Sprays were applied to single-tree plots in a randomized block design consisting of 2 replicates of York Imperial and 4 replicates of Golden Delicious. Treatments were applied with an airblast sprayer at 25 gpa/alternate side spray driven at 2 mph. Rates for treatments are listed as amounts/acre/both sides spray. Spray dates for treatments were: May 20 and 27; Jun 4, 14, 21 and 28; Jul 6, 15 and 26; Aug 3, 11, 20 and 27; and Sept 3. Fungicides applied during the season were: Cyprex, Polyram, sulfur, oaptan, zineb and calcium chloride. Average temperatures were: May 66UF, Jun 67°F, Jul 78°F, Aug 74°F and Sept 63°F. Rainfall in inches totaled: May 2.45, Jun 6.65, Jul 3.00, Aug 1.80 and Sept 2.65. Effectiveness on apple aphid was evaluated by counting aphid infested leaves/10 top terminals, and aphids/most infested leaf/infested terminal. Effect of the sprays on white apple leafhopper was evaluated by counting nymphs/25 leaves/tree. Effectiveness of test chemicals on European red mite and two-spotted spider mite was evaluated by counting mites several times during the season on samples of 15 leaves/tree, 90 leaves/treatment. Effects of sprays on the predator S. punctum were evaluated by 3-minute counts of adults and larvae around the periphery of the test trees. Effectiveness of chemicals on fruit feeders was assessed by scoring for injury all drops after Jul 1, and 2 pick samples on Aug 17 and Sept 21. Apple samples averaged 137 fruits/replicate and 822/treatment.


ABSTRACT Contrast-induced acute kidney injury is not a rare event after exposure to contrast media, and affects approximately 1 to 2% of patients in general radiological imaging procedures. The incidence of contrast-induced acute kidney injury is even higher among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, and ranges from 3 to 19% according to the patient's risk profile. It is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, hospital length-of-stay and healthcare costs. Hence, since there is no targeted treatment after its onset, identifying high [...]


[2]Ferrocenophanes, the ring tilted ferrocene derivatives, were oxidized with iodine in benzene and studied by means of Mossbauer spectroscopy. The quadrupole splitting value of the compounds is found to be 3.70 mms−1 at 78 K, which is one of the largest found in ferrocene derivatives, suggesting the presence of a strong direct interaction between iron atoms and iodine atoms. The results were compared with [3] and [4] ferrocenophane's polyiodides.


This study was conducted to investigate the use of human fibroblast or HaCaT cells for in vitro screening cell cultures derived from human skin. Four groups of surfactants (nonionic, anionic, cationic and amphoteric) were tested on human skin fibroblasts and HaCaT cells to assess their cytotoxic potential as models for skin irritancy testing. The cytotoxicity is determined in cultured cells by Alamar Blue (AB) assay as an in vitro alternative model. The irritation potential of surfactants by human skin patch test, and the changes of capillary permeability by rabbit intradermal safety test were assessed as in vivo methods. The results of the cytotoxicity tests in both fibroblasts and HaCaT cells show a good correlation with the skin irritation potential by human patch test. There was slightly better correlation between the in vitro responses in fibroblasts and human patch test scores (r=0.867) than in HaCaT cells (r=0.812). This result suggest that AB assay using cultured human fibroblast or HaCaT cell could be predictable methods for the irritancy of various surfactants in humans.


Using digital technologies can support the flow and use of digital information in a timelier manner both within and between production systems. Smart manufacturing systems use these enabling technologies to maximize the capabilities' cost, delivery, flexibility, and quality. The focus in industry so far has mainly been on the technologies and systems, but to succeed in digitalization, it is vital to understand how the technologies can be put into practice to meet the needs of an industrial organization. The focus of this article is to demonstrate how digital technologies can be used to enable data from production systems to inform decisions and generate value for an organization. This article showcases this with examples from real-world industrial cases, and the technologies used are 3-D laser scanning and 5G communication. The 3-D laser scanning is used to collect spatial data to build a virtual representation of a factory, and 5G is utilized to collect machine data from various data sources, e.g., the machine computer and external sensors. The results show that available data can support multiple roles in the organization and throughout the different phases of a production system. The status of the machine can be monitored in real time, a design can be evaluated against a system's behavior, an organization can learn from the data transformed into information, and the virtual representation provides a very accurate and photorealistic representation of a system as-is. Digital technologies can enable more data representing the system and support the organization in knowing more about their processes when used in the right way.


The quantum theory of the three-energy-level two-mode laser in which all the levels are being pumped is investigated and the master equation of the laser operation is obtained. It contains two variables, ${n}_{1}$, the photon number of the first mode, and ${n}_{2}$, the photon number of the second mode. There appear four terms in the master equation which represent two-photon processes between the two modes, the absorption of a photon from one mode, and emission of a photon to the other. They are absent in the single-mode case and in the two-mode case with pumping only to the upper level. The master equation can be represented by a diagram of probability in two dimensions which can be extended to infinity, and each arrow of it represents a term on the right-hand side of the master equation. By summing each variable (${n}_{1}$ or ${n}_{2}$) of the master equation, two equations can be obtained. Each equation contains only one variable, and can be expressed by a diagram of probability flow in one dimension. By considering the correspondence between macroscopic equilibrium and microscopic detailed balance the equations of motion in the steady state are obtained. By introducing a parameter $H$, the equation of motion is simplified and a formal solution can be deduced which is dependent on $H$. It appears that the parameter $H$ cannot be fully determined, but some properties of it can be deduced which prove that the introduction of $H$ is reasonable. The operation characteristics of the laser under different conditions are discussed on the basis of the formal solution: among them are the threshold condition, the condition for one-mode operation, and the change of the photon-statistical distribution. We especially discuss the laser output power curves under two-mode operation above threshold. The curve of one mode, which oscillates first, shows a bending-down phenomenon as the excitation increases when the other mode goes beyond its threshold as demonstrated experimentally by Otsuka. This phenomenon is explained qualitatively and is attributed to the two-photon processes between the two modes.


This paper presents empirical evidence on the determinants of interest rate swap spreads in Sweden during the period 1999-2003. The results suggest that the spread between STIBOR and the general co ...


In order to improve function of traditional adhesive for antique pottery, a new type of adhesive with high adhesive strength and low dry shrinkage was prepared. It can be the optimum selection which has some social and economic benefits.


As capital markets and economies are becoming increasingly integrated via economic globalisation the number of firms seeking to connect to global capital markets and list on international stock exchanges is rapidly rising. To date there have been more than 1000 Chinese firms listed abroad. As a dynamic and emerging economy the connection of Chinese firms to global capital markets and flows has the potential to reshape the economic geography at varied scales. Despite this, there has been limited academic enquiry attending to these issues to date. Using a comprehensive dataset of overseas listed Chinese firms activity the paper addresses this research lacuna and provides a preliminary analysis of the geography of overseas listings. The paper illustrates that the trend of Chinese firms listing overseas started in the late 1980s but has grown rapidly with over half of the listing occurring in the past five years during the boom of the Chinese economy. Hong Kong, New York , Singapore, and London are the major destinations of larger Chinese firms for overseas listing while emerging markets such as Germany, South Korea, Australia, and Canada are attracting more firms. Moreover, it is found that firms in different sectors favoured different markets. Generally listing firms tend to originate from eastern China, reflecting the spatial pattern of Chinese economy. The paper unpacks this geography, the influences on why firms go public and where they list. It is argued that the state has played a critical role in determining the locational choice of overseas listings. In addition, different forms of proximity preferences do exist in overseas listings of Chinese firms. Finally, the potential impacts of this new stock market geography inside and outside China are discussed.


The digold(I) complex [Au 2 Cl 2 (Cy 2 PCH 2 PCy 2 )] reacts with 4,4'-diphenylene diboronic acid to form a triangular macrocyclic complex with twisted Au-P-C-P-Au groups at the three corners. The synthesis of the complex and its chemical oxidation produced [6]cycloparaphenylene ([6]CPP) in 59% overall yield.


I.—NAME. The Society shall be called "The Geological Society of Glasgow." II.—OBJECTS. The objects of the Society shall be— To unite, in permanent working association, the students and friends of Geological Science in Glasgow and surrounding districts. The advancement of that science, by means of periodical Meetings for its study; the reading and discussion of Papers on subjects illustrative of Geology or its allied Sciences; the exhibition and description of specimens; the delivery of Lectures; and by Excursions. The formation of a Library chiefly relating to Geology, Palæontology, Petrography, and Mineralogy. The publication of the Society's Transactions and Proceedings. III.—MEMBERS. The Society shall consist of Ordinary, Associate, Honorary, Honorary Associate, and Corresponding Members. IV.—ORDINARY AND ASSOCIATE MEMBERS. All candidates for Membership shall be proposed on the recommendation of two Members, at one Meeting, and their election put to the vote from the chair at the following Meeting, whether Ordinary or Special, provided their names shall have been announced in the Circular calling the said Meeting. If not unanimous, the vote shall be taken by ballot. The Annual Subscription shall be—for Ordinary Members—Gentlemen, 10s., and Ladies, 7s. 6d., payable upon election, and thereafter at the first Ordinary Meeting of each Session in October. A single payment of Five Guineas shall entitle any Member elected as aforesaid to be entered as a Life Member. Students attending Geological Classes shall be eligible for admission as Associate Members This 250-word extract was created in the absence of an abstract


Background: Consumer psychology is an important branch of psychology. It mainly studies the psychological phenomena and behavior laws of consumers in consumption activities, that is, it studies people's consumption behavior driven by the changes of psychological laws an d individual psychological characteristics in the process of life and consumption. The learning contents of consumer psychology include the process of consumers' psychological activities and individual psychological characteristics, the psychological influencing fac tors of consumers' consumption behavior and consumer groups, consumption situation, commodity and product factors, and the relationship between marketing communication methods and consumer psychology. As the main body of consumption in the market economy, consumers' consumption behavior and consumption psychology are affected by multiple factors, such as personal preference, social trend, commodity price and service, economic level and psychological tolerance, and then show different behavior consumption trend and dynamic mechanism. Consumer psychology focuses on the consumer demand and behavior motivation of consumers. There are differences and deviations between subjective and objective factors, and the consumer demand and motivation of different groups are also different. Only when the basic consumer demand of consumers is met can they seek higher-level and psychological needs. At the same time, the product life cycle needs to go through a stage of formation, growth, maturity and decline, and its product v alue is also different in different stages, which affects consumers' subjective judgment of val ue and consumer demand. In recent years, the profits created by China's real estate industry have contributed a lot to the healthy development of the national economy. It can not only provide the necessary means of production and production demand for the development of enterprises, but also enhance the overall material demand and spiritual civilization demand of the society. As a durable consumer commodity, the commodity price of real estate is mainly affected by the commodity value attribute and the external policy environment. Therefore, when considering consumer goods, consumers will integrate various information, and have the consumption psychology of psycholo gical "speculation"


In 1998 John Pople and Walter Kohn shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the development of wave-function theory (WFT) and density-functional theory (DFT) methods, respectively. In 2013 the Chemistry Nobel Prize was awarded to Martin Karplus, Michael Levitt, and Arieh Warshel for the development of multi-scale methods. These electronic structure methods cover a wide range of accuracy and applicability. WFT methods are very accurate and are applicable to small systems (containing dozens of atoms), DFT methods are less accurate and are applicable to larger systems (containing hundreds of atoms), whilst multi-scale methods are the least accurate and are applicable to very large systems such as proteins and enzymes. In this computational chemistry journey we use this entire range of electronic structure methods to explore catalytic mechanisms in a variety of systems, ranging from small molecules to enzymes. We use WFT methods to investigate interand intra-molecular proton transfer reactions catalyzed by inorganic acids[1,2,3,4] and to computationally design potent antioxidants.[5,6] We use DFT to explore the inversion reactions of corannulene and sumanene on graphene nano-flakes,[7] and we use multi-scale methods to decipher the catalytic mechanism of cholesterol oxidase.[8,9]


In this study I analyzed the 1089 desegregation outcomes in federal district courts that occurred between 1994 and 2004 in order to identify a) the legal and non-legal factors in the litigation process that predict pro-desegregation outcomes and b) the judicial patterns that impact the future of desegregation policy. Twenty-one legal and non-legal variables were analyzed via logistic regression analysis to identify factors that predict pro-desegregation outcomes. Only three predictor variables were statistically significant: Government Litigants; Region 3 (West) and Region 4 (Northeast.) Descriptive analyses of the data identified two trends in the pattern of litigation: The percentage of defendant wins increased after 1991 at a lesser rate than has been previously reported. I conclude that based on the results of both the quantitative and qualitative analyses the federal district courts are not a barrier to desegregation and can still be a part of a comprehensive desegregation strategy.


Bordering on the Mainland of China, Macao is a city with diverse population and is also a world-famous gambling city. The residents living in Macao are not only localresidents, but a large-scale of residents are from the Mainland of China. There are diversified living habits among different resident groups. Some of them live and work in Macao most of the time, while others cross the border between Macao and the Mainland of China frequently. These diversities result in different demands for mobile phone contract services. Machine learning and data mining are powerful tools used by telecom companies to monitor the behavior of their customers. This paper aims to build a contract service recommendation model suitable for Macao telecom companies, which can accurately recommend the best fit contract services according to call data records (CDR). Based on data mining algorithm and large number of comparative experiments, this study conducts a study on variety of factors that have effect on the contract recommendation for obtaining a composition structure of factors that have the greatest impact on contract recommendation accuracy so as to improve the operation efficiency of the model. In addition, this study makes comparisons among five classification algorithms, including Bayesian, logistic, Random trees, Decision tree (C5.0), and KNN (k-nearest neighbor). The results are analyzed by different metrics such as Gain, Lift, ROI (region of interest), Response, and Profile. Experimental results demonstrate that the best classifier is decision trees (C5.0), and the contract service obtained by this method can achieve a recommendation accuracy close to 90%, which successfully reaches the expected goal.


The dynamic response of an elastic-plastic cantilever beam subjected to step loading at its tip was studied numerically by employing large deflection governing equations and solving them expressed in the finite-difference form.The deformation mechanism and energy dissipation were explored by analyzing the instantaneous distribution of internal force,deformation and energy during the early dynamic response and were compared with those of rigid-plastic analysis.Numerical calculation indicates that the deformation mechanism is different due to the magnitude of the step loading.Elastic-plastic analysis confirms the validity of the rigid-plastic theory in dealing with the case of moderate load,and it points out the defects of the rigid-plastic method in the case of low and intense dynamic loads.Comparison with the results calculated by the small deformation theory shows that it is required to consider the large deformation effects.


Nanostructures have at least one of their dimensions in the range 1-100 nm. Fabricating new, well-defined nanoscale objects and studying their physical properties is of importance, because it can lead to the development of potentially useful materials, novel device applications, and the discovery of new physical phenomena. This thesis contains a comprehensive optical study of one-dimensional self-assembled ring- and wire-shaped nanostructures and two-dimensional semiconductor quantum well (QW) structures. The self-assembled nanorings and nanowires are fabricated by dropcasting a solution of porphyrin dodecamer molecules and monofunctional oligo(p-phenylene vinylene) (MOPV4) molecules, respectively, on a surface and allowing the solvent to evaporate. Using atomic force microscopy we show that we achieve a high level of control over the production process. Moreover, polarized fluorescence microscopy images on individual nanorings and nanowires show a pronounced emission and absorption. Using a general model that calculates the polarized response of a stack of molecules, we have determined the orientation of the molecules within the structures and we show that the internal moleculair order is very high. The optical properties of an 8 nm CdTe/CdMgTe QW are dominated by excitons (an electron bound to a hole) and trions (two electrons bound to a hole) at cryogenic temperatures. The formation of trions out of excitons and electrons is found to be determined by a dynamical equilibrium. This dynamical equilibrium consists of a chemical equilibrium, relating the trion, exciton, and electron populations, modified by finite formation and recombination times of (charged) excitons, as is evidenced by a magnetic-field dependent photoluminescence and far infrared study. Incorporation of the trion formation scheme into a rate equation model gives a proper description of the experimental data, leading to values of the formation, recombination and spin-flip times of trions and excitons that are in good agreement with results of time-resolved experiments in the literature.


Ecuador is recognized as a country rich in cultural diversity, and for this reason there is a wide variety of culinary delicacies. This diversity has resulted in the creation of distinguished traditional dishes that have been passed down from generations to generation and have become traditions characterized by each region. Neverthless, it is a natural occurence that traditional practices and or customs are threatened with the advancement of tecnology that invade our every day space. In order to preserve a culinary tradition, the idea to design a product in which someone would not only learn a recipe but also interact with the product enhancing the overall experience making it enjoyable and memorable. This product will allow a younger generation to not only learn how to make a tipical dish or a simple drink, but it will instill an appreciation for the art of preparing "Colada Morada".


With the gradual improvement of the stock market system, coupled with the increase of per capita personal income, speculating in the stock market will become the main way for residents to invest in the future. Being able to predict the return on stocks is a highly desirable thing for investors. Predicting the future trend of stocks is an essential part when investing in stocks. There are many categories of stock prediction. The purpose of this paper is to compare the ability of the ARIMA and the random forest model to predict the stock market by introducing these two models' theoretical knowledge. The results turn out that the ARIMA model is more suitable for short-term forecasting although it's essentially only valid for linear relationships. As for the random forest model, it has higher accuracy but it's more complex and computationally expensive. Overall, these results shed light on guiding further exploration of stock price prediction based on the state-of-art machine learning scenarios.


End stage kidney disease patients have an extremely high risk cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. It has been hypothesized that hemodiafiltration, as opposed to the standard dialsysis modality hemodialysis, could diminish this cardiovascular risk due to superior removement of uremic toxins. The aims of this thesis were: (1) to study the relation between structural and functional cardiovascular markers and mortality / cardiovascular events in ESKD patients (2) to study determinants of change (including dialysis modality) in structural and functional cardiovascular markers of risk in ESKD patients and (3) to assess what determines convection volume and how convection volume changes over time. To research these aims, data was used from patients participating in the CONvective TRAnsport STudy (CONTRAST): a randomized controlled trial comparing hemodialysis and hemodiafiltration in terms of overall mortality and cardiovascular events. In this thesis we did not find determinants of cardiovascular markers in dialysis patients that could easily be modified in daily clinical practice (nor in terms of treatment guidelines nor in terms of dialysis modality). Thus future research should focus on prevention of reaching these abnormal values of cardiovascular surrogate markers in earlier stages of CKD. Another option would be to explore the effect of more intensified dialysis programs on these markers. A meta-analysis of three large RCTs showed that HDF patients seem to have a lower overall and cardiovascular mortality as compared to HD. A high convection volume is related to a lower mortality risk. In this thesis we show that treatment related dialysis characteristics and hospital specific aspects are more important in determining the magnitude of convection volume than intrinsic patient characteristics. Future studies should focus on whether it is feasible to achieve higher volumes in the majority of patients, and, if this is indeed the case, whether high prescribed convection volumes indeed lead to a better survival.


A sampling technology for infrared spectrosco- py was devoloped.The sampling technology is based on pure KBr discs,which mimic the liquid sample cell instead of crystal salt windows.With this sampling technology,the spectrum quality is well enough as with the traditional methods.Further more,it could make up the disadvantages of the traditonal ones. It is a simple,economical and efficient sampling technology for infrared spectroscopy.


e13606Background: neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) – are relatively rare tumors with the different malignant potential. National databases are created in different countries for adequate treatment control and investigation in occurrence factors. The most well-known of them are SEER database from the USA and NRS from the Norway. We decided to create independent Russian Epidemiology Neuroendocrine tumors Database – the "REND" – register to collaborate information about patients with NETs Methods: the REND was created in 2016 in Moscow, Russia and based on the "MOLNEO" society for treatment of neuroendocrine tumors. Official start was done at the September 5, 2016. Information about patients carried out with official software "регистр МОЛНЭО" version 1.0.29. Results: 13 centers in different regions of Russia took part in the REND project. After 13 month of work there were 1596 cases of NETs registered. Major cohort became young patients (45-65 years old) – in 43% cases. Most of them were gut NETs – 61%, less the...


The international finance crisis's impact, causes our country economic growth way reforming acceleration, the readjustment of the economic structure situation is stern. Anhui economic growth situation risk intensifies, investment actuation economical leading highlights once more. This article elaborated objectively the international finance crisis invests the influence which to Anhui Province grows, analyzed Anhui Province to guarantee a series of special operational policy measures which thoroughly the investment grew, and the effect which produced to these special operational policy measures carries on the analysis. To further advanced Anhui Province based on the investment growth theory and the economic growth isostatic theory to guarantee the investment moderate increase to put forward five countermeasure proposals.


The effects of cumulus convection on the dispersion of passive tracers are considered in the framework of a mesoscale model, where the subgrid‐scale clouds are parametrized. the parametrization uses a 'mass‐flux' scheme, where guidance on vertical fluxes and cloud cover is obtained from a cloud‐resolving large‐eddy model run, and applied to the one‐dimensional time‐dependent vertical transport model. A set of three one‐dimensional schemes is presented, the simplest of which contains approximations which are appropriate to, and commonly used in large‐scale models. On the mesoscale, however, it is postulated that these approximations are no longer valid and a less idealised scheme is necessary.


Modern robotics research has developed a mature family of planners for solving robot motion planning problems, but task space problems (where we want to reason about objects) remain difficult. Other approaches for solving what are often referred to as combined task and motion planning problems rely on bringing logical problem structure into the design of the high level planner. While programming assumptions around logical problem structure cannot be avoided, we propose the multistep planning approach which maintains high level generality while pushing these logical assumptions to a lower level of the program. Through experiments on a real robot and in simulation we demonstrate the ability of this architecture to solve real (though small) problems. We also demonstrate how carefully chosen heuristics can be key to making this approach faster. Note to Practitioners: This paper proposes techniques for using multi-step planning to solve problems defined in the way we would like objects to move in the space, rather than how we would like the robot to move. Successful applications of this technique will depend of the ability of the practitioner to define useful families of planning spaces, and provide algorithms that can plan and sample states in those families. Additionally, in order to get good performance, particularly on larger problems, the practitioner should provide an informative heuristic that matches the cost function used in the planning process. Our results suggest that with good heuristics, multi-step planning could be a practical technique for problems with relatively small search complexity, and suggest the potential for developing stronger heuristics to target larger problems.


The article discusses the issues of negative anthropogenic impact on the populations of rare birds of prey in Primorsky Krai and the possibility of reducing this impact on the wild avifauna. Injuries were diagnosed in two Steller's sea eagles and the causes of the injuries were analyzed. The authors point out that in the context of decreasing biological diversity, the creation of rehabilitation centers for wild animals and birds can improve the indicators of the viability of populations of representatives of wild avifauna.


The Methodist Committee for Overseas Relief (MCOR) was one of the first and largest denominational relief and development agencies in the nation from 1940 to 1968. Its ecumenical engagement was robust from the start; it was one of the largest donors to United China Relief, Church World Service, and other ecumenical overseas relief organizations during this time. This article provides a decade by decade assessment of MCOR's work with particular attention to (1) its ecumenical engagement in relief and development efforts; (2) the relationship of MCOR's work to the wider context of overseas relief and development efforts by nongovernmental, bilateral, and multilateral agencies; (3) the stated theological justification of MCOR's work as it related to the wider mission of the church and specifically the Methodist Board of Missions and Church Extension. The article concludes with reflections on the implications of this study for the future work of the United Methodist Committee on Relief.


In this paper, a study of the adaptive control applied to the excavator arm is proposed. Actually, the excavator arm can be considered as a 3-D link arm, which structure is wildly employed in the engineering. Due to the existing of the non-constant parameter term in the dynamic equation when arm is moving, it is important to design a controller to stabilize a system under commands such that the trajectory of the arm can follow the desired path. By proposing the adaptive control law, it is shown our goals can be achieved.


Objective To formulate a core competency evaluation index system for emergency specialized nurses.Methods Seventeen experts were consulted by two-round Delphi method.The weight of each index was determined by hierarchy analysis.Results The index system consisted of five first-dimensions,15 second-dimensions and 55 items.The Cr,Ca and familiarity coefficient was 0.89,0.85,and 0.93,respectively.The coordination coefficients of the first-dimension and the second-dimension were 0.37 and 0.61,respectively.Conclusion The core competency evaluation index system is reliable and valid,which can provide objective and quantitative standards for the employment,training and evaluation of emergency specialized nurses.


BackgroundPublic Health England's (PHE) Syphilis Action Plan was launched in 2019 to address the recent increase in the number of infectious syphilis diagnoses including cases of congenital syphilis (CS). As part of the maternity strand of the Action Plan, the PHE Infectious Diseases in Pregnancy Screening (IDPS) programme's Integrated Screening Outcomes Surveillance Service (ISOSS) are conducting enhanced data collection of all cases of CS seen in England since 2015 (when previous surveillance ceased).ObjectivesTo describe the current picture of congenital syphilis in England using population-level data.MethodsISOSS is part of PHE's IDPS programme and conducts UK population-level surveillance of the screened-for infections in pregnancy (HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B) and congenital rubella. ISOSS builds on the established National Surveillance of HIV in Pregnancy and Childhood (running for >30 years). Confirmed/suspected CS cases diagnosed since 2015 are reported to ISOSS. Enhanced data collection, commenced in 2019, is conducted for any England-born children following the established process for HIV vertical transmissions. ISOSS interview all clinicians involved in the care of the mother and baby during and after pregnancy. A Clinical Expert Review Panel (CERP) of relevant clinical specialists is convened to establish circumstances surrounding transmissions, any contributing factors and identify learning to inform national guidelines and policy. In addition, data on all pregnancies to women who screen positive for syphilis and their infants has been reported to ISOSS from 2020.Results24 cases of CS have been reported to ISOSS and are currently part of the enhanced data collection. Year of birth ranged from 2015–2020 and cases were reported from London (5), North (10), South (7), Midlands and East of England (2). The majority of infants were born to white, UK-born women and median age of mothers at delivery was 22 years (IQR: 21, 25). Early findings show that around a third of mothers screened negative in pregnancy, becoming infected with syphilis before delivery;other factors arising included late booking and missed or delayed referral and/or treatment during pregnancy or after the birth.ConclusionsISOSS provides the only population-level data collection on CS in England. Findings to date, including a number of seroconversions, demonstrate the importance of ongoing monitoring and surveillance of CS. The CERP of the 24 cases will identify themes and make recommendations to inform screening policies and clinical guidelines for the IDPS programme, PHE Sexually Transmitted Infections team and BASHH. The recently launched maternity syphilis surveillance will provide robust insights and contexts including a national vertical transmission rate and the impact of COVID-19 to contribute to the wider strategy for the PHE's Syphilis Action Plan maternity strand project.


Chromosome numbers were determined for 44 taxa of Impatiens. Ten of these are reported for the first time, of which one is the first record for a species native to Borneo. Chromosome numbers ranged from n = 3 to n = 24. Three new dysploid cytotypes were observed. A chromosome number of n = 17, previously recorded only from Thailand and Malaysia, was found in a South Indian taxon whose putative hybrid origin is discussed. The frequency of the different chromosome numbers occurring in the genus (n = 3 to n = 33) is summarized and dysploidy and polyploidy are discussed.


Dragon in a Three-Piece Suit is an innovative sociological examination of what is perhaps the main engine of economic reform in China, the large industrial firm. Doug Guthrie, who spent more than a year in Shanghai studying firms, interviewing managers, and gathering data on firms' performance and practices, provides the first detailed account of how these firms have been radically transformed since the mid-1980s. With its combination of rigorous argument and uniquely rich detail, this book gives us the most complete picture yet of Chinese economic reform at the crucial level of the industrial firm.


Department of crisis conditions and psychosomatic disorders of Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine: from creation to the present day, the stages and prospects of development.


Empirical procedures firmly entrenched in the habits of good doctors seem to have a vigor and life, not to say immortality of their own. It is difficult to alter them. The whole field of analgesics, especially the narcotics, offers many ready examples of this, and of these, preanesthetic medication will be considered here. Anyone who has watched the hair-raising struggles of a poorly guided novice with an ether cone can understand how the early anesthetists must have welcomed any help they could get to subdue their struggling, retching, half-asphyxiated patients. There can be little doubt that in those early and troubled times the suggestion in 1850 of Lorenzo Bruno 1 of Turin that morphine be used in preanesthetic medication seemed helpful. A couple of decades later the great Claude Bernard 2 gave the practice his approval, and it has lasted down to the present. It is possible, in the light


In this computer age, the number of small scale software organizations is growing rapidly. A major known problem is chaotic development process yielding low quality of products and unrepeatable successes. This problem has made the survival effort even harder and decreasing the potency of the organization to grow bigger. Two things that are needed to be stressed are the set up of a process model and the effort to implement continuous software process improvement (SPI). However, small scale organizations have specific characteristics that should be carefully considered in choosing an appropriate process model and SPI concept. A qualitative-ethnographic study was chosen to get an in depth understanding of the specific context, that was conducted on a small organization. A recommendation is proposed based on the insight that is fit for the organization.


To solve the sparsity problems of recommender systems,a recommendation method is designed by means of the combination of the non-neighbouring sequential pattern mining algorithms and the item-based Collaborative Filtering(CF) recommendation algorithms.By constructing the Markov probability transfer matrix according to the paths weight sum algorithms,it computes the recommendation possibility of resources and recommends to users.Experimental results show that,on the condition of sparse data,it can improve the recommendation quality compared with the traditional item-based Collaborative Filtering recommendation algorithms.


To control the thickness of a concrete retaining wall, natural radioactivity logging was carried out in the drains and drainage openings of this wall. The method uses the fact that there exists a marked contrast in radioactivity between concrete and marble. Details are given of the measurement method used and of the utilization of the charts obtained. /TRRL/


Effect of rock mass characteristics of high rock slope on seismic stability H L Yao, J Liu, M L Hu & A L Che To cite this article: H L Yao, J Liu, M L Hu & A L Che (2011) Effect of rock mass characteristics of high rock slope on seismic stability, Materials Research Innovations, 15:sup1, s590-s593, DOI: 10.1179/143307511X12858957676993 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1179/143307511X12858957676993


Objective. The purpose of this case report is to present a digital mandibular tracing technique used to evaluate a patient with temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD). Clinical features. A 65-year-old Caucasian female patient presented with chronical jaw pain in her temporomandibular joint (TMJ) area. The patient describes a dental history of orthodontic and prosthodontic treatment. Orally patient exhibits super erupted teeth, multiply fractured restorations, facial gingival recession, and rotated teeth. The patient also had an uneven occlusal plane and non-working side contact at maxillary first and mandibular second molars. Evaluation and outcome. A digital mandibular tracing technique, cone beam computed tomography, and full-arch optical impressions were used to evaluate the patient's condition. The left condyle was slightly flat compared to the right one on the anterior surface. Limited protrusion and lateral movements and asymmetric border movements were detected. Apparently, an incomplete orthodontic treatment at the patient's early age, iatrogenic mandibular anterior restorations, and hit and slight effect are considered as causes for Temporo-mandibular joint problems. The recommended treatment plan sequence for this patient is an occlusal adjustment, replacement of defective restorations and fabrication of an occlusal guard for one of the arches. Conclusion. Digital mandibular tracing system can help the dentist to diagnose and analyze the causes of TMD patient specifically and individually. It also provides quick resolution and management for patients with TMD.


Novel aromatic poly(etheraroylhydrazides), PEHZ, incorporating a methylenic sequence (with number of -CH 2 -units m = 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12) in the main chain, have been obtained by solution polycondensation and characterized with several techniques. In particular, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Wide Angle X-ray Scattering (WAXS) gave interesting results. The complex thermal behavior and the lattice parameters of these linear polyhydrazides are a function of the number of methylene units present in the flexible segment. The relationships we found suggest a model: a polymer with disorder in aliphatic segment layers while preserving chain periodicity, that is the classical model of conformationally disordered crystalline polymer.


The presence of cis-vinylene bonds in Gilch-polymerized poly[2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] is reported. Through fractionation, species with a weight-average molecular weight of less than 37,000 exhibited an abnormal blueshift of photoluminescence spectra in toluene solutions, and this was attributed to the presence of cis-vinylene bonds, as verified by NMR spectroscopy. Surprisingly, the fractionated species (∼1 wt %) with a weight-average molecular weight of 5000 were mostly linked by the cis-vinylene bonds. The concentration decreased with the molecular weight until a molecular weight of 37,000 was reached; at that point, the polymer chains contained mainly trans-vinylene bonds. Obviously, the formation of cis-vinylene bonds strongly inhibited the growth of polymer chains during Gilch polymerization. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 2520–2526, 2005


The joint multifractal analysis is usually conducted in two different variables for their cross-correlations but rarely used for two records of one variable collected at two different places. It is important for the detection of change in multifractality in space. Besides, the cross-correlations in two analyzed series make the analysis of sources of joint multifractality difficult. There are few studies on the source of joint multifractality. We focus on the two issues for two level records at pairs of adjacent sites along one river and carry out an extension of our previous work which is about the single multifractality of one record with the same data set. The data set is collected from 10 observation stations of a northern China river and contains about two million high-frequency river level records. Results of joint multifractal analysis via multifractal detrended cross-correlation analysis show that the change in joint multifractality at pairs of adjacent sites caused by weak cross-correlations can be detected by comparing the single generalized Hurst exponent with the joint scaling exponent function and reveal the effects of human activities on joint multifractality. This analysis provides an approach for detecting the change in multifractality. Following the idea of our previous work, two robust hypothesis tests via a set of pairs of surrogate series are proposed for the source testing of joint multifractality. The analysis of the effects of cross-correlations is carried out via a proposed simultaneously half-shifting technique which can both minimize the cross-correlations between original series and make full use of records. Results of source analysis show not only the effects of autocorrelations in series and probability distribution of river levels but also the effects of cross-correlations between series.


Stopping five common surgical procedures that are costly and provide limited benefit to patients, including inappropriate gastroscopy and inguinal hernia repair without troublesome symptoms, could save the NHS £135m (€153m; $177m) a year, a study has estimated.1

"Identifying and stopping low value services represents a significantly greater opportunity for efficiency savings than previously thought," said the researchers, led by Humza Malik, clinical research fellow at Imperial College London, …


BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to compare steps·d-1 between an accelerometer and pedometer in 2 free-living samples.

METHODS
Data from 2 separate studies were used for this secondary analysis (Sample 1: N = 99, Male: n = 28, 20.9 ± 1.4 yrs, BMI = 27.2 ± 5.0 kg·m-2, Female: n = 71, 20.9 ± 1.7 yrs, BMI = 22.7 ± 3.0 kg·m-2; Sample 2: N = 74, Male: n = 27, 38.0 ± 9.5 yrs, BMI = 25.7 ± 4.5 kg·m-2, Female: n = 47, 38.7 ± 10.1 yrs, BMI = 24.6 ± 4.0 kg·m-2). Both studies used identical procedures and analytical strategies.

RESULTS
The mean difference in steps·d-1 for the week was 1643.4 steps·d-1 in Study 1 and 2199.4 steps·d-1 in Study 2. There were strong correlations between accelerometer- and pedometer-determined steps·d-1 in Study 1 (r = .85, P < .01) and Study 2 (r = 0.87, P < .01). Bland-Altman plots indicated agreement without bias between steps recorded from the devices in Study 1 (r = -0.14, P < .17) and Study 2 (r = -0.09, P < .40). Correlations examining the difference between accelerometer-pedometer steps·d-1 and MVPA resulted in small, inverse correlations (range: r = -0.03 to -0.28).

CONCLUSIONS
These results indicate agreement between accelerometer- and pedometer-determined steps·d-1; however, measurement bias may still exist because of known sensitivity thresholds between devices.


With its unanimous adoption in October 2000, UN Resolution 1325 has emerged as the main global normative instrument for addressing peace and conflict from a gender perspective.157 The major instruments that constitute the ECOWAS peace and security architecture also emerged around the same time. The task of this chapter is to examine the extent to which the main normative instruments that make up the ECOWAS peace and security architecture meet the main demands of UN Resolution 1325. Its objective therefore is to employ UN Resolution 1325 as the yardstick for the role of gender in peace and security in West Africa. The chapter spells out the main provisions of the principal ECOWAS peace and security instruments, with a view to measuring the extent to which they comply with 1325. Such an exercise would reveal the gender gaps (if any) in the ECOWAS peace and security architecture upon which the paper puts forwards policy recommendations. Women routinely pay a disproportionately high price for conflicts. They, along with children, the aged and the physically challenged, are among the most vulnerable victims of war. Women are victims of inhuman treatment during conflict, being dehumanised and traumatised through rape and torture, forced to serve as 'bush wives' and other degrading roles in conflict and war which amount to a gross abuse of their human rights. As they are seeking to secure themselves during conflict, women also often have the duty of singularly taking care of other vulnerable groups such as children and the old. Thus, conflict imposes disproportionate and often unbearable responsibilities on women.


The accuracy of 0–36 h real-time flood forecasting is largely determined by the quantitative precipitation forecasts (QPFs), but convective weather remains a significant challenge for numerical weather prediction systems. Therefore, it is crucial to improve the QPFs' accuracies to predict and prevent flash flood disasters.


Objective Revising the diagnostic standard of Li's probability theory measuring whose abbreviation is LI's way,and approsising its value in differential diagnosis of acute cerbral vascsular diseases whose abbreviation is apoplexy. Methods Revising the diagnostic standard of Li's way according to its insufficence in clinical practice.127 cases of apoplexy were diagnosed separetly by 1-type way,2-type way,Anyi's way and Li's way.Li's way was analysed in comparison with the other way by chi-square test. Results After Li's way was revised,there was a rise than before that diagnostic conformation rates for schemic apoplexy,hemorrhagic apoplexy and total apoplexy. Between Li's way being pre-revised and revised,there is not significant difference for diagnostic conformation rates for schemic apoplexy and hemorrhagic apoplexy (P0.05),and there is significant difference for total apoplexy (P0.05). Comparing Anyi's way with Li's way for hemorrhagic apoplexy,there is significant difference between Anyi's way and pre-revised Li's way (P0.05) and there is not significant difference between Anyi's way and revised Li's way (P0.05). It has been eliminated that the unclearly diagnostic phenomenon which exist in pre-revised Li's way. Conclusions The revised Li's way has fewer items and its rhyme is simple and easy to remember. It can act as one basic way of differential diagnosis for acute cerbral vascsular diseases.


The present invention includes the steps of placing a plurality of the light emitting structure including a first conductive type semiconductor layer, active layer and second conductive type semiconductor layer on a supporting substrate; Attaching a transparent substrate having a plurality of wavelength-shifting region corresponding to each light-emitting structure on the plurality of compound semiconductor layers; Removing the support substrate; It comprises; removing at least a portion of the transparent substrate, and separated into individual semiconductor light emitting device.


Polysaccharide gums were separated from Lesquerella fendleri seed. Fracturing the seed and air classification yielded, 34% by weight, fractions enriched in gums. Water-swollen epidermal seed cells, after fracturing in a Waring Blendor and filtering, yielded a fraction that is 21% of the seed. Crude gums from hexane-extracted meal ranged from 35 to 47% depending on the amount of centrifugal force used to remove seed residue. Viscosity enhancement was greatest for the gums isolated from the fractured epidermal cells and for a gel fraction separated by a two-step process. A typical gum has a Rha:Ara:Xyl:Man:Gal:Glc molar ratio of 0.5:1.0:0.1:0.1:1.4:0.5 and contains 15% galacturonosyl residues, 14% protein, and 7% ash that is mainly Ca and Mg, which may serve as cross-linking cations for the uronic acid residues


V. Two PRELIMINARY REMARKS. VI. .FIRST ELEMENT IN THE PoWER 01' JESUS' CoMPARISONS: The Radicaineaa of their Phyelcal Baaea. VII. SEcoso ELEMENT oF PowER: Excl1111ion of Bon-contributing Detaila. VIII. THIRD ELF.MENT OF PowER: Deferred Applications. IX. .FoURTH ELEMENT oF PoWER: Effective Reveraal of Previous Figurative Uaage. X. FIFTH ELEMENT OF POWER: Antitheses. XI. SIXTH ELEMENT oF PowER: Changing a Negative to a Poaitive. XII. SE\'ESTH ELEMENT oF PowF.R: Combination. XIII. EIGHTH ELEMENT OF POWER: JJaturalneaa. XIV. NISTH ELEMENT oF PuWER: Inwardneaa. XV. POSSIBLE VALUE OF THE PRESENT STUDY.


The title compound, C15H14ClNO2, was synthesized as part of a project to generate a combinatorial library based on the fungal natural product 2-(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamide. It crystallizes as non-planar discrete molecules [the peripheral 3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl and benzyl groups are twisted out of the plane of the central acetamide group, with N—C—C—C and C—C—C—C torsion angles of −58.8 (3) and 65.0 (2)°, respectively] linked by intermolecular N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.


Considering the residual ghosting or blurring problems in video panorama synthesized by traditional approach,a new generation algorithm of large field view video panorama was proposed.Based on image registration algorithm with fast Fourier transform,the parameters of two neighboring frames image registration were calculated,and were globally optimized by advanced linear system method.For video images with moving objects,an optimal stitching line was found by heuristic optimal path search algorithm in mosaics of images,and the images were smoothed by multi-resolution theory after mosaics of images.Experimental results show that the algorithm can globally optimize the image registration parameters,smooth the image with moving objects,reduce artificial disfigurement,and enhance photo-realistic aspect of video panorama.


LBL-1302 9 RELATIVISTIC HEAVY-ION EXPERIMENTS Howei G. Pugh Nuclear Science Division Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory University of California Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A. Invited paper presented at the XII Internati Symposium on MuLtiparticle Dynam ics, Not re D June 21-26, 1981 L G This work was supported by the Director, Office of Energy Research, Division of Nuclear Physics of the Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract U-7405-ENC-48.


There is a certain relation with Actual Loading Rate (ALR) and Unit Consumption (UC) of the transportation vehicle. In order to confirm both relations more veraciously, the authors analyze how ALR changing affects UC. By using statistical software SPSS13.0 for curve fitting statistic datum in the paper, the authors consequently confirm the relation model of ALR and UC by curve fitting, and analyze that ALR changing affects UC of transportation vehicles by the model. By model analysis, ALR enhancing can reduce UC, different ALR interval, improving the same scale ALR, UC descending scale is different. When ALR is in lower interval, UC is affected bigger for improving ALR. ALR interval higher, UC is affected less. In a word, UC reducing scale is more than ALR improved scale.


The Vindhyan Basin, extending from Sasaram to Agra and Nimach, occupies an area of about 70,000 sq. miles. The Semri Series, constituting the Lower Vindhyans, show mainly argillaceous and calcareous strata with glauconitic beds and volcanics. They were subjected to diastrophism before the Upper Vindhyans, composed mainly of arenaceous and argillaceous strata, were laid down. The shape of the basin indicates that it must originally have extended in to the Lesser Himalayan region of Nepal and Garhwal-Simla. Though the Vindhyan formations have not yielded any fossils useful for a clear determination of their age, they are considered to be mainly Cambrian. The Lesser Himalayan region contains several unfossiliferous formations (Simla Slates, Jaunsars, Blainis, and Infra Krol-Krol-Tal Series) whose stratigraphic correlation has so far hinged on the view that the Blaini boulder beds are of Talchir age. Consequently the Infra-Krol, Krol and Tal Series have been correlated with the Mesozoic systems. Recent work by Boileau and his associates in the Lesser Himalayas has led them to offer a new correlation. Boileau suggests that the Vindhyans represent a good part of the Palaeozoic; that the Blaini tillites are contemporaneous with an ice age at the heginning of the Upper Vindhyan, following the diastrophism which affected the Semri Series; and that a part of the Tals are the equivalents of the Talchirs. In this paper the authors review the stratigraphy of the regions concerned and bring out the implications of the interesting correlations suggested by Boileau.


The C2B2C model is the first trendy e-commerce platform to come out of the circle, and its unique model has brought it rich revenue and wide fame. In the current academic world, there is no very detailed research on the analysis and summary of the business model and optimization suggestions and strategies of Dewu APP. Therefore, this paper analysed the C2B2C business model of Dewu based on the characteristics of Dewu's model, starting from the current development of the C2B2C business model, further analyzing the competitiveness of Dewu APP in the new e-commerce model by using the SWOT model, and studying the many effects of the business model on consumers' willingness to use e-commerce platforms. Finally, based on the information obtained and the information obtained from the research, this paper proposed to strengthen supervision and management, develop potential customers, improve the technology of the platform to attract more users, and study the strategies to achieve the innovation of the business model of Dewu. In the modernization and transformation phase, when e-commerce platforms are undergoing change, by disseminating the ideas and tactics of the business model, authors can give them the appropriate reference value and research importance for optimization and improvement.


In this paper, a new model of description of attitudes toward risks has been founded by researching on the observable fact that people's attitudes toward risks are different given the distinct conditions of risks. This model can be used for interpreting the fact that currently the harmful opportunism is widespread in our society. Based on the knowledge of attitudes toward risks, this paper analyzed the substance and inducing factors of opportunism. Moreover, it gave some strategic thoughts on opportunism prevention and encouragement of innovation which is a kind of risk-taking behavior.


Structuring, which is increasing due to the growth and the inevitable in urbanization, is one of the most important factor of urban climate change. City centers grow warmer than outer regions and due to the factors' intensity, urban heat islands form in the city. The aim of this paper is to introduce relationship between BAC (Basement Area Coefficient) and FAC (Floor Area Coefficient) datas on pixel base with the temperature values gained by remote sensing methods. The study involves juristical boundaries Anatolian and European sideof Istanbul city. The preliminary work is applied with data taken from Istanbul Region Meteorology Directorate. According to the station points, when comparison of average summer temperatures between 1975-1999 and 2000-2008 are made, increase between 1-2 Degrees Celsius is determined. In this study Landsat TM image which belongs to summer period is used. Single-channel algorithm is applied on thermal band (band 6) and land surface temperatures (LST) are determined. Building database which consist of storey and area was utilized to calculate BAC and FAC values and their maps are generated. The last step was to join all the whole raster and vector data in GIS and to accommodate them to statistical interpretation. When linear regression analyses are made on BAC and FAC data, their effect on surface temperature is 99% meaningful. According to this analysis, made for both Asian and European side, statistical results show that BAC has more effect on rising surface temperature than FAC.


To consolidate the guiding positon of the important thought of Three Represents in the realm of ideological and political education is an important and urgent objective that the present work is faced with.The establishment of the objective of building a well-offsociety in an all-round way adds meaning to the ideological and political education work and puts forward a new task.At present, of supreme importance is to have the important thought of Three Represents in command of ideological and political education work.


Report produced as part of the Green Logistics project (EPSRC and Department for Transport funded). This report contains examples of survey forms used in urban freight studies both in the UK and overseas. The studies from which these examples have been drawn range in data from 1970-2008. The purpose of the report is to provide insight into the types of questions used in different survey techniques and also into the design of survey forms. It is hoped that bringing together in a single document these examples of urban freight survey forms will be of use to researchers involved in such studies in future in planning and designing their survey work. Examples of several different types of survey techniques are provided including: Establishment surveys -- Commodity flow surveys --

Freight operator surveys --

Roadside interview surveys --

Driver surveys --

Vehicle observation surveys --

Parking surveys --

Vehicle trip diaries --

Service provider surveys


We study the prospects for excluding or discovering vectorlike leptons using multilepton events at the LHC. We consider models in which the vectorlike leptons decay to tau leptons. If the vectorlike leptons are weak isosinglets, then discovery in multilepton states is found to be extremely challenging. For the case that the vectorlike leptons are weak isodoublet, we argue that there may be an opportunity for exclusion for masses up to about 275 GeV by direct searches with existing LHC data at sqrt{s}=8 TeV. We also discuss prospects for exclusion or discovery at the LHC with future sqrt{s}=13 TeV data.


Two technological innovations in the last decade significantly influenced the diagnostic yield of prenatal cytogenetic testing: genomic microarray allowing high resolution analysis and noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) focusing on aneuploidy. To anticipate future trends in prenatal screening and diagnosis, we evaluated the number of invasive tests in our center and the number of aberrant cases diagnosed in the last decade.


The present research work inscribed in the Educational Knowledge Pedagogical and Didactic research line of the University of La Salle was interested in investigating about the imaginaries referred to the capacity of life care from the experiences of fivesecondary school teachers of four educational institutions in the city of Bogota, having as a starting point the American philosopher Martha Nussbaum's capacities approach which constitutes an alternative to the competencies approach. In this way, the understanding of care as a capacity was worked and analyzed taking into account the theoretical approaches about the Ethics of Care by Noddings (2009), The Technologies of Self and Self-care, by Foucault (1996), the ethics of otherness by Levinas (1999), the social imaginaries by Castoriadis (1998), the Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious by Jung (2010), The Anthropological Structures of the Imaginary by Durand (2004), and Modern Social Imaginaries, by Taylor (2006). In this way, certain tools were put in place to look into some living signs in teaching experiences. These were the semi-structured interview and the writing of an autobiography, which were analyzed in order to delve into the presence of the capacity of life care in teaching practices.


Effects of the hydrocarbon chain length of tetraalkylammonium bromides (TAAB) on the adsorption of ionic surfactants (sodium dodecyl sulfate,SDS;and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide,DTAB)at air/water interface have been examined by using surface tension measurements.The results showed that the electrolyte ions which are as the counterions of surface active component of surfactant play a main role in affecting the adsorption behavior of ionic surfactant at air/water interface and therefore TAAB strongly enhances the surface activities of SDS aqueous solution.By electrostatic attraction,the hydrophobic interaction between the hydrocarbon groups of TAA + and the alkyl chains of SDS take place.Such a hydrophobic interaction is pronounced in (Bu) 4NB case.At (Bu) 4NB =5 and 100 mmol·L -1 , ∏ cmc of SDS increases 4.2 and 6.2mN·m -1 , respectively, whereas pC 20 increases 2.0 and 2.1 units respectively as compared with the SDS aqueous solution without additive.


The (N, M)-bigraded Toda hierarchy is an extension of the original Toda lattice hierarchy. The pair of numbers (N, M) represents the band structure of the Lax matrix which has N upper and M lower diagonals, and the original one is referred to as the (1, 1)-bigraded Toda hierarchy. Because of this band structure, one can introduce M + N − 1 commuting flows which give a parametrization of a small phase space for a topological field theory. In this paper, first we show that there exists a natural symmetry between the (N, M)- and (M, N)-bigraded Toda hierarchies. We then derive the Hirota bilinear form for those commuting flows, which consist of two-dimensional Toda hierarchy, the discrete KP hierarchy and its Bäcklund transformations. We also discuss the solution structure of the (N, M)-bigraded Toda equation in terms of the moment matrix defined via the wave operators associated with the Lax operator and construct some of the explicit solutions. In particular, we give the rational solutions which are expressed by the products of the Schur polynomials corresponding to the non-rectangular Young diagrams.


In this paper, we propose and evaluate a MANET system to pursue the location and personal information of victims in disaster occurrence where we do not assume any fixed network infrastructures. Our proposing method gathers the information from victims' terminals with GPS receivers using ad-hoc communication through victims' terminals and vehicles. In our system, the disaster area is divided into grids and the data will be cooperatively held by the mobile terminals in each area. If the capacity to hold the data in an area is not enough, apart of the data will be relocated to neighbor areas. We have simulated our system in focus of information gathering rates and information keeping rates. Our experimental results show that the proposed system works effectively


Aim: The objective of this study is to evaluate the complications after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at the St. Marina University Hospital, Varna. Materials and Methods: The records of all patients subjected to FESS were evaluated retrospectively. The complications were classified as major (severe hemorrhage, leakage of cerebral spinal fliud, visual disturbances) and minor (mild hemorrhage, periorbital hematoma and cellulitis, subcutaneous emphysema, epiphora). Results: The records of all patients subjected to FESS in the time period March 2006 to January 2016 were retrieved from the digital patient record system of a single institution, St Marina University Hospital, in Varna, Bulgaria and evaluated retrospectively. A total of 65 patients aged 11-77 (2 children, mean age 13 +/- 2.8 years and 63 adults, mean age 46.5 +/- 13.9 years, 41 men and 24 women), who were subjected to FESS, were evaluated. Ten cases were classified as minor complications (15.3%). They included subcutaneous emphysema (n=1, 1.5%) and minimal postoperative bleeding (n=9, 13.8%). Four cases were classified as major complications (6.1%). They included severe hemorrhage, requiring transfusion, nasal packing or rehospitalization (n=3, 4.6%), and visual disturbances (n=1, 1.5%). Conclusion: FESS may be considered a relatively safe method with low rate of the complications, but as with any surgical intervention, it carries risks. According to other published reports the average rate of minor and major FESS complications is about 9% and about 0.9%, respectively.


sense, divorced from a particular activity and its grounding in practical life. It may be cultivated in specific life situations where it is necessary and adaptive. Another important difference has to do with autobiography and personalised history. The individuals we studied did not appear to have any clear sence of self-biography in the way it is implicit for us in our everydag knowledge and communication. They seemed to Jack orientations or sche~as of personalised history in their knowledge systems. This relative Jack of a model of personalised life history seems also to be in correspondence with the data we collected on the nature of the relationships they shared amongst themselves. We found fair ly widespread evidence for the faet that these relationships were not personalised in the sense that we are used to. Another interesting but somewhat unexpected finding was that our subjects displayed a great Jack of ability to provide memories of events and happenings as examples and illustrations to substantiate their views and statements, It was obvious that they must have memories of events, but these were apparently not organised and stored as part of some abstract and extensive functional model. And they did not appear to be stored as part of a self-system refer also to the previous finding on self-biography. Toere did not seem to be any abstract model which could be activated for drawing inferences or extracting supportive evidence. But the memory of past events and experiences was elicited as parts of the practical dealings which have significance in real life. It seemed that meaning and significance were inseparable from the grounding in real life. This perhaps reminds one of the point that Gadamer has been trying to make, Bernstein (1983) in the chapter »From Hermeneutics to Praxis«. Toere is another related feature to the configuration of mind that we are being exposed to. Somewhat disconcertingly we find our subjects making statements that are apparently inconsistent and contradictory without giving any indication of uneasiness. However, after a degree of reflection we realise that these inconsistent statements were made in different contexts and that within the confines of that situation these statements were appropriate with respect to the views and sentiments being expressed. What is more important is that even when they understood the inconsistency they did not


Print shows the Lord's Prayer, ornately illustrated with biblical scenes.
G4575 U.S. Copyright Office.
Title from item.
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1876, by H.M. Crider, in the Office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington, D.C.


This work deals with the modification reaction of dextran with ethyl and butyl chloroformate using tertiary amines as catalyst/acceptor systems and the DMF/LiCl system as solvent. The structure of the resulting polymers was determined by means of IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy as well as by chemical analyses. The reaction rate was found to increase in the following order: N,N′-dimethylaniline < pyridine < triethylamine. The presence of cyclic carbonates was observed when triethylamine was used as catalyst. A linear dependence of the reaction rate on polymer and pyridine concentrations and a more complex dependence on the n-alkyl chloroformate concentration were found. Reaction rate and yield decrease with increasing amount of LiCl in the solvent medium and increase with increasing chain length of the n-alkyl chloroformate. The activation energy was found to be 64 kJ/mol (15,3 kcal/mol). The equilibrium water content (EWC) values decreases progressively when either the content of carbonate groups or the side chain length increases. The hydrolysis in the heterogeneous phase showed that the time required for the polymer solubilization is dependent upon the nature of the carbonate groups, the temperature as well as the pH value of the medium. Dextranase was found to be inactive in the hydrolysis of water-insoluble modified dextrans. However, the hydrolysis takes place when water-soluble modified dextrans were used.


Obese Zucker rats (OZR) have higher sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) and arterial pressure (AP) compared to lean Zucker rats (LZR). The higher SNA in OZR is due to reduced GABAergic inhibition of rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), the source of drive for SNA. Caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM) provides this inhibitory input to RVLM, and CVLM is driven by a glutamatergic input from nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). We hypothesized the CVLM provides reduced tonic inhibition to RVLM in OZR due to a reduced glutamatergic drive from NTS. Adult male rats were anesthetized with urethane (1.5 g/kg, iv), ventilated, and paralyzed to record splanchnic SNA and AP. Compared to LZR (n=13), OZR (n=14) had higher SNA (2.7 ± 0.4 vs. 1.6 ± 0.2 μV, P<0.05) and mean AP (130 ± 2 vs. 123 ± 2 mmHg, P < 0.05). Inhibition of glutamatergic inputs to CVLM (kynurenate; 5.4 nmol/100 nl) evoked smaller rises in SNA in OZR (n=7) vs. LZR (n=7; 169 ± 23 vs. 289 ± 17 %, P < 0.05). This was not due to a reduced ability of GABA to inhibit RVLM because injections of GABA into RVLM (0.3, 1.0, 3.0 nmol) evoked comparable decreases in SNA in OZR (n=7) and LZR (n=7). Inhibition of NTS (muscimol; 100 pmol) evoked smaller rises in SNA in OZR (n=7) vs. LZR (n=6; 62 ± 11 vs. 112 ± 14 %, P < 0.05). These results suggest higher SNA in OZR may be due to reduced tonic GABA from CVLM. Further, reduced glutamatergic inputs from NTS to CVLM may contribute to diminished inhibition from CVLM to RVLM in OZR.


In phagocytic cells, fMet-Leu-Phe triggers phosphoinositide remodeling, activation of protein kinase C (PKC), release of intracellular Ca2+ and uptake of extracellular Ca2+. Uptake of extracellular...


Arthropod assemblages were examined in Lama forest reserve, a protected area situated in theDahomey gap, southernBenin, composedof plantations, degraded forest and remnants of natural forest. The objectives were to compare assemblages in relation to forest type and use, to elucidate the value of forest plantations for biodiversity conservation and to identify indicator species for specific forest habitats. Arthropods were collected over an 11-month period, using standardized sets of traps (pitfall, emergence,Malaise and flight intercept traps). Nine different habitats were studied, including natural and degraded forest, forest plantations (Tectona grandis and Senna siamea) of different age, and isolated forest fragments. Our analysis focused on detritivorous and xylophagous arthropods but also included ground beetles and heteropterans, totalling 393 species. We found no differences in species richness among natural and degraded forest habitats in the centre of the reserve (Noyau central). Outside of theNoyau central, species richnesswas highest in old teak plantations and isolated forest fragments and lowest in young teak and fuelwood plantations. Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) separated three main groups: (1) natural forest, (2) degraded forest and young plantations, and (3) old plantations and isolated forest fragments.Multiple regression of DCA scores of the first two axes on environmental variables identified one natural and three disturbance-related predictors of arthropod assemblages in Lama forest: soil type (texture), canopy height, naturalness (proportion of Guineo-Congolian plant species) and understorey vegetation cover. We identified 15 indicator species for six different forest habitats. The highest numbers were found in abandoned settlements and old teak plantations. b-diversity was similar among the threeDCAordination groups (degraded forest excluded). Values for b-diversitywere relatively high, suggesting that all major forest habitats contribute significantly to regional species pools and should therefore be protected. To enhance arthropod diversity, we propose that management practices in Lama forest should aim to encourage the development of species-rich understorey vegetation of the Guineo-Congolian phytogeographical region.


The introduction of the reference tables of skills in the training of specialized educators (2007) created a confusion between concrete dynamics and general prescriptions of the situations. Going from a definition of the skill as a mobilization of knowledge in situations, considering the specificity of the contexts of socio-educational work as being low prescription, open to the subjectivity, registering in team initiatives, we envisage the training in a negotiated cooperative dynamic. Beyond the requirement of an institutional contractualization (trainee, site qualifying school) It is a question of promoting a dynamic design of professional socialization, of identifying the aspects of an educational private hospital as common objects of work and of clarifying the respective approaches with the prospect of a support favoring the autonomy of the learner.


Weakened Ramsey numbers are a natural generalization of the definition of a tcolored Ramsey number Rt(G), defined to be the least natural number p such that every t-coloring of the edges in the complete graph Kp has a monochromatic subgraph isomorphic to G. For s < t, one can define Rt s(G) to be the least natural number p such that every t-coloring of the edges in Kp contains a subgraph isomorphic to G that is spanned by edges in at most s colors. It follows that Rt 1(G) = Rt(G), but few explicit values are known for values of s > 1. The goals of this article are two-fold. First, we show how the work of Su, Li, Luo, and Li done in 2002 can be used to derive new lower bounds for fifteen weakened Ramsey numbers of the form R3 2(Kn). Then we turn our attention to the analogue of weakened Ramsey numbers in the setting of r-uniform hypergraphs, proving some explicit and general bounds for such numbers.


WT5"BZ]The Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) method was applied to a numerical simulation of two and three dimensional flow over a moving wavy wall in this paper. Special attention was in paid to analysing the dynamical behavior of flow fields, such as the velocity, vorticity and pressure. The efficient effect of drag reduction was proved. A mesh system which might exactly the moving boundary was designed, which took the advantage of ALE rezoning ability. The results show that the ALE method together with the moving mesh system is effective in simulating flows over moving wavy walls. [WT5HZ]


Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of Cyclic,mechanical stretch on Na+/K+-ATPase function and the expression of its functional isoform-α subunits after a SD rats maxillofacial skeletal muscle cell culture model was builted.Methods: In vitro culture-tensile stimulate models of Maxillofacial Skeletal Muscle Cells were established successfully.Cyclic,mechanical stretch was applied on the cells for 1,2,12,24 and 48 hours with Periodic mechanical stretch at an optimal magnitude and frequency.Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the effects of Na+/K+-ATPase activity and α-subunits expression.Results: The expressions of α1-subunit and α2-subunit of Na+/K+-ATPase were found to be enhanced apparently during the mechanical stretch.A significant increase in the levels of α2-subunit of Na+/K+-ATPase was observed after 1h of mechanical stretch.However,no effect of α1-subunit of Na+/K+-ATPase was found after 1h of mechanical stretch.The expressions of α1-subunit and α2-subunit of Na+/K+-ATPase were increased gradually after 2h of mechanical stretch,reaching a maximum after 48h of mechanical stretch.Conclusion: Cyclic stretch stimulates the mRNA expression of both α1-and α2-subunits of Na+/K+-ATPase.The sensitivity of the two genes to the degree and duration of stretch was different.The stretch-induced increase of mRNA might be a result of increased transcription.Cyclic,mechanical stretch also induced a significant upregulation of both the α1-and α2-subunits.


Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) has long term health effects and may result in the development of neurodegenerative or neuropsychiatric disorders. Histology shows axonal and dendritic beading, synaptic atrophy, vasodilation and gliosis occuring within hours/days post-mTBI. However, current neuroimaging techniques are unable to detect the early effects of repetitive mTBI. Consequently, mTBI brain scans are normal appearing and inconclusive. Hence, neuroimaging markers capable of detecting subtle microstructural and functional alterations are needed. We present results from longitudinal, multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessment of repetitive mTBI in rats. We employ advanced in-vivo diffusion MRI (dMRI) to probe brain microstructural alterations, perfusion MRI to assess cerebral blood flow (CBF), close to the injury site, and proton MR spectroscopy to assess metabolic alterations in the ipsilateral cerebral cortex. High resolution anatomical scans were also acquired. In agreement with clinical observations, anatomical scans of rats were normal appearing even after repeated mTBI. Throughout, significance is regarded as p<0.05 post false discovery rate correction. dMRI revealed significant microstructural remodelling in ipsilateral hippocampus (reduced radial kurtosis), may be due to axonal/dendritic beading, demyelination, synaptic atrophy and edema. Consistent with prior reports of reduced cell/fiber density in mTBI, we find significantly increased mean diffusivity in ipsilateral corpus callosum. We also find significantly decreased glutathione (GSH) and increased total Choline (tCho) following second and third mTBI (vs baseline), also reported in clinical mTBI cohorts. Reduced GSH suggests oxidative stress and increase in tCho indicate cell damage/repair. CBF did not change significantly, however, high variability in CBF following the second and third mTBI suggest increased variability in CBF likely due to tissue hypoxia and oxidative stress. Oxidative stress may affect capillary blood flow by disturbing pericyte capillary contraction. Around 40% of pericytes retract after mTBI causing pericyte depletion and white matter dysfunction as suggested by dMRI findings. Multiparametric MRI detects meaningful mTBI-induced alterations otherwise undetectable with conventional MRI. Similar strategies may provide useful information to aid diagnosis of human mTBI.


Through this article was to share with the academic community interested in the phenomenon of desertion, the exercise has be en advancing the team to decrease the dropout at the Universidad Tec nologica de Pereira, this time emphasizing the importance of building th e profile of the freshman, so that you can know your level of risk a gainst a possible drop and from there to guide targeted actions in support . The proposal is supported from the analysis of the relationship bet ween the results of the "Interview of Income" and its relationship to acade mic performance using tests of independence and multivariate analysis of simple correlation


The article discusses the results of biomonitoring research at the Underground Gas Storage (UGS). Hydrogen sulphide, as one of the products of microbiological reaction and transformation, as well as a product of chemical reactions in rocks, is a subject of interest for global petroleum companies. The materials used in this research work were formation waters and stored natural gas. The biomonitoring of reservoir waters and cyclical analyses of the composition of gas stored at UGS Wierzchowice enabled the assessment of the microbiological condition of the reservoir environment and individual storage wells in subsequent years of operation. Investigations of the formation water from individual wells of the UGS Wierzchowice showed the presence of sulphate reducing bacteria bacteria (SRB), such as Desulfovibrio and Desulfotomaculum genera and bacteria that oxidize sulphur compounds. In the last cycles of UGS Wierzchowice, the content of hydrogen sulphide and sulphides in the reservoir waters ranged from 1.22 to 15.5 mg/dm3. The monitoring of natural gas received from UGS production wells and observation wells, which was carried out in terms of the determination of hydrogen sulphide and organic sulphur compounds, made it possible to observe changes in their content in natural gas in individual storage cycles. In the last cycles of UGS Wierzchowice, the content of hydrogen sulphide in natural gas from production wells ranged from 0.69 to 2.89 mg/dm3, and the content of organic sulphur compounds converted to elemental sulphur ranged from 0.055 to 0.130 mg Sel./Nm3. A higher hydrogen sulphide content was recorded in natural gas from observation wells in the range of 2.02–25.15 mg/Nm3. In order to explain the causes of hydrogen sulphide formation at UGS Wierzchowice, isotopic analyses were performed to determine the isotope composition of δ34SH2S, δ34SSO4, δ18OSO4 in natural gas samples (production and observation wells) and in the deep sample of reservoir water. The results of isotope tests in connection with microbiological tests, chromatographic analyses of sulphur compounds in natural gas collected from UGS Wierzchowice and an analysis of the geological structure of the Wierzchowice deposit allow us to conclude that the dominant processes responsible for the formation of hydrogen sulphide at UGS Wierzchowice are microbiological, consisting of microbial sulphate reduction (MSR). The presented tests allow for the control and maintenance of hydrogen sulphide at a low level in the natural gas received from the Wierzchowice Underground Gas Storage facility.


We calculate the transresistivity ρ21 between two concentric armchair nanotubes in a diffusive multiwall carbon nanotube as a function of temperature T and Fermi level eF. We approximate the tight-binding band structure by two crossing bands with a linear dispersion near the Fermi surface. The cylindrical geometry of the nanotubes and the different parities of the Bloch states are accounted for in the evaluation of the effective Coulomb interaction between charges in the concentric nanotubes. We find a broad peak in ρ21 as a function of temperature at roughly T ∼ 0.4TF. Further, we predict a peak in ρ21 as a function of eF, which can be studied experimentally by changing a gate voltage or by doping. The phenomenon of Coulomb drag [1] concerns momentum exchange between two spatially separated subsystems with independent contacts. Thus, a current J1 through one subsystem induces a current J2, or an electric field E2, in the other subsystem due to the Coulomb interaction between the mobile charges. A convenient object to study both experimentally and theoretically is the transresistivity, defined as ρ21 = E2/J1. Following the initial experiments by Gramila et al [2], Coulomb drag has been investigated intensively for parallel bulk 2D systems (for a recent review, see [3]) and has recently been extended to the mesoscopic regime [4]. Here we consider two coaxial armchair carbon nanotubes (a multiwall carbon nanotube) with independent contacts on an inner and an outer nanotube. This configuration is a challenging but not an impossible technological achievement [5, 6]. It is further assumed that there is no tunnelling between the different tubes, labelled by 1 (outer) and 2 (inner). We work within the Fermi liquid picture, and generalize the formalism developed to study Coulomb drag in coupled quantum wells [7–9] to a multi-subband system. To derive the transresistivity ρ21 coupled linearized Boltzmann equations in the limit of weak intertube interaction and small external electric field E1 on the outer nanotube can be used [8]. This approach uses the Fermi Golden rule to model the Coulomb scattering process between the electrons in the two nanotubes. Alternatively, the Kubo formula can be used [10]. Neglecting Umklapp processes one arrives at


The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of raw materials, fuel and labor on the production of rice mills in Lima Kaum District, Tanah Datar Regency. This research is a field research with a quantitative approach. The data source that the writer uses is the primary data source by using a questionnaire distribution technique. The data analysis technique that the author uses is the validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression method and hypothesis testing. The results of this study indicate that the raw materials partially have a positive and significant effect on the production of rice mills, with a significant value of 0.000 <0.05. Fuel partially has a positive and significant effect on the production of rice mills, with a significant value of 0.000 <0.05. Labor partially has a positive and significant influence on the production of rice mills, with a significant value of 0.000 <0.05. Raw materials, fuel and labor simultaneously have a significant effect on the production of rice mills, with a significant value of 0.000 < 0.05.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to describe a methodology to measure the circulation area required by a manual or powered wheelchair within a toilet stall and present the range of possible results that can be collected when used in an experimental bathroom setup.

Design/methodology/approach
A bathroom environment containing a toilet, grab bars and two transparent acrylic panels suspended on rails to simulate walls was built. Three setups were experimented: 1,500 mm from the walls, 1,500 mm diagonally from the toilet and 1,700 mm from the walls. For each of the participants, markers were placed on the back and on the rear of the wheelchair and one on the toes of the participants. The Vicon® optical motion capture system was used to register the markers' position in the 3D space.

Findings
The methodology proved to be relatively easy to install, efficient and easy to interpret in terms of results. It provides specific points from which it is possible to measure the trajectories of markers and calculate the polygonal projection of the area covered by each participant. The results showed that manual and powered wheelchair users required, respectively, 100 and 300 mm more than the minimum 1,500 mm wall-to-wall area to complete a rotation task in front of the toilet.

Originality/value
These results showed that the 1,500 mm gyration area proposed in the Canadian Code of Construction is not sufficient for manual and powered wheelchair users to circulate easily in toilet stalls. The methodology can provide evidence to support the improvement of construction norms in terms of accessible circulation areas.


The purpose of this publication is to present the contemporary aspects of training educational and qualification degree "Bachelor" of Specialty "Library and Information Management" of the Library Management Department at the State University of Library Studies and Information Technologies (SULSIT) in Sofia, Bulgaria.In view of specificity and completeness of the presented information in this publication there is a limit, which refers to the training only in educational and qualification degree "Bachelor". The following methods are used: a study of the curriculums of many universities worldwide teaching in this or a related specialty; comparative analysis; synthesis of the obtained information. Accent is put on the disciplines Intellectual Property, Standardization in Library Activities, Quality Management in Library and Information Activities, Library Psychology and Bibliotherapy. The research draws attention to some aspects insufficiently covered in the curriculum of the programs preparing future highly knowledgeable, trained library and information managers, and offers some solutions, based on our experience in the State University of Library Studies and Information Technologies, to the attention of the LIS academic and professional community.


The cut and thrust of this paper is the re-examination of an age long belief and practice among the Ika people of Delta State and the Obolo of Rivers State which is aimed at discouraging the practice of witchcraft and sorcery. The study critically evaluates the phenomenon which includes necromancy, divination and poison ordeal and concludes that caution is needed as the act which involves human life is not without imperfection. The discourse is comparative as it examines the methods of ascertaining death among the Ika and Obolo. It employs moral, social and philosophical springboards for the analysis. Some of the findings includes: belief in witchcraft is very strong among the people and age long practices to eradicate same will endure, if nothing is done to discourage it. A major constraint is that matters relating to witchcraft and sorcery are metaphysical and so difficult to verify.


In this work, the crystallization dependent stability of perovskite solar cells with different hole transporting layers (HTLs), i.e., PEDOT: PSS and Cu:NiOx is studied. The evolution of photovoltaic performance over time is demonstrated to be associated with the variety of crystallized quality and conductivity of as-prepared films. The potential mechanisms behind the device are also provided in view of the microscopic kinetics of crystallization combined with the varied conductivity of HTLs induced by the ambient atmosphere.


The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of GnRH administration on the superovulatory response of ewes treated with eCG in breeding season and nonbreeding season at the college of veterinary medicine, university of Mosul farm. Twelve nonpregnant and cycling Awassi ewes of 3-4 years of age were randomly allocated in equal number (n= 6) to two groups. Each ewe was treated with a progesterone impregnated intravaginal sponge for 12 days. The following superovulation treatment was used; Ewes of group 1 received 1200 IU of eCG once as an intramuscular injection 48 h prior to sponge withdrawal. Ewes of group 2 were also received 1200 IU of eCG once as an intramuscular injection 48 h prior to sponge withdrawal and after 24 h of sponge removal ewes were injected with 80 µg of GnRH. Ewes standing to be mounted were recorded as in estrus and mated at least two times with Awassi rams of proven fertility. Ovarian response was assessed by determining number of corpora lutea by laparoscopy on day 6 after mating. Embryo recovery was performed by semilaparoscopic and by flushing both uterine horns. Results of the present study showed when ewes treated in breeding season the number of corpora lutea was significantly higher (P<0.05) in ewes treated with eCG plus GnRH than eCG alone as 7.33±0.54 and 4.33±0.39, respectively. There was no significant difference in the number of corpora lutea in non-breeding season when ewes treated with eCG and eCG plus GnRH. High number (P<0.05) of unovulated follicles was observed in ewes treated with eCG in breeding season and non-breeding season as 2.45 ±0.25 and 1.16±0.3, respectively. Number of recovered embryos from ewes treated with eCG plus GnRH and eCG differ significantly (P<0.05) as 4.32 ±0.56 and 2.66±0.66, respectively in the breeding season. While no significant difference was observed when these hormones used for superovulation in the non-breeding season. It could be concluded that administration of GnRH 24 h after sponge removal increased ovulation rate of Awassi ewes treated with eCG for superovulation in the breeding season.


FinTech companies are challenging established financial institutions' dominance by offering the same products with a superior customer experience and delivering new features faster. The adoption of agile software development partially enables this competitive advantage. In response to this challenge, banks explore how they can improve their agile processes. LHV, a mid‐sized bank, uses agile practices but faces the challenge of further improvement to stay competitive with FinTech companies. In this article, we explore how LHV can improve its agile software development process. We conduct a case study at LHV where we first derive eight change proposals based on a literature review and interviews. Then, we report on how LHV implemented the change proposals and their perceived impact. Our results stress the importance of taking a coherent approach to improving agile processes by considering both business units and operations involved in the product life‐cycle. It is also necessary to align organizational structures to enable team autonomy by, for instance, decentralizing decision authority. Finally, it is beneficial to adapt agile practices to their context and have an IT architecture and technology supporting the agile approach.


We motivate and formally define dynamic multipath routing and present the problem of packet forwarding in the multipath routing context. We demonstrate that for multipath sets that are suffix matched, forwarding can be efficiently implemented with (1) a per packet overhead of a small, fixed-length path identifier, and (2) router space overhead linear in K, the number of alternate paths between a source and a destination. We derive multipath forwarding schemes for suffix matched path sets computed by both de-centralized (link-state) and distributed (distance-vector) routing algorithms. We also prove that (1) distributed multipath routing algorithms compute suffix matched multipath sets, and (2) for the criterion of ranked k-shortest paths, decentralized routing algorithms also yield suffix matched multipath sets.


A high-speed railway virtual reality system can vividly show the train running process, traction and braking control performance using 3D computer graphics technology. As a major part of virtual reality system, the traction and braking performance have great significance to the effect of the rain running. This paper researches the basic theory of train traction and braking calculation, which can be used to simulate the train running in the virtual reality system. It also introduces the realization process of the virtual simulation based on Direct3D.