We present a data-driven forward simulation framework for the inverse design of metasur- faces that is more accurate than methods based on the local phase approximation, a factor of 104 times faster than mesh based solvers.


This study is focused on the psychoanalytical aspects of love in Romeo and Juliet which is related to the characters' desire to complete their own selves. Romeo and Juliet's love illustrates the substantial fact that the fundamental structure of love is narcissistic. This is maintained by Jacques Lacan who says the ultimate object of love is one's own ego that is organized symbolically. Romeo's relations to Rosaline and Juliet show what attracts people is the fact it is unattainable or forbidden. Originated from the forbidden love for mother in the course of socialization, love always is the missing part out of ourselves we look for all our lives. At the bottom level of Romeo's love for Juliet, for example, there is a longing for the primeval wholeness and the healing of his dissevered nature. Through Romeo's lines Shakespeare shows Romeo's fundamental object of love is his own perfect, ideal, but fantasmatic self-image. Romeo reveals unconsciously the fact his object of love is not Juliet as she truly is. In his love, he projects his own soul onto Juliet so that she acts as the "holy shrine" or "the sun" for him. Juliet's beauty, too, is the thrown back reflection of Romeo's desire that has been projected onto her. This explains the blindness of love. Because his final goal is his original intact self, his love overcomes any social obstacles. By making Romeo and Juliet's love mutual, Shakespeare let each of them experience the other as a subject of lack. Their union stops the reproduction of desire, and satisfaction and peace come upon them. Shakespeare, however, does not forget to suggest the union is an illusion. Because the essential condition for the subject is lack and separation. Although the narcissistic fantasy for perfection by the union with the beloved person finally satisfies the two lovers, it costs their lives. It ends the feud between the two families by eliminating their future. Presenting the various objective facts of love in this play, Shakespeare shows that we all are subordinate to the Oedipal structure of love.


Spiralling medical costs and escalating demand for health services are putting primary care reform firmly on the agenda for governments around the world. A more coordinated and prevention-oriented approach must be adopted now to avoid a looming crisis in health care. In Victoria, the Primary Care Partnership (PCP) Strategy aims to improve health outcomes and better manage the demand for services by functionally integrating health and community support services. This paper provides an overview of the key factors that have shaped primary care reform in the State of Victoria; the logic of the PCP Strategy; a summary of the results of the strategy after 18 months; and a critical assessment of the key challenges for the strategy in the future. The paper concludes that the strategy has already led to much stronger collaboration between agencies, more integrated service planning and emerging models for service coordination. For these achievements to translate to improved health outcomes, the systems changes being initiated by PCPs need to be translated into the way services are provided in the community. This cannot be achieved by collaboration between service providers alone. It is now time for all relevant parts of government to support PCP objectives and initiatives in the way they plan and fund services.


Some neurotrophic factors stimulate process outgrowth in peripheral and/or central nerve fibres. There is no published report that has focused on the expression of neurotrophic factors in human pancreatic cancer except basic fibroblast growth factor. This study was therefore designed to examine the mRNA and protein levels of neurotrophin‐3 (NT‐3), which is one of the representative neurotrophic factors. The mRNA level for NT‐3 was first investigated in eight pancreatic cancers and two samples of normal pancreas, using reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). NT‐3 protein expression was then studied in 47 human pancreatic cancers, using a monoclonal antibody against human NT‐3 protein. There was a notable difference in the level of NT‐3 mRNA between normal and pancreatic carcinoma tissues, with no evident difference in the expression of the β‐actin gene. Immunohistochemically, 34 of 47 pancreatic cancers (72 per cent) were mildly to markedly immunoreactive for NT‐3 in the cytoplasm. Immunoreactivity was usually more pronounced at the infiltrative margins of the tumours. These observations suggest that pancreatic carcinoma overexpresses NT‐3. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Objective To investigate the effect of xenoestrogen on uterus and ovary tissue in prepuberty rats by morphometry.Methods Forty female rats aged 6 weeks were randomly divided into experimental group(n=20) and control group(n=20).The rats in two groups were treated with estradiol benzoate(E_2B,40μg/kg) and normal sodium(NS) for 2 weeks,respectively.Uterus and ovary were ectomized under general anaesthesia with 10% chloral hydrate at 24h after the last injection,the wet weight and organ index were compared between two groups.Pathological section of uterus and ovary were conducted and analyzed by morphometry.Height of endomembrane and thickness of muscular layer of uterus,total ovarian number,ratio of atretic follicle,total ovarian follicle areas,perimeter,area density of ovarian follice and perimeter density of rats between two groups were compared.Independent-samples t test was conducted using SPSS13.0 software.Results The wet weight,organ index,height of endomembrane and thickness of muscular layer of uterus of rats in experimental group were all higher significantly than that in control goup(P0.05);The ovarian wet weight,organ index,total ovarian follicle areas,perimeter,area density of ovarian follice and perimeter density of rats in experimental group were all lower than that in control group(P0.05).Comparison of total ovarian number and density between two groups were no difference(P0.05),but ratio of atretic follicle in experimental group was increased significantly(P0.05).Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that xenoestrogen can obviously injure uterus and ovary tissue and cause abnomal sexual development in prepuberty rats.


This article describes the use of an artificial neural network (ANN) for facilitating the design and evaluation of a direct manipulation multimodal interface with force feedback. The article describes the Multimodal User Interface System (MUIS) prototyping tool, discusses the design problem, develops the conceptual basis of ANNs, and discusses the results of the experimentation protocol used for evaluating the pertinence of our approach.


In this study, the remote sensing is applied to the examination of the relationship between desertification and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in the context of northern Shaanxi Province. This relationship is also examined using spatial analysis methods. A strong negative correlation is found in the largest area desert, indicating that the relationship between desert and NDVI is not a simple linear one and that the correlation coefficient between NDVI and vegetation abundance is significant.The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was compared with other vegetation index-based methodologies. NDVI is a valuable first-cut indicator for such systems, although the analysis and interpretation of its relationship to desertification are complex and also based on the detailed analysis of its reiationship to ecological zone, vegetation type and season. Conclusions thus made would help to upgrade the methodology as an effective tool for early-warning desertification in the northern Shaanxi Province where a drought is a recurring threat. This methodology includes the integration of NDVI with other socio-economic and bio-physical indicators in GIS, the complementation of desert area data with satellite data, and the analysis of the relationship between NDVI and specific climatic zones, for each season and vegetation type.


Abstract A review is made of corrosion problems associated with butane isomerization units. In this connection, vapor-phase and liquid-phase butane isomerization are considered separately. Data rep...


The pulverizing system is an important part of the coal-fired unit; the safety
and efficient operation of which are essential to improve the economy of the units. Due to the
needs of industrial development, the pulverizing system has become increasingly complex, and it is
challenging to design the optimal controllers based on traditional model-based methods.

This paper proposes an improved intelligent data-driven control method to design the
optimal controller for the pulverizing system, which does not need any information on the model.

The proposed method is based on intelligent virtual reference feedback tuning and a new
adaptive human learning optimization algorithm, in which adaptive human learning optimization is
used to find the best values of the controller as well as the reference model to achieve the optimal
control performance. The proposed method only needs a set of input and output data of the system
and can avoid the influence of the model error.

The results of the CEC14 benchmark functions show that the proposed algorithm possesses
a better searchability than the other five binary-coding optimization algorithms. Furthermore, the
simulation results on the pulverizing system demonstrate that the presented method has advantages
over different control methods, including the model-based PID methods, Z-N method and so on.

The proposed method can easily and efficiently design the optimal controller without
any model information, and it can save a lot of efforts and time for engineering applications. Therefore,
it is a very promising control method.


Process of a construction project is knowing how much a building will cost. Like the main building, the project site facilities also require costs that are not included in the direct financing of the project. The goal is to provide detailed information on the cost of building site facilities and to serve as reference material for the preparation of RAB site facilities. Implemented in the Revetment dan Retaining Wall Harbor Benoa project, the survey it was found that this project had built a number of temporary facilities but did not clearly detail the cost requirements. The research used descriptive quantitative methods and data collection in the form of surveys, observations and interviews. Survey to measure temporary buildings at the project site and find unit prices of tools, materials and labor at shops or foremen around the project area. Observation observes the layout of the building which will be outlined in the field layout drawing.An interview with the project manager was conducted to find out the total cost of the project and the costs incurred by the contractor for construction. Data analysis using Microsoft Excel by entering all components to be analyzed. Based on the results, it is concluded that the site facilities that are built are the contractor's office, health room, motorcycle and car parking, workers' toilets, directors' and consultants' offices, LAB rooms, cement and plywood warehouses, mechanical warehouses, security and K3 posts, workers' beds, trash bins, and water reservoirs. The comparison of site facilities cost to contract is 0.253%.


As a primary goal, the aim of this study is to examine the parental self-efficacy and marital adjustment levels of the parents of disabled individuals in terms of various variables and to examine the relationship between parental self-efficacy and marital adjustment, as well. Correlational survey model was used in the research. The participants of the study are parents of disabled children attending Special Education and Rehabilitation Centers (SERC) in Edirne, Tekirdag and Istanbul in the 2019-2020 academic year. In order to collect the data of this research, the parental self-efficacy scale, developed by Guimond, Moore, Aier, Maxon & Diken (2005) and adapted to Turkish by Aksoy & Diken (2007), whose reliability study was carried out by Cavkaytar, Aksoy & Ardıc (2014) was used. Besides, the Marriage Adjustment Scale (MAS), which was developed by Locke & Wallace (1959) and adapted to Turkish by Tutarel Kıslak (1999), was also used According to the results of the research, the self-efficacy levels of the parents were found to be average; and in terms of gender variable, no significant difference was observed from the male parents considering age, monthly income level, education level and the type of disability variable of the child. In addition, marital adjustment levels of the parents were detected to be low. There was a significant difference in marital adjustment levels in favor of male parents, in favor of parents with a low-income level, and in favor of secondary school graduate parents in the educational level variable. No significant difference was observed in terms of age and the child's disability type variable. According to the results of this study, a positive relationship was observed between self-efficacy


The author discusses some of the past examples of technology transfer for consumer electronics. Historical cases are presented for investigating the key issues in transferring high-frequency technology to mass production for consumer applications. Examples of successful technology transfer of high-frequency devices at the Sony Corporation are used to illustrate these issues. The author's opinion regarding the future of high-frequency devices in consumer electronics is also presented.<<ETX>>


The purpose and goal of this research is to familiarize the general community, especially agricultural producers with the problem of fnancing the cultivation and trade of GMO and the problems Serbia is facing in the process of joining the EU. The paper uses an experimental method, the method of analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction, and presents the results which have been obtained by surveying 163 farmers from Vojvodina. The main results of this study show that, if the law so regulates, most agricultural producers agree to produce GMOs, but only if the conditions for the traditional production do not provide acceptable yield and income. The contribution of this paper is that it has shown that GMOs are such organisms that would never have been created in nature and that they actually represent a patent for certain organizations. It has also shown that there is a need for informing and educating farmers in the feld of GMOs as well as the need for further research on this topic.


One of the main directions of scientific and technical policy of Unified Energy System of Russia (RAO UES of Russia) is to introduce combined cycle plants based on gas usage while constructing new power plants and renovating the existing power plants by means of combined cycle. The performance of renovating plants will be much more economical (up to 50--58%) and ecologically clean (NO{sub x} < 50 mg/m{sup 3} at O{sub 2} = 15%).


OBJECTIVES: To test the hypothesis that selected older women with mild‐to‐moderate stress urinary incontinence (SUI) can learn to demonstrate significantly reduced urine loss in 1 week by intentionally contracting the pelvic floor muscles before and during a cough (a skill we have termed "The Knack").


ADVANCES IN THE PARTICLE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD (PFEM) FOR PROBLEMS IN SEA, EARTH AND FIRE Eugenio Oñate, Sergio R. Idelsohn, Riccardo Rossi International Center for Numerical Methods in Engineering (CIMNE) Technical University of Catalonia Barcelona, Spain www.cimne.com email@example.com The Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM) is a general numerical procedure for the analysis of problems in fluid and solid mechanics combining techniques from finite element and particle methods. The key feature of the PFEM is the use of a Lagrangian description to model the motion of the nodes in both the fluid and the solid domains. Surface nodes are viewed as particles which can freely move and separate from the main analysis domain representing, for instance, the effect of water drops or disgregated solid particles. The boundary of the analysis domain is defined at each step using the Alpha Shape method. A mesh connects the node defining the discretized analysis domain where the governing equations are solved using state of the art FEM. The PFEM is particularly suited for multidisciplinary problems in mechanics such as fluidstructure interaction situations accounting for large motions of the free surface and splashing of waves, heterogeneous fluid mixtures and non linear problems in solids accounting for large deformations with multiple frictional contacts, material fragmentation and thermal coupled effects. In the presentation a wide range of examples of application of the PFEM are shown including the study of water streams on structures accounting for erosion of the foundation, the analysis of the failure of earth dams in overtopping scenarios, the stability of harbour structures under large waves, the analysis of mixing processes in fluids, the study of the melting and burning of objects in fire and the simulation of industrial forming processes.


The heavy mineral assemblages and chemistry of detrital spinel grains from the Senonian basin of the Transdanubian Range (TR) were examined and compared with previous results from Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous successions of the Gerecse Mountains of the Transdanubian Range Unit. The heavy minerals recorded that in the area of Transdanubian Range the sedimentary cover, low-grade metamorphic and granitic rocks of the continental crust were eroded in the Coniacian and Santonian. Detritus of high-grade metamorphics was transported to the bathyal basin during Campanian time. The ophiolitic source area indicated by the presence of chrome spinel, ilmenite and magnetite still existed and persisted through the Late Cretaceous.  Compared to the low TiO2 content (lower than 0.2 wt%) of detrital spinels from Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous sediments of the Gerecse Mountains, the most characteristic features of spinels in the Senonian sediments are as follows: exceptionally high TiO2 content (about 0.5-4.7 wt%), relativ...


The 'precautionary principle', as formulated in the 1992 Rio Declaration on Environ ment and Development, calls for regulatory action in the face of serious environmental risks even in the absence of full scientific certainty. This paper traces negotiation of the principle at the Rio Conference, and its history in Europe from 1969 Swedish legislation to the latest directives of the European Union. As illustrated by recent court cases from Germany and France, in particular (on nuclear power plants, electro magnetic fields, and genetically modified organisms), judicial interpretation of the principle has tended to be restrictive. Future law making in this field is likely to focus on public access to environmental risk information, and on the development of new 'right to know' instru ments such as mandatory product labelling and transnational pollutant release inven tories, an area where Europe can still learn from North American experience.


Aims To assess cutaneous thermal and pain thresholds in upper and lower limbs in neurologically asymptomatic children and adolescents, and to study the relationships of clinical parameters and these sensory thresholds in subclinical diabetic neuropathy.


We have developed a top free type magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) patterning technique that involves tunnel barrier etching with enough time margins for chemical assisted ion etching (CAIE). The approximately 1 nm thick tunnel barrier enables stopping the etching process in a shorter time margin. We have found that no aluminum-oxide barrier shorting by re-deposition occurred in chlorine based CAIE, when the etching depth into anti-ferromagnetic IrMn layer was less than 5 nm. The magnetoresistance (MR) ratio of the whole MTJ patterns reached 35% on a 6-inch wafer. The time margin of the etching was 120 s, which is long enough for an magnetic random access memory (MRAM) process.


The technical and economic practicability of a solar energy pavement heating system for use in snow, slush and ice control on airport runways, taxiways and ramps is discussed. The preliminary design considers the winter climate, the air traffic density and the operating and total system costs. Cost comparison between a solar, electrical and a steam fired system are given together with a "SNOP" number which is unique to each airport. Through use of the "SNOP" number, each airport management can predict when the practicality of a solar system should be considered.


A Langley‐developed field acoustic measurement system has been extensively employed to support the NASA aircraft and rotorcraft flight noise research programs since the early 1980s. The system was first successfully used in the NASA Forward Flight Effects on Turbofan Noise program. Starting from the late 1980s, driven by the increased demand on expanded measurement capabilities for rotorcraft flight noise, an advanced field measurement system development program was initiated to support the rotorcraft flight noise measurement, reduction, and prediction. The paper reviews the three major stages of this extensive development program: the analog measurement system stage, the digital measurement system stage, and the digital remote acquisition and storage system stage. The data processing technology associated with these different stages of the system will be presented. The paper will discuss the research drivers for the measurement system development, the development strategy used to meet the system requirem...


We investigated the summer habitat occupied by populations
of young-of-the-year wild and stocked (farmed populations released into the native range) Atlantic salmon under allopatric and sympatric conditions. Under allopatric conditions, farmed and wild salmon occupied habitats with the same characteristics. The salmon preferentially occupied the riffle areas. However, under sympatric conditions, the fish occupied meso- and micro-habitats with different characteristics. Wild salmon avoided habitats used by farmed salmon and preferred glide areas with considerable vegetation cover. This study suggests that differences in the pattern of habitats used by young Atlantic salmon were both size- and origin-dependent and may result from intra-species competition between farmed and wild populations. Given that stocking with farmed Atlantic salmon is carried out intensively to enhance recreational angling or to conserve salmon populations, this study warns that this can have a negative impact on the extant wild Atlantic salmon population.


The conductivity and vapor pressure data of the system calcium-oxide–sulphur-dioxide–water presented in an earlier paper have been used to calculate ionic concentrations existing in this system, in the temperature and pressure range investigated. Two methods of calculation have been employed, one depending on the combination of vapor pressure and conductivity data, and the other, on conductivity data. For both, recourse was had to the data of Campbell and Maass on the system sulphur-dioxide–water. These methods gave results that are in good agreement with each other. The existence of a complex CaSO3.Ca(HSO3)2 was deduced.Hydrogen ion concentrations over the concentration and temperature range investigated have been calculated and extrapolations made to higher temperatures. These are presented in tabular form. Apart from the theoretical interest, it is pointed out that these results are of value in connection with studies of the delignification of wood by calcium-oxide–sulphur-dioxide–water solutions.


Using the method of shadow photography, the disperse composition and the structure of the gas-drop flow when used crankcase oil is sprayed with a high-speed jet of heated air were investigated. In a wide range of regime parameters, the droplet size distributions were obtained. The gas temperature range and the distance from the nozzle at which the preferred droplet size in the flow is up to 20 μm were determined for the specified values of air pressure and fuel consumption.


REPORTS OF 2,754 FATAL ACCIDENTS THAT OCCURRED IN 1968 ON OF THE INTERSTATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM WERE ANALYZED FROM POLICE INVESTIGATION REPORTS OBTAINED FROM THE STATES. THESE ACCIDENTS WERE DIVIDED INTO TWO BROAD CATEGORIES FOR ANALYSIS: THOSE INVOLVING A SINGLE VEHICLE, AND THOSE INVOLVING TWO OR MORE VEHICLES. THE SINGLE-VEHICLE ACCIDENTS ACCOUNTED FOR TWO-THIRDS OF THE TOTAL. PEDESTRIAN ACCIDENTS ACCOUNTED FOR MORE THAN 7 PERCENT OF THE ACCIDENTS. THESE 2,754 ACCIDENTS RESULTED IN 3,326 FATALITIES OR 1.21 DEATHS PER ACCIDENT. SINGLE-VEHICLE ACCIDENTS RESULTED IN AN AVERAGE OF 1.14 FATALITIES PER ACCIDENT, WHICH CORRESPONDED TO 1.35 FATALITIES PER ACCIDENT IN MULTIPLE-VEHICLE ACCIDENTS. HEAD-ON COLLISIONS CAUSED BY WORNG-WAY DRIVERS PRODUCED THE HIGHEST FATALITY RATE, 1.76 PER ACCIDENT. MEANS SUGGESTED BY THE NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL WERE USED TO ESTIMATE THE ECONOMIC LOSS IN FATAL ACCIDENTS. THE FATAL ACCIDENTS ARE TABULATED BY LIGHT CONDITIONS AND ACCIDENT ENVIRONMENT. MORE THAN FOUR-FIFTHS OF THE DRIVERS PRIMARILY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE FATAL ACCIDENTS WERE MALES. HOWEVER, MALES CONSTITUTED 58.5 PERCENT OF ALL LICENSED DRIVERS. THE AVAILABLE REPORTS INDICATED THAT 23.6 PERCENT OF THE DRIVERS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ACCIDENTS HAD BEEN DRINKING. A SUMMARY OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SINGLE-VEHICLE ACCIDENTS IS PRESENTED IN A TABLE.


Objective: ACE2 in addition to be the counterregulatory enzyme in RAS system is the entry point of SARS-CoV-2 Several studies have reported its protective role in SARS-CoV-2-induced Acute Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and a relationship between Rho kinase (ROCK), ARDS and increased ACE2 levels induced by ROCK inhibitors Cells' ACE2 expression is in two different immunoreactive forms, glycosylated and unglycosylated, but only the glycosylated is associated with viral binding ACE2-glycosylation is driven by the acidic pH of intracellular endosomes/lysosomes/Golgi vesicles and this represents the rational to the prophylactic/therapeutic use of antimalarial drugs as hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine weak bases that increase the pH of vesicles, which leads to the production of unglycosylated ACE2 and therefore reduction/inhibition of viral binding Gitelman's and Bartter's syndrome patients (GS/BS) (rare genetic tubulopathies) have activated RAS, high Ang II yet normotension/hypotension, metabolic alkalosis increased and related ACE2 and its product Ang 1-7 levels, reduced ROCK activity therefore may provide information on the protective role of increased ACE2 levels and ROCK inhibition This study has assessesed the impact of COVID-19 on GS/BS Design and method: We performed a telephone survey on more than 100 GS/ BS from the hotspots of COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Italy (Veneto, Lombardia Emilia Romagna) COVID-19 prevalence in the general population was obtained from Civil Protection's official data and the estimated prevalence from published data 95% CI values processed with Clopper-Pearson method using Rsoftware Results: None of GS/BS reported infection/symptoms of COVID-19, which was statistically not signi ficant vs the prevalence of COVID-19 in the general population in the Italian hotspots due to the low prevalence of GS/ BS (rare diseases) (95% CI 0 0-3 0% vs 0 65%, 95% CI 0 6-0 7%) It becomes signi ficant vs the estimated prevalence in the general population in the hotspot regions (8 7%, 95% CI 8 7-8 8%, (C2), p=0 004) Conclusions: GS/BS might serve as a human model of increased ACE2 for exvivo mechanistic investigation on viral binding;provide additional evidence on the absence of high ACE2 levels-increased risk of COVID-19;demonstrate that suspension of treatments with ACE inhibitors/ARBs, which increase ACE2 expression to reduce the risk of infection is not rationale


Patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension are at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Tight blood-pressure control significantly reduces this risk, but is often difficult to achieve. Furthermore, some antihypertensive agents adversely affect glucose and lipid metabolism. The ALPINE (Antihypertensive treatment and Lipid Profile in a North of Sweden Efficacy evaluation) Study compared the metabolic effects of conventional antihypertensive therapy, using a diuretic with a b-blocker as needed, with those of more modern antihypertensive therapy using an AT1-receptor blocker with a calcium antagonist as needed. In this study, 392 patients, most of whom (94%) had never previously been treated with antihypertensive drugs, were randomised to receive hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg alone or with atenolol 50–100 mg, or candesartan cilexetil 16 mg alone or with felodipine extended-release 2.5–5 mg, for 1 year. No cross-over between the randomised treatments was allowed. Most patients needed combination therapy to reach target blood pressure. Hydrochlorothiazidebased treatment significantly increased fasting serum insulin and plasma glucose, compared with candesartan-based treatment, which had no apparent effect on these variables. Triglycerides increased, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased, to a greater extent with hydrochlorothiazide than with candesartan. Eight hydrochlorothiazide-treated patients developed diabetes, compared with one in the candesartan group (P = 0.03). The incidence of metabolic syndrome was higher in the hydrochlorothiazide group (18 vs. 5, P = 0.007), despite similar blood-pressure reductions. Thus, diuretic and b-blocker-based antihypertensive therapy has an adverse metabolic profile, whereas treatment with an AT1-receptor blocker and a calcium antagonist is metabolically neutral.


The present work is aimed at developing an axial symmetric thermal analysis model for designing the hot-zone of a silicon crystal growth furnace. An analysis model is developed which can be used to predict the approximate pulling rate and power consumption during silicon crystal growth process when utilizing the Czochralski (CZ) method. In addition, the effectiveness of this analysis model is experimentally confirmed.Copyright © 2012 by ASME


Funding: This work was carried out at a centre supported by the National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre. BTS was supported by the Spanish Foundation of Rheumatology (FER). CW and VR were supported by LUPUS UK. CW is supported by Versus Arthritis Clinical Research Fellowship 21992. VR is supported by the Louise Gergel Fellowship. TM was supported by MRC grant MR/P017371/1.


At Japanese schools, career guidance has been criticized due to teachers placing too much emphasis on passing the entrance exam or getting a job offer. After career education started in 2004, because many teachers misunderstand 'career' means occupation, another problem has been pointed out that teachers place too much emphasis on only finding one's dream job without providing any instruction in means or methods to students. As a result, Japanese schools or teachers place low priority in assisting students in career development. In this study, we explain what type of assistance should be introduced for student career development and also argue how teachers can assist students in achieving 'social and vocational independence,' which is the goal of Japanese career education. Four educational psychologists carried out research in career decision making, time perspective, self-efficacy, and gender, respectively. In the final section, based on a discussion of the four researchers, suggestions are proposed for career guidance and career education in the future.


We consider a noncoercive elliptic problem in a bounded domain with a power nonlinearity and measure data. It is known that the problem possesses a stable solution and we prove existence of three further solutions. The proof is based on uniform bounds of global solutions of the corresponding parabolic problem and on a topological degree argument.


THE CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH ZONE PAINTS FOR HIGHWAYS ARE USED, SUGGEST THAT THE FOLLOWING ARE THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTORS INVOLVED, AND ARE THE ONES FOR WHICH VARIOUS LABORATORY TESTS ARE ESSENTIAL IN SELECTING PAINT FOR SUCH SERVICE: (1) CONSISTENCY, (2) SPREADING RATE, (3) HIDING POWER (OPACITY), (4)DRYING TIME, (5) LIGHT RESISTANCE, (6) VISIBILITY (DAY AND NIGHT), AND (7) DURABILITY (RESISTANCE TO WEATHER AND ABRASION). THE SUGGESTED TYPES OF APPARATUS FOR THESE TESTS ARE REVIEWED.


Visual inspecting of airplanes is one of the most crucial and complex task of airplanes service. Inspecting of airplanes is very important, since it allows to prevent aviation accident. Airplane hull inspection mainly is conducted by humans, resulting in time consuming, inefficiencies of human inspection and dangers to workers. An automated approach to perform the inspection is more preferable. In this paper an automated solution that can be implemented in a hangar conditions or at airfield is suggested. The solution represents a group of a robot-manipulator on a mobile platform and a cable-driven robot. The mobile robot is needed to perform inspecting of the plane's bottom, the cable-driven robot with special tools is needed in order to implement visual inspection of the plane's top. This study focuses on the development of a light-weight and rapidly deployable cable-driven robot. The system kinematics, dynamics, and cable tension analysis are described in the article. A simplified prototype of the light-weight rapidly deployable cable-driven robot has been developed. The model of the robot consists of low weight aluminum frame, four motors attached with pulleys, four cables, and a platform, which is a base for a tool installation. A low number of parts and light weight of the robot ensure its easy transportation, as well as quick installation and dismantling.


Abstract Today, first inter-organizational tracking & tracing systems facilitate timely identification and handling of disruptions along the supply chain. However, these systems typically operate at SCM and ERP level and therefore lack knowledge and control over production processes. This paper bridges the gap between logistics and production IT by proposing a novel architecture for coupling the manufacturing operations as defined in IEC 62264 with an EPCIS-compliant real-time tracking & tracing system. The system leverages logic-based complex event processing for detecting critical disruptions in the supply chain and initiates rescheduling of production. It is shown that in the presence of unexpected events the rescheduling algorithm minimizes delays and inventory costs while avoiding "nervous schedules" caused by frequent changes. As proof of concept a reference implementation of the architecture is realized within a discrete production line.


This paper tries to identify the root causes of frequent distribution transformers failure (DTF) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, specifically, at East Addis Ababa Region (EAAR). The utility divides Addis Ababa into four regions; east, west, north and south. Part of the data is collected from EAAR office and the other part by directly visiting the sites. In the region, 89 transformers have burnt down between July 2018 to June 2019. It is likely that similar problems could exist in the other regions of the city as well. During the study, DTF causes have been investigated, including the effect of weather in the different seasons of the year, manufacturers, loading, etc. Problems have been identified and solutions are proposed for the utility to apply.


The perils of a purely adaptationist view of evolution were emphatically pointed out by Gould and Lewontin (1979), who argued that a holistic approach to organisms is more appropriate. A central focus of such holism is the importance of developmental constraints in evolution, and the search for such constraints has become of major importance in evolutionary biology (e.g., Maynard Smith et al., 1985). As increased attention is focused on development, however, it is essential that we do not discard the enrichment of evolutionary biology that the adaptationist perspective provides. As Mayr argued so clearly (1983 p. 329), "the student of adaptation has to sail a perilous course between a pseudoexplanatory reductionist atomism and stultifying nonexplanatory holism." As a contribution towards a more holistic approach, Gould et al. (1985) examined chirality and the shape of shells in species of Cerion. A remarkable feature of gastropods is the rarity of sinistral forms. As pointed out by Gould et al., this rarity need not be due to sinistrality itself, since sinistral individuals differ in additional ways from their dextral conspecifics. Contrary to the commonly held view, sinistral shells are not simply mirror images of dextrals; they differ in the shape of the shells in apparently consistent ways. Consequently, explanations of the rarity of sinistrals must take into account the possible significance of such "rules of form," rather than considering chirality alone. Although Gould et al. (1985) focused their analysis on rare sinistral forms in Cerion, they also examined Crampton's (1916, 1932) data on sinistral and dextral Partula suturalis and P. otaheitana. In both species, sinistral shells tend to be wider for a given length than their dextral conspecifics, providing another example of a consistent association of shape with chirality. While revealing these associations, however, Gould et al. (1985) did not combine their contribution towards holism with a consideration of the evidence for the adaptive significance of the correlated traits. If we are "to understand evolution as an interaction of inherited structure with immediate context" (Gould et al., 1985 p. 1378), we must consider the extent to which developmentally related traits can evolve independently. To this end, I have extended the analysis of chirality in P. suturalis. In addition to demonstrating a pleiotropic association of shell shape with the direction of coil, this paper focuses on two points which are relevant to the question of the usefulness of an adaptationist perspective: first, there is a decoupling of the evolution of chirality and shell shape, indicating that the association of these traits within populations does not constrain their evolution; second, there is strong evidence that the rarity of variation in chirality is the result of selection against rare types, and not the result of associated morphological traits.


In many applications, e.g., safety, security, biology, medicine, and pattern recognition, it is rare that a single variable is sufficient to represent all aspects of activity, risk, or response. Since complex systems tend to be neither linear, nor hierarchical in nature, but correlated and of unknown relative importance, the assumptions of traditional multivariate statistical methods can often not be justified on theoretical grounds. Establishing validity through empirical validation is not only problematic, but also time consuming. This paper proposes the use of u-statistics for scoring multivariate ordinal data and a family of simple non-parametric tests for analysis. The scoring method is demonstrated to be applicable to scoring profiles of Olympic medals, adverse events of different severity, and side effects of different category. It is then applied to identifying determinants (genomic pathways) that best correlated with complex responses to an intervention (treatment of psoriasis).


The Salsa20 stream cipher was designed by Bernstein in 2005 as a candidate for eSTREAM and Salsa20/12 was accepted in the eSTREAM software portfolio in 2008. In this paper, we present an improved related-cipher attack on Salsa20. If a secret key is used in Salsa20/12 and Salsa20/8 with 2 different <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$IVs$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, we can recover the 256-bit secret key with time complexity of about 2193.58, which improves the existing attack by a factor of 230.42. To the best of our knowledge, this is the best related-cipher attack on Salsa20 so far. Furthermore, we build a binary integer optimization model to search for the best related-cipher attack on Salsa20. The results show that our attack is the best related-cipher attack on Salsa20 in this model.


[Objective] To understand the sanitary condition of drinking water of rural primary and middle schools in Baokang County of Hubei province,provide the scientific basis for decision-making by government and education departments.[Methods]According to the Standard Examination Methods for Drinking Water(GB/T 5750-2006),58 water samples collected from rural primary and middle schools were tested.[Results]The unqualified items were mainly the bacteriological indexes,total hardness,turbidity and so on.There was significant difference in qualified rate of water quality between township central schools and village primary schools(P0.05).[Conclusion]The qualified rate of drinking water of rural primary and middle schools in Baokang County was low.The hidden danger existed in drinking water should be eliminated,so as to ensure the drinking water safety of rural students.


Abstract Introduction: Paget's disease of the bone is characterized by excessive osteoclastic bone resorption followed by formation of disorganized bone; which is often focal. Bone pain and deformities are common features and it often leads to complications such as pathological fractures, deafness or neurologic deficits. Elevated bone turnover markers and alkaline phosphatase reflect ongoing exaggerated bone resorption and osteoblastic activity. We present an unusual scenario of post-menopausal osteoporosis and Paget's disease occurring in the same patient. Clinical Case: 86-year-old female with history of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Hypothyroidism, degenerative joint disease of lumbar spine with prior interbody fusion and laminectomy was referred to our clinic by Orthopedics for evaluation of newly diagnosed Paget's disease. 2 months ago, she noticed severe right hip pain limiting daily activities. She denied any history of falls, fractures or family history of Paget's. Physical exam was notable for tenderness to right sacro-iliac joint and right femoral trochanteric region. Work up included MRI of Lumbar spine and Pelvis, Pelvis X-ray, DEXA scan and routine blood work. Interestingly, her DEXA scan showed T score of +2.9 in Right hip and -3.1 in Left hip. On Pelvis X-ray cortical thickening, coarse trabecula and osteoarthritic changes were noted in right femur and hip, consistent with Paget's disease. Left femur showed strikingly thinner cortices compared to the right, due to underlying osteoporosis. MRI of lumbar spine and pelvis was consistent with polyostotic Paget's involving L3-L5, Sacrum and Right femur. Nuclear bone scan showed areas of uptake including anterior calvarium, lumbar spine, right hip, right femur, 8th rib, left mid tibia and 1st metatarsal of left foot. Since the distribution of uptake seemed atypical for Paget's, a skeletal survey was obtained which was negative for bone lesions suggestive of malignancy. Laboratory testing revealed serum calcium 9.8mg/dL(8.4–10.2), 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D 30ng/dL(20–30), PTH 45.6pg/mL (15–65), Alkaline Phosphatase 370U/L (35–104), Procollagen I intact N-terminal 516mcg/L (16–96) and N-Terminal Telopeptide (NTX) 126.4 nM BCE (6.2–19). Patient received one dose of IV Zoledronic acid with modest improvement in hip and lower back pain. She continues to take Calcium carbonate 600mg twice daily and vitamin D3 1000IU once daily. We plan to see her in follow up in 3 months with repeat levels bone turnover markers. Conclusion: This is a unique case of Paget's disease and osteoporosis, two very different diseases of metabolic bone disorder spectrum found in one patient. Treatment of Paget's disease is indicated for pain reduction, prevention of fractures and deformities and to prevent disease progression in weight bearing areas. Bisphosphonates can target pathology of both diseases by reducing osteoclastic bone resorption.


Written over a span of more than six decades, the 12 stories in The Last Word constitute Greene's first new collection of stories in 20 years. h and brooding consciousness are everywhere on these pages".--Chicago Tribune.


The paper explores "semi-open-book examinations" that as a new test method in recent years,in a comprehensive analysis of the practice "Automatic Control Theory" using this method of examination for many years,on the pros and cons of such a test method was discussed in detail.


1. Unsurprising Events It's 1960, and a woman onscreen disrobes and steps into a motel shower. Behind the curtain a shadow appears, arm raised, knife in hand. As the signature moment in one of the most iconic works in film history, the shower scene cements Psycho's status as a quintessential film historical event, indeed one of the defining media historical events of the twentieth century. Not only did Psycho indisputably change the course of cinema history, it changed the way people took showers. Psycho transformed the atmosphere of the ordinary. Fast forward to the twenty-first century. As Jacques Derrida says, "an event implies surprise, exposure, the unanticipatable." While Derrida's words aptly evoke Psycho's historical reputation, they don't really describe my students' reactions to the film. Instead, they report feeling, in a word, unsurprised. Although these blasé reactions may be attributed to a number of factors, I am only interested in one possibility: something has happened to the event itself. But, first, I want to ask why so many digital media artworks employ Psycho only to undo its spine-tingling sensationalism. This question requires attending to another, more recent shift in the atmosphere of the ordinary: the saturation of contemporary life by digital media. This story


The invention discloses an auxiliary anti-tumor traditional Chinese medicine preparation containing Brazilian ginseng. The auxiliary anti-tumor traditional Chinese medicine preparation is characterized in that a traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation is prepared from Brazilian ginseng and other Chinese medicinal herbs by adopting a modern preparation technology under the guidance of Chinese medicine theories. The compound preparation comprises the following prescriptions: Brazilian ginseng, geckos, spreading hedyotis herb, astragalus and tangerine peel, and the weight ratio of medicinal materials is (5-100):(5-100):(5-100):(5-100):(2.5-50). Proved by animal in-vivo experiments, a preparation medicinal material extract disclosed by the invention can be used for enhancing the inhibition effect of an anti-tumor medicament namely cyclophosphamide on S180 and H22 solid tumors of mice, and can be used for reducing the influences of cyclophosphamide to immune organs of the mice.


VICTORIAN STUDIES groupings. These types of relationships have come under scrutiny over the last two decades, but, as Miller notes, much work remains to be done in order to create a more complete picture of how religious faith, practice, and politics shaped modern Ireland. One should, however, make the further observation that much work remains to be done on how these relationships shaped Ireland's place vis-à-vis the other constituent parts of the United Kingdom that retained established churches after the Church of Ireland lost its standing in 1869. In bringing this collection to print, Geary and Kelleher have performed a genuine service to those with an interest in nineteenth-century studies. Whether readers scrutinize only those essays that pertain most directly to their own fields of interest or read the work in its entirety, they will surely benefit from the encounter. Most important, those wishing to pursue future work will learn a great deal about the state of research at the turn of the twenty-first century and about the lacunae that warrant investigation. Timothy G. McMahon Marquette University


The search for the missing link between the Enlightenment and the French Revolution is virtually as old as the Revolution itself. In the 1 790s, when political struggle engendered a host of real and imagined conspiracies, spokesmen of diverse parties perceived direct, personal connections between lumieires and the transformation of pouvoirs: Condorcet, for the revolutionaries, claimed the Revolution as a victory for the "friends of reason,"' whereas, on the counterrevolutionary side, the abbe Barruel charged that the philosophes and their equally subversive allies had masterminded a plot against the legitimate authority of the Old Regime. Two centuries of scholarship has exploded the argument for a Revolutionary conspiracy, but it has not produced a satisfactory substitute account. Indeed, although the debate over the relationship between the Enlightenment and the French Revolution, like the debate over the Weber thesis, has passed into the pantheon of great controversies to which the D. C. Heath series devotes one of its volumes,2 scholars have been showing signs of fatigue and frustration


This studies is primarily based totally at the concept that one of the elements that impact the emotional intelligence of a person is through memorizing the Qur'an. Emotional intelligence has an crucial position in human life. Emotional intelligence is a factor that determines the steps in human life to achieve perfection in life. This observe targets to decide the impact of memorizing the Qur'an at the emotional intelligence of college students on the Amuntai Al-Qur'an High School. The kind of studies used is survey studies with a quantitative approach. The populace on this observe have been college students majoring in Arabic Language Education semester II, IV and VI.Samples taken by proportional random sampling technique, a number of 30 students. data collection techniques using a questionnaire. The data analysis technique uses simple linear regression. The results showed that there was an effect of memorizing the Qur'an on students' emotional intelligence, namely the value of T arithmetic with T table, namely T count of 3.757 while T table of 2.048. Which memorization of the Qur'an influence a person's emotional intelligence. So in this study, it is hoped that it will contribute greatly to the memorizers of the Qur'an so that they are motivated to improve their memorization and of course will increase their emotional intelligence. In addition, this research is also expected to be a source of information for other researchers to examine more deeply and in detail about this problem, of course with a larger scope or scope.


Considering the requirements of aberration and athermalized aberration,the concept of double harmonic diffractive element(HDE)was put forward based on the HDE.An infrared athermalized optical system that consists of two kinds of infrared materials composed AMTIRI and Ge was designed with work dual-band of 3~5μm and 8~12μm and the large relative aperture of 1.2.This system had stable performance in the range of(-40~+60)℃,was able to be applied in the dual-band staring focal plane array detector with the pixel size of 25μm and the number of pixel 640×480,and could distinguish the goals in 3mwhen the role of distance was 2km.It retained the unique properties of common diffractive lens,and could obtain the same focal power in a series of separate wavelength.So,it can greatly improve the diffraction efficiency of each band.


Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of detecting measles virus(MV) antigen from spu tum in children's measles virus infected cases by Indirect Immunofluorescence as say(IFA). Methods:86 patients diagnosed clinically were enrolled in this study. In all the cases MV antigen in the sputum were examined with IFA and serum Ig M antibody with ELISA(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) in different periods,and MV antigen in the sputum was also examined with IFA in 30 patients of acu te respira tory infection, to compare and analyze the results. Results:Among 86 cases within seven days , the positive rates o f IFA detection antigen and ELISA detection antibody were 97.1% and 16.2%,res pec tively; while IFA 33.3%, ELISA 88.9%, P0.01 seven days later. The correlation coefficient between the positive rate of IFA detectio n antigen a nd detection time was -0.91, P=0.02; ELISA 0.97, P =0.04. MV antigen detection was negative in thirty control specimens . The sp ecificity and sensitivity of IFA to detect MV antigen were 100% and 96.2%,respe ctively. Conclusion:The positive rate is high in detecting the antigen of MV at early stage of measles. It is negatively correlated between positive d etection rate and checking time. IFA is early quickly specific and sensitive l ab detection method in diagnosis of MV infection .


: Stress and immune responses were studied in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus under both conditions of self-feeding and scheduled feeding. Self-feeding fish had a significantly lower cortisol level in their blood plasma than that of scheduled feeding fish. Furthermore, skin color was found to be paler in the self-feeding fish compared with that of the scheduled feeding fish. Thus, the self-feeding fish had a less stressful physiological status than the other experimental fish. Immunological analyses revealed that the self-feeding fish significantly exceeded the scheduled feeding fish in the phagocytic activity of their macrophages, antibody production, and the number of blood-circulating lymphocytes. The higher immune responses of self-feeding fish seem to be attained through a less stressful environment. This self-feeding behavior could be exploited to create reduced stress for disease control in fish farming.


Received: 2Received: 20 Oct 2017 Accepted: 17 Mar 2018 : 2018 21 July1414 Abstract Introduction: In most orthodontic patients, mandibular 3 rd molars are in early stages of calcification, and prediction of eruption status would be difficult during the course of orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of first premolar extraction with moderate anchorage on angular changes of third mandibular molar after orthodontic treatment. Materials & Methods: Panoramic radiographs of 50 skeletal class I patients with normal facial height were selected. The patients were divided into two groups of extraction and non-extraction treatments. The angle between 2 nd and 3 rd molars and 3 rd molar angle to mandibular plane were evaluated. Space for eruption of 3 rd molar and 3 rd molar position relative to ramus were evaluated with regard to Pell and Gregory classification. Paired T-test was used to compare the changes after treatments. Results: In both groups, 3 rd molar angle relative to mandibular plane was increased after the treatment but the difference was not significant. M2-M3 angle changed during the treatments but it was not significant (P>0.05). The retromolar space had significantly higher amounts in extraction groups after the treatment (P<0.001). In non-extraction group, there was significant increase in stage I of Pell and Gregory classification (P<0.001). In extraction group, counts of patients with no space for eruption of M3M were decreased and the difference was significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: Extraction of premolars did not have any significant positive effect on mandibular 3 rd


The potential of the folic acid biosynthesis pathway as a target for the development of antibiotics has been clinically validated. However, many pathogens have developed resistance to these antibiotics, prompting a reevaluation of potential drug targets within the pathway. The ydaH gene of Alcanivorax borkumensis encodes an integral membrane protein of the AbgT family of transporters for which no structural information was available. Here we report the crystal structure of A. borkumensis YdaH, revealing a dimeric molecule with an architecture distinct from other families of transporters. YdaH is a bowl-shaped dimer with a solvent-filled basin extending from the cytoplasm to halfway across the membrane bilayer. Each subunit of the transporter contains nine transmembrane helices and two hairpins that suggest a plausible pathway for substrate transport. Further analyses also suggest that YdaH could act as an antibiotic efflux pump and mediate bacterial resistance to sulfonamide antimetabolite drugs. Disciplines Biological and Chemical Physics | Medicinal-Pharmaceutical Chemistry | Other Chemistry | Physical Chemistry Comments This article is from Nature Communications 6 (2015): 60, doi:10.1038/ncomms7874. Posted with permission. Rights This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Authors Jani Reddy Bolla, Chih-Chia Su, Jared A. Delmar, Pattathil Radhakrishnan, Nitin Kumar, Tsung-Han Chou, Feng Long, Kanagalaghatta R. Rajashankar, and Edward Yu This article is available at Iowa State University Digital Repository: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/physastro_pubs/166


Electro-hydraulic brake system has many advantages. It provides improved braking performance and stability functions. It also removes complex mechanical parts for freedom of design, improves maintenance requirements and reduces unit weight. However, the EHB system should be dependable and have back-up redundancy in case of a failure. In this paper, the model-based fault diagnosis system is developed to monitor the brake status using the analytical redundancy method. The performance of the model-based fault diagnosis system is verified in real-time simulation. It demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed system in various faulty cases.


The way to communicate our idea we have is using language. Language takes an important role in the communication where people need to use their background knowledge of the language to share their ideas. By having strong knowledge of language, people will share the ideas easily. The obstacles of transferring ideas sometimes is from the limitation of the language we have. There are two ways of transferring our ideas; speaking and writing. If someone has a few knowledge of the language, it will be quite hard to express what he has. Based on this phenomena, the research wants to find out how well the students of the English Education Study Program have mastered the English Past Tenses and applied the knowledge of the English Past Tenses in writing Recount Text.
The study investigated how the knowledge of the English Past Tenses is applied in the Recount Text. This is kind of Descriptive Qualitative Research where the Interpretive Analysis was used to explain the phenomenon found by the researcher. The instrument was 100 numbers of Multiple Choice Test Items. There were 25 Past Simple Tenses, 25 Past Continuous Tense, 25 Past Perfect Simple Tense, and 25 Past Perfect Continuous Tense. The researcher also took the Recount Text compositions made by the Writing I-C students of English Education Study Program Widya Mandala Catholic University 2014/2015.
To make sure the instrument was such a good test, the researcher needed to validate and find the reliability of it. The researcher used Rank Different Correlation Coefficient to get the validity of the test and the result was 0.75. It means there is a good or probably almost perfect relationship between the mastery of the English Past Tenses and the application of the English Past Tenses. KR21/Kuder-Richardson formula 21 also used by the researcher to find out the validity of the test. It is used because the researcher only gave single administration of a single form of a test. The result of the KR21 was 0.941 meaning the test has high reliability.
After analyzing the result of the mastery and the application of the English Past Tenses of the students, the researcher found out that the knowledge the students have plays an important role in applying in the Recount Text composition. The students who have mastered the English Past Tenses were able to apply the grammar well in the Recount Text compositions. The strong knowledge of the English Past Tenses could be seen from the fascinating result of the Multiple Choice Test given. By getting more than 80% means that the students have already had the strong knowledge. Overall, the capability of the students understanding the knowledge could be seen from the application where the students made no or few mistakes in making past tenses predicates.


Social financing scale is an important indicator reflecting financial services to the real economy. This paper uses the VAR model to explore the dynamic relationship between the ranks of listed companies and the scale of social financing. The empirical results show that: There is a long-term equilibrium relationship between the number of listed companies and the scale of social financing, which can boost the expansion of the scale of social financing, but the expansion of the ranks of listed companies has no obvious effect on the immediate boost of the scale of social financing. The "increase in the number" of listed companies in China may imply "low quality". The number of listed companies has a delayed effect on the scale of social financing. In the long run, the expansion of the ranks of listed companies does.


A control system for starting the railway track switch heater and continuously monitoring its operating has been developed. The switch heater is capable of delivering over 1000 scfm of air at 190 to 225 F during a severe snowstorm. Fuel consumption is 2 gal/hr of propane. Electrical requirements are such that it can be used in the remote areas. The heater generates considerable noise and therefore cannot be used close to populated areas. Prototypes have been built and installed for field trial.


Background: Riedel's thyroiditis (RT) is a rare inflammatory disease that results in fibrosis of the thyroid gland and invasion to the surrounding structures of the neck. Follicular adenoma (FA) of the thyroid is the most common benign neoplasm of the gland. Patient Findings: A 42-year-old woman was referred to the outpatient clinic due to a multinodular goiter and thyroiditis. The patient was euthyroid and thyroid function tests were within normal limits. Thyroid antibodies (thyroid peroxidase antibody and thyroglobulin antibody) were high. Thyroid ultrasonography showed multiple iso-hypoechoic nodules and thyroiditis. Fine-needle aspiration cytology was performed, and it was consistent with 'suspicious for a follicular neoplasm' according to the Bethesda system. Due to the clinical findings, which included weight loss and sweating, and the cytological results indicative of a follicular neoplasm, the patient underwent a total thyroidectomy. The histopathological diagnosis was RT associated with FA. The patient was started on thyroid hormone (thyroxine) replacement therapy after surgery and was evaluated for additional fibrosis related to RT. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first case of RT associated with FA in an asymptomatic patient with a multinodular goiter and high thyroid antibodies reported in the literature.


The microbiota can be depicted as a measurable organ consisting of microbial cells, and creating a unique ecosystem together with the host eukaryotic cells. Therefore, to understand the normal physiology and pathology of animal ecosystems, it is mandatory to tackle a comprehensive analysis of the host, the microbiota, and their interactions. Since over 99.8% of the microbes cannot be cultured, metagenomics offers a path to the study of their community structures and metabolic potential. These goals are achievable thanks to the recent advances in sequencing complex assortments of small genomes, through 16S and WGS approach. In spite of the great number of latest studies, there is not a defined and standardized pipeline to measure the microbial community; rather, significant efforts are needed to optimize sample preparation and data analysis workflows for metagenomics analysis of microbiome.
In the present PhD Thesis, a major task is aimed at developing rapid and efficient workflows for metagenomics analysis. These include the choice of the sample, the extraction methods more efficient according to sample features, choice of sequencing approaches and the statistical methods.
A developed workflow was successfully applied to investigate to the first time the sheep gut microbiome, to perform association studies linking gut microbiota to T1D host traits in mice and to assess dietary and immunogenetic background impact over gut microbiota in a translational murine model of NAFLD.


Superconductors for use in the magnets of high energy particle accelerators have been under development at BNL since 1962. The first wide braided conductor was made in 1968 from single core NbTi wire. The conductor now used in the prototype ISABELLE magnets is a more sophisticated version of these early conductors. The large aspect ratio attainable with flat braids makes it possible to construct dipole and quadrupole magnets from a single layer of conductor, considerably simplifying their design. Magnets made from this type of conductor have performed excellently, exhibiting very little training and demonstrating a remarkable ability to quench without sustaining damage. The fabrication steps for braided conductor are described. Contracts have been negotiated for the industrial production of braided conductor and the first shipments of finished conductor are scheduled for delivery early in 1977. A multifilamentary Nb/sub 3/Sn version of the conductor is also being developed and is described briefly.


Human space missions generate waste materials. A 70-kg crewmember creates a waste stream of 1 kg per day, and a four-person crew on a deep space habitat for a 400+ day mission would create over 1600 kg of waste. Converted into methane, the carbon could be used as a fuel for propulsion or power. The NASA Advanced Exploration Systems (AES) Logistics Reduction and Repurposing (LRR) project is investing in space resource utilization with an emphasis on repurposing logistics materials for useful purposes and has selected steam reforming among many different competitive processes as the preferred method for repurposing organic waste into methane. Already demonstrated at the relevant processing rate of 5.4 kg of waste per day, high temperature oxygenated steam consumes waste and produces carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen which can then be converted into methane catalytically. However, the steam reforming process has not been studied in microgravity. Data are critically needed to understand the mechanisms that allow use of steam reforming in a reduced gravity environment. This paper reviews the relevant literature, identifies gravity-dependent mechanisms within the steam gasification process, and describes an innovative experiment to acquire the crucial kinetic information in a small-scale reactor specifically designed to operate within the requirements of a reduced gravity aircraft flight. The experiment will determine if the steam reformer process is mass-transport limited, and if so, what level of forced convection will be needed to obtain performance comparable to that in 1-g.


The paper deals with national-oriented works of Jovan Radulović from the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s, based on his book dedicated to the life of Dalmatian Serbs. The first part of the paper refers to Radulović's biographical-anthropo- logical essays on three Serbian writers from Dalmatia, as well as to his documentary prose; the analysis of Radulović's critical views on the actual life of Serbian people in Croatia is based on a series of his interviews and polemics. The following section of the paper deals with the last part of Radulović's book, enti- tled "The Grains (1984‒1989)", consisting of about fifteen public speeches and newspaper articles related to the cultural assimilation of the Serbs in Croatia. Special attention is paid to the three grains, i.e. two public speeches and one newspaper article. In the first speech, Radulović documents national and cultural discrimination against Serbs in the communist Croatia, whose position is much worse than in Austria-Hungary at the beginning of the XX century. In the second speech, Radulović optimistically presents a short version of the history of defence of spiritual and national identity of the Serbs in Dalmatia. Finally, the third grain is the article in which Radulović expresses his fears about the fate of the Serbian Autonomous Province of Krayina, whose political status was determined far away from it and from the broken Yugoslavia, and he pleads for the absolute unity of the Serbian people and the leadership of the newly formed autonomous province in Croatia. On the basis of Radulović's political views, it can be concluded that in spite of the defeat and the mass exodus, Serbs from Croatia should not give up the idea of returning to their homeland.


Abstract Breast cancer survivors may experience accelerated decline in cognitive functioning compared to same-aged peers with no cancer history (Small et al., 2015). Survivors may show important differences in mean-level performance or variability in cognitive functioning compared to those without a history of cancer (Yao et al., 2016). This study compared ambulatory cognitive functioning in a sample of breast cancer survivors and an age-matched community sample without a history of cancer (n_cancer=47, n_non-cancer=105, age range: 40-64 years, M=52.13 years). Participants completed three cognitive tasks measuring working memory, executive functioning, and processing speed up to five times per day for 14 days. Results indicated no mean-level differences in cognitive performance on the three tasks between cancer survivors and those without cancer history (p's>.05). Unexpectedly, women without cancer history showed more variability than survivors on working memory but not on the other two tasks. Across both groups, those without a college education performed worse on executive functioning (B=-0.05, SE=0.03, p<.05) and working memory (B=0.94, SE=0.36, p<.05) compared to those that completed college. Additionally, older age was associated with slower processing speed (B=31.67, SE=7.44, p<.001). In sum, this study did not find mean-level group differences in cognitive functioning between cancer survivors and age-matched women without a history of cancer. Contrary to hypotheses, those without a history of cancer were more variable on working memory. Results suggested similarities in cognitive functioning in the two samples and that education and age are important predictors of cognitive functioning independent of cancer history.


According to the actual high temperature and pressure corrosion environment in Qinshen gas field,the common CO2 corrosion prediction model used for normal temperature and pressure conditions can not be used.CO2 corrosion test method in high temperature and pressure environment of Qinshen gas field was described.Based on the accumulated date of corrosion rate,a concept of establishing the database with the properties of graphical display,user-friendly query and quick prediction of corrosion rates was put forward.


The sixth "Agent-based Computing for Enterprise Collaboration" workshop at WETICE 2008 focused on the areas of: agent-based semantic composition of Web services; agent-oriented software engineering methodologies and tools; and large scale multi-agent systems. The intention of this workshop was to bring together researches in the fields of software agents as they relate to the context of enterprise collaboration. This report briefly discusses the content of the papers presented at the workshop by respective authors. Moreover, the report ends with a summary of the main issues and challenges touched during the concluding discussion session.


The contamination on SMT assemblies caused by a number of flux/cleaning variation has been investigated, with several analysis methods used to quantify the contamination. The results from analysis of test printed circuit boards (PCBs) using anion separation, conductivity, ionic contamination measurement, visual and SEM inspection, microsections and surface insulation resistance (SIR) methods were compared. The best cleaning result was observed with the combination of water soluble (WS) solder cream and water cleaning. The best measurement method for cleanliness of PCBs was considered to be SIR measurement. For WS fluxes, the iconic contamination test offers effective measurement of the amount of residues left on the PCBs.


When I started out as a teacher, over 15 years ago, I was what might be categorized as "traditional." I gave PowerPoint lectures, assigned homework, and supported my students to perform confirmatory labs demonstrating what I had already told them was true in the lecture. I was seen as a "good" teacher. Evaluations from administrators, along with anecdotal comments from students and parents, supported this label. But something didn't feel right. My students were not all demonstrating mastery on assessments, and I didn't feel like I was connecting with and supporting each student every day. About five years into my teaching career, at the annual Colorado Association of Science Teachers' Conference in November, I learned about Flipped Learning at a presentation by Aaron Sams and Jon Bergmann. The general idea of Flipped Learning is that students need support on the more challenging aspects of learning (application) and can receive the direct instruction parts (lecture) on their own time. While this model has evolved over time, it started out as an emphasis on doing exploratory and application-like activities with students in class (labs, practice problems, etc.) and providing students with the information, either as an introduction or wrap-up to the lesson, through video for students to watch on their own time. Feeling like this might be a way to better meet the needs of my students, over the holiday break, I revamped my entire Chemistry course, making videos of all my lectures, writing a grant to secure some technology, and preparing to launch my Flipped Chemistry course upon return to school in January. Much to my surprise, students did not readily embrace this change in the way I had hoped. I received comments such as "you're not teaching me," and parents started complaining to the administration. I learned a lot from that experience. Change takes time and must be well thought out and planned. Stakeholders, in this case students, parents, and administrators, needed to be brought into the planning and needed to understand the purpose and motivation behind the change. And most importantly, I needed a community of other teachers to exchange ideas with, share challenges with, and receive support from. I had decided to implement this change without a network of support, and without consulting others to determine possible roadblocks and challenges. When we pursue the path less taken, it can often feel scary and lonely. Finding individuals who share similar choices can often be reassuring and motivate us to push past moments of difficulty when we believe this uncharted path really is the best one for us. This is why community is so important, especially in education.


Zygmunt Gloger (1845–1910) is in Poland sometimes called "a preserver (ocalacz) of collective memory", a collector of national heritage, a propagator of folk culture, a scholar-excursionist, and a writer-archaeologist. While reading his numerous works (over 800 publications in his bibliography), it is hard to ignore his patriotism and love for his homeland – Podlasie. His goal in life was to understand the problems of the people (understood as a Slavic community), their mentality and worldview, and to record their legacy in a way comprehensible to future generations. Gloger was aware that preserving the cultural heritage of a passing world, its textualization, was an effective method of maintaining Polish national unity in the period of Partitions. In this text I will attempt to present one of Gloger's works – Baśnie i Powieści, published in 1889 in Warsaw and containing 13 stories which, as suggested by the very title page, were drawn from folk tales and some earlier books ("Baśnie i powieści z ust ludu i książek zebrał Zygmunt Gloger"). I will analyse the genesis of these stories, their literary genetics, composition, and character. I will pay attention to their axiology (e.g. the virtue of thrift, which is particularly stressed by Gloger) and the unique features of the collection (e.g. numerous proverbs, elements of traditional rituals of the Polish region of Podlasie,).


&NA; Experiments were undertaken to ascertain the relationship between personality disturbances and the duration of convalescence from acute respiratory infections. The Cornell Service Index was used as a measure of personality disturbance and the duration of military hospitalization as the measure of convalescence. The Cornell Service Index is an adequate measure of personality disturbance as shown by correlations between Index scores, individual psychiatric interview and military evaluation by means of the Army profile. It was found in one hospital that among 787 white patients with acute respiratory infections the average duration of hospitalization was prolonged by as much as 80 per cent, with an average of 15 per cent, in those with personality disturbances. Consistent results were found in smaller groups of patients with acute minor respiratory infections and pneumonia in two other hospitals. In a group of 135 patients in another hospital, convalescence was prolonged up to 109 per cent, with an average of 22 per cent, in patients with personality disturbances. In a third hospital group of 163 patients, convalescence was prolonged up to 48 per cent, with an average of 40 per cent, in patients with personality disturbance. For the entire group of 102 patients with pneumonias in these latter two hospitals, convalescence was prolonged up to 109 per cent, with an average of 37 per cent, in those with personality disturbance. The average duration of convalescence from these infections was related to the attitude of the ward officer. One ward officer kept his white patients hospitalized 90 per cent longer than did another ward officer in the same hospital. Officers who were attentive to the complaints of their patients kept them hospitalized longer than did ward officers who disregarded these complaints, and kept their patients with personality disturbances hospitalized proportionately longer than patients without such disturbances. It is inferred that the portion of the population hospitalized for acute respiratory infections has a higher incidence of personality disturbances than that portion not hospitalized.


Introduction: Accumulating lines of evidence suggest that there is a strong association between periodontal disease and coronary artery diseases. However, the effects of periodontal disease on the pathophysiology of myocardial infarction (MI) remain unknown.

Hypothesis: Periodontal pathogens mediate detrimental effects on the infarcted myocardium.

Methods: C57BL/6J male mice were split into 3 groups. Before and after coronary artery ligation, each group was injected with one of the following bacteria or substance: Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A.a.: a periodontal pathogen), or phosphate buffered saline (PBS). In vitro experiments were also conducted using cultured cardiomyocytes (CMs).

Results: Observation of the mice lasted for 14 days after MI. A significant increase of mortality, due to cardiac rupture, was observed on days 4 and 5 after MI in the P.g.-injected mice compared to the A.a.-injected or PBS-injected mice (P.g. [n=19] vs PBS [n=12] 42.1 vs 0%, p < 0.05, A.a. [n=7] vs PBS [n=12] 14.2 vs 0%). The release of H2O2 from the infarcted myocardium significantly increased in the P.g. group compared to the PBS group (P.g. [n=6] vs PBS [n=6]: 31.0 ± 9.1 vs 6.3 ± 3.4 pmol, p < 0.05). In the infarcted myocardium, the protein level of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), a protease which interrupts the healing process of damaged tissues, was significantly accumulated in the P.g. group (3.5 ± 0.9 fold, n=7) compared to the PBS group (n=7). Zymography revealed that MMP-9 activity was significantly higher in the P.g. group (2.9 ± 0.6 fold, n=7) than in the PBS group (n=7). These results suggest that infection with P.g. promotes production of H2O2, an enhancer of the MMP-9 activity, thereby aggravating the stability of the infarcted myocardium. In addition, the level of p18 Bax, an active form of Bax that strongly promotes apoptosis, significantly increased in the P.g. group (1.7 ± 0.1 fold, n=5) compared to the PBS group (n=5). Treatment with gingipain, a cysteine protease uniquely secreted from P.g., on cultured CMs promoted the accumulation of p18 Bax and CMs death.

Conclusions: Infection with P.g. during MI plays a detrimental role in the healing process of the myocardium, which in turn contributes to cardiac rupture.


Form, aesthetic criteria and form-giving expanding the geometric vocabulary construction of conic sections continuity and pseudo-continuity of curves and surfaces two-dimensional form organization simple 3-D form organization three-dimensional form built with conics manufacturing and form organization refinements in form organization for parts to be moulded form organization for CNC-machining form organization and the computer examples of product parts shaped with form organization - telephone housing examples of product parts shaped with form organization - flashlight housing examples of product parts shaped with form organization - plastic skate boot. Appendix: co-ordinate geometry and applications for conic sections.


The service sector participation has become increasingly representative in the world economy. Thus, it becomes necessary to invest in research related to processes for the proper development of these services, starting from reference processes, represented by models. Its importance is emphasized even more in multidisciplinary areas, such as the Assistive Technology. To contribute in this sense, this paper has as a main objective to develop a framework for the services development process for People with Disabilities. The two main methodologies used were the exploratory research, for the literature review, and the theoretical and conceptual approach, to obtain the framework. The framework presented as a result was developed based on existing models, the elements of the ServiceSystem, Assistive Technology-System and on the principles of Universal Design. From the framework, it is expected to obtain reference models for the services development process for People with Disabilities.


Soil measurements are important for agriculture as improper conditions can generate important losses. This paper presents a new IoT based system, created to monitor some important parameters for soil, such as solar illumination, air temperature, air humidity, soil humidity, soil pH, and total salt content. Measurements are performed using several microcontrollers, connected to each other, status information being generated, available on the cloud. In this respect, the goal of the proposed device is to perform useful measurements for agriculture applications and provide instruments to take the proper actions.


The utility model discloses a tail gas exhaust pipe of a motor vehicle, in particular an environment-friendly spiral tail gas exhaust pipe, which includes a gas inlet (8), a hush pipe (2), an outer pipe body (1) and a gas outlet (7), wherein partition plates (3) are arranged in the outer pipe body (2), and the tubular spiral hush pipe (2) is arranged among the partition plates (3) segment by segment. Compared with the prior art, the environment-friendly spiral tail gas exhaust pipe changes the hush pipe (2) into the tubular spiral body on the premise that the length of the present exhaust pipe is not increased, arranges a mesh pipe (9) in the outer pipe body (1), and adds a static plate (10), so as to greatly improve the effects of the exhaust pipe, such as noise reduction, fire prevention and atmospheric pollution prevention. In addition, the tail gas exhaust pipe has the advantages of simple structure, convenient use and high safety, and is suitable for various motor vehicles.


Carbon fiber has not only high strength property but also flexible under applied load. In order to develop a new tribology material from carbon fibers, two types of carbon fiber binded brushs as a straight type and a looped type are fabricated and evaluated of friction and wear properties. After the measurement of friction at the starting of sliding, static friction coefficients of both type of carbon fiber binded brushs are almost the same as kinematic friction coefficient even if conventional metals show larger static friction than kinematic one. From the results of friction properties of the different overhang length and sliding direction, it can be considered that elastic deformation is important to show specific friction property. Also wear resistance of carbon fiber binded brush is observed. Straight type carbon fiber binded brush shows large specific wear rate as 10^(-3) mm^3/Nm. In order to overcome this wear issue, looped type one is proposed. This new looped type carbon fiber binded brush shows much smaller specific wear rate as around 10^(-4) mm^3/Nm than straight type. Also this new looped type one shows the same specific friction property as static friction coefficient μ_s is almost the same as the kinematic friction coefficient μ_k.


SO2 adsorption on different metal oxides (MgO, CeO2, ZrO2, MgAl2O4, TiO2-anatase, TiO2-rutile, Al2O3 and Na–Al2O3) has been studied using various techniques (thermogravimetry, temperature-programmed desorption, IR spectroscopy). Several types of species are formed and the results are discussed in terms of their thermal stability. Weakly adsorbed species can result from the coordination of SO2 on Lewis acid sites such as Al2O3 or TiO2. However, such interactions are quite weak. On more basic oxides, such as Na–Al2O3, SO2 acts as an electron acceptor and adsorbs on either weakly basic O2– sites or on the basic OH– groups. In this latter case, the formation of hydrogen sulfite species is suggested. More strongly adsorbed species occur on all the oxides. These are characterized by strong absorption bands between 1100 and 800 cm–1, and are due to sulfite species. Several types generally occur. Gravimetric measurements allow us to compare the thermal stability and the amount of the different types of adsorbed SO2 species. The quantity of SO2 irreversibly adsorbed after evacuation at T < 370 K gives rise to an evaluation of the number of basic sites and therefore to a scale of basicity of the different oxides.The results are compared with those obtained using other probe molecules such as carbon dioxide or hexafluoroisopropanol. A special case is that of ceria for which it is observed that heating under vacuum transforms sulfite species into sulfates, preventing the use of TPD for the determination of its relative basicity.


In this paper, we propose a new class of optimal one-coincidence FHS (OC-FHS) sets with respect to the Peng-Fan bounds, including prime sequence sets and HMC sequence sets as special cases. Thereafter, through investigating their properties, we determine all of the FHS distances in the OC-FHS set. Finally, for a given positive integer, we also propose a new class of wide-gap one-coincidence FHS (WG-OC-FHS) sets where the FHS gap is larger than the given positive integer. Moreover, such a WG-OC-FHS set is optimal with respect to the WG-Lempel-Greenberger bound and the WG-Peng-Fan bounds simultaneously.


This paper introduces the subjectivist teaching/learning paradigm (STP), which uses students' social and cultural enculturation processes to structure affect-laden constructivist learning experiences focused in the subject area being taught. STP uses powerful learning experiences to promote two goals: enculturation into the subject area and student empowerment. STP techniques for practical teaching mirror the effective processes of enculturation by which students learn the skills, understandings, and attitudes of their own sociocultural groups. STP lessons concentrate real life subjective experiences into a learning area. STP helps students learn to choose what to learn and how to learn it, offering them an increasing variety of learning experiences. It develops student empowerment by continually reinforcing successful self-directed learning through affect structuring, covert directives, and self-cuing coping strategies. Surface purposes begin with three affect structuring techniques (emotional anchor, motivator, and cognitive direction), which utilize the positive subject experiences of affect, self-selection, and motivation. The paper illustrates surface purposes within a workshop at the University of the South Pacific, Fiji, in which students practiced expressing their disapproval of nuclear testing in the Pacific. Six workshop activities are described, highlighting their setting, surface purpose, and hidden pedagogic purpose. (Contains 24 references.) (SM) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. CONSTRUCTIVIST PEDAGOGY AND STUDENT-CENTERED LEARNING: THE SUBJECTIVIST PARADIGM


A new analysis technique has been developed in this paper to evaluate the upper limit of the packing fraction, φn utilized in the prediction of suspension viscosities. The semiempirical equation developed for the upper limit of the packing fraction, φn was generated initially from McGeary's binary particle packing fraction data. All possible Dx/Dy ratios of particles size averages were evaluated and analyzed in this formulation development. Only the D5/D1 and D4/D2 ratios of particle diameter averages were found to accurately predict the proper particle volume fraction location obtained in McGeary's data for the correct upper limit packing fraction φn. After developing methodology to calculate φn for binary particle distributions, an extension was made to include distributions with any number n of different particle size diameters. One of the more general of the suspended particle viscosity equations, as developed in a previous paper by this author, was used to demonstrate the application of this new φn methodology to the evaluation of suspension viscosity properties. The blended binary suspension viscosity results of Johnson and Kelsey for near monodisperse latexes were shown to be satisfactorily predicted as a function of the binary volume composition. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) in the Indian sub-continent faces massive aerosol loading, for which it is regarded as a global air pollution hotspot. This study examined the spatial variation in columnar aerosol loading (2001 – 2019) over the eastern state of Bihar and its 38 administrative districts affected by transboundary transport and local emissions. In the current study, aerosol optical depth (AOD 0.55 μ m ) retrieved at 1 × 1 Km 2 resolution by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor using the Multi-Angle Implementation of At- mospheric Correction algorithm (MCD19A2, Collection 6) was analyzed. A significant increase in AOD from 0.49 to 0.68, with an inter-annual variability of 12.0%, was observed. The highest seasonal aerosol loading of the range 0.51 – 0.75 was observed during the post-monsoon (OND) and winter (JF) seasons due to long-range transport of pollutants from upper and central IGP regions and aerosols emitted locally, which further was aggravated by poor metrological conditions. AOD was not found to vary significantly with the land use pattern (e.g., urban, rural, and background), implying the substantial influence of regional transport. A significant in- crease in the annual AOD trend (0.0106 year (cid:0) 1 ) and seasonal trends (0.0072 – 0.0182 year (cid:0) 1 ) was observed for the analysis period. Districts located along the Ganga river stretch exhibited the highest annual AOD rate with an overall percentage increase of 40 – 50%. Low to moderate model performance (R2:0.25 – 0.65; MAPE: 15.2 – 26.7%) was exhibited by Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) time series model over the study area for the successive two years (2020 and 2021), emphasizing the districts with a potential for high aerosol loading that requires immediate addressing under Business as usual (BAU) scenarios. The overall study augments policy- makers with decision-making support to instigate air quality measures at the state epicenters. The study also recommends inter-state coordination to develop an integrated airshed management approach for holistic improvement in state air quality.


High-resolution soil texture maps are essential for land-use planning and other activities related to forestry, agriculture and environment protection. The objective of the article was to find suitable methods for predicting soil texture through comprehensive comparison of different prediction methods (e.g., univariate and multivariate methods) by completely taking account of its characteristics as composition data with the same auxiliary information. This article, taking elevation as auxiliary variable, predicted the soil texture using univariate [ordinary kriging (OK)] and multivariate [i.e. regression kriging (RK), simple kriging with locally varying means (SKlm), and cokriging (COK)] methods. Soil texture was transformed by symmetry log ratio (SLR) to meet the requirements of the spatial interpolation for the compositional data. The root mean squared errors (RMSE), the relative improvement (RI) values of RMSE and Aitchison's distance (DA) were utilized to assess the accuracies of different prediction ...


This paper describes the role of Arabic script on a view of establishing Islamic civilization in Indonesian archipelago. Arabic script, apart from a tool for writing, its characteristic is so intensive to symbolize Islamic civilization. The arrival of Islamic civilization into the archipelago has not only spread the religion, but also influenced the change of social system in which Arabic script wrote the various spheres of Islamic civilization and transferred them into the local communities. The appearance of variant graphemes into the Arabic- based local scripts (Jawi, Pégon, Sérang, and Buri Wolio) is a result from the modification of Arabic script to the local languages for transmitting the elements of Islamic civilization to the contexts of local communities. In other words, Arabic script shifted Indonesian archipelago from the age of Jahiliah to the age of Islamic civilization.


When we divide paintings into two types which are abstract paintings and representational paintings, some researches showed that novice tends to have difficulties on appreciating abstract artworks. To overcome this difficulty, we suggested creating a context on abstract paintings. Since abstract paintings lack the forms which enable us to understand what is drawn on the painting, possibly, a novice could create their own imaginal forms of a particular scene on the paintings by creating context. We conducted the experiment for 29 participants to measure the effect of a worksheet with question that asking participants to create a story about the artwork. In this paper, we will focuse on a free descriptive question asking to write impressions about the artwork. We used the sentence length, number of artworks which each participant write their impressions on the worksheet and the content of written impression to measure the effect.


The invention discloses a display panel pixel comprising a first transistor, a first electrode, a second electrode and a first gate electrode; the first electrode is used to receive a data signal; the first gate electrode is used for receiving a scan signal; the light emitting unit is provided with a first end and a second end; the second end is coupled to the first voltage source; and a second transistor is provided with a third electrode, a fourth electrode and a second gate electrode; the second gate electrode is coupled to the second electrode; the fourth electrode is coupled to the first end of the light emitting element; the distance difference between the first gate electrode parallel to the first and second electrode wire width and the first electrode and the second electrode is greater than that of the second gate electrode in parallel between the third and fourth line of the width of the electrode and the third electrode and the fourth electrode.


A vehicle maintenance and parts inventory control microcomputer package was developed and implemented for thirteen small transit properties as a part of the Statewide Microcomputer Implementation Project conducted by the Wisconsin DOT. Four of the properties participated in the evaluation of existing maintenance and inventory packages and the design of the software ultimately implemented. The package implemented on the Wisconsin properties was comprised of an existing commercial inventory package adapted for transit use and a maintenance module developed from scratch.


Abstract Immobilization of α- and β-amylases on epoxypropylsilanized PartiSphere-5 was achieved. Hydrolysis of 2% potato starch solution yielded limit dextrin on α-amylase bound column while a mixture of limit dextrin, maltose and glucose was obtained from β-amylase bound column. The β-amylase bound column converted limit dextrin from α-amylase column into glucose.


In this paper, a robust and efficient digital image watermarking algorithm using the fast Hadamard transform (FHT) is proposed for the copyright protection of digital images. This algorithm can embed or hide an entire image or pattern as a watermark such as a company's logo or trademark directly into the original image. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated using Stirmark 3.1 that consists of 90 different types of image attacks. Results show that this algorithm is very robust and can survive most of the Stirmark attacks. These attacks were tested on a number of test images of size 512/spl times/512/spl times/8 bits, embedded with a watermark image of size 64/spl times/64/spl times/8 bits. The simplicity of the fast Hadamard transform also offers a significant advantage in shorter processing time and ease of hardware implementation than other orthogonal transforms, such as the discrete cosine transform and wavelet transform.