It's a case of the goat farm reared about 60 heads in Imsil county was outbreak Moniezia expensa infection. And 18 heads of less than 6 month olds goat were died. During the 2005 summer, morbidity and accumulative mortality were more than 60% and 30%, respectively less than 6 month young goat. Most young goat were suffer from diarrhea, severe weight losses, emaciations, and died. In necropsy, there were about 0.7-2.5m of 2-8 adult M expensa in the small intestinal lumen, swollen mesenteric lymph nodes. Slight hemorrhages were seen in lung and moderate hemorrhages were seen in mucous membrane of small intestine. Also various species (Trichostrongylus spp, Haemonchus spp, Eimeria spp) of parasite eggs were seen in fecal test. Pasteurella hemolytica was identified in lung by the API kit (Biomerieux Co. Ltd) for biochemical test. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) results, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, erythromycin, tyrosine, gentamycin, enrofloxacin, and norflocxacin were selected sensitive antibiotics.


The present invention provides an integrated circuit integrated on a semiconductor material die and adapted to be at least partly tested wirelessly, wherein circuitry for setting a selected radio communication frequencies to be used for the wireless test of the integrated circuit are integrated on the semiconductor material die.


In the last years we have witnessed an increasing interest in AI systems able to perform reasoning and actions in real time environments However the issue of combining advanced reasoning under real time constraint re mains a challenge On one side we have pre compiled knowledge sys tems with guaranteed response time and on the other side high level architectures which even if they satisfy a number of desired functionali ties required for real time systems fall short of being able to prove any temporal property In this paper we rst de ne and characterize various temporal prop erties of a reasoning system such as reaction time and response time We argue that although minimal an upper bound on reaction time is a requirement to build any Real Time Reasoning System RTRS More over independently of any particular application it appears to be the only easy to prove real time property for a RTRS However a bound on response time is in most cases impossible to obtain Nevertheless there are still some temporal properties which although less important than the response time are required by some applications and can be proven for some systems We then present the PRS system which provides an upper bound on its reaction time under some well de ned assumptions and gives great exibility to the user to implement meta level reasoning which allows him to add new temporal properties to the system such as priority mechanisms or the capability to take deadlines into account We conclude with a short survey of the current RTRS we also show that the number of temporal properties we can prove about a system decreases as its exibility increases The more open systems are the less we can prove about their temporal properties


Lake Maracaibo (Venezuela) constantly suffers some serious environmental problems, in particular the oil spill resulting from intensive hydrocarbons extraction. The state-run oil com- pany Petroleos de Venezuela S.A. (PDVSA) commissioned at the DIAEE (La Sapienza, Universi- ty of Rome) a feasibility study aiming at designing a monitoring system customized for the Lake Maracaibo, based on the use of satellite sensors, for the detection of the oil spill. However the pe- culiar meteorological, environmental and operational conditions present in the study area do not allow to realize a suitable and cost-effective monitoring system for the remote detection of the oil spills. We describe the results and the reasons respect of which we can state that such a monitoring system cannot be achieved. Measurement campaigns was carried out during the period February- March 2011 with the aim of analyzing the spectral behaviour of the oil when it floats on the lake surface and then define the channels of the electromagnetic spectrum in which it is more easy to distinguish oil contaminated water surface. The set of instruments used during the campaign was selected in order to cover the whole optical region (0.35 - 14 m) of the electromagnetic spectrum that is usually covered also by satellite sensors. Furthermore, this paper shows the results obtained by analyzing both the "in situ" data acquired during the measurement campaign, and the satellite data acquired from the satellite ENVISAT (ASAR and MERIS), MODIS and Landsat in the period of the campaign.


One-dimensional ZnO nanostructures have great potential applications in the fields of optoelectronic and sensor devices. Therefore, it is very important to realize the controllable growth of one-dimensional ZnO nanostructures and investigate their properties. The main points for this thesis are not only to successfully realize the controllable growth of ZnO nanorods (ZNRs), ZnO nanotubes (ZNTs) and ZnMgO/ZnO heterostructures, but also investigate the structure and optical properties in detail by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), resonant Raman spectroscopy (RRS), photoluminescence (PL), time resolved PL (TRPL), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). For ZNRs, on one hand, ZNRs have been successfully synthesized by a two-step chemical bath deposition method on Si substrates. The diameter of ZNRs can be well controlled from 150 nm to 40 nm through adjusting the diameter and density of the ZnO nanoparticles pretreated on the Si substrates. The experimental results indicated that both diameter and density of ZnO nanoparticles on the substrates determined the diameter of ZNRs. But when the density is higher than the critical value of 2.3×108cm-2, the density will become the dominant factor to determine the diameter of ZNRs. One the other hand, the surface recombination of ZNRs has been investigated in detail. Raman, RRS and PL results help us reveal that the surface defects play a significant role in the as-grown sample. It is the first time to the best of our knowledge that the Raman measurements can be used to monitor the change of surface defects and deep level defects in the CBD grown ZNRs. Then we utilized TRPL technique, for the first time, to investigate the CBD grown ZNRs with different diameters. The results show that the decay time of the excitons in ZNRs strongly depends on the diameter. The altered decay time is mainly due to the surface recombination process. A thermal treatment under 500°C can strongly suppress the surface recombination channel. A simple carrier and exciton diffusion equation is also used to determine the surface recombination velocity, which results in a value between 1.5 and 4.5 nm/ps. Subsequently, we utilized XPS technique to investigate the surface composition of as-grown and annealed ZNRs so that we can identify the surface recombination centers. The experimental results indicated that the OH and H bonds play the dominant role in facilitating surface recombination but specific chemisorbed oxygen also likely affect the surface recombination. Finally, on the basis of results above, we explored an effective way, i.e. sealing the beaker during the growth process, to effectively suppress the surface recombination of ZNRs and the suppression effect is even better than a 500oC post-thermal treatment. For ZNTs, the structural and optical properties have been studied in detail. ZNTs have been successfully evolved from ZNRs by a simple chemical etching process. Both temperature-dependent PL and TRPL results not only further testify the coexistence of spatially indirect and direct transitions due to the surface band bending, but also reveal that less nonradiative contribution to the emission process in ZNTs finally causes their strong enhancement of luminescence intensity. For ZnMgO/ZnO heterostructures, the Zn0.94Mg0.06O/ZnO heterostructures have been deposited on 2 inch sapphire wafer by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) equipment. PL mapping demonstrates that Mg distribution in the entire wafer is quite uniform with average concentration of ~6%. The annealing effects on the Mg diffusion behaviors in Zn0.94Mg0.06O/ZnO heterostructures have been investigated by SIMS in detail. All the SIMS depth profiles of Mg element have been fitted by three Gaussian distribution functions. The Mg diffusion coefficient in the as-grown Zn0.94Mg0.06O layer deposited at 700 oC is two orders of magnitude lower than that of annealing samples, which clearly testifies that the deposited temperature of 700 oC is much more beneficial to grow ZnMgO/ZnO heterostructures or quantum wells. This thesis not only provides the effective way to fabricate ZNRs, ZNTs and ZnMgO/ZnO heterostructures, but also obtains some beneficial results in aspects of their optical properties, which builds theoretical and experimental foundation for much better understanding fundamental physics and broader applications of low-dimensional ZnO and related structures.


Transmission lines with half-wavelength properties are an option to current technologies for transporting large blocks of energy over long distance. This unconventional system has excellent steady state and stability properties as well as economical advantages over the transmission lines in direct current. However, nowadays there are no such lines in operation. One of the main problems discussed in the literature on the implementation of these lines is the critical faults that produce severe overvoltages. This article summarizes the main characteristics of these lines, presents a methodology for analyzing critical faults as well as possible solutions to this problem.


Peri-implantitis is defined as an inflammatory process affecting the tissues around an osseointegrated implant, resulting in the loss of the supporting bone. Microbial adherence and colonization appear to play a major role in the pathogenesis of periimplantitis. The decision regarding treatment strategies is based on the diagnosis. The severity of the peri-implant lesion and the treatment strategies must include mechanical cleaning (infection control) procedures. Mechanical instrumentation is widely used for the debridement of dental implants, but this may alter the titanium's surface properties. Therefore, selection of the type of instrumentation should be made depending on the type of surface to be debrided. Also, patients with dental implants must always be enrolled in a supportive therapy program.


This paper presents the research work that aims at designing a speech based interactive ubiquitous teaching robot for quality enhancement of Higher Education ensuring better performance by making possibility of interaction between the Robot Teacher and Student/ Learner. Students/ Learner can ask technical questions for which the robot replies. Here the reply by the Robot is limited by the answers available in the database. The proposed speech based interactive teaching system has two phases; they are training and testing. A feed forward neural network is used as a supervised classifier after it is trained by means of a back propagation (BP) algorithm using the features of sound signal from the Student/ Learner. The number of queries present in the database and non database queries recognized is presented by Receiver Operating Characteristics curve (ROC). The ROC curve lies above the diagonal of the ROC plot. This indicates that the proposed method of interaction of Robot with the learners is acceptable. The percentage of question recognition resulted in 74%. Keyword Feed forward neural network, Supervised Classifier, Back propagation (BP) algorithm, Teaching Robot, Speech processing, Receiver Operating Characteristics.


The change of ionospheric electron content during the solar eclipse of July 20, 1963, was measured by observing the Faraday polarization rotation of linearly polarized, lunar-reflected radio waves. Results reported here were obtained by receiving 25 Mc/s lunar radio echoes at Danville, Illinois, and Minneapolis, Minnesota. The transmitter was located at Stanford University. Essential features of the experiment have been described previously [Howard et al., 1964].


Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome "PRES" refers to a clinic-radiological disorder of reversible subcortical vasogenic brain oedema in patients with classic acute neurological symptoms. Many causes are identified including drugs intoxications. Recent publications have portrayed the correlation of cannabis to ischemic and haemorrhagic cerebrovascular diseases but not to PRES. We herein present a case report of a 13 years old boy admitted in our paediatric ICU for a PRES potentially caused by cannabis intoxication. • Paracetamol 15mg/Kg/6 hours. • Empiric antibiotherapy: Ceftriaxone (100mg/Kg/day) and Gentamycin 3mg/Kg/day. A cerebral CT scan was performed and showed cerebral edema. The CSL study was normal. The blood culture was negative. The Chest X-ray showed radiological images of pneumonia and the tracheobronchial aspirate study identified a Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. We changed antibiotherapy prescription to Imipenem (20mg/Kg/8hours), Amikacin 15mg/Kg/day, Vancomycin 30mg/Kg/ day. The toxicological screening showed the presence of Cannabis in urine samples. The patient was a febrile on the 3rd day of antibiotics. Sedation was interrupted. The patient showed no signs of neurological recovery. Another CT scan was performed showing no abnormalities. An MRI was performed identifying a posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome "PRES". In fact, MRI showed typical neuroradiologic presentations of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome as seen in (Figures1-4). On Day 10, a tracheotomy was performed. The convulsions ceased under phenobarbital therapy. On Day 20, the respiratory weening was successful. On Day 48, the patient showed no signs of neurological progress. In fact, a vegetative state persisted, and the decerebration movement appeared simultaneal to pain stimulus. A follow up CT scan was performed. The latter showed no significant abnormalities. The patient died later on due to septic shock. Introduction Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) is a constellation of clinical and radiological findings that has been recognized increasingly in the past decade among children admitted to a pediatric Critical Care Unit [1]. Many etiologies were identified including drug intoxication. Cannabis intoxication has been associated to acute cerebrovascular events such as strokes and hemorrhages; however, PRES was never reported as a complication of this intoxication. We report a case of 13 years old boy, admitted in our pediatric ICU for coma and status epilepticus secondary to cannabis intoxication. Case Report A 13 years old boy was admitted to our pediatric ICU for status epilepticus leading to coma and respiratory failure. The initial examination showed an unconscious patient with a GCS 6/15; decerebration movements; and no pupillary abnormalities. The vital constants monitoring showed a Heartbeat at 112 beat per minute, a respiratory rate at 40 cycle per minute, a pulse oximetry at 89%, a temperature at 39°C and a blood pressure at 140/78mmHg. He was intubated following a Crush induction, using Propofol 4mg/Kg and Rocuronium 0.8mg/Kg. Continuous sedation was initiated using Midazolam (100μg/Kg/ hour) and Fentanyl (2μg/Kg/hour). He received • Phenobarbital: loading dose of 10mg/Kg followed by entertaining dose of 5mg/Kg/day. Sci Forschen O p e n H U B f o r S c i e n t i f i c R e s e a r c h Citation: Aissaoui O, Seddiki K, Mediouni K, Boujmai L, Mahdar I, et al. (2020) Cannabis Intoxication: What about Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome? Clin Res Open Access 6(1): dx.doi.org/10.16966/2469-6714.155 2 Clinical Research: Open Access Open Access Journal Figure 1: Areas of hyperintensities on axial T2 and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery involving bilateral cerebellar hemispheres. Figure 2: Lesions with the hyperintense signal on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MRI locating in both subcortical white matter and cortical gray matter of bilateral parieto-occipital region. Figure 3: The involved regions appear as areas of T1 and T2 prolongation and are typically not restricted on DWI, reflecting vasogenic edema. Figure 4: Axial FLAIR images and DWI showing bilateral areas of vasogenic edema affecting cortical and subcortical white matter in the parietal and occipital lobes, brain stem and cerebellum. Sci Forschen O p e n H U B f o r S c i e n t i f i c R e s e a r c h Citation: Aissaoui O, Seddiki K, Mediouni K, Boujmai L, Mahdar I, et al. (2020) Cannabis Intoxication: What about Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome? Clin Res Open Access 6(1): dx.doi.org/10.16966/2469-6714.155 3 Clinical Research: Open Access Open Access Journal We concluded to an "irreversible" PRES secondary to cannabis intoxication. Discussion PRES is a clinical syndrome with acute neurological findings resulting from disruption of the Blood-Brain Barrier and evidence of vasogenic edema on brain imaging [1]. Children are regarded to be more vulnerable to cerebrovascular dysfunction than adults because they have a narrower range of autoregulation in cerebral blood flow [2]. MRI findings in PRES typically include T2 and FLAIR hyperintensities in a parieto-occipital distribution [3]. The involved regions appear as areas of T1 and T2 prolongation and are typically not restricted on DWI, reflecting vasogenic edema [4]. Although PRES is known to be reversible, there in increasing data about cases with poor outcome. For instance, in this retrospective study of PRES patients admitted to a consortium of 24 participating ICUs in France, the authors report a 16% fatality rate and a 37% rate of significant functional impairments [5]. The authors identified a sub-group as "Severe PRES" when the latter is associated with neurological failure which required intensive care management for monitoring or life support management. This subgroup is probably linked to a higher mortality and poorer outcome. Regarding the involvement of cannabis intoxication, our literature review showed that acutely, cannabis alters global and regional cerebral blood flow and that could be the cause of vasogenic edema and PRES in our case. Several studies on rat, mouse, rabbit, cat, and pig models were performed to examine the effect of cannabinoids on blood circulation as well as reactive vasodilation or vasoconstriction, particularly focusing on the cerebral vascular bed [6]. It was found that, both vasodilation and vasoconstriction have been observed following administration of cannabis in rodents [7]. Studies on acute neurovascular events related to cannabis use have appeared as early as 1964 (Mohan and Sood, 1964). The 'vasogenic' theory is the more traditional hypothesis, which postulates that severe cerebral hyperperfusion would damage the brain blood barrier and cause cerebraledema and therefore PRES [8]. The other theories share a similar mechanism, where endothelial dysfunction causes resultant hypoperfusion and ischemia [9]. Cerebral vasoconstriction may then trigger this dysfunction. Furthermore, many cases of ischemic strokes associated with cannabis smoking have been published since 1964. These strokes were more frequent in vertebrobasilar territory, suggesting susceptibility of posterior circulation [10]. On the other hand, a review about harmful cerebrovascular and neurological effects of smoking cannabis reported a total of 107 case reports involving cannabis intake and neurovascular complications that have been studied since 1964 to 2019 [7]. PRES did not figure among the cited complications, and therefore our case is the first report of PRES secondary to cannabis intoxication. Conclusion Cannabis intoxication is nowadays associated with multiple cerebrovascular effects, including ischemic strokes and hemorrhages. However, a PRES was never reported. We believe that this is the first case of PRES secondary to cannabis. The pathophysiology of the causality of cannabis in a PRES remains uncertain.


II-VI semiconductor core/shell nanostructures with narrower bandgap shell (CdS/HgS, CdS/Ag2S, CdSe/HgSe, and CdSe/ Ag2Se), obtained from aqueous solutions in the presence of gelatin, are studied by optical absorption, photoluminescence, and Raman spectroscopy. The observed non-monotonous behaviour of the spectra with the effective shell thickness is related to the evolution of the core/shell interface in the course of the shell formation. (© 2010 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Background: Very preterm newborns with respiratory distress at birth demonstrate increased end-expiratory lung volumes when ventilated with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). However, the regional distribution of ventilation is unknown, especially if PEEP is not held constant but altered as occurs during face mask removal. Aim: To determine the how the distribution of ventilation changes between different PEEPs Method: Rabbit pups (28dGA) were delivered by c-section and mechanically ventilated with a peak inflation pressure of 35cmH2O and a sequence of PEEP. The PEEP sequences were (A) 0-5-10-5-0cmH2O, (B) 5-10-0-5-0cmH2O and (C) 10-5-0-10-0cmH2O. Phase contrast X-ray imaging was used to image and analyse the distribution of aeration. Results: In sequence A and B, upper lobes (U) were more aerated than lower lobes (L) at functional residual capacity (FRC) throughout the ventilation period (A: 10PEEP U vs L - 70.5±2.9% vs 55.7±3.3%, p 70% of maximal lung volume (p>0.05). Once VPIP was >70%, VT aerated L more than U (A: U vs L; 22.3±3.7% vs 30.3±3.6%, p 0.05) and VT lacked difference at 10PEEP despite VPIP >70% (p Conclusion: At FRC, U are better aerated than L at different PEEP levels. During inflation, the VT was distributed more to lower lobes than upper lobes after the lungs were fully aerated. This is not observed if lungs were initially aerated with a very high PEEP.


MARTIN, T. E., AND J. J. RoPER. 1988. Nest predation and nest-site selection of a western population of the Hermit Thrush. Condor 90:51-57. MARZLUFF, J. M., R. B. BOONE, AND G. W. Cox. 1994. Historical changes in populations and perceptions of native pest bird species in the West. Pages 202-220 in A century of avifaunal change in western North America (J. R. Jehl, Jr. and N. K. Johnson, Eds.). Studies in Avian Biology No. 15. MOSHER, J. A., K. TITUS, AND M. FULLER. 1986. Developing a practical model to predict nesting habitat of woodland hawks. Pages 31-35 in Wildlife 2000: Modeling habitat relationships of terrestrial vertebrates (J. Verner, M. L. Morrison, and C.J. Ralph, Eds.). University of Wisconsin Press, Madison. NOON, B. R. 1981. Techniques for sampling avian habitats. Pages 42-52 in The use of multivariate statistics in studies of wildlife habitat (D. E. Capen, Ed.). General Technical Report RM-87, U. S. Forest Service, Fort Collins, Colorado. ORLANs, G., AND F. KUHLMAN. 1956. Red-tailed Hawks and Horned Owl populations in Wisconsin. Condor 58:371-385. PARKER, J. W. 1972. A mirror pole device for examining high nests. Bird-Banding 43:216-218. PETIT, L. J., AND D. R. PETIT. 1996. Factors governing habitat selection by Prothonotary Warblers: Field tests of the Fretwell-Lucas models. Ecological Monographs 66:367-387. POSTUPALSKY, S. 1974. Raptor reproductive success: Some problems with methods, criteria, and terminology. Pages 21-31 in Management of raptors (F. N. Hamerstrom, Jr., B. E. Harrell, and R. R. Olendorff, Eds.). Raptor Research Report No. 2. Raptor Research Foundation, Inc. Vermillion, South Dakota. RATCLIFFE, D. A. 1962. Breeding density in the Peregrine (Falco peregrinus) and Raven (Corvus corax). Ibis 104:13-39. SEAMANS, M. E., AND R. J. GuritRREz. 1995. Breeding habitat of the Mexican Spotted Owl in the Tularosa Mountains, New Mexico. Condor 97:944: 952. SKARPHtDINSSON, K. H., 0. K NIELSEN, S. TH6RISSON, S. THORSTENSEN, AND S. A. TEMPLE. 1990. Breeding biology, movements, and persecution of Ravens in Iceland. Acta Naturalia Islandica 33:1-45. SMITH, R. N. 1994. Factors affecting Red-tailed Hawk reproductive success in Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming. M. S. thesis, University of Wyoming, Laramie. Trrus, K., J. A. MOSHER, AND B. K. WILLIAMS. 1984. Chance-corrected classification for use in discriminant analysis: Ecological applications. American Midland Naturalist 107:1-7. WHITE, C. M., AND T. J. CADE. 1971. Cliff-nesting raptors and Ravens along the Colville River in Arctic Alaska. Living Bird 10:107-149. WHITE, C. M., AND M. TANNER-WHITE. 1988. Use of interstate highway overpasses and billboards for nesting by the Common Raven (Corvus corax). Great Basin Naturalist 48:64-67.


The first described late Paleozoic syringoporid coral in the Canadian Western Cordillera, Sinopora pascuali sp.nov., is from the Dome Hills area, near Kamloops, British Columbia. It has strong Asiatic affinities. The age of the host rock is considered earliest Pennsylvanian(?).


The invention relates to an antihypertensive healthful tea and a preparation method thereof. Besides eucommia ulmoides leaves, ginkgo leaves and tealeaves, the antihypertensive healthful tea also comprises barbary wolfberry fruits, wherein the percentages of the barbary wolfberry fruits, the eucommia ulmoides leaves, the ginkgo leaves and the tealeaves accounting for the total weight are as follows: 20 percent to 40 percent of barbary wolfberry fruits, 5 percent to 15 percent of eucommia ulmoides leaves, 10 percent to 30 percent of ginkgo leaves and 30 percent to 50 percent of tealeaves. The antihypertensive healthful tea is packaged at 8 to 12 grams per package. Not only does the combination of the barbary wolfberry fruits, the eucommia ulmoides leaves and the ginkgo leaves have a synergistic effect, but also the barbary wolfberry fruits eliminate the bitterness and partial toxicity of the eucommia ulmoides leaves and the ginkgo leaves, consequently, the taste of the antihypertensive healthful tea is better and as good as the taste of the ordinary tea, and thereby the antihypertensive healthful tea can be accepted by more people.


An aerodynamics simulation code for the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations is developed using the spectral volume method for unstructured tetrahedral meshes. The turbulent viscosity is modeled by the Spalart-Allmaras (SA) one-equation model. The developed scheme is validated for turbulent flow over a flat plate and assessed for transonic flowfield over a wing compared with available CFD results. Then, the developed flow solver is applied to obtain complicated flows over high-lift devices. By comparing obtained results with the corresponding experimental data and the available numerical results, the capability to predict complicated flowfields has been favorably shown. And the applicability to large scale industrial problems has been also indicated.


Abstract The article explores the relationship between religion and violence—both in the role religion has played in overcoming violence and in sometimes being at the heart of violence. Recent Indian history of religiously fuelled violence is the case study in this article. Additionally, the history of Christianity is dotted with violence—imperialism and colonialism have been justified by some historians. This should be the basis for a challenge to the imperial and implicitly 'Christian' designs that accompany the present war against Iraq. The Bible and Christian theology contain violent images. There is ambiguity in defining violence, because sometimes it is difficult to name the more subtle forms of violence. The authority of the Church is questioned as it has sometimes been silent about the violence within its own life. The Churches need to engage in intra-Christian dialogue so as to mutually focus on the ministry of reconciliation and healing. The Churches need also to engage in inter-religious dialogue, recognizing a common spirituality of non-violence present in all religions.


Aim. Based on the analysis of two social-cultural cases (Lithuania and Georgia), the aim of the research is to reveal the necessity to create a strategy for the development of cultural literacy in schools; to examine the corpus of theory that deals with the concept of cultural literacy and based on the analysis of the latter to suggest a hypothesis for the development of cultural literacy.
Methods. The theoretical literature review (i.e., its relevance in academic discourse and international organisations as well as individual countries) has helped to establish the already existing definitions of the concept of cultural literacy, their interaction and to develop a new hypothesis to be tested for the development of cultural literacy in schools.
Results and conclusion. The literature review has shown that representatives of different theories offer different definitions of cultural literacy, although there is a common theoretical line on the basis of which I offer to the reader my own structure of cultural literacy development strategy. The analysis of historical and geographical contexts of Lithuania and Georgia has revealed that nowadays even small countries' society, with a dominant single nation, in some ways can be considered as a multicultural society. Schools in the said countries have become an intercultural place of learning, where reemigrants, migrants, ethnical minorities and locals are brought together. The analysis has led to the conclusion that taking into account modern challenges, the importance of the development of cultural literacy in schools is growing both for international organisations and for individual countries. The concept of cultural literacy is considered value-based knowledge, which comes as a response to the requirements of society's sustainable coexistence.


The present invention provides a method capable of using all essentials the same apparatus without performing an image of the same set for all devices connected via a communication line forming apparatus. From at least one other device connected via a communication line, the setting information acquisition means in the other devices of the registered; extracts the setting information from another apparatus among the acquired device other device in the image forming unregistered information setting means; means for setting the information devices other devices not registered to the extracted in the image forming apparatus together with the setting information display apparatus and the image forming login; unregistered from the displayed setting information of the image forming apparatus according to another apparatus and the apparatus selects a desired setting information setting means among the log information means formed in the image; means for setting setting information corresponding to the selected .


Brett Smiley and Jorge Elorza, the two Providence Mayoral candidates who have been disingenuously railing against "insider" and "old" politics, got together late last week and cut an insider's deal that would make Boss Tweed blush.


OBJECTIVE To investigate the therapeutic effects of bencycloquidium bromide on nasal hypersensitivity(NH) in guinea pigs.METHODS NH was induced in guinea pigs with 10% TDI olive oil administered intranasally, supplemented with a solvent group as control(n=10)which were administered olive oil in the same period.All the animals with NH were randomly divided into 5 groups,i.e,NH model group(n=10),three treating groups treated with bencycloquidium bromide(for each one n=10),and group treated with atropine sulfate.These 5 groups together with solvent group were 6 groups totally.After 2 weeks,the changes of guinea pigs in symptoms,nasal secretion,histamine concentration in nasal mucosa,and morphological features of nasal mucosa were observed under light microscopy.RESULTS Typical manifestation of NH was observed in animals of NH model group,including symptoms,increased histamine concentration and eosinophil number in nasal mucosa.Compared with model group,these changes were significantly relieved in treating groups with bencycloquidium bromide.CONCLUSION Bencycloquidium bromide is effective in NH.


The issue of LGBT rights in Russia first properly came to mainstream international attention in March 2012, when the St Petersburg Duma passed a law prohibiting "public acts aimed at the propaganda of sodomy, lesbianism, bisexualism and transgenderism amongst minors". The law provoked an international outcry, including calls for tourists to boycott St Petersburg, sister-cities to consider cut off ties with Russia's "window on Europe", and condemnation from the EU, with the European Parliament passing a resolution noting that it was "gravely concerned by developments which restrict freedom of expression and assembly on the basis of misconceptions about homosexuality and transgenderism" and calling on Russia and other countries considering the adoption of similar legislation to "demonstrate, and ensure respect for, the principle of non-discrimination".


This article argues that taking a practice theoretical approach is useful for obtaining a nuanced understanding of transnationally mobile persons' development of place affiliation through their adoption or rejection of locally available consumption practices. In this way, we engage in the ongoing discussion about practice theory and in how to understand the co-constellation of things, bodies and mental activities in relation to consumption. Focusing on newcomers to a particular geographic setting highlights possibilities and constraints for practice retention and adaptation, as well as reflection upon such choices. Additionally, we argue that the employed data collection techniques, involving a combination of volunteer-employed photography with participants' comments on their own photos and information about their socio-demographic profile, constitute a particularly apt approach for shedding light on evolving consumption practices in the face of geographic mobility, and how such practices may lead to the development of place affiliation.


We study the quantum synchronization of a single spin driven by an external semiclassical signal for spin numbers larger than S=1, the smallest system to host a quantum self-sustained oscillator. The occurrence of interference-based quantum synchronization blockade is found to be qualitatively different for integer vs. half-integer spin number S. We explain this phenomenon as the interplay between the external signal and the structure of the limit cycle in the generation of coherence in the system. Moreover, we show that the same dissipative limit-cycle stabilization mechanism leads to very different levels of quantum synchronization for integer vs. half-integer S. However, by choosing an appropriate limit cycle for each spin number, comparable levels of quantum synchronization can be achieved for both integer and half-integer spin systems.


The invention belongs to the field of biotechnology, and discloses a rapid staining method for biopolymers. The rapid staining method comprises the steps of: combination of stain and a to-be-stained biopolymer, separation of uncombined stain and a biopolymer combined with the stain, and imaging of the biopolymer combined with the stain. The rapid staining method enables the stain to rapidly combine with the biopolymer through utilizing different mobilities of the stain and the biopolymer in a medium applied with an electric field, and can rapidly separate the uncombined stain and the biopolymer combined with the stain, shorten the whole staining time, save the cost, is simple to operate as the staining, destaining and color development can be finished in one step, and can combine the separation step and the staining step of the biopolymer together.


There has been growing interest in introducing a national low carbon fuel standard (LCFS) in the United States as a replacement for the current Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS). The RFS, a program that mandates increasing volumes of various types of biofuels over time, is not well defined by law after 2022 and has become politically divisive. A national-level low-carbon fuel standard, similar to existing policies implemented in California and Oregon, would be technology-neutral, wherein fuels would generate credits or deficits based on their greenhouse gas (GHG) intensity. Depending on how it is designed, the transition from the existing RFS to a national-level LCFS could pose new risks or exacerbate existing issues in U.S. fuels policy. Notably, it may simply accelerate demand for existing, food-based biofuels and fail to deliver its intended GHG savings. This briefing paper discusses several of the motivations behind implementing a national LCFS, evaluates key risks associated with LCFS policy design, and lastly, provides a set of recommendations to mitigate those risks and maximize the effectiveness of the policy. We recommend a complementary set of proposals that would cap the contributions of the riskiest feedstocks, such as food-based biofuels, to a national LCFS and provide targeted support for more sustainable, second-generation biofuels.


This paper proposes a novel 3780-point FFT algorithm for the China national broadcasting standard. This new algorithm adopts the pure PFA (prime factor algorithm) and nested Winograd FFT which can realize the identity in the circuit structure. The simulation demonstrates that the new algorithm can achieve the equal accuracy rather than other methods but with the least quantity of multiplication.


This manuscript aims to assess the control of physical properties on mean stream water transit times in a tropical setting. Although the analyses in the paper are very simple and basic techniques are used, little data from these environments are currently available and this work makes an important contribution in that sense. I would recommend the work for publication, considering the following points below:


Heteronormativity has been defined as the enforced compliance with culturally determined heterosexual roles and assumptions about heterosexuality as 'natural' or 'normal'. Cross-disciplinary theoretical literature suggests that heteronormativity may be linked to a range of attitudes, social phenomena and outcomes and that it may be a fundamental prerequisite for institutional and interpersonal manifestations of heterosexism. Yet, this construct is in need of empirical elaboration. Operationalising heteronormativity along two dimensions (essential, binary beliefs about sex and gender and normative behavioural attitudes), this article describes initial development of the Heteronormative Attitudes and Beliefs Scale. Across three studies, this newly developed measure has demonstrated an adequately supported two-factor model, expected group differences (e.g., higher scores among men vs. women and among heterosexual vs. sexual minority participants) and significant correlations with relevant personality and attitudinal variables such as right-wing authoritarianism, openness to experience (OE), attitudes towards sexual minorities and tolerance of ambiguity. In addition to establishing further construct validity and replication of the observed factor structure with more racially, ethnically and socioeconomically diverse samples, future research could more closely examine the potential causes, consequences and malleability of heteronormativity.


We investigate the proof complexity of analytic subsystems of the deep inference proof system SKSg (the calculus of structures). Exploiting the fact that the cut rule (i↑) of SKSg corresponds to the ¬-left rule in the sequent calculus, we establish that the 'analytic'system KSg+c↑ has essentially the same complexity as the monotone Gentzen calculus MLK. In particular, KSg+c↑ quasipolynomially simulates SKSg, and admits polynomial-size proofs of some variants of the pigeonhole principle.


Objective To investigate the effect of Bai-song tablet on 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) in hippocampus of experimental chronic unpredictable stress rats. Methods Forty-two adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups: the normal control group, model control group, fluoxetine hydrochloride (1.8 mg·Kg -1 ) control group and three different doses (4.32, 13.0, 21.6 g·Kg -1 , crude drug) of Bai-song tablet groups. The drug and placebo were administrated once every day through gastric tube for 14 successive days. The stress rat models were established by forced swimming during the 6th experimental day. The concentrations of 5-HT and DA in rat hippocampus were assayed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrochemical detection by the end of experiment. Results The levels of 5-HT and DA in hippocampus of chronic unpredictable stress rat model were significantly lower than that of the normal control rats (P0.01). The Bai-song tablet can normalize the levels of 5-HT and DA in hippocampus of model rats (P0.05 or P0.01). Conclusion The results suggest that Bai-song tablets exhibit the effect of anti-depression through upregulating the levels of 5-HT and DA.


With the development of market economy and information technology, customer relationship management (CRM) emerges and becomes the trend of corporation development . CRM presents by means of high technology, but in fact, CRM is exactly a business strategy rather than merely the development and application of technology. Successful CRM should be performed from the level of corporation strategy. The CRM system wouldn' t work efficiently without the guidance of strategy idea. CRM is integrated closely with corporation strategy and they both together form the powerful guarantee of corporation' s competence.


Microbial surrogates are defined as non-pathogenic organisms with behavioral and/or survival characteristics correlating to those of specific pathogens. The purpose of this study was to determine the thermal inactivation kinetics (D and z-values) of Lactobacillus bulgaricus ATCC 11842, Lactobacillus fructivorans ATCC 8288, Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 4008, Listeria innocua ATCC 33091, ATCC 51742, and 11/97, and Staphylococcus carnosus CS-299 as potential surrogates for hepatitis A virus (HAV; D72°C = 0.9 min). Additionally, the effect of sub-lethal heat on increasing the thermotolerance of L. bulgaricus was investigated. All strains were tested in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) as a preliminary step and, contingent upon the survival characteristics, further tested in ultra-high temperature (UHT) 2% fat milk and chopped spinach. Thermal inactivation experiments in PBS, UHT milk, and chopped spinach were performed at a temperature range of 58-70°C for 0-60 min. For sub-lethal heating, L. bulgaricus was subjected to 45 or 50°C for 30 min prior to inoculation of milk and subsequent heating at 70°C. L. fructivorans, L. plantarum, and all L. innocua strains had insufficient thermal resistance to be used for HAV surrogates. In contrast, D-values for L. bulgaricus in UHT milk were 9.98, 2.68, and 0.45 min, at 65, 67, and 70 C, respectively, with a z-value of 3.7°C. When subjected to sub-lethal heating, the D70 C values for the 45 or 50 C treatment were 0.34 or 0.48 min, respectively. Thus sub-lethal heating did not increase thermal resistance. D-values for L. bulgaricus in spinach were 43.29, 10.13, 3.20, 0.91 min for 63, 65, 67, 70°C. S. carnosus had D-values in PBS of 3.46, 1.27, and 0.47 min at


(Decision Support Systems, Clinical[MeSH Terms] OR Decision Support Systems, Management[MeSH Terms] OR Expert Systems[MeSH Terms] OR system[Title/Abstract] OR tool[Title/Abstract] OR software[Title/Abstract] OR engine[Title/Abstract] OR approach[Title/ Abstract] OR algorithm [Title/Abstract] OR application[Title/Abstract] OR platform[Title/Abstract] OR method[Title] OR trial[title/ abstract]) AND (automated[Title/Abstract] OR technology assisted[Title/Abstract] OR Artificial Intelligence[MeSH Terms] OR computer [Title/Abstract] OR computational[Title/Abstract] OR data mining [Title/Abstract] OR Data Mining [MeSH Terms] OR machine learning[Title/Abstract] OR Machine Learning[MeSH Terms] OR electronic [Title]) AND (Decision support[Title/Abstract] OR decision aid[Title/Abstract] OR Decision Making, Computer Assisted[MeSH Terms] OR Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted[MeSH Terms] OR detect [Title/Abstract] OR predict [Title/Abstract] OR warn [Title/Abstract] OR alert [Title/ Abstract] OR recog [Title/Abstract] OR screen [Title/Abstract] OR monitor [Title/Abstract] OR surveillance[Title/Abstract] OR assess [Title/Abstract] OR diagnos [Title/Abstract]) AND (systemic inflammatory response syndrome[MeSH Terms] OR systemic inflammatory response syndrome[Title/Abstract] OR Shock, Septic[MeSH Terms] OR septic shock[Title] OR Sepsis[MeSH Terms] OR sepsis[Title/Abstract])


Primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma (FLC) is defined as a malignant proliferation of germinal center cells confined to the skin. It has 3 growth patterns: follicular, diffuse, and mixed. It usually presents clinically as erythematous papules, plaques, and tumors, generally without ulceration, that most often affect the head, the neck, and the trunk. There is, however, a less common variant known as reticulohistiocytoma of the back or Crosti lymphoma that affects the back and consists of plaques and tumors surrounded by macules and papules that extend outward from the tumor. We present a case with histologic findings that posed a diagnostic challenge and clinical features that were consistent with Crosti lymphoma. The patient was a 53year-old man who consulted for a back lesion that had grown progressively over the previous 6 years. A previous biopsy performed at another center had shown an infiltrate composed of atypical lymphocytes with positivity for T-cell markers and abundant CD30 cells. The suspected diagnosis was mycosis fungoides with CD30 cells. No additional immunohistochemical information was available. A staging study consisting of computed tomography (CT) of the chest and abdomen and routine blood tests was normal. Physical examination revealed several tumors and plaques surrounded by erythematous macules in the lumbar region and on the left flank (Fig. 1). There were no signs of organomegaly or lymph node enlargement. A biopsy performed at our center showed a nodular lymphoid proliferation with a tendency to coalesce extending throughout the dermis and into the hypodermis, with no evidence of epidermotropism (Fig. 2). The lesion was composed of medium and large B cells that were positive for CD20 and CD79 and negative for CD3, CD10, CD23, and CD43; there were also, however, abundant CD3, CD5, and CD7


The feasibility of simplifing the desulphurization system configuration,optimizing the main equipments selection and adding anticorrosion and anti-abrasion measures were analyzed.The measures for ensuring the reliability of desulphurization equipments after eliminating the flue gas bypass were expounded,which can be used as reference for FGD system in equipment configuration and selection.


A specimen-grating fabrication technique based on solute-solvent separation soft lithography (3S soft lithography) is reported. Both transfer and zero-thickness gratings can be fabricated using this approach. A two-layer hybrid polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamp is designed to increase the stamp in-plane stiffness without degrading the off-plane flexibility. The frequency uniformity, micromorphology, thickness, and shear lag of each fabricated grating is characterized. The application ranges of the fabricated transfer and zero-thickness gratings are determined via experiments. As examples of typical applications, the fabricated gratings are used in moire interferometry and scanning moire experiments to determine the residual stress and crack opening displacement.


This article describes how the attitudes and perception of residents can directly affect ecotourism development by changing the ability to generate income, employment and by improving the quality of life. This article identifies and assesses the impacts of ecotourism in the communities in Mysore, India. Ecotourism impact was measured by a 26 item scale measuring local residents' perceptions and attitudes. Data was collected using the questionnaire method with 221 randomly distributed questionnaires collected. This article reveals there was significant support to further tourism development since the residents perceived that there was increased investment in infrastructures and a higher quality of life, increased employment opportunities – especially for a population with deep roots in agriculture. Now, there was an increased chance for residents to explore other jobs in the tourism industry and improved pride in their cultures and traditions in the community. Furthermore, to ensure the success of tourism development, an increased amount of involvement and participation from local residents is pertinent.


The effort this quarter has been directed primarily toward the testing of the experimental apparatus for the laboratory scale heat exchanger models. Some additional work has been done on the computer predictive model for dry kiln performance.


There is described a unit (12) for an electrical machine (10) comprising a ring-shaped lamination stack (16) composed of a plurality of axially stacked laminations (17) is formed, wherein the laminated core (16) having an inner or outer cylindrical fixing portion (16c) to a cylindrical receiving portion (22a) of a support element (22) is fixed and wherein the support member (22) has two stops (22b, 22c) between which the laminated core (16) is axially non-positively clamped. It is proposed that at least one of the stops (22c) comprises an annular support member (24) attached to the receiving portion (22a) and supporting said laminated core (16) and which by means of at least one caulked (26) to the support member (22 ) is fixed.


In this study, the authors consider the sensors' connection model design and energy optimisation of routing protocol in wireless sensor networks based on the Gaussian network connection model. Accordingly, by the node-symmetric and four different directions to four adjacent nodes of each node in the Gaussian network model, the study recommends a new wireless sensor network connection model, on which the network area will be divided into some virtual square grids. In the new wireless sensor network connection model, they describe each virtual square grid as a node in the Gaussian network, therefrom, they propose a routing method, which is a combination of the shortest path routing protocol in the Gaussian network and clustering protocol to improve the routing efficiency of the wireless sensor network. Some simulations were implemented in NS2, the results show that the proposed routing is very good.


Based on a high-resolution grain-size analysis and AMS 14C dating of core MD06-3040,located in the mud area off the Fujian-Zhejiang coast on the inner-shelf of the East China Sea,we attempt to recover the Holocene paleoenvironment evolution of the East China Sea inner-shelf.The core was divided into 3 sections according to its changes in lithology,color and sedimentary structure.The sedimentary environments belong to nearshore,transitional stage and shallow sea,respectively.From 10 kaBP,the studied area was influenced by Zhejiang-Fujian Coastal Current(ZFCC).River-derived materials were transported southward.Since 7 kaBP,the sedimentary environment was dominated by the ZFCC and mud sedimentation began to form.Linear sedimentation rates of the core show clear steps through time:~ 0.4 cm/a since 1.5 Ka,0.11 cm/a between 1.5 and 4 ka,and 0.2~0.3 cm/a between 4 and 8 ka.When compared with changes of growth rates of a stalagmite(D4) from Dongge Cave in South China,which is a measure of summer monsoon intensity,they show very strong correlation.This indicates that the supply of sediments to the inner shelf is strongly affected by summer monsoon intensity.The increase of sedimentation rate at 1.5 ka may indicate increasing land use due to human activity.Previous studies claimed that there existed a good correlation between the mean grain-size of fine shelf sediments and the mean annual temperature of mainland China.It was also claimed that the mean annual temperature correlated well with winter monsoon intensity,which in turn controlled the strength of the coastal currents which transported the sediments.Therefore,mean grain-size of the fine population was used as a proxy of winter monsoon intensity.However,our results of end-member modeling and standard deviation of grain-size analysis do not seem to support the above-mentioned correlation.The present study suggests that the supply,transportation and deposition of the sediments in the inner shelf are controlled by very complex processes.


Despite a relatively recent surge of academic contributions to literature on
police-community engagement, the practice of community engagement in
policing is not well documented, nor is it sufficiently analysed (Rogers
and Robinson 2004). However, a strong international push for what is
known as "the professionalisation of policing" recently triggered academic
interest in the theoretical underpinnings, values, and practices of
community engagement, its possible impact on police operational practice,
public satisfaction with the police, and, particularly, how community
engagement "fits" with community policing in theory and practice. By
examining and analysing the relationship between police organisations,
universities, and community members (through the lens of the relationship
between vulnerable people and police-community liaison officers), we
offer to start filling this gap. In this chapter we focus on the articulation
and exchange of knowledge between university academics, police, and
"marginalised" members of society, also known, in legislation, as
"vulnerable people". We start with a brief outlook of community
engagement in the context of policing before developing on community
engagement practices (or lack thereof) we have observed in the field and
in police training. We follow with a critique of the community
engagement mechanics and an appraisal of outcomes and processes. Our
argument stems from the point of view of police officers holding the
portfolio of "community-liaison", and their work to embed community
engagement in frontline police practice and police recruit education,
especially in relation to the policing of vulnerable groups.


Being characterized by its leading function,the trend of nationalist thought present itself as an important part and a main manifestation of the Chinese nationalism thought.A careful review of the evolution of the Chinese national thought helps to understand the essence of the Chinese nationalism thoughts.And a reasonable look at its trends in the future helps to promote the Chinese nationalism thoughts to be developed in a healthy way.


In order to evaluate the effect of combined of chemical, bio and vermicomposting fertilizers on faba bean yield in Gilan province, a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in the city of Rasht in 2013. Treatments nitrogen fertilizer in three levels (zero, 50 and 100 kg per hectare), phosphorus fertilizer in three levels (zero, 50 and 100 kg per hectare), bio-fertilizer combination of Bacillus and Pseudomonas and without application of vermicomposting with two levels including Zero and 7 tons per hectare were considered for the study. The results showed that grain protein percentage was significantly affected by the interaction of nitrogen fertilizers × phosphor × vermicomposting× organic fertilizer and other traits affected by the interaction of biological nitrogen ×fertilizer × phosphorus and nitrogen. Means comparison showed that 100 kg of nitrogen per hectare, 100 kg phosphorus with the use of bio-fertilizer and vermicomposting increased grain yield and yield components. The  seed yield of 100 kg N ha interaction was the highest in 100 kg of phosphorus per hectare (6243 kg/h) and the lowest in control (507 kg/h). Also, in interaction at phosphorus fertilizer bio-fertilizer, the seed yield of 100 kg of phosphorus by using bio-fertilizer (5497 kg/h) was observed and the interaction N × vermicomposting was observed at the highest grain yield at 100 kg nitrogen by the use of vermicomposting (5455 kg/h). The highest amounts of protein in treatment were in 100 kg N, 100 kg of phosphorus fertilizer with organic fertilizer usage and application of vermicomposting 7 tons per hectare (31.43 percent). In general, the results can be expected that the use of bio-fertilizers and vermicomposting can provide part of the required plant food.


The use of mixture models in statistical analysis is increasing for datasets with heterogeneity and/or redundancy in the data. They are likelihood based models, and maximum likelihood estimates of parameters are obtained by the use of the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm. Multi-modality of the likelihood surface means that the EM algorithm is highly dependent on starting points and poorly chosen initial points for the optimization may lead to only a local maximum, not the global maximum. In this thesis, different methods of choosing initialising points in the EM algorithm will be evaluated and two procedures which make intelligent choices of possible starting points and fast evaluations of their usefulness will be presented. Furthermore, several approaches to measure the best model to fit from a set of models for a given dataset, will be investigated and some lemmas and theorems are presented to illustrate the information criterion. This work introduces two novel and heuristic methods to choose the best starting points for the EM algorithm that are named Combined method and Hybrid PSO (Particle Swarm Optimisation). Combined method is based on a combination of two clustering methods that leads to finding the best starting points in the EM algorithm in comparison with the different initialisation point methods. Hybrid PSO is a hybrid method of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) as a global optimization approach and the EM algorithm as a local search to overcome the EM algorithm's problem that makes it independent to starting points. Finally it will be compared with different methods of choosing starting points in the EM algorithm.


Combined with demands of product performance,the difficulties of manufacture control and process parameters of low-carbon low-silicon steel smelting were analysed in this paper.The analysis showed that through the hot-metal pretreatment process,the average sulfur content of liquid steel at the end-point of converter could be controlled at 0.011 %.When the carbon-oxygen product in converter was 0.002 8 and the end-point carbon content of liquid steel was controlled between 0.03 %-0.05 %,the end-point temperature should be controlled above 1 670 ℃.During RH refining,the content of(TFe +MnO) of ladle slag should be controlled between 2.0 %-6.0 %,the basicity of ladle slag should be controlled between 4.0-5.0;and the flux intensity of argon used for bottom stirring was controlled between 0.70-1.0 L/min per ton.As a result,Si pick-up from slag could be controlled below 0.005 % and P pick-up below 0.002 %.A detailed analysis on T(O) of liquid steel and the optimization of smelting parameters were also given.


There are a lot of BFG, COG, LDG at iron and steel complex. These fuels are used not only for generating but also to produce steam or hot water. There are some characteristics in thermal test and calculation of boiler burning these fuels, such as the calculation of excess air coefficient for large content nitrogen. Fuel characteristic coefficient would be negative. It's necessary to convert from heat content into volume content for the gas fuels calculation. There are many sampling points in the test etc. The analytic data of the combustion adjustment test of industrial boiler at Bao Steel has reference significance for the other boilers burning metallurgical gases.


A two higgs doublet model with tree level natural flavor conservation can lead to P and T odd nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction through tree level Feynman diagrams. In this article we estimate the magnitudes of the parameters that characterize the strength of the S-PS type of NN interaction. Stringent constraints on the parameters can be derived from the measurement of EDM's of Xe, Cs and Hg atoms in the ground state. We show that the predicted values of the parameters lie close to such constraints provided |v2| |v1| is large.


Objective To study the generation of rabbit P3a.Methods The P300 at frontal cortex and cingulate was recorded with implanted electrodes.Results The polarity of P3a at frontal cingulate was reversal to it at skull.The amplitude and latency of P3a's didn't change after destruction of postetior cingulate singly.The amplitude and latency of P3a's were not influenced after destruction of frontal cortex singly.The amplitude of P3a's was disappeared or decreased after destruction of anterior cingulate and frontal cortex commonly.Conclusion Anterior cingulate contributes to the generation of P3a.


The Green function for s-electrons is calculated perturbationally with respect to the mixing interaction in order to investigate the Kondo effect in the Anderson model in super· conductors. By taking the limit U---7oo, it is shown that, at least to the lowest order, any singularity does not occur in the nonmagnetic case (E)>T), and. that the singularity in the magnetic case (E<O, IEI)>T) is of a little different form from that of the s-d exchange model. In the nonmagnetic case, the initial decrease of superconducting transition tempera· ture is calculated perturbationally by taking the value of U finite and the result is compared with that of the Hartree-Fock approximation.


This paper presents the design and development of a 1MVA medium voltage IGCT-based converter set-up. The set up is rated at 2.5kV and a maximum output current of 1kA. The paper describes the most relevant aspects in the design process, such as the clamp design, layout definition, cooling system, etc, and presents its use for the study of a particular converter topology: a single phase H Bridge. Power losses and thermal behavior have been first studied in Matlab-Simulink and then validated by experimental results.


Experimental data obtained in the Sandia National Laboratories Hypersonic Wind Tunnel (HWT) are compared with numerical predictions made by a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) computer code. The data compared are force and moment coefficients for a slender blunted cone at Mach 14. The CFD code is a Parabolized Navier-Stokes (PNS) code. Schlieren photographs of the shock shapes are compared with predictions made by the PNS code for angles of attack up to 14/sup 0/. Oil flow photographs are compared with the numerical prediction of the location of the cross flow separation. Overall, the numerical predictions agree with the experimental data.


The formation of iodo-trihalomethanes (I-THMs) such as iodoform (CHI3) during oxidative treatment of iodide-containing drinking waters can be responsible for taste and odor problems. I-THMs are formed by reactions of hypoiodous acid (HOI) with natural organic matter. HOI is quickly formed from naturally occurring iodide (I-) by oxidation with ozone, chlorine, or chloramine. The kinetics of reactions of HOI with organic model compounds as well as the resulting CHI3 formation were measured. Substituted phenols, phenol, and, to a smaller extent, α-methyl carbonyl compounds were found to be reactive toward HOI and also to yield CHI3. Resorcinol (m-hydroxyphenol) had the highest yield of CHI3. The kinetics of I-THM formation were also measured in natural waters which were oxidatively treated with ozone, chlorine, or chloramine. When ozone was used, no I-THMs were detected and ≥90% of I- was transformed to IO3-. Chlorine led to the formation of both IO3- and I-THMs. With increasing chlorine doses, the CHI3 form...


Childbirth and breastfeeding have become medicalized due to a variety of factors over the past century and support with breastfeeding is a concept that is recently being revisited with initiatives such as the 'breast buddy' campaign. While current research addresses the breastfeeding hopes, desires and experiences of mothers with children with no feeding impairments, there has been no research to date which explores the lived feeding experiences of mothers of children born with cleft lip and palate. There are many difficulties with feeding a child with cleft lip and palate. The Clinical Standards Advisory Group's (CSAG, 1998) proposal for the care pathways and location of care recommends that specialist cleft lip and palate nurses visit new mothers of babies with cleft lip and palate within 24 hours with the aim of assisting midwifery units by offering specialist feeding advice and support. This small scale study explores the lived experiences of parents of children with cleft lip and palate. It suggests ...


The responsibility for the construction, maintenance and management of Mozambique's national road network was devolved to the "Administracao Nacional de Estradas" (ANE)-National Roads Administration- in 2000. This body is currently implementing an ambitious programme for the construction and maintenance of the country's trunk and secondary roads, with a budget of USD 1.7 billion to be expended over the next 10 years and funded by the Government of Mozambique and the international donor community. At any one time there are a large number of major works contracts, each valued in excess of USD 20 million, in progress throughout the country. From experience on previous similar projects in the preceding decade it has become apparent that the traditional model of supervision has not provided an acceptable level of control and contract administration, due in part to the remoteness of such works from the centre of authority and decision making (government, and funding agencies). The relatively poor level of infrastructure, both physical and communications, has exacerbated the problem to such an extent that when major problems arise the response of the appropriate authorities can be delayed and incomplete. With specific experience on projects funded by the European Union through the European Development Fund (EDF), and operating under the EDF regulations and conditions of contract, a new structure for contract supervision and administration has been developed, incorporating ANE's head office, ANE's provincial delegations and the consulting engineers. This structure has been based on the following principles: Delegation of appropriate authorities to the Supervisor and Supervisor's Representative; Separation of the Technical and Administrative functions assigned under EDF conditions; Retaining sufficient Technical competencies at site level (Resident Engineer and site staff); Allocating the Administrative functions to a Project Manager, based in Maputo but spending at least 1 week/month on site. The structure, functions, duties and authorities of the various members of the supervision team are defined and explained in this paper using the case histories of recent works. For the covering abstract see ITRD E135448.


Nuclear production consists in producing electric e nergy from nuclear energy. If the basic idea is quite sim ple, the implementation gives complex socio-technical system that imply strict rules and requirements to guarant y the safety of the industrial plants, and of course of t he people working there or living around. This means that saf ety and reliability are definitely linked together, fro m the equipment standpoint as from the organiszational standpoint. This paper explains how French nuclear industry operated by EFD, while not concerned by major accidents, is able to learn from the world-wide ind ustrial feedback. All what is presented here shows that "no accident on the nuclear fleet" does not mean "no re-questioning". O n the contrary, it shows how the EDF company holds the "permanent re-questioning" as the meaning of "no accident on the nuclear fleet". Why such a subject and why such a title? The network Aquares49 wanted to gather around the table specialists of risky and complex socio-techni al systems for them to present to physicians what had been set up in order to make work activities more reliab le. In this aim, air line, merchant navy, nuclear industry and medicine specialists had to present their point of view concerning their own discipline. In this perspectiv e, reliability was obviously a part of the presentatio n, but necessarily linked with safety: indeed, for French uclear industry, reliability is sought for in order to gua ranty the safety of the process and to prevent any diffusion of radioactive products in the environment. Yet why speaking about nuclear safety? Because of nuclear production of course! Without any need and will * This work has been presented at the conference of the Aquares 49 network (now called Aquarel 49) which held on the 30th. January 2012 in Angers, France. to produce energy from nuclear power, the question of nuclear safety would not exist. This means that rel iability and safety cannot be disconnected from production, and must be built taking into account the purpose of nu clear industry: producing energy. These are the reasons why the three words, reliabil ity, safety and production keep close to each other in t his presentation title. Nuclear production of electricity: a simple and marvelous idea from the scientific standpoint Nuclear production consists in producing electric e nergy from nuclear energy. From the very simple idea whic h is the fission of atoms, warmness is obtained which is used to transform liquid (usually water) in gas under pr essure for it to make a turbine turning. This turbine is c oupled to an alternator which produces electricity. From the scientific standpoint, this is a remarkabl e and marvelous technical and intellectual realization. T his completion summons Nuclear Physics, Thermal Physics , Hydrodynamics, Hydraulics, Electrotechnics, Electri city, Materials Physics, Chemistry, Computer Sciences and Socio-psychological Science at least. In the same approach, the conception of the industr ial plant is based on a simple idea. The main loops are connected together to carry energy out of the core to the turbine connected to the alternator. The three loop s are the primary loop with high pressure liquid water (1 55 bar, 304°C) in contact with the coil tubes, the sec ondary loop part liquid and part gas of water to make the turbine turning and thus the alternator, and a third loop a s a cooling system of the second loop in order to reduc the vapor in liquid water to be re-injected inside the vapor generator. This third loop includes the tall aerorefrigerants making clouds of water over the nuclea r plant. This basic conception description is present ed on Fig. 1. Unfortunately, the achievement of such a simple bas ic idea remains complex. When the primary loop is duplicated for a better efficiency, when are added safety and redundant loops to increase the safety level of the plant with differentiated pieces of equipment, and when you add to the Physics all the Chemistry in order t o have Socio-Organizational Factors for Safe Nuclear Operation – Vol. I 26 a better protection of the metal apparatus, you obt ain a complex technical system. Fig. 1: Simple drawing presenting the three loops o f the Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR) of French conception: the primary loop in red, the secondary loop in blue, and the third loop in green. From the safety standpoint, basically three safety barriers are implemented to guaranty the confinement of the radioactive products and three loops to carry out t he energy. For the Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR) of French conception, the three barriers are the fuel sea ed metal tubes cladding, the heavy steel reactor vesse l and the primary cooling loop, and the containment build ing. And to make this complex technical system operate, you need women and men at work within an organization which is also complex. For example, a nuclear power plant like the one of Chinon (center France) with f our reactors able to produce 900 MWe each, more than 12 00 are needed permanently, and these people increase t o th double during the maintenance periods which last se veral weeks per year for each reactor. It is clear that t e complex technical system is transformed in a comple x socio-technical system. As we can see, from a basic simple idea of atoms fi ssion, we obtain a huge industrial system operated by wome n and men. The questions of safety and reliability th us remain crucial: from the technical standpoints but also from the organizational and human standpoints. They ar dealt with as soon as the plants conception, the op erating period, and the dismantling. How to learn from a no accident operating feedback? Very few accidents have occurred for the world nucl ear industry relatively to the amount of MWe produced a nd the number of operating years. Unfortunately, when such an accident happens, not only the operating staff i s concerned by the consequences but also people leavi ng around the plant at a high level, and at a lower le vel, all the planet. Nevertheless, conception of a nuclear plant is quit e different from one country to another, even within the same country (like in Russia for example). It is th e same for the safety policy of the country. This leads to the fact that the occurrence of a nuclear accident in a coun try is not easy to extrapolate to another. Thus, thinking that the 2011 Fukushima accident is an experience that must be used as an argument to stop everywhere with nuclear energy is a mistake: this would be equivalent to sa y th t if one day a technical defect leads the Japanese Mitsubishi company to stop suddenly the use of thei r cars, this implies to stop the use of the French Re nault cars. Of course, it would an aberration. This reaso ning is valid for nuclear industry: the policy, conception, operating, environment, culture of French nuclear industry is so much different from the Japanese one that Fukushima accident cannot lead to the conclusion th at French nuclear production of electricity must be st op. Despite these important differences, the internatio l feedback can be used by French nuclear industry to learn from accidental experiences. To illustrate this pro posal, we shall restrain in this short presentation to the case of two items: • The safety probabilistic studies. • A multidimensional experience feedback (internal or external). The safety probabilistic studies, or Probabilistic r sk assessment (PRA), are a systematic and comprehensiv e methodology to evaluate risks associated with a com plex engineered technological entity (such as an airline r or a nuclear power plant). Risk in a PRA is defined as a feasible detrimental outcome of an activity or acti on. In a PRA, risk is characterized by two quantities: the magnitude (severity) of the possible adverse consequence(s), and the likelihood (probability) of occurrence of each consequence. For this aim, the fact that the French nuclear flee t is homogeneous is a real strength: a difficulty on one reactor gives at once an adjustment for all the oth rs. The multidimensional internal experience feedback i s based on: • Systematic event analysis for each nuclear power plant. Concerning this item, it must be noticed tha t EDF is the only nuclear operator in the world adding a level 0 (zero) on the International Nuclea r Event Scale (graduated from 1 to 7) in order to declare and give to the national regulator all deta ils even for safety event with no importance from the point of view of safety. Socio-Organizational Factors for Safe Nuclear Operation – Vol. I 27 • Shared data banks. • Statistical trend analysis. • Injection of all the results produced by the above items into the safety probabilistic studies. • Use of all the results produced by the above items to foster the experience feedback (FauquetAlekhine, 2012a). • A permanent re-questioning of the organization robustness (for example, each plant re-questions some decision making process through an observatory for safety, radioprotection, environment, production). Concerning the external aspect, the experience feed back analysis for the EDF company leans on: • The feedback of important nuclear accidents. • The accidentology, analyzing the important accident analysis, including all industries in ever y country. • A permanent benchmarking and look-out. • A permanent re-questioning of the socio-technical system. We shall thereafter develop the external aspect of the multidimensional experience feedback. The feedback of important nuclear accidents The Three Miles Island accident (USA, 1979) led to optimize the Human-Machine Interface with a strong belief in the all-technology control. Focusing on t his alltechnology control has yet shown its limits and the Tchernobyl accident (Ukraine, 1986) has led to conc lude that taking into account the HF aspects is thus qui te important. This has notably pointed out that the Hu man contribution to the accident occurrence could be signific


Programs to stimulate provision of terrestrial environmental services yield benefits that result from complex dynamic functions; we study optimal contract lengths for such programs. We show that the optimal contract length depends on a tradeoff between an ecological effect—long contracts increase the environmental benefits from one landowner—and an enrollment effect—long contracts decrease the number of landowners enrolled. In a simplified model of the contracting environment, we find that optimal contracts are longer when environmental benefits mature slowly, but it may not be best to offer permanent easements or even to offer contracts as long as the maturation period for the benefits in question. Nonecological characteristics matter to contract design as well; optimal contracts are longer where the turnover rate of parcels enrolled in conservation programs is high and where the average private land income is low.


The present invention provides an engine start control device, in accordance with an output signal of the sensor detecting an engine rotor is reversed, prohibit engine ignition and fuel injection when the engine is reversed. The engine start control apparatus of the present invention, the engine is stopped after the crank shaft is reversed to a predetermined position, for the next engine start preparation, comprising: an injector for injecting fuel when the crankshaft reaches a predetermined angle; the fuel injection after a predetermined ignition timing of the engine ignition; function as a starter motor and a generator function ACG starter; detecting the rotor position ACG starter, the output of the plurality of phases of the rotor believed sensor number; according to the rotor unit determines the direction of rotation of the engine output signal of the sensor; and a unit prohibits the reverse rotation of the engine when the fuel injection.


=246 words Background & Aims Guidelines about recommendations for amounts of exercise/physical activity are variable in non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Our aim was to determine the amount of exercise that was associated with two outcomes: a) development of incident liver fat and b) resolution of baseline liver fat, at five year follow-up. Methods In an occupational health screening program, weekly frequency of exercise was assessed using the validated Korean version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Liver fat was identified by ultrasonography (3.5MHz probe) at baseline and at five year follow up. Fully adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs and 95% confidence intervals) for incident fatty liver and resolution of fatty liver at follow up. Results 233,676 men and women were studied between 2002 and 2014. 126,811 individuals were identified without fatty liver, and of these subjects, 29014 subjects developed incident fatty liver during follow up. At baseline, there were 42,536 individuals with liver fat and of these individuals, fatty liver resolved in 14,514, during follow up. After full adjustment, compared to no exercise, exercise was associated with benefit for both outcomes; for exercise ≥5 times per week for incident fatty liver: HR 0.86 (95%CIs 0.80,0.92), p<0.001, and for resolution of fatty liver HR 1.40 (95%CIs 1.25,1.55), p<0.001. Conclusions Moderate to vigorous exercise is beneficial in decreasing risk of development of new fatty liver or improving resolution of existing fatty liver during 5


The interaction avocado plant/Phytophtora cinnamomi has not been explored at the level of defense responses induced by this pathogen. Here, we show that the infection of avocado plants by Phytophthora cinnamomi induced proteinase inhibitor, which had inhibitor activity against extracellular proteases of P. cinnamomi. Extracellular proteinase activity was not increased with the addition of the avocado root cell wall to liquid culture but decreased in the presence of root of healthy avocado plants. The pretreatment of avocado roots with the avocado inhibitor before the infection by P. cinnamomi inhibited root colonization by the pathogen. Avocado inhibitor had no effect on in vitro growth of the oomycete, suggesting that the inhibition of root colonization could be due to its interaction with pathogen proteinases.


The rapid development of computer networks has accelerated the development of society, but also leads to much more frequent network attacks, and makes the attacks much more complex. Therefore, network intrusion detection becomes a great challenge to security in both industry and academics. In this paper, we present a network detection method based on a collaborative model against network threats and attacks, as well as trend analysis of network structure. First of all, the threat detection level collaboration model is given a specific framework and build process, as well as collaborative mechanisms. We then provide a pattern-matching algorithm and a behavioral sequence template for a simple introduction to this approach, and we explain how to use the collaborative model structure. Finally, the security situation of the entire network is analyzed by a quantitative situation evaluation model, cooperating with the network topology, and the threat type is determined by a D-S evidence theory algorithm. The experiment results show that, while running in an intranet security guard system of a large enterprise, a next-step attack can be predicted by our algorithm, and the security situation of the entire network can be accurately evaluated as well.


Objective To investigate the expression of Autotaxin (ATX) mRNA in the human hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and whether there is correlation between ATX expression and clinicopathological features of HCC.Methods Five Specimens of normal liver tissues and thirty two histologically verified HCC specimens were studied. Semi quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to detect mRNA expression of ATX. Results ATX was expressed in all 32 HCC and 5 normal liver tissues. The expression level of ATX gene in HCC samples was higher than that in normal liver tissues (68.23%±15.31% vs. 31.97% ±8.05%, P 0.001). Intrahepatic metastasis, vascular invasion and poor differentiation were more frequently noted in HCC patients with high ATX expression than in patients with low ATX expression.Conclusion The expression of ATX gene was related to HCC development and metastases.


Abstract Background: Vaccines are immunization against diseases and leads to saving millions of lives every year. However, after the availability of COVID-19 vaccines, little information is available on the public knowledge and attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccines in Kurdistan-Iraq. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice toward the COVID-19 vaccines among general population at Duhok province, Kurdistan region, Iraq. Methods: The cross-sectional study was done between November 1st ,2022 and march 1st, 2023 at Duhok province, Kurdistan region, Iraq including Duhok City, Zakho, Semel and surrounding area toward COVID-19 vaccines. It included 759 randomly selected participants answering a structured questionnaire who were interviewed face-to-face by the authors. The participants ages ranged from 18 to 75 years. The survey questionnaire was divided into three parts, the first part was sociodemographic characteristics. The second part was composed of eight questions of knowledge regarding the COVID-19 vaccine and third part was 6 statements about Attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines. Findings: The mean age of the respondents was 32.95 years and more than half of them 52.3% were males. About 55% of the respondents reported that they had infected with COVID-19. About 25.3% of the subjects were employed and only 18.3% had chronic diseases. Around 55% of the participants reported that they have previously infected with COVID-19. The majority of the participants 99.60% had heard of COVID-19 vaccine, almost 68% of the participants trusted COVID-19 vaccine and reported that the vaccine is safe. Almost three-quarters 74.04% of the participants were strongly agreed that it is important to get a vaccine to protect the people from COVID-19. According to the survey results, a significant proportion of the participants, specifically 62.58%, believed that COVID-19 vaccines offer protection against the disease. It was notable that a high percentage of the participants, approximately 86.17%, were aware of the potential side effects associated with the vaccine. Moreover, an overwhelming majority of the participants, nearly 96.31%, were knowledgeable that the vaccination process would require two or more doses. Conclusions: The history of chronic disease, source of vaccine knowledge, education level, occupation, and employment states were factors that affected the willingness to accept the vaccine. The most trusted sources of information on COVID-19 vaccines were social media. Therefore, the willingness to take the COVID-19 vaccine can be supported by utilizing social media and television to spread awareness about the vaccine safety and efficacy.


Background: Patient safety is a serious public health issue. Several studies reported security problems in healthcare systems in various countries. The impacts were varied, starting from mild pain, disability, death, and also high cost of service. This study attempted to review the culture of patient safety from several studies and to identify factors that influence them. Method s : This study was conducted with systematic mapping studies related to patient safety culture. There were 40 research articles were evaluated from various online sources that related from Pubmed, MEDLINE, web of science, and google scholar. It was conducted by entering keywords which appropriate to the topic, such as culture of patient safety and factors that influenced them. The obtained results were then analyzed and discussed to produce conclusions. Results: Adverse events were common problems. Healthcare employees had roles in creating safe and high quality services. One of them was through implementation of a culture of patient safety. There were several factors which support a culture of patient safety, namely leadership, teamwork, patient care, evidence-based, communication, learning, just, and patient-centered. Conclusion s : Patient safety has not yet become a culture in health care. Adverse events are like an iceberg phenomenon. Efforts to develop factors which support a culture of patient safety need to be encouraged by health care provider organizations. Keyword s : Culture, Patient Safety, Dimension, Quality, Health Care DOI:  https://doi.org/10.26553/jikm.2017.8.1.1-9


Pollinators of Arisaema thunbergii subsp. urashima (Araceae) were investigated at two sites in Japan. From inside 33 spathes, 109 insects were collected and identified to 17 families and 27 genera. Sixty-six percent were fungus gnats comprising Keroplatidae, Mycetophilidae, and Sciaridae. Although Arisaema has always been thought to be pollinated by fungus gnats, some other species of Diptera were shown to visit spathes of A. thunbergii subsp. urashima and are presumed to carry their pollen grains to female spathes.


After 28 years of public service, the Information Technology Bureau Chief for the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD), Dr. Steven Dicks, was still passionate about serving the public. By first focusing on the needs of people in the District, Dr. Dicks was able to objectively observe the many aspects of operations for which he was responsible. His observations led him to believe that the use of technology within his organization wasn't as effective and efficient as he knew it could be.


O nly eight patients with duplication of the scapula or its parts have been reported in the world literature. Of these cases, four were complete scapular duplications, while the other four were duplications of associated parts, such as the acromion or coracoid processes. Most were associated with other skeletal anomalies and were discovered in children and infants. To our knowledge, only two cases have been reported in adults in the literature. The purpose of this case report was to describe an adult patient with 27-year follow-up who presented with a duplicated left scapula and an anomalous rotator cuff.


The invention relates to heterocyclic compounds, in particular to the preparation of compounds piperazinilgeterotsikli- iCal f-ly where Ar - naphthyl or benzoisothiazolyl, X + Y with the phenyl form oxindolyl optionally substituted by one chlorine atom or benzooksazolonil benzotiazo- lonil, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid -additive salts which possess nevrolepticheskoy activity. The purpose of the invention - a method for producing more active compounds. Preparation of lead from piperazine and the appropriate halo gensoderzhaschego benzoxazolonyl or benzothiazolone. Table 1. ka SS (with L


The rich Bendigo goldfields (called Sandhurst up until 1891) attracted miners from all over the world. Many became extremely wealthy, but even more lived with poverty, sickness and shame at their lack of success. One of the untold stories of this side of the goldfields life is that of suicide - an outcome of the desperation experienced by some residents. This paper documents a selection of the stories as recorded in 'The Bendigo Advertiser' over a period of twenty years, identifying motives and methods and concluding that, whilst the environment may change, the human condition remains much the same.


Effect of auxin type on some antioxidative enzymes during in vitro root induction of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) was investigated to reveal the variation of activities and isoenzyme banding patterns during root induction of saffron (C. sativus L.). Indole-3- butyric acid (IBA) and naphtalene acetic acid (NAA) at different concentrations were added to the solidified MS or B5 medium. Corm explants of saffron were placed on root inducing media and enzyme levels in explants prior or after adventitious root formation were measured and compared. Percentage of root formation on B5 medium containing 2.46 iM IBA was highest; however the maximum number of root per explant and per cm2 observed on MS medium with 19.6 iM IBA. Significant changes occurred in the activities of these enzymes. Some polymorphisms occurred in patterns of lactate dehydrogenase and esterase during root induction in different treatments.


agriculturist, unlike his temperate counterpart, may have to go thousands of miles to supplement the minimal information which is usually supplied with the products. A book written by a research worker is inevitably a little biased in that direction, but in the present instance this runs little further than to sections on 'experiments with weed killers' and 'the statistical analysis of experiments'; the latter contributed by P. Walker. Statistics is rather strong meat for the beginner, or even for the general agriculturist who will no doubt be the main 'customer' for this book, but is I believe justified in that research in weed control poses problems for the experimenter over and above those met in the average agronomic experiment. It should not, however, be taken as a substitute for a thorough grounding in that subject by the reader. This is a book for which there has long been a real need, and which should find a place on the shelf of every agronomist and a good many extension workers in the tropics.


Previously, we demonstrated that simple, low-cost measurement of an individual's mental health is possible using nonlinear analysis of pulse waves. Here we introduce a trial system that records and assesses the relationship between mental health and lifestyle habits. Our goal was to develop a system that allows individuals to decide which steps to take for recovery when they develop worrying mental health symptoms, by making comparisons to their past lifestyle habits. This system also allows records of multiple individuals to be entered into a database and analyzed. Such analysis should allow for the creation of indicators for general levels of mental health that may require intervention, as well as the creation of more concrete, practical advice to aid recovery when worrying symptoms appear.


TLBO is a newly introduced population based optimization algorithm inspired by passing on knowledge within a classroom environment. The most prominent feature of TLBO is that it does not require the algorithm parameters to be tuned. T his paper proposes a Hybridized Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization (HTLBO) Technique in order to abstract/gain useful information from high dimensional data. The new HTLBO algorithm is evaluated on some high dimensional datasets and compared to the performance of Hybridized K-means Clustering Algorithm and Genetic Algorithm.


Reliability indices (RIs) are the elemental benchmark used by Egyptian Electricity Holding Company (EEHC), and the Electric Utility and Consumer Protection Regulatory Agency (Egypt ERA) to evaluate the continuity and compliance of supply, which surpasses the customer's requirements and satisfaction.  The power system is very complex, mixing huge different types of generating resources and clusters to supply electric power through transmission and distribution system to a number of customers with varying requirements. The main function of electric system is to supply customers with electric energy that has an acceptable degree of reliability and quality. The power system continuity of supply level is controlled through system indices. The most widely used reliability indices are SAIFI, SAIDI and CAIDI (IEEE std. 1366-2000). Historical electrical indices, reliability indices threshold and satisfaction index are used as guide for electric network performance, which measure the adequate and secure power supply. The paper presents the reliability indices, relation between indices and satisfaction area to highlight the appropriate guideline values for electric systems, also presents the development of indices since 2011 to now for distribution network in Egypt.


The United States has the largest printing industry in the world.The total print consumption,or the total print production of the U.S.,is nearly 1/3 of the global figures.Printing is becoming more global in the globalization trend of the world economy.The trade relationship between U.S.print industry and the Chinese print industry is growing closer.The fact is that China is in the second position of the top import countries of origin at present and will become the first in the coming years.A range of strategic options is available for American printers to compete in the newly forming global print markets.These include: Increasing efficiency,driving down cost and decreasing delivery times;Increasing the share of value added services to build a stronger,closer relationship with customers;Changing the mix of run lengths to move into run lengths that are less impacted by global competition;Changing the mix of printed products to move away from products that are more susceptible to foreign competition and to move toward those that are less susceptible;Increasing direct and indirect export opportunities;and outsourcing appropriate print to printers in other countries with lower cost or other advantages,etc.


Purebred lambs from three breeds (East Friesland, Oxford and Texel) were fed to appetite and treated with recombinant DNA-derived bovine somatotropin (BST) at 0·05, 0·10 or 0·20 mg/kg per day or a placebo between 19 and 27 weeks of age. BST maintained growth over the later stages of treatment but did not affect average daily live-weight gain over the whole treatment period. Food intake was decreased and food conversion efficiency was improved by BST treatment. However, carcass weight and killing-out proportion were decreased by BST treatment in all breeds. Consistent breed differences were observed. Oxford lambs had higher live weights and carcass weights than the other breeds but no breed × treatment interactions were apparent. Ultrasonic backfat depth (mean of measurements at 13th rib and 3rd lumbar vertebra) was reduced by BST treatment in the Oxford (the fattest) and Texel lambs but not in the East Frieslands (the leanest). Ultrasonic muscle depth was not affected by BST; East Friesland lambs had considerably smaller muscle depth than the other breeds. In the loin joint, BST decreased fat cover and subcutaneous fat proportion and increased longissimus dorsi proportion. There were also marked breed differences with Oxfords fatter than the other breeds. BST treatment did not affect any of the meat quality indicators but some differences between breeds were apparent in ultimate pH and colour of the muscle. Fatty acid composition of the subcutaneous fat was affected by breed but not by BST. East Friesland lambs had higher concentrations of unsaturated and branched chain fatty acids than the other breeds. A mammogenic response (increased mammary development and some secretory activity) to BST was observed in some female East Friesland and Texel lambs but not in Oxford lambs.


References related to research on Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carr.) are surveyed and compiled. The total of 314 references are divided into five scientific fields as follows: III in tree breeding, 81 in mechanical wood property, 33 in anatomical wood property, 76 in mycorrhiza and 13 in ecology, respectively. It is expected that the bibliography will be useful to tree breeder, wood and forest scientists, a wide range of students, and to all everyone interested in Japanese larch.


In view of the new situation, the physical experimental teaching reform for medical students were explored. The new experimental teaching system which can meet the demand of innovative talents training was built up.