The present invention relates to a patch type electrode for measuring a bio-signal. The patch type electrode has excellent wearability due to improved skin contact and has a detachable structure for allowing easy replacement of a body, thereby improving the reliability of bio-signal measurement. To this end, according to the present invention, the patch type electrode includes a non-woven fabric layer (10) including a soft material of a predetermined shape; a plurality of electrode parts (20) provided at an edge of the non-woven fabric layer (10); a signal line (30) connected with each electrode part (20) and guided along the non-woven fabric layer (10); a plurality of snap buttons (40) formed at an end portion of the signal line (30); a support film (50) provided on a top surface of the non-woven fabric layer (10) to stably support the snap buttons (40), the electrode parts (20), and the signal line (30); an adhesive layer (60) formed to increase the contact between the electrode parts (20) and a human body; and a body (70) having a detaching groove (71) for allowing the detachment from the snap buttons (40) and provided therein with a data storage part (72) to store an electrical signal transmitted through the signal line.


The compression foring method of angle bar edge using 400 t press with die is introduced herein.while working,use edge blade shear the vertical edge of angle bar till reach the bottom pitch arc then do the compression.


Correctly synchronizing the parallel execution of tasks remains one of the most difficult aspects of parallel programming. Without proper synchronization, many kinds of subtle concurrency errors can arise and cause a program to produce intermittently wrong results. The long-term goal of this work is to design a system that automatically synchronizes a set of programmer-specified, partiallyindependent parallel tasks. We present here our progress on the MAMA (Mostly Automatic Management of Atomicity) system, which can infer much but not all of this synchronization. MAMA provides a safety guarantee that a program either executes in a correctly atomic fashion or it deadlocks. Initial experiments indicate that MAMA can semi-automatically provide atomicity for a set of Java benchmarks while still allowing parallel execution.


This article aims to describe the general and specific principles of curriculum development and to analyze the impact of the 2013 curriculum. The method used in this paper is to use the literature method (Librabry Research). The educational curriculum is always changing or developing, this is a form of response to the progress and demands of the times. However, curriculum change and development is certainly based on the principles that form the basis of development for educational curricula. The principles to be put forward include the principles in curriculum development, both in general and specifically. The results of this study indicate that, general principles in curriculum development include goal-oriented principles, competence, relevance, efficiency, effectiveness, flexibility, integrity, continuity, synchronization, objectivity and democracy. Specific principles include the principles of objectives, content, media, learning resources and evaluation. The expected positive impact of this article is that curriculum developers should pay particular attention to general and specific principles in curriculum development so that the objectives of the curriculum can be maximally achieved.


Inkjet printers are the most commonly owned printers because of their low cost, high printing quality, and ease of use. The four major inkjet printer manufacturers are Canon, Epson, Hewlett-Packard, and Lexmark. The inkjet printer business has adopted the "bait and hook" business strategy, offering the basic printer product at a low (possibly below cost) price while charging a higher price for their proprietary ink cartridges. Table 1 shows the pricing of different ink jet printers and ink cartridges from the four major manufacturers. With technology advancement, inkjet printers have improved in quality and reduced in price. As seen in Table 1, the printer (being more technologically complex to make than the ink cartridge) is relatively inexpensive. This is a business tactic used to attract more people to buy the printer. The manufacturers are trying to improve their overall profit margin by charging higher prices than they would have normally done for their proprietary ink cartridges. The setting of printer and cartridge prices must therefore be closely linked and studied, as they affect the overall profitability and survival of the printer company. According to LYRA research (http://www.lyra. com/), the total revenue from inkjet printers and ink cartridges exceeded $45 billion in 2006. I.T. Strategies (http://www.it-strategies.com/) expects the inkjet printer market to grow to $58 billion by 2009. It expects the largest segment of the revenue to come from ink cartridges, with the revenue rising from $20 billion in 2004 to $33 billion in 2009. The printer business is very lucrative, and it is crucial for the survival of a company that produces printers to use a "good and flexible" business decision tool to price the printer and ink cartridges. Allan Table 1 Sample Inkjet Printer and Cartridge Prices


This article discusses a database which was designed to improve the efficiency of a graduate school's records management process pertaining to establishing new courses and changing existing courses in graduate academic departments. The course approval process is described along with the former record-keeping system. Both the design and practical applications of the database are highlighted. The on-line query process and the report writing features of the relational database package are discussed. The design of this database represents another step in an ongoing process to computerize all of the administrative activities at this particular graduate school.


Abstract Nursing students need community-based clinical experiences early in the nursing program. Ninety-eight baccalaureate nursing students in their first clinical course provided information about an experience with elderly residents living in public housing. The students support the continuation of such a clinical experience. Prior to this experience, many nursing students indicated they were unaware of the large number of elderly with chronic health problems who were living independently in the community. This study suggests that such a community experience can positively alter nursing students' perceptions toward providing health care to this population of elders.


It mainly discusses the working principles and features of steel concrete structure,summarizes common types of steel concrete structure,and makes a simple introduction of its applied actuality.Finally,it prospects its developing trends,so as to spread the application of steel concrete structure in projects.


The shape and scope of the welfare state in individual countries have been under consideration since the late 1970s. However, since the publication of The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism (1990), discussions have been framed by the Esping-Andersen proposal, which has had an enormous impact on research regarding welfare regimes. This article aims to determine how many worlds of the welfare state can be distinguished in the European context. The empirical analysis is based on the newest data about welfare attitudes, taken from the European Social Survey Round 8. An extended typology by Gøsta Esping-Andersen was used to formulate our research hypotheses, which include Mediterranean and post-socialist countries as separate models. The conclusions obtained as a result of a cross-country multilevel analysis confirm the existence of (a) five worlds of welfare state attitudes and (b) significant differences in particular areas when assessing states' involvement in social policy in the adopted extended typology.


To solve the problem of the dynamic variation of wave force diameter of pile foundation for offshore wind turbines, wave force and moment of large diameter pile foundation can be calculated. In this paper, simulation technique is used to calculate the wave force and moment of different large diameter pile foundation, and the base shear force and moment of the interval 20-degree phase angle are obtained by the base line of the pile. Under the action of a certain load, the complete stress variation of the pile foundation is obtained. According to the basic principle of diffraction theory, the process curve of large diameter pile, and analysis of wave force, diffraction force changes in a certain period of time interval. The results show that the wave after the large diameter pile formed around the vortex, large diameter pile base shear, and moment dynamic change is nonlinear in a complete cycle, the diameter of the pile increases by 0.5 m, and the wave force increases by about 5%, the results show that it provides certain reference value for the offshore pile foundation pile with large diameter primary site. Some significant results for practical application are discussed.


Abstract : The long-term goal is to analyze and, if necessary, reprocess the shipboard HRDL (High Resolution Doppler Lidar) data taken during the DYNAMO field campaign in order to make comparisons with existing airborne DWL measurements (TODWL) and to conduct investigations into the utilization of the data for studying atmospheric features and phenomenon during various conditions. One of the main objectives of our research was to see if what was learned from the TODWL (CIRPAS) and P3DWL (NRL) experience regarding rain in the field of view of Doppler Wind Lidar (DWL) data could be applied to the shipboard HRDL observations taken during DYNAMO. A second objective was to use the HRDL data and the W band radar data taken aboard the USS Revelle to investigate vertical motions within physically thick (optically thin) cirrus layers. During our evaluation of the HRDL data we have added a third objective which is to investigate dry convection rolls (Organized Large Eddies, OLE) from the perspective of a ship-borne DWL for comparison with that obtained from an airborne DWL during TODWL flights in April 2007 near Monterey, CA. This additional research objective is tightly associated with the research we are doing under another ONR DRI, the Unified Physical Parameterization for Extended Forecasts DRI, where the EDMF flux parameterization is being evaluated for its use in numerical models for seasonal predictions.


The masses of the electron and the up-type quarks may be written elegantly in terms of the Planck Mass, the natural scale of quantum gravity. Since the quarks of each generation are evidently arranged symmetrically about mass levels that descend in geometric sequence from the Planck Mass, the masses of the down-type quarks may also be written in terms of the Planck Mass. The new (2016) central values of Particle Data Group quark mass evaluation lie very close to the values, divulged in 2013, of the Planck Model.


State Council approved the implementation of the Development Plan of Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone,which marks the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone in Guangxi has entered a new stage of development.In order to build the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone in Guangxi into a strategic high ground of opening up and the new economic growth pole in a quick way,we must seize the opportunity,deepen the reform of the economic system,constantly expand cooperation in the outside world,accelerate the construction of major projects,increase financial input and expand the scale of the use of foreign capital so as to create a good environment for the development and opening up of the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone in Guangxi.


Surface dielectric barrier discharges (SDBDs) are a type of asymmetric dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) that can be used to generate ions and produce aerodynamic forces in air. They have been studied for aerodynamic flow control and proposed for small aircraft propulsion as both direct sources of thrust and as ion sources for "decoupled" electroaerodynamic (EAD) propulsion, in which decoupling ionization from ion-acceleration provides performance and control advantages. SDBDs can also be integrated into aircraft surfaces without introducing additional drag. A challenge for these aerospace applications is minimizing the power draw (or maximizing the efficiency) of these actuators. Optimizing SDBD actuators requires a robust model for SDBD electrical power draw as a function of geometric, material, and electrical properties. Existing approaches use empirical power law fits to estimate the power of a specific DBD configuration at certain electrical operating points; they are challenging to use in engineering design and optimization as they require experimental measurements for each individual configuration. This thesis proposes the first physics-based model for surface DBD power consumption. The proposed model is based on established models for parallel-plate or "volume" DBDs, and it incorporates the effect of changing plasma length that is specific to SDBDs. This thesis examines SDBDs of three materials, eleven thicknesses, and 394 unique electrical operating points and finds a correlation with R = 0.99 (n = 394) between experimentally-measured power and model-predicted power. SDBD power measurements extracted from four other experiments from the literature are analyzed with a correlation of R = 0.97 (n = 101), demonstrating that the model is generalizable to other SDBD constructions. Ionization rate is also measured to facilitate optimization for use in decoupled EAD thrusters. This work enables the quantitative design and optimization of SDBDs for EAD propulsion and other applications in aerospace and beyond. Thesis Supervisor: Steven R. H. Barrett Title: Associate Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics


The suicide rates of 14 nations were examined for 1875, 1952, 1962, 1975, and 1986 and found to have increased over this period. There was no change in the dispersions of the suicide rates over the years.


Whilst research of immersive technology has been growing, substantial efforts thus far have been scattered. Conflicting ideas and arguments from scholars provoke uncertainty and questions about the validity of these outputs in fostering more extensive implementation of immersive technology in the construction industry. Consequently, the direction for further developments in research remains unclear. This study aims to identify the status quo of immersive technology adoption in construction. A systematic review with thematic analysis was conducted. Common themes and concerns about the use of immersive technology in the construction are classified under the framework of SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats). The results indicate that whilst 'strengths' and 'opportunities' display a broad array of applications and functions that are derived from real benefits, a substantial amount of opportunities mentioned are driven by optimism. Alternatively, the results from 'weaknesses' and 'opportunities' identify several limitations involved in the uptake of immersive technology in the construction industry. Findings of this study provide vision that can help direct resources to those measures that can best meet the needs of construction industry. It is suggested that future resources are better to be put on integration with proven effective systems like Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Computer Aided Design (CAD) software. New developments should due consider the real demand of the industry.


Lung-ultrasound B-lines are the sonographic sign of pulmonary congestion and are present in patients with heart failure (HF). Their role as a diagnostic marker is quite established since they can be used for the differential diagnosis of dyspnea to both rule in or rule out HF, whereas their prognostic value at admission is less known.

 To assess the prognostic value of B-lines at admission in patients admitted to a Cardiology Department with a diagnosis of HF with reduced (HFrEF) and preserved (HFpEF) ejection fraction.

 We enrolled a total of 310 consecutive in-patients (aged 69 ± 12 years, 751 males) who underwent on admission a two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiographic evaluation coupled with lung ultrasound assessment of B-lines, according to standardised protocols. The total number of B-line was obtained by summing the number of B-lines from 28 scanning sites on the anterior and lateral right and left hemithorax, as previously described.

 All patients were followed-up for a median period of 15 (interquartile range: 5-28) months for death and HF readmission. During the follow-up, 79 events occurred. Among standard echocardiographic parameters, ejection fraction (EF) <50%, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) < 17 mm, pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) ³35 mmHg, inferior vena cava diameter >21 mm and total B-lines ³30 were predictors of events at univariate analysis, whereas only B-lines ³30 (hazard ratio [HR] 2.06; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-4.10) and TAPSE <17 mm (HR 0.53; CI 0.29-0.97) were independent predictors at multivariate analysis. When analysing separately HFpEF patients (105 patients, 33.9%), B-lines ³30 was the only independent predictor of events (HR 6.11; CI 1.49-25.05) (Figure).

 B-lines are a simple, user-friendly, bedside echographic sign of pulmonary congestion, that provides useful information not only for the diagnosis but also for the prognosis of HF patients. Their added value among standard echocardiographic parameters is stronger in patients with HFpEF compared to HFrEF. An integrated cardiopulmonary ultrasound assessment at HF admission provides excellent value for both diagnostic and prognostic stratification.
 Abstract P1479 Figure


Recently, an original study titled "The Ratio of Fibrinogen to Albumin is Related to the Occurrence of Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients" 1


System dynamics identification significantly impacts trajectory tracking performance for autonomous driving in a dynamic environment. In this paper, a multi-scenario learning model predictive control (MPC) optimization strategy is proposed to reduce model complexity and improve system generalization and robustness. First, the Gaussian process is simplified to reduce the complexity of the system's residual model while ensuring the optimization problem's convexity. Then, a meta-learning based multi-scenario model is proposed through online adjusting weight factors to identify the dynamic characteristics when the vehicle drives in a new scenario. Finally, the developed learning model is integrated into a stochastic MPC framework for robust optimization by considering environmental changes and parameter uncertainties. Simulation results show the efficient performance of our proposed method in terms of model prediction accuracy and trajectory tracking.


Until now, many colleges are running to improve the quality of education to create a competitive environment. The wealth of data contained in the college can be put to good use according to the needs and processed into useful information to find out the relationship between the attributes of the data contained in it for analysis and the expected result in the form study achievements are related to study time, i.e. in adequate or late in the probable study period can be classified. Data mining, which refers to the analysis of data in the field of educational institutions, is also known as educational data mining (EDM). In the study conducted using two models of Naive Bayes Classifier i.e. Algorithms and C 4.5. The value of best accuracy in the Naive Bayes Classifier (NBC) algorithm model was 86.83% with a ratio of 80% training data, while in the model algorithm C 4.5 was 88.10% with a ratio of 90% training data. The application of EDM is expected to be maximized and developed so that it can contribute to the world of education and advance, especially in the field of data mining.


As novel functional materials, long afterglow phosphors are drawing more and more attention in recent years because of a constantly growing market for their applications in traffic signs, emergency signage, watches and clocks, textile printing, among others. Amid the newly developed long afterglow materials which have already found commercial use, blue-emitting Sr_2MgSi_2O_7∶Eu~ 2+ , Dy~ 3+ is of special interest because of its excellent persistent luminescence combined with an easy processability. In this paper, the luminescent properties and long afterglow of Sr_2MgSi_2O_7∶Eu~ 2+ , Dy~ 3+ were investigated using synchrotron radiation and VUV laser (157.6 nm) as excitation sources.The emission spectra of Sr_2MgSi_2O_7∶Eu~ 2+ , Dy~ 3+ under 170 nm synchrotron radiation excitation consists of a 477 nm broad band corresponding to 5d-4f transitions of the Eu~ 2+ ions and two group of line spectra corresponding to ~4F_ 9/2 → ~6H_ 15/2 transitions (478, 483 and 493 nm) and ~4F_ 9/2 → ~6H_ 13/2 transitions (574, 576, 579, 581 and 585 nm) of Dy~ 3+ , respectively. The excitation spectra of 477 nm emission is dominated by an excitation band at wavelengths longer than 220 nm, which shows a complicated structure, comprising at least three sub-bands (around 250, 280 and 310nm), corresponding to the transition from ~8S_ 7/2 to the higher crystal field components of 4f~65d~1 states of Eu~ 2+ . The relatively weaker 170 nm excitation band was ascribed to spin allowed f-d transition of Dy~ 3+ . At different temperature, the long afterglow emission after irradiation of 170 nm synchrotron radiation was measured ~30 seconds after closing the beam-shutter. As in the case of Eu~ 2+ and Dy~ 3+ codoped MAl_2O_4 (M = Ca and Sr), the long afterglow emission of Sr_2MgSi_2O_7∶Eu~ 2+ , Dy~ 3+ is due to the 5d-4f transitions of the Eu~ 2+ ions. The laser excited emission spectra exhibit some new features comparing to the synchrotron radiation excited emission spectra. The most obvious new features are three groups of sharp emission lines centred around 590, 614 and 626 nm, which are known to be the red emissions of trivalent europium corresponding to intraconfigurational 4f-4f transitions. The strong emission from Eu~ 3+ indicates an efficient photon-induced process, promoting Eu~ 2+ to Eu~ 3+ , caused by the much higher excitation density of laser source.The high efficiency of Eu~ 2+ -Eu~ 3+ conversion by laser perhaps implies a high possibility of Eu~ 2+ ions acting as hole traps("Eu~ 2+ + h"), which is neglected by now in the study of Eu~ 2+ doped long afterglow phosphors, but may play an important role in the process of the persistent luminescence. At room temperature, the holes are thermally released continuously from these hole traps at Eu site, preparing the Eu~ 2+ ions to accept the energy released by the electron-hole recombination (perhaps via cross relaxation), and finally yielding the long afterglow emission from Eu~ 2+ ions.


Older adults (≥65 years) are at elevated risk of influenza-related morbidity and mortality. Many developed countries do not achieve the World Health Organization influenza immunization target of 75% in people ≥65 years. We aimed to determine whether a brief pharmacy phone call could increase vaccine uptake of standard and enhanced influenza. Twenty-eight community pharmacists across Canada performed a telephone consultation with 643 older adults whose primary care records indicated that they had not received their influenza vaccination from their usual practitioner. Of these 643 adults, 169 (26.3%) had been vaccinated in another setting. Of the remaining 474, 313 (66%) agreed to receive the vaccine. Of those who refused vaccination, 69 provided a rationale for not wanting it, including that the flu shot "causes the flu" (n = 25), "doesn't work" (n = 25), "is too painful" (n = 10), and other (n = 10). Overall, of the 643 individuals who had not received their vaccination from their usual health care provider in the first wave of vaccinations, 75.4% (n = 485) ultimately received their vaccination in the 2019–2020 season. This highlights the important role of the community pharmacist in achieving the World Health Organization (WHO) targets for vaccination.


It has been performed a research of a quick method in order to verify adulterations in the manufacture of cheeses. In particular we have studied "ldiazabal", produced in Basque County of the milk of "latxa" sheep, which is spread on this area. The principal and more common adulteration is caused by the mixture of sheep's milk with cow's milk, with the corresponding lost of quality. In this way, TG has been applied to several samples of probable fraudulent milk. TG and DTG curves and their respective standards bring a qualitative index of the presence or absence of cow's milk. Seeing the results, it can be deduced that the method is valid and quick for the qualitative analysis of milk mixtures.


Single crystals of yttrium-aluminum garnet have been grown from molten PbO-xB2O3 by program cooling, where x is between 0 and 0.36 mole. The field of stability of yttrium-aluminum garnet is found to widen with increasing B2O3 content in the solvent. A portion of a pseudo phase diagram for the quaternary system PbO-B2O3-Y2O3-Al2O3 is presented. The effect of substituting certain transition metal oxides in the crystals is discussed.


The Scattering and Emissivity of rough surfaces involve solutions to non-linear differential equations. Different approaches have been used in the literature to obtain approximate solutions under some hypothesis. For example Kirchhoff solution is used when the roughness is gentle on the scale of the wavelength.
In this paper the Method of Moments is used to analyze the scattering of arbitrary surfaces. No approximation about the scale roughness is necessary. Both Gaussian and Fractal surfaces have been modeled and compared. The introduction of fractal geometry provides a new tool to describe natural rough surfaces. A first inside to the properties and parameters that describe fractal geometry has been done in order to characterize them statistically. It has been demonstrated that geometrical and scattering characteristics are controlled by Fractal descriptors, including fractal dimension.
As a first step, our simulations refer to a (topological) one-dimensional (1-D) profile embedded in a two-dimensional (2-D) space. Physically, this corresponds to assume that both the electromagnetic field and the surface height are constant along a fixed direction. Extension to the case of a 2-D surface embedded in a three-dimensional (3-D) space is not conceptually difficult, but any simulation run requires a much longer computational time. Furthermore, scattering results obtained for 1-D profiles give also a good indication of scattering dependence on 2-D surface parameters.


While automatic speech recognition (ASR) technologies have become mature, they are mostly being developed by industry for large scale commercial applications. There are many niche domains that can potentially benefit from ASR. These domains may need ASR for a specific limited vocabulary for a certain population with a distinct language and dialect. This paper details the complete procedure for developing an ASR solution for such an application. It presents Parturition Hindi Speech (PHS) dataset prepared for real-time ASR for a medical application in Bihar, India. The dataset is prepared for childbirth assistance with recordings done by nurses in situ. Finally, several ASR systems are developed for the PHS dataset and their performances are compared. The models are pre-trained on large datasets and are adapted to PHS dataset. In experiments, we find that end-to-end ASR models adapt more effectively as compared to GMM-HMM based models. Moreover, custom language models further boost the performance.


This article concerns the problem of classification of the homeless as the necessary basis for monitoring and planning social rehabilitation of the homeless and homelessness prevention. The author attempt to give a typology of the homeless people that is adequate to the Russian reality.


Vocational (vocational and technical) education is a component of the Ukrainian system of education, where a person can acquire knowledge, skills and abilities in a particular occupation. A prerequisite for the development of such education is to ensure that its content corresponds to the needs and challenges of modern society. It responds to the demands of the labor market in the need for personnel for the economy and at the same time remains an important part of the education system. The article presents the results of a study of the peculiarities of the implementation of programs for the development of vocational (vocational and technical) education institutions. It is established that a major barrier to the development of such programs is a lack of awareness among managers and teachers of the organization and planning of project activities and cooperation with donors, attracting crowdfunding platforms for additional funding sources. It was found that vocational (vocational and technical) education institutions need additional funding to update and modernize the material, computer and software facilities, as well as improved mechanisms to encourage teachers to adopt innovative learning technologies and students to succeed. Prospects for the development of institutions based on crowdfunding as an effective tool for attracting additional financing from alternative sources are outlined. The need for a broad educational campaign among the heads of vocational (vocational and technical) education institutions on the dissemination of information on these opportunities and practical measures to develop the necessary skills in the use of crowdfunding tools is justified.


A computer simulation model is presented for customer movement in the loop plant. This model is used to analyze the effects of various customer movement parameters on loop operating costs and to find a strategy for the assignment of loop network facilities to customers which will minimize these costs.


This project is on a research into the child rearing patterns of child bearing mothers in Abeokuta Local Government Area of Ogun State. The research showed that factors like Education, attitudes and beliefs affect the rearing practices among women. 54% of mothers responded fairly well to child spacing. 75% of mothers have between one and four children while 25% of mothers have more than four children. Also the mothers who bear children between ages 15 - 19 years (vulnerable age group)have reduced draytically to about 8% while the mothers from age 36 and above (Maternal risk group) about 23%. The results of the educational status of mothers show that 52% of mothers attended both primary and secondary schools while 22% did not have any form of education. 45% of mothers were ignorant of the type of food good for pregnancy and 20% of mother~still limited to some
foods by customs. 8% of mothers do not allow their children to explore things around through diverse means and in some cases where they are allowed they are few for example:only 30% of mothers allow group work among their children, 35% provide them with recreational facilities and 20% of mothers take them on tours or trips.


The gynaikonitis, gynaikon or women's quarter appears in Greek (written) sources as the part of the house inhabited by women.

Keywords:

ancient Greece;
archaeology;
family;
gender;
women's history


Technological change is undoubtedly one of the keys to ensuring that climate change can be addressed without compromising economic growth. In order for this to be the case it is vitally important that climate and innovation policies provide the right incentives for the development and diffusion of "climate-friendly" technologies. The OECD is assisting countries in their efforts to improve the design, implementation and evaluation of their policies in this area. Promoting Technological Innovation to Address Climate Change


B ECAUSE HUMAN BEINGS are fundamentally lazy, there is always a strong temptation to rely upon "trick systems" that will call all of the turns in business and financial trends, without going through the laborious process of analyzing the many detailed forces. Under normal conditions, some of these gadgets have a rather creditable record and constitute helpful tools for the analyst. However, it seems to me that there may not be enough recognition of the fact that we are not operating today under normal conditions, and, consequently, we have to consider the logical prospect that there may be some distortion from the effects that usually stem from an ordinarily reliable indicator.


Background: The cause of muscular dystrophies is genetic. It is a disorder of muscular system. The classification of the muscular dystrophies is based on the signs and symptoms. Present study was done to evaluate the profile, types, duration and severity of muscular dystrophy at a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out at department of General Medicine, Malla Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad from October 2015 to December 2017. During the study period, it was possible to study the 20 cases of muscular dystrophy. Results: Muscular dystrophy was more common in males. Maximum cases were of Duchenne type of muscular dystrophy. Majority of the patients presented at 5-10 years of age. Muscular dystrophy was seen in early childhood. Out of 10 patients of Duchenne muscular dystrophy five patients were of grade I. There was no correlation between the duration of the disease and the severity of the disability. All patients had lower limb proximal weakness. Pathological Q wave (width > 30 ms) and Pathological Q wave (depth >more than 25% of the QRS amplitude) were present in 35% of the cases. All patients had rhythm NSR and QRS +60 to +75. Conduction abnormality was present in 5% of the cases. In half of the patients, serum creatinine kinase levels are moderately elevated. Conclusions: Muscular dystrophies are a common disorder of the childhood. Detailed studies will help to focus more light on this condition to improve outcome in future patients.


ICT is being rapidly introduced into development evaluation. Evaluators need to keep abreast of these important evolutions in the field in order to stay current and continue shaping the future of development work through their practice. ICT is helping to resolve some age-old issues that evaluators face, especially in terms of time, resources and data quality constraints. At the same time, the introduction of ICTs into evaluation brings a series of new ethical, political and methodological challenges that evaluators need to address. The article also weighs the potential opportunities for ICT to strengthen equity and empowerment-focused evaluation against concerns that these new technologies could result in more 'extractive' approaches whereby it becomes easier for international agencies and donors to collect information remotely thereby reducing the ability of local communities and civil society to participate in the development dialogue.


Abstract This research discusses the effect of selective store location strategy on consumers' brand attitudes, its variation based on brand luxuriousness, and consumers' psychological mechanisms underlying this choice. To test the selective location effect, consumers' perceptions of three apparel brands with different characteristics (well-known luxury, well-known non-luxury, and unknown brand) were assessed. Self-congruity theory was employed to discuss the psychological mechanism of brand attitude formation. The result of analysis of variance and structural equation modeling on 312 cases collected in Japan showed selective store location influenced consumers' luxury brand attitudes positively, while its impact was negative in the non-luxury case. In addition, its effect on the unknown brand was not significant. The selective location also contributed ideal social self-congruity with brand user imagery, while its impact was negative on actual self-congruity. Moreover, ideal social self-congruity contributed luxury attitude: In the non-luxury case, its impact was negative, while the impact of actual self-congruity was positive: Self-congruity affected the unknown brand very slightly. This result implies non-luxury brand equity is hard to increase via selective location strategy, while this approach may be effective for luxury. Our results also suggest the ability of self-congruity and brand luxuriousness to predict the selective location effect.


§ 1. When it is necessary to find the factors of such an expression as x2 – 7x – 120 the difficulty for beginners lies in finding the pair of factors of 120 which satisfy the middle term: in this case so that their difference is 7. They may write down the pairs in order (1 × 120; 2 × 60; etc.) and then choose the suitable pair, but this method is often long; or they may guess until they chance to find the pair required. This is often done in so haphazard a fashion that much time is wasted, especially if the given expression have no rational factors.


Fifty-one patients with nonmetastatic gestational trophoblastic neoplasms (NMGTN) were treated with either 4 or 6 mg/kg methotrexate (MTX) and citrovorum factor (CF) rescue to determine if the higher dosage could reduce the number of courses of chemotherapy required to achieve remission. Thirty-six of 41 patients treated with 4 mg/kg MTX achieved complete remission with 1 course of chemotherapy. Increasing the initial dose of MTX to 6 mg/kg in 10 patients did not reduce the need for subsequent courses of chemotherapy but did increase associated toxicity. The rate of fall in the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) liter following the initial course of MTX-CF was found to be an accurate predictor of therapeutic response. The need for further chemotherapy may be anticipated if the hCG liter has not fallen by 1 log within 18 days.


We present new interstellar polarization measurements for 116 stars at high galactic latitudes. Our data show that Markkanen's cloud - the main polarization structure seen in the North Galactic Pole area (b > 75°) extendsfurther towards lower latitudes. Especially, we have found a new dust formation in the area 35° 0 m .23. Polarization vectors in this cloud are very well aligned along the direction of l = 50°. On the IRAS 100 micron map this dust structure shows up as a bright emission area. We discuss the new polarization map extending from circumpolar to lower latitudes and point out features which suggest that Markkanen's cloud may be a part of the dust lane in the inner edge of the local spiral or spur.


The parameter space for A-term inflation is explored with W = λpφ p/pM P . With p = 6 and λp ∼ 1, the observed spectrum and spectral tilt can be obtained with soft mass of order 10 GeV but not with a much higher mass. The case p = 3 requires λp ∼ 10 to 10. The ratio m/A requires fine-tuning, which may be justified on environmental grounds. An extension of the MSSM to include non-renormalizable terms and/or Dirac neutrino masses might support either A-term inflation or modular inflation. A-term inflation and the MSSM 2 Recently, it has been proposed that the field content of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) describes both the low energy physics that is observed at colliders, and inflation after the observable Universe leaves the horizon [1]. The inflaton is supposed to correspond to a flat direction. To achieve this, a new kind of inflation model is formulated, in which the potential is of the form V = 1 2 mφ − A λpφ p p M P + λp φ M 2(p−3) P (1) The last term corresponds to a minimal globally supersymmetric theory with superpotential W = λp p φ/M P . (2) The first two terms are soft supersymmetry breaking parameters. Supersymmetrybreaking is taken to be gravity-mediated so that A ∼ m. For parameter values that allow inflation, m ≫ H where H is the Hubble parameter, and as a result the phase of φ adjusts to minimize the potential, giving Eq. (1). This kind of inflation model is further explored in [2], where it is called A-term inflation. The model is interesting in its own right, and might apply with φ a gauge singlet, or a flat direction of any gauge group. In this note, the parameter space for A-term inflation is explored, and a fine-tuning issue is addressed. The model works because the parameters can be chosen so that V ′ and V ′′ are very small at some point, allowing inflation to take place near that point. Indeed, V ′ = V ′′ = 0 exactly at the point φ0 = ( mM P λp √ 2p − 2 )1/(p−2) , (3) provided that m = A 8(p − 1) . (4) More generally, inflation can occur near φ0 if m = A 8(p − 1) (


The results of the scale effect research in having discontinuities salt rock specimens have been obtained by direct shear tests. The established regularities of specimen size influence on basic deformation and strength parameters have shown that the scale effect in salt rocks is nondescript.


This paper presents a grid connected variable-speed micro hydropower plant, based on a micro Axial-flow turbine (semi-Kaplan) coupled to permanent magnet synchronous generator (MHPP-PMSG); Two back-to-back Voltage Source Inverters are interfacing the generator. The main idea is to show the feasibility and interest of variable speed operation of the considered system. The scope of the presented work is similar to that used for wind and tidal generators. A MPPT algorithm (perturb & Observe) is used for controlling the MHPP-PMSG for optimizing the operating efficiency by finding the optimal rotation speed. PI controllers are used to control the power electronics interface converters and DC-link voltage. The proposed scheme of MHPP-PMSG has been simulated under Matlab Simulink and the results obtained show the benefit of variable speed for micro hydropower.


the start, but these changes (mainly metronome markings and alterations of words drawn from Schmidt's second printing and the orchestral materials) are not transferred to the music, nor are measure numbers or rehearsal letters added. I wonder just what it is about this version that allows Hildegard to claim copyright protection. Block's introduction is "excerpted from Block's biography of Amy Beach," since published by Oxford University Press (Amy Beach, Passionate Victorian: The Life and Work of an American Composer, 1867–1944 [New York, 1998]). Given the relative scarcity of romantic works by women composers, both these versions have a potential market among those choral societies that have survived the virtual disappearance of general music clubs after World War II, as well as the many new ones that have sprung up in recent decades. The full score published by A-R Editions, edited by Andrew Thomas Kuster and newly typeset, makes the orchestral version available, as well as offering a detailed critical apparatus and a more expansive introduction and analysis. Conductors will want access to this version even if their singers are (for the sake of convenience, not necessarily cost savings) using the piano-vocal score. It is also useful because the small orchestra (2 flutes, 2 clarinets, 2 horns, harp, and strings) would add greatly to the coloristic possibilities of the work for those modern performers who can live comfortably with the text. Catherine Parsons Smith University of Nevada, Reno


Objective To study the effect of extended nursing care on reducing incidence of anticipatory emesis for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.Method 88 patients who have received chemotherapy for the first time are divided into observation group and control group equally according to their own intention.Patients in control group receive no extended nursing care after discharge,while patients in observation group do.Compare the incidence of anticipatory emesis before three continuous chemotherapeutic periods of two groups.Result The rate of anticipatory emesis before the third and forth chemotherapeutic period of observation group is obviously lower than the incidence of control group.Conclusion Extended nursing care can reduce the rate of anticipatory emesis for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.


The processes of functioning and development of market relations in Ukraine to a large extent are conditioned by its openness to the outside world. Progressive globalization, increasing the influence of the technological factor, especially information and communication systems, the growth of the role of information resources in the modern world economy have formed the prerequisites for the formation of a new form of industrial and commercial relations, known as "information economy". In the light of these global trends, there is a need to ensure the process of rapidly adopting innovative solutions to facilitate the operation of the enterprise in the conditions of the information economy. In order to obtain a stable competitive advantage in the market in the conditions of information economy, a high-tech enterprise should actively innovate in the process of production and commercial activity. Controlling the process of adopting strategic decisions on the implementation of innovations should be carried out in certain areas, the main of which are organizational. The conditions of the information economy dictate the need to take into account the factor of communication and information base for innovative projects, which stipulates the need for the formation of information and communication direction, which should include appropriate solutions. One of the main components of the information economy is the electronic business, which creates significant opportunities for the implementation of innovative enterprise projects on the Internet. In connection with this, there is a need to take into account the direction of electronic integration. The indicated direction should include e-business solutions and solutions to the platform on the Internet. Thus, in this study, the reflection and analysis of the main strategic innovations of the enterprise in the conditions of the information economy have been reflected.


The objective of this study was to examine why drone delivery is another tech idea not ready to take off. Qualitative methods, which involved inductive, exploratory and interpretivism approaches, were used in this conceptual study. The inductive approach was used to generate propositions based on secondary data obtained from journal articles, authorized website contents, and books. On the other hand, exploratory and interpretivism approaches were used to undertake in-depth analysis and to have a complete description and understanding of the factors that shape consumers' behavioural intentions to use drone food delivery services, respectively. Based on research findings and news related to consumers' behavioural intentions to use drone delivery services, conceptual frameworks have been proposed to show the four main independent variables, which are functions, hedonic motivation, cognition, and social factors, that affect the dependent variable, which is behavioural intentions of consumers to use drone for food delivery services. Overall, factors that were hindering consumers' behavioural intentions to use drone food delivery services were consumers' unfamiliarity and negative perceptions toward drone delivery in that it is unregulated, dangerous, risky, lack of quantified risk assessments, intimidating, related to military and defence, and lengthy in the process to obtain authority's permission to operate food delivery services by drones. Nevertheless, they may be influenced to use drone delivery if their friends and family were using it.


-3 IBA). Microcuttings of the cultivar 'Sunland' rooted well (66%) with a mean of 2.81 roots per shoot, while 'Howard' microshoots rooted poorly (29%) and produced only 1.6 roots per shoot. Because no exclusive order for the progress of phenolic changes during root emerging response was seen, no exact relationship was found between phenolic contents and rooting ability of these cultivars. The activity and isoenzymatic patterns of antioxidant enzymes were estimated using spectrophotometery and native PAGE. The differing activity patterns for peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase during root development may be useful as reliable and successful markers for the physiological processes of rooting. Maximum peroxidase activity was observed on day 35 of shoot culture during the initiation phase of rooting, and was correlated with the rooting ability of genotypes. 'Sunland', the most easily rooted cultivar, exhibited a greater increase than the more difficult to root 'Howard' cultivar. Polyphenol oxidase activity maximized on the 28 th day and then declined to a minimum on day 49 in both cultivars, but the magnitude of change in 'Sunland' was consistently greater throughout the root development period. These results show that peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities are involved in defining the beginning and the length of particular phases of walnut rooting.


The practical assignment consists of two parts; the second part addresses the students ability to perform a larger project using VTK and the knowledge obtained during the Part 1 implementation. In this article we briefly describe the probabilistic localization of the autonomous mobile robot, explain, why the visualization of the probabilistic distribution is usefull, why current visualization techniques are not sucient and we discuss the provided implementation.


Acanthosis nigricans is a cutaneous marker of insulin resistance, hyperinsu-linaemia and obesity, and is often seen clinically in association with impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus1,2. Ketosis in type 2 diabetes, with3,4 or without metabolic acidosis,5 has been reported in patients with acanthosis nigricans, who required large doses of insulin to achieve adequate glycaemic control, reflecting the co-existent insulin-resistant state. Recently the classification of type 1 and type 2 diabetes has been debated, with a view that these metabolic states should no longer be regarded as separate entities but rather as a continuum,5 since it has been shown that the presence of ketosis does not necessarily predict future insulin-dependency. This has been illustrated in several cases in which patients fell into the category of 'ketosis-onset diabetes with subsequent non-insulin-dependency'5−7 We describe two cases of ketosis-onset diabetes with cutaneous signs of insulin resistance (acanthosis nigricans) as further evidence to suggest that long-term insulin is not always required in this category of patients.


This paper examines Russias 20 years of experience with budgetary reforms. The authors focus most of their attention on the introduction into Russian budgetary practice of special-program methods, which is a key feature of the ongoing budgetary reform in the country. The main phases of the reform of the budgetary process are analyzed, from the formulation of programs for socio-economic development and the first attempts to apply the tools of program budgeting (the formulation of special federal programs) to the preparation of the federal budget on the basis of government programs and the transition to a program-based budgetary format for constituent entities of the Russian Federation.


Introduction: Cassini radio science data indicates that Titan is nearly in hydrostatic equilibrium [1] . We have used thermal models [2] and hydrostatic equilibrium theory [3] to derive interior models of  Titan. We show as the measurement of the principal quadrupole gravitational coefficient C22 from the Radio Doppler data from Cassini spacecraft will improve o ur knowledge of the interior structure of Titan. Moment of inertia: The axial moment of inertia (C) gives us an indication of the degree of the inter or differentiation of Titan. For an undifferentiated i nterior structure


Face detection is a critical function in many embedded applications, such as computer vision and security. Although face detection has been well studied, detecting a large number of faces with different scales and excessive variations (pose, expression, or illumination) usually involves computationally expensive classification algorithms. These algorithms may divide an image into sub-windows at different scales, evaluate a large set of features for each sub-window, and determine the presence and location of a face. Even with state-of-the-art CPUs, it is still challenging to perform real-time face detection with sufficiently high energy efficiency and accuracy. In this paper, we propose a suite of acceleration techniques to enable such a capability on the CPU-FPGA platform, based on a state-of-the-art face detection algorithm that employs a large number of simple classifiers. We first map the algorithm using the integrated OpenCL environment for FPGA. Matching the structure of the algorithm, a nested architecture is proposed to speed up both memory access and the computing iterations. This multi-layer architecture distributes parallel computing cores with the memory. The physical aspects of the nested architecture, such as the core size and the number of cores, are further optimized to achieve real-time face detection, under realistic hardware constraints.


The paper describes systems responsible for driving safety of vehicles weighing up to 3.5 t. It is focused on selected failures (fouling) of braking systems that are typical during motor cars operation. Simulation testing regarding effect of selected failures (fouling) of braking system elements on braking force and braking efficiency were performed. In order to perform such testing, author of the paper worked out the methodology of testing which is also described here. The test results (partial) are displayed as tables and charts. The negative effect of selected failures on braking force and braking efficiency index is influencing directly on motor cars driving safety. It is also emphasized that it is important to maintain and observe automotive manufacturers' technical requirements regarding braking system elements such as tyre pressure, tyre tread condition, brake shoes wear, etc. Basing on the test results it is found that excessive wear of tyres and brake shoes wear could be the reason of significant WSH index decrease resulting in faulty car. This can be visible through lower than allowable level of braking efficiency index WSH, which is the basic legal diagnostic parameter of break system condition assessment. Replacing such elements significantly improves braking efficiency index WSH.


Gallium arsenide has been etched using CCl 2 F 2 and CCl 3 F plasmas. Some of the basic chemical processes involved in etching have been investigated using emission spectroscopy. This study has identified atomic Cl as the principal etchant species. The optical emission work has been complemented with a mass spectroscopic and a XPS study, which indicate the preferential removal of As during etching


The invention discloses an environment-friendly high-gloss water-based back coating and a preparation method thereof. The environment-friendly high-gloss water-based back coating is characterized in that the environment-friendly high-gloss water-based back coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9-12 parts of water-based acrylic resin, 13-20 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 2-4 parts of ammonia water, 10-40 parts of organic solvent, 10-50 parts of deionized water, and 8-20 parts of assistant. The preparation method of the environment-friendly high-gloss water-based back coating comprises the steps that water-based acrylic resin is crushed to 100-200-mesh powder; the ammonia water and partial deionized water are added to a reaction kettle, and stirred, and the water-based acrylic resin powder is added; the stirring speed is increased to 2000r/min until water-based acrylic resin is dissolved completely; a water-based acrylic resin solution, the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the assistant, the organic solvent and residual deionized water are added to the reaction kettle and stirred; an obtained mixture is filtered; and then the environment-friendly high-gloss water-based back coating is obtained. According to the environment-friendly high-gloss water-based back coating and the preparation method, the gloss of the back coating is improved greatly, and the defect that the water-based back coating is not bright enough is overcome.


A principal components factor analysis was performed on the scores of 245 undergraduates to a short version of the F Scale and measures of prejudice, attitude toward welfare, toleration of political deviance, punitiveness toward criminals, and support of the Vietnam War. The analysis produced two factors. One was an authoritarian aggression factor which was consistent with the Berkeley levels of personality approach and previous factorial research. All of the measures except the welfare items had substantial loadings on this factor. The second was an attitude toward welfare factor which appeared to be unrelated to authoritarianism.


We report the patch test results of 449 con in met ion workers who came as patients to tine Occupational Dermatology Service of the Instituto National de Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo in Madrid between 1989 and 1993. 90.8%. of them were patch tested, because they had cutaneous lesions or a clinical history suggestive of occupational dermatitis. 65.5% (268) of those patch tested showed one or more reactions connected with their work. Chromate at 411 was the main allergen. followed by cobalt, 20.5% nickel. 10%, and epoxy resin. 7.5%. 25.9% (106) of patients showed sensitization to rubber components, the majority at 20.7%, to thiuram mix, with TETD being the main allergen.


Summary and Conclusions 1. Ovaries of young newborn mice are very sensitive to ionizing radiations from radioiodine administered to the mother and reaching the young through the milk. The testes of litter mate male mice are very radioresistant under the same conditions. 2. A single injection of a nursing mouse with 600 μc of I131 reduced fertility in the female offspring by four months and made all female offspring sterile by 10 months while controls were 86% fertile. Litter mate males were never reduced to less than 75% fertility. 3. It appears that the ovary of 5-day-old mice is more sensitive to ionizing radiations from radioiodine than is the ovary of the 15-day-old mouse. 4. Even though exposure of the ovary of the young mouse to ionizing radiations was relatively brief, sterility was not evident for at least 4 months. Not only was the overall fertility of the female reduced, but so also was the length of the reproductive life span.


Department of Psychological Sciences, Claremont McKenna College, Claremont, California Department of Psychology, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi Correspondence Sharda Umanath, Department of Psychological Sciences, Claremont McKenna College, Claremont, CA 91711. Email: email@example.com Funding information National Institute on Aging, Grant/Award Number: T32 AG0000‐0‐39


In the current geopolitical realities, building long-term trade and economic relations with the countries of "Greater Eurasia", in particular, with the states of the Caspian region, is of particular importance. The key to successful cooperation can be a full-fledged organization of logistics through the North-South multimodal transport corridor. The article proposes a variant of organizing technology transfer through the International North–South Transport Corridor by activating partnerships between special economic zones of the Russian Federation with technology clusters and logistics hubs of Iran and India and creating a unified mechanism for the participation of special economic zones of Russia and the Caspian countries in technology transfer.


This is the second part of this study of the Chrysomelidae occurring in Hong Kong. Thirty five species are covered by the keys. Photographs of the larvae and life history information on Podontia lutea Olivier 1790 and Altica cyanea (Weber) are also given.


The various types of commercially available vinyl resins are discussed, guidelines are fourmulated, and the experience of some users of these products are desribed. New vinyl products compliant with environmental regulations are also described. This paper focuses on the vinyl copolymer resins used to formulate coatings that are produced either by suspension precedure or by a solution polymerization process. Comonomers, modified copolymers, and classification according to molecular weight are also discussed. Polyvinyl butyral resin is discussed, as well as formulating considerations. Pigment choices and levels are also discussed. Case histories of their usage are described, and volatile organic compliant technologies are noted. Vinyls have an outstanding history of performance and versatility. With the movement of the maintenance coating market to compliant technolgies, newer types of vinyl resins are being developed to provide the end-user with greater benefits.


Focusing on spaces of reference, this paper aims at analyzing the relationship between man and city in the work Poema sujo, by Ferreira Gullar. We consider, for this purpose, the temporal distance of the context regarding the provincial city, the experiences of the poetic subject and the metropolis remodeled by progress. At this juncture, the city had been marked by a fragmented vision and different forms of coexistence: the threads of relationships network, anchored in the collective spirit, have been detached, causing, in the urban context, rootlessness, reference loss, individualization and memory shattering. It is in this context of fluidity, valorization of ephemerality, whose rule is speed and everything seems disposable, that the city is shaped. The ruptures unfold in excessive displacements, gaps and helplessness.


Abstract We suggested de-escalation would be possible for cervical cancer like human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal cancer. However, the classification was based on tumor shrinkage that can be obtained after half of the treatment was finished. Our other article found adverse factors which can be obtained prior to treatment, and they might classify patients earlier.


Following the view on the modern language problem in Ukraine as a result of a long war, this paper focuses on the language question which constitutes the anti-imperial Ukrainian counter discourse starting from the middle XIX century up to the present day and explores the development of nationalistic ideas in their close relationship to the language.


Assembly of hybrid mesophases through the combination of amphiphilic block copolymers, acting as structure-directing agents, and silicon sources using low acid catalyst concentration regimes is a versatile strategy to produce large quantities of high-quality ordered large-pore mesoporous silicas in a very reproducible manner. Controlling structural and textural properties is proven to be straightforward at low HCl concentrations with the adjustment of synthesis gel composition and the option of adding co-structure-directing molecules. In this account, we illustrate how various types of large-pore mesoporous silica can easily be prepared in high phase purity with tailored pore dimensions and tailored level of framework interconnectivity. Silica mesophases with two-dimensional hexagonal (p6mm) and three-dimensional cubic (Fm3 m, Im3 m and Ia3 d) symmetries are generated in aqueous solution by employing HCl concentrations in the range of 0.1-0.5 M and polyalkylene oxide-based triblock copolymers such as Pluronic P123 (EO 2 0 -PO 7 0 -EO 2 0 ) and Pluronic F127 (ED 1 0 6 -PO 7 0 -EO 1 0 6 ). Characterizations by powder X-ray diffraction, nitrogen physisorption, and transmission electron microscopy show that the mesoporous materials all possess high specific surface areas, high pore volumes and readily tunable pore diameters in narrow distribution of sizes ranging from 4 to 12 nm. Furthermore we discuss our recent advances achieved in order to extend widely the phase domains in which single mesostructures are formed. Emphasis is put on the first synthetic product phase diagrams obtained in SiO 2 -triblock copolymer-BuOH-H 2 O systems, with tuning amounts of butanol and silica source correspondingly. It is expected that the extended phase domains will allow designed synthesis of mesoporous silicas with targeted characteristics, offering vast prospects for future applications.


Objective Through a survey to know the technical service income,the operation funds and project funds related to environmental health,nutrition and food hygiene,occupational health and radiological health protection(hereinafter referred to as public health) in provincial centers for disease control and prevention(CDCs) in China in 2006,and a preliminary financial input for public health in provincial CDC was analyzed to provides the basis for accelerating the development of public health work in provincial CDC.Methods By holding a conferences of provincial CDCs,the questionnaire survey was conducted.Results In 2006,the public health technical service income was the main source of extra-budgetary income in provincial CDCs,taking about 52.1% of all the technical service income and 18.42% of the total income of the provincial CDCs,excluding the expenditure of laboratory instruments and equipment maintenance,was only accounted for 19.19% of the total budget and the particular budget for public health only accounted for about 3% of the whole budget of the provincial CDCs.Conclusion Government hasn't set up an effective fund guarantee mechanism for the public health in provincial CDCs.Funding shortage is a common phenomenon in most provincial CDCs,especially in northwestern China.The limited funds cannot ensure the sustainable development of the public health.


Richard Flathman, a theorist of the philosophy and politics of liberalism, was born in St. Paul Minnesota and is a graduate of Macalester College. He received his PhD in political science from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1962 under the supervision of Norman Jacobson. His teaching career began at Reed College, and he taught at the University of Chicago, the University of Washington, and Johns Hopkins University. Among his 11 books and three edited volumes, The Philosophy and Politics of Freedom (1987) won the David and Elaine Spitz Prize for best book in liberal and/or democratic theory, The Practice of Rights has been reissued (2010 [1976]), and his influential study of the work of Thomas Hobbes (1993) was followed by a critical edition of Leviathan edited with David Johnston (1997).

Keywords:

freedom;
liberal democracy;
liberal theory;
neoliberalism;
skepticism


The number of students currently enrolling in four-year programs in a computer-related area has not kept pace with the burgeoning demand for graduates. One potentially large, untapped, pool of students to fulfill the IT needs of industry by continuing their degree to a four year institution is community college students who have earned an AAS. The development of this 2+2 Computer Engineering Technology degree program to allow students who earn the AAS degree in a computer-related area and then come to Iowa State University to complete their four-year degree has been a cooperative effort between the 15 community college districts in Iowa and the ISU Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering. While the creation of a Computer Engineering Technology degree is not novel, the focus of ISU's program is on the ability to recruit and retain two-year community college students with AAS degrees is original. Unfortunately, students who elect to study a computer or information technology area and earn an AAS degree many times find themselves starting over again when they move on to a four-year institution. This is a historic artifact in which many of the courses do not transfer into a fouryear institution's traditional computer-related degrees. The need for 2+2 degree programs for ASS students is evident not just in Iowa, but across the U.S. It is an emerging trend for high school graduates to stay locally and attend a community college as a lower cost alternative for entry into college. Additionally, ethnically diverse students, students with a lower socioeconomic status and a higher proportion of females attend two-year institutions.


In September and October 2001 an archaeological evaluation was undertaken at Castor Primary School, Castor, Peterborough (TL 1248 9845) which is known to lie within the boundaries of high status Roman buildings, perhaps representing a 'palatial complex'. The work consisted of a single area (7m x 4m) stripped down to a depth of approximately 0.30, which is the maximum needed for the construction of a concrete raft. The concrete raft would then function as the foundation for a new library.

The reason for the excavation of the area was to ascertain the presence or absence of archaeological remains. The excavation revealed a layer of Roman debris, consisting concrete, tile fragments, animal bone and occasional sherds of pottery (probably 3rd century). A single Roman narrow linear ditch was also identified as well as a large oval pit of unknown date.

It is likely that the remains are contemporary with other high status Romano-British buildings known to exist within the envelope of Castor village.


The committee evaluated the responsibilities of authors to share data and materials referenced in their publications, the role of journals to impose requirements for data and material sharing, and whether a common set of requirements for sharing does or should exist. For example, many felt that it was inappropriate and a bad precedent to report portions of the sequence of the human genome without full disclosure (1), and the committee considered these issues broadly. In 2003 the Cech committee published the results of the study (2). The report puts forth recommendations for effective common practices and provides specific real-life scenarios to test how these practices could be applied. The committee concludes that core scientific standards accepted by the great majority of the community do exist and should be more widely adopted.


Genetic diversity of bananas in Indonesia is considered to be high. Phenotypic identification of banana accessions is sometimes incorrect due to instability of morphological characters. The aims of this study were to verify Indonesian bananas accessions containing the B genome previously identified based on morphological characters, to construct a molecular determination key for the genomic groups, and to reveal genetic relationships among the accessions based on microsatellite markers. The DNA of 92 banana accessions classified as containing the B genome was analyzed using 8 pairs of microsatellite primers. The results showed that 9 accessions were incorrectly classified as containing the B genome. Of the remaining 83 accessions, 76 were accurately classified as AAB, ABB, or BB; and 7 accessions needed to be reassigned to a different subset of the B-genome containing accessions. Alleles MaCIR108 size longer than 270 bp were considered as the diagnostic characters for the B genome, while one allele Ma-3-90 size of 152 bp could be used to distinguish AAB from ABB genomic groups. The molecular determination key constructed classified the 83 accessions into 3 genomic groups, consisted of 8 accessions of BB, 33 accessions of AAB, and 42 accessions of ABB. Genetic relationship analyses of the 83 accessions based on the 8 primers detected only 67 genotypes due to the presence of 8 identical genotypes consisting of 24 accessions. The accessions clustered according to their genomic groups. ABB formed fewer clusters than the AAB genomic groups indicating less diversity in the ABB group. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Recently derived approximate analytical solutions of the Thomas–Fermi (TF) and Thomas–Fermi–Dirac (TFD) equations, together with the latter's analytical extension involving the correlation effect, are used for calculating the diamagnetic susceptibilities of Ar, Kr, and Xe. It is concluded that the agreement of the calculated susceptibilities with experimental data, especially in the case of the TFD model, is comparable in accuracy with quantum‐mechanical calculations.


This work presents an experimental study of the sulphur chemistry in oxy-fuel combustion of pulverized lignite. It has been observed that the emission of sulphur dioxide (SO2) by unit energy supplied is lower in oxy-fuel combustion than in air combustion [1-5] but the reason for this is not clear. In order to validate previous work and to clarify this difference the present work compares the amount of emitted SO2 in air and oxy-fuel combustion (wet and dry flue-gas recycle). Furthermore, the amounts of sulphur in the ash and in the water of the flue-gas condenser were determined to make a mass balance and to verify the measured amount of SO2 in the flue gas.


The accumulating method is introduced into the non-equidistant GM(1,1) model, then the accumulating method non-equidistant GM(1,1) model is proposed.And further, in order to reduce hysteresis error,an optimized background-value construction is given and substituted into the dispersed equation of the proposed model,from which,a new forecasting formula is obtained and can take the place of the white response.The analyzing results conclude that good effects are obtained when the accumulating method is applied into the non-equidistant model and a good forecasting precision of the improved model is achieved.


A horizontally curved beam element of arbitrary shape having three nodes and three degrees of freedom (vertical deflection, bending rotation, and twisting rotation) at each node is presented. The proposed element looks like an isoparametric curved beam element but it is based on a different formulation. The effect of shear deformation is incorporated in an efficient manner and to make the element free from locking in shear, which is a well-known problem of the isoparametric element. In this formulation, the field variables taken are vertical deflection, shear strain, and twisting rotation. It should be noted that shear strain is one of the field variables unlike isoparametric and other usual elements where bending rotation is the corresponding field variable. Moreover, the order of interpolating polynomial use for the different field variables is identical in the isoparametric element, while it is different in the present case. Numerical examples are solved to validate the proposed element and to show its accuracy and range of applicability.


Utilization of shrimp shell (Metapenaeus monoceros) to adsorb metanil yellow (MY) dye has been investigated using a batch system. The optimum conditions were achieved at pH 5, initial concentration 800 mg L–1, contact time 75 min, the heating temperature of adsorbent 120°C, adsorbent mass 0.05 g, and particle size 25 μm. These parameters resulted in an adsorption capacity of 69.307 mg g–1. The shrimp shell was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy energy-dispersive X-ray, and Brunauer–Emmett– Teller before and after the adsorption processes. Equilibrium adsorption data fitted a Langmuir isotherm model with R2 = 0.9816 indicating chemical adsorption with a homogeneous biosorption process of the adsorbate onto a biosorbent surface forming a monolayer. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics with R2 = 0.9953. The adsorption of MY onto the shrimp shell was an endothermic (positive ΔH°) and non-spontaneous (positive ΔG°) reaction. The reaction disorder was found to increase (positive ΔS°). This study revealed that the shrimp shell was an effective low-cost adsorbent to remove MY dye.


Antibacterial activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Capsella Bursa were carried out against eight different species of bacteria, Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus fecalis and Gram-negative Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Serratia marcescens,Acinitobacter bumani, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is active antibacterial only against gram-negative bacteria. The ethanolic and aqueous extract from the same plant showed different activities; the aqueous extract (hot) showed the same or greater activity than the ethanolic extract. by disc diffusion, hot aqueous extract 2000 and 3000 µg/ml inhibition zone was observed against five gram negative pathogens in almost similar pattern . Ethanolic extract was active only against Ps.aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae. The MIC and MBC values of the ethanolic and aqueous extract of Capsella Bursa was active against most bacteria. All isolates were tested by different concentration of sub-MIC of aqueous and ethanolic extracts give different activities of these concentrations to inhibit or omitting the ability of those isolates to produce virulence factors (DNase, Haemolysin production and Lipase production). Finally, the Broth dilution assay showed larger activity than the disc diffusion method.


Since the latter half of the twentieth century, the humanities have undergone some radical paradigm shifts. Critical approaches like new materialism, posthumanism, and ecocriticism have moved the heuristic focus from the linguistic constructedness to the embodied materialities of human (and, as it were, nonhuman) ways of being in the world. Far from implying a straightforward return to materialist philosophies, however, these approaches have endeavored to revaluate matter and materiality as the grounds of a "relational constitution of being" (Iovino and Oppermann 2014) and as agentic forces whose creative potential unfolds in protean co-emergences with meaning (cf. Zapf 2014; Oppermann 2014). Rüdiger Kunow's voluminous monograph Material Bodies: Biology and Culture in the United States promises to add yet another pertinent inquiry to this multi-faceted discourse. The reader's curiosity is immediately sparked by the intriguing tautology of the title, 'Material Bodies'. Arguably, she feels inclined to contend, all bodies are, by default, material. The subtitle's avowedly broad terms, 'biology and culture in the United States', offer clues for preliminary explanation, as their very gist, Kunow asserts, "rest[s] to a large degree on the meaning given here to that little word 'and'" (xiii). Indeed, their multiple conjunctures are posited as sites of contestation, which the author seeks to tackle from the biological end: Accordingly, "biology and especially the biology of human life, is a figure of intervention" (xviii), which thoroughly "disrupts human designs, social conventions and cultural performances" (xviii). In a nutshell, the author's main aims revolve around "trac[ing] the ways in which in the United States of America the cultural has become – or always been – suffused with the biological" (13) and, eventually, around "mapping the multifarious ways in which biology –more particularly the biology of human life – is inserted into, regulates,


The optical performance of variable attenuation by detuning the mirrors in a large-scale three-dimensional microelectromechanical-system-based photonic cross-connect for dense wavelength-division-multiplexed channel equalization is investigated. At attenuation levels up to 20 dB, better than 0.2-dB optical stability and 50-dB channel isolation are observed for both low- and high-angle connections. Penalty-free transmission is achieved for a cascade of attenuated paths when both the input and output mirrors are simultaneously detuned.


The utility model relates to a window wind brace and a window. The window wind brace comprises a support arm and a locating body, wherein the support arm is used for being mounted on a window sash, the locating body comprises at least one locating protrusion, and the locating body is arranged at the endpoint of the support arm. The window comprises a window frame, a window sash and the wind brace arranged between the window frame and the window sash; the window wind brace comprises the support arm and the locating body; the locating body comprises the at least one locating protrusion, and the locating body is arranged at the endpoint of the support arm; and the support arm is mounted on the window sash. The window wind brace and the window comprise locating bodies mounted on support arms, and the locating bodies are provided with locating protrusions, so that the support arm has no need of being repeatedly adjusted by mounting personnel due to the locating of the locating protrusion when the support arm of the window wind brace is mounted on the window sash, the process for mounting the window wind brace and the window provided by the utility model is simple, the time for mounting is less, and the cost for mounting the window wind brace and the window adopting the window wind brace is lower.


The time-scale version of Noether symmetry and conservation laws for three Birkhoffian mechanics, namely, nonshifted Birkhoffian systems, nonshifted generalized Birkhoffian systems, and nonshitfed constrained Birkhoffian systems, are studied. Firstly, on the basis of the nonshifted Pfaff-Birkhoff principle on time scales, Birkhoff's equations for nonshifted variables are deduced; then, Noether's quasi-symmetry for the nonshifted Birkhoffian system is proved and time-scale conserved quantity is presented. Secondly, the nonshifted generalized Pfaff-Birkhoff principle on time scales is proposed, the generalized Birkhoff's equations for nonshifted variables are derived, and Noether's symmetry for the nonshifted generalized Birkhoffian system is established. Finally, for the nonshifted constrained Birkhoffian system, Noether's symmetry and time-scale conserved quantity are proposed and proved. The validity of the result is proved by examples.


After 14 days of Nano-ZnO intraperitoneal injection which concentration is 5mg·kg-1、12.5mg·kg-1、25mg·kg-1、50mg·kg-1 and 125mg·kg-1,the free radicals generation,oxidative stress and toxic mechanism on Carassius auratus liver have been studied.The results show that Nano-ZnO significantly promoted the generation of free radicals in C.auratus liver.Signal intensity of free radicals and the content of lipid peroxides(MDA)firstly dropped and then raised with the increase of the concentrations of Nano-ZnO.While the reducibilityglutathione(GSH)content and GSH/GSSG firstly raised and then dropped with the increase of the concentrations of Nano-ZnO.Nano-ZnO caused the oxidative damage for Carassius auratus liver.The main toxic mechanism is that Nano-ZnO made the fish liver producing free radicals.


The study of polarized light is a powerful tool for the determination of magnetic fields in stellar objects. The most used methods are the so-called "photographic" method [1] and Balmer line photopolarimetry [2]. However, in various cases these two methods give different results for the same star. To assess the validity of the interpretation of photopolarimetric measurements of Balmer lines, we have developed a new model of the formation of these lines in a magnetized plasma. This model is based on the Simplified Unified Theory (SUT) for the computation of the line shape [3–5]. We present this model, some numerical results computed with it, and conclusions drawn from consideration of there results [6]. We discuss the prospects for future developments in continuation of this work.


Gliricidia sepium is a leguminous tree that has been used in alley cropping systems in the Northeastern semi-arid region of Brazil because of its good development under water stress conditions. However, little information is available on the effects of the introduction of this species into regional agroecosystems. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of the distance of Gliricidia sepium plants on the characteristics of maize crop, soil properties and microclimate conditions in the semi-arid region of Paraiba, Brazil. The study was conducted in the Esperanca County, Paraiba State, Brazil., where G. sepium trees were planted on a 0.5 ha field in 1996. The spacing used was 6 m between rows and 1 m between plants within the rows. In 2002, four 48 m2 plots were established within this field. Within each plot, three sampling positions were established: (1) under tree crowns in the rows (0 m); (2) 1 m apart from tree rows; and (3) 3 m apart from the tree rows. The experiment had a randomized block design with four replications. Litterfall dry matter amounted to 1.390 kg ha-1 under the trees and decreased to 270 kg ha-1 at a distance of 3 m from the trees. Soil P, K and light fraction of organic matter were significantly greater under the trees as compared to those between the tree rows. Soil and air monthly minimum temperature averages were not influenced by the distance from the trees. However, soil and air monthly maximum temperature averages were 6 and 2 °C lower under the trees, respectively. Soil moisture was significantly lower under the trees as compared to positions 1 and 3 m away from tree rows. Maize grain and straw yields as well as nutrient accumulation were higher under the trees and decreased with increasing the distance from the trees.


This article outlines a computational procedure for the prediction of dispersed two-phase, solid-liquid and gas-liquid, turbulent flows in baffled, impeller-stirred vessles common in the chemical industries. A two-flow Eulerian model is employed, based on the main assumption of interpenetrating coexisting continua. Mean momentum and mass conservation equations are solved for each phase and turbulent closure is effected by extending the single phase k- epsilon turbulence model to two-phase flows. The resulting set of highly coupled equations is solved by a two-phase implicit algorithm, PISO-2P, which allows calculation for a wide range of phase fraction, particle size and phase density ratios. Predictions are presented for solid-liquid and gas-liquid (bubbly) flows. Comparisons are made with experimental data for the mean phase velocities and volume fraction, mean slip velocity and turbulence quantities. (from Authors)


This paper investigates automated code plagiarism detection in the context of an introductory programming module. Three methods for detecting plagiarism are compared to determine whether these systems yield differing results. These methods are the use of MD5 hashes and the application of two plagiarism detection systems, namely MOSS and NED. The same set of solutions to the same problem was evaluated, using each of the three methods. This set was selected as a representative sample as it was characteristic of most other data sets submitted by students in the introductory programming module over the course of four years. The discrepancies in the results obtained by these detection techniques were used to devise guidelines for effectively detecting code plagiarism.


It is argued that developmental research should be oriented towards the explication of age changes by the manipulation of variables hypothesized to be associated with age. A number of strategies are discussed which permit short-term manipulation (simulation) of ontogenic change (age functions) in laboratory or controlled settings. These strategies are explored regarding their power in isolating the major variables whose effects are age (or time)-related and in providing information about the key developmental antecedents of age differences as they exist in natura. Although it was argued that such simulation strategies can supply suggestive evidence on key developmental variables, a number of caveats are added, primarily regarding the question of isomorphy between simulated and biotic developmental change. The consideration of these strategies, however, also focuses attention on the inherently descriptive nature of research designs which involve the use of age as an independent variable, further clarifies the role of chronological age in developmental theories, and highlights the potential importance of variables whose effects are manifested over time (or are age-related) but are not directly apparent when conventional cross-sectional or longitudinal methods of data collection are used.


Bacillus sp. No. 106, which was isolated from soil, secreted an enzyme that hydrolyzed cyclo(Gly-Gly). The enzyme was purified to the ultracentrifugally homogeneous state and an activity more than 450-fold that of culture broth. The enzyme was activated by Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and Sr2+, and strongly inhibited by Ni2+, Cu2+, p-chloromercuribenzoate, and monoiodoacetic acid. The Km value for cyclo(Gly-Gly) was estimated to be 11.1 mM. The enzyme hydrolyzed only cyclo(Gly-Gly) among various diketopiperazines tested. Aslo, the enzyme was inert toward Gly-Gly, milk casein, and hemoglobin.


OBJECTIVE: to know the hyperglycemia frequency and resistance to insulin in a group of patients with risk of carbohydrates metabolism disturbances. METHODS: a cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted in a population from the Reina polyclinic. A total of 118 patients were studied to measure the fast and postprandial glycemia after an oral load of glucose e insulinemia. For insulinresistance calculus HOMA-IR index was applied. RESULTS: there was a 5.1 % of diabetic patients aged over 60 and hypertensive; 25.4 % of sample showed some degree of hyperglycemia in the pre-diabetes rank. Glycemia disturbances increased in a parallel way to age increase (p= 0.005). Insulin-resistance was detected in 21,2 % of total of included patients and in 53.8 % of those presenting with some hydrocarbon metabolism disturbance being more marked in diabetic patients affecting to 83.3 % (p= 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: hyperglycemia-associated disturbances and insulin-resistance associated with hyperglycemia are frequent in clinical practice when risk group are studied due to diabetes.


Theoretical analysis of local-control irrigation, i.e., non-pressure underground irrigation, is conducted, and soil water movement equation is presented. On the basis of field experiment, discharge from orifices of different diameters of non-pressure irrigation and root zone local moisture status are researched. The experiment results indicate that discharge of non-pressure orifice is related to hole diameter, soil temperature, and soil water content etc; the hole diameter and initial soil water content have great effect on advancing speed of wetting front. The bigger the hole diameter and initial soil water content, the rapider the advancing speed of wetting front. If suitable diameter orifices distribute along pipe length, the water flow is uniform. The soil water content at depth of 5-35 cm has no obvious change, and can satisfy crop water requirement and physiological demand.


Problem statement: Research that investigates how interior designers use environmentally sustainable interior design criteria in their design solutions has not been done. To provide a base to develop education strategies for sustainable interior design, this study examined the state of environmentally sustainable interior design practice. Approach: A national, Internet-based survey of interior design practitioners was conducted. To collect data, the random sample of US interior design practitioners was drawn from the American Society of Interior Designers membership list. Environmentally sustainable interior design practice was defined by three factors: Global sustainable interior design, indoor environmental quality and interior materials. For each statement about environmentally sustainable interior design practice, respondents were asked to rate three dimensions: frequency of application, importance to the designer's firm and importance to the designer. Descriptive statistical analysis focused on the state of environmentally sustainable interior design practice. Results: Every statement to measure environmentally sustainable interior design practice showed the highest mean score in the category of importance to the designer and the lowest mean score in the category of frequency of application. Important to designer's firm ratings were always between these two extremes. Use of sustainable interior materials was identified as a less frequently applied component of environmentally sustainable interior design than indoor environmental quality. Conclusion/Recommendations: The application of environmentally sustainable interior design practice did not reach the same level as its perceived importance. Teaching methods that improve environmentally sustainable interior design practice and an understanding of the life cycle impact of interior materials are needed.


Aims: To assess the methods used in suicide attempts and sociodemographic characteristics of suicidal patients treated at the emergency department of a teaching hospital. Methods: Cross-sectional retrospective study, with active search for electronic medical records of patients treated at the emergency department of a public teaching hospital in the countryside of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from January to December 2015. All cases of suicide attempt were included, regardless of the suicide methods used. Successful suicide cases were not investigated. The statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, univariate analysis, and Pearson's chi-square test. Results: A total of 233 patients treated at the emergency department were referred for psychiatric evaluation, and 122 of them had attempted suicide. The mean age of the suicidal patients was 36.8±14.3 years, (minimum of 14 years and maximum of 88 years) and 74 (60.6%) of them were female. The most common suicide attempt methods were ingestion of medications (72 cases, 59%) and of pesticide (14 cases, 11.5%). Of all patients, 119 (97.5%) lived in Santa Cruz do Sul, predominantly in the urban area (103 patients, 84.4%). Of the 50 (41.0%) referrals, 32 (64.0%) were sent to the Center for Psychosocial Care, 7 (14%) to the Center for Children's and Adolescents' Psychosocial Care, 6 (12%) were admitted to a mental health unit, and 5 (10%) were sent to Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and Drug Abuse. Sixty-six (54.1%) patients had no electronic medical records of their outcome after discharge and 6 (4.9%) were lost to follow-up. Conclusions : Most of the treated suicidal patients were young adult females. The most common method of suicide attempt was the ingestion of medications, followed by the ingestion of pesticides.


Purpose: This study aimed to assess and compare the detection efficiency of non-invasive diagnostic imaging modalities as easy-to-understand indices for patients with myocardial ischemia. Methods: We included 1,000 patients with chest pain and possible coronary artery disease (CAD), based on their clinical condition. The modalities to be assessed were as follows: cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI), single-photon emission computed tomography, positron emission computed tomography (PET), stress echocardiography (SE), and fractional flow reserve derived from coronary computed tomography angiography (FFRCT). We used the decision tree simulation analysis to assess and compare the following: (1) the number of true positive (TP), false positive (FP), false negative (FN), and true negative (TN) test results per 1,000 patients, (2) positive predictive value (PPV), (3) negative predictive value (NPV), (4) post-test probability (post-TP), (5) diagnostic accuracy (DA), and (6) the number needed to diagnose (NND). Results: In the basic settings (pre-test probability: 50%), PET generated the highest TP (450), NPV (89%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 86%-92%), DA (87%, 95% CI: 85%-89%), and NND (1.35, 95% CI: 1.26-1.48). In contrast, CMRI produced the highest TN (435), PPV (87%, 95% CI: 84%-90%), DA (87%, 95% CI: 85%-89%), and NND (1.35, 95% CI: 1.26-1.48). In addition, FFRCT generated the highest FP (120). SE produced the highest FN (155) and post-TP (29%, 95% CI: 25%-33%). Conclusion: PET and CMRI were considered more efficient than other modalities. The results of our study will be useful for both physicians who order the examination and patients who undergo it.


An apparatus for measuring the flow of fluid, said apparatus comprising: a conduit (C) with walls that transports the fluid; at least two heat detectors (12, 30) are at spaced apart positions on the walls of the conduit (C) attached and the temperature of the fluid and the conduit (C) at the spaced positions measured; at least two electrical Energieaufbringelemente (18, 26) which are mounted at various locations on the conduit (C) and an electric current flow in the walls of the conduit cause (C) to the fluid in the conduit (C) with a predetermined temperature difference between to heat the various points; a control device for measuring the level of energy that the Energieaufbringelementen (18, 26) is supplied to maintain the predetermined temperature difference; and a display device (D), which provides a measure of the fluid flow rate as a function of the control means on the basis of the measured energy of the control device.


Data gathering is one of the most popular applications in multi-hop wireless sensor networks. Since resources are limited, it is important to efficiently allocate the resource while providing desired performance. In this paper, we consider resource allocation in the uplink of multi-hop wireless networks with the use of data buffers of finite size in the presence of transmission error. We first analyze the probability of buffer occupation of each router and then derive the outage probability associated with buffer overflow and transmission latency. Exploiting the analytic results, we design a resource allocation algorithm that minimally utilizes the resource in multi-hop wireless sensor networks, while guaranteeing desired performance. Finally, the proposed scheme is verified by computer simulation.


This study aims to examine the text on the critique of the hadiths of Imam Mahdi presented in a study in a whatsapp group: Belajar Hadis Yuk. Studying hadith is a special study of hadith whose material is delivered virtually. The research method used is qualitative research. The data search technique in this study uses observation and documentation, the purpose of observation and documentation in this study is the delivery of material whatsapp group: Belajar Hadis Yuk entitled criticism of Imam Mahdi's hadiths. The data analysis technique of this research uses a  manuscript study of the text presented in the study of hadith learning. The results of this study indicate that: Hadith study on whatsapp group Belajar Hadis Yuk talk about the Criticism of Hadiths Imam Mahdi has provided insights on group members who do not study hadith in a special institution. The study can be accessed virtually via google meet discussing the critique of the hadiths of Imam Mahdi.