IMU is used to provide shipborne weapon systems with accurate attitudes and to monitor deck deformation real time. It is worth researching further to optimize the location and number of IMU. The paper presented the principle of multi-IMU layout optimization and created its mathematical model. The IMU layout optimization was solved using Genetic Algorithm. The simulation results show that the number of IMU for shipborne weapon systems is decreased. The layout of shipborne IMU is an important factor that impacts the estimation accuracy of deck deformation, and the estimation accuracy is improved greatly by IMU layout optimization.


The invention discloses a conical microstructure optical fiber high-order mode filter. The conical microstructure optical fiber high-order mode filter is characterized by consisting of a butt end with the same outside diameter at both ends and a waist cone part with the gradually reduced outside diameter at the middle; the length of the butt end with the same outside diameter at both ends is L1 and L5 respectively, wherein, the L1 equals 5-50cm, and the L5 equals 5-50cm; the outside diameter of the butt end is d1, and the d1 equals 25-1000mum; the length of a transitional part with the gradually reduced outside diameter is respectively L2 and L4, wherein, the L2 equals 0.1-10cm and the L4 equals 0.1-10cm; the butt end outside diameter d1of the transitional part with the gradually reduced outside diameter is transited to the thin end outside diameter d2, the cone gradient eta equals (d1-d2)/2L which equals 0.001-1.0, wherein, the d1 is more than the d2; L is the L2 or the L4; the length L3 of the equal outside diameter part at the relatively thin middle part equals 0.1-10cm, and the outside diameter thereof d2 equals 10-200mum. The filter can effectively remove the high-order mode from an optical fiber transmission system with different visible and near infrared wavebands to realize the single mode transmission, the filter can be matched with multimode optical fiber with different outside diameters, and the fiber is characterized by easy coupling and small insertion loss.


Binge drinking is a pattern of intermittent excessive alcohol consumption that is highly prevalent in young people. Neurocognitive dual‐process models have described substance abuse and adolescence risk behaviours as the result of an imbalance between an overactivated affective‐automatic system (related to motivational processing) and damaged and/or immature reflective system (related to cognitive control abilities). Previous studies have evaluated the reflective system of binge drinkers (BDs) through neutral response inhibition tasks and have reported anomalies in theta (4–8 Hz) and beta (12–30 Hz) bands. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of the motivational value of alcohol‐related stimuli on brain functional networks devoted to response inhibition in young BDs. Sixty eight BDs and 78 control participants performed a beverage Go/NoGo task while undergoing electrophysiological recording. Whole cortical brain functional connectivity (FC) was evaluated during successful response inhibition trials (NoGo). BDs exhibited fast‐beta and theta hyperconnectivity in regions related to cognitive control. These responses were modulated differently depending on the motivational content of the stimuli. The increased salience of alcohol‐related stimuli may lead to overactivation of the affective‐automatic system in BDs, and compensatory neural resources of the reflective system will thus be required during response inhibition. In BDs, inhibition of the response to alcohol stimuli may require higher theta FC to facilitate integration of information related to the task goal (withholding a response), while during inhibition of the response to no‐alcoholic stimuli, higher fast‐beta FC would allow to apply top‐down inhibitory control of the information related to the prepotent response.


Cross-country skiing is a sports event with cyclical endurance.It needs the higher level of skiers' psychological and physical power because the time and distance are long with more consumed energy in cross-country skiing.The skiers' fatigue recovery is an important part in skiing training.A right method of fatigue recovery can improve the skiing performance.Considering the training practice of cross-country skiing,the article theoretically analyzes the fatigue mechanism and monitoring method of cross-country skiing.It puts forward some methods of recovery training,nutrition supplement and psychological training,as a theoretic reference for improving the skiers' fatigue recovery.


This paper utilizes American rhetoric and policy toward the uprising and subsequent crackdown in Bahrain to contribute to our understanding of democratic diffusion and authoritarian counter-diffusion by problematizing the role of external actors. As the Bahrain case demonstrates, despite normative priorities to the contrary, when powerful, democratic states feel constrained by a complicated and uncertain security environment, they may acquiesce to and ultimately reinforce an autocratic state's resistance to democratic diffusion. While this may seem at first to be an obvious point, it runs counter to much of the literature on democratic diffusion and autocratic counter-diffusion which often pits democratic democracy promoters against authoritarian resisters. Moreover, there have been a dearth of similar cases, since in most prior circumstances the values and interests of democratic states have been in alignment. Consequently, any consideration of a diffusion process and whether counter-diffusion is or is not effective, must include the national security and realpolitik interests of external actors and how these might conflict with their values.


This chapter contains sections titled: Navigating the Future, The Foundations of the Atlas, Finding a Center in the Dynamic, A Note on Rhetoric


Lists information suppliers that may be helpful to those working in the blindness field. For each supplier gives a brief description of services, procedures for using them and cost.


ABSTRACT Water deficiency is the most prominent constraint for crop production worldwide which is exacerbated by climate change. Developing drought-resistant species is a cost-effective solution to resolve the water lack problems in arid and semi-arid regions. A two-year study was conducted with the aim of developing the cultivation of Lallemantia royleana drought-resistant ecotypes in desert climates. Drought treatments were included control (−0.5 atm), mild (−3.5 atm), moderate (−6.5 atm), and severe (−9.5 atm). Balangu ecotypes were collected from Kalat in Khorasan Razavi province, Zakheh in Kurdistan province, Kondor in Alborz province, and Jupar in Kerman province. The results showed that Kondor and Jupar were drought-resistant ecotypes, and Kalat and Zakheh were drought-sensitive ecotypes. Growth traits, RWC, photosynthetic pigments content, seed yield, seed oil amount, and omega-6 fatty acids contents in all ecotypes decreased in drought conditions. On the contrary, the content of seed mucilage and soluble carbohydrates, the activity of APX, CAT, SOD, and POX, and the amount of phenol and proline increased. However, the drought-tolerant ecotypes produced more dry matter and seed yield under drought conditions. They can use a large amount of photosynthetic energy for biomass and seed production up to −6.5 atm of soil water potential. However, this ability is retained up to −3.5 atm of soil water potential in drought-sensitive ecotypes. Graphical Abstratct


532State immunity — Jurisdictional immunity — Foreign national employed as driver/interpreter by embassy of foreign State — Contract of employment — Claim against embassy for salary arrears — Whether foreign State entitled to jurisdictional immunity — Subordinate nature of employment — Claim relating to purely financial matters — Whether foreign nationality of claimant relevant — The law of Italy


Most traffic accidents happen at intersections of arterial highways without signal control and seriously influence safety of arterial highways. Starting from influence factors causing unsafety of intersections,this paper proposes the concept of standard deviation of facilities at intersections,and calculates standard deviations of geometric features,traffic signs,traffic lines and lighting setup at intersections,respectively. On this basis,the paper considers ideal and actual running states of traffic flow,and establishes ideal evaluation model and correction model of intersections,and further establishes integrated model to make safety evaluation for intersections. In addition,the paper determines weights of all influence factors by means of expert investigation method and analytic hierarchy process,calculates potential degree of risk at intersections according to integrated model and divides safety classes of intersections into classes A ~ D accordingly.


Then if P2(«) is the formula qs ^ a A (3X)B(X, a), P2(a) expresses provability and P2(5 , 2) cannot be proved. (These statements are established under the hypothesis that the system 2 is co-consistent.) A clear explication of the concept of that which is expressed by a formula must be based on an axiomatic treatment of this notion (perhaps along the lines of Church XVII 133). However, it seems fair to say that in one sense, at least, neither formula P1{a) nor Pz(a) expresses the propositional function a is provable; but the former, for example, expresses the proposition a is provable or is equal to q^ , which is a different proposition even though it has the same extension. The direct way to express a is provable is, of course, by the formula (~3x)B(x, a). But the methods of the present paper give no indication as to whether the formula (3x)B(x, q) whose Godel number is denoted by q is provable. LEON HENKIN


PURPOSE: Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interfaces (RPNIs) can be used to treat symptomatic end neuromas that develop after major limb amputation. Symptomatic neuromas occur in approximately 30–40% of individuals after limb loss and phantom limb pain affects 70–95% of these patients. We investigate the potential of prophylactic RPNIs to prevent neuroma formation and to mitigate the experience of phantom limb pain. Furthermore, we examine the potential complications resulting from the addition of prophylactic RPNIs to major limb amputation surgery.


This study aims to analyze which variables affect the commercial loan interest rates that banks use to their customers. The dependent variable used in the study is the commercial loan interest rate, and the independent variables are the inflation rate, deposit interest, dollar rate, and money supply. The data is compiled in CBRT evds sources and the time interval is monthly data between 01/2010-04/2021. The method of the study is the Ardl boundary Test and error correction model used in time series analysis. Within the framework of these models, problems such as trend effect and stasis of series that are frequently encountered in time series analysis were examined. According to the results obtained from the study, the effect of the deposit interest argument on the commercial loan interest rate in the short and long term was greater than that of other variables. It was concluded that inflation, exchange rate and M2 money supply variables had no effect in the long term.The effect of M2 money supply and exchange rate variables on short-term commercial loan interest is significant. It can be said that the effect of the three-period lag value of the exchange rate variable in the short term is also significant.


The study reported here compared the nutritive characteristics of the 3 most common irrigated perennial pasture species grown in northern Victoria as they regrew after defoliation at various times during the year. In addition, the relative influence of changes to the proportions of morphological components and the nutritive characteristics of the individual components on the quality of whole plants was examined. The nutritive characteristics of white clover (Trifolium repens cv. Haifa), ryegrass (Lolium perenne cv. Ellet) and paspalum (Paspalum dilatatum) were examined at weekly intervals on 4 occasions during spring–autumn, 1993–94. On each occasion, pastures were defoliated with a drum mower and allowed to regrow for up to 9 weeks; defoliation dates were 24 September, 26 November, 28 January and 25 March. The variation in estimated metabolisable energy [obtained from in vitro dry matter (DM) digestibility], crude protein and detergent fibre concentrations within species was significantly (P<0.01) less than between clover and the grasses. White clover was consistently high in metabolisable energy (9.3–11.2 MJ/kg DM) and crude protein (17.7–27.7% DM), and low in neutral detergent fibre (27.8–39.8% DM) in all periods. At the other extreme, paspalum had a metabolisable energy content that peaked at 9.3 MJ/kg DM, and fell as low as 7.4 MJ/kg DM. Paspalum also had low protein (7.5–14.7% DM) and very high neutral detergent fibre (61.9–69.9% DM) concentrations. Ryegrass varied greatly in metabolisable energy concentration between the 4 periods, being high in autumn (average of 10.2 MJ/kg DM) and low in summer–autumn (average of 8.4 MJ/kg DM). Metabolisable energy apart, there were few differences in the crude protein and detergent fibre contents of ryegrass and paspalum. Perennial ryegrass is generally considered a superior feed to paspalum, but the data indicate this is not always the case under irrigation in northern Victoria. The nutritive characteristics of the plant fractions (leaf, stem, dead, inflorescence) were analysed separately to give an indication of the limits to selection by grazing cows. Differences in metabolisable energy between leaf and stem in both white clover and perennial ryegrass suggested that grazing dairy cows could consume a pasture diet which is likely to be slightly higher in energy than that in the herbage on offer. With paspalum, this is unlikely to be the case because differences in energy content between plant parts were small. However, with all species, cows should be able to consume herbage that is significantly higher in protein, and lower in detergent fibre, than that on offer because of differences in their concentrations in leaf and stem. The nutritive characteristics of morphological components of each species remained relatively constant throughout the study. Therefore, it would seem that it is the proportions of these fractions in the plant, together with severity of grazing, that will largely determine the degree of selection that can occur.


A rapid identification of milk from goat, ewe and cow was done in the raw milk mixtures by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis method. Two kinds of milk were mixed in the following proportions: 75:25%, 50:50%, 25:75% (V/V). Raw goat milk was adulterated with increasing proportions of cow milk or ewe milk, and ewe milk was adulterated with cow milk. Ewe milk in goat milk was detected by the electrophoretic resolution of the casein fraction whereas cow milk in goat and in ewe milk was identified by the presence of two fast-moving whey proteins.


-The isolation is reported of a component of B. microplus larvae which causes an immediate hypersensitivity reaction in cattle which have been exposed to the tick. It has been purified and shown to be a protein with a mol. wt of approx 60,000. Evidence is also given that the component is an esterase whose irreversible inhibition by the organophosphate reagent, DFP, shows the presence of a serine residue essential for enzymatic activity. I N T R O D U C T I O N At the present time, the immunology of a number of host-parasite relationships is being increasingly investigated. The association between the cattle tick and its host has, however, despite its interesting features, received little attention. Although cattle develop an immunologically-mediated resistance to infestation by the cattle tick, B. microplus (Roberts, 1968a), the nature of the antigens and the types of immunological response involved are unknown. The resistance mechanism is likely to be complex. Complete immunity to infestation is rarely achieved and cattle display a range of fairly stable resistance levels (Roberts, 1968a). The cellular responses in cattle skin to the attachment of larvae and their relationship to host resistance have been described (Schleger et al., 1975). Further, it has been suggested that many of the events observed histologically may be due to the host's reaction to tick antigens (Tatchell, 1969). It seemed likely to us that skin reactions of cattle to tick components would provide a suitable way of investigating those antigens which the tick has injected into the host in the course of natural infestation. Riek (1956, 1962) has reported that animals which have been exposed to ticks show an immediate hypersensitivity to tick extracts which is small or absent in unexposed animals and may increase in intensity with increasing exposure. All stages of the life-cycle of B. microplus could be sources of antigenic material but a major expression of resistance is the rejection of larvae during 'the first 24 hr of the life cycle (Roberts, 1968b). This indicates that the critical antigens must be present at that stage. In this paper therefore, we report the isolation of a component of B. microplus larvae which produces an immediate hypersensitivity reaction in hosts which have been naturally infected with ticks. It is possible that in a parasitic infection a protein which is isolated as an antigen could have additional and possibly non-antigenic sites with some other physiological function. One can only guess at possibilities for such a function, but a likely one is that of a hydrolytic enzyme. We have therefore tried to see if the antigen being purified had an identifiable enzymatic activity. M A T E R I A L S A N D M E T H O D S Sources of materials Fluorescein dibutyrate was obtained from ICN Pharmaceuticals and tritium-labelled di-isopropyl phosphorofluoridate, DFP, 3.9Ci/m-mole, from the Radiochemical Centre, Amersham. Starch for gel electrophoresis, Lot 166-1, was from Connaught Medical Research Laboratories and Cyanogum-41 from BDH. The DEAE-cellulose used was a medium mesh product from Sigma and the Sephadex G-200 was of normal grade. B. microplus larvae were obtained as described by Roberts (1971) and frozen at -20°C, 7-14 days after hatching. Immediate hypersensitivity tests The animals used were Bos taurus cattle which had received substantial natural exposure to ticks. Materials to be tested were diluted in phosphate-buffered saline containing 1 mg/ml bovine serum albumin and 0.1 ml was injected intradermally. The oedematous reaction reached its maximum size between 20 and 30 min after injection and did not alter in size for another 30 min. The diameter was measured in two directions at right angles and the product of these two measurements taken as the result. It was found that, within the useful range of response (a 10-30 mm dia swelling), the size of the reaction was proportional to the logarithm of the amount of material injected. During purification procedures, a standard line was obtained from dilutions of the initial crude extract. Using this, the concentration of antigen in any fraction was related to that in the crude extract, and expressed as the number of/A of crude extract which would give the same sized reaction as one /~1 of the fraction. The response of different animals varied and the standardization with crude antigen was repeated with each animal and usually each series of determinations. Tests for non-specific activity were done in the same way, using cattle which had not been exposed to ticks.


become a dead end of deprivation and alcoholism. Paradoxically, the latter fear likely became more pronounced as the village became more male in composition. To young, ambitious women, few places seemed more stagnant during the Brezhnev years than the Soviet countryside. Finally, Natalya Chernyshova contributes a fascinating study of Soviet shopping. Ranging from the culture of the queue, to letters of complaint, to elaborate, semiofficial networks for bringing foreign goods across the Soviet frontier, Chernyshova depicts a Soviet retail economy that is far more flexible and participatory than previous accounts acknowledge. By the early 1980s, according to Chernyshova, the ability to buy what one wanted correlated strongly with personal satisfaction and fulfillment. Although Chernyshova's emphasis on the dynamism of the retail economy belies the idea of stagnation, her conflation of shopping and happiness suggests no small degree of ideological decay, a central component of stagnation. Thus, like Fürst and Siegelbaum, Chernyshova both challenges and affirms the editors' central interpretive line in Reconsidering Stagnation.


In this paper we examine the spectral moments of the absorption line shapes of aromatic‐ molecule⋅(rare gas)n heteroclusters to provide analytic expressions for the spectral shifts (δν), which are determined by the first moment, and for the homogeneous linewidths (Γ), which are determined by the central second moment (Δ) of the line shape. δν originates from the cumulative contributions of dispersive pair interactions, while Δ and Γ manifest the short‐range dynamic nuclear fluctuations. Our analysis elucidates some of the general features of these spectroscopic observables, e.g., their dependence on the cluster structure and their size dependence, as well as some of their specific characteristics, e.g., their temperature dependence. We predict a weak temperature dependence of δν (=a+bT with b≪a/T) and a strong temperature dependence of Δ(∝T1/2), which is borne out by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We have derived cluster size equations (CSE) relating the spectroscopic observables of the finite clust...


This study aimed at investigating the effect of ontogenetic and diurnal variability on yield and quality criteria of Mentha piperita. The research was conducted in the Ordu province of Turkey for two years. The trial was established in a randomised complete block design with 3 replications according to factorial regulations. Four different harvesting periods (budding, first flowering, 50% flowering, 100% flowering) and three harvesting hours (9:00 a.m., 1:00 p.m., 5:00 p.m.) were evaluated. A significant difference was determined between the trial years in all characters examined: plant height 55.9–69.0 cm, fresh herb yield 3 236–16 438 kg/ha, drug-herb yield 1 748–2 862 kg/ha, fresh leaf yield 3 477–4 506 kg/ha, drug leaf yield 968–1 253 kg/ha, essential oil ratio 2.0–2.5% and essential oil yield that varied between 19–28 L/ha. The highest yields were obtained at the beginning of flowering in drug leaf yield and 100% flowering period for all other characteristics. Diurnal variability was statistically significant only in the rate of essential oil, and the highest rate occurred in the 9:00 a.m. harvest.


The protein composition of the soluble venom from the South American fish‐eating coral snake Micrurus surinamensis surinamensis, here abbreviated M. surinamensis, was separated by RP‐HPLC and 2‐DE, and their components were analyzed by automatic Edman degradation, MALDI‐TOF and ESI‐MS/MS. Approximately 100 different molecules were identified. Sixty‐two components possess molecular masses between 6 and 8 kDa, are basically charged molecules, among which are cytotoxins and neurotoxins lethal to fish (Brachidanios rerio). Six new toxins (abbreviated Ms1–Ms5 and Ms11) were fully sequenced. Amino acid sequences similar to the enzymes phospholipase A2 and amino acid oxidase were identified. Over 20 additional peptides were identified by sequencing minor components of the HPLC separation and from 2‐DE gels. A functional assessment of the physiological activity of the six toxins was also performed by patch clamp using muscular nicotinic acetylcholine receptor assays. Variable degrees of blockade were observed, most of them reversible. The structural and functional data obtained were used for phylogenetic analysis, providing information on some evolutionary aspects of the venom components of this snake. This contribution increases by a factor of two the total number of α‐neurotoxins sequenced from the Micrurus genus in currently available literature.


application." This reprint has been obtained by photoreproduction of the original type and has all the illustrations in a pamphlet attached to the back cover. This obvious disadvantage is alleviated somewhat by the pullout form of the pamphlet, so that (if your desk—or knees —are wide enough) you can study text and figures at the same time. Handling the Big Jets. D. P. Davies. Air Registration Board, Cheltenham. 1967. 247 pp. Illustrations. 30s. To be reviewed. Heroes of the Polar Skies. John Grierson. Heinemann, London. 1967. 179 pp. Illustrations. 21s. To be reviewed. Hydrofoils. Christopher Hook and A. C. Kermode. Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd. 1967. 242 pp. Illustrations. 32s. 6d. To be reviewed. An Introduction to Astrodynamics. Second Edition. Robert M. L. Baker, Jr. and Maud W. Makemson. Academic Press, London. 1967. 439 pp. Illustrations. 11.75 dollars. The second edition of a book first published in 1960 and reviewed in the June 1961 JOURNAL. It was described as "decidedly a reference book for specialists rather than a text book for students"; some of its faults were pointed out, but on the whole attention to detail was good and the book was an important one. In this new edition fresh material is included on lunar and meteoritic background, co-ordinate systems, astrodynamic constants and anomalous luminous phenomena. Know the Weather. K.T.G. Series. Royal Meteorological Society. E.P. Publishing Co Ltd for Educational Productions Ltd, London. 1966. 48 pp. Illustrations. 3s 6d. This booklet is one of the well-established "Know the Game" series and is written, with the collaboration of the Royal Meteorological Society, for the interested layman. It is clearly and attractively presented and will equip him, if he is critical of professional forecasting, to see if he can do better as an amateur. Modern Developments in the Mechanics of Continua. Salamon Eskinazi {Editor). Academic Press, London. 1966. 203 pp. Illustrations. 80s. Twenty-six papers read at the Pinebrook Rheology Conference held in August 1965 and sponsored by Syracuse University. Two of the authors are French, the rest are from the American continent. Both analytical and experimental problems in the general dynamical behaviour of matter are included, special substances are emphasised and most papers represent the viewpoint of rational mechanics. Mosquito. Martin C. Sharp and Michael J. F. Bowyer. Faber and Faber Ltd. London. 1967. 494 pp. Illustrated. 84s. To be reviewed. Physics of Shock Waves and High-Temperature Hydrodynamic Phenomena. Ya. B. Zel'dowich and Yu. P. Raizer. Academic Press, London. 1966. 464 pp. Illustrations. 144s. To be reviewed. Plane Strain Crack Toughness Testing of High Strength Metallic Materials. ASTM Special Technical Publication No. 410. William F. Brown and John E. Srawley. Ameri-


In spite of the recent world-wide recession and its influence on the South African economy, statistics released by the South African Reserve Bank and the National Credit Regulator as well as press reports show that there is still a high incidence of consumer spending in South Africa. Press reports released in January last year stated that consumer spending rocketed during the 2009 festive season, resulting in many consumers being unable to pay their debts. The high incidence of consumer spending causes greater numbers of consumers to become over-indebted. This is illustrated by the number of consumers who applied for debt review in terms of the National Credit Act in the relatively brief period since the Act came into full effect on 1 June 2007.In a report published by the Consumer Debt Committee of the International Federation of Insolvency Practitioners (INSOL International) in May 2001, the view was held that the solution to overspending and over-indebtedness is inter alia to be found in the idea that prevention is better than cure. However, as mentioned elsewhere, South Africa's insolvency legislation is not equal to the task of combating overspending and over-indebtedness. The same holds true for consumer credit legislation that applied in this country for many years before its eventual repeal by South Africa's newest piece of consumer credit legislation, the National Credit Act.


This paper aims at solving the development problem between the inner ecological sensitivity of scenic and the its exploitation given by the city. In this paper, by taking the master planning of Dragon mountain scenic for example, we propose principles of dynamic progressive development, also we try to find Series of develop Strategies to achieve the goal which scenic goes well with the development of city


Objective: To assess the efficacy and the safety of etoricoxib 90 mg daily administered to Korean patients for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis over a 12-week period. Methods: Eighty-nine patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis were administered Etoricoxib 90 mg for 12 weeks. Tender Joint Count (total 68 joints), Swollen Joint Count (total 66 joints), Patient Global Assessment of Disease Activity, and Investigator Global Assessment of Disease Activity were assessed as primary endpoints. Patient Global Assessment of Pain, Health Assessment of Questionnaire (HAQ: disability scales), Patient Global Assessment of Response to Therapy, Investigator Global Assessment of Response to Therapy, and Duration of Morning Stiffness were assessed as secondary endpoints. Those endpoints were assessed at week 2, 4, 8, and 12. Safety was evaluated by physical examination, serum chemistry, blood count, urinalysis, and occurrence of adverse events. Results: Etoricoxib 90 mg showed significant effects compared to baseline, thus the result indicated etoricoxib was clinically effective. Etoricoxib 90 mg showed significant improvement in all efficacy endpoints (primary endpoints and secondary endpoints). Treatment effects for etoricoxib 90 mg were approximately a 7.3 (95% CI 5.8 8.9, P<0.0001) joint reduction in the number of tender joints, 4.8 (95% CI 3.6 6.0, P<0.0001) joint reduction in the number of swollen joints, a 15.4 (95% Cl 12.1 18.7, p<0.0001) mm improvement in the patient global assessment (100 mm VAS) and 1.3 (95% Cl 1.1 1.6, p<0.0001) unit improvement in the investigator global assessment (0 to 4 Likert scale). Treatment effects were observed at the earliest time point of measurement and were maintained over time during the 12-week period. Drug-related clinical adverse events were reported by 22 (24.7%) of 89 safety evaluable subjects. Eight patients discontinued the drug due to clinical adverse events. Frequency of drug-related laboratory abnormalities was low with 2 (2.2%). Nobody discontinued due to laboratory abnormalities. Conclusion: (1) Etoricoxib 90 mg once daily was clinically effective for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in Korea patients. (2) Etoricoxib 90 mg once daily administered to patients with rheumatoid arthritis was generally safe and well tolerated.


Various Internet of Things (IoT) and Industry 4.0 use cases, such as city-wide monitoring or machine control, require low-latency distributed processing of continuous data streams. This fact has boosted research on making Stream Processing Frameworks (SPFs) IoT-ready, meaning that their cloud and IoT service management mechanisms (e.g., task placement, load balancing, algorithm selection) need to consider new requirements, e.g., ultra low latency due to physical interactions. The algorithm selection problem refers to selecting dynamically which internal logic a deployed streaming task should use in case of various alternatives, but it is not sufficiently supported in current SPFs. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first to add this capability to SPFs. Our solution is based on i) architectural extensions of typical SPF middleware, ii) a new schema for characterizing algorithmic performance in the targeted context, and iii) a streaming-specific optimization problem formulation. We implemented our solution as an extension to Apache Storm and demonstrate how it can reduce stream processing latency by up to a factor of 2.9 in the tested scenarios.


Generally, people with disability has the same right to other people. However, in the reality of social living, it is often found they are treated discriminatively. Therefore, law number 13 Year 2003, law number 8 Year 2016, and law number 4 Year 1997 are created accordingly toward regional regulation Number 2 Year 2008 as the policy of Surakarta government in protecting them. This study has purpose to find out and analyze the implementation of Law Number 2 Year 2008, to analyze the implementation of right protection of labors with disability, and to understand and analyze the hindrance in its implementation. The study is done through empirical juridical approach using analytic descriptive. The study results some findings. First, the right of labors with disability has been regulated by Article 45 until 54 of Law of People with Disability Number 08 Year 2016. Second, Article 53 in the Law also states that Regional Government, State-owned Enterprises, Regional-owned Entprise are obliged to employ at least 2%. Beside that, private enterprises is also obliged to employ labors with disability at least 1% from the whole labor's numbers. Third, based on the supervision of the implementation of Regional Regulation Number 2. Year 2008, about administration sanction from the mayor toward any company breaking the reuirements, are not yet realized.


A molecular model previously applied to prenucleation water clusters is used to examine ice Ih embryos. The canonical partition function is evaluated for clusters having from 6 to 64 water molecules. The intermolecular vibrational free energies are extrapolated to clusters containing up to 120 molecules and free energies of formation, nucleation rates, and critical supersaturation ratios are calculated and compared with experiment. For the clusters studied, the ice Ih structure appears to be much less stable at all temperatures than the more spherical clathratelike cluster.


1 Objectives and major themes 3 Definition of concepts 5 Data source: some limitations 6 Filipinos and other ethnic groups on Oahu Diversities within the Filipino community


The genotoxic activity of 15 essential oil constituents used as flavouring agents or cosmetic ingredients was assessed at four concentrations (2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 µl/ml) using the Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen) somatic mutation and recombination test, also known as the wing spot test. Ten of the compounds tested here, namely d-neomenthol, nerol, 1-octen-3-ol, α-terpineol, neryl acetate, terpinyl acetate, p-cymene, α-pinene, β-pinene, α-terpinene were found free of mutagenic or recombinogenic activity, at the applied concentrations. On the other hand, for (1R)-(−)-myrtenol and linalyl acetate, weak positive effects were exhibited even at the lowest concentration. For myrtenyl acetate, weakly positive effects were recorded at the high but not at the low concentrations. The two hydrocarbons, γ-terpinene and terpinolene, showed no genotoxic activity at the low concentrations, but at the high ones they significantly increased the frequency of mutant clones. Results clearly demonstrate differences in activity of positional isomers such as α- and γ-terpinene and terpinolene. Our data suggest the need for re-evaluating the safety of suspect compounds with cross-checked genotoxicity studies and at a range of different concentrations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Orbit determination is essential for space missions, especially for the interplanetary missions. Interplanetary spacecraft orbits are conventionally estimated by processing the observations from the Earth. This ground-based navigation is well-developed but expensive, and it is excessive for reasonable missions, such as interplanetary micro-spacecraft. Therefore, autonomous orbit determination without ground stations will be significant for future interplanetary missions. Satellite-to-satellite tracking (SST) is a measurement to observe the relative range and range-rate between two or more spacecraft, and it is applicable for autonomous orbit determination. Previous studies show that inertial orbits are observable by using only range measurement data if spacecraft are strongly perturbed by the third body (Fig.1), and this method cannot be applied for general problems, such as two body problems. This research proposes new orbit navigation method using SST and active sensing technology (Fig. 2).


The use of aluminium alloys is increasing in the automotive industry and the appearance in recent years of high-power Nd:YAG laser sources enable of welding these materials arouses the interest of car manufacturers [1-7]. This paper presents some general overviews of different applications, which are developed yet by CLFA for RENAULT: hood, space frame, structural parts. Some 5000 / 6000 / AS7G welds have been examined and the main results are presented briefly.The use of aluminium alloys is increasing in the automotive industry and the appearance in recent years of high-power Nd:YAG laser sources enable of welding these materials arouses the interest of car manufacturers [1-7]. This paper presents some general overviews of different applications, which are developed yet by CLFA for RENAULT: hood, space frame, structural parts. Some 5000 / 6000 / AS7G welds have been examined and the main results are presented briefly.


Abstract-In this paper, we propose a simple and novel Dual-edge-trigger flip-flop (DETFF). The design has a simple structure which consists of a XNOR pulse generator and a front end sampling circuit. All Simulations were performed at clock frequency of 800 MHz based on Chartered Semiconductor Manufacturing 0.18-mum CMOS technology. Comparison with some of the latest DETFFs shows that the proposed design can achieve the lowest power consumption and Power-delay-product (PDP). In addition, the proposed design has the least number of transistor and is of the least overall silicon area required.


Visual search in an important aspect of many tasks, but it not well understood how layout design affects visual search. This research uses reaction time data, eye movement data, and computational cognitive modeling to investigate the effect of local density on the visual search of structured layouts of words. Layouts were all-sparse, all-dense, or mixed. Participants found targets in sparse groups faster, and searched sparse groups before dense groups. Participants made slightly more fixations per word in sparse groups, but these were much shorter fixations. The modeling suggests that participants may have attempted to process words within a consistent visual angle regardless of density, but that they were more likely to miss the target if the target was in a dense group. Furthermore, it was found that the participants tended to search sparse groups before dense groups. When combining densities in a layout, it may be beneficial to place important information in sparse groups.


A new species of Myxosporidia (Sporozoa) is described. This parasite occurs in the corium below the scales of the golden shiner, Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill) (Cyprinidae). The name Myxobolus notemigoni sp. n. is suggested and a description of the organism is presented. The parasite is of commercial importance since it detracts from the appearance and market value of its host, an important bait fish. In the course of surveying the diseases and parasites of the golden shiner, one of the principal bait fishes cultured in the United States, the authors encountered an apparently heretofore undescribed myxosporidian. The cysts of the parasite occur under the scales of the host and are readily observed. Among the 30,000 golden shiners which had been harvested from one pond, approximately 20% were infected. Morphology of the spore and the presence of an iodinophilous vacuole place the parasite in the genus Myxobolus. Detailed comparison of data on the present form was made with the published descriptions of North American myxosporidians. Kudo (1920, p. 37) lists ten species of Myxobolus that infect the integument of fishes. Since 1920 approximately 68 new species have been placed in the genus Myxobolus (Kudo, personal communication, 1961). From the literature since 1920 comparisons were made with descriptions given by Bond (1938); Herrick (1936, 1941); Kudo (1929, 1933, 1934); Meglitsch (1937); Nigrelli (1948); Otto and Jahn (1943); Rice and Jahn (1943); and Yasutake and Wood (1957) which include most North American forms. None of these forms have been reported from the golden shiner [Notemnigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill) (Cyprinidae) ]. A limited number infect a similar site in different hosts but are clearly Received for publication 17 December 1963. *This study was sponsored by Southern Illinois University in cooperation with the Illinois Department of Conservation. The assistance of Professor Richard Kudo is gratefully acknowledged. distinguished on the basis of a combination of features including spore size, shape, form and size of cysts, and details of sporogony. The authors consider the present form to be a new species and propose the name Myxobolls notemigoni sp. n. MATERIALS AND METHODS All descriptions are based on parasitized fish obtained from a commercial minnow farm located at Paragould, Arkansas. Live, infected fish were transported to the laboratory and maintained alive throughout the study. Spore dimensions were obtained on both fixed and stained material at a magnification of X 950. Fresh spores were examined in a simple wet mount using a 0.65% NaCl solution. Fixed and stained spores were examined in sections and smear preparations. Heidenhain's iron hematoxylin with an alcoholic eosin counterstain was used for staining both sections and smears. Tissue sections of the body wall of the host were prepared from fish preserved in 10% formalin. Paraffin-embedded tissue was sectioned at 10 to 15 J. The thicker sections were necessary to prevent disruption of the normal relationship between the cyst and the scale of the host. In the description of the organism, special attention is given to spore characteristics since they are the most valuable taxonomic feature (Kudo, 1920). The terminology of orientation and of the structures used to characterize the spores is in accordance with the suggestions set forth and followed by Kudo (1920, and later papers). Description of Myxobolus notemigoni sp. n.


In order to explain the experimentally observed saturation swelling of ABS latex particles by a styrene (St) and acrylonitrile (AN) monomer mixture, a two-phase swelling model is proposed based on the assumption that, in ABS latex particles, poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN) domains are randomly dispersed in a continuous polybutadiene (PB) matrix and that thermodynamic equilibrium for both styrene and acrylonitrile monomers is attained among the SAN domain, PB matrix, and monomer droplet phases, respectively. It is shown that the observed saturation concentrations of St and AN monomers in ABS latex particles consisting of different weight ratios of PB/SAN agree very well with those predicted by this model.


Abstract : This research was conducted to study the retention of armor crewmen skills from the time of training through the early months of job assignment. Performance tests of job tasks were administered to soldiers in two Armor MOS at the end of formal training and again after four to eight months on the job. Proficiency overall remained unchanged from school to the field, but when examined by task category it was found to decline for tasks common to all crewmen and to increase for tasks specific to a crew position. No systematic changes in proficiency occurred as a function of time since training or relevance of job assignment. Results were discussed in terms of task characteristics and procedural factors.


Objective To learn the hygienic status of the secondary water of Minhou county during the recent 10 years and provide scientific basis for supervision and management. Methods Detection data of the secondary water in Minhou was collected, analyzed and evaluated according to the "Hygienic Standardization for Water-Supply Facilities".ResultsThe eligible rate of the secondary water increased from 72.20% in 1996 to 85.52% in 2005 and had an obvious ascending tendency; the eligible rate of the secondary water of the schools was the highest (86.93%) and that of the government units was the lowest (66.35%); the detection results of the samples from different sources indicated significant difference, the eligible rate was the highest in the samples delivered by disinfectant teams, but its reliability was worse. Conclusion The quality of the secondary water in Minhou County improved significantly but is still not satisfactory; effective measures should be taken to strengthen the supervision and management.


Interest to the left-handed DNA conformation has been recently boosted by the findings that a number of proteins contain the Za domain, which has been shown to specifically recognize Z-DNA. The biological function of Za is presently unknown, but it has been suggested that it may specifically direct protein regions of Z-DNA induced by negative supercoiling in actively transcribing genes. Many studies, including a crystal structure in complex with Z-DNA, have focused on the human ADAR1 Za domain in isolation. We have hypothesized that the recognition of a Z-DNA sequence by the Zα A D A R 1 domain is context specific, occurring under energetic conditions, which favor Z-DNA formation. To test this hypothesis, we have applied atomic force microscopy to image Zα A D A R 1 complexed with supercoiled plasmid DNAs. We have demonstrated that the Zα A D A R 1 binds specifically to Z-DNA and preferentially to d(CG) n inserts, which require less energy for Z-DNA induction compared to other sequences. A notable finding is that site-specific Za binding to d(GC) 1 3 or d(GC) 2 C(GC) 1 0 inserts is observed when DNA supercoiling is insufficient to induce Z-DNA formation. These results indicate that Zα A D A R 1 binding facilities the B-to-Z transition and provides additional support to the model that Z-DNA binding proteins may regulate biological processes through structure-specific recognition.


Managing Lifestyles: Survival Math Skills is a series of three computer simulation programs that provide "students with shopping, budgeting, and menu planning situations often encountered in daily living. The interest level spans grades 7-12 while the average reading level is grade 6. The programs are appropriate for individual, group, or class use. Each program requires students to use all basic computation skills as well as problem solving abilities. "Comparison Shopping" challenges students to order a week's supply of food, get the best dollar value, and stay within a $70 budget. Introductory activities, planning and work sheets for the simulations, review questions, and transparency masters are provided to enable the teacher to use the simulation as a group or class learning experience. Practice exercises enable students to review the math operations needed during the program. Users can save their work if they must leave the simulation before completed. "Budget for Success" allows students to select from options pertaining to lifestyle and then provides salaries with expenses, savings, and other financial decisions left to the student. Opportunities are included to plan, use checking accounts and plastic money, spend on luxuries, do banking transactions, make or defer bill payments, and keep accounts for a 6-month period. Introductory activities require up to four class periods prior to the simulation that usually takes a small group of students two or three periods to complete. Skills used in the simulation include basic math, percent and interest rate calculations,


The development of the university and the society calls for scientific research,which is determined by the inherent rules of the development of higher education.Universities are indispensable to scientific research,and university research is characterized by its combination with teaching and other advantages.Research work and teaching in universities and colleges in China are auxiliary to each other;they are beneficial and contradictory to each other at the same time.At present,the fusion of teaching and research work is still unsatisfactory.In order to make both of them progress smoothly,the problems must be solved and the relationship must be straightened out.


Objective To investigate the influence of tetramethypyrazine,pueprarin,Ginkgo flavonoids and notoginsenosides on the formation of microvessels of chicken chorioallantoic membrane(CAM).Methods Chicken embryo of Hailan breed was cultured.The quantity and area of microvessels were observed after application of these drugs on the CAM of chicken embryo cultured for7and5days.Results The number and area of microvessels of CAM decreased after the use of tetramethypyrazine and Ginkgo flavonoids,but pueprarin and notoginsenosides had no such effects.Conclusions Tetramethypyrazine and Ginkgo flavonoids can prevent the formation of microvessels of CAM.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cervical lymph node metastasis develops in approximately 30% to 80% of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. In papillary thyroid carcinoma, lymph node metastasis at presentation do not seem to adversely affect survival, but do increase the risk of loco-regional recurrence. The management of cervical metastasis in thyroid papillary carcinoma ranges from selective removal to a formal comprehensive neck dissection. In this study, we analyzed the pattern of cervical lymph node metastasis and the impact of prognostic variables in oder to plan how to manage the cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: The clinical records and pathological reports of 114 patients who underwent surgery for thyroid papillary carcinoma at the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hanyang university from 1996 to 2002 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Cervical nodal metastasis was found in 57 (50.0%) patients. Occult metastasis was found in 26 (22.8%) patients. Cervical lymph node metastasis was most frequently noted in the level VI (38.6%). The size of primary tumor and extrathyroidal invasion were associated with cervical metastasis. CONCLUSION: Based on our results, it might be suggested that elective central neck dissection is needed for patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma which is larger than 35mm or has extrathyriodal extension


A method to simulate and to estimate the depth of the defects by means of passive thermography is proposed. Two artificial neural networks (ANN) paradigm: multilayer perceptrons (MLP) and radial basis functions (RBF) networks are employed for depth estimation. It has been found from simulation result that the following informative parameters: the maximum temperature within defective area (Tmax-def), the average temperature on the right edge of the defect (Tavg-right), the average temperature on the top edge (Tavg-top), the average temperature within defect area (Tavg-def), and the average temperature within sound area (Tavg-so) have a relation with the spalling defect depth; hence they are proposed and used as input parameters for ANN training. ANN has been tested with trained and untrained data. The result shows a great potential of this paradigm for defect depth estimation in a passive thermography.


This paper focuses on the robustness of node localization in various topological and sparse network.By taking account of the number of 1-hop neighboring nodes,the node position accuracy and the ranging errors,we introduce concepts of node relative localization error and relative reliability,and then propose a robust node localization algorithm based on distributed weighted-multidimensional scaling.It adaptively chooses those neighboring nodes with high relative reliability to join in the node position refinement according to local node density and their relative localization errors within 2 hops,and adopts a weighting scheme proportional to the relative reliability which emphasizes the lowest relative error within the sensor networks.For received signal strength based range measurements,extensive simulation shows that this algorithm can prevent large localization errors from spreading through the networks.Compared with dwMDS(G), this algorithm can decrease iterative times by one half and gain about 5% smaller localization errors in sparse node density or anisotropic topologies.


ABSTRACT During the process of satellite navigation, and also in the many tasks of classical positioning, we need to calculate the corrections to the initial (or approximate) location of the point using precise measurement of distances to the permanent points of reference (reference points). In this paper the authors have provided a way of developing Hausbrandt's equations, on the basis of which the exact coordinates of the point in two-dimensional space can be determined by using the computed correction to the coordinates of the auxiliary point. The authors developed generalised equations for threedimensional space introducing additional fixed point and have presented proof of derived formulas.


Introduction Chapter 1: Information Operations and Strategy 1.1 The Role of Information in Strategy 1.2 Psychological Operations and Public Affairs Chapter 2: Military Media-Management Policy – Vietnam to Iraq 2.1 Pre-Iraq War Media-Management Policy – The 'Restrictive Model' 2.2 Coalition Media-Management in Iraq 2.3 Reporting the Jessica Lynch and Firdos Square Incidents Chapter 3: The Implications of Military-Media Management 3.1 The Legitimacy of Western Propaganda Use 3.2 Conclusion Bibliography 4 6 10 10 18 27 27 33 51 59 59 63


Fluid–Structure Interaction (FSI) is an important phenomenon in many fields. In this study, the Moving Particle Simulation (MPS) along with Finite Element Method (FEM) are coupled together. MPS-FEM coupled method is used as the numerical simulators to estimate the effects for structures by the fluid pressure of the tsunami. This simulator consists of two solvers: fluid analysis and structure analysis. The fluid analysis is based on MPS and the structural part is analyzed by using FEM. In this paper, for verification of the MPS-FEM coupled method, the problem of hydrostatic pressure on a structure is calculated. The results are compared with the theoretical values and the results obtained by the original FEM analysis. We confirmed that the MPS-FEM coupling method can achieve adequate accuracy. Furthermore, the MPS-FEM coupled simulation for the turbine building of Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Station Unit 1 has been done.


Soft‐tissue reconstruction of the feet in diabetic patients with angiopathy, sensorial neuropathy, and immunopathy is a complicated problem. Until the mid‐1980s, chronic foot ulcers in diabetic patients were treated conservatively, because flap surgery was regarded as too risky. However, in recent years, early debridement and flap coverage have become popular reconstructive methods for diabetic foot wounds. Several flap donor sites are available, depending on the nature of the defect. The deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap is a relatively new flap that developed as a modification of the transverse rectus abdominis muscle (TRAM) flap. It provides a large amount of skin and subcutaneous tissue, without the donor‐site morbidity of the ordinary TRAM flap. Furthermore, using the DIEP flap avoids the loss of major vessels. In this study, we report on the successful use of the DIEP flap in four cases of diabetic foot ulceration. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 26: 87–92, 2006.


The recent discovery of two-dimensional Dirac materials, such as graphene and transition-metaldichalcogenides, has raised questions about the treatment of hybrid systems, in which electrons moving in a two-dimensional plane interact via virtual photons from the three-dimensional space. In this case, a projected non-local theory, known as Pseudo-QED, or reduced QED, has shown to provide a correct framework for describing the interactions displayed by these systems. In a related situation, in planar materials exhibiting a superconducting phase, the electromagnetic field has a typical exponential decay that is interpreted as the photons having an effective mass, as a consequence of the Anderson-Higgs mechanism. Here, we use an analogous projection to that used to obtain the pseudo-QED to derive a Pseudo-Proca equivalent model. In terms of this model, we unveil the main effects of attributing a mass to the photons and to the quasi-relativistic electrons. The one-loop radiative corrections to the electron mass, to the photon and to the electron-photon vertex are computed. We calculate the quantum corrections to the electron g-factor and show that it smoothly goes to zero in the limit when the photon mass is much larger than the electron mass. In addition, we correct the results obtained for graphene within Pseudo-QED in the limit when the photon mass vanishes.


Cannabis, or marijuana, has been the subject of much controversy. The authors discuss the neuropharmacology of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). They relate the recent identification of a THC receptor site in the brain and its possible relevance to the existence of a marijuana withdrawal syndrome. Such a withdrawal syndrome is described. The authors conclude by presenting their views on legalization of marijuana. They are against legalization and present their case from a public health perspective.


Students who are financially dependent on parents and financial-independent students are affected by Covid-19. Preventing financial problems can be carried out by good financial literacy. Based on precedent studies, financial literacy in Telkom University students was good; however, in reality, a protest emerged regarding tuition fees, generating a gap between the theory and reality. This study aimed to test a financial literacy argument of Telkom University students and the reality during pandemic. The study employed a quantitative method, verificative description, and purposive non-probability sampling technique. The study respondents amounted to 100 students of Business Administration undergraduate study. Data were analyzed using path analysis. From the hypothesis testing results, the financial literacy variable affected financial attitude, financial inclusion, and financial behavior. The inclusion variable affected and mediated the effect of financial literacy on financial behavior. Meanwhile, financial attitude did not affect and mediate the effect of financial literacy on financial behavior.

Keywords: Financial; Financial Literacy, Financial Attitude; Financial Inclusion; Financial Behavior; Students


In the early phase of a chassis development it is of great importance to establish a suitable concept for the wheel suspension and the surrounding components. If the prerequisites are met in the early phases of development the lead time is shortened, leading to a more effective design loop and lower cost. One way to do this is to standardize some of the components in the suspension. With a library of components to choose from, the development time can be reduced. The purpose of this work was to create initial placeholder models for bushings and ball joints which should be as close as possible to the final component. This is done by creating a library of parametric CAD models that are possible to change with desired characteristics. The work took place at ÅF Automotive and consisted of a pre-study on independent suspensions, where the focus was on the positions for bushings and ball joints. One suspension of each kind, front and rear, were selected to study further. A study was performed of the current market on bushings and ball joints and some components were purchased. Relevant information has been gathered in data sheets and calculations have been made in order to create the models. The calculations are underlying in a spreadsheet and generate values to the parameters which then can be used to modify the CAD models. The end result is a useful increase in precision in size of placeholder models for bushings and ball joints in the early stages of a chassis development. It's a beginning of a library of components for different positions in the suspension that can be extended over time. Preface This bachelor thesis was conducted at Chalmers University of Technology in cooperation with ÅF Automotive between January 2017 and June 2017. The work took place at ÅF Automotive in Trollhättan and we have also had the opportunity to use office space at ÅF's office in Gothenburg. The work has been carried out in cooperation with the Department of Product and Production Development, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden. Examiner of this thesis was Andreas Dagman at Chalmers. The work was supervised by Daniel Bäck and Johan Hällsås at ÅF. We would like to thank Andreas for his guidance and valuable inputs throughout the work. We would also like to thank Daniel and Johan along with other helpful personnel at ÅF for their advice and support during the work.


The article deals with the classification problems and the analysis of material investments. For this purpose, we analyzed the influence of material investments on the economic development of the country, gross domestic product and productivity. A dynamic and structure analysis of material investments in 1997–2008 has been also performed and regulatory and promotional measures for attraction of Lithuanian and foreign investments have been analyzed.


To gain some intuition for how the algorithm works, consider the contest with two players whose cost functions are depicted in Figure 1. The common value of the prize is 1, player 1 has zero costs up to  1  1 and marginal costs 1 starting from  1 , and player 2 has marginal costs 1 starting from 0. 1 This is a special case of the all-pay auctions with head starts considered in Section 4 of the paper. Cost Score 0 a 1 Pl 2 1 1 1-a 1 Pl 1 Figure 1: Players' costs in a two-player contest with valuations and constant marginal costs of 1 and a head start for player 1 The contest's threshold is 1 (equal to player 2's reach), player 1's power is  1 , and player 2's power is 0. Because player 2's costs are increasing at 0, Stage 1 specifies that  0 = 0. By Lemma 1,  2 (0) =  1  1, and Stage 2 shows that CP (0) = {1 2}. Because player 1's costs are constant at 0, the algorithm proceeds to Stage 3, which specifies that A + (0) = {1}. Therefore, the first checkpoint above 0 is ¯  =  1 , and no player's CDF increases in (0  1). From (4) we have that  1 ( 1) =  1. The algorithm proceeds to Stage 2, and we have that CP ( 1) = {1 2}. Because both players' costs are increasing at  1 , the algorithm proceeds to Stage 4, and A + ( 1) = {1 2}. From (5) we have that  1 () = 1− 1 ()  2 ()  1 () = 1− 2 () =  and  2 () =  1 +− 1 =  for scores  in [ 1  ¯ ], where ¯  = 1 is the score at which players' CDFs reach 1. We then have   = 1, and Stage 5 specifies that both players' CDFs equal 1 starting from 1. Players's atoms and densities in the equilibrium are depicted in Figure 2. 1 If  1 ≥ 1, then player 2 has an atom of size 1 at 0 and the algorithm proceeds to Stage 5, which specifies that player 1 has an atom of size 1 at  …


The implementation of e-government is considered as one of the bureaucratic reforms in terms of improving local public services, in Indonesia itself we can trace starting from Presidential Instruction Number 6 of 2001 concerning Telecommunications, Media, and Informatics, until later Presidential Decree Number 20 of 2006 established the National Information and Communication Technology Council with the aim of accelerating the implementation of e-government. Although referring to the 2020 E-Government Development Index (EGDI) assessment survey issued by the United Nations every 2 years, it shows that Indonesia's position is ranked 88th, up from 107th in 2018, the digital divide and inequality of internet access in various regions are inevitable. Taking a case study of Cijantur Village, Rumpin District, Bogor Regency, in order to support digital village program, this study tries to see the extent of the effectiveness of the implementation of website-based E-Service by the local community. Using a qualitative approach with observation data and literature studies collecting data method, this study concluded that the failure of the implementation of website-based e-government in Cijantur village is influenced by many factors including, residents' knowledge about the use of websites, the orientation of e-government development has not targeted the aspect of utilizing digital economy, and the level of community needs, whereas villages that still lack access to digital tools. This research suggests that there must be attention by relevant officials, so that Cijantur village is no longer an isolated village and streghtening construction and infrastructure of Cijantur village and provide a strong internet network to support the progress of the community in the field of technology.


This article analyses the theory and legal basis of project claim by the example of CPI Power Engineering Co.,Ltd's claim management mode and process,and gives the advice for Chinese company on how to start international project claim and improve company management level through claim management.


At a recent coaching conference, Michael Cavanagh confirmed the importance for coaches of understanding the manifestation of mental illness in their clients. Andrew and Carole Buckley's book is therefore timely, coming at a point in the development of coaching, where a recognition of significant knowledge and professional understanding are important to the reputation and continued professionalisation of the industry.


Objective To realize the automation of communicable disease surveillance and reporting in medical institutions in Nanhai district,Foshan.Methods A communicable disease reporting software was installed in the ETONE hospital information management system to automatically identify the doctors' account and actively search their diagnosis in the electronic medical record.Once the preset


We at the National Rural Utilities Cooperative Finance Corporation (CFC) believe that the strategic decisions made by directors of electric cooperatives in the next few years will be critical to the long-term success and visibility of the electric cooperative program. Directors will be called upon to make far reaching decisions that will position electric cooperatives for an increasingly competitive environment. We have no doubt that co-ops can compete and will succeed. But this success will require that the entire electric co-op family work together and build on our strengths. Financing is the last thing your electric cooperative should have to worry about as the electric utility industry enters a period that many believe will result in profound changes. CFC is itself a cooperative - owned and controlled by the nation's electric cooperatives. CFC is also an $8.5 billion financing powerhouse with a solid "double A" credit rating. This credit rating is maintained year in and year out, based on the collective financial strength of electric cooperatives, the equity investments made in CFC by electric cooperatives and the strength that comes from the geographic diversity gained because CFC's members are located in every region of the country. CFC exists only to serve electric cooperatives and to help you to be successful. You are CFC's only owners and your success is the sole focus of all of our efforts. CFC works to provide your cooperative with the lowest cost private capital and expert strategic services to assist your cooperative in positioning itself for the future. CFC's vision is to earn the distinction of being your most important financial partner. What business is your cooperative in and what business should it be in the future? That is perhaps the first question that co-op boards should consider as the electric utility industry enters a period of significant change. This change will create both serious threats and enormous opportunities for electric cooperatives. Nobody knows for certain what specific changes will evolve. Some cooperatives welcome the opportunities that restructuring could bring, while others strongly oppose these potential changes. Whatever approach your cooperative takes on the policy question of whether restructuring is positive or negative, inevitable or unlikely, CFC believes that it would be wise from a business perspective to take a "no regrets" approach and implement those changes that will make sense whether or not electric utility restructuring, along the lines already adopted by some states, is enacted in your state or by the U.S. Congress. There are significant challenges in each of the traditional components of the electric utility industry and in each of these areas CFC is committed to working with cooperatives to find solutions that fit the unique needs of each cooperative. GENERATION This sector is rapidly becoming the most competitive segment of the electric utility business as there is a movement toward market-based pricing rather than traditional cost-based regulated pricing. Wholesale power prices are being driven down, in part, by competition from lower cost non-utility generators. Utilities are preparing for competition by cutting costs, and, in the case of several generation and transmission cooperatives (G&Ts), seeking much needed debt restructuring. There is very little doubt that future success in the electric generation business will require competitive pricing. High cost generators - whether they are co-ops, IOUs or non-utility entities - are likely to experience severe financial stress until they become cost competitive by restructuring their financing, paying down their debt, slashing costs, renegotiating high cost contracts, or otherwise eliminating or minimizing competitive or "stranded" costs. CFC is playing a key role in working with several of our financially troubled G&T members, in partnership with the Rural Utilities Service (RUS). …


A novel anhydrous 2: 1 acid adduct of a betaine derivative, pyridiniopropionate (ppbet), has been prepared, C 16 H 19 N 2 O 4 + .Br − (I). X-ray crystallography revealed that the carboxylate groups of a pair of ppbet molecules are bridged by a proton in an unusual non-coplanar configuration to form a U- shaped dimeric cation [(ppbet) 2 H] + , featuring a very strong hydrogen bond of length 2.450 (6) A


Warwick Lowest Prices! We Get The Local People Of Warwick The Best Deals Around On Luxurious Scented Candles, and More. Buying Online In Warwick Is Easy And


We synthesized azide-containing photoaffinity probe 1 based on the structure of potassium isolespedezate. This probe can be used for catch-and-release-mechanism purification of binding protein for ...


The purpose of this paper is to apply standard normative criteria for judging public sector resource allocation decisions to the rules for determining the distribution by LEAs of budget shares to schools and colleges and for regulating the spending of these budgets by governing bodies. A crucial preliminary issue is the selection of criteria — the criteria used for making such judgements are efficiency, effectiveness, equity, accountability and choice.


The theme of the article is of theoretic and didactic nature, providing the systematization of agro-climatic parameters and coefficients, necessary for the explanation and evaluation of the drought phenomenon, within a precise geographic region. Through interactions and consequences on a social level, economical and political, the drought phenomenon represents an environmental problem, which implies analyses on a global scale, regional, national and local, with the purpose of establishing some specific measures of prevention and control. Therefore, the correct employment of climatic data (elements, parameters and coefficients) represents an effective way of approaching the organization, management, analysis and contrasting of elaborated studies which have as a subject the characterization and detection of the aridity and/or drought phenomenon. The article is based on professional literature, acting as an inventory of the main agro-climatic parameters and coefficients utilised in the assessment of the drought phenomenon, on a national and international scale.


Herein we suggest and experimentally validate a novel thermoacoustic imaging method that relies on near-field exposure of the object to ultrashort impulses of safe radiofrequency energies. The physical rationale behind the Near-field Radiofrequency Tomography (NRT) is the well known ability of biological tissues to absorb a very significant portion of energy when closely coupled to radiofrequency and microwave sources. Compared to existing thermoacoustic imaging implementations, NRT offers a significantly simpler and cost-effective technology that uses high energy impulses instead of expensive and inefficient carrier-frequency amplification methods, making it possible to achieve significantly better imaging resolution without compromising thermoacoustic signal strength.


Summary form only given. This paper argues that it is technologically possible to build artificial brains at relatively low cost. The proposed approach to doing this is to evolve large numbers (tens of thousands) of neural network modules, each with its own simple function, and then interconnect them inside a computer that would execute the neural signaling of the whole brain in real time, performing functions such as controlling the behaviors of a robot. The modules could be configured automatically using evolutionary algorithms, by a successive reconfiguration on field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), placed on commercially available boards such as those offered by Celoxica. These chips could be programmed using high level languages, such as "Handel-C", whose statements are "hardware compiled" into the chip configuring instructions to wire up the chip, speeding-up the execution of instructions. The major challenge of this approach is architecting the artificial brain - how to put 10,000s of evolved neural net modules together to perform a library of controllable behaviors. One potential concern of this approach relates to the anticipated unwanted synergy of inter module neural signaling. While most current artificial brain projects use supercomputers or PC clusters with 1000s of nodes, Moore's law facilitates increasingly larger computational power at low costs, making brain building technically and economically possible. Examples from our efforts in evolving neural modules are presented, along with a critical analysis of the state of the art and realistic assessment of the challenges ahead


A hybrid method consisting of bow-tie-Bayesian network (BT-BN) analysis and fuzzy theory is proposed in this research, in order to support predictive analysis of settlement risk during shield tunnel excavation. We verified the method by running a probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) for a tunnel section in the Wuhan metro system. Firstly, we defined the "normal excavation phase" based on the fuzzy statistical test theory. We eliminated the noise records in the tunnel construction log and extracted the occurrence probability of facility failures from the denoised database. We then obtained the occurrence probability of environmental failures, operational errors, and multiple failures via aggregation of weighted expert opinions. The expert opinions were collected in the form of fuzzy numbers, including triangular numbers and trapezoidal numbers. Afterwards, we performed the BT-BN analysis. We mapped the bow-tie analysis to the Bayesian network and built a causal network PSA model consisting of 16 nodes. Causes of the excessive surface settlement and the resulting surface collapse were determined by bow-tie analysis. The key nodes of accidents were determined by introducing three key measures into the Bayesian inference. Finally, we described the safety measures for the key nodes based on the PSA results. These safety measures were capable of reducing the failure occurrence probability (in one year) of excessive surface settlement by 66%, thus lowering the accident probability caused by excessive surface settlement.


Diel variations in the vertical distribution of copepods were studied in the north coast of Spain and related to the physical and biological structure of the water column. Zooplankton samples were taken at three different stations during a 24 h period, in the proximity of a drogue buoy using a Longhurst Hardy Plankton Recorder (LHPR) sampling net, so that it is assumed that the same water mass was sampled continuously. Physical and other biological parameters were monitored by Conductivity Temperature Depth Recorder (CTD) profiles and vertical Undulating Oceanographic Recorder (UNDULATOR) dips for temperature, salinity, and chlorophyll a. Copepods were counted and classified into seven categories according to their size, and their distribution in the vertical plane was analysed using univariate and multivariate statistical techniques.Vertical distribution of copepods and their developmental stages were mainly determined by chlorophyll distribution and, when a subsurface chlorophyll maximum was present, small copepods and copepodite stages appeared aggregated in this layer. Nocturnal upward movements of the population and an ontogenetic component in the position and behaviour of the community were also important features that characterised the distribution of the community. Those patterns may explain a part of the observed variability of the abundances and distribution of the copepods in the water column. However, the water mass displacement in the 24 h period of study must also be considered as a main variability factor in the spatial and temporal distribution of the zooplankton populations.


A mouse with the function of a joystick comprises a mouse outer shell, a roller, a mouse left button, a mouse right button and a connecting circuit arranged in the mouse outer shell. The mouse is characterized in that the joystick is arranged at the bottom of the mouse outer shell and capable of moving along two opposite sides of the mouse outer shell in a push-pull mode. The mouse with the function of the joystick effectively solves the problem that an existing mouse is singular in function. The joystick is arranged at the bottom of the mouse outer shell and capable of moving along two opposite sides of the mouse outer shell in the push-pull mode, so that when the function of the joystick needs to be used, the joystick is pulled out of the two sides of the mouse to be used as a common joystick; when the function of the joystick is not used, the joystick is pushed into the bottom of the mouse outer shell to be stored, and the mouse can be normally used. The mouse with the function of the joystick can be used as a common mouse and the joystick, has multiple purposes, and is simple in operation and easy to use, and function switching is convenient.


Science is something very precious and very expensive in this day and age, it is not uncommon for people who spend lots of money to seek knowledge in areas of interest. This is an obstacle in the development of science, especially in Indonesia be- cause of the good only for those who have more money. By looking at the fact that it needed a place to seek knowledge such as knowledge of history without having to spend more money. The container is to create an e-learning website, where visitors can search the website as well as practicing science without having to spend more money as registration fees, learning, transport, meals, etc.. In scienti c writing, the author discusses the making of the application site for e-learning the lessons of history with PHP MySQL.


Position and depth (PD) estimation is one of the key characteristics of autonomous robots. Robots are often challenged to visualize an alien environment remotely, alongside the control mechanism, and estimate the PD of objects. For the robot to reach out to an object, it needs to know the object's position in a 3-D space. The design of the robot's vision system is crucial. In this research work, we propose a human intervention-based hybrid approach for estimation of PD of an object. Human intervention in the form of a mouse click on the laser spot of the object image/in the video created by a camera-laser setup is used to estimate the PD of an object. An error correction model is developed and evaluated for better performance of the proposed method. A comparison of the proposed method with that of the image processing method revealed that a hybrid approach is almost 50% better in accuracy. The test results indicate that this method could be very helpful in finding the depth of the object with better accuracy in a teleoperated semiautonomous robot.


In order to investigate the genetic resources status of major tropical chicken species of China,the Guangdong Huang 882、Hainan Li chicken and Wenchang chicken of three populations of 138 individuals was detected with 21 microsatellites loci,the result indicated that the average number of alleles was 12.48 and the number of alleles per locus ranged from 3 to 32,the average heterozygos of the three groups was 0.840、0.768 and 0.825;the average polymorphism information content was 0.809、0.738、0、770 respectively.The study indicate that the Guangdong Huang 882、Hainan Li chicken and Wenchang chicken genetic diversity is rich and genetic variation is high.The results were to provide a scientific basis for the resources protection 、development and utilization of tropical chicken species of China.


Nd solubility is evaluated in SrS- and BaS-Ga2S3 glasses using a series of absorption measurements. The result reveals that Nd up to 2-3mol% can be dissolved in these glasses. Rare-earth solubility in sulfide glasses is discussed in terms of the ionicity of chemical bonds. Raman spectroscopy suggests that Nd ions play a role of modifiers to the networks of GaS4 tetrahedra in a similar manner of the alkaline-earth ions. The limitation of Nd solubility is related to glass-forming ability during the cooling process of alkaline-earth gallium sulfide melts.


This paper firstly introduced the power system and its significance of automation, and then introduced the power system automation classification and performance, describe function and influence of FACTS controller in the power system automation, Parallel type FACTS device, series type FACTS device, mixed type FACTS device, has great development potential in the future. In the related field has a strong reference value.


There has recently been a growing interest in IS innovation research regarding how institutional influences affect organizations' adoption decisions under the label "organizational institutionalism". However, there has been a lack of research regarding institutional influences on individual adopters in non-organizational adoption settings, although institutional theory's foundations apply to decisions made by actors in general. In our paper, we expand the use of institutional theory to also include the impact on individuals in non-organizational settings. We develop three constructs comprising "institutional influences on individual-level innovation adoption" normative, cultural-cognitive, and regulative influences - in a non-organizational setting, and rigorously validate them through a state-of-the-art procedure. Subsequently, we empirically test the measurement model's fit and the constructs' validity and reliability through a web-based survey. We find that institutional individual-level influences' impact on behavioral intention is mediated through performance expectations, which is in contrast with their direct impact on intention in organizational settings.


The aim of the current investigation is to discuss the behavior of mixed convection magnetohydrodynamic flow of Eyring–Powell nanoliquid subjected to gyrotactic microorganisms over a stretchable cylinder. Energy communication is developed through the first law of thermodynamics and deliberated in the manifestation of viscous dissipation. Furthermore, Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects are also considered. Nonlinear system of partial differential equations is altered into ordinary one due to employing transformations. The given systems are then solved through ND-solve technique. Impact of influential variables on velocity, motile microorganism's temperature, and concentration is deliberated graphically. Skin friction coefficient, mass transfer rate, density number, and Nusselt number are numerically computed versus different influential variables. Velocity and temperature have opposite impact for curvature parameter. For higher estimation of fluid parameter, temperature and velocity fields boost up.


ABSTRACT A new kind of inorganic membrane featuring H2 permeability of 10â6mol/(m2a) magnitude and H2/EB selectivity over 75 is applied in a membrane reactor for dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene (EB) to styrene. At a temperature range of 560–600âC, an EB liquid hour space velocity (LHSV) of 0.5–1.0/hour and a water/EB molar ratio of 9.86–16.42, the membrane reactor improves styrene yield to a maximum of 21.5% and a top per-pass stryrene yield of 75%, which is 10% above that obtained in a fixed bed.


Corneal ectasias including keratoconus, post-LASIK keratectasia, pellucid marginal degeneration, Terrien's marginal degeneration and keratoglobus are a group of disorders in which refractive instability occurring with progressive structural deformation of corneal shape. As valuable and indispensable tools for basic research, disease models could enable researchers to better understand the pathophysiology of corneal ectasias and to verify hypotheses of pathogenesis, as well as to evaluate potential treatments. The common disease models of corneal ectasia include post-LASIK keratectasia animal model, rodent model for hereditary keratoconus, finite element models and in vitro models of corneal ectasia, which has the merits and faults of each. However, there is still not a suitable animal model for the corneal ectasia for basic research. (Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2016, 40: 246-251)

Key words:
corneal ectasia; disease model; keratoconus


This paper offers a comparative study of two pieces of short stories: namely, James Joyce's "Araby" and Alice Munro's "How I Met my husband" from the perspective of literary genre Bildungsroman. The protagonists' development from innocence to maturity according to the three distinctive features of Bildungsroman are discussed, and the focus is on the similarities revealed in both stories when the protagonists try to pursue order and value in their growth and struggles. Specifically, two pairs of conflicts will be discussed: the confrontation between the child and adult worlds and the impingement of the reality on the ideal.


While Role Based Access Control (RBAC) has been a popular topic of research over the last several years, there are some gaps in the literature that have been waiting to be addressed. One of these gaps involves the application of RBAC to free and open source software (FOSS). With the prevalence of FOSS in most information systems growing rapidly, there is a need to be able to provide a level of confidence that the software will not compromise the data integrity of an environment, nor will it enable the violation of established access controls. Additionally, when utilizing FOSS software it is desirable to do so without having to modify its source code whenever an update is released in order to maintain a secure environment; this makes adding proprietary modules both time consuming and expensive. The challenges involved in maintaining proprietary changes to FOSS generates a particular interest in an RBAC environment that could be deployed without requiring modification to the source code. Developing this type of a framework presented a significant challenge due to the software having been established prior to the definition of any security requirements that would have to be applied by the proposed framework.
What this research paper shows are the results of the development of a software framework that allowed security requirements engineering to seamlessly meld with an application after it had already been developed. This framework provided a mechanism to measurably reduce the attack surface of the application against which the framework was implemented, while performing these tasks without requiring alterations to the source code of the application. Additionally, this research introduced a mechanism that was utilized to measure the effectiveness of the framework. This mechanism provided a means of comparing the relative effectiveness of different frameworks against the same software, as well as the effectiveness of a framework against different pieces of software.


Fort that encloses the Palace area since the beginning of construction has
a defensive function and symbolic. With the beginning of the collapse of the fort, it
became lost the defensive function as building defenses, although the symbolic
function can still be perceived ascircumsribe the Palace area.
The collapse of the fort makes any space in the former fortress which later
developed into a series of residential buildings. By using inductive qualitative
methodology, this study was conducted to determine how the process of
development and function of the physical building in the fort area of the former
sultan's palace, why these developments occurred, and the factors that influence.
The development of function that occurs is closely related to economic
development, where its influence is greater than the influence of culture. While
physical development can be classified into the three-way development and nine
types of development. Several factors affect the development of physical function
and are classified into two, namely (1) interms of the direction and type of
building development, and (2) of the local aspects of culture.


Chen and Cheung [C.-P. Chen, W.-S. Cheung, Sharpness of Wilker and Huygens type inequalities, J. Inequal. Appl. 2012 (2012) 72, \url{this http URL}] established sharp Wilker and Huygens-type inequalities. These authors also proposed three conjectures on Wilker and Huygens-type inequalities. In this paper, we consider these conjectures. We also present sharp Wilker and Huygens-type inequalities.


A novel antenna design is presented for operation at 5.8 GHz with omni-directional pattern characteristics. The antenna employs square loop geometry of one wavelength perimeter. The loop is partitioned with capacitive elements in order to minimize phase variations in the current flow and thereby enhance the radiation efficiency. Five capacitive elements are used to achieve optimal loop current flow, resulting in phase variations smaller than ± 6°. The performance of the antenna is first analyzed with a thin-wire antenna using method of moments (MoM) solver and later validated using a custom finite difference time domain (FDTD) package. The calculated radiation pattern in the plane of the loop is close to omni-directional with directive gain of 1.5 dBi. A printed circuit antenna is manufactured with alternating top- and bottom-layer conductors, with the overlapped regions acting as physical capacitors. The measured radiation patterns of the printed antenna confirm the predicted omni-directional behavior in the equatorial plane, while the input impedance demonstrates a close match to 50 Ω. The mean value of the gain is 2.15 dB at 5.869 GHz. A second printed antenna, having top- layer conductors only and gap capacitors, is simulated using finite element (FEM) software, and the performance is nearly omni-directional with a directive gain of 1.66 dBi. Both designs are very sensitive to the dimensions of the physical capacitors and require a highly accurate method of fabrication.


In accordance with the false input for several times of 321 standby circuit breaker in 10 kV power through line in Xiaoningbei substation of Su-Huang railway that causes the interconnection with its adjacent substation, the paper analyzes the causes of abnormal tripping, finds out the reasons of false input and proposes solutions that are able to guarantee the normal power supply of railways.


Mtthlreiter (1928) pointed out the curve symbol as one of the methods to identify the rightness or leftness of the tooth. This is an important element in the plaster sculpture, yet the rnatters relating to the curve syrnbol such as the angle to compose the curve symbol, its position or the relationship with the adjacent tooth have not been explained at all so far. In order to obtain effective guides for dental anatomy by the study of this subject, the author have investigated the extracted anterior right maxillary teeth, collecting 23 central incisors, 10 lateral incisors and 12 canines. Their crown lengths were transversally separated into 12 sections of even space, the contour line of each separated section recorded by the contracer, and the ang!es formed by the curvatures from the Iabial to the mesial direction and that from the labial to the distal direction were also recorded. The date thus obtained were examined from various view points, and the following conclusions have been reached in due consideration: 1. In the study of the contours by the incisal aspect, the average mesial curvature angle of the central incisor is 123.40, 5.40 less than the distal curvature angle


Even though India has 14,500 km of navigable waterways, inland water transport (IWT) plays only a marginal role in the transport sector. Although the total cargo market in 2000 was 1,000 billion tonne kilometers, cargo movement by IWT was only about 1.5 billion tonne kilometers (i.e., a modal share of 0.15%). In India, IWT has great potential as an economical and eco-friendly mode of transport, if the necessary infrastructure investment is made in fairways, terminals, vessels, and navigational aids. A pilot study was conducted on two major national waterways, NW1 (Ganges–Bhagirathi–Hoogly River system) and NW2 (Brahamaputra River system) to determine the viability of such investments, in terms of not only financial but also potential economic gains. Certain tangible gains were quantified along with intangible social and environmental benefits. Measured as economic internal rate of return (EIRR), the project feasibility was determined to be 17%, with a positive net present value of Rs 2,290 million (1 Re = $0.025 in 2007 U.S. dollars) and a benefit–cost ratio of 1.81 at a 10% discount rate. Thus, this project also meets the World Bank norms for feasibility of public utility projects (i.e., an EIRR of 5% or more). These findings reinforce the conclusion that the government of India should undertake rapid and massive efforts for national IWT development in its 10th and 11th Five Year Plans.


The sympatholytic substance Clonidin (Isoglaucon) that lowers the intraocular pressure as well as the general blood pressure was tested on a small but homogenous group of patients. This group consisted of 11 middle aged male patients with wide angle glaucoma, elevated blood pressure and sympathicotonia. The intraocular pressure was well controlled in 9 of these, and sufficiently lowered in the remaining two. At the same time the general blood pressure was consistently lowered to some extent and the sympathicotonia improved.


PurposeThis paper seeks to assess the performance levels of BA-GS-LSSVM compared to popular standalone algorithms used to build NO2 prediction models. The purpose of this paper is to pre-process a relatively large data of NO2 from Internet of Thing (IoT) sensors with time-corresponding weather and traffic data and to use the data to develop NO2 prediction models using BA-GS-LSSVM and popular standalone algorithms to allow for a fair comparison.Design/methodology/approachThis research installed and used data from 14 IoT emission sensors to develop machine learning predictive models for NO2 pollution concentration. The authors used big data analytics infrastructure to retrieve the large volume of data collected in tens of seconds for over 5 months. Weather data from the UK meteorology department and traffic data from the department for transport were collected and merged for the corresponding time and location where the pollution sensors exist.FindingsThe results show that the hybrid BA-GS-LSSVM outperforms all other standalone machine learning predictive Model for NO2 pollution.Practical implicationsThis paper's hybrid model provides a basis for giving an informed decision on the NO2 pollutant avoidance system.Originality/valueThis research installed and used data from 14 IoT emission sensors to develop machine learning predictive models for NO2 pollution concentration.


Based on the value chain,the thesis researches the combination of financial management and management accounting.It expounds that value movement is the researching object,and points out that,from the viewpoint of value chain,there are intensive relations between financial management and management accounting,and there is a long-term beneficial combination between them in the performance assessment system.


The increasing demand for thin-film transistors (TFTs) technologies with improved carrier mobility and operating stability has been the driving force behind the tremendous progressed witnessed in recent years in the field of organic TFTs (OTFTs). A common approach towards this goal has been the development of new compounds with improved charge transporting and processing characteristics. In this presentation, I will discuss an alternative strategy to materials, and ultimately OTFT and integrated circuits, development based on the use of molecular additives in combination with advanced semiconducting blends composed of a small-molecule and a polymer binder material. I will describe how the incorporation of different types of additives can lead to semiconducting systems, and ultimately OTFTs, that combine highly attractive features such processing versatility, high carrier mobility and enhanced bias stability. The role of the molecular additives and the underlying mechanism responsible for the performance enhancement observed in several different blend systems will also be discussed.