Flower buds of the mulberry(Morus alba L., Morus bombycis Koidz.) were cultured under different conditions such as basal media, and various concentrations of plant growth substances. Effects of the culture conditions on growth of the buds and organ regeneration were investigated and the result obtained are as follows: Murashige and Skoog(M.S.) medium was more effective on budding and growth of female(Keomseolppong) and male(Kaeryangppong) flower buds isolated directly from branches, compared to Greshoff & Doy(G.D.) and Wolter & Skog(W.S.) media. The growth of the female buds was promoted at higher concetration of benzyl amino purine(BAP) i.e., 2.0ppm. The female and male buds cultured after cuuting for seven days showed better growth than those without cutting treatment. The females and the males bloomed to form healthy stigmas and anthers, respectively, when cultured on M.S. media containing high Kinetin with low concentration of indole acetic acid(IAA).


To promote inclusion of students with marginalized identities, districts need to develop comprehensive inclusive computing pathways across grade levels. Working in a Research Practice Partnership (RPP), we have co-designed a district-facing toolkit to support the creation of these pathways. In this poster, we present both the CT Pathways Toolkit and results from four districts piloting it. We examine the experiences of the pilot districts and analyze trends in the toolkit's use. This work expands knowledge about building inclusive computing pathways and computational thinking (CT) integration within K-12 schools.


Conti Construction Company partnered with the New Jersey Department of Transportation in the development of a new lighting specification for work zones. Consultants from General Electric helped design the hydraulically operated lighting system for pavers, which allows four 150-watt "stadium lights" to be moved up and down and the lighting angles to be changed as needed. Diffusers were added to cut glare. The pavers also have 300-watt side lights and auger lights. The cost of improved equipment lighting is more than offset by the improved construction quality made possible by better illumination of the worksite.


This study aims at investigating the thermal vibration characteristics of sandwich cylindrical shells consisting of two surface layers crafted from functionally graded materials (FGMs) and a central metal core layer. The sandwich cylindrical shells with FGMs surface layers, with and without porosity, are modelled by using the Kirchhoff–Love shell theory. A porosity function composed of three distinct parts is introduced, including the core-to-thickness ratio, porosity volume fraction, and porosity distribution function. Through the function, the significant effects of porosity that varies with the mixing degree of constituent materials can be analyzed. The material properties are assumed to be temperature-dependent and they show continuous graded variation along the thickness direction. A theoretical approach for analyzing thermal strain energy in the cylindrical shells subjected to thermal environments is established by incorporating Green's nonlinear strains. The governing equations are derived by applying Hamilton's principle. Subsequently, analytical solutions for the system's natural frequencies are determined. Further, to validate the analytical results, a comparative analysis is conducted, drawing upon numerical simulations and other data available in the open literature. Additionally, the thermal vibration characteristics of the composite shell structures are examined in a comprehensive study with respect to various parameters such as porosity type, porosity volume fraction, core-to-thickness ratio, power-law exponent, and temperature changes.


As woven fabric composites become more popular in the aerospace and automotive industries, it becomes important to understand how various fiber reinforced laminated composites react to structural loadings. This paper presents a method to obtain the effective stiffness tensor of a woven fiber composite lamina through finite element analysis (FEA) of a representative volume element (RVE) through the use of a novel approach that allows individual finite elements to contain multiple materials. Typical meshing within the RVE is complicated by the undulation of the fiber tows within the RVE, and this paper introduces a unique formulation of two multimaterial finite elements (MMEs) that allows the meshing to be performed independent of the woven geometry within the RVE. The methods introduced are formed by constructing a stiffness based correction factor to the multi-point Gauss integration during the formulation of the elemental stiffness. The results presented in this work demonstrate the methods for a woven fabric geometry similar to that found in many glass and carbon fiber laminates. Preliminary results for the stiffness tensor components show very good agreement with results obtained doing the full geometry dependent analysis using a commercial software package. Results for the material stiffness tensor components and the associated stiffness coefficients (i.e., Young's moduli, Shear moduli, etc.) are presented to compare the stiffness tensor components from the proposed MMEs against published experimental results, the full finite element model, and alternative material independent elements. In all cases, the proposed method is either better than or equal to alternative material independent elements. Background Woven fiber composites are becoming more popular in the automotive and aerospace industries today. Because of their height stiffness-to-weight ratio, they are being increasingly used in structural applications to replace heavier metals, often with the consideration being an improvement in the fuel efficiency. Therefore, there is an increasing desire to predict the stiffness and failure properties of these heterogeneous woven composite structures for design purposes. One means of performing this analysis is through the use of analytic methods, where woven properties of a composite is described through the use of geometric functions. Classical laminate theory (CLT) provides a foundation by which many analytic micromechanical models are based upon (see e.g., [1] for a presentation of CLT). Ishikawa and Chou [2] developed a mosaic model based on simplified woven geometries for a material response caused by loading in one direction. Naik and Shembekar [3] improved upon the work of Ishikawa and Chou by accounting for the fiber structure perpendicular to the loading direction. They developed a closed-form analytic method that takes into account fiber undulation in both the fill and warp directions. Scida, et al. [4, 5], extended the work of Naik and Ganesh in a model called MESOTEX that can be used to study composites with weave types other than plain weave (i.e., twill and satin weave) composites. More recently, analytic micromechanical models, such as that presented by Zuo and Xie [6], have been used to optimize the effective stiffness of woven composites through the alteration of a


MgO nanoparticles were prepared by using a direct deposition method, in which, the precursor, alkaline magnesium carbonate/paraffin, was firstly obtained by direct precipitation of the mixture of MgCl2·6H2O and Na2CO3 in paraffin emulsion, and then calcined at 600℃. The nanoparticles were characterized by using TG-DTA, FTIR, XRD, BET and FESEM. Under the optimum conditions, the as-prepared MgO nanoparticles were hexagonal crystals with a uniform size of around 60 nm and a specific surface area of 132.54 m 2 ·g −1 . The optimum preparation conditions were: MgCl2·6H2O concentration, 0.6 mol·L −1 ; Na2CO3 concentration, 0.6 mol·L −1 ; reaction time, 0.5 h; calcination temperature, 600℃, and calcination time, 3 h.


WASHINGTON, D.C. -- Some pharmaceutical companies are dropping Patient Assistance Programs (PAPs) for seniors who enroll in the Medicare drug benefit program. They fear they'll be hit with fraud charges by the Office of the Inspector General (OIG) at HHS if they provide free or low-cost drugs to Medicare beneficiaries enrolled in prescription drug plans.


To thre Ediror: L aparo-endoscopic inguinal hernia repair have the advantage of faster recovery times, lower chronic pain. There is an ongoing debate about the mesh type best suited for laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair. The recent study by Bakker et al concluded that heavyweight mesh (HWM) should be used in laparo-endoscopic repairs of direct or large inguinal hernias to reduce recurrence rates, and that lightweight mesh (LWM) provides no benefit in indirect hernias. Furthermore, the authors also made valuable subgroup analysis, and showed that the increased recurrence with LWM disappeared when mesh fixation used. We agree with the author's nice interpretation on mesh choice for laparo-endoscopic inguinal hernia repair based on randomized control trials studies, however, we want to look into the underlying mechanism of the author's present findings, and furthermore, we aim to provide the possible and definite resolution to this problem, therefore, several comments on this topic were addressed. First, about the recurrence mechanism. Unlike the recurrence after incisional hernias, which may be associated with the enlargement of defect, the mesh-fascia disruption, or multiple defects, the mechanism of inguinal hernia recurrence after laparo-endoscopic repair with LWM is largely due to mesh dislocation or mesh protrusion, as it is more likely that a less strong LWM will protrude if the primary direct or indirect defect is large, which may occur in the early postoperative period, before the fibrotic response and subsequent fixation of mesh just stared, or occur gradually several months later. Consequently, the recurrent inguinal hernia was usually present with the same size as nonoperated, which indicates a technique failure. Second, about the mesh fixation. The Surg. 2018;1:55–59.


Abstract : The purpose of this project is to provide a simulation which includes communication structures during a terrorist attack. Different communication patterns will provide different results in terms of effectiveness and efficiency. We are planning to identify some key variables to form an effective network structure in a military action. According to key variables of an organization, centralized and decentralized structures produce different communication patterns and different outputs as well. In a combat environment these different patterns will result in distinct results in terms of effectiveness and efficiency. This environment can be modeled by the help of software like Arena. As a part of the Global War on Terrorism NATO forces are conducting operations in Afghanistan. To enhance stability in Afghanistan, NATO established PRTs (Provincial Reconstruction Teams) composed of multinational elements (partly civilian, but mostly military. These teams are static, and form potential targets for terrorist attacks. We will use PRTs in our model as the target of the terrorists and try to discriminate communication structures in these ambush scenarios.


GENERAL SIR JOHN KOTELAWALA DEFENCE UNIVERSITY 11th INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH CONFERENCE 31 aPPLicaBiLity of Allium cepa test to assess the Degree of PhytoreMeDiation of soiL contaMinateD with UseD LUBricating oiL By Using Crotalaria retusa L. SS Walakulu Gamage1, K Masakorala1#, MT Brown2 and


Metal hydride catalyzed hydrocarbonation of alkenes is an efficient approach to construct new carbon-carbon bonds employing readily available alkenes. However, the regioselectivity of hydrocarbonation remains challenging to control. In nickel hydride (NiH) catalyzed hydrocarbonation, linear selectivity is most often obtained due to the relative stability of the linear Ni-alkyl intermediate over its branch counterpart. Here we show the boronic pinacol ester (Bpin) group directs Ni-catalyzed hydrocarbonation at its adjacent carbon center, resulting in formal branch selectivity. Both alkyl and aryl halides can be used as electrophiles in this hydrocarbonation, providing access to a wide range of secondary alkyl Bpin derivatives, which are valuable building blocks in synthetic chemistry. The utility of the method is demonstrated in late-stage functionalization of natural products and drug molecules, synthesis of an anticancer agent, and iterative synthesis.


Two studies are reported on factors influencing indoor pollution levels. In the first, two mass balance computer models, CONTAM87 and CONTAM88, were used to estimate indoor pollution levels for a hypothetical four story building exposed to measured outdoor ozone (O3) concentrations for a 24-hour period. The building contained 50 rooms; exterior rooms contained windows, interior rooms did not. Modeled indoor concentrations indicated that ozone levels generally decreased along a partial cross section from peripheral rooms actually experience lower ozone concentrations than interior rooms. CONTAM88 analysis also revealed that simple actions such as opening interior office doors could significantly change indoor ozone distribution. In the second, a sensitivity study was conducted to quantify the factors affecting serial correlation in the time series of indoor pollution levels. Further, the authors investigated in a very preliminary way the use of personal exposure monitoring data to infer the values of variables needed to estimate indoor concentrations, such as the rates of air exchange, pollutant removal, and pollutant generation.


Bruno do Nascimento Sutil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6934-5897 PhD student at the Postgraduate Program in Administration of the Getúlio Vargas Foundation (EAESP/FGV) Master in Administration from the Getúlio Vargas Foundation (EAESP/FGV) firstname.lastname@example.com ABSTRACT The purpose of this essay was to reflect on the use of algorithms by organizations, especially in the mediation of work management, that has resulted in a model named algocracy. This system is guided by the search for efficiency and legitimized by the new information and communication technologies, affecting work relationships, organizational structures, and cultural, economic, social, and political aspects. For such reflection, we observed this algorithmic management model through the lens of critical management studies. We argue that the neoliberal context camouflages disparities between organizations and workers by legitimizing the ideology of flexibility and using algorithms to capture data, process it, and decide on workers' activities and assessments.


Aim : This study was designed to evaluate the clinical and biochemical effects of combination of hyaluronic acid and metronidazole as an adjunctive treatment of periodontitis. Subjects and methods : Forty patients with stage I to stage II, grade A periodontitis were selected from the out-patient clinic, Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch. They were divided into four equal groups. Group I received conventional periodontal therapy alone, group II received conventional periodontal therapy with intra pocket application of hyaluronic acid gel (GENGIGEL) 0.2%, group III received conventional periodontal therapy with intra pocket application of metronidazole (25%) and group IV received conventional periodontal therapy with intra pocket application of combination of hyaluronic acid (0.2%) and metronidazole (25%). All patients were evaluated clinically at baseline, 3 and 6 months and biochemical evaluation was done at baseline,1 and 3 months to evaluate the IL-1β level in GCF. Results : All groups showed statistically significant differences at the different intervals in all clinical parameters (PI, GI, PD, CAL) and IL-1β level in GCF. Inter-groups comparison with respect to clinical and biochemical changes showed that Combination gel was the best. Conclusion : The combination of hyaluronic acid and metronidazole achieve superior effects as adjunctive therapy in improving the clinical and biochemical parameters in the treatment of periodontitis. periodontal disease is tooth loss (2) . Periodontopathic bacteria induce host immune response to secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines that play a role in periodontal tissue destruction (3) .


Accurate predictions of broadband noise generated by fan-wake-OGV (Outlet Guide Vane) interaction remain challenging due to the wide range of acoustic and turbulent length-scales. Parameters such as the OGV vane thickness, fan wake structure, and advance ratio may affect the sound generation and propagation characteristics. A systematic study of these design parameters via full-scale and three-dimensional simulations is not convenient as it will inherit a significant computational cost. In this work, the fan and OGV geometry is represented as an unwrapped twodimensional cascade with periodic upper and lower boundaries. A two-dimensional Euler solver with a hybrid sliding grid method is applied to account for the fan-OGV motion, and isotropic turbulence is synthesised and injected upstream of sliding surface to model the fan-wake. The numerical results are compared to an analytical model that is an extension of Amiet's flat-plate noise model to a cascade of flat plates.


Cabbage seedlings were transplanted to 1-row plots located at Fayetteville, AR, on 5 Apr. Plots were separated by 6 ft bare ground and each plot held 11 plants at 2-ft intervals. Experimental design was a randomized complete block (10 treatments × 4 replications). Sprays were applied 28 Apr, 15 May and 15 Jun with a hand held CO2 sprayer equipped with one Spraying Systems 8003 nozzle and calibrated to deliver 10.4 gpa. Imported cabbageworms were counted on each plant on 1, 5, 12 and 17 May and 19 Jun. Plants were rated for foliar damage 12 May and 6 Jul.


In the present work, a simple, green, rapid, and catalyst-free procedure for the synthesis of benzamide derivatives by ring opening of azlactones with diamines such as ethylene diamine and 1,3-propylenediamine is described. The present method offers several advantages such as short reaction times, easy work-up, and mild reaction conditions in the absence of catalyst and any toxic solvent and material. In addition, the structure obtained by X-ray crystallography was compared with the theoretical results obtained by density functional theory using the B3LYP functional and cc-pVDZ basis sets.


We have studied magnetic behaviour of pulsed laser grown epitaxial thin film of layered compound Sr1.5Pr0.5CoO4 (SPCO) on LaAlO3 [001] substrate. Co-2p core level x-ray photoemission spectra mimics the mixed valence state of Co in the grown film. Arrot plots analysis implies that the magnetization of the system obeys mean field type behavior. Our study suggests that the low temperature magnetic behavior of SPCO can be classified as anisotropic ferromagnetic state, manifested through the analysis of thermo-magnetic irreversibility and cusp in ZFC magnetization (M–T) as well as absence of zero field cooled memory effect. In addition, our study confirms that there is no exchange bias effect in the material. Time dependence of the magnetization relaxation behavior reveals the existence of multiple metastable magnetic states in the system. Slow relaxation of magnetization and aging effect are found to be described by a hierarchical model.


A method to avoid collisions for LAMOST sub-syst em (including 19 Units) is briefly introduced. According to this method, proper im age assignment and preparatory processing can decrease the probability of mech anical collisions. Further more, collisions can be detected and eliminated throu gh a retreat algorithm. Finally the ways of allocating images and the running ro utes of all units are obtained. It ensures that there is no mechanical collision during observations and higher observation efficiency can be achieved. Software simulation indicates that the observation planning method can meet the Sub-sys tem's need and it is definitely valuable for the whole parallel controllable opt ical fiber positioning system (including 4,000 Units).


A few months ago the Pakistani Twittersphere went ballistic when Maryam Nawaz, daughter of former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif, declared herself a part of "Ruling Family," thus suggesting as if she and her family, somehow, should enjoy some special privileges and rights within Pakistan. In a democracy, of course, such ideas are absurd, but sadly some major political parties in Pakistan are built as dynasties and while the average workers may get a chance to advance to a certain level, the top echelons of these political parties still consist of either the children of their founders or close relatives. At this point, the Muslim League (N), Pakistan Peoples Party, and Awwami National Party are all governed by either the founders or the progeny of the founders; same rules always apply to quite a few regional political parties. If Pakistan hopes to develop a viable democratic system, and if the civic structures and practices are to be reshaped within this democratic norm, then the political parties need to be openly democratic, which means that the party leadership should not be passed from one generation of a family to another. The parties should hold open elections to elect their leadership and the top leadership positions should be open to all members of a political party. Otherwise the entire nation ends up becoming the private property of one large extended political family. Look at the recent Nawaz Sharif cabinet, for example. Almost all the major cabinet positions were either held by Mr. Sharif's immediate family members or the members of his extended family.1


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the challenges of older self-employed workers in the creative industries and ways of dealing with these challenges. This is important in the light of the aging population and the increase in entrepreneurship among older workers. Design/methodology/approach – In total, 43 older self-employed creatives in the Netherlands were interviewed by telephone. Once the data were transcribed, content analysis was conducted. Findings – The findings reveal that older self-employed creatives are often forced into self-employment, experiencing a vicious circle that pushes them away from the creative industries. They have to deal with multiple identities. Successful older self-employed creatives dealt with these challenges by creating synergies between their identities, focussing on their strengths and using their existing networks. They also stressed the transferability of their skills and knowledge. Research limitations/implications – Older self-employed creatives have t...


Technology creates many legal quandaries in life, and now it appears, in death, too. While there is currently no case law involving legal access to a person's data after that person dies, experts contend this situation must change as baby boomers—the first generation of widespread and regular computer users—grow older. The New York Times reports legal experts in estate and probate matters agree that anything stored on a computer is considered "intangible" property, meaning it is probably worth more than the tangible property it occupies: disk space on a computer. Estate executors and survivors are rarely left with passwords needed to access data; often opting to toss PCs before realizing what treasures they may contain. Lawyers point out that should a discarded computer end up in the wrong hands, and its contents tapped, the estate executor could be held responsible for its dissemination. To combat these growing estate dilemmas, a cottage industry of password crackers is emerging to help frenzied survivors. "Not having a simple password causes a lot of needless stress at exactly the wrong time," says Bob Weiss, president of Password Crackers, who charges $40 to open most files. Of course, once the data is obtained, there's the legal matter of who actually owns it.


The use of computers as teaching and learning tools plays a particularly important role in modern society. Within this scenario, Brazil launched its own version of the 'One Laptop per Child' (OLPC) program, and this initiative, termed PROUCA, has already distributed hundreds of lowcost laptops for educational purposes in many Brazilian schools. However, in spite of its importance, PROUCA program does not have tools that help managers monitor, understand and evaluate which curricular and extracurricular activities have been developed with the laptops. Therefore, this article aims to present MEMORE, a computational environment that provides management information about the use of laptops in PROUCA´s context. Teachers and administrators can take such information into consideration in order to evaluate and improve educational policies and pedagogical practices in schools.


The letter describes a theoretical model for the prediction of BER penalty at a digital regenerator where the probability density function of the alignment jitter at the regenerator is known. A numerical integration method is used to examine cases of particular interest to systems engineers.


In Japan, the architect's profile has changed in the last decades, with a steady increase in women practitioners. Meanwhile, the intersection between gender and architecture remains scarcely explored. This paper aims to show how gender influences the architectural profession by taking as a case study the Gallery IHA Autumn Lectures 2018, a series of lectures by female architects organized and held by women under the theme "exploring the architect's social ecosystem". A comparative analysis of the discourse of six female architects working in Tokyo showed how to overcome gender barriers in the profession through diversifying and democratizing architectural practices. A comparative analysis of the discourse six overcome


This paper presents the new structure of a spindle motor for hard disk drive (HDD). It can produce axial force as well as torque without a pulling plate or a pulling magnet required for the normal operation of a hydrodynamic bearing in rotating-shaft structure. The proposed models have different air gap length along the axial direction by changing the thickness of permanent magnet (PM). One has a single slope and the other has double slopes on the surface of PM. For the design of the proposed models, variables are defined and its effects on the motor performances are investigated by 3-demensional finite element analysis (FEA). The equi-performance curves are investigated for the main characteristics of the spindle motor such as generated torque, axial force and torque ripple ratio. The validity of the proposed models is verified by the feasibility study and performance evaluation.


The article affirms the need for a more rigorous, more aware and circumscribed use of the term practical philosophy, both with regard to the confused and generic usage that came back into favor following the German debate on Rehabilitierung der praktischen Philosophie, and to its better defined, but insufficiently accurate use by the neo-Aristotelians themselves. For this reason, in adopting the history of concepts as the methodological guideline, the epistemic context in which the term arose is illustrated and its semantics.


Network Forensic is an important measure to punish intruder and criminals.Based on analysis of the characteristic of library network resource,a design scheme on network forensic system,which integrating other network security system,is proposed.The procedure of intrusion action is found and proved by the collected evidence.Finally,the research on the application of library network security is carried on.


This study aimed to investigate the degree to which educational supervisors possess professional ethics from the teachers 'point of view in the Hebron Governorate. This study was conducted on all school teachers in the Hebron governorates in the second semester of the academic year 2020/2021 on a sample consisting of (505) teachers. The researcher used the descriptive approach, where by the researcher built the study tool, which relates to the degree of educational supervisors 'ownership of professional ethics from the teachers' point of view in the Hebron governorate. The researcher made sure of the validity and reliability of the tool. The study found that the degree to which educational supervisors possessed professional ethics from the teachers 'point of view in the Hebron governorate came to a large extent, and there were differences in the degree to which educational supervisors possessed professional ethics from the teachers' viewpoint in the Hebron governorate depending on the gender variable and in favor of males, and according to the educational qualification variable and in favor of the academic qualification. Master's degree or higher, according to the variable of years of experience and in favor of years of experience (5-10) years, and according to the variable of the teacher's teaching phase and for the kindergarten phase, and according to the directorate's variable and in favor of the Yatta district Based on the results of the study, the researcher recommended: Paying attention to the educational supervision process at all levels and fields, giving value to the supervisor's report by granting incentives to teachers, increasing the number of supervisors in all directorates, and increasing the number of supervisors' visits to teachers.


Abstract : Using a combination of electrophysiological and biochemical techniques, the action of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) was shown conclusively to involve (1) binding/ targetting to ecto-acceptors on cholinergic neurons, (2) acceptor-mediated uptake and, (3) block of Ca24-dependent release of transmitters. Domains/chains in BoNT responsible for each step were identified. One useful antagonist of the toxin's binding was developed, in addition to a monoclonal antibody capable of neutralizing the intracellular poisoning. Insights into the molecular action of BoNT were gained, particularly involvement of microtubules in the base of B and, possible, a large phosphorylated protein concerned with exocytosis. Equivalent experiments on tetanus toxin, and chimeric mixtures of both toxins, yielded valuable information for possible future targetting of agents to cholinergic and non-cholinergic neurons. A more detailed summary is included in the report.


The invention relates to the technical field of food production and discloses a production process for bean jelly with bean milk and green beans. The bean jelly is prepared from main materials including the green beans, the bean milk and edible alkali, is additionally provided with auxiliary materials including sesame paste, mustard, garlic juice, pepper water and edible vinegar when being eaten, and is pliable, smooth and delicious. According to the production process, the cost is reduced, the product quality is improved, and the guarantee period of the bean jelly is prolonged. The bean jelly is convenient to eat and is a green food worthy of popularization.


XBERT, a microprocessor programmable multi-rate bit error rate generator/receiver is described. It is used for testing the performance of digital communication circuits and communication links. The data rate for XBERT can be configured from 1 kb/s to 622 Mb/s. This makes XBERT an extremely versatile device for testing asynchronous (DS0, DS1, DS3) and synchronous SONET/STS-3 (STM-1), STS-12 (STM-4) telecommunication chips.<<ETX>>


Context Genetic and environmental factors are involved in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), and vitamin D (VD) deficiency appears as a candidate to risk factor for developing diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Objective The purpose of study was to evaluate the existence of an association between low levels of VD and the presence and degree of DKD in T1DM. Patients and methods We performed a cross-sectional study, between November 2014 and December 2015. Levels of 25(OH)D and albuminuria were analyzed in 37 patients with T1DM and normal glomerular filtration rate. Thirty-six subjects were evaluated as a control group. Results Patients with T1DM and hypovitaminosis D had higher levels of albuminuria compared to those with normal VD levels [albuminuria (log10) = 1.92 vs. 1.44; p < 0.05]. When we have separated the group of patients according to stage of DKD in patients with normo, micro, and macroalbuminuria, there are lower levels of 25(OH)D in the last when compared to the first two groups (26.7 ± 6.2, 24.8 ± 7.0, and 15.9 ± 7.6 ng/ml; p < 0.05, respectively). In T1DM group, we have found correlations between VD levels and both albuminuria and DKD stages (r = −0.5; p < 0.01 and r = −0.4; p < 0.05, respectively). A simple linear regression model, with albuminuria as the dependent variable and VD as an independent variable, showed r2 = 0.2 and p < 0.01. Conclusion Our data suggest an association between reduced levels of VD and the presence and severity of DKD.


Emotion detection is an important aspect in the development of AI based systems to assist humans. People affected with neurological disorders are paralyzed and have difficulty in expressing their emotions. Identifying their emotions and act accordingly helps to keep them happy and healthy. In this paper we have attempted a system that detects and classifies human emotion using Electroencephalography (EEG) signals. The process involves getting the data from the four electrodes placed on the scalp of a human and monitoring the brain activity. The algorithm uses a Long Short-Term Memory network (LTSM) which gives a training accuracy of 95.55%.


PURPOSE: An electronic book terminal apparatus and an electronic book display method using locus are provided to prevent performance degradation in the implementation of page eject effect according to the input of a user. CONSTITUTION: A locus tracker(211) receives input of a user related to page turn of an electronic book and tracks the locus of user input. A straight line generating unit(212) generates an input vector based on the locus of user input. An intersection point generating unit(213) generates a vertex between the edge of a screen and a straight line. An effect implementing unit(214) implements display effect by performing coordinate conversion based on the length of the input vector.


Due to the influence imposed by religions,customs and geographic environment under English culture and Chinese culture respectively,the corresponding animal words of the two cultures have different national cultural connotations.This paper firstly illustrates the five patterns towards the connotations of animal words with some examples,secondly makes a contrast concerning the distinct meaning of that from the pespective of Metaphor and Symbolism,finally indicates the various characteristics and discrepancies between the two cultures,hence to promote their cross-cultural language study and conmmunication.


Comparison of UV VIS spectra between Fenton (UV Fenton) and UV/H 2O 2 during the photo degradation of phenol indicates that the Fenton process is not a simple hydroxyl radical reaction and multi valent iron is the important intermediate during the Fenton process Phenol was degraded through the inner sphere electron transfer reaction within the complex Fe(Ⅳ) phenol The traditional hydroxyl radical theory seemingly could not be used to explain Fenton type oxidation reaction mechanism


Deformation above the Sumatra subduction zone, revealed by Global Positioning System (GPS) geodetic surveys, shows nearly complete coupling of the forearc to the subducting plate south of 0.5°S and half as much to the north. The abrupt change in plate coupling coincides with the boundary between the rupture zones of the 1833 and 1861 (Mw>8) thrust earthquakes. The rupture boundary appears as an abrupt change in strain accumulation well into the interseismic cycle, suggesting that seismic segmentation is controlled by properties of the plate interface that persist through more than one earthquake cycle. Structural evidence indicates that differences in basal shear stress may be related to elevated pore pressure in the north.


Electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) are now widely used as power buffers in energy storage systems, especially for electrical transport applications. Because of their high acquisition costs, their predictive maintenance represents a key issue for the development of electrical traction systems. This paper investigates the diagnosis of EDLCs by a parametric estimation of a dynamic continuous-time model. Indeed, the physical interpretation of their parameters simplifies the supercapacitor diagnosis and prognosis. Due to the complex electrochemical phenomena occurring in EDLC cells, modeling errors are far more important than measurement noise. Therefore, we propose to use the output error minimization techniques and the relative sensitivity functions to evaluate and compare the diagnosis potential of several model structures. This allows the use of some comprehensive comparison criteria without any assumption about the statistical characteristics of the system disturbances. An experimental accelerated aging process of 200 commercial super capacitors (Nichicon, 1F, 20 weeks long aging at 65 °C, 0 and 2.5 V dc polarization) is also performed to make statistics and illustrate the methodology.


ABSTRACT Communal conflicts present a severe threat to human security, resulting in the death of thousands of people every year. The communal conflict in Dagbon in the Northern Region of Ghana, for instance, led to the murder of the King of Dagbon and 40 other people. This conflict has attracted debates which are centred around attempts to explain its onset. But the understanding of this phenomenon is still incomplete. In particular, there is inadequate detailed information about what actually started the conflict. This article aims to fill this knowledge gap by engaging the greed-grievance theories to comprehensively understand the conflict's onset. This article contributes to the theoretical understanding of communal conflicts, which is of both scholarly and policy importance. Navigating insights from theoretical literature and content analysis of secondary data, it finds that perceived injustice and land wealth were the motivating factors in the onset of the conflict in Dagbon in 2002.


Background Disturbed peripheral negative regulation might contribute to evolution of autoimmune insulitis in type 1 diabetes. This study evaluates the sensitivity of naïve/effector (Teff) and regulatory T cells (Treg) to activation-induced cell death mediated by Fas cross-linking in NOD and wild-type mice. Principal Findings Both effector (CD25−, FoxP3−) and suppressor (CD25+, FoxP3+) CD4+ T cells are negatively regulated by Fas cross-linking in mixed splenocyte populations of NOD, wild type mice and FoxP3-GFP tranegenes. Proliferation rates and sensitivity to Fas cross-linking are dissociated in Treg cells: fast cycling induced by IL-2 and CD3/CD28 stimulation improve Treg resistance to Fas-ligand (FasL) in both strains. The effector and suppressor CD4+ subsets display balanced sensitivity to negative regulation under baseline conditions, IL-2 and CD3/CD28 stimulation, indicating that stimulation does not perturb immune homeostasis in NOD mice. Effective autocrine apoptosis of diabetogenic cells was evident from delayed onset and reduced incidence of adoptive disease transfer into NOD.SCID by CD4+CD25− T cells decorated with FasL protein. Treg resistant to Fas-mediated apoptosis retain suppressive activity in vitro. The only detectable differential response was reduced Teff proliferation and upregulation of CD25 following CD3-activation in NOD mice. Conclusion These data document negative regulation of effector and suppressor cells by Fas cross-linking and dissociation between sensitivity to apoptosis and proliferation in stimulated Treg. There is no evidence that perturbed AICD in NOD mice initiates or promotes autoimmune insulitis.


The ability to move at reasonable ease in all directions is an important requirement in the design of manipulators. The degree of ease of mobility varies from point to point in the workspace of the manipulator's end effector. Maximum ease of mobility is obtained at an isotropic point, and the minimum occurs at singularities. An attempt has been made here to use a geometric approach for determining the isotropic points in the workspace of planar 5-bar linkages. The geometrical approach leads to interesting observations on the location of isotropic points in the workspace. The procedure also yields a technique for the synthesis of 5-bar linkages and associated coupler points exhibiting isotropic behaviour. Additionally it has been shown that coupler points exhibiting isotropic mobility occur in pairs.Copyright © 2004 by ASME


This project is focused on improving the performance and durability of the 3M nanostructured thin film catalyst (NSTF) roll-good fabricated electrocatalysts and MEAs. Table 1 compares the NSTF current 2 quarter, calendar year (CY) 2009 status with the electrocatalyst targets for 2010/2015 from Table 3.4.12 of the DOE HFCIT MYRDDP. Additional rows were added to summarize recent accelerated durability test results. All metrics were obtained with the same cathode and anode alloy catalysts. The MEAs used for the inverse specific power density values listed in the first row, PGM total content, had loadings of 0.05/0.10 mgPt/cm 2 on the anode and cathode, respectively. The short stack results were obtained outside the project but evaluated catalysts and gas diffusion layer (GDL) developed within the project.


In 1994 a 78 year old woman was treated for a squamous cell carcinoma of the right labium majus. The lesion was 2.5 cm in diameter and there were no clinically suspicious lymph nodes in either groin. Because dysplasia was present in the remainder of the vulva, radical vulvectomy was performed, with super®cial and deep inguinal lymphadenectomy on the right side, through separate incisions. Left inguinal lymphadenectomy was not carried out. Histopathologic examination showed tumour-free margins, while two out of seven lymph nodes contained metastases with no spread beyond the nodes (T2N1M0). Radiation therapy was given to both groins, the total dose being 45 Gy. Four years later a nodule measuring 1.5 cm in diameter was found on the right side of the vulva close to the urethra. Biopsy showed a recurrence of her squamous cell carcinoma. The woman participated in a study of the diagnostic accuracy of sentinel lymph node biopsy in women with carcinoma of the vulva. Approval for the study was given by the medical ethics committee of the hospital and written informed consent was obtained from the woman. Sentinel lymph node biopsy was performed as previously described.


Vision care plans (VCP) can be difficult to figure out because each provider tends to have its own set of rules. In an attempt to bring clarity to the VCP landscape, I have put together a five-part series of blogs.


Using three-factor and three-level completely randomized experiment design, this study analyzed the effects of κ-carrageenan (κCG), konjac gum (KGM) and modified corn starch (MCS) additions on water holding capacity (WHC), hardness and ultrastructure of chicken muscle homogenate. The results showed that both κCG and KGM had extremely significant effects on the WHC and hardness (p 0.01). MCS had extremely significant effects on the WHC (p 0.01), but presented significant effect on the hardness (p 0.05). Both the interactions between κCG and KGM (extremely significant, p 0.01) and between KGM and MCS (significant, p 0.05) significantly affected the WHC and the hardness, while the interaction between κCG and MCS only affected the WHC. Moreover, κCG, MCS and muscle protein may form three-dimensional network structure, and MCS played a filling agent in the gel network void, which made the gel system has a good three-dimensional structure and then affected the water holding capacity and hardness of the gel system.


We explore the effectiveness of various data augmentation methods while training PEN. Our choise of augmentations and its ranges are inspired from the SimCLR [1]. We train the PEN in few shot setting on Rain 100L. We use image jitter, scale, translate, rotation and its combination. We evaluate the performance of PEN on Mean Absolute Error (MAE) which is the mean absolute difference between predicted rain probability p̂ and the ground truth rain probability I. The MAE equation is given by:


Hayek's constitutional theory deals with such major problems as rule of law, democracy, and state. Some of his views are original contributions, whereas others contain a few wrong ideas and blind spots. First, this paper gives a systematic analysis of the structure of "three powers and five levels" in Hayek's new constitutional mode, and then points out its original theoretical value. After that his view of state sovereignty is doubted. The author thinks Hayek's constitutional theory and its internal difficulty will be instructive for China's on-going construction of socialist rule of law, which will help us absorb thoughts of western theoreticians more deliberately and rationally.


Abstract Neighbourhood satisfaction and use of outdoor green spaces play a significant role in life satisfaction and well-being of urban residents. This study enhances our understanding of these factors by examining specific attributes of the nearby outdoor environment that pertain to planning and design recommendations. A random sample of 434 residents from four Chicago communities participated in a survey incorporating perception of various aspects of environmental attributes as well as multiple dimensions of neighbourhood satisfaction and use patterns. Using multiple regression modelling, the results demonstrated that satisfaction with quality of public spaces, amount of affordances provided by them and neighbourhood comfort are strongly influenced by the physical attributes and content of walking-distance outdoor spaces. Understanding residents' perception of planning and design-related attributes of the environment through an evidence-based approach can significantly contribute to more effective decisions, leading ultimately to fewer gaps between what people need and what is offered to them in outdoor settings.


Histamine contamination was evaluated on 474 batches (3130 determinations) of fish products collected in Puglia and Basilicata (southern part of Italy) during the years 2015–2019, using a high-throughput two-tier approach involving a screening (ELISA test) and confirmatory method (HPLC/FLD with o-phthalaldehyde derivatization). Histamine concentration >2.5 mg kg−1 was detected in 51% of total batches with the 2.5% of non-compliance. Except for two samples of fresh anchovies, all non-compliant samples were frozen, defrosted and canned tuna. Among 111 fresh tuna batches, 9 had a content of histamine between 393 and 5542 mg kg−1, and scombroid poisoning cases were observed after their consumption. Good quality canned tuna and ripened anchovies sold in Italy was observed. Furthermore, the analysis of the processing technology and storage practice critical points were reported in this study, with useful considerations to minimize the histamine risk for consumers. Finally, based on these results, several considerations about risk exposure were reported.


For nearly ten years I have been engaged more or less actively in a revision of the species of Asciepias in the United States. The problem has been complicated and its completion delayed by a number of factors, particularly the need of delineation of the genus with respect to the other American genera of Asclepiadaceae. World War II brought its own complications, all too familiar to any systematist, in this case the chief of which was the enlistment in the "Seabees" of Albert A. Heinze, long my collaborating illustrator. With the indefinite duration of these hindrances in mind, I have thought it best to publish occasional novelties; I now offer some notes concerning the nomenclature and identity of a few of our North American Asclepiads, not only because they should have been discussed long ago, but because I intend to publish in the near future some observations on their geographical variation.


We investigate nonlinear periodic and solitary two-dimensional rolling waves in a falling two-layer liquid film in the regime of non-zero Reynolds numbers. At any flow rate, a falling two-layer liquid film is known to be linearly unstable with respect to long-wave deformations of the liquid-air surface and liquid-liquid interface. Two different types of zero-amplitude neutrally stable waves propagate downstream without growing or shrinking: a zig-zag surface mode and a thinning varicose interface mode. Using a boundary-layer reduction of the Navier-Stokes equation, we investigate the onset, possible bifurcations and interactions of nonlinear periodic travelling waves. Periodic waves are obtained by continuation as stationary periodic solutions in the co-moving reference frame starting from small-amplitude neutrally stable waves. We find a variety of solitary waves that appear when a periodic solution approaches a homoclinic loop. Wave interactions are studied using direct numerical simulations of the boundary-layer model. We reveal that in the early stages of temporal evolution coarsening is dominated by an inelastic collision and merging of waves that travel at different speeds. Eventually, coarsening becomes arrested when the waves have reached the largest admissible amplitude. Bifurcation analysis confirms the existence of an upper bound of possible solitary wave amplitudes, thus explaining the arrest of coarsening. In the mixed regime, when both mode types are unstable, the temporal dynamics becomes highly irregular due to the competition between a faster-travelling zig-zag mode and a slower-travelling varicose mode. A quintessentially two-layer dynamical regime is found, which corresponds to a ruptured second layer. In this r


May 2008 Chapter: Unit 10 'Caring for [Looked After] Children and Young People in BTEC Nationals Health and Social Care: Student Book 3 ISBN-10: 1405868120 http://www.pearsonelt.ch/1471/9781405868129/BTEC-Nationals-Health-Social-Care.aspx


Abstract: This study examines the swelling of TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose (NFCTEMPO, shortly NFC) on both the particle and interparticle levels. The sum of the intraparticle and interparticle swelling is referred to as the network swelling. A centrifugal method, based on a modification of the water retention value test, was used to measure the network swelling of NFC, a pigment, and some pulp fibers. It was found that the network swelling of NFC is highly dependent on its concentration within a fiber matrix. The particle swelling of NFC and pulp fibers was analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and solute exclusion. The counterion for the NFC varied among the Na+, H+, and Ca2+ forms. The counterion has a very large effect on the particle and network swelling of NFC, with Ca2+ giving the lowest swelling and Na+ the highest swelling. An industrially feasible method for changing the counterion of NFC from the nominal Na+ to the Ca2+ form, and thus improving dewatering properties, is given.


This paper is devoted to the analytic consideration of Russian Qur'an translations, which were made in the 1980–90s, — this period was probably one of the most fruitful for Qur'anic Studies in general. There are some influential Russian Qur'an translation projects (that of V. Porokhova, F. Karaogli, T. Shumovskiy, M. Osmanov, Lahore Ahmadiyya Community, A. al- Mansi & S. Afifi). The paper deals with history of their emergence, their important traits and further opportunities to improve the translation of Qur'an meanings and contexts into Russian in future.


This paper presents the design of a second-order sigma-delta modulator for digital-audio applications. The modulator has bee designed at 3V power supply with oversampling ratio of 256 and simulated in a 0.35µm CMOS technology. The simulated results give SNDR of 94.52 dB for a 25 KHz signal bandwidth. The sampling frequency is 12.8MHz and the Nyquist rate of the modulator is 50 KHz.


Objective To study the value of macrophages inhibitory cytokine-1(MIC-1) in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer,especially for early stage colorectal cancer.To explore the feasibility of the early detection by a combination of multiple biomarkers including MIC-1 in colorectal cancer patients.Method Serum samples were collected from429 patients with different TNM phases of colorectal cancer and 129 healthy controls,The serum level of MIC-1,CA19-9,CEA and TPS were detected by self-developed MIC-1 double antibody sandwich ELISA Kit and Roche Cobas 601 ECL analyzer,respectively.The level of serum MIC-1 was evaluated in different stages of TNM,and compared with other biomark-ers to define the value of MIC-1 in the diagnosis and early diagnosis of colorectal cancer.Result The serum level of MIC-1 in colorectal cancer is significantly higher than that of controls,(1045.88±892.67 pg /ml vs 398.04±263.19 pg /ml;P0.001).A stepwise increase of MIC-1 level was noted in patients with the progress of disease,and positively correlated with the depth of tumor invasion(P = 0.001),lymph node metastasis(P = 0.007) and remote metastasis(P0.001).The results also showed that the combination of MIC-1,CEA and TPS has a sensitivity of 61.3%,which was significantly higher than that of CEA(25.6%),that was commonly used in clinical settings.Conclusion MIC-1 is a valuable biomarker of colorectal cancer,especially for detection of early stage colorectal cancer.There is important clinical value for MIC-1 combined with CEA and TPS in early detection of colorectal cancer.


Abstract Two silane reagents were used to modify the surface of glass slide. The modified surfaces were characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). DNA arrays generated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from the genomic DNA of hepatitis B virus (HBV) were spotted on the slides by capillary tube. Such slides were applied to detect the HBV DNA fragment by hybridization with fluorescence-labeled probe.


Supramolecular aggregates of DNA, RNA, streptavidin, immunoglobulin, and nanocrystalline metal clusters can be generated by self-assembly on the basis of oligonucleotide hybridization (shown schematically). Following selective immunosorption on surface-immobilized antigen, the biometallic hybrid is detectable by electron microscopy.


Aahara is basic requirements of human beings. Trayaupasthamba includes aahara, nidra & bhramacharya of which aahara is very important. Ahara is the Indana (fuel) for the Agni as Praja are dependent upon Raja similarly Agni is dependent on the Ahara [1] . The Ahara when consumed according to the said rules and regulations maintains the Prana and imparts Bala, Varna etc. maintains the swaasthya on the other hand its non-observance leads to various diseases [2] . The improper habit of eating may lead to obesity; diabetes etc. obesity & over-weight are the leading risk of global death. Around 3.4 billion adults die each year as a result being over-weight or obese. India is 3 rd most obese country in the world [3] .


It was reported in our previous paper in 2004 that the unknown isotope 129 Pm near the proton drip line was produced via the fusion-evaporation reaction 40 Ca + 92 Mo , and a 99keV γ line was assigned to the (EC+β + ) decay of 129 Pm for the first time. In order to confirm the assignment, following three new evidences are provided in this paper. 1) The excitation function of the 99keV γ line was made from 164MeV to 190MeV of the incident energy. 2) A cross bombardment 36 Ar + 96 Ru was carried out, from which the same 99keV γ transition was observed.3) The nuclear potential-energy-surface (PES) of 129 Pm was calculated by using the Woods-Saxon Strutinsky method. The ground state spin and parity of 129 Pm was then predicted to be 5/2 - . This prediction leads to a 5/2 - low-lying state in the daughter nucleus 129 Nd via the (EC+β + ) decay of 129 Pm favorably.


Thirty seven water mite species (Acari: Hydrachnidia) are recorded from Borneo; 1 new genus and 11 new species are described below. Two new species of Mideopsis from Thailand and Sulawesi are also described and new records for S.E. Asia listed. Torrenticola (Monatractides) pilosa Wiles, 1989 from Peninsula Malaysia is synonymised with Monatraetides plumosa (Wiles, 1989) from Sulawesi.


ABSTRACT The Coalition Government's policies on career guidance are analysed. Its rhetorical concern for career guidance provision is based largely on its support for social mobility, and its recognition of the role of career guidance in moving towards a demand-led skills system. Initial policy statements affirmed its intention to establish an all-age careers service, to revitalise the professional status of career guidance and to safeguard the partnership between schools and external provision. But these policies have been undermined by its commitment to school autonomy and to public expenditure cuts, exacerbated by indecision and delays due to difficulties in resolving the tensions within its policies. The result is a significant erosion of the all-age vision, and a likely major reduction in the extent and quality of careers help for young people.


Iraq has been suspected to have weapons of mass destruction and thus have war with America for many years. This war build a very horrible image of this country but actually,
there is no so-called "weapon of mass destruction" found after seven years. It is time for the American to withdraw its army from Iraq and also time for the public to know the real Iraq. Thus, this study will built an Iraq tourism website called the Iraqi Tourism Information Resources (ITIR) using Web 2.0 to boost the tourism industry in Iraq because Tourism Industry is very important for the Iraq to rebuild its international image and generate the income to help rebuild its economy after the war. Waterfall methodology was used in this study.


Based on the analyses of the application of geosynthetics in the representative breakwaters and dams in the deepwa-ter waterways in the Changjiang estuary,Yangshan Port,Taicang Port,Lusi Port,Ningbo Port and Caofeidian Port,the experience in application of geosynthetics in breakwaters and dams is systematically summarized in the paper,which may be of reference for similar works.


The invention provides a noise processing method and a circuit after a noise processing process. The circuit after the noise processing process comprises at least two disturbed lines and at least one disturbing line. The number of parallel lines among the at least three line does not exceed two. Parallel portions exist between the disturbed lines and the disturbing line. Common parallel portions exist between the disturbed lines. The width of a gap between the common parallel portions is wider than or equal with a sum value of two times the width of a minimum line gap and the width of the line.


This work presents a methodology proposal for in-situ invoicing of electric network subscribers. This method is intended to make invoicing process efficient, effective and cheaper using low-cost and easy-to-access technologies in our region such as Bluetooth and the mobile telephone networks. Our proposal also presents the design and implementation of a new Bluetooth-based energy meter and the replacement of traditional portable data terminals (PTD's) in order to avoid any manual data entry and having real-time access to subscriber's data.


Purpose. To determine the sequences of the mouse and bovine interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) 5' flanking regions and whether these 5' flanking regions contain functional IRBP promoter activity in multiple cell types using both quantitative and statistical analyses. Methods. We sequenced the bovine and mouse 5' flanking regions of the IRBP gene and compared these sequences to the human gene sequence. To test for functional activity of this region, we used the same DNA construct, p1783, in four different cell types. Mobility shift, DNase footprints, and southwestern blots were used to determine where nuclear protein complexes bind the IRBP 5' flanking region. Results. The 5' flanking regions of the bovine, human, and mouse IRBP genes exhibit sequence similarity in regions immediately adjacent to the start of transcription (roughly 350 bases in length) and also over a 220 base sequence about 1.25 to 1.50 kb upstream of the transcription start site. Two different statistical approaches showed that the IRBP 5' flanking region possesses promoter activity in four different cell types. By using mobility shift, DNase I-protection experiments, and southwestern blotting, a region of about 45 bases at position -300 was identified that specifically binds a protein from the nuclei of bovine retina and Y79 cells. Conclusions. Specific DNA binding events are an essential part of IRBP promoter activity. The conservation of sequences far upstream of the transcription start suggest that unknown physiological processes remain to be understood in IRBP transcriptional regulation.


Evaporation is analyzed as a phenomenon of molecular diffusion from a large rough surface into random-lived internal scale turbulent eddies. The model is based on the principles of similarity and stochastic renewal. It is shown that evaporation is proportional to the 0.75 power of the friction velocity and to the square root of the molecular diffusivity. This is in agreement with the available experimental data.


Rotationally moldable linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) is one of the most popular materials used for rotational molding. Yet, incorporation of additives is necessary to improve the mechanical, visco-elastic, thermal as well as melt flow properties of LLDPE. In this article, the influence of fumed silica (FS) nanoparticles on the mechanical properties viz. tensile, flexural, and impact strengths of rotationally moldable LLDPE is investigated. The microstructural studies using SEM were conducted to study the dispersion of FS in LLDPE and correlated with the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) were also carried out to find the time–temperature dependent mechanical properties viz. storage modulus (E'), loss modulus (E"), and tan delta between 1 and 8 wt% of FS. DMA studies were extended to perform accelerated stepped isothermal creep studies to find out the influence of FS in creep strains. POLYM. COMPOS., 2015. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers


District-scale traffic planning and management deals with the planning and the management of road traffic on a micro scale. It deals with micro-scale and shortterm issues, and is in contrast with studies concernconcerned with forecasting transportation demand One of the reasons this field is active in Japan is that past attempts in Europe and the US were introC P I J News Letter No.22 Nov. 2003


In the last decades of the nineteenth century, different attitudes towards mechanics led to two main theoretical approaches to thermodynamics: an abstract and phenomenological approach, and a very different approach in terms of microscopic models. In reality some intermediate solutions were also put forward. Helmholtz and Planck relied on a mere complementarity between mechanical and thermal variables in the expressions of state functions, and Oettingen explored the possibility of a more demanding symmetry between mechanical and thermal capacities. Planck refused microscopic interpretations of heat, whereas Helmholtz made also recourse to a Lagrangian approach involving fast hidden motions. J.J. Thomson incorporated the two mechanical attitudes in his theoretical framework, and put forward a very general theory for physical and chemical processes. He made use of two sets of Lagrangian coordinates that corresponded to two components of kinetic energy: alongside macroscopic energy, there was a microscopic energy, which was associated with the absolute temperature. Duhem put forward a bold design of unification between physics and chemistry, which was based on the two principles of thermodynamics. From the mathematical point of view, his thermodynamics or energetics consisted of a Lagrangian generalization of mechanics that could potentially describe every kind of irreversible process, explosive chemical reactions included.


During the lead-up to the 2014 presidential election in Indonesia, the internet was utilized as a campaign strategy, thereby creating an important conduit in the democratization process. This research investigates to what extent the internet has overtaken conventional mass media in the strategy of political campaigns among political parties in Indonesia. In-depth interviews with 11 prominent politicians and advisors, followed by observation in the offices of five top political parties were conducted in Jakarta, Indonesia. Additionally, focus group discussion with 30 people from 3 different categories of society were used to provide descriptive quantitative data supporting this qualitative study. The findings show television still has the highest percentage of usage for campaigns, followed by newspaper and radio. Nevertheless, internet communication as the newest campaign strategy had been used by all political parties. Although usage figures recorded low percentage, in some cases, e-political campaigns proved significant in the result for those parties. This study enriches evidence that conventional mass media seem to be working to increase awareness of the presidential candidates, but this phenomenon does not always equate with increasing electability. However, two parties which paid more attention to new media campaigns rather than conventional ones have increased their electability significantly. All participants, both prominent politicians and society, agreed the usage of new media for campaigns will continue to increase significantly to promote the ideas of democracy among political parties and citizens.


Learned journals of universities face some predicaments right now, such as shrunken budget, shortage of paper resource, little quantity of distribution, long publishing period and so on. To solve these problems, some measures must be carried out, more open, paying more attention to selected topic, and improving the accomplishment of editor. In this way the learned journals will have a good development and a bright future.


Objective— To characterize anticipatory postural adjustments (APA) across a variety of step initiation tasks in people with Parkinson's disease (PD) and healthy control (HC). Design— Cross-sectional study. Step initiation was analyzed during a) self-initiated gait, b) perceptual cued gait, and c) compensatory forward stepping after platform perturbation. People with PD were assessed On and Off levodopa. Setting— University research laboratory. Participants— PD (n=19) and healthy aged matched controls (n=12). Interventions— Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures— Medio-lateral (ML) size of APA (calculated from center of pressure recordings), step kinematics and body alignment. Results— With respect to self-initiated gait, the ML size of APAs were significantly larger during the cued condition and significantly smaller during the compensatory condition (p<0.001). HC and patients with PD did not differ in body alignment during the stance phase prior to stepping. No significant group effect was found for ML size of APA between HC and patients with PD. However, the reduction in APA size from cued to compensatory stepping was significantly less pronounced in PD Off Meds compared to HC, as indicated by a significant group by condition interaction effect (p<0.01). No significant differences were found comparing PD patients in On and Off meds. Conclusions— Specific stepping conditions had a significant effect on the preparation and execution of step initiation. Thus, APA size has to be interpreted with respect to the specific stepping condition. Across-task changes in people with PD were less pronounced compared to HC. Antiparkinsonian medication did not significantly improve step initiation in this mildly affected PD cohort.


1. Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis in the Frequency Domain of Structural Systems 2. Nonlinear Inelastic Dynamic Analysis of Beams and Beam-Columns 3. Techniques in Fourier Continuum Finite Elements for Large Deformation Structural Dynamics 4. Techniques in the Dynamic Analysis of Structures with Unilateral Constraints 5.Model Reduction Methodologies for Articulated Multi-flexible Body Systems 6. Dynamic Effects of Degenerate Singularities in the Potential Energy for Mechanical Systems


The alcohol extract of Thespesia populnea Soland ex. Correa, a traditional medicinal plant, was shown to have antihepatotoxicity against carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) toxicity in rats. Follow up studies were carried out to isolate the active principle or fraction and evaluate its efficacy against various toxic chemicals-induced liver damages and hepatitis B virus. An active ethyl acetate fraction was isolated from the alcohol extract of T. populnea by activity guided solvent fractionation. The fraction was further separated into two major components, using column chromatography. The fast moving component on thin layer chromatogram (TLC) with an Rf value of 0.8 was found to be the active component which showed positive reaction to phenolic acids. HPLC analysis showed 3 closely related compounds in the phenolic acid fraction (PF). The hepatoprotective activity in rats of the PF against CCl 4, acetaminophen and thioacetamide was evaluated by measuring levels of serum marker enzymes for liver damage, serum proteins, bilirubin, glucose, antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxides. Histological studies were also carried out for obtaining supportive data. The activity of the PF was found to be dose dependent and, interestingly, the activity at 2 mg/kg against CCl 4 toxicity in rats was comparable to that of 100 mg/kg silymarin, a standard herbal drug. PF was found to be effective both in pre and post treatment to CCl 4 challenged rats. PF protected rats from acetaminophen and thioacetamide induced hepatotoxicity also. Further, PF showed antihepatitis B viral activity in HepG2.2.15 cell line. Thus, PF is promising for the development of a medicine for liver diseases.


The characteristics of single-layer multi-beads parts, produced by GTA-additive manufacturing, are first depicted in this paper. Results show that the morphology of single bead, the distance between beads (d) and the number of beads together determines the flatness of part's surface. It means that if the welding parameters are fixed, the value of d influence the flatness on the largest extent. In order to obtain a proper value of d, a summary is made about this topic firstly. But in the application of aluminium alloy, some issues is found, including an error attributed to the approximation of welding beads' profiles and a limitation in the parameters. Consequently, a modification is made and new computational model is established which is based on welding speed, wire feeding speed and bead height. Moreover, related experiments are carried out. Results show that, the new model can contribute to a proper value of d on widely parameters range.


The notion of the archetype of the Self in Jungian psychology and its expression in mandala or sacred-circle symbolism is reviewed. The role of mandalas in Hinduism and Buddhism is then briefly discussed, with special emphasis on Vajrayana Buddhism. The universality of the mandala and its function of aiding the integration of the individual into the Absolute is stressed by also examining the sacred rites of the Oglala Sioux. Then it is shown how mandalas can be used to interpret pecked circles (ancient quartered circles chiseled in stone) in a logically consistent manner within the context of Nahua cosmology.


If there is no protective equipment in martial art single practice, it is very easy to be injured, so protective equipment in martial arts has been paid more and more attention. The protective effect of Wushu Sanda protective gear is related to the safety of every Wushu Sanda practitioner. The purpose of this paper is to study crystalline nanooptical materials and Wushu Sanda protective gear and propose the idea of using more crystalline nanooptical materials in the manufacture and use of Wushu Sanda protective gear. This paper mainly introduces the related content of crystalline nanooptical materials, martial art single-leg kick, and martial art single-leg protective gear and conducts experiments on crystalline nanooptical materials and martial art single-leg protective gear based on crystalline nanooptical materials. The experimental results show that the protective effect of protective equipment based on crystalline nanooptical materials can play a greater role than traditional protective equipment. In the experiments in this paper, the martial art single-leg kicking protective gear based on crystalline nanooptical materials has at least a 10% improvement in protective effect.


In this paper, we focus on Granger causality tests in the presence of regime shifts or structural breaks. We show that when the as sumption of parameter constancy is violated, due to the occurrence of structural breaks, Granger causality tests can provide mislead ing inference about the underlying relationship of causality. We consider a Bayesian model for the detection of structural breaks which can make Granger causality tests 'robust' to the presence of structural instabilities in the sample. An application of the method to the Canadian series of GNP and Ml is presented.


Ecosystems—communities of interdependent yet hierarchically independent heterogeneous participants who collectively generate an ecosystem value proposition—often emerge through collective action, where ecosystem participants interact with each other and the external environment. When such organizational forms are emerging, they require legitimacy to overcome the "liability of newness." Adopting a collective action lens and taking a legitimacy-as-process approach, we propose a process model of ecosystem collective action, where an orchestrator, complementors, users, and external actors together drive ecosystem legitimacy. We identify three key legitimation processes—discursive legitimation, performative legitimation, and ecosystem identity construction—and demonstrate how these three processes together facilitate the emergence of ecosystem legitimacy and reduce the liability of newness of emerging ecosystems.


The paper gives an account on the culture of milkflsh Chanos chanos and the grey mullet Valamugil seheli under mono and polyculture systems in the saltwater ponds at Mandapam during the period 19821983. Ponds of 2,400 mS (two ponds), 450 m2 (2 ponds) and 200m2 (3 ponds) were used for conducting the culture experiments. The stocks were fed with a supplementary feed. The growth of fish was better in polyculture experiments. The rate of production of Chanos chanos was 354-443 kg/ha with a survival of 73.2-79.9% in monoculture and 422-872 kg/ha with 56.7-70.0% survival in polyculture experiments. V. seheli indicated a production of 200-290 kg/ha and 67-89 kg/ha with the survival rates of 22-91 % and 13.3-20.7% in mono and polyculture experiments respectively.


I, 14-16.-These lines have been omitted in the Assyrian recension. I would suggest the following reading and interpretation: 14. [li]-il-li-ik ia-ru 15. [ga]-ag-rgal-ra li-e-ir-ri 16. [ri]-bi-e-tum li-im-ta-an-ni-ma = 14. Let the wind blow; 15. Let it sweep the ground bare, 16. Like the streets let it (the ground) become. The reading ga-ag-ga-ra instead of na-ag-bi-ra seems to be supported by the traces on the photograph. The verb urrt4 ('a ~4ri, 'a qi ti), means "sweep clean of foliage, herbage; clear." The fact that the noun in line 16 is both out of agreement with the verb and in the nominative case shows that it cannot be either subject or object, but must be in apposition with an implied subject, evidently the only available one-ga-ag-ga-ra. We can only, therefore, explain li-im-ta-an-ni-ma as the II2 form of the good Akkadian verb manit, "count, make like," as in qaqqari' manit, etc. II, 4-5.-Read with Clay, i-na e-ri-im ib-ba-ra li-&a-az-[ni-in]= "In the


Abstract The main objective of this work is to control the NOx emission of a stationary diesel engine fuelled with crude rice bran oil methyl ester blend with less sacrifice on smoke density and brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and also to investigate the factors influencing the objective. Fuel injection timing, percentage of exhaust gas recirculation and fuel injection pressure are chosen as the promising factors for the objective and NOx emission, smoke density and BTE are considered as response variables. Tests were conducted as per Taguchi's L9 orthogonal array and the most influencing factor for each response variable and also the significance of each factor on the same was found out through analysis of variance (ANOVA). Response graph was drawn for each response variable and from the results of response graph and ANOVA the optimum combination of the factor levels in achieving the objective was obtained and the same was confirmed experimentally.


Global governance is undergoing a systemic transformation involving alterations in states' military, economic and demographic capabilities. This global restructuring is coupled with the emergence of new challenges and increasing uncertainty over what the global order will look like in the next 50 years. It is within this rapidly transforming global environment that Turkey has adopted an active foreign policy. Turkey's foreign policy is changing in response to the global restructuring and the new challenges it entails, and is partly driven by its aspirations to be recognized as a regional power and global player. Turkey's emphasis on national survival, assertive policy implementation and autonomous foreign policy choices all add up to demonstrate that Turkey is developing a new grand strategy in the international arena. This paper aims to assess Turkey's grand strategy in the light of these global challenges by looking at the developments in its global capabilities and foreign policy endeavors.


Based on the content of atmospheric TSP(Total suspended particulate) collected from 60 cities in the world,a systematic cluster analysis for atmospheric pollution is made in this paper.Firstly,the cluster number is determined by dynamic cluster.Secondly, the systematic cluster analysis is made by mathematical software called SPSS to analyze data. Finally,the relevant conclusions are obtained from the data analysis,and the prevention measures to reduce the content of atmospheric TSP are given.


The HIV/AIDS Programme has been a core health programme in Portugal leading the country's response to the HIV epidemics since the 1980s. In 2011, the severe financial and economical context forced the government to reorganize central services, including the Ministry of Health, aiming to improve efficiency and reduce costs. All vertical programmes were reformed, including the HIV/AIDS Programme.

 For the period 2009-2018, we analyse the outcomes of core HIV prevention programmes managed by the National Programme for HIV/AIDS Infection: the syringe exchange programme, HIV testing, the distribution of preventive materials, and financial support to private non-for-profit organisations.

 This paper describes the main features of that reform and analyses selected outcomes, as well as how those financial constraints affected the response to HIV/AIDS. Despite some transitory cuts in spending, the National Programme for HIV/AIDS Infection was able to successfully expand testing and prevention interventions. Strategic partnerships with non-governmental and community-based organisations were crucial to continue delivering adequate HIV testing services and reaching most-at-risk groups.

 The main goals of the National Programme for HIV/AIDS Infection for the term 2012-2016 were reached, including the decrease of new HIV infections, new AIDS cases and AIDS-related deaths, and the country is in a good position to meet UNAIDS's 90-90-90 targets by 2020. Scaling-up access to pre-exposure prophylaxis, improving access and adherence to antiretroviral therapy, and continuously promoting access to HIV testing services and HIV self-testing stand as the main challenges of the National Programme for HIV/AIDS Infection in the near future.

 Prioritise spending under financial constrains can be cost-effective. Besides transitory cuts, HIV programme was able to meet its goals.


Similar to many Middle-Eastern countries during the 20th century, Iran underwent a unique process of modernisation. This process was accelerated in Tehran after the second World War, when the urban population density dramatically grew, due to rural-urban migration, and the construction of mass housing got a prominent place in the development agenda of the Iranian government. Furthermore, for creating a modern nation that made Iran part of the civilized world, the government diffused the notion of modern living through mass housing largely carried out by a group of Western-trained Iranian architects. Creating cross-cultural exchanges, they played the mediator role between the International Style and the Iranian culture, and they helped the Iranian government to purse the objectives of the development plans.  Accordingly, the government established a new financial organisation named Bank-e Sakhtemani (Construction Bank) to fund new urban projects, and the parliament adopted a new law by which the arid lands beyond the border of cities were declared as state properties. Doing so braced the role of Bank-e Sakhtemani in land-use strategies, and as a result, a series of new neighbourhoods was constructed in Tehran, such as Kuy-e Narmak (1951-58), Kuy-e Nazi-Abad (1952-54), and Tehran-Pars (1958-72). Among these neighbourhoods, Narmak played a crucial role in forming modern Tehran's Identity, and the project created a strong collective identity among its residents. Situated in the North-Eastern part of Tehran, Narmak was constructed on an area of 507 hectares, from which around 200 hectares was allocated to the public and collective amenities. This project aimed at accommodating 25,000 residents; however, it houses approximately 340,000 inhabitants, at present.  To understand this adaptability, the spatial organisation of Narmak and its development should be studied. The urban layout of Narmak proposed a series of public outdoor spaces including a grid of linear gardens (Chaharbagh), and 110 enclosed gardens (Meydan) allocated to each respective block. In the block layout, houses were located around the edges of Meydans, and the repetition of this pattern provided the urban structure of Narmak. In this structure, Chaharbaghs and Meydans have become the permanent constituting a frame around which change could take place. Although these public spaces have remained unchanged, based on new needs, the inhabitants have had the possibilities to transfer their low-rise houses to mid-rise apartments, and adapt their private spaces. Therefore, by analysing Narmak's urban form and development, this paper reveals typological elements, socio-cultural characteristics, and economic features that led to the survival and resilience of this modern urban form over times. Understanding the development of this model demonstrates whether the process of modernisation through affordable housing practices in a non-western country such as Iran presents a sense of continuity in the structure, meaning, character and identity of place, or generates a sense of disjuncture.


The safety problem is the primary factor that should be viewed in the regenerative braking system design of vehicles. To ensure braking safety and battery safety of the electrical vehicles (EVs) a regenerative braking system contain us two fuzzy logic controllers is designed in the paper. In the system, one controller includes slip coefficient, vehicle speed and the driver's brake requirement to ensure braking security and the other takes battery State of Charge (SOC) and temperature as inputs to assure battery safety. Then, two proportional coefficients [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] satisfying the safety needs are introduced into the braking system. At last, the simulation model is established in the simulation software-ADVISOR (ADvanced VehIcle SimulatOR). Through simulation, the results verify that more energy can be regenerated from braking under the conditions of ensuring braking and batteries safety.


During double blind placebo controlled trial the condition of peripheral microcirculation in 135 patients with disturbances of function of a hand in the early regenerative period of an ischemic stroke against a rehabilitation course optimised by dynamic electroneurostimulation was studied. After a three-week rehabilitation course with inclusion of dynamic electroneurostimulation, it was revealed the decrease (in 1,6 times) initially raised indicator of a reserve of a capillary blood-groove in parethical extremity while carrying out the functional tests, the increase in time of semirestoration of a blood-groove in 1,7 times and a microcirculation indicator during the period of occlusion in 1,4 times from reference values that authentically exceeded indicators in group of placebo and specified in significant improvement of peripheral microcirculation.


A method is shown for the design of series compensators for type 1 and type 0 control systems. It is based on the use of the contour of constant closed loop phase angle, α = - 90°, and assumes second order response specifications such as closed loop relative damping. The compensator parameters are determined from the intersection point of the open loop frequency response locus and a design curve which originates at a design point. The method yields directly an equivalent second order model which may be used to approximate the transient response of the compensated closed loop system.


Treatability studies for polyethylene encapsulation of Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) low-level mixed wastes were conducted at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The treatability work, which included thermal screening and/or processibility testing, was performed on priority candidate wastes identified by INEL to determine the applicability of polyethylene encapsulation for the solidification and stabilization of these mixed wastes. The candidate wastes selected for this preliminary study were Eutectic Salts, Ion Exchange Resins, Activated Carbons, Freon Contaminated Rags, TAN TURCO Decon 4502, ICPP Sodium Bearing Liquid Waste, and HTRE-3 Acid Spill Clean-up. Thermal screening was conducted for some of these wastes to determine the thermal stability of the wastes under expected pretreatment and processing conditions. Processibility testing to determine whether the wastes were amenable to extrusion processing included monitoring feed consistency, extruder output consistency, waste production homogeneity, and waste form performance. Processing parameters were not optimized within the scope of this study. However, based on the treatability results, polyethylene encapsulation does appear applicable as a primary or secondary treatment for most of these wastes.


The expansion of a radial blast shell into an ambient plasma is modeled with a particle-in-cell simulation. The unmagnetized plasma consists of electrons and protons. The formation and evolution of ...


Studies of nanofluids have showed that they have non-standard properties. In particular, transport processes in nanofluids, their viscosity and thermal conductivity are not described by classical theories. At present the molecular dynamics (MD) method is widely used to model transport processes in nanofluids. This method, in its turn, requires knowing appropriate interaction potentials. To stabilize nanofluids, in particular, to prevent aggregation of nanoparticles sur-factants are used. In addition to homogeneous nanoparticles, composite nanoparticles are of great practical interest. The purpose of this paper is to construct interaction potentials of surfactant coated nanoparticles and composite ones with each other and with molecules of the carrier medium. A nanofluid consisting of a carrier fluid (gas or liquid) and surfactant coated nanoparticles or composite ones is considered. The particles are assumed to be solid and spherical. The interaction between the atoms of the nanoparticles and molecules of the carrier medium is described by Len-nard-Jones potentials with the appropriate parameters. Also, Lennard-Jones potentials describe the interaction of atoms of two nanoparticles with each other. The interaction potential of a mole-cule of the carrier medium with this nanoparticle is given as a sum of the potentials of this mole-cule with all the atoms of the nanoparticle. Similarly, the interaction potential of two nanoparticles is determined. In both above cases, the solid is approximated by the continuum model. The potentials obtained are intended for modeling of transport processes in nanofluids containing surfactant coated nanoparticles and composite ones as a dispersed element and their flows. kinetic theory fluid laminar-turbulent mathematical


Concentrations of total nonstructural carbohydrates, N, P and K in different plant parts of rice were analyzed at stages of plant development. Differences between crop seasons were also studied to investigate the physiological causes of low yield of the second crop rice. Accumulation of total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) in culms and leaf sheaths was most evident during the period of panicle development. Highest TNC concentration was recorded earlier in the second crop (25 days before heading) than in the first crop (18 days before heading) for rices grown in Taichung. It occurred at heading stage in both crops in Taipei area. The first crop rice accumulated significantly higher amount of TNC in culms at panicle emergence than the second crop rice. Concentration of N was higher in leaf blades whereas those of P and K were higher in culms and leaf sheaths. Nitrogen concentration in plant tissues was higher in the first crop during the vegetative growth stage but the difference between crops was less significant as rices grew toward heading. Leaf blades of the second crop rice were considerably lower in K concentration than those of the first crop rice throughout the whole developmental period. Less TNC stored in culms and leaf sheaths before heading, lower K concentration in leaf blades, and the composition, rather than concentration, of N were suggested as possible physiological causes affecting yield potential of the second crop rice in Taiwan.


This paper examines the traffic behavior of the Hicom® LAN CP ring in connection with the transm.ission of packet-switched data. The ring in question is a token ring using the single-token o.peratl~n and chaining. The sp.ecific application of the CP ring results in very large ring lengths. Slmulatlons are used to determine performance characteristics of the ring such as transfer delays and token rotation times. The study also includes asymmetric load and different service strategies. The overall results show that if a suitable chaining parameter is selected, a throughput close to one can be achieved even with large ring lengths. 1 The Hicom ® LAN CP ring The Hicom LAN CP ring (Circuit Packet Switched Ring) is a local area network for the simultaneous transmission of circuitswitched and packet-switched data over a common fiber optic cable [11. To achieve this, the transmission rate of the medium is split into two sections. one for the transmission of circuit-switched data, the other for the transmission of packet-switched data. The CP ring is thus an ideal backbone network for linking ISONand LAN-oriented subnetworks. The following examples are typical CP ring applications: • networking of PABXs (circuit switching section) • connection of remote switches (circuit switching section) • multipoint networking of CSMAlCO subnetworks by way of MAC bridge functions (packet switching section).


Incidents and forced evacuations related to unsafe picric acid are becoming less common, but they remain a cause for concern.


The title compound, C9H12N2O3, was synthesized by the reaction of ethyl 2-(4-methoxyphenoxy)acetate with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol. In the acetohydrazide group, the N—N bond is relatively short [1.413 (2) Å], suggesting some degree of electronic delocalization in the molecule. In the crystal, molecules are linked into sheets lying parallel to the ab plane by N—H⋯N and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.


The Birmingham hip resurfacing (Smith & Nephew, Tennessee) (BHR) has been used in younger more active patients. Aim We report on our experience of 206 BHR procedures in patients aged 50 years or less with a minimum ten year follow-up. Clinical outcome scores, body mass index (BMI), gender and age were analysed to investigate resurfacing outcomes. Methods 200 patients (158 males and 42 females) with an average operation age of 43.33 years (SD ±5.66) were investigated. There were 6 bilateral procedures The mean follow-up period was 12.44 years (SD ±1.71). The arthroplasties were completed between April 1999 and December 2002 by one surgeon. Data and outcome measurements were collected prospectively and analysed retrospectively. We evaluated Harris Hip Scores, Short Form-36 (SF-36v2) Scores, Tegner Activity Score Scores and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index Scores (WOMAC) comparatively at preoperative, six month and yearly intervals. Results In 1 patient the implant was in situ at the time of death. Revision was carried out in 5 hips (2.4%) at a mean time period of 3.2 years (0–8) post-operatively. Failure was due to femoral neck fracture, acetabular loosening and avascular necrosis of the femoral head, leading to loosening. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed survivorship of 97.6%. The mean Harris Hip scores (paired t -test, p t -test, p t -test, p Conclusion In this demanding group of patients, without any restrictions to physical activity, the results of this procedure at 10 years are most encouraging. However, concerns remain in relation to the effect of elevated metal ions, tissue sensitivities, and anatomical variations, such as hip dysplasia, which may impact on function and success.


Cali, sports capital, civic city and seat of drug trafficking, three urban social representations, is the title the research made to complete the master studies in sociology. In these three social representations, the reader will find the results about the last urban images addressed in the review of the local newspaper El Pais. The most significant fact is the death of the head of the so-called poster of Medellin, Pablo Escobar, at the end of 1993. Here it's described how did that image was created, who impulse it, why, and what was the relationship with the social reality of the city then. In the end, some conclusions are given, and these give an account at the inner dynamic of the formation and operation of a social representation in context.


Clockwise and Counterclockwise Rotation in AFL Model. Introdaction: In the development of atrial flutter due to reentry, the crista terminalis is supposed to pose a conduction barrier, but the role of its longitudinal conduction in determining the propagation pattern of the reentrant impulse is not known. In rahbit right atrial preparations, we induced reentrant atrial tachycardias and examined the effects of transverse section of the crista terminalis on the development and conduction patterns of arrhythmias.


Christianity was not born in a vacuum. It was fed from the fonts of religious turmoil in the Near East and from the rich philosophical and literary tapestry of Hellenism. To define itself as a unified and institutionalized religion, however, it had to divide and suppress two related tendencies: to purge itself of many gnostic tendencies that claimed a special place for divine knowledge over that of faith, and to relegate classical and Hellenistic learning to definite but limited roles. Greek philosophy had to be tamed, making it a useful adjunct, rather than a competitive educational system that might tempt the mind to prideful erudition. 2 These processes of co-option, transformation, expulsion and suppression were the midwives of Christianity and Christendom. Gnostic bodies of thought were related trends that emerged as the distained sisters, but not the twins, of early Christianity. Gnosticism is indeed 'a modern construction' rather than a unified body of ancient thought, as noted by Michael Williams. 3 However, the sociological construction of religion is itself a modern phenomenon. In this case, several different types of counter-canon, social protest, and demiurge polemics overlap, though no single group was likely to demonstrate all the features of the modern construct of Gnosticism. 4 It may thus be safer to 'speak of Gnosticisms rather than Gnosticism'. 5 Nonetheless, certain patterns of thought, focused on discontent with a flawed creation and the desire for a direct knowledge that would lift one beyond rigid dogma, are shared by most groups identified as 'gnostic'. 1 The views in The Culture Mandala are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views, position or policies of the Centre for East-West Cultural and Economic Studies. Bearing in mind the controversial debates now occurring in International Relations and East-West studies, the editors publish diverse, critical and dissenting views so long as these meet academic criteria. 2 For the powerful amalgam of thought, culture and politics that such learning could constitute, see JAEGER, Werner & HIGHET, Gilbert Paideia, Vols I-III, N.Y, OUP, 1986. 3


This paper lays emphasis on thedevelopment of low cost controllers for stepper motors in contrast to its resource limitations such as memory size, few I/O pins and computing power compared to High-end designs. The microchip AVR ATtiny45 microcontroller was employed alongside a redesigned (reduced-input pin count) pulse distribution circuit for two H-Bridge drivers. The motor can rotate in both directions as well as possible speed control. The concept of the motor control signals was modeled in Matlab/Simulink, firmware was written in Atmel AVRStudio development environment, while theoverall design was carried out in Proteus software followed by Hardware implementation. Total material cost is about $5 which would be less in commercial production cases.