Objective To explore the protective effect and mechanism of ligustrazine against ischemia-reperfusion injury of retina from neonatal rats.Methods Thirty-two neonatal rats were randomly divided into normal,model,solvent control and ligustrazine treatment group.Experimental model of retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury was established by increasing intraocular pressure through intracameral infusion.In the ligustrazine treatment group,ligustrazine was given by intraperitoneal injecting before 30 min ischmia and after reperfusion 2 hours,10 mg/kg.In the solvent control group,the same voluminal solvent(isotonic Na chloride)was given by the same way before 30 min ischmia and after reperfusion 2 hours.The neonatal rats were executed by aeroembolism after reperfusion 6 hours.The content of malon dialdehyde(MDA) and the superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity were measured by spectrophotometer.Results 1.The content of MDA in model group was significantly higher than that in normal group(t=4.80 P0.01);the content of MDA in treatment group was significantly lower compared with that of model group(t=8.20 P0.01);and the MDA of solvent control group was significantly higher than that of normal group(t=4.21 P0.01);there was no difference of MDA between model and solvent control groups(t=1.85 P0.05).The SOD activity in model group was significantly lower than that of normal group(t=4.58 P0.01);the SOD activity in treatment group was significantly higher compared with that of model group(t=5.24 P0.01);and the SOD activity in solvent control group was significantly lower than that of normal group(t=7.12 P0.01);there was no difference of SOD activity in model and solvent control group(t=2.11 P0.05).Conclusion Ligustrazine can protect experimental retinal from ischemia-reperfused injury by increasing SOD activity and decreasing the content of MDA in neonatal rats.


The core values of the people police are basic ideas and concepts related to the police occupational specialty and taken shape in the long-term police practice. The ideological and political education is an important carrier in student learning and cultivation. The policing management is the main way to realize the ideological and political education. At present, there are some disputes existing in the policing management. This paper, by integrating these disputes, interprets the realizing ways of the policing management to develop the students' core values from perspective of the structural functionalism in police colleges and universities.


In this paper we consider the quadratic optimal control problem of a discrete-time Markovian jump linear system, subject to constrains on the state and control variables. It is desired to find a state feedback controller, which may also depend on the jump variable, that minimizes a quadratic cost and satisfies some upper bounds on the norms of some random variables, related to the state and control variables of the system. The transition probability of the Markov chain and initial condition of the system may belong to appropriate convex sets. We obtain an approximation for the optimal solution of this problem in terms of LMI (linear matrices inequalities), so that convex programming can be used for numerical calculations. Examples are presented to illustrate the usefulness of the developed results.


This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th IFIP WG 12.5 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Applications and Innovations, AIAI 2014, held in Rhodes, Greece, in September 2014. The 33 revised full papers and 29 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. They are organized in the following topical sections: learning-ensemble learning; social media and mobile applications of AI; hybrid-changing environments; agent (AGE); classification pattern recognition; genetic algorithms; image and video processing; feature extraction; environmental AI; simulations and fuzzy modeling; and data mining forecasting.


The foregoing results demonstrate that the formation of humoral protective antibodies in rats infected with C. crassicollis tends to parallel the degree of infection within the described experimental range. This parallelism, so evident during the first two weeks of infection, is soon lost, and after 28 days the serums have approximately the same protective value regardless of the degree of infection responsible for antibody formation.
 While ascertaining protective titers based upon minimal amounts of serum required to protect a normal animal, it was found that as the "end-point" was approached for 28-day serums, a marked increase in the destruction of larvae after encystment occurred. No such reaction was observed with serum taken approximately two weeks after infection. These results indicate the presence of two antibody mechanisms, one which destroys the larvae before encystment ("early immunity") and another which causes the destruction of larvae after encystment ("late immunity"). The two effects can hardly be explained by a dilution of only one antibody since the late destruction was not obtained with immune serum taken two weeks after infection.


The high-resolution 13C NMR spectra of a variety of fungal branched (1→3)-β-D-glucans were recorded in a DMSO solution and a lyophilized solid in order to gain an insight into the primary and secondary structures in relation to their gel-forming property. We found that all the five lyophilized branched (1→3)-β-D-glucans examined so far, except lentinan, exhibit the laminaran-type triple-helix form, as established by the close resemblance of the 13C NMR spectra among them. On the contrary, lentinan taking the curdlan-type singlehelix conformation was readily converted to the triple-helix form by lyophilization after having been dissolved in a 8M urea solution (1M=1 mol dm−3) and dialysis against distilled water. This finding should be compared with the similar conformational change of curdlan: the conversion by this procedure was at most 50%; annealing at 150°C, followed by slow cooling, was essential for a complete conversion. This treatment did not induce the reverse conformational change from the triple...


Society-nature relations are contextualized from the organismic and mechanical analogies to the focus of an environmental epistemology, on the face of the current western civilization crisis; in that respect, the complexity paradigm ensures overcoming the sustainable development ambiguities in


An improved program of the tip clearance of a high speed engine pump based on simulation was introduced in this paper. In order to verify its reliability, a device was designed to test the performance of the pump and found that the simulation data was in good agreement with the experiment. Within the scope of work, the improved pump shows excellent performance that the head has an improvement of more than 7m averagely, the efficiency is improved by 10 % to 20 %, and the shaft power has increased about 100Wrespectively.The results confirmed that using this numerical analysis method to optimize the tip clearance of the high speed engine pump was reasonable.


The initiation and development of microcracks introduced by heating or fire plays a critical role in the stability and durability of concrete structure. However, the concealment of microcracks and the nonlinearity of concrete materials make it difficult to appropriately evaluate the size and extension state of microcracks inside the thermal damaged concrete. In this paper, broadband frequency excitation instead of traditional dual-frequency excitation is utilized to excite the thermal damaged concrete, and the generated ultrasonic modulated signal reflects the micro damage state. The concept of damage index (DI) based on the sideband peak count (SPC) is proposed to quantitatively describe the variation characteristics of modulated signals. The results show that the peak value of DI based on broadband frequency coupling of nonlinear ultrasonic modulation method reflects the generation and development of microcracks in thermal damaged concrete. The peak value of DI increases sensitively with the increasing of water-cement ratio, fine-coarse aggregate ratio, and the heating temperature. Meanwhile, the statistical relationships of the peak value of DI with the residual strength and the area ratio of microcracks in thermal damaged concrete are established respectively.


The reaction of acetylene (A) with cyclohexa-1,3-diene (CHD) has been studied between 450 and 592 K. The pressures of A ranged from 25 to 112 torr and those of CHD from 8 to 62 torr. The reaction yields only ethene (E) and benzene (B) instead of bicyclo[2.2.2]octa-2,5-diene (BOD), the product that is expected for a 1,4,1′,2′ addition of the Diels–Alder type. It is first order with respect to each reagent. The rate constant (in L/mol·s) is given by

The thermal decomposition of BOD has also been studied. In the ranges of 354–435 K and 0.5–6 torr, the reaction is first order and results in the formation of equal amounts of B and E as the reaction of A with CHD does. Its rate constant (in s−1) is given by

The following consecutive reactions are proposed for the reaction between A and CHD:

where BOD is the primary product that is too unstable to be detected. This implies that the rate constant k is equal to ka. The reaction mechanisms and the strain energy in BOD are discussed.


Manuscripts can be studied, first, and most obviously, as objects of material culture. Such study may provide valuable information concerning the parchment, the arrangement of quires, the type of script, the letter forms, the decoration, and so on. Manuscripts can also be studied as witnesses to the intellectual preoccupations of the scholars who compiled and copied them: such preoccupations are most apparent in the selection and glossing of the texts which manuscripts from various periods transmit. There is yet a third class of information to be gleaned, from some manuscripts at least, by a combined study of both their physical appearance and of the texts they contain: this information pertains to the time when, the place where, and the reasons why a collection of texts (which is preserved only in a later book) was first put together. Cambridge, Corpus Christi College 57 is a manuscript which invites such an approach. The book, its physical appearance (including its numerous later additions), the texts it presents, and the way it was used in late Anglo-Saxon England have been thoroughly and competently studied, and such studies are invaluable for what I shall attempt to do here: to uncover the ambience in which the ultimate exemplar of Corpus 57 was compiled and used, and to uncover the reason why this exemplar was copied into Corpus 57 and why it was copied in the fashion in which it appears there.


Background: Diabetes is a major risk factor for myocardial infarction (MI). Persistent activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) leads to diabetic complications and plays a critical ro...


My name is Roberta Clark and I have subscribed to your journal for many years as well as published in it. I was recently reading an article in the March/April 2007 issue entitled "Potassium and Sodium Homeostasis in the Neonate," and have a few questions. On page 127, Table 1 lists the common therapies for hyperkalemia, and the first question I have is what reference(s) did the author use to extrapolate that data? The formula for the insulin glucose infusion is very vague. It states that one should start insulin 0.2 unit/kg/hour with glucose 0.5 gm/kg/hour, and I am uncertain as to what this actually means. First of all, how does one calculate gm/kg/hour on a glucose infusion when the formula doesn't give a specific concentration of glucose, or is this variable? Then I am curious about whether this is a supplemental infusion or included in the total glucose load for the patient. I retrieved articles number 4 & 12, as referenced in the section "Treatment of K+ Imbalance," and found no information dealing with a specific gm/kg/hour rate of glucose infusion to be used with the initiaition of insulin for hyperkalemia.


Photocurrent generated by ionizing radiation represents a threat to microelectronics in radiation environments. Circuit simulation tools such as SPICE [1] can be used to analyze these threats, and typically rely on compact models for individual electrical components such as transistors and diodes. Compact models consist of a handful of differential and/or algebraic equations, and are derived by making simplifying assumptions to any of the many semiconductor transport equations. Historically, many photocurrent compact models have suffered from accuracy issues due to the use of qualitative approximation, rather than mathematically correct solutions to the ambipolar diffusion equation. A practical consequence of this inaccuracy is that a given model calibration is trustworthy over only a narrow range of operating conditions. This report describes work to produce improved compact models for photocurrent. Specifically, an analytic model is developed for epitaxial diode structures that have a highly doped subcollector. The analytic model is compared with both numerical TCAD calculations, as well as the compact model described in reference [2]. The new analytic model compares well against TCAD over a wide range of operating conditions, and is shown to be superior to the compact model from reference [2].


Molecular dynamics simulations were performed on twisted carbon nanotube (CNT) bundles, which comprise seven (5,5) single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) that are spaced 0.34nm apart, under axial compression and tension. A twisting load was applied to six of the (5,5) SWCNTs that surround a core SWCNT to form a twisted CNT bundle. The interaction force between the atoms was modeled using Brenner's "second generation" potential together with the van der Waals force as characterized by the Lennard-Jones (12,6) potential. The critical buckling and failure loads and the compressive and tensile strains were obtained for both the axial compression and tension scenarios, and it was found that severely twisted CNT bundles suffered badly in both cases. During tensile loading, the intertube distance decreases to 0.2nm lower, which gave rise to intertube repulsive energy. At the same time, the attractive van der Waals force on the opposite faces of each individual SWCNT contributes to the collapse of the twisted CN...


Abdominal bloating is common in functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID). To better characterize this patient population, we evaluated clinical and psychological characteristics of bloating and analyzed their differences by bloating severity.


This paper seeks to describe the process of musical initiation in children's symphonic band Township Virginia Rda during the period 2014. through the design and analysis of lessons plans aimed at community members of all ages, especially children, taking into account the particularities of this community, finding a harmonious relationship in the musical knowledge. In response to the need for a musical methodological design to work with the community, elements of active musical methodologies Orff, Willems, Kodaly, Dalcroize and method as starting a children's band teacher took Cesar Cano. A series of assemblies with musicals playing different genres and international rhythms and our Colombian folklore, also was seeking to define the musical components of greatest pleasure and adopted by the community was collected. The methodological approach was developed from qualitative research. We conclude that in working with the community is necessary to consider their vision about education and music using pedagogical models, strategies and musical methodologies that are consistent with this. Through this work the development of the musical project created by the community and the project results can be viewed in different national and regional scenarios where the symphonic band participate is encouraged.


Character linking, the task of linking mentioned people in conversations to the real world, is crucial for understanding the conversations. For the efficiency of communication, humans often choose to use pronouns (e.g., "she") or normal entities (e.g., "that girl") rather than named entities (e.g., "Rachel") in the spoken language, which makes linking those mentions to real people a much more challenging than a regular entity linking task. To address this challenge, we propose to incorporate the richer context from the coreference relations among different mentions to help the linking. On the other hand, considering that finding coreference clusters itself is not a trivial task and could benefit from the global character information, we propose to jointly solve these two tasks. Specifically, we propose Cˆ2, the joint learning model of Coreference resolution and Character linking. The experimental results demonstrate that Cˆ2 can significantly outperform previous works on both tasks. Further analyses are conducted to analyze the contribution of all modules in the proposed model and the effect of all hyper-parameters.


The invention discloses a method for preparing dry flowers, in particular to a method for preparing dry chrysanthemum and equipment special for preparing dry chrysanthemum. The invention aims to overcome the defects existing in the prior art and provide a method for preparing dry chrysanthemum by using fresh chrysanthemum. The method has the advantages of saving in labor force, low labor intensity and high quality consistency. The method for preparing dry chrysanthemum by using fresh chrysanthemum comprises the following steps of: boxing scattered chrysanthemum; killing; and drying, wherein in the step for boxing scattered chrysanthemum, fresh chrysanthemum is filled into a hollow net cage through a chrysanthemum boxing device. The method has the characteristics of reduction in the amount of labor used, high killing consistency, ensured quality, low labor intensity and the like.


The contribution by Kremer, Willis, and You revisit cross-country convergence patterns over the past 6 decades. They provide evidence that the lack of convergence that applied early in the sample has now been replaced by modest convergence. They also argue this relationship is driven by convergence in various determinants of economic growth across countries and a flattening of the relationship between these determinants and growth. Although the patterns documented by the authors are intriguing, our reanalysis finds that these results are driven by the lack of country fixed effects controlling for unobserved determinants of gross domestic product per capita across countries. We show theoretically and empirically that failure to include country fixed effects will create a bias in convergence coefficients toward zero and this bias can be time varying, even when the underlying country-level parameters are stable. These results are relevant not just for the current paper but also for the convergence literature more generally. Our reanalysis finds no evidence of major changes in patterns of convergence and, more importantly, no flattening of the relationship between institutional variables and economic growth. Focusing on democracy, we show that this variable's impact continues to be precisely estimated and if anything a little larger than at the beginning of the sample.


Purpose – This paper aims to provide an alternative method of building quality collections for Jewish Studies collection development professionals in small and medium‐sized academic libraries with highly restricted budgets.Design/methodology/approach – Sources of Jewish Studies literary awards were identified and a detailed analysis of awarded books' subjects and the publishing sources was conducted.Findings – The results show that awarded books cover a vast variety of subjects of interest to Jewish Studies collections. Since many of them are also published by academic presses, the use of identified Jewish Studies book award sources should be considered by bibliographers responsible for building Jewish Studies collections in non‐sectarian college libraries with very limited budgetary resources.Practical implications – The "one stop" access to all award sources and awarded books provides an easy access to otherwise dispersed information.Originality/value – The comprehensive list of awards, nominated and wi...


Biological aspects of the predatory insect Stethorus gilvifrons (Mulsant) fed on nymphs of the two – spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch were studied in laboratory at 25 ± 1 C and 70 ± 5 % RH., Egg incubation period of eggs lasted 3.87 and 4.07 days for male and female, respectively. The first female larval instar was active stage lived for about 2.93 days, during which it consumed and 7.73 T. urticae individuals with a daily rate of 2.64 preys / day. The same trend was noticed within the second larval instar that lived for a shorter time 2.00 days and consumed 14.80 preys with a daily 7.40 preys. The third larval instar lived for 2.33 and consumed 25.46 with a daily rate of 10.92 preys / day. The fourth instar lasted 4.13 days during which it consumed 69.40 with daily rate of 16.80 prey individuals. Pupal stage lasted for 3.73 and 4.47 days for male and female, respectively. Life cycle durated 17.70 and 19.90 days for male and female , respectively. Average male and female longivety was 24.33 and 36.46 days, respectively. Data showed that adult female of S .gilvifrons, which lived 36.46 days, consumed a total number of T. urticae nymphs 2267.13 prey nymphs / female . Thus, adult female consumed during its oviposition period and longevity nearly 77.0 % and 95 % of the total consumed prey during its whole life span. The mean generation time (T) averaged 30.41days. Net reproductive rate (Ro) was 49.53 and the intrinsic rate of natural increase (r) was 0.12 , the finite rate of increase e (λ) was 1.13.


Introduction: Neurofibromas are common cutaneous benign tumours. They have the potentials to become malignant and are of great cosmetic concern with associated morbidity. These are potential health burden to both human and capital resources. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency, age and sex distribution of histologically diagnosed Neurofibroma at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital over a 10year period. Methodology: A 10 year histologically confirmed cases of Neurofibroma from 1 of January, 2004 to 31 December, 2013 were the subjects of interest. The stained Haematoxylin and eosin slides of each subject were retrieved and examined. The data obtained was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 16. Results: There were 46 cases of neurofibroma. The male to female ratio was 1.5:1. The mean age was observed in the 3 decade while the peak age was in the 4 decade. The mean ages for neurofibroma in males and females were in the 3 decades. The head and neck was the most common site in the cases with specified anatomic sites. Conclusion: Neurofibromas are common cutaneous benign tumour with a predilection for males and a peak in the 3 decade.


: The authors propose that the theoretical framework of Western philosophy is supported by metaphysical ontology through the differentiation and analysis of two different kinds of "particulars-universals" in Plato's "world visible to the naked eye" and "world known to the soul" in the solar metaphor and line metaphor. In today's society, where big data, the Internet, and artificial intelligence are prevalent, we should say goodbye to Aristotle's "physicalism", return to Plato's theory of ideas, and use theoretical information science to reinterpret the theory of ideas, change from the scientific paradigm of physicalism to the scientific paradigm of "informatics", and consciously use the world view, scientific outlook, and methodology of information science to guide our study, life, and work.


In the template-set approach to VLSI pattern inspection, all patterns in a local window (i.e. a 5*5 array of pixels) that are allowed by the design rules are collected as a template set, and an image in the window centered at each pixel position is compared to the templates to determine whether the pattern is defective. To make this method practical, the number of acceptable templates must be reasonably small and template matching must be fast. By introducing don't-care conditions into the templates, the number of required templates was reduced. A maskable content-addressable memory was used to implement templates with don't-care conditions and to permit parallel comparison of an incoming pattern with all templates in the set. A custom VLSI chip was designed with a 2- mu m double-metal CMOS technology, which can perform parallel template matching at the rate of 1.6*10/sup 7/ local images per second. >


ABSTRACT The territory of colonialism. Territory, Politics, Governance. Stuart Elden writes of territory as a specific form of sovereignty, and has provided its genealogy through a study of European texts. These texts drew upon a Roman legacy and engaged the practical issue of the relations between papal and monarchical powers. This paper argues that colonialism was at least as important a context for the elaboration of territory as a strategy of sovereignty. Furthermore, and as the example of Ireland shows, this colonial practice was not only a matter external to Europe.


In our experiment, the method of in situ hybridization with some modification was used to quickly screen out the transformed colonies of dinitrogen fixing filamentous cyaobacteria Anabaena azollae. In order to effectively complete lysis of A. azollae cells, which can cause colonies on nitrocellulose membrane over agar plate, several physical methods, such as freeze-thawing with liquid nitrogen, microwave treatment and incubation at


Terahertz band detection technology is widely researched, for it brings chemical composition and material quality information of the object. In this work, the metal gratings/Si Blocked-impurity-band (BIB) hybrid structure is proposed. Then, we fabricate two devices with different metallic gratings and one without metallic gratings. The three different devices can response to different wavebands. According to the Fourier spectrum result, the peak wavelengths of the three devices are 15.86, 18.92 and 26 μm, respectively. Our work successfully realizes the modulation of photoelectric response wavelength and provides a novel THz detector for the application of national security, astronomical observation and life sciences.


Abstract Azapropazone is an analgesic and anti‐inflammatory agent that is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders, as well as in acute gout, because of its uricosuric properties. A simple and sensitive high performance liquid chromatographic method (HPLC), for the determination of azapropazone in its pharmaceutical form has been developed and validated. Azapropazone and indapamide (internal standard) were separated by a reversed phase column (Supelco Hypersil 5 µm, 150×4.6 mm ID, C18) with a mobile phase consisting of K2HPO4 (0.1 M) and methanol (55∶45, v/v) (at pH 7.0). The mobile phase was pumped at 1.2 mL min−1 flow rate then azapropazone was determined by ultraviolet detection at 251 nm. The method has an average analysis time of 5.81 min. for azapropazone. The flow injection analysis (FIA) was performed by using a carrier stream of ethanol∶water (10∶90, v/v) with a flow rate of 1.2 mL min−1. The LOD and LOQ concentrations of azapropazone for the two methods were 2.77×10−8 M and 8.41×10−8 M for HPLC, 3.65×10−7 M and 1.10×10−6 M for FIA, respectively. The results obtained from the analysis of capsule samples using both methods were compared by common statistical tests. There was no significant difference observed between the methods.


In 2005 the European particle physics masterclasses attracted 3000 students from 18 European countries to visit one of 58 universities and education centres. The participants worked with data from real high energy particle collisions, learned about particle physics, and experienced research and education environments at European universities. In an evaluation of the masterclasses 70% of the participants reported that they learned 'much' or 'very much' about the organization of scientific research and more than 80% of the participants, in some countries more than 95%, highly appreciated the masterclass programme in general. The appreciation of the masterclasses was independent of gender, pre-knowledge of particle physics and computer knowledge. An event like the masterclasses, where the students are engaged in an experimental research process, has the potential to add valuable experiences to physics education in school environments.


The pedigree of porokeratosis plantaris,palmaris,et disseminata in China was firstly reported.The proband was a21-year-old man,whose lesions first appeared on the palm side of right middle finger at the age of ten,and subsequently on the areas exposed to sunlight ,extraordinarily on the face,and then spread through the whole part of body,including on the areas not exposed to ultraviolet radiation.A biopsy was taken from the lower leg of the proband,and the changes of histopathology indicated that this case accorded with porokeratosis.On closer investigations into the whole pedigree,mem-bers amounted to90in5generations,including26such cases(17males and9females).Thus after analyzing the data,this pedigree pre sent ed the characteristics of autosomal dominant inheritance.Finally this pedigree was diagnosed as auto somal dominant in herited disease of porokeratosis plantaris,palmaris,et disseminata.The clinical features,inheritance mode and differential di agnosis of several subtypes of this disease have been discussed in the paper.


Synthetic fiber ropes e.g. polyester, aramid and HMPE ropes, as the main component of the taut mooring systems, have totally different mechanical properties i.e. tension-elongation relationship compared with the steel mooring chain and wire ropes especially under cyclic loading conditions induced by the combined effects of wind, wave and current. Dynamic stiffness has to be modelled to represent the dynamic effect of the tension-elongation properties of the fiber ropes. Indeed, the dynamic stiffness is dependent not only on the mean load, strain amplitude or load amplitude, but also on loading cycles based on the observation of experiments. Unlike the classical formulation involving only the mean load, a new empirical expression which takes into account of all three parameters including mean load, strain amplitude and loading cycles is employed into the mooring analysis model. The iteration process is performed based on the update of the mean load for the calculation of the stiffness until it is converged. The mooring lines utilizing the three materials including polyester, aramid and HMPE fiber ropes are analyzed by the mooring analysis method. The effects of all the parameters especially the loading cycles are investigated and compared with other traditional empirical expressions of the dynamic stiffness. It is demonstrated that the loading cycles have obvious influence on the axial tension response at the fairlead due to the increase of more than 10% brought to the dynamic stiffness with the loading process.


Abstract : A method has been developed for evaluating from shadow or schlieren photographs the pressure drag of axially symmetrical bodies at zero angle of attack or of two-dimensional bodies producing detached shock. The method consists in the determination of the flow properties along a characteristic line and the application of the momentum theorem to a stream tube around the body. The method can be applied to the determination of external drag of supersonic inlets with subsonic flow at the entrance of the inlet.


Through a large number of fact findings and by consulting such data as Ancient History, National Journals, Confucian Classics, Taoism and Meism, this paper discusses the following questions: the abuttals of the ancient Meishan cave region and the origin of Meishan; the investigation and evidence of the Chiyou wuchang; the worship of ox horn and ox king; the cultural connotation of maple worship. So, we can draw two conclusions in matters of principle: (1) When the Meishan was developed during the Northern Song Dynasty, the residents of the Miao nationality and the Yao nationality there were the descendants of the Chiyou Tribe. (2) The ancient Meishan cave region is one of the settlements of the ancient Chiyou Tribe.


Probabilistic automata (p.a.) are a generalization of finite deterministic automata. We follow the formulation of finite automata in Rabin and Scott (1959) where the automata %plane1D;504; have two-valued output and thus can be viewed as defining the set T(%plane1D;504;) of all tapes accepted by %plane1D;504;. This involves no loss of generality. A p.a. is an automaton which, when in state s and when input is σ, has a probability p (s, σ)} of going into any state s . With any cut-point 0 ≤ λ < 1, there is associated the set T(%plane1D;504;,λ) of tapes accepted by %plane1D;504; with cutpoint λ.


This paper introduces the new technology was acquired safitying effect for stern tube assembly by pouring epoxy resin to fixed in stern post.and then detail expatiates the new technology for shafting aligment from the launching changed in the (slipway) duck , This new technology was shortened the wharf and building period .


The evaluation and impact of public libraries is highly topical as local authorities make decisions about what can and cannot be provided through the public purse. This article reports the outcomes of a research workshop which used the Delphi method to gather opinions from expert stakeholders on this subject. Key themes included the value and social benefits of libraries; the need for effective communication; the need for research; the role of CILIP; and the required next steps. The authors suggest the novel approach of using a human rights-based approach to support arguments in favour of public library provision.


Introduced generalized Gibson soils on embankment stability numerical methods,through large-scale finite element software ABAQUS to analysis,put forward a generalized Gibson strength reduction numerical calculation in ABAQUS way,and the foundation of the heterogeneity coefficient for different values m of the numerical calculation and analysis,get the variation on the foundation of the embankment slope stability safety system,the results of its analysis of guiding significance for the design of the embankment slope.


Objective:To discuss the clinical efficacy of heat-clearing and detoxifying resuscitation method on patients with severe hand-foot-and-mouth disease(HFMD) and the protection effect on brain,heart,lungs.Method:ninety patients with HFMD were randomly divided into observation group(n = 45) and control group(n = 45).Control group was given conventional therapy according to 'Hand-foot-mouth disease treatment guidelines(2010 Edition) '.Reduning injection and traditional Chinese medicine were added to observation group by using heat-clearing and detoxifying resuscitation method.Body temperature returned to normal time,Rash,bleb subsidise time,the healing time of oral ulcer and hospital stay of patients were observed.The SPO2 and PaO2 of the 0 day and 3th day were tested;the Aspartate aminotransferase(AST),Lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),Creatine kinase(CK),Isoenzymes of creatine kinase(CK-MB) and Neuron specific enolase(NSE) of 0 day and 5th day were tested.Result:The body temperature returned to normal time,Rash,bleb subsidise time,the healing time of oral ulcer and hospital stay of patients in observation group were lower than control group(P 0.05).The SPO2 and PaO2 level of the 3th day in observation group were higher than control group(P 0.01);the CK and CK-MB level of the 5th day in observation group were lower than control group(P 0.05,P 0.01);the NSE level of the 5th day in observation group were lower than control group(P 0.01).Conclusion:Heat-clearing and detoxifying resuscitation method can Shorten the course of HFMD disease,and it can protect brain,heart,lungs of patients.It is worthy of clinical application.


Ergodicity is a fundamental issue for a stochastic process. In this paper, we refine results on ergodicity for a general type of Markov chain to a specific type or the GI/G/1-type Markov chain, which has many interesting and important applications in various areas. It is of interest to obtain conditions in terms of system parameters or the given information about the process, under which the chain has various ergodic properties. Specifically, we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for geometric, strongand polynomial ergodicity, respectively.


Developmental Stages 3, 4, and 5 of human adrenal glands from 14 anencephalic fetuses (16 weeks' gestation—term) and 28 normal glands from autopsy specimens (8.5 weeks' gestation—4 years) were microscopically compared. The time of disappearance of the transient- zone significantly differed in normal and anencephalic adrenal glands. At birth the anencephalic adrenal was markedly smaller than the normal, but its zonular development was comparable to that of a 2- to 4-year-old normal adrenal gland.


In the following Invited Commentary from Professor Jerry Rosenberg, he recounts his early days experimenting in xenotransplantation. He summarizes his seminal observations on the coagulopathy associated with humoral rejection, particularly on the importance of platelets and thrombosis in the hyperacute rejection of pig kidneys transplanted into dogs. On the one hand, it is easy to see how far we have advanced in the 40 yr since he began his work. On the other, it is clear that we are still grappling with some of the same issues he identified all those years ago. Despite significant progress made in identifying the major xenoantigen as the Gala1,3Gal epitope, defining the critical importance of complement activation on endothelium, and, through progress in molecular biology, generating transgenic and knockout pigs by nuclear transfer, our insight into the role that platelets and coagulation proteases, such as thrombin, play in humoral rejection is still relatively primitive. What we do know is that, although we have extended graft survival from minutes to months, the anomalous activation of hemostatic pathways inside (or around) pig xenografts now appears to be one of the critical problems remaining to be solved. With this in mind, Professor Rosenberg s findings may arguably be as important today as they were 40 yr ago, which is a major reason for inviting him to write this Commentary. Historical insights, such as this one, remind us of the importance of precise empirical observations in relevant disease models. The key to understanding our current problems may be contained within the observations and experience of others from a different time, particularly if given a fresh airing and exposed to a makeover using modern techniques and modern understanding.


In this note, we are interested in the Jacobian Conjecture. For that purpose, we consider some vector fields depending on an \'etale polynomial map. From results of semialgebraic geometry with the consideration of some integral curves of these vector fields, we deduce that an \'etale polynomial endomorphism is a birational morphism. So, by a well known result, an \'etale polynomial endomorphism is a polynomial automorphism.


The effect of difference between day temperture (DT) and night temperature (NT) and constant temperature regime ranging from 15° and 25 °C on the elongation and development of Matthiola incana (stock), Antirrhinum majus (snapdragon), Viola × wittrokiana (pansy) and Impatiens walleriana (Impatiens) seedlings was investigated.The 25 °/15 °C (DT/NT) treatment (positive DIF) promoted plant height and internode and petiole lengths more than did constant 20 °C (zero DIF), on all four species, whereas 15 °/25°C treatumet (negative DIF) suppressed growth compared to zero DIF. On the other hand, the increment of growth during rapid elongation stage was more influenced by average temperature than by DIF. Leaf length and leaf unfolding rate responded to average temperature rather than to DIF.By taking advantage of DIF effects, production of compact seedlings might be facili-tated because DIF regulates tha final height of seedlings, whereas average temperature controls elongation speed. Our data indicate that controls of elongation for a short period may be easier by altering temperature than by changing DIF.


Adsorption isotherms of N2 on graphite have been studied in great detail in a coverage range corresponding to the transition between the fluid and the registered monolayer. This transition is first order up to a temperature of about 82 K. An adsorption isotherm at 84.69 K shows that the methane monolayer also changes from fluid to registered monolayer through a first order transition. A few adsorption isotherms of Kr and Ar are shown at coverages where a transition of a ''higher order'' occurs.


Owing to a steep rise in urban population, there has been a continuous growth in construction of buildings, public or private transport like cars, motorbikes, trains, and planes at a global level. Hence, urban noise has become a major issue affecting the health and quality of human life. In the current environmental scenario, architectural acoustics has been directed towards controlling and manipulating sound waves at a desired level. Structural engineers and designers are moving towards green technologies, which may help improve the overall comfort level of residents. A variety of conventional sound absorbing materials are being used to reduce noise, but attenuation of low-frequency noise still remains a challenge. Recently, acoustic metamaterials that enable low-frequency sound manipulation, mitigation, and control have been widely used for architectural acoustics and traffic noise mitigation. This review article provides an overview of the role of acoustic metamaterials for architectural acoustics and road noise mitigation applications. The current challenges and prominent future directions in the field are also highlighted.


Traditionally, earth-based observations of the zodiacal light (ZL) require two assumptions for further analysis: (A1) the dust density (n) is a power of heliocentric distance (R), n ∝ R −ν ; (A2) the nature (scattering cross section, σ) of the dust is independent of location, σ(r,h,θ)=σ(θ). Observations from Pioneer 10 do not verify these assumptions.


Preparing LIS professionals who are "fit for purpose" is a key factor in meeting those employer demands evidenced in recent studies. This paper builds on two previous largescale studies by the 8Rs Research Team and provides the results of a new study of U.S., Canadian, British and Australian schools of LIS regarding their recruitment strategies and curricular plans in relation to the above research questions. The methodology includes a structured analysis of LIS recruitment materials, and a web-based questionnaire complemented by telephone interviews with selected respondents. The survey population is administrative staff of LIS schools (deans, directors and program coordinators). The paper investigates how we might all evolve in terms of recruiting those individuals who will thrive in the climate of change that is affecting all of the organizations to which our graduates contribute, no matter the country of their employment or their chosen sector.


The BUF/Mna strain is a high thymoma line of rats, and virtually all rats develop overt thymomas by the age of 40 weeks. To reveal the early morphologic changes in this thymomagenesis, thymuses and thyraomas were studied in (ACI/NMs × BUF/Mna)Fl (ABF1) rats, which inherit a thymoma susceptibility gene (Tsr‐1) from the BUF/Mna strain. At 50 weeks of age, 18% of ABF1 rats had developed medium to large thymomas, 54% had just began to develop multiple, small round nodules in their involuted thymuses, and the remaining 29% had involuted thymus only. The nodules were, microscopically, composed of cortex‐like tissues with a starry‐sky pattern, showing a quite similar structure to that of the large macroscopic thymomas of predominantly lymphocytic type seen in 104‐week‐old ABF1 or BUF‐Mna rats. Thus, the nodule was actually a small thymoma. In fact, their epithelial cells often had larger atypical nuclei than those in the adjacent involuted thymus cortex. At 104 weeks of age, the incidences of the medium to large thymomas and the small thymoma nodules in ABF1 rats were 64 and 19%, respectively. These results suggest that the thymoma of ABF1 rats occurs initially as multiple small nodules which develop further into medium to large overt thymomas as a result of growth and fusion.


A new ionic current rectification device responsive to a broad range of pH stimuli is established using highly ordered nanochannels of porous anodic alumina membrane with abrupt surface charge discontinuity. The asymmetric surface charge distribution is achieved by patterning the nanochannels with surface amine functional groups at designed positions using a two‐step anodization process. Due to the protonation/deprotonation of the patterned amine and the remaining intrinsic hydroxyl groups upon solution pH variation, the nanochannel‐array‐based device is able to regulate ion transport selectivity and has ionic current rectification properties. The rectification ratio of the device is mainly determined by the nanochannel size, and the rectification ratio is less sensitive to the patterned length of the amine groups when the nanochannels size is defined. Thus, the isoelectric point of nanochannels can be easily estimated to be the pH value with a unit rectification ratio. The present ionic device is promising for biosensing, molecular transport and separation, and drug delivery in confined environments.


We present the recent measurements of exclusive processes performed in the CMS experiment at the LHC using data collected at a centre of mass energy of 7 TeV. These measurements include the double-pomeron production of photon pairs, the two-photon production of leptons pairs, and the previously undetected two-photon production of W boson pairs. While in case of the two first processes that enables to set limits on production cross-section, in the later case it provides also stringent limits on the anomalous quartic gauge couplings.


The development of innovative and entrepreneurial education is an effective measure to deepen the reform of higher education and to promote full employment. This paper introduces the ways to realize the innovation and entrepreneurship education from the perspective of theory and practice, and gives some suggestions for the guarantee mechanism of innovation and entrepreneurship education. Keywords—Innovation and entrepreneurship education; Higher education; Implementation; Guarantee mechanism


The overall objective of this research was to measure and evaluate the Strategic Communication inside Enfarma EP. In order to fulfill this objective, the evaluation of Communication was presented as a scientific instrument with practical dimension, and the Strategic Communication Plan 2014 was analyzed; to obtain the results of this evaluation, several proposals were raised, which included activities that enable continuous improvement of strategic communication in Enfarma EP. For the present research a theoretical framework was required for the evaluation of strategic communication, and Bridge Communication Management Model, based on which the respective research work was executed. Regarding executed field research, which included semi structured interviews to the Director of Communications department; all necessary data was obtained to evaluate the above Plan, the results were focused on problems related to the lack of personalization and/or characterization of the management and evaluationof communications. Considering these results, several strategies that would allow Enfarma EP to achieve a fully successful communication have been proposed.


The outer can welder (OCW) in the FB-Line Facility at the Savannah River Site (SRS) is a Gas Tungsten Arc Weld (GTAW) system used to create outer canisters compliant with the Department of Energy 3013 Standard, DOE-STD-3013-2000, Stabilization, Packaging, and Storage of Plutonium-Bearing Materials. The key welding parameters controlled and monitored on the outer can welder Data Acquisition System (DAS) are weld amperage, weld voltage, and weld rotational speed. Inner 3013 canisters from the Bagless Transfer System that contain plutonium metal or plutonium oxide are placed inside an outer 3013 canister. The canister is back-filled with helium and welded using the outer can welder. The completed weld is screened to determine if it is satisfactory by reviewing the OCW DAS key welding parameters, performing a helium leak check, performing a visual examination by a qualified weld inspector, and performing digital radiography of the completed weld. Canisters with unsatisfactory welds are cut open and repackaged. Canisters with satisfactory welds are deemed compliant with the 3013 standard for long-term storage.


This work aims to discuss the concepts of affected used currently by the scientific community to name those who suffer in some way with the construction of dams, reflecting and debating theoretical conceptions of the term and its variations. It is applied the most current and conceptualization in use by academic community or agencies. The affected, as a result of large hydroelectric development projects, are those who were deprived of living or working in flooded areas or close to power plant, causing territorial losses and changing the identities of these people. As a study of case, Olhos D'agua settlement, located in Uberlândia-MG, Brazil, proves how affected people need to modify their livelihoods, resulted of the transformation ofcultural relations entered into before and after the arrival of hydroelectric power stations which are part of the energy complex named as Amador Aguiar.


Purpose of reviewNumerous lines of evidence support the likelihood that inflammation drives the transition from obese/metabolically healthy to obese/type 2 diabetes (T2D). Given the temporal flexibility of inflammation in obesity-associated T2D, investigators have hypothesized that a precipitous drop in diabetogenic cytokines is critical for rapid 'T2D remission' following surgery but prior to significant weight loss. We review the evidence that changes in diabetogenic cytokines play a role in outcomes of bariatric surgery, including improved glycemic control. Recent findingsA 2016 indication for bariatric surgery to treat T2D integrates the large body of data showing rapid metabolic improvement. Parameters that account for improved glycemic control prior to significant weight loss, T2D recidivism over the long term, or failure of surgery to remit T2D in some patients are incompletely understood. SummaryWe review the evidence that changes in diabetogenic cytokines play a role in outcomes of bariatric surgery, including improved glycemic control. We brainstorm future research directions that may improve surgical results.


This article presents the composing of system.The design and realization methods of measurement system with GPIB by using MATLAB are investigated by observing a typical example.


Here,we proposed two deterministic routing algorithm for Generalized Hypercube.In order to eliminate the block in routing,we suggested an adaptive routing algorithm,which is the shortest routing and the fastest routing.


The invention relates to an analysis device especially an analysis device used in biochemical analyses comprising a sensor-chip in a first housing, wherein the sensor-chip is part of a module consisting of a chip support, a chip and electric contacts between the chip and the chip support. The chip (1) is encapsulated (5) in such a way that the electric contacts (3, 3', ..., 3VIII) are insulated and the sensitive surface (2) of the sensor-chip (1) remains accessible for a fluid. The module (15) and the first housing form an exchangeable applicator (10, 20, 60) which is inserted into a second housing (80) with an evaluation unit for analysis of and for reading the measured data. The applicator is advantageously designed as a chip card (10) and integrated into the microfluidic components and/or functions.


I f you want to start a heated discussion, bring up the topic of public land grazing. Such public land conversations are often emotionalized and are often not based on fact. People's views can be extremely polarized. A sensitive topic related to this subject is the reduction of livestock numbers. Views on public land grazing vary; there are those who wish to see livestock removed from public lands; there are others whose livelihoods depend on livestock grazing on public lands. However, there is no doubt that livestock numbers on Nevada's public land have been reduced over the last thirty years. Manv rural communities in the ~ Q s t e r n United States depend on a healthy agricultural economic base to prosper. Livestock operations, ~rimarilv sheep and beef cattle, are a major contributing agriculture enterprise in western states like Nevada. Numerous livestock producers rely on public land grazing for continued successful ranching operations. The rural communities have strong ties to the livestock industry. This helps to provide economic stability and a fulfilling rural lifestyle to many families. Federal land manaaeState. The general public typically are unaware of how livestock reductions on public lands impact livestock producers, and associated rural economies. Six Nevada counties (Eureka, Humboldt, Lander, Lincoln, Nye, and White Pine) and three Nevada State Grazing Boards (N-2, N-4, and N-6) initiated research to evaluate the impacts of reducing public land grazing in their respective areas. Resource Concepts, Incorporated (RCI) of Carson City, Nevada in cooperation with the University of Nevada, Reno, Applied Economics and Statistics Department conducted the research (Resource Concepts, Inc. 1998a, 1998b, and 1997). This article summarizes Nevada public land livestock reductions and the resulting economic impacts to the above regions (Figure 1).


convened the first major conference on the practice of reuse of medical devices intended for single use only (16;21). The objective of the conference was to determine the currrent status of knowledge about reprocessing and reuse and to surface and address the technical, clinical, economic, ethical, and legal issues associated with the reuse of "disposable" medical devices. After two days of formal presentations and discussions, it was concluded by a panel of experts that there were large gaps in knowledge of the risk associated with reuse and little data on its cost-effectiveness. The panel recommended further study of the extent of reuse and the legal, economic, and policy ramifications of reuse. The panel asked that IHPA continue to address the issues raised by the practice of reuse.


The increasing number of people causes more waste. Therefore, this study aims to predict the needs of TPA (final disposal sites) to accommodate the amount of waste. The productivity and cost of the operation of heavy equipment are considered for running optimally. The data collection uses two ways, namely by directly to the location and by local agency related to the kind of data needed. The data collected by directly to the location includes the volume of waste in 60 points of 3 sub-districts. Meanwhile, the data collected through local agency includes data of people in the City of Blitar, volume of waste in TPA Ngegog, and the total number of heavy equipment in TPA Ngegog. Based on the volume of waste in the City of Blitar in 2019 and 2029 are namely 68.69 tons/day and 74.14 tons/day. The service level in TPA Ngegog in 2019 is 71.02%, so it is needed an improvement about 95.00% in 2029. The needs of area in 2019 is about 0.222 Ha, and the prediction of the needs of area in 2029 is about 0.312 Ha. The productivity of excavator is 53.12 m3/hour, bulldozer 58.27 Icm/hour, and wheel loader 38.44 Icm/hour. The total cost of heavy equipment is Rp. 2,477,034/day.


We propose an engineered reservoir inducing the relaxation of a cavity field towards non-classical states. It is made up of two-level atoms crossing the cavity one at a time. Each atom-cavity interaction is first dispersive, then resonant, then dispersive again. The reservoir pointer states are those produced by a fictitious Kerr Hamiltonian acting on a coherent field. We thereby stabilize squeezed states and quantum superpositions of multiple coherent components in a cavity having a finite damping time. This robust method could be implemented in state-of-the-art experiments and lead to interesting insights into mesoscopic quantum state superpositions. Non-classical states of the radiation field are the focus of a considerable interest. Squeezed states (SS), with reduced fluctuations on one field quadrature, are interesting for high precision quantum measurements [1]. Mesoscopic field state superpositions (MFSS), involving coherent components with different classical properties, are reminiscent of the famous Schrödinger cat [2], in a superposition of the "dead" and "alive" states. Their environment-induced decoherence sheds light on the quantum-classical boundary [3]. Our aim is to generate and even stabilize such states using reservoir engineering Many experiments on MFSS have been proposed or realized, particularly with trapped ions [4] (whose harmonic motion is equivalent to a field mode) or cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED) [3], with a single atom coupled to a single field mode. Introducing the atom in a state superposition and finally detecting it leads to the preparation of a MFSS, conditionned by the atomic detection outcome [3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11]. Deterministic preparation of MFSS could, in principle, be achieved by propagation of a coherent field in a Kerr medium [12], described by the Hamiltonian: HK = ζK N + γK N 2 , (1) (N: photon number operator ; ζK is proportional to the ∗email@example.com linear index ; γK : Kerr frequency; units are chosen such that ~ = 1 throughout the paper). An initial coherent state |α〉 evolves with the interaction time tK through a sequence of nonclassical states e−i tKHK |α〉 distributed in phase space along the circle with radius |α| [3, 7.2]. For tKγK ≪ π, the field is in a quadrature-squeezed state |sα〉 with a nearly Gaussian Wigner function W . For tKγK = π/k, we get a MFSS |kα〉 of k equally spaced coherent components. For tKγK = π/2, a "Schrödinger cat" state |cα〉 = (|αeiφα〉 + i |-αeiφα〉)/ √ 2 is reached (with φα = −ζKtK). Note that the collisional interaction Hamiltonian for an atomic sample in an optical lattice is similar to HK [13]. The unconditional preparation, protection and longterm stabilization of SS and MFSS is an essential goal for the study and practical use of these states. We envision in this Letter a reservoir engineering setup in CQED that would drive to e.g. |cα〉 any initial state. Reservoir engineering [14, 15] protects target quantum states by coupling the system to an "engineered" bath whose pointer states [16] include the target. The system is effectively decoupled from its standard environment by its much stronger coupling with the engineered bath. For trapped ions, reservoirs composed of laser fields can stabilize a subspace containing superpositions of coherent vibrations [14, 11]. However, they do not prevent mixing of states belonging to the stabilized subspace, making it impossible to protect a specific MFSS [3, pp. 487-488]. A reservoir stabilizing the components on n vibration states with n + 2 lasers is proposed in [15]. In CQED proposals, reservoirs protect squeezed states [17] and entanglement of two field modes [18]. In [19], a reservoir made up of a stream of atoms crossing the cavity stabilizes MFSS (cotangent states). However, the scheme is based on the trapping state condition [20] (a resonant atom entering the cavity in its upper state undergoes a 2pπ quantum Rabi pulse in an n-photon field), very sensitive to finite cavity temperature. We propose a robust method to stabilize SS and MFSS in a CQED experiment. The engineered reservoir is made up of a stream of 2-level atoms undergoing a tailored


Infrastructure exerts a significant influence on economic development. Infrastructure investment has been catching the attention of the scholar circle,the enterprise circle,and the authorities.Many scholars,on venture of Econometric methods,find that the a 1% of the infrastructure leads to a increase of 3% of economic growth.It has been widely realized that the infrastructure investment contributes to the economy development.The analysis on the relationship between the economy development and the infrastructure investment is limited in gross analysis,without the mention of the different kind of the infrastructure investment as well as the different demand structures in different phases of economic development.As the reality shows,the conflict between the supply and demand as to the infrastructure investment comes to being the main problem to our society.Consequently,enhancing the infrastructure investment also has been serving as an effective means to contributing to the economic development for many authorities.


In order to secure engineering quality of the cement stabilized macadam base,it is necessary to exercise optimization design on cement stabilized macadam base mixture,and enhance quality control of the construction process.The aspects of the requirements on the raw materials,optimization of mixture ratio,mixing,paving,compaction and quality checking are described in this paper.


The dam is the wall that holds the water in, and the operation of multiple dams is complicated decisionmaking process as an optimization problem (Oliveira & Loucks, 1997). Traditionally researchers have used mathematical optimization techniques with linear programming (LP) or dynamic programming (DP) formulation to find the schedule. However, most of the mathematical models are valid only for simplified dam systems. Accordingly, during the past decade, some meta-heuristic techniques, such as genetic algorithm (GA) and simulated annealing (SA), have gathered great attention among dam researchers (Chen, 2003) (Esat & Hall, 1994) (Wardlaw & Sharif, 1999) (Kim, Heo & Jeong, 2006) (Teegavarapu & Simonovic, 2002). Lately, another metaheuristic algorithm, harmony search (HS), has been developed (Geem, Kim & Loganathan, 2001) (Geem, 2006a) and applied to various artificial intelligent problems, such as music composition (Geem & Choi, 2007) and Sudoku puzzle (Geem, 2007). The HS algorithm has been also applied to various engineering problems such as structural design (Lee & Geem, 2004), water network design (Geem, 2006b), soil stability analysis (Li, Chi & Chu, 2006), satellite heat pipe design (Geem & Hwangbo, 2006), offshore structure design (Ryu, Duggal, Heyl & Geem, 2007), grillage system design (Erdal & Saka, 2006), and hydrologic parameter estimation (Kim, Geem & Kim, 2001). The HS algorithm could be a competent alternative to existing metaheuristics such as GA because the former overcame the drawback (such as building block theory) of the latter (Geem, 2006a). To test the ability of the HS algorithm in multiple dam operation problem, this article introduces a HS model, and applies it to a benchmark system, then compares the results with those of the GA model previously developed. BACKGROUND


Eels of species Anguilla anguilla were exposed to sublethal concentrations of fenitrothion in a flow-through test system. Bioaccumulation and elimination of the toxicant in the branchial tissue of the eels were studied. Steady-state was reached after 48 hr of exposure to 0.02 ppm of toxicant, and earlier (24 hr) exposed to 0.04 ppm. Steady-state was maintained until the end of the exposure in both experiments. The highest bioconcentration factor (BCF) value was calculated in animals exposed to 0.04ppm of toxicant, showing the relationship between the bioconcencentration into gills and the water disponibility. When the animals were transferred to clean water (depuration phase) they showed a rapid tendency to eliminate the pesticide. Pharmaco-kinetics parameters for fenitrothion in eel gills (K 1 , K 1 and T 1 /2) were calculated. They showed relatively low K 2 (0.0014 and 0.029 hr -1 ) and higher half-lives. Paralelly, total protein content in the gills was monitored during exposure and depuration phases. A depletion of total proteins of a 70% was observed in gill tissue at the end of the pesticide exposure. Although a tendency to recover protein levels was observed during the depuration phases, the depletion was maintained until the end of the experiments. The results showed a stress situation as a consequence of fenitrothion exposure which indicates the use of proteins as response to the increased energy requirements in this tissue.


The Camaqua Supergroup, located in the central-south region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, constitutes a rift-type post-orogenic sedimentary basin, whose deposition occurred in a continental environment between the Ediacaran and the Eocambrian. The upper succession of the Camaqua Supergroup is represented by the Guaritas Group, a unit formed by fluvial, eolian and alluvial fan deposits that keeps important records of the sedimentation right after the end of the neoproterozoic orogenesis that gave rise to the Gondwana supercontinent. The objective of the present work was to apply sedimentary provenance analysis in conglomeratic arenites and conglomerates of the Guaritas Group, in order to explore the climatic and tectonic evolution history of this unit. Based on the pebble compositional data, two main source areas were recognized for the deposits of this unit, a more distal one located to the north, related with a trunk river system parallel to the basin main axis, and a more proximal one located to the east, related to transversal fluvial systems and alluvial fans at the border of the basin. The comparison of the provenance data with previous studies on facies and paleocurrents suggests that, during the entire evolution of the east border of the basin, there was a same transversal fluvial system, whose catchment area suffered significative reductions due to the reactivation of the east border fault during the deposition of the Varzinha and Pedra Pintada Formations. The Serra do Apertado Formation, the upper unit of Guaritas Group, shows a high correlation between the variation of quartzose and non quartzose pebbles composition, and it was attributed to a variation between more humid and more arid climatic conditions.


Chhana whey is a nutritious by product of dairy industry and its usage for formulation of whey beverages will facilitate its economic utilisation and prevent environmental pollution. Amla or Aonla is the richest source of vitamin C with many health benefits. In the present study Amla juice was used to enrich vitamin C content and enhance nutritional value of chhana whey. Amla whey drink was prepared by blending amla juice at 5, 10 and 15 per cent of chhana whey. Sugar was added at 10 per cent. Based on sensory evaluation and physico- chemical characteristics like pH, acidity, ascorbic acid, total soluble solids, total solids, viscosity the best level was selected. The effect of different heat treatments like 63°C/ 30 min, 72°C/1 min, 80°C/5 min on sensory characteristics and vitamin C stability of Amla whey drink was also analysed. The beverage prepared from 10 per cent blend had highest overall acceptability scores (8.27). There was 5 times increase in ascorbic acid content of whey when amla juice was added at 10 per cent. The heat treatment at temperature of 72°C /1min was found to be the best as it retained more ascorbic acid.


Percolation charge transport on an electrified surface under the adsorption of an electrically conductive phase is considered for the first time. The influence of adsorption and nucleation kinetics on the formation of percolation clusters, which allow the excess charge to flow off and to be subsequently neutralized, is studied. It is revealed that the percolation transitions are crucial in the stability of the electrostatic charge accumulated on a dielectric surface. It is found that the increase in both the spontaneous nucleation rate and the initial surface fraction covered by an electrically conductive phase leads to a drop in the percolation transition time.


Range data have become increasingly popular in recent years. Range sensors can acquire shape directly, thus avoiding the difficulties of methods using multiple intensity images, and have been adopted in many applications: bin picking, robotic assembly, inspection, recognition, robot navigation, automated cartography and medical diagnosis to name but a few.


The Florida Mariculture Act, the first such law in the United States, is discussed. The Department of Natural Resources and the Division of Marine Resources help regulate leasing of permits under the Act. Areas may be leased for mariculture, but the rights of the public cannot be denied.


An investigation was made of the effect of different cyclic heat treatments on the "high rate" creep and stress-strain characteristics of FS-lh magnesium alloy and 75S-T6 aluminum alloy sheet metal. The heat treatments to which the alloys were subjected consisted of a varying series of heating and cooling cycles such that the periods at heat treating temperature totaled 60 minutes. Temperatures investigated were 250[degrees] and 550[degrees]F. Following heat treatment, both tensile and creep tests were conducted at room temperature and at the temperature of heat treatment.

This thesis encompasses the investigation of FS-lh magnesium alloy, while the investigation of 75S-T6 aluminum alloy is covered in the current thesis of the author's co-worker(1).

It was found for the range of heat treatment cycling (1-20 cycles) and temperatures investigated, that there is no effect on the physical properties as a result of changing the number of heating cycles. Cyclic heat treatment at 550[degrees]F was the only treatment to result in a reduction of physical properties, and this only when tested at room temperature.

It was also found that, within the time range investigated, exposure time exhibits a negligible effect on the physical properties of the material. However, elevated temperatures affect the yield and ultimate properties.


The Mg-Ga alloy-type electrode is one of the potential anode materials for Magnesium-ion batteries (MIBs). In this work, the thermodynamic, electrochemical and kinetic properties of Mg-Ga compounds, i.e. Mg2Ga5, MgGa2, MgGa, Mg2Ga and Mg5Ga2, have been systematically studied. Combining the first-principles calculations and charge-discharge experimental results, the structure evolution and voltage curves of Mg-Ga compounds are presented, where the Mg-Ga compounds show low voltages and high capacity up to 1922 mAh·g-1 with Mg5Ga2. Additionally, the diffusion barriers of Mg in Mg-Ga alloys are low, which is favorable for the fast ion-transmission and then good rate performance as anodes of MIBs.


A semi-supervised active DBN learning algorithm based on EM and classification loss is set forth for building Dynamic Bayesian Networks (DBN) classifier when it is difficult to get sufficient labeled training data. Although the EM algorithm of semi-supervised learning can use unlabeled examples to learn DBN, it often suffers from adding incorrect class information which affect classifier's accuracy. The classification loss method of active learning combined with EM results in maximal reduction of the uncertainty of classifying unlabeled examples through actively selecting useful unlabeled examples to label and adding them to training data. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the efficiency and accuracy of DBN learner and can achieve expected classification accuracy quickly.


A case study was undertaken at Uyole, a small village in Mbeya region (Latitude 8 53's and Longitude 33 39'E) to find out the extent of women involvement and problems in horticultural crop production. Horticultural crops commonly grown at Uyole include tomatoes, cabbage, onion, garlic, carrots and amaranthus. Of the 50 women interviewed, less than 10% were involved in the actual production as well as both production and retailers) of the crops. A large percentage of the production was in the hands of men particularly when the crops attained a commercial status. Household activities among other reasons prevented women from involving themselves into this labour intensive and risky adventure.


A welding head with twin electrodes for electric resistance welding features that its two electrodes made of refractory W or Mo with high strength and hardness are combined together in such manner that an insulating pad with insulating adhesive on its both surfaces is filled in the small gap between two electrodes.


Objective To investigate the 64-slice spiral CT angiography and coronary angiography for coronary heart disease diagnosis.Methods Totally 269 patients with coronary heart disease after MSCT coronary angiography examination,observed two methods of stenosis coincidence rate.Results MSCT coronary angiography examinations with 95.16% compliance rate.Conclusions 64 slice spiral CT coronary angiography is safe,simple and noninvasive.With a scanning speed,time and space,high resolution,for coronary artery disease diagnosis have greater practical value.


. Urban open space is an important image window of a city, and the landscape design of open space plays a decisive role in improving the image of the city, and garden landscape is the most basic and key part of landscape design. It runs through the whole design process and directly affects the realization of the final design goal. Reasonable planning of high-quality garden landscape can not only represent the overall image of the city, but also represent the cultural heritage of the city. In order to improve and apply the computer aided design (CAD) system of 3D garden landscape, this article puts forward an optimization model of spatial pattern of garden landscape based on artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm, and uses artificial neural network (ANN) to realize the rendering process of polygon processing, coloring, blanking, lighting and projection, so as to generate a realistic landscape model and realize the visual design of 3D garden landscape. The test results show that the algorithm has higher accuracy for optimizing the spatial pattern of garden landscape, which is more than 20% higher than the layout optimization algorithm based on SVM algorithm. The planning and construction department of garden landscape can use the CAD model of landscape to understand the construction pattern of landscape comprehensively and intuitively, and provide auxiliary decision-making for the overall planning.


Melting temperatures of DNA duplexes containing the phenoxazine (P) and G-clamp (X) cytosine analogues exhibited a strong and unusual dependence on the nucleoside flanking the modified nucleobase, and the same trend was observed in PNA-DNA duplexes incorporating X in the PNA chain. Molecular dynamics simulations of the DNA duplexes show that generalized stacking (including secondary interactions of the ammonium group of X) and hydrogen bonding are good descriptors of the different duplex stabilities.


In this paper, an algebraic solution for elliptic localization in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar systems is proposed by taking the uncertainties in antenna positions and their clock parameters into account. Through nonlinear transformation and multi-stage processing, the target position is estimated in closed-form by successively utilizing the weighted least squares estimator. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that the proposed method is able to attain the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) performance under mild Gaussian error. The conditions for achieving the CRLB are derived as well. The numerical simulations confirm the analytical results and demonstrate significant performance improvement of the proposed estimator in comparison with the state-of-the-art methods.


The new standards advocate integrated engineering processes. A process is a kind of system. As such, it derives its added value from the relationships among its parts (e.g., activities). For a group of activities to be truly integrated (versus merely aggregated), their interfaces must be well defined. In engineering processes, these interfaces usually indicate a flow of information. Engineering processes are extremely complex because of the large number of interfaces, as many types of information flow to many destinations. This paper reviews a powerful technique, the design structure matrix (DSM), for representing and analyzing complex processes. The DSM is extended to account for external inputs and outputs, providing the basis for process "puzzle pieces" that can be assembled to form large, integrated processes. INTRODUCTION Emerging standards for engineering, design, and product development processes such as CMMi, EIA/IS 731, ISO 15288, etc. advocate the inclusion of a number of "good practices." Essentially, these practices are activities that should be part of any development process so that it can be capable, mature, repeatable, etc.—with the implication that such processes provide the maximum value to their customers and users. Unfortunately, processes for the development of large, complex systems are already complex, and the inclusion of additional activities does not make them any simpler. One of the major problems in complex system development projects is the difficulty coordinating the contributions of a number of activities, such that each of these contributions comes at just the right time. In product development, many of the contributions come in the form of information that is consumed, transformed, and supplied by activities. The value of the process is compromised when information is "out of sync," forcing those executing activities to make assumptions in the absence of real data [3, 4]. This problem is exacerbated as more activities and contributions must be managed. No one can keep track of everything. We need better tools that will give us visibility into these situations, highlight problems, suggest solutions, and be able to handle increasing complexity. A classic means to address and reduce complexity is through modeling. A model is an abstract representation of reality that is built, analyzed, and manipulated to increase understanding of that reality. A good model is helpful for testing hypotheses about the effects of certain actions in the real world, where such actions would be too disruptive or costly to try in the real situation. Here, we are interested in models that will help us represent, understand, manage, and improve complex processes. Such models would also facilitate process integration. Process modeling, like many other types of system modeling, is often approached through process decomposition into simpler elements. But a complex process is more than just a grouping of activities. It exists for a purpose—to produce something. Especially in product development context s, that something typically requires the activities to collaborate, not simply to make a unilateral contribution. Process complexity is a function of (1) the number of elements, (2) the individual complexity of each of those elements, (3) the number of relationships between the elements, and (4) the individual complexity of each of those relationships. Rechtin [7] reminds us that relationships among elements are what give systems their added value, and that the greatest leverage in systems architecting is at the interfaces. This is no less true for processes. Hence, a good process model must account for the interfaces between its activities. Unfortunately, what often passes for a process model in industry fails to say much about the relationships between activities, 1 Of course, decomposition presents the danger of incorrect abstraction—failing to represent the characteristics of the process that provide its full value and capability.


As many as five monthly applications may be required each year to protect southern pine seed orchards from coneworms, Dioryctria spp. Insecticides targeted to control coneworms usually provide control of two other pests, the leaffooted pine seed bug, Leptoglossus corculus, and the shieldbacked pine seed bug, Tetyra bipunctata. Esfenvalerate (Asana XL) is a pyrethroid insecticide that is effective for both coneworms and seed bugs. Aerial application of the maximum labeled rate of esfenvalerate can cause outbreaks of secondary pests such as scale insects and mealy bugs. These secondary insect outbreaks promote growth of unsightly sooty mold and reduce tree vigor and growth.


Calcium ion plays a very important role as second messenger during the development of the nervous system. The brain originates during the embryonic period from a restricted portion of the primitive ectoderm, the neural ectoderm, from which neural precursors are born. From there, these cells must migrate to their final destination, proliferate, differentiate and establish specific contacts. During such events, they and their progeny sense a broad variety of extracellular signals, to which they respond according to their genetic program in order to shape the nervous system. In such process, Ca 2+ takes part as a second messenger, because Ca 2+ signals couple extracellular signal-generated membrane events with the cytoplasmic biochemical pathways and nuclear gene expression programs required for neurodevelopment. The study of signal transduction through Ca 2+ signals during nervous system development has been fundamental for the comprehension of the molecular and cellular processes involved in encephalon formation and in neurodevelopmental disorders. In the present work, we show some evidence about Ca 2+ role during the most relevant neurodevelopment milestones, hoping to give a state of the art knowledge in the normal and pathologic nervous system development.


There are two main motivations to look for a low electron mobility gas: the first is that a low drift velocity relaxes the need to measure drift times with nanosecond (or even subnanosecond) precision; the second is that (in an ideal drift geometry), the capability of resolving two closely spaced tracks depends upon the ratio of electron mobility to ion mobility pc/pi. Since /Xi is rather constant, the way to separate two tracks is to slow down the electrons.


This research is motivated by the importance of social skills for elementary school students. Social skills are abilities that must be possessed by every individual to function well in their social environment. Social skills must be instilled through the stages of learning and habituation. One of the approaches to instill social skills is through marching band activities. This research aimed at finding out how marching band activities can emerge and develop students' social skills. This research used a qualitative approach with a case study research design. Three ways of collecting data were used to obtain data, which are interviews, observation, and documentation. As a result, marching band activities can bring up various social skills of students, including basic interaction skill, basic communication skill, team or group building skill, and problem-solving skill. Meanwhile, the factors that influenced the formation of social skills in marching band activities in elementary schools are group activity factor, situation factor, regulatory factor, program or design factor, and peer relationship factor.


BACKGROUND/AIM
The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and feasibility of neoadjuvant nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine therapy for patients with borderline resectable pancreatic carcinoma (BRPC).

PATIENTS AND METHODS
The study was a prospective single-center phase I trial for patients with BRPC. The primary endpoint was the toxicity, and secondary endpoints were the resection rate, the R0 resection rate and quality of life (QOL) regarding the peripheral sensory neuropathy (PSN). This trial was registered on the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000018382) and on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02506803).

RESULTS
The overall rate of any grade and grade 3-4 events (CTCAE ver. 4.0 criteria) were 100% and 90%. The majority of these adverse events represented expected neutropenia. The resection and R0 resection rates were 80% and 70%, respectively.

CONCLUSION
We found that neoadjuvant nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine therapy was safe and feasible without stringent selection of patients with BRPC.


At the Photon Factory, the storage ring with an elliptic shape varies its size due to heat generated from many accelerator components and beamline instruments packed in the ring building as well as due to solar irradiation and atmospheric heat. We continuously measured the major axis length of the ring with a laser interferometer, and also measured temperatures at the building roof slab and on two floors of ring tunnel and experimental hall. It was found that the long-term variation in the major axis length is well reproduced by a computer simulation.<<ETX>>


The purpose of this study was to detect any changes in the erector spinae muscles In patients undergoing surgery for lumbar disc herniation (LDH) and to analyze which factors (sex, age, the level and site of disc protrusion, and duration of symptoms) would be related to these changes. The percentage of mean area of the type I fibers was significantly larger in males and in the older age group (P < 0.05), due to the decreasing size of type lla and llb fibers. Patients with LDH have: 1) angulated and selective atrophy of type II fibers with a higher type llb/lla ratio; 2) with increasing age and duration of symptoms, more marked atrophy of type II fibers; and 3) other unspeciflc pathologic changes.


To discover biomarkers involved in the pathophysiology of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitis (AAV) and to determine whether low‐density granulocytes (LDGs) contribute to gene expression signatures in AAV.


EDITOR—The paper by Stotter et al is an important reminder of the need for caution when comparing incidence and survival rates between different populations.1 At the Thames Cancer Registry we have developed a method of estimating completeness of ascertainment as a function of time since diagnosis.2 As part of this procedure, Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival are calculated, and we have included cases registered solely on the basis of information from their death certificates, assuming that …


It has been a long time for Hong Kong and Mainland to deal with the matter of fugitive offenders without regulations. The precedent model is based on the present situation and case negotiations. It accepts the stare decisis doctrine by which both Hong Kong and Mainland are obliged to respect the precedents established by prior decisions. The model makes use of existing laws to repatriate fugitive offenders. And it is a transitional model whose aim is to create conditions for bilateral agreement between Hong Kong and Mainland. The main content of the model includes establishing system of precedents,applying system of precedents and appropriate negotiators.


ABSTRACT Economic Wellbeing Index (EWI) builds upon poverty measurement by shifting the unit of measurement to the individual and accounting for the barriers to wellbeing faced by persons with disabilities. Surveying Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) of Pakistan and EWI reveals that the measures were less likely to agree when the respondent was a person with disability. The discrepancy suggests that MPI may be susceptible to understating individual poverty faced by persons with disability. We conclude that further research is required to improve the veracity of EWI, and suggest that EWI could also help capture individual poverty faced by other marginalized groups.


Functional and structural features of plant patches in different ecological sites are used as ecological threshold predictors in natural ecosystems. This study aimed to: (i) find the effect of types of plant patches (based on live form) on potential and function of woodland ecosystems and (ii) compare plant patches function in utilized and un-utilized sites on the south slope of Alborz Mountain, Golestan Province. For this purpose, eleven parameters of the soil surface attributes of each plant patches were assessed using the Landscape Function Analysis methodology across four transects of 100 meters located at the highest slope. Then stability, nutrient cycle, and infiltration indicators of each plant patches were calculated using Excel software. These indicators were tested between two sites and within the plant patch groups using Student t-test and Duncan comparison of means analysis, respectively, by SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software. The study did not find a significant difference between the two sites and the plant patches, except for the stability indicator between the sites. Also, results showed different functions within the groups of the sites, especially in the woody plant patches with the highest function in all the indicators in both sites. Woody and woody-grass were the most important ecological indicators at utilized and un-utilized sites. The results of this study suggest that the use of Landscape Function Analysis provides a simple, rapid and consistent method in assessment of the forest ecosystems health.


the public, and (2) methods that are unfair under the Commerce Act or illegal under the Clayton Act or other special statutes because of trade restraining or monopolistic nature, capacity or tendency. Unfairness as against good morals is briefly and pointedly explained with reference to (I) misrepresenting own goods, (2) misrepresentation of own business, and (3) disparagement of competitors' goods or business; each of which is discussed with respect to origin, identity, quantity, quality, effectiveness, advantage, approval, and price of goods or business; (4) deceptive interference, (5) commercial bribery, (6) deceptive selling devices, and (7) lotteries and other immoral methods. Methods that are unfair because of trade restraining or monopolistic nature, capacity, or tendency are subdivided into (I) cooperation and combination through contracts and conspiracies, illegal codes, interlocking directorates, etc., (2) coercion and restraint through tying agreements, exclusive dealing, price discrimination, resale price maintenance, imposition of arbitrary rates, etc., and (3) destructive opposition through selling below cost, boycott, and harassing practices. Brief chapters are devoted to Interstate Commerce and Public Interest, jurisdiction of the Federal Trade Commission under the Interstate Commerc~ Act, the definition of Public Interest as it may be interpreted from the jurisdiction of the Federal Trade Commission, and the Federal Trade Commission method of trial procedure. An appendix includes a classified list of Federal Trade Commission rulings, the Federal Trade Commission Act, the Sherman Act, the Clayton Act, Miller-Tydings Act, Robinson-Patman Act, and the Wheeler-Lea Act. Probably the chief importance of the book lies in its brief, compact, integrated, and clearly stated definitional outline of the laws, and their interpretation by the courts, which have been passed by national and state legislative bodies, presented with copious citations and references, and in such manner as to provide a rather complete and compreprehensive pattern of trade regulative legislation. Second, by means of the citations and references, it is a rich index for further reTHE JOURNAL OF MARKETING


The Transition to democracy in Chile was marked by social and artists' groups, who fought against the dictatorship, but also by the advertising campaign which in its final phase promoted the victory of the No option to Pinochet in the plebiscite of 1988. The film NO by Pablo Larrain has reopened the debate about the role of publicists, with their video clip aesthetics, and of political and social forces in the success against the Yes option to continuation of Pinochet. Otherwise, Larrain's generation questions the quality of a democracy which begun "free" like Coca Cola but didn't make so happy as promised on TV.


The prindple and devefopment Astory of regenetative combustion and its applications in metallurgital furnaces were introduced. The key problems such as reverse wtve and its conbol, low NOx. combustion, furnace pnaure control, oxygen composition in waste gas, the utilhation of BFG, the mtio of perfotmance to price were analyzed. The metallurgical furnace should me the lathest combustion technology to nanstruct in oder to imporove energy efficiency and to eliminate environment pollution. It will get the results of high efficiency, low consumption and clear production in metallurgical industry.


To address the problem of insufficient carbon source in the biological denitrification of aquaculture wastewater,and improve the efficiency of biological denitrification,this study tested the effects of six carbon sources and different C/N ratios,using the removal rate of ammonium nitrogen and accumulation rate of nitrite as indicators.Preliminary screening results of carbon sources showed that when glucose and glycerol were used as the carbon sources,there was clear nitrite accumulation,which was up to 12.4mg/L.When alcohols were used as the carbon source,the highest accumulation of nitrite was only 1.3mg/L.Rescreening results of carbon sources showed that different carbon sources and C/N ratios did not significantly impact the removal rate of ammonium nitrogen,which was up to 98.2% in the treatment groups,significantly higher than that in the control group(P0.05).When ethanol was used as the carbon source and C/N ratio was 3:1,the removal rate of total nitrogen,ammonia nitrogen and nitrate were especially high,up to 93.3%,98.9% and 91.8%,respectively,significantly higher than that in the control group(P0.05).Considering the practicality and economy of extra carbon sources,choosing ethanol as additional carbon of purifying aquaculture wastewater by multiple microorganisms,and relative C/N ratio was 3:1.Although the extra carbon could substantially increase the concentration of CODMn,but it may be rapidly degraded by multiple microorganisms within a short time.In addition,the extra carbon could improve the stability of pH value of aquaculture wastewater to be kept between 7.2-7.8.The results of the present study suggest that the extra carbon source could significantly improve water quality and biological nitrogen removal efficiency during wastewater purification process in recirculating aquaculture systems.


The present invention relates to a generator of a wind turbine direct drive stator (4) of the wind turbine comprises a plurality of magnetic elements (10) stator (4) fixed on a first support assembly of the magnetic elements ( 10) and a first radii formed structure, the first structure being adapted to fix the first assembly to the fixed frame (1) of the wind turbine. The rotor (5) comprises: a plurality of magnetic elements (10) of rotor (5) fixed on a second support assembly of the magnetic elements (10), the second assembly having a generally circular shape and a second ray structure formed the second structure being adapted to fix the first assembly to the hub, the first structure comprising a plurality of oblique ray pairs (6), each pair of oblique spokes (6) having the shape of a capital letter lambda, the first set being attached to the top of each lambda uppercase to a point (8) for fixing located closer to a magnetic element, the end of the oblique rays (6) opposite the top being adapted to be fixed to the fixed frame (1) of 'wind turbine. The invention also relates to wind turbine comprising a generator and the wind turbine assembly process.


Traditionally, the image has been considered a useful tool in language teaching. Today, educators worldwide overcome cultural barriers thanks to Google, YouTube, picture books, iPhones, cartoons and many other platforms. Through these, photographs, illustrations and videos contribute to making meaning from words. This article presents reflections emerging from my doctoral study about conceptualizations of visual literacy in adult English language teaching. It enquires into what the participating teachers understand as visual literacy, the role they assign to images in their pedagogies and their rationale to employ them, based on their beliefs and experiences. Findings suggest that the use of images as complementary to written texts limits their legitimacy as a communication medium and places them in a subordinate position. The common practice in adult English language classrooms appears to be teaching "through images" "rather than" "about images".


Reduction of diphenylacetylene with deuterium gas using the py3RhCl3–Me2N·CHO–NaBH4 catalyst system is found to involve deuterium incorporation at the ortho-position of the phenyl group of the product, trans-stilbene, considered to arise by a mechanism of ortho-deuteriation accompanied by 1,3-hydride shift.


ObjectiveTo study the effect of splenectomy in HIV-infected patients. DesignA retrospective chart review of patients admitted to St Vincent's Hospital who had splenectomies and were HIV-positive. SettingAll patients were treated at St Vincent's Hospital, New York City, New York, USA. PatientsOnly patients who were HIV-positive and who had had a splenectomy at St Vincent's Hospital were included. InterventionAll patients had a splenectomy. Main outcome measuresThe effect of the splenectomy in these HIV-positive patients was studied with respect to their operative morbidity and mortality, platelet counts, overall survival and the development of new opportunistic infections. ResultsAll patients who did not have AIDS but did have thrombocytopenia responded to splenectomy in terms of their thrombocytopenia. None of them had an accelerated progression to AIDS. Most patients with AIDS and thrombocytopenia responded to splenectomy in terms of correcting their thrombocytopenia. ConclusionsSplenectomy as a treatment for thrombocytopenia is successful not only in HIV-positive patients without AIDS, but also in AIDS patients. However, in patients with disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma or Mycobacterium avium intracellulare, splenectomy may not be a factor for survival.


We present the first in-target measurements of the electrons produced by an ultraintense (I{gt}10{sup 19} W/cm {sup 2}) laser pulse incident on a massive solid target. Total conversion efficiency, mean electron energy, and electron cone-angle measurements are presented. A relationship between the target material and the mean electron energy is also discussed. {copyright} {ital 1998} {ital The American Physical Society}