W read the publication on "Daily Dengue Severity Score to Assess Severe Manifestations" with a great interest. Tangnararatchakit et al noted that "Daily dengue severity score of ≥12 was an accurate assessment tool for severe manifestations." We would like to share ideas on this report. First, the observed sensitivity and specificity of the dengue severity score are not high. The clinical outcomes also depend on several factors such as quality of patient care. In addition, there is also a possibility of variation in each parameter for scoring that can affect the final score. The validation of score in a larger study is required for conclusion on the acceptability of the scoring system. Finally, the concurrent infection is not uncommon in endemic area of dengue and it is usually under-recognized. In that case, the diagnostic property of scoring system has to be checked. In the present article, it is not possible to verify whether the patient has no concurrent infection.


CADfix is widely used for advanced geometry processing. Among other functions CADfix enables the user to repair and simplify models for the purpose of meshing the geometry, using either meshing tools that are built into CADfix or third-party mesh generators. In addition to an interactive desktop application with a graphical user interface, the core functionalities can be accessed through an API. This enables researchers and developers to build their own applications based on CADfix, as well as modifying and extending the existing core functions to meet specific requirements. In this research note we outline how the CADfix API can be used to create, interrogate and mesh geometry.


The endothelium critically regulates the contractile status of the vascular smooth muscle cells.1 Dysfunction of endothelial cells (ECs) induces the increased expression of adhesion molecules for inflammatory cells.2 Inflammatory cell migration and vascular inflammation generate an oxidizing environment. The accumulating inflammatory cells produce abundant reactive oxygen species (ROS) and secrete inflammatory cytokines/chemokines and growth factors that contribute to EC dysfunction and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation.3 Therefore, oxidants were once principally considered agents of vascular injury and disease, and numerous studies have corroborated this role for ROS. However, this has become an outdated theory considering recent evidence suggesting that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) also serves as an important signaling molecule in the vascular system when found at low concentrations.4 At low concentrations, H2O2 can act as a second messenger, transducing the oxidative signal into a biological response through post-translational protein modification. These structural changes ultimately lead to altered cellular function.

See accompanying article on page 81

Oxygen derivatives, including superoxide (O2−), H2O2, and hydroxyl radical (OH), are called ROS. Strictly controlled ROS formation mediates the physiological functions of the vasculature. Therefore, ROS contribute to vascular protection as well as vascular diseases. Vascular ECs themselves produce small amounts of O2− and H2O …


We propose that the scatter in line width versus luminosity of the BLR of AGN arises from a dependence on the line of sight to an axially symmetric BLR. Adopting a simple model for the line width as a function of luminosity and angle, and convolving this with the observed luminosity function, allows us to predict a line width distribution consistent with the available data. Furthermore, we use the relation between the equivalent width of a line and the luminosity in the continuum to predict an observed correlation between line width and equivalent width. The scatter on this correlation is again provided by angular dependence. We also show a viewing angle dependence can produce the X-ray spectral index distribution. The results have applications as diagnostics of models of the broad line region and in cosmology.


This book illustrates and critically analyzes the potential of blogging to encourage different ways of communicating, interacting, learning and thinking in science and mathematics educationpossibly the most unlikely school contexts one may think could be affected by new literacies. Grounded in empirical data of teachers and students using blogging in a variety of contexts, the book examines which specific uses of blogging can be most conducive to transforming science and mathematics classrooms into places that are more equtiable and justplaces invite and nurture new, more social and authentic, forms of participation for all members (students, teachers and significant others). We refer to this more equitable and authentic engagement in math and science education as reform-based practices.


Objective To investigate intake levels of trans fatty acid( TFA)-containing food. Methods Districts of Yuexiu,Liwan,Huangpu,Baiyun,Panyu,Huadu,and Nansha in Guangzhou were chosen by multi-stage random sampling method and considering differences in the level of regional development. Six resident committees were systematically sampled in each district. Forty households were randomly chosen in each committee. All family members aged 3 years and over were investigated. The self-designed questionnaire covered the basic situation of households,basic personal situation and the consumption frequency of TFA-containing food in the past three months. The basic situation of households included family income,number of household members,ethnic,etc. The basic personal situation included age,gender, occupation,and so on. The data were analyzed using a descriptive epidemiologic method. Results A total of 5 244 residents aged 3 years and over were investigated,of whom 2 565 were male and 2 679 were female,and the ratio of male to female was 1∶ 0. 96. The number( percentage) in the groups aged 3 to 6,7 to 12,13 to 17,18 to 49,and≥50 years were 931( 17. 8%),1 064( 20. 3%),1 063( 20. 3%), 1 797( 34. 2%),and 389( 7. 4%),respectively. Their education level was mainly middle school or higher,accounting for 60. 1%( 3 152 /5 244) of the total population. Percentages of average monthly household income in 2011 at 3 000,3 000-,5 000and ≥8 000 Yuan were 22. 5%( 1 178 /5 244), 22. 0%( 1 148 /5 244),19. 9%( 1 043 /5 244),and 32. 5%( 1 704 /5 244),respectively. Foods containing much more TFA were milk,hydrogenated vegetable oil,bread,pastries,frozen drinks,fresh meat and products,and fried food,and the consumed contents were 141. 18,25. 55,25. 34,19. 43,19. 33, 19. 09,and 17. 18 g / d,respectively. The average intake levels of milk,bread,pastries,puffed food, fried food,quick-frozen food,frozen drinks,solid beverage,and chocolate candies between different aged groups were significantly different( all P 0. 05 or P 0. 01),of which average intake levels in groups aged 712 and 1317 years were higher than other age groups. Average intake levels of milk,bread, pastries,fried food,quick-frozen food,frozen drinks,solid beverage,chocolate,and candies between different family income groups were significantly different( all P 0. 05 or P 0. 01),of which the average intake levels in ≥8 000 Yuan group were higher than other groups. Conclusion School-age children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 years in Guangzhou had higher intake levels of TFA-containing food. It is necessary to carry out further research in this population,to lay a foundation for the following risk assessment.


Several capsinoid homologues(3a~3h) with various acyl chain lengths(C2~C18) were synthesized by lipase-catalysis in acetone(100 mL) using Novozyme 435 as the catalyst.The structures were confirmed by UV,1H NMR,13C NMR,IR and MS.The optimal reaction conditions in yield of 18%~93% at 30 ℃ for 10 h were as follows: vanillyl alcohol was 5 mmol;n(vanillyl alcohol) ∶n(methyl nonanate) was 50 ∶75;lipase was 1 g;ratation speed of shaker was 200 r·min-1.The bioactivities of 3c were tested by High Throughput Screening and the results showed that 3c exhibited bioactivity as PPARγ(peroxidase ceptor) agonist.


Abstract Racial/ethnic disparities have been well documented in long-term care literature. Culture change is a movement to transition nursing homes to more home-like environments to improve the quality of care for all residents. The purpose of this study was to examine how the involvement of culture change initiatives among high Medicaid facilities was associated with nursing home quality. The study relied on both survey and secondary nursing home data for the years 2017-2018. The sample included high Medicaid facilities. The final model consisted of an ordinal logistic regression. High-Medicaid nursing homes with six or more years in culture change initiatives had higher odds of having a higher star rating, while facilities with one year or less had significantly lower odds of having a higher star rating. Culture change initiatives may require some time to effectively implement, but these initiatives are potential mechanisms to improve quality in high Medicaid nursing homes.


Education was a part of the learning process, the wrong learning process can cause students' learning outcomes become less maximal, one effort in improving students' learning outcomes was by using the model of learning. Examples are Time Token, Picture Puzzle and Index Card Match. The purpose of this study was to determine the comparison of student learning outcomes by using Time Token and Picture Puzzle learning models with Time Token and Index Card Match. The method in this research is Quasi Eksperimental method. Data collection techniques used in the form of giving a test of multiple choice questions. The result of this research is the learning model of time token model and Picture puzzle of the preliminary test score 31,72 and the final test is 88,78 and the t value in paired data t test is 34,69. While in the class of time token learning model and index card match has a preliminary test score of 20.28 and the final test of 81.40 and the value of t on the t test of pairwise data 46.69 while the t value in the t test of unpaired data is 4.11. So it can be concluded that there is comparison of learning outcomes between time token learning model and picture puzzle with time token and index card match.


Text analysis consists of linguistic analysis, which involves in terms of grammar, vocabulary and cohesion. Textual analysis is a process for researchers to gather information about how other human beings make sense of the world. Textual analysis comes from the work of researchers, theorists known as the French structuralists in the 1960s particularly the work of Roland Barthes (1915-1980). Media discourse is an interaction platform where the discourse is introduced to a listener; viewer or non-present reader either in spoken or written form. Written or spoken discourse is oriented to the readership or listing/viewing audience respectively (O Keeffe,2011). CDA describes the relationship between the language text, its meaning and the society focusing on the use of text types to show the particular meanings and relate the events.  But in this analysis we will analyze the text types and linguistic formal structure in the newspapers language. Editorials especially focus on the issues of national politics, political leaders, policy makers and the decision taken by leading politicians. This paper will analyze the newspapers "The Nation" of May and September. In this paper, we will analyze (i) the text types used in media discourse (open and close text) and (ii) the linguistic formal structure of media discourse.  In the linguistic formal structure  we will  analyze 'Modality', 'Lexicalization', 'Direct and indirect discourse', 'sentence links', 'pronouns',  and  'idioms'. The Fairclough analytical framework will be followed to analyze the text of newspapers. According to Fairclough's framework of "communicative events" which can be categorized into three elements: text, discourse practice and sociocultural practice (Fairclough, 1995: 57). The sampled editorials May and September of "The Nation" will be analyzed to  explore  the answers of the above two research questions. Keywords: Textual Analysis, Media discourse, linguistic formal structure.


A method and system for fault management in virtual computing environments are provided. The system includes: a monitor of fault events from virtual machines and host devices in a virtual computing environment and a monitor of situation events in the virtual computing environment wherein the situation events refer to a virtual machine name and a host device name. A universal faults component determines if a fault event affects both virtual machines and host devices and a correlating component for correlating fault events relating to virtual machines and host devices as relating to the same problem. Host machine fault events correlated to a problem are marked as a root event and virtual machine fault events correlated to a problem are marked as symptoms with a link to the root event.


User authentication is an essential step in information security. Textual passwords are the most traditional ways used in most user authentication systems to achieve the security of information, but textual passwords are vulnerable to many types of attacks such as: dictionary attacks, shoulder surfing, and spyware. Graphical password can overcome the shortcomings of the textual passwords, but it still vulnerable to shouldersurfing attacks, takes much space in the system and sometimes user takes a long time to enter. By using Emoji-pictures, a new technique that overcomes the drawbacks of both textual and graphical passwords was presented in this paper. The proposed technique is resistant to dictionary attacks, shoulder surfing, and spyware in addition to that it doesn't take large space in the system's database and provides a safe and enjoyable session for users during entering the password.


In this study, the effect of Uppercott was investigated in parents and first generation offspring of albino Wistar rats. The rats were distributed into ten groups of nine (9) rats each, five groups each for male and female rats respectively. Groups 1 & 2 were taken as normal and oil control respectively for both male and female rats, groups three (3) to five (5) were given 2.5%, 5% and 7.5% of LD50 Uppercott value for 28 days. The rats were then mated in the ratio of 2:3 (2 male rats to 3 female rats) until pregnancy was established. Result indicated that Uppercott exposure produced a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the testosterone & progesterone levels in male and female rats respectively, and an increase in estradiol levels in female rats exposed to the pesticide, as compared to their controls. Furthermore, the anthropometric indices showed varying results from the treated groups as compared with the control. These results indicated that exposure to Uppercott may be implicated in reproductive toxicity in rats.


This paper presents the findings of a Master's Dissertation titled 'the gaps model of service quality: marketing of archival reference services of Botswana national archives and records services' which was carried out to evaluate marketing of archival reference services at Botswana National Archives and Records Services (BNARS). A survey research method was used to exploit the objectives of the study. In order to enhance validity of the findings of the study, a triangulation data collection technique of questionnaires, interviews, observations, and documentary research methods were used to collect data. The study has revealed that BNARS personnel failed to distinguish between marketing and promotion, which resulted in ineffective promotional / communication strategies. Some suggestions have been made to overcome this problem, including the need for BNARS to take its officers to regional (ESARBICA) and international (ICA) professional seminars and conferences.


To the Editor:

Some recent Letters to the Editor (eg, "Functional Capacity Evaluation" by Fishbain1 in the January 2000 issue) concern measurements of functional capacity and the lack of validity for these measurements. I suggest considering what I believe is a vocational rehabilitation perspective to the problem. That …


Parenting children of opposite genders is a powerful motive for parents to seek "sex-selection" services. Medical beneficence and patient autonomy support making these services available. Our goals in this study included data to permit proper patient education, assess outcome, and evaluation of potential biases in this technology. IVF/PGD cases from August 2004 to December 2009 were studied (n = 122). FISH was used to analyze nuclear DNA of biopsied embryos. The variables analyzed were patient age, Day 3 Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH), the number of fertilized embryos, the number of embryos biopsied, Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) results, the number of embryos transferred, and the fate of remaining embryos. Female embryos were sought in 84 cycles, and male embryos desired in 38 cycles. Couples seeking female offspring had a reduced likelihood of a female-only transfer vs. those seeking males (p < 0.001). No transfer was performed in 32 cases for lack of normal embryos of desired gender. Clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transfer was 30.4%. PGD success rates for gender variety were lower than expected comparative to traditional IVF. In this report we present our clinical experience with IVF/PGD for gender selection. We attempt to analyze which patients seek this specialized treatment and to provide direct clinical and laboratory outcome data from our completed cycles.


The finite element method based on fluid-structure interaction is used to systematically study the inertial migration of polymer vesicles in microtubule flow with a two-dimensional model, and we analyze the mechanism of the vesicles deformed by the fluid and the inertial migration phenomena. Studies have shown that with the increase in Reynolds number, the equilibrium position of vesicle inertial migration is farther and farther from its initial position; with the increase in blocking ratio, the equilibrium position of vesicle inertial migration is closer to the wall surface. For the modulus and viscosity of the vesicle membrane, and for the membrane thickness, the results show that the modulus and viscosity determine the degree of deformation of the vesicle, and the modulus has little effect on the equilibrium position of the vesicle, but increasing the viscosity and membrane thickness will promote the equilibrium position of the vesicle to be biased toward the center of the tube. This study helps to further clarify the deformation and equilibrium position of vesicles during inertial migration, and provides a reliable computational basis for the application of vesicles in drug transport, chemical reactions and physiological processes.


Although hospitals with low nurse staffing levels tend to have higher rates of poor patient outcomes, increasing staffing levels is not easy. Major factors contributing to lower staffing levels include the needs of today's higher acuity patients for more care and a nationwide gap between the number of available positions and the number of registered nurses (RNs) qualified and willing to fill them. This is evident from an average vacancy rate of 13 percent.


Elasticity modulus is an important material property which affects the precision cold-forming.In the extrusion simulation and engineering application,elasticity modulus is considered as constant.But in fact,elasticity modulus continually changes as plastic deformation increases.Therefore,it makes great effect on which the precision of the cold-forming under 0.05mm.Through calculation and analysis of the precision of slippery footstep,the paper confirms the influence of the elasticity modulus loss rate,redesigns the mould,has succeeded in solving the high-precision problem of slippery footstep.


The zooming movement of zoom optical lens is qualitatively analyzed according to operating principle of telescope. The movement equation for the lens moving lens set is derived according to the object-image relationship of the ideal optical system. The experimental setup controlled by the continuous zoom consists of a step motor, motor actuator and a control platform, and the control program is compiled with Visual C++. The experiments show that the method can be convenient to realize zooming control of the continuous zoom optical lens.


Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) is used to assist paralyzed patients in restoring their ability to move due to damage to the central nervous system, spinal cord injury or stroke. FES delivers electrical pulses to nerve or muscle tissue to activate the muscles to move. The human musculoskeletal system has different responses between subjects and changes in muscle characteristics from time to time during electrical stimulation. Fuzzy controller is used to overcome the problem of nonlinearity of the muscle system. The purpose of this study is to restore the ability to knee joint extension movement using FES. The results show that achieving the target extension angle can be achieved and is able to cope with different subject responses


Internet applications must be integrated into the value chain of a business in a comprehensive manner. Thus, in order to be successful, companies participating in ecommerce should align their internal process in accordance with their business model presented by their web site, all the way through the value chain. In this regard, the current paper proposed a framework for web presence readiness with three consumer activities and utilities customers may focus on to embrace the major concerns of customers' in online purchasing context. This paper examined the proposed model with the data collected from very popular companies for customer ratings. Post payment support quality is found to be the most important determinant of customers' positive evaluation on e-business websites. Based on the empirical results, the current study proposes an alternate model of web presence readiness. The proposed model may provide useful implications for the practitioners and managers of companies who are involved in web-based e-commerce. The implications and future research directions are discussed.


Renal artery aneurysm (RAA) is an infrequent entity. Most of them are asymptomatic, but when they present as a rupture a high mortality is associated. Due to the potential risks of rupture and renal dysfunction and some persistent symptoms like hypertension, RAAs must be treated if feasible. Coil embolization or covered stent placement can now be used to treat patients with aneurysms whose size or location would make a surgical approach problematic and patients in whom surgery is considered to pose considerable risk. However, many aneurysms in renal artery branches are not suitable for this management and nowadays surgical repair remains an important approach.


The European Union's new Foreign Subsidies Regulation will lead to particular challenges in the tax domain. While the final version of the FSR now contains clear links to State aid, the differences are all the more noticeable. Third country tax measures that benefit group financing or equity financing warrant special attention. Repayment of foreign tax incentives to the European Commission, as a last resort measure, might come at odds with taxing prerogatives as divided under existing bilateral tax treaties. Compliance with notification obligations when engaging in public procurement or planning a merger with or acquisition of an entity active in the EU will be hardly doable. Unlike EU State aid rules (and WTO subsidy rules), notification may also involve non-selective and non-beneficial tax measures received within a group. If these have come into the FSR's scope by intent and not by omission, then this is to be strongly reconsidered. Sustainability tax incentives aimed at greening investment have not been exempt from scrutiny. Thus, EU subsidiaries of third country parent companies and EU parents of third country subsidiaries should gather more information for the purpose of this regulation than one might expect at first sight.


The study is devoted to the problem of preliminary assessment of hard spring wheat varieties taking into consideration their adaptability to different methods of basic soil cultivation. It has been established that such varieties as Pamyati Chekhovicha and Bezenchukskaya 205 are characterised by high reaction to the environment (regression coefficient from 0,73 to 3,79) and high or average level of yield sustainability (coefficient from 0,02 to 0,61).


Abstract A beam blank is ideal for H-beam production, but there are more defects in/on beam blanks than other common blanks. The study of the H-beam blank quality assurance system has great significance for production to determine the key factors causing defects and optimise the casting process parameters. Experimental analysis and numerical simulation, based on an actual production process, were used as research methods. The former was used to test and analyse the cracks, inclusions, and the flux in the mould to determine the preliminary factors causing defects in a beam blank. The latter was used to simulate the flow and temperature fields and the movement of inclusions to determine the key factor leading to defects and to optimize the casting process parameters. Online implementation of the recommendations of this project was developed, which proved that it is very useful and efficient to control surface cracks on the web and enhance cleanliness of an H-beam blank.


In this paper the SHARON process developed by C. Hellinga of the Netherlands in 1997 is briefly described with emphasis on the principle of nitrogen removal of the process in comparison with the traditional nitrification denitrification. Factors affecting N NO 2 accumulation and N removal are discussed.


Anti-theft system for a vehicle comprising a parking position determining device (S100, S610, S710) for determining the current parking position of the vehicle; a user position determining device (S101, S214, S614, S714) for determining the current location of a user of the vehicle; a distance calculation means (S102, S618, S718) for calculating the distance between the actual parking position of the vehicle and the current location of the vehicle user, and a Sicherheitsniveaueinstellmittel (S104, S107, S110, S113, S115, S306, S309, S312, S315, S318, S619, S719) for setting a security level of the anti-theft system on the basis of the distance between the current vehicle position and the current location of the vehicle user.


This paper seeks to determine the usefulness of data mining tools to SMEs in developing customer relationship management (CRM) in the fashion retail sector. Kalakota & Robinson's (1999, p.114) model of 'The Three Phases of CRM' acts as a basis to explore the use of data mining software. This paper reviews the nature and type of data that is available for collection and its relevance to CRM; providing an advisory framework for practitioners for them to examine the scope and limitations of using data analysis to improve CRM. The data mining tool examined was Google Analytics (GA); an online freeware tool that enables businesses to understand how people find their site, how they navigate through it, and, ultimately, how they do or don't become customers of it (Google Analytics, 2009). Establishing these relationships should lead to retailer development of enhanced web site aesthetics and functionality to coincide with consumer expectations. The paper finds that the competitive nature and homogeneity of the fashion retail sector requires retailers to improve the 'reach, richness and affiliation' (Hackney et al) of their sites by using technology to explore CRM.


The Immediate management of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) entails accurate and prompt diagnosis of AMI based on history. ECG and cardiac enzymes quick assessment and early referral to coronary care unit (CCU) for monitoring and definitive treatment. Management inlcudes general measure and pharmacotherapy. Effort has been made to describe various strategies and drugs under the headings of rationale and evidence, indications, protocol and dosage and pecaution.


This article discusses the great significance of the personalized feedback in studying the campus network,and study the personalized feedback method,and analyzes the personalized campus network,and improves the quality of learning the basic methods and campus networks to improve the quality of learning of the implementation technology.


Charcoal is recorded from late Cretaceous sediments of Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta, Canada and represents the first documented observations of charcoal at this locality despite over one hundred years of research. Abundant charcoal deposits have been recorded throughout the 1.7 million year sediment sequence indicating multiple fire events within this locality. Fire appears to be a major influencing factor within this Cretaceous ecosystem and may have affected the life of the inhabiting dinosaurs. The occurrence of charcoal allows reconstruction of the burned vegetation at multiple locations within Dinosaur Provincial Park. The charcoal assemblage is comprised of gymnosperm wood only, which may be a reasonable representation of the local vegetation; however it could be the result of a taphonomic bias. The absence of additional plant types within the charcoal assemblage may also be due to certain species being preferentially burnt owing to a more fire prone nature.


The relationships of moisture stresses and consequent effective stress components in unsaturated soils are examined on the basis of a capillary model. The validity of such a model for this purpose is demonstrated. Effective stresses due to suctions in the pore water are shown to be dependent jointly on the pressure deficiency in the pore water and the degree of pore space saturation. An approximate method of computation of such effective stresses is outlined. A simple series of relationships is proposed between a decrease of applied stress, and a consequent increase of pressure deficiency in the pore water, with a resultant change in effective stress.


Case method teaching is a common teaching method, and the construction of teaching case base is its important foundation. Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is one of the important courses for the students majoring in environment engineering. Compiling excellent EIA cases is very important to cultivate innovative engineering and scientific talents. The main problems existing in the current case database was analyzed and specific methods and suggestions were put forward.


The objective of this research was to analyze the role of male gafftopsail catfish, Bagre marinus , in the reproductive process. Twelve monthly samples of ma...


Objective:To study the relationship of gene polymorphism of Apolipoprotein E(ApoE) with coronary heart disease(CHD) and atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (ACI).Methods:The ApoE genotypes of 63 CHD patients, 40 ACI patients and 90 cases of unrelated normal Chinese were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)combining silver staining.Results:The frequencies of e 4 allele in CHD and ACI patients were significantly higher than that in the control group(P0.05,P0.01 respectively),while frequencies of e 3 allele were lower(P0.05,P0.01 respectively).There is no difference of the frequencies of e 3 and e 4 allele uin CHD group and ACI group.Conclusion:ApoE e 4 allele is probably the genetic marker of ACI and CHD, while e 3 allele is a protective factor.


We review a marketing reality borne of the digital era, collaborative consumption, in which individuals actively engage in the production of service offerings for the benefit of others. This phenomenon is rapidly gaining momentum with the advent of new technology and firms that seek to develop profitable business models by leveraging their Web platforms to engender trust among strangers and facilitate transactions among consumers. As a result, collaborative consumption has helped push traditional consumption communities from localized marketplaces with limited economic activity to collaborative global communities with important economic, environmental, and social effects.


INDIAN PEDIATRICS 846 VOLUME 42__AUGUST 17, 2005 inotropic drugs are used as soon as intravascular volume is restored. Many of our patients did receive inotropes. It should however, be appreciated that after completion of initial resuscitation the fluid leak from intravascular compartment to interstitial space ('third-space loss') does not stop immediately. Moreover, a significant proportion of administered fluid continues to move out of intravascular space. It has been shown that only about 20% of administered saline stays in intravascular compartment by the end of two hours(4). The capillary leak may take several hours, sometime days, before it is reversed. In such patients, therefore, the continuing management of intravascular volume requires replacement of ongoing' 'third space loss'. Usually, this is achieved by administration of maintenance fluids at a higher infusion rate but some patients


The aim of this study is to determine views of the teachers regarding to the organizational climate in primary school who are currently employed in primary schools. The scanning model research was applied to 305 teachers who work at primary school in Van city centrum. The research data were obtained with Organizational Climate Scale at School which was formed by researchers via adapting the Organizational Climate Scale's to primary schools that was developed by Bilir (2005). The research findings were presented, discussed in sub-dimensions and necessary proposals have been made. In this study, it was concluded that teachers have medium-level perception towards school climate in primary schools.


One of the basic principles of energy efficient buildings in
accordance with sustainable development is perfectly airtight
building envelope. Oversized heat losses through the building
envelope leakage adversely affects the energy balance of
buildings. The quality of airtight building envelope except for
low energy consumption also minimizes the risk of damage to the
structure associated with the spread of the heat and water
vapor in the structure. The contribution provides diagnostic of
the contemporary development in airtightness of buildings using
by qualitative methods. The aim of contribution is to draw
conclusions - dependences, definitions of weak and strong
points of the process, their causes and consequences. It is
necessary to pay attention to the determinative factors in
whole process of building of airtightness. Carefully and
thoroughly conducted analysis provides information and
recommendations for improving the quality and limitations of
errors.


Discovering regularities in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula has been a hot topic in assisting TCM clinical treatment and poly-pharmacology research. Several machine learning methods, like topic model, auto-encoder, and GNNs, have been proposed for discovering regularities in TCM. However, they are often limited by specific data challenges (e.g., complex relations with rich TCM knowledge, sparsity and ambiguity, expensive data labeling, etc.) in TCM formulae. Addressing these challenges, we first establish a TCM Attributed Heterogeneous Information Network (TAHIN) for modeling massive formulae, which can assemble various types of additional information and capture their relations. Based on the TAHIN, we further propose a novel hybrid-scales graph contrastive learning framework to learn high-quality node representations in a whole unsupervised manner which can be helpful for various tasks of discovering regularities such as herb classification and herb similarity search, etc. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and interpretability of our method. Our source code and datasets are available at https://github.com/Yonggie/ HsCTRD.


The goals of achievement set forth in the "MLA Qualifications for Secondary School Teachers of Modern Languages" include the ability to approximate native speech in pronunciation and intonation. It is no secret in our profession that this superior goal is not reached by a great many teacher candidates. We have made, however, significant progress. This is due to the audio-lingual substructure, and due also to a number of helpful contributions by phoneticians, applied linguists, and methodologists. But even if, for example, in the field of German, William G. Moulton's contrastive study, The Sounds of English and German, were in the hands of all teacher trainees, it couldn't possibly provide solutions to all the problems. For in spite of its relative completeness for the student of German, it has its limitations. These limitations lie in the approach, and they are similar to other limitations of applied linguistics in language learning. The teaching and learning of pronunciation and intonation-as part of general voice culture-is a complex field, too difficult a terrain to be surveyed and cultivated by linguists and phoneticians alone. By this I mean that the field includes a strip not marked by linguistic or phonetic road signs, an uncharted area where foreign languages and speech and theatre overlap. For some strange reason there are practically no pedagogical ties between the professionals of these two arts, as if the fact that their languages are somewhat different would bar them from communicating with each other. We know that successful language teaching is not an entirely independent and selfcontained art. On the contrary, it draws knowledge, skill, and strength from many a field. Should speech and theatre, of all our helpful neighbors, be the exception? By what standards of interdisciplinary logic could it be justified not to seek collaboration from a discipline whose very essence is the effectiveness and the beauty of voice and speech? Isn't that one of our concerns too?


Agricultural policy analysis for transition to a market-oriented economy in Viet Nam :selected issues , Agricultural policy analysis for transition to a market-oriented economy in Viet Nam :selected issue... , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی


The focus of this study is the analysis of the comical elements in selected theatre plays by Federico Garcia Lorca. There is a detail description of the writer's life and work in the beginning of the thesis. The three plays that I have selected for the analysis are: Amor de don Perlimplin, La zapatera prodigiosa and Los titeres de cachiporra. The work is based on results of theoretical studies of different authors, especially Vladimir Borecký, Henri Bergson and Ivana Gejgusova. For the profound analysis the most important was the comicality of the sitution and of the characters as far as this comical elements abound in Lorca's stage plays


Polygonal "cracks" are common in the Coconino Sandstone in Arizona. They have been called desiccation cracks, but several features indicate they are not desiccation cracks. They were never open cracks, but are merely linear depressions, linked to form polygons. They occur only on bounding surfaces, containing almost no clay, and the cracks extend 10 to 15 cm above and below the bounding surfaces. The polygonal patterns continue down from one sandstone lamina to another, for several centimeters. They are persistently continuous across all surfaces within their 20–30 cm vertical range, from the bottomset beds, onto the bounding surface, and continuing into individual cross-beds below the bounding surface. The cracks occur at the Grand Canyon, and are especially numerous and visible in flagstone quarries in the Seligman and Ash Fork area. They occur on some bounding surfaces but not on others, and in some quarries but not in others. The polygonal cracks have been mentioned in passing, but this is the first reported research on these cracks in the Coconino Sandstone. Polygonal cracks have been reported in the Navajo, Page, and Entrada Sandstones, but there are significant differences between these and the Coconino Sandstone cracks, which may indicate differences in their origin.


Leptin is a hormone secreted from adipose tissue, proved to be related to inflammatory, hemostatic, and metabolic factors, and thought to be involved in the development of hypertension. We aim to evaluate serum leptin levels and lipid profile in males with elevated blood pressure to be compared with healthy controls males of matched body mass index (BMI) and age. The present study were included 50 subject, 24 healthy controls males whose BMI (Mean±SD 27.6±4.9) as control group and 26 hypertensive males with essential hypertension whose BMI (Mean±SD 28.3±3.4), those two groups were aged and BMI matched Fasting serum leptin level, triglyceride (TG), total serum cholesterol, high density lipoprotein(HDL) and low density lipoprotein(LDL) were measured. Leptin was found to be significantly higher in the hypertensive males (group2) when compared with the control group (group1) (21.5±2.3ng/ml against 14.3±1.4 ng/ml, respectively; p0.03), while a very high significant difference in triglyceride, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p 0.0001) and a significant difference in cholesterol was (p 0.01), LDL was (p0.01) and HDLwas (p0.05). The present study concluded that male patients with elevated blood pressure had significantly higher serum leptin level compared with healthy subjects of a same BMI. More over patients with hypertension had an unfavorable lipid profile.


moiety, the open-ring conjugated ketene photoproducts can be stabilized only in solid, low-temperature inert matrices. 4] The intense, characteristic infrared band due to the antisymmetric stretching vibration of the C=C=O group, appearing in the 2140–2130 cm 1 spectral region, facilitates the identification of ketene photoproducts. Open-ring conjugated ketenes are usually presented as structures shown in Scheme 1. However, it is improbable that such isomers of conjugated ketenes could be stabilized under any conditions. It was recently demonstrated that these forms revert barrierlessly to stable, closed-ring structures. The detailed structural analysis carried out for the conjugated aldehyde–ketene generated upon UV irradiation of a-pyrone strongly suggests that the isomers, which are stabilized in a matrix, must adopt a conformation with at least one of the groups rotated around a single or double bond of the openchain structure. Contrarily to the carbonyl compounds, the photochemical cleavage of an a-bond is believed not to occur for thiocarbonyl compounds, though Pirkle et al. reported pyranthiones that underwent thermal rearrangements (similar to that depicted on Scheme 1) during pyrolysis at elevated temperatures. The known exceptional cases of photochemical a-cleavage concern only the species with C=S groups directly attached to small (threeor four-membered), strained rings. Herein, we report the experimental observation of the photochemical ring opening, by cleavage of the C O a-bond in pyran-2-thione (Scheme 2). In this compound the thiocarbonyl group is attached to a relaxed, six-membered ring.


Purpose – A pressing issue with mobile applications (apps) is continued use. The expectancy disconfirmation theory is employed as the theoretical basis for most studies on continuance. Recognising the experiential aspects of using mobile apps, the purpose of this paper is to extend the existing disconfirmation model to account for the emotional experiences and their influences on continuance. In particular, the authors are interested in the factors that drive the experience of emotions, and how these cognitive drivers differ in shaping distinct emotional experiences (i.e. positive vs negative). Design/methodology/approach – Structural equation modelling was applied on 271 valid responses collected from an online survey conducted among mobile app users. Findings – Disconfirmation affects emotions in a non-linear fashion through arousal, and both positive and negative emotions influence continuance intention. Furthermore, positive emotions tend to be influenced by inherent benefits, whereas negative emotion...


Etanercept is a new treatment for moderate to severe psoriasis. In contrast to traditional systemic agents, which can be given orally, etanercept is given by subcutaneous injection. Patient selection, transitioning, dosing, safety, monitoring, duration of therapy, and patient support programs are reviewed.


Type of content displayed in the document, and the size / dimensions of the document to be displayed is given, the architecture used to create high-quality documents that are a good looking documentation. This architecture, content can be used high-level template broadly defined layout constraints to accommodate multiple sizes and dimensions with various contents of a wide variety of formats. Furthermore, a high level description of the high-quality documents, can be converted into constraints of low level for use in AGDBL system, the number of templates required by that system are dramatically reduced, at the same time the template functionality, and ease to improvements can be made to maintain the template.


Hypertension is a chronic condition, which leads to serious complications like cardiovascular diseases and stroke. Objective: The main objective of this study was to assess the risk factors and med adherence for hypertensive patients in rural tertiary care teaching hospital by using risk assessment form and morisky medication adherence questionnaire form respectively. Methods: These forms contains closed ended questionnaires. It is a prospective observational study conducted over a period of six months. Results: In this study 278 subjects consisting of 150(54%) men and 128(46%) women had hypertension. In this study Age, gender, BMI, Family history, Smoking and Alcoholic were observed for risk factor assessment and morisky medication adherence scale is used to assess adherence of the patient towards medication. In hypertension patients, age is a major risk factor, in which more number of patients of age 51-60 years were 76(27.%) found. Commonly seen risk factors were age, gender, BMI, and family history. More no of patients were highly adherent to their medication i.e 55%. Conclusion: By this study we concluded that more number of male hypertension patients were exposed to risk factors than female and more patients are highly adherent to their medication.


[60871-84-3] C2F6NiO6S2 (MW 356.83)

1S/2CHF3O3S.Ni/c2*2-1(3,4)8(5,6)7;/h2*(H,5,6,7);/q;;+2/p-2

InChIKey = KVRSDIJOUNNFMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L

The application of commercially available nickel triflate (CAS: 60871-84-3) was summarized. This metal salt acts well in functionalization of CH bonds, including C(sp2)–H bonds and C(sp3)–H bonds. It can also be used in synthesis of tetrazines and decarboxylative Mannich reaction. What's more, the complexes of Ni(OTf)2 with chiral N,N′-dioxides can promote various enantioselective reactions.

(use as a Lewis acid catalyst, as a catalyst in CH bond functionalization and asymmetric transformations)

Alternate Names: nickel triflate; trifluoromethanesulfonic acid nickel(II) salt.

Physical Data: mp 100–106 °C.

Form Supplied in: pale green solid; commercially available.

Preparative Method: Nickel carbonate is reacted in presence of excess CF3SO3H. Following reaction, the reaction mixture is filtered, concentrated by heating in a water bath, and cooled. The nickel salt is separated via centrifugation and dried at a temperature below 100 °C. Further drying at 100 °C for 8 h under reduced pressure gives Ni(OTf)2.

Handling, Storage, and Precautions: irritating to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye, and face protection. Moisture sensitive. Handle and store under inert gas in a dry and well-ventilated place.


Today, model based simulation is a popular scheme for simulating real world events. There has been some effort to use the same models that have been developed for simulation purposes for control applications. This approach permits model reuse and reliability for critical embedded control applications. In this paper a simulation model of an autonomous robot has been used to control a simulated reconnaissance vehicle on battle field. Since it is very costly to construct a real battle field situation and to verify the performance of military devices, model continuity from simulation to embedded control is a cost-effective and easy process for developing military applications. We have used DEVS (Discrete EVent System specification) formalism to define the robotic vehicle model and conducted variety of tests by simulation variety of scenarios. The final model has been embedded on a tank shaped robot.


This study seeks to provide new insights into the relationship between a firm`s business model innovation (BMI) intensity and its financial performance over time. By adopting an institutional persp...


Objective:To investigate the infectious state of Micrococcus gonorrhoeae(MG),ureaplasma urealyticum(UU) and Chlamydiae trachomatis (CT) in female lower genital tract,and to provide diagnostic and therapeutic evidences for clinician. Methods:589 female patients primarily diagnosed as gential tract infection(experimental group) and 305 healthy female underwent medical examination(control group) were given routine vaginal secretions examination(candida albicans,infusorium included ),fluorescent quantitation PCR were employed to detect MG,UU and CT. Results:The positive rates of UU and CT (61.8%、23.1%) were significantly higher in experimental group than that in control(39.5%、5.8%)(P﹤0.05). UU infection was mainly solo state(59.9%),while CT and MG infection were highly mixed state(69.0%、56.0%). Conclusion:UU and CT may be main pathogenic microorganism in female lower genital tract,so it is necessary to take a routine test for female to exclude these infections for the sake of guiding clinical management.


We demonstrate an AO-OFDM system with a WSS-based transmitter and time-lens based receiver for spectral magnification, achieving BER~10-9 for a 28×10 Gbit/s DPSK AO-OFDM signal. Furthermore, the receiver performance for DPSK and DQPSK is investigated using Monte Carlo simulations.


The Physionet Challenge [1] focused on discerning between usable and unusable electrocardiography (ECG) data tele-medically from mobile embedded devices. Based on our publications [2,3,4], we have designed a method to determine the quality of ECG data and its usability using an adaptation of the Tompkins et al [5] real time QRS detection algorithm. With our modifications to the algorithm to cater to a very short length of data, out method is able to differentiate with accuracy the usability of ECG data in training set A as well as test set B.


The focus of today's architects is involving the methods of passive
design as some of the most important parameters for planning and projecting
sustainable buildings in performance for sustainable development and its
potentially signifi cant benefi ts in protecting the natural environment, money
savings and improving the quality of life.


The idea of rank-one updates for the inverse of the Newton iteration matrix is considered in the context of solving stiff systems of ordinary differential equations. A specific and simple problem (linear, with a constant, diagonal Jacobian) and a specific and simple method (backward Euler, with constant step) are studied. A Newton iteration matrix which is in error because of a change in step size is then considered. The various resulting Newton matrices (original and updated) and the spectral radii of the corresponding error reduction matrices are computed. Two formulations of the Newton process are considered. On the whole the results are rather discouraging. The observed reductions in spectral radii as a result of the use of updates were usually only slight, unless sufficiently large numbers of updates were performed.


We have developed a nanoscale patterning method of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) using near-field light. This method utilizes the thermal desorption, which can make a noncontact patterning of SAMs at nanoscale. Here, we numerically estimate temperature distributions on a sample surface by the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. The analytical results show the effective probe and sample conditions for the photothermal heating. As a result, the feasibility of the nanoscale patterning of SAMs using this method was confirmed. Furthermore, the preliminarily experiment of the thermal desorption using the near-field light with proposed model was carried out.


Objective To survey and analyze the situation of sexual behavior and AIDS knowledge and attitude among high school students,and to provide evidence for developing AIDS and sexual health education.Methods A risk behaviors questionnaire survey was conducted among 976 students selected from 5 high schools in Beijing Xicheng district.The contents included students' basic status,AIDS knowledge,attitude,sexual behavior and so on.Results The reporting rates of sexual behaviors and forced sexual behaviors was respectively 6.3% and 1.2%,the rates of male students was higher than that of female students(P0.01),and the rates of vocational high schools was higher than the students from common high schools and key high schools(P0.01).Awareness rate of AIDS knowledge was 73.2%,that of key high schools was higher than that of common high schools and vocational high schools(P0.01).Some students held negative attitude toward AIDS patients or HIV infectors.Conclusion School education of sexual behavior and AIDS should be taken to improve knowledge,right attitude and skills of AIDS prevention and to reduce the risk behavior.


In this paper, it is newly presented and discussed that when two magnetized materials are sufficiently close, total force of magnetic materials can be variable by depending on the adjacent surface shapes. This means that when two magnetized bodies are adjacent or in contact, the total force is not uniquely defined and depends on the bordering surface shapes even though the total volume is maintained as a same level. It shows that the range of variable force falls into even repulsion to attraction.


There exists high risk of fire and explosion in the magnesium powder producing process.Explosion prevention metods are com- pared and analyzed in two aspects,explosion prevention and mitigation.Problems existed are analyzed in three as pects,inperfect theory on ignition process,insufficient data bank on explosion parameters and insufficient test validation.The inerging are analyzed particuarly and the orientation of strengthening magnesium powder explosion preventionresearch is also pointed out.


Feng-shui is an old and traditional body of knowledge in Chinese society. Feng-shui has a significant influence on many aspects in daily life for most Chinese, including choosing locations for dwelling units, offices, burial sites, and so on. However, there have been few studies on the impact of feng-shui on housing prices. By applying a housing hedonic equation and a data set of 77,624 observations in Taiwan, we have attempted to estimate the impact of feng-shui on housing prices. We find that all six types of bad feng-shui have a significantly negative impact on housing prices. Moreover, by applying a quantile regression, we find that most of the bad feng-shui has a stronger negative impact on expensive dwelling units. Our findings confirm that people who buy expensive housing units care about feng-shui more than those who buy less expensive housing units.


Does the cost of a new console and the related games intimidate you? But what is more scary, an initial investment of about $400 for a new Wii and a ...


The paper presents a technique for improving the performance of a superconducting generator (SCG). The technique is based on combining the effects of a fuzzy logic controller @LC) and a thyristor controlled static reactive power compensator (TCSR). The fuzzy controller requires two input signals and generates the output control signal. This signal is applied at the governor control loop of the SCG in order to accomplish a satisfactory damping for the SCG low frequency oscillations over a wide range of operating conditions. The TCSR is applied at the generator terminal bus bar to change the transmission system configuration, based on a controlled firing angle, for improving the system stability. The performance of the SCG equipped with fuzzy logic controller (FLC) has been studied and the results were obtained in a comparative form with and without using TCSR The results clearly reveal that inclusion of the TCSR is very significant to improve the system performance and to increase the power transfer capabilities.


Most studies of governance modes in cross border technology alliances treat contractual alliance forms and equity joint ventures as substitutes. Our sample allows us to explore when firms are likely to adopt licensing agreements without equity arrangements, in contrast to hybrid alliances that use equity joint ventures and licensing agreements together. Findings for our data provide little support for often repeated – and yet seldom tested – hypothesis that equity joint ventures may be formed to serve as a 'mutual hostage' for alliance participants, because of the fear of partner opportunism and its consequences. Rather, our findings point more strongly in favour of equity-based alliances being formed when the primary technology holder has stronger bargaining power, when patents are of importance, and when the strategic objectives of the alliance envisage future technology transfers.


The underground gas pipeline is vulnerable which can explode any time. The percentage of the pipeline fails due to the pressure may cause fatal destruction. Hence, the predictions of pipeline burst pressure in the early stage are very important in order to provide assessment for future inspection, repair and replacement activities. This thesis is to study the effect of multiple corrosion defects on failure pressure for API X42 steel and validate the results with available design codes. The project implicates analysis by using MSC Patran 2008 r1 software as a pre-processor and MSC Marc 2008 r1 software as a solver. Half of the pipe was simulated by fully applying symmetrical condition. The pipe is modeled in 3-D with outer diameter 381 mm, wall thickness of 17.5 mm and different defect parameter. In this analysis, SMCS and von Mises stress used to predict the failure pressure. The result shows that the failure pressure increases when the distance between defect increases but decreases when the defect length increases. SMCS always shows a higher value compared to von Mises. The design codes applied only when the distance between defect is small enough that multiple defects acts as a single defect. Meanwhile, value of FEA is the highest among all the design codes.


In an effort to develop increased safety awareness related to the electric power industry, Colorado School of Mines (CSM), electrical specialty students are required to take a one- week intensive electrical safety training course. Though safety training should start with young people, it is also an important part of the education for experienced electrical technical personnel too. Engineers, designers, and operators continue to develop insights about electrical safety throughout their careers. This paper discusses the electrical safety training course curriculum developed at CSM and provides an assessment of the effectiveness of the program. Based on the success of the program this has become a permanent part of the Field Session curriculum.


This study aims to determine the influence of the human development index on economic growth, ease of doing business on economic growth, corruption on economic growth, and distribution of zakat, infaq, and sedekah funds on economic growth in Indonesia. The method used in this research is quantitative with the type of associative research with the sample used is quarterly data with a 10-year observation period, so the data used is 40 sample data. The type of data used is secondary data. Data analysis using Multiple Linear Regression with an analytical tool that is SPSS. The results of the study show that: (1) the human development index has a positive and significant effect on economic growth; (2) ease of doing business has a significant positive effect on economic growth; (3) corruption has a positive and significant effect on economic growth; (4) distribution of zakat funds, infaq, sedekah has a positive and significant effect on economic growth; (5) human development index, ease of doing business, corruption, and distribution of zakat funds, infaq, sedekah have a positive and significant effect on economic growth.


The papers by Aylin and colleagues and by van Rossum and colleagu es in th is volu m e of th e International Journal of Epidemiology explore the seasonality of mortality. These are two papers with differen t approaches and differing specific aims, but both are broadly focused on the same issues: what is the nature of the h igher mortality rate Britain experiences in winter, what are its correlates and what are the implications? The agreement and disagreement in the resu lts of these two in teresting, innovative and valuable studies is typical of British literature from th is field. Despite Britain's relatively benign climate (the average January min imum temperature for Greenwich , London is 1.9°C, with Ju ly's min imum at 13.0°C), h igher rates of mortality in win ter have been noted for over 150 years. Such 'seasonality' was noted in the Registrar General's 2nd report in 1839 with several pages devoted to London's win ter mortality rates in the 3rd report. Since then , empirical studies have tried to determine which population groups experience greatest increases in the risk of mortality during win ter, what they die from and whether th is seasonal effect is increasing. These two papers do not en tirely agree in their answers to these questions bu t do confirm the existence of a seasonal pattern to mortality rates—Ira Solenberger was at least righ t about life being at a low ebb during the shorter days. The two papers concur with each other and with the wider literature (especially contemporary work) in finding weak or absent relationships between deprivation or poor socioeconomic circumstances and the risk of win ter mortality. Such a resu lt seems counter-in tu itive to me, and I suspect that it will to others. I would expect poverty to be strongly related to an elevated risk of win ter death th rough its associated consequences of poor quality housing, fuel poverty, inadequate cloth ing and elevated risk factors for illness which win ter is known to exacerbate (respiratory and cardiovascular disease). It is my supposition that 1116 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY


Abstract Nucleobase-functionalized peptides have attracted increasing interest because of their well-ordered secondary structures and stability toward enzymatic degradations. We have designed and synthesized nucleo aminooxy acids as novel building blocks for nucleopeptides. Four nucleo aminooxy acid derivatives with cytosine or thymine in the side chain linked by an amide or a triazole moiety have been synthesized from l-serine.


As its population is rapidly growing, Belgium's capital city, is also experiencing a surge in public transport usage. This article takes a look at how Brussels' transport authority, Stib, is meeting unprecedented levels of demand by expanding the urban rail network. From capacity-related issues, including automation, to smartcard ticketing, from modernizing its tram fleet to raising average speeds, as well as expansion of its light rail vehicle (LRV) fleet and funding, the ultimate goal for the city is to provide efficient multimodal mobility.


Introduction Menopause is a special period for women which can have both physical and psychological consequences. Objectives The aim of our study was to assess the impact of menopause on women's quality of life. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study conducted on menopausal women consulting at the basic health center in réjiche over a period from 12 september to 12 october 2022. The impact of menopause on the mental health of women was assessed by the menopause rating scale (MRS). Results A total of 83 women were incluted in our study. The mean age was 61.89±11.03 years. The median age of menopause was 45 years (50-43). The majority of women (90.4%) were married and five women (6%) lived alone. Twenty-six women were professionally active and more than half were sedentary (54.2%). The comorbidities were dominated by arterial hypertension (50.6%). The mean BMI was 30.6±4.75 Kg/m². All the women had a variable psychological impact (from minor to very strong). The median score of the psychological scale was 10 (13-7): median scores for depressed mood, anxiety and physical and intellectual fatigue equal to 3 (4-1), each and median score for irritability equal to 2 (4-1). Physical and mental fatigue was the most common psychological symptom in 88% of cases followed by irritability in 86.7% of patients. Depressive and anxious symptoms were noted in 85.5% and 84.3% of cases, respectively. Psychological impact was severe in 33.7% of patients (strong or very strong symptoms). Conclusions Focusing on a small sample of menopausal patients, our study revealed a high prevalence of psychological distress during menopause which requires early adequate assessment and treatment. Disclosure of Interest None Declared


Support vector machines (SVMs) are new semi-parametric tool for regression estimation. This paper introduced a new class of hybrid models, the nonlinear support vector machines heterogeneous autoregressive (SVM-HAR) models and aimed to compare the forecasting performance with the classical heterogeneous autoregressive (HAR) models to forecast financial volatilities. It was observed through empirical experiment that the newly proposed hybrid (SVM-HAR) models produced higher predicting ability than the classical HAR model.


At moderate densities the viscosity of a gas may be represented by a virial expansion in density η=η0+bρ+···, and we present a calculation of the contribution of triple collisions to the coefficient b. We approximate three‐body encounters by two‐body collisions between a single molecule and a dimer. We derive the equilibrium constant for dimers, according to classical statistical mechanics for spherically symmetric short‐range potentials, which include bound, metastable, and orbiting pairs. Numerical results are obtained for the Lennard‐Jones (6–12) potential and the equilibrium constant is found to be approximately proportional to T−32. We then apply the Chapman—Enskog theory of the viscosity of a binary mixture of dilute gases, one component being the monomer, the other the dimers. Collisional transfer in binary collisions is not taken into account.The analysis based on this simple model yields substantial agreement with experiment, in particular the temperature dependence of b∼T−1 at high reduced tempe...


The 1920s was the era of the city. The urban population of the USA for the first time exceeded the population of rural areas and the nascent institutions of city life were flourishing. This article discusses the urban ethnography of the era with a focus on the way women and work was conceptualized, especially how 'the city' figured in explanation. Three ethnographies are examined —Frances Donovan'sThe Woman Who Waits (1920) and The Saleslady (1929) and Paul Cressey'sThe Taxi-Dance Hall (1932). Donovan and Cressey presented their empirical material to show that the so-called working girl faced a multifaceted world of opportunity in employment, not of disadvantage, as commonly emphasized in today's ethnographic studies of women and work. The conclusion reflects on the past, present and future in terms of the city's explanatory prominence in various eras.


Load acted on the surface of ballast was obtained through the vehicle-rail-ballast model. Dynamic computational model for railway ballast-subgrade was established through a coupling of finite elements and infinite elements method. Under train loads, the vibration acceleration and dynamic displacement in ballast-subgrade, which are of different ballast thickness and subgrade stiffness, were obtained in conjunction with Newmark integration scheme. The computational results show that the ballast thickness has evident impact on the dynamic response of subgrade, but the subgrade's impact is not as evident as the ballast thickness's impact. 1 tab, 8 figs, 9 refs.


This note examines the impact of socio-economic and demographic factors on the likelihood that an individual is aware of the link between being overweight and heart disease. Results indicate that nonwhites, lower educated individuals, and those with lower income are less likely to be aware of the link between being overweight and heart disease. Considering the extent of the obesity problem in the United States, these results should be used as a guide in the design of food policy and health education campaigns about obesity and heart disease.


Objective To assess the feasibility of low-dose cerebral CT angiography(CTA).Methods From August 2012 through June 2013,62 patients who underwent 64-detector-row CTA were randomly divided to two groups using conventional method of 120 kV and 80 mL of intravenous lohexol(17 men,14 women,age range:37-76 years,median:63 years,body weight:40-71kg) or low-dose method of 80 kV and 50 mL of intravenous lohexol followed by 30 mL of normal saline(16 men,15 women,age range:36-74 years,median:59 years,body weight:38-73 kg).The CT values of the Ml segments of the middle cerebral arteries(MCA),basilar arteries,noise and signal-to-noise ratios on the axial images were determined.The quality of the circles of Willis on the 3 D volume rendered images was scored.The radiation dose indexes including CTDI_(vol) and DLP were recorded.Results The CT values of the Ml segments of MCA and basilar arteries were significandy(P 0.05) higher using the low-dose method(307.19,306.38) than those of conventional method(303.01,302.25).The noise was lower and the image quality scores of the circles of Willis were higher with the low-dose method as well.Conclusion Low-dose cerebral CTA improves the image quality and significantly decrease the dose of radiation and iodinated contrast.


We research the relevant theories of software architecture and domain-specific software architecture,conduct domain analysis on online environment monitoring domain,gain the dynamic domain model of this domain,then put forward the software architecture reference model and the method of constructing domain component library in this domain,finally design the software architecture model and the component library.


A hybrid optimization algorithm based on ant colony algorithm and the artificial fish school algorithm to resolve dynamic routing and wavelength assignment in optical networks. Research is mainly focused on the swarm degree is used in ant colony algorithm,it improves the initial solution in the ant colony algorithm and updates probability of the transfer, which can improve speed and the ability of the algorithm to avoid being premature. Simulation results show that the hybrid optimization algorithm decreases the blocking probability and increases the resources utilization rate, the results prove the feasibility and validity of the algorithm.


Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of a combined therapy with Liver-Coursing Throat-Disinhibiting Mixture (LCTDM) and acupuncture on the cases with Pharyngeal paraesthesia and the effect of this therapy on hemorrheology of these cases.Methods One hundred and fifty cases with pharyngeal paraesthesia were divided into two groups at first, Then, the patients in treating group (TG) were treated by the combined therapy with Liver-Coursing Throat-Disinhibiting Mixture orally taken and acupuncture to the point of Meiheqi, and those in controlling group (CG) were treated only by orally taken routine drugs. The indexes of hemorrheology were determined before and after the therapy and compared with each other between the 2 groups. Results The effective rate was significantly higher in TG than that in CG, with very significant difference between the 2 groups (P0.01). Moreover, improving in hemorrheology was also very obvious, with statistically significant difference before and after the therapy.Conclusions Many mechanisms may be responsible for the therapeutic effect of the combined therapy with LCTDM and acupuncture on pharyngeal paraesthesia. One of them should be that by improving hemorrheology of these cases to bring about more ideal therapeutic effect.


The atlanto-occipital dislocation (AOD) is associated with high-energy trauma of the upper cervical spine. In combination with brainstem injury, the AOD is not compatible with life. However, in elderly patients this rare injury may also occur as a result of low-energy trauma with direct impact against the face or head. In our view, the operative treatment should be carried out by an experienced spine surgeon as an early elective surgery, if the patient is neurologically intact on presentation. If there is a neurological impairment an immediate operative treatment is necessary. We present two cases with atlanto-occipital dislocation in geriatric patients as a result of low-energy trauma. In both cases AOD (Traynelis III), with additional fractures of the occipital condyles (Jeanneret IV), was seen. Both patients had no neurological findings. After closed reduction using intraoperative fluoroscopy, an occipito-cervical stabilisation was performed using an occipital plate in combination with lateral mass screws. Demonstrating normal neurologic function, both patients were discharged to a geriatric rehabilitation.


Geomagnetic Induced Current (GIC) is a natural current that drives from the underground to the electrical appliances. The existence of GIC causes a harmful effect on the surface and underground technology. This paper proposed the development of IoT GIC measurement equipment with LoRa technology as the intermediary for data transfer. The GIC measurement equipment is tested through several medium and distance traveled to test the LoRa module. LoRa technology is used for GIC measurement to ease the data transfer from the ground field or remote area to the area which is accessible by internet connection. The study is important to identify a suitable range for LoRa to be deployed at the ground station for GIC measurement. The LoRa module used for the research study is SX1278


The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of solar protection against sunburn and the effect of different irrigation levels on fruit quality of pineapple 'Perola'. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area in Janauba, MG. The irrigation system used was drip and the amount of depth water applied was calculated based on the class-A evaporation pan (PAN). The protection of fruits against sunburn was made after floral closure. The design was randomized blocks, according to the split plots 5 x 4, with five irrigation depth (30%, 50%, 70%, 100% and 150% of PAN) and the subplots are 4 types of protections: newspaper, brown paper bag, TNT white no 40 and lime solution 10% and the control, with four replications. It was evaluated the percentage of fruits with symptoms of sunburn, pulp firmness, total soluble solids (TSS), total titratable acidity (TTA), pH and TSS/TTA. Fruits protected with TNT showed a lower percentage of sunburn. The irrigation depth regarding 77% of PAN associated with TNT or lime protection resulted in higher TSS values.


This article has as its main objective the construction of control charts using the calibration model functional. For this purpose it is assumed that the variance of measurement errors involved in calibration model functional is known, or can be estimated, because this is one of the conditions of regularity of calibration model functional. More precisely, the assumption of knowing one of the variances of the errors makes the functional model is feasible, that is, makes it possible to estimate the parameters of the model. It is believed, also, that the measurement errors of dependent and independent variables are additives and normally distributed.


Reaction thermodynamics and wetting studies were employed to evaluate boron carbide-aluminum cermets. Wetting phenomenon and interfacial reactions are characterized using ''macroscale'' and ''microscale'' techniques. ''Macroscale'' evaluation involved aluminum sessile drop studies on boron carbide substrates. ''Microscale'' evaluation involved the fabrication of actual cermet microstructures and their characterization through SEM, x-ray diffraction, metallography, and electron microprobe. Contact-angle measurements and interfacial-reaction products are reported. 14 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs.


After more than 20 years of research and development, are haptic interfaces finally getting ready to enter the computing mainstream?


The response of microbial culture application with and without seed soaking in water on the two different seed coloured varieties namely C235 and G24 of gram was studies at Haryan Agricultural Univeristy, Hissar during the rabi of 1969 to 1972...


In order to improve the accuracy of Ultra-wide Band (UWB) indoor positioning in Non-line of Sight (NLOS) environment, a UWB indoor positioning algorithm based on Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) is proposed to suppress NLOS errors and improve positioning accuracy. Based on the signal strength received by the base station, the NLOS error is discriminated, and based on the discriminated results, the measurements that are less affected by the NLOS error are weighted by a power-square algorithm based on the RSSI difference, the measurements that are more affected by the NLOS error are rejected, and the other measurements are calculated using a power-square weighting algorithm for the residuals to obtain the final positioning results. The experimental results show that the algorithm can effectively suppress NLOS errors and improve localisation accuracy in the NLOS environment.


A modification of the cage of the Hagelin (M-209) cipher machine is shown to make the modified cipher secure against the Morris Known Plaintext Attack.


The objective of this study is to estimate the effect of YangTaekFengShui(陽宅風水) on the price determination of apartment. As a traditional theory of geography, FengShui has been an essential location theory since Korea(高麗) dynasty. However, FengShui would be less valuable if that is not practically applied in town location and a real estate development on the spot. The apartments of Busan were selected as the study areas. Apartment price per size(pyung) was used as the dependent variable in the hedonic model. Explanatory variables in the model were size(pyeng), floor number, direction, view, noise, brand, heating, parking lot, number of households, particular areas, distance to primary school, subway, discount store, center(subcenter) of a city. YangTaekFengShui variables are BaeSanImSu(背山臨水), BaeSan(背山), ImSu(臨水), JeonJeoHuGo(前底後高), DongㆍSeoSaTaek(東ㆍ西四宅). BaeSanImSu which indicates the location of the apartment between river and mountain. BaeSan which an apartment is located in the front of mountain. ImSu which an apartment is in front of river(stream). JeonJeoHuGo indicates that the land lever of the front area of the apartment is low and the backside of the apartment is high. DongㆍSeoSaTaek(東ㆍ西四宅) which consists of door, kitchen and main living room location. YangTaekFengShui variables were positive effect in the model to [rod their effects on the apartrment price determination. The results shows that YankTaekFengShui variables is an important factor in the households price.


Sinorhizobium meliloti is an agriculturally and ecologically important microbe due to its capacity to establish nitrogen‐fixing symbiosis with plant legumes. Two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis of total cellular protein was used to establish a proteome reference map for the model microsymbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti strain 1021. The extent of changes in the gene expression of cells grown in a defined medium at different growth phases was established. After examination of over 2000 resolved protein spots, a minimum of 52 reproducible changes in protein expression levels were detected when early exponential phase cells were compared to late exponential phase cells. In contrast, induction of nodulation gene expression by the addition of the flavonoid luteolin to cells did not result in detectable changes in protein expression at either early or late exponential phase. N‐terminal microsequencing of eighteen unknown constitutive proteins plus four proteins, induced or up‐regulated in late exponential phase cells, allowed the identification of proteins not previously described in rhizobia. These included an amide‐binding protein, a putative hydrolase of the glyoxalase II protein family, a nucleoside diphosphate kinase, and a 5′‐nucleotidase. N‐terminal microsequencing was also valuable in revealing N‐terminal post‐translational processing and assigning a subcellular location to the analysed protein. Proteome analysis will provide a powerful analytical tool to complement the sequencing of the genome of strain 1021.


This article aims to explore how it is possible that two separate disciplines of literature and economics get inter-disciplinary. Such words as property, interest, industry, independence and value become both economic and literary in terms in the wake of disciplinary division. As we take a careful look at such terms as practical value, reproductive value, and aesthetic value, for instance, we find that they create "the textuality of a chain of value" in Spivak's words. This chain of "value coding" implies that the term value is trans-valued into various spheres. I attempt to show that in the age of "dividing practices" when literature and economics started to construct their own programs, they simultaneously cross-referred to each other. To specify my argument, I, in the article, strive to argue that the issue of overproduction had erupted in both disciplines of political economy and literature during the Romantic period. In "The Excursion"(1814), Wordsworth is concerned with controlling what he identifies as chaotic consequences of cultural/linguistic overproduction. He explicitly participates in print capitalism where all kinds of cultural products are doomed to be commodities having exchange value. Wordsworth, however, fears an excessive quantity of them. His dilemma is that while he accepts the commodification of cultural products, he feels to control the speed and quantity of their (re)production. It is notable that Wordsworth poeticizes his wish for the control of cultural production in various ways. His regulation of "the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" through the working of self-critical memory, his prioritizing of imagination over fancy, his channelling of self-referring language into lyric teleology, and his sense of the balance between aristocratic stability and bourgeois mobility, all of them encode his desire for an 'in-control', against 'out of control', state of cultural production. Now ideological conflict revolves around the speed and quantity of production. My approach to "The Excursion," thus, aims to avoid both text-centered approaches and the sociology of literature in order to ultimately argue for a metonymic association between seemingly unrelated disciplines.


A neuron-based algorithm for solving the complex principal components analysis problem and its application to adaptive bearing estimation are presented. The authors specify the bearing estimation problem in a narrowband version and use the eigen-decomposition method to achieve high resolution. Both input data and eigenvectors that span the signal subspace are complex values. So it is important to extract the complex principal components from the complex input data sequence. Previous methods do not offer complex algorithms. To overcome this problem, the authors propose a linear neural network with complex weights which is a generalized and modified version of E. Oja's (1985) and S.Y. Kung and K.I. Diamantaras's (1990) methods, and they use their own method to estimate the direction of arrival (DOA).<<ETX>>


The nonlinearity in GMAW process determines its chaotic characteristics.Correlation dimension is a major quantitative analysis index in chaos researching of dynamical system.In this paper phase space reconstruction was used to analyse the current signal time sequence in GMAW by calculating correlation dimension.By changing welding voltage,welding current and gas flow rate,the chaotic characteristic of arc welding under different parameters was discussed.Studies show that chaos in GMAW welding process exists not only in short circuit transition,but also in droplet transition.On this basis,further study of the variation of correlation dimension under different parameters was put forward.Correlation dimension can be used as the basis for evaluating welding process stability.It means the smaller the correlation dimension is,the welding process is more stable and welding parameters are more appropriate.The criterion provides theoretical basis for the identification of chaos,which can be used in process optimization experiments for welding parameters selection and monitoring the stability of the welding process.


An innovative and computationally efficient compressive sensing (CS) inversion scheme is proposed for the prediction of the 2-D distribution of the electromagnetic (EM) field strength (FS) in a region of interest (RoI) starting from a limited set of FS measurements, but without any information on the EM radiating source. Toward this end, the inverse problem at hand is recast to the minimization of the augmented Lagrangian function, and then it is efficiently solved by means of a novel accelerated total-variation CS (ATV-CS) approach. The ATV-CS, which is based on a smart implementation of the involved matrix–vector multiplications, is exploited to remarkably reduce the computational cost of the standard total variation (TV)-CS so that a reliable and efficient prediction of the FS is enabled in realistic applications concerned with wide areas, as well. A set of representative test cases, from a wide numerical assessment concerned with different sources and propagation scenarios, is reported to assess both the reliability/effectiveness and the computational efficiency of the proposed approach in comparison with competitive state-of-the-art sparseness-promoting techniques, as well.


The present invention relates to an emulsifier-free emulsion cosmetic composition and, more specifically, to an emulsifier-free emulsion cosmetic composition comprising dipalmitoyl hydroxyproline and Citrus Aurantium Sinensis Fiber as active ingredients. The emulsifier-free emulsion cosmetic composition blocks skin irritation provocation and allergy onset problems since the composition does not contain an emulsifier, unlike a general emulsion system, and can secure a high value as a cosmetic since the composition maintains emulsion stability and at the same time has a skin-improving effect, even though the composition does not contain an emulsifier.


A VLSI implementation of a low-power DSP is described, which is dedicated to the G.723.1 low bitrate speech codec. A number of sophisticated DSP microarchitectures are devised mainly on dual multiply accumulators, rounding and saturation mechanisms, and two-banked on-chip memory. The proposed DSP architecture has been integrated in a total area of 7.75 mm/sup 2/ by using a 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS technology, which can operate at 10 MHz with the dissipation of 45 mW from a single 3 V supply.


High-speed microwave synthesis has attracted a considerable amount of attention in recent years [1]. Since the first reports on the use of microwave heating to accelerate organic chemical transformations by the groups of Gedye and Giguere/Majetich in 1986, more than 3000 articles have been published in the area of microwave-assisted organic synthesis (MAOS) [2]. The initial slow uptake of the technology in the late 1980s and early 1990s has been attributed to its lack of controllability and reproducibility, coupled with a general lack of understanding of the basics of microwave dielectric heating. The risks associated with the flammability of organic solvents in a microwave field and the lack of available systems for adequate temperature and pressure controls were major concerns. Since the late 1990s the number of publications related to MAOS has therefore increased dramatically to a point where it might be assumed that, in a few years, most chemists will probably use microwave energy to heat chemical reactions on a laboratory scale. Not only is direct microwave heating able to reduce chemical reaction times from hours to minutes, but it is also known to reduce side reactions, increase yields and improve reproducibility. Therefore, many academic and industrial research groups are already using MAOS as a forefront technology for rapid reaction optimization, for the efficient synthesis of new chemical entities, or for discovering and probing new chemical reactivity [3].


Phased Array Antennas are among the most important 5G enabling technologies. Optimizing a Phased Array Antenna (PAA) is an elaborate task, especially for PAAs with increased number of elements. Traditional optimization methods that are either based on greedy, local optimization such as gradient methods or consist of random walk solution space searches, are far from ideal for solving the problem of arbitrary pattern synthesis in 1D and 2D antenna arrays, mainly due to the high dimensional, multimodal functional domains involved but also due to the inherent limitations of these approaches e.g., the majority of these methods assume the object function is continuous or even differentiable. On the other hand, natural optimization methods, e.g., genetic algorithms, simulated annealing and particle swarm optimization can be used to tackle this problem efficiently. In this study, a genetic algorithm was developed for optimizing a Planar (2D) Phased Array Antenna, using a custom objective function so that the Array Factor has specific characteristics, in terms of directivity, beamwidth and side-lobe level (SLL). The experimental results showed that the genetic algorithm can be used for optimizing a 2D PAA with very satisfactory results.


In this paper, we refer to derivation process of Lame slution; directing towards different range of application, we deduce the stress formula of ellipsoid shell of internal pressure at any point according to non-bending moment theory.