In this paper, we propose a novel privacy- preserving set aggregation scheme for smart grid communications. The proposed scheme is characterized by employing a group $\mathbb{G}$ of composite order $n=pq$ to achieve two-subset aggregation from a single aggregated data. With the proposed set aggregation scheme, the control center in smart grid is able to obtain more fine- grained data aggregation results for better monitoring and controlling smart grid. Detailed security analysis shows that the proposed scheme can achieve privacy-preserving property with formal proof in the random oracle model. In addition, extensive experiments are conducted, and the results demonstrate the proposed scheme is also efficient in terms of low computational costs and communication overheads.


Significance Anhydrobiosis is a reversible ametabolic state that occurs in response to severe desiccation. The largest anhydrobiotic animal known is the larva of the African chironomid Polypedilum vanderplanki. Here, we investigated how the metabolism of larvae changes during the desiccation–rehydration cycle and how simple biochemical processes determine viability of the chironomid. Major findings suggest that, in addition to its known anhydroprotectant role, trehalose acts as a major source of energy for rehydration. Citrate and adenosine monophosphate, accumulated in the dry state, allow rapid resumption of metabolism during the recovery phase. Finally, metabolic waste is stored as stable or nontoxic compounds such as allantoin, xanthurenic acid, or ophthalmic acid that may also act as antioxidants. Some organisms have evolved a survival strategy to withstand severe dehydration in an ametabolic state, called anhydrobiosis. The only known example of anhydrobiosis among insects is observed in larvae of the chironomid Polypedilum vanderplanki. Recent studies have led to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying anhydrobiosis and the action of specific protective proteins. However, gene regulation alone cannot explain the rapid biochemical reactions and independent metabolic changes that are expected to sustain anhydrobiosis. For this reason, we conducted a comprehensive comparative metabolome–transcriptome analysis in the larvae. We showed that anhydrobiotic larvae adopt a unique metabolic strategy to cope with complete desiccation and, in particular, to allow recovery after rehydration. We argue that trehalose, previously known for its anhydroprotective properties, plays additional vital roles, providing both the principal source of energy and also the restoration of antioxidant potential via the pentose phosphate pathway during the early stages of rehydration. Thus, larval viability might be directly dependent on the total amount of carbohydrate (glycogen and trehalose). Furthermore, in the anhydrobiotic state, energy is stored as accumulated citrate and adenosine monophosphate, allowing rapid reactivation of the citric acid cycle and mitochondrial activity immediately after rehydration, before glycolysis is fully functional. Other specific adaptations to desiccation include potential antioxidants (e.g., ophthalmic acid) and measures to avoid the accumulation of toxic waste metabolites by converting these to stable and inert counterparts (e.g., xanthurenic acid and allantoin). Finally, we confirmed that these metabolic adaptations correlate with unique organization and expression of the corresponding enzyme genes.


[Abstract]: This project aims to investigate Coal Seam Gas (CSG) as an alternative fuel for stationary gas turbine engines. CSG is a new and emerging technology especially in Queensland which has extensive and very attainable reserves. Technological and infrastructural developments are making CSG more attainable and more cost effective as an alternative fuel for domestic use, as a replacement for petrol and diesel fuels, heating and cooling, and also for export.

There are two essential facets of this project being a detailed analysis of the transportation and distribution issues, and the development of a small scale gas turbine engine.

The model turbine has been built as a basis for experiment to compare fuel consumption, and thermal efficiency of CSG compared to another appropriate fossil fuel.

Transportation and distribution will be analysed through research into CSG extraction and refinement, existing CSG infrastructure, expected points of use in the context of stationary jet engines, and the required infrastructure to provide the gas to the expected points of use.

Based on the research and preliminary testing conducted in this report it was concluded that CSG is a very feasible fuel which will only become cheaper with time due to significant investments in infrastructure and technology relating to CSG. The running cost calculations based on the model engine's collected test data provided a running cost saving of 58.1% for CNG over LPG. This is a significant margin which does not consider case by case variables such as specific infrastructure installation costs however does allow for significant initial investment due to the significant saving in running costs.


In view of the present situation that the campus property are stolen at colleges and some equipments work independently,the paper puts forward a campus autocontrol network system with the combination of BACnet and Lonworks,which can realize the joint work of conflagration alarm,safety prevention,protective control,emergent rescue,distance learning,teaching control,electricity control,watersupply equipments and building control,resulting in the development of campus automation.


Rapid discharge of wastes by Japanese carpet shell Ruditapes philippinarum was determined at various water temperature,salinity,pH and illumination to search for quick cleaning technology.The results showed that quicker discharge of wastes was found in the animals maintained at 15-20 ℃ than at other temperature,89.59% of the wastes eliminated in 4 hour treatment.The animals showed rapid discharge of wastes at a salinity of 25-30,with removal rate of 88.4% 4 hours after treatment.There was more rapid discharge of wastes by Japanese carpet shell in darkness than in natural light,the percentage of the discharged waste being 85.92% 4 hours after treatment.The quicker discharge of waste was observed in the low alkaline water at pH 7-8 than in the other conditions,with removal rate of 87.99% 4 hours after treatment.It is concluded that good purification can be achieved at water temperature of 15-20 ℃,salinity 20-30 and pH 7-8 in darkness.


The objective of the Road Structure Research Programme (TPPT) is to improve the trafficability of roads and to reduce annual costs. These objectives are achieved by gaining a greater degree of control over the factors affecting the distress and evenness of roads in the areas of fatigue, frost heave and bearing capacity. In this study, the design criteria for these factors are investigated, so that the limiting values for TPPT test sections can be set so that the distress and evenness criteria are fullfilled.


Purpose: The purpose of this paper has been to study factors that influence the success of e-marketplaces. Due to the development of internet and information technology, a new business model called ...


: Although the control strategy regarding quasi-Z-source inverter (qZSI) has been widely studied, the dynamic response and steady-state accuracy of the system with a non-linear section should be further improved. Based on this, this study proposes an energy shaping control (ESC) method based on the port-controlled Hamiltonian (PCH) model for qZSIs. Firstly, based on the average state-space model, the PCH model of the qZSI system is first built, which is an indispensable preprocessing for the following controller design. Based on the proposed model, the ESC method combining the interconnect matrix with damping configuration is proposed to improve the dynamic response and steady-state accuracy, which is verified through comparing with several existing linear and non-linear control strategies in detail. Finally, simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.


The support vector machines (SVM) model was established to predict chlorophyll-a concentration of impoundment process in Xiangxi Bay of Three Gorges Reservoir. In surveys, 10 stations have been investigated and 191 samples were collected from September 25 to October 14 in 2007. Using stepwise multiple linear regression (MLR) method, six important environmental factors (water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, phosphate, total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen) were selected as independent variables in SVM model. The optimal parameters of the SVM model was determined based on leave one out cross validation (LOOCV). For the LOOCV test, the cross validated squared correlation coefficient Q2 for optimal SVM was 0.7428. Compared with stepwise MLR model, the SVM model has more powerful predictive capacity with the squared correlation coefficient R2 of 0.8768 for the test set.


In a broader sense this thesis focuses on further education of adults. From this point of view it defines the concept and specific of education of adults and further on describes a lecturer, forms and methods used in this process. In a narrower conception it describes a general view and specific within the education of adults in a company. It then becomes the starting point for the empirical part, which applies to analysis of a company?s educational offer as well as evaluating the offer of further education in spare time with regard to the form, method, lecturer as well as time implementation of the education activity. The essence of the evaluation is to identify the ideas of employees about free-time education according to selected standards and their comparison with the actual offer.


Khartoum, the capital of because of the huge amount of generated wastes. Thousands of tons are generated daily, generally, uncollected wastes accumulate at roadsides a and wetlands, contaminating surface and ground water, posing major health hazards. Land started in Sudan since 2008 but not properly engineered, most amount of the region's waste is disposed in open dumps or semi groundwater protection, leachate recovery, or treatment systems. Khartoum state;almost 70% (3,570 tons/day) must dispose to landfill aft recyclable materials (plastic, metals, glass, etc.). generated from three parts of Khartoum state, Khartoum, Bahri and Omdurman. It needs to be dumped on three proper designed landfills. On the design and management problems if occurred in any Cell (e.g. containment of fire or isolation problems), cells will have 60,000 m3 capacity with 1800m meters to achieve up to 4 meters below existing ground level. The total landfill area for period of a year equal 97,200 m, and cells must have isolated by HDPE (high density poly ethylene) leachate. design of landfill to receive waste and the generated gases.


ABSTRACT Modern buildings are managed by the BMS (Building Management System), a supervisory system that controls its mechanical and electrical devices. The automatic detection of faults and malfunctions plays a crucial role in the monitoring and control processes of electrical devices located in a smart building. The integration of this functionality within a BMS allows to improve the consistency and the effectiveness of the control network and to recognize and report in real-time the system's malfunctioning. The research focuses on the definition of Fault Detection procedures to verify the successful implementation of sequential commands given by control and supervisory system. The authors realize a tool to control and manage in real-time the data coming from the sensors to verify the effective implementation of a command. The procedure is based on the following important assumption – we must be able to associate the trend of a given reference magnitude with each command. By monitoring the magnitude's status and comparing them with default threshold values, the algorithms determine the command execution. Authors apply the proposed strategies on the F40 building, located in the ENEA R.C. 'La Casaccia', to detect faults and anomalies that can be traced to probable cyber intrusion or devices malfunctioning.


In the article, it is stated that the development of children's creative thinking is a requirement of time, and responsibility is given to educators and psychologists employed at educational institutions, and new approaches are needed to develop creative thinking in young people.


An improved lawn combine includes a frame having a plurality of rotatable wheels, including a pair of spaced-apart rear wheels, supporting and coupled to the frame, drive-actuated feed devices mounted on the frame for feeding materials in prescribed dosages to the lawn surface and drive means mounted on the frame for propelling at least one of the wheels of the frame and for actuating the aerator and the feed devices. The combine further includes a pair of manually-operable brake assemblies, each of which is disposed for cooperation with one of the rear wheels. Each of the brake assemblies is movable between a non-engaged and engaged position relative to the associated rear wheel, in the latter position of which it at least frictionally retards rotation of the associated rear wheel.


After the mid 1980s, the startup of economy brought immense changes to the social life,and also brought transitions to the social mind. The contemporary Chinese literature presented a very different phase from the bygone literature.A great number of writers gave away noble,reduced lyricism and pursued formality.The article will entrance from the loss of idealism,exam the transition, causation, value and loss of the phenomena.


The Central Intelligence Agency was set up in 1947 as the key agency for US Cold War operations. From its inception, it has intervened in the trade union movement and workers' political parties throughout much of the world, including Australia.


In this paper we argue that the computational creativity community would benefit by working together to create a methodology for a systematic assessment and comparison of our creative agents. To achieve this goal, we suggest collaborating with experts in real-world environments to develop what we refer to as Rich Creative Environment Experience (RICEE). We describe a work in progress, where two artists and one CC scientist collaborate, to illustrate a possible way to build a RICEE. Based on this experience, we suggest some initial steps to start the development of this methodology. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to motivate the CC community to collaborate in the development of a methodology for the design and implementation of RICEEs.


It is well known that Poncirus trifoliata harmonizes the Stomach dissipates the Nodules of Liver and manages Vitality. This herb has been used for stomachache, vomitting, nausea, abdominal distension and swelling of testis in the Oriental Medicine. A major components of Poncirus trifoliata consist o...


High-grade nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer is characterized by high rates of disease progression following introduction of bladder-preservation therapy after treatment with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin.


Due to the high importance in the global economy and the availability of comprehensive data set, the motion picture industry has emerged as an important focus of research inquiry. A large amount of studies have been conducted to investigate the determinants of the box office revenues, and sequel is found to be a key factor in improving the box office performance of movies. In spite of the numerous studies concerning the motion picture industry, little is known about the specific box office drivers of motion picture sequels. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to (1) conceptualize movie sequels as brand extensions of an experiential product; (2) collect a data set comprising of both single movie sequels and multiple movie sequels to reveal box office drivers of movie sequels; (3) in terms of multiple movie sequels, how the box office performance of the most recent intervening sequels affects the box office revenue of the subsequent sequels and (4) what kind movie sequel is amenable to success. A linear regression model approach is adopted to address this research topic. The results indicate that: (1) the box office performance of the parent movie is positively related to the success of the sequel; (2) the box office revenue of a movie sequel is influenced by its naming strategy; (3) PG-13 rated movie sequels are more amenable to success.


A new process variation monitoring circuit (PVMC) has been proposed in the paper. The goal is to generate a digital signal/code which (code value) will characterize the process corner. The circuit uses only metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) transistors to detect variation of their parameters, or process corner by generating digital signals. Process variation is detected based on variation of parameters of n-type MOS transistor, such as threshold voltage, oxide thickness. Proposed circuits' operation is based on a method called "dynamic measurement", which enables to monitor process variation or corner by using only one type of transistors (n-type or p-type). Absence of devices such as bipolar transistors, diodes and resistors, reference voltage or current (or other parameters) sources leads to increase in detection accuracy and simplicity, as well as circuit area and current reduction. Post-layout simulation results prove correct functionality of the proposed circuit. Although proposed circuit detects process variation/corner by dealing with parameters of n-type MOS transistors, it can be easily modified to include/detect variation of also p-type MOS transistors, resistors or other components.


We theoretically investigate non-reciprocal mode-conversion arising from Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS) in sub-micron nanophotonic waveguides. We find that hybrid acoustic modes can be efficiently generated via radiation pressure, leading to enhancement of SBS-based mode conversion.


A three-month, hospital-connected he life pattern of many halfway house program was estabchronic psychiatric patients is T lished by two occupational therapists characterized by poor community at the Sepulveda Veterans Adminisadjustment. which leads to numertration Medical Center, Sepulveda, ous rehospitalizations within short California. The program emphasized time periods. A major factor in this living skills and social skill training p<lttern is a deficiency and/or low Jar chronic neuropsychiatric patients. confidence in performing day-toThe 19 graduates oj the program day living skills. Inpatient treatwere able to make the transition Jrom ment tends to focus on alleviating the hospital to the community and to symptoms or resolving problems maintain themselves in the commusuch as financial difficulties. Connity Jar longer periods oj time with sequently, these patients are not shorter rehospitalizations. The 5prepared to handle the social isoyear Jollow-up also indicated that Jar lation and the responsibilities they the majority oj the patients the qualoften face upon reentry into the ity oj community living improved as community (I). Thus their sympmeasured by their satisJaction with toms may quickly recur, and they their occupational choices (vocamay return to the hospital, engagtional, avocational) and their living ing in a "revolving door" cycle of arrangements. ad III ission a nd discharge. Recognizing that hospital-based occupational therapy often does not provide patients with opportunities for learning and practicing living skills in the comlllunity. the occupational therapists at Sepulveda Veterans Administration Medical Center (SV AMC) developed a halfway house program located outside the hospital grounds that provides supportive training for the acquisition of community living skills. This paper describes the hospital-connected halfway house program and examines the impact such a program can have on the community acUustrnent of neuropsychiatric clients based on a 5-year follow-up study of the participating residents.


It is proposed that the moisture content measurement for small and randomly shaped materials that was difficult by the conventional electrical methods be done by a new technique making use of the resonant frequency of a dielectric ring resonator. An analysis of the resonant frequency and a possibility of the new measurement method are discussed.

First, for taking the correlation of the moisture content with the shift of the resonant frequency of a moist sample within a resonator caused by the change of the permittivity, the theoretical value of the resonant frequency was derived by the mode matching method when an arbitrary dielectric sample was placed at the hollow central part of a dielectric ring.

A theoretical equation was derived and its validity was confirmed by comparison of the theoretical and experimental values for a known dielectric sample. From the relationship between the shift of the resonant frequency and the permittivity of the sample obtained from the theoretical equation, the shift of the resonant frequency is found usable for measurement of moisture content.

Further, this was confirmed by the measurement in the case where cardboard is used as a sample in a Teflon ring resonator. The measured and theoretical results for high moisture contents were compared. The discrepancy from the theoretical results is several percent. A possibility was demonstrated for a new moisture content measurement technique based on the shift of the resonant frequency of a dielectric ring resonator and the sample weight.


Wadi Quena is one of the major wadis of the Eastern Desert in Egypt. It is unique in its nourth-south orientation among other wadis in this desert. Phytosociological study of this wadi is based on the analysis of vegetation in 21 stands, using the Zurich Montpellier technique. The vegetation survey indicated the prevailance of perennials in this wadi. Thirty nine species comprising the vegetation of the wadi are segregated in two community types: 1. Anabasis setifera - Acacia ehrenbergiana and 2. Zygophyllum coccineum-Shouwia thebaica. The second community type has two subcommunities: a. Tamarix nilotica - Artemisia judaica and b. Cotula cinerea - Cleome droserifolia. Elements of the alliance Zygophyllaeion coccini previously recognized in other wadis of this desert are well represented in this wadi. The distribution of the communities recognized in this study seems to be dependent upon the moisture retention properties and on the soil depth.


This paper considers the design of online transmission policies for slotted energy harvesting point-to-point communications systems in wireless fading channels. The objective is to minimize the competitive rate gap that is defined as the maximum gap between the optimal rates that can be achieved by the offline, and online transmission policies over all possible energy arrival profiles, and fading states. The paper introduces the competitive rate gap analysis, and solves the particular case of two transmission slots. For two time slots, we show that the optimal competitive rate gap is 0.2075 bits/s/Hz, and present a transmission policy that achieves it. The new online policy is shown to outperform previously proposed online policies, such as the myopic policy.


The thesis discusses the untrue joint and several liability with its concept,constitution important document,effectiveness and other related problems,reasons its nationality and practical meaningfulness,and gives suggestion to the legislation and judiciary.


The motivation is a certain internal force or reason of encouraging people to do things.One's motivation is always closely related with meeting his demands.Motivation plays an essential role in foreign language learning.It's not only a key factor in affecting the result of learning,but also a very important problem in foreign language teaching and it plays a guiding role in foreign language teaching.Motivation guides learning and makes it move on towards the goal.According to the characteristic of motivation,the text tells how to stimulate the motivation of foreign language learning.Thus it can help us improve foreign language learning,then master it more quickly.


This Paper presents an application of GSI Hoek rock mass classification to the areas highly disturbed by the underground mining influence. The Author considers: the back analysis method, survey measurements, mining and geological data, numerical modelling, and estimating a GSI value which suitably describes rock mass conditions in the Upper Silesian area.


Diaphorencyrtus aligarhensis (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is herein reported for the first time from Colombia based on specimens collected in the municipality of Palmira, department of Valle del Cauca. Adult male and female wasps of this endoparasitoid are diagnosed based on published literature and character states taken from specimens collected in the present study. The adult parasitoids were extracted from parasitized nymphs (mummies) of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae). Information is provided on the differences in the morphology of parasitized nymphs of D. citri with exit holes made by the two main primary parasitoids, i.e., Tamarixia radiata (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) and D. aligarhensis. Rates of parasitization on D. citri ranged from 1.5 to 24.2 % for T. radiata and 0.3 to 1.0 % for D. aligarhensis. With the present study, the presence of D. aligarhensis in Colombia becomes the second confirmed report of the species in South America, after Ecuador.


Objective To observe the change in sensitivity of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells to gefitinib after up-regulation of mir-7 expression and its underlying mechanism. Methods The logarithmic growth phase A549 cells were harvested and randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control group (NC group), transfection group (mir-7 group), gefitinib group (G group), and G+mir-7 group (A549 cells were treated with gefitinib after mir-7 transfection). The MTT assay was used to determine the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of gefitinib for A549 cells. Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to determine the mRNA and protein expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R), Raf1 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Results The IC50 of gefitinib to A549 cells was significantly lower in G+mir-7 group (8.57±0.61μmol/L) than in gefitinib group (15.63±0.82μmol/L, P<0.01). The results of real-time PCR and Western blot showed that the mRNA and protein expressions of EGFR, IGF-1R, Raf1 and ERK were significantly lower in G+mir-7 group than in NC group, mir-7 group and gefitinib group (P<0.01). Conclusion The up-regulation of mir-7 expression may enhance the sensitivity of A549 cells to gefitinib, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibitory effect of mir-7 on signal pathway of EGFR and IGF-1R.


For over 20 years, the intravenous 'pulse' cyclophosphamide regime, instituted by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, has been the 'gold standard' immunosuppressive regime for the treatment of lupus nephritis. While there has been broad agreement that this treatment has contributed signiŽ cantly to the outcome of lupus nephritis, the costs in terms of adverse effects have been high. The infection rate (including herpes zoster) of up to 25% and the high risk of ovarian failure have limited the use of this treatment. Patients are becoming increasingly reluctant to subject themselves to these risks, in some cases refusing cyclophosphamide therapy completely. Over the past 15 years, a 'low-dose' weekly pulse cyclophosphamide regime, essentially 500 mg intravenously for three weeks, then 500 mg monthly, followed by a switch to azathioprine, has been pioneered by the lupus team at St Thomas' Hospital. Two open studies in Wegener's granulomatosis, and in lupus nephritis showed encouraging results. In particular, a markedly reduced incidence of ovarian failure was noted. These preliminary results prompted a multicentre European initiative, led by Professor Frederic Houssiau, of the use of a slightly modiŽ ed 'St Thomas' Lupus Protocol' in the management of lupus nephritis, essentially six intravenous pulses of cyclophosphamide 500 mg, given at two-week intervals. The results, published last year in Arthritis and Rheumatism, showed a similar outcome in terms of efŽ cacy. Ninety systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with class IV lupus nephritis were randomly assigned to a high-dose IV cyclophosphamide regimen (six monthly pulses and two quarterly pulses doses increased according to the white blood cell count nadir) or a low-dose IV cyclophosphamide regimen as above, each of which was followed by azathioprine. Patients were followed up for approximately 41 months in both groups. Results in terms of renal remission and renal  ares were not signiŽ cantly different between the two groups. The frequency of severe infection in the high-dose group was more than double than that in the low-dose group, but the difference was not statistically signiŽ cant. This study has been acclaimed as providing an alternative to the standard NIH regime for Caucasian patients with early disease and relatively well-preserved renal function. African-American patients appear to have a worse outcome in terms of the risk of end stage renal disease (ESRD) and it has been suggested that this low-dose regimen should be reserved for 'low risk' patients. However, previous studies from St Thomas' included a high proportion of Afro-Caribbean patients and the risk of ESRD was similar to that of the NIH data. The major difference between the St Thomas' low-dose regimen and the NIH regimen is that long-term maintenance therapy with azathioprine is not used in the NIH regimen and this may explain the relatively high relapse rate of this regimen. Somewhat in parallel with these developments has been the emerging experience of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) as an immunosuppressive drug in lupus, particularly lupus nephritis. MMF was introduced initially in transplantation, where it achieved lower acute rejection rates compared with azathioprinecontaining regimens. Early work with MMF in animal models of lupus showed beneŽ t, with for example, improved overall and renal survival in the NZB/W mouse model. MMF is an ester pro-drug of the bioactive mycophenolic acid (MPA), which inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP-DH). This catalyses a rate-limiting step in the de novo synthesis pathway of purine nucleotides, on which lymphocytes are dependent. MMF inhibits both B and T lymphocyte proliferation and decreases antibody production. MMF can have effects on glycosylation of adhesion molecules, as well as inhibiting their in vitro expression. MMF has effects on the kidney beyond this immunological activity. For example, it inhibits mesangial cell proliferation in experimental systems and reduces glomerular, tubular and interstitial cellular proliferation in the 5/6 nephrectomy rat model. MMF has now been widely used in human lupus, as well as a number of other autoimmune diseases. Chan et al. reported the Ž rst randomized control trial of MMF in lupus nephritis in the New England Journal of Medicine in 2000. In this 12-month study, they demonstrated similar remission rates between MMF (21 patients treated) and oral cyclophosphamide (21 patients) for induction therapy in class IV disease. Infections were not statistically different between the two groups, but amenorrhoea (23%), leucopenia (10%), hair loss (19%) and death (10%) occurred only in the cyclophosphamide group. L upus (2004) 13, 1– 3


1. The Treaty and its Territorial Reach 2. Article 101 (1) 3. Article 101 (3) 4. Market Definition 5. Cartels 6. Other Horizontal Arrangements 7. Vertical Agreements 8. Merger Control 9. Intellectual Property Rights 10. Article 102 11. The Competition Rules and the Acts of the Member States 12. Sectoral Regimes 13. Enforcement by the EU Commission 14. Fines 15. Enforcement by NCAs 16. Remedies in National Courts 17. State Aids


This paper aimed to evaluate the land use of the ru ral areas of Brazlândia and Rio Preto, representati ve agroecossystems of DF. Through a SPOT 4 image and a georreferenced database, an evaluation of the use of these areas was performed. Using a supervised class ification of the image, land use maps were generate d. The land use maps were overlaid with the land capabilit y maps of the same areas, generating the land use a dequacy maps. It was observed that 42% of Brazlândia's area is occupied by bare soils, 24.8% by arable areas, 14.4% by forests, 14.3% by pastures and other uses occupy 4. 5%. It was also verified that 35% of this rural nuc leus, lands are in adequate use according to land capability, 2 1,7% are being used above the land capability, 42.2 % are being used bellow the land capability and 1.7% repr esent urban areas. At Rio Preto, it was observed th at 40% is occupied by bare soils, 42.4% by arable areas, 5.6% by forests, 4.4% by cerrado and other uses are 7.5 %. About 3.6% of the area is in environmental risk due to th e inadequate use of the lands. Palavras-chave: geoprocessing, land use, sustainability, geoprocess amento, uso das terras, sustentabilidade.


This paper outlines the progress in research on CuInS2 material for solar cells.The structural
character,the optical properties and the electrical properties of CuInS2 material are introduced.Furthermore,the effect of doping on the properties in discussed.Finally,some existing problems and future directions are suggested.


when she was a child; she always disobeyed teachers. She went on to say that she was not the kind of person who can easily ask for help. She said her mother had been seriously ill recently. Her father could cry. She always had to appear as the strong one. She wished she could change and learn to cry. If she could cry, she would feel great relief. She began to sob in the interview. She also said that she had met some helpful psychiatrists in the hospital where she worked as a clerk and she had learned from them that you need not be crazy to go for therapy. She would very much like to have help for herself and her boy. Mrs. B's initial rejection of treatment for her son seemed to be connected wi th her fear of her own infantile impulses, which she equated with mental illness. Her intense resistance to treatment reversed itself when she sensed that the worker understood her need to deny her son's obvious difficulties. The worker's verbal support of her defense of denial and projection enabled her to ventilate her feelings of resentment toward the threatening principal. Following this healthy discharge of feelings, she recalled her own school difficulties as a child. She then revealed a digestive symptom and expressed a desire Social Casework


The attenuation coefficient of a corrugated rectangular waveguide is determined by the power-loss method, using approximations previously found to be successful. An error in earlier predictions by other workers is corrected, and the region identified in which the corrugated waveguide exhibits an attenuation advantage over comparable smooth-wall rectangular waveguide. However, the comparable circular corrugated waveguide is shown to be superior.


Using global positioning system (GPS) and a BOSCH exhaust gas analyzer, emissions of many different types liquified natural gas (LNG) buses in real driving conditions in Shenzhen were tested. The emission characteristics of the LNG bus in real driving conditions were analyzed and the results indicated that the carbon dioxide (CO) emission is lower and the HC and NOx are higher for the LNG bus in Shenzhen.


Functional equations can be established between the soil water retention curve and the fractal dimension of soil struc- tures by the fractal geometry theory.Based on the property of the same or similar power-law between beth the functional equations and Campbell law,an inverse deduction on the fractal dimension of soil pore is made with the soil water retention curve;from which not only the inner relationship between Campbell law and the structure of soil pore can be revealed,but a theoretical basis for the fractal model of the unsaturated soil hydraulic parameters can also be estasblishied.


AIM
To investigate the association between the CTLA-4 promoter-1722(T/C) and 3' untranslated region CT60(G/A) polymorphisms and the risk of breast cancer in Han women of northeast China.

METHODS
328 patients with breast cancer and 327 healthy people as control were genotyped for -1722 and CT60 polymorphism using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism.

RESULTS
The frequency of the G allele at the CT60 site in breast cancer patients was statistically higher than that in control(28.7% vs 23.5%, P=0.0352, OR=1.30, 95% CI=1.02-1.67). The frequency of -1722C-CT60A haplotype in control was significantly higher than that in breast cancer patients(P=0.0283, OR=0.77, 95% CI=0.97-0.61). However, the distribution of genotypes at -1722 site was not significantly different between breast cancer patients and control.

CONCLUSION
The polymorphism of -1722T/C and CT60G/A may be related to the development of breast cancer in Han women of northern China.


The study focuses on the statements made by Yoshida Shoin on the Korean Peninsula, and analyzes the statue from the perspective of "Korean Peninsula...


Nowadays, European Union's Green Deal, sustainable competitiveness and eco-innovation have transformed into the very popular words in the new theory of economics. The basic purpose of this article is to examine the significance of sustainable competitiveness and eco-innovation in achieving prosperity in EU-27 Member States by applying various methodological measurement instruments. This research contributes by enlightening the new approach of sustainable competitiveness and different dimensions of EU innovation, by exploring the relationships among indicators of the global sustainable competitiveness, the global- digital -competitive SMEs performance, EU innovation and eco-innovation for achieving prosperity in EU-27 countries. Research results are able to assure valuable information to policymakers, while the variety in ranking position among essential indicators and declaration of liabilities are the foundation for the up-coming acceptance of economic actions and policies for progress of EU-27 Member States towards EU's Green Deal.


The work is focused on the generation of localized molecular orbitals for excited states. A recently developed a priori method based in a CAS-SCF–type algorithm is applied. The method generates directly localized orbitals and can be applied to multireference wavefunctions. A detailed description of the performance of the method as well as the locality of the MOs for the example of the singlet nπ* (CO) excited state is given. It is in general possible to obtain local orbitals for the doubly occupied and virtual valence orbitals. The partial delocalization of the π* (CO) orbital is discussed, as is the effect of the use of different CAS spaces. The systems under study are polyenals, polyendials, and polyenones where the π* (CO) orbital interacts with the rest of the π system. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2004


This research is an empirical analysis of Mongolia's carbon emission factors, it identifies the relationship between carbon emission and factors of this emission, by analysing greenhouse effect and its function, also introducing the concept of ecological load capacity and using grey system theory.  The result shows that the consumption of energy has the most important effect on carbon emission in Mongolia; there are other factors such as population, household final consumption expenditure, GDP and gross fixed capital formation. The challenge for government to balance the economic development and environment protection, carbon emission can be reduced but that needs an entire commitment and hard work of both government and people. The results from this study contribute to a more in-depth understanding of the carbon emissions status in magnolia and serves as reference when launching region-based emissions mitigation policies. Keywords: Carbon Emissions; Kaya Identity; Grey System; Mongolia


In this study, a better knowledge of the influence of crosslinking mechanism on the mechanical properties of starch films is presented. Thus, waxy starch and cassava starch films, cross-linked with trisodium trimetaphosphate (TMPT), were produced and characterized with respect to their morphology, transport, and mechanical properties. Starch crosslinking was verified by RAMAN spectroscopy and by iodine binding capacity (IBC) values, which were determined by color analysis of digital images. Although crosslinking affects the morphology and crystallinity of the films, it was not observed relationship between the mechanism of the crosslinking reaction of starch chain (amylose-amylopectin and amylopectin-amylopectin) and the transport properties. The lower Young Modulus and IBC value and the higher elongation at break observed for crosslinking cassava starch films relative to control and waxy films indicate that crosslinking mechanism influences the mechanical properties of starch films and should be considered to tailor the final properties of packaging and biobased products.


For practical usage of quantum systems in solving real-world problems, large amounts of classical data are required to be transferred/encoded to the quantum domain. Arbitrary classical data is usually encoded onto quantum devices by synthesizing and initializing a corresponding quantum state. Current techniques of arbitrary state synthesis, however, produce deep and complex quantum circuits, leading to low state fidelity and possible violations of decoherence constraints. In this work, we propose an improved methodology and optimized circuits for synthesizing any arbitrary quantum state from given classical data. Compared to existing methods, the proposed methodology results in circuits with lower gate count, lower circuit depth, and high state fidelity. The proposed methods are evaluated by simulation in MATLAB and IBM qasm, and realistic implementation on an IBM quantum device. The experimental results show a reduction in gate count and circuit depth by a factor of two over existing methods.


Flexible electronic devices based on smart fabrics are generating a vast amount of interest and increasing efforts are being devoted to their development. In the next future, smart textiles will integrate diverse functions such as energy harvesting, human health monitoring and more. As a consequence, the development of flexible energy storage as a mean to power wearable devices has become ever more urgent.
 Among the manufacturing techniques for flexible batteries and capacitors, inkjet printing has cemented itself as one of the most popular, mainly thanks to its versatility and simplicity. In this scenario, a great effort is being devoted towards research and development of innovative, more sustainable materials that satisfy the requirements for both printability and energy storage capabilities. [1] Prussian blue analogues (PBA) are a class of materials that have been studied extensively as cathodic materials for a wide variety of energy storage devices, such as Li-ion batteries, Na-ion batteries, Zn-ion batteries, and supercapacitors. [2] Their open framework structure allows reversible intercalation of hydrated cations, making them perfectly compatible with aqueous electrolytes. Thanks to this feature, along with their agile synthetic route, low cost and benign nature of their precursors, PBA are regarded as one of the most promising materials for future energy storage devices. [3]
 Despite their increasing popularity, inkjet printing of PBA for flexible energy storage devices has not been reported yet. In this work, inkjet printing of PBA is proposed as a viable technique to manufacture flexible asymmetric supercapacitors with a Ti3C2 MXene anode. MXenes are a new class of 2D materials which have gained a lot of interest due to their metallic conductivity and exceptional water processability. While their use in symmetric capacitors has already been demonstrated, these devices tend to operate in a small potential window (≈ 500 mV) as to prevent unwanted MXene oxidation, which limits their specific power. [4] By coupling the MXene anode with a PBA cathode, it is therefore possible to extend the potential window of the device and consequently the power that can be delivered.
 Prussian blue analogues powders are synthesized by the traditional co-precipitation route. Printable, water-based inks containing the PBA particles are then used to manufacture flexible electrodes on various substrates. Electrochemical characterization is carried out in custom, 3D printed, three electrodes cells, allowing for non-destructive testing of the printed electrodes. Finally, the electrochemical properties of the capacitors will be tested in aqueous electrolytes as well as with semi-solid electrolytes at rest and under mechanical deformation.

 Bibliography

 [1] K. H. Choi, D. B. Ahn, and S. Y. Lee, "Current Status and Challenges in Printed Batteries: Toward Form Factor-Free, Monolithic Integrated Power Sources," ACS Energy Lett., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 220–236, Jan. 2018.
 [2] G. Du and H. Pang, "Recent advancements in Prussian blue analogues: Preparation and application in batteries," Energy Storage Mater., vol. 36, pp. 387–408, Apr. 2021.
 [3] B. Wang et al., "Prussian Blue Analogs for Rechargeable Batteries," iScience, vol. 3, pp. 110–133, May 2018.
 [4] D. Wen et al., "Inkjet Printing Transparent and Conductive MXene (Ti3C2Tx) Films: A Strategy for Flexible Energy Storage Devices," ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, vol. 13, no. 15, pp. 17766–17780, Apr. 2021.


Resumen en: We present an overview of the latest results of an ongoing large-scale, optical photometric and spectroscopic survey of very low mass stars and brown dwa...


In a high voltage dc (HVDC) high temperature superconducting (HTS) cable composed of polypropylene laminated paper (PPLP), butt-gaps are unavoidable during fabrication, which may lead to formation of voids. When dc voltage higher than partial discharge inception voltage (PDIV) is applied, partial discharge occurs in the void. If void discharge sustains, the electrical ageing of PPLP accelerates, and eventually dielectric breakdown may occur due to the lowering of dielectric strength. Thus, for timely maintenance and repair of HVDC HTS cable, identification technology for void defects is required. However, there is no previous research and technologies for defect identification and insulation diagnosis on HVDC HTS cables. Therefore, in this paper, in order to suggest the insulation diagnosis method for void defects of the HVDC HTS cable based on the pulse sequence analysis (PSA) method, void discharges were measured according to the size of void and magnitude of applied voltage. Also, patterns of the void discharge were obtained using PSA methods and PYTHON program. Experimental results indicate that, although the magnitude, time difference and repetition rate of partial discharge are different depending on the configuration of the void and the applied voltage, but the patterns of void discharge are consistent. Therefore, it is considered that identification and insulation diagnosis for void defects in HVDC HTS cable is possible through the obtained DC void partial discharge patterns.


In order to solve the problems of time consuming, energy consumption and low simulation accuracy in the hot air-drying system of food drying. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate the drying process of mushrooms can provide a reference for its technology research and development (R&D). The porous media approach was used to model the flow resistance offered by the mushroom. The resistance coefficient and porosity were determined through the experiments. Different air supply ways (wind speed, temperature, fresh air volume, reverse air supply period) were simulated and two optimize ways were suggested according the shortest possible drying time. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results. The air supply way of periodic with reverse (SMPR), which means timed alternate the direction of air flow, or the way of mix in fresh air intermittently can effectively shorten the drying time. Considering comprehensively, the optimal air supply way was the mix in fresh air intermittently with fresh air accounts for 30% or SMPR with the period of 2h under the condition of the hot air temperature of 55°C and wind velocity of 0.6m/s.


Virological study 6 fatal cases of poliomyelitis was made, having poliovirus isolated from different organ samples taken during the autopsy. Poliovirus Type I. mesenteric ganglion marrow, large intestine, liver, spleen was isolated. Poliovirus type II, bone, intestine, rectal scraping. Poliovirus Type III marrow, mesenteric ganglion, large intestine, small intestine, liver, spleen and kidney.


The article discusses the relevance of music education in Australia. Over the last decade, many music educators in Australia have recognised the challenge for music education in the 1990's. Across Australia there has been a conscious effort to re-think inherited music of Western Europe as a basis for our music curricula. Already the contemporary popular music idiom is being included in many schools and some tertiary institutions. In particular it discusses the government music programme AUSMUSIC and the Roll-Over-Beethoven programme.


This paper describes how the planning and design of major intermodal transit stations and terminals has been as much an art as a science, especially with regard to the assessment of the multimodal operational environment and associated capacity limitations. In this multimodal environment, changes to the operation of one mode have ripple effects throughout all the other modes. This complexity rapidly multiplies when new facilities are added to serve wholly new modes or operating lines, new boarding platforms, or new multi-level pedestrian facilities. The use of simulation models in recent years has helped bring a higher level of "science" to the "art" of design, but even so, the conventional approach to simulation-based analysis is limited. The reason for this limitation is that typically the tools applied are stand-alone simulation models that look at one aspect only, such as just the pedestrian facilities, or just the street traffic operations. This paper introduces a more powerful and effective approach that is called "Holistic Analysis."


The phonetic consistency of the spelling system makes reading in Czech relatively easy. As soon as a Czech child learns to pronounce correctly one letter after another, he can read almost any word and any text. Reading speed is the best individual indicator of reading development. One to two per cent of school children are regarded as dyslexic and remedial provision is planned and available for about 4% of the child population. 'Early readers' are defined as those who have learnt to read before 4 years of age. Findings on 76 such children are presented. Four stages of acquisition of reading skill can be distinguished: (i) naming of letters; (ii) discovering letter–sound constant correlation; (iii) latent period of apparently no progress; (iv) synthesizing the sounds and letters into syllables and words (i.e. the processes of coding and decoding). The advance from one stage to another seems to be regular and ordered—extremely accelerated in our 'early readers' and extremely retarded in our dyslexics. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Prince of Wales reviewing guard of honour, Wellington. Photograph taken 1920 by E T Robson.
Quantity: 1 b&w original photographic print(s).
Physical Description: Silver gelatin print 15.2 x 20.7 cm


Although monkeys, pigeons, rats and chimpanzees all appear to be able to draw transitive inferences, young children fail to do so in some situations. If we take successful performance to be indicative of rationality—as animal researchers sometimes do (Monkeys are rational!—McGonigle & Chalmers, 1992)—we have the paradox that animals are, on this criterion, more rational than are school-age children. It is possible, however, to complete 5-term transitive tasks by recruiting associative rather than logical processes; and, indeed, the tasks given to animals not only afford associative solutions but seem to require them (M&C tasks, after McGonigle & Chalmers, 1992). We asked whether 5- to 6-year-old children find a task that naturally affords the application of a logical rule (a B&T task, after Bryant & Trabasso, 1971) easier to perform than an M&C task that does not. The children found the B&T task easier—a difference that could not be explained in terms of difference in memory for the premises. This leaves open the possibility that, although children are not restricted to associative strategies when completing 5-term series tasks, animals may be thus restricted.


In order to promote the high frequency performance of open architecture CNC system, an embedded CNC controller combining FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) technology and real-time Ethernet communication bus was designed, which consisted of an embedded ARM (Advanced RISC Machines) processor and an FPGA. An open source CNC software running under Linux operating system was customized to accommodate the ARM processor, in which interpolation and motion control modules were implemented in FPGA for better real-time performance. Meanwhile, the FPGA also acted as the master node communicating with servo drivers via EPL (Ethernet Powerlink) network. The EPL stack was implemented with a Nios II soft processor in the FPGA. Experimental results have shown that the designed system worked properly.


ABSTRACT Pecky rice incidence caused by rice stink bugs greatly decreases the quality of rice grain and has come a big problem not only in Japan but also many other rice producing countries recently. In this study, antixenosis and tolerance were examined as the factors of resistance to rice stink bugs attack of rice line CRR-99-95 W. Two experiments were conducted to determine a possibility of antixenosis involvement as a factor of the resistance in CRR-99-95 W. The results showed no correlation between the number of Leptocorisa chinensis parasites and pecky rice incidence. Furthermore, no significant difference was found between the sucking frequency of Nezara viridula on mature husks of CRR-99-95 W and that on the check genotypes. These results suggest that CRR-99-95 W does not exhibit antixenosis effect against rice stink bugs. Then, to examine the tolerance factor involved in the resistance mechanism, the husks structures were analyzed. The results showed that the packing ratio of cell wall of the sclerenchyma fibers in the palea tended to be higher in CRR-99-95-W compared to the check genotype. In addition, the width of the hook openness of the palea of CRR-99-95 W was narrower than that of the check genotype. Such morphological characteristic of CRR-99-95 W may play an important role in its resistance against stink bug attack. Graphical abstract


ABSTRACT A method of analyzing seized/suspected beverages for their alcohol content using the Intoxilyzer® 5000C or the Alcotest® 7410 GLC is reported. The accuracy of alcohol content on the labels of commercially sold beverages was also examined. Wines, beers and liquors (n = 21) bought from the open market were analyzed by headspace gas chromatography (GC). The data were compared with those obtained from using the Intoxilyzer® 5000C or Alcotest® 7410 GLC. With the latter two instruments, the headspace vapour of diluted beverages was blown into the calibrated instrument through the simulator. The results obtained by the latter two instruments were within ±6% of those obtained using the GC method. The labeled alcohol concentrations were within ±5% of the values measured by GC. They can, therefore, be used as the basis for blood alcohol concentration calculations.


PurposeSocial and environmental reports have become an increasingly regulated area of corporate reporting and communication. Nevertheless, the substance and level of detail present in such disclosures is largely at the discretion of companies, which has implications for the value of such disclosures to stakeholders. The purpose of this study is to shed light on social visibility as a determinant of the variation in substance found in social disclosures in order to understand underlying reasons for why some firms offer more substance than others in their social disclosures.Design/methodology/approachBased on a number of hypotheses, which are combined into social visibility, the paper investigates whether a firm's social visibility is a determinant of substance in social disclosures. To this end, the case of modern slavery statements is used as a recently introduced and legally mandated form of social sustainability disclosures.FindingsThe findings suggest that social visibility can explain part of the variation in the substance of social disclosures. However, for the remaining part, it is argued that substance in social disclosures can also be driven by institutional logics, which shape organizational outcomes in specific contexts, but are largely unobservable.Originality/valueThis article contributes new insights to the literature on the relationship between corporate social visibility and the substance of social disclosures.


Mirex was world-widely used for decades. Because of their stability and lipophilicity, mirex has accumulated in the environment and in organisms. Being ubiquitous and very persistent in the environment, mirex has and will continue to expose to humans and other organisms. The studies indicated that mirex caused fatty changes in the livers, hyperexcitability and convulsion, and inhibition of reproduction in animals. Subsequent analysis suggested that mirex also affect human health. This paper is aimed to investigate the health effects and toxicity of mirex to animal and humans based on previous experimental data and evidence.


The outer-sphere electron-transfer reactions between [Co(III)(NH3)5L] (CIO4)3 [L = polyethyleneimine (PEI), L = NH3(Amm)] or cis-[Co(III)(en)2L′Cl]Cl2 [L′ = poly-N-vinyl-2-methylimidazole(PVI), poly-4-vinylpyridine (PVP), N-ethylimidazole (NEI), pyridine (Py)] and various Fe(II) were studied. In the reaction with Fe(II)-(phen)32+, the reactivity of Co(III)–PEI was smaller than that of Co(III)–Amm due to the larger electrostatic repulsion. On the other hand, the reactivity of Co(III)–PEI was larger by a factor of 80 in the reaction with Fe(II)(H2O)62+. From the results of rapid-scanning spectroscopy, the higher reactivity of Co(III)–PEI is caused by the coordination of free ethyleneimine residues in the Co(III)–PEI to Fe(II)–ion. Further more, the hydrophobic interaction between heteroaromatic polymer ligands and Fe(II)-(phen)32+ brought about the higher reactivities of Co(III)–PVI and Co(III)–PVP. Three interactions caused by the essential properties of polymers are discussed in relation to conformational changes.


An index-reduced formulation of the differential-algebraic equations of constrained multibody dynamics is introduced. In the derivation process, constraints are replaced by projections onto the corresponding constraint manifold. Information is preserved in this way, and drift is avoided before discretization.


Handgrip has been used as an exercise stimulus to perturbate blood pressure over the long‐term (2‐16mmHg reduction) and short‐term (1‐3mmHg reduction). Majority of previous research has been completed using a commercial device (Zona) with a preset exercise protocol of 4x2min @ 30%MVC with 1min rest intervals. Acute exercise using ZONA modestly reduces SBP and increases HR shortly following exercise cessation in mixed samples of middle aged to older men and women. The purpose of this research was to compare the acute cardiovascular impact of Zona exercise to an in‐house accessible protocol of 32x5sec @ 100%MVC with 5sec rest intervals (High Intensity Interval Grip: HIIG) in older (age:57.7±5.2yrs), normotensive (109±9.4/73.1±7.8mmHg), post‐menopausal (8.4±5.6yrs) women. Nineteen women completed 5 laboratory visits; familiarization, baseline, and three randomly assigned experimental conditions: Zona, HIIG, and Control. For each experimental visit, resting SBP, DBP, and HR were made every 2min for 10mins, exercise was completed, and then post‐exercise SBP, DBP, and HR were made every 3min for 30mins. There were two calculations of post‐exercise hemodynamics; a 30min average change and a 6min rolling average change. There were no statistically significant changes from rest in the 30mins post‐exercise for all variables. As a description, based on 30min average change values Zona resulted in increased SBP (+1.6mmHg), increased DBP (+1.4mmHg), and reduced HR (‐2.1bpm) while HIIG resulted in slightly reduced SBP (‐0.2mmHg), slightly increased DBP (+0.2mmHg), and reduced HR (‐2.2bpm). The absence of BP reduction with either acute stimulus suggests cardiovascular regulation differs in this cohort of normotensive, post‐menopausal women. Canadian Institutes of Health Research, CGS Doctoral Award.


(57) Abstract: a surgical implant device for inserting a deformable intraocular lens into the eye through a relatively small incision made in the ocular cell, including a lens injecting device. Lens injecting device has a plunger tip, plunger tip between the lens insertion passageway through the surgical implantation device, resulting in the side clearance to prevent damage to the trailing haptic during insertion to accommodate the trailing haptic it is a structure.


THlIs is the concluding article of the series describing the early history and continuing effects of special-charter legislation for particular school districts in the development of the Illinois state school system. The significant purposes served by these charters and the influence of the educational progress of communities benefited by this special legislation in the gradual liberalizing of provisions of the general school law have been explained in preceding articles.' The present discussion indicates the advantages subsequently realized by school districts operating under special laws through amendment of these laws to include certain features newly incorporated in the general school law.


The purpose of this study is to analyze the efforts to develop the HR and innovation ecosystem in the digital economy. The research method used is a qualitative analysis method with a litteature study approach. In general, the condition of human resources and digital economy innovation (startup) in Indonesia is still minimal. The lack of human resources makes national digital business actors "nudge" each other to compete for human resources, until finally "damaging" the wage standards of digital human resources themselves. An easier digital industry will certainly be easier to pay dearly for each competent individual. Meanwhile, small industries, which actually train their human resources more from the start, have to "bite their fingers". The portrait of the availability of human resources in the field is still lacking. Therefore, synergies and cointegration between various stakeholders need to be carried out. As a regulator and facilitator, the government must take the initiative to take strategic steps with other stakeholders to contribute positively to human resource development and innovation in the digital economy in Indonesia. One of them is through the implementation of the curriculum from vocational, vocational, and tertiary institutions and accelerated professional/skill certification to overcome the scarcity of human resources. As well as HR planning to support the digital era of entrepreneurship
Keywords: HRD ecosystem, digital economy innovation, Indonesia


Matt Perry's latest book promises an insight into the history of France at a time of enormous political, social, economic and cultural upheaval through the writings of César Fauxbras. Fauxbras – real name Kléber Gaston Gabriel Alcide Sterckeman (1899–1868) – was a World War One naval veteran, novelist, pacifist, left-wing activist, journalist, prisoner of war and observer of life in occupied Paris. As a participant in and witness of these fascinating yet distressing times, Fauxbras is an intrinsically interesting character, and Perry is to be praised for rescuing him from relative obscurity. Perry does not offer a biography of Fauxbras (in this sense his book differs from Carmen Callil's account of the life of Louis Darquier de Pellepoix, who lived through similar events to Fauxbras but from a very different political perspective). Instead, he aims to use Fauxbras' 'writings and experiences to reconstruct a view of the world: to let him provide the basis for a microhistory of these years' (4–5). Presenting him somewhat contradictorily as a unique yet representative witness, each of Perry's chapters takes one of Fauxbras' literary outputs as its main focus. We thus get a chronological view of Fauxbras' life through his writings, although the narrative ends in 1945, meaning that we get no sense of how he remembered the Second World War. The book has many positive points. The chapters on Fauxbras' life in the French navy during the First World War and his subsequent writings on the Black Sea mutinies of 1917 provide a much-needed counterpoint to the better-known histories of life in the trenches and French army mutinies. Similarly, the chapter based on Fauxbras' survey of his fellow prisoners of war in 1940–1941 uses a new source to shed light on this aspect of French wartime history. There is also a useful and thoughtful overview of theories of memory in the introduction, whilst the appendixes of translated extracts of Fauxbras' writings will undoubtedly prove useful in the classroom. But the book fails to satisfy in other areas. Perry's use of Fauxbras as a witness is problematic. For a start, his portrayal of Fauxbras as a voice of the lowly and a 'plebeian diarist' (147) 'attuned to the popular frame of mind' (158) stretches the definition of lowly and plebeian. His father was a 'shipping insurance agent who was able to maintain his family in relative comfort' (2), and Fauxbras himself passed an accountancy diploma and became a published novelist and journalist. So although Fauxbras often fell on financial hard times, he was hardly an


The study was carried out during 2007-2009. The information on the crops was collected from primary sources with the help of a planned and structured interview schedule in three regions of Andhra Pradesh. There are 65 wild relative grass species belonging to 18 genera of 24 cultivated grasses in Andhra Pradesh. Commercial grasses are represented maximum with 11 grasses and 23 wild relative species, which is followed by small millets with 7 species and 22 wild relatives, millets with 2 crop species and 12 wild relative species, cereals with four cultivated crops species and 8 wild relatives. Out of all Panicum having maximum of 10 wild relatives followed by bamboo (9) and Cymbopogon (9), Pennisetum (7), Oryza (6), Sorghum (5) and Setaria (5), Zea (2) and 4 crops showed minimum with one wild relative each. The wild relatives of Andhra Pradesh, particularly those occurring in the Eastern Ghats zone have narrowed distributional. Systematic efforts must be taken to conserve these wild relatives through in-situ means.


unjustifiable. In this particular instance, however, it was the advanced condition of the disease on one side with such an early stage on the other that made operative treatment the proper course to follow. Removal of the ureter was considered essential when it was found on palpation during the nephrectomy to be considerably thickened. Experience shows that such a ureter, when left behind, generally leads to a persisting loin sinus.


Form II, Form III, and Form IV of sulfathiazole (STZ) crystallized simultaneously from water by a cooling crystallization method. Thus, how to obtain the pure form of STZ represents a major challen...


Solar radiation is the main energy source for mankind and an accurate data of solar radiation levels for a particular location is vital for the optimum operation of solar energy transducers such as photovoltaic cells and solar thermal collectors. This study aimed to calibrate some of the existing models in the literature for estimating daily global solar radiation parameter using available measured records of air temperature extremes and new models were developed based on maximum and minimum air temperatures. Applicability of the Hargreaves model, Allen model, Bristow-Campbell model and Chen et al. model were evaluated for computing the global solar radiation for Hebron city in Palestine. Estimated values were compared with measured values in terms of the coefficient of determination (R 2 ) and root mean square error (RMSE). All models provide good estimates when compared to the accurate values with R 2 0.9226 (Bristow-Campbell model) to 0.9547 (Chen et al. model), while the proposed model provides a value of 0.9632. The RMSE value ranges from 0.7632 for Chen et al. model to 0.9211 for Bristow-Campbell model, however a lower value (0.7118) for the proposed model. This study found that the proposed model estimates global solar radiation at the location of study better than the other models.


An operationally simple colorimetric method for measuring glutathione (GSH) concentration was developed using anti-aggregation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in this work. At a pH of 5.8, cysteine (Cys) could rapidly induce the aggregation of AuNPs, thereby resulting in color change and AuNPs absorbance ratio (A650 nm/A520 nm) change. However, the added glutathione (GSH) can cause the anti-aggregation process to occur. This method was based on the regulation of pH, which on one hand can selectively detect GSH over Cys by the process of anti-aggregation of AuNPs and on the other hand can distinguish GSH from homocysteine (Hcys), and cystine (Cye) through specific selectivity. Under optical conditions, the detection of GSH can be finished within 5 min. The concentration range of the probe is 0.1–1.0 μM and the limit of detection (LOD) can be reached to 20.3 nM.


The prognosis of a patient with bacterial meningitis may depend heavily on the choice of initial treatment. As with other infectious diseases, it is necessary to consider the patient's background, medical history, and disease severity when selecting an appropriate antibacterial drug. In cases of bacterial meningitis, particularly those of nosocomial origins (e.g., cases involving head trauma and neurosurgery patients), the prognosis can worsen rapidly. Empirical therapy, which involves the selection of an antibacterial agent based on experience, is often employed in the early stages of treatment to address the infection as quickly as possible. In such cases, until the causative bacteria are identified, combined therapy with antimicrobial agents against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is recommended.1,2) When combination therapy is prescribed, vancomycin (VCM) is recommended as a first-line drug against MRSA.3) Additionally, VCM often shows antibacterial activity against resistant staphylococci other than MRSA.1,2) Thus, treatment can be started without waiting for the results of a drug sensitivity test; this is an advantage when staphylococci are identified using rapid tests such as Gram staining. For effectiveness in MRSA meningitis patients, a high blood trough concentration of VCM (15–20 μg/mL) must be maintained.4) However, this may cause adverse effects such as damage to renal function. The reported rate of bacterial meningitis caused by S. aureus is only 1–9% in Japanese.2) Therefore, the rates of meningitis caused by MRSA and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MR-CNS) are even lower. Thus, many patients may not benefit from empirical VCM therapy but still be at risk of renal dysfunction. However, considering the importance of early treatment for bacterial meningitis, it is difficult to exclude empirical VCM therapy from the potential treatment options for nosocomial bacterial meningitis. For the initial treatment of patients with suspected bacterial meningitis, it is important to prescribe VCM while fully understanding the associated risk. However, empirical therapy with VCM as the first-line drug is only recommended in cases of bacterial meningitis and catheter-related infections.1,2) Therefore, there is little information regarding the risks associated with empirical VCM therapy. In this study, we retrospectively investigated the effects of empirical VCM therapy in patients with suspected bacterial meningitis to evaluate its efficacy and associated risks. Report


GRANT NUMBER DAMD17-97-1-7305 TITLE: Isolation of Genomic Targets for the Suspected DNABinding Protein BRCAl PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Simon A. Smith, Ph.D. CONTRACTING ORGANIZATION: University of Kentucky Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0057 REPORT DATE: October 1998 TYPE OF REPORT: Annual PREPARED FOR: U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command Fort Detrick, Maryland 21702-5012 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT: Approved for public release; distribution unlimited


The scattering of the H-polarized wave by single- and double-layer grids of circular silver nanowires is considered. The obtained results demonstrate the presence of plasmon and grid resonances in such grids. These resonances are found and computed for the grids of a large number of wires. Extraordinary resonance enhancement is discovered if both kinds of resonances are tuned together. Comparison of the light scattering by single and double-layer grids of wires shows better field enhancement for double-layer grids. These results open a way to the accurate numerical simulation of various finite configurations of sub-wavelength wires met in today's nano and microsize photonic devices.


The disclosed developing device, the toner is accommodated, and the toner supply member is provided a toner storage portion and, located in the toner storage portion upper side and is the toner accommodated is supplied from the toner storage section by the toner supplying member supplies the toner to the developing roller and the developing roller supplying rollers are provided the developing part and, separate parts of the toner storage section and developing, and is positioned below the lowermost bent portion of the feed roller comprises a partition wall with an opening which forms a passage of the toner to be supplied to the developer from a toner storing portion provided.


The abnormal vibration occurs in the start-up process of a 350MW turbo-generator set after an overhaul,and the vibration phenomenon occurs in the generator bearings.The analysis shows that the cause of vibration is oil whip fault of generator bearings.By analyzing the installation data,the main reason of oil whip is the insufficient bearing side gap.The oil whip fault is solved by modifying the side gap and elevation of generator bearings.


Verma ve ark. ve ve ark.modelleri birbirleri ile kar ş la ş t r lm ş t r. Kuruma olay n iyi aç klayan modelde bulunan katsay kurutma havas s cakl ğ ve h ı z ndaki de ğ i ş imin etkileri çoklu regresyon yöntemiyle incelenmi ş tir.Tahminin standart hatas ı (RMSE) khi-kare (  2) de ğ erleri ı en uygun model ı ş ve bunlara ilaveten modelin modelleme yeterlili ğ de (EF) belirlenmi ş tir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, Midilli ve ark. Slices Abstract : In this study, a laboratory dryer is used for apple drying process and moisture content at any drying time were compared by Newton, Page, Modified Page, Henderson and Pabis, Logaritmic, two-term, two-term exponential, Wang and Singh, Thompson, difusion approximation, Modified Henderson and Pabis, Verma et al., Midilli et al. models. The effect of drying air temperature and velocity on the coefficients of the best suited model were determined by multiple regression method. Root mean square error (RMSE) and khi squre (  2) were used for the determination of the best suitable drying model. In addition to these statistical parameter, the modeling efficiency was also investigated. According to the results, Midilli et al. model is superior to the others for explaning drying behaviour of apple. The lowest RMSE ad  2 values obtained at specific a, k,n and b coefficients according to the working conditions. Modeling efficiency (EF) changed between


A prefilming method called the alkaline process was successfully applied to a new Japanese boiling water reactor plant during the nuclear heatup phase during the plant preoperation phase. This method was developed to suppress deposition of radioactive corrosion products such as {sup 60}Co on ex-core components, which are primarily made of stainless steel. When stainless steel is exposed to actual reactor water that contains oxygen at pH of 8.0 to 8.5, at 288{degrees}C, for 410 h, corrosion-resistant oxide films can be formed. The results of the exposure tests indicate that an {approximately} 30% reduction in the deposition of {sup 60}Co and {sup 58}Co was obtained by this process compared to ordinary operation procedures.


The emergence of Hive greatly facilitates the management of massive data stored in various places. Meanwhile, data scientists face challenges during HiveQL programming – they may not use correct and/or efficient HiveQL statements in their programs; developers may also introduce anti-patterns indeliberately into HiveQL programs, leading to poor performance, low maintainability, and/or program crashes.This paper presents an empirical study on HiveQL programming, in which 38 HiveQL anti-patterns are revealed. We then design and implement DeFiHap, the first tool for automatically detecting and fixing HiveQL anti-patterns. DeFiHap detects HiveQL anti-patterns via analyzing the abstract syntax trees of HiveQL statements andHive configurations, and generates fix suggestions by rule-based rewriting and performance tuning techniques. The experimental results show that DeFiHap is effective. In particular, DeFiHap detects 25 anti-patterns and generates fix suggestions for 17 of them. PVLDB Reference Format: Yuetian Mao, Shuai Yuan, Nan Cui, Tianjiao Du, Beijun Shen, Yuting Chen. DeFiHap: Detecting and Fixing HiveQL Anti-Patterns. PVLDB, 14(12): 2671-2674, 2021. doi:10.14778/3476311.3476316 PVLDB Artifact Availability: The source code, data, and/or other artifacts have been made available at https://github.com/ChrisCN97/DeFiHap.


To the Editor. — While waiting at a hotel as a medical specialty meeting was adjourning, I watched as the attendees got in a line of valet-driven Mercedes automobiles. I assume that the Internal Revenue Service encourages physicians to acquire luxurious cars, but what did the laypersons think who saw that parade of fine cars and what impact does it have on those who see it daily in the physicians' parking lot? Once, a physician told me that a good car indicated to your patients that you are a good physician since you are successful. Is that true today? Does a regal car underscore our tradition of helping people? Does it make the public more sensitive to our profession as we speak about government infringement on the physician-patient relationship, the inequities in our reimbursement, the liability crisis, and our declining income? When I was a child, I heard of the


This study aims to improve the clean energy utilization in the system of multi-source joint power dispatching and control. This paper constructs a joint optimization dispatching model of complementary power generation. Taking the minimum power generation cost as the objective function and adding clean energy penalty items to the objective function so as to achieve the goal of improving clean energy utilization. At the same time, based on the basic cuckoo algorithm, an improved cuckoo algorithm with chaotic perturbation is proposed to solve this model. Finally, the dispatching model is validated by multi-source joint dispatching system. Dispatching test results show that the method proposed in this paper provides better overall performance than traditional joint dispatching method.


Abstract : The idea that think tanks set the order of importance of issues seems fairly obvious they are comprised of academics, revolving door administration officials, and other minds devoted to the full-time research and analysis of the issues facing our government and our world They have the luxury of exploring a variety of options related to an issue and the resources to dig deeply and vertically into an issue versus the broader paintbrush strokes that official government agency and departments generally provide In many respects, think tank influence is like that of the U.S. news media Much like the news media, think tanks can highlight what they consider newsworthy and that highlighted information then becomes, by definition, news Amen can voters tend to perceive the big issues of the day as those issues on which the media focus There has been a great deal of research and suggestion that it is the news media that are setting the public agenda in the United States But it is not as simple as that For example, why do the media focus on certain issues and not others? Is it due to the news value, which underlies the decisions the media professionals make?


Cleveland Fed President Loretta J. Mester talked about the U.S. economy, her view of appropriate monetary policy, and the regional outlook on Fox Business' Mornings with Maria on April 1, 2016. Fed's Mester: Gradual path towards raising rates appropriate Fed's Mester on what's driving Cleveland's economy


In recent years one can observe a paradigm shift in forestry and forest management due to worldwide economic, ecologic and social changes. Nowadays, forests have to fulfil several
 functions linked to these three dimensions. A contemporary multiple dimensions oriented forest management is focused on alternative uses such as non-wood-forest products and services. To
 obtain empirical data on the future market potential, a consumer survey about supply, demand and consumption of NWFP&S was conducted on a national level in six cities in different
 cantons of Switzerland. The data analysis showed that there is a high consumer acceptance concerning forest products and particularly forest services among the Swiss urban population. Despite
 diverse difficulties of a constant market supply, like for example the seasonality of the products or the free access to forest products other than timber, the NWFP&S have a great
 potential and esteem among customers. To increase their economic importance for the forest sector enterprises and to access markets in the future, there need to be marketing efforts and sales
 promotion. Innovations and investments are necessary in order to obtain middle- and long-term structural improvements of rural forestry. In this respect one has to consider that the market
 perspectives vary among different European countries due to several factors like, e.g., the different wage levels which influence the profit margins.


In order to improve the efficiency of traditional particle level set method and to provide an effective way to solve complex engineering problems,an efficient particle level set method is presented by combining the integral average and the modified particle initialization technology for the accurate capturing of interfaces.The addition of particles to the level set method removes the difficulties from the numerical diffusion,and alleviates the need for computationally expensive high order accurate schemes.The integral average enables to evolve the level set function and to distribute particles into the regions with large curvature.The numerical results show that the improved numerical method retains good robustness;the accuracy of captured interface gets nearly second order;and the computational efficiency is enhanced by 90%.


Simple Summary During the COVID-19 pandemic, cancer survivors have been identified as a population with an increased risk for adverse outcomes. This represents an additional burden on cancer patients, who already need to cope with a variety of symptoms associated with their cancer diagnosis. In this study, we analyzed results from a COVID-19 cannabis health study and found that individuals with a history of cancer are more likely to report cannabis use to manage mental health and pain symptoms, and are more likely to report fear of a COVID-19 diagnosis, compared to adults without a history of cancer. These results support the importance and need for conversations between clinicians and their patients, particularly cancer survivors, about the use of cannabis. Abstract Clinical indications for medicinal cannabis use include those with cancer, a subgroup advised to avoid exposure to COVID-19. This study aims to identify changes to cannabis use, methods of cannabis delivery, and coping strategies among cancer survivors since the pandemic by cancer status. Chi-squared tests were used for univariate comparisons of demographic characteristics, cannabis use patterns, COVID-19 symptoms, and coping behaviors by cancer survivor status. Data included 158 responses between 21 March 2020 and 23 March 2021, from medicinal cannabis users, categorized as cancer survivors (n = 79) along with age-matched medicinal cannabis users without a history of cancer (n = 79). Compared to adults without a history of cancer, cancer survivors were more likely to report use of cannabis as a way of managing nausea/vomiting (40.5% versus 20.3%, p = 0.006), headaches or migraines (35.4% versus 19.0%, p = 0.020), seizures (8.9% versus 1.3%, p = 0.029), and sleep problems (70.9% versus 54.4%, p = 0.033), or as an appetite stimulant (39.2% versus 17.7%, p = 0.003). Nearly 23% of cancer survivors reported an advanced cannabis supply of more than 3 months compared to 14.3% of adults without a history of cancer (p = 0.002); though the majority of cancer survivors reported less than a one-month supply. No statistically significant differences were observed by cancer survivor status by cannabis dose, delivery, or sharing of electronic vaping devices, joints, or blunts. Cancer survivors were more likely to report a fear of being diagnosed with COVID-19 compared to adults without a history of cancer (58.2% versus 40.5%, p = 0.026). Given the frequency of mental and physical health symptoms reported among cancer survivors, clinicians should consider conversations about cannabis use with their patients, in particular among cancer survivors.


Great authors of plays and novels are often renowned for the ability to create memorable characters that take on a life of their own and become almost as real as living persons to their readers/audience. The study of characterization, that is, of how it is that authors manage to achieve this, has become a well-researched topic in corpus stylistics: for instance (Mahlberg, 2012) attempts to identify typical lexical patterns for memorable characters in the work of Dickens by extracting those lexical bundles that stand out (namely are over-represented) in comparison to a general corpus. In other works, authorship attribution methods are applied to the different characters of a play to identify whether the author has been able to give each of them with a "distinct" voice. For instance (Vogel and Lynch, 2008) compare the dialogues of individual characters in a Shakespeare play against the rest of the play or even against all plays in the Shakespearean corpus.
In Frontini et al (2015), we propose a methodology for the extraction of significant patterns that enables literary critics to verify the degree of characterization of each character with respect to the others and to automatically induce a list of linguistic features that are significant and representative for that character. The proposed methodology relies on sequential data mining for the extraction of linguistic patterns and on correspondence analysis for the comparison of pattern frequencies in each character and the visual representation of such differences.
We chose to apply this analysis to Moliere's plays and the protagonists of those plays. In this work we focus on the figure of the raisonneurs, characters who take part in discussions with comical protagonists providing a counterpart to their follies. Such characters were interpreted at times as spokesmen for Moliere himself, and the voice of reason, at other times as comical characters themselves and no less foolish than their opponents. Hawcroft's essay Reasoning with fools (2007) highlights the differences between five of these characters based on their role in the plot. Using this analysis as guidance, we compare significant linguistic patterns in order to see how these differences are marked by the author. We do this by adapting the discourse traits of each of them to the communicative function they needs to fulfill (Biber and Conrad 2009).


In 1990, M. Barge and J. Martin [BM90] proved that the shift map on the inverse limit space ([0, 1], f), for any map f : [0, 1]→ [0, 1], can be realized as a global attractor in the plane. In 1960, M. Brown [Bro60] proved that the inverse limit space of any near homeomorphism (Definition 1.2) of a compact metric space is homeomorphic to the original space. M. Barge and J. Martin prove that, for all such f , there exists an embedding h : [0, 1]→ D2 such that h◦f ◦h−1 can be extended to a near homeomorphism of the 2-disk, D2. They then use M. Brown's theorem to extend the induced shift homeomorphism on h([0, 1]) to a homeomorphism of D2. With care in the construction of the near homeomorphism of D2, the inverse limit space (h([0, 1]), h◦f ◦h−1) becomes a global attractor. The main goal of this paper is to show that analogous techniques for maps, F : C×[0, 1]→ C×[0, 1], where C is a Cantor set, F (x, y) = (F1(x), F2(x, y)) is a surjective map with positive topological entropy (Definition 1.4), and F1 is a homeomorphism, do not work; no near homeomorphic extension of h ◦ F ◦ h−1 to D2 exists for any embedding h : C × [0, 1] → D2 (Theorem 3.1). In our terminology, such F cannot be "embedded" into any 2-disk homeomorphism (Definition 1.1). In the proof of Theorem 3.1 one first assumes that h is a "tame" embedding (Definition 3.1). But in recent work, R. Walker proves that all embeddings of C × [0, 1] into D2 are tame [Wal]. Our study of maps of C×[0, 1] and their embeddings has links to a central problem in the dynamical systems of positive entropy homeomorphisms of compact surfaces.


Attention Deficit Disorder Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common disorders in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, and very often requires pharmacological intervention in its treatment plan. Among these, lisdexamfetamine is available in Spain since about one year ago, new both as being an amphetamine and as a prodrug.
Objective: To review and summarize the evidence on lisdexamfetamine and its use in ADHD children and adolescents. Method: A comprehensive literature search in PubMed was done with the following terms: lisdexamfetamine, OR lisdexamphetamine, OR lisdexanfetamina.
Results: Lisdexamfetamine is a prodrug with a safety profile similar to other known ADHD pharmacological treatments, and very effective for ADHD treatment in children and adolescents, with a low potential for abuse or misuse, and a stable clinical response extended along the day.
Limitations: Although it is a drug with a known profile of efficacy and security along its nearly 9 years of marketing in the US, it should be necessary to conduct longer-term prospective studies to show more data about its safety and efficacy, efficacy related to other ADHD treatments, and its use in the real patient.


It is a well-known fact that participating in systemically designed exercise training provides critical benefits that prevent premature mortality due to cardiovascular diseases [1]. Resistance training may also enhance heart rate variability (HRV), reflecting cardiac autonomic regulation (CAR) in patients with cardiac autonomic imbalance [2]. However, controversies remain regarding the cardio-protective effects of regular physical activity, in particular resistance training. For instance, a previous study investigating the effects of 12-week isokinetic eccentric strength training in healthy older men indicated a significant increase in the peak torques of the quadriceps and hamstring muscle groups [3]. However, contrary to their hypothesis, the authors were faced with an unexpected result. Eccentric resistance training led to a decrease in HRV, and further, a physiological mechanism that explains eccentric training-induced cardiac autonomic imbalance has not been identified to date [3]. The effects of exercise training may be attributed to physiological responses to a single session of exercise and post-exercise hypotension was found to contribute to the improvement of the hypertension induced by exercise training in a previous study [4]. The eccentric resistance exercise PURPOSE: The current study was performed to examine the effects of acute eccentric resistance exercise (ERE) on heart rate variability (HRV) and to determine whether cardiac autonomic regulation adapts to the repeated bout effect. METHODS: Isokinetic eccentric exercise consisted of five sets of six maximal contractions of the knee extensor with an angular velocity of 90°/second. College-aged men (n=11) underwent two sessions of ERE with a 3-week interval. Muscle damage indicators such as the range of motion (ROM) and muscle echo intensity (EI) were measured. The post-exercise cardiac autonomic response was assessed by spectral analysis of HRV. Low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) bands, the normalized unit (nu) for each band power, and the LF-to-HF (LF/HF) ratio were determined. All variables were recorded at 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours post-exercise as well as before and immediately after ERE. RESULTS: The EI and ROM of the rectus femoris changed significantly after the maximal ERE. There was a significant interaction effect between the time and bout for EI. Significant changes in LF and HF nu were observed at 72 (1st ERE) and 96 hours (2nd ERE) after each ERE. The LF/HF ratio was also significantly increased at 24 (1st ERE) and 72 hours (2nd ERE) after each ERE. However, no interaction effects on changes in the HRV indices were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The present study suggests that acute ERE leads to cardiac autonomic imbalance for a sustained period and that repeated bouts of ERE cannot alleviate cardiac autonomic responses to exercise.


Converting speech to text quickly is the fundamental task for making aural content accessible to deaf and hard of hearing. Despite high cost, this is done by human captionists, as automatic speech recognition (ASR) does not give satisfactory performance in real world settings. Offering ASR output to captionists as a starting point seems more facile and economical, yet the effectiveness of this approach is clearly dependent on the quality of ASR because fixing inaccurate ASR output may take longer than producing the transcriptions without ASR support. In this paper, we empirically study how the time required by captionists to produce transcriptions from partially correct ASR output varies based on the accuracy of the ASR output. Our studies with 160 participants recruited on Amazon's Mechanical Turk indicate that starting with the ASR output is worse unless it is sufficiently accurate (Word Error Rate (WER) is under 30%).


Madagascar is among the countries of the world rich in natural resources; in addition to the mining structure is very exceptional characterized stratification. The economic development of Malagasy people can be done quickly. So, the recent use of precious or precious materials such as rosewood timber comprises the main cause of development in Madagascar. The government of Madagascar has launched a management plan for the use of this precious wood in all eastern regions largest island. The exploitation of rosewood is regularly and officially following the international law and the operation of the Malagasy state license.  The operating rosewood management has been made since the Third Republic of Madagascar. The exploitation of management included specific management for facilities selling or storing. In the operating environment of rosewood, members of the steering committee of the precious wood chairs postponed that good operating rosewood management is conducted from the month of February 2014 especially at national level, in frames or regional heads, prosecutors and district heads were involved friction and internationally, in countries where we have enjoyed the collaboration of local customs department. This department operating management shows that the seizure of the logs of rosewood was analyzed in the following areas East: to Manambolosy, District Mananara at Andranotsara. District to Antalaha. Mananara in Belo, District of Morondava, Makira,to Ambalabe, Eastern Cape Antalaha at Mangakata Fana. District Soanierana Ivongo at Maroiroy, District Tolaganro. All regions of large Island. Key word : operational, management, rosewood.