Objective
To evaluate clinical outcomes following one-stage anterior radical debridement, interbody fusion, and reconstruction titanium plate internal fixation for the treatment of lumbosacral spinal tuberculosis.

Methods
The clinical data of 30 patients (17 males and 13 females, aged range from 27 to 65 years, mean 37.5 years) with tuberculosis of the lumbosacral segments(including L5-S1)who were treated with anterior radical debridement, autologous iliac bone graft, and internal fixation with reconstruction titanium plate at Department of Spinal Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China from August 2011 to August 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients routinely received antitubercular drugs for 2 to 3 weeks before operation. Operation was performed when the general condition improved. All patients were systematically and routinely treated with antituberculous drug for 12-18 months after operation. The preoperative, 3 months after operation, last follow up erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR), C reactive protein(CRP), visual analog scale (VAS) , as well as Oswestry disability index (ODI) were analyzed.

Results
Thirty patients were followed up for 12-36 months, mean 18 months. At last follow-up, no lower limb radiation pain and tuberculosis recurrence were found in all cases. The VAS scores were significantly decreased from 7.8±1.7 at preoperation to 1.7±0.6 at 3 months after operation, and 1.5±0.5 at last follow-up(all P values 0.05).

Conclusions
Based on systemic and routine antituberculosis treatment, the surgical treatment of lumbosacral spinal tuberculosis with one-stage anterior debridement, bone graft and reconstruction titanium plate internal fixation have a direct and safe access to lesions of lumbosacral tuberculosis, and eradicate tuberculosis kitchen, reconstruct spinal stability and achieve good clinical outcome.

Key words:
Tuberculosis, spinal; Lumbar vertebrae; Sacrum; Spinal fusion


The article is devoted to the problematic issues in relation to legal regulation of aggrieved party's rights while concluding a pretrial cooperation contract. As a result of scientific discussion the author offers her own point of view concerning the problems of assuring rights in the process of criminal cases investigation in respect to the persons who concluded a pretrial contract.


This paper presents a novel design of face tracking algorithm and visual state estimation for a mobile robot face tracking interaction control system. The advantage of this design is that it can track a user's face under several external uncertainties and estimate the system state without the knowledge about target's 3D motion‐model information. This feature is helpful for the development of a real‐time visual tracking control system. In order to overcome the change in skin color due to light variation, a real‐time face tracking algorithm is proposed based on an adaptive skin color search method. Moreover, in order to increase the robustness against colored observation noise, a new visual state estimator is designed by combining a Kalman filter with an echo state network‐based self‐tuning algorithm. The performance of this estimator design has been evaluated using computer simulation. Several experiments on a mobile robot validate the proposed control system.


Based on the analysis of generic Low-Dropout Circuit and its frequency response, the dynamic performance restriction of LDO was analyzed. And, three kinds of larger current driving LDO circuits consist of NMCNR, AFFC and self-biased OP are presented on emphases and the influence of different compensation on system dynamic performance and stability are analyzed and compared. The simulation results are obtained by Hspice based on CSMC 0.6 μm CMOS process, which indicated that the clearly improvement in transient response has been realized in the system.


The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its signaling pathways are closely involved in the development and progression of prostate cancer. To understand the EGF-stimulated signaling pathways in prostate cancer cells, we constructed a mathematical model of EGF receptor signaling in PCRV cells based on the experimental data. The model was described by twenty-seven ordinary differential equations, and all parameters were estimated by genetic algorithm. The validity of the model was confirmed with time-course western blot data, showing that the model could successfully reproduce all experimental results.


SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) is a type of semiconductor memory that is designed to replace DRAMs for reducing power consumption and act as a CPU interface. It plays an important role for cache memory therefore its power dissipation reduction is the main concern. This paper compare three 6T-SRAM cell designs which are conventional; sleep and stack by using two body bias techniques that is DTMOS and VTMOS. Simulation are done using SPICE for 180nm technology parameter and simulated at 0.35V supply voltage. The comparative study of techniques shows that power of VTMOS is less whereas delay of DTMOS is low. Furthermore; sleep 6T-SRAM cell design shows minimum power consumption.


Earthquakes generate mass transport deposits (MTDs); megaturbidites (MTD overlain by coeval turbidite); multi-pulsed, stacked, and mud homogenite seismo-turbidites; tsunamites; and seiche deposits. The strongest (Mw 9) earthquake shaking signatures appear to create multi-pulsed individual turbidites, where the number and character of multiple coarse-grained pulses for correlative turbidites generally remain constant both upstream and downstream in different channel systems. Multiple turbidite pulses, that correlate with multiple ruptures shown in seismograms of historic earthquakes (e.g. Chile 1960, Sumatra 2004 and Japan 2011), support this hypothesis. The weaker (Mw = or < 8) (e.g. northern California San Andreas) earthquakes generate dominantly upstream simple fining-up (uni-pulsed) turbidites in single tributary canyons and channels; however, downstream stacked turbidites result from synchronously triggered multiple turbidity currents that deposit in channels below confluences of the tributaries. Proven tsunamites, which result from tsunami waves sweeping onshore and shallow water debris into deeper water, are a fine-grained turbidite cap over other seismo-turbidites. In contrast, MTDs and seismo-turbidites result from slope failures. Multiple great earthquakes cause seismic strengthening of slope sediment, which results in minor MTDs in basin floor turbidite system deposits (e.g. maximum run-out distances of MTDs across basin floors along active margins are up to an order of magnitude less than on passive margins). In contrast, the MTDs and turbidites are equally intermixed in turbidite systems of passive margins (e.g. Gulf of Mexico). In confined basin settings, earthquake triggering results in a common facies pattern of coeval megaturbidites in proximal settings, thick stacked turbidites downstream, and ponded muddy homogenite turbidites in basin or sub-basin centers, sometimes with a cap of seiche deposits showing bidirectional flow patterns.


Electrospinning technology is different from the conventional polymer forming technology and has wide applications.Electrospinning technology is the only technology for producing continuous nanofiber by now and it has become more and more mature both in theory and practice.And it can be offered in lab lectures.Through the research and exploration,it was found that electrospinning experiment could modify and improve the teaching of polymer forming experiment,and also greatly stimulate the students' interests and enthusiasm.And it has the important effect and significance in specialty experimental teaching.


The importance of representing floodplains and aquifers within the land surface and river modeling is explained in the discussion paper. The topic is very important for the hydrological modeling studies because incorporation of terrestrial water dynamics becomes possible recently by increasing availability of satellite datasets. The manuscript is scientifically well organized, and the analysis of the results suggests the possibility for improving the modeling system for continental hydrology.


There has been a significant increase in students taking courses online; however, many users stop after their initial experience. One was to combat this is to build an online learning community. One of the primary ways to build these communities is to build and maintain engaging threaded discussions in the classroom. This session will focus on how to create engaging questions, how to keep the momentum going, and how to use a grading rubric to encourage participation. Word Count: 100 limit


From 1967 to 1969, upon invitation by the Central Brazil Foundation, an ad hoc expedition from the Royal Society and the Royal Geographical Society, known as the Mato Grosso Expedition, took place in Brazil. The research then conducted was aligned to the Brazilian military government's plans to occupy and develop the area known as Central Brazil. Documents relative to the Mato Grosso Expedition indicate a resumption of post-colonial practices, as well as a shift from so-called 'pure science' towards applied science, in accordance with Brazilian developmentalism views. Analysis also shows that the British model for surveying unexplored territories was maintained, together with its consequences for science.


W, Schiffl H. Reduction of acquired high titer factor VIII antibodies by extracorporeal antibody-based immunoadsorption without additional immunosuppressive therapy. Thromb Haemost 1998; 80: 1035–6. 14 Négrier C, DechavanneM, Alfonsi F, Tremisi PJ. Successful treatment of acquired factor VIII antibody by extracorporeal immunoadsoption. Acta Haematol 1991; 85: 107–10. 15 Green D, Rademaker AW, Briet E. A prospective, randomized trial of prednisone and cyclophosphamide in the treatment of individuals with factor VIII antibodies. Thromb Haemost 1993; 70: 753–7. 16 Wiestner A, Cho HJ, Asch AS, Michelis MA, Zeller JA, Peerschke EI, Weksler BB, Schechber GP. Rituximab in the treatment of acquired factor VIII inhibitors. Blood 2002; 100: 3426– 2428. 17 Sallah S,Wan J. Efficacy of 2-CDA in refractory factor VIII inhibitors in persons without inhibitors. Blood 2003; 101: 943–5. 18 Schwartz RS, Gabriel DA, Aledort LM, Green D, Kessler CM. A Prospective study of treatment of acquired (autoimmune) factor VIII inhibitors with high-dose intravenous gammaglobulin. Blood 1995; 86: 797–804. 19 Hauser I, Schneider B, Leckner K. Post-partum factor VIII inhibitors. A review of the literature with special reference to the value of steroid and immunosuppressive treatment. Thromb Haemost 1995; 73: 1–5.


Fluids confined in nanopores exhibit several unique structural and dynamical characteristics that affect a number of applications in industry as well as natural phenomena. Understanding and predicting the complex fluid behavior under nano-confinement is therefore of key importance, and both experimental and computational approaches have been employed toward this goal. It is now feasible to employ both simulations and theoretical methods, the results of which can be validated by cutting-edge experimental quantification. Nevertheless, predicting fluid transport through heterogeneous pore networks at a scale large enough to be relevant for practical applications remains elusive because one should account for a variety of fluid–rock interactions, a wide range of confined fluid states, as well as pore-edge effects and the existence of preferential pathways, which, together with many other phenomena, affect the results. The aim of this Review is to overview the significance of molecular phenomena on fluid transport in nanoporous media, the capability and shortcomings of both molecular and continuum fluid modeling approaches, and recent progress in multiscale modeling of fluid transport. In our interpretation, a multiscale approach couples a molecular picture for fluid interactions with solid surfaces at the single nanopore level with hierarchical transport analysis through realistic heterogeneous pore networks to balance physical accuracy with computational expense. When possible, comparison against experiments is provided as a guiding roadmap for selecting the appropriate computational methods. The appropriateness of an approach is certainly related to the final application of interest, as different sectors will require different levels of precision in the predictions.


Objective: To analyze the contents the scientific production of Latin American nurses regarding on preparation and administration of medical drugs from 2005 to 2011 using Latin American and Caribbean Center Information the Health Sciences (LILACS) y Electronics Scientific Library (SciELO) databases. Methodology: The following research was an integrative review. Data collection was performed in the month of October 2012 and according to the inclusion criteria, were selected eight articles. Results: The articles were analyzed in terms of objectives, methodological path, main results and suggestions for improvement. The analysis indicates exclusive production of Brazil, descriptive studies, conducted in hospitals and general suggestions as continuing education, error reporting and implementation of a safety culture.


News are one source of information that is easily accessible for the public. News can build an image of or shape the public opinion on the reported object. As such, news is an important medium in General Election (GE) for both the public and the candidates, to know what instruments are being put in place and how they fare. In this research, we performed an ontology-based sentiment analysis to find out whether the 2019 GE in Indonesia has received a positive or a negative response according to the different instruments used. We performed two kinds of experiment, one was based on lexicon and another was using Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm. The results of our experiments show that SVM has a better classification performance. For lexicon-based method, the overall recall score was 28.8% and the overall precision score was 46.3%. Whereas for SVM-based method, the scores were 82.4% and 83.3% respectively. These differences may be accounted for the fact that SVM considered our training input instead of just a fixed list of words.


This research aim to ( 1) evaluate the implementation of Presidential Instruction Number 9 of 2000 on
Gender Mainstreaming Policies by the Local Government Surakarta regarding planning, implementation,
monitoring and evaluation, (2) reveals a variety of obstacles implementation of Presidential Instruction
Number 9 of 2000 on gender mainstreaming in Surakarta. As a genderperspective study, the research use
a sociological empirict approach and qualitative analysis. This research focuses on the key views: political
commitment, structure/ institutional of gender mainstraiming, networks of cooperation, and human re-
sources.

The results of this study indicate that gender mainstreaming policies in Surakarta contains in a various
programs implemented in various activities since the year 2003-2008. Women's empowennant is directed
to optimize the ability of women to achieve equality and gender justice, pursued through a policy of gender
mainstreaming, and then poured in a variety of programs such as Development and Women's Empower-
ment Program, Womens Life Quality Improvement Program, Child and Adolescent Development Program,
lnsfitulional Strengthening of Women's Empowerment Prgram. The implementation of Gender Mainstreaming
Policies in Surakarta faces some obstacles, including jurisdictional, cultural, and institutional constraints.
Keywords: evaluation, policy, gendermainstreaming


To define the standard for the normal physiological status of rats, about 300 Wistar strain rats, bred in our department, were examined for body weight gain with age in day, and weight of 11 organs-hypophysis, thyroid, adrenal, thymus, testis, ovary, uterus, heart, liver, spleen and kidney-were obtained for each body weight group. And the results were compared with Donaldson's report.As to body weight gain, our results approximately agreed with Donaldson's, but seemed rather lower as compared with recent growth curve for rats.As to correlation of body weight to weight of thymus, testis and ovary, our results tended to differ remarkably high in the latter. Weight of hypophysis and adrenal were evidently higher in females than in males, whereas those of thymus and kidney were conversely higher in male. In adrenal weight, there were remarkable differences between right and left side, the left exceeding the right without regard to sex.Female rats were examined for vagina opening and the first estrus, and from these results and organ weight increase, the puberty for sex was estimated to range 4575 days of age.Further, some discussions were made on whether it is reasonable to express the weight of the organ in ratio to body weight.


Basil (Ocimum basilicum) constitutes one of fixed oil producer plant. Basil oil take usually been done by water and steam distillation. This final task will try to make basil oil with vacuum distillation process and knows the conversion that resulting. Distillation constitutes to methodic mixture separation a substance bases distinctive boiling point. Vacuum distillation is done on pressure less than 1 atm. Volatile fixed oil on room temperature and has aroma that variably accords its producer plant. Basil constitutes clump plant, its oil a lot of is utilized for flavoring agent, perfume, and soap deodorant material. Vacuum Distillation tool series consisting of raw material tank, product tank, condensor, and vacuum pump. Oil making process cover pretreatment on raw material, tool preparation, distillation process, and product analysis. Basil that is utilized as much 3 Kg for each one attempt. Dissolving compare (water) with basil which is 2:1. distilasi is done up to 3 hours, 4 hours, and 5
hours. Conversion that resulting at most on attempt 3 hours which is as big as 0,0833%. On attempt 4 hours and 5 hour results conversion as much 0,042% and 0,0287%. Resulting oil density as big as 0,833 gr / ml; 0,84 gr / ml; 0,86 gr / ml. Basil oil refractive index as big as 1,476; 1,485; 1,487. Resulting basil oil have acid number as big as 1,35; 1,34; 1,31 and numeral latherings as big as 7,2; 6,68; 6,5. Resulting basil oil rust colored brownish, tangible molten with basils typical aroma. Base GC MS morphological result, basil oil contain main component as geraniol (7,86%), Z. sitral (7,02%), eugenol's methyl (4,88%), linalool (2,03%), and carboksilat acid.
From this experiment can take condition conclusionn that nicest on attempt up to 3 hours since results conversion highest and resulting oil quality have accomplishe


The Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN) is crucial for private, military, and commercial maritime operations, like environmental monitoring, underwater research, scientific data collection, and underwater wireless communications. The existing protocols for Terrestrial Wireless Sensor Networks (TWSNs) could be better in terms of power efficiency, reliability, and effectiveness. Due to their unique characteristics. The energy-efficient convergent depth variation routing (ECDVR) algorithm is introduced to evaluate and reduce power consumption by calculating the distance between each node point and node depth variation. This algorithm considers the two-hop neighbour depth variation when sending data to a neighbor node with a higher forward angle toward the receiver. It calculates the receive time contribution of the Adaptive Time Difference of Arrival (ATDoA). Adaptive Time Difference of Arrival (ATDoA) The arrival time of a signal makes it simple to estimate the time difference between two signals at a node. The storage node-to-receiver approach is the one that has been proposed for determining the node's remaining power for each information exchange. In the subsequent UWSN transmission, the sink allocates the node's higher power when the node reduces its power. Extending the packet's lifetime and shortening the time it takes to reach its destination boosts system performance. It outperforms the compared algorithms regarding node lifetime, dead node count, power consumption, and propagation delay.


In recent years, there has been a great demand for polymers designed with better functions that include blood and tissue compatibility (biocompatibility) and an antimicrobial activity. The surface modification of existing polymers is one of the most attractive ways to accomplish this. Treatment with plasma, gamma ray or electron beam leads to a sufficient level of activation of polymers so that specific monomers may be grafted. The extent of modification, i.e., the degree of grafting, may be easily controlled by the careful manipulation of the radiation exposure and reaction conditions. Graft modification may be carried out almost on all polymers with the creation of a desired functional chemistry both on the surface and in the bulk matrix. The grafting is applicable to almost all polymer-monomer combinations with enormous possibilities regarding physicochemical and biological characteristics to attain appropriate antimicrobial activity as well as suitable biocompatibility.


The Institute of Microfilmed Hebrew Manuscripts at the National Library of Israel has been microfilming Hebrew manuscripts for over half a century, and by author estimate they have copies of over 90 percent of the Hebrew manuscripts extant. The author method of identifying Italian manuscripts was as follows. Using the computerised catalogue at the Institute of Microfilmed Hebrew Manuscripts, he created random samples of medieval manuscripts. For instance, he could create a file of 14th-century manuscripts of philosophical content or 15th-century manuscripts of biblical commentaries, etc. Then he separates manuscripts bearing signatures of Italian censors, even if the manuscripts were produced outside of Italy, and added them to the list of "Italian" manuscripts. Half the Jewish population of Europe resided in Italy towards the end of the 15th century and a proportionate number of manuscripts extant at that time were in Italy. Keywords:Hebrew manuscripts; Italy; Jewish population


This article is a reflection on my own practice and its connection to changing representations of time and movement within photography. In my work as an artist and photographer, I have endeavoured to develop a particular perspective on the relation between the heritage of photomechanical tools, new technologies, memory and space. In what follows, I describe a series of pivotal moments in the formation of this perspective as they exemplify a specific strand of photography, showing how they connect to wider transformations in the field of visual cultures.


Abstract : Report discusses and analyzes the strategies and structure of national labor administration under the democratic regime installed in Brazil in 1985. It divides the government's approach towards labor relations into internal and external facets, then disaggregates the strategic and organizational dimensions inherent in each. Discussion of labor response to these initiatives is included, and an appraisal of the significance of this interaction for democratic consolidation in Brazil is made. Keyword: Democracy.


Emerging market financial crises are abrupt and dramatic, usually occurring after a period of high output growth, massive capital flows, and a boom in asset markets. This paper develops an equilibrium asset pricing model with informational frictions in which vulnerability and the crisis itself are consequences of the investor optimism in the period preceding the crisis. The model features two sets of investors, domestic and foreign. Both sets of investors are imperfectly informed about the true state of the emerging economy. Investors learn from noisy signals which contain information relevant for asset returns and formulate expectations, or ``beliefs'', about the state of productivity. Numerical analysis shows that, if preceded by a sequence of positive signals, a small, negative noise shock can trigger a sharp downward adjustment in investors' beliefs, asset prices, and consumption. The magnitude of this downward adjustment and sensitivity to negative signals increase with the level of optimism attained prior to the negative signal. Moreover, with the introduction of informational frictions, asset prices display persistent effects in response to transitory shocks, and the volatility of consumption increases


From the Publisher:
This book covers all development aspects of Corporate Data Analysis Systems (CDAS) based on data warehousing technology and OLAP. It covers everything from preparing commercial proposals, structuring the project, and developing the concept of the system to implementing the system. The authors give a comprehensive description of OLAP and data warehousing technology, provide practical ways to create, load, and administer multi-dimensional databases, and include a technique for developing end user OLAP applications. Considerable attention is also devoted to expanding corporate data analysis systems to the World Wide Web in Intranet/Internet networks. KEY FEATURES:

* Explains the principles of Data Warehousing and OLAP technologies
* Takes you through the steps in developing a CDAS based on Data Warehousing technology and OLAP
* Provides practical information for developing Data Warehousing using Oracle Data Warehouse Builder
* Teaches you how to create and manage multidimensional Databases with Oracle Express Server
* Explains application development using Oracle Discoverer, Oracle Analyzer, and Oracle Express Spreadsheet Add-in
* Shows how to expand the CDAS to the World Wide Web BRIEF TOC: Introduction; Introduction to Data Warehousing; Technique of designing and developing CDAS; Oracle Ware-house Builder; Developing Data Warehousing step by step; Oracle Express Multidimensional Data Server; Oracle Express Database programming; Application development; Expanding the CDAS to the World Wide Web AUTHOR BIOGRAPHIES: Sergei Arkhipenkov is a project manager for Luxsoft. He has twenty-years of experience in implementing data analysis systems. He is theauthor of several books in the area of Data Warehousing and OLAP. Dmitri Golubev is the chief of a programmers department at IBS, and for four years has been actively involved in developing corporate data analysis systems based on Oracle software.


The nuclear fuel reprocessing or fabrication and power plants must be assessed for a set of various normal and accidental situations including explosions due to either operation hazards or malevolent acts. In order to evaluate the consequences of such an aggression in terms of damage to the plants and of radiological release in the environment, IRSN has launched a program including experiments and development of numerical models concerning the behavior concrete walls which are parts of plants. The purpose of this document is to present numerical simulations of chimney wall behavior when submitted to an internal explosion. The simulation uses a three dimensional model with a finite element code. The wave propagation is estimated including the reflection on the wall (the combination between the incident wave and the reflected waves, the attenuation). The detonation simulation is done in considering the walls at rest. The dynamic response of the structure is an estimation relating the time sequence in which the pressure is applied on the surrounding walls. The concrete and iron reinforcements have been taken into account. The stresses, strains and the percentage of cracks in wall are estimated.Copyright © 2002 by ASME


The present invention relates to an apparatus for treating articles with radiation, the apparatus comprising a frame (1), in which the frame is mounted on the inlet star wheel (2) and an outlet star wheel (3), which are disposed to face the star wheel shield (6) an inlet (4) and an outlet (5), is attached to the processing starwheel (7) at least one pivot and at least one electron emitter (8) is located in vicinity of the processing starwheel in a shield case (6). The apparatus comprises a linear conveyor inlet (9) and a linear exit conveyor (10), respectively extending in the interior of the shield case, and opposite the inlet and outlet, wherein said conveying means comprises a linear conveyor (11, 13), transfer means formed around the shield wall baffle (12, 14).


Traditionally, Erythrina variegata (Family: Fabaceae) has potential effects for treatment of some diseases like convulsion, fever, dementia, inflammation, bacterial infection, insomnia, helminthiasis, cough, ulcer, cuts and wounds. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of Erythrina variegata on learning and memory in mice. Morris water maze and passive avoidance paradigm were employed to test learning and memory. Two doses (200 and 400mg/kg, p.o.) of ethanolic extract were administered for 21 successive days in separate group of animals. The dose of 200 & 400-mg/kg p.o. of EEEV significantly improved learning and memory of mice in dose dependent manner. Furthermore, this dose significantly reversed the amnesia induced by Corticosterone (5 mg/kg, s.c) induced amnesia. Hence, the present study concluded that Erythrina variegata possesses memory enhancing activity and manage the dementia. However, further studies are necessitated to identify the exact mechanism of action.


Integration of highly anisotropic multiferroic thin films on silicon substrates is a critical step towards low-cost devices, especially high-speed and low-power consumption memories. In this work, an oxide–metal vertically aligned nanocomposite (VAN) platform has been used to successfully demonstrate self-assembled multiferroic BaTiO3–Fe (BTO–Fe) nanocomposite films with high structural anisotropy on Si substrates. The effects of various buffer layers on the crystallinity, microstructure, and physical properties of the BTO–Fe films have been explored. With an appropriate buffer layer design, e.g. SrTiO3/TiN bilayer buffer, the epitaxial quality of the BTO matrix and the anisotropy of the Fe nanopillars can be improved greatly, which in turn enhances the physical properties, including the ferromagnetic, ferroelectric, and optical response of the BTO–Fe thin films. This unique combination of properties integrated on Si offers a promising approach in the design of multifunctional nanocomposites for Si-based memories and optical devices.


Story From the Front Lines A 65-year-old man with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension was seen in clinic for hospital follow-up. He had previously been admitted to the hospital with slurred speech and aphasia and diagnosed as having a left middle cerebral artery ischemic infarct. Tissue plasminogen activator was administered with a positive neurologic outcome. His only residual deficit was numbness in 3 digits in his right hand impacting his dexterity, which was improving with therapy. Initial workup to determine the cause of his stroke was unrevealing: no deep venous thrombosis (DVT) was seen on lower extremity ultrasonography; normal arteries were seen on carotid ultrasonography; and there was no thrombus in his left atrium. However, transesophageal echocardiography revealed a patent foramen ovale (PFO). He reported that the cardiologist wanted to close his PFO percutaneously to prevent future strokes. He was enthusiastic about pursuing this course of treatment and unaware of the data surrounding the efficacy, as well as the risks, of the procedure.


Shot peening is a mechanical surface treatment with a beneficial effect to generate compressive residual stress caused by plastic deformation on the surface of material. This plastic deformation can improve the surface characteristics of metallic materials, such as modification of surface morphology, surface roughness, and surface hardness. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of shot peening in different shot distance and shot angle on surface morphology, surface roughness, and surface hardness of 316L biomaterial. Shot distance was varied at 6, 8, 10, and 12 cm and shot angle at 30, 60, and 90°, working pressure at 7 kg/cm2, shot duration for 20 minutes, and using steel balls S-170 with diameter of 0.6 mm. The results present that the shot distance and shot angle of shot peening give the significant effect to improve the surface morphology, surface roughness, and surface hardness of 316 L biomaterial. Shot peening can increase the surface roughness by the increasing of shot distance and by the decreasing of shot angle. The nearest shot distance (6 cm) and the largest shot angle (90°) give the best results on the grain refinement with the surface roughness of 1.04 μm and surface hardness of 534 kg/mm2.


In what at first appears a book review of Francesco Casetti's The Lumière
 Galaxy: Seven Key Words for the Cinema to Come, Dudley Andrew's paper
 provides an overview of the most general and crucial discussion that the
 post-cinema theme brings to the fore. Not only does he bring together
 several theorists who participate in the debate throughout the globalized
 world – Mulvey, Aumont, Bellour, Dubois, Gaudreault, Marion, Rodowick,
 Casetti – but Andrew also reignites this debate that could be considered
 a scholastic quarrel about a process whose outcome is still uncertain
 – the end of cinema! – if it were not a historical mutation, the practical
 consequences of which we experience every day. Some partners in the
 dialogue initiated by Andrew appear in this book with new questions.


Firmness at 5 °C, dynamic viscoelastic moduli (G' G) and capillary extrusion profiles at 20 °C, were obtained on double cream cheese after the different steps of processing (curd obtention, mixing at 70 °C and 500 r.p.m. with heat-denatured WPC, heating at 85 °C, homogenizing at 20 MPa (1st stage) and 5 MPa (2nd stage) and cooling to 20 °C and 13 °C) and storage 7–9 days at 5 °C. It was found that double cream cheese became firmer and more elastic after heating and homogenization, although it became softer and more viscous after mixing and cooling. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and cryo-Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) micrographs showed that rheology results could be related to aggregation (during heating and homogenization) and disruption (during cooling) of milk fat globule/casein complexes. Dispersion of homogenization clusters after cooling, and aggregation of milk fat globules during storage caused double cream cheese structural instability to appear. It was suggested that the heterogeneity of capillary extrusion profiles could be quantified through application of fractal concepts and Fourier analysis and related to structure and texture of double cream cheese.


In order to better assimilate Sea Surface Wind (SSW) Speed Products of the Fengyun-3C Meteorological Satellite microwave scatterometer (MWRI) using the SSW data assimilation (DA) system of the National Meteorological Information Center, we use a new methodology for assimilation wind observations in the form of speed and direction. A new error estimation scheme is also proposed which takes into account the underlying ocean. All SSW data retrieved from HY-2 A, Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) and Fengyun-3C speed products underwent quality control measures before DA. DA comparative trials of different error estimation schemes and Fengyun-3C SSW Speed Products were also performed. Analysis fields were evaluated using SSW data from the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) using bias, root-mean-square error(RMSE) and correlation. Evaluation results of the new error estimation scheme indicate that this effectively improves analysis fields, and assimilating Fengyun-3C SSW speed products can reduce wind speed RMSE of analysis fields by 8% within the range of [15], [20].


Declining U.S. oil reserves and escalating energy costs underline the need for reducing fuel consumption in aircraft engines. The most promising unconventional aircraft engines based on their potential for fuel savings and improved economics are identified. The engines installed in both a long-range and medium-range aircraft were evaluated. Projected technology advances are identified and evaluated for their state-of-readiness for application to a commercial transport. Programs are recommended for developing the necessary technology.


The processes of electron scattering by crystal lattice defects such as vacancies, impurity atoms and dislocations are considered. The refined values of the sizes of the regions of interaction of electrons with the defects are obtained. The contribution of these defects to the resistivity and strength of the nanostructured Cu-0.5wt.% Cr alloy is estimated.


Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is the process of continuous and autonomous monitoring of the physical condition of a structure by means of sensors. It is a mean of Non-Destructive-Inspection for monitoring and ensuring the structural integrity of aircraft. SHM techniques have been explored to reduce air vehicle maintenance and repair costs while maintaining safety and reliability. This research investigated the benefits provided by developing and applying decision fusion algorithms to SHM systems. These algorithms should provide means for incorporating prior knowledge about the structure to improve the overall SHM system performance. The decisions of classifiers are combined using decision fusion methods to arrive at unified final decisions regarding the state of the monitored structure. The Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence was used for development of the decision-fusion algorithm. The fusion algorithm was implemented in Matlab and was tested on experimental data. The testing and evaluation results showed significant improvement due to fusion‥ The testing results reported in this paper compared performance of individual classifier decisions with the decision produced by the decision-fused algorithm.


Introduction: Studies have shown a significant degree of discordance between echocardiography (Echo) and MRI in the quantification of mitral regurgitation (MR). A contributing factor to this discor...


The significance of the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome for the anaesthetist is illustrated by a case report. There is a tendency to paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia and there may be associated congenital cardiac abnormality. In the presence of a rapid heart rate, arising spontaneously or after atropine, the distinctive W-P-W electrocardiographic pattern usually disappears and only when the pulse rate slows will the W-P-W pattern reappear. Thus in the absence of a previous electrocardiogram the diagnosis of W-P-W syndrome cannot usually be made when a patient presents, in the anaesthetic room for instance, with a very rapid pulse rate.


The development of rapid scanning FT-IR/TRS for a gas phase system is described. The main focus of the experiment is to obtain time-resolved spectra, by using a cell that can generate sufficient energy to record thermal excitation and relaxation of gas phase molecules. Several problems encountered by other workers have been eliminated by the optimization of a double hollow cathode cell configuration.


Multiple receive coil arrays are often designed for unilateral imaging of anatomy having bilateral symmetry. A technique is described for extending the utility of such arrays to simultaneously image both bilaterally symmetric anatomical features. A separate, complete multiple receive coil array is placed at each location. Two separate, noncontiguous 3D volumes are then acquired, one at each location, in an interleaved fashion. High‐impedance blocking networks are alternately activated and deactivated to minimize coupling between the arrays. It is demonstrated that there is no degradation in image quality when compared to a unilateral exam. A general method for analyzing the interactions between separate multiple coil arrays is presented.


Crude extracts were prepared from the leaves of ten medicinal plants viz., Alpinia galanga, Artabotrys uncinatus, Commelina benghalensis, Costus igneus, Euphorbia cyathopora, Justicia gendarussa, Kalanchoe pinnata, Panicum antidotale, Sauropus androgynous and Hibiscus using methanol as solvent and screened for their antibacterial activity against ten bacterial pathogens. The tested gram positive bacterial strains were Bacillus cerus, Bacillus megaterium, Micrococcus leuteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus lactis , and gram negative strains were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella typhimurium . Among the ten plants tested, the methanol extracts of Alpinia galanga , Artabotrys uncinatus, Costus igneus and Yellow Hibiscus exhibited higher antibacterial activity when compared to the other plant extracts. These four plant extracts were further used for the phytochemical analysis. Results of the phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of alkaloids, phenolic compounds and flavanoids. The antibacterial activities of the leaves were due to the presence of various secondary metabolites


Movement Control
What exactly does neuronal activity in the brain's motor cortex encode? In monkeys, Griffin et al. simultaneously recorded from a large number of muscles and from motor cortex cells that project directly to the motor neurons of the spinal cord. Even though the cortical cells had


In this paper, a single-stage power-factor-correction (PFC) rectifier with active power decoupling function is proposed. The proposed rectifier has a low component count as compared to existing solutions. Only two active switches, one inductor and one small power-buffering capacitor are needed. High power factor, wide output voltage range and active power decoupling can be simultaneously obtained. In addition, the rectifier has an inherent automatic power decoupling capability, and no dedicated active power decoupling control is required. Therefore, the control of the rectifier is simple and easy to implement. A 100 W prototype of the proposed rectifier with 110 Vrms/50 Hz input and a regulated DC output voltage ranging from 30 V to 100 V has been constructed and tested. The results show that with only a 15 μF power-buffering capacitor, a power factor of over 0.98, peak efficiency of 93.9% and output voltage ripple of less than 3% has been achieved.


Background Recent studies have demonstrated safety, feasibility, and decreased hospital length of stay for patients with weakness acquired in the intensive care unit (ICU) who receive early physical rehabilitation. The scored Physical Function in Intensive Care Test (PFIT-s) was specifically designed for this population and demonstrated excellent psychometrics in an Australian ICU population. Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the responsiveness and predictive capabilities of the PFIT-s in patients in the United States admitted to the ICU who required mechanical ventilation (MV) for 4 days or longer. Methods This nested study within a randomized trial administered the PFIT-s, Medical Research Council (MRC) sum score, and grip strength test at ICU recruitment and then weekly until hospital discharge, including at ICU discharge. Spearman rho was used to determine validity. The effect size index was used to calculate measurement responsiveness for the PFIT-s. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used in predicting participants' ability to perform functional components of the PFIT-s. Results From August 2009 to July 2012, 51 patients were recruited from 4 ICUs in the Denver, Colorado, metro area. At ICU discharge, PFIT-s scores were highly correlated to MRC sum scores (rho=.923) and grip strength (rho=.763) (P<.0005). Using baseline test with ICU discharge (26 pairs), test responsiveness was large (1.14). At ICU discharge, an MRC sum score cut-point of 41.5 predicted participants' ability to perform the standing components of the PFIT-s. Limitations The small sample size was a limitation. However, the findings are consistent with those in a larger sample from Australia. Conclusions The PFIT-s is a feasible and valid measure of function for individuals who require MV for 4 days or longer and who are alert, able to follow commands, and have sufficient strength to participate.


Gas content is the base of gas disaster prediction and prevention.Employing the mount of gas emission to calculate gas content may utilize ultimately gas data of mine.Gas content of 14 points in Gaocheng Colliery was calculated with back calculation formula which may be used after 0.6 was multiplied to it as modification.This formula may be extended to other mines for application.


Systems and methods for adaptive cruise control based on user defined parameters are disclosed. An example disclosed vehicle includes a GPS receiver configured to provide a location of the vehicle, an adaptive cruise control; and a cruise control adjuster. In the example cruise control adjuster is configured to generate an action when a cruise control event is defined for the location. In the disclosed example the cruise control event is based on past changes to the adaptive cruise control at the location. The example cruise control adjuster is also configured to apply the action to the adaptive cruise control to change how the adaptive cruise control controls the vehicle.


Quasi-elastic light scattering and fluorescent ligand scanning on one platform may lead to earlier detection and improved management of Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases.


A search for signatures of extra dimensions in the diphoton invariant-mass spectrum has been performed with the Compact Muon Solenoid detector at the Large Hadron Collider. No excess of events above the standard model expectation is observed using a data sample collected in proton-proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV corresponding to an intergrated luminosity of 2.2 fb−1. In the context of the Randall–Sundrum model, lower limits are set on the mass of the first graviton excitation in the range of 0.86–1.84 TeV, for values of the associated coupling parameter k between 0.01 and 0.10. Additionally, in the context of the large-extra-dimensions model, lower limits are set on the effective Planck scale in the range of 2.3–3.8 TeV at the 95% confidence level. These are the most restrictive bounds to date.


The profession of teaching is becoming more and more complex at all level. Teachers, trainers and university professors need to find always innovative and creative tools and methods to involve students in the learning process. The constructivist-inspired teaching versus more structured (also often qualified as traditional) teaching is a key factor for educational context. Problem Based Learning (PBL), which is based on a constructivist approach, is perhaps the most innovative instructional method conceived in the history of education. It is a student-cantered pedagogy where learners are actively engaged in real world problems to solve or challenges to meet. The article describes the Problem Based Learning pedagogy exploring its opportunities and further development, starting from its origin and history including new integrated solutions supported by ICT tools: the PBL working environment. It wants to provide teachers and trainers innovative tools to experience the PBL and get practical guidance and support to apply it in classroom.


Research on the impact of parties on public policy, and on immigration policy in particular, often finds limited evidence of partisan influence. In this paper, we examine immigration policy-making in the UK coalition government. Our case provides evidence that parties in government can have more of an impact on policy than previous studies acknowledge, but this only becomes apparent when we open up the 'black box' between election outcomes and policy outputs. By examining how, when and why election pledges are turned into government policies, we show that partisan influence depends not only on dynamics between the coalition partners, but how these dynamics interact with interdepartmental conflicts and lobbying by organised interests. In-depth process tracing allows us to see these complex dynamics, which easily get lost in large-n comparisons of pledges and outputs, let alone outcomes.


The title of this research is "Juridical Analysis of the Legal Consequences of Cancellation of Sales and Purchase Deeds Due to Unauthorized Ownership (Study of the Supreme Court Decision Number 2514 K / Pdt / 2019)". Sale and purchase is an agreement in which the party who owns the land (the seller) binds himself to hand over his rights to the land which is subject to another party (the buyer). Transfer of land rights can not only be through buying and selling, exchanging, but can be through grants or because of inheritance. The problem that often arises as a result of grants is the lack of a Grant Deed owned by the grantee from the grantee, which then results in a dispute between the family of the donor and the recipient of the grant, especially the object being granted a piece of land. The land grant should have strong or valid evidence in this case the Grant Deed. Based on the results of the research, it is found that the legal protection to the injured party for the cancellation of the sale and purchase deed must be seen in the good faith of the parties in implementing the sale and purchase deed. If the sale and purchase deed is canceled and suffers a loss, it asks for compensation for costs purchased by the buyer in the context of purchase and delivery and can file compensation to the court. The cancellation of the sale and purchase deed made by PPAT is in accordance with the legal procedures in Government Regulation Number 10 of 1961 and Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997 concerning Land Registration. The legal consequences of the cancellation of grants and the cancellation of the land sale and purchase deed made by PPAT in the Supreme Court decision Number 2514 K / Pdt / 2019 were parties that were the legal consequences of the Supreme Court decision Number: 2514 K / Pdt / 2019 which were carried out against Defendant I and Defendant II jointly and severally paid the costs incurred in this case.


To most Western observers Soviet penal policy means Stalin's labor camps, and what is known about the camps comes from the writings of Alexander Solzhenitsyn. In our admiration of Solzhenitsyn's portrayal of the camps, however, we ought not to accept on faith his version of Soviet penal history. Solzhenitsyn treats Soviet penal practice before 1929 simply as a stage in the development of the camps. He finds the roots of Stalin's camps in Lenin's Russia, and from those roots, he argues, the camps developed steadily and inevitably. To be sure, with hindsight one can plausibly regard the civil war camps as precedent for the later ones and the camps of Solovki during the 1920s as the embryo from which the Stalinist camps grew. But to look only at these developments is to take a selective or partial view of early Soviet penal history, for the civil war period contained the embryo of another penal policy, a progressive policy, which differed radically from that practiced by the Cheka and OGPU. And it was this progressive policy, not the Cheka's approach, which gained the predominant position during the NEP years.


This paper analyzes the effect of analog-to- digital bandpass Sigma-Delta conversion on the performance of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems. A brief description of both OFDM systems and the related simulation model is given. The nonlinear effects of quantization overload on overall OFDM performance are evaluated in terms of quantization noise power and bit error rate. It is shown how minimizing quantization noise power can lead to suboptimal results. Moreover a set of minimum performance requirements for Sigma-Delta converters is established.


In this article, it was erroneously stated that the F1FO-ATPase was identified as forming the permeability transition pore (PTP) in 2015, citing a recent review on this topic [1]. In fact, the first work pointing to a role of the F-ATP synthase in PTP formation was published in 2013 by Bonora et al [2] and by Giorgio et al [3]. The author apologizes for this error. References 1. Bernardi P, Rasola A, Forte M, Lippe G (2015) Physiol Rev 95: 1111 – 1155 2. Bonora M, Bononi A, De Marchi E, Giorgi C, Lebiedzinska M, Marchi S, Patergnani S, Rimessi A, Suski JM, Wojtala A et al (2013) Cell Cycle 12: 674– 683 3. Giorgio V, von Stockum S, Antoniel M, Fabbro A, Fogolari F, Forte M, Glick GD, Petronilli V, Zoratti M, Szabó I et al (2013) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 110: 5887 – 5892


The study was conducted to compare the study habits of secondary girls' and boys' students of North 24 Pargana district. The sample of 90girls' and boys' students of class 11th was selected from 10 + 2 schools of North 24 Parganas district. Tools for collecting data include study habit scale for 10th to 12th class students constructed and standardized by Dimple Rani and M.L. Jaidka (2015). The data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. From the present study it has been observed that there is significant difference of student's study habit according to their gender (male and female). The finding of the study may be used in planning of many programs. Itmay help research for the study.


Ultrasonic Vibration Assisted (UVA) machining is being used for direct diamond turning of hard-brittle materials to obtain opticalquality surfaces. It largely reduces the processing time and cost to produce the high accuracy surface on hard-brittle materials. However, our understanding of the cutting mechanics and surface generation in UVA diamond cutting of these materials is still far from complete. In this paper, an experimental investigation has been conducted to study the effect of the factors affecting the surface generation in UVA diamond cutting of hard-brittle materials. A series of tapered grooving experiments were conducted on optical glass (BK7), tungsten carbride (WC), and Silicon Carbide (RB-SiC). The factors under control in this investigation included vibration amplitude of the UVA system, cutting speed, cooling conditions and depth of cut. With appropriate selection of cutting parameters, the experimental results show that it is technically feasible to achieve ductile cutting of hard-brittle materials by UVA diamond cutting. The results provide an important means for better understanding the cutting mechanics and surface generation of UVA diamond cutting of hard-brittle materials.


Significance
 The booming copper industry will stimulate production overall while helping to bolster export earnings and treasury receipts. The Castillo administration has produced proposals for tax and other financial reforms which, if approved by Congress, will raise Peru's low tax take and make the tax system somewhat more progressive.

 Impacts
 Peru will see inflation rise this year and next.
 Reserves will be sufficient to allay problems arising from capital flight.
 Treasury income from the proposed reforms will yield less than hoped for.


A deep sub-micron self-aligned bottom-gate (SABG) amorphous InGaZnO (a-IGZO) thin-film transistor (TFT) technology was developed. The implementation of a backside exposure technique enables the realization of a self-aligned structure, while an argon (Ar) plasma treatment minimizes the source/drain resistance (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${R} _{\text {SD}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). High-performance metrics were well maintained on the fabricated SABG a-IGZO TFT with a channel length of 302 nm (effective channel length of 208 nm), including a low off-state current around 10−14 A/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, a subthreshold swing of 103.8 mV/dec, a decent mobility of 7.48 cm2/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text {V}\cdot \text {s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, a minor drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL) of 41.5 mV/V, a negligible channel length shrinking (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sf \Delta {L}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of 47 nm and a record-low <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${R} _{\text {SD}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.86~\sf \Omega \cdot \text {cm}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> among self-aligned (SA) transistors. Such remarkable scalability and manufacturing capability pave a new cost-effective way for high integration-density oxide electronics.


Objective To study the covalent cross-link in g of erythrocyte spectrin induced by n-hexance. Methods SD rat s were given n-hexane ig at the doses of 0、168、675、2 700 mg/kg for 8 wee ks( 5 d/w). 8 weeks after treatment, protein was eluted from erythrocyte membrane a nd then its concentration was determined. The protein was isolated by sodium dod ecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), dyed by silver sta ining , quantified by scanner and identified by Western blot. Results In the group of 2 700 mg/kg, at the end of 8-week exposure, the con tent of erythrocytes protein was (5.88±0.89) g/L. A band of high-molecular- weight protein at about 460 ku was shown on SDS-PAGE in the rats treated by 2 700 mg/kg n-hexane. The stripe was identified by Western blot as the covalen t cross-linking spectrin (α, β-heterodimer) in a shape of "long tailling". Conclusion It was suggested that n-hexane could induce covale nt cross-linking of erythrocyte spectrin.


Corpus-based automatic extraction of collocations is typically carried out employing some statistic indicating concurrency in order to identify words that co-occur more often than expected by chance. In this paper we are concerned with some typical measures such as the t-score, Pearson's χ-square test, log-likelihood ratio, pointwise mutual information and a novel information theoretic measure, namely mutual dependency. Apart from some theoretical discussion about their correlation, we perform comparative evaluation experiments judging performance by their ability to identify lexically associated bigrams. We use two different gold standards: WordNet and lists of named-entities. Besides discovering that a frequency-biased version of mutual dependency performs the best, followed close by likelihood ratio, we point out some implications that usage of available electronic dictionaries such as the WordNet for evaluation of collocation extraction encompasses.


Abstract Grain boundaries in silicon with a predetermined orientation have been prepared by the sintering of two single crystals. A combination of standard transmission electron microscopy and lattice imaging was used to investigate the Structure of the boundaries produced. Low–angle grain boundaries on {100} and {111} planes, and twin boundaries on {111} planes are discussed in detail.


Objective To investigate whether insulin resistance exists in endometria of PCOS patients.Methods Endometrial glandular and stromal cells were isolated and cultured in vitro.The capability of Absorbing glucose of the endometria in PCOS patients(PCOS group),and infertility patients(control group)were evaluate by glucose oxidase method;expression of Ins,InsR and GLUT4 in endometria of PCOS were determined by immunohistochemistry.Results There were no significant difference in the amount of the endometria Absorbing glucose between groups(P0.05),while significant difference was found after the stimulation of insulin(P0.05).The amount was lower in obese and IR PCOS patients than in PCOS with normal BMI,non-IR and control group(P0.05).There was no significant difference of the expression of Ins in endometria between PCOS and control group(P0.05).But the expression of InsR and GLUT4 were lower in PCOS group than in control group(P0.05).Conclusions IR exists in the endometria of PCOS.Obesity and IR could aggravate the endometria IR of PCOS.(P0.05).


Objective To investigate the influencing factors for the intention of doctors to buy medical liability insurance. Methods A total of 400 on- the- job doctors from the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College took part in a questionnaire survey in March 2014. 400 questionnaires were distributed and 375 were returned,with an effective rate of 93. 8%.Self- made questionnaires were used including questionnaires on general condition( including sex and age,etc.),risk level of medical liability( including the frequency of medical liabilities over the past two years,compensation and losses),awareness of medical liability insurance( including positive and negative evaluation of medical liability insurance),evaluation of the current medical liability insurance system( including evaluation of the insurance coverage,insurance premium,compensation and claims settlement) and intention to buy medical liability insurance( including the intention of doctors to buy medical liability insurance and priorities,etc.). Results The intention to buy medical liability insurance of doctors with different years of working,professional titles and departments showed statistically significant differences( P 0. 05). 66. 2%( 100 /151) of the doctors once involved in medical disputes were willing to buy medical liability insurance, while the ratio for doctors yet to be involved in medical disputes was 50. 9%( 114 /224), and the difference was statistically significant( χ2= 8. 650, P = 0. 003). The awareness score of medical liability insurance for the doctors willing to buy the insurance was( 32. 1 ± 5. 1),while the score was( 28. 7 ± 4. 6) for those who were not willing to buy the insurance,and the difference was statistically significant( t = 6. 670,P 0. 001). Doctors generally believed that there were four problems for the current medical liability insurance system: it could not get rid of medical disputes for hospitals and doctors( 100. 0%); limited insurance coverage( 91. 9%); imperfect claim settlement / complicated claim settlement( 87. 2%); irrational maximum indemnity limit and deductible( 65. 1%). Conclusion Factors influencing the intention of doctors to buy medical liability insurance include years of working, professional titles,departments,risk level of medical liability, awareness of medical liability insurance and problems in the medical liability insurance system.


The electrochemical deposition of Ru on Au(111) was performed in 0.5 M H2SO4 +1 0 -4 M RuCl3. The obtained bimetallic Ru/Au(111) surfaces were characterised by cyclic voltammetry and in situ STM in 0.5 M H2SO4. The Ru deposit consists of nanoscale islands, which merge with increasing coverage. Two different types of bimetallic Ru/Au(111) surfaces with respect to the distribution of Ru islands over the Au(111) substrate surface were obtained. When the deposition was performed at potentials more positive than the range of Au(111) reconstruction, homogeneous nucleation occured resulting in a random distribution of Ru islands. When the deposition was performed on reconstructed Au(111) at low overpotentials, selective nucleation occured resulting in the replication of the Au(111) reconstruction. Only at higher deposition overpotentials, can multilayer deposits be formed, which exhibit a very rough surface morphology. The electrocatalytic activity of such structurally well defined Ru/Au(111) bimetallic surfaces was studied towards CO oxidation with the Ru coverage ranging from submonolayer to several monolayer. CO stripping commences at about 0.2 V and occurs over a broad potential range. The observed influence of the Ru structure on the CO stripping voltammetry is explained by local variations in the CO adsorption energy, caused by differences in the local Ru structure and by effects induced by the Au(111) substrate.


During this study, a plane‐wave computer modeling approach was used to gain more insight into the response of vertical sheet conductors at very low frequency (VLF). The medium which surrounds the conductors is assumed to be a dissipative one. Magnitude and shape of the anomalous field caused by a vertical "thin" conductor at VLF is found to be dependent mainly on (1) conductivity‐thickness product of conductor, (2) resistivity of host medium, (3) depth to the top of conductor, and (4) overlying conductive overburden. Other variables being the same, a shift in frequency in the 17 to 25 kHz range does not produce an appreciable change in the overall response of modeled conductors. The lateral distance between the maximum and minimum on a tilt angle profile is related to conductivity and thickness of conductor, resistivity of the host rock, and depth to the top of the conductor in a complex manner. An interpretation scheme has been proposed to determine the conductivity‐thickness product and depth of vertica...


Drawing inspiration from adaptively responsive capability of biological auditory, we have developed a self-powered bionic auditory device that mimics the behavior of intelligent biological information recognition. The device comprises a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), a synaptic transistor, and an effector. The TENG has a wide range of sound pressure and frequency recognition capabilities, allowing it to convert dynamic sound pressure into the gate voltage of the synaptic transistor. The effector is triggered when the excitatory post-synaptic current reaches a threshold. The unique bionic synaptic device enables it to respond adaptively to sound signals in real-time. This innovative design enables the bionic auditory device to detect and process sound information in an adaptive and responsive manner.


SUMMARY The life of a building falls into three parts, the planning, the construction or realisation, and the period in service. The designer passes from controller to observer as the life of the building develops. This idea is suggested as a model for the formation of the engineer.


Macrophages for tumor cytotoxicity were examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy and cy-tolysis assay with 3H-TdR after co-culture of Mice Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma Cell Itine(LA_(795))andmacrophages.It was found that the macrophages were activated and encirchd the tumor cells closely in 12hours,The percentage of cytolysed tumor cells in 12 and 24 hours were 72.5 and 93.8%,respecyively.Theresults indicated that macrophages have strong cytolytic activity against tumor cells in vitro.


Introduction This paper is directed to technically oriented decision makers seeking alternatives to printed-on expiration dates and RFID tagging within supply chain management and consumer notification. No matter what the item, printed-on expiration dates have been around for so long that complacency has matured nearly to the point of obsoleteness. Until recently, RFID (radio frequency identification) has been presented as the next hierarchical alternative to printed expiration dates. In recent years pressure has been mounting to produce, a technology, which remedies the issue of obsoleteness, however without the burden of cost associated with RFID.


Cough is among the most common complaints for which medical attention is sought1 yet, historically, despite its significance as a health issue worldwide, cough has been under-represented in terms of basic and clinical research efforts aimed at understanding its mechanisms and developing effective therapeutic agents. Thankfully, the past decade has witnessed an emergence of interest in cough within the scientific community. Highlighting the perceived importance of cough as a clinical problem, no less than five major pulmonary societies have published guidelines addressing the management of cough: the European Respiratory Society,2 the German Respiratory Society,3 the American College of Chest Physicians,4 the British Thoracic Society5 and the Japanese Respiratory Society.6 In addition, a task force of the European Respiratory Society published the first ever guidelines on the assessment of cough,7 aimed at promoting and improving the quality of cough-related research. Furthermore, the discovery of several pharmacological receptors relevant to the cough reflex—such as TRPV1,8 NOP19 and cannabinoid receptors10—has stimulated numerous investigative programmes within the pharmaceutical industry.

Research efforts in cough …


Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) is a rare developmental entity. Symptomatic patients mustundergo thoracic surgery for lobectomy. Perioperative anesthetic management is challenging because it involvesthoracotomy in a young patient that may lead to hemodynamic compromise and inadequate ventilation. We present 3 cases of pediatric patients (6 months - 2 years old) with CCAM who underwent lobectomy.


The invention provides a notoginsen triterpenes microcapsule wherein the content of Notoginsen triterpenes in each microcapsule is controlled within the range of 0.009-0.09mg, and the rest amount being capsule or carrier materials needed by encapsulated formulation preparation. Pharmaceutically acceptable encapsulated formulation is first prepared, then the encapsulated formulation is used to further prepare any pharmaceutically acceptable oral preparations. The invention solves the problems of low bioavailability existed in the conventional oral preparation of Notoginsen triterpenes, bad taste, and insufficient exploitation of the optimum effect. A high stability for the product is achieved.


One of the major components of the process of profile training realization is psycho-pedagogical support of pupils' self-determination process. Psycho-pedagogical support is understood as assistance to formation of a person, capable to make independent and realized decision on the choice of vital and professional strategy, through the realization of personal-oriented approach in training. The system of psycho-pedagogical support includes interaction of teachers and psychologists at pedagogical meetings, the organization and carrying out of psycho-pedagogical consultations, psychological classroom activities with pupils, a psychological lecture hall for pupils' parents, etc. Psycho-pedagogical support is rendered to pupils at all steps of training and involves consecutive joint solution of the problems which pupils have at the present age of their development in regard to the process of self-determination.


The determination of the electronic properties of new organic and organometallic systems allows a greater understanding of their reactivity. In order to have better insight onto these electronic properties, UV photoelectron spectroscopy (UV-PES) in the gas phase is an appropriate technique allowing the determination of the ionization potentials of molecules which are real electronic "fingerprints". A joint experimental and theoretical approach is a powerful tool for the accurate description of many compounds as the nature and energy of the molecular orbitals can be obtained. Thanks to this approach, the electronic properties of π-conjugated oligomeric systems have been determined. Reactive species such low coordinated phosphorus and arsenic compounds have been also characterized and their electronic structure described.


We examine the properties of an integrated, intelligent controller for multifingered manipulators. The discussion addresses the dynamic constraints on computation and resource allocation in systems which must continually adjust objectives and the set of behaviors employed to attain them. We present a means of specifying general force domain tasks and include techniques for reflexive, sensor-based control and for optimal combinatoric grasp synthesis as alternative grasp formation mechanisms. Examples are presented to illustrate the acquisition of information, the incremental refinement of models, the use of uncertain information in reflexive grasp formation, and the use of complete geometric information in optimal grasping.


391 Background: The remarkable success of cisplatin-based chemotherapy in curing metastatic TC has been accompanied by potential life-threatening sequelae, including CVD. Most prior studies, however, have been conducted in Europe and included older chemotherapy regimens. We examined CVD risk factors in an ongoing multi-center clinical study of TCS given modern cisplatin-based chemotherapy (CHEM) at centers in North America (NCI 1R01 CA157823-02). Methods: TCS aged ≤49 years at time of first-line CHEM were eligible to undergo clinical examination and complete a questionnaire regarding co-morbidities, lifestyle behaviors, and prescription drug use. Results: We evaluated the first 443 consecutively enrolled TCS (23% seminoma; 77% nonseminoma) with most having stage II (52%) or III (28%) disease. The median age at time of TC diagnosis was 32 years (range 15-49 years) and median time since completion of chemotherapy was 59 months (range 1-24 years). Patients were largely white (90%), married (62%), and had ful...


FIELD: printing industry. SUBSTANCE: ink reservoir with high volume coefficient and printing device, which may fully spend ink stored in ink reservoir. Meniscal retention force (Pm1) of non-compressible section (22b) of ink-sending element (22) is established as higher than initial negative pressure (P1) of ink storage section, and lower than negative pressure (P2) of ink storage section during consumption. Besides meniscal retention force (Pm2), which occurs during compression, is established as higher that negative pressure (P2) of ink storage section during consumption, and weaker than meniscal retention force (Phf) of head filter (50). EFFECT: making it possible to fully use volume of ink stored in reservoir and supplied into printing device in process of printing. 9 cl, 21 dwg


The objectives were to investigate the factors (age, sex, breed and season) affecting the occurrence of calf diseases. In this study 497 cases of 0 to 3 months of age from three different farms were investigated. Calf in Savar Dairy farm (n=249), Talbag Dairy Farm (n=85) and BAU Dairy Farm (n=163) were included from April 2011 to March 2012. The occurrence of diseases were classified on the basis of breed (Local and Cross), age (≤ 3 weeks and >3 weeks), sex (Male and Female) and season (Spring, Summer, Rainy and Winter). The overall diseases were diarrhoea (20.3%), anorexia (9.7%), fever (9.1%), naval ill (8.0%), malnutrition (7.7%), indigestion (6.7%), traumatic injury (5.4%), dysentery (5.0%), myiasis (4.6%), pneumonia (3.4%), alopecia (3.4%), atresia ani (3.2%), hernia (2.8%), constipation (2.6%), abscess (2.2%), conjunctivitis (2.2%), lameness (1.8%), FMD (1.2%) and blot (0.6%). The cases of diarrhoea was higher (20.5%) than that of other diseases. The occurrence of diseases was highly significant (p 0.05). The effect of breeds on diseases were found significantly (p 3 weeks of age (44.9%). The occurrence of diseases in calves was significantly (p<0.05) higher in rainy season (36.0%) followed by the summer (31.0%), winter (22.1%) and lowest in spring (10.9%). The results demonstrate significant effect of breed, age and season on the occurrence of diseases in calves. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(1): 39-46


The main problem of solid waste management system in Tehran is to handle a large amount of waste (7.641 ton/day in 2008). Therefore, source reduction can be introduced as one of the first priority for solid waste management in Tehran. This research represents the first attempt to quantify the source reduction potential in the city, and subsequently, outlines the principle guidelines, legislations and strategies regarding source reduction application in Tehran metropolitan area.Based on the findings of current research source reduction strategies can be implemented in dealing with packaging material, paper, street waste, mixed household waste and hazardous household wastes. Also industrial wastes produced inside city boundaries can be reduced drastically by implementing source reduction measures. It is also found that any recycling program can be combined effectively with source reduction strategies.The waste reduction potential for each component of waste stream is calculated as the result of the research source reduction potential were determined as: horticultural waste, 80%; food waste, 80; paper and cardboard, 50%; textiles, 20%; metals including ferrous and nonferrous, % 90; Glass, % 30; PET%, 70, and plastic 80%.Finally, overall potential for source reduction in Tehran city is estimated to be 66% for the waste stream as a whole.


In this study heat budget components and momentum flux for August and January 1992 over the north Arabian Sea are computed. The marine meteorological data measured on board during the cruises of PAK-US joint project (NASEER) are used for the computation. Significant differences were found in the heat budget components as well as in the momentum flux during different monsoon periods over the north Arabian Sea. The latent heat flux was always positive and attributed to the large vapour pressure gradient. The computed moisture and latent heat fluxes in January were higher than August The highest value of latent heat flux 309 W/m2 at station 8 was evaluated. These higher latent heat fluxes were due to the large vapour pressure gradient, air-sea temperature difference, the wind speed, and the prevailing wind direction (from north and northeast). Negative values of sensible heat fluxes in both seasons indicate that the heat transfer was from the atmosphere to the ocean. The negative values of net heat gain indicate that the sea surface field became an energy sink: or the sea surface supplied more energy to the atmosphere than it received from it. Large variation in the momentum flux mainly attributed to the variation in the wind speed. Aerial averages of heat and momentum fluxes were also computed.


The measurement error caused by the stylus position deviation in the double-disc involute measuring intrument was analyzed,and two methods,the test method and the error compensation method,for adjusting the stylus position accurately were introduced. In test method,with the angle of tooth profile being less than its real value when the stylus deviates the rails surface,the same involute tooth profile is measured repeatedly when the stylus is at different positions.The result shows that the stylus is in the best position when the angle of the tooth profile is maximal.In the error compensation method,the involute tooth profile is measured when the stylus is at two different positions over the rails,the results are compensated by attempting different values of the stylus deviation to get two results same,and the real deviation value can be obtained.The limited deviations of the two methods for adjusting the stylus position are ±0.010 mm and ±0.015 mm,which can meet demands for measuring level 1(GB/T10 095.1-2 001) involute tooth profile.


Freemartins are XX/XY chimeras that develop as a consequence of fusion of the chorioallantoic circulation in pregnancy of heterosexual cotwins. The external appearance of a freemartin may vary from an apparently normal female to a somewhat masculinized individual. With the purpose to know the degree of chimerism and its relationship with the masculination and developmental aberration of reproductive organs, which varies from animal to animal, chromosomal analysis was performed in peripheral blood cells of three females born cotwins with a male, one of them was 2 years old and the other two were 4 months old. The oldest was sacrified, because had been demonstrated that it was sterile. The macro and microanatomy were performed to know the degree of masculinization of the female organs.It was recognized ovotestes, uterus, seminal vesicle, deferent duct, vagina, clitoris and vulva. The three females exhibited XX/XY chimerism in the lymphocytes analyzed. 30, 45 and 60 % of XY lymphocytes were observed in the female 2 years old and in both 4 months old respectively.These results demonstrated that is convenient to perform early the chromosomal diagnosis in all the heifers born heterosexual cotwins. This conclusion is supported since the females 4 month old apparently normal were sterile, which was confirmed when they were 2 years old. Usually the farmer waits until the cow demonstrated to be sterile to decide her sacrifice. The premature diagnosis of the chimerism XX/XY is a good orientation about the future cow reproductive efficiency.


For A1,…, Am∈Mp, q(F) and g∈Fm, any system of equations of the form yTAix=gi, i=1,…, m, with y varying over Fp and x over Fq is called bilinear. Given here are some general observations about bilinear systems, a complete solution theory for complete systems (m=pq, A1,…, Am linearly independent) and implications of the complete theory for general (incomplete, m


This page contains answers to many of the questions you may have regarding the use of Outlook 2010. If you can't find the answer here try using the help facility within Outlook.


This paper investigated the perception of inter-dental fricatives by Chinese students as regards the influence of phonetic experience and language transfer on the processing of the stimuli through three perception tasks,i.e.General Pronunciation Error Perception Test,Categorical Discrimination Test and Alternative Forced Choice Identification Test.The findings showed that task types play a significant role in perception,as a meaning-focused input seems to ignore phonetic accuracy while form-focused input tend to lead to higher scores.It also showed that listeners tend to be more sensitive to voiceless than the voiced counterpart.L2 experience seems to significantly influence the perception of the voiceless phoneme while the perception of the voiced one appears to be selective fossilization.


, QDR 4500) in the lumbar spine and femoral neck. The compa- rison between the two methods was carried out using a Bland-Altman and Passing'Bablok analysis. Results: R-PINP showed higher values than IDS-PINP (85.03 ± 56.67 vs. 55.22 ± 32.81 ng/mL, p<0,001). The correlation between the two methods was r= 0.81 (p<0.01) and the Passing-Bablok regression analy- sis Y = 0.570 (0.475-0.669) X + 7.724 (2.130-12.542). Conclusion: There is a good correlation between the two methods in patients with hepatic insufficiency, although not proportional or interchangeable.


A 53-year-old woman suffering from lower back pain was given injections of some unknown substance into both sacroiliac regions to correct "relaxation of the ligaments." This was immediately followed by severe pain and temporary paralysis of her legs and bladder. A brief period of improvement was succeeded by complete spastic paraplegia. Laminectomy disclosed severe proliferative leptomeningitis. There was no lasting improvement. Complications resulting from the injection of sclerosing agents in the lower back in other reported cases bear out the conclusion that such use is inadvisable. That the treatment is of any value is not at all evident.


A system for delivering the real-time video data through the network is provided to perform communication with the system by forming as the ring network of more than two ports connected in a daisy chain. A video source(18) delivers video data. A video encoder(11) compresses video data delivered by the video source. A first network interface controller(12) transmits the compacted video data through network. A second network interface controller(22) receives the compacted video data from network. A video decoder(21) decodes the video data received by the second network interface controller. A video sink(28) displays and processes video data decoded from the video decoder.


Abstract In this paper, we develop a mechanism to detect, model and track the shape of a contaminant cloud boundary using air borne sensor swarms. The cloud consists of a transparent gas of nuclear, biological or chemical contaminants and is spreading slowly in an urban environment. A group of UAVs, having the required sensors, are made to fly through the cloud to detect the boundary of the cloud. The shape of the cloud is modeled using splinegon. An observer is designed to track the movement of the cloud. The output of the observer is used in the path planning of the UAVs. The path planning is online, decentralized and considers obstacle avoidance and connectivity maintenance among the UAVs. Simulated experiments are carried out to test the proposed cloud tracking algorithm.


The phenomenon of inequality between regencies / cities in Papua province indicate an upward trend as a consequence of regional development policies which tend to be concentrated in coastal areas, but less attention to their equity. Performance development becomes meaningless when presenting the inequality of income distribution between regions is low and does not widen. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence between variable factors of natural resources, labor absorption, agglomeration and economic growth on inequality of income distribution among regencies / cities in Papua Province period 2009-2013. Data were analyzed using a quantitative approach with descriptive and inferential statistics causal model with path analysis. The study concluded that the direct effect of factors of natural resources on a significant negative agglomeration and labor absorbed the significant positive agglomeration. The direct effect of factors of natural resources and labor absorbed the significant positive economic growth. The direct effect of factors of natural resources, labor absorption, agglomeration and economic growth on inequality of income distribution among regencies/cities in Papua Province is a significant positive. Furthermore, the indirect influence of factors of natural resources and manpower absorbed against inequality of income distribution among regencies/cities in Papua either through mediation and mediation agglomeration is significant economic growth as well as both the indirect effect of this is partial mediation. To lose or not widening inequality of income distribution among regencies / cities in Papua province local government policies are needed to improve the distribution of development in the district prioritized relatively underdeveloped and new developing without ignoring the more developed regions. Keywords : unequal distribution of income among regions, the natural resources of labor absorption, agglomeration, economic growth


About 8.30 pm on 10 December 1979, demonstrators commemorating World Human Rights Day clashed violently with members of Taiwan's security agencies in Gaoxiong (Kaohsiung), Taiwan's second largest city and its major industrial centre and chief port. About fifty hours later, at dawn on 13 December 1979, following extensive debates involving Taiwan's highest political authorities, Taiwan's security agencies arrested over sixty leaders of and participants in what has become known as the Gaoxiong Incident. Those arrested included most of Taiwan's non-partisan political opposition. A series of relatively open trials cast substantial doubts on the government's case, but these leaders are currently serving heavy prison sentences. The Nationalist Party (Guomindang) leadership in Taiwan has never intended to implement democracy in the sense of permitting a loyal opposition to replace the Nationalist leadership and gain control of the reins of government through elections, though non-partisan candidates can and do defeat Nationalist Party nominees in relatively open elections. Democracy in the sense of increased civil liberties and reduced constraints on speech and publication sometimes called 'liberalisation' did, however, seem to be developing in Taiwan during the 1970s.1 Has the government's harsh response to the Gaoxiong Incident irrevocably reversed this trend? The arrests and trials remain too recent to analyse for their long-term impact; but, as an advocate of democracy and a long-term observer of Taiwan, I feel an unprecedented pessimism about Taiwan's political future. This article attempts to provide some preliminary perspectives for analysing the impact of the Gaoxiong Incident on Taiwan's political future.


0 ur institution uses dedicated tube systems (Translogic Corp., Denver, CO) to transport laboratory specimens from patient care areas to the main laboratory. Specimens are placed in closed Perspex containers which are then moved through the tubes at approximately 24 ft/s by a combination of applied positive pressure (3-4 lb/sq in.) and subatmospheric pressure. To expedite reporting the results of arterial blood gas analysis and to improve the efficient use of our laboratory technicians' time, we investigated whether such a tube system could be used to convey arterial blood gas samples from the operating suite to a stat laboratory located in the building, 10 floors above. During this evaluation, we noted that some specimens sent through the tube system had unexpectedly high oxygen tensions. This study was designed to verify and quantify this observation.


A radically different principle from that of conventional pneumatic valves is presented, whereby a valve is actuated by piezoelectric actuators (PEAs) with a range of vibration modes. This on/off control valve has an unconstrained poppet structure and therefore the assembling procedures become much easier for miniaturized valves. In this paper, a mathematical model of an unconstrained valve's internal system including the mechanical behavior of PEAs along with air flow dynamics through nozzles is proposed. Also, comparisons between actual characteristic and simulated results of this on-off poppet valve are presented. In practical application, this valve is able to operate at pressure up to 0.5 MPa and has an average flow rate of maximum 27 L/min for orifice with diameter of 0.8 mm. Finally, the valve is tested with different levels of input voltage and frequency to observe its peculiar flow characteristics.


Taxonomy is more than a mere exercise of nomenclature and classi fi cation of biological diversity: it pro fi les the identity of species by investigating their biological and ecological traits. Taxonomy is intimately related to ecology which, in turn, cannot be a mere exercise in describing ecological patterns, but instead requires deep knowledge of species ' biological structures, roles, interactions and functions. Thus, the study of taxonomic and phylogenetic relatedness of species is of paramount importance in ecological research, enabling insights into potential evolutionary patterns and processes, allowing a more comprehensive view of biodiversity, and providing opportunities to improve the assessment and monitoring of ecological changes in time and space. The work of K. Robert ( ' Bob ' ) Clarke forged new pathways in this direction, providing new ideas and statistical tools to include and exploit taxonomic relationships in applied marine ecological studies and beyond, also inspir-ing the next generation of ecologists. In this short review, we synthesise the application and development of these tools and concepts in marine biodiversity research over the last three decades and suggest future pathways in this evolving fi eld.


This paper discusses nonlinear boundary value problem for second order impulsive functional differential equations.We obtain the existence of extremal solutions of the boundary value problem by using the method of lower and upper solutions coupled with monotone iterative technique.Generalize the results of relevant literature.


With the rapid development of knowledgebased economy,human resource is becoming a decisive factor of the economic development.It is extremely urgent to found the human resource accounting.Beginning with the understanding of the human resource accounting,people should gradually build up its system which adapts our market economy development,and then carry on its checking.The human resource accounting mainly includes the confirming and calculating of its cost and value.The human resource cost includes human resource history cost and human resource replacement cost.While the human resource value based on valuing personal value carries on confirming,calculating and reporting as a whole or systematically,it can choose currency or noncurrency calculating method to carry on calculation.


Climate change poses many challenges for the future management and development of the coastal zone. Uncertainties in the rate of future sea-level rise reduce our ability to project potential future impacts. This study seeks to further develop the past–present–future methodology proposed in Baker and McGowan and apply it to an additional case study, the Macleay River estuary, New South Wales (NSW), Australia. The past–present–future methodology uses evidence from the past, the Holocene and Pleistocene, to formulate a response function that can be used to project future sea-level heights. Three scenarios for 2100 were developed to emphasise the uncertainties surrounding future sea levels and the need to consider multiple sea-level rise scenarios when planning for the future: a best case (90 cm rise), mid-case (2.6 m rise) and worst case (5 m rise). Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data were used to project each of the three scenarios onto the case study area of South West Rocks. The methodology was tested by using shell samples extracted from cores which were AMS dated to determine whether or not Holocene estuarine conditions correlated with the proposed future sea-level rise inundation scenarios. We also conducted an audit of potentially affected infrastructure and land uses, and proposed possible future adaptation strategies for the case study area.


Abstract ALTHOUGH the existence of a follicle-stimulating hormone-releasing factor in the hypothalamus of mammals has been well established (Igarashi and McCann, 1964; Mittler and Meites, 1964; Kuroshima et al., 1965; Schally et al., 1967), evidence of its existence in chickens has not been reported. The present experiments were carried out to demonstrate the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-releasing activity of the chicken hypothalamus on isolated chicken and rat pituitaries in vitro. Fragments of hypothalamic tissues including the pituitary stalk-median eminence were collected from White Leghorn cocks and hens of 1–2 years of age. The tissues, homogenized in 0.1 N HCl solution, were centrifuged and the supernate was immersed in boiling water for 10 minutes to inactivate FSH (Igarashi and McCann, 1964) which might have contaminated the extracts. Cerebral cortical extracts were also prepared in the same way and served as controls. The extracts were neutralized with 1 N NaOH solution just prior…


............................................................................................................. iv Dedication .......................................................................................................... vi Acknowledgement ............................................................................................. vii List of Abbreviations .......................................................................................... ix Chapter 1. Art and Life......................................................................1 Chapter 2. Aesthetic Consciousness.......................................................36 Chapter 3. Incarnate Action................................................................69 Chapter 4. The Aesthetic Act of Authoring..............................................97 Chapter 5. Speaking without Fear........................................................132 Chapter 6. Authority and Heroism.......................................................166 Bibliography................................................................................201


During an archeological verification, we had the opportunity to establish the complete transect of an « enclosed depression ». But, the visible structure could not be compared with a scar of palsa or pingo. And no more with a karstic origin. We have no answer.


Managed care today, for both Medicare beneficiaries and others, bears increasingly less resemblance to the managed care plans of the early 1990s (Lesser, Ginsburg, and Devers 2003). Utilization management strategies such as gatekeeping and preauthorization are on the decline. Many health maintenance organizations (HMOs) are starting to look more like preferred provider organizations (PPOs) because of reductions in selective contracting. And cost sharing is increasingly shifting to patients. With Medicare reform looming, accompanied by heated debates about a larger role for managed care and competition, there is a heightened need for data on the performance of managed care in its current form. But managed care's rapid evolution has made it a moving target, particularly challenging to study in a timely fashion. Researchers often lack up-to-date data, so that studies frequently draw conclusions that have considerably less relevance when they are published than they would have had were managed care a more stable element in the health insurance market. But getting the data to keep up with managed care is difficult to achieve. Thus, at a minimum, the data used should contain elements pertinent to the contemporary status of managed care. Whether data sources are old or new, to have findings that are useful to policymakers, researchers must interpret their findings in the context of the changes managed care has undergone. Several papers in this issue of Health Services Research touch on different aspects of managed care. What they have in common is research involving data that predate recent changes in managed care, yet each provides valuable lessons for managed care's latest evolution.


Methods of efficient calculation of initial equaliser coefficients are described. In a first stage, a channel matched filter is generated based on an estimate of CIR and then used to filter the CIR estimate. In a second stage, initial FFE coefficients are calculated from a portion of the match filtered CIR and then these initial FFE coefficients and the estimate of CIR may be used to generate initial DFE coefficients. In various embodiments, a window is applied to the CIR estimate before the matched filter is generated. In various embodiments, the second stage is iterated to minimise the pre-echoes following the FFE.


Along with the fusion of three religions in the middle and late Ming Dynasty,Wang Tangnan opened a way to generate the Confucian view of life and death. The secret clue of his opening is from avoidance of the problem of life and death to face,and then to value it. Wang Tangnan's view reflected the specific outlook of the"legitimacy"of the Confucian view of life and death in his time.