Accurate recognition of the opponent's intentions is necessary for multi-robot systems in dynamic environments to gain a competitive advantage.This paper presents a quadratic estimation method for intention recognition using behavior series and rules for real-time decision making.The three decision-making criteria of environmental restrictions,dangers and behavior probability were applied to sort multiple intentions to ensure accurate recognition.The method was validated in robosoccer systems.


The present invention relates to novel compounds of formula (I) or (II), pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods of use thereof. These novel compounds provide a treatment or prevention of H. Pylori infection.


In the past several years, increasing emphasis has been placed on the role of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) as an important aspect of job performance. OCB is defined as employee behavior that contributes to organizational performance, but that is not formally specified as an aspect of the job. While OCB is likely to be an important element in the performance of most jobs, it is suggested that there are a sizeable number of jobs where OCB is neither desired nor encouraged. These jobs are described as being "Taylorist" in recognition of Frederick Taylor's work advocating strict employee adherence to pre-specified job procedures. Several features are described that distinguish Taylorist jobs where OCB is likely to be harmful rather than beneficial. Implications that Taylorist jobs have with regard to employee selection are also discussed, and two empirical studies are described that illustrate how Taylorist jobs differ from jobs were OCB is more valued in terms of the relationships found between employee characteristics and job performance. Specifically, it appears that several candidate characteristics that one would theoretically expect to be negatively associated with OCB are positively associated with performance and tenure in Taylorist jobs.


acter of those Germans who were adjacent to Gauls. The wild Germans of his ethnographic description are those of the interior, particularly the Suebi, who dominate the Germano-Celts of the Rhine lands (iv, 3, 4). As a practical proposition there were no 'pure Celts', i.e. Gauls in Caesar's sense, east of the Rhine, and no ' wild Germans' west of it. The Rhine was the effective boundary. The motive attributed by W. for this supposed falsification—justification of the Rhine boundary—is hard to understand. It would make better sense if Caesar's enemies were insisting that the conquest should be extended east of the Rhine. Besides, Caesar did not limit Roman interests to the west bank. He emphatically rejects in iv, 16, the claim of the Usipetes that the Rhine was the boundary of the Roman imperium. Walser has set himself out to prove that all Caesar's statements about the habits and life of the Germans are either false or derived from previous literary sources. He can see no middle way between absolute truth and falsehood, between historical bias and garbled history. The basic weakness lies in his approach to the nature of the Commentaries, and his failure to consider the circumstances of their composition. Just how and when did Caesar set about his fabrications ? Are we to imagine him travelling round with a library of rolls, digging out his information like an Alexandrine scholar ? If the fabrication were deliberate, the joints could have easily been made much less obvious. If the purpose of the books were immediate and political, there remains the mystery of the apparently unfinished condition of the work. What one really learns from Walser is the great difficulty that faced the ablest Roman general of discovering exact information about the remoter barbarians, as indeed Caesar remarked explicitly about Britain.


This paper firstly introduces DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) and its applicability for analyzing commercial banks' efficiency, and then we apply this method to carry out empirical research on top five American banks and four Chinese banks. We find merger and acquisition (M&A) has greater impact on banking efficiency of Chinese banks than that of American banks. Furthermore, the non-market oriented M&A bring some negative effects to banking efficiency of Chinese banks. M&A usually becomes the burden of the acquiring bank. Finally, we briefly put forward some M&A suggestion for Chinese banking industry to improve the banking efficiency based on the empirical conclusion. Key words: bank M&A, banking efficiency, Date Envelopment Analysis


I. INTRODUCTION On December 1, 2000, the United States District Court for the Northern District of California adopted pioneering and innovative Patent Local Rules. (1) The idea of having separate Patent Local Rules first surfaced in 1994. Chief Judge Thelton Henderson appointed advisory committees to study and make recommendations on revisions to the existing local rules so that they would be aligned with amendments which had been made to the national rules. (2) Due in large part to the growth of the electronics industry in the Silicon Valley, a relatively large number of patent infringement cases were pending in the District. (3) Many of these cases involved complexities unique to patent cases. (4) Judge Henderson appointed District Judge Ronald Whyte to Chair an advisory committee to determine whether the District should adopt a set of local rules specifically addressing patent cases. The advisory committee determined that separate patent local rules would be extremely helpful and recommended a set of rules. The Court approved the rules and published them for public comment. With relatively few changes, the rules were adopted and became effective on January 1, 2001.5 In the years following their adoption, other districts have determined to adopt patent local rules, many of which utilized the original Northern District Patent Local Rules as a template. (6) The Northern District's Patent Local Rules, and others patterned after them, have been enforced in district court cases and have been cited approvingly by the Federal Circuit. (7) Part II describes the civil justice reform environment which gave rise to the Patent Local Rules, including a United States Supreme Court decision on patent infringement proceedings, which was issued while the Rules were under development. Part III details the procedures required by the original patent local rules and how they are affected by a 2008 amendment. Part IV discusses the Federal Circuit's endorsement of the Northern District's patent local rules, as well as the influence the rules have had on other district courts. This part also describes the adoption of patent local rules in other jurisdictions that are substantially similar to those of the Northern District. As discussed in Part V, the Northern District's Patent Local Rules have taken on national significance. Part V discusses whether the wide-spread use and benefit of the Northern District's Patent Local Rules demonstrate the need for formal adoption of Federal Rules of Patent Procedures for United States District Courts. Tables are provided at the end of this article which compare key provisions of the Northern District's original rules with patent local rules from five other district courts. II. THE SOCIAL AND LEGAL MANDATES THAT TRIGGERED THE ADOPTION OF PATENT LOCAL RULES IN THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA A. Local Rules in the Northern District (1977-1990) As discussed in detail in Section III, the Northern District Patent Local Rules regulate the procedure to be followed in patent infringement cases from the time that a complaint is filed up to a claim construction hearing before the court. The Rules may be summarized as containing three elements: (1) cooperation--parties are required to confer to develop a case schedule and to make joint submissions; (2) disclosure--parties are required to make timely disclosures of their legal contentions and provide supporting documentation; and (3) judicial management--the assigned judge becomes involved in the case early and may actively supervise the process leading up to the claim construction hearing. (8) As the following discussion indicates, these three elements of the Patent Local Rules are a consequence of civil litigation reform developments within the Northern District itself, and nation-wide reform mandates which accompanied the development of the Patent Local Rules. Prior to the adoption of its innovative Patent Local Rules, the Northern District of California had earned a reputation among practitioners and scholars for innovative programs and procedures which were built on these same three elements. …


The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of entrepreneurial initiatives, entrepreneurial education, and entrepreneurial culture on enterprise innovation and economic development. The research was driven by the fact that entrepreneurship is a remarkable force which drives the enterprise growth, societal development, and economic development of a nation. The research adopted the social exchange theory and the economic theory as the basis of the literature. Primary data were used, collected from people engaged in entrepreneurship in Russia. The study used quantitative research method, where empirical data were analyzed using Structural equation modelling (SEM). The findings of the study indicated that entrepreneurship initiatives, entrepreneurship education, and entrepreneurship culture have a significant effect on enterprise innovation. However, only entrepreneurship culture was found to have a direct effect on economic development, but entrepreneurial education and initiatives have indirect effects through enterprise innovation. Enterprise innovation was found to have significant effect on economic development. The research recommended that stakeholder should emphasize creating an entrepreneurial culture to encourage enterprise innovation and economic development. The search also advocates for providing entrepreneurs with the resources, support, and incentives to start businesses in addition to adopting policies that enable and facilitate enterprise innovation, both domestically and internationally, to boost their economic development.


Miaofalianhuajing Shiwen,the annotations of Miaofalianhuajing,is a very significant writing composed by a Japanese scholar.It was finished in A.D 976.This book involves various problems,such as characters,phonology and exegetics,so there are great values for the language research.The research value of phonology in Miaofalianhuajing Shiwen will be revealed in this paper.We will give some examples such as stress,weak stress,and changing the pronunciation because of taboo to discuss these problems initially.


This memo describes the equations used in the IRAM-30m HERA time/sensitivity estimator available on the IRAM-30m web page. A large part of the memo aims at describing the peculiarities of time/sensitivity estimation of the On-The-Fly observing mode with a multi-pixel like HERA. It explains how to generalize the equations of the single pixel case, so that the same code can be used in both cases (single and multi-pixel).


Debate exists about the effects of hydrological variation on food web dynamics and the relative importance of different sources of organic carbon fuelling food webs in floodplain rivers. Stable carbon isotope analyses and ecological stoichiometry were used to determine the basal sources in dry season macroinvertebrate food webs in two floodplain river systems of Australia's wet-dry tropics that have contrasting flow regimes. Algae, associated with phytoplankton and biofilm, were the primary food source, potentially contributing > 55% organic carbon to the biomass of a wide range of primary and secondary consumers. However, many consumers assimilated other sources in addition to algae, e.g. detritus from local C3 riparian vegetation. Food webs were characterised by substantial flexibility in the number and types of sources identified as important, which was indicative of generalist feeding strategies. These findings suggest 'dynamic stability' in the food webs, which imparts resilience against natural disturbances like flow regime seasonality and variation in hydrological connectivity. This adaptation may be characteristic of macroinvertebrate assemblages in highly seasonal river systems or in those with high levels of flow variability. Additional key words: Algae, terrestrial detritus, carbon: nitrogen, macroinvertebrates, hydrological connectivity, Gulf of Carpentaria Introduction Food web analysis helps improve our understanding of ecosystem function by revealing the key sources of organic matter that fuel metazoan consumers (Thorp et al. 1998). In river systems, a number of conceptual models emphasise the relative importance of different forms and origins of organic matter in driving aquatic food webs, depending upon on the type of system for which each model was developed (e.g. Vannote et al. 1980; Junk et al. 1989; Thorp and Delong 1994). Despite the disparate predictions from


The combustion system is a large inertia, pure delay, nonlinear distributed parameter system. The control effect of PID regulator and dual cross limiting PID control in the combustion system is not satisfactory; the conflict of the overshoot and response time can not be resolved with relatively poor anti-interference ability of the system. In the control of the roaster, by adopting the method of combining dual cross limiting control and fuzzy control, we use Siemens S7-400 to achieve dual cross limiting and fuzzy control, meanwhile get a better control effect.


The main aim of this graduate thesis is to show the ocurrence mechanism of lumbar lordosis induced by sedentary lifestyle. The aim is to facilitate the understanding of lumbar lordosis problems with methodical approach and to provide quality and targeted prevention approach. By examining specific muscle groups responsible for the neutral position of the pelvis and the lumbar spine, we can apply targeted exercises for the purpose of prevention.


68 Enhancing nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in crop plants is an important breeding target 69 to reduce excessive use of chemical fertilizers, with substantial benefits to farmers and the 70 environment. In Arabidopsis thaliana , allocation of more NO 3- to shoots was associated with 71 higher NUE, however, the commonality of this process across plant species have not been 72 sufficiently studied. Two Brassica napus genotypes were identified with high and low NUE. 73 We found that activities of V-ATPase and V-PPase, the two tonoplast proton-pumps, were 74 significantly lower in roots of the high-NUE genotype (Xiangyou15) than in the low-NUE 75 genotype (814); and consequently, less vacuolar NO 3- was retained in roots of Xiangyou15. 76 Moreover, NO 3- concentration in xylem sap, [ 15 N] shoot:root (S:R) and [NO 3- ] S:R ratios 77 were significantly higher in Xiangyou15. BnNRT1.5 expression was higher in roots of 78 Xiangyou15 compared with 814, while BnNRT1.8 expression was lower. In both B. napus 79 treated with proton pump inhibitors or Arabidopsis mutants impaired in proton pump activity, 80 vacuolar sequestration capacity (VSC) of NO 3- in roots substantially decreased. Expression of 81 NRT1.5 was up-regulated, but NRT1.8 was down-regulated, driving greater NO 3- 82 long-distance transport from roots to shoots. NUE in Arabidopsis mutants impaired in proton 83 pumps was also significantly higher than in the wild type col-0. Taken together, these data 84 suggest that decrease in VSC of NO 3- in roots will enhance transport to shoot and essentially 85 contribute to higher NUE by promoting NO 3- allocation to aerial parts, likely through 86 coordinated regulation of NRT1.5 and NRT1.8 .


The electrolysis treatment of the hydrothermal-electrochemical method has been modified so that it permits SrTiO_3 thin films to be grown on Ti electrodes being oxidized anodically in Sr(OH)_2 solutions far beyond a thickness limit of several tens of nanometers hitherto attained. The relation between the total current passed through the Ti anode and the amount of the resulting SrTiO_3 film was analyzed on the basis of a reaction model that interprets the anodic current to be compensated with electrons generated partly by oxidation of Ti and partly by decomposition of H_2O. Current efficiency for the film growth was estimated to be in the range from 0.8 to 3% depending on the Ti electrode potential.


The use of French in Piers Plowman shows a predictable orientation toward social relations, ethics, religion, law, and rhetoric; it can signal politeness, pretension, and hypocrisy. But it is not all easily explicable - what do we make of the fact that 'Piers' seems in late medieval England to be rather a rare name? In general, however, Langland's decision to write in English and his irreverential manipulation of anything approaching 'sources' means the constant occlusion of the poem's many French referents. Nevertheless, insofar as the poem does invoke other texts and traditions (French or otherwise), this invariably raises questions with larger social, institutional, structural, and discursive implications.


Objective:To probe the effect of a Chinese compound recipe of Nourishing Yin and Reducing Heat and prednisone on autoantibodies of serum for Lupus Mice. Methods:Firstly MRL/LPR female lupus mice were treated by the different ways,then extracted serum,and finally nucleosomes antibody、ANA and dsDNA antibody were detected by indirect ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence.Results:We found those had statistical significance in reducing nucleosomes antibodies,including that the Western medicine group was better than the Chinese medicine group,the Chinese Western medicine group was better than the Control group,the Chinese Western medicine group was better than the Chinese medicine group and the Western medicine group was better than the Control group;The discrepancy that the Western medicine group was better than the Chinese medicine group had statistical significance in improving dsDNA antibodies;The discrepancy that the Western medicine group was better than The Chinese medicine groud and the Western medicine group was better than the Control group had statistical significance in improving ANA.Conclusion:Corticosteroid hormone shows strongly anti-inflammatory and reduce obviously autoantibodies,The traditional Chinese medicine has nothing to do with decreasing autoantibodies being related to Lupus Mice.The recipe of Nourishing Yin and Reducing Heat and prednisone have possibly synergistic effect in treating SLE so as to reach the same therapy result using less dosage of corticosteroid hormone.


A diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) epoxy resin was modified with 15 wt% of poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) and cured with a stoichiometric amount of 4,4′-diamino diphenyl methane (DDM). The reactive mixture was cured in a heated mold with different gradients of temperature. Temperature profiles in the mold were imposed by generation of a heat flux from the base, supported on a hot plate, and the top, cooled with water; they were measured along the mold. Depending on the thermal history in each position of the mold, the competition between the phase-separation process and reaction kinetics produces opaque or transparent zones. Phase separation can also occur in the postcure process while the gelation does not take place before. Therefore, a thermoset plate with gradient of morphology and properties was obtained. Mass fractions of PMMA dissolved in the matrix were calculated with the Fox equation from glass transition temperatures measured along the mold. They were related to morphologies developed during curing. The superposition of the phase diagrams with the conversion-temperature trajectories during cure permitted an explanation of the morphology gradients generated.


These are two publications of material from Mycenaean chamber tombs excavated in rescue work in Achaean cemeteries, both at potentially important sites, but one considerably better documented than the other. The tombs at Aigion, an east Achaean coastal site with a long history that was probably the most prominent settlement of its region, are four of a larger cemetery (at least 15 tombs are known), which were excavated by the late E. Mastrokostas while ephor.


The expected value operator is a widely used defuzzifier on fuzzy numbers. It treats each $\alpha$-cut equally. In theory and applications, it is often necessary to reflect the differences of the importance of the $\alpha$-cuts. To this aim, we introduce the weighted expected value operators from fuzzy numbers to □, which allow weighting the $\alpha$-cuts. It's shown that the weighted expected value operators are defuzzifiers and that they are additive and scale invariant. Furthermore, we investigate the continuity of the weighted expected value operators according to two types of hyperspace metrics: the sendograph metric and the endograph metric, respectively.


Marxist societies were experiments not only in destratification but also in openness and cohesion. Of all relationships a political regime might use to create 'friendship between classes: those among neighbours may be most prone to manipulation. We examine how relationships among neighbours in the former GDR were affected by the regime's housing policy of mixing people of different classes. Our retrospective data were collected in May 1992 (n = 189) and in April 1993 (n = 300) among two random samples of respondents in Leipzig and Dresden. While the communist regime was very successful at creating neighbourhoods of mixed social composition, its housing policy failed to create friendship between classes. Meeting did not lead to mating: next-door neighbours were socially distinct and hardly socialized with each other. The few existing ties in the neighbourhood were largely restricted to similar others. We understand these shallow and homogeneous neighbourhood networks as the unintended effect of the party's political control of private life: one would be unlikely to invest in relations that posed a threat and with individuals one did not trust, such as neighbours, who were dissimilar to oneself and who, because they lived next-door, knew about one's private life as well. Analysis shows furthermore that being a neighbour and having a dissimilar occupation increases the chance of being distrusted.


At the beginning of the establishmen t of Chinese modern curriculum syste m appeared the problem of relationship between symbol and cur riculum and later with the quickenin g of educational practice reform,it became apparent again.The relationship between symbol and curriculum not only plays a deep and extensive role in the construction of curriculum theory a nd the formation of curriculum structure,but also is of great value to the coor-dination of educational reform and c ultural development,and to the construction of basic educational theory.Af-fecting by different kinds of force,modern curriculum theory is turning to a new perspective and the enlighte nment of culture research also enriches the k nowledge resources for educational theory,which is of positive signifi cance to the further study of the relationship between symbol,knowledge and curricu lum.


For a graph G, let σ2(G) denote the minimum degree sum of a pair of nonadjacent vertices. We conjecture that if |V(G)| = n = Σki = 1 ai and σ2(G) ≥ n + k - 1, then for any k vertices v1, v2,…, vk in G, there exist vertex-disjoint paths P1, P2,…, Pk such that |V(Pi)| = ai and vi is an endvertex of Pi for 1 ≤ i ≤ k. In this paper, we verify the conjecture for the cases where almost all ai ≤ 5, and the cases where k ≤ 3. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Graph Theory 34: 163–169, 2000


In order to investigate the effects of autophagy on proliferation inhibition in human U251 glioma cells irradiated by X-rays,WST-1 colorimetric assay,MDC staining and LC3 Immunohistochemistry were used. It has been found that X-rays can decrease the viability of U251 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner by WST-1 colorimetric assay and induce autophagy in U251 cells confirmed by MDC staining and LC3 immunoreactivty. The results showed that X-rays could inhibit the proliferation significantly and induced autophagy of U251 cells.


The purpose of this project was to provide a toolbox for transit systems with an overview of the procedures and guidelines needed to conduct transit incident investigations. This toolbox does not replace existing federally offered training courses, but rather is intended to assist transit systems in implementing and complying with state requirements and best practices associated with bus transit safety and security incidents. This toolbox provides an overview of what to do when an incident occurs and outlines the transit system's role in conducting an investigation. The objective of the Bus Transit Incident Investigation Toolbox is to provide transit systems with an overview of the procedures and guidelines needed to conduct transit incident investigations. The Toolbox contains a DVD with a 42-minute video and a pocket guide that provides transit systems with an overview of the responsibilities, procedures, and guidelines on how to conduct transit incident investigations.


The Smithsonian's National Museum of the American Indian building on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., has a significant problem with dark staining on its facade. This volume brings together papers from studies undertaken by the Smithsonian's Museum Conservation Institute to understand the staining problem, suggest procedures for the 2011 cleaning intervention, and propose test studies for the development of a maintenance plan for the building.  Sledge, Jane, A. Elena Charola, Paula T. DePriest, and Robert J. Koestler.  Smithsonian Contributions to Museum Conservation , number 6, viii + 66 pages, 56 figures, 5 tables, 2017.


The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of works on digital library evaluation that included data:construct that were evaluated; context in which evaluation were conducted;criteria that were chosen as a basis for evaluation, and methods that were used. Evaluation of digital libraries is not widely practiced. The corpus in this analysis represents the majority of efforts in digital library evaluation that contain data. Conclusions, among others, speculate as to the reasons for a relatively low presence of evaluation in digital library research and practice. Introduction To Digital Libraries: Digital libraries have a short history. While a discussion about digital libraries, under various names, started in the 1960s, it wasn"t till the start or even mid of 1990s that the research, development and practice related to digital libraries really took off. The growth was phenomenal. Bernie Hurley the Director for Library Technologies at U.C.Berkeley ,has drawn the distinction between Traditional Library Automation and Digital Libraries.Hurley notes that "Digital Libraries are different in that they are designed to support the creation,maintenance,management,access to,and preservation of digital contents."The emergence of digital library mirrors the growth of e-learning(or distance learning) as the virtual alternative to traditional school attendance. Hundreds of research projects were devoted to great many aspects of digital libraries in great many countries, and more are reported each year. Everything about digital libraries is explosive, except one thing: evaluation.The literature that reports evaluation (with data) is not large, because there are not that many evaluation efforts around. The proceedings of the two major conferences on digital libraries, the European Conference on Digital Libraries (ECDL) and the Joint ACM/IEEE Conference on Digital libraries (JCDL), year in year out contain no more than 5% or so of papers or posters that have data pertaining to evaluation of whatever aspect of digital libraries. The overall research literature on digital libraries has even lesser percent devoted to evaluation containing data. The literature on digital library evaluation can be divided in two distinct types: 1. meta or "about" literature: works that suggest evaluation concepts, models, approaches, methodologies or discuss evaluation, but do not contain data 2. object or "on" literature: works that report on actual evaluation and contain data; even data reporting is of two kinds: hard data or soft (sort-of) data (impressions). Academic Digital Library: When digital libraries were introduced to academic world methods for education are becoming more advanced with more complexity, faster, simpler and reliable. Witten & Bainbridge (2003) pointed out that academic digital libraries have their own purpose, research and education.Academic digital libraries are those libraries that serve the information needs of students and faculty of the college and universities.The importance of academic libraries can be seen from the need of students using it a source of information to enhance their knowledge in desired field.By definition, academic digital library plays a very crucial role in bridging students, academicians and researchers" needs on information in this boundary less information seeking era.Academic digital library may indeed support academic and intellectually try hard towards the journey of not only simply for information seeking but also for exploring, researching and growing their knowledge via adapting the information systems and human-computer-interaction technologies. Evaluation to Academic Digital Library: This definition implies that evaluation specify what is the research process (metrics and procedures)?, what is the phenomenon (its mission, and salient characteristics)?, and the context(s) in which the phenomenon operates.Evaluation has both theoretical and practical impact in information science.Theoretical constructs such as information needs, relevance, and information transfer are debated and assessed regularly, and metrics for assessing system development and operation are crucial to continued progress in practice. Four classes of evaluation objects were defined: learners, teachers, the technical system, and the content. Objectives of Digital Library:  Gain access to the holdings of libraries worldwide through automated catalogs.  Locate both physical and digitized variation of scholarly articles and books. Evaluation Of Academic Digital Libraries DOI: 10.9790/0837-2110014652 www.iosrjournals.org 47 | Page  Optimize searches,simultaneously search the internet,commercial databases and library collection.  Save search results and conduct additional processing to narrow or quality results.  From search results,click through to access the digitized content or locate additional items of interest. The NSF in the United States has joined with the JISC in the United Kingdom to sponsor a major research program called "Digital Libraries and the classroom:Test-beds for Transforming Teaching and Learning ". This program will promote the use of large scale,distributed digital content and advanced networking technologies for learning. Five basic steps for Evaluation of Academic Digital Library : 1. Identify the decisions that you or others involved in your digital library enterprise must make. 2. Identify the questions that need to be addressed to inform the pending decisions. 3. Identify the evaluation methods and instruments that will be used to collect the information needed to address these questions. 4. Carry out the evaluation in a manner that is as effective and efficient as possible. 5. Report the evaluation results in an accurate and timely manner so that it can provide the information you and others need to make the best possible decisions. Planing of Evaluation: An evaluation plan should reveal the what, how, when where and other technical and logistical requirements of an evaluation. It provides a means of keeping the decisions, questions, and methods involved in an evaluation open to review and enhancement by all stakeholders. In addition to enabling the support of stakeholders, the process of preparing a plan helps you understand the size and scope of an evaluation project. You need this understanding to establish a meaningful time-line and a reasonable budget for the evaluation. The first step in the planning process is identifying the decisions that the evaluation should inform. What kinds of questions should you address? Suppose your evaluation is focused on decisions about the types of services that your digital library should include. Some of the questions that might be addressed are: • What services are offered by other digital libraries? • What services have patrons of your digital library requested? • What services would your patrons be willing to pay for? • What services would require external funding? What kinds of methods should you use? There are numerous evaluation methods (e.g., usability testing) and even more specific data collection strategies (e.g., keystroke analysis) that can be used within any given method.A better strategy might be: • conduct a series of focus groups with teachers, administrators, and parents about the pros and cons of open searching by middle school students, • review the policies established by a representative sample of school districts concerning Internet access by students, and • review the professional library literature concerning recommendations for Internet search policies and procedures. How should an evaluation plan be organized? We will be organize your evaluation plan using the following sections: • Introduction • Background • Stakeholders • Purposes • Decisions • Questions • Methods • Sample • Instrumentation • Limitations • Logistics • Budget Some important terms related to Evaluation: Evaluation Of Academic Digital Libraries DOI: 10.9790/0837-2110014652 www.iosrjournals.org 48 | Page Service Evaluation: Service evaluation within a traditional library system is focused on evaluating how effective a library is in carrying out its mission (Marchionini,2000). For a digital library, the focus is very much the same: How is the digital library carrying out its mission and providing service to its users? Anyone involved in digital libraries knows that this sounds much simpler than it is. Whereas librarians working in a physical library can see users, request feedback, and observe interactions with various service functions, people who work with digital libraries lack these opportunities. Nonetheless, as described below, there are effective strategies that can be used for service evaluation in the virtual environment of digital libraries. How do you do a service evaluation? It might taking some working steps which are given below: Step 1: Identify the different service attributes for which you want user input. For our example some attributes might include: • Number of hours reference librarian is available for live help • Method of communication between librarian and patron (i.e., online chat, email, or telephone?) • Price users are willing to pay to have a live reference librarian Surveys typically begin with easy questions, to help focus the participant on the subject at hand, before moving into the more "thought provoking" questions. You may want to begin your survey with questions that gather demographic information (e.g., age, position, etc.) or information about the respondent"s knowledge of or use of the digital library. Step 4: Administer survey, analyze results, and present findings. The final steps in conducting a multi-attribute, stated-preference survey would be to administer it to the relevant group of people, analyze the results, and present your findings to the decision makers in a timely manner. Today, many surveys are administered over the WWW. This seems particularly appropriate if you are surveying typical users of a digit


This paper presents closed-form expressions for delay optimization in CMOS DCVSL circuits. It also introduces a method of estimating the delay and energy in such circuits. The results reported in this paper based on our technique are in good agreement with HSPICE simulation results.


Digital start-up is one part of the creative economy that is currently growing rapidly in Malang town. Looking at this rapidly changing environment in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0, it is important for digital start-ups to improve dynamic capabilities. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of design thinking and entrepreneurial orientation on dynamic digital start-up capabilities. A total of 100 start-up actors have been selected as research samples. Quantitative data collected through questionnaires were analyzed using PLS analysis. The results showed that both design thinking and market orientation had a great influence on dynamic digital start-up capabilities. The strongest factor in the design thinking is the emphatize process so that the ability of start-ups to feel the environment and understand customer needs and market dynamics better than competitors. While the strongest factor in entrepreneurship is the courage to act to achieve goals so that start-ups are able to face market competition. Suggestions for further research is need to focus on two weaknesses factors, there are, the process of ideas in conducting design thinking and the lack of initiative in initiating innovative actions, because the innovation today is urgently needed to win the market competition.


The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re-evaluated the maximum concentration at the work place (MAK value) of glycerol [56-81-5], considering the endpoints irritation of the respiratory tract and developmen- tal toxicity. Since 2014, the Commission uses an empirical approach to set MAK values for substances with critical effects on the upper respiratory tract or the eyes. However, examination of the study re-sults showed that this approach does not apply for glycerol, because glycerol is not an eye irritant and the minimal to slight metaplasia of the squamous epithelium of the larynx seen in rats at 662 mg/m 3 with glycerol aerosol is not interpreted as adverse. The response does not increase with the exposure duration. Therefore, the MAK value is raised to 200 mg glycerol/m 3 for the inhalable fraction. Peak Limitation Category I for local effects with an excursion factor of 2 is retained, as the effect is hardly concentration-dependent, a sensory irritation is not known, and glycerol is, if at all, only slightly irritating to the eye. After scaling the oral NOAELs for developmental toxicity of 1310, 1280 and 1180 mg/kg body weight and day for rats, mice, and rabbits, respectively, to a concentration at the work place (2293, 1280, and 3442 mg/m 3 ), the differences to the MAK value are considered so large, that there is no reason to fear damage to the embryo or foetus when the MAK value is observed. The classification in Pregnancy Risk Group C is therefore retained. In a study, similar to OECD Test Guideline 414, of the toxic effects on prenatal de-velopment in Wistar rats, CD-1 mice and Dutch Belted rabbits, groups of 25 to 29 female rats and mice were given gavage doses of glycerin from days 6 to 15 of gestation. The rats received 0, 13.1, 60.8, 282 or 1310 mg/kg body weight and day and the mice 0, 12.8, 59.6, 275 or 1280 mg/kg body weight and day. Groups of 15 to 20 female rabbits were given glycerin doses of 0, 11.8, 54.8, 254.5 or 1180 mg/kg body weight and day from gestation days 6 to 18. The animals given aspirin as positive controls demonstrated the sensitivity of the test system. Up to the highest glycerin doses tested of 1310, 1280 and 1180 mg/kg body weight and day, no embryotoxic, foetotoxic or teratogenic effects were found in rats, mice and rabbits (FDA 1974).


The synthesis algorithms for the geometric parameters of coupling slots and cavities, for irregular slow-wave structures (SWS), are indicated. For TWTs with efficiencies of more than 60%, calculated parameter results of equivalent circuit modeling of irregular slow-wave structures are represented. The described synthesis algorithms of the geometric parameters of coupling slots and cavities coincide well with the dispersion curve of a coupled resonator and corresponding equivalent circuit. Solving the corresponding nonlinear equations allows the geometric parameters to be determined.


TLM is a well established full wave time-domain method for solving electromagnetic fields. TLM has been successfully applied to a diverse range of problems, including microwave component and antenna design, and it is particularly well-suited to EMI analysis. This paper reviews the developments of TLM for EMC/EMI analysis and presents a simulated aircraft lightning application.


A novel multi-ASes topology discovery algorithm was proposed,which could infer the AS information of all non-BGP(border gateway protocol) routers from that of the nearest BGP router.The algorithm could efficiently and accurately discover the AS layer and the network layer information of the network,including ASes,adjacent relationship between ASes,routers within each AS,subnets,and network devices within each subnet.The algorithm was validated in a large-scale carrier class IP trial network.And it could not only be used for traditional network management,but also be used for quality of service management to provide a more accurate and complete network topology.


The problems associated with the environmentally acceptable disposal of mining and industrial waste materials are of immense magnitude. The vastness of the problem is illustrated by the statistics on quantities of waste which are tabulated in Table 1. Available statistics on annual quantities of mining and industrial waste are by no means complete or up to date, but the figures in Table 1 give an indication of the annual tonnages of dry waste that it has been necessary to dispose of during the past decade.


Background and Objectives: Patients with multiple sclerosis, especially those treated with immunosuppressive drugs, are less immune than normal individuals and may be more susceptible to Covid 19. The aim of this study was to determine the level of knowledge of patients with MS of Covid 19 during the corona epidemic in Jahrom in 2021. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional census study was performed on 191 patients with definite multiple sclerosis in Jahrom in 2021. Data collection tools included a demographic information questionnaire and a standard questionnaire for MS patients' knowledge of Covid 19. Questionnaire information was collected in SPSS software version 21 and collected using descriptive and inferential statistical indicators. Results: Of 191 patients with MS during coron pandemic, 6.3% of them had coronary artery disease. The mean score of MS patients was (80.7%). There was a significant relationship between demographic variables such as gender, education and number of households with patients' knowledge (P<0.05). The highest level of awareness was observed in men, patients with postgraduate education and patients with a large number of two-person households and in government employees with excellent economic status. The majority of patients considered the disease phase to be pandemic and the corona to be rapidly transmitted from person to person and its symptoms to be persistent fever and cough. The majority of patients also believed in the protective role of gloves and masks and the use of shields in preventing coronary heart disease. Conclusion: Patients with MS have a good understanding of this stage of the Covid 19 pandemic, while about 10% of them do not follow the quarantine rules completely. Therefore, training programs can be considered for these people who are at higher risk for Covid 19 infection.


The authors summarized 500 cases of allergic rhinitis treated by"Bu Qi Gu Biao"therapy since 1980.After treatment,long term curative effect-was 87%.Moreover,the authors had observed serum IgE,IgA and IgG,plasma cyclic nucleotides,blood flow in nasal mucosa,and ultrastructure of nasal mucosa before and after the treatment in 200 cases.The results indicated that"Bu Qi Gu Biao" therapy could adjust immune function and cyclic nucleotides metabolism in organism,improve blood flow in nasal mucosa tissue,restore or improve cell's shape and function and eliminate partial deposition of immune compound in vascular basement membrane.Therefore,it could control or elimiaate the symptoms of allergic rhinitis.


We previously showed that metallothioneins (MTs) can be induced by zinc supplementation. The contribution of this mechanism to the regulation of MTs was determined both in vitro and in vivo by the activating Nfe2l2/ARE antioxidant pathway with zinc supplementation in this study. Diabetic male mice (age: 12 wk) were induced using streptozotocin (STZ), then divided into 2 groups and treated with zinc or vehicle. Liver and kidney Zn were increased after dietary Zn for 3 weeks; no significant increase in plasma zinc concentration. Systemic and intrarenal oxidative stress was reduced by zinc supplementation by examination of 8‐hydroxyde‐oxyguanosine (8‐OHdG) in the kidney tissues and urine. The expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2(Nfe2l2) significantly increased for kidney tissues in the zinc‐treated group compared to the vehicle‐treated group. In contrast, protein expression of nuclear factor‐kB p65 in the kidney decreased in the zinc‐treated group compared to the vehicle‐treated group. Interestingly, MT2 gene expression in renal cortical tubules was also found to increase approximately 54% in the zinc‐treated group compared to the vehicle‐treated group, despite no significant increase for other MT isoforms. Pretreatment of primary renal tubular epithelial cells with an activator digitoflavone of Nfe2l2 before H2O2 exposure significantly decreased oxidant generation and cytotoxicity, whereas Nfe2l2 inhibition and gene silencing (shRNA) exacerbated the injury in vitro studies. Anti‐genotoxic effect of MTs was evident in prevention of DNA damage and micronucleus formation after in renal tubular epithelial cells pretreated by adding MTs (mixture of MT1 and MT2). The MT2 gene silencing in renal tubular epithelial cells significantly increased reactive oxygen species generation and provided marked protection against H2O2‐induced cytotoxicity. Thus, the present study shows that Zinc supplementation attenuates oxidative stress via Nfe2l2/ARE‐MT2 pathway in a model of diabetic nephropathy.


Clinically oriented computer systems require compatibility with the information processing that typifies clinical work. This paper summarizes some of the research that can be applied to such processing and uses the summary to suggest likely errors. Alternative means to correct for such errors are also summmarized leading to an emphasis on decision support systems that integrate human and computer information processing strengths. An example concerning long-term mental illness is used for illustration.


Abstract The composite index is formed in this study for evaluating the variation in the human development transversely the blocks of the district. The Human Development Index (HDI) of Paschim Medinipur has been calculated and premeditated on the basis of three basic indices, viz., education index, health index and economic livelihood index by using the methodology developed by the United Nation Development Program (UNDP) - the construction of the individual indices are elaborated in this study. These three indices have been combined together to formulate the Human Development Index (HDI) of different blocks in the district. Human development index has been prepared by giving equal weightage to education index, health index and economic livelihood index. Daspur II is ranked first in terms of human development index (0.772) followed by Daspur I and (0.728) and Ghatal (0.649). Nayagram has the lowest value of Human Development Index (0.423) precede by Jamboni (0.454) and Binpur II (0.479). In this regard the thematic mapping, geographical delineation and spatial pattern of the blocks as per Human Development Index (HDI) value give a complete perception about human development of different blocks in the district.


Selenoprotein P(Sepp1) is a secretory glycoprotein consisting of two domains.Most of Sepp1 in plasma is derived from liver,which affects the selenium content in the whole organism and plays an important role in maintaining the dynamic equilibrium and distribution of Sepp1.In addition,plasma Sepp1 concentration may regulate,which is also an index of selenium nutritional status.This paper reviews the progress in study on structure and function of Sepp1.


Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) algorithm is widely used for unsupervised image segmentation. However, the FCM algorithm does not take into account the local information in the image context. This makes the FCM algorithm sensitive to additive noise degrading the image pixels features. In this paper, an approach to incorporating local data context and membership information into the FCM is presented. The approach consists of adding a weighted regularization function to the standard FCM algorithm. This function is formulated to resemble the standard FCM objective function but the distance is replaced by a new one generated from the local complement or residual membership. The applied regularizing weight is a constant weight or alternatively an adaptive one. The adaptive weight is the Euclidian distance between the center prototype and the local image data mean. The regularizing function aims at smoothing out additive noise and biasing the clustered image to piecewise homogenous regions. Simulation results of clustering and segmentation of synthetic and real-world noisy images have been presented. These results have shown that the presented approach enhances the performance of the FCM algorithm in comparison with the standard FCM and several previously modified FCM algorithms.


To keep track of timely changing data and to gain fast data access queries are being used continuously. In a distributed data environment user wishes to get the value of aggregation function for data sets. Since the data is collected from multiple sources the need to process the query and to specify the coherency is required. Coherency requirement is specified by client. In this paper our technique decomposes a client query into sub queries. Each sub-query is executed on selected data aggregator and they are provided with the sub query in coherency bound. The main aim of our work is to reduce the number of refresh messages. To estimate and find the number of refresh messages we build a Query Cost Model. Our evaluation and our approach is used to decrease the number of refresh messages.


Research on sea turtle conservation effort which is often linked with exploitation cases has been provided by many literatures, especially at the nesting stage which significantly effects the birth rate of the species. Moreover, there are numerous activities that have been done which contributes to conservation or exploitation of the sea turtle eggs from the nest such as sanctuary beaches, awareness programs, tendering system or even illegal trading issues exist in Terengganu. Most of previous studies focused only on sea turtle biological point of view. However, the mathematical model focusing both efforts are not sufficient, and if there are any, will not portray the direct impact of conservational nor exploitation effect of the sea turtle nests in precise manner. Hence, in this paper, we intend to formulate model from classical Lotka-Volterra 2-species system with logistic growth and population density, we will find its stability attributes and proceed with experimenting different value of conservation effort and exploitation activity parameters respectively. The finding results from this paper may contribute significantly to the sea turtle population management, especially in Terengganu.


Background: Irrespective of the tremendous efforts made by Government of India the utilization of MCH services continues to be very low among women belonging to lower socio economic status particularly among slum and migratory population. This significantly upsets country's declining trend of maternal and infant mortality rate. Therefore a study was undertaken to assess the utilization of maternal and child health services among migratory/slum dwellers in a municipality area.Methods: A community based cross- sectional study was conducted for a period of one month among two hundred eligible women of the study population.Results: Study targeted 1200 households in 16 localities and we obtained information from 200 eligible mothers. Amongst them 74% availed antenatal services from government facilities and only 67% were registered in the first trimester. All mothers received antenatal services. Mother and child protection card was not received by 8.5% of women. 86.1% of them had institutional delivery. 13.9% of mothers delivered at home and 10% of the deliveries were unattended or assisted by friends and relatives. JSY benefits were not availed by 55% of the women.41.5% babies delivered had low birth weight. 14.7% of the children were either partially immunized or not immunized at all. Amongst women belonging to target couple 68% were not using any form of contraception.Conclusions: Utilization of Maternal and Child Health services among the migratory and slum dwellers living in the Municipality area is not satisfactory.


Production of mutations in the white-spore strain This linkage data is available in Fungal Genetics Reports: https://newprairiepress.org/fgr/vol18/iss1/20 Wang,S.S.,J.M.MagilI a n d R.L.Phillipr. Previous studier of the white-spore mutant of N. crassa (Phillips Auxotrophic and visible mutations in white-spore (ws-I), and Stb 1967 Can. J.Gene+. CytoM@) indic~d~as~~~ %rrylng the w-l marker germinate with a very low frequency. Therefore, theintmduction of additional genetic m&err into the w-l strain is difficult but may be accomplished by isolating spores from the rare asci that contain more than four black spores. The Gptionol black spores will be genotypically wr-I, barring mutation or gene conversion, and may cdrry the addition01 genetic mahers. Another means of introducing new genetic mwksn into the wr-I strain is through mutagenic treatment. this investigation was to induce by UV-irradiation adcnine and methionine mutotionr in the wr-I strain. The purpose of An auxotmphic wr-1 strain war needed for studier involving wr-I in balanced hetemcaryonr. The procedure wm to subiect approximately IO7 conidiq of the wr-I strain (in 20 ml of minimal medium) to UV-irradiation for 90 seconds and then follow the filtration procedure of Woodword et al. (1954 Proc. Natl.Acad. Sci. U.S.40:192). Aliquotr (0. Iml) of the filtered conidial suspension were spread over 20 plater eo&wTh 20 ml of solid minimal medium supplemented with odenine, methionine and so&se. Approximately 500 slow-growing colonies were relected for further testing. From the 500 colonies, one albino, three adenine and II msthionine mutants were obtained. Albino mutant: The albino mutant ( irol.'RPlOO) was found to be independent of T(I;II) 4637, 01-l; T(IV;V1)45502, pyr-3 (IVR); T(I;Vll) 17084, thi-I; vel (IIIR); tryp-l (IIIR); and lo-l (VIL). on a (VR), arg-B (VmV;m 46802 ino& and inos (VR'r L' k ge was detected in crosses what (V cent), erg-4m arg-7 The recombination doto indicate that the albinoi& is in the right arm of LG V, less than one map unit from erg-8 and inns (Table 1 ). C om cmsntation data from R. E. Subden (penowl communication) also inpl dicate that the new albino locu~irscre~from al-l and*; we are suggesting the designation al-3. The al-3 mutant is on excellent visible marker; although obviously albino, it doer have a very light pink color. The strain shows a highdegree of crocrability to all Neurorporrrrtr.inlterted,when used either as the protoperitheciol or co&dial parent. The al-3 ascolporss germinate readily and grow well on minimal media. Adenine mutants. The three odenine mutants (isol. "s RPlOlad, RPIOZ and RP103) have been mapped and the linkage results are presented in Table 2. Linkage war not detected between RPIOIad (a purple adenine mutant) and fl (IIR) but was evident with m. t. (IL), ad-5 (IL) and ad-3B (IR). No recombinantr were recovered from crossc~ of RPlOlad to ad-5 God-38. Since RPlOlad ;b~plemen~+h od-5 but no+ ad-38 and is phenotypically similar to ad-3B, the adenine mu+a+ion~Pl~ppean to be allelic to ad-38. The lac~recombination be+ween RPlOlad and ad-5 is pay the result of scoring an insufficient number of progeny. The second adenins mutant (RPIOZ) showed independence wi+h'T(l;l1)4637 &I; T(III;Vl) i,ylo-I; al-3 (RPIOl) (VR); and pl (VR). Linkage was observed in the crosses of RPIOZ topyr-l (IVR); ad-6 (IVR); and T (IV;V) FZ355 and cot-l (IVR). No rsco&in(m+s were recovered in the crows RP102 x ad-6 nor was any ccmplemcntotion detected between these hvoxnts. RPIOZ is preswrably allelic to cd-6. The third adenins mutant (RP103) is independent of T(I;ll)4637 al-l; T(IV;V)R2355; detected between RPlO3 and T(lII;VI)l, -hlo-l; ad-2 (IIIR); w m); cot-l (IVR) and ylo-I (VIL). Linkage was and vel (IIIR). Ges with ad-ze not been successful. No complementotion was observed, however, ctween ad-2 and RPl03. ad-4iralro locoted on IIIR. The above adenine mu+on+s respond well to w&nine. The fertili+y with other rtroinr and spore germination rater also are quite satirfactory. Table I. Tests between &(RPlW) and linked genetic markers. Tester strain FGXf Linkage Parental Recombinant % Germ% Recomgroup(r) lpO*tS rporer ination binotion t(tvi111) 1884 V cent. 7 2 3 5 7 0 32 .7 arp-4' VR II0 7 71 4 .3 arg-79' VR 7 2 3 50 4 .0 erg-8 (44207 ) I311 VR 137 I 81 0 .7 T(v;Vl)46+302 inos 1199 VR,VIL 7 4 0 50 0 inos I37401 I 406 VR 4 5 0 35 0 l * Strains kindly provided by Val Wocdward Table 2. Tests be+ween the odenine mutontr (RPIOI ad, RPl02 and RP103) and linked genetic markers. Tester strain FGSCX Linkage Parental Recombinant % Germ% Recomgroup(s) spores SpO~.X ination bination RPlOlad m.+. (Em.) IL 2 5 6 I4 9 0 5.2 ad-5 (Yl75t.4253) 6 7 8 IL 6 9 0 2 3 0 odd-36 (35203 ) 3 6 0 IR 223-5 0 7 5 0 "'& ( H263 ) 7 2 IVR 104 7 7 4 6.3 "alcoy" a l 9 9 8 IVR,VR 1 0 8 4 7 7 3.5 ad-6(Yl75M221) 6 6 3 IVR 3 7 5 0 8 3 0 RP103 "alcoy" A l 997 IIIR,VIL 2 9 5 5 0 14.7.' tl☺j.-☺ l ** IIIR 143 I5 5 3 9.5 "d-=IIlR 145 13 5 3 8.2 l "olcoy" linkage tester = T(I;11)4637,ai-I; T(IV;V)R2355, COJ; T(IlI;VI)l, yl0-l. ** Albino progeny were excluded fromcalculation. l ** Strain was vel, tr p-l; lo I synthesized by crossing WI, +ryp-I (818, 10575) x tryp-I; ylo-I (10575; Y30539) (FGSC~l7~FtilZti Table 3. Tests between os ( RPlOlos) and linked genetic markers. Tester strain FGSC* L inkage Pmentd Recombinant % Germ% Recomgrwp(r) SPOWS spores iwation bination m.+. (STA4) 2 6 2 I L 141 7 5 7 2 35.5 m.+. fl(P605) 2 9 7 I L 4 9 2 1 7 8 30.1 &(RPlOl.d) IR 5 8 3 3 6 0 36.3 al-2 ( 15300) 9 9 I R 8 3 II 6 3 II.7 os-I (8135) 9 5 1 I R IY 2 7 81 17.5 RPlOl also carried D rcpamte, visible marker morphologicoily similar to M-I and unable to grow in comple with KCI (4%). Linkage and complemcntation t&s indicate that RPlOl os G+ ollclic with or-l (IR), although +hey are linked (Table 3). Linkage was also detected between RPlOlor and m.+. (IL), RPIOIod (IR) and s(IR). &is also located in IL (Mayr 1969 Genetics 63: 781 ). or-3 and or-5 are also in I but in +hrrTgh+ arm. Methionine mutants. None of the 11 methionine mutants have been mapped. Preliminary 'complementotion tests rcveoled that eight of the mu+an+s ore in distinct complsmentation groups, while three overlap the others to varying extents. In summary, the ws-1 mutant is now available with ad-38 (RPIOI ad), ad-6 (RPl02). @ (RPl03), a&( RPIOO), the unidentified of (RPIOI os ), ondxunidcntified mc mutants. Thesenr may be ob=d from R.L. Phillips. The technical orsirtonce of Warren Springer is gratefully acknowledged. Deparhnent of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55101.


The Second Edition of this text presents principles and practice of manual medicine, with discussions of how and where they apply in the context of various disease states. Structured according to organ system, this book offers a guide to the effective methods of diagnosis and therapy.


Through the electrical parameters measurement technology of autonomic learning, understanding of the system hardware by regulating circuit, data acquisition card and computer. This paper, by learning to solve the traditional electrical parameters test method of testing process is not continuous, dynamic transient state is difficult to send now and positioning problem. Virtual instrument measuring instrument is based on the computer, it has many advantages compared with traditional instrument, has been developing rapidly in recent years. The system finished the electrician experiment of common electrical parameters such as: voltage, electric current; Dc voltage, electric current; a measure of the resistance, capacitance and inductance.


In this paper a full analytic model for pause intensity (PI), a no-reference metric for video quality assessment, is presented. The model is built upon the video play out buffer behavior at the client side and also encompasses the characteristics of a TCP network. Video streaming via TCP produces impairments in play continuity, which are not typically reflected in current objective metrics such as PSNR and SSIM. Recently the buffer under run frequency/probability has been used to characterize the buffer behavior and as a measurement for performance optimization. But we show, using subjective testing, that under run frequency cannot reflect the viewers' quality of experience for TCP based streaming. We also demonstrate that PI is a comprehensive metric made up of a combination of phenomena observed in the play out buffer. The analytical model in this work is verified with simulations carried out on ns-2, showing that the two results are closely matched. The effectiveness of the PI metric has also been proved by subjective testing on a range of video clips, where PI values exhibit a good correlation with the viewers' opinion scores.


With Countless Arabic news articles published daily; users have become increasingly concerned about obtaining news from credible sources. Nonetheless, to individuals, credible news sources are associated with certain countries where users have faith. Therefore, detecting the source of a news article is imperative to fake news detection and enables users a better trust in their consuming news. This paper introduces to create, filter, analyze, and evaluate a domain services-specific Arabic dataset for pilgrims. The Arabic Pilgrim Services (ArPiS) dataset is a collection of approximately 30,000 news, collected across three different Arabic countries and regions. The paper presents a creation for pilgrims' opinions measurement services dataset for text mining, text classification, clustering, and text summarization. The default basic search methods start with 124 web sites of Arabic news. Then, many of filtering features have been done to limit the dataset by pilgrim subjected services. A lot of topics are addressed, and a lot of filter with a discussion group have been made with many opinions| and extra comments. The huge of the collected data need some kind of additional effort and more analysis to produce valuable dataset. Balanced dataset is one of this extra effort, we are going to create. Therefore, the collected and annotated dataset represents real news for pilgrims' services. So, we need to build additional quantity of these data to be fake news. Accordingly, a precondition procedure invoked as a methodology to create and then annotate such dataset.


Alain Degenne and Michel Forms6, Introducing Social Networks (1999, Sage Publications, London, bibliography, author and subject indexes, 248 pp., isbn 0 7619 5604 2, ~17) is a new volume in the &dquo;Introducing Statistical Methods&dquo; (ISM) series and has the novelty of originally being a French book, admirably translated by Arthur Borges and reworked by the authors who are among a small group of researchers who have introduced social network analysis in France. ISM decided to publish an English version this book because it fits in very well between traditional American-style college &dquo;textbooks&dquo; and more specialized but narrow-scope works such as the Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences -&dquo;little green book&dquo; -series, also published by Sage. The book has an introduction, The Paradigm of Structural Analysis, and eight chapters: I. Social Relationships and Networks; II. Personal


New family compositions created by international adoption grow hand in hand with globalization. Beyond the socio-economic or political implications, the author focuses on the psychological processes at work in these families. Double countries, cultures and families, associated with the intensity of the needs and demands involved, induce multiple distortions of reality promoting deception. In the light of two examples of international adoption, one drawn from literature, the other from a psychoanalytic family therapy, he studies the emergence of fantasies and representations in connection with the falsification and mystification. Estimating their hidden effects detrimental to the creation of new links and to a care for vestigial links, he argues that the implementation of a PFT contributes to redevelopment in psychic space of the family envelope being formed. In this therapeutic setting which runs a vast psychic work, defenses will soften and give way to a more cohesive group illusion. In conclusion, the author considers that, in many ways, this kind of family is a paragon of "new families" and pitfalls that threaten them.


The article considers the increase in the efficiency of the technological process of water supply of industrial enterprises by modernizing the control system of a water intake station


The underlying significance of Melville's creative activities in the few years before his death is still obscure. And there seems little doubt that this state of affairs may be traced to our excessive preoccupation with Billy Budd. Merely to mention the novel in terms of any kind of clarification is to invite passionate but inconclusive argumentation. But one can see why this is so. Since the work is incomplete, in many places hardly more than a scenario, we can never hope for a text authoritative enough to make for a fully valid reading. Though we may deplore this unhappy circumstance, there is no need to despair in regard to a clearer understanding of this phase of Melville's career. I suggest that we ought to forget Billy Budd for the time being while we concentrate on the poetry of this period. The fact remains that the bulk of his writings in these years was poetry, all of which has been edited with at least a greater degree of certainty and accuracy than Billy Budd has been. Hence I propose to undertake the analysis of one crucial poem among many in the hope that it will awaken interest in the area where the clue to Melville's later imaginative interests lies. The poem in question is " The Haglets," a work of the Billy Budd period, say 1888 and shortly before, as opposed to 18881891. It is the final revision of the much earlier " The Admiral of the White." 1 This latter poem was probably written on Melville's voyage to San Francisco aboard his brother Tom's ship in 1860.2 The piece was first revised about twenty-five years later; for in 1885 it appeared in both the New York Daily Tribune and the Boston Herald,3 still under the original title. The subsequent expansion, called " The Haglets," was


We study the c ˆ axis transport of WTe2. An enhancement of quantum oscillations allows for observation of an astonishing spin zero effect at certain field orientations for both hole bands and electron bands, providing transport evidence for their spin–orbit splitting origin. Based on the requirements for the spin zero effect, a lower limit for the Landé g-factor, as large as 44.7, has been obtained at a field angle of 63.7° with respect to the c axis towards the b axis for the hole band. The field dependence of the band splitting is experimentally determined.


The green mussel ( Perna viridis ) samples were collected from Indonesian coastal waters and some other Asian countries in the period of 1997–1998 to elucidate the present status of marine pollution by butyltin compounds (BTs) including mono- (MBT), di- (DBT), and tributyltin (TBT). BTs were detected in all the mussel samples from Indonesian coastal waters in the range of 3.7 to 64 ng/g wet wt as total butyltins (SBTs = MBT+DBT+TBT). The highest concentrations were found in green mussels from Jakarta Bay and Surabaya coastal waters. Relatively higher concentrations of BTs were detected in the mussels from adjacent areas of high maritime activities such as marina, harbour and fishing port. This suggests pollution of BTs arising from TBT usage in antifouling paints. BTs were also detected in mussels from aquaculture areas, implying TBT usage for fisheries activity. The composition of butyltin derivatives in green mussels from Indonesian coastal waters were in the order of TBT>MBT>DBT, suggesting fresh input of TBT in the marine environment. The contamination levels of BTs in green mussels from Indonesia were comparable or lower than those from other Asian developing countries. The elevated concentrations of BTs were found in mussels from some areas of Thailand, Philippines, India and Malaysia where residue levels of BTs were comparable to those in developed nations.


The braking system emulation trial used to simulate practical working conditions of airplane slip-proof braking functions and realize practical emulation of airplane motion and process,road circumstance and braking pressure factors,proved adaptable to significance trials on emulation of airplane slip-proof and braking components.


The technology of light-sensitive amorphous chalcogenide layers, made from As-Ge-Se raw glasses, thick layers of acrylic polymers, made from mixture of isomers as well as two types of nanocomposites of these materials with gold nanoparticles was developed. These layers were used for direct, one-step surface geometrical and optical (amplitude-phase) relief recording by laser- or electron-beams. Investigations were directed to the establishment of giant geometrical relief formation processes, which resulted elements like bumps, single lines and diffractive gratings applicable as elements of integrated optics. The mechanism of the recording processes, which include excitation of electron-hole processes, structural transformation or polymerization, as well as mass-transport component was accepted for explanation of comparable effects at light- and electron beam recording. Selection of the materials and recording conditions with best resulting parameters was done.


In this study, an inverse heat conduction analysis based on the Levenberg-Marquardt method is applied to reconstruct the aerothermal heating and thermal protection material response of a reusable h...


According to the Bank for International Settlements (BIS), the only Foreign Debt registered that has yet to be repaid by Spain amounts to one million of millions USD and its creditors are Anglo-Saxon countries or middleman countries from their area of influence. The creation of this debt only started in 2004. Since then and in relative terms, the 'NIIP' (Net International Investment Position) of Spain has become its main geopolitical problem, in addition to accelerating its retreat to convulsive markets. The article describes the countries, agents and double-entry movements involved in said debt, using the swap method in the spatio-temporal matrix provided by the BIS Quarterly Review between 1999 and 2014.


: Liquid crystal (mesophase) is a state of matter which has properties between those of conventional liquids and those of solid crystals have been recently studied as novel drug delivery systems. The reason behind this is their similarity to colloidal systems in living organisms, they have proven to be advantageous over traditional, dermal, parenteral and oral dosage forms. Liquid crystals are thermodynamically stable and possess long shelf life. Liquid crystals show bio adhesive properties and sustained release effects. Objective of this review paper is to provide in depth information of pharmaceutical liquid crystal technology. It shall deal with cubic and hexagonal liquid crystal and their applications in drug delivery systems.[1] and cholesteric), observed the impacts of electric and magnetic fields. 1930: Freedericksz studied the transition from a homogeneous structure at some critical value of applied field strength. 1965: the global liquid crystal society by Glenn Brown at Kent state university. Lehmann and Reinitzer are known as the grandfathers of LCs science. [30] ophthalmic cubosomes test, better


Homoclinic snaking refers to the sinusoidal 'snaking' continuation curve of homoclinic orbits near a heteroclinic cycle connecting an equilibrium E and a periodic orbit P. Along this curve the homoclinic orbit performs more windings about the periodic orbit. Typically, this behaviour appears in reversible Hamiltonian systems. Here we discuss this phenomenon in systems without any particular structure. We give a rigorous analytical verification of homoclinic snaking under certain assumptions on the behaviour of the stable and unstable manifolds of E and P. We show how the snaking behaviour depends on the signs of the Floquet multipliers of P. Further we present a nonsnaking scenario. Finally, we show numerically that these assumptions are fulfilled in a model equation.


The production, gas/oil ratio and the composition of the crude oils and natural gas in the TZ45 and TZ83 Well blocks are high at the intersection point of the NE and NW-strike fault and decrease gradually along the ridge of the structure. Thus, it can be inferred that the intersection zone is the hydrocarbon charging position. Hydrocarbon migration along faults intersection zone is jointly controlled by the effect of rock fracture, the improvement of physical properties by fault, the repeated fracturing during multi-stage tectonic movements and the internal structure of fault four factors. A complicated model of the pore-cavity-fracture system conducted by fault resulted from karstification was built according to the related research results about the carbonate karstification. The processes of the hydrocarbon migration and entrapment in that system were analyzed, which indicates that the complicated differential hydrocarbon migration is the key to interpreting this phenomenon. Under the joint control of fault intersections and karstification in the pore-cavity-fracture systems, the karstification system plane range increases, and in vertical are more likely to connect multilayer karstification systems, and the hydrocarbon migration shows the differential accumulation manners.


The Ti3AlC2/TiB2 composites with different volume content of TiB2 were synthesized and its grain size and distribution were charactered by DS-5M image analyzer.The results indicated that the highest density was obtained for the 10% volume content of TiB2 and decreased gradually with the increase of TiB2 content.The incorporation of TiB2 content may have a negative effect on the densification process because the raw materials need higher temperature and longer time to react during SPS sintering.The grain of the Ti3AlC2/10%TiB2 composites was structured in a layered form and uniformly distributed.The analysis of the microstructure was consistent with the results of the macro properties.


This essay presents a brief historical analysis of the characteristics of the first contacts between North American psychology and Soviet psychology. In this way, some aspects that permeated the consolidation of this relationship and its possible unfolding in the interpretation of Vygotsky's postulates are discussed, taking into account the concretization of Historical-Cultural Psychology and its influence in the Brazilian academic context. From this perspective, the objective of the following work is framed in the analysis of some research carried out in Brazil through hegemonic visions that base the understanding of Vygotskian concepts and their insertion in educational practices. By way of conclusion, some reflections are exposed that contribute to continue thinking about the importance of Vygotsky's legacy, considering that this is not a finished work but a process of permanent search for new readings and approaches in the contemporary scientific scenario.


This research work refers to a feasibility study to implement a producer of jeans backpacks and marketing in Quito, which will be used for customers of Quito and it is proposed to establish whether or not the same.

As an essential part of this work the general objective, which is part of making a Feasibility Study for the Implementation of a jeans company Producer backpacks and marketing in Quito is established.

In addition to the execution of the research is supported in detail the specific objectives that give the initial prop for each successive studies, such as having market study to determine the demand and establish effective demand and supply in the city, establish a technical study to clarify the capacity installed and used in production process of the product offering, set the Administrative Study for the legal, social and administrative organization of the company and finally establish the Financial Studio with its assets and liabilities accrued by this thesis.

Market strategies will also be indicated to promote the service.

The methodology used is based on traditional methods such as inductive, deductive, descriptive statistical and mathematical which allowed to obtain the information required with the help of investigative, such as direct observation, interview and survey techniques


Compressive Sensing (CS) is an emerging technology which samples a sparse signal at a rate corresponding to its actual information content rather than to its bandwidth. Different from traditional coding schemes in which distortion mainly comes from quantizer, distortion are related to quantization and compressive sampling in compressive sensing based coding schemes. Since the total coding bits are often constrained in the practical application, it is a great challenge to balance the number of measurements and quantization parameter to minimization the distortion. In this paper, a source rate and distortion model is proposed. The accuracy of the proposed R-D model is verified through experiments. Based on the R-D model, the optimal number of measurements and quantization step size are determined according to the rate-distortion criteria. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm improves coding performances substantially.


In this paper, we newly propose a dynamic migration of a group of υ virtual machines [DMG(υ)] algorithm to reduce the total electric energy consumption of servers in a cluster. Here, virtual machines are dynamically resumed and suspended so that the number of processes on each virtual machine can be kept fewer. In addition, a group of υ (υ ≥ 1) virtual machines migrate from a host server to a guest server so that the total electric energy consumed by the servers can be reduced. In our previous studies, time to migrate each virtual machine is assumed to be zero. In reality, there is migration time every process is suspended on a virtual machine migrating even in the live manner. Hence, the more often a virtual machine migrates, the longer time it takes to perform processes on the virtual machine. We propose a model to estimate electric energy to be consumed by servers through considering the migration time of each virtual machine. By using the estimation model, we can decide on which virtual machines on a host server to which guest server so that the total electric energy consumption of the host and guest servers can be reduced. In the evaluation, we show the total electric energy consumption of servers can be reduced by the DMG(υ) algorithm compared with other algorithms.


Aiming at the questions of the heater simulation mechanism modeling process in the long term,based on genetic algorithm,the soft calculation method of the heating equipment simulation model for self-tuning was proposed,as the high-pressure heater of power station power station for an example,the self-correction ability dynamic simulation model of the high-pressure heater was studied and developed.Experiments show that: the model developed can automatic track and accurately reflect changes of the high pressure heater thermal characteristics,improving modeling efficiency、dynamic and static precision.A new idea and method were explored,high practical value,for the modeling and coefficient optimization.


The requirements for the development of school choral ensemble are described. The need for selectivity in choosing members of the choral ensemble, more rehearsals every week, the development of community spirit and discipline among members are highlighted. An important aspect is dedication to choral work and some amount of training and musicianship to demand a realistic standard of music from the students.


FIELD: physics, control. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fuel filling systems of petrol filling stations. Proposed system comprises fuel filling column to measure and to dispense the fuel, data processing unit to define fuel temperature and correction unit connected with said column and said data processing unit to correct fuel proceeding from correction temperature. Data processing system defines fuel temperature distribution in petrol filling station system proceeding from pipeline parameters, soil temperature, fuel temperature at pipeline inlet and fuel heat capacity. EFFECT: higher accuracy of fuel dispensing. 21 cl, 2 dwg, 2 tbl


Using conformal invariance the author calculates finite-size corrections to the scaled spectra of one-dimensional quantum chains at the critical point. An explicit application to the Ising and three-state Potts model gives good agreement with analytical and numerical results, respectively.


Background: Psychological health affects numerous physiological processes of the body. The psychological well-being of pregnant women is a global concern. Aim: To compare the blood glucose level (random) in normal versus stress, depression and anxiety among pregnant women (Trimester wise) in district Hyderabad. Methods: A cross-sectional study (survey-based) was conducted in a fixed time frame. The pregnant women were randomly selected and segregated into three groups (trimester wise). The sample size (n) was 123. Random blood glucose level was measured by using the check UC-1001. Stress, anxiety and depression were analyzed by using a valid questionnaire DASS-21. Student t-test was employed as appropriate. Data is shown as mean±standard deviation. Results: Blood glucose level was observed significantly higher (P-value: 0.0004, 0.009 and 0.046) in stressed women (137.82 ±28.94, 142.60 ±40.34 and 126.82 ±35.92) as compared to normal (107.6 ±18.01, 115.05 ± 18.68 and 105.53 ±21.56). Similarly, the blood glucose level was observed higher (P- values: 0.043, 0.065 and 0.078 in depressed women (128.62 ±29.85, 136.79 ±37.10 and 122.44 ±33.41) as compared to normal (105.62 ±13.71, 112.22 ±24.60 and 101.22 ±18.66). An elevated blood glucose level (P-value in First, Second and Third trimester was 0.230, 0.065 and 0.900 respectively) was observed in those who were suffering from Anxiety (125.63 ±29.27, 136.79 ±37.10 and 121.81 ±32.36) as compared to those whose blood glucose level is normal (107.25 ±17.85, 112.22 ±24.61 and 123.66 ±37.04). Conclusion: An elevated blood glucose level was observed in all three trimesters in stressed, depressed and anxious pregnant women. Keywords: Anxiety, Depression, Stress, Blood Glucose. Trimester


Paragraph 29a of the official ITF Rules of Tennis sets a limit of 20 seconds for the time players can take between points. This study investigates the prevalence of violations of this rule, the corresponding umpire's behavior and factors that influence the inter-point time in general. Regression analysis of 3475 serves of the 2016 Australian Open Men's Singles tournament showed an autonomous influence on the variance of the inter-point for the serving player, the duration of the previous rally, the service game, the current scoring streak and the importance of the point. The average time between points was 21.5 seconds and time rule violations were found for 58.5% of the serves. Only two (0.1%) of these rule violations were penalized by the umpire, with the punished incidents occurring after 23.5 and 25.6 seconds, representing the 65.9th and the 78.1th percentile respectively of the detected inter-point times. Thus, we concluded that the current rule is not just applied too lax but also capriciously. Based on the detected influences on the time between points we suggest various adaptions of the rule, e.g. a dynamic time limit based on the duration of the previous rally, as well as ways to improve the enforcement of the rule, e.g. technological officiating aids.


In 2013, Courtade and Kumar posed the following problem: Let x ∼ {±1}n be uniformly random, and form y ∼ {±1}n by negating each bit of x independently with probability α. Is it true that the mutual information I(f(x) ; y) is maximized among f : {±1}n → {±1} by f(x) = x1? We do not resolve this problem. Instead, we resolve the analogous problem in the settings of Gaussian space and the sphere. Our proof uses rearrangement. 1 The Courtade–Kumar Conjecture In 2013, Courtade and Kumar [KC13, CK14] made the following conjecture: The Courtade–Kumar "Most Informative Boolean Function" Conjecture. Let x ∼ {±1}n be uniformly random and form y ∼ {±1}n by negating each bit of x independently with probability α. Then for any f : {±1}n → {±1} it holds that I(f(x) ; y) ≤ 1 − h(α). (This bound is achieved by any f of the form f(x) = ±xi.) The conjecture attracted fairly widespread attention; it is currently unresolved (though [CK14] verifies it for n ≤ 7). Courtade offers a prize of $100 for a proof or disproof [Cou14]. Let us briefly discuss the notation used in this problem. First, we henceforth assume α ≤ 1 2 , as it's easy to see the problem is unchanged if α is replaced by 1−α. The mutual information I(A ;B) of two discrete random variables is defined to be H(B) −H(B|A). Here H(B) denotes entropy, namely H(B) = ∑ b Pr[B = b] log( 1 Pr[B=b]) (with log = log2), and H(B|A) denotes conditional entropy, namely the expected value of H(B | A = a) when a is distributed as A. For β ∈ [0, 1] we write h(β) = β log( 1 β ) + (1− β) log( 1 1−β ) for the entropy of the two-valued random variable that is −1 with probability β and +1 with probability 1 − β. We will also be using traditional notation from the field of analysis of Boolean functions [O'D14]. In particular, recall that (x,y) is said to be a pair of ρ-correlated random strings, where ρ = E[xiyi] = 1− 2α ≥ 0 (and (y,x) has the same distribution). Also recall that for f : {±1}n → R, the function Tρf : {±1}n → R is defined by Tρf(x) = E[f(y) | x = x]. Note that E[Tρf ] = E[f ] (where we use the shorthand E[g] = E[g(x)]). Using this notation, and defining for convenience Φ : [−1, 1] → [0, 1], Φ(t) = 1− h( 2 − 12t) = 1 ln 2 · ( 1 2·1 · t 2 + 1 4·3 · t 4 + 1 6·5 · t 6 + · · · ) (1) School of Computer Science and Engineering, Hebrew University. Department of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon. Supported by NSF grants CCF-0747250 and CCF-1116594. Some of this work performed while the author was at the Boğaziçi University Computer Engineering Department, supported by Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship project number 626373. Supported by the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program under grant DGE-1252522.


The Shanggong gold deposit lies on the northern slope of the Xiong'er Mountain in western Henan.In an area of 1 020 km2,1∶50 000 geochemical stream sediment survey was conducted.The sampling units were divided according to the drainage system.The sampling was carried out in accord with the principle "dense sampling in small ditches,relatively sparse sampling in tributaries,and no sampling in main rivers".This stream sediment survey was characterized by less sampling,large controlled area,rapidness,reduction in cost,manpower and material resources,and good ore-prospecting and economic results.Gold anomalies were detected in this stream sediment survey,and subsequent anomaly inspection,geological evaluation and drilling verification led to the discovery of a large-sized tectonic altered rock type gold deposit.


Aminoglycosides provide new approaches to the recognition and specific binding of anionic species, and show promise for development as anion sensors in biological and separation science.


A method for joining workpiece parts by means of an energy beam, particularly a laser beam, using an additional material, which is supplied in the form of a wire by a wire feeder, the wire being used as a mechanical scanning element and the consumable at the energy beam wire tip is guided frictionally along the workpiece surface, characterized in that the contour of the workpiece parts to be joined (7, 8; 9, 10) on a feed path of a guidance machine defined shock via the wire tip in Schmelzbadrand is touched, wherein a) the energy beam (1) which is moved along automatically with the wire feeding device is focused with a device, wherein the wire feeding device is movable relative to the device for focusing the energy beam and the reference point for the tracking of the energy beam focus lies at the Schmelzbadrand, or b) (the energy beam 1) positive manner along a lateral guide surface of the (of the to be joined workpiece parts 7, 8 consumable wire tip (4); connection joint formed 9, 10) is guided, wherein the energy beam (1) and ...


One of the many hurdles that youth start-ups are facing in support of their pre-start-up capitals is access to finance. This paper highlights the expectations of Malaysian youth start-ups on crowdfunding activities as one of the sources of alternative funding in assisting them to pursue pre-start-up capitals. The paper examines the types of crowdfunding models being offered in the Malaysian setting. It further explores which types of crowdfunding models appear to be more suitable for the needs of youth pre-start-ups. In this context, a quantitative survey was conducted to investigate relevant models, its awareness levels and expectations of youth start-ups in selecting crowdfunding. The survey received 202 responses of Malaysian youth start-ups with a business of not less than two years. The overarching impression is that Malaysia, despite being the first ASEAN country with its own legal framework on crowdfunding, has placed focus merely on equity crowdfunding. Within the context of youth start-ups, the results indicate that youth prefer donation-based and reward-based crowdfunding. Results from the multiple regression analysis further show that little support was received from relevant authorities on promoting donationbased and reward-based crowdfunding to assist youth start-ups. The originality and value of this paper lie on the expectation of youth start-ups to pursue their business venture. While equity crowdfunding offers more risks, donation-based and reward-based crowdfunding provide better opportunities to ease youth start-ups to pursue the needs of their venture.


The cornerstones of the United States Advanced Liquid Metal Cooled Reactor (ALMR) program sponsored by the Department of Energy are: the plant design program at General Electric based on the PRISM (Power Reactor Innovative Small Module) concept, and the Integral Fast Reactor program (IFR) at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL). The goal of the US program is to produce a standard, commercial ALMR, including the associated fuel cycle. This paper discusses the US regulatory framework for design of an ALMR, safety aspects of the IFR program at ANL, the IFR fuel cycle and actinide recycle, and the ALMR plant design program at GE. 6 refs., 5 figs.


Democracy is the power vested in people to choose and elect their representatives. However, theprocess of election and voting is prone to rigging leading to undeserving people leading a nationwhich further causes mistrust and agitation amongst the people. Various methods have beenproposed and implemented towards free and fair elections. In this survey we list and discussdifferent methods proposed and adopted for voting. These include the techniques which wereintroduced in past and can be implied in future, the techniques by which voting system can bemade more secure are, the remote voting, internet/online voting, a RFID tags, a fingerprinttechnology and IOT for updating, two languages the extensible markup language and anotherone is the extensible style language are used to design a unique content and cannot be copied.Other technology like electronic voting machine with battery can be useful in rural areas whereinternet is not available and last one is the blockchain technology by which the voter can casttheir vote in no time, and can have trust on that as this technology is end-to-end encrypted, heredata can be saved in sealing blocks. All this work is to find a better way to make the votingsystem more reliable and trustable for the future. In the end we discuss the efficacy of thesesystems in current infrastructure and requirements of Pakistan.


This article reports a case of an enterocutaneous fistula in a six month old Hanoveranian warmblood filly, which had an umbilical hernia before. Enterocutaneous fistulae are rare in horses and occur most commonly as a complication of umbilical hernia or their treatment. Treatment of an umbilical hernia by for example application of elastic rings, hernia clamps or injection of an irritant around the umbilicus does not correspond with veterinary ethics and can be considered a violation of german animal protection laws. Notwithstanding this, there are reports of usage of one of these obsolete methods, under the pretext to save money and to protect foals from the risks of general anaesthesia. The most satisfactory method of treating an enterocutaneous fistula is an en bloc resection of the fistulous tract and involved bowel, followed by an end- to- end anastomosis of the intestine.


Manufacturing grid is a new pattern developed to answer unprecedented challenges in manufacturing industry, one of the most important foundations of which is encapsulating or modeling manufacturing resources into grid service. But this kind of grid service is restricted by ambiguous and insufficient service description. This paper presents an ontology model, called M-service profile ontology, which provides the framework for explicitly encoding semantics of domain-specific engineering information. The model is generated by extending OWL-S with two classes. One is ManufacturingProfile class which provides formal engineering indexes needed during collaborative work. Anther is the QoSProfile class which provides a mechanism to represent quality of service. This ontology model enriches semantic descriptions of grid service which will be very conducive for later service discovery and management.


Although political parties in U.S. legislatures cannot compel discipline with the threat of expulsion from the legislature, they can encourage greater party loyalty by strategically bestowing benefits upon favored members. This article explores the use of plum committee assignments to encourage legislators' loyalty to their parties. I outline a theory of how party leaders can use committee assignments strategically to encourage more loyal legislative behavior. This occurs when legislative rules meet two criteria: (1) parties and their leaders can determine who serves on committees and (2) committees have real authority over policy outcomes. I test the theory using data from five state legislatures that differ on the relevant set of legislative rules, finding more party loyalty shown by legislators who receive plum committee assignments when rules meet both criteria and no effect when they do not.


This study examined the effects of supplemental β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on muscle damage as a result of intense endurance exercise. Subjects (n = 13) were paired according to their 2-mile ...


C-V characteristics of diamond/silicon MIS structure were investigated by the use of the diamond deposited on silicon substrates by the hot-filament method. It is concluded that a highly resistive layer was formed under the surface of the silicon owing to the heat damage of the hot filament. This result was confirmed by depositing diamond with Sb vapor added to the reaction gas.


Service organizations need to consider regularly changing customer requirements in order to continuously adapt the design and control of their services. This enforces an integration of different customer information into a service process. However, the existing conceptual approaches do not provide adequate decision making capabilities to organize knowledge intensive processes by straightforward management approaches. The paper presents therefore a case study about the application of Operational Business Intelligence (OpBI) in an insurance company to give practical insights for the management of service operations. The results demonstrate that OpBI supports the configuration of a customer tailored service provision in favor of an increased service quality and higher process efficiency. The insights confirm benefits and advantages regarding to OpBI and knowledge intensive service processes.


The end of December 2005 for Line 5 Gimpo International Airport Station PSD Opening by Octo ber 2012, beginning with the Seoul Metropolitan Rapid Transit is in the 157 who operate Station in use for the completion and are now. After opening PSD, during operation the widening of a road section(250㎜) there were passengers trapped between Train and PSD. To forestall a confinement these passengers PSD Obstacle detection sensor detect that HMI is installed on the train departure warning, and for the Prevention of began to study the speed limit became. Obstacle detection sensor detect improvement Plan and promote awareness of, the driver safe service for passengers through a study of the train to prevent a confinement.