This study aimed to determine the effect of capital expenditure and cash holding on earnings smoothing in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange know 2016 to 2021. The data analysis method in this study uses multiple linear regression to predict the effect of independent variables. The population in this study are manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2016 to 2021. The sampling method in this study was the purposive sampling method. The results showed that capital expenditure affects earnings smoothing. This proves that adding fixed assets, as capital expenditure indicates, increases profits. Suppose the increase in capital expenditure will increase the profit level significantly. Cash holding affects earnings smoothing. This proves that the higher the cash holding or, the higher the cash in the company, the higher the earnings smoothing.


The mechanical properties and microstructure of HJ low alloy high speed steel under different kinds of tempering process were studied.The results show that by increasing the tempering temperature,the hardness of the steel increases with the retained austenite decreasing gradually.The peak of hardness reaches when the steel is tempered at 540 ℃.The carbide gathers and grows can result in the decreasing of the hardness by increasing the tempering temperature ulteriorly.But the hardness increases when the steel is tempered at 540 ℃ for 4 h with the retained austenite decreasing ulteriorly.


The nature of the meson X (3872) is still under debate. Here we assume it to be a mixture between charmonium and exotic molecular [cq ][qc ] states with JPC = 1++ . We find that there is only a small range for the values of the mixing angle, θ , that can provide simultaneously good agreement with the experimental value of the mass and the decay width, and this range is 50 ≤ θ ≤ 130 . In this range we get mX = (3.77 ± 0.18) GeV and Γ (X → J/ψπ+ π− ) = (9.3 ± 6.9) MeV, which are compatible, within the errors, with the experimental values. We, therefore, conclude that the X (3872) is approximately 97% a charmonium state with 3% admixture of ∼88% D0 D∗0 molecule and ∼12% D+ D∗− molecule.


We have investigated the far-infrared spectrum (3–125 cm–1) of iodine in benzene solutions over a range of concentrations. The data have been successfully analysed in terms of a quadrupole-polarisability interaction mechanism which leads to fluctuating dipoles when the molecules rotate and translate relative to one another. Bandshape analysis, via the corresponding correlation functions, indicates that at least two relaxation times are involved in the description of the interaction processes. These times appear to get slower when Bz–Bz interactions are replaced by Bz–I2 interactions. This analysis is supported by fitting the data to two different solutions of the generalised Langevin equation (GLE). These show up changes in interaction dynamics very well, but are less good at predicting the extent of the intermolecular forces. This may be due to the relative inaccuracy of the measured higher spectral moments. It is found that the rate of torque fluctuations for Bz–I2 interactions is slower than that in the Bz–Bz case, probably reflecting more specifically directed and stronger forces between the molecules. There is little evidence from these data that the short-range potentials contain any significant 'donor–acceptor' contribution.


We present the design and implementation of a novel reconfigurable Viterbi decoder which provides dynamic adaptation to different constraint length and code rate convolutional codes. A decoder that supports constraint lengths from 3-7, and code rates 1/2-1/3 has been synthesized on an FPGA. With a throughput of 20 Mbps, the proposed decoder is suitable for use in receiver architectures of the 802.11a wireless local area network and 3G cellular code division multiple access environments. Results show that the area overhead associated with such a reconfigurable implementation as compared to a fixed constraint length 7 implementation is just 2.9%.


Purpose of the study was to find out the health related physical fitness of 100 college women, age ranges 19-20 and 21-23, studying in State Institute of Physical Education for Women, Hasting House in Alipur, under Calcutta University were selected subject randomly and divided into two groups consisting of 50 women in each. Group-I is B.P.Ed students and group-II is M.P.Ed students. The two groups were provided with same types of physical exercises, consisting of walking, jogging, floor aerobic exercises. Health related physical fitness variables are cardio vascular endurance, muscular strength, flexibility, and body composition. The results of this study proved that both group were good but M.P.Ed students are more fitness than B.P.Ed students. Even though it was found that M.P.Ed group was better than B.P.Ed, the difference between those two groups was significant at 0.05 levels, using t-test to make definite conclusion on each variables. It was observed that this study can be used in improving cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, and flexibility among B.P.Ed students.


We describe the design and implementation of a software system for producing, managing, and analyzing catalogs from the digital scans of the Second Palomar Observatory Sky Surveys. The system (SKICAT) integrates new and existing packages for performing the full sequence of tasks from raw pixel processing, to object classification, to the matching of multiple, overlapping Schmidt plates and CCD calibration frames. We describe the relevant details of constructing SKITCAT plate, CCD, matched, and object catalogs. Plate and CCD catalogs are generated from images, while the latter are derived from existing catalogs. A pair of programs complete the majroity of plate and CCD processing in an automated, pipeline fashion, with the user required to execute a minimal number of pre- and post-processing procedures. We apply a modified version of FOCAS for the detection and photometry, and new software for matching catalogs on an object by object basis. SKICAT employs modern machine learning techniques, such as decision trees, to perform automatic star-galaxy-artifact classification with a > 90% accuracy down to ~1m above the plate detection limit. The system also provides a variety of tools for interactively querying and analyzing the resulting object catalogs.


Abstract In this paper it is shown that rope-rope magnetic reconnection in the solar wind can enhance multifractality in the inertial subrange and drive intermittent magnetic field turbulence. Additionally, it is shown that Lagrangian coherent structures can unveil the transport barriers of magnetic elements in the quiet Sun.


Abstract A generalized projective implicitization theorem is presented that can be used to solve the implicitization of rational parametric curves and surfaces in an affine space. The Groebner bases technique is used to implement the algorithm. The algorithm has the advantages that it can handle base points in a parametrization, and no extra factors will be introduced into an implicit equation. The complexity of the algorithm in terms of the degrees of the polynomials in the Groebner basis is better than the existing method


Mathematics training obtained in secondary school is of considerable importance for later practical activity. The role of mathematics in the life of society today is increasing very rapidly. Scientific and technological progress and increases in the technological complexity of production have placed new demands on the mathematics training of professional personnel.


This paper studies user-centric cluster scheme in cloud radio access network (Cloud-RAN), where distributed Radio Remote Heads (RRHs) are connected to a centralized Based Band Units (BBUs) pool and all baseband processing is performed via high-bandwidth low-latency backhaul network. In user-centric cluster scheme, BBU schedules multiple RRHs for each user to form the serving cluster, and then BBU pool distributes the user's data to the cluster via backhaul link. By taking into account signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) constraint for each user and transmit power constraint for per-RRH, we design a cluster scheme aiming at maximizing network energy efficiency (EE). And then weighted minimal mean square error (WMMSE) method are adopted to transform the original problem into a tractable form. Specially, a sparsity-based dynamic user-centric cluster algorithm is proposed, where the cluster for each user can change over time according to network EE performance. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively form the serving cluster according to user's QoS demand and greatly improve the network energy efficiency.


We present new optical (0.4-0.65 micron) spectra of Mercury and lunar pure anorthosite locations, obtained quasi-simultaneously with the Nordic Optical Telescope (NOT) in 2002. A comparative study is performed with the model of Lucey et al. between iron-poor, mature, pure anorthosite (less than 90% plagioclase feldspar) Clementine spectra from the lunar farside and a combined 0.4-1.0 micron mercurian spectrum, obtained with the NOT, calculated for standard photometric geometry. Mercury is located at more extreme locations in the Lucey ratio-reflectance diagrams than any known lunar soil, specifically with respect to the extremely iron-poor mature anorthosites. Though quantitative prediction of FeO and TiO2 abundances cannot be made without a more generally applicable model, we find qualitatively that the abundances of both these oxides must be near zero for Mercury. We utilize the theory of Hapke, with realistic photometric parameters, to model laboratory spectra of matured mineral powders and lunar soils, and remotely sensed spectra of lunar anorthosites and Mercury. An important difference between fabricated and natural powders is the high value for the internal scattering parameter necessary to interpret the spectra for the former, and the requirement of rough and non-isotropically scattering surfaces in the modelling of the latter. The mature lunar anorthosite spectra were well modelled with binary mixtures of calcic feldspars and olivines, grain sizes of 25-30 micron and a concentration of submicroscopic metallic iron (SMFe) of 0.12-0.15% in grain coatings. The mercurian spectrum is not possible to interpret from terrestrial mineral powder spectra without introducing an average particle scattering function for the bulk soil that increases in backscattering efficiency with wavelength. The observed spectrum is somewhat better predicted with binary mixture models of feldspars and pyroxenes, that single-component regoliths consisting of either albite or diopside. Correct spectral reflectance values were predicted with a concentration of 0.1 wt% SMFe in coatings of 15-30 micron sized grains. Since reasonable cosmogonical formation scenarios for Mercury, or meteoritic infall, predict iron concentrations at least this high, we draw the conclusion that the average grain size of Mercury is about a factor of two smaller than for average returned lunar soil samples. The 0.6-2.5 micron spectrum of McCord and Clark is used to further limit the possible range of mineralogical composition of Mercury. It is found that an intimately mixed and matured 3 : 1 labradorite-to-enstatite regolith composition best matches both the optical and near-infrared spectra, yielding an abundance of approx. 1.2 wt% FeO and -approx. 0 wt% TiO2.


This paper provides a case study in solar radiation and the potential evaluation of solar energy harvesting at 6.431°N, 100.185°E, in Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia. As a state located in the Northern region, Perlis is highly potential in the development of a solar energy harvesting system. However,in order to start harvesting the solar energy as an alternative electricity utility source, it is essential to investigate the amount of solar radiation received at the location beforehand. This paper, defines the parameters of solar radiation and shows the geometrical relationship of its natural resources in order to determine the potentiality. The value of solar radiation was collected from the installed weather station and from the calculation based on the equations.


The essential oil , naringin, pigment, pectin and many kinds of activated ingredients in the inside and outside of the pomelo peel have good value for edible and medicinal purposes.Economical and social benefits from the deep process and comprehensive utilization of the pomelo peel are remarkable. The function,application and extracting ways of several components in the pomelo peel are analysed and introduced in the article.


Expanded polystyrene spheres(EPS) in concrete can produce a high performance cement mix.They exhibit a priori mechanical features that are suitable for the construction industry.It had been observed that the mechanical properties of EPS concrete are related to the concrete matrix and the particle size of EPS.The compressive strength,splitting tensile strength and flexural strength of EPS concrete with different particle distributions were compared.Based on the results of compressive strength tests,a compressive strength expression was proposed.Ultrasonic testing was used during the processes of loading up to uniaxial compressive failure.The results showed that the mechanical properties of EPS concrete are related to EPS particle distribution and the granules content,and ultrasonic testing methods can detect damage to EPS concrete.


"The Insider" recounts the chain of events that pitted an ordinary man against the tobacco industry and dragged two people into the fight of their lives over seeking out the truth; one a scientist and one a journalist. The movie shows the lengths big tobacco will go to protect a multi billion dollar a year addiction, including using its enormous power to threaten the news media. The movie blends the roles of numerous individuals who …


By the means of "video assisted teaching",survey and statistical analysis,through the design of breaststroke teaching experiment between the two classes,"video assisted teaching" method is compared with traditional teaching method in physical education.The results show that "video assisted teaching" method has high practicability and popularization.The degree of standardization and speed of the breaststroke swimming are better than before.The students have higher satisfaction on this method.


The paper is devoted to the development and quality assessment of lightweight pseudo-random number generators (PNRG). The design principles of lightweight PRNG (LW-PNRG) are described. The requirements for LW-PNRG quality are formulated. This paper gives an example of the transformation of a classical generator into LW-PNRG by means of modifying the function of feedback (OFB). We propose methods of assessing the quality of pseudo-random numbers formed by lightweight generator. The results of statistical tests of the developed LW-PNRG are also given.


Fine-blanking (FB) is an effective and economical shearing process that offers a precise and clean cutting-edge finish, eliminates unnecessary secondary operations, and increases quality. In the traditional blanking product development paradigm, the design of the formed product and tooling is usually based on know-how and experience, which are generally obtained through long years of apprenticeship and skilled craftsmanship. In this study, the possibility of using finite element method (FEM) together with artificial neural networks (ANN) was investigated to analysis the fine-blanking process. Finite element analysis was used to simulate the process with an isotropic elastic–plastic material model. The results compare well with experimental results available in the literature; after confirming the validity of the model with experimental data, a number of parameters such as V-ring height effect, punch and holder force on die-roll, hydrostatic pressure status as an important factor in increasing burnish zone, and accuracy of part and radial stress status as a factor in increasing die erosion, which were also used for training the ANN, were considered. Finally, numerical data were used to train neural networks. The Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) algorithm with three neurons in the hidden layer (LM-3) appeared to be the most optimal topology and gives the best results. It was found that the coefficient of multiple determinations (R 2 value) between the FEM and ANN predicted data is equal to about 0.999 for the size of die-roll, therefore indicating the possibility of FEM and ANN as a powerful design tool for the fine-blanking process.


This research investigates the pivotal role of welding in manufacturing and construction, specifically in the context of material joining for ASTM A36 steel. The study aims to determine the impact of polarity, electrode type, and coolant on the maximum tensile strength of welds. A total of 54 specimens were welded using Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) with DCEN and DCEP polarities, employing electrode variations of E6013, E7016, and E7018, along with different coolants—Air, Oil, and Saltwater. The results reveal that E7018 welding at a speed of 100 mm/s exhibited the highest tensile strength of 529 MPa, with an average maximum load of 37.35 kN. Conversely, the lowest tensile strength was observed in E6013 welding at 100 mm/s, recording 339 MPa with an average maximum load of 25.84 kN. Additionally, E7018 welding at a speed of 100 mm/60 s showed the highest elasticity of 22.08% with a maximum load of 37.55 kN. These findings contribute valuable insights for optimizing welding processes, thereby enhancing the mechanical integrity of ASTM A36 steel in various industrial applications.
Highlights:

Significance of Polarity: Investigating the impact of DCEN and DCEP polarities on welded material strength.
Electrode Influence: Understanding how E6013, E7016, and E7018 electrodes affect the mechanical properties of welds.
Coolant Consideration: Analyzing the role of Air, Oil, and Saltwater as coolants in optimizing welding outcomes.

Keywords: Welding, ASTM A36 steel, Polarity, Electrode, Coolant


A phenomenological theory of magnetoresistance near the metal-nonmetal transition due to the Anderson localization is presented, which is the further development of our previous theory in the localized regime. It is shown that in the localized regime the change of the mobility edge as a function of magnetic field together with the Zeeman shift of the Fermi level can lead to the characteristic variations of the magnetoresistance as regards both magnetic field and temperature. In the metallic regime, on the other hand, a large positive magnetoresistance is expected. These theoretical conclusions can explain the recent experimental results by Kobayashi, Sasaki and Muto on 1T–Ta 1- x Ti x S 2 alloys. Discussions are also given in connection to the recent findings by Abrahams et al . on the Anderson localization in two-dimensions.


LBL-25580 Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Accelerator & Fusion Research Division Presented at the Second ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on ApertureLimitations in Storage Rings, Lugano, Switzerland, April 11-16, 1988 Theory and Analysis of Nonlinear Dynamics and Stability in Storage Rings-A Workip.g Group Summary S. Chattopadhyay, P.Audy; E .D. Courant, E. Forest, G. Guignard, J; Hagel, S. Heifets, E. Keil, S. Kheifets, H. Mais, H. Moshammer, C. Pellegrilli, F. Pilat, T. Suzuki, G. Turchetti, and R.L. Warnock July 1988 !i Prepared for the U.s. Department of Energy under Contract Number DEhCO~.76SFO0098.


Let K be a relatively J(滅,LM)-compact subset of the predual LM. of a von Neurllann algebra tM・ C・ Akemann proved that there exists an elelnent LJ ∈ tAW.+ as follows: for any positive number E, there exists a positive number 6 such that 匝(I)I O such that, for any LJ ∈ U4g.+ aIld E > 0, there exist I ∈ LSP and p ∈ K such thatLJ(X*X+L・X*) 1 10 葬≦京・ Hence (eJ/・ke)k COnVergeS J-StrOngly* to zero・ There exists a subsequence (pik)k Of (鞠)k which converges to some cluster point of (陶)k With respect to the J(tノ歓,.ノ材)-topology. From the construction of LJk, it follows that p%k(xn) Pit(C,Xne) for every k and n・ By Lemma 2, We have limn→∞ supk lpik(xn)I limn→∞supk lpik(exne)I 0, which contradicts lpik(xik)L ≧ 6・ Therefore, K is u-strongly* equicolltinuous at zero in the unit ball of LM・ CoIISequently, the corldition is necessary. If 〟 is a compact balaIICed convex set of the predual, thell there exists a neighbourllOOd V ()fzero in the unit ball of,,4g with respect to the J-StrOng* topology such that I(I, p)I ≦ 1 for all I ∈ V and p ∈ K・ Hence V ⊂ Ko nLプ・ Therefore, in the unit ball, the cT-StrOng* topology is homeomorphic to the T(LAW, i/銑)-topology・ □ REFERENCES [1] CI A・ Akemann, The dual space of an oper・ator algebra, TransI Amer・ Math・ Soc・ 126 (1967), 268---302・


Weak expansive soil reinforced by geogrid,as a protective layer on the slope,is one of the side slope treatments in South-to-North Water Transfer.We performed triaxial consolidated drain tests on expansive soils reinforced by 4 groups of small size unidirectional grids to research their water diversion effect.Results show that geogrid's capacity of diverting water increases under low confining pressure,while reduces with the rise of confining pressure.It's concluded that geogrid improves the soil strength and works as a water route which accelerates drainage,particularly by vertical reinforcement in the whole section.The results are verified by field tests.Seepage variation in expansive soil reinforced with geogrid should be considered to give full display to geogrid's advantages.


Under Black-Scholes (BS) assumptions, empirical volatility and risk neutral volatility are given by a single parameter, which captures all aspects of risk. Inverting the model to extract implied volatility from an option's market price gives the market's forecast of future empirical volatility. But real world returns are not lognormal, volatility is stochastic, and arbitrage is limited, so option prices embed both the market's estimate of the true returns distribution and also investors' risk attitudes, including possibly different preferences over specific volatility-related aspects of the returns process, such as tail risk. Using options with a dense set strikes, we can obtain the entire risk neutral density (RND) which reflects all of these influences without requiring restrictive assumptions from a pricing model.We compute daily RNDs for the SP others are meant to reflect risk attitudes, such as the level of investor confidence and the size of recent volatility forecast errors. As a forecast of future volatility, RND volatility fully impounds the information in historical volatility, but not a more sophisticated GARCH forecast, and its forecasting power seems greatest in the range of 1 to 2 weeks ahead.


The blocks are made with C40 concrete and tested in the specified temperature curve. The thermocouples are used to measure the temperature field of the internal blocks. After fire test, the samples derived from different locations of the concrete block are observed in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) to extrapolate maximum temperature of the samples. The temperature extrapolated by SEM and XRD is in good agreement with the temperature measured by thermocouples. This proves it is feasibility that the maximum temperature of the concrete beam, column, wall and other components after fire extrapolated by SEM and XRD, which can provide reliable data to support Post-disaster assessment work.


In modern war,it is necessary to research on jamming so as to improve the anti-jamming ability of the radar system.Three typical anti-active blanket jamming model are founded,which could be used as the input of anti-jamming system modeling.The simulation result matches well with the fact.It is shown that the performance of the anti-active blanket jamming is good.


Music automatic classification is one domain of study in modern search technology,and also the problems urgently to be solved in music visualization.In recent years,the fractal nature of the music has been widely studied.This article which researches into music automatic classification from the fractal point,proposes a new methodology of music automatic classification based on fractal dimension:Determine the indicator of the scope of music classification from calculating and comparing the fractal dimensions of different music styles,then do music classification with this indicator.In this article,it is proved by experiments that this method is efficient,simple to use and with high accuracy.


In this paper, we investigate the effects of Type IV singularity through $f(T)$ gravity description of inflationary universe, where $T$ denotes the torsion scalar. With the Friedmann equations of the theory, we reconstruct a $f(T)$ model according to a given Hubble rate susceptible to describe the inflationary era near the type IV singularity. Moreover, we calculate the Hubble flow parameters in order to determine the dynamical evolution of the cosmological system. The results show that some of the Hubble flow parameters are small near the Type IV singularity and become singular at Type IV Singularity, indicating that a dynamical instability of the cosmological system occurs a that point. This means that the dynamical cosmological evolution up to that point, ceases to be the final attractor since the system is abruptly interrupted. Furthermore, by considering the $f(T)$ trace anomaly equation and the slow-roll conditions, we deal with the de Sitter inflationary description of the reconstructed model. As results, the model leads to a conditional instability, view as the source of the graceful exit from inflation. Our theoretical $f(T)$ description based on slow-roll parameters not only confirms some observational data on spectral index and the scalar-to-tensor ratio from Planck data and BICEP$2$/Keck-Array data, but also shows the property of $f(T)$ gravity in describing the early and late-time evolution of our universe.


We argue that Coulomb interaction can strongly influence non-local electron transport in normal-superconducting-normal structures and emphasize direct relation between Coulomb effects and non-local shot noise. In the tunneling limit non-local differential conductance is found to have an S-like shape and can turn negative at non-zero bias. At high transmissions crossed Andreev reflection yields positive noise cross-correlations and Coulomb anti-blockade of non-local electron transport.


A database system for retrieving the information on wood collections was developed using the D-BASE III Plus program for personal computers. Basic information of biological, physical, chemical and technological properties was added to the data which used to be employed in simple card systems, such as identification number, species name and collection site. All information was fast and reliably retrievable. This paper also discussed the results of a survey on wood collections housed at domestic colleges and research institutes.


A method for alarming a driver by - detecting an emergency situation to generate a corresponding detection signal, and - outputting a warning signal to the driver based on the detection signal, wherein the warning signal comprises a shock which is applied to the driver and / or the limbs, the jerk to the entire vehicle and thus also on the driver is applied, characterized that the back is realized by a pressure reduction in the brake system and that built up in the brake system from a time t0, the brake pressure p up to a slight pressure p1, the vehicle is not braked noticeably, and that after reaching the braking pressure p1 at time t1 one or more valves of the brake system are opened, so that the braking pressure is reduced with a steep gradient, which is substantially steeper than the gradient to build up the brake pressure p1, so that a jolt to the rider is obtained.


Problem statement: The current work study the efficiency of biological wastewater treatment by an aerobic reactor which could be used in small agglomerations. RBC reduced physicochemical and microbiological load of wastewater but values remain above Tunisian standard. Approach: Experiments were conducted on a sand filled PVC column fed with wastewater treated by Rotating Biological Contactor (RBC) at a pulsed rhythm of 8 sequences per day. For performances study process, physicochemical and bacterial analyses effluent at inlet and outlet of column were realized. Results: The results showed that through filter mass (D10 = 0.55 mm, D60 = 1.3 mm and coefficient uniformity = 2.36) 96% of suspended solids, 99% of NH4 +-N (during first phase), 92% of COD, 91% of BOD5 and 46% of phosphorus are retained by surface filtration. The microbial abatement results is <1.6 Log units of indicators fecal contamination (fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci and E. coli). The microbial water quality is slightly higher than Tunisian standards. The removal of microbial indicators in the considered reactor depends on the depth of the filter and negatively correlated with NO3 --N (r = -0.99, with E. coli at 3rd OPD). Conclusion/Recommendation: Results confirmed that the reactor tested is performed as an advanced treatment system for DBO, COD, SS, NH4 +-N and NO3 --N. Despite that 96% of SS efficiency reduction, clogging is not achieved quickly that due to biofilm detachment phenomena. The removal of microbial indicators in the considered reactor depends on the depth of the filter and negatively correlated with NO3 --N. Disinfection performances for the considered reactor reduce microbial load, however chlore, ozone or UV disinfection should be considered.


This paper aims at exploring the impact of applying a blended learning approach on the classroom attendance of engineering students post COVID-19. In this study, an interactive e-learning teaching approach, including synchronous online teaching delivery, was used as an alternative option in addition to regular face-to-face teaching. This approach was offered to all students attending two engineering modules, whether being still stranded off-campus or couldn't participate face-to-face for any reason. The major research question of this study is: given that engineering modules can be delivered effectively and interactively online, how will this affect student face-to-face attendance in the classroom? All students who attended the modules were asked to complete a quantitative survey where they could give their views on the quality of the tuition they had received and their opinions on the effectiveness of the online delivery. Evaluative data was obtained from a variety of means to provide a coherent case study. The paper presents comments and feedback from the students and some proposed implications for engineering student attendance when alternative online module delivery is an option. The outcomes of this study could help to inform pedagogies for future engineering education.


Abstract : Knowing when to reengineer is key to helping managers make decisions that are cost effective and beneficial to reaching their organizational goals. The Software Reengineering Criteria provides assistance in identifying automated information systems (AIS) that are candidates for reengineering and proposes how software reengineering technology can benefit AIS. Experiences in industry, government agencies, and academia fostered the development of this Criteria for identifying candidate information systems for software reengineering. This paper presents the Software Reengineering Criteria in four parts. First, a set of terms defines the activities within reengineering technology (Section 2: Definitions). An overview summarizes other sources providing guidance for when to reengineer (Section 3: Existing Guidance for Software Reengineering). The criteria characterizes software systems and software engineering environments that exhibit the potential to benefit from reengineering technology and presents recommendations for software reengineering strategies (Section 4: Software Reengineering Criteria). Finally, potential application areas for the Criteria are explored (Section 5: Application Areas for Selection Criteria).


The function library of Matlab provides a bridge to realize the design-scheme in embedded systems and helps to accelerate software development.In the present work,by using Matlab Coder,Matlab functions are converted to C code in static library files,then the generated C code are successfully transplanted and run in the embedded ARM board by using a cross-compiler in Linux.The experimental results show that,it running well in the target systems by using this generating software code,its ease of maintenance and execution efficiency are better than manually written code,realize the rapid generation of embedded system software code.


Christians in Egypt are awaiting the forthcoming Christmas celebrations with mixed feelings. For many, the festive joy is mixed with a recollection of the events in Nag Hammadi. During the evening of January 6, 2010, which for Orthodox Christians is Christmas Eve, unknown assailants fired from a passing car on visitors of the Christmas Mass in the Upper Egyptian town. Eight people were killed, many more were injured. Officially, the crime was called an act of revenge for the rape of a Muslim girl by a Christian in a nearby village two months earlier. According to the authorities, it was the work of individuals and had nothing to do with religious tensions and conflicts. Three suspects were arrested shortly afterwards and charged for murder. Their leader was already well-known to the police. The Christian minority in Egypt, as well as many journalists and even some politicians, were not satisfied with the official explanation. Throughout the country, there have been riots between angry groups of Christians and Muslims. Many Copts1 demonstrated outside the Egyptian courts and in front of government buildings. The prosecuting authorities and security services were openly accused of failure, and the issue was the cause of many heated debates in the Egyptian parliament.


Wireless power transfer system via magnetic resonance coupling (WPT/MRC) displays its superiority in its higher efficiency, longer range and greater power output. Up to now, diverse circuit architectures are widely utilized in WPT system. This paper conducts research on series-parallel mixed-resonance (SPMR) model, by analyzing the equivalent circuit model using circuit theory, the effects that the coupling coefficient between the coils, compensation capacitance ratio and load resistance may have on the efficiency and the output power are elaborated, and the general expressions for symmetry and asymmetric SPMR WPT systems of efficiency and power were obtained. Furthermore, the general expressions can be used in the analysis for the four basic topologies (series-series, series-parallel, parallel-series and parallel-parallel) by setting the compensation capacitance ratio as 1 or 0. Numerical calculated by the Matlab software and circuit simulated by Advanced Design System (ADS), the results show that the compensation capacitance ratio of SPMR topology plays a crucial role in WPT system. Compared with common series-series model, by optimizing the compensation capacitance ratios, the efficiency of SPMR WPT system can not only be improved effectively, but also the output power can be enlarged when the coil distance is far. Additionally, optimum loads of the best efficiency point and maximum power point are changeable under the condition of changing distance. Consequently, the SPMR circuit has great practicability and transfer performance. A wireless power transfer system with series-parallel mixed-resonance structure via magnetic resonance coupling is designed and created in this paper and the correctness of the aforementioned theoretical analyses and calculation simulation is verified through the experimental results.


The Smith College Campus Center bulletin boards generate a large amount of paper waste. Fliers, advertising community and campus events, cover the boards and are removed every week. Although the fliers are reused and then recycled, reducing the amount of paper used initially would have a positive environmental impact. This project was designed to find a way to reduce the paper waste associated with the bulletin boards, as well as find out the best ways to communicate information about campus events with students. A study done on the two bulletin boards on the main level of the Campus Center showed that multiple copies of fliers were the largest contributor to the excess paper use. A survey of Smith students showed that Facebook and department emails were the preferred sources of information about campus events, but the bulletin boards were used occasionally. This suggests that students respond to information targeted at them, as well as posters that catch their eyes. Recommendations for improvement include phasing out the bulletin boards in the downstairs of the Campus Center and enforcing a limit of one flier per event on the upstairs bulletin boards by requiring people to turn in their fliers to be posted. This would ensure that each flier would be seen and duplication would not be necessary. Along with strengthening alternate methods of communication, especially online resources, within the college community, changing the bulletin board system would heighten people's mindfulness about paper use and make it easier to find interesting events. Introduction Every week the Smith College Campus Center's bulletin boards are covered with posters for upcoming events sponsored by the college, fliers about Northampton events, advertisements from student organizations, and fliers from community members. The bulletin boards are an effective and easy way to communicate with a large number of Smith students—all that is


Effects of Consuming A Supplement with Antioxidant Action on Physical Fatigue and Sports Performance Akiharu SUDO, Kenji YAMADA, Kazunaga YAZAWA 1 Faculty of Physical Education, Kokushikan University 2 Lecturer Faculty of Physical Education , Kokushikan University 3 Waseda University Research Organization for Nano & Life Innovation Objectives: The current study examined a supplement (denoted here as V7) containing astaxanthin, reduced coenzyme Q10, leucine, arginine, citrulline, DHA, and krill oil and a placebo containing only salad oil. This study examined the subjective level of fatigue and the performance level while subjects consumed the supplement or the placebo for 30 day. Methods: Subjects were 19 members of the women's softball club at a physical education university. Results: Results indicated that leg fatigue, the state of the back, dark spots on the skin, and performance on a 50-m sprint improved significantly after consuming V7 in comparison to values prior to consumption. Scores for a total of 6 items—leg fatigue, the state of the hips, the state of the back, skin blotches, and eye strain—improved significantly after consuming V7 in comparison to values prior to consumption. Conclusion: These findings presumably indicate that DHA (an essential fatty acid) and krill oil (krill are rich in the ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids DHA and EPA) in phospholipid form are taken up by the cell membrane. The 2 substances enhance cell and tissue function in the body by prompting cells to take up nutrients and quickly eliminate waste products. Moreover, reduced coenzyme Q10 had 2 actions—"production of energy" and "antioxidant action" that inhibited physical deterioration— while astaxanthin had "antioxidant action." This antioxidant action, anti-fatigue action, antiinflammatory action, enhanced immunity, and enhanced endurance synergistically acted to alleviate general fatigue. Moreover, muscle protein synthesis stimulated by leucine, arginine, and citrulline alleviated muscle fatigue in the legs, knees, hips, and back, presumably accounting for the improved time on the 50-m sprint.


In this letter we address the issue of generating appropriate tiny neutrino masses within the framework of a particular SU(3)c ⊗ SU(3)L ⊗ U(1)X gauge model by adding three singlet exotic Majorana neutrinos to the ones included in the three lepton triplet representations. The theoretical device is the general method of treating gauge models with high symmetries SU(3)c ⊗ SU(N)L ⊗ U(1)X proposed by Cotăescu more than a decade ago. When it is worked-out in the 3-3-1 model it supplies a unique free parameter (a) to be tuned in order to get a realistic mass spectrum for both the boson and charged-fermion sectors. Its most appealing feature (of special interest here) is that it contains all the needed ingredients to realize the inverse seesaw mechanism for neutrinos. The mandatory couplings leading to the lepton number soft violation in pure Majorana terms result without invoking any element outside the model (such as GUT scales, as one usually does in the literature). The overall breaking scale in this particular model can be set around 1 TeV so its phenomenology is quite testable at present facilities. PACS numbers: 14.60.St; 12.60.Cn; 12.60.Fr; 14.80.Cp.


The paper provides the decision-making experience in a mobile company which decided to entirely change their product line. The case analysis also identifies the decision-making issues that were aroused in the case as well as why those issues aroused. The theory used in the analysis include: Bounded Rationality, Personality, Motivation, and Porter's five forces. Finally, it also gives critical reflection and how I might have dealt with those issues using theories such as: Herzberg's Motivation Theory, SWOT Analysis and Analytic Hierarchy Process.


Introduction: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of platelet antibodies, resulting in the destruction of platelets and inhibition of their production. Many cytokine profile study have revealed a clear T helper type1 (Th1) cytokine polarization in chronic ITP patients, using quantitative RT-PCR and flow cytometry method. However, it remains unclear whether genetic factors of Th1/Th2 cytokine and cytokine receptor affect chronic ITP. We investigated the impact of IFN-γ+874T/A, IFN-γ receptor (R) -611G/A, IL-4 -590C/T, and IL-4 receptor (R) a Q576R polymorphisms on the susceptibility and clinical feature of chronic ITP and Th1/Th2 ratio in peripheral blood of ITP patients, Patients and methods: Genotyping was determined by PCR based technique and direct sequencing. The diagnosis and response criteria of the ITP were defined according to International Working Group criteria. We evaluated Th1/Th2 ratio in peripheral blood of 15 normal donors and 25 ITP patients by intracellular flow cytometry. Intracellular IL-4 (Th2 cytokine) and IFN-γ (Th1 cytokine) production was assessed in CD4+ T lymphocytes activated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and ionomycin by flow cytometry. This study was approved by the IRB of our hospital. Results: The platelet count ranged from 1´10 9 /L to 98´10 9 /L with a mean count of 32´10 9 /L at the initial diagnosis. Eighty-three patients (56.1%) had bleeding tendency and 24 patients (16.2%) had severe thrombocytopenia ( 9 /L). Steroid treatment was given to 86 patients (58.1%), and eradication of Helicobacter pylori was performed in 38 patients (25.7%), while splenectomy was performed in only 18 patients (12.2%). As compared to control group, chronic ITP patients had significantly higher frequency of the IL-4R576 non-QQ (low function type) than QQ (high function type) (29.7% vs 15.2%, P 9 /mL vs 33±27 X10 9 /mL, p Conclusion: These findings suggested that Th1 polarization of Th1/Th2 cytokine and cytokine receptor polymorphisms affect the susceptibility and severity of chronic ITP. Especially, IL-4Ra576 QQ genotype may be closely associated with the risk of ITP and Th1 polarization. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


We present in this paper an alternative for tlie internal (short-circuit arid overshoot) poctrer dissipation estimation of CMOS striictiires. Using n first order macro-niodelling, we consider siihicronic additionrial effects such as: input slew dependency of short-circuit curretits arid inpiit-tooutpiit coupling. Cotisiderirzg an equivalent capacitance concept we directly compare the different power conipotietits. Validutions are presented by comparing siniirkited \*allies (HSPICE level 6, foundry model 0.7pm) to calculated ones. Application to Duffer design enlightens the iiiiportance oj tlie interiial power coriiporient arid clearly .sho,i.s tliat coninioii sizing altertiutives for power arid de1li.v iizitiinii:atioti cm De considered. I- Introduction Usual trade-offs for low power design interchange speed with power by reducing the average active capacitance necessary to propagate signals. However carefull study of power dissipation in CMOS structures gives evidence of the importance of internal components which can have higher contributions than the external capacitive one. In order for designers to effectively reduce power dissipation, an analytical but accurate power dissipation model, considering the complete contribution of power components. is needed. This model must be design oriented to allow the estimation of power consumption for evaluating power induced design alternatives or identifying the specific parts that need to be optimized for low power. Usually three terms of power are distinguished in CMOS integrated circuits.


In allusion to the practical situations of common highway construction,the main deflections of pavement roughness are analyzed.Meanwhile the influence factors like base,spreading machine,rolling and the prevention measures are thoroughly studied.It can provide reference for highway maintenance.


The behavior Gesetzesnmgehung is reguarded as a problem to lawful for long period, which lacks of research and brings forth new idea in system. And the behavior of Gesetzesumgehung is a general phenomenon. That cannot be avoided and neglected. The article tries to analyses its cause and its key onganized parts in order to promote the attention and the research of this problem in the theoretical field.


Analytical expressions for spontaneous and induced by blackbody radiation energy shifts and widths of atomic circular states are derived. The features of asymptotic behavior of the total width and energy shifts for highly excited Rydberg circular states in blackbody radiation field are described. Approximate equations are proposed for simple evaluations of energy characteristics and an absence of temperature-independent spontaneous contribution to the total energy width in a range of high temperatures and principal quantum numbers is demonstrated.


The stage of profound basic preparation in the rhythmic gymnastics corresponds to the age of sportswomen of 11-13 years. Perspective and gifted gymnasts approach to this stage generally. The purpose of the stage of profound preparation transition of the gymnasts to execution of the difficult and very difficult elements that as was proved demands symmetric development of the special physical abilities and motor actions. Unfortunately, the insufficient attention of the trainers to the symmetric development of the gymnasts at stages of the initial and specialized basic preparation results in necessary to work with the gymnasts with expressed asymmetry that has an adverse effect on both technique and on the artistry of execution. Today there are no experimental data upon the fact how much time you need to devote to the exercises with the leader and how much with "not leader" extremity or the body side, the correction technique for equalization to the optimum level of already revealed motor asymmetries has not been developed, it induced to develop the technique of correction of motor asymmetry for decreasing of the asymmetry of physical abilities and motor actions due to increase of flexibility, force, endurance and coordination "not leader" extremity in the concrete motor act.


This paper introduces several optical fiber voltage transducers based on electro optic effect, and describes their operational principles and characteristics of different structures such as transverse modulation type and longitudinal modulation type, penetrative type and reflective type, voltage divided type and no voltage divided type, separated type and combined type, single light path type and double light path type, single crystal type and double crystal type etc. in great detail.


The paper focuses on the design of a biochip for Single Cell Analysis (SCA) using microfluidics. Several techniques have been developed for analysis of human cells. But most of these analyses are done on a group of cells assuming that all the cells within an isogenic cell population are homogenous. However, many evidences show that cellular heterogeneity occurs even within an isogenic cell population. Therefore, single cell analysis has been gaining a lot of importance in the recent past. The main objective is to design a micro-well with vertical trapping. The focus is on capturing a single cell by optimizing the shape and size of the micro-well and microchannel using hydrodynamics. The design simulation is done using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The paper provides a comparative analysis of various designs proposed, based on their performance and design parameters.


An e-cient second-order stable numerical method is presented to solve the model partial difierential equations of thermal glass flber processing. The physical process and structure of the model equations are described flrst. The numerical issues are then clarifled. The heart of our method is a MacCormack scheme with ∞ux limiting. The numerical method is validated on a linearized isothermal model and by comparison with known exact stationary solutions. The numerical method is then generalized to solve the equations of motion of thermal glass flber drawing, exhibiting order of convergence. Further, the nonlinear PDE scheme is benchmarked against an independent linearized stability analysis of boundary value solutions near the onset of instability, which demonstrates the e-ciency of the method.


Theoretical and experimental literature dealing with the release of radon from water to air is reviewed and synthesized. Primary emphasis is placed on releases from domestic water supplies to indoor air within the context of a general indoor radon problem. The widely used assumption of 1 rhoCi/L increment in indoor air per 10 000 rhoCi/L in the water supply is valid, but regional and individual variations are important.


Introduction: CASCADE is an European interreg two seas project which aims to develop a new holistic model of integrated care for people living with dementia PLWD, based on the principles of positive health and the values of PLWD and their informal care givers. PLWD need flexible care to maximise their independence & respond to changing needs at different points in time. At present care is either limited at home or all-encompassing in an establishment. CASCADE will enable the PLWD to remain resident in their own community, in an all-inclusive form. All-inclusive involves targeted care-delivery, but also dementia-friendly leisure activities and services. Using a social participatory action research design we explored the experiences and perspectives  of PLWD, informal caregivers and entrepreneurs on dementia-friendly leisure.  Theory/methods: Data were collected using the dialogue table method, ten entrepreneurs and 12 PLWD/their informal care givers were involved in sessions in Kortrijk and Heist-op-den-Berg in Flanders.  Results: The sessions with PLWD provide information on the ways in which dementia is perceived by the community and how this affects their inclination to undertake activities. These also provided the conditions under which leisure activities become suitable for PLWD and what adaptations can be made to the current services and activities to suit their needs. Another key point for the informal caregivers was that they need support to undertake activities both with and without their family member with dementia. The entrepreneurs are interested in providing dementia friendly cities, but they feel more training is needed to enable this. There are many individual initiatives, but more collaboration is needed to provide a more complete offer and this needs to be promoted through a collaborative and accessible format.  Discussion: There are many initiatives around tourism and leisure suitable for PLWD, but this information is hard to find. However, leisure activities are crucial in enabling PLWD to continue their participation in society, but they often receive negative reactions from the community and their behaviour is often misunderstood. This leads to feelings of anxiety in PLWD and to their gradual withdrawal from society. Conclusion: A new offer of activities suitable for PLWD is not needed, because with small adaptations, the current offer can be made more dementia-friendly. More collaboration is needed to make it easier to find suitable activities. At the same time, a more supportive and understanding society needs to be created to enable continued participation of PLWD. Lessons learned: The method of dialogue tables is a very suitable method for the population central to this research, as it enables them to speak from their own experiences, and concentrates on opportunities and wishes, not just on their limitations. Limitations: This report is based mainly on the views of the informal caregivers. The respondents have been invited on personal basis, because they were interested in this topic, this could have influenced our findings. Suggestions for future research: PLWD themselves have not been sufficiently involved in the dialogue tables, future research should take more efforts to add their voices to these findings.


Background Carotid endarterectomy and carotid artery stenting are frequently complicated by hemodynamic instability. Aims The study aims to compare the incidence of hemodynamic complications between carotid artery stenting and carotid endarterectomy in the International Carotid Stenting Study (ISRCTN25337470). Methods Patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis were randomly allocated to carotid artery stenting or carotid endarterectomy. The occurrence of peri-procedural hemodynamic depression (severe bradycardia, asystole, or hypotension requiring treatment) and hypertension requiring treatment was assessed in a per-protocol analysis. We compared the rate of hemodynamic complications, determined independent predictors thereof, and assessed their relation with the composite outcome of all-cause death, stroke, and myocardial infarction within 30 days of treatment. Results A number of 766 carotid artery stenting and 819 carotid endarterectomy patients had a single completed intervention. Hemodynamic depression occurred in 13·8% after carotid artery stenting and in 7·2% after carotid endarterectomy (relative risk 1·9, 95% confidence interval 1·4–2·6, P < 0·0001). Hypertension requiring treatment occurred less often after carotid artery stenting than after carotid endarterectomy (relative risk 0·2, 95% confidence interval, 0·1–0·4, P < 0·0001). In carotid artery stenting patients, a history of cardiac failure was the strongest independent predictor of hemodynamic depression (relative risk 2·4, 95% confidence interval 1·3–4·8, P = 0·009). There was no statistically significant association between hemodynamic complications and the occurrence of the composite outcome. Conclusion Hemodynamic depression occurs more often after carotid artery stenting and severe hypertension more often after carotid endarterectomy, but these complications are not responsible for the excess of major perioperative events after carotid artery stenting.


Large number of cameras,how to rapid diagnosis of the camera on,off state,the video display,improve maintenance efficiency,improve maintenance of quality of service,a communications company leaders to consider the point.The system is to address how to quickly diagnose the problem demands the camera came into being.


Extremely-Low-Frequency(ELF) magnetic fields are generated around power cables and bus bars in power systems. Such the stray fields may cause disturbances to nearby electronic apparatus and affect even human health. In order to seeking out a proper way to reducing the fields, the first thing to do is to accurately predict field distribution around analysis models of interest. Then, optimization techniques should be applied for finding a more improved design than the initial one. To achieve this goal, commercial electromagnetic software, MagNet, is combined with evolution strategy algorithm. For verification of the proposed method, three-phase power line cables and busbar systems have been tested.


Formulas and graphs, based on the statistical criterion of Cowan and Nehemias, are presented for determining the lowest activity which can be demonstrated with a particular measurement system. Examples are given to illustrate the practical application of the diagram for determining this limit. (auth)


In this work we analyze symmetry locking phenomena in loop networks with periodically switched connections. Exploiting the spatio-temporal symmetry properties of the system, we compute the rotation numbers of locked periodic regimes for which symmetry locking occurs. As a bifurcation parameter is varied, we compute the complete Devil's staircase reporting the symmetry of the locked periodic regimes.


Background and Purpose: Despite the vast number of researches on the topic, it remains controversial whether there is a significant relationship between Helicobacter pylori and ABO blood groups. The aim of this study was to verify the incidence of seropositive Helicobacter pylori infection among patients with dyspepsia symptoms and to verify the frequencies of ABO blood groups in Helicobacter pylori seropositive patients. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study based on purposive sampling was designed to include 50 Helicobacter pylori positive patients based on the positivity of fecal antigens in Nangarhar University Teaching Hospital from 4th July 2019 to 20th April 2020 and their blood group antigen typing was undertaken for ABO/Rh systems. Percentages and frequencies were considered for categorical variables while mean and standard deviation for continuous variables and further required statistical tests were pursed suing SPSS version 26 and the significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results: The ABO blood group distribution of Helicobacter pylori positive patients was 26% (13/50), 24% (12/50), 10% (5/50), 40% (20/50) for blood group A, B, AB, and O respectively. There was an association (statistically significant for some variables) between sex (p<0.0028), use of NSAIDs (p<0.0013), smoking cigarette (p<0.040), alcohol consumption (p=0.062) and coffee (p=0.058). Conclusion: The study concludes that Helicobacter pylori infection has some relation with the ABO blood group. Although Helicobacter pylori positive patients appeared more in patients with blood group O than other group types, their association was not statistically significant.


This research compared the accuracy of spatial updating of targets in front with that of targets behind. The participant viewed a target on the ground several meters away and then, without vision, sidestepped along a guide rope while trying to mentally update the location of the target. On some trials, the target location was in front as the person sidestepped and, on other trials, the target location was behind. Participants responded by facing the updated target location with eyes closed. The results indicate that people are able to update target locations behind them very nearly as well as target locations in front.


This article introduced the training algorithm for the newest branch of statistic learning theory, SVM(Support Vector Machine), which can be classified into three categories: the first is the Decomposition Algorithm, whose delegate is SVMlight , the second is sequence algorithm, the third is online training algorithm. All the three kinds of algorithms' advantages and disadvantages were analysed. And other algorithms and multi class algorithms are introduced too. The future direction and application of SVM in pattern recognition and data mining, and so on were introduced.


Time and space average of an ergodic systems following the 5-tuple relations (A,~,J,Σ,μ) through the initial increment from a+bθ to a+c+bθ indicates the entropy to be reserved in the deterministic yet dynamical and conservative systems to hold for the set S_p= S_1 ∑_(i=2)^∞_S_i keeping S as the entropy ∃(S_∞=⋯S_3=S_2 )>S_1 obeying the Poincare ́ recurrence theorem throughout the constant attractor A. This in turn states the facts of the equivalence closure as the property of the induced systems to resemblance an entropy conserving scenarios.


Various linguistic roles have been hypothesized for the jaw. In Browman and Goldstein's Articulatory Phonology, it is identified as the common articulator among gestures involving the lower lip, tongue tip, and tongue body, and Goldstein has suggested that this may underly the differentiation in Arabic phonology between oral consonants (labials, dentals, velars) and gutturals (uvulars, pharyngeals, glottals). Keating (1983) proposed that consonants are specified for relatively fixed jaw heights (sibilants higher than stops higher than glides), providing the phonetic basis for sonority sequencing constraints. Macchi (1985) proposed that jaw height during consonants reflects both a passive coarticulation with neighboring vowels, and an active suprasegmental specification (lower in stressed syllables). This paper re‐examines these hypotheses using a corpus contrasting different places of articulation. The hypotheses are supported more or less well, depending on place. For example, Macchi's hypothesis was bor...


While adaptive tuning of vibration absorbers (ATVA) have been widely studied for vibration control applications, limited studies have been done to explore their potential for noise control applications. This study aims to utilize magnetorheological elastomer (MRE)-based ATVA to control the radiated sound from an elastic plate excited by a plane wave especially at low frequencies. Radiated sound from a clamped circular plate integrated with MRE-based ATVA is analytically studied using classical plate theory. Rayleigh integral approach is, then, used to express the transmitted sound pressure in terms of the plate's displacement modal amplitude. A MRE-based ATVA under shear mode is investigated. The semi-active Skyhook controller is proposed to attenuate the transverse displacement of the plate and subsequently reduce the radiated sound. The controller determines the current input to the electromagnet and tunes the MRE-based ATVA with the desired stiffness.Copyright © 2016 by ASME


Current air traffic forecast methods employed by the FAA function under the assumption that the flight route network will not change, that is, no new flight routes will be added and no existing flight routes will be removed. However, in reality the competitive nature of the airline industry is such that new routes are routinely added between cities possessing significant passenger demand while other city-pairs are removed. This paper investigates models for forecasting network reconfiguration that exploit knowledge of network structure in the Air Transportation System (ATS), with the goal of improving overall forecast that drives policy and infrastructure enhancement decision-making. Keywords-forecast; network theory; air traffic


: As the consumption pattern of our people gradually develops in the direction of diversification and the concept of green and safety continues to grow, people have also put forward higher requirements for the supply and quality of food. In recent years, China's logistics industry has developed rapidly, but due to the late start, the logistics infrastructure is not perfect, the lack of a unified platform for logistics, and the level of information technology is low, making the transport process loss still serious. China is the world's largest producer of fruits and vegetables, but the annual loss rate in fruit and vegetable logistics transport has been high, much higher than in other developed countries, resulting in huge economic losses. This paper carefully analyses the existing problems of fruit and vegetable logistics and distribution in Chongqing from several aspects and puts forward proposals for building a fruit and vegetable logistics and distribution system from the perspectives of the government, enterprises and society, in the hope that through logistics integration and technological innovation, the loss rate of fruit and vegetables in the transportation process in Chongqing can be reduced.


Objective To investigate possible nerological origination of rabbit P3a potential.Method we simultaneously recorded the ERPs at dura and various depths beneath the skull in a point of rabbit skull,similarly did some in different points of rabbit skull.Result In the Brodmann 25 and 32 areas(AcgI),the polarity of P3a to those at dura was markedly reverse and the reverse rate of P3a(81.3%) was significantly higher than other locations,the P3a without polarity reversal showed steep voltage gradient.There was an increasing trend of the P3a reversal and moderate voltage gradient nearby the AcgI,but not other regions.Conclusion Rabbit P3a potential possibly originate from the AcgI acea.


The activity of monoamine oxidase was studied in the heart mitochondria of normal and hyperthyroid rats using manometric techniques. A definite age effect was observed in normal rats with an increase from 0-trace activity in post-natal to approximately 1000 μl. O2 consumed/gram/hour in 5–600 gram rats. Desiccated thyroid diet (2%) and l-triiodothyronine produced an increase in heart monoamine oxidase activity of from 70 to 200% depending upon the age group of the animals used. d-Triiodothyronine did not have this stimulating effect when used at equimolar doses. The effect of oxygen tension on the oxidation rate of tyramine is different for the heart and liver enzymes.


In order to have a good understanding of the psychological health of university students in different specialitiesCsuch as students of arts,science and physical education),the author carried out an investigation into the undergraduates of different specialities in Beijng by means of SCL-90 chart. According to statistics,analysis and comparison of the psychological health among the studentsof art,science and physical education,the author came to the following conclusions; 1)The psychological standard of university students is above the average level of the whole youth throughout the country. 2)Students of physical education have a better state of psychological health,and this is closely and directly connected with their constant exercises and competitions. 3)There is no obvious difference between the students of arts and sciences in terms of their psychological health standard.


This paper proposes a new hypothesis according to which the prolonged impact of the early metabolic environment on the development and progression of diabetes-related complications is modulated by a process of metabolic memory. The authors suggest that long before the advent of hyperglycemia, events occur that permanently alter cells, such as endothelial cells, and thus lay the groundwork for the development of both the microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes. Large-scale clinical trials have demonstrated that metabolic control achieved early in the course of diabetes substantially reduces development and progression of diabetes and the associated microvascular complications. Additionally, prospective observational studies have demonstrated that concentrations of atherogenic and inflammatory mediators are raised even before the onset of diabetes and contribute significantly to subsequent development of macrovascular complications. Collectively, these data suggest that metabolic memories are stored early in the course of diabetes. The authors believe that insulin suppresses inflammation, glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity and thus plays a pivotal and beneficial role. Comprehensive metabolic control, especially when instituted early, may alter the natural history of diabetic complications by affecting this metabolic memory.


A face seal for mounting on a component whose material has a different thermal expansion in the introduction which is usable in a wide temperature range without danger of fatigue and mountable in a simple manner on the component as the material of the face seal, it is suggested that the face seal with the compensating is provided, each comprising at least one compensation region, the width of which so changes in the mounted state of the surface seal with a change in temperature of the face seal, that the different thermal expansions of the gaskets and of the component at least partly (preferably substantially fully) are compensated.


To characterize the doping effects on rutile, the electronic structures of Fe, Co and Ni doped titanium dioxide were investigated through band structure calculations by first-principles simulation with ABINIT code. The results showed the 3d and 2p unoccupied mixed states appeared in the forbidden band. This decreases the transition energy for electrons and can improve the absorption of TiO2 in visible-light region.


Cost, quality and technology leadership are no longer sufficient for businesses to secure critical advantage. Instead, differentiations are being provided through the supply of innovative services, which can rapidly develop into a firm's unique selling proposition. However, although services can provide additional competitive advantage, the inherent differences between product and service can cause difficulty in the effective integration of the two processes. Services are dominated by intangible elements which can be difficult to perceive and quantify. Within the medical device industry, the growing focus on usability, patient safety and increasing regulatory requirements has further complicated the already complex development process. In order to meet regulations, development is undertaken within strict boundaries to produce tightly controlled outputs. It can be seen that there is an incongruity between the nature of medical device development and the service development processes. This paper explores the constraints and inhibitors of service creation within the context of the medical device industry. Service innovation and its application is discussed. Difficulties in the addition of a service element and their potential solution within a medical device context are explored.


This chapter describes the North Pacific region and the major issues facing this marine fisheries ecosystem, and presents some summary statistics related to the 90 indicators of ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) criteria. The North Pacific contains the fifth-highest number of managed taxa, including commercially and recreationally important groundfish (e.g., walleye pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, lingcod, halibut, rockfishes, yellowfin sole), cephalopods, king-and Tanner crabs, salmon, and steelhead. The North Pacific ecosystem has biota and marine communities that are responding to the consequences of fishing pressure, climate oscillations, and other ocean uses. More recent stressors, including substantial regional warming, associated species shifts, increasing human population density, and proliferation of invasive species are affecting this system and altering its composition, dynamics, and LMR production. Overall, a moderate to high degree of EBFM progress has been made in the eastern Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands, and Gulf of Alaska in terms of implementation, advancing knowledge of ecosystem principles, examining trade-offs, assessing risks and vulnerabilities, and in beginning to establish and use ecosystem-level reference points for management. While much information has been obtained and applied toward ecosystem-level calculations, syntheses, and models, continued progress in applying these system-wide emergent properties into regional management frameworks remains necessary.


Enterprise architectures (EA) embody the business objectives, processes and information technology infrastructure reflecting the desired incorporation and standardization requirements of a company's operating model. It is vital that during the initial design stages the software system's architecture aligns with the EA. While frameworks exist to check the alignment of enterprise and system architectures, there is an assumption of well-defined requirements derived from the EA's business objectives. This transition is non-trivial as the EA can be a significant document representing the viewpoints of the stakeholders. This paper proposes and illustrates, using the Grounded Theory Methodology, a systematic, qualitative procedure, to extract the functional and non-functional enterprise requirements from the EA and/or system description. The contribution of this work is to further systematize the alignment and traceability of EA and system architectures and provide the initial requirements and system models necessary for supporting the of enterprise systems.


Based on the theory of grey system, this paper established GM (1,1) model to forecast irrigation area and water consumption in Hebei province. Checked up the model with residual error text, relational coefficient test, variance test, and little probability of error test, the precision of the model is good enough to meet the requirement, proved the feasibility and adaptable of the method. So it can be used to forecast irrigation area and water consumption. The result of this model will be the key to upgrade irrigation agriculture in this area in the future.


In this work, control charts have been designed to detect anomalies in the infant mortality data of the urban area in Ecuador. In order to design these charts, negative binomial regression models were constructed for the annual mortality rate of boys and girls aged between 1 and less than 5 years. With the constructed models, two types of control charts were prepared: the first one, an EWMA (Exponentially Weighted Moving Average) version of the deviance residues of the constructed models and the second, a chart that monitors the average number of deaths through the estimate obtained by the regression model. For both charts, an approximate 95% confidence level has been considered. The EWMA chart was more efficient in detecting the sub-records that usually occur in the deaths of children in developing countries


Appraisal Theory is promising and applicable in many fields, but its interpretation in the field of conflict discourse is still in the exploratory stage. This article, aims to analyze the attitudinal meanings of conflict discourse between Mother-in-law and Daughter-in-law in the Chinese novel Double-Sides Adhesive , so as to testify the feasibility of Appraisal Theory.


Objective:To investigate the effect of spironolactone on ventricular remodeling in patients with asymptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction.Method:There were 63 patients with asymptomatic left ventricular Systolic Dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction40%,left ventricular end diastolic volume index75 ml/m2,New York Heart Association classⅠ) were enrolled in our hospital from the december of 2007 to the june of 2009.Spironolactone 40 mg/d was randomly administered in addition to the routine treatment for 32 patients.All the patients were examined echocardiography to assess left ventricular end diastolic volume index (LVEDVI),left ventricular end systolic volume index (LVESVI),left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) before treatment and 6 months after treatment.Result:In the 6 months after treatment,LVEDVI,LVESVI,LVMI and LVEF were ameliorated obviously in the two groups (P0.05).Spironolactone group was ameliorated more significantly (P0.05).Conclusion:Spironolactone was adminstered in addition to the routine treatment for patients with asymptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction to advance ameliorating ventricular remodeling.


Due to the importance of peptides and the absence of any analytical method for their study in wine using HPLC, an analytical method was developed which includes ultrafiltration for the separation of proteins and low pressure column chromatography using Sephadex LH-20 for separation of free amino acids and phenolic compounds. Peptide derivatives with o -phthalaldehyde were separated by reverse phase HPLC. Principal amino acids from peptides are: glutamic and aspartic acids, serine, glycine, alanine, and lysine.


Recent, the police has expand dedicated victim support system throughout the country, taken action rapidly to several crime victims and cooperated with the related organizations. Concretely, it`s a golden time that the victim can first contact with police after crime, so it`s very important that the police cooperated with the related organizations and has the closed network in order that the police supports victim` needs.
In this integrative victim supporting system, Department of Justice, the police and the prosecutor should be a key role for victim support. Also it agrees with Ministry of Gender Equality and Family should be the one of member. If it is so, we should check the victim support network and understand what kind of structure presented. Furthermore, we need to analyze some crimes are connected with which organizations as the central role.
This paper is for understanding the network of organizations, especially, the police has what kind of role in this network of victim support depending on type of crime. And it suggest the effective role in integrative victim support system by the social network analysis.


Abstract Increasing global food demand, and risks associated with climate change and agrochemicals demand novel and sustainable agricultural practices to improve crop yield and quality. Various strategies using nanotechnology have been explored widely to provide solutions. However, their application in the food industry is constrained by limited understanding of nanomaterial safety. Growing interest in the potential of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in agricultural applications has also resulted in increased crop exposure, leading to unknown risks to plants, animals and humans. Recently, considerable research has been carried out on overt plant response to ENMs; however, conclusive mechanistic information is lacking. With advancements in hyphenated analytical techniques, research on ENM-biota interactions has witnessed a paradigm shift from low-throughput, single end-point bioassays to high-throughput, discovery-oriented omic tools, including transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics. This review summarizes the pioneering studies utilizing omics in plants exposed to ENMs to explain phenotypic expressions and elucidate associated biological pathways. Advantages and challenges of current analytical techniques employed in proteomics and metabolomics are also discussed. We acknowledge the need for integration and application of multiomics to identify sensitive biomarkers in plants in response to ENMs, and provide mechanistic insights, in order to design enhanced and safer nano-enabled products for agriculture. Graphical Abstract


Ride comfort is one of the most important performance indices which decide the quality of a vehicle. If we can predict the performance of ride comfort by using computer simulations, the time and effort needed to improve ride comfort can be saved. A full vehicle model for a large bus with air suspension was developed, including nonlinearities of hydraulic damper and air suspension. Simulations were performed with this model to predict the ride comfort by using the 7DOF full car model. To evaluate ride comfort in vehicle dynamics, it is essential to describe a road surface profile precisely. We used a spatial domain power spectral density function method to generate road surface profiles.
Field tests were performed using both bump road and real road conditions. RMS(Root Mean Square) values for a bump road and WRMS(Weighted RMS) of PSD(Power Spectral Density) and RSS(Root Sum of Squares) for random road were calculated and compared with the results of feeling tests. These comparisons showed that RSS gave good agreement with the results of feeling test, and can be used to evaluate the ride comfort for a vehicle.


Energy-efficiency in underwater networks is essential since nodes are mostly battery powered and it is difficult to replenish their supply. Furthermore, since underwater acoustic sensor networks are effected by ambient environmental conditions leading to volatile network dynamics, large propagation delays and a high probability of error in transmissions, it is even more important to analyze the energy consumption characteristics in order to build an energy efficient robust network. Since the underwater acoustic channel behaves differently in deep water and shallow water it is important to understand the energy consumption characteristics of both channels. In this paper we present an overview of a study conducted to analyze the energy consumption in underwater acoustic sensor networks. The energy consumption for different transmission mechanisms (single-hop, multi-hop, etc.) are analyzed not only in deep and shallow water channels but the effect of varying ambient conditions are also presented.


In a 1976 paper, Robert DeKosky wrote 'William Crookes is a puzzle to historians of latenineteenth century science. Despite his achievements we are forced to ask why he did not accomplish more.' It is an interesting question; equally interesting is the question that prompts this paper – how did he accomplish so much? Why some scientists become prolific and successful is a question with both historical and ahistorical dimensions. Among the former are a number of cultural aspects rarely studied by historians. They include the nature of childhood experience, family attitudes, mentoring, and the existence of intellectual and practical support networks in adulthood. Ail are important, but how they contribute to individual success varies with time and place.


Rocket engine is a hard-core part of aerospace transportation and thrusting system, whose research and development is very important in national defense, aviation and aerospace. A novel vision sensor is developed, which can be used for error detecting in arc length control and seam tracking in precise pulse TIG welding of the extending part of the rocket engine jet tube. The vision sensor has many advantages, such as imaging with high quality, compactness and multiple functions. The optics design, mechanism design and circuit design of the vision sensor have been described in detail. Utilizing the mirror imaging of Tungsten electrode in the weld pool, a novel method is proposed to detect the arc length and seam tracking error of Tungsten electrode to the center line of joint seam from a single weld image. A calculating model of the method is proposed according to the relation of the Tungsten electrode, weld pool, the mirror of Tungsten electrode in weld pool and joint seam. The new methodologies are given to detect the arc length and seam tracking error. Through analyzing the results of the experiments, a system error modifying method based on a linear function is developed to improve the detecting precise of arc length and seam tracking error. Experimental results show that the final precision of the system reaches 0.1 mm in detecting the arc length and the seam tracking error of Tungsten electrode to the center line of joint seam.


Peroneus longus and brevis are the main evertors of the foot. They also help in plantar flexion of the ankle. Peroneus longus acts as a suspensory sling for maintaining the transverse arch of the foot [1]. It originates from the upper two third of the lateral surface of fibula, inter osseous membrane and lateral tibial condyle. Peroneus brevis takes its origin from the lower two thirds of fibula. Both muscles descend close to posterior surface of fibula with longus lying superficial to brevis. Behind the lateral malleolus both tendons occupy a common synovial sheath in a groove behind the lateral malleolus. They are held in position by the superior peroneal retinaculum [2]. Beyond this both tendons run antero-inferior to lateral malleolus over the calcaneum and cuboid. Over the calcaneum, the peroneus brevis tendon passes above and longus tendon passes below the peroneal trochlea to which inferior peroneal retinaculum attaches [3]. Peroneus longus inserts on to the medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal. Peroneus brevis attaches to the base of fifth metatarsal. Both muscles are supplied by the superficial peroneal nerve [4]. The blood supply to the peroneal tendons is from the posterior peroneal artery and the medial tarsal artery [5]. A low lying Peroneus brevis muscle is a relatively common variant where the muscle belly extends below the upper margin of superior peroneal retinaculum. The position of its musculotendinous junction can be affected by the position of the foot [6]. The retromalleolar groove is a fibro osseous tunnel bounded anteriorly by the osseous groove behind the fibula, posteroinferiorly by the tibiofbular ligament and posteriorly by the superior peroneal retinaculum, posterior talofibular ligament and calcaneofibular ligament [2]. It has a concave morphology proximally in most individuals. The shape of the groove has a bearing on the stability of the tendons lying in it. The shape of groove in its distal aspect is determined mainly by the thick fibrocartilage periosteal cushion over the bony groove and not by the bone itself [3]. The surface area of groove is increased laterally by the non-osseous fibrocartilage ridge and medially by the periosteal cushion. Subluxation of the peroneal tendons over the lateral malleolus occur when the peroneal retinaculam loses its integrity following a sprain or due to anatomical variations at the retromalleolar groove resulting in reduced conformity between the tendons and the groove [4,5].


The Tualatin River in northwest Oregon has been designated as water quality limited by the Oregon Department of Environmenta l Quality . Restoration and enhancement of riparian areas to improve water quality is one task to be pursued by management agencies . This paper examines some of the potential costs and benefits o f undertaking riparian restoration and enhancement on two tributarie s of the Tualatin . In general, the potential costs are likely to be more identifiable and have market prices associated with them . The potential benefits of riparian restoration are often public or non exclusive in nature. Measuring and estimating prices for benefits was found to be more difficult . Although costs of restoratio n depend on the standards adopted, the costs for the two study area s were found to be approximately $6,000 per stream mile at one sit e and $21,000 per stream mile at the other site . The cost of retirin g agricultural land from production was a major influence on the tota l costs and was significant in explaining the cost difference betwee n the two sites .


It is with great pleasure that we announce the winners of the seventh and eighth annualAndrology Awards honoring the bestmanuscript published in Andrology during the years 2019 and 2020, respectively. The 2019 Andrology Awardwas presented during the joint meeting of the European Academy of Andrology (11th Congress), the International Society of Andrology (12th Congress), and the German Society of Andrology (32th Congress) organized by the Münster group in digital form on December 5–9, 2020. The awarded paper was "Risk behaviours and alcohol in adolescence are negatively associated with testicular volume: results from the Amico-Andrologo survey" by Gianfrilli D, Ferlin A, Isidori AM, Garolla A, Maggi M, Pivonello R, Santi D, Sansone A, Balercia G, Granata ARM, Sinisi A, Lanfranco F, Pasqualetti P, Foresta C, Lenzi A, and 'Amico-Andrologo' Study Group. The authors reported on the Amico-Andrologo Survey, a permanent nationwide surveillance programme conducted by the Italian Society of Andrology and Sexual Medicine and supported by the Italian Ministry of Health. This study described data obtained from structured interviews and medical examinations of over 10,000 Italian teenagers visited during their last year of high school. The work detailed andrologic disorders, sexual activity, smoking and drinking habits, and illegal drug use, providing an important measure of unsuspected andrologic disorders and habits potentially harmful to testicular function among adolescents. The study was chosen for its quality and importance in increasing public and scientific awareness about prevention of andrologic disorders andmale health.1,2 The Andrology Award 2020 was presented on the occasion of the 46thAnnualMeeting of theAmerican Society ofAndrology,which took place in virtual form on April 23–25, 2021. The winning manuscript's title was "Sequence analysis of 37 candidate genes for male infertility: Challenges in variant assessment and validating genes" by Araujo TF, Friedrich C, Grangeiro CHP,Martelli LR, Grzesiuk JD, Emich J,Wyrwoll MJ, Kliesch S, Simões AL, and Tüttelmann F. The work stemmed from a collaboration between the Institute of Reproductive Genetics, University ofMünster, Germany, the Center of ReproductiveMedicine and Andrology, Münster University Hospital, and the Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil. The corresponding author is Dr. Corinna Friedrich, who is also co-first author with Dr. Araujo. For this study, the team performed whole-exome sequencing of genomic DNA isolated from the blood of patients with nonobstructive azoospermia. Based on a systematic review of monogenic causes of male infertility, they selected and analyzed a set of 37 genes related to azoospermia, Sertoli-cell-only


In the last decades an important number of constitutive models based on the concept of angular discretization of space have been developed. Two of the most important families of this kind of models are referred to as microplane (MPM) and multilaminate (MLM) theories. Both frameworks represent the behaviour of the material by considering the response on several so-called "integration planes" or "microplanes", where the yield surface and plastic potential are defined individually. Thus an initially isotropic material becomes anisotropic after loading, capturing plastic flow induced anisotropy intrinsically. Also, both frameworks allow considering inherent anisotropy as a particular case in a straightforward manner without mathematical complexity. In this paper the basics of each formulation will be explained and their similarities and differences, as well as their corresponding advantages, disadvantages, capabilities and limitations will be discussed. Some numerical simulation of simple laboratory tests will be performed to compare and illustrate the response of both formulations.


The authors describe the process of initiating an e-mail reference service in June 1995 at the Ohio State University Health Sciences Library and the growth of the service through December 2000. Data on increases in the number of questions over five and a half years, types of patrons who use the service, and types of questions and answers are presented. Issues that arose while providing e-mail reference services have caused the librarians at this library to rethink the services they provide to all patrons, regardless of the means of contact, and to integrate e-mail reference more effectively into the library's overall reference services. By the end of the twentieth century, most academic libraries had initiated some form of email reference services to complement their traditional in-person and phone assistance to patrons. The libraries of the Ohio State University (OSU) have been no exception. The authors of this article have analyzed the e-mail reference questions received, and the answers sent, at the OSU John A. Prior Health Sciences Library (HSL) from June 1995 to December 2000. The e-mail reference service has had an effect on the policies, procedures, and delivery of other, more traditional types of reference services in this library. These changes and their implications will be discussed, and other questions will be raised for future study. Literature Review A review of the literature on e-mail reference services revealed numerous articles from the mid-1980s to the present. Several of the articles in the 1980s described the development of electronic reference services and the initial low user response. (1) Beginning in the 1990s, authors expanded upon the topic and examined the management of e-mail reference and its implications. Articles pointed out e-mail reference's advantages and disadvantages, made practical suggestions such as what type of form to use, how to define the service policy, and how to staff and promote the service. Several authors suggested ways to analyze the service. (2) Additionally, two authors provided good reviews of the literature on the topic. (3) As the use of e-mail reference expanded, librarians kept records of the service and began studying the actual requests. Academic, public, and special librarians reported what types of questions were being asked and who asked them. (4) The categories of reference questions and type of requestors varied from article to article, but there were some common themes such as primary or nonprimary patrons, ready reference, and so on. Reviewing this data can assist librarians in identifying the information-seeking patterns of patrons and in planning services. History of the OSU Health Sciences Library's E-Mail Reference Service In 1994-95 the main library of OSU's library system started an e-mail reference service. Soon after its initiation, librarians at the main library began to forward health-related questions to the HSL's head of reference services. At that time, there were only one or two questions a month at most, but the HSL librarians foresaw that, as patrons became more accustomed to using the Internet, electronic services in general would become an alternative to in-person or phoned reference questions. They knew that they needed to position themselves for expansion into this area. In June 1995 the HSL head of reference met with the e-mail reference services coordinator at the main library, to learn more about their service's technical support, staffing, policies and procedures, and promotion to user groups. Librarians at HSL were consulted as the policy and procedures were developed. At the time, there was no e-mail access at the reference desk, so it was decided that initially the head of reference would field all questions sent to the new email reference address, either answering them herself or referring them to other librarians as appropriate for their areas of expertise. The head of reference kept records of all transactions, both questions and answers. …


Through consulting a large number of literature and expert interview survey,collecting research results of Chinese wrestling athletes power training means in China in the recent years,using the fuzzy mathematics method for processing,the author optimized the four kinds of training methods to improve Chinese wrestling athletes' power strength,and applied them to Shandong Sport University Chinese wrestling teams in training.The results of the study showed that the optimized training methods can effectively enhance the Chinese wrestling athletes power force level,which provide the theoretical basis and quantitative index for Chinese wrestling in the choice of explosive force means.


NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has observed water vapor above the frigid south polar region of Jupiter's moon Europa, providing the first strong evidence of water plumes erupting off the moon's surface.


The invention relates to a method for preparing resin, in particular to a method for preparing water-soluble resin. The method for preparing the water-soluble resin is characterized by comprising the following steps of: adding 30 to 50 kilograms of raw materials into a reaction kettle at the temperature of between 190 and 210 DEG C under the pressure of between 1.3 and 1.7MPa, then adding 1 to 3 kilograms of sodium hydroxide and 50 to 70 kilograms of water into the reaction kettle to perform alkaline hydrolysis reaction for 2 to 4 hours, adding 0.2 to 2 liters of low molecular aldehyde substance and 0.3 to 1 liter of silane into the reaction kettle and further reacting for 4 to 5 hours, and obtaining the water-soluble resin after the reaction is finished. The method has the advantages that: the water-soluble resin prepared by the method thoroughly solves the pollution problem of adhesive for casting by using the water as a medium, and has the advantages of low-temperature quick curing, energy conservation, no pollution, no odor, high strength, good collapsibility, wet creep resistance, dry moisture absorption resistance and the like.


The widespread use of wireless access networks caused a rapid and continuous growth of this segment under telecommunications industry by democratizing the use of wireless embedded devices what drives organizations to deploy this type of access into their network environments. It is critical that organizations obtain relevant technical and economic knowledge to support their decision-making process towards identifying the technological option with the best technical and economic feasibility. The aim of this work is to develop a techno-economic evaluation method for Wi-Fi, WiMAX and Mobile Networks. The evaluation targets campi network environments and consists of two criteria: the technical parameter that estimates the cell coverage and capacity, and the economic parameter that estimates the costs for Capital Expendures (CAPEX) and Operational Expendures (OPEX). Additionally, the proposed evaluation method is applied to a case study for a public university campus located in the city of São Paulo. It was concluded that the Wi-Fi technology is inexpensive compared to other evaluated technologies highlighting technical limitations as coverage in outdoor environment. The contribution of this work is to present a techno-economic evaluation method of wireless access technologies for campi network environments, and which considers Brazilian market conditions given this segment is expanding in Brazil.