In the present study, Co-ZnO and Co-Ni-ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by sonochemical methods and the structural and optical properties were investigated through Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis spectroscopy, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) methods. Morphology of nanoparticles obtained a small granular shape with an average crystallite size of 60 nm. In addition, the direct band gap was calculated using Tauc's approach. Comparing with pure ZnO, the band gap of the doped-ZnO NPs is smaller and depends on the type of dopants. Moreover, photocatalytic activity of all samples was investigated by the degradation of methyl orange (MO) dye under UV irradiation in an aqueous medium. Co-Ni-ZnO possesses excellent photocatalytic activity for the degradation of MO when compared to Co-ZnO and ZnO. In addition, the photocatalytic activity of Co-ZnO improves in the presence of nickel dopant. Moreover, the photocatalyst could be reused for four times without remarkable loss of its activity.


Dozens of studies have been published about the psychometric qualities of instruments used for screening cancer patients for psychological distress. The aim of these psychometric evaluations is to choose an instrument that can identify patients who are in need of professional psycho-oncological help. The viewpoint that only selected patients should be offered professional help is the motivation for developing such an instrument: 'Routine screening using self-report measures helps ensure therapeutic interventions are offered to those in need' [1]. 'The aim of brief screening is to identify undiagnosed patients who require treatment and to guide them to the appropriate treatment' [2]. Although such ideas seem self-evident, the aim of this letter is to express our doubts about the certainty with which these statements are accepted. A quick scan in Web of Sciences yielded approximately 30 psychometric studies that compared the characteristics of several screening lists for cancer patients, or the outcome of a screening list with Diagnostic and Statistic Manual-IV diagnoses determined by means of a psychiatric interview. Seven of these studies were published in Psycho-Oncology [3–9]. This is in contrast with the paucity of studies dealing with the practical use of screening instruments [10]. One exception is the study by Sollner et al. [11]. During a period of 6 months 100 patients were screened in a RadioOncology Unit in Innsbruck. Approximately one third suffered from moderate to severe anxiety or depression, but only 58% of them accepted counselling. On the other hand, of those patients who fell below the cut-off criterion 45% were interested in and actually received counselling. Counselling was offered to all patients with moderate or severe distress and to those expressing a wish for such support. The findings of this study can be formulated in a different way: Of the patients who actually received supportive counselling, 38% would have been referred to counselling on the basis of moderate to high distress scores only, whereas 71% would have been referred if based solely on the question 'Are you interested in receiving supportive counselling'? The other two exceptions have been published as conference abstracts only. In the study by Tiller [12], 343 new patients were screened during a period of 16 months in an oncology centre in Sydney. Approximately one quarter of the patients fulfilled the cutoff criterion on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), but only a minority (30%) of the patients identified actually turned to a clinical psychologist for help. During the same period, 103 patients were referred for reasons other than a sufficiently high score on the HADS, such as adjustment problems, flat affect, relationship problems and hereditary cancer issues. A discrepancy between screening results and referrals was also reported by Jones and Doebbeling [13] in a study on screening for depression among Veterans with cancer. Of the 1967 participants in this study, 65% were screened. Of those screened 17% scored positive and of the patients who scored positive only 11% were referred to mental health clinics. These findings indicate that the effectivity of a screening instrument does not comply with theoretical ideas. It is possible that a screening instrument could be useful in exceptional conditions, especially in a research project. However, it is reasonable to assume that the use of a screening instrument in busy hospitals is more likely to reflect the examples in the three studies cited above. In a critical review, Palmer and Coyne describe the somewhat disappointing results of studies that evaluated the usefulness of screening instruments for depression in primary medical care [14]. They write, 'Sentiment in favour of screening in medical settings is so strong that expressions of scepticism must assume a high burden of proof. Yet, seldom are data presented demonstrating that screening for depression improves functional status and mental or physical health, or that screening is cost effective' [14]. Indeed, most studies did not prove any health benefits after introducing a screening instrument in primary care practices. Coyne also doubts the 'inherent assumption of many screening efforts that these otherwise undetected patients differ from detected patients only in our knowledge of their depression' [15]. However, they found evidence in the studies they cite that patients whose identification depends on screening have milder forms of depression and/or have a negative attitude about antidepressant medication. This would make it more difficult to demonstrate the treatment effects of screening efforts. They also suggest that 'the effectiveness of screening lies not in the number of depressed patients identified, but in the number of depressed patients who, as a result of screening positive, accept and benefit from treatment that they would not otherwise have been offered'. In a screening programme for major depressive disor-


The authors describe a triplex primary flight computer system based on a reconfigurable architecture with extensive use of application specific integrated circuits (ASICs). The system comprises fault-tolerant fly-by-wire (FBW) computers which are triplex dissimilar in both software and hardware. These command actuator control electronics (ACE) units via DATAC (ARINC 629) data buses. The FBW computers form the core of the full-authority FBW system and perform all the computational commands for the pitch, roll, and yaw surface actuation systems. The authors review the architectural design issues in terms of integrity requirements and fault tolerance, leading to a design which not only meets civil safety requirements but also has ultra-high-reliability, offering little or no maintenance action. The FBW computer architecture is based on dividing the basic path into three subfunctional elements. Each of these elements is then replicated to provide fault tolerance. The internal element redundancy management function is performed both in hardware and software, and it is able to detect and isolate faulty elements and perform the necessary reconfiguration. The current expectation for system reliability gives an expected time to 95% probability of dispatch of 38100 operating hours and has a predicted MTBMA of 92700 operating hours per shipset.<<ETX>>


The people's hero with little time for corporate ephemera, who worked on his own machines and liked a pint with his mates after racing. The man of honour who never signed contracts because his handshake was binding. The humanitarian, delivering aid to Albania, Bosnia and Romania - for which he received an OBE, to add to the MBE awarded for his racing. The family man, father of five, running a railway pub in County Antrim. The all-round legend, awarded what amounted to an Irish state funeral, televised live and attended by 50,000 well-wishers including cabinet ministers.


Title: Physical Activity among Adolescents in a Swedish Multicultural Area An Empowerment-Based Health Promotion School Intervention Author: Andreas Fröberg Languange: English with a Swedish summary ISBN: 978-91-7346-965-4 (print) ISBN: 978-91-7346-966-1 (pdf) ISSN: 0436-1121


Background: Intermittent self-catheterization (ISC) is by far the most appealing therapy to achieve a complete bladder emptying in patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD). Four questionnaires have been developed in French in order to assess patient's satisfaction, difficulties and acceptance of this technique. Objectives: The aim of this study was to translate, culturally adapt and validate Dutch versions of the Intermittent Catheterization Satisfaction Questionnaire (InCaSaQ), the Intermittent Catheterization Acceptance Test (ICAT), the Intermittent Self Catheterization Questionnaire (ISCQ) and the Intermittent Catheterization Difficulty Questionnaire (ICDQ). Methods: (1) Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the questionnaires were performed according to the standardized guidelines. (2) The test of the pre-final version was performed by a group of bilingual lay people by comparing the original version of the questionnaires and the back translated one, assessing the comparability of language and comparability of interpretation. (3) Problematic issues were reviewed for correction. (4) Reliability was examined by intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) statistics and Cronbach alpha analysis. Results: Pre-test by 45 raters who are fluent in the source language led to an adapted and improved version of the translated questionnaires. Fifty native Dutch-speaking patients performing ISC (>6 months) due to an NLUTD were prospectively included. InCaSaQ, ICAT, ISCQ and ICDQ showed good internal consistency (α respectively (test and re-test): 0.79–0.88, 0.88–0.92, 0.85–0.88, and 0.88–0.86) and reproducibility (ICC respectively 0.77, 0.84, 0.84, and 0.87). Conclusion: The translated versions of InCaSaQ, ICAT, ISCQ and ICDQ are reliable and valid, allowing self-reported assessment of satisfaction, acceptance, difficulties and quality of life related to ISC in Dutch-speaking patients with NLUTD.


A subgenre of speculative science fiction set in an anachronistic 19th century society. Here you will share your fashion-themed sources.


Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica E-mail: email@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca, Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, Rio de Janeiro/Brasil e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com ____________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT AISI 430 is a non-stabilized ferritic stainless steel grade with carbon content lower than 0.12%.After hot and cold rolling this material is annealed. The slow cooling after soaking at temperatures between 900 o C and 1000 o C promotes the formation of a high quantity of carbides and nitrides, while the rapid cooling partially suppresses the formation of these precipitates, but introduces martensite in the microstructure. Intergranular martensite can also be produced in the weld metal and in the heat affected zone (HAZ) of welds of nonstabilized ferritic stainless steels. In this work, several heat treatments between 900 o C and 1000 o C, with different cooling rates, were performed in a commercial sheet of AISI 430 grade. Also, an autogenous welding was produced with GTAW process, and post weld heat treatment at 700°C was carried out. The different microstructures produced were analyzed by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The degree of sensitization was measured by double loop electrochemical potentiodynamic tests (DL-EPR). The pitting corrosion resistance was evaluated by cyclic polarization tests in 3.5%NaCl solution. Hardness and toughness tests were also performed in selected heat treatment conditions. The results indicate that the slow cooling results in a higher degree of sensitization than observed in the material rapid cooled from the annealing temperature. The ferritic martensitic structure produced by water cooling has higher pitting potential and lower degree of sensitization, but is brittle at room temperature. A subsequent tempering treatment between 600 and 800 o C can increase the toughness, but the corrosion resistance may decrease due to carbides precipitation.The heat affected zone of AISI 430 welds contains intergranular martensite, which is brittle and susceptible to corrosion attack. Post weld heat treatment at 700 o C decomposed the martensite into ferrite and carbides and improved the corrosion resistance.


Although the mountain is a popular tourist destination, research regarding mountain tourism is still limited. Over the years, researches on tourist satisfaction covered a more general context of tourism, without specifically analyzing mountain tourism. Therefore, this research aims to investigates factors influencing tourists' satisfaction on mountain tourism, with Mount Papandayan, Garut Regency, West Java, Indonesia, as a case. Eleven variables regarding tourist satisfaction were derived from several interviews with Mount Papandayan's management staff and 30 tourists that were hiking and camping on Mount Papandayan. A sample of 100 respondents, who were the Mount Papandayan's tourists that had been hiking and camping, completed questionnaires. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to analyze the data. The results show that there are three factors that affect tourist's satisfaction in mountain tourism, which are ̳infrastructure and facilities', ̳natural resources', and ̳mountain area's atmosphere', while CFA validated the model fit. The results also indicated a significant relationship between the three factors. This research provides an opportunity for broader research opportunities in mountain tourism, especially in tropical countries.


Layman and professionals alike have said, "Some people are born to be leaders, some are born to be followers." But I disagree. I believe that an individual is trained for his ultimate position by the experiences of life itself; that is, if he takes advantage of these experiences. Looking back on my life as a girl growing up in a poor mountain home in Tuckasegee, North Carolina, I now realize that there were many unseen signposts along the way. Theymarked myjourney toward the position I hold today in the business world.


It is proved that if p is a prime ideal in the ring S{M) of semialgebraic functions on a semialgebraic set M, the quotient field of S(M)/p is real closed. We also prove that in the case where M is locally closed, the rings S(M) and P(M)—polynomial functions on M—have the same Krull dimension.
The proofs do not use the theory of real spectra.


Image search can be done using content based; colour has been taken as the property for searching. For searching local histogram searching has been used, Euclidean distance formula has been used for comparing the histograms of the images, in this paper query image is divided into two blocks, and each image in the database is also divided into two blocks and histograms are also calculated separately, comparison was made separately and finally by considering all local histograms a sorted order of best suitable images were generated, final search results were displayed from the sorted order. INTRODUCTION In the past decade, many image retrieval systems have been developed, such as the IBM QBIC system developed at the IBM Alma den Research Centre, they have developed the QBIC (Query by Image Content) system to explore content-based retrieval methods. QBIC allows queries on large image and video databases based on


Reconstruction is a key factor in prose translation and it can be considered as a criterion in prose translation criticism.During prose translation,we should pay attention to the reconstruction of artistic conception from two phases-comprehension and construction.


Financial reports, which ordinarily should provide a true and fair view of the firm's performance and financial status as of the reporting date, are manipulated due to the opportunistic behaviour of some managers. The separation of ownership and control forms the basis of divergent motivation between stockholders and management, resulting in a conflict of interest and agency costs. The management tends to abuse their trust in the presence of excess cash flow in a firm to pursue personal interest while reporting good financial performance. Managerial ownership is considered an important component of ownership structures to mitigate the conflict between managers and shareholders. This study examined the moderating effect of managerial ownership on the relationship between free cash flow and earnings management of conglomerate firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange as at December 31 2017. The study was conducted on all 6 conglomerate firms listed on the Nigerian stock exchange from the period 2005 to 2017. The study used a correlational research design and secondary data from the firms' annual reports and accounted for the periods. Multiple regression was employed in analysing the data. The results showed that free cash flow has a positive and significant effect on earnings management. Managerial ownership has a negative and significant effect on earnings management. In comparison, managerial ownership interaction with free cash flow on earning management has an insignificant negative effect. The study concludes that managerial ownership may likely reduce earnings management in the presence of free cash flow in listed conglomerate firms in Nigeria. Based on the study's findings, it is recommended that managers be encouraged to increase their shareholdings in the firms to better align their Kargi & Zakariya. Moderating Effect of Free Cash Flow... 31 interests with that of other shareholders and reduce their opportunistic tendencies. Also, shareholders and management should exercise good governance practices to identify viable investment projects into which excess cash flow may be channelled to reduce the managers' motivation for opportunistic behaviours.


In the K-edge x-ray absorption of rubidium vapour and gaseous krypton, comprehensive spectra of collective excitations down to the relative probability of 5 × 10−5 are extracted. After removal of the asymptotic Victoreen trend, the region ∼ 100 eV above the edge exhibits a steep decrease of the absorption coefficient attributed to core relaxation and post-collision interaction in the Auger decay. With an exponential model for the decrease, the entire spectrum of multielectron excitations is recognized as a succession of consecutive resonant, shake-up and shake-off channels. They can be identified as coexcitations of electrons from successively deeper subshells, from 5s down to 3s. The identification of excited states is aided by a quantitative modelling of subshell contributions and by natural-width deconvolution. The valence and subvalence coexcitations are shown to follow the pattern of the lighter homologues potassium and argon.


The pharmacological functions ofγ-aminobutyric acid enriched tea were reviewed in this paper,as well as the progress in research of accumulation ofγ-aminobutyric acid.It presents the process technology should be improved to makeγ-aminobutyric acid enriched tea into a world market.


Under the asymmetric information,the owner undertakes moral risk,which is caused by supervisor in the case of project supervision.This paper analyzes the benefit conflict while entrusting because of asymmetric information,discusses how to bring incentive and supervisory control mechanism into project supervision entrust-contract by mathematics model.Then,the design and improvement of the supervision reward in contract are discussed.


The theory of seakeeping of a single ship is used as a basis to develop a twelve-degree-of-freedom theory for a towing system consisting of a tug coupled to a tow through a towline. Statistics of extreme towline tensions are of principal interest because of their influence on the planning and operation of towing at sea. As shown by experimental and theoretical results, the relationship between dynamic towline tension and motion is highly nonlinear for wire rope towlines. This necessitates a fully nonlinear analysis for predicting the statistics of the extreme tensions. On the other hand, the ship motions are shown to be only weakly nonlinear because the dynamic influences of the towline forces on the ships are small in comparison with the fluid and inertial forces. The theory and procedure that is developed is applied to examples of actual towing conditions to show how towline length and towline speed can be chosen to keep the risk of towline failure below a predetermined limit.


The GERB instruments fly on the MSG series of satellites and are designed to measure the Earth Radiation Budget (ERB). Several ERB satellites have been flown in low earth orbit, but this type of measurement has not been achieved before from geostationary orbit. It is expected that these measurements will make a major contribution to the understanding of our climate system and to the changes occurring in the average temperature of the Earth.


In view of the quality problems of oil-film bearing bushing casting during the centrifugal casting,ProCAST software was used to simulate centrifugal casting process of bushing in this study.The temperature field variation rules of filling and solidification process in bushing centrifugal casting were obtained and the formation and possible location of shrinkage porosity by simulating two pouring models were analyzed and predicted.Results show that: the improved runner can slow down the impact of liquid metal as it fills,so the filling process is relatively stable.It also slows down the cooling rate of the casting's inner surface,which is conducive to liquid metal to achieve sequential solidification from outside to inside and increases the liquid metal feeding capacity.Its shrinkage rate of the maximum? is reduced about 5.5% compared to the original model,which improves the quality of casting.The simulation results coincide with the actual production and have reference significance to the optimization of centrifugal casting.


The corresponding solutions were put forward on the research of key technologies in multi-wire helical spring manufacturing.The hardware and software platform of multi-wire spring rolling CNC system were established adopting open-architecture CNC system based on PC and motion control card.Digital control of multi-wire helical spring manufacturing was achieved and productivity and machining quality were improved.


Abstract A method for evaluating the growth function of a developmental system for the case in which the elementary operations are not performed simultaneously is described. The method is based upon the representation of genetic words as Petri nets. Examples of applications are presented.


Scientific datasets often have hierarchical structure: for example, in surveys, individual participants (samples) might be grouped at a higher level (units) such as their geographical region. In these settings, the interest is often in exploring the structure on the unit level rather than on the sample level. Units can be compared based on the distance between their means, however this ignores the within-unit distribution of samples. Here we develop an approach for exploratory analysis of hierarchical datasets using the Wasserstein distance metric that takes into account the shapes of within-unit distributions. We use t-SNE to construct 2D embeddings of the units, based on the matrix of pairwise Wasserstein distances between them. The distance matrix can be efficiently computed by approximating each unit with a Gaussian distribution, but we also provide a scalable method to compute exact Wasserstein distances. We use synthetic data to demonstrate the effectiveness of our Wasserstein t-SNE, and apply it to data from the 2017 German parliamentary election, considering polling stations as samples and voting districts as units. The resulting embedding uncovers meaningful structure in the data.


Objective To investigate the rule of the aquaporin 4 (AQP 4) expression in the acute ischemic cerebral tissues, and to study the molecular biologic mechanism of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI). Methods Thirty six Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups randomly, including control group ( n = 12) and operation group ( n =24). The operation group was studied after the right middle cerebral artery was unilaterally occluded (MCAO) at an interval of 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, and 24 h, respectively ( n =4 for each sub group). The operation process of the control group was the same as the operation group except MCAO. All rats in both groups were examined with DWI. The relative ADC (rADC), relative density (rd), and relative area (rs) of the biggest hyperintensity signal layer on DWI were measured. After that, the animals were sacrificed and perfused with the mixture solution consisting of TTC at different time intervals. The biggest layer of the ischemic cerebral tissues stained with TTC and corresponding to that of DWI was examined with immunochemistry and in situ hybridization. The AQP 4 expression AQP 4 (△S and α) was measured with the Image Analyzer. Meanwhile, histologic examination was performed at each group. Results There was no significant change of the DWI and the pathology, as well as the AQP 4 expression in the control group. In the operation group, abnormal high intensity was found in DWI of ipsilateral MCA territory at 15 min after MCAO, and rADC value decreased quickly within 1 h after MCAO, while the AQP 4 expression, the rd DWI, and the rs DWI increased rapidly in the stage. With the progress of the time, the rADC value further decreased at 3 h, and then began increasing slowly till 24 h . But the AQP 4 expression (△S and α) and the rd as well as the rs continuously increased slowly between 1 h and 6 h after MCAO, then they had an increasing peak except the rd. The AQP 4 expression, rd DWI, and rs DWI all showed positive linear relationship with time, presenting as 2 peaks and a plateau. The corresponding sequential pathologic changes were gradual increase of intracellular edema (1 h), then emergence of vasogenic and cytotoxic edema (1-6 h), and final necrosis and liquefaction (6-24 h). Conclusion The high expression of AQP 4 in the acute ischemic cerebral tissues played a significant role in the intracellular edema. Certainly, it was also one of the important reasons of the decrease of rADC and hyperintensity on DWI in the early stage of the cerebral ischemia.


This study aimed to verify the hypothesis that periodontal disease contributes to endothelial dysfunction in the coronary arteries of middle-aged rats. Besides we evaluated the effects of a prebiotic (β-glucan isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in preventing vascular dysfunction. The sample comprised young (sham and induced to periodontal disease) and middle-aged rats (sham, periodontal disease, sham-treated and periodontal disease-treated), at 12 and 57 weeks, respectively. The treated-groups received daily doses of β-glucan (50 mg/kg) orally (gavage) for four weeks, and periodontal disease was induced in the last two weeks by ligature. A myograph system assessed vascular reactivity. The expression of eNOS, COX-1, COX-2, p47 phox, gp91phox, NFKB-p65, p53, p21, p16 was quantified by Western blotting. Serum hydroperoxide production was measured by the FOX-2 method. IL-1β, IL-10, and TNF-α levels were evaluated by spectroscopic ultraviolet-visible analysis. Periodontal disease in middle-aged rats was associated with reduced acetylcholine-induced relaxations of coronary artery rings affecting the endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization (EDH)- and the nitric oxide (NO)-mediated relaxations. The endothelial dysfunction was related to eNOS downregulation, increased IL-1β, TNF-α pro-inflammatory cytokines and also upregulation of NADPH oxidase, and COXs, inducing cell cycle inhibitory pathways, including the p53/p21 and the p16. Treatment with β-glucan effectively reduced bone loss in periodontal disease and delayed endothelial dysfunction in the coronary artery. Our data show that yeast β-glucan ingestion prevented oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory markers synthesis, and prevented eNOS reduction induced by periodontal disease in middle-aged rats. These results suggest that β-glucan has a beneficial effect on the coronary vascular bed.


The Fourier transform infrared spectrum of CH2=CHF has been investigated in the v 7 band region around 115 5 cm-1 at a resolution of about 0·002 cm-1. This fundamental of symmetry species A′ yields an a/b hybrid band with a prevalent contribution of the a-type component. The band is affected by first-order b-Coriolis resonance with the v 9 + v 12 combination, and the interactions are markedly stronger for the K′ a = 11 and 12 levels; local perturbations with crossings due to higher-order a- and b-Coriolis resonances have also been observed. The rovibrational analysis led to the identification of more than 2900 lines of v 7 with J ⩽ 6>4 and K a ⩽ 1>8, while no features were detected for the v 9 + v 12 band. Using Watson's A-reduction Hamiltonian in the I r representation, the present ground state combination differences combined with available microwave data led to improved sextic distortion terms for the ground state. Of the assigned lines, 2329 free of major resonance contribution provided excited state ...


The time and space so loved by philosophers and poets, burden and delight of physicists and astronomists, for a long time have been more for economists elements of inconvenience than of analysis. All this finds a justification in the mechanistic logic which also regulates the great economic theories. But the "Newtonian†general economic theory, fascinating though it is and irreplaceable in conferring rigour to theoretical formulations and reducing to a simplified form the apparently (or real) chaos of the great systems, in its necessarily high flying it is unsuitable to interpreting the local level where, instead, it is indispensable to keep one's feet on the ground, to move in the territory following the infinite combinations of the surrounding countryside, to worm oneself into the maze of economic and social interrelations which make it unique and unrepeatable.The long journey began with the Solow type neoclassical growth models, characterised by the production function with decreasing returns and with perfect market forms, passing through endogenous growth models, now reaches territorialised forms, which have the advantage of being less abstract than neoclassical models, in that they operate in imperfect markets, but which do not manage to keep the growth rate under control, which is always given as positive. From "implosive†models we pass to "explosive†models.Forceably including local interrelations into classical production functions is not successful in overcoming the basic contradictions between Newtonian determinism and localistic indeterminism, with the result that the classical elegance is lost without acquiring localistic concreteness Now the new physicists are trying again with the String Theory, above all in the M version or the Theory of Everything. But this fascinating theory does not yet allow us to understand some fundamental things, for example it does not tell us why particles align in a certain way, in a certain order and with a certain potential. Adapting concepts and paths elaborated by post-Newtonian physics, the economist could do much less and a bit more. Much less because he is not required to solve in any way the mysteries of the universe, a bit more because, perhaps, he can describe without contradictions, using known economic science, what physicists, in their field, are not able to describe: he can tell us, using formal models why at a certain point in time and space a determined productive set composed of a well defined number of "economics quanta†relative to material and immaterial elements, of which is known the magnitude, order and force, behaves like a string and begins to "vibrate†setting off the chain reaction of economic development.


The present invention relates to a method for decoding the data encoded representing the image sequence stream (F). The method for the current block, and step (10) to reconstruct the residual block, the step (12) for determining a prediction block, the integration of prediction block weighted by the residual block and the weighted prediction parameters by comprising a step (14) to reconstruct the current block. According to the present invention, weighted prediction parameters, a step (2) for calculating the average of the prediction block Furthermore, the present invention relates to a coding method. .The


Abstract : The aircraft transparency and logistical cost analysis program is aimed at reducing the logistical costs associated with transparency systems for 20 of the current Air Force inventory aircraft. The approach for achieving this goal was to collect all information relating to the physical and performance characteristics, and maintenance historical data of the selected study aircraft. These data provide the means of initiating search for design improvement and cost reduction studies. In order to assess the maintenance and logistical support activity as currently being practical at the Air Logistics Centers and Air Force Operational Bases, both maintenance and installation procedures, as well as qualification and testing procedures, for transparency components and support systems were collected. These data were assembled to determine the support structure level of effort and costs to identify those procedures and practices where cost reduction may be achieved. These data plus the failure analysis conducted in the transparency analysis phases provided the basis for implementing the design improvement and cost reduction studies shown in volume III.


The optimum number of nozzles of booster vacuum pump having ten and twenty nozzles of convergent-divergent type on the upper and lower circumferences of conical chimney respectively was determined varying the number of nozzles and boiler temperature and measuring the pumping speed and back pressure performance.


This study aims to analyze: 1) differences in student achievement are given learning method and experimental demonstration, 2) differences in physics learning achievement of students who have high achievement motivation and low, 3) differences in physics learning achievement of students who have studied high and low activity , 4) the interaction between learning physics by using demonstrations and experiments with achievement motivation on academic achievement, 5) the interaction between learning physics demonstrations and experiments using this method with learning activities on student achievement, 6) interaction between achievement motivation with learning activity for achievement student learning, 7) the interaction between learning physics demonstrations and experiments using this method, achievement motivation and learning activities on student achievement.This research is a quasi-experiment using 2x2x2 factorial design. This study population is grade 7 SMPN 3 District Court in 2011, amounting to 5 classes. Sampling using random cluster sampling, the class 7A and 7E. Data obtained using questionnaires, tests and observation. Data analysis techniques using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) three lines. The device used to process research data is Minitab 14, iteman program and excel.The results showed that: 1) there are differences in achievement by using the method of learning, experimental learning method gives better results than the methods of teaching demonstrations, 2) there is no difference in learning achievement of significant physics, the students have high achievement motivation and low , 3) there is a difference in student achievement, students with high learning activities earn higher returns than low learning activities, 4) there is no interaction between learning method with achievement motivation, 5) there is interaction between the method of learning with the learning activities, 6) are not there is an interaction between achievement motivation with learning activities on learning achievement, 7) there is no interaction between learning method, achievement motivation and learning activities on student achievement. Keywords: Demonstrations, experiments, motivation, activities and accomplishments


it due to a reduction of risk factors, and which ones? Investigations are in progress to find this out-a register of incidence of acute myocardial infarction in the Hunter Valley of New South Wales, further analyses in the same Perth population as in 1971, and sample surveys of prevalence of, and reduction of, risk factors in a number of Australian cities. The results of these studies together with those of the National Blood Pressure Study, the continuing experience in coronary artery surgery, new approaches to limiting the extent of damaged heart tissues in heart attack, and preventing recurrences, all present a prospect of real benefits in the short term which we could not have conceived in 1960.


If you take the keystone from an arch, it falls apart. However, does the same happen when you remove a species from its ecological community? This question has intrigued scientists for centuries, and examples of "very important species" in natural, urban, and agricultural systems abound. Looking at this problem from another perspective, one might say that ecology would not be the same if one central concept were removed from its literature: keystone species. In two seminal papers published in 1966 and 1969, the American ecologist Robert T. Paine (b. 1933–d. 2016) defined a keystone as a species whose activities greatly modify "the composition and physical appearance" of its community. He proposed an experimental approach to the problem and transformed the quest for keystones into one of the most prolific ecological research programs. Since then, at least 1,658 papers recorded on Web of Science (consulted on 4 September 2018, using the expression "keystone species") focused on testing, refining, or expanding the keystone species concept. Those papers were cited 60,754 times by 48,309 other papers published in 845 journals, and the number of citations keeps growing. It is hard to think of any other topic in ecology, a field marked by constant changes in focus, which drew so much attention for such a long time. In Paine's original experiments, the keystones were starfish and gastropods that preyed on other marine invertebrates, weaving complex webs of direct and indirect effects that regulate the abundances of all other species in the community. This metaphor was expanded in the next decades to several other species from a myriad of taxa in a multitude of contexts, from prairie dogs to fruiting trees and even humans. This boom raised much controversy related to which criteria should be used to label a species a keystone. Even the original interpretation of Paine's experiments has been cast in doubt due to issues of replicability. Nevertheless, there is a consensus that the keystone species concept has at least high heuristic value. Moreover, it is supported by empirical evidence accumulated over the decades. Now studied under different theoretical frameworks, such as community ecology, ecosystem engineers, and ecological networks, it remains a hot topic. The keystone species concept led to significant developments in many different fields and may be considered a theoretical framework on its own. In this bibliography, the origins of the concept are retraced, as well as its development and current usage.


The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) 11+ Kids Injury Prevention Program was developed and shown to effectively reduce football-related injuries in numerous studies. The aim of this study was to assess the awareness, implementation, and opinion of children's football coaches worldwide regarding the FIFA 11+ Kids Injury Prevention Program efficacy using a self-administered questionnaire. Six hundred children's football coaches were invited through their local Football Federations to complete the online survey consisted of questions relating to awareness, implementation, and coaches' opinions of the FIFA 11+ Kids Injury Prevention Program. A total of 486 children's soccer coaches completed the survey. The survey was available in different languages. A total of 202 (41.6%) of the children's football coaches reported awareness of the FIFA 11+ Kids Injury Prevention Program and 155 (31.9%) reported implementing the FIFA 11+ Kids Injury Prevention Program in their current practice. Participants who reported implementation of the FIFA 11+ Kids Injury Prevention Program also reported a positive attitude towards program efficacy, with a score of 8.19±0.88 out of 10. To conclude, there is a need for further efforts and research to increase international awareness and implementation of the FIFA 11+ Kids Injury Prevention Program.


The utility model relates to a fire prevention jacket of an electric furnace, which is a rectangular insulating plate (1). The middle part of one side wall of the insulating plate is provided with semi-round grooves (2), and side walls of the insulating plate are respectively provided with a hole (3) running through the side walls. The insulating plate (1) is compounded by multi-layers of phlogopite paper among which organic silica gel layers (5) are filled. The fire prevention jacket of the electric furnace is compounded by multi-layers of phlogopite papers and the insulation grade of the phlogopite is grade C; the phlogopite paper bonds together by the organic silica gel, has good heat resistance performance and can bear high temperature of 700 DEG C or more; insulation performance is good, and industry frequency dielectric intensity can achieve 20KV/mm, which fully meet working requirements for an electric arc furnace and a refining furnace. Service life is three to five times longer than that of traditional shell-lac or phenolic insulating materials. At least two semi-round grooves (2) are arranged on the side wall of the insulating plate of the fire prevention jacket of the electric furnace and are positioned at the same side of the side wall.


Ozet
Bu arastirmanin amaci Houghton ve Neck (2002) tarafindan gelistirilen Kendi Kendine (Oz) Liderlik olceginin egitim orgutleri icin uyarlanan Turkce formunun gecerlik ve guvenirlik calismalarini yapmaktir. Olcek formunun gecerlik ve guvenirlik calismalari, 2013-2014 egitim-ogretim yilinda ve arastirmaya gonullu katilan birbirinden bagimsiz iki calisma grubunun gorusleri alinarak gerceklestirilmistir. Birinci calisma grubu 259 ogretmenden; ikinci calisma grubu ise 225 ogretmenden olusmaktadir. Birinci calisma grubundan alinan verilerle yapilan Acimlayici Faktor Analizi (AFA) sonucunda, analize alinan 29 maddenin toplam varyansin %63.18'ini acikladigi, maddelerin faktor yuklerinin .47 ile .84 arasinda degistigi, belirlenmistir. AFA sonucunda elde edilen dokuz faktorlu yapinin test edilmesi icin ikinci calisma grubundan elde edilen verilerle Dogrulayici Faktor Analizi (DFA) yapilmistir. Dogrulayici faktor analizi sonucunda elde edilen modelin ozgun olcek olan Houghton ve Neck (2002) tarafindan gelistirilen Kendi Kendine (Oz) Liderlik olceginin modeli ile benzer oldugu sonucuna ulasilmistir. Guvenirlik calismalari kapsaminda yapilan analizler sonucunda, Cronbach Alpha ic tutarlilik katsayilari, dokuz boyut icin sirasiyla .70, .75, .72, .67, .75, .75, .69, .71, .72 olarak hesaplanmistir. Yapilan gecerlik ve guvenilirlik calismalari sonucunda kendi kendine (oz) liderlik olceginin egitim orgutleri icin uyarlanan Turkce formunun ogretmenlerin kendi kendine (oz) liderlik ozelliklerini olcmede kullanilabilecek gecerli ve guvenilir bir olcme araci oldugu yonunde kanitlara ulasilmistir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Kendi kendine (oz) liderlik, ogretmen, olcek uyarlama, gecerlik, guvenirlik

Extended Abstract

Introduction: The paper aims to carry out the validity and reliability analyses of the Turkish version, adapted for educational organizations, of Self Leadership Scale developed by Houghton and Neck (2002). Self-leadership means a process of self-influence including self-motivation and one's directing himself/herself to accomplish or realize something. This type of leadership is also described as a process encompassing controlling, influencing and directing own behaviors by means of special behavior sets and cognitive strategies. The self-leadership process includes three important strategies, that is (a) behavior-focused strategies, (b) natural reward strategies and (c) constructive thought pattern strategies.
Method: The reliability and validity analyses regarding the scale adapted for educational organizations in Turkish culture and language were carried out by gathering the opinions of two independent working groups, both composed of participants working in Malatya during 2013-2014 academic year and all voluntarily participated into the study.
As data collection tool in this study was used the Turkish from, adapted for educational organizations, of Self Leadership Scale developed by Houghton and Neck (2002). The self-leadership scale is composed of behavior-focused strategies, natural reward strategies and constructive thought pattern strategies and nine sub dimensions. There are a total of 35 items in the scale. First an EFA was carried out, then a CFA was carried out to test model – data fit regarding the factor structure revealed out of EFA. As for the reliability, corrected item-total correlation coefficients and Cronbach's alpha coefficients of internal consistency were calculated.
Findings: As a result of analyses, it was found out that there exist 29 items in the scale and these items are grouped under nine sub dimensions as they are in the original scale. Items in the analyses explain 63,18 % of the variance and factor loadings vary between .47 and .84. Communalities of factors explained vary between .49 and .77. In addition, corrected item-total correlation coefficients were calculated to test item validity ant homogeneity. The corrected item-total correlation coefficients of the scale for the data gathered out of the first working group vary between 37 and .68.
A CFA was carried out to test model – data fit regarding the factor structure revealed out of EFA. The goodness of fit values for CFA are as follows: X2/df=1.85, GFI=0.94, AGFI=0.90, NNFI/TLI=0.92, CFI= 0.94, RMSEA=0.062, RMR=0.027, SRMR=0.063. Confirmatory factor analysis results revealed that the model obtained is similar to that of the original scale model for Self-leadership Scale developed by Houghton and Neck (2002). As a result of the reliability analyses, as a result of analysis for the data of the first working group, the Cronbach's alpha coefficients of internal consistency for nine subscales were calculated as .70, .75, .72, .67, .75, .75, .69, .71 and .72 respectively.
Discussion and Conclusion: As a result of the validity and reliability analyses, in the final form of the scale are 29 items and nine sub dimensions. Self-leadership stands as one of the leadership approaches playing a prominent role both on individual performance and organizational performance. In Self leadership, everyone takes energy from his/her own leadership styles. According to this approach, new criteria of leaders are considered to be "to determine their own future right" and "to recognize own skills and develop them to the highest level".
Each item in the scale is evaluated and analyzed on a Likert-type scale, which consists of options "1 = Never", "2 = Rarely," "3 = Sometimes", "4 = Often", "5 = Always". Based on the findings of the validity and reliability analyses, it was obtained proofs regarding the fact that the Turkish version of the Self-leadership Scale adapted for educational organizations is a valid and reliable tool to measure the self-leadership characteristics and qualities of teachers.

Keywords: Self-leadership, teacher, scale adaptation, validity, reliability


According to the present situation of engineering postgraduates' cultivation, the necessity and the practical significance of the postgraduates' training mode based on university- enterprise cooperation are indicated in this paper. This training mode of postgraduates is proposed and the practical effect of this training mode that is applied to the postgraduates of mechatronic engineering at Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology is also summarized.


Sensing of invading DNA virus genomes appear to be triggered by a number of host cell DNA sensors depending on their subcellular localization which stimulate innate anti-viral responses such as the activation of type-I interferons (IFNs) and/or inflammasomes resulting in the  production of inflammatory IL-1β and IL-18 cytokines. With growing understanding of diverse identities whether these proteins function alone or  with other host cell molecules and the post-translational modifications affecting their functions are under intense investigations. Nuclear resident IFI16 have been shown to sense the episomal DNA genomes of herpes viruses resulting in the induction of IFI16-inflammasome and/or interferon responses. Here, we highlight our recent finding regarding the role of cellular  BRCA1, a transcription factor and DNA damage response protein, forming a distinct complex with IFI16 to regulate the nuclear innate sensing of herpes viral DNA and subsequent IFI16-ASC-procaspase-1 inflammasome complex formation and distribution to the cytoplasm leading into caspase-1 and IL-1β production. BRCA1 is also responsible for the cytoplasmic IFI16-STING signalosome activation and induction of IFN-β during de novo KSHV and HSV-1 infection. Our concurrent studies have also revealed that the histone acetyl transferase p300 mediated acetylation of nuclear IFI16 is a dynamic post-genome recognition event responsible for Ran dependent nuclear to cytoplasmic trafficking of IFI16 during herpesvirus infection. This post-translational modification is essential for IFI16-ASC interaction and inflammasome activation as well as for the association with STING in the cytoplasm resulting in IRF-3 phosphorylation, nuclear pIRF-3 localization and interferon-β production. Collectively, these comprehensive studies highlight that BRCA1 plays a hitherto unidentified immunomodulatory role to facilitate the anti-viral functions of IFI16 and acetylation of nuclear IFI16 is a necessary post-translational modification for innate responses during herpesvirus infection. These studies open up a new understanding of virus-host interplay, viral genome sensing and host innate anti-viral defense mechanisms.


Un appel a contribution est ouvert pour un panel du 12eme colloque EASR, Indic traditions in the West: Seekership, Spirituality and Healing, 3-6 septembre 2013, Liverpool.  A wide variety of Indic traditions (traditions and practices of Indian origin including, most significantly, forms of postural and meditational yoga, tantra, chanting, and ayurvedic healing practices) circulate today within transnational networks of cosmopolitan spiritual seekership. These traditions are promoted by entrep...


Wheat powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) and stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis Westend f. sp. tritici) restrict wheat production in southwest China. Nitrogen fertilizers may influence outbreaks of these wheat diseases where wheat/faba beans are intercropped. To clarify how intercropping and varying nitrogen levels influence wheat powdery mildew and stripe rust and their relationship with crop yield, two consecutive field experiments were conducted from 2015 to 2017. Three cropping regimens (monocropped wheat, monocropped faba beans, and intercropped wheat/faba beans) and four nitrogen levels [N0 (0 kg⋅ha–1), N1 (90 kg⋅ha–1), N2 (180 kg⋅ha–1), and N3 (270 kg⋅ha–1)] were evaluated. In two consecutive planting seasons, the incidence and disease index of powdery mildew and stripe rust increased, while the disease index was more affected by nitrogen levels than their incidence. Both diseases were most prevalent at the N3 level. Compared with monocropping, intercropping (N0–N3 levels) reduced the incidence of powdery mildew by 2.8–37.0% and disease index by 15.5–47.4%, increased the relative control effect by 10.7–56.2 and 16.3–47.2%, reduced the incidence of stripe rust by 2.9–42.7% and disease index by 8.3–42.2%, and increased the relative control effect by 5.9–43.7 and 8.8–42.1%. The relative control efficacy of intercropping was most affected by N2 level. Intercropping yield increased with increasing nitrogen by 25.0–46.8%, and overall land equivalent ratio (LER) was 1.30–1.39. The correlation coefficient between disease index and wheat yield for both diseases was −0.7429 to −0.9942, a significant negative correlation, most significant at N1. Nitrogen regulation in intercropped wheat/faba beans can control powdery mildew and stripe rust, and optimize wheat yield. Intercropping at 180 kg ha–1 N2 resulted in the highest yield.


Ethoxythiocarbonyl hydrazide (Heth) forms complexes of the types [Ni(Hethh]CI2• [Co(Hethh]CI 3• M(Heth)CI2 [M = Cu(II), Zn(II)] and M(ethh.xH20 [M = Mn(II). Fe(II). Co(II), Ni(II). Cu(II) and Zn(II); x = 2 for Fe(II) & 0 for others]. Magnetic and electronic spectral studies suggest tetrahedral geometry for Co(ethh; octahedral geometry for Fe(ethh,2H20. Ni(HethhCl 2 and Co(HethhCl 3; and square-planar geometry for Ni(ethh and Cu(eth)2' Infrared spectral studies show neutral/uninegative bidentate behaviour of the ligand; the bonding sites are terminal nitrogen and sulphur. Co(III). Ni(II) and Cu(II) chloride complexes have been found to exhibit pronounced antifungal activity against A-flavus and H-sporium.


This issue of African Digital Media Review addresses a wide range of concerns from the role of social media in politics, user participatory practices and engagement on the web to implications of media censorship and ethical concerns. These are intricately related issues that collectively point to the social contingency of communication practices within the African context. As, elsewhere, consequences and manifestations of communication practices, particularly as they relate to the appropriation of digital technologies are largely seen to be a result of intersecting chains of causal mechanisms as well as stochastic happenings that are generally not predictable. Phillip Santos uses thematic and frame analysis to closely examine social interactions between Zimbabwe's two dominant ethno-linguistic groups, the Shona and Ndebele, on Facebook against the backdrop of a highly divisive post-independence genocide. He comes to a conceptual conclusion that in volatile and traumatic experiences such as genocides, Habermas's 'discourse ethics' can provide a useful framework for guiding online discursive encounters between conflicting citizens.


The use of filters for image processing has long existed and is well established within industrial practice and in academia. The wide-spread adoption of machine learning into industrial spaces, however, has presented opportunities for the use of machine learning and artificial intelligence applications to be further developed and researched in relation to image processing. This paper aims to identify three of the main types of filters used in the machine learning process and to test their ability for target recognition of a basic/standard industry part.


The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance, the apparent digestibility, the urea excretion, nitrogen balance and the microbial ruminal synthesis in steers (5/8 Holstein-Zebu). Thirty-eight animals with an initial average weight of 320 ± 32 kg and 24 ± 2 months old were distributed randomly in individual pens. The animals were assigned to completely randomized design and initial body weight was used as a covariate in the statistical model. The trial lasted 84 days. The treatments were: 1 - 60% of spineless cactus (SC) + 38% of sorghum silage corrected with urea (SSU) (3% of urea) + 0% of cottonseed meal (CM); 2 - 60% of SC + 26.5% of SSU (1.5% of urea) + 11.5% of CM; 3 - 60% of SC + 15% of sorghum silage + 23% of CM. The treatments had no effect on the intake and digestibility of dry matter and organic matter. The association of cottonseed to diet resulted in greater body weight gain and better feed conversion (31%). The animals fed with high proportion of sorghum silage associate to spineless cactus as base of diet excreted less nitrogen urinary and fecal. The experimental diets had no effect on the ruminal microbial protein synthesis. We recommended 26.5 and 11.5% of sorghum silage corrected with urea and cottonseed meal, respectively, associated to spineless cactus in diets for dairy steers, with less concentrate ingredients in the diet.


Can a performance be analysed as a textual practice? Starting from this question, the article tries to describe the effets du sens (meaning effects) of some of the work of Marina Abramović, a Serbian performer and visual artist. From the 1970s, when the so-called body art emerged as a visual genre, offering the artist's body as a naked site of inscription, up to the present, when performing has become a more playful and direct transmission of energy between the doer and the viewer, the work of Abramović represents an effective and powerful example of the body-as-a-text in which subjectivity can be re-expressed and reinvented through the transformations of the relation between time and space. In the strong relationship created between the performer and the audience, what is enacted is a translation–transduction of material and cognitive meanings that results in a redefinition of a subjective and, simultaneously, collective experience of identity.


Objectives. The aim of this bio-behavioral longitudinal study was to assess the association between dynamics of SEM use and risky sexual behavior among Croatian adolescents. Methods. The data were collected during 2015-2018 period (n = 577). Controlling for sensation seeking, socioeconomic status and pubertal timing, latent growth curve modeling with three observation points was used. Results. Male adolescents' initial SEM use was related to sexual risk taking growth in the following months. Among female adolescents, SEM use and sexual risk taking were related only at the initial point. Conclusions. Our findings suggest different developmental phases when addressing the target relationship.


Relates to the p53 protein, and the prevention and treatment of cancer A pharmaceutical composition comprising a fusion protein, the p16 protein is combined. According to the pharmaceutical composition according to one embodiment, it is possible to effectively prevent or treat the cancer.


In this paper, we study the physical properties and characteristics of matter forming thin accretion disks in static and spherically symmetric wormhole spacetimes. In particular, the time averaged energy flux, the disk temperature, and the emission spectra of the accretion disks are obtained for these exotic geometries and are compared with the Schwarzschild solution. It is shown that more energy is emitted from the disk in a wormhole geometry than in the case of the Schwarzschild potential and the conversion efficiency of the accreted mass into radiation is more than a factor of 2 higher for the wormholes than for static black holes. These effects in the disk radiation are confirmed in the radial profiles of temperature corresponding to theses flux distributions, and in the emission spectrum {omega}L({omega}) of the accretion disks. We conclude that specific signatures appear in the electromagnetic spectrum, thus leading to the possibility of distinguishing wormhole geometries by using astrophysical observations of the emission spectra from accretion disks.


Despite their scarcity due to synthetic challenges, supertetrahedron-based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) possess intriguing architectures, diverse functionalities, and superb properties that make them in-demand materials. Employing a new window-space-directed assembly strategy, a family of mesoporous zeolitic MOFs have been constructed herein from corner-shared supertetrahedra based on homometallic or heterometallic trimers [M3(OH/O)(COO)6] (M3 = Co3, Ni3 or Co2Ti). These MOFs consisted of close-packed truncated octahedral cages possessing a sodalite topology and large β-cavity mesoporous cages (∼22 Å diameter) connected by ultramicroporous apertures (∼5.6 Å diameter). Notably, the supertetrahedron-based sodalite topology MOF combined with the Co2Ti trimer exhibited high thermal and chemical stability as well as the ability to efficiently separate acetylene (C2H2) from carbon dioxide (CO2).


Dynamical many-body freezing occurs in periodic transverse field-driven integrable quantum spin systems. Under resonance conditions, quantum dynamics causes practically infinite hysteresis in the drive response, maintaining its starting value. We find similar resonant freezing in the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick (LMG) model. In the LMG, the resonance conditions in the driving field suppresses the heating postulated by the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) by inducing Dynamical Many Body Localization, or DMBL. This is in contrast to Many Body Localization (MBL), which requires disorder to suppress ETH. DMBL has been validated by the Inverse Participation Ratio (IPR) of the quasi-stationary Floquet modes. Similarly to the TFIM, the LMG exhibits high-frequency localization only at the resonances. IPR localization in the LMG deteriorates with an inverse system size law at lower frequencies, which indicates heating to infinite temperature. Furthermore, adiabatically increasing frequency and amplitude from low values raises the Floquet state IPR in the LMG from nearly zero to unity, indicating a phase crossover. This occurrence enables a future technique to construct an MBL engine in clean systems that can be cycled by adjusting drive parameters only.


Background. Covid-19, conjointly referred to as severe acute metabolism syndrome appeared in December 2019 by a new Corona virus. The virus originated from Wuhan, the capital of China's Hubei Province and unfold everywhere the globe and have become a worldwide pandemic due to lack of cure.
Aim:To study the association of ABO Blood Group, Rh, Age and gender with and COVID-19 infection.
Material and methods. This retrospective study was conducted after the approval college research committee of Teerthanker Mahaveer medical college and research center. The study period of this study is from 12 March 2021 to 12 March 2022. The current research included 3000 Covid-19 patients confirmed by RTPCR test and admitted in the Teerthanker Mahaveer University Hospital, Moradabad. Covid -19 positive patient's age, gender, ABO blood group, Rh factor and personal data was collected from the medical record department.
Results. The most common blood group affected was B+ (1,119, 37.3%) followed by O+ (729, 24.3%), A+ (653, 21.8%), AB+ (330, 11.0%), B- (77, 2.6%), O- (36, 1.2%), A-(36, 1.2%) and AB- (20, 0.7%). Among study population, 69 (2.3%) belonged to 1-10 years, 157 (5.2%) belonged to 11-20 years, 727 (24.2%) belonged to 21-30 years, 479 (16.0%) belonged to 31-40 years, 455 (15.2%) belonged to 41-50 years, 584 (19.5%) belonged to 51-60 years, 377 (12.6%) belonged to 61-70 years, 114 (3.8%) belonged to 71-80 years and 38 (1.3%) belonged to above 80 years. The study population consisted of 1,811 (60.4%) males and 1,189 (39.6%) females.
Conclusions. The findings of this study are In our study we found that age group that was most vulnerable was 21-30 years. We also observed that Males were affected more as compared to females and the blood group that was affected most was B positive and least numbers of patients affected are of AB negative blood group.


AbstractOn the occasion of a new exhibition, the characterization of the corrosion products of sixteenthand seventeenth-century pieces of armour belonging to the Armoury of the Ravenna National Museum was undertaken. The study, carried out in order to choose a suitable method of restoration, revealed the presence of considerable amounts of chlorine, indicating that corrosion processes were still active. To reduce the risk of further degradation, the corrosion products must be removed. A mechanical cleaning technique was chosen and several methods were tested. The airbrasive process provided both a highly selective technical capacity and the ability to approach the problem with care.


In the context of this dissertation, the macroscopic study of the building materials and the
pathology of the Holy Temple of Agios Nikolaos Ragava was carried out. Initially, some general
theoretical data are reported for the types of temples that prevailed during the 11th century but
also for the area of Plaka through the use of topographic plans. Then, the historical data
concerning the temple are given, as well as the search for the genealogical tree of the Ragava
family for their association with the monument. The stones that have been used in the
construction of the temple are presented, as well as their exact placement through their
petrographic mappings. There is also a detailed description of the church building of Agios
Nikolaos Ragava using architectural and photographic material. In addition, the mortars and
coatings that have been used in the monument are mentioned using bibliographic references to
explain their composition and categories, while at the same time they are captured
photographically and cartographically. Reference is also made to the ceramic elements of the
church that adorn the masonry. After the completion of the second chapter, the deterioration
factors of the monument are presented with an explanation with design and photographic
material for the exact indication of the points that have been damaged. The subchapters
mentioned have been analyzed both in terms of the monument and in terms of their theoretical
background. The following are the general principles of maintenance in relation to the restoration
of buildings as well as the role of the conservator in this project. In conclusion, the conditions for
the use of the restoration materials are examined and also the maintenance proposals for the
case of the Holy Temple of Agios Nikolaos Ragava


Ethanolic extracts of 69 native and introduced plant species in Greece were applied on the first leaf of young cucumber plants, 2-3 days before artificial inoculation with a conidia suspension of Sphaerotheca fuliginea, in order to test their efficacy against powdery mildew of cucumbers. Extracts of Cassia septentrionalis and C. x floribunda flowers and pods at the concentration of 2.5 % (w/v) highly reduced the percentage leaf coverage by the pathogen. The EC 50 and EC 95 values of all Cassia pod and flower extracts were determined. In additional trials, it was shown that all Cassia extracts were more effective against the pathogen by preventive application. The obtained data clearly show the antifungal properties of C septentrionalis and C. x floribunda flower and pod extracts in the cucumber-S. fuliginea pathosystem.


Objective:To establish fibroblasts stably expressing human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (hBMP2). Methods:Eukaryonic expression vector(pcDNA3.1-B2) was transduced into NIH3T3 cells using SofastTM, a new generation cationic polymer gene transfection reagent. The positive cell clones were selected with G418. The stable transfection and expression of BMP2 in the NIH3T3 cells were determined by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical stain. Results: BMP2 mRNA was transcripted and expressed in the transfected NIH3T3 cells. Conclusion: With positive compound transfection, outside human BMP2 gene can be successfully transducted into NIH3T3 cells, which is the key step to induce periodontal cells to osseous phenotypes.


Background:  Cognitive impairment secondary to frontal lobe atrophy exists in 40–60% of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) cases. We aimed to determine the prevalence of frontal‐lobe mediated behavioral impairment in (ALS) and to ascertain its relationship to cognitive impairment.


The standardization of cooking technological operations represents the basic measurements and realization ways for the rapid development of culinary science, and at the same time it reflects the inevitable requirements of marketing economic development as well. The characteristics of manual operations formed in the longtime development period of Chinese cuisine bring forth many obvious uncertainties in the connection with the cooking technological operations, appraisal standards and methods of culinary products and so on. Therefore, how to facilitate the standardization of cooking operations has become an important work in the developing process of culinary science.


2011;139;1148-1155; Prepublished online September 23, 2010; Chest Allan J. Walkey, Max R. O'Donnell and Renda Soylemez Wiener Controlled Trials Pneumonia : A Meta-analysis of Randomized Nosocomial Staphylococcus aureus Methicillin-Resistant Treatment of Suspected Linezolid vs Glycopeptide Antibiotics for the http://chestjournal.chestpubs.org/content/139/5/1148.full.html services can be found online on the World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and ISSN:0012-3692 ) http://chestjournal.chestpubs.org/site/misc/reprints.xhtml ( written permission of the copyright holder. this article or PDF may be reproduced or distributed without the prior Dundee Road, Northbrook, IL 60062. All rights reserved. No part of Copyright2011by the American College of Chest Physicians, 3300 Physicians. It has been published monthly since 1935. is the official journal of the American College of Chest Chest


Significance Biological cells, including fungal spores, pollen grains, and insect cuticles have evolved diverse micron-scaled surface patterns. Inspired by the pollen grain patterning mechanism, here, we report the synthesis of a variety of pollen-like, patterned liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) microparticles using microfluidics and reveal that an energetically downhill biological mechanism can be leveraged to offer facile methods for synthesis. Within a droplet, the short-chain liquid crystal polymers, referred to as liquid crystal oligomers (LCOs), phase-separate from an organic solvent, LCOs phase-segregate by chain lengths, and the LCO chains align perpendicularly at interface, followed by photopolymerization. All of these contribute to the formation of robust, uniform-sized pollen-like microparticles with diverse but controllable patterns from a single material system. A ubiquitous structural feature in biological systems is texture in extracellular matrix that gains functions when hardened, for example, cell walls, insect scales, and diatom tests. Here, we develop patterned liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) particles by recapitulating the biophysical patterning mechanism that forms pollen grain surfaces. In pollen grains, a phase separation of extracellular material into a pattern of condensed and fluid-like phases induces undulations in the underlying elastic cell membrane to form patterns on the cell surface. In this work, LCE particles with variable surface patterns were created through a phase separation of liquid crystal oligomers (LCOs) droplet coupled to homeotropic anchoring at the droplet interface, analogously to the pollen grain wall formation. Specifically, nematically ordered polydisperse LCOs and isotropic organic solvent (dichloromethane) phase-separate at the surface of oil-in-water droplets, while, different LCO chain lengths segregate to different surface curvatures simultaneously. This phase separation, which creates a distortion in the director field, is in competition with homeotropic anchoring induced by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). By tuning the polymer chemistry of the system, we are able to influence this separation process and tune the types of surface patterns in these pollen-like microparticles. Our study reveals that the energetically favorable biological mechanism can be leveraged to offer simple yet versatile approaches to synthesize microparticles for mechanosensing, tissue engineering, drug delivery, energy storage, and displays.


When an electrical field is applied to a piezoelectric material, the material becomes mechanically strained. If this material is then bonded to a structure, this strain has an accompanying stress, and this can be used to introduce control forces into the structure. The paper considers this method of actuation by experimentally evaluating the use of piezoelectric plates for the purposes of controlling free and forced vibration in a cantilever beam. The control provided by measurements based on acceleration and strain rate is evaluated.


The variability of the total solar radio flux at five wavelengths, namely, 3 cm, 8 cm, 10.7 cm, IS cm and 30 cm have been studied over 21st and 22nd solar cycles (1975-1991). The background component at these wavelengths has been estimated by eliminating the contribution of active regions on the measured total radio flux. This radiation is generally caused by thermal emission of the solar atmosphere and originates mostly from the chromosphere. The study of quiet sun radiation is of considerable importance since it helps to obtain the information on the electron density and temperature for different layers of the solar atmosphere. The present results indicate that at centimetric wavelengths the 'quiet' sun flux density and temperatures at the maximum activity are higher than the correspo~ding values at the minimum activity.


Introduction / William D. Spaulding -- The bottleneck of attention : connecti thought with motivation / Herbert A. Simon -- Domains of behavior from a neuropsychological perspective : the whole story / Muriel D. Lezak -- The stories of the right hemisphere / Howard Gardner -- Environmental control of goal-directed action : automatic and strategic contingencies between situati and behavior / John A. Bargh and Peter M. Gollwitzer -- Social intelligence intelligent goal pursuit : a cognitive slice of motivation / Nancy Cantor an William Fleeson -- A motivational theory of psychopathology / Don C. Fowles Abstracts for poster presentations -- Subject index -- Author index.


As a post-process technique for eliminating the polarisation-dependent loss (PDL) and birefringence (PDλ) of a conventionally-fabricated arrayed-waveguide grating, a method is proposed of adaptable thermal quenching in a few sessions of quenching below the glass transition temperature of the overclad silica layer. The PDL and PDλ can be reduced significantly down to 0.23 dB and below 0.01 nm, respectively, in at most three quenching sessions.


In this issue of Leukemia and Lymphoma, Fu et al. [1] describe a patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a novel missense mutation (P2439L) in the PEST domain of Notch-1 that was not constitutional as evidenced by its absence in remission. They demonstrate increased downstream Notch signaling through HES-1 expression, and show this was the only one of 12 AML samples to express intracellular Notch (ICN) protein, suggesting that the mutation may have activating properties. This is the first report of a potentialy activating mutation of Notch-1 in AML and prompts further study of Notch signaling in AML. Notch-1 is indispensable for embryonic development, primarily governing binary cell fate decisions of a diverse range of organs, including those involved in normal hematopoetic development. A myriad of publications have implicated Notch in tumorgenesis, where it can function as either tumor-suppressor or as oncogene, dependent on cell context. For example, in mammalian skin Notch inhibition can lead to basal cell carcinoma. Conversely, in mammary cells Notch appears to have tumorgenic potential, stimulating interest in the therapeutic use of Notch inhibitors for the treatment of breast cancer. Notch-1 is expressed in all hematopoietic cells, where its best-characterized function is in directing common lymphoid progenitors towards a T-cell fate. This is exemplified by the complete absence of T-cell development in Notch-1 knockout mouse models, and the accumulation of T-cells and eventual development of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) in mice transduced with constitutively activated Notch-1 [2]. The first indication that aberrant Notch signaling might be involved in the pathogenesis of leukemia came in 1991 with the description of three pediatric patients with T-ALL harbouring a t(7;9) translocation, where the TCR-b promoter was shown to drive unregulated intracellular Notch-1 (ICN) expression. [3] Although the translocation is rare in T-ALL, Weng et al. [4] have since described activating mutations of Notch-1 in 56% of pediatric T-ALL patients, and a similar incidence is seen in adults. Their presence in pediatric patients appears to be associated with a thymic phenotype, and carries a good prognosis, with less clear-cut ramifications for adults. Notch receptors are single-pass type I transmembrane proteins that undergo two proteolytic steps after ligand binding, first by an ADAM (a distintegrin and metalloprotease) in the extracellular region, followed by g-secretase-mediated cleavage inside the transmembrane domain, liberating ICN to translocate to the nucleus. Conformational integrity of the heterodimerization domain (HD) of Notch-1 is required to prevent ligand-independent cleavage, and many of the activating mutations described thus far in T-ALL affect highly conserved regions of this domain. Additionally, a variety of mutations, typically out of frame insertions and/or deletions, have been found in the PEST domain leading to a truncated protein with longer intracellular half-life. Interestingly, when both HD and PEST domain mutations occur in cis, as occurs in some 20% of T-ALL patients, there is marked synergistic activation [4]. So why implicate aberrant Notch signaling in AML, when it has such a clearly defined role in T-ALL? Until recently, it was thought that pTa, which is involved in formation of the pre-T-cell receptor complex, was indispensable to Notchinduced tumorgenesis [5] and critics have argued that the low pTa expression seen in AML precluded Notch from playing a major role in its pathogenesis.


A lower bound given by Feynman for the quantum mechanical free energy of an oscillator is proved, refined, and generalized. The method, application of a classical inequality to path integrals, also gives upper bounds for one‐temperature Green's functions.


The technology transfer is part of the innovation process and has the role of contributing to local and national economic development. As a form of insertion in the National Innovation System, this study was made with the goal of presenting how the technology transfer is being made in the CDTN. Based on a survey carried out by the NIT-CDTN of the technologies developed in the institution, a portfolio of key information on technologies developed was made with the main objective of evaluating those technologies, using the degree of maturity and economic interest to classify them. CDTN technologies have a reasonable potential for generating value, yet they need technological maturity to achieve the transfer to the market. The study carried out by NIT-CDTN shows that CDTN already has a good set of tools to promote high quality technological innovation. The Technology Readiness Level (TRL) was used to evaluate the maturity level of technologies with higher transfer potential. To ensure the success of the transfer, it is necessary to consolidate the methodology to include key aspects such as valuation, market research and adaptation of existing methodologies according to the need of the institution and the market. To conclude, it is perceived that the ideal would be to invest in the most promising technologies to have a breakthrough for the pilot scale.


An allegorical metonymy [...] says something other than what it says and manifests the other [allos]. --Jacques Derrida, Memoires for Paul de Man Echo thus lets be heard [laisse alors entendre] by who-ever wants to hear it, by whoever might love hearing it, something other than what she seems to be saying. --Jacques Derrida, Rogues: Two Essays on Reason In the 1989 interview with Jean-Luc Nancy, '"Eating Well,' or the Calculation of the Subject," Derrida suggests that it would be possible "to reconstruct a discourse around a subject that would not be pre-deconstructive, around a subject that would no longer include a figure of mastery of self, of adequation to self, center and origin of the world [...], but which would define the subject rather as a finite experience of non-identity to self, as the underivable interpellation insomuch as it comes from the other, from the trace of the other, with all the paradoxes or the aporia of being-before-the-law" (266). If one were to attempt such a feat--to reconstruct a non-pre-deconstructive discourse about the "subject"--it would be necessary to return to the scene, where the "self," the "ipse," the "I," is inaugurated. As I have tried to demonstrate elsewhere ("The Impossible Incorporation of Narcissus"), Derrida locates the coming to be of any "self" within the paradoxical logic of narcissism, which is inextricably bound up with an experience of mourning. Derrida's Narcissus, condemned as he is to blindness, must mourn not only the other whom he can never wholly appropriate but also his own autonomy. Yet, like a blind man feeling his way in the dark, he will ceaselessly attempt to sketch his own portrait, to trace his own image. And, even though each gesture of narcissistic reappropriation is destined to fail, such gestures must be attempted, time and again, if there is to be any relation to the other, any love, any hospitality. This "all-powerful logic of narcissism," which is staged and enacted as an "experience of the gaze," finds a parallel in the experience of voice in the figure of Echo (Derrida, Touching 291). On the final page of "By Force of Mourning" an essay dedicated to the thought of Louis Marin, Derrida links the gaze with voice, Narcissus with Echo, as two modes of and two names for self-relation. "One knows," Derrida writes, "that the relation to oneself, that Narcissus himself, gazes at himself only from the gaze of the other, and precedes himself, answering only for himself, only from the resonance of Echo"(164).If Narcissus is to hear himself speak, if he is to answer for himself, ironically he will have to do so through the "resonance of Echo." Before we can speak of Narcissus and "his" voice, it is necessary first to listen closely to Derrida's allegory of Echo. Since the appearance of Ovid's Metamorphoses, Echo has been heard incessantly miming, repeating, and sending back the words of Narcissus. And, with insistence, Derrida returns to the famous scene between Narcissus and Echo, repeating their story, time and again, as if he will say something new by echoing the poet's words. As we well recall, Echo was condemned by divine interdiction to reduplicate only a deformed or deficient discourse of the same. Thus it can be argued that Echo is nothing but voice, yet has no voice of her own, and that she is simply a reflecting surface for Narcissus, yet has no image herself. Echo, perhaps the paradigmatic figure of "woman," is but a mere resonance of man and seems to be truly an impossible figure. Why, then, does Derrida, in a number of his later texts and interviews, most notably Rogues: Two Essays on Reason, On Touching--Jean-Luc Nancy, The Work of Mourning, and Pregnances: Lavis de Colette Deble, as well as in the movie Derrida, recall and call upon the figure of Echo? This essay gives Derrida's rereading of the figure of Echo a fair hearing and, in listening to him recount Echo's story, attempts to allow her to speak again and otherwise. …


This thesis focusses on the preparation of bulky, NacNac-like bis(benzoxazol-2-yl)methane ligand platforms and their introduction to s-block metal coordination. Special focus is put on the synthesis of group 2 halide and -amide precursor compounds for subsequent reduction with alkali-metal reducing agents. First attempts to obtain reduced Mg(I) dimers are presented. All obtained compounds are thoroughly characterized. Moreover, the unprecedented synthesis of a solely O-coordinated organopotassium complex is discussed in detail, which exhibits a pronounced stability against hydrolysis.


Significance Linking mechanism and data to explain patterns of biodiversity is a central goal in ecology. Microbial communities provide new challenges in addressing this goal, among them the potential for novel ecological mechanisms at work and also the difficulty in applying an unambiguous species concept. Patterns of evolutionary history, or phylogenetic diversity, provide an alternative framework, circumventing the need to define microbial species. We document multiple patterns of phylogenetic diversity, finding striking and unexpected similarities in these patterns across habitats, and we find that these patterns are inconsistent with neutral biodiversity theory, which has been successful in describing patterns of species diversity for macroscopic organisms. Our results suggest that a new, alternative family of models provides a better description for microbes. Identifying the ecological and evolutionary mechanisms that determine biological diversity is a central question in ecology. In microbial ecology, phylogenetic diversity is an increasingly common and relevant means of quantifying community diversity, particularly given the challenges in defining unambiguous species units from environmental sequence data. We explore patterns of phylogenetic diversity across multiple bacterial communities drawn from different habitats and compare these data to evolutionary trees generated using theoretical models of biodiversity. We have two central findings. First, although on finer scales the empirical trees are highly idiosyncratic, on coarse scales the backbone of these trees is simple and robust, consistent across habitats, and displays bursts of diversification dotted throughout. Second, we find that these data demonstrate a clear departure from the predictions of standard neutral theories of biodiversity and that an alternative family of generalized models provides a qualitatively better description. Together, these results lay the groundwork for a theoretical framework to connect ecological mechanisms to observed phylogenetic patterns in microbial communities.


We investigate the relationships between two types of change-oriented leadership (transformational leadership and managerial openness) and subordinate improvement-oriented voice in a two-phase study. Findings from 3,149 employees and 223 managers in a restaurant chain indicate that openness is more consistently related to voice, given controls for numerous individual differences in subordinates' personality, satisfaction, and job demography. This relationship is shown to be mediated by subordinate perceptions of psychological safety, illustrating the importance of leaders in subordinate assessments of the risks of speaking up. Also, leadership behaviors have the strongest impact on the voice behavior of the best-performing employees.


This work consists of two sections. The main part, comprising about three-quarters of the whole, deals with the earliest times till c. A.D. 1500. It is followed by a brief section by Dr. De Iongh, who continues the history till 1630. Such an artificial separation within a continuous historical process has inevitable drawbacks in that developments around the borderline receive little attention. A more serious drawback, however, is the difference in approach between the two authors with Van Naerssen concentrating on political and administrative affairs, only occasionally touching on economics, and De Iongh confining himself to economic developments. There are other serious limitations, as economics is here confined to trade, with no discussion of land and agriculture, patterns of settlement, mining, coinage, industries, etc. There is even no discussion of transport and communications. The section dealing with the period before 1500 is highly original and concerns a hitherto neglected field of research. Van Naerssen has made a brave attempt to describe the way in which the principal ancient Indonesian states functioned, with emphasis on the contrast between the maritime states of Sumatra and the predominantly agrarian kingdoms of Java. Their economies were largely supplementary, a factor which promoted their interdependence as well as their stability. In his analysis of Old Javanese administration Van Naerssen rightly distinguishes between two levels: on the one hand, the king heading central government, on the other, local government in the hands of self-supporting villages. He does not, however, make it clear how these two levels of administration interacted. I also doubt whether he is right in assigning to members of the landed nobility, bearing titles introduced by rakai (rake), an important place in local government. In my view, their role was essentially a passive one, viz. that of enjoying the revenue of a number of villages. They cannot be regarded as chiefs of districts, as Van Naerssen seems to have thought, as the villages which they controlled did not form a geographical unit but were scattered in parts of central and eastern Java. Finally, it is doubtful whether it is correct to split rakai into raka i and translate this as "Raka of". The second section is less original. It is, in fact, little more than a summary of parts of the standard work by Meilink-Roelofsz dealing with exactly the same period. The author is vague on Asian trade and over-emphasizes the "mutual jealousies and rivalries" of the Muslim states. He does not explain why such rivalries led to their decline, whereas similar rivalries between Western powers did not interfere with the growth of the Dutch Company. Despite its shortcomings the present work will no doubt be widely used, if only because no other publication in this field is available.


Abstract In this study, we used a structural equation modeling method to investigate the relationship between systems engineers and engineering managers' Systems-Thinking (ST) skills preferences and their Personality Traits (PTs) in the domain of complex system problems. As organizations operate in more and more turbulent and complex environments, it has become increasingly important to assess the ST skills preferences and PTs of engineers. The current literature lacks studies related to the impact of systems engineers and engineering managers' PTs on their ST skills preferences, and this study aims to address this gap. A total of 99 engineering managers and 104 systems engineers provided the data to test four hypotheses posed in this study. The results show that the PTs of systems engineers and engineering managers have a positive impact on their level of ST skills preferences and that the education level, the current occupation type, and the managerial experience of the systems engineers and engineering managers moderate the main relationship in the study.


The widespread adoption of 'Design Patterns' heralded a revolution in the software industry, offering a catalog of designs that cut across lower-level concerns such as choice of programming language, platform etc. In a similar manner, we anticipate that the identification of "crosscutting abstractions" within metaheuristic theory and practice will afford new and unifying perspectives on a field that has become dominated by metaphor and is in danger of increasingly fragmentation. Despite this being the first MetaDeeP workshop, we are happy to say that there were a total of 15 submissions, of which 10 have been accepted. Each submission was reviewed by at least two program committee members. One of the main goals for this initial Workshop is to attempt consensus on what the metaheuristics community might usefully obtain from a pattern-based approach. To this end, the range of presentation topics is intentionally diverse, and includes: Metaheuristic applications of pre-existing design patterns (e.g., Composite, Template Method). New patterns specific to metaheuristics (e.g., Representative, Repair, Tagging). Methodological case studies (statistical testing and interactive fitness measures). The longer-term motivation behind the Workshop is twofold: Educational: In adopting a 'pattern-based' perspective, we're additionally seeking to decompose good research practice by cutting 'horizontally' across frameworks and methodologies, looking to abstract out aspects that have yet to be folded back into the mainstream. This can be seen as serving an educational purpose: "how best to convey the practicalities of metaheuristic engineering to the uninitiated?". Facilitating automation: the "Problem Statement" aspect of the design pattern format essentially gives heuristic preconditions for the application of a pattern. This lends itself well to the process of component selection/generation. Since this is an essential part of the automated design of metaheuristics, what we'd really like is to be able to convey this heuristic information declaratively (i.e., so that even a computer can understand it). The ultimate goal is to use this information to help reformulate metaheuristic design as a problem of (potentially dynamic) software component assembly. Above all, we envision this initiative as primarily bottom-up, driven by ideas and needs of the community rather than by any arbitrary assumptions. A panel discussion will following the paper presentations and we will attempt to provide a platform for the range of opinions expressed by those present.


We report selective lateral nano-bridging of carbon nanowire (CNW) between microsized islands using conventional photolithography technique necessary for the nanomachining and the molecular device applications compatible with Si-based process. Most distinct feature in this work is to use a growth barrier of Nb metal or insulating layer on the top of the catalytic Ni metal to prevent the growth of CNW from vertical direction to the substrate. As a result, CNWs of either "straight line" or a "Y-junction" were selectively grown between lateral sides of the catalytic metals or pre-defined electrodes without any trace of vertical growth. These results clearly indicate that this method would be one of the most feasible fabrication techniques for the nanomachines or the electronic applications with high integration level through process optimization.


Background: WHO and UNICEF recommend breastfeeding to be initiated within an hour of birth. However, timely initiation of breastfeeding remains low in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the timely initiation of breastfeeding and associated factors with cesarean and vaginal deliveries in public hospitals in Addis Ababa, 2021. Methods and materials: Comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2021 to February 2021 in public hospitals of Addis Ababa. 322 mothers within three days of delivery at the postnatal ward of the respective public hospitals were selected. A multi-stage sampling method was employed with the final participants being recruited by systematic random sampling. Data was entered to Epi data Version 4.6 and analysis was performed by SPSS Version 26. A Binary and multivariate logistic regression statistical model was used. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI was computed to see the strength of association. Result: Timely breastfeeding initiation was 79 (51.2%) and 123 (80%) for cesarean and vaginal deliveries. With a vaginal delivery, pre-lacteal feeding (AOR = 5.50, 95% CI: 1.83 - 16.57) was significantly associated with timely initiation of breastfeeding. Multiparity (AOR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.02 - 4.50), support from health care workers (AOR = 2.602, 95% CI: 1.16 - 5.82), and pre-lacteal feeding (AOR = 2.55, 95% CI: 1.13 - 5.75) were significantly associated with timely initiation of breastfeeding with cesarean delivery. Conclusion: The rate of timely initiation of breastfeeding differs according to the mode of delivery. Cesarean delivery, as compared to vaginal delivery, was associated with a lower rate of timely initiation of breastfeeding.


Greater complementary gene interaction in autotetraploid alfalfa (Medicago sativa L., 2n=4x=32) may explain differences in vigor and breeding behavior between diploids and autotetraploids. Complementary gene interaction is nonallelic gene interaction or epistasis where dominant alleles at heterozygous loci may complement each other by masking recessive alleles at respective loci. This paper describes how tetrasomic segregations of linkage blocks in linkage disequilibrium produce tetraploid individuals and populations with greater complementary gene interaction than is possible at the diploid level


An imaging white light velocimeter consisting of two image superimposing Michelson interferometers in series with the target interposed is demonstrated. Interferometrically measured 2D velocity maps can be made of moving surfaces using unlimited bandwidth incoherent and extended area sources. Short pulse and broadband chirped pulse lasers can be used to provide temporal resolution not possible with monochromatic illumination. An approximately 20 m/s per fringe imaging velocimeter is demonstrated using an ordinary camera flash for illumination. Radial and transverse velocity components can be measured when the illuminating and viewing beams are non-parallel.


This paper describes Network Enabled Capability (NEC) within Command & Control (C2) systems. In the first part we present the need to transform military operations of Industrial Age to Information Age military operations and the related NCW (Network Centric Warfare). In the next part of the paper we discuss OODA (Observe, Orient, Decide, Act) Loop as a means of optimizing NEC within Command & Control (C2) systems. The aim of the paper is to introduce the issues of the behavior of systems mutually influencing one another.


2 ′,3 ′-Isopropylidene group can be used as a molecular scaffold for the introduction of modifications at 5 ′ and 1 ′ positions of adenosine and these modified nucleosides are used to evaluate the biocatalytic activity of adenosine and adenylate deaminase.