Since the development of life science convergence technology has extended human lifespan and improved the quality of life so far, it is essential to predict the future direction of science and technology development and to reflect on ethics accordingly. In this paper, we look at how modern biotechnology and medical science and technology have developed in general, and especially the applicability of artificial intelligence technology, which is one of the means to improve the quality of life in the future well-being society. Artificial intelligence technology, which shows the ability to utilize information and data well in the era of the 4th industrial revolution, is applied to various medical fields from medical systems to diagnosis, monitoring and management, prediction, and clinical decision-making. In particular, while going through the recent COVID-19 pandemic, we have faced the limitations of science and technology for unpredictable phenomena and the problem of the realization of utopias. In addition, based on the philosophical basis for the correlation between the biotechnology convergence technology, which belongs to the matter of fact, and the quality of life issue, which belongs to the value domain, alternatives to new possibilities for securing the ethical value of science and technology were sought.


For pt.II see ibid., vol.11, no.12, p.2069 (1978). The authors have calculated the second-order perturbative corrections to the Hartree-Fock ground state energies of B, C, N, O and F. The basis used was sufficiently large to assure truncation errors less than 10-3 au in all cases. They found EB(2)=-0.1113 au, EC(2)=-0.1476 au, EN(2)=-0.1840 au, EO(2)=-0.2540 au and EF(2)=-0.3206 au which represent 89.2%, 94.3%, 97.6%, 98.5% and 99.6% respectively of the empirical correlation energies.


Large human motion databases contain variants of natural motions that are valuable for animation generation and synthesis. But retrieving visually similar motions is still a difficult and time-consuming problem. This paper provides methods for identifying visually and numerically similar motions in a large database given a query of motion segment. We propose an efficient indexing strategy that represents the motions compactly through a preprocessing. This representation scales down the range of searching the database. Motions in this range are possible candidates of the final matches. For detailed comparisons between the query and the candidates, we propose an algorithm that compares the motions' curves swiftly. Our methods can apply to large human motion databases and achieve high performance and accuracy compared with previous work. We present experimental results on testing a database of about 2.9 million frames, or about 27 hours of motions played at 30 Hz.


In the early 1990s, a gubernatorial commission created in Maryland to look at the state's development patterns through the year 2020, boldly proposed to shift the balance of power over land use control in Maryland from the local level to the state. Vehemently opposed by the state's 23 counties, the commission's sweeping recommendations were too much for state legislators to swallow, even in generally progressive Maryland. The proposal never emerged from a legislative committee. When the end finally came, it was a crushing defeat for advocates of stronger state authority over land use. It also served as a cautionary tale for subsequent political leaders who might otherwise be tempted to push for stronger state authority. The following year, the Economic Growth, Resource Protection and Planning Act of 1992 ("Growth Act"), which is a much less sweeping and intentionally less controversial land use law, was enacted. Perhaps the most important provision of this law was a requirement that all local government comprehensive plans be revised to be consistent with eight "visions" designed to guide policymakers in deciding where and how future development should occur. The visions were phrased as broad statements of principle: 1. development shall be concentrated in suitable areas; 2. sensitive areas shall be protected;


Due to the presence of strong correlations, theoretical or experimental investigations of quantum many-body systems belong to the most challenging tasks in modern physics. Stimulated by tensor networks, we propose a scheme of constructing the few-body models that can be easily accessed by theoretical or experimental means, to accurately capture the ground-state properties of infinite many-body systems in higher dimensions. The general idea is to embed a small bulk of the infinite model in an "entanglement bath" so that the many-body effects can be faithfully mimicked. The approach we propose is efficient, simple, flexible, sign-problem-free, and it directly accesses the thermodynamic limit. The numerical results of the spin models on honeycomb and simple cubic lattices show that the ground-state properties including quantum phase transitions and the critical behaviors are accurately captured by only $\mathcal{O}(10)$ physical and bath sites. Moreover, since the few-body Hamiltonian only contains local interactions among a handful of sites, our work provides new ways of studying the many-body phenomena in the infinite strongly-correlated systems by mimicking them in the few-body experiments using cold atoms/ions, or developing novel quantum devices by utilizing the many-body features.


A large literature demonstrates that civil war is recurrent: States that have already experienced such conflict tend to relapse back into war. How might this 'conflict trap' be escaped? We answer this question with a focus on gender. Women tend to exist at the margins of society, and postwar society often perpetuates prewar values. Yet this continuity is not inevitable. We argue that the end of a civil war opens a window of opportunity through which women may increasingly participate in society, economics, and politics. Given women's preference for peace and aversion to political violence, we expect this increased participation to reduce the risk of relapse to civil war. Large-N analyses support our argument, and in particular suggest that increases in female literacy and parliamentary representation reduce the risk of relapse.


1. Stimulation by faradic stimuli at the rate of thirty per second of the peripheral ends of the severed nervi erigentes of decerebrate cats causes a secretion of fluid by the colon. The distal half of the colon forms this fluid at an average rate of 5 c.c. per hour when stimulated for 25 seconds per minute.

2. Secretion by the colon can also be excited by stimulating the central end of one nervus erigens when the other is left intact.

3. The rate of secretion is reduced by stimulating the nerves emanating from the inferior mesenteric ganglia at the same time as the nervi erigentes.

4. Stimulation of these paravertebral sympathetic nerves alone does not excite any secretion by the colon.

5. The administration of eserine increases greatly the rate of secretion excited by nervous stimulation.

6. Narcotics, e.g., chloralose and luminal, greatly decrease the rate of secretion. This is a peripheral effect, for it occurs in the completely decentralised colon. The fact that it is combated to a large extent by eserine suggests that it is due to narcosis of the enteric plexuses.

7. A similar fluid is secreted in response to injection of pilocarpine and, in the eserinised cat, acetylcholine.

8. Atropin inhibits the secretion caused by any of these procedures.

9. The composition of the secretion is: Total inorganic . •95 per cent. Enterokinase Nil. Organic matter . •46>0 per cent. Invertase Nil. Chlorine . •34 per cent. Amylase Trace. Phosphate . •0·5 mg. per cent. Dipeptidase Present. Calcium . •2·0 mg. per cent. Erepsin Nil. Trypsin Nil. Lipase Nil.

10. The resting or atropinised colon can resorb this secretion completely.

11. The reaction of the fluid when collected is about pH 8•4, but rapidly goes to pH 9•1 when exposed to the air. 1 c.c. juice neutralises about 0•5 c.c. of N/10 HCl. The reaction of the solid faeces contained in the colon varies from pH 7 at the surface to as low as pH 4•8 at the centre of the mass.

We are indebted to the Nuffield Trust for a grant towards the expenses of this work.

Dr. E. Chain has been most helpful with assistance in the chemical estimations; Dr. Sanders kindly photographed the abdominal window, and Dr. C. L. G. Pratt supplied a good trypsin activator. H. Axtell and A. Sale have provided technical assistance.


The explicit expression for the magnetic field, electric field, current density and charge density are presented in the transient superconducting system which has layered singularities. Time- and space-dependence of the magnetic field and the electric field in the superconductors with layered singularities to which external magnetic field is applied at t =0 is estimated by means of the computer calculation and the computer graphics.


IN ENGLISH ...........................................................................................v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......................................................................................... vi CONTENTS................................................................................................................ vii LIST OF TABLES....................................................................................................... ix LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................... x LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS...................................................................................... xi CHAPTER


In troduc t ion Over the last few years phytochemical investigations of a variety of Pimpinella species have revealed the presence of rare phenylpropanoids with an unusual 2,5-dioxy substitution pattern on the phenyl ring [15]. We named the 1-(E)-propenyl-2-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzene skeleton of these compounds pseudoisoeugenol [1]. Until now, pseudoisoeugenol derivatives have been found exclusively in the genus Pimpinella (Apiaceae). The biosynthesis of pseudoisoeugenols cannot be simply explained by the normal phenylpropanoid pathway, because this pathway involves hydroxylation at the para position relative to the aryl side-chain [(E)-cinnamic acid to pcoumaric acid] [6]. This position, however, is unsubstituted in the pseudoisoeugenols, which exhibit a typical 2-acetoxy-5-methoxy substitution pattern. To learn more about the biogenesis of this type of phenylpropanoids, we set up a tissue culture of Pimpinella anisum (Pimpinella anisum leaf-differentiated culture; PAD) that selectively promotes the synthesis of epoxy-pseudoisoeugenol-(2-methylbutyrate) (EPB) [7]. EPB served as the final molecule of the pathway in all labelling experiments conducted [8 9]. These experiments were usually performed by offering 13C-labelled precursors to PAD, and recording the 13C-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectra of the isolated EPB. On the basis of the results of our labelling experiments, we have postulated a biosynthetic pathway (Fig. 1). Starting from L-phenylalanine (1), p-coumaric alcohol (5) and (E)-anethole (8) are formed via (E)-cinnamic acid (2) and p-coumaric acid (3) by stepwise reduction of the aryl side-chain. The next biosynthetic step going from (E)-anethole to pseudoisoeugenol (9) involves migration of the side-chain during the introduction of a second oxygen function into the phenyl ring [10]. This phenomenon is known from other aryl hydroxylations as the 'NIHshift'. The pseudoisoeugenol is then acylated and epoxidized to EPB [1 0]. In this paper we report further experiments at an enzyme level that confirm our hypothesis that EPB is formed from L-phenylalanine via (E)-cinnamic acid and p-coumaric acid by the enzymes, phenylalanine ammonia lyase and cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase. In order to exclude the possibility of an alternative biosynthetic pathway from L-phenylalanine to (E)-cinnamic acid via phenylpyruvic acid and phenyllactic acid, we carried out labelling experiments with L-[3'13C]phenyllactic acid and DL-[2'-13C,2H]phenyllactic acid, and inhibition experiments where incorporation of these precursors is prevented. In all experiments we used a tissue culture of P. anisum (PAD) as well as cell-free preparations of the same in vitro culture. Prof. Dr. J. Reichling (correspondence), Dr. B. Kemmerer and H. Sauer-Giirth Institut fiJr Pharmazeut sche Biolog e der Universit~it Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, W69120 Heidelberg, Germany.


OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCESpontaneous intracranial hypotension is a potentially severe condition characterized by a distinct clinical picture due to low cerebrospinal fluid pressure. Although coma has been previously reported as a presentation of this condition, this is the first report where misdiagnosis of this condition and unwarranted surgery lead to coma. CLINICAL PRESENTATIONA 62 year-old man presented with a history of headache and cranial MRI showed bilateral chronic subdural haematomas. Following evacuation of the haematoma, the patient's condition deteriorated into a state of profound depression of consciousness. Repeated cranial CT showed intracranial air and intracranial pressure monitoring showed negative recording. Spinal MRI demonstrated epidural CSF leaks at the middle and lower thoracic levels. INTERVENTION (OR TECHNIQUE)Epidural blood patch resulted in almost immediate improvement in the patient's condition and he was fully awake 24 hours later. CONCLUSIONThis case report expands the presently known clinical spectrum of this uncommon and generally benign illness.


Background: Hyperthyroidism is a morbid condition. Radioiodine therapy is very safe, popular and effective treatment of hyperthyroidism. This study was design to determine the outcome of fixed dose radioiodine (RAI) therapy in hyperthyroid patients  in a single institute.
Patients and Methods:  This was   a retrospective study conducted from January 2014 to December 2016 at 1Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Sir Salimullah Medical College Campus, Mitford, Dhaka. A total 71 patients were enrolled for this study.  All the patients were pretreated with antithyroid drugs than   underwent   fixed dose of RAI therapy. They were followed up at regular interval. Chi-square and paired t test was done to see the level of significance.
Results: Mean age of the patients were 41.61 years (range 19-60 years).  Male were 29 (40.8%) and female were 42 (59.2%).  Mean months of pretreated with antithyroid drugs were 30.59 ± 23.68 months, range (2-96 months). Before RAI therapy  mean TSH  was 0.12 ± 0.14 μ IU/ml range (0.0001-0.54 μIU/ml) and after RAI therapy  mean TSH was 1.6 ±1.5μ IU/ml  range (0.002-5.00 μIU/ml). Before RAI therapy mean FT4 was 26.26 ±10.25 fmol/ml, range (7.86-47.78 fmol/ml ) and after  RAI therapy  mean FT4 was 23.45±8.22 fmol/ml, range (8.78-40.45 fmol/ml). All patients diveided into three groups: Graves' disease (29), toxic multinodular  goiter ( 28) and toxic autonomous nodule (14). After three years of follow up 27 (38%) patients were euthyroid, 2 (2.8%) remain hyperthyroid, 3(4.2%) were relapse cases and 39 (54.9%) were hypothyroid.
Conclusion: This follow up study showed that patients treated with RAI therapy became hypothyroid in the long run. Relapse and persistent hyperthyroid state were very common phenomenon after RAI therapy.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 21(1): 8-11, January 2018


In this paper, we propose a distinct element method (DEM) for estimating the shear resistance force of filled gravels in stair-shaped and flexible steel frames such as a gabion. The filled gravels were modelled by the DEM, using assembled elements to take into consideration the roughness of their surfaces, which produced interlocking and rotational resistance, among other effects. The assembled elements used in this study consisted of six similar-sized overlapping spherical elements symmetrically arranged in the shape of a regular octahedron. The ratio of the non-overlapped depth to the diameter of the spherical elements was termed the protruding coefficient β, which could be used to control the internal friction angle of the filled gravels and represent their dilatancy. The angle of repose of the gravels, which were filled in a stair-shaped steel frame check dam or a flexible steel frame such as a gabion, could be easily measured in the field. By inserting the value the experimental angle of repose into the relationship between the analytical angle of repose and the protruding coefficient β, the protruding coefficient β of the gravel model is obtained. The analytical angle of repose obtained by the assembled element model was identical with the value experimentally determined for the adopted gravels. The experimental results for both the stair-shaped frame and the real-size gabion were simulated using the proposed method to evaluate the shear resistance force. The analytical and experimental results were observed to be in good agreement.


Objective To understand the genetic polymorphism and population difference of DYS390 locus on human Y chromosome.Methods Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis the author investigated the alleles and haplotype distribution of 163 unrelated males from Taiyuan at Y chromosome specific loci DYS390.Results 6 alleles were found at the Y chromosome specific loci DYS390.The maximal altofrequent allele was DYS39023 and gene diversity value was 0.705 8.When compared with other populations,the data were similar to those calculated from other Chinese population but different from Italian population.Conclusion DYS390 has a high polymorphism and is very suitable to forensic analysis.


Both femtosecond and dual-wavelength picosecond operations of Nd,La:SrF2 disordered crystal laser have been demonstrated for the first time. In femtosecond operation, the laser generated mode-locked pulses with pulse duration of 156 fs, which is an average power of 90 mW, and a repetition rate of 108 MHz at the central wavelength of 1057 nm. In dual-wavelength picosecond operation, the laser generated synchronously mode-locked pulses with an average power of 500 mW and pulse duration of 9.9 ps. The mode-locked spectrum clearly shows two peaks at 1050.8 and 1059.0 nm, respectively. A periodic beat frequency of 2.2 THz is observed from the intensity autocorrelation trace, indicating the synchronous dual-wavelength mode-locking. Our experimental results show that Nd,La:SrF2 disordered crystal is an excellent laser material for femtosecond and dual-wavelength lasers near 1 μm wavelength.


The profession o f audiology is projecting a critical shortage o f practicing professionals in the near future. Although there are many potential factors that are contributing to this problem, it is generally agreed that audiology as a profession is not readily identified as a career choice by undergraduate students, nor a recognizable healthcare field/service among the general public. Due to the increased instances of hearing loss in the general population as well as the aging of the population and need for audiological services, it is imperative to find an efficient means to improve the awareness o f audiology as a potential career choice among undergraduate students. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect o f gamification on audiology awareness among young adults using a game-based system called Kahoot!. Undergraduate students of various classifications and ages at Louisiana Tech University were used in the study. Participants were given a pretest questionnaire to determine how much they knew about the profession of audiology and hearing loss prevention prior to the game. Following completion o f the pretest, one session o f Kahoot! was administered, where a series of questions were asked with the correct answers later explained to reinforce the information presented. At the conclusion o f the study, a posttest questionnaire was distributed to measure how much o f the information presented during the game was retained, and to determine whether the gaming exercise had produced interest in the profession of audiology; as well as hearing loss prevention techniques. Results revealed that utilizing the game-based model significantly affected the interest that undergraduate students had in the profession of audiology, indicating that game-based models or gamification could be an effective way to advocate and educate undergraduate students about the profession o f audiology and hearing conservation strategies. APPROVAL FOR SCHOLARLY DISSEMINATION The author grants to the Prescott Memorial Library o f Louisiana Tech University the right to reproduce, by appropriate methods, upon request, any or all portions o f this Dissertation. It is understood that "proper request" consists o f the agreement, on the part o f the requesting party, that said reproduction is for his personal use and that subsequent reproduction will not occur without written approval o f the author o f this Dissertation. Further, any portions o f the Dissertation used in books, papers, and other works must be appropriately referenced to this Dissertation. Finally, the author o f this Dissertation reserves the right to publish freely, in the literature, at any time, any or all portions o f this Dissertation. Author S h en q u e I. Lester _______


The thermodynamic performance of a regenerative organic Rankine cycle that utilizes low temperature heat sources to facilitate the selection of proper organic working fluids is simulated. Thermodynamic models are used to investigate thermodynamic parameters such as output power, and energy efficiency of the ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle). In addition, the cost rate of electricity is examined with exergo-economic analysis. Nine working fluids are considered as part of the investigation to assess which yields the highest output power and exergy efficiency, within system constraints. Exergy efficiency and cost rate of electricity are used as objective functions for system optimization, and each fluid is assessed in terms of the optimal operating condition. The degree of superheat and the pressure ratio are independent variables in the optimization. R134a and iso-butane are found to exhibit the highest energy and exergy efficiencies, while they have output powers in between the systems using other working fluids. For a source temperature was equal to 120 °C, the exergy efficiencies for the systems using R134a and iso-butane are observed to be 19.6% and 20.3%, respectively. The largest exergy destructions occur in the boiler and the expander. The electricity cost rates for the system vary from 0.08 USD/kWh to 0.12 USD/kWh, depending on the fuel input cost, for the system using R134a as a working fluid.


In this article, we study the multiplicity of solutions to a nonlocal fractional Choquard equation involving an external magnetic potential and critical exponent, namely, (a+ b[u]s,A)(−∆) s Au+ V (x)u


This study discusses the effectiveness of bailiffs in making summons from the occult through the mass media at the Kraksaan Religious Court. Then the sub-topic of the discussion is the occult summons process carried out by the Kraksaan Religious Court and the efforts made by the court to optimize the occult summons. The purpose of this study is to find out the implementation of occult summons through the mass media and their effectiveness at the Kraksaan Religious Court. This research was conducted at the Kraksaan Religious Court using a descriptive qualitative research type. Data acquisition is taken from primary and secondary data. The data acquisition method is by means of interviews and taking from data concerning magical summons. In the process of summoning ghoib cases, the use of mass media such as newspapers, bulletin boards, and radio broadcasts is no longer effective at this time. So that it is necessary to update the regulations or suggestions from the author regarding this matter, because they are no longer in accordance with social conditions in the digitalization era, there is a need to renew the conventional method of summoning the occult.


There are many extensions of the Solow model. We took one of the most recent ones that deals with the environment - Romer's model with environmental aspects, in which he discusses the effects of land and natural resources' limitations on economic growth. Furthermore, we took the theoretical knowledge of Weil, who says that the drag caused by the limited amount of natural resources can be outweighed by the spur created by technological progress with the help of substitution of more expensive production factors with cheaper, less valuable, ones. In this paper we put these two thoughts together, creating a model based on Romer's analysis with inclusion of a new parameter - effective use of natural resources that grows at a rate of technological progress. We show that theoretical results of the Solow model still hold, however we provide a better explanation of the factors that limit or reinforce the economic growth.


In this study, analytical thermochemical modeling factors that contribute to maintaining a specific temperature range during vanadium roasting as a pretreatment using a rotary kiln are investigated. The model-related mechanisms include thermochemical reaction rates, heat balance, and heat transfer, through which the resultant temperature can be estimated intuitively. Ultimately, by optimizing these parameters, the ideal roasting temperature in the kiln is ≈1000 °C (or ≈1273 K) for long-term operation. Therefore, the heat generated from hydrocarbon (natural gas) fuel combustion and ore oxidation reactions, as well as the radiant heat transferred to ores, are assessed. In addition, thermochemical methods for relieving the temperature gradient in order to maintain the optimum temperature range of the rotary kiln are suggested.


Background: Hodgkin's disease is a curable malignant disease. Despite advances in the management of this disease entity, there are groups of patients who suffer relapse and identification of prognostic variables and adaptation of treatment to individual risk remains a major challenge. Emphasized in this study are the clinicopathological characteristics and outcome of Hodgkin's lymphomas. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 245 adult patients treated for Hodgkin's lymphoma between October 1990 and Dec 2004 was done. An analysis of the most important variables was made in terms of both disease free and overall survival. Spectrums of pretreatment factors were evaluated including International Prognostic Factors, extranodal disease symptoms, histology, and bulky disease. Patients were treated with chemotherapy, radiotherapy either alone or in combinations at the beginning and relapses was treated with various salvage regimes combined with radiotherapy and stem cell transplant. Results: The median age in this study group was 32 years (14–72) and 156(63.67%) were male. Distribution by stages were: stage I-43, stage II-113, stage III-44, and stage IV-45.Pathological subtypes were Nodular sclerosis-128, Mixed cellularity-56,Lymphocyte rich classical-13,Lymphocyte depletion-7,and nodular lymphocyte predominance-29,not specified in 12.B symptoms observed in 95,bulky in 72 and Extra nodal involvement in 63 patients. Complete remission was achieved in 226 patients with first line management (92.24%).Primary chemo refractory (19) and relapses were observed in 72 patients, and subsequent salvage chemotherapy including stem cell transplant (28 patients) resulted CR in 41.With the median follow up of 41months (1-374), OS was 95% and DFS was 87%.Twelve patients died out of which 8 due to disease recurrence or progression. Conclusions: Achieving a complete remission shows a favorable prognosis for prolonged DFS. StageIV, bulky disease,B symptoms, extra nodal involvement and NS histology were associated with inferior OS and DFS. Additional factors for poor DFS were male sex, hypoalbumenemia and anemia. Age and leucocytosis did not affect the outcome. Identifying the pretreatment risk factors may be useful in designing clinical trials for the treatment of relapsed and refractory Hodgkin's disease and in making individual therapeutic decisions.


Cobot (collaborative robot) is a new kind of robot, and it can cooperate with an operator to accomplish a task. The operator provides the force to move the Cobot end. At the same time the Cobot controls the trajectory of its end,making it move along the desired trajectory. Here the complex number vector method is used to analyze the direct and inverse kinematics of a kind of five-bar Cobot. The kinematics function was deduced. The simulation results of working space, displacement, speed and constraint characteristics were given, showing that the kinematics function is correct and the trajectory constraint control is feasible.


Abstract An optimum reagent was selected to decontaminate the radioactive soil near nuclear facilities by using the developed vertical electrokinetic-flushing equipment, and the optimum remediation conditions were established to obtain a higher remediation efficiency and a minimum waste-solution volume. Namely, the acetic acid was selected as an optimum reagent due to its higher remediation efficiency. The average removal efficiency by a vertical electrokinetic-flushing remediation was 4.6% more than that by a vertical electrokinetic remediation. The optimum remediation conditions were suggested to be when the acetic concentration is 0.01 M, the injection rate of the reagent is 2.4 ml/g and the remediation period is 20 days for the vertical electrokinetic-flushing equipment of a 8.3 L volume. In these conditions, the removal efficiencies of Co2+ and Cs+ were 98.3% and 88.8%.


This paper explores interdependences between cognitive and excitatory processes that concur during experiences of acute anger and the performance of aggressive actions, and it develops the implications of these interdependencies for anger and aggression. Specifically, the influence of cognitive processes on the time course of excitatory activity (mainly, sympathetic dominance in the autonomic nervous system), on anger, and on aggressive behavior is projected from theory and documented with pertinent research findings. The influence of different and changing levels of excitatory activity on cognitive functioning (mainly, the appraisal and reappraisal of endangerments), on anger, and on aggressive behavior is likewise derived from theory and documented with empirical research. Special attention is given to the anger- and aggression-diminishing capacity of the cognitive reassessment of endangering conditions, and to impulsive destructive behaviors that result from the transitory impairment of cognitive functioning at extreme levels of excitation.


Purpose: is to identify the features of the organization of the Japanese public procurement system and the applicability of the positive experience for Russia. For this, it is necessary to study the organization of the public procurement system in Japan, highlighting the most effective elements and tools; to show the features of the functioning of the system and possible ways of future development; to give a comparative description of the procurement systems of Japan and Russia; to suggest ways to improve the Russian procurement system, using the experience of Japan.Methods: during the work, general scientific and special research methods were used, including statistical analysis, processing of analytical data, analogies, scientific generalizations, etc.Results: as a result of the analysis of changes in the legislative framework, on the basis of which public procurement in Japan is regulated, the authors examined the qualitative characteristics of the interconnections of the procurement system participants and assessed the development prospects, incl. Special attention is paid to the content and hierarchy of regulatory legal acts regulating the scope of procurement.The important link of the author's research was the procedure for organizing procurement in the course of applying various types of procurement procedures, including open, selective and limited procurement methods. A comparative analysis of the procurement systems of Japan and the Russian Federation allowed us to determine the similarities and differences in the organization of the procurement process.Conclusions and Relevance: as a result of the analysis the validity of the execution of the state order through the competitive procurement system used in world practice has been substantiated. This formed the basis of the targeted approach and the identification of promising directions in the development of the public procurement system in Japan until 2030. The authors highlight the areas that are successfully implemented in the field of public procurement in the Russian Federation. This indicates the positive development of the Russian system, which was created taking into account the best international experience, including Japanese practice. To improve the mechanism of interaction between participants and exchange of experience in the public procurement system, directions have been identified and the most effective tools have been identified.


Rolling bearing (1) for longitudinally movably mounting of a rod (2) having a limited longitudinal sliding stroke. The inner sleeve (3) comprises abutments (3c) facilitating the mounting of the rolling bearing (1) in a housing (6) and limiting at the same time the stroke of the bar (2) in the longitudinal direction.


An analytical model has been developed which shows that the fracture of surface hardened components initiates at the subsurface interface because of the triaxial stress-state developed at this location.


Energy audits are a major component of a number of Federal and State energy conservation programs. To various degrees, these programs provide an opportunity for the application of infrared remote sensing (thermography) to the conduct of these audits. The following programs are reviewed and an indication given of how each might make use of infrared as an audit tool: o Residential Conservation Service Program o Schools and Hospitals Program o Federal Energy Management Program o State Energy Grants Program o Weatherization Assistance Program o Energy Extension Service Program o Industrial Energy Conservation Program


Since more than half a century, Pierre Hippolyte Auguste Jolivet has been the inspiring head of the community of leaf beetle researchers (Fig. (Fig.1).1). He promoted research on Chrysomelidae not only by his nearly 500 publications (see list below), but even more so by his personal input to the international and European symposia on leaf beetles, and especially by the six volumes he co-edited (nos. 274, 316, 338, 339, 340, 445 of the list below) and the three he (co-)authored (nos. 329, 347, 389).

Figure 1.

Pierre Jolivet, attending the 50th coleopterists' meeting in Beutelsbach (near Stuttgart, Germany) on October 27, 2007.

Besides his numerous papers and books on leaf beetles, he has also published on ants, especially ant-plant interactions, on parasites of insects, and on broader topics, such as evolution. In 2005, Pierre initiated the project of a series of volumes, edited by him and the two of us, for which we agreed on the title Research on Chrysomelidae (RoC). The first two volumes appeared with Brill Academic Publishers, the following volumes as special issues of ZooKeys with Pensoft. Now, Pierre has decided to resign from his post as senior editor, and the two of us decided to dedicate the present volume 5 of RoC to honour him.

Pierre Jolivet was born on October 12, 1922, two o'clock in the morning, as he reports in his autobiography (Jolivet 2006, no. 421), in Avranches (Manche department, Lower Normandy). He entered the University of Rennes in 1941, where he studied zoology and botany. He received his bachelor in 1943 with a thesis (Diplome d'Etudes Superieures) on the biology of the species of Timarcha. These beetles fascinated him through the whole of his scientific life, from his student times through his excursions to Brno (Czech Republic) in the 1950s until one of his most recent papers (no. 485). Finally, his autobiography (no. 421) has the title "Memoires Entomologiques – Paramemoires d'un timarchophile".

He received the degree of a "Docteur es Sciences Naturelles" on April 04, 1954 from the Sorbonne, at that time the only university in Paris. There, he produced a thesis in two volumes (nos. 153, 158) on the hind wing morphology, especially venation of Chrysomelidae. In addition, he has studied and depicted the male copulatory organs of representatives of all subfamilies (except Bruchinae). This publication provides an invaluable treasure of basic morphological knowledge, the more because Pierre Jolivet dissected not only specimens of very common species but also of taxa difficult to obtain for students in Europe, e.g. Australian Sagrinae or American Aulacoscelidinae. He had completed the empirical work at the Musee Royal des Sciences Naturelles of Brussels (Belgium), but was supervised by Pierre Grasse at the Sorbonne. In those days in France, one had to produce two theses to obtain the doctoral degree. Pierre Jolivet handed in his second thesis on the leaf beetles of the Balearic Islands (no. 119), also a fundamental contribution to science, in this case to faunistics. No surprise, a considerable section of this second thesis treats extensively the endemic Timarcha species, Timarcha balearica.

In 1954, Pierre Jolivet undertook the first of his numerous journeys to tropical and exotic areas outside Europe. He travelled through the then Belgian Congo with some detours to Kenya and Uganda, where he studied and collected, of course, leaf beetles. Back in Brussels, he began a series of joint projects with Jean Theodorides – with whom he had collaborated on leaf beetles before - on gregarines, documented in 15 original papers. These parasites had been recognised as a separate taxon by Pierre Grasse in 1953 in his famous Traite de Zoologie.

With a four months expedition to Iran on behalf of the World Health Organisation began Pierre Jolivet's "United Nations epoch". His main duty was the scientific supervision of malaria control activities. He worked as a member of several Malaria Advisor Teams for the UN in many countries, e.g. Taiwan, The Philippines, Ethiopia, Sudan, Algeria, Vietnam, and the Cap Verdes, with teaching activities at universities in New Guinea and in Morocco, until his retirement in 1985. In between, he found his wife Madeleine (Mayon), and they married on March 24, 1962. They have two daughters and one son. She accompanied him on many of his trips, and since 1984 it was a familiar sight to see the couple on the occasion of our regular symposia on Chrysomelidae: 1984 in Hamburg (Germany), 1988 in Vancouver (Canada), 1992 in Beijing (China), 1996 in Florence (Italy), 2000 in Iguassu (Brazil), 2004 in Bonn (Germany), 2008 in Durban (South Africa), and 2010 in Budapest (Hungary). From time to time, the two of them also joined the meetings of the German coleopterists at Beutelsbach (near Stuttgart, Germany). Only the last two of our regular symposia had to take place without Pierre and Madeleine Jolivet – the 8th International Symposium on Chrysomelidae in Daegu (South Korea) in 2012, and the 2nd European Symposium on the Chrysomelidae in York (UK).

Out of Pierre's countless contributions to the understanding of life and evolution of leaf beetles, there is one to be emphasised especially. Together with Joao Vasconcellos-Neto he discovered, described, and named in 1988 a ring defence behaviour of larvae, which they called "cycloalexy" (nos. 276, 319, 477). This newly coined term has made its way into dictionaries of entomology and will always be connected with the name of its discoverers.

Pierre suffered increasingly from health problems in his legs and, since about 2012, did not dare to travel abroad any longer. This year, he decided to step down from the Board of Editors of Research on Chrysomelidae. He had initiated this series in 2007, after the three of us had successfully co-operated as editors of the 800 pages volume New Developments in the Biology of Chrysomelidae. We shall do our best to make Pierre's project live on.

We, editors, many authors, and publishers of Research on Chrysomelidae are grateful for Pierre's permanent intellectual stimulation, his helpful input, and his friendship. We wish Pierre and Madeleine all the best, especially a healthy body and mind, and hope that the present issue of Research on Chrysomelidae as well as the ones to follow will help to keep up the bond between us, the community of leaf beetle enthusiasts, and Pierre Jolivet, our spiritus rector.

Michael Schmitt (firstname.lastname@example.com)

Jorge Santiago-Blay (firstname.lastname@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com)


ABSTRACT This study investigates the influence of P2O5 component on the formation reaction of clinker, which may be generated by using waste such as sewage sludge as raw material. To prepare tri-, di-calcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, and ferrite phase, the mixture of raw materials was set at the modulus of LSF=91, SM=2.6 and IM=1.6. P2O5 component was added up to 2% with the increment of 0.5%. Mixed material was subjected to synthesis for 30 minutes at 1,450°C. The products generated were subjected to qualitative and quantitative analysis based on XRD measurement and SEM analysis. The result was that, as the content of P2O5 increased, the amount of tricalcium silicate tended to decrease, while that of dicalcium silicate and tricalcium aluminate increased. And the growth of their mineral phases also decreased with the increase of the content of P2O5.


This study was conducted by a research team lead by Professor Anthony Staines at DCU and was commissioned by the HRB and HSE. The report of this study proposes a resource allocation model for the Irish health services based on the principle that each Irish resident should be provided with access to health services funded from general taxation and in proportion to their need for those services.
The question posed by the study was: 'Given the national spend on the health services, and existing allocation between services, how should the budget for each service be divided between Primary, Continuing and Community Care (PCCC) areas in order to support access to services in rough proportion to the need for these services in each area?' The current system does not allocate resources in a way that addresses this question. There is no single correct way to allocate resources, and there is no perfect model.


A 43-year-old lady with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) was referred to us with complaints of insidious onset and gradually progressive right anterior paramedian neck swelling for the past 2-3 months. The initial evaluation revealed an enlarged 5x3 cm right lobe of the thyroid gland which was moving with deglutition and not with tongue protrusion. There were no palpable significant central or peripheral lymphadenopathy.


In standard Optimality Theoretic analyses of weight-sensitive stress, no consideration is given to thepossibility that languages may reposition the edges of the prosodic word in order to avoid violations ofconstraints related to syllable weight. I propose that this underexplored prediction is borne out in Karuk (isolate, California) and Majhi Punjabi (Indo-Aryan).


led to a need for comprehensive stroke centers (CSC) capable of providing advanced and multidisciplinary care. Articles with information about guidelines, and other relevant clinical and research reports were investigated to establish the concept of certification for a CSC. Experts recommended by stroke-related societies gathered to form a consensus through public hearings, several meetings, and academic conferences. Herein, we aimed to write the policy statement for CSC certification. We described key elements of CSC in Korea. These areas include healthcare personnel with specific expertise in a number of specializations for stroke care, specific infrastructures and advanced diagnostic techniques including neuroimaging capabilities, surgical and endovascular techniques and neurocritical care for complex stroke care, and programmatic elements such as a stroke registry, education, and quality improvement activities. CSCs should have a comprehensive team that includes neurologists, neurosurgeons, vascular surgeons, neurointensivists, neuroradiologists, rehabilitation specialists who perform cutting edge diagnosis and treatment for two or more complex acute stroke patients simultaneously in an all-in-shop model without additional transfer to other hospitals.


A fast-response detection system for measurement of atmospheric isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene) is described which involves a tubular silicone membrane sampling system interfaced to a quadrupole ion trap. This method can be adapted to determination of a variety of atmospherically important alkenes that have short atmospheric lifetimes and, thus, for which high-frequency measurements are desirable. In this paper, we describe the development of a novel multimembrane air-sampling system in conjunction with selective chemical ionization and tandem mass spectrometry for the rapid quantitative determination of isoprene and other alkenes. In this method, we use vinyl methyl ether as an alkene-selective CI reagent, with which isoprene undergoes a [2 + 4] cycloaddition reaction, followed by loss of methanol, to generate an adduct ion at m/z 94 [M + 58 − 32]•+. This adduct ion undergoes loss of a methyl radical upon collision-induced dissociation. Quantitation is based on measurement of this fragment ion (m/z = 7...


Excessive tool wear and poor machinability is observed in the machining of high strength, near-β titanium alloys when compared to α + β titanium alloys such as Ti-64. Tooling suppliers want to better understand drilling machinability in terms of (1) why alloy composition influences tool wear behaviour, (2) how this impacts part integrity and (3) the effectiveness of tool coating. This paper presents a novel approach to investigating the mechanisms by which tool wear and microstructural deformation occur in a range of titanium alloys, through the manipulation of the force experienced by the tool and work piece. The investigation compares and contrasts the drilling machinability of three important aerospace titanium alloys. Force feedback, tool wear and microstructural damage results highlight key differences when drilling different titanium alloys. Such findings will contribute to tool design, providing a better understanding of wear and machinability in near-β titanium alloy drilling. for improved strength and reduced density within modern aircra� vital within the Ti-6Al-4V the of and opmizaon within machining.


Twenty post-partum Balady goats (primiparous n=10; pluriparous, n=10) were slaughtered at different intervals between the day of parturition and day 37 post-partum (PP). Macroscopic changes included uteri weight and volume, and length of uterine body and horns were measured. Histomorphomolgical changes in the endometrial epithelium cell types and height, glands, stroma and caruncles were recorded. Macroscopic study indicated three phases of uterine regression. A fast involution phase extended from the time of parturition to day 7 PP, a second moderately fast uterine involution phase, which extended until day 13 PP and a slow phase that ended by day 19 PP. By day 19 PP, weight and volume were reduced to less than 5% of the weight recorded on day 1 PP, discharges completely cleared, caruncles completely regressed, horns became symmetrical and the uteri in these animals were not different from uteri of the nulliparous goats. Similarly, microscopic changes were classified into three overlapping phases: disappearance of secretory signs, degenerative and regenerative phases. Microscopic involution and complete regeneration of the caruncular epithelium was evident by day 19. In conclusion, the uterus reassumed normal non-gravid macroscopic and microscopic characteristics by day 19 PP and was unrelated to parity in Balady goats.


Last month, researchers working out of an abandoned McDonald9s restaurant on the grounds of NASA Ames Research Center recovered data collected by NASA9s Nimbus II satellite on 23 September 1966. The satellite soared over Earth in a polar orbit every 108 minutes, taking pictures of cloud cover and measuring heat radiated from the planet9s surface, and creating a photo mosaic of the globe 43 years ago. The resulting image is the oldest and most detailed from NASA9s Earth-observing satellites. It9s also the latest success story in what researchers call techno-archaeology: pulling data from archaic storage systems. Once forgotten and largely unreadable with modern equipment, old data tapes are providing researchers with new information on changes in the surfaces of Earth and the moon.


It is necessary for colleges and universities to take the thought of "the three representatives' as guidance and teach the students to know "why we live" as well as to understand "how we live". They must devote themselves to en h ancing the students' aspiration and belief, interest seeking and spiritual realm ; take 'serve the people' as the core, constantly conduct the ideal belief educa tion and citizen's moral education of the students; cultivate them into the peop le meeting the need of social development that have both virtue and ability, com bine common ability with special ability, possess both human spirit and science quality and are rich in the spirit of respecting work and innovation.


Understanding the developmental relationship between indolent and aggressive tumors is central to understanding disease progression and making treatment decisions. For example, most men diagnosed with prostate cancer have clinically indolent disease and die from other causes. Overtreatment of prostate cancer remains a concern. Here we use laser microdissection followed by exome sequencing of low‐ and high‐grade prostate cancer foci from four subjects, and metastatic disease from two of those subjects, to evaluate the molecular relationship of coincident cancer foci. Seventy of 79 (87%) high‐confidence somatic mutations in low‐grade disease were private to low‐grade foci. In contrast, high‐grade foci and metastases harbored many of the same mutations. In cases in which there was a metastatic focus, 15 of 80 (19%) high‐confidence somatic mutations in high‐grade foci were private. Seven of the 80 (9%) were shared with low‐grade foci and 65 (82%) were shared with metastatic foci. Notably, mutations in cancer‐associated genes and the p53 signaling pathway were found exclusively in high‐grade foci and metastases. The pattern of mutations is consistent with early divergence between low‐ and high‐grade foci and late divergence between high‐grade foci and metastases. These data provide insights into the development of high‐grade and metastatic prostate cancer.


........................................................................................................................................... 2 Explanations, definitions, and scope of this chapter ....................................................................... 2 Prospects for autonomous road vehicles ........................................................................................ 4 Driving the move towards autonomous road vehicles .................................................................... 6 Liability concerns posed by autonomous road vehicles .................................................................. 8 Autonomous taxicabs ...................................................................................................................... 9 Implications of autonomous road vehicles for the automobile industry ...................................... 11 Autonomous taxicabs (ATs) and public transport ......................................................................... 11 Energy implications of widespread deployment of autonomous taxicabs (ATs) .......................... 13 Personal Rapid Transit (PRT): Autonomous taxicabs on guideways .............................................. 15 Freight movement by autonomous road vehicles ......................................................................... 16 Infrastructure implications of deployment of autonomous road vehicles .................................... 17 References ..................................................................................................................................... 19 Table 1: Results of a survey of attitudes of 1,000 UK drivers to driverless cars ............................ 29 RICHARD GILBERT: ROAD VEHICLE AUTOMATION: DRAFT 10 2 Abstract The technology relevant to the development of driverless or autonomous road vehicles (ARVs) is advancing rapidly, but has been mostly ignored by transport infrastructure planners. This chapter discusses the possibility that ARVs will become a major feature of road traffic during the next few decades, noting implications for transport infrastructure, including megaprojects. Chiefly because of concerns about liability, ARVs are likely to be deployed by fleet operators rather than being individually owned. Autonomous taxicabs may well be so appealing, on cost and other grounds, that they replace most individually owned vehicles and also much public transport. Autonomous lightand heavy-duty road vehicles used primarily for freight movement may also become a prominent feature of road traffic. The shift from individual to fleet ownership of vehicles could well facilitate transitions to electric traction. The widespread deployment of ARVs could reduce substantially the transport infrastructure challenges faced by richer and poorer countries, although relatively minor infrastructure requirements will be added. Such is the promise of ARVs, infrastructure projects that could be obviated by their widespread deployment could well be delayed or stalled until ARVs' viability, feasibility, and utility are more firmly established. This could be achieved by about 2017, paving the way for possible widespread use of ARVs in the early 2020s.


We have isolated 14 polymorphic greater horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum microsatellite loci. The number of alleles varied from two to 12 in 58 individuals. These loci will be used to assign paternity in order to characterize patterns of breeding and reproductive success in a wild R. ferrumequinum population. Loci were also tested in 17 other bat species. Twelve loci cross-amplified in other species and three loci were polymorphic in all eight Rhinolophus species tested.


In the 19th century a number of churchmen in Macedonia wrote sermons and primers in a form of Slavonic that was close to vernacular speech. These can be seen as the first texts of written Macedonian, although their authors did not intend to create a new literary language. The first document of explicit Macedonian linguistic and political separatism is Rečnik od tri jezika (1875). In his book Za makedonckite raboti Krste P. Misirkov (1874 1926) advocated a literary language based on the Prilep-Bitola dialect, but the book was never distributed. After the partition of Macedonia (1913) Macedonian literary activity was tolerated in Bulgaria and Yugoslavia as "dialect literature". There were thriving theatre groups in Skopje and Sofia and Kočo Racin from Veles wrote poetry that has retained its literary value. The communist partisans used the local dialects in their pamphlets in Vardar Macedonia during the Axis occupation and in 1944 they declared that Macedonian would be the official language of the new Macedonian republic. The decisive codificational steps were Koneski's grammar (1952 1954) and the 'academy dictionary' (1961 1966). Independence has terminated the Serbian/Macedonian diglossia that was characteristic of Vardar Macedonia in the 20th century. There have been various attempts to codify Macedonian in the diaspora. 1. The Beginnings of Local Schreibsprachen In the 19th c. a number of churchmen in Macedonia wrote sermons and primers in a form of Slavonic that was close to vernacular speech. The traditional written language, Church Slavonic, which had evolved from Old Church Slavonic, a literary language based on dialects spoken around Salonika in the Middle Ages, was no longer intelligible to the populace in Macedonia. These sermons and moral tracts can be seen as the first texts of written Macedonian, although their authors did not intend to create a new literary language and often called the idiom that they used "Bulgarian". Joakim Kărčovski (c. 1780 c. 1820) and Kiril Pejčinovič (c. 177


The Lindley distribution is one of the important fo r studying stress--strength reliability modeling. Besides, som e researchers have proposed new classes of distributions based on modi fications of the quasi Lindley distribution. In this paper, a new generali zed version of this distribution which is called the transmuted quasi L indley (TQL) distribution is introduced. A comprehensive mathematical treatment of the TL distribution is provided. We derive the r th moment and moment generating function this distribution. Moreover, we discuss the least square s, weighted least squares and the maximum likelihood estimation of this distr ibution.


Date palm trees are infected by different diseases and pests that negatively affect its quality and productivity. The control of these pests and diseases requires the use of appropriate technologies to minimize the infection rate and crop losses. This study was intended to determine the adoption rate of some diseases and pests control technologies and methods among Date Palm farmers in Dammam area of Saudi Arabia and the most important factors affecting it. Data was collected through face to face interviews from a simple random sample of 111 Date Palm farmers in the study area using a validated and pre-tested questionnaire. Descriptive statistics (frequency distribution. mean and standard deviation) and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. The study results indicated that the adoption rates of the diseases and pests control technologies and methods by Date farmers are very low. Only one practices (getting rid of agricultural residues immediately) out of the seventeenth technologies and methods under consideration reached medium level. The adoption rates of the other technologies and methods were low and all of them were less than two on an adoption scale of four points. The study revealed that the most important determinants of the adoption rate of the diseases and pests control technologies and methods by Date Palm farmers were the farmers' level of contact with the different sources of information and farm size; each of them had a statistically significant effect.


This report is based on a study of 852 sexually active volunteer student teachers in Zimbabwe who were assessed on their AIDS risk reduction behavior and the Health Belief Model of Janz and Becker. The model posits that behavior modification occurs if there is knowledge of the disease and its severity, susceptibility, effective prevention, self- efficacy for prevention, accessible health care and advice, normative support for behavior change, and few barriers to action. Behavior change is measured by reduced numbers of sexual partners, increased condom use, and decreased prostitute contact. The 404 women showed no sex differences from the 448 men, except that men reported lower self- efficacy. The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that for men the Health Belief Model was significant and explained 15% of the variance (F=7.50, p.0001). Behavior risk reduction was predicted by self-efficacy (B=.10, p.0001), perceived barriers to action (B=-.19, p.01), and belief in the effectiveness of preventive practices (B-.10, p.001). The women's model was also significant and explained 12% of the variance (F=4.06, p.001). Preventive behavior was predicted by perceived susceptibility to infection (B=.19, p.01), access to health care and advice (B=.09, p.05), and belief in the efficacy of preventive measures (B=.06, p.05). Future research in planned to try to augment the Health Belief Model results by including the following variables: contact with AIDS-affected persons and specific barriers to action such as dependence on paid sex, the breakdown in traditional values, familial separation, and attitudes toward monogamy. Also, the role of alcohol and drugs in the context of sexual behavior will be considered. Other alternative models will also be examined, such as Bandura's social learning theory and Fishbein's theory of reasoned action. New theories which are uniquely applied to AIDS may need to be formulated.


Background Health is a global human demand for all strata of population. Oral health plays an essential role to conserve the overall general health. Many systemic conditions have been linked in association with periodontitis, such as preterm low birth weight infants, cardiovascular disease and related events such as angina, myocardial infarction, stroke, respiratory diseases, and diabetes mellitus. Education of oral health is considered to abide an essential prerequisite for oral health-related behavior. This survey was carried out to determine the level of knowledge and awareness about periodontal health and its oral-systemic disease link amongst the nursing students of private medical university. Aim To perceive an understanding among students of nursing college at private university on periodontal health and their knowledge about oral health and link of systemic disease with the help of a questionnaire survey. Patients and methods Three hundred and fifty nursing students were provided with a self-constructed 15 items questionnaire. χ2 test was utilized for individual questions and Kruskal–Wallis test was applied to compare overall periodontal health awareness and awareness about oral-systemic link among students of nursing college. Results and conclusion A total of 350 questionnaires were distributed, out of which all 350 were completed by the students and evaluated for the study with an overall response of questions rate of 97%. The study indicated that 40% of the nursing students were having knowledge about the health of gums and oral hygiene maintenance. Thirty-seven percent were aware about the oral hygiene practices and 23% were familiar about the perio-systemic disease link. But 77% were unaware about the correlation between the periodontal health and systemic diseases.


5531 Background: In 1986, the EORTC HNCCG initiated a randomized phase III trial to assess whether LP using ICT followed by radiation therapy (XRT) was as safe as the conventional treatment: total ...


A pilot study for determination of vanillin in fermentation broth with the TLC method and TBA spectrophotometeryand HPLC method has been carried out. It was found that TLC method could be used to quantitative analysis. The experimentalso showed that TBA spectrophotometery, HPLC method have a good relationship, and could be reproducible. Besides theHPLC method, the TBA spectrophotometery was simple and practical for determining vanillin in the fermentation broth.


Pressure burst tests gave measured tensile strengths between 230 and 410 MPa for a total of six chemical‐vapor‐deposited (CVD) diamond disks in both transparent ''white'' and opaque ''black'' forms obtained from three different sources. The disks were nominally 0.635 cm in diameter and 254 μm thick. These strengths are explained by a theoretical model using a Young's modulus of 1.05×106 MPa and a fracture surface energy of 5.3 J/m2, appropriate for natural diamond, and with critical crack lengths between 33 and 105 μm. The latter lengths can fit, either on or inside, the tapered columnar crystal grains that grow vertically in synthetic CVD diamond films. The model is consistent with the observed inverse dependence of measured tensile strength on film thickness and with tensile strengths between 180 and 5190 MPa reported by other workers for synthetic CVD diamond.


D. Lv, M. Zhu, Z. Jiang, Prof. C. Huang College of Chemical Engineering Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037, P. R. China E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Prof. R. Xiong Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutics Ghent University 460 9000 Belgium


In this article, the graft copolymerization of 4‐vinyl pyridine (4VP) onto nylon‐6 (PA6) using potassium diperiodacuprate (III) (DPC)–PA6 redox system as initiator is investigated in an alkaline medium. The structure and the properties of graft copolymer are confirmed by Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy (IR), X‐ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The mechanism is proposed to explain the generation of radicals and the initiation. The effects of reaction variables, such as the initiator concentration, ratio of 4VP to PA6, pH, as well as reaction temperature and time are investigated. Graft copolymers with high grafting efficiency (>95%) were obtained, which indicated that the DPC–PA6 redox system was an efficient initiator for this graft copolymerization. The quaternized PA6‐g‐P4VP (QPAVP) is proven to be an excellent adsorbent to heavy metal ions.


MATERIALS AND METHODS: Time-resolved 3D PC MRI was used to assess neuro-vascular flow patterns in 3 patients at 1.5T and 3.0T (both scanners: Signa LX CNV, 12.0; GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI, USA), which has been previously described and validated (1, 3). High-performance gradient systems were used with a maximum gradient strength of 50 mT/m at 1.5T and 40 mT/m at 3.0, and a maximum slew rate of 150 mTs/m. An eight-channel head coil was used (MRI devices, Waukesha, WI, USA), and pulse oximetry was used for cardiac gating. The same parameters were used on both scanners: field of view 180 x 180 mm, 90% rFOV, matrix size 300 x 180 x 30, TR/TE 5.46ms/2.12ms, flip angle 15°, venc = 100 cm/s, and receiver bandwidth of ±65 kHz. Frequency encoding was performed in the anterior-posterior direction. Three slice encodes were repeated in each RR interval, resulting in a temporal resolution of 65.5 msec. Therefore, 1,620 heartbeats were needed to acquire a data set: (PEx x PEy x rFOV) / (slice encode repeats per RR), or 180 x 30 x 90% / 3. As previously described, the six fully acquired data sets were subsampled using a variant of GRAPPA with outer reduction factors (ORFs) of 2 and 3 (1, 4). Additionally, the resulting 18 data sets were further subsampled by removing the data in the corners of the ky-kz plane and then zero-filling. The area of the remaining k-space data in this "cut-corner" acquisition is defined by the ellipse π kzmax kymax (5). To analyze the effect of subsampling, planes were extracted from the left internal carotid artery, the right internal carotid artery and the posterior cerebral artery utilizing 3D visualization software (EnSight, CEI Inc, Apex, NC). The plane from the full acquisition was segmented based on magnitude data, and using the same segmentations on all subsampled data sets, mean velocity across the vessel lumen was calculated using a proprietary program (Aspire2, Stanford, CA). Additionally, individual velocity vectors were compared between the fully acquired data sets and each of the subsampled data sets. The mean of the percent absolute difference between individual velocity vectors from the center of the vessel lumen was calculated. To qualitatively look at the effect of subsampling, streamlines were used to visualize data.


The fieldtrip aims to give a glimpse on the palaeoenvironments, palaeontology and diagenesis of one of the most productive areas for Late Jurassic dinosaurs and other vertebrates in Europe, namely to the sites of the Lourinha Formation, which is coeval with the Morrison Fm., in the midwest USA. The Late Jurassic rifting phase of the Lusitanian Basin created several sub-basins separated by main crustal faults. In the western and central area of the basin, the Caldas da Rainha structure separates three sub-basins with different subsidence and infill characteristics (Consolacao to the W, Bombarral-Alcobaca to the NE and Turcifal to the SE). The Upper Jurassic-lowermost Cretaceous succession exposed on the coastal cliffs located between Nazare and Santa Cruz belongs to the Consolacao Sub-basin, whereas the coastal outcrops between Santa Cruz and Ericeira show units of the Turcifal Sub-basin. In order to fit the stops in a coherent context, a selection of units of the fieldtrip area is detailed. The stratigraphy of the Upper Jurassic of the Lusitanian Basin is quite complex and no fully accepted general proposal exists. Thus, a review of lithostratigraphy, sedimentology, age and environmental interpretations is presented. Aiming an overall view of landscape where the identified dinosaurs lived, and to discuss the conditions for preservations of its remains, we included interpretations on palaeoclimate, palaeogeography and taphonomy. This trip that unfolds from the north to the south, will focus on the vertebrate content, sedimentology and stratigraphy. The first stop at Consolacao focuses the Upper Kimmeridgian shallow marine to deltaic Alcobaca Formation, that underlies the Lourinha Formation. Further south, the Paimogo fort cape allows a scenic view of the Lourinha FFm.: to the north the Praia da Amoreira - Porto Novo MMbs. (lower coastal plain alluvium, including distal fan and meandering fluvial systems; Late Kimmeridgian) and the Praia Azul MMb. to the south (lower coastal plain alluvium with three brackish-marine faunally distinct transgressive carbonate levels; latest Kimmeridgian to earliest Tithonian). In Paimogo, we will visit the sites where dinosaur eggs and a sauropod skeleton were found. The stop in the Museum of Lourinha allows visiting one of the most important collections of Late Jurassic vertebrates in Europe. The last fieldtrip stop at Porto da Calada is focused in the top of the Assenta MMb. of the Lourinha Fm. (meandering fluvial system with intercalations of shallow marine lagoonal carbonates; Late Tithonian to earliest Berriasian) and the Porto da Calada Formation (meandering fluvial system with thin levels of estuarine and intertidal flats carbonates; Berriasian), thus including the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary.


Objectives This controlled trial assessed the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on blood pressure (BP) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and resistant hypertension (RH). Methods We evaluated 96 patients with resistant hypertension, defined as clinic BP at least 140/90 mmHg despite treatment with at least three drugs at adequate doses, including a diuretic. Patients underwent a polysomnography and a 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM). They were classified as consulting room or ABPM-confirmed resistant hypertension, according to 24-h BP lower or higher than 125/80 mmHg. Patients with an apnea-hypopnea index at least 15 events/h (n = 75) were randomized to receive either CPAP added to conventional treatment (n = 38) or conventional medical treatment alone (n = 37). ABPM was repeated at 3 months. The main outcome was the change in systolic and diastolic BP. Results Sixty-four patients completed the follow-up. Patients with ABPM-confirmed resistant hypertension treated with CPAP (n = 20), unlike those treated with conventional treatment (n = 21), showed a decrease in 24-h diastolic BP (−4.9 ± 6.4 vs. 0.1 ± 7.3 mmHg, P = 0.027). Patients who used CPAP > 5.8 h showed a greater reduction in daytime diastolic BP {−6.12 mmHg [confidence interval (CI) −1.45; −10.82], P = 0.004}, 24-h diastolic BP (−6.98 mmHg [CI −1.86; −12.1], P = 0.009) and 24-h systolic BP (−9.71 mmHg [CI −0.20; −19.22], P = 0.046). The number of patients with a dipping pattern significantly increased in the CPAP group (51.7% vs. 24.1%, P = 0.008). Conclusion In patients with resistant hypertension and OSA, CPAP treatment for 3 months achieves reductions in 24-h BP. This effect is seen in patients with ABPM-confirmed resistant hypertension who use CPAP more than 5.8 h.


The purpose of this study was to analyze the differential expression of SD rat's skeletal muscle proteome after acute exhaustive exercise.Ten male SD rats were randomly divided into exercise and rest group according to their weight.The exercise group was sent to a one-time intensive exhausted training treadmill and were executed by decollation third hour after exhaustive exercise.The rest group was the same doing like exercise group.The lower limb gastrocnemius muscle protein was extracted and subsequently separated by 2D electrophoresis.The result showed that 572±28 protein spots were found in the exercise group and 667±35 in the rest group.It concluded that there had been qualitative and quantitative change in protein after high intensity and exhaustive training,and it laid solid foundation for further research on exercise fatigue.


Some Risk Factors for Cerebral Palsy in Extremely Premature Infants : Importance of Premature Rupture of Membranes and Monochorionic-Twin Placentation 1199


In this paper, we develope a speed control system of a BLDC motor for handpieces used in beauty applications. To reduce implementation cost, the control system utilizes hall sensors embedded in BLDC motors for speed estimation. The developed power module of a motor uses only 220V home voltage, so that the control system does not need any other power sources. An over-speed limit controller is also developed to slow down a motor when the speed goes up rapidly for a moment upon some heavy load is removed. The control system is designed to operate a handpiece with speed in the range of 5,000 ∼ 30,000 RPM. Experiment results show the validity of the developed system, which maintains the speed of a motor steady even though a load is varied.


This review has been commissioned by the Scottish Sentencing Council to summarise existing academic, legal and statistical work on the sentencing of environmental and wildlife offences. It will inform, support and form a part of the Council's preparatory work for developing sentencing guidelines for use by the Scottish criminal courts in the disposition of environmental and wildlife offences. The wildlife offences discussed are those providing against cruelty to wild animals, poaching, trade in endangered species, those providing for animal conservation and those providing for protection and conservation of habitats The review will not consider offences providing against cruelty or neglect of 'protected animals', essentially non-wild animals. The review of the practice of prosecution and sentencing in Scotland with regard to environmental and wildlife offences, respectively, is structured in a specific order. In the first place, the emergence of these types of offences are discussed in a historical perspective, with reference also to the European and global regulatory context in which they appear. Secondly, the legal definition and classification of the covered offences are then discussed, against the background of a criminological assessment of the associated socio-environmental harms. Finally, empirical data regarding the actual practice of prosecution and sentencing of these offences are discussed.


A digital video watermarking scheme under the framework of H.264/AVC is proposed in this research. The watermark signal is embedded into quantization indices of intra-coded slices to ensure both the effectiveness of watermarking and the compact size of video data. The luminance masking of Watson's visual model is employed to guarantee the imperceptibility of watermark signal. The coding procedure of H.264/AVC is taken into account in the design of watermarking procedures to achieve efficiency. An application of the watermarking scheme on authenticating digital videos will be shown in the experimental results, which demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed system.


Comparability and reliability of acoustic output declarations of medical devices can be improved by compensating the impact of hydrophone frequency responses on output parameters. However, extended calibration data are needed for the application of waveform deconvolution. This study addresses a method for secondary hydrophone calibration that can be applied outside of metrology institutes by hydrophone users to determine the appropriate frequency responses of working hydrophones in their laboratories. The proposed substitution method provides complex-valued calibration data from 0.5 MHz to 100 MHz.


The polarizabilities of the (J=1, M=0) and the (J=2, M=0) rotational states of the gaseous NaLi molecule have been measured by observing the refocusing voltages of a supersonic molecular beam with an electric quadrupole state selector. From these measurements the molecular electric dipole moment μ = 0.47 ± 0.03 D and the molecular electric polarizability were determined. The dipole moment is a factor of 2 smaller than predicted by two recent extended Hartree—Fock calculations (optimized valence configuration and configuration interaction), indicating a need for a more exact description of the bonding. The molecular polarizability is approximately equal to the sum of the atomic polarizabilities.


The ability of wet oxidation and ozonation to destroy five typical priority pollutants (phenol, 2-chlorophenol, 1,2-dichloroethane, 4-nitrophenol, and dimethylphthalate) is reported. Particular attention has been paid to interpreting the batch kinetic data, exploring the influence of initial pH on ozonation and identifying and measuring the low-molecular weight organic acids produced. 28 references, 16 figures, 6 tables. (JMT)


And so, I explain that, yes, these simple examples could be done more simply with iteration, but that more difficult examples will come later (like binary search trees), and practicing the technique "where the light is better" will make that transition easier. I wonder if I should stop apologizing. It seems my whole educational life has been filled with exercises that I completed not because the answer was important, but because the journey to the answer was important. I practiced Bach Inventions at my piano to learn dexterity and technique, not because the Inventions are particularly beautiful works. I performed experiments in my chemistry class to calculate Avogadro's number to learn the scientific method, even though its value is well known. I learned how to prove the Pythagorean Theorem to learn how to construct a mathematical proof, not because anyone is in doubt regarding the theorem's reliability. When I enter the classroom, I feel pressured to demonstrate the relevance of our discipline to my students. And so, I strive to find assignments that demonstrate the wonders of our discipline while remaining accessible to novitiates. But maybe it's okay, occasionally, to let our students know that we're giving them an exercise whose purpose is to help them hone their skills. There's plenty of room for letting students practice how to average a list of numbers [1], even as we get them ready for something more "nifty" [3]. Sometimes, it's okay to search where the light is better. It'll help us learn how to search in poor light, too. 


The debate over the contribution of the Internet to democracy is farfrom settled. Some point to the empowering effects of online discussionand fund raising on recent electoral campaigns in the US to argue thatthe Internet will restore the public sphere. Others claim that the Internetis just a virtual mall, a final extension of global capitalism into everycorner of our lives. This paper argues for the democratic thesis withsome qualifications. The most important contribution of the Internetto democracy is not necessarily its effects on the electoral process butrather its ability to assemble a public around technical networks thatenroll individuals scattered over wide geographical areas. Medicalpatients, video game players, musical performers, and many otherpublics have emerged on the Internet with surprising consequences.


Code completion is one branch of source code modeling tasks. Using a deep learning method to implement it has explored the possibilities of modeling source code with a statistic language model. Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) is a universal feature extractor of Natural Language Processing (NLP), which is used in the code completion field commonly. However, RNN based models are lack of long-range context dependency and have a poor performance in training speed. Besides, some previous models have not handled the issue of out of vocabulary (OOV) well, which hinders further improvements in prediction accuracy. This paper presents a novel automatic code completion neural network, which is based on a self-attention mechanism with open vocabulary to address issues of OOV, slow training speed, and lacking long context-dependency. Experiments in this paper show that our model has a better performance of predicting tokens compared with the traditional N-gram model and RNN based model. In the meantime, we reduced training time significantly. More broadly, the combination of self-attention and open vocabulary has a potential application in the source code modeling field.


Clay, asbestos, plastic and metal are commonly used as roofing materials in Sri Lanka and every material has its inherent drawbacks. Asbestos sheets are going to be banned due to health hazards. Thermoplastic Vulcanizate (TPV), a kind of polymer blends, gives combined properties of their individual polymers. Therefore, this study was aimed to develop a health hazard-free and economically viable roofing material from TPV to be competitive with the existing roofing materials. TPV pellets of 20/80 Natural rubber (NR)/High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) in two different formulas were prepared using a twin-screw extruder. Roofing sheets having size of 40 cm × 40 cm × 0.6 cm were moulded using TPV pellets. Properties were tested according to the ASTM standards for Poly-Vinyl Chloride (PVC) roofing sheet and the certificates for properties of the PVC roofing sheets available in Sri Lanka. Properties of the two TPV sheets prepared were compared with those of the PVC sheets. TPV sheet having 1 phr of dicumyl peroxide and 50 phr of barium sulphate showed the optimum properties and were comparable with impact strength, elongation at break, density and thermal conductivity of PVC roofing. The developed TPV sheet is cost competitive and suitable for the high-class customer segment.


Short-term traffic estimations have a significant influence in terms of effectively controlling vehicle traffic. In this study, short-term traffic forecasting models have been developed based on different approaches. Seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA), artificial bee colony (ABC) and differential evolution (DE) algorithms are the techniques used in the optimization of models, which have been developed by using observation data for the D-200 highway in Turkey. 80% of the data were used for training, with the remaining data used for testing. The performances of the models were illustrated with mean absolute errors (MAEs), mean absolute percentage errors (MAPEs), the coefficient of determination (R2) and the root-mean-square errors (RMSEs). It is understood that all the models provided consistent and useful results when the developed models were compared with the statistical results. In the models created separately for two lanes, the R2 values of the models were calculated to be approximately 92% for the right lane, which is generally used by heavy vehicles, and 88% for the left lane, which is used by less traffic. Based on the MAE and RMSE values, the model developed by the ABC algorithm gave the


The article deals with one of the pressing issues of modern medical science: research and analysis of particular structural changes occurring simultaneously in the central organ of the immune (lymphoid) system and in the endocrine gland thymus under the influence of various damaging factors. A review of the national and foreign literature devoted to the problem is provided. In this publication, we try to analyze changes in the structure of thymus and their effect on the substratum of its pathology. The research results helped to allocate a two-phase reaction under exposure to damaging factors "anabolic and catabolic" with typical morphological criteria. In the "anabolic" phase, significant structural changes on the organ, tissue, cellular, sub-cellular, and molecular levels of organization are revealed. Glandular structures, epithelial cells in particular, are the most vulnerable components of thymic microenvironment.


Spasticity is a chronic neurological complication associated with spinal cord injury (SCI), characterized by increased muscle tone and stiffness. A physiological sign of spasticity is hyperreflexia, evident by the loss of evoked rate-dependent depression (RDD) in the monosynaptic spinal circuit, i.e., H-reflex. Although previous work has shown that SCI-induced astrogliosis contributes to hyperexcitability disorders, including neuropathic pain and spasticity, it is unclear how reactive astrocytes can modulate synaptic transmission within the injured spinal cord. To study astrocytes' role in post-SCI hyperreflexia, we examined GLT-1 and PSD-95 proteins in astrocytes and neurons, respectively, within the ventral horn (lamina IX). The close juxtaposition of GLT-1 and PSD-95 markers is a molecular correlate of tripartite synapses and is thought to be a key element in astrocyte-induced plasticity of neuronal synapses. Our study compared animals with and without SCI-induced hyperreflexia and spasticity, and investigated potential synaptic abnormalities associated with astrocyte involvement. As expected, four weeks after SCI, we observed a loss in evoked H-reflex RDD in hindlimb EMG recordings, i.e., hyperreflexia, in contrast to uninjured Sham. Importantly, our main findings show a significant increase in the presence of GLT-1 - PSD-95 tripartite synapses in the ventral spinal cord motor regions of animals exhibiting SCI-induced hyperreflexia. Taken together, our study provides clear evidence supporting the involvement of astrocyte-neuron synaptic complexes in the in the plasticity-driven progression of chronic spasticity.


Novel two-dimensional EBG is put forward to suppress the simultaneous switching noise of electronic systems, Based on the inductance enhanced by the long-line metal between adjacent unit cell, the novel two-dimensional EBG structure is achieved by the units lattice structure, which is made of the connection of a square metal and two metal serpentine lines. Simulation results show that the stopband bandwidth of new EBG structure labeling on capacitor is 0 ~ 6GHz (S2≤-25dB)in the same parameters EBG classic.


Vanillin 1,2-propylene glycol acetal was synthesized from Vanillin and 1,2-propylene glycol using ferri postassium sulfate as catalyst.The factors influencing the synthesis were discussed and the better reaction conditions are found as follows:Vanillin 0.1mol,molar ratio of vanillin/1,2-propylene glycol is 1.0/2.4(mol/mol),the amount of catalyst is 2.0% in proportion to the total reacting materials,the amount of benzene 16mL,reaction time 3.0h,the preduct yield can reach to over 86.0%.


We address here the role of oxidation impurities on the structure of graphene oxide films at the air-water interface by specular neutron scattering (SNR). We study films of purified (PGO) and non-purified graphene oxide (GO) in the close-packed state. Non-purified graphene oxide is constituted by GO layers with oxidation impurities adsorbed on the basal plane, while in PGO sheets impurities are eliminated. SNR measurements show that GO films are formed by well-defined bilayers constituted by 2-3 layers staked of GO in contact with air and a second layer of impurities submerged in the aqueous subphase. In contrast, PGO films are formed by a single layer in contact with air. We show for the first time that impurities constitute a layer submerged in the aqueous subphase, decrease the elasticity, and favor the collapse of graphene oxide films. Our results allow designing the surface properties of GO trapped at the fluid interfaces.


Hani Goodarzi,1,2,3 Olivier Elemento,1,2,3,4 and Saeed Tavazoie1,2,* 1Department of Molecular Biology 2Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA 3These authors contributed equally to this work 4Present address: Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA *Correspondence: email@example.com DOI 10.1016/j.molcel.2009.11.016


This study analyzed the influence of Work Discipline, Work Motivation and Job Satisfaction on Organizational Commitment employees in staffing levels. Object of this study is the level of staff employees at PT. Dada Indonesia. The research problem refers to the phenomenon of the data on the PT. DADA INDONESIA, which indicated the level of absenteeism or employee absenteeism average - average to reach 4-5 percent. The problem that arises is: how to improve employee Organizational Commitment. A modeling has been constructed and 4 (four) research hypotheses have been formulated. This researched used Proportional Random Sampling. The study used 148 respondents and the overall level of staff respondents were employees of PT. Dada Indonesia. The results of this study show them that Work Discipline has positive effect on Organizational Commitment. Work Motivation has positive effect on Organizational Commitment. Job satisfaction has positive influence on Organizational Commitment. Work discipline, work motivation and job satisfaction has positive influence on Organizational Commitment.


Aiming at the requirement for shielding effectiveness of shielding case of electronic devices of electromagnetic compatibility(EMC) testing standard,this paper firstly analyzes the shielding effectiveness of shielding case and describes how to select the material and its thickness of shielding case based on the practicality by analyzing the reflection loss and absorption loss of shielding case.In addition,the influence of holes and gaps on the shielding effectiveness of shielding case is analyzed.Combining with two EMC testing examples,this paper analyzes how to handle the holes and gaps of shielding case to improve the EMC of electronic devices.Finally,the paper analyzes and discusses how to improve the EMC of electronic devices by strengthening the shielding effectiveness of shielding case in the design phase.


Agricultural activity is highly developed in the Krasnodar Territory, agricultural lands occupy more than 60% of its area. There is a risk of human health effects when eating agricultural products grown on soils contaminated with pesticides. Environmental problems caused by the contamination of agricultural soils of the region with pesticides determine its environmental safety and are very relevant. In the Russian Federation, many years of research are being conducted on soil contamination with pesticides in various regions. The annual reports contain data on the surveyed territories and survey areas, on the average and maximum concentrations of various pesticides, and on the types of pesticides. This study is devoted to the analysis of officially published data on soil pollution of the Krasnodar Territory in order to evaluate statistical data, identify trends in pollution changes in the field of observation and the possibility of forecasting. As a result of the conducted research, certain shortcomings were identified in the presentation of information on soil contamination with pesticides in the Krasnodar Territory, the trend of changes in soil contamination with pesticides was revealed and a forecast was made for some substances.


Abstract A domino reaction, based on an organocatalysed sulfa-Michael/Michael sequence, is demonstrated as being useful for the asymmetric synthesis of spiro[pyrazolone-4,3′-tetrahydrothiophenes] bearing three consecutive stereocentres. This new class of spirocyclic compounds has been synthesised in good yield and fairly good diastereo- and enantioselectivity by reacting α,β-unsaturated pyrazolones and tert-butyl (E)-4-mercapto-2-butenoate in the presence of a readily available secondary amine thiourea derived from (R,R)-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine.


depth example of how individuals in particular social settings make use of their social capital to strategize their way through the organization game. It seems to me that the relative weakness of the "multisited" methodology when it comes to grasping both "front" and "back" can be overcome by such approaches; thus, the two may usefully complement each other. Moeran's book certainly adds to the anthropological literature about complex modern organizations. Perhaps its primary benefit to anthropologists comes from the way Moeran relates sociological concepts, particularly those taken from Bourdieu, to the organizational world. By bringing in examples from different bouts of fieldwork, Moeran succeeds in illustrating "frames," "networks," and "fields" and bringing home precisely what they mean and what their role is. This book should also be extremely valuable to a management readership, since it helps to deepen the concept of culture, which is usually treated very shallowly in management literature.


Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by dysregulation of the adaptive immune system. Detection of subcellular structures with localization of most typical citrulline-containing rheumatoid autoantigens in a single compartment is of special interest considering importance of anticitrulline autoantibodies for autoimmune response in RA. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) can be suggested as a most likely candidate for the role of such structures.To study of peripheral blood neutrophils from RA to generate NETs, associated with diseases exacerbation.The research was carried out in agreement with the WMA Declaration of Helsinki principles after the local ethical board approval. Circulating neutrophils were isolated with one-step density gradient centrifugation using double layers of ficoll-amidotrizoate gradient. Composition of isolated cellular fractions, their viability, and non-specific activation were evaluated by light microscopy using common Romanowsky-Giemsa staining, trypan blue exclusion test as well as NBT test. Neutrophil fractions contained minute percentages of impurities and low extents of activated and dead cells. NETs were induced by PMA. Spontaneous and induced formation of extracellular traps was assessed using fluorescence microscopy [1]. Results were presented as values (95%CI).37 patients (6 males and 31 females, mean age 42.7 years) with verified RA according to the ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria were included in the study. RA disease activity at the inclusion timepoint shouldn't exceed 2.6 DAS28 points. 16 (15.4%) patients had subsequent increase of the DAS28 score above 3.2 at following visits (3, 8 and 12 months after the inclusion). 30 healthy volunteers (9 males and 21 females, mean age 37.2 years) were enrolled as a reference group. Mean proportions of spontaneous and induced NET formation by isolated neutrophils of inactive RA patients (DAS 28<2.6) were 6.0 (5.7-6.3)% and 26.9 (24.0-29.8)%, respectively. Active RA patients (DAS 28>3.2) had dramatic increase of the respective values: 16,6 (16,4-16,8)% and 38,0 (37,7-38,3)%.Both active and inactive RA patients had significant increase of NET-generating neutrophils proportion comparing to the reference group as well as significant difference of both these parameters between active and inactive phase (р<0.05). The growth rate of spontaneous NET formation in the active RA was 183.8%, the respective value for induced NET formation was 46.7%. The growth rate of spontaneous NET formation is 3.9 times higher than the induced NET formation.Neutrophils from ACPA-positive RA patients were found to have increased spontaneous and induced NETs formation compared to ACPA-negative RA patients (р>0.05).Thus, our study demonstrated a strong relationship between onset of RA flare and increase of spontaneous and induced NET formation by circulating neutrophils. There was also a clear distinction between ACPA negative and positive RA patients as to higher spontaneous and induced NET formation in the latter subgroup. The comparison using larger group of patients will magnify the differences above significance limit. Continued research in this direction can promote the development of new therapies of RA.[1]Bedina S., et al. Medical immunology 2021; 23(5):1165-1170.None declared


This paper describes a new approach to intelligent model based predictive control scheme for deriving a complex system. In the control scheme presented, the main problem of the linear model based predictive control theory in dealing with severe nonlinear and time variant systems is thoroughly solved. In fact, this theory could appropriately be improved to a perfect approach for handling all complex systems, provided that they are firstly taken into consideration in line with the outcomes presented. This control scheme is organized based on a multi-fuzzy-based predictive control approach as well as a multi-fuzzy-based predictive model approach, while an intelligent decision mechanism system (IDMS) is used to identify the best fuzzy-based predictive model approach and the corresponding fuzzy-based predictive control approach, at each instant of time. In order to demonstrate the validity of the proposed control scheme, the single linear model based generalized predictive control scheme is used as a benchmark approach. At last, the appropriate tracking performance of the proposed control scheme is easily outperformed in comparison with previous one.


An artificial neural network (ANN) has neurons that are interconnected. Inside the neuron, there is an activation function that determines the value issued by the neuron. There are several types of activation functions. The choice of activation function will determine the result of an ANN. This paper describes the performance comparison of several activation functions used in an ANN in processing sinusoidal signals. There are three types of activation functions being compared, those are Sigmoid, Tansig, and ReLU. The sinusoidal dataset has come from simulation data of the PMSM FOC control process. The results indicated that the Tansig activation function is the best choice for sinusoid data.