tracted with ether, giving 0-10 g. of oiL which was dissolved in 4 ml. of ethanol and treated with 2:4-dinitrophenylhydrazine in HCl (Brady & Elsmie, 1926). A red precipitate, 0-13 g., m.p. 244-246', was obtained. The m.p. was raised to 251-252° on recrystallization from ethyl acetate-brilliant red plates. A further amount ofthe dinitrophenylhydrazone was prepared directly from the oily portion of the distillate without hydrolysis. This was shown by analysis and comparison (mixed m.p.) with an authentic sample of m.p. 2520 to be the 2:4-dinitrophenylhydrazone of anisaldehyde. (Found: C, 53-27; H, 3-86; N, 17-5; MeO, 9-9. Calc. for 0Cl4H2N405: C, 53416; H, 3 82; N, 17-71; MeO, 9.8%.) The ether-extracted neutral solution from the hydrolysis on acidification yielded crystals (0.31 g.) of m.p. 176-181', consisting of impure anisic acid. Thus Fraction I of the distillate consisted mainly of methyl anisate together with a small amount of anisaldehyde. (b) Fraction II. 0-64 g., b.p. 140-175°/c. 1 mm. This was a yellow oil containing a little crystalline material. As it was acidic it was dissolved in ether and washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO,. (c) Acids from Fraction II. On acidification of the NaHCO3 solution, acids (0-05 g.) were precipitated. They were subjected to fractional sublimation in high vacuum, and gave two main fractions: (1) 12 mg., m.p. 102-104°; (2) 17 mg., m.p. 166-1760, after softening above 1200. Sublimate (1) was still a mixture which could not be satisfactorily separated into its components. Sublimate (2) on recrystallization from benzene gave 8 mg. of an acid of m.p. 180-181°, which was shown by comparison (mixed m.p.) with an authentic sample to consist of anisic acid. (d) Neutral portion of Fraction II. The ether solution which had been washed with NaHCO3 contained 0-47 g. of oil which slowly developed crystals. A portion (0-19 g.) was subjected to alkaline hydrolysis by boiling with 5 ml. of N-KOH in methanol for 1 hr. The crystalline K salt which formed on cooling was dissolved by addition of water (20 ml.), and the liquid after extraction with ether to remove unsaponifiable matter was acidified with HCI. The crystals (needles, 0-09 g.) which separated had m.p. 160-1650, raised to 180-182° on recrystallization from benzene. This was again anisic acid (mixed m.p., no depresion). Fraction II therefore contained an ester of anisic aciddoubtless methyl anisate-and a small amount of free anisic acid together with traces of other unidentified acids. Neither Fraction I nor Fraction II showed any marked uptake of bromine when dissolved in CS2, which indicated the absence of appreciable amounts of cinnamic acid or derivatives.


Reservoir Computing (RC) is well-suited for simpler sequential tasks which require inexpensive, rapid training, and the Echo State Network (ESN) plays a significant role in RC. In this article, we proposed variations of the Random Vector Functional Link (RVFL) network based on reservoir computing for non-sequential tasks. To commence, we present a plain echo state-based RVFL (esRVFL) that is distinguished from randomly generated input weights by the fact that esRVFL generates sparse matrices randomly to complete the initialization of the neuron weights. Following that, we extended it to a deep structure and introduced several network topologies. We also follow esRVFL and replace the single layer of echo state with a multi-layer stacked echo state network, where the entire network only needs to compute a set of output weights, which is called deep esRVFL (desRVFL). We evaluated our method on several public datasets and compared it with related methods. Experiments have shown that the proposed method can handle the classification tasks for tabular data and outperform some state-of-the-art randomized neural networks.


A new infectious disease of ducks with conspicuous symptoms of darkened feather follicle and feather dropping and with hemorrhages in liver,pancreas,spleen and intestine occurred in Fujian,Zhejian and Guangdong provinces since 1990.This disease was named tentatively as duck hemorrhagic disease(DHD).A isolation containing two kinds of viral particles with 30_40nm in diameter was gained from the typical dead ducks.A pure viral strain was isolated by serial neutralization of postive serum against duck hepatitis virus type Ⅰ,and named as duck hemorrhagic disease virus(DHDV).It was sensitive to acid(PH3.0),alkali(PH11),heat(56℃)and chloroform.Many spherical particles with envelope and 80_120nm in diameter were scanned by electron microscopy.Agarose gelelectrophoresis analysis showed that its nuclei acid is double_strand DNA.The mortalities of embryonated poultry eggs (including muscovy duck embryo,goose embryo,semi_muscovy embryo,shanma duck embryo,pekin duck embryo and SPF chicken embryo)inoculated with it were 100% ,100%,60%,78.3%,82.1% and 0,respectively.It had no hemagglutination activity and no serological correlations with duck hepatitis virus type Ⅰ,muscovy duckling parvovirus,gosling parvovirus and duck plague virus.It was categorized into herpesviridae and named tentatively as duck herpesvirus type Ⅱ because of serological difference from duck plague virus (duck herpesvirus type Ⅰ).This is first reported.


The root system of 350 loblolly pine trees in 14 plots were excavated utilizing a bulldozer and evaluated according to the annosus root rot (Heterobasidion annosus) symptom expression of the roots, i. e. resin soaked and stringy. The annual increments of the healthy (<1% colonized) and diseased (<1% colonized) groups of trees were compared for each of the last five years growth. There was a significant growth difference between healthy and diseased trees for each of these last five years at about 4% per year or about 19% for the five year total.


The world is confronting with food shortage and malnutrition problems. Millions of people mainly from Asia and Africa are at maximum risk of hidden hunger due to the intake of micronutrient deficient plant-based food. Legumes are considered "poor man's meat" crops due to the presence of good concentrations of minerals, vitamins, and antioxidants. Biofortification of these crops either through conventional breeding or modern biotechnology techniques can be helpful to overcome malnutrition problems. Present study aimed to investigate the micro and macro nutrients diversity in 160 field pea genotypes. All studied seven traits reflected a good level of variations and revealed significant range of variations for nitrogen (N) (28.49-54.78 g kg), phosphorus (P) (1.648-4.04 g kg), potassium (K) (13.13-50.41 g kg), manganese (Mn) (7.96-22.83 mg kg), copper (Cu) (3.51-21.79 mg kg), iron (Fe) (29.32-80.69 mg kg) and zinc (Zn) (28.15-55.80 mg kg ). Zinc reflected a highly significant and positive correlation with all studied traits except Mn. Genotype13 and Genotype 5 were found superior genotypes for the Zn (55.80 mg kg) and Fe (80.69 mg kg) contents, respectively, and can be suggested as candidate parents for the future pea biofortification and breeding activities. Cluster constellation plot analysis divided the genotypes in to two main groups A and B upon their Zn contents. We are confident that distinct genotypes evaluated from this study will be very useful for the development of improved pea cultivars through modern and conventional breeding activities to overcome malnutrition problems.


In this study, the performance change of liquid heating in hybrid solar air-water heater was investigated using heated air as inlet air. Temperature difference between inlet air and ambient was setted as 0℃, 12℃ and 23℃ and the experiment was conducted with various condtions of solar radiation and inlet liquid temperature. As a result, thermal efficiency of liquid heating was increased when the inlet air temperature was increased. On the contrary to this, the decrease of heat loss coefficint was confirmed with increment of inlet air temperature. So, from this result, maximum temperature that the liquid in thermal storage can reach was expected to increase if the return air or any heated air was used as inlet air of hybrid solar air-water heater when air and liquid was heated simultaneously.


Abstract : Flares composed of magnesium, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, and boron in varying ratios were prepared and tested. Luminous efficiencies, spectral power curves, and color data are presented for various formulas. Although no improvements in luminous efficiency were observed, significantly higher luminous intensity was observed in some cases when magnesium-calcium nitrate-sodium nitrate were compared with standard magnesium-sodium nitrate formulas. The dominant wavelength and excitation purity were essentially the same in all cases except when pure calcium nitrate-magnesium formulas were used. A detailed analysis of the visible spectra from magnesium-calcium nitrate and magnesium-calcium nitrate-boron flares is given.


Abstract : The report presents the results of a study of the high-frequency noise in space-charge-limited solid-state devices, and the measurements of the static characteristic and of the admittance of the device were used to help in the interpretation of the noise data. (Author)


Objective: This research aimed to design a drainage quality hydrodynamic model of the northeastern sector of Tunja (Santa Inés neighborhood), Boyacá, Colombia, which was validated and calibrated by means of the mean square error method, where a comparison between the values observed in the field and the simulation results in the model was determined in order to observe and analyze the effect of precipitation on pollutants before entering the treatment plant.
Methodology: For this study, rainfall and water flow equipment were installed in the district. A validated and calibrated urban drainage model was created on the SWMM 5.1 software, which allowed a temporal hydrodynamic modeling of the system. In addition, samples were taken to determine the quality of the water arriving at the treatment plant and evaluate the transportation of pollutants, as well as the possibility of hydrogen sulfide generation in the study area.
Results: The results obtained with the model show that all pollutants generate drag in their concentrations. An excess of these values is observed within the total flow, which demonstrates the relevance of accumulation, washing, and transport processes, in light of the pollutant remnants causing the flow to decrease before the pollutant load.
Conclusions: Our sampling indicates that it is necessary to analyze the coliforms present in wastewater discharges, as well as the sulfate, nitrite, and nitrate values in the case of a specific discharge. The entity in charge of discharge control must be then informed.


Indonesia is the sixth-largest producer of cocoa beans in the world. Cocoa is one of the plantation commodities that play an important role in Indonesia's economic development. A cocoa factory in central Java Indonesia is a producer of processed cocoa products and plays an important role in the distribution of cocoa beans in central Java Indonesia. However, the transportation management of cocoa bean distribution from sub-district collectors to cacao factories is not optimal. It is due to the shipments from suppliers being uncertain, the number of transportation modes of transportation is not fixed so that the allocation of transportation capacity is not fulfilled, distribution times are not appropriate, and long distances to travel which resulted in waste of transportation costs. This study proposes an agent-based simulation model for a complex cocoa distribution process. This simulation is then carried out in several scenarios to get the optimization of the number of transportation modes and transportation costs.


clothing design starting from modeling,to the internal changes,local and global collaborative design;costume design from the effects of start,start with the outline structure of the internal structure of analog-toratio,division,province,fold decomposition,and finally Coordination of local and global,and then back up the unity of effect.This is a complete costume design process can not do without the guidance and application of law of formal beauty.


In view of the problem of compensating network-induced delay in networked control systems,a fuzzy self-adaptive PID control technique was proposed.Delay is estimated through the use of online delay-evaluation,according to delay regulation of online PID three parameters,thereby improving system performance.As an example to verify the proposed method,a fuzzy PID controller of typical hybrid industrial plant linking by controller area network(CAN) was considered.The simulation results showed that with conventional PID controller,using the fuzzy-PID controller can compensate on the network delay,the more effective suppression of the delay on the network control system and to enhance the impact of the system's performance.


Part I Timeless Learning: Definitions and Fundamentals 1. Timeless Learning What Is Timeless Learning? What Are the Characteristics of Timeless Learning? Holistic/Integrative Embodied Connected Soulful Transformative Flow Participatory Non-dualistic Mysterious and unexplainable Immeasurable What Does Timeless Learning Bring to Today's Classrooms? Conclusion References 2. The Perennial Philosophy: A Relaxed Universalism Foundations of the Perennial Philosophy The interconnected nature of reality and the mysterious unity of the universe The intimate connection between the individual's inner self, or soul, and the mysterious unity Wisdom or knowledge of the mysterious unity can be developed through various contemplative practices Values are derived from seeing and realizing the interconnectedness of reality Awareness of the mysterious unity of existence leads to social action to counter injustice and human suffering References Part II Timeless Learning: Processes and Practices 3. Letting Go and Becoming Empty Psychosynthesis and Dis-identification David Hunt Krishnamurti The Bhagavad Gita and Non-Attachment Spiritual Knowing Just Let Go References 4. Attention and Meditation Meditation Forms of Meditation Intellectual Meditation Emotional Meditation Physical Meditation Action Meditation Meditation Practices Insight Body Scan Mantra Visualization Movement meditation Getting Started Meditation With Children Just One Minute by Naomi Baer References 5. Compassion, Caring, and Lovingkindness Kindness, Empathy, Compassion, and Love Lovingkindness Practice Caring in Schools School with Forest and Meadow (Ojiya School) Service Learning Engaged Service Community-Based Work To Be and to Have References 6. Contemplation, Mindfulness, and Presence Mindfulness Presence Contemplation and Mindfulness in Classrooms Contemplation and Action References Part III Timeless Learning: Perspectives, Examples, and Outcomes 7. Educational Perspectives on Timeless Learning Transcendental Education Emerson Thoreau Bronson Alcott Holistic Education Linear Thinking and Intuition Relationship Between Mind and Body Subject Connections Community Connections Earth Connections Self Connections Slow Education Conclusion References 8. Examples of Timeless Learning Krishnamurti Schools Principles of Learning The School The Teacher Waldorf Education Steiner's View of Development Rhythm Montessori Education Conclusion References 9. Creating Conditions for Timeless Learning in Public Schools Work on Yourself Be Fully Present Recognize the Importance of the Nonverbal Honor Silence Develop a Rhythm Integrate Timeless Learning with other Forms of Learning Balancing Spontenaity and Planning Don't Forget the Body Live Your Own Truth Acknowledge the Mystery Let Your Humanity Come Through References 10. The Fruits of Timeless Learning The Present Educational Context The Results of Timeless Learning Research on Contemplative Practices My Own Research Nature of Mediation Practice Personal Effects of Meditation Practice Professional Effects of Meditation Practice Profiles Ultimate Outcomes of Timeless Learning Wisdom and Compassion Joy: The Singing Soul Awe and Wonder Wholeness Sense of Purpose References Bibliography Index


Special attention is devoted to Vavilov's use of detailed maps for (a) recording initial results of field work in the study of local agriculture and ranges of domesticated plants in travels across several continents; and (b) presenting information about a large number of processes and phenomena in a concise way, affording the basis for their critical analysis and comparison. He was involved in programs to map Soviet and world agriculture (translated by Jay K. Mitchell, PlanEcon, Inc., Washington, DC 20005).


The Conceptual Models of Mission Space(CMMS)is one of the three components of the Modeling and Simulation Common Technical Framework(MS CTF),whose purpose is to enhance the reuse and interoperation of the simulation components in the Modeling and Simulation field.And the scenario is a master part in constructing process of the integrated electronic information system,and is a basic precondition for the battling simulation.Aimed at the research and training problem,it makes enactments for the space,ime,process of the battling system and the back- ground,condition,restriction,regulation and simulative resource for implementing the simulation process.The battling scenario depicts in detail the class and amount of the entities need to be described and the property and activity of the entities need to be concerned during the battling system.Aiming at the defects of simulation system's reuse brought by the close coupling between the scenario and the simulation model,and by using the idea of the CMMS,the paper pro- poses a mechanism for separating the scenario from simulation system to advance the reuse of scenario and the interop- eration of simulation.


This paper proposes an estimation method for the number of source signals under a two-sensor condition. A joint distribution of observed mixture signals by microphones has the same number of lines as the source signals. Therefore, we propose a number estimation method using Hough transform. The method can estimate using only observed mixture signals. Additionally, we propose a blind source separation method based on the estimated number of the source signals. The proposed methods have been verified by several simulations.


Rapid urban expansion and densification of the various industrial facilities affect the changes of topography and building in urban areas. Even if buildings proceed with high rise, they get mixed with low-rise buildings such as houses and industrial parks that have existed in the area. This may confuse the designer in estimating a surface roughness, an important factor in calculating the design wind velocity of building. This study analyzed the surface roughness by using a geographic information. Referring to the criteria of each country's building code, this study proposed a method to distinguish the surface roughness depending on the height of the surrounding buildings where the design building is located and calculated the surface roughness using 1:5000 topographic map and GIS. It is expected to solve problems that an existing designer calculates the surface roughness in a subjective manner and to help to design more rational buildings resistant to wind.


The figures of "Xi" and "Juan" are similar,so that they are frequently be mixed in ancient literature,in fact,the two glyphs are recorded in Chinese with different pronunciation.The figures,pronunciations and acceptations of the two words are described and clarified by using traditional philology knowledge.It is concluded that,the similar figures of the two words in regular script resulting in the changes in pronunciations and acceptations of them.The errors in ancient documents should be corrected.


2020 was a YEAR. The main headline was, of course, the COVID-19 pandemic. In the span of days or weeks, hundreds of millions of people around the globe were compelled to rapidly, and radically, alter their daily lives. Wearing masks and maintaining six feet of physical distance from others became routine behaviors. Boundaries between home, work, and school evaporated, as work moved home from the office and children's schoolwork shifted from the classroom to the kitchen table. Caregiving roles of all kinds expanded as social infrastructures shrunk down to the household unit. And social inequalities at all levels were laid bare, from the gendered nature of caring for children, to "essential worker" classifications that disproportionately exposed those workers to risk of COVID-19 infection. In the midst of the deepening global public health crisis, a citizen courageously filmed a police officer in Minneapolis murdering George Floyd. The resulting international protests for racial justice and for ending anti-Black racism have created broader, and deservedly prominent, platforms for individuals and communities to communicate their fear and pain. They have also generated renewed urgency for White parents, media creators, educators, and communities to reckon with their racial privilege and to raise children who are actively anti-racist. Other 2020 crises were decidedly more local, but no less transformative. Australia's start to 2020 included the worst bushfires on record, consuming more than thirty million acres, killing over one billion animals, and dislocating thousands of people. Hong Kong saw a heartbreaking crackdown on their long fight for democratic rule and selfdetermination. And in more places than we could name in these pages, other regional challenges further exacerbated global crises with political unrest and natural disasters related to climate change. Professional communities were deeply affected by 2020's compounding crises, and our children, adolescents, and media (CAM) community was no exception. As the care structures that scholars and professionals around the globe depend on evaporated overnight, so too did much of the precious time previously devoted to deep-thinking work. Many scholars' research projects have been delayed indefinitely. Media producers face similarly uncertain timelines. In response to the pandemic, other academic journals began


Therapeutic apheresis is the removal ofblood or one of its components from the body for clinical purposes, usually by automated blood cell separators. Cytapheresis removes cellular constituents, whereas in plasmapheresis the cells are returned and the plasma retained. When large volumes of material are removed some form of replacement is required and the procedure is one tAt of "exchange" (for example, red cell exchange or plasma exchange); the terms plasmapheresis and plasma exchange are often (loosely) used interchangeably.


A mathematical model was put forward to simulate the growing profile of billet shape during the incline spray forming process.The model includes some process parameters relating to the shape profile such as eccentric distance and incline angle of depositional tray.The three-dimensional billet profile and the corresponding process parameters can be obtained by simulation,which shows that the model can be applied to predict the billet profile under different process parameters.


By the position,velocity and acceleration of the robot analyzed,a visual robot simulation system is set that bases on OpenGL in the Visual C++ IDE.The simulated experiments of kinematics and dynamics of the robot are carried out on the system.


This study compared the abilities of the Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) methods in producing credible landslide susceptibility maps for the study area at Khao Phanom Bencha Watershed in Krabi Province, southern Thailand. A reference landslide inventory was established from identified landslide events appearing on 4 sources of high-resolution satellite imagery (THEOS, EO-1, Google Earth, and Bing Map). Ten crucial contributing factors were incorporated in the susceptibility analysis in both methods, i.e., elevation, slope gradient, slope aspect, slope curvature, Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), distance from drainage, distance from lineament, lithology, soil texture, and land use/land cover (LULC). All yielded susceptibility maps were assessed for their respective accuracies in predicting the referred landslide incidences (290 samples in total), based on 2 well-known methods: the Area-Under-Curve (AUC) and the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis. Average accuracies of the maps achieved by the WLC and AHP methods were found to be significantly high, at 85.81 and 82.42 %, respectively. These maps are useful for the preparation of effective strategic planning for the prevention and mitigation of landslide hazards in the area by responsible agencies and local authorities.


Increasing flood risks have drawn attention to flood resilience. A major gap in understanding community flood resilience is a lack of an empirically validated measure of it. To fill this gap, the Zurich Flood Resilience Alliance developed an approach to test and validate a measure of community flood resilience. The approach holistically measures a set of sources of community flood resilience and, when floods occur, it also measures resilient outcomes (level of loss and recovery time). The data is collected and assessed via a web and mobile based measurement tool. Here we report results from data collected in 118 communities across 9 countries using mixed method data collection approaches. This study represents the first large scale analysis of systemic and replicable flood resilience baseline data. The learnings from the analysis provide insights into sources of community flood resilience and how it is intricately connected to economic development.


The invention discloses a fermentation tea juice and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking tea leaves, crushing, adding water to extract, adding beta-glucosidase to the obtained extract liquid in order to carry out enzymatic hydrolysis, and filtering the above obtained enzymatic hydrolysis liquid to obtain a tea juice; concentrating the tea juice until the concentration of tea polyphenol is 10-120g/L, and adding a carbon source and a plant source oligopeptide into the tea juice in order to disinfect; inoculating Leuconostoc mesenteroides into the tea juice after the disinfection in order to ferment, and inoculating yeast and lactic acid bacteria into the above obtained fermentation liquid when the pH value of the fermentation liquid is 4.0-4.5 in order to carry out mixed fermentation; and collecting the obtained fermentation liquid, and post-processing the fermentation liquid to prepare the fermentation tea juice. In the invention, the glucoside modification of catechin is carried out in the fermentation process, so the flavor quality and the bioavailability of the above tea juice fermentation beverage are improved, the stability of functional components is improved, and the overall coordination effect of bioactive components in the tea leaves are comprehensively performed.


......................................................................................................... iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................... v CHAPTER ONE: LITERATURE REVIEW Introduction ................................................................................................ 1 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ........................................................ 2 Sexual Assault ................................................................................ 4 Self-Blame ...................................................................................... 8 Self-Efficacy .................................................................................. 14 The Present Study ................................................................................... 16 Hypotheses .............................................................................................. 17 CHAPTER TWO: METHOD Participants and Procedures .................................................................... 19 Measures ................................................................................................. 20 Demographic Questionnaire ......................................................... 20 Life Events Checklist ..................................................................... 20 Measure of Self-Blaming Attributions ............................................ 21 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist ....................................... 22 Self-Efficacy: The New General Self-Efficacy Scale ..................... 22 Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale ..................... 23 Proposed Analyses .................................................................................. 23 CHAPTER THREE: RESULTS Associations Between Variables .............................................................. 24


Fire safety plays a vital role in tourism management, which can cause significant loss of life and property. It is necessary to present an efficient fire safety evaluation for scenic spots. However, some key issues are not well addressed in existing methods. For example, how to model experts' opinions and how to combine them are still open problems. To address these issues, a new evaluation method based on the Dempster–Shafer evidence theory and best-worst method is presented. First, a fire safety evaluation index system is constructed using the domino model. Domain experts can evaluate different factors with linguistic assessments. The best-worst method is used to determine the weights of different factors. Then, these weighted linguistic assessments are efficiently fused by Dempster's combination rule to obtain the evaluation result. Finally, a case study is illustrated to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method in fire safety evaluation for scenic spots. The main contribution of the proposed method is to represent and handle the uncertainty in experts' linguistic assessments, so as to decrease the uncertainty and improve decision making. In addition, the weight determination method BWM is easier and more reliable than the existing method AHP.


. The Primate Research Center (PRC) Bogor Agricultural University has an ex-situ captivity breeding facility of Hylobates moloch . For its successful breeding, behavioural evaluations are needed. Hylobates moloch , one of the protected Indonesian wildlife species is an endemic primate of the island of Java. Studies on behavior by the silvery gibbon were conducted at the PRC, Bogor Indonesia. The javan gibbon daily behavior observed during the study included resting, moving, eating, feeding, probing, playing, fighting, feeding, vocalization, and defecation. Behavioral playing, eating, and moving of many individuals were observed in subadults, juvenile and infants, while the remaining behavior was dominated by the behavior of the parents. During the observation, no mating behavior was seen. The female (Mimis) was still in lactation of ANO, so she was not receptived to Ari. OJ started showing sexual behavior by playing with his genitals and showing pre-copulatory grooming to J-LO. Anomalies seen during observations included javan gibbon behavior, especially OJ and J-LO, resting and playing on the bottom of the cage, picking up feed that fell on the bottom of the cage and bipedal movements at the base of the cage. OJ exhibited agonistic behavior towards J-LO at feeding time, thus reducing the possibility of J-LO in gaining access to the feed box. Both parents initially exhibited aggressive behavior and high vigilance against the cage supervisors and observers, but this behavior was reduced over time. The four individual offspring even showed stereotypic


Geohysical methods like dipole-dipole geoelectric profiling, and spontaneous potential measurements with non polarizable electrodes were used to identify possible zones of leakage or infiltration by water, occurring in dam structure of artificial lake in Itatiba city-SP. Electroresistivity profiling in dipole-dipole array, and spontaneous potential determinations in gradient mode allowed to identify anomalous zones with low values of resistivity and spontaneous potentials. Resistivity data processing by an inversion software RES2Dinv provided true electrical resistivity values in five levels of investigation depth.


Osteogenic sarcoma (OS) and Ewing sarcoma (ES) are the most common bone sarcomas in children, adolescent and young adults. Patients with metastatic, relapse or refractory disease have unfavorable prognosis: 5-year overall survival does not exceed 20–30 %. Nowadays clinical trials are conducted to find out new targets and ways of influencing these tumors. The aim of this review is to present relevant data from world literature about potential effective targeted drugs for patient with metastases, relapse or refractory OS and ES.


A systematic approach for modeling and base motion control of a mobile vehicle with an onboard robot is presented. Feedback linearization is used to take into account the complete dynamics with nonholonomic constraints. Methods from potential field theory are incorporated to provide resolution among possibly conflicting performance goals (e.g. maintaining a desired course and speed plus obstacle avoidance). The feedback linearization provides an inner loop that accounts for possible motion of the onboard arm. The case of maintaining a desired course and speed is considered. The outer control loop is designed using potential field theory, with the two objectives of homing and avoiding an obstacle.<<ETX>>


Flat wiring like FPC and FFC, already being used for decades in the automotive industry, is now also present inside the wiring harness systems. The advantages of flat wires, for instance weight reduction and easier assembly, can only be achieved, if care is taken to optimize the size of conductors and the interconnection technology. This paper gives an overview of different types of flat wiring technologies and corresponding interconnection technologies. A special focus is put on general flat wiring structure and the dimensioning of conductors.


The curtain grouting constructions in 3 different hydro-geological sections of the main tunnel in No.3 inclined shaft work lot of Xiangshan tunnel are compared.Three different grouting schemes,i.e.,full-face curtain grouting,surrounding curtain grouting and local curtain grouting,are discussed.The influence of different grouting schemes on the construction efficiency under different hydro-geological conditions is analyzed.Optimal grouting schemes are determined,the grouting technology and the construction organization technology are optimized,which achieves better controlled construction cost and reduced construction period.


ID: 9182 Title: Automated Segmentation of the Prostrate from Transabdominal Ultrasound Images We are investigating the accuracy with which a unique, semi-automatic segmentation process can outline the prostate on transabdominal ultrasound images. We anticipate that the fully developed method will increase the efficiency and reproducibility of radiation treatment planning and delivery, and may prove critical in achieving the threshold in efficiency necessary for routine incorporation of dynamic imaging. This paper presents a first step toward full automation involving a new active contour model for semi-automatically outlining the prostate from ultrasound images. The approach utilizes a polar active contour model, speckle reducing anisotropic diffusion, and the instantaneous coefficient of variation edge detector. First, a new curve evolution equation in polar coordinates is derived by minimizing an energy functional. Then, the instantaneous coefficient of variation edge detector is introduced to attract the contour toward prostate boundaries. A curve initialization technique is described that requires a simple user intervention, an elliptical curve fitting and a binary flow contour regularization. The proposed method was tested on 27 quasi-axial transabdominal images from six patients. The performance of the method was quantitatively evaluated by comparison to manual outlines drawn by multiple expert observers. The average distance between the semiautomatic segmentation and the mean of manually outlined boundaries was found to be less than 1 mm, and the boundary location accuracy exceeded 75% (1


The ac Stark shift of hyperfine levels of neutral atoms can be c alculated using the third order perturbation theory(TOPT), where the third order corrections are quadra tic in the atom-photon interaction and linear in the hyperfine interaction. In this paper, we use Green's functio to derive theE[2+ǫ] method which can give close values to those of TOPT for the di fferential light shift between two hyperfine levels. It comes w ith a simple form and easy incorporation of theoretical and experimenta l atomic structure data. Furthermore, we analyze the order of approximation and give the condition under which E[2+ǫ] method is valid.


In line with Campbell and Cochrane (1999) and Gomes and Michaelides (2003), we study the implications of various types of habit formation in a further examination of some asset pricing puzzles. Precisely, we build an overlapping generations economy consisting of different types of agents characterized by their earning profiles, idiosyncratic earning risk and mortality. Agents, confronted with a liquidity constraint, decide on their consumption level as well as their portfolio allocation. We focus here on various forms of external habit, depending on the reference group, distinguishing three of them: pure macro external habit, external habit conditional on the occupational group and a semi external habit. The third type is the true counterpart of the external habit model with a representative agent in our economy populated by agents of different age, earnings and endogenous asset holdings. Thanks to the inclusion of a second state variable, we track each agent"s level of habit, yet making sure that he does not endogenize the impact of his current consumption choice on tomorrow"s level of habit. Our main guess is that the semi-external specification enables to obtain, extend and improve the previous results of external habit models in the heterogeneous agents model framework


This study aimed to determine the effect of giving sugar palm on muscle fatigue and blood lactic acid in soccer athletes.The sample was 30 respondents from the Halu Oleo University soccer clubs in 2016. The data were analyzed using randomized pretest-posttest comparison group designs.The study found that there were significant differences regarding physical endurance against fatigue between treatment and control group. Furthermore, the treatment group which given sugar palm drink showed lower blood lactic acid level than the control group which given mineral water.


Summary.

Free fatty acid has been found to make up a significant part of rat thoracie duct lymph lipids during fat absorption.

The results obtained indicate that the free fatty acids of thoracic duct lymph are original constituents of the lymph rather than derived by hydrolytic processes in the lymph.


Based on graph theory,the paper analyzed road network data.Then considering characteristics of road network and utilizing C++ STL,it designed and tested A* route planning algorithm which was proved to be correct.


Objective: To compare the influence of laparoscopic cholecystectomy and small incision cholecystectomy on serum inflammatory factors and red cell indices.Methods:A total of 46 patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy in our hospital from October 2011 to July 2012 were selected as observation group,and 46 patients treated with small incision cholecystectomy during the same period were selected as control group,then the serum inflammatory factors,erythrocyte immune indices and various erythrocyte indexes of two groups were compared before the 1,3,and 7 days after undergoing the operation.Results:The inflammatory factors levels of observation group were all lower than those of control group 1,3,and 7 days after undergoing the operation,and erythrocyte immune indices and various erythrocyte indexes were all better than those of control group.Besides,the detected indexed were all better 7 days after treatment than that before the treatment for the observation group.Conclusion:The influence of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for the serum inflammatory factors and red cell indices of patients are all better than those of small incision cholecystectomy while the stress reaction degree is slighter.


Debonding between external FRP strengthening and concrete substrate is an important limiting factor for the complete exploitation of the achievable strength upgrade, being itself the main cause of premature brittle failure of the strengthened member both in flexural and shear modes. Small unlevelled parts of the strengthened surface and substrate cracks characterized by slipping borders are typical discontinuities usually present in real applications and they may act as nucleation centres for debonding phenomena by creating a combination of shear and normal stress that strongly affects the bonding failure. Since different failure mechanisms become possible varying the ratio between shear and normal stress, around these discontinuities the failure may be driven out from the resin shear failure domain and into the concrete tension failure domain, causing a dramatic change in the typical strength that facilitates debonding initiation. Other parameters, such as the surface roughness of the concrete substrate, contribute to influence the phenomenon. This experimental research is aimed to investigate the bonding strength dependence on the ratio between normal stress and shear stress, and it was carried out trough a pull-off test set up modified in order to obtain loading at various inclinations between 15° and 90° with respect to the strengthening surface. The test programme includes various types of concrete surface and two different types of resin as well. A series of preliminary tests allowed the first author to obtain failure envelopes that well distinguish different failure mechanisms regarding both the concrete and the resin. In this research a greater number of tests have been performed and some additional parameters have been taken into account in order to allow a sensitivity analysis of the affecting factors.


Method for producing a passage (17, 44) next cooling surface in a component (14, 23, 28, 34) with high thermal stress, comprising the following steps: a) providing a component (14, 23, 28 , 34) having a surface (18) on one side (HS) hot in a region to be cooled; b) entering a channel (19, 24, 29, 35) on the surface (18); c) inserting a tube (20, 25, 30, 36) cooling channel (19, 24, 29, 35); d) filling the channel (19, 24, 29, 35) with the tube (20, 25, 30, 36) inserted cooling with a material (21) resistant filler temperature such that the tube ( 20, 25, 30, 36) inserted cooling is integrated in the material (21) filling, leaving free an inlet (17i) and an outlet (170, 26, 31); e) covering the channel (19, 24, 29, 35) with the tube (20, 25, 30, 36) integrated cooling, with a layer (22, 27, 32) of temperature-stable cover, antioxidation, wherein in step (b) the channel (19, 24, 29, 35) in the component (14, 23, 28, 34) is recessed by a process of removal of material, wherein the component ( 14, 23, 28, 34) has a wall (14) with a side (HS) hot side (CS) arranged cold oppositely, and the channel (19, 24, 29, 35) is introduced into the wall (14) component so that extends through the wall (14) from the side (CS) cold to the side (HS) hot and having an inlet (17i) in the (CS) side cold and an outlet (17th) on the side (HS) hot.


Objective: To assess a novel device designed for 'inversion' stripping of the long saphenous vein during varicose vein surgery. Design: A prospective, randomized trial. Setting: The Day Surgery Unit of a District General Hospital. Patients: Thirty consecutive patients undergoing unilateral, varicose vein surgery, all fulfilling appropriate requirements for day surgery. Outcome: Peroperative assessment of blood loss and postoperative assessment of complications, bruising, pain and length of stripper exit wound. Results: 'Inversion' stripping caused less peroperative blood loss (p < 0.01). It reduced postoperative morbidity (for pain at 1 week, p = 0.02) and gave an improved cosmetic result (with a smaller stripper exit wound, p < 0.01). Conclusion: An easy-to-use, 'inversion' stripping device is described that can reduce the postoperative morbidity often associated with primary varicose vein surgery and can enhance cosmesis.


THE MAIN CLINICAL TYPES. TUE forUm.s inwhich infcCtiollus of a haemothorax. by wanarobic gas bacilli way present tlhemselves fall clinically into five distinct groups, wvhich are differentiated by the predominance of toxic sylmlptoius or of the features of gas fiormaktiosn respectively. These cannot, so far as we know at present, be corretated withl particular varieties of the infecting bacilli, though they are to some extent governed in their development by thie admlixture of anaerobes with streptococci a-nd otlher organisms. ThC groups comprise tlh6 followinga:


In this letter, a new concept of life log retrieval using human brain activities is presented. The non-invasive electroencephalogram (EEG) recording was applied to have P300 evoked potentials during the photo retrieving tasks. Three subjects tried to select the photo images that interest them among nine according to their mental states. It was found that with four times EEG averaging, the performances of target photo selections could reach 90% for two subjects. This concept would be applicable in future to achieve intuitive retrieval of life log with large quantities of data.


Getting lost and disoriented due to the lack of legibility of the space are common problems found in underground stations. Wayfinding inside underground stations is often thought as being solely supported by the presence of signage and directory maps as the tools that help users to understand their orientation and route better. However, the influence of materials on wayfinding in underground stations is often overlooked. Hence this paper presents a comprehensive examination of literature studies and an analysis on Dhoby Ghaut Station in Singapore as case studies. This station serves three interchange MRT lines and complex routes, which renders wayfinding issues even more urgent. The goal of this paper is to examine the potential of contrasting the material application for effective wayfinding inside the underground station. To identify aspects regarding the impact of selection and placement of materials applied (on floors, walls, and ceilings of underground stations), literature and case study are carried out. The results indicate that the materials used in underground station influences wayfinding in varying degrees.


The current Brazilian Bill for Solid Waste will impact 5564 Brazilian municipalities, which need to be mobilized to adopt policies and actions for waste treatment in accordance with the Act. The project may empower millions of businesses and individuals, because in case of damage involving solid waste responsibility for the implementation of corrective measures, they will be charged from the causer of the damage, jointly with its generator. Product life cycle, environmentally appropriate final destination, and flow of solid waste integrated management are objects of this Project Act. It presents the accounting in emergy as an alternative to consistently assess the impacts of solid waste on the biosphere, because its amplitude goes beyond the frontiers of economic and production systems (extraction, production, use and disposal), breaking into the environment of ecosystems. It also presents some experiences with this methodology as a tool to support integrated management of solid wastes, establishing performance indicators and assessment of environmental impacts. Mankind has walked to the degradation of the natural environment, and needs to decide whether "homo sapiens" will pollute the natural resources with enormous damage to the biosphere, or manage the waste in an integrated manner with the ecosystems in order to keep them sustainable. The accounting in emergy is an important step to assess the ability of Earth to sustain our species.


It is essentially for waterways, to guarantee always easy and safe navigation. Therefore scour and erosion protection of bank and bed of waterways is one major task to meet this requirement. In waterways, additionally to the well known actions of currents and waves, ship induced loads act on banks and bottoms have to be considered. Only few manuals provide assistance in designing appropriate countermeasures. Additionally, the installation of scour and erosion countermeasures often is hindered by currents and wave action, so special installation methods have to be chosen. Besides hydraulic stability of the chosen countermeasure, geotechnical stability and durability has to be verified. The contribution discusses the numerous aspects to be taken into account while designing scour and erosion countermeasures and appropriate cross references are given without repeating the design approaches published there.


In the opinion of J. B. Metz, the theodicy question was the central theme of biblical theology which is a result of the temporality of God's actions. According to the theory expressed in this article, biblical narration, which creates a temporal meaning for our life, corresponds to this. This is expressed most vividly in the narration of critical situations which lead to fulfilment rather than to a logical solution.


We prove that if is an -isometry on a Hilbert space and an -nilpotent operator commuting with , then is a -isometry. Moreover, we show that a similar result for -isometries on Banach spaces is not true.


This article summarizes the characteristics and advantages of The Usage Method of Medical Instruments as the newly independent experimental course.Through short-term experimental teaching,the author has learned the lack of the course settings,teaching methods and teacher training,etc.According to the discussions,the author puts forward some specific reform measures,expecting to benefit students through continuous improvement of the curriculum system.


A series of side-chain liquid-crystalline polymers via pyridyl-phenol hydrogen bonding complexation was prepared by using non-liquid-crystalline precursors, such as poly[(4-vinylpyridine)-co-(butyl acrylate)] and 4-(4'-nitrophenylazo)phenol, 4-(4'-methoxyphenylazo)phenol or 4-(phenylazo)phenol. The association by hydrogen bonding was confirmed by means of FTIR. While the hydrogen bonds are weakened, and some dissociation occurs at the isotropization temperature, complete dissociation needs much higher temperature. The hydrogen bonds re-form as the complex is cooled to room temperature. The nematic liquid crystallinity of the polymer complexes was shown by means of wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WXRD) and polarized optical microscopy (POM). The different substitution groups of azophenol give isotropization temperatures of the polymer complexes in the following sequence: -NO 2 > -H > -OCH 3 .


The aim of this paper is to investigate the amount of energy that is required to successfully transmit information inside the Bluetooth low-energy (BLE) advertising packets. There are applications that require more than one BLE node to simultaneously transmit data. The BLE protocol utilizes a specific communication method termed the advertising mode to perform unidirectional broadcasts of data from the advertising devices. However, with an increased number of BLE devices advertising simultaneously, there will be inevitable packet collisions from the advertising devices. This results in a waste of energy, specifically in low-power applications where lower consumption is desirable to minimize the need for battery replacements. This paper examines a packet collision model for the BLE advertising mode with the results validated using experimental data. Our analysis shows that when the throughput of the BLE network starts to fall due to an increase in the number of packet collisions, the energy consumption of the BLE nodes increases exponentially with respect to the number of nodes.


Objective To detect the strain features of regional wall abnormalities in patients with coronary artery disease during each diastolic period, and its possibility to evaluate regional left ventricular cardiocyte viability and diastolic function.Methods 54 patients with anterior myocardial infarction (MI group) and 78 normal subjects (NOR group) underwent Doppler tissue imaging, which were performed in 2-chamber-view by strain curves synchronously.Results In the NOR group, strain value of 66 cases (84.62%) showed an gradually increasing negative value from the apex to base to middle of left ventricle, while in the MI group, there were 9 cases (16.67%) with such a trend. IR phase: in the NOR group, 564 segments (90.38%) were upward wave bands, but in the MI group, there were 123 segments (28.47%) having such waves ( P0.05). RF phase: in the NOR group, 576 segments (92.31%) were upward and steep wave bands, but in the MI group, the number of upward waves were obviously less (102 segments,23.61%) ( P0.01). SF period: compared with the NOR group, which was horizontal, the MI group had upward wave bands ( P0.05).Conclusion Regional myocardial ischemia and infarction can cause significant regional diastolic wall abnormalities of strain value in active diastolic phase. Regional diastolic wall motion abnormalities can be evaluated quantitatively and synchronously with high sensitivity by strain curve which has the potential value in cardiocyte viability and diastolic function.


FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutics. SUBSTANCE: declared invention refers to chemical-pharmaceutical industry, and concerns orally disintegrating nicotine compositions containing lower levels of buffer agents in comparison with conventional orally disintegrating nicotine tablets. The composition of an orally disintegrating tablet contains a) a basic granular ingredient containing: at least one alkaline buffer agent; at least one dissolution modifier; and at least one excipient; the active substance nicotine; and c) at least one alkaline buffer agent. EFFECT: compositions provide optimum oral pH and induce nicotine absorption in a smaller more convenient dosage form. 18 cl, 5 ex, 3 tbl, 3 dwg


This specific diploma thesis focuses on the analysis of iterative methods which are used
to solve sparse linear systems and at the same time examines the efficiency of each method
in real large scale linear problems with the computing tool Matlab. Moreover the software
Geogebra is used for the creation of geometric interpretations.
At the beginning of this thesis some basic concepts and definitions are presented from
the area of Linear Algebra which are used in the following chapters. Particularly are
examined concepts related to vectors, matrices, vector spaces, vector and matrix norms
and also the concept of orthogonality.
Then in the following three chapters are presented in details the iterative methods for
solving sparse linear systems. Starting from the projection methods are described the
methods of Steepest Descent and Minimum Residual. Then there is an introduction to
the Krylov subspaces and the methods which are related to them such as the methods of
Conjugate Gradient and Biconjugate Gradient, the Generalized Minimal Residual method
and the Quasi Minimal Residual method. Also the methods CGNR and CGNE of Normal
Equations are presented.
In conlusion the results of the above methods are presented in detail after their application
in large scale problems with symmetric and non symmetric coefficient matrix. For the
results is used the software Matlab in which the basic algorithms of the methods are
implemented and Matlab functions for sparse linear systems. Finally the conclusions that
are drawn after the application of the above methods are described and there is an appendix
in which the above methods are presented in the framework of the present postgraduate
work using Matlab.


Objective: The present study aims to present in the form of a conceptual map a panoramic view of epidemiology, pathophysiology, classification, diagnosis and treatment of pleural effusions, highlighting the clinical utility of the use of fibrinolytic agents and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in the approach parapneumonic pleural effusion. Methods: It was conducted a literature review and presented a set of ideas and concepts on the subject in the form of a conceptual map in order to provide practical information in a simplified manner. Results: The approach of parapneumonic pleural effusion should consider the stage of development that it is and the response to therapy ever conducted. The phase 2 of development of pleural effusion is identified by chest ultrasound by the presence of septations, and clinically by the absence of clinical improvement after 48 hours of intravenous Approach of parapneumonic pleural effusion in children in the form of a concept map Lenisse Estelle Abrantes Gonçalves Amorim1, Paulo Augusto Moreira Camargos2, Marina Buarque de Almeida3, Luciana Diniz Gomide1, Guilherme Teixeira Pereira1, Cássio da Cunha Ibiapina2 Abordagem do derrame pleural parapneumônico em crianças sob a forma de mapa conceitual DOI: 10.5935/2238-3182.20160055


In article scientific approach to formation of algorithm of identification of predictive models of providing by investments of innovative development of the enterprises in the conditions of limited financial resources is justified.


Hyperhidrosis is a condition in which the body sweats excessively on a few parts or the whole body. Sweating differs from one individual to the ...


Osgood-Schlatter disease is a painful inflammation of the bone and cartilage of the tibial tuberosity. It is caused by excessive stress on the leg. We conducted a retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study at the rheumatology unit of the Army Medical and Surgical Centre of Bamako. The study population consisted of patients followed at the rheumatology unit from January 2021 to 31 December 2022. Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of Osgood-Schlatter disease were included. During our study period, we enrolled 27 patients, 25 of whom were male (92.60%). The mean age of our patients was 13.5 + 2.4 years. All cases in our series were unilateral (100%) and 85.2% of our patients had practised sport. Painful manifestations of the anterior face of the knee were noted in all patients (100%) and were associated with swelling in 55.55% of cases. Soft tissue tumefaction constituted 92.5% of radiographic abnormalities. This is the most common osteoarticular disease in adolescent males, with a generally favourable outcome.


The Angolan-born novelist José Eduardo Agualusa writes just the sort of books many of us love to read, and the sort of books that it sometimes seems the otherwise over-swollen market in this country never has enough of. His are books that create vivid and colourful worlds far from the experience of most readers in the UK; they're playful stories filled with other stories, filled with imagination and charm and unlikely colours; they have fully rounded characters with plausible and detailed personalities, but also a sense of great scale */ broad horizons, covering continents and centuries, massive political and social upheaval as well as moments of tiny intimacy; and moments of delightful wit too. They're books from a world largely ignored by English-language readers, the world of Lusophone southern Africa */ represented in this country by Agualusa himself (published by Arcadia Books), Mozambique's Mia Couto (published by Serpent's Tail) and, well, that's about it. Rather importantly, at least from my point of view, another of the factors that distinguishes Agualusa's books in UK publishing is that they're written in a language that's not English, which makes them tough sells in the marketplace, but also means they require the services of a Portuguese /English translator wading into the publishing process. Which is where I am lucky enough to come in. I was first sent an Agualusa novel perhaps five years ago, by my friend Daniela de Groote, associate publisher at Arcadia Books. Would I have a look and tell her what I thought? Nação Crioula (1997) is a beautiful book */ a fascinating view of the end of Portugal's slave trade, an exciting adventure, a moving love story and a deeply elegant piece of writing. What's not to like? That's what I told Daniela, whose next question was, in that case, did I fancy translating it? Daniela knew I'd done a fair bit of translation work before, but I'd never worked on anything literary, so I should have said 'no' without hesitation and carefully backed right away. What was she thinking? And what an alarming prospect, being faced with having to reproduce in English a book I found this beautiful! A challenge, more than a challenge, something of which I had no certainty in my ability to do even passably well / something that would be far outside my comfort zone / not to mention (with a book and writer I admired and respected) something seriously presumptuous. Hubristic, even. So I said yes. In many respects Agualusa is an easy writer to translate. (Easy, that is, by the standards of literary translation which requires a large and odd range of skills */ I have the greatest admiration for the small number of people who are truly expert at it.) Well, maybe not 'easy', exactly */ 'straightforward', perhaps. He's straightforward at least in the sense that while his writing is clever it's never tricksy, the prose is always beautifully poised without any showiness and / at least in the two books we've worked on together to date / the narrative voice is very even, the tone is consistent and constant. (Not so with the latest we're working on, but more on this later.) Maybe it's this effortless evenness of tone / this seeming simplicity / that gave me the confidence to take this project on; his writing is utterly lovely, but does also just seem manageable, somehow.


Motorbike helmets with built-in air bags, feeding cups for dementia patients, coloured dots to help kids spell and every sort of fishing gadget. These are the kind of inventions that Tara Parish finds in her inbox each day.


New technologies have lead to significant changes in man's relationship with spaces, both real and virtual. In this regard, this article seeks to show how augmented reality use in urban areas may complement physical space perception, without spoiling cultural, historical, artistic and scenic city heritage.


The effects of surface morphology of zinc electroplated steel sheet on high power YAG laser lap weldability were studied. In zero gap lap welding, clearance was naturally formed in uneven zinc electroplating that controlled the surface morphology, and suppression of sputtering was made possible by the clearance. It was found that the laser lap weldability was improved by the uneven zinc electroplating.


In this paper, design of the RII triple-clad structure as a dispersion flattened optical fiber including small pulse broadening factor as well as small dispersion and its slope applicable in broadband and fast communication is considered. The proposed optimization technique is based on the Genetic Algorithms (GA) consisting suitable fitness function for each application. The putting forward design method introduces the pulse broadening factor (σ/σ0) about 1.0016 after 200 Km propagation at the zero dispersion wavelength that is so excellent compared to the structure (1.2794) reported in [2] recently. Meanwhile, the proposed structure provides high bit rate (more than 197.8 Gb/sec at 100 Km), large dispersion length (larger than 17400 Km), uniform dispersion slope ([0.04, −0.08] ps/Km/nm2) and broad bandwidths as well as small and uniform dispersion (smaller than 2.02 ps/Km/nm) at [1.55–1.7]μm wavelength interval Corresponding author: M. Savadi-Oskouei (morteza email@example.com).


We present experimental and theoretical results on formation of quantum vortices in a laser beam propagating in a nonlinear medium. Topological constrains richer that the mere conservation of vorticity impose an elaborate dynamical behavior to the formation and annihilation of vortex/anti-vortex pairs. We identify two such mechanisms, both described by the same fold-Hopf bifurcation. One of them is particularly efficient although it is not observed in the context of liquid helium films or stationary linear systems because it relies on the finite compressibility and on the non-stationnarity of the fluid of light we consider.


The article discusses the influence of international monetary, financial and trade organizations (MVFTO) on the nature, content and configuration process of globalization in the economic sphere. The main MVFTO include the World Trade Organization (WTO), the World Bank (WB) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF), which form modern outlook of a globalizing world and de facto fix the established social order in international relations.


Care,Education,andResearch,"theUSDepartmentofHealthandHumanServices(DHHS)National Pain Strategy, and DHHS Pain Management Best Practices Inter-Agency Task Force all agreed that multimodal multidisciplinary approaches (MMAs) are the standard for pain management, with meta-analysesofmultinationaldataconcludingthatMMAsreducepainseverity,improvemoodandoverall quality of life, optimize daily life functioning, and increase social, physical, and psychological well-being.


Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder which leads to bone mineral loss and fracture of bone. Its mainly cause to elderly population and postmenopausal women. Bone mineral density (BMD) is related to bone mineral loss and it is measured by Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) which is currently available instrument for the measurement of BMD. The main objective of the study includes measurement of cortical thickness in south Indian women population for the evaluation of osteoporosis. The study was concluded with the variable women population (n=25) age range from 25 to 81 years (Mean ± SD age = 48.64 ± 17.13 years). The cortical thickness and percentage cortical thickness of the second metacarpal region of the right forearm were measured. The standard protocol was followed with DXA output and comparison was made accordingly. The semi-automated approach was carried out to measure the bone mass indices. The correlation matrix for a different variable with N-BMD and T-BMD was obtained. Similarly, the correlation matrix of post menopausal women (n=14) and total women (n=25) with N-BMD and T-BMD was obtained with the significance level of (p<0.01) with Mc-CT and Mc-CT (%). The result suggests that cortical thickness of the metacarpal is the better region for the evaluation of osteoporosis and the published semi-automated approach can be used as a screening tool which will be effective for rural Indian population.


In sales management literature different orientations of sales managers have been explored: hard selling, up-selling, consultative selling, relationship selling, customer-oriented selling, adaptive selling, among others. All of them share the idea that salesmen should act in order to satisfactorily meet and match the customer expectations and desires. However an in depth understanding of how sales managers interpret and frame this ―matching‖ with customers' needs/requirements is still missing. For such a reason, in this paper we will integrate the concepts of alignment and misalignment in sales management literature, in order to investigate if and how sales managers' interpretations of alignment and misalignment toward customers affect their orientation. This integration seems to be relevant, for a series of reasons. The first is that there is a growing body of literature in business to business marketing which asserts that managers' interpretations are relevant and strongly interlinked with their behaviors. Second, recent research is affirming that alignment and misalignment states may have an impact on the relationship development. Third, some scholars, even if indirectly, have started to implement the concept of alignment in the context of business relationships. In this paper we want to move the attention from how sales managers behave (their orientation), to how they think and interpret their relationships with customers. In this study we will adopt a multi-methods multi-stages approach. First of all we analyzed written narratives by 60 sales managers operating in Poland in order to investigate the meaning of alignment and misalignment, their objects (content), the effects as in the sales managers' perspectives and their dynamicity. This exploratory phase has addressed a second one, during which we interviewed 30 sales managers operating in Poland and in Italy, 15 for each Country.


Here are introduced two methods of finish machining precise profile rolls . One is to utilize a modeling grinder to turn rolls, and the another is to a superhard turning tool to turn rolls after quenching.\=


Abstract : The current study examined the relationship between personality tests and U.S. Air Force pilot training outcomes. Two computerized tests were used, the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised and the Armstrong Laboratory Aviation Personality Survey. In addition to the traditional pass/fail training outcome, the quality of passing as well as reasons for failure were examined. Outcome criteria for training graduates included class rank, academic grades, daily flying grades, and check ride grades. Reasons for failure included flying training deficiency and being dropped on request. Correlations in samples of between 6,200 and 12,548 trainees across the tests showed small but important relationships with training outcomes. Compared to those passing training, students who failed due to flying training deficiency were less extraverted and confident as well as more depressed and deferent. Compared to passing students, those who dropped on request were less aggressive, impulsive, and risk taking. They were also more generally neurotic, orderly, affectively labile, and anxious. Higher class rank was associated with higher levels of conscientiousness and confidence as well as lower levels of negativity, affective lability, anxiety, and depression.


The invention relates to a method and a well pattern structure for exploiting a heavy oil reservoir through gravity assisted nano magnetofluid flooding. The method comprises the steps that a plurality of top horizontal wells and bottom horizontal wells are uniformly arranged at the top and the bottom of an oil layer to form a horizontal well space orthogonal well group, a slotted screen and blind pipe sectorial connecting manner is adopted at horizontal sections of the top horizontal wells and the bottom horizontal wells for well completion, high-energy electromagnets are placed in positions, corresponding to slotted screens, in shafts at the horizontal sections of the bottom horizontal wells respectively, surfactant wrapped hydrocarbon-based nano magnetofluid dispersion solutions are injected into the top horizontal wells at a certain speed, the electromagnets in the bottom horizontal wells are started, nano magnetofluid injected into the oil layer is magnetized, is diffused and moves from the top of the oil layer to positions nearby shafts at screen segments of the bottom horizontal wells of the oil layer by the action of attraction and self gravity, and displaces crude oil in the oil layer, and the crude oil is exploited to the ground by intermittent magnetism stop production of the bottom horizontal wells. The method can increase and improve the oil recovery rate and recovery efficiency of the heavy oil reservoir.


W have entered an age of constant conflict. Information is at once our core commodity and the most destabilizing factor of our time. Until now, history has been a quest to acquire information; today, the challenge lies in managing information. Those of us who can sort, digest, synthesize, and apply relevant knowledge soar—professionally, financially, politically, militarily, and socially. We, the winners, are a minority. For the world masses, devastated by information they cannot manage or effectively interpret, life is "nasty, brutish . . . and short-circuited." The general pace of change is overwhelming, and information is both the motor and signifier of change. Those humans, in every country and region, who cannot understand the new world, or who cannot profit from its uncertainties, or who cannot reconcile themselves to its dynamics, will become the violent enemies of their inadequate governments, of their more fortunate neighbors, and ultimately of the United States. We are entering a new American century, in which we will become still wealthier, culturally more lethal, and increasingly powerful. We will excite hatreds without precedent. We live in an age of multiple truths. He who warns of the "clash of civilizations" is incontestably right; simultaneously, we shall see higher levels of constructive trafficking between civilizations than ever before. The future is bright—and it is also very dark. More men and women will enjoy health and prosperity than ever before, yet more will live in poverty or tumult, if only because of the ferocity of demographics. There will be more democracy—that deft liberal form of imperialism—and greater popular refusal of democracy. One of the defining bifurcations of the future will be the conflict between information masters and information victims. In the past, information empowerment was largely a matter of insider and outsider, as elementary as the division of society into the literate and illiterate.


Un appel a contribution est ouvert pour une rencontre internationale sur "New religiosity in migration", organisee par Nelly Elias et Julia Lerner, Universite Ben-Gurion Negev, Israel 27-30 mai 2013. What are the relations between a spiritual quest and an intercultural migration experience? Why immigrants become more religious than they were before immigrating? How do host national contexts influence immigrant religiosity? What are the patterns of immigrant religiosity within the global boom ...


The use of the two-reflection system for the measurement of the reflection integral of Bragg X-ray analyser crystals is investigated. Several procedures are developed and shown to produce results consistent with previously reported single reflection measurements. The new procedures are substantially more convenient in routine use.


The paper summed up the types and causes of defects occurring on the thermal power control equipment of the NO.B generating unit in a certain power plant since being put into operation.These defects involved:the automatic control system of material level of coal mill couldn't be put into operation,the regulation of fuel oil got out of control,and the logic control of outlet butterfly valve of circulating water pump was irrational etc.Through optimizing the single body of automation equipment,control mode,system configuration etc.,the safe and steady operation requirement of unit was satisfied.The repair and maintenance of same type equipment of 300 MW and 600 MW units may use this experience for reference.


The main result of this note is that there are at most seven rational points (including the one at infinity) on the curve C_A with the affine equation y^2 = x^5 + A (where A is a tenth power free integer) when the Mordell-Weil rank of the Jacobian of C_A is one. This bound is attained for A = 18^2.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explain whether sustainability development of firm reputation dimensions will enhance to perform and to reach firm reputation. Design/methodology/approach - The role of accounting research that is considered and supported accounting practice may help to provide accounting information related the investor decision making. This research is preliminary study and this research approaches based on explanatory with meta-analysis. In theory, the environment of accounting is both very complex and very challenging. The complex is because the product of accounting is information. The firm reputation dimensions seem important in terms of increasing the future firm reputation that could bring result of competition advantages. Finding – The principal finding of sustainable development of firm reputation adoption is to perform the expected firm growth. Original/value–The results of this study make contribution to quick response for investor to make investment decision on the outcomes of firm reputation should be the value to investor who wants the data accuracy and reliable accounting information. Keywords: sustainability development, sustainability development offirm reputation dimensions, accounting information.


Internationalization is one of the current directions of education development. Specially organized university work and identification of features of self-actualization in foreign students will contribute to the development of more effective programs of psychological support during socio-psychological adaptation. Aim. The paper aims to identify the personal features of foreign students with a high and low level of self-actualization during socio-psychological adaptation. Materials and methods. 52 foreign students aged from 18 to 32 years studying in London were examined. The study was based on the following methods: Yankovsky questionnaire of adaptation to a new socio-cultural environment, the Rogers and Diamond technique of diagnosis of socio-psychological adaptation, the Jones and Crandall Short Index of self-actualization, etc. The results for interpretation were obtained by statistical analysis (Mann – Whitney criterion) and correlation analysis (Spearman rank correlation coefficient) using SPSS 22.0 statistical software package. Results. Foreign students with a high level of self-actualization experience subjective well-being, and social surrounding is significant to them; however, subjective well-being is reduced when it is impossible to preserve individuality and choose a conformal type of adaptation. Foreign students with a low level of self-actualization have a subjective disadvantage that lessens when maintaining their individuality, pragmatic orientation, the acceptance of others, and self-actualization. Nevertheless, foreign students with a low level of self-actualization demonstrated a correlation between self-actualization and the interactive type of adaptation. Conclusion. The prospects for self-actualization of foreign students with a high and low level of self-actualization and the specifics of their socio-psychological adaptation have been studied.


A Functional Mock-up Interface (FMI) defines a standardized interface to be used in computer simulations to develop complex cyber-physical systems. FMI implementation by a software modeling tool enables the creation of a simulation model that can be interconnected, or the creation of a software library called a Functional Mock-up Unit (FMU). This report describes an FMU wrapper implementation that imports FMUs into a C++ environment and uses an Euler solver that executes FMUs in parallel using Open Multi-Processing (OpenMP). The purpose of this report is to elucidate the runtime performance of the solver when a multi-component system is imported as a single FMU (for the whole system) or as multiple FMUs (for different groups of components as sub-systems). This performance comparison is conducted using two test cases: (1) a simple, multi-tank problem; and (2) a more realistic use case based on the Modelica Buildings Library. In both test cases, the performance gains are promising when each FMU consists of a large number of states and state events that are wrapped in a single FMU. Load balancing is demonstrated to be a critical factor in speeding up parallel execution of multiple FMUs.


In this paper a new deblurring algorithms for a special deconvolution problem, where a parameter describes the degree of blurring, is considered. The algorithm is based on a Conjugate Gradient technique and used the recently developed weighted l2(Ω)-norm Total Variation regularizer to obtain a reasonable solution. In order to avoid the necessity of determining the appropriate regularization parameter for this TV regularizer, this TV regularizer is included as a multiplicative constraint. In this way the appropriate regularization parameter is determined by the deblurring process itself. Numerical test shows that the proposed algorithm works very effective.


The esophageal complications associated with bisphosphonate drugs have been publicized widely, but there is evidence that these drugs also may cause


For scholars of Southeast Asia interested in human rights, Myanmar is a country that 'has it all.' I use this tongue-in-cheek expression to suggest the myriad ways that the country remains mired in structural challenges that inform its current human rights problems. In this paper, I point out the country's most glaring structural challenges and link these to its most pressing human rights problems. A brief section about Myanmar in the context of COVID-19 offers the same conclusion as the rest of the article: while there is variance in the actors targeted and the degree of suppression, the underlying patterns of oppression remain unchanged over time. Acknowledgements: The author would like to thank Nyi Nyi Kyaw for reviewing a draft of this paper and offering helpful comments.


Six months ago she started to have panic attacks that roused her from sleep. Lately, they have become more frequent and more severe. What is the cause?


Seasonal variation in algae biomass productivity is a significant obstacle to the economical production of fuels and chemicals from algae biomass. Long-term storage is necessary to guarantee a constant supply to a conversion facility and harvested microalgae biomass (20% solids) is subject to degradation immediately upon harvesting as a result of aerobic instability. Ensiling has been successfully used to preserve microalgal biomass, but biomass attributes that contribute to successful storage are poorly understood. Storage studies of Monoraphidium sp. biomass indicate a strong correlation between nitrogen management in algae cultivation and stability of post-harvest algae biomass in 30 days of anaerobic storage. Algae cultivated with periodic nitrogen addition stored poorly (> 20% loss, dry basis), while algae biomass from cultures that were allowed to continue growing after nitrogen depletion was more stable in storage (8% loss, dry basis). A follow-up study aimed at exploring the relationship between nitrogen management in cultivation and stability of post-harvest algae biomass stored Monoraphidium biomass cultivated in nitrogen deplete and nitrogen replete conditions, as well as with blends of each in varying ratios. Monoraphidium biomass from nitrogen replete cultivations experienced the largest degradation (24%, dry basis), while nitrogen deplete biomass experienced the least (10%, dry basis). Dry matter loss experienced during storage of blends was positively correlated with the amount of nitrogen replete biomass that a blend contained. The composition of the post-storage algae microbial community was also strongly affected by cultivation conditions, with Clostridia species being more prevalent in stored biomass obtained from nitrogen replete cultivations. Nitrogen management has long been known to influence algae biomass productivity and biochemical composition; here, we demonstrate that it also strongly influences the stability of post-harvest algae biomass in anaerobic storage.


This chapter argues that Feng Youlan's view of culture with its core formed by 'China and the West' and 'past-present' can in fact be divided into four periods of growth and change. It first discusses the historical sequence and organisation of the actual development and turns in Feng Youlan's view of culture. From this, it shows that the actual development of Feng's thought was much more complex than he set out in the reflections of his old age. The chapter then examines how Feng's view of culture dealt with a tradition that stood in contrast to modernity and with the question of nationalisation that stood in contrast to modernisation. In this way it is evident that to see Feng's view of culture as merely one of 'past-present' is only a partial view. Keywords: Feng Youlan; modernisation; national cultures; nationalisation


Southern California and the Santa Monica Mountains experience a climate similar to that of the Mediterranean basin. This means hot, dry summers, mild, wet winters, and large amounts of plant diversity. A major issue that can affect these regions is water availability and processing. To demonstrate this, hydraulic conductance (Kh) was measured as a function of leaf area (KS Leaf) and xylem size (KS Xylem). Two vascular plants were used for this study, Encelia californica and Venegasia carpesioides. This is because they are similar morphologically but are different genus and species. It was hypothesized that the larger plant (V. carpesioides) will have a larger hydraulic conductance (Kh), larger hydraulic conductance per leaf area (KS Leaf), as well as a larger hydraulic conductance per xylem area (KS Xylem) because of its larger need for water. Kh was found using a Sperry apparatus and the student t-test gave a P-value of 0.1517, which does not suggest a significant difference, KS Xylem (Kh/Axylem) using venier caliper and gave a P-value of 0.2867, which does not suggest a significant difference, and KLeaf (Kh/ Aleaf) using Leaf Area Index which gave a P-value of 0.0385, suggesting a significant difference in Leaf-specific hydraulic conductance (KS Leaf) between Encelia californica and Venegasia carpesioides. This shows that the hypothesis was only partially accepted. Pepperdine University Fig. 1. Pepperdine Malibu Campus 6 11.908 32.021 5.659 2.310 6 58.291 5326.453 72.983 29.795 Count Mean Variance Std. Dev. Std. Err EC-Kh VC-Kh Group Info for t-test (Kh) Grouping Variable: Category for t-test (Kh) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90


This study numerically investigates the effects of variations in inflow conditions and planform geometry on large‐scale coherent flow structures and bed friction velocities at a stream confluence with natural bathymetry and concordant bed morphology. Several numerical experiments are conducted in which either the Kelvin‐Helmholtz mode or the wake mode dominates within the mixing interface (MI) between the two confluent streams as the junction angle and alignments of the tributaries are altered. In the Kelvin‐Helmholtz mode, the MI contains mostly corotating vortices driven by the mean transverse shear across the MI, while in the wake mode the MI contains counterrotating vortices forming by the interaction of the separated shear layers on the two sides of a zone of stagnant fluid near the junction corner. A large angle between the two incoming streams is not necessary for the development of strongly coherent streamwise‐oriented vortical (SOV) cells in the immediate vicinity of the MI. Results show that such SOV cells can develop and produce high bed friction velocities even for cases with a low angle between the two tributaries and for cases where the downstream channel is approximately aligned with the axes of the two tributaries (low‐curvature cases). SOV cells tend not to develop only when the incoming streams are parallel and aligned with the downstream channel (junction angle of zero), and the incoming flows produce a strong Kelvin‐Helmholtz mode. Under such conditions, quasi 2‐D MI vortices play the primary role in mixing and the production of high bed shear velocities. Simulations with and without natural bed morphology/local bank line irregularities indicate that planform geometry and inflow conditions primarily govern the development of coherent flow structures, but that bathymetric and bank line effects can locally modify details of these structures.


Although subterranean tombs are largely protected from the external environment, the colonization of microorganisms threatens their conservation. Conventional biocides have negative effects on the environment, human health, and the sensitive materials in ancient tombs, especially painted murals. Therefore, we tested the biocidal effects of 11 plant-extracted essential oils (EOs) against two fungal strains and four bacterial strains isolated from Buyeo Royal Tomb No. 1, a World Heritage Site in South Korea. Oregano, clove bud, thyme, and cinnamon cassia EOs showed the highest antifungal and antibacterial activities. At concentrations suitable for practical application (3–10%), oregano and cinnamon cassia EOs exhibited the highest antifungal and antibacterial activities against the tested microbial strains. No variation in the surface properties and mineral composition was detected for the lithotype specimens (granite and gneiss) treated with the EOs at 1–10%. Low-concentration thyme and oregano EOs led to minimal color change in the painting layer specimens, whereas clove bud and cinnamon cassia EOs caused yellowing of the oyster shell white pigment at a concentration of 3–10%. Our results suggest that 3% oregano EO is a candidate biocide that could minimize the biological damage to and promote the conservation of ancient tomb murals.


Background The most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in the older population is probably memranous nephropathy (MN). Treatment of patients with nephrotic syndrome caused by MN with adrenocorticotrophic hormon (ACTH) is shown to be efficient as primary and secondary therapy. We present our experience using ACTH in older patients with MN.Methods Between 2016 and 2019 six older patients with MN were treated with ACTH gel. We have used tetracosactide, a synthetic analog of ACTH, in intramuscular doses of 1 mg twice a week for 6-9 months. Estimated glomerular filtration rate, levels of albumin, glucose and proteinuria were studied both before and monthly during the follow-up period. Response in proteinuria was assessed as percent reduction from baseline level and as percent of patients with complete or partial remission or no response. Safety and tolerability were evaluated using the reported adverse event frequency either by the patients or the treating nephrologist and using the frequency of discontinuation due to adverse events.Results Three patients achieved total and another two partial remission with ACTH therapy for 6 months. One of the patients did not meet partial remission criteria but had a decrease in proteinuria level. None of the patients experienced cardiovascular or infectious events or a decrease in renal function.Conclusions ACTH is a good therapeutic alternative in older patients with MN with preserved renal function. Further controlled studies are needed to clarify the benefits of ACTH as a first line treatment option in older patients with MN and compare its use with other currently available therapies.


Present situation of application and research of emulsified fuels are included in thispaper. Based on the theoretical analysis and experimental results, a new mathematicalmodel-partial mixed and multi-step evaporation model, which is about the microexplosionof single droplet of emulsified fuels, is put forward in this paper. This model reflects thereal mixed process whthin the droplets, and some experimental phenomenon such as 'colddroplet step' and 'no water layer' can be interpreted agreeably by this model. This model isthe precondition of later study of influential factors of microexplosion which will be presentedin next paper.


The unreported oscillation flame was discovered in helium-diluted coflow jet. It had a premixed-like structure when propagating toward upstream, and then again came back to be tribrachial flame in downstream. By the previous work [9], it was identified that it is under the augmented negative buoyancy, (ρf ρco) by heavier fuel density than ambient coflow. But it was unable to be explained by buoyancy in that the generally known oscillating flame with a tribrachial structure also is influenced by the negative buoyancy. Thus, we focused on the characteristics of propagation as well as buoyancy to investigate the mechanism of the unreported oscillation flame.


Abstract : The influence of solvents on the rate of the uninhibited oxidation of styrene can be roughly correlated with the dielectric constants of the solvents. It is suggested that the propagation reaction involves a dipolar transition state and that the magnitude of the solvent effects might be used to identify dipolar transition states in other oxidation reactions. The effecc of solvents on the rate of oxidation of styrene inhibited by phenolic antioxidants is attributed to hydrogenbon bonding interactions between the phenolic hydroxyl group and the solvent. The magnitude of these interactions depends on the acidity of the phenol and on the degree of steric protection afforded the hydroxyl group by ortho-alkyl substituents. (Author)