In long‐range propagation experiments, the observed time‐of‐arrival patterns show early geometrical‐like arrivals followed by a crescendo of energy that propagates along the sound‐channel axis and is not resolved into individual arrivals. In these experiments the sound source and receiver are placed close to the depth of the axis. As a result, rays emerging from the source at sufficiently small angles intersect the axis many times and form in its vicinity a large number of caustics with caustic cusps located repeatedly along the axis. It is well known that a description in terms of geometrical acoustics is not valid in neighborhoods of cusped caustics because such a description presupposes that the waves associated with individual ray paths do not interfere with one another. These neighborhoods of interference grow with range and at long ranges they overlap. The interference of the wave fields that correspond to near‐axial rays results in the formation of a complex interference wave, or axial wave, that propagates along the waveguide axis being a component of the axial crescendo. In this paper for a range‐independent ocean the axial wave formation is discussed as well as its main properties in the frequency and time domains. [Work supported by ONR.]


Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory condition caused by the deposition of lipids in the artery wall and the infiltration of inflammatory cells. It is one of the cardiovascular diseases (CVD) which remains the major cause of mortality in the world, typically claiming a third of all deaths. It is occurring in the modern industrialized countries due to changing life styles and food pattern (Chan et al., 1996; Araujo et al., 2008).


Objective To explore the early diagnosis of chlamydia pneumoniae(Cpn) infection in infants.Methods Fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(FQ-PCR) technique and ELISA method were adopted respectively to detect the DNA of Cpn in peripheral blood mononuclear cell and chlamydia pneumonia IgM antibody in plasma in 110 infants with the prescribed diagnosis of respiratory tract infection.Results 35 cases,including 18 case both with PCR and with ELISA,15 cases with PCR,2 cases with ELISA,were positive and the positive ratio was 31.8%.The difference in the results between PCR and ELISA was statistically significant(χ2=4.2007,P0.05).Conclusions Cpn is one of important pathogens that cause respiratory tract infection of infants.FQ-PCR method is a rapid,sensitive and specific assessment in detecting the CP-DNA in peripheral blood and can help us to know the infection and amplification situation of Cpn in infants.


UP TO 1 MILLION PATIENTS IN THE United States may be taking 2 medications that can lead to unexpected increases in blood glucose levelswhenusedsimultaneously.Dataminingtechniqueshaverevealedthatthecombinationof theantidepressantparoxetine andthecholesterol-loweringmedication pravastatinmaycause this adverseeffect (TatonettiNPetal.ClinPharmacolTher. doi:10.1038/clpt.2011.83 [published online ahead of print May 25, 2011]). "If a physician has a patient on these 2 medications and their diabetes becomes harder to control, the physician may want to consider changing the medications," said principal investigator Russ Altman, MD, PhD, professor of bioengineering, genetics, and medicine at Stanford University. To uncover the paroxetine-pravastatin association with high glucose effects, the investigators mined the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) Adverse Event Reporting System (AERS) (http://tinyurl.com/mbjsdt) for drug interactions with diabetes-related associations. After finding an intriguing indication that pravastatin and paroxetine taken together may influence glucose homeostasis, they retrospectively evaluated changes in blood glucose in 104 patients with diabetes and 135 without diabetes who had received both of these drugs. To accomplish this, they analyzed data in electronic medical record (EMR) systems from 3 institutions and assessedmeanrandombloodglucose levels before and after treatment with the drugs. Administration of both pravastatin and paroxetine together was associated with an average increase in blood glucose levels of 19 mg/dL (1.0 mmol/L) overall and 48 mg/dL (2.7 mmol/L) in individuals with diabetes. Neither drug administered singly was associated with such changes in glucose levels, and no increase was seen with other combinations of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and statins. "FDAAERSsometimesgets criticized as filledwithbiasesandnotuseful. It can certainlybeimproved,butithassomeuseful information, for sure," said Altman. "Also, EMRs were really critical in our studybecause theyallowedustovalidate ourFDA-derivedpredictionsatminimal cost." Lead author Nicholas Tatonetti addedthattheexpandingpresenceofEMR systemsrepresentsanewandgrowingopportunitytostudydrugeffectsinrealtime. "This is especially important in the case ofdrug-druginteractionswheretheeffect may not appear until a very large cohort of patients has been exposed," he said. The researchers also looked at the impact of the 2 medications in laboratory mice that were fed a high-fat, highcalorie diet and became insulin resistant. Neither medication alone increased fasting glucose levels in these prediabetic mice, but when they were given paroxetine and pravastatin together for 3 weeks, their glucose levels increased dramatically. "Random data mining of spontaneous reports often leads to blind alleys, but this creative study used the approach to generate a wholly unexpected hypothesis that the authors were then able to confirm in observational studies of patients' glucose levels in multiple sites, as well as in an animal experiment," said Jerry Avorn, MD, professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School and chief of the division of pharmacoepidemiology and pharmacoeconomics at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, who was not involved with the work. "This is a very interesting application of informatics employed on a large scale to identify new drug-drug interactions, which are generally not well spotted in clinical trials," he added. The approach has the potential to help expose numerous other unexpected adverse effects from different drug combinations. "Perhaps best of all, it doesn't require a super computer to do this type of research. Any modern laptop can run these algorithms in minutes," said Tatonetti.


Improving condition monitoring and diagnostics, as well as overall system optimization, are some of today's core challenges in the use of mechanical facilities and technical systems. This topic is taking on an ever-greater role not only in the industrial sector, but wherever machines are used. Machines used to be serviced according to a plan, and late maintenance would mean a risk of production downtime. Today, process data from the machines is used for predicting the remaining service life. Especially critical parameters such as temperature, noise, and vibration are recorded to help determine the optimal operating state or even necessary maintenance times. This allows unnecessary wear to be avoided and possible faults and their causes to be detected early on. With the help of this monitoring, considerable optimization potential in terms of facility availability and effectiveness arises, bringing with it decisive advantages. For example, with it, ABB could verifiably reduce downtimes by up to 70%, extend motor service life by up to 30%, and decrease the energy consumption of its facilities by up to 10% within a year.


With the objective to corroborate chromosome number, karyotypic
formulae, pollen type and to do a deeper study of meiosis of Hibiscus
sabdariffa L., root tips treated with colchicine (0.05%) and anthers
from floral buds were used. They were collected from two localities of
Maturin Municipality, Monagas State, Venezuela. A diploid chromosome
number (2n = 72) was found, with 32 metacentric pairs and four
submetacentric ones; 34 and 35 chromosome pairs showed secondary
constrictions. Furthermore, normal cells between 96.3 to 100.0% and
meiotic index between 96.9 to 97.2% were observed in meiosis.


Stochastic processes with values in a separable Frechet space whose a itinuous linear functional are real-valued square integrable martingales are investigated. The coordinate measures on the Frechet space are obtained from cylinder set measures on a Hilbert space that is dense in the Frechet space. Real-valued stochastic integrals are defined from the Frechet-valued martingales using integrands from the topological dual of the aforementioned Hilbert space. An increasing process with values in the self adjoint operators on the Hilbert space plays a fundamental role in the definition of stochastic integrals. For Banach-valued Brownian motion the change of variables formula of K. Ito is generalized. A converse to the construction of the measures on the Frechet space from cylinder set measures on a Hilbert space is also obtained.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate systematically the application of functional ingredients among healthy food products during 1996 to 2007, which existed from the 10 years periods by government approved, to assess the character or condition of ingredients, and analyze the reasons of it's centralization and contribution.

METHODS
Data of functional/bioactive ingredients in functional/healthy food approved by government during 1996 to 2007 were recorded, and selected qualified products to built nutritional and functional ingredients database. Then, The profile map and contribution of each classified of the data was analyzed by statistics method and computer software.

RESULTS
Total 9021 products were approved by gov. during 1996 to 2007, according the condition of samples, qualified 8645 products was as studied samples. The research had showed that Chinese herbs was the main port in ingredients, total 223-378 herbs were used. Nutritional and functional ingredients were second main ingredients, it was high numbers (280 more) among 8645 products. Flavonoids, Saponins and Polysaccharide are applied most widely, which is often to apply as the representing or symbolic substance when the product used a herb material as ingredient.

CONCLUSION
Functional ingredients have a variegated appearance along with existent 27 function claims within regulation system. A representing substance was used as a feature that was a universality labeled to declare the characteristics or qualities of herb products. This should be individually reviewed in further and increase the technique on herb and claim.


Vicharchika (Eczema) is a type of kshudrakustha characterized with symptoms, namely, kandu, Srava, Pidaka and Shyavata and Pidikotpatti. Vicharchika is often correlated to eczema based on the clinical presentations. No satisfactory treatment is available in contemporary medical practice. In Ayurveda variousformulations are mentioned for treatment of Vicharchika. In the present study a clinical trial was done using Ark Malahara in 15 patients of either sex in between the age of 20 to 70 years. Highly significant result is obtained in Kandu, while significant result was obtained in Daha, Srava, Pidika, Rukshta, Vaivarnya.


Recent years have seen growing interest in energy storage light rail where multi-module charging system is used to realize high power fast charging. In existing methods, each module supplies the same current to charge onboard super-capacitors. However, this current sharing method will increase maintenance frequency of the charging system and accelerate the modules aging speed, because it does not consider the different degradation degree among modules. In this paper, a lifetime-aware current control strategy is proposed for addressing the above issues. First, a data-driven remaining useful life (RUL) estimation algorithm based on a linear approximation model is proposed. Second, the currents supplied by all modules are allocated by a proportional current control strategy based on the RUL estimation algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed method has the advantages of narrowing the degradation differences among modules and reducing the heat dissipation, compared to the current sharing mode.


(R)-3-Hydroxybutyric acid (from the biopolymer PHB) and pivalaldehyde give the crystalline cis - or (R,R)-2-(tert-butyl)-6-methyl-1,3-dioxan-4-one (1a), the enolate of which is stable at low temperature in THF solution and can be alkylated diastereoselectively (3, 4, 5, and 7). Phenylselenation and subsequent elimination give an enantiomerically pure enol acetal 10 of aceto-acetic acid. Some reactions of 10 have been carried out, such as Michael addition (11), alkylation on the CH3 substituent (13), hydrogenation of the CC bond (1a) and photochemical cycloaddition (16). The overall reactions are substitutions on the one stereogenic center of the starting β-hydroxy acid without racemization and without using a chiral auxiliary.


Phosphorus uptake by maize from 18 soils in a pot trial, was correlated with P extracted by chemical solutions. The coefficients of determination were 0.740 for 0.05N H2SO4 0.752 for 0.5N NaHCO3 at pH 8.5, 0.772 for 0.03N NH1F in 0.025N HCl and 0.773 for extraction with anion exchange resin. It was concluded that for the conditions of this work the different methods for P were equally efficient.


The syntheses, electronic structures as determined by calculations employing density functional theory, and the physic-chemical properties of oligothiophenes attached to MM quadruply bonded centers (MM = Mo2, MoW and W2) by carboxylate tethers are described. These materials absorb light across the spectral range 300–1000 nm due to intense 1LLCT and 1MLCT transitions. The MMō orbital is strongly coupled to the p-system of the oligothiophenes and the photoexcited states have relatively long lived singlet and triplet state which are on the order 10 ps and 50 µs, respectively. Electrochemical and Photophysical studies are reported.


The scientific endeavor of biology is becoming increasingly reliant on data in electronic form, and it is therefore necessary for biologists to manage and understand large quantities of data. Publicly available data including biological sequences, biological structures, and literature in the life sciences have grown to such an extent that computing is essential simply to store and access it. Here we describe a clustering approach by exploiting the relational structure of biological data to help with the next step: to enhance understanding of the data by combining techniques from information retrieval with those from bioinformatics. By computing over a network of sequence-structure-literature relationships it is possible to infer clusters of related articles, sequences and structures. This paper describes the general framework and its application to several biological domains.


Orbital sarcoid has a diverse clinical presentation varying from lacrimal gland infiltration, soft tissue orbital mass and intra- and extraorbital optic nerve involvement, to extraocular muscle involvement. Whether orbital disease precedes other systemic manifestations or not, systemic treatment is considered necessary. Even though systemically administered corticosteroids have been the mainstay for a long time, methotrexate proves to be an effective and well-tolerated steroid-sparing drug, especially for refractive disease. Furthermore, modern drugs have emerged with promising results; and ongoing studies are expected to evaluate and compare them.


Objective To synthesize two impurities of lapatinib. Methods One special impurity N-[3-chloro-4-[(3-fluorobenzyl)oxy]phenyl]-6-[5-(formyl)furan-2-yl] quinazolin-4-amine was synthesized from N-[3-chloro-4-[(3-fluorobenzyl)oxy] phenyl]-6-iodoquinazolin-4-amine through Suzuki cross-coupling reaction, then was treated with NaBH(OAc)3; the starting material after Suzuki cross-coupling reaction was treated with 2-(methylsulfony)ethylamine, then NaBH(OAc)3 was added to give crude product of the other impurity, bis[[5-[4-[[3-chloro-4-[(3-fluorobenzyl)oxy] phenyl]amino]quinazolin-6-yl]furan-2-yl]methyl][2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]amine, and the impurity was separated by preparative liquid chromatography. Results The structure of two impurities of lapatinib were verified by MS and 1H NMR. Conclusion The two specified impurities can be used as the reference substances of the related substances in the quality control of Laptinib. The reaction conditions were mild and the raw materials were cheap.


We describe a feedback-based dynamic cantilever magnetometry technique capable of achieving thermal limited magnetic moment sensitivity with low applied fields. Using this technique, we have observed periodic entry of vortices into mesoscopic Sr2RuO4 rings. The quantized jump in the magnetic moment of the particle produced by individual vortices was measured with a resolution of 7×10−16 emu with an applied field of 1 Oe.


Failure‐resilient wireless networks have attracted the interest of the research community and have been an open area of concern in the studies of wireless network in recent years. Accordingly, different research on restoration techniques have been carried out to proffer solution to the network component failures. In the same vein, this article proposes a hybridized enhanced genetic algorithm and ant colony system (EGAACS) survivability model, which can instantly resolve node–link failure problems, thus improving the quality of service of the wireless network. The EGAACS is a hybrid model that combines the principles of the enhanced genetic algorithm (EGA) and ant colony system (ACS) models to form a capacity efficiency solution that outperforms the ACS and EGA models in terms of path cost and transmission delay. The resilience of this proposed EGAACS model is verified for different wireless network sizes (20, 30, 40, and 50 node networks). Simulation results show that the proposed EGAACS model generates the best close to optimal paths in terms of the path cost and transmission delay in comparison to the EGA and ACS models. In fact, the performance of the proposed EGAACS model is more conspicuous as the size of the network increases. More importantly, the proposed EGAACS model is suitable for real‐time wireless network as it exhibits moderate computational time complexity.


Background— Reperfusion therapy for myocardial infarction is hampered by detrimental inflammatory responses partly via Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation. Targeting TLR signaling may optimize reperfusion therapy and enhance cell survival and heart function after myocardial infarction. Here, we evaluated the role of TLR2 as a therapeutic target using a novel monoclonal anti-TLR2 antibody. Method and Results— Mice underwent 30 minutes of ischemia followed by reperfusion. Compounds were administered 5 minutes before reperfusion. Cardiac function and dimensions were assessed at baseline and 28 days after infarction with 9.4-T mouse magnetic resonance imaging. Saline and IgG isotype treatment resulted in 34.5±3.3% and 31.4±2.7% infarction, respectively. Bone marrow transplantation experiments between wild-type and TLR2-null mice revealed that final infarct size is determined by circulating TLR2 expression. A single intravenous bolus injection of anti-TLR2 antibody reduced infarct size to 18.9±2.2% (P=0.001). Compared with saline-treated mice, anti-TLR2–treated mice exhibited less expansive remodeling (end-diastolic volume 68.2±2.5 versus 76.8±3.5 &mgr;L; P=0.046) and preserved systolic performance (ejection fraction 51.0±2.1% versus 39.9±2.2%, P=0.009; systolic wall thickening 3.3±6.0% versus 22.0±4.4%, P=0.038). Anti-TLR2 treatment significantly reduced neutrophil, macrophage, and T-lymphocyte infiltration. Furthermore, tumor necrosis factor-&agr;, interleukin-1&agr;, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and interleukin-10 were significantly reduced, as were phosphorylated c-jun N-terminal kinase, phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and caspase 3/7 activity levels. Conclusions— Circulating TLR2 expression mediates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Antagonizing TLR2 just 5 minutes before reperfusion reduces infarct size and preserves cardiac function and geometry. Anti-TLR2 therapy exerts its action by reducing leukocyte influx, cytokine production, and proapoptotic signaling. Hence, monoclonal anti-TLR2 antibody is a potential candidate as an adjunctive for reperfusion therapy in patients with myocardial infarction.


The broad topic of health literacy has been assessed in a variety of studies. The most extensive research has been completed on how a lack of health literacy contributes to specific disease progressions. However, there is a deficit of research on how general health literacy contributes to overall individual health in high school students. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the health literacy scores of Northwest Arkansas high school students and examine the impact that age, gender, and ethnicity have on their health literacy. Health literacy was assessed using the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ). A cross-sectional research design was utilized at a high school in Northwest Arkansas. A total of 100 high school students completed the HLQ. The results indicated no significant correlation between students' age, gender, or ethnicity and their health literacy. The total student population scored lowest on scale 5 of the HLQ, meaning they find it difficult to understand most health information, especially when they receive conflicting messages. Determining the health literacy deficits and identifying social determinants that affect health literacy could help high schools alter their health curriculum to meet student needs. Background and Significance Health literacy, known as the ability to access, understand, appraise, and apply healthrelated knowledge, is a major factor for health promotion and disease prevention (Sorensen, Van den Brouke, Fullam, Doyle, & Brand, 2012). Conversely, low health literacy has been linked to increased hospitalizations, healthcare costs, and mortality. In order to improve the health literacy in Arkansas, it's imperative to first understand what HEALTH LITERACY OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS 2 areas of health literacy are lacking. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to evaluate the health literacy of high school students, while the secondary objective was to detect any correlating disparities. By assessing these aspects of health literacy, we can better understand where our current education is lacking in health promotion and disease prevention. To conduct this research, a sample size of 100 high school health students completed the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ). The questionnaire covers all aspects of health literacy and normally takes 30 minutes or less to finish. Nurses and teachers alike will be able to use the results of the study to focus education on student needs. With resulting improved health literacy, students will graduate with improved confidence in their furtherance of well-being.


This publication concerns four exhibitions sharing the theme of "the spirit of the times," presented over a two-year period at Optica and involving ten artists from eastern Canada. Working within the context of the end of the millenium, curator Dion's text elucidates the idea of "fin de siecle," outlining the origins and influences surrounding the project and commenting on the aesthetic components of each exhibition organized around themes of the self, language and order, technology, and the relationship to community. Includes S. McKay's apocalyptic fictional text and transcripts from correspondence between Dion and L. Jacob (from 1999-2000) concerning the 4th exhibition. Curator's essay in French and English; other texts in English only. List of works. Brief biographical notes. 10 bibl. ref.


[%metadata%] Australian Foreign Minister places the law of the Catholic church above the laws of Australia News and views of Molested and Abused Catholics on the Royal Commission into child sexual abuse


This paper examines the position of audiovisual archives in Switzerland and their integration within research and academic teaching. Firstly, it analyzes the notion of audiovisual heritage, its context of emergence, and the evolution of its meaning. Some brief historical context underlines the novelty of the concept (1980) and relates early legislative steps first concerning the film industry and later radio and television archives. For the latter, we distinguish between the programming, the institutional, and the political level. In a second step, we focus on the issue of the integration of audiovisual materials in teaching and research, addressing in particular two recent approaches: first, a major historical project concerning the history of the Swiss Broadcasting Corporation (SSR), then the development of a research and teaching unit on contemporary audiovisual history at the University of Lausanne.


Oman's steady programme of development and technical modernization since 1970 has not been achieved at the expense of the country's rich and diverse traditional heritage. The Ministries of National Heritage and Culture, Information, Social Affairs and Labour have undertaken such varied projects as excavation of archaeological sites, preservation of historical monuments, establishment of museums and the encouragement of traditional arts and handicrafts. The most recent activity in this cultural programme has concentrated on Oman's music under the auspices of the Ministry of Information. The work began in August 1983, when Professor Youssef Shawki Moustafa and Omani colleagues embarked on a series of fieldwork trips throughout Oman, documenting music and associated dance by means of sound-recording, video-film, and interviews with participants. Their results have been installed in the Oman Centre for


Upapluta Yoni Vyapad has mentioned in many Samhita. The genital organs are afflicted by Kapha & Vata, the ailment of the woman is called Upapluta which clinical features are simulated description of Monilial Vulvovaginitis specially caused by Candida albicans. Sixty (60) patients were divided into two groups i.e., Trial group and Control group with clinical features of curdy thick white vaginal discharge, vulval pruritis, vulval itching, vulval oedema. Trial group was treated with Yoni Pichu (Vaginal Tampon) by a Dhatakyadi Oil. Control group was treated with Clotrimazole vaginal gel. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Dhatakyadi Oil on Upapluta Yoni Vyapad with special reference to candida albicans. This study was a prospective, comparative and observative. This study observe significant reduction in mean scores of clinical feature and overall compliance to the treatment was excellent in the both group and p value of < 0.001 was considered highly significant.


We introduce a novel mechanism for knowledge transfer via concept formation to augment reinforcement learning agents operating in complex, uncertain domains. Based on their ob- servations, agents form concepts and associate them with actions to generalize their decisions at higher levels of ab- straction. Concepts serve as simple, portable, efficient pack-ets of hierarchical information that can be learned in parallel. The use of conceptual knowledge simultaneously provides an interpretable, semantic explanation of an agent's decisions, making the techniques promising for human-interaction domains such as games, where human observers wish to in- spect an agent's rationale. This technique extends previous work on probabilistic learning with Markov decision pro- cesses (MDPs) by introducing rich hierarchical feature structures that can be learned from experience, enabling more ef- fective learning transfer to new, related tasks. aspects of state space. We demonstrate preliminary results in two simulated environments, and sketch a plan for its use in a more complex domain.


Large quantities of oyster mushroom ( Pleurotus sajor caju. )spent medium (MSM) were disposed of as agricultural waste to the environment and thereby constituting environmental pollution. Therefore the study was conducted to examine the feasibility of using MSM as glucose source in comparison to RSD and GM under different NaOH pretreatment techniques and at the same enzymatic saccharification condition. The composition analysis proved that decreases in lignocellulosic contents occurred after cultivation of The amount of lignin, hemicelluloses, and cellulose in MSM showed lower values than those in RSD and GM which were 22.40, 27.93, and 27.97% respectively. The surface morphology of MSM appeared to be rough and broken and traces of hyphen on the fibre surface were observed as a result from the mushroom cultivation process. RSD and FM had an even and smooth flat surface, indicating a rigid and highly ordered surface structure. The highest glucose yield were obtained from MSM under all three NaOH pretreatment techniques (autoclaving at 121°C, heating in water bath, soaking at room temperature), that were 31.07, 30.13, and 21.97, g/ dry substrate respectively. The amount of glucose obtained from RSD and GM under the same treatments were comparable.


Schottky barrier diodes are fabricated on silicon surfaces whose impurity concentrations are controlled by ion implantation of phosphorus. The barriers are produced from Pd2Si or Al–Si. The forward voltages of Schottky barrier diodes made from Pd2Si show a much greater lowering than those made from Al–Si for implanted doses of 5×1013 cm−2 and higher. Spreading resistance measurements show that the implanted phosphorus atoms are piled up at the Pd2Si–Si interface during Pd2Si formation. This causes reduction in the effective barrier height.


Purpose: alpha-Ketoglutarate (αKG), a Krebs cycle intermediate, is extensively used in the kidney as a fuel substrate and as a counter anion for organic acid secretion. It is known to be taken up by the proximal tubule cells via the brush-border as well as basolateral membranes. We explored biochemical characteristics of the brush-border and basolateral αKG transport systems in pars convoluta and pars recta of the proximal tubule, respectively. Methods: Brush-border and basolateral membrane vesicles (BBMV and BLMV) were isolated from rabbit renal outer cortex and outer medulla by Percoll gradient centrifugation. Vesicular uptake of αKG was determined by rapid Millipore filtration method using α-14[C]KG as a substrate. Results: Both BBMV and BLMV showed a Na-gradient dependent uphill transport of αKG. The systems in both membranes were similarly inhibited by Li and activated by Na (Hill coefficient of 1.4). Kinetic analyses indicated that the Na-αKG cotransporters in the BBMV had a lower substrate affinity as compared with those in the BLMV. The transport systems in BLMVs showed a similar Km but different Vmax between the outer cortex (Km: 34 uM, Vmax: 3.3 nmol/mg protein/10s) and outer medulla (Km: 37, Vmax: 1.8). On the other hand, the systems in BBMVs were different in both Km and Vmax between the outer cortex (Km: 194, Vmax: 3.3) and outer medulla (Km: 89, Vmax: 1.7). Conclusion: The findings suggest that both axial and apical to basolateral heterogeneity of the Na-αKG cotransport system in proximal tubules may be due to a physiological adaptation to efficiently utilize αKG in the kidney. Key Words : Symporters, Ketoglutaric acids, Kidney tubules


A commonly held belief in sports is the need for team members to be able to work well together in order for that team to be successful. Despite this assumption, research in the field of sport psychology has yet to formally or sufficiently conceptualize what is meant by teamwork. In this theoretical and integrative review, we draw from the extant organizational psychology and team development literature to present a multidimensional conceptual framework of teamwork in sport. We provide a working definition of teamwork in sport and discuss how teamwork sits within a broader model of team effectiveness. We conclude by providing an overview of salient research avenues on teamwork and team effectiveness in sport, which have potential implications for guiding interventions with sports teams.


T HE Supreme Court has consistently held that, when the speci fi c grounds for substitution that the parties have stated in a contract have disappeared, this justi fi es the termination of the contract, even in cases where the employee who is replaced maintains the right to return to their post. In the decision with which we are concerned here, the Employment Division of the Supreme Court had the opportunity to construe the terms of a stand-in contract in which the parties had used an ambiguous formula to de fi ne the grounds for substitution. All it stated was that the purpose of the contract was to «re-place employees with the right to reserved employment posts», without going into any more detail. The Court's Ruling of 10th May 2011 stresses the negotiating role of the parties, enabling them to identify the grounds for substitution with greater or lesser precision and thus agree on the grounds for termination.


This paper provides an analysis of metaphoric utterances from a Relevance Theo- retic point of view. We propose that only a theory which includes the concept of contextual e=ects is able to explain, in an exhaustive way, how publicity manages to capture the targeted customer's attention to make them buy the promoted product.


The invention relates to an abrasion-resistant heat shock resistant impeller type fluid mechanical blade. The surface of the blade is sprayed with ceramic or metal ceramic, metal nets are clamped in spraying layers, a layer of a metal net is welded on the surface of the blade, metal meshes are sprayed with ceramic or metal ceramic, and finally metal nets which protrude out of the spraying layers are polished smooth. The process blade has good abrasion-resistant performance and strong heat shock resistant performance. The blade processing method is also suitable for surface protection processing of other flow passage components of fluid machines.


So far one of the 21st century biggest global events that brought about unforeseen changes in education was the pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-19 virus. Measures to reduce the spread of the virus have made it necessary to replace traditional face-to-face education with alternative options, such as distance learning or remote learning. Blended learning, which combines face-to-face and online learning and is seen as a solution for future education, has also become relevant during the pandemic, providing an opportunity to promote the integration of digital technologies into learning process and to support equal access to education for all. The article deals with a case study to explore the principles of the implementation of blended learning and pilot them in a higher education institution. Based on the theory review, it has been concluded that blended learning is defined as a method and an approach, as well as a curriculum that combines face-to-face learning with online learning. The data have been collected by the content analysis of documents, questionnaires for students and lecturers and an interview with the director of a higher education institution. The obtained data allow to develop the recommendations for the management of higher education institution, lecturers and students for the implementation of blended learning in the study process.


Chicks raised in small or large cages were exposed to a relatively large novel situation at 12 or 24 hr of age. At both ages, chicks from small cages had longer latencies to begin moving and lower activity scores. Age itself had no effect. Apparently, chicks learn the characteristics of their home cage shortly after hatching, and discrepancy from the home affects their response to novel situations.


A new method for the determination of trace phenol has been developed. The method is based on the inhibitory effect of phenol on the oxidation reaction of bromocresol green by potassium bromate in H_2SO_4 medium. The optimum condition of the mentioned reaction is investigated in detailed in the paper. The linear range is 0. 1 -50.0μg/ 10ml with the detection limit of 0.01415μg/ml. The detection method is simple and sensitive, and when applied to the detection of waste water the result is also satisfying.


This current study aims at exploring the causal relationships among emotional intelligence, job stress and job satisfaction of municipal junior-high school teachers. Based upon the prior literature, a large-scale survey was developed and conducted in this study. A total of 252 questionnaires was issued with 231 valid questionnaires received from the teachers who work for municipal junior-high schools in Pingtung county. The collected empirical data were then analyzed by a component-based structural equation modeling technique, partial least squares regression analysis, to test the proposed hypotheses and validate the nomological validity of the research model in this study. The research findings signify that the significant influencing levels were found among the causal relationships of emotional intelligence, job stress and job satisfaction of the municipal junior-high school teachers in Pingtung county. The empirical results authenticated the proposed research framework of this study. Specifically, a negative influence for job stress on job satisfaction, a positive associated relationship from emotional intelligence to job satisfaction and a negative association from job stress to emotional intelligence were firmly confirmed by the PLS analytical results. The implications and recommendations of this study are expected to serve as instrumental guidelines to help educational administrative institutes, teacher education centers and junior-high school staffs understand the pros and cons among emotional management, job stress, and job satisfaction as perceived by modern junior-high teachers.


Economists have recently proposed a theory of identity economics in which behavior is understood to be shaped by motivations associated with identities that people share with others. At the same time psychologists have proposed a theory of identity leadership in which leaders' influence flows from their creation and promotion of shared identity with followers. Exploring links between these approaches, we examine the impact of very high leader pay on followers' identification with leaders and perceptions of their leadership. Whereas traditional approaches suggest that high pay incentivizes leadership, identity-based approaches argue that it can undermine shared identity between leaders and followers and therefore be counterproductive. Supporting this identity approach, two studies provide experimental and field evidence that people identify less strongly with a CEO who receives high pay relative to other CEOs and that this reduces that leader's perceived identity leadership and charisma. The implications for leadership, economics, and organizations are discussed. (148 words; 150 words max)


Through the application of sociological approach to the analysis of regional architectural culture,social structure and the relationship between architectural form,social and cultural relations with the construction generation,social changes and the architecture of the relationship between development update,summing up the development of the regional architecture,in order to grasp the law of regional buildings' development.


There are twelve jokes in Jin Ping Mei.These jokes are not only good to create figure typical characters but also make the novel appeal to both the more and the less cultured.It is the traditional model of Chinese novels to insert poem, song and essay but seldom insert jokes.But in Jin Ping Mei,these are a lot of jokes.It is phenomena of being worthy of reading.


Cracks are a potential threat to the safety and endurance of civil infrastructures, and therefore, careful and regular structural crack inspection is needed during their long-term service periods. ...


Conventional modulation classification (MC) schemes usually assume that perfect synchronization has been accomplished and then rely on certain statistical characteristics to distinguish different modulation formats. In practice, however, this perfect synchronization assumption is not reasonable since modulation classifiers operate in a non-cooperative manner and therefore, the receiver has little prior knowledge about the transmitted signals and no training is available. In this paper, we first address asynchronous MC for high-order QAMs through blind time synchronization. A characteristic function (CF) based approach is proposed to improve the performance of the conventional cumulant method. We then move on to consider asynchronous MC with frequency offset. We propose a hybrid MC scheme based on blind time synchronization, differential processing, and cumulants to solve this difficult problem.


Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and deadly malignant brain cancer of glial cell origin, with a median patient survival of less than 20 months. Transcription factors FOXG1 and TLE1 promote GBM propagation by supporting maintenance of brain tumour‐initiating cells (BTICs) with stem‐like properties. Here, we characterize FOXG1 and TLE1 target genes in GBM patient‐derived BTICs using ChIP‐Seq and RNA‐Seq approaches. These studies identify 150 direct FOXG1 targets, several of which are also TLE1 targets, involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, chemotaxis and angiogenesis. Negative regulators of NOTCH signalling, including CHAC1, are among the transcriptional repression targets of FOXG1:TLE1 complexes, suggesting a crosstalk between FOXG1:TLE1 and NOTCH‐mediated pathways in GBM. These results provide previously unavailable insight into the transcriptional programs underlying the tumour‐promoting functions of FOXG1:TLE1 in GBM.


The incentives for earnings management include capital market motivation, contracting motivation and political cost motivation. A number of researches have been made to examine the magnitude and frequency of earnings management. But they are still very superficial need furthur exploring.


The bacteria Streptococcus thermophilus belongs to the group of lactic acid bacteria, where the research aims to identify the role of Biosurfactant produced from the bacteria Streptococcus thermophiles for its importance in limiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and its effect on some of the physiological parameters of the white rats male ، Streptococcus thermophilus were isolated from local white cheese, and then 120 clinical samples (Wounds, Burns, Blood) were collected. Biosurfactant was extracted from Streptococcus thermophilus and its inhibitory activity was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus. As well as, its resistance to some antibiotic effects was studied and the effect of Biosurfactant on some physiological parameters in white rats male. ،22 infected samples were obtained, distributed between (11,8, and 3) for each of the (Wound, Burn, and Blood) samples, respectively. The results also showed resistance of bacteria S. aureus to some of the antibiotics used in the study, the results of the statistical analysis to evaluate the inhibitory activity of the Biosurfactant towards S. aureus showed a significant increase at a significant level (P


Domestic or resident household water supply is very important for carrying out various activities. In Malaysia, domestic water supply is commonly drawn from the treatment plant managed by the public operators or state water companies. At each resident household, water meter is installed and applied by the public operators to monitor the usage and for billing purposes while homeowner takes over the responsibility of water usage after the meter. Residents had frequently reported about high water bill caused by unnoticed underground or inwall pipe leakage. Most of the pipework are hidden in walls or underground and homeowners may not always know that a leak has formed until they realize the rises water bill. Therefore, this project is to develop a domestic water piping leakage monitoring and detection system. The IoT based system is designed using an ESP32 microcontroller with Blynk application as all measured data are stored in Google sheets. YF-S201 water flow sensor is used to measure the water flow and water volume while a solenoid valve is used to control the water flow and water pressure. The system was installed at a two-story bungalow house and a few experiments were conducted. As a result, the system was able to identify leakage and an alert notification had been successfully sent to the owner via the Blynk notification.


States, he immediately thinks of such nationally known collec tions as those of the John Carter Brown Library at Brown Uni versity, the Clements Library at the University of Michigan, the Burton Library at Detroit, the Bancroft Library at the Uni versity of California, the Wisconsin State Historical Society Li brary, the Library of Congress, and the New York Public Li brary. He is apt to overlook or disregard the often unusual ma terial in regional or local collections, and particularly so in such collections embracing Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, and Ken tucky—states which, for the purposes of this paper, are called "southeastern." This is easily understandable partly because of their unavailability, and, more particularly, because of the lack


The graphs in which every minimal vertex separator induces a complete or an edgeless subgraph are shown to be the edge sums of graphs of the two extreme types: (i) when every minimal vertex separator induces a complete subgraph — these are precisely the well-studied chordal graphs — and (ii) when every minimal vertex separator induces an edgeless subgraph — these have appeared in several recent papers.


Introduction: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is one of the most common malignant neoplasms in elderly patients, potentially curable when optimum treatment is administered. The combination of rituximab with CHOP chemotherapy (R-CHOP) is considered standard for these patients, but randomized studies published to date are limited to the range of age from 60 to 80 years, so that in patients over this age treatment election is not so clear, usually opting for palliative treatment or a "full" treatment at a reduced dose. This retrospective study is primarily aimed to analyze the influence of the type of treatment and comorbidity scales in overall survival (OS) of a large series of patients >80 years with aggressive B-cell lymphoma. Methods: Eligible patients were aged ≥ 80 years, diagnosed of DLBCL, follicular lymphoma grade 3B or transformed lymphoma. The main patient characteristics were obtained retrospectively from the medical records, including a complete geriatric assessment (CGA, "comprehensive geriatric assessment") and the Charlson comorbidity index. The Ethics Committee of the University Hospital of Salamanca approved the study. Results: 288 patients from 19 GELTAMO hospitals were registered in the study, of which 234 (60% women) were evaluable and have been included in this preliminary analysis. The median age was 84 years (80-94) and the vast majority (94%) were DLBCL. According to the Charlson index, 65% of patients were low-intermediate risk, and according to CGA, 63% of patients were considered "fit". A higher proportion (60% v 44%, p = 0.03) of patients with low or intermediate comorbidity index were treated with a curative intent (CHOP +/- rituximab), as compared with patients with high or very high index. With a median follow up of 41 (range 9-142) months, the median OS was 11.5 months (33% estimated at 3 years). The median OS for patients treated with R-CHOP-like (N=96) was 35.3 months, significantly better (p Conclusions: In patients over 80 years with DLBCL, treatment with R-CHOP-like was associated with the best results in terms of OS. Therefore, its administration must be considered whenever possible. Disclosures Sancho:CELLTRION, Inc.: Research Funding.


connective tissue bands at the gross level, 6) the highly organized internal partitions including the incomplete longitudinal septum in the sinus venosus, the complete interatrial septum, the incomplete interventricular septum, the spiral valve in the conus arteriosus and the bulbular valves in the truncus arteriosus, 7) the histological organization of the walls of each chamber with emphasis on the variation of the myocardium within and among the chambers, 8) the number, shape and organization of the internal valvular structures, 9) the location of internal connective tissue here described for the


In order to find the attitude of a spacecraft with respect to a reference coordinate system, vector measurements are taken. The vectors are pairs of measurements of the same generalized vector, taken in the spacecraft body coordinates, as well as in the reference coordinate system. We are interested in finding the best estimate of the transformation between these coordinate system.s The algorithm called QUEST yields that estimate where attitude is expressed by a quarternion. Quest is an efficient algorithm which provides a least squares fit of the quaternion of rotation to the vector measurements. Quest however, is a single time point (single frame) batch algorithm, thus measurements that were taken at previous time points are discarded. The algorithm presented in this work provides a recursive routine which considers all past measurements. The algorithm is based on on the fact that the, so called, K matrix, one of whose eigenvectors is the sought quaternion, is linerly related to the measured pairs, and on the ability to propagate K. The extraction of the appropriate eigenvector is done according to the classical QUEST algorithm. This stage, however, can be eliminated, and the computation simplified, if a standard eigenvalue-eigenvector solver algorithm is used. The development of the recursive algorithm is presented and illustrated via a numerical example.


Objectives: Despite its seeming relevance, limited information exists about antibiotic sinus tissue penetration and how it is affected by inflammation. Thus the reason for the present investigation.


In order to recognize the damage types of aeroengine automatically and Reliably, enhance the support capability of aeroengine maintenance, the feature extraction method based on color moments and gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) is proposed to construct the feature database of the aeroengine damage images. The support vector machine (SVM) is utilized as intelligent classifier for damages recognition. Meanwhile, a double-mutations particles swarm optimization (DMPSO) algorithm is designed to optimize the kernel parameter and penalty factor for guaranteeing the recognition performance of SVM. Finally, the feature databases are constructed by different feature methods according to actual four damage types of a certain aeroengine, and then the proposed SVM optimized by DMPSO is used to compare with back propagation (BP) network, extreme learning machine (ELM) network, and k-nearest neighborhood (k-NN). The recognition results have proven the proposed feature extraction method is more suitable for aeroengine damage recognition. Meanwhile, the comparison results have demonstrated the optimized SVM always has better and stable recognition output.


The present invention relates to a delivery unit in particular for a folding machine in a flat transporting material, comprising a first and a second endless belt and a roller. It is conveyed between the conveyor sections extending portion of the first endless belt on the one hand and on the other hand the outer roller and the second endless belt. Driving means for driving the second endless belt is independent of the rotational speed of a roll adjustable.


This paper presents a proposal that aims at equipping a ubiquitous computing environment with tools that enables a user to reach a set of competences. The approach makes use of learning objects suited to the users learning style, which can be automatically determined by the system. In order to achieve a set of competences, a sequence of learning objects should be presented to the user. In this article we show that a sequence of learning objects can be obtained by means of evolutionary strategies and search algorithms. Experiments carried out indicate that better results can be obtained with evolutionary algorithms.


This paper describes the design of a novel, combined R-θ scanning laser microscope and optical disk tester, which is to be used for the testing and evaluation of optical recording media. The instrument is capable of perfoming a range of standard read/write tests, whilst simultaneously yielding a microscopic image of the recorded bit structure with sub-micron resolution. A range of optical media can be investigated including magneto-optic, phase-change and write-once formats such as dye-polymer media.


Embryonic stem (ES) cells have the capacity to produce all cell types of the body. Understanding murine ES (mES) cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, and self renewal will enhance knowledge of developmental biology and essential use of ES cells. Recently, Toll Like Receptor (TLR) activation has been shown by others to play a role in influencing the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. Previous studies have also shown that TLR activation prevents mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteocytes and plays a role in bone repair. We hypothesized that certain TLR's would be expressed on mES cells and that the ligands for these expressed TLR's would induce functional activity in the mESC's. Therefore, we wanted to determine if TLRs are expressed on mES cells and if so, are they functional. Three different mES cell lines (R1, CGR8, and E14) were used to determine if TLRs are expressed at the mRNA level using primers for murine TLR1-9 mRNA. We found that TLR's 1, 2, 3, 6, and 9 were expressed at the mRNA level, but TLR's 4, 5, 7, and 8 were not. Based on the availability of antibodies to TLR's, and using flow cytometry, we found expression of TLR2 but not TLR 4 on the surface of all three mES cell lines. TLR ligands were used to treat mES cells in the presence of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) for an hour. Activation of TLR2 by its ligand Pam3Cys, a synthetic tri-acyl lipoprotein, on mES cells induced NF-κβ nuclear translocation when compared to ES cells not stimulated with TLR ligands. LPS, the ligand for TLR4 did not induce NF-κβ nuclear translocation on ES cells, consistent with lack of cell surface expression of TLR4 on mES cells. TLR expression and TLR ligand interaction were not associated with changes in the morphology of the mES cells or expression of Oct-4, SSEA-1, KLF-4, or Sox-2, markers for maintenance of the undifferentiated state of mES cells. This suggests that the cells remain in an undifferentiated state even after TLR activation by Pam 3 Cys in the presence of LIF. Thus our study has identified functionally active TLR2 on the surface of mES cells, information that may be of use to further defining a role for TLR's on ES cells, and for manipulation of other ES cell functions.


Abstract This essay will endeavor to explore the identity and situation of the Coptic Christian community in Egypt, which constitutes the largest Christian community in the Middle East. I will start with a brief background of the community's history and introduction to modern Coptic life in the form of its liturgy, art, and music in order that those of us in the West might better grasp the richness and heritage in which Coptic Christianity grounds its worldview. The essay will proceed to explore the present situation in which Coptic Christians find themselves as a minority within the borders of a nation that officially designates itself Islamic. In the late 1960s and 1970s the Sunday School Movement brought about an age of reform in the Coptic Church that continues to this day. A large part of the reform has been to identify their origins as apostolic, monastic and marked by martyrdom and persecution. Under Pope Shenouda III, the Coptic Church has undergone some organizational changes that are clearly perceived as a threat to the Egyptian government under President Mubarak, despite groundbreaking progress towards ecumenism and cooperation between Muslims and Christians at large. This essay will explore the tension between Muslims and Christians in Egypt and the ways in which the minority status of the Copts is simultaneously defining and sustaining their tradition and self-image.


Stan van Zyll de Jong as curator at the National Museum of Natural Sciences (now Canadian Museum of Nature) about 1983

Constantinus (Stan) van Zyll de Jong was born in Bandung, Java, Netherlands East Indies (now Indonesia), 7 May 1934, of Dutch colonial parents. Stan's grandfather owned a tea plantation on Java, his father was an engineer for the Dutch government in the East Indies, and his mother, the daughter of a Dutch Reform Church minister, met and married Stan's father in the East Indies. During World War II, the family was interned by the Japanese.

After the war, the family returned to the Netherlands. Stan graduated from high school in the Netherlands in 1954, then briefly served with the Royal Dutch Marines. In 1956, Stan and his older brother left the Netherlands and immigrated to British Columbia, where Stan worked at a variety of labor jobs including a brief stint as a 'chokerman' in a logging crew on Vancouver Island. He attended the Ontario Agricultural College (now the University of Guelph), graduating in 1961 with a B.S.A. degree in Wildlife Management. Van Zyll de Jong obtained his M.S. degree from the University of Alberta in 1963. …


Abstract:  Small‐scale gold mining has caused widespread siltation of South American streams, but little information is available on the effects of an increased load of suspended and deposited sediment on diverse Neotropical fish communities. We used a paired watershed design to compare the instream habitat and fish community structure of an undisturbed rainforest stream and a stream affected by gold mining. In the period 1994–2001, the affected stream showed high turbidity (424–2874 nephelometric turbidity units), high concentration of suspended sediment (318–2468 mg/L), and elevated concentrations of potassium, aluminum, and iron. Mercury was detected in the low‐water season (0.67 μg/L). The main fractions of P, Al, and Fe were associated with suspended sediment and were not in solution. The sediment load of the polluted stream (3.10 ± 0.77 tonnes/year/ha) was mainly (95.6%) produced by the eroding goldfields. Sedimentation was evident from the accumulation of a 23‐cm‐thick layer of fine sediment (<100 μm) on the streambed. The deposited sediment covered most structural elements of the streambed and thereby reduced instream habitat diversity. The fish community of the stream affected by gold mining showed low species diversity, low proportion of young fishes, high proportion of midchannel surface‐feeding fishes and fishes adapted to low light, low proportion of visually orienting fishes and fishes that hide in leaf‐litter banks and woody debris, and low relative biomass of food fishes. These results suggest that erosion related to small‐scale gold mining reduces fish diversity and shifts community structure because of (1) increased turbidity resulting from an increased load of suspended sediment and (2) a reduction of instream habitat diversity related to sedimentation. Gold mining occurred over 7 years and is still occurring, but the sediment stored in the streambed is expected to pose a pollution problem long after the gold miners have left the area.


To the Editor: —I imagine your motto must be "worse and more of it." InThe Journalfor February 10, page 429, you have a comment, in which you first apologize for the article on "Management of Normal Labor," in the issue of January 27, and then say that the writer had in mind the country practitioner. Now, do you think that is a fair and just statement? Do you think that the country practitioner is so grossly ignorant of asepsis as to place a culture medium of petrolatum in the parturient canal during labor? Do you think that he is so far behind his city brother that he does not use gloves in all labor cases? Now, if you really meant what you said in your comment, I would ask you to carry your mind back to Danville, Ky., the home of Dr. Ephraim McDowell; he was a country


Studies in men have demonstrated that smoking-cessation rates are enhanced when interventions are enacted during hospitalization for myocardial infarction or other acute problems. To determine whether this intervention strategy would also result in higher smoking-cessation rates in women, investigators randomized 277 female smokers (age …


The paper is concerned with stabilization of a scalar delay differention equation $$ {\dot x}(t) - \sum_{k=1}^m A_k(t)x[h_k(t)] = 0,~t\geq 0,~ x(\xi)=\varphi (\xi), \xi <0, $$ by introducing impulses in certain moments of time $$ x(\tau_j) = B_j x(\tau_j -0), ~j=1,2, \dots ~. $$ Explicit stability results are presented both for the equation with positive coefficients and for the equation with $A_k$ being of arbitrary sign.


Predictions of the expected gamma-ray backgrounds in the ISGRI (CdTe) and PiCsIT (Csl) detectors on INTEGRAL due to cosmic-ray interactions and the diffuse gamma-ray background have been made using a coupled set of Monte Carlo radiation transport codes (HETC, FLUKA, EGS4, and MORSE) and a detailed, 3-D mass model of the spacecraft and detector assemblies. The simulations include both the prompt background component from induced hadronic and electromagnetic cascades and the delayed component due to emissions from induced radioactivity. Background spectra have been obtained with and without the use of active (BGO) shielding and charged particle rejection to evaluate the effectiveness of anticoincidence counting on background rejection.


Face anti-spoofing refers to the computer determining whether the face detected is a real face or a forged face. In user authentication scenarios, photo fraud attacks are easy to occur, where an illegal user logs into the system using a legitimate user's picture. Aiming at this problem and the influence of illumination in real-time video face recognition, this paper proposes a real-time face detection method based on blink detection. The method first extracts the image texture features through the LBP algorithm, which eliminates the problem of illumination changes to a certain extent. Then the extracted features are input into the ResNet network, and the facial feature extraction is enhanced by adding an attention mechanism is added to enhance the face feature extraction. Meanwhile, the BiLSTM method is used to extract the temporal characteristics of images from different angles or at different times to obtain more facial details. In addition, the fusion of local and global features is realized by SPP pooling, which enriches the expression ability of feature maps and improves detection accuracy. Finally, the eye EAR value is calculated by the face key point detection technology to achieve face anti-spoofing, and then the real-time face recognition against fraud is realized. The experimental results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper has good accuracy on NUAA, CASIA-SURF and CASIA-FASD datasets, which can reach 99.48%, 98.65% and 99.17%, respectively.


MODTRAN [1] is a widely used radiative-transfer (RT) code for computing the transmission and emission of the Earth's atmosphere. However, the RT algorithms used in MODTRAN are generally applicable to any layered atmosphere, and, in principle, can be applied to any planetary atmosphere. The primary modification required for this application is the development of the appropriate spectral properties data bases for the particular species associated with a given planetary atmosphere. We demonstrate the application of a modified MODTRAN to Neptune for which the primary absorbing atmospheric species are H2, CH4, C2H6, and C2H2. For the carboncontaining species, we have developed molecular band model parameters, and for H2 we have utilized continuum parameters computed by others. Additionally, we have incorporated models to account for the CH4 and C2H6 clouds and hazes which form in the extremely cold upper atmosphere of Neptune. We present calculations both for the solar reflective spectral region, ~0.4-2 μm, as well as the thermal IR emission region, ~3-20 μm. Comparisons are made with archival data over the visible-long wavelength IR wavelength regime.


The current work is carried out to investigate the effect of length of isothermal heater in a porous medium fixed between inner and outer radius of the vertical cylinder. The heater is placed at the bottom section of inner radius which maintains the isothermal temperature Th and outer radius is cooled to isothermal temperature T∞. The problem is modeled using Darcy law to characterize the flow behaviour inside the porous medium. It is assumed that the thermal non-equilibrium condition exists between the fluid and solid phase of the porous medium thus separate equations are incorporated for each phase of porous medium to account for the thermal non-equilibrium condition. The study is conducted for different lengths of heater corresponding to the 20%, 35% and 50% of the total height of the cylinder.


The aim of this research is to know the allelochemicals effect of  rice var. IR 64 residues extract on germination and growth soybean var. Grobogan seedling. This experiment  uses completely randomized factorial design (3x5). The fist factors is extract resources (root, straw, and hull) and secont factor is level concentration extrac (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100%) with 5 replicates. Data analysed using ANOVA and DMRT.The results showed that allelochemicals from residue of rice IR 64 extract inhibit the germination and growth soybean var. Grobogan seedling, the higher concentration of the treatment the greater inhibition. Inhibition most likely caused by a hull rice extract. Keywords : Glycine max, Oryza sa tiva, allelochemical, phenol


Decentralized Online Social Networks (DOSNs) are evolving as a promising approach to mitigate design-inherent privacy flaws of logically centralized services such as Facebook, Google+ or Twitter. Common approaches to implement a DOSN build upon a peer-to-peer (P2P) architecture in order to avoid the central aggregation of sensitive user data at one provider-controlled location. While the absence of a single point of data aggregation strikes the most powerful attacker from the list of adversaries, the decentralization also removes some privacy protection afforded by the provider's intermediation of all communication in a centralized Online Social Network (OSN). As content storage, access right management, retrieval and other administrative tasks of the service become the obligation of the users, it is non-trivial to hide the metadata of objects and information flows, even when the content itself is encrypted. Such metadata is, deliberately or as a side effect, hidden by the provider in a centralized system. Implementing the different features of a privacy-presvering DOSN does not only face these general challenges but must also cope with the absence of a trusted agent with full access to all data. For example user authentication should provide the same usabilty known from common centralized OSN services, such as ease of changing a password, revoking the access of a stolen device or resetting a forgotten password via e-mail or security questions. All this without relying on a trusted third party such as an identity provider. Another example is user search, where the challenge is to protect user data while making user findable at the same time. An implementation of such a feature in a DOSN has to work without assuming a trusted provider having access to all user profiles maintaining a global search index. In this work we analyze the general privacy-problems in a DOSN, especially those arising from metadata. Furthermore, we suggest two privacypreserving implementations of standard OSN features, i. e., user authentication via password-login and user search via a knowledge threshold. Both implementations do not rely on a trusted, central provider and are therefore applicable in a DOSN cenario but can be applied in other P2P or low-trust environments as well.


The topic of the thesis is how the Nordic interior design style can be integrated with the Israeli interior design style. The main objective of the thesis is to find out how the Nordic interior design style can be integrated into Israel, where different cultures have mixed together. In addition, the aim is to more closely explore the Israeli interior design style and the history of Israeli residential architecture and to discuss these in the thesis. The thesis also includes a space plan for an existing new apartment located in Jaffa in Israel. The project is an independent work which does not involve a client or a company. The interior design plan for the target apartment seeks to highlight the most essential elements of both the Nordic and Israeli interior design styles. The interior design plan of the thesis focuses on room layout, standard dimensioning, materials, colors and furniture choices. The references for the thesis consist mainly of literature and magazines. Literature has been used to explore the backgrounds and history of Finnish and Israeli residential architecture and facts about the Nordic and Israeli interior design styles. The history of residential architecture focuses on comparing the construction history of Finland and Israel in the 1920s and 1930s, since both countries experienced many societal changes during the same period. The pictures of modern homes were chosen for the comparison of the interior design styles because no material was found about Israeli décor from the previous decades. The study reveals how Finland and Israel underwent many societal changes that had an influence on the styles of residential architecture in 1920s and 1930s. In addition, comparison of the Finnish and Israeli residences reveals the similarities and differences in the interior design styles in both cultures and the influence geographical location had on their architecture.


PURPOSE: A car collision prevention apparatus and a method thereof are provided to implement an accurate collision prevention function based on accurate collision prediction by calculating collision risk. CONSTITUTION: A car collision prevention device is installed in a car to determine collision risk based on distance between the car and a front car. A laser sensor senses the front car by including a beam reception unit by receiving a laser beam. A laser emission unit emits the laser beam. A sound wave generating unit is installed at the front unit of the car and emits an ultrasonic wave to a front side. The sound wave sensing unit senses the front car by receiving the ultrasonic wave generated from the sound wave generating unit. A front ultrasonic wave sensor (120) reduces a sensing distance to sense the front car which is close to the car. A controller (140) calculates collision risk by using output information as an input value according to the speed change ratio of the car, the speed of the car, the distance change ratio with the front car, and the distance with the front car through information obtained from OBD installed in the car. [Reference numerals] (110) Laser sensor; (120) Front ultrasonic sensor; (140) Controller; (150) Lateral ultrasonic sensor


An estimated 44,340 longer term resident households in rural Kentucky were studied to identify the variables that explained changes in household income status between 1974-79. In a nine-county area of south-central Kentucky, rapid employment growth between 1974 and 1979 created new job opportunities, but employment growth did not benefit all households or reduce the area's overall poverty level. For households located in the study area continuously between 1974 and 1979, the average relative income changed very little. Although 28% reported improved relative incomes, another 22% lost ground when household members either retired or reduced their annual work hours. Households headed by elderly persons maintained their relative incomes because they depended on public or private income assistance programs that were indexed to the Consumer Price Index. Households headed by women had limited benefit from the area's employment growth. Most of the women who benefited from the job growth lived in households headed by men. About 21% of the longer term resident households were classed as poor in both 1974 and 1979. The heads of these households were typically older and had lower educational attainment than heads of households never classified as poor. Forty-eight references and the regression models used in the study are appended. (JHZ) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * *****************************p***************************************** United States Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service Rural Development Research Report Number 55 Will Employment Growth Benefit All Households? A Case Study in Nine Nonmetro Kentucky Counties Donald K. Larson Claudia K. White U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION EiEDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC/ This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization onginahng it O Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality Points of view or opinions stated in this docu meat do not necessarily represent official NIE position or policy


Nurse anaesthetists do sometimes meet children with special needs, who are at an increased risk for anxiety and fear in the perioperative setting. Previous research has shown how the perioperative dialogue can reduce fear. But children's experience of this process have not been studied before. The aim of this study was to describe children with special needs experience of the perioperative dialogue. Data were collected through participant observations and semistructured interviews from 25 children with special needs. To acquire a deeper understanding of children's experience a hermeneutic approach was chosen. Six categories emerged; the children were taken seriously; the children knew before and didn't feel afraid; it turned out the way we have decided; the nurse anaesthetist should be the same as in the preoperative dialogue; everything felt so personal; the children managed the situation, and everything turned out so simple. The conclusion is that the perioperative dialogue improves the care of children with special needs. By using the perioperative dialogue the nurse anaesthetist can help the child relieve it's fear, and make the unpleasant easier.


work comes with the seeming endorsement of a major research centre for East Asian studies is disappointing. One erroneous claim is that this is the ®rst book in English on the Mongol purges. Actually, Dashpurev's and Soni's Reign of Terror in Mongolia, 1920±1990 (New Delhi) appeared in 1992. More serious is the absence of accepted standards of historical research and writing. Sandag cites, without reference to any authoritative source material, an in ̄ated ®gure of 100 000 Mongolian victims of the purges. Careful study of the recently opened ®les of the Mongolian Ministry of Internal Security indicates that the number was closer to 25 000 to 30 000. Sandag also offers no sources for (1) direct quotes from Joseph Stalin (p. 76) about the repression, uttered at a meeting with Mongolian of®cials in 1934 (2) an extremely far-fetched scene during which the Mongolian Prime Minister reputedly (p. 77) ``chased Stalin around the table, pulled his moustache, and grabbed his favorite pipe from his mouth and ̄ung it on the ̄oor.'' (3) descriptions of Choibalsan, the Mongolian Stalin, (p. 45) as ``drinking heavily [and] sometimes found lying unconscious in the street with his drunken wife Bortolgoi.'' (4) direct quotes from Choibalsan in which he acquiesces to orders from the Soviet ambassador. (p. 116). Sandag was neither present at any of these events nor does he cite references to any other observers. It is surprising that the publishers of the book and Sandag's American advisers did not require him to follow the most elementary rules of scholarship. Similarly, they did not challenge his extremely dubious views about modern Mongolian and Soviet history. His portrait of a ``saintly'' last Bogdo Gegen (the head of the Mongolian Buddhist establishment who died in 1924) and of the pre-Revolutionary lamas as ``peaceful mortals'' who benevolently spread a ``philosophy of love for all living beings'' (p. 127) clashes with historical evidence. The Eighth Bogdo Gegen, an alcoholic who died of syphilis, was certainly no saint. The Buddhist hierarchy of lamas he led was often oppressive, avaricious, and obscurantist. Sandag's whitewashing of the pre-Revolutionary Buddhist leadership does not jibe with reality. His repeated, emotional anti-Communist outbursts (e.g. Mongolia ``was thoroughly trapped in the talons of Soviet communism'' ± p. 72) are not serious historical analyses, and neither are his observations that Lenin suppressed democracy in the Soviet Union (p. 1; does he mean to imply that the Tsars were democrats?) and that the Soviets exploited and did not bene®t Mongolia (p. 2; what about Soviet assistance in creating a good educational system and a rudimentary medical structure, not to mention Soviet loans and economic aid?). A listing of his unsubstantiated judgments and opinionated accounts would occupy more space than the word limit allotted to this review. In fairness, however, I should mention that his biographical sketches of the ``repressed'' are useful. Three questions for the publisher: Was the book sent out for peer review? Did it have an editor who checked the facts? Are its unremitting anti-communist views suf®cient reasons for its publication? Morris Rossabi


ULLER-STACH Abstract We compute the transcendental part of the normal function corresponding to the Deligne class of a cycle in K1 of a mirror family of quartic K 3 surfaces. The re- sulting multivalued function does not satisfy the hypergeometric differential equation of the periods, and we conclude that the cycle is indecomposable for most points in the mirror family. The occurring inhomogenous Picard-Fuchs equations are related to Painlev´ e VI-type differential equations. 1. The regulator map and Picard-Fuchs equations In this paper we study the first nonclassical higher K -group K 1.X/ for a smooth com- plex projective surface X. It was conjectured by H. Esnault around 1995 that certain elements in this group can be detected in the transcendental part of the Deligne coho- mology group H 3


ABSTRACT This paper examines the salience and impact of e-commerce on the roles of distributors in the semiconductor industry for four different types of products, namely differentiated products, architectural products, technological products, and complex products. Specifically, the study measures the perceived importance of e-commerce and the possibility of e-commerce displacing the offline roles of distributors to customers, producers, and both. Questionnaire and the purposive sampling method were used to collect data from distributors in the semi-conductor industry. The results of the study show that physical distribution and logistics-related functions are becoming more salient with the advent of e-commerce. In addition, the likelihood of e-commerce replacing the offline channels is lowest for complex products as compared to any other product category. Details of the findings are discussed. KEY WORDS: E-Commerce Physical Distribution Semi-Conductor Industry Perceived Importance Functions Likelihood of Being Replaced Malaysia INTRODUCTION Forecasts that predict the size of online trading revenues in the near future vary from a few hundred billion to a few trillion dollars (van Hooft & Stegwee 2001; Jantan, Ndubisi & Ong, 2003). Arthur Anderson (2000) indicates that electronic business-to-business represents 84% of total e-business revenue and the growth prospects are substantial with the revenues predicted to be anywhere from $2.7 trillion to over $7 trillion in the next three years. There has also been concern that the salience of physical distributors could be undermined by e-commerce. The existence of distribution channels has helped to make society more efficient in resource allocation. Most producers use intermediaries both to acquire raw materials for production and to bring their products to market. They try to forge distribution channel to facilitate the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption by the consumer or business user (Stern, El-Ansary & Coughlin, 1996). Bagozzi et al., (1998) assert that intermediary creates savings and the savings become more dramatic as the number of producer-consumers increases. Armstrong and Kotler (2003) pointed out that intermediaries play an important role in matching supply and demand, while Waxman (2000) argues that by servicing the thousands of indirect partners who are the customers, midrange distribution adds true value. However, one of the constantly raised questions with the emergence of e-commerce is whether the offline channels will be emasculated. The purpose of the study therefore, is to understand the perceived importance of e-commerce and its impact on the physical distribution and logistics-related functions for customers, producers, and for both, across four product categories in the Malaysian semi-conductor sector. LITERATURE REVIEW Armstrong and Kotler (2003) define distribution channel as a set of inter-dependent organizations involved in the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption by the consumer or business buyer. In most contemporary markets, mass production and consumption have lured intermediaries into the junction between buyer and seller. Intermediaries provide economies of distribution by increasing the efficiency of the process. Researchers have credited distribution channels with the following roles: information gathering and distribution of marketing research and intelligence information (Sawhney, 2000); promotion (Jantan et al. 2003); contact or prospecting (Sawhney, 2000); matching (Kearney, 2000a); negotiation (Ndubisi et al. 2003); physical distribution (Sawhney, 2000; Kearney, 2000a); financing (Jantan et al. 2003); and risk-taking (Ndubisi et al. 2003; Kearney, 2000a;). Bagozzi et al., (1998) categorizes the distribution functions into three: functions for customers; functions for producers; and functions for both customers and producers. …


Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) using radiofrequency (RF) or cryoballoon (CB) has been an established treatment for atrial fibrillation. PVI using RF is the most common method with a rather complex technique of a point-by-point tissue heating and navigation of electro-anatomical-guided mapping system, and PVI with CB is also the common method with a relatively simple technique of freezing balloon occlusion. These 2 types of ablation are comparable in terms of the efficacy of the PVI procedure.

 The data on the clinical outcome of each AF type with PV triggers has been limited. We compared the outcome of success rate between RF and CB group with respect to each AF type, and further assessed the efficacy of pulmonary vein isolation for AF patients with the origin of only PV.

 A total of 3402 AF patients (age 64±11; 2463 males) underwent initial PVI from May 2009 to July 2018 (PAF: 67%, non-PAF: 37%). Radiofrequency using irrigation-tip catheter was employed to 1796 patients since May 2009 (RF-PAF: 55%, RF-non-PAF: 45%). Second-generation cryoballoon was employed to other 1606 patients since September 2014 (CB-PAF: 81%, CB-non-PAF: 19%). In CB group, PV touch-up ablation with RF was needed for 113 patients (7%) (CB-PAF: 6%, CB-non-PAF: 13%; p<0.001). After PVI, additional ablation for non-PV foci was undergone after the induction by using isoproterenol infusion and rapid atrial pacing (RF-AF: 34%, CB-AF: 32%; p=0.107).

 In all PAF patients, AF free survival rate was significantly superior in CB group (2-years Kaplan-Meir event rate, CB 83.2%, RF 75.2%; log-rank p<0.001). The percentage of patients with non-PV foci was almost equivalent in both group (CB 30%, RF 31%, p=0.644). And in PAF patients with only PV-foci, AF free survival rate was significantly superior in CB group (2-years Kaplan-Meir event rate, CB 85.0%, RF 78.8%; log-rank p<0.001). On the other hand, in all non-PAF patients, AF free survival rate was almost equivalent in both non-PAF group (2-years Kaplan-Meir event rate, CB 65.5%, RF-non-PAF 70.0%; log-rank p=0.9). The percentage of patients with non-PV foci was almost equivalent in both group (CB 40%, RF 39%, p=0.731), And in non-PAF patients with only PV-foci, AF free survival rate was almost equivalent in both non-PAF group (2-years Kaplan-Meir event rate, CB 69.7%, RF 73.0%; log-rank p=0.376).

 Our study showed better outcome of PVI with CB for PAF patients with PV triggers, and indicated the non-inferiority of PVI with CB for non-PAF patients with PV triggers to PVI with RF.


Background: Prostate cancer (PC) remains refractory immune checkpoint therapies (CPT) despite having an FDA-approved cancer vaccine. PC is known to have a low mutation burden resulting in low level of neoantigens, so shared tumor associated antigens (TAAs) and translocations presumably represent a dominant source of antigens in this disease. While PC is thought to be a poorly immunogenic tumor, the frequency and breadth of tumor antigen reactivity in PC patients is unclear.
 Methods: We utilized novel programmable immunogenic mRNA nanoparticle platform and created formulations encoding a range of full-length prostate TAAs (TAAmRNA) to systemically study T cell immune responses to across a range of TAAs in PC patients. We administered 8 PC TAAmRNAs (NY-ESO-1, HK2, STEAP1, TMPRSS2-ERG, PAP, PSA, PSCA and PSMA) to in-vitro cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 43 treatment-naïve localized PC patients compared to 17 age-matched non-cancer control patients. We assessed upregulation of early T cell activation markers and interferon-gamma (INFg) cytokine production through flow cytometry and ELISPOT, respectively.
 Results: 20% of PC patients possessed TAA-specific CD8+ T cell responses to at least one antigen. NY-ESO-1, HK2 and TMPRSS2-ERG had the highest T cell recall responses at an average of 35%, with NY-ESO-1 demonstrating the strongest responses per patient. Of the patients that respond to any given TAA, 47% of patients responded to three or more antigens, with 11% of PC patients responding to all TAAs. PC patients also showed heightened production of IFNg, with 35% of patients showing pan-responsiveness to three or more antigens. Particularly, HK2 stimulated the highest levels of INFg production. These levels of responsiveness are not seen in the control cohort.
 Conclusions: Encapsulated mRNA nanoparticles can be used to systematically map antigen reactivity across a cohort of cancer patients and reveal frequent pan-responsiveness to multiple TAAs in what has considered to be an immunologically cold cancer These results also reveal a hierarchy in immunogenicity of candidates that can enable future vaccine development. Continual efforts to assess the immunogenicity of shared PC TAAs in more advanced disease, and how patient responses to TAAs are modulated by immunotherapies, can aid in refining combinatorial therapies for PC.
 Citation Format: Elena Montauti, Ole Haabeth, Chris Rae, Samuel Deutsch, Lawrence Fong, David Oh. Mapping of shared tumor antigen reactivity with nanoparticle encapsulated mRNA in prostate cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 2 (Clinical Trials and Late-Breaking Research); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(8_Suppl):Abstract nr LB346.


Within the context of increasingly serious global environmental problems, green supplier assessment has become one of the key links in modern green supply chain management. In the actual work of green supplier assessment, the information of potential suppliers is often ambiguous or even absent, and there are interrelationships and feedback-like effects among assessment indexes. Additionally, the thinking of experts in index importance judgment is always ambiguous and subjective. To handle the uncertainty and incompleteness in green supplier assessment, we propose a green supplier assessment method based on rough ANP and evidence theory. The uncertain index value is processed by membership degree. Trapezoidal fuzzy number is adopted to express experts' judgment on the relative importance of the indexes, and rough boundary interval is used to integrate the judgment opinions of multiple experts. The ANP structure is built to deal with the interrelationship and feedback-like effects among indexes. Then, the index weight is calculated by ANP method. Finally, the green suppliers are assessed by a trust interval, based on evidence theory. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by an application of a bearing cage supplier assessment.


A three-dimensional simulation model for the actual bridge with integral abutment was established by the finite element program ANSYS to analysis the influence parameters of load transverse distribution(mc)in jointless bridge.The comparative analysis between numerical results and experimental results shows that the mechanical behavior of the test bridge could be well simulated in FEA model and the bearing capacity of the model conservative.Based on the proven model,the influence parameters of load transverse distribution in jointless bridge are discussed,including the effective pile length(le),the bending stiffness of pile,the comparative bending stiffness of pile and the width-span ratio(B/L).The research results show that the mc decreases gradually with the increase of le,when le reaches a certain value,mc converges to a stable state.The mc of boundary beam decreases with the decrease of the longitudinal bending stiffness.The smaller the B/Lcauses the greater slop of influence line of load transverse distribution and mc.The mcdecreases slowly when B/L0.4,the difference-value is less than 1.6%.When B/L0.4,the mc will decrease linearly with the increase of the bridge width,the maximum difference-value is about 17.34%.


Educational reform efforts hroughout the last decade have called for a revision of the princi pal's role, with an increased focus on instructional leadership. Rather than viewing the princi pal's role in school improvement as one of management versus Instructional leadership, says this writer, the focus should be on managing for productive schools.


An invaluable work for people who need to understand statistics and utilise their results. The book is not technical: its purpose is to teach the reader how to understand and apply statistics. Most of the examples are from education but people in all fields that involve the use of statistics will find this book indispensable. Written with great clarity this is a first-rate statistics book for the non-statistician.


In this paper a novel absorbing boundary condition for the finite difference time domain (FDTD method based on extrapolation is presented. By considering correction of the extrapolation with respect to FDTD schemefurther improvement of absorption is achieved. It is demonstrated that the proposed method


An error function to assist curve fitting of models to data points with an analog computer is described, and an ex ample of its usefulness in evaluating a biochemical model is given.


In two field experiments over periods of 6 and 8 years the activity density and diversity of carabids and staphylids were measured in pitfalls traps during the conversiion fron conventional to biological farming. Positive effects of the conversion were observed for many carabid species; among them Harpalus rufipes and several Amara, Bembidion and Pterostichus species, and the staphylinid fly parasitoid Aleochara bipistulata. The increased number of weed species present could at least partly explain the rise. Negative effects of the conversion were observed for several staphylinid species, among them Philonthus cognatus and Tachyporus species, and the carabid Trechus quadristriatus. It is hypothesized that the reduction in stapjylinids could partly be due to competition from the rising numbers of carabids.


acts to accelerate the bypass air and potentially impart an overall net positive thrust to the system. An additional magnetic piston applying energy in the pulse detonation engine chamber can also act in concert with the pulse detonation rocket-induced magnetohydrodynamic ejector for separate or additional thrust augmentation. Results show potential performance gains under many flight and operating conditions (as high as a 6% increase in total impulse per cycle) but with some challenges associated with achieving these gains, suggesting further analysis and optimization are required.


Starting from the psychological contract, the contents and some relevant factors of the job satisfaction, this paper probes into the importance of employees' psychological contract and job satisfaction on strengthening the management of employees, and researches on the paths and methods for increasing the job satisfaction from the angle of the psychological contract.


Abstract Extract Sir:- It is well documented in the literature that bulls grow 10–20% faster and have a higher efficiency of feed conversion than steers.(3)(4)(5) New Zealand's beef production could well be increased markedly if more dairy and traditional beef calves are fattened as bulls. The secondary sex characteristics (behaviour problems) of bulls fattened is one of the main reasons why bull beef production is not practised extensively. Under feedlot conditions, zeranol (marketed under trademark RALGRO*) was shown to reduce riding when bulls were implanted every 100 days, from birth.(2)


A survey to evaluate the preference of researchers of reference by the medical students of Karnataka revealed that majority of medicos prefer e-resources for their work and nearly 30% prefer to use both printed and e-resources and a few have no specific preference. There is an increasing trend and shift towards the electronic resources for reference and the libraries have to cope with this change.


Basic notational systems exist in many sports but may not always be formally named as such. This paper outlines the validity and reliability of using a computerised scatter diagram as an input method for the analysis of marksmanship in target sports with Archery used as an example sport. Software was created to represent a standard FITA 122cm target face. An Archer shot 72 arrows, these were measured to create coordinates of each arrow. Twelve images (6 arrows per image) were shown to 10 operators. Operators input each arrow position into the software to produce a coordinate for each arrow. The coordinates where additionally processed using marksmanship statistics, Accuracy Constant Error (ACE), Accuracy Variable Error (AVE) and Precision (Mean Radius-MR). ICC was used to test validity and PPMC to test inter-rater reliability of the raw data and error analysis on the processed data. Raw results showed strong positive correlations for validity against the measured coordinates (>.977) and high levels of inter-rater reliability(>.969). Processed results show less than 2% error to that of measured results. Systems such as this allow coach/athlete/researcher to track varying equipment setups, changes to biomechanics, physiology and psychology, allowing for continued development of athlete, sport and equipment.


Muscle metastasis is rare and those from esophageal carcinoma are even rare. We report the first reported case of muscle metastasis within the vastus intermedius from squamous cell carcinoma and review the literature. Early diagnosis and awareness of the various patterns of muscle metastasis is essential to decrease morbidity.


In two preclinical studies, investigators examined mechanisms of ketamine actions in the lateral habenula, a region located next to the pineal stalk.


Background: Pelvic Inflammatory disease is a very common gynaecological condition among the women in reproductive age group. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to find out the clinical findings of Pelvic inflammatory diseases among the women during reproductive age group. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh from January 2008 to June 2009 for a period of one (01) and a half year. Women who were presented with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) attended at the OPD of gynecology Department at Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh were selected as study population. Detailed clinical history of each patient was taken and thorough physical examination was performed. Result: A total number of 300 cases were recruited. The mean age with SD was 30.3±9.57 years. Majority of the patients had tenderness in the lower abdomen which was 96(64.0%) cases. However, 152(50.7%) patients had vaginal discharge and 34(11.3%) patients had uterovaginal proplapse. However, cervical tear was present in 96(32.0%) cases and chronic cervicitis was present in 138(46.0%) cases. Conclusion: In conclusion most common clinical feature is lower abdominal tenderness followed by vaginal discharge. [Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2021;7(1): 52-55]