Splenocyte glycoproteins solubilized by papain were purified on lectyl-lectin Sepharose 4B. Glycoproteins eluted from lectin were spin-labeled at carbohydrates. Quantitative evaluation of ESR spectra of spin-labeled glycoproteins pointed to strong restriction of reorientation of the spin label bound to oligosaccharides. Calculated correlation time of relaxing volume tagged with the spin label was equal to the molecular weight about 6000-7000 dalton. This value suggests the existence of flexibility of the glycoproteins studied.


In order to study the influence of the frequency difference of extremely-low-frequency high voltage pulsed electric fields(ELF-HV-PEF) on treating crop seed's germination, we treated germinating corn seeds with ELF-HV-PEF of 100 kV/m, 80 ms pulse width, and 0.2~15 Hz pulse frequency. According to the figuration index and fresh mass of the seeds, the ELF-HV-PEF treatment significantly promotes the germination of corn seeds, which is obviously better than control group in aspects of germinal length, root length and seed fresh mass, and among the applied ELF-HV-PEFs, the two with pulse frequency of 0.2 Hz and 1 Hz are the most effective. Moreover, the increase of pulse frequency gradually weakens the effect of pulsed electric field on the fresh mass of germinating corn seeds, verifying that the frequency difference between ELF-HV-PEFs' treatment affects corn seed germination. Through measuring and analyzing the spontaneous luminescence and the delayed luminescence induced by outside light, we also found the frequency difference between the response of spontaneous luminescence and delayed luminescence in germinating corn seeds to ELF-HV-PEF, and the most significant effect appeared at 0.2 Hz and 1 Hz. It is indicated that ELF-HV-PEFs of different frequencies have different effects on the DNA synthesis reactions and cell metabolism in germinating corn seeds due to the coupled resonance between pulsed electric field and the cell electric field in corn seeds.


In February 1998, the Wellcome Trust's History of Twentieth Century Medicine Group held a Witness Seminar in London on `Haemophilia: recent history of clinical management', organized by Professor Christine Lee and Dr Tilli Tansey. As a preliminary to the meeting, which will be published, Dr Rosemary Biggs was interviewed in her Oxfordshire home by Professor Lee and Dr Charles Rizza. This is a condensed version of that interview, edited by Tilli Tansey.


Abstract The late Carlos Gorostiza, playwright, novelist and former Argentine Secretary of Culture, is most well-known for his dramatic works, and scarce attention has been given to his 1988 creative non-fiction novel El basural (The Garbage Dump). Nonetheless, this text, which centres on a public dispute over the existence of a dump in a Buenos Aires neighbourhood, accurately mirrors the socio-political divisions which permeated Argentine society for much of the twentieth century. I argue that the two sides of the conflict—the waste-pickers who inhabit the dump and depend on it for their survival, and their contemptible middle-class neighbors—represent conflicting groups in twentieth-century Argentine society: respectively, the working class and the middle-class medio pelo. By chronologically linking the plot and the publication of the novel to key political and social developments in Argentine history, I demonstrate its relevance, highlighting the author's criticism of the medio pelo, the segment of the middle-class which simulates an upper-class existence.


The turbofan engine is an important part of the aircraft. If the equipment life cycle can be accurately predicted, it can not only bring huge benefits to the airline company, but also reduce the safety accidents caused by turbofan engine failure. In the field of life cycle prediction, long-short-term Memory (LSTM) network is particularly favored by the field of prediction maintenance because of its ability to learn from sequences. It can use time series data for a longer time review, so it is suitable for device life prediction using time series data. In this paper, the c-MAPSS data set of rotary motor is taken as the research object, and its life prediction model is studied based on LSTM. In this paper, principal component analysis algorithm and SNM optimization algorithm are used to optimize experimental data and extract features, and the traversal parameters of LSTM model are optimized. Finally, the cross-validation method is used to learn and integrate the data model. The experimental results show that compared with the original algorithm model, the integrated model can improve the precision and recall rate of the model by optimizing the original data, reducing the data dimension and duplicate data, and reducing the operation complexity.


Social media (SoMe) is being increasingly integrated into higher education. Twitter©, a SoMe platform, is readily accessible, easily searchable and globally available. The twitter platform @AskAnatomist is a global tweet‐chat run weekly, where participants are invited to discuss the anatomy discipline (using the searchable hashtag #AnatQ). Due to the global stakeholder access of the twitter handle, the authors undertook a study identifying themes arising during the formative stages of the @AskAnatomist tweet chats in an effort to better understand potential concerns, issues, and ideas within the anatomy discipline.


A traffic event duration forecast method is presented.Hundreds of real urban expressway traffic event samples are first clustered to discretize the continuous event duration.A decision tree generation algorithm based on impure measurement is established to form the prediction model.The prediction model is verified by significance test using ANOVA on the model generation samples and compared the predicted result with the model test samples.The result shows the effectiveness of the introduced method.


A simple, nonfluid, and direct adhesion method was developed to adhere cured rubber/rubber via grafting of a molecular layer of a triazine-based silane coupling agent without any pretreatment. During peroxide curing, oxide functional groups that can react with silanol groups were automatically fabricated on the surface of acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber (NBR) during primary processing at different curing temperatures. After the molecular layer was grafted onto the cured rubber surface, nonfluid adhesion between the cured NBR surfaces was induced. An NBR/NBR joined body was obtained and exhibited high adhesion strength with cohesive failure. The presented method is rapid, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly and can resolve the persistent problems of spew, extra adhesive, and rugose interface in the "fluid adhesion" of adhesive adhesion and vulcanization bonding processes. In addition, this method does not require secondary processing for inducing the formation of functional groups and should, therefor...


Prior work has shown reduced serotonin transmission to be associated with impulsivity and behavioral problems. The current study assessed the association between ADHD and two variants of the serotonin transporter gene: the 44‐bp deletion/insertion polymorphism (5‐HTTLPR) and the 17 bp‐repeat polymorphism in intron 2 (STin2.VNTR). We hypothesized that ADHD phenotypes associated with impulsivity would show an association with these variants. Two‐hundred and ninety‐three ADHD trios were genotyped and analyzed using transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) analysis and haplotype analysis. We found no association between the STin2.VNTR and ADHD, but did find preferential transmission of the S allele of the 5‐HTTLPR polymorphism (χ2 = 5.751, P = 0.016) to probands with ADHD. Haplotype analysis found the L/10 haplotype was over‐transmitted (χ2 = 6.172, P = 0.013), while L/12 was under‐transmitted to probands with ADHD (χ2 = 4.866, P = 0.027). © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The reactive character of informal finance can provide an adequate explanation of the majority typical facts in Wenzhou's informal financial market.The fact that Wenzhou's informal financial market is featured by reactiveness is supported by related Granger causality test and impulse response analysis.Empirical analyses state that credit expansion to small and medium enterprises made by formal financial market has a significant impact on the short-term trend of capital price of informal financial market.But the co-integration analysis shows that there doesn't exist a long-term balance relation between interest rate of informal financial market and the credit level of SMEs, so Wenzhou's informal financial market should be understood based an integrated analytical framework.Under this framework,reactiveness and autonomy of informal financial market should be mutually supplemented to provide an explanation of the booming informal financial market.


Background: Proximal humerus fractures occur in children of all ages, from newborn babies to teenagers, accounting for about 2% of all childhood fractures, with the highest occurrence among the ages of 11 and 15. Aim of the work: To review and evaluate the outcomes of operative procedure of surgical neck-humerus fractures in children and adolescents using closed reductions and percutaneous pinning. Patients and methods: 20 sufferers enrolled with Proximal Humeral Fracture Displaced in the Orthopedic Surgery Department of the AL Hussein Hospital of the Al-Azhar University Medical Faculty from January 2018 to September 2019 were involved in the current research. Closed reductions and percutaneous Kirscher wires (K-wires) have been used to treat the patients surgically. Ten patients treated with threaded K-wires and other patients with unthreaded K-wires. All patients were examined in the outpatient department using postoperative x-rays to assess healing time and the postoperative range of motion. Results: Regarding complications, group A, 10 (100.0%) of the patients had no complications. Group B 8 (80.0%) of the patients had no complications, 2 (20.0%) of the patients showed a pin-site infection and no malunion was found. Regarding the healing time, 4 (40.0%) of the patients healed in the 1st month and 6 (60.0) of the patients in the 2nd month in both groups. Conclusion: Proximal humeral fractures may be managed using percutaneous pinning, which provides effective reduction and adequate temporary stabilization. This treatment modality was not correlated with any significant complications, like deep infection, avascular necrosis, or neurovascular deficiency.


We report the first observation of the dark blue nonlinear Cerenkov radiation by SHG in an octagonal QPPLN. Experimentally, diffraction patterns are observed, and the measured diffraction angles agree well with the theoretical results.


The paper presents research findings on how effective use of edutainment content can increase learner response. It aims to showcase how learning/instructional material can be made more enticing and conducive for Z-Generation learners in academia. The paper looks at different tools (commercial and free) that can be utilized to create edutainment content and facilitate more creative and effective learning. It also explores the beneficial implications of edutainment from enhancing learner perception and engagement to learner responsiveness and knowledge retention. To measure the effects of edutainment a test case was selected in which students of selected courses were required to complete a weekly survey on their workload for an entire semester. An animated video objectively designed with edutainment at mind was used to deliver instructions on the purpose and importance of completing the survey and made available to students of a particular targeted course. Subsequently, response rate from students was by far the highest for the targeted course who received their instructions through the animated edutainment video when compared to all the other courses for all fourteen weeks of the survey.


Aqueous synthetic organ extracts are disclosed that have at least the same activity spectrum as a corresponding natural extract, as well as their use for preparing cosmetic and medicinal compositions.


Using a chiral 1,4-dihydronicotinamide derivative, N-α-methylbenzyl-1-propyl-2,4-dimethyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide (Me2PNPH), we have studied the reduction of various α-keto esters that have a chiral center in the acid-moiety. All of the four possible diastereomers of the corresponding α-hydroxy esters were afforded. A detailed investigation into the diastereomeric composition of the product has revealed that the molecular arrangement and the conformations of the substrate at the transition state of the reduction are controlled by the polarity and/or the polarizability of the substituents. The 2R,3R-isomer is the most predominant product when 4R,9R-Me2PNPH is employed as the reductant.


To function improve from the Bendosari park value, aesthetic and social function evaluation must be conducted. This study aims to evaluate the landscape characteristics of Bendosari Park based on aspects of the aesthetic and social function. The research was conducted in Bendosari Park on Ring Road of Salatiga City, Central Java Province, Indonesia from June until August 2017. Evaluation of the aesthetic and social function used close questionnaire method toward 30 respondents with respondents criteria of aged over 12 years and analyzed using KPI (Key Performance Indicator) method to find out how far the two aspects (the aesthetic and social) are reached. The study indicates that Bendosari Park has fulfilled the social and aesthetic functions of the park which indicated by the value of KPI analysis greater than 0.67.


E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com March 17, 2014, Accepted July 31, 2014The reaction mechanism of Lead ions catalyzing complexation reactions between TIPP and metal ions wasinvestigated by researching the kinetics of the formation of metalloporphyrins by UV/Vis-spectra, and verifiedby exploring the formation of metalloporphyrins catalyzed by acetic acid. Kinetics studies suggested that thefluctuations of reaction rate indicated the formation of metalloporphyrin was step-wise, including the pre-equilibrium step (the coordination of the pyrrolenine nitrogens to M


Objective: To investigate the effects of levocarnitine on nutrition,microinflammation and oxidative stress status in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD) patients.Methods: Sixty-two MHD patients were selected,who had undergone hemodia-lysis for at least three months before the study and were in a stable clinic status without signs of infection or disease.One gram of levocarnitine was infused to the patients at the end of each dialysis treatment for six months.The parameters of microbiology,nutrition,inflammation and oxidative stress were studied.Results: After treatment with levocarnitine for six months,the average levels of dry body weight and mid-arm muscle circumference(MAMC) increased(P0.05),while the score of modified subjective global assessment(SGA) decreased markedly(P0.01).The average serum levels of albumin(P0.05),pre-albumin and hemoglobin(P0.01) were elevated after the treatment.The average serum levels of C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin 6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),the average plasma levels of malondialdehyde(MDA) and total homocysteine(tHcy) were significantly lower than those of baseline(P0.01) while the average plasma level of glutathione peroxidase(GSHPx) was elevated markedly(P0.01).Kt/V was kept stable,but protein catabolic rate(PCR) rose significantly(P0.01).Difference was not significant between serum lipid parameters before and after the treatment.Conclusion: Intravenous supplement with levocarnitine in MHD patients appears to be associated with an improvement of nutrition,microinflammation and oxidative stress status.


Porous materials are widely studied for their special structure and properties.Some researchers also investigate the tribological properties of porous materials for different purposes in the world.But the mechanisms of tribological properties of porous materials are still at preliminary stage.The tribological researches of porous cera-mics,metal and polymer materials are reviewed,respectively.The problems existing in the tribological researches are pointed out,and the development prospect of the porous material is exhibited.


Soowár is an Hungarian Word (which signifies in German Salt-burg) composed of So, which is to say salt, and Wa, which signifieth Burgh or Town.


1. Why don't the buggers love languages? 2. Speaking 3. Listening 4. Reading 5. Writing 6. Teaching and learning styles 7. The teaching and learning environment 8. Looking to the future.


Journal of Military and Veterans' Health the duration of their service than NSM of the same age who are not in service� Alternatively, military life places physical burdens on soldiers that would be more wearing the longer the exposure, although they may have greater access to medical and health services than their non-military peers� The implications of these competing hypotheses are yet to be tested�


In this contribution the frequency domain design of reduced order H<inf>∞</inf>, filters of order n-κ is investigated for nth order discrete time systems with m measurements of which κ are undisturbed. Starting from the known time domain results, the polynomial matrices parameterizing reduced order a priori and a posteriori H<inf>∞</inf> filters are derived. A simple example demonstrates the proposed design procedure.


Aim of this paper is to provide a scientific methodology for rigging and fittings optimisation: in particular the interest has been focused in evaluating deck equipment behaviour with particular attention to winches system efficiency. This allows fittings and rigging designers to perform a design optimisation of such boat components. Using the proposed methodology it is also possible to define the "crew engine mechanical characteristics": in particular it is shown how is possible to define the characteristic curves in terms of power and torque developed by grinders during tack manoeuvres. New sensors based on radio data transmission technique have been developed in order to perform loads measurements in moving parts of rigging equipment and an innovative transducer equipped with an onboard analog to digital converter has been designed in order to provide loads measure available to standard NMEA 183 bus. Some results are presented and discussed. INTRODUCTION Loads evaluation of rigging equipment in a sailing yacht represents a very important task for boat designers; in fact performance and safety of a sailing yacht depend in a very sensitive way on the dimensioning of the mast and rigging system [4]. Lots of difficulties arise especially due to the dynamic actions (i.e. wind turbulence, wake effects, waves induced motions) acting on the boat in realistic operating conditions. For the most part the theoretical prediction of this response is not feasible and full-size investigation using experimental techniques represent a suitable and attractive approach to accomplish a reliable evaluation of actual forces. In a previous paper [1] a complete procedure developed by the authors, which provides a rapid and low cost method for load evaluation in each rigging element like stays in the fore and aft direction, shrouds in the athwartship, sheets, halyards, and running back stays, was pointed out. In broad terms the method is based on the idea to transform each of the various components in a dynamometer able to measure the force applied to it; in particular this can be accomplished by means of strain gages placed in an appropriate way. Different situations must be taken into account depending on whether fixed or moving parts of the rigging are considered: with reference to standing rigging, i.e. fore stays and shrouds in the athwartship, strain gages can be applied directly to the relevant screw or to the terminal clevis pins such as those developed by the authors and described in [1]. Beside the fixed rigging components, running rigging play a very important role in order to evaluate external loads affecting a sailing yacht under operating conditions. Essentially this running rigging in a modern sailing yacht are mainsail and foresail sheets, halyards, and, especially for racing yachts, running back stays. Lots of difficulties arise trying to place strain gages directly to these elements due to the fact they are not fixed; on the other hand all of these rigging elements are generally handled by means of a winch. So the basic idea has been to investigate if an ordinary winch could be used as a dynamometric balance itself. Different tests have been performed at the Department of Mechanical Engineering of the Politecnico di Milano with the support of Harken Italy S.p.A [2]. Aim of these activities was the development of a conventional winch able to measure the tensile force acting in the sheet, using strain gages methodology. Due to the complexity of the winch structure design, that leads to statically indeterminable system, several tests have been performed in order to approach this problem and to understand how to obtain a linear relationship between applied load in the sheet and strain measurement output. Tests performed have shown that placing strain gages on the winch housing allows to obtain good results from both sensitivity and linearity point of view. Moreover, the relationship between sheet tensile force and Wheatstone bridge circuit output is independent from the sheet angle and from the winch mounting procedures. Using a simple calibration procedure an explicit relationship between tensile force in the hauled rope and Wheatstone bridge unbalance can be obtained [1].


We presented two cases of a high-riding dislocation of the hip who were treated by joint replacement using Biarticular Hip Prosthesis and reviewed them. Those were combined with bone grafting acetabuloplasty.The satisfactory results were obtained. The pull-down of the femoral head by 4cm did not cause disturbance of the nerves and vessels.


Curated film screening at Jai + Jai Gallery, Los Angeles. The first public screening of a collaborative video work Scaling Copan with Julia Kouneski.


Solar energy is an ample renewable energy resource, with photovoltaic (PV) technology enabling a direct route from light to electricity. Currently, PVs are limited in photon conversion efficiency, due in...


Summary: We studied the cationic ring-opening polymerization of 2-phenyl-2-oxazoline under microwave irradiation. A comparison with thermal heating shows a great enhancement in the reaction rates while the living character of the polymerization is conserved. The polymerizations were performed at the temperature of boiling butyronitrile (123 °C). The polymerization of 2-phenyl-2-oxazoline under microwave conditions, described herein for the first time, is shown to be a rapid and environmentally friendly alternative to the classical methods.

Schematic of the activation of the reactive site by microwave irradiation.


In this paper, a simple and effective model for real-time high-frequency impedance monitoring of human body through magnetic coupling is proposed. The human body is considered as a parallel-connected  $RC$  network representing the conductivity and the permittivity of the human body. The real-time monitoring system consists of a single layer air-core inductor as a sensor, a sine wave generator, and a high-frequency current transducer. The technique provides an easy and straightforward method to determine the parameters of the skin at high frequencies in contrast with the existing measurement methods. In addition, the method does not require applying current to the skin directly; hence, it does not cause any damage to the skin for excessive usage. Therefore, it is more suitable for the applications that require continuous skin impedance monitoring. The method is tested for five different individuals; the results are in good agreement with the impedance behavior of the previously conducted researches. The proposed system has a great potential to determine the real-time high-frequency parameters of the human body.


We report on experimental and numerical studies aimed at developing an improved paradigm for modeling avian flights at moderate Reynolds numbers. A series of experiments were performed to characterize the behaviors of aerodynamic forces and moment associated with a quasi-steady rectangular wing over a range of incidence angles, {\alpha}. We demonstrate that, while the drag coefficient curve, CD({\alpha}), can be accurately modeled solely by a simple trigonometric function, the evolution of lift coefficient curve, CL({\alpha}), is governed by the sum of trigonometric and exponential functions, where the latter captures the linear variation in lift coefficient within the small-angle regime, as predicted by the linear inviscid theory. In addition, we establish an empirical relation between the location of the center of pressure and the incidence angle, which can be used in conjunction with the proposed aerodynamic formulas (i.e. CL and CD) to evaluate the pitching moment coefficient, CM ({\alpha}), about any arbitrary axis. These quasi-steady formulations are then utilized to simulate forward flight of a model that possesses dynamical characteristics of a pigeon across various flight speeds, and the results are compared against previously-reported experimental data on pigeons. We successfully demonstrate that the proposed formulas yield accurate predictions of the wing-beat frequency, at least over a range of Reynolds numbers spanning from approximately 70,000 to 150,000.


The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of salt stress using four different concentrations of sodium chloride (0, 40, 20, 60) mmol. L-1 and four different concentrations of the growth regulators putrescine and melatonin (0, PUT 0.2, MEL 0.2, MEL 0.4) mmol. L-1 and their overlap in some chemical markers of a green bean plant. The experiment was carried out using the complete random design (CRD) as a factorial experiment with two factors and ten repetitions. The results showed that the effect of salt stress led to a significant decrease in most of the chemical traits as it resulted in a concentration of 60 mmol. L-1 led to a decrease in the percentage of nutrients, Nitrogen Potassium, and a significant increase in sodium percentage in shoots compared to the control treatment (no growth regulator was added). While the percentage of phosphorous in the shoots was decreased by a concentration of 40 mmol. L-1 compared to a concentration of 20 mmol. L-1 which gave the highest percentage. The results showed that the addition of melatonin led to a significant increase in most of the studied traits when using concentrations 0.2 and 0.4 mmol. L-1, in the percentage of nutrients nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium content in shoots, compared with the cultures grown under the influence of putrescin at a concentration of 0.2 mmol. L-1, which gave the lowest rate. As it gave the interaction treatment without adding sodium chloride with melatonin at a concentration of 0.4 mmol. L-1 had the highest percentage of nitrogen in the shoots. The treatment gave 20 mmol. L-1 NaCl with melatonin at a concentration of 0.4 mmol. L-1 had the highest percentage of phosphorus in the shoots. While the concentration was recorded at 60 mmol. L-1 NaCl with 0.4 mmol Melatonin. L-1 has the highest level of sodium content.


Objective To study the differences of hemodynamics between interposed abdominal compression(IAC)-CPR with different frequency and standard-CPR.Methods Twelve healthy and mongrel canines were randomly resuscitated for 5 minutes by four methods including S-CPR,80IAC-CPR,100IAC-CPR,120IAC-CPR.The model of ventricular fibrillation was induced by electric shock in vitro.Using 6F pigtail catheter and pressure transducer,the center vein pressure(CVP),the diastolic and systolic pressure in the ascending aorta,the diastolic and systolic press-ure in the carotid were measured,and the coronary perfusion pressure(CPP),the mean aorta pressure(MAP),the mean carotid artery pressure(MCAP)were calculated by formula.Results The MAP,MCAP,and CVP in 100IAC-CPR group were higher than those in the other three groups(P0.05).The CPP in 100IAC-CPR was similar to that in 120IAC-CPR group(P0.05),but was higher than that in the other two groups(P0.05).Conclusion 100IAC-CPR produced the best hemodynamic effect,especially the best CPP and CMAP.100IAC-CPR method had higher successful rate of resuscitation,and was easier to control and to keep.


The origin of the East Asian economic crisis can probably be traced back to the currency meltdown in Thailand in early 1997. Since then, the crisis hit countries of East Asia have seen the lifeblood of liquidity drain away. Inefficient banking systems resulted in banks lending too much money to too many people for unproductive uses. Investors started pulling out en masse, afraid of possible currency devaluation. International lending agencies are stipulating tough conditions to sanction loans to bail out crippling economies. Signs of troubles can be seen everywhere: shops boarded up for "renovation," summer sales that meet up with winter sales, and long lines at the employment bureaus. The impact of the East Asian economic crisis is now spreading to the rest of the world. What future lies ahead for the East Asia Tigers? In this issue of Vikalpa, we bring you a special coverage on the East Asian Economy.


The invention relates to a closure device for a motor vehicle (1) equipped with a centralized locking system. Further comprising a remote control system for the central locking system, comprising a transmitter with a key and with a receiver (7) in the motor vehicle (1). The actuation of the transmitter produces a word remote control change code and transmit such signal code remote control change. The decoding device (8) can produce an unlock signal based on a comparison of the remote control code change signal received with the control change code word to be stored away in the decoding device. The remote control device comprises a transponder and a transponder interrogation transceiver (16).


It is statutory that creation of districts in Ghana should be determined by factors including particularly population size and economic viability of the areas concerned. From 1988 - 2012, the number of districts in the country almost doubled from 110 to 216. Similarly, population also doubled from 12 million in 1984 to 24 million in 2010. An assessment of various revenue sources to the districts, however, revealed that general contributions of Internally Generated Funds (IGF) to the total revenue of the districts are miserably insignificant. The District Assemblies' Common Fund (DACF) is specifically noted to be a major developmental fund in the districts than the IGF. Given the correspondence between population growth and the rising number of districts in the country, the study established that the creation of new districts in Ghana is influenced largely by population size to the neglect of economic viability of the areas. It is therefore concluded that creation of more districts in Ghana is only prudent if the economic viability of the areas can be guaranteed to ensure autonomy and reduce overdependence of the districts on grants and the DACF, in particular.


The aim of this study is to investigate the role of lycopene from Zizyphus spina- christi water extract in the protection of pancreatic cells from the effect of streptozotocin in Balb/c mice. It has been proposed that lipid peroxidation caused by free radicals may be involved in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. Streptozotocin elicites pancreatic lipid peroxidation which precedes the appearance of hyperglycemia in Balb/c mice. We studied the effects of the free radical scavenger, lycopene from Zizyphus spina-christi on Balb/c mice pancreas. The effect of this flavonoid on pancreatic, hepatic and blood glutathione together with the pancreatic malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in response to streptozotocin. Our results showed that lycopene, a phytoalexin increased pancreatic and blood GSH without changes in either hepatic GSH or in blood glucose. This phytoalexin from Zizyphus prevents the increase in lipid peroxidation, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and gamaglutamyl transferases (GGT) levels in the serum produced by streptozotocin. Also, phytoalexin from zizyphus prevented the sustained increment in plasma glucose induced by streptozotocin.


Presents the animation imitation and interface design of firing process from fast moving forward gunship in the environment designed using powerful supportive OOP and Windows programs from the mathematic model established for the firing process from a fast moving forward gunship and the data associated with the firing process from a fast moving forward gunship,and the functionalization of modules by making full use of the functional function of the whole software system,which results in directly visible function,much freedom of control and a lot of help available.


This study aims to determine the effect of liquidity, fixed assets, and firm size on profitability in property and real estate industry sub sectors listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016-2019 period. The population in this study were all companies in property and real estate industry sub sector listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2016-2019 period, amounting to 62 companies with a sample of 23 companies. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The method of analysis used in this research is the multiple linear regression method. This research uses quantitative research. This type of research used in this research is descriptive quantitative. The nature of research in this study is explanatory. The results of this study indicate that partially liquidity have no significant effect on profitability and fixed assets have no significant effect on profitability, while firm size have a negative and significant effect on profitability in the property and real estate sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016-2019 period. Based on simultaneous liquidity, fixed assets, firm size have a significant effect on profitability in the property and real estate industry sub sector listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016-2019 period.


This portfolio of compositions and accompanying commentary explores methods of engagement with iconic works from Western Art Music as an embedded, contingent aspect of a wider contemporary Western culture. The primary aim of this portfolio was to create a set of compositions that concretely engaged with well-known works from the Western Art Music canon explicitly as works and not as quotation. Secondly, it aims to find a set of methods for treating these historical works that not only engages with their materiality, but also with aspects of cultural association and reception that have accrued around them. To these ends, the portfolio draws on historical approaches to the application of Critical Theory in other artistic disciplines such as theatre and the visual arts. These approaches, which are discussed and critiqued within the opening methodological section of the commentary, form a set of frameworks that provided stimulation for the compositions that are presented in the portfolio. The portfolio of compositions, and their discussion within the commentary, are presented in the chronological order of their creation. This thesis, therefore, provides a selection of snapshots in time that reflect an on-going and dynamic process of composition, performance and critical reflection, whereby reflection on the approaches applied to one work feed directly and indirectly into the composition of the next. The portfolio and accompanying commentary thereby blends narrative account with systematic inquiry.


Extensive training with same-class concept identification problems was expected to produce behavior that is consistent with hypothesis sampling models that assume rather severe memory limitations for previously tested hypotheses. After solving 0, 4, or 8 unidimensional concept problems, 256 undergraduates were transferred to a problem in which solution was (a) present on a single dimension—a no-shift problem, (b) reversed within a dimension after every second error—a reversal shift, (c) alternated between two dimensions after every second error—a dimensional shift, or (d) based on either of two dimensions—a relevant, redundant problem. Results showed that performance was better on the no-shift problem than the reversal shift problem but only at 0-pretraining. Performance was better on relevant, redundant problems than dimensional shift problems at 0- and 4-pretraining. There were frequent inconsistencies of hypotheses with previous information in the 0- and 8-pretraining conditions. The interpretation was that associative learning occurs among some inexperienced subjects and that with a moderate amount of training hypotheses are consistent with previous information. Memory is extremely limited when same-class problems are given repeatedly.


Friction and wear has become major influence in determine the lifespan of the
machine or engine components. Lowest friction and wear are desirable to enhance
the machine or engine performance. The purpose of this research is to investigate the
influences of nanoparticle consist of Alumina (AL2O3) and hexagonal Boron Nitride
(H-Bn) as an additive dispersed in diesel engine oil. This research is focus on
rheological properties of the diesel engine oil lubricant by using DOE by Taguchi
Method. The experimental work was conduct based on determine it COF, WSD and
VI. The result was optimize by using ANOVA in Taguchi method was used. The
outcome shows the effect containing Alumina (AL2O3) and hexagonal Boron Nitride
(H-Bn) as an additive is improving COF, WSD and VI.


Despite extensive recent reviews that fail to document harm from early admission and acceleration, many school districts are still reluctant to employ such educational techniques. This paper reports the results of a large, mailed survey of attitudes toward these practices as reported by coordinators of gifted, school psychologists, principals, and teachers (554 respondents) and a follow-up study that explored the origin of such attitudes. The major concern of all groups is the potential for harm to the social and emotional development of accelerants, though coordinators of programs for gifted and talented show significantly more positive views toward early admission and acceleration along every dimension. Personal experience (self or family member) with acceleration was most highly related to positive attitude toward the practice. Respondents viewed early admission and grade skipping as identical. This view, coupled with the prevalence of citations by practitioners of inadequately designed and inappropriately applied "early admission studies," presents an impediment to employment of any acceleration options. Implications for researchers and leaders in the field are discussed.


The widespread use of sapphire in the electronics industry has been caused by its excellent properties such as high chemical stability, light transmission, thermal conductivity and excellent heat resistance. Moreover, its mechanical endurance (i.e. high strength, high rigidity and high hardness) makes sapphire a highly desirable material for precision mechanical components. In addition, it can be used in applications requiring insulating and microwave-blocking components. Of crucial importance, the production and processing and sapphire can meet large-size and bulk-production requirements demanded by the electronics community. One of the less desirable properties of sapphire and transition alumina is their high affinity to water. While hydration or hydroxylation of alumina may lead to enhanced catalytic activity, it can also lead to the degradation of material properties such as chemical stability. Particularly, surface reactivity and stability is highly dependent on surface termination and stoichiometry, as dictated by hydration and hydroxylation level.[1] This can lead to batch-to-batch variability and performance degradation. In addition to this, the use of energetic particle irradiation may lead to changes in the properties exhibited by sapphire. The electrical degradation of sapphire has been reported upon e-beam irradiation.[2] Others has reported the formation of holes and slots of sapphire and other phases of alumina.[3-5] Furthermore, the reactivity of water radiolysis products from energetic particle bombardment can also result in the degradation of alumina surfaces.[6] Hence, it is imperative to understand the role of water in the reactivity and microstructural modification of sapphire. We herein explore the reactivity of sapphire to water and e-beam irradiation by means of environmental transmission electron microscopy (ETEM).


The subject of investigation is the effect of moisture levels on the catalysed oxidation of unsaturated fats in meals and in model systems using a starch matrix. Initially the effect of moisture levels and other factors on lipoxidase catalysed oxidation of linoleate and soya bean oil is described. In most of these studies soya beans were used as a source for lipoxidase, although other sources were examined. The effect of moisture levels on haematin compounds catalysed fat oxidation was investigated. In most studies haemoglobin was used as a catalyst although other haematin compounds have been examined. In addition the effect of moisture level on the action of the enzyme lipoxidase has been compared with results for the haemoglobin. In this study, a model systems were used, since they provided for closer control for the variables than would be possible with normal foodstuff. Fresh foods are known to contain natural substances which protect them from rapid deterioration, the antioxidants. There are also substances likely to promote oxidative deterioration, among the haematin compounds and lipoxidase, the importance of which, in influencing stability of food fats has been the subject of much speculation. The results of these studies indicate the possible implication of haematins in the oxidation deterioration of lipids in foodstuffs even when these are very dry.


Thinking Futures festival discussion (part of ESRC Festival of Social Science), convened by the University of Bristol exploring the success of the Directly Elected Mayor model.

Panel Abstract:
Strengthening city leadership by introducing directly elected mayors is now firmly on the agenda in the UK. Several cities, including Bristol, Leicester, Liverpool, and London already have directly elected mayors. Manchester plans to introduce a 'metro mayor' in 2017, with the prospect of other cities to follow. Supporters claim that the mayoral model of governance can provide visible, accountable, and effective city leadership. Critics argue that the model can lead to an over centralisation of power, weakening the role of councillors, undermining confidence in local democracy.

Speaker details:
Chair: Sarah Ayres, University of Bristol
Speakers:
Baroness Barbara Janke, former Liberal Democrat leader of Bristol City Council, (8:52-16:05)
Ben Harrison, Centre for Cities (16:06:27:20),
Dr David Sweeting, University of Bristol (27:21-33:34), and
Dr Thom Oliver, University of West England (33:35-39:35)

Monday 9th November 2015 (6-8pm)
Held at the Watershed, 1 Canon's Road, Bristol BS1 5TX

Accessible via Soundcloud: https://soundcloud.com/university-of-bristol/what-difference-do-directly-elected-mayors-make


A semiclassical kinetic theory is presented for the fluctuating photon flux emitted by a disordered medium in thermal equilibrium. The kinetic equation is the optical analog of the Boltzmann-Langevin equation for electrons. Vacuum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field provide a new source of fluctuations in the photon flux, over and above the fluctuations due to scattering. The kinetic theory in the diffusion approximation is applied to the super-Poissonian noise due to photon bunching and to the excess noise due to beating of incident radiation with the vacuum fluctuations.


Analyzing attack graphs can provide network security hardening strategies for administrators. Concerning the problems of high time complexity and costly hardening strategies in previous methods, a method for generating low cost network security hardening strategies is proposed based on attack graphs. The authors' method assesses risks of attack paths according to path length and the common vulnerability scoring system, limits search scope with a threshold to reduce the time complexity, and lowers cost of hardening strategies by using a heuristic algorithm. The experimental results show that the authors' method has good scalability, and significantly reduces cost of network security hardening strategies with reasonable running time.


In view of large cross section,difficult driving in large equipment assembly cavern in Inner Mongolia Shenhua Yili Energy Co.,Ltd.Huangyuchuan Coal Mine,through summarizing the experience of the anchor net supporting,it uses joint supporting technology of anchor net and channel steel beam joint supporting in the construction of large section cavern,which obtains the good effect.In the excavating process,using welded footstep workbench and FBZL30 tyred anti-explosion loader with 3 tons minecar out bottles to realize the fast construction of large equipment assembly cavern,achieve good tunneling effect,accumulating construction experience for the rapid construction of large equipment assembly cavern.


of the thermal properties of the analyzed walls. Selected examples show technical and architectural solutions, compared in terms of facade layer, insulation layer and heat transfer coefficient and parti-tion thickness.


The contents, affecting factors, seasonal changes and availability of fixed ammonium in major types ofpaddy soils derived from different parent materials in Hunan Province, China, were studied using the Silva-Bremner method by laboratory and pot experiments. Results showed that the content of fixed ammoniumin the plough horizons ranged from 88.3 mg kg-1 to 388.1 mg kg-1, with 273.2 ± 77.7 mg kg-1 on average,accounting for 11.2% of total soil N on average. Content of fixed ammonium decreased in the order of newlylacustrine clayey paddy soil > alluvial sandy paddy soil > purple clayey paddy soil > newly alluvial sandypaddy soil > yellow clayey paddy soil > reddish-yellow clayey paddy soil > granitic sandy paddy soil. Therewere four distribution patterns of fixed ammonium in the profiles to 1-m depth, i.e., increase with the depth,decrease with increasing depth, no distinct change with the depth, and abrupt increase or decrease in somehorizon. Percentage of fixed ammonium in total N increased with the depth in most of the soils. Fixationof NH4+ by soil was higher at 30 ℃ than at 20 ℃ and 40 ℃, and continuous submergence benefited thefixation of NH4+ in newly alluvial sandy paddy soil, purple clayey paddy soil and alluvial sandy paddy soil,while alternating wetting and drying contributed to the fixation of NH4+ in yellow clayey paddy soil mostly.Fixed ammonium content in the test paddy soils was significantly correlated with < 0.01 mm clay content(P < 0.05), but not with < 0.001 mm clay content, total N, organic N and organic matter. Fixed ammoniumcontent varied with rice growth stages. Application of N fertilizer promoted fixation of NH4+ by soil, and Nuptake by rice plant promoted release of fixed ammonium from the soil. Recently fixed ammonium in paddysoil after N fertilizer application was nearly 100% available to rice plant, while native fixed ammonium wasonly partly available, varying with the soil type and rice type.


We present a study of anisotropic parameter estimation in the near surface layers of P-wave and converted wave (C-wave) data. Near surface data is a ected by apparent anisotropy due to a vertical velocity compaction gradient. Thus, parameter estimation will give erroneous values which a ect the imaging of the target area. We extract the P-wave anisotropy parameter from P-wave data and compare the result with reference values from a model, built according to well, VSP and surface data. As the parameters show di erences up to an order of magnitude we use C-wave data to estimate the e ect of anisotropy ( ) and compute from these values. The resulting parameters t the reference values much better and show values of the same order of magnitude.


Precipitation kinetics of Nb(C,N) in microalloyed steels is crucial for the achievement of favoured steel properties. Therefore, numerous experimental studies have been performed in the past and various theoretical models have been developed to describe Nb(C,N) precipitation. However, the experimental data is sometimes contradictory and even the thermodynamic data for NbC solubility in austenite have a large scatter. In this paper, experimental results on the Nb(C,N) and NbV(C,N) precipitation kinetics in deformed and undeformed austenite are reviewed. Based on these data and with the precipitation kinetics module of the software package MatCalc, computer simulations are performed. The predicted interfacial energy of precipitates is adjusted to match the observed kinetics. A comparison between experimental information and simulation, i.e. time ‐ temperature ‐ precipitation (TTP) diagrams, is drawn and discussed. The results of the computer simulations using modified interfacial energies are in good agreement with the experiments.


BACKGROUND
Poor diets lead to negative health outcomes, including increased risk of noncommunicable diseases. Food systems, most notably agriculture, contribute to greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) that lead to climate change. Meat consumption plays a role in both health and environmental burden. Consumption of meat alternatives may reduce these harms. The aim was to compare meat products and their plant-based alternatives on nutritional parameters, GHGE and price to examine if it is feasible and beneficial for policymakers and health professionals to recommend meat alternatives.

METHODS
Data on nutritional information and cost for 99 selected products were collected from five UK supermarkets. Estimates for GHGEs for 97 of these products were found through secondary articles. Median values for nutritional value, GHGE (kgCO2 e) and price per 100 g were calculated to allow comparisons between meat products and their alternatives. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to look for significant differences for each nutrient, emissions and price.

RESULTS
Meat alternatives contained significantly more fibre and sugar and were significantly higher in price compared to the equivalent meat products. Meat alternatives had a significantly lower number of calories, saturated fat, protein and kgCO2 e than meat products. There was no significant difference in the amount of salt between meat and meat alternatives.

CONCLUSIONS
Overall, this paper found that meat alternatives are likely to be better for health according to most parameters, while also being more environmentally friendly, with lower GHGEs. However, the higher price of these products may be a barrier to switching to meat alternatives for the poorest in society.


Studies of character evolution have frequently relied on ahistorical correlations rather than on phylogenies. However, correlations do not estimate the number of times that a trait evolved, and they are insensitive to the direction or the temporal sequence of character transformation. In contrast, cladograms can provide this information. A cladistic test of the hypothesis that the evolution of dioecy is favored in animal‐dispersed plants indicates that dioecy may have originated somewhat more often in such lineages. Nevertheless, differences in rates of speciation or extinction must largely account for the observed species‐level correlation between dispersal and breeding system.

publisher-specific, author manuscript: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions


Document triage is the moment in the information seeking process when the user first decides the relevance of a document to their information need[17]. To better understand this action, we performed a detailed empirical user study to further current scientific understanding. The study reveals three findings: first, that there is a small set of common navigational patterns; second, that certain document features strongly influence users' navigation; and thirdly that subjective relevance is affected by some visual document features.


Low-resolution Spitzer-IRS spectral map data of a reflection nebula (NGC 7023), H ii region (M17), and planetary nebula (NGC 40), totaling 1417 spectra, are analyzed using the data and tools available through the NASA Ames PAH IR Spectroscopic Database. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission is broken down into PAH charge and size subclass contributions using a database-fitting approach. The resulting charge breakdown results are combined with those derived using the traditional PAH band strength ratio approach, which interprets particular PAH band strength ratios as proxies for PAH charge. Here the 6.2/11.2 μm PAH band strength ratio is successfully calibrated against its database equivalent: the ratio. In turn, this ratio is converted into the PAH ionization parameter, which relates it to the strength of the radiation field, gas temperature, and electron density. Population diagrams are used to derive the density and temperature. The bifurcated plot of the 8.6 versus 11.2 μm PAH band strength for the northwest photo dissociation region in NGC 7023 is shown to be a robust diagnostic template for the ratio in all three objects. Template spectra for the PAH charge and size subclasses are determined for each object and shown to favorably compare. Using the determined template spectra from NGC 7023 to fit the emission in all three objects yields, upon inspection of the Structure SIMilarity maps, satisfactory results. The choice of extinction curve proves to be critical. Concluding, the distinctly different astronomical environments of a reflection nebula, H ii region, and planetary nebula are reflected in their PAH emission spectra.


Introduction The effectiveness and efficiency of the university and college campus is an emerging crisis - a crisis directly related to failed practices in certain areas of leadership. The challenge for academe, more specifically leaders in academe, is to initiate and follow new leadership practices that directly confront unethical, failed and out-of-date methods of campus governance. The purpose of this article is to highlight several areas in which enhanced or new leadership practices are necessary, provide selected examples of egregious incidents of executive wrong-doing, and offer recommended leadership practices for the campus of the 21st Century. Ethical Leadership The New Era Scare (Eddy and Brubacher, 1996) whereby scores of graduate schools, universities, and colleges were fooled by the investment "Polizing Scheme", is but one example of how higher education leaders and officials (Boards of Regents and Trustees, Presidents, Legal Counsels, Vice Presidents, Business Advisors, etc.) need to commit to a higher level of ethics. This tragedy, the worst financial scam ever in higher education finance, occurred in 1995 when it was discovered that the Foundation for New Era Philanthropy pulled off a Charles Ponzi type financial swindle wherein millions of dollars were lost by scores of seminaries, universities, and colleges. Reflectively, Ponzi's scheme was based on the long chanced theme of huge profits in return for large investments. In repeated articles, higher education journals and periodicals, including the Chronicle of Education, relate accounts of "get rich quick" schemes initiated and approved by leaders of academic institutions. Truly, there seems to be an ethical crisis within our campus leaders. Academic leaders of the 21st Century must re-cast their leadership practice to include the following essential aspects of the ethical dimension: (1) Leaders set the tone for the ethical climate of their organizations (Kouzes & Posner, 1995). Members of Boards of Regents and Trustees, presidents, vice presidents, deans, and others comprising the academic leadership of the institution must, by deeds, speech, and action, portray their commitment to high ethical standards. (2) A clearly understandable and set of ethical standards that can be adhered to must be devised and articulated by the campus leadership (Eddy, 1993). An unreachable or idealistic ethical code will be breached in day-to-day or routine business - thus, diluting the components that can be lived up to. (3) Ethics violations within the leadership hierarchy should be dealt with swiftly, authoritatively, and affirmatively. The results of inquiries and investigations into ethical lapses should be widely publicized. Team Leadership Leadership unitage, that is, the quantity of leadership within a particular unit of leadership, is significantly improved when all leaders in the institution are empowered to lead their respective unit - teamwork increases productivity (Spaulding & Eddy, 1996). A shift in organizational leadership is underway according to many experts writing on the subject. Charles Handy has indicated that this evolving leadership should be termed "language of politics" - a process of leadership that includes the concepts of "adhocracy, of federalism, of alliances, teams, empowerment, and room for initiative." He identifies the key words as "options not plans, the possible rather than the perfect; and involvement instead of obedience." According to Handy, the title "manager" is being replaced with titles such as lead partner, team leader, facilitator, and project manager (Hesselbein, Goldsmith, & Beckhard, 1996). Critical actions that can be undertaken to improve the institutional climate wherein team leadership can thrive are: (1) Just as the Boards of Regents and Trustees work as a team so should the academe leadership operating entities. No matter what they are called, problems, challenges, opportunities, or issues, organizational activity requiring leader attention should be pursued via a collaborative or shared effort. …


This paper presents a concept for the use of a PLC as an Industry 4.0 (I40) component as defined by the Industry 4.0 architecture RAMI 4.0. As a result, PLC controllers can be integrated seamlessly in Industry 4.0 production environments using the service paradigm. The transmission time for the process data from the PLC to the IP network was determined for a prototype implementation. With the PLC as an I40 component, process data can be transferred directly from the controller to an IP network without additional delays. This forms, amongst other things, the basis for outsourcing parts of the control program to a cloud.


The nature of the interspecific hybridizations giving rise to the polyploid wheats has been determinedfrom an analysis of the polypeptide compositions offraction I proteins isolatedfrom diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid wheat species. In the origins of the tetraploid wheat, the B-genome donor provided the chloroplast genome and was therefore the maternal parent in the cross with Triticum monococcum. Subsequently, the tetraploid wheat, T. dicoccum, was the maternal parent in the cross with Aegilops squarrosa, giving rise to the hexaploid wheat, T. aestivum. Ofthe small number ofdiploid species examined, only Ae. speltoides has a chloroplast genome similar to that of the polythis method outside the genus Nicotiana we have examined the fraction I proteins of species implicated in the origins of polyploid wheat. These analyses provide some indications as to the nature of the B-genome donor and further indicate the directions of the interspecific crosses that gave rise to the tetraploid and hexaploid wheats. The wheat species examined were the hexaploid Triticum aestivum, the tetraploids T. timopheevii and T. dicoccoides and its cultivated form T. dicoccum, and the diploids Aegilops speltoides, Ae. squarrosa, T. urartu, and T. boeoticum and its cultivated form T. monococcum. Fraction 1 proteins were isolated from the supernatant fraction obtained by homogenizing 14-day-old leaves in 3 volumes of 0.05M tris-HCI buffer, pH 7.8, containing 0.2M NaCI, 0.5 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 10 mM potassium metabisulfite, and 20 percent (weight to volume) Dowexl(x2) and then centrifuging for 60 minutes at 77,000g. Fraction 1 proteins were precipitated from the extract by ammonium sulfate at 50 percent saturation, and then extraneous proteins were removed by passage through a column of Sepharose 4B to which antibodies to fraction 1 protein had been covalently linked (7). Fraction 1 protein bound to the column was then eluted in the form of dissociated subunits by 8M urea in 0.05M tris-HCI, pH 7.8, 0.2M NaCI. The protein was then S-carboxymethylated before analysis by isoelectric focusing in the presence of 8M urea (1). As shown in Fig. 1, all fraction I proteins from the wheat species contain three large subunit polypeptides and a single small subunit polypeptide. The species fall into two groups on the basis of the isoelectric points of the large subunits. One group, having higher isoelectric points, contains T. aestivum, T. dicoccum, and Ae. speltoides, as well as T. timopheevii (not shown) and T. dicoccoides (see Fig. 2). The other group, with lower isoelectric points for the large subunit polypeptides, contains the diploid species, T. boeoticum, T. urartu, and Ae. squarrosa, as well as T. monococcum (not shown). These differences allow some conclusions to be drawn concerning the course of evolution of the polyploid wheats, because the mode of inheritance of the large subunit polypeptides of fraction I protein is the same in wheat as in the Nicotiana species. This is shown in Fig. 2 by an analysis of the polypeptide composition of fraction I proteins from reciprocal interspecific hybrids of T. boeoticum and T. dicoccoides. The large subunit polypeptides of fraction I protein from the hybrid species are inherited solely from the maternal parent, as has been demonstrated previously for interspecific hybrids in the genus Nicotiana (4).


ABSTRACT The geomorphology of the hidden subglacial landscape of Antarctica is relevant to our understanding of the stability of the Antarctic Ice Sheet and also to that of global interactions between plate tectonics and surface processes. We believe that geomorphology has much to contribute, but that the lack of coherent hypotheses about the origins of the subglacial landscape is holding back understanding. This paper approaches the problem by using southern hemisphere land masses in Africa and Madagascar as analogues. We find that the Antarctic landscape evolved in a similar way to passive margin evolution in southern Africa. Rifting associated with the breakup of Gondwana changed river base levels and caused rapid erosion on the flanks of rifts and was accompanied by the uplift of rift-margin mountains. Rift-margin plains, often coastal or extending inland along large rivers, are backed by an escarpment, while low-gradient continental river basins characterised the interior of Antarctica. In East Antarctica ice has removed pre-existing regolith from lowlands and excavated 2–3 km troughs below sea level along the course of major trunk rivers. The micro-continents of West Antarctica are comparable to Madagascar and apparently share a similar topography with coastal plains, backing escarpments and interior plateaux.


Radiology education in the undergraduate level imparts in medical students the basic knowledge to interpret common pathological conditions, know the right imaging requests to make and the right order in which they should be made when they become physicians and the degree of this knowledge is influenced by several factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of radiology in exiting medical students and to identify the challenges of undergraduate radiology education.

This was a prospective cross-sectional observational study that was conducted in a 2-month period in the Radiology Department of the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital. The year 6 medical students of the University of Calabar, who were 79 in number, participated in the study. Relevant questions covering the major areas of radiology were presented to each participant by the use of a pre-test questionnaire. SPSS version 23.0., Pearson's Chi-square test, and t-tests were used to analyze the data.

The medical students had a mean score of 66.5% in radiology knowledge. A significant relationship was observed between diagnostic radiology knowledge and the duration of radiology posting (P = 0.029), radiology teaching methods (P = 0.001), and the quality of learning environment (P = 0.002), respectively.

The final year medical students in University of Calabar have an appreciable knowledge of radiology. This can be improved if the duration of radiology education increases by early introduction into the pre-clinical class or other clinical courses, if the radiology teaching methods are updated, and if the quality of the learning environment is improved.


We esiablih tbai utih& theory cannoi serve as a 3undationfir dehion, or any odm tAeoy. ne iniopre- iation ofthe uon Neumann and Morgmiem axiom pre- cludes thepossibiUy ofconstmcting utila& scales based on thi fiamewod. We point out other pmblem with utdii theoy andpmeni a pamdox that demomtraies that the intepzmion ofihe uiifi& axom lea& to a contradiction: choices thai are accepted are at the same time rqicted - based on ihe same iheoy - dqending on the labels atinched io the firstname.lastname@example.com. being measumd Furihennoe, utili& scales do not enable the opeaiiom of addtion and muhi- pficabon.


Most world executives of major industries stated that innovation is one of their three
top strategies. Even though this strategy costly, but higher return usually goes satisfactorily.
This paper describes the benefit, barriers, consequences of the innovation
strategy to disseminate the importance of this strategy for the stakeholder industry,
especially in this globalization era.
Keywords: invention, innovation, Oslo Manual, Innovation adoption, Innovation
diffusion


This chapter documents how the process of grassroots community organizing through a family-focused model of local contestation liberates participants, mainly Black and immigrant Latina mothers in Chicago, from the constraints of individualization. While much philanthropic and academic interest focuses on the policy and quantitative "impacts" and "outcomes" of local social movements, the current study looks to local organizers to better understand their experiences and how they construct meaning through their participation. In-depth interviews and participant observations show how leaders gained collective purpose and voice through family-focused collective action. Community Organizing and Family Issues, a non-profit organizing institution, supported and propelled participants (leaders) to organize locally to create change in their communities, while it also facilitated conversions in self-perceptions. Leaders often discovered a sense of capacity, which contested gendered, raced, and classed oppression and self-doubt. Through the process of community organizing, leaders exercised power and dignity, facets that for the women in this study, were often ignored and devalued in society. These understudied social effects of collective action help us to better understand how marginalized women experience local social movements that cannot be quantified to fit narrow measures of movement "impacts" and "outcomes."


Water storage change of the lakes in the Tibetan Plateau is regarded as one of the most critical regional hydrological consequences owing to climate change. In this study, we investigate the water storage changes in 22 lakes in the Tibetan Plateau based on sequential remote sensed lake area and water level, which are derived from moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) surface reflectance and Laboratoire D'Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales (LEGOS) altimetry data, respectively. Water storage of the lake is estimated on the basis of the relationship between lake area and water level. The method can be seen as an alternative to the conventional hydrological approaches. The results show that, during 2001–2017, most of the studied lakes in the Tibetan Plateau have shown significant increasing trends in water storage accompanied with larger lake area and higher water level. The changes in lake water storage are found in close relation to variations of climate factors such as precipitation, potential evaporation, and temperature in most lakes. The climate change impacts, however, can be amplified or attenuated by other environmental factors in some lake catchments.


A water-ethyl alcohol mixture having a zero temperature coefficient of ultrasonic velocity over a certain temperature range having been discovered, the development of an accurate time micrometer using such a mixture was attempted but was found to meet with difficulties due to partial evaporation tending to alter the composition of the liquid. Further research, however, led to the discovery that at an elevated yet convenient temperature - of 72°.7 c. - water itself displays a zero temperature coefficient of ultrasonic velocity over a useful range. A time micrometer using distilled water was therefore developed.


Photocurrent of nanocrystalline TiO/sub 2/ thin films has been probed by using a steady-state photoconduction technique. A broad single peak (280-410 nm) photocurrent spectrum was observed for the TiO/sub 2/ thin films. The photocurrent maximum at about 360 nm associates with the direct band gap of anatase TiO/sub 2/. The electron-hole pair formation that occurs at the interface between semiconductor TiO/sub 2/ nanoparticles and a solution upon absorption of near UV light leads to redox reactions of solution species (W/sup +6//W/sup +5/). The mechanism of such photodriven processes are discussed along with the potential applications in photoelectrochemical cells and as particulate photochromic systems.


This work aims to shed light on the use of two biochars, obtained from the pyrolysis at 550 °C of heavy-metal-contaminated Jatropha curcas L. roots, as heterogeneous catalysts for glycerol esterification using residual glycerine. To do this, glycerine from biodiesel production was purified. In a first step, H3PO4 or H2SO4 was used to remove non-glycerol organic matter. The glycerol-rich phase was then extracted with ethanol or propanol, which increased the glycerol content from 43.2% to up to 100%. Subsequently, the esterification of both purified glycerine and commercial USP glycerine was assayed with acetic acid (AA) or with acetic anhydride (AH) at 9:1 molar ratio to glycerol using Amberlyst-15 as catalyst. Different reaction times (from 1.5 to 3 h) and temperatures (100–115 °C when using AA and 80–135 °C when using AH) were assessed. Results revealed that the most suitable conditions were 80 °C and 1.5 h reaction time using AH, achieving 100% yield and selectivity towards triacetylglycerol (TAG) almost with both glycerines. Finally, the performance and reuse of the two heterogeneous biocatalysts was assessed. Under these conditions, one of the biocatalysts also achieved 100% TAG yield.


In waterworks, 222 Rn can exhale in large amounts through open water surfaces and cause a significant dose contribution. Annual effective doses up to 56 mSv y −1 are documented in literature. This paper gives a literature review on studies associated with radon measurements in indoor air of waterworks − covering more than 800 waterworks in nine regions. Special attention is given to the assessment of the workers' effective dose, which can be done either on basis of the personal exposure or on basis of the local activity concentrations and the residence times. Especially at facilities with a water treatment, large diurnal variations depending on its operation mode were reported. The average 222 Rn concentrations may considerably differ during the time spent of the staff and do not allow to determine the correct annual effective doses. Personal detectors avoid this problem and do not require the survey of the residence times, while the determination of the local exposure allows for the identification of spots with high activity concentrations to set dose reduction measures.


The article presents the results of an innovative experimental study of pharmacotherapy of systemic autoimmune diseases in a pandemic of coronavirus infection is a timely and socially oriented way. The methodology of conducting a content analysis based on the theoretical principles of pharmaceutical and medical law and its components. Author used the method of drug selection developed by the Department of Medical and Pharmaceutical Law, General and Clinical Pharmacy of the Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education. Content analysis was performed by dosage forms by grouping them using the Sturgess formula, followed by the construction of discrete series of variations and distribution polygon. Received data made possible to state, that in some circumstances, doctors have a choice of both drugs and dosage forms. However, the data obtained show a lack of balance between supply and demand for patients and physicians. The analysis allows to obtain a complete description of the balance of "supply and demand" between the range and types of dosage forms of drugs INN Silymarin ATC code A05BA03, that approved for use.


Using the Phase Field approach a combined system of equations for stress distribution in a solid body subjected to external periodic load and order parameter for mesoscopic defect accumulation has been reduced to the problem of the first passage time to reach the last stable steady state which has been defined as a failure point. Asymptotic formula of the time-to-failure for the large in units of kT Peierls potential barrier for defect dynamics has been obtained in terms of the amplitude of the periodic load and parameters of generic Peierls potential. Asymptotic formula for remaining life of the material subjected to long periodic loads has been obtained for classical sinusoidal Peierls potential.


Extracellular cations have paradoxical trophic and toxic effects on osteoblast function. In an effort to explain these divergent actions, we investigated in MC3T3‐E1 osteoblasts if polyvalent cations differentially modulate the agonist‐stimulated cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) pathway, an important regulator of osteoblastic function. We found that a panel of cations, including gadolinium, aluminum, calcium, and neomycin, inhibited prostaglandin E1 (PGE)‐stimulated cAMP accumulation but paradoxically potentiated parathyroid hormone (PTH)‐stimulated cAMP production. In contrast, these cations had no effect on forskolin‐ or cholera toxin–induced increases in cAMP, suggesting actions proximal to adenylate cyclase and possible modulation of receptor interactions with G proteins. Phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetated (PMA) mimicked the effects of cations on PGE1‐and PTH‐stimulated cAMP accumulation in MC3T3‐E1 cells, respectively, diminishing and augmenting the responses. Moreover, down‐regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) by overnight treatment with PMA prevented gadolinium (Gd3+) from attenuating PGE1‐ and enhancing PTH‐stimulated cAMP production, indicating involvement of PKC‐dependent pathways. Cations, however, activated signal transduction pathways not coupled to phosphatidylinositol‐specific phospholipase C (PI‐PLC), since there was no corresponding increase in inositol phosphate formation or intracellular calcium concentrations. In addition, pertussis toxin treatment failed to prevent Gd3+‐mediated suppression of PGE1‐Stimulated cAMP, suggesting actions independent of Gαi. Thus, polyvalent cations may either stimulate or inhibit hormone‐mediated cAMP accumulation in osteoblasts. These differential actions provide a potential explanation for the paradoxical trophic and toxic effects of cations on osteoblast function that occur in vivo under different hormonal conditions.


"…there are enough published data to suggest that measures of iron status in subjects may well serve as an early signal for premature cardiovascular disease and mortality, and should be considered as a potential novel cardiovascular biomarker."


of the thesis presented by Felipe Ramirez Hernandez as a partial requirement to obtain the Master or Doctor of Science degree in Materials Physics. Development of an atmospheric plasma system for catalytic synthesis of nanomaterials Abstract approved by:approved by: ____________________________________ Dr. Gerardo Soto Herrera Thesis director The currently known methods for carbon nanotube (CNT) synthesis are electric arc discharge, laser ablation, and CVD (Chemical vapor deposition). The first two techniques have been developed only at laboratory scale but the material production is still insufficient for real market expansion. Until now, only the CVD method has proved to have potential for scaling to industrial level (kg. of CNT per day per reactor). The fluidized bed CVD reactor (Wrinkler reactor) has historically been used in catalytic cracking reactions in oil and nowadays in raw material and synthetic gas production from biomass. There are several technological advantages of the fluidized bed reactor. Among others, the most notable are: homogeneous temperature gradient and reagent concentration, and the capability for continuous operation. Several systems of atmospheric plasmas (AP) operated at direct current (DC) have been successfully applied in the synthesis of metal nanoparticles and other nanostructures. A kind of DC operated AP, known in technical jargon as a plasma torch, has been used to synthesize few-walled CNT starting from gas phase precursors. This work is presented as the development of a technology for mass production of fewwalled CNT (FWCNT). CNT were synthesized by a new proposal of catalytic CVD synthesis that combines a fluidized bed reactor coupled to a commercial plasma torch. CNT were successfully grown on micro spherical aluminosilicate (Al2O3 93.7%-SiO2 6.3%) supports used as the catalyst bed and experiencing with aerosol and gas phase reactants. The results shows that the AP reduces the catalyst particle size which may promote the growth of fewwalled CNT and, under certain conditions, branched CNT. A stablished heat purifying procedure lowers a considerable percentage (about 15-25 %) of impurities generated during the synthesis.


This report delves into the pivotal role that differential equations play in the modeling of dynamic systems, with a specific emphasis on their utility within the domain to tumor growth modeling. Differential equations furnish a quantitative framework for understanding the complex dynamics inherent in the growth of tumors, thereby empowering the formulation of predictions, possible treatment measures and prolonged prognostic outcomes. In this report we embark upon an exploration of the historical origin of these equations, their associated classifications, features and their extensive deployment in multiple disciplines such as physics, biology, economics and computer science, though the primary emphasis is on the domain of tumor growth. Through the medium of two hypothetical case studies, employing Gompertz and Logistic Growth models, this report vividly illustrates the indispensable role of differential equations in the realm of clinical decision-making, the planning of treatment measures and in building a stable foundation for future endeavors. It concurrently explores the advantages of employing differential equations within the framework of tumor growth modeling, underscoring their mathematical precision, predictive efficacy, quantitative insights and historical success. Nevertheless, the report remains forthright in acknowledging the limitations of these models, particularly their tendency for simplifications, the neglect of spatially distributed information and their disregard for Stochastic Effects.


The retrieval of several electromagnetic signal sources received by an antenna array is presented. Spatial diversity information is employed to separate instantaneous mixtures. The approach relies on an adaptive algorithm for the minimization of the mutual information between receiver channels. The examples are included to illustrate the procedure feasibility. The number of sources was equal to the number of receivers.


This article examines how race is represented in public art-works sponsored by the State in contemporary Puerto Rico. We focus mainly on two sculptures that commemorate Puerto Rico's black heritage, the sculptural triad entitled "Ritmo" (2006), and the sculpture titled "Osain" (2007), both located in the town of Caguas. We argue that blackness in Puerto Rican art-works is rendered passive, foreign, and primitive. Nevertheless, while creating folkloric representations of blacks, black artists also try to convey a different image of blackness: one that is marked by modernity and rebelliousness.


In this paper a method for the detection of initial stress tensor is proposed. The method is based on measuring distances between some pairs of points located on the wall of underground opening in the excavation process. This methods is based on the solution of eighteen auxiliary problems in the theory of elasticity with force boundary conditions. The optimal location of the pairs of points on the wall of underground work is studied. The pairs must be located so that the condition number of a certain matrix has the minimal value, which guarantees a reliable estimation of initial stress tensor.


Although the motivational benefits of embodied conversational agents in other areas have been demonstrated their potential for relationship building within e-tailing has been little utilized. In this exploratory paper we consider customer perceptions of what types of ECA are appropriate to retailing Web sites using data from semi-structured interviews with 30 Internet shoppers. Extrapolating the findings from the advertising literature concerning match-up between endorser and brand, product or retailer we find this is an important element in the acceptability and viability of ECAs on retail Web sites. It is apparent that great care has to be taken in matching not only the physical characteristics of the ECA to perceptions of the brand, product or retailer but also to the goals and motivations of potential customers of a Web site. We also find that introducing customer interaction into the 'match-up' mix introduces a new level of complexity, that of matching customer expectations. It is this level of service that may be most difficult for technology and organizations to meet.


We introduce a new preconditioner for elliptic PDEs on unstructured meshes. Using a wavelet-inspired basis we compress the inverse of the matrix, allowing an effective sparse approximate inverse by solving the sparsity vs. accuracy conflict. The key issue in this compression is to use second generation wavelets which can be adapted to the unstructured mesh, the true boundary conditions, and even the PDE coefficients. We also show how this gives a new perspective on multiresolution algorithms such as multigrid, interpreting the new preconditioner as a variation on node-nested multigrid. In particular, we hope the new preconditioner will combine the best of both worlds: fast convergence when multilevel methods can succeed but with robust performance for more difficult problems.
The rest of the paper discusses the core issues for the preconditioner: ordering and construction of a factored approximate inverse in the multiresolution basis, robust interpolation on unstructured meshes, automatic mesh coarsening, and purely algebraic alternatives. Some exploratory numerical experiments suggest the superiority of the new basis over the standard basis for several tough problems, including discontinuous anisotropic coefficients, strong convection, and indefinite reaction problems on unstructured meshes, with scalability like hierarchical basis methods achieved.


A topological model that can describe the mobile social network accurately is proposed based on four initial networks considering the dynamic of social network,the different importance of users and the direction of information interaction.Random walking theory and improved PageRank algorithm are adopted,and transition probability is introduced to associate the network topological structure between two time-steps. Firstly,PageRank algorithm is used to obtain the strength of the nodes in order to get the probability transition matrix.Then random walking theory is used to get the current time-step edge existence probability matrix based on the last time-step edge existence probability matrix and the probability transition matrix.During each time-step,a node is added and it is checked if there is any departure node.Finally,simulation model is used to simulate the four initial networks in in-degree,out-degree,strength distribution and the correlation between degree and strength.The results indicate that the four initial networks' in-degree,out-degree,strength distribution and the correlation between degree and strength show obvious power-law character. It shows that the random walking theory and improved PageRank algorithm can describe the mobile social network better,which is of certain practical significance.


Pattern synthesis is one of the most important aspects of antennas. Radiation pattern shape plays a major role in all communication and modern radar systems. It is of interest to note that it is possible to generate and shape the overall radiation characteristics by a suitable design of antennas. In view of above facts, an attempt is made to propose new amplitude distributions to reduce first sidelobe level for synthesis of sum patterns. For this purpose classical synthesis methods are widely used to address this problem providing low side lobe levels and narrow beam-width. The desired radiation patterns can be carried out with the help of LabVIEW2014 software and are presented. Index terms Array Antennas, Pattern Synthesis, Tailor Synthesis, Side lobe level.


Objective To investigate the photodynamic effect induced by laser and use it as a method for purging of minimal residual tumor cells from autologous peripheral blood stem cell grafts. Methods We studied the effect of various concentrations of hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) combined with of different time of laser irradiation on human leukemia cell line K562, breast tumor cell line MCF-7 and human umbilical cord blood-derived hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells by using MTT assay to compare the photodynamic effect between cell lines of each group. Results HPD or laser irradiation alone had no apparent cytotoxicity while the application of HPD plus laser exposure caused photosensitization. HPD plus laser irradiation was more efficient for killing K562 cells and MCF-7 cells than doing the normal human umbilical cord blood-derived hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. The photodynamic effect on K562 cells and MCF-7 cells was positively correlated with the increase of treatment duration and HPD concentration. Conclusion These results indicated that the laser photodynamic effect mediated by HPD might be used for purging autologous peripheral blood stem cell grafts in vitro.


A mission's operations concept often evolves from previous relevant mission types. The tools required to implement, maintain and validate the mission operation are similarly developed. What happens when a mission incorporates astronauts, robotic/rover assets and increased automation? ESA's METERON (Multi-Purpose End to End Robotic Operations Network) project has been set up to investigate the suitability of existing robotic, operational and communication tools and to demonstrate the in-flight use of new technology in these three areas. Reference scenarios are developed with telerobotics, robotics, communication and operational objectives and executed via ground testing prior to the use of the ISS as an analogue for an orbiter around another planet/asteroid. The distributed Monitoring and Control Systems must therefore be optimised for differing levels of latency, complexity and user experience. Operations require scheduling of background tasks (e.g. rover navigation in non-real-time) in parallel with astronaut control (e.g. video/exoskeleton control of rover in real-time), respecting and maintaining the network communications.


In order to facilitate the measurement of frequency response, a frequency response recorder was newly devised. This recorder is constituted of two parts, one is a sine wave generator which is used to impose the input signal X sin ωt being accomplished with an eccentric disc rotating at the angular velocity ω ; another part is a rotating table at the same angular velocity ω on which the output signal of the system is recorded with a pen. If the output signal is a theoretically perfect linear simple harmonic oscillation whose neutral point corresponds to the center of rotation of the table C, the record on the table becomes a circle passing through C, then, the diameter and the position of the center of the circle indicate the amplitude of the output signal and phase lag angle with respect to the input signal, respectively.


This study examined vulnerability to cardio vascular disease among senior civil servants in Ekiti-State and implications for health education. Ekiti State otherwise called fountain of knowledge is known for academic attainment where majority of the populace are educated but the poor level of economic development made civil service the widely accepted job option for the populace. Civil Service includes secondary schools, ministries and parastatals. The study design used was descriptive survey. Ado Local Government was purposefully selected while Ado-Ekiti the only major town in Ado Local Government Area was used for the study because all the ministries headquarters are located in Ado-Ekiti the state capital. Data for this study were collected from primary sources using a total number of three hundred senior civil servants with salary scale within 14 and 16, who were randomly selected using simple random and stratified sampling technique from the ministries, parastatals and secondary schools. Two hundred and eighty copies of the administered instrument which were duly completed and returned, giving 93 percent returned rate were analyzed. A standardized Arizona Heart Institute cardiovascular Risk factor analysis questionnaire was adopted. The data collected were analyzed using frequency and percentages. The study revealed that 168 (60%) respondents were male while 112 (40%) were female. Using the scoring method provided by the risk factor analysis, it was revealed that men had high risk factors while women had low risk factors. The body mass index calculated also showed that male senior civil servants are overweight than their female counterparts. It was therefore recommended that, conducting enlightenment campaign would create awareness on the risk factors to cardiovascular diseases which would reduce the vulnerability rate. Regular medical checkup in work place would help in early identification of the non-modifiable risk factors and prompt treatment of such condition. Finally, keep fit exercise should be organized regularly for senior civil servants by the state government.


The yaupon psyllid, Gyropsylla ilecis (Ashmead), is a native insect of the family Psyllidae, order Hemiptera (Figure 1). The insect is inconspicuous during most of the year, but the leaf galls it produces in spring are more easily observed. Nymphs feed on the new growth of yaupon holly, Ilex vomitoria, causing leaves to deform into a protective gall. The yaupon holly, native to the southeastern United States, is used as an ornamental tree or shrub and has also been used for centuries to produce a caffeinated, tea-like beverage. The yaupon psyllid is considered a minor aesthetic pest due to the unsightly presence of galls and some stunting of twigs. However, yaupon holly is rarely severely damaged by this insect.


Multi-teacher knowledge distillation can improve the performance of student networks in semi-supervised node classification tasks, but existing works ignore the importance of different teachers, using average of multiple teachers as final prediction. In addition, they rely on a large amount of labeled data, which is inconsistent with semi-supervised learning requirements. To solve these limitations, we propose a Neighborhood Correction Weight-Adaptive Multi-teacher Knowledge Distillation (NC-WAMKD) framework, which involves the knowledge distillation strategy WAMKD and the student model with Neighborhood Correction Label Propagation and Feature Transformation (NCLF). Specifically, WAMKD is designed to adaptively assign weights for multiple teachers to avoid misleading student by low-quality teachers. NCLF relies on neighborhood correction label propagation and feature transformation to validly predict unlabeled nodes. Experiments on semi-supervised node classification tasks demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework. Code is available: https://github.com/para-99/NC-WAMKD.


techniques and the philosophy of sedimentological research, which should be of immense value to students who intend to study for higher degrees. The author has indicated in the Preface that he has emphasized the description of sedimentary rocks, rather than the physics and chemistry of their formation. Generally this is so, but his descriptions and explanations of diagenesis, particularly in sandstones and carbonates, do contain some physics and chemistry, and are extremely clear, and quite valuable. Blatt has included short discussions of research projects that are pertinent to the subject being considered; in some cases his synopses are more to the point than the original work by the individuals themselves. The book is up to date and well illustrated. It contains a glossary of 300 terms, a detailed index, and an index of cited author names. It also includes quite a bit of humour which, when as well done as this, helps to make the book very readable. The emphasis on specific topics is not always what this reviewer personally would have preferred; for instance, considering the importance of mudrocks and the very rapid advances that are taking place in the subject, more information could have been included on recent and ancient clay mineral studies and on organic content in mudrocks. Blatt has a knack for writing textbooks, and this one is informative, logical and extremely well written. This reviewer recommends it to all who intend to teach sedimentary petrology and to students who will take the course; it stands above anything remotely associated with its field. D. H. K.


Based on the demand of power department,a protection monitoring device for the power distribution line is studied.The device is a new industrial control unit using DSP as the core technology to ensure the high reliability and feasibility,and presents the advantages of microprocessor protection by intelligent designs.


BACKGROUND
Occurrence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in COVID-19 patients has not been extensively studied.

AIM
The present study was conducted to analyze the pattern of suspected ADRs in COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit (ICU).

METHODS
In this cross-sectional study all the individual case study reports of patients admitted to the COVID ICU (August-October 2020) were analyzed for type of ADRs, system involved, suspected drug, onset time, time to revert and management.

RESULTS
Thirty six patients (out of 395 patients admitted) experienced 44 ADRs. Dermatological manifestations were the most frequent ADRs. Remdesivir was the most common drug associated with ADRs. The female gender, polypharmacy (>5 drugs) and presence of comorbidities were the independent risk factors for the occurrence of ADRs.

CONCLUSION
Use of many of these drugs in COVID-19 is experimental and literature does not guarantee the safety and efficacy. During these times of uncertainty, the results from present study reinforce the importance of monitoring patients.


THE MUCOUS membrane in the pyloric region of the stomach may prolapse through the pylorus and thereby cause gastric pains and vomiting. Such a prolapse of the gastric mucosa is generally due to the presence of a stalky tumor, but in rare cases it is caused exclusively by an abnormal redundance and laxness of the mucous membrane in the pyloric region of the stomach. Schmieden 1 seems to have been the first to describe a case of this kind. The patient was a woman, aged 27, with dyspeptic symptoms. At operation on the pyloric region of the stomach, he found a transverse fold of mucous membrane, which he thought could shut off the access to the pylorus in the manner of a valve. More recently cases have been reported by Eliason, Pendergrass and Wright, 2 Meyer and Singer, 3 Pendergrass and Andrews, 4 Rees, 5 Bohrer and Copleman, 6 and


The current status and future potential of III-Nitride semiconductors are reviewed for thermoelectric applications. Promising thermoelectric properties have been shown by the III-Nitride semiconductors both in theoretical and experimental aspects, which are of great importance for high power optoelectronic devices.


From the Late Neolithic in the 6th millennium BC in Carpathian Basin developed circular fortified settlements, some of which in long term eventually grow into settlement mounds, tells. Our modern perception, which is developed from some of extraordinary examples of settlement mounds dominating the landscape, is only partly accurate since only some tells reached a significant height, and they are usually part of the complex settlement structure which surrounds them. Much more stays hidden in landscape and this presentation aims to investigate changing perceptions on Neolithic landscapes in eastern Croatia and to reconsider the dynamics of human-environment interactions. It will also explore possibilities of landscape reconstructions by mapping the specific Neolithic settlements through aerial remote sensing approaches.


This article deals with the allocation of objects where each agent receives a single item. Starting from an initial endowment, the agents can be better off by exchanging their objects. However, not all trades are likely because some participants are unable to communicate. By considering that the agents are embedded in a social network, we propose to study the possible allocations emerging from a sequence of simple swaps between pairs of neighbors in the network. This model raises natural questions regarding (i) the reachability of a given full allocation, (ii) the ability of an agent to obtain a given object, and (iii) the search of Pareto-efficient allocations. We investigate the complexity of these problems by providing, according to the structure of the social network, polynomial and NP-complete cases.