In recent years, research around sensor networks has made significant progress. Increasingly, sensor networks are more present at almost every level of daily life. An interesting application of these, is their use for the localization of mobile entities such as animals, vehicles, humans, etc. In this work, the interest is focused on the localization of patients in a psychiatric center. Most of the work around the location of mobile entities is based on models for planning or predicting the trajectory of the mobile entity. However, for humans, even more psychiatric patients, it is difficult if not almost impossible to predict or plan their displacement successfully. It is in this context that the present workoffers this simple and effective indoor localization approach, which is based on the received signal strength indicator and the history of the mobile sensor's journey, to determine its position. In this technique, patients wear sensors without GPS on their arm. It is these sensors that will locate patients in the center in real time. The implementation and simulation of this approach made it possible to validate its effectiveness in terms of accuracy and localization time. General Terms Indoor Localization, Accuracy


We propose and analyze a new proportional share allocation algorithm for time shared resources. We assume that the resource is allocated in time quanta of size q. To each client, we associate a weight which determines the relative share from the resource that the client should receive. We deene the notion of fairness in the context of an idealized system in which the resource is assumed to be granted in arbitrarily small intervals of time. Mainly, we show that in steady conditions our algorithm guarantees that the diierence between the service time that a client should receive in the idealized system and the service time it actually receives in the real system is bounded by the size q of a time quantum. The algorithm provides support for dynamic operations, such as a client joining or leaving the competition (for the resource), and changing a client's weight. By using an eecient augmented binary search tree data structure we implement these operations in O(log n), where n represents the number of clients competing for the resource.


The effect of solution-treated temperature at 1 000 ℃~1 300 ℃ on microstructure of S32750 steel was studied by using the electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)technique.The results showed that the solution temperature must be over 1 050 ℃ in order to eliminate σ-phase of hot rolling steel.With the increasing of solution temperature,α-phase content increased and γ-phase content decreased The optimum solution temperature was 1 050 ℃~1 100 ℃.The grain size of α-phase grew up rapidly above 1 200 ℃.


Background: Over the last decade, utilization of ultrasound technology by non-radiologist physicians has grown. Recent advances in affordability, durability, and portability have brought ultrasound to the forefront as a sustainable and high impact technology for use in developing world clinical settings as well. However, ultrasound's impact on patient management plans, program sustainability, and which ultrasound applications are useful in this setting has not been well studied.


Objectives: In this study, we investigated the sleep status of medical personnel in selected regions of China during the pandemic years of 2020 to 2022; we also considered their health behavior (HB). Methods: We used a random sampling method to select medical personnel
 for data collection in Shandong Province and its surrounding areas. For assessment instruments we used the General Situation Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Inventory (PSQI), Self-Assessment Scale for Anxiety (SAS), and Self-Assessment Scale for Depression (SDS). Results:
 A total of 621 medical personnel participated, with a mean PSQI score of 11.37±3.79. The overall detection rate of insomnia was 88.73%, with 16.79% indicating severe insomnia. The primary sleep disorder among medical staff was daytime dysfunction, followed by difficulty
 falling asleep, poor sleep quality, and sleep efficiency. Various factors including age, education, position/title, abnormal menstruation, working age, income, night shift, and work intensity significantly influenced sleep quality. Advanced age, higher education, higher position/title, abnormal
 menstruation, working night shift, and higher work intensity emerged as risk factors; having longer working years was protective. Income was a compound factor affecting sleep. Conclusion: Increasing attention to the sleep situation of medical personnel is crucial, as these factors may
 impact their HB.


The issue of the Russian Federation's armed aggression against Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity is perhaps the most pressing on the agenda of not only Ukraine but the entire world. And one of the most practical aspects, which is also a challenge, is the issue of compensation for damages caused by Russia's armed aggression. At the same time, it is important to consider the issue of such compensation not only in the context of the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on the 24th of February 2022, but also taking into account Russia's territorial encroachment on the territory of Donbas and the territory of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea since 2014.Therefore, the article is devoted to the analysis of the mechanisms for protecting and restoring the right to peaceful enjoyment of possessions in Ukrainian legislation developed in response to the violation of this right by the Russian Federation as part of its armed aggression starting from 2014 and until the 24th of February 2022.The author analyzes in detail the existing regulatory framework for the mechanism of compensation for damages since 2014 and compares it with the international law basis. In particular, the article discusses the disadvantages and advantages of the Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine "On the Payment of Financial Compensation to Victims Whose Residential Buildings (Apartments) were Destroyed as a Result of a Military Emergency Caused by the Armed Aggression of the Russian Federation" No. 767 of the 2 September 2020, as well as the Draft Law of Ukraine "On Protection of Property Rights and Other Proprietary Rights of Persons Affected by Armed Aggression".In the context of legal regulation of the restoration of the right to peaceful enjoyment of property violated since 2014, the author highlights the issues of the subjects, type of property, requirements for its territorial location for compensation, types of damages, feasibility of compensation amounts, the process of compensation, as well as the problem of non-extension of the envisaged regulation to the case of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, taking into account only damages in the territory of Donetsk and Luhansk regions.The author draws special attention to the international legal aspects of the problem of restoration of the right to peaceful enjoyment of possessions, in particular, to the incorrect terminology in national regulation which, by its effect, lies in the plane of international humanitarian law, the need for compensation by the Russian Federation as the aggressor who caused the damage, and not only by Ukraine as a State seeking to ensure the basic needs of its citizens grossly violated as a result of Russia's territorial encroachment, and the need to include damages incurred since 2014 in the general compensation mechanism being developed to restore the right to peaceful enjoyment of possessions violated as a result of the full-scale invasion in 2022.


This letter presents parametric uncertainty bounds (PUBs) for stabilizing receding horizon ∞ control (RHHC). The proposed PUBs are obtained easily by solving convex optimization problems represented by linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). We show, by numerical example, that the RHHC can guarantee a ∞ norm bound for a larger class of uncertain systems than conventional infinite horizon ∞ control (IHHC).


To solve the strength problem of blade wheel of a high-power torque converter used on tracked vehicle,a analysis model is set up for the blade wheel strength of torque converter based on the one-way fluid solid interaction(FSI) theory.A globally conservative interpolation algorithm is used to convert the fluid pressure load from flow field mesh nodes to structure mesh nodes.In the light of inertial centrifugal load,the statics method is used for a finite element strength analysis of a blade wheel of torque converter under the two loads,and its stress distribution and deformation state are obtained.Two hazardous working conditions-the starting working condition and the maximum power working condition—are analyzed in detail.An effective method is provided for the strength analysis of blade wheel.


Background— The coexistence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter (AFL) is well recognized. AF precedes the onset of AFL in almost all instances. We evaluated the effect of 2 ablation strategies in patients with paroxysmal AF (PAF) and AFL. Methods and Results— Ninety-eight patients with PAF/AFL were prospectively recruited to undergo pulmonary vein cryoisolation (PVI). Those with at least 1 episode of sustained common-type AFL were assigned to cavotricuspid isthmus cryoablation followed by a 6-week monitoring period and a subsequent PVI (n=36; group I). Patients with PAF only underwent PVI (n=62; group II). The study included 76 men with a mean age of 50±10 years. Most patients (76 [78%]) had no structural heart disease. When the 2 groups were compared, residual AF after a blanking period of 3 months after PVI occurred in 24 patients (67%) in group I versus 7 (11%) in group II (P<0.05). Conclusions— In patients with PAF and no documented common-type AFL, PVI alone prevented the occurrence of AF in 82%, whereas in patients with AFL/PAF, cavotricuspid isthmus cryoablation and PVI were used successfully to treat sustained common-type AFL but appeared to be insufficient to prevent recurrences of AF. In this population, AFL can be a sign that non–pulmonary vein triggers are the culprit behind AF or that sufficient electrical remodeling has already occurred in both atria, and thus a strategy that includes substrate modification may be required.


The concept of regulatory approval in the United States based on substantial evidence from a single adequate and well‐controlled clinical study is not a new or radical concept. Appropriate discussions and developmental milestone meetings between sponsors and U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have provided a means to reach a shared understanding of specific situations where a single adequate and well‐controlled study may yield substantial evidence to enable a regulatory approval in the United States. FDA's issuance of its final guidance document on evidence of clinical effectiveness brought additional attention to this topic. The basis in US law, regulations, and guidance for regulatory decision making based on a single adequate and well‐controlled trial is reviewed. Further, to illustrate practical implementation of these provisions, this paper summarizes a number of examples of situations in which a single clinical study was the basis for approval by FDA. These examples were grouped into categories for the purpose of illuminating the patterns of established regulatory precedents. Sufficient examples were available to show logical groupings of experiences to demonstrate circumstances in drug development where there are reasonable precedents for use of a single adequate and well‐controlled trial for regulatory decision making. Regulatory decision‐making based on a single adequate and well‐controlled trial appears to be a well‐accepted approach to attaining approval for 1) use of a product for a new indication where patients attain a significant reduction in morbidity or mortality (or both) with treatment with a drug that was previously approved for a related indication, 2) a new dosage regimen for a previously approved product, and 3) a Supplemental Application seeking traditional approval of a product based on confirmatory evidence of clinical efficacy for a product subject to accelerated approval. Not surprisingly, reliance on a single adequate and well‐controlled trial as the basis for approval of an original NDA or BLA for a new chemical entity or new biologic has been infrequent and typically limited to special situations where patients are refractory to other available therapies or where no alternative therapy exists. The examples presented here illustrate a range of practical experiences where a single adequate and well‐controlled trial has successfully provided the primary basis for regulatory approval in the United States. This information should assist developers of drugs and biologics in their consideration of alternative approaches to development and registration of new products and new indications.


Modern comprehensive development of telecommunications means is on the path of globalization and personalization of communications, the intensive creation of new means and systems of terrestrial and satellite based and, as well, their wide integration. The creation of new global telecommunication systems and networks, the intensive development of corporate communication systems, a significant increase in personal communications and the volume of services provided highlights the problem of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of various telecommunications, and in particular radio-electronic means of transmitting and receiving information [1]. The need to analyze the problems of EMC arises both when carrying out certain activities related to changes in the electromagnetic environment (EME) in a group, and as a result of the introduction of certain measures to improve EMC in this group. In recent years, there is an increasing need for radical changes and redistribution of plans for the used frequency bands due to a change in requirements primarily for mobile communication systems (MCS). Practice shows [2] that the radio-frequency range plays an increasingly important role in various tasks, including in modern infocommunication systems [3]. Moreover, the radio-frequency spectrum is gradually redistributed to meet the modern needs of the information society. The development of modern wireless systems for various purposes entails the use Received date 06.08.2019


Fe3O4 nanoparticles were employment as an efficient and magnetically separable Nano catalyst for the synthesis of amides via one-pot Beckmann rearrangement of ketones under solvent-free conditions. Various secondary amides were synthesized by this method in moderate to good yields. The catalyst showed high thermal stability and was recovered and reused at least five times without any considerable loss of activity. The present process is environmentally benign and economical


Abstract This empirical study investigates the causal factors affecting support for sustainable tourism development (SSTD) at a world heritage site in Bisotun, a city in Kermanshah Province, Iran. It uses social exchange theory to assess the effects of community attachment, community involvement, perceived benefits, and perceived costs on SSTD. Using social identity theory, it identifies whether these associations significantly vary across four different community groups: farmers, businesses, handicraft sellers, and local government employees. A questionnaire was administered to 489 respondents from these four community groups in the Bisotun area. The hypotheses were tested using structural equation modelling and invariance metric tests. The results revealed that community attachment, community involvement, and perceived benefits had a significant and positive impact on SSTD. The results of the metric invariance tests show that the effects of community attachment and community involvement on SSTD varied across the community groups at this world heritage site located in a developing country. The study discusses the theoretical and managerial implications of these findings.


The semidirect x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy technique was used to measure the band alignments at the interface of heterostructures based on SnS. The layers were deposited by electrochemical deposition (ECD), chemical bath deposition (CBD), or photochemical deposition (PCD). The following four kinds of heterojunctions were characterized. (1) ECD-SnS/PCD-CdS. (2) CBD-SnS/PCD-CdS. (3) ECD-SnS/ECD-InSxOy. (4) CBD-SnS/ECD-InSxOy. The valence band offsets ΔEV of those four heterojunctions are determined to be 1.34, 1.59, 0.77, and 0.74±0.3 eV, respectively.


Battery temperature is a key performance metric that drives greater importance due to recent development in fast charging methodologies. This paper presents a discrete time thermo-electric battery model which estimates instantaneous battery temperature. Proposed model is then subjected to a temperature sensitive control system which determines the pulse width of the pulse charging operation. Simulation results indicate the range of charging current magnitude in which fast charging is possible while maintaining the battery temperature in a safe operating zone.


Stimuli-responsive wettability means that the surface wettability can vary with environmental stimuli such as temperature, solvent, electric field, pH or light. Due to the special properties, surfaces with stimuli-responsive wettability have great prospects in chemical engineering, medical treatment and agriculture. In this article, we summarize the research progress on surfaces with stimuli-responsive wettability.


In synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging, low scene contrast may degrade the performance of most of the existing autofocus methods. In this paper, by dividing a slow-time signal into three isolated components, namely target, clutter, and noise, in SAR imaging, a novel parametric statistical model is proposed during the coherent processing interval. Based on the model, Cramer-Rao bounds (CRBs) of the estimation of unknown parameters are derived. It is shown that the CRBs of the target parameter estimation strongly depend on the background, i.e., clutter and noise, and the CRBs of the background parameter estimation may be obtained regardless of the target component. Motivated from this result and using the estimated background parameters, a novel effective parametric autofocus method is developed, which is applicable to any scene contrast. In addition, a preprojection is also introduced to simplify the subsequent parameter estimation. Finally, the proposed model and the novel method are illustrated by some real SAR data.


Since the Black Lives Matter movement rose to mainstream prominence, the academic enterprise has started recognizing the systematic racism present in science. However, there have been relatively few efforts to make sure that the language used to communicate science is inclusive. Here, I quantify the number of research articles published between 2000 and 2020 that contained non-inclusive terms with racial connotations, such as "blacklist" and "whitelist", or "master" and "slave". This reveals that non-inclusive language is being increasingly used in the life sciences literature, and I urge the global academic community to expunge these archaic terms to make science inclusive for everyone.


Student engagement with assessment feedback is regarded as essential to learning and teaching practice at university, but feedback that is presented to students in written-only form often fails to engage students or support their learning. One of the main problems with assessment feedback that is transmitted to students in written form is that students do not fully grasp the learning purpose of the feedback process. This paper presents findings on students' perceptions offeedback and how those perceptions were impacted through participation in the FFF strategy in the course COR109 Communication and Thought at the University of the Sunshine Coast. This strategy offers a 10 minute individual consultation for every student with their tutor to discuss feedback related to their first major piece of assessment, thereby changing the feedback process from a linear to transactional process.; ;


Abstract Maps of vertebrate distributions resulting from the Kansas Gap Analysis were compared with maps based on ecological-niche modeling of primary point-occurrence information. The latter maps were considerably more predictive of independent sets of test data than were the Gap maps, further supporting the idea that the method of Gap wildlife-habitat modeling has little analytical power. In general, the Kansas Gap maps were untested and unchecked, thus being heterogeneous, unreliable, and of little use for further analyses.


Green electrodeposition is a concept where electrodeposition is carried out sustainably; with safety, society, and environmental aspects playing a significant role in decision-making. ECS and electrochemists have seen large changes in the use of materials and chemicals over the last 50 years: for example, the slow phase out of mercury in labs and industry due to its toxicity [1]. On the other hand, the development of DSA and Boron-doped Diamond (BDD) electrodes have provided strategies for effluent control [2]. The Electrodeposition and Electroless Division (EDLP) members also would have faced challenges over the last 40 years. This could have involved replacing Cr(VI) electrolytes [3], Cd-based coatings, or developing cyanide-free processes [4]. In many cases EDLP has led the exploration of a new set of functional materials: an exemplar being "Get the Lead Out" Symposia Series focused on the development of Pb-free solders.
 Green Electrodeposition is a marriage of Green Chemical Principles and Electrodeposition. Green Chemical Principles [5], urges one to focus on the reduction of waste, atom economy, energy efficiency, benign solvents, etc. These guidelines are useful for the development of any process, including electrodeposition processes. To adopt these principles, one has to understand and consider the stability of chemical formulations [6], surface electrochemistry that enables electrodeposition [7] and energy and atom efficiency of the process [8]. Electrochemistry, in particular, is a low temperature, low pressure process using electrons to drive reactions which reduces waste. It should therefore follow, that electrochemistry has a significant advantage in offering "Green" processes if developed, implemented and monitored carefully.
 The talk will focus on how the concept started which simply focused on "prevention of generating" of waste. In particular it examined the notion of development of alternative formulations, the thermodynamics of stable electrolytes and associated issues. The application of this approach towards the development of gold deposition using non-cyanide baths for opto-electronic devices [9] will serve as an exemplar. Following this, the talk will focus effluent remediation of waste from printed circuit board manufacturing [10] and its extension to clean up of galvanic sludge from plating companies [11]. If time permits the use of engineering methodologies using current pulsing, novel agitation schemes and monitoring methods for energy efficiency and metal recycling and recovery will also be discussed.

 References:

 Castner-Kellner process as described in https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castner%E2%80%93Kellner_process; Mercury poisoning – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury_poisoning. Accessed 07/04/2022.

 Panniza, E. Brillas, C. Comninellis, J. Environ. Eng. Manage., 18(3), 139 (2008).

 Liang, L. Ni, Q. Liu, J. Zhang, Surf. Coatings Tech., 218, 23 (2013).

 Okinaka, M. Hoshino, Gold Bull, 31, 3 (1980); T. A. Green, Gold Bull. 40, 105 (2007).

 https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/greenchemistry/principles/12-principles-of-green-chemistry.html. Accessed 07/04/2022.

 Green, A. E. Russell, S. Roy, J. Electrochem. Soc, 145, 875(1998).

 Mattsson and J. M. Bockris, Trans. Faraday Soc., 55, 1586 (1959).

 E. G. Hansal and M. Halmdienst, "Energy and Material Considerations", Pulse Plating, 1st Ed., pp. 184-188. Eds. W. Hansal and S. Roy, Leuze Verlag (2012).

 J. Liew, S. Roy, K. Scott, Green Chemistry 5, 376 (2003).

 Buckle and S. Roy, Separation and Purification Tech., 62, 86(2008); R. Buckle & S. Roy, 2006, ECS Transactions: Green Electrodeposition, 1, 13, pp. 53-58.

 T. Huyen, T. D. Dang, M. T. Tung, N. T. T. Huyen, T. A. Green and S. Roy, Hydrometallurgy,164, 295 (2016).


Globalization refers to increased integration of nation states through economic exchanges, political ties, technological development and cultural influences. While globalisation can be understood from political, cultural and technological facets, in this research, focus is made on economic globalization. The research explores how existing forms of international trade, capital mobility and technological innovations affect developing countries. While economic globalization has positive, innovative and dynamic aspects, it involves negative, disruptive and marginalizing aspects. This scenario raises questions of economic justice such as inequality, marginalization, financial instability, trade imbalances and reduced of human development in the process.


its greatest weakness. So strong is the focus on a single composer that almost all other discussion of Czech melodrama in the volume seems as though it is an afterthought—in fact, the discussion of Foerster, Ostr ̌ cil, and Suk does not appear until the epilogue in a limited capacity (although in this instance this is probably owing to the study's adherence to fairly strict chronology). The first hundred pages of the book, impressively detailed as they are, read as an extended introduction and it is not always clear how this context relates to melodrama in the Czech lands—or, more accurately, Prague, as no other Bohemian or Moravian centre is discussed at length—and if it is required in quite so much detail. It is not until the very end of the third chapter that the relevance of the earlier material—Jesuit drama and Benda's melodramas—is made explicitly clear: Fibich would later revive Benda's melodramas for audiences in Prague, but this revival and its relation to Fibich's own works for the melodramatic stage are not explored later. Because the 'contextualizing' section is informed mostly by older literature, and newer studies, such as Katherine Hambridge and Jonathan Hicks's edited volume The Melodramatic Moment: Music and Theatrical Culture, 1790–1820 (Chicago, 2018) for example, are conspicuously absent, the book misses the opportunity to engage in dialogue or debate with more recent scholarly explorations of melodrama. It likewise misses an opportunity to acknowledge other authors and composers of mélodrame beyond Pixérécourt, like Louis Alexandre Piccinni (1779–1850). Although Fibich is the focus for much of the book, the context of his concert and stage melodramas is not always clear, neither in regard to melodrama history, Czech melodrama specifically, nor the contemporary theatrical scene of the late nineteenth century (especially considering that Wagner is mentioned a number of times during the discussion of Fibich's Hippodamia). It seems that the author recognizes that this is the case in claiming that 'Fibich's Hippodamie occupies a distinctive moment in cultural history—when an inspired work without real precedent or subsequent lineage is created' (p. 166). Were this in fact the case, it would have been helpful had the extended contextualization of melodrama that formed the first half of the book been focused more precisely on theatre and melodrama performance in Bohemia and Moravia as well as their (theatrical) relationship to other Habsburg realms more widely. The passing reference to the appearance of Fibich's scenic melodramas during Vienna's international music and theatre exhibition of 1892 in the book's second half, for example, would then perhaps have been an ideal place to highlight, and open the discussion up to, the wider significance of this moment. Judith A. Mabary's Contextualizing Melodrama in the Czech Lands in Concert and on Stage makes meaningful contributions to the growing literature on melodrama. By focusing on Czech repertory, it comprises a welcome addition, addressing a national tradition often afforded little attention in anglophone studies. But it largely does so without engaging with recent scholarship that look beyond purely national and 'popular' and 'elite' melodramatic repertories to see what characteristics they share and the mechanics of cultural transfer lying behind them. That said, the study does acknowledge, if obliquely, the transnational appearance of German and French melodrama on the Czech stage, though its significance is largely left to readers to make out for themselves. The book also suggests at times that Czech, German, and French melodrama as an urban phenomenon was closer than previously noticed. Yet it is specifically in its detailed exploration of Fibich's Czech concert and scenic melodramas that this book has the most to offer, even if the task of contextualizing them in their contemporary musico-theatrical contexts is yet to be completed.


Considerable numbers of traditional elements can be found in Jeong Ji-Yong's early poetry. One of the most significant implications in Jeong Ji-Yong's early poetry is its folk style, which has been discussed in quite a few times. Surprisingly, discussions on Folk Style Poem Collection, of its term 'Folk Style' has been denominated by Jeong Ji-Yong himself, however, would not seem to be placed quite actively. In addition, it has been concluded that previous discussions on Jeong Ji-Yong's poetry was only focused on his borrowing of folk style, which resulted in lack of detailed discussion on emotional contexts of folk style, Thus, this paper will review the format of Jeong Ji-Yong's Folk Style Poem Collection and his mental orientation based on its format. Presumably, the main format of Jeong Ji-Yong's Folk Style Poem Collection is closely connected with the principle of folk style's extended edition. The insertion, which takes place in folk song's oral transmission site, can be processed by adding performer's own lyrics into its original lyrics and making it extended edition. In this process, individual songs can be affected as a whole component with overall organic characteristics. The process of putting four pieces of poetry into one collection under the same category of Folk Style Poem Collection has a similar aspect of folk song's style of extended edition. This feature shows in the formal characteristics of symbols, functioning as a ring phrase and nonformal word spacing. Jeong Ji-Yong also made it clear of the value of his words (languages) in his thought. This rather has dynamic and fluid forms, which is totally different from the words that produce stereotype and fixed structure and value, The image of the words, which Jeong ji-Yong pursued had constantly shown in his works from Folk Style Poem Collection to Nostalgia. Words in his work pieces represent dynamics and openness, which embraces various things.


Considering the Widespread use of battery-powered systems,due to the requirements of the power supply voltage monitoring.The reliability of reset circuit plays a very important role in the stability of the entire system.Research and Design a low-power,high-performance rest chip,during the case of power on and power supply drops condition to provide a reset signal to the microprocessor.When the power supply voltage drops below a preset threshold voltage,Outputs a reset signal until the power supply voltage back to the threshold voltage then continue to persist for a period of time for the smooth recovery of the entire system.Active-Low reset signal.The chip using CMOS035 standard CMOS process,Use Cadence Spectre for Simulation,the operating current only 10uA.The chip has been successfully used in industrial control systems.


The oral transmission of early Christian traditions continues to be a subject of scholarly interest (see, e.g., Bauckham, J. Dewey, Dunn, Gerhardsson, Hearon, Kelber, Le Donne, Wire). Relatively unexplored is the intersection between the transmission of oral traditions and music as a medium of communication in the ancient world. In turn, while there is no shortage of studies on music, singing, and hymnody in the early church (Cosgrove, McKinnon, Quasten, J. A. Smith, W. S. Smith, Page, to name but a few), these studies tend to focus more on questions of terminology, origins, settings, and content than on how music functioned as a medium of communication. In this essay, I seek to fill this gap by examining music as a medium of communication in the ancient world and proposing ways in which attention to music opens new avenues of exploration in the study of oral traditions.


The passenger car unit (pcu) value of each class of vehicles has been found to be of prime importance in the study of mixed traffic flow, particularly in studies concerning traffic flow parameters, capacity, signal design and parking lots. Though the pcu values to be used for the different classes of vehicles on rural road stretches have been proposed by the Indian Roads Congress, the values for urban road stretches, intersections and kerb parking have not yet been standardised for use in India. A study was conducted on typical urban roads so as to cover different aspects of road geometrics, traffic and environmental conditions. A model has been developed for arriving at pcu values. Three sets of pcu values have been worked out for (i) urban road stretches (mid-block sections), (II) signalized intersections, and (III) kerb parking. These values may be tentatively adopted on urban roads in India until more rational and variable design vehicle units dependent on roadway and traffic factors are developed. (TRRL)


The third and final article in a series dedicated to the memory of the outstanding British sculptor Anthony Caro (1924-2013). The article examines the period of Caro's work from early 1980s to early 2010s. At this time his attitude to plastic form is undergoing significant changes as compared to the 1960-1970s, when he was perceived as one of the leaders of abstract sculpture. His major later works large-scale installations that use all kinds of materials, including metal, wood and stone. The publication analyzes the most significant works of Caro executed since the 1980s, and discusses the general trends in the art of this period. Final conclusions related to the definition of creativity originality of Caro, clarifying his outstanding role in the history of modern sculpture and contemporary art.


We investigated the influence of factors of the acute phase of inflammation (purified anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a, pentraxin C-reactive protein (CRP), and aggregated. IgG (aIgG) — as an analogue of circulating immune complexes) on the adhesive interaction of human mast cells (MC) with human fibroblasts (FB). HMC-1 MC line and primary human foreskin FB were used. MC or FB were treated with each of the studied inflammatory proteins within 24 h and then the changes in their adhesive properties were examined. Cell adhesion was assessed by flow cytometry. The results showed that all studied proteins increased MC adhesiveness, whereas FB adhesiveness was increased only by anaphylatoxins. Stimulation of the adhesive properties of the MC was associated with increased expression of CD11b and ICAM-1 molecules.


Embodiment of the present invention provides a communication apparatus in a radio frequency system. Communication apparatus using a frame structure is set with a single beam for each of the S domain in the scan will be a sector of a cell, and prior to the space (S) to poll all the time (T) region in the region in the time-division manner or cover T configured to transmit synchronization sequences to the user equipment in the area scan module frame structure that is carried on a beam signal; And to ensure that the completion of the scanning for the user equipment, receiving a sequence that is fed back by a user equipment, determines the location of the user equipment according to the sequence, the base station of the user equipment and the user equipment to a serving beam for communicating position It comprises a determination module configured to determine according to the. Embodiments of the present invention further provides a method of scanning in high frequency systems. By using the invention, and the increased effective coverage rate of the base station signal in the cell, and the users in the cell reduces the waiting time for receiving a base station signal, it can be improved user experience, within the overall coverage of the cell.


cross cultural perspectives on youth and violence is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our digital library saves in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the cross cultural perspectives on youth and violence is universally compatible with any devices to read.


. Starting from the proposition that neo-conservative governments would wish to increase competition in the telecommunications market and that socialist governments would wish to retain a network monopoly which protects small consumers, this paper explores telecommunications policy in a number of industrialised countries. It argues that there is little convergence between policies adopted by neo-conservative regimes and that socialist governments are as likely to liberalise or privatise the telecommunications monopoly. A number of explanatory variables are explored, including federalism, trade union strength and industrial policy goals. The article concludes that the conjuncture of political and economic interests in any one country is likely to be different from that in any other. These conjunctures determine outcomes in policy terms and no country is likely to follow closely American experience in liberalisation.


﬈e paper reports the results of die studies of three major Ptolemaic gold coinages of Alexandria: the coinage in the name of the ﬈eoi Adelphoi, featuring the jugate busts of the two first Lagid couples — the mnaieia in the name of Arsinoe Philadelphus — and the main issue of mnaieia depicting the radiate Ptolemy III wearing the aegis like a chlamys. ﬈e die studies reveal a distinct production pattern for each of these coinages. Elemental analyses identify the stocks of metal used, and provide new evidence for the absolute chronology of the first two coinages. ﬈e authors also discuss other evidence relevant to chronology, hoards and circulation, and the probable մեnctions of the three coinages.


The affordability problems of acquiring home ownership in Australia have attracted much attention in recent years. This has led to many suggested (and some implemented) schemes to reduce these problems either by restructuring loan repayments or by providing subsidies to selected groups of people who are in most need of assistance to buy their own homes. There has been little attempt to measure the cost to the government of these latter subsidy schemes. This study continues a previous theoretical analysis which quantifies cash flow profiles over the lifetime of houses, taking into account detailed estimates of housing costs, the characteristics of the size of loan, distribution of loan sizes with income, the length of residence and whether the loan is for a first or subsequent home. Comparison of schemes for subsidising home ownership, identification of significant differences in costs, both annual and lifetime, and assessment from the governmental viewpoint are demonstrated by examples.


OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical significance of measurements of uric acid or uric acid/creatinine in COPD patients.METHODS 66 COPD patients were selected in our hospital from June 2010 to 2011 June.According to the level,COPD patients were divided into three groups,20 patients in COPDII level group;24 cases in COPDIII level group;22 cases in COPDIV group.And simultaneously Selected 20 hospitalized cases of pneumonia,acute bronchitis as the control group.Observed serum uric acid,creatinine,and lung function FEV of patients with COPD in three groups before and after treatment.At the same time,compare the RESULTS with the control group.RESULTS Before treatment,the higher classification of COPD had,the higher serum uric acid(UA)level was.UA in three groups were significantly higher than in the control group,which in IV-level group was significantly higher than Class II and Class III group,the difference between the two groups was significant,P﹤0.05;Pa02 of patients in three groups was significantly lower than in the control group,the difference was significant,P﹤0.05;after treatment,UA,Pa02 was significantly decreased than those before treatment,there was a significant difference in the three groups before and after treatment,P﹤0.05.CONCLUSION COPD patients' serum uric acid change with patients' disease condition.Uric acid can be detected in patients with COPD to provide a referenceto determine the patient's condition,which with a high clinical value.


The ADS proton linac adopts £=0.12 superconducting Spoke cavities. Each cavity is powered via a 325 MHz coaxial power coupler. The coupler is to feed 6 kW maximum power though it is designed to handle at 15 kW .Two coupler sets have been made by IHEP so far, and a 10 kW RF power in continuous travelling wave mode has passed through the coupler during high power test in late January 2013. An introduction of this coupler design and the room temperature test results are presented in this paper.


Introduction: Membrane-bound angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has been identified to a have prominent role in SARS-COV-2 infection and is an important counter-regulator of renin-angiotensin s...


We show that, in generic higher-order scalar-tensor theories which avoid the Ostrogradsky instability, the presence of a scalar field significantly modifies the propagation of matter perturbations, even in weakly curved backgrounds. This affects notably the speed of sound in the atmosphere of the Earth. It can also generate instabilities in homogeneous media. We use this to constrain the viable higher-order scalar-tensor models.


A mathematical model is established by linear programming,solving the problems about match excavation of multi-seam mining in Limestone Mine of Tangshan Jidong Cement Ltd.,increasing its exconomy benefit and accelerating its sustainable development.


In recent years, many IPv6 networks have been deployed, and the security issues of which arouse more and more public concern. It is commonly believed that IPv6 provides greater security against random-scanning worms by virtue of a very large address space. However, a clever worm can develop a more intelligent scanning strategy to find target hosts. This paper presents a worm which uses the p2p-based hit-list scan strategy to propagate. This worm applied a two-level scanning mechanism to find its targets in IPv6 internet. Based on this idea, we model the behavior of such a worm, and simulation is performed to validate the worm propagation model. Research results demonstrate that this worm can significantly promotes worm propagation in IPv6 internet. We hope that our work can assist in detecting and limiting future worm propagation.


Neuronal cold sensitivity has recently attracted particular attention with several reports and comments on cold and menthol sensitive ion channels and membrane receptors [7,8,9]. However, all of these studies were performed at the somata of isolated and cultured cell bodies from trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia although the physiological sites of temperature encoding are the sensory nerve terminals in the skin. The reason is that these are very tiny and sparsely distributed nerve endings [5] which, so far, prevented any direct recordings of membrane potentials and ion currents. Information about cold transduction, previous to the above mentioned studies on neurons somata, could only be obtained with extracellular action potential recordings from the afferent fibres. Based on such impulse recordings, cold receptors could clearly be classified according to the following criteria [5]: a) spontaneous activity at constant temperatures over a broad temperature range (between about 5°C and 35°C), b) transient frequency increase on fast cooling and transient inhibition of the firing rate on fast warming, c) no responses to moderate mechanical stimuli. Further impulse patterns analysis indicated that stimulus encoding in cold receptors – as well as in other temperature sensitive receptors is based on the modulation of membrane potential oscillations with contribution of noise [1,2] which, more recently, could successfully be simulated with a Hodgkin-Huxley-type computer model [3,4]. Physiological plausible temperature scaling of the time constant of ion current activation revealed to be sufficient – with minor changes of the maximum conductances to account for the static temperature dependencies. However, there was no experimentally justified idea about the nature of the membrane processes which generate the specific dynamic responses of cold receptors. This was one of the last unsolved problems of peripheral sensory receptors. Hence, above mentioned recordings of cold sensitive ion currents are considered an essential step forward towards a better understanding of the ionic mechanisms of cold transduction with comments like "Cold emerging from the fog" [7]. However, the same authors also say that "much remains to be clarified". One of the reasons is that the cold receptors somata obviously lack major features of the cold sensitive nerve endings. The most obvious difference is that the somata fire action potentials only transiently during fast cooling but do not show spontaneous discharges at constant temperatures the first point of the criteria for cold receptors. Such discrepancies raise the question whether the results from the somata can really shed light on transduction mechanisms at the sensory terminals. As the discrepancies undoubtedly exist, we have to deal with the more specific question whether the lack of spontaneous activity is caused by qualitative differences of cold sensitive membrane mechanisms or by rather unspecific, quantitative differences between receptors and somata. It is near at hand first of all to consider the morphological differences between cell bodies and peripheral nerve ending, i.e. the differences in size. The somata are, for sure, manifolds bigger than the terminals which means that they should have a much higher membrane capacitance than the tiny nerve terminals. Also the leakage conductance should be much higher while the expression of specific ion channels might not increase to the same extent. Hence, the idea is that the lack of spontaneous activity in the soma is due to a lower density of cold sensitive ion channels. This cannot be tested experimentally for the same reasons that prevent intracellular recordings from the nerve terminal: no access. However, we can make use of the above mentioned computer model [3,4] in which we have additionally included a transient cold current Icold to account for the dynamic responses. Icold depends on the slope of the temperature change (1uA/cm*s per °C/s) and relaxates to zero at a time constant of 4 s. Fig. 1A shows an impulse recording from a peripheral cold sensitive afferent and Fig. 1B the corresponding computer simulation which mimics the experimental impulse sequences fairly well. Icold introduces a transient high frequency discharge with subsequent adaptation to static activity including burst discharges (impulse groups) riding on subthreshold oscillations. Next, we tested whether spontaneous activity is eliminated when the size of our model neuron is increased and the ion channel density is reduced. As exact information about the absolute values of membrane properties and the size of the peripheral terminals is not available, we linearly increased the membrane capacitance and leakage conductance and kept all other model parameters constant (Fig. 1C). Indeed, spike activity disappeared already at an approximately 60% increase of these values. At an about 100% increase also subthreshold oscillations were almost eliminated. A stable membrane potential with only random fluctuations remained. Now we had to make the second test to see whether under these conditions dynamical responses on a cold stimulus still can be induced. Indeed, the cold stimulus also induced a transient discharge in the model soma which is lacking spontaneous activity (Fig. 1D). The rsponse is very similar to the recent electrophysiological recordings from isolated somata as, for example, shown in Viana et al., Figs. 2 and 3 [9]. Even transient occurrences of slow-wave oscillations can be seen. Hence, the "cold receptor model" has been converted into a "soma model" with modifications of only passive membrane properties. This simulation study, of course, is not a proof but it is a strong argument to justify the use of isolated cell bodies for examination of sensory transduction processes as long as direct access to the nerve terminals is not possible. Additionally, our study might have even broader implications considering that, for example, the ionic mechanisms of nociception can only be examined on the soma for the same reasons. More generally, these simulations have shown that seemingly minor changes can have drastic effects on the encoding properties which emphasizes the importance of the "operating point" as a very sensitive determinant of nonlinear system's dynamics which is worth to be examined in more detail. Last but not least, we think that our data convincingly demonstrate that computer modeling studies can be valuable tools for a better understanding of experimental data.


The neural network has been applied to many engineering problems such as pattern recognition, optimization, system identification and control because of its nonlinear mapping capability. Although the network has a great ability to acquire solution for given problems through learning, several problems are known such as the convergence to a local minimum solution and the empirical tuning of network parameter to obtain desired accuracy. Such an instability may be overcome by finding suitable network structure. The optimized network structure with minimum connection can be obtained by employing optimization techniques such as Genetic Algorithms. However, it is hardly applicable to time-varying systems in view of computation efficiency. In the present paper, we deal with the adaptive neural network controller which rearranges its connection structure suitably according to the given problems. The network is applied to vibration control problem of single degree of freedom nonlinear system, and the performance of the controller is discussed by numerical investigation.


The complexity of electronic systems in vehicles is rapidly increasing, and as a consequence, the long-term reliability of automotive connectors has become an important issue. The aims of this thes ...


This article explores best practices in student services for Student Service Members and Veterans (SSM/V) learners at a Midwestern state comprehensive university (SCU.) The Military Learner Academic Success Perception Survey (MLASPS) was administered to a small but targeted cohort population of SSM/V's enrolled in a customized Associate of Applied Science (AAS) program through the institution's new centralized student support center for SSM/V's. The research team collected data related to the enrolled students' perceived academic preparedness, student service needs, and academic motivation. Results informed the center about how to best serve SSM/V's in persisting through graduation. Results may also be valuable for other universities in the early phases of launching military-student initiatives and partnerships. Additionally, this research contributes to the literature surrounding academic motivation and retention/persistence of the SSM/V population and adds to the literature on the Academic Motivation Scale – College Version AMS-C28 survey instrument.


Prompted by legislative reform with respect to 'child begging' in the Irish Children Act 2001, this article examines the history and politics of 'child begging' and other children's work among the minority population of Travelling People in Ireland. Increased official focus on Traveller 'child begging' in the 1990s, and an attempt on the part of Traveller advocates to defend related children's work from criminalization, is located within the context of economic growth, social inequality, and struggles over cultural and children's rights.


Today is the Internet era, and our country is currently developing at a high speed, for the training of talents is also very important, in the era of globalization, the country for talent language level requirements are constantly improving. The traditional language teaching mode is no longer suitable for the development of the needs of language teaching mode should also be combined with the development of The Times. University is higher education institutions, but also introduce advanced language teaching mode, the development of the Internet for language teaching is a very rare opportunity and challenge, the Internet to bring great convenience and shortcut English teaching mode, teaching efficiency can be greatly improved, the rise of big data offers language teaching model. In this paper, the deficiencies of English teaching, combined with the characteristics of the Internet, through the relationship between the two online English teaching theory.


In this paper, a new spectral representation is introduced and applied to speech recognition. As the widely used LPC autocorrelation technique, it arises from an optimization approach that starts from a set of M+ 1 autocorrelations estimated from the signal samples. This new technique models the analytic spectrum (Fourier's transform of the causal autocorrelation sequence) by assuming that its cepstral coefficients are zero beyond M, and uses an extremely simple algorithm to compute the nonzero coefficients. In speech recognition, the same Euclidean cepstral distance measure that is the object of the optimization is also used to calculate the spectral dissimilarity. Preliminary recognition tests with this technique are presentad.


A new thermal-fatigue life prediction equation for a plastic ball grid array (PBGA) package with 95.5wt%Sn4.0wt%Ag0.5wt%Cu lead-free solder balls is proposed in this investigation. The test vehicle consists of the PBGA package, a lead-free PCB, and a lead-free solder paste (95.5wt%Sn3.9wt%Ag0.6wt%Cu). The coefficients of the fatigue equation presented herein are determined by best fit of the test vehicle's isothermal fatigue data tested at 60degC. Failure modes and locations of the failed samples are discussed


In this aptly titled book, David Fairris analyzes the changing regimes of shopfloor governance in America's leading manufacturing firms from the early years of this century to the present. His survey takes in the rise of company unions in the 1910s; the mature company unionism of the late 1920s; the intensely militant period of mass-production organizing in the late 1930s; the "fractional bargaining" of mid-century and the reactive "shopfloor contractualism" that replaced it during the 1960s; and the regime of "lean production," adapted from the Japanese, that took firm root during the 1980s. Fairris focuses on the "shopfloor ewards" derived by both workers and employers under each of these workplace regimes to track the shifting balance of power on the factory floor. Fairris packs a vast store of information and analysis into this slim volume. More important, however, is his creative use of statistical nalysis to gain insight into the ebbs and flows of shopfloor power associated with changing institutions and practices in plant-level industrial relations. Even readers who disagree with Fairris's interpretations will be well rewarded by an encounter with his analysis. Company unions, Fairris emphasizes, were developed by America's emerging corporate giants to reduce costly labor turnover. But lowering turnover induced a shift from "exit" to "voice" as the primary way for workers to express their discontent with factory conditions. Even as the new employer paternalism successfully fended off independent unions, it led to "both the increased desire for and decreased impediments to the formation of a collective voice mechanism" (p. 29). To legitimize their own authority and elicit workers' productivityenhancing cooperation, paternalistic employers had to respect and respond to workers' complaints. The result, argues Fairris, was "historically efficient," improving shopfloor outcomes for both parties. A statistical analysis, limited by small sample size but persuasive nonetheless, suggests that in the 1920s both injury rate reductions and productivity growth were higher in industries with more company unionism. Anticipating the skeptic's objection that rapid productivity growth is commonly associated with an intensified work pace, or "speedup," Fairris argues that when superior productivity performance is accompanied by declining injury rates, it is less likely to have been driven by a speedup, which ought to be associated with deteriorating shopfloor safety, than by improved communication and cooperation. Whatever their virtues, company unions were not equal to handling the strains brought on by the economic and political crisis of the 1930s. Indeed, they may have contributed to that crisis by unbottling the institutional genie of a legitimated factory worker "voice." In the growing maelstrom of CIO-style industrial agitation following passage of the Wagner Act, factory workers found they could exercise an "empowered shopfloor voice." This was not so much because they had opted for collective bargaining via independent unionism, argues Fairris, as because of increasingly bold shopfloor militancy, much of it centered around protests against work pace and production standards. Noting that the "substantive impact on shopfloor conditions of workers' empowerment during this period remains largely unexplored" (p. 83), Fairris performs a statistical analysis of his own. He finds that manufacturing industries with more militant and hence self-empowered workers, as proxied by the eventual degree of union representation, experienced significantly reduced productivity growth and perhaps a somewhat more rapid decline in injury rates. These patterns he reasonably interprets as evidence of workers' heightened collective power to regulate shopfloor conditions. In his case study of the meatpacking industry, Fairris cites a change in the character of plant-level disputes from "desperate expressions of discontent" to the "deliberate and controlled use of shopfloor tactics ... suggestive of the evolution towards a higher stage of collective and strategic empowerment" (p. 97). The evidence, how-


Hu et al. (2020), in their focal article, discussed the past, current, and future of research on information and communication technologies (ICTs) in industrial-organizational (IO) psychology and related research fields. While Hu et al. (2020) mentioned that they "categorize current themes of ICT research […] at the individual level of analysis" (p. 6), they did not provide an explanation for why they focused their review on only individual-level studies. Despite extensive research on how ICTs influence employee attitudes and behaviors (e.g., Gajendran & Harrion, 2007), significantly less attention has been paid to the impact of ICT-use on collective outcomes. Nevertheless, ICT-related policies and practices are applied to a whole team or firm;hence, their impact on team- or firm-level outcomes is worthy of further examination. Given that the current COVID-19 pandemic has forced most organizations to implement telecommuting (Gallup, 2020), we take telecommuting, one of the ICTs discussed in Hu et al. (2020), as an example to illustrate the importance of multi-level thinking in ICT research.


The objective of this study is to describe the socio-demographic indicators of populations and to determine the social variables that are related to reproductive loss. A program was organized to follow-up on the prevention and detection of perinatal risk in women of reproductive ages not using contraception. 573 Mexican women were selected for the study. The study lasted from 1979-81. Conclusions of the study indicated that the population studied was characterized by young women ranging in age from 14-29, with low educational levels, lack of skills, and a large percentage of reproductive loss, specifically intrauterine deaths. There was a correlation between the collective use of water and bathing facilities and reproductive loss. When collective water and bath usage was extended to include whole families, the percentage of intrauterine deaths increased. These statistically significant and unexpected relationships suggest greater risks for intrauterine deaths. Future studies on causes relating to neonatal deaths will require additional inclusion of biological and macrosocial indicators.


Abstract. This paper reviews some kinds of our investigated single-inductor dual-output (SIDO) DCDC switching converters with PWM control, ripple-based hysteretic control and soft switching control. First, buck type SIDO converters with PWM control are explained with the exclusive control method. Second, hysteretic controlled SIDO converters with the triangular signal generated by the CR-circuit connected across the inductor, and third, soft-switching SIDO converters with the half/full wave type resonance and with ZVS-PWM resonant control, while last the current controlled converters are presented. The novel technologies of these SIDO converters are described with circuit topologies, operation principles, simulation results and experimental results. Also their comparison is discussed.


The purpose of this work was to investigate the biomechanical motion of the occupant who is sitting in a rear box of a light truck undergoing a standard crash in order to suggest reasonable solutions. Another objective was to expose to the relevant authorities, concerned with road safety, the danger of transporting unprotected human passengers in such boxes. The research was conducted using the MADYMO 5.0 program. The model was a dummy sitting in a rear box which is undergoing deceleration of ECE-R 16 mid-severity crash (20 g, 50 km/h). Five main cases were examined: (1) no restraint system at all; (2) lap belt only; (3) padded wall only; (4) combination of a lap belt and padded wall and (5) a protective net together with a lap belt. Results show that in the case of no restraint systems the situation of the passenger can only be described as catastrophic and the use of a lap belt would cause even worse injury parameters. Two different solutions are suggested: (i) a padded wall, 100 mm thick with specific shock absorbing properties and a particular structure; and (ii) a new innovative approach of protective nets. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 860654.


Shows a memorial in the shape of a cross, standing on a grassed area beside a bridge over a river. There are two-storeyed buildings, probably houses, on the far bank.
Cardinal Desire Joseph Mercia met the artist, probably near Tamines in about 1919.

The massacre at Tamines happened in 1914. Verso of page [ie Page 16] gives details: "Le 22 aout 1914 eut lieu sur cette place Massacre de la population de Tamines par les troupes allemande [sic], 350 hommes de tout age perdent, 83 blesses". See record at E-919-016 for translation
Other Titles - Cardinal, Archbishop, February
Quantity: 1 drawing(s).
Physical Description: Pencil drawing on page of sketchbook, 132 x 175 mm.


1. A pharmaceutical composition comprising transnorsertralin or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, and mannitol or ksilit.2. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, further comprising talc, kaolin or bentonit.3. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 2, further comprising magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, zinc stearate or stearic kislotu.4. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition comprises transnorsertralina hydrochloride salt or hydrate thereof, mannitol, magnesium stearate, talc and starch natriya.5. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 which is in the form of tablets or kapsuly.6. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition comprises at least 10 wt.% Mannitol or ksilita.7. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition comprises at least 10 wt.% Mannita.8. The crystalline hydrochloride salt transnorsertralina or its hydrate, which is characterized by an X-ray powder diffraction comprising peaks at about 14.9 in, 17.8, 19.2, 23.3, 24.6 and 25.2 degrees 2θ.9. The salt according to claim 8, characterized by an X-ray powder diffraction, further comprising peaks at about 5.0 and 21.8 area degrees 2θ.10. The salt according to claim 9, characterized by the calculated powder X comprising peaks at about 5.1 in, 15.0, 18.0, 19.5, 22.0 23.5, 24.8 and 25.4 degrees 2θ based on the data obtained at approximately 173 K on monokristalle.11. The salt according to claim 9, which has the following approximate unit cell parameters: a = 16,8 A, b = 5,2 A, c = 19,1 A, α = 90,0 °, β = 113,1 ° and γ = 90.0 ° .12. The salt according to claim 9, which has the following approximate unit cell parameters


In order to reduce the acidic impurity of B2O3and H3BO3on the surface of amorphous boron powder and improve the efficiency in the use of boron powder,sodium hydroxide( NaOH) was firstly used to modify the amorphous boron.Then the orthogonal experiment was carried out to optimize the parameters of high energy ball milling for the formation of the Al / B composite.On the basis of Al / B binary nano-composite,the Al / B / Fe2O3nano-composite energetic materials were prepared through the high energy ball milling.X-Ray Diffraction( XRD),Scanning Electron Microscopy( SEM),Differential scanning calorimetry,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to characterize the microstructure of composite materials.The results show the content of boron element on the surface of boron particles is increased by 15%,and the influencing order of parameters on the average particle diameter of the composite is as follows: milling timemilling speedquantity ratio of Al to Bweight ratio of ball to powder.And the optimal HEBM parameters are milling time 12 h,ball-to-powders ratio 20 ∶ 1,milling speed 300 r / min respectively.The macro-particle size of Al / B / Fe2O3nano-composite is 3.89 μm,with the increasing content of the boron in the Al / B / Fe2O3composite,the exothermic heat also increases.


In this study, a novel fast-implicit iteration scheme called the alternating cell direction implicit (ACDI) method is combined with the approximate factorization scheme. This application aims to offer a mathematically well-defined version of the ACDI method and to increase the accuracy of the iteration scheme used for the numerical solutions of partial differential equations. The ACDI method is a fast-implicit method that can be used for unstructured grids. The use of fast implicit iteration methods with unstructured grids is not common in the literature. The new ACDI method has been applied to the unsteady diffusion equation to determine its convergence and time-dependent solution ability and character. The numerical tests are conducted for different grid types, such as structured, unstructured quadrilateral, and hybrid polygonal grids. Second, the ACDI was applied to the unsteady advection-diffusion equation to understand the time-dependent and progression capabilities of the presented method. Third, a full potential equation solution is created to understand the complex flow solving ability of the presented method. The results of the numerical study are compared with other fast implicit methods, such as the point Gauss–Seidel (PGS) and line Gauss–Seidel (LGS) methods and the fourth-order Runge-Kutta (RK4) method, which is an explicit scheme, and the Laasonen method, which is a fully implicit scheme. The study increased the abilities of the ACDI method. Due to the new ACDI method, the approximate factorization method, which is used only in structural grids that are known to be advantageous, can be applied to any mesh structure. AMS subject classifications: 68Q01, 65Y04, 65Y20, 35D99, 74G15


Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the misfolding and aggregation of two major proteins: amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau. Antibody-based PET radioligands are desirable due to their high specificity and affinity; however, antibody uptake in the brain is limited by the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Previously, we demonstrated that antibody transport across the BBB can be facilitated through interaction with the transferrin receptor (TfR), and the bispecific antibody-based PET ligands were capable of detecting Aβ aggregates via ex vivo imaging. Since tau accumulation in the brain is more closely correlated with neuronal death and cognition, we report here our strategies to prepare four F-18-labeled specifically engineered bispecific antibody probes for the selective detection of tau and Aβ aggregates to evaluate their feasibility and specificity, particularly for in vivo PET imaging. Methods We first created and evaluated (via both in vitro and ex vivo studies) four specifically engineered bispecific antibodies, by fusion of single-chain variable fragments (scFv) of a TfR antibody with either a full-size IgG antibody of Aβ or tau or with their respective scFv. Using [18F]SFB as the prosthetic group, all four 18F-labeled bispecific antibody probes were then prepared by conjugation of antibody and [18F]SFB in acetonitrile/0.1 M borate buffer solution (final pH ∼ 8.5) with an incubation of 20 min at room temperature, followed by purification on a PD MiniTrap G-25 size exclusion gravity column. Results Based on both in vitro and ex vivo evaluation, the bispecific antibodies displayed much higher brain concentrations than the unmodified antibody, supporting our subsequent F18-radiolabeling. [18F]SFB was produced in high yields in 60 min (decay-corrected radiochemical yield (RCY) 46.7 ± 5.4) with radiochemical purities of >95%, confirmed by analytical high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and radio-TLC. Conjugation of [18F]SFB and bispecific antibodies showed a 65%–83% conversion efficiency with radiochemical purities of 95%–99% by radio-TLC. Conclusions We successfully labeled four novel and specifically engineered bispecific antibodies with [18F]SFB under mild conditions with a high RCY and purities. This study provides strategies to create brain-penetrable F-18 radiolabeled antibody probes for the selective detection of tau and Aβ aggregates in the brain of transgenic AD mice via in vivo PET imaging.


Urgent surgical exploration of the scrotum of a child or teenager who presents with a painful and swollen scrotum is paramount if testicular torsion should not to be missed. It is extremely rare for a non-scrotal pathology to present with acute scrotal signs. Here we present such a rare case in an adult and emphasize the importance of being aware of this potential clinical pitfall. Abscess formation is a well-known complication of appendicular pathology and it may be intra-abdominal or pelvic. Acute scrotum following an appendicular abscess perforation is very rare.


The backwall echo in the ultrasonic pulse echo technique consists of more than one peak. The ratio of these peaks changes as the ultrasonic waves travel through the specimens with different attenuation. The ratio of the first two peaks in the first backwall echo (the time domain peak ratio) has been used as an ultrasonic parameter for microstructural characterization in Ti-4.5Al-3Mo-1V (VT14). The time domain peak ratio has been found to vary linearly with the ratio of the two peaks in the autopower spectrum (the amplitude of the lower frequency peak to that of the higher frequency peak), the spectral peak ratio. The time domain peak ratio is found to be independent of the coupling condition, thus enhancing the reliability of its usage. Further, it has also been shown, both mathematically and graphically, that the linear correlation between the time domain peak ratio and the spectral peak ratio is valid for any transducer exhibiting double peak behavior in the autopower spectrum.


Solar greenhouse dryer is an instrument used for drying of crops which are needed to be preserved for consumption throughout the year. In recent years, a lot of research has been done to enhance the drying rate of crops. Many researchers have worked experimentally and recently Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) as a tool has been used many researchers. Change in the design and operating parameters have been made to study their effect on the performance of greenhouse dryer. In the present paper, a review regarding advances in the solar greenhouse dryers has been presented.


The aim of this article is to measure the quality of life of seven urban areas of Galicia. We used a synthetic index, Urban Quality of Life Index (UQLI), built with five kinds of indicators for three spatial areas: the central municipality, the urban periphery and the urban area. We compare the quality of life in seven urban areas and quantify the differences between the center and the periphery.


Objective: To evaluate magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) for syndrome differentiation of T.C.M.in patients with obstructive jaundice,by analyzing the signs of MRI.Methods: MRI examination on 79 patients with obstructive jaundice were performed.Each case had been classified in either syndrome differentiation of Yin-Huang or syndrome differentiation of Yang-Huang.Then the correlation between characteristics of MRI and the syndrome differentiations was analyzed.Results:①Yin-Huang Was mainly serious expansion(19/30) and moderate expansion(8/30),Yang-Huang was mild expansion(21/49) and moderate expansion(28/49).②Majority of Ying-Huang presented vine-sign(21/30,well dead-wood sign was more frequently found in cases of Yang-Huang(35/49).Conclusion: There had close interrelationship between signs of MRI and the syndrome differentiation of T.C.M.MRI provide objective basis for differentiation of T.C.M.


This paper presents the preliminary findings from a study on the uptake of heavy metals by fodder maize grown with municipal solid waste/sewage sludge derived composts. From the data presented there is no evidence to suggest elevated levels of any of the metals investigated (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn) in the maize grown on these plots, despite a small but significant build‐up of metals in the compost treated soils. The findings of this study are discussed in terms of current European legislation.


Vision Transformers (ViTs) have shown impressive per-formance but still require a high computation cost as compared to convolutional neural networks (CNNs), one rea-son is that ViTs' attention measures global similarities and thus has a quadratic complexity with the number of in-put tokens. Existing efficient ViTs adopt local attention or linear attention, which sacrifice ViTs' capabilities of capturing either global or local context. In this work, we ask an important research question: Can ViTs learn both global and local context while being more efficient during inference? To this end, we propose a framework called Castling- ViT, which trains ViTs using both linear-angular attention and masked softmax-based quadratic attention, but then switches to having only linear-angular attention during inference. Our Castling- ViT leverages angular ker-nels to measure the similarities between queries and keys via spectral angles. And we further simplify it with two techniques: (1) a novel linear-angular attention mechanism: we decompose the angular kernels into linear terms and high-order residuals, and only keep the linear terms; and (2) we adopt two parameterized modules to approximate high-order residuals: a depthwise convolution and an aux-iliary masked softmax attention to help learn global and lo-cal information, where the masks for softmax attention are regularized to gradually become zeros and thus incur no overhead during inference. Extensive experiments validate the effectiveness of our Castling- ViT, e.g., achieving up to a 1.8% higher accuracy or 40% MACs reduction on classification and 1.2 higher mAP on detection under comparable FLOPs, as compared to ViTs with vanilla softmax-based at-tentions. Project page is available at here.


After many years of attention to input that supplies classroom second language (L2) learners with positive evidence on L2 forms and features, recent studies have begun to identify and describe the negative evidence in " reactive " input, provided through interlocutor responses to forms and features that are used by learners, but are not consistent with the L2 they are learning. The following study was undertaken to compare the negative evidence in responses to learners in two types of classrooms, one content based , the other, grammar-based. Data were collected on teacher and peer responses to learners' non-target productions during six discussions about culture and six exercises in sentence construction, as these were the predominant activities in the two classroom types. Results of the study revealed teacher, rather than peer, responses as the principal source of negative evidence in both classroom types. In the responses of content-based discussions, there was a low incidence of what was primarily, implicit negative evidence, despite a relatively high proportion of learner non-target utterances. This was because most of the non-target utterances were produced in meaningful, multi-utterance texts, which could be understood with minimal intervention by teachers or peers. In comparison, the grammar-based sentence construction exercises revealed a higher incidence of teacher intervention and negative evidence. These were located in responses to learners' single utterance, short answers to teacher questions and prompts. Implicit negative evidence also predominated, but there was a significant proportion of explicit negative evidence as well. The differences in negative evidence in the two classroom types appeared to be an outcome of the expectations and goals of the discussion and sentence construction activities, and also suggested ways in which these activities might be adjusted, or enhanced, to provide learners with negative evidence through the addition of interactive tasks. T hat second language (L2) learners need input for their learning is fundamental to second language acquisition theory and language pedagogy. Research over the past two decades has addressed questions about the exact form and content of the input that learners need, and its degrees of frequency and timing in the learning process. for syntheses of this work). More recently, new questions have emerged about the input needed by second language (L2) learners. These have focused on the evidence they require about the forms and features of the L2 they are learning. Long has addressed these questions in terms of the positive and negative …


This study was done to investigate the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of Lycii fructus in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of STZ at a dose 45mg/kg.b.w. dissolved in citrate buffer(pH4.5). The ethanol extract of Lycii fructus was orally ...


The imaging spectroscopy technology can obtain the spatial and spectral information of the observed object and effectively distinguish the material composition of the object surface It is widely used in the military and civilian fields In recent years the imaging spectroscopy devices based on filter arrays have received extensive attention due to their compact structure fast imaging speed and large coverage band As a core component to determine the spectral performance of such devices the filter array is a research hotspot In this paper by summarizing the main progress of spectral filter arrays the advantages and disadvantages of different spectral filter arrays and their application range are analyzed and the development trend of spectral filter arrays is prospected


ABSTRACT— The acoustic diagnostics is one of the oldest methods for non-destructive control. The present paper, analyzing the recorded sound of a coin, falling on a hard pad or strike with an impulse hammer, defines the first three eigenfrequencies of contemporary coins that are in circulation. (1 BGN 2002, 1EUR 2002, 1 TRL). It is noticeable that the dispersion of the frequencies when measuring a series of coins is the lowest (about 1%) in the Turkish coin, which is the newest coin. On the base of the frequencies measured, Labview-based application is created to identify coins. As the coins are bimetal, the properties of the equivalent thin circular plate model are calculated by FEA using optimization procedure.


The concepts of 𝛼-well-posedness, 𝛼-well-posedness in the generalized sense, L-𝛼-well-posedness and L-𝛼-well-posedness in the generalized sense for mixed quasi variational-like inequality problems are investigated. We present some metric characterizations for these well-posednesses.


ABSTRACT Public feeding of free-roaming cats subsidizes their population growth, and has consequences in highly interconnected ecosystems including predation of native wildlife and alteration of their behavior and populations. Research is needed to explain, predict, and possibly curb public feeding. We conducted a theoretically informed analysis of key beliefs underlying intentions to feed free-roaming cats in Malaysia, offering new insights as well as management suggestions. Normative beliefs had the strongest associations with behavioral intentions. Management strategies should consider social influences from families and friends of those who feed free-roaming cats, especially cat owners and their significant others. Our results also suggest key behavioral beliefs regarding disadvantages of feeding free-roaming cats could be strengthened through education and other initiatives. The findings are particularly important for Malaysia, which is biodiversity-rich but has a large free-roaming cat population and a high incidence of public feeding.


Reliability of wireless communication can be improved by utilizing various diversity schemes, which are seriously desired by the heavy haul railway transportation systems. The transmission of control message is a significantly vital issue and suffers from severe channel fading and interferences, which may result in failures of locomotive control. This paper proposes a novel hybrid cooperative scheme to increase the diversity gain of wireless transmission, which can guarantee higher degree of coordination among multiple locomotives. With multiple independent transmission paths, the outage probability falls down exponentially with Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR). Simulation results illustrate the significant performance gain.


The article presents the results of analysis of operational parameters of piston engine CA 912 ULT which is a propulsion system of ultralight gyroplane Tercel produced by Aviation Artur Trendak. Research was conducted under normal operating conditions of the autogyro and data was collected from 20 independent tests including a total of 28 flight hours, divided into training flights and competition flights.Engine speed, manifold air pressure and temperature, fuel pressure, injection time, and head temperature were recorded at 9 Hz during each flight. Collective results were presented to show the statistical analyses of the individual parameters by determining the mean values, standard deviations and histograms of the distribution of these parameters. Histograms of operating points defined by both engine speed and manifold air pressure were also determined. Analyses of the engine dynamics as a distribution of the rate of change of the engine rotational speed were also carried out. It was shown that the engine operating points are concentrated mainly in the range of idle and power above 50% of nominal power. The most frequent range is 70-80% of nominal power. It was also shown that the dynamics of engine work in real operating conditions is small. It was also shown that the way of use significantly influences the distribution of operating points. During training flights, an increase in the number of take-offs and landings causes an increase in the amount of engine work at take-off and nominal power and at idle.


Sponsored search has grown to be an important share of the advertisement market and a major income source for large internet companies. Its success relies not only on the explosive internet use but also on successful implementation that made it a highly efficient and profitable concept for advertisers and search engines, in particular, through the use of keyword auctions. Naturally, it also attracted significant interest from the research community, where the focus is on modeling and analyzing the sponsored search system using the tools and methods of game theory .
Up until now, most of the research relies on the simplest models to extract useful results. Unfortunately, practical scenarios present a variety of complicated parameters that lead us to question the practical significance of these models.
We extend the most common models to encapsulate an aspect of the system that only recently has begun to draw attention; the effect of competing advertisements on the user's actions and subsequently on the advertisers' campaign efficiency. As most of these online campaigns are run in a highly competitive environment, for example when the user has to make a unique purchasing choice, it is known that nearby advertisements impose complicated correlated effects on each other's performance. We present models that take these effects into account while remaining simple enough for us to answer the most basic game-theoretic questions about them such as the presence of equilibria and their efficiency. We also compare our models to the most common model and show their significant advantages.
We follow our modeling analysis by investigating another approach for improving the current implementations. Although search engines are experimenting with different forms of advertisers' bidding, all of them only allow advertisers to bid on a single auction outcome such as impressions, clicks or conversions. We propose a mechanism that allows the advertisers' to bid in all interested outcomes in a combined fashion. We show that this mechanism has analytical advantages and also showcase through simulations that it performs at least as well as the typical mechanism in the most interesting metrics.


Self-phase modulation limits 2.5-Gbit/s channel power to +10 dBm through 6/spl times/90 km of standard fibre. A control scheme is demonstrated in order to keep the channel power smaller than +10 dBm whatever the number of channels.


Quantitative trading is an automated trading system in which the trading strategies and decisions are conducted by a set of mathematical models. Quantitative trading applies a wide range of computational approaches such as statistics, physics, or machine learning to analyze, predict, and take advantage of big data in finance for investment. This work studies core components of a quantitative trading system. Machine learning offers a number of important advantages over traditional algorithmic trading. With machine learning, multiple trading strategies are implemented consistently and able to adapt to real-time market. To demonstrate how machine learning techniques can meet quantitative trading, linear regression and support vector regression models are used to predict stock movement. In addition, multiple optimization techniques are used to optimize the return and control risk in trading. One common characteristic for both prediction models is they effectively performed in short-term prediction with high accuracy and return. However, in short-term prediction, the linear regression model is outperform compared to the support vector regression model. The prediction accuracy is considerably improved by adding technical indicators to dataset rather than adjusted price and volume. Despite the gap between prediction modeling and actual trading, the proposed trading strategy achieved a higher return than the S&P 500 ETF-SPY.


Propagation in the urban environment is in principle a well-posed problem: the electromagnetic field radiated by prescribed sources, in the simplest case a single antenna, must fulfil Maxwell equations in the open space and boundary conditions over the built-up buildings walls. But any attempt to provide a solution to this apparently simple problem must face the complication of the scattering scenario. A general frame to locate above mentioned problem is certainly desirable, if not necessary. This point is examined in the paper.


Welcome to the 8th International Workshop on Cloud and Edge Computing, and Applications Management - CloudAM2019, which will be held in conjunction with the 12th IEEE/ACM Utility and Cloud Computing Conference (UCC) in Auckland, New Zealand, from 2-5 December 2019. CloudAM is a successful series of workshops that bring together practitioners and researchers on current research advances on cloud computing, virtualization technologies and real applications. As it is anticipated that this interest will keep expanding with the emergence of edge computing infrastructures, this 8th edition of CloudAM will also cover the topics of edge and fog computing. Cloud and edge infrastructures can work together to fulfill requirements from a variety of applications, composing the so-called Cloud Continuum to the edge. Furthermore, clouds must provide appropriate levels of performance to large groups of diverse users, and those clouds are accessed through virtualized wide area networks, where edge/fog devices can act as a first layer of computing capacity closer to the user. Management systems are essential for that and thereby for the future success of the fog-cloud hierarchy. New systems, methods, and approaches for cloud and edge computing, virtualization, and applications management are to be discussed at this workshop. In this edition of CloudAM, we received six submissions and we could only accept three of them. On the other hand, another the CloudAM program also includes nine high-quality papers that were submitted to the UCC main track and directed for presentation in the workshop. All papers were reviewed and evaluated based on relevance, quality, and novelty. Overall, a number of 12 contributions, covering a broad number of topics, will be presented and discussed during a one-day workshop.


The sedimentary cells of bronchoalveolar lavage-fluid from 3 rhesus monkeys given Paraquat (PQ) experimentally were morphologically studied. Two of them (No. 1 and No. 2) died on day 6 following a single injection of PQ (2mg/kg, S.C.). The third (No. 3) was given 6 doses of PQ during a 53 day period to produce PQ-induced pulmonary injury. In this animal, two peaks were observed in cellular density during the experimental period. These were mainly dependent upon the increase of neutrophils and type III and type IV pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAM). These types of increases in PAM are suggestive that, by their activation, many kinds of biologically active substances, e. g. superoxide and lysosomal enzymes, which might have some relationship to the pathogenesis of PQ-induced pulmonary injury, are released. ―J.Jpn.Vet.Med.Assoc.,43,169~173(1990).


Current cervical cancer screening approaches are based on cytology supplemented by human papillomavirus (HPV) testing in some settings. Whereas cytology is laborious and depends on the cytologists' experience, HPV testing has limited specificity when it is used to detect high‐grade lesions. A dichotomous test to identify high‐grade lesions with greater specificity may be a useful tool for cervical cancer screening. p16INK4a is a cell‐cycle regulator that has demonstrated strong overexpression in cervical precancer cells and cervical cancer induced by the deregulated expression of HPV oncogenes.


Permethylated β-cyclodextrin (hereafter designated perMe-β-CD), dililuted or not in polysiloxane, is an efficient chiral discriminant for native, 3-methylated, and 1,3-dimethylated series of 5-methyl-5-(CnH2n + 1)hydantoins. From thermodynamic data obtained with pure perMe-β-CD and with the aid of molecular modeling, it is concluded that: (i) For native hydantoin derivatives having a carbon chain at the 5-position varying from ethyl to nonyl (2⩽n⩽9), the retention time is related to their H-bonding capability. The resolution is poor for derivatives with n⩽4. For n⩽5, the resolution is considerably improved and this increase in resolution is attributed to the long alkyl chain being capable of being buried inside the cyclodextrin cavity. (ii) For 1,3-dimethylhydantion derivatives having a carbon chain at the 5-position varying from ethyl to hexyl(2⩽n⩽6), the retention time is mainly determined by a steric fit between the solute and the inner volume of the macrocyclic cavity. For n = 2, a particular behavior is observed, consistent with a total inclusion of the solutes inside the cavity. By contrast with the native hydantoins, the selectively is high for light derivatives. Thus, the selectivity does not correlate with a strong docking energy (such as the presence of H-bonds postulated with native derivatives). (iii) For 3-methylhydantoin derivatives having a carbon chain at the 5-position varying from ethyl to octyl (2⩽n⩽8), as expected, retension time and selectivity are intermediate between that of native hydantoins and 1,3-dimethylhydantoins. For all three series, where n⩽5, the increase in chain length (n) does not bring about substantial changes in the chromatographic results. Therefore, for these long alkyl chain derivatives, similar dominant interactions with perMe-β-CD are postulated.


Heat transfer analysis results were shown for the solar thermal storage system which used heat pipe array. The thermal storage system was composed of thermal storage tank and charging/discharging heat exchanger by connection with the heat pipes. Heat pipe heat exchanger was attached to system, and could carry out charging and discharging to thermal storage tank at the same time. Height of the thermal storage tank was 600 ㎜, and that of the charging/discharging heat exchanger was 400 ㎜. Length of the heat pipe was the same as the total height of thermal storage system, and outer and inner diameter were 25.4 ㎜(O.D.) and 21.4 ㎜(I.D.) respectively. Diameter of the circular was 43 ㎜(O.D.), and fin geometries were considered as the design parameters. High temperature phase change material(PCM), KNO₃ was charged to storage tank to adjust melting temperature. Energy relations between heat exchanger and thermal storage tank were defined by the thermal resistance and node temperature. Physical transient equations of the heat pipe heat exchanger/thermal storage and PCM was modeled with energy conservation. Furthermore, melting/solidification phase change interface radius were calculated based on latent and sensible heat. Thermal storage system sizes satisfying inlet and outlet conditions of the charging/discharging heat exchanger were predicted according to heat pipe fin pitch variation of the thermal storage. Maximum and minimum heat pipe row was predicted to 899 and 808 respectively.


Before effective remedial treatments can be implemented at hazardous intersections, it is often necessary to identify the causal factors affecting accident frequency. However, a problem often encountered in safety studies is the underreporting of accidents. This biased reporting may affect the selection of the parsimonious model. This study analyzes the factors affecting road accident frequency at three-legged signalized intersection approaches in Singapore, with special emphasis to underreporting. The annual accidents at 104 three-legged signalized intersections are modeled as the sum of observed Poisson outcome of accident reports. The reporting mechanism is introduced as a probit equation. The model shows that several geometric, traffic, and traffic control factors significantly affected the accident occurrence. The total approach volumes, left-turn volumes, existence of unprotected left-turn slip roads, number of signal phases per cycle, use of permissive right-turning phase, and sites with sight distances less than 100 m or greater than 300 m appear to increase accident occurrence. However, the presence of right-turn channelization, provision of an acceleration section for left turning, existence of a surveillance camera, availability of median railings, and presence of an approach gradient greater than +5% may reduce the occurrence of intersection approach accidents. Moreover, the study shows that the reporting rate may drop because current law enforcement requires that only injury accidents and accidents at intersections in a residential area be reported.