PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high-performance electrochromic (EC) device having improved color developing and erasing property and responsiveness without decreasing optical performance such as transmittance and haze and peeling strength.SOLUTION: An electrochromic device is provided, which includes: a first electrode layer 12 formed on a first substrate 11; an EC layer 13; a second electrode layer 15 formed on the surface of the second substrate 16 facing the first substrate 11 on the side of the first substrate 11; and an electrolyte layer 14 that is formed between the EC layer 13 and the second electrode layer 15 and is curable by at least UV rays. The device has a first extraction electrode 21 and a second extraction electrode 22 electrically connecting the first electrode layer 12 and the second electrode layer 15 to a power supply, respectively, and having regions in at least a part thereof, where UV rays are not transmitted. The regions where UV rays are not transmitted in the first extraction electrode 21 and the second extraction electrode 22 are disposed not overlapping each other.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1


This paper referred to the 13 aesthetic measures in the interface layout proposed by the NGO, and put forward the idea of applying the two-dimensional plane evaluation method to the element layout 2.5D graphic. The research first elected the 2.5D graphic in 11 existing web pages as the samples, and extracts two-dimensional layout diagram of these samples. Then the beauty index calculation of the samples layout data found that the 13 aesthetic measures all have significant characteristics. In the experimental part, this study chose to take the measure of balance in the aesthetic measures as an example. By analyzing the numerical setting of the calculation formula, we designed 16 experimental samples and recruited subjects for subjective evaluation. Finally, the standardized data is fitted with manual evaluation results. The experimental results show a certain similarity with the previous sample data calculations, which proves the applicability of this evaluation method.


Abstract The aim of the present study is to identify the factors that propel tourism industry to opt for digitalization and establish a hierarchical relationship among them. The paper further seeks to address how digitalization impacts various stakeholders in tourism industry. Also, various challenges that are arising in course of digitalization in tourism industry are identified and suggestions have been made to resolve these issues. The study makes use of interpretive structural modelling (ISM) to develop a strategic framework related to digitalization in the industry. MICMAC (cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification) analysis is used to identify the nature of the factors identified in the framework developed. The results of strategy adopted conclude that customer demand for digitalization, growing essence of sharing economy and presence of social media are important contributors to the enhancement of digitalization in tourism industry. The study highlights the implications for the strategy makers as the outputs from ISM di-graph will allow them to identify and focus more on factors driving the digitalization system and address the various shortcomings in the process effectively.


This chapter aims to examine the costs and delays in accessing justice in Ghana and Sierra Leone. It is argued that despite the promising and legal history of Ghana and Sierra Leone, with existing court structures and legal procedures on civil and criminal matters, the legal spaces of both countries are fraught with costs and delays in accessing justice. The authors used secondary data from the World Bank, Afrobarometer Report, statutes, court documents, website articles, etc. to underpin the write-up. It was found that citizens in both countries were confronted with delays and costs in accessing justice. It is recommended that in an era of cell phones and various apps, the justice sector should endeavour to go hi-tech by sending alerts to litigants, lawyers, and witnesses warranting their presence at an appointed date and time.


Currency stability and inflation prevention have mainly been regarded as technical issues solved only by making the optimal or suboptimal choice under existent institutional framework.The frequent outbreaks of monetary crises show that it is necessary to reexamine and consider the monetary system.Money has the nature of social contract because of collective intention,and the common consent to currency collects trading parties' general trust in currency stability.The analysis from the ought-to-be angle indicates that currency stability is the quality requirement of currency.Under credit monetary system,if monetary authority is not restricted,the money will be deprived of nature and currency stability will not be guaranteed.To curb inflation effectively,we should confirm the fundamental status of money from the metarule angle,establish fundamental institutional framework by monetary constitution,restrict government intervention in money,curb government policy ability to cause inflation,prevent enormous damage caused by monetary marketization,maintain currency stability and achieve the purpose of serving human beings.


Abstract The municipal solid waste in China is increasing at an unprecedented pace due to the upgrading urbanization and improving living standard. The waste-to-energy (WTE) incineration technology offers a viable and potentially profitable technical solution to this booming phenomenon. The highly complex and systematic nature of WTE technologies have led to the emergence of WTE innovation network in the past decade. This study applies complex network theory as well as social network analysis to investigate the social network structure evolution of WTE technologies in terms of global network properties, major actors' centrality and collaboration relationships. Based on the data-set covering joint filing patents pertaining to waste heat over the period 2006–2015, this study finds that the overall WTE innovation network exhibits the properties of scale-free network with minority organizations linking to abundant organizations. A large fraction of major actors represent the first-movers in the WTE research and still control the technological trajectories. The collaboration relationships have moved toward higher level of multidisciplinary and larger technological distance. Overall, the evolution of WTE innovation network features a young state of industry with high regime dependence. Finally, some suggestions are proposed to shed light on benign development of WTE innovation network.


The coupling of forward and backward propagating waves is studied theoretically in the transition region between superfluorescence (SF) and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE). To accomplish this a computer code has been written that solves Maxwell's equations in time and two spatial dimensions and accounts for counter-propagation, diffraction, and temporal coherence in the Bloch equations. Diffraction is ignored in the present calculations. In the SF regime the coupling is generally weak, as found by others; however, I have found a randomly occurring shot-to-shot coupling that is quite significant in cases where one wave, forward or backward, becomes established from quantum noise first in the amplified rod. In this case the wave that arises second is strongly coupled to the first. In the ASE regime the propagation shows strong forward-backward coupling and the characteristic spatial profile of the inversion that tends to zero at either end and to the small signal value of one in the middle of the amplifier. In the transion region the propagation shows mixed SF and ASE behavior.


Purpose. the purposes of this study were: (a) to compare the sensation of pleasure, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and pain in different volumes (volitional failure [VF] vs. fixed repetitions [FR]), equalizing the intensity; and (b) to compare the sensation of pleasure, RPE, and pain in different intensities (40%, 60%, and 80%) of one-repetition maximum (1RM), with equalization of training volume. Methods. A total of 12 trained men (aged 24.9 ± 4.3 years) performed 3 sets of seated row, leg press 180°, and chest press at 3 different intensities (40%, 60%, and 80% 1RM) for both training strategies (VF vs. FR). Results. there was a decrease in pleasure and an increase in RPE and pain in VF training sessions at intensities of 40% and 60% 1RM compared with FR. However, no difference was observed for the intensity of 80% 1RM for pleasure. A doseresponse effect was revealed in the comparison of intensities for pain and RPE. In turn, no effect was found for pleasure. Conclusions. VF training sessions decreased responses regarding pleasure, as well as increased RPE and perceived pain for the intensities of 40% and 60% 1RM when compared with the same intensity in FR among trained men. Different intensities were not able to change the sensation of pleasure.


In this work, we used a state-of-the-art convolutional neural network architecture for automatic detection of available rooftop surfaces on aerial images. We labelled data and tuned on multiple hyperparameters. Our best-tuned model has a F1-score of 0.77 and an intersection-over-union (IoU) of 0.62 on an unprocessed dataset, where many images might exhibit no available area.


A novel method for wavelength stabilisation in an uncooled laser transmitter is demonstrated using a tunable distributed Bragg reflector laser. Wavelength control to within 0.6 nm facilitates order of magnitude channel spacing reduction for CWDM systems.


The first part of the analytical review presents an introduction to automatic control systems (ACS) for the adaptive optical systems (AOS) and control of tip-tilt correctors to eliminate a laser beam jitter. Considers a composition and a purpose of the AOS basic components. Also gives the AOS schemes to be used to form the sharper object images and focus radiation on a target when propagating a laser beam in a turbulent atmosphere. Briefly discusses the general issues of the AOS control, namely single-channel and multichannel linear control, bandwidth limitations of the control system, and possible signal paths in ACS of AOS. The article in-detail describes a path of the harmonic signal through the units of the feedback control loop as applied to the plane mirror of a two-channel corrector of the wave front tip-tilt. Provides guidelines to select the minimum quantization time for a propagating digital signal. Considers the certain problems of constructing ACS to be applied to AOS of the on-board laser installations. A simulated installation model where light passes through a turbulent atmosphere allowed us to develop a linear quadratic Gaussian controller (LQG-controller). Using this controller the optimal control (i.e. minimizing the dispersion of the output signal measured) with good robustness of the tip-tilt corrector is carried out. The concluding part of the review presents the certain research results of the AOS control when compensating the laser radiation wave front perturbations caused both by an aero-optical problem, arising when radiation propagates near the walls of an aircraft and by an atmospheric turbulence of free airflow. The influence of a small time delay (within one sampling step), when transmitting a control signal, on the control system operability was under special consideration.


Objective To test toxicities of several insecticides on susceptible strains of Musca domestica and Blattella germanica in the laboratory. Methods Topical application. Results The abamectin showed the strongest toxicity to Musca domestica and LD50 was 0.004 μg/♀, which were 3.0, 3.5, 13.8, 30.0 and 40.0 fold of it for the fipronil, cypermethrin, spinosad, indoxacarb and chlorfenapyr respectively. The most toxic insecticide to Blattella germanica was fipronil and LD50 was 0.004 μg/♂, which was 1.3, 2.3, 30.0, 102.5 and 692.5 fold of it for the fipronil, cypermethrin, spinosad, chlorfenapyr and indoxacarb respectively. Conclusion These insecticides showed great effect on controlling Musca domestica and Blattella germanica.


Previous studies indicate that families construct daily routines that enable the household to function smoothly and promote family quality of life. However, we know little about how activities are distributed between parents caring for a child with an intellectual disability (ID), particularly in Latino families. To address this gap, we interviewed 145 Latino and non-Latino mothers of children with ID about the division of daily activities. Mothers engaged in far more activities than did their spouses/partners, particularly in lower income households. Cluster analysis was used to reveal patterns of activity distribution. Cluster membership was associated with family income but not ethnicity. Controlling for family income, mothers were more satisfied with their own lives and rated their families as having a better quality of life when activities were more equally distributed, particularly when spouses/partners were knowledgeable about their child's disability. Implications for increasing paternal engagement are discussed.


Zhou Gucheng concerns himself with Chinas modernization from the period of the War of Resistence Against Japan. He points out emphatically that the Industrial Rerolution is a key issue of Chinas modernization. The Industrial Revolution is a key issue of Chinas modernization. The Industrial Revolution of modern China proceeds with difficulties and reverses due to the invasion of the western colonicalist powers. The improvement of social organizations, the education of qualified persons and the change of ideology are the factors essential to realizing the moderaization. In addition, improving the national quality and raising the funds are also the important issues in order to realize the moderization.


In this paper, we study the connectivity probability of linear multi-hop ad hoc networks operating in an interference-limited environment. The nodes in the network are assumed to form a Poisson point process (PPP), and they generate mutual interference during communications. A node communicates to other nodes in the network by using its intermediate neighbors as relays. The average node density plays a crucial role on the communication quality. A higher node density means shorter transmission distance for each hop, but also a stronger interference from surrounding nodes. We characterize this tradeoff relationship by deriving the analytical probability that all nodes in a finite section of the network are connected, that is, the signal-to-interference ratios (SIRs) of all adjacent node pairs in the finite network section are no less than a threshold. The connectivity probability is expressed as an explicit closed-form function of various system parameters, such as average node density, the length of the network section, pathlosss exponent, and the SIR threshold. It is shown through theoretical analysis that the connectivity probability is a quasi-concave function of the node density, and the optimum node density that can maximize the connectivity probability is identified.


In most states, a seller of real property has an affirmative obligation to make disclosures to the buyer concerning the condition of the property being sold. In general, a seller must disclose any defect that is known to the seller, not observable to the prospective buyer, and materially affects the value of the property. The vast majority of cases involving a seller's disclosure duty concern "on-site conditions" or defects located within the boundaries of the property being sold, such as a leaky roof or a cracked foundation. This article discusses the unresolved issue of whether the seller must also disclose "off-site" conditions or defects outside the confines of the property. Examples of such conditions are neighborhood noise, proposed construction in the area, or a nearby toxic dump. The article explores the many differing judicial and statutory approaches to this issue. It evaluates these approaches and analyzes the underlying policies that should be considered. It concludes that the costs of requiring disclosure of off-site conditions are too high to warrant the problems associated with such a rule. It proposes instead that a bright-line rule of no disclosure should be imposed. Such a bright-line rule would provide predictability, promote judicial economy and efficiency, and not compromise fairness.


Cereal aphid Sitobion avenae Fab. resistance on three winter wheat cultivars (Astron,Batis and Xanthos,come from Germany) that has introduced into China had been investigated in lab and field,The control winter wheat cultivars are Xiaoyan-22 (it's a distant related cross-pollinated variety,come from China) and Amgio (come from American).The resistant level of Astron and Xanthos as same as Amigo and xiaoyan-22 when we were evaluated by the biological performance:different weight between first larvae and adult (dW),development time (DT),mean relative growth rate (MRGR) and fecundity (F) in the laboratory,they are better than Batis;The result of aphid resistance in field as same as the result in lab on the whole when we evaluated by the number of aphids dynamic curve and susceptivity index on plant different growing phase among different winter wheat.It's show,the aphid resistance level of Astron and Xanthos as same as the resistant winter wheat cultivars Xiaoyan-22 and Amigo,there are good aphid resistance levels in China R.P.also,it could be regard as aphid resistance breeding material.


One of Lampung (Sumatra, Indonesia) sub-ethnic groups, the Pubian Lampung people, has unique and varied terms of address equipped with a set of rules to use them. However, despite the great importance of the terms of address of the Pubian dialect of the Lampung language as assets of local and national cultures that need attention, protection and development, few researchers have studied this issue. Hence, this study was aimed at investigating the terms of address used in the Pubian Lampung language. This study, which provides a descriptive analysis of the entire system of terms of address, was conducted through a qualitative approach in which the data were collected through observations and interviews. The results of this study show that the terms of address of the Pubian Lampung language include: 1. kinship terms of address based on blood relation and marriage; 2. non-kinship terms of address used to address conversation partners from the same ethnicity, newly-known/unknown conversation partners from the same ethnicity, known conversation partners from the same ethnicity, conversation partners of different ethnicities, newly-known or unknown conversation partners of different ethnicities, known conversation partners of different ethnicities; 3. terms of address based on family background which include religious, ordinary (non-noble), noble families; 4. terms of endearment; 5. terms of reference; 6. terms of address based on birth order; 7. customary title terms of address based on customary status/rank and marriage; 8. pronouns of address; 9. terms of address of proper names; and 10. religious terms of address. Finally, the implications and limitations of this study with some suggestions for future research are discussed.


It is shown that the positive first-order theory of an HNN-extension G = 〈H, t; tat = φ(a)(a ∈ A)〉 can be reduced to the existential firstorder theory of G provided that A and B are proper subgroups of the base group H with A∩B finite. For an amalgamated free product G = H ∗A J , we show that the positive first-order theory of G can be reduced to the existential first-order theory of G in case A is finite.


Aim To identify a serum microRNA(miRNA) expression profile that can serve as a novel diagnostic biomarker for myocardial bridging(MB) detection.Methods Serum samples were taken from 100 MB patients and 50 controls.An initial screening of miRNA expression by microarray was performed using serum samples pooled from 20 MB patients and 10 controls,respectively.Differential expression was validated using hydrolysis probe-based stem-loop quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR) in individual samples.Results The microarray results demonstrated that 21 serum miRNAs were markedly different in the MB patients compared with the controls.The RT-qPCR analysis further identified a profile of four serum miRNAs(miR-92a,miR-487a,miR-29b and miR-126) as a biomarker for MB detection.The areas under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve of this four-serum miRNAs were 0.998,0.956,0.719 and 0.986 respectively,and using the optimal cutoff value,we obtained the following sensitivity and specificity values to detect MB: 97% and 100%,97% and 100%,45.5% and 100%,87.9% and 100% respectively.Conclusions We identified four serum miRNAs signature for MB diagnosis by genome-wide serum miRNA expression profiling.Expression levels of this serum miRNA may be a novel biomarker for early detection of MB in human.


This work focuses on the operation of the bandwidth broker, an entity that is responsible for managing the bandwidth within a network domain and for the communication with bandwidth brokers of neighboring domains. A very important aspect of the bandwidth broker is its admission control module that determines whether the bandwidth reservation requests are going to be accepted or not. We summarize the status of the current research in this field and propose architecture for the admission control module that aims at achieving a satisfactory balance between maximizing the resource utilization for the network provider and minimizing the overhead of the module. This is achieved by gathering and examining sets of book-ahead requests and by adapting the size of the set to be examined so that the network utilization and the computation overhead are appropriately balanced.


Objective: To observe the changes in serum calcium and zinc during the orthodontical teeth movement after application of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bung.Method: Thirty rats,weighting(250±10)g,were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group.Orthodontical devices were put between upper incisor teeth and dens molaris,and the corrective force was controlled at 60g,Every rat of the experimental group was injected with 0.1ml Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bung every day,the same dose of physiological saline was injected in the control group.We took 1ml of blood sample before correction and at days 7,14 and 21,and measured the content of calcium and zinc.Result: The content of serum calcium of the experimental and control group increased on day 7,especially in the experiment group;on day 14,the content of serum calcium restored to normal level;on day 21,the content of serum calcium decreased in both groups,especially in the experimental group.The content of serum zinc of control group was lower all the time,but the content of serum zinc of the experimental group decreased only on day 14.Conclusions: Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bung can accelerate the movement of orthodontical teeth,alleviate the periodontal tissue injury in the corrective process,enhance the repaired ability of the periodontal tissue.


Today, it should answer a lot of questions and solution of complex problems on the way of the fourth phase of the Internet, which is called the Internet of Everything (IoE). In addition to the processing of large data, their generation, security question, etc., there is a question about providing high performance and required quality of service. By increasing the number of network connection and big data generation, increase the probability of congestion in the network. This work proposes the method which dealing with congestion and considers impulse variation characteristics of network traffics. The proposed method can be used to regulate the incoming traffic and avoid excessive traffic variation. Thus it possible to avoid filling the buffer of intermediate devices and reduces the number of losing packets. To overcome the major problem of traditional protocols in a computer network Proportional-Integral-plus-Derivative (PID) is used. PID controller is adopted, to the discouragement of transition rate by queue window marginsto prevent any rapidly drop down in it. Using the controller enables the ability to regulate a number of expected packets in the queue and based thereon take appropriate solution. It should be noted that proposed mechanism is triggered after the first network congestion.At the end, MATLABsimulator used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution.


When the space shuttle Endeavor rockets into orbit on December 2, 1993, NASA will begin the last phase of a three part program to recover from the disappointing beginnings of Hubble Space Telescope operations. The problem with the telescope was detected shortly after launch in April of 1990 and in June of that year NASA concluded that the primary mirror of the telescope had been manufactured with the wrong figure. NASA immediately began a detailed investigation to determine exactly what went wrong. Next, NASA and the HST community began a multi-effort program to maximize and improve the science produced by the telescope in its aberrated condition. Finally, plans were developed to repair the telescope's problems in orbit and to restore the observatory's full scientific potential. Much has been written about the failure to detect this flaw before launch. The impression of many outside the program is that Hubble is a complete failure. Far less has been written of the impressive efforts and successes as the recovery from this disappointing start evolved.


We study the link between elections, fiscal policy and economic growth. The set-up is a general equilibrium model of endogenous growth and optimal fiscal policy, in which two political parties can alternate in power. The party in power chooses jointly how much to tax and how to allocate its total expenditure between productive and non-productive activities. The main prediction is that as the probability of re-election falls, forward-looking governments find it optimal to follow relatively shortsighted fiscal policies, and that this is bad for private investment and economic growth. This prediction is tested by using government popularity data for the UK, and data on the duration of governments for 20 parliamentary democracies. The results are consistent with the theory.


ABSTRACT A standard method for solving coupled multiphysics problems in light water reactors is Picard iteration, which sequentially alternates between solving single physics applications. This solution approach is appealing due to simplicity of implementation and the ability to leverage existing software packages to accurately solve single physics applications. However, there are several drawbacks in the convergence behavior of this method; namely slow convergence and the necessity of heuristically chosen damping factors to achieve convergence in many cases. Anderson acceleration is a method that has been seen to be more robust and fast converging than Picard iteration for many problems, without significantly higher cost per iteration or complexity of implementation, though its effectiveness in the context of multiphysics coupling is not well explored. In this work, we develop a one-dimensional model simulating the coupling between the neutron distribution and fuel and coolant properties in a single fuel pin. We show that this model generally captures the convergence issues noted in Picard iterations which couple high-fidelity physics codes. We then use this model to gauge potential improvements with regard to rate of convergence and robustness from utilizing Anderson acceleration as an alternative to Picard iteration.


Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common but frequently undetected and undertreated condition among older adults. Untreated PAD and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk fac- tors results in functional impairment, poor quality of life and increased risk for cardiovascu- lar disease morbidity and mortality. The increased risk for CVD events associated with PAD necessitates raising public awareness of PAD and the potential impact on health, and plac- ing greater emphasis by providers on detection and management of PAD to maximize sur- vival and life quality. This article briefly describes the detection and medical management of PAD, with greater emphasis on lifestyle modification among older adults with PAD.


This study aims to apply the taguchi concept in improving the quality of rice. Quality is the level of good or bad level or degree of an object and living thing. While the taguchi concept is an experiment that allows steps taken by producers in choosing a product or process that functions more consistently and minimizes other factors. uncontrollable factors. This study uses the System Literature Review method which is used to determine the methodology with relevant questions by presenting evidence that underlies the relevant data. As a source of energy, almost half of the world's population consumes rice as a staple food. Until now, the way of planting rice is still the traditional way. This has a direct impact on the quantity and quality of rice produced. With objective considerations of color and milling results or subjectively with taste and aroma in order to measure the availability of consumers to pay for superior rice quality. However, the results show that to capture this value, rice sellers must be able to convey information about quality and storage attributes. Consumers need to know what information is in rice. In addition, it is important to have further learning about good rice handling, so that one day they can deal with obstacles such as pest attacks or crop failure. new environmentally friendly rice.


The questions that will guide this philosophical essay on morality, more precisely, on moral duty in the face of a greater ethics are: Is individual motivation as important as current ethics? Do they both have to be in agreement? With this essay we will try to present the classical Greek scenario as a background for the analysis of Socrates' moral choice for death. The justification for this theme lies in the character of Criton, of the homonymous Platonic dialogue, which will serve as a reference for this approach as a Socratic admirer who, at the moment of the death sentence of his friend, creates a moral dilemma. In order to do so, the Greek historical context will be resumed.


Coal bed gas is gradually becoming an alternative choice as well as a clean energy for people's live.Bo Li basin is rich in gas and it is the only district of the Northeast Mesozoic marine deposit of our nation,created favorable conditions for the formation of coal bed gas.Meanwhile, the coal bed gas is also under the influence of the tectonic movement and the magmation.. Various factors make the coal bed and coal bed gas develop in Bo Li basin, and easy to be developed and exploited.


Safety analysis is very important to prevent events that may cause catastrophic accidents in process industries. Although traditional safety assessment methods including fault tree (FT) have been used widely in this field, they still lack in dynamic structure representation and uncertainty processing, which are important for the process safety analysis. In this study, a safety analysis approach based on the probabilistic Petri-net (PPN), which extends the basic Petri-net, is proposed. Probabilities are assigned to the tokens in the Petri-net, and the probability dependencies of events can then be modeled by a PPN. The enabling rule of a transition and the execution rule of an enabled transition are provided, through which the dynamic evolution process of the system can be revealed by the flowing of tokens, and the probabilities corresponding to the occurrence of events can be updated. A case that vapor cloud may overflow from a tank is studied to illustrate the proposed approach. The result is validated by comparing with that of the fault tree analysis.


With the implementation of SAS Business Solutions, SAS programmers are faced with new challenges. Rather than developing new, fully customized systems, SAS programmers are installing packaged applications created by SAS Institute. This paper discusses my experiences implementing IT Service Vision™ software for a client. Areas to be discussed:


The convergence of artificial intelligence based data processing techniques with information and communication technologies has enabled the development of a smart diagnostic system that can be used to provide health care support in remote rural areas. The paper focuses on the development of a smart diagnostic system that can predict the physiological state of a patient given the past physiological data. The smart system has been implemented on an Altera Cyclone EP1K6Q240C8 FPGA chip. Since patients' data randomly vary, therefore no crisp opinion can be made about the physiological state of a patient knowing only the present data. The system employs a smart agent whose role is to monitor and diagnose on a regular time basis and assist the health care professionals in the process of therapeutic decisions. The paper provides an introduction to the notion of smart agent based telemedicine. An extended example on the problem of monitoring renal patients using Body Mass Index (BMI), blood glucose, urea, creatinine, systolic and diastolic blood pressure has been presented in this paper. The system has been tested with height, weight, blood glucose, urea, creatinine, systolic and diastolic blood pressure data of patients where all data other than height have been taken at 10 days interval. Applying the methodology, the chance of attainment of critical renal condition of a patient before the patient actually reaches a critical state has been predicted with confidence.


The method discussed in Part I for the determination of steady‐state solutions of electromagnetic problems is applied to a finitely conducting sphere as the simplest illustration involving a body of finite dimensions. The external e.m.f. is applied across an infinitesimal strip at the equator. The induced field appears as the sum of an infinite number of partials or modes. As the frequency is increased these modes become successively dominant. There are a series of resonance points. The real part of the driving‐point admittance rises step‐wise with increasing frequency and the behavior of the system is notably different from that of a normal circuit. Expressions are given for the power dissipated in heat and in radiation and it is shown that the complex power input at the driving point is equal to the integral of the complex Poynting vector over the surface of the sphere.


The Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order was entered into by the State of Nevada, US Department of Energy, and US Department of Defense to identify sites of potential historical contamination and implement corrective actions based on public health and environmental considerations. The facilities subject to this agreement include the Nevada Test Site (NTS), parts of the Tonopah Test Range, parts to the Nellis Air Force Range, the Central Nevada Test Area, and the Project Shoal Area. Corrective Action Sites (CASs) are areas potentially requiring corrective actions and may include solid waste management units, individual disposal, or release sites. Based on geography, technical similarity, agency responsibility, or other appropriate reasons, CASs are grouped together into Corrective Action Units (CAUs) for the purpose of determining appropriate corrective actions. This report contains the Closure Verification Forms for cleanup activities that were performed at 19 CASs with in CAU 119 on the NTS. The form for each CAS provides the location, directions to the site, general description, and photographs of the site before and after cleanup activities. Activities included verification of the prior removal of both aboveground and underground gas/oil storage tanks, gas sampling tanks, pressure fuel tanks, tank stands, trailers, debris, andmore » other material. Based on these former activities, no further action is required at these CASs.« less


The authors studied the principles of adaptive control of quality measures/characteristics in the multivariant multistage system in the process of cold rolled coinage strip production. This approach helps to provide guaranteed achievement of acceptable quality level of metal product under various external actions


Title investigation has been followed titrimetrically in the presence of Hg(II) acetate, sulphuric acid and 50% acetic acid (v/v). The overall order of the reaction is found to be two, unity each with respect to oxidant and substrate. The rate of reaction is inhibited by the addition of H+ions. The rate decreases with increasing percentage of acetic acid, suggesting a dipole-dipole type of reaction. A mechanism in which NBS abstracts a hydride ion from the -CHO group of the aldehyde in the rate-determining step, has been proposed. This is supported by the fact that electron withdrawing groups decrease the rate and etectron-reteastng groups increase the rate. Hammett's plot of log k vs IJ is linear with a slope p = -1·14 at 50°. The p values increase with temperature suggesting that it is an entropy controlled reaction.


ARINC 653 applications using event synchronization may result in behaviors unexpected by the programmers when concurrency errors, such as race conditions, occur due to their non-deterministic executions. The errors can be debugged by means of previous visualization tools, such as System viewer, provided by ARINC 653 IDE. However, these tools do not consider race conditions, which require the programmers to analyze the process state transition considering event synchronization and to ratiocinate the occurrence of accesses to shared resources from source codes. This paper presents a visualization tool, called ConpathView that intuitively shows the aspect of the process execution with race conditions and the accesses to the shared memories based on the event services in ARINC 653 applications. The ConpathView enables to reduce visual complexity as well as to provide effective understanding of the aspect of the process execution. It provides concrete and practical information for debugging ARINC 653 applications by locating the accesses to the shared resources on the source code.


Introduced one method consisting of four-probe means,electric current exchanging technology,and dynamic measurement.Obtained metrical data through this method and appropriate processing,may reasonably coun-ter-balance an influence which came from heat electric potential,and could complete well precisice measuring for resistance characteristic of high temperature superconductor.


Abstract—This article concerns modeling of statistical properties of OFDM signals with the help of "normalized Gaussian" model, proposed by Kotzer et al. In this paper there is provided an extended formulation of the model, supplemented by an expression for probability density, extending possible applications of the model in theoretical works. Numerical results for verification of the model are provided and a more accurate alternative is suggested.


The digestive tract of the cockroach, Blaberus craniifer Burmeister, contains amylase, α- and β-glucosidases, β-fructofuranosidase, α- and β-galactosidases, but no cellulase. The most active site of hydrolytic action is the midgut, followed by the foregut, hindgut, salivary gland tissue, and Malpighian tubules.


Objective:To investigate the clinical character and treatment strategy of elderly patients with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Methods:The clinical data from 24 cases of elderly patients with SAP in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively and compared with 36 cases of non-elderly patients with SAP in the same period.Results:The main cause of elderly patients with SAP was cholelithiasis,which was more associated with other chronic diseases,and hypertension was the most common.In elderly patients with local complications and multiple organ dysfunctions(failure) were significantly high er than those of the control group.Conclusion:The main cause of elderly patients with SAP is billiard disease,the clinical manifestations are non-specific,it is associated with many diseases and has a higher rate of complications,diagnosis and treatment of the disease is difficult.


Abstract The current-voltage characteristics of the photovoltaic module are highly non-linear and depend, among other factors, on solar insolation level and on the module surface temperature. At a fixed value of insolation level to which the module is subjected, the terminal voltage decreases non-linearly as the load current increases. Most previous research in this area depends on non-linear mathematical equations relating the module voltage with its current. Therefore, numerical methods of analysis are required to determine the performance of a system in which a photovoltaic module, or array, is an element. It is known that most operating points in such systems lie in the range between the no-load voltage and the maximum power point voltage of the photovoltaic module. In this article, an approach is presented to obtain approximate closed-form analytical expressions for the current-voltage characteristics of any photovoltaic array in the range from no-load condition up to the maximum power point condition. The technique presented allows the direct method to predict the operating conditions of photovoltaic arrays when feeding loads, such as DC motors, without using tedious and time-consuming iterative numerical techniques, and the approximated current-voltage characteristics obtained analytically are compared with corresponding exact characteristics, with very close agreement obtained. To validate the proposed closed-form analytical expressions of the current-voltage characteristics of the photovoltaic array when feeding DC motors, the torque speed characteristics of different types of DC motors are obtained analytically and compared with the corresponding exact characteristics. The difference between the approximate and exact characteristics is very small.


SUMMARY Sequential dry-matter measurements for winter wheat crops grown at different sites during different seasons were plotted against accumulated potential evaporation. A relation consisting of two intersecting straight lines represented the observations. Early crop growth had a gentle slope due to an incomplete leaf canopy. Later growth occurred at a rate which depended upon the amount of applied nitrogen, the amount of radiation and the availability of water. The intersection occurred consistently at a leaf area index of 1·25.


GUIMARAES, A. H. T. O auto religioso vicentino em dialogo com a pintura. 2007. 228 f. Thesis (Doctoral) – Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciencias Humanas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 2007. Gil Vicente s theater brings in itself features of a moment of transition in the Portuguese literature, so it is marked by traces that indicate elements from medieval unti Renaissance elements. Almong these traits, an element arises, the Catholic religion in its side that has been dominant for the European culture of this period, with more emphasis on the Peninsula Iberica.The art, be it literary, pictural, musical, architectural, among other manifestations, served, at that time, on many occasions, as a support to the teaching process-catequetico. The three selected "autos vicentinos", Auto de Mofina Mendes, Auto da Alma and Auto da Barca do Inferno, which highlight the birth, the running of the life and death, are caracterized among other functions and possibilities for reading, as vehicles of this process of teaching religious learning. Therefore, they are reviewed in order to establish a dialogue with another language that also exercises this function, the painting, in its medieval, Renaissance, Baroque and flamenco manifestations. It is important to note that this process of analysis uses a mixed methodology based on theoretical assumptions arising from the studies of Bahktin, Kristeva, Comparative Literature and Gestault, since there isn t a theoretical support that studies this particular subject.


The main objective of this research is to study the effect of the pressure drop in the inlet manifold, on the engine performance and exhaust emission system, the fuel used in this v6 diesel engine is Rapeseed Methy Ester (RME) and a comparison between (RME) fuel and ultra low sulphure diesel (ULSD) was conducted and a steady state test for both fuels were carried at BMEP 3.1 and 4.7 bar. At combustion process in terms of cylinder pressure and heat release, engine performance and exhaust emission were analysed, an experimental evidence showed that, pressure drop increasing in the intake manifold will increase the fuel consumption and reduces the engine efficincy by using both, RME and ULSD. Engine efficiency with RME is 1.2%- 2% lower than ULSD, having exhaust emiession level of NOx and CO slightly higher for RME comparing to ULSD. Emissions of unburned hydrocarbon for RME is much smaller than ULSD.


An electrostatic duster was evaluated by measuring insecticide deposited on sweet corn under field conditions at Tifton, Georgia (1963). The insecticidal dust (2.5 lb 1)1)T/acre) was applied through nozzles either uncharged or positively or negatively charged with 13,200 volts. Samples for residue analysis were taken at several intervals during 174 hr and analyzed by gas chromatography. These residue data were expressed in terms of weight per unit surface area of the plant (μg/dm2). Significant differences (5% level) were obtained among the treatments. The initial concentration of dust on the plants was 57% and 36% greater with positively and negatively charged particles, respectively, than with the uncharged particles. The rate of residue decline with time was essentally the same for all treatments.


This study proposes a model of the influence of organizational learning on the performance of  private universities (PTS)  in Makassar  City. This study collected data through a survey approach to 294 leaders of PTS. The analysis tool uses WarpPLS 7.0. The results of this study found that organizational learning can encourage dynamic abilities. However, organizational learning is not significant to substantive abilities. Thus  the study found  a new concept. However, this study reveals that  organizational learning   can   significantly    drive  dynamic   abilities   and   encourage   substantive capabilities.  The  study   also  found   that   dynamic  ability  can  significantly   drive substantive  ability and PTS  performance.  Favorable substantive  ability can drive PTS performance. Finally, dynamic capabilities significantly  drive substantive  and performance capabilities. Therefore, this study confirmed the validity of the DCV theory in the PTS  environment.


Conrad's fictions' exploration, and dramatization, of the inefficacy of language has been well noted and interrogated by literary critics. In the narratives, language's limitations are exposed as a result of the narrators' and characters' quests to know the world and to understand the truths of conscious experience, along with the validity of sensations and perceptions. Although linguistic issues are brought to the fore, it is a consequence of epistemological, metaphysical, and ontological concerns rather than a contemplation of language in itself. In this article, I want to consider the issue of the limits of language by focusing particularly on the role of silence in Lord Jim . w hi lst attention has been paid to


This paper designs time reversal (TR) based angle-Doppler estimators for multiple-input-multiple-output (TRAD/MIMO) radars with the goal of using the spatial diversity of multipath propagation in urban scenarios to their advantage. Simulation results show that the angle-Doppler diversity is successfully utilized by the TRAD/MIMO radars to achieve significantly higher accuracy for target localization as compared to the conventional radar maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) and adaptive beamforming techniques.


Circuit model for TSV-based solenoid inductors is presented and investigated. Based on the measurement, the related lumped circuit elements can be extracted, and they are independent of the operating frequency by virtue of the RL ladder. Hence, the circuit model is compatible with the SPICE simulators. Based on the circuit model, the impacts of design parameters on the quality factor and inductance are studied. Finally, the frequency-thermal analysis of TSV-based solenoid inductors is carried out.


Differential modulation techniques are being employed in future access networks. Differential Amplitude Phase Shift Keying (DAPSK) is a differential modulation technique that combines the features of Differential Phase Shift Keying (DPSK) and Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM). The basic fundamentals and the system design considerations of DAPSK are discussed. A detailed analysis of the QAM and DAPSK modulation techniques carried out reveals that DAPSK is spectrally efficient and hence more suitable for the access network.


Rent and Water Bill management system is a successful attempt taken in order to reduce the recognized problems and increase the effectiveness in organizational rent and water bill calculation and maintenance. The currently available system for the Industrial Estate Division (IED) under the Industrial development board is a manually generated system which requires trained employees and more cost and time consuming. Due to the manual nature it faces many other inconveniences in storing of data, security issues, inflexibility in adaptation etc. The Rent and Water bill management system has been proposed in order to address the above complications through implementing a user friendly web based solution. In the proposed system the eighteen estates of Industrial Estate Division will be linked with the head office by using the cloud computing infrastructure. All the records of the relevant details will be stored in the central database of the system and users can access that information if the system has given the authority to access them. The system will give the access only to the relevant interfaces according to the user levels. The developed system is a fully integrated version comprised of an Android Mobile Application, Short Message Sending (SMS) gateway and a Payment gateway. Keywords— Cloud computing, Android mobile application, SMS and Payment gateways


Nowadays, the lack of gratitude education has become one of the most common phenomena in colleges and universities, which often leads to the fact that college students are not willing to and able to show gratitude to others. Ignorance of gratitude behavior will not only bring adverse effects on their personal growth but also affect their interpersonal relationships as well as the harmonious development of society. Therefore, positive psychology should be used to cultivate good psychological quality of college students, thus promoting the development of gratitude education.


Basic Principle, construction and applications of a magnetron sputtering plated film machine are briefly described in thiss paper. The machine can be used to coat Al, Cu, Ti, 1Cr18Ni9Ti or other meral films on a substrate of metal or nonmetal (plastics, glass or ceramics) .


With the aging of the world population trend intensifying, a growing number of individuals are suffering from two or more long-term diseases, namely multimorbidity. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) medication is a unique treatment method in China. Traditional Chinese medicine formulae (FTCM) contain multiple herbs with multi-target, multichannel, and multi-link characteristics. Besides, FTCM is known for its multi-targeted pharmacological function and fewer side effects. Guanxin (cid:0) is a representative compound with powerful pharmacological effects, such as cardio-protection, anti-traumatic brain injury (TBI), anti-depression, and anti-functional dyspepsia (FD). Moreover, its mechanism is mainly through inhibiting the in�ammatory response. However, due to the complex biological active ingredients of the herbal formula, its active ingredients and mechanism of action in the treatment of TBI, depression, and FD are not yet fully elucidated. Therefore, we �rst explored the main active ingredients and potential mechanisms of action of Guanxin (cid:0) in the treatment of TBI, depression, and FD by using network pharmacology methods. Nextly, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to validate the relationship between Guanxin (cid:0) and three commonly used drugs for these diseases. Subsequently, we docked the principal components (luteolin, quercetin, and β -sitosterol) with key targets (IL-6, IL-1 β , and TNF) of Guanxin (cid:0) in the treatment of TBI, depression, and FD, by molecular docking methods, which further validated the above analysis results. In conclusion, Guanxin (cid:0) has therapeutic effects on TBI, depression, and FD, mainly by inhibiting the secretion of in�ammatory cytokines from reducing the in�ammatory response.


Automatic RFID tracking of ordnance in transport or storage has been difficult or impossible due to the dangers that arise from possible accidental actuation of electro-explosive devices by RF electromagnetic fields. Limits on the maximum RF power densities that meet Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Ordnance (HERO) emission standards preclude many passive RFID systems from operating safely in the vicinity of ordnance due to the high level of RF radiation needed to power the electronics onboard the RFID tag. This paper describes a Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) based RFID system that allows safe operation of an RFID system with no standoff or separation distance between the reader antenna and the item of ordnance. Surface Acoustic Wave RFID systems are a "chipless" technology that utilize the piezoelectric properties of certain monolithic crystal materials to provide a truly passive RFID technology which can be operated at RF power levels well below those established for safety near ordnance.


This paper examines the relation between capital accumulation, income distribution and the real exchange rate in the Brazilian economy using a sectorially disaggregated database for the period 2007-2014. The industrial sectors are grouped into two categories according to the intensity of technological innovation: (i) medium-low and low; and (ii) mediumhigh and high. Two different methodologies are used for estimations: (i) the Arellano– Bond GMM method to handle the endogeneity between investment and the profit share; and (ii) panel vector autoregression to capture the impact of exchange rate devaluation on capital accumulation, taking into account the feedback of the profit share, labour costs and degree of capacity utilization. The results suggest a non-linear relationship between investment and income distribution in the Brazilian economy for both groups of sectors. However, the pattern of the relation between capital accumulation and income distribution differs according to the intensity of innovation. The results also indicate that an exchange rate devaluation has a positive effect on capital accumulation, particularly for the sectors more intense in technology innovation.


At present,Chinese universities for nationalities have no clear goals for their adult education because they are not sure of their concept and traits for this education with a rational foundation.Their strategic goals should aim at offering services to the minority people and areas and different levels of education and improve the management mechanism to ensure their healthy and sustainable development.


despite some form of long-term disability. Ross Thorne in 'The elderly in nonpurpose built housing' reports on two surveys in Sydney of elderly hospital patients who had returned home to convalesce. Most reported some difficulty in carrying out household tasks, although clearly preferred convalescing at home. Harwood and van der Est recommend in 'The health, social and psychological environment of people in post-retirement age' that, as one in four persons over the age of sixty-five suffer from arthritis or musculo-skeletal diseases and one in five from hearing loss, specially designed housing should be provided for all age groups and not delayed until the need arises late in life. In designing and building houses, they state, 'we should be catering for the elderly of the future.' With greater numbers of elderly managing to live independently, although requiring perhaps some form of assistance in the home or community, Russell in 'Community services for the frail elderly: deals on wheels', raises several issues associated with community care. She describes community care as in fact family care, mainly by women, and notes the difficulty in costing community care given the hidden costs of unpaid services of relatives. Highly critical of community care on several counts, Russell nonetheless recommends the expansion of community services, with the proviso that elderly persons themselves become more involved in the decision-making roles in community organisations. Overall, this collection reflects the reality of many conferences: a few papers are excellent, some provide good descriptive material on policies or particular programmes, while others offer little that is new or penetrating. Stronger editing could have avoided this problem. For the discerning reader, willing to pick and choose among the selections, the book will provide some valuable and informative material on the living environment of the elderly that is not contained elsewhere. Do not be put off by the stereotypical photograph of two smiling elderly ladies gossiping across the back fence which appears on the cover. In fact, the material contained in this collection moves beyond stereotyping Australia's elderly and reveals the variety of housing options and living environments which either create or discourage independent living.


Fair allocation of scarce medical resources during emergency situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic is a highly challenging task. The pandemic has revealed that age was invoked as a criterion in terms of granting access to medical treatment in some European Union countries such as Italy. This paper analyses whether or not the use of chronological age alone might be justified for any such differential treatment in the event of scarcity. The paper seeks to demonstrate that older persons should not be automatically excluded from receiving access to healthcare which might otherwise amount to direct discrimination under European Union law.


Halal logistics is an innovation of delivering of Halal products or service. It is newly emerging area in the logistics industry due to Halal global dynamic business architecture. Global Halal market is indeed enormous due to tremendous growth of global Halal demand from Muslims and non-Muslim consumers. According to theory the growth of Halal industry and Halal market enhance the demand for Halal logistics. However, to date only few third-party logistics (3PL) firms are certified by Halal certification, indicating not many 3PLs involved in Halal logistics. Hence the successful implementation of Halal logistics operations is yet to be seen and the mechanism of Halal logistics competence is still in the `black-box'. To unfold these crucial gaps, this article applies Islamic-based approach enshrined in Al-Quran and Hadith to explore the basic determinants of Halal services and Halal logistics services in particular and further identify prominence determinants of Halal logistics competence in delivery Halal products and service by Malaysian 3PL firms.


e11585 Background: The peloris rapid tissue processor promises same-day biopsy results. It uses a unique ActivFlo system achieving fast processing by rapid even heating and reagent exchange. The effect on ER/PR, Her2 scores and morphology of tumour cells are assessed Methods: 80 breast core biopsies were so far included in this study. For each case, one of three core biopsies was processed by the Peloris and the other two by the Leica histology processor for next day reporting. Each core biopsy was fixed in formalin for at least 3 - 6 hours before being processed by both systems.Immunohistochemistry for ER, PR and Her2 was carried out as well as FISH for borderline Her2 cases scoring 2+. Microscopical features were compared by the same histopathologist and tumour grade and type were recorded Results: On comparing cases processed by Peloris and Leica, 47 out of 68 biopsies (69%) scored exactly the same for ER and PR. 16 biopsies (23.5%) had minor scoring differences but did not affect the overall hormone receptor status. In total, 63 out of 68 biopsies (94%) scored similar receptor status. 4 cases (6%) had differing ER/PR status. 56 cases had Her2 tested, 51 (91%) had similar scores and 5 (9%) had different scores. 14 borderline cases had FISH tests and no different results were seen between Peloris and Leica processed tissue. Morphologically there were differences in size of nuclei and nuclear chromatin appearances. We have started the second part of the study in which biopsies for the Peloris are loaded immediately on receipt giving about 30 minutes of formalin fixation. Of the 9 biopsies so far processed, there have been no noticeable differences between the fixed tissue on the Leica processor and the fresh tissue on Peloris with regards to ER, PR and Her2.

CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, immunohistochemistry for ER/PR and Her2 is similar in 93% and 91% cases respectively. Results for FISH test were similar in all 14 cases. However, morphological differences were noted and the effect on tumour grade was discussed. Further evaluation and comparison of tissue using both processors on morphological architecture need to be carried out and any differences reported. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


The main goal of tooth restoration aims at achieving mineralization of initial enamel and dentinal lesions in native form. Most of the restorative materials and remineralization adjuvants for enamel and dentin mineralization are evidenced in the literature. Although commercially available restorative materials exhibit superior esthetics, mechanical properties and cost effectiveness, durability of the restoration threatened by the occurrence of inadequate strength, long-term solubility, and weaker adhesion to tooth and accelerated degradation after being bonded to tooth structure. Recently, the role of biomimetic science in restorative dentistry aims at creating a restoration that can be highly compatible with the structural, functional and biologic properties of dental tissues to reproduce and emulate the original performance of the intact tooth with high durability. In order to recover the prismatic structure in mineral-depleted enamel and to achieve interfibrillar mineralization in dentin, non-collagenous protein analogues have been proposed as templates for apatite deposition. Biomimetic analogues must be necessary to achieve functional mineralization and to recover the dynamic mechanical properties of teeth. The use of these analogues associated with ion-releasing materials seems to be a promising approach for both Review Article Basheer et al.; JPRI, 32(25): 19-28, 2020; Article no.JPRI.61573 20 enamel and dentin remineralization. This review enlightens the current and future perspectives of biomimetic analogues used for enamel and dentin remineralization as the clinical translation of this biomimetic research can be considered as the boon to restorative dentistry.


Background: The outbreak of Covid-19 has seriously challenged the world's health systems, which brought about a growing dissemination of a multitude anesthesia guidelines. Considering the collaboration of international collogues with the purpose of saving patients' lives and health care workers, the primary purpose of this study is to describe and evaluate the national guidelines released for the management of anesthesia in patients with Covid 19.
Methods: The required data were collected through systematic review approach by consulting the national guidelines published in the datasets such as Pub-med, Cochrane Library, Embase, Science Direct, and Up-to-date. This inclusive searching approach was supplemented with the World Federation of Anesthesiologists Information Resources website.
Results: We reviewed the guidelines disseminated by Australia, Canada, China, India, Italy, South Africa, South Korea, Taiwan, Iran, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The results revealed that all the above guidelines were often used to limit the spread of infection and to maintain the health of health care providers. Considering the scope and mission of the guidelines, the results also showed that the most comprehensive ones were disseminated by Chinese researchers. The most transparent reporting of sources of information was released by South Africa and the United Kingdom scholars.
Conclusion: Evidence-based implications, the national guidelines need to be updated to increase their accuracy, clarity, and enforceability.


Electric field induced luminescence quenching in C60 polycrystalline films has been investigated. Its efficiency increases with excitation energy above 2.3 eV, whereas no quenching is observed in the range 1.77 - 2.3 eV, within the experimental resolution. Furthermore, the luminescence efficiency decreases towards higher energy with a drop above 2.3 eV. The photocarrier generation efficiency also shows a sharp increase above 2.3 eV in addition to weak structures in the range 1.5 - 2.3 eV. The increase of the electric field induced luminescence quenching efficiency, the drop of the luminescence yield as well as the sharp increase of the photocarrier generation efficiency above 2.3 eV, are interpreted in terms of branching either in the excitation or relaxation processes involving intermolecular charge transfer excited states. In the range 1.77 - 2.3 eV, the photophysical properties are governed by intramolecular interaction (Frenkel excitons). The solid state specific absorption in the range 2.3 - 3.0 eV has also been correlated to the intermolecular charge transfer states.


The invention discloses a read voltage generation circuit. The read voltage generation circuit comprises a first charge pump, a sampling circuit, a comparator and a reference generation circuit, wherein the first charge pump generates read voltage; the sampling circuit is connected to the read voltage, samples the read voltage and then sends the read voltage to an input end of the comparator; the ratio of the read voltage to sampling voltage is at least more than 2; the other input end of the comparator is connected with the reference generation circuit to obtain reference voltage with temperature compensation; an output end of the comparator outputs a feedback signal to the first charge pump so as to control the first charge pump to work; and the reference generation circuit generates the reference voltage with the temperature compensation and sends the reference voltage to the comparator. The read voltage which is generated by the read voltage generation circuit is high in ratio, changes along with temperature, and can be expanded.


Objectives This study demonstrates histopathologic and immunocytochemical changes in the olfactory bulb of a patient with post‐traumatic olfactory dysfunction. These results are analyzed in light of current understanding of the pathophysiology of anosmia and dysosmia following head trauma. Emphasis is placed on potential mechanisms of human regeneration and recovery.


(a) The study was terminated too soon The HINT study suggested that although the addition of nifedipine to routine treatment could be "detrimental" to patients not previously on ,B blockers, the addition of nifedipine to existing treatment with ,B blockers was "beneficial". The trial was ended too early, probably because an interim analysis suggested that the risk of myocardial infarction was greater in patients assigned to nifedipine. The reason for this decision does not appear in the discussion and is poorly documented in the appendix. The analysis only demonstrates the well known fact that an unplanned interim analysis without correction of ot error may produce a significant difference.


Do some management practices have technological aspects or are they all simply styles, designed to be contingent to particular environments? We collect data on core management practices we believe to be related to productivity across 8,000 firms in 20 countries in the Americas, Europe and Asia. The US has the highest average management score and around a third of this is due to more powerful reallocation effects, rewarding better managed firms with greater market share. Management accounts for up to half of the TFP gap between the US and other countries. We present a simple model of management as a technology that predicts (i) a positive effect of management on firm performance; (ii) a positive effect of competition on average management quality and (iii) that the positive covariance between management and size (the "Olley-Pakes reallocation term") should be stronger when distortions are weaker (e.g. stronger in the US than Southern Europe and in environments where trade costs are). We show strong empirical support for all three of these predictions. Reallocation is greater when trade barriers are low, labor regulations are weak and during the shock of the 2008-2009 Great Recession. JEL No. L2, M2, O32, O33.


The article provides an overview of the most significant publications on the topic of male infertility. The main selection criteria were the practical significance of the article, as well as the impact factor of the journal in which it was published, according to the SCImago Journal Rank (SJR). As a result, a list of 10 works published in the first quarter (January - March) of 2021 was formed. The review included articles related to the following issues: sperm DNA fragmentation, the use of testicular spermatozoa in ART programs (assisted reproductive technologies), advanced paternal age, the role of the human papillomavirus for male fertility, hormonal modulation by clomiphene, the risk of birth defects in children in ART programs, andrological examination of patients with CFTR gene mutations. And also, an analysis of the new clinical guidelines of the American Urological Association (AUA) was carried out.


Individualism and Religion: The Impact of the Individualist Cultural Tradition on Religious Beliefs and Practices Jenna Griebel, M.A. Thesis Chairperson: Jerry Park, Ph.D. Individualism and its effect on American society has received a great amount of scholarly research. Researchers have established that individualism plays a large role in all areas of society. Using the dual process model of culture developed by Stephen Vaisey (2009) and data from waves I and III of the National Survey of Youth and Religion, this study investigates the role that individualism plays on religion. In examining the effect that an individualist cultural tradition has on religious attitudes and behaviors this study reveals that the shift in authority that takes place within this cultural tradition has a large influence on the subsequent religious behaviors and attitudes of the person.


The objective of this study is to elucidate the effect of preparation method and the characteristics of chitosan used on the mechanical and release properties of the prepared capsule. The characteristics of the chitosan explored include molecular weight (1.8, 5.6, 20.2, and 31.8 × 105 Dalton) and chain flexibility parameter (B), which was manipulated by a varying degree of deacetylation (DD, 67.9, 81.3, 90.5, and 92.2%), and sodium chloride concentration (0 or 0.3%). The orifice method was used to encapsulate hemoglobin, whereas complex coacervation was used to encapsulate the bovine serum albumin (BSA). The axial ratio was measured to characterize the appearance of the capsule. Break strength was used as an index of mechanical strength. Release percent of protein was used as a pore size indicator. The results show axial ratio and hemoglobin release percent of the capsule prepared by the orifice method increased with the increase of the chain flexibility parameter (B), but decreased with the increase of the chitosan molecular weight. However, break force behaved just opposite from that of the axial ratio and release percent of hemoglobin. The capsule cannot be prepared from 92.2% DD chitosan. Break strength and BSA release percent of the capsule prepared by complex coacervation did not vary with different DD, molecular weight of chitosan, and sodium chloride concentration. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 66: 161–169, 1997


Morena, a new left-wing party which supports income redistribution, and at the same time, appeals to values in a generic sense, has attracted many religious voters. Drawing from the literature on religion and politics in Latin America, and analyzing the 2018 CNEP surveys conducted in Mexico, available evidence suggests that observant and traditionalist catholics were more likely to support amlo, whereas Protestants and Evangelicals were less likely to vote for him, arguably due to the vague stance that Morena has taken regarding moral values. Thus, the broader coalition that cemented amlo's victory seems to be composed of secularists, who still favor the left, and observant catholics.


It is necessary to evaluate the exerted impacts not only to the transport system but also to the change of location pattern, when we measure the benefit for transport improvements. In this paper, we proposed the computable urban economic model, which is based on the urban economic model and is intended to apply to the practical analysis. By using this model, the zone contingent benefits are possible to be defined when the benefit is evaluated. Though the idea of this benefit definition has been argued, the benefit definition for the relocating sectors has not been cleared enough. So we showed the benefit definition for the relocating sectors by utilizing the operating path of the project, and we are able to grasp the incidence structure of zone contingent benefits.


[Aims] The aim was to collect and analyze the data of 4 pyrethroid pesticides residue in edible fungus in Beijing plantation woodland. [Methods] A total of 54 samples were collected from Tongzhou District, Fangshan District, Pinggu District and Changping District in Beijing. Samples were extracted by acetonitrile, cleaned by PSA dispersive solidphase extraction, separated by GC-ECD and quantified with external standard method. [Results] The method met with the requirement of pesticide residues analysis, the mean recoveries of the method ranged from 69 to 107%, the relative standard deviation were ranged from 1.8 to 11.7%. The minimumdetection limit of deltamethrinand fenvalerate residues were below 0.01 mg/kg. The residues of cyfluthrinranged from 0.010 to 0.230 mg/kg with the detection rate of 20.4%,and the residuesof cypermethrinranged from 0.011 to 0.146 mg/kg with the detection rate of 68.5%. [Conclusions] In China, the maximum residue limit of cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin and fenvalerate in edible fungus were 0.3, 0.5,0.2 and 0.2 mg/kg, respectively. For the edible fungus in Beijing plantation woodland, the 4 pyrethroid pesticides residues were safe in 54 samples because the residue values either absent or compliant with the maximum residue limit.


Background: Lateral epicondylitis is a painful condition of the elbow, characterised by pain and tenderness with resisted wrist extension. This study was carried out to evaluate the comparative efficacy of the local infiltration of leucocyte enriched platelet rich plasma (L-PRP) and methylprednisolone in patients with lateral epicondylitis.Methods: Sixty adult patients, between the ages 30 to 50 years, diagnosed with lateral epicondylitis of more than 12 weeks, were enrolled in the prospective randomised study. Their medical history and previous conservative treatment were recorded; the clinical evaluation of the tendinitis was made with the visual analogue scale (VAS), the disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) outcome scores, the modified elbow performance index (MEPS), the functional assessment by patient-rated tennis elbow evaluation (PRTEE), together with the laboratory investigations. The patients were randomised using the computer-generated alphabets into two groups of 30: group A received PRP, and group B received corticosteroid.Results: Patients were seen at 4, 8 and 12 weeks to evaluate the post-injection status. VAS, DASH, and PRTEE scores were significantly reduced, and MEPS was significantly improved in group A compared to group B.Conclusions: PRP leads to superior healing with long-term therapeutic advantages compared to corticosteroids though it takes a little longer to have its effect.


To understanding speakers and level to death-rate россиян is offered increase the temporary borders of the
estimation - over 100 years, position nature of the change to birth rate and death-rate with global standard scheme
reproducing the population, match importance of the general factor to death-rate with model level of death-rate
depending on existing life expectancy, as well as give the forecast on base of the world development


Research question: What is the prevalence of HIV infection among adult TB cases. Objectives: (i) To find out the prevalence of HIV infection among adult TB cases. (ii) To study some epidemiological and socio-demographic factors associated with TB-HIV co-infection. Study design: Cross-sectional study over the period of three years. Setting: Two large referral Chest and TB hospitals at Allahabad (U.P.). Participants: TB patients in age group of 20 years and above. Study variables: Age sex marital status religion social support (staying with family) alcohol consumption sexual behaviour history of blood transfusion and IV drug use. Statistical analysis: Chi-square (*2) test. Results: A total of 6707 adult TB cases were screened for HIV seropositivity of which 1.69% were found positive. Majority of the cases (99%) were in sexually active age group. HIV seropositivity was observed in both sexes and all religions with no significant difference. HIV prevalence was more in TB cases not staying with family and alcohol consumers. Heterosexual promiscuity was observed in 57% of cases and 36% were indeterminates. TB-HIV co-infection showed an increasing trend from years 1998 to 2000. (authors)


After the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939), the victorious fascist Nationalists dominated the liberal sympathizers and established Republican government and forced those unwilling to comply into exile. Once in a state of exile, how were Republican Spaniards able or unable to maintain their Spanish identity? By focusing on Mexico as a location of refuge for these exiles, this thesis seeks to determine the important role played by memory, both collective and individual, and how allowing themselves to connect to the past helped exiles and influenced future generations to learn about the past of their relatives. Using support from personal interviews and published poetry (of Luis Cernuda) it can be understood that Spanish Republican exiles that settled in Mexico were able to maintain their Spanish identity. At the same time, a more complicated and developed identity for their future relatives has been established by uncovering a past that continued to be repressed even after the initial event of exile.


The mechanism of charge separation between solids is discussed in detail, including the short-range dissipation occurring during separation. The dissipation of electric charges by various methods is described and the action of anti-static agents discussed. A review of experimental methods employed for the detection and measurement of static electrification is presented.


A computational study of two Diffuser-Augmented Wind Turbines (DAWTs) is carried out to investigate both the hydrodynamic flow field and the far-field noise. The two configurations differ for the tip-clearance ratio, defined as the ratio between the tip clearance and the rotor radius. The DonQi® wind turbine, a three blades ducted rotor, is adopted as baseline configuration because of the availability of reference data. It has a tip-clearance ratio of 2.5%. The second configuration is obtained from the first one by elongating the rotor radius such to force the interaction between the turbulent boundary layer, developing over the suction side of the diffuser, and the tip of the blades, thus resulting in a tip-clearance ratio of 0.7%. The rotor with the longer blades shows a reduction of the thrust coefficient because of the lower lift generated by the diffuser that results in a lower axial velocity at the rotor plane. It is shown that this is caused by the smaller tip gap that forces the break down of the rotor tip vortex in smaller turbulent structures immediately after the rotor plane and that induces earlier flow separation along the suction side of the diffuser. The tip-clearance ratio has also a strong effect on the far-field noise. For angles between 60◦ and 120◦, where 0◦ corresponds to the axial upstream direction, the blade tonal noise, at frequency equal to the blade passing frequency and higher harmonics, is the dominant source. For other angular directions, noise increase is found for the smaller tip-clearance ratio case associated to an additional noise source, that becomes dominant, linked to an increase of the energy content of velocity fluctuations in the gap region. This noise source, that can be modeled as a monopole source located in the gap, causes an increase of broadband noise at frequencies higher than the third blade passing frequency and a tonal peak at a frequency equal to 4.5 times the blade passing frequency and higher harmonics.


The aim of the paper is to develop and study the torque control algorithm and to construct a mathematical model of an energy generation system based on a full-controlled doubly-fed induction machine (DFIM). A mathematical model of an energy generation system with a DFIM is constructed, on the basis of which a mathematical simulation of the DFIM torque tracking has been performed. An algorithm for vector torque control of the DFIM is studied, which maintains the constancy of the main magnetic flux and the orthogonality of the stator current and magnetic flux vectors. The controllers have been developed which ensure the torque and flux tracking when the electric machine is excited from the rotor side. The study confirms that the considered system of DFIM vector control performs torque tracking with minimum error at a constant air gap flux.


Which describes a system and method for forming a carbon allotrope. Exemplary reactor system for the production of carbon allotrope comprises a hybrid reactor which is configured to form a carbon allotrope from the reaction gas mixture in the Bosch reaction. The hybrid reactor, the reaction, abrasion, comprises at least two distinct zones perform different functions including catalyst separation or gas separation. .FIELD 6


A review of hydrometeorological research is presented from aspects of quantitative precipitation estimation(QPE) and forescasting(QPF),hydrological model,hydrometeorological forecasting and flood forecasting.The investigation shows that the raingauge-radar-satellite quantitative precipitation analysis method is the main way for the high resolution precipitation distribution of quantitative precipitation estimation, and the ensemble prediction precipitation system based on NWP multi-model is a chief way for the high accuracy of quantitative precipitation forecast.Meanwhile,the distributed hydrological model is the development direction of hydrological model.The incorporation of quantitative precipitation forecasts into a hydrometeorological and flood forecasting system can increase flood forecast lead times.Hydrological ensemble forecasting system is the most popular prediction technique in the world and the bidirectional feedback model combining NWP model and hydrological model is another future development direction.


Abstract Wine tourism is a growing industry in Ontario that can be a boon to regional economic development in rural areas. Increasingly, rural economies are based on the commodification of regional resources that can be environmental, cultural, symbolic, or human. Little research has investigated these characteristics in relation to the distinctive terroir that may be promoted by regional wine sectors to attract and maintain wine tourism. This article develops a conceptual framework of terroir tourism through a review of relevant literature and a case study of the Prince Edward County (PEC) wine region. Findings indicate that PEC, though having a fledgling wine industry, is well positioned to market the wine experience and product based on a unique regional identity and to link the wine sector with its economic development strategy.


The purpose of this note is to derive a method for obtaining in schematic form the solution set of a system of m linear equations in n unknowns, say AX= C in matrix form, directly from the augmented matrix R\CR of the row-reduced echelon system RX= CR having the same solution set as the given system. (By "row-reduced" here we mean fully row-reduced in the sense that (i) every leading entry (of a non-zero row) is 1, and (ii) every column containing such a leading entry 1 has all its other entries zero. This is illustrated in the example below. See G. Birkhoff and S. MacLane, A survey of modern algebra (3rd edition), p. 162.) The standard procedure is to solve RX= CR after assigning arbitrary values to an appropriate number of the unknowns. The solution thus obtained is non-unique in form, and the question of a canonical form (i.e. a convenient standard form in which the solution of any system of equations can be uniquely expressed) is of some interest. One such method of solution is illustrated in the following numerical example. The system


multi-walled were synthesised by chemical oxidation of and addition of to the polymer solution in an in intensity of peaks in the control sample from 2823 and 2937 cm -1 to 2833 and 2947 cm -1 in Plm/MWCNTs composite respectively and Raman spectroscopy in which Plm/MWCNTs shows the so-called D-band (attributed to disordered sp 2 and non -sp 2 carbon defects in graphitic sheets) and G-band (attributed to the C–C vibration with the sp 2 hybridised orbital in graphene structures) peaks at 1355 cm -1 and 1593 cm -1 , but chemical analysis confirmed the mixing of the polymer and the MWCNTs. Electrical measurements using current voltammetry (CV) that shows a reversible wave that is the typical behaviour of conductive surfaces in the presence of the redox couple and Impedance measurements in which the largest semicircle was obtained with Plm/CNTs film that corresponds to a film resistance on the real axis of 350 MΩ which is an indication of a higher electron transfer rate in the redox probe and good electrical behaviour. The overall results have shown that the composite has a significant electrical conductivity and can be applied in sensing volatile organic compounds in the environment.


Tissue-resident memory (TRM) cells are cytotoxic CD8+ T cells that populate the epithelia of non-lymphoid organs and mediate rapid protection from local infection. This study shows that antigen recognition in MVA (modified vaccinia virus Ankara)-infected skin critically contributes to local TRM cell formation. The data further indicate that T cells of different specificities compete in situ for antigenic signals, which directly impacts the composition of the local TRM pool. The findings extend our mechanistic understanding of T cell memory generation at portals of pathogen entry.


Modern library development of China was mainly affected by U.S.A library thought.Library had great development in the Studying U.S.A social thought trend in the 1920s and the 1930s.Students of library circle retuned from U.S.A had achieved great successes in New Library Movement.


This is a discussion of the behavioral and human factors associated with the development and operation of North Carolina's CARAT (congestion avoidance and reduction for autos and trucks) program. North Carolina Department of Transportation's approach to the human factors component of CARAT is modeled on a Department of Defense initiative called MANPRINT, a program which calls for integration of manpower, personnel, training, system safety and human engineering across the life cycle of a program. This discussion highlights MANPRINT issues in the areas of CARAT system operations and maintenance as well as those pertinent to the vehicle operator.


In the history of Chinese traditional vernacular fiction Hangzhou has played a more important role than any other city, judging from references in titles and statements of authorship. Numerous texts of short vernacular fiction also have Hangzhou, and in particular the city's West Lake, as their backdrop, forming a sizable body of "West Lake fiction", written for the most part during the late Ming period. The present article offers a detailed study of the development and characteristics of this corpus, with a special interest in its regionalism as well as the merging of popular and elite culture and the aspects of urban culture as represented in local customs and mentality. The author also discusses the scene in West Lake fiction. He concludes that Hangzhou's unique position in the history of traditional fiction was mainly due to its rich cultural sedimentation and the strong influence of literati culture, which, however, distanced West Lake fiction from the marketplace where it had originated.


These notes are concerned with the numerical resolution of Partial Differential Equations (PDE) by the Finite Element Method (FEM). Emphasis is placed in the practical numerical resolution of this type of problems by using the free software FreeFem++. Theoretical background is briefly reviewed (without entering in technical details) and a number of examples are given, along with the code. The goal is to introduce in a simple way this difficult (but very interesting in real-world applications) topic to undergraduate students who do not have a solid background both in variational methods and in numerical analysis for PDE.


Data Mining is a tool that helps in understanding the samples extracted with the set of rules and to develop relationships among variables stored in large data set. Mining the knowledge from the database and providing a better solution for a specific problem yields good outcome to the developers. The educational institution focuses on obtaining good results that can be achieved by using the data mining techniques to predict the performance of the students and to impart the quality of education. In this paper, rules are extracted with the help of class association rule mining algorithm. This would help to identify the average and below average learners and to improve their performance to provide superior results. Keywords— Class Association Rules, Classification, Data mining, Knowledge Discovery, Predictive Models


From the medium-term in 1930,writer Lao she began to portray some figures whose character was irresolute,hesitant and dejected like Hamlet.The changes of the characters' idea reflected the author's consideration and exploration of the society,the culture,the nation,the families and love,etc.And we can understand and study Lao she in depth of his ideolgical change and psychological throb.


In order to study on the dyeing dynamics of the microencapsulated disperse dyes in HT dyeing without auxiliaries,the microencapsulated disperse dyes,pure disperse dyes and conventional disperse dyes were used.The diffusion coefficient and diffusion rate were determined by the Film Doll Method;the dyeing velocity,equilibrium dyeing percentage and half-dyeing time were obtained by building the dyeing dynamic model.The results showed that microencapsulating the disperse dyes did not change the disperse dyes' diffusion coefficient and diffusion rate,while it changed the dyeing velocity and half-dyeing time.


Describes a metadata mechanism for location, identification, and delivery of continuous media in the form of digital motion pictures and in the context of a distributed system. The metadata mechanism and supporting protocols are based on the client-server model. The mechanism can be applied to numerous application domains including multimedia-based home entertainment, catalog shopping, distance learning, and distributed-interactive classrooms. We demonstrate the practicality of our the mechanisms through a prototype application based on home entertainment.<<ETX>>


A 2times2 multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) architecture using dual-polarized antennas (DPAs) is considered with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). The performance of DPAs is evaluated for adaptive polarization (AP) transmission techniques in time-varying multipath channels impaired by polarization mode dispersion (PMD) and polarization-dependent loss (PDL). AP transmission techniques considered include power gain maximization, polarization dispersion minimization for interference avoidance, polarization multiplexing with water-filling, and a suboptimal multiplexing strategy that enables direct recovery of the polarization multiplexed streams, thereby simplifying the design of the receiver. Measured time-varying dual-polarized channel realizations from mobile-to-mobile experiments are used to estimate the capacity, diversity, and interference avoidance performance of the adaptive approaches.


Peggy Koopman-Boyden is currently Senior Fellow in Social Gerontology at the National Institute of Demographic and Economic Analysis at the University of Waikato, working on research programmes related to ageing. Sheena Moosa is a PhD student. the motivations of older New Zealanders (aged 65 and over) who live alone, and the strategies they adopt to make their solo lifestyle meaningful. Living alone is usually referred to as residing in a 'single-person household' as a 'solo dweller' (Dickens et al., 2011; Klinenberg, 2012). While living in this way is often seen as contributing to social isolation and loneliness, it does not necessarily mean that the person is socially alone. Research in the United Kingdom and elsewhere has found that, while nearly everyone who was isolated lived alone, not everyone who lived alone was isolated (Rolls et al., 2010). In modern societies we now have people living alone (physically) but with a spouse or partner residing elsewhere with whom they have social contact (living apart together or LAT) (Reimondos, Evans and Gray, 2011). Similarly, there are singletons who live alone but have many social contacts and activities and are not lonely (Birnholtz and Jones-Rounds, 2010). Thus, in studying the phenomenon of living alone Introduction


trajectory for the IRV-2 to compute shape change under the approximation of steady-state ablation. Issues associated with stability of the shape change algorithm caused by explicit time step limits are also discussed.


Coal bed methane is unconventional raw natural gas stored in coal seam with considerable reserves in China. In recent years , as the coal bed methane production , the safety and the use of resources have been paid more attentions. Evaluating coal bed methane content is an urgent problem. A BET adsorption isotherm equa- tion is used to process the experimental data. The various parameters of BET equation under different tempera- tures are obtained ; a theoretical gas content correction factor is proposed , and an evaluation method of actual coal bed methane is established.


Abstract : As a result of Air Force manpower cuts, MAJCOM and Numbered Air Force (NAF) headquarters in USAFE and PACAF merged to form new C-MAJCOM HQ. The mergers impacted the balance between effectiveness and desired efficiency.This author concluded the mergers in USAFE and PACAF gained efficiencies without sacrificing war-fighter effectiveness. Although stress management was adequate and largely driven by OT and E workload, the level of stress in each directorate varied.This paper examines the reorganizations to: Determine efficiencies gained by merging duplicative HQ structures. Determine effectiveness of the reorganized staff. Assess merger impact on personnel stress and operations (OPS) tempo. Assess the balance between efficiencies gained and war-fighter effectiveness expected.Both C-MAJCOMs maintained component responsibilities to their Unified Component Commands as well as fulfilled their Organize, Train and Equip (OT and E) functions by creating battle-rostered staffs and prioritizing work effort. The research identified 371 HQ billets eliminated in USAFE, yielding an annual savings of approximately $41 million, and 152 positions eliminated in HQ PACAF.The author recommends leadership perform an across the directorates work load examination, creating a prioritized rack and stack list of C-MAJCOM roles and responsibilities. After identifying from this list which roles to retain and which to eliminate, based on manpower, further reorganization and reprioritization should occur to balance the stress level across the staff.


By taking the short and medium span beam bridge as an example, its static forecast method and early-warning index system for bridge safety are in research. Evaluation criteria and early-warning grade of bridge technology condition are put forward. Assessment model for bridge safety is set up, based on the BP (Back-Propagation) Neural Network and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). It makes some beneficial attempt for establishing a more serviceable bridge management system.


DEVICE OF AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION VEHICLE FOUR WHEEL DRIVE INCLUDES A TORQUE CONVERTER 2 AN AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION 3 CONNECTED TO A TREE 10 TURBINE OF TORQUE CONVERTER FOR FORWARD POWER SORTIEDU ENGINE TO FRONT WHEELS, ONE DEVICE COUPLING HYDRAULIC 6 TO TRANSMIT OUTPUT POWER TO THE REAR WHEELS, AND HYDRAULIC CONTROL DEVICE 5 TO ACTIVATE ALL. THE CONTROLLER 5 INCLUDES A CONTROL VALVE PRESSURE TO PRODUCE A PRESSURE LINE WHICH VARY THE TERMS OF ENGINE OPERATION AND SWITCHING VALVE DEVICE FOR CLUTCH 6. THE CONTROL DEVICE IS SUITABLE FOR OPERATING 5 DEVICE CLUTCH 6 THROUGH INCREASED PRESSURE LINE, THANKS TO WHAT GOES TRANSMISSION DEVICE AUTOMATICALLY SETTING FOUR WHEEL DRIVE ACCORDING TO DRIVING CONDITIONS.