Recent past has seen an exponential growth in DNA sequence data, which is being made publicly accessible. This has contributed towards enormous effort in understanding the concealed information within DNA sequences. Various heuristic techniques of sequence analysis have given significant results, but as the sequence length increases, these techniques are found to be inefficient, leaving scope for intelligent techniques that can adapt to the variable length of the coding and non-coding sequences. In this paper, we introduce an intrinsic and an intelligent technique of wavelet analysis that has the ability to adapt itself according to the variable length of the coding and non-coding sequences while giving a comprehensive picture of the patterns present within the DNA sequences. These patterns can be compared between the similar genes in different species and can be used for understanding and mapping the process of evolution. We perform the wavelet analysis of nucleotide sequences from different species and report some significant facts about the phylogenetic relationships between the species that are considered to be unrelated. Application of the developed approach provides evidence towards the theory of conservation of genes during the process of evolution.


In this study of children with idiopathic autism, multivariate unsupervised and supervised learning of structural magnetic resonance images (MRI) revealed a novel subtype of autism that was characterized by meaningful grey matter anomalies and was predictive of behavioral outcome. Given that previous studies have failed to identify neurobiological subtypes of autism that are clinically meaningful, these findings underscore (a) the importance of utilizing machine learning algorithms to explore neurobiological motifs, and (b) the potential utility of brain-based machine learning in clinical practice.


J. H. Kahn and N. A. Scott's (1997) model of scholarly activity was refined by integrating the mentoring relationship as an element of the research training environment and research outcome expectations as an additional mediator, as guided by social-cognitive career theory (SCCT). A national survey of 149 counseling psychology students was used to test the refined model. Results supported an indirect effect of the research training environment on scholarly activity through research interest and research self-efficacy; the student's relationship with his or her mentor did not predict these outcomes. In accord with SCCT, research self-efficacy and research outcome expectations mediated the relationships between students' investigative interests and perceptions of the research training environment (predictors) on research interest and scholarly activity (criteria). This model extends Kahn and Scott's work and suggests the value of integrating SCCT into models of student scholarly activity.


Estimating the difficulty of tasks is imperative for project planning, task assignment, and cost calculation. However, little is known about how and for what purpose software practitioners estimate task difficulty in their day-to-day work. In this paper, we interviewed 15 professionals to understand their needs and perceptions when estimating task difficulty. We find that practitioners do estimate the difficulty of tasks for scheduling and prioritizing their work. Additionally, performing such estimation requires more than one metric, and across more than one domain (i.e. code metrics, process metrics, and task metrics). The use of metrics that encapsulate different aspects of a task allows developers to gain a holistic view of the task and its potential difficulty.


Abstract Désordre, a website that Philippe De Jonckheere has been developing and maintaining for over seventeen years (since 2000), is a hypermediatic work, composed of numerous projects, with a labyrinthic structure characterized by semiotic hybridization and transartiality, in a context oscillating between the autobiographic and the autofictional. It reenacts the diaristic practice by summoning, through its digital anchoring, text, images, videos, and sounds. This analysis aims to highlight how the polyphonic work of De Jonckheere allows seeing, reading, and, above all, feeling the everyday life experience and, through it, the sensory experience in its plurality. I will underline the way in which this experience adheres to the logic of accumulation, of deepening of the real—of the relationship to the world and life—shifted towards the capture of the short-lived, the detail, if not the anecdotal. In addition, this article will examine how the work of De Jonckheere gives rise to a rearrangement of time, working on what could be called a 'pathetic temporality.' In short, I will highlight the way in which Désordre, which engages and exalts the not-so-much, the almost nothing, falls within the reengagement of the sensitive, as much intimate as extimate.


The CTA method is disclosed in a wireless personal area network. The channel time allocation method in a wireless personal area network environment that is synchronized by a synchronization signal broadcast from one arbiter, a plurality of devices linked to the wireless personal area network, essentially depending on the type of data to the broker, transfer the first channel time, and optionally the step of each transmitting a command for requesting allocation of a two-channel time-consuming as, CTA that coordinator by referring to the commands, each corresponding to the first channel time that the plurality of devices requested ( channel time allocation) interval, and the step of the plurality of devices requested respectively corresponds to the second channel time allocating a channel time including the CTA period shared with a plurality of devices can be shared, and the allocated channel time insert the information about the synchronization signal by comprising the step of broadcasting to a plurality of devices All. As a result, it is possible, even if the channel error to support QoS on a wireless personal area network, and can support the VBR stream or a higher layer protocol reliability without compromising network availability. WPAN, channel time, CTA


An intense laser pulse with a duration of 100 femtoseconds can be focused onto a solid target to produce a solid state density plasma. Electrons in the solid are heated within an optical skin depth with little expansion of the heated region over the duration of the laser pulse. A model and experimental work is described.


This paper presents results of research related to multicriteria analysis under information uncertainty. The Bellman-Zadeh approach to decision making in a fuzzy environment is utilized for analyzing multicriteria models ( > < M X , models) under deterministic information. Its use conforms to the principle of guaranteed result and provides constructive lines in obtaining harmonious solutions on the basis of analyzing associated maxmin problems. This permits one to generalize the classic approach to considering the uncertainty of quantitative information (based on constructing and analyzing payoff matrices reflecting effects which can be obtained for different combinations of solution alternatives and different so-called states of nature) in monocriteria decision making to multicriteria problems. Considering that the uncertainty of information can produce considerable decision uncertainty regions, the resolving capacity of this generalization does not always permit one to obtain unique solutions. Taking this into account, a proposed general scheme of multicriteria decision making under information uncertainty also includes the construction and analysis of so-called > < R X , models (which contain fuzzy preference relations as criteria of optimality) as a means for the subsequent contraction of the decision uncertainty regions. The paper results are of a universal character and are illustrated by a simple example.


Objective: To block mother-to-child HIV transmission.Methods: Preoperative: block mother-to-child through the application of drugs.Intraoperative: the medical staff should be care of self protection.Postoperative: take maternal isolation solution.Results: The current international recommended treatment plan that nevirapine,lamivudine and Qi Duofu were used could effectively block the spread of virus between mother and infant.Conclusion: The standard implementation of the HIV PMTCT measures can reduce mother-to-child HIV transmission effectively.


The work of checking and supervising of trade union expenditure is not only an important part of trade union work, but also a prerequisite of completing a series of trade union work. The Task of "Organizing workers and earnestly protecting workers' rights" provides an opportunity of improving the work of checking and supervising trade union expenditure. At the same time, this task also puts forward a requirement of giving full play to trade unions' role. The work of checking and supervising trade union expenditure must improve quality and realize an innovation.


Experiments were conducted to study the hydrothermal interaction of rock and water representative of a potential high-level waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. All experiments were run in Dickson-type, gold-bag rocking autoclaves that were periodically sampled under in-situ conditions. A total of nine short-term (up to 66d) experiments were run covering the range 90/sup 0/C to 250/sup 0/C and 50b to 100b. The evolving fluid composition was closely monitored. Pre- and post-test characterization of the reacting materials was extensive and post-test identification and chemical analysis of secondary phases resulting from hydrothermal interactions was aided by using monoliths of tuff rather than crushed material. At all three temperatures dissolved silica was limited to cristobalite solubility. At 250/sup 0/C secondary minerals were dominantly zeolites (dachiardite and mordenite) with minor amounts of a poorly crystalline, K-bearing clay-like phase and a pure silica phase (probably cristobalite). Run products at 150/sup 0/C were less well developed, less crystalline and far less abundant. At 90/sup 0/C only minor evidence for dissolution of the primary crystalline phases was observed and no run products were seen. The empirical results obtained here have been used to check/confirm the modeled results produced by calculations using the geochemical reaction progress codemore » EQ3/6.« less


We describe our systems participated in the SemEval-2023 shared task for Named Entity Recognition (NER) in English and Bangla. In order to address the challenges of the task, where a large number of fine-grained named entity types need to be detected with only a small amount of training data, we use a method to augment the training data based on BabelNet conceptsand Wikipedia redirections to automatically annotate named entities from Wikipedia articles. We build our NER systems based on the powerful mDeBERTa pretrained language model and trained on the augmented data. Our approach significantly enhances the performance of the fine-grained NER task in both English and Bangla subtracks, outperforming the baseline models. Specifically, our augmented systems achieve macro-f1 scores of 52.64% and 64.31%, representing improvements of 2.38% and 11.33% over the English and Bangla baselines, respectively.


Based on extensive investigation and research,this essay analyzed the situation of local university student cadres' holding a post at present and the problems that still exist as well as their causes.Having focused mainly on three aspects as follows: cultivation,operation and information feedback,it proposed the policies about how to improve the operational quality of local university student cadres' training.


Hypermedia and multimedia capability of web supports the new constructivist way of active learning. However, it may lead to cognitive overload and resulting in `disorientation` or `lost in hyperspace` problem. To reduce this cognitive overload the content should be tailored to individual differences of users. Psychological factor is one of many factors that influence characteristics of individual users and their learning process. Adaptation based on psychological preferences of users becomes an important research issue. However, instruments measuring psychological preferences use subjective judgments of users, experts or ambiguous questions resulting in incomplete, imprecise, uncertain information. This paper proposes fuzzy logic approach to represent psychological features. An algorithm for adaptation to psychological features in web-based hypermedia learning systems is proposed to find the optimal learning object that best fits the psychological requirements of the targeted user.


Summary form only given. This contribution considers the basic relations between coding, spreading, multicarrier and single-carrier transmission against the background of MIMO-OFDM. MIMO-OFDM is taken, because it can be regarded as a scheme which contains many others as special cases, and also because of its increasing relevance for future wireless communication. It is shown that spreading plays a central role: spreading in space, time and frequency can be considered as the most general form of linear space-time-frequency-coding. Additionally it is demonstrated that spreading can be used to transform multicarrier transmissions into single-carrier transmissions. Moreover, fading channels can be transformed in nonfading ones. This will be demonstrated for the case of Rayleigh fading channels with additive Gaussian noise, which become simple Gaussian channels. After an introduction and a short description of MIMO-OFDM, the concept of spreading and despreading is explained. It is shown, how spreading produces diversity which can be exploited at the receiving side. If no knowledge about the MIMO channel is available at the transmit side, i.e. if no backward channel can be used, this is an excellent means to cope with frequency- and/or time-selective channels. It is also shown what conventional channel coding can do in this context and what this means at the receiving side. Coding at the transmit side is concatenated with spreading and the MIMO channel. This results in a potential, that can be exploited by iterative detection schemes (turbo equalization/decoding). Simulation results are presented to underline the relevance of theoretical derivations. The main intention of this contribution is to give some new insights which can help in future realizations of close-to-optimum performance MIMO-OFDM systems.


The tunneling of photons from an evanescent wave to a sharpened optical fiber probe tip provides the basis for an analogous instrument to the electron scanning tunneling microscope. The transmission and reflection coefficients for s‐polarized photons are exactly the same as those for electrons. Imaging at subwavelength resolution is made possible by the exponential character of the tunneling. We have constructed several photon scanning tunneling microscopes (PSTMs) and successfully imaged the topography of a number of samples placed on microscope slides. Each slide is coupled to a prism with an index matching gel and light is internally reflected within the sample. The reflection is frustrated as tunneling sets in when the probe tip is brought close to the surface. The electronics and software used are similar to those used in our electron STMs. Lateral resolution of λ/12 has been obtained and high‐resolution spectroscopy has also been accomplished simultaneously. Images of several types of samples, inclu...


This paper addresses the output regulation problem of rigid bodies whose kinematic configuration space lies on the Special Euclidean Group SE(3). Reference trajectories to be tracked are generated by an autonomous system, referred to as exosystem, defined on the Special Euclidean Group as well. Only partial relative pose measurements associated to the "natural" linear left group action on SE(3) along with the pose and the velocity of the controlled body are available. The proposed control action embeds a copy of the exosystem kinematics properly updated by means of relative information error in the same spirit of internal model principle.


ABSTRACT The interactions within microbial, chemical and electronic elements in microbial fuel cell (MFC) system can be crucial for its bio-electrochemical activities and overall performance. Therefore, this study explored polynomial models by response surface methodology (RSM) to better understand interactions among anode pH, cathode pH and inoculum size for optimising MFC system for generation of electricity and degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol. A statistical central composite design by RSM was used to develop the quadratic model designs. The optimised parameters were determined and evaluated by statistical results and the best MFC systematic outcomes in terms of current generation and chlorophenol degradation. Statistical results revealed that the optimum current density of 106 mA/m2 could be achieved at anode pH 7.5, cathode pH 6.3–6.6 and 21–28% for inoculum size. Anode–cathode pHs interaction was found to positively influence the current generation through extracellular electron transfer mechanism. The phenolic degradation was found to have lower response using these three parameter interactions. Only inoculum size-cathode pH interaction appeared to be significant where the optimum predicted phenolic degradation could be attained at pH 7.6 for cathode pH and 29.6% for inoculum size. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


In this paper,the author constructs a three sector model which includes agricultural producing sector,manufactured goods sector and capital innovation sector and analyses the problem of capital agglomeration,transaction cost and equilibrium solution with and without technology spillover effect. The theoretical conclusions are: in the cases of capital free flow,symmetrical balanced condition is steady at any level of transaction costs; the capital's flow direction is closely related to the transaction cost in the core-periphery structure. In the case of capital not flowing freely,the symmetrical balancing and core-periphery equilibrium are not stable. Under the circumstance of symmetrical balance,the more steady the symmetrical balancing is,the lower the transaction costs,whereas the lower transaction cost will induce more unsteady state in the core-periphery structure. The empirical test shows that the effect of transaction cost on capital agglomeration is inverse U trend. In the early stage of agglomeration,the generation of transaction cost contributes to the reinforcement of capital agglomeration,however,when the transaction cost breaks a tipping-point,it will perform significant negative effect towards capital agglomeration.


Most dairy farms in New Zealand are seasonal, grass-based systems. New Zealand dairy cows calve in the late winter/early spring and achieve greatest milk production when the pasture grasses are growing rapidly and produce the greatest amount of energy per hectare. Calving occurs in late winter/early spring to take advantage of maximal springtime pasture growth. To achieve a yearly calving interval dairy cattle are inseminated and pregnancy is


Treatment nonadherence in psychiatric patients contributes to increased suicide rates, illness exacerbation, hospitalization, and mortality. This Special Report countdown highlights the psychiatrist's role in addressing barriers to treatment in a number of scenarios.


Introduction Unnoticed bladder injury during tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) is a rare condition occurring in 4% of the procedures. This complication implies persistent irritative symptoms, haematuria, calcification of the mesh segment and recurrente urinary tract intections (UTI's). The treatment of this condition is surgical removal of the exposed mesh segment transvaginally, endoscopic or laparoscopic, but there is no consensus of which is the best approach.


Polar code combined with MIMO-OFDM scheme is proposed for VLC system. At the same spectrum efficiency, it can obtain 2.6dB SNR improvement for user1 and 2.5dB for user2 using 64-QAM at BER of 1 × 10−4.


. The article deals with the activities in extracurricular education institutions aimed at ensuring inclusive education of children with special educational needs. Objective. To analyze and generalize the national experience of organization and inclusive basis of physical education and sports activity in extracurricular educational institutions. Methods. Analysis of scientific literature; content analysis; synthesis and generalization. Results. Synthesis and generalization of topics and content of 36 dissertations and reports made possible to identify four content groups: "Physical education and sports activity in extracurricular educational institutions", "Inclusion and physical education and sports activity in educational institutions of different types", "Physical activity in extracurricular time", and "General principles of inclusion development in Ukraine and countries of the world". A retrospective analysis of academic texts by search query in the quantitative aspect was carried out and the frequency of studying indicators during the study of the organization and inclusive basis of physical education and sports activity in extracurricular educational institutions in the first content group was determined.


formerly treated by synthetic oestrogens will, if the preparation is changed, need larger doses of oestrone than normal. Where kraurosis is a prominent complaint dosage can be given locally as oestrone suppositories. Women over 60 seldom require more than 0.05 mg. daily of oestrone in anv form. Oestrogen is particularly suitable for the hypothyroidic type of woman. Androgen.-Methyl testosterone sublingually can give very rapid relief in some cases of menopausal stress; it appears to "toughen up" the psyche in a truly remarkable way, 5 mg. daily generally suffices, but 10 mg. may be necessary to combat menorrhagia or pelvic pain. The substance is particularly valuable if there is pelvic discomfort, and newly developed fibroids appear to shrink under its influence. It almost invariably relieves mastodynia. Some authorities are giving it in 10-mg. doses for as long as two months at a time. Given thus, there seems to be a good deal of fluid retention-the patient considers she is putting on weight-and hirsuties may be encouraged, but is said to regress when the hormone is withdrawn. Dosage should seldom exceed 250 mg. a month and supervision is essential. When the choice is unsuitable nausea is commonly induced: some women develop acne under its influence and occasionally libido is increased. Progesterone.-It is inconvenient to inject this substance, and ethisterone sublingually can be employed. Its value has been better appreciated since the interesting work of Greene and Dalton (1953), who have used it successfully for premenstrual tension, pregnancy toxaemia, and other allied conditions. They employ large doses, but in climacteric work a range of 15-20 mg. daily seems suitable. The indications are rather similar to those of androgen, but it does not appear quite so dependable in its action. It is less liable to cause fluid retention, in fact it is a diuretic to some women. It is valuable when acne is present in the premenstruum. Its use does not appear fraught with any danger, but in middle age, if oestrogen has been given or if the oestrogen balance is high, ethisterone may induce bleeding. Progesterone appears particularly suitable for the hyperthyroidic type of woman. My experience with the substance is not great, but I have met a menopausal woman whose nervous breakdown had been much relieved by it, and have prescribed it successfully for a disturbed prepsychotic patient, and also to another, known to have a high oestrogen level, who was suffering delusions. Under its influence she " still heard voices but no longer believed they were real." If the choice is unsuitable, malaise or nausea will be induced.


Deciphering cell-cell interactions is crucial yet challenging, given the inherent intricacy and heterogeneity of cellular dynamics within biological systems. Existing methodologies, primarily those grounded in statistical or machine-learning approaches, often demand intricate mathematical representations that limit their efficacy in biological settings. Herein, we introduce CellAgentChat, a pioneering application of agent-based modeling (ABM) devised for unraveling cell-cell interactions from single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics data. Our approach encapsulates biological systems as collections of autonomous agents, subject to clear, decipherable rules, and adeptly sidesteps conventional restrictions. Tested against three diverse single-cell datasets, CellAgentChat proved its robustness in delineating intricate signaling events spanning varied cell populations. A unique attribute of our model lies in its ability to yield animated visualizations of single-cell interactions and the flexibility to modify agent behavior rules, thereby enabling comprehensive exploration of both proximal and remote cellular communications. Furthermore, by leveraging the inherent ABM characteristics of CellAgentChat, we can perform intuitive in silico perturbations of cellular interactions through agent rule adjustments, thus creating opportunities for novel intervention strategies. This cutting-edge ABM approach constitutes a significant stride towards a holistic understanding of cellular signaling interactions across a broad spectrum of biological contexts.


Background Findings have shown that laparoscopic incisional hernia repair is superior to conventional open techniques. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the results of laparoscopic surgery on incisional hernias in an outpatient surgery unit in a university hospital. Methods Data were gathered prospectively for all laparoscopic incisional hernia repairs from January 1997 to December 2006. A total of 127 patients were operated in an outpatient surgery unit. The patients' clinical features, hernia type, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and reasons for hospital admission are studied. Results None of the patients required readmission to hospital, 15 had no need for analgesic treatment (11.8%) and the mean requirement was 6 days. The mean time of return to normal activity was less than 10 days and all the patients expressed their satisfaction with the procedure they received. During follow-up we detected 5 recurrences (4.4%). The statistical study showed no significant differences between the hospitalized patients and those treated on an ambulatory basis with regard to morbidity and recurrence rate (P<0.05). We do find a lower intraoperative and early postoperative (<30 d) complication rate in favor of the ambulatory patients (P<0.001). Conclusions Laparoscopic repair of incisional hernias can be performed as a highly efficient ambulatory procedure with igual morbidity and recurrences than hospitalized patients.


OBJECTIVE: to review the cleveland clinic experience with idiopathic stabbing headache ( ish ) in children and adolescents. to review its presentation evaluation, course and treatment options. . BACKGROUND: data concerning ish in children is sparse. information regarding the evaluation is inconsistent. the use of indomethacin in these patiets is controversial. data concerning other therapeutic options is rarely discussed.
 DESIGN/METHODS: a search was conducted for all patiets seen at the cleveland clinic <age 21 for the years 2007-2012. with the diagnoses of ish, jabs and jolts ,,and stabs and jabs.42 patients were identified who met our criteria.
 RESULTS: female/male ratio was 2:1.the pain lasted less than 5 seconds in 51[percnt],age of onset was 12 yrs.males tended to present at an earlier age.pain was located outside the trigeminal region in 20[percnt].42[percnt] had other forms of ha in addition tio the ihs.50[percnt] were strictly unilateral,30[percnt] were bilateral and 20[percnt] alternated. familial transmission was not noted. many spontaneously remitted in weeks to months. some patients responded to indomethacin, others could not tolerate its side effects.more recently some have responded to melatonin.
 CONCLUSIONS: ihs occurs not infrequently in pediatric patients. an underlying etiology is almost never found. altho indomethacin has been considered the drug of choice, we feel that a trial of melatonin should be the first choice to avoid the side effects seen in indomethacin
 Study Supported by: weller research fund Disclosure: Dr. mandel has nothing to disclose.


Abstract Polluted river water, river bottom sediment, fish body slime, fish gastrointestinal tracts and fresh water mussel gastrointestinal tracts were examined for Salmonella. Eleven serotypes were found among 131 Isolates. S. amsterdam was the predominating Salmonella spp., and was obtained from all specimens. Two serotypes, give and senftenberg. were found only in the fish gastrointestinal tracts. Salmonellae may colonize in fish and serve as an indicator system for current as well as retrospective evidence of fecal pollution of the aquatic environment.


Hidden in The Ohio Review we find a letter by the poet James Wright written to his protege, poet-friend and look-alike Roland Flint.One evening, a few years ago, I sat close enough to a certain Gregorius, a poet, to smell him.It is none of my business that this literary personage shook down one of my best friends for two grand by threatening to destroy her apartment. She is old enough to judge.It is none of my business that Gregorius laughed in the face of a schizophrenic young woman after she had meekly accepted his jeering challenge to go down on him in public.I do my best to mind my own business.But I had to sit close enough to smell him....But Gregorius's age and mode of dress matter as little as his verses. Little does he realize, though very likely in his cruel vanity he would care, that his poetry and his bodily stink are alike timeless. (Wright, "Epistle to Roland Flint: On Ancient and Modem Modes")A copy of this letter-poem is in the Isabella Gardner Papers in Washington University, St. Louis, inscribed "To Belle, with the only love I care about, for Roland's sake, and John's, and mine, Jim." The friend who was "shaken down" for two grand was the poet Isabella Gardner, known as "Belle," and the cousin of Robert Lowell as well as the great-niece of art collector Isabella Stewart Gardner, for whom she was named. The girl said to be schizophrenic who "went down on" Gregorius was probably Gardner's daughter Rose Van Kirk, and "stinky" Gregorius was, of course, Gregory Corso. The "John" of Wright's dedication is lyrical poet John Logan, a loving friend to both Wright and Gardner.' In his "Verse Testament for Isabella Gardner," Logan also mentions this instance of Corso's extortionate violence that took place in the 1970s at the Chelsea Hotel: "Gregory Corso, that hood, conned her. / He'd left two bags in her workroom / and they were stolen. He solemnly claimed their value / at two thousand bucks and threatened / to smash to bits her apartment / if she did not produce the cash" (1981). Corso, for his part, denied guilt, blaming Gardner in a 1982 interview with Gavin Selerie for his having published so little since the mid-1960s.GC: [. .. ] See, there are two books missing in all this. They were lost. One was stolen and that book was called Who am I-Who I am.GS: How did that get stolen?GC: They knew it was a good fucking book-in 1974. It was in two suitcases and I had all my letters from Kerouac and everything and I was living in this fucking Chelsea Hotel in New York City. A supposed friend, a woman, who's a very rich lady and all this shit, a poet named Isabella Gardner, got hold of it; once it was in her hands, it was lost....GS: Do you know what happened to those other poems?GC: Destroyed or stolen or hidden.GS: Do you think someone's sitting on them?GC: Sure. She doesn't need money so she ain't selling. (32-33)Based largely on unpublished letters and interviews, this biographical essay will sketch a measured picture of the relations between the Beats and the more or less traditionalist literary establishment. It will concentrate primarily on Gregory Corso and Paul Carroll, respectively the most vociferous of the Beat writers and a poet who moved in and out of Beat territory, and the poet Boston Brahmin Isabella Gardner.2 In her assumptions and poetic practice, if not her personal life, Gardner represents the traditionalists. Additional discussion involving William S. Burroughs, Allen Ginsberg and Allen Tate further supports my notion that at mid-century the lives of the Beat poets touched those of the established poets rather more intimately and diversely than is usually assumed. Believing in the "necessary nakedness involved in the act of writing," Gardner bared her soul in her letters, evoking a similar and often unexpected openness in young poets like Corso and Carroll ("The Fellowship with Essence: An Afterword" 161). …


Electronic total stations and data collectors have come to be recognized as vital productivity tools in the age of digital mapping. Information encoded in data collectors represents the first and, perhaps, most important link in the information chain from field data collection to data presentation and data management. Unfortunately, data collectors today have largely been designed to function well within a user‐ or manufacturer‐defined hardware and software environment. Outside the designed environment, the efficacy of most data collectors deteriorates because of their inability to cooperate fully with other hardware and software systems. This paper proposes the standardization of a neutral‐file fomat, initial data collector exhange format (IDCXF), for integrating diverse data‐collector systems. The concept of entity coding for point‐line features in the context of CAD/GIS mapping is also proposed for examination.


The levels of total phenols and specific activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (PO), and catalase in the leaves of Alternaria blight (Alternaria brassicae and A. brassicicola) tolerant (RC-781, RH-8113) and-susceptible (RH-30, Prakash) cultivars of mustard were determined at 20 days interval after 40 days of sowing. Total phenols increased initially and then decreased with the age of plant. These were markedly higher in tolerant cultivars as compared to susceptible ones at all the stages of plant development. After infection their amount decreased in all the genotypes. The specific activities of polyphenol oxidase remained higher while that of peroxidase was lower in tolerant cultivars in comparison to susceptible. In response to infectjon, the activity of both the enzymes increased sharply in all the cultivars. However, this increase was considerably higher in susceptible cultivars than that of tolerant. Catalase activity was appreciably higher at initial stage, at later stages it dropped markedly. In response to infection, its activity decreased. The role of phenolics and oxidative enzymes in determining resistance in mustard against Alternaria blight disease has been highlighted.


Expert on learning disabilities Manju Banerjee will discuss the Universal Design method for helping all students learn according to their capabilities.


In this paper, a new algorithm named cost sensitive and random forest -weighted algorithm (αCSRF) is proposed as a diagnostic model for Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the new algorithm, cost-sensitive learning is introduced into random forest algorithm, and weighted sum terms
 of information gain ratio and misclassification cost decline ratio are constructed. In this model, [18F] AV1451 Tau-PET imaging data of areas of interest in the brain were selected as biological markers to classify disease course into three categories: normal control (NC), mild cognitive impairment
 (MCI) and AD. Experiment proved that this model is a dynamic model that can calculate the misclassification cost and the classification accuracy by adjusting the parameters. According to the actual requirements, the weighting parameters can be selected to obtain a model with better comprehensive
 performance. In this experiment, when the parameter is 0.6, the total error cost of the misclassification is quantified to 46.9, and the accuracy is 81.6%, which is the optimal comprehensive performance. Compared with other methods, the algorithm (αCSRF) proposed in this paper
 is more flexible, more practical and more robust.


AIMS
To assess the prevalence of current tobacco smoking, associations with beliefs about the health benefits of not smoking and awareness of risks for lung cancer and heart disease in university students sampled from 23 countries, and to explore the utility of the World Health Organization (WHO) model of the world-wide tobacco epidemic in understanding differences between countries.

DESIGN
Anonymous questionnaire survey.

PARTICIPANTS
A total of 19 298 university students (8482 men, 10 816 women) aged 17-30 years from 23 countries, studying courses unrelated to health.

MEASUREMENTS
Standardized measures of smoking, wish to stop smoking, ratings of beliefs in the importance of not smoking for health and awareness of the influence of smoking on lung cancer and heart disease.

FINDINGS
Prevalence varied widely, being highest in samples from South European countries and lowest in developing countries (Thailand, South Africa). The pattern of tobacco use and differences between men and women conformed largely to the WHO model. Health beliefs were associated strongly with smoking behaviour both within and between countries. Awareness of specific health risks of smoking was very variable, with particularly low levels in Asian, South American and developing country samples. Risk awareness was inconsistently related to behaviour.

CONCLUSIONS
The pattern of tobacco smoking in well-educated young adults appears to conform with wider international patterns of tobacco use. Awareness of specific health risks is poor, and modifying attitudes must be a central element in modifying tobacco use world-wide.


It is known that the traditional (non-destructive testing NDT) methods can only detect errors that have been already made in the course of the development or exploitation of a particular design. The Metal Magnetic Memory Method, allows us to quickly and easily find existing errors, and area stress concentration zones (SC zones) which present the main source of future damages. In this way it is possible to prevent future technogenic accidents and increase safety in the work of various equipments. The paper describes the tests performed on the autoclave shell for the production of water glass in the "Birač" Alumina Factory in Zvornik.


The main resistance mechanism of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is through acquired carbapenemases [1]. Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) har-boring plasmid-encoded resistance genes easily spread the genes to different species [2]. A screening test for CPE should be performed for infection control and prevention [3]. The Korea Dis-ease Control and Prevention Agency conducted a surveillance beginning in June 2017 [4]. A European study suggests that within-hospital transmission and inter-hospital spread of CPE is more frequent within countries rather than between countries [5]. Therefore, both hospital and national surveillance are im-portant to help prevent the CPE spread . We retrospectively analyzed active surveillance data for CRE at Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, from July 2017 to December 2020. The candidates for CRE surveillance were patients who were transferred from long-term care facilities in the previous three months, those admitted to the intensive care unit, and those who had positive results for CRE isolates in the previous six months. Stool or rectal swab samples were in-oculated onto chromID CARBA medium (bioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) and incubated at 35°C for 24 hours. Bacterial species were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS)


What kinds of principles belong in a theory of rational
belief? One contention of this paper is that it is impossible
to reach informed conclusions about the answer to this
question without a clear sense of what such a theory is
intended to do. It may be rejoined that such a theory is
always, at least, intended to cash out, in perspicuous
terms, the notion of rationality, and hence no further
context is needed to try and decide what principles belong
in the theory. This will not do: use of the term "rationality" is
so multi-faceted that it is doubtful whether there is a single
concept that it picks out. In fact, specifying what a theory of
rationality is intended to do may go hand in hand with
providing a characterization of one notion (out of many) of
rationality. This will prove to be the case in the following.


This paper reports on the extraction of the equivalent circuit model parameters of a physically defined silicon quantum dot at a cryogenic temperature and design of the impedance matching circuits to improve the performance of a charge sensor for radio-frequency (RF) reflectometry. The I-V characteristics and the S-parameters of the quantum dot device are measured around a Coulomb peak at 4.2 K. The measured results are modeled by an RC parallel circuit, and the model parameters for the quantum dot device were obtained. We consider three impedance matching circuits for RF reflectometry of a quantum dot: shunt capacitor-series inductor type, shunt inductor-series capacitor type, and shunt inductor-series inductor-type. We formulate and compare the sensitivity and bandwidth of RF reflectometry for the three types of circuits. The analysis should be useful for selecting the optimal matching circuit and the circuit parameters for given equivalent circuit parameters and working frequency. This procedure is demonstrated for a quantum dot with the characterized model circuit along with simulated performance. This design technique of matching circuit for RF reflectometry can be applied to any device that can be represented by an RC parallel circuit. These results will facilitate to realize fast semiconductor qubit readout in various quantum dot platforms.


Swear words relates to types of words used by someone to express their anger. Those words were analyzed in this study using qualitative method. It was used to collect, analyze, and present the result of the study. In addition, the data of this study were collected using interview method with in depth interview, record, and note technique. Then the data were analyzed using descriptive analytic technique with referent theory and writer's intuition as native speaker of Javanese from East Java. Moreover, the presentation of the data used informal method using words. In addition, the aims of this study are finding the classification of swear words. The main result of this study shows that the classification of swear words are categorized based on: (1) anatomical terms like matamu, ndasmu, raimu, and lambemu; (2) animal terms like asu, jangkrik, and wedus; (3) kinship terms like mbahmu and kakekanmu; and (4) Arekan dialeck like jancok and cok. Keywords—classification of swear words; East Java people; Javanese language; swearing; referent


The field of musical signal processing is growing as the improvement in signal processing techniques. Human listener is far superior to understand and classify the information in music signal then automatic technique. Music signal processing is a field in auditory events, where many instruments are played simultaneously. Performance of different daubechies family wavelets is observed for different five music signal. The signal has been decomposed into sub-bands and the features have also been extracted using different Daubechies wavelets. The extracted features have been classified and performance check of different wavelet have been done Keywords— Daubechies wavelets, Music Signals.


Introduction: Adolescence is a transitional phase from childhood to adulthood characterized by a heightened curiosity and courage to take risks. SDKI data from 2012 and 2017 showed an increase in cases of adolescents who had had premarital sexual intercourse, with the breakdown of cases in adolescent boys by 4.5% then increasing to 8% and in adolescent girls by 0.7% increasing to 2%. Objective: this study is to determine the relationship between parental attachment and peer influence with adolescent sexual behavior. Method: The type of research is correlational analytics with a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted at SMKN 1 Pogalan, Trenggalek Regency in June 2022. The population used was grade 11 students of SMKN 1 Pogalan with a sample of 86 people. Sampling using simple random sampling. Data analysis used the spearman rho test with a 95% confidence level. Results and Discussion: Based on correlational tests, results were obtained that the variables of maternal attachment (p=0.002), father's attachment (p=0.001), and peer influence (p=0.000) had a value of p<0.05. Conclusion: this study shows there is a relationship between parental attachment and peer influence with adolescent sexual behavior in Trenggalek District Vocational High School


Since the publication of Thomas Weiskel's The Romantic Sublime in 1976, scholars of the sublime, in America at any rate, have taken their cue from the demystifying character ofWeiskel's analysis.1 Before Weiskel the most ambitious twentieth-century account of the sublime was Samuel Monk's largely descriptive work The Sublime: A Study of Critical Theories in Eighteenth-Century England.2With the advent of semiotic and psychoanalytic approaches in the late sixties and early seventies, studies of the sublime shifted into a more critical mode. Neil Hertz had taken a skeptical tack in his early essay "A Reading of Longinus," but it was with Weiskel's book that the possibilities of demystifying die sublime were first explored fully.3 Weiskel's treatment is comprehensive, covering all the English Romantic poets as well as Burke and Kant. His thinking is sophisticated, incisive, and often inspired; though The Romantic Sublime was published nearly twenty years ago, it remains an admirable and influential work. In some respects it has never been superseded. Most major American scholars of the sublime—de Man, Knapp, and de Bolla, among others—have adopted the skeptical mode of Weiskel and Hertz.4 But die demystifying approach Weiskel's book helped to pioneer, while it has led to powerful argument, has certain limitations. Weiskel's precocious effort to "desublimate" the sublime shows diese limitations clearly, and it is die purpose of this essay to explore them. In die course of exposing the sublime as a mystified notion, and separating the naive believers from the canny skeptics, Weiskel also


Wildfires are natural disturbances that affect landscape structure and biodiversity. Particular climates have favoured high frequency of wildfires, a selective factor affecting morphology, physiology and life cycles of plants and animals. Fire has also played a key role influencing landscape structure and biotic communities in the Mediterranean Basin. Early-successional warbler species associated to the structure of the shrub layer are good study models to analyse the influence that aridity may have on postfire plant regeneration. On the other hand, rodents, an important component in the functioning of forest ecosystems, respond quickly to the changes in habitat structure and composition undergone by disturbed ecosystems. Although rodents may recolonize burnt areas from individuals that survived the wildfire, their survival depend on structure of the habitat and food availability, for this reason the colonization from the surrounding unburnt area may favour their abundance. Moreover, logging large burnt areas may modify rare post disturbance habitats, influence populations, impair natural vegetation recovery and alter patterns of landscape heterogeneity. Therefore, the knowledge of species response to wildfires and to postfire salvage logging is essential to conduct a sustainable management. In this thesis, the PhD candidate Roger Puig-Girones under the direction of professor Pere Pons Ferran, from the research group PECAT (Ecological Perturbations and Terrestrial Animal Communities) at the University of Girona, has studied how these different environmental and spatial parameters affecting both the development of vegetation and the presence of vertebrate fauna after wildfires. The results show that the regional aridity gradient in Catalonia affects postfire recovery of vegetation, bird species richness and shrubland warbler abundances. Specifically, in arid areas the recovery of the shrub cover is slower; and negatively affect the abundances of Melodious warbler (Hippolais polyglotta) and Dartford warbler (Sylvia undata) through time. Otherwise, a delay in the population response of the Subalpine warbler (Sylvia cantillans) is observed in arid burnt areas. On the other hand, the abundance of Wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) is conditioned by the nearness to the burnt perimeter; with the entry of dispersal individuals from the proximities of the burnt perimeter. In contrast, Algerian mouse (Mus spretus) colonizes the whole burnt area. For both species, vegetation cover is an important variable to explain rodent abundance in early burnt areas. In this sense, forest management negatively affects plant cover regeneration in the short time. Therefore, Wood mouse has higher abundances in burnt areas, respect logged areas. Conversely, Algerian mouse and Common vole (Microtus arvalis) are more abundant in logged and simplified habitat. Moreover, Wood mouse abundance is higher in areas where wood debris had been left either on the ground or forming piles, whereas Algerian mouse preferred sites without branches from the management. These interespecific differences in microhabitat selection mean that seed removal by rodents did also occur in burnt and logged areas. Overall, this thesis suggests that future increases in aridity can affect plant regeneration after fire and slow down the recovery of animal populations that depend on understorey and shrublands. Given the recently highlighted increases in aridity and fire frequency in Mediterranean-climate regions, improved knowledge on how water deficit affects ecological succession, is especially necessary. By the other hand, understanding recolonization dynamics is fundamental to anticipate patterns of plant disperser and consumer populations in disturbed landscapes. At the same time, additional disturbances that reduce the habitat connectivity, like salvage logging, may affect habitat structure and food resource availability. A decline in disperser species may have effects on plants that depend on their "services" for successful regeneration. For this reason, forest management must take into account population recovery of seed consumers and dispersers.


In this study we present an improved approach for the development of auxetics based on the use of deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) after a high-precision mask fabrication procedure. The whole process stands out for its precision (reaching nanometric detail), for the high aspect ratio (AR) attainable and for the possibility of promoting mass production. The quality of the proposed strategy is verified by the manufacture of an auxetic cantilever and bridged structures using two common planar auxetic geometries. The present process significantly increases the precision and AR of the micro-auxetics obtained when compared to state-of-the-art micromachining procedures and solves common challenges linked to structure adhesion to the substrate. The potential of the manufactured structures for the development of resonant structures is analyzed by means of finite-element-method- (FEM) based simulations, showing resonances in the megahertz range. A final application example, linked to monitoring cell culture processes upon auxetic scaffolds, is also proposed and analyzed by computational procedures. The initial cell culture results are also included and help to validate the scaffolds obtained and the materials used for future tissue engineering studies.


The purpose of this study was to demonstrate consumers profile based on their food safety knowledge and practice. The sample of research consisted of 50 household units in Sleman district. Simple random sampling was chosen in the process of selecting a sufficient number of elements from population. The discriptive analysis was used to investigate consumers profile rooted in their food safety knowledge and practice. This research showed that consumers food safety knowledge and practice was statistically high. It was cleary indicated by high mean score of each dimension used to mensure food safety knowledge and practice variable. The impact of food consumption contaminated of formaline on one's healty was the highest score of consumers food knowledge and practice with mean score 4,55 of 5 scale maximum score. On the other hand the lowest score of consumers food knowledge and practice was showed on the dimension of hazardous chemical dye on marine products. Moreover this research had explained that food safety knowledge and practice level of household units in Sleman were categorized on excellent degree since 74% of respondens had total score in the interval 56 – 75. Keyword : food safety knowledge and practice, household units


The purpose of this research is to determine the direct effect of trust, perceived price, service quality on customer satisfaction for Java-Sumatera Toll Road, Merak-Bakauheni Port and Ferry customer. Also the indirect effect between trust, perceived price, service quality on customer satisfaction through trust, perceived price, service quality. This research uses quantitative method. Sample of 200 Java-Sumatera Toll Road, Merak-Bakauheni Port and Ferry user who have used the services two times in the past year was collected using survey method with questionnaire as an instrument. Data analysis uses SPSS 22 version and SEM from LISREL 8.8 version. The results suggest that trust, price perception and service quality have a significant and positive influence on customer satisfaction. Service quality does not have significant influence on customer satisfaction through price perception, Service quality has significant influence on customer satisfaction through trust, Trust has significant influence on customer satisfaction through price perception, Trust has significant influence on customer satisfaction through service quality, Price perception does not have significant influence on customer satisfaction through service quality and Price perception has a positive and significant influence on customer satisfaction through trust.


Bicyclists face the risk of being involved in collisions with motor vehicles on roadways. This experiment used eye tracking technology to better understand how drivers notice bicyclists in daylight. Participants searched for bicyclists while wearing a head-mounted eye tracker, as they were driven along an open-road route that included a test bicyclist during the daytime. Participants pressed buttons when they detected that a bicyclist might be present in or near the roadway and when they were confident that a bicyclist was present. Through the use of eye tracking technology, this experiment provided a better understanding of the differences among the distances from which participants glance at, detect, and recognize bicyclists in daytime roadways.


Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus that has led to a global pandemic and unfortunately has caused a health crisis. Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can manifest with bilateral pneumonia and hypoxemic respiratory failure but also can affect different organ systems. Spontaneous rectus sheath haematomas and retroperitoneal haematomas are recognized, rare, complications of anti-coagulation therapy, including LMWH. A prompt diagnosis is important to antagonize anticoagulation and prevent further bleeding. Massive bleeding into the retroperitoneum represents a problem not only because of the loss of intravascular volume, but also because the increase in abdominal pressure may compromise perfusion to different organs, such as the liver, gut, and kidneys. We present 3 cases of severe spontaneous soft tissue hematomas (SSTH) in patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection, who were taking low molecular weight heparin for prophylaxis of DIC and venous thromboembolism. First one is 56-yeard-old female patient with retroperitoneal and extraperitoneal haematoma presenting with dysuria and haematuria, the second one is 67-year-old male patient with iliopsoas haematoma and the third one is 51-year-old female patient with rectus sheath haematoma. All patients were treated conservatively. Clinicians should be attentive about bleeding complications as retroperitoneal haematomas in COVID-19 patients on anticoagulant therapy. There is no consensus on management of retroperitoneal haematomas. Each decision as conservative treatment, embolization or surgery should be made according to the clinical stability of the patient and by risk and benefit assessment.


Our institute has been investigating laser-produced tin plasma and EUV emission, and found the highest conversion efficiency of 3% at 13.5 nm in 2% bandwidth. In the present paper, we introduce fabrication methods of density-controlled tin targets to generate relatively monochromatic EUV with keeping similar conversion efficiency. The first method is the nano-template method, where liquid tin solution was immersed into a polymer film with monodispersed size nanoparticle. The density can be controlled by tin concentration of the solution. The target can be classified into mass-limited target. We have shown a tendency of monochromatic EUV emission around 13.5 nm with decreasing of tin density. The intensity was higher than tin foil with bulk density. The tendency has a merit to mitigate heat effect of the first EUV mirror. The fabrication method has another merit to control not only density but also the poresize of tin oxide to be 100 nm ~ 10 mm. Recent experiments exhibited an EUV character depending on the poresize. The second is liquid crystalline template method to obtain porous tin oxide. The precursor with tin oxide and cellulose provides mechanically stable and transparent film. The film has wavy sub-microstructure derived from microscopic liquid crystal domain structure. The method is simple and short duration for the hydrolysis reaction to solidify tin compound. This material has a merit of feasibility of fabrication, and was applied for rotation target for 10 Hz and 5 kHz laser repetition.


Editor's Note This Working Paper focuses on a topic of growing interest to social norms practitioners—the application of social norms theory to issues of social justice. Throughout the country educators are finding ways to use social norms techniques to support attitudes and behaviors that value diversity, tolerance, and prejudice reduction. Preliminary research suggests that these values, appropriately termed "egalitarian yearnings" by Patricia Fabiano, are held by a majority of our students. Research and programs that correct misperceptions about social justice attitudes can reduce isolation, foster ally behaviors between groups, and encourage individuals to confront prejudicial remarks. When individuals do choose to be passive bystanders it is often because they incorrectly assume that others do not share their social justice values and are therefore comfortable with prejudicial behavior (Berkowitz, forthcoming). The social norms approach can thus lead to promising strategies and interventions to promote social justice on our campuses and in our communities.


The cockroach Leucophaea maderae was the first animal in which lesion experiments localized an endogenous circadian clock to a particular brain area, the optic lobe. The neural organization of the circadian system, however, including entrainment pathways, coupling elements of the bilaterally distributed internal clock, and output pathways controlling circadian locomotor rhythms are only recently beginning to be elucidated. As in flies and other insect species, pigment‐dispersing hormone (PDH)‐immunoreac‐ tive neurons of the accessory medulla of the cockroach are crucial elements of the circadian system. Lesions and transplantation experiments showed that the endogeneous circadian clock of the brain resides in neurons associated with the accessory medulla. The accessory medulla is organized into a nodular core receiving photic input, and into internodular and peripheral neuropil involved in efferent output and coupling input. Photic entrainment of the clock through compound eye photoreceptors appears to occur via parallel, indirect pathways through the medulla. Light‐like phase shifts in circadian locomotor activity after injections of γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)‐ or Mas‐allatotropin into the vicinity of the accessory medulla suggest that both substances are involved in photic entrainment. Extraocular, cryptochrome‐based photoreceptors appear to be present in the optic lobe, but their role in photic entrainment has not been examined. Pigment‐dispersing hormone‐immunoreactive neurons provide efferent output from the accessory medulla to several brain areas and to the peripheral visual system. Pigment‐dispersing hormone‐immunoreactive neurons, and additional heterolateral neurons are, furthermore, involved in bilateral coupling of the two pacemakers. The neuronal organization, as well as the prominent involvement of GABA and neuropeptides, shows striking similarities to the organization of the suprachiasmatic nucleus, the circadian clock of the mammalian brain.


We study the effects of translation on two-scale convergence. Given a two-scale convergent sequence (ue (x))e with two-scale limit u(x,y), then in general the translated sequence (ue (x + t))e is no longer two-scale convergent, even though it remains two-scale convergent along suitable subsequences. We prove that any two-scale cluster point of the translated sequence is a translation of the original limit and has the form u(x + t,y + r) where the microscopic translation r belongs to a set that is determined solely by t and the vanishing sequence (e). Finally, we apply this result to a novel homogenization problem that involves two different coordinate frames and yields a limiting behavior governed by emerging microscopic translations. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 35B27, 49J45, 35B40


Using electric temperature rising,CaCl 2drying,NaHCO 3,and C 2H 2O 4 emitting CO 2,fumigation with PH 3and DDVP-C 2H 5OH applying,the effect of synthetic prevention of tyroglyphidae in the sutra library is remarkable .This method has not any harm to cultural relic in the sutra library.