Matthew (Matt) Kemp's dissertation, examining French and American responses to 9/11 and its aftermath, reflects many of the key changes which have been reshaping the contours of French studies in recent years. These include the embrace of interdisciplinarity, an interest in French-speaking regions lying beyond metropolitan France, and an awareness that the study of contemporary France needs to be set in the context of an increasingly globalized world. This has also been the context framing the program of Florida State University's Winthrop-King Institute for Contemporary French and Francophone Studies since its inception in 2001. From the outset, the Institute has aimed to provide a stimulating environment for graduates wishing to link specialized studies of contemporary France with wider research agendas. Matt began his graduate work at FSU as a WinthropKing Fellow just as the Institute was being established. He combined his expertise in the French language with an ambitious interdisciplinary program spanning literary, cultural, historical and political studies. Simultaneously, he was exposed through Winthrop-King conferences, visiting professors and related activities to a maelstrom of contacts and ideas from which his dissertation project grew. If his research fits partly in the mould of discourse analysis, very much in line with the traditional emphasis placed by Modern Languages departments on the study of foreign languages, it has at the same time been shaped by the disciplines of history and political science. During his fieldwork in France, Matt benefited enormously from the advice of leading historians and political scientists such as Henry Rousso (Director of the Institut d'Histoire du Temps Présent) and Catherine Wihtol de Wenden (Directeur de Recherches at the CNRS's Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches Internationales), with whom the Winthrop-King Institute has established


Korean railroad company is continuously improving the service for the disabled. They also install and reform many facilities for them. However, They didn't consider the egress of the disabled when fire occurred until today. At present, fire hazard analysis and risk assessment are introduced into Korea regulation for improving fire safety performance of train car and railroad facilities. Fire safety evaluation for the railroad conducted in Korea didn't generally consider the disabled. In the present situation, the study for the egress of the disabled in train car was needed. The egress experiment was conducted to measure the movement speed of the disabled who didn't walk or walk very slow.


This article introduces the elements and controlling project of automation high-speed carton packing machine,relate to the project of carton transport process,packing periods is important in controller process,moreover,the paper discussed the control theory of bottle sorting,board of carton is picked and the rule of synchronization.


The current research of red long-lasting phosphorescence materials with rare earth was introduced.According to suitable material and energy transfer law between rare earth element and radical materical,the trend of ren long-lasting phosphorescence materials was proposed.


In this paper we present experimental data of studies of fluctuation spectra of the backscattering coefficient by the synchronous registration of three components of wind velocity, temperature and backscattering coefficient in the local air volume at height equal to 5 meter. Measurements were carried out by means of the acoustic meteostation and with the aerosol laser locator. Obtained results had verified differences between of power auto-spectra of wind velocity fluctuations and backscattering coefficient fluctuations at stable thermal stratification, presumably explained away as the effects of temperature stratification and of convective turbulence. When stratification of the surface layer is stable there appears a 'sub- area of buoyancy' (the Boljiano-Monin spectrum) in fluctuation spectra of the coefficient of backscattering. Assuming that the field of concentration of particles is formed at upper boundary of the boundary layer, and then it without substantial changes it delivers by downgoing flows to the earth surface.


Most studies of the teacher's place in the community have used data from either the teachers themselves or a selected group bearing a special relationship to the teachers. This study reports an attempt to measure public attitudes toward educators by sampling the registered voters of a small community. The questions in the schedule were on a series of items related to status; the replies have been summarized and then analyzed statistically according to sex, age, nativity, parenthood, religion, occupation, education, and income.


The Kali River is a sixth-order tributary of the Ganga River. It originates near Khatoli town in Muzaffarnagar and confluences with the Ganga River at Kanauj District, Uttar Pradesh. In this study, drainage morphometry, temporal groundwater level observations and precipitation data are used to examine surface and subsurface hydrological conditions. Survey of India topographic maps has been used to identify the basin characteristics based on their 1:50,000 scale. The groundwater and precipitation data were obtained from the Indian Meteorological Department and the Indian Water Resources Society. The basin area was calculated about 11,470 sq. km with an NW-SE sloping. In addition, it is elongated-shaped with a dendritic pattern. The bifurcation ratio (5.06), drainage density (0.65), stream frequency (0.24) and ruggedness number (0.09) show strongly permeable alluvium, low relief, high infiltration rate, least erodible and high permeability. The basin reflects a relationship between spatio-temporal groundwater level and rainfall (~21 years: 1996 to 2017). According to this study, the water level declined at a rate of 124.7 meters per year as a result of excessive groundwater use and climate changes such as a decrease in precipitation rates around the area. Therefore, it is recommended to conservation of groundwater resources in the future.


A comparative study of three symphonic Works by the Brazilian contemporary composer Edino Krieger, written in a span of tem years (1965-1975): Ludus Symphonicus, Canticum Naturale and Estro Armonico . The affinity among them, holding avant-garde na tradicional compositional behaviors. A brief analysis of each piece of music.


Hedges,as part of the fuzzy language,play an important role in communication.In specific contexts of English teaching,hedges have ample semantic and pragmatic functions.The use of hedges in English teaching can make the language sound more polite,promote close interpersonal relationship between teachers and students during the lecture,and motivate the students' interest and thinking,thus making English teaching more effective.


The grand challenge of "Improving Womens Health" is the theme of the 2012 World Report on Womens Health.The 2012 World Report comprises a Special Communication from FIGOs President Professor Gamal Serour and 20 articles under 2 chapters: Improving Maternal Health; and Improving Reproductive Health. The 2012 World Report on the topic of improving womens health provides ample information to allow us to take action at an individual institutional and professional society level. The Report is a call for action based on evidence. It addresses HOW we can act in addition to what has happened or what is currently going on. One single organization or government cannot achieve these tasks. In addition to the global cooperation of partner organizations every one of us has to take some responsibility to improve womens health. (Excerpts)


ABSTRACT Structural sliding stability of gravity dams is generally quantified using deterministic factor of safety, FSdet. Large FSdet (e.g. 3 in normal condition), are used in existing guidelines to guard against material and load uncertainties. Some guidelines allow an arbitrary reduction in FSdet (e.g. 2) when the knowledge in strength parameters increases from material test data. Yet, those reduced FSdet are not based on a rational consideration of uncertainties. Propagation of uncertainties could be done using probabilistic analyses, such as Monte-Carlo simulations (MC) which are complex and challenging for practical use. There is thus a need to develop simplified reliability based safety assessment procedures that could rationalise the adjustment of FSdet. This paper presents a progressive analysis methodology using four safety evaluation formats of increasing complexity: (i) deterministic, (ii) semi-probabilistic (partial coefficient), (iii) reliability based Adjustable Factor of Safety (AFS), and (iv) probabilistic. Comprehensive comparisons are made for the sliding safety evaluation of a 80 m gravity dam. Results are presented in terms of sliding factors of safety, allowable water levels, and demand/capacity ratios. It is shown that the AFS formulation, using direct integration, is simple and practical to use in complement to existing dam safety guidelines before undertaking MC simulations.


One of the internal rules of the example-based translation is the dependence of the translation quality on the length and representation of translation examples. These are managed by an example database, for which the linguist should answer two questions when s/he intends to design it: (1) what is the representation chosen for the translation example? and (2) what are the possibilities to generalize the translation examples stored in the database? In this paper my intent is to propose two answers, in fact – a synergetical research direction for Romanian, English and French language. I will consider the representation of the translation examples as depedency trees and I will generalize them by means of the semantic information described by Levin's verb classes.


A brief resume of the chief indications for blood transfusion is as follows:I. To replace blood lost by haemorrhage. The more important causes are accidents, haematemesis, melaena, obstetrical haemorrhage, ectopic pregnancy, the pre-operative, operative and post-operative transfusions. 2. To increase the blood volume in surgical shock. 3. To restore blood and to stimulate the haemopoietic system in anaemias. 4. To restore lost blood in the haemorrhagic states (haemophilia and purpura), and to supply certain missing factors, e.g. platelets. 5. To increase the general resistance and immunity in acute and chronic infections by supplying leucocytes and antibodies (immuno-transfusion). In many of the cases of anaemia, haemoglobin is so low that transfusion of a pint of blood by ordinary methods is only sufficient to raise the total amount of haemoglobin by eight or ten per cent. It was originally shown by Marriott and Kekwick that very large quantities of blood can be given by slow constant drip to restore the haemoglobin to normal levels without increasing the blood volume and over-loading the circulation. Very slow infusion of blood at a rate of about 40 drops a minute raises the haemoglobin by about Io per cent. in four hours. Excess of plasma is removed from the circulation at about the same rate, the net result being a gain in blood cells and haemoglobin. By this method of blood transfusion, over six litres, or eleven pints, of blood have been given continuously over a number of days. Such quantities of blood require the services of several donors, who must all be compatible with the patient and of the same group as one another. Choice of donor. It is best to obtain a series of donors from among the patient's relatives and friends rather than burden unduly the excellent Red Cross donor service. Each of these volunteers should be in good general health and transmission of syphilis and malaria should be borne in mind. It is essential to prove that patient's and donor's bloods are compatible.


Academic interest in cash seems to be mounting, as is being evidenced by the increasing attendance at this conference or also the number of research papers that will be presented here. The format of this conference, designed to promote exchange not only between researchers specialising in cash but also between academics and central banks, appears to be becoming increasingly established in academic circles and is growing ever more popular.


The oxidative effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and chitosan (CS) were evaluated in Wistar rats s. c. inoculated with Walker 256 carcinoma. The animals were irradiated with red light (?=685 nm, D=50 J/cm2, 15 min) 3h after i.p administration of 250 mg/kg b.w. 5-ALA, 1.5-mg/kg b.w. CS or an associated treatment of 5-ALA and CS. The levels of lipid peroxides and protein carbonyls were determined in plasma and tumor tissues. The antioxidant capacity of plasma and tumor tissues as well as the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase) activities in erythrocytes and tumors were assessed. 24hs after the treatment, in 5-ALA treated animals the levels of lipid peroxides and protein carbonyls were significantly increased both in plasma and tumors. 5-ALA PDT decreased the erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes activities. An associated treatment with CS and 5-ALA produced the reduction of the lipid peroxides and protein carbonyls in plasma and the recovery of antioxidant enzymes activities. These results suggest the antioxidant properties of CS


Synopsis Floridiscus girvanensis gen. et sp. nov. is described from the Ashgillian (Upper Ordovician) of Girvan, Ayrshire. Oral plating, ambulacral structure and hydropore arrangement link Floridiscus with the Lebetodiscidae, but the outward-flaring rosettes of peripheral rim plates are a pyrgocystid feature. It is suggested that the highly specialised Pyrgocystis evolved from an isorophid ancestor.


Question: In patients with small or medium-size rotator cuff tears, how do surgery and physiotherapy compare? Design: Randomized (allocation concealed), blinded (outcome assessor) controlled trial with 12-month follow-up. Setting: A hospital in Baerum, Norway. Patients: 103 patients (mean age 60 y, 71 % men) with small (<1 cm) or medium-size (1 to 3 cm) tears of the rotator cuff. Inclusion criteria were lateral shoulder pain at rest or with exercise, a painful arc of shoulder motion, positive impingement signs, and a passive range of movement of ≥140° for abduction and flexion. Exclusion criteria included age of < 18 years, tears absolutely requiring surgery, concomitant local or systemic diseases affecting shoulder function, previous tendon surgery on the relevant shoulder, and medical comorbid conditions. Follow-up data were available for all patients. Intervention: Patients were allocated to surgery (n = 52) or physiotherapy (n = 51). Surgery involved mini-open oropen tendon repair. Following diagnostic arthroscopy and a deltoid-splitting approach, an anteroinferior acromioplasty was performed. The deltoid was repaired to the acromion through drill-holes. Patients in the physiotherapy group received outpatient treatment by 1 of 4 physiotherapists. 40-minute sessions were given on the average of twice weekly for 12 weeks, and thereafter at increasing intervals during the next 6 to 12 weeks. Exercises to center the humeral head in the glenoid fossa were done to achieve glenohumeral control, and then progressed to more challenging positions. Additional exercises were given, tailored to specific demands in work, sports, and leisure activities. Patients who did not improve after 15 sessions were reassessed and offered surgery if deemed necessary. Main outcome measures: The primary outcome measure was an assessment of shoulder function with use of the Constant score (range, 0 to 100; higher scores represent better function). Secondary outcomes included the self-report section of the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score (range, 0 to 100); the Short Form (SF)-36 (0 to 100 points; higher scores indicate better health condition); Constant subscores on pain-free active shoulder abduction, pain-free active shoulder flexion, and shoulder strength; and ASES subscore on shoulder pain. Main results: Analysis was by intention to treat. 9 patients (18%) in the physiotherapy group showed no improvement after a mean of 24 sessions and underwent secondary surgical treatment. Missing nonoperative follow-up data of these patients after secondary surgical treatment were handled by a last-observation-carried-forward principle, meaning that the last scoring result before secondary surgical treatment was used for analysis. Differences between the surgery and physiotherapy groups on the Constant and ASES scores showed greater improvement from baseline in the surgery group than in the physiotherapy group (Table). Among the subscores, the surgery group patients had larger increases in shoulder abduction and decreases in pain; groups did not differ with regard to shoulder flexion or shoulder strength (Table). The groups were not different with regard to SF-36 scores. Conclusion: In patients with small or medium-size rotator cuff tears, 1-year outcomes were better after surgery than after physiotherapy.


An electrically tunable bandpass filter based on an engineered substrate embedded with patterned permalloy (Py) thin film has been designed, implemented, and characterized. The bandpass filter is designed with metamaterial resonators to achieve a compact size; the designed filter is fabricated on a multilayered engineered substrate, which is composed of a layer of liquid crystal polymer, a layer of patterned Py thin film, and silicon substrate. The tunability of center frequency for the designed bandpass filter is dependent on the radio frequency (RF) characteristics of the implemented engineered substrate. The equivalent permeability of the Py thin film embedded in the engineering substrate is electrically tunable with the dc current, which thus provides high and tunable inductance densities for the split-ring resonators in the designed filter; the center frequency of the implemented bandpass filter is thus electrically tunable. The measured results show that the center frequency of the designed bandpass filter shifts from 2.37 to 2.45 GHz continuously when the applied tuning dc current is changed from 0 to 500 mA. The introduced unique concept of the engineered substrate provides design feasibility of filters with continuous frequency tunability, and the implementation of the engineered substrate enabled with the patterned Py thin film is suitable for the cost-effective fabrication of the arbitrary tunable RF devices.


Mr. Young, Coordinator of Student Teaching, Oklahoma Agricultural and Me chanical College, Stillwater, sounds an urgent call for cooperative effort to vita lize the American secondary school pro gram.


On November 15, 1987, at the Bern-Belp Airport in Switzerland, a two-seater ASK-21 was towed up to 800 m AGL by two Robin towplanes. This was the first flight of this kind in the civil seclor. During World War II, the German 'Luftwaffe'achieved aerotows of heavy Me321 transport gliders with three Me110 ("Troika-Schleep") towplanes and of one DFS 230 glider with five He 72 "Kadett"lowplanes. Since 1986, the idea of a so-called Y-tow has been discussed in a humorous way by a few club instructors and tow pilos. The reason for the laughing matter: Why not invert the classic double tow with two gliders and one tug to a two-tugs-one-glider tow? In spite of the cabaret laughter, careful investigations showed that in no way would legal or club regulations be infringed by such a trial.


Internet service providers are facing increasing back pressure from rising access demand by users, especially peer‐to‐peer (P2P)‐based applications that greatly enhance the large‐scale distribution of content into and out of their networks. With the ever increasing consumption pressure on scarce bandwidth resources, ISPs have been forced to reconsider their business model of overselling 'all‐you‐can‐eat' broadband at flat rates. Technical solutions such as traffic differentiation or blocking violate the principle of network neutrality; traffic shaping and deep packet analysis fall short in the presence of encryption; and P4P (localized P2P)‐based solutions are difficult to achieve in a heterogeneous environment. Economically, various usage‐based pricing schemes have been proposed and discussed. While they can improve efficiency in bandwidth consumption, they tend to face strong customer resistance as users have strong preference in favour of simple flat rates. We argue that any feasible pricing reforms cannot deviate much from the current flat rates while providing financial incentives for bandwidth hogs to limit their bandwidth access. In contrast to normal usage‐based pricing models that charge by volume, we propose a temporal‐based pricing model that may generate a mutually beneficial solution that can not only increase the profitability of ISPs but also accommodate P2P, rather than killing it, without changing the software, protocols or hardware that clients or ISPs use on the network.Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd


Several new developments of the electrical discharge theory are discussed, including the theoretical calculation of the energy radiated by radio- galaxies, which is in accord with estimates based on observations of the amount of energy radiated by Virgo A. The theory also leads to a quite definite argument against continuous creation, and also to the prediction that spiral nebulae should exist on a stellar, as well as a galactic scale, a prediction which is verified by reference to a work published forty-two years earlier at Lick Observatory. Indications are given of the suggestions which other theories have to offer for the phenomena discussed. (auth)


The purpose of this investigation is to examine the properties of finite asymmetric exotic scalar (acoustic) beams with unusual properties using the angular spectrum decomposition in plane waves. Such beams possess intrinsic uncommon characteristics that make them attractive from the standpoint of particle manipulation, handling and rotation, and possibly other applications in particle clearing and separation. Assuming a specific apodization function at the acoustic source, the angular spectrum function is calculated and used to synthesize the radiated pressure field (i.e., excluding evanescent waves that decay away from the source) in the forward direction of wave motion (i.e., away from the source). Moreover, a generalized hybrid method combining the angular spectrum approach with the multipole expansion formalism in spherical coordinates is developed, which is applicable to any finite beam of arbitrary wavefront. The improved approach allows adequate computation of the resonance scattering, radiation f...


FIELD: physics, photo. SUBSTANCE: claimed invention relates to developer feed container to be coupled with developer intake device, developer feed system with said intake and said container and to imaging device. Claimed set of inventions comprises developer feed container, developer feed systems and imaging devices. Note here that developer feed container includes the developer intake part, venting element to allow entry and exit from said intake part. Note here that said container comprises the parts that follow. Part to contain the developer. Outlet to discharge the developer from the latter towards said intake part. Part to take up the motive force from said developer intake part. Pump part to be driven by said motive force tale up part to reiterate discharge and suction via said discharge outlet. Developer feed container side is provided with pump part to suck air from inside the developer intake part towards developer containing part and discharges air therefrom towards developer intake part. This makes the filter apply the reverse filter cleaning effect in suction cycle to rule out the filter clogging. EFFECT: ruled out clogging of venting element and deterioration of image quality. 36 cl, 77 dwg, 3 tbl


Two indigenous raw materials Babul (Acacia arabica) and coconut shells were subjected to physical activation for the preparation of activated carbon by a mixture of superheated steam and air in a S.S. fluidized bed reactor. The influence of various operational variables like particle size of the two raw materials, time of activation and pressure of the fluidizing gas on different physical and chemical properties of the Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) samples was investigated. Different operational parameters being optimized in this study were particle size of 1.00 - 2.00 mm, operating pressure of 20 psi in 75 min time of activation. Babul was however not found to be an appropriate precursor for preparing GAC, probably due to its low inherent strength, eventually resulting in quite low yield and ball pan hardness of GAC samples. Further it was concluded, that GAC in quite a good yield and adsorptive capacity in liquid as well as vapour phase systems and standard hardness was obtained from coconut shells and it was much superior, when compared with the product obtained from Babul.


In this work, a high performance vertical-type photodetector based on two-dimensional (2D) CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite nanosheets was fabricated. The low trap density of the perovskite nanosheets and their short carrier diffusion distance result in a significant performance enhancement of the perovskite-based photodetector. The photoresponsivity of this vertical-type photodetector is as high as 36 mA W−1 at visible wavelength, which is much better than traditional perovskite photodetectors (0.34 mA W−1). Compared with traditional planar-type perovskite-based photodetectors, this vertical-type photodetector also shows the advantages of low-voltage operation and large responsivity. These results may pave the way for exploiting high performance perovskite-based photodetectors with an ingenious device design.


The ambiguity, robustness and performance of systems becomes increasingly evident as the complexity and size increase in industrial processes. Under these circumstances, conventional control techniques such as PID control, nonlinear feedback control, LQG control and Hinfin control have several disadvantages because they are hard or inflexible and cannot handle qualitative knowledge. This may explain the dominant role of emerging "intelligent control, using soft computing" as an interesting alternative. This means that increasing complexity requires an increase in intelligence in order to provide robustness and adaptability. Intelligent techniques such as fuzzy systems (FS), neural networks (NN) and genetic algorithms (GA) can be combined using the resources of such techniques complementary. This paper is a report of a research work in intelligent control of the GISIA group (Grupo de Investigation en Sistemas Inteligentes y Aplicaciones) at Escuela Politecnica Nacional


Income inequality and house prices have risen sharply in developed countries during 1975–2010. In line with theoretical models, we argue that this co-movement is no coincidence, but that inequality has driven up house prices on the grounds that it raises the aggregate demand for housing. Our results suggest that absolute inequality and house prices in most Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries were positively correlated and cointegrated, whereas relative inequality and mean income were not significant long-run determinants. This finding indicates that the surge in OECD house prices in part can be explained by a top-income-induced increase in housing demand, and that it is important to consider the interaction of rising mean income and its relative distribution when studying potential correlates of house prices. Moreover, our results confirm previous findings that the short-term real interest rate also is an important correlate of house prices.


A comprehensive review was conducted to examine psychosocial, judgement and decision making models and constructs considered relevant to traffic safety and related behaviours. The long-term goal of this review is to improve the quality of traffic safety interventions and serious offender training/improvement programmes through theoretically-informed approaches. Two approaches were taken for this review; a large-scale review of the research literature; and an analysis of relevant theoretical approaches and constructs. Comments and recommendations are made on the basis of the psychosocial factors examined.


Demonstrating that "good design is good business" requires design professionals to be familiar with the language and concepts of business. This article equips design professionals with two frameworks: first, how to think about the true economic resources on which a company depends; and second, how to express the contribution of design to the current and future performance of the business.A framework for expressing the financial impact of design.


Isabella S.C. Williams , Sachin Perera, Declan G. Murphy , Niall M. Corcoran, Damien M. Bolton and Nathan Lawrentschuk Department of Urology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, EJ Whitten Prostate Cancer Research Centre at Epworth, Melbourne, and Department of Urology, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, Vic., Australia


Randal Keynes, Darwin's great-great-grandson, looks at how Darwin pursued his love of science, not just on his epic voyage, but in his home with his family.


430Background: Surgical approach has been described as a factor influencing morbidity in patients undergoing hepatectomy. Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) converted to open has previously been included in an open hepatectomy cohort of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) dataset for analysis. This study sought to compare MIS conversion to open hepatectomy cases and analyze factors leading to conversion. Methods: The NSQIP data set was queried for patients undergoing hepatectomy for liver disease between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2014. Cases were divided into three cohorts: completely MIS (laparoscopic or robotic), open, or planned MIS converted to open approach according to the dataset definitions. Demographic, clinical-pathologic, and perioperative variables were described and short-term postoperative outcomes were compared between groups. Results: A total of 2,884 patients were identified. Open approach was performed most commonly (80.96%, n = 2,335), followed by minimally in...


ABSTRACT.   The House of Sampoerna Museum does not only look how the history of cigarettes was made, but also  the value of this historical place, such as the struggle to achieve success. Visiting  the House Of Sampoerna Museum we will see art and cultural performances, live music, art galleries, unique cafes, shops selling various forms of handicrafts. The promotional strategy that has been carried out by  managers of the House of Sampoerna is currently still not optimal and this has made the name of the House of Sampoerna limited to a cigarette museum. With the emergence of these problems, data were collected through field observations and interviews. Meanwhile, for the design of this study using 5W1H technical analysis in accordance with the needs of the problems studied to determine effective and communicative promotional media, namely merchandise in the form of key chains in the form of flip-flops with visuals from the House of Sampoerna Museum.
Key word:  promotion, tourism, architecture, House Of Sampoerna, museum


The notion of generic final-state asymptotically determinable hybrid system is introduced. Then, sufficient conditions for a linear hybrid system to be generic final-state asymptotically determinable are given. These conditions show that generic final-state asymptotic determinability can be verified even if each of the continuous subsystems of the hybrid system is not observable. More precisely, these conditions are related to the minimum and maximum sojourn time in each location as well as on the dimension and orientation of the unobservable subspaces and on the reset mappings between them.


Reel mower assembly of the reel lawn mowers coupled rotatably to the frame, a driver capable of rotating the reel by the reel shaft, mounted to said frame includes at least one back. Reel lawn struck off is interposed between the bed knife retainer, the back and the bed knife retainer fixed to the working position to the back side with respect to the bedknife, the rear surface is placed on the reel and the cutting relationship to prevent sliding movement of the bed knife a coupling device that may be further included. Alternatively, the reel mower assembly further comprises a bed knife on the bed knife carried by a retainer, the retainer is fixed to the bed knife in the operating position the rear. Reel lawn mower, bed knife retainer, Bedknife


Panasonic is promoting development ofthe integrated digital AV platform "UniPhier <!lmversal £latform for High-quality Image Enhancing Revolution)" aiming to apply in a wide range of digital CE field from home-use AV devices to mobile phones. Most of Panasonic digital CE products, such as digital TVs, DVDlBlu-ray recorders and mobile Phones, are now the UniPhier based products. The UniPhier is not simply a design infrastructure but also the means by which we can build an integrated capabili~ Mobile Phones Personal AVs Car AVs Home-use AVs Home security


Knee rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the highly prevalent, chronic, progressive condition in the world. To diagnose this disease in the early stage in detail analysis with magnetic resonance (MR) image is possible. The imaging modality feature allows unbiased assessment of joint space narrowing (JSN), cartilage volume, and other vital features. This provides a fine-grained RA severity evaluation of the knee, contrasted to the benchmark, and generally used Kellgren Lawrence (KL) assessment. In this research, an intelligent system is developed to predict KL grade from the knee dataset. Our approach is based on hybrid deep learning of 50 layers (ResNet50) with skip connections. The proposed approach also uses Adam optimizer to provide learning linearity in the training stage. Our approach yields KL grade and JSN for femoral and tibial tissue with lateral and medial compartments. Furthermore, the approach also yields area under curve (AUC) of 0.98, accuracy 96.85%, mean absolute error (MAE) 0.015, precision 98.31%, and other commonly used parameters for the existence of radiographic RA progression which is improved than the existing state-of-the-art.


Deterioration of concrete materials exposed to an aggressive solution is often characterized by the leaching of calcium and silicon compounds from the cement matrix. This paper presents the results of the study of concrete composites exposed to the various sulphate environments (sulphuric acid and magnesium sulphate solutions) under laboratory model conditions. The leaching of the calcium and silicon from concrete specimens has been studied during 180 days using X-ray fluorescence method for leachate analysis. As expected, sulphuric acid of pH3 was confirmed to have the most significant effect on the studied ions releasing. The released amounts of analysed ions were 192.2 and 9.6 times higher for calcium and silicon ions, respectively in H2SO4 with pH=3 when compared to fresh water. The concentration of released calcium was 2.6 times higher


Exogenous sex steroid hormones can Influence serum levels of lipids and lipoproteins. However, the relationship between endogenous sex hormones and these markers of cardiovascular disease Is unclear. The menstrual cycle would be expected to provide a useful model for assessing the Impact of changes In endogenous hormone levels on serum lipoproteins, but the published literature Is conflicting. This may be due to the rarity with which previous studies have combined careful assessment of ovulation and cycle timing with rigorous lipid methodoloilY· Methodl: We measured serum lipids, lipoproteins, oestradiol (E) and progesterone (P) In 19 healthy non-obese premenopausal women seen during three phases of a single menstrual cycle, during which ovulation was suggested by ultrasonography and/or detection of the urinary LH surge; In the early follicular phase (days 1-4; E and P both low); at ovulation (days 10-16; E high); and the luteal phase (days 18-24: E and P both high). Relultl: There were no significant changes In fasting serum trlglycerldes, total cholesterol or low density lipoproteins (LDL) durtng the cycle. However, the mean (SO) levels of high density lipoprotein subfractlon 2 (HOL2) cholesterol Increased from 0.82 (0.32) mmol/L In the enrly follicular phase to 0.89 (0.30) mmol/L at ovulation. then fell Significantly to 0.79 (0.36) mmol/L during the luteal phase. These changes were accompanied by changes In HOL apollpoproteln AI. In addition. lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] levels Increased significantly from a median (range) of 4.1 (0.9-47) In the ovulatory phase to 7.4 (0.3-47) In the luteal phase. Conclu.lon: These results Indicate that changes In levels of endogenous honnones can Induce small but significant changes In those of HDL2 and Lp(a). The latter finding has been observed only once before. and then only In a subset of women with low Initial Lp(a) levels.


A loss of subchannel orthogonality due to time-variant multipath channels in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM)(systems) leads to intercarrier interference(ICI) which increases the error of(system.) In this paper,a simplified channel estimation method using time-domain linear model is proposed,assuming that the channel impulse response varies in a linear fashion during an OFDM symbol time-duration.The simulation result shows that this method can reduce ICI effectively and maintain the performance of the system while reducing the complexity effectively.


Introduction: The ankle is an amazing structure because it helps transfer vertical to horizontal weight bearing and rarely deteriorates over the course of a life time.This study aims to find out the prevalence of functional ankle instability in athletes and to determine the effect of posturography training on balance in athletes with functional ankle joint instability. Material and Methods: This study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase after obtaining the informed consent, a descriptive study was conducted among 453 students from the Department of Physical Education and were included in the study to determine the prevalence of functional ankle instability (FAI). The study participants were distributed with Modified Ankle Instability Instrument questionnaire with brief explanation about the questionnaire and the prevalence of FAI was studied. Modified ankle instability instrument has high reliability,feasible and has appropriate way to obtain information on the presence of instability symptoms.21It contains 11 yes/no type questions.9 questions focus on ankle injury,last 2 questions focus on knee for exclusion purpose.12 questionnaires were found to be incomplete and the remaining 441 completed questionnaires were taken for data analysis.Among the 441 questionnaires,207 was excluded as they have knee and leg injuries.With the remaining 234, 43 athletes have FAI with the prevalence of 18.4%.From them, 39 athletes entered phase II and were given balance training using a commercially available device, Posturograph-the Biodex Balance Stability System (BSS) (Biodex, Inc., Shirley, New York). Results: The prevalence of FAI was 18.4% in the present study.The most common age group of the present study was 21-25 years(52.2%). Male participants (58.5%) were outnumbered female participants(41.5%). Most of the athletes had normal BMI.Underweight population was 20.4% and overweight was 5.9%. The common events participated by the athletes of the present study were football (25.85%),basketball (14.51%) and volley ball (12.24%).Of the total 441 participants ,207 (46.9%) had associated knee and leg injuries and hence was not taken for analysis.There is no association found between FAI in relation to gender game - wise as demonstrated in the above table.There was significant association observed between FAI and BMI for football and hockey players ( = 6.195, p =0.045).There is significant difference in anterior reach distance,posteromedial and posterolateral reach distance between affected and normal ankle at baseline (p <0.05) Conclusion: The present study results showed that balance training with posturograph effectively improved the functional ankle instability in athletes and also enhances the stability of the normal ankle. In addition, the balance training may increase patients interest and participation rate in treatment more than existing therapy methods.


Objective: The main objective of this study is to determine the level of C- reactive protein in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) along its relation with normal pregnant mothers and also to compare it with different grades of pregnancy. C-reactive protein and inflammation are interrelated. Another objective of this study is to find out the relationship of C- reactive protein, biochemical and hematological parameter in PIH as well as its clinical correlation. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the department of Gynaecology and department of Pathology in Burdwan Medical College West Bengal India after taking permission from ethical committee. 50 cases of PIH mothers and age and gestational matched 50 cases of normal control pregnant mothers and 50 normal healthy non pregnant adult women were included in this present study. CRP was estimated by turbidometric method. Serum Uric acid, SGPT, Serum Creatinine were estimated by semi auto analyzer, Serum s HCG was estimated by ELISA technique. The total leukocytes count, absolute Neutrophils count, Platelet counts were done in hematological cell counter with correlation from peripheral direct smear and manual counting. Urine protein was detected by dipstick method. Results: Serum C- reactive protein was positively correlated with severity of in PIH. Results shows a significantly increased C-reactive protein in PIH (Mean SD 42.02 mg/L±18 .01 mg/L, P<0.001) in comparison to normal control mother (Mean SD 4.2 ±0.93 mg/L). Conclusion: Serum C-reactive protein levels can be used as marker for early diagnosis and intervention of PIH and can be reduced maternal as well as fetal morbidity and mortality. Key words: C - reactive protein, pregnancy induced hypertension. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.3329/bjms.v10i3.8358 BJMS 2011; 10(3): 159-162


Despite the growing interest in sustainability, negative associations of this term with naïve discourses, green-washing, or low-quality design are still common within some areas in the discipline of architecture. Through a literature review and an examination of the programs of the top ten architecture schools, this article explores the causes and implications of this slight but persistent discredit of sustainability in the field of architecture. The article discusses how some of the perceived downsides of sustainability are reflected on the university curricula, as the fragmented understanding of environmental problems or the overly technical approach to their solution within technology and design. The discussion also addresses the improvements brought by recent multidisciplinary explorations of environmental issues made within the architectural humanities, that provide students a comprehensive historical, social, and cultural understanding of the issue.


For historians who use slave narratives to document the immediate physical and social facts of slave life, Frederick Douglass's Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by Himself offers a frustratingly low yield. Beside Solomon Northup's detailed account of living quarters, diet, work life, holidays, and family relations, Douglass's Narrative must seem spare, incomplete, even misleading in its portrayal of the slave experience—an incendiary polemic written more to fuel the abolitionist cause than to convey the nature of the slave experience. To read the Narrative from this point of view, however, is to misapprehend how Douglass's text treats slavery and to be needlessly disappointed. Unlike Northup, Douglass focuses on the linguistic significance of bondage: He tersely portrays masters and slaves almost solely in terms of their linguistic acts because, for him, the reality of slavery is a profoundly rhetorical one. He charts his own relentless progress to freedom as the acquisition of an ever deeper understanding of language use in a slave economy, and the realization of his own freedom at the Nantucket antislavery convention is preeminently a linguistic event. Douglass's perspective is an important one, for as sociolinguists have discovered, "peoples do not all everywhere use language to the same degree, in the same situations, or for the same things. … Languages, like other cultural traits, will be found to vary in the degree and nature of their integration into the societies and cultures in which they occur." Douglass was acutely sensitive to the linguistic system of slave society, of the ways in which language was used—and withheld—by one human being to enslave another.


A light guide for a keypad and a keypad for a portable phone using the same are provided to accomplish sufficient backlighting and power saving effects on the keypad or each key only through one or two LEDs(Light Emitting Diodes) and minimize thickness of the light guide, thereby making the portable phone slim/compact and facilitating brightness control of the backlighting. A light guide for a keypad(100) comprises the followings: a body(10) which is formed in a thin film type, is arranged between a dome sheet, installed in a PCB(Printed Circuit Board), and a base of the keypad(100), and guides or reflects a light, emitted from a light emitting unit; and plural reflectors(20) which are formed at a location of the key equipped with the keypad(100) and a rear side of the body(10) corresponding to circumference of the location, and are composed of plural reflective patterns(22) which receive light guided or reflected through the body(10) and reflect/bend the light toward the keypad(100).


MAO, and analysed the resulting enzyme activity obtained. The transfected cells expressed monoamine oxidase activity of the correct form showing that a single subunit is sufficient to generate activity and that the identified cDNAs code for enzymically active type A and type B monoamine oxidases. The successful expression of the monoamine oxidase cDNAs in a mammalian cell enables the direct study of hypotheses of structure and function. The production of chimaeric forms of monoamine oxidase consisting of the N-terminal sequences of MAO-A and the C-terminal sequences of MAO-B, for example, could be illuminating. When these constructs are transfected into mammalian cells enzymic assays may reveal which domains of the MAOs determine the enzyme specificity. More specific site-directed mutation of individual amino acid residues will identify those amino acids forming the active site.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mammography apparatus capable of reducing burdens on a subject when a breast is radiographed with an arm of the mammography apparatus in the inverted state, and allowing an operator to easily position the breast, and also to provide a control method of the mammography apparatus. SOLUTION: The mammography apparatus 10 includes: a stand 11 which can be move in the vertical direction; the arm 12 rotatably supported to the stand 11 by using a rotating shaft, and having an X-ray tube 14 at a first end and a radiography table 20 at a second end; a pressing plate 30 moving in the longitudinal direction D of the arm 12 to press the breast T between the plate and the radiography table 20; and a control part 100 for retaining the fixed position of the pressing plate 30 relative to the vertical direction by giving commands to a vertical moving part 11C of the stand 11 and a pressing plate moving part 51 of the pressing plate 30 to correct the ascending motion of the pressing plate 30 with the descending motion of the stand 11 while the arm is in the inverted state N with the second end of the arm 12 located above and the first end located under the second end. COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT


On the basis of the itinerant 4 f electron model, the electronic structure is calculated for CeIr 2 by a relativistic linear augmented-plane-wave method. It is found in common that the energy bands in the vicinity of the Fermi level are mainly due to the hybridization between Ce 4 f and Ir 5 d electrons. An itinerant electron model assures that this compound is compensated metal. The 21st, 22nd, and 23rd bands form the Fermi surface. The Fermi surface produces many de Haas–van Alphen frequencies in the wide frequency range between 1.0 and 200 MOe.


In the process of revitalization of old industrial base and construction of regional innovation system,the problem of the hamonious development of economy and ST cannot be ignored.Based on the(estab-)(lishment) of indices system for the hamonious development of economy and ST,it uses principal component analysis to evaluate the synthesis development of economic system and ST system of Liaoning in the period of 1995—2002.Then,it makes a quantitative analysis on the hamonious development of economy and ST of Liaoing Province by regressive analysis and hamonious degree calculation.It puts out some suggestions on the future hamonious development of economy and ST in Liaoning Province.


I t has already become something of a cliche to talk of a crisis in the delivery of medical care. Nevertheless. it is clear that the current fee-for-service system cannot rectify the recognized inadequacies of making quality medical services uniformly available to all Americans. A shortage of physicians has been the most commonly indicted explanation for this problem. and a variety of proposals have been put forth to increase the number of physicians available for primary medical care. Recently. however. the primacy of the physician shortage has been challenged. More allention should be paid to the maldistribution and mal-utilization of physic ians. Thus , it has been recently puinted out that the United States has a higher physic ian population ratio than either Sweden or the United Kingdom where medical care is thought to be reasonably adequate. A physician population ratio of 2.16 per thousand by the year 2002 was projected by the Cnrnegie Commission as being necessary for adequate health care. Yet. in New York City in 1968. a phys ician population ratio of 2.8 per thousand was reported. In the midst of that extremely favorable physician population ratio. a large area of Harlem was reported to have 0.1 physicians per thousand people. To complicate mailers even further. favorable phys ician population ratios alone do not always correlate with improved morbidity and mortality rates. We are clearly in a period of transition experimenting with various modalities of medical care such as HMO·s. hospital outreach programs. community health centers and the like. Though frustrating at times. there is also the keen excitement of attacking a social problem of great magnitude and complexity. lt is more than likely that there will not be a single solution to the problems of


By operating utility distribution systems in the lower range of the ANSI C84.1 allowable voltage limits, both the utility and the customer benefits by having lower energy costs and high quality power. The basis of this conclusion is that electric load is not 100% constant power (PQ) load, but is actually a combination of constant power, constant impedance, and constant current. Performing cost-effective improvements to the distribution systems reduces the total voltage drop on the distribution feeder and changing the operation of the voltage regulation equipment reduces the average voltage level on the feeder. Utilities that have used these techniques have constantly reported energy savings without adverse impacts on customers or equipment. Savings have ranged from 0.2% to 1.2% energy savings for each 1.0% voltage reduction.


To discuss Huoxue Tongguan decoction for tubal infertility,and to provide experience for the clinical treatment of tubal obstructive infertility. Method: Select 56 cases of infertility patients with bilateral tubal obstruction and they were randomly divided into control and treatment groups,patients in two groups underwent tubal plastic surgery and were given appropriate medical symptomatic treatment and the treatment group was given Huoxue Tongguan decoction on the basis of normal treatment. The effects of two groups were compared. Results: After treatment,in the control group the total effective rate was 67. 9% and in the treatment group the total effective rate was 89. 3%,and the total efficiency of the treatment group compared with that of the control group had a significant difference( P 0. 05); pregnancy rate was35. 7% in the control group,and in the treatment group it was 60. 7%,which had a significant difference( P 0. 05);in the two groups there were no severely side effects. Conclusion: On the basis of conventional treatment for patients with tubal obstructive infertility,Huoxue Tongguan decoction can achieve a better clinical result with few side effects,which is worthy of promotion.


A complex social investigation of food behaviour, lifestyle and societal influences impact in the health & emotional status for a Romanian high school population of teenagers were conducted using input data from Food Behavior and Lifestyle Questionnaire (FBLQ). The impact of occidental model and media information were investigated against the traditional Romanian family model. The present study show that in condition of a good knowledge about healthy eating and no important restriction of healthy food accessibility the greatest influence in food choices, eating/lifestyle pattern were exercised by the parental family (63.3%), followed by media (29.4%) and friends (19.3%). The relevance of the traditional good family model of food choices is dominant but the eating habits (frequency of breakfast, regular meal) and lifestyle (sport, walking and smocking) are already "contaminated' from media social models.


Preparation of 2-bromobenzyl phenyl sulfone (2a) (representative). A DMF solution (50 mL) of 2-bromobenzyl bromide (5.0 g, 20.0 mmol) and PhSO2Na (dihydrate, 4.80 g, 24.0 mmol) was heated at 80 °C for 12 h. After usual workup with CH2Cl2/water, the combined CH2Cl2 layer was washed with water (three times) and NaClaq, dried over MgSO4, filtered and evaporated. The crude mixture was dissolved in a small amount of CH2Cl2 by heating, and, after addition of hexane, the solution was kept in the refrigerator. 2-Bromobenzyl phenyl sulfone (2a) was obtained as colorless CHO I 2-Br (2a), 3-Br (2b), 4-Br (2c)


Nanofluids formed by adding nanoparticles into traditional fluid is a new category of heat transfer fluid.It has higher single-phase convective heat transfer performance,excellent stability and less pipe-jam and wall-abrasion.A comprehensive review for convective heat transfer experiment and enhancement model of nanofluids were presented.The experimental results,enhancement mechanisms and model of nanofluids were analyzed.The results show that the heat transfer effect of nanofluids is concerned with the characteristics of nanoparticle and base fluid.Enhancement mechanisms mainly include the increase of thermal conductivity and the change of physical properties that is induced by the movement of nanoparticles.Some existent problems and possible research subjects for further improvement of nanofluids heat transfer were suggested and discussed.


In chiral oil gelators, only 1,3 : 2,4-di-O-benzylidene-D-sorbitol (D-DBS) can form gels with alcoholic solvents. The D-DBS concentration dependence of the state in the binary system D-DBS/ethylene glycol, were studied using optical, rheological and spectral measurements. Based on the changes in the transmission and mechanical properties, two phase transition points, which depended upon the D-DBS concentration, were observed at 10 and 30 mM. The low-concentration point was the critical gel concentration. The gel was formed above 10 mM. D-DBS formed spherical domains in the gel between 10—30 mM and made continuous crystals on the entire gel above 30 mM. The aggregated structure of D-DBS in ethylene glycol was studied, utilizing electronic and circular dichroism measurements. According to the gelation, the absorption of the transition moment along the long axis of the benzene ring was red-shifted. The relative orientation changed in 10—30 mM from the hyperchromism and hypochromism of the electronic absorpti...


NASA's Van Allen Probes observed significant, long‐lived fluxes of inner belt electrons up to ∼1 MeV after geomagnetic storms in March and June 2015. Reanalysis of Magnetic Electron Ion Spectrometer (MagEIS) data with improved background correction showed a clearer picture of the relativistic electron population that persisted through 2016 and into 2017 above the Fennell et al. (2015, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014gl062874) limit. The intensity and duration of these enhancements allow estimation of decay timescales for comparison with simulated decay rates and theoretical lifetimes. We compare decay timescales from these data and DREAM3D simulations based on them using geomagnetic activity‐dependent pitch angle diffusion coefficients derived from plasmapause‐indexed wave data (Malaspina et al., 2016, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016gl069982, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018gl078564) and phase space densities derived from MagEIS observations. Simulated decay rates match observed decay rates more closely than the theoretical lifetime due to significantly nonequilibrium pitch angle distributions in simulation and data. We conclude that nonequilibrium effects, rather than a missing diffusion or loss process, account for observed short decay rates.


In this study, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polystyrene (PS) polymers, which do not form a compatible blend with each other in certain concentration ranges and are widely used on an industrial scale, were used. The concentration range in which these two polymers do not form a compatible blend were determined viscometrically, and maleic anhydride-styrene (MAS) copolymer was added as a compatibilizing agent in this concentration range. The concentration range in which the polymer pair did not form a compatible blend was determined as 1.5 and 2.0 g dL-1. In this concentration range, 5.0 and 10.0 % MAS copolymer was added to the polymer couple and its compatibilizing effect was investigated. It was determined by viscometric method that the MAS copolymer was a good compatibilizer in the range where the polymer pair did not form a compatible blend.


Rather than enjoying a good ebook when a cup of coffee in the afternoon, then again they juggled later than some harmful virus inside their computer. elementary linear algebra by howard anton 9th edition solution is affable in our digital library an online access to it is set as public consequently you can download it instantly. Our digital library saves in compound countries, allowing you to get the most less latency era to download any of our books taking into consideration this one. Merely said, the elementary linear algebra by howard anton 9th edition solution is universally compatible with any devices to read.


90 Background: Due to high expression of Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA), it's an excellent candidate for targeted molecular imaging. 89Zr-df-IAB2M is a J591 antibody derived minibody and 68Ga-PSMA-11 is a PSMA small molecule. Methods: Patients with clinically significant (defined as: ≥ 0.5 cm3 with Gleason pattern ≥ 4) localized prostate cancer (PCa) on conventional imaging modalities who planned to undergo surgery were imaged by PET/CT 1-3 hours after 5±2mCi of 68Ga-PSMA-11 injection and 89Zr-IAB2M PET 2-4 days after 10mg IAB2M labeled with 2.5 mCi of 89Zr injection. Image results were interpreted by a central reader without knowledge of the surgical pathology, mapped and the mapped findings later compared with surgical pathology map. Results: 9 patients having clinically localized PCa with median age 65 (46-79) and PSA 8.42 (1.6-12.2) were enrolled. All dominant PCa lesions, which had a median Gleason score 8 (6-9), were detected by both IAB2M and PSMA-11. The smallest of these dominant lesions was 8mm in size. Median SUVmax for dominant lesions was 3.3 (2.3-7.5) on IAB2M and 7.1 (1.6-23.2) on PSMA-11; median MR PIRADS was 4 (4-5). Of 9 Gleason 6 lesions identified on pathology, PSMA-11 detected 3 and IAB2M detected 2. Four extra-prostatic lesions in one patient were detected by both PET agents, 3 were confirmed by surgical pathology and 1 confirmed on bone scan 2 months post-op. A total of 8 lesions reported on scans were not reported by path: 3 were false positive on both scans, 3 were false positive on IAB2M scan only and 2 were false positive on PSMA-11 scan only. 5 Gleason 6 and 2 Gleason 3+4 lesions on pathology were missed by both PET agents and could be considered false negatives. Conclusions: In this small pilot series, performance of the both PET agents was very similar. An advantage of IAB2M is its hepatobiliary clearance rather than renal/urinary, which makes it potentially easier to visualize the PCa and/or pelvic disease; an advantage of PSMA-11 is the ability to image within 1 hour. Clinical trial information: NCT03675451.


Develop. Synonyms: Improve. Evolve. Create. Form. Grow. Mature. Unfold. Ripen. Change. Language matters. It simultaneously suggests possibilities and communicates boundaries. We can't think without it and with it our thinking is inevitably constrained. Why this reminder from Communications 101? Because what we call what we do affects what we do and how we do it-defines it to ourselves and others. Edward Sapir studied &dquo;The relation of habitual thought and behavior to language.&dquo; He concluded:


Reticle imaging and metrology are becoming increasingly difficult as reticle features decrease in size. This paper describes some early results of top down CD-SEM reticle imaging and metrology carried out in association with the DUV and 193 nm lithography programs at IMEC. Images of reticle features and some corresponding printed wafer patterns are presented and CD-SEM and optical measurement techniques are compared.


The main results of the development of new class of actuators/sensors, based on the application of active or smart materiais, are presented. The concept of Active Kinematic Pair with controllable structure is introduced; it allows to realise high resolution miniature actuators and manipulators with limited number of links and increased number of degrees of freedom (DOF). One of them is Robot's eye with 2 or 3 DOF, consisting only of two links - one active and one passive. It is shown that applying the idea of power and control systems separation, it is possible to design multi-degree-of-freedom manipulators using external forces, the number of which is less than the number of DOF. This idea is illustrated by schematics of trunk- or snake-like robots.


This paper presents the design and simulation of an efficient four-coil wireless power transfer (WPT) system using magnetically-coupled resonant circuits (MCRC). Simulations show that a system capable of transmitting power over a transmitter-to-receiver separation of 2m with efficiency exceeding 70% at a frequency of 100kHz.


An algorithm for subsurface localization of UWB transmitters in homogeneous dielectric media is presented. In combination with surface estimation algorithms for UWB pulse radars it allows localization behind arbitrarily shaped medium surfaces. We propose a localization system operating in the FCC UWB frequency range from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz consisting of a transmitter optimized for radiation in high permittivity media and of external radar sensors. The sensors scan the dielectric surface and also measure the time of arrival (ToA) of the signal transmitted from inside of the medium. The transmitter location is estimated by combining the measured ToA data with the knowledge about shape and position of the medium. Therefore a method to calculate wavefront refraction on the medium boundary based on the Huygens-Fresnel principle is derived. The performance of the proposed localization method is verified using electro-magnetic field simulations and measurements. The measurements have been performed with the transmitter placed in high permittivity tissue-mimicking liquid. The localization results are compared with the manually measured transmitter position showing a good agreement.


In this paper, we combine image processing and deep learning to achieve crop classification recognition. Crop detection is based on deep learning of convolutional neural networks to capture image features and determine various types of crops. Through the steps of image pre-processing, feature extraction, data augmentation, identification and classification, the crop images are identified and classified. The proposed crop species recognition system is divided into three major parts. We use image pre-processing then cut down the crop feature images, and use Efficientnet-B0 as the backbone for crop classification in this paper. The accuracy of 99.3% is obtained in crop classification recognition.


By using the linear response theory in the Matsubara formalism, the Hall viscosity of a two-orbital superconductor in the presence of a viscoelastic magnetic field is calculated. For a strontium ruthenate superconductor subjected to an external velocity, our calculations at zero temperature show the existence of a topological phase transition and the change in the van Hove singularities due to the variation of the Fermi surface. The deformed Brillouin zone carries two kinds of momentum fluxes in Sr2RuO4. This modification corresponds to a chiral-nonchiral transition for the edge states.


AIM: To investigate the role of Ca2+ - activated, delayed - rectifier and ATP sensitive K+ channel (KCa, Kdr, KATP) in airway hyperresponsiveness of asthmatic guinea pigs. METHODS: The method of recording the tone of isolated trachea rings was performed, and the changes of dose-response curves of trachea rings to histamine caused by different K+ channel blockade were investigated. RESULTS: (1) After inhibition of KCa, by tetraethylammonium (TEA) , the dose - response curve of trachea rings to histamine did not change in control group, while the maximal contraction of trachea rings to 10-4 mol/L and 10-3 mol/L histamine decreased significantly ( P 0.01) and dose-response curve shifted down significantly in asthmatic group. (2) After inhibition of Kdr. by 4 - aminopyridine (4 - AP), the maximal contraction to 10-3 mol/L histamine decreased ( P 0.05) and dose - response curve shifted down in control group, the response to 10-4 mol/L and 10-3 mol/L histamine decreased significantly (P 0.01) and dose - response curve shifted down more significantly in asthmatic group and the decrease of the latter was more significant than that in control group ( P 0.05) ; (3) The dose-response curves did not change by KATp blocker glibenclamide (Glib) in both control and asthmatic group. CONCLUSION: The depression of both KCa and Kdr might mediate the airway hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic guinea pigs, whereas the KATP doesn't take part in it.


Based on the statistics of Chongqing coal mine accident data from 2010 to 2020, the analysis was carried out from different dimensions such as accident type, time of occurrence, location, and economic type of coal mine enterprises. The analysis was compared with the national coal accident data, and the law of occurrence of coal mine accidents in Chongqing was summarized. The research results show that: in terms of accident types, the number of occurrences and deaths of Chongqing coal mine roof accident are the highest, accounting for 53.02% and 41.60% respectively. The average death toll in a single gas accident was 4.39, which is the largest number of deaths and three times the average death toll. From the point of time of occurrence, March, April, May, and October of each year are the period of frequent accidents. From the point of view of the location, the coal mining face, main tunnel and driving face are the main locations of the incident. The number of accidents and the death toll accounted for 76.02% and 73.20% respectively. From the economic type of coal mine enterprises in the coming year, the number of accidents and deaths of private coal mine enterprises accounted for 81.29% and 79.73%, occupying an absolute majority. Compared with the national coal mine death rate per million tons of coal in the same time period, the median is 8.38 times, which is much higher than the overall national coal mine accident level. In 2020, it will reach an astonishing 81.22 times, it shows to a certain extent the necessity of safe production and the inevitability of historical development for the total withdrawal of Chongqing coal mines.


Efficient quality control is a major issue for most companies. As they establish inspection systems to achieve quality and invest large amounts in these systems, inspection management problems and implementation of an efficient inspection strategy become much important. For a serial multistage process, every inspection strategy includes three decision parameters: the allocation of inspection stations, the acceptance limits and the extent of inspection. In this paper, a new solution algorithm is developed using a metaheuristic method, i.e., simulated annealing, to find the optimal inspection strategy for a serial multistage process. The total inspection cost is considered as the objective function which should be minimised. The practicality of the proposed solution algorithm is illustrated through a numerical example and the results are investigated.


Yoo Chi-Jin is the foremost Korean playwright that highly contributed to the localization realism play in Korea theater history. The studies on Yoo Chi-Jin's plays bas concentrated on the realistic plays in the early 1930s and the Post-Japan plays in the early 1940s. But the studies on Yoo Chi-Jin's plays in late 1930s showed a lower relative number. At least most researchers mainly studied the historical drama in the late 19300. This tendency of study on Yoo Chi-Jin and Yoo Chi-Jin's works bas resulted in a disproportionate effect on research orientation to Korea theater history. In order to solve these problems, I will study Yoo Chi-Jin's realistic plays in the late 1930 and will organize its significance and value in my essay.


In this paper we introduce an unsupervised learning approach for WordNet construction. The whole construction method is an Expectation Maximization (EM) approach which uses Princeton WordNet 3.0 (PWN) and a corpus as the data source for unsupervised learning. The proposed method can be used to construct WordNet in any language. Links between PWN synsets and target language words are extracted using a bilingual dictionary. For each of these links a parameter is defined that shows probability of selecting PWN synset for target language word in corpus. Model parameters are adjusted in an iterative fashion. In our experiments on Persian language, by selecting 10% of highly probable links trained by the EM method, a Persian WordNet was obtained that covered 7,109 out of 11,076 distinct words and 9,427 distinct PWN synsets with a precision of more than 86%.


Topic Maps (International Organization of Standardization [ISO 13250], 1999; 2002) are a form of indexing that describe the relationships between concepts within a domain of knowledge and link these concepts to descriptive resources. Topic maps are malleable – the concept and relationship creation process is dynamic and user-driven. In addition, topic maps are scalable and can hence be conjoined and merged. Perhaps, most impressively, topic maps provide a distinct separation between resources and concepts, thereby facilitating migration of the data models therein (Garshol, 2004). Topic map technologies are extensively employed to navigate databases of information in the fields of medicine, military, and corporations. Many of these proprietary topic maps are machine-generated through the use of context-specific algorithms which read a corpus of text, and automatically produce a set of topics along with the relationships among them. However, there has been little, if any, research on how to use cognitive notions of mental models, knowledge representation and decision-making processes employed in problemsolving situations as a basis for the design of ontologies for topic maps. This chapter will first outline the theoretical foundations in educational psychology and cognitive information retrieval that should underlie the development of ontologies that describe topic maps. The conjectural analyses presented will reveal how various modes of online interaction between key stakeholders (e.g., instructors, learners, content and graphical user interfaces), as well as the classic information processing model, mental models and related research on problem representation must be integrated into our current understanding of how the design of topic maps can better reflect the relationships between concepts in any given domain. Next, the chapter outlines a selective review of empirical research conducted on the use of topic maps in educational contexts, with a focus on learner perceptions and cognitions. Finally, the chapter provides comments on what the future holds for researchers who are committed to the development, implementation, and evaluation of topic map indexes in educational contexts.


With the present invention, a method and a control unit will be described with which the attenuation of one or more damping elements in a drivable by the driver vehicle, particularly a bicycle can be varied. thereby the driving power of the driver or his behavior is detected in accordance with the invention during operation of the vehicle to control in response to which the damping of the damping element or regulate. This is achieved that the setting of the damping as a function of a power magnitude occurs, which represents the drive power of the driver or his behavior.


Turbulence modeling plays an important role in the study of high-speed flows in engineering and aerodynamic problems; they include flows in supersonic combustion engines and over hypersonic transport aircraft. The enhancement of the kinetic energy dissipation by the dilatational terms is one of the typical compressibility effects. Zeman (1990) and Sarkar et al. (1991) proposed that the dilatation dissipation is proportional to the solenoidal dissipation and is a function of the turbulent Mach number. Sarkar (1992) also modeled the pressure-dilatation correlation using the turbulent Mach number. Zeman (1991) related the correlation to the rate of change of the pressure variance.


An approach based on expressing he Hamiltonian in terms of the relative momenta of interacting pairs allows a simple approximate solution of three body systems of Dirac particles for central interactions at low energies. This treatment is relativistic by construction of the equations at variance with existing treatments in terms of Jacobi coordinates and easily applied to n-body systems.


This paper is a review of social inclusion in the specification by central government
of policy instruments for local government. It forms part of the scooping study on
Accessibility and User Needs in Transport (AUNT) funded by the EPSRC
Sustainable Urban Environment programme. The aim of the study is to produce
rigorous methodologies to develop and test sustainable policies and practices that
will deliver effective socially inclusive design and operation in urban transport and
the public realm from the macro down to the micro level. In particular, this paper
forms part of a work package to develop a tool and modelling techniques that can be
used to identify the areas and sectors that have high levels of social exclusion, and
then facilitate the testing of policy options to assess the extent to which they meet
user needs and increase social inclusion.
The paper begins with a review of key government documents regarding social
exclusion and transport, before going on to discuss how social inclusion is
incorporated into local government transport policy.


The invention relates to shoes, in particular to an anti-pricking shoe which comprises a shoe body. The shoe body comprises a first sole, a second sole and an upper, wherein the upper is connected with the lower end of the second sole, a telescopic rod is arranged in the upper, a positioning hole and a positioning pin are arranged at the lower end of the telescopic rod, and the first sole is connected with the upper end of the telescopic rod. The anti-pricking shoe can have the effect of adjusting the height of the soles through stretching and contracting of the telescopic rod.


Chapter-Two Review of Related literature 2.0 Introduction The preceding chapter has already set the rational for this study. This chapter has systematically focused on the research works and studies, directly related to the context of the current study and thus has influenced the work of the researcher. Hence, this section critically addresses those critical presentations of some of the research works carried out both at Bangladesh and abroad in the areas of English language teaching learning practices, students' academic and professional needs, existing ESP courses, teaching materials used in the engineering institutions.


The recent development in the field of wearable electronics has increased the demand for batteries as power sources which are subjected to periodic recharging and replacement. Therefore, the next challenge is to design new systems for sustainable energy to power portable electronic devices that can be easily integrated into textiles such as thermoelectric generators that can convert waste heat into electricity. Looking at this scenario, this work shows a methodology to prepare thermoelectric textiles by electrochemical polymerization of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) on felt fabrics. The polymerization of PEDOT is carried out utilizing three different counterions, LiClO4, 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (PF6), and 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (BTFMSI) to provide a complete understanding of the role of the counterion in the thermoelectric properties. The electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient are dependent on the counterion, reaching the maximum ZT for PEDOT polymerized in presence of BTFMSI due to an improvement of carrier mobility. In addition, the manufactured textile thermoelectric device showed an outstanding power output (6.5 µW) compared to the previous devices reported to date.


A number of pyrimidine derivatives and chalconyl pyrimidines were synthesized. Their structures were elucidated by physical measurements such as IR, 1 H-NMR and MS, as well as by microanalysis of the elements. They were tested for their cytotoxicity against three cell lines such human liver carcinoma cell line (HEPG2), human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF7, and human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 and the results were encouraging for their activity on cell cycle arrest and apoptotic genes expression.


In 1902 Anton Kartashev, a Professor at the St. Petersburg state University, began participating in the St. Petersburg Religious and Philosophical Meetings (1901–1903), where the intelligentsia and the Russian Church met, and in 1914 he had become a recognized leader of the religious movement for Church reform in Russia. The beginning of his intellectual path is little known, and Kartashev's reformist thought has not yet received much attention. This was a time of reflection carried away by the "new religious consciousness" (NRC) Kartashev about what the center of Christianity is, what its possibilities are, and how it is implemented in history. His years of being among "neoChristians" formed his critical position towards the Russian Church, and his understanding of the concepts of the NRC helped to develop a philosophical view of the history of Christianity. The article explores the topics that worried Kartashev and systematizes his religious and philosophical views on the material of personal correspondence, speeches in the RFM and articles. Bringing together his speeches and statements from well-known and little-known sources leads to the conclusion that the candidate of theology Kartashev participated in the movement, having his own idea of the Church and thinking of Church reform religiously.


In the interpretation of the Bible among Christians of the Orient, i.e. in the ancient Oriental exegesis, the historical sense is relevant, as history reveals Jesus to us. He is present, as the School of Alexandria describes, in the entire Bible, on its every page, but He is not veiled by allegory – He is present through time, having its special place in the revelation of the Word. Using types and images to explain certain points in the Bible is related to the concept of theological language in which types and images inscribed in the Holy Bible play an important role in our way of talking about God. They are elements that, by definition, should form the theological discourse. Certain elements of this exegesis are similar to concepts both of the School of Antioch and that of Alexandria, although, from the point of view of its basic assumptions and axioms, it is completely different. In many aspects, it is close to Judaism against which it fights so intensely, as many of its concepts are inspired by the heritage of the Jewish Diaspora of the Middle East.


The conservation of ceramics and glass involves the repair or the restoration of broken and fragmented artefacts withpolymer adhesives and gap fillers. In the past, many different adhesives had been used. Re-restoration is often required andthe fast identification of adhesive residues on objects would be very useful to define the best of way to remove them, inparticular to avoid the use of noxious chemicals. Sixteen pottery artefacts restored during the 19th and 20th centuries at theMusee National de C´ eramique in S´ evres have been analysed by non-destructive Raman microspectroscopy. For comparison`purposes, the artefacts were also sampled in order to acquire infrared (IR) absorption spectra in KBr pellets. Modern adhesives(methyl metacrylate/acrylate, vinyl acetate, polychloroprene, methyl 2-cyanoacrylate and diglycidylether biphenol) were alsocharacterised with the same methods. IR and Raman spectra were obtained for all ancient glue residues, but among the 16analysed items, only 7 adhesives have been identified unambiguously, and an assignment proposed for 4 others solely on thebasis of the Raman signature. Copyright


It has now been two months since scandal rolled into the Happy Valley, with the news that Jerry Sandusky has been charged with 52 counts of child molestation. Much is still uncertain and yet the university, the surrounding community, and the nation as a whole remains fixated on the question of responsibility. In particular, does Penn State bear responsibility for any of the alleged acts of abuse and, if so, on what grounds? If the institution does bear responsibility, ought we to transmit that responsibility to members of the Penn State community? To which members? And what measures should Penn State undertake in response? We address each of these questions in turn. Disciplines Business Organizations Law | Civil Law | Law | Nonprofit Organizations Law | Sexuality and the Law This journal article is available at ScholarlyCommons: https://repository.upenn.edu/lgst_papers/67 Penn State and the Blame Game | HuffPost https://www.huffingtonpost.com/amy-sepinwall/penn-state-and-the-blame-_b_1191390.html 1/6 THE BLOG 01/07/2012 03:50 pm ET Updated Mar 08, 2012 Penn State and the Blame Game By Amy Sepinwall and Scott Rosner It has now been two months since scandal rolled into the Happy Valley, with the news that Jerry Sandusky has been charged with 52 counts of child molestation. Much is still uncertain and yet the university, the surrounding community, and the nation as a whole remains fixated on the question of responsibility. In particular, does Penn State bear responsibility for any of the alleged acts of abuse and, if so, on what grounds? If the institution does bear responsibility, ought we to transmit that responsibility to members of the Penn State community? To which members? And what measures should Penn State undertake in response? We address each of these questions in turn. Official Responsibility Suppose that the facts alleged in the grand jury report and at the preliminary hearing for Tim Curley and Gary Schultz several weeks ago turn out to be true: In 2002, Mike McQueary, then a graduate assistant coach and, until the scandal broke, receivers coach for the team, witnessed Sandusky sodomizing a young boy in the showers. McQueary told head coach Joe Paterno, though he apparently spared the coach the graphic details of what he witnessed out of respect and instead told the coach that he witnessed something "extremely sexual" in nature. According to Paterno's grand jury testimony that was read into the record at the preliminary hearing (the coach was excused from testifying due to his ongoing cancer treatment and recuperating from a broken pelvis), he did not push McQueary for additional information because the assistant coach was so upset. Paterno subsequently reported this information to Tim Curley, athletic director, and Gary Schultz, vice president for finance and business who was charged with overseeing the Penn State police department. Pursuant to this conversation, Curley and Schultz met with McQueary nine or 10 days later where he reiterated what he had witnessed occurring in the locker room shower between Sandusky and the victim. By the time news of the incident reached Graham Spanier, then university president, it had apparently been downgraded from sodomy to "horsing around" and "inappropriate conduct." Paterno, Curley, Schultz and Spanier admit that they alerted neither campus nor municipal police. Instead, they claim to have confiscated Sandusky's keys to the locker room, Penn State and the Blame Game | HuffPost https://www.huffingtonpost.com/amy-sepinwall/penn-state-and-the-blame-_b_1191390.html 2/6 prohibited him from bringing boys to the athletic facilities, and communicated the information they had received to the Second Mile, the charity Sandusky had founded ostensibly to help kids from disadvantaged families, and from which he is alleged to have drawn his victims. The Penn State officials' response was grossly inadequate as a matter of both law and ethics, with potentially devastating consequences: Pennsylvania law requires that a set of specified individuals, including school administrators, immediately report any suspected child abuse to the head of the institution who must, within 48 hours, convey the report to the appropriate state agency (e.g., police department or Pennsylvania Department of Public Welfare). Curley and Schultz have been charged with a failure to report in light of their violation of this provision. The moral cost of this violation may have been far greater than the mere dereliction of duty for which Curley and Schultz have been indicted and ordered held on one count each of perjury and failure to report. The grand jury presentment specifies that Sandusky victimized at least one other boy subsequent to the 2002 shower incident, and other victims have since come forward, alleging more recent acts of abuse. These purported offenses might never have occurred had Schultz et al. fulfilled their duties to report and, if these offenses did occur, moral responsibility for them must lie in part with the officials who could have, but did not, prevent them. It was incumbent upon these officials to act in a manner that afforded a reasonable belief that Sandusky would not harm other children. This they apparently failed to do. Even if they did prohibit Sandusky from bringing kids into the Penn State football complex, they did nothing that would have denied Sandusky access to future victims elsewhere. Evidently, child molestation was tolerable for these officials so long as it didn't occur on their turf. Institutional Responsibility Given that the officials in question go all the way up to the top of Penn State's chain of command, is it fair to think that their lapses render Penn State as a whole responsible for the alleged abuses occurring after 2002? Yes, if one can identify an element in Penn State's culture that explains the officials' dereliction. Two possibilities come to mind. First there is the possibility that the officials swept the information about the alleged rape under the rug because of a perceived imperative to protect their own — an imperative they Penn State and the Blame Game | HuffPost https://www.huffingtonpost.com/amy-sepinwall/penn-state-and-the-blame-_b_1191390.html 3/6 were willing to fulfill even at the expense of possible future victims of Sandusky's purported pedophilia. This would be an egregious failure, but it is hard to identify some element in Penn State's culture — even considering the hero worship that JoePa and his associates enjoyed — that produced or even permitted a sense of impunity to this degree. Less nefarious, but more damning for the institution, is the possibility that the officials believed that they were acting in the institution's best interests. This rationale for keeping the scandal under wraps would have been deeply misguided, but one can readily see how the school's relationship to the team might have enabled, if not entailed, it. The football apparatus, with Joe Paterno at its helm for the last four decades, has been credited not just with placing the team within the Big 10 but also with putting the school on the national map, taking it from an agricultural backwater to a first-class research institution, along the way, transforming a virtually non-existent endowment to one that exceeds $2 billion today. In exchange for this enhanced prominence, the school appears to have accorded the football team its own fiefdom, conferring great discretion upon its leaders and exempting it from the full force of the standard university disciplinary process. The Wall Street Journal reports, for example, that Paterno once threatened to cease fundraising for the school unless it fired Dr. Vicky Triponey, its then standards and conduct officer, who challenged Paterno's demands that football players be treated differently from other students who violated the school's code of conduct. Triponey eventually resigned as a result of the conflict. The Triponey incident may well be reflective of a more general attitude that sought to maintain the lily white image of Penn State football, given that the university relied on basking in its halo. So it is that the Penn State officials may have wanted to handle the 2002 Sandusky allegation quietly, and so it is that the institutional structure and culture would have allowed them to do so. This culture, of course, has long been thought to be endemic throughout big-time college sports regarding student-athletes and coaches involved in NCAA violations and other legal transgressions of both the minor and major variety — though rarely to this extent, and never with this much media attention. If, in keeping mum about the allegations, the officials had in fact been motivated by a desire to protect the school's image, we would have a tragic lesson in official hubris on our hands. Importantly, though, that hubris has been licensed and sustained by a culture that places football at the center of university life, and intertwines the two to the extent that the Penn State and the Blame Game | HuffPost https://www.huffingtonpost.com/amy-sepinwall/penn-state-and-the-blame-_b_1191390.html 4/6 fate of the former greatly determines the fate of the latter. Given that the university is to blame for what now appears to be excessive solicitude to the football fiefdom, and that that solicitude would have allowed a suspected child molester to continue preying on young boys, responsibility for any acts of abuse committed after 2002 must lie in part with the university as a whole.


Resolution-based automated reasoning theory is an important and active research field in artificial intelligence. It is not only used to judge the satisfiability of any logic formula, but also widely applied to areas such as artificial intelligence, logic programming, problem solving and question answering systems, database theory, and so on. With the development of classical and non-classical logic, resolution theory and method based on different logic system has been discussed widely and deeply. In the present paper, resolution-based automated reasoning theory in a six lattice-valued first-order logic is focused. This resolution principle in this paper is based on ultrafilter of lattice implication algebra. In this paper, some necessary preliminaries are given first. Then resolution principle in L/sub 6/F(X) is discussed and soundness and completeness theorem is proved. Because of L/sub 6/F(X) is a non-chain, non-boolean and non-well-ordered algebra structure, resolution based on L/sub 6/F(X) is the theoretical foundation of resolution on lattice-valued truth-field. Accordingly, the research in this paper is a helpful support for the application of intelligent reasoning system based on lattice-valued logic which includes incomparable information.


Objective To Observe antifreeze treatment to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods Choose 2007-2008 in hospital the COPD patient 56 cases,divides into the control group 24 and the observation group 32 cases according to the stochastic principle.Two groups of patient were given the oxygen uptake,the expansion bronchial tube,to dispel phlegm,conventional treatments and so on anti-SARS,the observation group add on the conventional treatment foundation with defibrinogenase enzyme 5U to dissolve in the physiological saline 100ml vein drop,every other day 1 time,altogether 14 days.Results The control group and the observation group after treatment,the cough,the expectorate,asthma,short of breath,the heart function and the state of mind and so on clinical symptoms' improvement comparison,after χ2 examination,the difference has statistics significance(P0.05).Conclusion The COPD patient has the hemoglutination function was abnormal,the antifreeze pharmacological treatment may improve the COPD patient's condition.


The purpose of this paper is to try to answer the question: what importance in Russian-EU relations had to take over by the Crimea and involve them in the destabilization of Ukraine, as well as to indicate possible scenarios for the further development of these relations. It will be necessary to analyze the relationship between Russia and the European Union before 2013, which will be devoted to the first part of the work. Then the relationship between the two entities after 2013 will be presented. It is particularly important in this case to draw attention to the consequences of the sanctions imposed by the European Union on Russia, as well as the frequency and nature of meetings and contacts between the two entities. The final part of the article is an attempt to identify possible directions for the development of relations between Russia and the European Union


Objective:To investigate the viability thresholds of penumbra with CT perfusion imaging in acute cerebral ischemia especially concentrated at time dependence of penumbra.Methods:110 Wister rats were used in this study,which were randomly divided into three groups:control group(10 rats)、ischemic group(50 rats) and reperfusion group(50 rats).The ischemic model was done with obstructing unilateral middle cerebral artery by ligation,the last two groups were sub-divided into 5 sub-groups,with 10 rats in each of them and CT perfusion was performed at 2h,4h,6h,8h,10h respectively after the ligation procedure.Furthermore,CT perfusion was performed again 24h after reperfusion for the third group(reperfusion group).Images were evaluated after examination,and the rCBF value of penumbra and the final infarct areas were measured and calculated.Then,cerebral tissues were examined by light microscope and electron microscope.Results:Penumbra included the center and marginal regions 2h,4h after,and the marginal regions 6h,8h,10h after ischemic procedure.The damage of ischemic regions were still reversible even the rCBF was as low as 0.143,as ischemia produced less than 4h.The damage could only be salvaged as rCBF0.223 when ischemia produced more than 6h;or rCBF0.271 when ischemia produced more than 10h.When ischemia lasted as 6h or more,necrotic neural cells could be revealed on light microscope or electron microscope.Conclusion:Penumbra and its viability threshold could be evaluated as well as its outcome could be predicted on CT perfusion imaging.Time dependence is significant in evaluating the viability threshold of the damaged cerebral tissue.


Theodore Brameld was a visionary philosopher of education and a prophetic reconstructionist. He devoted his career to reconceptualizing education so it could serve as an agent in building a democratic social order. He saw education as grounded in culture; its study required a partnership among anthropology, philosophy, and education, from which he defined philosophy as an effort of culture to become conscious of itself and undertake sustained explorations of the relationship between education and culture. As a methodological framework Brameld formulated and practised the theory of anthropotherapy whereby research is guided by normative consideration.