Photovoltaic-thermal system (PVT) is a renewable energy based cogeneration system and it converts solar radiation simultaneously into thermal or electrical energy. The design space, a collection of all feasible system sizes, is developed based on the principles of Pinch Analysis to design isolated energy systems. The design space for a PVT system is governed by the electrical demand, the thermal demand, the load temperature of the thermal demand, and the boiling point of working fluid. However, it is observed that a PVT system generates excess electrical energy, especially during noon where the solar radiation is high. This excess energy can be used for some other useful work when battery is in danger of overcharging. In this paper, the impact of using of this battery excess energy on sizing of overall PVT system is presented. The comparative analysis of PVT system with the battery excess energy dumped into the storage tank or use of an auxiliary heater for the domestic hot water system are carried out in this paper. The analysis suggests that the supply of excess energy in auxiliary heater is beneficial.


Some sources of disturbance inevitably exist in magnetic bearings systems in the process of operation. This article proposes a disturbance suppression scheme for active magnetic bearings systems using an improved characteristic model-based all-coefficient adaptive control algorithm. First, the mathematical model of the magnetic bearing system is established. Then, by introducing the extended state observer into the adaptive control, the adaptive control method is improved. And the simulation of the combined control of the adaptive control and extended state observer is carried out based on mathematical model of controlled object. Simulation results demonstrate that this control method can not only adjust the control parameters online, but also estimate and compensate the disturbance in real time, which improves the control performance of the controller. Finally, the feasibility of adaptive control method with extended state observer is verified by experiments. When the sinusoidal disturbance signal is introduced at the 9000 r/min, the vibration displacement of the magnetic bearing system with the improved adaptive controller is reduced around 43%, which is in accordance with the theoretical results.


The article described the definition of collective entrepreneurship from the viewpoint of Organization Behaviour,elaborated the development of collective entrepreneurship,analyzed two essential prerequisites for collective entrepreneurship(team members'attitudes and team members'interpersonal behaviors) and proposed collective entrepreneurship be one of resources that develop competitive advantage.Finally,the article pointed out,with the development of the economic globalization,the small and mid-sized enterprises in China should cultivate collective entrepreneurship's competence focusing on management software.


In this paper, for the first time, the influence of internal moving fluid on the nonlinear vibration and stability of embedded carbon nanotube is investigated. The Euler-Bernoulli beam theory is employed to model the vibrational behavior of an embedded carbon nanotube. The relationship of nonlinear amplitude and frequency for the single-wall nanotubes in the presence of internal fluid flow is expressed using the multiple scales perturbation method. The amplitude-frequency response curves of the nonlinear vibration obtained and the effects of the surrounding elastic medium, mass and the aspect ratios of nanotubes are discussed. It is shown that beyond the critical flow velocity buckling occurs and surrounding elastic medium plays a significant role in the stability of the carbon nanotube.Copyright © 2010 by ASME


ABSTRACT This article analyses the impact of President John F. Kennedy's (JFK) flag initiative for Latin America, known as the Alliance for Progress, on journalistic narratives in Venezuela's media. It contextualises this analysis within the broader efforts of political communication and propaganda. In so doing, it argues that this program helped to establish the discursive regimes that would come to define journalistic narratives and, consequently, public perceptions of the economy and development policy. The research is based on an examination of historical archives from the JFK library and conducting a content analysis of one of the most influential daily newspapers in that country. The research shows the effects that this initiative had upon journalistic narratives and how it helped change discursive regimes.


Genetic algorithm simulations, using Buckingham potential to represent the anion-anion and cation-anion short-range interactions, were performed in order to predict the equilibrium positions of the Al and O ions in AlnOm clusters. In order to find the equilibrium structures of compounds a self-organizing genetic algorithm were constructed. The calculation were carried out for several clusters AlnOm, with different numbers of aluminium and oxygen atoms.


Parking space recognition is an important part in the process of automatic parking, and it is also a key issue in the research field of automatic parking technology. The parking space recognition process was studied based on vision and the YOLOv5 target detection algorithm. Firstly, the fisheye camera around the body was calibrated using the Zhang Zhengyou calibration method, and then the corrected images captured by the camera were top-view transformed; then, the projected transformed images were stitched and fused in a unified coordinate system, and an improved image equalization processing fusion algorithm was used in order to improve the uneven image brightness in the parking space recognition process; after that, the fused images were input to the YOLOv5 target detection model for training and validation, and the results were compared with those of two other algorithms. Finally, the contours of the parking space were extracted based on OpenCV. The simulations and experiments proved that the brightness and sharpness of the fused images meet the requirements after image equalization, and the effectiveness of the parking space recognition method was also verified.


Tussah pebrine disease resulting from Nosema bombycis (NB) spores causes massive production and economic losses in the silk industry in China. This paper reports on highly effective inactivation of NB spores for the control of pebrine disease by using an atmospheric pressure cold plasma jet. Both Giemsa dyeing measurement and tussah breeding experiment show that the atmospheric pressure He plasma jet containing 1% <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">${\rm O}_{2}$</tex></formula> kills almost all the NB spores with a <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">$10^{7}$</tex></formula> population within an exposure time of 5 min. Scanning electron microscopy measurements and UV absorbance spectra show that plasma inactivation has withered up the NB spores and resulted in the spores inactivated. Both energy dispersive spectroscopy and optical emission spectroscopy measurements showed that plasma-created reactive particles, such as O and accompanied charged species can play an important role in the inactivation processing.


Classification of gender from fingerprints is one of the important steps in forensic anthropology. This forensic anthropology is used to identify the gender of a criminal in order to minimize the suspects list of search. A very few researcher have worked on gender classification using fingerprints and have gain the competitive results. In this work we are trying to fuse the fingerprint and age biometrics for gender classification. The real fingerprints were collected from different age groups such as 15-20 years and 2060 years of the rural and urban people. According to this experimental observation soft biometric information can be used significantly to improve the recognition performance of biometric system. The overall performance of the proposed method is found to be satisfactory and more competitive.


Abstract Tort liability contributes significantly to the cost of doing business in the United States. For companies that manufacture and distribute products that pose certain inherent hazards arising from the nature or purpose of their products, it is essential to keep such costs under control. These industries are typically subject to extensive government regulation. If a business violates statutes and regulations controlling the manufacture, labeling, sale, and distribution of regulated products or in providing regulated services, it increases its risk of tort claims and weakens its legal position for defending against those claims. Companies that employ effective programs for regulatory compliance reap substantial indirect benefits from those programs in the form of reduced tort liability. To achieve that, the regulatory compliance program should be integrated fully into the life‐cycle for highly regulated products—such as pesticides and consumer chemical products—from the design stage through post‐sal...


The SELECT statement as part of the SOL language core,can be achieved by using the WHERE clause to realize flexible and complex query operation.Among them,and predicate EXISTS formed by nested query is the difficulties to understand,this paper through the analysis of query examples,discusses how to use the WHERE EXISTS query to achieve complex query operation.


A high resolution measurement of the total photoneutron cross section of chromium from threshold to 27 MeV has been obtained. The result is compared with an earlier measurement and an interpretation in terms of isospin effects is made.


Two field experiments were conducted at Abo hammad region Sharkia Governorate, Egypt during 1999/2000 and 2000/2001 seasons to detect the relationships between N, P, K, NP, NK, PK and NPK fertilization as independent variables and some quantity and quality characters of flax variety Giza 8 as dependent variables. The quantity characters were seed, oil, straw and fiber yields and the quality characters were N, P and K uptake in both seed and straw. Simple correlation, multiple regression and stepwise regression analysis were used to detect this relationship and the results obtained can be summarized as follows: uptake in straw and K uptake in seed with R 2 being 59.8%, 71.4 %, 79.9% and 80.8%, respectively. On the other hand, the PK fertilization was the heights factor contributing in the total variation of P uptake in straw with R 2 being 25.2%. Similarly, the NP fertilization was the height factor contributing in the total variation of K uptake in straw with R 2 being 46.7%.


The present application relates to a semiconductor device and a method for controlling an analog switch. A semiconductor device comprising: an analog switch, wherein the P-channel transistor and N-channel transistor connected in parallel between an input terminal and an output terminal; a variable voltage circuit, an input terminal to which an input voltage generating P-channel according to a variable to provide first gate voltage of the transistor channel and a second gate voltage and a back gate voltage of the first N-channel transistor and a second back gate voltage potential; and a control circuit which provides a variable voltage to the analog switch control circuit conducting or non-conducting via the control signal. In response to the analog switch causes the control signal is turned on, the gate voltage of the first variable voltage circuit to generate a variable P-channel transistor and N-channel transistor and a second gate output of each of the gate voltage .


This report provides an overview of a methodological approach designed in two Modules tailored to increase the learning effect and awareness rising of Foresight in New Members States and Candidate Countries (NMS and CC). A better understanding on how to best transmit Foresight knowledge and which methodological approaches can effectively contribute to this end is regarded to be a major milestone in enabling Foresight to be widespread used as a policy informing and facilitating instrument. Such methodological approach should therefore be further tested, improved and adapted both to the specific contexts and current challenges of individual countries in order to facilitate Foresight in NMS and CC. The mission of the JRC is to provide customer-driven scientific and technical support for the conception, development, implementation and monitoring of EU policies. As a service of the European Commission, the JRC functions as a reference centre of science and technology for the Union. Close to the policy-making process, it serves the common interest of the Member States, while being independent of special interests, whether private or national.


The wavelengths, intensities, and identifications of about 5, 000 lines in the spectrum of the coolest Ball star HD 121447 from 4215A to 6720A have been completed. Radial velocities were determined for ten spectrograms of HD 121447. HD 121447 seems to be a radial velocity variable, and may be a binary.


The article analyzes the reason of the defects discovered through the overall inspection of LPG container and proposes the solution to it.The result shows that the container is safe within the inspection period without failing.All the inspection work is critical to the safety operation of the container and the article is meaningful to the inspection and defect treatment of similar containers.


Taking Wuhan area as an example,some technical means to save energy and protect the environment were adopted in the courses of designing the construction of art for home environment where it is hot in summer and cold in winter.Specifically,the questions that include choosing the materials,construction techniques and equipment installation should be dealt with.


A two-dimensional lead complex, [Pb(C14N3O2H12S)(NO3)]n·nH2O, was prepared by the reaction of salicylyl-4-phenyl thiosemicarbazide and lead nitrate. The compound (C14H13N4O6PbS, Mr=572.53) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with a=11.2984(2), b=15.6628(7), c=11.1118(2), β= 113.564(2)n, V=1802.43(10)3, Dc=2.110 g/cm3, Z=4, μ(MoKα)= 9.515 mm·1, F(000)=1084, the final R=0.0394 and wR=0.0701 for 2552 observed reflections with I 2σ(I). The Pb(II) ion displays a distorted octahedron in which the hypothesized stereochemically active lone pair occupies the apex. The compound exhibits a two-dimensional network structure formed by the zigzag one-dimensional chains joined by two μ-O of two nitrate groups in overlapping. A large ring exists in the two-dimensional layers. The TGA of the title compound has been studied.


In order to master the seepage at right abutment of a dam,combined with monitoring data,project condition,water level,rainfall and aging,analysis on the piezometer level data was carried out and the performance of seepage was deduced.The result showed that the seepage was normal.


Most power transformer faults are caused by iron core and winding faults. At present, the method that is most widely used for transformer iron core and winding faults identification is the vibration analysis method. The vibration analysis method generally determines the degree of fault by analyzing the energy spectrum of the transformer vibration signal. However, the noise reduction step in this method is complicated and costly, and the effect of denoising needs to be further improved to make the fault identification results more accurate. In addition, it is difficult to perform an accurate determination of the early mild failure of the transformer due to the effect of noise on the results. This paper presents a novel mathematical statistics method based on the vibration signal to optimize the vibration analysis method for the short-circuit failure of the transformer winding. The proposed method was used for linear analysis of the transformer vibration signal with different degrees of short-circuit failure of the transformer winding. By comparing the slope value of the transformer vibration signal cumulative probability distribution curve and analyzing the energy spectrum of the signal, the degree of short-circuit failure of the transformer winding was identified quickly and accurately. This method also simplified the signal denoising process in transformer fault detection, improved the accuracy of fault detection, reduced the time of fault detection, and provided good predictability for early mild faults of the transformer, thereby reducing the hidden hazards of operating the power transformer. The proposed optimization procedure offers a new research idea in transformer fault identification.


In the past two decades the accessible compute power for numerical simulations has increased by more than three orders of magnitude. Many-particle physics has largely benefited from this development because the complex particle-particle interactions often exceed the capabilities of analytical approaches and require sophisticated numerical simulations. The significance of these simulations, which may require large amounts of data and compute cycles, is frequently determined both by the choice of an appropriate numerical method or solver and the efficient use of modern computers. In particular, the latter point is widely underestimated and requires an understanding of the basic concepts of current (super) computer systems. In this chapter we present a comprehensive introduction to the architectural concepts and performance characteristics of state-of-the art high performance computers, ranging from the "poor man's" Linux cluster to leading edge supercomputers with thousands of processors. In Sect. 26.1 we discuss basic features of modern commodity microprocessors with a slight focus on Intel and AMD products. Vector systems (NEC SX8) are briefly touched. The main emphasis is on the various approaches used for on-chip parallelism and data access, including cache design, and the resulting performance characteristics. In Sect. 26.2 we turn to the fundamentals of parallel computing. First we explain the basics and limitations of parallelism without specialization to a concrete method or computer system. Simple performance models are established which help to understand the most severe bottlenecks that will show up with parallel programming. In terms of concrete manifestations of parallelism we then cover the principles of distributed-memory parallel computers, of which clusters are a variant. These systems are programmed using the widely accepted message passing paradigm where processes running on the compute nodes communicate via a library that sends and receives messages between them and thus serves as an abstraction layer to the hardware interconnect. Whether the program is run on an inexpensive cluster with bare Gigabit Ethernet or on a special-purpose vector system featuring a high-performance switch like the NEC IXS does not matter as far as the parallel programming paradigm is concerned. The Message Passing Interface (MPI) has emerged as the quasi-standard for message passing libraries. We introduce the most important MPI functionality using some simple examples. As the network is often a performance-limiting aspect with MPI programming, some comments are made


The social environment in terms of family and friends constitutes the context in which children's and adolescents' behaviour is learned, encouraged and adopted (Taylor & Repetti, 1997). One of the most powerful aspects of family influence is that exerted through parents' socio-economic status in terms of education, occupation and/or income. One of the areas in which the influence from socio-economic status has been clearly seen throughout history is health and health behaviour (behaviours which have immediate or long-term effects on health, and are at least partially under personal control) (Adler et al., 1994; Adler & Ostrove, 1999). However, the strength of the relationship between socio-economic status and health seems to vary across the lifespan, and there is little evidence of a consistent class gradient in adolescence


A microoptical receiver module for very high bitrates was designed and realized. We employed well established silicon technologies for integrating the optical components of the microoptical system. For reducing the optical spot size on the photo diode due to the beam divergence of the transmission fiber a monolithically integrated silicon microlens was used. The microlenses were fabricated by melting of photoresist and transferring the preforms into the silicon substrate. We characterized the lenses by lateral shearing interferometry in transmission. The beam diameter on the photodetector (l/e2) could be reduced by about one order of magnitude to less than 10 micrometers . The sensitivity of the modules was about 0.5 A/W at 1310 nm and 0.6 A/W at 1550 nm.


Objective To evaluate the effect of combined phacoemulsification, intraocular lens implantation and trabeculectomy inside the tunnel(triple procedure) in patients with glaucoma and cataract. Methods Phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation combined with trabeculectomy inside the tunnel was performed on 28 eyes of glaucoma combined with cataract. Results After the follow-up period,the best corrected visual acuity were 0.05-1. 0, of which 2 eyes were 0.1 (7.14%), 17 eyes were 0.1-0.5(60.71%), 9 eyes were 0.5 (32.14%).Postoperatively,the intraocular pressure of all eyes decreased to the normal (mean,14.93±3. 80 mmHg).The filtering blebs of type Ⅰ and Ⅱ(functional) by Kronfeld's classification presented in 85.71% of the eyes. 5 eyes had corneal edema (17.86%), and 3 eyes had shallow anterior chamber (10.71%). Conclusions The phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation combined with trabeculectomy inside the tunnel is a good method for glaucoma combined with cataract.


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Current clinical, experimental, and epidemiological observations define metabolic syndrome (MetS) as a risk factor clustering related to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) [1]. According currently statement, the MetS includes abdominal obesity, insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure (BP), and associated with other comorbidities including the prothrombotic and proinflammatory states [2]. Recent studies have emerged that genetic, early-life-depended, age-related, and sociodemographic factors, as well as dietary particularities, coexisting comorbidities are discussed leading causes for the current prevalence of MetS in the general population [3-5]. Therefore, MetS corresponds with several cardiovascular risk factors and associates with an increased incidence of T2DM, cardiovascular events, and mortality [6]. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms resulting in the MetS, IR, central obesity, are not fully understood. However, activated immunity and cytokine production, oxidative stress may effect on a development of cardiovascular complications through inducing endothelial dysfunction [7-10]. There is evidence that systemic pro-inflammatory response induced by MetS is cause of microvascular endothelial cell inflammation [11,12]. Although the adverse prognostic impact of T2DM in unselected populations and in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) has been previously shown [13-15], the role of MetS in CHF subjects remains controversial [16-18]. It has suggested that endothelial-derived microparticles (EMPs) may play a pivotal role in cell-to-cell cooperation, negatively affects tissue reparation, and mediates vascular function [19]. Infl ammatory phenotype of circulating endothelial-derived microparticles in chronic heart failure patients with metabolic syndrome


Objective To know a proper injecting method of enhancement CT contrast medium for children. Methods Selected 350 children into the group of contrast medium pushing by hands (170 cases) and the auto-injection group (180 cases) randomly. Different injieeting method of en-hancement CT contrast medium was used in the two groups respectively, and then compared the effects between them. Results The successful rate in 0-3 years- old children in the group of contrast medium pushing by hands was 97.8%, which was significant higher than that of in the auto- injection group. The suc-cessful rate in over 3 years - old children in the group of auto - injection group was 97.5%, which was signifi-cant higher than that of in the other group. Conclusions Method of contrast medium pushing by hands should be used in the children with 0-3 years- old, auto- injection method should be used in the children with over 3 years-old.

Key words:
Children; Contrast medium; Injection; Enhancement scaning


The wood of the showy mountain ash was found to contain about 3% acetone-soluble material. The major constituents of the extract were a polymorphous xyloside of (+)-di-methoxyisolariciresinol, the recently discovered hydroxy diphenyls aucuparin and methoxyaucuparin, and fatty acid esters of β-sitosterol, another phytosterol, and of untractable phenolic material. Small amounts of free β-sitosterol and a mixture of hydrocarbons as well as traces of an unknown leucoanthocyanidin were also isolated. The xyloside predominated in the sapwood, whereas the aucuparins were found mainly in the heartwood. Gas–liquid chromatography was instrumental in the detection and separation of the aucuparins.


We use computer simulations to test a simple idea for mapping between long-time self diffusivities obtained from molecular and Brownian dynamics. The strategy we explore is motivated by the behavior of fluids comprising particles that interact via inverse-power-law pair potentials, which serve as good reference models for dense atomic or colloidal materials. Based on our simulation data, we present an empirical expression that semi-quantitatively describes the "atomic" to "colloidal" diffusivity mapping for inverse-power-law fluids, but also for model complex fluids with considerably softer (star-polymer, Gaussian-core, or Hertzian) interactions. As we show, the anomalous structural and dynamic properties of these latter ultrasoft systems pose problems for other strategies designed to relate Newtonian and Brownian dynamics of hard-sphere-like particles.


In this paper, we propose a new approach for determining convergence in finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method for numerical dosimetry at a single frequency. Both amplitude and phase of the FDTD calculation are simultaneously determined and traced in the time domain in order to evaluate the convergence of the solution and terminate the FDTD computation. Validity of our approach has been demonstrated via dosimetry of a homogeneous dielectric sphere in comparison with Mie's analytical results at frequencies from 100 kHz to 100 MHz. Induced SARs calculated by the proposed approach are in good agreement with Mie's results, having differences in the whole-body average SAR for less than 9%. It is also found that convergence of the FDTD solutions is related only to permittivity, conductivity, and time-step interval. Finally, the proposed approach has been applied to analysis of an inhomogeneous realistic human body of a Japanese adult exposed to an electromagnetic (EM) plane wave and to localized EM fields radiated from a wireless device at intermediate frequencies around 10 MHz.


To increase the accuracy and implement smart management of on-line measurement of dielectric loss,it was discussed the method of Microcomputer Monitoring System.Especially the composition,the working principle and the related technical measures were introduced.


We describe the use of the exact Yang-Yang solutions for the one-dimensional Bose gas to enable accurate kinetic-energy thermometry based on the root-mean-square width of an experimentally measured momentum distribution. Furthermore, we use the stochastic projected Gross-Pitaevskii theory to provide a quantitative description of the full momentum distribution measurements of Van Amerongen et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 090402 (2008)]. We find the fitted temperatures from the stochastic projected Gross-Pitaevskii approach are in excellent agreement with those determined by Yang-Yang kinetic-energy thermometry.


Summary form only given. For more than 60 years, scientists have speculated about the origin of the so-called diffuse optical interstellar bands (DIBs), a complex pattern of more than 200 absorption bands of varying widths appearing in the visible part of the spectrum in the frequency-dispersed light from reddened bright stars. Previously published suggestions for DIB carriers include inorganic impurities in grains, ions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), large linear carbonaceous unsaturated molecules, fullerenes, very large organic molecules related to life (such as porphyins and chlorophylls), and even alien bacteria (Hoyle). With use of a model based on nonlinear absorption by H/sub 2/ we believe that we are en route to a solution of this mystery.


Since Nicholas Trivet's Anglo-Norman Chronicle was first identified as the direct source of the Man of Law's Tale Chaucer's creative purpose in the tale and his treatment of his source-his changes, additions and deletions-have been thoroughly canvassed. His improvements in the economy and directness of Trivet's tale of Constance have been pointed out, as well as his additions by way of rhetoric, religion and sentiment, and especially his gift of flesh and blood to Trivet's rather abstract and wooden heroine. Scholars have emphasized the hagiographic spirit of Trivet's tale and its associated literature, along with Chaucer's sympathetic identification with that spirit in his reworking of the tale. The most recent and by far the most thorough treatment of these problems is the excellent study published in 1953 by Edward A. Block, to whose full summaries of earlier scholarship the reader is referred.' The following notes are intended to emphasize certain of Block's conclusions and 'to modify others substantially, with a view to clarifying Chaucer's creative purpose in his treatment of the tale.


Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of poor bone quality in patients requiring spine surgery through comprehensive evaluation with bone mass density (BMD), trabecular bone score (TBS), FRAX, and vitamin D status. Methods: we prospectively recruited patients of > 50 years old candidates for lumbar or cervical spine fusion surgery at our institution. Recorded data were: demographic, body mass index (BMI), risk factors for osteoporosis, daily calcium intake, FRAX score, disability index for lumbar and cervical spine, and VAS for pain. Serum 25 OH vitamin D, BMD using DXA, and TBS was also evaluated. Results: A total of 104 patients were recruited, osteoporosis by BMD was detected in 9.6%, and osteopenia in 34.6% of patients. 69.4% of patients with osteopenia had a degraded or partially degraded bone microarchitecture by TBS. Low levels of vitamin D were detected in 79.8% of patients. Increased pain was associated with low BMD levels. Adding TBS to BMD for the determination of bone strength resulted in 33.7% of patients with poor bone quality. Lastly, the combination of BMD, TBS, and FRAX revealed 37,5% of patients with poor bone quality. Conclusions: Poor bone quality and low vitamin D levels are quite common among patients aged ≥ 50 years undergoing spine surgery. DXA alone seems not enough for preoperative identification of impaired bone quality cases. FRAX is useful for identifying high-risk patients and TBS is a valuable complement to DXA by adding the dimension of bone quality.


Looking back at your year as president, what are some of the challenges and achievements that stand out for you, both within the Society itself and in the broader world of global health? I think themost significant thing that impacted global health and tropical medicine over the last year was the election of Donald Trump as President. That made us, as a Society, realize the importance of calm, steady advocacy for tropical medicine and global health funding. Things we thought never would be slated for elimination, like the Fogarty International Center, or threatened with drastic cuts, like the NIH and the CDC, showed us that we have a responsibility to be speaking to the public and to our elected leaders about the importance of what we do. We spent a lot of time this year advocating on behalf of global health and tropical medicine. I'm really proud that ASTMH was seen as an expert voice in Washington and internationally. And as a scientific society, we took a nonpartisan approach, talking about the evidence for the things that we think are very important, like the role of open borders for encouraging scientific exchange and scientific diplomacy and why that is essential to our global health security agenda. Also, as someone who has devoted a career to refugee health and migration medicine, I am really proud that the Society stepped forward after the first travel ban was initiated by the Trump administration to speak about best practices in immigration policies. We were right at the forefront with an immediate response that required a fast turnaround and quick action from our Executive Committee.


In order to achieve stable and rapid automatic smart car hunt,a " two line and five rows plus a splay" electromagnetic coil arrangement is used to identify a variety of complex tracks. The deviation is obtained by the algorithm of cubic functions and corners are processed using the differential motor algorithm to realize the electromagnetic navigation. Practical applications show that this system achieves precise control of the smart car with fast and stable operation.


The process for recovering Li ions comprises providing a composition having a Li ions to be extracted, and removing material from the Li-ion, by introducing one or more cyclic siloxanes in Li-ion, 1 and to one or a plurality of cyclic siloxane -Li ion complexes, one or more liquid - and extracting the one or more cyclic siloxane -Li ion complex by liquid extraction step, the cyclic siloxane -Li ion complex and the organic phase is separated from the aqueous phase with, and removing the water from the organic phase, and to obtain a filtrate by filtration and the organic phase, one from the filtrate or more Li ions (e.g., Li salt) it can include obtaining.


This paper proposes a method of random-multilevel encryption,which calls the algorithm of the Encrypting Algorithm Set according to the random encryption order in the process of software registration in order to finish the whole process of encryption,and finally stores the sequence number as a picture.The paper also introduces the method's advantages and gives an instance in which the method is used in the software registration process.


With the popularity of electric vehicles, lithium-ion batteries as a power source are an important part of electric vehicles, and online identification of equivalent circuit model parameters of a lithium-ion battery has gradually become a focus of research. A second-order RC equivalent circuit model of a lithium-ion battery cell is modeled and analyzed in this paper. An adaptive expression of the variable forgetting factor is constructed. An adaptive forgetting factor recursive least square (AFFRLS) method for online identification of equivalent circuit model parameters is proposed. The equivalent circuit model parameters are identified online on the basis of the dynamic stress testing (DST) experiment. The online voltage prediction of the lithium-ion battery is carried out by using the identified circuit parameters. Taking the measurable actual terminal voltage of a single battery cell as a reference, by comparing the predicted battery terminal voltage with the actual measured terminal voltage, it is shown that the proposed AFFRLS algorithm is superior to the existing forgetting factor recursive least square (FFRLS) and variable forgetting factor recursive least square (VFFRLS) algorithms in accuracy and rapidity, which proves the feasibility and correctness of the proposed parameter identification algorithm.


BACKGROUND
The incidence of ischemic cerebrovascular disease (ICVD) has been increasing, leading to disability and deaths among middle-aged and elderly people. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is the gold standard for diagnosing ICVD, but it is invasive, expensive, and complex to operate. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound is characterized by high accuracy, simplicity, and low cost, and thus became the focus of this study.

METHODS
The databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and The Cochrane Library were searched from January 2000 to September 2020, for literature involving the use of TCD to diagnose ICVD. The software RevMan 5.3 was used for quality assessment, and forest plots and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves were drawn. The software STATA12.0 was adopted for publication bias analysis.

RESULTS
A total of 11 references were included, and the combined sensitivity, specificity, and 95% confidence interval (CI) of TCD were 0.93 (0.75 to 1.00) and 0.95 (0.78 to 1.00), respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) of SROC was 0.887.

DISCUSSION
Superb capabilities in diagnosing ICVD have been demonstrated by TCD, and it should therefore be applied in the clinic. The results are important to realize early diagnosis of ICVD and improve the prognosis of patients.


The effect of flute diameter, helical angle, active roll length, and fluted roll speed on flow evenness and rate obtained from fluted roll metering devices in seed drills with ammonium sulphate and diammonium phosphate fertilizers was studied. In conclusion, flute diameter, helical angle, active roll length, and fluted roll speed had a significant effect on the flow evenness and rate of both fertilizers. In order to obtain even flow, the roll flutes should be designed with a diameter of 14 mm and a helical angle of 20° for the two fertilizers. The fluted roll metering device should be run with active roll lengths of 5 and 10 mm at roll speeds between 10 and 65 rpm for ammonium sulphate and between 20 and 50 rpm for diammonium phosphate.


The safety investigation agency is a modern concept introduced in the transportation branch by ICAO, since Annex 13 to the Chicago Convention requires a separate safety investigation to be conducted by a Member State in case of serious occurrences, accidents and incidents, the main purpose being preventing future similar occurrences and increasing the safety level of the air operations. Such a body is subject to various tasks and limitations supporting the achievement of its targets, it is not a manufacturer or service supplier and it is not similar to other kind of governmental agencies. This paper should provide a model to develop guidance on QMS applied to the very specific case of a civil aviation safety investigation agency.


This article seeks to accomplish four tasks. It explores the historical relationship between the financing instruments that dominated different phases of the evolution of the UN development system and the understanding of the concept of multilateralism. Bearing in mind this historical context, it seeks to analyse the defining characteristics of multilateral finance in the context of the UN, in particular the characteristics that make a financial instrument more or less multilateral. It then explores a number of new financial instruments and their possible impact on the future shape multilateralism takes in the UN system. The article concludes with some thoughts on financing for a new multilateralism. In order to go beyond the core/non-core stalemate, it is necessary to develop a new variable geometry based on function, which brings into play assessed, negotiated pledges, voluntary core and non-core instruments.


In a shift from fee-for-service to value-based care, UnitedHealthcare has launched a pilot bundled payment model with the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center for head and neck cancers.


Abstract Various obstacles to changing assessment procedures are built in to the structure of many higher education institutions. Three views of examinations are: radical (wanting to see the current system abolished), conservative (wanting to see it preserved), and liberal (wanting to see it reformed). In considering how examinations can be changed, five dimensions of assessment are presented: complexity, weighting, time allowed, task distribution over time and predictability. It is important to specify objectives, for only then can assessment have logical meaning, but they should not be too rigid, trivial or over‐constraining. Students should be more involved in the assessment procedure. Profile assessment seems a good idea.


Geothermal heat pumps are widely recognized as very efficient systems for heating and cooling applications that combine a high potential for saving on primary energy and greenhouse gas emissions with a very long life span and low maintenance. Different ways to interface the heat pump with the ground are in use, but by far the largest number of systems use a closed loop heat exchanger placed vertically to depths varying between perhaps 30 and 400 meters. In these socalled "Borehole Heat Exchangers" (BHE) heat is exchanged between the primary side (the fluid flowing through the loop and heat pump) and secondary side (the ground volume) due to a temperature difference.


Tourism is the lifeblood of many small island independent states and those that are categorized as small non-independent jurisdictions (SNIJs) such as Aruba. The question that this paper proposes to address is whether and how tourism helps or hinders island development. Research has been conducted on the economic effects of tourism in a global context; however, our approach is to look at its effect in one destination, Aruba, and to contextualize this research by situating it among other Caribbean islands. The rationale is that tourism is of more significance to the Caribbean in terms of economic dependence and tourism intensity. Because of the density of tourism in Aruba and its mono-economical development paradigm this makes for an ideal case study. Our methodology is based on an ontological review of the relationship between tourism and economic development utilizing a contextualized definition of development that fits within the philosophical position of Amartya Sen. In that context defined not just in terms of GDP growth but the enhanced social welfare of its citizens also in the Senian sense as distance from unfreedom. The concept of unfreedom for purposes of this paper is based on the extent to which there is an inertia to shift paradigms even if the existing paradigm enhances vulnerability, fragility and restricts opportunities to its citizenry. Therefore, despite its impact on the economy in terms of foreign exchange, investments, and employment, there are considerable and pervasive externalities which should be considered in conceptualizing the totality of tourism's effect on economic and social development. In this essay, we consider Sen's (2000) definition of development as freedom and situate it in that context and introduce the work of envelopment theory as conceptualized by Sankatsing (2016).


Terrestrial reference frames (TRFs) of high quality are indispensable for many geoscientific and geodetic applications including very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) data analysis. While secular station coordinate changes, for instance due to tectonic plate motion, are well represented by a linear model, current accuracy requirements demand modeling of non-linear signals such as surface deformations due to mass loading or post-seismic deformations. In this paper, we portray a TRF solution solely based on VLBI data, employing Kalman filtering and smoothing for the computation of session-wise coordinates of 104 VLBI radio telescopes over more than 30 years. We compare our VLBI TRF to the multi-technique ITRF solutions ITRF2014 and JTRF2014, focusing on the different approaches of modeling non-linear signals. Overall, a good agreement is found for strong postseismic deformations, but the three solutions diverge in terms of seasonal signals.


A simple criterion for testing a sufficient condition of interval matrix asymptotic stability based on application of the 'circular approximation method' is discussed and illustrated via two examples.


Hydrodynamic dispersion experiment was done with unsaturated silt loam.Depend on mass conservation law,the formulas to calculate coefficient of hydrodynamic dispersion was developed.According to the data of soil water and salt regime measured from the upright soil column,the coefficient of hydrodynamic dispersion was calculated,and the relation between hydrodynamic dispersion and average flow velocity in soil voids was built up.This approach has clear concept of physics,and the formulas are simple and applied.


This chapter focuses on the degree to which the surveyed national and migrant populations identify with different entities, such as their country of residence, the European Union, or the world as a whole. The comparative analysis shows differences in the transnationalism-identification nexus between nationals in the different countries, between nationals and migrants in the same country and, between migrants in different countries. Overall, the nexus is found to be weaker than expected. We also explore the distinction between Europe-centred supranational identification and a more broadly defined understanding of cosmopolitanism. Evidence reveals that European identification is not a variation of cosmopolitanism, but rather a distinct phenomenon in its own right, which is also more evident in some national contexts.


The ferroelectric polarization properties of bismuth ferrite (BFO) thin films deposited on Pt(111)/TiO 2 /SiO 2 /Si(100) substrates by sol-gel spin-coating technology affected by the processes and dopants have been studied and analyzed tentatively. The results indicate BFO thin film should be introduced to a rapid thermal annealing (RTA) process at N 2 atmosphere. The enhanced ferroelectric polarization properties were observed in Mn and La doped BFO thin films, because ion substitution may improve the inherent volatility of Bi atoms, valence fluctuation of Fe ions and magnetic spin structures, reducing the formation of oxygen vacancies. The increased remnant polarization observed in the BFO thin film with a lead zirconate titanate (PZT) seeding layer has also been analyzed as the probable results of small changes of lattice parameters caused by constraint stress, reduced defects and decreased leakage current density, which are contributed by the PZT seeding layer possibly. Moreover, the remnant polarization approximately 79 μ C/cm 2 is observed in (Bi 0.95 La 0.05 )FeO 3 (BLFO) thin film with a PZT seeding layer, which is twice and treble the values of BFO thin films with and without a PZT seeding layer, indicating PZT seeding layer is much more effective for BLFO thin film which has a substitution at A site.


Cecille Estrelloso, 1 Angelica Cuyno, 2 Jaicha Gimoros, 2 and Reynaldo B. Inocian 2 . 1. State Scholars, College of Teacher Education, Cebu Normal University, Cebu City, Philippines, 6000. 2. Institute for Research in Innovative Instructional Delivery (IRIID), Cebu Normal University, Cebu City, Philippines, 6000. ...................................................................................................................... Manuscript Info Abstract ......................... ........................................................................ Manuscript History Received: 01 November 2018 Final Accepted: 03 December 2018 Published: January 2019


As a result of fast increase in use of chemical substances such as food additives in all areas; determining whether these chemical substances have negative effect in the genetic structure of living things has gained much importance. Food additives are the substances added to food with the aim of preserve flavor, appearance, texture and nutritional value. Investigating the genotoxic potential of food preservatives and ensuring food safety are very important issues in improvement of public health. Genotoxicity studies evaluate a substance in terms of its ability for interfering with DNA through induction of gene mutations, chromosome aberrations or other forms of DNA damage. The level of genetic damage caused by physical and chemical agents and their effects on human health can be determined in mammalian cells, bacteria, Drosophila or plants through various test systems. In this review, publications about genotoxic effects of food preservatives have been compiled and the results of genotoxicity tests carried out in different test systems have been submitted.


Phytopathogens are known to be the leading cause of important plant diseases which result in significant losses in agricultural crops. The need to maintain the level of yield both quantitatively and qualitatively is vital in order to curb the losses. So far there has been a positive advance recognized in research to the use of tropical fungi as biocontrol agents. The objective of this study was to screen for antagonistic tropical fungi against selected phytopathogens of maize ( Zea mays L.) and beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) namely Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium moniliforme, Pythium ultimum, and Colletotrichum lindemuthianum in vitro. A total of 87 tropical fungi isolates were collected from Kakamega tropical rainforest, Kenya. Dual culture experiment was carried out to screen the tropical fungi against the selected phytopathogens. The bioassay was performed in a completely randomised design in triplicate and the inhibition zones recorded after every week for three weeks. Differential biocontrol ability among nine tropical fungi was noticed against F. moniliforme with the percentage inhibition increasing over time. Fusarium solani was the most active antagonist with an inhibition of 64% while Phaeomarasmius sp. had the lowest activity of 19.1% against F. moniliforme . Epicoccum sp. inhibited the mycelial growth of P. ultimum by 38% and also inhibited C . lindemuthianum by 58%. None of the fungal antagonists inhibited the mycelial growth of F . graminearum . The outcome of this study indicates that tropical fungi can be used as biocontrol agents and can be further explored and developed into effective fungicides for management of phytopathogens.


1. Introduction. Morse's equation, which is the main tool, is equation (7). It is used to prove several different equations, many of which are described briefly in this introduction and more fully in the body of the paper. To motivate the concept of the pullback vector field, which is the first item in the title and the first subject of the paper, we consider the following question. Let V be a vector field on R n. Suppose that M n is a smooth manifold of dimension n, and suppose that f : M → R n is a smooth map. We ask the question: Is there a vector field V * on M so that f * (V * (m)) = V (f (m)) for every m ∈ M ? Here


In 2019, a new national Ethics Review Authority (Etikprövningsmyndigheten, EPM) was created in Sweden. In 2020, Sweden's Ethical Review of Research Involving Humans Act was revised, tightening this legislation, and increasing penalties for its infraction. This article draws on empirical material generated by artistic research conducted with a norm-critical contemporary music ensemble. Two of the musicians who collaborated with this research identify as disabled. Consequently, in accordance with EPM, my artistic research was subject to mandatory ethics review. Reflecting critically on my own experience of seeking ethical approval for this artistic research project, I show how EPM's process of ethics review enacts scientific boundary work in Sweden that privileges the interests of academic disciplines that are already well-established. As a corrective to EPM's scientific boundary work I propose the application of an ethics of care that recognises the complex relationalities that exist between research institutions, researchers and research participants.


The following thesis project investigated whether t here is a need for change in organizational culture within the Canadian public sector in order to etain Millennials within the public service. Therefore the purpose of this study was to explore why Millennials within the public service in Canada might stay in or leave their current positio ns within the public sector. A survey consisting of open-ended questions was conducted to licit information on what aspects of organizational culture impact the retention of Mill ennials within the Canadian public sector. Nine major themes emerged from the findings: social responsibility, organizational structure/bureaucracy, opportunities, nature of wor k, leadership, people and relationships, worklife balance, commitment, and security. The thesis discusses these themes and comments on the significance of the findings as possible motivation f r future investigations into the Human Resources succession planning needs of public secto r ins itutions. Acknowledgements The completion of this thesis would not have been p ossible without the love, support and guidance of a few very key individuals. I am forev er grateful to my fiancé, Naheed, for his continuous love, thoughtfulness, and encouragement throughout these past two years. His unceasing belief in me gave me the strength to endu r many sleepless nights. As well, my parents, Allen and Nancy, I cannot thank enough. T eir unconditional and selfless support for so many years has made me the woman I am today. Not o nly have they played a very integral role in my survival as a graduate student, but have cont inued to be tremendous role models and inspiration throughout this academic journey. Thank you to my program advisor, Dr. Joshua Guilar , who has been a wonderful source of academic support, as well to my committee member s, D . Jennifer Walinga and Dr. David Chorney for their expertise and guidance. Thank yo u also to Royal Roads University, most specifically, the School of Communication and Cultu re, for their innovative program. Finally, I would like to thank the individuals who participated in this study. I feel so fortunate to have had such a motivated group of ind ividuals who embraced this process and eagerly offered their voices. The future of public sector is in the hands of some incredible young men and women.


THE five-minute veterinary consult formula has been to produce a series of books, each having a consistent format, with topics being addressed in an identical manner to serve as a quick reference guide. The books are updated frequently in order to provide up-to-date information in a rapidly


Variational principles provide a useful tool for deriving the evolution equations of a resonant triad of hydrodynamic waves, but they are often considered in the Lagrangian description, as Eulerian variational principles require the introduction of extra variables, related to the particle displacements. To show that a variational approach remains possible with these extra variables, the derivation of interaction equations is presented in detail for Rossby waves on a β-plane, using a variational principle based on the Clebsch representation of the velocity field.


In the process of ultrasonic testing of centrifugal spheroidal graphite iron pipe nodularity,as the special shape of the pipe,it was very difficult to set the sound travel and the sound path.Transverse wave velocity method was designed with the special probe device to overcome the influence of the pipe thickness to the tested velocity.According to the tested transverse wave velocity in the centrifugal spheroidal graphite iron pipe,the linear relationship between the nodularity and the ultrasonic transversal wave velocity was obtained at room temperature.The testing results well met with the theoretical analysis.


It is very crucial for the byproduct gas system in steel industry to perform an accurate and timely scheduling, which enables to reasonably utilize the energy resources and effectively reduce the production cost of enterprises. In this study, a novel data-driven-based dynamic scheduling thought is proposed for the real-time gas scheduling, in which a probability relationship described by a Bayesian network is modeled to determine the adjustable gas users that impact on the gas tanks level, and to give their scheduling amounts online by maximizing the posterior probability of the users' operational statuses. For the practical applicability, the obtained scheduling solution can be further verified by a recurrent neural network reported in literature. To indicate the effectiveness of the proposed data-driven scheduling method, the real gas flow data coming from a steel plant in China are employed, and the experimental results indicate that the proposed method can provide real-time and scientific gas scheduling solution for the energy system of steel industry.


This is a comprehensive study of the rainfall response over Africa to ENSO episodes in the Pacific. The harmonic method utilized by Ropelewski and Halpert is applied to 90 regionally averaged rainfall time series for the period 1901‐1990. The analysis was a composite of 20 episodes within this period. Seasons of maximum positive anomalies and maximum negative anomalies in the composite were identified. The method identifies 15 multiregion sectors where ENSO appears to modulate rainfall. The strongest signals are in eastern equatorial and south-eastern Africa. A continental-scale signal is also apparent. The magnitude, seasonal timing and duration, and consistency of the rainfall response to ENSO vary among the sectors and from episode to episode. The rainfall response is clearly seasonally specific. In general, the onset of the ENSO signal in rainfall commences far to the south and propagates latitudinally northward. For this reason, the equatorial regions are out-of-phase with the continental pattern. The ENSO mechanism is probably responsible for many of the well-established rainfall teleconnections over the continent, including the strong tendency for opposite anomalies in equatorial and southern Africa. There is a strong tendency for positive anomalies to occur during the first half of the ENSO cycle, negative during the second half. This corresponds to 'cold' and 'warm' phases in the adjacent Atlantic and Indian Oceans; continentally, rainfall tends to be enhanced during the cold phase, reduced during the warm phase. The northward propagation is most pronounced during the cold phase; a similar propagation and phase shift occurs at this time in the Atlantic. The rainfall anomalies of the warm phase are nearly constant in phase, as are the SST anomalies in the Indian Ocean. This suggests that, in general, the Atlantic Ocean controls rainfall during the cold phase, the Indian Ocean during the warm phase.


Background & Objective: In the last decades, many successful anticancer fungal metabolites have been obtained, and fungi have shown great potential to produce beneficial anticancer drug compounds. In this article, the effects of the reference strain of Trichoderma reesei ethanolic extract on the Hepa1-6 cell line were studied.
Materials & Methods: The fungus was initially cultured in the potato dextrose agar media, and then, it was transferred to yeast peptone dextrose broth. Afterward, the ethanolic and aquatic extracts were prepared, and were analyzed by chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Then, the cell lines were treated with different doses of the extracts. The cytotoxic activity of fungal extracts were evaluated by MTT assay, Ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) Assay. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) measurement tests were done on the culture and cell fractions. Hematoxylin & Eosin staining was performed for microscopic studies, and an oxidant attack-antioxidant defense test was performed on the cell fraction.
Results: GC-MS determined compounds such as cineal, cyclohexene, hydroxyethyl benzaldehyde, terpinenyl acetate, dihydro esthophyllene, propionic acid, hexadecanoic acid, and octadecanoic acid were extracted from the fungal extract. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was between 7-8%, and the highest cytotoxic effectiveness was 10-15%. An increase in the levels of ALP, LDH enzymes, and total protein was observed.
Conclusion: Therefore, the findings suggest that the extract of T. reesei has inhibitory effects on Hepa1-6 cancer cell lines.


Objective
To establish radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) Beagle models, investigate the efficacy of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the detection of RIHD and observe the pathological changes.

Methods
The ventricular anterior wall of 12 Beagle dogs were X-ray irradiated locally with a single dose of 20 Gy. 18F-FDG PET/CT and echocardiography were performed at baseline and 3 months after radiation. ROI was drawn on the irradiation field and the non-irradiation field (the posterior wall of left ventricle) to obtain the SUVmax. Then the SUVmax ratio of the irradiation field to the non-irradiation field (INR) was calculated. The left ventricular function parameters before and after radiation were obtained by echocardiography. Within 1 week after the imaging examinations were finished, the dogs were sacrificed, and hearts were taken out to perform pathological observation. Paired t test was used to analyze the data.

Results
High 18F-FDG uptake in the irradiation field was shown 3 months after radiation. The average INRs before and after radiation were 0.99±0.15 and 2.54±0.43 respectively (t=7.021, P=0.001). No significant difference was observed on cardiac function parameters between baseline and 3 months after radiation(t values: from -1.253 to -0.786, all P>0.05). The pathological results showed a few degenerated myocytes, increased thickness of myocardial vascular walls in irradiated myocardium.

Conclusions
18F-FDG PET/CT can detect early RIHD before abnormal cardiac function. Increased 18F-FDG uptake in irradiated field may be related to myocardial ischemia which results from microvascular damage by radiation.

Key words:
Radiation injuries, experimental; Heart; Positron-emission tomography; Tomography, X-ray computed; Deoxyglucose


Guidelines for more accurate assessment of pipe corrosion-damage severity have been developed as a result of research by NOVA Corporation of Alberta. Following these damage-assessment guidelines could help pipeline operators prevent unnecessary and expensive pipe repair or removals. This first part of a two-part series on this research presents the background and establishes the kind of corrosion under scrutiny. The conclusion will present the results of burst tests performed by NOVA. These guidelines have been successfully used by NOVA to analyze data from in-line inspection of the 20-in. Peace River main line.


In this paper we consider steady vortex flows for the incompressible Euler equations in a planar bounded domain. By solving a variational problem for the vorticity, we construct steady double vortex patches with opposite signs concentrating at a strict local minimum point of the Kirchhoff-Routh function with $k=2$. Moreover, we show that such steady solutions are in fact local maximizers of the kinetic energy among isovortical patches, which correlates stability to uniqueness.


Jahoda, G., 1962: Development of Scottish children's ideas and attitudes about other countries, Journal of Social Psychology 58, pp. 91-108. Jahoda, G., 1964: Children's concepts of nationality: a critical study of Piaget's stages, Child Dcvetlopment 35, pp. 1081-1092. Piaget, J. & A. Weil, 1951: The development in children of the idea of the Homeland and of relations with other countries, International Social Science Bulletin 3, pp. 561-578. Statt, D., 1968: Between man and man Co-existence 5, pp. 85-95. Statt, D., 1972: National identity in US and Canadian children, Political Youth, Traditional Schools, Chapter 3, B. Massialas (ed.), Prentice-Hall, New Jersey.


This chapter presents factors to consider in the design of online assessments for all students, including students with disabilities and English-language learners. It presents a process and considerations for the initial transformation of paper-and-pencil assessments to inclusive online assessments, focusing on features of universal design, the use of assistive technology, and an examination of the use of individual accommodations in light of the content tested. The authors hope to convey the importance of implementing a process for addressing these considerations from the beginning of online assessment design. Retrofitting completed assessments can result in concerns about validity. 701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Suite 200, Hershey PA 17033, USA Tel: 717/533-8845; Fax 717/533-8661; URL-http://www.idea-group.com ITB11527 INFORMATION SCIENCE PUBLISHING This chapter appears in the book, Online Assessment and Measurement: Foundations and Challenges edited by Mary Hricko and Scott Howell, © 2006, Idea Group Inc. Factors to Consider in the Design of Inclusive Online Assessments 103 Copyright © 2006, Idea Group Inc. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc. is prohibited. Introduction Learners today are a diverse group. In the context of laws such as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) for children in public preschools and K12 schools, and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) for individuals who have left school, nearly 12% of the population of learners have been identified as having disabilities of various types. The United States also has many learners for whom English is not their first language. In the past decade there has been a 72% increase in the number of English-language learners in the K-12 public schools, up to nearly 4 million students. With this diversity in learners today, we can no longer afford to think of online learning and online assessment without making sure that these are inclusive of all individuals, including those with disabilities and those who are English-language learners. For the full benefits of online assessments to be realized, a thoughtful and systematic process must occur to examine the transformation of existing paperand-pencil assessments. It is not enough to simply transfer test items from paper to screen. Not only will poor design elements that exist on the paper version of the test transfer to the screen, but additional challenges may be introduced that reduce the validity of inferences from the assessment results and possibly exclude some groups of students from assessment participation. This chapter presents factors to consider in the design of online assessments for all students, including students with disabilities and English-language learners. The focus of this chapter is on operational large-scale assessments with common items that measure grade-level content. We do not address the complex issues involved in computerized adaptive testing. The chapter begins with opportunities and challenges presented by this approach to assessment and then explores research about effective, universally designed assessments and technology-based accommodations, relating this research to online assessment design features. Finally, we present a process and considerations for the initial transformation of paper-and-pencil assessments to inclusive online assessments. Opportunities and Challenges of Online Assessments for Diverse Learners Online technology has been touted as a tool that can be used to empower diverse learners, including students with disabilities and English-language learners (Goldberg & O'Neill, 2000). Specifically, online assessments have been viewed 14 more pages are available in the full version of this document, which may be purchased using the "Add to Cart" button on the publisher's webpage: www.igi-global.com/chapter/factors-consider-design-inclusiveonline/27684


Action research is often included in teacher education programs to improve teacher reflection and practice; however, there is little indication of its impact on students. In this article, the authors examine action research conducted by 114 experienced teachers enrolled in a masters of education program. The teachers came from a range of disciplines and grade levels. Based on their investigation, the authors determined that action research provided a vehicle for teachers to (a) establish more personal relationships with students, (b) develop a better understanding of students as learners, and (c) give students a voice in the classroom. The authors illustrate these themes with three portraits of exemplar teachers.


Questions: Perching and nursing effects drive initial steps of forest expansion over grasslands. Nursing effect is obviously related to niche mechanisms, while perching effect is likely to result both from neutral and niche factors. This study assessed the effect of neutral and niche factors on species composition in sapling communities developing beneath isolated trees/shrubs (ITS) in grassland.

Location: A mosaic of Campos grassland and Araucaria forest in Sao Francisco de Paula, southern Brazil (29°28′S, 50°13′W).

Methods: We described sapling communities beneath 32 ITS using mean number of forest woody saplings of different species. We performed a stepwise canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) to select ITS traits that maximized the association with species composition. Then we evaluated the contribution of distance from seed source, ITS traits and distance-structured ITS traits on sapling community assembly using a variation partitioning method based on CCA and partial CCA.

Results: Sapling species composition was significantly explained by ITS traits (ITS dispersal mode, ITS growth form, crown area:ITS height ratio, crown area, ITS height and crown area:volume ratio). Distance from seed sources explained only a minor, non-significant fraction of sapling species composition. Distance-structured trait variation was negligible.

Conclusions: Sapling community assembly beneath ITS was mostly explained by niche factors related to both nursing and perching effects. Dispersal limitation explained only a small fraction of variation in species composition beneath ITS, suggesting that neutral-based perching effect had a minor role in community assembly.


Key Points Question Can a curated, annotated, and publicly available data set of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) volumes be created for the development and validation of breast cancer computer-aided detection algorithms? Findings In this diagnostic study, a curated and annotated data set of DBT studies that contained 22 032 reconstructed DBT volumes from 5060 patients was made publicly available. A deep learning algorithm for breast cancer detection was developed and tested, with a sensitivity of 65% on a test set. Meaning In this study, the publicly available data set, alongside the deep learning model, could significantly advance the research on machine learning tools in breast cancer screening and medical imaging in general.


This paper investigates the cultural grounding of animal idioms describing human behavior in Upper Tanana Athabascan. Semantically, we can identify two types of idioms. Type I idioms are grounded in observations of real-life animals. They are iconic in that they are based on, and evoke, rich images. Type II idioms are grounded in mythology. Certain animals are cultural symbols, representing a particular trait. Type II idioms are thus symbolic. Comparison with other Alaskan Athabascan languages demonstrates that such idioms are common, but also that they are extremely endangered since they are part of the colloquial, rather than formal, language.


Comparison of the relative volatility of C4 hydrocarbons with respect to divinyl in the presence of various separating agents was made


The axial distribution of filtering response of fiber Bragg grating(FBG) along grating space is investigated,to clarify the local filtering features of FBG.Firstly,as for uniform,apodized and chirped FBGs,their axial distributions of optical field within the refection band are obtained.In uniform FBGs,the optical field is mostly reflected inside the first half length,and the local optical reflection along the whole length is asymmetric.The local optical reflection in apodized FBGs shows a uniform and symmetric distribution.In chirped FBGs,the optical field at different wavelengths is mostly reflected at different positions of grating length,following the chirp effect.The influence of refractive index and grating length on the axial distribution of reflected optical field is then analyzed.The increase of refractive index modulation leads to that the optical reflected field becomes more concentrated to the first half length,while the rise of grating length shows little impact on the local reflection area.In addition,the axial distributions of sampled FBG and sampled FBG with equivalent phase shift are analyzed as well,resulting in the exact influence of sampling function and equivalent phase shift on the axial distribution.


This study provides new insights into the dynamics of attribute-specific customer requirements in innovation processes. For this purpose, a panel study with three survey time points was conducted based on the Kano model. These time points were localised before and after the launch of a novel scientific online platform. In contrast to previous research, subjects' responses were linked across the three measurement time points. This matching of the respondents enabled the identification of segments of homogeneous time-dependent shifts in customer requirements and their description based on sociodemographic, acceptance- related, and usage-based characteristics. The results provide academics and managers with practical implications and avenues for future research.


Private equity and venture capital firms are just as important to the evolution of the oil and gas industry as the leading operators and service companies. This became evident during the oil price crash when public equity opportunities disappeared and lenders shied away from the industry amid scores of bankruptcies.
 Illustrating the point earlier this year was Wil VanLoh, founder and CEO of Quantum Energy Partners, who boasted during the NAPE Global Business Conference that his firm would "look really similar to a superindependent" if it were to aggregate all the companies in which it's currently investing, which altogether tally 2.3 million net acres, 350,000 BOE/D, and 32 rigs working across the US and Canada.
 With the backing of private investment, entrepreneurs who previously worked for companies such as Shell, Anadarko, Halliburton, Baker Hughes, and even smaller, lesser known entities have applied their unique skills and ideas to find, develop, and produce the latest generation of prolific oil and gas fields quicker and with less money than ever before. But finding those innovators who are actually capable of turning their dreams into reality is difficult. And when you're the firm tasked with bearing the financial risk that comes with backing fledgling companies that hope to break into an already volatile industry, you tend be choosy.
 Enter Charlie Leykum, founder of CSL Capital Management, a 10-year-old private equity firm that builds and acquires controlling interests in oil and gas service and equipment companies. It's currently launching its $1.5-billion Fund III as well as a special-purpose acquisition company, which raises capital from public investors, enabling them to participate in private equity purchases.
 "So much of what we do is finding not just an individual or a group of individuals who are technically or commercially really savvy," but finding a "harmonized, well-working team," Leykum said during the SPE Gulf Coast Section's recent Innovation Entrepreneurship Symposium. CSL only considers business plans where a team is either in place or assembling with "a subject matter expert who's the key decision maker" as well as technical and operations personnel. Together, they must have a firm grasp of the challenges and risks involved in building a business.
 When looking at possible investments, CSL wants technical leadership in a market. When CSL invested in a fracturing company in the early 2000s that ended up successful, Leykum said, the firm partnered with a major service company's "lead fracturing executive for the business line" whose skills and expertise could solve—and had solved—unique challenges in different basins.


Employee performance contains work results in quality and quantity achieved by an employee in carrying out his duties according to his responsibilities. The purpose of this study was to see the effect of Performance Pressure and Workload on Work Stress and its impact simultaneously on employee performance. The population in this study was all employees who worked at the Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh, as many as 328 people. The sample was taken with a stratified random sampling method on 140 people. The result shows that Performance pressure does not affect employee performance, Workload affects employee performance, Performance pressure affects the work stress, Workload affects work stress, Work stress affects employee performance, Work stress mediates the effect of performance pressure on employee performance, and Work stress mediates the effect of workload on employee performance. The role of work stress in mediating the effect of performance pressure on employee performance is as a full mediation, while in mediating the effect of performance pressure on employee performance the work stress acts as a partial mediation. These results indicate that increasing performance pressure is necessary so that it can increase adjustment to work stress and have an impact on improving employee performance. Performance pressure cannot directly affect employee performance but must go through work stress as a mediator. On the other hand, workloads can affect employee performance either directly or through work stress as a mediator. Increased adjustments to workloads will increase adjustments to work stress and have an impact on improving employee performance. For future researchers, it is advisable to develop this tested model by adding variables such as talent management and human capital, which are of course closely related to the discussion and development of performance models. Keyword: Performance Pressure, Workload, Work Stress, Employee Performance.


Digital reservoir system is the virtual counterpart of prototype reservoir.Combined with daily management of Luhun reservoir,by application of 3S and virtual simulation technique,research on dynamic monitoring of hydraulic structures and function mechanism was carried out.This paper presented the development process of informatization construction at Luhun reservoir and discussed the role of digital reservoir system in operation management.


Despite some concerns regarding their validity (1), systematic reviews and meta-analyses remain important in bridging the gap between scientific evidence and clinical practice. The Centre for Evidence-based Medicine recommends that the highest level of evidence (Level 1) should be based on systematic review of studies with homogeneity (2). This applies to research dealing with therapy, prevention, etiology, harm, prognosis, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and symptom prevalence, as well as economic and decision analyses. Given the enormous amount of published information, it is impossible for medical practitioners to read all that is published, to synthesise the evidence, to come to a meaningful interpretation of results and apply that in clinical practice. Systematic reviews, such as Cochrane reviews, respond to this challenge by identifying, appraising and synthesizing research-based evidence and presenting it in a form that is easy to access and understand. Many systematic reviews contain metaanalysis, which is the use of statistical methods to summarize the results of independent studies. By combining information from all relevant studies, meta-analyses can provide more precise estimates of the effects of healthcare than those derived from the individual studies included within a review. They also facilitate investigations of the consistency of evidence across studies, and the exploration of differences across studies (3). The generally agreed-upon purposes of a systematic review/meta-analysis are the following: 1. Estimation of the summary of quantitative difference: effect size, likelihood or odds ratios, relative risk, number needed to treat etc. 2. Clarification of conflicting evidence 3. Exploration of publication bias 4. To study an uncommon condition


Objective:To study the anatomy and strength of the posterior longitudinal ligament(PLL) and to investigate the mechanical behavior of the posterior longitudinal ligament to retropulsed bone fragment in spinal canal in different conditions of thoracolumbar burst fracture.Method:Fresh cadaver thoracolumbar spine specimen were used to observe the morphology of PLL and to tested it′s tension strength.Then a probe containing a strain gauge tip which mimicked as a retropulsed fragment by passing through L1 body tunnel was used to test the indirect reduction force in diferent spinal conditions.Result:The result demonstrated that PLL of thoracolumbar segment was wider than remaining segment and the mean of tension strength was 197 7N.The indirect reduction force of PLL without axial distraction was less than with axial distraction ( P 0 05).There was not a significant difference statistically between lordosis and kyphosis after axial distraction.There was a good correlation between the degree of canal encroachment and indirect reduction force of PLL.Conclusion:The morphologic features and tension strength of PLL are basis for the indirect reduction of retropulsed fragment in spinal canal of thoracolumbar burst fracture.Regardless of the sagital plane angulation of the injuried spine,the indirect reduction force of PLL is mainly affected by axial distraction force.It is importment to use the distraction device in management thoracolumbar burst fracture in order to achieve indirect reduction of retropulsed fragment in spinal canal.


In Malaysia, piling activities are very active due to the numerous development projects that are on-going now. Types of piles used for these development projects can broadly be divided into displacement and replacement piles. Given many uncertainties inherent in the design and construction of piles, it is difficult to predict the performance of a pile. In order to mitigate and prevent such occurrence, a comprehensive pile-testing program must be conducted. Load testing can be carried out on preliminary piles to confirm the pile data and design. Although pile load tests add to the cost of foundation, the saving can be substantial in the event that the improvement of the foundation design can be materialized. Pile test can be generally be divided into three (3) main categories, which are Static Load Test such as Maintain Load Test, Dynamic Load Test such as High Strain Dynamic Load Test and Statnamic Load Test which is the combination of the latter. For pile foundation projects, it is usually necessary to confirm the capacity and to verify the behavior of the piles agrees with the assumptions of the design. The foundations design requires a good knowledge of the soil behavior, the methods of pile testing and the analysis of piles used. In this study, the methods employed for Maintain Load Test are such as Davisson's Method, Chin's Method, Mazurkiewicz's Method and De Beer's Method. Meanwhile, CAPWAP analysis is employed for High Strain Dynamic Load Test. Based from the comparison it was found that De Beer's Method provide best capability to predict ultimate pile capacity. From the CAPWAP analysis, it shows that the mobilised capacity is approximately 30% to 60% higher than the ultimate pile capacity from Maintain Load Test


Since the middle of last century there have been a plethora of studies trying to comprehend the fine control of adhesive contacts involved in establishment, maintainance and remodelling of epithelial architecture during animal development and adulthood. Depending on the experimental model, surprising and even contradictory data have been obtained. Among these, the in vivo systems outperform in vitro models in terms of understanding the animal biology.
It is known that thyroid hormones (THs) modulate energy metabolism, growth and development by independent mechanisms. Thyroid calorigenesis is influenced predominantly via thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) that mediate synthesis of mitochondrial respiratory complexes and cell membrane sodium-potassium ATPase; whereas it is debate matter if many of the TH effects over epithelial development are principally mediated via growth factors, TRs or transmembrane proteins.
Present work presents molecular evidences that T3 modulates the epithelial adhesive potential during gut remodeling in X. laevis development, differentially activating E-cadherin, β-catenin and α-catenin genes, and downstream, modulating small GTP-binding proteins involved in adhesive epithelial properties.


Stillbirth is the leading cause of infant loss. According to the March of Dimes, 1 in 100 births in the U.S. or 24,000 births a year end in stillbirth. Medical risk factors for stillbirth include o...


The features of development of external respiration development and anthropometric indices in children living in different climatic-geographic and ecological conditions have been studied. It has been shown that at the age from 11 to 15 y.o., growth and development of the respiratory system in children in the examined climatic-geographic regions were significantly different. In children of the Vladimir region, there was observed the most rapid increase in body mass, body mass index, forced respiratory capacity from 11 to 13 y.o. in contrast to children from Kalmykia where the period of the most rapid growth and development is observed at the age 13-15 y.o.


(SUS). Assim, torna-se fundamental que os serviços contemplem essas mulheres ABSTRACT The change of paradigms within science has given rise, in mental health, to the reform of reductionist thinking in traditional psychiatry. Psychiatric reform proposes the arduous task of shifting the focus of actions and services in health from disease to subject. After seventeen years of reformulation of the Brazilian National Mental Health Policy, it has not yet been possible to achieve the full attention of subjects in psychic suffering. When the subject is the maternity of women in psychic suffering, it seems that we still walk at slow steps. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the national and international literary production about the experience of the maternity of women in psychic suffering. For this purpose, the existing literature was reviewed with the descriptors 'mental health' and 'maternity' correlated in the Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases. In view of the restriction of titles in Portuguese, the international databases associated with the platform were searched for productions based on the descriptor 'mental health' correlated with descriptors 'mothering' and 'parenting'. The analysis of the productions found highlighted the scarcity of researches that dialogue about the experiences of maternity of women in psychic suffering. This finding corroborates the perception of the current Brazilian reality: the integral assistance of women in psychic suffering is far from being effective. The recognition of this experience is a necessary condition for the execution of mental health services in line with the principles of equity and integrality recommended by the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). Therefore, it is essential that health services contemplate these women beyond the place of carriers of a disease.


Presynaptic vesicle release can be acutely upregulated by activation of the diacylglycerol (DAG) / protein kinase C (PKC) pathway. Munc13 and Munc18-1 were previously identified as essential substrates in this pathway. Synaptotagmin-1 is phosphorylated by PKC, which increases binding of synaptotagmin-1 to SNARE proteins, but previous research suggested that this does not influence secretory granule secretion in neuroendocrine cells. We show that a non-phosphorylatable mutant of synaptotagmin-1 completely inhibits phorbol ester-induced potentiation of evoked release in hippocampal neurons. This mutation also strongly reduced potentiation of spontaneous release, but only if alternative Ca2+ sensors, doc2 proteins, were absent. Importantly, replenishment of the readily releasable vesicle pool after intense stimulation was unaffected by the mutation, suggesting that synaptotagmin-1 phosphorylation acts downstream of priming. Thus, phosphorylation of synaptotagmin-1 is essential for a late step in PKC-dependent potentiation of vesicle release.


VIENNA INST. FOR ANTHROPOLOGY, VIENNA, AUSTRIA We provide a shape analysis of a Middle Neolithic (49004300 BC) human cranium introducing a new tool to geometric morphometrics: semilandmarks on surfaces. Two hydrocéphalies (34 and 12 years old) and a control group of morphologically regular formed crania (N=20) ranging from 2 years of age to adults are compared against an adolescent middle Neolithic specimen which is presumably hydrocéphalie. 42 anatomical landmarks and several thousand points on the neurocranial surface were either digitised using a Polhemus device or extracted from CT-data. Our algorithm automatically places 336 semilandmarks on the neurocranium and relaxes them against the Procrustes average preserving just information perpendicular to the surface. These three dimensional semilandmarks offer the opportunity of incorporating information about curved forms that lack traditional landmarks into statistical shape analysis. While all 3 hydrocéphalies possess very prominent parietal bosses, the Neolithic hydrocephalus is different in frontal bone shape, lying close to the variability obtained in the control group. This suggests that the Neolithic specimen could represent a case of acquired hydrocephalus where the sutures at the parietal and occipital region of the skull still had enough degrees of freedom to compensate the intracranial pressure, whereas the frontal suture had already fused.


Green chiretta leaves, known for its bitterness, is an Indonesian native traditional herb, used for its functional and medicinal properties. This research aimed to reduce the bitterness of green chiretta leaves using adsorbent technique and to observe how it might affect the functional properties of the chiretta leaves. The debittering process was done by utilizing diatomite, bentonite, and attapulgite as the adsorbent, together with 5, 10, and 20 minutes of boiling time. The leaves were then subjected to bitterness and phytochemical analysis. The bitterness was analyzed using scalar methods, the antioxidant properties were analyzed by measuring the IC50 value against DPPH solution, and the phytochemical compounds (total phenolic, flavonoid, alkaloid, tannin, and terpenoid) was analyzed quantitatively. Different adsorbent will adsorb different phytochemical compound. As the boiling time increases, the number of phytochemical compounds also reduced, hence resulting in a decrease of bitterness and IC50 value. This study found that the use of attapulgite with 20 minutes of boiling reduce the bitterness up to (90%) of the leaves due to its ability to adsorb terpenoid content while still retained their antioxidant properties better than bentonite or diatomite.


Bambo particles as a waste byproduct from bamboo processing industry are suggested to be a promising material for binderless particleboard. The quality of binderless particleboard is affected by several factors, such as pretreatment, pressing method, pressing condition, moisture content, and particle size. This study was focused on the effect of particle size and moisture content on the physical and mechanical properties of binderless particleboard from Petung bamboo ( Dendrocalamus asper Backer) and conducted using the completely randomized design with two factors. Bamboo particles in three types of particle size, i.e. coarse (10~20 mesh), medium (20~60 mesh), and fine (passed 60 mesh), were used as materials for binderless board. Each particle size was then prepared for two moisture content conditions: air dry and 20±2%. Binderless boards were prepared by hot pressing at temperature of 200°C for 15 min, and the properties of the binderless boards were then evaluated according to the Japanese Industrial Standard for particleboard, JIS A 5908. The results showed that the binderless boards made from 20±2% moisture content particles showed better mechanical and dimensional properties than those made from air-dried particles. The binderless particleboard made from medium size and the moisture content of 20±2% recorded a modulus of rupture of 94 kg/cm², water absorption of 29%, thickness swelling of 5%, internal bond strength of 2.7 kg/cm², and modulus of elasticity of 19.490 kg/cm².


The study presents basic information on the curricular transformation of physical and sport education in Slovakia after the year 1989, which is related to the education process in the 21st century. What is more, it points to the basis for modern transformation in relation to sports as well as to insufficient undergraduate teacher training and its consequences for the performance of newly qualified teachers. These findings are partially included in the grant VEGA no. 1/0376/14 Physical Activity Intervention for the Prevention of Health of the Population of Slovakia.


In this work, we give an overview of current automatic mixing approaches, and note the absence of using high-level, semantic knowledge to inform mixing decisions. We then propose a system where processing parameters for music production are inferred from instrument-specific rules rather than low-level features. To this end, we compile a body of rules from practical mixing engineering literature, and assess the potential of a system using just these rules. We compare the system to human mixing engineers and traditional automatic mixing systems that only use extracted, low-level signal features. Its performance is discussed and future directions are established.


Chinese Traditional Villages (TV) were selected from millions of villages based on their important historical and cultural heritage value. The distribution of TV characterized by spatial differentiation is subject to complex and diverse influencing factors. This study takes 6819 TV in China (as of the end of 2019) as research objects to analyse the distribution density of TV in different provinces; the spatial autocorrelation module in ArcGIS' spatial statistical tool was used to analyse the distribution characteristics; a total of 9 factors were selected from the three indicator groups of climate, geography and humanities, and introduced into the clustering and outlier analysis (Anselin Local Moran's I) module to analyse their spatial relationships with TV distribution. The results show that: 1. The spatial distribution of Chinese TV presents an obvious uneven aggregation state. Among them, the highest distribution density was 10.18 per 10,000 km2 in Zhejiang province, while less than 0.5 per 10,000 km2 in Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Tibet and Xinjiang. The Global Moran's I index of TV distribution is 0.352, and the z-value of normal statistic is 949.76, which has a strong spatial autocorrelation. 2. The distribution of TV is mainly interpreted by humidity index, annual average temperature, elevation, slope, cultural relics, and population. 3. The results of clustering and outlier show that there are significant differences in the effect of the influencing factors on the distribution of TV in different regions. This paper aims to understand the influencing factors that affect the spatial distribution of TV in China and provide more comprehensive research content. This study indicates the importance of further cross-regional analysis of the TV distribution and provides a reference for its environmental management and protective measures and policies. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)