The rapid development of the Internet and the amount of people who are beginning to gain or already have access to the Internet is phenomenal. As more people are beginning to log on, the range of abilities of the internet is starting to diversify, from online auction sites, shopping at home, and of course, doing banking through the Internet. However, there was an Internet banking hacking incident, which two hacked into the Internet banking system of a local bank by installing a program to find out personal identification numbers (PIN) and electronic certificate information used for Internet banking. The hackers used a hacking program installed at a computer on a PC room, which is very common in Korea, when hackers visited a certain Web site with the computer. The victim used Internet banking without knowing the installed program was sending his PIN number and personal information to the hackers. The program used the 'key stroke' method, which sends hackers whatever the victim types on the keyboard. And also there should be prompt precautions for new type of financial fraud, "phising", a technique whereby the websites of known institutions are entirely or partly copied and e-mails are used to obtain private or confidential data of the customers of those institutions and this fraud affects users' credibility on online banking system. Internet banking seems to be the way of the future, and with the rapid advances of technology and the internet, online banking will continue to grow. Therefore it is very important and imminent issue to build safe and reliable environment. So, in this paper, vulnerabilities in Internet banking system are analyzed and several measures for trust building of internet banking are suggested. Key-Words: Internet Banking, Hacking, PIN, OTP, cyber space, information infrastructure


Genetic engineering has always been a topic of controversy as the balance it aims to reach between the benefits accrued to humans and attendant ethical considerations is open to debate In each of the diverse fields of agriculture medicine bioremediation and biotechnology concerns vary in a discipline specific manner However the principal source of apprehension often involves the ecological impact real or perceived of the use of recombinant DNA technology in particular the release of genetically modified organisms into the environment In this short review pressing issues are highlighted the potential severity of the negative effects is addressed and methods for overcoming these are indicated


This chapter looks at writing cultures in European higher education and summarizes what one know about their differences and commonalities at a national level of comparison. It develops four examples for national writing cultures in Europe and sketches the particular features of these cultures within their educational systems and histories. The chapter outlines these cultures in order to grasp the essential connections between genre use, writing cultures, and educational systems. It reviews a series of theoretical issues and explains how writing cultures can be studied in the complex system of a multilingual and multifaceted world like Europe. The chapter also looks at some questions, in an effort to offer a snapshot of the intriguing complexity of different European writing cultures and what this can tells about the nature of writing, genres, and intercultural comparisons. Keywords: academic writing; educational genres; European higher education; writing cultures


The objective of this paper is to estimate the expected annual costs to taxpayers of federal disaster-related expenditures to provide guidance to federal policymakers in budgeting and formulating disaster relief policy. Our estimates take into account recent trends in the generosity of federal disaster policy as well as statistical data on the frequency and severity of losses from natural catastrophes. Our estimates of the costs of disasters are based on two sources: (1) simulation analysis by Applied Insurance Research, a leading catastrophe modeling firm, and (2) historical data on insured catastrophe losses from Property Claims Services, an insurance industry statistical firm. We estimate the average expected federal expenditures for disaster assistance related to hurricanes, earthquakes, thunderstorms, and winter storms to be about $20 billion a year. In a bad year, corresponding to a catastrophic event of severity expected only once every century, the bill could exceed $100 billion. Given the current approach to disaster relief funding, we project an unfunded liability for disaster assistance over the next 75 years comparable to that of Social Security. The magnitude of the projected liability strongly suggests that government should adopt a proactive, ex ante approach to disaster relief policy rather than the current ad hoc reactive approach.


Translucent alumina ceramics with high strength and reliability were fabricated through dry pressing of industry-grade granules and subsequent vacuum-sintering prior to hot isostatic pressing (HIP). The raw materials consisted of two types of granules, containing acrylic binder with and without 500 ppm MgO. The internal structures of samples in each manufacturing step were evaluated by the liquid immersion method using an optical microscope. Large defects and their transitions were observed in the samples after each processing step. The fabricated ceramics had high relative density (>99.6%) and very fine microstructures with grain sizes smaller than 1 ̄m. In the granule system with the binder non-uniformly distributed, interstices in the granules were observed in the powder compacts and samples after vacuum sintering. Alumina ceramics derived from the granule system with uniformly distributed binder and MgO additive exhibited high translucency with 50% in-line transmittance and strength greater than 3700MPa. This result suggests that characteristics of the granules considerably affect not only the packing structures in powder compacts but also the microstructure and properties of the sintered ceramics.


Eessential oil herbs have long been used in medicine as anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, antibacterial, expectorant and sedative drugs. At present phenolic compounds including flavonoids, play an important role in the total biological activity of essential oilplants.
The aim of this research – the identification and analysis of flavonoids in the aerial parts of three species belonging to the subfamily Nepetoideae family Lamiaceae: Ocimum americanum, Lophanthus anisatus and Satureja hortensis. It was identified the flavonoids by used qualitative reactions and chromatographic methods: paper, thin-layer and high performance liquid chromatography.
It was detected the presence of a number of aglycone and glycoside flavonoids. It was found  the flavonol (rutin, isoquercitrin and hyperoside) and flavone (apigenin, luteolin and their derivatives) compounds. Lophanthus anisatus is characterized the highest diversity of flavonoids. Ir was revealed the presence of isoquercitrinand luteolin derivatives in all investigated plants; other compounds was detected selectively.
Lophanthus anisatus herb set the maximum content of apigenin and its derivatives ((30,71·10-2% и 26,79·10-2%, respectively); the highest content of rutin was found in the grass Ocimum americanum (62,06·10 2%) and Satureja hortensis (28,56·10-2%).
The results of investigations can be used in chemotaxonomy of the subfamily Nepetoideae and further planning of pharmacological studies.


An experimental results concerning changes of supermolecular structure of polyethylene membrane during punch deformation process is presented. Disc-shaped specimens from low-density polyethylene film (LDPE) processed by extrusion blowing method were cut out and loaded by steel spherical punch. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction methods were used in order to investigate polyethylene structure. Changes of crystalline formation are presented in polyethylene membrane in different zones of formed polymeric shell. The dimensions of supermolecular formations and peculiarities of their changes after punch deformation of LDPE film were determined.


Concerning the development and adoption of the computer-based patient record (CPR), an unsolved problem is still the approach that should be taken to construct a highly configurable, generic CPR. The first step in finding such an approach, is the identification of generic activity patterns. These are considered to be helpful in the identification of components. We identified twelve generic activity patterns in the interaction between a patient and a care-cluster.


Crop diseases pose a severe challenge to food security, yet in many parts of the world it is still challenging to promptly diagnose them owing to a lack of necessary infrastructure. Image processing may be the most effective method to anticipate this issue and provide findings that are remarkably precise. Support vector machines and deep CNN were used in this research by improving training effectiveness and accuracy. In this study, Plant Disease Dataset is used which involves images of healthy and diseased plants collected by under some controlled conditions, SVM (support vector machine which used for feature extraction of images) and CNN (it will classify the dataset images into diseased plant or healthy plant) and further it'll be recommending the fertilizers according to the plant diseases.


For thirty years, marketing research has regularly integrated the idea of perceived "congruency" in its models. A disparate literature, difficult to organize in a coherent whole, follows from this large number of studies and from the wide variety of fields in which they were carried out: How to define congruency, how does it form itself, and how to measure it? This article aims at gathering, organizing and discussing the answers that can be found in more than a hundred articles.


In multicentre trials, randomisation is often carried out using permuted blocks stratified by centre. It has previously been shown that stratification variables used in the randomisation process should be adjusted for in the analysis to obtain correct inference. For continuous outcomes, the two primary methods of accounting for centres are fixed‐effects and random‐effects models. We discuss the differences in interpretation between these two models and the implications that each pose for analysis. We then perform a large simulation study comparing the performance of these analysis methods in a variety of situations. In total, we assessed 378 scenarios. We found that random centre effects performed as well or better than fixed‐effects models in all scenarios. Random centre effects models led to increases in power and precision when the number of patients per centre was small (e.g. 10 patients or less) and, in some scenarios, when there was an imbalance between treatments within centres, either due to the randomisation method or to the distribution of patients across centres. With small samples sizes, random‐effects models maintained nominal coverage rates when a degree‐of‐freedom (DF) correction was used. We assessed the robustness of random‐effects models when assumptions regarding the distribution of the centre effects were incorrect and found this had no impact on results. We conclude that random‐effects models offer many advantages over fixed‐effects models in certain situations and should be used more often in practice. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Working conditions for drivers of vehicles are a health and safety concern. For hygienic and physiological assessment of real visual loads on a car driver, a method for simultaneous recording of information visual load (IVL) and heart rate has been developed and tested in situ. We used publicly available devices — a car DVR and a wrist pulse monitor. An example of timesynchronized recordings of the IVL stream and pulse is given. The efficiency of the method is shown and the correlation of video fragments and pulsogram to R = 0.4 (moderate on the Cheddock scale) is established. The systematization of factors of working conditions (external and internal in cabin at the workplace) that affect the perception of IVL is outlined. The results of the work are applicable for the hygienic assessment of the working conditions of vehicle drivers, when IVL is a leading factor in working conditions and workload, in order to prevent fatigue and traffic accidents.


I n this note we show that the α-labeling number of a bipartite graph G is bounded, which proves a conjecture.


Abstract A high percentage of older adults engages with games; however research about impacts of gaming on older adults is focused almost exclusively on games intended to strengthen cognitive health or slow age-related cognitive decline, very little relates gaming to exercise. Rural –dwelling older adults are underrepresented in this as in other health-related research. Nonetheless, recent developments that explore effectiveness of embedding positive health behaviors (including exercise) in established games such as Bingo hold great promise for addressing the endemic social isolation and chronically debilitating conditions often associated with rural aging. Using recent research with a challenging population group (rural Appalachian older adults) as an anchor for discussion, this paper describes the state of the art of such interventions and, through a multinational lens, finds that these suggest a new direction for gaming design that could enhance effectiveness of the use of gaming to improve health and happiness of rural adults. Part of a symposium sponsored by the Rural Aging Interest Group.


This paper examines the use of digital video in public safety and surveillance systems. Traditionally video recordings are used by law enforcement to review events retrospectively and for evidential purposes in the pursuance of criminal prosecution. We also examine how, due to the proliferation of cameras around cities, human operators are challenged to monitor these data feeds in real-time and how the emergence of AI and computer vision solutions can process this data. Computer vision can enable the move from a purely reactive to a predictive, real-time analysis platform. As camera numbers and the resolution and framerate of cameras grow, existing network infrastructure frequently causes challenges provisioning low latency, high bandwidth networking to private or public cloud infrastructure for evidential storage. These technical challenges can provide issues for law enforcement providing a data chain of custody to ensure its admissibility during court proceedings. Emerging technologies offer solutions to overcome these challenges: the use of emerging edge compute capabilities, including the use of on-camera and mobile edge compute nodes providing compute capabilities closer to the data source and new software paradigms, including CI/CD methodologies, and the use of micro-services and containerization to manage and deliver applications across the portfolio of devices, at the edge of the network.


A Multibeam Ka-band Satellite to offer High Speed Internet service to state and private universities and high schools based on 2007-2008 academic year statistical data is proposed. For this goal an optimum coverage on Iran has been created using MATLAB software. These data were transferred to 1:250000 digital map of Iran using ILWIS software. After reading the coordinates of cities located in each contour, which were more than 640 locations, we proceeded to calculate traffic specifications of each beam. After frequency planning for beams, the power and dimension of earth stations were designed. Finally the technical specifications of the proposed satellite to serve nationwide users are proposed.


The role that the neutral sheet plays in the access of solar protons into the geomagnetic cavity is considered. Additional theoretical considerations are provided on the formation of the peaks of flux observed over the lower latitudes of the polar caps during the anisotropic phase of solar events. (WDM)


The purpose of this paper is to document some of the finer points which became apparent during the development of an RF powermeter. The powermeter, intended for use in a hostile thermal environment, was an integral part of an automated test set used to evaluate mobile telephone units. The initial task was to develop circuitry that produced a DC output voltage which was simply related to the RF input power. The circuit performance was further specified to accommodate a wide dynamic range of inputs and to remain reasonably accurate despite wide temperature variations. The development was begun by employing DC current biasing to improve the detector's sensitivity to low level input signals. Next a subtractive technique was utilized to provide improved temperature stability. An additive technique was devised to extend the range of linear operation. Only by employing all of these methods was the resultant circuit able to meet its requirements. In the sections which follow, the current biased envelope detector with the proposed improvements is discussed, a circuit is introduced, and experimental results which confirm the validity of the suggested techniques are presented.


The utility model relates to an electrolytic machining device of ultrathin workpieces, and belongs to the field of precise micro-electrochemistry machining. The electrolytic machining device mainly comprises two sets of three-dimensional tender-moving control panels. A first loading platform (7) is installed on the first set of three-dimensional tender-moving control panel, and a second loading platform (6) is installed on the second set of three-dimensional tender-moving control panel. The first loading platform (7) is used for clamping a nanometer electrode (12) in the process of machining, and the second loading platform (6) is used for installing a metal circular ring (14) in the process of machining. By means of the electrolytic machining device, the straightness, the flatness and the parallelism of the ultrathin workpices can be guaranteed, and the problems such as deformation caused by clamping are avoided.


(57) [summary] In the present application, the prevention of Lyme disease in humans and other animals, for the treatment and early diagnosis, discloses an isolated OspC Dra fragment fusion peptide from Boreri Abul Gadoru Ferri. In addition, the present invention is, and anti--Osp Boreriashidaru antibody activity, relates to a screening method for detecting an antibody that reacts with the encoded protein fragments by DraI-SmaIDNA fragment of OspC.


The effect of the presence of the anions PF6 -, BF4 -, ClO4 -, and tosylate- on the potentials of the RuIII/II redox processes in a series of mono-, di-, and trinuclear complexes involving polypyridyl ligands are reported. The anions gives rise to a cathodic shift in the respective redox potentials in the sequence PF6 - , BF4 - o ClO4 - , tos-, with the magnitude of the shifts being largest for the tri-nuclear and smallest for the mononuclear species. In one dinuclear complex, a variation of anion was also observed to affect the difference in potentials between the [6+/5+] and [5+/4+] couples. These effects are consistent with known specific association of the anions with metal complexes of this type. In the presence of PF6 -, high-pressure electrochemical studies revealed the molar volume changes for successive redox couples in di- and rinuclear complexes were almost invariant (AVcomplex = 24 ±2 cm3 mol-1) and consistent with the value for mononuclear species. This constancy is interpreted in terms of isolated RuIII/II processes in all complexes and implies that the electrostrictive effects on solvent are limited to a very short range.


The utility model relates to a vehicle safety article, in particular to a seat belt buckle capable of breaking a car window for escape in emergency situations. The seat belt buckle is composed of a seat belt buckle ring, connecting rotating shafts, clamping beads, a window-breaking conical tip, a tongue-shaped inserting buckle and pits. The seat belt buckle for breaking the car window for escape in emergency is characterized in that the seat belt buckle ring and the tongue-shaped inserting buckle are connected through the connecting rotating shafts, the window-breaking conical tip is fixedly arranged on the seat belt buckle ring and is exposed after the tongue-shaped inserting buckle is rotated around the seat belt buckle ring, each clamping bead is a hemispheroid and is fixedly arranged on the seat belt buckle ring, and when the clamping beads are exactly in butt joint with the pits, the seat belt buckle ring and the tongue-shaped inserting buckle are tightly connected together and not prone to rotation. The seat belt buckle is fixedly arranged on a seat belt, cannot be lost and is ready to use at any time, and all people on a car can pull out the seat belt buckles at body sides to break the window for escape in emergency situations. Further, the seat belt buckle for breaking the car window for escape in emergency is simple in structure and easy and convenient to operate, use of existing seat belts is not influenced, and the seat belt buckle has dual purposes.


In smart cities, infrastructures, such as bridges and buildings, are equipped with smart sensing and actuator devices interconnected via wireless links composing a wireless sensor and actuator network (WSAN). The WSAN nodes are able to measure a variety of environmental parameters, process the sensing data locally, work in a collaborative way, make decisions on the occurrence of relevant events, and react to such events performing local control actions or sending warnings to remote operators. The unprecedented capabilities of monitoring and responding to stimuli in the physical world of wireless sensor and actuator networks (WSAN) enable these networks to provide the underpinning for several Smart City applications, such as structural health monitoring (SHM). In those applications, civil structures, endowed with wireless smart devices, are able to selfmonitor and autonomously respond to situations using computational intelligence. A decentralized algorithm for detecting damage in structures by using a WSAN. As key characteristics, beyond presenting a fully decentralized (in-network) and collaborative approach for detecting damage in structures, our algorithm makes use of cooperative information fusion for calculating a damage coefficient. The algorithm in terms of its accuracy and efficient use of the constrained WSAN resources.


In this article I respond to objections that Matias Orono, Silvia del Lujan di Saanza, Pedro Stepanenko and Luciana Martinez have raised against my non-conceptualist reading of Kant's aesthetics. The objections are both, substantial and instructive. I first sketch my non-conceptualist reading of Kant's doctrine of judgments of taste and then turn to what I take to be the most important criticisms that these authors have put forward. Two difficulties with a non-conceptualist reading of Kant's aesthetics seem to be central: the cognitive status of judgments of taste and the representationalist capacity of aesthetic feeling as non-conceptual mental content. I respond to these and additional objections and defend my overall non-conceptualist interpretation of Kant's aesthetics against my critics. I argue that Kant's aesthetics is highly relevant for the debate over whether or not Kant is a (non-)conceptualist.


ABSTRACT This article presents user experience data collected through surveys and interviews at an art museum library to offer a comprehensive picture of a diverse population of patrons' print and digital access preferences for serials. The results of this study show that the line between digital and physical research preferences is incredibly nebulous, as patrons who start with digital sources often print out a copy for taking notes, and patrons who begin with physical resources often make a digital copy for future reference. Patrons do not necessarily prefer one format over the other in all cases, but rather realize that each new project requires a customized approach to research. This type of user experience data informs library services and empowers librarians to curate access to electronic and print serials in response to patrons' specific research habits, impacting collection development, acquisitions, and outreach efforts.


"HrkNDOF THE END OF SUMMER HARUMI SETOUCHI Translated byjanine Beichman Winner of the Women's Literary Award in 1963, this autobiographical novel explores the conflicting emotions of a mother towards her abandoned child, against the background of a life moving from sensuality to asceticism. Intensely introspective in form, this novel contains moving intimations of the author's decision to become a Buddhist nun. 160 pages. $17.95 ISBN: 0-87011-911-7


The two-Higgs doublet model (2HDM) can have two electroweak breaking, CP-conserving, minima. The possibility arises that the minimum which corresponds to the known elementary particle spectrum is metastable, a possibility we call the "panic vacuum". We present analytical bounds on the parameters of the softly broken Peccei-Quinn 2HDM which are necessary and sufficient conditions to avoid this possibility. We also show that, for this particular model, the current LHC data already tell us that we are necessarily in the global minimum of the theory, regardless of any cosmological considerations about the lifetime of the false vacua.


Predicting the future is a difficult and, arguably, impossible task. This final chapter builds on the past and present and explores macro-level trends and how they may impact the future of eSports. This includes issues related to data privacy, blockchain, artificial intelligence, virtual reality, 5G wireless, and major policy and regulatory issues that may challenge eSports. Together, these trends offer a framework to map out how eSports may impact both business and society. The final section of this chapter synthesizes the detailed research questions from each chapter to guide future research in the field of eSports.


In this paper a new method for automatic segmentation of continuous speech into phone-like units is addressed. Our method is based on a very fast presegmentation algorithm which uses a new statistical modeling of speech and searching in a multilevel structure, called Dendrogram, for decreasing insertion rate. In each step the performance of algorithms have been tested over a large set of TIMIT sentences. According to these tests, our final segmentation algorithm is capable of detecting nearly 97% of segments with an average boundary position error of less than 7 msec and average insertion rate of less than 12.6%. The paper will describe the algorithms for determining the acoustic segments. Performance results will also be included.


Presentation of a new computer system, developped by Shell Chemicals UK Ltd. for its North Western Ethylene Pipeline project, including CAD workstations with database components (profile, bend, cover, wall thickness, coating, etc.).


The OLED display device includes a pixel region and the sealing member and the first substrate and the second substrate to the the first substrate and the second substrate including a non-pixel region other than the pixel region, it cemented to the first substrate and the second substrate It includes a non-reinforcing materials and to be filled in the pixel area, a first substrate and a receiving for receiving a portion of at least one of the stiffener inside the substrate of the second substrate portion corresponding to the non-pixel region.


OBJECTIVE: the purpose of this prospective study was to cephalometrically analyze the dentoalveolar and soft tissue changes after the orthodontic treatment followed by the extraction of four premolars. MATERIAL ANS METHODS: the sample was comprised by 30 Class II division 1 patients with mean initial age of 12 years and 4 months. Two lateral cephalograms were obtained from each patient at the beginning and at the end of the treatment. The variables analyzed were the nasalabial changes and upper and lower incisors changes in relation to a vertical and horizontal x and y reference lines. RESULTS: upper and lower incisors retraction was 3.4 and 1.8mm, respectively. The SNA angle was decresead by 1.7 degrees followed by a retraction of point A mainly due to the upper incisor retraction. There was a significant decrease of the Wits and ANB variables. There was an increase in the lower anterior facial height. Upper incisor retraction was followed by an increase in the nasolabial angle (ratio 1:2.8 degrees). However, a wide range of individual variability was found. CONCLUSIONS: the present study did not support the simple expectation that treatment with extractions of four premolars will result in a dished in face. It appeared that facial changes were more related to a normal facial growth, the amount of incisor retraction and the anchorage control during the upper and lower incisor.


The paper was designed to examine food security and the factors that affect expenditure on different food groups for a sample of households of primary school children located in North Trinidad. Primarily the paper sought to examine the determinants of increased consumption of the fruits and vegetables. A random selection of schools was taken, classes selected and caregivers for children from the selected classes were interviewed. Data on household demographics and expenditures for four food groups were obtained in the survey. Results of the estimations of ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models showed that several factors including ethnicity, monthly household income, the age of household's head and an estimated food security index influenced the households' food expenditures.


Recent observational data of supernovae point to {lambda}-dominated flat cosmological models. However, an alternative model in which we happen to live in an underdense region requires no dark energy or modification of gravity. This challenges the Copernican principle. We show that the integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect is an excellent discriminator between anti-Copernican inhomogeneous models and the standard Copernican models. As a reference model, we consider an anti-Copernican inhomogeneous model that consists of two inner negatively curved underdense regions and an outer flat Einstein-de Sitter region. We assume that these regions are connected by two thin walls at redshifts z=0.067 and z=0.45. In the inner two regions, the first-order ISW effect is dominant and comparable to that in the concordant flat-{lambda} models. In the outer Einstein-de Sitter region, the first-order ISW effect vanishes but the second-order ISW effect plays a dominant role, while the first-order ISW effect is dominant in the flat-{lambda} models at moderate redshifts. This difference can discriminate the anti-Copernican models from the concordant flat-{lambda} model. At high redshifts, the second-order ISW effect is dominant both in our inhomogeneous model and in the concordant model. In the outer region, moreover, the ISW effect due to large-scale density perturbations withmore » a present matter density contrast {epsilon}{sub m0} >0.37 would generate anisotropies which are larger than those generated by the ISW effect in the concordant model.« less


The facture process of fully-lamellar TiAl alloys is investigated by tensile-unloading test and tensile test,and analysis of fracture surface.It is found that the areal density of cracks increases with the increasing of the degree of pre-damage,and the fracture process of plate tensile fracture is consistent with that of tensile-unloadingfracture,the fracture energy per unit area remains basically unchanged,It means that pre-damage has no effect on the fracture process and final fracture properties of lamellar titanium aluminum alloy.


This study aimed to document early left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in chronic kidney disease (CKD) using methods such as tissue Doppler imaging and the myocardial performance index (MPI).


The climatological (Wiedenmann et al., 2002; Barriopedro et al., 2006) and dynamic (Lupo, 1997; Burkhardt and Lupo, 2005; Luo et al. 2007a,b; Lupo et al. 2007; and Hussain et al. 2007) behavior of blocking has been studied extensively over the past decade, and this has led to a better understanding of blocking in both hemispheres. Lupo (1997), and references therein, confirmed what earlier studies had tentatively shown, namely that blocking forms and is sustained by the interaction between a large-scale wave and individual synoptic-scale cyclones. These studies have all shown that a certain phase relationship between a developing upstream cyclone and the large-scale feature is necessary for block intensification. Lupo and Burkhardt (2005), using Potential Vorticity diagnostics, demonstrated that the planetary-synoptic-scale interactions are truly non-linear and synergistic in Northern Hemisphere (NH) blocking much of the time. In the Southern Hemisphere (SH), blocking is, much of the time, the result of superposition between the two scales. Wiedenmann et al. (2002) and Barriopedro et al. (2006) both studied the climatological behavior of blocking as well as the trends and interannual variability in blocking occurrence. Both of these studies demonstrated that there was no statistically significant long-term trend in NH blocking occurrences, while the Wiedenmann et al. (2002) demonstrated that there was a long-term decrease in blocking occurrences in the SH. Clark et al. (2007) demonstrated that blocking in the SH was increasing between 2000 – 2006. However, it is not known why this increase was occurring. This increase is consistent with the results of Lupo et al. (1997) who suggested that a warmer climate would lead to an increase in the number and duration of blocking events. Blocking in the NH demonstrated some interannual variability with blocking being more common in La Nina years and was significantly stronger, especially over the North Pacific. In the SH, blocking was more frequent, stronger, and more persistent in El Nino years. Since blocking is relatively rare outside the South Pacific region, these differences can be related to the interannual variability of the South Pacific storm __________________________________________________ *Corresponding author address: Anthony R. Lupo, Department of Soil, Environmental, and Atmospheric Science, 302 E ABNR Building, University of MissouriColumbia, Columbia, MO 65211. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com. track. Additionally, blocking in the SH is less frequent and has a stronger seasonal peak than in the NH (Wiedenmann et al., 2002). Thus, there are two goals for this work. The first is to update the previous climatological work of this group to include recent years, especially for the NH. In performing this analysis we will note any resulting changes these years make to the previous climatologies. The second goal is to promote a blocking archive that will continuously be updated in a similar manner for that of, for example, hurricanes, and made available to the general public.


The text is based on the theory of cooperative federalism, focusing on the categories that underlie the search for unity in diversity: decentralization, autonomy and cooperation. The research is qualitative, based on documentary analysis and content of semistructured interviews, organized by thematic categories, with the elaboration of semantic networks. It is argued that the Plano de Ações Articuladas operates through a territorial distribution of power between the Union, state and municipality, seeking to break with the political tradition of clientelism in education. However, local preferences are poorly considered, and regional asymmetries remain, in addition to unfulfilled commitments and lack of transparency. Joint responsibilities demand clarity in sharing power and effective communication between entities, and overcoming areas of overlap and interpenetration. It is concluded that the Plano de Ações Articuladas is based on intergovernmental relations whose core is the prevalence of hierarchical authority between entities.


MOTIVATION
To detect and select patterns of transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) which distinguish genes directly regulated by estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha), we developed an innovative mixture model-based discriminate analysis for identifying ordered TFBS pairs.

RESULTS
Biologically, our proposed new algorithm clearly suggests that TFBSs are not randomly distributed within ERalpha target promoters (P-value < 0.001). The up-regulated targets significantly (P-value < 0.01) possess TFBS pairs, (DBP, MYC), (DBP, MYC/MAX heterodimer), (DBP, USF2) and (DBP, MYOGENIN); and down-regulated ERalpha target genes significantly (P-value < 0.01) possess TFBS pairs, such as (DBP, c-ETS1-68), (DBP, USF2) and (DBP, MYOGENIN). Statistically, our proposed mixture model-based discriminate analysis can simultaneously perform TFBS pattern recognition, TFBS pattern selection, and target class prediction; such integrative power cannot be achieved by current methods.

AVAILABILITY
The software is available on request from the authors.

CONTACT
firstname.lastname@example.com

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.


According to a new retrospective study in Obstetrics & Gynecology, second-stage labor that lasts more than 2 hours may increase the risk of complications.


In this paper, we investigated the simulation and fabrication of an E-shaped microstrip patch antenna realized on multilayered polyester fabric suitable for WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) applications. The main challenges while designing a textile antenna were to provide adequate thickness, surface uniformity and water wettability to the textile substrate. Here, three layers of polyester fabric were stacked together in order to obtain sufficient thickness, and were subsequently dip coated with polyvinyl butyral (PVB) solution. The PVB-coated polyester fabric showed a hydrophobic nature with a contact angle of 91°. The RMS roughness of the uncoated and PVB-coated polyester fabric was about 341 nm and 15 nm respectively. The promising properties, such as their flexibility, light weight and cost effectiveness, enable effortless integration of the proposed antenna into clothes like polyester jackets. Simulated and measured results in terms of return loss as well as gain were showcased to confirm the usefulness of the fabricated prototype. The fabricated antenna successfully operates at 3.37 GHz with a return loss of 21 dB and a maximum measured gain of 3.6 dB.


of a dissertation at the University of Miami. Dissertation supervised by Professor Scotney Evans. No. of pages in text. (134) The standard approach to ameliorating mental health difficulties in the United States may not be effective for racial and ethnic minority populations, as these individuals are more likely than non-Latino/a White individuals to prematurely withdraw from mental health services (Chow, Jaffee, & Snowden, 2003; Miranda, Azocar, Organista, Dwyer, & Arean, 2003). Yoga may be a viable intervention to address the large disparity in mental health services provided to these populations, as it is effective in ameliorating mental health difficulties across racial and ethnic populations and can be practiced in the non-medical settings. However, research suggests that racial and ethnic minority groups are significantly less likely than non-minority groups to practice yoga (Olano, Kachan, Tannenbaum, Mehta, Annane, & Lee, 2015). To elucidate underlying factors influencing the gap in yoga practice between racial and ethnic minorities and non-Latino/a White individuals, I utilized a convergent parallel mixed method design to examine holistic beliefs, beliefs about yoga, knowledge of yoga, and barriers to yoga across racial and ethnic populations. The results reflect the responses of 458 participants recruited online through Amazon Mechanical Turk and 16 individuals recruited locally for individual interviews. The results indicate that individuals across racial and ethnic groups generally maintain favorable beliefs about yoga and that the discrepancy in yoga practice could be better explained by barriers to yoga experienced by racial and ethnic minority groups. Limitations in knowledge of yoga, exposure to yoga, access to yoga, and contextual resources as well as apprehension to yoga culture emerged as important barriers to yoga practice. Research and clinical implications are discussed. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My dissertation experience has been a reflective journey and I have received more than I could ever give. I am grateful to the participants who took their time to discuss yoga and who in many instances opened up about their personal journeys. This undertaking would not have been possible without the support of my co-chairs Dr. Lydia Buki and Dr. Scot Evans. Their guidance and hands on support was vital throughout this experience. Moreover, their openness and encouragement to pursue my interests allowed me to move forward feeling confident. I am also very grateful to Dr. David Lee and Dr. Lissette Perez for their contributions and support. I am filled with gratitude toward my family, as they have always encouraged me in my pursuits. They instilled in me the foundation to work hard but most importantly, to make positive contributions to others, even if it is in simply being kind to a stranger. I have watched them sacrifice and work relentlessly for our family all the while caring for others along the way. This example has inspired and given me strength, as I know that I am cut from the same cloth. Though our family may be small in this country, I have felt a stadium of cheers, support, and encouragement along the way. The support of my friends and colleagues has been unparalleled. From discussing analyses to simply taking walks together, the support has been vital to my success. Thank you Liz, Raha, Rashad, Megan, Emaan, John, Susie, Brenda, Ronnie, Natalie, Lauren and all of the others that shined their light along the way. Peter, you also deserve a degree for keeping me well fed, grounded, and dancing along the way. Our laughing and adventures brought energy to my work while keeping me centered.


According to the characteristic that the teaching content increase and the school hour dicrease in electronic technology teaching, how to use the EDA technical to simulate electronic circuit and analysis the signal & system is researched. Electronics Workbench software is introduced to do actual electronic circuit simulation and analysis in combination example.


A new fecal analysis method that dissolves plutonium oxide was developed at the Westinghouse Savannah River Site. Diphonix Resin (Eichrom Industries), is used to pre-concentrate the actinides from digested fecal samples. A rapid microwave digestion technique is used to remove the actinides from the Diphonix Resin, which effectively extracts plutonium and americium from acidic solutions containing hydrofluoric acid. After resin digestion, the plutonium and americium are recovered in a small volume of nitric acid that is loaded onto small extraction chromatography columns, TEVA Resin and TRU Resin (Eichrom Industries). The method enables complete dissolution of plutonium oxide and provides high recovery of plutonium and americium with good removal of thorium isotopes such as thorium-228.


The possibility that phosphorylation of protein (s) is related to the differentiation of mouse myeloid leukemia cells (M1 cells) was examined by comparing phosphoproteins in M1 cells and in M1 cells treated with dexamethasone for various lengths of time. For this purpose, M1 cells or M1 cells treated with dexamethasone were incubated with [32P] H3PO4 in vivo and fractionated into subcellular fractions, then phosphoproteins were analyzed by gel electrophoresis followed by autoradiography. The analyses revealed no changes either in proteins detectable with Coomassie blue staining or in phosphoproteins except H1 histone at the early stage of differentiation of M1 cells. Phosphorylation of H1 histone in M1 cells occurred almost exclusively on H1B. The amount of H1B decreased remarkably after dexamethasone treatment, whereas the H1B phosphorylation level increased significantly between 16 and 48h after dexamethasone treatment and thereafter decreased.


The given work is devoted the analysis of factors which brake development of personnel potential of a modern Russian science. In connection with necessity of transition to active use of knowledge as source of growth for the answer to a question on why the eff orts undertaken by the state, don't solve a personnel problem in a science, attempt to use the approaches useful in an explanation of the new phenomena in real sector of economy, but earlier inapplicable to specifi city of scientifi c activity is made.


Gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH), acting via the GnRH receptor, elicited rapid extracellular acidification responses in mouse gonadotrope‐derived αT3‐1 cells as measured by the Cytosensor microphysiometer, which indirectly monitors cellular metabolic rates. GnRH increased the extracellular acidification rate of the cells in a dose‐dependent manner (EC50 = 1.81 ± 0.24 nM). The GnRH‐stimulated acidification rate could be attenuated by protein kinase C (PKC) down‐regulation, extracellular Ca2+ depletion, and the voltage‐sensitive Ca2+ channel (VSCC) blocker nifedipine, indicating that the acidification response is activated by both Ca2+ and PKC‐mediated pathways. Upon continuous exposure to 100 nM GnRH or periodic stimulation by 10 nM GnRH at 40 min intervals, homologous desensitization was more pronounced in the absence of extracellular Ca2+, suggesting that desensitization of GnRH activity may be mediated via depletion of intracellular Ca2+ stores. We have also compared the potency of eight GnRH analogs on αT3‐1 cells. No acidification response was detected for GnRH free acid, consistent with the idea that the C‐terminal amide is a critical structural determinant for GnRH activity. Replacement of Gly‐NH2 at the C‐terminus by N‐ethylamide dramatically reduced the EC50 value, suggesting that substitution of the Gly‐NH2 moiety by N‐ethylamide increases the potency of GnRH analogs. Substitution of Gly at position 6 by D‐Trp significantly reduced the EC50 value, whereas D‐Lys at the same position slightly increased the EC50 value, implying that either an aromatic amino acid or a non‐basic amino acid at position 6 may be essential for potent GnRH agonists. In summary, our results demonstrate that the Cytosensor microphysiometer can be used to evaluate the actions of GnRH and GnRH analogs in αT3‐1 cells in a real‐time and noninvasive manner. This silicon‐based microphysiometric system should provide new information on the structure‐function studies of GnRH and is an invaluable tool for the screening of new GnRH agonists and antagonists in the future. J. Cell. Biochem. 80:304–312, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The efficiency of any accounting information system can be maintained if there is a sound internal control system. In any accounting information environment, the qualities of internal controls adaptation affect operations and management and in turn influence internal control system. Internal control is ensures the achievement of operational goals and performance. Therefore the aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness and appraise the efficiency of accounting information system, looking at the criteria that need to be present in any accounting information to be efficient which are proper documentation, cost effectiveness, internal and external audit, extent of disclosure, separation of other operations from accounting and good internal control system. The study also shows that internal control helps in preventive control, detective control, corrective controls, general control and application control. Qualitative method of data collection was used. Thus, the study recommends that organizations should adopt the use of efficient accounting information system because accounting information is essential for effective decision making process and adequate information is possible if accounting information systems are run efficiently. Accounting information systems ensures that all levels of management get sufficient, adequate, relevant and true information for planning and controlling activities of the business organization.


Abstract : This report presents three different levels of analytic techniques for determining mass and velocity of dynamic fragments (fragments in motion). The first level describes recent advancements for analyzing images on flash radiographs. This advancement has reduced the amount of physical labor and inaccuracies, but the procedure can still be made less tedious by introducing the system which constitutes the second level. This second level consists of a proposed technique for eliminating the need to digitize the film manually. The third level is the development of the Automatic Data Acquisition System (ADAS), which is the ultimate in automatic recording of dynamic fragment images. This system will minimize the tedious handwork for the analyst and will significantly increase the accuracy of the results. It may also be found that the ADAS will be useful for studying other physical phenomena such as shaped charge jet and self- forging fragment formation.


The growth of wireless LANs has brought the expectation for high-bitrate streaming video to wireless PCs. However, it remains unclear how wireless channel characteristics impact the quality of streaming video sent over wireless LANs. This paper presents results from experiments that stream commercial video over a wireless campus network. By analyzing the streaming video quality and capturing wireless LAN characteristics across network and wireless link layers, "weather forecasts" are created such that selected wireless LAN performance indicators might be used to predict the streaming video quality. Furthermore, a quantified measurement of accuracy is presented to evaluate the effectiveness of individual weather forecasts. The paper evaluates six distinct weather forecasts four different streaming configurations including TCP and UDP streaming, and single and multiple-level encoded videos. The results show that the wireless Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) and average wireless link capacity are the most accurate indicators to predict the performance of streaming video over wireless LANs. The weather forecast philosophy can be beneficial for adapting video streaming in wireless LAN environments.


Hybrid classic-quantum systems utilized existing quantum hardware for machine learning (ML) by running pre- and post-processing on classic hardware to overcome the limitations of today's quantum computers. In this work, hybrid systems with several pre-processing techniques and two circuit architectures are evaluated by classifying remote sensing (RS) imagery. The potential of quantum machine learning (QML) for RS is investigated and particularly autoencoder methods are found to be suitable for pre-processing. The code is published in an open repository: https://github.com/tumbgd/qc4rs.


This invention provides a method for displaying encoded images, method and apparatus for playing the encoded images. The apparatus comprises a display device and a decoding unit. The decoding unit acquires a Bit-Per-Pixel (BPP) value from an encoded image, acquires a first bit stream from a first encoded image, acquires multiple first pixel data indices by segmenting the first bit stream every lengths of the BPP value, acquires a first pixel color value of each pixel data index by retrieving a palette comprising multiple unique pixel color values respectively labeled by multiple first pixel data indices, and outputs the acquired first pixel color values so as to play the first encoded image. The method and apparatus for playing the encoded images provided this invention play the encoded images through acquiring the pixel color values of the pixel data indices and outputting the acquired pixel color values to the player, so that coding and decoding can be effectively executed and the image playing time can be reduced.


According to the problem that the spiral call-search method is only feasible in theory,a novel optimal extended position search method based on improved particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm is proposed for the unmanned underwater vehicle(UUV) to search the uniform linear motion target.Firstly,based on the UUV's search width the model of optimal steering angle is established,and it is optimized by the improved PSO algorithm,then on that basis,another search method with unknown velocity of target is also analyzed.Secondly,several cooperative search methods of formation of the UUV based on different projection are discussed.Finally,the feasibility of the proposed method is proved by the results of simulation,and some suggestions are proposed for future development directions of the UUV.


Standard Integrated Farm Assurance (IF), supersedes any previous version of Eurepgap, so from 01 January 2008, agencies may not perform certification inspection Standard Version 2.1 Vegetable and vegetables. This project proposes specific objectives: to compare and identify potential benefits to the fact bear a certification of BPA as Eurepgap V 2.1 and not have certified, detailing the conversion process carried out by the farms that grow the main fresh Eurepgap certified export products by the Ecuadorian coast, and finally develop, and submit a detailed manual to guide the introduction of legislation in GlobalGap V3.0 fresh tropical crops. The methodology used is divided into three points for each meet the specific objectives proposed: We plan to visit a farm proposed for monitoring, displaying the evolution chronologically in meeting the requirements for certification of farms, concluding in a final visit and subsequent certification by an inspector accredited by an agency's full compliance with certification the control points Globalgap. Based on the successful process of implementation of the regulations GlobalGap on the cultivation belonging to the company proposed to develop a detailed guide to the process of implementing and monitoring GlobalGap V 3.0. While this guide makes reference to crops of bananas, mangoes and papaya, which is estimated to take three examples that crops covering a high percentage of possible alternatives that may exist in the performance of the control points to any crop.


Objective:To probe into the clinical significance of the detection of plasma prothromin time(PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) for newborn baby.Methods: The analysis objects were divided into premature infant group and full term infant group,in which the infants in premature infant group again were divided into 35 weeks group and ≥35 weeks group upon the different gestational ages.The infants in the premature infant group and in the full term infant group were divided into 0~2 days group,2 days~ group,1 week~ group and 2 weeks~ group upon different day ages.The femoral vein puncture was conducted within 24 hours after hospitalization,then sampling the blood with 109 mmol/L Sodium Citrate evacuated tube(ratio between the Sodium Citrate and blood: 1∶9).The plasma PT and APTT detections were conducted by the use of coagulation method.And the statistical analysis was made on the premature infant group and full term infant group,35 weeks group and ≥35 weeks group and groups with different day ages.Results: The plasma PT and APTT in the premature infant group was obviously longer than those in the full term infant group and the plasma PT and APTT in the 35 weeks group was absolutely longer than those in the ≥35 weeks group,which had statistical significance(P0.05).With the increasing of day ages,the PT and APTT became shorter and shorter.Conclusion: The PT and APTT shall be regarded as the regular test items for the newborn baby,which is significant in the prevention of hemorrhage of newborn baby,promoting the survival rate of premature infant and improving the prognosis.


In the contemporary childhood novels,the childhood motive has received rich and profound artistic representations and descriptions. From the perspective of narration,novels of this type usually contain the two tenses of "the past and the present" and the two perspectives of "the adults and the children" ; from the perspective of emotional tone,these novels are aesthetically and emotionally characterized by tenderness. In addition,the poetic retrospections of the childhood experience embody the authors' tracing and reflecting on the formation of their selves and contain a cultural awareness of how to explore the childhood psychology of mankind and the historical factors in the process of the formation of their own subjectivity.


Molecular conformer generation (MCG) is an important task in cheminformatics and drug discovery. The ability to efficiently generate low-energy 3D structures can avoid expensive quantum mechanical simulations, leading to accelerated virtual screenings and enhanced structural exploration. Several generative models have been developed for MCG, but many struggle to consistently produce high-quality conformers. To address these issues, we introduce CoarsenConf, which coarse-grains molecular graphs based on torsional angles and integrates them into an SE(3)-equivariant hierarchical variational autoencoder. Through equivariant coarse-graining, we aggregate the fine-grained atomic coordinates of subgraphs connected via rotatable bonds, creating a variable-length coarse-grained latent representation. Our model uses a novel aggregated attention mechanism to restore fine-grained coordinates from the coarse-grained latent representation, enabling efficient generation of accurate conformers. Furthermore, we evaluate the chemical and biochemical quality of our generated conformers on multiple downstream applications, including property prediction and oracle-based protein docking. Overall, CoarsenConf generates more accurate conformer ensembles compared to prior generative models.


The complex (Htrz)2[Mo3O6(O2)4(trz)2]⋅H2O (1), isolated from the reaction of MoO3 with H2O2 in the presence of 1,2,4‐triazole (trz), displays singular structural features such as double bridges comprising one oxido and one triazole ligand, and peripheral oxidodiperoxido‐molybdenum(VI) units. A comparative study was performed regarding the catalytic activity and stability of complex 1 and the hybrid material [MoO3(trz)0.5] (2) for the epoxidation of cis‐cyclooctene (Cy8), the alcoholysis of epoxides, and the acetalization of benzaldehyde (PhCHO). Methanol or ethanol were used as solvents and reagents for the latter two reactions. For the substrates Cy8, styrene oxide, and PhCHO, the corresponding epoxide, β‐alkoxy alcohol, and dialkyl acetal were obtained with 100 % selectivity at very high conversions. In general, 1 performed better than 2 for the different catalytic reactions. Under certain oxidant/co‐solvent conditions used for Cy8 epoxidation, 1 was converted to 2 during the reaction.


Cultural default of literary works can be defined as absence of some cultural background knowledge shared by the author and his/her intended reader. Its existence makes it a task for the translator to reconstruct the default in translation for the TL readers. The reconstruction of cultural default helps the TL readers to build coherence in the text so that they can appropriately understand the text and culture conveyed in it. This paper takes examples from A Dream of Red Mansions translated by YANG Xian-yi and Gladys Yang to sum up and evaluate the various possible translation strategies in dealing with cultural default.


SUMMARY Epidermolysis bullosa pruriginosa (EBP) is a genetic mechanobullous disease and rare variant of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, characterized by intense itching, nodular lichenoid lessions prurigo-like and vesicles lesions caused by local trauma, as well as grazes and milio, all of them have an onset at childhood or later; scars and prurigo are more prominent on the pretibial area. We hereby report 6 cases of EBP, diagnosed over a period of 4 years at the Daniel A. Carrion National Hospital.


The thesis focuses on the use of the sales promotion means of BMW vehicles in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part contains a general summary and a description of sales promotion as a part of the communication mix. The practical part analyzes the current state of sales promotion of BMW vehicles in the Czech Republic and suggests changes to its system.


Designing thermal-aware microarchitectures for microprocessors at new technologies is becoming a critical requirement due to the exponentially increasing on-chip power density. Extremely high power density, thus the very high onchip temperature, not only significantly increases the packaging and cooling cost, but also creates tremendous difficulties in chip leakage control and reliability. As a major contributor to chip transistor budget and die area, caches account for a significant share of the overall processor power consumption, including both dynamic and leakage power. This work proposes to characterize the thermal behavior within data caches at the fine granularity instead of treating the data cache as a monolithic block. It develops detailed thermal models for a typical subarrayed data cache. Furthermore, this work proposes and evaluates a new subarray scheme, namely way-interleaved scheme, to improve the thermal behavior of subarrays. This optimized cache microarchitecture can be also combined with dynamic thermal management techniques to further improve the efficiency of the thermal management. The interaction between leakage control and thermal optimization is also investigated in the context of thermal-aware microarchitectural designs.


Anthropogenic nutrient input to coastal waters is one of the most common disturbances within inshore marine benthic communities. Organic enrichment in sediments leads to the reduction or disappearance of sensitive organisms, and influences the quality and quantity of primary producers which serve as food sources for the benthic fauna. Such changes, in turn, affect the energy flow and food-web interactions in benthic communities. To examine how organic enrichment may alter marine benthic trophic relationship, a stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) analysis of the potential food sources and a range of meiofauna and polychaetes from an organically polluted and a relatively unpolluted site was compared in subtropical waters of Hong Kong. Results indicated that some omnivorous infauna shifted from a mainly carnivorous diet at the unpolluted site to a largely herbivorous diet at the organically polluted site. This dietary shift is likely to be related to the oxygen stress, prey limitation and increased abundance and nutritional quality of primary producers in the eutrophic area, resulting in an increase in utilization of plant materials as the major food source. The present findings suggest that such changes in trophic position induced by organic enrichment can provide further insights into the structure and function of coastal benthic communities under pollution stress.


Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative bacterium that can cause infection in various kinds of animals and humans. Here, we report the genome sequence of K. pneumoniae isolated from a captive marmoset in Thailand. ABSTRACT Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative bacterium that can cause infection in various kinds of animals and humans. Here, we report the genome sequence of K. pneumoniae isolated from a captive marmoset in Thailand.


AbstractThis article reviews the current evaluation procedures of the Business Plus Scheme. A multi-method approach was adopted for the total study. This article is restricted to reporting on the results of telephone interviews undertaken with clients of the Scheme. The results illustrated that the evaluative component was an essential aspect of the Business Plus Scheme, and must continually be evaluated from the stakeholders' perspectives. The benefits of the Scheme were described, gaps in the implementation of the Scheme were identified, and improvements suggested. Further research was recommended to evaluate the effectiveness of the Scheme as a vehicle to: improve management skills; enhance skills transfer; and clarify the consultant's role within the Scheme.


The molecular arrangements in liquid state may be characterized by assignement of the number of nearest neighbors on each molecule, and distances between two nearest neighbors. The assumption is made on the distribution of distances r between the two nearest neighbors which does not take a definite value as in the crystalline state but is distributed over the region of [r(1+δ), r(1−δ)]. The partition function and state equation are deduced under these assumptions using proper values of δ expected by X-ray diffraction on liquid argon. The critical constants for a simple liquid are determined which agree well with experimental values. The condition for the equilibrium between liquid and solid crystalline states is obtained on the basic assumptions that the essential differences of liquid and solid states consist in the difference of values of δ and the number of nearest neighbors around each molecule. The calculated melting temperature, volume and entropy inerements by fusion and pressure dependences of the...


The developments after industrial revolution have brought environmental degradation to the stage as a threat to human security in the last few decades. It has become obvious that the shortage of natural resources or negative changes in environmental conditions may lead different forms of conflict between states. Since environmental degradation may directly or indirectly cause a conflict, it will have a significant impact on international security. This problem mostly challenges developing countries on the edge of making a choice between rapid industrialism and environmental conservation. This paper analyzes this challenge by discussing the details of it and offering both national and international level solutions. The zeal for economic growth, enclosure of land and knowledge, and disenfranchisement compose the major challenges for developing countries. There is no easy way to meet those challenges; however, this study offers regional economic integration by cooperation with regional environmental issues, the avoidance of politics leading degradation, dealing with disenfranchisement, environmental education, protection of global commons more seriously, and strict legislation and sanctions against environmental crimes as the steps against environmental threat.


Aluminum oxide nanofluids as a working fluid was applied for the heat transfer enhancement of a rectangular groove heat pipe and compared with a heat pipe that only used distillated water. The heat pipes had the same dimensions and were made of aluminum 6061. The dimensions were 135.6mm x17mm x 10.3mm respectively; the rectangular grooves consisted of 0.794mm of width and 1.587mm depth. The two heat pipes were tested individually and subjected to the same boundary conditions. One side of the heat pipe was in contact with a hot plate set at a constant temperature, and the other side was exposed to ambient conditions. One heat pipe was tested with distillated water and the other one with distilled water and nanofluids in a fraction of 1:10 in volume. According to the experiments results the performance of the heat pipe with the nanofluid as a working fluid was the most efficient. It was found that the heat transfer increased by 14.14% compared with the heat pipe that used distillated water only. It can be concluded that the heat transfer enhancement was due to the presence of the nanofluids that increased the effective thermal conductivity of the working fluid.


Objective:To investigate the working mechanism and the treatment effect of bad degree B viral hepatitis with a great dose of 654 2 associated with Yin Cheng Hao Tang.Methods: To choose 30 cases by chance from every group either the being studied group or the comparision group the study group was treated with an intravenous infusion of a great dose of 654 2(the used dose was 200~320 mg per day)and Yin Cheng Hao Tang.Results:The complications'incidence,for example, hepatic coma,hepatorenal syndrome HRS,bleeding and so on,in the being studied group was lower than the comparision group.The fatal rate of the comparision group was 60 percent,while the study group was 23 3 percent.These data were worked up by statistic method and the "P"datum gotten was smaller than 0 01.So the difference was distinct.Conclusion:A great dose of 654 2 associated with Yin Cheng Hao Tang can increase distinctly the cured rate of bad degree B viral hepatitis,lower the fatal incidence, and decrease the incidence of complications.


Question What are the effectiveness and safety of novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) compared with standard thromboprophylaxis after total hip replacement (THR) or total knee replacement (TKR)? Review scope Included English-language systematic reviews comparing NOACs (direct thrombin inhibitors or factor Xa inhibitors) with standard thromboprophylaxis (warfarin, low-molecular-weight heparin [LMWH], unfractionated heparin, or aspirin) in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of adults 18 years of age having elective THR or TKR. Primary outcomes were symptomatic deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and nonfatal pulmonary embolism (PE); secondary outcomes were mortality and major bleeding. Review methods MEDLINE, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (all 2009 to Mar 2013), and reference lists of reviews and guidelines were searched for systematic reviews. 6 reviews (5 to 43 included studies, mean age range 52 to 78 y, 45% to 84% women) met selection criteria; all were rated as good quality. A primary search found no additional RCTs published after the included reviews. Analyses focused on the 2 reviews with the most recent search dates, comprehensive analyses, and outcomes of interest. Main results The main results are in the Table. Conclusions After total hip or knee replacement surgery, factor Xa inhibitors reduce symptomatic deep venous thrombosis compared with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH); the direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran does not differ from LMWH. Novel oral anticoagulants do not differ from standard thromboprophylaxis for mortality, nonfatal pulmonary embolism, or bleeding. New oral anticoagulants (factor Xa inhibitors and dabigatran) vs low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) after total hip or knee replacement* Outcomes Number of trials (n) Weighted event rates At 5 to 13 wk Factor Xa LMWH RRR/RRI (95% CI) NNT (CI) Symptomatic DVT 18 (22877) 0.27% 0.58% RRR 54% (30 to 70) 322 (249 to 581) Nonfatal PE 20 (26998) 0.26% 0.25% RRI 7% (35 to 73) NS Mortality 11 (23838) 0.24% 0.25% RRR 5% (63 to 45) NS Major bleeding 21 (31424) 0.83% 0.66% RRI 27% (2 to 64) NS Dabigatran LMWH Symptomatic DVT 4 (10264) 0.39% 0.48% RRR 18% (299 to 83) NS Nonfatal PE 4 (10264) 0.20% 0.29% RRR 31% (54 to 69) NS Mortality 4 (10264) 0.08% 0.05% RRI 54% (62 to 533) NS Major bleeding 4 (10264) 1.2% 1.3% RRR 6% (52 to 42) NS *DVT = deep venous thrombosis; NS = not significant; PE = pulmonary embolism; other abbreviations defined in Glossary. RRR, RRI, NNT, and CI calculated from control event rates and odds ratios or relative risks in article using a random-effects model. Based on a review of 22 randomized controlled trials comparing oral factor Xa inhibitors with LMWH. Based on a review of 4 randomized controlled trials comparing dabigatran with enoxaparin. Commentary Unfractionated heparin, LMWH, fondaparinux, aspirin, warfarin, and NOACs are recommended options for thromboprophylaxis after THR or TKR (1). The rigorous systematic review by Adam and colleagues compared NOACs and LMWH, the most widely used thromboprophylaxis options after THR and TKR. NOACs seem to be at least as effective and safe as LMWH for thromboprophylaxis, with a minimal benefit for the oral factor Xa inhibitors for prevention of symptomatic DVT (number needed to treat 322). Inferences about the relative efficacy or safety of individual NOACs cannot be made because there were no head-to-head trials and, in the existing RCTs, the timing of postoperative NOAC initiation (6 to 8 h for dabigatran and rivaroxaban, 12 to 24 h for apixaban) and definitions of bleeding outcomes differed. For practicing clinicians, although NOACs may be appealing based on their proven efficacy and safety and ease of use, LMWH remains a reasonable alternative for thromboprophylaxis. Specifically, a regimen of twice-daily enoxaparin, 30 mg, is as effective as NOACs for TKR and may be considered for THR (2). Relative costs will also be a factor in prescribing. Further research is needed to determine the optimal timing of postoperative NOAC initiation to minimize bleeding, since peak action occurs 1 to 3 hours after intake. Moreover, improvements in surgical and anesthesia techniques and early postoperative mobilization have reduced the perioperative thrombogenic milieu, and this will prompt the reevaluation of less intensive thromboprophylaxis options, such as aspirin, after THR and TKR (3).


The problems caused by the occurrence of a heart disorder are great threats to the elderly. With the evolution of new mobile technologies and data transmission, the smartphone has become an ideal platform for the development of applications that can monitoring the person in order to be able to provide assistance if necessary. In order to transmit the real-time data of a cardiac sensor placed on the person to a smartphone, a communication medium is required which consumes preferably the least battery possible. In this article we use a new technology called ANT + that promises a very good rate of wireless transmission with low power consumption. We present a system that offers the doctor or the person in charge of the security of the elderly the possibility of recording different data concerning the person monitored. This data is used in a cardiac disorder detection algorithm, and allow our system to match any type of profile. In addition, we are implementing an Android application, which monitors real-time heartbeat transmitted from a belt using ANT + technology, and detects any heart problems.


Universal screening for behavioral and emotional risk is an important part of implementing multi-tiered behavioral supports in schools. The current study adds to our understanding of universal screening by examining teacher and student reports of behavioral and emotional risk. Participants included 73 fourth-grade students and 4 teachers in an urban school in the Midwestern United States. Correlations between the two informants ranged from moderate to large for the overall T-score, internalizing problems, and externalizing/self-regulation problems, but were not significant for personal adjustment/adaptive skills. Furthermore, the Behavioral and Emotional Screening System (BESS) Teacher Form (TF) showed concurrent and predictive validity with academic scores, whereas the BESS Student Form (SF) showed concurrent and predictive validity with measures of school climate. Results of this study indicate that teachers and students may provide unique information regarding student functioning.


Skopos theory for a long time remains the core of Functional School of translation. The major principle of Skopos theory is that translation should be processed from the perspective of the intended audiences. Its major theory structure makes it as the guiding principle of business English translation which requires communicative and social textual equivalence. Based on the analysis of Skopos theory and business English translation features, this paper focuses on developing business English translation strategies, particularly in the case of advertisement translation. It aims to play a positive role in promoting the research and practice of business English translation.


A novel thionine (TH) sensing platform was proposed based on immobilization of TH on a periodate-oxidized chitosan (CS) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface. Oxidation of CS by periodate can lead to the cleavage of carbon–carbon bonds on the pyranosidic ring of CS, with the generation of dialdehyde groups. TH, an electroactive mediator, was selected as a model of amine compounds to react with the aldehyde group via Schiff-base reaction. Due to the resulting aldehyde-enriched surface and covalent immobilization of TH on periodate-oxidized CS, the CS-grafted-TH showed a pronounced electrochemical response with high stability. The application of the fabricated TH sensing platform as a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor was also investigated and it exhibited a rapid response to H2O2 within 4 s. The linear calibration ranged from 1.0 × 10−5 to 1.83 × 10−3 M with a detection limit of 4.0 × 10−6 M.


da of pharmaceutical and diagnostics companies. Plus, the growth of personalised medicine, which aims to better target treatments to patients, is expected to increase the number of alliances between diagnostic and pharmaceutical businesses. This trend is evidenced by GlaxoSmithKline's July 2009 deal with Enigma, a British diagnostics company, to develop a new test which can diagnose specific strains of influenza, including swine flu, in just an hour.


In this letter, a low-impedance substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) bias line is proposed to suppress second and third harmonics in power amplifier. Such a bias line consists of a 4 low-impedance microstrip line and a shorted SIW that can operate as a radio frequency block and suppress any harmonic signals from entering the dc source. Since the frequency of the second harmonic components is lower than the inherent cutoff frequency of the SIW, second harmonic components are blocked. At the same time, third harmonic components are shorted by the shorted SIW. Measured results show that second and third harmonic components can be reduced by 25 dB and 13 dB, respectively, compared to the outcomes using conventional 4 high-impedance microstrip bias line. Also, both 1 dB compression point and power added efficiency are improved slightly.


The dissolution process of phenoxymethylpenicillin potassium tablets was monitored by fiber-optical-chemical sensor dissolution test system (FOCSDT).The recovery is in the range of 98.4%—101.1% with the RSD(n=6) within day and day-to-day of less than 5.0%.The parameters obtained by FOCSDT had no significant difference compared with the method in Ch.P2005(P0.05).The process analysis can reflect the real dissolution of drug and obtain the total information.


Atlas of Immunology, 2nd Edition, Edited by Julius M Cruse and Robert E Lewis, CRC, 835 pages, numerous illustrations, hardcover, ISBN No:0-8493-1567-0, A$170.00.


A letter I opened eight years ago profoundly changed my life, transforming me from professional journalist—an interviewer—into media interviewee, from private person to public activist. The letter, from a health insurance company to which I had applied for new medical coverage, announced that I had been rejected because of a "significant blood abnormality" revealed in the routine test required by the company. The "abnormality" turned out to be HIV. Today I am a 64-year-old advocate for the cause of older people who are HIV-infected, people who have been largely overlooked by AIDS policy makers and researchers, health care and social service providers, community leaders, and educators. Isolated and ignored, this senior population faces a double stigma: ageism and infection with a disease that is transmitted sexually or through injection drug use. Adults age 50 and older account for about 11 percent of AIDS cases in the United States, and those numbers are expected to increase as people of all ages survive longer due to combination drug therapy and other treatment advances. Significantly, many more mid-life and older people who are HIV-infected but who have not developed AIDS-defining illnesses are not included in available statistics. Between 1991 and 1996, AIDS cases among people age 50 and over increased by 22 percent compared to an increase of 9 percent among people between the ages of 13 and 49. In addition, while gay and bisexual men remained the largest risk group with AIDS among people age 50 and over, AIDS cases in older women that resulted from heterosexual contact more than doubled during this period.1 Adjusting to Life with HIV After my HIV diagnosis in 1991, my family and the few friends I told were as shocked as I was because I didn't fit an AIDS stereotype: I was not a gay man, I had never been an injection drug user, nor had I ever had a blood transfusion. I was, at the time of my diagnosis, a 55year-old career woman. I had lived a conventional, traditional life. I had been a virgin on my wedding night in early 1959, and I remained monogamous during 23 years of marriage. But, in the early 1980s, I was divorced and, for the first time in a quarter century, I was dating again. I didn't consider myself to be promiscuous. I didn't frequent singles bars. I went out with men my age, men I had known socially for some years and who, like me, had been married and were divorced. In those days, I knew little about HIV, only that a mysterious, fatal ailment was affecting the gay community. It didn't occur to me that I would put myself at risk by engaging in unprotected sex with an attractive, intelligent, amusing man of many interests, who had been a close friend my entire adult life. But at the end of 1985, at age 50, I became infected with HIV. Following my diagnosis in 1991, I withdrew. I did not have the courage to put myself in situations that might be painful— in which I might experience discrimination, rejection, or prejudice. I lived as a semirecluse, spending time mostly with family and friends, who were supportive, compassionate, and non-judgmental. Four years passed. I took antiviral drugs, and I was blessed: I stayed well and free of opportunistic infections. Yet, I remained shamed and humiliated, still hiding my infection from all but my confidants. During this time, I researched HIV and AIDS and read all I could find on the subHIV in People Over 50


The invention discloses an analogue display method and system of virtual terminals of an intelligent substation. The method comprises the following steps of: obtaining all GOOSE (Generic Object Oriented Substation Event) action states and all protection alarming information of a manufacture message specification (MMS) of the intelligent substation; calculating all the obtained GOOSE action statesand protection alarming information of the MMS in a station level so as to obtain an analogue state of the virtual terminals of the intelligent substation; determining an analogue diagram of the virtual terminals of the intelligent substation according to the analogue state of the virtual terminals of the intelligent substation; and displaying the selected diagram of the virtual terminals. In theanalogue display method and system of the virtual terminals of the intelligent substation, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the virtual terminals of a protection device and a secondary system are visually displayed on line in the condition that the intelligent substation is normally operated so that an operator can directly observe the virtual terminals. Therefore, the operator can know about whether the operation is accurate in time and the reliability of the operation is improved.


Expressions for charge density in non-homogeneous dielectric and ohmic conductors are very simple to derive, but are generally omitted even in relatively sophisticated textbooks. A deceptive situation for which basic laws seem to be violated in an ohmic conductor is highlighted.


Practice nurses have been ruled out of the registered nurse post on their local CCG governing body. Ana Selby suggests alternative ways that nurses can exert their influence on commissioning


A Ducci sequence generetad by A = (a1, a2, · · · , an) ∈ R is the sequence { A,DA,DA, · · · } where Ducci map D : R → R is defined by DA = D (a1, a2, · · · , an) = (|a2 − a1| , |a3 − a2| , · · · , |an − a1|) . In this study, we examine some properties of matrices C,DC,DC, where C = (c0, c1, · · · , cn−1) is a circulant matrix ,whose entries consist of Fibonacci numbers, and D denotes Ducci map.


The power electronic converters with fixed switching frequency causes electromagnetic propagation and creates severe harmonics with switching frequency and its multiples in the voltage and current. Presence of strong harmonics in current and in frequency range of human hearing makes the whistling noise that it is unpleasant for humans. Random pulsewidth modulation (RPWM) techniques reduce this harmonics and transforms the frequency spectrum from discrete mode to continuous. In other words, when using RPWM, in voltage spectrum almost all frequencies are excited. Voltage components may match the system resonance frequencies thus, they increase acoustic noise and vibration. In this paper a new RPWM technique is proposed that can create a gap in the noise spectrum at selective frequency to avoid system resonant frequencies being excited. In the following theoretical analysis, computer simulations, are presented.


This research provides an overview of the challenges towards realizing interactive (near) real-time control of industrial robots within the context of creative industries. Within this field, there an increasing interest in the use of industrial robots for non-standard fabrication, building upon accessible, flow-based visual programming environments.Where robotics middleware is focused on communication, these software tools focus primarily on computational geometry within design software, with the goal of enabling mass-customization and individualization by linking parametric design with toolpath generation and robot simulation.Realizing interactive processes within such environments is challenging, as they form directed dataflows minimizing opportunities for recursive applications and are limited to non-real-time capable operating systems. A series of realized projects is presented that benefits from the advanced geometrical methods provided by the creative industries' flow-based programming, while at the same time implementing strategies that enable cyclical dataflows and interaction. Novel software interfaces have allowed for fluent interaction with existing robot technologies, even from non-real-time capable environments.


In this paper, an observer-based decentralized event-triggered neuro-adaptive controller (DETNAC) is presented for complex uncertain nonlinear systems. Novelty of the study lies in the construction of the scheme and observer-based control design which uses artificial neural network (ANN), machine learning (polynomial regression), and nominal system dynamics along with Event-triggering. Event-triggering is based on actual system's performance parameter (tracking error) and although multiple uncertainties are considered but online estimation using advance techniques makes controller much robust and efficient. Proposed method not only provide estimation and tracking performance, but its two tunable gains provide filtering effect which helps to avoid transient high frequency oscillations. Lyapunov analysis is used for stability analysis and to develop event-triggering condition. Efficacy of the controller is demonstrated using a nonlinear numerical example of a chaotic complex system.


Abstract Kinetics of photodegradation of eight PAHs (naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, biphenyl, chrysene, benz[a]anthracene and tetracene) and five NPAHs (1–nitronaphthalene, 2–nitrofluorene, 9–nitroanthracene, 1–nitropyrene and 6–nitrochrysene) was studied in isooctane and dichloromethane solutions standing in a laboratory and in a light simulator. Samples were stored in closed glass vials and fused silica cuvettes. PAHs and NPAHs were divided into three groups according to their life times. Degradation of all PAHs and NPAHs was faster in dichloromethane compared with isooctane. Decomposition of NPAHs was easier than degradation of corresponding parent PAHs. The most frequent photoproducts were quinones, benzoic acid and other derivatives with hydroxyl, carbonyl and carboxyl groups for both PAHs and NPAHs. Chlorinated compounds were identified in dichloromethane. Degradation intermediates underwent further oxidation, fragmentation, reduction or radical chlorine addition in dichloromethane. Final degradation products of all PAHs were n–alkanes. Based on GC–MS data the mechanism of photoproducts formation was proposed.


The peristaltic motion of a Carreau fluid in an asymmetric channel with partial slip is studied under long wave length and low Reynolds number assumptions which are also used to solve the problem. Applying perturbation technique, the expressions for stream function, axial velocity, axial pressure gradient, pressure rise, shear stress and frictional forces have been obtained. The effects of various emerging parameters on the flow characteristics are shown and discussed with the help of graphs. The pumping is examined for different wave forms. The results of the current paper reveal that the size of the trapping bolus increases by Carreau fluid (n=0.398) to Newtonian fluid (n=1). Keywords— peristaltic transport, asymmetric channel, Weissenberg number, partial slip, shear stress, trapping, different wave forms.


We have explored the major technical and conceptual issues relating to the suitability of a diode-pumped solid state laser as a driver for an inertial fusion energy power plant. While solid state lasers have long served as the workhorse of inertial confinement fusion physics studies, the deployment of a driver possessing adequate efficiency, reliability, and repetition rate for inertial fusion energy requires the implementation of several technical innovations discussed in this article.


Trust is one of the most important means to improve the reliability of computing resources provided in cloud environment and it plays an important role in commercial cloud environments. Trust is the estimation of capability of a cloud resource in completing a task based on reputation, identity, behavior, and availability in the context of distributed environment. It helps customer in the selection of appropriate resources in heterogeneous cloud infrastructure. The cloud computing depends on the following QoS parameters such as reliability, availability, scalability, security and past behavior of the cloud resources. This paper introduces a novel trust model to evaluate cloud resources of IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) providers by means of Trust Resource Broker. The Trust Resource Broker selects trustworthy cloud resources based on the requirements of customer. The proposed trust model evaluates the trust value of the resources based on the identity as well as behavioral trust. The proposed model applies the QoS metrics suitable for cloud resources. The results of the experiments show that the proposed trust model selects the most reliable resources in cloud environment.


The Jurassic on the Altun slope has been the key target for the gradual development of oil and gas in the western Qaidam Basin.The assessment on the hydrocarbon-generating potential of the Jurassic source rock is seriously restricted by little outcrop,few wells to the targeted formation,less survey ground work,being short of related data,and so on.Therefore,according to the field profile survey and drilling data on the Altun slope,this paper investigated the distribution characteristics of Jurassic source rocks.The outcrop of source rocks was discovered in the Mountain Yueya for the first time.Through those geochemical parameters such as organic carbon content,organic micro-component,pyrolysis,the elemental composition of the kerogen,the stable carbon isotope quality of individual hydrocarbon,the infra-red spectrum of the kerogen,biomarker characters of saturated hydrocarbon,etc.,the rock sample's organic abundance,types,maturity,and evolution were comprehensively analyzed to assess on its hydrocarbon-generating potential. In this case of study,the results are as follows: ①the thickness of the Jurassic source rock is becoming thinner and thinner from North Mountain Yueya to Mountain Heishi,while the source rock in the northeastern and northwestern front of the Altun is relatively thick;②the Jurassic grey mudstone is medium-bad source rock for its ordinary abundance of organic matters,but the mudstones in the northern Mountain Yueya and Mountain Heishi may be relatively good source rocks;③the organic matters of the rock samples may be type Ⅱ2 or type Ⅲ,most of which are at the high-maturity or over-maturity stage.


The invention relates to a suction stage (12) for a pump (10) with centrifugal wheel, the suction stage (12) comprising a rotary inductor (18) having a hub (20) and disposed upstream of the centrifugal wheel (14), the suction stage (12) further comprising a rectifier (34) disposed between the inductor (18) and the centrifugal impeller (14), the rectifier (34) comprising a plurality of blades (36) .L'invention is characterized in that the hub (20) has a downstream surface (20b) extending axially converge toward the centrifugal wheel, and in that the blades (36) of the rectifier ( 34) have free ends, said blades projecting radially toward said downstream surface so that the free ends of the blades are flush with said downstream surface (20b).


Abstract: Reliability, performance, and life cycle costs are real concerns for almost all in-service massive structures, such as buildings, bridges, nuclear facilities, hydroelectric structures, and dams. Cracks on these structures are a common phenomenon associated with various internal and external forces, including the corrosion of embedded reinforcement, chemical deterioration of concrete, and the application of adverse loading to the structure. In comparison to the traditional manual inspection-based crack detection system, computer vision and machine learning-based approaches are quickly becoming an integral part of the modern segmentation of civil infrastructures to automate crack detection and identification systems. The project is about the construction and application of a device that uses image processing to detect cracks. The system has a graphical user interface for initializing the device, viewing real time image, taking pictures of a crack, measuring its width, and evaluating if safe or unsafe.