The invention discloses a method for preparing 4-ethyl-2,3-dioxypiperazine-1-formate. In the method, 1-ethyl-2,3-dioxypiperazine and chloro-formate are used as raw materials and reacted in an organic solvent system in the presence of an acid binding agent to form 4-ethyl-2,3-dioxypiperazine-1-formate, wherein the molar ratio of the 1-ethyl-2,3-dioxypiperazine to the acid binding agent to the chloro-formate is 1:1.0-3.0:1.0-2.0; the chloro-formate is methyl chloroformate or ethyl chloroformate; and the 4-ethyl-2,3-dioxypiperazine-1-formate is 4-ethyl-2,3-dioxypiperazine-1-methyl formate or 4-ethyl-2,3-dioxypiperazine-1-ethyl formate. The method greatly reduces cost, simplifies process, reduces byproducts, improves product purity and reduces solvent separation processes; and the prepared product can be used as an intermediate for piperacillin and cefoperazone and is suitable for industrial production.


This work presents the performance and re-liability (HCI, SOA and ESD) co-design insights of Ul-tra High Voltage (UHV) Laterally Diffused Metal Oxide Semiconductor (LDMOS) devices. Device design insights and performance optimization guidelines for four different types of UHV LDMOS devices (Conventional, RESURF, SOI and RESURF SOI) is systematically developed using 3D TCAD. For the first time, a step-by-step approach to design gate, drain and source field plates and its implications on the co-design of these four different UHV designs is investigated, which demonstrated significant improvement in the device breakdown without altering its ON-resistance. Finally, performance and HCI, ESD & SOA reliability benchmarking is done for the optimum designs of all four (i.e. Conventional, RESURF, SOI and RESURF SOI) UHV LDMOS architectures.


also succeeded in embracing the local elites and subsequently the national elites to support the movement to put pressure on the Central Government. The most radical movement of the Dewan Banteng led by Ahmad Husein was to take over the regional government. The core of this movement was to "give a chance to local people to take up important positions in the government" (p. 176). Although this act was unconstitutional, society supported it, probably because of their deeply-rooted disappointment with the Central Government and out of fear that the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) would spread its influence in Central Sumatra. The ultimate political manoeuvre of Dewan Banteng was its announcement of the PRRI on 15 January 1958, after the Central Government had disregarded its ultimatum. This threatening and dictating demand resulted in a civil war in Central Sumatra, which caused the death of thousands of civilians. The PRRI was the anticlimax of the involvement of the Minangkabau people who, during the national movement, were very strong in their propaganda for Indonesianness. This review concludes that this book not only adds to the richness of our historical literature, but also opens up new horizons against political and development policy makers. Gusti has clearly related the inability of the government in processing development, and the reality of marginality with regional upheaval. Therefore, this analysis is also a warning to the attitude of centralized development.


A putative mechanism for maternal transfer of organic contaminants and total mercury was empirically demonstrated in a near-term pregnant female common thresher shark (Alopias vulpinus). Contaminants were measured in the liver and muscle tissue of the mother and her four embryos, as well as the embryos' stomach contents. Concentrations of organic contaminants and mercury were found to be lower in the embryos' livers than in the mother's and were clearly measurable in the embryo stomach contents, which consisted of consumed ovulated eggs. Presence of high concentrations of organic contaminants and mercury in embryos, prior to any exogenous exposure, provides clear evidence of maternal offloading in this species. In addition, the detection of these chemicals in the yolky stomach contents provides a mechanism by which oophagous elasmobranch females offload contaminants onto their young.


Background:  The metabolic syndrome is a deadly combination of hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, and dyslipidemia due to abdominal obesity. The causes this is both bad genes and bad environment. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of metabolic control of diabetes in the development of neuropathy. Methods: The present hospital based cross sectional study was conducted at MNR Medical College and Hospital, Sangareddy. The study was undertaken between October 2012 to May 2014 both in inpatient and outpatient department. Diabetic patients seeking consultation for the symptoms suggestive of neuropathy were screened and labeled as suffering from diabetic neuropathy based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results:  Diabetic neuropathy was common in the age group of 56 to 65 years in both male and female (33.3%). Average duration of diabetes was 8.7 years. Overall the rate of irregularity was much more (78%). Maximum (78%) patients reported presence of sensory symptoms. Diminision or loss of both ankle jerks was present in all 60 cases while 28 patients showed sluggish or absent knee jerks in total 60 patients. Maximum patients (60%) had distal symmetrical neuropathy. Conclusions:  Longstanding diabetes and poor glycaemic control are particularly associated with an increased risk of neuropathy in diabetes mellitus.


AbstractThis paper presents the seismic upgrade of existing frame structures by using the self-centering (SC) concrete wall with friction dampers. Working principle, numerical simulation, and desig...


We read an interesting 'Clinical science' article by Dotan et al 1 entitled 'Intracameral recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) for refractory toxic anterior segment syndrome'. After studying the manuscript there are some issues that come to mind.

First, their prospective study was performed between May 2010 and November 2011. r-tPA was injected into patients …


Heterojunction bipolar transistors have been monolithically integrated with a pin photodetector to realise a high speed transimpedance photoreceiver. The OEIC, made from MOVPE-growth InP/InGaAs heterostructures, had a bandwidth of 2.8 GHz with a transimpedance of 750 Ω. It was successfully operated at 4 Gbit/s with a sensitivity of −21 dBm at a wavelength of 1.5 μm.


To analyze the ability of certain beams to maintain information stability under the influence of random fluctuations of the optical medium, numerical calculations are used with the help of turbulence simulators such as diffusers, scattering screens and turbulence cells. These turbulence simulators can be generated via the Karhunen-Loeve decomposition, which is the basis of the eigenfunctions of the correlation function. A random medium simulator formed for a Gaussian correlation function was used to study the ability of single-ring Laguerre-Gaussian vortex beams to retain their structure. The results showed that an increase in the order of the optical vortex leads to less beams phase singularity stability to random optical fluctuations.


In order to study the application of nanofluids for enhancing heat transfer in the field of liquid-cooled data centers, a mathematical and physical model of liquid-cooled servers was established in this paper. FC–40 was used as the server cooling liquid base, and simulation studies were conducted on the flow and heat transfer of five types of nanofluid: Cu–FC40, CuO–FC40, Al–FC40, Al2O3–FC40, and TiO2–FC40. The results showed that using Al–FC40 nanofluids as the cooling medium had the best heat transfer effect. Under the same operating conditions, the average Nusselt number Nu and friction resistance coefficient f of five types of nanofluid were analyzed, and the heat transfer state of Al–FC40 nanofluid had the smallest f. Further analysis was conducted on the influence of 'nanoparticle volume fraction' α and 'server inlet flow rate' u on fluid flow and heat transfer. Our research found that an increase in α and the acceleration of u can effectively reduce the surface temperature of server components. As u increases, Nu gradually increases and f generally decreases, but the amplitude of the increase and decrease becomes smoother.


It is suggested that instructions with implicit register references may be readily added to current computer processors in order to facilitate a number of common operations.


Modern transport is the most important component of the world economy and has a huge impact on the dynamics of economic processes. Approximately 1.2 million people die every year in road traffic accidents (RTA), and up to 50 million people are injured and become disabled. According to the World Bank, the annual economic damage from road traffic accidents reaches astronomical values, up to exceeds $500 billion US dollars / year, taking into account the Abstract


Password-enabled PKI facilitates the private key management by integrating easy-to-use passwords into PKI. In the first PKI research workshop, Sandhu et al. categorized password-enabled PKI schemes as virtual soft tokens and virtual smartcards [26]. Compared to the conventional PKI, password-enabled PKI introduces a security-critical server where large number of password-related credentials are stored. The compromise of this server will render these password-based credentials susceptible to the dictionary attack and, thus, damage the security of numerous private keys. In this article, using multiple servers, we propose an intrusiontolerant virtual soft token scheme and an intrusiontolerant virtual smartcard scheme. In our schemes, compromising up to a threshold number of these servers will not help an attacker mount a dictionary attack and, compared to previous work, our schemes can still function in the presence of some server failures. The multiple servers introduced in our intrusion-tolerant password-enabled PKI can be easily managed and PKI users can roam with human memorable passwords.


The morbidity and mortality of people living with HIV (PLWH) has decreased markedly after the introduction of highly effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). The safety profile of drugs used for HIV has improved over time, and nowadays, co-formulated combinations with excellent tolerability are available. One of the most commonly used is elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (EVG/COBI/FTC/TAF) due to its effectiveness in viral suppression and good tolerability [1-2]. PLWH are at greater risk of suffering hepatobiliary complications, not only caused by opportunistic infections or AIDS cholangiopathy related to advanced immunosuppression but also due to drug-induced hepatotoxicity, use of alcohol or other substances, coinfections with hepatitis virus or liver steatosis [3]. This article describes a case of a patient who developed a severe increase in cholestasis parameters after starting EVG/COBI/FTC/TAF regimen, probably related to integrase strand transfer inhibitor (InSTI). Liver enzyme elevation during InSTI-based therapy is an unusual finding. To our knowledge, this is the first report in the literature of EVG/COBI/FTC/TAF-associated cholestasis. The article tries to generate knowledge in order to strengthen pharmacovigilance of this adverse effect and reviews the available data on cholestasis in PLWH.


INVOKING NATIONAL SECURITY There is no more important assertion of policy validation than an assertion of national security. Within the law, invocation of the phrase carries important substantive and procedural implications. Where the president acts in the interest of national security, he can assert the constitutional authority to do so as chief executive and commander in chief and with all the authority the president possesses over the conduct of foreign affairs. This has obvious ramifications in a constitutional climate where presidents have long asserted authority to use force as commander in chief, without express congressional authorization, and to employ the instruments of intelligence without legislative or judicial review. Like the president, the Congress also acts with additional constitutional authority in the area of national security. Thus, in addition to the power of the purse, the take care clause, and the "legislative Powers," the Congress has express authority to "declare war," "to lay and collect taxes … to … provide for the common Defense," "to raise and support Armies," and "to provide and maintain a Navy." From a lawyer's perspective, this means that invocation of national security will often put questions of law into that often indeterminate twilight of constitutional law involving the separate and shared powers of the political branches. Invocation of national security also increases the statutory instruments available to the president. "National security" is the substantive threshold for many, if not most, of the statutorily authorized national security tools.


This paper analyzes in detail the correlation between gate and substrate currents in a deep sub-micron MOS transistor for different values of substrate voltage. The influence of channel length and oxide thickness on the gate injection and generation efficiency is studied from the point of non-volatile memories. The results show that the improvement of injection efficiency induced by the reverse substrate voltage becomes smaller as the gate length is reduced and also shows a turn around for smaller oxide thickness. The possible mechanisms responsible for such trends are discussed.


A compatible factorization of order ν, is an ν×ν−12 array in which the entries in row i form a near-one-factor with focus i, and the triples associated with the rows contain no repetitions. In this paper, we aim to amend this compatible factorization so that we can display ν(ν−1)2−2ν3 triples with the minimum repeated triples. Throughout this paper we propose a new type of factorization called near-compatible factorization. First, we present the compatible factorization towards developing a near-compatible factorization. Second, we discuss briefly the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of near-compatible factorization. Then, we exemplify the construction for case ν = 9 as a groundwork in developing near-compatible factorization.


Phase separation under convection, related to the Marangoni instability, is critical in the development of advanced polymer processing technologies. The formation mechanisms of polymer patterns driven by the phase separation under convection, however, still require further investigations. In this work, we study the phase separation of polystyrene (PS)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bilayer films during the spin-coating processes. PMMA film-coated glass substrates are dripped by PS solutions in toluene before spinning. The concentration gradients of the PS solutions and the swollen PMMA films cause the surface tension-driven Marangoni instability; lateral phase separations also occur during the spin-coating processes, forming the interesting and uncommon radial linear patterns with nanoscale heights on the PS/PMMA bilayer films. By changing the solution waiting time and spin rates, the surface morphologies of the PS/PMMA bilayer films can be controlled. At longer waiting times, the higher degrees of swel...


The utility model provides a handstand body building bed, which combines the bed for life with the body building, and combines the massage and physical therapy with the handstand body building, and also increases the handstand which can be controlled and the massage and rotation function which stays at other random angles based on the bed for physical therapy. The handstand body building bed, whose structure comprises a bedside, a bedstead, a bed leg and a bed board, is characterized in that a roll-over bed which is supported and driven by a hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the bedstead. The utility model does not occupy special place for body building, solves the problems of that the consumer builds the body when in rest, and is a good assistant for massage and healing, in particular to the patient who is crocky and weak and lies in bed for a long time. The utility model is simple and safe in structure, and can easily meet the needs of massage and exercise of vast consumers.


For individuals with diabetes to live a healthy life, they must balance carbohydrate intake, insulin injections, physical activity, and monitoring of blood glucose levels. For adolescents with diabetes, this can be challenging – measuring blood glucose and injecting insulin often feels awkward, especially in public areas. In the long run, the result of not managing the factors affecting their diabetes can cause serious consequences. In order to motivate this particular group with diabetes to maintain recommended levels of blood glucose, serious games can be used. The Diabetes Automata project is a part of the research being done on serious games for diabetes at the Norwegian Centre for Integrated Care and Telemedicine. In the project, we have developed a prototype version of a software engine on which diabetes-related serious games, simulators and other tools for diabetes management on various platforms can be based. The Diabetes Automata calculates blood glucose levels based upon relevant patient-gathered data such as insulin, carbohydrates, physical activity, and the user's biometry. The prototype is not yet evaluated.


Lesquerella is a potential crop plant that produces seeds containing hydroxy fatty acids similar to those in castor beans. An important step in the commercialization of this plant for Arizona farms is the development of an efficient agronomic production system. Research on cultural practices for lesquerella was conducted during the 1991 -92 and 1992 -93 seasons. Results of planting date experiments indicate that early fall planting dates are superior to late fall or winter dates in terms of dry matter production and seed yield. Lesquerella produced a marked response to nitrogen (N) in tests comparing different N rates. In a postemergence weed control test, several herbicides gave good control of small winter weeds. Introduction Lesquerella has been determined to have potential as a crop plant that can provide U.S. industry with a domestic source of hydroxy fatty acids. Presently, imported castor oil and its derivatives are the only commercial source of these industrial fatty acids. Lesquerella produces a seed oil high in lesquerolic acid which is essentially identical to ricinoleic acid in castor beans. Consequently, lesquerella has potential for replacing castor as well as finding uses in other new industrial products. Lesquerella oil and its derivatives can be used in a wide range of products including resins, waxes, nylons, plastics, lubricants, cosmetics and coatings. The species currently being domesticated, Lesquerella fendleri, occurs in the wild from Arizona to Texas and Oklahoma and it grows as a winter annual at elevations from 2000 to 5900 ft. in areas of annual rainfall ranging from 10 to 18 inches. Preliminary research indicates that lesquerella can be produced in Arizona in a cropping system similar to that of winter wheat or small grains. A key element in the commercialization of this plant is the development of an efficient agronomic production system. Needed immediately is information on when to plant the crop to obtain maximum yields. Also, the development of weed control strategies is critical to the successful cultivation of this plant. Research reported here was conducted the past two seasons to evaluate fall and winter planting dates for lesquerella production in central Arizona. Nitrogen (N) fertility rates were included in these studies to determine the response of lesquerella to nitrogen. Also, a preliminary study of the use of postemergence herbicides for winter weed control in lesquerella was conducted in 1992 -93. Materials and Methods All cultural experiments were conducted at the University of Arizona Maricopa Agricultural Center, Maricopa, Az. The soil at this location is a Mohall sandy loam. Field preparations prior to planting included disking, land leveling and incorporating ON45P -OK fertilizer at a rate of 200 lbs /acre.


Length-weight relationships for five finfish fish species belonging to five different families were estimated collected from Chennai coast, Tamil Nadu, India. The estimated allometric parameter 'b' values ranged from 2.78 ( Nemipterus randalli Russel, 1986) to 3.32 ( Trachinocephalus myops (Forster, 1801) which is within the normal range and r 2 values ranged from 0.952 ( Nemipterus randalli) to 0.980 ( Trachinocephalus myops ). All the LWRs were highly significant, with p < .005. There were no prior LWRs data in Fish Base from India regarding three of these species ( Stolephorus indicus, Trachinocephalus myops and Upeneus tragula ).


The IUD is a modern contraceptive designed in such a way as to its size, material, and active period. Then placed in the uterine cavity as a contraceptive effort to prevent fertilization and stop the egg from implanting in the uterus. This study aimed to determine the distribution of frequencies, relationships, and factors that were more dominant, namely age, education, knowledge, attitudes, and husband's support for IUD contraception. The type of this research was an analytic survey with a cross-sectional approach; the population in this study was 171, namely all mothers who did not use IUD contraception in the Rantauprapat City Health Center. working area Data analysis used univariate, bivariate with a chi-square test, and multivariate with a logistic regression test. The results of the study using the chi-square test were seen from the results of age (p-value) = 0.001, <0.05. Knowledge (p-value) = 0.000 <0.05 and attitude (p-value) = 0.003 <0.05. Then there is the influence of age, knowledge, and attitudes with the low use of IUD contraception and the most influential attitude factor seen from the results of multivariate analysis with a regression test value of <0.25. The conclusion of this study is that there is an influence of age, knowledge, and attitudes toward the use of IUD contraception in the working area of the rantauprapat city health center. It is hoped that health workers, especially midwives, will be more active in promoting types of contraception, especially regarding IUD contraception.


Out of six cereals, viz, rice, maize, wheat, barley, jowar and bajra, and two pulses, viz, gram and pea, fed separately in the laboratory to Indian gerbil (Tatera indica indica Hardwicke) and bandicoot rat, (Bandicota bengalensis Gray), wheat was the most preferred food, followed by rice, gram, maize, bajra, jowar, pea and barley for bandicoot rat, B. bengalensis. In the case of T. indica indica, the order of preference of different food was: rice, wheat, bajra, maize, jowar, gram, barley and pea. Thus, wheat and rice can be successfully used as bait materials for both the species of field rats. Also, gram and bajra can be used as alternative food for them.


This article aims at discussing the city's landscape as a phenomenon and object of public interest, emphasizing it as a law theme, in view to establish it as a specific public policy for urban development. At first, it explores issues involving the contemporary "human-nature-city" relationship, as an indicator of an ethical-political crisis of the State, which reflects a representation crisis involving fundamental constitutional rights closely connected to a wide-range environmental crisis. It argues that the ever-increasing process of socio-political fragmentation of


Facing the problem that coal gangue and fly ash take lot of farmland and pollute the eco- environment of mine areas,on the basic of checking element property of coal gangue and fly ash in Fuxin,use breaking coal gangue as coarse aggregate,fly ash as fillers and steel fiber as reinforced materials all that were combined with epoxide adhesive,successfully produce resin concrete whose 7d compression strength 56.78MPa,flexural strength 15.47MPa.We designed 9 group resin concrete specimen through uniform design,and used software SPSS to do with experiment data and establish strength regression equation,used software MATLAB to obtain optimum mix proportion.This item consumes minders a lot,and the mix quantity of coal gangue and fly ash is near to 85%,the experiment research results presents a new way for Fuxin economy and can have important meaning for Fuxin areas realizing co-development.


Significance With >10,000 living species, squamate reptiles (lizards, snakes) exhibit enormous phenotypic variation reflecting their incredible range in ecology and developmental strategies. What drove this exceptional diversity? We analyze high-density surface morphometric data for skulls representing ∼200 modern and extinct species to provide a comprehensive, clade-wide investigation of how ecological and developmental factors contributed to cranial evolution across geologic time, skull regions, and taxa. Although diet and habitat have had an overarching impact on skull evolution (e.g., herbivory, along with aquatic and fossorial habitats, are associated with rapid evolution), lizards and snakes surprisingly share a common pattern of trait correlations (integration). The remarkable ecological and morphological diversity in squamates thus arose from selection acting on a conserved architecture of phenotypic integration. Factors intrinsic and extrinsic to organisms dictate the course of morphological evolution but are seldom considered together in comparative analyses. Among vertebrates, squamates (lizards and snakes) exhibit remarkable morphological and developmental variations that parallel their incredible ecological spectrum. However, this exceptional diversity also makes systematic quantification and analysis of their morphological evolution challenging. We present a squamate-wide, high-density morphometric analysis of the skull across 181 modern and extinct species to identify the primary drivers of their cranial evolution within a unified, quantitative framework. Diet and habitat preferences, but not reproductive mode, are major influences on skull-shape evolution across squamates, with fossorial and aquatic taxa exhibiting convergent and rapid changes in skull shape. In lizards, diet is associated with the shape of the rostrum, reflecting its use in grasping prey, whereas snakes show a correlation between diet and the shape of posterior skull bones important for gape widening. Similarly, we observe the highest rates of evolution and greatest disparity in regions associated with jaw musculature in lizards, whereas those forming the jaw articulation evolve faster in snakes. In addition, high-resolution ancestral cranial reconstructions from these data support a terrestrial, nonfossorial origin for snakes. Despite their disparate evolutionary trends, lizards and snakes unexpectedly share a common pattern of trait integration, with the highest correlations in the occiput, jaw articulation, and palate. We thus demonstrate that highly diverse phenotypes, exemplified by lizards and snakes, can and do arise from differential selection acting on conserved patterns of phenotypic integration.


The aim of the study was to determine whether combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) with high central nervous system penetration‐effectiveness (CPE) rank (neurocART) is associated with increased survival benefit compared with non‐neurocART.


Discarded fishing gear which continue to catchtarget and non-target species are called ghost nets.It has been estimated that each year, around640,000 tons of ghost nets are generated globally,accounting for around 10 percent of the world'smarine debris (Macfadyen et al., 2009, FAO Fisheriesand Aquaculture Technical Paper No. 523). In India,the use of gillnets of very thin polyamidemonofilament yarn of 0.12 to 0.16 mm diameterwith a lifespan of 3 to 6 months is common both inthe marine as well as inland water bodies.


Although people search for authentic, memorable and meaningful experiences in cultural tourism, these requirements are not considered as part of a virtual or hybrid experience and therefore are not considered keys in their design. This paper presents an analysis of the concept of authenticity, extending its meaning well beyond the traditional interpretation in ICT. Through the study of how this concept has been developed and used in different domains and through an exploration in the wild, adopting a Cultural Probe Kit approach, it has been possible to identify the three interconnected dimensions of authenticity, their characteristics and design strategies that should be adopted to strengthen the perception of authenticity in the users of Virtual and Hybrid experiences.


Today,the problem of adolescent's committing crime has been a serious problem which obsesses the society and hinders social development.Although there are many factors which causes the adolescent commit crime,adolescent's committing crime is originated from the society itself.In my opinion,the social malady which leads to isolation of human nature makes some adolescent commit crime.The expansion of human selfish desire weakens human rationality and strengthens human irrationality.Therefore,moral decay makes people conduct evils rather than goodness,the social principles make people rebel against the society itself.The feature of adolescent's body and mind make some of them become the sufferers of social maladies.Social maladies isolates normal human feeling nature, which makes them commit crime and become the invaders of society.


Extraction of volatile oils from the dry fruits of Litsea cubeba with supercritical carbon dioxide was studied. The influence of temperature, pressure, CO2 flow rate and time on the efficiency of extraction was examined by orthogonal experiment. Meantime, the antioxidant activity of Litsea cubeba oil was measured by the DPPH test, and it was studied for the first time how the application of co-solvent and the extraction time can affect the rate of extraction and the oil's antioxidant activity. The results show that the optimal extracting conditions are determined as pressure 25 MPa, temperature 50 ℃, CO2 flow rate 40 L/h, with largest extraction rate of volatile oils as 36.7%. The extraction time can make big difference on the total yield and antioxidant activity: the first 20 min of extraction time can get the 80.86%-97.11% of total yield, while the oil extracted by next 20 min show higher transparency and antioxidant activity than that from the first 20 min. It is proved that adding the co-solvent can improve extract's total yield and antioxidant activity. The extraction rates can reach 45.88% when acetic ether used as co-solvent. The best antioxidant activity can be achieved when methyl alcohol is used as co-solvent, with the IC50 measured by DPPH method as low as 0.30 g/L, compared with 7.63 g/L of CK.


Digital signal processing is the de facto standard in wireless communications. Facilitated by the unprecedented increase in computing power, it offers excellent performance in tasks such as channel equalization, demodulation, or error correction. With increasing bitrates in wireless links, towards 10 Gb/s and above, this development needs to be re-assessed as analog techniques may offer the required performance at much reduced power and cost. This paper will focus on the receiver part of the channel, discussing how analog signal processing techniques can be successfully applied to demodulation and channel equalization.


Real time GPS measurements are becoming an essential part of surveying. During the last years several real time methods have been introduced. One of the most sophisticated one, Virtual reference station (VRS) is using GPS network to mitigate errors inherent to GPS positioning. The quality of VRS was studied in such conditions that are typical in Finland and northern latitudes. The study was divided into two major parts. The main objectives were real time field measurements and density of VRS network.


A 63−90 μm size fraction of an Australian bituminous coal sample was fed into a drop tube furnace (DTF) and a pressurized drop tube furnace (PDTF) to generate chars. A gas temperature of 1573 K and system pressures of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 MPa were considered. Particle size analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and image analysis were employed to analyze the chars produced in order to investigate the effect of system pressure on the resultant char structure and morphology. The char character was found to be influenced significantly by the system pressure. Results obtained indicated that the coal and char fragmentation might have occurred during devolatilization at high pressure. The char size (as characterized by the swelling ratio) was also observed to increase with system pressure. The cross-sectional characterization of the char particles indicated that at high pressure the majority of the char particles are of high porosity with thin walls or network (the group I type) rather than of medium p...


This paper presents a new heuristic algorithm for solving a class of
dynamic laser antimissile problems. The main virtue of this
algorithm is that it can find a satisfactory local optimal solution
within allowable short time duration which is the rigid requirement
in this application. Two examples are considered and solved to
illustrate the effectiveness of algorithm proposed.


The invention discloses a forming method of a semiconductor structure. The method comprises the steps as follows: a sacrificial layer and a first mask layer are formed on partial surface of a substrate, wherein the first mask layer is located on the surface of the sacrificial layer; the surface of the first mask layer has first roughness; partial sacrificial layer at the bottom of the first mask layer is removed, so that the first mask layer is suspended above the substrate; annealing is carried out on the first mask layer, so that the surface of the first mask layer has second roughness; the second roughness is smaller than the first roughness; a second mask material film is formed on the surface of the substrate and surrounds the first mask layer; the surface of the second mask material film is higher than or flush with the bottom surface of the first mask layer; the second mask material film is etched until the surface of the substrate is exposed; with the first mask layer as a mask, a second mask layer is formed between the first mask layer and the substrate; and with the first mask layer and the second mask layer as the masks, the substrate is etched. The morphology of the semiconductor structure is improved; and the dimensional accuracy of the formed semiconductor structure is improved.


Art is considered as one of the most problematic issues for Arabs from the religious point of view, especially oil painting which is the focus of this research. In this research, we preferred to highlight the contradicted and wrong aspects strongly involved in this context which goes on between allowance (Hallal) and forbiddance (Haram). Therefore, we tried to focus on those texts from the holly Koran regarding painting. However, through our search we didn't find any trace for an absolute forbiddance. As the masters of the Islam sciences or the so-called (Al Feqeh ) say that; " there is no forbiddance unless it is clearly mentioned , at least , in one clear text in Al Koran." In other words, if there is no clear sign for the forbidden issue, it will still be allowed and to be dealt with under the allowance rules. During our search, we will diagnose what have been mentioned in the (Hadeeth Al Sheriff )or the talks of the prophet Mohammed and the arguments occurred among the Islamic Feqih Masters to reach a conclusion that : what is not totally agreed is still a matter of argument. Finally, we will find that forbiddance in the early stage of the Islam was resulted from the strong fear of returning back to the pre-Islamic worship (wathani) . As so, we could say that it was a temporary forbiddance connected to a particular time and circumstances and it was never been ultimate. One of the feqeh rules mentioning that: rules could be changed once time changes. At the end of our research , we go on a quick reading of the Islamic art and its civilized achievements with all its abstract ornmetation which is essentially concerned with the idea of existence and the creator's singularity and on the ultimate in the lines. through harmony and architectural agreement the Islamic art was full of components and units. It already added much to the human civilization in general.


A large body of evidence has shown that type I IFN (IFN-I) biomarkers are associated with worse clinical features within each ANA-associated rheumatic disease (ARMD). IFN-I biomarkers also predict response to IFN-targeted and other therapies. DEFINITION is an observational study to explore the clinical associations of IFN biomarkers across the disease course and spectrum of ARMDs. This is a preliminary analysis for the subsection on the spectrum of established ARMD.To determine whether patients with high IFN-I biomarkers have greater impact of disease including disease activity, functional impairment and quality of life.Adults with current or previous positive ANA and either criteria for any ARMD (SLE, pSS, IIM, SSc, MCTD) or consultant diagnosis of ARMD (may be undifferentiated if symptoms>12 months and/or treated with immunosuppressants. We collected demographics, deprivation, participation, cardiovascular risk and comorbidity variables, diagnostic criteria for each ARMD, quality of life and other patient-reported outcome measures, and therapies. Disease activity was summarised using a composite of validated instruments to classify each organ system as severe, moderate, mild or inactive (equivalent to BILAG A-D/E for SLE). IFN-I pathway activation was measured using gene expression IFN Score A and B and memory B cell tetherin. We used Spearman correlations and unsupervised hierarchical clustering and to find associations between clinical outcomes and IFN-I biomarkers.Of 294 patients, 23/294 (18%) were male, mean (SD) age was 50 (14), index of multiple deprivation decile 4.9 (3.1), Charlson comorbidity index 2.1 (1.5). Current therapy was prednisolone (24.5%), hydroxychloroquine (45.2%), methotrexate (17.7%), mycophenolate (11.9%), azathioprine (10.2%), rituximab (8.5%), cyclophosphamide (0.3%). 104 patients had SLE, 111 had UCTD, 33 and pSS, 19 had myositis, 14 had SSc and 13 had MCTD.There was a significant association between ARMD diagnosis and IFN Score A (F= 2.52, p=0.030) and memory B cell tetherin (F= 4.34, p<0.001) but not IFN Score B (F=0.66, p=0.653).In pairwise correlations only one weak relationship between SF36 PCS and memory B cell tetherin was found (R=0.33, p<0.001). No substantive relationship was found between gene expression scores and clinical features.However, unsupervised hierarchical clustering across all ARMD patients yielded 5 clusters of patients with a significant role for sociodemographic variables that revealed further relationships between IFN biomarkers and disease activity. Cluster 1: mild symptoms, low comorbidity, high affluence; Cluster 2: older, high comorbidity, high affluence; Cluster 3: younger, low affluence, poor QoL; Cluster 4: high tetherin and BILAG; Cluster 5: low IFN and BILAG.There are complex relationships between IFN and clinical features across the spectrum of ARMDs. This is confounded by socioeconomic variables, which must be considered in stratification studies.NIL.NIL.Jack Arnold: None declared, Lucy Marie Carter Consultant of: UCB, Katherine Dutton: None declared, Sabih-Ul Hassan: None declared, Zoe Wigston: None declared, Md Yuzaiful Md Yusof Consultant of: Aurinia and UCB, Shouvik Dass Consultant of: Roche, Abbvie, UCB and Chugai.Edward Vital Speakers bureau: AstraZeneca and Novartis, Paid instructor for: AstraZeneca and Novartis, Consultant of: UCB, Pfizer, Aurinia, Lilly, Roche, Genentech, Otsuka, GSK and Capella.


The modified image method is used to invert active electromagnetic (AEM) data from a 1984 U. S. Navy survey of Cape Cod Bay. The high‐frequency data (7200 Hz) give a robust value for the altitude of the helicopter‐towed AEM bird and for the first‐layer skin depth and, hence, for the first‐layer conductivity. The inversion of low‐frequency (385 Hz) bottom‐probing signals produces more noise‐sensitive estimates for the water depth and for the conductivity contrast K, the ratio of the bottom to water conductivities. The results show good agreement with "ground‐truth" radar altimeter, sea conductivity, and sonar depth data. To demonstrate the accuracy of the modified image method of inversion, we incorporate ground‐truth measurements along a flight line and the experimental frequencies in a forward Sommerfeld calculation to generate synthetic data which then are inverted using this technique.


This thesis focuses on the experiences of a group of Zulu performers from South Africa who toured Britain and the United States from 1879 until 1884. It has two aims. First, this project will demonstrate that some Africans chose to negotiate, influence, and resist the terms under which they were being exhibited. They did so using a wide range of methods. Second, although negotiating their labour was an important part of their experiences, this thesis will demonstrate through the use of specific examples involving the Zulu troupe, that many African performers had a multitude of encounters, experiences, and relationships that had little to do with their performances. This thesis provides a more multifaceted, balanced, and comprehensive narrative of the African experience of performing in exhibitions than typically offered in the existing literature. By keeping the African experience at the forefront of analysis and narrative, this thesis challenges historical assumptions about African performers in exhibitions during the nineteenth century.


We calculate to three-loop order the renormalization group flow of the interaction constants for polymer solutions containing several chemically different polymer species. Close to the fixed points we determine the flow by a Pade-Borel analysis using information on the asymptotic behaviour of the perturbation expansion. We furthermore derive exact relations which connect the correction to scaling exponents of binary solutions or of star polymers, and in the cross over region we integrate the flow equations numerically to get a global picture. To clarify the relation to previous work based on "direct renormalization" we present a detailed discussion of the interpenetration ratio for two chains of different chemistry or size.


Multi-frequency electrical impedance tomography (MFEIT) has been rapidly developed, from theory to application, in the biomedical imaging. Compared with the traditional electrical impedance tomography (EIT), MFEIT provided more information for physiological status analysis or pathological diagnosis. In this work, a MFEIT system based on FPGA is designed, which includes the following new characteristics. First, a high-accuracy multi-frequency current source with adjustable output frequency and amplitude as well as high output impedance is designed based on the combination of a classic current mirror and a differential topology, which demonstrates stable performance in high frequencies. Second, a reference measurement circuit is developed for the calibration of phase measurement data, through which the amplitude data and phase data can be more accurately measured. Furthermore, the low-pass filters of system have been designed based on the Butterworth filter theory to realize the flattest frequency response in the passband. A series of systematic tests are performed on the MFEIT system, including filter testing, amplitude and phase signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) measurements, channel consistency and measurement repeatability verification. Finally, the flatness analysis of the system frequency response and the load dependency discussion are performed respectively. In all, the maximum amplitude SNR and phase SNR of the boundary measurements are 71.55dB and 64.12dB respectively. The frequency response curve at low loads is almost flat across the entire bandwidth between 20Hz and 1MHz. Although the frequency response deteriorates when the magnitude of load is as high as kΩ, it remains flat in the frequency range of 200Hz-100kHz. The evaluation results indicate that the system has good performance over a wide frequency band, and achieves a relatively high SNR.


The influences of nitric acid treatment on a carbon nanotube (CNT) support and the preparation method, incipient wetness impregnation (IWI) versus chemical vapor deposition (CVD), on catalytic performance during Fischer–Tropsch (FT) synthesis were examined using a slurry phase reactor. Acid treated CNT (ACNT) supported Ru catalysts exhibited higher activities compared to Ru supported on untreated CNTs (UCNTs). The acid-treated CVD catalyst had higher initial CO conversion (smaller average Ru particle size) but sintered more due to a greater tendency for Ru to be deposited exterior to CNT channels relative to IWI. After the initial decline and leveling off period, the ACNT IWI catalyst had the highest steady activity among the catalysts tested. The ACNT IWI catalyst also displayed greater oxygenate selectivity (∼17%) compared to ACNT CVD (∼12%) and UCNT IWI (∼10%) catalysts at similar conversions. Acid treatment created adsorption sites on the CNT surface that anchor Ru precursors and promote CO insertion ...


In this paper, system identification of anti-vibration units in semiconductor exposure apparatus is discuss巴d. Since the semiconductor exposure apparatus has multi-degrees-of-freedom (multi-DOF) motional mechanism, the system must be treated as a Multi-Input-Multi-Output (MIMO) system. As a modeling method, the system identification methods are utilized to semiconductor exposure apparatus, inparticular subspace based state-space system ident泊cation(4SID) method is applied. Effectiveness of the 4SID method to MIMO system identification is examined 七hroughexperimen七aldata. Moreover, an estimation method of physical parameters of semiconductor exposure apparatus based on identified state-space model is presented. By identifying physical parameters of semiconductor exposure apparatus, it wil be expected that fault detections and diagnosis of the appara七uscan be done easily.


The last 20 years have seen a dramatic rise in the number of cases of skin cancer in the UK, and it is now the second most common form of cancer in this country. Since 1993, the Health Education Authority (HEA) has run a media-led campaign aimed at educating the general public about the risks associated with exposure to the sun, and the steps they can take to reduce these risksÐ avoiding the midday sun, seeking shade, covering up and using a high factor sunscreen. The campaign recognises the importance of working with commercial partners, and the sunscreen industry represents one such opportunity. Research suggests that it is the sunscreen message that gains the most media coverage and is the one that people are most ready to take up. There is a danger, however, that this message reinforces the idea that it is possible to tan safely and encourages people to stay out longer in the sun. In order to encourage people to recognise that sunscreens per se do not make the sun safe, and to regard sunscreens as just one part of a broader strategy for keeping safe in the sun, the HEA has developed a `Sun Safe Code'. This code has been developed and pretested with members of the public, and in consultation with health professionals and sunscreen manufacturers. The final code has been made available to a wide range of health educators and commercial organisations, and can be used in a wide variety of situations, either on product or at point of sale. This paper describes the developmental process.


This article introduces the upcoming series of articles that explore the meaning of positive psychology and the importance of applying the latest research findings, in particular, for the wellbeing...


Introduction. The role of physical activity in preventive healthcare constitutes a subject matter of numerous research. In fact, it was proven that physical effort has an impact on lowering the risk of some neoplasms. Aim. The aim of the paper was to assess the influence of physical activity on the increase or a decrease of odds ratio for developing malignant breast cancer in women. Material and Methods. The research included healthy women and women diagnosed with malignant breast cancer on the basis of biopsy material or surgical intervention. The research involved 850 women, aged 21–84. Results. Increased physical effort, both in terms of household duties and physical activity, in patients presented as follows: 1102.61 MET for passive rest at home, 3803.47 MET for household chores, and 1971.54 MET for sports activities. On the other hand, in subjects without malignant lesions in the breasts the study indicated the following results: 1024.05 MET for passive rest, 4150.97 MET for domestic activities and 1651.46 MET for sports activities. Conclusions. Medium and high physical activity associated with household duties decreases the risk of breast cancer development. In order to lower the risk of developing breast cancer in women, active lifestyle should be promoted in terms of physical effort within medium physical activity, i.e. 600–1500 MET.


Tropical dry forests in eastern and southern Africa cover 2.5 × 106 km2, support wildlife habitat and livelihoods of more than 150 million people, and face threats from land use and climate change. To inform conservation, we need better understanding of ecosystem processes like nutrient cycling that regulate forest productivity and biomass accumulation. Here we report on patterns in nitrogen (N) cycling across a 100‐year forest regrowth chronosequence in the Tanzanian Miombo woodlands. Soil and vegetation indicators showed that low ecosystem N availability for trees persisted across young to mature forests. Ammonium dominated soil mineral N pools from 0‐ to 15‐cm depth. Laboratory‐measured soil N mineralization rates across 3‐ to 40‐year regrowth sites showed no significant trends and were lower than mature forest rates. Aboveground tree N pools increased at 6 to 7 kg N·ha−1·yr−1, accounting for the majority of ecosystem N accumulation. Foliar δ15N <0‰ in an N‐fixing canopy tree across all sites suggested that N fixation may contribute to ecosystem N cycle recovery. These results contrast N cycling in wetter tropical and Neotropical dry forests, where indicators of N scarcity diminish after several decades of regrowth. Our findings suggest that minimizing woody biomass removal, litter layer, and topsoil disturbance may be important to promote N cycle recovery and natural regeneration in Miombo woodlands. Higher rates of N mineralization in the wet season indicated a potential that climate change‐altered rainfall leading to extended dry periods may lower N availability through soil moisture‐dependent N mineralization pathways, particularly for mature forests.


Phyllodes of species of Acacia from the sections Julflorae, Plurinerves, Lycopodiifoliae and Phyllodineae are described in respect of the disposition of the stomates relative to the phyllode surface, size of the substomatal cavities, outline of the phyllode as seen in transverse section, and disposition of the smaller vascular bundles. The first three of these characters are shown to be related to stickiness and the third and fourth to the relative humidity or aridity of the environment. The geographical distribution of sticky species in central and eastern Australia is determined. Sticky species occur throughout the region but are commoner in the more arid interior than in the more humid coastal regions. No relationship is apparent between stickiness and membership of the sections.


Arbitration is excluded from the scope of European judicial law instruments, in particular the Brussels I regulation. This exclusion does not prevent collisions with EU law neither competition between arbitrators and national judges. Does the competition between private arbitrators and national judges should be regulated by EU law in a market of justice or should be remain outside EU regulation?


The invention belongs to the technical field of isolating membranes and particularly relates to a composite porous isolating membrane, a battery prepared with the isolating membrane and a preparation method of the isolating membrane. The composite porous isolating membrane comprises a porous base material and a porous coating which coats at least one surface of the composite porous base material, wherein polymer network structures are distributed in the composite porous base material or/and the porous coating, and are used for fixing trapped components as a whole; polymers which form the polymer network structures include high-molecular polymers which are of a symmetrical structure. Compared with the prior art, the isolating membrane disclosed by the invention has the advantages that a ceramic layer coats the surface of the porous base material so as to have an effect of improving the safety of a cell; the polymer network structures are generated by in-situ polymerization inside the ceramic layer so as to fix the ceramic coating to solve the problem of falling of the coating; finally, selected monomers for forming the network structure polymers are symmetrical structure monomers with quite good electrochemical performance, so that the final chemical performance of the cell is not affected.


The 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill caused extensive damage to the northern Gulf of Mexico ecosystem, and resulted in numerous fines and penalties that will be available in the coming years for environmental restoration and economic recovery. These funds are jump-starting recovery and restoration efforts across the Gulf region, including in Alabama where more than $720 million has been approved for projects to date. The Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (ADCNR) oversees many aspects of this restoration effort in the state, leveraging existing planning and stakeholder investments to maximize efficiencies and take advantage of local expertise. This paper provides an overview of a selection of planning tools Alabama utilizes to support DWH restoration efforts and highlights several of the ongoing restoration projects that will benefit coastal habitats and wildlife.


Inter-group leadership focuses on improving inter-group outcomes, such as innovation, that requires the integration of knowledge from two or more distinct working groups. Leadership efforts that are effective in intra-group contexts, such as creating a common identity, are problematic in inter-group contexts due to deep-rooted disciplinary differences in training, education, and conceptual frameworks. We study the impact of inter-group leader background and behavior on the knowledge integration and innovative performance of newly formed interdisciplinary medical science teams composed of diverse members who hail from disparate areas of knowledge and practice. We examine how the intrapersonal heterogeneity of an inter-group leader directly and indirectly affects the innovativeness of a science team through its moderating influence on team disciplinary diversity. We then identify, through an inductive observational study, the communication practices that intergroup leaders use to foster the integration and ...


The ownership structure, reflecting fundamentally operating structure of corporation, influences greatly the achievement of corporate value. This paper that chooses MBR as dependent variable and ownership structure as independent variable examines the relation among these variables by using Panel-Data Model. At the same time, to explain the importance role of industrial competitiveness, the paper analyse comparatively the different industries whose competition are unlike. Finally, we can draw the conclusion that differences in corporate ownership will straightly operate the corporate value in different way and the restricted ownership structure by few strong shareholders will promote corporate value effectively.


The Kyoto Protocol highlights the importance of forests in carbon dioxide sequestration: in this
context, the IPCC has outlined a methodology for estimating the "carbon budget" of the forest,
based on techniques commonly used in forest inventories. This work presents the results of a study
carried out in Sardinia, with the aim of identifying appropriate instruments for the assessment of the
Mediterranean holm oak forests contribution to the fixed carbon stock. The review of the
methodologies currently available for the estimation of the aboveground biomass of Mediterranean
forests evidenced that the knowledge on carbon budget estimation for this kind of ecosystem is
rather limited. The research performed, in collaboration with the Sardinia regional Sustainable
Development Service project ForEnCarb.UniSS.it, is based on the collection of experimental data
related to the Mediterranean holm oak forest of Seneghe, (central Sardinia). Applying a stratified
sampling design, 47 trees have been selected among the larger stems in the forest (larger than
17.5 cm dbh), and various (traditional and innovative) dendrometric measurements have conducted.
The dataset was used to compare and verify the allometric equation models developed for southern
Italy stands. Since the comparison gave unsatisfactory results, and the obtained dendrometic models
were limited, a direct determination of the aboveground biomass was performed. This work
provides new tools for the quantification of holm oak aboveground biomass based on statistical data
analysis and suggests non-conventional approaches in forest mensuration.


Huangmeng Ying Village belongs to Zhou Ying,Shenqiu County and is located by Sha Ying river.For more than ten years,quite a few villagers died unnaturally because of drinking polluted water for quite a long time.The case shows that China lacks an operation system of environment law,that is the legislation,the law enforcement,the law obedience,etc..In view of the lack,China needs to strengthen the laws which are related to environment protection so that the environmental right can be visualized in Chinese modern society.


This workshop was held on January 26, 2016 as part of the ULS/iSchool Digital Scholarship Workshop & Lecture Series. This workshop introduced participants to Omeka.net, a free, web-based tool that can be used to organize, describe, tell stories with, and share digital collections.


Heat-Clearing,Lung-Dispersing and Cough-Stopping Therapy" was employed to treat 73 cases of acute childhood bronchitis.The liver functions after treatment were compared with those before treatment and in 85 normal children.Results:In the 73 children,TPTEF/TE and VPEF/VE before treatment were lower than normal ones(P0.01);after treatment,they increased significantly(P0.01),but lower than the ones in the normal children(P0.05).


Renal diseases are distressing and it is, especially, the aspect of uncertainty that exerts an influence on patients' emotional adjustment to illness. The present study investigates the relationship between uncertainty and trait emotional intelligence (EI), and the role of EI as mediator in the relationship between uncertainty, anxiety, and depression in nephropathy patients. Fifty patients were asked to complete a worksheet including the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire—Short Form, and Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale. Structural equation modeling has been used to examine whether trait EI mediates the relationship between uncertainty, anxiety, and depression. Through structural equation modeling, it has been demonstrated that trait EI mediated the relationship between uncertainty, anxiety, and depression. These findings suggest to develop coaching programs aimed at strengthening nephropathy patients' emotional responses to uncertainty; in this way, it could be possible to observe an improvement in patients' quality of life.


This thesis adopts the method of literature review,comparative research,induction and deduction method to analyze the development research on the women's group of competitive net event of rackets in China,derive the experiment and provide reference for events with potentials advantages.The study shows that institutional advantages,Olympic glory,echeloned construction of reserved talents,high level league system as well as technical innovation are the major support for table tennis and badminton is becoming advantages events.To optimize management consistently,promoting coaching ability,improving youth back-up personnel system and competition system are key factors to make the events with potential advantages transfer into advantages events.


Brownian dynamics computer simulations have been carried out of complexes formed by charged dendrimers and oppositely charged linear polymer chains of different degree of polymerization Nch. Bead−rod freely jointed models in the Debye−Huckel approximation without hydrodynamic interactions have been considered. Mean-square radii of gyration together with the radial density distribution functions have been calculated separately for a complex, a dendrimer, and a linear chain in a complex. The mean-square radius of gyration, the different monomer radial distribution functions, and the static structure factor for a dendrimer in a complex with long enough chains are very close to those for a single neutral dendrimer. The monomers of the linear chains with Nch equal to the number of the dendrimer's terminal charged groups are located very close to these terminal groups. For longer chains the total number of the chain monomers adsorbed onto a dendrimer exceeds the number that is necessary for a dendrimer neutrali...


Rhomboid proteins are integral membrane enzymes with the unusual ability to cleave transmembrane protein segments within the membrane. This form of intramembrane proteolysis plays key roles in diverse cell communication events including EGF signalling during animal development, and quorum sensing during bacterial growth. In these contexts, rhomboid proteins act in the signal‐sending cell to activate signal precursor proteins and initiate the signalling event. Our recent biochemical advances have culminated in a pure enzyme reconstitution system for studying rhomboid activity, and the first high‐resolution crystal structures of any intramembrane protease. This work revealed that intramembrane proteolysis is catalyzed within a 'sink', a cavity that opens to the outside of the cell and allows water to enter, but is protected laterally from membrane lipids by a ring of protein segments. Importantly, our recent structure‐function analysis has implicated one transmembrane helix that provides a rate‐limiting movement to gate substrate entry laterally from the membrane. Finally, our recent functional studies have also expanded the cellular role of rhomboid proteins to broad biological processes, including breakdown of host‐parasite junctions during invasion by malaria parasites and tissue lysis by parasitic ameba. These data implicate rhomboid enzymes as possible therapeutic targets in human disease.


The aim of this article is to present the characteristics of collecting books in a philological library, which is treated as the basic workshop of academic research in the Institute of Modern Languages, but its target users are not only philologists. How to organize such a workshop, to make appropriate decisions about the collected pieces and to keep the collection up to date? How to exploit new sources of research? These are the main challenges for a librarian involved in the process of collection. The article presents the librarian in a variety of roles, taking into consideration the main development strategy profile of forming the collection of the Romance philology library.


No definitive consensus whether to treat or not to treat patients with advanced MDS with combination chemotherapy before SCT has been obtained yet. Between 1998 and 2003, fifty patients with primary MDS underwent allogeneic SCT from HLA-matched related (31 cases) or unrelated donors (19 cases). Twenty-five patients with less advanced disease (RA and RAEB with 10% of blasts or RAEB-T) were pretreated with combination chemotherapy (anthracycline + standard dose cytosine arabinoside [ARA-C] +/− etoposide for induction, intermediate or high dose ARA-C +/− anthracycline for 1 or 2 consolidation courses) followed by myeloablative conditioning in all but one patient; ten patients were transplanted immediately after myeloablative preparative regimen (Bu+Cy, Cy+TBI or Flu+TBI) intensified by idarubicin(21mg/m 2 x2) as initial therapy. Complete remission (CR) rate after combination chemotherapy was 72% (11 patients); 3 patients (19%) achieved partial remission (PR), 1 patient had resistant disease. Median age, median survival, 3 year DFS, transplant related mortality (TRM) and relapse rate in different subgroups of patients according to the FAB criteria are shown in the Table. No significant difference in relapse rate was observed between patients pretreated with chemotherapy and those transplanted directly after intensified conditioning; nevertheless, median survival and 3 year DFS were 31,5 months and 54% in pretreated patients compared to 6,8 months and 40% in non-pretreated patients. Five of the six patients who relapsed after SCT were transplanted either in PR or with resistant disease after chemotherapy (3 patients) or with the initial number of bone marrow blasts ranging from 21 to 24% before immediate SCT (2 patients); 1 patient relapsed after SCT with reduced conditioning performed in the first CR. On the other hand, seven out of eight patients with advanced disease surviving more than 3 years without signs of the disease had low or intermediate-1 score according to IPSS at the time of SCT. We conclude, that the reduction of bone marrow blasts using combination chemotherapy prior to SCT may benefit patients with advanced MDS and may contribute to prolonged DFS after transplantation. Results of SCT in different groups classified according to the FAB criteria


The recent impasse over federal forest management in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States has been a living laboratory of conflict and its management, and provides the context for this case study. While most of the media attention has been focused on regional or national events such as President Clinton's Forest Conference of April 1993, a larger number of localized conflicts have shaped the controversy at the grassroots level. This case study focuses on a pivotal meeting in one such conflict: the Shasta Costa planning process. Outside intervenors mediated the meeting, and USDA Forest Service personnel, timber industry representatives, and environmentalists participated Participant observation and a supplemental survey led to the following conclusions: (1) measures of standing (the legal and social basis for legitimate participation) differed between the industry and environmental representatives, (2) reliance on science differed between groups, and (3) the process was not able to overcome a power imbalance. These findings suggest that there may be little hope for local dispute efforts if there is substantial policy uncertainty at the national level. Implications for managing forestry conflict in the region are discussed.


The program will be designed by dynamic web page software with the web page production modes as interface , the ACCESS as back data base , both are programmed by Asp . Computerized management of the small and medium-sized track meet will be avaclable.


Community Question Answering (CQA) platforms need to be easy and fast in question or answer exploration. It is common to use tags to categorize items in these platforms, and create taxonomies that assist exploration, indexing and searching. The focus of this thesis lies in recommending similar questions (Question Retrieval) by simultaneously deciding whether the contexts of two questions are similar, and which tags are applicable for each question. Current methods targeted for Question Retrieval in CQA either consider deep learning approaches [44, 8], or conventional approaches that utilize the available information on questions' tags [11, 83]. The former framework is proved to be more powerful –especially in the case with loads of available data–, while the later is faster and successful in cases with few data. In this thesis, a deep learning approach for both question retrieval and tags recommendation is proposed, and their joint learning is found successful for transferring knowledge in the Question Retrieval task, after applying it on the AskUbuntu forum data. Additionally the neural network based Tag Recommendation performs better than the existing conventional methods.


Summary The importance of systemic aspects for social councelling for homeless people The author first describes the systemic concept of homelessness. Afterwards she describes the helping-structures for homeless people and makes some critical comments. She figures out the actual situation of social work in a helping-structure, where each subsystem rather works for itself than with each other. A study of the year 2009, in which the success of social work for homeless people within § 67 ff SGB XII was examined, was used as basic information. Then the author gives an example of a systemic approach for councelling for a homeless man who suffered from psychic diseases and lived in an organization with social service. In a postscriptum some basic assumptions for the success of social work for homeless people within the helping-structure of § 67 ff SGB XII are denominated.


A field experiment was conducted for the control of leaf spot of sapota during 1969–70 and 1970–71, with five different fungicides. Monthly sprays of Dithane Z-78 (0.2 per cent) and Lonacol (0.3 per cent) closely followed by Blitox (0.5 per cent) and Cuman (0.2 per cent) proved effective. The disease was prevalent at Bangalore throughout the year with varying intensitites and resulted into severe defoliation. Maximum incidence was observed in October, November and December. Dithane sprays gave the highest average yield of 176 kg per tree per year as compared to 153, 135 and 130 kg, respectively with Blitox, Fytolan and Control treatments. An additional income of Rs. 42.15 per tree was achieved every year with Dithane Z-78 sprays and was most economical.


42 ABSTRACT During the 2015 growing season, a three-year study was undertaken to investigate the effect of photo-selective coloured shade nets (red, blue and pearl) (20% shading) on fruit size (diameter), marketable yield, sunburn and wind damage, incidence of diseases and pest on 'Hass'. Open field and widely used common white Knittex nets (20% shading) were included for comparison. It was clearly evident from the three-year data collection that production under the shade nets improved the pack-out rate by minimising sun damage. To satisfy market demand and to attain profitable fruit production, growers must produce fruit of maximum quality, while retaining the highest possible yields. In this regard, the total yield obtained for the different colour shade nets appears to be a problem. Considering the yield data obtained with regards to alternate bearing, the 2015 season proved to be an "off year", followed by an "on year" in 2016 and followed by an "off year" in 2017. It is a positive finding that a higher yield was obtained under all the nets in the "off year" in 2015 when compared to that of the open field. However, it must be remembered that the nets were erected after fruit-set in 2015. Therefore, pollination was not negatively affected and during the period following fruit-set, the shading net covering provided protection. In this regard, permanent shade netting may cause excessive shading in low sunlight intensity periods during spring, which could potentially promote excessive shoot length, delay the onset of flowering and reduce optimum fruit set. During the 2017 "off season", only the red net yielded a slightly higher crop compared to that of the open field, and the total yield from under the white and blue nets was a little lower, but closer to the total yield obtained from the open field. However, during the 2016 "on season", a highly significant reduction in total yield was obtained from the orchards under all the shading nets when compared to those in the open field. During all the seasons, significantly lower yields were obtained from the orchards under the pearl nets. It is recommended that white, red and blue shade netting be used for avocados. Influence of photo-selective shade nettings to improve fruit quality at harvest and during postharvest storage


Gallium Nitride (GaN) power switches are gaining rapid acceptance due to their high efficiency operation and smaller size compared to traditional Silicon (Si) devices. To date, traditional topologies, such as boost and resonant converters, have been developed with GaN devices, and simplistic power loss models have been employed for loss prediction and thermal management design. However, high accuracy power loss analysis tools for GaN devices are missing in the literature, making thermal management design and efficiency prediction a challenge. With very small footprints and thermal capacity, accurate power loss prediction for GaN is critical and mandatory. This paper proposes a comprehensive method to predict conduction and switching losses in GaN devices. Through the use of thermal measurement, the inaccuracy of traditional electrical measurements for power losses (e.g., double-pulse test) is eliminated and a higher accuracy model is achieved. The proposed model is verified experimentally against a traditional datasheet approach and a SPICE-based double-pulse simulation. With the proposed model, a nearly four-fold reduction in error is observed across a variety of operating conditions. Ultimately, the model allows for confidence in loss prediction, allowing power converter designers to effectively design thermal management systems for maximum power density and efficiency.


The reproductive performance of a small flock of Finnish Landrace ewes in which the adult ewes were exposed to rams twice yearly, in the fall and in the spring, has been evaluated over a period of five consecutive breeding periods. Overall, 33.3% of the ewes conceived at each of the five breeding periods, and 72.2% conceived at least four times. The mean conception-to-conception interval, for all intervals of 8 mo or less, was 189.3 (range 171–237) days, and 42.6% of consecutive conceptions had occurred within 182 days. Of the 172 ewe exposures that were carried out with the adult ewes over the five consecutive breeding periods, 146 conceptions (84.9%) ensued, producing 305 lambs. The mean lambing rate over the five consecutive breeding periods was 1.77 lambs per ewe exposed, equivalent to a mean lambing rate of 3.54 lambs per ewe exposed for a 12-mo period.


We have observed two different field driven precessional propagation modes of a magnetic domain wall in permalloy nanowires using time resolved resistance measurements. The resistance of the nanowire oscillates at the Larmor precession frequency and at its first harmonic, corresponding to periodic transformations of the propagating domain wall between a transverse wall and either one of a vortex or an antivortex wall or both of these.


A new design - fully three dimensional -Positron Camera is presented, made of six MultiWire Proportional Chamber modules arranged to form the lateral surface of a hexagonal prism. A true coincidence rate of 56000 c/s is expected with an equal accidental rate for a 400 iCi activity uniformly distributed in a --3k water phantom. A detailed Monte Carlo program has been used to investigate the dependence of the spatial resolution on the geometrical and physical parameters. A spatial resolution of 4.8 mm FWHM has been obtained for a 18F point-like source in a 10 cm radius water phantom. The main properties of the limited angle reconstruction algorithms are described in relation to the proposed detector geometry.


Single phase zircon type EuCrO4 (S.G. I41/amd) was synthesized and the structure including atomic positions was precisely determined by X-ray Rietveld refinement. The electronic and magnetic properties of the compound were studied based on the electric conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, Raman spectroscopy, Mossbauer spectroscopy, magnetic susceptibility, and specific heat. The CrO43− tetrahedra in EuCrO4 were slightly elongated compared with that in NdCrO4, which caused splitting of the degenerated vibration modes of CrO43−, ν2 and ν3, in the Raman spectra. The 151Eu Mossbauer spectra showed not a trace of the Eu(II) species in the compounds measured in the present work. The Debye temperature, ΘD, estimated from Mossbauer spectra suggested that the vibrational state of Eu(III) in EuCrO4 was similar to that in the perovskite-type EuCrO3. However, the isomer shift of Mossbauer spectra revealed that the electron density of the 6s orbital of Eu(III) in EuCrO4 was very low and almost the same as that in the zi...


Current supercomputers and the impending availability of large scale parallel machines makes possible the study by molecular dynamics of a number of fundamental problems in condensed matter science hitherto beyond our scope because of the enormous computing time involved. This is because a realistic model of such systems contains one or two orders of magnitude more particles than the systems studied to date. Moreover, the intermolecular forces between these particles will usually include contributions from distributions of permanent electric charges, so that the usual assumption of short-ranged forces cannot be made. We give a list of typical problems in this class and attack the problem of improving the performance of molecular dynamics algorithms to take advantage of these new architectures. We use the Jacobi theta function transformation to derive rapidly computable forms for the energy of and forces between large assemblies of N particles interacting in periodic boundary conditions as the sum of real ...


Results of theoretical calculations for a high-pressure electrically excited pulsed CO laser oscillator are presented and compared with experimental data obtained from an E -beam-stabilized device. The assumptions made for the molecular kinetics, plasma kinetics, and radiative characteristics are described and the sensitivity of the calculations to vibration-vibration (VV) cross-relaxation rates and electron distribution is discussed.


A number of efforts are being undertaken to integrate usability engineering and software engineering in the software-development process. The majority of these integration efforts focus on software developers, usability engineers, or defining new processes. In this article, we report on an effort to involve the consumer of software by providing a mechanism, namely the common industry format (CIF), to formally request usability information on the software to be purchased. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Important tasks of the state in today's conditions are the following: incomplete process of democratization of Ukrainian society, searching for the optimal model of interaction of the state with socially vulnerable subjects, in particular those ones who have been exposed to social risk or are in difficult life circumstances, introduction of democratic standards and generally accepted European values, observance of rights, freedoms and guarantees of citizens who have experienced social risk or are in difficult life circumstances. Despite this fact, Ukraine's aspirations to join the European community as a full member are accompanied by the need to adjust national legislation in accordance with the norms of the European society, in particular in terms of observance and effective implementation of human and a citizen's social rights. It is noteworthy that despite the significant development of modern science, there is still no generally accepted understanding of the category of «social rights». Thus, some scholars understand the concept of «social rights» as the ability of a person to realize their capabilities in order to ensure a decent standard of living and employment, as well as the ability to claim from the state certain material benefits [1, p. 40]. At the same time, others understand it as the rights to which a person has a direct right. This is expressed in the possibility of acquiring social benefits, their possessing, using and disposing as well as their protecting or taking certain actions in this area, as well as ensuring adequate social living conditions by guaranteeing and ensuring these rights by the state [2, p. 21].


Purpose

This study aims to focus on three types of team faultlines (separation-based faultlines, variety-based faultlines and disparity-based faultlines) and discuss the different ways through which their configurational properties (faultline strength and faultline distance) affect team performance.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors adopted panel data regression analysis to test the model. Panel data of Chinese provincial party-government top cadres teams that covers 30 provincial areas from 2007 to 2012 were collected for data analyses.

Findings

The results revealed that separation-based faultline strength was negatively related to team performance, variety-based faultline strength had a U-shape relationship with team performance and disparity-based faultline strength had an inversed U-shape relationship with team performance. In addition, separation-based and disparity-based faultline distances served as moderators enhancing the curvilinear relationship between faultline strength and team performance. Notably, variety-based faultline distance failed to exaggerate the U-shape relationship between variety-based faultline strength and team performance; however, the relationship changed based on different levels of variety-based faultline distance.

Originality/value

This study discussed team configurations based on three types of faultlines by comparing differences between team configurations reflected by diversity and faultline strength. Settled in Chinese political context, this study empirically tested the interaction effects between faultline strength and distance on team performance.


In this thesis the heat transfer theory is studied and applied to develop a theoretical model which can be used to estimate exhaust gas temperature of ZEpHyR main engine developed at ZARM institute ...


A new species of the Andean genus Osornophryne is described from the cloud forests of Volcan Sumaco in central Ecuador. This species can be distinguished from all other members of the genus by the combination of its unique ventral coloration, rugose skin, and pustular dorsal ridges. Individuals of two other species of Osornophryne, 0. guacamayo and 0. antisana, were encountered at the same locality. I discuss some aspects of the microhabitat preferences and diets of these toads. Morphometric comparisons and notes on the status of digital reduction in the genus are included.


Social surveys of human response to noise will make a greater contribution to noise abatement policy if the surveys give special attention to selected aspects of three types of study variables: physical noise characteristics, subjective human responses, and nonacoustical neighborhood characteristics. A re‐analysis of several surveys shows that better estimates of the effects of noise characteristics (time of day, ambient levels, noise, and number tradeoff) require that (1) the precision of the noise measurements is specified. (2) sufficient independence of the study variables is insured by the sample design, and (3) the precision of the social survey estimates is increased by better sample and data collection designs. Surveys can provide better information about human response if questionnaires (1) share core annoyance questions between surveys, (2) include more meaningful indicators of human impact, and (3) ascertain public opinion about alternative noise control policies. An analysis of the effect of no...


The business model (BM) concept has been described as an intermediating tool for managing the transition from technology's potential value into market outcomes. Unfortunately, current business modeling methodologies do not meet specific needs of modeling value (co-)creation in digitally transforming ecosystems (DTE). Based on desktop research and empirical findings this paper proposes a Service-oriented Business Modeling (SoBM) framework to advance the development of market solutions in these environments. Adopting a service-dominant logic's (S-D logic) perspective a service-centric, network-oriented, and transcending solution proposal is presented. It has been designed to identify and leverage digital technology's potential value and to improve the conceptualization of value creation and capturing in a digitally connected physical world.


Literary works appear "fools" have been controversial,and at the same time because its function of the complex and opinions differ from each other.Qinqiang and Chen ai luo ding,the two novels in the choice of writers,the fool view coincide with tells a story,so it works successful depicting the fool image,and by using a special Angle to fool bearing the theme of works deep.This paper tries to fool the theme of Angle,This paper tries to from fool the theme of Angle,the expression and value the three aspects of the two works "fool" phenomenon for analysis.


Abstract Disclosure: C.C. Gordner: None. Introduction: Recent studies have demonstrated a progressive decrease in the age of onset of puberty in children. Endocrine disrupters are increasingly being identified as an important contributing factor to this shift in pubertal timing. We present here a case of peripheral precocious puberty in a 7-year-old female after a brief intense exposure to bath bombs. Clinical Case: A healthy pre-pubertal 7-year-old female used daily bath bombs for 7 days. She developed tender Tanner II breast buds the following week with no other pubertal or adrenarchal signs. Growth chart review revealed stable linear growth without growth acceleration. Bone age x-ray was consistent with chronologic age (CA 7y0m, BA 6y10m). LH, ECL, was 0.058 miU/mL (ref: 0.02-0.3), Estradiol, LCMS, was 2.0 pg/mL (ref < 15), DHEA-Sulfate, LCMS, was 45 mcg/dL (ref: 6-7y: < 72). The breast buds started to resolve after 2 months and were completely gone after 3 months from the initial exposure. Clinical Lessons: Endocrine-disrupting chemicals are found in pesticides, plasticizers, lavender, fennel, and tea tree oils and can lead to precocious puberty, delayed puberty, and/or impact sexual differentiation. Consumer products are often not well labeled to identify these chemicals and often use confusing terminology like "all-natural" and "organic" which can be misleading. Conclusions: Bath bombs should now be added to the growing list of consumer products associated with precocious puberty. Leaders should advocate for better labeling of consumer products to help identify potentially harmful products. Presentation: Thursday, June 15, 2023


In spite of the beneficial advent of electronic commerce since the mid-nineties all over the world and the exceptional benefits drawn from it, only a minority of companies are found to use the Internet to sell online. It is believed that such trade is very promising; yet, there are many barriers to its development. It is necessary to uncover the reasons that lie behind the limited number of transactions online and the problems encountered by firms interested in such initiative. The research in hand is an attempt to understand the extent to which business firms are effectively seizing the opportunities given by the electronic commerce. The case of computer equipments is considered. It is believed to be promising as the use of technology per se, which tends to represent a barrier to adoption of information and communication technology, does not constitute a real problem for actual and potential buyers. First, the paper presents the concept of electronic commerce with an attempt to highlight its benefits. Second, specificities of the computer equipment companies' presence online are underlined and the case of IBM, the world leader in information technologies, is briefly exposed. Then, an idea about e-commerce and about sales figures of computer equipment online in the world and in Tunisia are provided. Taking the case of IBM United States and IBM France, the present research aims at revealing to what extent these two companies are doing well in selling computer equipment online in comparison with their Tunisian counterpart. Then, an outline of the business strategy to be adopted by IBM Tunisa in order to foster the sale of such equipment is provided


It seems that the process of the nationalisation of the masses in Spain, which started at the end of the nineteenth century, was not very success-ful. In the first part of this article some of the major commemorations that were organized during the period of the Restauration are analysed in or-der to know more about the causes of this relative failure. The first com-memorations of national heroes were organised primarily as an answer to similar festivities abroad. Only after the humiliating defeat in the Spanish-American War of 1898 mainstream politicians started to become aware of the need to actively stimulate the national feelings of the population. Ho-wever, this awareness did not last. Particularly after 1909 the liberais started to lose their interest in this type of nationalist mobilisation, leaving the field to conservatives and traditionalists. This also became manifest with the third centennial of El Greco in 1914, which is analysed in the second part. Although from the end of the nineteenth century innovative intellec-tuals and artists had converted El Greco into one of their main national heroes, they were almost completely absent during the commemoration. The centennial in fact was dominated by the traditional elites, who used it to encourage the adhesion and admiration of the population to the great achievements of the Spanish nation and the central state.


This report outlines a plan for critical evaluation of fracture related analytical and computational techniques. The plan involves ten to twelve investigators who, by various techniques, "solve" a succession of problems involving elastic and elasto-plastic behavior, followed by residual fields after load removal. Solutions would proceed by analytical, computational and experimental techniques, applied to closely defined problems. The problems represent a sequence of stress concentrations, from none to mild to sharp - as used in fracture testing. The sequence of problems is intended to identify the essential needs for modeling of such problems to produce accurate results. The plan is described in terms of procedure and phasing over a two-year period, and the problems are described in terms of their experimental set-up. Thin-plate, round, and thick-section configurations are included. The report was prepared by a Planning Committee of experts in the field, and a preliminary draft was reviewed by a larger Advisory Group. Comments received during this review process are incorporated into this report. (Author)


Objectives To identify associations between demographic characteristics, anxiety, depression, social support, psychological and physical health in relation to self reported disability following elective spine surgery. Methods Study design: Prospective cohort study. Patients were asked preoperatively to complete a series of questionnaires, including the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), the anxiety sensitivity index (ASI-3), the SF-36, the visual analogue scale for pain (VAS), the Berliner Social Support Scale, the PTSS-10 for PTSD symptoms and indicate demographic variables concerning education or partnership for example. The evaluation was based on the ODI filled out 3 months postoperatively. The univariate and multivariate analysis between risk factors and outcome parameter (ODI) was assessed with correlation coefficients and multivariate logistic regression. Results 144 patients met all inclusion criteria, 54% were male, 46% were female. Regardless of the operation dimension 75% had a lower ODI score at 3 months postoperatively compared with preoperatively and hence had a higher functionality after the operation. Preoperatively high values in age (r=0,153; p = 0,087), pain (VAS) (r=0,287; p = 0,01), trait anxiety(r=0,197; p = 0,027), PTSS (r=0,163; p = 0,069), ODI (r=0,459; p < 0,001) and low levels of social support (BSSS) (r = −0,148; p = 0,099) and education (r = −0,156; p = 0,098) correlated with high levels of ODI postoperatively which identifies all the mentioned variables as potential risk factors. A stepwise logistic regression model showed significant association with age, pain (VAS), state anxiety (STAI-S), and depression symptoms (ADS-K) (p < 0,000). Conclusion Preoperative psychological status is associated with worse clinical outcome following elective spine surgery. A screening instrument allowing the identification of such patients is feasible.


Several authors stress the significance in transitions to adulthood of three focuses: education, employment and political participation. This triple transition aftermath of the famous tripartite division of the life course: preparation for personal life, professional life, and citizenship. In AMC's, the delay in accessing social adulthood suffered by young Arabs consigns them to a liminal space in which they are neither children nor independent autonomous adults. In any case, for young people school-to work-transition is the main and decisive step, which very often shapes their whole life. Nevertheless, following diverse authors, marriage is the final objective to achieve social maturity influencing youth's decision making in AMC's. The findings of this paper emerge from a dialogue between qualitative and quantitative data collected during the period 20152016 in the framework of SAHWA Project. Some questions emerge. What is the capability of Arab youths to decide about the orientation of their trajectories? Which are the factors (cultural, family, socioeconomic, educational, etc.) creating and shaping the expectations of young people about their transition from parental family to a family of their own? How do the changes in the transition to adulthood impact on the emergence of new cultural trends and values among Arab youths? And finally, how do young live the contradiction between current economic exclusion of youth and the cultural requirements to be considering an adult in the region?


We present new empirical evidence that higher customer concentration leads to lower corporate real estate holdings at the supplier firm level. Further evidence shows that this effect is causal and more pronounced when the likelihood/impact of losing primary customers is higher or when suppliers have less bargaining power. Finally, we show that firms with a concentrated customer base tend to choose capitalized leasing in lieu of holding real estate.


The invention relates to a preparation method of the ZSM-5/mordenite compound molecular sieve, mainly solves the complex question which needs to add the seed crystal or subsect the crystallization in the existing compound molecular sieve synthesize process. Through controls the certain silicon aluminum ratio and the pH value in the molecular sieve synthesize process, the invention prepares the compound molecular sieve with the adjustable ZSM-5 and the mordenite proportion, the technical program solves the problem preferably. The molecular sieve which is prepared by the invention can be used in the industrial production of the naphtha catalytic pyrolysis system ethylene propylene.


The workshop brought together leading experts in mathematical statistics, theoretical econometrics and bio-mathematics interested in math- ematical objects occurring in the analysis of partially identified structures. The mathematical core of these ubiquitous structures has an impact on all three research areas and is expected to lead to the development of new algo- rithms for solving such problems.


In Tort Law, it is said that an individual mustrepair the damage he causes.  What is the extention of this maxim? Is this affirmation accurate? What is considered damage for Law? Jean-Sebastien Borghetti answers this and other questions as understood by French Law, seeking to delimit the French system of civil liability. In that sense, through this  article, the author proposes that not all affronts constitute a damage as understood by Law, and that not every damage can be repaired.


Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) has been primarily used in the military domain, and their use has increased tremendously in the last decade. UAS provide several distinct operational capabilities and cost advantages compared to manned aircrafts in most situations. It has long been postulated that use of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) in the civil domain will enable overall improvement in effectiveness of performance in many civil applications currently performed by manned aircrafts and it will provide potential long term cost savings for the UAS operators. UAS would also give rise to whole host of new applications, which have not yet been envisaged. However the civil UAS industry has not yet started due to the restricted access of UAS in segregated areas of the national airspace and inability to routinely access national airspace alongside manned aircrafts. This paper proposes that the integration of UAS in nonsegregated airspace is a complex system-of-systems problem with a level of difficulty well beyond the technical challenges involved in the development, implementation and validation of the system. The routine operation of UAS in national airspace is as much of a political and emotional issue because the aviation regulatory authorities are swayed as much by current political environment and public perception towards the issue. Beyond public concerns, the system design problem is inherently complex. The size and lower costs are two major benefits of UAS. However to design a UAS which has high safety standards and follows same level of equivalence and transparency as manned aircrafts without compromising on two major advantages of UAS, is a big challenge.