The analytical method to determine aflatoxin M1 in milk by HPLC with immunoaffinity column clean-up and fluorescence detection has been validated by using certified reference materials and spiked samples. These validation data have been analysed to obtain the uncertainty estimation following the bottom-up approach as reported by Eurachem. The results obtained with this method have been compared with the expanded uncertainty calculated from data obtained during the years 2002-2007 by participation in Fapas proficiency testing.


Bicycles are one of the sports equipment as well as a mode of transportation that is environmentally friendly, when using a bicycle, all members of the body perform movements. In this study, a tricycle with a delta concept was made, that is 2 wheels behind and 1 wheel in front. This bike is designed to help stroke sufferers perform physical rehabilitation independently by pedaling a bicycle. To find out the benefits of bicycles to help cure strokes, especially the legs of the patient, a stroke test were carried out for 1 month (30 days) by 4 stroke patients, who were the respondents in this research. Each respondent pedaled the bike once every 3 days, so the amount of therapy became 9 times a month for each respondent. During pedaling respondents vital sign was recorded, the value of heart recovery rate (HRR) and amount of energy consumption were calculated. To find out the usefulness of bicycle therapy for stroke patients, 4 stroke sufferers were also selected who were doing stroke rehabilitation as respondents in this research, but did not pedal a bicycle. Furthermore, all respondents, whether bicycle therapy or not, performed a fitness test using the six minute walking test (6-MWT) test method. The method is used to determine the maximum oxygen volume capacity (VO2 max) of a person who walks on a certain path for 6 minutes. From the test, it can be seen that the distance taken by the respondent after walking for 6 minutes. The distance traveled is converted in the form of VO2 Max capacity. The test results shows that respondent therapy using a bicycle has a significant increase in body fitness, compared to respondent therapy without using a bicycle.


The LHCb detector is designed to search for manifestations of new physics via precision measurements in the heavy flavour sector. Results obtained with the 2010 LHC run demonstrate efficient triggering and a clean selection of beauty and charm signal decays, suppressing backgrounds in the presence of multiple collision pile-up. After having collected data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5 fb−1, LHCb proposes to upgrade the experiment to acquire 50 pb−1 using a full software trigger at a detector readout frequency of 40 MHz. The new trigger scheme requires changes in the front end electronics and the replacement of several subdetectors. As a consequence the physics scope of the experiment can be widened beyond the high precision heavy flavour program to include lepton flavour physics, electroweak physics, QCD and direct searches for new, exotic particles.


Abstract : This document is an architectural survey for 5 buildings (28414, Chapel; 32100, Theater; 33800, Administration; 36300, Bank, and 36302, Post Office) and 14 buildings (24401 through 24414, Barracks, Administration, and a Mess Hall) at Fort Gordon, Georgia. The Army constructed the 5 buildings from 1966 to 1977 and the 14 buildings in 1988. This survey satisfies Section 110 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 as amended, and it was used to determine the eligibility of these 19 buildings to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). It is the recommendation of this report that only Buildings 33800 and 36300 are significant under NRHP criteria; however, only Building 36300 retains enough integrity to be eligible for the NRHP under Criteria C. Buildings 24401 through 24414 did not meet the requirements for exceptional importance under Criteria Consideration G and therefore need to be reevaluated when they reach 50 years of age.


Objective: to study the level of fibrosing factor in patients with coronary heart disease and chronic kidney disease.Materials and methods: the study included 115 patients, mean age was 67.56 ± 12.42 years (63 men and 52 women) with ischemic heart disease (CAD), stable angina (tension), functional class 1–3, chronic kidney disease (CKD) C1-C4. The level of serum fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF 23) was assessed using a multimatrix enzyme immunoassay for the quantitative determination of FGF 23 (Biomedica FGF 23).Results: in patients with CAD and CKD, the level of serum FGF23 progressively increases as the stage of CKD worsens and can be regarded as an early marker of CKD progression in patients with CAD. When studying the correlation between the level of serum FGF 23 and clinical and laboratory data, it was found that there is a correlation between FGF 23 and age, creatinine, urea, glomerular filtration rate.Conclusion: in patients with CAD and CKD, it is advisable to use the determination of the level of fibrosis factors to identify patients with a high risk of cardiovascular complications.


1. Global pollinator declines have led to concern that crop yields might fall as a result of a pollination deficit. Companion planting is a traditional practice thought to increase yield of insect pollinated crops by planting a co‐flowering species next to the crop.


Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (CGAN) is an architecture-variant Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) that inputs conditional data into generator and discriminator simultaneously. CGAN has been applied in a wide range of fields in recent years. One of the most famous usages is its application in computer vision, which enables to perform images and videos transformation with specified conditions. In this paper, we first introduce the structure of GAN, which supports every CGAN system, and the basic CGAN that has been demonstrated in computer vision. Then, we review different implementations of CGAN in two major computer vision domains, i.e., the image processing domain and the videos processing domain. Besides, we review three representative research orientations in each domain, which all implement CGAN or variants of CGAN. Moreover, there is a comparison or declaration of several outstanding approaches in each direction.


PURPOSE: A display device upgrading a smart function and a control method thereof are provided to simply perform upgrade by installing a smart card of the latest version. CONSTITUTION: An external device interface (330) receives upgrade data from a smart card. A memory (340) stores the upgrade data and version information of the smart card. A controller (360) processes a received broadcasting signal. The controller displays the broadcasting signal on a display unit. The controller checks a version and the installation of the smart card. The controller controls the operation of the smart card. [Reference numerals] (200) Smart card; (311) Demodulation unit; (313) Demultiplexer; (315) Audio decoder; (317) Video decoder; (320) Network interface; (330) External device interface; (340) Memory; (350) User interface; (360) Controller; (370) Display unit; (380) Audio output unit; (390) Power supply unit; (500) Remote controller


A urinoma is a collection of urine surrounded by a fibrotic wall and, in the veterinary medicine, this condition is rarely reported. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical and therapeutic features of two cats with post traumatic urinomas, with particular attention paid to the imaging findings. In both patients, well-defined anechoic fluid collections in the retroperitoneal space were identified by ultrasound examinations and the laboratory tests suggested the urinous nature of the fluid. With excretory urography, the only relevant findings revealed were the abdominal and retroperitoneal loss of detail, whereas the combination of multiple techniques in Case 1 and the delayed study in Case 2, detected contrast leakage and fluid collections in the retroperitoneal space. Both patients fully recovered after either surgical or conservative treatments. In conclusion, different imaging modalities have been helpful to properly diagnose urinomas in cats and especially combined and/or delayed studies were of paramount importance for the final diagnosis.


The design of CDMA sequence families using quadratic functions dates back to Gold sequences from the 1960s. Since then there have been a number of different such designs with good correlation properties, some optimal and some near-optimal, and the term "Gold-like" is usually used to denote such sequences. In this paper we use the concept of plateaued functions, not necessarily quadratic, in order to classify such sequence families and present some examples in this direction which depend on the characteristic p and degree n of the Galois field Fpn used to define the sequences.


ABSTRACT In the aftermath of the Arab Spring, Islamist and Salafi organizations, some of them with a violent past, emerged as political actors and displayed a consistent effort to appear as serious and inclusive political contenders. This article studies the attitudes of actors such as the Salafi Nur Party and al-Gamāʿa al-Islāmiyya towards Coptic Egyptians in the post-revolutionary phase (2011–2013). It offers a perspective on how these actors navigated between the new political realities and their ideological positions. It argues that Islamist perceptions of the Copts have changed in response to the actions of the latter and that this is pivotal for understanding political attitudes, which seemed at times both moderate and dogmatic, volatile and contradictory. I therefore aim to go beyond the idea of 'the Copts' as a silent and homogenous minority and instead integrate the new form of Coptic activism which became visible and vocal after 2011. This approach helps towards a better understanding of how 'the Copts' appeared simultaneously in Salafi political discourses as useful political tools, infidels, enemies and equal citizens.


The purpose of this research was to find out whether the implementation of Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) able to motivate students' speaking activity or not. The researcher used classroom action research design in this study. The subject was the class VIII B of eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Sangkub consisting on 25 students which comprised 12 females and 13 boys. In this present research, the researcher used some instruments to collect the data, such as; Lesson Plan (RPP), Tests, observation, Interview, and documentation. In applying the test, the researcher asked the subject under the research to practice a simple dialogue about expression of giving instruction and expression of asking permission.In this research, there were three cycles, namely; Pre-Cycle, Cycle I, and Cycle II. Furthermore, Cycle I and II consisted on two sessions. In Pre-Cycle, the completeness percentage was low (36%) so that the present classroom action study was conducted to solve the problems of the students. The result of Cycle I showed that STAD motivated students' speaking activity. It could be seen from the increase of the completeness percentage of Cycle I (64%). The researcher continued the research by conducting the Cycle II to revise the problem in Cycle I and the completeness percentage of Cycle II was (88%). Based on the result above, the STAD technique has a positive influence to students of class VIII B at eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Sangkub speaking activity, and this STAD Technique could be used to be one of the alternative teaching techniques. Key Words: STAD, Motivate, Speaking Activity.


AIM AND OBJECTIVE
The main aim of the present study is to do a clinical study on the
course of the disease ceganavatham with known observation on the
aetiology, pathology, diagnosis, complications and the treatmental aspects
using a time honoured siddha drugs Kadukkai Choornam as on internal
medicine and Yearandathylam as an external medicine.
The present study includes the following.
1. Collection and detailed study of various siddha and modern
literatures dealing with aetiology sings and symptoms,
diagnosis, prognosis, complications and treatment of Cegana
Vatham.
2. To have an idea of the incidence of the disease with reference to
sex, age, habit, occupation, income, social status etc.
3. To have a clinical trial with some specific time honoured siddha
drugs.
4. To ascertain the extent of correlation of aetiology, sings and
symptoms of Cegana Vatham is siddha system with "Cervical
spondylosis" a Clinical entity in the modern medicine.
5. To evaluate the Biochemical and pharmacological actions of the
trial medicines.
SUMMARY:
Twenty cases with Cegana vatham were diagnosed clinically based
on the saint Yugi 800 and admitted in the In Patient ward of Post
Graduate Department of Sirappu Maruthuvam, Government Siddha
Medical College and Hospital, Palayamkottai and treated with the trial
medicine.
• Before starting the treatment, careful detailed history was
carried out and recorded for the 20 selected cases.
• The various Siddha aspects of examination of the disease were
carried out and data were recorded in the proforma.
• Laboratory diagnosis of Cegana vatham was done by modern
methods of investigation.
• The trial medicine chosen for both internal and external
treatment were Kadukkai chooranam 1gram twice a day for
fifteen days as per the severity of the disease and Yearanda
Thylam external application.
• During the period of treatment all the patients were put under
pathiyam(A special dietary regimen)
• A periodical laboratory investigation was made for all the cases
along with the radiological investigation.
• The observations made during the clinical study shows that the
main internal drug Kadukkai chooranam is clinically effective.
• Though there was appreciable clinical improvement, there was
not much remarkable radiographic changes.
• Along with medication ,the patients were advised over their
dietary habits and to practice yoga and simple exercises.
• The advantage of the selected drugs were listed as,
• The drugs were found to be free from adverse effects.
• The raw materials were available in almost all season.
• And finally it is economic.
These merits were essential in promoting this drug in future globally.
CONCLUSION:
All the twenty patients were treated for this dissertation work with
Kadukkai Chooranam 1 gram twice a day with butter milk or honey and
Yearanda Thylam externally.
The results were observed as,
Improvement effect - 40%,
Clinical cure - 25%,
Marked effect - 35%.
This result of the clinical trial illustrates the fruitful effect of the
drugs. Hence these drugs and methodology of the treatment will become
one of the milestones in treating Cegana Vatha patients in future.


The adsorption of glycine at gold single crystal and evaporated thin-film electrodes with preferential (111) orientation was studied in perchloric acid solutions by cyclic voltammetry experiments combined with external reflection infrared spectroscopy (gold single crystals) and surface-enhanced infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy under attenuated total reflection conditions (ATR-SEIRAS) (gold thin films). Theoretical harmonic vibrational frequencies obtained from B3LYP/LANL2DZ, 6-31+G(d) calculations for glycinate species adsorbed on Au clusters with (111) orientation were used to interpret the experimental spectra. The optimized geometry obtained from DFT calculations for zwitterionic glycine plus a water molecule corresponds to a bidentate asymmetrical bridge configuration under the application of an external electric field of 0.01 atomic units. The absence of an adsorbate band for the asymmetric OCO stretching in the experimental infrared spectra confirms the bidentate bonding of glycinate anio...


Sleep health is crucial to well-being, resiliency, and optimal function. Similar to the relationship between stress and sleep, the relationship between sleep and psychiatric disorders is bidirectional. Given the associations between sleep and mental health, patients should be assessed and treated for sleep disturbances as part of their psychiatric care. In most cases, addressing sleep problems will help with the mental health condition, and sleep treatment should be part of the course of care from the beginning. To successfully address mental health issues, sleep disorders need to be tackled, and treating sleep disorders in many psychiatric patients necessitates addressing mental health issues. The relationships between sleep disturbances and common psychiatric illnesses including depressive, bipolar, anxiety, obsessive compulsive, posttraumatic stress, psychotic, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorders are explored in this chapter.


A STUDY OF THE TREATMENT OF LAKE MICHIGAN WATER USING DIRECT FILTRATION The direct filtration process can be an effective and economical alternative to the conventional sequence of operations used for water clarification. In most cases the process has been used to treat water with a consistently low turbidity. Its effectiveness in other cases, e.g., treating water from Lake Michigan, will require a thorough understanding of process behavior and control techniques. Pilot plant studies were performed using a constant-rate dual-media filter preceded by a pretreatment reactor in which a cationic polyelectrolyte coagulant was added. For each filter design and set of operating conditions there is an optimum distribution of deposit within the filter bed at run termination which maximizes the water production per filter run. It was determined that the pretreatment conditions (the polyelectrolyte concentration and the mixing intensity and duration) can be used to maximize the water production per filter run and maintain an acceptable effluent turbidity. The pretreatment conditions determine the rate of clogging front advancement in the filter bed, which, in conjunction with the terminal headloss, determines the distribution of deposit within the bed at run termination. Letterman, Raymond D. A STUDY OF THE TREATMENT OF LAKE MICHIGAN WATER USING DIRECT FILTRATION Final Report to the Office of Water Research and Technology, Department of the Interior, June, 1975, Washington, D.C.110~. KEYWORDS--water treatment*/direct filtration*/flocculation/ polyelectrolytes


I desire very briefly to call your attention to a class of cases of great frequency, especially in large manufacturing districts, and which we are all continually being called upon to treat. In few text books do we find any adequate consideration of this important subject, and I scarcely know of any English work on Ophthalmology which is particularly explicit about injuries of the lens, or lays down good rules for the management of snch cases. While time will not permit us to enter upon a full discussion of the topic, I have thought the consideration of a few of the more important points might not be without interest to us as specialists or as general practitioners. Few things are more demoralizing to a patient than to suddenly find he has lost his eyesight, and few accidents can more excite our sympathies. From a clinical standpoint we may divide the


In this article, homotopy perturbation method and variational iteration method are implemented to give approximate and analytical solutions of nonlinear ordinary differential equation systems such as a threespecies food chain model. Homotopy perturbation is compared the variational iteration method for a threespecies food chain model. The variational iteration method is predominant than the other non-linear methods, such as perturbation method. In this method, in general Lagrange multipliers are constructed by correction functionals for the systems. Multipliers can be identified by the variational theory. Some plots are presented to show the reliability and simplicity of the methods.


This paper investigates the differential effects of corporate social responsibility (CSR)
 dimensions on corporate financial performance (CFP) across sectors in China. This research uses a unique data set
 provided by China Stock Market and Accounting Research (CSMAR), showing expenditure on CSR programs from 568
 Chinese publicly traded firm-year observations from 2008 to 2017. Compared to previous studies using scores
 produced by extra-financial rating agencies, this research quantifies CSR efforts by corporate expenditure
 on CSR practices, which offers quantitative and precise information in explaining the CSR-CFP link. The results
 show that the dimension of the environment has negative effects on financial performance in capital-intensive
 manufacturing industries. The impact of HR expenditure on CFP is negative in the tertiary sector and
 resourceintensive manufacturing industries. However, CSR investments in the community are positively related
 to financial performance in resource-intensive industries and other secondary sector (mining, construction,
 and utilities). Firms, in general, could gain benefits when spending more on business and financial stakeholders.


I mention the case, not on account of its rarity, for probably such cases are not unfrequently met with by dermatologists, but for the purpose of emphasising the fact how closely syphilis may imitate lupus, a fact which has been frequently drawn attention to by Jonathan Hutchinson and others. In this case the ulceration and foul-smelling discharge, the presence of numerous patches of the same character on different parts of the body, and the history of the case, left no doubt as to its true character. The characters insisted upon by Tilbury Fox as aiding diagnosis were : In syphilis the tubercles are larger, rounder, harder, and coppercoloured ; there is no great tendency to desquamate, but a great tendency to suppuration and ulceration. They are found in various parts of the body at the same time. Ulcers, when they occur, have sharp cut edges, are foul, dirty, ashy with ichor, and the tissues round are infiltrated and indurated. In lupus the tubercles are softer, more vascular, and gelatinous. There is not the same tendency to ulceration or crusting ; when ulcers occur the edges are not sharply cut, but thickened and rounded, clean and dry, and the edges are non-everted. The condition of the laryngeal mucous membrane (except for the ulcerated edge of the epiglottis) strikingly resembled what I have seen in true lupus of these regions, and it is well to remember how closely syphilis may imitate true lupus. The case in question bore such strong superficial resemblance to lupus that some who saw it were deceived. Under large doses of iodide of potash, and the local use of a strong iodoform ointment (5i. and 5L) the patient made gradual improvement, but the gelatinous tubercles on the side of the nose proved rather resistant. They, however, began to diminish in size after deep scarification and rubbing in of lactic acid.


Natal philopatry—the return of an animal to its place of birth to reproduce—can shape population genetics and link essential habitats across generations, yet examples from long-term mark-recapture studies are rare. In this study, we observed 136 nests of Northern Map Turtles at Mount Union, Pennsylvania, between 2000 and 2008 and then individually marked and released 691 hatchling turtles into the Juniata River. During a recent six-year period (from 2017 to 2022), 46 of the hatchling-marked turtles (6.7%) returned to Mount Union as adult females to nest. The ages of these turtles ranged from 11–22 years at first recapture, and their mean age was 17 years. Forty-one hatchling-marked females came from observed nests with known mothers, and remarkably, just four (of 52) mothers produced over half of the returning females. The minimum ages of the oldest female turtles were estimated at 39 years, with reproductive lifetimes of at least 23 years. Our results indicate that a few long-lived Super Moms have made extraordinary contributions to hatchling recruitment and population viability of Northern Map Turtles of the Juniata River. The timing of release also had a significant influence on the probability of a turtle returning, with hatchlings released in May returning at a higher rate than those released earlier in the spring. In addition, morphological characteristics of hatchling-marked females suggest that factors causing shell shape abnormalities in adult turtles have not abated over the past two decades as previously theorized and likely involve exposure of juveniles to contaminants in the Juniata River rather than any maternal influence.


1. Vitamin B12 nutrition was studied in normal, coprophagy-prevented and antibiotic-treated rats on Vitamin B12-deficient diets with and without a vitamin B12 supplement; the indices used were excretion of total urinary ether-soluble acid (TUESA) and methylmalonic acid, and vitamin B12 assays on the liver and intestinal tract. 2. A significant positive correlation (r = 0.61) was found between TUESA excretion and weight of rats, and a significant negative correlation (r = −0.89) between TUESA excretion and liver vitamin B12 contents. 3. Although prevention of coprophagy reduced the contents of vitamin B12 in the stomach and small intestine, no effect on vitamin B12 nutrition, as assessed by TUESA excretion and liver vitamin B12 contents, was found. Rats in which coprophagy was permitted became vitamin B12-deficient, when given a diet in which vitamin B12 was low. 4. The amounts of TUESA and methylmalonic acid excreted indicated that streptomycin and erythromycin administered orally prevented vitamin B12 deficiency in rats on a diet deficient in vitamin B12. Liver vitamin B12 contents were, however, very low in these rats. this anomaly was thought to be due to the non-specificity of the Euglena gracilis assay for vitamin B12. 5. It was concluded that, under the conditions of these experiments, coprophagy was not necessary to the vitamin B12-sparing action of antibiotics.


The interrelation between omeprazole use and the possibility of developing nosocomial pneumonia, acute kidney damage and Clostridium difficile -induced diarrhea in patients with sepsis requires further study. Material and methods. 200 patients with severe craniocerebral injury that underwent surgery for the pathology and developed sepsis in the postoperative period were examined in a blind, randomized placebo-controlled research study. The patients were divided into two groups. Patients in Group 1, as part of their therapy regimen for sepsis, received a daily dose of 0.2 mg/kg omeprazole as an intravenous infusion; patients in Group 2 received placebo instead of omeprazole, in addition to a similar therapy regimen as Group 1. Results. Among patients receiving omeprazole, the number of concomitant ventilator- associated pneumonia cases increased by 1.32 times, the number of acute kidney damage cases by 1.33 times and the number of cases of Clostridium difficile toxin secretion with feces by 1.75 times. Conclusions. The routine use of omeprazole in the management of patients with sepsis may worsen treatment results.

https://www.termedia.pl/Journal/-99/pdf-41768-10?filename=8. HPC 2 2021_Art_8_Oliynyk.pdf


The purpose of this study is to ascertain the influence of TQM on organizational effectiveness. Background : Numerous studies are revealing the impact of TQM on different aspects of an organisation. However, there remains a limited understanding of the impact of TQM on the effectiveness of the organisation. Therefore, there remains a significant research gap in how TQM influences an organization's effectiveness. In this regard, there is a significant research gap in the literature. Therefore, fulfilling this research gap is an area that calls for attention. Research will use a multi-case study based approach and use secondary and primary data. The research concludes, using a multicase study methodology, that TQM has a generally favorable influence on organizational effectiveness. The study demonstrates that TQM has a beneficial effect on financial and market share of product. Further, TQM has a favorable effect on earnings, sales, and revenues and a positive effect on investor returns. Consequently, the study establishes that TQM facilitates organizational performance. In terms of Innovation, the case study research provides limited insights into the effect of TQM on Innovation. The study shows that a thorough understanding of quality indicators, the selection of adequate performance indicators, the determination of weak points, leadership support, the development of a quality culture, and staff and management involvement are key success variables for implementing TQM. TQM has a positive impact on performance on companies, but impact on innovation is not evident. Therefore, there is a need to undertake study on how TQM influences innovation.


A physician recently remarked that he was puzzled because few of his colleagues seemed willing to acknowledge that they enjoyed their work, while he, on the other hand, relished it. He said that hospital cafeteria conversations between physicians more frequently focused on the shortcomings rather than the satisfactions of medical practice. He concluded that since medicine was a prized and noble vocation, many physicians obviously did enjoy it, but for some reason they were reluctant to admit it. Perhaps some of the answers to his puzzlement lie in the personality types attracted to medicine, those selected by entrance committees, or the educational process by which students are transformed into physicians. Part of this change is outlined in a book with the ambiguous title, Making It in Medical School . This book with chapters and subheadings from fairy tales is written not by a medical student as might be expected (perhaps they


From research carried out over the last 20 years, there is now a wealth of data on the identification of students' misconceptions in various topics within science education. Much of the data in the form of questions and students' answers, and analysis of the data is well documented. Within this same period there have been major developments in the programming and use of microcomputer based expert system shells which can use formalised expert knowledge to mimic the processes normally carried out by a human expert. It seems that the two areas of research could, in the fuure, be brought together to provide support for teachers in using the research findings to support the individualised and targeted teaching of students in the classroom. A recent literature search, however, has shown the dearth of activity in this field. This paper reviews the situation at the present time and suggests how the two activities could be united.


Banking sector is one of the most powerful financial management agencies which have a major role in the economic growth of India. Each bank has its own culture, as every organization different in their culture. Organizational Culture includes everything that influences an employee in an organization. This may reflect in their stress levels, which may in turn reflect in the individual productivity as well as the organizational. In the literature, there were different studies of organizational culture and work stress among bank employees, but very few studies which tried to explore the relation between organizational culture and work stress in India especially in the state of India. In fact Organizational Climate represents the organizational environment as is perceived by the employees. Organizational climate can be a powerful strategically to an organization seeking a strategic advantage. It is a process which is very difficult for another organization to duplicate perhaps one of the most important and significant Characteristics of a great workplace is its organizational climate. Organizational climate, manifested in a variety of human resources practices, is an important predictor of organizational success. Customer satisfaction has become an important indication of climate inside banks. The enhancement and improvement of customer satisfaction will not depend on new incentives, schemes and organizational arrangements. Customers are rightly becoming more involved in their own required services. Presently customers are given a chance to voice their opinions about the eare they receive and it can be seen as per of a broad commitment to the enhancing of Organizational climate in bank.


Water is a crucial resource for the earth and therefore for all living beings on earth such human. This article is focused on how to optimize water usage (saving) in industrial environment. This sector has a huge impact on water: usage, pollution, etc. The first step was to define and apply a water management and the second step to make research on each opportunity identified and to implement it. All those actions have been carried out in a pharmaceutical manufacturing site. Water saving have been done on different application: washing machine, heat pump on chiller system, osmosis inverses system on purified water and continuous measurement device of water quality. The site's water consumption has been reduced by 40% in less than 6 years.


In this article a 2D casting CAD system was developed by making full use of the opening character of AutoCAD2000 and the powerful function of ObjectARX2000 supplied by Co. Autodesk, by the virtual of the developing tools(Virtual C++6.0) supplied by Co. MicroSoft. combining the Access database made by the parameters of the Casting Process with the graphic database of AutoCAD2000.This software supplies the process guide which make the communion between human and computer very easily and the tutorial of casting process and relative help. During the course of the designing the datum can be saved automatically in database. This system may avail use of those datum to export the process chart and the process card rapidly.


Background: The increase in neonatal survival in recent decades has been followed by an increase in later disabilities. This has given rise to many new ethical issues. In different countries, efforts are being made to define ethical guidelines regarding withholding or withdrawing intensive care and end‐of‐life decisions in critically ill newborn infants. These guidelines have to be differentiated from ethical decision‐making models which structure the process of decision making for an individual child. Such a framework has been in existence in our clinic for 10 years. Aim: The aims of this study were to evaluate how end‐of‐life decisions are taken in our perinatal centre and to analyse whether these decisions are consistent with our framework for structured ethical decision making.


This paper deals with the problem of signal restoration from data aliased in time. The signal, which is in general noncausal, is split into a causal and an anticausal part. The causal part and the time-reversed anticausal part are then modeled as impulse responses of rational pole-zero models. The parameters of these models are then estimated by solving sets of overdetermined equations. The choice of model orders, i.e., number of poles and zeros of rational models, is also discussed. It is shown that if the aliasing period is large enough, there is sufficient information for all the parameters to be estimated. The special cases of a purely causal signal or a purely anticausal signal are discussed. Simulation results show that the signal can be recovered with excellent accuracy.


We investigated the fecundity, egg size, reproductive output, and breeding frequency and season of Neocaridina denticulata denticulata and Latreutes planirostris which inhabit extremely different habitats. The marine shrimp Latreutes planirostris produced more eggs had at a given carapace length than the freshwater shrimp N. d. denticulata. However, N. d. denticulata had a larger egg volume and greater reproductive output than L. planirostris. The monthly gonadosomatic index (GSI) of the freshwater shrimp began to increase in April and reached a maximum in May, suggesting a single breeding period. In contrast, the GSI of the marine shrimp exhibited two breeding peaks: May-June and September. In both shrimps, the regressions between carapace length and ovarian weight were significant at the non-eyed and eyed embryo stages. For both species, an analysis of covariance revealed significant difference between the two regressions in elevation, but not in slope. These results indicate the potential for multiple ovulations within the reproductive season.


On the basis of analyzing the factors influencing the investment's effects,the problem of optimization the multi-project combinatorial investment is solved in this paper through the establishment of a simple model of a multi-aim combinatorial investment and the conversion of it into single-aim linear programming model with the analysis of main elements.


The diverse uses of Lake Victoria, East Africa, and the scale of the lake, bordered by three countries and covering 68,000 km2, mean that many government sectors and non-governmental actors are involved in the governance of the lake and impact on the fisheries. Inter-sectoral interaction happens at all levels but is not always frequent or well-coordinated – it may depend on the availability of funds and willingness of government officers and other actors to interact and work together. Examples of conflict and cooperation within and beyond the fisheries sector are provided, leading to the identification of opportunities to further and deepen collaboration between sectors.


A scanning / imaging X-ray microscope (SIXM) system has been developed at SPring-8. The SIXM consists of a scanning X-ray microscope with a one-dimensional (1D) X-ray focusing device and an imaging (full-field) X-ray microscope with a 1D X-ray objective. The motivation of the SIXM system is to realize a quantitative and highly-sensitive multimodal 3D X-ray tomography by taking advantages of both the scanning X-ray microscope using multi-pixel detector and the imaging X-ray microscope. Data acquisition process of a 2D image is completely different between in the horizontal direction and in the vertical direction; a 1D signal is obtained with the linear-scanning while the other dimensional signal is obtained with the imaging optics. Such condition have caused a serious problem on the imaging properties that the imaging quality in the vertical direction has been much worse than that in the horizontal direction. In this paper, two approaches to solve this problem will be presented. One is introducing a Fourier transform method for phase retrieval from one phase derivative image, and the other to develop and employ a 1D diffuser to produce an asymmetrical coherent illumination.


Fore kinds of fabric sample made of anti-ultraviolet polypropylene filament are suitable to be made into summer suit, which have a cool and light weighted nature. Weave variation method are employed in fabric designation. Test the anti-ultraviolet performance and the wearing performance of the fore fabrics. Treat the testing data with the vague integrative evaluation method to get the quantitative analysis result.


The current Law 'On Education in the Russian Federation' promulgated in September 2013 mandates a direct and indissoluble link between three notions: education (obrazovanie), personality development (vospitanie) and teaching (obuchenie). At the same time, the law lacks firm ideological foundations. We hold that the objectives set by the law demand a return to some old, unjustly forgotten or suppressed theories of personality development. Personality development should be viewed as a single process of shaping personal qualities in permanent pedagogical interaction between the family, school and society. The role and functions of personality development, teaching and socialization in the educational process respond to the challenges of time and modify both the conditions of pedagogical interaction with students and the contexts of educating environment. The new objective of the educational system creates more opportunities for directly coordinating the interests of individuals, families, societies and states, increases the scale of conscience-building multifactor impact, while the transforming value-based criteria of personality development put civic and social priorities in ever higher demand. This approach suggests accepting the following statements as axioms of personality development: being educated mandates being brought up well; good upbringing must reflect social models; the outcome of personality development is sociality and public solidarity; man's social nature does not preclude individuality; the educating environment is a hub of socializational context and an area of pedagogical interaction.


In 2012, New York City considered implementing a policy that would prevent restaurants from selling sugary drinks in excess of 16 oz. In our 2017 article, "Psychologically Informed Implementations of Sugary-Drink Portion Limits," we considered two plausible ways that restaurants might comply with such a policy and the effects of both on people's propensity to buy and consume sugary drinks ( John, Donnelly, & Roberto, 2017). In three experiments, we assessed the impact of providing free refills (e.g., offering a regulation-size, 16-oz cup with unlimited refills), which led people to consume more, especially when the drinks were served by a waiter. In a final experiment, we tested bundling (i.e., dividing the contents of a 32-oz cup into two regulationsize, 16-oz cups); this led people to purchase fewer ounces of sugary drinks but did not affect the amount they consumed. In each laboratory experiment, participants made real ordering decisions, paid for their beverages, and consumed those beverages. The findings from the bundling experiment ran counter to Wilson, StolarzFantino, and Fantino's (2013) findings on beverage bundling with 100 undergraduates making hypothetical purchasing decisions. In that study, they concluded that "restricting larger-sized drinks may have the unintended consequence of increasing soda consumption rather than decreasing it" (Abstract) if companies respond to the policy by offering beverage bundles. Wilson and Stolarz-Fantino (2018) offer two primary critiques, one specific to our research and one more broadly applicable to policy-relevant social science. First, they argue that our laboratory context was not sufficiently representative of the marketplace; in particular, we used linear pricing for beverages (instead of restaurants' more common nonlinear pricing structure), and therefore our results cannot inform our understanding of how this policy might play out in the real world. Second, they argue that "for their research to have policy implications, John et al. would need to demonstrate that their menus are profit maximizing" (p. 1376). We address both critiques in turn below.


Atomizing characteristics of two kinds of twin-fluid nozzles(effervescent nozzle and Y-type nozzle) are experimentally studied by using PIV technology;the influences of nozzle type,air to liquid ratio(ALR),liquid flowrate,nozzle internal geometry,etc on atomizing properties are analyzed.The atomizing experimental results show that atomization quality of effervescent nozzle is better than that of Y-type nozzle under the same condition;Sauter mean diameter(SMD,D32) of atomized particles decreases with increasing of air to liquid ratio,the decreasing degree reaches stability at ALR0.04;SMD of atomized particles decreases with increasing of liquid flowrate at the same air to liquid ratio;it will be helpful for atomization quality for effervescent nozzle to increase the injection area of atomization air in the same air infection area of internal mixture chamber.


We discuss on the third experiment's-the transmission holographic experiment's-theoretical improvement on the optical path.And we propose measures from various respects and analyses the points that need attention to improve the successful rate.


Future space based imaging system require larger aperture sizes to keep pace with the demand for high spatial resolution, the cost and weight becomes increasingly prohibitive for large full aperture. A new concentric symmetrical synthetic aperture is thus presented in this paper at the first time-called the ring-sector aperture. It is a segmental structure and easy to be processed. The pupil function and the MTF distribution are given, and the optical performance is analyzed. The paper also generates image simulation for ring-sector aperture and full aperture. The image of ring-sector-aperture system becomes blurry because of the MTF loss in mid-frequency. The principle of image recovering with Wiener filter is presented, and the recovering results show that the contrast of ring-sector-aperture image can be improved even equivalence to the full aperture's. The ring-sector aperture is value to be researched and adopted.


The invention discloses an intelligent manhole cover with a function of pressure power generation, and the manhole cover comprises a manhole cover body, an energy storage module, and a control module. The surface of the manhole cover body is provided with a plurality of pressure power generation modules in an embedded manner, and the pressure power generation modules are connected with the energy storage module. The pressure power generation modules enable unstable electric energy generated through pressure to be stored through the energy storage module after an external pressure is applied to the pressure power generation modules, so as to supply power to the control module. The manhole cover also comprises a communication module, a radio frequency module and a satellite positioning module, wherein the communication module, the radio frequency module and the satellite positioning module are respectively connected with the control module. After the radio frequency module is activated externally, the control module is activated, and enters into a working mode of intelligent interaction through the communication module or the radio frequency module. The control module is periodically dormant and started through triggering in a timing manner under the condition of no external activation intervention. The manhole cover achieves self-supply of power, intelligent interaction at a mode of low power consumption, theft prevention and alarm.


There is an inseparable historical connection between the idea of traditional education and the modern higher education.The modern universities have a basic philosophy of academic freedom,scholarly pursuits,integration of teaching and scientific research,which have already existed in our traditional education thought.While we advocate the modern university philosophy,we shouldn't ignore our traditional education thought.


Turnip tops or greens, the early leaves of rutabaga (Brassica napus var. rapifera L.), are a traditional Newfoundland vegetable. Commercial farmers currently grow and market forage rape (B. napus L.) as greens. Our objectives were to determine why forage rape is now grown in preference to other Brassica crops and to examine potential greens alternatives. Seed from two cultivars each of three Brassicas [rutabaga, forage rape and forage kale (Brassica oleracea var. medullosa L.)] was used in: 1) a germination study at 5, 10, 15 and 20°C; 2) a growth study at constant temperature regimes of 12 and 18°C; 3) a 2 yr agronomic study; and 4) a sensory evaluation for appearance and taste as a boiled vegetable. Hobson rape, Dwarf Essex rape and the locally bred Brookfield rutabaga germinated, emerged and grew faster than both kale cultivars and Laurentian rutabaga at all controlled-temperature regimes. The two kale cultivars and Laurentian rutabaga did not exhibit adequate agronomic potential. Although the rape cul...


In order to quantify influence of walking height on motion features of evacueesꎬ VR technology was adopted to construct evacuation scenarios of different heights. Thenꎬ experiment data were collected with laser radarꎬ and fear of height was classified by using acrophobia questionnaire (AQ) and K ̄means clustering algorithm. Finallyꎬ influence of different levels of acrophobia and gender on evacuees' speedꎬ stride and step frequency were investigated at controlled height. The results show that evacuation speedꎬ stride and step frequency of pedestrians decrease along with the increase of heightꎬ which is more obvious as it is between 0 m and 50 m. When at the same heightꎬ those whose acrophobia is more severe will have lower speedꎬ smaller strideꎬ faster step frequency and are more sensitive to height changes. It is also found that female's walking speed and stride decrease more observably than those of males while the latter ' s walking speed and stride are larger than females at the same height.


Based on questionnaires and diagnosis by one senior medical specialist 28 patients were evaluated with respect to their fall risk and categorized into two classes (low / high fall risk). Posturography stabilograms were quantitatively analyzed by means of time as well as spectral domain techniques. Feature sets were analyzed with three different methods of discriminant analysis in order to evaluate how accurate the fall risk can be predicted. Classification results showed that mean accuracies of 86.1 % are achievable, but with large standard deviations of 19.3 %. Reducing the latter down to 8.4 % regretfully reduces also the first to 79.4 %. It is concluded that this pilot study failed in keeping with the needs of fall risk quantification in ORL surgery.


The hyperbolic equation (2D problem) supplemented by adequate boundary and initial conditions is considered. To solve the problem the boundary element method using discretization in time is adapted. In the final part of the paper the example of computations is shown. Introduction The following hyperbolic equation is considered ( ) θ ∇ = ∂ θ ∂ + ∂ θ ∂ Ω ∈ 2 2 2 2 1 : , t t x x (1) where ( ) 2 1 , x x θ θ = is an unknown function, { } 2 1, x x are the spatial co-ordinates and t is the time. ( ) ( ) b b q n q x x x x = ∂ ∂ − = Γ ∈ = Γ ∈ θ θ θ : , : ,


At the end of 2002, NATO will again decide to enlarge its membership. This process of enlargement of the Alliance is driven by summit timetables; summits require commitments and grand gestures, and in Prague that could involve invitations to seven or more states to accede to the Washington Treaty. But there are three sets of issues into which this plays uncomfortably. First, there is an EU-NATO and EU security agenda (also including enlargement) which is a significant and difficult set of issues. Second, NATO itself is undergoing change, particularly after the attacks of 11 September 2001 and enlargement complicates those reform processes. Third, the wide European agenda, and in particular relations with Russia, throw out complicating factors. Is there a way of managing all of these dilemmas?


Highly efficient utilisation of solar energy is regarded as one of the most promising renewable energy solution. Enormous efforts have been dedicated to both the material and configuration to achieve an optimised efficient charge separation, transport and collection processes. Hierarchical nanostructures with controlled morphology and dimensionality have attracted enormous attention for their high specific surface area, tailored topology and distinct electro-optical properties. To date, various advances have been made using hierarchical nanomaterials for photovoltaic applications. Herein, recent advances in the ZnO hierarchical nanostructures for photovoltaic solar cells are reviewed. Three representative solar cell configurations, i.e., DSSC, QDSC, and hybrid solar cells, are discussed. The impact of the ZnO hierarchical nanostructure on the overall performance is highlighted to elucidate the advantages of the high-densely branched nanostructure in efficient light adsorption and transfer. The summary and outlook for the ZnO nanomaterial-based solar cells is provided at the end of the review.


The Leontief Input‐Output economic system can provide a model for a one‐parameter family of economic systems based on an abstract temperature T. In particular, given a normalized input‐output matrix R and taking R= R(1), a family of economic systems R(1/T)=R(α) is developed that represents heating (T>1) and cooling (T<1) of the economy relative to T=1. .The economy for a given value of T represents the solution of a constrained maximum entropy problem.


Over the years, the requirements imposed by the regulations regarding the design of network systems have changed. As a result, there are currently electrical installations with various network systems in Poland. Neighboring of miscellaneous distribution networks still remains troublesome and causes the use of ambiguous, often erroneous solutions. The paper aims to analyze selected network systems and the transition of one system to another based on the latest harmonized standards developed by the European standardization bodies. In particular, the PN-HD 60364 - Low-voltage electrical installations standard will be analyzed. There will be made an attempt to identify solutions that will guarantee the highest effectiveness and reliability of protection against electric shock. A computer simulation will also be performed to present problems that occur when connecting electrical installations with different network systems. The voltage waveforms obtained during the simulation will be the basis for the evaluation of the level of protection against electric shock of the discussed solutions.


Using power series expansions of functions and the monotonicity criterion for the quotient of power series, we establish some new Wilker-type inequalities for hyperbolic functions.


with the increase in requirements on fiber-optical communication system by people, transmission quantity has been increased. In order to guarantee quick and effective fiber-optical communication, people have to use LDPC codes to implement correction modulation, of which, the ability of non-binary LDPC codes to correct abrupt error and random error become more stronger, and it is corresponds with high-order modulation, it is suitable to be used in optical transmission system with super speed and long distance, so it has become to the key point researched by people. This paper starts from non-binary LDPC codes to analyze the principle application of correcting matrix and Tanner diagram, it also illustrates coding and decoding of LDCP codes and puts forward Min-Max non binary LDPC codes algorithm, which simplifies calculation of non binary LDPC codes and can effectively promote enhancement of communication in error correction. Introduction As the soft decision technology universally researched by people, LDPC has excellent ability in error correction; error level is low and can be concurrently realized. Meanwhile, research on binary LDPC codes is relatively mature, including binary LDPC codes and decoding algorithm, capacity analysis method, search algorithm of optimal degree based on Gaussian white noise channel and Rayleigh fading channel with irregular code. However, compare non-binary LDPC code with LDPC codes, its ability in abrupt error correction and random error correction is stronger, and it is more suitable with high-order modulation, so it is suitable to be used in optical transmission system with super speed and long distance. Overview on non-binary LDPC codes LDPC codes was put forward by Gallager in 1960, it is the linear block code, ix represents better capacity in data transmission and data storage, it is exclusively determined by generation matrix G or parity check matrix H, so it can define LDPC codes by parity check matrix H. Of which, H has 4 natures, which means each line has p 1, each kind has r and 1, the position between any 2 lines is the same and the number of valuing 1 dose not exceed 1, the line number comparison between p, t as well as code length and H is very small. From these natures we can see that parity check matrix and H respectively has special line weight p and parallel weight r, and any 2 lines have 1 exceed the same position, the density of 1 is very small, so it is called as parity check matrix with low density, the details are indicated by the following figure 1: Figure 1 Parity check matrix with low=density of LDPC Except to use check matrix to express LDPC codes, it can also use bidirectional graph model to 4th International Conference on Machinery, Materials and Information Technology Applications (ICMMITA 2016) Copyright © 2017, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Advances in Computer Science Research, volume 71


In the micro-milling repair process of surface defects on KH2PO4 (KDP) optics, residual tool marks are inevitably introduced on repaired surfaces. These tool marks could present great potential risks in lowering laser-induced damage thresholds of repaired KDP optics, which has not been reported in the previous works. In this work, the formation process of micro-milled tool marks was initially modeled and then the effect of these residual marks on the optical performance of KDP optics was investigated theoretically and experimentally. A 3D surface generation model for repair contours is proposed to predict the profiles of residual tool marks on micro ball-end milled surfaces, and then a numerical FEM model adopting the calculated profiles of residual tool marks is established to investigate the light intensification inside KDP optics based on electromagnetic theory. The relationship between repair machining processes, tool marks profiles and light intensifications as well as laser damage resistance of repaired KDP optics, has been discussed comprehensively and systematically. Practical repair experiments and laser damage tests verified the theoretical results very well. It revealed that the residual height of tool marks can induce apparent diffraction effect, consequently causing severe light intensification inside KDP optics. The micro milling strategies (e.g. a combination of layer-milling and spiral milling paths) can also exert a positive role in improving the laser damage resistance of KDP optics. An optimized repair process flow, adopting layer-milling path as rough milling and employing spiral-milling with path intervals of 10∼15 µm as fine milling, is recommended for the future practical engineering repair of full-aperture KDP optics in ICF facilities.


13
 C N.m r spectra of a variety of polychloro- and polybromo-benzenes were determined and the chemical shifts were compared with the calculated values. The agreement between the observed and calculated values was best when the estimate based on the additivity relation is corrected for the buttress effect.


Considering how often it is said that suicide is a taboo subject , it is intriguing to note that Stack and Bowman find that it is a topic frequently portrayed in film (as it is in the arts throughout history). They guide the reader through a detailed, and painstakingly thorough methodology for coding and analyzing suicide movies. Their premise, throughout, appears to be that the arts can enhance science's understanding of suicide. Similarly, at every opportunity, research about reallife trends in suicide is laid next to artistic trends seen in films. This often leads the reader to insightful (and well-supported) conclusions about how social perceptions of suicide either enhance or diverge from the real world facts.


In September 1956, more than a year before Sputnik would officially launch the space age, the International Astronautical Federation convened in Rome. Its agenda had little to do with mission logistics—attendees were actually there to discuss lunar and planetary contamination. Eleven years later, at the height of the Cold War, the international community signed the 1967 Outer Space Treaty, agreeing to explore space only for peaceful purposes. As part of the treaty, signees promised to avoid "harmful contamination" of the moon and other celestial bodies.

Space researchers have long recognized the importance of preventing microbial stowaways. In September 2010, JPL scientists prepped the Mars rover Curiosity for its November 2011 launch. Image courtesy of NASA/JPL-Caltech.

Space researchers have long recognized the importance of preventing microbial stowaways. Alien microbes brought back to Earth could be dangerous. But the main worry is that Earth microbes could spoil the potential discovery of extraterrestrial life.

For at least half a century, the goals of planetary protection have remained the same even as scientific knowledge has ballooned. The solar system has proved more diverse than imagined, with potentially habitable environments in subsurface oceans on icy moons, deep inside the Martian dirt, or even on Ceres in the asteroid belt. In recent years, microbiology has undergone a renaissance of sorts, as researchers are finding the microbial universe to be more complex, ubiquitous, and consequential than previously thought.

Underpinning this progress is new genomic-sequencing technology that's empowering researchers to study microbes faster and better than ever before. Researchers are now exploiting these same tools to bolster planetary protection efforts. "We need to know in more detail what microbes may elude our cleaning and sterilization procedures and become a problem for tomorrow," says Kasthuri Venkateswaran, a microbiologist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL).

As humans plan for more …


The commissioning of the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has been the focus of an extensive program over several years. We present a summary of cosmic ray and single beam commissioning results with the ATLAS hadronic Tile Calorimeter (TileCal). The emphasis will be on understanding the energy and timing reconstruction, and validation of their calibration. Finally, electronic noise at the cell level is studied, and performance of calorimeter clusters is investigated.


Feline panleukopenia is a fatal and contagious viral disease caused by the family of Parvoviridae. Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) is synonymously called as feline distemper and feline Parvo. FPV infects all felids, raccoons, mink and foxes. FPV infected animals generally have compromised health conditions. Cats of all ages are mostly affected by FPV, but kittens are highly susceptible with higher mortality. The virus is resistant to many disinfectants and normally survives in the environment for several months. Transmission occurs through direct contact of faeces contaminated feeds as well as by indirect contact of fomites, and through intrauterine route. Clinical symptoms include vomition, diarrhoea, lymphopenia and neutropenia, followed by thrombocytopenia and anaemia, immunosuppression, cerebellar ataxia and abortion. Commercially available test kits are used to detect FPV antigen in faeces. Fluid therapy, antibiotics, metronidazole, supportive therapy, and good nursing care are the common treatment practice in Central Referral Veterinary Hospital (CRVH), Nepal. The disease can be controlled by isolation of infected cats, routine vaccination and disinfection of premises. The higher incidence in Nepal is due to lack of vaccination practice against FPV. Disinfectants containing sodium hypochlorite (bleach), potassium peroxymonosulfate and accelerated hydrogen peroxide are found effective. The aim of this paper is to review the current status of the disease, epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment and control measures for prevention and management of feline panleukopenia infections in developing countries like Nepal.


The articles by David Woodgate in the last issue of Metro have aroused a good deal of interest in Super-8mm.


This study investigates the direct displacement based design (DDBD) and convectional force based design (FBD) approach for 8 storey RC frame building in DDBD methodology the displacement profile is calculated and the given MDOF is converted to equivalent single degree of freedom system. After calculating the effective period, secant stiffness, and viscous damping of the equivalent structure, the base shear is obtained, based on which the design and detailing process can be carried out. The designed frames as per DDBD and FBD approach are then analyzed using nonlinear pushover analysis to obtain the capacity curves and response reduction factor. Results of the analysis and comparison of 'R' factor indicate the efficiency of the DDBD approach for RC frame buildings Kalpa Publications in Civil Engineering Volume 1, 2017, Pages 69–79 ICRISET2017. International Conference on Research and Innovations in Science, Engineering &Technology. Selected papers in Civil Engineering C.D. Modhera, G.J. Joshi, D. Soni, I.N. Patel, A.K. Verma, L.B. Zala, S.D. Dhiman, D.R. Bhatt, J.M. Rathod, B.C. Goradiya, M.S. Holia and D.K. Patel (eds.), ICRISET2017 (Kalpa Publications in Civil Engineering, vol. 1), pp. 69–79


AIM:To evaluate the anxiolytic effect of Huanglian-Jie-Du-Tang(HJDT) on anxiety behaviors induced by chlorophenylpiperazinehydrochloride(mCPP) in mice.METHODS:Mice were divided into seven groups:normal group,mCPP group,(diazepam + mCPP) group and(HJDT 1,2,4,8 g/kg + mCPP) groups.HJDT or diazepam was administrated orally or intraperitoneally respectively once a day.And mCPP was administrated subcutaeously 30 min before each behavioral test.Marble-burying(MB) test,spontaneous activity test,light-dark transition(LDT) test,and elevated plus maze(EPM) test were used at the 14-17~(th) day after treatment.RESULTS:Anxiety-like behaviors were induced by mCPP injection.HJDT(2-8 g/kg)reduced the total buried marbles,increased the central distance ratio and the central time ratio,decreased the latency into dark box,increased the time in dark box and times between dark and light box.It also increased the time-and entries ratio in open arm in EPM test.CONCLUSION:HJDT exerts anxiolytic effect induced by mCPP,which provides experimental basis for anxolytic drugs.


The article describes the contribution of employees of departments and clinics in providing medical care to wounded and sick patients in evacuation hospitals located in Saratov region during the Great Patriotic War.


We experimentally demonstrate a novel CAP-OFDM-PON system, in which four OFDM channels of 1.25 Gb/s bitrate per channel are multiplexed using four-dimensional CAP filters. Both reliability and flexibility of multiple ONUs' access have been obtained.


The equilibrium structure of the interface between two‐dimensional fluid phases in the presence of an external field is investigated. Unlike in three or more dimensions of space, it is found that in two dimensions the interfacial thickness is very sensitive to the external field. In particular, the critical exponent that describes the divergence of the interfacial thickness as the critical point is approached is found to be strongly nonuniversal, i.e., field dependent, in two dimensions, whereas it is universal, i.e., field independent, in three or more dimensions.


Manufacturing virtual private network (MVPN) is a remote enterprise request broker architecture (RERBA) based on internet and manufacture resources. Based on the research of MVPN and the definition of manufacture resource in MVPN, we put forward the function that the resource management system should have, and also the way to achieve it, and finally verified its feasibility and validity through experimentation.


Abstract We extend and refine Aguiar and Amador (2019) 's contraction approach to Eaton and Gersovitz (1981) 's sovereign debt model. In particular, we encompass time-varying interest rates and growth. We show that, when long-term interest rates exceed growth, equilibrium is unique and can be computed via contraction mapping. The method unifies separate branches of literature, showing that the contraction property is the reflection of previous arbitrage arguments based on replication, inspired by Bulow and Rogoff (1989) .


The article discloses the experience and the university educational system forming content as KamSU after Vitus Bering cultural educational area component. The cultural educational component is defined as a four-component model consisting of: semantic, informational substantial, active, subjective individual. The article defines University educational system management opportunities with the aim of the advantage using in personality forming and education


Objective To investigate the relationship between abnormal pregnancy and Toxoplasma gondii infection by examing the subset change of decidual natural killer(NK) cells infected by Toxoplasma gondii during early pregnancy. Methods Decidual tissues from 10 early human normal pregnant women were obtained after vaginal termination of pregnancy.Decidual NK cells were separated and purified with enzyme digestion,and divided equally into two groups after being incubated for 24 h.The experiment group was then co-cultured with Toxoplasma gondii for 48 h,while equal volume of normal saline was administed to the control group.The decidual NK cells were collected and cell subset change of the two groups was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results The CD56+CD16-subset accounted for(48.83±21.99)% of the decidual NK cells in the experiment group,and(57.70±18.97)% in the control group﹙P0.05).That was(11.48±10.70)% in the experiment group and(4.45±4.24)% in the control group for CD56+CD16+ subset﹙P0.05).The ratio of CD56+ CD16-/ CD56+ CD16+ was(10.92±17.84)% in the experiment group and(23.37±19.98)% in the control group(P0.05).The percentage of CD56+ decidual NK cells was(60.31±22.53)% in the experiment group and(62.16±19.76)% in the control group(P0.05). Conclusion During early pregnancy,Toxoplasma gondii infection could decrease the percentage of CD56+CD16-decidual NK cells and increase the percentage of CD56+ CD16+ subset,breaking the balance between CD56+ CD16-and CD56+ CD16+ subset for the normal pregnancy.This molecular mechanism may play a role in human abnormal pregnancy infected by Toxoplasma gondii during early pregnancy.


Abstract Talaromyces marneffei is the only dimorphic species in its genus and causes a fatal systemic mycosis named talaromycosis. Our previous study indicated that knockdown of AcuD gene (encodes isocitrate lyase of glyoxylate bypass) of T. marneffei by RNA interference approach attenuated the virulence of T. marneffei, while the virulence of the AcuD knockout strains was not studied. In this study, T. marneffei-zebrafish infection model was successfully established through hindbrain microinjection with different amounts of T. marneffei yeast cells. After co-incubated at 28°C, the increasing T. marneffei inoculum doses result in greater larval mortality; and hyphae generation might be one virulence factor involved in T. marneffei-zebrafish infection. Moreover, the results demonstrated that the virulence of the ΔAcuD was significantly attenuated in this Zebrafish infection model.


Water scarcity is one of the fundamental challenges facing developing country agriculture. In South Asia, millions of privately-owned borewells have sprung up in the last two decades, to the point where groundwater has become the largest irrigation source in India, especially vital for dry season cultivation. While groundwater exploitation has contributed significantly to poverty reduction in rural India, unregulated drilling has also raised concerns about the sustainability of this crucial resource. Widespread adoption of drip irrigation has been proposed as a promising water-saving solution to the problem of groundwater over-exploitation. However, there is little, if any, rigorous evidence on its benefits, both in terms of agricultural production and potential water savings. We implement a randomized control trial, in which a treatment group of borewell owners was encouraged to adopt drip irrigation against a control group that kept the status quo. The study will track agricultural production, farm income, and water use in both groups before and after drip adoption.


Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and risk factor of malignant tumors in Hainan Province and provide information for the work of prevention and control. Methods The data concerning surveys of malignant tumors in Hainan Province were epidemiologically analyzed. Results The standardized incidence rate and the motality rate of malignant tumors in Hainan Province were 48.6 per 100 000 and 69.8 per 100 000 population, respectively, accounted for 9.66% of all the death causes. The pathogenic age and death age of patients due to malignant tumors were 57.7 years and 61.1 years, respectively .The survival duration was 242 days. The five main malignant tumors were liver cancer, lung cancer, carcinoma of stomach, nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The incidence rate and the mortality rate of liver cancer and lung cancer were higher in the males. While incidence rate and mortality rate of breast cancer, colon and rectal carcinoma, and carcinoma of uterus were higher in the females. There the incidence and mortality rates showed a tendency of getting higher along with the increase of age and reached a peak between the age of 60~70 years. Smoking, hepatitis, types of drinking water, etc. were the risk factors associated with malignant tumors. Conclusion Measures be taken for prevention and treatment of malignant tumors including setting up malignant tumor registration system in this province as early as possible.


DoD's armed services each have many uses for maps and charts. Paper products have long been sued for planning, navigation, and tactical situation assessment. As useful as paper products are, today's sailor, soldier, and airman are looking for digital maps and charts. Digital products bring a new dimension to tactical information systems. Today's workstation display systems do not offer the large format and high information content of traditional paper products. This paper describes a 30 inch diagonal, 80 color pixels/inch, display with an addressable resolution of 2048 by 1280 by 24, which could meet the needs of many DoD programs/users.


After Federal Government of Nigeria declared a total lockdown and COVID-19 pandemic health precautions, many Nigerians have gone to their various Facebook walls to show their reactions towards those precautions. Their reactions were deployed via texts (captions) and graphics (photos). Previous studies on COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria have adopted critical discourse analysis (CDA) and stylistics approaches with little attention paid to pragmatic and multimodal reactions of Nigerians towards COVID-19. This paper therefore, undertaken a pragma-semiotic analysis of Nigerians' reactions towards COVID-19 pandemic health precautions with a view to examine how the text and images portray their intentions towards COVID-19 and to discover the meaning potentially exhibited by the images and captions, and the pragmatic acts of linguistic and nonlinguistic posts. Sixteen Facebook posts were purposively selected from various Nigerians' Facebook posts using insights from Mey's (2001) pragmatic act and Kress and Van Leeuwen's (2006) multimodal discourse analysis. The posts which were classified under four semantic fields namely business innovation and profit oriented, law abiding, poverty striking and satirical Posts, have various visual-pragmatic strategies such as creativity, obedience, complacency, begging and ridicule.


This study examines the influence of Black women's beliefs of health threats on purchase intentions towards beauty products. It investigates whether Black women use natural beauty products to avoid health threats and injustice. Two focus groups were conducted with eleven female African American participants as part of a larger multi-method study. This article details the focus group sessions in which participants shared their stories and beliefs of how beauty ideals and products have negatively impacted their health and lives. Results indicate that constructs of the Health Belief Model (HBM) relate to the participants' lived experiences, that 'Blackness' – has a major influence on consumer behaviour and that barriers, such as racism, often prevent them from a leading healthier lifestyles. The findings provide insights into Black women's lives as consumers and communicate the importance of beauty product toxicity and healthy product development as topics of concern within the Black Lives Matter movement.


Two key elements of education for sustainability (EfS) are action-competence, and the importance of place and experiencing the natural world. These elements emphasise and depend on the relationship between learners and their real world contexts, and have been incorporated to some extent into the sustainability cross-curricular perspective of the new Australian curriculum. Given the importance of real-world experiential learning in EfS, what is to be made of the use of multi-user virtual worlds in EfS? We went with our preservice secondary science teachers to the very appealing virtual world Quest Atlantis, which we are using in this paper as an example to explore the value of virtual worlds in EfS. In assessing the virtual world of Quest Atlantis against Australia's Sustainability Curriculum Framework, many areas of coherence are evident relating to world viewing, systems thinking and futures thinking, knowledge of ecological and human systems, and implementing and reflecting on the consequences of actions. The power and appeal of these virtual experiences in developing these knowledges is undeniable. However there is some incoherence between the elements of EfS as expressed in the Sustainability Curriculum Framework and the experience of QA where learners are not acting in their real world, or developing connection with real place. This analysis highlights both the value and some limitations of virtual worlds as a venue for EfS.


In this paper, a novel graphical user interface is developed for kinematic analysis and synthesis of five-bar linkage with prismatic joint, named KASITS. This interface has two menus that the users can freely select, namely for analysis and synthesis. In the analysis menu, the direct kinematics are derived to visually depict the overall workspace of the mechanism. Within this workspace, the singularity curves are plotted. In the synthesis menu, the value of design parameters is obtained for a given trajectory. An optimization is employed based on Pareto optimal solutions. The demonstration is provided to guide the users better.


We study innovation policy in a region in which the members of the creative class engage in Schumpeterian competition and thereby extend aspects of the recent analysis in Batabyal and Yoo (2017). Using the language of these researchers, the creative class is broadly composed of existing and candidate entrepreneurs. In contrast to these researchers, we suppose that R&D by candidate entrepreneurs does not generate any negative externalities. In this setting, we analyze the impact that taxes and subsidies on R&D by existing and candidate entrepreneurs have on R&D expenditures and regional economic growth.


The physical and chemical traits of soil, enzyme of soil, decomposing rate of straw and yield of rice under conventional tillage and water-saving protective tillage were compared and analyzed. Results showed that water-saving protective tillage of rice could decrease soil bulk density, improve soil porosity and oxidation-reduction potential. Under water-saving protective tillage, the activity of catalase, acid phosphatase, urease were 5.39%, 14.52%, 8.33% higher than conventional tillage, but the activity of sucrase was 32.82% lower than conventional tillage. And the decomposing rates of straw of surface layer, all layers, deep layer were 5.39%, 14.52%, 8.33% higher than conventional tillage. Finally, water-saving protective tillage of rice could increase the yield of 21.34% to conventional tillage.


The paper proposes a method of normalizing OWL 2 DL ontologies. The method introduces rules aimed at refactoring OWL 2 constructs. The proposed transformations only use a subset of OWL 2 constructs and enable to present an input OWL 2 ontology in a new but semantically equivalent form. The normalization is motivated by the fact that normalized OWL 2 DL ontologies have a unified structure of axioms so that they can be compared in an algorithmic way.


TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE NEEDS ASSESSMENT FOR CANDIDATE COUNTRIES. SUBTITLE: THE LATEST IMPLICATIONS OF THE TRANS-EUROPEAN NETWORK (TEN) POLICY FOR CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN FREIGHT SERVICES WERE RECENTLY OUTLINED BY CHRISTOS DIONELIS OF THE TINA SECRETARIAT.


Previous studies have found that health insurance is an important component of workers' labor market decisions. In this article, the author studies the effect of health insurance availability and price on the likelihood of self-employment by examining the Massachusetts (MA) health care reform enacted in 2006. A model of compensating differentials predicts that the effect of the MA reform on the likelihood of self-employment is theoretically ambiguous because different components of the reform should have opposing effects. For a sample from the Current Population Survey, the reform leads to a large and significant increase in health insurance coverage, and it increases the likelihood of self-employment by 0.71 percentage points, or an 8.4% increase from the pre-reform average in MA. The estimated positive effect on the likelihood of self-employment persists, though decreases, in the long run. The empirical evidence suggests that a part of the decline is coming from the opposing effects of various components of the reform.


"To be parents of the people" is always regarded as one of the most important thoughts of Confucianism.It can be found both in Book of History and Book of Odes as well as being cited frequently by Confucius and his disciples.The idea of "family,state and country to be unity" was very popular in the period of Pre-Qin.Such problems as why and how "to be parents of the people" had been discussed much in earlier Confucian works.This paper focuses on the original documents in Book of History and Book of Odes and tries to figure out the complexities and meanings of the theory of "To Be Parents of the People." It also analyses and responds to some interpretations of some modern scholars on Chinese ancient society structure and related theories.


In this work, two Markov chains modeling packet delay have been developed to obtain closed-form solutions for packet loss probabilities and packet delay distributions in a real-time wireless communication environment. Packets with delay constraints are queued at the source and are transmitted one by one with possible retransmissions to correct errors. The first model models packet delay and correlated packet arrivals using a one-dimensional Markov chain. Usually, at least two dimensions are needed in queuing models. The second model is a two-dimensional Markov chain modeling packet delay, correlated channel errors, and correlated arrivals. Both correlated errors and arrivals are known to have significant impact on packet loss. Possible applications of the results are also discussed.


a abbreviated new animal drug application (ANADA) 159 abbreviated new drug application (ANDA) 113, 159 absorption 62f. acceptable daily intake (ADI) 137 active implantable medical device (AIMD) 167, 187 active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) 209 – good manufacturing practice (GMP) 211 – manufacturer 210 – manufacturing site 242 ADME 62 adverse event reporting 87 advertising 262 air quality 219 Ames test 66 Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system 45f. animal and plant health inspection service (APHIS) 35 animal study – in-vivo 64 animal treatment 154 annual report 94 annual safety report 88 appendix 104 application dossier 97 asthma inhaler 18 audit finding 248 audit master recall 223 authorisation – generic drug 158 – medical device 187ff. – veterinary medicine 131ff. azidothymidine (AZT, zidovudine) 47


This paper describes a new approach to improve the performance of a hydraulic servo system using high bulk modulus oil. First, the property of the high bulk modulus oil is explained. Then the relationship of the performance of a hydraulic servo system and high bulk modulus is theoretically explained. Finally, the performance of a hydraulic servo system using high bulk modulus oil is investigated under the conditions of open loop pressure control. From the basic experimental results, the advantage of high bulk modulus oil over the mineral oil is verifi ed.


Abstract The influence of surface waves on the Reynolds shear stress and the heat flux, measured in the atmospheric surface layer ∼5 m above the ocean, is discussed using the method of Lu and Willmarth (1973). During the observational period, the phase velocity C associated with the dominant wave frequency is 33–80 times larger than the friction velocity u*. When contributions to the momentum flux −uw are sorted out into the four quadrants of the (u,w) plane, the contribution from the interaction quadrants (u>0, w>0; u<0, w<0) increases as C/u* increases. The contributions to the heat flux are not appreciably affected by C/u*. While the probability that sweep and ejection quadrants associated with instantaneous shear-stress and heat-flux fluctuations occur at the same time is large and approximately independent of C/u*, the probability of simultaneous occurrence of interaction events increases as C/u* increases. The period between ejection events also increases with C/u*.


The effects of grinding and heat treatment on the structure of CuFe2O4 have been investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis.The sample of tetragonal CuFe2O4 was ground in water in a ball mill at room temperature for varying times up to 190hr, and cubic CuFe2O4, up to 70hr. From the results of the X-ray diffraction analysis, it has been observed that the tetragonal structure was gradually transformed into the cubic one with increasing grinding time, and that the reverse transformation did not occur. In both cases, the strain in the lattice increased and crystallite size decreased with grinding time. This fact indicates that lattice imperfections such as dislocation and stacking fault increase with grinding. It can be considered that a cooperative alignment in the tetragonal CuFe2O4 is gradually destroyed with an increase in the lattice imperfections, and that the tetragonal structure has consequently been transformed into a cubic one.When each of the samples of the ground cubic CuFe2O4 was heated for 4hr at 350°C, what was ground for a short time has been transformed into the tetragonal structure, while those samples which have been ground for a long time have not been transformed. When each sample of the CuFe2O4, which had been substantially transformed from the tetragonal into the cubic structure by grinding for a long time, was heated at varying temperatures up to 800°C for 2hr and then cooled slowly, the reflection line (311) of the cubic structure remained unchanged below 500°C. At the heating temperatures above 600°, the transformation from the cubic into the tetragonal structure progressed with rising temperature. The heating temperatures above 600°C closely corresponded to those of the recovery process of the induced strain and the reduced crystallite size.


The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a new instrument to measure the multidimensional nature of motivations to engage in healthy behavior practices among older adults. The Healthy Aging Incentives Scale (HAIS) was developed empirically from data collected from 158 older adults participating in a health and wellness clinic located within a multipurpose senior center in the United States. A factor analysis of the HAIS revealed five themes prompting older adults to participate in health aging practices: health and fitness, psychological well-being, locus of control, social functions, and socialization attributes. Additional data are provided that support reliability and validity of the HAIS including convergent validity of the 20-item scale by its correlation with healthy behavior habits. Conclusions are drawn showing literature support for the multidimensional scale and the important determinants for promoting healthy outcomes for this population.


Traditionally process planning is concerned with reducing energy consumption at a machining process level and is done on the assumption that the manufacturing resources at the shop floor are sufficient and available all the time. This paper presents an energy-efficient process planning approach for resource-constrained machining systems. The interactive effects of process routes and cutting parameters on energy consumption at machining process level and at shop floor level are explicitly analyzed. A multi-objective optimization model of process planning is presented to take minimum energy consumption and minimum makespan as objectives, which is solved by a HBMOA algorithm. The energy saving performance of the proposed process planning approach is demonstrated through case studies.


The utility model relates to a password recognition theft-proof battery. The battery password recognition mode is used for controlling the power source output of the battery self, and a theft-proof alarming apparatus in the battery is used, so the purpose that the electrical apparatus is not stolen is achieved. The utility model mainly comprises a password inputting device outside the battery, a central controller, an alarm apparatus and a relay, wherein the central controller, the alarm apparatus and the relay are arranged in the battery. The utility model is especially suitable for the make-up and the modification of the apparatus which needs batteries such as vehicles, motorcycles, etc. The theft-proof battery of the utility model has sample structure, low cost and good effect of theft prevention.


As the dawn of a new age in spaceflight approaches, the drive to equip future spacecraft with high-performance computing capabilities is increasing. Many within the industry are looking to leverage solutions enabled by machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence to enhance mission efficiency. Tasks such as image processing and object tracking are desired for long-duration spaceflight and extravehicular activities. In order to realize these applications in practice, enhancements to onboard processing are needed. ML applications require state-of-the-art processors and hardware accelerators, such as GPUs. However, GPUs are heavily susceptible to radiation-induced single-event effects (SEEs). Additionally, missions require a level of safety-criticality, which is unable to be met by existing commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) GPUs. In an effort to create an end-to-end solution, this work aims to bridge ML-application development with device-architectural awareness to deliver a fault-aware implementation of the TensorFlow framework called Resilient TensorFlow (RTF). By building customized operations into the TensorFlow framework and employing them within the graph of various models, RTF demonstrates an ability to mask faults that occur during processing while minimizing overhead. Reducing faults during the processing of deep-learning applications brings the space computing industry closer to realizing onboard high-performance computing.


ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer) is an imaging instrument that is flying on Terra, a satellite launched in December 1999 as part of NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS) . ASTER is a cooperative effort between NASA and Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) and the Earth Remote Sensing Data Analysis Center (ERSDAC) . ASTER data is distributed by HDF-EOS format, which has a very complicated data structure. It result in the difficulties of handling the data. However, that includes latitude and longitude values of footprints every 6km owing to the precise orbit tracing system with the star tracker. Precise geometric correction is one of the most difficult and indispensable process in remote sensing data. In this study, firstly, a free software is developed to achieve map projection conversion from UTM to plate carriee coordinate with ASTER data in HDF-EOS format. Secondly, map projection conversion is applied to sixteen scenes of ASTER data over Japan Island. Thirdly, accuracy of system geometric correction is evaluated with the castal lines and administrative boundary lines in vector format by visual interpretation. As a result, the root mean square geometric error is 79.2m in North West direction.


This paper describes the development of explanation and its expression in the storytelling of 5‐ to 10‐year‐old children. The children were asked to tell the story contained in a picture book as they looked through it, and afterward were asked questions about the key sequences. These sequences in the children's narratives were coded as Confused, Descriptive, or Explanatory and the language was coded for several features important for establishing textual coherence. In this task, explanation appears earlier than the literature suggests. Nevertheless, in the youngest children it is limited by their comprehension of the story, while many older children do not do justice in their stories to the complexity of understanding revealed in their responses to questions. The linguistic variables each show different patterns of correlation with the cognitive measures and only low intercorrelations with one another. One stylistic feature, the inclusion of connectives other than and/then is a good predictor of explanati...


An accurate time-of-flight method for measuring proton energies was developed and used to determine the output proton energy of the proton linear accelerator operating at 30 Mev. A detailed analysis showed that the precision obtainable ( plus or minus 0.16%) compares favorably with other available methods in the 10 Mev to 50 Mev region. (auth)


Objuctive: To establish a recombinant adenovirus vector with BMP4 gene.Methods: BMP4 gene was cloned into adenovirus shuttle vector pSuCMV by standard procedure;recombinant adenoviral plassmid was identified and then transferred to the adenoviral packaging cell HEK 293 cell by lipofectamine 2000 mediated gene transfer method to pack the virus after verifying.Then we enlarged and titled the virus.Results: The recombinant adeno-BMP4 was correctly constructed and confirmed by restriction endonucleas analysis and DNA sequencing analysis;the virus concentration reached 2.9×109pfu/ml.Conclusion: The recombinant adenoviral vector carring BMP4 gene was successfully established.


The development of novel and reliable technologies for the analysis of proteins and their post‐translational modifications, in particular, has recently received much attention and interest. The implementation of a fully integrated microfluidic device interfaced with MS detection for the analysis of phosphoproteins is presented in this paper. The microfluidic platform (3′′×1.5′′) comprises two individual sample processing systems: one for performing direct sample infusion and one for performing microfluidic LC separations. Various MS detection strategies, specific for the study of post‐translational modifications, were conducted using α‐casein as a model protein. Neutral loss ion mapping, data‐dependent triple‐play and neutral loss analysis, and in situ dephosphorylation followed by LC separation and MS detection were performed. Consistent results in identifying phosphopeptides with conventional and microfluidic instrumentation have been obtained. Unlike with conventional instrumentation, however, the microfluidic device enabled the completion of each analysis from only a few microliters of sample, in ∼10–15 min, and on a bioanalytical platform that facilitates multiplexing and disposability, and thus high‐throughput, contamination‐free analysis.


We develop a special framework on a number of networks that exhibit some specific characteristics and belong to a subclass of the Cayley graph based networks. Subsequently, we show how this framework can be used to develop a spanning graph, denoted by BSG, that possess some special properties. This spanning graph constitutes the basic tool for the development of algorithms for three fundamental communication problems, namely, the multinode broadcasting and the single node and multinode scattering.<<ETX>>


ABSTRACT Longitudinal ventilation system is a frequent method of tunnel ventilation which is commonly implemented by use of jet fans. In most studies on longitudinal ventilation application, the effect of fire on its upstream is neglected and a constant-velocity flow is considered in the tunnel entrance. In this paper, fire consequences on ventilation system performance are investigated. It is noticed that airflow induced in tunnel declines as the fire intensifies. High reductions up to about 50% are observed and are attributed to two main phenomena; elevated downstream resistance and fire plume blockage. These effects are combined to form a parameter named fire pressure loss (FPL). An analytical model is also developed that gives acceptable predictions of FPL. Results illustrate that FPL increases with time due to gradual heatup of tunnel walls. Moreover, examination of jet fans operation shows that their efficiency declines when they get very close to fire upstream as a result of jet tilting and smoke stratification disruption. For fire downstream jet fans, the performance is deteriorated to an extent affected by installation height. Also, verification of flow patterns with experimental data is presented throughout the paper.