Background  Dyslipidaemia may account for increased risk of cardiovascular disease in central obesity. Pharmacotherapy is often indicated in these patients, but the optimal approach remains unclear. We investigated the effects of atorvastatin and fish oil on plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels, including remnant‐like particle‐cholesterol and apolipoprotein C‐III, in dyslipidaemic men with visceral obesity.


This paper analyzes the principle of SYN attacks on the basis of the proposed methods have been inadequate defense,which gives a solution SYN attacks.Discussed ways to resolve this attack,and focuses on the monitoring approach based on methods of prevention.The method to the data source address given a different status,according to the source address of the state to deal with different data packets.


Simple Summary Quantification of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the cancer microenvironment has become of increasing interest in immuno-oncology and has been therefore studied extensively in all "high prevalence" cancer entities. However, only little is known about TILs infiltration in rare cancer entities, such as vulvar cancer. Here, we have studied an exceptional large multicenter cohort of 530 vulvar squamous cell cancer specimens using immunohistochemistry. The study was conducted using large tissue section to quantitate the CD3+/CD8+ T-cell density along the invasive margin compared to the center of the tumor. The CD3+ T-cell density at the invasive margin showed the strongest prognostic value. Moreover, analysing the interplay between both T-cell densities—at different locations—enabled us to identify three major immune phenotypes that showed strong prognostic relevance. Accordingly, the sole analysis of CD3+ T-cells at the invasive margin—rather than a cumbersome immune score—predicts patient's outcome in vulvar cancer. Abstract Background: Although quantification of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has become of increasing interest in immuno-oncology, only little is known about TILs infiltration in the tumor microenvironment and its predictive value in vulvar cancer. Methods: Immunohistochemistry and automated digital image analysis was applied to measure the densities of CD3+ (DAKO, #IR503) and CD8+ (DAKO, #IR623) TILs at the invasive margin and in the center of 530 vulvar squamous cell cancers. Results: An elevated density of CD3+ T-cell at the invasive margin was significantly associated with low tumor stage (p = 0.0012) and prolonged survival (overall survival [OS] p = 0.0027, progression free survival [PFS] p = 0.024) and was independent from tumor stage, nodal stage, grade, and HPV-status in multivariate analysis (p < 0.05). The prognostic impact of CD3+ cells in the center of the tumor was weaker compared to the invasive margin (OS p = 0.046, PFS p = 0.031) and lacking for CD8+ T-cell densities at any location (p ≥ 0.14 each). Unsupervised clustering of CD3+ and CD8+ T-cell densities identified three major subgroups corresponding to the immune desert (137 patients), immune excluded (220 patients) and immune inflamed phenotypes (133 patients). Survival analysis revealed a particular poor prognosis for the immune desert phenotype for OS (p = 0.0071) and PFS (p = 0.0027). Conclusion: Our data demonstrate a high prognostic value of CD3+ T-cells at the invasive margin and immune phenotypes in vulvar squamous cell cancer.


Ground-based vegetation monitoring methods are expensive, time-consuming and limited in sample size. Aerial imagery is appealing to managers because of the reduced time and expense and the increase in sample size. One challenge of aerial imagery is detecting differences among observers of the same imagery. Six observers analysed a set of 1-mm ground sample distance aerial imagery for graminoid species composition and important ground-cover characteristics. Kendall's coefficient of concordance (W) was used to measure agreement among observers. The group of six observers was concordant when assessed as a group. When each of the observers was assessed independently against the other five, lack of agreement was found for those graminoid species that were difficult to identify in the aerial images.


Accurate garlic identification and mapping are vital for precise crop management and the optimization of yield models. However, previous understandings of garlic identification were limited. Here, we propose an automatic garlic mapping framework using optical and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images on the Google Earth Engine. Specifically, we firstly mapped winter crops based on the phenology of winter crops derived from Sentinel-2 data. Then, the garlic was identified separately using Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data based on the winter crops map. Additionally, multi-source validation data were used to evaluate our results. In garlic mapping, coupled optical and SAR images (OA 95.34% and kappa 0.91) outperformed the use of only optical images (OA 74.78% and kappa 0.50). The algorithm explored the potential of multi-source remote sensing data to identify target crops in mixed and fragmented planting regions. The garlic planting information from the resultant map is essential for optimizing the garlic planting structure, regulating garlic price fluctuations, and promoting a healthy and sustainable development of the garlic industry.


Rural electrification has become a very important means of improving the standard of living of rural dwellers, a process which also helps in the electrification of remote and isolated regions. Presently, the electrification of such regions can be achieved through the use of renewable energy. The use of renewable energy sources such as PV and wind energy is gaining popularity as the solution to achieving the electrification of rural areas, such as the use of the microgrid, which can be in the form of an AC or DC microgrid. The DC microgrid can be used to connect distributed energy resources and its energy storage is considered to be an economical system to meet consumer demand due to its benefits, namely environmental friendliness, reliability and good performance in load distribution. The power system may experience many faults when transferring power via overhead transmission lines to the load. When these faults occur, it is important to detect the location and isolate the part that had experienced the fault quickly, without de-activating the whole microgrid. The main aim of this study was to conduct a power flow and faults analysis on a hybrid DC microgrid model with battery storage. The hybrid energy sources for the DC microgrid are the PV system and wind energy system. Firstly, this research conducted a power flow analysis for the hybrid DC microgrid. Secondly, a fault analysis was carried out on the system and both the power flow and the fault analysis were formulated through implementation in a MATLAB/Simulink environment under various conditions in order to ascertain the stability and reliability of the system. Various MATLAB/Simulations were carried out, including the DC single-line-ground fault and DC line-line fault and are analysed in a designed hybrid DC microgrid power system. The results showed that DC line-to-line and DC line-to-ground faults lead to the imbalance of DC voltage, which is difficult to re-balance and stabilize in the system after the existence of these faults. When these faults occurred in the system, there was immense fluctuation and unsteadiness of output load power delivered to consumers. Moreover, wind-generated power on the generation side was severely affected. Based on the results and analysis of those results, the hybrid DC microgrid is seen as a satisfactory and optimum concept for the generation and transmission of power for rural and isolated area electrification, i.e. it can provide power to remote areas that cannot be reached by the national grid. The study revealed, based on the analysis of results, that it has an effective response under fault conditions. Results for a hybrid DC microgrid revealed that high quality of power is experienced in load distribution. Also based on the results, when DC faults occurs there is disturbance to output.


A stain of virus was isolated from the liver of dead 7-day-old muscovy duckling characterized with dyspnoea,intestine mucous haemorrhage and lots of white necrosis spot on the pancreas.It was found that the isolate show polymorphism,and was enveloped with lipid bilayer membrane,cycled radially with spikes.This virus could agglutinate red blood cells of both chicken and pigeon under 4℃,and was specifically inhibited by positive sera against Newcastle disease virus.The Median Embryo Lethal Doses(ELD~(50)) and Mean Death Time(MDT) of the isolate to 10-day-old embryonated egg from a specific-pathogen-free chicken flock was 10~(-8.5)/0.1 ml and 63.2 hours respectively,and the Tissue Culture Infectious Dose 50(TCID_(50)) to Muscovy duck embryo fibroblast(MDEF) was 10~(-6.32)/0.1 ml.Both 10-day-old chicken and muscovy duckling were ill and then dead after intravenously inoculated or intramuscularly injected with this isolate,and also it can be recovered from these dead experimental animals.The results showed that this isolate is a mesogenic avian paramyxovirus Type 1.


We investigate the propagation of extragalactic cosmic rays (ECRs) in the regular component of the Galactic magnetic field. Especially we numerically calculate the expected time delay of ECRs due to curvature of trajectories. The maps of time delay depending on energy and arrival directions of ECRs have been constructed. We show that regular component of Galactic magnetic field increases the time delay up to 700 kyr for low-energy part (E>=3x10^17 eV) of ECRs. This value is noticeably larger than the expected time delay in a random (turbulent) component of the Galactic magnetic field. Both regular and turbulent components of Galactic magnetic field do not modify considerably ECR flux and spectrum at energy E>= 10^18 eV.


These include: References http://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/16/5/344#BIBL This article cites 15 articles, 10 of which can be accessed free at: Rapid responses http://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/cgi/eletter-submit/16/5/344 You can respond to this article at: service Email alerting the top right corner of the article Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article sign up in the box at


Under Kilimanjaro captures a vital moment in Hemingway's career-long struggle to balance his celebrity with his work as an artist, a struggle supercharged in the 1950s by his anxiety over his declining health and the status of his literary legacy. Ostensibly a book about the author's second African safari, Under Kilimanjaro also offers an oblique meditation on the conflicting priorities and demands of the literary marketplace. Hemingway criticized commodification, celebrity, and inauthentic interaction with other cultures throughout his oeuvre. But in Under Kilimanjaro, his critique of the rampant commodification of the African landscape and the experience of travel is tied into a very intimate critique of the commodification of his own image.


Erratum To "The Capital Asset Pricing Model: An Evaluation of Its Potential as a Strategic Planning Tool" By Thomas H. Naylor and Francis Tapon, Management Sci. 28 (10, October) (1982) 1166--1173.


The necessary and sufficient condition of Hurwitz-Schur stability of interval bivariate polynomials is established. Since interval bivariate polynomials are of linear affine property, Hurwitz-Schur stability of an interval bivariate polynomial can be guaranteed by the stability of its finite edge polynomials. An algorithm about the stability test of edge polynomials is provided.


Greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes from a seminatu- ral, extensively sheep-grazed drained moorland and inten- sively sheep-grazed fertilised grassland in South East (SE) Scotland were compared over 4 yr (2007-2010). Nitrous ox- ide (N2O) and methane (CH4) fluxes were measured by static chambers, respiration from soil plus ground vegeta- tion by a flow-through chamber, and the net ecosystem ex- change (NEE) of carbon dioxide (CO2) by eddy-covariance. All GHG fluxes displayed high temporal and interannual variability. Temperature, radiation, water table height and precipitation could explain a significant percentage of sea- sonal and interannual variations. Greenhouse gas fluxes were dominated by the net ecosystem exchange of CO2 at both sites. Net ecosystem exchange of CO2 and respiration was much larger on the productive fertilised grassland ( 1567 and 7157 g CO2eq m 2 yr 1 , respectively) than on the semi- natural moorland ( 267 and 2554 g CO2eq m 2 yr 1 , respec- tively). Large ruminant CH4 (147 g CO2eq m 2 yr 1 ) and soil N2O (384 g CO2eq m 2 yr 1 ) losses from the grazed grass- land counteracted the CO2 uptake by 34 %, whereas the small N2O (0.8 g CO2eq m 2 yr 1 ) and CH4 (7 g CO2eq m 2 yr 1 ) emissions from the moorland only impacted the NEE flux by 3 %. The 4-yr average GHG budget for the grazed grassland was 1034 g CO2eq m 2 yr 1 and 260 g CO2eq m 2 yr 1


The paper has focused on the analysis of the structure, features and a pplication of ISBN and ISSN. The paper has expounded the existing problems in th e application of ISBN and ISSN in library work.


The new era of enterprise business disruption has been significantly influenced by the technological revolution driven by the expanding use of artificial intelligence. Consumers' growing desire for comfort and safety has led to drastic shifts in the consumption patterns for retail due to the widespread use of digital and mobile technologies, especially after the Covid-19 pandemic. Hence, the popularity of e-commerce is expected to considerably grow. Through this study, the authors attempt to identify the various factors of artificial intelligence that affect customer engagement in the Indian e-commerce sector. The authors also propose a CAPE model (Captivating Consumers by Using Chatbots for Interaction, Augmented AI Advertising, Personalized Content and Offerings, Engaging Consumers based on AI Data Insights) indicating the strategies that Indian e-commerce businesses and marketers may adopt for enhancing the levels of customer engagement in a post-pandemic scenario.


Changes occurring during ecdysis may contribute to differences in uptake and concentration of pollutants in molting and non-molting blue crabs, Callinectes sapidus. Premolt and intermolt crabs were exposed to 3H-BaP (0.01 ng/1) and 14C-PCB-153 (21 ng/1) to examine the bioconcentration of xenobiotics during the molt cycle. No differences in concentrations of BaP in the hepatopancreas were seen between premolt and intermolt crabs exposed for 24 or 48 hours. Intermolts concentrated more PCB-153 in the hepatopancreas, following 24 hours of exposure, than premolt crabs. However, no differences were seen in concentrations of PCB-153 in the hepatopancreas between premolt and intermolt crabs following a 48 hour exposure period. BaP was more highly concentrated in the hepatopancreas than the gills for both premolt and intermolt crabs following a 24 hour exposure. PCB-153 was found at similar concentrations in the hepatopancreas and gills for both molting and non-molting crabs following a 24 hour exposure. Metabolite analysis revealed that highest concentrations of BaP were present as water soluble metabolites in the hepatopancreas for both premolt and intermolt crabs. Conversely, PCB-153 in the hepatopancreas was found predominantly as parent compound. Control and treated molting crabs were examined for growth differences following ecdysis. No differences were apparent between treated and control crabs for carapace width increase or weight gain. Factors potentially affecting the accumulation of xenobiotics in crabs are numerous. Metabolic processes occurring at the tissue and cellular levels may determine the quantity of pollutants taken up from a waterborne source. These processes include, but are not limited to respiration, 0 2 availability, biotransformation and translocation of compounds in the tissues of the organism. COMPARISON OF UPTAKE AND DISPOSITION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN INTERMOLT AND ECDYSIAL BLUE CRABS, CALLINECTES SAPIDUS INTRODUCTION Xenobiotic compounds, or chemicals foreign to the body, may be introduced to the environment through many routes, including industrial and agricultural applications (Aheam 1974). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are two common classes of xenobiotics. PAHs are present in petroleum and creosote, and produced as a result of combustion of fossil fuels (Aheam 1974). PCBs have been used mainly as additives in hydraulic and transformer fluids, lubricating oils, and as plasticizers. Production of PCBs has, in most cases, been halted (Philips 1986). Contaminants in the atmosphere, terrestrial environment and water affect resident organisms. Depending on the compound and its concentration, effects may immediately manifest themselves in the exposed organism, or they may show a delayed effect, altering survival, growth or reproduction. Aquatic organisms may be exposed to and accumulate xenobiotics through food, water or sediments (Lee et al. 1976, Marcus and Mathews 1987). Invertebrates, specifically crabs, can accumulate pollutants from contaminated food sources (Shchekaturina 1981). Observations also show bioconcentration, uptake through water, of toxicants by Callinectes sapidus (Roberts 1981, Lee et al. 1972). The blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, is an important component of the Atlantic East and Gulf coasts of North America. It serves as scavenger, predator and prey (Van Engel 1958, Millikin and Williams 1984) in the fundamental food webs of the Chesapeake Bay ecosystem. The potential for uptake of xenobiotics from food, water


The dc conductivity (σ) along the polar b‐axis of ammonium zinc chloride (AZC) crystals in its four high‐temperature phases has been measured as a function of temperature. Doping with Mn2+ in different concentrations changed strongly both values of σ at all temperatures and the dependence of ln σdc on 1/T in the phase transition regions. The activation energy of conduction was calculated from the linear portions of this dependence in each phase. The results were discussed in the light of the decomposition of (NH4)2 in the high‐temperature normal phase, the discommensuaration (DC) formation/annihilation in the incommensurate phase and domain wall motion and stripples nucleation in the commensurate‐ and antiferroelectric‐phases. Pinning of DC's in the crystal lattice and/or by the structural defects and the possibility of dislocation formation was also discussed. The bulk‐ and the electrode‐limited conduction mechanisms were also considered. The current density‐voltage gradient relationship according to the usual Richardson‐Schottky (R‐S) equation shows disagreement between extracted parameters and experimentally measured ones. A modified equation was used to solve this difficulty which, in addition, facilitated the calculation of the electronic mobility (μ), the barrier height (φ) at the electrode‐dielectric interface and the R‐S constant (βRS). The effect of Mn2+‐content on values of μ, φ and βRS in different phases of AZC was also considered. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Citation: Kurath-Koller S and Koestenberger M (2022) Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy: Improvement of Diagnosis and Risk Stratification by Implementation of Echocardiographic Normative Values in Children. Front. Pediatr. 10:868791. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.868791 Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy: Improvement of Diagnosis and Risk Stratification by Implementation of Echocardiographic Normative Values in Children


For observation on that whether formation of the bile sludge occurs or not the biliary stents with spiral Titanium-Nickel(TiNi) shape memory alloy endoprosthesis were used in nine patients with biliary strictures.Eight patients were followed up for 3 to 18months except for one patient who had died on the fourth postoperative day.No bile sludge was seen during whole period of follow-up.The result showed that TiNi shape memory alloy endoprosthesis may resolve possiblly the formation of bile sludge which is the common trouble in biliary stents.


Development of the transmission network broadcasting in the USSR went through several stages. At each stage the problem was solved comprehensively taking into account the possibilities of the domestic industry, the level of telecommunications development and electrification of the country as well as other objective conditions. The existing transmission network by the beginning of the 1980s provided broadcasting coverage of the entire territory of the USSR. The number of receivers and wired radio broadcasting exceeded 80 million units each. This meant that virtually every family living in the service area had a radio, a wire-broadcasting unit. In the 1970s significant success was achieved in the development of radio transmission equipment. Transmitter power was increased and its operating range was expanded. In addition, the efficiency of management by increasing the degree of automation and the use of computer devices directly into the transmitter was raised. The quality of information signals transmission, the parameters of signals emitted by radio transmitting stations in terms of electromagnetic compatibility of different tools and systems consistently improved. Considerable progress was also observed in the circuit design and construction solutions (e.g., the use of solid-state devices), so the consumption of materials and labor on their manufacture were significantly reduced. The constantly increasing requirements to all parameters of radio systems and the quality of household receivers caused intensive qualitative development of radio receiving equipment the historically first branch of Radio Engineering. Development trends, scientific and technical problems in this area were extremely varied, since in different frequency bands and different radio systems there were significantly different types of modulation used, the component, the physical nature and the level of interference, radio conditions, and the basic units of construction equipment. In the development of the radio receiving equipment in 1975-1985, there preserved directions established for many years. This, above all, is the development of increasingly high ranges, increased sensitivity and noise immunity. During the X-XI Five-Year Plan, the country established a powerful technical base of wire and radio broadcasting, including the production of the necessary equipment, implemented a number of original cost-effective solutions, tailored services to the population of the USSR with different kinds of information.


Shifting upward in scale passages is a very simple natural movement requiring no technical explanation. On the other hand downward in scale and all passages downward there is a technical articulation which could be described as follows-the last finger used downward before the shift which in scales is always the first finger becomes liaison between the two positions. It starts moving down scale-wise and as it passes the place where the next note in the scale will be the finger to be used for that note having already been articulated up for action will strike downward to hit the moving first finger as the latter passes the exact place where the next scale note will be. The moving first finger always escapes being struck. The articulated finger strikes the actual note to be played and the moving first finger in this duplicate motion automatically stops in the new hand position at its normal place-In scale passages these shifts are either from one to two or from one to three or from one to four. In order to clearly illustrate this technical motion write out and play this preparatory exercise of the C Maj. scale -Start from C on the A string two octaves up. The first shift is from a to g in 1-2.-Since 1 on a will be 1 on f when 2 arrives at its destination g and the shift is completed write the shift out melodically a-f-g which is 1-1-2-Continuing on down the next shift will again be 1-1-2 or f-d-e, Now comes a change. The next shift will be from first finger to third finger 1-3The first finger in order to take its natural place when shift has been completed will go down not a third but a fourth. From d to a. Starting with this shift we use three notes per hand position in place of two notes. Continuing down the three notes per hand position is repeated with fourth finger taking the place of third finger because of the greater distance between notes. Insist on clean strong articulation. It is the main requirement.


A matrix form of the Boolean differential temporal (parametric) operators is proposed. The procedures of preliminary binary image processing (logic filtering, finding of contours) are constructed on this base. This presentation of the operators allows to synthesize the algorithms having a mapping into an architecture of systolic arrays.


This writing specifically ellaborates the structural dakwah strategy of the Sambas Local Government post conflict. This is a qualitative-based research with sociological and communication approach. The data source of this research comes from the Ministry of Religions, Local Government, Religious Harmony Forum (FKUB), Indonesian Council of Ullemas (MUI) Sambas Regency, Sambas Muslim Forum TQN, religious and public figures in Sambas. Also, people who presumably  can give information related to this topic. All data is collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data is analyzed through 4 stages of processess; data reduction, data presentation, data verification and conclusion. Fact-check process is using triangulation, reference books, and applying member check. The result of this research shows that the structural dakwah strategy, in which the local government FKUB, and MUI are in charge of, is performing the strategy throughout several religious prorgram. It is aligned with the regent of Sambas vision that has been determined in RPJMD 2016-2021 (the government masterplan). For example,  building the life quality of religious community, providing hajj service facilites, providing religious consultancy, empowering houses of Quran in the districts, conducting preach during Ramadan, reciting on Magrib (dusk time), and visiting people's house programme. There are also another program such as young preachers recruitment, non-civil servant consultant, and empowering people and religious teachers to preserve the community post conflict in the places where the social religious problems threaten the community.


Aim: The aim of this work is to study the mortality from neoplasms and more specifically from the malignant neoplasms (cancer) in Cyprus.
Methods: The methods were used in this study are case fatality rate (CFR) and mortality rate (MR) with the aim of studying the tumors in Cyprus as well as extracting a risk measure.
Results: The results showed that the highest case fatality rate of death in men from malignant neoplasms is 11.6% and occurs in the brain. The corresponding rate for women is 7%. In addition, the highest cancer mortality rate occurs in malignant neoplasm of trachea, bronchus and lung in men, while in women in malignant neoplasm of breast.
Conclusions: This study has shown that the death rate due to malignant neoplasms in Cyprus varies depending on the type of cancer, with a higher rate to appear in trachea, bronchus and lung overall for both genders.


Faulted Inter Bus Transformer (IBT) can cause power system instability. Therefore, it will be isolated to prevent the spreading of disturbance. IBT at the Ptn Substation which supplies Ptn – Grt and Dwt Subsystem is discussed in this paper. The event discussed is 2 of 3 IBTs are out of work so that only one left. So, load shedding of Dwt Subsystem is required to avoid further disturbance. However, after it is applied, the voltage at the Dwt Subsystem will increase beyond the allowed rating. Therefore, further action is required by releasing some capacitor banks of several substations that have the highest rated voltage until the voltage in all substations is within the permitted rating. Finally, The system return to stable after load shedding with total 226.45 MW and capacitor shedding with total 150 Mvar.


Editor's Message The Web has raised curious contradictions a bout personal identity. On one side we see an increasing depersonalization: Online co urses now substitute e-mail for face-toface meetings. The computerized form le tter is the genre of choice in business. People work so much in isolation that the c omputer begins to replace all personal interaction and becomes an addiction. You c an visit Dr. Maressa Hecht Orzack's site at http://www.computeraddiction.com to see how far you, or "your friend," has gone along the path to Internet Addictive Disor der. On the other side, e-mail, Web rings (see http://www.webring.com), online photo albums, and other new media forms bring people together. Families and old friends stay connected by sharing pictures, video, and writing through the Internet. People of all ages now create images of the mselves through their websites and their e-mail signatures (see "Seeing Ourselve s in the Computer: How We Relate to Technologies," December 1998). Many pe ople, especially in Japan, even put their diaries on the Web, sharing their daily e vents and their most personal thoughts with the global community. Questions about how new technologies resha pe our relations with one another and our own identities do not yield simple answ ers. As we use these technologies, we start with familiar goals—to learn, to share, to com miserate, to have fun—but we accomplish these goals in new ways. Moreover, as we ad opt new practices, or ways of communicating and representing ourselves, we begin to change as well. If we want to know what these new practices mean for us and for liter acy education, we need to look more closely at how people actually use the new media and what they mean to them. In this month's column, we are fortunate to have Gail E. Hawisher discuss issues related to women's use of new communica tion technologies and, in particular, how women use personal images to connect wit h one another. Gail is known internationally for her work in writing studies, comput ers and composition, and literacy studies. Constructing Our Identities Through Online Images


A secondary battery including battery elements having a positive electrode (1) and a negative electrode (6) alternately laminated via a separator (20), the positive and negative electrodes each including: collectors (3, 8); and an active substance (2, 7) coated on the collectors. Each surface of the collectors has a coated section in which the active substance is coated and an uncoated section not coated by the active substance. In either the positive or negative electrode, or both, a boundary section (4a) between the coated section and the uncoated section on the surface of the collectors is positioned separated, in a planar manner, from a boundary section (4b) between the coated section and the uncoated section on the rear surface of the collectors.


Psycho-physiological characteristics of the primary schoolboys are considered, their ability to study foreign languages, and appropriate means of foreign language's teaching in the primary school are analyzed.


Patient satisfaction has become one of the central indicators to measure quality of provision of health care services. However, it has been made clear in previous literature that the effectiveness and efficiency of the health care services is not directly proportional to the satisfaction level, because an array of patient's personal, psychological, and cognitive factors such as beliefs, expectations, knowledge and others may come into play. In this current article, we report on a study aiming to examine the role of health literacy in predicting patient satisfaction with health care in Latvia. In summer-autumn 2017, data were collected from a random sample of 451 participants (44 % male) in age from 18 to 81 years. The participants filled-in the questionnaire consisting of: Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ-III, Ware, Snyder, & Wright, 1976) and European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q, HLS-EU Consortium, 2012). We measured four out of the seven aspects of PSQ, namely, general satisfaction, technical quality, interpersonal aspects, and communication. HLS-EU-Q contains three subscales: health care, disease prevention, and health promotion. Study results confirm that one of the health literacy aspects health care was the most important predictor of all patient satisfaction aspects, while health promotion predicted technical quality.


This study reports a new interlayer decoration method for fabricating thin film composite (TFC) forward osmosis (FO) membranes. Metal–organic framework (UiO-66) particles were dispersed at the aque...


Abstract : The study provides a refinement of the procedures previously developed for the determination of the appropriate distribution of officer grades for the Air Force to permit application of the same position evaluation procedure to individual officer positions. A scale of benchmark jobs with titles of established successive levels of requirements was used to derive a set of job requirement factor scales. These scales were applied to 1000 Air Force officer position descriptions collected and previously applied in the Officer Grade Requirements Study. Comparison of rating distributions based upon adjective scales and the benchmark scales revealed lower mean values, larger standard deviations, and superior zero-order validity of the ratings based on the benchmark scales. The predictive efficiency of optimal composites of the benchmark scales was equivalent to that of the adjective scales. A set of integer weights for use in field application of the equations was derived without significant loss of validity. (Author)


Fe3O4-N-[(3-Trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine triaceticacid trisodium (Fe3O4-TMS) has been synthesized by TMS adsorb to the surface of Fe3O4. Energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) was used to characterize Fe3O4-TMS. The results of EDS indicate that TMS is modified on the surface of Fe3O4 successfully. The effects of initial concentration, pH, and coexist ions on the equilibrium adsorption capacities of strontium ion were investigated comprehensively. Removal of Sr2+ could reach 100% when initial concentration of Sr2+ is 1.0 mmol/L. The effect of pH conforms to S curve. Equation of the curve is qSr = 0.08104 – 0.09012/(1 + exp((pH – 2.92707)/0.2995)). Correlation coefficient is equal to 0.9987. Sodium and calcium ions suppress the adsorption of strontium ion. Complexation and ion exchange maybe main adsorption mechanism.


Background: When health-related research funding agencies choose to fund research, they balance a number of competing issues: costs, stakeholder views and potential benefits. The REWARD Alliance, and the related Lancet-REWARD Campaign, question whether those decisions are yielding all the value they could.  Methods: A group of health-related research funding agencies, organisations that represent health-related research funding agencies and those that inform and set health-related-research funding policy from around the world have come together since 2016 to share, learn, collaborate and influence emerging practice. This group meets under the name of the Ensuring Value in Research Funders' Forum (EViR Funders' Forum). The EViR Funders' Forum worked together to develop a set of ten Guiding Principles, that if funders adhered to would reduce research waste and ensure value in research.  Results: The EViR Funders' Forum has previously agreed and published a Consensus Statement. The Forum has agreed on a set of ten Guiding Principles to help health-research funders to maximise the value of research by ensuring that: research priorities are justifiable; the design, conduct and analysis of research minimise bias; regulation and management are proportionate to risks; methods and findings are accessible in full; and findings are appropriately and effectively disseminated and used. Conclusions: When setting research funding policy, we must balance multiple stakeholders' needs and expectations. When funders do this well, they maximise the probability of benefits to society from the research they support - when funders do this badly, they passively allow or actively contribute to research waste. These challenges must be resolved by funders either working together or in conjunction with other actors in the research ecosystem.


Most thyroid nodules are benign. 4% of Americans have a thyroid nodule. Of these approximately 2-5% harbors a malignancy. Most patients are euthyroid and imaging studies are not helpful in differentiating malignant versus benign characteristics. Diagnosis initially with an FNA is utilized most often. If malignant and the lesion is excised with either total thyroidectomy or a hemithroidectomy including a lobectomy with an isthmusectomy depending upon size. INCIDENCE: 4-7% of Americans have a palpable thyroid nodule RISK FACTORS FOR MALIGNANCY: Radiation exposure


synthesized in the presence of puromycin, i.e. all PAPP-A found in the medium was wash-out material already present in the placenta before perfusion. These results indicate that the placenta is capable of synthesizing de novo the mentioned placental proteins. Cycloheximide and puromycin inhibit this process, even during the comparatively short perfusion period, to a variable extent according to the protein observed. Selective stimulation by steroids, amino acids and growth factors should give more information about the regulation of PAPP synthesis and the role of these proteins in the maintenance of pregnancy and placental function.


Heart Association functional class and low stroke rates (3.1% vs. 2.2%; p 1⁄4 0.11). The FRANCE 2 registry reported more frequent use of post-procedural pacemaker implantation in men (3), while more women had higher rates with the balloon-expandable valve (Sapien, Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, California), which may illustrate the impact of balloon expansion in smaller aortic roots. After multiple adjustments, we found the male sex to be a predictive factor of 1-month to 1-year mortality. Our report is the first large study to corroborate such insight of the literature (2,3). Although aortic stenosis affects both sexes equally (4), the limited use of TAVR in female patients ("only" 49.5% of the cohort) is somewhat confusing, given their naturally longer life expectancy. This paradox had already been confirmed in valvular surgery (5). Women should, in fact, receive a higher rate of TAVR procedures, which could further enhance its cost-effectiveness. In conclusion, our study provides evidence of the numerous imbalances in baseline characteristics and outcomes that exist between sexes. The lower 1-year mortality in women remained significant after adjustment for confounders. The logistic EuroSCORE was not a good predictor of mortality and appeared unsuitable for 1-month prognosis estimation in female patients. This underlines the usefulness of drawing up a specific risk score for complications and mortality in TAVR patients, notably one that includes sex.


A series of La1−xSrxNi0.6Fe0.4O3 mixed oxides were synthesized by a coprecipitation method, followed by calcination at 1000 °C. Materials with x < 0.100 exhibited a rhombohedral structure similar to that observed for La0.4Ni0.6Fe0.4O3, whereas materials with x between 0.125 and 0.150 were orthorhombic. The unit-cell volume decreased linearly from x = 0 to x = 0.090, but increased for increasing Sr2+ content. Materials with still higher Sr content (x between 0.200 and 0.300) exhibited additional XRD reflections indicating the limit of Sr solubility into to the perovskite. The electrical conductivity of the La1−xSrxNi0.6Fe0.4O3 increased continuously up to x = 0.090, but decreased sharply when the Sr2+ content was increased to x = 0.100 or higher. However, no such discontinuity was observed in the ionic conductivities. The specific electrical behavior of these materials is discussed on the basis of equilibrium between two possible charge-compensation mechanisms. The first mechanism pictures La3+ substituted...


Being vast, multifaceted and widely recognized, the writing "for" children and youth by Manuel Antonio Pina allows, like few do, for a variety of possible readings.


The purpose of the present study was to describe characteristics of interpersonal negotiation strategies (INS) in conjunction with the ability to infer others' emotions in interpersonal conflict situations, based on research with 20 adolescents with Down syndrome; the control group was 20 adolescents without disabilities, who were matched with the other participants for chronological age. No statistically significant differences were fbund between the adolescents with Down syndrome and the contre! group in the use of interpersonal negotiation strategies. This result suggests that there may be a similarity in the interpersonal negotiation strategies adopted by the 2 groups. However, fewer adolescents with Down syndrome, compared to the control group, resorted to mutually beneficial strategies, so it can be assumed that fewer interpersonal negotiation strategies are available to thcm. Ability in interpersonal conflict situations was estimated as being at a lower level in the adolescents with Down syndrome compared to the control participants. Lack of this ability was conspicuous in the adolescents with Down syndrome who used other-transfbrming strategies to the detriment of their making a reasonable inference about the others' emotions.


Acknowledgements Note on abbreviations and measurements List of tables, figures and maps List of illustrations Introduction 1. The Caracciolo di Brienza 2. Structure and evolution of an aristocratic patrimony 3. The management of an aristocratic landed patrimony 4. The feudal lord and his vassals: between traditional paternalism and change 5. Aristocratic strategies for the preservation of family wealth 6. Offices, courts and taxes, the aristocracy and the Spanish rule Conclusion Glossary Appendix on sources Bibliography.


Ischemic tissues generate nitric oxide (NO) by direct reduction of tissue nitrite under the acidic conditions that occur during ischemia. In view of the important implications of this enzyme‐independent mechanism of NO generation on the pathogenesis and treatment of tissue injury, the NO formation in mice subjected to cardiopulmonary arrest was measured and imaged. Real‐time measurement of NO generation was performed by detection of naturally generated NO‐heme complexes in tissues using L‐band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. To distinguish NO generated from nitrite, animals were labeled with isotopically enriched 15N‐nitrite. Mice were infused with nitrite (70 mg/kg, intravenous), cardiopulmonary arrest induced by an overdose of phenobarbital, and transferred to the EPR resonator. Measurements of NO generation were performed on the intact animal at the levels of the head, thorax, and abdomen. At the end of 3 hr, major organs were isolated and analyzed for their NO signal. The NO complexes were found to have maximum levels in lung, heart, and liver. Three‐dimensional spatial mapping of the NO complex in the intact animal subjected to cardiopulmonary arrest was performed using EPR imaging techniques. The images also confirmed the maximum formation in the lungs, heart, and liver. The present data reveal that mice subjected to cardiopulmonary arrest generate large amounts of NO, which is nitrite mediated. The observed signal was largely due to heme‐bound NO, which accounted for the high concentrations found in these organs. This increased NO formation during cardiopulmonary arrest could contribute to the difficulty of resuscitation after long periods of arrest. Magn Reson Med 45:700–707, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Scope ................................................................................................................................................1 Instrument Description.....................................................................................................................1 General .........................................................................................................................................1 Gas Train and Flow Control/Monitoring Description .................................................................2 Burner Description .......................................................................................................................7 Fuel Description .........................................................................................................................10 Data Acquisition ........................................................................................................................11 FireTOSS Calculations ..................................................................................................................12 Heat Release Rate Calculation ...................................................................................................12 Uncertainty and Accuracy..............................................................................................................13 Appendix A – Calculation of Natural Gas Properties ....................................................................14 Appendix B – Tube Burner Flow Chart and Wiring Diagram.......................................................16 References ......................................................................................................................................20


This paper has tried to analyze the socioeconomic determinants of total as well as gender specific life expectancy in Turkey from 1971 to 2017. Data stationarity has been checked by ADF, PP and DFGLS unit root tests and cointegration has been checked with the help of the ARDL bound testing method. The estimated results show that the overall level of education, purchasing power and economic development have a significant role in deciding total average life expectancy in Turkey. Whereas, population growth and environmental degradation have an insignificant contribution in deciding total average life expectancy in Turkey. Estimates show environmental degradation, purchasing power and level of male education have contributed significantly in male life expectancy in Turkey. Economic development and share of the male population have an insignificant role in deciding life expectancy of male in Turkey. Environmental degradation, the level of female education, fertility rates and female population significantly effected female life expectancy, but purchasing power has an insignificant role in deciding life expectancy of female in Turkey. The results recommend that the government of Turkey should enhance the level of education and try to stable purchasing power and sustainable development with controlled fertility rates for higher level life expectancy.


Gangliosides are glycosphingolipids (GSL) carrying one or several sialic acid residues. They are essentially located on the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane in microdomains named "glycosynapses", where they can interact with transmembrane receptors or signal transducers involved in cell prolifer...


Reversible solid oxide cells (SOCs) are potentially useful for electrical energy storage due to their good storage scalability, but have not been seriously considered due to concerns over round-trip efficiency. Here we propose an SOC storage chemistry where the fuel cycles between H2O–CO2-rich and CH4–H2-rich gases. The unique feature is the formation of CH4 during electrolysis, a less endothermic process than the usual H2- or CO-forming reactions, enabling improved efficiency. Thermodynamic calculations and preliminary experiments show that the CH4-rich storage chemistry is produced during SOC operation at reduced temperature (∼600 °C) and/or increased pressure (∼10 atm). Balance of plant storage system requirements are discussed briefly.


Objectives: Currently, masks against yellow dust and fine particulates are being certified with no consideration of facial dimensional variations among children and adults. The aims of this study were to develop masks against yellow dust and fine particulates for children in Korea and provide basic data to suggest new test methods for mask certification that consider the breathing capacity of children.
Methods: A total of 730 study participants aged from six to 13 years old were recruited in the Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Incheon region. This study used a 3D scanning instrument to obtain 16 facial anthropometric data points. Literature reviews, a comparison of breathing capacity between adults and children, and analysis of children's pulmonary physiological data were conducted in order to suggest new test standards for certifying children's masks against yellow dust and fine particulates. In addition, types of children's masks, choice of wearing a mask or not, and reasons for not wearing masks were surveyed.
Results: Based on a clustering analysis of participants' facial dimensions, facial shapes were classified into three groups: small, medium, and large. The sizes of children's masks were subtracted by using 3D sketch techniques(Large: 121.25 mm x 89.46 mm, Medium: 111.92 mm x 78.55 mm, Small: 102.13 mm x 72.87 mm). In certifying children's mask, flow rates of 60 l/m for the filtering efficiency test and 20 l/m for the breathing resistance test were recommended, since children's pulmonary physiological capacity is about 60-70% of adults' pulmonary capacity.
Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that three mask sizes for children would be sufficient and practical for providing protection against yellow dust and fine particulates. Revising current test methods for certifying respiratory protective devices for children is important, since children's pulmonary physiological capacity substantially differs from that of adults. Therefore, it is recommended that new test standards for certifying children's masks be promulgated in the near future.


explanation of anything. It is a category that is being asked to do the work of a theory. Since it can't, Weisband turns to an au courant psychoanalytic theorist whose totalizing assumptions can encompass the concept that interests him while remaining impervious to falsification. Wiesband is right that macabresque is a useful category in understanding horror. In particular, it shows that the usual explanations invoking categories such as civil war, ideology, leadership—even ethnicity—are inadequate. The answer lies deep in the psyches of men and woman. As Bauman shows, we should at least consider that the answer is simple, just unbearable. There are a lot of people who would like to torment, torture, humiliate and kill other people if given the chance. The desire is not deep but shallow and widespread, restrained by norm and law. And so the question remains, what is the theoretical contribution of the concept of macabresque given that it is not an explanation? Wiesband's notion of the macabresque offers a perspective on genocide and mass atrocity that calls our attention to the disturbing fact that death is not the primary goal of the perpetrators. Humiliation is. "Perpetrators want victims to feel shame, suffer humiliation, and recognize that they deserve the humiliation because they are shameful" (p. 341). Victims are made complicit in their own betrayal and torture. RecallWinston Smith inNineteen Eighty-Four, tortured so terribly that he finally cries out "Do it to Julia! Do it to Julia!" Julia, the reader will recall, is Winston Smith's lover and fellow rebel against the regime of Big Brother. Once Smith betrays all he loves, his life is over. His physical life or death is meaningless. Wiesband alerts us to the idea that this seems to be what those who commit torture often want, either explicitly (forcing one family member to kill or rape another), or implicitly. The only hard case for Weisband is Argentina, where the torture took place in little rooms hidden from the public and was thus not a straightforward performative transgression, insofar as it lacked an audience. But if the performances were a poorly kept secret, the disappearances were widely known, just unspoken, at least in public, at least at the time. What is to be learned from Weisband's study? The most important thing is how horrible ordinary people can be to others. This is not the same thing as Arendt's "banality of evil," for there is nothing banal about their motives. Beyond this, the macabresque points out and organizes an infrequently noticed, or at least an infrequently commented upon, aspect of genocide and mass atrocity. The goal is not to kill other people, but to degrade and humiliate them so that they become someone for whom death is the same as life. Finally, the book illustrates that a concept is not a theory. This is not to devalue a good concept, one that organizes and highlights aspects of human action previously given insufficient attention, possibly because they are so disturbing. Psychoanalytic explanations, at least the one Weisband draws upon from Lacan, are obscure and hermetic to the uninitiated, and we can never know if they are true or false, or even a likely story. A psychological explanation that makes more sense, and one that Weisband also draws upon, is that those who impose shame and humiliation have themselves been shamed and humiliated. The psycho-logic seems to assume that shame and humiliation can be transferred from one person to another, one group to another, if absolute power over the other is available. As the United States intervenes, or not, throughout the world it is a good thing to take care not to inflict shame and humiliation on friends and enemies alike, lest they turn on themselves, the United States, and each other in our wake.


This study, a pioneer in the investigation of the dissemination of enteric viruses in the organic lettuce production chain in the state of Rio de Janeiro, has as main objective to demonstrate these pathogens as important environmental contaminants, as well as their use as markers of human fecal contamination. The study of norovirus (NoV), rotavirus A (RVA), human adenovirus (HAdV) and enterovirus (EV) was carried out in the region of Brejal, Petropolis municipality, one of the largest agricultural production areas in the State. In the years 2010 and 2011, twelve collection campaigns were carried out, where 60 water samples were obtained in the different stages of production (spring, irrigation, washing) and 36 of lettuces, including adult seedlings and lettuces. To evaluate the water quality, physical-chemical parameters and bacteriological indicators such as total coliforms and Escherichia coli were also quantified. For viral detection and quantification, all samples were concentrated by the negatively charged membrane adsorption-elution method with initial volumes of two liters (2 L) and 25 grams (g) of water and lettuce respectively and analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction quantitative (qPCR) using TaqMan ™ system. Viruses were detected in 48.4% of the water samples (29/60) and in 44.5% (16/36) of lettuce samples, with concentrations varying from 7.29 x101 to 4.72 x106 gc L -1 and from 4.29 x 101 to 5.56 x 104 gc 25 g-1 , respectively. HAdV were detected at all water and lettuce collection points (11.5% - 11/96), although RVA were the most prevalent with 14.6% (14/96) of detection, followed by EV ([12.5%] 12/96) and NoV ([8.3%] 8/96). Positive samples for HAdV were processed for virus isolation in culture of A549, HEK 293 and HEp-2 cells and those positive for EV in RD, MRC-5 and HEp-2c cells. Although the infectivity of viruses detected has not been demonstrated, levels of concentration in the order of 104 in lettuces ready for commercialization, the presence of at least two different viruses in all the points studied, as well as the detection in waters characterized as adequate by the bacteriological parameters, demonstrate the importance of the use of viruses as markers of environmental contamination in productive chains of vegetables, in order to ensure the quality of these foods. Escherichia coli values higher than those established by legislation corroborated the poor water quality used for irrigation of seedlings.


This chapter presents an overview of a relatively new approach to creative writing, complementing more 'traditional' methods of teaching, by focusing on stylistic and narratological approaches to the discipline. The method proceeds from the premise that the ambition to write creatively presupposes an interest in the 'expressive mechanics' of language. A more in-depth understanding of these processes will benefit the writer in many ways, for example by providing them with a precise taxonomy with which to describe various fictional, poetic and dramatic techniques. This will aid detailed analysis of their own and others' creative work.

Stylistics-based modules have often taught the subject by presenting theory in conjunction with textual examples. This approach to the practice of creative writing takes such a process one step further, by encouraging practioners subsequently to produce creative work in the form of short exercises which exemplify and creatively explore the theory. A 'two-pronged' approach is adopted, then, whereby writers are at first introduced to various stylistic and narratological concepts and models (e.g. plot versus narrative, linguistic deviation, deixis, register, focalization, ways of representing thought/speech, and metaphor), then asked to respond to them creatively; for example, an exercise might ask writers to use linguistic deviation to foreground themes and images; another might get them to deploy varying focalizations to tell the same story from different perspectives.

This chapter discusses the rationale behind this approach to the discipline, and its intended content in some detail. A brief selection of exercises for further practice is also presented.


Significance Power laws of scaling are major achievements of ecology. Such empirical laws say that one quantity varies as some power of another quantity. For example, Taylor's law says that the variance of population density changes as a power of the mean population density. Density-mass allometry says that the mean population density is a power-law function of the mean body mass. We show, to our knowledge for the first time in any animal community, that the variance of population density is a power-law function of mean body mass, and that the parameters of all three power laws just mentioned are influenced by whether the animals are parasites, free-living parasitized species, or free-living unparasitized species. Lifestyle matters in ecology. How do the lifestyles (free-living unparasitized, free-living parasitized, and parasitic) of animal species affect major ecological power-law relationships? We investigated this question in metazoan communities in lakes of Otago, New Zealand. In 13,752 samples comprising 1,037,058 organisms, we found that species of different lifestyles differed in taxonomic distribution and body mass and were well described by three power laws: a spatial Taylor's law (the spatial variance in population density was a power-law function of the spatial mean population density); density-mass allometry (the spatial mean population density was a power-law function of mean body mass); and variance-mass allometry (the spatial variance in population density was a power-law function of mean body mass). To our knowledge, this constitutes the first empirical confirmation of variance-mass allometry for any animal community. We found that the parameter values of all three relationships differed for species with different lifestyles in the same communities. Taylor's law and density-mass allometry accurately predicted the form and parameter values of variance-mass allometry. We conclude that species of different lifestyles in these metazoan communities obeyed the same major ecological power-law relationships but did so with parameters specific to each lifestyle, probably reflecting differences among lifestyles in population dynamics and spatial distribution.


Extractions of bioactive constituent from the stem bark of Walsura trichostemon Miq. with a polarity sequential extraction and maceration technique with hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol.,respectively. Crude extracts were tested for their Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra strain (Anti-TB) using the Green Fluorescent Protein Microplate Assay (GFPMA) and cytotoxic activity against human mouth carcinoma (KB), human small cell lung cance (NCI-H187) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cancer cell lines, tested using the Resazurin microplate assay (REMA). Crude extract showed inhibitory effect against M. tuberculosis with MIC50 of 50.00 g/ml and showed inhibitory effect against KB, NCI-H187 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 1.3536.38 g/ml.


BACKGROUND
Universal tobacco-prevention program targeting youths usually involve significant adults assumed to be important vehicles of social influences. Commitment not to use tobacco or to quit use as a formal contract between an adolescent and a significant adult, is a preventive model that has not been widely practiced or explored, and even less formally evaluated. In this article we present the rationale and protocol for the evaluation of the Swedish program "Tobacco-free Duo (T-DUO)", a multi-component school-based program the core of which rests on a formal agreement (contract) between an adolescent and an adult. The adolescent's commitment mainly concerns avoiding the onset of any tobacco use while the adult commits to support the adolescent in staying tobacco free, being a role model not using tobacco themselves.

OBJECTIVE
To assess whether: 1. T-DUO is superior to an "education only" program in preventing smoking onset among adolescents and/or promoting cessation among their parents. 2. Exposure to core component (adult-child agreement) entails more positive effects than exposure to other components. 3. To study the impact of the program on the whole school tobacco use. 4. To study potential negative side effects. 5. To analyse school-level factors related to fidelity of the program implementation.

METHODS
A mixed-design approach was developed. First, a cluster randomized controlled trial was designed with schools randomly assigned either to the comprehensive multi-component program or to its educational component only. Primary outcome at the adolescent level was identified as "not having tried tobacco" during the three-year junior high school compulsory grades (12-15 years of age). An intention-to-treat cohort-wise approach, an "as treated" approach complemented with a whole school repeated cross-sectional approach, was devised as analytical methods of the trial data. Second, an observational study was added in order to compare the development of smoking prevalence in the schools participating in the experiment with that of a convenience sample of schools not being part of the experimental study. Diverse secondary outcomes at both adolescent and adult level were also included.

RESULTS
The study was approved by the Regional Ethics Review Board, Umeå (registration nr. 2017/255-31) in 2017. Recruitment of schools started in the fall of 2017 and went on until June 2018. In total 43 schools were recruited to the experimental study and 16 schools were recruited to the observational study. Data collection started in the fall 2018, is ongoing, and planned to be finished in spring 2021.

CONCLUSIONS
Methodological, ethical and practical implications of the evaluation protocol are discussed, especially the advantage of combining several sources of data in order to triangulate the study questions. The results of these studies will help revise the agenda of this as well as of similar programs.

CLINICALTRIAL
Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN52858080 Date: January 4, 2019, retrospectively registered.


This article examines some issues of economic, social and political relations, cultural ties of the ancient Khorezm people The impact of migration on the development of this region is also analyzed


As part of efforts to adopt manufacturing automation in a scattered organizational
structure the Finnish precast concrete industry has initiated the development of a
number of solutions for data exchange.
Guidelines concerning various aspects of using computers in the
design/manufacturing process were defined in a manual which was widely distributed
to involved parties. Standardized neutral file formats for data exchange between
dissimilar computer systems were developed for three kinds of data: 1) drawings, 2)
tables (e.g. bills of materials) and 3) product model -based data. Translator programs
were developed for a number of common CAD-systems as well as a set of software
tools to the users of standardized exchange files and software developers.
The result of these developments have been widely adopted by fabricators,
designers and software developers.


Transparent conductive electrodes are essential in the application of flexible electronics. In this work, we successfully demonstrated a novel strategy for improving mechanical/electrical properties of indium tin oxide (ITO)-free flexible silver nanowire (Ag NW) thin films. To reduce the contact resistance of Ag NWs, an ethanol-mist was used to weld the cross junction of wires at room temperature. The nano-welded Ag NWs (W-Ag NWs) were then coated with an aluminum-doped ZnO (AZO) solution, which significantly reduce the roughness of the Ag NW thin film. Finally, an ultrathin SbO x thin film of 2 nm was deposited on the film surface using a water-free low-temperature atomic layer deposition technique to protect the W-Ag NW/AZO layer from water or oxygen degradation. The treated Ag NWs have a high transmittance of 87% and a low sheet resistance of about 15 Ω/sq, which is comparable with the ITO electrode's property. After 1000 cycles of bending testing, the W-Ag NW/AZO/SbO x film practically retains its initial conductivity. Furthermore, the samples were immersed in a solution with pH values ranging from 3 to 13 for 5 min. When compared to untreated Ag NWs or those coated with AlO x thin films, W-Ag NW/AZO/SbO x had superior electrical stability. The W-Ag NW/AZO/SbO xlayer was integrated as a gate electrode on low-power operating flexible Ti-ZnO thin film transistors (TFTs). The 5% Ti-ZnO TFT has a field-effect mobility of 19.7 cm2 V s−1, an Ion/ Ioff ratio of 107, and a subthreshold swing of 147 mV decade−1.


Neural networks ares an important type of machine learning that have generated significant interest due to their success on difficult problems.. This tutorial will provide an introduction and a high-level overview of artificial neural networks. It will include the biological basis and the inspiration for these methods, and their colorful history.  An explanation of deep learning and deep belief networks, hardware acceleration, and case studies will be used to illustrate how the technology works and the direction in which it is developing.


SUMMARY This edition of Medifile reviews a new drug, strontium ranelate. Protos® (strontium ranelate) is the first dual action bone agent registered for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis to reduce the risk of vertebral and peripheral fractures, including the hip.


Introduction Dynamometric measurement is a low-cost, noninvasive method for diagnosing and evaluating traumatic and degenerative disorders. The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of a new custom-made finger flexor dynamometer and evaluate the feasibility of the measuring procedure. Methods Maximum voluntary isometric contraction force at the distal phalanx of the index finger was measured for 1.5 s in 25 healthy volunteers (18–50 yrs). Test–retest reliability and inter-day reliability were assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient model (2,k) on two and five consecutive days, respectively. Both a single measurement and the mean of three repeated measurements were carried out daily. The standard error of measurement was used to measure the absolute reliability, the smallest detectable change was determined, and the coefficient of variation was calculated for each individual. Construct validity was determined by Pearson coefficient. Results Repeated measurement test–retest reliability was excellent according to Munro's rating scale, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.99 (95%CI: 0.97–0.99), coefficient of variation of 2.6%, and standard error of measurement of 0.4 N. Single measurement test–retest reliability was high to excellent with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.94 (95%CI: 0.86–0.97), coefficient of variation of 4.1%, and standard error of measurement of 1.4 N. Smallest detectable change increased from 1.8 N (repeated measurement) to 3.3 N (single measurement). Inter-day reliability intraclass correlation coefficients exceeded 0.93. High construct validity was indicated by a convergent relationship with grip strength (r = 0.85, p < 0.001). Conclusions The novel dynamometer provides excellent reliability and construct validity and supports an objective diagnosis of finger limitations by quantifying the flexion force magnitude. Traumatic injuries and follow-up of rehabilitative treatment can be monitored more precisely.


There is strong evidence from around the globe that people who are poor and less educated have more health problems and die earlier than those who are richer and more educated, [1][1] and these disparities exist even in wealthy countries like Canada.[2][2] To make an impact on improving health


A profile = (x1, ..., xk), of length k, in a finite connected graph G is a sequence of vertices of G, with repetitions allowed. A median x of is a vertex for which the sum of the distances from x to the vertices in the profile is minimum. The median function finds the set of all medians of a profile. Medians are important in location theory and consensus theory. A median graph is a graph for which every profile of length 3 has a unique median. Median graphs are well studied. They arise in many arenas, and have many applications. We establish a succinct axiomatic characterization of the median procedure on median graphs. This is a simplification of the characterization given by McMorris, Mulder and Roberts [17] in 1998. We show that the median procedure can be characterized on the class of all median graphs with only three simple and intuitively appealing axioms: anonymity, betweenness and consistency. We also extend a key result of the same paper, characterizing the median function for profiles of even length on median graphs.


The purpose of research is to determine the influence of carburized layer initial structural condition on the plastic deformation hardening. Deformation hardening in combination with low temperature tempering is an important technological factor of martensite or martensite-austenite matrix management of carburized layer. The formation of favorable substructure - substructure with high resistance to local microplastic deformation - occurs in the conditions of competitive processes development. The initial structural condition of carburized layer renders the influence on those processes development degree. The initial structural conditions are determined by the termochemical treatment technology. The latter relates to: the carbon saturation of carburized layer; martensite morphology and carbon concentration in it; volume fraction of redundant carbide phase and its distribution through the carburized layer; the presence of retained austenite.


It is noted that managing large projects that entail legal-political difficulties is a formidable task. Success is often dependent on the ability of the project manager to successfully cope with a myriad of complex factors that endanger the successful go-ahead, implementation, and completion of the project effort. To assist project managers in these setting, the author identifies potentially useful strategies for managing these types of projects. The author directed a study, believed to be the largest and most comprehensive investigation, on the subject of project management effectiveness. The author presents the significant variables and factors contributing to project success and failure for the project study. Among other findings, it is concluded that in order to minimize the chances of perceived failure, project managers are well advised to place heavy emphasis on establishing good, effective patterns of coordination and human relations with all the principal stakeholders of a project.<<ETX>>


Abstract Pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE) is most commonly seen in the setting of preterm, low birth weight neonates with lung disease. It exists on a spectrum with pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax and is often a transient phenomenon. This condition has been rarely reported in neonates while only on nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) without mechanical ventilation, but only as a localized presentation. We present a case of a late preterm neonate with diffuse PIE complicated by bilateral pneumothoraces, requiring chest tubes, with congenital thyroid aplasia as well.


New technical developments allow to build improved detectors for medical applications. AX-PET is a project of the European Organization for Nuclear Research CERN with the aim to build detector modules for positron emission tomography (PET) with significantly improved performance. One of the central components of AX-PET modules are Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes (G-APDs) which replace the normally used photomultiplier tubes. The basic properties of G-APDs and a calculation model for the interpretation of measurements which use G-APDs are presented in the first chapter. The second chapter presents experimental methods to measure the parameters for the calculation such as crosstalk and afterpulses. An introduction to PET and the modifications in AX-PET are found in the third chapter. The energy resolution for 511-keV photons was measured at 11.4 % using G-APDs on LYSO crystals. The number of detected optical photons in a G-APD for such an event is 1300. The z-coordinate in the direction of the crystals is determined using wavelength shifting (WLS) strips which absorb a part of the light from the crystal. Again G-APDs are used to measure the light yield of the WLS strips. The number of detected photons is 96. The distribution of the light on the WLS strips is examined. The distribution is approximately Gaussian with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 3.5 mm. The measurements on the precision of the z-axis readout were non-conclusive. Not part of this thesis are measurements which were not completed during the author's time at CERN, in particular concerning the timing properties and shape of G-APD signals. Also omitted are topics which are only remotely connected to G-APDs and AX-PET such as the setup of the VME controller and the programming of a C-library for the communication with Caen V792 modules.


Helical tomotherapy (HT) can achieve a homogenous dose distribution in the planning target volume while minimizing the dose to the organ at risk. Tomotherapy has been used for complex breast cancer radiotherapy including bilateral breast irradiation, pectus excavatum, and internal mammary chain (IMC) nodal irradiation. This report details our experience of using HT in breast cancers in newer clinical indications. Three patients with SCF nodal involvement (case 1), high level III axillary node recurrence (case 2), and composite irradiation of SCF, IMC, and whole breast (case 3) were treated using brachial plexus sparing HT. It was possible to boost the SCF, reirradiate the high level III axillary nodal recurrence and treat complex volume of breast, SCF, and IMC with acceptable and safe dose volume histogram constraints and with good homogeneity and conformity indices. The treatment was successful in controlling disease locoregionally at a 15 months follow-up. No patients reported symptoms suggestive of brachial plexopathy


800x600 The main purpose of this paper is to show how the takt time and flow concepts can act as a lever to introduce lean production into the SME machine tool manufacturing sector; a sector characterized by high variety and low volume. The introduction of a takt time based or paced production system has been supported by the Value Stream Mapping technique. The implementation in a pilot company confirms that the takt time approach can be applied to a significant part of the manufacturing process and it implies an increase of manufacturing efficiency. Regarding manufacturing efficiency, the key outcomes of the project have been an increase in the reliability of lead time, productivity, a simplification of management functions, and the introduction of a continuous improvement culture. Normal 0 21 false false false EU X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */
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Recent experimental results and proposals towards implementation of quantum teleportation are discussed. It is proved that reliable (theoretically, 100% probability of success) teleportation cannot be achieved using the methods applied in recent experiments, i.e., without quantum systems interacting with one another. Teleportation proposals involving atoms and electromagnetic cavities are reviewed and the most feasible methods are described. In particular, the language of nonlocal measurements has been applied; this language has also been used for presenting a method for teleportation of quantum states of systems with continuous variables.


Objective To study the anti tumor effect of p185 oncoprotein as a tumor vaccine. Methods The anti tumor effect in vitro/vivo was studied by using the p185 antigen as a tumor protein vaccine to immunize mice. The splenic lymphocytes from the immunized mice were incubated with p185 tumor antigen for 4 days in vitro, then the supernatant was harvested for detecting the IFN γ activity. The immune splenic lymphocytes in presence of a low dose(10μg/ml)IL 2 containing medium were cultured with p185 antigen for one week and expanded with anti CD3 antibody. The phenotypes of expanded lymphocytes were detected by FACS. The TNF activity secreted by the expanded lymphocyte cells after co incubated with 3T3 neu cells for 4 hours was also tested. 3T3 neu cells with tumorgenicity in nude mice admixed with the expanded lymphocytes (19) in vitro and was then inoculated (s.c.) into nude mice, 3T3 neu cells were inoculated alone or admixed with anti CD3 activated spleen cells (CD3 AK) as control group. Results IFN γ activity in the supernatant was 40.27±9.6U/ml in experimental group(splenocytes from immunized mice), but was undetected in control group (immunized with adjuvant alone). 86.2% expanded lymphocytes were CD3 positive T cells, in which 23% were CD8 positive T cells. The TNF activity was significantly higher in the supernatant from the experimental spleen cells culture than that from control (P0.001). The mean occurrence time of the tumor nodes was 52.5 days in experimental group (among no tumor occurs in 5/6 animals within more than 60 days after inoculation) and 12.5 days or 9.2 days in both control group respectively. The mean survival time of the tumor bearing nude mice was significantly extended in experimented group (55.3 days) than in control group (27.8 days and 25.6 days) respectively. Conclusion These findings indicated that the p185 specific T cells may have an ability to inhibit the 3T3 neu tumor growth in vivo.


Hungarian scientists were among the pioneers in Europe as the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) was isolated in 1952.1 However, most of their observations were published in the Hungarian language, and therefore cannot easily be accessed by the international medical community. Here the relevant Hungarian data are summarized.


The reaction of gold(III) chloride and 4,4′-bipyridine yields the compound (C10H8N2)[AuCl3]2, which is converted to the ionic title compound (C10H10N2)[AuCl4]Cl upon recrystallization from DMSO. The AuIII ion in the tetrachloroaurate anion exhibits a square-planar geometry; this anion is linked to the bipyridinium cation by an N—H⋯·Cl hydrogen bond to form chains which extend parallel to the b axis. The bipyridinium cation exhibits 2 symmetry, whereas the tetrachloroaurate anion shows 2/m symmetry, and the chloride anion is located on a position with 222 symmetry.


Gasification is a well-known reaction owing to its relevance to generation of sustainable energy from biomass. The present paper attempts to experimentally investigate the kinetics of coal char (CC) and biomass char (BC) gasification using carbon dioxide (CO2) in a controlled environment using Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer (TGA) at different temperature. The random pore model (RPM) and a modified random pore model (MRPM) proposed in this paper were used to investigate gasification kinetics of CC and BC. It was clarified that gasification reactivity of BC is superior to that of CC and gasification reactivity of both chars were improved with increase of temperature, while the influence of temperature on biomass char gasification reactivity is more obvious. Kinetic analysis showed that, since the CC particles were approximately spherical in the shape, the RPM model and the MRPM model could both be used to characterize its gasification process, but flake-like BC gasification process could only be explained by the MRPM. The activation energy for CC and BC using the MRPM are 194.3kJ/mol and 123.3kJ/mol, respectively.


The microstructure of sputter‐deposited granular FexAg100−x thin films (0<x<60) has been investigated by using a high resolution transmission electron microscope. For x≤14 at. % Fe, two kinds of morphological regions exist, i.e., the crystallized and the highly disordered. As the x changes within 20–36 at. % Fe, small clusters with sizes around 1 nm are formed in the films. Further increase of x leads to the crystal grain fining and crystal frustration. The observed microstructural evolution in the films with the increase of Fe content can be correlated with the evolution of giant magnetoresistance at 4.2 K in the Fe‐Ag films: a linear relationship of the magnetoresistance ratio, Δρ/ρ, with H for x≤20 at. %, the saturation trend and the decrease of Δρ/ρ for x≥36 at. % Fe.


The torque of the tested motor is proportional to the deflection angle of the torque motor which can be acquired by the demodulation of the resolver in the torque testing system.According to the characteristics by the half cycle changes of the deflection angle deflection,the angle of the resolver is demodulated through the trigonometric transformation and digital filter.The paper introduces the demodulation design of resolver and Matlab simulation in details,and the simulation results prove the feasibility of the design.


This study addresses the crew-scheduling problems for railway drivers' duty trips on a railway timetable represented as a time–space diagram. Based on the diagram, the railway driver-scheduling problem is then transformed into an arc routing problem (ARP). Because of the special properties and features of the problem, the ARP can be treated as a typical vehicle node routing problem. The Ant Colony Optimization algorithm is employed to solve the transformed problem. Real data from the Taiwan Railways Administration are used to test the proposed models and algorithm. The results showed that the dead-heading-allowed approach is able to obtain a better solution in terms of fewer drivers and shorter idle time.


The effects of vibrational relaxation and recombination of high-temperature nitrogen and air were investigated in a hypersonic shock tunnel at high flow Mach numbers. The equilibrium temperature and pressure ranges after the reflected shock wave were 1400° to 7000 °K and 100 to 500 psia. Static pressure measurements were made along the axis of the nozzle to determine the freezing of the vibrational mode during the expansion process. Vibrational relaxation times for nitrogen obtained from shock-tube experiments were used to calculate the relaxation length. Once the nitrogen vibrational mode freezes in the expansion region, there is very little exchange of the vibrational energy into the translational and rotational energies, and the static pressures are significantly lower than those calculated for an equilibrium expansion. The nonequilibrium effects for nitrogen are much less than those for air, and the large difference is caused mainly by the presence of oxygen. With air, the reservoir pressure has a large influence upon the departure from equilibrium expansion.


The purpose of this study is to describe type, structure and function of onomatopeia in Indonesian children's songs. Type of this study is qualitative study and explain the result study according to descriptive. Results of the analysis showed that in Indonesian children's songs there are three types of onomatopeia that is (1) type of onomatopeia that imitate the sound of the object, (2) type of onomatopeia that imitate the sound of the animal, and (3) type of onomatopeia that imitate the human's feeling. Structure of onomatopeia in Indonesian children's songs classification based on syllables that is (1) monosyllables, (2) bisyllables, and (3) multisyllables. Function of onomatopeia in Indonesian children's songs there are three function that is (1) function of onomatopeia showed that imitate the sound of the object, (2) function of onomatopeia showed that imitate the sound of the animal, and (3) function of onomatopeia to give effect for listener songs.


The majority of Russians believe that counterfeit alcohol may cause death. Nevertheless, alcohol is a common target of counterfeiting in contemporary Russia as are branded clothes, accessories and audio products. This paper aims to reveal whether counterfeit alcohol consumers are distinctive in terms of structure and culture. It investigates the prevalence and structure of counterfeit alcohol purchasing and consumption; attitudes and beliefs about counterfeit alcohol; and predictors of counterfeit alcohol consumption. The research is based on the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS-HSE), an annual nationwide panel survey designed to monitor the health and economic welfare of households and individuals in the Russian Federation. The research findings demonstrate that cultural and structural factors contribute a lot to the consumption of counterfeit alcohol. Counterfeit alcohol consumption is associated with hazardous alcohol drinkers and homemade alcohol drinkers who tend to ignore trademarks and the taste of alcoholic beverages. Blur counterfeiting is a characteristic of hazardous alcohol drinkers and vodka-lovers who are inclined to be price sensitive and to ignore brands. Social networks play a significant role in consumption of counterfeit alcohol. Counterfeit alcohol consumers are highly likely to represent lower classes.


Bacterial transport is a key process in delivery of microbes to contaminated sites for bioremediation of chemicals. However, relatively little is known about the geochemical and hydrologic factors controlling the mobility of bacteria and viruses within subsurface systems. Laboratory-scale column studies have provided useful information (Harvey et al, 1989, 1993). However, successful application to in situ remediation will require that one identify and understand properties relevant to transport in aquifers. Only through field experiments can one evaluate the scales of physical and chemical heterogeneity in natural aquifers that affect the transport of microbiota in ways not predicted from experiments conducted at the laboratory-scale. Bacterial transport field experiments cannot be replicated as can column experiments. Rigorous testing of experimental hypotheses will require comparisons of the mobility of multiple strains with contrasting transport properties under identical field conditions. Consequently, a technique is needed to permit the transport of multiple strains of bacteria to be monitored simultaneously in a single field experiment. Molecular techniques can also detect very low levels of injected bacteria. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been used successfully for the detection of microorganisms. This paper explores the use of PCR for identifying and enumerating the arrival of several individual strains of bacteria at monitoring wells downgradient of an experimental tracer injection well.


Purpose Aging has become a significant problem in the recent years, due to the aging baby boomers. Most of the supervision systems use vision to perform care functions. However people usually cannot watch video all the time, therefore the proposed sonification for aging Taiwanese is used to express a particular situation at the children or nursing home, including both acoustic instrumental sound for the eventtriggered actions, and algorithmic composition to represent various environment situations. The nursing system can easily retrieve their seniors' situation anytime according to the transmitted audio signal and music via a network. Method The proposed Chinese music sonification system (CMSS) for older people can be implemented into two sections. Section 1: Eventtriggered sound is designed using Chinese instrumental audio samples performed by pipa, erhu, etc. Event-triggered sound is based on the input of various actions of aging people, such as watering, exercising, toileting, dining, sleeping, etc. Section 2: Computer-composed music, is designed using automated stochastic process of MIDI-data with various moods and situations mapped into music features, including musical scale, harmony, tonality, and rhythm. There are five Chinese music modes used for the musical scale. Among them Gong, Jiao, and Jiao are closer to the major mode in western music, while Shang and Yu are similar to the minor mode, therefore positive emotions will be mapped into a major-mode music, and the negative emotions will be correlated to a minor-mode music. Results & Discussion CMSS is based on the hybrid event-triggered sound and computer composed music. Event-triggered sound is the pre-recorded discrete audio samples, while computer composed music is the calculated continuous MIDIrendered audio in real-time. A questionnaire is designed for the seniors to listen to the result of the CMSS, and most of them are satisfied with this innovated design. Action data is used for computer composed music calculation via CCD, RF ID, or any other wireless technology, and environment data is determined by sensors such as bio-feedback, temperature, etc., providing data for event-triggered sound. CMSS are implemented with computer music software Max/MSP, to perform CMSS for the seniors living in Taiwan.


Availability of a validated, realistic fuel cost model is a prerequisite to the development and validation of new optimization methods and control tools. This paper uses an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model with historical fuel cost data in development of a three-step-ahead fuel cost distribution prediction. First, the data features of Form EIA-923 are explored and the natural gas fuel costs of Texas generating facilities are used to develop and validate the forecasting algorithm for the Texas example. Furthermore, the spot price associated with the natural gas hub in Texas is utilized to enhance the fuel cost prediction. The forecasted data is fit to a normal distribution and the Kullback-Leibler divergence is employed to evaluate the difference between the real fuel cost distributions and the estimated distributions. The comparative evaluation suggests the proposed forecasting algorithm is effective in general and is worth pursuing further.


In an American state which had just passed a Right-to-Work (RTW) law, the authors were asked to survey members of a union to help it determine strategies for member retention. We examined intent to...


Ginseng bugis leaf (Talinum paniculatum Gaertn.) contains flavonoids which are potential as antibacterial compounds. The aims of the research are to obtain the antibacterial activity of ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts from ginseng bugis leaves against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. This study used ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts divided in 8 concentration series, namely 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 8%, 16%, and 32%. Testing antibacterial activity using the agar diffusion. The results of the screening test showed that ethanol extract and ethyl acetate of ginseng bugis leaf have inhibitory concentration at 0.5% against the test bacteria. The results of testing the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract and ethyl acetate have MIC value at a concentration of 2% and MBC value at a concentration of 8%.


The structural and the magnetic properties of polycrystalline La/sub 1-x/Sr/sub x/CoO/sub 3/ (LSCO) have been studied experimentally. The single LSCO phase in all the prepared samples were confirmed by the X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. From the temperature dependence of inverse magnetic susceptibility, the Curie temperatures are found to be 147 K, 217 K, and 232 K for x=0.15,0.25, and 0.3, respectively. However, zero-field-cooled magnetization measurement reveals a spin-glass-like behavior for x=0.15. A neutron-diffraction study does not reveal the existence of an antiferromagnetic phase at low temperatures. It is thought that a more advanced magnetic model is required to elucidate the spin-glass behavior at low Sr concentrations.


This study presents the descriptive study regarding the sale of Bulk Vended Milk among the consumers and non-consumers of Mother Dairy. The main aim of this study is to know the reasons about low sale of Bulk Vended Milk in East Delhi. The central focus of this study is to find out the consumer perception towards Bulk Vended Milk and study the purchasing pattern of Mother Dairy consumers. The purpose of this paper is to assess the milk market and to understand the position of Mother Dairy in comparison to other brands. The study was carried out among consumers and non-consumers of Mother Dairy products to ascertain the consumer behaviour with regards to the Bulk Vended Milk across the East Delhi Region.


In this paper we present a generalization of the famous Dirac ladder formalism for the Schrödinger harmonic oscillator equation. Whereas the classical one-dimensional harmonic oscillator acts on functions of a real continuous variable, our generalization works within the framework of Pontryagin dual groups, the discrete group hℤ and the circle group h − 1𝕊 (𝕊 unit circle). We will define so-called Hermite–Kravchuk operators that constitute a close connection between the heat and harmonic oscillator equation that is invisible in the real continuous case. This generalization is not only the result of a crude discretization or perturbation process. Since this theory preserves and expands the beautiful algebraic background, one can speak of a structural discretization or "periodization". We hope that this theory will also serve as a model for physical phenomena.


on depression. By taking the best from each, a woven fabric may be created in which the predisposition, the symptoms, the mediation, the precipitating incidents, and the signs may be understandable. Most important of all, depression can now be effectively treated. In the same way, an integrated approach can also be designed for most of the mental disorders, with considerably better therapeutic results than a uni-model treatment approach.


Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between individuals' discursive practices and organizational-level strategic change with respect to sustainability strategy. Design/methodology/approach - The approach taken integrates Hart's natural-resource-based view of the firm with discourse theory. Findings - A conceptual model of the relationship between discursive practices and strategic change is proposed. Research limitations/implications - The paper's model serves as a foundation on which future empirical research on the effectiveness of specific discursive practices can be conducted. Originality/value - Much of strategy research is notable for the absence of discussion of human actors and actions. The paper helps to fill this gap, contributing to existing scholarship by examining the micro-foundations of sustainability strategy through the fundamental role of individuals' discursive practices.


This article aims to study the application of Buddhist method in conducting home school. The course focuses in allowing project managers or parents to prepare readiness to their learners or children, together with the learning management according to the learner's skills, as well as the ability in using based upon self-potential for the completed human values development. The learners shall be qualified as a good person in both well-practice and proper expression in terms of physical skills, social skills, mental - moral skills and Intelligence. The basic idea is derived from the modification of original learning methods which is self-knowledge-centered instead of text-book-centered. The said process consists of principles and methods based on the threefold training (sikkha) . The goal of homeschool is to harmonize the process of family teaching management with the learner's nature leading to individual as well as social happiness.


This study aims to examine the concept of wong cilik's nationalism as the ideology of the Indonesian Democratic Party Struggle (PDIP). The question to be proposed is what does wong cilik's nationalism which literally mean the nationalism of the common people mean? To answer this question, I conducted interview with the members of the party in Central Java provincial level. In addition, I also did archival and documentary studies. This study found that the nationalism of wong cilik as an ideology refers to an idea that the party should serve the most under privileged segment of the society as its main constituent. Wong cilik is then seen as the basic building of nationalism of an ideology. All of the members of the PDIP share comradeship and brotherhood by imagining themselves as sharing the same destiny as underprivileged people. This idea is then implemented in the programs and activities of the political party when approaching the members at the grass roots level. The approach manifests both in providing help in term of financial supports as well cultural approach.