Chromate is a highly soluble, toxic and carcinogenic oxyanion commonly found in groundwaters and soils. A 200 dm 3 pilot bioreactor was designed to treat typical Cr(VI)-polluted groundwater. A fixed bed column was filled with pozzolana, inoculated with a bacterial population containing the sulfate-reducing organism Desulfomicrobium norvegicum and fed with an H 2 + CO 2 gas mixture. The pilot was operated under continuous feed conditions for 3 months, first with a synthetic solution and then with real polluted groundwater containing 15 mg dm -3 Cr(VI). The residence time was decreased to 7h, while the Cr(VI) concentration in the outflow remained lower than 0.2mg dm -3 . The bacterial population did not need any organic carbon supply thanks to acetogenesis. The highest Cr(VI) reduction rate was 2.2 mg dm -3 h -1 . The CO 2 flow rate was regulated in order to maintain the pH in the interval 7.5-8.5. The CO 2 consumption rate increased with feed flow rate and sulfate reduction activity. The process worked satisfactorily between 10 and 35 °C.


ABE Consulting Group Sdn Bhd is currently using manual process to manage the registration of MLVK's student information. The manual registration management is ineffective in storing and retrieval data. Therefore, the registration management system can help MLVK's student was developed as an alternative to the manual system. This system can help student to register and retrieve information about the status of their application, while the information management application system is developed to manage student information. The system was developed using ASP.NET, which is the latest internet technology produced by Microsoft which contained streamlined and object-oriented programming technique in building dynamic web application. The development of the system applied three-tier model which contain interface-tier, logic-tier and database-tier. The system requires Internet Information Server as web server, .NET Framework SDK and Microsoft SQL server to run ASP.NET application. Hopefully the system can help ABE Consulting Group Sdn Bhd achieve good quality of management especially for the registration process.


The study on growth records belonging to two Sire groups spread over a period of three years, three centers, two seasons (in birth weight) and two sexes was carried out. The data from Network Project on Magra sheep improvement in farmer's flock at Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, CVAS, RAU, Bikaner were used. The least-squares means for body weight at birth and 12 months of age were found to be 2.94±0.03 and 29.22 ± 0.036 kg, respectively. The effect of sire groups (elite and local), years (1998–2000), centers (Norangdesar, Gadhwala and Kilchu), seasons (January–June and July–December), sexes (male and female) and sire group X year interaction were observed to be highly significant on both the body weights. The progeny of elite rams weighed on an average 90 g more than the lambs of local sires available with the sheep breeders. Considering current price of Rs. 40.00/kg of live weight, the net annual gain in body weight at one year of age on account of improved sires was observed as 3.015 kg thereby an extra profit of Rs. 120.60/lamb/annum over and above the other income at 12 months of age. It was a significant economic gain to a poor shepherd. The use of superior germplasm in farmer's flock increased the socioeconomic status of sheep breeders.


Teaching practices of teachers strongly influence students' learning. In turn, teachers' practices shaped by the teaching conception they hold. Hence, this study explores the teaching conceptions held by teacher educators from the angle of their teaching practices using student teachers' learning as a lens. In addition, refining the dimensional variations of teaching conception and figuring out teaching practices that work across the different conceptual categories were the intention of the study. To this end, reflection of 54 student teachers on what and how their professors have been doing and in what way did that assist them develop as a new teacher was considered. This came in three hierarchically related teaching conceptions: transmitting teachers' understanding of the discipline, developing students' understanding and challenging students' understanding. These conceptions appeared to be varied across: contents, student role, interplay, motivation and evaluation. Coming to teaching practices, availing learning resources, modeling of teaching practices and using of video films were used differently across the conceptual categories.


This research analyzes how operation system and method of barista private certification implemented in Korea influence on the academic satisfaction of coffee work skills and how such system and method has an effect on the economic effectiveness to utilize for the improvement of work performance skills and for job seeking and changing. For this purpose, author conducted a survey to coffee specialists who had obtained barista certification and who have been working in coffee related industry. The result shows that the operation system and method of coffee certification verification system has a partially positive effect on the academic satisfaction of work performance skills and economic effectiveness. The contents of the coffee related certification verification system as well as specialized and reliable systematic operation of such verification system have an influence on the academic satisfaction of work performance skills and have further influence on the economic effectiveness such as seeking or changing jobs. Therefore, the research on the professionalism and reliability of the qualification verification system must be continued. Recommendation and


Background and objective:  Judicious use of antibiotics is essential considering the growth of antimicrobial resistance and escalating costs in health care. This intervention study used treatment guidelines to improve antibiotic therapy by changing prescribing practice.


The invention relates to a rubber pulling rod device of a prestressed pore channel of a forming band bealock, in particular to a forming device of a prestressed pore channel. The rubber pulling rod device comprises an upper rubber rod (1) of a bealock and a lower rubber rod (2) of the bealock, wherein a bulge of the bottom trapezoid cross section of the upper rubber rod (1) of the bealock is embedded into a groove of the lower rubber rod (2) of the bealock, the cross section of the upper rubber rod (1) of the bealock is in an irregular oblong shape, the bottom of the cross section is provided with a bulge, the cross section of the lower rubber rod (2) of the bealock is in an oblong shape, a short shaft of the cross section of the lower rubber rod (2) is provided with a groove, and the proportion of the area of the upper rubber rod (1) of the bealock to the area of the lower rubber rod (1) of the bealock is 5-20 percent. The rubber pulling rod device solves the problems that the traditional circular or flat prestressed pore channel which is formed by a rubber pulling rod is not beneficial to discharging bleeding to cause the leakiness of the internal grout injection of the pore channel.


Abstract This research aims to know the result of studying Biology for students by using giving question and getting answer method and its influence to the result of studying b iology for students than the use of conventional method. This research has been done on February 11, 2013 until March 4, 2013 in 2013/2014 school year 2 nd semester with population all third year of junior high school students at SMPN 1 2x11 Enam Lingkung Padang Pariaman Regency. The type of this research is experimental research by using research design of randomized control-group posttest only design. The sample was taken by purposive sampling technique. Then, chosen randomly, class VIII 8 has been chosen as experimental class and class VIII 4 is as control class. The technique of data analysis in this research consists of normality test, homogeneity test and T-test. The results of this research showed the application of giving question and getting answer method gave positive effects to the result of studying Biology for students in cognitive aspect with average of experimental class is 77,76 and in control class is 62,92 (  = 0.05). Also, the assessment of affective and psychomotor aspect, in affective aspect with average of value of experimental class is 81, 48% and in control class is 73,20%. Psychomotor aspect with average of value of experimental class is 70,37% and control class 39,4%. From this research can be concluded that giving question and getting answer method has positive influence to the result of studying Biology  form the third year of junior school students at SMPN 1 2x11 Enam Lingkung Padang Pariaman Regency. Kata kunci : metode giving question and getting answer , kognitif, hasil belajar


Transmissible prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative diseases associated with the conversion of the normal host prion protein (PrPc) into an abnormal isoform (PrPSc) that accumulates in brain. This pathology affects neurons of the central nervous system whereas no clear toxic effect has been reported for peripheral neurons. We examined the subcellular distribution of PrPc and PrPSc in the scrapie‐infected mouse neuronal cell lines GT1‐7 and N2a, derived, respectively, from the central and peripheral nervous system. We observed that in both cell types, PrPc is present in the endocytic compartment, mainly in LAMP‐1‐positive late endosomes, but excluded from LYAAT‐1‐lysosomes. In contrast, PrPSc was distributed differently in the two cell lines. In infected N2a, PrPSc and PrPc had comparable distribution patterns. In infected GT1‐7, PrPSc is present in an additional vesicular compartment which is flotillin‐1‐positive. The level of expression of flotillin‐1 is higher in GT1‐7 than in N2a cells, but no difference is observed between infected and noninfected cells. In Alzheimer's disease patients, it has been reported that flotillin‐1 is abundant in brain areas containing the β‐amyloid protein, which accumulates in endosomal vesicles in primary neurons. We propose that the flotillin compartment could store aggregated proteins and play a role in these neurodegenerative pathologies.


The use of a Laser Doppler Velocimeter in a circulating water tunnel to measure the flow field around a model propeller in uniform flow is described. Experimental results were compared with those obtained using a 5-hole pitot tube. In addition the flow field was calculated. Good agreement was found between the calculated and experimental results.


A methodology based on central composite experimental design is proposed in order to find the optimal operating conditions of crossflow filtration with a new product/membrane combination. This approach provides an optimal operating zone with good security and fewer pilot plant tests than usual. Interesting results are found when this strategy is applied to the clarification of raw cane sugar by using microfiltration with an inorganic membrane. Maximum fluxes are obtained with the lowest transmembrane pressures and highest crossflow velocities. Analysis of data using forward selection stepwise multiple regression is illustrated with respect to classical response surface method.


There is a high prevalence of chronic hyponatremia in the elderly, frequently owing to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Recent reports have shown that even mild hyponatremia is associated with impaired gait stability and increased falls. An increased risk of falls among elderly hyponatremic patients represents a risk factor for fractures, which would be further amplified if hyponatremia also contributed metabolically to bone loss. To evaluate this possibility, we studied a rat model of SIADH and analyzed data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). In rats, dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) analysis of excised femurs established that hyponatremia for 3 months significantly reduced bone mineral density by approximately 30% compared with normonatremic control rats. Moreover, micro‐computed tomography (µCT) and histomorphometric analyses indicated that hyponatremia markedly reduced both trabecular and cortical bone via increased bone resorption and decreased bone formation. Analysis of data from adults in NHANES III by linear regression models showed that mild hyponatremia is associated with increased odds of osteoporosis (T‐score –2.5 or less) at the hip [odds ratio (OR) = 2.85; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03–7.86; p < .01]; all models were adjusted for age, sex, race, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, history of diuretic use, history of smoking, and serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels. Our results represent the first demonstration that chronic hyponatremia causes a substantial reduction of bone mass. Cross‐sectional human data showing that hyponatremia is associated with significantly increased odds of osteoporosis are consistent with the experimental data in rodents. Our combined results suggest that bone quality should be assessed in all patients with chronic hyponatremia. © 2010 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.


Recent changes in workplace and corporate board diversity policies and a series of court rulings have signalled a fundamental change in the treatment of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (henceforth LGBTQ) people in the corporate world. In this paper, we survey the burgeoning literature on the role of sexual orientation in finance. Studies show that there is a positive relationship between the adoption of LGBTQ-friendly policies and firm performance. We identify the factors that influence a firm ' s decision to adopt LGBTQ-friendly policies. We also provide evidence that sexual preferences play an important role in leadership styles in the household. Overall, our review suggests that LGBTQ research allows novel insights regarding how LGBTQ policies create value for the firm, insights that help us identify several directions for future research.


A case of psychotropic-resistant pediatric bipolar disorder is presented. Both awareness and proper treatment of previously unrecognized infections and their effects on the immune system were very important in stabilizing the patient's psychiatric symptoms.


An end-effector is designed and prototyped as the mini manipulator in a macro-mini system. It has properties of fast response and high resolution in position control and force control. In this paper, a directional force control algorithm of the end-effector is introduced targeting on the application of polishing and deburring. The dynamic model of the end-effector is estimated by the approach of frequency response. The dynamic information of the end-effector can be implemented in controlling the integrated macro-mini manipulator system. A communication through TCP/IP is set up between the macro and mini manipulator for control purpose.


Despite all the advances in therapeutic modalities such as targeted therapies and immunotherapies that have recently been used in cancer treatment, Colorectal Cancer (CRC) continues to be the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths. The introduction of targeted monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and their use in cancer treatment led to revolutionary advances in oncology. The aim of this study was to share our experiences regarding the usage rates of mAbs (Bevacizumab, Cetuximab, and Panitumumab), Overall Survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with mCRC followed up in our hospital. This retrospective study included 210 patients with mCRC who were followed up in our hospital's oncology clinic between January 2010 and October 2020 and who received mAb treatment, regardless of their stage at the time of diagnosis. Fifty-two (24.8%) of the patients received a treatment regimen with Cetuximab and 46 with Panitumumab mAb. 29 patients (17.8%) received Cetuximab and Bevacizumab mAb treatment at different times, and 22 patients received Panitumumab and Bevacizumab mAb treatment, 112 of the patients received only Bevacizumab treatment. Panitumumab and Cetuximab mAb treatment was mostly taken in the 1st lines (69.6%, 76.9%, respectively). A statistically significant difference was found between the OSs of the cases according to the mAb treatment received (p = 0.001). Administration of Panitumumab and Cetuximab mAb in the 1st or 2nd series did not make a significant difference to PFS. When the retrospective data were evaluated, the distribution of Panitumumab and Cetuximab mAb treatments was seen to be balanced. Panitumumab and Cetuximab mAb therapy were not preferred for K-RAS mutant patients. They were preferred to give it in the first line. Patients who received anti EGFR mAb treatment had longer OS and PFS duration than those who received anti VEGF mAb only. It can be said that taking anti EGFR mAb treatment (being KRAS WT) has a positive effect on prognosis.


A set ofphased measures is proposed aimed at achieving the goal of modernizing the regional monitoring system for atmospheric air pollution in the Tula region, which allows analyzing its quality based on data from automated control of emissions of microparticles of harmful substances obtained on the basis of digitalization communications and content. The positive effect of attracting additional sources of financing the regional budget to cover its deficit for meeting the needs of automated online emissions control through a government loan based on the issue of "Ecological bonds " on behalf of the Tula region is substantiated.


The scientific council linked to the Central Statistical Office of Sweden decided in October 1967 that a special projection-group would be appointed for demography. The group consists of professors Gosta Carlsson, Hannes Hyrenius, Torsten Hägerstrand, Carl-Eric Quensel, along with Lars Widen, chief of department and the author of this report, who acts as chairman. The group has been given the task of formulating proposals for measures which will promote research in the field of demography. When the group was appointed, one of the points raised by the scientific council was that an investigation should be made into the possibility of forming a Nordic demographic institute. It might be that the basic population of each separate Scandinavian country is too small for the establishment of an institute of good quality. In May 1968, the projection group mentioned submitted its first report, which was discussed at a meeting of the scientific council on June 4, 1968. The discussion held on that occasion has brought the matter into a situation which is to some extent new, and consequently no motivation exists to reproduce the group's report in its entirety at the moment. However, relevant parts of this report, which is written with Sweden as a starting-point, are utilised below.


1. A process for the isolation of antibodies with different degrees of fucosylation, comprising the following steps: a) providing a population of antibody, b) contacting said population of antibodies with Fc-receptor immobilized on the substrate, c) eluting the antibody non-specifically bound to said Fc-receptor, and d ) eluting the antibody specifically bound to said Fc-retseptorom.2. The method of claim 1, wherein the binding affinity of Fc-receptor antibody is dependent on the degree of fucosylation antitel.3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said Fc-receptor is an Fcγ-retseptor.4. A method according to claim 3 wherein the Fc-receptor is FcγRIIIa.5. A method according to claim 4 wherein the Fc-receptor is FcγRIIIa (V158) .6. The method of claim 1, wherein the antibodies are antibodies IgG.7. The method of claim 1, wherein the antibodies are glikoinzhenernymi for possessing increased ratio nefukozilirovannyh oligosaccharides in Fc-portion antibody compared to the corresponding neglikoinzhenernym antitelom.8. The method of claim 1, wherein the population ochischayut.9 antibodies. The method of claim 8, wherein population of antibodies affinity purified using protein A or protein G.10. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate is a polymeric matritsu.11. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate is contained in a chromatographic kolonku.12. A method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of: c1) washing podlozhki.13. The method of claim 1, wherein the elution of step (c) includes the selection of antibodies that remain free in the antibody population after the contacting in step (b) .14. The method of claim 1, wherein the antibody eluted in step (c) are completely fucosylated antitela.15. The method of claim 1, wherein the elution of step (d) comprises contacting the substrate with a buffer solution to preventing


A D-dimensional cosmological model with several scalar fields and antisymmetric (p+2)-form is considered. For dimensions D = 4m+1 = 5, 9, 13, ... and p = 2m-1 = 1, 3, 5, ... we obtain a family of new cosmological type solutions with 4m-dimensional oriented Ricci-flat submanifold N of Euclidean signature. These solutions are characterized by a self-dual or anti-self-dual parallel charge density form Q of rank 2m defined on N. The (sub)manifold N may be chosen to be K\ddot{a}hler, or hyper-K\ddot{a}hler one, or 8-dimensional manifold of Spin(7) holonomy. The generalization of solutions to a chain of extra marginal) Ricci-flat factor-spaces is also presented. Solutions with accelerated expansion of extra factor-spaces are singled out. Certain examples of new solutions for IIA supergravity and for a chain of B_D-models in dimensions D = 14, 15, ... are considered.


The main objective of this experiment was to show how the multiplication of the system increases as moderated material is placed between highly enriched uranium foils. In addition, this experiment served to demonstrate the hand-stacking techniques, and approach to criticality by remote operation. This experiment was designed by Tom McLaughlin in the mid seventies as part of the criticality safety course that is taught at Los Alamos Critical Experiment Facility (LACEF). The W-U-235 ratio for this experiment was 215 which is where the minimum critical mass for this configuration occurs.


Hot-channel (HC) structure, observed in the high-temperature passbands of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly/Solar Dynamic Observatory, is regarded as one candidate of coronal flux rope that is an essential element of solar eruptions. Here, we present the first radio imaging study of an HC structure in the metric wavelength. The associated radio emission manifests as a moving type-IV (t-IVm) burst. We show that the radio sources co-move outward with the HC, indicating that the t-IV emitting energetic electrons are efficiently trapped within the structure. The t-IV sources at different frequencies present no considerable spatial dispersion during the early stage of the event, while the sources spread gradually along the eruptive HC structure at later stage with significant spatial dispersion. The t-IV bursts are characterized by a relatively high brightness temperature (∼107–109 K), a moderate polarization, and a spectral shape that evolves considerably with time. This study demonstrates the possibility of imaging the eruptive HC structure at the metric wavelength and provides strong constraints on the t-IV emission mechanism, which, if understood, can be used to diagnose the essential parameters of the eruptive structure.


1. Introduction: Minorities and The Global Game Kausik Bandyopadhyay 2. Forgotten Fields? Centralizing the Experiences of Minority Ethnic Men's Football Clubs in England Daniel Burdsey 3. Playing Games with 'Race': Understanding Resistance to 'Race' Equality Initiatives in English Local Football Governance Jim Lusted 4. North or South? Darron Gibson and the Issue of Player Eligibility Within Irish Soccer David Hassan, Shane McCullough and Elizabeth Moreland 5. Deutschland uber Alles: Discrimination in German Football Christos Kassimeris 6. The Dream of Social Mobility: Ethnic Minority Players in Danish Football Clubs Sine Agergaard and Jan Kahr Sorensen 7. The Promise of Soccer in America: the Open Play of Ethnic Subcultures Derek Van Rheenen 8. Association Football to Futbol: Ethnic Succession and the History of Chicago-Area Soccer Since 1920 David Trouille 9. No Single Pattern: Australian Migrant Minorities and the Round Ball Code in Victoria Roy Hay and Nick Guoth 10. In Search of an Identity: The Muslims and Football in Colonial India Kausik Bandyopadhyay 11. Colonial Legacy, Minorities and Association Football in Kenya Wycliffe W. Simiyu Njororai 12. Not Just for Men: Israeli Women Who Fancy Football Amir Ben-Porat


In this study, the configuration of a reflective bistable-twisted-nematic (BTN) liquid-crystal cell is optimized for high contrast and high brightness operation. We searched for the optimum optical parameters of a reflective BTN cell by calculating its optical performances at three wavelengths; red, green, and blue. By studying the effect of each optical parameter on the optical performances, we found that the angle of the polarizer is more important than any other optical parameter in the design of a reflective BTN cell. We fabricated a reflective BTN cell with a wide-band retardation film, whose measured contrast ratio is 10.6:1.


As I lay on the hospital bed during the scan for my fourth child I was full of apprehension. The doctor was moving the probe around for a long time and the image on the screen did not resemble anything identifiable. Eventually he spoke.

"Are you sure about your dates—around 16 weeks?"

"Absolutely," I replied.

"The picture I'm getting isn't very clear. We'll have to scan it from another angle."

The second scan showed a mass of deformed cells, no identifiable embryo or definite organs.

"I'm sorry," he said. "You'll have to stay in hospital for a dilatation and curettage. One of my colleagues will come and deal with you shortly."

My husband held my hand reassuringly and asked if I was okay. I was fine, disappointed, of course, but these things happen and we were blessed with three healthy children.

Eventually, I was admitted to a ward and told that the operation would be done at the end of the other day cases. There was no indication of when this would be, but I was told not to eat or drink.

There were two other patients in my ward. There was Amy, who was in her 80s, a childless widow, riddled with cancer, yet positive and chatty. On the other side was Irene, a teenager who had just had a miscarriage and had already had her D and C. She would probably have had a termination anyway, she told me gloomily. She hated hospitals and wanted to get out, but she was not allowed to leave on her own. No one had talked to her about her experience or given her any support or advice, but I sensed that she was deeply depressed and in obvious need of help. I had not received anything in the way of comfort or support either. On the other hand, I reflected, they probably thought I would be all right—I was a consultant's wife. The junior doctor who took down my particulars was kind, but either rushed off her feet or just eager to get away.

I was eventually wheeled down to the operating theatre at midnight, 14 hours after my scan and 16 hours after my last meal. Nobody explained the procedure to me or offered any word of comfort. A nursing sister complained about my husband's presence, totally oblivious to me or the distress she was causing.

When I came round I felt an overwhelming feeling of loss and wept uncontrollably. That feeling lasted a few minutes, and I was left with the residual drowsiness from the anaesthetic. I spent an uncomfortable night and tried to sleep, but was frequently roused by Amy who was struggling with her bed pan.

During the morning ward round I was seen by an uninterested registrar for less than 30 seconds.

"How do you feel?" she asked, looking at the notes and so avoiding any eye contact.

"Actually, I feel weak and sore—worse than after any of the births of my children."

"You shouldn't feel like that, perhaps you have an infection," was the reply, as she walked away.

"Being married to a doctor did not make me immune from feelings of fear"

I left hospital later that morning relieved to have the experience behind me, but angry about the lack of humanity with which I had been treated. It was not that I had wanted anything special. All that was needed to make the situation more tolerable was a small degree of communication from the medical or nursing staff. An explanation as to why I had to be starved for 14 hours and what the operation involved might have reassured me. Being married to a doctor did not make me immune from feelings of fear and vulnerability as I lay on the operating table.

My experiences are not unique. I was in a large London teaching hospital with a good reputation yet I was offered no counselling or follow up appointment. Both of these are offered routinely in other hospitals and I did not feel I needed counselling, but what about Irene and all those women who struggle to get pregnant and look hopefully at the screen during their scan only to be told, "I'm afraid it's not viable." It must make economic sense for the NHS to deal with both the emotional and physical consequences of such events. Perhaps with a different attitude the subsequent infection and haemorrhage which I experienced might have been avoided.

We all know that miscarriages are common. When they occur early they limit the heartache for the mother. This is something that we can accept. What is harder to tolerate is being treated as an unwelcome addition to someone's work- load.


Abstract Introduction. The management of critical bone defects has experienced an unprecedented improvement in the last few decades. A good primary mechanical stability and versatility of the modular reconstruction systems allowed the conversion to universal setups and the expansion of indication. The progression and reliability of the reconstruction possibilities available nowadays are outlined using the experience of our department. Material and method. A retrospective review of critical bone defect cases and the reconstruction management using endoprosthetic systems is presented. Ten reconstruction surgeries performed in the last 18 months in our department were observed. The patients were 3 males and 7 females with a mean age of 45.3 (range 19 to 75). Modular systems were used for the reconstruction of bone defects subsequent to resections of benign or malignant musculoskeletal tumors (76%) and to non-neoplastic conditions (24%). Results. On the latest follow-up, all the patients were alive, with one case of tumoral recurrence. No aseptic loosening, soft tissue or structural failure were recorded following surgery, with one case under treatment for infection after it required an open procedure for a prosthetic hip dislocation. The early functional results were adequate in all cases, with good secondary stability and satisfactory quality of life. Conclusion. The evolution of endoprosthetic reconstruction surgery has improved the prognosis for many patients diagnosed with critical bone defects. Continuous advances in implant design, fixation, and soft tissue attachment combined with the improvement of surgical techniques will ensure a bright future for this type of procedures.


We demonstrate a dynamic gain-controlled Er-doped fibre amplifier (EDFA) that controls pump power with a response time of 650 ns. In the eight-channel 10-Gbit/s WDM network composed of two dynamic gain controlled EDFAs and 80 km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF), one surviving channel is successfully transmitted without power penalty even when seven out of eight channels are added/dropped at 1 kHz.


The present thesis establishes an electroacoustic level solution, in order to attenuate the noxious effects of the present reverberation in the Patio de las Culturas of the Universidad de las Americas which impact the intelligible of the message. Based on mensurations of T60 and Frequency Answer and calculation of percent. AlCons was quantified in an objective way the existent problem in the Patio de las Culturas. A comparison was carried out about of the Frequency Answer among the real case and the virtual case that determined the effectiveness of the prediction software MAPP Online Pro, so that, it was applied in order to the simulation of a virtual system of sound reinforcement in the Patio de las Culturas, being achieved a plane Answer Frequency in the whole spectrum of the human voice, besides an uniform covering of the Level of Sound Pressure in all the space where the public would be located. It concluded that, the Patio de las Culturas of the Universidad de las Americas is a not very suitable enclosure from the acoustic point of view to take to end activities like expositions and seminars, to present a time of reverberation above the acoustic recommendation design, a percentage of loss of consonants in the spoken message of 100 percent to a distance of 7 meters and a surplus of almost 100 percent to the recommendation of design of volume. It was determined; the necessity to install a system of sound reinforcement that concentrate the energy exclusively in the sectors where the public would be located which will contribute the necessary absorption to minimize the reflections that it produces the enclosure.


Summary This article examines the question concerning the information regulation of life processes. The first part of the article discusses the life energy concept according to the Orgone Energy theory of Wilhelm Reich. For example, Reich's orgone accumulator is analyzed, and its effectiveness on the physical, biological, psychic, and spiritual spheres is described. It shows that Reich's observations and experiments provide no key evidence for a specific life energy, but rather depict misinterpretations of known effects. Proceeding on this assumption, the second part of the article suggests not to use the energy concept combined with informational biological processes ore use it at least very carefully. Instead, non-energetic regulation processes are introduced as background phenomena, which, without supplying energy, can trigger effects in biological processes. These ultimately appear in the ostensible world as energetic. As a model, the unified quantum field theory according to Burkhard Heim and the dualistic mind/self according to John C. Eccles are discussed.


Smart homes empowered with Internet of Things aim at providing enhanced user comfort by means of non-intrusive home automation systems. Unfortunately, smart homes today have not yet reached the required level of maturity. Current smart home inhabitants struggle with complex user interfaces and static appliance configurations. The smart home user interface needs to go beyond traditional tools such as keyboards and touchpads for better usability. Another limitation of current smart homes is that, they are not intelligent enough to change the status of home appliances based on usage history. On the other hand, recommending appropriate device settings to users based on their past behavior is also a big challenge. These challenges need to be properly addressed in order to bring sensible home automation solutions to the mass market. This paper presents design and development of the techniques that enable smart human-device interfaces and an appliance usage-prediction engine to aid home automation systems. We also present a recommendation system designed especially for smart homes. The appliance usage-prediction engine predicts the status of devices at a given time. Initially, the random forest and gradient boosting methods are used to train our appliance usage-prediction engine. Our highly accurate ensemble model is then developed using random forest and gradient boosting methods as basis. In addition, we have used real data to verify the functionality of our ensemble models and achieved significantly high accuracy levels of around 90% in trial runs. Our proposed system also demonstrates successful prediction of both device status at a given time of the day as well as recommendations based on user behavior.


Anti-extremism legislation has existed in Russia for over a decade, but only recently has it been used to discriminate against, persecute, and eventually "liquidate" the Jehovah's Witnesses. The article reconstructs the history of anti-minority legislation in Russia, from the Soviet Union to the liberal post-Soviet reforms of the 1990s and the retrenchment in the Putin era. Jehovah's Witnesses have been the victims of a notion of the Russian nation granting a de facto monopoly to the Russian Orthodox Church, and regarding religious minorities, particularly those headquartered in the West and proselytizing among Orthodox believers, as a threat to national integrity.


Purpose

Modeling of induction surface hardening strongly depends on accuracy of material properties data and their temperature characteristics. However, it is especially complicated in case of the magnetic permeability dependent not only on temperature but also on the magnetic strength. This paper aims to estimate the influence of the magnetic permeability on modeling of coupled physical fields describing the process. Investigations are provided for the gear wheels made of the steel C45E.

Design/methodology/approach

Computation of coupled electromagnetic temperature and hardness fields is based on FEM methods. The Flux 3D software is applied for the numerical simulation of coupled electromagnetic and temperature fields. The QT Steel software is applied for a determination of the hardness and microstructure distributions.

Findings

Obtained results may be used as a kind of background for the design of induction surface hardening systems.

Research limitations/implications

The presented calculation model provided quite a good accuracy of hardness distribution validated by the experiments. Next work in the field should be aimed at taking into account a dependence of the magnetic permeability on the field current frequency.

Originality/value

Mathematical model of induction surface hardening with taking into account time dependence on the magnetic permeability on temperature and magnetic strength is elaborated. Experimental validation of hardness distribution is provided. A quite reasonable convergence between simulations and measurements was achieved.


. Electrophoretic study of sympatric and allopatric pop¬ ulations of the taxa Pontia protodice and P. occidentalis demonstrates unequivocally that they represent closely related but independent gene pools. Each is genetically very homogeneous over its geographic range, strongly suggesting high levels of migration, colonization, and/or gene flow. P. protodice is less like European P. callidice than is Californian occidentalis , suggesting a possible phylogeny which agrees with previous inferences from morphology and biogeography.


Objective
To explore the status and influencing factors of cultural competence in the junior college student nurses in Shanghai in order to provide a reference basis to improve their cultural competence.

Methods
Purposive sampling method was used in the survey, and 412 students participated were selected form one Shanghai junior college. It included 167 students majored in general nursing, and 89 students majored in nursing (oral hygiene), and 84 students majored in midwife, 72 students majored in Sino-American nursing. We applied the culture competence assessment (CCA) scale to evaluate the cultural competence, awareness and behavior of the nursing students.

Results
The score of cultural competence of the students was (4.19±0.78). The scores of cultural awareness and sensitivity was (5.04±0.94). The score of cultural behavior was (3.51±0.25).

Conclusions
The student nurses culture competence is medium, and cultural awareness and sensitivity is higher, but they are lack of cultural behavior. So it is essential to improve their cultural competence.

Key words:
Shanghai city; Clinical practice, nursing; Cultural competence; Influencing factors


The enthalpies of mixing in silver bromide—alkali bromide and thallium chloride—alkali chloride liquid mixtures have been determined by high‐temperature reaction calorimetry.The following semiempirical relations represent the molar enthalpies of mixing to a good approximation: AgBr–AlkBr:  HM=N1N2(U0+++52δ12−340δ122) kcal/mole,TlCl–AlkCl:  HM=N1N2(U0+++21δ12−340δ122) kcal/mole. In these expressions N1 and N2 are the mole fractions of the two components, while δ12 = (d1 — d2)/d1d2, when d1 and d2 are the sums of the ionic radii in the two component salts. The positive term U0+ + differs from system to system. It represents a theoretical estimate of the contribution to the mixing enthalpy which arises from the dispersion interaction between next‐nearest‐neighbor cations, calculated by an adaptation of the method of Mayer.These expressions are similar to the ones previously determined for the silver chloride—alkali chloride and silver nitrate—alkali nitrate systems, except for the coefficient of the term lin...


This paper attempts to integrate data from models, traditional surveys and big data in a situation of limited information. The goal is to increase the capacity of transport planners to analyze, forecast, and plan passenger mobility. (Big) data are a precious source of information and substantial effort is necessary to filter, integrate, and convert big data into travel demand estimates. Moreover, data analytics approaches without demand models are limited because they allow: (a) the analysis of historical and/or real-time transport system configurations, and (b) the forecasting of transport system configurations in ordinary conditions. Without the support of travel demand models, the mere use of (big) data does not allow the forecasting of mobility patterns. The paper attempts to support traditional methods of transport systems engineering with new data sources from ICTs. By combining traditional data and floating car data (FCD), the proposed framework allows the estimation of travel demand models (e.g., trip generation and destination). The proposed method can be applied in a specific case of an area where FCD are available, and other sources of information are not available. The results of an application of the proposed framework in a sub-regional area (Calabria, southern Italy) are presented.


It is a general assumption that pneumatic muscle-type actuators will play an important role in the development of an assistive rehabilitation robotics system. In the last decade, the development of a pneumatic muscle actuated lower-limb leg orthosis has been rather slow compared to other types of actuated leg orthoses that use AC motors, DC motors, pneumatic cylinders, linear actuators, series elastic actuators (SEA) and brushless servomotors. However, recent years have shown that the interest in this field has grown exponentially, mainly due to the demand for a more compliant and interactive human-robotics system. This paper presents a survey of existing lower-limb leg orthoses for rehabilitation, which implement pneumatic muscle-type actuators, such as McKibben artificial muscles, rubbertuators, air muscles, pneumatic artificial muscles (PAM) or pneumatic muscle actuators (PMA). It reviews all the currently existing lower-limb rehabilitation orthosis systems in terms of comparison and evaluation of the design, as well as the control scheme and strategy, with the aim of clarifying the current and on-going research in the lower-limb robotic rehabilitation field.


Seven sites in Mississippi, Louisiana and Arkansas have been dated. For six sites (Terral Lewis, Poverty Point, Jaketown, Teoc Creek, Shoe Bayou, and Claiborne) the results are not inconsistent with contemporaneity; excluding Claiborne the average date is 1000 b.c., with an error limit in absolute terms of ± 200 years. The seventh site (Loggy Bayou), in which sherds and balls were found in association, gave a date some fifteen hundred years more recent.


Apparent viscosity is the ratio between shear stress and shear rate. The KriegerDougherty equation was developed for suspensions of monodisperse particles and described the relation between apparent viscosity and the volume fraction of solids in suspensions. The Krieger-Dougherty equation has been shown to hold for a polydisperse system as cement paste and for a wide range of shear rates.


A group of Wireless mobile nodes and a base station constitute a typical ad-hoc network. This group is Wireless Sensor Network. Each node has a random mobilization and a limited energy. Their battery's powers play an important role to extend lifespan. This problem is solved by hierarchical protocols, but they are not effective with mobility. Random mobility generates the packets loss. To manage these packets, there are two protocols proposed to control node mobility; namely LEACH-mobile and CBR Mobile. In this work, we have ameliorated the W-LEACH protocol to a new one called W-LEACH-Mobile in two ways. In the first one, we have invested the idea proposed by W-LEACH to increase network life time in a decentralized manner. In the Second, we have managed packets loss generated with node mobility. Finally, we compare this new protocol with LEACH and LEACH-Mobile protocols in terms of energy deception, and with LEACH, W-LEACH and W-LEACH-Decentralized in terms of packets loss.


Because everything in the waterway goes through their gills, they are sensitive to many kinds of pollutants. Sediment in the waterways is especially harmful, suffocating mussels and interfering with important processes needed to survive. Because of these sensitivities, studying these aquatic organisms is important for assessing the health of our water resources. Their presence in a water body is generally a positive indicator of overall water quality and health.


Future networks will be expected to adapt to various requirements from industries, the Internet of Things, consumers, etc. To do so, 5G network standards have so far defined a few classes of network traffic or slices, with highly different characteristics to be supported: ultra-reliable and low latency communications (uRLLC), massive Machine Type Communications (mMTC), extreme mobile broadband (eMBB) [1]. In this demonstration, we introduce finer-grained network micro-slices that can be overlaid onto such 5G slices. Micro-slices allow to provide further context discrimination thanks to network isolation, by dynamically configuring connectivity between end-devices and applications according to requirements expressed by the applications. We illustrate the use of such micro-slices in the context of an event taking place in a stadium. The demonstration setup invites visitors to on-board their own smart-phones onto safety-oriented and/or gaming-oriented micro-slices for a tailored digital experience as spectator, civil-servant or both.


Public-private partnership is prevalent in almost all sectors in India. Over the last three decades the health sector has experimented with public-private partnership in a number of ways, such as contracting out medical services or maintenance of health infrastructure, involving non-government organizations (NGOs) in awareness generation programmes, and pooling technical resources from the not-for-profit sector for training and research purposes. Private players have also been brought in in order to benefit from their updated technical skills, implementation experience and risk taking capacity.


VNU-HCM ABSTRACT Estimating cable tension in cable-stayed bridges or in external tendons is essential for regular inspection and assessment of those structures. Vibration measurements provide a solution, however, may not be accurate in cases parameters such as amount of sag and bending rigidity of cable are significant. In this study, the characteristic equation for vibration of the most general case of a cable, where both the sag and flexure in the cable are taken into account, is analytically derived. After that by considering proper simplifying assumptions of small flexural rigidity parameter, asymptotic forms of that equation are obtained. It renders a practically applicable procedure to estimate cable tension using measured natural frequencies. The developed procedure is verified by realistic data of a cable stayed bridge in


Stroke patients show respiratory insufficiency dueto limited physical activity(1). In particular, thepatients' cardiopulmonary functions are directly andindirectly affected due to decreased movement of thechest wall and electrical activity of the pareticside(2). Furthermore, the respiratory muscles,including the diaphragm, are paralyzed so that thelung and the thorax cannot be sufficiently dilated. Ifthis condition persists, the thoracic tissues may beshortened, and the thoracic muscles may undergofibrosis to reduce the compliance of the thorax. Thisin turn causes various respiratory system complica-tions, such as atelectasis, changes in muscle force,which may directly and/or indirectly obstruct theperformance of daily living activities, and asymmet-rical postures or movement forms, which may ham-per the stability of motion thereby making the per-formance of fine extremity functions difficult(3).This muscle force weakening appears not only inextremity muscles but also in the muscles distributedin the trunk, affecting both the major and accessoryrespiratory muscles(4). In particular, respiratorymuscle weakening affects dyspnea and the ability toperform exercise so that therapeutic interventions,such as ventilatory muscle training, are required toreinforce respiratory muscle functions in order torelieve gasping respiration and improve exercise tol-erance(5). Therefore, to solve the problems of declin-ing efficiency in patients' breathing and changes inpatients' respiratory mechanisms, chest wall dilationand ventilation and lung capacity and volume needto be appropriately maintained(6), after assessing


Introduction: Controversy continues over the value of routine ultrasound hip screening and the question of whether the outcome of hips with dysplasia detected by ultrasound can be improved with treatment. Graf describes a group of infants in whom ultrasound demonstrates a hip that is in joint and centred yet severely dysplastic. These are classified as Grade 2c and are important because, although they may be clinically stable on presentation, they are at risk of progressing to dislocation. Method: Cases were identified in which failure to recognize and/or treat Grade 2c hips lead to subluxation or dislocation of the joint. They were collected from centres where neonates had ultrasound examination of the hip as part of a selected screening program. Results: Eight cases from four UK centres, showing deterioration in untreated Grade 2c hips. All were identified on retrospective Graf grading. Five patients underwent open reduction. Discussion: The Graf method of hip ultrasound examination has not been widely accepted in the UK. Some authors believe that stable dysplastic hips will correct with growth and that treatment confers no specific advantage. However, an advantage of Graf's method is that it can detect the centred, frequently 'stable' hip that will deteriorate in time; the Grade 2c hip. These cases illustrate the importance of recognising and appropriately managing this group of patients who will account for a proportion of late presenting cases of DDH.


The Zr--Gd phase diagram investigation was conducted to further the development of a less corrosive alloy containing the high thermal-neutron cross- section Cd. Results are illustrated. It is noted that alloys containing more than 5% Cd probably have reduced corrosion resistance. (J.R.D.)


The effects of reactive extrusion with peroxide have been compared for two linear low-density polyethylenes (LLDPEs). Resin C is a butene copolymer, while Resin B is an octene-ethylene copolymer. Both have similar molecular weight distributions, but Resin B is significantly richer in terminal vinyl groups. Under the same reactive extrusion conditions, Resin B is much more reactive. Resin C is easier to process in this system, producing products clean of microgel. Concurrently, however, a given peroxide level produces less molecular weight enhancement and long-branch formation in Resin C. Reactive extrusion with peroxide is suitable to effect improvements in the processability of LLDPEs for film applications, provided that the choice of peroxide and the process details are tailored to the characteristics of the particular LLDPE.


Consideration was given to the model coordination-based decentralized control of a system of MIMO subsystems for each of which a reference model of response to the input action is defined. Weakened—as compared with what is known from the literature—existence conditions were determined for solution and analytical description of the control laws of local controllers assuring for all local subsystems the desired transfer matrices of forced output motion. At that, tracking of the reference models is related with realization of a collection of precompensators defined by the resulting formulas and does not constrain the choice of feedbacks of each subsystem. A numerical example was given. PACS numbers: 45.30.+s, 45.80.+r DOI: 10.1134/S0005117909100014


A technique for analytical assessment of flight simulator fidelity is presented as an extension of a methodology previously introduced in the literature. The assessment is based on a computer simulation of the pilot and vehicle and is inherently task dependent. A simple model of visual cue quality is introduced that is based on the classical concept of human operator visual remnant. The complete assessment procedure now includes proprioceptive, vestibular, and visual cue modeling. Inverse dynamic analysis is employed that allows the use of compensatory models of the human pilot in multiaxis tasks. The methodology is exercised by considering a simple rotorcraft lateral and vertical repositioning task in which visual and motion cue quality is varied.


We investigate the role of accounting and audit quality in the allocation of international development aid loans provided by the World Bank. This aid is crucial to improve governance functions, infrastructure, and capital markets, and the accounting and audit environments in a country can provide the World Bank with confidence that aid is being used as intended rather than being diverted for personal or political gain. We find that development aid loans are higher for countries with stronger accounting quality, where IFRS use is mandated, and where the audit environment is stronger. However, we also find that United States geo-political interests influence these results. Specifically, it seems as though the World Bank "overlooks" accounting and audit quality in countries where geo-political interests are relatively aligned with those of the U.S. Finally, we find that accounting and auditing matter only in countries with relatively high corruption levels, indicating that the World Bank trusts, to some extent, that accounting and auditing are of relatively high quality in low corruption countries.


This paper introduces the Global Navigation Satellite System( GNSS),including USA GPS,Russia's GLONASS,Europe's GALILEO and China's BeiDou Navigation Satellite System,and introduced the use of global satellite navigation system and the future development and the future.


The present invention relates to a system and method for mutual authentication between the nodes and the sink in the sensor network. At least one sync is generated a list neighbors sink including information on at least one adjacent sink periodically for this purpose and, when a node request the sink authentication the sink node Certified by requesting node authentication to the base station transmitting the list of their neighbors sink node, and when the node moves to request another sink authentication is the sink and storing the neighboring sync list received from the node, authentication node from its neighbor sync list according to the authentication request sink If the node determines whether the authentication is possible that there exists sink it is possible to easily perform the re-authentication between the nodes and the sink node by requesting re-authentication of the authentication can be synchronized the node. Public key authentication, the neighbor list sink adjacent sink, the node re-certification


With the development of computer science and artificial intelligence, the industrial field is gradually becoming unmanned. In this paper, a 3D point cloud image is created with an RGBD camera, the scene is restored through dense 3D reconstruction, and then the color information in the 3D point cloud image is recognized to obtain the 3D coordinates of the area to be painted. Finally, the coordinates are sent to the painting robot to achieve the purpose of automatic painting. This article describes the visual 3D reconstruction part. Unlike the current painting system, this system can automatically obtain the position information without the need to fix the position of the object. In the end, the system can realize the dense reconstruction of 3D point clouds of objects, which provides a certain reference for industrial unmanned management.


This article presents the results of experimental studies on the formation of nanosized objects in single crystals of silicon ion-implanted with manganese ions with an energy of 40 keV at various doses. The formation of nanosized objects was determined by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy (RS). It was found that in the Raman spectrum of non-implanted samples there are peaks with a wave number of 520 cm-1 characteristic of pure silicon associated with the crystalline phase and satellites with frequencies 301 cm-1, and 971 cm-1. The band with a wave number of 971 cm-1 corresponds to the main band of the tetrahedral bond in silicon. The intensity of this peak depends on the sample thickness. When the sample thickness changes from 200 μm to 3 mm, the intensity of this peak decreases by almost two times. And in the Raman spectra of ion-implanted samples, several bands with different intensities are observed, and their number and intensity strongly depend on the implantation dose. It has been suggested that the observed peaks are possibly associated with radiation defects and nanosized formations. This assumption was verified using AFM investigation. The AFM images show various nanosized objects, apparently associated with manganese ions.


This paper discusses the first two years of Brazil's current stabilization programme - known as the Real Plan - and in particular its effects on the country's external economic relations, in the ligth of similar stabilization programmes adopted in Mexico from 1988 to 1994 and in Argentina since 1991. Although each national experience has its peculiarities, it is shown that the Brazilian economy has been reliving the Mexican and Argentinian experience in some important respects, combining success in terms of inflation reduction, with strong and persistent exchange rate appreciation, high deficits in the balance of payments on current account and dependence on volatile international capital flows.


The product quality issues of online shopping have not been effectively solved with the rapid development of electronic commerce in China. Faced with the quality issues of online shopping, the main entities, such as online platforms and online sellers, should cooperate to control and assure compliant quality. The adverse selection of buyers caused by information asymmetry and the moral hazard of sellers aggravated by bilateral markets make the quality management of online shopping have a high degree of uncertainty and complexity. This study constructs an evolutionary game model to discuss the dynamic process of the quality behaviours of members and analyse the key triggers of the evolutionary directions in online shopping. By using numerical simulation analysis, the influences of government supervision intensities on the evolution trend of members' quality behaviours are analysed with various risk attitude combinations in various cases. The current research finds that (1) the decrease of the quality control cost and the increase of the government's benchmark fine are conducive to increasing the platform's controlling probability; (2) the decrease of the proportion of rent and the increase of sellers' fraud cost and the government's benchmark fines are conducive to increasing the seller's compliance probability; (3) when both the platform and seller are unwilling to make efforts for quality assurance, risk-seeking members make the seller gradually choose to provide compliant products; and (4) when the members are all risk-seeking, strengthening government supervision will help promote the transition of members' behavioural choices in a benign direction. This paper enriches the theoretical research studies on both online product quality control and government-led social governance system of quality. Suggestions for government supervision and e-commerce entities are also provided for quality assurance and improvement.


Abstract : The configuration and performance of a hybrid frequency tracking loop which tracks the frequency of a pulsed sinusoid are addressed in this report. A linear model of the loop is developed and an approximate expression is derived for the standard deviation of the frequency tracking error due to the presence of additive white Gaussian noise at the loop's input. Results obtained by simulating the loop on a digital computer are presented which show the extent to which loop non-linearities affect the standard deviation of the frequency tracking error, the distribution of the frequency tracking error, and the loop lock range. These results show that the loop operates with a high degree of effectiveness. (Author)


Introduction Simulation as a pedagogical strategy contributes to improving the acquisition, consolidation and retention of knowledge and is very attractive for students. In simulation learning, students come into contact with real clinical practices, allowing them to develop personal, psychosocial, ethical and clinical skills, facilitating learning for decision-making. The creation of different and complex simulation scenarios within the scope of Mental Health and Psychiatry (MHP) allows the empowerment of nursing students, through the anticipation and prevention of errors and the creation of training opportunities, which culminate in the development of critical thinking and reflective on the ethical dimension of caring for people experiencing mental illness. Objectives To analyze the simulation as a strategy to develop ethical competences in MHP; To reflect on respect for autonomy, capacity for self-determination and dignity of the person; To reflect on care practices that promote respect and dignity for people experiencing mental illness. Methods After the careful design of the situation simulation scenario in MHP, the steps are as follows: Prebriefing - transmit generic information about the scenario to the participants/students; request the participation of some students to assume the role of actors in the context they will encounter and prepare to start the case; explain to observers what will happen and the goals of the scenario. - Scenario development. - Debriefing - ask observers to analyse and reflect on positive aspects of performance; lead participants to analyse and reflect on their actions; investigate the basis of gaps/errors. - Reflection - facilitating students' structured thinking (reflection-in-action and reflection-on-action); review learning. - Assessment - focus group interview; observation and/or filming. Results The evaluation revealed that the use of a simulation scenario allows the connection between the theoretical contents of ethics (principles, dignity of the person, human rights, informed consent, …) with what they saw and experienced in the scenario; facilitates understanding of concepts, helps to internalize knowledge and retain information; favors reflection, development of critical thinking through discussion and argumentation; makes it easier to understand the relationship between the subject taught and reality; and the discussion of the situation helped to structure the thought. The diversity of scenarios is interesting and useful, it allows understanding the different role of nurses in the hospital context and in the context of primary care. Conclusions It is concluded that the use of a simulation scenario in MHP is of great interest and usefulness for the development of ethical competences, allowing reflection on care practices that promote respect and dignity of the person with experience of mental illness. Disclosure of Interest None Declared


As full waveform inversion (FWI) has become a topic of great interest in the oil and gas industry, its field application becomes a focus. With factors being studied like huge computational cost, strict requirement of input data, and so on, an approach of FWI on GPU clusters is proposed. Testing on synthetic datasets proves that the method is able to describe and build theoretically high-precision velocity model, where an acceleration ratio of more than forty times is achieved. Trial processing of land field datasets proves that the velocity model inverted from FWI in the Shengli Oilfield leads to promising imaging result than that from other velocity model building methods. Through further analysis, this paper points out the strategy of applying FWI on land datasets.


The control valve selection is a much-needed breakthrough in the development of major technological equipment. The automation of the control valve selection process is still a challenge. Addressing this issue, an ontology model for automatic selection of control valves is proposed and a methodology for building the model is suggested, which fully characterizes structured and unstructured knowledge for automatic selection, and effectively captures the semantic association between application requirements and product features in the selection process. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this method for the automatic selection of control valves.© 2014 ASME


In this paper a set of model scaling equations for wind-tunnel simulation of the trajectory of jettisoned stores from aircraft is presented. This scaling is based upon a scaled gravitational acceleration. It is shown that a suitable scaled gravity can be developed by means of magnetized ferromagnetic spheres in a magnetic field gradient. Preliminary experimental results are presented that illustrate that "gravity can be modified" by this technique.


According to the character of coal blending such as multi-variable, large lag, nonlinearity and modeless, a system of automatic coal blending based on Ethernet structure was designed in this paper. The method that combined expert system with PID was applied in the system and proved effective.


Nationally, college women in the early 1990s were dropping out of science, math and engineering majors at a rate of 70% compared to a male dropout rate of 61%. At elite schools, 54% of women left those majors compared to 39% of the men (Seymour & Hewitt, 1997.) The current study explored whether women students with interests in majoring in math and science who were enrolled in a first-year intervention course with a career development emphasis would score higher on post-test measures of career aspirations, attitudes toward multiple role planning, coping with barriers efficacy, and career self-efficacy than women with interests in majoring in math and science who were in a no-treatment control group. Also explored was whether the women would be more likely to persist in their intended major and career choices than women with similar interests who were in a no-treatment control group.) provided a theoretical framework for the intervention. The participants in the treatment group (n = 11) did not exhibit significantly different changes from pretest to posttest than the control group (n = 11). Participants completed the 1996). Course evaluation feedback indicated satisfaction with the course. Limitations to the study, recommendations for further study, and implications for counselors are described. Researchers are encouraged to continue to explore possible moderating and mediating variables in order to investigate the complexities of retaining college women in math and science-related majors. Phi and several national and state associations. She has been active in the North Carolina College Personnel Association, serving in many roles including president. She has been


In underground coal mines, the deep-hole blasting (DHB) technology is generally adopted for thick hard-roof control. This technology uses the energy released by explosives to weaken the energy storage capacity of hard roof so as to prevent hard-roof rock burst disasters. In this paper, a numerical simulation model of roof DHB was established based on particle flow and the damage range of single-hole blasting with concentrated cylindrical charge was studied. The temporal and spatial evolutions of overlying strata, the distribution of the force chain structure, and the working resistance of hydraulic pressure in the mining process before and after the application of DHB were contrastively analyzed. The following beneficial conclusions were drawn. The blasting-induced single-hole damage range is generally characterized by annular zoning. After the application of DHB, overall the collapse morphology of the key strata in the mining process changes from long-distance instantaneous slipping instability to stratified short-arm stepped synergistic subsidence. The density and strength of force chains in the overburden are notably reduced; the peak value of compressive force chain strength in the key strata in the mining process falls by 17.85% as a result of DHB. The monitoring results of the working resistance of hydraulic support reveal that the DHB technology can effectively shorten the step distance of periodic weighting and reduce the variation amplitude of overburden load during weighting. In summary, the mechanism of hard-roof rock burst control by DHB is reflected by both static load reduction and dynamic load reaction.


On 26 December 2003, a destructive Mw 6.5 earthquake occurred in Kerman province, Iran, killing more than 30,000 people around the ancient city of Bam. We map the fault zone and determine the slip distribution using sub‐pixel correlation of images taken by the SPOT‐5 THR sensor before and after the main shock. Our results show that the surface displacement occurred on a blind fault oriented N174 and located South of Bam. A 15 km along‐strike profile depicts a distribution with a maximum displacement of 1.2 ± 0.15 m near the centre of the fault. The mean slip that we infer (∼0.77 ± 0.05 m) is much higher than the ground displacement measured in the field (∼0.2 m). We suggest that field‐measured displacements are underestimated due to slip accommodation within an 500 m wide shear zone. Furthermore, we demonstrate for the first time the relevancy of 2.5 m SPOT‐5 THR images for sub‐pixel ground displacement measurements.


Primary carcinoma of the vagina is indeed a rare lesion. It has an incidence of one to two percent of all gynecologic malignancies. About two to five percent of these tumors are adenocarcinomas. Vaginal carcinoma appears mostly in patients older than fifty years. When Herbst and Scully published their first article on this subject, there was no explanation yet for the abrupt increase of vaginal adenocarcinoma in Boston Hospitals.


The paper describes how joints may be made in the envelope of sealed-off, high-vacuum tubes using a synthetic resin adhesive, permitting unusual forms of construction. A pressure of 10-6 torr may be maintained in such a tube for several years. Success depends on suitable design and processing and on the use of getters. A special television camera tube and a vacuum photocell have been made using this technique.


It was thought interesting to synthesized derivative of dithiazine. A simple and efficient procedure for the synthesis of substituted dithiazine. In this work new substituted dithiazine have been reported from N-[2-(furan-2-yl)-1-(3-nitrophenyl)-4oxoazetidin-3-yl]-N-substituteddicarbanodithioimidic and phenylisocyanodichloride. The newly synthesized compound were fully characterized using IR, H-NMR, and elemental analysis and screened for their in vitro antioxidant activity using 1,1diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging methods by this method. Thus the title compounds are a new class of potent antioxidant agent and worthy of further investigation.


Estimation of biochemical constituents in vegetation such as lignin, cellulose, starch, sugar and protein by remote sensing methods is an important goal in ecological research. The spectral reflectances of dried leaves exhibit diagnostic absorption features which can be used to estimate the abundance of important constituents. Lignin and nitrogen concentrations have been obtained from canopies by use of imaging spectrometry and multiple linear regression techniques. The difficulty in identifying individual spectra of leaf constituents in the region beyond 1 micrometer is that liquid water contained in the leaf dominates the spectral reflectance of leaves in this region. By use of spectrum matching techniques, originally used to quantify whole column water abundance in the atmosphere and equivalent liquid water thickness in leaves, we have been able to remove the liquid water contribution to the spectrum. The residual spectra resemble spectra for cellulose in the 1.1 micrometer region, lignin in the 1.7 micrometer region, and starch in the 2.0-2.3 micrometer region. In the entire 1.0-2.3 micrometer region each of the major constituents contributes to the spectrum. Quantitative estimates will require using unmixing techniques on the residual spectra.


It is clear at the outset that there are a huge number of variables involved in building a written corpus that need to be considered before beginning what can be a very daunting task. Some of these issues are related to all corpus creation, and others can be seen to be specific to written corpora. In general terms, the very first question to ask oneself is 'Do I have to do this?' The exponential rise of available electronic corpora over the last twenty years has provided the academic community with an enormous amount of ready-made data that can be accessed easily on-line. Thus the question of 'Why build a new corpus?' must be very seriously considered. If you do decide to continue, then the purpose of the corpus must be very clear – what do you want to achieve by creating the corpus and what will it be used for? Depending on your answer to these questions, there then come crucial decisions to make regarding the size of the corpus, of how it should be balanced, the sampling methods to use, the kinds of texts that should be used, the use of full, or samples of, text and how representativeness could be achieved. Further issues concern whether you want to create a corpus for a specialist purpose or for more general purposes. When you have planned your corpus and the content it will contain, will you stick to this plan rigidly, or will you take texts from where you can readily get them? Finally, there are psychological elements attached to corpus creation: planning, finding, gathering and formatting data over a long period of time can be mentally very taxing and requires a project planner's approach to the task. There are also further issues that are specific to written corpora. There is a commonly held belief that creating a written corpus is easier than creating a spoken corpus. While this may to some extent be true, there are still many difficulties involved in the creation of a written corpus: for example, in the choosing of texts, gaining access to the texts you require and dealing with the process of turning text into a computer-readable format, followed by storage and analysis. This chapter will attempt to provide assistance and advice on these issues and hopefully provide an insight into the whole process of building a written corpus from inception to completion. In the first part of the chapter the general areas mentioned above will be considered with reference to the literature and also with specific reference to how some well-known written corpora have been designed. The next section deals


In our burgeoning ecocritical scholarship on Romanticism, we have frequently thought about trees, clouds, rocks, nests, rivers, and other features of England's "green & pleasant Land" (CPP 96). But the desert—dull earth, empty land—was actually a recurring trope in Romantic poetry, from the Dream of the Arab inWordsworth's Prelude, and the remnants of a sculpture of Ramesses II lodged in the desert of Shelley's "Ozymandias," to Byron's Orientalist fantasies, Keats's and Hunt's Nile sonnets, Hemans's desert flower, and Blake's insistent meditations on grains of sand. This essay seeks to reclaim the desert—with its flatness, infinitude, and shifting surfaces that uncover, cover, and recover—as a quintessentially "Romantic" space, and a breed of Romantic wilderness that lies beyond the thickets, moors, and other ecologies of England. How does the period's frequent return to desert imagery, to "non-green ecologies," alter our current ecocritical readings of Romanticism? Deserts were alien to the Romantics—a barren species of nature that did not obey the same rules of organicism, of verdancy, of life that the pastoral landscape of England did. Rocks, clouds, and nestswere all readily accessible to the Romantics. This immediacy is observable in the fact that many Romantic natural subjects have an indexicality, a specific referent (e.g., Shelley's "Mont Blanc;" Wordsworth's "Poems on the Naming of Places," his River Duddon sequence, appeals to the Derwent, the split stone—now whitewashed—he remembers from his childhood in The


This article reconsiders some aspects of the early medieval monastic settlement of Torba, starting from an established historiography and the very recent publication of new archaeological data. Focusing on the Monastery tower, which had been part of the late antique curtain wall of Castelseprio, the research has led to a new interpretation of the construction phases and functions. The contribution thus offers new hypotheses for interdisciplinary evaluation, particularly about the possibility that the monastic choir might have been installed in a space not consecrated. The mural paintings of both the tower and the church of Santa Maria remain to be reconsidered in detail, as well as the relationship with the monastic building leaning against the curtain wall. The results should later be compared with the updated research on female monastic settlements in the early medieval West.


This bachelor thesis deals with the opinions and attitudes of parents in the context of early English learning of children in pre-school and early school age. It provides the theoretical findings in the sphere of speech development and describes closer the specifics of their cognitive development. Further it deals with knowledge in the sphere of learning languages with children in pre-school and early school age and its practical usage. Empirical part examines the importance of English learning in pre-school age and its future influence when starting school. The aim of empirical part is to find out whether it is suitable to start learning a foreign language at pre-school age and how this knowledge affects a child in normal school environment. Along with the theoretical part, results of the research that was carried out in this area will be presented.


Numerical information is ubiquitous and people are continuously engaged in evaluating it by means of intuitive statistical judgments. Much research has evaluated if people's judgments live up to th ...


This report is the latest update on the progress towards MDGs in Asia and the Pacific. By zooming in on specific indicators the report highlights the regions achievements and exposes issues on which much work remains to be done. It provides estimates of populations affected by social and economic poverty in the Asia-Pacific region and compares it to the two other major developing regions sub-Saharan-Africa and Latin America and the Caribbean. Asia-Pacific countries continue to make progress towards the MDGs but on present trends many are likely to miss some vital targets including those for infant mortality HIV prevalence and access to water and sanitation in urban areas. Even more worryingly some countries are at risk of failing to reach even two-thirds of the targets. (excerpt)


An increase in injected and accelerated beam intensity is achieved at the expense of periodically accumulating protons in a special magnetic accumulator. (R.V.J.)


We prove that the geometric Bogomolov conjecture holds for nowhere degenerate abelian varieties of dimension $5$ with trivial trace. By this result together with our previous work, we see that the conjecture holds for an abelian variety such that the difference between the dimension of its maximal nowhere degenerate abelian subvariety and that of its trace equals $5$.


Liquid dishwashing detergent compositions are prepared that exhibit increased viscosity, better dissolution rate and surprisingly improved cleaning performance in hard water, comprising from about 1% to about 90% of an anionic surfactant and from about 1% to about 30% of a solvent hydrotrope selected from the group consisting of alkoxylated glycerides, alkoxylated glycerines, esters of alkoxylated glycerines, alkoxylated fatty acids, esters of glycerin, polyglycerol esters and combinations thereof.


To solve the semantic heterogeneity and sharing problems in the simulation process of precision guided ammunition operations,the entity and domino effect model was erected on the basis of ontology engineering.With the system model description of the precision guided ammunition and its damage effect,the description semantics was advanced by the precision guided ammunition ontology.Then the solution for design and construction of ontology was given,and the ontology system for precision guided ammunition domain was determined.Based on the ample share foundation of precision guided ammunitions,the simulation precision guided ammunition model was practically designed and applied to the damage simulation experiment from the guided ammunition to protective structure,which established the foundation for the knowledge management of the entity and damage effect with ontology engineering.


Calcium can be mobilized in pancreatic β‐cells via a mechanism of Ca2+‐induced Ca2+ release (CICR), and cAMP‐elevating agents such as exendin‐4 facilitate CICR in β‐cells by activating both protein kinase A and Epac2. Here we provide the first report that a novel phosphoinositide‐specific phospholipase C‐ɛ (PLC‐ɛ) is expressed in the islets of Langerhans, and that the knockout (KO) of PLC‐ɛ gene expression in mice disrupts the action of exendin‐4 to facilitate CICR in the β‐cells of these mice. Thus, in the present study, in which wild‐type (WT) C57BL/6 mouse β‐cells were loaded with the photolabile Ca2+ chelator NP‐EGTA, the UV flash photolysis‐catalysed uncaging of Ca2+ generated CICR in only 9% of the β‐cells tested, whereas CICR was generated in 82% of the β‐cells pretreated with exendin‐4. This action of exendin‐4 to facilitate CICR was reproduced by cAMP analogues that activate protein kinase A (6‐Bnz‐cAMP‐AM) or Epac2 (8‐pCPT‐2′‐O‐Me‐cAMP‐AM) selectively. However, in β‐cells of PLC‐ɛ KO mice, and also Epac2 KO mice, these test substances exhibited differential efficacies in the CICR assay such that exendin‐4 was partly effective, 6‐Bnz‐cAMP‐AM was fully effective, and 8‐pCPT‐2′‐O‐Me‐cAMP‐AM was without significant effect. Importantly, transduction of PLC‐ɛ KO β‐cells with recombinant PLC‐ɛ rescued the action of 8‐pCPT‐2′‐O‐Me‐cAMP‐AM to facilitate CICR, whereas a K2150E PLC‐ɛ with a mutated Ras association (RA) domain, or a H1640L PLC‐ɛ that is catalytically dead, were both ineffective. Since 8‐pCPT‐2′‐O‐Me‐cAMP‐AM failed to facilitate CICR in WT β‐cells transduced with a GTPase activating protein (RapGAP) that downregulates Rap activity, the available evidence indicates that a signal transduction 'module' comprised of Epac2, Rap and PLC‐ɛ exists in β‐cells, and that the activities of Epac2 and PLC‐ɛ are key determinants of CICR in this cell type.


Mobile number portability (MNP) enables mobile telephone users to retain their mobile telephone numbers when changing from one mobile network operator to another. MNP (Mobile number portability) is implemented in different ways across the globe. In India the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) implemented the MNP facility firstly in Haryana in November 2010 and then extended to all parts of the country in January 2011. The facility is available for both pre paid and post paid customers across mobile operators with in the same telecom circle. Vodafone India, formerly Vodafone Essar and HutchisonEssar, is the third largest mobile network operator in India after Airtel. It is based in Mumbai, Maharashtra and which operates nationally. It has approximately 141519840 subscribers in India ie,21.54% of the total 657158013 Indian mobile phone subscribers. In terms of active subscriber base in Kerala Vodafone is the second largest player with a market share of 20.2%. Kerala is one of slowest growing market with high proportion of MNP requests. By April 2013, Kerala registered 3755047 Mobile Number Portability (MNP) requests, which is one of the highest in India.


Measurements of the variation of ultrasonic second harmonic wave amplitudes with the specimen temperatures and the fundamental wave amplitudes are made in molecular crystal naphthalene by using a modified pulse echo technique. Explanation of the experimental results is given and problems for further investigation are suggested.


It has been recently suggested \cite{Bezrukov:2017ike,Bezrukov:2018wvd} that a cosmic scalar field can completely change the keV-scale sterile neutrino production in the early Universe. Its effect may, for various parameter choices, either suppress sterile neutrino production and make moderate active-sterile mixing cosmologically acceptable, or increase the production and generate considerable dark matter component out of sterile neutrino with otherwise negligible mixing with SM. In this paper we provide analytic estimates complementing and providing details of the numerical calculations performed in \cite{Bezrukov:2018wvd} in the case of resonant amplification of the sterile neutrino production. We also discuss phenomenological and theoretical issues related to the successful implementation of this idea in fully realistic extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics.


In this article, we explore the phenomenon of willpower in acts of leadership, a capacity that has been largely overlooked by leadership research. It is argued that leadership is a social process where someone assumes leadership by taking and earning a right to lead, and we investigate whether willpower is important for leadership. We do this by conducting three studies. Even though the research is still in need of further work, the conclusions from these studies combined indicate that willpower may be an important capacity in acts of leadership. We also find that willpower is a process phenomenon to which certain generic principles apply, and we suggest a set of strategies for this available to leaders, and to others who want to better use and develop their willpower. We also think that some of the recommendations provided are of interest to other than leaders, given the suggested importance of willpower.


Nationwide HIV-1 seroprevalence rates in Vietnam are estimated to be almost 10% for IV drug users (IVDUs), 3% for female prostitutes, and 2% for males attending clinics for sexually transmitted diseases. These estimated prevalences are comparable to those observed in the same risk groups in Thailand 5 years ago. Blood samples were analyzed from two female HIV-1-seropositive prostitutes and three male IVDUs in southern Vietnam during April and May 1995. HIV-1 infection was confirmed by nested PCR in all five samples. Sequence alignment and comparison of the 325-nucleotide region with the major HIV-1 subtypes from widely separated geographic regions indicate that the Vietnam HIV-1 strains are genetically most similar to virus strains from Thailand, diverging from well-characterized subtype E strains by 3.1-5.9% and 5.6-12.0% at the nucleotide and deduced amino acid levels, respectively. The interstrain genetic variation among the Vietnam env sequences was 2.5-4.9%. None of the prostitutes and IVDUs studied had traveled to or worked in Thailand or Cambodia, and neither of the prostitutes used IV drugs, suggesting that they were infected sexually with indigenous strains circulating within Vietnam. The phylogenetic clustering of the Vietnam HIV-1 strains and their relative low degree of sequence variability are consistent with a founder effect and the recent introduction of HIV-1 subtype E. Index Keywords: amino acid substitution; drug abuse; genetic variability; high risk population; human immunodeficiency virus 1; human immunodeficiency virus infection; human immunodeficiency virus prevalence; note; phylogeny; polymerase chain reaction; priority journal; prostitution; viet nam; Asia; Behavior; Developing Countries; Diseases; Drug Usage; Examinations And Diagnoses; Hiv; Hiv Infections; Iv Drug Users--men; Laboratory Examinations And Diagnoses; Laboratory Procedures; Measurement; Prevalence; Prostitutes--women; Research Methodology; Research Report; Sex Behavior; Southeastern Asia; Viet Nam; Viral Diseases; Adolescent; Adult; Amino Acid Sequence; Base Sequence; Female; Genes, env; HIV Infections; HIV Seroprevalence; HIV-1; Humans; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Occupational Diseases; Phylogeny; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Prostitution; Thailand; Vietnam


This paper deals with the current distribution in a Bitter type toroidal field coil using a numerical method. The current flow patterns for different times in the coil.the time evolution of the inductance and resistance, the distribution of the electromagnetic force in the TF coil are shown in the paper.


Hyperlipidemic states are associated with focal accumulations in arterial walls of oxidatively modified low density lipoprotein (LDL) and monocyte-derived liquid-laden macrophages, biochemical and cellular hallmarks of atheromatous lesions. Mechanisms underlying the generation and cellular uptake of oxidized LDL are still incompletely understood. We have used laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy to monitor the formation, intracellular accumulation, and tissue distribution of oxidized LDL. Oxidatively modified LDL excited by a XeCl excimer laser (308 nm) exhibits unique spectral characteristics that distinguish it from native (non-oxidized) LDL. The same spectral characteristics were demonstrated in lipid-rich atheromatous lesions, macrophages after incubation with oxidized LDL, and peripheral blood monocytes from hyperlipidemic, but not normolipidemic subjects. Detection of oxidized LDL in peripheral blood monocytes and arterial tissue may provide information on the atherogenic activity of hyperlipidemic states and serve as a novel risk factor for the assessment of atherosclerosis.


Abstract: In the period of On the Essence of Human Freedom Schelling worked out a theory of freedom which includes more than its main question about the compatibility of human freedom to do good and evil with the logical necessity of reason and freedom of God. A full comprehension of freedom in this period has to include his answers to the question how free individual actions of persons work. The main claim of this paper is that Schelling's philosophy around 1810 contains a two-level theory of freedom. It relates a fundamental base of general freedom and unchangeable decisions about our character with a level where different grades of freedom and changes of the character of a person are possible.


Consider the following self-organizing rule called POS(i): after a book in the jth position of a shelf is borrowed, it is moved up one position if j i, and is moved to the ith position if j > i. This is a family of move-forward rules, with POS(l) being the move-to-front rule and POS(n − 1) being the transposition rule where n is the number of books to be organized. We derive explicitly the stationary distribution under the POS(i) rule and show that its search cost compares favorably with that of move-to-front rule under any book access probabilities p 1, p 1, ···, pn .


The invention relates to a break-resistant and corrosion-resistant asphalt material and a preparation method thereof. The break-resistant and corrosion-resistant asphalt material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28-44 parts of coal tar pitch, 14-16 parts of alkyd resin, 5-8 parts of diatomite, 4-7 parts of silicone acrylic emulsion, 6-12 parts of polypropylene, 3-6 parts of butanone and 4-9 parts of octane. The preparation method of the break-resistant and corrosion-resistant asphalt material comprises the steps of heating and mixing the components, stirring and performing heat preservation, the prepared asphalt material has good break resistance and corrosion resistance, and quality of the asphalt material is improved.


This paper reports on a novel application of ground penetrating radar to a longwall steering problem in the coal mining industry. The main goal of the work was to determine whether a radar-based system could be used to detect coal-rock interfaces in order to establish a suitable mining horizon within the coal seam. We investigated the feasibility of the radar unit and determined that a positive correlation exists between the radar data and known coal-rock interface geology. We also highlight some of the unique challenges encountered when attempting to develop electrical equipment that is suitable for hazardous underground coal mining environments.


In the past few decades, many research pieces were devoted to Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs), both in hardware and software technology. Nowadays, these are popular for the automatic handling of materials, goods, and containers. They provide more efficient and flexible solutions for manufacturing and transportation systems. This paper does a survey on Automated Guided Vehicles in the real world, in port automation for automatic container handling and manufacturing systems for flexible material handling systems. The results of this survey reveal several corollaries over usage, modeling of problems, and solutions. Moreover, it presents several challenges for future research. The first challenge is to perform a simulation model that can handle multiple layouts in both container terminals and manufacturing systems. The second challenge is to work on the new technology of AGVs, which involves Industry 4.0. The third challenge is concerned with some dynamic vehicle routing strategies based on a two-tiered simulation. The fourth challenge is to develop more efficient algorithms for various problems of routing AGVs in practical applications.


Recent reports (1, 2, 3) have focused the attention of the medical profession and of the general public on the hazards of diagnostic roentgenology. At the same time, radiologists have felt the need for shorter and shorter exposures in many situations, particularly in angiocardiographic technics (4). The ideal solution of this problem would be a reduction in exposure time with a decrease in radiation exposure to the patient, without sacrifice of the diagnostic quality of the image. Recent progress in the photographic field has resulted in the development of extremely fast panchromatic emulsions. The ASA speed of these films, when properly handled, is from 320 to 2,000 per cent higher than that attainable with the usual emulsions. In view of the fact that the formation of the image on x-ray film is mainly due to the visible light fluorescence of the intensifying screen (98–99 per cent), it appeared that progress made in the photographic field should be exploited in roentgenography with intensifying screens....


This paper presents a cost-effective, scalable and energy-efficient cloud resource allocation model for real-time seamless access and processing of monitored body sensor data. In particular, two methods were used to solve the VM resource allocation problem The first method uses a linear programming (LP) model of quantitatively optimizing VM allocation using cost objectives and constraints on the resource utilization condition, CPU utilization, energy consumption and delay of services. The second approach solves the VM resource allocation problem using different heuristics. We studied existing heuristics and modify them to fit our situation. We tested the workload of body sensor data on Amazon Cloud EC2. Then we create a large simulation scenario and compare our proposed method with other approaches.


Author Institution: Department of Chemistry, Wesleyan University, Hall-Atwater Laboratories, 52 Lawn Ave, Middletown, CT 06459-0180; School of Natural and Social Sciences, Purchase College SUNY, 735 Anderson Hill Road, Purchase, NY 10577