The main purpose of this research was to study the relationship of spirituality in workplace (spiritual craving, spiritual and mystical experience, spiritual connection, sense of community), internal motivation and work engagement (strength, devotion, attraction), with task performance. The type of study was descriptive and the method was correlation. Statistical population included all employees of a healthcare center in the city of Isfahan, from whom, 200 persons were selected via simple random sampling. The research instruments were Spirituality in Workplace (Kinjerski & Skrypnek, 2006), Internal Motivation (Amabile, Hill, Hennessey & Tighe, 1994), Work Engagement (Utrecht, 2002), and Task Performance (Patterson, 1963) questionnaires. Data were analyzed with the use of Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis showed that there are significant positive relationships between spirituality in workplace, internal motivation and work engagement with task performance (P≤0.01). Moreover, results of regression analysis showed that the spiritual and mystical experience and the spiritual connection from the components of spirituality at work, the strength from the dimensions of work engagement, and the internal motivation, were able to predict significantly (P≤0.01) task performance. Therefore, based on the results it may be concluded that task performance in organizations could be increased by increasing spirituality in workplace, internal motivation and work engagement.


At the 2006 PMI COS conference a paper entitled "Scheduling 101: A "Behind – the – Scenes" Look at Basic Schedule Calculation was presented by Scott W Cramer, James L Jenkins, and Joseph J Orczyk1. In the paper they present a "Comparison between AON and PDM" (page 8), in which they make a case for using Precedence Diagram Method for overlapping tasks using three basic construction tasks. They then demonstrate the process of overlapping the three PDM tasks and how the critical path computations are calculated.


We have previously been involved in a multicenter clinical study to predict the primary site of cancer of unknown primary site (CUP) for a site-specific therapy. Based on the microarray analysis of gene expression pattern, we not only predicted the primary site for each CUP patient but also extracted 44 up-regulated genes common to each CUP showing over 2.5-fold change compared to normal tissue (lymph node). To identify genes related to CUP development among these candidate genes, we performed cell-based siRNA screening and estimated to what extend A549 cells reduce the ability of migration, and found 4 genes, GRN, MIF, PRKDC, PSMB4. Konckdown of each of these genes suppressed metastasis of implanted cells from a footpad to a popliteal lymph node. Inhibitors for PRKDC (NU 7441) and PSMB4 (bortezomib) also suppressed the metastasis of parental A549 cells in vivo, suggesting the involvement of these genes in metastasis. As there is no standard treatment for CUP, drugs targeting immune checkpoints, such as PD-1 or IDO, may reveal promising antitumor activity for CUP. Recent studies suggest that expression levels of PD-L1 (a PD-19s ligand) or IDO may be a biomarker of patient response to anti-PD-1 or anti-IDO therapy, respectively. We analyzed the expression of PD-L1 and IDO for the CUP tissues and found several patients with high expression of either or both proteins who may be most likely respond to these novel immunotherapies. Citation Format: Yoshihiko Fujita, Kazuko Sakai, Marco De Velasco, Takayasu Kurata, Hidetoshi Hayashi, Kazuhiko Nakagawa, Kazuto Nishio. Novel target molecules for treatment of cancer of unknown primary [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5169.


A 2×2 60 GHz MIMO solution combined with polarisation diversity is proposed for high throughput WLAN applications. In addition to a PHY throughput of more than 12 Gbps, this scheme is robust against polarisation mismatch and antenna tilting due to the adoption of circular polarisation. It also offers the possibility to detect LOS/NLOS conditions for antenna adaptation. A fast beamforming ability that exploits the MIMO architecture is presented. Results show that the proposed beam switching procedure outperforms existing prior art schemes in terms of its ability to track a time varying channel.


The invention relates to an electronic book reader, and discloses a method for transmitting the data of a shared electronic book among readers, which comprises that: the data of the electronic book is divided into a plurality of independent segments in advance; a master reader transmits pages to be displayed by slave readers to the slave readers in a foreground way, and then transmits remaining data in the electronic book to the slave readers for caching in a background way; and when the slave readers turn to certain pages which are not locally cached, the master reader suspends the background transmission, preferably transmits the data containing the certain pages, transmits and displays the certain pages and then continues the background transmission. Therefore, the slave readers can display the pages required by users as soon as possible, which reduces the waiting time of the users and improves the reading experiences of the users.


The descriptive survey is intended to measure the General Motor Ability (GMA) of soccer school students. Involving 227 junior high school students, the study employed GMA test consisting of test in standing broad jump, zigzag run, and medicine ball put. Test results were analyzed using Barrow's T-score, resulting in the findings that overall 17% of the students were categorized as good players, 71% as average, and 12% as poor.


Two types of remorse are encountered in psychotherapy. Narcissistically-based remorse derives from feelings of shame because of the belief that one has not fulfilled his potential, as judged by the self and others. Such remorse is attributable to a conviction of developmental failure, including failure to achieve a sense of identity based on autonomy. This type of remorse is associated with an external locus of control. Superego-based remorse, by contrast, produces feelings of guilt originating in the belief that one has failed to fulfill his obligatrons to others, and is consistent with an internal locus of control. Therapeutic strategy in the first instance requires strengthening the patient's ego so that he can develop an independent frame of reference for evaluating his actions and motives. In dealing with remorse that is the result of a punitive superego, the therapist's goal should be to help the patient understand the relationship between his feelings of guilt and his intropunitive character, based...


We report the discovery with the RXTE PCA of twin kHz QPOs in the peculiar X-ray binary Circinus X-1. Eleven cases of simultaneous double QPOs occurred, with significances of up to 6.3 and 5.5 σ and centroid frequencies ranging between approximately 56 and 225 and 230 and 500 Hz for the two QPO peaks, respectively, i.e., for the most part at frequencies well below those of other sources. The QPO properties clearly indicate that these double peaks are the kHz QPOs known from low magnetic field neutron stars, and not black hole high-frequency QPOs, confirming that Cir X-1 is a neutron star, as suspected since the detection of type I X-ray bursts from the field of the source 20 years ago. The kHz QPO peak separation varies over a wide range, ~175-340 Hz, and increases as a function of kHz QPO frequency. This is contrary to what has been observed in other sources but in good agreement with predictions of the relativistic precession model and Alfvén wave models; beat-frequency models require modification to accommodate this. In other observations, single kHz QPOs can be seen down to frequencies as low as ~12 Hz, as well as a strong low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillation (LF QPO) between 1 and 30 Hz. The relations between the kHz QPOs and the LF QPO are in good agreement with those found previously in Z sources, confirming that Cir X-1 may be a peculiar Z source. We suggest that the low-frequency range over which the kHz QPOs occur in Cir X-1 and to a lesser extent in (other) Z sources, might be due to a stronger radial accretion flow relative to the disk flow than in other kHz QPO sources, possibly related to the nature of the companion star.


Dynamic FEA models for snubbing buckling and riserless subsea wireline intervention can help design tubing requirements for many different well conditions.


herbicide with a novel mode of action has been commercialised for over 30 years (Duke, 2012) and most, but certainly not all, farmers now accept that there is no simple 'chemical solution' for controlling resistant black-grass. With declining performance of post-emergence herbicides, farmers have had no option other than to use more pre-emergence herbicides, which tend to be less resistanceprone, combined with much greater reliance on non-chemical control methods. However, while the adoption of integrated weed management (IWM) strategies is laudable, it has largely been out of necessity, rather than as a measured way of reducing pesticide use, which is European Union policy. The author has been involved in research on black-grass for over 40 years, and this article highlights his beliefs that effective management solutions can only be achieved through a good understanding of the agro-ecology of the weed. In addition, farmers need to adopt a longer-term view and accept that 'quick' fixes are unlikely to be effective.


OBJECTIVES
To compare survival data in patients with resected bilateral synchronous pulmonary carcinomas with survival data from patients with lung cancer in pStages I through IV and to evaluate the usefulness of comprehensive histologic evaluation (CHE) of tumor histologic patterns to distinguish between synchronous primaries and intrapulmonary metastases.

METHODS
Ten-year overall survival (OS) data from 18 patients with 44 resected synchronous bilateral lung cancers, classified as "synchronous primaries" or "metastases" using CHE, were compared with survival data of 2,879 patients with lung cancer in pStages I through IV.

RESULTS
Forty and four tumors from 16 and two patients, respectively, were classified as synchronous primaries and metastases. There were no significant differences in survival between these 18 patients and pStage I controls or between the synchronous primaries and the metastases patient groups. However, there were significant differences in survival between the patients with resected synchronous bilateral tumors and each of the pStage II through IV control groups (P < .05).

CONCLUSIONS
Patients with resected synchronous bilateral lung cancers had similar 10-year OS to patients with stage I disease, regardless of CHE data. Most resected tumors were synchronous primaries by CHE.


This work presents the design, synthesis, UV-Vis absorption properties and Cu2+ ion binding of the organo-silicon complexes (3a–h) with different coordination abilities that are derived from mercaptopropylsilatrane (MPS) and respective heteroaromatic carboxylic acids (1a–h). The prepared thioester based organosilatranes (ThE-OS) have been meticulously characterized by a series of characterization techniques such as elemental analyses, FT-IR, NMR (1H, 13C), LC-MS, and structure of 3e was unambiguously determined by X-ray single crystal analyses. All the compounds have shown judicious absorption enhancement in the intensity as well as λmax values on binding with Cu2+ ions compared to other surveyed metal ions. In addition, it is for the first time that the hybrid silica nanoparticles (H-SiNPs) bearing a thioester linkage in the silica framework are reported. The synthesis was achieved conveniently by an in situ co-condensation reaction of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) with the corresponding ThE-OS. The derivatization of silica is confirmed by FT-IR, 13C and 29Si solid state CP-MAS NMR, UV-Vis, TEM, XRD, TGA and EDX techniques. Furthermore, the H-SiNPs have exhibited greater affinity towards Cu2+ ions than the parent ThE-OS.


Shell effects in nuclei close to the neutron-drip lines have been investigated. It has been demonstrated in the relativistic mean-field theory that nuclei very far from stability manifest the shell effects strongly. This behavior is in accord with the predictions of nuclear masses in the finite-range droplet model including shell corrections. The shell effects predicted in the existing Skyrme mean-field theory in comparison are significantly weaker than those of the other approaches.


Conductive tethers have been proposed as a new method for converting orbital mechanical energy into electrical power for use on-board a satellite (generator mode) or conversely (motor mode) as a method of providing electric propulsion using electrical energy from the satellite. The operating characteristics of such systems are functionally dependent on orbit altitude and inclination. Effects of these relationships are examined to determine acceptable regions of application. To identify system design considerations, a specific set of system performance goals and requirements are selected. The case selected is for a 25 kW auxiliary power system for use on Space Station. Appropriate system design considerations are developed, and the resulting system is described.


We analyze the simulation of Dirac neutrino oscillations using quantum walks, both in a vacuum and in matter. We show that this simulation, in the continuum limit, reproduces a set of coupled Dirac equations that describe neutrino flavor oscillations, and we make use of this to establish a connection with neutrino phenomenology, thus allowing one to fix the parameters of the simulation for a given neutrino experiment. We also analyze how matter effects for neutrino propagation can be simulated in the quantum walk. In this way, important features, such as the MSW effect, can be incorporated. Thus, the simulation of neutrino oscillations with the help of quantum walks might be useful to illustrate these effects in extreme conditions, such as the solar interior or supernovae.


Fengshui theory is one of the mysterious and interesting phenomena in five thousand years of Chinese culture.There are many discussions about plants selection and layout,containing the ecological ideas of harmony between man and nature.Selection and configuration of plants is necessary to conform to the ecological characteristics of plants,which can improve air temperature,humidity and air flow,to satisfy the people's desire of nourishing body and mind and happy disposition.Based on Fengshui theory and plants ecology,this paper analyses Fengshui attributes of plants such as a balance of Yinyang,relationship of Wuxing,and Fengshui plants in courtyards and villages,discusses the ecological significance of plants in the theory of Fengshui.its purpose lies in rational use of plants to optimize the environment,creating the best conditions and achieving perfect harmony between man and nature.


Kojic acid (KA) one of the natural compounds existing in fermented foods produced by some species of fungi. Recently, there is more interest in KA as a natural compound and its benefits in different fields. This study aimed to determine the optimal conditions for KA production from the mold A. oryzae by the use of surface liquid cultures fermentation techniques. It appeared that the elongation of the incubation period more than 8 days decreased the amounts of the produced KA, and the production was also decreased if the pH were higher or lower than pH 6. The use of polysaccharides as a carbon source didn't give high production of KA in contrast with the use of glucose and also the use of peptone as a nitrogen source didn't give a high production of KA in contrast with the use of yeast extract. Adding of sodium citrate or sodium acetate to the production media inhibited KA production. The use of part time shaking at 150 round / mint speed for four hours a day gave high production of KA in contrast to the full time shaking mode at the same speed. From this study we conclude that the optimal conditions for highly KA production were, 8 days of fermentation period, pH 6 at 30 ˚C and at 100 g/L glucose as a carbon source, 5 g/L yeast extract as a nitrogen source, 1 g/L disodium phosphate or potassium dihydrogen phosphate and with occasional shaking for four hours a day at 150 round/min, the production of KA was 57.65±0.49 g/L at this conditions.


This paper mainly studies the applications of one type of function in the approximate computing combined with the actual situation in the engineering design calculation.The applications of the function can determine the error of integration(real error is smaller than calculating result),so it is helpful to enhance the accuracy in the engineering design.At the same time,two mathematical models for computer programming are established in this paper,and some examples are given to illustrate these calculating models.


Effects of different levels of salinity (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 ppt) on survival, feed intake and growth of freshwater clariid, Clarias batrachus were studied in a thirty days laboratory experiment. Although the fingerlings tolerated the salt level in water between 0 and 4 ppt, severe mortality was observed beyond 6 ppt after 7-23 days of rearing. No significant (P<0.05) differences with regard to feed intake and body weight gain were observed when reared in 0 and 2 ppt salinity. However, feed intake and specific growth rate were decreased with the increase of salinity. Salinity level above 4 ppt was found to be detrimental to fish and in turn they lost their body weight. However, it is inferred that Clarias batrachus fingerlings can be reared in 2 ppt saline water without any adverse effect on growth, survivability and biomass production


Growing advances in human brain research have led to a new educational vision of integration with neurosciences, neuroeducation, using methodologies to increase motivation, attention, memory and learning. In this way, it was considered to evaluate the influence of neuroeducation on the academic performance of the subject of Analytical Chemistry of the School of Bioanalysis of the University of Zulia. The research was almost experimental, consisting of 243 students distributed in one control group and two experimental ones. The neurodidactic strategies applied were based on different long-term memory circuits. The data was processed with the SPSS ® Program, through Student's t-test and ANOVA for related samples. Results showed increased approval, specifically in experimental groups, 90,6% for U-2015 and 89,5% for I-2016, against 45,7% of control. They also presented differences (p


To assess the health of buildings, maximum inter-story drift angle is recognized as an important indicator. If we have to estimate maximum inter-story drift angle very precisely, we need to install accelerometers on all floors. However, it is not realistic due to the cost. In many methods to estimate the response using small number of accelerometers, the excitation (input) is assumed to be available. However, in some cases, some sensors including the input sensor may not be available. Thus, in this paper, we propose a method for the estimating inter-story drift angle using small number of accelerometers without knowing input information. The proposed method is based on two assumptions. One is that the response is represented by the superposition of the response of only lower modes. The other is that mode vectors and participation factors are available from the structural design model. Based on the assumption, first, we estimate modal frequencies and damping ratios using the subspace method from obtained acceleration data. Second, we decompose observed acceleration data to each mode by solving simultaneous equations using pseudo-inverse matrix. Third, we calculate mode response by focusing on the vibration equation of each mode. It was verified that this method could successfully estimate the modal response as well as the inter-story drift angles.


Professor Sealy first came to Cambridge from New Zealand to undertake his Ph.D shortly after WWII, and after a brief return home in 1958, he came to stay in 1959. Since then, and initially encouraged by the late (then) Mr Bill Wedderburn, Professor Sealy has assiduously established the laws of commerce as an integral intellectual and practical component of the Faculty's repertoire. His contribution was recognized in 1991 when he became the inaugural S J Berwin Professor of Corporate Law. The interview covers his boyhood in wartime New Zealand, the tribulations of the physically disjointed Faculty of the 70s and 80s, as well as aspects of his teaching and research projects. It also includes interesting insights into the Faculty's move into the present Norman Foster building.Between February and April 2013 Professor Sealy was interviewed three times by Lesley Dingle, to record his reminiscences of his career and his long association with the Faculty of Law at the University of Cambridge. This biography is written with reference to the interviews and further research about Professor Sealy.The Eminent Scholars Archive (ESA) is an expanding archive documenting the careers and achievements of eminent scholars associated with the Squire Law Library and Faculty of Law at the University of Cambridge. The archive contains extensive bibliographies, biographies, photographs and recorded interviews with some of the world's most renowned academic and practicing lawyers. The ESA can be found online at the Squire Law Library website.


stant ia l contr ibut ion to anthropological knowledge of the region. This analysis is used to generate a general model of feuding, which is then tested against data on systems of retaliatory killing in other parts of the world, and the book is thus a fine example of ethnology. Most importantly, Boehm substantially advances our understanding of the phenomenon of feuding. His book deserves to become a standard reference on that topic. Boehm starts with modern Montenegro, where he did research in the mid-1960s on the ethical values held by the members of an isolated tribe. Although the blood feud had been officially suppressed for more than a century at the time of this fieldwork, the concept was still alive, and sometimes acted upon. Boehm discusses the modern Montenegrin view of blood revenge and then uses this cultural knowledge to interpret historical accounts of feuding. He also briefly describes traditional Montenegrin society, as it existed in the first halfofthe 19th century, as the setting for these historical cases of feuding. The conceptual analysis makes clear that blood revenge was (and is) morally legitimate in certain circumstances; indeed i t may often have been, by Montenegrin standards, mandatory when a family's honor was insulted. Obviously, this moral imperative of revenge could lead to feuding, as a series of revenge killings. But such reciprocal killing was not unconstrained. There were rules regulating the process of taking blood revenge: women should not be killed; a house should not be beseiged for more than three days. Further, there were standards for evaluating injuries and deaths and thus keeping score. And most important, a mechanism did exist for pacification of feuds. T h e detailed analyses of case studies of feuds delineate the stages through which a feud could either develop further or be pacified, and show how a decision either way could be rational, to a Montenegrin, in particular circumstances. Boehm stresses that feuding was the outcome of strategic decisions. Even though Montenegrins did view blood revenge as proper behavior, it would not simply develop as the fulfillment of the code of honor. The blood feud was actually a closely managed, albeit violent, process: score was kept, and pacification would almost certainly occur when the honor of both sides could be made to appear satisfied. Imbalances would be rectified by groveling (literally) by the side that was ahead. Both scorekeeping and the possibility of pacification are crucial to Boehm's analysis. The definition of feuding that he proposes on the basis of both his Montenegrin data and accounts of other societies is "a pattern of homicidal conflict that simultaneously involves the ideas of scorekeeping and alternating retaliation and that is theoretically interminable but generally is pacifiable through the payment of compensation for blood" (p. 222). The idiom of feud is honor, which cannot be compromised but can be satisfied. Scorekeeping provides a way to determine whether honor can be called satisfied. Feud has often been seen as unconstrained violence tha t disrupts societal unity. I n Boehm's view, however, the blood feud actually serves to control the possible consequences of the demands of honor. In a warrior society such as that of traditional Montenegro, interpersonal conflict may all too easily arise and threaten to spread throughout the society. By subjecting to rules the conflicts that do arise and keeping them between lower level social units such as families or clans, they can be kept from disrupting the entire society. The blood feud, with its formalization of the supposed intemperance of avenging wounded honor, can be seen as a quite rational, if violent, solution to the potential problem of the ramification of honor-based conflicts throughout the society. This analysis of feuding as a way of controlling conflicts provides an answer to a major puzzle regarding feuding. In a cross-cultural study of the incidence of feuding, Keith and Charlotte Otterbein (AA 67: 1470-1482, 1965) found that at low levels ofpolitical integration, warfare and feuding are positively correlated. As they assumed that feuding is disruptive of societal unity, they had hypothesized that societies that engaged in frequent warfare would control conflicts and thus not exhibit feuding. Boehm's hypothesis, that the regulations surrounding feuding serve to limit its spread and duration, may explain the correlation. The book does have its faults. It was written originally as an ethnography for use in introductory anthropology classes, and the style, meant to be "engaging" (p. xiii), can occasionally be cloying. A chapter on "an ethological approach to feuding" is rather speculative and is not closely related to the rest of the argument. But in the main, Boehm meets his objectives. His book is nontechnical enough for use in introductory courses but meaty enough for specialists.


There are now on the market many computer graphic systems to choose from. A description is given of how one of these systems was chosen for use in a department of medical illustration, its advantages and disadvantages and early attempts at coming to terms with this new art form.


TPS2680 Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death. Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting PD-1 have limited activity in HCC as monotherapy, with response rates ranging from 14-17%. Tumor neoantigens derived from tumor-specific mutations can be incorporated into personalized therapeutic cancer vaccines to prime T cell responses, potentially enhancing responses to anti-PD1 therapy. DNA vaccines have been shown to elicit strong CD8 and CD4 T cell responses in preclinical and clinical trials. In preclinical studies, DNA-encoded neoantigen vaccines have shown induction of CD8 T cells against 50% of predicted high affinity epitopes with the ability to impact tumor growth. GNOS-PV02 is a personalized DNA vaccine, encoding up to 40 patient-specific neoantigens. In the GT-30 trial, it is used in combination with INO-9012 (plasmid-encoded IL-12) and pembrolizumab for the treatment of advanced HCC. Methods: The GT-30 trial (NCT04251117) is a single-arm phase I/II clinical trial to assess the safety, immunogenicity, and preliminary efficacy of GNOS-PV02 in combination with INO-9012 and pembrolizumab in patients with advanced HCC. Twenty-four patients are anticipated to be enrolled. Patients are recruited upon diagnosis or during first-line treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). Tumors are biopsied for exome and transcriptome sequencing. The tumor specific vaccine is designed, optimized and manufactured during first-line therapy. Each vaccine encodes up to 40 neoantigens, which includes all detected neoantigens for the majority of HCC patients. After progression or intolerance with first-line therapy, patients can commence trial therapy with concurrent personalized vaccine and pembrolizumab. GNOS-PV02 + INO-9012 are administered Q3w for the first 4 doses and Q9w thereafter until disease progression. Pembrolizumab is delivered Q3w until disease progression. Immunogenicity of each of the vaccine epitopes will be determined by ex vivo ELISpot and flow cytometry. Clinical activity is assessed by RECIST1.1 at baseline and every 9 weeks. Serial biopsies will be obtained at 9 weeks and upon disease progression to evaluate changes in the exome, transcriptome and changes to the tumor microenvironment. Clinical trial information: NCT04251117.


ABSTRACT Aiming to address the production potential and evaluation method of coal-bed methane (CBM) for low-rank coal, taking Coal Seam 4 of Dafosi mine field in Binchang mining area as the research object, the adsorption and desorption experiments, drainage numerical simulation and analysis of the gas production characteristics were carried out. The gas content, coal seam thickness and permeability, and other geological parameter combinations of CBM recoverability were determined. The numerical simulation results reveal that CBM has considerable production potential due to its large thickness and high permeability. Therefore, the geological control mechanism of CBM recoverability is strong desorption capacity, large coal-seam thickness and high reservoir permeability. Combined with the practical analysis, the gas content is the first factor to determine the recoverability. Moreover, the classification evaluation index is established, and the four-level classification index requirements for the optimisation are determined. Furthermore, the concept of CBM enrichment and the high-yield area is defined, and various geological indexes and conditions are specified.


The feasibility of a new processing method solution precursor high-velocity oxygen fuel spray (SP-HVOFS) is presented for the production of dense ZrO2-based nanostructured coatings, in which organometallic chemical precursor droplets are injected into the HVOF spray system. With the help of developed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver (Fluent), the evolution of particle volume, area, and number concentration is simulated considering nucleation, coagulation, and sintering. The aerosol model is validated with the experimental data available in the literature. When the oxygen-fuel gas flow rate (GFR) is increased, the (i) velocity and (ii) enthalpy of the HVOF flame is increased. The former reduces the particle residence time in the HVOF flame while the latter favors the sintering. Overall the results show that, by controlling the GFR, single scale nanometre particles (∼1–5 nm) can be fabricated without any agglomeration.


We define a dimensional phase transition as one in which the dimensionality of space-time changes. Two possible scenarios for such a phase transition are presented. One of the scenarios may be thought of as a generalization of the random lattice techniques while the other may be interpreted as a dynamical realization of the spontaneous compactification in a Kaluza-Kleintheory Most of the concrete results presented are about the second scenario. Specifically, we investigate the dimensional phase transitions through collison of space-time boundaries. The classical dynamics of space-time boundaries is established. The dynamics is uniquely defined when gravity is present. It is shown that for a certain choice of boundary conditions on metric fluctuations and the matter fields the coupling of space-time boundary proceeds in a universal manner analogous to the case of gravity, i.e. the back reaction of the matter and gravity is represented by the matter stress-energy tensor only. The boundary condition for the gravity is derived and discussed in connection with the conservation of enerav. Quantum properties of thle matter-gravity-boundary system are discussed. It is shown that the measured Casimir effect of attraction between two conductors can be calculated using the framework of boundary dynamics, i.e. in terms of local quantities as opposed to conventional calculations based on global quantities like total renormalized energy. Thesis Supervisor: Dr. A.H. Guth Title: Associate Professor of Physics To the memory of Professor Felix Berezin


Equations are presented by means of which one may compute the shear stresses induced by internal twisting moments and transverse shear forces in circular rings whose cross sections are solid rectangles, thin-walled rectangles, or thin-walled channels. Although these equations are derived from straight-bar theory, it is shown that they introduce little error when applied to rings having cross sections whose radial dimensions are small compared to the ring mean diameters. Expressions are also derived for the locations of the centers of twist for rings having the afore mentioned cross sections. An analysis of normal stresses induced by internal bending moments is also presented. It is shown that straightbeam theory leads to considerable error, so that a more exact theory, which is described, should be applied for normal stress calculations. (auth)


1. fishing line comprising a composite yarn having a long fiber in a shell portion and a short fiber in the core part. ! 2. The fishing line according to claim 1, wherein single yarns of the short fiber in the core part are made overlapping, mutually braided or twisted mutually. ! 3. The fishing line according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fiber length of the short fibers in the core portion is from 5 to 500 mm. ! 4. The fishing line according to claim 1, wherein the proportion by weight of short fiber in the core part is 1.0 or more. ! 5. The fishing line according to claim 1, wherein the short fiber in the core part is used for adjusting the specific gravity of a fishing line. ! 6. The fishing line according to claim 1, wherein the short fiber in the core part comprises at least one kind selected from the group consisting of synthetic fibers, artificial fibers, metal fibers, ceramic fibers and glass fibers. ! 7. The fishing line according to claim 1, wherein the short fiber in the core part comprises a polyester fiber, glass fiber or fluoropolymer fiber. ! 8. The fishing line according to claim 1, wherein the long fiber in the shell portion comprises ultravysokoprochnoe fiber. ! 9. The fishing line according to claim 1, wherein ultravysokoprochnoe fiber contained in the long fiber in the shell portion is 12% or more by weight of the whole composite filament. ! 10. The fishing line according to claim 8, wherein ultravysokoprochnoe fiber is a fiber of polyethylene with ultra high molecular weight having a molecular weight of 300,000 or more. ! 11. The fishing line according to claim 1, wherein the shell portions


Over the past three years, Massive Open Online Courses, or MOOCs, have spanned the globe, educating millions with the potential to reach millions more. Taught by leading academics from top institutions, the courses are as complete as those offered in traditional settings; yet, in being web-based and tuition free, they disregard long-standing geographic and economic barriers. These qualities have led many to see MOOCs as a significant step towards universal education and the fulfillment of the United Nation's goal of education as a human right. MOOCs, however, are not without precedent. As others have noted, the twentieth century witnessed several—generally unsuccessful—attempts at using film, radio, and television for large-scale learning. What has been mostly forgotten is that combining technology and methodology to increase efficiency and reach a "massive" number of students predates all of these examples. This study argues that the attempt to use technology for the purpose of mass education dates at least to the early nineteenth century with the educational system of Joseph Lancaster (1778–1838). Furthermore, the Lancasterian system was far more successful than most pre-MOOC applications of educational technology, having a profound and global impact. As such, the Lancasterian system deserves to be reevaluated in the context of recent developments and, as a predecessor to MOOCs, its successes and failures should serve as distant guideposts to further MOOC development.


Therapeutic failures due to in vivo loss of drug sensitivity are still a major problem in AIDS care. Currently, the role of and methods for detecting resistant mutant strains in patients before therapeutic choices are still under debate. To investigate the relevance of screening for key mutations alone the commercial INNO‐LiPA HIV‐1 RT method was applied retrospectively to analyzing several HIV codons correlated with resistance to RTI (reverse‐transcriptase inhibitors) in sera from 62 patients before starting HAART protocols, selected on the basis of clinical parameters. INNO‐LiPA detected several resistant mutant strains, which were strictly consistent with previous selective pressure in the patients. A significant correlation between genotype pattern and response to HAART was found. The presence of key mutations associated with resistance to one or two RTI included in the protocol correlated with a decrease in treatment benefits, whereas patients with wild‐type or non‐resistant viral strains exhibited better response to HAART. Even if this information had been available when treatment was started, 45 of the patients would not have received different treatment. When compared with the total number of patients, the subgroup receiving a treatment that was considered retrospectively as consistent with the key mutation pattern exhibited a significantly better outcome. Although the interpretation of resistance‐related key mutations needs improvement, this surrogate LiPA method seems to maintain a predictive role in the management of HIV infection, and is less expensive. J. Med. Virol. 64:199–206, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The president of the Islamic Research and Educational Academy says when it comes to individual perceptions of Muslim communities, there is such a thing as 'fear of the unseen'.


Aerosol particles can affect cloud microphysical properties by serving as ice nuclei (IN). Large uncertainties exist in the ice nucleation parameterizations (INPs) used in current climate models. In this Part II paper, to examine the sensitivity of the model predictions to different heterogeneous INPs, WRF-CAM5 simulation using the INP of Niemand et al. (N12) [1] is conducted over East Asia for two full years, 2006 and 2011, and compared with simulation using the INP of Meyers et al. (M92) [2], which is the original INP used in CAM5. M92 calculates the nucleated ice particle concentration as a function of ice supersaturation, while N12 represents the nucleated ice particle concentration as a function of temperature and the number concentrations and surface areas of dust particles. Compared to M92, the WRF-CAM5 simulation with N12 produces significantly higher nucleated ice crystal number concentrations (ICNCs) in the northern domain where dust sources are located, leading to significantly higher cloud ice number and mass concentrations and ice water path, but the opposite is true in the southern domain where temperatures and moistures play a more important role in ice formation. Overall, the simulation with N12 gives lower downward shortwave radiation but higher downward longwave radiation, cloud liquid water path, cloud droplet number concentrations, and cloud optical depth. The increase in cloud optical depth and the decrease in downward solar flux result in a stronger shortwave and longwave cloud forcing, and decreases temperature at 2-m and precipitation. Changes in temperature and radiation lower surface concentrations of OH, O3, SO42−, and PM2.5, but increase surface concentrations of CO, NO2, and SO2 over most of the domain. By acting as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and IN, dust particles have different impacts on cloud water and ice number concentrations, radiation, and temperature at 2-m and precipitation depending on whether the dominant role of dust is CCN or IN. These results indicate the importance of the heterogeneous ice nucleation treatments and dust emissions in accurately simulating regional climate and air quality.


The interaction between concepts of 'race', ethnicity and national belonging in the making and remaking of the welfare state in Britain.


The Internet of Things (IoT) is gradually incorporating multiple environmental, people, or industrial monitoring deployments with diverse communication and application requirements. The main routing protocols used in the IoT, such as the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL), are focusing on the many-to-one communication of resource-constraint devices over wireless multi-hop topologies, i.e., due to their legacy of the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). The Software-Defined Networking (SDN) paradigm appeared as a promising approach to implement alternative routing control strategies, enriching the set of IoT applications that can be delivered, by enabling global protocol strategies and programmability of the network environment. However, SDN can be associated with significant network control overhead. In this paper, we propose VERO-SDN, an open-source SDN solution for the IoT, bringing the following novelties in contrast to the related works: (i) programmable routing control with reduced control overhead through inherent protocol support of a long-range control channel; and (ii) a modular SDN controller and an OpenFlow-like protocol improving the quality of communication in a wide range of IoT scenarios through supporting two alternative topology discovery and two flow establishment mechanisms. We carried out simulations with various topologies, network sizes and high-volume transmissions with alternative communication patterns. Our results verified the robust performance and reduced control overhead of VERO-SDN for alternative IoT deployments, e.g., achieved up to 47% reduction in network's overall end-to-end delay time compared to RPL and a packet delivery ratio of over 99.5%.


Australia"s superannuation industry is an essential part of the three pillar retirement incomes policy with Pillars 2 and 3 comprising mandatory and voluntary contributions. The contributors to superannuation schemes have significant control over their retirement assets with most having the choice of selecting a fund and their preferred investment option(s). However, many Australians remain disengaged from their superannuation plans and seem unaware of how their funds are performing. This study examined the best ways to present financial information to help young Australians make optimal decisions regarding their superannuation. Surveys were used to present financial information on superannuation using four different models, experimenting with the display of fee, risk and return information. The overall results of the study highlight a number of interesting findings. First, where fee information was displayed affected fund selection as well as the reason for choosing the fund. Second, risk labels such as "medium risk" or "high risk" seemed to be more commonly relied upon than risk expressed as years of negative returns (risk probabilities). Third, employers appeared to be highly influential in fund selection. Finally, age seemed not to influence the fund or investment option selection. These findings have implications for regulators, fund managers, employers and superannuation fund members.


We prepared a polycrystalline Ge0.7Mn0.3 thin film which exhibited large magnetization at room temperature with the ferromagnetic Curie temperature higher than 400 K. In particular, the magnetic circular dichroism spectra of the Ge0.7Mn0.3 thin film showed the possible application to high-temperature diluted magnetic semiconductors. We also confirmed that the hole-type Ge0.7Mn0.3 thin film has magneto-transport properties induced by external magnetic fields in the temperature range 10–300 K.


The decrease in Arctic ice due to global warming has a great impact on the environment. Therefore, investigating the current state of Arctic ice has become an important issue. The goal of this study is to investigate the ice condition by AUV. In order to obtain the global position information of AUV under sea ice, a communication needs to be established between the sea and land across the ice. For that purpose, it is necessary to install a radio tower within the communication range with the AUV on ice. It is practically difficult to install a large number of radio towers. If the radio tower can move autonomously, it will be able to communicate with the AUV. Hence, the purpose of this study was to construct an Arctic Explorer as an autonomously movable radio tower. Here, we would show the concept and operation of the developed Arctic explorer.


Cellular energy and biomass demands of cancer drive a complex dynamic between uptake of extracellular fatty acids (FA) and de novo synthesis. Given that oxidation of de novo synthesised FAs for energy would result in net-energy loss, there is an implication that FAs from these two sources must have distinct metabolic fates - however hitherto FAs were considered part of a common pool. To probe FA metabolic partitioning, cancer cells were supplemented with stable-isotope labelled FAs. Structural analysis of the resulting glycerophospholipids revealed that labelled FAs from uptake were largely incorporated to canonical (sn-)positions on the glycerol backbone. Surprisingly, labelled FA uptake disrupted canonical isomer patterns of the unlabelled lipidome and induced repartitioning of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated-FAs into glycerophospholipid classes. These structural changes evidence differences in the metabolic fate of FAs derived from uptake or de novo sources and demonstrate unique signalling and remodelling behaviours usually hidden to conventional lipidomics. Highlights Lipid isomers reveal discrete metabolic compartmentalisation in cancer FAs derived from uptake and de novo synthesis have different metabolic fates Stearate uptake signals for PUFA (n-3 and n-6) repartitioning between lipid classes sn-positional isomers are a marker for aberrant lipid metabolism


Objective
To investigate the clinical efficacy of laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.

Methods
The retrospective cohort study was adopted. The clinical data of 210 patients with gastric cancer who underwent laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy at the Peking University Cancer Hospital between May 2009 and December 2012 were collected. Fifty-two, 43 and 115 patients were respectively detected in stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ of postoperative pathological stage. Laparoscopy-assisted radical distal, proximal and total gastrectomies were selectively performed according to the location and extent of tumors. (1) Overall treatment indicators were observed, including surgical procedure, with or without conversion to open surgery, operation time, volumes of intraoperative blood loss and transfusion, number of lymph node dissected, time to anal exsufflation, duration of hospital stay, occurrence of complications, radical degree of tumors of pathological examination. (2) Other indicators were observed, including pathological features of patients in stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ [gender, age, body mass index (BMI), scores of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA), medicinal complication, location of tumors, degree of tumor differentiation and with or without vascular tumor thrombi], intraoperative and postoperative situations (surgical procedure, conversion to open surgery, operation time, volumes of intraoperative blood loss and transfusion, number of lymph node dissected, time to anal exsufflation, duration of hospital stay and radical degree of tumors), postoperative complications, reoperation, death within postoperative day 30 and during follow-up, 3- and 5- year survival rates. (3) Evaluation criteria: stages and classification of tumors were evaluated according to the tumor node metastasis (TNM) classification of malignant tumours (Seventh Edition) published by American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and Union for International Cancer Control (UICC). Severity of complications was evaluated according to Clavien-Dindo classification. Patients were followed up by outpatient examination, telephone interview and correspondence once every half a year up to December 31, 2015, abdominal / pelvic CT, chest X-ray and blood test were performed once every half a year within 2 years and once every year within 2-5 years postoperatively, and gastroscopy was performed once every year. Overall survival time was counted from operation date to end of follow-up or time of death. Measurement data with normal distribution were presented as ±s and comparison between groups was analyzed using the ANOVA. Measurement data with skewed distribution were presented as M (range) and comparison between groups was analyzed using nonparametric test. Comparisons of count data were analyzed using the chi-square test. Survival curve was drawn by the Kaplan-Meier method, and survival analysis was done using the Log-rank test.

Results
(1) Overall treatment: all the 210 patients underwent successful radical gastrectomy, including 100 undergoing distal gastrectomy, 35 undergoing proximal gastrectomy and 75 undergoing total gastrectomy. There were 198 patients undergoing radical gastrectomy and 12 patients converted to open surgery. Operation time, volume of intraoperative blood loss, number of patients with blood transfusion and number of lymph node dissected were (258±54)minutes, (103±86)mL, 19 and 29±12, respectively. Postoperative recovery: time to anal exsufflation and duration of hospital stay were (3.8±0.9)days and (17±7)days. Forty-five patients had postoperative complications and 2 were dead within 30 days postoperatively. R0 and R1 resections were respectively applied to 209 and 1 patients. (2) Comparisons among the patients with the different pathological stage: numbers of patients in stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 9, 17 and 36 with tumor located in the upper stomach, 3, 9 and 22 with tumor located in the middle stomach, 40, 16 and 47 with tumor located in the lower stomach, 0, 1 and 10 with tumor located in the cross-region stomach, 30, 23 and 23 in G1 and G2 of tumor differentiation, 21, 19 and 92 in G3 and G4 of tumor differentiation, 7, 13 and 69 with vascular tumor thrombi, respectively, with significant differences in above indicators among the patients in stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ (χ2=25.990, 32.928, 35.027, P 0.05). (5) Of 210 patients, 203 were followed up for a median time of 43 months (range, 1-80 months) with a follow-up rate of 96.67%(203/210). Sixty-eight patients were dead till the end of follow-up, including 60 died of recurrence of tumor, 2 died of surgical complications and 6 died of other causes. Postoperative 3-, 5- year overall survival rates were 96.1%, 87.8%, 62.4% and 92.9%, 77.5%, 52.7% in patients with stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ, respectively, with a significant difference (χ2=29.071, P<0.05).

Conclusion
Laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer is at least equivalent to early gastric cancer in the safety, with the satisfactory long-term outcomes.

Key words:
Gastric neoplasms; Gastrectomy; Laparoscopy; Safety; Long-term outcomes


The African Renaissance, now a familiar theme in South Africa, has a longer history than general discourse seems to suggest. In the past, it has been approached from different perspectives: the political, ideological, and cultural. The African Renaissance was originally the ideology of Pan-Africanism. It was an ideological weapon used to wage the struggle against colonization and cultural alienation. It also helped to consolidate African independence after it was achieved. However, it subsequently waned as the fervour of independence lost impetus, perhaps mainly due to the weakness and decadence of African leadership. Today, it seems to be reinvented in order to combat recurrent social, economic and political problems, which afflict the African continent.


We apply a novel computational approach to assess, for the first time, volcanic ash dispersal during the Campanian Ignimbrite (Italy) super‐eruption providing insights into eruption dynamics and the impact of this gigantic event. The method uses a 3D time‐dependent computational ash dispersion model, a set of wind fields, and more than 100 thickness measurements of the CI tephra deposit. Results reveal that the CI eruption dispersed 250–300 km3 of ash over ∼3.7 million km2. The injection of such a large quantity of ash (and volatiles) into the atmosphere would have caused a volcanic winter during the Heinrich Event 4, the coldest and driest climatic episode of the Last Glacial period. Fluorine‐bearing leachate from the volcanic ash and acid rain would have further affected food sources and severely impacted Late Middle‐Early Upper Paleolithic groups in Southern and Eastern Europe.


The term "Industry 4.0" symbolizes new forms of technology and artificial intelligence within production technologies. Smart robots are going to be the game changers within the factories of the future and will work with humans in indispensable teams within many processes. With this fourth industrial revolution, classical production lines are going through comprehensive modernization, e.g. in terms of in-the-box manufacturing, where humans and machines work side by side in so-called "hybrid teams". Questions about how to prepare for newly needed engineering competencies for the age of Industry 4.0, how to assess them and how to teach and train e.g. human-robot-teams have to be tackled in future engineering education. The paper presents theoretical aspects and empirical results of a series of studies, carried out to investigate the competencies of virtual collaboration and joint problem solving in virtual worlds.


The paper analyzes the ease of excessive formaldehyde in the repaired abiding place which induces peripheral blood anemia of householder,and evaluates damage of formaldehydeh and indoor air pollution to healthiness of the body.


Aluminum/graphite composites are receiving much attention due to the unique features and diverse possibilities in different fields. Generally, the aluminum melt into the inner pores of the graphite matrix requires an ambient prompting with high temperature and gas pressure. The infiltration dynamics of aluminum melt, which highly depends on the ambient temperature, would have a significant effect on the final composite's performance. In this work, we have studied the temperature effect of aluminum melt during the infiltration process into the porous graphite matrix based on numerical simulation and experimental verification. Results show that the moderate temperature increase would effectively promote the infiltration of aluminum melt, achieving a higher filling rate with a shorter filling time. However, the promotion effects of the temperature increase would come to a certain limit due to the opposing effects of capillary porous and residual gas. The detailed influences of the temperature on the infiltration would be presented, and the final composite performance, including mechanical strength and thermal management capability, would be examined and discussed.


We study a pair of commuting difference operators arising from the elliptic C2(1)-face model. The operators, whose coefficients are expressed in terms of the Jacobi's elliptic theta function, act on the space of meromorphic functions on the weight space of the C2-type simple Lie algebra. We show that the space of functions spanned by the level one characters of the affine Lie algebra sp∧(4,C) is invariant under the action of the difference operators.


Cluster analysis is one of the most common techniques in data mining. Distributed computing plays an important role in the Data Mining process. Data Mining often requires huge amounts of resources in storage space and computation time. Clustering is a task of grouping a set of objects in such a way that objects are in the same group. Data mining is a function that assigns items in a collection to target categories or classes. The goal of classification is to accurately predict the target class for the data in each case. In such systems, each node holds some data value that is local sensor, to concise picture of the global system state needs to be obtained. The sensor network needs to be done without collecting all the data at any location i.e. distributed data. This paper compares the performance of the distributed clustering and to introduce the advance communication in data mining. The number of distributed information sources accessible to a seeker has grown rapidly. Many researchers have proposed clustering algorithms which work efficiently in the distributed mining. In this research paper we have to discuss the comparative analysis of some of these distributed clustering on various parameters. Keywords-Data Mining, Peer-to-peer, Sensor network, Multi dimensional data.


Article history: Received 16 May 2017 Received in revised form 5 July 2017 Accepted 2 August 2017 Available online 10 August 2017 Face recognition has attracted significant attention due to its wide range of applications. Recently, researchers have focused on robust face recognition such as face recognition systems invariant to pose, expression and illumination variations. Illumination variation is still a challenging problem in the face recognition research area, especially for appearance-based approaches. This paper will discuss two main categories of the existing illumination methods namely frequency domain approach (DCT & DWT) and filtering approach. This includes the introduction of the representative algorithms, theories, and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of these algorithms correspondingly. The aim of this paper is to explore the technique and limitations of the existing illumination normalization strategies. Based on the reviews that have been conducted, it is found that the filtering technique is more effective when compared to the frequency domain technique. Hence, the implications of the review can help researchers to propose a novel idea in order to solve the existing problems and automatically improve the recognition performance.


This paper represents the authors' contribution to Part B of the second world wide failure exercise, in which the failure predictions and stress–strain curves of 12 test cases are compared with experimental data. The paper briefly reviews the methodology presented in second world wide failure exercise Part A, which includes a semi-analytical stress analysis model and Christensen's failure criteria. A further development in this paper is to introduce a new failure criterion developed also by Christensen and the application of the criterion in conjunction with the stress model. These failure criteria have no adjustable parameters and only depend upon a minimal number of measurable failure properties. Comparisons between the theoretical predictions using different criteria and the experimental results provided by the second World-Wide Failure Exercise organizers are shown in diagrams. It appears that Christensen's failure criteria for anisotropic fiber composite materials predict the failure strength satisfactorily in most of the test cases. Christensen's Polynomial invariants theory compares also well with the experimental results. However, the layup-dependent strength properties required in the criterion are sometimes very difficult to evaluate without performing experimental tests.


Polychaete worms are generally found along coastal and marine environments, transferring organic matter to high trophic levels and playing a fundamental role in the benthic communities as predator/prey. Such worms may also present a wide variety of feeding traits, allowing their placement in several niches. Continental shelf regions generally have siliciclastic substrates with variable proportion of fine sediments (silt/clay), such as those found in the southernmost Brazilian coast due to the presence of the Patos Lagoon (32°S/52°W). This study aimed to evidence the occurrence of polychaete assemblages along the inner shelf adjacent to this lagoon (20m isobath), associating their abundance/richness to different substrate compositions. Biological and sedimentary samples were seasonally taken throughout 2007-2012 within two areas 2km apart (#A and #B) using a van Veen grab (0.08m 2 ). There were identified 35,578 polychaetes (total abundance) distributed over 29 families (62 taxa), being dominant: Paraonidae (28.1%), Onuphidae (13.6%), Lumbrineridae (13.2%), Nereididae (7.5%), Ampharetidae (7.1%) and Spionidae (6.8%). Multivariate analysis (nMDS; ANOSIM) evidenced spatial (p<0.01; R=0.377) rather than seasonal (#A: p=0.20; #B: p=0.83) dissimilarities. Although the structure of polychaete assemblages were similar (56spp. in #A; 53spp. in #B), their abundances were twice as high (10,737 in #A; 24,841 in #B). Differences in substrate composition (#A: sand, 4.8% of organic matter; #B: sand-silt-clay, 7.8% O.M.) may have influenced the guilds registered along both areas, being recorded a prevalence of deposit/suspension feeders and carnivorous species in different proportions: 51.6% and 28.1% (#A); 39.5% and 37.9% (#B). Based on these results it became clear the direct influence of the substrate/habitat on the structure of these polychaete assemblages. Furthermore, temporal variations due to global scale phenomena ( e.g. , El-Nino Southern Oscillation) or anthropogenic pressure ( e.g. , dumping of dredged material) can significantly alter the composition of the substrates and thus the spatial macrobenthic distribution over this marine region.


Landslide is a natural event that at this time the occurrence is increasing. Landslide natural disasters can occur due to land use patterns that do not follow the rules of environmental sustainability, such as deforestation and the collection of natural resources that exceed their carrying capacity. This research was obtained that the threat, vulnerability of landslides on the national road section of Pacitan - Ponorogo obtained from the results of risky analysis is a very high risk. The result of the risk of very high level of Landslide is found at km 13+900 - 14 +000, km 12+500 - 12+600, km 27+201 - 28+051, km 27+200 - km 27+300, km 33+300 - 33+500, km 12+500 - 13+500. The level of Landslide risk on the Pacitan – Ponorogo National road is very varied, some are medium risk, medium risk, high risk to very high risk. Landslide handling techniques on the National road section of Pacitan - Ponorogo to be more effective and efficient because the conditions and value of Landslide risk are different, it will be better to handle in accordance with the level of Landslide risk in each location.


As a result of the growing prevalence of induced labors and elective cesarean deliveries, late preterm and early term deliveries (which are associated


The Larsemann Hills were first sighted by Norwegians in 1935, but it was not until the late 1980s that detailed geological investigations commenced. The Larsemann Hills contains sedimentary and volcanic rocks that were laid down between 900 and 550 million years ago., In 2003-04, we found the mineral bands, 'prismatine' - a much rarer mineral containing boron and silicon - and another rare borosilicate, 'grandidierite', to be associated with nodules of the common calcium phosphate mineral, 'apatite'. Both the boronrich rocks and the apatite contained a variety of minerals, four of which are new to science. The Larsemann Hills region which is unique in mineral diversity and other scientific, environmental, aesthetic and logistical values, has led to its designation as an Antarctic Specially Managed Area (ASMA).


This paper reviews the development of public policies for green building in Portland,The City of Portland incorporate green building principles and practices into the design,construction,and operations of ail City facilities,City-funded projects,and infrastructure projects to the fullest extent possible.Furthermore,the City provides leadership and guidance to encourage the application of green building practices in private sector development.In addition,the City attempts to develop green building industry cluster.After analyses the policies for green building in Portland,this paper explores the experiences as references that benefit to popularization and application of green building technologies in China.


Excerpt INTRODUCTION Abrupt cessation of heart beat, as distinguished from gradual failure, involves mechanisms of which we know little.1, 2Sudden death occurring in this manner often finds no adeq...


The article focuses on identifying and structuring the linguistic frames which are activated in relation to the representation of Kyivan Rus' in the U.S.English media discourse. The research aimed to examine the connections between the first historically recorded East Slavonic state and present-day Ukraine. The linguistic analysis is based on the rhetorical version of framing analysis, seeking to explore the ways how the rhetorical means used by the media contribute to shaping the audience's perceptions in specific historical and political areas.


A dults aged 65 years or older represent 14% (43.1 million people) of the U.S. population, and by 2040, older adults will represent 21% of the population (Administration on Aging, 2013). Older adults account for the majority of cancer diagnoses (American Cancer Society, 2015) because about 63% of all cancers are diagnosed in people aged 65 years or older (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, 2015). However, few studies specifically focus on the symptom experience of older adults undergoing chemotherapy treatment for cancer or the symptom experience within the context of aging, which is critical because the cancer experience will likely be influenced by comorbidities, functional limitations, and other declines associated with aging. Complications from cancer treatment are more common in older adults compared to younger adults (Balducci & Stanta, 2000). Aging and associated limitations in organ systems prolong plasma levels of chemotherapy (e.g., renal, gastrointestinal, and liver dysfunction) (Jakobsen & Herrstedt, 2009; Sawhney, Sehl, & Naeim, 2005; Sehl, Sawhney, & Naeim, 2005). An increased risk of treatment-related toxicity and poor outcomes exists for older adults, including development of comorbidity, polypharmacy, functional and physical limitations, and poorer emotional status (Balducci, Colloca, Cesari, & Gambassi, 2010; Jakobsen & Herrstedt, 2009). The majority of older adults already report at least one comorbid condition (e.g., arthritis, heart disease, diabetes) (Administration on Aging, 2013). Older adults with a history of cancer report more comorbid conditions compared to people without cancer (seven versus five, respectively) (Bender et al., 2008). Other studies have shown that older adults receiving cancer treatment report functional loss (Given, Given, Azzouz, & Stommel, 2001; Goodwin, 2007; Kurtz, Kurtz, Given, & Given, 2006), and adults with more treatment-related symptoms report poorer functioning and quality of life than adults with fewer symptoms (Cheng & Yeung, 2013; Miaskowski et al., 2006). In some older populations, a higher number of treatmentrelated symptoms have been associated with functional decline and subsequent increased use of hospital and emergency department services (Kurtz et al., 2006). For these reasons, understanding the symptom experience of older adults during treatment for cancer is important Purpose/Objectives: To explore the symptom experience of older adults receiving cancer chemotherapy in an outpatient treatment setting. Design: Exploratory, descriptive, cross-sectional study. Setting: A community cancer center in the southeastern United States. Sample: 100 adults aged 65 years or older undergoing treatment for cancer. Methods: Data were collected from participants at a chemotherapy treatment visit using structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were used to examine data. T tests and analysis of variance were used to compare symptoms among groups, and Pearson correlations were used to examine relationships among variables. Main Research Variables: Cancer treatment–related symptoms, comorbid illnesses, mental health function, and physical function. Findings: Older adults experience a high number of cancer treatment–related symptoms with moderate severity. The most common symptoms included fatigue, bowel disturbances, lack of appetite, hair loss, and drowsiness. Numbness and tingling were the most severe symptoms experienced. The presence of comorbid illness and poor mental functioning affects the number of symptoms experienced. Conclusions: Opportunities exist for clinicians to take steps to assess and manage symptoms common to older adults before serious complications and negative outcomes occur. Future research is needed. Implications for Nursing: Nurses should consider comorbidities and poor mental functioning in older adults when assessing treatment-related symptoms. Being proactive and assessing and managing symptoms early during treatment may improve outcomes for older patients.


Retraction: The following article from British Journal of Pharmacology, 'Ion channel blocking profile of compounds with reported torsadogenic effects: What can be learned?' by A. Ouillé, P. Champéroux, E. Martel, F. Ferro, D. Bouard, S. Richard, S. Richard and J.‐Y. Le Guennec (http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1476‐5381.2011.01304.x), posted online on 8 March 2011 on Wiley Online Library (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor in Chief, Professor J.C. (Ian) McGrath and Blackwell Publishing Ltd. The retraction has been agreed due to duplication of research data from the following article in Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods, 'A step towards characterisation of electrophysiological profile of torsadogenic drugs' by Pascal Champeroux, Aude Ouillé, Eric Martel, John Sinclair Lawrence Fowler, Anne Maurin, Serge Richard and Jean‐Yves Le Guennec (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vascn.2011.01.001), published online on 9 January 2011 on Science Direct.


Biochemical and genetic changes precede histologically identifiable changes accompanying cell transformation often by months or years. De‐expression of the extracellular matrix adhesive glycoprotein tenascin and the cell‐to‐cell adherent protein E‐cadherin have been suggested as markers of early neoplastic change in prostate epithelial cells. Previous studies have been inconclusive, probably due to epitope masking. This study examined 2378 biopsy cores from 289 prostates using a heat antigen retrieval protocol at low pH to improve the accuracy of detection. Tenascin and E‐cadherin de‐expression was correlated with purinergic receptor and telomerase‐associated protein labelling, as well as prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels and Gleason scores. E‐cadherin was a poor marker, as it was expressed in all lesions except carcinomas of the highest Gleason score. Tenascin was maximally expressed in the extracellular matrix and acinar basement membrane in normal and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia tissue. In prostate cancer tissue, tenascin expression did not correlate with Gleason score but was significantly de‐expressed as purinergic receptor and telomerase‐associated protein expression increased. Marked changes in tenascin, telomerase‐associated protein, and purinergic receptor expression were apparent before any histological abnormalities were visible by haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain, making these potential markers for early and developing prostate cancer. Moreover, the potential increased accuracy of diagnosis of underlying prostate cancer using purinergic receptor translocation (PRT) assessment suggests that PSA levels may be more accurate than has generally been supposed when apparent false negatives arising from H&E‐based diagnoses are correctly categorized. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


We propose SeCReT to ameliorate this problem. SeCReT is a framework that builds a secure channel between the REE and TEE by enabling REE processes to use session keys in the REE that is regarded as unsafe region. SeCReT provides the session key to a requestor process only when the requestor's code and control flow integrity are verified. To prevent the key from being exposed to an attacker who already compromised the REE kernel, SeCReT flushes the key from the memory every time the processor switches into kernel mode. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of SeCReT to show how it protects the key in the REE. Our prototype is implemented on Arndale board, which offers a Cortex-A15 dual-core processor with TrustZone as its security extension. We performed a security analysis by using a kernel rootkit and also ran LMBench microbenchmark to evaluate the performance overhead imposed by SeCReT.


The latest results in the search for rare and exotic Higgs boson decays in proton-proton collision events collected with the CMS detector at the LHC are presented. The searches are performed for several decay modes of Higgs boson including H → X(X → 2l)γ (X = Z, γ∗ and l = e, μ), H → μμ/ee, invisible decays, lepton flavour violating decays and Higgs decay to light scalars or pseudo-scalars. No hint for new physics has been found from the analyzed results with the full LHC run-1 data collected during 2011 and 2012 at √ s = 7-8 TeV and with the run-2 data at √ s = 13 TeV collected during 2015 and 2016. Limits are set for all the searches which have been performed by CMS. Presented at ICNFP2017 6th International Conference on new Frontiers in Physics 2017 EPJ Web of Conferences will be set by the publisher DOI: will be set by the publisher c © Owned by the authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2017 Search for rare and exotic Higgs Boson decay modes Junquan Tao1,a on behalf of the CMS collaboration 1Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China Abstract. The latest results in the search for rare and exotic Higgs boson decays in proton-proton collision events collected with the CMS detector at the LHC are presented. The searches are performed for several decay modes of Higgs boson including H → X(X→ 2`)γ (X = Z, γ∗ and ` = e, μ), H → μμ/ee, invisible decays, lepton flavour violating decays and Higgs decay to light scalars or pseudo-scalars. No hint for new physics has been found from the analyzed results with the full LHC run-1 data collected during 2011 and 2012 at √ s = 7−8 TeV and with the run-2 data at √s = 13 TeV collected during 2015 and 2016. Limits are set for all the searches which have been performed by CMS. The latest results in the search for rare and exotic Higgs boson decays in proton-proton collision events collected with the CMS detector at the LHC are presented. The searches are performed for several decay modes of Higgs boson including H → X(X→ 2`)γ (X = Z, γ∗ and ` = e, μ), H → μμ/ee, invisible decays, lepton flavour violating decays and Higgs decay to light scalars or pseudo-scalars. No hint for new physics has been found from the analyzed results with the full LHC run-1 data collected during 2011 and 2012 at √ s = 7−8 TeV and with the run-2 data at √s = 13 TeV collected during 2015 and 2016. Limits are set for all the searches which have been performed by CMS.


Objective To investigate the effect of early exposure of airway to bacterial allergen on the balance of T-helper-1 cells/T-helper-2 cells(Th1/Th2) and the asthmatic airway inflammation of adult rats and to understand the pathogenic mechanism of asthma.Methods New born rats were randomly divided into bacterial allergen exposure group,asthma group and control group.The rats of bacterial allergen exposure group were given 10 μL inactivated Streptococcus pneumoniae via nose drip at 1,3,5 and 7 days after the birth.The asthma group and control group were given 10 μL phosphate buffer solution(PBS) instead.When all rats were kept to adulthood the asthmatic model was made.The pathologic changes of lung tissue,differentiation of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum interleukin-4(IL-4),interferon-γ(IFN-γ) and ovalbumin-specific IgE were observed.Results The airway inflammation in all allergen exposure groups were severe.The ratio of lymphocyte of 107 and 106 allergen exposure groups were 32.94±13.62% and 29.50±8.92%,and were increased significantly compared with those of asthma group(P0.05).The serum ovalbumin-specific IgE of 107 allergen exposure group(0.33±0.07)was increased significantly(P0.01).While the interferon gamma(IFN-γ)(11.93±2.74 pg/mL) was significantly decreased(P0.05).Conclusion Early exposure of the airway to bacterial allergen could aggravate the imbalance of Th1/Th2 and asthmatic airway inflammation in adult rats.


Regeneration potential of the branching coral Acropora palmata (Lamarck, 1816) was assessed at distances of 3, 12, and 66 cm from the branch tip. Artificial lesions (colony surface wounds) were made on 3 randomly selected branches of 21 colonies and regeneration was followed over 30 d. Regeneration was measured as tissue regrowth (mm2 d' ) durlng the first 6 d of regeneration and as the slope of an exponential regression of lesion surface area through time. Both measurements showed that regenerative potential could be fitted to an exponential function, decreasing from tip to base. Regeneration capability decreases rapidly in the first 25 cm from the distal end and only slowly beyond. This decrease in regeneration capability appears to be related to polyp age and constitutes the first report of potent~al senescence in corals. There are direct consequences for population dynamlcs in this branching Acropora species. Invasion of lesions by excavating sponges will occur more In proximal portions of the colony because the slow regeneration potential in this area results in long-term skeletal exposure. This may promote the fragmentation of branches with a length sufficient to ensure a high survivorship


In this paper we present some techniques for construction of two dimensional mapping arrays, Appropriate for signal processing, called systolic arrays. These type of array algorithms are implemented on VLSI arrays. Taking into the consideration that matrix operations and applications are crucial for signal processing, we make an overview of the systolic processing for the case of matrix-matrix multiplication, QR decomposition and Singular value decomposition (SVD) of the matrix. Systolic arrays are very appropriate for parallel manipulations with matrices. Application domain of these arrays cover different areas especially the signal and image processing. Generally, all signal processing algorithms can be classified in two groups: Algorithms which perform the matrix operations and other special algorithms for signal processing. Most of the algorithms fall into the algorithms of matrix computations and other matrix transformations. Therefore, we consider that the techniques of construction of such arrays are very important in developing the new ideas and transformations which will enable to optimize and make them more efficient.


This research is focused on the home industry of woven bamboo crafts in the village of Heuleut Leuwimunding Majalengka in 2019. The aspect studied is the objective conditions of the existence of woven bamboo crafts in the midst of the industrial revolution 4.0. This study aims to describe the existence of the bamboo handicraft home industry in the village of Heuleut Leuwimunding, Majalengka in 2019 in the midst of the industrial revolution 4.0. This research is a qualitative research. This type of research was chosen because qualitative research is able to provide descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from the behavior of the people being observed. So that in researching "The Existence of Home Industry Bamboo Matting, Heuleut Leuwimunding Majalengka Village in the Industrial Revolution Era 4.0" qualitative research is needed in order to obtain descriptive data. Based on the research findings and analysis of the research findings, the existence of the bamboo woven handicraft home industry in the village of Heuleut Leuwidinding Majalengka in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 can be concluded that the production factor is still traditional in both the aspects of raw material procurement and product design. From the aspect of acceptability, the village of Heuleut Leuwidinding Majalengka is relatively easy to reach so that it does not complicate direct marketing. In selling products, the craftsmen do not market directly but there are collectors who will market the products. In the new marketing using traditional marketing, not yet using online sales. The government regulations have not been used by craftsmen both in the aspects of capital and guidance. In general, the existence of the bamboo woven handicraft home industry in the village of Heuleut Leuwidinding Majalengka in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 will be eroded by other parties who will adopt the bamboo woven home industry using machines and with more sophisticated designs (computing). Furthermore, the bamboo woven handicraft home industry in the village of Heuleut Leuwidinding Majalengka in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 will reduce the craftsmen's economy because it is limited to producing products traditionally without any product development, results, and marketing.


Online buzz describes the quality of products in a positive or negative way, but we do not know if and how such customers' quality perceptions, often referred to as "e-sentiment," influence the products' market value. This paper investigates the relationship between esentiment and the market price fluctuation in a high-technology category, MP3 players. Econometric time-series modeling reveals that e-sentiment is a leading indicator of brands' daily price fluctuation. Furthermore, the effect is moderated by customers' expectation level: negative online buzz has a stronger adverse impact for well-known brands and high-ticket items, and positive online buzz has a greater beneficial effect on lesser-known brands and low-priced items. These findings establish the predictive relevance of e-sentiment information and suggest that e-retailers should monitor e-sentiment surrounding high-tech products since today's customers' quality perceptions is a signal of change in their profitability in the near future, i.e., within next 1-2 days.


An 18‐month field survey of the Pseudo‐nitzschia population present in Louisiana coastal waters was conducted comparing species abundance estimates by novel fluorescent molecular probes (16S large subunit rDNA oligonucleotide sequences) with traditional electron and differential‐interference light microscopy. While the probe and microscopic analyses agreed on the presence or absence of four common Pseudo‐nitzschia species (P. multiseries (Hasle) Hasle, P. pseudodelicatissima (Hasle) Hasle, P. delicatissima (P.T. Cleve) Heiden, and P. pungens (Grunow) Hasle in 66% of the samples analyzed, the probes gave conflicting results with the microscopic methods in the remaining 34% of the samples. The majority of the discrepancies appear to be because of genetic variation within the Pseudo‐nitzschia population, especially in P. pseudodelicatissima, indicating that the Monterey Bay Pseudo‐nitzschia spp. may not be appropriate reference strains for distinguishing Louisiana Pseudo‐nitzschia spp. Additionally, P. pseudodelicatissima has been associated with domoic acid (DA) activity in three field samples, at levels up to 22 times higher than the highest value given inother published reports of DA production by this species. The contemporaneous existence of multiple strains of P. pseudodelicatissima (toxic and non‐toxic) presents new challenges to the study of the ecophysiology and population dynamics of this bloom‐forming species.


The motor vehicle emission simulator (MOVES) modeling software of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency enables researchers and practitioners to model vehicle emissions at the project level. With this tool, agencies can identify and evaluate the effectiveness of local traffic control strategies to reduce emissions at project hot spots, such as congested intersections. This study analyzes vehicle emissions at congested and uncongested signalized intersections under three traffic intersection scenarios, ranging from Level of Service (LOS) B to LOS E. Emissions are much less sensitive to congestion than control delay. A shift in operation from LOS E to LOS B reduced per vehicle nitrogen oxide emissions by 15% and particulate matter emissions by 17%, while control delay decreased by 40%. The largest sources of emissions were cruising and acceleration; they accounted for more than 80% of total emissions under all scenarios. Idling accounted for less than 18% of all intersection emissions. This analysis calculates emissions with a time-in-mode methodology that combines emission factors for each activity mode (i.e., acceleration, deceleration, cruise, idle) with a calculation of the total vehicle time spent in that mode. This approach demonstrates the contribution of each activity mode to intersection emissions and suggests opportunities for control strategies with the potential to affect intersection emissions. The streamlined methodology may be a helpful tool for agencies that are interested in analyzing project-level emissions and control strategies, but lack staff resources or expertise for microsimulation-based scenario analysis.


Abstract The Lloyd Sealy Library of John Jay College of Criminal Justice started as a small collection of books in the corner of the New York City Police Academy. A little over four decades later, it now contains one of the best collections of criminal justice materials in the world. Despite fiscal setbacks and tough times for the University and the College, the Library staff has managed to build a comprehensive collection, placing great emphasis on the access of those materials by the entire criminal justice community. This article traces the story of the Library from its roots to the present time.


AIM
Ideal artificial disk materials are required to obtain very close properties of viscoelasticity, biomechanics, and bioavailability as a normal human intervertebral disc. We used a new blend of silicone rubber and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a nucleus pulposus substitute. This research sought to identify a novel material with biomechanical properties identical to the nucleus pulposus in the lumbar vertebrae of goats for use in intervertebral disc herniation surgery.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
In this laboratory-based experimental study, the silicone rubber material test group consisted of sample compositions 35PVA65SR, 30PVA70SR, and 40PVA60SR. Axial compression mechanical tests were conducted to assess the biomechanical properties of the resulting material in terms of stress, strain, load, and displacement.

RESULTS
The mechanical compression test results revealed that the stress (MPa) and strain (%) values of the 40PVA60SR material were closest to the control group (p = 1.00) with a load of 684 N in each group. The value of material displacement (mm) for 40PVA60SR was also the closest to control (p = 1.00) with a loading of 684 N.

CONCLUSION
The new material presents biomechanical properties closest to human nucleus pulposus and is promising in nucleus pulposus replacement therapy. Further clinical research is needed to evaluate other biomechanical properties and the bioavailability of the novel material.


Dharmarini Public Health Center has a high number of COVID-19 cases and there are COVID-19 epidemiological surveillance activities that are not in accordance with those stated in the guidelines, specifically in health monitoring and in terms of Community-Based Surveillance that vulnerable populations have not been recorded and reported. Based on a preliminary study, Dharmarini Public Health Center only has a surveillance officer and experienced obstacle in cross-sectoral coordination. This study aims to analyze the management aspects of COVID-19 epidemiological surveillance at Dharmarini Public Health Center include planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling. This is a qualitative research with analytical descriptive approach. Primary data collection was done by in-depth interviews and research subjects were selected by purposive sampling. The result shows that management aspects in COVID-19 epidemiological surveillance activities at Dharmarini Public Health Center have been carried out from planning, organizing, actuating, to controlling, but there are still shortcomings including in actuating that not all officers involved have received training, there is obstacle in cross-sectoral coordination, the implementation of health monitoring can still be improved, there are refusals in tracing, Community Based Surveillance has not been fully implemented, supervision has only been held once, and in controlling aspect that the evaluation carried out is still not comprehensive. Dharmarini Public Health Center is suggested to optimize the actuating and controlling aspects in COVID-19 epidemiological surveillance.


SHILIUQU is one of the eighteen songs of NAOGE in Han dynasty.Because the lyrics and the music mixed,the font changed,and other reasons,sentence reading and poetry understanding are very hard.For a long time,there are few researchers,and their interpretations are also different.Generally speaking,QINYAN poem and Frontier poems are two main views.Actually,SHILIUQU is a poem which described the frontier fortress scenery and commended the soldiers' pride.The interpretation is consistent with the performance feature and the Tattoo which the eighteen songs of NAOGE in Han dynasty was located in the past.


A novel constraint using shape parameter distribution into the AAM fitting method is proposed. Active appearance models (AAMs) are some of the most popular facial models. AAM-based face tracking delivers accurate alignment results. However, non-face-like shapes can also be estimated by AAMs, unlike by the conventional AAM fitting method, which only minimizes the matching error of the image. This is one of the causes for face tracking performance degradation in AAMs. A constraint using the shape parameter distribution is added in order to solve this problem.


This paper discusses the results of excavations of the settlement-site of Galik 11, situated on the lower Luga River. The materials from the excavations represent three complexes of different periods with finds of the late Neo- lithic — Bronze Age related to the cultures of the pit-comb ware, corded ware, and textile ceramics. The findings of dif- ferent groups are separated planigraphically. The excavations have resulted in obtaining reference collections of materials of the corded ware and textile ceramics of the Bronze Age in the region under consideration.


Through the trauma of college students in the cause of disease and movement analysis,physical education in colleges and universities,sports competition organization,facilities arrangements,health and other aspects of the student movement for medical necessity of health supervision,and to propose concrete measures to the parties concerned To reduce sports injuries or sports students diseases,protect the normal school physical education,athletic competition and personal physical exercise smoothly.


The problem of meeting national beef needs from year to year occurs repeatedly. The main cause of this price increase is supply instability due to lack of supply of local cattle. The problem that the small farmer had was how to mix the concentrate in the exact composition gradually. cattle feed concentrate automatization system software in feedlot at rural farmer based on Raspberry Pi 3 (SIKAPAT) has been successfully made in the 2017, the software is able to calculate the best composition of 3 main ingredients of cattle composite, bran, cake and onggok in fattening process. The computation process was carried out using the simplex algorithm on raspberry pi 3 giving optimum results on the calculation of the three existing composite raw materials. In previous studies, the SIKAPAT software only ran on prototype devices that were not based on the internet of things (IoT). This made integration with other mobile devices difficult. The development of hardware based on Internet of Things is expected to facilita...


We propose a band structure for a triangular lattice with nearest neighbor hopping, in terms of parameters which depend on applied pressure to the sample. Such a lattice is a representation of the compound, NaxCoO2 · yH2O (Sodium Cobalt Oxyhydrate), which is superconducting at a critical temperature of Tc ≈ 5 K. We calculate the density of states, N(ω) vs ω, for several values of the parameters which depend on pressure, distorting in this way the geometry of the lattice. We observe the frequency dependence of the density of states for the different parameters. For zero pressure, we have obtained a density of states which is not symmetric around ω = 0 and which is a different result with respect to a square lattice in 2–D. We also study the superconducting critical temperature, Tc, as a function of the chemical potential, μ. Tc and μ are calculated from two self–consistent BCS equations. As a natural result, we have studied the effect of pressure on Tc, relating the different van Hove singularities, which appear in the density of states, with the different Tc,max's. We then prove that ns = mv, where ns is the number of logarithmic singularities and mv is the number of Tc,max's. We compare our results with relevant results in the literature. MIRAMARE – TRIESTE August 2007 1 Senior Associate of ICTP. firstname.lastname@example.com


Confined systems exhibit interesting properties that are applied to the fields of lubrication, adhesion and nanotechnology. The replica exchange molecular simulation method was applied to calculate the phase equilibrium points of Lennard–Jones particles in a two-dimensional confined system. The liquid–solid phase equilibrium points and the solid structure with a dependency of the slit width were determined and the order parameter of the solid structure was analyzed. Such confined systems are shown to be favorable for manipulation of the phase equilibrium points.


For the third time in five years, proceedings have been filed against the United States in the International Court of Justice alleging violations of the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations (Vienna Convention)} The Convention provides that foreign nationals must be notified of their right to communicate with consular officials when they are detained by law enforcement officials in member states. In Avena, Mexico instituted proceedings against the United States, alleging violations of the Vienna Convention in fifty-four separate cases involving Mexican nationals who had been convicted and sentenced to death. And for the third time in five years, the International Court of Justice has issued a provisional measures order, indicating that the United States must take all measures necessary to ensure that certain foreign nationals are not executed pending the Court's final judgment in the case.


With the recent FDA approval of the Watchman device, clinicians can consider left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion to prevent stroke in patients with


The study of metal nanoparticles on oxide supports is of importance in heterogeneous catalysis because the size and nature of the interaction of a metal nanoparticle with an oxide support are critical in determining catalytic activity and selectivity [1-5]. Reduction and oxidation (redox) at elevated temperatures are essential steps for the catalytic reactions. Due to the superior oxygen transport capacity, ceria (CeO 2 ) with other oxides constitute an important class of catalysts and/or catalyst supports that can exchange oxygen rapidly under variable reducing or oxidizing conditions, mainly accommodated by a reversible valence change (2Ce(IV)O 2 ↔ Ce 2 (III)O 3 + 1/2O 2 ). In this paper, we report a facile synthesis of CeO 2 nanorods with {200} surfaces by a hydrothermal reaction, and catalytic activity characterization of 1wt% Au/CeO 2 and 1wt% Ni/CeO 2 , aiming to understand the support shape effect for low temperature CO oxidation.


The European Union (EU) has been through many institutional transformations since the start of the integration project in the 1950s. While much of the literature has focussed on the more dramatic evolutions of its main institutions, less attention has been paid to instances of more limited institutional change. This article maps out and then accounts for the limitedness of the EU's departure from its original "federal blindness". Such blindness to actors below the state level is explained by the initially low levels of regionalisation of the member states and equally low levels of integration. Theories of endogenous institutional change, however, would lead one to expect that, as integration and regionalisation heightened, pressures for institutional change would trigger greater reform than that observed. Faced with this counterintuitive outcome, the article backtracks to systematically test the deepening and regionalisation assumptions. While the former is verified, the latter is refuted. Using a novel formula to estimate the EU's aggregate regionalisation levels over time, the article demonstrates that it peaked between 1986 and 2003 but has since dropped to a level below that of the 1950s. This new measure explains the timing of institutional reform, but also its limitedness. By examining and ultimately rejecting the regionalisation assumption, the article not only provides an explanation for the pace and scope of the observed institutional change and predictions about future sources of endogenous change, it also corrects a widespread assumption about regionalisation levels in the European polity.