The influence of the texture, structure, and chemistry of different carbon supports on the morphological properties, oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity, and stability of porous hollow PtNi nanoparticles (NPs) was investigated. The carbon nanomaterials included carbon blacks, carbon nanotubes, graphene nanosheets, and carbon xerogel and featured different specific surface areas, degrees of graphitization, and extent of surface functionalization. The external and inner diameters of the supported porous hollow PtNi/C NPs were found to decrease with an increase in the carbon mesopore surface area. Despite these differences, similar morphological properties and electrocatalytic activities for the ORR were reported. The stability of the synthesized electrocatalysts was assessed by simulating electrochemical potential variations occurring at a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) cathode during startup/shutdown events. Identical location transmission electron microscopy (IL-TEM) and electrochemical m...


imbalance of prostanoids. In the respiratory tract, this provokes asthma attacks. NSAID which do not have an inhibitory in ̄uence on cyclooxygenase activity (paracetamol, salicylamide) are usually well tolerated by these patients (1). Azapropazone is a moderately potent antiin ̄ammatory analgesic agent in comparison with standard drugs, such as aspirin, indomethacin, and phenylbutazone (2). It is known to have only a weak anticyclooxygenase-1 and anti-cyclooxygenase-2 activity (3). Its safety in patients with immediate-type hypersensitivity to pyrazolones has already been demonstrated (4). We investigated the tolerance of this drug in patients with aspirin intolerance. Thirty-four patients with documented aspirin intolerance were included in the study, whereas patients with IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to pyrazolones were excluded. The patients suffered from urticaria and/or angioedema after intake of aspirin. The diagnosis was based on an unequivocal case history and a negative prick and intradermal reaction to various analgesics including acetylsalicylic acid, pyrazolones, and azapropazone. The test concentration of each drug was 0.1%. Oral challenge tests with azapropazone were performed with a maximum single dose of 600 mg, which is the common single dose. The cumulative dose was 1060 mg (Table 1). The time interval between the dosages was 1 h. In case of doubtful reactions, the oral challenge was repeated with double-blind placebo controls. The skin tests were completely negative in all patients. In 33 out of 34 patients, the oral administration of azapropazone in a cumulative dose of 1060 mg did not cause any adverse reaction. One patient experienced pruritus and redness of the neck 4 h after the 600-mg dosage, but this could not be con®rmed in the double-blind, placebocontrolled rechallenge. The result of this study is unequivocal, since none of the patients with aspirin intolerance showed any adverse reaction to azapropazone after placebo-controlled challenge. At ®rst glance, this result might be surprising since azapropazone has a pyrazolidine moiety in its molecule, and it resembles phenylbutazone structurally (2). Nonetheless, it has only a weak anticyclooxygenase activity in vitro. Obviously, this inhibitory effect is negligible in vivo. Our study con®rms the result of a smaller study in which the tolerance of azapropazone in 12 patients with aspirininduced asthma was demonstrated (5). The fact that cyclooxygenase inhibition is not a major effect of azapropazone is necessary for the good tolerance of the drug in patients with aspirin intolerance. Azapropazone has a more potent anti-in ̄ammatory and analgesic effect than paracetamol (2). Therefore, azapropazone has a broader spectrum of indications than paracetamol. In addition, its general toxicity is relatively low. In conclusion, azapropazone can be added to the list of NSAID that can be prescribed with little risk for patients with aspirin intolerance. From the allergologic point of view, this drug is as safe as paracetamol.


Objective\ To explore the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSC) on healing of wounds combined with local skin irradiation injury. Methods\ MSC were injected into the wound combined with local skin irradiation injury.Light and electron microscopy,fibroblast and capillary vessel counts,detection of hydroxyproline content in the wound and demonstration of MSC distribution by fluorescence examination were carried out. Results\ MSC could accelerate the speed of wound healing,The number of fibroblasts and capillary vessels increased obviously during 5 to 20 days after wounding.Granular tissues were abundant in the wound,and the content of hydroxyproline increased in the MSC treated groups.The fluorescence labeling showed that MSC could be found during 1 to 20 days after injection. Conclusion\ MSC can remain alive in the wound for a long time and surely promote wound healing.\;


The author describes and emphasizes the value of a symptom and behavior rating checklist for teachers' use in drug studies with children. Factor analysis of the scale produced five factors that gave reliable subscales over a one-month period. A treatment study of dextroamphetamine with a group of children having learning and/or behavior disorders showed significant changes in all factors compared with a placebo group in a double-blind study.


A theory of optical, infrared, and microwave response of metal- dielectric inhomogeneous films is developed. The generalized Ohm's law is formulated. In this approach electric and magnetic fields outside a film can be related to the currents inside the film. Our computer simulations, show that the local electric and magnetic fields experience giant spatial fluctuations. The fields are localized in small spatially separated peaks: electric and magnetic hot spots. In these hot spots the local fields (both electric and magnetic) exceed the applied field by several orders of magnitude. The high-order field moments that characterize the average enhancement of Raman scattering and nonlinear optical processes are very large and frequency independent in a wide spectral range.


In this paper the SRS characteristic of a phosphorus-doped fiber made for RFLs is experimentally investigated. At an averaged pump power of 0.5W we observe three spectral lines in the output spectrum, which correspond to the first order Stokes of silica at 1.12μm, the third order Stokes of silica or the first order Stokes of P2O5 at 1.24μm, and the fourth order Stokes of silica at 1.31μm, respectively. When the pump power is increased to the maximum value of 2W, there in the spectrum appears a continuum near 1.54μm with a FWHM of more than 50nm. The expected fifth Stokes of silica at 1.39μm and the second Stokes of P2O5 at 1.48μm are not observed. We demonstrate that the fiber loss in the region of 1-1.5μm plays an important role in the development of SRS in phosphorus-doped fibers.


I>Miguel Delibes is an exhaustive survey of the bibliographic material generated by Miguel Delibes' writings. It provides the scholar with quick access to a panoramic view of what has been written by and about Delibes. The author provides biographical information about Delibes, a careful bibliography of his writing, an annotated bibliography of criticism, and an evaluative look at the trends in Delibes criticism.


Few commodities are as synonymous with any civilization as tea with China. This book analyzes the multifaceted influence of tea production and the tea trade upon Fujian, a premier tea-growing region, illuminating the economic, social, fiscal, and environmental ramifications of China's involvement with a dynamic world economy. Today, as contemporary China increasingly opens up to foreign trade, the historical experience documented here takes on a renewed importance.


As societal interest in inequality increases in Korea, both public and academic discussion on inequality is also on the rise. In order to more effectively discuss the problems of rising inequality, however, it is essential to study the consequences and implications of inequality. This study examines one of the consequences of inequality, particularly on individuals -- the relationship between an individual's perception of inequality and his/her evaluation of societal health, such as social trust and social mobility. According to a statistical analysis of the Korean Academic Multimode Open Survey for Social Sciences (KAMOS), those who perceive the level of income and wealth inequality in Korea as more unequal tend to have a lower level of trust toward Korean society and Korean people, as well as a lower expectation for both intra- and intergenerational social mobility. This study, which shows that rising inequality could have a negative impact at the individual level, not only extends the scope of the consequence-of-inequality studies from the society-oriented toward the individual-oriented, but it also has significant implications for the field, suggesting a new direction for future studies.


Evaluation of liquefaction potential by the conventional way are based on deterministic methods. The methods use only one condition of earthquake load as parameter in liquefaction analysis. Actually, the strength of earthquake loads are varies. In the other words, there is the uncertainty magnitude of earthquake loading. The uncertainty can be taken into analysis only by using a probabilistic approach. This study describes how to analyze liquefaction by probabilistic method. The method used was performance-based evaluation, developed by Kramer and Mayfield (2005, 2007). This method include contributions from all levels of magnitude earthquake (hazard levels) in liquefaction analysis. The research location is in Padang, West Sumatra. Soil Investigation data used are N-SPT and shear wave velocity spread in the city of Padang. Earthquake load parameters used were obtained from PSHA and deagregation analysis. The results of this study show the variation of liquefaction potential across the city of Padang based on liquefaction return period. The location with great potential for liquefaction (FS <1) by the probability more than 50% were in the coastal region and northern parts of Padang.


The characteristics and theory of elliptic gear drive are studied and the mathematical model of elliptic gear transmission is created by ADAMS.According to the feeding and cutting speed's requirement of raw material in tobacco package machine,the objective function and constraints are established.Finally an applied example to optimize this mechanism obtains approving parameters in design and manufacturing.With the help of ADAMS optimization,it's quick to obtain the design experience and an optimal designschema.


Objective:To observe the effect of Yangxinyigan liquid on lipid and hemorheology of patients with ischemic apoplexy sequelae. Methods: 292 case of patients with ischemic apoplexy sequelae devoded into two groups randomly, 154 cases of the treatment group was treated by Yangxinyigan liquid and routine rehabilitation, and 138 cases of the control group was treated by routine rehabilitation, to observe the neurologic impairment scores and lipid and hemorheology before and after treatment. Results: Compared with before treatment, the neurologic impairment scores were descened obviously in two groups(P0.01), and compared with control group, the neurologic impairment scores were decreased obviously in treatment groups(P0.05);Compared with before treatment, the content of TG,TC,LDL-C,the homo-shear and hyp-shear viscosity,specific viscosity of blood plasma,HCT,and fibrinogen were decreased obviously in two groups(P0.05 or P0.01); and HDL-C content were increased in treatment groups obviously(P0.01);compared with control group, the content of TG,TC,LDL-C, the homo-shear and hyp-shear viscosity,specific viscosity of blood plasma,and fibrinogen were different obviously in treatment groups(P0.05).Conclusion:Yangxinyigan liquid could improve neurologic function of patients with ischemic apoplexy sequelae through modulating blood lipid and improving hemorheology.


The application of nanotechnological innovations to increase the effectiveness of the bioflavonoid quercetin is considered. The ability to functionalize with specific ligands that target specific organs or cells is very important because it is possible to increase the concentration of quercetin at the desired target level while reducing side effects. Quercetin, as a flavonoid antioxidant, is widely used to reduce oxidative stress and activate important signalling pathways in cells. However, poor solubility in water, intensive first-pass metabolism limits its use. A strategy for the development of nanocomposites is presented, which involves combining quercetin obtained from agricultural waste with selenium nanoparticles. In vitro results demonstrated that quercetin-nanoselenium has high water solubility compared to individual flavonoids. It has been proven that quercetin-nano-selenium nanoparticles are capable of reducing 1,1-dipheny l-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals and are characterized by high antioxidant activity. The ability to functionalize nanoparticles with specific ligands that target the modulation of specific signaling pathways (Keap1/ Nrf2/ARE, Nf-kB, mTOR) in individual cells is very important, as it allows increasing the concentration of quercetin to the desired level while reducing side effects. Considering the beneficial effects of quercetin, a strategy has been developed that involves the use of selenium nanoparticles to deliver quercetin in a specific and controlled manner. Research in this direction is promising, as it will contribute to clarifying the expediency of using such nanosystems, which have not yet been widely used. The use of onion waste and its extracts in biotechnology, biomedicine, pharmaceuticals and the agro-industrial sector can be an optimal solution for reducing environmental damage. In addition, it will provide an economically determined alternative for the production of feed additives for animals and poultry. Compounds of quercetin with nanoselenium should take a worthy place in clinical medical practice, biology and agriculture. The beneficial effects of quercetin can be further enhanced with the help of nanotechnology, which will contribute to the effective use of this compound with such great biological potential.
Key words: nanobiotechnologies, waste, onion peel, 1,1-dipheny l- 2-picrylhydrazyl, antiradical activity.


This paper presents a case study involving a small group of students enrolled in a tutorial program learning introductory college chemistry. The underlying theoretical framework of this investigation was a constructivist view of learning, but more specifically it was based on Ausubel's theory of meaningful learning. The findings of this investigation ware: (1) students did undergo qualitative changes in their knowledge, but some students more so than others; (2) these changes were related to the students' learning approach, i.e., positively related to the adoption of a meaningful learning set (a predisposition to learn meaningfully); and to the nature (quality and quantity) of their prior knowledge; and (3) evidence suggested that at least one of the subjects changed from essentially a rote learner to a more meaningful learner. In addition, this study explored Ausubel's condition of adopting a meaningful learning set for meaningful learning to occur. (CW) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. **********************************************************************


Objective To discuss the diagnostic value of terriorial systolic function in patients with coronary disease (CAD) by two-dimensional territorial strain(Ter-Strain).Methods Left ventricular(LV) territorial peak systolic strain(Ter-PSS),territorial wall systolic index(Ter-WSI) and territorial tissue velocity imaging(Ter-TVI) in 42 CAD patients confirmed by coronary artery(CA) graphy were calculated.Patients with CAD were divided into three subgroups: non-stenosis,mild-middle stenosis and severe stenosis group,and the three factors(Ter-PSS,Ter-WSI and Ter-TVI) were compared respectively to get the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy between servere stenosis and mild-middle stenosis.15 normal cases were seclected as the control group.Results Ter-PSS and Ter-TVI in patients with CAD were lower than those in the normal group.Ter-WSI was higher than that in the normal group.There was statistical difference on Ter-PSS between the blood-supplying area in severe stenosis group[(-9.55±6.54)%]and the mild-middle stenosis[(- 16.29±5.74)%]as well as the non-stenosis group[(- 15.33±5.07)%](P0.01). There was no statistical difference between mild-middle and non-stenosis group(P=0.42).There was statistical difference on Ter-WSI between the blood-supplying area in severe stenosis group(1.74±0.62) and mild-middle stenosis group(1.18±0.31) as well as the non-stenosis group(1.30±0.48)(P0.01).There was no statistical difference on the Ter-TVI among the severe stenosis,mild-middle and nonstenosis group.The area of Ter-PSS,Ter-WSI and Ter-TVI under the ROC curve in diagnosing severe CA stenosis were 0.794,0.752 and 0.533 respectively.Sensitivity and specificity were 73.8%and 88.0%when the best cut-point of Ter-PSS was -12.5%,and 67.2%and 76.0%when the best cut-point of Ter-WSI was 1.20.Conclusions Ter-PSS and Ter-WSI can differentiate severe stenosis from mild-middle stenosis accurately.Sensitivity and specificity of Ter-PSS are higher than those of Ter-WSI.


In this essay the relation between library science and architecture is considered, the cooperation between architect and librarian, the results and the problems are shown. The paper ends with the demand for better cooperation between both partners to avoid unfunctional solutions and to achieve a better use of library buildings and its holdings.


India's 70 percent of population lives in rural areas and rural infrastructure lays the foundation for development in any country. The basic infrastructure needed in rural areas are- roads, education, health, drinking water supply and sanitation, telecommunication, irrigation and power. But the condition of housing, education and health are still very poor. Many people are uneducated and illiterate. Government has started many programmes for boosting the rural infrastructure development. These programmes did not achieve much success in addressing the infrastructure deficit. Public Private Partnerships (PPP) can supplement the infrastructure deficit as well as sustainable development of rural areas through PPPs projects. It has helped in socio-economic and Infrastructure development in rural areas. This paper highlights the concept of PPP and growth of PPP projects in different sectors in India and also analyzes its opportunities & challenges in rural infrastructure development in India.


The intrinsic training for teachers refers to one that lays special emphasis on basic teaching norms and teachers' personalities,specialties,creativity and normal development.Neither being neglected,teachers may develop freely in both curriculum space and teaching space.The principles of the intrinsic training are to respect differences,cherish characteristics,give guidance on demand and be based on achievements.Its characteristics are the natural combination of universities and middle schools with middle schools as the bases and classroom examples as carriers to make classroom diagnoses and hold teaching salons.It emphasizes teachers' initiative participation and personal development during the training.


Constraint induced movement therapy is considered a current alternatives in neurorehabilitation, in this is a lock on the unaffected side, facilitating the development of skills in the hemiplegic side, from the practice of successive task and shaping. Objective: the effects at the level of hand function in adults with spastic hemiplegia from a process of review of the literature contained in different databases. Methods: We performed a literature search in different databases such as Pubmed, PeDro, OtSeeker, Scient Direct, using as a search term "stroke" and "constraint induced movement therapy; the information was collected which will deal about the technique and its application in patients hemiplegics adults. Conclusions: The reviewed literature shows that the therapy of restriction of the healthy side generates multiple benefits in terms of arm function and specifically, to the motor function of upper limb (grips, scope), and therefore in functional independence. It is recommended that the implementation of the most widespread protocols in Latin American population as well as to establish cost-effectiveness and the adoption of this strategy in clinical intervention plans.


How to better police mental illness is an evergreen component of criminal justice reform agendas. The Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) has, like many departments, adopted specialized strategies designed to improve these encounters by tasking officers with both care and control responsibilities. These hybridized policing strategies are illustrative of a larger trend of managing social marginality through institutions that increasingly destabilize the penal/welfare state binary. This article draws from fieldwork with the LAPD to analyze how patrol officers construct the category of "mental illness" and deploy hybridized strategies. The analysis focuses on the inflection points that shape how a subject is categorized and the call's disposal to understand how policing from the "murky middle" of state governance unfolds on the ground. Findings show how officers strategically invoke the pressure of time and the power of place to construct this category and deploy specialized resources when resolving trouble case, or "5149 and a half," calls. Here, hybridized strategies function to manage social marginality through a governance of problem solving that appears uninterested in doing either care or control. The article concludes by reflecting on the project of hybridizing care and control to police mental illness specifically and social marginality more broadly.


Most of existing substations were commissioned in a time when the only communication link was a private telecontrol bus. Since then, DSO and utilities practices have evolved and require more connectivity to the substation. These new practices and the increasing threat of malware have raised cyber security awareness. Even though a protection and automation control system is becoming more and more an IT system, it has its specific constraints (high availability, highly distributed, weak connectivity and a long lifecycle) and must be treated accordingly. The authors have collected technical security practices from the IT world and selected those that can be applied to a commissioned substation and require no change to the substation automation core software. While implementation of these techniques will not lead to full compliance to cyber security standards (such as NERC CIP) or recommendations (such as NISTIR 7628), the substation "attack surface" will be greatly reduced for a low cost. (4 pages)


ABSTRACT A narrative reflection on the relationship between physical life and creativity, and exploration of yoga as a foundational tool for imaginative empowerment.


OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of concentrated liquor from male zooid of Antheraea pernyi to the cellular immune function, humoral immune function, and monocyte phagocytic system of mice.METHODS: For each item of the experiment, 40 mice were randomized into physiological saline group, and three different dose groups of concentrated liquor from male zooid of Antheraea pernyi, and raised continuously for 15 days with routine food and the concentrated liquor from male zooid of Antheraea pernyi (iv). The typical FSR (mm) value representing cellular immune function, HC 50 value representing humoral immune function,phagocytic exponent K and emendation phagocytic exponent α representing the cleanup function of the monocyte phagocytic system in mice to colloid charcoal particles, were determined and calculated respectively.RESULTS: At 24 hr and 48 hr,The FSR value of the treatment groups improved obviously compared with the control group,and the data showed obvious difference with variance analysis(24 h P0.01,48 h P0.001). The HC 50 showed obvious difference with variance analysis, big dose group vs control group, also big dose group vs small dose and medium dose respectively,P0.01. Exponent K and emendation phagocytic exponent α showed an increasing trend, but no obvious difference with variance analysis.CONCLUSIONS: The concentrated liquor from male zooid of Antheraea pernyi can obviously enhance the cellular immune system of mice, and has certain stimulative effect to the humoral immune function,and no distinct influence to the monocyte phagocytic system of mice


Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a form of high-performance concrete that flows and fills the form without segregation. This paper presents the behaviour of concrete when it is subjected to elevated temperatures. The investigation reports the loss in compressive strength and risk of spalling of SCC. The effects of elevated temperature on the properties of normal concrete (NC) and SCC are summarised. The compressive strength of NC and SCC was determined at different temperatures, thus providing scope of determining loss/gain in strength. In addition, modes of cooling and variation in different grades of concrete were studied. Non-destructive testing using a rebound hammer was also conducted to study the changes in surface hardness of concrete specimens subjected to elevated temperatures. The test results indicate that SCC is more sensitive to elevated temperatures, compared to NC.


Let R be a commutative domain with 1, Q its field of quotients, and M a torsion-free R module. By a balanced submodule of M is meant an RD-submodule N [i.e. rN = N ∩ rM for each r ∈ R] such that, for every R-submodule J of Q, every homomorphism η : J → M/N can be lifted to a homomorphism χ:J → M. This definition extends the notion of balancedness as introduced in abelian groups (see e.g. [10, p. 113]). The balanced-projective R-modules can be characterized as summands of completely decomposable R-modules (i.e. summands of direct sums of submodules of Q). If R is a valuation domain, then such summands are again completely decomposable; see [12, p. 275].


A 24-year-old male farmer presented with multiple, erythematous, mildly itchy lesions over the scalp with pus discharge for 15 days. There was no history of drug intake, photosensitivity, joint pain, fever, any systemic symptoms, or similar lesions at other body sites. He denied use of any topical medications. On examination, annular and polycyclic erythematous plaques covered with yellowish crust in the center and matting of hairs in the periphery with apparent arrangement in palisades were noted (Fig. 1a). A few discrete pustules were seen at the edge of the lesion. The remaining cutaneous examination and examination of the mucosae and nails was unremarkable. Gram stain of pus showed neutrophils without any organisms. KOH mount and Tzanck smear showed negative results. A punch biopsy was taken from the edge of a lesion and submitted for histopathological examination. Skin biopsy showed parakeratosis, inconspicuous granular layer, acanthosis, and elongation of rete ridges. There was focal accumulation of neutrophils in stratum malpighii with infiltration of neutrophils and lymphomononuclear cells in the upper dermis. Increased vascularity was also noted in the papillary dermis (Fig. 1b). Direct immunofluorescence of perilesional skin did not reveal any immune deposits. Other hematological and biochemical investigations were normal, and antinuclear antibody was negative. Based on the clinical features and histological examination, a diagnosis of APP localized to the scalp was made, and the patient was treated with topical clobetasol lotion twice daily. On the 10th day follow-up visit, the pustules and matting of hair follicles had decreased to reveal annular erythematous scaly plaques of psoriasis (Fig. 2). On continuing the treatment for another four weeks, there was complete remission of the scalp lesions. During his final visit, after a further four weeks, the patient had no active lesions and continued to be in clinical remission.


Using idealized distributions of surface moisture, it is shown that with a significant synoptic prevailing flow over these regions of surface variability, dispersion is generally enhanced over heterogeneous surfaces as compared to horizontally homogeneous conditions. The importance of the heterogeneity becomes less, however, as the large scale wind speed increases and/or the spatial scale of the heterogeneities become less. This work also clearly demonstrates that the use of Gaussian regulatory models in areas of landscape variability is inappropriate. Even casual observers of landscape as viewed from aircraft discern the significant spatial heterogeneity of the surface. Over settled areas, the earth's surface is a patchwork of farms, suburban developments, parks, industrial complexes, and so forth. In more remote areas, the ground is generally characterized by varying surface geologic features and vegetation community composition. Superimposed on both natural and man-made landscapes are terrain elevation and aspect variability. In this paper we use examples to: • Document observationally existing natural and anthropogenically modified spatial variability of landscape. * Demonstrate, using a mesoscale meteorological model coupled with a Lagrangian dispersion model, how atmospheric dispersion patterns are modified from what would occur in the absence of these landscape variations.


In order to exhibit the surgery instruments in intraoperative image, the tracking system must be introduced so that it may finally achieve the image guide surgery on minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS). To exhibit the tip of the instrument, the transform of the CARM(a device which generates X-ray images) and CT image, the transform of the world and CARM. The more transforms of different space happen, the more errors will be introduced into the system. This paper is focused on the surgery robot tracking problem, especially for the tracking of the position and posture of the surgery instruments. We introduce a method which could establish the robot model of the surgery and show the projection of the surgery instruments on intraoperative images which could help surgeon estimate the relative position of the surgery instrument and patient's spine.


The present invention relates to a delamination method for recovering constituents of a paper-based multi layered laminated packaged waste. The method comprises using of a mixture of inorganic bases to separate the constituents of the packaged waste and recover paper, plastic and/or aluminium components separately. The paper can be recovered as pulp, the plastic can be recovered as is, and the aluminium can be recovered as a water soluble salt. The delamination method of the present invention is also effective on cardboard-based multi layered laminated packaged waste.


Platooning is a promising technology which can mitigate greenhouse gas impacts and reduce transportation energy consumption. Platooning is a coordinated driving strategy where trucks align themselves in order to realize aerodynamic benefits to reduce required motive force. The aerodynamic benefit is seen as either a "pull" effect experienced by the following vehicles or a "push" effect experienced by the leader. The energy savings magnitude increases nonlinearly as headway (following distance) is reduced [1]. In efforts to maximize energy savings, cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) is utilized to maintain relatively short headways. However, when platooning is attempted in the real world, small transient accelerations caused by imperfect control result in observed energy savings being less than expected values.This study analyzes the performance of a recently developed nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) platooning strategy over challenging terrain. The NMPC strategy is compared to the previous proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control scheme in terms of headway, commanded torque, and fuel rate variances along with the total fuel consumed per lap. These comparisons reveal that the NMPC based controller's ability to optimize headway variation while considering upcoming grade disturbances reduces the harshness of commanded torque and fuel rate transients. These platoon behavior changes result in significant fuel energy consumption reductions. In all platooning configurations analyzed, the NMPC strategy consumed less fuel than the comparable PID based data. This is best exemplified by findings from platoons with increased headway spacing. When compared to PID platoon control, the NMPC produced 25.5% and 31.6% fuel consumption decreases for the final truck in four-truck platoon configurations when targeting 50 foot and 100 foot follow distances, respectively. These results suggest that the NMPC implementation minimizes extraneous acceleration events associated with rigid PID headway adherence.


To provide an efficient absorption spectral system in which vacuum ultra violet (VUV) light facilitates spectroscopy of a substance in a VUV region.SOLUTION: A spectroscopy system 100 can be configured to measure solid, liquid or gaseous samples. Vacuum ultra-violet wavelength can be utilized. Some of the disclosed techniques can be used for detecting presence of trace concentration of gaseous species. A preferable gas flow cell 104 is disclosed. Some of the disclosed techniques may be used by using a gas chromatography system 130 so as to detect and identify species eluted from a column 133. Some of the disclosed techniques may be used in conjunction with an electrospray interface and a liquid chromatography system 130 so as to detect and identify gas phase ions of macromolecules produced from solution. Some of the disclosed techniques can be used to characterize chemical reaction. Some of the disclosed techniques can be used in conjunction with an ultra short-path length sample cell to measure liquid.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1


The gasket (36) as a mold for vulcanizing a tire comprises at least one sipe (52a-b) molding a notch (26a-b) a tread (12) of the tire. At least one edge (56, 58) of the lamella (52a-b) is overmoulded by a cord (46a-c) for molding a channel (32a-c) of the tread (12).


ABSTRACT Critical Military Studies (CMS) has emerged as an important subdiscipline in international security studies and an interdisciplinary field in its own right. In this article, we offer a close reading of foundational CMS literature to reveal its distinct approach to the critical study of military power. We argue this foundational literature is characterised by a commitment to a series of 'in-between' and 'engaged' positions on conceptual binaries between civilian and military spheres, questions of methodological proximity to or distance from military actors, and ethical political support for or opposition to militarism. While CMS makes important contributions to analyses of military power and security, we argue it too often re-centres white western male military subjects and agendas while marginalising antimilitarism. In this way, we argue, it reproduces a form of epistemic and 'methodological whiteness' that limits its potential to offer a sustained critique.


Suppose R+ = [0, +∞[ , R− = ]−∞, 0], and f :]0,+∞[×R+×R− → R is a function satisfying the local Carathéodory conditions, i.e. the function f(·, x, y) :]0,+∞[→ R is measurable for all (x, y) ∈ R+×R−, the function f(t, ·, ·) : R+ × R− → R is continuous for almost all t ∈]0, +∞[ , and the function f∗ ρ (·) = max{|f(·, x, y)| : 0 ≤ x ≤ ρ, 0 ≤ y ≤ ρ} is integrable on every compact interval contained in ]0, +∞[ . For the differential equation


On the status of intension competition of talent at colleges and universities,scattering of campus and difficulties in management,by considering the basic duty of personnel resources management at higher technical institutes,the paper discusses the humanistic notion of the management and its practice and analyses the feature of inspiration system,The paper also reforms check system,promotion system,cultivation system,and inspiration system,which gives a reference for the same sort of management departments.


Russian symbolism is the only fully developed modernist school of literature on the land of Russia and has epoch - making significance in the history of literature . Russian symbolism is the dividing line between Russian classical literature and modem literature and the origin of modernist literature of the 20th century . The purpose of the article is to introduce Russian symbolism, the modernist school of literature to the readers such as the background of existence , the main characteristics, the representative authors and their works, meanwhile comparatively whole and objective comments are made.


CALIFORNIA HAS UNDERTAKEN dramatic reforms in recent years to reduce the size of its prison population, in part by giving new responsibilities to local probation agencies. New funds are flowing into county probation agencies from the state (Bird & Hayes, 2013) and, in recent years, progress has been made in implementing evidence-based practices (Judicial Council of California, 2015). Now is an opportune moment to take stock of the policy and practical consequences of California's reforms; however, documenting the new challenges faced by probation agencies has proven difficult, given the lack of good data about exactly how probation populations in the state are changing, and how the demands and expectations for probation officers are changing along with them. This article reviews the major reforms in California probation policies in the last decade and, relying on newly available data, describes how those changes have reshaped probation populations. We discuss the research literature on probation workers, which offers some key insights to guide our inquiry about the law enforcement and social work dimensions of probation work. We then report data on how the nature of probation work has changed in the context of these policy and population changes, using statewide survey data on probation officers and supervisors. Our findings show that as probation populations have increasingly comprised higher risk and higher stakes offenders, the job of probation officers has changed. In general, we see rising expectations for what researchers have called a "hybrid" or "synthetic" approach to probation work, which combines a strong emphasis on both social work and law enforcement.


The present study drew from the career construction theory of career adaptation and assessed the extent to which career agility and psychological capital (as psychological states of adaptive readiness) activated employees' career adaptability resources and fostered their career resilience and career satisfaction (as modes of career adaptedness). A sample of (N = 412; mean age = 38.79 years) Black African employees in the public services participated in the study. Correlational statistics showed positive associations between the study variables. Mediation effects highlighted technological adaptivity, agile learning, optimism, and hope as activators of career concern, career control, and career curiosity, which in turn boosted self-reliance, personal resilience, and work resilience. Psychological states of career agility and psychological capital had also direct effects on the career adaptedness modes of career resilience and career satisfaction. The findings enriched career adaptation theory and have utility for organisational career development practice in the public services.


Overactive bladder (OAB) is a prevalent syndrome that is associated with multiple urinary tract symptoms and could affect the patient's quality of life and well‐being. Vitamin D is shown to be linked to OAB syndrome, which exacerbated by stress conditions. This study evaluated the relationship between vitamin D status, daily calcium intake and OAB, and the associated psychological symptoms.


Constitutional guarantees of access to the Judiciary were expanded in CPC/2015, which expressly included extrajudicial fees in the concept of free justice. However, § 8 of art. 98 CPC/2015 determined that the competent court to revoke the concession of such gratuity would be the competent court to decide notarial or registry issues, which is the administrative court, director of the forum, as a rule. The problem that Revista Eletrônica de Direito Processual – REDP. Rio de Janeiro. Ano 15. Volume 22. Número 3. Setembro a Dezembro de 2021 Periódico Quadrimestral da Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Direito Processual da UERJ Patrono: José Carlos Barbosa Moreira (in mem.). ISSN 1982-7636. pp. 82-102 www.redp.uerj.br 84 arises: is the administrative court competent to revoke a jurisdictional decision? The hypothesis is that free justice will be granted and revoked by the judge of the case in respect of the unified system of judicial control.


Common problems on construction or project based industry are frequent deadlines delays, budget overruns and improper quality. Lean construction is one of approach for improving this situation by identifying and formulating recommendation to eliminate or reduce waste. It started by using Value Stream Mapping to understand the flow of information and material thus waste can be identified. Then, five why's analysis is utilized to get the root cause of waste. To formulate recommendation, the root cause of waste is ranked according to risk priority number. Finally, suggestion for reducing or eliminating these root cause of waste are provided accordingly. These approach is applied in two different organizations, an engineering procurement construction industry and a building construction company. The result of utilization of lean construction approach shows that the critical waste in the engineering procurement construction industry are waiting and correction. While in the building construction company, waiting is also identified as the critical waste and waste due to over processing. For both cases, root cause of waste of waiting have the highest risk priority number. Thus, specific recommendations to reduce these root cause are suggested accordingly.


Idiopathic acute pancreatitis (IAP) is defined as acute pancreatitis for which the standard initial evaluation has failed to reveal the etiology. Although a tumor is a rare cause of IAP, it is important to consider it in advance, because prognosis is poor if diagnosis is delayed. We describe a case of presumed IAP at the index presentation that was finally diagnosed as intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm with an associated invasive carcinoma in a 70-year-old woman after surgery to remove a mass identified during follow-up endoscopic ultrasonography. Therefore, this is a case in which suspicion of malignancy and follow-up endoscopic ultrasonography helped to appropriately diagnose and treat the tumor. Korean J Pancreatobiliary 2015;20(4):216-221


The major objective of this study is to identify the nature of political participation of different groups in a multicultural communal context. The study was carried out based in the Ampara District in the eastern province of Sri Lanka. The Ampara district has been a multicultural space from the formation of the district in 1961 and has been influential in electoral politics in ethnic context. This study has incorporated both primary and secondary data collected from different sources. The collected data has been descriptively analyzed. The study has found that "patron-client relationship" of the political culture working as a mobilizing initiator for electoral turnout among the three major ethnic groups in the district. However, establishment of the distinctive political party for their own, Muslims of the coastal area of the district marked a major departure point of the community"s pattern of political participation. This development was a reaction to intense ethnic conflict between two major constituent ethnic groups of the country, i.e. Sinhalese and Tamils. The study has also found that there is a different pattern of political participation between the traditional inhabitant Sinhalese and the settlers in colonization schemes in the district. The traditional villagers show less interest in electoral politics while Sinhalese in the colonies have been very active. This is a shared feature of both Muslims and Sinhalese living in the colonies. On the other hand, the Tamils living in the area tends to amend to the political orders of the Tamils political elite based in Colombo and Jaffna. They tended to isolate themselves from other political parties. The study concludes that until Sri Lanka find a lasting political solution to the ethnic issue, segregation and fragmentation in multi-cultural context remains the pattern of electoral politics and building an overall Sri Lankan identity is next to impossible.


A system of frequency conversion control for water treatment in thermal power plant is described. Its composition, principle and functions are illustrated emphatically. It is shown that the control result is available in practice.


The implement method of virtual navigation mark system is discussed and its application software based on VB and MapX is developed.This virtual navigation mark system is simulated by using AIS equipment.The relationship between ship and navigation marks can be visually monitored in electronic chart display terminal,and the distance between vessel and virtual navigation marks in sailing process can be judged with the help of electronic chart space analysis function.The simulation results have proved the feasibility of realizing the virtual navigation mark technology adopted in the paper and also provides a theoretical foundation to evaluate real ship virtual navigation mark system.


Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by 1–1 cupric chelates of ethylenediamine and glycine has been analyzed and shown to be essentially of a noncompetitive type. Inhibition by the 1–1 nickel chelates is weaker than the corresponding cupric chelates; but in contrast to the lack of activity of 2–1 cupric chelates, 2–1 nickel chelates exert significant inhibition. This suggests that in these chelates the metal is binding to the enzyme and that the availability of coordination sites in the metal is more important than chelate charge. This fact plus the noncompetitive nature of the inhibition suggests that the binding does not occur at the active site of the enzyme. Increased inhibition at higher pH in the nickel systems is further evidence that the chelate is interacting with an ionizing group, as previously reported.


As VLSI circuits become high-speed and high-density, a crosstalk fault becomes an important problem. In a synchronous sequential circuit, since the crosstalk fault between a data line and a clock line is important, we described an algorithmic test generation technique for the fault. Some simulation results of our method for the ISCAS bench mark circuits are reported.


In view of modern technologies proper of the Digital Era we shortly discuss some recent activities of our research groups in the broad field of Cultural Industry, where Art, Mathematics and Physics are gaining new interrelationships concerning the use of Digital Art and Web Technologies in the domain of Scientific Communication and Visualization. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


The development of hydroelectric projects in Peru involves not only the technical assessment of water use in a given watershed, but also environmental-economic evaluation for feasibility. Also, for the activity of generating electricity through a hydroelectric plant, it is required to obtain from the state a concession, in accordance with the requirements and procedures set out in the Electricity Concessions Law and the framework for the electrical activities.
But this kind of energy entrepreneurship is not an exclusive right, at least until a final award, electric law does give the holder the exclusive right to make the execution of the works and the operation of a specific use is approved hydropower. Therefore, there may be several hydropower development alternatives studied in the same catchment area, which could lead to a situation of competing requests conferral.
Indeed, this type of administrative events is provided in the Electricity Concessions Law and Regulations, rule providing both the criteria and administrative procedures to be followed in the event of multiple requests for final concession, in order to select the best alternative.
In that sense, although the current rule contemplates such occurrences and procedures to be followed by the Directorate General of Electricity to resolve this situation, but this framework is not precise or specific the criteria to be used to choose the best option that used natural resource more efficient use.
That is why, this research is based on this inaccuracy, in order to propose a methodology for selecting the best water use for energy purposes, introducing technical, environmental and economic criteria that are unique to hydroelectric projects, and use as part the evaluation, process of Hierarchical Analysis method and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), created by Professor Thomas L. Saaty.
We have chosen this method because it combines various technical criteria, which in turn facilitates a comprehensive analysis of hydropower projects that are in the process of competing for a concession, hoping that this kind of assessment will provide the General Electricity and promoters of hydropower projects, ensuring a more objective selection and accurately.


"… Food chemistry has the important task to improve food security by the development of applicable strategies to give perishable products longer shelf lives. The discovery of unknown food contaminants and adulterants that are not being searched for is crucial in order to avoid scandals and to provide safe and pure food for the consumer …" Read more in the Guest Editorial by Monika Pischetsrieder.


Readers will find the first true portrait of this enigmatic leader. As Mason takes readers behind the scenes, they'll discover how Perot pulled off one of the shrewdest start-ups ever and how, in just six years, he parlayed it into a billion dollar personal fortune. Readers will gain new insights in


To solve low accuracy and efficiency issues on the large-scale data classification,an adaptive random subspace ensemble classification algorithm aided by the X-means clustering was proposed.X-means clustering was adopted to separate the original data space into multiple clusters automatically,maintaining the original data structure;moreover adaptive random subspace ensemble classifier enhanced diversity of the base components and determined the size of base classifiers automatically,so as to improve the robustness and accuracy.The experimental results show that the proposed method improves the traditional single and ensemble classifiers with respect to accuracy and robustness on the large scale datasets with high dimension.Furthermore,it improves the overall efficiency of the algorithm.


Some history of this bearings-only problem at Sperry dating from 1965 is presented. The erratic estimation problems were soon recognised and labeled the "Collapse of the Covariance Matrix Problem". A solution was soon found as a relation transformation on the covariance matrix. The angle of rotation was the difference between estimates of bearing before and after a measurement update. Based on a comparison of covariance analyses for simulated problems using the true bearings with Monte Carlo results it was concluded that no further significant improvement could be achieved. This conclusion is yet to be disproved. >


as realistically possible. Maryke Groenveld, in particular, specifically tackles the effects of visual disability on behaviour and the family not the easiest subject, but a fundamentally important one. It is perhaps unfair to single out any one section from such a substantial body of information. However, the chapter entitled 'Neurological causes of visual impairment and investigations' by James E. Jan seems especially relevant to professionals working with the current population of visually impaired children who have additional disabilities. Jan's examination of corti-


The main purpose of the current research was to investigate lipid metabolisms peculiarities of the most numerous ethnic groups of the Amur River region: nanais, ulchis, evenks. The content of the following lipid spectrum components was investigated: general cholesterol, triglycerides, cholesterol of high-density lipoproteins and cholesterol of low-density lipoproteins comparing natives and new comers.


Teratomas of the cervical area are relatively rare tumors — only 132 cases have been reported. This paper adds two more cases to the literature and reviews the important clinical aspects of the disease. This tumor commonly presents in early infancy with increasing respiratory distress; polyhydramnios is commonly associated with tumors greater than 10 cm in diameter. They are always benign in infants and are believed to arise from the thyroid gland. Prompt surgical removal is mandatory. Thyroid function studies should be initiated preoperatively, if feasible, and definitely postoperatively to avoid the possible complication of hypothyroidism in the young infant.


Electrical resistance is among the characteristics that fastening systems must meet to ensure the proper functioning of signaling systems in railway infrastructure. The EN 13146-5:2012 standard specifies a laboratory testing method for determining the electrical resistance under wet conditions between running rails provided by a fastening system on steel or concrete sleepers. In urban railway tracks, the electrical resistance of fastening systems affects the stray current; however, there is no standardized electrical resistance measuring method. There is also no definition for the minimum value that the electrical resistance of fastening systems must satisfy to prevent stray currents. For this reason, this paper analysis the possibility of using the standard EN 13146-5:2012 for the measurement and analysis of the electrical resistance of fastening systems in urban railway tracks. In this study, the electrical resistance of different fastening systems used in urban railway tracks was measured. Based on the tests results, the modifications needed in the EN 13146-5 standard for it to be suitable for urban railway tracks were identified. The proposed modifications include the use of a DC current source. The test should be performed on a rail sample fastened to the concrete base, and the current circuit should be closed by the reference electrode installed in the base. Spraying water from nozzles is not applicable for this measurement. The test should be performed under dry conditions and at different water levels (water on the top of the concrete base and on the top of the levelling layer). Different water levels were used to simulate the most common conditions in urban railway tracks built as part of the road surface, where the track-drying process is very slow. The test should not be performed when the rails are immersed in water, because the current flows directly from the rail into the water in such case, and the fastening system has no influence on the measured electrical resistance value. In addition to describing the proposed changes, the calculation of the minimum electrical resistance value that fastening systems in urban railway tracks must satisfy is also presented.


Background: Recent meta-analyses have shown indifferent results between minimally invasive (MI) and conventional approach (CA) total hip arthroplasty (THA), not including the superior MI approach SuperPATH. The aim was to compare the surgical, functional and radiological outcomes and postoperative complications of MI THA, including SuperPATH, with CA THA in patients with hip disease or femoral neck fracture. Methods: PubMed, CNKI, The Cochrane Library, clinical trials, CINAHL and Embase were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing MI THA and CA THA up to 31 July 2023. Mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for continuous outcomes and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs were calculated for dichotomous outcomes using a common effect/random effects model. The random effects model was used to present the results. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochrane Q test and the Higgins I2 test. Results: A total of 47 RCTs with 4086 THAs in 4063 patients were included in our meta-analysis. MI THA showed better results than CA THA in 8 of 18 outcome parameters studied. MI THA showed a higher Harris Hip Score (HHS) than CA THA at 0–1.5, 3, 6 and ≥12 months postoperatively (p < 0.01; p = 0.02; p = 0.01; p = 0.01). MI THA showed an indifferent overall postoperative complication risk compared to CA THA (p = 0.61). Acetabular positioning angles were within the safe zone in all approaches. Conclusions: The results of the meta-analysis suggest that MI THA has several advantages over CA THA in terms of short-term surgical and functional outcomes, with equal postoperative complication rates. We cannot recommend a change in surgical approach based on our results, as the differences between the investigated approaches did not reach minimal clinically important differences. Level of evidence I: a systematic review of all relevant randomized controlled trials.


Contemporarily, the digital improvements as well as transitions have been proposed in various aspects and fields. Among various fields that are undergoing the digital transition, the digital improvement in human resource management is a hot topic, especially in some poor area (e.g., Africa). In this study, the fundamental problems in the human resource management fields of some global enterprises in Africa have been mentioned and discussed. To be specific, this study attempted to take the company BGI as an example to illustrate that the problems could be solved by digital improvement. With this in mind, some practical actions implemented by BGI have been demonstrated and analyzed. According to the analysis, some beneficial references from BGI could be used by other companies in human resource management, which want to develop their Africa business following the same routine. Overall, these results offer a guideline for further exploration of digital improvement for human resource management.


In this paper, we present a derivative free information consensus filter for distributed object tracking using camera network, which is based on the square-root cubature rules for linearization of nonlinear system models, and an novel consensus weighting scheme for faster convergence rate. Compared to the state of the art, our simulation shows that the proposed method can keep the consistence of local filters, and achieve faster convergence rate when only a limited number of consensus iterations is performed.


Introduction The intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) model introduced in 1988 [1] has proven valuable for differentiation of lesions in pancreas [2] and liver [3]. As the fast decaying IVIM component could be identified as blood [4], the work at hand aims to understand the model's diagnostic capabilities by investigating tissue microvasculature using flow compensated (FC) diffusion weighted (DW) MRI. Materials and Methods Sequence: A fully flow compensated single-shot single-refocusing EPI sequence with bipolar (BP) and FC DW gradient schemes (Fig.1) was implemented. By symmetric positioning of the DW gradients with respect to the 180° pulse as proposed in [5] it was possible to reduce the influence of concomitant fields enabling FC DWI with b-values up to 500 s/mm2 and diffusion times T up to 100 ms. At 1.5 T abdominal DW MRI data of 5 healthy volunteers (age 19-31) was measured such that during each expirational breath hold 2 b-values in 6 DW directions and 3 b0 images were acquired (TR=2.1 s, TE=120 ms, BW=2000 Hz/px, matrix 100 x 78, resolution 3.5 mm, 7 slices with 5/1 mm thickness/distance, GRAPPA 2, Siemens Magnetom Avanto). Simulation model: Starting from the IVIM equation [1]: S/S0 = exp(-b∙D)[(1-f)+f∙F], which assumes one tissue and one blood compartment, we further propose to describe the latter, which contributes the perfusion fraction f to the unweighted signal, by the following model: Blood travels with velocity v and changes its direction after a time τ randomly by an angle α. Due to the DW gradients, this motion results in a certain distribution ρ(b,T,α,τ,v) of the particle phases. The signal attenuation of the blood compartment is then F(b,T,α,τ,v)=|<e>|. For numerical evaluation the distribution ρ(b,T,α,τ,v) = v √bT (α,τ/T) was calculated from the normalized (bTv2=1) distribution (α,τ/T), which we determined for the DW schemes shown in Fig.1 by simulating 25∙10 particle paths for each combination of angles α between 0° and 180° and τ/T ranging from 2∙10 to 20. It was assumed that the starting directions of the moving particles are isotropically distributed and that the first directional change occurs randomly between 0 and τ. Results Fig.2 shows the signal attenuation measured in a region of interest in the pancreas (markers) averaged over directions with standard error from inter-individual variations and simulated attenuation curves (lines) using the displayed parameters. Those were optimized with respect to the squared sum of differences to all acquired data points. While f and D can be well determined, it was found that a lot of different sets of microscopic parameters can reproduce the experimentally obtained signal attenuation curves. Values for τ, α and v in Fig.2 should only be considered valid with respect to the order of magnitude. For all suitable configurations we found τ >100 ms and v between 0.6 and 1.2 cm/s, while exact numerical values strongly depended on the choice of α. The model data could predict the large signal decay at low b-values using BP gradients and the trend of increasing signal attenuation with T using FC gradients. We define the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) to be the negative slope of the logarithmic signal decay at small b-values (b <100 s/mm2). It was determined from a linear fit and its dependence on T compared to model derived ADCs for the FC data is shown in Fig.3. A measure D* similar to the pseudo-diffusion coefficient in the IVIM model was defined by D* = (ADC-D)/f and shows strong T-dependence in Fig. 3. Discussion Two results presented in this abstract are particularly novel: The measurement of the time-dependence of a pseudo-diffusion coefficient D* (Fig.3) and of the IVIM signal decay curves (Fig.2) using varying DW gradient profiles. Information about the microvasculature was obtained by relying on a particular model of blood motion. Despite the simplifying assumptions of the used model its universal behavior (data not shown) indicates that some inferred results should hold for real blood flow with high certainty: We found τ >100 ms which implies that a large fraction of the blood volume did not change its flow direction during the experiment and thus can explain separation of the FC curves from the BP curves in Fig.2. The dependence of the FC signal attenuation on the diffusion time T is reproduced by the proposed IVIM model. Regarding the large range of suitable microscopic parameter sets one could conclude that blood flow in the investigated region is diverse in terms of velocities, times and angles between directional changes. We consider flow compensated IVIM experiments to be promising for assessing changes in vasculature and suggest FC DW MRI with dense sampling at low b-values as a promising tool in oncologic imaging. References: [1] D. Le Bihan et al., Radiology 168,2 (1988); [2] M. Klauß et al., Invest Radiol 46,1 (2011); [3] A. Luciani et al., Radiology 249,3 (2008); [4] A. Lemke et al., Magnet Reson Med 64,6 (2010); [5] M.A. Bernstein et al., Magnet Reson Med, 39,2 (1998)


IMPORTANCE Neurochemical studies in human aggression point to a modulatory role for a variety of central neurotransmitters. Some of these neurotransmitters play an inhibitory role, while others play a facilitatory role modulating aggression. Preclinical studies suggest a facilitatory role for inflammatory markers in aggression. Despite this, to our knowledge, no studies of aggression and inflammatory markers have been reported in psychiatric patients or in individuals with recurrent, problematic, impulsive aggressive behavior.


[ A study on the different size groups of prawns caught by four shrimp trawls having different cod-end meshes was made by the author. The results indicate that small sized prawns of mean length 77.15 mm. were captured by the net having 23.38 mm. cod-end at 5-6 fathoms depth, medium prawns of m~an length 105.22 mm.. was caught. in 25.21 mm. and 19.88 m'm. cod-end at 8 fathoms depth and big sized prawns of mean length 117.98 mm. were caught in 21.29 mm. cod-end. Further the relation of length on breadth of prawn is worked out to he :


Analysis of the reproductive performance of Gayo horses and Thoroughbred derivatives breeds in the Gayo highlands is important to determine the strategy for developing Gayo horses in the future. The objective of this research was to compare the reproductive performance of Gayo and Thoroughbred horses in the Gayo Lues Regency. Survey research was applied in order to collect the primary data through direct interviews with horse owners based on questionnaires that have been prepared. A total of 49 horse owners were spread over four selected sub-districts (Blangkejeren, Blangjerango, Dabun Bracelet, and Kuta Panjang District) were involved as this research respondents. Meanwhile, the fourteen villages involved included Bustanussalam Village, Kutelintang, Blangkejeren City, Porang, Java Village, Peparik Dekat, Blangjerango, Penosan, Gegarang, Peparik Gaib, Badak, Rigeb, Rerebe, and Kuta Panjang. These research respondents were obtained by using the purposive sampling method in which the criteria are that the respondents should be breeders who maintain at least 2 mares who have given birth at least 2 times and has experience in raising horses for 4 years. The results revealed that the reproductive performance of Thoroughbred horses in Gayo Lues was better than Gayo horses'. The average age of the first mating of Gayo horses was 46.42±5.04 months, while Thoroughbred horses were 32.53±2.69 months. Furthermore, the gestational period of Gayo horses was 347.53±14.96 days, while the gestational period of Thoroughbred horses was 318.95 ±9.47 days. The average post-partum estrus of Gayo horses was 14.84±0.54 days, while Thoroughbred horses were 12.24±0.39 days. Last, the foaling interval of Gayo horses was 16.50±0.74 months, while the foaling interval of Thoroughbred breeds was 15.50±0.71 months.


Trigeminal neuralgia is a debilitating disease characterized by neuropathic facial pain which significantly impact on the
patient's quality of life and socioeconomic function. For patients with trigeminal neuralgia, Magnetic Resonance Imaging
(MRI) is a routine investigation recommended in recent clinical guidelines but it remains unclear whether its use has any
impact on patient-reported clinical outcomes. Acupuncture as an adjunct therapy has been shown to provide short term
pain relief but its longer-term benefits remain unknown. The aims of the study are to examine whether the use of MRI and/
or adjunct acupuncture is associated with the long-term pain improvement for trigeminal neuralgia patients, and thus to
inform on prognosis of trigeminal neuralgia.
Methods: In this retrospective cohort study using data from routine clinical practice, we included all adult patients diagnosed
with trigeminal neuralgia and managed at the Pain Management Centre, Singapore General Hospital between 2011 and
2017. Patients who have incomplete clinical data or lost to follow up are excluded. Logistic regression model was used to
examine the association between the uses of MRI or adjunct MRI and pain symptom improvement at 6-12 months follow up.
Results: Fifty-three patients were identified and included in this study. Neither the use of MRI nor acupuncture was found
to be significantly associated with pain improvement for patients with trigeminal neuralgia at 6 to 12 months follow up
after the initial diagnosis.
Conclusion: The use of MRI or adjunct acupuncture did not seem to be related to long-term pain improvement for patients
with trigeminal neuralgia and thus has limited prognostic value. These findings would have to be confirmed by further
studies of larger sample size, and ideally with prospective randomized clinical trials.


We describe the in-phase/quadrature covariance-matrix representation of the uncertainty in complex vectors, and transformations between this representation and the magnitude/phase and real/imaginary uncertainty representations.


ABSTRACT A safe and effective technique for underwater anesthesia of green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) was developed to allow fully submerged in-water measurements of auditory evoked potentials (A...


Tests were conducted with ceramic waste form (CWF) materials that contained small amounts of uranium and plutonium to study their release behavior as the CWF corroded. Materials made using the hot isostatic press (HIP) and pressureless consolidation (PC) methods were examined and tested. Four different materials were made using the HIP method with two salts having different U:Pu mole ratios and two zeolite reagents having different residual water contents. Tests with the four HIP U,Pu-loaded CWF materials were conducted at 90 and 120 C, at CWF-to-water mass ratios of 1:10 and 1:20, and for durations between 7 and 365 days. Materials made using two PC processing conditions were also tested. Tests with the two PC U,Pu-loaded CWF materials were conducted at 90 and 120 C, at a CWF-to-water mass ratio of 1:10, and for durations between 7 and 182 days. The releases of matrix elements, U, and Pu in tests conducted under different test conditions and with different materials are compared to evaluate the effects of composition and processing conditions on the release behavior of U and Pu and the chemical durabilities of the different materials. The distributions of released elements among the fractions that were dissolved, in colloidal formmore » in the solution, and fixed to test vessel walls were measured and compared. Characterization of Pu-bearing colloidal particles recovered from the test solutions using solids analysis techniques are also reported. The principal findings from this study are: (1) The release of U and Pu is about 10X less than the release of Si and 50X less than the release of B under all test conditions. This implies that U and Pu are in a phase that is less soluble than the sodalite and binder glass matrix. (2) Almost all of the plutonium that is released from U,Pu-loaded CWF is present either as colloidal-sized particles in the size range between 5 and 100 nm in the test solution (about 15% of the total) or becomes fixed on stainless steel test vessel walls (about 85% of the total). Work is in progress to determine the nature of the material fixed to the steel. (3) The Pu in the colloidal particles is present as the dioxide PuO{sub 2} or a mixed oxide (U,Pu)O{sub 2}. These particles are of dimensions and composition similar to the (U,Pu)O{sub 2} particles that are present as inclusions in the CWF. They are often found associated with larger (100-nm size) aluminosilicate colloids. (4) The degradation behaviors of U,Pu-loaded CWF processed by HIP and PC are the same with regard to the release of Si, U, and Pu. One difference is that B is released faster from the HIP CWF materials than from the PC CWF materials. (5) The presence of U and Pu does not affect the durability of CWF materials.« less


We investigate the dynamics of a system consisting of a Cooper‐pair box and two superconducting transmission line resonators. There exist both linear and nonlinear interactions in such a system. We show that single‐photon entanglement state can be generated in a simple way in the linear interaction regime. In nonlinear interaction regime, we derive the Hamiltonian of degenerate three‐wave mixing and propose a scheme for generating squeezed state of microwave using the three‐wave mixing in solid state circuits. In the following, we design a system for generating squeezed states of nanamechanical resonator.


A 39-year-old man presented with lumbo-sciatica. C-Scan shows an aspect of herniated disc at the L5 level. He underwent emergent laminectomy and a tumor was found and biopsy made. The initial histological diagnosis was malignant lymphoma. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) revealed a lumbar epidural mass at the level of L5 and the sacral vertebrae. The correct diagnosis of epidural lymphoblastic mass and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) was established based on a study of the bone marrow cells. Treatment by chemotherapy has been established. Leukemic mass must be considered in the differential diagnosis of spinal epidural mass, even in patients with ALL.


An account is given of rearing Olethreutes arcuella (Clerck, 1759) from ova. Differences between published descriptions of the larva and those resulting from these ova are noted as well as certain differences in biology.


Executive Overview "An ordinary person who enjoys what he/she is doing is much more productive than a genius who dislikes what he/she is doing." Sang-Chul Lee, Minister of Korea's Ministry of Information and Communication, believes enjoying one's work is more important than the person's skills. In a press conference after his inauguration as minister, he stated that Korea is now no longer just an advanced IT country but a global IT leader. He believes that strengthening the international competitiveness of the Korean IT industry is the foremost task of his ministry. From 2000 to 2001, Sang-Chul Lee was the chief executive officer of KT (Korea Telecom) and previously served as the first CEO of Korea Telecom Freetel, known as KTF, a mobile communication firm. As CEO of KT, he transformed KT from a "dinosaur" public utility firm into a private enterprise by selling off the government share of KT stock in spring 2002. Mr. Lee is an expert in the information/telecommunication area who graduated with a B.S. fro...


This paper considers a downlink wireless system where a multiple-antenna transmitter (Alice) aims to discriminate the reception performances between a legitimate receiver (Bob) and a set of unauthorized receivers (Eves). To this end, there has been great interest in the use of artificial noise (AN) together with transmit beamforming in order to effectively interfere Eves' reception. However, most of the existing works do not optimize the AN but simply allocate it in the left null space of the Alice-to-Bob channel. In the paper, we propose to jointly optimize the beamforming vector and the AN covariance matrix by minimizing the total transmit power subject to a target signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) constraint on Bob and limited SINR constraints on all Eves. While the considered beamforming problem is not convex and may be difficult to solve in general, it can be effectively handled by a convex approximation method called semidefinite program (SDP) relaxation. In addition to showing how SDP relaxation can be applied to this problem, we prove using the KKT optimality that SDP relaxation provides a global optimum solution of the proposed beamforming problem when Alice has perfect information of the channel from Alice to Bob. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed beamforming method.


With the rapid increase of grid-integrated capacity of wind farms, the risk of power system blackouts has increased significantly for the reason that output of wind farms is of fluctuation and uncertainty. The potential of wind farms participating in power system restoration after blackouts has not been adequately excavated. This paper firstly proposes a hybrid black start unit(BSU) containing combustion gas turbine, wind farm and static synchronous compensator(STATCOM), and then gives a three-level control model to achieve comprehensive goals including active-reactive power output control of BSU, and distribution control of active-reactive power for wind farm. A control scheme that allows variable speed wind turbine (VSWT) to participate effectively in system frequency and voltage regulation is also described. An electromagnetic transient model of proposed BSU system is constructed and simulated with PSCAD/EMTDC and the results verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.


e15073 Background: Recent data have shown that cardiotoxicity (CHFcongestive heart failure, CADcoronary artery disease)could be an important side-effect in patients (pts) with RCC treated with tyro...


The principle of "universal conciliation", the core doctrine of the "Divine Religion" conceived under the Timurid ruler of India Jalāl al-Dīn Akbar, has been the subject to a number of historical studies and diverse interpretations. It goes without saying that the prosperous and religiously tolerant Timurid court of India, and its provincial vassalages and autonomous principalities that were not yet incorporated into Mughal Empire, offered luring alternatives to the suffocating conformity in Safavid Iran. The Nuqṭawī flight to Mughal India offered a level of security that made it safe to divulge their true antinomian beliefs. Of the thirty two identified Nuqṭawīs in the Iranian and Perso-Indian sources a majority of them are categorized as poets, artists, philosophers, physicians or simply as wandering dervishes. At the height of the movement in the late 16th century one can detect a number of influential Nuqṭawīs figures in the court of Akbar. Keywords: Jalāl al-Dīn Akbar; Mughal India; Persian Nuqṭawīs; Timurid ruler; universal conciliation


Oral contraceptives have been found to be the most effective method of avoiding pregnancy. Mortality related to oral contraceptives is 3 per 100000; in the United States mortality from pregnancy is 28 per 100000. There is danger of thromboembolic disease with these drugs but no increased risk of cancer. The intrauterine device (IUD) is the next most effective method but there are risks of perforation of the uterus and protection is not as good. Other methods are less effective. The mode of action of oral contraceptives is given. Combined preparations now in use contain both estrogen and progestogen but the major effect is progestational. In the sequential group all the first 14 or 16 tablets contain an estrogen-like hormone and the last 5 or 6 a combination of an estrogen-like and a progesterone-like hormone. Alternation of these 2 types of tablets on a yearly schedule is recommended in treating patients. The 2 methods are almost equally effective. Missing a sequential pill may require use of additional contraceptive method until the next period. Side effects have decreased with decreased dosages in the pills. Hyperplastic changes in the cervix which may be caused by progestogens are reversible. Existing endometrial cancer has been favorably influenced by progestogens. Thromboembolic disease is the most frequent cause of mortality from oral contraceptives. Low estrogen dosage (.075 mg daily or less) is recommended to reduce this risk. Progestogen (1 mg or less daily) is also a good therapy. A diuretic taken 3 or 4 days before regularly recurring headaches may prevent their occurrence. Hirsutism may be avoided by not prescribing the norethindrone group of drugs which have androgenic action. Facial pigmentation may be caused by progestogens. Breakthrough bleeding can usually be corrected by change in preparation. Breast soreness may be relieved by change to a sequential type tablet. Nausea is frequent but with present dosage is a minor factor. These preparations are considered safe and natural hormones to be used by women.


In Indonesia, fly ash is mainly produced from a coal-fired power plant. A 500 MW power plant can produce 500 metric tons of fly ash. Fly ash can be treated to be a cutting-edge technology for reducing carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and hydrogen sulphide. This paper describes the literature study on optimizing fly ash to capture CO 2 in natural gas treatment. Fly ash is a fine powder collected in coal-fired power plant from the combustion gases with an Electrostatic Precipitator and/or bag houses. Under a microscope it looks like tiny solidified bubbles of various sizes around 10µm but can vary from <1µm to over 150µm. The surface area and pore volume of fly ash could be increased by immersing them in an amine solution of the desired amine compound to introduce chemical adsorption sites towards CO 2 capture The mixed amine-fly ash composite shows advantages, such as thermal stability, lower cost of based material, less or no corrosion, high sensitivity with CO 2 , and high surface area. adsorption efficiency can meet industrial needs. With this implementation, it can increase work productivity within the workforce in the industry by updating the current technology.


SUMMARY We consider a variation of the competing risks problem in which a terminal event censors a non-terminal event, but not vice versa. The joint distribution of the events is formulated via a gamma frailty model in the upper wedge where data are observable (Day et al., 1997), with the marginal distributions unspecified. An estimator for the association parameter is obtained from a concordance estimating function. A novel plug-in estimator for the marginal distribution of the non-terminal event is shown to be uniformly consistent and to converge weakly to a Gaussian process. The assumptions on the joint distribution outside the upper wedge are weaker than those usually made in competing risks analyses. Simulations demonstrate that the methods work well with practical sample sizes. The proposals are illustrated with data on morbidity and mortality in leukaemia patients.


We developed a process monitoring system that calculates the effective dose and focus of device wafers using an overlay metrology tool. The effective dose is monitored by measuring the overall width of the fine line-and-space (LS) patterns, the duty ratio of which gradually changes. The effective focus is monitored by measuring the line-end-shortening of the printed line patterns. We used newly designed focus-monitor marks along with conventional LS marks for line-end-shortening. The new marks, which can be measured as an overlay, showed better reproducibility than conventional marks. We calculated the focus shifts caused by variations in the layer structure of device wafers by measuring shots that had been intentionally defocused. Using the defocused shots, we were able to improve the accuracy of our focus-shift calculations. The focus monitor displayed various properties depending on the measurement methods, the design of the marks, and device-layer conditions. Therefore, the mark design must be optimized to each device layer. We demonstrated the accuracy of this monitoring system by applying it to the various layers in a 65-nm-node Cu/low-k interconnect process.


The present invention provides an injection fitting can be mounted to the container. The injection fitting having: a sealing member which can be in close contact with the open end of the printed material supply port on the container; a receiving member receiving said seal member; injector body, which is provided to penetrate the sealing member and the said receiving member has a top end portion, and a tip portion via said suction of the interior of the cartridge receiving chamber of the printed material.


Streaming media applications have become the important components in multimedia communications. Typically, these applications require real-time data delivery in order to provide continuous playback with good visual quality. However, the real-time constraints may not be explicitly guaranteed when the streaming media is delivered over networks exhibiting time varying behavior. Streaming systems are designed to maximize the playback quality in the presence of various channel conditions. This research includes studies of different components of a streaming system, and proposes several algorithms to improve the streaming performances.
The first part of this thesis considers the transport of scalable streaming media over best-effort networks (e.g., today's Internet) and proposes a scheduling algorithm for packet delivery. The proposed algorithm first determines the importance values of all packets in the transmission buffer, based on the packet contents, channel conditions and client feedbacks. Then the algorithm guides the media server to transmit more important data packets earlier than others, and therefore improves the client playback quality.
The second part focuses on video caching, and shows that the streaming performance can be improved even when only part of the video object is cached in the proxy. Two video caching algorithms are proposed to store selected frames of the video in the proxy, under the constraints of cache space and decoder buffer size. The first caching algorithm aims at reducing the cost for channel bandwidth reservation in QoS networks; while the second one is designed for best-effort networks, with the goal to improve the robustness of continuous playback against poor channel conditions (e.g., packet delay and loss).
The last part of this thesis addresses the video compression problem combined with the disk storage strategies for video servers. Video disk storage algorithms aim at improving the video server throughput by placing the video data blocks in a special order (therefore reducing the disk seek time). We translate the specified disk placement algorithm into rate constraints for video compression, and propose a rate-distortion based compression algorithm to improve the video quality, while maximizing the advantage achieved with the disk placement strategies.


A Wurtz-type reductive coupling reaction of dichlorophenyl-α-naphthylsilane was carried out in a mixture of toluene and o-xylene in the presence of sodium and a catalytic amount of mercury; α,ω-dichlorophenyl-α-naphthylsilylenes of various degrees of polymerization were obtained. Through the hydrolysis of α,ω-dichlorophenyl-α-naphthylsilylenes, corresponding dihydroxy compounds were obtained. The heterofunctional polycondensation of α,ω-dihydroxyphenyl-α-naphthylsilylenes with α,ω-dichlorodimethylsilylenes was performed both without amines and in the presence of amines. Heterofunctional polycondensation without amines did not proceed with the formation of high molecular weight compounds because the cleavage of both SiSi and SiOSi bonds took place during condensation. In the presence of amines, polysilylene–silylene copolymers were obtained. The synthesized copolymers were investigated with gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, roentgenography, and thermogravimetry. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 1047–1056, 2002


This chapter aims to illustrate that the original meaning of the human presence within the sanctuary was to generate a moment in which liturgical gestures develop into a genuine machinery of salvation. Such machinery was supposed to lead to salvation by attempting to prompt God's gracious condescension and salvific agency. The community considers salvation coming through liturgical acts and desires to be, or conceives itself to be, serving together with the angels. The mystery of the sacrificial manifestation of the Logos in history is accomplished through his coming to earth. In sanctum Pascha begins with the description of the manifestation of the Logos as a heavenly light present in the whole universe. An inquiry of the relevant background of the Christian liturgical soteriological vision has to begin with the Temple in Jerusalem, most plausibly the framework which generated the concept of a liturgical soteriology with its essential elements.Keywords: God; Jerusalem; liturgical soteriology; sanctum Pascha


The Financial Operations and Pre-Bankruptcy Settlement Act of 2012 (ZFPPN) has introduced into Croatian law "a special compensation for the creditor's recovery costs incurred due to debtor's late payment in commercial transactions", as a new legal consequence of late payment. The statutory amount of this lump sum compensation for recovery costs is prescribed in the Art. 13 (1) of the ZFPPN, which provides that the creditor of a monetary obligation is entitled to a lump sum compensation in Croatian kunas in the amount equivalent of 40 €. The paper discusses the permissibility of a contract term setting out an amount of compensation different than the one prescribed by the Art. 13 (1) of the ZFPPN, and the relationship between the creditor's claim for payment of the lump sum compensation and his claim for compensation of damages incurred due to the debtor's late payment.


The purpose of this study is to examine some of the main reasons for successor from family businesses who do not want to continue their family business. This study uses qualitative methods using the approach of in-depth interviews with respondents. The research respondents were fresh graduates who did not want to continue the family business that had been initiated by a large family of respondents. The findings in this study prove that respondents prefer to avoid conflicts with relatives or the absence of succession in family business. Career opportunities from other companies are another factor in making decisions to leave the family business.


This paper documents the condition-based maintenance (CBM) of power transformers, the analysis of which relies on two basic data groups: structured (e.g., numeric and categorical) and unstructured (e.g., natural language text narratives) which accounts for 80% of data required. However, unstructured data comprised of malfunction inspection reports, as recorded by operation and maintenance of the power grid, constitutes an abundant untapped source of power insights. This paper proposes a method for malfunction inspection report processing by deep learning, which combines the text data mining–oriented recurrent neural networks (RNN) with long short-term memory (LSTM). In this paper, the effectiveness of the RNN-LSTM network for modeling inspection data is established with a straightforward training strategy in which we replicate targets at each sequence step. Then, the corresponding fault labels are given in datasets, in order to calculate the accuracy of fault classification by comparison with the original data labels and output samples. Experimental results can reflect how key parameters may be selected in the configuration of the key variables to achieve optimal results. The accuracy of the fault recognition demonstrates that the method we proposed can provide a more effective way for grid inspection personnel to deal with unstructured data.


Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common gastrointestinal tract (GI) mesenchymal tumors (Mazur and Clark 1983; Howe, Karnell et al. 2001), accounting for ~13% of all malignant neoplasms in this location. Most GISTs are sporadic, but there are hereditary forms, including some families with germline KIT and PDGFRA gene mutations. GIST diagnosis must be confirmed by immunohistochemistry of tumors, and integrated with other clinical and morphological features. GISTs usually express CD117 (95%) and CD34 (70%). Biological behavior is uncertain and classification (including largest size, mitotic rate and GI site) in risk categories is useful for predicting clinical behavior of GISTs. Other parameters have been described as prognostic of GISTs, including RKIP expression (Martinho, Gouveia et al. 2009). These tumors are characterized by oncogene mutations in KIT (up to ~85%) or PDGFRA (5-8%) receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) genes (Heinrich, Corless et al. 2003; Corless and Heinrich 2008; Gomes, Gouveia et al. 2008; Hoeben, Schoffski et al. 2008; Gajiwala, Wu et al. 2009; Liegl-Atzwanger, Fletcher et al. 2010), and rarely BRAF (Agaram, Wong et al. 2008; Agaimy, Terracciano et al. 2009; Martinho, Gouveia et al. 2009; Hostein, Faur et al. 2010); 10-15% does not harbor any of the aforementioned gene mutations: so called wild-type GISTs. KIT/ PDGFR mutations in GISTs are biodiversity markers, tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targets, predictive markers of TKI response, prognostic markers of tumor recurrence/progression, and frequent cause of TKI resistance. Thus, good clinical practice in bio-therapeutic decision of GIST patients should include mutational analysis status of the tumors. Most importantly, complete surgical resection, without lymph node dissection, is considered standard treatment for primary localized GISTs (without peritoneal dissemination or metastatic disease), and is the only potential curative treatment for patients harboring these tumors.


The presentation will present results from Europe-wide surveys of head teachers and classroom teachers in 27 countries in 2006. The surveys find that computers and the Internet have arrived in European schools and are widely used in class in most countries. A strong increase in ICT use took place over the past 5 years and schools have moved over to broadband. The first measurement available for the New Member States also shows encouraging signs.


The work is devoted to the evaluation of the level of knowledge of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who have already had chronic complications. The bachelor thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. In the theoretical part a suitable selection of available literature related to the given topic was used. The theoretical part characterizes diabetes mellitus in general and then type 2 diabetes- its definition, classification, diagnosis and clinical picture, treatment, education, chronic complications associated with this disease. The practical part deals with the evaluation of the level of knowledge of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus about this disease. Knowledge of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was investigated using their own questionnaire according to set goals and research questions.


ABSTRACT This research article implemented a new technique for a direct ac to ac power conversion in a three-phase quasi Z-source direct matrix converter (QZSDMC). The QZSDMC is designed by connecting a quasi Z-source impedance network in series with a normal direct matrix converter. In this system, three-phase fixed voltage and supply frequency has been received from the source, whereas the variable ac voltage and frequency are fed to the stand-alone system. The bidirectional operation capability of QZSDMC provides buck-boost action with a minimum number of control switches. Here, the voltage transferring capability is controlled by its shoot-through duty ratio value. Due to the direct duty ratio pulse width modulation technique (without harmonics injection) in QZSDMC, the output voltage is doubled along with variable frequency. However, the discussion is limited here because this technique is used for an odd number of output phases. The increased output voltage from 100 V to 245 V with a minimum amount of harmonics distortions has been observed using MATLAB simulation and the same is experimentally validated. In addition to this, the converter having the capabilities of converting a fixed frequency of 50 Hz into variable frequencies like 25 Hz, 75 Hz and 100 Hz.


In the article, we have considered the economicmathematical model of selection of projects targeted programs on the example of the Russian Federation. The article also defines criteria of their distribution. We have proposed the parallel algorithm with the guaranteed estimates of the allocation ofgraph


This paper introduces the actuality of using urban underground space in China and relevant problems of urban underground space usufruct, studies of related experience both at home and abroad. At last, the author expresses his attitudes about how to apply (underground) space usufruct.


Three different kinds of C60 alkanethiols have been prepared by changing systematically the linking positions, ortho, meta, and para, at a phenyl group on a pyrolidine ring fused to the C60 moiety. Electrochemical measurements showed that well-ordered structures are formed in self-assembled monolayers of these C60 alkanethiols on gold electrodes. Photoelectrochemical studies were carried out using gold electrodes modified with self-assembled monolayers of the C60. A stable anodic photocurrent was observed in the presence of an electron sacrificer when the modified gold electrode was illuminated with a monochromic light. Dependence of the photocurrents on the applied potential together with the agreement of the action spectra with the absorption spectra support the following photocurrent generation mechanism:  the generation of a vectorial electron flow from the electron sacrificer to the gold electrode via the excited triplet state of the C60. The quantum yields vary from 7.5% to 9.8%, depending on the li...


C/Ti3C2/g-C3N4 hollow microspheres (HM) were prepared by the template method to construct Ti3C2/g-C3N4 Schottky junctions on the spherical surface. The C/Ti3C2/g-C3N4 HM Schottky junctions presented excellent photocatalytic properties for producing...


Spinal cord injuries are traumatic incidents which lead to serious clinical consequences and affect the lives of individuals and their families. Despite all medical and surgical advances, optimal treatment still remains a serious clinical problem. It is mostly not possible to prevent the primary injury arising from trauma exposure in spite of all measures taken. However, some biochemical events developing in spinal cord following the primary injury cause more damage to the cord. This process also defined as the secondary injury increases the importance of emergency department approach to patients with acute spinal trauma. Emergency department practices in spinal cord injuries are extremely important in terms of both primary care and prevention of complications. J. Exp. Clin. Med., 2013; 30:285-289