Triad forest management was analyzed for a New Brunswick Crown License. Fifteen forest value indicators were used to de scribe social, economic, and environmental outcomes from forecast Triad scenarios, including 36 scenarios where reserves and intensively managed area varied in 5% increments from 10% to 35%. Some indicators were most sensitive to intensive area (e.g., silviculture cost), other to reserve area (e.g., area containing large snags), and still others to extensive area (e.g., average harvest levels). Some indicators averaged arithmetically, and could be kept constant if increases in reserves were accompanied by equal increases in intensive area. Such averaging for timber supply is often a selling point made by Triad advocates. Indeed, many different scenarios generated the same annual harvest when averaged over the 100-year forecast time horizon; however, immediate reductions in operable timber inventory resulting from reserve increases caused short-term harvest reductions, while future gains in yield from intensive area increases caused long-term harvest increases. This timing offset between losses and gains of operable volume, and its effect on harvest timing, may be impediments to Triad implementation in jurisdictions where timber supply is fully utilized. This analysis presents methods and results that may be of value to forest managers con templating implementation of Triad zoning.


In the United States, nearly 500,000 infants are born pre-term each year. These infants are at high risk of serious complications, including necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), sepsis, and death. While hospitalized these infants routinely receive multiple doses of broad-spectrum antibiotics, which can have profound and lasting effects on the composition of the intestinal microbiome. Microbiome composition, in turn, can impact a variety of health outcomes including NEC and sepsis. We were interested in determining how feeding strategies impact microbiome composition in infants receiving large doses of antibiotics. The standard of care in Cincinnati is for hospitalized pre-term infants to receive human milk (either mother's own milk or pasteurized donor milk) for the first 14 days of life. After that point they may receive formula, milk, or a combination of milk and formula. We hypothesized that infants who continue to receive predominantly human milk in week three of life would have greater microbiome diversity characterized by increased Bacteroides and Bifidobacteria and decreased Clostridia. We examined the intestinal microbiome of 71 infants from two Cincinnati NICUs. Our experimental cohort consisted only of infants born <32 weeks gestation, with birth weight between 850 and 1500 grams. All infants were free of congenital abnormalities, did not display overt feeding difficulties, survived free of NEC or sepsis, and had stool samples in weeks one, two, and three of life. We examined the effect of heavy antibiotics (≥5 days treatment) and light antibiotics (1-4 days treatment) versus no antibiotics. We then examined the effect of feeding predominantly human milk versus formula in week three of life within each category of antibiotics treatment. Stool samples were collected, 16s rRNA extracted, and microbiome data analyzed for alpha diversity and beta diversity. Microbiome composition was determined by LEfSe. We determined that in all categories, including heavy antibiotics, infants receiving human milk had more Bacteroides. While not significant, a trend toward greater Bifidobacteria and decreased Clostridia was noted with more human milk feeding. Intriguingly, heavier antibiotic use resulted in significantly increased Bacteroides in human milk-fed infants. This preliminary study shows that human milk feeding of pre-term infants has a beneficial effect on microbiome composition even when the infant is receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics.


Understanding mission in the 19th and 20th centuries is not a simple undertaking. It is complex due to the diverse and changing worldviews and contexts on the sending and receiving ends of mission. This book, "The Great Age of Mission," contains in-depth academic studies of this phenomenon by veteran mission historian Lawrence Nemer.This set of articles also illustrates both the values and limitations of the writing and study of mission history.


Clofibrate (Atromid S - ICI) is the drug most widely used in this country for reducing abnormally high plasma lipids, and for treating xanthomatosis.1 It is not effective in all forms of hyperlipidaemia, but until now it has not been known to raise lipid levels. A recent report, however, describes four patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and hypercholesterolaemia in whom clofibrate raised the serum cholesterol. In three of the patients the skin xanthomas became more severe. When clofibrate was discontinued the cholesterol level fell again. The explanation for this surprising effect so far remains obscure. Clofibrate did not affect bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and transaminase levels.2 We conclude that the drug should not be used in patients with biliary cirrhosis.


immanence. Deleuze recalls Charles Dickens' description of a disreputable man, a rogue, who is abandoned by everyone and who is found the moment he is dying. Those who take care of him treat him with respect, as he tries to fight for his life. And "between his life and his death, there is a moment that is only that of a life playing with death" (p. 28). With this artistic example Deleuze explains what he means by the indefiniteness of immanent life (the plane of immanence) that is at the heart of his philosophy. According to Deleuze, immanence can only be thought through radical empiricism, and in the second essay of the book, he looks deeper into the nature of empiricism through the work of Hume. According to Hume, human nature (subjectivity) is constituted by two principles: principles of association, from which relations derive, and principles of passion, from which "inclinations" follow. Fiction and imagination (and thus art, the sensible) play a big role in both principles. Deleuze explains how, according to Hume, the constitution of an identity of the self requires the intervention of all sorts of fictive uses of associations and relations. The self is not given, but constituted in fiction and experience. In respect to the principle of passion, the imagination is necessary to make passion go beyond its natural partiality and presentness. Aesthetic and moral sentiments are formed in this way and are at the same time very important constitutive principles. The third essay in Pure Immanence is about Nietzsche. Also for Nietzsche the aesthetic is important to the point that the philosopher becomes a creator. Deleuze explains that Nietzsche's will to power consists not in taking but in creating and giving. In discussing the stages of Nietzsche's nihilism, Deleuze explains how at the moment of the completion of nihilism everything is ready for a creative transmutation that consists of an active becoming of forces, a triumph of affirmation (instead of negation) in the will to power. And what is affirmed is the earth, life in its multiplicity and becomings. Although the three essays in this book discuss very different aspects of the affirmative and immanent implications of Deleuze's philosophy, the aesthetic dimension seems very important. As John Rajchman explains in the introduction: "Through affect and percept, artworks hit upon something singular yet impersonal in our bodies and brains, irreducible to any preexistent 'we'" (p. 10). Deleuze's transcendental empiricism implies a Kunstwollen or a "becoming-art" that, for instance, cinema can give. In his cinema books Deleuze argues that cinema can contribute to giving us back reasons to believe in the world and the body. Cinema "affects the visible with a fundamental disturbance, and the world with a suspension, which contradicts all natural perception. What it produces in this way is the genesis of an 'unknown body' which we have in the back of our heads, like the unthought in thought, the birth of the visible which is still hidden from view" (The Time-Image, p. 201). Experimenting with the sensible is in this way essential to the plane of immanence of "a life." In What Is Philosophy? Deleuze and Guattari assign a similar task of restoring our belief in the world to philosophy: "It may be that believing in this world, in this life, becomes our most difficult task, or the task or a mode of existence still to be discovered on our plane of immanence today" (p. 75). This restoration of a belief in the world that is the most important task of both art and philosophy can only be understood in the definition of immanence as the virtualities that are contained (and not yet actualized or realized) in "a life." The essays in Pure Immanence emphasize once more the affirmative power of Deleuze's philosophy and deserve to be reread in relation to his work on aesthetic practices such as literature, painting and cinema.


The severe environmental degradation of Alashan, Inner Mongolia, is due to various reasons, among which macro-regulation dysfunction and immoderate exploitation by the market economy are the most important. The local government, not fully accounting for these reasons in the current migration policy, introduces farming to replace the traditional nomadic mode. Such substitution cannot solve the environmental problems ultimately but will bring worse ecological crises instead: the continental climate of extreme drought cannot sustain water resource necessary for irrigation farming far beyond the nomadic style; the excessive exploitation of groundwater can lead to rapid decline of groundwater level, causing irreparable absolute drought, salinization and desertification. It will be the most effective, though most difficult as well, to redistribute the water resources of the Heihe River Basin in a rational way under macro-regulation control so as to make best use of the limited water. As an important factor to restore the ecological environment of Alashan, the ecological views and ethics in Mongolian nomadic civilizations as well as their religious beliefs and traditional nomadic lifestyle are most suitable to rebalance and renew the natural environment for the geographical feature of the area.


Background The inferior turbinate (IT) and nasolacrimal duct (NLD) are often sacrificed while managing the diffuse lesion of maxillary sinus (MS). We report a new approach to MS without ablation of NLD and IT. Methods This retrospective study enrolled 19 hospitalized patients (aged from 42 to 68 years) who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery between 2003 and 2008. Twelve patients had inverted papilloma (IP), two had nasal polyps, two had Kubo's postoperative cyst of MS, one had recurrent bone cyst of maxilla, one had dentigerous cyst and one had bleeding of internal maxillary artery secondary to Caldwell‐Luc operation respectively. Two IP patients were excluded from this group since the follow‐up time was less than 12 months. The NLD was dissected after removing the anterior bony portion of nasal lateral wall. The prelacrimal recess approach (PLRA) to MS was established when IT‐NLD flap was raised medially. The flap was repositioned when MS lesion was removed. Results All the 17 patients had unilateral lesions. Ten MS IP patients were at the T3 Krouse stage. The follow‐up ranged from 7 to 60 months. No recurrence was seen in 16 patients. Only one IP patient had a local recurrence in MS. All of them had no any complications. Conclusion The diffuse or severe diseases of MS may be the potential indications for PLRA.


tegic value and for creating disastrous situations from such selfish motives as personal vanity. Meanwhile, Pike hails William "Bill" Slim, the British general who commanded the Fourteenth Army during the Burma campaign, as "probably the most talented Allied military commander faced by Japan" (674). Pike lavishly commends Slim not for his star quality, but for his hard work and caring attitude toward his troops. Pike also draws an interesting contrast between the Seabees, United States Naval Construction Battalions, and foreign slave labor under the Japanese military. Along with logistical coordination, Pike recognizes the critical importance of improvements in technology. Therefore, sections are filled with enthusiastic descriptions of aircraft, fleet carriers, battleships, torpedoes, guns, and bombs. The author focuses mainly on the tactical, technological, and logistical achievements that led the Allied forces to military triumphs. Backed by abundant numerical data, these vibrant empirical facts must surely intrigue lovers of military history. Startling accounts include the cost of developing the Boeing B-29 Superfortress, which exceeded that of the Manhattan Project. Many quotes and anecdotes are heartfelt, capturing the essence of historical occurrences. This massive work cannot be totally inclusive, however. Unsettling moral questions are noticeably sidelined. Pike takes up some of the major ones, including the bombing of civilians, but he simply constitutes himself as an adherent to classical interpretations. In his scheme, the development of incendiary bombs, for example, was innovative, rather than reprehensible. Given the tremendous complexity of the war, resolving inflammatory historical disputes is surely beyond the scope of this reference book. In my view, it would have been more useful, thoughtful, and definitive if Pike had thoroughly described the existing controversies and let the reader ponder them, instead of trying to come up with his own arguments. This volume is probably most appealing to college students who seek a comprehensive factual knowledge of World War II in Asia and the Pacific. This study may not be of greatest significance to professionals in Asian studies, where the AsiaPacific War is subject to considerable moral and ideological contestation. Asianist scholars hardly overlook Japanese atrocities such as comfort women and Unit 731, which Pike does not care to look into. In academic discourse, debates about war memory and postwar reflections are essential. The United States portrayed by Pike had no internment camps, veterans with PTSD, or war profiteers. In a few instances, he interprets the Pacific War in conjunction with the War on Terror. Unlike John Dower, the author of Cultures of War: Pearl Harbor/ Hiroshima/9–11/Iraq (W. W. Norton and Company, 2010), however, Pike never asks such questions as what historical lessons we can learn for the future of humanity from the monstrosity of war. An unforgivable omission is "enduring the unendurable and suffering the insufferable," of which the Japanese emperor Hirohito spoke during his radio broadcast on August 15, 1945. Embodying his resolve to end the war and strive for peace, this iconic line is regrettably missing from the book that hinges on the war fought in his name. This is symptomatic of its emphasis on the priority of operational success over sensitivity to human suffering.


Integrated X-ray intensities anomalously transmitted by nearly perfect Si crystals have been measured at room temperature for two characteristic wavelengths CoK alpha and CuK alpha and for a number of different specimen thicknesses. The (220) symmetric Laue reflection was measured using a horizontal double-crystal diffractometer with the crystals in the (1, -1) parallel setting. From the experimental data the following values of the parameter epsilon 220=F220"/F000" were derived: epsilon 220=0.963+or-0.003 for CoK alpha epsilon 220=0.962+or-0.003 for CuK alpha .


In this work, we investigate the Rastall–Maxwell theory around the strange quark matter (SQM) in the presence of a quintessence field and a quintessence dark energy having a characteristic parameter [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text]. The SQM is governed by the simplified MIT bag model equation of state: [Formula: see text], with [Formula: see text] the bag constant, in the presence of a load distribution given by [Formula: see text]. We find some solutions by using the modified Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff (TOV) equation in the framework of Rastall gravity. We investigate the energy condition, the mass–radius relation, modified TOV equation, redshift and the stability of the system is checked by exploring the adiabatic index, the compactification factor and the causality condition for verifying the physical consistency of our model. We notify that for physical values of Rastall parameter, the stellar system is more massive compared to its size. Hence, it is revealed that the alternative Rastall theory is appropriate to explain the behavior of massive stellar objects. The presence of dark energy motivates us to consider that the existing strange stars are a mixture of both ordinary matter and quintessence matter in different proportions. The incorporation of quintessence matter with the real one describes the well-known SQM.


This is a detailed look at volunteer practices, ideologies and implications for policy in the criminal justice system, comparing three agencies' use of volunteers: special constables, victim support schemes and probation volunteers. The issues of funding, control and service delivery were found to be sharpened in each agency by the use of volunteers. The authors looked at examples in the south-west of England and found similarities in practice problems across different agencies; for example, paid staff in the Police and the Probation Service were both sceptical, threatened and inclined to under-use volunteers. However, the differences were also clearly found, such as in volunteers' motivations. Special constables seek excitement and control; probation volunteers expect variety and give eclectic reasons for their involvement. This book highlights the need for protection as well as integration of volunteers within the agency, the need for funding, organisation and defined tasks and the need to demonstrate openness. What the study lacks is a political dimension. Volunteers are not a politically neutral subject, as witness-


The oscillator is the core module of the radio frequency receiving front-end, which directly determines the signal processing capability of the communication system. Optoelectronic Oscillator (OEO) technology has become the main research direction to solve the indicators of improving phase noise and frequency tuning range of RF receiving front-end. In order to better solve the problem of RF reception, this paper studies the coupled opto-electronic oscillator, discusses its application in 5G communication systems, and discusses the voltage-controlled tunable fiber Fabry-Perot Coupled Optoelectronic Oscillator (FFP-COEO); Phase noise phase and frequency tuning model, the oscillator controls the cavity length of the Fabry-Perot cavity by voltage, and the starting frequency can be adjusted. The experimental results show that the oscillator can increase the secondary mode-locked loop by improving the filtering performance of the optical loop, further optimize the phase noise of the system, and improve the side mode suppression ratio and output power.


Killing bacteria on or near the membrane, a processing method of a reverse osmosis membrane using the disinfectant, the reverse osmosis membrane, to remove or prevent the biological coating on the membrane by sterilized by disinfecting the membrane gradually releasing a sufficient amount of halogen to, comprising contacting with an oxidizing halogen biocide in bound form, method.


The phragmoplast is a plant-specific microtubule and microfilament structure that forms during telophase to direct new cell wall formation. The phragmoplast expands towards a specific location at the cell cortex called the division site. How the phragmoplast accurately reaches the division site is currently unknown. We show that a previously uncharacterized microtubule arrays accumulated at the cell cortex. These microtubules were organized by transient interactions with division-site localized proteins and were then incorporated into the phragmoplast to guide it towards the division site. A phragmoplast-guidance defective mutant, tangled1, had aberrant cortical-telophase microtubule accumulation that correlated with phragmoplast positioning defects. Division-site localized proteins may promote proper division plane positioning by organizing the cortical-telophase microtubule array to guide the phragmoplast to the division site during plant cell division. One Sentence Summary Microtubules accumulate at the cell cortex and interact with the plant division machinery to direct its movement towards the division site.


Combined with the water supply condition in garden area,through summarizing the change law of water supply load,this paper proposes solution scheme,comprehensively explains the application of high voltage inverter in water supply system.Through the scheme of combining modulating frequency and adjusting valve,the water adjusting range is increased,the water pressure is stabilized,energy consumption is reduced,which obtains good economic effect.


Mainstream management research is grounded in precise definitions, public procedures and objective data collection (Behling, 1980) in an attempt to discover "laws" which will lead to more efficient or effective organizations. While the discovery of such laws is guided by a strict scientific ethos, which includes replicable, systematic, and public procedures, managements' use of the laws so discovered is less stringently considered. Although there are some exceptions (e.g. Bedeian and Armenakis, 1998), simply put if a law or a technique increases profit, results in greater subordinate commitment to the leader's ends, or results in a more "effective" organization, most researchers seem reluctant to question what those ends may be or the value implications of the techniques so discovered.


This paper presents the problems and tasks of maintenance and repair on the example of road-building equipment. An approach to providing decision support in the management of maintenance and repair of road vehicles based on the adapted and modernized method RCM2 is proposed. The structure of maintenance and repair organization (MRO) in the road sector with the use of ontologies and multi-agent systems is described. The model of the maintenance and repair planning system on the basis of agents as a multi-agent system, and the composition and structure of intelligent agents are showed. The method of Case Based Reasoning on ontologies proposed to use for scheduling maintenance and repair. The results of the development and implementation of integrated software modules and organizational system Maintenance and road-building equipment are described.


Endometriosis occurs outside the pelvic cavity is uncommon. To our knowledge, until now there is no case like this has been reported. A 49-year-old Chinese woman only with CA125 abnormal was admitted to our clinic. After a series of examinations, a mass in the left psoas major muscle was discovered. Based on the clinical symptoms, serologic markers and imaging features, we still could not rule out the possibility of malignant tumor. Finally, a diagnosis of endometriosis was made based on intraoperative pathological findings. Then she received relevant treatment. Three months later, both the lesion size and CA125 level decreased obviously. Retrospectively analysis of the disease progression, we find that rare cases like this not only enrich the location spectrum of endometriosis, but also help us gain more insight into the pathogenesis of it.


Left ventricle functional analysis can be performed using coronary CT angiography (CTA) images. In recent years it has been proposed that CTA imaging might also be used for myocardial perfusion assessment, by visually looking for hypoattenuated regions that may correspond to hypoperfusion. Assigning a detected lesion to a specific myocardial segment requires significant effort while the clinician matches the American Heart Association (AHA) standard myocardial segments to the anatomy of each patient. This article presents an interactive tool which, based on the existence of a previous left ventricle segmentation, automatically matches the lesions detected by the clinician to a myocardial segment and provides feedback over the image regarding the myocardial segments with detected lesions and their severity.


Objective: To investigate the effect of atosiban in the blood glucose levels of pregnant women and to examine how this change affects the newborn.
Methods: The survey was conducted on 97 pregnant women who were hospitalized with preterm labor and administered Atosiban between January 2013 to December 2018. Maternal Fasting blood glucose and 2hours postprandial blood glucose were checked before and during the administration of Atosiban. Blood glucose levels measured during steroid administration were excluded from the study. We retrospectively investigated maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Results: The mean random blood glucose level at the time of admission to the whole group was (88.6±19.8), whereas the mean Fasting blood glucose level after Atosiban administration was (111.2±16.4), which was increased by (22.6 ± 21.8) (P <0.001). Of the 111 newborns examined, 74 had neonatal hypoglycemia within 1 hour after birth requiring early feeding or IV glucose treatment, 14 of the 74 neonates had a level of less than 40 who needs immediate IV glucose treatment. Compared to pregnant women who showed an increase in blood glucose levels less than 20 mg/dL (58.1 ± 15.5, n=50) those who showed an increase in blood glucose levels over 20 mg/dL (50.1±14.1, n=46) showed significantly lower levels of neonatal blood glucose level (p=0.010).
Conclusion: Atosiban can cause statistically significant maternal hyperglycemia during medication, which can cause neonatal hypoglycemia requiring treatment. It is necessary to monitor the neonatal hypoglycemia after birth in the case of atosiban-administered mothers during pregnancy.


The invention relates to a vertical positioning structure of tower mast mechanical equipment and a foundation, which is applicable to the vertical positioning and connection of a tower body structure of tower mast mechanical equipment and a concrete foundation; and the functions of the structure are as follows: the vertical positioning and connection structure of the tower body structure and the concrete can randomly shift within a set range along the axis of the foundation so as to adapt to the requirements of different sizes of the tower body structure on different positions of the vertical positioning and connection and a repeated combination decomposition structure, and reduces the production and use cost while realizing the wide applicability of the vertical positioning and connection between standard and serialized prefabricated concrete foundations and the tower body structures of the tower mast mechanical equipment from different manufacturers with the same performance level.


In addition to an organ donor shortage, racial disparities exist at different stages of the transplantation process. Xenotransplantation (XTx) could alleviate these issues. This study describes racial differences in attitudes to XTx among populations who may need a transplant or are transplant recipients.


The invention discloses a method for realizing configuration of main and auxiliary board cards as well as board cards. The method comprises the following steps of: for a plurality of alternative board cards in a plurality of board cards, transmitting a competition message to other alternative board cards by each alternative board card, wherein the competition message transmitted by each alternative board card carries the hardware information of each alternative board card; in a competition process, receiving the competition message coming from other alternative board cards by each alternative board card; comparing the hardware information of each alternative board card with the hardware information in the received competition message by each alternative board card, and determining the alternative board cards winning in the competition according to a competition principle, wherein the competition principle is used for determining the alternative board cards as main control nodes according to the comparison result of the hardware information; and determining a unique main control node according to the competition conditions of the plurality of alternative board cards, and determining one alternative board card in other alternative board cards as an auxiliary control node by the main control node. In the invention, the determining range of the main control node is not limited in one fixed frame, and the performance of the finally determined main control node can be ensured.


It is a new model of original education to cultivate top and creative talents in engineering science and technology.This paper looks at its goal and model,main insurance and relationships to be dealt with in the course of cultivating dreative talents by setting up experimental class in Taiyuan University of Technologyand to find out the training model which is suitable for local engineering and polytechnic universities.


The paper analyses the sticking breakout in slab continuous caster at Hanbao Steelmaking Plant of Hebei Iron and Steel Group Corp.from Oct 2008 to Feb 2011.It analyses the process of sticking breakout through the shell.The reasons of sticking breakout was investigated by studying the performance of powder,the taper and oscillation of mold,the liquid surface wave,the change of cast speed and the casting operation.The preventive measures of the sticking breakout were put forward,which reduced the rate of breakout at Hanbao Steelmaking Plant.


A new solution has been found as regards the Earth's dynamics in eigenfield of force, generated by the Earth's body itself, the latter presenting both a conservative and dissipative system.


As the software defined radio based Digital IF technology has been widely used in 3G repeater.This paper presents a design of the wideband digital IF system.It deals with IF and high-frequency signal.The advantages are that the system reduces the part of analog circuit,gets less of signal distortion and noise.At the same time,it simplifies the circuit.It has the function of selecting bandwith and frequency.The paper analyzes the design of program and the structure of hardware.Also,it introduces the realization of FPGA and proposes a new AGC design.Test results show the feasibility of program.


We present a system for in-vivo skin imaging consisting of a two-photon fluorescence and a confocal reflectance video microscope. The two devices share one microscope objective, but have separate light sources, detectors, scan-units and control electronics. This makes it possible to image a region of the skin using the two different modalities, while exploiting the specific advantages of each method. In the images we clearly distinguish several skin layers, i.e., stratum corneum, viable epidermis, basal layer and upper dermis. Close to the skin surface individual keratinocytes in the stratum corneum are visible with the two-photon microscope, while in reflectance images the texture is much more uniform. Slightly deeper in the skin the smooth cellular structure of the epidermis becomes visible for both imaging modalities. Below the basal layer, which marks the boundary between epidermis and the dermis, fibrous structure appears which can be attributed to capillary vessels and dermal collagen. We use the combined imaging device for studying the effect of occlusion on human skin. From the fluorescence images we observe swelling of the stratum corneum, while the reflectance microscope shows changes in the scattering properties due to hydration. We show that by combining two microscopes in one we can obtain images that contain complementary information, thereby enhancing the potential for each individual modality.


The limited application of ozone depleting substance (ODS) such as CFC and HCFC refrigerants has encourage researchers to find a new alternative refrigerant. Hydrocarbon refrigerant such as R-290 (propane) has been widely used because it is environmentally friendly, save energy, and drop-in substitute. However, hydrocarbon refrigerants are flammable and categorized as A3 class refrigerant, so that the application of the refrigerants are limited by safety standard. In this research, an effort to lower the flammability of R-290 has been carried out. Series of flammability test have been done to proof that the flammability of R-290 is reduced by mixing it with R-22. Mixture of R-290/R-22 at molar fraction 0.4/0.6, 0.5/0.5, 0.59/0.41 has Lower Flammability Limit (LFL) above 3.5%, so that it can be classified as A2 class refrigerant. The optimum refrigerant charges of the refrigerant mixtures that give the highest COP have also been investigated. The results show that the optimum refrigerant charge of the mixture is lower than R-22 but higher than pure R-290. The system COP of R-290/R-22 mixture is higher than that of R-22 but lower than R- 290 system.


improvement of the cooperAtion between centrAl Actors By taking on different roles, the simulation gaming method lends itself brilliantly to the development of a deeper understanding of different parties' positions and the logic of actions and needs behind them. Through this roleplay, existing conflicts of interests will of course not be erased, but the respective interests and needs of the parties will become comprehensible and areas for cooperation visible.


Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) are expected to bring major transformations to transport efficiency and safety. Studies show a range of possible impacts, from worse efficiency of CAVs at low penetration rates, to significant improvements in both efficiency and safety at high penetration rates and loads. However, these studies tend to explore efficiency and safety separately, focus on one type of a road network, and include only cars rather than other vehicle types. This paper presents a comprehensive study on impact of CAVs on both efficiency and safety, in three types of networks (urban, national, motorway), simulating different penetration rates of vehicles with multiple levels of automation, using historical traffic data captured on Irish roads. Our study confirms existing results that near-maximum efficiency improvements are observed at relatively low penetration rates, but reveals further insights that the exact penetration ranges between 20% and 40% depending on the network type and traffic conditions. Safety results show a 30% increase of conflicts at lower penetration rates, but 50-80% reduction at higher ones, with consistent improvement for increased penetration. We further show that congestion has a higher impact on conflicts than penetration rates, highlighting the importance of unified evaluation of efficiency and safety.


An experiment was conducted to find out suitable organic cultivation practices for augmenting the productivity of cluster onion by adopting organic practice involving solarization with various amendments and nutrient management through various bulky organic manures, concentrated oil cakes, biofertilizers and foliar organic nutrition. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with 14 treatments replicated thrice. The treatments include a combination of solarization for four weeks with three different amendments viz., Vermicompost, Farm Yard Manure (FYM), and neem cake along with non solarized control and solarization without amendment. At the end of treatment period, inoculation with Consortium Bio Fertilizers (CBF) was done for specific treatments. The results of the experiment revealed that the yield attributes of cluster onion were superior under treatment combination involving solarization for 4 weeks with vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1, neem cake @ 1 t ha-1, CBF @ 2 kg ha-1 and foliar application of panchakavya @ 4 % sprayed 4 times. This was closely followed by the solarization with FYM @ 12.5 t ha-1, neem cake @ 1 t ha-1, CBF @ 2 kg ha-1, foliar application of panchakavya @ 4% sprayed 4 times.


As one kind of new management system, assets-like management of the national culture-oriented tourism resource must stick to the principles of sustainable development systematization, beneficial result harmonization, being market-oriented,value-keeping and value-added. To realize the optimization deploy and sustainable use of the national culture-oriented tourism resource, it is necessary to build and perfect laws and regulations, and to strengthen administration on the basis of clarifying the property-owning system.


In this diploma thesis, we study modern computational primality testing algorithms. In particular, our main focus is on two algorithms, one deterministic polynomial logarithmic time algorithm, the Agrawal–Kayal– Saxena (AKS), and one probabilistic algorithm which runs heuristically, the Elliptic Curve Primality Proving (ECPP). The AKS algorithm is the first polynomial logarithmic time deterministic algorithm that has been implemented, while the ECPP algorithm is a fast and widely used statistic algorithm. We implement the AKS algorithm with the use of the programming language C, and with the help of two muliple precision libraries, the GMP library, and the MPFR library. Our implementation shows that tha AKS algorithm is accurate, but also quite slow in comparison to other existing primality testing algorithms for small numbers (n < O(10*19)). This diploma thesis is divided into four main sections. In the first chapter, an introduction to the problem of finding prime numbers is made, mainly through a historic literature review. In the second chapter, we present the two algorithms that this dissertation examines. In the third chapter, we explain the implementations of the two afore mentioned algorithms. Finally, in the last chapter, we discuss about the capabilities and the limitations of the AKS algorithm.


In [ 101 the structure of vertex-transitive graphs of prime order was determined and they were enumerated. In [ l , 3, 41 the structure of their automorphism groups was completely determined while in [l, 51 the number of graphs and digraphs of order p , p a prime, having a specified transitive permutation group G 2 Sp as their automorphism group was calculated. In 121 the number of tournaments of order p having G as their automorphism group was given. In this paper we use the above ideas to investigate the relationship between graphs and digraphs and permutation groups for which each transitive constituent has prime degree, that is, each orbit has prime length. We use [6] for graph theoretic terminology and [ l l ] for permutation group terminology. We denote by Aut(X) the automorphism group of the graph or digraph X. We say X is vertex-transitive if Aut(X) acts transitively on the vertices of X. If G is a permutation group each of whose orbits has prime length, let A(p) denote the union of all the orbits of fixed prime length p and let GA(p) denote the restriction of G to A(p). If Q E G is a fixed permutation and S denotes a union of orbits of G, then 2 denotes the restriction of o to S.


AbstractLike most historic district in China, Wenming Historic Block in Kunming City is facing complex problems in the process of a property-led urban conservation project. This study presents the methodology of fuzzy multiple criteria decision-making (FMCDM) to figure out the most problematic issues among stakeholders in the process of urban conservation. First, this study reviewed related papers and government documents and then conducted fieldwork. This process made it possible to confirm the status quo of the urban conservation project in Wenming Historic Block. Thereafter, this study assessed the project. FMCDM was used to reveal the priority criteria of different stakeholder groups using a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) and to figure out the most problematic factors in the process of urban conservation with fuzzy simple additive weighting (FSAW) under the evaluation of four stakeholder groups. The criteria (1) management policy and regulation, (2) public engagement and information openness,...


Purpose: The purpose of this study was to verify an improvement in nutritional status and the adoption of healthy habits with respect to eating and physical activity in a population of students, following a health-education intervention. Study Materials and Methods: The sample was comprised of 90 adolescents between 15 and 17 years of age; 46 are male (51.1%) and 44, female (48.9%). All of them are from a public school in the city of Almeria (Spain). The study was conducted in three phases. The first phase involved an assessment of nutritional status. The second was comprised of an educational intervention on healthy habits with respect to eating and physical activity, while the third focused on an assessment of the effectiveness of that intervention. Results: Statistically, there was an improvement (p <0.000) in the nutritional status of the students who were evaluated, regardless of their gender. As to the adoption of healthy habits, significant differences in the Kreceplus test scores (p <0.000) were observed subsequent to the intervention, although not for physical activity (p = 0.568). Conclusions: The results show the procedures applied in this intervention to modify dietary habits were effective. Yet, physical exercise remains a pending issue among adolescents.


This work was undertaken to determine the genesis and role of creativity (Cr) in the formation of mental qualities that gave Homo sapiens (HS) the evolutionary advantages in intraand interspecific competition during the period of the intraspecific bifurcation of hominids on the border of the Middle and Upper Paleolithic. Creativity allowed HS to design the adaptive forms of purposeful behavior corresponding to the conditions and the degree of uncertainty, and create stable mental constructs, in the absence of perceptual sources, that do not require reactive behavior. Visualization of a target image, which originally had an applied and instructional value in the process of semantic filling, was transformed into a symbol, which, getting the qualities of the perceptual source, loses its connection to the primary value and initiates the creation of qualitatively new needs for hominids: bilateral (direct and inverse) relations in the system "subject-symbol." The ability to produce the prognostic hypothesis with expansion of the operating range of the HS mind allowed the ability to search and change the tactics of an adaptive behavior, which gave the results: improvements in quality of life and an increase in life expectancy (genetically fixed); domination in intraand interspecific competition; the emergence of new operating systems of the psyche, including the emergence and development of symbolic thought. As a criterion of creativity, with the potential ability for quantitative measurement, we propose the value of deviation of creative oscillations ("proposal" of a creative individual) from the boundaries between stereotypes: for the cognition sphere, a deviation from the border between recognizable and unrecognizable; for the social sphere, between acceptable and unacceptable. (Int J Biomed. 2016; 6(4):298-302.)


Preeclampsia is a complication of pregnancy characterized by inadequate placentation, with resulting fetal ischemia and commitment of several maternal organs.


Based on the imbalance thrust force method,taking into account different seismic intensity and different direction of seismic force,taking Hui Huichuan loess landslide as an example,the relationship between stability factor and seismic coefficient as well as the β angle of seismic action has been discussed for analyzing the stability sensitivity.The results show that the critical direction of seismic force is with a certain angle of horizontal direction directing outwards the slope,and increases with seismic coefficient.The critical direction of seismic force should be considered in loess landslide stability analysis.


Gold–polymer nanostructured composites have a great potential in the biomedical and advanced materials field as an antimicrobial agent against various pathogens, especially viruses. In the present work, gold and gold-PVP colloids have been prepared by the electrochemical reduction of hydrogen tetrachlorauric acid (HAuCl4·3H2O) precursor. The atmospheric pressure microplasma technique was used as a reducing agent, while D-Fructose was used as a stabilizing agent in the synthesis process. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) confirmed the crystalline behavior of both gold nanostructured particles and gold-PVP nanocomposites. The morphology of the nanoparticles was examined by SEM. The absorption characteristic peaks at 541 nm and 542 nm in UV-Vis spectra confirmed the surface plasmon resonance in gold nanostructured particles and gold-PVP nanostructured composites, respectively. Dynamic light scattering studies with percentage intensity distribution revealed particle size distribution ranges from 8–288 nm for gold colloids and 15–297 nm for gold-PVP colloids. Gold-PVP nanostructured composites have shown an improvement in the antiviral activity against the H9N2 virus as compared to bare gold nanostructured particles.


The use of data centers is ubiquitous, as they support multiple technologies across domains for storing, processing, and disseminating data. IoT applications utilize both cloud data centers and edge data centers based on the nature of the workload. Due to the stringent latency requirements of IoT applications, the workloads are run on hardware accelerators such as FPGAs and GPUs for faster execution. The introduction of such hardware alongside existing variations in the hardware and software configurations of the machines in the data center, increases the heterogeneity of the infrastructure. Optimal job performance necessitates the satisfaction of task placement constraints. This is accomplished through constraint-aware scheduling, where tasks are scheduled on worker nodes with appropriate machine configurations. The presence of placement constraints limits the number of suitable resources available to run a task, leading to queuing delays. As federated schedulers have gained prominence for their speed and scalability, we assess the performance of two such schedulers, Megha and Pigeon, within a constraint-aware context. We extend our previous work on Megha by comparing its performance with a constraint-aware version of the state-of-the-art federated scheduler Pigeon, PigeonC. The results of our experiments with synthetic and real-world cluster traces show that Megha reduces the 99th percentile of job response time delays by a factor of 10 when compared to PigeonC. We also describe enhancements made to Megha's architecture to improve its scheduling efficiency.


This paper designs an energy optimal management in smart grid infrastructure. As a way of assigning the prioritized optimal energy of the adjacent energy provider from the energy-requesting user, if there is a surplus of energy from the energy provider, the smart grid as being the closest to the user preferentially allocates the optimal energy to the requesting user in order to maximize the user satisfaction.


Introduction: FNAC is a simple, quick, inexpensive and minimally invasive technique for early diagnosis of palpable lesions in Head and neck. It is usually performed in outpatient department with nearly no complications. Objectives: To evaluate the role of FNAC and its utility in the diagnosis of palpable head and neck masses. To study the spectrum of head and neck lesions and its correlation with age, sex, and frequency of occurrence and its categorization into various groups. Methods: A study was conducted over a period of one year and two months by pathology department, SMS hospitals and Dr. M.K.Shah Medical College, Ahmedabad. Total 130 cases of Head and neck lesions were included during the study period. All patients coming from OPD'S of different departmentspresented with head and neck swelling were included in the study. Result: Out of 130 cases, 59 (45%) were male, 71 (55%) were female. Head and neck swelling was most common in the age group of 21-30 years (25.3%). Highest number of FNAC was done from lymph node followed by Thyroid gland and Salivary gland respectively. Lymph node swelling were the most common 81(62%), followed by thyroid 28 (22%), skin/subcutaneous 12 (9%), salivary gland 09 (07%). Conclusion: The accuracy of cytology diagnosis is very high if the requisition forms are accompanied with all relevant clinical history along with proper laboratory information. FNAC could differentiate the infective process from neoplastic one and avoids unnecessary surgeries. Thus, FNAC can be recommended as a first line of investigation in the diagnosis of head and neck swellings.


Unless sufficient evidence to the contrary exists, the exponential distribution is often assumed as a model for the failure density function in reliability predictions. The generalized gamma distribution, with known location parameter, is a three parameter distribution which encompasses the exponential, Weibull, gamma and many others. In this paper, (i) maximum likelihood estimation for the three parameters is indicated, (ii) it is noted that these estimators are asymptotically multivariate normally distributed, and (iii) using the distribution of the estimators, probability regions for the estimators of the parameters of the generalized gamma distribution are established for large sample situations. In situations where the generalized gamma can be assumed as the correct density function, the exponential and the Weibull are special cases. A method is presented using experimental or life data for rejecting (with a known probability of false rejection) the Weibull and (or) the exponential functions when the...


Abstract:The purpose of this study was to design a development frame for multicultural science program anddevelop a corresponding program using the frame. This study organized a development frame to design amulticultural science education program based on the culturally responsive teaching theory. This development frameconsisted of the elements of purpose, teaching examples, teaching and learning methods, and assessment. Thisprogram consisted of the guideline for class teaching courses, reading materials, student worksheet, and teachers'reference materials. Based on this development frame, a multicultural science education program was developed,which was comprised of seven activities for elementary and middle school students. Each activity of the programincluded the concept and inquiry related to science education. In particular, by connecting the concept of science withthe cultural characteristics of various countries, the activity made students aware of cultural diversity and thecommonness of science principles. Compared to other subjects, the science education field has not activelyundertaken studies on multicultural education. In term of dealing with universal principles, science education issuitable for making students aware of commonness. Accordingly, this gives rise to the need to draw culturalcharacteristics based on basic studies such as the analysis of science textbooks in various countries and developculturally responsive programs utilizing the outcomes. Key words: culturally responsive teaching, multicultural science education program, cultural diversityJeju National University


The taxonomy of rain forest species of the genus Chlorophytum in central and west Africa has to date been difficult to resolve. Plants collected in the Guineo-Congolean plant geographical region deposited in several herbaria formed the basis for a morphometric analysis using Principal Component Analyses and including 16 characters. In total, 166 individuals were included from 461 herbarium collections, from which 57 seeds were scanned to investigate the surface structures. Eight species are recognized, including one with three subspecies and another with three varieties. Four new combinations are proposed (Chlorophytum comosum (Thunb.) Jacques var. bipindense (Engl. & K. Krause) A.D. Poulsen & Nordal, C. comosum (Thunb.) Jacques var. sparsiflorum (Baker) A.D. Poulsen & Nordal, C. lancifolium Baker ssp. cordatum (Engl.) A.D. Poulsen & Nordal, and C. lancifolium Baker ssp. togoense (Engl.) A.D. Poulsen & Nordal), ten new synonyms are introduced and three lectotypes are designated. © 2005 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2005, 148, 1–20.


An apparatus for fixing a PCB(Printed Circuit Board) of an electronic apparatus is provided to insulate the PCB by separating the PCB from a bottom cover by a required distance. An apparatus for fixing a PCB of an electronic apparatus includes a main body(110), plural hooks(120), and a coupling bolt(130). The main body is mounted on a cover. A support unit to support the PCB is formed at an upper portion of the main body. A nut coupling hole is formed in a vertical direction on the main body. The hooks are formed downward from the main body and coupled with respective holding holes which are formed on the cover. The coupling bolt penetrates the PCB to be coupled with the nut coupling holes on the main body. The coupling bolts fix the PCB.


This system has been developed as a subsystem of the diesel engine propulsion plant of a super-automated ship. Many conventional diagnostic expert systems involve a variety of difficult problems. A study to solve these problems has produced a failure diagnostic system applying composite/structure design, which has been used to develop traditional procedure type programming. The paper describes an approach to develop the failure diagnosis system based on a Hitachi Zosen B & W low speed marine diesel engine's startup.


The invention discloses a finger device for a double-joint three-axis-wheel combined underactuated robot, which belongs to the technical field of bionic robotic hands. The finger device comprises a base, a motor, a reducer, a base shaft, a near joint shaft, a middle finger section, a far joint shaft, a tail end finger, multiple transmission mechanisms and springs. With the single motor, multiple shafts, multiple transmission mechanisms with different transmission ratios, springs and the like, the finger device achieves the combined underactuated catching advantages that: fingers are coupled and turn to an object to be caught, and self-adaptively catch the object; the catching process is like that of a human hand, the action is flexible, the catching of the object is stable, objects of different sizes and shapes can be caught in a self-adaptive manner, the requirement on the control system is low, and the manipulation is easy; meanwhile, the structure is simple and compact, the energy consumption is low, the transmission efficiency is high, the cost is low, the assembly and maintenance are convenient, the shape of the finger device is similar with a human hand, and the finger device is suitable to be used as a hand of a bionic robot.


A ploymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)analysis was used to differentiate eight kinds of Bursaphelenchus.The samples were gathered from 8 counties in Sichuan province.The results showed that the samples from LS and YA were validated as B.xylophilus;the samples from DZ and LS were validated as B.mucronatus;and the others were validated as B.rainulf,B.hofumanni,B.thailandae.Four kinds of restriction enzymes(Dra Ⅰ、Sal Ⅰ 、Hha Ⅰ、Alu Ⅰ)produced specific restriction sites,so that the enzymes selected in trial can differentiate B.xylophilus and B.mucronatus,from the others except Sal Ⅰ.The result will offer reference to identify Bursaphelenchus by molecular means.


The Abbott Government says its proposed metadata retention laws are critical to fighting crime and terrorism. But similar schemes in Europe have been wound back following legal challenges. This week the District Court of The Hague scrapped the Netherlands' data retention law, finding that it violated fundamental European Union privacy rights. The country's government-funded privacy watchdog says there's no evidence that data retention has been helpful for law enforcement. Guests: Jacob Kohnstamm, Chairman of the Dutch Data Protection Authority Credits: Reporter, Tim Roxburgh


In the study, the authors are interested in investigating the stability analysis and state estimation of Markov jump static neural networks subject to time delays by the feat of Bessel–Legendre inequality. A canonical Bessel–Legendre inequality, which converts the limited interval [ − h , 0 ] required in traditional Bessel–Legendre inequality to a general interval [ a , b ] is employed. Accordingly, compared with the existing results, the restriction is naturally relaxed and the less conservative criterion is presented. The stability analysis is complicated after constructing an enhanced Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional suitable for the canonical Bessel–Legendre inequality. Furthermore, taking account of the information of system mode, the mode-dependent scheme is applied to the design of a state estimator. Corresponding results to the stability of the estimation error system and the acquisition of the desired observer are presented. In the end, an example, which proves the validity of the method is given.


Purpose: This descriptive phenomenological study explored the lived experiences of patients recovering from Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). Methods: Using a purposive sampling method, participants were recruited from the Korean Psychological Association's Mental Health and Wellness Center in G city, South Korea, from May 5 to December 30, 2020. The interviews were analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step method. Data saturation was reached after interviewing 14 participants. Results: The experiences of patients recovering from COVID-19 were clustered into 4 main themes and 10 subthemes:, namely, the patients' 1) stigmatization, leading to anxiety, fatigue, and concern about neighbors;2) negative emotions: anger and helplessness;3) coping strategies under pressure: increased gratitude, self-reflection, and self-efficacy;and 4) ways of overcoming internalized stigma: personal growth and hope for the future. Discussion: The results suggest that the positive and negative emotions of patients recovering from COVID-19 are interwoven and coexist against the background of the pandemic. Improvement of social networks, development of coping skills, and psychological growth play an important role in alleviating the psychological burden of recovering patients.


HIV-TB has been a serious case of many countries all over the world. Among 50% of people with HIV also carry TB. State-owned provincial hospital, in Jayapura in its first quarter of 2008 reported that 13 of 40 patients with TB were positively HIV affected as of 31thDecember 2008. Cases that reported by Health Local Office and Statistics Local Office of Papua Province revealed that 4,548 cases are HIV/AIDS, resulting in 22.11% of the total 721 (15.85%) HIV-TB cases. Several risk factors, which affected the HIV-TB incident were age, sex, education, occupation, malnutrition, diabetes mellitus, cancer, high-risk sexual behaviors, blood transfusion/donor, TB risk behaviors, and health care.This study uses casecontrol design. The study was performed in Jayapura, using 50 samples of respondents for each case group. The study applied retrospective research from 2007 to 2009.According to the statistical analysis, it revealed as follows: blood transfusion OR: 4.434; CI 95% 1.294- 15.191, condom use (no condom use) OR: 3.709; CI 95% 1.196-11.5, persuasion for the health check-up and information search OR: 7.486; CI 95% 1.7-33.6. Factors which not affecting the HIV-TB incident were sex, age, occupation, monthly income, place of origin, education, narcotics consumption, density settlement rate, house ventilation, bedroom lighting, inadequate monitoring, and poor intervention.The study concluded as follows: blood transfusion p=0.018, condom use p=0.023 and persuasion for the health check-up and information seeking p=0.09. At last, the risk factors affecting the HIV-TB incident resulted in 86.3%.


In the last decade India's trade policy has focussed on trade liberalization through Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs). This article poses the question whether RTAs benefit the trader, the ultimate user of such agreements. From a primary survey of Indian certifying agencies the article finds four interesting facts: (a) even though ISFTA is used mostly by Indian exporters, utilization rate for ISFTA is as low as 11 per cent; (b) SAPTA is preferred more than SAFTA, despite wider coverage of the latter; stricter Rules of Origin under SAFTA may be the reason; (c) Indian exporters export a lot to Singapore but not through the RTA, even though Singapore has given tariff-free entry to all Indian exports; low tariff preference margins, coupled with costs of proving origin, may be the reason for such low utilisation; (d) the whole gamut of RTAs has not been of much use to Indian exporters—the GSP is utilized much more (96 per cent of issued CoO) by Indian exporters than all of India's RTAs put together


Under atmospheric conditions a water falling film evaporative heat exchange test was performed of compact tube banks composed of single row and three row staggered smooth tubes and roll pressed intensified heat exchange ones. It has been confirmed that under intermediate and low thermal loads the heat exchange factor of the roll pressed tubes can be enhanced 3 4 times, thus exhibiting excellent intensified boiling heat exchange performance. Tube pitch and losses due to liquid film splatter have a very small influence on evaporative heat exchange characteristics. Also investigated is the difference in heat exchange characteristics of the single row and three row tube banks. Tests have shown that such difference is more marked in a low Reynolds number zone.


Complications of earlier methods of peritonea! dialysis are eliminated by a new technique of intermittent dialysis utilizing commercially prepared electrolyte solutions, special catheters, and a "closed system" of infusion and drainage. This was mechanically successful in 76 instances. Conditions treated satisfactorily included acute renal failure, barbiturate poisoning, intractable edema, hepatic coma, hypercalcemia, and chronic uremia. Although less efficient than the artificial kidney on an hourly basis, peritoneal lavage is easier to use over extended periods of time.


Methods are disclosed for, within a note-taking application, selectively synchronizing different notebook components with a centralized server. In one particular embodiment, different notebook components are assigned different synchronization rates based on usage characteristics. The different notebook components are synchronized more or less frequently relative to each other based on the assigned synchronization rates.


The article summarizes ring recoveries from 2 Steppe Eagles ( Aquila nipalensis ) and 2 Eastern Imperial Eagles ( Aquila heliaca ) from Iraq that were ringed in Russia and Kazakhstan, as well as ring recoveries from 2 Steppe Eagles and 3 Eastern Imperial Eagles from the border regions of Iraq (Iran, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia) that were ringed in Russia. Threats for eagles in Iraq are discussed in this article.


We propose a novel concept for a semiconductor-based single-photon detector for quantum information processing, which is capable of discriminating the number of photons in a light pulse. The detector exploits the charge transport by a surface acoustic wave (SAW) in order to combine a large photon absorption area (thus providing high photon collection efficiency) with a microscopic charge detection area, where the photo generated charge is detected with resolution at the single electron level using single electron transistors (SETs). We present preliminary results on acoustic transport measured in a prototype for the detector as well as on the fabrication of radio-frequency single-electron transistors (RFSETs) for charge detection. The photon detector is a particular example of acousto-electric nanocircuits that are expected to be able to control both the spatial and the spin degrees of freedom of single electrons. If realized, these circuits will contribute substantially to a scalable quantum information technology.


People in Pain: Guidelines for Pastoral Careby Wayne E. Oates and Charles E. Oates (Philadelphia, PA: Westminster Press, 1985) is a unique book from several standpoints. First, it is written by two very highly respected professionals in their own fields who just happen to be father and son. Second, it is unique in that it seeks to reconcile what at times appears in the field to be wide discrepancies between psychological, physiological, and spiritual understandings of the phenomenon of pain. Thirdly, it is unique in that it attempts to cover highly technical understandings of the neurophysiology of pain and apply those in very practical and down-toearth ways that an average pastoral care giver may use in understanding and ministering to pain.


This paper presents a high-conversion ratio bi-directional dc-dc converter with coupled inductor. In the boost mode, two capacitors are parallel charged and series discharged by the coupled inductor. Thus, high step-up voltage gain can be achieved with an appropriate duty ratio. The voltage stress on the main switches reduced by a passive clamp circuit. Therefore, the low resistance RDS(ON) of the main switch can be adopted to reduce conduction loss. In the buck mode, two capacitors are series charged and parallel discharged by the coupled inductor. The bi-directional converter can have high step-down gain. Aside from that, all of the switches achieve zero voltage-switching turn-on, and the switching loss can be reduced. Due to two active clamp circuits, the energy of the leakage inductor of the coupled inductor is recycled. The efficiency can be further improved. Simulation of open loop and closed loop control of novel high-conversion-ratio bi-directional dc-dc converter with coupled inductor is done in MATLAB and output is obtained. Hardware implementation of the open loop is being done and the output is obtained.


For lack of methods in dental pulp vitality detection,large error and pain to the patient using current ways,a new instrument present in this paper,which based on fluorescence detection.The basic function of hardware modules and the flow of software are all described in detail,also include the design parameters.A touch screen and a TFT screen are used in the instrument,so it can display the result vividly,and can be set the parameter easily.In simple test,the nonvital teeth can be distinguished from the healthy teech.To change the fluorescent filter,the instrument can also be used in the detection of dental caries and dental plaque.


Based on the task-based language learning theory,self-learning theory,cognitive theory of Marxism "zero-class-hours" teaching model has become a hot national university reform.It is applied widely in many professional courses in English in particular.However,this post dot-com still many worthy of our thought.The definition of "zero-class-hours",details of the implementation process,as well as implementation issues that may arise are worthy of attention and thought.


Cost estimates were made for plants to process the fuel from a l000-Mw SGR by solvent extraction and hightemperature methods. The estimated capital investment costs were 500,000 for the solvent extraction method and 0,000 for the high-temperature method. The estimated annual costs were 800,000 and 100,000, respectively. The fuel cycle used for the comparison involves the removal of plutonium from the spent fuel and the addition of the plutonium to natural uranium for new fuel. The fuel rcmains in the metallic state throughout the hightemperature process. In the solvent extraction process a final metal reduetion step is necessary which adds to the processing costs of the fuel. Thus, in the fuel cycles in which the bulk of the spent fuel would be recycled, the high-temperature method has an even greater economic advantage. Proposals are presented for a pilot plant for processing various fuel alloys by high- temperature methods. The plant would furnish the necessary engineering data for full-scale plant design, for cost analyses, and for choosing the optimum processing method for a particular fuel. It is estimated that a pilot plant could be built in conjunction with the Sodium Reactor Experiment for 0,000 and operated for an annual cost ofmore » 0,000. (auth)« less


The purpose of the work is to assess the consequences of the industrial development of the territories of traditional nature management of the indigenous peoples of the North. In order to achieve the goal, the investment projects planned on the territory of the Arctic and considered in the ethnological expertise of the Yakutia are analyzed. The structure of the Yakutia economy is dominated by the mining industry. The Arctic and northern territories of Yakutia are characterized by high vulnerability to technogenic impacts. In 2012–2021, 39 investment business projects were considered in the republic's ethnological expertise, including 12 ones in the Arctic and northern regions. In order to improve the health and quality of life of indigenous peoples in the areas of industrial development, it is necessary to conclude a trilateral Co-operation Agreement between the project customer, state authorities and authorized representatives of indigenous peoples. In order to monitor the quality of life of indigenous peoples, it is necessary to adopt the Program of ethno-ecological monitoring in the territories of traditional nature management. The study was carried out using historical-geographical, analytical, synthetic, statistical methods. The results of the work can be applied by specialists of state structures, scientists, students.


We consider the accretion process in the X-ray binary systems with neutron stars as relativistic components. We focus our investigation at the question of magnetospheres formation in the process of mass accretion onto the neutron stars in these systems. We note that the answer to this question depends, in particular, on the geometry and physical parameters of the accretion flow. We show that magnetospheres are the most likely to form in the systems with spherical (quasi-spherical) accretion. Formation of a magnetosphere is less likely in the case of accretion through the Keplerian disk or in the MAD-accretion scenario. This findings should be taken into account in the estimation of expected number of accreting X-ray pulsars in the low-mass X-ray binaries.


The invention provides a polyurethane resin composition, providing a polyurethane resin condensate which has excellent workability in early mixing stage, can be solidified in shorter time and reduces dissolution of an organic compound in water. The two-fluid polyurethane resin composition comprises an isocyanate-containing main agent (I) and a polyalcohol-containing curing agent (II), wherein themain agent (I) contains aromatic polyisocyanate (A) or urethane prepolymer which has an isocyanate group at the tail end; and the curing agent (II) contains caster oil (C), polypropylene glycol (D) with the molecular weight of between 100 and 300 and a polyalcohol mixture (E) which contains the following components with the average hydroxyl value of between 250 and 400mgKOH/g: caster oil (a), alkylene oxide affixture of sorbierite (b) with the average hydroxyl value of between 400 and 800mgKOH/g, and alkylene oxide affixture of glycerol (c) with the average hydroxyl value of between 400 and 800mgKOH/g.


To fulfill the requirements of future technology nodes new resists with high resolution, high sensitivity and low LWR and LER respectively are needed. A new inorganic non-chemically amplified resist (XE15IB, an experimental resist provided by Inpria Corp.) was investigated. The resist is spin-cast from aqueous solution and is based on hafnium oxide. Metal oxide based resist as XE15IB supersede other resist materials due to its high etch resistance.1, 2 This new material can be considered as a direct patternable spin on hard mask. XE15IB was processed in a 300mm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) manufacturing environment and exposed on a 50 kV VISTEC SB3050DW variable shaped electron beam direct writer at Fraunhofer Center Nanoelectronic Technologies (CNT). The resist was evaluated in terms of contrast, sensitivity and resolution. The process characteristics required for CMOS manufacturing such as delay stability were also examined. Furthermore, by printing a large static random access Memory (SRAM) pattern (design CD of 22 nm), the exposure of a real application pattern was demonstrated.


We evaluated the repellency of dimethyl anthranilate (DMA) and methyl anthranilate (MA) in 1- and 2-choice feeding trials with and without methiocarb (MB) on captive Canada geese (Branta canadensis) and mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) because both species cause crop damage or nuisance problems. In 2-choice trials, concentrations of 1% (g/g) DMA and MA were avoided by both species. Concentrations of 2% DMA and MA, and an economically similar concentration of MB (0.1%), reduced (P≤0.005 and P≤0.01, respectively) consumption by geese and ducks in 1-choice tests. Of the 3 materials, MA and MB were the strongest feeding deterrents and warrant further testing in the field


A low-cost hybrid textile/PCB wearable rectenna is designed for smart on-body applications. It is an integration of a textile patch antenna and a highly efficient rectifier on a small PCB substrate, where the feeding aperture of the antenna is significantly miniaturized by exploiting an LC loading technique to have an effective integration with the rectifier. The feeding-rectifying circuitry is attached to the back of the antenna by normal sewing threads. The essential components are soldered on the small rigid PCB for a robust connection. The size of the rectenna is <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.817\times 0.817\,\,\lambda _{0}^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> while the rigid substrate area for the feeding-rectifying circuitry is only <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.278\times 0.147\,\,\lambda _{0}^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3.4\times1.8$ </tex-math></inline-formula> cm) at 2.45 GHz. The intrinsic dielectric/conduction loss of textile feedlines, the loss of antenna-to-rectifier interconnectors, the loss of soldering or gluing on textiles, and the loss due to body absorption from typical large feeding slots are constitutively reduced. The soldering points and the consequent hard-to-be-characterized parasitic effects on textiles are avoided. The proposed integration approach reduces the cost and eases the rectenna design, fabrication, and integration. As a result, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the rectifier reaches up to 39.5% at −20 dBm input power level whilst the experimental rectenna prototype achieves the state-of-the-art PCE of 41% at an extremely low incident power density of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.4~\mu \text{W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/cm2. The maximum PCE is 56% at the −5 dBm input power. Finally, the possibility of harvesting datalink energy from PC/mobile phones as power source for wearable electronics is investigated.


In China,hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS) is still endemic in 31 of 32 provinces,autonomous regions and metropolis,and accounts for 90% of the HFRS cases reported globally.Some studies indicated that HFRS incidence was significantly different among different precipitation,temperature level,land-cover,soil types and normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI).The current study proposed to explore the temporal relationship between the inter-annual variation in the number of cases of human disease caused by hantavirus and time series of NDVI in order to predicate the trend and level of the case number of HFRS.Dayangshu district in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region was selected as the study area.Based on Landsat TM image,the land-use of this district was divided into four categories:hill,forest,farm-land and residence area.The relationship between the case number of HFRS and time series NDVI was explored by using graphic demonstration,correlation test and linear regression analyses.The study indicated that the highest correlation coefficient was 0.67(P value0.001) between three months backward NDVI and the number of cases of HFRS in farmland.The result also indicated that the peak of cases happened 3 months later than the peak of monthly NDVI.This study quantified the temporal relationship between NDVI and the number of the cases of HFRS.


We describe an ATM network simulator that uses Markov-modulated fluid models for the sources as well as fluid leaky buckets and fluid bandwidth schedulers. The generalized processor sharing (GPS) and "idling" bandwidth schedulers are described. We argue for the use of the idling scheduler over GPS. Based on this fluid model, a simulator for ATM networks has been developed. The simulator employs the well-known discrete event-driven approach. Finally, simulation results are given that, in particular, compare the performance of fluid and "cell-level" simulators. The experimental results indicate that while the fluid simulator is much faster for ATM networks with certain characteristics, some key issues still need to be addressed to widen the applicability of this approach.


Is contemporary French society structured into social classes? And how should one describe that strata of society—which makes up a statistical majority—comprised of industrial laborers, white-collar workers, 1 and small-time self-employed workers (shopkeepers, tradesmen, and farmers)? Is it still appropriate, in this day and age, to speak of "working classes" ("classes populaires", in French2)? These are the basic sociological questions informing a large number of empirical studies. These vast questions, however, usually result in a hodgepodge: studies focused on a single aspect of the problem and offering only partial and inadequate answers. The impressive work proposed by the five authors of Sociologie des classes populaires contemporaines is, consequently, very welcome. Coming in the wake of other recent


Analytical approximate expressions for the resistivity and its temperature coefficient of thin polycrystalline metal films have been derived by considering separately the contributions of the grain-boundaries perpendicular to the x-, y- and z-axes. Provided that the grain-boundaries act as moderately efficient scatterers reasonable deviations from the three-dimensional model are obtained; an approximate model then seems convenient with which to perform the calculations of the strain coefficients of such fine-grained films.


It is well known that soil pollution are directly linked to the amount of precipitation. Atmospherically introduced high lead concentrations in soils of Croatian karst occur along the sharp geomorphological boundary along which the Mediterranean climate abruptly changes into a cold continental climate and at altitudes above 900 m. Detailed studies of Pb distribution in soil profiles showed concentrations of lead in remote regions up to 200 mgkg-1 in the upper 4 cm of the soil profiles. With the application of the Pb/Sc ratio obtained during the geochemical baseline mapping of the topsoil cover in the Croatian at 1088 sampling sites, the spatial risk of acid deposition in areas of high geomorphic variability was evaluated. The empirical model built on the neural networks related the amount of atmospherically introduced Pb (calculated from the Pb/Sc normalization variable which separates the anthropogenically introduced Pb from lithogenic lead), extent and type of forest cover, digital elevation model with its variations as well as the mean annual precipitation. The correlation model was very high (R>0.85). The presented model, which links soil geochemistry with precipitation and degree of forest damage, was found to be a suitable tool for evaluation of the spatial acidification risk.


Density functional theory (DFT) together with non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) is used for the theoretical investigation of structural, electronic, and transport properties of zigzag <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$v_{1/6}-30^{\circ }$</tex-math></inline-formula> phase borophene nanoribbons (BNRs). Pristine and fluorinated <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$v_{1/6}-30^{\circ }$</tex-math></inline-formula> phase BNRs are considered for the nanoscale interconnect design. The binding energy computations indicate the improvement in the structural stability of the BNRs with increase in fluorine concentration. The E-k relations reveal the hydrogen (H) and fluorine (F) passivated BNRs are metallic. The quantum transport properties are evaluated using the two-probe geometry method. The current-voltage (I-V) behavior of the considered BNR devices are linear with applied bias. Further, interconnect distributed model is explored and the dynamical parameters are evaluated. The Fermi velocity (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$v_{f}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) is measured to be highest for the H and F passivated BNR (F-BNR-H) of about 3.784 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times 10^{4}$</tex-math></inline-formula> m/s. The dynamic parameters for the nanoscale interconnects are improved upon fluorinating the BNRs. The calculated values of quantum resistance (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R_{Q}$</tex-math></inline-formula>), quantum capacitance (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C_{Q}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) and kinetic inductance (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L_{K}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) for F-BNR-H are 1.845 K<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Omega$</tex-math></inline-formula>, 28.61 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$nF/m$</tex-math></inline-formula>, and 24.38 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$nH/\mu m$</tex-math></inline-formula>, respectively. Further, F-BNR-H device is found to have relatively lower delay from delay calculations. The stability and frequency analysis determine that the F-BNR-H has superior stability and bandwidth as compared to Cu interconnects. The interconnect performance is found to reduce with edge roughness and line parasitic effects. These theoretical findings suggest the fluorinated BNRs can be potentially used as the metal interconnect at nanoscale dimensions.


Theories of technology generationThere is a large literature on technology generation, and there are many ways of characterising the main debates. For present purposes it will be convenient to distinguish between two broad sets of approaches : those of the "splitters" and those of the "lumpers". Splitters view technology and social action as separate fields. Learning new ways of manipulating the physical materials of life is (or can be) a‑social (how we acquire knowledge of the composition of...


The invention provides a new medical application of TPCA-1 which serves as an STAT3 signal inhibitor to be used in preparation of an antitumor drug. Cell model screening experiments and Western-Blot detection experiments prove that TPCA-1 has excellent inhibitory activity and can effectively inhibit the expression of relevant gene which is regulated by STAT3, so as to effectively inhibit the growth of a tumor cell which is needed by the STAT3 signal. Therefore, TPCA-1 is taken as the major active ingredient, technology and accessory which are acceptable in pharmaceutics are adopted for the preparation of antitumor drug taking STAT3 as a target in various dosage forms, and a promising development prospect can be predicted.


Robert M. La Follette School of Public Affairs 1225 Observatory Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 Phone: 608.262.3581 / Fax: 608.265-3233 email@example.com / http://www.lafollette.wisc.edu The La Follette School takes no stand on policy issues; opinions expressed within these papers reflect the views of individual researchers and authors.


Lorrain's criticisms of our recent report are rejected. A trivial mathematical error in his analysis of our "μ-factor" experiment is pointed out which invalidates his argument.


The invention relates to a non-calcined desulfurized gypsum building block and a preparation method thereof. The non-calcined desulfurized gypsum building block is prepared from the following ingredients according to parts by weight: 36-40 parts of coal ash, 36-40 parts of desulfurized gypsum dihydrate, 2-4 parts of quick lime, 1-3 parts of ground slag, 9-11 parts of silicate cement, 5-7 parts ofvitrified microbeads, 0.1-0.2 part of water reducer, 1-3 parts of stearic acid-polystyrene emulsion waterproof agent, 0.6-1.0 part of compound activator and 0.04-0.06 part of polyethylene fiber, wherein the ratio of all ingredients to water is 100:37. Compared with the prior art, the non-calcined desulfurized gypsum building block has the advantages that the whole production process of the building block does not need to calcine desulfurized gypsum dihydrate into semihydrated gypsum and does not need to adopt high-pressure or high-temperature curing technology. More energy is saved in the production process, and investment cost and production cost are saved.


In 2012, CAFIU paid attention to inviting its council members to participate in its work, which received good results. Ⅰ. Convening the 3 rd Plenary Session of the 10 th Executive Council In May, 2012, CAFIU convened the 3 rd Plenary Session of the 10th Executive Council. The Session approved the augmentation of 41 new Council Members, who are all elites from political parties, the political, academic and cultural circles as well as social


The control of agricultural lands' use is a topical issue due to the changes in the land management system. The obtaining of reliable information for the vast territories about the agricultural lands' state is possible through the use of observation methods are based on remote sensing. The article presents the results of completed experiments of satellite data use for grain crops' assessment at Siberian Center FGBU «SRC" Planet"».


In Reply.— My letter and case report were not intended as a review of TCA overdose. As stated, cardiovascular complications are an important cause of death in TCA overdose. Certainly, TCA overdose may be accompanied by serious and life-threatening noncardiovascular complications, including CNS depression and coma, respiratory failure, and seizures (1977;238:135). 1,2 Some of these were exemplified in the patient I described in the case report. The purpose of my case report was simply to illustrate that the degree of QRS prolongation does not always accurately predict the severity of TCA overdose and that exceedingly high plasma TCA levels may be associated with apparently normal intraventricular conduction. Biggs et al (1977;238:135) had reported that the best clinical correlate to the severity of TCA overdose is a prolonged QRS duration of 100 ms or greater. All patients with TCA levels greater than 1,000 ng/mL in their study had a maximum


The problems of modern education system and ways to solve it. Examined the psychological and pedagogical conditions of formation of universal educational actions younger students. Specificity of formation of universal educational actions in the early school years.


This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of a centrifugal pump working as turbine (PAT). An end suction centrifugal pump was tested in turbine mode at PAT experimental rig installed in the Mechanical Engineering Laboratory of Universiti Tenaga Nasional. The pump with specific speed of 15.36 (m, m3/s) was used in the experiment and the performance characteristic of the PAT was determined. The experiment showed that a centrifugal pump can satisfactorily be operated as turbine without any mechanical problems. As compared to pump operation, the pump was found to operate at higher heads and discharge values in turbine mode. The best efficiency point (BEP) in turbine mode was found to be lower than BEP in pump mode. The results obtained were also compared to the work of some previous researchers.


The invention provides an anti-vibration actuator capable of obtaining a large drive force while avoiding an increase in size. An anti-vibration actuator (10) for moving an image-stabilizing lens (16) within a plane perpendicular to the optical axis thereof, including a fixed portion (12); a movable portion (14) to which the image-stabilizing lens is attached; a movable portion support means (18) for supporting the movable portion to permit translational and rotational movement within a plane parallel to the fixed portion; and first drive means (20a, 22a), second drive means (20b, 22b), and third drive means (20c, 22c) respectively disposed around the image-stabilizing lens for driving the movable portion relative to the fixed portion; whereby the drive force which can be generated by the third drive means differs from the drive forces which can be generated by the first and second drive means.


Tackling Complicity: How do we take on American colonialism in the Pacific in moments when strong elements of America and the Native Pacific seem to so mutually constitute each other? How do we when, for instance, American colonialism and militarization operate beyond government and warfare and extend into the realm of "traditional" islander culture? Or how do we when indigenous traditions express themselves in American cultural institutions, like football and military service? How to take on America in the Pacific, in other words, when America's most powerful arsenal is galvanized by Pacific cultural traditions, traditions that are often invoked as alternatives to American hegemony? It's difficult enough when economics press islanders into military service, but how do we deal with it when the U.S. military becomes valorized as the expression of, say indigenous Pacific warriorhood, or when military service becomes values of gratitude, loyalty, and respect? This paper tackles such formations head on, but n...


Summary form only given. Sources of metal plasma are applied in plenty of technological tasks, for example, in coatings deposition or electromagnetic separation of isotopes. Vacuum arc may be used as one of such source. Its main advantages are high productivity and ionization degree, but plasma of usual vacuum arc contains micro particles of cathode erosion products. External cathode heating decreases its current density and problem of micro particles disappears. In this work such diffusive vacuum arc was studied. Gadolinium and plumbum were used as cathode materials. For gadolinium 90% of arc current consist of thermal electron emission from cathode, and for plumbum this part is less than 0.01%.Arc was initiated in vacuum chamber with pressure of residual gases less than 10 mPa. The investigated substance which was the arc cathode was placed in molybdenum crucible with outer diameter 25 mm. Under the crucible there was an electron-beam heater with maximum power about 1 kW. Heater allowed changing the cathode temperature at fixed arc current. A stainless steel water-cooling disk was used as the anode. It had a hole with the diameter of 32 or 15 mm. The distance between electrodes was about 30 mm. Arc plasma was studied by spectrometric and probe methods. The discharge with plumbum cathode was studied in current range from 20 to 70 A and cathode temperatures from 1.2 kK to 1.4 kK. Typical discharge voltage was about 15 V. The arc with gadolinium cathode was studied in current range from 15 to 150 A, cathode temperatures from 1.9 to 2.1 kK and voltages form 3 to 50 V. Arc regime with singly high ionized (ionization degree is about 100%) gadolinium plasma was revealed. The average ion charge of plumbum plasma was estimated at the arc current 40 A. Average evaporation speed of gadolinium and plumbum was measured in arc conditions. It was almost two times less than without discharge at the same cathode temperature.


In this article, the first generation of healable sol–gel based polymers is reported. A dual organic–inorganic crosslinked network is developed containing non-reversible crosslinks and reversible (tetrasulfide) groups. The designed polymer architecture allows thermally induced mesoscale flow leading to damage closure followed by interfacial strength restoration due to reformation of the reversible groups. While the reversible bonds are responsible for the flow and the interface restoration, the irreversible crosslinks control the required mechanical integrity during the healing process. The temperature dependent gap closure kinetics is strongly affected by the crosslinking density and tetrasulfide content. Raman spectroscopy is used to explain the gap closure kinetics in air and dry nitrogen. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2014, 52, 1953–1961


JiTT (Just-in-Time Teaching) is a teaching method which emerged at the end of 20th century in America, whose core is "web-based active and interactive learning". By introducing the essential features and the theoretical basis, this article emphasizes on the application of JiTT in English reading class. Three steps of JiTT are presented in this article.


METHODS. Sixty-five unrelated Japanese patients with PCG were screened by PCR-single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis followed by direct sequencing. No patients were offspring of consanguineous marriages, a common occurrence among patients in previous reports. PCG haplotypes were constructed with intragenic polymorphisms in affected individuals. Three-dimensional atomic structures of human CYP1B1 and four mutant CYP1B1 sequences representing missense mutations were assembled using homology modeling and were regularized by an energy-minimization procedure.


There are many problems in the process of formation of urban management and law enforcement teams,however,this is not necessarily linked to its legal or not.In fact,the urban management team's composition and behavior of normal law enforcement can find certain basis from the actual titration.Urban management and law enforcement activities also have a huge administrative efficiency.Observed from the practice,urban management team is also towards the rule of law and standard direction.So the urban management team should be given the basic attitude of respect and fear.We need to recognize the positive role and find the sought solution to their problems,namely to build such urban management and law enforcement contingent which is rule of law,humane and transparent.


A detailed investigation of the correlation among intrinsic stress (σint), nonuniform stress (σnu), and phonon lifetime (1/Γ) was performed in order to obtain a coherent and comprehensive picture of the microstructure of diamond thin films grown by the electron cyclotron resonance-assisted chemical vapor deposition (ECR-CVD) technique. It was found that the diamond growth taking place by the ECR-CVD is different to that taking place by the microwave CVD and hot-filament CVD. Point and line defects, rather than sp2 C bonds, were found to be the dominant source of both nonuniform stress and reduced phonon lifetime. The surface relaxation mechanism in these films yields sp2 C at the expense of strained sp3 C, resulting in a trade off between diamond yield and crystalline quality. The diamond precursor that spontaneously forms on the unseeded substrates yielded higher quality diamond than planted diamond seeds. The grain boundary relaxation model proposed by Hoffman accounts well for the observed behavior of ...


Aims: To assess the rate of sodium-counter transport in healthy offsprings of parents suffering from essential hypertension comparing to those with normotensive parents. And see if this marker could be used as a diagnostic marker in essential hypertension. Subjects and Methods: The study was conducted on 15 offspring of normotensive parents (G1), 15 offspring with one hypertensive parent (G2) and 15 offspring of both essential hypertensive parents (G3). All groups were between 10-20 years of age and with equal gender distribution. All cases were labeled normotensive after taking detailed history, complete physical examination and laboratory investigations. Lithium efflux and maximum rate (Vmax) of lithium- sodium counter transport (a mode of Na- Na counter transport) was measured in red blood cells. Results: There was a highly significant (p<0.001) increase in lithium efflux at two and four hours and non-significant increase at zero hours, in subjects with family history of essential hypertension as compared to that in normotensive offsprings born of normotensive parents. Increase in Vmax of lithium-sodium counter transport of normotensive offsprings with both essential hypertensive parents was highly significant (P<0.001) than that of normotensive offspring with one hypertensive parent and with both normotensive parents. Conclusions: Lithium efflux and Vmax of sodium counter transport is raised in subjects with family history of essential hypertension as compared to those without family history of hypertension And therefore it can be used as a marker for the diagnosis of hypertension.


This report summarizes the 2nd International Workshop on Process Support for Distributed Team-based Software Development held at the Sheraton World Resort of Orlando, Florida, on July 25, 2000 in conjunction with the Information Systems, Analysis and Synthesis (ISAS2000) International Conference. An overall twenty people attended the workshop consisting of seven technical presentations in two plenary sessions. In the following, we outline the presentations and subsequent discussions, which included modeling and distributing process component, evolution and change, web-based framework, consistency management, and reuse and interoperability.The hardcopy of the papers selected for PDTSD'00 are published by the International Institute of Informatics and Systemics as a part of the "Industrial Systems" volume of ISAS 2000, ISBN 980-07-6695-2.


Logistics industry,according to the status of Xuzhou,Xuzhou logistics industry analysis of the gap with the developed regions,as well as the advantages of modern logistics industry in Xuzhou and prospects of the development of modern logistics in Xuzhou recommendations.