurrence of structral, magnetic and dielectric anomaly at Tc suggest its possible magnetostructural copuling. We found a high dielectric constant (2700) in TCMO and the Maxwell-Wagner electrial loss spectrum analysis hints towards a long range hopping mechanism. Sizeable magnetocaloric effect in terms of entropy change across the transition temperatures has been obtained from heat capacity data that clearly corroborates its intrinsic behaviour.


INTRODUCTION Various options have been suggested for reconstruction of partial thickness eyelid defects including skin grafts and local flaps. In this study we are revisiting the temporal forehead flap for reconstruction of large anterior lamella defects of upper and lower eyelids. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Anterior lamella defects involving more than 50 % of upper or lower eyelids were reconstructed with temporal forehead flap in 10 patients between January 2016 to December 2017 and results observed. RESULTS: All flaps survived well. Two patients required secondary thinning of the flap. One patient had eyebrow elevation which settled down after six weeks with massaging. No ptosis and no ectropion were observed. CONCLUSION: The temporal forehead flap is an excellent choice for reconstruction of large anterior lamella defects of the eyelid.


The related dynamic change in meteorological and hydrological parameters is critical for available water resources, development management options, and making informed decisions. In this study, to enhance the resolution of the predicted meteorological and hydrological parameters under climate change, the statistical downscaling method (SDSM), the generalized regression neural network (GRNN) model, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, and the improved Tennant method were integrated into a framework. The available water resources were assessed in the Huangshui watershed of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, which has the highest average elevation in the world. The meteorological parameters were obtained by the SDSM model and the GRNN model. The SWAT model used the meteorological parameters to simulate the hydrological data under climate change scenarios. Considering the meteorological conditions and the high sediment content in the basin, the available water resources are evaluated by the improved Tennant method. The meteorological data of the Xining station from 1958 to 2011 were used to analyze the dynamic changes and mutation trends in the data. The results indicated that the precipitation would have a great increase during the wet season from May to September, and the flows and available water resources would decrease with increasing carbon emissions under different representative concentration pathways (RCPs).


Objective: This study was to observe the effects of variations of dietary vitamin E(VE) on hematological iron status and non-heme iron content in rat.Methods: Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three groups according to levels of dietary vitamin E,including low VE diet(LVE),normal VE diet(NVE),and high VE diet(HVE).The hematological indices of iron status and the non-heme iron of brain were determined at the end of the three months. Results: As compared with the NVE,LVE had its significantly higher hemoglobin(Hb) concentration and total iron binding capacity(TIBC) without significant changes in plasma iron concentration(PI);HVE had a significantly lower TIBC with a significant increase in PI and transferrin iron saturation.On the other hand,as compared with the NVE,both LVE and HVE had their significantly lower NHI in the hypothalamus and their significantly higher NHI in the medulla oblongata,and no significant changes were found in the other brain regions. Conclusion: Variations of dietary vitamin E may influence the hematological iron status and brain iron metabolism.


A new development for the accurate measurement of the inertia parameters for heavy truck engine is presented. It is specifically intended for measuring the inertia properties of vehicle bodies, and it has the potential to be applied to the measurement of the properties of vehicle bodies, such as the vehicle powertrain, engine, and gearbox. This paper, based on CATARC MIMS test rig, develops an accurate measuring method to identify inertia parameters of heavy truck engine. Firstly corresponding tests are carried out and the lever principle and moments of inertia parallel theorem are employed to calculate and analyze the test results, which leads to the accurate value of inertia parameters. Secondly the accuracy of proposed method is verified through the calibration system. As a result the method shows high accuracy, which provides an experimental basis for accurate inertia parameters measurement of heavy truck engine.


The planar optical waveguiding method which is used extensively for the measurement of the refractive index of isotropic thin films has also been applied to the determination of the three principal refractive indices n1, n2, n3 of anisotropic films.1 As shown in Fig. 1, a prism is used to couple a laser beam into a mode of the film. Scatter in the film provides a mechanism for excitation of neighbouring modes, and the net result is an m-line display as illustrated in Fig. 1(left). The characteristic (Snell's law) value β = n sin θ is measured for several modes and the principal indices can be determined by matching calculated and experimental modal patterns.


Invasion of solar wind particles inside earth's magnetosphere induces the distortion of geomagnetic setting of earth. This geomagnetic disturbances be a consequence of energy discharge of solar pla...


Contributors vii Preface xv Foreword by Anthony R.E. Sinclair and George B. Schaller xix 1. Introduction: A Review of Rangeland Conservation Issues in an Uncertain Future 1 Monica L. Wrobel and Kent H. Redford Part I Thematic Reviews 13 2. Riding the Rangelands Piggyback: A Resilience Approach to Conservation Management 15 Brian Walker 3. Addressing the Mismatches between Livestock Production and Wildlife Conservation across Spatio-temporal Scales and Institutional Levels 30 Johan T. du Toit 4. Rangeland Conservation and Shrub Encroachment: New Perspectives on an Old Problem 53 Steven R. Archer 5. Health and Disease in Wild Rangelands 98 Richard Kock, Mike Kock, Sarah Cleaveland and Gavin Thomson 6. Contemporary Views of Human Carnivore Conflicts on Wild Rangelands 129 Alexandra Zimmermann, Nick Baker, Chloe Inskip, John D.C. Linnell, Silvio Marchini, John Odden, Gregory Rasmussen and Adrian Treves 7. Financial Incentives for Rangeland Conservation: Addressing the Show-Us-the-Money Challenge 152 Ray Victurine and Charles Curtin Part II Case Studies 189 8. Biodiversity Conservation in Australian Tropical Rangelands 191 Stephen T. Garnett, John C.Z. Woinarski, Gabriel M. Crowley and Alex S. Kutt 9. Livestock Grazing and Wildlife Conservation in the American West: Historical, Policy and Conservation Biology Perspectives 235 Thomas L. Fleischner 10. GuanacoManagement inPatagonianRangelands:AConservation Opportunity on the Brink of Collapse 266 Ricardo Baldi, Andres Novaro, Martin Funes, SusanWalker, Pablo Ferrando, Mauricio Failla and Pablo Carmanchahi 11. Multiple Use of Trans-Himalayan Rangelands: Reconciling Human Livelihoods withWildlife Conservation 291 CharuduttMishra, Sumanta Bagchi, Tsewang Namgail and Yash Veer Bhatnagar 12. Herders and Hunters in a Transitional Economy: TheChallenge of Wildlife and Rangeland Management in Post-socialist Mongolia 312 Katie M. Scharf, Maria E. Fernandez-Gimenez, Batjav Batbuyan and Sumiya Enkhbold 13. Social and Economic Challenges for Conservation in East African Rangelands: Land use, Livelihoods and Wildlife Change in Maasailand 340 Katherine Homewood and D. Michael Thompson 14. The Future for Wildlife on Kenya s Rangelands: An Economic Perspective 367 Michael Norton-Griffiths and Mohammed Y. Said 15. Synthesis: Local and Global Solutions to the Challenge of Keeping Rangelands Wild 393 James C. Deutsch Index 403


Students try to communicate scientifically through information written in their final project in the form of a Thesis. In the distribution of research topics in the Communication Studies program at Dian Nuswantoro University, most discussed digital content and marketing communication. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to analyze the development of digital content research and marketing communications. The method used is a descriptive quantitative method with a bibliometric approach from 21 thesis of Communication Studies Program students from August 2017 to March 2019. The results showed that the study of Communication Studies Program Students at Dian Nuswantoro University was the most adalagh of analyzing digital content and marketing communications. This is in accordance with specialization in the study program. Digital content both online media, social media and Youtube are discussed in terms of strategy and media platform content. Meanwhile, marketing communication research discusses the strategy side and impact of marketing communication.


We have seen an increase in interest in end loaded slot antennas for the purpose of reducing size of the slot antenna without changing the resonant frequency. Such antennas allow lower back radiation in slot coupled patch applications. They also are suitable for large scanning angle phased arrays in which the inter-element spacing must be smaller than is permissible with conventional slots. Loading sections can also be used to tune slot antennas as shown, or to modify the resonant frequency without changing the length. Due to symmetry, these antennas have no cross-polarization in the E-plane or H-plane. Hence, they have been considered for dual-polarized operation. However, it is important to recognize that there will be some cross-polarization in the D-plane (/spl phi/=45/spl deg/) of slot antennas due to the end loading sections. This paper analyzes the cross-polarization and impedance of the so-called "H" antenna for various end load slot lengths and introduces the "I-HI" antenna. Theoretical and experimental data are also shown.


Background: Early-onset (EOAD) and late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) are known to have heterogeneous pathogenesis. The detection of the extracellular amyloid plaques and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles, important component of AD brain, is available owing to development of tracers for positron emission tomography (PET). The white matter (WM) connectivity can be acquired by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and is recently commonly used for classification of AD. Methods:In this study, we recruited 33 young controls (YC), 32 old controls (OC), 50 EOAD patients, and 38


Detergent characterized in that it contains alpha -amylase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and an alkaline percarbonate, in addition to other usual ingredients compatible with said constituents.


The Pomurje region is the most agricultural and the least developed region in Slovenia. Since 1991, the year when Slovenia gained its independence, the country transformed from the socialist system to the free market capitalism and was forced to restructure the agricultural policy. The decrease and the aging of the population, the abandon of the agriculture production and the decay of cultural landscape turned out to be serious problems. In Pomurje, agriculture was faced with unfavourable age structure of farmers in family farms. The Slovene agricultural policy was aware of this problem and took a number of measures to encourage the aging farmers to retire and the young generation to take over. Alongside this process began the process of merging land in the Pomurje rural areas. In the last 10 years, the agriculture in Pomurje underwent the improvement of agricultural technology, the specialization of productions and the enlargement of farms.


In my office, headache higher math begins with the patient who suffers four headaches a week lasting three days apiece. Even after being out of math for some years, I still recall my lower times tables and recognize these kinds of inconsistencies. In the literature, it has become fashionable to employ much higher numbers (greater than my number of fingers and toes) in the pursuit of truth. In the NFO study, Migraine in America, they sent out 30,000 questionnaires and interviewed 1184 patients. Dr. James Adelman interviewed 1307 patients in his research. Lipton reviewed 25 large studies in his paper including thousands of headache sufferers. The total number of migraineurs appears to fluctuate with the tides. There were 21 million in the Migraine in America study, 24 million in Stewart and Lipton's study, 20-25 million in Zeneca data, and 40 million in Taking control of Your Headaches. By any calculation, the population of some European nations. In all of this work, we begin to develop a global sense of the problemthe social significance and economic burden. That is naturally of great interest to the pharmaceutical industry and to those of us who lecture excessively and need to incorporate some preliminary remarks to knock everybody off their seats. Numbers like millions and billions are always best. Personal statistics, taking the problem down to the individual, are really more interesting than millions and billions however. Stang and Osterhaus would say one in ten of us have migraine and that the average migraineur loses 2.2 days a month totally or suffers with some significant headache and loss of productivity 5.8 days a month (5). Thus, at any moment, the probability that any person in America photographed by a Russian satellite would be suffering some kind of migraine would be .10 x .16= .016. If they could see the 'beds' of America, the probability might be about .008 we would find a migraineur there in agony.( I thank Mrs. Showalter, my 6th grade teacher for the ability to do this calculation-14) If the satellite could focus in ONLY on midlife women, the probability would be much higher.(7) Every headache specialist has their favorite statistics, designed to impress their audience. Now that we've statistically identified the sufferer, we begin to characterize the poor soul. The under-diagnosis and under-treatment of severe headache patients is well recognized. No one disputes the female predominance of three to one in America, another male plot according to one of my feminist colleagues. In the Migraine in America study, just over half had been diagnosed with the migraine label by their doctor. Only one in five was currently seeing their doctor about headache, but 2/3 had seen a doctor for headache sometime in the past. What's between the lines of those numbers? The patients described above apparently were seen by their doctors and often not diagnosed as migraine by their doctors. On the surface they were misdiagnosed and, therefore, not treated appropriately. In the real world, that means a midlife woman went to a primary care doctor (PCP's see 90% of the headache patients) and had a 10-15 minute visit. She may or may not have emphasized the significance of the problem or she may have tried to slip it in during a revisit for bronchitis, sinus infection or refill of BC pills. Or the migraine complaint could have been what we call a Zinger in our office, the mention of an EXTREMELY important topic as the patient in the hallway is departing. Later on, as the patient is describing her treatment, it all may not come out this way. The implication to me is NOT that the PCP was necessarily The Romance Of Headache Statistics 2 of 4 uninformed or insensitive. The fortunate 2% of headache people who see a headache specialist get a whole hour and aren't allowed to talk about bronchitis. In the headache specialist's office, a headache is not an add-on or a zinger. It's the whole show. How are our migraineurs being treated? In the Migraine in America study, it is also noted that only one third of migraineurs are given prescription medications with 29% of these prescriptions being triptans. In the 1999 Health Conditions Survey, that latter number was 18% including Imitrex shots (13). To me, what is given out by the doctor depends on numerous variables including how loud the patient complained and exactly what they said. It is not infrequent for a patient to be given a prescription for the year which they will continue to use even if that medication is NOT particularly effective. The patient has to follow-up and say it all over again to get something else. In the real world of patient care, the wheels may turn very slowly. Adelman's study demonstrated that patient satisfaction with the doctor continued to improve with the number of visits. To me, that implies that with more visits, the doctor has had more chances to find the best treatment and spends more time with the patient. I've often asked patients WHY they continued to use a treatment that wasn't particularly effective. Sometimes they will say 'it takes the edge off' the pain or that it might work sometimes and not at other times. James Adelman's recent study in Headache quarterly was particularly enlightening because it dissected into that population of undiagnosed and under-treated migraineurs further, getting beyond the cold statistics to the individual. In his study of 801 patients identified and interviewed out of a general database, he reached some interesting conclusions. He described patients as consulters (now seeing a doctor for the headache), lapsed patients ( people who Had seen a doctor but in the past one year have not done so) and nonconsulters, people who had never seen a doctor for their headache. Their numbers were surprising: 45% were consulters; 32% were lapsed consulters; 23% were nonconsulters. The implication of this being that only 23% had NEVER seen a doctor for their headache. The 'lapsed' group is a particularly interesting one: people who have quit seeing or given up on their 'headache' doctor for whatever reason. In the Glaxo data ( 1999) it was noted that it takes an average of 3.5 years to find an effective treatment and the average sufferer has tried nearly 5 medications before finding an effective option. Most have gone to multiple doctors without success and only 50 % are satisfied with their current doctor. I must conclude these patients, trying ineffective drugs and trying different doctors, are part of that lapsed group. They are being counted in the middle of their pursuit of a better life. They are a cross section of misery. Adelman noted further that the lapsed group had only half the headaches of the current consulters, so that one of the reasons they finally said goodbye to their doctor and lapsed was that they 'weren't all that bad'. The ones who remained in the current treatment group were just too miserable to move on or give up. With regard to the patient's impression of their diagnosis, in the current consulter group, 79% had identified their headache as migraine; in the lapsed consulters 80% identified their headache as migraine and in the nonconsulters, 60% still called themselves migraine. In total, in Adelman's group of 801, 75% called themselves migraine. Where did the non-consulters get their diagnosis? Off the internet? From relatives? From Books? There's no way to know, but it is of interest that thinking of themselves in that light might lead them to pick up the phone and consult a headache specialist next week after that horrible menstrual headache. Those who imagine themselves as sinus headache patients would not do so. Eventually, the statistics run out until the next set of 30,000 questionnaires are sent out bulk rate. Now we have to reach our own conclusions about our own populations. Given all these latter facts, one might consider some other migraine subgroups based on their current status out there in the REAL World. Some of the variables (among many) which would identify these groups would be: Currently diagnosed as migraine. Yes or no. 1. Currently being treated and followed for migraine. 2. Yes or no or lapsed. Currently self diagnosed as migraine? Yes or No. ( 3. if the patient doesn't buy the doctor's diagnosis, it makes no difference what she or he is called.) Currently receiving any kind of effective treatment 4. whether for the correct diagnosis or not. Yes or No ( Some treatments work for more than one kind of headache. An occasional Percocet might help just about any kind of pain) Currently in a circumstance or having an attitude 5. The Romance Of Headache Statistics 3 of 4 which will allow any kind of treatment. Yes or no. Seriously impacted by other health issues which 6. might influence or prevent treatment efforts. Yes or No. The permutations of these variables are many. Create a few theoretical patients. A 32 year woman with a lifetime history of headaches she's always called sinus headaches. A single neurologist who she didn't particularly like called her a migraine person, which she didn't buy. She continued to see her PCP who gave her Vioxx and Vicodin which helped her 'sinus headaches, some of the time. The ENT doctor is trying to talk her into antral windows A 23 year old woman has had the diagnosis of migraine for her PCP for 5 years. Her naturopath feels she has food allergies and has her on an extensive food elimination diet. She is opposed to taking medications of any type except herbs. She is now having 6 headaches a month lasting 1-2 days apiece. The Naturopath has referred her to a biofeedback therapist who works in her office one day a week. A 41 year old female has a ten year history of headaches in conjunction with diabetes and coronary artery disease. One of her doctors called her a migraineur and the other one says it's her blood pressure. She's on 8 medications including vicodin which she uses for headache on a daily basis. Many variables effect the fact of headache


When dealing with flush ostial chronic total occlusion (CTO) and no viable retrograde option, the only way to perform recanalization is through an antegrade approach. Such a procedure can be extremely difficult considering the ambiguity of the proximal cap. We demonstrate how we solved ambiguity of the proximal cap of an ostial obtuse marginal CTO with the help of cardiac multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). We also discuss several techniques including bilateral radial approach with home‐made sheathless large‐bore catheters, IVUS‐guided cap puncture, ping‐pong guide catheters engagement in the left main, and bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) for an ostial left circumflex disease that we all used in our CTO case. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


abstract Dance historians frequently cite the spectacular display of creaturely flight in the 1832 production of La Sylphide as one of the hallmarks of ballet Romanticism. Drawing evidence from archival sources, I argue that the ballet's staged flight of monsters—sylphs and witches—vivified a preoccupation with feminine transgression during the period known as the July Monarchy. Interpreting the witch/sylphide dyad as a response to gendered French Revolutionary discourses in politics, philosophy, literature, and medicine circulating between 1794 and 1835, I show how alterity in La Sylphide targeted the mobility of women in the public sphere as contentious and undesirable.


Open innovation has become a fruitful approach to increasing the potential of innovation in organisations. Similar to traditional innovation, an open innovation approach can be characterised in three phases; namely idea generation, idea assessment and idea implementation/diffusion. While the academic community has begun to provide initial guidance for improving the various stages of the open innovation process, still little is known about how organisations currently assess ideas once they are collected. The potentially vast quantity of ideas collected through an open innovation approach has limited benefits to an organisation that is not able to categorise and assess ideas. Accordingly, in this study we carry out an exploratory survey among 331 managers to obtain a better understanding of idea assessment in practice. Our findings show, among others, that organisations investing in information systems for idea management have a higher satisfaction with the effectiveness of idea assessment, which is, in turn, associated with higher satisfaction with the innovation process overall.


Embedded lead users (ELUs) are company employees who are also users of the company products, most often holding this role due to their active participation in the user domain in their spare time. ELUs are able to integrate knowledge of customer needs in the innovation process based on their social contacts, user experiences, and knowledge of the innovating network or organization, for example. Due to this ability, ELUs can facilitate innovation processes. The aim of this systematic literature review is to examine how ELUs can contribute to different stages of the company innovation proces s. The literature used in the review consisted of peer reviewed academic journals and conference proceedings after the year 2000. Broader literature of external lead user collaboration was not included, as the focus was on narrower discussion of embedded lead users. Three research questions are answered to form a conceptual synthesis of ELU literature 1) What kind of resources can ELUs offer for the innovation process? 2) How and based on which resources do ELUs contribute to the different stages of the innovation process (opportunity identification and idea formation, design and development, and testing and launching)? 3) What kinds of roles do ELUs have and how does their dual role in the user domain and the company influence the innovation process? Findings of the study bring new managerial perspectives on how companies can utilize ELUs in their innovation practices. In addition, by forming a holistic conceptual framework of current ELU research and the role of ELUs in the innovation process, this paper offers a variety of theoretical contributions and ground for future studies.


It is well known that obesity, a chronic disease, can lead to increased risk of other serious chronic diseases and even death. Knowledge of daily changes in lean muscle mass and body fat can be helpful in developing personalized diet and exercise routines to correct this problem. In this paper, it is assumed that measurements of individual body composition components are available only periodically although the total body weight is tracked on a daily basis. The control input is physical activity whose profile can be constrained to accommodate individual preferences while the energy intake can be arbitrary. We present switching and time delayed feedback based model-free control methods for the dynamic management of body mass and its major components. Additionally, based on human body weight dynamics, estimation of body composition using soft switching-based observer is proposed. Simulation results validate the performance of the proposed controllers and the observer under disturbances in recording energy intake and energy expenditure figures.Copyright © 2014 by ASME


Take the most important index in Chinese stock market as sample,various GARCH models augmented by the addition of measures of volume are constructed and their forecasting performance are compared with the initial corresponding models using SPA test.The empirical results show that,GARCH models augmented by volume are inferior to initial ones in volatility forecasting performance.In company with conclusions on mature capital markets,this conclusion support the viewpoint that volatility models augmented by volume reduce persistence of volatility and forecasting ability of initial models accordingly.


Mobile technology is becoming more central to human life, especially with the current ongoing global pandemic which points out that there will be an increasing need for mobile payment service as it requires little or no contact in making payments. However, mobile payment is not among the most commonly used mobile utilities because of the security and privacy concerns posed by mobile payment. The prime aim of this study is to determine the security and privacy concerns with the highest existence and then address them by identifying a rational and objectively agreed approach on how to resolve the problems discovered. A sensitive Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Pairwise Comparison approach will be used to solve the security and privacy challenges associated with mobile payment services. This study shows that leakage of personal data is the highest risk concern by most users of the mobile payment system (MPS) while loss of "intended purchase" has the lowest risk concern from what we could derive.
Keywords: AHP Model; Mobile Technology; Mobile Payment Services; Pairwise Comparison.


Objective To understand schistosomiasis of mobile population in Shanghai,and provide information for the development of control strategies.Methods Thirty survey points(administration villages) were selected by cluster sampling from 5 districts in Shanghai,and the information about mobile population was collected.In every survey point,100 people,from 105 schistosomiasis endemic counties or 38 re-endemic counties,age from 6 years to 65 years,was involved in this study.Questionnaire survey and serum tested by indirect hemagglutination(IHA)were done for every individual,and fecal examination was done to the person with positive of IHA.Results About 3.82% mobile population came from schistosomiasis endemic counties or 38 re-endemic counties.A total of 2 992 mobile people were surveyed.Sixty-four persons were positive by IHA test(2.14%).Current occupation,type of endemic areas,treatment history,and respective province,were recognized as influence factor of the result of IHA test by binary logistic regression.It was estimated that there were about 4 233 mobile people with IHA positive in Shanghai.Compared to 2004,the number of serological positive cases dropped by 71.88%.Fecal samples of 54 IHA positive cases were collected and examined,but no schistosome egg was found.Conclusions The imported schistosomiasis cases was the major risk factor in the re-endemic of schistosomiasis in Shanghai.The workers from schistosomiasis endemic counties,engaged in agriculture or animal husbandry in Shanghai suburbs,were proposed as the key population for the selective initiative surveillance.


HepatiC steatosis and 'return to HealtH' in HiV Chronic liver disease and hepatic steatosis are increasingly problematic in the HIV-infected population. Hepatic steatosis is mostly associated with metabolic risk factors and the aim of this cross-sectional prospective study was to examine the prevalence and risk factors for severe hepatic steatosis in a large cohort of patients with HIV monoinfection. A total of 364 patients were included: 78% male, 76% Caucasian with a mean age of 46. Metabolic blood tests and HIV disease markers were performed alongside measurement of controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), measuring the degree of ultrasound attenuation by hepatic fat by fibroscan. A total of 287 (79%) were HIV monoinfected and 95% were on antiretrovirals with 83% having undetectable HIV viral loads. Significant hepatic steatosis defined as CAP </238 dB/m was common and observed in 41%. More severe steatosis was observed in patients with longer duration of known HIV infection (9 (0–26) vs 7 (0–29) years, p=0.019) but detectable HIV viral load did not have a statistically significant influence on CAP. In contrast to liver fibrosis development, no significant differences in hepatic steatosis were observed regarding hepatitis B or C positivity and patients with HIV monoinfection. Age, gender, ethnicity and metabolic factors (body mass index (BMI), triglycerides, cholesterol, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C), type 2 diabetes) were significantly associated with hepatic steatosis, but not duration of HIV infection; subsequent multivariate analysis found that only BMI (p<0.001), triglycerides (p=0.008) and HbA1C (0.019) were independently associated with significant hepatic steatosis. In conclusion, this study found high prevalence of hepatic steatosis and postulates that duration of HIV infection leading to development of metabolic factors may play a part in its development, a consequence of patients' 'return to health' once commenced on therapy. 10-year follow-up of bone mass density in HiV-infeCted adolesCents on tenofoVir Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) has been associated with decreased bone mass density (BMD) in adults and use is contentious in children as there is a lack of long-term data in this age group. This longitudinal observational study aimed to address this gap. Paediatric patients were eligible if they had switched from a TDF-sparing to TDF-containing regimen (switching from stavudine to TDF with lamivudine and switching from protease inhibitor to efavirenz) and not on any medications known to affect bone metabolism. Twenty-six (13 female, 13 male) Caucasian HIV-infected children aged 5–17 years were included. They underwent BMD scans annually for 10 years as part of their standard care. A group of 202 healthy HIV-uninfected individuals aged 3–24 years were studied to compare BMD undergoing scans once; these measurements were used to create curves illustrating expected changes in healthy children's BMD during growth. All subjects maintained good control of HIV infection during follow-up. As expected, lumbar spine BMD increased significantly in both male patients (p<0.0002) and female patients (p<0.0001). There was no significant difference between annual increment slopes of male patients with HIV infection and controls (p=0.81) and similarly none for females (p=0.07). This remained non-significant after correcting for BMI. Similarly for total body BMD measurements, no differences were found between increment slopes between HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected groups in either sex. Although these results are reassuring when looking at TDF use and BMD in children and adolescents, this was a small study in patients with very well-controlled HIV and only performed in Caucasians; larger and longer studies will be needed to explore this further.


The task is to improve the technology of specialist's preparation to work in digital companies of the economy industrial sector. The main principles to form competences being studied in the education companies while the specialist's preparation of the Industry 4.0 being conducted. It is clear that the primary disciplines and its scientific content must be determined after the technologies being used in the digital companies. They propose to implement net forms to realize educative programs in close cooperation of educative companies and industrial companies equipped with cyber and physical systems. Oriented on practice approach to organize educative process may provide a high level of specialist preparation quality for the Industry 4.0. There is a scheme how to form a set of profile disciplines and its resource base which are oriented to prepare highly qualified cadres for the Industry 4.0.


and photo-ops. Such contradictions litter development in the Nyae Nyae. Strong's documentary shows the problems of Western-imposed development projects when the links between organisations and beneficiaries are gradually eroded – as one Ju/'hoansi states of her present predicament: 'no cattle, no money, no nothing: only sickness'. The head of the Nyae Nyae Development Foundation is based hundreds of miles from the people she is meant to be serving (in Windhoek), while pressure for international norms and modes of development increasingly overshadows the self-sufficient community involvement of Marshall's engagement with local people. Yet the viewer is also aware of the problems beyond the reach of the development projects. Strong's documentary shows what happens when well-meaning involvement with local communities is mismanaged at a macro-level, with communities seemingly lost in-between. Strong's direction and narration are effective but not without their failings. How exactly Marshall/Ritchie's development project ended up divorced from the subjects that had become so intimately involved is patched over: the documentary opening shows Ritchie in an abandoned former field office with papers and documents strewn everywhere, yet how their project came to be engulfed in bureaucracy and mirror international developmental norms is not addressed. It is not clear how the early progress deteriorated so much. Furthermore, an abrupt conclusion, without the discussion of alternative routes for the community, is disappointing given Strong (and Ritchie's) evidently close connection with the communities under consideration. The closing credits note that the development foundation has provided a grazing management specialist to help with problems of over-grazing in the Tshumke region. Yet 'it appears that no further technical assistance is being given to guide Ju/'hoansi on practical matters of cattle farming'. It seems that the Ju/'hoansi are once more on the precipice: caught between a past they left behind and a future they can't quite attain.


An adaptive remeshing method using both triangular and quadrilateral elements suitable for high speed flows is presented. For inviscid flows the method generates completely unstructured meshes. For viscous flows the boundary layer edge is identified adaptively and a structured mesh is generated in the boundary layer, and an unstructured mesh is generated in the inviscid region. Examples of inviscid and viscous mesh adaptations for high speed flows are presented. A comparison is made between first order and higher order finite element algorithms when used in association with the remeshing method.


Authors be they male or female do not belong to a national context only. The Dutch Anna Roemersdr. Visscher (1583-1651) demonstrates this by choosing to trans late the Emblèmes ou devises chrétiennes published by Georgette de Montenay in 1571. Anna Roemers' address to her contemporary shows an obvious familiarity apparently based on common religion and shared femaleness. Although she did not publish her translations, she thus participated in a large international network surrounding this French Protestant. 1 Such links between women writers, and the influences they mutually exercised, have scarcely been studied for the earlier periods.2 Met en zonder lauwerkrans does not aim to explore these links, but mentions some of them Anna van der Horst translating Marie de Gournay, Katharina Lescailje translating Antoinette Deshoulières3 and invites to further study of these and similar cases. These individuallinks cannot be investigated here either.4 This paper will discuss some preliminaries. Clearly, the study of international contacts between women authors requires knowledge of the positions permitted to women as authors in the countries concerned. In this connection, limiting myself to the Netherlands and France, I want to focus here on a broad comparison of female literary production in the two countries during the 18th century. Comparing French and Dutch writers compels me into a discussion of sources to be used as French parallels to Met en zonder lauwerkrans. This discussion involves due consideration of the different traditions of literary historiography on women in the two countries.


The La Guillerma archaeological locality is located in the northeast sector of Buenos Aires province (Argentina). Two of its sites (LG1 and LG5), dated between ca. 1400- and 600-years BP, have a great amount of faunal remains including deer, rodents, fish and small birds that are subjected to taphonomic agents and processes (e.g., weathering, manganese, roots). Previous studies have shown osteophagic behaviour in different insects (e.g., Coleoptera, Blattodea). In this paper, we evaluate their incidence on La Guillerma faunal assemblage. We performed an analysis on marks that were identified in bone remains of various taxa and applied the criteria for identifying bone alteration by insects (i.e., by measuring each trace and comparing them with the types of insect marks described in the literature). Fifteen specimens (LG1 = 6 and LG5 = 9) exhibited different types of modifications (e.g., pits with striae in base, pits with emanating striae, striations) that are related to the action of insects. Although the proportion of affected bones is low in relation to the total sample, we highlight our study as the first detailed analysis of insect marks on archaeological bones from Argentina. We also emphasize the significance of addressing insect-produced modifications on Argentinean archaeological sites.


Studies on the intramolecular nitrile oxide-allene cycloaddition are reported. The reaction shows a preference for reaction of the more remote π-bond.


This service provides calibrations for ^^Sr + beta particle ophthalmic applicators. The calibration determines the average surface absorbed-dose rate to water over the active area of the applicator. The technique used is to measure current per unit mass of air at the active surface with an extrapolation ionization chamber, and to convert this into absorbed-dose rate with Bragg-Gray cavity ionization theory. The extrapolation chamber measurements are made in three parts. In the first part, a 1 mm diameter probe electrode is used to map the relative dose rate across the source surface, and to determine the active area. In the second part, the probe electrode is replaced by a 30 mm diameter electrode, and the test applicator is replaced by an NBS-owned applicator for quality assurance measurements. In the third part, the 30 mm electrode is used with the test applicator to determine the extrapolation curve slope at the source surface. The ratio of this slope to the source area, divided by the air density, yields current per unit air mass. The transformation to absorbed-dose rate is described. The component uncertainties are listed and are shown to yield a total uncertainty of ± 15%, with the approximate significance of a 95% confidence limit. Data book measurements and a calibration report are given for one particular applicator.


ABSTRACT Debates on gender and the commodification of land highlight the loss of land rights, intensification of demands on women's labour, and decline in their decision-making control. Supported by 'extra-economic forces' of religious nationalism (Hindutva), such neoliberal interventions are producing new gender ideologies involving a subtle shift from relations of reciprocity to those of subordination. Using data from fine-grained fieldwork in Koraput district, Odisha, we analyse the tensions and transformations created jointly by corporate interventions (contract farming of eucalyptus by the paper industry) and religious nationalism in the local landscape. We examine how these phenomena are reshaping relations of asymmetric mutuality between nature and society, and between men and women.


Objective To study the clinical characteristics of eye fundus in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea-hyponea syndrome(OSAHS).Methods Thirty-one patients diagnosed as OSAHS were chosen as experimental group and fifteen age-and sex-matched healthy subjects as control.The visual acuity,fundus appearance as well as the fundus angiographic imaging(FFA) were observed in both groups,and the data was analyzed statistically.Results The differences of the visual acuity,fundus appearance between the two groups were insignificant.Various abnormal FFA findings including microaneurysm and change of retinal pigment epithelium were found in 29 cases of the experimental group and in one of the control group.Conclusion OSAHS can result in the changes of eye fundus and fundus angiography should be performed.


The theoretical and experimental evaluation of the electromagnetic fields in the immediate vicinity of resonant dipole antennas is presented. This type of antenna is widely used with portable and mobile radio transmitters. The work presented herein has been motivated by the concern that future Radio Frequency Protection Guides with respect to human exposure to nonionizing electromagnetic radiation might be expressed strictly in terms of the intensity squared of the electric or magnetic fields. It is shown in the results that it is possible to detect relatively high intensity electromagnetic (EM) fields in close proximity to resonant dipoles even for very low levels of radiated power (1 mW and less). The paper is divided into a theoretical section and an experimental section because its goals are twofold. First, the formulas for the correct evaluation of the EM fields in the close proximity to dipole antennas are established. Second, it is shown that such EM fields, which can be theoretically predicted and experimentally verified with satisfactory accuracy, are indeed strong enough to violate proposed Radio Frequency Protection Guides even for very low levels of radiated power. Thus portable radios are rendered virtually useless, although the same guides permit exposures to much higher levels of power in the far field. Part I of the paper is essentially theoretical and expresses the fields near dipole antennas in terms of cylindrical waves, which lend themselves to closed form integration. The asymptotic expressions of some components of the field are particularly simple for close distances (in terms of wavelength) from the antenna. The correctness of the solution is checked by evaluating how closely boundary conditions are satisfied. Results have shown that previously used formulas for evaluating field intensity very near dipole antennas can give incorrect values.


This paper analyzes the problems in the preparation of competitive documents, test organization, technical status confirmation and other aspects in the implementation of the comparative test of mechanical equipment scientific research projects. It makes an objective analysis of the existing implementation mode, finds out the crux of key problems, and puts forward targeted solutions.


Ebalite is named after the site of ancient Ebla, modern Tell Mardikh, located 60 kilometers south of Aleppo, in northern Syria. In the 1970's about seventeen thousands of cuneiform texts dated to the late 3rd millennium B.C.E. were discovered at the site. But the language reflected in these texts were composed of ideographic Sumerian and syllabic Akkadian, but the characteristics of the language share with features of West-Semitic as well as East-Semitic. In this paper, I will seek to present the linguistic features, and family of the Eblaite, and apply it to Biblical Hebrew. In phonology, Eblaite has a phenomenon of the monophthongization of the original diphthongs ay/aw to ? as opposed to the typical shifts to e/o. In the realm of morphology, Eblaite lacks an N-stem (=the Hebrew Niph?al), the 1csg personal pronoun is ?ana, the 2msg personal pronoun is ?ant?, and the 2mpl personal pronoun is ?antanu, and the passive participle is the qat?lu form. In addition, there are some important lexical features. The linguistic features allow us to see in Eblaite an early form of the Semitic language of Syria. Eblaite helps us to illuminate understanding of the Biblical Hebrew. In Hebrew, the dophthong ay and aw remain in some words like bayit and m?wet in absolute state, but in construct state monophthongization occurs with ay>e, and with aw>o. But there are various places in the Bible where monophthongization process results in ay>? and aw>? just as occurs in Eblaite (e.g. 2 Kgs 5:25K; 1 Sam 10:14; Job 8:2 etc). In morphology, the combination of conjunctive u and enclitic ma to create the form u-ma. The recognition of this feature in Eblaite prompted scholars to locate a series of examples wm- in Hebrew (Gen 41:32; Numb 23:10;2 Sam 16:5; 1 Kgs 14:14 and so on). The Masora no longer recognized this form, and thus the mem following the conjunctive waw was reanalyzed as other elements. In comparisons between Ebalite and Hebrew lexicons, we find several words in Hebrew that have cognates only in Ebla. In sum, Eblaite is the earliest attested Semitic language. It was used in the city-state of Ebla in northern Syria in the 3rd millennium B.C.E. It is part of the Syrian branch of West Semitic, along with Amorite and Aramaic. Remarkably, although almost two thousand years separates Eblaite and the bulk of biblical literature, the language nevertheless sheds considerable light on biblical Hebrew.


Homestuck is a textual and experiential chameleon that manipulates its own structure to shape the audience's affective experience of the story by mimicking not just the storytelling techniques of other media forms, but their modes of engagement as well. This article introduces terminology to illustrate how and why the online serial Homestuck qualifies as a distinctive form of storytelling. I introduce the term transmodal engagement to illustrate how Homestuck uses the affective, experiential affordances of different media forms to sculpt and shape the experience of the text in completely different ways to 'transmedia' storytelling. The second term this article introduces is metamedia storytelling, which describes how the audience's familiarity with storytelling across multiple media forms can be used to manipulate their experience of fiction. Homestuck deploys metamedia storytelling to continually destabilize the reader's understanding of the text and their investments in the storyworld by forcing re-evaluations of not just what is happening, but what kind of mediated relationship the readers have with the content of the story.


The Israeli novelist describes his feelings about censorship, the peace movement, and relations with Palestinians, in an interview with Eric Lee


Three-dimensional (3-D) optical memory promises a very high data capacity and a high speed of readout. Bit-oriented methods based on photosensitive dopant or photopolymer transformation show a low contrast and limited lifetime of recorded data. To avoid these drawbacks, it has been proposed to record information by means of a local optical breakdown in transparent materials. We use spiropyran as a dopant of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) to facilitate a localized damage of the polymer lattice.


Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous group of bone marrow derived immature myeloid cells that are expanded in patients with cancer, infection, trauma, or autoimmune diseases (1). MDSC originate from a common myeloid progenitor cell and develop along two separate lineages, monocytic MDSC (M-MDSC) and granulocytic MDSC (G-MDSC), but never develop the characteristics of mature monocytes, macrophages, or neutrophils (1).


nor farmers can make money working for a vanished market. As we move from emergency to permanent adjustment and correct the shortcomings that developed inevitably in the experimental stage we shall draw more heavily than ever upon research.&dquo; Now Mr. Wallace, if lic means those words, can make good. Section 33 of the AAA amendments to the last bill gave Mr. Wallace 30% of the tariff duties during this year to be spent to solve the problems of farm production. That paragraph is cut as wide as possible, and wide enough to pay for any research which you gentlemen may request which will increase the consumption of the farm products of cotton, wool, etc. So I think it is the duty of our committees to get together and lay out as many projects of researches as you can imagino for the best interests of the industry, and take them down to Mr. Wallace. That sum amounts to $100,000,000 this year, and if he sincerely wants to help the producing agriculturist the way to do it is to give him the research which will enable him, not only to hold his own markets, but to go out into the markets of the


Melasma is a difficult to treat pigmentation disorder. However, some successes have been attained by microneedling. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of microneedling using meso‐depigmentation solution (mesoneedling) in comparison with standard microneedling, over a 4‐month treatment period.


For a long time, the Indian revolt of 1857 was known as the 'Sepoy Mutiny'. This of course was from the perspective of colonial historiography, which later was challenged by nationalist historians of various camps, who considered this event as a marker of the .first war of independence . in India against the British. It is, however, astonishing to note that in both major narratives of the history of 1857, the life and works of Fadl-e Haqq Khairabadi (1797–1861) gains no attention. He was one of the first political prisoners of colonial times, who not only resigned from the post of kutchery chief and is said to have issued a fatwa-e jihad against the British, but also drafted the first constitution of Independent India based on the .principles of democracy.. Besides being a scholar of Islamic studies and theology, he was also a literary personage, especially in Arabic literature. On account of his deep knowledge and erudition he was called .Allama and later was venerated as a great Sufi. Khairabadi was not a marginal character in the history of 1857, yet somehow his presence in history has been undermined, if not totally ignored, by mainstream historians. Though Khairabadi remains alive in Urdu and Persian literature, we hardly find vernacular voices being heard in historical accounts that are important to ascertain the nature of the 1857 revolt. In order to establish this argument, this article relies heavily upon sources such as letters, autobiographical notes, prison literature and vernacular literature as the basis for a reconstruction of history that assists us in understanding whether the revolt was aimed at restoring the old order, or whether traditional historiography follows .traditionalisation. that ultimately corresponds to the politics of colonial restoration. Indeed, it is important to mention here that the case of Khairabadi helps us in understanding mutual perception at the cross-section of European and non-European encounters.


In this document, we describe how a UAS (User Agent Server) involved
in a session modification can explicitly signal the point where the
new session parameters start being used. Explicitly signalling such a
change in the session parameters can be useful so that network
intermediaries such as B2BUAs (Back-to-back User Agents) have a clear
picture of the session's state at every point.


-Etymologically, supervision comes from the word super and vision, which means to see and review from above or view and assess from above, which is carried out by superiors on the activities, creativity and performance of subordinates. In terms of terms, in Carter's Good Dictionary Education, supervision is all the efforts of school officials in leading teachers and other education personnel to improve teaching. These include stimulating, selecting the growth and development of teachers' positions, selecting and revising educational goals, teaching materials and teaching methods, and evaluating teaching.In the book Basic Concepts and Educational Supervision Techniques citing information from the Dictionary of Education Good Carter explains the notion of supervision, namely the efforts of school officials in leading teachers and other officials in improving teaching, including stimulating, selecting growth in positions and development teachers and revise educational goals, teaching materials and teaching methods and evaluations.In contrast to McNerney's explanation quoted by the book Basic Concepts & Educational Supervision Techniques, which sees that supervision as a procedure gives direction and critically evaluates the teaching process.So that supervision can be formulated is none other than an effort to provide service to teachers both individually and in groups in an effort to improve teaching. The key word from the supervisor is ultimately to provide service and assistance.


Background. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can exert detrimental effects on the intestine, mainly through an involvement of enteric bacteria. This study examined the effects of rifaximin on small bowel mucosal integrity and inflammation as well as on gut microbiota in rats with diclofenac-induced enteropathy. Methods. Enteropathy was induced in aged male rats by intragastric (i.g.) diclofenac (4 mg/kg BID, 14 days). Rifaximin was administered (50 mg/kg BID, i.g.) 1 hour before diclofenac. At the end of treatments, fecal calprotectin and blood hemoglobin levels were assayed (ELISA). Ileum was processed for the evaluation of: 1) histological damage; 2) tissue myeloperoxidase (MPO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) levels (ELISA); 3) quantitative analysis of bacterial strains (16S real-time PCR); 4) expression of toll-like receptors-2/-4 (TLR-2/-4), nuclear factor kB subunit p65 (p65), myeloid-differentiation primary response-gene 88 (MyD88), caspase-1 and occludin (Western blot). Moreover, the modulating effect of rifaximin on NLRP3 inflammasome signaling was tested in macrophagic THP-1 human cells.


Purpose of review Exposure of blood to foreign surfaces induces reciprocal conversion of the plasma proteins factor XII (fXII) and plasma prekallikrein (PPK) to the proteases &agr;-fXIIa and &agr;-kallikrein. This process, called contact activation, has a range of effects on host defence mechanisms, including promoting coagulation. The nature of the triggering mechanism for contact activation is debated. One hypothesis predicts that fXII has protease activity, either intrinsically or upon surface-binding, that initiates contact activation. We tested this by assessing the proteolytic activity of a recombinant fXII variant that cannot be converted to &agr;-fXIIa. Recent findings The proteolytic activity of fXII-T (for 'triple' mutant), a variant with alanine substitutions for arginine at activation cleavage sites (Arg334, Arg344, and Arg353) was tested with known &agr;-fXIIa substrates. FXII-T activates PPK in solution, and the reaction is enhanced by polyphosphate, an inducer of contact activation released from platelets. In the presence of polyphosphate, fXII-T converts fXII to &agr;-fXIIa, and also converts the coagulation protein factor XI to its active form. Summary: The findings support the hypothesis that contact activation is initiated through activity intrinsic to single-chain fXII, and indicate that preexisting &agr;-fXIIa is not required for induction of contact activation.


We study the properties of the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}$ isobar in the symmetric and asymmetric nuclear matter using the QCD sum rules approach based on the energy dispersion relation. Allowing for different continuum thresholds for the polarization tensors with different dimensions, we find stable masses for the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}$ in both the vacuum and the medium. Compared to the nucleon case, we find that the vector repulsion is smaller for the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}$ while the scalar attraction is similar (75 MeV vector repulsion and 200 MeV scalar attraction in the symmetric matter). The smaller vector repulsion can be understood using the Pauli principle and a constituent quark model. Also, the isospin dependence of the quasiparticle energy, which mainly comes from the vector self-energy, is quite weak. We also allow for an explicit $\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{-}N$ continuum contribution to the polarization function but find its effect to be minimal. Phenomenological consequences of our results are discussed.


Throughout this book there are numerous cases where geophysics has been used to help solve practical environmental, geotechnical and exploration problems. The typical scenario is first to identify the physical property that is diagnostic of the sought geologic structure or buried object, for example density, seismic velocity, electrical conductivity, or magnetic susceptibility. The appropriate geophysical survey is then designed and field data are acquired and plotted. In some cases the information needed to solve the problem may be obtained directly from these plots, but in most cases more information about the subsurface is required. As an example, consider the magnetic field anomaly map presented in Figure 2. The existence of a buried object, and also approximate horizontal locations, can be inferred directly from that image. The map however, presents no information about the depth of the object or details regarding its shape. To obtain that information the data need to be inverted to generate a 3D subsurface distribution of the magnetic material.


The city of Torino (45°N, 7°E NW Italy) has a long history of heavy industry. Additional sources of potential pollutants originate from transport such as car emissions. We selected an area potentially at high risk of contamination: it is sandwiched between roads, the circular Turin highway and the motorway, which connects to France, and a landfill where special and hazardous solid wastes from industry are disposed of. Our main aim was: i) to discriminate between these sources of heavy metals (HM); and ii) to assess a simplified HM transfer scenario. We started with air diffusion models (inputs were meteo and chemistry of the particulate); then we described topsoils (12 samples km − 2 ) and we sampled, reallocated undisturbed, and cultivated an Ap soil horizon, being the soil ceteris paribus. The topsoils description discriminated Factor I, related to the vehicular load and soil parent material (mainly Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, V, and Zn), and Factor II, HM univocally dispersible from the landfill (Sb and As). The ecosystem response is resilience: soil tends to buffer loadings of most HM. In the case of mercury, lead, and arsenic our findings indicate that their transfer to the food chain may be massive.


Abstract The differing response of ice extent in the Arctic and Antarctic to global average temperature change, over approximately the last three decades, highlights the importance of reconstructing long-term sea-ice history. Here, using high-resolution ice-core records of methane-sulfonate (MS–) from the East Antarctic ice sheet in Princess Elizabeth Land, we reconstruct southern Indian Ocean sea-ice extent (SIE) for the sector 62–92° E for the period AD 1708–2000. Annual MS– concentration positively correlates in this sector with satellite-derived SIE for the period 1979–2000 (r 2 = 0.25, P < 0.02). The 293 year MS– record of proxy SIE shows multi-decadal variations, with large decreases occurring in two warm intervals during the Little Ice Age, and during the 1940s. It is very likely that the global temperature is the controlling factor of Antarctic sea-ice variation at the centennial scale, although there has been a change in phase between them in recent decades.


Based on a corpus of communicative immediacy texts from the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, written by Spaniards of different social background, in this study we carry out a variationist research in order to analyze the envelope of variation which lies behind the alternation between two infinitive modal periphrases in classical Spanish: tener de and tener que + infinitive. The results show how this morphosyntactic variation, far from being a case of free variation, as sometimes has been maintained, is determined by several factors. Among them some of a linguistic nature stand out (aktionsart, person, time, modality sense, sentential modality), although several regularities in the distribution of data also point out towards the potential influence of some stylistic and dialectal constraints. Moreover, the analysis of the diachronic axis allows us to observe the existence of a relevant change in progress, not only in the gradual replacement of tener de by tener que, but also in the explanatory relevance of certain constraints. Thus, some of the linguistic contexts most frequent in the corpus, such as the present tense, the affirmative sentences and the 3 person, progressively abandon their association with the more traditional variant (tener de) in favor of tener que as time goes by. This helps to understand how, at the end of the classical period, tener que has already overtaken its old competitor, in a process which will be completed in the centuries to come, leaving tener de to some restricted dialectal uses in modern Spanish.


Oxidized phosphatidylcholines (OxPCs) have been shown to play a crucial role in pathophysiological response during inflammation. These OxPCs are also generated by cardiomyocytes during myocardial I...


The article describes the basic design and essential properties of developed multispectral detectors based on the pyroelectric material lithium tantalate (LiTaO3). The detector concepts presented here make parallel measurements possible in two to twelve spectral channels in the wavelength range of typically 1 - 25 micrometer. It is shown that these concepts are also useful for other responsive elements (thermopiles, PbS, PbSe). In one case, the detector consists of: (1) an optical unit with a beam splitter and interference filters for the spatial and spectral dispersion of the incident total radiation; and (2) the responsive elements with appropriate low-noise preamplifiers. The detector is a discrete and compact component in a TO 8 transistor casing (0 14 mm X 10 mm) with an aperture of typically 0 2 mm. Essential properties of a four-channel detector for gas analysis (CO; CO2; HC; REF) are described. The influence of the beam splitter geometry on the overlap of the measuring spots in the spectral channels is discussed. In the other case, the paper describes a hybrid arrangement of a six- channel multispectral detector which only uses interference filters for spatial and spectral dispersion of the input radiation. Its dimensions are about (22 X 22 X 33) mm3. It is shown that the radiation efficiency of this arrangement is higher than the first case.


This is one of the articles based on the research carried out in the contextof the European research programme PYTHAGORAS II titled «Greekcommunities and the European world (13th-19th centuries). Aspects of selfadministration,social organization, formation of identities», which was realized in the Department of History and Archaeology at the University ofAthens. In the text are discussed the results of the research made by the collaborators of the programme in the archives of Venice, Vienna, Hungary, Romania and referring to the organization of the Greek communities in thesecities and lands. The gathered material (especially statutes referring to theadministration of the communities, schools etc.), as well as the up to nowknown archival material and literature conducted us to conclusions discussedin this paper. The above article provides an attempt at typology of six groupsof organization, beginning from the case 'confraternity'/community of Venice (15th century onward), to those of the Transylvanian 'companies' (17th century onward) as well as the Habsburg lands communities (18th - beginning19th centuries). The typology is based on the data-base form systematized material, which gives answers concerning the comparison of the various typesand terms of administration, the relations between the Greek and othersettlers and the reception-countries too, the role of the home tradition andthat of the various group-immigrants from the Balkan lands, the developmentin the organization forms during the time, the influence of the emergence ofnationalism. The article completes the publication and the comparative analysis of theunknown, till now, statutes of the Greek 'company'/community in Miskolc/Hungary (1801) found in the Borsod archive of Miskolc.


This study examines the influence of having family members in the U.S. on Mexican family members' psychological distress, taking family and community contexts into consideration. Using multilevel modeling analyses of the first wave of the Mexican Family Life Survey (MxFLS-1), we examined psychological distress of Mexiccan adolescents and married adults regarding the influence of having family members in the U.S. Although having children in the U.S. increased psychological distress for married adults, having spouses in the U.S. did not show significant association with psychological distress. For Mexican adolescents, having parents or siblings in the U.S. did not affect psychological distress significantly. Living in communities with high prevalence of transnational migration was associated with increased psychological distress for married adults and for adolescents. For married adults, multilevel modeling revealed that effects of having spouses and children in the U.S. varied across communities. The same was true for Mexican adolescents who have siblings in the U.S.


The present invention is relates to a relay apparatus having a variable distribution function configured an antenna for transmitting and receiving receiving a variable distribution device and the signal as well as distribution and Sikkim vary the signal by the floor of a building integrally, for this purpose, used in the construction a method for communication relay device, installed in the building is provided by each layer of the master unit and the building for transmitting and receiving a signal of a base station, and receives a signal from the master unit distribution as well as by Sikkim varying the layer, and the distribution signal is characterized by the doeeojim composed of a plurality of slave units to transmit and receive through the antenna radiation element provided integrally on the inner side, whereby it is possible to simplify the installation construction of the products in the building, one body a variable distribution device and an antenna with by configuring unit to a slave, the transmission was connected to a conventional antenna having a line There is no need to connectors and has the advantage of reducing the manufacturing cost of the product. Wireless communication system, building a master unit, a slave unit.


The influence of state filling (carrier population of upper subbands of quantum well laser structures) on the optical gain constant is analyzed in conventional separate confinement quantum well lasers. We find that the appreciable population in the states of the optical confinement layers causes a significant lowering of the differential gain. It is pointed out that strain induced reduction of state‐filling effects is a probable cause of improved performance in the tensile strained quantum well lasers. The strategy of design for very high frequency and very low threshold current quantum well lasers is addressed.


The invention discloses a double-lifting-appliance bridge crane adopting an ultrasonic sensor and a positioning method thereof. The double-lifting-appliance bridge crane comprises a double-lifting-appliance bridge crane body and is characterized in that the double-lifting-appliance bridge crane also comprises two ultrasonic generators, four ultrasonic receivers, an ultrasonic signal processor anda control computer; the two ultrasonic generators are used for generating ultrasonic waves with different frequencies; the ultrasonic receivers are divided into two groups and are respectively used for detecting the oscillating conditions in the front-and-rear direction and in the left-and-right direction; the ultrasonic signal processor is used for the works of generation, identification, filterprocessing and the like of an ultrasonic signal; and the control computer is used for computing oscillating angles and oscillating directions of lifting appliances and carrying out anti-oscillating positioning control on the bridge crane by utilizing the oscillating angles and the oscillating directions of the lifting appliances. In the invention, an ultrasonic detection technology and a Doppler principle are adopted; the oscillating angles of the two lifting appliances can be conveniently obtained by detecting and analyzing the ultrasonic waves generated by the double-lifting-appliance ultrasonic generators so as to realize accurate positioning control on loads of the lifting appliances.


Sign sounds are used in various daily situations. However, they are not made by reflecting user's own preference. This study proposed Interactive Genetic Algorithm (IGA) method creating various sign sounds suited with each user's preference and objective. The proposed method created sign sounds by using all musical notes, while a previous IGA method have created different sign sounds by using musical rules for restriction of use of musical notes. To investigate the efficacy of the proposed method, two listening experiments were performed with a concrete system based on the proposed method. Result of the listening experiments creating bright and warn sign sounds showed significant increases of fitness value.


In previous studies, many evaluation parameters for the center of foot pressure (CFP) in a static standing posture have been proposed, but their reliability and inter-relationships have not been sufficiently examined.The purposes of this study were to examine trial-to-trial reliability and the inter-relationships of various evaluation parameters and to propose useful ones. Thirty healthy young adults were selected as subjects. The measurement of CFP for 1 minute was carried out 10 times with 1 minute rest for each subject. The measurement device was an Anima's stabilometer G5500. The data was recorded every 20 msec. Seventy-six evaluation parameters, excepting composite parameters from 114 parameters proposed in previous studies, were selected from the following domains: distance, center of pres-sure, distribution of amplitude, area, velocity, power spectrum, and vector for body sway. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for 10 trials were 0.7 or over for all parameters excepting for the X-axis and the Y-axis distribution for body sway, and skewness and kurtosis for body sway speed, but a significant difference between the first trial and the other trials was found in many parameters. Therefore, the ICC was recal-culated by excluding the first trial. As a result, no significant difference was found other than that of the distance of the root of the mean square and the area of the root of the mean square. The ICC was 0.7 or over, excepting for the following parameters: the X-axis and the Y-axis distribution for body sway and skewness and kurtosis for body sway speed, the cross correlations for body sway and body sway speed, the C ratio of the power spectrum area on the X-axis, the A ratio of the power spectrum area on the Y-axis and the root of the mean square-axis. Inter-correlation coefficients between parameters in each domain of distance, center of pressure, distribution of amplitude, area, velocity, power spectrum, and vector for body sway were mostly high values of 0.9 or over. Thus, it was considered that there is a close relationship between theoretically similar parameters and any of them could be selected as useful parameters.Based on the above-stated examination, 60 evaluation parameters shown in Table 5 were finally selected.


A. Adams — The Wallet in the Casket : Africa and the White People's Future in the Novels of Nadine Gordimer. The second part (see CEA 94) of a study of the views that the two foremost South African/British women novelists hold about race relations at the personal and group levels in today's and tomorrow's Africa. Nadine Gordimer's novels are hardly less desperate than those of Doris Lessing, yet in most of them there is still a faint glimmer of hope. Instead of fleeing for good to a meaningless exile, her main characters finally choose to come back to Africa on a hopeless bet of survival in a fearful unknown and unknowable future.


SUMMARY The ideal avocado orchard should produce high yields from small trees. In order to achieve this aim, present horticultural practices have to be reconsidered. A short review is given of the potential of new horticultural methods for reaching this objective in avocados.


Copy number variations regions (CNVRs) comprise deletions, duplications and insertions found within the genome that are larger than 1kb in size. Increasing evidence demonstrates that these variations play pivotal roles in a number of adaptive, reproductive and production traits in cattle. A Bos indicus type cattle breed, Brahman cattle are an internationally recognized breed that demonstrate remarkable adaptation for survival. The bovine high density beadchip was used to identify CNVs in 40 influential South African Brahman bulls using PennCNV software. Overlapping CNVs were merged to form CNVRs. CNVRs identified in 3 or more animals were compared to those reported in multiple bovine breeds using the same technology. UCSC Genome browser, the Panther databases and the Animal Genome QTL databases were used to assess CNVRs for gene content, gene ontologies, simple repeat and quantitative trait loci overlap. Fifty one CNVRs ranging between 2.5kb and 506kb in length were identified in 3 or more animals. Twenty nine CNVRs overlapped with previously reported CNVRs. One thousand one hundred and eighty six simple repeats, 14 genes and 633 QTLs were found within CNVRs. Genes covered were involved in a number of biological processes, molecular functions and cellular components including immune system response and response to stimuli. A number of QTLs corresponding to important production and adaptation traits were found within CNVRs. This study presents a map of CNVRs common to the South African Brahman which can be added to the international structural variant databases while providing useful information regarding the prevalence of CNVRs in South African cattle.


The thermal analysis technology is a well-established and standardized method which can be used for analyzing nearly all kinds of solid- and liquid-state compounds. However, there have been few published studies on application of thermal analysis technology in analysis of edible flavors. This paper reviews the applications of thermal analysis technology in analysis of thermal properties and purity and grade identification of edible flavors and synthesis of new flavor products. The thermal analysis technology which can be used to analyze small-amount samples with many advantages of rapid detection, high accuracy, good repeatability and high resolution exhibits extraordinary superiority over other technologies and will play an increasingly important role in the synthesis, analysis and application of flavors and provide a new approach and theoretical basis for the further study of edible flavors.


Just over 40 years ago, a volume titled 500 Years: A History of South Africa appeared. Its main object was to recount 'the activities and experiences of the white man [sic] over a period of nearly five hundred years in South Africa' (Muller 1969:xi). In keeping with this object, the history of the African majority of South Africa was relegated to a 20-page appendix. The two volumes reviewed here between them extend South Africa's history to encompass developments over the past 2,000 years and place black men (and to some extent women) centre stage. Whites – a thin line in this perspective of the past – do not even merit mention in the indices of either volume.


Inelastic neutron scattering spectroscopy spans an enormous energy range, which is equivalent to a wide range of timescales. It is convenient to divide the whole energy range into three sectors, while recognising that there is significant overlap between them. In the lowest energy range, ± 10 meV the applications are principally quasielastic scattering and tunneling spectroscopy. The second range, 0–1000 meV covers the regions of vibrational spectroscopy and magnetic excitations. The highest range above 1000 meV is the province of neutron Compton scattering. The instrumentation used in each of these energy regimes is described.


Bickell WH, Pepe PE, Bailey ML, et al: Randomized trial of pneumatic antishock garments in the prehospital management of penetrating abdominal injuries. Ann Emerg Med 1987; 16:653-658 Bickell WH, Pepe PE, Wyatt CH, et al: Effect ofantishock trousers on the trauma score: A prospective analysis in the urban setting. Ann Emerg Med 1985; 14:218-222 Mackersie RC, Christensen JM, Lewis FR: The prehospital use of external counterpressure: Doe MAST make a difference? J Trauma 1984; 24:882-888 Mattox KL, Bickell WH, Pepe PE, et al: Prospective randomized evaluation of antishock MAST in post-traumatic hypotension. J Trauma 1986; 26:779-786 McSwain NE Jr: Pneumatic anti-shock garment: State of the art 1988. Ann Emerg Med 1988; 17:506-525


By measuring electromagnetic radiation released by household appliance through experiment,and an alyzing experimental data,this article summarizes characteristics of electromagnetic radiation from household appli ance and provides recommendation on household using.


318manuscripts in South China Journal of Seismology from May 2012 to May 2014 are detected by using CNKI academic misconduct detection system.The copy text ratios,author's institutions and the ratios of funded papers are analyzed.The results show that for papers on geosciences there is no certain connection between copy text ratio,author's institution and support by fund or not.Succession and association mostly exist in geosciences research and the related papers are prone to text coincidence.A paper should be judged from its creativities and usefulness etc.


September 2015 Outline • Summary of tasks and objectives of WG1 • Overview of collected CH4-determining factors diet, rumen microbiota host genetics, physiology and environment • Overview of Methane measurements in Europe • Training School on Methane Physiology & Modelling for Geneticists in Dummerstorf • Major Outcome of Joint Work group meeting in Granada, 2014 • Summary and Conclusion _____________________________________________________________________________


MFH is the most frequent sarcoma in soft tissue. We treated three cases of MFH in the last three years.Case 1: Immediately after simple excision of the tumor at the left thigh by a doctor, curative wide resection was carried out.Case 2: As the tumor had contact with the right femur, the tumor was resected widely but not curatively. After the operation, radiation therapy was indicated.Case 3: The tumor at the right axillar region had simple excision four times. But unfortunately, the patient died of the huge tumor.


Gas chromatography was applied for the identification of 5 pharmaceuticals which contain bromisovalerylurea and other drugs. The gas chromatography of the standard compounds in ethanolic solution was performed by using a column containing 1.5% carbowax and 2.5% SE-30 as the stationary phase. The discrimination from each other of these 5 pharmaceuticals was successfully achieved by using above gas chromatographic method. The application of the method for forensic purposes was also reported.


Chinese traditional culture to promote construction of campus culture practical significance can't be ignored, but the campus culture in the absence of the fine traditional culture situation is worrying. Based on this, in the reality of the construction of campus culture we should focus on traditional culture and educa- tion, the positive elements of traditional culture through the idea of being in educating people, promoting quality education. Especially in the minds of college students need to strengthen traditional culture and educa- tion, vigorously promote national spirit totally. This article aims to explore traditional Chinese culture, pro- mote the construction of campus culture on the practical significance of that student-centered colleges and universities to carry forward the tradition and promote innovation simultaneously, and push forward construc- tion of campus culture in the new period.