ABSTRACT This article argues that dramatic political change in State A poses a threat to the interests that other states B share with it. The more salient those interests are to State B, the greater the threat posed by domestic political change within State A. Thus major changes in one state place the leaders of formerly friendly states into a domain of losses, motivating risk-seeking behavior in hopes of reversing these losses. Conversely, the new leaders of the state undergoing domestic political change initiate similarly risk-seeking behavior to defend their new endowments. The conflicts that result sow the seeds of long-lasting enmity (rivalry) between former partners. I test this argument in a dataset of rivalry onset during the period 1950–2005 and find evidence that in the wake of dramatic political change in State A, rivalries are most likely to form between A and its close partners.


This chapter reviews the literature using qualitative, ethnographic, historical, and bibliometric methods that examine the role of genres in activities and should be provide ways of observing the organized production of genred texts within social systems as well as the dynamic and intertwined change of genres and systems. Genres are parts of larger systems which reinforce their familiarity, patterning, meaning, and even recognizable and meaningful variation. These larger collections of genres have been characterized as sets, systems, chains, colonies, repertoires, suites, and ecologies, to emphasize different aspects of their systematic relations. These larger systems locate the texts within groupings of readers, relations to other texts, and larger nexuses of organized activities, for which those genres are produced, to carry out socially-located activities. Thus any text's meaning and the motives that lead to text production reside in systems of organized human activity. Further the typified communications of genres are a consequence of the dynamic social structure, as well as form significant ligatures in that social structure. Text production within a genre, accordingly, can be mapped within larger communal systems of activity which shape the underlying motives, resources, channels of circulation, and consequences of text production. Genres are frequently institutionalized and regulated as part of the stabilization and regulation of social institutions, but these regulated social forms also generate informal workarounds to recognize the important functions missed by the regulated order. The technologies available to inscribe, produce, store, and disseminate genres – from stylus on clay tablet to the printing press and now digital information technologies – also have an impact on the social groupings that can be coordinated, enlisted, regulated, or otherwise influenced by them in systematic ways, including the extent, tempo and degree of alignment of participation. Within the social structures and relationships mediated by these systems or collections of genres two specific kinds of informational domains are constructed: the ordered, related network of texts that define the activity space and provide resources for each new text (intertextuality), and the actual knowledge represented within the network of texts (including the evaluation and application potentials of the represented knowledge). These systems of intertextuality and knowledge are in turn consequential for the social documentary systems they circulate among in the form of


Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is important to transcriptomic analysis of gene expression. Recently, deep learning has facilitated the analysis of high-dimensional single-cell data. Unfortunately, deep learning models may leak sensitive information about users. As a result, Differential Privacy (DP) is increasingly used to protect privacy. However, existing DP methods usually perturb whole neural networks to achieve differential privacy, and hence result in great performance overheads. To address this challenge, in this paper, we take advantage of the uniqueness of the autoencoder that it outputs only the dimension-reduced vector in the middle of the network, and design a Differentially Private Deep Contrastive Autoencoder Network (DP-DCAN) by partial network perturbation for single-cell clustering. Since only partial network is added with noise, the performance improvement is obvious and twofold: one part of network is trained with less noise due to a bigger privacy budget, and the other part is trained without any noise. Experimental results of six datasets have verified that DP-DCAN is superior to the traditional DP scheme with whole network perturbation. Moreover, DP-DCAN demonstrates strong robustness to adversarial attacks. The code is available at https://github.com/LFD-byte/DP-DCAN.


Ninth-grader Dianna's paper about the Cleveland Browns' miserable losing streak has received an 82%. Nine errors are marked; no teacher comments appear on the paper. In one spot Dianna has written, "When asked about the Browns' record, quarterback Brian Sipe said, 'I don't know. There's just something wrong with the Browns.' Something wrong indeed!" "Something wrong indeed!"-that nicely timed rhetorical phrase revealing Dianna's voice and ironic sensibility had been dutifully labeled "SE"


The goal of this thesis is to design and realize challenging process routes to obtain integrated technical polymer products by shifting the present limits. Essential is the need of concurrent engineering, which is the coupling between the concept of the design, the properties of the polymer, and the characteristics of the chosen process, which is injection moulding. The thesis elaborates this goal by using five related, but essentially different, product designs. The first example comprises the challenge of moulding thick, though precise and dimensionally stable, products by compensating shrinkage by applying either the gasassisted-injection moulding technique, eventually combined with chemical foaming or, more interesting, a moveable insert. The second design concerns a fully integrated disposable bioreactor for culturing and testing of tissue-engineered heart valves. The design consists out of two identical shells that are fabricated via a two component, hard and soft, injection moulding technique. The soft polymer is used for air pressure controlled membranes, that drive the fluid flow, and for the steering valves and the seals. The hard polymer comprises the casing parts that hold the soft parts in place. The bioreactor is designed via an iterative process, it is successfully realized, foreseen of a mature control system, and tested, imitating the cardiac pressures and cardiac flows needed during the culturing and testing of tissueengineered heart valves. Next, a downscaling step is investigated by integrating multiple membranes, valves and seals on a smaller scale in the third design, which is full-polymeric, multifunctional microfluidic reactor device. For this application special serpentine mixers are needed that are easy to fabricate on the interface between the two halves of a mould or device, realizing an almost perfect baker's transformation. The efficient, flow splitting, rotating and recombining device possesses 10 elements that create 2·410 layers with an individual striation thickness of 0.5 [nm] in 10 seconds. A combination of two identical shells are used, that are each folded to occupy a 160 × 90 [mm2] space and subsequently stacked into a 4 (double) layer system. One microfluidic reactor unit includes 6 different in- and output connections, 6 peristaltic pumps, 18 volume-neutral, recoverable control valves, 2 fluid storages, and 2 serpentine mixers. The fourth example concerns even further downscaling in microfluidics applications by trying to mould micro channels by using controlled overmoulding. Hesitation effects (early freeze-in of the polymer melt) are normally a problem during injection moulding of products with non-uniform wall thicknesses. Here we use it as new technology by first moulding a thick layer, in which slots contain the micro structure, at high injection speeds, under high packing pressure and at high melt temperature for detailed filling. Hereafter the second layer is overmoulded on top of the first one. Slots are filled immediately where after the melt flow chooses to fill the remainder of the second layer, leaving the polymer micro structure unfilled. A polymer layered product containing micro channels remains. Different materials, process settings and channel dimensions are tested to explore the fabrication window of this technique. The last example concerns the challenge of structuring products by using static serpentine mixers on the parting surface of the mould to multiply, rotate and add layered structures. This could be useful for various product properties: structure layers parallel to the surface for barrier properties and toughness, layers perpendicular to the surface for soft touch and high accuracy touch screen applications. A combination of these methods can be used to create hierarchic structures which are most preferable in e.g. photovoltaic cells.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore organizational factors that affect the transfer of subsidiary knowledge to both parent companies and peer subsidiaries.Design/methodology/approach – The hypotheses are tested using multivariate regression, based on a survey of 81 foreign subsidiaries in South Korea.Findings – The findings show that organizational factors that affect the transfer of subsidiary knowledge differ according to whether the recipient is the parent or the peer subsidiary. Subsidiary‐to‐parent knowledge flow is facilitated by establishing efficient formal mechanisms such as an expatriation policy, a subsidiary performance evaluation system, etc., whereas knowledge transfer to peer subsidiaries is enhanced by the length of a subsidiary's operation period and the frequency of its managers' communications with other managers in peer subsidiaries.Practical implications – This analysis suggests that managers of multinational companies should apply different approaches in managing these ...


5-Gb/s optical PSK (phase-shift keying) homodyne detection experiments are discussed. In these experiments, the optical carrier is recovered by a Costas optical phase-locked loop using a multielectrode local oscillator (DFB) laser diode at 1.55 mu m with a flat FM response. Although the beat linewidth of 80 kHz is broad compared to the loops in other phase-locked loop (PLL) experiments, phase locking with Costas loop is confirmed at 5 Gb/s by increasing the loop natural frequency. The receiver sensitivity is -42.2 dBm or 93 photon/bit for a 2/sup 7/-1 pseudorandom bit sequence (PRBS) in front of a 90 degrees hydride.<<ETX>>


The invention discloses a shooting frame rate adjusting method in order to save energy as much as possible while improving the image quality as much as possible. The method comprises the following steps: a camera unit carries out shooting at a first frame rate to acquire first image information of which the frame rate is the first frame rate; whether the first image information meets a preset shooting frame rate adjusting condition is judged; and when that the first image information meets the preset shooting frame rate adjusting condition is judged and determined, the shooting frame rate of the camera unit is adjusted from the first frame rate to a second frame rate according to preset frame rate adjusting information corresponding to the shooting frame rate adjusting condition. The invention further discloses an electronic device used for implementing the method.


Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) is an Indonesian plant. Its peel is known to have potency as a source of dietary fiber. Noodle is a food product commonly consumed by all economic level, even known as a second staple food in Indonesia. This study was aimed to observe the effect of green melinjo peel substitution toward the characteristic of dried noodle. The best cabinet dryer temperature was determined in the first stage of this research. In the main research, two different processing types of green melinjo peel (puree and powder), as well as four different concentrations (0%, 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%) were applied to dried noodle. Moisture content, cooking quality, texture, and sensory properties were used to assess the dried noodle characteristic. The data showed that the drying temperature at 60 °C was chosen as the best drying temperature applied in the subsequence stages. From the main research, it was shown concentration of green melinjo peel affected the chewiness and adhesiveness of noodles, while the processing type affected the chewiness only. The interaction of both factor affected the moisture content, water absorption, cooking loss, optimum cooking time, hardness, and sensory properties of the noodle. Higher concentration of green melinjo peel increased the water absorption and the cooking loss, but decreased the optimum cooking time, the texture of cooked noodle, and the overall acceptance. The processing type of puree gave higher moisture content, optimum cooking time, and texture of cooked noodle, but lower water absorption and cooking loss than processing type of powder. The dried noodle with substitution of 2.5% green melinjo peel puree contained 12.99% protein and 11.19% total dietary fiber.


The therapeutic potential of stem cells on chronic liver diseases has been widely investigated. Based on results obtained mainly in studies using experimental models of acute liver injury, phase I clinical trials have already been carried out in patients with chronic liver diseases using therapy with bone marrow cells. Although the initial results were promising, the mechanisms involved on improvement of hepatic function are not clear and new evaluations with experimental models akin to human chronic liver diseases are needed. The object of the present investigation was the evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of bone marrow mononuclear cells in chronic hepatic disease models. InitialIy, a mouse model of hepatic cirrhosis was induced in C57BI/6 mice by administration of 20% carbon tetrachloride solution (CCI4) diluted in olive oil combined with 5% ethanol (EtOH) in water was established. In this study we observed the development of chronic lesions characteristic of cirrhosis afier at least 6 months of administration of the hepatotoxic agents. The second model used was hepatic fibrosis caused by chronic infection by Schistosoma mansoni. Once the chronic lesions were established, the lesion stimulus was suspended and bone marrow mononuclear cells (3x I 07) obtained from tibiae and femurs of green fluorescence protein (GFP) transgenic mice were administered. The migratory capacity of the administered celIs, as well as the alterations occurring afier the celI therapy, was evaluated by histological, immunofluorescence, morphological and immunological methods in the liver tissue. After cell therapy in both hepatic fibrosis models it was observed that administered GFP+ cells were able to migrate and remain on hepatic lesion areas. Initially those celIs presented an oval shape outside thc fibrous tissue. At latter timepoints, those cells invadcd the fibrous tissue and acquired a fusifonll shape. A reduction of fibrosis was verified after the second month oftherapy in alI groups that received the celI therapy in the granuloma areas, as welI as in areas of septal and frontal fibrosis. The levels of TGF-~ were lower after the cell therapy, with statistical significance only in schistossomotic animaIs. The number of oval cells, known as liver stem cells, was increased in hepatic parenchyma afier cell therapy. The schistossomotic animaIs treated with bone marrow celIs recovered partialIy the production of albumin when compared to infected controls. Based on our observations about cell therapy in both models of chronic liver diseases evaluated we conc1ude that bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation decreases tissue alterations caused by chronic aggressions to the liver and reinforce the use of this therapy in patients with chronic liver lesions.


Large volumes of carbon dioxide are required for tertiary oil recovery projects that utilize the carbon dioxide miscible flooding method. Carbon dioxide can be successfully transported as a supercritical fluid through a pipeline designed and operated similar to a natural gas pipeline, with careful consideration given to specific differences in design and materials of construction. Carbon dioxide is a colorless, odorless, nonflammable, non-toxic substance that may exist as a gas, as a liquid, as a solid, or in all three forms at its triple point. The critical pressure and temperature of CO/sub 2/ are 1,070 psia and 88/sup 0/F, respectively. It is present in the normal atmosphere in a concentration of approximately 330 ppm, and somewhat higher concentrations may occur in occupied buildings. Air in lungs contains approximately 5.5% (55,000 ppm) of CO/sub 2/. Although it is non-toxic, air containing 10% to 20% CO/sub 2/ concentrations by volume is immediately hazardous to life by causing unconsciousness, failure of respiratory muscles, and a change in the pH of the blood stream. Carbon dioxide is commonly used for carbonated beverages, aerosol propellants, fire extinguishers, enrichment of air in greenhouses, fracturing and acidizing of oil wells, as a shielding gas for welding, andmore » as dry ice for refrigeration. In tertiary recovery projects of suitable oil reservoirs, CO/sub 2/ is injected into the formation where it dissolves in the oil, swells the oil, reduces the oil's viscosity, exerts an acidic effect on the reservoir rock (in some cases), and vaporizes some of the oil. As a rough rule of thumb, approximately 6 to 10 mcf of CO/sub 2/ are required to be injected for recovery of 1 bbl of oil. Carbon dioxide miscible flooding will recover approximately 10% to 15% of the oil remaining in place after a waterflood program.« less


Abstract Taxonomy Potato virus X is the type‐member of the plant‐infecting Potexvirus genus in the family Alphaflexiviridae. Physical properties Potato virus X (PVX) virions are flexuous filaments 460–480 nm in length. Virions are 13 nm in diameter and have a helical pitch of 3.4 nm. The genome is approximately 6.4 kb with a 5′ cap and 3′ poly(A) terminus. PVX contains five open reading frames, four of which are essential for cell‐to‐cell and systemic movement. One protein encodes the viral replicase. Cellular inclusions, known as X‐bodies, occur near the nucleus of virus‐infected cells. Hosts The primary host is potato, but it infects a wide range of dicots. Diagnostic hosts include Datura stramonium and Nicotiana tabacum. PVX is transmitted in nature by mechanical contact. Useful website https://talk.ictvonline.org/ictv‐reports/ictv_online_report/positive‐sense‐rna‐viruses/w/alphaflexiviridae/1330/genus‐potexvirus


Activated Carbon (AC) was produced through several stages such as carbonization, crushing and activation process. The critical part of AC production was located at carbonization process due to burner issues that need to complete burning in short time, appropriate temperature and low cost. Therefore, this research focus on developing burner which called by closed-horizontal rotating burner. The dimension of the burner was 65 x 790 mm (D x L) wih the capacity of 30 kg/carbonization process. This burner need 1 hour for complete burning of palm shell to palm shell charcoal (PSC). Several analysis were conducted such as stress, displacement, factor of safety and thermal analysis. because this burner involved in rotation motion and high temperature operation. Physical properties has been measured which consists of moisture content (3.8-5%), ash content (7.7-8%), volatile content (53.7-56.6%) and fixed carbon content (31.3-34.7%). It can be summarized that this burner was very effective to produce PSC with short time carbonization process, low cost and complete charcoal production.


A versatile route to organic–inorganic hybrid nanocomposite materials is described, where organically modified silicon halides and alkoxides are reacted together in a solvent-free non-hydrolytic sol–gel process.


A new model for time dependent and steady state ion and electron flow in large aspect ratio diodes is constructed. The electron trajectories are computed using self consistent fields calculated during the initial ion motion. The dynamic formation of a tightly pinched electron flow is qualitatively explained. Very large ion currents, nearly equal to the electron current, are predicted for flat solid cathodes, when steady state flow is achieved. (GRA)


Industrial training is a requirement for the acknowledgement of Diploma Polytechnic Malaysia. Vast and varied knowledge and skills are acquired by the students while going through the industrial training. The purpose of this study is to gauge the perspective of the employers towards the industrial training students of the Commerce Department from Polytechnic Tuanku Sultanah Bahiyah (PTSB). The study is conducted through survey forms developed by Unit Pengurusan Latihan Industri (UPLI). The questions are in relations to the employer's perspective towards the industrial trainees in terms of technological literacy, effective communication, teamwork, policies, procedures and regulations, professional ethics and reporting skills. Analysis through the responding data of 375 employers on 375 of the students in the 2019June and December sessions using the percentage and mean score, each one of the aspects were calculated to be above 80% with the mean score of 4.00 to 5.00. Results from this research indicates that employers are content with the performance of the industrial training students of the Commerce Department, Polytechnic Tuanku Sultanah Bahiyah in all aspects of the skills required while undergoing the industrial training.


The entire issue of Museum; Vol, XXXI, No. 1, 1979, was devoted to the question of the return and restitution of cultural property. In 1980, from 5 to 9 May, the first session of the Intergovernmental Committee for Promoting the Return of Cultural Property to its Countries of Origin or its Restitution in Case of Illicit Appropriation was held in Paris. The meeting attracted very considerable interest. Not only did nineteen of the twenty states who are members of the committee send active representatives, but the observers of thirty-seven other Member States of Unesco also attended, together with observers from intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations (ICOM in particular). When the report of the committee was submitted to Unesco's General Conference in Belgrade at its twenty-first session last autumn, the Chairman of the committee, Lebanese writer, poet and diplomat Salah Stetie, made a remarkable presentation of this complex and emotionally charged issue to the assembled delegates. The lines that follow are a condensed version of his remarks.


AbstractReduced-scale shaking table testing is a useful tool for understanding the seismic behavior of geosynthetic-reinforced soil walls. This paper presents the results from a series of reduced-scale shaking table tests on eight different configurations. The effects of change in peak ground acceleration, reinforcement length and spacing, model scale, treatment of the top two facing block layers on the accelerations on a wall face, maximum displacements of the wall face during shaking, permanent displacements, and strains in reinforcement are investigated. Maximum accelerations measured on the wall face during shaking increased from bottom to top. Geotextile length and spacing did not affect the maximum accelerations and face displacements when the geotextile length met the minimum requirements of established design procedures. No significant permanent displacements were observed. Decreasing the geotextile length and increasing the geotextile spacing increased the geotextile strains when the geotextile w...


Over the last two years Ibis has designed and built a new magnetically scanned implanter, the i2000/spl trade/, specifically to meet the needs for volume production of low dose 300mm SIMOX. The i2000/spl trade/ design addresses the wide range of process conditions required for these new processes, including the "touchup" or damage engineering implant. Extremely high beam utilization through magnetic scanning, off hub cooling, fast heating and handling make the productivity of the i2000/spl trade/ higher than other SIMOX implanters (30,000 300mm wafers per year with SIMOX processes currently in volume production). Design aspects and results from volume manufacturing of 300mm SIMOX wafers are presented.


Multi-step analog-to-digital converters typically employ a sample-and-hold amplifier at the front end that must achieve high speed and high linearity with low power dissipation. Furthermore, sampling circuits can be used to alleviate the timing and bandwidth limitations of one-step converters such as flash and interpolative architectures. This paper describes design techniques for sample-and-hold circuits utilized in high-speed low-voltage data converters, Following a review of the role of sampling in various converter architectures, two broad categories of sampling techniques are introduced and properties of basic analog switches are summarized. Next, conventional sampling architectures are discussed, design methods for CMOS, bipolar, and BiCMOS implementations are studied, and several examples embodying these methods are presented. Finally, characterization of high-speed sampling circuits is described.


The stoma has been studied in several genera of the Dorylaimina. An attempt has been made to homologize the different parts of the stoma throughout this group and with parts of the rhabditid stoma. Attention has been paid to the stomatal muscles of which an hitherto unrecorded set is described.


In this paper,the computer monitoring and control system is proposed to withstand inner attack actions.Protect the storage,broadcasting and processing of data by making good use of cipher,access control,audit and track.The simulation shows that the security performance for the system to defend inner attack actions has obtained a significant improvement.


Generally, multiprocessor real-time scheduling algorithm fall into two basic approaches, partitioned and global. The hybrid solution that we proposed applies the partitioned scheduling approach to the task set until all processors have been filled. The remaining tasks are then scheduled using the global scheduling approach. The idea of a hybrid scheduling approach to ameliorate limitations of partitioned and global approaches. Studies have shown that most prior research on hybrid multiprocessor real-time scheduling has been confined to hard and soft real-time tasks. In fact, the implementation of hybrid approach and the performance of such algorithms in comparison to partitioned and global approaches have not been fully answered by previous studies. This paper performs experimental evaluation of our proposed hybrid multiprocessor scheduling approach, R-BOUND-MP-NFRNS and RM-US (m/3m-2) with multiprocessor response time test, with one of the best scheduling approach from partitioned and global scheduling approaches. The evaluation is based on simulation experiments using videophone application and Cruise Control with Collision Avoidance (CCCA) case studies that mixes real-time tasks of different criticality. The experimental results have presented in terms of three metrics or in other words, performance measurement parameters, namely deadline satisfaction ratio, least system utilization and preemption density (overhead ratio). Based on these three metrics, the proposed hybrid scheduling approach achieved higher percentage compare to the other two approaches. This indicates that such a hybrid scheduling approach is a viable alternative to use in multiprocessor systems and for best scheduled constrained deadline periodic tasks where timing constraints known as weakly hard.


Neutrino physics is passing through a phase of spectacular development. Vast amount of solar and atmospheric neutrino data have been accumulated and the neutrino deficits have been established to be the consequence of non-standard neutrino physics. The neutral current measurements at SNO [1] have, conclusively, established the oscillations of solar neutrinos. After the evidence of terrestrial antineutrino disappearance in a beam of electron antineutrinos reported by KamLAND [2], all other [3] explanations of the solar neutrino deficit can, at best, be just subdominant effects. The analyses of all the available solar and reactor neutrino data including KamLAND and SNO salt phase data have been presented in [4]. The solar neutrino experiments have, already, entered a phase of precision measurements for oscillation parameters. On the other hand, the LMA solution is facing a deeper scrutiny. In fact, the completeness of the LMA solution is being questioned [5] and the scope for some possible subdominant transitions is being explored [6, 7] vigorously. There are, at least, two generic predictions of LMA [6] which point towards life beyond LMA. One of these


This paper deals with the right of ownership non-profit organization, providing private and public interests, depending on the goals of the organization and activity concerned.


The aim of this study was to evaluate during the dry and rainy seasons the morphogenesis traits of two clones of dwarf elephant grass under different management strategies. The study was conducted in a factorial 2 × 2 × 3 design, using two clones, one green and one purple, two residual heights, 25 and 45 cm, and three frequencies of defoliation according to the light interception of 90, 95 and 100%. The design was a randomized block with three replications. The variables were leaf elongation and leaf senescence rate, stem elongation rate and phyllochron. The leaf lifespan and the number of living leaves per tiller were also estimated. The clones presented low stem elongation rates, showing adaptation for grazing use. In the rainy season, the light interception of 100% promoted the highest stem elongation rate and increased the leaf senescence rate. In the dry season, the leaf elongation rate (LER) was higher for the purple clone than for the green one (23 vs 15 mm.tiller-1.day-1). In the rainy season, the LER of the green clone exceeded that of the purple one by 71% (149 vs. 87 mm.tiller-1.day-1). The phyllochron varied among clones only in the rainy season, when the value was 4.6 days.leaf-1 for the green clone and 8.4 days.leaf-1 for the purple one; both of these values are below the mean value observed during the drought (21,6 days.leaf-1). The residual heights did not affect, in an isolated way, any of the variables. The clones are well adapted to grazing, presenting low stem elongation rates. The interval between defoliations should consider the scope of light interception between 90 and 95%. The green clone, with a greater flow of biomass, requires handling with shorter defoliation intervals.


Boston University i n 1987, through a Special Issue of this journal (Mellen & Danley, 1987; Will, 1987b) the concept of SE was introduced to the psychiatric rehabilitation field. Supported Employment (SE) was initially developed for people with developmental disabilities (Wehman & Krevel, 1985) and adapted into the psychiatric rehabilitation field (Anthony & Blanch, 1987). Lii<e many innovations in the disability arena, it was an innovation not based on data but on values (Anthony, 2004; 2005). The lead proponent in making this service reimbursable was Madeline Witt, the Assistant Secretary in the Department of Education's Office of Special Education and Rehabilitation Services. Ms. Will had a teenage son with a developmental disability and was personatty aware of the deficiencies in adult vocational services for people with disabilities who were transitioning into the adult service system. The predominant vocational practices at the time were sheltered wori<shops, which were notably unsuccessful in helping people obtain competitive work (Wehman, 1986). As a result Ms. Will collaborated with professionals in the disability field to develop and incorporate into federal regulations and funding streams the notion of supported employment (Witt, 1987a).


By analyzing the Network - based Manufacturing, this paper brings forward the conception of platform of Intelligent Network - based Manufacturing(PINM), and analyzes itstarget, function, key technology and architecture; In succession, this paper presents the implemenlary scheme, the emphases of the research; Fi-nally, this paper points out the future direction of research on Intelligent Network ?based Manufacturing.


Optimal Right Ventricular Pacing Introduction: Long‐term right ventricular apical (RVA) pacing has been associated with adverse effects on left ventricular systolic function; however, the comparative effects of right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) pacing are unknown. Our aim was therefore to examine the long‐term effects of septal RVOT versus RVA pacing on left ventricular and atrial structure and function.


The supercritical CO2 extraction parameters for kiwi seed oil were optimized by orthogonal experiment.Moreover,the fatty acid compositions in the kiwi seed oil were determined by gas chromatography.The results indicated that the optimum parameters of supercritical CO2 extraction were as follows:extraction temperature 40℃,extraction pressure 35 MPa and extraction time 2.5 h.Under the optimum conditions the oil yield was 20.8%.The major fatty acids were palmitic acid,linoleic acid and oleic acid.


An analytical and computational model for a solar assisted heat pump heating system with an underground seasonal cylindrical storage tank is developed. The heating system consists of flat plate solar collectors, an underground cylindrical storage tank, a heat pump and a house to be heated during winter season. Analytical solution of transient field problem outside the storage tank is obtained by the application of complex finite Fourier transform and finite integral transform techniques. Three expressions for the heat pump, space heat requirement during the winter season and available solar energy are coupled with the solution of the transient temperature field problem. The analytical solution presented can be utilized to determine the annual variation of water temperature in the cylindrical store, transient earth temperature field surrounding the store and annual periodic performance of the heating system. A computer simulation program is developed to evaluate the annual periodic water and earth temperatures and system performance parameters based on the analytical solution. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The effects of the propagation channel have a major part to play in the design and development of mobile satellite communication systems. These effects vary with respect to the elevation angle of the satellite to the user. In the past decade, many propagation studies by various organisations, have addressed the effects of signal attenuation with respect to elevation angle and user environment. However, there is very little data on the effects of wideband parameters with respect to elevation angle. These can be very important in characterising the channel for hand-held terminals in future satellite PCN systems. A wideband propagation study applicable to satellite-based mobile vehicle mounted and hand held communication systems at L- and S-bands has been carried out by the CSER at the University of Surrey around the Guildford area. Simultaneous measurements were carried out during the summer months of 1995 at L-band (1540-1560 MHz) and S-band (2315-2335 MHz). The frequencies allocated by the Radiocommunications Agency being as close as possible to the bands that have been allocated for mobile satellite communications, without causing interference to other users, given the bandwidth required (20 MHz), for the channel sounder. The transmissions were radiated from a helicopter acting as an alternative platform simulating a satellite. A Robinson R22 helicopter and a Bell Jet Ranger helicopter was used during the measurement campaign.


Assessment of the attractiveness of natural attractions is a systematic and balanced process or activity to gather information about everything unique, of high attractive value for tourists who come to a tourist destination area. This research is expected to be included in the local government as a consideration in the framework of the management and development of natural attractions. The purpose of the research is to get the value of the attraction of natural attractions of Gurung Sepangin Waterfall. The research was conducted for approximately 3 weeks effectively in the field. The method used is a survey method with interview techniques and assisted by questionnaires as data collection instruments, sampling is carried out accidental sampling based on criteria that have been determined by researchers. The number of respondents was 30 people. Data processing uses guidelines for analysis of object operations and natural attractions (ADO-OTDWA) directorate general of PHKA in 2003 which has been modified according to the scores that have been determined for each criterion. The results of research on the assessment of natural attraction objects of Gurung Sepangin Waterfall have an area attraction value of 954.18 or entered into the classification category (B) means that it is quite potential to be developed into a natural tourist destination.


Fossil fuel reserve throughout the world was projected to only last for 40 years for oil, 60 years for natural gas and 20 decades for coal. This projection has prompted alternative energy researchers to advance into renewable energy. Among most manufactured solar cells, The Dye sensitized solar cell is in the 3rd generation of the family. This paper presents the fabrication of Dye sensitized solar cell with dye from Keriang and Pucuk merah fruit. The TiO2 electrode with a thickness of 10 µm is used to immersed into the dye. The cell was tested under a solar simulator with standard test condition. The results show that the Keriang dye has the photo to electrical efficiency of 1.16 % while the Pucuk Merah dye shows 0.89%. The data shows that the bonding of anthocyanin pigment in particular the carboxyl and hydroxyl group to the TiO2 molecules were successful.


Contention management is an important design component to a transactional memory system. Without effective contention management to ensure forward progress, a transactional memory system can experience live-lock, which is difficult to debug in parallel programs. Early work in contention management focused on heuristic managers that reacted to conflicts between transactions by picking the most appropriate transaction to abort. Reactive methods allow conflicts to happen repeatedly as they do not try to prevent future conflicts from happening. These shortcomings of reactive contention managers have led to proposals that approach contention management as a scheduling problem — proactive managers. Proactive techniques range from throttling execution in predicted periods of high contention to preventing groups of transactions running concurrently that are predicted likely to conflict. We propose a novel transaction scheduling scheme called "Bloom Filter Guided Transaction Scheduling" (BFGTS), that uses a combination of simple hardware and Bloom filter heuristics to guide scheduling decisions and provide enhanced performance in high contention situations. We compare to two state-of-the-art transaction schedulers, "Adaptive Transaction Scheduling" and "Proactive Transaction Scheduling" and show that BFGTS attains up to a 4.6× and 1.7× improvement on high contention benchmarks respectively. Across all benchmarks it shows a 35% and 25% average performance improvement respectively.


Abstract A crown-boring noctuid, Amphipoea interoceanica (Smith), has suddenly become a serious pest of commercial strawberries in Manitoba. Eggs are laid in August on dead strawberry leaves and hatch in early May. Young larvae feed in the leaf stalks; older larvae bore in the crowns and kill the plants. There are six instars, pupation occurs in late July and adults emerge in August. The plants are first attacked in the second year of growth and by the fifth year the entire crop may be lost.


Extended abstract
1. Introduction
Focus on the studies of the environmental quality goes back to the 1960s (Connerly & Marans, 1985). The importance of the studies of the environmental quality stems from the measurement and comparison of different housing environmental potentials (Sive & Chertok, 2013), because the measurement and comparison of environmental quality between different areas, not only for researchers but also for residents, workers, managers and policy makers in the public and private sectors are important (Blomquist, Berger & Hoehn, 2001). Although quite detailed studies on environmental quality assessment have been done, the criteria are not developed in the operational programs.
To check the environmental quality of housing, researchers have focused on three main issues. The first issue is to review the relationship between environmental quality of residential areas, welfare and comfort of the inhabitants. The latter focuses on the sense of the inhabitants' satisfaction of the house and its surroundings. Finally, the third issue is related to the environmental quality as a factor in structure of housing price. The literature of this paper is organized according to these three themes. Different researches have used several different methods and indicators for measuring environmental quality and gathered some instances for heterogeneous areas of cities in different time periods (Kamp, Leidelmeijer, Marsman & Hollander, 2003). It is expected proposing new topics for Tabriz metropolis helps to clarify the issue.
Several studies have been conducted regarding to the impact of environmental features on housing prices. Almost all studies in this field were exploratory and focused on the impact of environmental quality on housing prices. Rosiers,Theriault, Kestens & Villeneuve (2007) have defined environmental quality as one of characteristics of neighborhood units and evaluated the impact of these components on housing prices. They found that all the characteristics of neighborhood units are important and make a positive effect on housing prices. In the analysis of distribution of spatial inequalities of access and environmental quality in the metropolitan area of Paris, Palma, Kiarash, Picard & Waddell, (2007) recognized major investments of local-welfare facilities in the housing market. The importance of different environmental attributes associated with housing prices was assessed by Chau, Yung, Leung & Law, (2006) through exploring residents' environmental sense. Also Potepan (1994) concluded that the sale price of housing depends on the amenities associated with the residential area of neighborhood units and despite the high cost of housing, prosperous areas are selected in migration to cities. In a more general perspective, Rogerson (1999) has investigated the impact of absorbing new investments on environmental quality in urban development patterns.
Obviously, the components of the promotion of environmental quality section are of particular importance, which have a positive impact on both housing prices and rental prices. Instead of determining the effect of the price of environmental quality on housing prices, this exploratory study addresses the relationship between the level of environmental quality and housing prices. In this paper, environmental quality is assessed on the basis of environmental and housing characteristics and subsequently a consistent relationship between the level of environmental quality and housing prices is reviewed. The geographical scale of the study area covers 29 neighborhoods in the city of Tabriz. The range of indicators is the level of environmental quality for residential areas that includes both objective and subjective-perceptual indicators. It also ranks the level of environmental quality for residential areas based on geographic levels.
2. Methodology
Tabriz metropolitan indicators are a set of multidimensional data over time included the objective and subjective characteristics of the residential environments. In this paper, we selected 28 indicators of environmental quality. These indicators have been classified into six main groups: 1) social indicators, 2) economic indicators, 3) indicators of access, 4) perceptual problems of housing environment, 5) satisfaction of the housing environment and 6) housing characteristics. Social indicators describe the number of persons per household, educational level, population increase and crime rates in residential areas.
3. Results
Three distinct groups in the metropolitan areas of Tabriz are introduced through the level of environmental quality indicator. In 4 of 29 neighborhoods, the level of environmental quality indicator is greater than 1 and in other sets, the level of 14 neighborhoods is below zero. Also in 11 districts, the environmental quality indicator is between 0-1.
Despite some exceptions, compatibility between environmental quality indicator and sale price of housing in the metropolitan area of Tabriz is remarkable. The three dispersion diagrams provide the evidences of positive linear relationship (slope = 1402/0). However, this analysis is exploratory. To test the intensity of linear relationship between housing prices and the level of the environmental quality indicator, the test of correlation coefficient was used. The test proves that there is a strong and positive correlation between the level of environmental quality indicator and the sale price of housing (The Pearson correlation coefficient is 0.596 and is significant at 0.01). This means that the rising level of environmental quality indicator refers to the increasing prices of housing and vice versa.
Although the correlation coefficient confirms the linear and positive relationship between two variables, it does not reflect the dependency between them. To test the dependency between the level of environmental quality indicator and housing sales prices, the chi-square test was used. The null hypothesis is that the two variables are independent and the variable to be tested against these two variables is dependent. The results of the test proves that these two variables are related to each other (chi-square = 19,432, sig = 0,008); as a result, any change in the level of environmental quality indicator means a change in the price of housing. In addition, the level of probability coefficient is close to 1, which confirms the high dependency between two variables.
The results are: 1. there is a strong and positive correlation between the level of environmental quality indicator and sale price of housing in the metropolitan area of Tabriz 2. The level of environmental quality indicator and the average sales price of the housing are dependent variables.
4. Conclusion
In this study, the relationship between the level of environmental quality and sale price of housing in metropolis of Tabriz was investigated. The study was conducted in two stages. Firstly, the environmental quality indicator was developed using principal component analysis. Secondly, the relationship between environmental quality indicator and sale price of housing was investigated. Therefore, the correlation coefficient and chi-square tests were used. The results show that there is a strong and positive linear relationship between the environmental quality indicator and the sale price of housing in the metropolitan area of Tabriz and the environmental quality indicator and the sale price of housing are dependent variables.
The results of the study are important for several reasons. The results increase the understanding of the residents' environmental sense and the assessment of the environmental characteristics associated with the residential environment and can be used by decision makers in the public and private sectors, including planners, allowing them to obtain environmental quality indicator at the district level through a comprehensive view. Also, the results indicate that the environmental quality of residential areas can be part of the metropolitan area's competition, because the higher the level of environmental quality indicator in a given area is, the more the housing price in that area will be.
The main limitation of this study is the lack of time series data. The analysis is based on limited data that doesn't provide an opportunity to control and monitor periodically. Therefore, improving the environmental quality indicator based on criteria such as the number of family members, stage of life cycle and duration of residence can be the subject of subsequent studies.


Graph and automata theory are widely used in the algorithmic solution of fundamental problems in verification. Verification problems often boil down to solving reachability questions in graphs, optimization problems, and combinatorial problems in automata. Fundamental algorithmic problems in computer science have been well studied, such as the shortest path problem, the travelling salesman problem, etc. A similar classical problem in discrete planning is the finite-horizon planning problem [2], where the input is a directed graph with weights assigned to every edge and a time horizon T , and the goal is to find a path of length T that maximizes the total utility defined as the sum of the weights of the path. This computational problem for finite-horizon planning has applications in artificial intelligence and robotics [4, Chapter 10, Chapter 25], as well as in control theory and game theory [1, Chapter 2.2], [3, Chapter 6]. In this internship (with possible continuation as a phd thesis), we consider relaxations of the finite-horizon problem where the original question with a fixed horizon T is replaced by an expected time horizon, either given through a fixed stopping-time distribution, or through an adversarial distribution where the stopping-time distribution is unknown and decided by an adversary. We are looking for algorithmic solutions and structural properties in the case of graphs, as well as in more powerful models such as Markov processes, pushdown graphs, and timed systems. Several theoretical questions can be investigated and the solutions and heuristics can possibly lead to prototype implementations.


 Evaluate the impact on pipe performance and life expectancy of the transition (1991) from wall thickness class to pressure class designations in the manufacture and design standards for ductile iron pipes.  Study and compare historical failure rates of ductile iron pipes in a geographically diverse group of water utilities from North America and Australia.  Evaluate reliability and capability of sensors to measure corrosion of ductile iron pipes in the field.  Exhume ductile iron pipes from several geographically diverse water utilities and study in detail the statistical properties of observed corrosion pits. Use these statistical properties of corrosion pits (typically obtained from the inspection of external pipe surface using non-intrusive, non-destructive techniques [NI-NDT]) to develop sampling schemes to assess pipe condition.


Ongoing research on quantifying the cooling loads in residential buildings, particularly buildings with passive solar heating systems, is described, along with the computer simulation model used for calculating cooling loads. A sample of interim results is also presented. The objective of the research is to develop a simple analysis method, useful early in design, to estimate the annual cooling energy requirement of a given building.


– This paper describes significance and usage of code generation. Code generation techniques are described as well as code generation tools. Also, some problems, that code generation causes, are listed and described in this paper.


A new salt compound of an organic acid of the N - [(2 '' - cyanobiphenyl-4-yl) methyl] - (L) -valine ester with the formula (IV), wherein R 1 represents C 1 alkyl -C 4 selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, 2-methylpropyl or benzyl; S represents an organic acid selected from oxalic acid, acetic acid, formic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, phthalic acid, terephthalic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, acid p-toluenesulfonic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, ascorbic acid.


Modern sport, especially soccer, has taken large swathes of Latin America by storm. Sport and Latin American Society celebrates the 'infancy', 'adolescence' and 'maturity' of modern sport on the subcontinent. The volume is not comprehensive. It cannot be. For one thing, space does not permit it. For another research, as yet, does not allow it. Therefore, the volume is consciously eclectic, knowingly tentative and clearly exploratory. However, one fact remains starkly clear; this volume deals with a significant phenomenon. Modern sport is important to the lives of countless millions in Latin America just as it is elsewhere in our contemporary world. It offers an ecstasy as potent as any religion, an escapism as real as any cinema, an enjoyment as intense as any carnival. It is the tool of governments, the toy of oligarchs and the passion of peoples. At the centre of the following narrative of innovation and consolidation, is Europe. For one good reason:


We propose a framework of 14 IT governance practices tailored for the electric utilities sector. They were selected and ranked as "essential", "important", or "good" by top executives and IT staff from two multi-billion dollar companies – one in Brazil and another in Europe – from a generic set of 83 collected in the literature and in the field. Our framework addresses a need of electric utilities for which specific guidance was lacking. We have also uncovered a significant impact of social issues in IT governance, whose depth seems to be missing in the current research. As a byproduct of our work, the larger generic framework from which we have departed and the tailoring method that we have proposed can be used to customize the generic framework to different industries.


The ability of dissolving to different soluable phosphates were comparative studied between Penicillium F17,F67 and Becillus Megaterium in this work.And total feces collection method was adopted to study the effect on the phosphorus metabolism of goose with the different addition level of Penicillium oxalicum Currie Thom fermentation liquid.The results showed that firstly,in solid medium and liquid medium with bone meal,CaHPO4,Ca3(PO4) 2 as the source of phosphorus,the diameter of dissdved phosphorus circle in group F67 was significantly larger than those of the F17 and the control group(P0.01),and the quantity of dissolved phosphorus in group F67 was significantly larger than those of the F17 and the control group(P0.01);Secondly,with the increasing of Penicillium oxalicum Currie Thom fermentation liquid content,the digestibility of P and Ca were 49.86%~59.78,47.65%~58.25% and the digestibility of P and Ca was the highest at the Penicillium oxalicum Currie Thom fermentation liquid addition level of 0.3% and the difference was significant compare with control group.


We consider a theoretical model of co-evolution of networks and strategies whose components are exclusively supported by experimental observations. We can show that a particular kind of sophisticated behavior (anticipatory better reply) will result in stable population states which are most frequently visited in co-evolution experiments.


A device for displaying teletext data comprises a teletext decoder 13, a sync separator 14, a memory 18 and first and second counters 15, 16. Decoded teletext data is stored in the memory 18. The addressing of the memory is determined by the output of the second counter 16. The output of the first counter 15 defines a region of the memory 18 and the count of the second counter 16 defines a location within that region. The clock input of the second counter 16 is supplied with pulse signals from the sync separator 14 which separates the horizontal synchronization pulses from an input video signal. Using this arrangement it is possible for a plurality of teletext pages to be simultaneously displayed on a single screen.


The Casa de Salud Valdecilla was officially inaugurated in October 1929. One of its vectors of development was research. The Medical Institute of Postgraduates, dedicated to research, was inaugurated in January 1930. The inauguration ceremony had a prominent figure: Dr. González-Aguilar, Chief Professor of the Clinic of Bones and Joints of the Casa de Salud Valdecilla. His inaugural conference, now recovered, was also the first article published in the Annals of the Casa de Salud Valdecilla. Correspondencia: email@example.com


In light of increasing life expectancy and population aging, healthcare systems today face the challenge of addressing the care-related needs of an increasingly aging population. Aging compounded with physical and neurological deteriorations means greater caregiving demands for both the formal healthcare sector and informal care from family members and friends. Unpaid informal caregiving is cost effective for the healthcare system as a whole; however, providing care for a family member with dementia can negatively impact the health of the caregiver. The increasing development and deployment of assistive technology is predicted to alleviate caregiving burden and allow the older person with dementia to remain independent and continue to live at home for as long as possible. This chapter presents the landscape of information on informal caregiving for patients with dementia and its associated caregiving burden. It also discusses the evidence available on the potential of assistive technology for alleviating informal caregiving burden. The chapter concludes with some considerations about the governance of assistive technology. It argues that assistive technologies that are proven to be clinically effective should be made fairly and ubiquitously available to improve the quality of life of the person with dementia and his or her family caregiver. This is important to ensure the sustainability of the overall healthcare system.


Extracting buffer,gel concentration,voltage and types of isoenzyme,affecting the zymogram resolution of Petunia hybrida petals,are discussed,Establishment of application system of Petunia hybrid petasl isoenzyme in this paper provides support for getting highi-zymogram-resolution,and sibship were studied in index analysis,the results show the consanguinity of white Petunia hybrid is closed to red-and-white Petunia hybrid and pink Petunia hybrid,remote to puple Petunia hybrid.


【Task】 A medical electrical lead includes a lead body, the connector terminal. Conductor extends from the lead body to the connector pin along a helical path through the transition zone.


Responsive cortical electrical stimulation (CES) may be a promising alternative to surgery for the treatment of medically refractory focal epilepsy in the sensorimotor cortex. Improved approaches for highly specific and fast seizure detection, validated on central lobe epilepsy (CLE) patients, are required for the development of a new generation of intelligent implantable responsive CES devices.
Based on a literature review, a 138-dimensional feature space, consisting of cross-correlation features and a set of per-channel time and frequency domain features was chosen to be used in a patient-specific machine learning algorithm. Six bipolar electorcorticogram (ECoG) channels were selected for each of ten CLE patients to represent cortical areas inside and outside the seizure onset zone. Features were extracted from 1s epochs of ictal and interictal data. A Random Forest classifier was trained for each patient and early detection (<10s) sensitivity was obtained from seizure-level leave-one-out cross-validation. The false detection rate (FDR) was determined using a 24h interictal test set from the corresponding patients.
The algorithm demonstrates an improvement of early detection sensitivity (98%) and FDR (1.53/h) as compared to the reference algorithm, with short detection delay (3.9s). The patient-specific approach may be employed to achieve closed-loop seizure suppression in responsive CES implants.


The aim of the research work was to determine the marketing margins of sold rice from retailers in Damascus and its Countryside, by using random cluster sample with 622 observations. The data was analyzed with the descriptive statistics analysis method and inferential statistics. The results showed that the sold of packed short and tall rice decreased its general marketing margin in about (2.10, 1.39 S.P/Kg respectively), compared with its sold in dogma form at significance level 1%.The results showed that the general marketing margin was increasing for the varieties which were sold in a low quantities in minimarkets. while it was decreasing for the varieties which were sold in a high quantities. That is because the consumer demand of the first varieties decreased and increased for the second varieties, so the rice which will be produced in Syria must be in a high quality, equals or better than the imported varieties


The individual subscription to the Society includes a subscription to the Gazette. Libraries may arrange subscriptions to the Gazette by writing to the Treasurer. The cost for one volume consisting of five issues is AUD 90.20 for Australian customers (includes GST), AUD 106.00 (or USD 90.00) for overseas customers (includes postage, no GST applies). The Gazette seeks to publish items of the following types: • Mathematical articles of general interest, particularly historical and survey articles • Reviews of books, particularly by Australian authors, or books of wide interest • Classroom notes on presenting mathematics in an elegant way • Items relevant to mathematics education • Letters on relevant topical issues • Information on conferences, particularly those held in Australasia and the region • Information on recent major mathematical achievements • Reports on the business and activities of the Society • Staff changes and visitors in mathematics departments • News of members of the Australian Mathematical Society Local correspondents are asked to submit news items and act as local Society representatives. Material for publication and editorial correspondence should be submitted to the editors. Please send contributions to firstname.lastname@example.com. Submissions should be fairly short, easy to read and of interest to a wide range of readers. Technical articles are refereed. We encourage authors to typeset technical articles using L A T E X 2 ε , A M S-L A T E X or variants. In exceptional cases other formats may be accepted. We would prefer that other contributions also be typeset using L A T E X 2 ε or variants, but these may be submitted in other editable electronic formats such as plain text or Word. We ask that your T E X files contain a minimum of definitions, because they can cause conflict with our style files. If you find such definitions convenient, please use a text editor to reinstate the standard commands before sending your submission. Please supply figures individually as postscript (.ps) or encapsulated postscript (.eps) files. 112 Book reviews Mathematics for Multimedia Divine proportions: Rational trigonometry to universal geometry A generating function approach to the enumeration of matrices in classical groups over finite fields 118 AMSI News: Being positive within a harsh reality P. Broadbridge 120 News Welcome to the second issue of the Gazette in 2007. As most of our readers would be aware, the media have picked up the crisis that the mathematical sciences …


Objective:To evaluate the clinical effects of ray protective agent which prevented radiation dermatitis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients.Methods:Eighty-seven nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients received radiotherapy during 2009 were selected and divided into two groups by the single-blind random method.The treated group of 42 patients received the spray of ray protective agent on the radiated skin area prior to the radiation exposure,and the control group of 45 patients without any treatment on the skin before radiotherapy.Both groups performed routine skin care and health education,and were observed and assessed of radiation dermatitis extent and the incidence of skin damage after radiotherapy.Results:The probability and degree of radiation dermatitis of the treated group were significantly lower than that of the control group(P 0.01).Conclusion:It proved that ray protective agent was effective in preventing and reducing the degree of radiation dermatitis caused by radiotherapy.


Background- There are limited data regarding the prevalence of these types of heart disease in patients with ESLD, particularly in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, but anecdotal observations suggest that CAD is a more common overt clinical problem than either alcoholic or cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. There is a need for prospective study of cardiac function in alcoholic and non-alcoholic patients. Aims and objectives-- To study the 2D- Echocardiographic findings in alcoholic liver disease patients. Material and methods- The present study was conducted in J A group of hospital, Gwalior, M.P. The present study is a case control study, conducted over a period between November 2012 to November 2013 on the patients of alcoholic & non-alcoholic liver disease patients. In the present study two groups has been created and studied. Group I comprises of patients of Alcoholic liver disease which are taken as cases & Group II comprises of patients of Non-Alcoholic liver disease patients which are taken as controls in the present study. Total of 102 patients were studied. Results- ECHO abnormalities is higher significantly in Group I (ALD) patients (66.7%) as compared to Group II (NALD) patients (44.2%) hence showing the detrimental effect of alcohol over heart. Among Group I (ALD) patients chamber enlargement (dilated LV & LA); diastolic dysfunction; regional wall motion abnormalities; Valvular abnormalities (like mild MR, TR) is significantly higher than Group II (NALD) in the present study. Echocardiography strongly correlated with severity of liver disease as in study population (n=102) only 33% of Child A (n=12) patients had abnormal ECHO as compared to 59.6% of Child B (n=42) & 68.8% of Child C (n=48) patients which is statistically significant. In Group I (ALD), 2 of Child A patients had chamber enlargement i.e. enlarged LA &LV as compared to 6 of child B & 20 of Child C patients. Similarly, diastolic dysfunction is seen in 0 of Child A patients as compared to 6 of Child B (n=42) & 14 of Child C patients which are statistically significant difference thus reflecting the effect of severity of liver disease over heart. In the study population 61 patients had abnormal ECHO out of them 46 were of Group I (ALD). Out of these 46 significantly, 2 had no Coronary risk factors, 19 had one Coronary risk factor, 20 had two Coronary risk factors, 4 had three Coronary risk factors; & 1 had four Coronary risk factors.18 patients had regional wall motion abnormalities in their Echocardiography, out of them 17 were of Group I (ALD) & significantly, 13 of these 17 patients had two or more Coronary risk factor's thus reflecting the strong association between them. Conclusion- Echocardiography should be employed routinely in these patients as it plays a significant role in detecting early cardiac changes in patients of chronic liver disease especially in those where it is of alcoholic in origin & in presence of additional coronary risk factors.


A study of the morphology of chalcopyrite, stannite, wulfenite and manganite shows that the existence of a structural pseudo-symmetry has an influence on the relative importance of the different forms in these crystals. In particular, the reticular planes possessing, in relation to the pseudo-symmetry, a spacing which is a submultiple of the true spacing correspond to forms whose development is in general less common than that predicted by the law of Donnay & Harker.


The research objectives are as follows: to give an idea of Susan Hurley's philosophy and to check whether the relevant philosophical problem of mental representation and mental content is noncontradictive. The article criticizes the traditional conception of consciousness, in which cognition is considered as an interface between perception and action, without taking into account interrelation of these processes. The problem of mental content is tackled; it is shown that normativity of non-conceptual mental content is weaker in comparison with conceptual one. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the researcher introduces the name of the woman-philosopher S. Hurley, a figure of the English-language cognitive philosophy whose works are little known in Russia, into scientific use. The author clarifies the notion "mental content" and criticizes the modern cognitive theory. The research findings are as follows: correlation of non-conceptual mental content and action intention is revealed, the notion "mental content" is analysed in relation to pre-linguistic consciousness.


Introduction: In the Polynesian language Samoan (VSO, split-ergative, dependent marking), predicates that enter the causative-alternation are productively derived by the prefix fa'ain the causative but appear unmarked in the inchoative and simple state (1) (Koopman 2012, Mosel 2004, Mosel & Hovdaugen 1992). In recent syntactic approaches to event decomposition, the realization of change-of-state (COS) morphology is attributed to functional heads (e.g. voice, v) in specific configurations within the verbal domain (Alexiadou et. al. 2015, Marantz 2013b). By examining the morphosyntactic properties of fa'a-causatives, I will argue that causative morphology in Samoan is determined by language specific spell-out rules of the verbalizer v that are sensitive to the presence of voice in bieventive contexts (contextual allomorphy; Marantz 2013a, Embick 2010). Thereby, this paper not only provides a first syntactic investigation of the causative alternation in Samoan, but also adds a new cross-linguistic perspective to the recent discussion on bundling phenomena in the verbal domain (Harley 2017, Pylkkänen 2008). Data: The causative alternation in Samoan (Polynesian, Oceanic, Austronesian) is given in (1). Here, while verbal property concept roots (PC; e.g. mam?̅? 'clean') occurs unmarked in stative and inchoative contexts (1a), prefixation with fa'agive rise to a causative interpretation by additionally adding a causer agent which is marked with ergative case (e a'u 'I') (1b).


— This paper examines to determine whether there is an effect of the human development index (HDI), the open unemployment rate, economic growth, and regional GRDP per capita on poverty levels in Sumatera Island. In general, the trend of the poverty rate by the province in Sumatera decreased during 2010-2019 period, however, there are five provinces which on average have a poverty rate above 11 percent (above the national average poverty rate), namely Aceh, Bengkulu, Lampung, South Sumatera, and North Sumatera. This study used a dynamic panel approach with the Random Effect Model (REM). The data source was obtained from Statistics Indonesia (BPS) for the period 2010-2019. The results showed that the HDI variables and economic growth had a negative and significant effect on poverty levels in Sumatera Island. Meanwhile, the variables of the open unemployment rate and regional GDP per capita have a negative and insignificant effect on poverty levels in Sumatera Island. Simultaneously, it is concluded that the independent variables overall affect the poverty level. The coefficient of determination is 65.6370 percent, which means that variations in the level of poverty can be explained by the independent variables by 65.6370 percent and the remaining 34.3630 percent is explained by other factors out of the model.


In this paper, an attempt has been made in this study to grow the concept of modularity along with pruned networks for strength-ductility balance of high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel plates using lower and upperlayer pruning algorithms. Modelling of strength-ductility balance in case of high strength low alloy steel is a major concern in industrial research. In most cases, the cause of inferior mechanical properties of such steel products could not be clearly identified. The comparative analysis with standard fully-connected network and pruned network reveals an improved performance for pruned-modular architecture and explains the metallurgical phenomenon of HSLA steel in a better way.


The influence of interface kinetics on scaling laws in a solution system for crystal growth is studied. Because the variation of the solution density caused by the solute concentration change can be omitted and only that caused by the temperature change is taken into account, the interface kirtcrics does not affect the scaling laws of the fluid velocity and the temperature distribution index . By taking the interface kinetics into account, the curves of the concerltration distriluriun index versus the Rayleigh number Ra, the Prandtl number Pr or the Schmidt number Sc are changed. When Ra and Sc are small, approaches a constant : independent of Ra, Sc and . When Ra and Sc are large, the influence of the interface kinetics on the curves of is negligible. The interface kinetics affects the curves of the average dimensionley crystal growth rate versus Ra, Sc or Pr only when Ra and Sc are large. In this case, is still a power function of Ra, Pr or Sc in certain regions of the parameter (Ra, Pr and Sc) space, but the exponents and coefficients of power functions are varied.


The purpose of this study was to provide basic data necessary for improving the oral health of the elderly and quality of their lives by analyzing the relationship among the geriatric denture-related characteristics, denture satisfaction, and geriatric oral health assessment index. For this study, the elderly aged 65 or higher who resided in Euseong-gun, Yeongju-si, Andong-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do were surveyed from March 25, 2013 to May 9 of the same year. The results of this study showed that the denture satisfaction had high correlation with the 'satisfaction with denture attachment', 'satisfaction with aesthetic function of pronunciation', and satisfaction with masticatory function. Moreover, the causative relation was found to exist among the geriatric denture-related characteristics, denture satisfaction, and geriatric oral health assessment index. Thus, it is considered necessary to establish the institutional system and take measures that can improve the awareness towards the geriatric oral health education and geriatric oral health state with respect to effective use and management of denture.


The outcome of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has remained a major concern in low-and middle-income countries. It is envisaged that the outcome will be far worse in resource limited settings. However, studies are lacking and many of these low-income countries lack an effective cancer registry. The study was conducted to assess the socio-demographics, clinical patterns and induction outcomes of children with AML. All bone marrow confirmed pediatric AML patients less than 15 years old who took induction chemotherapy was recruited and data was collected in a cross-sectional method. Among the 38-bone marrow confirmed pediatric AML patients, 33 patients took induction chemotherapy and 22 (66.7%) achieved complete remission (CR). Infectious morbidity occurred in 60.6% followed by tumor lysis syndrome in 6.1% and induction mortality occurred in 30.3%. The study found a slight male predominance with the mean age of patients being 8.003 ±3.76 SD years and with a range of 5months-15 years. Fatigue was the most common presenting symptom. The median white blood cell, hemoglobin and platelet count were 39.2 ×103 /mm3, 6.65 g/dl and 25.5× 103/mm3 respectively. A positive correlation between platelet count, FAB classification,


Composite blue films of inorganic particles (SiO2, Al2O3 and TiO2) with phthalocyanine (MPc, M = Cu and Pb) were prepared by electrophoresis of protonated MPc using dichloromethane solutions containing trifluoroacetic acid, particles and MPc. The charging of the particles by the adsorption of protonated MPc species from the solution was ascribed to the electrophoresis of these particles. In this way, composite film of MPc with the inorganic particles was formed. SEM images of the composite film reveal a uniform distribution of the particles throughout the composite film, and most of the particles were bonded by fibrous MPc crystallites. Key-words: Phthalocyanine, Electrophoresis, Composite, Trifluoroacetic acid, Inorganic particle Note J. Jpn. Soc. Colour Mater., 85〔7〕,279–282(2012) Fig. 1 Molecular structure of phthalocyanines (MPc, M = Cu or Pb).


We present a solution for modeling and online identification for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) control in buildings. Our approach comprises: (a) a resistance-capacitance (RC) model based on first order energy balance for deriving the zone temperature dynamics, and (b) a neural network for modeling HVAC dynamics. State estimation and model identification are simultaneously performed using nonlinear moving horizon estimation (MHE) with physical constraints for system states. We leverage the identified model in model predictive control (MPC) for occupant comfort satisfaction and HVAC energy savings and verify the approach using simulations. Our system relies only on building management system data, does not require extensive data storage, and does not require a detailed building model. This can significantly aid the large scale adoption of MPC for future occupant-centric control of grid-interactive buildings.


Magnetron oscillators can provide very high frequency power for dielectric heating. Factors determining the choice of frequency for particular jobs are discussed. The design of a magnetron having 5 kw continuous output at 1050 megacycles is described, and performance data on the tube are given.


Using the computer graphics technology for a classroom demonstration is highly stimulating and encouraging for students in an optical course. In this paper, we present several examples of using computer graphical technology to make teaching and learning optics more effective and efficient, Which include that using pattern displays the results of numerical computation, using the "visualization" shows the process of solving mathematical problems, using color images shows simulation results, and using image processing technology enhances the picture of experimental results.


Submitted for the DPP09 Meeting of The American Physical Society Energy Transfer via Ion-Beam Driven Weibel and Two-stream instabilities in Two-Temperature Electron-Ion Plasmas JAEHONG PARK, CHUANG REN, ERIC BLACKMAN, XIANGLONG KONG, University of Rochester — Whether a collisionless faster-than-Coulomb energy transfer mechanism exists in two-temperature accretion flows is an open question. Using 2D PIC simulations, we generalize Ren et al.2007 (Phy.Plasmas 012901) into counterstreaming ion beam-driven oblique instabilities where Weibel, two-stream, and oblique modes coexist. We explain in detail the evolution patterns in both linear and non-linear regimes, and how to reach saturation. To compare with simulations, we solve a set of 1+1D quasi-linear calculations. In a real mass ratio, M/m = 1836, we estimate that electrons gain 3.2% of initial ion energy for the case, Te = 0.2KeV, Ti = 375KeV, and vid = 0.7c. While this gain of 3.2% does not threaten the existence of two-temperature accretion flow models per se, one might ask whether it threatens the subset of models (Narayan et al.1998 (ApJ492,554)) which employ less than this percentage of energy to be transferred from ions to electrons on an infall time scales. However, in the solution of Narayan et al.1998, the electron and ion temperature are much larger than ours and ion beam drifts as high as 0.7c would probably occur at most in localized regions. As a result, the electron-ion coupling could be smaller than 3.2%. At present, our results do not therefore definitively rule out existing two-temperature accretion solutions.


Organic substances containing hydroxyl group and alcohol amine group were chosen in this paper and the effects of different organic group on cement grinding process were studied.The results showed that:organic substances with single hydroxyl group have neglectable grinding-help effect,grinding efficiency increases with the increasing number of hydroxyl group,the factors which decide orgainc substances having grinding effect are the kinds and number of group in them.Organic substances with alcohol amine group can decrease the sieve residue of cement greatly,the increasing number of hydroxyethyl group lead to better cement flow property.


Introduction: A round lesion of less than 3 cm in diameter in the lung is called a solitary pulmonary nodule and it is completely surrounded by pulmonary parenchyma and without other abnormality. After assessing the probability of malignancy, surveillance or biopsy modality is selected depending on patient values and preferences. The current pandemic has caused changes in patient preferences and in clinical guidelines for the follow-up of lung nodules . We report a case of an incidentally discovered cavitary pulmonary nodule in which decision making was affected by the Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and led to worse outcomes. Case Presentation: 49 years old, never smoker, and otherwise healthy Hispanic female was initially seen in Emergency Room( ER) with chest pain and dry cough for a few days. She did not report any fever, weight loss, hemoptysis, and initial laboratory workup were within normal limits as well. A Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiogram(CTPA) was done suggesting a 17mm size incidental cavitary nodule in the left upper lobe. Brock University's cancer prediction score was 31%. After discussing with the patient, it was decided to treat the patient with a course of antibiotics and to get a short-term Computed Tomography(CT) scan of the lungs in 3 months. Patient symptoms resolved in a couple of weeks and a follow CT chest showed no change in the nodule. Later, it was decided to get a follow-up CT chest in 6 months which was scheduled for April 2020 when COVID-19 numbers in New Jersey were high and rising. The patient decided to delay the CT. Later on, she presented to ER in November 2020 with a 2-week history of dry cough and 1 day of the history of minimal blood in sputum. CTPA done at that time showed enlargement of left upper lung nodule to 6 cm mass and moderate-sized pleural effusion was also seen on the left side. Pleural fluid cytology suggested the presence of cancer cells consistent with adenocarcinoma of the lung. Discussion: We have seen changes in clinical guidelines as well as patient preferences in the last few months in the follow-up of lung nodules. The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted cancer care resulting in delayed diagnoses and treatment. All healthcare systems should focus on rapidly innovating and reorganizing cancer services to ensure that patients continue to receive essential care while minimizing exposure to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.


Brenner tumors are rare transitional cell tumors of the ovary. They are usually benign tumors but rarely have borderline and malignant types. Most of the benign Brenner tumors are small and are found incidentally. Our case was a 57 years old woman who underwent laparotomy for ovarian cyst. On laparotomy a solid mass was found on the left ovary. The left ovarian mass was excised and a histopathological diagnosis of borderline (atypical proliferative) Brenner tumor was made. In this paper, histopathological findings of this rare case are presented and the literature is reviewed.


An experimental system was developed to study the microbial growth kinetic of an undefined mixed culture in an erobic biological waste treatment process. The experimental results were used to develop a mathematical model that can predict the performance of a bioreactor. The bioreactor will be used to regeneratively treat waste material which is expected to be generated during a long term manned space mission. Since the presence of insoluble particles in the chemically undefined complex media made estimating biomass very difficult in the real system, a clean system was devised to study the microbial growth from the soluble substrate.


Objective To investigate the impact of integrated care intervention on quality of life in patients with Parkinson's syndrome after cerebral infarction.Methods 50 patients were randomly divided into intervention group(n = 25) and control group of 25 cases.The control group received conventional care;the intervention group received integrated care interventions,including psychological interventions,rehabilitation,drug guidance,food conditioning.Results After comprehensive nursing intervention for 6 months,the intervention group constipation,down bumps,fixed limb contractures and joint aspiration pneumonia were lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P0.05);the quality of life scores excellent the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P0.05).Conclusions The integrated care intervention can improve the quality of life of patients with Parkinson's syndrome after cerebral infarction.


Urban design has splintered into increasingly narrow specialist disciplines since the mid Twentieth Century. Traffic engineers, statutory planners, civil engineers, landscape architects and architects each make specific but isolated contributions to urban


By a suitable combination of switching valves (1003-1007), the number of pressure control valves (1021-1023) for the actuation of the frictional torque transfer devices (26,51-55) in an automatic transmission can be reduced.


The purposes of this study were to identify parameters those could indicate baseline data for appropriate management of ecotourism, and to initiate the ecotourism management at Khao Krajome, Ratchaburi Province, Thailand. Both qualitative and quantitative methodologies were implemented in this study and divided into 3 steps. First of all, parameters those could indicate the ecotourism management were identified. Secondly, environmental parameters and socioeconomic parameters were examined by field survey and questionnaires. Finally, the principles of ecotourism management were applied in order to develop ecotourism management plan in the study area. The results showed that there were many initial parameters that created some impacts on study area which are composed of 7 environmental parameters, 6 social parameters, and 3 economic parameters. In addition, from field survey studies revealed that number of animal traces and animals were more accelerated found in the area which far from the road. The overuse of water supply in high season had effected on lack of water supply in low season which is an important problem in this area. Base on related results during this study, it can be indicated that tourism can cause some advance effects on study area. Therefore, principles of ecotourism management need to be employed in Khao Krajome to reduce the negative impacts and be a significant tool for conserve sustainable tourist attraction.


Time-domain seismic simulation can form the basis of reverse time depth migration and full-waveform inversion. These applications need to temporally crosscorrelate a forward simulation state with an adjoint simulation state and therefore need to be able to access each time step of a forward simulation in time-reverse order. This requires saving all forward states for all times (which can require more memory than is typically available on a computer system for many problems of interest), or the ability to checkpoint information and rapidly recompute forward simulation states as needed. Prior work has suggested how to do the latter by optimally choosing which forward simulation time steps to checkpoint, thereby enabling the most efficient reuse of memory buffers and minimizing recomputation. The optimal trade-off between memory usage and recomputation can be further improved under the assumption that the information needed to do temporal crosscorrelation is smaller than the information required to restart a simulation from a given time step. This assumption is true for many geophysical problems of interest. The modification can yield a reduction in the memory requirement and recomputation time. The tested examples applied to isotropic elastic reverse time migration and anisotropic viscoelastic full-waveform inversion.


In article analyzed the basic tendency of the present stage of political development of Russia: transition from nominal constitutionalism to imaginary that theoretically opens in the long term possibility of development of political system to normative constitutionalism. The imaginary constitutionalism generates the internal contradictions, reflecting really strengthening elite conflict in a transformed Russian society.


In the past few years, immense improvement was obtained in the field of content-based image retrieval. Nevertheless, existing systems still fail when applied to medical image databases. Simple feature-extraction algorithms that operate on the entire image for characterization of color, texture, or shape cannot be related to the descriptive semantics of medical knowledge that is extracted from images by human experts.


Prosecutor The People's Procuratorate of Yunyang County Defendants Defendant I: Lu Yumei, nicknamed Wang Heping and Tongling, female, Han nationality. Lu was born on September 27, 1975 in Zhongxiang city, Hubei province, and is a resident of group four of Shuanghu village, Zhongshan township, Zhongxiang city, Hubei province. Lu was detained on May 16, 2001, and arrested on July I 1, 2001. She is now jailed in Yunyang Detention Center.


At present, there are an ever-increasing number of tunnel expansion projects in China. Studying the mechanical properties of the expanded tunnels is of great significance for guiding their safe construction. Through model testing and numerical simulation, the mechanical properties of a double-arch tunnel constructed through the expansion of the middle pilot heading from an existing single-tube tunnel were studied. The variation characteristics of the surface subsidence, surrounding rock stress, and stress and strain of the middle partition wall and lining during the tunnel reconstruction and expansion were investigated. The mechanism for transferring stress and strain between the left and right tunnel tubes was studied by a numerical simulation method. The results showed that the surface subsidence caused by the excavation of the left (i.e., the subsequent) tunnel tube was larger, and the maximum surface subsidence occurred at the right (i.e., the first) tunnel tube. The surrounding rock on the middle wall was the sensitive part of the tunnel excavation, the stress of the surrounding rock at the left spandrel of the right tunnel tube fluctuated and exhibited the most complex variation, and the stress of the surrounding rock at the right spandrel of the left tunnel tube exhibited the largest variation. The excavation of the left tunnel tube had a great influence on the forces of the middle partition wall and the lining structure of the right tunnel tube, the middle partition wall was subjected to eccentric compression towards the left tunnel tube, and the stress at the left spandrel under the initial support of the right tunnel tube exhibited complex variations. The excavation of the left and right tunnel tubes had a great influence on the stability of the surrounding rock, as well as on the force-induced deformation of the middle partition wall and the support structure, within the width of the single tunnel tube span behind the tunnel working face. Due to the different construction sequences, the stress and strain at the symmetric measurement points of the middle partition wall, as well as the left and right tunnel support structures, were very different.


The main aim of this paper is to investigate the convergence hypothesis of Turkey's tourism markets over the period January 1996–December 2010. We employ a recently introduced Fourier stationary test that does not lose power due to unknown number, form and locations of structural breaks. The results reveal that 10 out of 14 markets support the hypothesis of convergence, which implies that tourism policies for attracting visitor arrivals are effective and new strategies to attract the tourist arrivals from the markets where the convergence hypothesis could not be rejected must be developed to boost the number of visitors coming into Turkey.


Given an arbitrary class $\mathcal{H}$ of graphs, we investigate which graphs admit a decomposition modelled on a graph in $\mathcal{H}$ into parts of small radius. The $\mathcal{H}$-decompositions that we consider here generalise the notion of tree-decompositions. We identify obstructions to such $\mathcal{H}$-decompositions of small radial width, and we prove that these obstructions occur in every graph of sufficiently large radial $\mathcal{H}$-width for the classes $\mathcal{H}$ of paths, of cycles and of subdivided stars.


T NHE work known as Godansho iEfAtI, or 'The Oe Conversations', is a collection of some hundreds of anecdotes, opinions, traditions, bits of lore and information, queries, discussions, and thinking out loud. Some of the many items in the collection must have been copied from notes written in his old age by Oe Masafusa k1zrKf, 1041-1111, whose self-indulgence, disregard for propriety, and penchant for collecting unreliable stories provoked the indignation of a conservative contemporary, the diarist Fujiwara Munetada ,


Chromosomes of two Brycon species (B. lundii and B. microlepis) and Salminus hilarii were analyzed. Based on constitutive heterochromatin distribution patterns, karyotypic relationships within and between Bryconinae and Salmininae were examined. A monophyletic origin for the genus Brycon, comprising at least two chromosome synapomorphies (presence of two large submetacentric bearing paracentromeric and telomeric heterochromatin), is suggested. Moreover, Bryconinae and Salmininae may represent a monophyletic unit among Characidae, as they share several chromosome features.


Scientific explanation is one of the important problems to study of philosophy of science.A Model-based theory that is presented by several philosophers such as Mary B.Hesse,Nancy Cartwright and Rom Harre,etc.according to the traditional scientific explanation is a new approach to research into scientific explanation.To explain a phenomenon,they think,is not deducted it by some laws but essentially need to build a model to explain it.Namely,we build a model for unknown something by means of metaphor or analog methods to understand and explain the world.


The last five years proved that Mathematical General Relativity is more lively than ever. It got itself a Nobel Prize, with help from Roger Penrose. Some long standing major research problems, namely stability of slowly rotating Kerr black holes and positivity of mass in all dimensions, have been announced as being solved [17, 24, 26]. In my talk in Oberwolfach I reported on some progress in the field, as biased by my research interests, ignoring topics which I expected to be covered by other speakers. The topics I discussed will be split into thematic sections, no order of importance implied.


Authentication for mobile networks is a key role in the security of information and devices.This paper presents the common techniques of mobile authentication firstly,and then analyses programming of transient authentication and token authentication mainly.In the end,a model of transient authentication and its application are introduced.


This article analyzes the different strategies of language (pragmatic, semantic and syntactical) in an excerpt published in La Nacion from the speech given by President Oscar Arias on the occasion of his first presidential report on May 1, 2007, according to the theoretical proposal for a discursive analysis of Paul Chilton and Christina Schaffner. Likewise, it intends to show how this type of speech acts as a highly controlled and planned textual production which employs a series of language strategies with the objective of obtaining support from the audience.


This paper presents an investigation of spacing fluctuation characterization (SFC) of Hard Disk Drive (HDD) using thermal asperity (TA) sensor. Firstly, the spacing fluctuation monitored by TA sensor is correlated with that monitored by a Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV). Secondly, a series of experiments are conducted to study the factors affecting the spacing fluctuation, including disk distortion, head crown sensitivity, ZH sensitivity. Good disk assembly and small crown sensitivity and ZH sensitivity will be helpful to reduce spacing fluctuation.


A Circuital model for Dye Sensitized Solar Cell is proposed. Experimental comparisons and module design are carried out with the present model.


A radio interview for BBC Radio Northampton discussing the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 and how far we have progressed in terms of disability rights and discrimination.


The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of anaphylaxis in pregnancy and describe the management and outcomes in the UK.


The subpath kernel is a useful positive definite kernel, which takes arbitrary rooted trees as input, no matter whether they are ordered or unordered, We first show that the subpath kernel can exhibit excellent classification performance in combination with SVM through an intensive experiment. Secondly, we develop a theory of irreducible trees, and then, using it as a rigid mathematical basis, reconstruct a bottom-up linear-time algorithm for the subtree kernel, which is a correction of an algorithm well-known in the literature. Thirdly, we show a novel top-down algorithm, with which we can realize a linear-time parallel-computing algorithm to compute the subpath kernel.