Two cyclopentadienes have been linked in a stereochemically rigid arrangement such that the cyclopentadienes are not coplanar. The key intermediates in the synthesis were tetrakis(methylene)bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-ene (12) or -octane (14). The access to 12 and 14 was investigated in a comparative study including nine different precursors which were expected to lead to the methylene groups by elimination of HX. The best results were obtained with X = mesylate with overall yields of 52% for 12 in three steps and 42% for 14 in four steps. Other leaving groups facilitated the procedures, but more steps were required or the yield was lower. During these studies 21 tetrasubstituted bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-enes and -octanes were obtained and characterized, in particular by the δ(13C) and in most cases the 1J(13C –1H) and δ(1H) values. Both 12 and 14 added CBr2 selectively in that only isomers with two dibromo-(vinyl)cyclopropane fragments per molecule were obtained. One isomer showing C2-symmetry could be isolated from the mixture. After reaction with methyllithium the corresponding linked cyclopentadienes with unsaturated (20) or saturated bridge (21) were obtained and fully characterized. Metallation of 20 and 21 gave the title dianions in quantitative yield.


Preface Acknowledgments Prologue: A Man of Fastidious Reticence Such a Delicate Youth The Insanity Defense Scholars and Universities Gender and Sexuality Religion and the State Law and Order Epilogue: A Contested Legacy Notes Manuscript Sources Selected Bibliography Index


Capturing the evolution mechanism of traffic dynamics is of great significance when alleviating traffic congestion and improving traffic efficiency. While several studies have presented stability analyses of various traffic systems, most have relied on linear analysis methods, which cannot capture the complex nonlinear dynamic behavior of heterogeneous traffic flow. To address this shortcoming, this paper derives a generic Hopf bifurcation structure that can be applied to multiclass traffic models. The proposed bifurcation structure is investigated to understand the characteristics of heterogeneous traffic flow in a connected and autonomous environment as case studies. The results, based on selected on- field calibrated traffic models, show that (i) the linear analysis results deviate significantly from the actual instability of the mixed traffic system, which illustrates the necessity of a bifurcation analysis; and (ii) connected human-driven vehicles and connected autonomous vehicles have the ability to alleviate the formation and propagation of traffic oscillations. Finally, the theoretical analysis results are verified through simulation experiments.


The board of directors is the very core of system of governance for ensuring the responsible management of SOEs. The board of directors as a chief decision-making body of SOEs, has the responsibility for the overall management. The board"s judgment and decisions have direct influence on the management of SOEs. Recently, however, some SOEs have difficulties in management due to the failure of inappropriate business expansion and investment in abroad. These are difficulties that can be avoided if the board made a more cautious and responsible decision about these projects. OECD has proposed specific criteria regarding the composition and operation of board in Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises. In Korea regulations related to the board of directors are stipulated in Act on The Management of SOE. But operation and regulation of board of directors is still vulnerable generally. Especially expertise and operational independence of the board of directors is vulnerable. We can secure effective risk management and responsibility in management through the efficient operation of the board.


We study an eigenvalue problem by a non-smooth critical point theory. Under general assumptions, we prove the existence of at least one solution as a minimum of a constrained energy functional. We apply some results on critical point theory with symmetry to provide a multiplicity result.


Germinomas are the most common variety of germ cell tumors that originate in the central nervous system, and they occur usually in the intracranial midline location such as the pineal gland or suprasellar cistern. In contrast, intramedullary spinal cord germinoma is rare.We report a case of intramedullary spinal cord germinoma with pain in the left lower extremity and urinary retention in an 11-year-old girl. MRI showed the presence of an intramedullary mass between the L1 and L2 vertebrae. We performed a L1-L2 laminectomy and resected this tumor from the spinal cord. We also gave the patient 50 Gy of postoperative radiation at the tumor site, after which the symptoms disappeared.The patient remains disease-free 13 months after treatment.


The current study investigated the association between the acceptability of parentchild aggression, as demonstrated in a new analog measure, and self-reported support for spanking and mothers' child abuse potential. The connection between the analog of acceptability of parent-child aggression and attitudes toward children was also investigated. The Adult Adolescent Parenting Inventory 2 (AAPI-2) Inappropriate Expectations Scale was designated as a measure of attitudes toward children and the Child Abuse Potential Inventory (CAPI) was used as a measure of abuse potential. The Attitudes Toward Spanking/Slapping My Child Scale (ATS) was the self-report measure of acceptability of parent-child aggression. Following a pilot evaluation, the analog ultimately contained eight video segments, three portraying physical discipline and five depicting child physical abuse. Participants were instructed to terminate the video when they considered the scene abusive, based on the idea that longer delay would reflect greater acceptance of parent-child aggression. The analog and self-report measures were administered to a sample of 70 mothers as part of a larger parenting study. Correlational analysis indicated there are significant relationships among mothers' child abuse potential, acceptability of parent-child aggression, and attitudes toward children. Mothers who endorsed attitudes that were more devaluing of children also showed more acceptability of parent-child aggression, when measured with the self-report (ATS) or the analog. The acceptability of parent-child aggression, either with the analog or self-report, was also associated with child abuse potential. Results indicate that the analog measure t


The detection and sensing of biological warfare agents (ricin, anthrax toxin), of disease agents (cholera, botulinum, and tetnus toxins, influenza virus, etc.) and of biologically active species important for national security and disease control.


(cid:1) Emulsion drop sizes measured on a pilot – scale liquid whistle device. (cid:1) Three orders of magnitude of dispersed phase viscosity considered. (cid:1) Drop size scales with pressure drop, drop viscosity and surfactant concentration. (cid:1) Expected regime change from turbulent inertial to turbulent viscous not observed.


The frictional behaviour of a series of numerical 2D granular mass flows down a model topography is analysed. Effective friction coefficients estimated from final deposits are compared with data from documented natural geophysical flows, and show a consistent behaviour as far as run-out distances are concerned. The latter is used to estimate effective friction coefficients which capture well the frictional behaviour derived from the computation of micro-mechanical stress tensors near the gravity centre. Distinguishing between the different parts of the mass while spreading, we show that the downstream part of the flow exhibits a much larger friction than the core and the tail. A dependence between friction and flow volume is however observed in each region.


We consider the reconstruction problem concerning latin squares, sets of mutually orthogonal latin squares as well as linear and equivalent to linear codes in a vector space over a finite field. With regard to this problem we discuss related topics on intersection of combinatorial objects of the same class. An algorithm reconstructing latin squares and its sets is presented. By this way it is shown for q ∈ {3, 4, 5, 7} that the Bose complete set of mutually orthogonal latin squares of order q with 2q − 1 or less blank entries in each square at the same places is reconstructed uniquely. We also point some recently obtained results on the maximum intersection of linear and equivalent to linear codes, and their applications as well.


Starting with an account of historical developments in Japan and Russia, we review inflationary cosmology and its basic predictions in a pedagogical manner. We also introduce the generalized G-inflation model, in terms of which all the known single-field inflation models may be described. This formalism allows us to analyze and compare the many inflationary models that have been proposed simultaneously and within a common framework. Finally, current observational constraints on inflation are reviewed, with particular emphasis on the sensitivity of the inferred constraints to the choice of datasets used.


Several common dynamic reactive compensation filtering device belonging to three different kinds of technologies are introduced.The respective advantage and disadvantage is summarized in accordance with analysis of working principle and features of different device.The structure form and the combined design scheme of MCR device and reactive power filtering branch is described in detail,which has low cost,high reliability,strong availability and wide application prospects.


Study area (500 ha) is located in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. In this area, we acquired multitemporalaerial photographs (ADS40) three times after the rain on winter. Digital Number (DN) of Blue, Green, Red and Near Infrared band were used to analyze. To analyze the relationship between each band DN and soil moisture, mass soil water content of 0-5cm depth was determined using the 100ml core sample at 22 sites on shooting date. And to verify our classification of the drainage and wetness, volumetric soil water content was monitored using TDR sensor (Decagon, ECH2O) at 5cm, 10cm and 20 cm depth at 16 sites. First, optimum band was selected from correlation analysis of mass soil water content and DN. Next, optimum band DN of three aerial photographs at field area was grouped by cluster analysis (ISODATA method). We found a good positive correlation between mass soil water content and red band DN, by selecting optimum bands. 17 groups were found from cluster analysis using three aerial photographs with different soil moisture conditions. After that, we classified them into five levels of field drainage based on red band DN values. We generated maps of drainage/wetness based on these results. We compared volumetric soil water content at the monitoring site for the "Dry" and "Wet" points, water was drained quickly at the "Dry" site but it needed more than 1 week the volume soil water content back to revert before rain at the "Wet" site. By the result, we positively verified our classification. We used three aerial photographs with different soil moisture conditions as proxy of top soil moisture content. It is thought to be an indication of drainage/wetness. Generally, estimating soil water content at field scale from a remote sensing data was difficult. But this method can classify the study area relatively. We think it is enough as a soil information for farmers.


In this thesis, inverse optimal control problems are modeled, solution strategies are analyzed and numerical results are discussed. The human motions considered in the examples are assumed to be (approximately) optimal with respect to an unknown cost function. The goal of the inversion is to find this cost function using a suitable setting. The solution method combines a collocation approach and a reformulation of the resulting bilevel-problem using optimality conditions.


Semiconductor products utilized in the automotive application need to be in high quality and more robust to ensure safe driving for the user.Thus,the semiconductor product manufacturers are moving toward zero defects target to gain the upper hand of the automotive market. One of the targets is to eliminate defects related to the die attach process.Epoxy glue void formation at the chip/substrate interface happens when multi nozzle shower is used for the glue distribution as an adhesive layer. The epoxy unable to flow uniformly,thus air is trapped in the epoxy layer at the chip/substrate interface.The current study investigates the effect of the shower head nozzles' separation (wall space) on the epoxy void formation and die shear strength.It was found that the nozzle separation has a significant and positive correlation on the void formation,but not on the shear
strength of the die attach chip/substrate interface.Thus, it is recommended that the nozzles'separation (wall space) dimension to be increased by reducing quantity of nozzle used in order to reduce the void percentage to be equal or less than five percent.


A number of fragments from four Hellenistic wreaths were studied
in order to better understand their manufacture and to identify
suitable conservation treatment (Asderaki 2001). They were
excavated during rescue work by the 13th Ephorate of
Prehistorical and Classical Antiquities at the cemetery of ancient
Demetrias in Magnesia, Central Greece. Three of the wreaths
studied date to the early 3rd century BC, and one to the late 2nd
century BC. Sampling was governed by the availability of fragments
remaining from the conservation process, and analytical
methods were chosen to provide as much insight as possible into
the production and corrosion of these wreaths. In this paper, we
concentrate on the gilding practices as well as manufacture techniques
identified in the samples.
The wreaths were made to a high standard of craftsmanship,
using often high quality material: ample gold leaf, cinnabar pigment
and a pure kaolinite gesso. This use of high quality raw
materials matches the relative scarcity of the wreaths among the
overall number of tombs excavated: only about one percent yielded
remains of these ornamental items. However, despite their relative
scarcity, they appear to have been made on a regular scale,
using standardised methods and primary raw materials rather
than merely recycling circulating metal and working on a semiskilled
ad-hoc level of craftsmanship


A four-channel photon counting system has been constructed for the measurement of Raman difference spectra. In this work we will describe the applications and advantages of such a system. Specifically, the simultaneous measurement of the parallel and perpendicular polarized compounds of the Raman spectra of both benzene and a mixture of benzene and benzene-d6 will be discussed. Spectra of two different mixtures of benzene and carbon disulfide and of the pure components were also recorded simultaneously using the four separate channels of the photon counting system. For both sets of data the solvent-induced frequency shifts were determined with very high accuracy.


Abstract Pastoral care of sexual diversity is primarily understood as a relational context in which Black people develop their understanding of Black sexuality as a integral part of human life, including spirituality, relationships, and physical expressions. Emphasis is placed on developing a language for understanding Black sexuality that takes into consideration African naturalism, Greco-Roman Christian sexual orthodoxy, and racial sexual stereotypes. The essence of this approach to pastoral care is the creation of a safe environment in which people can come to understand and develop a language of Black sexuality. This presentation will pursue a narrative understanding of developing a language of Black sexual diversity.


This paper reports a flexible piezoresistive shear and normal force sensor based on eutectic gallium–indium (EGaIn) with fabrication and testing results, which includes further study on the hysteresis analysis in the normal force direction. By using EGaIn as a gauge material, it can detect force on a flexible and stretchable substrate without breaking the gauge wires. However, the liquid-metal gauge wire needs to be packaged and protected in an elastomeric substrate, which creates hysteresis on the sensed resistance with respect to the change of applied force. This paper shows measurement results in static force and also under different speeds of loading force cycles. The relationship between the applied normal force and hysteresis of signal was observed, mainly owing to larger deformation and slower recovering time of the elastomeric substrate that defines the shape of the liquid-metal gauge wire for resistance measurement.


In this paper, a switched sliding mode control(SSMC) method with three sliding surfaces is proposed for a class of uncertain affine nonlinear systems. The system extended dynamic space is divided into three subspaces by the three sliding surfaces. The sliding region consists of two subspaces. The sliding region satisfies the reaching condition and the sliding condition with appropriate switching rules and switching gains. By using SSMC, the control law is discontinuous only within a certain range near the origin while the switching gain of the control law is reduced. Such characteristic is beneficial to suppress the chattering phenomenon. For practical application, a feasible design method is also designed which can guarantee system states ultimately bounded stable. By adjusting the design parameters, the size of the ultimate bound can be adjusted. Simulation results show that SSMC has high control precision while suppressing chattering.


Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems have been explored in a few studies for non–intensive care unit (ICU) patients (1–3). During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE) became a concern. On 1 April 2020, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced it would not object to the use of CGM systems to assist with COVID-19 patient monitoring (4). This study was conducted to explore the feasibility of using CGM in noncritically ill patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

Non-ICU adult COVID-19–positive patients receiving subcutaneous insulin injection and point of care (POC) glucose testing (Accu-Chek Inform II) were eligible to participate. Exclusion criteria included unstable glucose levels (POC glucose 350 mg/dL) at entry, hypotension, significant edema, being on dialysis, being postsurgical or with planned surgery/computed tomography/MRI, and taking hydroxyurea, ascorbic acid, or acetaminophen >1 g every 6 h. Participants gave informed consent. The protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board at the University of Illinois at Chicago.

Dexcom G6 sensor was placed in the lower abdomen by the team physician. iPhone 5S was used as a receiver, placed at the patient's door. The data were transmitted to the Dexcom Follow app in the smartphone at the nurses' station and the investigator's smart devices. Participants continued to …


In this experiment,3-Aminobenzenesulfonic acid(3-ABSA) was synthesized by catalyzing the hydrogenation of 3-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid(3-NBSA)with modified raney Ni catalyst.The process parameters were optimized and the cycle using ability of catalyst was assessed in the synthesis.As conclusions,the converted ratio and selectivity to 3-Aminobenzenesulfonic acid were more than 99 % under adding catalyst 2.5 % at 2 MPa and 60~80 ℃,and the catalyst was reused over 6 times when added 0.5 %~0.7 % in each test and kept the yield ratio over 99 %.


This essay raises a reflection on how the way in which the various economic activities were developed in the Border City, Ciudad Juarez, in Chihuahua, influenced the infrastructure, insecurity and poor planning of public spaces in the city. Likewise, it exposes how this affects its inhabitants, especially women, and other vulnerable groups, and raises the urgency of new approaches to seek solutions that improve the quality of life of those who inhabit it and make use of urban spaces.


Obstetrics & Gynecology: PreTest(t) Self-Assessment & Review, 12th Ed. Obstetrics 1. Preconception Counseling, Genetics, and Prenatal Diagnosis 2. Maternal-Fetal Physiology and Placentation 3. Antepartum Care and Fetal Surveillance 4. Obstetrical Complications of Pregnancy 5. Medical and Surgical Complications of Pregnancy 6. Normal and Abnormal Labor and Delivery 7. The Puerperium, Lactation, and Immediate Care of the Newborn Gynecology 8. Preventive Care and Health Maintenance 9. Benign and Malignant Disorders of the Breast and Pelvis 10. Infertility, Endocrinology, and Menstrual Dysfunction 11. Pelvic Relaxation and Urology 12. Human Sexuality and Contraception 13. Sexual Abuse and Domestic Violence 14. Ethical and Legal Issues in Obstetrics and Gynecology Bibliography Index


Abstract Introduction: During dismembered pyeloplasty, anterior crossing vessels are usually transposed posteriorly before anastomosis. However, recent studies on minimally invasive dismembered pye...


DISCUSSION Onychomatricoma (OM) is a rare, benign, subungual tumor of fibroepithelial cells in the nail matrix. First described in 1992 by Baran and Kint, it is the only tumor in which nail plate changes result from digitiform projections arising from the matrix.1,2 Fewer than 80 cases are reported in the literature. Women are more commonly affected than men, with a peak incidence in the fifth decade. It is often slow growing and painless.2 A clinical tetrad of OM has been described by Perrin et al, which includes xanthonychia, ungual hyperkeratosis, splinter hemorrhages, and longitudinal or transverse overcurvature of the nail plate.3–6 Differential diagnoses may include fibrokeratoma of the nail matrix, onychomycosis, squamous cell carcinoma, Bowen disease, verruca vulgaris, nail fibroma, glomus tumor, and digital mucous cyst.2 Treatment is through surgical excision, and prognosis is often good.5 Depending on the extent of the tumor, regrowth of nail plate may occur with or without dystrophy after complete excision of the tumor.2 Characteristic findings of clinical examination, dermoscopy, histopathology with or without immunohistochemical staining, and/or radiographic imaging may be helpful in establishing the diagnosis of this rare entity. Common clinical features with frequencies in a series of 30 cases described by Di Chiacchio et al are as follows: increased nail thickness (83%), splinter hemorrhages (80%), longitudinal xanthonychia (73%), increased transverse curvature of the nail (50%), erythema and swelling at the proximal nail fold (50%), woodworm-like cavities of the free edge of the nail plate (43%), pain during nail compression (30%), and longitudinal melanonychia (23%).4 Dermoscopy findings may include perforations in the distal nail plate, splinter hemorrhages, and longitudinal parallel white ridges.2,4–6 Ultrasonography may reveal hypoechogenicity near the tumor and hyperechogenicity near the finger-like projections.2 Magnetic resonance imaging may show low uptake near the mail matrix and high uptake near the distal, finger-like projections.2 Onychomatricoma has 2 anatomic zones with distinct histology. The proximal zone, which corresponds to the area beneath the proximal nail fold extending from the root of the nail to the cuticle clinically, shows deep epithelial invagination filled with keratin, a thickened nail plate with ungual spurs near the inferior border, and a fibrillar stroma. The distal zone, which corresponds to the lunula clinically, contains multiple finger-like digitations surrounded by matrix epithelium, perforation of the distal nail plate with multiple cavities filled with serous fluid, and areas of connective tissue that deeply penetrate the stroma.1,6 Ungual nail clipping may reveal thickening of the nail plate with cavities filled with serous material and a thin layer of epithelium on the periphery.2 Immunohistochemical examination may reveal diffuse positive expression of CD10 (onychodermis marker) and CD34 (fibroblast-like mesenchymal cell marker) in the stroma of the OM, negative periodic acid–Schiff staining for fungal element, and cytokeratin positivity of cystic content.2,5 Nail abnormalities in the setting of vitiligo were described by Topal et al7 and were noted to be more prevalent in patients with vitiligo than in the control group. Common nail abnormality findings in the setting of vitiligo include longitudinal ridging, leukonychia, absent lunula, onycholysis, nail bed pallor, onychomycosis, splinter hemorrhage, and nail plate thinning.7 Although the association of cutaneous malignancy with vitiligo is still unclear, vitiligo seems to have a protective effect against melanoma.8 Few cases of OM have been reported in the literature, especially in the setting of other dermatologic comorbidities. We present a case of OM in a 72-year-old woman with extensive vitiligo. Although other nail findings can be seen in patients with vitiligo, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of OM in the setting of vitiligo.


The results are reported of a study that compared the risk characteristics of convicted first and multiple DUI offenders. Subjects (n=1,361), recruited from California DUI offender programs, completed the comprehensive Health Attitudes and Practices Survey. Logistic regression analysis of 24 predictor variables identified 13 statistically significant predictors of offender status. As expected, the analysis indicated significantly higher alcohol-problem severity among multiple offenders.


The recent paper by Cameron et al 1 raises some underlying issues regarding antidepressant prescribing for older adults.

The study indicated that 'all adult patients' were eligible to participate. However, the mean age was 48 years (SD = 18 years). This suggests that almost no participants were over the age of 65 years. The study also stated 'detected participants tended to be younger'.

Our concerns are twofold. Firstly, …


The Autonomous precision Landing and Hazard Avoidance Technology (ALHAT) project has developed a suite of prototype sensors for enabling autonomous and safe precision land- ing of robotic or crewed vehicles on solid solar bodies under varying terrain lighting condi- tions. The sensors include a Lidar-based Hazard Detection System (HDS), a multipurpose Navigation Doppler Lidar (NDL), and a long-range Laser Altimeter (LAlt). Preparation for terrestrial ight testing of ALHAT onboard the Morpheus free- ying, rocket-propelled ight test vehicle has been in progress since 2012, with ight tests over a lunar-like ter- rain eld occurring in Spring 2014. Signi cant work e orts within both the ALHAT and Morpheus projects has been required in the preparation of the sensors, vehicle, and test facilities for interfacing, integrating and verifying overall system performance to ensure readiness for ight testing. The ALHAT sensors have undergone numerous stand-alone sensor tests, simulations, and calibrations, along with integrated-system tests in special- ized gantries, trucks, helicopters and xed-wing aircraft. A lunar-like terrain environment was constructed for ALHAT system testing during Morpheus ights, and vibration and thermal testing of the ALHAT sensors was performed based on Morpheus ights prior to ALHAT integration. High- delity simulations were implemented to gain insight into integrated ALHAT sensors and Morpheus GN&C system performance, and command and telemetry interfacing and functional testing was conducted once the ALHAT sensors and electronics were integrated onto Morpheus. This paper captures some of the details and lessons learned in the planning, preparation and integration of the individual ALHAT sen- sors, the vehicle, and the test environment that led up to the joint ight tests.


Background
 Acute Leukaemia (AL) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder caused by somatic mutations and acquired chromosomal translocations. Translocations can lead to the formation of fusion genes such as the MLL/AF9 fusion, which results from the t(9;11)(p22;q23).
 A better understanding the molecular pathophysiology of AML, of the mechanisms of treatment resistance, disease relapse can be achieved by developing animal models. The MLL/AF9 fusion is frequently used to model AML in mice. However, to date, no MLL/AF9 leukemia models in zebrafish have been reported.
 Aim
 Our aim was to establish a transgenic zebrafish leukemia model using the human MLL/AF9 fusion gene.
 Methods
 To generate transgenic fish, two constructs (pTol2-Runx1+23: MLL-AF9-IRES-EGFP-cmlc-GFP and pTol2-Runx1+23: MLL-AF9-IRES-mCherry-cmlc-GFP) were injected together with Tol2 transposase mRNA into one-cell stage zebrafish embryos. We used the murine Runx1+23 enhancer to direct MLL/AF9 expression to hematopoietic stem cells and EGFP or mCherry as fluorescent markers. We selected transgenic embryos 24 hours post-fertilization based on the heart marker expression (cmlc).
 Results
 29% (100 of 340 embryos) of the transgenics reached adulthood (6 weeks). After 6 to 24 months, 77% (77) of them developed signs of sickness. They became less active with protruding eyes and hump formation on the nose. Some started bleeding from the gills and/or showed tumor formation around the abdomen and head. Sick fish were euthanized and dissected. The autopsies showed pale and dysmorphic kidneys, pale and enlarged spleens, and in some cases white granular spots on the spleen. Histological sections revealed increased kidney, spleen, and liver cellularity with massive cellular infiltration of cells in these organs. In flow cytometry, kidney marrow cells from the transgenic fish showed a different forward scatter (FSC) and side scatter (SSC) profile compared to that of the normal zebrafish kidney marrow cells.
 The transgenic F 0 zebrafish showed increased numbers of lymphoid cells (12 fish), precursor cells (9 fish), or myeloid cells (6 fish). Peripheral blood smears showed many intermediate-sized mononuclear cells with an increased nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, with nuclei containing dipsersed chromatin and inconspicuous nucleoli resembling blasts. There were occasional myelocytes and no mature granulocytes. These data are consistent with the development of acute leukemia in our MLL/AF9 transgenic fish. Whole-mount in situ hybridization (WISH) was performed on F 1 embryos. RNA probes for early hematopoietic markers (gata1, scl, runx1, ikaros, cmyb, mpx, and lyz) were hybridized to 24 and 48 hpf F1 transgenic embryos. There were expression changes of these markers compared to age-matched wild-type larvae, including low expression of gata1, scl, cmyb and high expression of lyz, mpx and ikaros in the caudal hematopoietic organ.
 We also performed transplantation experiments with the kidney marrow cells from diseased fish to test whether the disease was transplantable. The disease was serially transplantable into secondary and tertiary recipient fish. Transplanted fish had a significantly shorter latency to disease development of only 2 to 6 weeks. The morphological evidence and the serial transplantability of the disease proves that we have in fact succeeded in establishing an MLL/AF9-driven acute leukemia model in zebrafish.
 The long latency and incomplete penetrance observed in our F 0 MA9 zebrafish, along with a shorter latency in the transplanted fish, suggests that additional somatic mutations are required for leukemogenesis in this model. We performed whole exome sequencing to find cooperating somatic mutations and RNASeq to identify differentially expressed genes in MA9 leukemia fish.
 Whole exome sequencing on six samples identified putative somatic mutations in genes such as Stat5, Cyp2j20, Ms4a17a.3, Tapbp.1 and Herc5.3, which have been reported to be mutated in human cancer. RNA-seq analysis on seven samples showed 67 differentially expressed genes with a q value < 0.05 (e.g., cxcl32b.1, myof1, ctdsp2, egr3, il2rb) and nine enriched pathways with a P-value of < 0.054 (e.g.: KRAS, TP53, MEK) in our transgenic leukemic MLL/AF9 fish.
 Conclusion
 Our MLL/AF9 zebrafish acute leukemia model will be a helpful tool to understand leukemia biology and enable testing of new therapeutic strategies.

 Browett: AbbVie: Honoraria; Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; MSD: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.


A transcription by the Editor of the program presented at the Dairy Split Session II during the AABP Nineteenth Annual Convention, Louisville, Kentucky on Friday, November 21, 1986.


Since congestion of traffic is ubiquitous in the modern city, optimizing the behavior of traffic lights for efficient traffic flow is a critically important goal. However,agents often select only locally optimal actions without coordinating their neighbor intersections. In this paper, an urban road traffic area-wide coordination control algorithm based on collaborative Q-learning is proposed. The agent model of traffic intersections is demonstrated. The algorithm substantially reduces average vehicular delay by using a collaborative Q-learning algorithm and can cooperative control of multiple intersections to achieve a near optimal control policy. The computer simulation results show that the control algorithm can effectively reduce the average delay time and play a very good control effect with multi-intersections, so the coordination method used in this paper is effective.


According to the content of "Outline of Middle to Long Term Science and Technology Development Plan of China", the inland water transportation will be developed greatly in our country from 2005 to 2020. On the basis of the "Outline of Development", this paper discusses basis problems about water transportation development of lower reaches of the Yangtze River and makes a thorough study on these problems. This paper analyzes important problems on the future development of the Yangtze River water transportation in macro and micro respects. The results provide basis for development of Yangtze River water transportation.


In "The Question Concerning Technology," Heidegger allows the extreme danger of technology to come to light: "the coming to presence of technology threatens revealing, threatens it with the possi bility that all revealing will be consumed in ordering and that everything wiU present itself only in the unconcealedness of standing-reserve" (1977,315). Yet according to Hoelderlin, "where the danger is, grows the saving power also. "The saving power can be fostered only in a realm which is, on the one hand, akin to the essence of technology and, on the other, fundamentally different from it. Such a realm is art. For technol ogy and art essentially belong to techne as ways of revealing, ways of bringing forth truth. Thus Heidegger concludes that art is the realm of being which is primally claimed to foster the saving power in its


The 14th Inter-medical School Physiology Quiz (IMSPQ) competition had 81 medical schools from 24 countries. Analyses of the written responses at the 14th IMSPQ from a total of 334 students provide a useful teaching and learning insights. These observations, highlighted here, were gleaned from (i) the questions with most correct answers, (ii) the most unanswered questions, and (iii) the most wrongly answered questions. The IMSPQ is a unique annual physiology event that provides a global sampling of students′ appreciation and understanding of core concepts in physiology.


Noroviruses cause acute gastroenteritis in humans with outbreaks occurring in a variety of settings. It is important that all nurses are aware of this infectious disease and how to report it, and understand the management of patients with this condition.


In this study, we adopted the AR (p)-cum-volume & EGARCH (1,1)-M-cum- volume model to explore the mixture of distributions hypothesis (MDH), and risk-return-volume relationship in the Taiwan stock market. This model features simultaneously examining five hypotheses as well as the ability to probe into whether or not the stock markets conforms to the Clarks' (1973) MDH. These hypotheses: (H1) contemporaneous volume effects daily stock return; (H2) daily stock volatility appears the phenomena of clustering and persistence; (H3) stock return volatility appears an asymmetry effect, showing the leverage effect; (H4) contemporaneous volume effects to the conditional volatility of the daily stock return; (H5) daily stock return appears risk premium. The objects of this study were the top 25 listed stocks based on the ETF 50 value in the Taiwan stock market. According to the result of our research, we observed that, on the Taiwan stock market, the daily stock return volatility is with the phenomena of clustering and persistence, and the said conditional volatility appears asymmetric. We also found, for most of the stocks, the contemporaneous volume appears a significant direct proportion to the daily stock return and the conditional volatility. This finding supports the existing of the risk premium. The results of our study support that the Taiwan stock market can be predicated by Clarks' (1973) mixture of distributions hypothesis.


The process of producing fermented wolfberry fruit yellow wine belongs to the field of fermentation brewing technology. Before fermentation and during fermentation, wolfberry fruit slurry with citric acid and vitamin C in certain amount is added for fermentation in common. The fermented wolfberry fruit yellow wine has color of wolfberry fruit, rich nutrients, and high physical and chemical indexes.


Significant differences were observed among groundnut cultivars in response to aluminium toxicity. Genotypes, K-134, GG-2, ICGV-86031, JL-24, TCGS-29, TCGS-33, TCGS-35, TMV-2, TPT-3, Polachi red were susceptible to aluminium toxicity and TAG-24, TCGP-5, TCGP-6, TCGP-7, TCGP-10, JL-220, TCGS-34, ICGS-44, ICGS-76 and TPT-1 were found moderately resistant.


We present the main theoretical aspects of the quantum mechanical string+P0 model of polarized quark fragmentation for pseudoscalar and vector meson production. The model is an extension of the Lund string fragmentation model that systematically includes the quark spin degree of freedom assuming the P0 mechanism of quark pair production at string breaking. The recently achieved introduction of vector mesons accounts for the spin correlations between the latter and the quark of the fragmentation chain. The string+P0 model reproduces transverse spin effects such as the Collins effect and the dihadron asymmetry, and longitudinal spin effects such as the jet handedness.


Since Premier Wen Jia-bao presented a new concept of Sensing China in inspecting Wuxi Internet Industry of Things Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences in August 2009, internet of thins has been officially classified as the one of five new strategic industries. The higher vocational colleges of training high-end professionals should actively on economic structure adjustment and demand to talented person industrial upgrade, from the orientation, training mode, specialty structure, and curriculum setting, to open specialty of application in internet of things for the shortages of internet of thins specialty in China.


Plastic waste especially plastic bags have not been widely reused or recycled so that the amount increases polluting the environment every day. One way to overcome this problem is by utilizing plastic waste into paving blocks as a substitute for cement. The problem is how the composition of plastic and sand. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of using LDPE waste into a mixture of sand with ratios of 1:3, 1:5, and 1:7 with heating temperature of 200°C to the compressive strength and density of sand/LDPE composites. Based on the results of the study, the highest average compressive strength was resulted by the sample which has a ratio of 1:3 plastic and sand with 3mm sand grain and a heating temperature of 200°C which is equal to 32.7MPa. While the lowest average compressive strength was obtained by the sample which has a ratio of 1:7 plastic and sand, 3mm granules and temperature 200°C with a compressive strength of 12.0 (MPa). Increasing the mixture of plastic and sand 1:3, 1:5, 1:7 in which of the followed by increasing of density of the sample.


For improving the simulation accuracy of circadian lighting, a workflow was established to first calibrate the simulation model under electric lighting followed by validation with integrated daylighting and electric lighting. A case study was conducted in a daylit office, with the evident impact of varying lighting parameters (light level, intensity, SPD, reflectance) on the simulation accuracy. In the fully calibrated model, the simulated and field-measured SPDs are highly correlated (rSPD ≥ 0.9), providing the acceptable accuracy of the simulated melanopic/photopic(M/P) ratio with the error rate (MBErel) less than 4% and residual deviation (RMSErel) within 7%. The MBErel and RMSErel of corneal illuminance (EV), EML, and CS are within 10% and 20%, respectively. The ratio of data points with the residual rate (e) less than 20% is over 75% in the calibration and validation phases. Conclusively, the proposed procedure could help prepare for further analysis of circadian light exposure.


Among the various proposals for quantum network design, the trusted node model is still the most flexible one for deliveryof messages over arbitrary long distances. However, the outstanding security features of these networks are equally welldefeated by the trusted relay. In brief this means, that messages sent over a certain node become completely insecure assoon as the node is compromised and the attacker hence knows the keys stored within this node. In this paper we propose asimple technique to reduce the damage in case of a compromised node. More precisely we will show, that none of the messageshandled by the compromised node becomes insecure, as long as the compromised node is shut down in a certain time intervalafter detecting the attack. Additionally, our approach reduces the memory needed to store key material inside the nodes by50%, whilst increasing security.


The reported incidence of mumps has declined steadily for the past 15 years, but the Centers for Disease Control reports an increase in incidence for 1986. Nearly 500 …


Bacterial wilt, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, causes severe losses to tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L). Current management measures are not fully effective. Grafting with resistant rootstocks may be an effective strategy for managing the disease. However, R. solanacearum populations maintain considerable diversity, and little information is known regarding the efficacy of available rootstocks for use in grafting to reduce bacterial wilt incidence and subsequent crop loss. Tomato belongs to family Solanaceae which includes other well-known species, such as eggplant (aubergine), peppers, tobacco and potato. The objective of this study was to identify bacterial wilt resistant germplasm that can be used as rootstocks in tomato grafting. The potential candidates for the study included species that belong to solanaceae family. Rootstocks included tomato cultivar Mt56, Eggplant (Solanum melongena), Capsicum and Sodom apple (Solanum incarnum). Tomato cultivars Anna F1 and Cal J were used as sources of scions. Diseased plants were collected from farmers' fields and bacterial inoculum isolated using CPG Medium with TZC used to identify distinct colonies of R.solanacearum. The inoculum was applied on the test plants by injecting into the soil planted with tomatoes. Disease severity data was recorded using 0 to 5 scoring scale. Data was subjected to ANOVA using Genstat version 15 and significantly different treatment means separated using LSD at P < 0.05. Solanum melongena, Solanum incarnum and tomato cultivar (Mt56) did not develop infection while tomato cultivar Anna F1 and Cal J (used as positive controls) and Capsicum developed infection. It was concluded that resistant germplasm to bacterial wilt exists and can be utilized to graft susceptible tomato cultivars and contribute to management of bacterial wilt.


Western music, it is argued, is a cultural invention, and resulting behaviours are learned from the culturally disseminated memesemanating from Homer, through the historical development of western culture through the High Renaissance, and on to Hollywood and our modern entertainment media. These memes concern semantic systems for both the intentions of musicians and the expected behaviour of listeners. In which case, it is argued, studies of western musical behaviour are, in effect, studies of the extent of the cultural assimilation which has occurred in the individual or group. Experimental evidence is cited suggesting that there may be innate, perhaps universal, proclivities for cross-modal integration which provided the platform for the western musical semiotic to evolve. Cognitive psychology has tended to ignore the cultural origins of musical behaviour in its focus on structures, and recent sociological concerns in music and music psychology are concerned more with the social mechanics of identity and meaning construction than with the cultural source of such constructions. This article suggests that there would be nothing to construct without cultural memes transmitted over time and place.


In this paper a soft fault diagnosis technique of analog linear circuits is presented. A Simulation-Before- Test (SBT) approach is used, where the fault dictionary is designed by circuit signatures obtained using ARX model identification.


The purpose of this article is to develop a relationship marketing model for performing arts organisations. A theoretical approach is combined with an empirical base in which 150 performing arts organisations in all regions of Spain participated. Two profiles of organisations are found (i.e., cooperating and audience), based on the organisation's orientation toward relationships.


Twenty-four new field measurements of elevation of Provo level and Bonneville level shoreline terraces provide data for reanalysis of isostatic rebound in the Lake Bonneville basin. Analysis of the differential rebound between the Provo shoreline (maximum rebound of 43 m) and the Bonneville shoreline (maximum rebound of 69 m) requires that the latter be an equilibrium shoreline. Within the possible measurement errors, the Provo shoreline formed after the elastic lithosphere had attained at least 91% equilibration to the removal of the water load between the Bonneville and Provo shorelines; within the errors the Provo may also represent an equilibrium shoreline. From the new data presented in this paper, the best estimate of the upper limit of effective viscosity of the uppermost mantle, assuming a half-space model and a 2000-year time interval between the Bonneville and Provo shorelines, is 2 × 1019 N s m−2 (2 × 1020 P). In addition, comparison of shoreline rebound profiles, for both shorelines, with theoretical plate flexure models indicates that the mean flexural rigidity of the Basin and Range lithosphere in this region is 1 × 1023 N m, or slightly less.


Omalizumab has been shown to be a very effective drug in chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) improving patients' quality of life.1 Phase III clinical trials ASTERIA I/II and GLACIAL showed respectively 58.8-52.4% of patients achieving a twice daily average Urticaria Activity Score 7 (UAS7td)≤6 at week 12.2 Outside of clinical trials, the response varies between 77-83%.3 However, some patients do not achieve well-controlled activity of the disease with the licensed dose of omalizumab (300mg/4 weeks). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) has recently been reported to be a new, clinically feasible and safe physiological pacing strategy. The present study aims to investigate the usefulness of LBBAP in reducing mechanical dyssynchrony compared with right ventricular septal pacing (RVSP).


The land use change in Bogor regency need to be studied, since it acts as a water buffer zone for the sorrounding area, which includes the capital city of Jakarta. This study aims to analyze the land use changes in Bogor Regency using the gradient boosting tree model. Landsat 7 and 8 imageries of Bogor area in 2008, 2011, 2014, and 2017 are used as the case study. The images are cropped into sub-district level and classified into four classes, which are green area, partial green area, impervious land, and partial impervious land. By comparing two images of classification result between two different years, the land use changes can be determined. This study shows that most land use changes from 2008 to 2017 occur in Sukamakmur sub-district with a percentage of 69.31% (134.0757 km2). Based on the type of land, most land use changes are from impervious area to green area.


METHODS: sectional SLE patients recruited Patients divided into three groups: Group (I) Ten patients without clinical or laboratory evidence of lupus nephritis(LN), Group (II) Fifteen patients with evident active LN before starting the Immunosuppressive induction regimen and Group (III) Twenty patients with LN with remission either partial or complete. Patients with diabetes mellitus, uncontrolled hypertension, fever or acute infection, heart failure or Malignancy were excluded. Global score of SLE activity and renal activity score were assessed by Systemic Lupus Activity Measure (SLAM) Index. The SLAM covers symptoms that occurred during the previous month.Laboratory investigations included (C.B.C, serum creatinine, blood urea and serum albumin. ANA, Anti DNA titer, C3 and C4, Urine analysis and Urinary Albumin /creatinine ratio. Urinary podocin quantification by enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) using kit RESULTS: 45 patients with mean age 27.71 6 6.77 year, 43(95.6%) were females, mean of serum creatinine 0.84 6 0.24 mg/dl, SLAM renal score activity was zero in group I, 2.07 6 0.46 CONCLUSIONS: Urinary Podocin is significantly correlated to renal and global activity of SLE with highly sensitivity and specificity and may be considered as a marker Effectiveness RESULTS: the use of an abdominal ultrasound, diagnosis of urinary tract neoplasm was made in 8 patients, urolithiasis in 15, and hydronephrosis and renal atrophy were recorded in 11 and 3 patients, respectively. In 58 patients none of the aforementioned abnormalities were found. When the definitive diagnoses were established, urinary tract neoplasms were found in 5 patients, urolithiasis in 13, diagnosis of hydronephrosis was made in 11 and renal atrophywith a decrease in GFR in 3 patients. Absence of previously mentioned diagnoses was recorded in 58 cases. Sensitivity of an abdominal ultrasound examination in 4 categories of abnormalities found was 80% and its specificity 86%. In the case of screening for patients with hydronephrosis, abdominal showed sensitivity of 92%, and specificity of 100%. To the contrary, in screening for urinary tract neoplasms, sensitivity was 63% and specificity 50%. of examination; however, its ability for screening is limited. In hydronephrosis screening, ultrasound shows satisfactory results; nonetheless, urinary tract neoplasm and urolithiasis are easier to overlook. In conclusion, these results suggest that abdominal ultrasound is not a reliable method in secondary screening of asymptomatic patients with microhematuria.


We present the spectro-timing analysis of the black hole binary system GX 339-4 using AstroSat data extracted at the beginning of outbursts in 2017 and 2019. The joint spectral fitting of LAXPC and SXT data revealed that the source was in a faint low/hard state for both 2017 and 2019 observations with a nearly equal photon index of ∼1.57 and ∼1.58 and with Eddington ratio, L/LEdd , of 0.0011 and 0.0046 respectively. The addition of a reflection component into the spectral modelling improved the fit (∆χ ≈ 6 for 2017 and ∆χ ≈ 7 for 2019), pointing towards the presence of weak reflection features arising due to irradiation of the accretion disk. The power density spectrum (PDS) consisted of strong band-limited noise with a break at low frequencies, described with a combination of few zero-centered Lorentzian. The fitting revealed a low-frequency break at ∼6 mHz for 2017 and at ∼11 mHz for 2019 observation, whose detection is validated by results from independent detectors (LAXPCs and SXT). The break frequency is roughly consistent with results obtained from earlier observations that showed an evolution of the frequency with flux, which is in accordance with the truncated disk model. Associating the break frequency with viscous time scale of the accretion disk, we estimated a truncation radius of ∼93 and ∼61 gravitational radius for 2017 and 2019 observation, respectively.


Background Pressure ulcers (PUs) are considered a serious problem in nursing care and require preventive measures. Many risk assessment methods are currently being used, but most require the collection of data not available on admission. Although nurses assess the Nursing Needs Score (NNS) on a daily basis in Japanese acute care hospitals, these data are primarily used to standardize the cost of nursing care in the public insurance system for appropriate nurse staffing, and have never been used for PU risk assessment. Objective The objective of this study was to predict the risk of PU development using only data available on admission, including the on-admission NNS score. Methods Logistic regression was used to generate a prediction model for the risk of developing PUs after admission. A random undersampling procedure was used to overcome the problem of imbalanced data. Results A combination of gender, age, surgical duration, and on-admission total NNS score (NNS group B; NNS-B) was the best predictor with an average sensitivity, specificity, and area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 69.2% (6920/100), 82.8% (8280/100), and 84.0% (8400/100), respectively. The model with the median AUC achieved 80% (4/5) sensitivity, 81.3% (669/823) specificity, and 84.3% AUC. Conclusions We developed a model for predicting PU development using gender, age, surgical duration, and on-admission total NNS-B score. These results can be used to improve the efficiency of nurses and reduce the number of PU cases by identifying patients who require further examination.


Population greatly affects sustainable development of economy.Human resources distribution interacts with sustainable development.Problems in human resources distribution of Western China are that supply exceeds demand but the structure is unreasonable.Countermeasures such as population control,population quality improvement,population structure adjustment have to be taken so as to promote the sustainable economic development of the Western China.


With the growing interest in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) complemented by its high functionality and easy accessibility, UAVs are now applied to a variety of fields from delivery services to military surveillance. As much as it holds potential in various positive applications, UAV-associated threats on sensitive facilities and public safety with its increased involvement in illegal activities and terrorist attacks have triggered active research in Counter-Uav(cuav) systems. The velocity of UAVs has a large impact on the collision distance between UAVs and facilities of importance, and with malicious intent, it could cause a disastrous outcome. In this paper, we propose a UAV threat assessment algorithm that classifies the threat level of UAVs based on the velocity change and distance from the facility of importance. The proposed algorithm was tested and compared with our previous algorithm through simulation. From the simulation results, we were able to confirm that analyzing the velocity and the type of velocity variation of a UAV based on its distance from the target can improve the accuracy of UAV threat assessment compared to our previous study that only utilized the different type of velocity variations. The results of this research are expected to be utilized in CUAV systems on predicting the threat of hostile UAVs and securing mitigation time to the posed threat, and research should further be continued on the velocity factor of UAV threat analysis.


This research was conducted to determine the perceptions of prospective elementary mathematics teachers and prospective secondary mathematics teachers on the use of technology in mathematics teaching. Non-experimental survey method, which is among quantitative approaches, was used in the research. The sample of the research was composed of 313 prospective elementary mathematics teachers and 158 prospective secondary mathematics teachers. A "a perception scale for technology use in the teaching of mathematics" which was composed of requirement, advantage and disadvantage subdimensions, was used as the data collection tool. As a result of the research, it was determined that the perceptions of prospective teachers on the use of technology in mathematics teaching were positive in the the general perceptions, requirement and advantage sub-dimensions whereas their perceptions on the use of technology in mathematics teaching were negative in the disadvantage sub-dimension. When it was examined whether or not the perceptions of prospective teachers on the use of technology in mathematics teaching differed in terms of elementary undergraduate program or secondary undergraduate program, it was observed that they differed in terms of the advantage sub-dimension and general perceptions. Moreover, according to level of class, it was determined that the perceptions of the prospective elementary mathematics teachers differed in terms of the requirement and disadvantage sub-dimensions whereas the perceptions of the prospective secondary mathematics teachers differed in terms of the advantage sub-dimension and general perceptions. Lastly, it was determined that the general perceptions of the prospective teachers did not differ in terms of gender regarding the use of technology in mathematics teaching


Effect of angular variation to dose received and its clinical correlation was studied in 36 ca.cervix patients. Angular variation results in dose variation but its impact needs to be studied.


The authors present a method for coping with the uncertainty and fuzziness that cause problems in handling information. As these two concepts carry different semantic meanings, they distinguish between them by representing fuzzy information as conjunctive fuzzy sets and uncertainty by means of generalized fuzzy sets. An object-oriented methodology is chosen because it offers an excellent framework for handling uncertainty in a way completely transparent to the user. This treatment of uncertainty in a fuzzy object-oriented environment is well-suited to databases; hence examples from this field are selected. Genealogical databases, where uncertain information is very common, and where information is continuously updated, are used as a frame of reference. The proposed model also allows storage of as much information about uncertain objects as possible.<<ETX>>


Objective: Roots of Datura metel has been proved by many scientists as potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent, however much work has not been done to evaluate leaves of the plant for these activities. This study was undertaken to evaluate the in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of leaves of Datura metel . Methods: Aqueous and methanolic extracts of the leaves of D.metel were subjected to in vitro screening models such as DPPH free radical scavenging activity, total phenolic content, total antioxidant capacity and total anti-inflammatory activity by HRBC membrane stabilization. Ascorbic acid was used as the standard. Results & Conclusion: The results thus obtained suggested that leaves of D.metel possess considerable activity and therefore further in vivo studies can establish it as a potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant remedy. Keywords: Antiinflammatory, Antioxidant, Plant extract, Phenolic compound, HRBC membrane lysis, DPPH radical.


We show that a lower bound for the probability that a spatial general epidemic never becomes extinct is given by the percolation probability of an associated bond percolation process.


In this work, gas-liquid equilibrium states are calculated, including phase composition dependences on temperature (T-x) and pressure (P-x) for the Hg-Al alloy during vacuum distillation. The objects of research comprised Hg-Al alloys having the following composition, mole %: 20–80 Hg; 80–20 Al, whose formation may occur during the processing of copper anode slime upon producing commercial selenium concentrate. A simplified molecular interaction volume model was used to calculate the activity coefficients of the components in the Hg-Al alloy. Phase diagrams of temperature (T-x) and pressure (P-x) are used for the preliminary selection of temperature and pressure in the system, as well as for the evaluation of the separation efficiency of components. The novelty of the research stems from calculating activity coefficients using the selected simplified model. Saturated vapour pressures for Hg (p*Hg) and Al (p*Al) were calculated in the temperature range of 823–1073 K. The high values of the p*Hg / p*Al ≥ 3 . 1010 ratio and separation coefficient llogβHg ≥ 10 provide theoretical premises for selective extraction of these metals by vacuum distillation, where mercury is concentrated in the gas phase (βHg > 1) and aluminium in the liquid phase. The values of excess Gibb's energy, enthalpy and entropy changes for the liquid-gas interface of Hg-Al alloy were determined: ΔGE/m = 1–3 кJ/mol;  = 1-3 kJ/mol; +-ΔGE/m = 0,03–0,17 kJ/mol. The practical significance of the research lies in minimising the number of initial experiments during the processing of Hg-Al compositions for optimising the temperature and pressure in the vacuum distillation process.


The use of directional transmission in millimeter-Wave (mmWave) frequencies results in limited channel coherence time. In this paper, we take the limited channel coherence time into account for non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in mmWave hybrid beamforming systems. Due to the limited coherence time, the beamwidth of the hybrid beamformer affects the beam-training time, which in turn directly impacts the data transmission rate. To investigate this trade-off, we utilize a combined beam-training algorithm. Then, we formulate a sum-rate expression which considers the channel coherence time and beam-training time as well as users' power and other system parameters. Further, a joint power and beamwidth optimization problem is solved by iterating between the power allocation and the beamwidth optimization. When allocating the power, we use the log-exponential reformulation and the sequential parametric convex approximation (SPCA) methods to solve the non-convex problem. Since beamwidth optimization involves too many variables, we propose an algorithm which iterates between clusters of users. Numerical results show that the optimized mmWave hybrid beamforming-NOMA system can achieve much higher sum-rates compared to NOMA with analog beamforming and traditional multiple access techniques.


Background Autologous adipose tissue grafting is a valuable strategy for breast reconstruction in breast cancer patients. However, adipose tissue is absorbed and liquefies easily, and the cosmetic effects do not last. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the cosmetic effects and histopathologic changes of the prostheses produced by inactivated autologous subcutaneous adipose tissue and dermal outer capsule in the mini-pig model. Methods This prospective study was conducted in 6 Bama adult female mini-pigs weighing 15.5–20 kg. Autologous subcutaneous adipose tissue and dermis were harvested and made into the different prostheses. Then, the prostheses were implanted into abdominal subcutaneous tissue of the mini-pigs. At the 14th and 30th day after implantation, the skin appearances were observed, and the prostheses were harvested. The histopathologic changes of adipocytes and dermis in the different prostheses were evaluated. Results In vitro experiments showed that there were no significant changes in the size and histomorphology of autologous adipose tissue and/or dermis in the different prostheses. However, the results of the in vivo experiment found that the prosthesis produced by the inactivated adipose tissue with a dermal outer capsule produced the best cosmetic effect and the least fibrous connective tissue proliferation around the prosthesis. Moreover, the fewest proliferative fibrous connective tissues and infiltrated inflammatory cells were found in the adipocytes wrapped by dermis. The adipocyte morphology was normal. Conclusions Results in this animal model indicated that the prosthesis produced by inactivated autologous subcutaneous adipose tissue with a dermal outer capsule may be a promising prosthesis for breast reconstruction. Validation of this new prosthesis requires more experiments to assess the long-term cosmetic effects and histopathologic changes.


Aprior algorithm is association rules mining algorithm which all known by the people. The outline of all Association Rules mining algorithm based on in the frequent item sets discovery algorithm in advanced. In order to enhance the association rules mining efficiency,in this paper, firstly, the graph-based discovering algorithm with association rules is discussed. Then, the author modifies this algorithm, transform the problem of find frequent item sets to discovering the clique graphs in the graph ,by searching the clique graphs in the association graph to find frequent itemsets. In this paper,author proposes an improved algorithm for the graph-based discovering association rules,and we compare the improved algorithm with the former algorithm from the complexity of times and spatial. Conclude in this algorithm efficiency. Finally, we see the GenerateItemsets algorithm prior to DGBFIG algorithm from experimental results.


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The invention discloses a method for displaying cost information in a contact list. Information of the contact list is obtained; whether a contact who needs to be displayed exists is determined; information of the contact is read, and cost information of the contact is obtained; the contact and the cost information thereof are displayed; and whether information, which is not parsed, of the contact list exists is determined. Whether the contact can make network call is determined; if the contact can make network call, the cost information of the contact is represented by 'free'; if the contact cannot make network call, a service provider to which the contact belongs is obtained according to the telephone number; a short message is sent to the service provider to inquire the type of a charge package used by the contact and the using state of the package in the current month; a short message returned by the service provider is analyzed to obtained the package type and the using state of the packet in the current month; whether time prescribed by the package is exceeded in the current month is determined; conversation cost information included by the package is obtained from a database; and conversation cost information not included by the package is obtained from the database. Cost information of making a call can be prompted to a user, and new experience is provided for the user.


This paper estimates the maximum integration level of residential rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) capacity within the power network of the Duke Energy Progress (DEP) and Duke Energy Carolinas (DEC) under two scenarios embodying different assumptions about the flexibility of nuclear power plant (NPP) operations. A mixed-integer optimization model was constructed and simulated to find out the maximum solar penetration level under each scenario and to calculate the expected total system's electricity generation costs, energy mix, atmospheric emission reductions, and emission abatement costs. Analysis reveals that improving NPP operation maneuverability would increase the maximum solar PV penetration level in the DEP and DEC power networks by 39%, from 8.9% to 12.4% of the total system's electricity generation. Consequently, it would further improve the electricity generations' unit costs and CO2 emission reductions by 3% and 8% points, respectively. On the other hand, increasing the solar PV penetration limit under high flexible NPP operation scenario leads to increase in the CO2 emission abatement costs by 8% points. The results of the study indicate that the flexibility of existing power system resources may present a barrier for a large uptake of solar energy.


The present invention relates to a coating method based on gas-phase deposited using arc evaporation, to provide a coating chamber provided with the step of selecting a first target as a material supply source for the coating, an arc evaporation source including at least a selected target a method comprising the steps of: down, thereby the arc ignition and operation, evaporation of the material from the first target-steps of the, pump the coating chamber at a suitable process pressure to the arc vapor deposition of loading substrates to be coated in the coating chamber after reaction with the reaction gas flowing into the coating chamber according to, if a step that is deposited on the substrate to be coated with the material. In this case, the first target is the doping component comprises at least one matrix component and a doping component is more than 90 ° contact angle on the solid surface of a molten drop of the doping component has a lower melting point by at least 500 ℃ than the matrix component matrix component It forms a.


1 This will be the final version issued as a complete stand-alone PDF file. Concurrent with release of this PDF document is the release of best practices content integrated into the RDA Toolkit. comprises several tasks, three of which are fulfilled in the present document: 1. Create music-related best practices documentation to supplement Resource Description and Access (RDA). 2. Make recommendations regarding the relationship between the MLA music-related best practices document and other official RDA policies such as the Library of Congress/Program for Cooperative Cataloging Policy Statements (LC-PCC PS) and other decisions disseminated by PCC. 3. Create complete examples for scores, audio recordings, musical works, and musical expressions. These best practices guidelines should:  Provide sufficient guidance for creating and enhancing both basic descriptions (" core records ") and more robust descriptions of musical resources and the musical works and expressions embodied therein. In MARC21, these descriptions take the form of bibliographic and authority records.  Be comprehensible and useful to both catalogers transitioning from an AACR2 environment and newly-trained catalogers.  Be usable as the basis for training materials, such as cataloging manuals and workshop curricula.  Be amenable for repurposing for use in future data environments 3.  Be amenable for repurposing for use by agencies applying RDA in other languages. 2 Complete text of charge here: These best practices guidelines are arranged by RDA instruction number. RDA instructions are arranged according to the entities embodied in resources, their attributes and their relationships, rather than by carrier format (as was the case in AACR2); these guidelines are structured accordingly. Situations pertaining to specific formats are described in the context of the applicable RDA instruction. This document should be consulted in combination with RDA itself, as well as any local and/or cooperative policies, including LC-PCC PS and section Z1 of the Library of Congress Descriptive Cataloging Manual (DCM Z1) 4. MARC mappings and examples are intended to supplement the RDA to MARC mappings given in the Toolkit, as well as the MARC21 documentation itself 5 and encoding guidelines specific to the cataloging interface 6. Cases where LC-PCC PS gives sufficient guidance, and where these guidelines contravene LC-PCC PS, are indicated as such. These guidelines presume no prior knowledge on the part of the reader of the Anglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2 nd Edition, Revised (AACR2) or their accompanying Library of Congress Rule Interpretations (LCRI). However, pertinent comparisons to AACR2 are …


The short-time limit of the hydrodynamic transport properties is calculated for crystalline dispersions of parallel prolate spheroids using a moment expansion technique similar in concept to the simulation method known as Stokesian dynamics. The concentration dependence of the sedimentation rate, the hindered diffusivity and the Theological behaviour of face-centred lattices are examined for concentrations up to regular close packing (74% by volume). The influence of the detailed microstructure of the dispersion is also investigated by considering different arrangements of parallel ellipsoids. Useful reference configurations are proposed as standard geometries for regular arrays of prolate spheroids.


After a definition of Ethernet Wan and an analysis of the reasons to develop Ethernet Wan, we focus on the related problems including expansibility, service model, Quality of Service and OAM, etc. And we have some discussions about the future of Ethernet Wan.


This article reflects the author's view of current environmental issues and the state of environmental education in the city of Perm Krai Lysva. We consider the ecological situation in the city, given its characteristics. A great place to take the article analysis of the environmental problems of the city. Solved problems such as the presence on the banks of the city pond, the water is used in many areas of city life, metallurgical wastes of previous years, as well as the lack of resources to clean the shores; pollution enterprises of thermal power complex; the problem of environmental pollution by exhaust gases of vehicles; the problem of processing and recycling of household waste. It reveals structure of ecological culture, in which the author includes environmental awareness, emotional and sensual sphere, environmental activities and environmental relationships. It emphasizes the special role of ecological relationships that combine the remaining components of ecological culture. A conclusion is that environmentally characterize the level of each individual component and environmental culture as a whole. It defines the value of environmental education in addressing environmental problems of the city. The need to use the process of formation of ecological culture of the potential environmental education. Characterized by a number of issues of environmental education. Firstly, it's nonequivalence of environmental education in general and vocational education. Secondly, the lack of continuity between general and vocational environmental education. Third, the lack of school curricula rate environment.


Polymer plays a vital role in novel drug delivery system due to its self transforming quality as excipients in formulations. The collaboration of polymeric science with the pharmaceutical science led to the innovation in design and development of novel drug delivery system. Use of polymer is now extended to controlled release and drug targeting systems. Polymers are obtained from natural sources as well as chemically synthesized. They are classified as biodegradable and non biodegradable. Polymers are the backbone of a pharmaceutical drug delivery system as they control the release of a drug from the device. Biodegradable polymers is more acceptable in use as they can be degraded to non toxic monomers and a constant rate of drug release can be achieved from a biodegradable polymer control release device. Natural polymers can be used as a means of achieving pre determines the rates of drug delivery and their physico-chemical characteristics with the ease of availability while a platform to use it as a polymer or drug delivery systems. These improvements contribute to make medical treatment more efficient and prove minimize side effects and other types inconveniences for patients. The main role of polymer is to protect drug from physiological environment and prolonged release of drug to improve its stability.


A set of polymerization unit for experiment was purchased from Japan in 1997 by PP department which is mainly used to evaluate the properties of catalysts for PP and to provide technical data for changing PP catalysts owing to some problems in the process unit .The polymerization unit has not been used for one year ,through revising liquid PP pipe, the unloading system ,agitator and so on ,the polymerization unit can be normally used,and the profit can be achieved for the evaluation of pp polymerization.


In a global project devoted to the realization of a distributed network simulator, we have investigated several ways to optimize the performance of our tool. To allow the comparison of different policies of management of the rollback process implied by the distribution of the simulation, we have developed a specific simulation tool (a simulator of the simulator). We analyse here the structure of this simulator and how we can exploit it to optimize the real simulator.<<ETX>>


A review is given on our recent progresses in silicon nanophotonic devices for optical modulation and switching, which are key elements in a photonic networks-on-chip. High-speed on-chip optical modulation is the key to generate high-bit-rate optical signal for high-capacity optical interconnects, while optical switching is vital for realizing reconfigurable photonic systems. Here we give a review for highspeed LiNbO3 optical modulators on silicon and novel silicon photonic switches with low random phase errors.


Subcutaneous injection of PAF-acether into the rat's paw leads to a local inflammatory response (edema) followed by desensitization after repeated injections of the substance. The desensitizing effect was not modified by previous adrenalectomy, whereas the inflammatory response observed after the first injection of PAF-acether was exacerbated. This finding suggests that adrenal hormones may act as modulators of PAF-induced inflammatory reactions. Because LY 171883, an LTD4 blocker, inhibited the edema which follows the first injection of PAF-acether, we suggest that leukotrienes may play an important role in the phenomenon.


The main purpose of this study is to formulate a mathematical regression model showing the significant effect of the independent variables to the dependent variable. The researchers obtained the quarterly data from the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) limited only from 2001 to 2016 with a total of 448 observations. The data include the following factors: Employment Rate (X1), Underemployment Rate (X2), Gross National Income (X3), Household Population 15 yrs+ (X4) and Gross Domestic Product (X5) as independent variables that can affect the Labor Force Participation Rate in the Philippines. The researchers use the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences as a statistical tool for recording and analyzing the quarterly data. The researchers employed two main statistical treatments which are subjected at 1% level of significance: Pearson R Correlation, to determine which of the independent variables have significant relationship with the dependent variable; and Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, to formulate the fitted mathematical model for the dependent variable. According to the results gathered, three out of five independent variables become the predictors of Labor Force Participation Rate which are included in the fitted model. Moreover, the researchers also utilize the Paired-T test to find if the predicted values and the actual values of the dependent variable have significant difference with each other


To determine the structure of chromosome and to identify the sex chromosome of Ginkgo biloba and G. biloba var. fastigiata, the samples were obtained from root tips of trees growing in seven different provinences. The results are as follows. The basic number of somatic chromosomes was 2n=24. The range of a relative length of long chromosome was between 14.88∼11.18㎛ and that of short chromosome was 8.11∼6.24㎛. The chromosome sets were composed with one long pairs of m type and 11 short pairs of sm or st type. These short pairs showed the continuous descending in length. There was a satellite on the short arm of the Longest chromosome pair, and were satellites of the one or both long arm of 7th or 8th chromosome pair which were sm or st type, or the shortest st type chromosome pair. Sometimes, a satellite on the short arm of the longest chromosome pairs of Ginkgo biloba was double satellite, but that of G. biloba var. fastigiata was not.


Earlier studies of covariant position operators in special relativistic quantum theory are generalized here to the case of a de Sitter universe of positive curvature. The hyperplane formalism previously employed undergoes a natural generalization in this case to a spacelike hypersphere formalism. In the analysis of the underlying geometry, the minimal pseudo‐Euclidean embedding space for the de Sitter universe plays a dominant role and suggests an intrinsic coordinate system of special interest for the representation of geodesics. The de Sitter analogs of the Minkowski space center of energy, center of spin, and center of inertia are constructed, and we find that de Sitter‐center of spin to retain commuting components in our intrinsic coordinate system.


To create user-centered information architectures (IA), designers need a structured methodology that allows them to move rapidly from initial exploration of domain, to designing and testing information architecture. Additionally, in rapidly changing domains, design needs to flexibly incorporate future additions and evolutions. Finally, IA design should also take into account business concerns and goals. This paper describes Rapid Information Architecture Prototyping, a three-stage methodology for creating and testing IA based on user and business requirements. First, stakeholder analysis is used to understand business and organizational context, while free-listing exercises are used to explore the domain. Next, results of free-listing are used in an open card-sorting to understand user mental models and generate prototype IAs. Finally, closed card-sorting is used to evaluate and choose between candidate structures. The last two stages can be used in an iterative manner to design and test prototype IAs. The results yield a future-oriented IA that can flexibly incorporate future changes to site content and functionality, and provide design direction for years to come.


Administrative sanction is a legal instrument used within the scope of state administrative law. Provisions regarding administrative sanctions are contained within the scope of state administrative law, one of which is contained in the rules regarding licensing. Permit is the most widely used juridical instrument in the scope of administrative law. In carrying out an activity carried out by the community, it must be related to the environment because the environment is an absolute part of human life. In practice, there are several phenomena of granting Environmental Permits that are contrary to laws and regulations which are indications of abuse of authority, but the application of administrative sanctions is not implemented properly. This research uses normative research method with analytical descriptive method. The results of the study conclude that the administration of administrative sanctions regulated in the government administration law against government agencies or officials in committing acts of abuse of authority has not been implemented because administrative sanctions are applied using civil servant disciplinary penalties.


The biological activity of functional food source with thyme extracts were examined. Total phenol contents in the 60% ethanol extracts with thyme leaf was higher than water extracts . This HPLC analysis is significant in that physiological activity is related with phenolic compound content such as rosemarinic acid, quercetin and chlorogenic acid. Electron donating ability was shown as 90.1% in the water extracts and 77.7% in the 60% ethanol extracts. Antioxidant protection factor of 60% ethanol extracts was higher than water extracts. Helicobacter pylori of the water extracts from thyme leaves did not have antimicrobial activity, but the 60% ethanol extracts revealed the high antimicrobial activity as 9 mm of clear zone in of phenol content, 10 mm in , 13 mm in and 16 mm in , respectively. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition activity showed no inhibition activity in 60% ethanol extracts but 39.9% inhibition activity in water extracts. Xanthine oxidase inhibition activity showed high inhibition activity at 73.5% in water extracts and 100% in 60% ethanol extracts. The result suggests the development of phenol compound in thyme as anti Helicobacter pylori, antioxidant and anti-gout agents.


The work of reference, subject, and liaison librarians is evolving, rapidly in some cases. This article provides an overview of the new roles that these librarians are involved in based on an extensive review of the literature in these areas over the last ten years. While some of these roles have been extensively covered in bibliographic essays of their own (data management, changes to information literacy instruction), this article attempts to provide a broader view of the situation, along with highlighting salient examples of the ways that librarians are trying to forge new and different connections with faculty and students, facilitate important conversations, and stay visible and relevant on their campuses.


First Day 1. Characterization of Heavy Oils......................................................1 a. Class Separation: Saturates, Aromatics, Resins, Asphaltenes, & Coke 6 b. Properties of Classes...............................................................7 c. Measurement of Asphaltene Molecular Weight..............................8 d. Concept of Asphaltenes............................................................9 e. Solvent-Resid Phase Diagram...................................................11 f. Scattering Data on Classes......................................................12 A. Evidence of Asphaltene Colloid.......................................13 B. Evidence of Asphaltene Association..................................13 g. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).....................16 A. Prep Separation of Heavy Coker Gas Oil (HKGO)...............18 B. Representative HKGO Structures....................................19 C. Prep Separation of Distact Cut of Arabian Heavy Vac Resid...22


Migraine and other severe recurrent headache disorders are highly prevalent disabling conditions, and are a common reason for presentation to primary care. Headaches can have a significant impact on an individual's quality of life, resulting in huge costs to healthcare and the economy. This highlights the importance of being able to assess, diagnose and manage this symptom appropriately within the time constraints of a 10-minute consultation. This article will focus on an approach to the assessment of patients presenting with headache and a framework for managing the headache disorders commonly encountered in primary care.


Dynamic capabilities and ambidexterity research lacks in-depth studies that explain how firms routinize the modification of their exploration/exploitation-balance. Based on empirical case study dat...


This paper presents the main design characteristics and applications of the multipurpose large-volume environmental simulation chamber group installed in the Naval Medical Research Institute. These chambers were built for research on the influence of physical and chemical factors in closed environments on human and animal physiological functions. The chamber group consists of a living chamber, a work chamber, a work chamber for saturation diving, a rescue chamber, three animal experiment chamber, and animal experiment chamber for radiation chamber and a plexiglass experiment chamber. In these chambers human experiments of a simulated 90-day underwater submarine patrol and 35-day saturation diving were successfully conducted.


The bioactive compounds are chemicals found in plants and are widely known for bringing health benefits, so it can be designated as functional foods. However, they are sensitive to various factors found in the environment that are exposed primarily to tratogastrointestinal and, moreover, are lipophilic, therefore, have low solubility in aqueous media. In this sense, the encapsulation of these compounds is an alternative protection, and the provision of such compounds in suitable amounts. The complex coacervation microencapsulation is a technique commonly used for such compounds, besides having front advantages to other techniques such as the use of biopolymers, no use of toxic agents, among others. Currently, there are a lot of research in this direction, which will be presented in this paper. Thus, the present review aims to present the main bioactive compounds studied and encapsulated as well as the parameters for complex coacervation technique.


Corporation legislation has already been developed from traditional interest protection of "the shareholder" alone into modern interest protection of "the interest group",emphasizing on the balance between the investor's and the creditor's interest.As the basic form of modern enterprise,the corporation takes limited liability as its responsibility form.To satisfy the interest of both the subscriber and the creditor is a hard problem to deal with in corporation legislation.Analyzes the creditor protection system before and after the revision of "Corporation Law".Plans for further improvement of this law are proposed, in the hope that it can benefit the protection of the creditor's interest.


With the continuing development of synthetic ropes and real-world experience gained through their use in offshore mooring operations, it is evident that previous reservations about the use of synthetics in soils are no longer warranted. This is proven through the extensive documentation of field service history, coupled with rope and fiber testing of a jointly developed High Modulus Polyethylene (HMPE) "mud rope," which is presented to industry in this paper.


Both combustion control and steam drum water level control of 20t-boiler were introduced,including its hardware configuration and software design.This system,designed as the energy-saving required,can benefit the boiler monitoring and management.


Purpose Provides perspectives on human capital challenges for the events industry in Canada. Industry and educator perspectives are featured in two segments of the paper. Design/methodology/approach Provides an overview of the events sector in Canada and includes a literature review clarifying key definitions and terms. Industry and educator perspectives highlight ongoing discussions related to some of the human capital challenges identified in the paper. Findings Explores challenges related to human capital such as the pressures of working in the events industry and finding a work-life balance given the demands of the profession. Human capital challenges related to the preparedness of professionals and the need for continued certification and training are also discussed. A potential solution considers licensing and industry wide certification. Consideration of the benefits and requirements of industry-wide certification and licensing is ongoing. Practical implications Emphasizes the need for cooperation ...


This paper presents a survey on Software Engineering techniques for the power systems area. Our goal is to identify tools and techniques that can improve the life cycle management of customized applications for Energy Management Systems (SCADA/EMS), by applying a Model Driven Engineering (MDE) approach. We conducted a systematic literature review of published works related to the design and development of such applications. Two main repositories of publications in the area were used as sources and four search strategies were applied. Several works found are not directed to SCADA/EMS, but are related to other power systems applications. We have collected evidence that such applications are more commonly modeled using concepts specific to the power systems' domain, like control theory, rather than traditional techniques and tools from the software industry, like UML. However, few details about the process of transforming those specifications into software artifacts could be gathered. On the other hand, a few published works mention the MDE approach for power systems related applications, although clear methodology or frameworks applicable to the production of fully functional software are still missing. We have also identified promising technologies that need to be evaluated in order to propose such a framework, like domain specific languages, transformation engines and integration interfaces. The appealing MDE concept of automatically transforming design and specification models into programs and other software artifacts has the potential to facilitate the porting and migration of EMS applications from one platform to others. Ultimately, such an approach may help improving software quality and cutting development costs.


Amok is the name of a culture-bound syndrome which is well known since many centuries above all in the Malay culture. Its main feature consists in a characteristic sequence of stages including a first phase of dismal brooding, ended by an outburst of aggression with furious, often lethal attacks against random victims followed by terminal sleep and the claim of amnesia. Quasi-amok is a feeble version of the full-blown phenomenon. It features sham attacks against the people within reach,but these individuals never get quite over their inhibition to kill. Amok and quasi-amok are observed also in other parts of the world, even in western civilisations. For both phenomena, there are several different terms according to the population in which they occur. In DSM-IV, amok is registered among dissociative disorders as well as among disorders of impulse control, whereas ICD-10 does not apply the term "amok".


—In the present paper, we analyze the vague reliability of k -out-of- n : G system (particularly, series and parallel system) with independent and non-identically distributed components, where the reliability of the components are unknown. The reliability of each component has been estimated using statistical confidence interval approach. Then we converted these statistical confidence interval into triangular intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. Based on these triangular intuitionistic fuzzy numbers, the reliability of the k -out-of- n : G system has been calculated. Further, in order to implement the proposed methodology and to analyze the results of k -out-of- n : G system, a numerical example has been provided.


This paper develops a fuzzy multi-objective linear programming (FMOLP) model for solving the multi-lever and multi-species production of edible fungus circular economy system decision problem in a fuzzy environment. The proposed model attempts to make both economic and ecological maximize. A numerical example demonstrates the feasibility of applying the proposed model to edible fungus circular economy system. In particular, this paper is a combination of the fuzzy multi-objective programming and genetic algorithm.


Fengshui deserves serious scrutiny from geographers. Fengshui has been a highly significant influence on the shaping of human environments in the Chinese cultural sphere for at least 4000 years. Efforts to eliminate it in the twentieth century, by Chinese governments intent on modernisation, have failed. Advice on fengshui is still eagerly sought today by families and businesses in Chinese communities, whether on the mainland, offshore or overseas. The first part of this paper briefly introduces fengshui . The second part applies Lefebvre's three modalities of space to the time-space manipulations and outcomes of the operation of fengshui . The third part explores what fengshui offers a postmodern world, concentrating on (a) the nature of the 'harmony' it seeks to establish between people and nature; (b) the nature of fengshui 's time-universe; and (c) the extent to which fengshui 's goals of time-space harmony offer a framework for approaching sustainable development.


Abstract : This report presents an application of the theories developed in Part I to guns ranging in diameter from .30 caliber to 8 inches. Agreement between theory and experiment is good over the entire diameter range for the blast field overpressure. The theory was also applied to a 105mm howitzer of different loadings with equally good results. A different approach for determining the pulse length is presented. As with the data in Part I, the scatter is sufficiently large that no firm conclusions can be drawn concerning the validity of the approach.


We introduce T REE A NNOTATOR , a graphical tool for annotating tree-like structures, in particular structures that jointly map dependency relations and inclusion hierarchies, as used by Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST). T REE A NNOTATOR is browser-based, embedded within the UIMA framework and provides two visualization modes. T REE A NNOTATOR 's interoperability exceeds similar tools, providing a wider range of formats, while annotation work can be completed more quickly due to a revised input method for RST dependency relations. T REE A NNOTATOR offers a multiple window view, which allows users to inspect several annotations side by side. For storing and versioning annotations, the UIMA Database Interface (UIMA DI) was developed to save documents based on a pre-defined type system. These features not only connect T REE A NNOTATOR annotations to modern technological and dialog theoretical work, but set it apart from related tools. The ease of use of T REE A NNOTATOR and its newly designed user interface is evaluated in a user study consisting of annotating rhetorical relations with T REE A NNOTATOR and the classic RSTTool .