The goal of the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Loaner Program is to increase the awareness, deployment, and use of electric vehicles (EVs) in Federal fleets. The Loaner Program accomplishes this by providing free EVs to Federal fleets on a loaner basis, generally for 1 or 2 months. The Program partners DOE with six electric utilities, with DOE providing financial support and some leads on Federal fleets interested in obtaining EVs. The utilities obtain the vehicles, identify candidate loaner fleets, loan the vehicles, provide temporary charging infrastructure, provide overall support to participating Federal fleets, and support fleets with their leasing decisions. While the utilities have not had the success initially envisioned by themselves, DOE, the Edison Electric Institute, and the Electric Vehicle Association of the Americas, the utilities can not be faulted for their efforts, as they are not the entity that makes the ultimate lease or no-lease decision. Some external groups have suggested to DOE that they direct other federal agencies to change their processes to make loaning vehicles easier; this is simply not within the power of DOE. By law, a certain percentage of all new vehicle acquisitions are supposed to be alternative fuel vehicles (AFV); however, withmore » no enforcement, the federal agencies are not compelled to lease AFVs such as electric vehicles.« less


Government Electronic IDs (EIds) are digital credentials issued to the citizens. In Europe, EIds are distributed in the form of identity cards or passports that allow for identity verification towards government and private services in the digital domain. This paper provides a reference design and implementation examples for Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) based EIds. Especially, the paper highlights the role of attestation during enrolment, a requirement that is not present in legacy EIds.


Objective To discuss the influence of sputum character and conservation condition in process of tubercle bacillus cultivate. Methods 846 portions and 180 portions sputum specimen results of tubercle bacillus cultivate were analyzed retrospectively; the difference of tubercle bacillus cultivate had been compared. Results The positive incidence in 846 portions sputum specimen had a significantly statistical difference, in which the caseating sputum had the highest positive incidence; the tubercle bacillus cultivate result of 180 portions sputum specimen also had statistical difference in different preservation conditions; there was a negative correlation between hold time, temperature and positive incidence. Conclusions The characters and conservation conditions of sputum specimen have obvious influence in process of tubercle bacillus cultivatate; as a result, choosing the suitable character sputum and temperature will help stimulate the detection of tubercle bacillus.


Information Technology as an enabler helps organization to improve business by gaining more competitive advantage, it plays a significant role for organization to compete. Many organizations sense the pressure to leverage their investment towards information system. Selecting the optimal portfolio of IT projects is becoming increasingly important as the dependency on IT for organizational performance increases. The purpose of this research is to design tools for IT project selection tools in the software house. Combination of Delphi, AHP, and Factor rating method is used to gain the prioritize of the projects. Agile method is used to develop the application. The application is built in web platform to help the organization decision. Future research can be done to consider more variables for choosing the right project for the organization.


A two-stage FEL experiment is under development at the UCSB FEL facility. The experiment uses a high-quality 20-ampere electron beam generated by an electrostatic accelerator with beam recovery. A new gun and collector were developed for this experiment. The first stage, with a helical undulator, will produce a saturation flux of the order of 10/sup 7/ watts/cm/sup 2/ radiation. This will be the pump for the second stage where light of 1.08 micrometers will be generated.


In order to increase the robustness of localisation and victim detection in low visibility situations it is necessary to fuse several sensors. The most common sensor used in robotics is the 2D laser scanner which delivers distance measurements. In combination with a camera the gained information can be supported by visual information about the environment. Thermal cameras are ideal for finding objects with a certain temperature, but they do not deliver distance information. The difficulty in fusing these two sensors is, that a correspondence between each distance measurement and its corresponding pixel within the thermal image needs to be found. As the laser scanner only displays one plane, this is not an intuitive task. A special triangular calibration target, covering all six degrees of freedom and being visible for both sensors, was developed. In the end the transformation between each laser scan point and its corresponding thermal image pixel is given. This allows for assigning every laser measurement within the field of view a corresponding thermal pixel. The final application will enable detection of human beings and display the distance required to reach them.


We analyze forward-induction reasoning in games with asymmetric information assuming some commonly understood restrictions on beliefs. Specifically, we assume that some given restrictions ∆ on players' initial or conditional first-order beliefs are transparent, that is, not only do the restrictions ∆ hold but there is also common belief in ∆ at every node. Most applied models of asymmetric information are covered as special cases whereby ∆ pins down the probabilities initially assigned to states of nature. But the abstract analysis also allows for transparent restrictions on beliefs about behavior, e.g. independence restrictions or restrictions induced by the context behind the game. Our contribution is twofold. First, we use dynamic interactive epistemology to formalize assumptions that capture foward-induction reasoning given the transparency of ∆, and show that the behavioral implications of these assumptions are characterized by the ∆-rationalizability solution procedure of [the first author and M. Siniscalchi, J. Econ. Theory 88, No.1, 188-230 (1999; Zbl 0972.91020); the first author, "Rationalizability in infinite dynamic games with incomplete information", Res. Econ. 57, No. 1, 1–38 (2003; doi:10.1016/S1090-9443(02)00054-6)]. Second, we study the differences and similarities between this solution concept and a simpler solution procedure put forward by the first author and M. Siniscalchi ["Rationalization and incomplete information", Adv. Theor. Econ. 3, No. 1, Article No. 3 (2003; doi:10.2202/1534-5963.1073)]. We show that the two procedures are equivalent if ∆ is "closed under compositions" a property that holds in all the applications considered by the first author and Siniscalchi [2003, loc. cit.]. We also show that when ∆ is not closed under compositions, the simpler solution procedure of the first author and Siniscalchi [2003, loc. cit.] may fail to characterize the behavioral implications of forward-induction reasoning.


Objective To understand the status of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection in inpatient and outpatient and to offer scientific evidence for making control measures. Methods Totally 237 735 inpatient and outpatients in Gaozhou county hospoital were screened for HIV infection from 2008 to 2012 and the results were analyzed. Results In the initial screen 173 positives were detected and 167 including 117 male cases mainly in the age group of from 31 to 50 years(68.37%)and 50 female cases in age group of from 0 to 80 years(60.00%).The positive rates of anti-HIV antibody in the departments of internal medicine,surgery,gynecology,outpatient were 0.047%,0.093%,0.057% and 0.047% respectively; The patients living with HIV were mainly infected through sexually transmitted route and most of them were married with low education level and the higher the education background the lower of HIV infection rate. Most of the positives were the jobless farmers and business transaction persons. Conclusions The spread of national health education on HIV/AIDS knowledge can effectively reduce the HIV antibody positive rate. Medical workers should abide by the prevention rgulation to prevent from occupational exposure to HIV and choose qualified reagents for enhancement of the accuracy in detection of HIV detection.


Within a period of about twenty-eight years since its establishment in 1983, the first interest-free Shari`ah-based bank of South and Southeast Asian region; Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited (IBBL), has recently become top ranked bank of private sector in Bangladesh. Having a wide range of investment schemes, IBBL has been dealing with the issue of risk management successfully. This study will attempt to analyze and represent the nature and development of risk management policy of IBBL with the focus on its Shari`ah-compliance issues. It will investigate the impact of Shari`ah-compliance of risk management instruments with its success in banking, and in the investment in particular. In doing so, a major focus of discussion would be given for scrutinizing the status of that policy in relevance with the issues of Islamic jurisprudence. Accordingly, an attempt to represent a brief comparison of that Shari`ah-compliant policy with conventional and prominent risk management principles will take place. The qualitative nature of this research would require study of references and primary resource materials as well as gathering data from different dynamic sources. The research reached at certain conclusions that, the risk management policy played a key role in the success of IBBL. That policy is also Shari`ah-compliant, as asserted in the literatures of IBBL and other sources. Most importantly, it will initiate an opportunity to share the analysis of relevant principles and policies of IBBL along with a discussion of their Shari`ah perspectives.

Keywords: IBBL, Shari`ah-Compliance, Investment Risk Management, Islamic Jurisprudence


A discussion of a paper with the aforementioned title by P.J. Fox, published in this journal (Volume 125, Number 10, October 1999), is presented. The discussers express concern that the solution charts are applicable to a narrow range of problems, the assumption that the hydraulic conductivity is equal to one-half of the initial average void ratio is a major limitation, and the solutions may be misused. The discussers advocate the direct use of numerical models to avoid these perceived difficulties. Discussion is followed by closure from the author.


In genome-wide association studies (GWAS), inappropriate disclosure of genotype dataset may put individuals' privacy such as disease status, phenotype, kinship and individual identity at risk. The current privacy preserving mechanisms for GWAS mainly focus on protecting the statistical values or the query mechanisms and just achieve the tradeoff but not the equilibrium between utility and privacy. In this paper, we developed and evaluated our differential privacy framework and mechanism for raw genotype datasets in GWAS, and the framework finally achieves the Nash equilibrium between utility and privacy. Firstly, we code the raw genotype dataset to a genotype matrix based on the general genetic model in our mechanism. Then according to the expected utility and privacy, we add noises to raw matrix and the output matrix remains within the original range of $p$-value and its disturbance is as large as possible, which means the utility is available and the more deviation between raw dataset and output dataset, the larger privacy we get. Our framework can help release the disturbed dataset with raw format, which can promote the study of bioinformatics and biostatistics. It can also be used in a similar scenario such as privately publication of electronic medical record, or the user data which can be privately counted to a 2×2 contingency table.


While criminologists have for some time examined state and corporate crime as separate entities, the concept of state-corporate crime highlighting joint government and private corporate action causing criminal harm is a recent area of study with relatively few published case studies (Matthews and Kauzlarich, 2000). This paper focuses on state-corporate crime at the Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant (PGDP) in Paducah, Kentucky, and contributes to the study of state-corporate crime in three ways: (1) it adds a new case study to a field in which there are few published accounts, (2) it assesses the utility of Kauzlarich and Kramer's (1998) integrated theoretical framework of state-corporate crime by applying it to understanding harms at PGDP, and (3) it demonstrates how the state role in state-corporate crime can evolve from that of instigator to facilitator. PGDP is an especially important case study in the field of state-corporate crime because it constitutes a rare instance in which the federal government has both acknowledged and apologized for its role in harms caused to plant workers and the environment.


In this study, the breakout capacity of a single anchor specimen in concrete simulating the bridge bearing connection with the characteristics of reinforcement, anchor socket, bed concrete, and mortar was evaluated for shear. The concrete breakout capacities were compared based on the embedment length of the anchor socket and edge distance, and the difference between the existing design strength and the actual strength was determined, which indicated safety issues. In addition, the shear resistance performance of the effective anchor reinforcement was evaluated through the strain analysis of the reinforcement. Finally, Through the results of this study, a concrete breakout capacity formula that reflects the characteristics of the bridge bearing connection has been proposed.


In order to build business management system with scientific tendency and standardization in coal industry,the paper proposed a design scheme of team management information system of coal mine based on Struts according to team management of one coal mine.It gave structure and functions of main modules of the system,and introduced key technologies in implementing the system.The actual application showed that the system runs well and has advantages of convenient maintenance,simple operation and advanced technology.


Isabel Fothergill Smith (November 15, 1890-September 16, 1990), Professor Emcrita of Geology and History of Science, Scripps College, Claremont California, began her career in geology and education with the tutelage and mentoring of Florence Bascom at Bryn Mawr College. After receiving her Ph.D. from that institution, Smith embarked upon her career in education as a geology professor at Smith College. In 1929, she became the first Dean at Scripps College, a newly founded women's college in southern California. After six years as Dean and a sabbatical studying history of science at Columbia and Harvard Universities, Smith returned to Scripps and taught history of science and geology there, as well as at Pomona College. She retired from teaching in 1954 and later wrote a biographical memoir of her mentor Florence Bascom.


The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) is one of the general purpose detectors at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC), where the products of proton–proton collisions at the center of mass energy up to 13.6 TeV are reconstructed. The electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) is one of the crucial components of the CMS since it reconstructs the energies and positions of electrons and photons. Even though several Machine Learning (ML) algorithms have been already used for calorimetry, with the constant advancement of the field, more and more sophisticated techniques have become available, which can be beneficial for object reconstruction with calorimeters. In this paper, we present two novel ML algorithms for object reconstruction with the ECAL that are based on graph neural networks (GNNs). The new approaches show significant improvements compared to the current algorithms used in CMS.


XTE J1810−197 (PSR J1809-1943) was the first magnetar that was found to emit transient radio emission. It has recently undergone another radio and high-energy outburst. This is only the second radio outburst that has been observed from this source. We observed J1810−197 soon after its recent radio outburst at low radio frequencies using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope. We present the 650 MHz flux density evolution of the source in the early phases of the outburst, and its radio spectrum down to frequencies as low as 300 MHz. The magnetar also exhibits radio emission in the form of strong, narrow bursts. We show that the bursts have a characteristic intrinsic width of the order of 0.5–0.7 ms, and discuss their properties in the context of giant pulses and giant micropulses from other pulsars. We also show that the bursts exhibit spectral structures that cannot be explained by interstellar propagation effects. These structures might indicate a phenomenological link with the repeating fast radio bursts that also show interesting, more detailed frequency structures. While the spectral structures are particularly noticeable in the early phases of the outburst, these seem to be less prominent as well as less frequent in the later phases, suggesting an evolution of the underlying cause of these spectral structures.


We consider the Dirac equation with a magnetic-solenoid field (the superposition of a solenoid field and a collinear uniform magnetic field). Using von Neumann's theory of the selfadjoint extensions of symmetric operators, we construct selfadjoint Dirac Hamiltonians for the case of the Aharonov-Bohm solenoid in 2 + 1 and 3 + 1 dimensions. Each extension of the family is specified by certain asymptotic boundary conditions at the AB solenoid. We find the spectrum and eigenfunctions for each value of the extension parameter. We also consider the regularized case of a finite-radius solenoid and study the dependence of the eigenfunctions on the behavior of the magnetic field inside the solenoid. In addition, we consider the regularization problem in the spinless case as well. The zero-radius limit yields a concrete selfadjoint Hamiltonian for the case of the magnetic-solenoid field with the Aharonov-Bohm solenoid. In addition, by the example of the radial Dirac Hamiltonian with the magnetic-solenoid field, we present a simplified alternative method for the selfadjoint extensions of a wide class of singular differential operators.


A stacked BGA(Ball Grid Array) semiconductor package is provided to make the stacked BGA semiconductor package smaller and thinner easily by reducing final thickness of the stacked BGA semiconductor package, thereby improving a degree of integration. A stacked BGA semiconductor packages includes a substrate(110), a semiconductor chip(120), a wire(126), and an encapsulation material(128). The substrate has a landing unit and a bonding finger. The landing unit includes a metallic material and is provided at a depressed groove of a lateral surface of the substrate. The bonding finger is placed on a top surface of the substrate. The semiconductor chip has a bonding pad on the substrate. The wire connects the bonding pad and the bonding finger. The encapsulation material seals the semiconductor chip and the wire. The depressed groove has a structure depressed from the lateral surface or the top surface of the substrate to an inside of the substrate.


The paper proposes the technology of search for methods of pending losses elimination, defines the methods, and presents measures aiming at eliminations of production losses because of pending and the results of their implementation.


In this study, we explore the problem of traffic congestion, its effects and related issues for Qasimabad, Hyderabad, Pakistan. The study is based on survey conducted at different sites of Qasimabad. The data was collected using a Questionnaire comprising of questions associated with traffic congestion and its causes. The data was analyzed with SPSS software. A main objective of this work is to present extent to which different driving behaviors are associated with each other. This is achieved using correlation analysis. Finally, recommendations to avoid transportation issues and traffic congestion in Qasimabad, Hyderabad based on present analysis are provided.


A rapid evaluation study into the development of Primary Care Networks in England has found a need for greater engagement at all levels, increased leadership and management capacity and clarification of roles post Covid-19


This research was conducted to identify the level of readiness for the teachers and the implementation of Sixth Form teaching in secondary schools in Muar. This research is a mixed methods which is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. The population involved in this study was a total of 198 which is the Sixth Form teachers from 18 secondary schools in Muar with Sixth Form students. The sample for quantitative research mode was selected randomly involving a sample of 118 respondents, while four respondents were selected non randomly for qualitative research mode. The instrument used was a set of questionnaires for quantitative modes and one set of interviews for qualitative research mode. The data obtained from the questionnaires were analysed using descriptive statistics and a measure of the percentage frequency and min were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 20.0. Data recorded from the interviews were manually transcribed before analysis. On average, the mean of the three research questions derived from the results of the questionnaire is high. For the aspects of teachers' readiness, high mean indicates that the readiness of the sixth form teachers was high. For the aspects of teaching, the high mean shows that teachers agreed with the things that can be done by the management to increase teachers' readiness and the barriers that interfere with the implementation of the well teaching of Sixth Form. Based on the findings, some recommendations for future action were aired to improve this research.


This paper describes the improvement of the quality of Tamil text to speech using LPC based diphone database and the modification of syllable pitch through time scale modification. Speech is generated by concatenative speech synthesizer. Syllable units need to be concatenated such that spectral discontinuities are lowered at unit boundaries without degrading their quality. Smoothing is done by inserting suitable diphone at the concatenation boundary and changing the syllable pitch by performing time scale modification. The suitable diphone is chosen based on LPC coefficient files and their corresponding residuals.


This study is an attempt to estimate and analys the links and relationships of the main elements and flows of the Bulgarian labour market at 90s in their simultaneity. For this purpose the econometric modeling is used, and in particularly the new approach from general to specific modelling and cointegration analyses. In this connection the statistical properties of the variables and their possibilities to modelling are investigated. There are specified and estimated the econometric models describing the long and short-run relationships of the employment, vacancies, matching function, wages and prices. A simulation short-run econometric model of the Bulgarian labour market incorporating the error correction mechanisms (ECM) is build up and estimated. Characteristics of the properties and possibilities of the model for analyses, forecast and simulation of different labour market policies are made.


Summary:  Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of two dissemination and implementation strategies to implement a national guideline for epilepsy management in primary care settings.


Continuous development brings about more wells of bad condition,more high water-cut wells and more un-normal production wells,resulting in more lasting shut-down oil-water wells.Long shutdown of oil-water wells not only limits the oilfield injection-production capacity,but also leads to imperfection of its injection-production system,imposing restrictions on its high-efficient development and normal production.The purpose of discussing the conditions and reasons of long shut-down wells and their recovery potential and means is to furthest utilize the available resources and equipments to increase utilization of oil-water wells,improve development effect and gain more economic benefits.


This paper demonstrates the use of artificial neural networks for retrieving soil moisture or soil roughness information instead of using well known backscattering models. In the exercise, it is investigated whether a priori information on soil wetness state or roughness condition may improve the retrieval. I enjoyed reading the paper and only have some minor comments. It is not completely clear to me why the authors opted for neural networks: what was the reason not to work with classical backscatter models such as the IEM? Such reasoning should be included in the paper. An innovative aspect of the paper is that it tries to include a priori information on the soil condition (being moisture content or roughness state). However, previous works also tried to


Anisotropic material systems occur naturally (such as wood, tissues, etc.), or are engineered as in the case of "brous composites (such as "ber-glass, graphite-epoxy, ceramics matrix, etc.), or can be due to the manufacturing process; like for instance metals with preferred grain orientations (rolled metal, columnar cast stainless steel, etc.). Anisotropy in solid materials has a tendency to change the direction of the acoustic wave energy (group) vector along preferred orientations. Thus, the wave energy vector (also sometimes referred to as power density vector, Poynting vector, power #ow vector) is not necessarily along the wave vector direction [1}3]. This e!ect is often called skewing. In anisotropic materials, the skewing angle, which is the angle between the energy vector and the wave vector, equals zero only when the wave vector is along one of the directions of material symmetry. Since engineered material systems can be designed and fabricated to speci"cations, further discussions in this paper will be limited to strati"ed "ber-reinforced composite materials and more speci"cally to graphite "ber}epoxy resin systems. It has been previously demonstrated that the "ber direction in "ber reinforced composites plays a critical role in the direction of propagation of the acoustic energy [4, 5]. The basic anisotropy of a unidirectional "ber-reinforced laminate can be assumed to be transversely isotropic, and hence be characterized using "ve independent elastic material constants. In many practical instances transversely isotropic layers oriented at di!erent angles with respect to each other can be combined to form multilayered material systems. In the past, such multilayered structures were considered to be orthotropic, mono-clinic, and tri-clinic using e!ective constants methods [6]. Acoustic plane waves when obliquely incident upon a plane interface between any two dissimilar materials (isotropic or anisotropic) will cause some of the incident energy to be re#ected back to the incident medium while the remaining portion will be transmitted at a refracted angle based on Snell's law. Assuming a lossless medium, the sum of the re#ected and the transmitted energy should be equal to the incident energy. But, due to mode conversion, other wave modes are generated which alters this equation, particularly when the mode-converted wave is a guided wave which travels along the structure [7]. The guided waves may also leak energy to the surrounding media. During the generation of guided modes, especially plate wave modes, the specularly re#ected energy approaches a minimum value thus acting as re#ection factor "lter (changing the equation between transmission and re#ection based on the Kramer coincidence principle [1}3]). Hence, by


In June 2010 four krill species were collected in Godthabsfjord, SW Greenland, namely Thysanoessa raschii, T. inermis, T. longicaudata and Meganyctiphanes norvegica. A transect from offshore Fyllas Bank to the inner Godthabsfjord revealed a zonation of the species in relation to hydrography. Offshore, in the Atlantic-influenced water, the Atlantic T. longicaudata dominated. All individuals of T. longicaudata found offshore were carrying spermatophores. Within the fjord T. raschii and T. inermis were present in high numbers but the former dominated. The boreal M. norvegica were only present in the inner part of the fjord. Presence of only 1-year-old individuals and no fertilized females suggests the population is sustained by advection of M. norvegica from offshore waters. Krill community abundance and biomass were lowest offshore and peaked in the innermost part of Godthabsfjord. Thysanoessa inermis matured after 2 years, while T. raschii matured after 1 and 2 years, respectively, depending on temperature. The present study suggests that a warmer future will favour Atlantic species and result in a more diverse self-sustainable krill community in the Godthabsfjord.


The electrolytic tank can be a powerful aid in the teaching of network analysis and synthesis. A 4 × 4 ft. tank has been designed and fabricated in the Electronics and Communication Engineering Department of the Osmania University with indigenously available materials. The object of this paper is to disseminate this experience to those interested in the field. The use to which this tank is being put to in this Department in the analysis and synthesis of networks is also described in detail.


A microcomputerized controller for frequency-changing air conditioner system is composed of the controller for indoor unit, the controller for outdoor unit and remote controller. Said indoor unit controller has additional frost-thawing electromagnetic valve. The indoor fan is driven by brushless DC motor without position sensor. A current-loop optically coupled communication is used between indoor and outdoor units. The power supply for outdoor unit is controlled by the main coltroller chip of indoor unit. Said remote controller has indoor temp sensor and undervoltage detector. Its advantagesare high effect, saving energy and comfortable environment.


The seismic database utilised for the Kumawa PSC 2D PSDM (prestack depth migration) project includes approximately 5,400 full fold km of multi-vintage 2D lines (roughly 2 km line spacing in the east-west direction, 4 km in the north-south direction). In this area, the geologic structure and associated seismic velocity model are extremely complex. In order to achieve the best possible imaging results using 2D seismic in an area with complex 3D geology, an advanced depth imaging workflow was developed. The key elements of the workflow are:  using iterative, 3D grid-based tomographic earth modeling technology to produce an accurate global velocity model using This case study will describe a workflow using 3D tomography technology to derive a robust earth model and subsequent depth imaging in the Kumawa PSC 2D PSDM project area. Seismic comparisons demonstrate significant imaging improvements using anisotropic depth imaging technology compared to PSTM (prestack time migration) imaging results. In addition, the imaging earth model is consistent across the project area.


We consider the ..pi../sup +7/Li..-->..e/sup +/e/sup -/p/sup 6/Li reaction within the framework of the nucleon-cluster model and the shell model. The cross section for this reaction is calculated at the ..pi../sup +/-meson kinetic energy T = 380 MeV and is compared with existing experimental data.


Objectives: As of May 2023, over 500,000 COVID-19 cases and over 7,500 deaths have been reported in Ethiopia. Understanding community members' knowledge and perception of SARS-CoV-2 prevention is essential for directing public health interventions to reduce transmission and improve vaccination coverage. Here, we aimed to describe factors associated with knowledge of COVID-19 prevention among community residents in Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey among a random sample of 880 participants in a Health and Demographic Surveillance System in the Harari Region, Ethiopia, from August to September 2021. Principal components analysis was used to create a score representing knowledge of COVID-19 prevention. Quasi-Poisson regression was used to examine associations between demographic characteristics and knowledge of COVID-19 prevention. Our survey also included information regarding knowledge of community or government measures to prevent COVID-19, healthcare services for children under five, and healthcare services for pregnant women. Results: The most cited individual measures to reduce the risk of contracting COVID-19 were washing hands with soap (91.5%) and wearing a facemask (89.2%), whereas least mentioned were avoiding domestic and international travel (22.2%) and wearing medical gloves (20.3%). The most recognized community or government measures to prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission were closure of schools and universities (77.0%), advice to avoid gatherings (75.2%), and advice to stay home (62.3%). Adjusted analyses demonstrated that knowledge of COVID-19 prevention was higher among participants from rural areas than urban areas, those aged [≥]65 years (<25 years as reference), with secondary education (no formal education as reference), with monthly income of [≥]2,001 Birr (0-1,200 as reference), and were farmers or domestic/subsistence workers or government employees (unemployed as reference). Knowledge was lower among households with [≥]5 household members (1-2 as reference). Of households with children under five and pregnant women, 9.4% and 12.3% missed at least one medical care visit since mid-March 2020 consequent to the pandemic, respectively. Conclusions: Public health interventions to reduce infectious disease transmission depend on perceptions of risk and knowledge. The survey found that most adults had good knowledge of methods for reducing risks of COVID-19, although knowledge differed between groups. A substantial number of respondents reported missing important healthcare visits. Understanding these factors may help Ethiopian authorities plan effective health education programs to control community and household transmission of SARS-CoV-2.


Comparisons of the west Pacific subtropical high and of the south Asia high are made in terms of NCEP/NCAR and ECMWF 500 hPa and 100 hPa monthly geopotential height fields of Northern Hemisphere during the period 1961~2000.Discrepancies are found especially around the year 1980.The west Pacific subtropical high in NCEP/NCAR data is less intensive than that in ECMWF data before 1980.The range and strength of the west Pacific subtropical high variation described by NCEP/NCAR data is above those depicted in ECMWF data.The same situation appears in the 100hPa geopotential field.These discoveries imply that the interdecadal variation of the two systems may not be true.Besides,the South Asia high center in NCEP/NCAR data is obviously stronger than that in ECMWF data during the period 1969,1979~1991 and 1992~1995.Furthermore,the range is larger from 1992 to 1995.


Background Massive haemoptysis is a rare symptom ofcoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Management can be very challenging due to the lack of clear recommendations. Case description We report a case of massive recurrent haemoptysis in a young patient who tested positive for COVID-19 with successful management using endovascular embolization. Discussion Life-threatening massive haemoptysis has rarely been reported as the only manifestation of COVID-19. Embolisation was the therapeutic option chosen to manage this emergency. LEARNING POINTS Haemoptysis is a rare atypical presentation that can reveal COVID-19, highlighting the complexity of its pathogenesis. Atypical manifestations should raise suspicion for COVID-19. In this patient with COVID-19, life-threatening massive haemoptysis was successfully treated with endovascular embolisation.


The article deals with the foreign experience in the implementation of the modernization changes in the conditions of a totalitarian, authoritarian and democratic decision-making model. The assess of the effectiveness of managerial decisions leadership of Germany, Chile and United States at various stages of political development is given.


This bibliography identifies and describes social science literature published since 1970 on suburban racial housing discrimination in the United States, emphasizing materials published since 1990. Attempts by suburbs using zoning or other means to exclude affordable and/or public housing, and real estate and lending industry discrimination are covered, as are studies of the spatial mismatch hypothesis, or suburban jobs/housing imbalance. Included as well are studies of efforts to oppose discrimination, such as fair housing enforcement, fair share housing, and the open suburbs movement. The bibliography consists of 321 annotated entries in four groups: bibliographies and reference sources, monographs (pre-and post-1990), and journal articles, with author, geographic, and subject cross-references.


In this paper we describe a program (SOPHTY) implementing QED corrections to decays in the HERWIG++ event generator. In order to resum the dominant soft emissions to all orders, the program is based on the YFS formalism. In addition, universal large collinear logarithms are included and the approach can be systematically extended to incorporate exact, process specific, higher order corrections to decays. Due to the large number of possible decay modes the program is designed to operate, as far as possible, independently of the details of the decay matrix elements.


Abstract Inn healthy subjects, endogenou s glucose production adapt s to short term starvation (<< 24 h) by a decreas e in glycogenolysis , whereas gluconcogenesi does not change.. In type 2 diabetes mellitus plasma glucose concentration decrease s faster duringg short term starvation. To evaluat e the adaptation of glycogenolysi s and gluconcogenesis to a short extension of the postabsorptiv e state, we compared in sixx patient s with type 2 diabetes mellitus plasma glucose concentration , endogenou ss glucose production and gluconeogenesi between 16 to 20 hours of fastingg versus between 20 to 24 hours of fasting. Endogenou s glucose production wass measure d by infusion of |6,6-H2]glucose, and gluconeogenesi by administrationn of H20. Between 16 to 20 h of fasting, plasma glucose concentrationn as well as endogenou s glucose production decrease d by 16% due to a decreas ee in glycogenolysi s by 43%. These changes occurred without changes in glucoregulator yy hormones or FFA. Between 20 to 24 h of fasting plasma glucose norr endogenou s glucose production changed. Glycogenolysi s decrease d by only 8%% (p< .05). whereas gluconeogenesi increased by 10% (p< .05). Plasma concentationss of FFA increased by 31%. These changes were associate d with a decreas ee in C-peptidc levels. These data demonstrat e that in type 2 diabetes mellitus.. the adaptation of glucose concentration to the postabsorptiv e state is at leastt in part caused by a fall in glycogenolysis . Subsequently , glycogenolysi s decrease ss only minimally and a further decreas e in endogenou s glucose production iss prevented by an increase in gluconeogenesis . Therefore, the pattern of changes in glycogenolysi ss and gluconeogenesi induced by short term starvation differs betweenn patient s with 2 diabetes mellitus and those previousl y published in healthy controls. .


The invention relates to a television channel identifying method which comprises the following steps of: acquiring a captured image of a television image; determining a matching area of a television station caption in the captured image of the television image, or capturing a matching graph of the television station caption from the captured image of the television image; acquiring the graph of the television station caption from a database; putting the graph of the television station caption into the matching area of the television station caption in the captured image of the television image, or putting the graph of the television station caption into the matching graph of the television station caption to retrieve the graph to obtain the matching probability; and identifying the television channel according to the matching probability obtained by retrieving the graph. Compared with the prior art, the television channel identifying method applying for protection has the advantages that the channel of the television station playing a program right now can be determined without using the channel information included in an interactive television signal, and the television channel to play the program immediately can be determined by identifying the television station caption on the television image without matching the channel with the audience rating.


Nano-NiCuZnCo2O4 with mean size of ~18 nm was synthesized; its structure was analyzed by XRD, Raman, IR, and UV-visible spectroscopy techniques. As an efficient catalyst for thermolysis of AN, 2%...


Pinus mugo shrubs on peat bogs in the Tatra National Park (TNP) were for the first time described as a separated plant association by Obidowicz (1975) from only two mires. Since then, there have been no studies on peat bogs in the TNP and they have not been mentioned in the list of vegetation types of the Park. The research regarding the dwarf pine shrubs on mires in the Tatra Mountains was carried out in 2019. We mapped all patches of such vegetation (total – ~2 ha) on which we made 26 relevés. P. mugo shrubs on peat bogs occur within the complex of mire habitats, such as Norway spruce bog woodlands, raised bogs and poor fens. The shrub layer is dominated by Pinus mugo with admixture of dwarfish Picea abies. Typical plants of the herb layer are Vaccinium myrtillus, V. vitis-idaea, Eriophorum vaginatum and Oxycoccus palustris, whereas the most common mosses are Sphagnum magellanicum, S. capillifolium, S. russowi, Pleurozium schreberi. P. mugo shrubs on peat bogs in the TNP belong to the association Sphagno magellanici-Pinetum mugo.


The electrical responses of 55 nm silicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-silicon (SONOS) memory cells have been investigated under cryogenic conditions, and the changes of the read curves of SONOS in AC mode (programmed/erased with pulse voltage) and DC mode (programmed/erased with direct voltage sweeping) at low temperatures are compared. The experimental results show that with the decrease of temperature, the subthreshold swing of SONOS decreases, whereas the on-state current of SONOS increases. The difference in AC and DC operations causes the threshold voltage of the read curve to drift accordingly, leading to the different change in the memory window. However, in both modes of operations, the efficiencies of programming and erasing decrease at cryogenic temperatures. It is analysed that the reduction of programming efficiency at cryogenic temperatures is caused by the decrease in the quantity of pre-tunnelling electrons. The reduction in erasing efficiency is attributable to the suppression of the Poole-Frenkel effect at low temperatures, which makes it more difficult for electrons to be de-trapped.


USWMM was developed as a drainage analysis system for estuarine urban areas by adding sluice gates on existing EPA SWMM5 through this study. For the purpose of reviewing, Ansungchon river was modeled with USWMM and calibration and verification were attempted at three observation stations. In comparison, another approach using HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS was applied to the area under the same condition. It turned out that USWMM resulting values were closer to the observed values than those of the HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS approach. USWMM's flow simulation through sluices were more realistic to sluice operation fields by adding incomplete submerged orifice flow equation and maintenance water level. In sum, USWMM can be seen as a general purpose tool for estuarine urban drainage analysis system.


The nonequivalence of the diastereotopic isopropyl methyl groups in di-isopropylphenylsilyl-lithium up to 185 °C indicates that the barrier to inversion about silicon in the silyl anion is > 24 kcal mol–1.


The ability to effectively manipulate magnetic particles is of great importance for biological and chemical applications. To achieve improved controllability of magnetic particles in a microsystem, this paper proposed a hybrid magnet system consisting of integrated microconductors and external permanent magnets for producing a special gradient magnetic field. Finite-element numerical simulations were carried out to map the magnetic force distribution in the region of interest around microconductors for eight configurations of the hybrid magnet system. Then, these simulation predictions were qualitatively illustrated by microscopic visualizations of the concentrated positions of magnetic particles in the experiments. Results show that either attracting or repelling forces acting on magnetic particles can be generated by use of the hybrid magnet system and magnetic particles can be captured toward different regions, which are relevant to both directions of currents flowing in the microconductors and external uniform magnetic fields generated by permanent magnets.


The atomic absorption spectrophotometry have been applied to the measurement of Mg recently, and it becomes possible to determine Mg exactly. The atomic absorption spectrophotometry yields the successive presentation of reports on the metabolism of Mg under normal and abnormal conditions, and Mg has been recognized to have an important meaning clinically. However, in the realm of pediatrics, the research on Mg-metabolism in relation to dehydration have been seldom reported, and no reports are on the fluctuations of Mg in the extracellular and intracellular fluids. The author has obtained, in an experiment with rabbits, the following results about the fluctuations in Mg-quantity in intracellular and extracellular fluids in the plasma, corpuscles, muscles, bones and urine by way of atomic absorption spectrophotometry before and after fasting in a state of dehydration. Normal values of Mg in the rabbits are 1.83f0.15 mEq/L in plasma, 6.98f0.33 mEq/ L in corpuscles, 25.46k1.89 mEq/100 g wet weight in muscles, and 95.54k4.44 mEq/l00 g dry weight in bones. The Mg-excretion in urine is 0.59f0.07 mM/kg/24 hours. The concentration of Mg in plasma indicated a marked decrease under absolute fasting which was kept for 24 hours in one group and for 48 hours in another. There was a positive correlation between the Mg-concentration in plasma and K-concentrations in corpuscles and plasma under absolute fasting. The Mg-concentration in corpuscles did not indicate marked fluctuations under absolute fasting. The Mg-concentration in muscles indicated marked decrease under absolute fasting which was kept for 24 hours in one group and for 48 hours in another. There was a positive correlation between the Mg-concentration in muscles and Mgconcentration in plasma and K-concentration in corpuscles under absolute fasting. The Mg-concentration in bones under absolute fasting did not indicate marked fluctuations. The urinary excretion of Mg decreased along with the process of fasting. The urinary N/Mg indicated a trend of increase along with the process of fasting and displayed a negative correlation between the urinary N/Mg and the body-weight reduction rate. The results mentioned above will be summarized as follows: Under absolute fasting, the Mg-concentration in plasma decreases rapidly, and the Mg in the cells moved out into the extracellular fluid so as to prevent the decrease of the Mg concentration in plasma. Furthermore, it seems that the Mg-homeostasis is maintained by mobilizing the Mg in bones, when the concentration of Mg in plasma and cells decreases.


2011 Open Neurology We would like to address two points in this letter: 1)the current best-evidence indicates no causal relationship between spinal manipulation ('chiropractic maneuver' in the paper) and vertebrobasilar artery (VBA) stroke, and 2) spinal manipulation or 'chiropractic maneuvers' are not major head/neck trauma as suggested in abstract of this article. Mosby, et al VAD in a patient practicing self manipulation of the neck 2011 J Chiro Med Case study: 42 yo female with "worst headache of her life" for 12 days. Wuest, et al Preliminary report: biomechanics of VA segments C1-6 during SMT 2010 JMPT The engineering strains during cervical spinal manipulations were lower than those obtained during range of motion testing, suggesting that neck manipulations impart stretches on the VA that are well within the normal physiologic range of neck motion Gardner Cauda equina syndrome:a review of the current clinical and medico-legal position. 2010 Eur Spine J CESR: 50-70% complete urinary retention CES-I: 30-50% incomplete urinary retention. Rare with a disproportionately high medico-legal profile Severe low back pain (LBP) Sciatica: often bilateral but sometimes absent, especially at L5/S1 with an inferior sequestration Saddle and/or genital sensory disturbance Bladder, bowel and sexual dysfunction Murphy Current understanding of the relationship between cervical manipulation and stroke: what does it mean for the chiropractic profession? 2010 Chiropr Osteopat The understanding of the relationship between CMT and VAD and stroke [VADS] has evolved considerably over the years. In the beginning the relationship was seen as simple cause-effect, in which CMT was seen to cause VADS in certain susceptible individuals. This was perceived as extremely rare by chiropractic physicians, but as for more common by neurologists and others. Recent evidence has clarified the relationship considerably, and suggests that the relationship is not causal, but that patients with VADS often have initial symptoms which cause them to seek care from a chiropractic physician and have a stroke some time after, independent of the chiropractic visit.


Transparent Eu3+ and Tb3+ doped gadolinium barium borosilicate glasses were synthesized by the high-temperature melting technique. The luminescence performance was studied by transmittance, photoluminescence excitation and emission spectrum, and decay time curve. The optimal concentration of Tb3+ ions in gadolinium barium borosilicate glasses was also determined. With the increase of Tb3+ ions concentration, the lifetime of Eu3+ decreases from 1.77±0.005 ms to 1.56±0.005 ms. The minimum and maximum of the critical distance Rc of rare earth ions in gadolinium barium borosilicate glass is calculated. Therefore, the energy transfer mechanism of rare earth ions in gadolinium barium borosilicate glass is multipole-multipole interaction.


Existing acoustic thermometers are often implemented using speaker-microphone systems, which are power-consuming and inconvenient to operate. Here we demonstrate a simple speakerless acoustic thermometer, which is an acoustic Fabry–Perot resonator (AFPR) consisting of a tubular acoustic waveguide and a microphone whose diaphragm acts as a reflective surface of the AFPR. Theoretical analysis shows that the resonant frequency (RF) ( fm ) at a given mode order (m) for the AFPR is a linear function of m with the slope (Δf/Δm) depending on the ambient temperature. Therefore, when the linear relationship between fm and m for the AFPR is measured, the ambient temperature can be determined from its slope. The values of fm at different m can be easily obtained by using the AFPR to detect ambient white noise rather than the sound signal from a loudspeaker. The thermometric performance of the prepared AFPR was investigated in a range of temperatures from −17 °C to 60 °C. The measured temperatures show the mean absolute error below 0.9 °C relative to those simultaneously obtained with a commercial electronic thermometer. As experimentally demonstrated in this work, the AFPR can detect extremely weak white noise in the anechoic room and thus enables to accurate measure the ambient temperature there, attributable to its ultrahigh pressure sensitivity at each RF. The advantages of simple structure, low power consumption, convenient operation, and high detection accuracy offer the AFPR outstanding applicability for on-site temperature measurements in various environments.


Appendicitis is the most common cause for abdominal surgeries among all age groups worldwide. Significant research papers were published concerning the techniques through which appendectomy is done. Open appendectomy has been the gold standard treatment for acute appendicitis and has been known as a safe practice with relatively low rate of postoperative complications. However, in the last few decades, laparoscopic surgery has developed widely with the advent of minimal surgical invasion and is now more increasingly prevalent intervention. In this study, we aim to report on previous literature on laparoscopic and open appendectomies that were carried out in Saudi Arabia and compare the efficacy, safety and complications of performing laparoscopic and open appendectomies including mean operative time, mean hospital stay and prevalence of postoperative complications, mainly, wound infection and intra-abdominal infections. PubMed database and EBSCO Information Services were used for articles selection. All relevant articles to our review with the topics regarding the appendectomy procedures; both open, laparoscopic, and other articles have been used. We excluded other articles, which are not related to this field. The data will be extracted according to specific form in which it is going to be reviewed by the group members. The study found out that mean operative time was shorter in open procedures than laparoscopic one making it open appendectomy the faster intervention. Mean hospital stay was found to be significantly less in LA than OA patients. Indicated higher rate of intra-abdominal infections in the LA patients than OA ones, while wound infections are mainly present in OA cases in the reference studies.


The invention provides a fluorin-containing POSS acrylate polymer. The fluorin-containing POSS acrylate segmented polymer resin has a structure shown by M'-M-M', wherein the M' is a fluorin-containing acrylate structure unit; and M is an irregular polymerization unit containing active group acrylate and POSS acrylate, and the fluorin-containing POSS is fluorin-containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane. The invention also provides a method for preparing the fluorin-containg POSS acrylate polymer and a paint containing the fluorin-containing POSS acrylate polymer. The preparation method adopts the POSS acrylate monomer with lower cost and fluorin-containing acrylate monomers to prepare the fluorin-containing POSS acrylate polymer with fluorin-containing acrylate structure units distributed on the two ends of the polymer by controlling the adding sequence of the fluorin-containing acrylate monomers, and has the advantages of simple process and low cost; and the prepared paint has low surface energy and high fouling resistance.


SUMMARY

Settling and take-off behaviour of Sitobion avenae was studied in the laboratory using infested and uninfested wheat at a range of developmental stages.

Of the later developmental stages of wheat alate S. avenae preferred to settle on and gave birth to relatively more offspring on flowering and watery-ripe plants.

The time to take-off of alatae which matured on wheat was influenced by both the developmental stage of their host plant and the degree of crowding they experienced. All alatae flew but those isolated on flowering plants stayed longer than those crowded or isolated on any of the other developmental stages tested. Similarly the number of offspring produced before take-off was inversely related to the degree of crowding and positively to the time spent on a plant before take-off.


In tests in Hawaii in 1968, the mating competitiveness of male Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), reared in the laboratory and treated with 10,000 rad gamma irradiation as pupae 2 days before adult emergence, was reduced 50%. Females treated in the same way were not affected. Also, sterilized males initially responded to mating stimuli later in the normal daily mating cycle than normal males, and the time of the peak of mating activity of both treated sexes was delayed.


Through introducing the main characteristics of MRB as well as combining with practical work,MBR was recommended as an new-type technology of middle-water recycle that it has advantages in both of project applications and economic benefits.Meanwhile,MBR technology for the reuse provides a reference to the process.


These objectives have been pursued throughout the duration of the study 1) to study the principals' use of Power, 2) to study the teachers' job satisfaction and 3) to investigate the relationship between principals' use of Power and teachers' job satisfaction in Basic Education High Schools in Pakokku Township, Myanmar.In this study, the quantitative research method was used. The questionnaire survey was carried out in this study. After reviewing the related literature thoroughly, a set of questionnaires to collect the required data was developed based on Principals' Use of Power of (French Jr & Raven, 1959) and Teachers' Job Satisfaction of (Sepector, 1994). The reliability coefficient (Cronbach α) was 0.753 for the principals' use of Power and 0.988 for the teachers' job satisfaction. The Principals' use of Power modified by the researcher and the teachers' jpb satisfaction was validated by exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis and showed the good model fitting and had validity for the use in the study.Three hundred and four teachers were selected as subjects from the four Basic Education High Schools in Pakokku Township by using the random sampling method. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the collected data. The principals' use of Power and the teachers' job satisfaction that perceived by teachers were determined as the mean value and standard deviations. Moreover, independent samples T-test and the Pearson-product moment correlation coefficient were utilized.The principals' use of power (strong level, Mean=3.78, SD=0.318) and the teachers' job satisfaction (high level, Mean=3.83, SD=0.777) that perceived by teachers and the relationship between principals' use of Power and teachers' job satisfaction were identified in this study. There were statistically significant differences in the use of Power and teachers' job satisfaction grouped by the school location (uban and rural). There was a typical association between principals'' use of Power and teachers' job satisfaction ( p <.01). Quantitative findings also suggested that the higher the principals' use of Power, the better the teachers' job satisfaction. This study gave valuable new insights into that the principals can know which types of Power should be used in the appropriate situations while working with their subordinates.


On the basis of the available evidence, the World Health Organization (WHO) has concluded that there is no reliable evidence that the routine use of episiotomy has a beneficial effect, but there is clear evidence that it may cause harm. The aim of this study was to assess whether episiotomy rates in New South Wales are achieving the WHO goal by examining trends in episiotomy rates and determining potentially modifiable factors that are associated with an increased risk of episiotomy. (non-author abstract)


This article concerns decision making by bargaining in systems at the levels of groups, organizations, societies, and supranational systems.

A 2 × 2 × 2 (conflictual or peaceful × strong or weak × cooperative-competitive or competitive-cooperative) factorial design was used to examine the effects of the prior relationship between the bargaining parties, constituent pressure on the bargaining representative, and the counterpart's strategy. The dependent variables were subject decisions in the bargaining simulation, attitudinal factors, and future intentions. Data were collected from 160 male subjects in a laboratory simulation of group interactions. The task consisted of assuming the role of a management bargaining representative and making ten bargaining decisions on various issues. Results indicated that a cooperative-competitive counterpart strategy gave a higher level of overall subject cooperation, but a more competitive final decision, a less favorable attitude toward the counterpart, and less willingness to retain the counterpart in future bargaining. Strong constituent pressure produced greater subject competitiveness, but a more negative attitude toward the constituent. Peaceful prior relations resulted in a more cooperative initial decision, but did not affect the overall level of cooperation. Interactive effects showed that subjects encountering a cooperative-competitive strategy and conflictual prior relations were more willing to participate in future bargaining when they received strong constituent pressure. Conversely, if a competitive-cooperative strategy and peaceful relations occurred, there was more willingness to participate in the future when weak constituent pressure existed.


By a happy coincidence,this year, in which we are commemoratingsomepioneermedical women of the University of Sydney,is the hundredthanniversaryof the first appearance of a woman's name in the register of medical practitioners in England. The name was that of Elizabeth Blackwell, an Englishwomanwho although a graduateof an American university becameeligible for registration in England under a special clause of the recently passed Medical Act. Dr. Blackwell was visiting England in 1858 with the intention of assisting in a movement to give opportunities of training to women, and opportunities of using such training when acquired. One of the weapons sheusedin her campaignwas the delivery of three lectures entitled "Medicine as a Professionfor Ladies". A member of her audiencewas a young woman of twenty-threewho as Dr. ElizabethGarrett Andersonwas to becomethe most famous pioneer among British medical women.


Single electron devices utilizing the Coulomb blockade phenomenon have attractive features such as extreme low power consumption, one by one electron flow controllability, small device size, etc. However, besides promising applications such as the current standard and charge detection, it is not easy to apply the single electron devices to conventional computational tasks due to its stochastic operation and low amplification capability. Therefore, it is important for us to consider suitable applications of single electron devices. In this paper, we show three applications such as a noise generator, a stochastic neural network, and a charge detector employing stochastic resonance. Trough these applications, we see the advantages of single electron devices and study the direction of applications. [Article copies are available for purchase from InfoSci-on-Demand.com]


Generative adversarial networks (GANs) are one of the most robust and versatile techniques in the field of generative artificial intelligence. In this work, we report on an application of GANs in the domain of synthetic spectral data generation, offering a solution to the scarcity of data found in various scientific contexts. We demonstrate the proposed approach by applying it to an illustrative problem within the realm of near-field radiative heat transfer involving a multilayered hyperbolic metamaterial. We find that a successful generation of spectral data requires two modifications to conventional GANs: (i) the introduction of Wasserstein GANs (WGANs) to avoid mode collapse, and, (ii) the conditioning of WGANs to obtain accurate labels for the generated data. We show that a simple feed-forward neural network (FFNN), when augmented with data generated by a CWGAN, enhances significantly its performance under conditions of limited data availability, demonstrating the intrinsic value of CWGAN data augmentation beyond simply providing larger datasets. In addition, we show that CWGANs can act as a surrogate model with improved performance in the low-data regime with respect to simple FFNNs. Overall, this work highlights the potential of generative machine learning algorithms in scientific applications beyond image generation and optimization.


Abstract: A two‐dimensional risk assessment system for sexual offenders was created that can classify them for risk of sexual recidivism, risk of nonsexual violent recidivism, and the composite risk of reconviction for sexual or nonsexual assaults. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses of separate follow‐up samples were used for cross‐validation. The system is easier to score than Static‐99, and substantially easier to score than the VRAG or SORAG, while yielding comparable predictive accuracy in cross‐validation samples with follow‐ups from 2 years to 19 years. ROC AUC coefficients between .74 and .81 were found for the different scales and samples.


Background: Handgrip is a predictor of physical fitness, hand functions, and nutritional status. It is affected by many factors including age, sex, body mass index, and hand dimensions. Aims  and Objectives: To assess the handgrip strength among medical students and to examine its correlation with body mass index and hand dimensions. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 256 students of both sexes selected from College of Medicine, Basrah University, Iraq using non-probability purposive sampling method. Their anthropometric parameters including height, weight, and hand dimensions were assessed using routine techniques. The handgrip was measured by using a handheld dynamometer. Hand preference was determined by asking which hand was used to write. Results: The mean age of the participants was 21.1 ± 1.9 years. The mean of handgrip strength was 34.1 ± 11.9 Kg. Males had significantly (P <0.001) greater handgrip strength than females. Statistically significant correlation was detected between body mass index, hand dimensions and handgrip strength. The right-handed students scored significantly higher grip strength with their preferred hand. While among left-handed students, no significant difference in handgrip strength was noticed between left and right hands. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender, hand span, height, and body mass index were independent determinants of handgrip strength. They accounted for 70.6% of the variation in handgrip strength. Conclusion: A significant effect of body mass index and hand span on handgrip strength among medical students was observed. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(1) 2018 21-26


In this thesis we investigated the effect of the chemical environment as well as different theoretical approaches in predicting the surface enhanced Raman Scattering-charge transfer (SERS-CT) spectra. The discovery of SERS and its enormous enhancement factors in 1974 raised questions about the underlying enhancement mechanism. The charge-transfer mechanism of SERS is believed to be the fundamental mechanism creating the distinctive pattern of SERS and is local to the adsorption chemistry of the molecule. However, the challenges of SERS-CT experiments make it difficult to study the effect of each of these variables on SERS-CT selection rules. Therefore, computational modelling of the SERS system and its environment is a crucial part of understanding this mechanism. A thorough computational study of SERS-CT calls for detailed assessment of different approaches, approximation and methods involved in calculation of the spectra. In this thesis we have used the time-dependent approach to the transition polarizability that is used to calculate SERS intensities and treated the excited PES the same as the ground state, only with a displaced minima.
In chapter 3, we have investigated the chemical nature of benzene-like derivatives on the pattern of SERS-CT spectra measured at different electrode potentials. The results are compared with the experiment and the computational factors involved are analyzed.
In chapter 4, defining factors in the adsorption chemistry such as direction of the electrode potential and adsorption orientation and bond length are investigated for Pyridine.
In chapter 5, we have investigated the vibronic coupling effects in SERRS spectra by calculating the Herzberg–Teller contribution to intensity for 4,4′-Diaminotolane. Finally, chapter 6 investigates resonance Raman spectra for various organic molecules using the density functional tight-binding (DFTB) method as an efficient approximation to DFT methods.
In this thesis we have shown the validity of the employed theoretical and computational approaches in predicting resonance Raman and SERS-CT spectra, which makes this approach a reliable candidate to accompany studies of chemical enhancement and selection rules of SERS. In addition, the considerable contribution of the Herzberg–Teller term to the intensities is an interesting case that shows the limitations of the frequently used Frank-Condon approximation. This encourages us to seek this contribution in other challenging systems with dominant CT effects. The acceptable performance of DFTB method in predicting the resonance Raman spectra opens a window of opportunity for the resonance Raman and SERS study of model systems with more realistic substrate size and large biological molecules, on its own as an initial step or combined with ab-initio or molecular dynamic methods.


Canada has now experienced one federal election under a new regime of platform costing by the parliamentary budget officer (PBO). Other countries, with considerably more experience in this regard, have adopted rather different approaches to public costing of party election promises. Discussion of any amendments to Canada's approach should be informed by that international experience. Specifically, some other countries have more clearly articulated the obligations of government departments in platform costing and managed the pressures that come with doing detailed, technical analysis under the time constraints of the writ period.


661.500 EUR - Wonderful sunny new build 4 bedroom Alpine chalet for sale, walking distance to Le Biot centre. Panoramic mountain views.


The primary goal of Minimalist Program is an explanation of language phenomena and unveiling of the nature of language.The paper is a case study of HAVE paradigm with the aid of decompositional approach to HAVE,discovering that a certain variety of surface structures is reducible to the interaction of a single underlying structure and independently established principles.It will shed light on other languages in this respect,thereby reducing to independently established principles of Universal Grammar,by dealing with the variety of uses and the properties of the verb HAVE in English.The primary finding is that all HAVE constructions have essentially the same structural derivation corresponding to P+BE,and the main difference lies in that HAVE has different substructures as the specifier of PP complement,combined with semantic and pragmatic constraints.


What linear slides and stages are the most innovative in the marketplace? Why? Linear slides that meet the technical and commercial demands of customer needs are the most innovative in the marketplace. The demands that I constantly hear are enhancements to performance, the ability to perform in adverse environments and a quick "selection-to-delivery" cycle. Enhancements in performance include increased footprint-to-load capacity ratio and longer system lengths, along with improvement in positioning accuracies and repeatability. Linear slides are being deployed in adverse environments, and customers expect them to survive with Linear Motion Q&A CUSTOMIZED MACHINERY BUILT WITH OFF-THE-SHELF COMPONENTS


Abstract : The application of a thyristor (a four-layer P1-N1-P2-N2 semiconductor structure) as an optical detector is explored. Based on laboratory experiments which demonstrated that this device produces a pulse-mode output to incident light, the thyristor is investigated by comparing the existing theory of static forward-biased operation to simulation results obtained using ATLAS by Silvaco, Inc. The results include identification of the holding point on the IV curve by simulating the junction potential across each junction as a function of current, and demonstration that impact ionization is not a critical factor in thyristor operation. A series of simulations were performed which show that the thyristor can be optimized for use as a detector by decreasing the emitter efficiencies by decreasing the doping in the P1 and N2 layers, or by increasing the doping in the P2 layer; the switching voltage can be controlled by selecting the doping and thickness of the N1 layer. A detector device was designed to allow further testing of the thyristor detector using the ABN CMOS process from AMI Semiconductor via the MOSIS service. The design of this device is discussed and simulated IV curves are presented.


................................................................................................................................... 11 Zusammenfassung .................................................................................................................... 14 1. General Introduction and Research Questions .............................................................. 17 1.1 Physical Activity in Adolescents ................................................................................... 17 1.1.1 Definition of Physical Activity ............................................................................ 17 1.1.2 Physical Activity Recommendations and Epidemiology .................................... 19 1.1.3 Measurement of Physical Activity ...................................................................... 21 1.1.4 Open Research Questions with Respect to Physical Activity ............................. 29 1.2 Barriers to Physical Activity in Adolescents ................................................................. 30 1.2.1 Definition of Barriers to Physical Activity .......................................................... 31 1.2.2 Theories Embedding Barriers to Physical Activity ............................................. 32 1.2.3 Measurement of Barriers to Physical Activity .................................................... 33 1.2.4 Review of the Barriers-Physical Activity Findings in Adolescents .................... 36 1.2.5 Open Research Questions with Respect to Barriers to Physical Activity ........... 38 1.3 Physical Activity and Depressed Affect in Adolescents ............................................... 39 1.3.1 Definition of Affect ............................................................................................. 39 1.3.2 Theories of Affect................................................................................................ 42 1.3.3 Measurement of Affect ........................................................................................ 46 1.3.4 Review of the Physical Activity-Depressed Affect Findings in Adolescents ..... 49 1.3.5 Open Research Questions with Respect to Depressed Affect ............................. 52 1.4 ADHD as a Moderator of the Physical Activity-Depressed Affect Link in Adolescents ................................................................................................................... 54 1.4.1 Definition of ADHD ............................................................................................ 55 1.4.2 Measurement of ADHD Symptoms .................................................................... 56 1.4.3 Review of the Physical Activity-Depressed Affect Findings in Adolescents with ADHD ......................................................................................................... 57 1.4.4 Open Research Questions with Respect to the Physical Activity-Depressed Affect Link within Adolescents at Risk for ADHD ............................................ 59 2. Manuscripts I–III: Summaries ....................................................................................... 61 2.1 Summary for Manuscript I ............................................................................................ 62 2.2 Summary for Manuscript II ........................................................................................... 66 2.3 Summary for Manuscript III .......................................................................................... 69


An approach for accurate analytical solution of a two degree-of-freedom nonlinear dynamical system coupled with a strongly nonlinear restoring force is presented here. The approach is based on the application of the local equivalent linear stiffness method (LELSM) to linearize the nonlinear coupling stiffness in the system based on the nonlinear frequency calculation. Consequently, the system can be decoupled into two forced single degree-of-freedom subsystems by replacing the nonlinear coupling force with a forcing function where the solution can be analytically obtained. Different combinations of the positive and negative linear and cubic stiffness components are considered in the nonlinear coupling force. For all considered stiffness combinations, the obtained analytical solution strongly agrees with the numerical simulation of the system. In addition, the internal resonance is found not to significantly affect the accuracy of the analytical solution.Copyright © 2014 by ASME


Making decision is quite a difficult process especially when you are working with medical diagnostics. You should take into account enormous different factors starting with outward symptoms a patient has and finishing with the full medical examination of the patient. In this report is explained how to create a linguistic model that will allow diagnosing correct diagnosises to patients.


Abstract One of the most important issues that must be taken into consideration during the operation of distribution network is improving the network reliability. This objective can be achieved by connecting energy storage systems (ESSs) to the network; the correct size and location of these ESSs cause enhancing of the system reliability. This paper proposes an efficient methodology based on the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) to determine the optimal size and location of ESSs in a distribution network so as to minimize the total annual cost of system comprising the cost of energy not supplied (ENS), the ESSs' investment costs and operating costs. The proposed methodology is applied to two radial distribution systems, a 30-bus, 11-kV system and a 69-bus, 12.6-kV system. The results obtained via the proposed GWO are compared to those obtained via classical approaches, dynamic programming (DP), and meta-heuristic algorithms (PSO). In the case of a 30-bus network, the total cost is saved by 14.12% from the base case, network without ESSs; and, in the case of a 69-bus system, the cost is saved by 39.03%. Additionally, particle swarm optimization (PSO) and artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithms are programmed and their results are compared with those obtained via the proposed GWO. The obtained locations and sizes of ESSs encourage the usage of the proposed methodology due to its ease and efficiency in solving the optimization problem under study.


Vegetative compatibility among 13 isolates of Trichoderma representing seven species were evaluated in vitro in order to provide information on the use of multiple of Trichoderma as biological control agents. The study indicated high degree of vegetative incompatability. The incompatabible interactions represented 80% of the total number of interactions and characterized by zone of inhibition, overgrowth, intermingling, demarcation lines and ridges of conidia which recorded the following occurrence 27, 21,19.15, and 15% respectively. Concerning to compatible interactions which represented 20%, their incidence between self pairings was more frequently (14%) than between non-self pairings (6%). Trichoderma isolates showed non-self compatible interactions were utilized to induce strain improvement through the formation of somatic hybrids by co-culturing. Somatic recombination trial indicated that all the tested fusants were morphologically similar to one of parental species, Variable changes in the mycelial growth, sporulation and pigmentation were observed as well as in biological activity, but no significant increase in the activity was accomplished after fusion. The hybrid being generally less active than their parental species. [Ilham M. El-Refai, Saida M. Amer, Susan M. W. Assawah and Mohamed S. Draz. Vegetative compatibility and strain improvement of some Egyptian Trichoderma isolates. Life Sci J 2013;10(3):187-197] (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 31


In the past eight years the multinational, multimedia conglomerate Clear Channel has come to exemplify what opponents of media deregulation predicted would happen as a result of the Telecommunications Act of 1996. Before 1996, Clear Channel was merely an obscure regional player in radio and TV. Today, on the strength of $22 billion in acquisitions, the company is an international powerhouse that dominates the radio, concert and live theater industries, and is a major owner of TV stations. Clear Channel has a long history with Bush family politics, exclusively promoting a conservative agenda, and regularly engaging in partisan politics. Still, the company is somewhat unique among its peers because it has quickly developed a near-uniform reputation as a bad actor and has drawn comparisons to Wal-Mart because of the way it victimizes workers, competitors, communities, and consumers. The company is overwhelmingly nonunion, and actively seeks to undermine work and employment standards for its employees. Clear Channel presents a huge organizing challenge to unions, because left unchecked, many of its worst cost-cutting practices threaten to become the industry standard.


Access control models are implemented to mitigate the risks of unauthorized access in Electronic Health Records (EHRs). These models provide authorization with the help of security policies, wherein the protected resource is governed by one or more policies that exactly specify what attributes a requester needs to fulfill in order to obtain access. However, due to the increasing complexity of current healthcare system, defining and implementing policies are becoming more and more difficult. In this research-inprogress paper, we present an Activity Theory driven methodology to formalize access control policies that can be used in enforcing patient's privacy consent in a healthcare setting. In order to account for the transitivity in health workflows, we extend the Activity Theory to include "organizational interconnectedness" within the health workflows.


This paper concerns the problems of dynamic response of the semi-infinite stationary mode III cracks in bonded materials subjected to dynamic load. Two kinds of semi-infinite cracks are considered that either lies along or perpendicularly terminates the interface of two half-plane dissimilar materials perfectly bonded together. The stress fields near the crack tips are analyzed in which the propagations of the different stress waves are illustrated. The results show that the standard square root singularity of stress distribution is valid for the interface crack but untenable for the crack perpendicular to the interface.


Urban green spaces (UGS) form an important component of the urban environment. They provide a range of environmental, health, and social services that improve the quality of life in cities. The World health Organization recommends a minimum standard of 9m2 of green space per capita in a sustainable City. Unfortunately, green spaces are not being provided to match the growing urban population. This study analyzed green spaces in Eldoret Central Business District (CBD) and its environs against its urban core population to determine whether the per capita green space available makes significant contribution to its urban life. The research used remote sensing data from Google earth taken in July 2014 and Spatial Analysis tool in ArcGIS 10.1. The results reveal that the available green spaces cover 465,567m2, an area equivalent to 26% of the total study area, and a per capita value of 2.5m2. The available green spaces therefore, do not make significant contribution to urban life due to its low per capita availability. They fall below the WHO recommended standard of 9 m 2 per capita, indicating a shortage of 6.5m 2 per capita green space- an equivalent of approximately 1,676,041 square meters of green space. As a result urban planning should focus more on expansion of green spaces especially within the Central Business District towards a sustainable town.


The Adriatic Sea is a semi-enclosed sea of the European side of the Mediterranean, covering 138 595 km2 and containing 35 000 km3 of sea water (LUŠIĆ & KOS, 2006). It exchanges its waters with the greater Mediterranean through the Otranto Strait at an approximate rate of 3.3 years (FRANIĆ, 2005), although turnover time varies from 1-5 years when determined with A set of spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images and geographic information system (GIS) can significantly contribute to monitoring and identification of oil spills floating on the sea surface. Initially, the GIS has been proven as an excellent management tool for resources assessment, oil spill response and planning, and damage assessment, but the possibilities of GIS mapping also integrate geographical, remote sensing, oil & gas production/infrastructure data and slick signatures detected by SAR. Data from different sources such as nautical charts, geo-databases, ground truth and remote sensing data combined in GIS reveal offshore/onshore oil sources, and estimate the intensity and evolution of oil pollution. SAR and GIS together can significantly improve identification and classification of oil spills, leading to the product oil spill distribution maps. This approach, applied successfully in different water basins, can also be applied to oil spill monitoring/ mapping in Croatian waters of the Adriatic Sea – it can contribute to understanding the spatiotemporal distribution of oil spills in the Adriatic Sea and be an ideal tool for an oil spill monitoring system. In the framework of the Croatian initiative towards regional cooperation in the Adriatic Sea, such an approach represents a good national opportunity. In this paper, the properties of SAR imagery, as the most reliable source of oil spill information, are described. The possibilities of a combined SAR-GIS approach to oil spill monitoring and GIS databases as a management tools for the protection of the Adriatic Sea are discussed.


Opening address.- Welcome addresses.- More than five years of GPS-experiments - Rethinking of geodesy.- President of the "Arbeitskreis Triangulation of the "Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Vermessungsverwaltungen der Lander der Bundesrepublik Deutschland".- Geodetic applications with GPS in Norway as part of a global cooperation.- GPS geodesy with centimeter accuracy.- Relativistic effects in GPS.- Relativistic models of phase and Doppler observations of electromagnetic signals.- The use of GPS at IGN : Geodesy, geophysics, engineering.- GPS applications of CTS.- Ageden - An application of GPS for geodynamic investigations in Austria.- Investigation of an alternate method of processing global positioning survey data collected in kinematic mode.- Experiences with the WM 101 GPS receiver.- Aland GPS levelling experiment in 1987 preliminary report on the results.- Experiences with TRIMBLE receivers in the control network of the F. R. G..- Campaigns with WM101 in Austria 1987.- Results on long baselines in Europe preliminary comparisons with laser and VLBI solutions.- Supervision of the control network of the federal republic of Germany with macrometer 1983 - 1985 - KONMAC -.- Simulations with the software package of darmstadt for kinematic applications - Some numerical results with a WM 101 -.- An introduction to GPS and its geodetic applications.- System and hardware oriented aspects of GPS- applications.- GPS as local geological control and national geodetic control.- Present state of the Donav campaign.- Modeling of phase center variation and its influence on GPS-positioning.- Hiking and biking with GPS: The Canadian perspective.- Status of dual frequency GPS development at Trimble Navigation.- Kinematic surveying.- Technological utilization of space with special regard to navigation satellite systems.- The antenna exchange: One aspect of high-precision GPS kinematic survey.- GPS geodesy and kinematic topography measurements and data processing.- Developments for the operational use of gps in kinematic modes.- Terrestrial and aircraft differential kinematic GPS positioning.- Field validation of GPS phase measurements.- Static positioning with the global positioning system (GPS): State of the art.- GPS carrier phases and clock modeling.- World: A multipurpose GPS-network computer package.- PC preprocessing of GPS - TI 4100 navigator data.- Geodynamics of Iceland studied with the aid of terrestrial geodetic and GPS experiments.- Present state of the central Andean GPS-traverse ANSA.- Remarks to the establishment of a regional GPS-tracking network.- Recovering Earth Rotation Parameters with GPS.- A note on monitoring tectonic plate motion using GPS and classical techniques.- Determination of azimuths from GPS measurements and comparison with common methods.- The European tracking network.- World geodetic system 1984 - geodetic reference system of GPS orbits.- Several aspects of solar radiation pressure.- TOPAS a new GPS adjustment system for multistation positioning and orbit determination.- Covariances in 3D network resulting from orbital errors.- A brief summary of the panel discussion at the international GPS workshop Darmstadt 1988.- Recommendations.- MINI-MAC 2816 dual frequency receiver.- Kinematic land survey demonstration international GPS workshop - Darmstadt, West Germany April 10-14, 1988.- The international GPS-workshop field tests.


Aim: The goal of this study was to compare associations between clinical and ECG predictors of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) response with electrical dyssynchrony. Methods: Body-surface potentials were recorded using a 120-lead system in 4 patients (age 62 ± 12 y, left ventricular ejection fraction (L VEF) 29 ± 5 %; QRS duration 154 ± 19 ms) with post-myocardial infarction scar and left bundle branch block before CRT implantation. A patient-specific heart-torso model derived from MRi with 291 heart-surface nodes was developed. Electrical dyssynchrony index (EDl) was computed as the standard deviation of activation times on the epicardium while uncoupling index (Ul) was measured as the diference between the activation times. Results: QRS duration correlated with mean activation time (r = 0.977; P = 0.023), but did not correlate with EDl or VI. L VEF inversely correlated with activation time at the lowest 20th percentile (r = - 0.960; P = 0.040). Sum absolute QRST integral (SAl QRST), measured on orthogonal XYZ ECG, correlated with EDl (r = 0.955; P = 0.045), and characterized late-activated area of the left ventricle.


BACKGROUND
Three-dimensional (3D) printing for subclavian artery (SA) percutaneous vascular interventions (PVI) may allow superior understanding of patient specific complex anatomy and aid with preprocedural planning.

METHODS
Five patients with computed tomography angiography (CTA) of the neck who underwent SA PVI were queried retrospectively. 3D printing of aortic arch and great vessels was accomplished with 3D slicer software and painted with acrylic paint to highlight anatomic features. The aortic arch type and implications for preprocedural planning for SA interventions including complex chronic total occlusion (CTO) lesions were determined. Comparisons were made with SA angiograms and 3D-CTA.

RESULTS
Of the 5 patients, type I (n = 2), type II (n = 1), and type III (n = 2) aortic arches were identified. Proximal and distal reference vessel size and total lesion length were determined using a digital millimeter caliper and correlated with intraprocedural balloons and stents. In 3D-printed models (3D-PMs) of patients with SA-CTO (n = 2), cap morphology (tapered vs blunt) and distal vessel filling were visualized, permitting optimal arterial access site selection for successful cap crossing. The vertebral arteries (VAs) were also 3D printed which further allowed the ability to delineate optimal stent deployment site (proximal or distal to VA), a common dilemma that is faced intraprocedurally. The 3D-PMs also allowed preprocedural precision in stent and balloon size and length, potentially leading to procedural efficiency and cost-effectiveness.

CONCLUSION
3D printing of aortic arch and great vessel anatomy for SA-PVI allows multiple procedure-related factors to be predicted in advance, translating to decrease in contrast volume, radiation time, procedure and fluoroscopic time, thereby improving procedure and cost efficiency.


The paper is concerned with the effect of applied macrostress on the magnetic characteristics of pipeline steels. Magnetic hysteresis parameters are examined as a function of tensile stress, tangential stress, and internal pressure. The study is performed on the hot-rolled 1010 steel alloyed with Mn and Si, widely used in Russia, on the X42SS steel designed specially for operation in hydrogen-containing media and on the X70 steel produced by controlled rolling and intended for heavy-duty trunk pipelines. The results obtained are discussed in terms of the development of nondestructive physical techniques for the diagnosis of the current state of pipe material in course of operation.


The invention relates to a method utilizing nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) to improve planting effects of garbage compost matrix turfs, which comprises adding 20g of prepared compost in each culture dish, and adding an ammonia carboxy chelating agent with the concentration of 5-20mmol/kg into compost matrix; then selecting festuca arundinacea seeds, enabling the number of the seeds in each dish to be 50; placing the culture dishes where the seeds are sown in a laboratory to germinate the seeds, watering the seeds for once respectively in the morning and in the evening each day, often exchanging positions of the culture dishes to guarantee conformity of illumination, and on the seventh day after germination, determining germination rate and germination index. Research results prove that low-concentration NTA can promote germination of lawn plants, NTA of 5-10mmol/kg can improve the germination rate and the germination index of the festuca arundinacea seeds, but along with further increase of the NTA concentration, the germination of the seeds is restrained, and when the concentration of the NTA is 25mmol/kg , the germination of the lawn plants can be remarkably restrained.


A variety of dual-mode ridge cavity filters are presented. The resonances that exist in the dual-mode cavities with all the perturbations present are used to represent and design the filter. Different arrangements which produce similar field distributions are used. Since the degenerate modes of a lossless dual-mode cavity can not be coupled but only rotated, or have their field distributions changed in a complex way, different mechanisms are used to affect such rotations. The first consists in adding standard perturbations or "coupling" elements. The second version consists in physically rotating an almost square ridge. Good results are obtained.


This article is devoted to the analysis of instability as one of the possible states of a social system. The work notes that imbalance within social systems and among them, manifestations of real or potential instability always take place in any society. As a rule instability is a sign of some unsolved problems, dysfunctions and deformations in real social life. Instability of a system is destruction or disruption of its integrity, deformation of the structure and functions. However, there is a different viewpoint of instability, when it is considered a means of the situation stabilization.


The dating shows,"Let's Meet" by Hunan TV,"If You Are the One" by Jiangsu TV,have caught lots of audience since the beginning of 2010,and the audience rating is mounting to zenith." If You Are the One" has changed from once a week to twice a week,and the audience rating increases to a remarkable 2.61%.Such TV shows have attracted people's attention,because of their new forms,contents,and full of personality colors.Simultaneously,the problems hide behind have been largely concerned.Therefore,this article tries to speculate such problems through analyzing the development of such TV programs and the reasons why they are so popular,and summarize a few conceits for them in TV show.