Superconducting accelerator magnets usually have magnetic iron yokes to obtain maximum magnetic field and to limit stray field. However, the iron is expensive and heavy. The smaller size and weight of an iron-free magnet can result in lower magnet and refrigeration costs. However in a colliding beam accelerator the stray field from one ring produces aberrations in the field in the other. A way to eliminate this mutual interference is to surround each magnet with a coil that exactly cancels the field from the in the other ring magnet. That is expensive in terms of superconductor requirements. However the cancellation of the external dipole field component is unnecessary. Only a small amount of superconductor is required for cancellation of the higher-order field-aberration components. Parameters for the iron-free magnet concept are investigated, and a preliminary conceptual design for an accelerator is presented.


The paper aims at designing a system which captures the image of the number plate automatically of a vehicle and these details were verified using Raspberry Pi processor for authentication. The system also alerts the authorities when any unauthorized image of number plate is detected using buzzer alarm system. Automation is the most frequently spelled term in the field of electronics. The hunger for automation brought many revolutions in the existing technologies. This paper makes use of an onboard computer, which is commonly termed as Raspberry Pi processor. It acts as heart of the project. This onboard computer can efficiently communicate with the output and input modules which are being used. The Raspberry Pi is a creditcard-sized single-board computer developed in the UK by the Raspberry Pi Foundation. The Raspberry Pi has a Broadcom BCM2835 system on a chip (SoC), which includes an ARM1176JZFS 700 MHz processor, Video Core IV GPU, and was originally shipped with 256 megabytes of RAM, later upgraded to 512 MB. It does not include a built-in hard disk or solid-state drive, but uses an SD card for booting and long-term storage. The device which is able to perform the task is a Raspberry Pi processor. When any vehicle passes by the system, the image of the number plate of every vehicle is captured using camera. The image of the number plate details are fed as input to the Raspberry Pi processor. The Processor takes responsibility to check the authentication details of every vehicle. Once the vehicle details are recognized then the processor operates the gate using stepper motor. The system also alerts the user through buzzer alarm whenever it detects an unauthorized image of number plate was detected. To perform this task, Raspberry Pi processor is programmed using embedded 'Linux'.


Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status and contents of communication courses in dental hygiene programs in South Korea. Methods: Survey on dental communication training courses was done, and 51 schools (62.2%) responded among a total of 82 dental hygiene schools in Korea. The questionnaire was sent via e-mail and additional telephone calls were used to facilitate response. Statistical analysis and frequency analysis were done through SPSS 23.0 for windows program (copyright(c) SPSS Inc., USA). Results: The current establishment rates of dental communication courses in 3-year or 4-year dental hygiene programs were 96.9% and 84.2%, respectively. Such courses were identified as graduation requirement courses in 38.7% of the 3-year hygiene programs and 62.5% of the 4-year dental hygiene programs. When practical training sessions are included within such courses, 70% of such courses included 'discussion and presentation' and 'audio-visual aids' as a part of their contents, while 48.3% of them were utilizing 'role-playing'. Conclusions: As dental communication is one of the most important core competencies of dental hygienists, it should be included as a required course for graduation, and practical training such as 'role-playing' should be implemented in order to enhance communication skills in students.


Non-medical prescribing is a key component of advanced practice. In the UK, the Royal Pharmaceutical Society Competency Framework (2021) for prescribers and professional regulators stipulates that all consultations and prescribing must respect and comply with legislation in regards equality, diversity and inclusion (EDI). Evidence indicates that discrimination and unconscious bias is present in health care, with a range of sub-groups experiencing intersectionality and stigma. While EDI was fully embedded in the authors' university's non-medical prescribing programme, informal learner feedback indicated that the EDI content could be expanded further. Therefore, the academic team worked in collaboration with the learners to explore their educational needs and quantify their confidence and knowledge of EDI in clinical practice. The authors identified two key findings. First, that learners, at the start of their non-medical prescribing programme, had disproportionally high levels of 'perceived' knowledge and confidence of EDI compared to learners at the end of their programme. This could be related to the 'Dunning-Kruger effect' and limited understanding of the complexities associated with intersectionality and unconscious bias. Second, changing the EDI content of the curriculum generated positive learner feedback and evaluations. By sharing their experiences the authors aim to inspire other education providers to critically review their curriculum to ensure that EDI principles are fully embedded and transparent. They also aim to assert that it is the professional responsibility of every practitioner and health and social care worker to improve EDI across health care.


A recognition algorithm based on the depth feature and Adaboost is presented to distinguish FOD(foreign object damage)from airport runway depth images. Firstly, the target region of the image including FOD is picked up by the watershed segmentation method. Secondly, different kinds of depth features are extracted from the target region, the depth features,Histogram mean and Histogram variance. At last, Adaboost classifier is used to distinguish FOD automatically. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method can obviously improve the accuracy of FOD's recognition.


As a typical inflow cave,Jiutiandong is formed by direct recharge of allogenic water.Widely distributed calcite and aragonite crystal in the cave passage are originated from ancient pool deposits.Jiutiandong cave was development between the late period of the early Pleistocene and the early period of the middle Pleistocene Epoch,and has experienced many development processes as follows: cave passage formed stage;remnant water flow activity(ancient pools)stage(during the middle and late period of the middle Pleistocene Epoch);crystal flowers development stage(from the late Pleistocene Epoch);and main drip and flowing(including shallow pools)deposits stage(from the late period of the late Pleistocene Epoch until now).Jiutiandong cave is a remnant cave with more than 200m(approximately 37% of total length)of the cave passage near the entrance had gone by erosion of the inflow water.


We present a quantum optics scheme of generating large-amplitude Schr\"odinger cat states and entanglement in a weakly coupled nanomechanical resonator and single Cooper-pair box system. We show that the entanglement in this system can be detected by a spectroscopic method and can be generated at finite temperature and in the presence of environmental fluctuations.


In this paper, a way to match the second symmetric mode of double-grid slow wave structure designed for a practical 1-THz terahertz backward wave oscillator is presented. Simulation results show that the return loss is less than -15 dB, and the insertion loss is about -4 dB in the 50-GHz operating bandwidth.


Radar imaging studies of full-scale buildings present serious electromagnetic modeling challenges. The large electrical size makes numerical methods impractical, and the complexity makes ray methods difficult to apply. In this paper we adapt the NEC-basic scattering code (NEC-BSC) [1] to generate simulated radar scattering data for building imaging purposes. The NEC-BSC is based on the uniform geometrical theory of diffraction (UTD) ray tracing method [2,3]. The NEC-BSC combines geometrical optics (GO) ray tracing with the edge and corner diffraction contributions of UTD by constructing models build up of basic canonical shapes, such as plates, cylinders, ellipsoids, cone frustums and wires. For buildings we are primarily interested in models made from multi-layered dielectric plates which represent walls, floors and ceilings. The code traces rays through multiple reflections and diffractions to include the dominant building scattering mechanisms shown in Figure 1, such as dihedrals, trihedrals, direct reflection, and edge and corner diffraction. Higher order combinations of reflections and diffractions are also included, as well as transmission through dielectric plates.


ABSTRACT Shea tree (Vitellaria paradoxa) is one of the main native oil plants with high economic value in Africa. Its fruits are used for food, medicinal, cultural and exportation purposes. However, the lack of efficient tools to assess annual fruit production of the species limits the sustainable management of its resources. Therefore, production statistics are useful to organize the activities of the shea sector. This study aimed to (i) assess the interannual variation in fruit production along a climatic gradient in Burkina Faso, (ii) examine fruit production patterns according to climatic zones and tree size, (iii) assess the contribution of high-yielding trees in the annual potential production and (iv) develop allometric equations for estimating fruit yields of the species. The yield of 212 trees distributed across three climatic zones was monitored over four successive years. Within each climatic zone, fruit production was significantly different among years. Fruit production was positively and significantly correlated with tree size. The interannual variation in fruit production at tree individual level was higher in drier climatic conditions. The mean interindividual synchrony was less than 50% in each zone, suggesting a large range in fruit production patterns of the species. Annually, more than 55% of the total fruit production was supported by high-yielding trees. The best regression models for estimating fruit yields had R 2 values of 69–73% with prediction errors ranging from −7% to 4%. Our findings are useful tools for the planning of rational exploitation of shea tree's resources and its sustainable management.


Abstract : The field artillery is challenged to demonstrate that it is both capable of and committed to making those improvements necessary to provide effective support to the heavy maneuver brigade. Units returning from the National Training Center (NTC) frequently report less than anticipated results from the artillery and the entire fire support system. Both maneuver and artillery units are frustrated by this less than expected performance coupled with the knowledge that an inordinate amount of effort was expended in trying to make it work, both at home station and at the NTC. A common thread in NTC reports is the lack of synchronization of fires with the maneuver plan. This thesis investigates the question, "How can field artillery cannon battalions improve field artillery support to the heavy brigade?" It focuses on M109-series, 155mm howitzer battalions in CONUS, with a direct support mission to a heavy brigade combat team during an NTC rotation. It keys on the doctrinal and training aspects of artillery support, primarily the seven basic tasks of the artillery battalion and the principles of training. In particular, it focuses on the challenges of synchronizing artillery with maneuver in the planning phase of an operation through wargaming.


Nasal polyps comprise the most common tumor like, non-neoplastic polypoid masses arising from nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. The aim of our study was to correlate histopathological diagnosis with local eosinophilia in tissue sections and peripheral IgE levels, and the underlying inflammatory response with clinical presentation. Systemic eosinophilia was calculated along with mast cell quantification. A total of 100 cases clinically diagnosed as nasal polyp, received from the Department of ENT, AIMSR over a period of one and a half year from 1 st April 2014 to 30 th September 2015 were included in the study. Sections were stained routinely with Haematoxylin and Eosin. Toluidine blue stain was carried out on sections which were diagnosed as non-neoplastic polyps on haematoxylin and Eosin stain. Mast cells in inflammatory polyps were counted in the epithelium and stroma. Age of patients in the study ranged from 5 years to 69years. Out of 110 cases studied, 74% of them were non-allergic and 26% were allergic. Nasal obstruction was the commonest symptom. Mast cells were higher in allergic than in non-allergic polyps. There was a significant correlation between local and systemic eosinophilia. The IgE levels were more in allergic than in non-allergic cases. Different inflammatory cells also correlated with specific clinical presentation. A complete and accurate diagnosis of polypoidal lesions of nose is possible only when histopathological findings were studied along with clinical features. Mast cells should be considered as potential targets for the management of various airway diseases. Histopathological examination remains indispensable for appropriate classification, characterization and treatment of the nasal polyps.


Professional core competence is the essential competence beyond the professional skills of people.It is necessary for students' employment and career development.Higher vocational colleges can solve the problems of teaching method and developing approach of professional core competence and achieves good effect through organically combining with extracurricular learning and varieties of behavior-oriented teaching methods.


The X- ray diffraction(XRD) analysis of the core SL- 1, collected from Selin Co, the climate sensitive regions in the central Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, reveals that the minerals in the core mainly include aragonite, calcite, hydromagnesite, dolomite,gypsum and clastic materials such as quartz, muscovite, chlorite, feldspar, etc.. Based on the mineralogy of the sediments, three climate evolution stages are identified in Selin Co area since 5090 a BP, i.e., 5090-2900 a BP; 2900-1135 a BP; 1135-0 a BP. The climate was changed from cool dry at 5090-2900 a BP to cold dry 1135 a BP-present, with a transition during 2900-1135 a BP.Meanwhile, several cold events are also retrieved in the late Holocene, according to the accumulation of hydromagnesite in the lower part of the core.


When organizations do not have well defined goals and constraints, traditional mixed integer programming (MIP) models are ineffective for portfolio selection. In such cases, some organizations revert to building project portfolios based on data envelopment analysis (DEA) relative efficiency scores. However, implementing the most efficient projects until resources are expended will not always result in the most efficient portfolio. This is because relative efficiency scores are not additive. Instead, the efficiency of each candidate portfolio must be evaluated against all possible portfolios, making for a computationally intensive task. This paper has two main contributions to the literature. First, we introduce a new DEA-MIP model which can identify the most efficient portfolio capable of meeting organizational goals at incremental resource levels. Second, by utilizing a second-stage DEA model to calculate the relative effectiveness of each most efficient portfolio, we provide managers, a tool for justifying budget increases or defending existing budget levels.


Flying is still a mystery to many, whether we explain it in terms of Bernoulli, or Coanda, and a massive jet becoming airborne can still be a source of wonder. Travelling by air has become a frequent occurrence and this provides an ideal opportunity to carry out experiments that are not possible in the school laboratory. The aircraft is a unique laboratory as it accelerates and later becomes a giant reduced pressure laboratory. The following selection will, I hope, both inspire fliers and get everyone thinking about what else could be tried safely whilst airborne.


This disseration deals with legal regulation of consumers rights protection in the Czech republic. Author tries to deal with extensiveness of the topic and present a complex and detail picture of all areas concerning protection of consumers rights. Work is divided into theoretical and practical part. Theoretical part contains short historical discursion, furthermore determination and characteristics of basic terms as well as detail description of conception of consumers rights protection in Czech legal order. In practical part of this work there is an evaluation of current situation and chosen areas of interest, where according to authors opinion, protection seems insufficient. Short case studies are an attachement to this work. On specific examples there is shown how consumers should protect their rights. Summary can be found in the peroration.


Raman micro-spectroscopy is an optical technique that can provide information on the biochemical composition of biological cells. Raman cytology, whereby Raman spectra are recorded from the nucleus of human epithelial cells is an active area of research. This typically involves the application of multivariate statistical algorithms to classify cell type, or disease group, based on the Raman spectrum. Although this approach has been shown to improve the diagnostic sensitivity of clinical cervical, bladder, and oral cytology for the identification of cancer cells, there has been no clinical adoption to date. The main reasons for this are the slow recording time and lack of reproducibility. In this paper, we review a recently proposed automated Raman cytology system based on image processing that can record several thousands of cell nuclei/day. The automation process is implemented using an open-source microscopy control system called Micro-Manager, which can readily be adapted by those with existing Raman microscopes and is designed to target the unstained nucleus, identified by imaging a plane below the sample, which is the primary target for Raman cytology based cancer diagnostics. In this paper we investigate the application of automated Raman cytology for the classification of two sub-types of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cell Lines prepared using the ThinPrep protocol and we discuss how this approach could potentially improve the diagnostic sensitivity of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology for Breast Cancer Diagnosis.


This paper proposes the rediscovery and characterization by modern means of a soft drink, named braga, made from a mixture of cereals, obtained through double fermentation: the process is initiated by a short alcoholic fermentation, followed by a lactic fermentation during which forms the majority of flavour compounds. Braga is a traditional Turkish fermented beverages most apreciate in our country in the past. In the first part of the paper shall be submitted an improved recipe and are specified nutritional benefits of this drink, and in the second part of the paper shall be submitted the appropriate investigations relating to the identification and dosage of specific flavors drink, as well as analyzes that aim to identify and assay trace elements and heavy metals in braga.The aroma compounds were determinated via chromatographic analysis, using a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer equipped with a Shimadzu GC-MS. In this beverage have been identified a number of 64 compounds, responsible for the flavor being most part of esters. This aroma compounds derived from cereals – raw material, but the majority of flavour compound resulting from alcoholic and acetic fermentation. This beverage was analysed in term of minerals and heavy metal content using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer equipped with AGILENT 7500 ICP-MS.


Patients with COVID-19 present a broad spectrum of clinical presentation. Whereas hypoxaemia is the marker of severity, different strategies of management should be customised to five specific individual phenotypes. Many intubated patients present with phenotype 4, characterised by pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction, being associated with severe hypoxaemia with "normal" (>40 mL·cmH2O−1) lung compliance and likely representing pulmonary microvascular thrombosis. Phenotype 5 is often associated with high plasma procalcitonin and has low pulmonary compliance, Which is a result of co-infection or acute lung injury after noninvasive ventilation. Identifying these clinical phenotypes and applying a personalised approach would benefit the optimisation of therapies and improve outcomes. SARS-CoV-2 infections present different specific individual phenotypes. Applying a personalised approach would benefit in optimisation of therapies and outcome improvement. #COVID19 https://bit.ly/3akTSuf


The Dornier MFL 5000 is a new, multifunctional work station for urologie diagnosis, endourology and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL*). Features of this bath-free device include a tiltable U-arm with an under-table x-ray tube for stone localization, a low-pressure generator with twin-pulse technique, modified semi-ellipsoid reflector, and an ultrasound unit for stone localization and monitoring. From April 1988 until January 31, 1989, 415 ESWL treatments were performed. The stones were 45.6% (189) calyceal, 25% (108) renal pelvis, 26% (108) ureteral, and 2.4% (10) branched calculi. The majority of stones had a diameter between 8 mm and 20 mm. Stone disintegration required a mean of 2,450 impulses. Mean treatment time was 33 minutes. Mean final generator voltage was 20 kV (range, 17 kV to 24 kV). Post-ESWL ancillary procedures proved to be necessary in 24 patients (5.8%). The retreatment rate was 19.5% (81) including 4.8% (20) with planned multiple treatments. In 86.6% (359) of patients a noninvasive oral analgesia technique was used successfully. Follow-up at three months could be obtained in 59.5% (247). Overall stone-free rate was 77.5% (191). ESWL was unsuccessful in 2.4% (10).


LED mini lidar was developed for surface atmosphere observation. The lidar is equipped with a high speed photon counter of which data sampling interval is 1 ns, corresponding to a range bin of 0.15 m, and a high repetition pulsed LED beam of which repetition frequency is greater than 500 kHz. Transmitting pulse power was <10 nJ/10 ns (= 1 W). For summation time greater than 0.2 s, surface atmosphere activity could be visualized. In this study, concentration change in the order of seconds was visualized with this high resolution. Furthermore, the quantitative measurement method to distinguish dust samples in relation to Zirconia beads measurements is proposed. The ratio between weight and scattering cross section of suspended dusts is obtained and the suspension characteristics of such dusts are discussed with the results.


Purpose: To evaluate the association between surgically acquired neurological deficits and mortality among patients who underwent surgical resection of brain metastases. Methods: Patients who underwent surgical resection of brain metastases at our institution between 2011 and 2019 were included. Surgically acquired neurological deficits were defined as dysarthria/aphasia, ataxia, hemiparesis, and visual field loss. A Cox proportional hazards model adjusting for potential confounders was constructed to evaluate whether surgically acquired neurological deficits were independently associated with a higher risk of overall mortality. Results: A total of 153 patients were included in the analysis. 3.3% (5 patients) had a surgically acquired neurological deficit. On univariate time-to-event analysis, there was no statistically significant association between the development of a surgically acquired neurological deficit and mortality (HR=1.12; 95% CI=0.15, 8.24; p=0.910). On multivariate time-to-event analysis adjusting for potential confounders, there was also no statistically significant association between the development of a surgically acquired neurological deficit and mortality (HR=1.53; 95% CI=0.20, 11.9; p=0.683). Conclusion: The development of a surgically acquired neurological deficit was not associated with overall mortality. Although this conclusion differs from other studies in the literature, the goal of surgical resection remains unchanged; to resect as much tumor as possible while still preserving neurological function.


AbstractEffects of acute, 4-wk inhalation of respirable coal fly ash aerosol on the pulmonary metabolic defense capability were studied in rats. The fly ash was collected from the baghouse of a small, underfeeder-type coal combustor used for greenhouse heating. Effects were studied by measuring alterations in activities of specific antioxidant and drug metabolizing enzymes in rat lungs. Fly ash exposure for 6 hlday and 5 dayslwk during 4 wk to 10, 30, or 700 mg/m3 significantly increased the cytosolic protein level and the activities of glutathione peroxidase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Fly ash also enhanced the microsomal protein level, although the total cytochrome P-450 content was not changed. Fly ash caused a dual effect on cytochrome P-450 isoenzyme-related substrate metabolism. The O-deethylation of ethoxyresorufin was increased, whereas O-dearylation of benzoxyresorufin was decreased. The above results indicate that subacute inhalation of respirable coal fly ash aerosol in rats is able ...


Along with the development of informatization in university,it's necessary to establish school administration management information system in university to realize informatization and standardization in administration.As for the system's modeling,UML modeling method can be applied by using use case diagram,sequence diagram.And then we detailedly design the function module and database of the school administration management information system.Moreover,the security mechanism has been considered for this system.


This journal explain the efforts to improve the activity and learning outcomes of students in lessons through small group methods. This study uses a test method and classroom action observation. Data analysis using descriptive analysis. The research subject was the sixth grade students of Nunggal Sari Elementary School. In this study it was found: (1) the activity of students in participating in PAI learning before the action was held in the high and very high categories was still low, namely 20.8% or 5 people. (2) Increasing the activeness of students after being given action through small groups, namely TO = 20.8%, T1 = 54.2%, T2 = 62.5%, and T3 = 95.8%. (3) Student learning outcomes before action is 33, 3% or 8 students. (4) Improving student learning outcomes after being given actions through small groups, namely To = 33.3%, T1 = 58.4%, T2 = 79.2%, and T3 = 91.7%. Thus, it has been proven that learning small group methods can increase student activity and learning outcomes.


The main intention our study is to explore the meaning of the term noeron in the Enneads of Plotinus, having as purpose to prove that we may have in the specific case of this notion a sistematic and a tehnical use. The results of our analysis would permite a whole new vision upon the medium level of Plotinus' sistem, that of the Pure Intelligence, and its relation with the Supreme One. The modem translations of the Enneads are very much inclined to pass over the specificity of the term noeron. Usually they reduce its signification to noeton, another term from its linguistic formation that has many instances in Plotinus as well. The distinction is indeed of some importance for the understanding of the so-called "plotinian system".


Tourism is based primarily on tourist flows. The current Covid-19 pandemic, which brings isolation and closure of regions, is an obstacle to its development. According to the professional public, the most affected sector is tourism. The decline in tourism represents a loss for companies, state budget revenues, and an employment decline. Governments' efforts to eliminate redundancies through various support packages have not stopped the increase in redundancies. A more extended period of restraint leads to a rise in unemployment; if the economy does not relax, unemployment growth in the tourism sector can be expected to accelerate.


It is thought that circadian rhythms may influence learning and memory processes. However, research supporting this view does not dissociate a mnemonic impairment from other performance deficits. Furthermore, published reports do not specify the type of memory system influenced by the circadian system. The present study assessed the effects of phase shifting on acquisition and expression of place navigation in the water maze, a task sensitive to hippocampal dysfunction. The results showed that phase-shifting circadian rhythms in rats impaired the expression of place information on a retention test but not initial acquisition or encoding of place information. These results suggest that disruption of circadian rhythms may impair consolidation of previously encoded hippocampal place information.


A much more common story adapting to life with tinnitus while challenging for some is merely a nuisance for others. Each person's tinnitus and circumstances are unique, but what is true for all those with tinnitus is that having good hearing protection options can make life in our noisy world more comfortable. And for those who don't have tinnitus, proper use of hearing protection may be the answer to remaining "tinnitus free" for life.


Blood samples of a Viverricula Indica were gotten randomly at Hunan wild life protecting and breeding center.Physiological and biochemical parameters were measured with the normal blood testing assay.The results are as follows: RBC of Viverricula Indica was(7.48±1.71)×10~12个/L;HB:(120±19.29)g/5L;PCV:(42±4.0)%;MCH:(16.1±1.90)pg;MCV:(56.9±8.32)fl;MCHC:(28.5±2.16)%;GPT:36.55±8.55;GOT:53.75±7.25;LDH:1650±50;AKP:6.04±0.18.The above results could be useful for the later research on the management,reproduction,prevention and cure of the Viverricula Indica disease.


Methodological approaches of different sociological schools who study processes of social development of the organization are analyzed. The current content of the organization social development process is specified. Assessment parameters of the phenomenon are concretized.


TAX syste entioned above. They provide scientists with various taxonomic information, including taxon descriptions and diagnosis, geographic distribution, scientific nomenclature, identification keys, illustrations; it gives them a tool for interactive identification of living organism and allows training of new taxonomists. The main focus of the TAXEX Project is the Black Sea and Azov Sea region. The biodiversity of the Black and Azov Seas is well documented in local monographs and scientific papers, but there are no public Internet resources for those XEX: TAXonomic EXpert system. History of velopment and technology of identification


The results of processing and analysis of spatial and temporal information about soils and forest stands on geoinformation technologies are presented. Spatial analysis of combined soil and forestry data showed that the most productive plantings were confined to sod-podzolic automorphic soils. In the main coniferous forest-forming species, such as European spruce and pine, when signs of hydromorphism appear, productivity significantly decreases. Among the studied plantings, the lowest-yielding ones are formed on swamp-podzolic soils. Retrospective analysis revealed a noticeable improvement in productivity and breed composition that occurred in the late 1970s and early 1980s. The assessment of the current situation shows that there is a certain reserve for increasing the productivity of existing forest stands, associated with a more effective use of the natural fertility of forest soils.


Based on method of composite conformation,the arch dam body form was optimized,which showed the feasibility and rationality of the method.The method increased the speed of calculation,and made the optimal design easier and simple,so that provide a new way for arch dam design.


PURPOSE: A semiconductor package is provided to decrease the number processes by eliminating the necessity of a conventional CMP(chemical mechanical polishing) process prior to a redistribution layer when an interconnection layer is formed on a device pattern surface of a wafer while a via electrode is formed. CONSTITUTION: A plurality of semiconductor packages(10) are formed on a wafer by a batch process. The resultant structure is diced into separated semiconductor packages. The semiconductor package is a stacked member in which at least two semiconductor devices are bonded to each other by using an insulation layer(15). Each semiconductor device includes a substrate and a device pattern formed on the surface of the substrate. The device pattern surface of a lower semiconductor device confronts a non-device pattern surface of the semiconductor device stacked on the lower semiconductor device.


This paper addresses the problem of initializing a constellation of spacecraft, where a group of spacecraft are instructed to position themselves into a given configuration such that one spacecraft occupies each specified location. The spacecraft must effect these transitions without colliding into each other, and with limited information about the location of the other spacecraft. To solve this problem, the control strategy is broken into three hierarchical levels. The highest level of the hierarchy, termed the Organization Level, issues mission directives to all of the spacecraft. The other two levels are collocated on each individual spacecraft. The middle level, termed the Coordination Level, decides, based on its limited information, the position that spacecraft should seek. The lowest level, termed the Execution Level, implements simple control strategies that move the spacecraft to the desired location and avoid collisions with other spacecraft. The main contribution of this paper is an innovative design of the Coordination Level using a decision making mechanism based on epistemic utility theory.


This paper gives an overview of the Named Entity (NE) Extraction experiments performed on the data sets of two cases: (1) Open-Source Intelligence, (2) Post-(Training-)Mission Analytics. In both cases the "tagging" of entities was done as part of wider analytics on the data sets, in a military context. In this context, recognition of military jargon, acronyms and terminology are important and the extraction results were tested for applicability in this area. KNIME Analytics Platform was used for its available models, algorithms and to reduce the effort needed for implementation. Techniques used include NE Model-based Tagging (machine learning) and NE Dictionary-based Tagging. The experiments showed us that the structure of the data set determines which approaches can be successful.


Measurement of the intensity of galactic radio noise at Ahmedabad from 1957 to 1964 has shown that its attenuation has decreased steadily with the decline of solar activity. Calculation of the absorption in the D region and in the F region up to the F2 peak using N(h) profiles and effective collision frequencies of electrons has shown that a large part of the absorption of galactic radio noise takes place in the F region over Ahmedabad, both below and above the F2 peak. It is also found that the nighttime attenuation in low solar activity period (1964–1965) is much larger than can be explained on the basis of electron-ion collision processes alone. It is suggested that scattering of galactic radio noise by inhomogeneities in the F region is a source of extra attenuation during night in a low solar activity period, since it is known that the occurrence of spread F shows a considerable increase during night at Ahmedabad in low sunspot years. The absorption measurements also suggest that electron temperatures are appreciably higher than neutral gas temperatures in the early morning hours and that the excess temperature of electrons is higher in low sunspot years than in high sunspot years.


We report on the fabrication process of a sensing device obtained by ink-jet printing of polyaniline suspension on alumina substrates. We optimized the inkjet parameters (amplitude and duration of jetting impulse, jetting frequency, substrate velocity) to obtain thin polyaniline lines as sensitive layers and we analyzed the morphology of PANI lines on substrate. Device response towards ammonia are also discussed and compared with reference device obtained by spin-coating.


This presentation will explore the mental health response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Switzerland with a focus on prevention and early intervention. To describe the pandemic context, the continuous literature screening on the secondary health impact of the pandemic measures on the mental health of children, adolescents and young adults in Switzerland will be used that Julia Dratva and the author lead on behalf of the Swiss School of Public Health and the Federal Office of Public Health. These findings will be complemented with selected results from the longitudinal Swiss Corona Stress Study that focuses on stress, anxiety and depression, the longitudinal COVID-19 Social Monitor that contains indicators on well-being and mental health, and the longitudinal > study that assesses student depression and anxiety during the pandemic. As a major finding, all three studies observed significant increases in psychological stress during the second Covid-19 wave. In the Swiss Corona Stress Study, for instance, 18% of participants reported severe depression symptoms in November 2020 relative to 12% in May, 9% in April during the lock-down, and 3% prior to the pandemic. The presentation will then describe the specific mental health responses. For instance, psychiatrists and psychotherapists were allowed to bill treatment by telephone and the recommendations and billing options have been regularly adapted in response to the developments. However, these changes have not yet affected medium-term mental health policies. Similarly, the continuous screening of the scientific literature is established as a short-term measure. It is reviewed periodically and extended only as needed. The presentation will discuss policy changes in relation to the long-term strategies and their present implementation state. Finally, it will draw initial comparisons with other European countries discuss implications for the future mental system in Switzerland.


The outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), which is the causative pathogen for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, has greatly stressed our healthcare system. In addition to severe respiratory and systematic symptoms, several comorbidities increase the risk of fatal disease outcomes, including chronic viral infections. Increasing cases of lytic reactivation of human herpesviruses in COVID‐19 patients and vaccinated people have been reported recently. SARS‐CoV2 coinfection, COVID‐19 treatments, and vaccination may aggravate those herpesvirus‐associated diseases by reactivating the viruses in latently infected host cells. In this review, we summarize recent clinical findings and limited mechanistic studies regarding the relationship between SARS‐CoV‐2 and different human herpesviruses that suggest an ongoing potential threat to human health in the postpandemic era.


This paper provides an introductory comparison of the major sectoral results from the G-cubed, MM-sectoral, Monash, and Salter models, following an imposed increase in labour productivity. The increase is equivalent to 5% for the economy as a whole, and is phased in over a five year period. For individual sectors and industries, the shocks specifically reflect both the extent to which productivity gains from microeconomic reform have already taken place and the degree to which there remains potential for further improvements. This paper is presented with four objectives in mind:1. To set out a brief illustrative analytical framework to serve as a benchmark2. To highlight a number of relevant features, strengths and weaknesses for each of the four sectoral models3. To provide an introduction to key results for the four aggregated sectors, highlighting similarities and potential conflicts amongst them4. To present some summary outcomes and to suggest some issues which might be explored in future work


The acoustic characteristics of expansion chamber will be changed with the variation of inlet/outlet location due to the higher order acoustic mode in a high frequency in which the plane wave theory is not available. In this paper, the acoustic performance of reactive type expansion chamber with cir...


bility', though less rare in Greek art than the reader of this book might suppose, are not the brightest jewels in its crown, and that the Greek genius, both in art and literature, tends to have an impersonal quality inimical to the display of 'sensibility'. The trouble, however, is that the reader is not reminded of this qualification, and indeed it is plain that Fry himself, in the enthusiastic search for two qualities in which he was at the time passionately interested, tends to forget his own premise and to speak as though they were the true and only touchstones of merit. And there is another trouble. In Italian and in French art Fry was an expert, and his application of these two tests would have been controlled by a thorough knowledge of the whole field. In most or all of the arts here treated he writes only as a highly intelligent and sensitive observer of such objects as he happens to have noticed, and the gaps in his knowledge are often visible and impair his estimate of a whole culture. Thus he writes of Egyptian art without mentioning the masterpieces of the Middle Kingdom, which some might consider not only its greatest but also its most ' vital' products, and his chapter on Greek art contains no mention of coins, gems, or Attic vase-painting, and many statements in it are inconsistent with any real knowledge of these arts.


We study the long‐time self‐diffusion coefficient and the zero‐frequency effective viscosity for a suspension of spherical Brownian particles. The correction to first order in the volume fraction to the self‐diffusion coefficient and the correction to second order in the volume fraction to the effective viscosity are given by integral expressions derived by Batchelor. Using exact series expansions of the hydrodynamic interaction functions in powers of the inverse distance between centers of a pair of particles we obtain accurate values for the correction terms. We consider hard spheres with mixed slip‐stick boundary conditions as well as spherical liquid droplets with a viscosity different from the bulk.


In recent years, increasing numbers of studies demonstrated that high-dose ascorbate, which can be achieved by intravenous infusion, has cytotoxic effects on cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. There are many hypotheses of anti-cancer mechanisms of high dose ascorbate including a pro-oxidative mechanism, inhibition of angiogenesis and inflammation, enhancement of the anticancer effect of chemotherapy and reduction of chemotherapy-induced side effects. In addition, in recent years there were studies showing that ascorbic acid has effect on gene expression and epigenetic phenomena. In our study we analyzed, by using animal model, the effect of pharmacological concentrations of ascorbic acid on several gene expressions involved in tumorigenesis. To test the effects of ascorbic acid on gene expression, we treated mice with two different concentrations of ascorbic acid after intraperitoneal administration with sarcoma S-180 cells. The injected doses of ascorbic acid were equivalent to 15 g per 70 kg human and 50 g per 70 kg human. Tissue from tumors, liver and kidney was obtained from mice at the end of three weeks of treatment. The gene expression analysis was computed by real time PCR. The results showed significant difference in expression of gene p53 (p<0.02) in tumor tissue between treated and non-treated groups, and reduction of p53 gene expression by size and spreading of tumors. Ascorbate therapy significantly increased expression of NRF2. The experimental data showed that the maximum ascorbate dosage reduced expression of the tumor promoting gene HIF. The dependence of gene expression on the size of tumors was found for P53, HIF and NF-kB. In summary, the results of our study demonstrated that ascorbate therapy had a significant effect on the expression of several genes relevant to the development or inhibition of cancer. Reduced expression of tumor promoting genes as HIF and increased expression of tumor suppression genes such as p53 support the hypothesis that ascorbic acid can act as a potential agent for the suppression of tumor development. Background Ascorbic acid (AA, ascorbate, vitamin C) is an essential water soluble antioxidant that has been studied for decades for its potential role in preventing chronic diseases [1]. Ascorbate plays a role in limiting inflammation, regulating cytokine production, and boosting the immune system [2-8]. It has a variety of properties that have generated interest in using it against cancer [9-13]: it enhances natural killer cell activity [14,15], increases collagen synthesis [16], inhibits capillary tubule formation (angiogenesis) [17,18], reduces inflammation in cancer patients [3], at millimolar concentrations, shows cytotoxicity against cancer cells [19-24] and the ability to reduce tumor growth in vivo [25-34]. Clinical trials to date [35-40] indicate that high dose (on the order of ten to 100 grams) intravenous ascorbate therapy can enhance anti-cancer effects of chemotherapy and improve quality of life in cancer patients. Recent studies indicate that vitamin C may have important effects on gene expression. For example, hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) may induce the expression of more than sixty genes, including those coding for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), erythropoietin (Epo), and nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS-2); transcription and translation of these genes yields proteins that play key roles in angiogenesis, regulation of glucose metabolism, cell survival, and cell proliferation [41-44]. Decreased HIF-1 activation is associated with increased disease free survival in patients with cancer. The HIF-1a subunit regulates expression of Bcl-2 family proteins, which in turn protect cells from reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced apoptosis [45-50]. Since the induction of HIFs may be mediated by ROS, antioxidants such as vitamin C may inhibit HIF-1 and HIF-1a expression; this is supported by experimental studies [45-51]. Vitamin C may also act on HIF-1 expression by inhibiting the expression of Nuclear Factor kB (NF-kB) genes. NF-kB is involved in inflammation and tumor development [52-55]. Ascorbate has been shown to inhibit the expression of NF-kB [52,55-58]. The anticancer effect of ascorbate may be in part due to its ability to suppress specificity protein (SP) transcription factors (such as Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4) [59]. Sp-regulated genes are involved in cancer proliferation (via hepatocyte growth factor receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor, and cyclin D1), survival (via survivin and Bcl-2) and angiogenesis (via VEGF and its receptors) [59-62]. Ascorbate may also suppress tumor growth through modulation of p53 [63-65]. The gene for p53 is particularly important in regulating cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, DNA repair, senescence and apoptosis in tumor cells [66-70]. Other genes of importance to cancer that are possibly affected by millimolar levels of ascorbate include: DNA methyltransferase (DNMT1), which is responsible for maintaining DNA methylation and in silencing tumor susceptibility genes [71-76]; human telomerase Correspondence to: Nina Mikirova, Riordan Clinic, 3100 North Hillside, Wichita, KS, USA; E-mail: email@example.com


This quasi-experimental one-group pretest – posttest research aimed to compare self-efficacy and safety behavior of caretaker among pre-school children in low income and multiple deprived families study before and after of self- efficacy promoting program. Simple random sampling with inclusion criteria was used to recruit a sample of 30 caretakers who are living in Bangkok. The instruments used in this research include a demographic questionnaire, self- efficacy of the caretaker questionnaire, and safety behavior of the caretaker questionnaire. All instruments had content validity. The Cronbach's alpha reliability of the questionnaires was .90 and .86 respectively. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistic and t-test with statistical significance at .05.
The results found after the program showed that mean score of self- efficacy and safety behavior of caretaker among pre-school children were higher than before the program with a statistic significant (t30 = 5.23, p < .001 and t30 = 5.23, p < .001 respectively). These findings suggest that nurses and other health policymakers relating to child safety could apply this self- efficacy promoting program to build up policies protecting home child's injuries in low income and multiple deprived families.


Meeting the reporting requirements of the Kyoto Protocol has focused attention on the potential of forests in sustainably sequestering carbon (C) to mitigate the effects of rising levels of atmospheric CO2. Much uncertainty remains concerning the ultimate effect of management on such sequestration effects. The management of woody debris (WD) and other deadwood stocks is an example of a management intervention with the scope of affecting the source-sink dynamics of forest C. Windrowing is the most commonly employed approach to the management of post-harvest WD. This study investigated the quantities of windrowed deadwood C across a chronosequence of reforested commercial Sitka spruce stands in Ireland and how its decomposition rate affected its contribution to forest C sequestration. The C stocks in windrowed WD ranged from 25 to 8 t C ha−1 at the 4- and 16-year-old stands, respectively. Losses due to the decomposition of these stocks ranged from 5.15 t C ha−1 yr−1 at the youngest site (4 years old) to 0.68 t C ha−1 yr−1 at the oldest site (16 years old). Using a visual decay-class categorization of WD components and an assessment of wood density, decay rate constants were estimated for logs, branches, and stumps (the main WD constituents of windrows) as 0.037, 0.038, and 0.044, respectively. These results, derived from stand stock evaluations, were placed into context with data previously published from the same chronosequence that characterized the day-to-day fluxes to or from this pool. This comparison indicated that though only a very small quantity of C was lost in dissolved leachate form, the most significant pathway for loss was respiratory and ranged from 16 to 8 t C ha−1 yr−1 at the 9- and 16-year-old sites. These estimates were many times greater in extent than estimates made using a density-loss approach, the difference indicating that fragmentation and weathering play a large role in woody decomposition in intensively managed forests.


Tip-leakage vortex cavitation can lead to thrust breakdown and blade vibration in hydraulic turbines. Numerical simulations of full wet and cavitating tip leakage vortex flows are studied. By comparing vortex structures, strain rates and Reynolds shear stresses distributions in the vortex region for full wet flows between numerical and experimental results of NACA0015 blade, it is found that the numerical results with the nonlinear k-ε turbulence model is in good agreement with the experimental results. Both full wet and cavitating flows around a NACA0009 blade with various gaps between the tip and end-wall are studied to investigate the influence of gap width on the development of tip vortex and tip vortex cavitation. Good agreements are obtained on the trajectories of tip leakage vortex by comparing the numerical results and experimental data. when the dimensionless gap size τ≤ 0.7, numerical results show that there is an apparent difference on the vertex trajectories behind the hydrofoil between full wet and cavitating flows.


This paper studied 2DPCA ( two-dimensional principal component analysis ) principal component feature vectors for face recognition, it found that different principal component had the different role, and then it studied 2DPCA principal component uncertainty, it is good to distinguish 2DPCA principal component role. Using uncertainty knowledge to calculate the weights of 2DPCA principal components, and the last weights was found by optimization of weights, the principal components were processed by using weighted in the process of recognition. ORL face images were used to test the algorithm, the results indicate that the algorithm has good recognition performance.


Census data on "Average Issues per Married Woman" is one of the most effective measures for revealing the changes in the distributional patterns of fertility.Three maps of the patterns of average births per woman in the age categories 20-29 (Map 1), 30-39 (Map 2), and 40-49 (Map 3) in 1960 reveal that the highest fertility in all three categories is found in the northern rural area and the lowest fertility is found in urban areas of the prefecture. Examination of maps 1 and 2 shows a recent decline in fertility in urban areas along the Sanriku Coast compared to other urban areas.Fertility differentials between urban and rural areas has been diminishing in Japan as a whole, but in Iwate Prefecture, at least, which is one of the highest fertility prefectures in Japan, this differential continues.


The project schedule risk in the engineering and facility construction industry is increasingly considered as important management factor because the risks in terms of schedule or deadline may significantly affect the project cost. Especially, the project-based operating companies attempt to find the best estimate of the project completion time for use at their proposals, and therefore, usually have much interest in accurate estimation of the duration of the projects. In general, the management of projects schedule risk is achieved by modeling project schedule with PERT/CPM techniques, and then performing risk assessment with simulation such as Monte-Carlo simulation method. However, since these approaches require the accumulated executional data, which are not usually available in project-based operating company, and, further, they cannot reflect various schedule constraints, which usually are met during the project execution, the project managers have difficulty in preparing for the project risks in advance of their occurrence in the project execution. As these constraints may affect time and cost which role as the crucial evaluation factors to the quality of the project result, they must be identified and described in advance of their occurrence in the project management. This paper proposes a Bayesian Net based methodology for estimating project schedule risk by identifying and enforcing the project risks and its response plan which may occur in storage tank engineering and construction project environment. First, we translated the schedule network with the project risks and its response plan into Bayesian Net. Second, we analyzed the integrated Bayesian Net and suggested an estimate of project schedule risk with simulation approach. Finally, we applied our approach to a storage tank construction project to validate its feasibility.


One of the obstructions in sweet potato cultivation in temperate regions is root storage during winter for the production of vines for the next season.If a homegeneous high yielding true seed population could be developed, vine cuttings obtained from the true seed population could be transplanted in a field, thus eliminating the need for root storage.Mass selections of true seed populations were attempted to develop a high-yield and high-quality true seed population.Selection for root skin color, germination at low temperature, vine diameter and taproot diameter were effective, and a genetic gain was observed for these characteristics.Root yield obtained by transplanting vines grown from true seed population was 70∼78% compared to conventionally cultured control.A β-amylase null population, which can be used for staple food and industrial purposes, was developed. The yield of true seeds by open-pollinating among clones with open field flowering was 144 seeds per m2.True seed populations with good agronomic characteristics could be used as breeding materials including overseas germplasm exchange and for an emergency crop by harvesting a large amount of true seeds, which can be stored at room temperature for a long period.


A silsesquioxane cage polymer functionalized with eight chloropropyl arms (1, T8-PrCl) reacted with 2,2′-dipyridiylamine (DPA) to afford a new derivative with eight pendant linear chains (2, T8-Pr-DPA). Further reaction with [Mo(η3-C3H5)Br(CO)2(NCMe)2] afforded another derivative containing three molybdenum units (3, T8-Pr-DPA-Mo), after substitution of the two nitrile ligands in each complex. These are the first silsesquioxane species containing DPA and the Mo(η3-C3H5)Br(CO)2 fragment. The three materials were characterized by 1H, 13C, 29Si, and 95Mo NMR, FTIR, XRD, and elemental analysis, and T8-PrCl (1) was also structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It was identified as a low-temperature polymorph of this material. Elemental analysis indicated that all Cl atoms in the parent material T8-PrCl (1) were substituted by the deprotonated DPA group in T8-Pr-DPA (2). However, only three [Mo(η3-C3H5)Br(CO)2(DPA)] units were detected in T8-Pr-DPA-Mo (3). A comprehensive NMR study, compl...


In our previous papers (1, 2), we reported that a new fraction of licorice root (FM100) showed a protective effect on ulceration in the pylorus ligated rats and gastric antisecretory activities in rats and dogs in spite of being devoid of anticholinerigc properties. FM100 decreased non-stimulated gastric secretion volumes and acid outputs in the pylorus ligated rats and gastric acid secretion induced by instillation of peptone into the antrum separated from the fundus in acute fistula rats. Effects of histamine and methacholine on gastric secretion were partially antagonized by FM100. On the contrary, FM100 did not exert the inhibitory action on secretion induced by crude gastrin. Then, we propounded the hypothesis that the mechanism of gastric antisecretory activity of FM100 is probably due to inhibitory action of the release of gastrin from the antral mucosa. The aim of the present investigation was to study the mechanism of gastric antisecretory activity of FM100, especially concerning the mechanism of the release of gastrin from the antral mucosa of the rat.


The effects of a nitric oxide (NO) donor on microcirculation and contractile function of reperfused skeletal muscle were studied. Rat cremaster muscles underwent 5 hours of ischemia and 90 minutes of reperfusion and were divided into two groups systemically infused with S‐nitroso‐N‐acetylcysteine (SNAC, 100 nmol/ min) and phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS), respectively. The results showed that the vessels in the SNAC group had more rapid and complete recovery than that in controls. A significant difference was found from 10 to 40 minutes and at 90 minutes in 10–20‐μm arterioles, from 10 to 90 minutes in 20–40‐μm arterioles, and at 10 and 90 minutes in 40–70‐μm arteries. When compared to controls, SNAC‐treated muscles showed larger fluorescein filling areas at 15, 30, 60, and 90 minutes and greater isometric tetanic contractile forces in response to stimulation frequencies of 40, 70, 100, and 120 Hz. The data indicate that supplementation of exogenous NO could effectively improve microcirculation and contractile function of skeletal muscle during early reperfusion. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MICROSURGERY 18:299–305, 1998


Biogas or landfill gas is a methane-rich gas mixture also containing carbon dioxide and lesser amounts of hydrogen sulfide, siloxanes, and other contaminants. It is produced in anaerobic treatment processes and often combusted for heat and power generation after receiving minor treatment. Through the removal of carbon dioxide, biogas can alternatively be upgraded into biomethane, which can be transported via natural gas pipelines. The conversion of biogas into chemicals, e.g. via reforming or oxidative coupling, is still at an early stage of development and would enable a third option for biogas monetization and to produce fuels and chemicals from waste streams. The Oxidative Coupling of Methane (OCM) consists of the catalytic partial oxidation of methane into ethylene. Being a major building block for the chemical industry, the production of ethylene from renewable resources is of major interest. In this study, a preliminary techno-economic assessment for producing ethylene from methane contained in biogas via OCM is performed. This analysis comprises the biogas treatment step and the OCM step. Different biogas treatment methods are considered for the removal of contaminants and its associated costs are estiamted based on literature reviews. The OCM process is assessed based on simulation models and experiments carried out in our research group in a mini-plant facility under industry relevant conditions1,2. A digester treating effluent from bioethanol industry and producing biogas is taken as a base case for the simulation. Once the flowsheet is complete, the capital and operation costs are estimated, allowing for a year-by-year cash flow analysis and the calculation of the Net Present Value (NPV) as the feasibility criteria. To tackle the high level of uncertainty in this preliminary stage of analysis, i.e. feedstock/product prices, process efficiencies, equipment cost, market conditions, etc., Monte Carlo simulations are carried out allowing the variables to take random values within given bounds. The results show that the process is likley to be feasible under a wide range of scenarios with 77% of positive values for the NPV. Two sensitivity analyses are then


Magnetic nanoparticles are of great interest due to their applications in energy and environment. In this work, we developed a chemical solution based method to synthesize NiFe2O4 (NFO) nanoparticles with different sizes and structures by organic ligands and studied their applications in magnetic electrolyte concentration cells and waste water treatment. NFO nanoparticle growth is controlled by the organic passivating ligand ratios, reaction temperatures, and reaction solution concentrations to achieve the control of NFO nanoparticle size ranging from 25 nm to 160 nm. The NFO growth mechanism is controlled by aggregation related mechanism, leading to tunable magnetic properties and concentration cell device performance. Magnetic biochar consisting of biochar/NFO composite was also obtained based on the developed method. Waste water containing Rhodamine B was tested by the synthesized magnetic biochar. We believe the method developed in this work about magnetic NFO nanoparticles and magnetic biochar will shed light on the application of magnetic nanoparticles in energy and environment.


The book The New Testament in Greek IV The Gospel According to St. John Edited by the American and British Committees of the International Greek New Testament Project: Volume Two The Majuscules provides transcriptions and images of some of the oldest parchment manuscripts of the Gospel of John in Greek. It contains also a complete critical apparatus of all the parchment manuscripts of John, including such important manuscripts as Codex Vaticanus and Codex Sinaiticus. This chapter presents the dates of the manuscripts. These dates are generally those given in the Munster Liste , and indicate the consensus of opinion. Keywords: Codex Sinaiticus; Codex Vaticanus; Gospel; Greek IV; International Greek New Testament Project; New Testament; St. John


By exploiting temporal-to-spatial domain mapping, we report high-speed spatial light modulation based on conventional spatial light modulators with slow response time. We demonstrate 25-Gbit/s twisted light (orbital angular momentum) encoding/decoding and 260-m security free-space data transmission in the experiment.


SUMMARY The highest intermediate depth moment release rates in Indonesia occur in the slab beneath the largely submerged segment of the Banda arc in the Banda Sea to the east of Roma, termed the Damar Zone. The most active, western-part of this zone is characterized by downdip extension, with moment release rates (∼10 18 Nm yr ‐1 per 50 km strike length) implying the slab is stretching at ∼10 −14 s −1 consistent with near complete slab decoupling across the 100‐200 km depth range. Differential vertical stretching along the length of the Damar Zone is consistent with a slab rupture front at ∼100‐200 km depth beneath Roma propagating eastwards at ∼100 km Myr ‐1 . Complexities in the slab deformation field are revealed by a narrow zone of anomalous in-plane P-axis trends beneath Damar, where subhorizontal constriction suggests extreme stress concentrations ∼100 km ahead of the slab rupture front. Such stress concentrations may explain the anomalously deep ocean gateways in this region, in which case ongoing slab rupture may have played a key role in modulating the Indonesian throughflow in the Banda Sea over the last few million years.


A systematic study is made of nonstandard fermion multiplets in left-right-symmetric models with the gauge group SU(3){sub {ital C}}{direct product}SU(2){sub {ital L}}{direct product}SU(2){sub {ital R}}{direct product}U(1){sub {ital B}{minus}{ital L}}. Constraints from gauge anomaly cancellation and invariance of Yukawa coupling terms are used to define interesting classes of exotic fermions. We identify the standard quark-lepton spectrum of left-right-symmetric models as the simplest member of an infinite class. The phenomenological implications of the next simplest member of this class are then studied. We also consider classes of exotic fermions which may couple to the standard fermions through doublet Higgs bosons. We then show that some of these exotics may be used to induce a generalized universal seesaw mechanism.


Overview Recent rapid technologic advances have contributed to the widespread clinical use of cardiac computed tomography (CT). Using CT scanners with 64 or more detectors have demonstrated great accuracy for detecting signifi cant coronary artery disease (CAD). Th e CT scanners have high enough spatial resolution to resolve fi ne structures and suffi cient temporal resolution to freeze coronary motion. Cardiac CT imaging began predominately with the advent of the 64-detector scanners; however, technology has progressed to 320-detector scanners and dual-source scanners, both of which have increased the spatial and temporal resolution. Additionally, the technology has reduced the patient radiation exposure to 8-5 mSv and, with most recent advancements, potentially less than 1 mSv. Cardiac CT imaging can either be a calcium score and/or a coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA).


It's been described as anything but"refined," but this hilarious and very local entertainment form has found its way into the most awe-inspiring theaters.


1. The solid fuel feeding system that feeds solid fuel to a stationary portion of the furnace heat transfer soderzhaschayasterzhen having a front end and a length such that when the solid fuel supply system is installed in a stationary heat transfer portion pechisterzhen used for suspension of solid fuel in a stream of hot gas flowing through stationary heat transfer portion of the furnace; iperedny rod end is located outside of the stationary heat transfer portion, and extends along the length of a stationary portion of the furnace heat transfer; isistemu promote fuel having a stem which promotes solid fuel along the length of the rod, wherein the solid fuel enters the hot gas stream passing through the fixed portion of the furnace heat, wherein the rod does not allow the solid fuel to be separated from it by the force created by the flow of heated gas .2. according to claim solid fuel supply system 1 in which:. a rod consists of a rod having a length which extends across the width of the at least one vent standpipe, with the lower thrust calciner, precalcination or tertiary air duct when the rod is installed in the system pechi.3 . according to claim solid fuel feeding system. 1 in kotoroysterzhen is cantilevered so as to extend the width of at least one vent standpipe, with the lower thrust calciner, precalcination or tertiary air duct when the rod is mounted in pechi.4 system. . Of claim solid fuel feeding system 1, wherein: the solid fuel consists of a tire; ipokryshki strung on the rod so that the rod Prokh


AbstrAct Introduction: Osteoid osteomas are rarely found in the phalanges. The purpose of this study is to report 5 cases with histologic diagnosis of phalanx osteoid osteoma and highlight the most important aspects of its diagnosis and treatment. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, retrospective study was conducted. Evaluation included pain level using the visual analog scale (VAS), active range of motion, and QuickDASH score before surgery and at final follow-up (mean, 35.4 months). results: The mean time from first consultation to diagnosis was 10.6 months (range, 5-16 months). The mean preoperative QuickDASH score was 22.72 (range, 6.8-40.9). At last follow-up (mean, 35.4 months; range, 17-63), all patients were satisfied with the outcome. The mean VAS score for pain was 0. The mean QuickDASH score was 0. conclusions: Osteoid osteoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis when patients complain of subacute or chronic digital pain that improves with NSAIDs. Surgical treatment by simple curettage or en bloc resection shows satisfactory results. However, due to its low prevalence, osteoid osteoma is commonly underdiagnosed resulting in diagnosis and treatment delays.


ABSTRACT This study investigated the collapse capacity of inelastic single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) systems subjected to mainshock-aftershock earthquake sequences. A hysteretic model incorporating strength and stiffness deterioration was used to describe the inelastic behaviors of SDOF systems under seismic excitations. An ATC63 far-field record set was adopted as seed mainshock records to synthesize earthquake sequences. An extended IDA method was employed to calculate the collapse capacity of inelastic SDOF systems subjected to mainshock-aftershock earthquake sequences by scaling the earthquake sequence as a whole. An extensive parametric study was conducted for examining the effects of hysteretic model parameters and artificial earthquake sequences synthesized by different methods and with near-field and far-field mainshock earthquakes on system collapse capacity. Through comparing the collapse capacity for mainshock-aftershock earthquake sequences and that for mainshock earthquakes only, it is found that aftershocks can yield a significant reduction on the median collapse capacity for all systems and lead to an important increase on the dispersion of collapse capacity for the systems at most periods. Based on the parametric study results, empirical expressions were proposed to predict the aftershock-induced reduction and increase on the median and dispersion of collapse capacity, respectively.


This study evaluated the performance of latex-modified fiber-reinforced concrete (RC) segments as a function of the substitution level of microsilica and type of reinforced fiber, to address the problem of corrosion of steel segments and steel-reinforced fiber segments, which are commonly used to shield tunnel-boring machine (TBM) tunnels in urban spaces. Our study compared macro synthetic, steel, and hybrid (macro synthetic fiber + polypropylene fiber) reinforcing fibers. The substitution levels of microsilica used were 0, 2, 4, and 6%. The target strengths were set at 40 and 60 MPa to test compressive strength, flexural strength, chloride ion penetration resistance, and impact resistance. Testing of latex-modified and fiber-reinforced segment concrete showed that the compressive strength, flexural strength, and chloride ion penetration resistance increased with an increasing substitution level of microsilica. These improvements were attributed to the densification of the concrete due to filling micropores with microsilica. Micro synthetic fiber was more effective in terms of improved compressive strength, flexural strength, and chloride ion penetration resistance than steel fiber. These results were due to the higher number of micro synthetic fibers per unit volume compared with steel fiber, which reduced the void volume and suppressed the development of internal cracks. The optimal microsilica content and fiber volume fraction of micro synthetic fiber were 6% and 1%, respectively. To evaluate the effects of the selected mixtures and hybrid fibers simultaneously, other mixing variables were fixed and a hybrid fiber mixture (combination of macro synthetic fibers and polypropylene fibers) was used. The hybrid fiber mixture produced better compressive strength, flexural strength, chloride ion penetration resistance, and impact resistance than the micro synthetic fibers.


The slow step in product formation in the aqueous bromination of α-methoxystyrene is the breakdown of the methyl hemiacetal of α-bromoacetophenone.


The article discusses the problem of using hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) as a grease additive. The literature
on the subject was analysed in terms of greases into which hexagonal boron nitride was added. Particular
attention was paid to the nano h-BN, due to the topicality of this topic and the potential of nano-additives to
lubricants noted in published scientific studies. It was found that in order to indicate the regularities describing
the tribological interaction of hexagonal boron nitride, detailed studies and an analysis of its properties are
required. The important factors determining the application of this additive include particle size distribution,
morphology, specific surface area, and porosity. The mentioned properties were determined for four samples
of hexagonal boron nitride, which were also objects of tribological experiments. For this purpose, a scanning
electron microscope (SEM) and XRD method were used, and low-temperature adsorption isotherms were
determined. The research on the influence of h-BN on the lubricity properties of lithium grease was carried
out on a four-ball apparatus. Possible mechanisms of interaction of different types of h-BN in the friction
zone were identified using the information collected on their important properties. Based on the results of the
research, it was found that the use of nano h-BN in the discussed context seems promising. Article published
in connection with the Autumn Tribological School.


Objective: To study the surgical risk factors and the perioperative management of cholecystectomy in the HIV infected patients with gallbladder stones. Method: Preoperative routine examination was done for all 20 HIV-infectedpatients with gallbladder stones and flow cytometry instrument was used to test T-lymphocyte subsets. Sulfamethoxazole and fluconazole were administered only to the patients with CD4200 cells/μl. for preventing pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and fungal infections. Coagulation factor Ⅷ was given to the patient with hemophilia. Result: Cholecystectomy was performed on 20 cases under general anesthesia. Five cases occurred with postoperative sepsis, but no mortality. Abnormal results of preoperative tests including CD4、CD4/CD8、hemoglobin and those of postoperative tests including CD4、hemoglobin、albumin were the risk factors of sepsis in HIV-infected patients. Conclusion: The HIV-infected patients are more likely to develop postoperative sepsis. Appropriate management and rational use of antibiotics could help reducing the rate of postoperative infection.


Mudstone is becoming increasingly important for unconventional oil and gas development. The morphological characteristics of clastic are not only contributions to the 3D framework of mudstone, but they can clearly affect the physical properties of a mudstone reservoir, including surface area, pore-size distribution, and porosity. However, it is very difficult and time-consuming to measure the particle size distribution (PSD) of mudstone because of its small particle size and strong cementation. However, because of the importance of oil and gas extraction, is urgent to develop a fast, accurate, and objective analysis method to measure the PSD of mudstone. Based on a comparison of various PSD measurement methods commonly used in the energy industry and geology, the best PSD measurement method for mudstone should be digital image processing. In this study, two imaging methods, Trainable Weka Segmentation (TWS) and black mudstone particle size measurement, were used to analyze sections of the early Silurian Longmaxi mudstone of China's Sichuan Basin. The PSD data obtained by manual measurement, TWS and the contribution method are compared.Image analysis show that the particle sizes of all samples fall in the range of coarse silt to clay, and the average sizes fall in the range of coarse silt to fine silt. The skewness, kurtosis, standard deviation and other distribution characteristics parameters show minor errors, and the relative error is less than 15%. The Pearson correlation coefficient of the Tenth quantile of TWS, BMPSM and manual measurement was calculated, which show R-square values typically ranging between 0.64 and 0.87. K(Kolmogorov)-S(Smirnov) test results show that the data obtained by the three measurement methods are from the same distribution at the level of 0.05. Analytic results show that the method presented is effective, cost-efficient, and could avoids artificial errors


The sixth annual Origins of Cancer Symposium was held July 10, 2015, at the Van Andel Research Institute in Grand Rapids, MI. Its theme was Beyond the Genome, with talks focused on the various influences of posttranslational modifications in malignant transformation and the spread of cancer. This event was organized by senior Ph.D. students as part of their professional development training at the Van Andel Institute Graduate School and is a successor to the original Oncogene meetings established by the Foundation for Advanced Cancer Studies in the 1980s. The symposium featured eight world-renowned scientists who disclosed their new findings and reflected upon past work related to the array of posttranslational modifications that contribute to cancer.


Chincherinchee flowers were harvested when 10–11 florets were open for conducting studies on keeping quality. Flowers dried in hot air oven and in microwave oven as well as dyed flowers were kept upto 120 days under three conditions of storage i.e., without cover, in cellophane sheets and in paper envelopes. The results indicated that after 120 days of storage duration, maximum score was allotted to flowers which were dried in microwave oven and were kept covered in paper envelopes. Similarly, in case of dyed flowers maximum presentability was found in Yellow fabric dye stored in paper envelopes followed by those stored in cellophane sheets as compared to open (without cover) conditions.


The two congeneric sea rockets (Cakile maritima and Cakile edentula) have invaded coastal sand dunes in Australia. C. edentula was the first species to arrive; however, it almost disappeared and was replaced by the later introduced C. maritima. A higher level of variation (genetic and phenotypic) in C. maritima is hypothesised to be conducive to its better establishment. To determine the extent and pattern of variation within Australian C. maritima, 18 geographic populations were collected and assessed for variation at eight microsatellite loci. The mean allele number per locus was high (7.5), suggesting a high overall diversity across Australia. However, variation was higher within (74%) than among (26%) populations, suggesting genetic differentiation based on geography. Although the species is distributed all along the Australian coast from west to east and north up into Queensland, little evidence of allele flow was detected. In particular, Western Australian populations were distinct from those collected in eastern Australian locations. This indicates several relatively recent and separate introductions of C. maritima into Australia.


The development of a highly selective and sensitive optical method for quantitative enantioselective sensing of chiral amino acids in the presence of other amino acid interferences has remained a major challenge to date. Herein, a homochiral metal–organic framework (MOF), [Zn(L)(2,2′‐bipy)]·H2O (LNNU‐1) (H2L = HOOCC6H4CH2PO(OH)(OC2H5), 2,2′‐bipy = 2,2′‐bipyridine), is designed to interact with tryptophan via multiple noncovalent interactions. The interactions result in the emergence of a strong induced circular dichroism signal. This enables accurate determination of the absolute configuration and enantiomeric ratio of chiral tryptophan in water, mixed natural amino acids, and blood plasma components without any interference from other coexistent species. A simple device with advantageous characteristics of reusability and simple manipulation is designed for enantioselective sensing assay. The obtained results suggest that the rationally designed homochiral MOF is a promising candidate for enantioselective sensing of chiral species.


The advent of Internet of Things is the network of physical objects or "things" embedded with electronics, software, sensors and network activity that enables objects to collect and exchange data. The IoT allows objects to be sensed and controlled remotely across existing network infrastructures, creating opportunities for more direct integration between physical world and computer based systems resulting in improved efficiency, accuracy and economic benefit. IoT with Raspberry pi has been implemented for Home security through embedded system and an interface has given to all cell phones which belong to members of home. RFID is a tracking technology used to identify and authenticate tags that are applied. Typical RFID tag includes microchip with radio antenna, mounted on substrate. This project has been developed by interfacing RFID, it gets disabled soon after the door is opened and enabled when door is closed, whenever any person enters the home, motion sensor senses the culprit and camera clicks the picture, so that an image along with an alert message is sent to server from which the owner get notified through their app. This project mainly focuses on reducing the wasteful use of resources. The security cameras installed are activated only when required, rather than enabling it all the time. Thus saving lot of energy and providing security.


Abstract In this invited review article, we give a comprehensive account of the existing literature on the electronic properties of organic materials. The main focus of this article is the rich and extensive literature on the electronic transport in organic materials, particularly conjugated polymers, as they offer numerous advantages over inorganic materials. Consequently, they have found widespread application in photovoltaics, light-emitting displays, and even, more recently, in thermoelectric energy conversion. This literature review will be useful to researchers starting in the field of organic electronics as well as experts seeking to broaden their understanding of transport in polymers.


Law enforcement, emergency medical, and fire service agencies are being increasingly scrutinized as never before. The legal implications of litigations such as Kershner v Burlington, Sanders v The Board of County Commissioners of the County of Jefferson, Colorado, and the Cedar Fire lawsuits are clear. Decision makers and the agencies they represent are being held liable for their actions and decisions. This may necessitate the crafting and implementation by national policy makers of a more uniformed nationwide immunity law to help protect responders from the patchwork of state laws that currently exists. This is particularly relevant in an era of cross state, regional, and federal mutual aid response where emergency workers are exposed to uneven immunity laws that expose them to significant legal ramifications.


To research the relationship between the elastic parameters and the molecular structures of nano hybrid polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) materials, the mechanical properties at different temperatures for three POSS polymers with different molecular architectures, polymerlized norbornene POSS homopolymer (PNPOSS, pedant architecture), γ-(2, 3 glycidoxy) propyl diaminoethane POSS polymer (GPDP, catena architecture) and trimethoxysilylcyclopentyl POSS polymer (TSCP, cage-cage network architecture) were obtained by molecular dynamics simulations based on the Compass force-field. Results indicate that the molecular architectures of the POSS polymers have great influence on the reinforced effects. The effect of the cage-cage network architecture is best, while that of the catena architecture takes second place and the pedant architecture has the least influence comparatively. The reinforced effects of the POSS monomers were examined. The influences of the temperatures on these effects were analyzed also. It may provide some basis for the reasonable applications of the excellent mechanical properties of the organic-inorganic nano-hybrid materials. It may also provide references for exploitation and design of the POSS materials.


Let ${\mathbb K}={\mathbb Q}(\sqrt{m})$ be a real quadratic number field, where $m>1$ is a squarefree integer. Suppose that $0 < \theta< \pi $ has rational cosine, say $\cos (\theta)=s/r$ with $0< |s|<r$ and $\gcd(r,s)=1$. A positive integer $n$ is called a $(\mathbb K,\theta)$-congruent number if there is a triangle, called the $(\mathbb K,\theta, n)$-triangles, with sides in $\mathbb K$ having $\theta$ as an angle and $n\alpha_\theta$ as area, where ${\alpha_\theta}=\sqrt{r^2-s^2}$. Consider the $(\mathbb K,\theta)$-congruent number elliptic curve $E_{n,\theta}: y^2=x(x+(r+s)n)(x-(r-s)n)$ defined over $\mathbb K$. Denote the squarefree part of positive integer $t$ by ${\rm sqf}(t)$. In this work, it is proved that if $m\neq {\rm sqf}(2r(r-s))$ and $mn\neq 2, 3, 6$, then $n$ is a $(\mathbb K,\theta)$-congruent number if and only if the Mordell-Weil group $E_{n,\theta}(\mathbb K)$ has positive rank, and all of the $(\mathbb K,\theta, n)$-triangles are classified in four types.


We refer to channels of communication which link the user to various electronic appliances and computers as cognitive communication channels. One especially interesting research topic related to cognitive communication channels deals with a special application called sensory substitution, when information is conveyed through a channel other than the one that is normally used. Besides offering a glimpse of hope to those living with injured sensory organs, sensory substitution can have benefits when designing user interfaces both in terms of cost-effectiveness, as well as the prevention of channel overloading. In this paper, we propose a unified approach to study the relationship between physical parameters and coding parameters that can be used to convey control information through auditory cognitive channels. The approach is demonstrated through an application in which the physical properties of a surface are conveyed to a remote teleoperator through sound. Plans for experiments to be conducted in future investigations are also layed out.


Cymbal stand (10) comprises a frame body having an insertion hole (13) (11), first and second engagement member (20a) and (20b), and first and second compression coil spring (40a) and (40b) . By the first and second compression coil spring (40a) and (40b) presses the first and second engagement member (20a) and (20b), such that the first and second nut portion (21a) and (21b) with each other close to engagement with the bolt. When the first and second compression against the coil spring (40a) and the pressing force (40b) of the push button is pressed the first and second portions (22a) when and (22b), a first portion and a second nut (21a) and ( 21b) of the bolt disengaged.


We investigate two routes to obtain negative group velocity bands in two-dimensional phononic crystal structures. The negative dispersion originates from the resonances of sub-wavelength building blocks and as such, the system should be regarded as acoustic metamaterials. The first kind of acoustic metamaterial exhibits effectively negative bulk modulus and negative mass density simultaneously. Monopolar and dipolar Mie resonances are combined to achieve an effective medium with negative refractive index. In particular, we present a double negative metamaterial for airborne sonic waves. We then show that we can obtain negative group velocity from quadrupole resonances, and the result is explained using the quasi-static approximation. The negative dispersion in quadrupole bands cannot be described by standard effective medium theories even though the frequency can be very low.


This chapter examines the evolution of the concept of working memory. It explains that the expression of working memory was first used in the book Plans and the Structure of Behavior, which is widely acknowledged to be a milestone in the early development of cognitive psychology. The chapter discusses the production-system and associative-network models of working memory, and evaluates the relation between working memory and reading comprehension. It describes multicomponent models of working memory and explores the role of inhibitory processes in working-memory capacity.


Factual Background In September 2005, the municipality of Uddevalla decided to give financial support of 900 000 SEK to Film i Vast, a regional film production company. Hans Jonasson, a local…


Instability and poor performance are two wellknown problems encountered in bilateral teleoperation over a communication channel with variable time delays, where force feedback from the slave side is provided to the master side. When unknown disturbances or external forces act on the master and/or the slave manipulators, the teleoperation system will be even more prone to stability and performance degradation. By adopting a Lyapunov approach, we present a novel nonlinear disturbance observer based control scheme for teleoperation systems that are subject to variable time delays and disturbances. Lumping the effects of dynamic uncertainties, unknown forces/torques exerted by the human operator and the remote environment, and external disturbances into a single disturbance term enables us to use a disturbance observer and suppress these disturbances in order to alleviate their adverse effects on the teleoperation system stability and performance. The proposed disturbance observer based control laws guarantee asymptotic disturbance tracking, asymptotic position tracking, and stability of teleoperation system in both constrained and free motions. Experimental results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


presenting overviews of diagnosis, slow viruses, and immune function as applied to schizophrenia. The major benefit of reading these conference proceedings, however, is learning, by the kind of data presented and questions asked, what experts in these fields actually do in their work. This gives the reader a much better sense of the concepts involved in, and the criteria used for, establishing facts in a given discipline than could be provided by a simple statement of current knowledge. It is perhaps one of the prerogatives of pre-eminence in a given field that a scholar may give us his opinion on a variety of other subjects as well, and be assured of an attentive audience. As one of the founders of the modern science of immunology, and as a man whose intellectual standing is unassailable, Sir Macfarlane Burnet takes full advantage of his position to range over a wide variety of subjects, and to put forward many thought-provoking ideas. The book is ostensibly about ageing, and much detailed biological research, perhaps too much for a popular work, is examined to support the thesis that ageing is primarily caused by the accumulation of genetic and metabolic errors in somatic cells. Errors in repair processes and in the immune system are particularly stressed. The author discusses various genetic diseases and there is an entire chapter devoted to Xeroderma Pigmentosum which is thought, owing to its effect on DNA repair mechanisms, to be an analogue of normal ageing. Other possible mechanisms of ageing get a shorter treatment, and there is an almost unreasonable neglect of the idea that viruses may cause deleterious long-term changes in cells. From talking about genetic defects as a cause of ageing, and genetic defects in general, the author steps into more tenuous territory by advancing a rather extreme genetic determinism for individuals as well as for society. Aggression and the desire for dominance, according to Burnet, are innate in men and hence so is evil conduct. These constantly need to be held in check by rational virtue though women being innately less aggressive may also be innately good. It is an argument that will without doubt infuriate "liberated" women, and men may be no less annoyed. Also since evil conduct is genetic, so is crime, and all attempts to significantly reform individuals or society are doomed according to the author. Reading such passages one wonders whether pessimism and the …


The progress of network information technique has greatly influencd over the development of human beings and society,and has profoundly changed every aspects of human beings and social lives.The network information technique is sword of two knives which shows its active aspect to mankind society,at the same time,will bring many negative effects if it isn't reasonably applied,managed and guided.The construction of network morelty is built up on the basis of the series of changes and two effects of informational society.


Crowdsourcing can be viewed as a positive catalyst for effective results in many sectors of the economy including business, governance, agriculture, and health to name a few because it provides unlimited opportunities to people to share information among societies around the world. Despite some considerable efforts to adopt this concept in Tanzania, less has been done on its implementation in monitoring and evaluation of projects. This chapter proposes the development of a crowdsourcing platform as an essential step towards combating corruption, misuse, and embezzlement of funds. The developed crowdsourcing platform for monitoring and evaluation provides an up-to-date status of projects based on key indicators set and from such information, any member in particular organization can monitor and evaluate the progress of a given project. Results of this study show that the platform promotes transparency, collaboration, accountability, and has potential to motivate different actors or stakeholders in monitoring projects funded by government and donors.


ABSRACT The aim of this study is to compare the perceptions about teacher communication skills of candidate teachers with regards to the class grades, department and gender variables. "Teacher Communication Skills Scale", developed by Cetinkanat (1997) was implemented to a total of 798 students, 492 of which were female and 306 of which were male students while 431 of them were studying at 1 st grade and 367 of them were at 4 th grade in different departments in Abant Izzet Baysal University in 2006-2007 spring term. The Cronbach Alfa reliability factor of the scale was found as, .847. The scale has empathy, transparency, equality, efficiency and competency sub-dimension. According to the findings of the study, a meaningful difference was observed in the candidate teachers' perceptions of teacher communication skills at the dimensions of empathy, transparency and competency with regards to the gender; no meaningful difference was determined between the students of first and fourth grades at the sub-dimensions of the scale. When the data of the study were analyzed according to the departments, a meaningful difference was observed in candidate teachers studying at Classroom Teacher Department in the first and fourth grades according to the efficacy dimension of the scale and in the candidate teachers studying at Mathematics Teacher Department in the first and fourth grades according to the equality dimension of the scale.


This thesis covers augmented beam Finite Elements for prismatic structures with a linear 3D material under static and dynamic excitations. An approach of superposed unit deflection shapes which are defined on a two dimensional Finite Element mesh of the cross section is used. This mesh of the cross section is also used for the preparation of the deflection shapes by solving different differential equations such that most efficient deflection shapes emerge.


Grid computing provides a good method for solving large scientific problems by using distributed re- sources.This paper describes capturing knowledge and how to select application components and computing re- sources,and using that knowledge to generate automatically executable job workflows.


The stability analyses is performed under the condition of water saturation degree variation for representative landslide in the Three Gorge Reservoir area.The critical safety coefficient is investigated by considering the change of cohesion and friction angle under different saturation degree.The rule of push-force in different location of landslide is studied under different saturation condition with a given design safety coefficient.The variationale mechanism is investigated within different water pressure change.The prevention measure is proposed based on the analytical foundation for a landslide.