In a culture that idolizes celebrities, wealth, and people of authority, it is easy to forget that these people are equally capable of committing crimes, even heinous crimes, like anyone else. Although extensive literature has explored the effects of race, socioeconomic status, and attractiveness on perceptions of rape defendants, few studies have considered the influence of celebrity status on people's perceptions of events related to rape [1]. The current study focuses on elite serial rapists rapists that have engaged in sexual assault in at least two separate incidents with two or more victims. When rapists have an elite status, whether it is a result of wealth, occupation, or fame, they have an easier time keeping their victims quiet and continuing to get away with rape. This is of paramount importance because people that have an elite status are enabled to commit violent crimes against the powerless with little repercussion. Violent crime statistics show rape as a decreasing issue, but there are now questions as to whether this decline is due to police departments' under-reporting rape incidents [2]. Further, since many victims go through their lives without reporting a sexual assault, it is unknown exactly how many people are victims of rape each year. According to previous studies, it has been shown that police departments of varying jurisdictions are undercounting instances of rape by discounting allegations as unfounded [2].


(57) Abstract: After turning (modified with) Objective wound with two-ply Sakimaki film winding core, by forming a capacitor element by winding a metallized film therebetween, the film width is 190mm and more, the thickness can be prevented wrinkles during the winding of the following metallized polypropylene film 15 [mu] m, to improve the corona onset voltage, enabling stable quality. [Configuration] In the metallized film capacitor, a winding core destination winding film metallized polypropylene film and two sheets, the thickness of 15μm or less and the width between each 190mm After inserting the above metallized polypropylene films, it is characterized by being configured to cut the Sakimaki film


ZEISS is an internationally leading technology enterprise operating in the optics and optoelectronics industries. The ZEISS Group develops and distributes semiconductor manufacturing equipment, measuring technology, microscopes, medical technology, eyeglass lenses, camera and cine lenses, binoculars and planetarium technology. With its solutions, the company constantly advances the world of optics and helps shape technological progress. The Microscopy business group is the world's only one-stop manufacturer of light, X-ray and electron microscope systems. The portfolio compromises solutions and services for the life sciences and materials research as well as for industry, education and clinical practice.


THE ENDURING SIZE and semi-subsistence character of Poland's agricultural sector continue to be a cause of concern even as the country prepares to enter the EU later this year. Although underpinned by a variety of historical and social forces, the survival of such activity from World War II into the twenty-first century has been largely the result of extensive transfer payments. Reducing this fiscal burden, stimulating agricultural restructuring and promoting rural development in order to spread the benefits of transformation more widely might be expected to be high on both the EU and Polish policy agendas. However, efforts to date in this area, whether financed from domestic or international sources, have certainly not been successful and the aptness of the stimulus provided by the final terms of membership agreed in Copenhagen in December 2002 might be questioned. This article seeks to identify the key components of Poland's agricultural restructuring and rural development problem and to address the issues raised by the country's forthcoming accession to the European Union. Given the widely publicised, protracted and frequently acrimonious course of the negotiations regarding Poland's agriculture chapter, it is perhaps surprising that there remains some dispute about the actual size and structure of the country's farming community. The first section of this article offers a critical examination of the underlying debate and statistics. Notwithstanding certain claims to the contrary, it is evident that Polish agriculture represents one sector that has been largely immune to the forces unleashed by the post-communist transformation. The third section of the article highlights the more significant barriers that have impeded market-driven change and left the country with a population of farmers that is suspicious of and frequently feared by many in the current EU. The tensions thereby created fuelled lengthy accession negotiations that were concluded only at the Copenhagen Summit in December 2002. The history of these discussions forms the subject matter of the following section. Even after the terms of Poland's entry, including those relating to agriculture, had been agreed, there remained one final hurdle to overcome, namely acceptance of the terms in a domestic referendum. Section Five charts the course of Polish public opinion on membership, with particular reference to the agricultural terms that have been on offer over time, and considers the role that agriculture played in the ultimately affirmative plebiscite. A concluding discussion closes the article.


This project studied a new heat pump system utilizing the Seebeck effect for electric potential generation using the Compound Parabolic Concentrator (CPC). The major objective of the study was to prove the baseline concept through experimental studies. The important results from the first year study included design and fabrication of a laboratory-scale solar thermoelectric generation system.
The final generation capacity was 200Watt of solar thermoelectric generation.
The experimental testing system has been built to include CPC, circulation pump and cooling tower, and the instrumentation system included watt-hour meter, temperature sensor, flow meter, calorie meter and data acquisition system by the Hewlett-Packard VEE Program. The result of final test is to upgrade the generation system efficiency more than 60% through reverse engineering of the current system. The final goal in future is to design and build a commercial generation system.


An investigation of the bituminous coal dissolution phenomena has been undertaken in order to develop information which would be useful in the design and scale-up considerations for a commercial liquefaction plant. The experimental data of this study were derived from pilot plants using various coal liquefaction processes. The data were analyzed in order to better understand the phenomena which occur in the preheater and reactor sections during the liquefaction of coal. Two different stages were found to exist in the coal dissolution reactions. In the initial stage of coal dissolution, a first-order reaction scheme is proposed, whereby coal undergoes a fast thermal reaction producing preasphaltene as the predominant product. Conversion for this reaction is calculated based on the amount of pyridine solubles formed. The rate coefficient for this stage is found to follow an Arrhenius type temperature dependence with an activation energy of 48 approx. 55 Kcal/g-mole. In the second stage of coal dissolution, a slower first-order rate expression is proposed in which the preasphaltene is converted to benzene solubles with subsequent rehydrogenation of the coal-derived solvent. A semi-empirical correlation for the dissolution rate coefficient in the second stage reaction is presented, which reasonably accounts for the effects of temperature, more » hydrogen partial pressure and of particular importance - reactor hydrodynamics. However, the rate coefficient was found to be practically independent of coal particle size. Finally, the rate of hydrogen absorption during coal dissolution is modeled by assuming that the gas and liquid phases are in equilibrium at the interface. The overall gas absorption coefficient was found to be a function of superficial gas velocity. « less


Directed by the basic thought of modular design,the secondary development on AutoCAD was carried out by the language of Visual Basic.The CAD System of gear reducer was developed.Parameterized design,drawing database management and the computer aided process planning of gear reducer were integrated by this ystem.The quality and efficiency of design,drawing,and process planning were improved significantly.


Myasthenic patients are expected to develop more severe COVID-19 respiratory symptoms compared to the general population because of both respiratory muscle weakness and the possibility of an immunocompromised state related to immunotherapy. During a pandemic like COVID-19, such situation requires meticulous attention, as the entire population is potentially at risk of exposure. However, there is no data on best management for myasthenic patients with COVID infection.


This paper proposes a new approach to explain the dominance—in the Islamic banking market—of markup contracts at the expense of sharing ones. We show that the dual pricing practised in this market produces an additional—or artificial—dimension of adverse selection, which is causing the sharing contracts' marginalization. We suggest specialized use of two Islamic contractual categories as a device for eliminating artificial adverse selection. We suggest also an endogenous calculation of the markup, that is independent of the interest rate, based on the financing cost unification. This approach allows the deduction of default and liquidity risk premiums.


Abstract : If India has the desire to become a leader among nations does it possess the capabilities to assume a key leadership role in the new world order? The purpose of this paper is to examine India's current abilities and its potential. The first test is a comparison of India against a body of states that are recognized as world leaders - the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council. The examination continues with an assessment of India's strength through an analysis of its diplomatic clout information dominance military might and its economic vigor. This paper also reviews the United States relationship with India and concludes with recommendations for both the United States and for India.


Ribonuclease 9 (RNase 9) is a member of the ribonuclease A superfamily, which is mainly expressed in the epididymis. However, it has no ribonucleolytic activity and its function remains unclear. Immunofluorescence experiments showed that the localization of RNase 9 protein on the sperm surface has moved from the neck to the acrosome cap during capacitation and acrosome reaction. Chlortetracycline staining was used to assay the role of RNase 9 on capacitation and acrosome reaction. The spontaneous acrosome reaction induced by progesterone could be suppressed by RNase 9 protein and the acrosome reaction ratio was 6.5±1.2%. Furthermore, exposure of spermatozoa to RNase 9 protein reduced the level of cyclic AMP significantly during the acrosome reaction. Taken together, we confirmed that RNase 9 protein could impair sperm function, including capacitation and acrosome reaction, and had potential role in male reproductive toxicity.


Abstract Degradation processes for TBT in natural waters, sediments and biota have been reviewed. Environmental degradation is principally biologically mediated and probably follows first‐order kinetics. Many studies have shown that TBT is not persistent in most natural waters. However, the tendency of TBT to accumulate in sediments and biota implies that degradation processes operating in sediments and biota will be of greater importance in determining the overall persistence of TBT in the marine environment. Recent studies indicate that TBT is very stable in heavily contaminated sediments and may continue to exert toxic effects after primary anthropogenic inputs have stopped.


Introduction Agriculture sector contributes 12 per cent to GDP and also it provides employment to about 34 per cent of the labour force in Sri Lanka. The paddy crop contribr-rtes 15 per cent ol agricultural output. which is the highest contribution made by any single agricultnral commodity. Since Ampara district is one of the major paddy cultivating regions of Sri Lanka, it contributes around 20 per cent of the total paddy production of the lsland.Around 45 per cent and 35 per cent of total population are directly and indirectlv inr,,olved in paddy cultivation in the district (Planning Secretariat.Ampara. 2010). Ampara District is in the dry zone and has two seasons of paddy c,.rltivation. with the help of the Caloya River Valley ir:rigation infrastnrctures.


A healthy creative arts industry can contribute significantly to the economic and social fabric of a community. Unfortunately, regional areas often suffer from a lack of supply and demand for the creative arts. This article explores the demand for the creative arts in three regional locations in Victoria, Australia, using three broad dimensions of demand: attitudes towards the arts; frequency of participation in the arts and level of expenditure on the arts. The analysis of demand patterns uses the general modelling approach of Lévy-Garboua and Montmarquette (1996) as a basis and makes use of the ordered probit class of models for its statistical analysis. The study confirms that individual levels of demand are contingent on a range of demographic characteristics and also identifies factors such as festival attendance and increased past creative arts expenditure as being important determinants of demand for the arts.


A calibration model of near-infrared spectrum(NIRS) was established based on partial least square(PLS) method in order to determine rapidly the glycerin content in high concentration refined glycerin.The optimum number of factors was 4,the correlation coefficient(R2) of the model and the root mean square error of cross validation(RMSECV) were 99.12% and 0.027,respectively.Then the model was tested and evaluated,the result showed the R2 of the test set was 99.17%,the root mean square error of prediction(RMSEP) was 0.023,and the relative standard deviation(RSD) was 0.04%.


According to Gartner's Hype Cycle, gamification is poised for large-scale adoption in the coming years. The construct of gamification has received considerable interest, especially in the context of learning. Over the past five years, research in the area has grown. The current study looks at consolidating the conducted research and attempts to provide a snapshot of the work carried out in the last five years. The chosen studies have explored the role of gamification in learning activities and have attempted to provide empirical evidence to support gamified learning. The purpose of the study is to review existing literature, in terms of the outcomes, outcome variables, context of the study, and research methodology used. This would not only add to the knowledge in the field but would also guide future research. Additionally, practitioners would benefit from a consolidated view of five years of research into the practice of gamification.


The practice of 5S has been adopted by many organizations as a method to organize the workplace towards reducing waste and improving productivity. Moreover, the practice also promotes a safe and efficient environment in organisations. As safety performance of the workplace is among the key issues in most industries including universities to become world class organizations, this study seeks to address empirically the impact of 5S practice on safety management performance. In this context, a survey questionnaire is employed and distributed to 60 employees of the selected university to examine the employees' perception on the adoption of 5S practice as well as the impact of 5S practice towards safety management performance. The questionnaires were validated by a pilot test with an acceptable value of Cronbach's alpha. Overall findings highlight there was positive perceptions toward 5S practice among the respondents. The results also revealed that 5S Audit has a very strong positive correlation with safety management performance. Furthermore, 5S Training and Top Management Commitment were (2) factors that strongly correlated to safety management performance. These factors are highly important in contributing toward the success of safety management performance. Additionally, since most of the employees were not exposed with Occupational Safety and Health (OSH), this study reveals moderate negative correlation between compliance to OSH Requirements and safety management performance.


The present application provides a combined cycle system and an operating method there, and a corresponding heat recovery steam generator. The combined cycle system may include a heat recovery steam generator with a first low pressure section and a second low pressure section, a steam turbine with a low pressure steam section in communication with the second low pressure section of the heat recovery steam generator, and a duct burner positioned upstream of the heat recovery steam generator.


The present study aims to chart out the linkages between high-performance HR practices, psychological climate, their effect on employees' work engagement and citizenship behaviour at work place, and ultimately the enhancement of organisational effectiveness. It is a study of IT organisations which have been keen to focus on strategic HR interventions and are willing to incorporate employees' perceptions of their work environments in order to better understand the conditions that augment work engagement and positive work behaviours. Data were collected from 250 IT professionals. The results indicate that, while high-performance HR practices indeed play a leading role in augmenting organisational effectiveness, organisations need to focus upon individuals' psychological processes and aspirations at work. In the context of IT organisations, the study reveals that human resource managers should also take into account employees' psychological well-being at workplace while formulating HR policies and practices that can enhance organisational performance outcomes and effectiveness.


&NA; Editor's note: At the tenth‐anniversary celebration of Nurses Evangelical Fellowship in Taiwan, Hsin‐chun Mao and Li‐ling Yang presented the findings of their research study. As I listened through an interpreter, I was impressed with the implications of this research for nurses in North America. Many of our patients today no longer hold a Judeo‐Christian worldview. As alternative therapies, with their underlying spiritual assumptions, continue to grow in popularity, we will see an increasing number of patients demonstrating the spiritual behaviors described by Mao and Yang. I asked them to translate the research findings for JCN. The report below is only an abstract. Transiation has proved tedious and time‐consuming. We have gone through several revisions and requests for additional information, trying to clarify cultural and language difficulties, as well as the research design. While the information is by no means complete, I believe that the findings in this article as it stands are extremely important for JCN readers.


messages religious people receive, but avoids placing people into overbroad groupings (religious traditions) by utilizing religious identities and focusing on very specific values and beliefs. Finally, in contrast to the lack of attention to religious communication within the Psychological and 3Bs traditions, the Social Networks Approach argues that, "religious influence may be found primarily in the local house of worship and that political communication is the primary mechanism for exerting this influence" (p. 26). Yet questions linger about whether individuals with distinct political views find like company, or if political communication in social networks influences opinions. Again the experimental method may help disentangle how religion influences public opinion. More generally, Djupe and Calfano call for scholarship that engagesmultiple theoretical approaches to understanding the way religion influences public opinion and highlight areas where experimental research designs promise to discriminate among them. The core of the book consists of eight chapters (some written with additional coauthors), each reporting experiments designed to assess the religious effects of political communication in different domains. The experiments are survey-based, but involve a variety of sample types (convenience samples of university students, purposive samples of specific religious groups, and full probability samples of the national electorate). Chapters 2 and 3 concern the use of religion by political elites. Chapters 4 through 7 concern evaluations of the public arguments of religious elites. And Chapters 8 and 9 concern communication from clergy. In each of these chapters there is ample evidence that conservative messages can have conservative effects among religious people. However, there is equally strong evidence that liberal messages can have liberal effects among religious people. For example, in Chapter 2 the authors find that when political candidates use God talk (language that is recognizable as "religious" only to religious people, e.g. biblical phrases that are not explicitly religious) support among Evangelical voters increases—but does so equally well whether or not the candidate in question is described as a Republican (p. 59). And In Chapter 4, when Evangelical elites explain having arrived at pro-environmental positions through careful biblical study or prayerful consideration, support for the need to address global warming increases dramatically among Evangelicals (even though it decreases when Evangelical elites take proenvironmental positions but do not cite a process accepted by the community for arriving at the position, p. 105). I am undoubtedly making too much of the fact that many of the findings reported in God Talk undermine a unidirectional (e.g. more religion equals more conservative) model of religious influence. While the authors certainly frame things to highlight this contribution, the greater contribution is surely the consistent evidence they produce indicating communication matters in religious contexts. In chapter after chapter, carefully designed experiments find effects observational studies routinely fail to detect. For example, in contrast to theminimal clergy effects found in observational studies, Chapters 8 and 9 report on experiments in which robust clergy effects emerge. The pessimist worries that life is not like the survey-based experiment. Listening to a sermon is very different than reading a prompt or a vignette and one rarely has occasion to express an opinion about foreign intervention or immigration immediately after hearing about "inclusive" or "exclusive" religious values. More optimistically, one might view the experimental evidence as proof clergy—and communication in religious settings more generally—can matter. Even more optimistically still, God Talk reveals that communication does matter when investigators look in the right places. The experiments are highly nuanced and the designs reflect careful thought about messenger characteristics (e.g. Evangelical identity, clergy status), message content (e.g. was the expressed position of a religious elite arrived at through prayerful consideration, how was the issue framed in the sermon), and receiver characteristics (e.g. religious affiliation, frequency of worship). Clearly communication in religious contexts is highly nuanced. Accordingly, it is also true that the results are complicated, often involving three-way statistical interactions. The authors do readers a great service by providing results in graphic form, but most of the graphs involve multiple contingent effects and one needs to know which comparisons to make to identify each contingent effect. Readers should lean heavily on the text as they interpret the results. Because the authors have worked hard to explain their results, the complexity of the research is not a defect. On the contrary, I would not be surprised if observational studies uncover similar effects if care is taken to incorporate each of these factors (messenger, message, and receiver characteristics) in the design. In this way, God Talk will benefit the field both by stimulating additional use of the experimental method and by informing design choiceswhen observationalmethods are used. This is a great book for religion and politics scholars, it will lead to much discussion in seminars, and will surely stimulate greater use of the Psychological and Social Network approaches. The authors' conclude, and I agree, "If there is an emerging perspective on religious influence, it clearly will be devoted to careful thinking about religious communication (exposure), exploring the various combinations of message and messenger" (p. 214).


Simple Summary The evaluation of regional/sentinel lymph nodes (LN) plays an important prognostic role and assists the clinical decision making in canine cancer patients; thus, surgeons are frequently asked to perform regional/sentinel lymphadenectomies together with management of the primary tumor sites, even when these are non-palpable and/or normal size LN. Several techniques have been described to localized regional/sentinel LN in a pre-surgical setting. The wire-guided localization is commonly used to localize non-palpable breast masses in women, with the aim to reduce surgical dissection and excision of unnecessary tissue and to reduce surgical time. This study describes the use of an ultrasound-guided hook-wire localization method to facilitate intraoperative localization of non-palpable superficial inguinal LN. The results of the present study suggest that this method is safe and effective and may allow a high rate of successful superficial inguinal LN excisions in dogs. Abstract The evaluation of loco-regional lymph nodes (LN) plays an important prognostic role and assists the clinical decision making in canine cancer patients. Excision of non-palpable LN can be challenging. The aim of the study was to evaluate surgical time, successful excision rate and surgical complications associated with the use of an ultrasound-guided hook-wire (UGHW) LN localization method for non-palpable superficial inguinal LN (SILN) in dogs. Dogs that presented for excision of non-palpable SILN, performed with the aid of an UGHW placement, were enrolled. Information including signalment, SILN width, UGHW placement and surgical procedure time, hook-wire position, successful excision and intra- and post-operative complications were reviewed. Seventeen dogs were enrolled. Median LN width was 3 mm (range 2–11). Median time of preoperative UGHW placement and surgical LN excision was 8 min and 15 min, respectively. Successful SILN excision was achieved in all cases. Two minor intra-operative (hook migration and wire fragmentation) and one minor post-operative complications (seroma) were observed. No major intraoperative or post-operative complications occurred. The UGHW LN localization method is safe and effective and may allow a high rate of successful SILN excisions in dogs. This method has the potential to facilitate LN excision for other superficial LN locations.


Prison as the place of work of the Prison Service staff is a specific workplace due to both the nature of the prison community as well as the infrastructural and architectural solutions deployed to protect prison officers. Considering the spatial features of a penitentiary unit and their role in the due performance of Prison Service tasks, it seems quite relevant to seek an answer to the question: How does the physical space of a prison contribute to the stress experienced by prison officers? The issue in question is rooted in M. Mendel's concept of pedagogy of place, symbolic interactionism and S. Hobfoll's conservation of resources theory. Inquiry into a research problem of this kind seems reasonable taking into account the infrastructural and spatial aspects of the surroundings that can be potential stress drivers. In April 2021, a group of 58 prison officers were surveyed based on the Stress Perception Questionnaire and the author's questionnaire. Relationships between the variables have been established through the use of correlation, significant difference test and variance analysis. The results revealed that the essential spatial characteristics of a penitentiary unit associated with the perception of stress by Prison Service staff are those features that relate to the penitentiary unit's functional aspects covering the specific technical and protective safeguards. These results formed a premise for designating higher-risk staff groups, with regard to which preventive programmes aimed at counteracting the negative effects of stress experience should be considered


Lightweight metal matrix composites are synthesized from elemental powder mixtures of aluminum and magnesium using pressure-assisted reactive sintering. The effect of the reaction between aluminum and magnesium on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the composites due to the formation of β-Al3Mg2 and γ-Al12Mg17 intermetallics is investigated. The formation of the intermetallic compounds progressively consumes aluminum and magnesium and induces strengthening of the composites: the yield and compressive strengths increase with the increase of the content of intermetallic reinforcement at the expense of the plastic deformation. The yield strength of the composites follows the iso-stress model when the data are plotted as a function of the intermetallic content.


Abstract This study investigates the relationship between librarians' purchases and the actual preferences of library patrons based on usage. Using ten years of purchase history, we reviewed how print and ebook preferences have changed over time and what role, if any, discipline plays in format preferences. This information will be used to help subject librarians across various disciplines to make informed print and ebook purchases, relying on actual patron preferences rather than guesswork.


Here we demonstrate deep-subwavelength metamaterial optical cavities with anomalous scaling laws, by incorporating indefinite metamaterials with hyperbolic dispersion. Cavities with sizes down to ~ λ/12 and high effective refractive index of 17.4 are realized.


The present research explores an outline to children's literature by discussing the history and growth of these texts which dominated the literary world. The influence of fantasy texts determines the children's books and authors idea in developing the literature into the modern stage. The authors of Children's literature texts open an opportunity for the children to understand the reality from the imagination. This current research examines the fantasy writing and the methods wherein unconventional worlds are used in The Chronicles of Narnia. Whereas C.S. Lewis uses eccentric world to actual dissimilar ends, one to escape the present world and other comprise with the problems which turn into an alarm in this modern world.


Graphene is a 2D material with a honeycomb lattice structure made of sp2 bonded carbon atoms. Graphene is essentially the mother of all graphitic materials - it can be formed into buckyballs and nanotubes, etched into nanoribbons, or stacked into bulk graphite. The properties of graphene that have researchers excited [1-2] include its excellent mobility[4-5,8], long mean free path, high thermal conductivity [9], high mechanical strength, high surface area to volume ratio, width-dependent bandgap [3,6], and high current carrying capacity [17]. Most of these properties are also true for carbon nanotubes (CNTs); however, graphene also has the advantage over CNTs . if graphene can be produced as a single two-dimensional sheet, it allows for easy patterning and can be integrated into the processes used in silicon integrated circuit manufacturing. As a truly 2D material, graphene has been of theoretical significance for more than 60 years. The discovery of graphene isolated from graphite in 2004 [1] proved that a 2D material such as graphene can exist in a flat state on a substrate rather than curl up as previously thought.


* Joint first authors listed alphabetically 1. Graduate Program in Biophysics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. 2. Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. 3. Program for Research in Mathematics, Engineering and Science for High School Students (PRIMES) and Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program (UROP), MIT, Cambridge Massachusetts, USA. 4. Program in Computational and Systems Biology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.


Yan Xishan was the only contemporary celebrity in the 38 years in charge of a province's administration from the founding of the national government after the Xinhai Revolution to the day of the nationaliste' withdrawal from the mainland.During his reign,his administration left a far fetching historical influence on the province's economy,ideology,custom and culture.Its research helps to understand the province's present practice and further the reform.


IL‐1 is an important mediator of inflammation and a major cause of tissue damage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Therapeutic administration of recombinant IL‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1Ra) is efficacious in reducing clinical symptoms of disease, but suffers from several drawbacks, including the need for frequent administrations of large amounts. Here, we show that immunization of mice with either IL‐1α or IL‐1β chemically cross‐linked to virus‐like particles (VLP) of the bacteriophage Qβ elicited a rapid and long‐lasting autoantibody response. The induced Ab efficiently neutralized the binding of the respective IL‐1 molecules to their receptors in vitro and their pro‐inflammatory activities in vivo. In the collagen‐induced arthritis model, both vaccines strongly protected mice from inflammation and degradation of bone and cartilage. Moreover, immunization with either vaccine showed superior efficacy than daily administrations of high amounts of IL‐1Ra. In the T and B cell‐independent collagen Ab transfer model, immunization with the IL‐1β vaccine strongly protected from arthritis, whereas immunization with the IL‐1α vaccine had no effect. Our results suggest that active immunization with IL‐1α, and especially IL‐1β conjugated to Qβ VLP, might become an efficacious and cost‐effective new treatment option for RA and other systemic IL‐1‐dependent inflammatory disorders.


A novel method is presented for online estimation of the junction temperature (Tj) of semiconductor chips in IGBT modules, based on the voltage drop (VEE') across the parasitic inductor that exists between the main emitter (E) and auxiliary emitter (E) terminals. The peak amplitude of the voltage drop (VEE') was found to depend on the junction temperature at a known current and DC link voltage. Also, the collector current can be estimated simultaneously, by integrating VEE' without the use of any additional sensors. Measurement circuits were implemented to estimate Tj and the current, and their results are discussed. The results of these measurement circuits when implemented in a real power electronic (PE) converter to estimate Tj and current in real time are also presented. This method opens up a full set of new opportunities for engineers and designers to better understand the behavior and performance of high power modules in real PE applications.


The article analyses the trajectory of a group of Brazilian intellectuals froml786 to 1810, who inaugurated a systematic critique of the environmental damage caused by colonial economy in Brazil, especially forest destruction and soil erosion. These authors, schooled in the culture of the Enlightenment, adopted a theoretical framework centred on physiocratic economic doctrine and the 'nature's economy' encoded by Linnaeus. Their focus was political, anthropo centric, and pragmatic. They defended the natural milieu on the basis of its importance for the survival and progress of Brazilian society. Waste and destruction of natural resources were attributed to the rudimentary technologies and social practices inherited from the colonial system. They proposed an overall modernisation policy as the road to overcoming environmental degradation in the country


This paper proposes a new parametric model adequacy test for possibly nonlinear and nonstationary time series models (possibly with covariates) such as generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) and autoregressive conditional duration (ACD). We consider the correct specification of parametric conditional distributions, not only some particular conditional characteristics such as moments or symmetry. Knowing the true distribution is important in many circumstances: to apply efficient maximum likelihood (ML) methods to many models including GARCH and ACD, to measure and forecast the intensity of transactions arrivals which is parameterized as a function of time between past events and characteristics of past transactions and to estimate hazard function in ACD models, to estimate Value at Risk (VaR) for managing the market risk of the asset portfolios. Using the true parametric conditional distribution under the null hypothesis we transform data to uniform iid series. The uniformity and serial independence of these transformed series is then examined simultaneously by comparing joint empirical distribution functions with the product of its theoretical uniform marginals by means of Cramer-von Mises or Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistics. Checking together uniformity and iid is ∗Address: Departamento de Economı́a, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Calle Madrid 126, 28903 Getafe (Madrid), Spain. Email: igor.kheifets @ uc3m.e. I would like to thank Carlos Velasco for his comments and supervision. I also thank Donald Andrews, Oliver Linton, Yuichi Kitamura, Xiaohong Chen, Jushan Bai, Victor Chernozhukov, Taisuke Otsu, Patrik Guggenberger, Rustam Ibragimov, Anna Mikusheva and particpants of seminars at Yale and NYU for their comments and Yale faculty for their hospitality during my stay in Spring 2008. I acknowledge financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, Ref. no. BES-2006-12932 and 2007/04329/001.


The effects of different heavy metal pollutants were studied on some selected bacteria isolated from Tisza River, its catch basin and the Westsik's long-term crop rotation experiment on sandy soil (Nyíregyháza, Hungary). Several representatives of bacteria (Aeromonas, Arthrobacter, Acinetobacter, Cytophaga, Bacillus, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Micrococcus, Paracoccus, Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, Rahnella Stenofrophomonas, Streptomyces and Shewanella) were identified. 13 strains were selected for further investigations, based on their plant growth promoting activity (OLDAL et al., 2001). Sensitivity tests against different heavy metal compounds were carried out with the use of the following chemicals at different concentrations: ZnCl2, Zn(NO3)2, CuCl2, Cu(NO3)2, CuSO4, Pb(NO3)2, (NH4)6Mo7O24, FeCl3, FeSO4, Fe(NO3)3. Among the investigated plant growth promoting bacteria, 7 strains proved to have a significant resistance against the heavy metal compounds compared to the other strains: Aeromonas media W.1, Pseudomonas veronii W.7, Pasteurella sp. W.30, Pseudomonas sp. W.36, Bacillus thüringiensis C.69, and III.118, III.119; those total mean sensitivity did not show a statistically reliable difference. The inhibitory effect of heavy metal compounds on the bacterial growth is further displayed. Introduction The groundwater contamination of Hungarian sandy soil lands requires an immediate intervention. An agricultural solution for the sustainable development is the low-input farming – which keeps fertilizer use as meagre, as possible –, e.g. Westsik's crop rotation experiment for sandy soil melioration (launched by Vilmos Westsik, 1929, Nyíregyháza, Hungary – now managed by University of Debrecen, Research Branch of Agricultural Scientific Centre, Nyíregyháza, Hungary). Diazotrophic bacteria living in the plant rhizosphere can promote the biomass production of plants and stand for fertilizers first of all by fixing molecular nitrogen from the air. Diazotrophic bacteria however can help the plant growth not only by improving plant nutrition but through direct plant growth promoting (PGPR) effect. Physical and chemical characteristics of the rhizosphere environment are determined by the interaction of soils, plants, and organisms associated with the root, including bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and nematodes (ELLIOT et al., 1984; YANG & CROWLEY, 2000). Root exudates are providing the micro-organisms with the necessary nutrients; rhizobacteria on the other hand can improve the crop yields (FEDI et al., 1997; BUYSENS et al., 1999). Some rhizobacteria, which are commonly called as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), can interact with plant roots and can protect the roots against the pathogenic micro-organisms (KLOEPPER & SCHROT, 1978; LIGON et al., 2000). There are several mechanisms behind this beneficial behavior, such as the siderophore production, the fast-growing ability or the release of some antibiotic compounds. The PGPR effect therefore is the result of a complex interaction (BIRÓ et al., 1998). Under temperate climatic circumstances Pseudomonads are common and ubiquitous members of the rhizobacterial micro biota in the soils. These beneficial effects develop either as the suppression of diseases and deleterious effects caused by the soil-borne pathogens (WELLER, 1988; COOK,1993); or as a better growth and fitness due to the secondary metabolite production. Fluorescent-putida type pseudomonades therefore are the most commonly studied biopesticides (SCHWYN & NEILANDS, 1987). Such beneficial bacteria – mainly belonging to Pseudomonas genus – which are resistant against natural and man-made ecological factors can play a well-founded role among the strains selected for plant inoculation. Materials and Methods 43 Gram-negative and Gram-positive, aerobic, non-oligotroph rod-shaped bacterial strains were isolated from the 1/ rhizosphere and rhizoplane of lupine and vetch plants (26 strains, only Pseudomonas) grown in the Westsik's long-term crop rotation experiment on sandy soil (Nyíregyháza, Hungary), and from the 2a/ soil of flooded area (8 strains), 2b/ soil of river bank (9 strains) and 3/ surface water of the Upper-Tisza river (Hungary) at the following sampling places: Tivadar, Aranyosapáti, Záhony, Balsa (towns/villages along the river, in the order of North to South). Among them some places were free from pollutant chemicals, while the others were over-polluted. Table 1 Code and origin of the investigated Pseudomonas sp. strains from Westsik's long term crop rotation experiment Pseudomonas sp. types Treatments in the Westsik experiment* I. uncultivated IV. straw (26.1 t/ha/3 year) VIII. green manure (N.D.) IX. farm-yard manure (26.1 t/ha/3 year) P. aeruginosa A10; AX A5/2; A35/2; A20 A6; A9; A34 A16; A23/1; A28a; A30/2; A36 Fluorescensputida type pseudomonad es F1; F2 F4; F8; F12 F15; F22; F38 F41; F44; F47; D65; D80 *Treatments were enriched with inorganic fertilisers, as follows: I = 32.5 kg·ha N, 25 kg·ha P and 20.5 kg·ha K; IV = 50 kg·ha N, 50 kg·ha P and 16.2 kg·ha K; VIII = 50 kg·ha P and 16.2 kg·ha K; IX = 50 kg·ha N. N.D. = not determined From the soiland water samples different bacterial isolates were collected by using Ashby, King's B, Nutrient and Endo agar media with a simplified method (ANGERER et al., 1998), for achieving the largest possible diversity of bacteria, which were identified by 16SrDNA method (ALTSCHUL et al., 1997), and the conventionally used BIOLOG identification assay (BOCHNER, 1989). Table 1 shows the list of investigated Pseudomonas strains from Westsik's experiment used for further tests; Table 2 shows the identified isolates among the investigated bacterial strains, which are the type representatives of each sampling places along the Tisza River. Table 2 List of investigated strains, which were used for further tests (Note: pseudomonads were present at each of sampling places – see bold-faced text) Place of origin and distance from the pollution Species Strain code Enterobacter agglomerans B 12 Pseudomonas gassardi B 83 Tivadar Pseudomonas marginalis B 136 Acinetobacter johnsonii A 14 Aeromonas hydrophila A 106 Rahnella aquatilis A 211 Acinetobacter johnsonii A 212 Klebsiella sp. A 217 Pseudomonas synxantha A 308 Aranyosapáti Aeromonas veronii IV 313 Pseudomonas veronii D 11 Záhony Pseudomonas fluorescens D 65 Pseudomonas marginalis C 25 Bacillus cereus C 59 Bacillus thüringiensis C 69 Balsa Pseudomonas sp. C 115 In the first step the obtained individual strains were tested for plant growth promoting effect using the LETHAM's method (LETHAM, 1968) with a slightly modification. Based on their plant growth promoting activity (OLDAL et al., 2001), 13 strains were selected for further investigations, as follows in a decreasing order: W.35, Pseudomonas veronii W.7, Pasteurella sp. W.30, Pseudomonas gassardi B.83, Pseudomonas sp. C.115, Pseudomonas syringae I.110, Aeromonas media W.1, Pseudomonas veronii D.111, III.119, VI.404, Bacillus thüringiensis C.69, III.108, Pseudomonas sp. W.36. Sensitivity tests against different heavy metal pollutants were carried out by using the following chemicals at different concentrations: ZnCl2, Zn(NO3)2, CuCl2, Cu(NO3)2, CuSO4, Pb(NO3)2, (NH4)6Mo7O24, FeCl3, FeSO4, Fe(NO3)3; 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1600 μM concentration scale for each compound. The effects of the compounds on the growth of bacteria were measured by spectral photometry (560 nm) after 24 hours of incubation at 28 C in Nutrient broth. The sensitivity of strains is expressed in growth rate percentages compared to the non-treated control. Statistical analyses were made by Statgraphics 5.1 software (P5%). Results Among the bacteria investigated, Aeromonas, Arthrobacter, Acinetobacter, Cytophaga, Bacillus, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Micrococcus, Paracoccus, Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, Rahnella Stenofrophomonas, Streptomyces and Shewanella strains were identified by using BIOLOG and 16S-rDNA methodologies. From the Westsik's experiment only the Pseudomonas sp. strains were kept for further cultivation. Regarding the Tisza River, Pseudomonas strains occurred at all of the sampling places, and the most numerous representatives were the Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Acinetobacter and Bacillus species. According to the microbial isolates, Aranyosapáti city showed the highest value of microbial biomass and diversity. Among the investigated plant growth promoting bacteria, 7 strains proved to have a significant resistance against the heavy metal compounds compared to the other strains: Aeromonas media W.1, Pseudomonas veronii W.7, Pasteurella sp. W.30, Pseudomonas sp. W.36, Bacillus thüringiensis C.69, and III.118, III.119; those total mean sensitivity did not show a statistically reliable difference. The inhibitory effect of heavy metal compounds on the bacterial growth is the following (in a decreasing order): (NH4)6Mo7O24, CuSO4, ZnCl2, Cu(NO3)2, Zn(NO3)2, CuCl2, Pb(NO3)2, FeSO4, FeCl3, Fe(NO3)3. Heavy metal tolerance of the selected bacterial strains is shown through the investigational results of 7 representative strains affected by 9 heavy metal compounds (Figures 1–9; see next page). Bars in the figures are indicating the value of significant difference (SDP5%). Discussion In the present study the species composition of the river Tisza (at some remarkable polluted sites) and Westisk's long term crop rotation experiment on sandy soil (Nyíregyháza, Hungary) was established by some physiological and genetical studies (BIOLOG, 16S-rDNA methodologies). Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Acinetobacter and Bacillus strains as well as representatives from other genera (Arthrobacter, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Micrococcus, Paracoccus, Streptomyces, Shewanella, Stenotrophomonas – this genus became separated from Pseudomonas group recently) occur in the river of upper Tisza and soils of its banks and flooded area. Regarding the metallic chemicals, compounds of lead had a weaker inhibition


Chicago — Augmenting the facial soft tissues provides a different visual effect than augmenting the facial skeleton with alloplastic implants, according to an expert in facial skeletal surgery.


We present a measurement of price impact in order-driven markets that does not require averages across executions or scenarios. Given the order book data associated with one single execution of a sell metaorder, we measure its contribution to price decrease during the trade. We do so by modelling the limit order book using state-dependent Hawkes processes, and by defining the price impact profile of the execution as a function of the compensator of a stochastic process in our model. We apply our measurement to a dataset from NASDAQ, and we conclude that the clustering of sell child orders has a bigger impact on price than their sizes.


Based on statistical data during 1978 and 2008,the article studied specifically the dynamic relationship among economy growth,economic structure,energy structure,energy efficiency and carbon emission,in order to identify the most three important factors infecting carbon emission.Therefore,we utilize the low-carbon economic development of China's future prospects to choose the way of a low carbon economy.


It has been suggested that an inductive element should be added to Watkins RC equivalent circuit for the microwave noise current fluctuations at the potential minimum of a diode, and that this added element gives closer agreement with more recent work which shows a pronounced peak in noise current near the plasma resonance,a = \frac{1}{2}. This paper presents an approximate analytical argument for the inclusion of an inductive element, based on the density-function method of analysis, which predicts the proper value for the inductance and yields a curve of reduction factor vs frequency in agreement with more detailed theories. The value of the inductance is such as to resonate with the capacitance of the potential minimum ata = \frac{1}{2}. A discussion of the linearity of the potential minimum and of the idealized potential-minimum model is also included.


This research review is about the effectiveness of hot spot policing. Does hot spot policing have an effect on crime? Does only one type of crime decline? Does crime just move from one place to another? Through suitable keywords and well known databases, studies with good research designs were chosen. The result was 14 in all, 9 randomized controlled trials, 4 quasi-experiments and 1 meta-analysis. The review shows a divided picture when it comes to significance in crimeprevention. In summary: 6 studies are significantly small and 4 non-significant when it comes to the total of crime. To work problem-oriented and to work with other authorities is most effective. Only place-based work does not affect all crime, other authorities/methods are needed.


Abstract A model of teamperfbrmance is proposed in this study of 27 work teams. Specifially, data were gathered on the resources available, the organizational context, team chamcteristics, individual member disposition, work processes, outcomes as perceived by the team supervisors, and team satisfaction. The data support the model proposed. Implications for research and practice are discussed, including the importance of measuring several variables simultaneously for diagnostic purposes and including more than one source and type to evaluate team perfbrmance.


The experiment will utilize techniques that have been developed for deep underground water Cherenkov detectors during the past decade. T h e r e w i l l b e f o u r l a r g e w ater tanks located on independent sites ranging from 1 to 68 km from the neutrino source. Each tank will be equipped with a large array of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) to detect the Cherenkov radiation produced by relativistic particles traversing the water. At e a c h site the signals from the PMTs will be collected, analyzed and time marked for synchronization with the beam and the other detectors. In the rst two subsections below the physical layout and installation procedures for the PMTs are described. An outline of the tank construction is given in the next subsection, the water puriication system follows, and nally the physical plant at each site is discussed. PMT Array The PMT array m ust be able to locate the trajectory of single particles accurately in time and space and to identify each particle as a muon, electron or pizero, or to label an event as being due to a multiparticle interaction, and to measure particle momentum. A decade of experience with similar detectors has shown that a dense, regular array o f P M T s c o vering the inner surface of a volume inside the tank can accomplish this purpose 1, 2]. The other critical function is to identify tracks entering or leaving the inner volume, including tracks from the large ux of cosmic rays impinging on the detector. This function is accomplished by a secondary array of PMTs which view an annular volume surrounding the inner volume. Each tank is therefore divided into an inner and outer (veto) volume, with approximately 90% of the PMTs looking inward, and the remainder looking outward, see Fig. 1. The inner volume is 15m in diameter and 15m high. The simulation of the detector response to various neutrino interactions and the reconstruction resolutions are discussed in Chapters IV and V. To make the coverage as dense as possible in the most cost eeective w ay, i t h a s b e e n decided to use 20cm diameter tubes mounted on a 70cm 70cm grid looking inwards, and on an approximately 3m 3m grid looking out, see Fig. 2. The eeective collection area of each …


Act No. 20 of 2011 on the towers to make the legal basis for vertical residential building whose ownership is shared objects, piece together and ground together. With Improved and national economic growth are positive also helped encourage and spur improve the provision of residential development condotel in several major cities in Indoenesia this happens because of the looseness of the Government's policy on the provision of building vertical form of the apartment plus more because of market demand and the people who continue to increase, especially for the middle to high society and it is believed Developer these conditions will continue to increase and grow as global developments that occurred in the decade as it is today. Thus the government, especially the Ministry of Housing (Kemenpera) must anticipate on these developments to immediately find a solution. Fulfillment of the housing needs in the form of building vertical shape of one of them can be done through the construction of residential apartments. Apartment development policy to be one attractive option to do both by government and private sector employers as the property as part of an urban housing development in the region, especially given the increasingly expensive and limited availability of land.
Key words: Buyers, Apartments, Legal Protection.


The rule of law needs the perfect operation mechanism of the Constitution Law.The supervision of the Constitution Law is not good.And it should be improved to make political,economic and cultural works developed well.


This chapter describes how fear of radicalism defined the post-Great War Red Scare. Announcement on November 11, 1919, of an armistice ending the fighting in Europe had given Americans hope of a return to what future president Warren G. Harding would call normalcy, a renewed opportunity for the nation to enjoy its myriad benefits. Yet at least immediately this was not to be the case. Multiple manifestations of class-based dissent, in the form of strikes, protests, and horrific acts of violence, put the nation on edge. Much of the fervor focused on immigrants, as it had since the onset of industrialization, and Americans again turned their attention to the eradication of immigrant-engendered subversion. Ultimately, reaction to this Red Scare would set the stage for the implementation of new and more severe immigration policies.


The particle morphological properties of poly(vinyl chloride) produced by suspension polymerization in a pilot-scale reactor under different reflux rates have been investigated. It was found that the monomer conversion decreased with increasing reflux rate. It was also observed that the cold plasticizer absorption (CPA) increased with reflux rate, whereas the bulk density (BD) and K value of the resin decreased. SEM micrographs showed that PVC resin with a rougher particle surface, more separate aggregates, and smaller primary particles was prepared at higher reflux rates. The particle size distribution determined by laser size analysis showed that the standard deviation of the particle size distribution and the mean particle size did not change significantly with reflux rate.


Background—Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) of severely stenotic peripheral vascular lesions is hampered by a higher restenosis rate. The effects of PTA on vascular wall as well as the effects of the antirestenotic properties of endovascular brachytherapy (EVBT) remain unclear. MRI allows in vivo noninvasive assessment of the vascular effects of such treatment strategies. We sought to elucidate the vascular effect of PTA and PTA+EVBT by serial MRI. Methods and Results—Twenty symptomatic patients with severe stenosis of the femoropopliteal artery were randomly assigned to PTA (n=10) or PTA+EVBT (n=10; 14 Gy by &ggr;-irradiation source) and imaged by high-resolution MRI before and 24 hours and 3 months after intervention. An independent observer blinded to the procedure analyzed the MRI data. At 24 hours, cross-sectional MRI revealed that lumen area (86% and 67%) and total vessel area (47% and 34%) increased similarly in the PTA and PTA+EVBT groups, respectively. All patients showed severe splitting of the atherosclerotic plaque, resulting in an irregularly shaped lumen. At 3 months, MRI revealed a significant difference in lumen area change between the PTA and PTA+EVBT groups (40% and 106%, respectively; P=0.026) and in the total vessel area (14% and 39%, respectively; P=0.018). At 3 months, plaque disruption was still present in 50% of the patients treated with PTA+EVBT. Conclusions—After PTA, there is deep disruption of the atherosclerotic plaques and an extensive remodeling process of the arterial wall. Luminal loss after PTA is partially due to inward vessel remodeling. Brachytherapy prevents inward remodeling and induces an increase in lumen area but partially prevents healing of disrupted vessel surface.


ABSTRACT As an effective organization form of geographic information, a geographic knowledge graph (GeoKG) facilitates numerous geography-related analyses and services. The completeness of triplets regarding geographic knowledge determines the quality of GeoKG, thus drawing considerable attention in the related domains. Mass unstructured geographic knowledge scattered in web texts has been regarded as a potential source for enriching the triplets in GeoKGs. The crux of triplet extraction from web texts lies in the detection of key phrases indicating the correct geo-relations between geo-entities. However, the current methods for key-phrase detection are ineffective because the sparseness of the terms in the web texts describing geo-relations results in an insufficient training corpus. In this study, an unsupervised context-enhanced method is proposed to detect geo-relation key phrases from web texts for extracting triplets. External semantic knowledge is introduced to relieve the influence of the sparseness of the geo-relation description terms in web texts. Specifically, the contexts of geo-entities are fused with category semantic knowledge and word semantic knowledge. Subsequently, an enhanced corpus is generated using frequency-based statistics. Finally, the geo-relation key phrases are detected from the enhanced contexts using the statistical lexical features from the enhanced corpus. Experiments are conducted with real web texts. In comparison with the well-known frequency-based methods, the proposed method improves the precision of detecting the key phrases of the geo-relation description by approximately 20%. Moreover, compared with the well-defined geo-relation properties in DBpedia, the proposed method provides quintuple key-phrases for indicating the geo-relations between geo-entities, which facilitate the generation of new triplets from web texts.


Significant differences of mutagenic activities between the enantiomers of chiral epoxides, N-nitrosoamines, and halides were exhibited in Ames assay using Salmonella typhimurium TA100.


Emergency management is often evaluated and improved after a disaster, especially in the realm of preparedness. This article discusses the importance of logistics planning and operation as it relates to preparedness. The selection of field logistics sites, such as staging areas, prior to the occurrence of a natural or man-made disaster is a crucial step in emergency management planning. Selection can be aided and kept consistent by pre-identifying state- and countylevel guidelines for staging areas.


Recently proposed EPA revisions to the ozone ambient air quality standards change allowable ozone levels from 120 ppbv (1-hour average) to 70-90 ppbv (8-hour average). Accordingly, the relative importance of potential interferences in currently deployed ethylene-chemiluminescence and ultraviolet (UV) absorption monitors may be increased. UV absorption monitors predominate US monitoring networks and operate in a dual channel mode, requiring a scrubber to selectively remove ozone from other UV absorbing species. However, these scrubbers may also remove aromatic species with UV absorption coefficients at 254 run comparable to ozone that could constitute potential interferants. The interference potential for only a few of these compounds has been determined. Additional representative organic precursor species likely to be present under polluted conditions (e.g., C{sub 8}-C{sub 9} aromatic hydrocarbons and their nitroaromatic and phenolic derivatives) have been tested as UV interferants in this study. The removal and reentrainment of aromatic pollutants on ozone scrubbers used in UV monitors is highly dependent on the relative humidity in the system. Raising the temperature of the scrubber does not improve its interferant transmission under dry conditions and increases the retention of potential interferants under humid conditions. Reduced sulfur compounds such as CS{sub 2} do not appear to bemore » interferants for the chemiluminescence monitor.« less


Hospital readmission after kidney transplantation remains a burden not only for the kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) but also for the healthcare system. Therefore, it can also indicate the quality of care. The causes of hospital readmission in KTRs mainly include problematic graft function and complications caused by the invasive procedure or immunosuppressive regime. In the Netherlands, almost 1000 kidney transplantations are performed annually with an aging recipient population. In spite of the benefit of living donor transplantation, roughly half of the patients will receive a graft from a donor donating after cardiac death(DCD) or brain death(DBD). From 2000 to 2017 the DCD procedure accounted for 43% of all deceased donors in the Netherlands, which is the highest worldwide. With this analysis, we aim to investigate the effect of donor type on 3-month hospital readmission after kidney transplantation and also investigate this effect in different age groups.

 Our study was conducted with data abstracted from the Netherlands Organ Transplant Registry (NOTR). We retrieved data for all first-time KTRs over 18 years old from 1st Jan 2016 to 31st Dec 2018. A multivariate logistic regression model with multiple imputation for missing values was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of post-transplant 3-month hospital readmission for different donor types and control for confounding. KTRs with living or deceased donors and KTRs with DCD or DBD donors were compared, respectively. Subgroup group analysis was conducted to investigate the effect of different donor types on 3-month hospital readmission within different recipient age groups( age below 65 vs 65 years or older).

 Among 1917 first-time KTRs surviving 3 months with a functioning graft, 941 (49,1%) had no hospital readmission, 371 (19,4%) had one readmission in this period, and 244 (12,7%) had two or more readmissions (361 (18,8%) with missingness in readmission). Within the cohort, 1163(60,7%) received a graft from a living donor, 281(14,7%) from DBD donors and 473(24,7%) from DCD donors. 259(23,3,%) recipients with living donor kidney transplantation were 65 years old or older while it is 104 (43,3%) for recipients with DBD donors and 172(41,5%) for recipients with DCD donors. KTRs with living donors were at lower risk of 3-month hospital readmission after transplantation compared to those with deceased donors (HR, 0,77; 95%CI, 0,61 to 0,95). The difference was consistent in KTRs under 65 years old (HR, 0,70; 95%CI, 0,53 to 0,92) but disappeared in KTRs above 65 years old(HR, 0,90; 95%CI: 0,60 to 1,35) in subgroup analysis. KTRs with DCD and DBD donors had a similar risk of 3-month hospital readmission.

 Kidney transplant recipients younger than 65 years of age with a living donor have a lower risk of post-transplant 3-month hospital readmission compared to those with a deceased donor. KTRs at an age of 65 or above KTRs with either a DCD or DBD donor are similar with regard to 3-month hospital readmission across different age groups.


Here, we unveil evidence for a quantum phase-transition in CeCu_2Ge_2 which displays both an incommensurate spin-density wave (SDW) ground-state, and a strong renormalization of the quasiparticle effective masses (mu) due to the Kondo-effect. For all angles theta between an external magnetic field (H) and the crystallographic c-axis, the application of H leads to the suppression of the SDW-state through a 2^nd-order phase-transition at a theta-dependent critical-field H_p(theta) leading to the observation of small Fermi surfaces (FSs) in the paramagnetic (PM) state. For H || c-axis, these FSs are characterized by light mu's pointing also to the suppression of the Kondo-effect at H_p with surprisingly, no experimental evidence for quantum-criticality (QC). But as $H$ is rotated towards the a-axis, these mu's increase considerably becoming undetectable for \theta > 56^0 between H and the c-axis. Around H_p^a~ 30 T the resistivity becomes proportional T which, coupled to the divergence of mu, indicates the existence of a field-induced QC-point at H_p^a(T=0 K). This observation, suggesting FS hot-spots associated with the SDW nesting-vector, is at odds with current QC scenarios for which the continuous suppression of all relevant energy scales at H_p(theta,T) should lead to a line of quantum-critical points in the H-theta plane. Finally, we show that the complexity of its magnetic phase-diagram(s) makes CeCu_2Ge_2 an ideal system to explore field-induced quantum tricritical and QC end-points.


This paper describes an attempt for establishing an intelligent home energy management algorithm, which can response to residents' life pattern. A long-term data collection system has been constructed to confirm feasibility of the algorithm. Capability of energy demand prediction on the life events and feasibility of energy management by handling life events are discussed on the field data.


The discrete-time detection of a time-varying, additive signal in independent Laplace noise is considered. Previous efforts in this area have been restricted to the constant signal, and identically distributed noise case. Theoretical (closed form) expressions for the false alarm and detection probabilities are developed for both the Neyman-Pearson optimal detector and the classical matched filter detector. Comparisons between the two detectors are made which illustrate the effects of signal-to-noise power ratio and sample size for certain false alarm and detection probability constraints. In view of the fact that the optimal Laplace detector is not UMP, we also investigate the effect of signal amplitude mismatch. >


The simplicity, reliability and cost-effectiveness of ejector-based technologies have paved way to recover low-pressure gases which are normally flared by the oil companies. In this study, a numerical analysis was performed to evaluate the performance of an ejector for flare gas recovery application. Initially water was used as the primary fluid and air as the secondary fluid. The analysis was then extended to different combinations of primary and secondary fluids, namely, water–methane, crude oil–air and crude oil–methane, respectively. The governing equations of fluid flow were solved for both liquid and gas phases. The entrainment and pressure ratio varied as the design parameters and operating conditions were changed. The role of setback distance on the location of jet breakup was presented. Primary flow rate optimization was done to find the maximum flow rate for the design as the best performance can be obtained at that flow rate. The optimum setback distance and the flow rate of the primary fluid were found to be 34 mm and 0.76 lps, respectively. The role of primary fluid viscosity and suction fluid density was also presented. A maximum efficiency of 44% was observed when crude oil was used as the motive fluid for recovery of these gases.


Book and Program About Us The Buehler Center is committed to improving the quality of life and quality of care for older people. It seeks to achieve this mission by: • conducting clinical, applied, and policy research • disseminating education programs • supporting community outreach The Buehler Center on Aging, Health & Society was established in 1982 in response to an increasing need for expertise on aging. It was renamed in honor of the Buehler family in 1990. Although there are approximately 100 centers on aging in the United States, the Buehler Center is one of only a few that are affi liated with a medical school. As part of a not-for-profi t organization, the Buehler Center's continued success is largely supported by the generosity of our dedicated philanthropic base.


Background: The occurrence of maternal death threatens the family foundation and children's health. Determining factors affecting maternal mortality can help us adopt more effective strategies to prevent similar events. This study aimed to determine the factors involved in maternal deaths in West Azerbaijan between years 2007 and 2012. Methods: A descriptive retrospective study was performed. Data were collected from health vice chancellor of West Azerbaijan database. Results: According to the results of this research the average Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) was 22.38 per 100000 live births which constituted change 4.45% of overall maternal mortality in Iran. Hemorrhage was the most prevalent cause of maternal death (26.82%) followed by eclampsia, preeclampsia and pulmonary embolism, respectively. MMR was higher in 18-35 age group, unintended pregnancies and women with low socioeconomic status. Assessment of the impact of any delay in three stages (family, referral and treatment) indicated that incidence of delay in treatment stage was more prevalent than two others. Conclusions: Maternal mortality is still considerably high in West Azerbaijan. Increasing the coverage and the quality of prenatal and postpartum care, family planning counseling, and improving the skills and knowledge of the medical and midwifery staff would be effective in reducing maternal mortality rates.


OBJECTIVE To establish a UPLC method to determine the content of hesperidin,honokiol,magnolol and atrctylodine in Huoxiangzhengqi Soft Capsule.METHODS The chromatographic column of Acquity UPLC BEH C18(100mm×2.1mm,1.7μm)was used.The mobile phase was composed of acetonitrile and 0.2% formic acid solution in gradient elution.The flow rate was 0.4mL/min.The column temperature was 30℃.The UV detection wavelength was 284nm(hesperidin),290nm(honokiol and magnolol)and 336nm(atrctylodine).RESULTS The linear ranges of hesperidin,honokiol,magnolol and atrctylodine were 0.025 3~1.012 0,0.021 4~0.854 0,0.024 4~0.976 0,0.003 3~0.130 0mg/mL respectively.The average recoveries(n=6)of hesperidin,honokiol,magnolol and atrctylodine were between 97.7% and 100.3% with RSDless than 1.9%.CONCLUSION The method is accurate,sensitive and specific,and could be used for the quality control of Huoxiangzhengqi Soft Capsule.


Cotton (Gossypium hirsutism L.) is a primary source of natural fiber, fuel, wood, and oil worldwide and an essential raw material source for the textile industry. Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) is one of the major pests distributed worldwide and has broad genetic diversity. In this research, the genetic diversity in the cotton germplasm was explored against the whitefly infestation. Broad sense heritability is a common approach used to detect the association and inheritance of the target trait. Maximum (PIC 0.96) and minimum (PIC 0.36) polymorphism was explored by the SSR primer NAU 988 and NAU 5121, respectively, with an average value of 0.73. Pair-wise genetic estimation ranged from 0.500 to 1.00. Neighbor-joining (NJ) tree, based on UPGMA (Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic), grouped the genotypes into six main clusters, i.e., A, B, C, D, E, and F. Maximum accessions fall into a single cluster showing low genetic diversity among them. The upland cotton accessions FH 326, SLH 07, FH18, and Cris 541, showed divergence from the rest of the genotypes and might have resistance against the whitefly attack. Our results also explain the utilization of the SSR markers to explore genetic diversity and its utilization in a cotton breeding program.


We established a novel severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mouse model for the study of human lung cancer metastasis to human lung. Implantation of both human fetal and adult lung tissue into mammary fat pads of SCID mice showed a 100% rate of engraftment, but only fetal lung implants revealed normal morphology of human lung tissue. Using these chimeric mice, we analyzed human lung cancer metastasis to both mouse and human lungs by subcutaneous inoculation of human squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma cell lines into the mice. In 60 to 70% of SCID mice injected with human‐lung squamous‐cell carcinoma, RERF‐LC‐AI, cancer cells were found to have metastasized to both mouse lungs and human fetal lung implants but not to human adult lung implants 80 days after cancer inoculation. Furthermore, human‐lung adenocarcinoma cells, RERF‐LC‐KJ, metastasized to the human lung implants within 90 days in about 40% of SCID mice, whereas there were no metastases to the lungs of the mice. These results demonstrate the potential of this model for the in vivo study of human lung cancer metastasis.


Some consider the order Plecoptera as the sister-group of all neopterous insects. Hence the interpretation of Plecoptera wing venation has critical implications for character polarization among basal neopterous taxa, i.e. polyneopterous insects, and especially for fossil taxa, mainly known after isolated wings. However, no consensus ever emerged from the previous interpretations, partly contradicting. This study provides a detailed morphological comparative study of the wing venation of the order Plecoptera, based on modern taxa. It reveals that 1) the arculus is not a posterior branch of the media but a secondarily strengthened crossvein, always present in hind wings and very generally in forewings; 2) the media is primitively two-branched in both wing pairs; 3) in hind wings the stems of the radius and the media are basally distinct, but a fusion of the posterior radius (RP) with the media (M) occurs distal to the wing base, both branches diverging further; and 4) the vannus is composed of branches belonging to the anterior analis sector (AA) only (i.e. the analis posterior and jugal areas are lacking). A new nomenclature is proposed for describing the branches of AA2. Character states presence of an arculus in both foreand hind wings, media two-branched, and in hind wings, presence of fusion of RP with M are diagnostic of the order, based on outgroup comparison with other polyneopterous insects. Similarities are noticed between most basal Archaeorthoptera (i.e. insects close related to Orthoptera) and Plecoptera concerning the organization of the anal area, although an AP area is retained in the former and absent in the latter. Additionally, wing characters susceptible of being informative for the resolution of the inner phylogeny of the Plecoptera are proposed throughout the paper.


Irradiation of 2-hydroxyindan-1-ones generally results in α-cleavage, in which the intermediate may either recyclise or undergo intramolecular hydrogen transfer giving ring-opened ketoaldehydes; competition between these processes is sensitive to both substituent and solvent effects. When a 3-substituent is present which is a good leaving group, photolysis leads to isocoumarins and possible mechanistic paths for this last process are discussed.


Excess sleep results in drowsiness that's not the
underlying disease.Drowsiness may cause additional
symptoms, like forgetfulness or falling asleep at inappropriate
times. The common examples are Sleep deprivation, alcohol
or drug use, medication side -effect, an outsized meal or
caffeine withdrawal. A number of the causes of the
drowsiness are Lifestyle factors, psychological state, Medical
Condition, Medications, Sleeping disorders. The prevailing
method uses the photo-PLETHYSMOGRAPHY method. In
our project we are going to detect the drowsiness, this we will
detect the waveforms and transform the waveforms using
ARDUINO software and determine the speed of drowsiness.
Using GSM, just in case of drowsiness the notification or call
is shipped to the respective registered number. The developed
low-cost device could avoid complicated procedures and
provides continuous monitoring of the drowsiness.


The Cu-6.5Ni-1Al-1Si-0.15Mg-0.15 Ce alloy was designed and prepared. The evolution of microstructure and properties during thermo-mechanical treatment were studied using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrum and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that, the microstructure of as-casting alloy is typical dendritic structure; the dendritic structure disappears after hot rolled at 920 ℃; the optimal solid-solution treatment for the alloy is solution treated at 960 ℃ for 4 h. Cold deformation after solid-solution treatment has obviously effect on the properties of the alloy. Increasing the cold deformation rate, the time to approach the peak of hardness decreases, and the peak of hardness and conductivity increase; the higher the solution treatment temperature is, the faster the precipitate precipitates. After solid solution treated at 960 ℃ for 4 h and cold rolled by 50%, then aged at 450 ℃ for 120 min, its hardness reaches 300.8 HV, electrical conductivity is 20.6% IACS, tensile strength is 963.9 MPa and yield strength is 950.1 MPa. The nano-scale precipitates in the matrix are δ-Ni2Si. The relationships between the precipitate and matrix is:Cuδ[001] [001], Cuδ(110)(010), Cuδ(1 10)(100).


A.-True simple adenoma of the thyroid is a rare condition and can be correctly diagnosed only after removal and histological examination; malignant change in such a tumour is exceedingly uncommon. Nodules (of one sort or another) are, however, a common finding on palpation of the thyroid, and the important thing is to decide whether they are multiple or solitary. Multiple nodules in the thyroid are typically seen in adults living in an area of endemic goitre, but they not infrequently appear sporadically in non-goitrous areas, being particularly common, for example, in London. It is unlikely that a malignant change occurs more often in such glands than in apparently normal ones. Even allowing for the fact that suspicion of a malignant change in a multinodular goitre will lead to its removal, the incidence of cancer in such glands removed by operation is rarely over 5%. Solitary nodules, however, especially if seen in young patients, should always suggest the possibility of malignancy, and should therefore be removed with a margin of healthy thyroid tissue. If malignant, they are usually of a papillary type of carcinoma which is slow growing, spreads typically by the lymphatics, and even local removal frequently leads to apparent cure. The criteria for deciding to excise such nodules naturally vary according to the views of the individual clinician, but the incidence of malignancy in solitary nodules removed from younger people has been found to be somewhere around 15%'. It must be added that, even after removal of the nodule from the patient's thyroid, the pathologist may have great difficulty in deciding whether it is malignant or not. Perhaps it is for this very reason that the reported incidence of malignancy in thyroid nodules has varied greatly in different clinics.


Objectives Recent studies have demonstrated an important role of chronic high glucose concentration for collagen deposition in fibroblasts. However, little is known about the action of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker and inflammatory cytokines on ACE inhibitor on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) regulation and collagen synthesis in human cardiac fibroblasts. In this article, we determined the influence of chronic high glucose concentration on human cardiac fibroblasts functions and the effects of 606A and imidaprilat in these responses. Methods Human cardiac fibroblasts were long-time exposure in normal or high glucose media in the absence or presence of 606A or imidaprilat. We have determined their MMP-2 activities by using in-gel zymography. In addition, the collagen IV synthesis was evaluated by the means of ELISA. Results show that chronic high glucose concentration inhibits the activity of MMP-2 and accelerates collagen IV synthesis. When Equimolar mannitol was used as an osmotic control, the activity inhibition of MMP-2 were also observed, however, it is not as strong as that by using high glucose. Inhibition of MMP-2 activity and enhancement of collagen IV synthesis were reserved incompletely by 606A. But complete reservation of MMP-2 activity and collagen IV synthesis was observed by using imidaprilat in cultured media in the experiments. Results show that chronic high glucose concentration inhibits the activity of MMP-2 and accelerates collagen IV synthesis. When Equimolar mannitol was used as an osmotic control, the activity inhibition of MMP-2 were also observed, however, it is not as strong as that by using high glucose. Inhibition of MMP-2 activity and enhancement of collagen IV synthesis were reserved incompletely by 606A. But complete reservation of MMP-2 activity and collagen IV synthesis was observed by using imidaprilat in cultured media in the experiments. Conclusions Chronic high glucose inhibits the activity of MMP-2 and increases collagen IV synthesis by means of regulating MMP-2 mRNA expression in human cardiac fibroblasts through osmotic and non-osmotic pathways. Inhibition of MMP-2 activity and enhancement of collagen IV synthesis were reserved incompletely by 606A. But complete reservation of MMP-2 activity and collagen IV synthesis was observed by using imidaprilat in cultured media in the experiments.


Purpose – Al‐Qaeda poses a major challenge to western democracies with its international networks and suicide attacks; it has been involved in some of the most horrific terrorist attacks across the world. As a result the UK, similar to many other countries, has enacted hard‐line counter‐terrorism legislation that has had an impact upon Muslim community relations with law enforcement agencies. This paper aims to examine the glorification offence under the Terrorism Act and its implications for free speech.Design/methodology/approach – The paper is designed to examine counter‐terrorism legislation in Britain and in particular the offence of glorification and the impact it has had upon Muslim communities using empirical case studies and theoretical evidence.Findings – It is found that Muslim communities feel that their freedom of speech, thought and expression have been seriously curtailed as a result of the glorification offence and has led them to feel a sense of alienation and stigma which has manifested ...


Model-based robust production optimization is performed by propagating the uncertainty in the reservoir model description through the nonlinear fluid flow dynamics to predict the stochastic production response and the objective function of interest. Propagation of uncertainty is often accomplished through Monte Carlo simulation by sampling from the distribution of uncertain input parameters and computing the corresponding value of the objective function after performing reservoir simulation. The computational burden of performing hundreds of reservoir simulation runs to characterize the distribution of the objective function (or its point statistics) over the sampled input parameters makes the process prohibitive for large-scale deployment. To reduce the computational load of robust production optimization under geologic uncertainty, we propose an efficient stochastic production optimization algorithm based on a reduced sampling strategy. In this approach, at each iteration of the optimization procedure, instead of evaluating the objective function and its gradient over a large number of fixed realizations, we approximate them by using a small subset of model realizations that are selected randomly. This approximation leads to solving a series of "small" subproblems that require significantly fewer reservoir simulation runs, thereby reducing the computational complexity of the robust optimization workflow. Because the samples are selected randomly, over several iterations of the optimization process, a large number of samples are included. For a fixed set of realization, the proposed approach results in each sample being used multiple times during the optimization process. The proposed method is applied to several numerical examples, including a field-scale reservoir model, to show its computational efficiency over traditional robust production optimization under geologic uncertainty.


The invention discloses a double ten-connecting-rod parallel lateral lifting single three-dimensional garage, which is provided with a fixed parking rack and a movable parking table, wherein a left four-corner bracket and a right four-corner bracket are symmetrically and fixedly connected on the two sides of the parking table close to the parking rack; a first edge of each four-corner bracket is perpendicular to the parking table, a second edge of each four-corner bracket is parallel to the parking table, and the other two edges of each four-corner bracket are positioned on one side close to the parking rack; and a left ten-connecting-rod lifting mechanism and a right ten-connecting-rod lifting mechanism in the same structure are arranged on the two sides of the parking rack and between the left four-corner bracket and the right four-corner bracket. The double ten-connecting-rod parallel lateral lifting single three-dimensional garage is suitable for the space beside a road or a parking passage and a parking space is increased above the existing parking space. The leaving sequence of an upper vehicle and a lower vehicle is not limited after the upper parking space is increased, and an extra road space is not required to be provided for the leaving of the vehicles. The garage can be mounted singly according to circumstances, so that the garage has unique advantage in the aspect of solving the problem of difficulty in parking on the pavement of urban communities and increasing the underground parking space.


The purpose of this paper is to examine the status of library automation and major constraints faced by libraries while automating. The study found that college libraries are still in the state of infancy with regard to automation and all of the libraries use local commercial software for automation. The study concludes with recommendations that would enhance and ensure effective and efficient use of the ICTs (Information and communication Technology) enabling libraries to provide their clients better services.


A few months ago I received from Senor Julian R. Santos, of Ecuador, formerly a pupil of mine in the laboratory of this University, a specimen of volcanic ash collected at his place of residence, Bahia de Caraguez, on the coast of the Pacific, about 120 miles nearly due west from Cotopaxi.


In the article "Loss of Otx2 in the Adult Retina Disrupts Retinal Pigment Epithelium Function, Causing Photoreceptor Degeneration" by Michael Housset, Alexander Samuel, Mohamed Ettaiche, Alexis Bemelmans, Francis Béby, Nathalie Billon, and Thomas Lamonerie, which appeared on pages 9890 –9904 of the June 12, 2013 issue, the authors regret leaving Michael Clarkson off the author list. The corrected author list is as follows: Michael Housset, Alexander Samuel, Mohamed Ettaiche, Alexis Bemelmans, Francis Béby, Michael Clarkson, Nathalie Billon, and Thomas Lamonerie. Their affiliations are as follows: Institut de Biologie Valrose, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, UFR Sciences, CNRS, UMR7277, and Inserm U1091, Nice F-06108, France, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR7275, Valbonne F-06560, France, Institut de Radiobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Commissariat à I'Energie Atomigue, Fontenay-aux-Roses F-92265, France, Department of Ophthalmology, Queen Fabiola Children's University Hospital, 1020 Brussels, Belgium, and Department of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Science, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010 Australia. The Author Contributions footnote should have read: Author contributions: M.H. and T.L. designed research; M.H., A.S., M.E., F.B., and T.L. performed research; A.B., M.C. contributed unpublished reagents/analytic tools; M.H., A.S., M.E., N.B., and T.L. analyzed data; M.H., N.B., and T.L. wrote the paper.


The effects of ethinyl nortestosterone acetate (ENTA) on the internal female genitalia were studied in 9 women aged 25-37 years who were treated for sterility and whose cycles were known to be biphasic. 4 and 6 mg doses of the gestagen were given with 30 and 50 mcg ethinyl estradiol daily on the 5th-25th days of the cycle. Laparotomy was performed on the 26th day. Mature follicles or corpora lutea were not visible macroscopically or microscopically. Endometrial biopsies showed contradictory images of slight proliferation to pronounced secretion. These findings provide direct evidence of the ovulation-inhibiting effect of ENTA on the ovary.(AUTHORS MODIFIED)


We study the complexity of the inference problem for propositional circumscription (the minimal inference problem) over arbitrary finite domains. The problem is of fundamental importance in nonmonotonic logics and commonsense reasoning. The complexity of the problem for the two-element domain has been completely classified [Durand, Hermann, and Nordh, Trichotomy in the complexity of minimal inference, LICS 2009]. In this paper, we classify the complexity of the problem over all conservative languages. We consider a version of the problem parameterized by a set of relations (a constraint language), from which we are allowed to build a knowledge base, and where a linear order used to compare models is a part of an input. We show that in this setting the problem is either Π2P-complete, coNP-complete, or in P. The classification is based on a coNP-hardness proof for a new class of languages, an analysis of languages that do not express any member of the class and a new general polynomial-time algorithm solving the minimal inference problem for a large class of languages.


To the animal producer, genetic improvement is a matter of selecting animals from which to breed replacement stock,. His concern is to improve the genetic makeup of the herd so as to provide maximum economic return. There is little point in striving for an estimated theoretical maximum gain in production if the product itself is of little economic value; Currently in Australia, the producer is paid for the milk and fat he supplies. Recommendations have been made that the protein produced be paid for on a M basis with the fat, On the world market, the fat, the protein and the meat produced by the animal have each meant at certain times greatest financial returns to the farmer.


It is very important to protect middle and small stockholders' benefits in the companies as the number of stockholders increases rapidly. We should make an analysis of all the conducts of violation against middle and small stockholders' benefits and sum up the causes. Only when we do this we can create new law of company governance and perfect it, therefore we can provide the companies with practical and effective legal protection.


LCD TV panels of light transmittance is very low, to produce TV backlight brightness the display needed will need to provide adequate light intensity, and backlight system needs to consume more power. Using FPGA image processing technology, through frame by frame analysis of video signal content, dynamically adjusts the LCD backlight brightness and compensates for signal strength. Processing algorithm is mainly based on gray-scale image statistical information, and according to extensive testing of the LCD backlight panel data, finds a suitable control parameters and image gain coefficient. Through the actual test, gives the schematic of the main part of the system, it features with good effect.


In Green's function theory, the total energy of an interacting many-electron system can be expressed in a variational form using the Klein or Luttinger-Ward functionals. Green's function theory also naturally addresses the case where the interacting system is embedded into a bath. This latter can then act as a dynamical (i.e., frequency-dependent) potential, providing a more general framework than that of conventional static external potentials. Notably, the Klein functional includes a term of the form $\text{Tr}_\omega \text{Ln}\left\{G_0^{-1}G\right\}$, where $\text{Tr}_\omega$ is the frequency integration of the trace operator. Here, we show that using a sum-over-pole representation for the Green's functions and the algorithmic-inversion method one can obtain in full generality an explicit analytical expression for $\text{Tr}_\omega \text{Ln}\left\{G_0^{-1}G\right\}$. This allows one, e.g., to derive a variational expression for the Klein functional in the presence of an embedding bath, or to provide an explicit expression of the RPA correlation energy in the framework of the optimized effective potential.


A direct rapid immunohistochemical test (dRIT) to detect rabies virus (RABV) antigen has been developed by incorporating various components of existing immunoperoxidase techniques. The gold standard diagnostic technique for rabies is the Fluorescent antibody technique (FAT) which is very expensive and requires a high level of expertise. There is a need for more economical and user friendly tests, particularly for use in developing countries. The dRIT is one such test for diagnosis of rabies using brain touch impressions. The test is based on capture of rabies nucleoprotein (N) antigen in brain smears using a cocktail of biotinylated monoclonal antibodies specific for the N protein and colour development by streptavidin peroxidase-amino ethyl carbazole and counter staining with haematoxylin. The test was done in parallel with standard FAT using 60 brain samples from different animals including dog (n=52), cat (n=02), cattle (n=04) and horse (n=02) were collected during the study from different geographical locations of the country viz., Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Kerala, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh. The rabies virus N protein appears under light microscope as reddish brown particles against a light blue background. There was 100 % correlation between the results obtained by the two tests. Also, interpretation of results by dRIT was easier and only required a light microscope. To conclude, this newly developed dRIT technique promises to be a simple, cost effective diagnostic tool for rabies and will have applicability in field conditions prevalent in developing countries.


Possibly shows Blue Range (a spur of the Tararuas) seen from Upper Plain ; sheep, with fence in middle ground. (identified by A G Bagnall 4/7/1983)
Quantity: 1 watercolour(s).
Physical Description: Watercolour ; image 211 x 313 mm on sheet 340 x 460 mm


The cross-border governance issue is a crucial stake for understanding the driving forces and the brakes of the territorial integration in Europe. The idea of this paper is to contribute to this debate by focusing the study of cross-border governance in the field of public transportation within the cross-border metropolitan region of Lille. After introducing the political and geographical context that led to the emergence of the Eurometropole Lille-Kortrijk-Tournai, an innovative analysis of the actors was performed using the method of SNA. Three hypotheses were tested to better understand the relationships and positions of the various organizations involved in cross-border cooperation.