Modular design via a tweakable blockcipher (TBC) offers efficient authenticated encryption (AE) schemes (with associated data) that call a blockcipher once for each data block (of associated data or a plaintext). However, the existing efficient blockcipher-based TBCs are secure up to the birthday bound, where the underlying keyed blockcipher is a secure strong pseudorandom permutation. Existing blockcipher-based AE schemes with beyond-birthday-bound (BBB) security are not efficient, that is, a blockcipher is called twice or more for each data block. In this paper, we present a TBC, XKX, that offers efficient blockcipher-based AE schemes with BBB security, by combining with efficient TBC-based AE schemes such as ΘCB3 and


Background and purpose:To identify the possibility of Generation 5 Polyamidoamine dendrimers (G5-PAMAM-D) as gene vector for HSV-tk suicide gene therapy in prostate cancer. Methods:Prostrate cancer cells PC-3、22Rv1 were transfected with plasmid pEGFP-C1 coated with G5-PAMAM-D, Furthermore, G5-PAMAM-D were used as gene vectors to deliver plasmid pcDNA3-tk that contain HSV-tk suicide gene into PC-3 and 22Rv1. 48 h after transfection, the precursor ganciclovir(GCV) was added to the transfected PC-3、22Rv1 cells at final concerntration 0, 10,100,1 000, 10 000 μmol/L. MTT was used to evaluate the effect of GCV on the proliferation of two prostate cancer cells after 24 hour incubation. BALB/c mice were subcutaneously injected with PC-3 that was used as tumor model, Polyplex of G5-PAMAM-D and pcDNA3-tk was injected intratumorally followed by GCV injected intraperitoneally 24 hours later. The tumor volume and mice survival time were observed.Results:G5-PAMAM-D could be used as vector to transfer plasmid pEGFP-C1 into two prostate cancer cells, and EGFP was successfully expressed. The number of live cells in G5-PAMAM-D nanoparticles group with HSV-tk is much less than those of the control group, significant difference was found between those two groups. The tumor volume of BALB/c mice was significantly smaller in PAMAM-D/pcDNA3-tk group(1 135±245mm3) than that both in Naked plasmid group(9 965±2 109mm3) and PAMAM-D group(8 357±1 956mm3)(P0.01) 40 days after treatment. Survival time of PAMAM-D/ pcDNA3-tk group was longer than the two control groups.Conclusions:G5-PAMAM-D nanoparticles can deliver HSV-tk gene to prostate cancer cells effectively; it has possibilities of being used as gene vector for gene therapy in prostate cancer.


Endocardial pacing instituted to treat symptomatic bradycardia may nevertheless promote tachyarrhythmia in some pacemaker‐implanted patients. We sought to determine the contributing electrophysiological mechanisms.


vastness. It is not an easy read, nor is it always interesting. Often, it feels like the author is pulling from a lot of disparate themes, ideas, and previously written works and articles, and is trying to put them together in ways that do not always seem clear. The weakest section is her theoretical framework, explained in the introductory pages. Although it reflects a vast knowledge of advancements in critical theory over the past 50 years, her own model of analysis (i.e. Enough, Fit, Alongside, etc.,) remains unclear and forced at best.


The results of the studies carried out showed that strains isolated in the units of the Oncology Centre often had αhemolytic, lecithinase DNA-ase, LTenterotoxigenic activities that were more intensive in cultures isolated in associated proteus-staphylococcal infections. PCR results of the genus Proteus with Staphylococcus primers indicated the presence of phylogenetic similarities in the bacteria studied that could code LTenterotoxin production.


The flanged joints are widely used in industry and its application in sub-sea equipment requires a high degree of reliability, given the environmental conditions and loads, especially in deep water conditions. The reliability of a flanged joint consists of the maintenance of its characteristic seal, being the component responsible for sealing the joint. The seal exercised by the joint is due to the action of deformation caused by clamping force of the bolt sets, the latter being critical elements of flanged joints. In order to investigate this component's failure, a numerical methodology is developed, using the Finite Element Method to evaluate the impact of the successive loss of cases in a flanged joint. It was also investigated the relaxation of tension, caused by a crack in bolt set. The study aims to know the limits of safe operation, and this paper presents the analysis of a flange class API 17D, 4 inches with 8 bolt sets, being the methodology applicable to any other flange. The numerical study was developed and simulated in ANSYS Workbench 12.1 (2010) software. The result indicates, besides the minimum number of cases necessary to maintain the seal, the increase of tension in the remaining cases of the flange, caused by the successive loss of bolt sets.


2. A 24-year-old man who is undergoing chemotherapy for Hodgkin's lymphoma is hospitalized with a temperature of 101°F and a generalized vesicular rash. He has not received the varicella vaccine and is uncertain if he had chickenpox as a child. Which of the following is the most appropriate empiric infection control measure to institute? (A) Airborne precautions (B) Droplet precautions (C) Contact precautions (D) Airborne and contact precautions (E) Airborne and droplet precautions


In his article "About Metapoetry and Performativity" Arturo Casas argues that with regard to metapoetic practices a change of perspective would be necessary. Casas postulates that the new perspective would centre more on the enunciative and performative aspects of metapoetry and that it would focus on the theoretical and poetological contribution of the metapoem, its criticism of language and text, and its convergence with those theoretical-critical practices based on the refutation of the traditional critical pact. Following Jenaro Talens's work, Casas argues that in poetry disorder orients itself in practice to unmask power and its inscriptions in language and that it is among inscriptions we find the poet's own authority. Arturo Casas, "About Metapoetry and Performativity" page 2 of 9 CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture 13.5 (2011): Special issue New Trends in Iberian Galician Comparative Literature. Ed. M.T. Vilarino Picos and A. Abuin Gonzales


The problem of multichannel scattering is studied in the framework of potential theory. Some of the difficulties that arise in highenergy physics due to the overlapping of channels, are simulated here. The problem is treated in such a way, that the different channels are separated and identifiable in the initial, final and intermediate states. A basis system is constructed, which serves this purpose better than the usual plane-wave states of the different channels. The procedure used also clarifies the validity of treating particles as elementary in some approximation when they may actually be composite. The relevance to strong-interaction physics is discussed in the conclusion.


To describe staff's reflections on aspects influencing pain assessment at end‐of‐life (EoL) care in nursing homes before and after the implementation of the Abbey Pain Scale (APS).


We recently reported double-stranded DNA as a constraint to control macromolecular conformation. In these experiments, two short 10to 20-nucleotide DNA strands were covalently attached through their 5'-termini to specific nucleotides within the autonomously folding 160-nucleotide P4–P6 RNA domain (molecular weight 51000). When the attached DNA strands were complementary, a duplex was formed by Watson–Crick base pairing. If the geometric constraint imposed by the DNA duplex was incompatible with the known RNA tertiary structure, then a competition was established in which either the DNA constraint or the RNA conformation must be compromised (Figure 1). These


The reaction of diorganotin(IV) oxides, R2SnO with R = n-butyl and t-butyl, with nitric acid in different stoichiometric ratios resulted in the formation of different products depending on the organic groups attached to the tin atom: the diorganotin(IV) dinitrate dihydrates, n-Bu2Sn(NO3)2·2H2O (2d) and t-Bu2Sn(NO3)2·2H2O (2e), the mixed diorganotin(IV) nitrate methoxide oxide n-Bu2Sn(NO3)(n-Bu2SnOMe)O (6), and the diorganotin(IV) nitrate hydroxide hydrate t-Bu2Sn(NO3)(OH)·H2O = [t-Bu2Sn(OH)(H2O)][NO3] (7). On examination of the solubility of the primary reaction products in different solvents, the three additional compounds t-Bu2Sn(NO3)(OH)·DMSO (8), t-Bu2Sn(NO3)(OH)·THF, and 2-t-Bu2Sn(NO3)(OH)·DMF = [t-Bu2Sn(OH)dmf]2[NO3]2·[t-Bu2Sn(NO3)OH]2 (9) could be isolated. All compounds have been structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction (primary results for 7) with special attention paid to dimensionality (2d and 2c = monomeric, hydrogen bonded molecules; 6 = dimeric molecules of ladder-type ...


Inthispaperwe report onthefirst theoretical analysis offeeding planar antennas withthe slotline modeoftheCPW.Theanalysis iscarried out using amixedpotential integral equation formulation, MPIE,solved withthemethod ofmoments, MoM.The analysis isapplied onaCPWfedcuspantnnaThe theoretical results include thereturn lossandthe radiation patterns associated withboththecoplanar and theslotline modes.Experiments are also performed andtheir results forthecoplanar modeare presented. The agreement betweentheoryand experiments forthecoplanar modevalidates thetheory andthepresented results fortheslotline mode. -. ~~~~~i-I- 1- ~ ~


Session of Friday, March 25 The eleventh annual meeting of the Cordilleran Section of the Geological Society of America was called to order in room 35, South Hall, University of California, Berkeley, at 10.30 a. m., March 25, 1910, by the chairman of the section, Prof. A. C. Lawson. The minutes of the previous annual meeting were read and approved, except that "ninth" annual was ordered changed to "tenth" annual, the ninth annual meeting having been held at Albuquerque, New Mexico, in conjunction with the general Society. ELECTION OF OFFICERS The officers of the section were reelected for the ensuing year: A. C. Lawson, Chairman; 6. D. Louderback, Secretary; G. K. Gilbert, Councilor. The section then passed to the reading of scientific papers, and the following were presented in the order given: LIMESTONE PLAINS OF THE INTERIOR OF BAHIA BY J. C. BRANNER ( Abstract ) Limestones, probably of Jurassic age, cover . . .


This study developed a musculoskeletal model of the hind legs of the rat. The skeletal model consists of planar seven rigid links that represent the trunk and the hind legs. The front legs are fixed on the trunk and slide on the ground without friction. The muscle model has seven principal muscles for each hind leg. The physical parameters of the musculoskeletal model were determined based on measured anatomical data. The computer simulation was performed to generate locomotion by the hind legs based on measured kinematic data. The simulation results were compared with measured EMG data during rat locomotion to verify the validity of the dynamic simulation with the constructed musculoskeletal model.


Hybrid analog/digital precoding in the downlink of multiuser massive MIMO systems can reduce the number of RF chains hence reducing total cost and improving power efficiency. Having few RF chains, however, makes it difficult for a base station to acquire instantaneous channel state information across all antennas. We develop a hybrid technique that uses only long-term (slowly changing) channel statistics in computing the analog precoding matrix. The proposed analog precoder is designed to maximize signal-to-leakage-plus-noise ratio (SLNR) when combined with a baseband precoder. We also propose a constrained precoder design that reduces the effect of a hardware constraint where the analog precoders are realized with phase shifters.


This study was undertaken to analyze the long-term frequency drift observed in 11-GHz GaAs FET dielectric resonator oscillators. The analysis is based on device modeling. It is found that the dominant contributor to the long-term frequency drift is the gate-to-source channel capacitance of the GaAs FET. Results agree with the trends observed on dielectric resonator oscillators, and good correlation between theory and measured data has been achieved. The observations are general and applicable to all oscillators with GaAs FET's as active devices.


A method for fabricating aligned nanowire arrays on surfaces is shown. Gold and segmented Au/Ni/Au nanowires of high aspect ratio have been prepared by template electrosynthesis, and functionalized with charged short alkanethiols that can be ionized in aqueous solutions. Different distributions of funtionalized nanowires could be obtained on large surfaces from nanowire aqueous suspensions, avoiding aggregation due to electrical repulsion. Due to the high magnetic anisotropy of segmented Au/Ni/Au nanowires chaining of aligned nanowires could be obtained by applying a low magnetic field. While electrostatics favours side wire interactions due to the high aspect ratio, concurrent electrostatics and applied magnetic field yields end‐to‐end interaction and linear alignment without bifunctionalization. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


The purpose of this study was to determine the performance of public services carried out by officials in the Yobeh Village, Sentani District, Jayapura Regency, and to find out the effect of the training carried out on the officers in the Yobeh village, Sentani district, Jayapua Regency. The research method used is descriptive qualitative to describe and analyze the evaluation of the implementation of the apparatus development policy of Yobeh village, Senani District, Jayapura Regency. The technique of determining the informants used was Pusposive, while the data collection included in-depth interviews. Data analysis in the form of data reduction, data display and conclusion. The results showed that first, the managerial approach and policy were the most dominant factors in the implementation of government apparatus development policies. Second, the village head is implementing the village apparatus development policy. Support in the form of policy facilities and infrastructure is tailored to the concept of the need for deliberations and meetings related to the implementation of the village program. The lack of guidance from other institutions such as the district and local governments has resulted in a lack of capacity of village officials in carrying out their duties and functions. Third, cultural factors are the most dominant factor in delivering quality public services.


This working paper presents an analysis of the experiences of Cooperative Compliance in Denmark. Cooperative Compliance denotes a specific kind of collaborative program for the regulation of large ...


AIM
Few data are available regarding the long-term impact of supportive implant therapy (SIT) on peri-implant diseases. We present long-term results on the possible effects of SIT on the peri-implant tissues.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
In a private practice, 50 consecutive patients with 101 implants had attended an SIT program for >6 years (SIT group). A second consecutive group comprised patients without SIT compliance (C group). We assessed pocket probing depth [PPD], bleeding on probing [BOP], bone loss [BL], and implant hygiene [QHI]. Correlations between SIT compliance and the prevalence of peri-implant diseases were evaluated statistically.

RESULTS
The inclusion criteria were met by 48 patients with 98 implants (SIT group) and 43 patients with 121 implants (C group). SIT group: Mucositis rate 30%; mean PPD 3.76±0.86 mm; bone loss 1.02±0.85 mm, peri-implantitis rate 4% C group: Mucositis rate 68%; mean PPD 4.07±1.18 mm; bone loss 1.53±1.46 mm, peri-implantitis rate 17% Significant associations were found between SIT compliance and reduced peri-implant mucositis (p=0.019), reduced highest PPD (p=0.038), and peri-implantitis rates (p=0.027).

CONCLUSIONS
Patients under SIT were associated with lower incidence of peri-implant diseases. Patients without regular maintenance might exhibit a 4.25-fold increased risk for peri-implantitis. Therefore, SIT programs should be considered essential.


Explores the complex relationship between evolving segregationist legislation and Africans' access to leisure facilities in the resort city of Durban in the 1920s and 1930s.


Embeddings of star-invariant subspaces K p θ of H p determined by an inner function θ are studied. Using a method of Aleksandrov, it is shown that the embedding into L p (μ) is compact whenever μ satisfies a certain vanishing condition with respect to the singular set of θ. Conversely, if the embedding is compact, and θ is a so-called one-component inner function, the measure is shown to satisfy a different vanishing condition.


We attempted to measure the extent to which personal identification with a national (cultural, ethnic) in-group would affect interpersonal and intergroup biases.Two convenience samples of Japanese (N = 119) and Turkish (N = 66) university students served as participants. The Japanese students tended to describe themselves as "typical" Japanese and rated themselves significantly less positively with respect to 9 indigenous trait terms than they rated their national in-group, and they did not enhance their national in-group vis-a-vis a composite out-group comprising Chinese, Koreans, Americans, and Turks. The Turkish students tended to describe themselves as untypical of their national in-group and rated themselves significantly more positively with respect to 6 indigenous traits than they rated their national in-group.They rated their in-group significantly less positively than they rated a composite outgroup comprising Chinese, Japanese, Koreans, and Americans. Implications for Social Identity Theory's self-esteem hypothesis are discussed. Numerous studies have shown that North Americans self-enhance, while Japanese fail to, and on the contrary often self-efface (see Brown & Kobayashi, 2002; Heine, 2003; and Heine & Lehman 1997; Kobayashi & Brown, 2003; Kurman, 2001: Kurman, 2003; Muramoto, 2003; Takata, 2003 for reviews). If selfenhancement serves to maintain self-esteem (Taylor & Brown, 1988; 1994), then the Japanese failure to selfenhance would imply either that the Japanese do not need, or are unable to maintain, self-esteem, or that other psychological or emotional mechanisms may serve the same self-esteem maintaining purposes. If the former is the case, then the universality of a human need for positive self-esteem must be questioned. If the latter is the case, then self-esteem maintenance can not on its own account for self-enhancement. In this case, it remains to be explained how inaccurate and illusory self-perception can co-exist with good mental health and social functioning. It has also been suggested that individuals maintain their self-esteem (Hornsey, 2003), or more generally, their feelings of positive self-worth (Brown & Dutton, 1995) by incorporating elements of their group identities into their personal identities and self-evaluations (see Rubin & Hewstone, 1998 for a review). A positive group identity should contribute to a positive self-identity. A positive evaluation, at both individual and


A vapor‐solid reaction performed in a two‐temperature zones reactor operated at low pressure is demonstrated successfully to prepare Hg‐1201 material of good superconducting properties as shown by the temperature dependence of resistivity and ZFC susceptibility. To investigate further the connectivity of the material, we performed high sensitivity magnetization measurements at very low magnetic fields and temperature. A hysteretic behavior is observed due to an intergranular critical state regime.


I argue that if there are non-disabled reasons to believe p, then there cannot be non-disabled reasons to believe something incompatible with p. I first defend a restricted version of the view, which applies only to situations where the relevant agent has complete evidence. Then, I argue for a generalized version of the view, which holds regardless of the agent's evidence. As a related result, I show that, given plausible assumptions, there cannot be non-disabled reasons to believe something false.


This study aims to empirically prove the effect of fraud diamonds in the form of pressure, opportunity, rationalization, and capability on the fraudulent financial statements. The data were collected from the financial reports of Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia for 2016-2021. And with purposive sampling, 48 samples were established. This study employs multiple linear regression. The results show that pressure and rationalization have positive and significant effect on the fraudulent financial statements, while opportunity and capability have positive but insignificant effect on fraudulent financial statements


The development of gene technology has brought positive and negative effects to the protection of human rights,such as the right of life and health,the right of privacy as well as environmental rights and the right of development.There are a variety of reasons of the dual impacts, including the security of gene technology,the freedom of scientific research for researchers,the conflict between the equal rights as well as the conflict between private rights and public interests triggered by gene technology.We need the legal regulation in order to promote the healthy development of gene technology.


【Objective】 To probe into the clinical significance of malar fat pad in the anatomy of plastic surgery.【Methods】 12 entire arterial latex skull specimens(a total of 24 sides of the malar fat pad,as well as the blood near the anatomical structures were taken to study.Select April 59 cases of reduction surgery patients from April 2009 to October 2010 admitted to our hospital for the malar fat pad tight,their satisfaction with surgical infection and were followed up.【Results】 Midface malar fat pad was located in the subcutaneous fat layer of the upper bound,lower eyelid orbicularis muscle in front of the orbit,the nasolabial fold can be reached within the upper bound,upper lip and mouth,the lower bound can be reached marginal mandibular,outside of the tragus,lowered eyelid orbicularis muscle,the remaining parts of the subcutaneous fat layer were present.Malar fat pad has the rich blood supply.Malar fat pad had closer relationship with the skin and subcutaneous fat layer.5.08% of patients after surgery(3/59) infection,immediate postoperative satisfaction rate was 100%(59/59);after 1 year satisfaction rate of 93.22%(55/59);followed up for 2 years or more were satisfied rate of 89.83%(53/59).【Conclusions】 Aging in elderly patients with agging facial cosmetic surgery,on the malar fat pad for effective treatment,surgery can achieve more desirable results,making the structure of plastic surgery has great significance.


Attention: President/Chief Operating Officer Please complete this vendor application form and return with a completed W-9. IRS regulations require that we issue 1099 forms to certain companies and individuals. To accurately prepare these forms the IRS requires us to maintain form W-9 for all of our vendors. Warning: It is essential that you respond to this request. If the federal form W-9 is not returned, the IRS requires us to withhold a portion of all payments made to your account if the payments meet reporting requirements of Form 1099.


We investigated the role of different hillslope units with different topographic characteristics on runoff generation processes based on field observations at two types of hillslopes (0·1 ha): a valley‐head (a convergent hillslope) and a side slope (a planar hillslope), as well as at three small catchments having two types of slopes with different drainage areas ranging from 1·9 to 49·7 ha in the Tanakami Mountains, central Japan. We found that the contribution of the hillslope unit type to small catchment runoff varied with the magnitude of rainfall. When the total amount of rainfall for a single storm event was < 35 mm, runoff in the small catchment was predominantly generated from the side slope. As the amount of rainfall increased (>35 mm), the valley‐head also began to contribute to the catchment runoff, adding to runoff from the side slope. Although the direct runoff from the valley‐head was greater than that from the side slope, the contribution from the side slope was quantitatively greater than that from the valley‐head due to the proportionally larger area occupied by the side slope in the small catchment. The storm runoff responses of the small catchments reflected the change in the runoff components of each hillslope unit as the amount of rainfall increased and rainfall patterns changed. However, similar runoff responses were found for the small catchments with different areas. The similarity of the runoff responses is attributable to overlay effects of different hillslope units and the similar composition ratios of the valley‐head and side slope in the catchments. This study suggests that the relative roles of the valley‐head and side slope are important in runoff generation and solute transport as the catchment size increases from a hillslope/headwater to a small catchment. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The occurrence and distribution of symbiotic cauloplane organisms on dormant cuttings of 1- to 2-year-old stems of alder, black cottonwood, maple, and willow were determined from tissue samples removed to 2% malt extract and nutrient broth agars, and from scanning electron micrographs of the bark surfaces. Fungal and bacterial symbionts were found to be confined to the bark surfaces, where their occurrence was related to the surface topography. Inner bark, wood, and pith were virtually aseptic.


Natural birth, breastfeeding, dummies – the debates and online discussions can be vicious, keyboard warriors lashing out from the safety of their anonymity – but what's a new mum to do? Ranjana Das, a new mum herself, finds out first hand. Ranjana is a lecturer at the University of Leicester researching media audiences, and the mediation of childbirth.


Several new fossil remains of Carnivora from the aragonian (MN 6, local zone G2) localities of Arroyo del Val and La Barranca (near the village of Villafeliche, Zaragoza province) are studied in the present paper. These fossil sites are very closely located, and probably belonging to the same level. The faunal list of Carnivora of both sites includes the following taxa: Hemicyon sp. aff. H. sansaniensis, Plithocyon armagnacensis, Amphicyon giganteus, Plioviverrops sp., Martes sp., Pseudaelurus lorteti, Pseudaelurus quadridentatus, and Protictitherium sp. aff. P. crassum.


Currently, an autonomous vehicle studies are working to develop a four-level autonomous vehicle that can cope with emergencies. In order to flexibly respond to an emergency, the autonomous vehicle must move in a direction to minimize the damage, which must be conducted by judging all the states of the road, such as the surrounding pedestrians, road conditions, and surrounding vehicle conditions. Therefore, in this paper, we suggest a passenger detection and sharing system to detect the passenger situation inside the autonomous vehicle and share it with V2V to the surrounding vehicles to assist in the operation of the autonomous vehicle. Passenger detection and sharing system improve the weighting method that recognizes passengers in the current vehicle to identify the passenger's position accurately inside the vehicle, and shares the passenger's position of each vehicle with other vehicles around it in case of emergency. So, it can help determine the driving of a vehicle. As a result of the experiment, the body pressure sensor applied to the passenger recognition sub-module showed about 8% higher accuracy than the conventional resonant sensor and about 17% higher than the piezoelectric sensor.


How do you successfully engage an audience in a citizen-science project? The processes developed by eBird (www.ebird.org), a fast-growing web-based tool that now gathers millions of bird observations per month, offers a model.


The Artemia from Hebei, Qinghai and Great Salt Lake ( U. S.A. ) were respectively reared in sea water with the salinity of 20‰ and 50‰ under laboratory condition . After their growth and reproduction were compared, the conclusion was as follows: (1) Growth: When cultured in the water with the salinity of 20‰, the Hebei Artemia grows the fastest; the Qinghai Artemia grows the slowest. When cultured in the water with the salinity of 50‰, the Qinghai Artemia grows the fastest; while the Hebei Artemia grows the slowest. (2) Reproduction: When cultured in the water with the salinity of 20‰ the bisexual Artemia Hebei and Great Salt Lake mature earlier than the parthenogenesis Artemia Qinghai. Most reproduction traits, such as the average offspring per female , the average offspring per brood, have no significant difference , between the bisexual and the parthenogenesis Artemia. When cultured in water with the salinity of 50‰, there is no significant reproductive difference between the bisexual Hebei Artemia and Great Salt Lake Artemia.


Aims Our objective was to examine population genetic diversity and species divergence of two pine species(Pinus massoniana and P.hwangshanensis) with overlapping distributions in southeastern China.Methods We estimated levels of nucleotide diversity and an analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA) of the two species based on sequence data of two nuclear loci for 88 individuals from 22 populations of the two species across most of their range of distribution.Gene genealogies of each locus were constructed by coalescent simula-tions using the Median-Joining model.Important findings Both species exhibit low levels of nucleotide diversity at two nucleotide loci,and the level of silent nucleotide diversity is two times higher in P.hwangshanensis(πsil = 0.003 40) than that in P.massoniana(πsil = 0.001 71).The population differentiation(FST) is also significantly different between the two species(P.massoniana,0.059;P.hwangshanensis,0.339,p 0.05).These genetic differences in the population structure of the two species may result from their differences in distribution and habitat preference.Hierarchical AMOVA re-vealed that the average of variance components between species is 48.86% based on the two loci and is signi?cantly higher at locus GI(77.24%) than locus C3H(20.48%).In addition,shared haplotypes were only ob-served in C3H rather than GI.Thus we speculate that GI(control of flowering time) may have experienced speci-ation-related selection,which further accelerated its lineage-sorting divergence between the species.


How two children from two different family therapies, used one element of the therapeutic framework to elaborate their intra-psychical issues. This element of the framework, becoming by chance a mediating object leads each person to be the subject of his or her own history. But this object takes here a specific dimension because it travels from one family to the other, becoming thus a psychic shuttle. Il is the somewhere else which builds the here.


Commonly used ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry methods,vanillin-perchloric acid method,vanillin-sulfuric acid and methanol-sulfuric acid method,for determination content of dioscin were comparatively studied. The results showed that compounds formed under different treatments were very different at the maximum absorption wavelength and their stabilities. The methanol-sulfuric acid method was good,and the maximum absorption wavelength was 332nm,with good stabilities within 60min. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 2. 4~24μg/mL. Average content of dioscin in Dioscorea opposita Thunb was 0. 535mg/g with RSD 1. 06% by the methanol-sulfuric acid method. This method was simple,accurate,sensitive and stable,which could be used for the quantitative determination of total dioscin in Dioscorea opposita Thunb.


Background / Purpose: The study was conducted to evaluate the Breast cancer patients with metastasis to different body regions. Aims and Objectives: The primary aim was to highlight the most common site of metastasis and different Sonographic patterns in breast cancer patients at CENAR, Quetta. The secondary aim was to determine the average age of breast carcinoma (Ca) presentation. Material and Methods: A two year retrospective study of breast carcinoma diagnosed and treated at our centre was conducted. 278 patients pathologically proven invasive carcinoma breast were registered at CENAR from 1 st January 2010 to December 2011 were analyzed. Results: During the study period, 278 patients were registered as Ca breast patients out of which 109 (39%) patients developed metastasis during or after treatment or initially at registration, majority of the patients were with liver metastasis 46 (42%)patients and most common Sonographic pattern was hypo echoic with 26(57%) patients. Most common age group was 25-40 years with 125(45%) patients, followed by 41-55 years with 97(35%) patients. Key words: Breast carcinoma, Liver metastasis & Ultrasound imaging.


Armed forces and police in dysfunctional states of Sub-Saharan Africa are usually weak, both in terms of training, discipline, equipment and morale. The army is frequently dragged into political conflicts, especially as there is a rule that who controls armed forces has power, and the loss of control of the army is tantamount to the loss of power. A similar problem concerns the police, which is even more corrupt and dependent on political influence. The police is often more preoccupied with supporting the ruling party than with protection of the public order, and citizens associate it with forcing various types of bribes. The analysis of the relation between the weak statehood challenges and the condition of the armed forces and police presented in the article is a result of the author's longterm research on dysfunctional states in Sub-Saharan Africa, based, inter alia, on the fieldwork conducted in more than twenty African states.


Combined with procedure of constructive techno lo gy of hole-digging grouting pile,it puts forward control measures of constructi ve quality of hole-digging grouting pile from three phases of constructive prep aration、constructive process and checkup so as to be good for doing well in man agement work guaranteeing project quality.


Energy subsidy policy is one of the most favorable policies implemented by many oil producer countries in improving their economic development. However, the economic
outcome is still debatable due to the implications on economic efficiency, fiscal policy and etcetera. As two main oil producer countries in ASEAN 5, both Malaysia and Indonesia had allocated 5% of energy subsidy (% of GDP) averagely throughout the period of 1990-2014.
This paper is intended to study the impact of energy subsidy on economic production in Malaysia and Indonesia by employing a dynamic panel data analysis. Our finding suggests that the energy subsidy affects the growth output positively in the long run. We conclude that
energy subsidy is significant to promote economic growth in both countries. The absence of energy subsidy will bring harm to the economic growth. However, if a reduction of energy subsidy is essential to improve efficiency and fiscal pressure, we suggest the policymaker to implement some offsetting policies to cushion the economy from any shocks.


The introduction of the fungus Cryphonectria parasitica into North America at the beginning of the 20th century almost eliminated the once dominant forest tree, the American chestnut. However, the Chinese chestnut, its Asian counterpart, has remained resistant to the fungus. A breeding program began almost two decades ago to develop a blight-resistant variety of the American chestnut for restoring it to eastern U.S. forests. The Chinese chestnut, although it has resistance to the fungus, lacks the desirable superior timber qualities of the American variety. The hybrids that have resistance are being backcrossed to the American parent to develop a true American variety that has resistance and all the superior timber traits. The American Chestnut Foundation, which initiated the backcrossing program, has been using traditional techniques to determine the resistance and growth characteristics of a mature tree to screen the progeny. These methods are not precise and require long times for identifying the desired progeny. Molecular techniques to ascertain true resistance and presence of desirable traits will speed the project to develop a resistant American chestnut variety for restoration efforts. In the past, we have used PCR and RAPD primers to screen progeny for desirable traits. We have now included short sequence repeat (SSR) primers as selection tools. Genomes of plants contain high levels of length polymorphism in dinucleotide and trinucleotide tandem repeat sequences. Such repeat sequences, known as SSRs, are abundant, uniformly distributed, hypervariable, codominant, and highly reproducible. A linkage map has been generated for the Chinese and American chestnut trees based on these SSRs. We are using this information to screen for the presence or absence of specific alleles in the progeny of American chestnut backcross breeding program.


A description is given of a program developed to offer first semester student teachers the opportunity to become intensely involved with adolescents through a tutorial program on a high school campus. The object was to enable student teachers to become familiar with adolescent social and learning problems, particularly those of students from lower socioeconomic and minority backgrounds. It also was intended to provide them with some limited teaching experiences through a tutorial which would hel, illustrate the teaching and learning theo-ies taught in their university classrooms. The program also sought to assist high schools by offering them help through tutorials for remediating high school students, many of whom were minority, with the subsequent result of helping to reduce the high dropout rate in the schools. Appendices include excerpts from the journals of participating student teachers, a questionnaire used in evaluating the program, and a bibliography of writings on dropout prevention. (JD) *300000000000000000000000000000000000000000000MOMMOM00000000000( Reproductions supplied by ELRS are the best that can be made from the original document. 300000000000000000000(30000000000000000000(300000000011(3080000000000000000( 0 Fr% CNJ Cis Cis csJ C:) LAi PRESERVICE PROGRAMS IN THE SECONDARY SCHOOLS FOR BEGINNING TEACHERS: WORKING WITH THE HIGH-RISK MARGINAL HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS--PERILS AND PROSPECTS Renee Golanty-Koel, Ph.0 Assistant Professor California State University, Sacramento -PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS SEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) U S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of EducatIonal P91011rCh and improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) TI document has been retroduc NI as .e-etved from the DOM', Or orgamiabon cnomahng .1 r' "0, chan2eS have been made to Improve reproduction wally Pants of view or opin.ons stated ,n th's docu Tent do not necessarily represent ofhoal OERI 0050105 or policy 2 BEST COPY AVAILABLE Preservice Programs in the Secondary Schools for Beginning Teachers: Working with the High Risk Marginal High School Students--Perils and Prospects Renee Golanty-Koel, Ph.D. Assistant Professor California State University, Sacramento The old English proverb that" the road to hell is paved with good intentions" might be somewhat of an eriggeration to describe the implementation of a program, for certainly intentions are good when a university cooperates with a school district to establish a tutorial program for high risk marginal high school students. And if the process is not exactly 'hellish" it certainly can 'e a headache, fraught with perils unless attention is paid to the human relations component in the school in regard to administrative and teaching personnel, and to the experiences of green, student teachers, and the high school students being served. goals: What will be described below was an attempt to accomplish two First: To offer first semester student teachers the opportunity to become intensely involved with adolescents through a tutorial program on a high school campus. The object was to enable student teachers to become familiar with adolescent social and learning problems, particularly those from lower SES and minority backgrounds, and to provide them with some limited teaching experience; through a tutorial which would help illustrate the teaching and learning theories taught in the University classrooms.


Now development of system of technical rationing of ecological indicators of vehicles (automatic telephone exchange) goes on the way of globalization and toughening, that is creation of supranational standards which purpose is providing the demanded ecological indicators, including durability of systems of cleaning and neutralization of the fulfilled gases, on design stages and productions. This tendency promote that the low level of ecological danger of automatic telephone exchange established at certified tests of type will be confirmed and remain during all life cycle in actual practice of operation. In the developing conditions changes in basic normative documents which are already entered are important or will be entered in foreseeable prospect. After all they, eventually, will define in the future procedure of control and restriction of the admission in operation of the automatic telephone exchange having the malfunctions influencing ecological safety, and also a role of periodic technical inspections. The purpose of this article is the analysis of system of technical rationing of ecological indicators of automatic telephone exchange. The analyzed normative documents are grouped in the realization level (the first main level is realized at design stages and productions of automatic telephone exchange, the second at an operational phase of automatic telephone exchange), and also by the form requirements to ecological characteristics of automatic telephone exchange (the gaseous and visible polluting substances (PS), «climatic» gases (CO2) and fuel consumption, the made noise). Toughening of norms on a lot of emissions and to quantity of controlled ZV, and also complication of test cycles for the purpose of their bigger binding to real service conditions is noted. Besides, in amendments are considered widely adopted recently hybrid and gas cylinder automatic telephone exchanges. Comparison of features of rationing of ecological indicators of automatic telephone exchange is given in EU countries and Russia. In the conclusion tendencies of development of the regulatory base regulating ecological safety of automatic telephone exchange, and, first of all, the changes concerning periodic technical inspections reveal.


Temperature dependence of ESR spectrum on the SeO 4 3- radical substituted for PO 4 3- in KDP(KH 2 PO 4 ) single crystal has been interpreted by the model that locally ordered regions are formed in the paraelectric phase of the crystal as the temperature approaches T c and the polarization of each region fluctuates with the relaxation time τ. Estimated temperature dependence of the fluctuation rate exhibits the slowing down phenomenon near T c which is represented as τ -1 = A ( T - T c ) m with m =0.99.


The sintering process is an important step of preparing raw material for iron and steel smelting. It is a series of complex physico-chemical changes with high energy consumption, high pollution and large CO2 emissions. How to reduce carbon consumption while ensuring the quality and yield of sinter ore are the problems to be solved urgently. In this paper, An intelligent control scheme for burn-through point (BTP) to carbon efficiency optimization in iron ore sintering process is presented. The comprehensive coke ratio is employed as a measure of carbon efficiency; and the BTP, a measure of the stability of the sintering process. First, a model is established to predict the comprehensive coke ratio using a back propagation neural network, and the carbon efficiency is optimized using the particle swarm optimization algorithm. This yields an optimal strand velocity. Then, the control of the BTP is taken into consideration using an expert-fuzzy control strategy. This yields another strand velocity. Finally, these two kinds of strand velocity are integrated using the fuzzy satisfaction method to produce a control input for the strand velocity. It not only improves the carbon efficiency, but also ensures the stable running of the sintering process. Part of the strategy was tested in an actual plant, and the results show the effectiveness of the scheme.


Strong blue emission is observed from Ti-doped MgAl2O4, yellow emission from a Mn-doped one and white light emission from a V-doped one. The optimum condition to obtain the strongest emission was studied by changing the doping density and growing atmosphere. The microscopic models for these emission processes are proposed from observation of other optical responses and electron spin resonance spectra both in the electronic ground and excited states.


Between 1999 and 2009 the Swedish Armed Forces underwent an immense reformation. This thesis aims to contribute to the discussion on small state foreign policy behaviour within the wider field of i ...


Abstract There have been no systematic experiments conducted in Nevada's water-limited environment that examined the simultaneous benefits of soil health and feed value derived from cool-season cover cropping systems. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of different annual cool-season cover crop systems on above and belowground biomass production, plant tissue carbon and nitrogen, forage nutritive value (crude protein, acid, and neutral detergent fiber), relative feed value (RFV), and short-term soil health indicators under irrigation in a semi-arid environment. Treatments (cover crop systems) were a fallow (no cover crop), five monocultures of rye (Secale cereale L.), winter lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), arrowleaf clover (Trifolium vesiculosum Savi), white sweetclover (Melilotus alba), forage kale (Brassica oleracea L.), and two three-species mixtures in 50-25-25 seeding ratios (CCM 1: rye, winter lentil, arrowleaf clover; CCM 2: rye, white sweetclover, forage kale). Cover crop systems were arranged in an RCBD with three replications. Plots were fall seeded in Reno, NV early October of each year (2020 and 2021) and terminated at the end of July of 2021 and 2022, respectively. Averaged across years, aboveground biomass production was lowest for the monoculture of winter lentil (4104 kg DM ha−1; SE = 1551) compared to all other cover crop systems (average = 7593 kg DM ha−1; SE = 1551). Biomass carbon produced was lowest for winter lentil (1717 kg ha−1; SE = 675) relative to all other cover crop systems (average = 3227 kg ha−1; SE = 675). The CCM 1 system had a greater C/N ratio (36.3) than CCM 2 and the monocultures of winter lentil, arrowleaf clover, and white sweetclover (average = 24.9). Belowground biomass did not differ among cover crop systems (average = 3161 kg DM ha−1; SE = 962). Crude protein concentration was similar among cover crop systems but the RFV was greatest for forage kale (RFV = 165; SE = 4.0) among all cover crop systems. Soil total N and organic carbon concentration did not differ among cover crop systems but soil K concentration was greatest under fallow (428 mg kg−1 soil; SE = 26) relative to all other systems (average = 345.6 mg kg−1 soil; SE = 26). Soil microbial community biomass was not altered by cover crop system or its interaction with year. While the short-term impact of the cover crop systems on soil health indicators was minimal relative to the fallow system, the overall results suggested that there is potential to integrate cover crops in Nevada's semi-arid environment under irrigation.


The successful performance of large-area GaAs/GaAs1-xPx heterostructure waveguides, as demonstrated earlier, at 10.6 μm wavelength has prompted us to investigate the propagation characteristics of these waveguides at 1.06 μm and 0.905 μm wavelengths.1,2 To be useful at these wavelengths, it is necessary to reduce the film thickness to 1-2 μm and ensure good surface quality at both air/film and film/substrate interfaces. Further, in order to be useful at 0.905 μm, the band-edge absorption must be reduced. Addition of phosphorus into GaAs epitaxial film is expected to reduce the band-edge absorption by shifting the absorption edge to a shorter wavelength. However, the effect of strain induced by lattice mismatch between the film and the substrate may tend to broaden the absorption edge.


Scholars have recently begun to recognize the importance of policy durability to the overall shape of public policy. Existing work on policy durability focuses on the political environment rather than elements of policy design, such as the delivery of benefits as a tax break instead of a direct outlay. I argue that the unique characteristics of tax breaks, including the relatively narrow reach of these policies, make them vulnerable to elimination. Using a newly expanded data set, I test this claim by examining the longevity of all federal tax and non-tax programs created between 1974 and 2003, and find that tax expenditures are more vulnerable to elimination than non-tax programs. Further analysis provides more support for my arguments, as narrowly targeted tax expenditures prove more vulnerable than those benefiting the public. This project makes an original contribution to the literatures on policy durability, indirect governance, tax policy, and policy feedback.


The microcolony method is based on microscopic observation of the early stage of colony formation on laboratory media, which allows rapid and accurate enumeration of bacteria with growth ability via epifluorescence microscopy or microcolony automated counting system. In this study, the microcolony method was used to estimate the number of viable bacteria in various foods. The optimized protocol generated results on number of bacteria with growth ability in ground meat, precut vegetables, frozen spinach, precut melon, soybean curd, Chinese noodles, bean cake, white sauce, steamed cake within 24 hours. The accuracy of estimates by the microcolony method could be obtained by comparing the conventional plate counts. The results of this study showed that the microcolony method provides a useful tool to enumerate bacteria with growth ability in foods more rapidly and accurately than conventional plate counting.


A fiber-type terahertz time-domain spectrometer was developed by combining fiber femtosecond laser with fiber-coupled terahertz photoconductive antenna. And variable angle terahertz reflectance of high-resistance silicon wafer and composite absorbent material was measured using this spectrometer. The measurement results are in good agreement with the theoretical calculation results.


In present days, the semisolid metal forming (SSF) is an emerging casting technique for producing critical automotive, military and aerospace components. The essence of the SSF process relies primarily on distinct rheological behaviour of the alloy during casting under shear. The rheology of slurries has to be properly understood for successful implication of the SSF process. In this work, the author presented an overview of the rheological behavior of semisolid A356 alloy under cooling. The author discussed on model for evolution of structural parameter and apparent viscosity of the semisolid slurry under cooling.


Prevention of Mother to child Transmission (PMTCT) programs has been proven to be effective in reducing the risk of HIV transmission from mother to child. Men participation in PMTCT programs is likely to increase women's uptake of PMTCT services. Unfortunately, men involvement in this intervention has been very minimal. Thus, identifying the factors that influences male involvement in the PMTCT programs is imperative. The study was a hospital and community base quantitative cross-sectional survey of 200 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic ANC/PMTCT clinic and 200 men in the Kumba Health District community using structured questionnaire. Ethical clearance was obtained from Faculty of health sciences University of Buea. Each health area in the district represented a stratum. Women were sampled at the clinics and men in the community. Written consent was obtained from all participants. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 26 at 95% confident interval and P<0.05 for statistical significance. Result. 52(13%) of male respondents had attended PMTCT services in the district with their partners which is far below the 80% standard set by the ministry of Public Health of Cameroon. Of the 200 male respondents 94(47%) had heard about PMTCT programs (p=0.001). Knowledge on HIV transmission through breast feeding (P=0.001) were highly significant, likewise level of education (P=0.003) and employment of participants (P=0.001). Despite the successful implementation of the Test and START in Kumba Health District, eliminating MTCT of HIV remains a major challenge. Keywords. ANC, ARV, HIV, Male Involvement, MTCT, PMTCT.


In this issue of Blood , Roccaro and colleagues evaluate the crucial role of miRNAs in regulating the biology and prognosis of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, providing in vitro and in vivo evidences for miRNA-based targeted therapies in this disease.

Epigenetic modifications at the level of


The topic of this lecture is dimensionality reduction. Many problems have been efficiently solved in low dimensions, but very often the solution to low-dimensional spaces are impractical for high dimensional spaces because either space or running time is exponential in dimension. In order to address the curse of dimensionality, one technique is to map a set of points in a high dimensional space to another set of points in a low-dimensional space while all the important characterisitics of the data set are preserved. In this lecture, we will study Johnson Lindenstrauss Lemma. Essentially all the dimension reduction techniques via random projection rely on the Johnson Lindenstrauss Lemma.


The invention discloses a method for calculating DC transmission loss of a modular multilevel converter in the power transmission and distribution technical field of the power system. The invention fills the blank in the research of the Modular Multilevel Converter MMC loss, and provides a complete set of method for solving the loss of the modular multilevel converter MMC. The calculation result of the method conforms to practical demands of engineering, and has directive significance for practical engineering application.


Abstract Central government agencies play key roles in making and implementing public policies in China, but the empirical studies on these organisations are disproportionally scarce. Scholars in political science and public administration predominantly focus their researches on local governments at various levels, while paying little, if any, attention to the central counterparts. This article discusses the phenomenon of strong local but weak central government research pattern (the so called 'central–local research divide'), and identifies the driving forces behind this research gap. It also introduces the lessons and implications from the US and European research projects for developing, replicating, and extending central agency databases. The research further elaborates the existing variables and data sources on central agencies and develops the China Central Agency Database (CCAD) to advance the quantitative research of central agencies in China. Finally, a conclusion is drawn with a research agenda to encourage researchers to coproduce the CCAD and embrace the study of central agencies.


To construct a perfect physiologic question bank matching modern medical education ideas, to produce test paper automatically by computer and to analyze test paper and teaching quality objectively and scientifically based on examination performance are very important for the exam-teaching separation and promoting the teaching quality. In this paper, the construction process and application of physiology question bank are summarized and the problems and countermeasures are discussed to further improve quality and promote construction and application of question bank.


The concept of futility is frequently invoked by doctors as providing ethical justification for the unilateral witholding/withdrawal of treatment of marginal benefit. The term now appears in many institutional policies. Yet it provokes controversy in its application, often being characterized as an unwarranted infringement of patient autonomy. This paper explores the substance of assertions of futility and attempts to dissect out the issues commonly intertwined in appeals to the concept. An ethical analysis of its component parts is presented using a principle-based approach to derive appropriate duties of care applicable in specific scenarios. The usefulness of the concept of futility is challenged and an alternative model is offered to deal with the ethical dilemmas posed by the availability of treatments of marginal benefit.


For swarm systems consisting of agents described by high-order linear singular systems with singular dynamic output consensus protocol, admissible output consensus problems are investigated. By using observability decomposition and eigenvalue decomposition techniques, a sufficient condition for admissible output consensus and a necessary and sufficient condition for admissible LCE (limited control energy) output consensus are obtained. Further, it is shown that the stabilizability of agents is a sufficient condition for admissible output consensualizability, and the protocol design problem is converted to two stabilization problems, which have no relationship with the numbers of the agents. Finally, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of protocol design approach.


The present invention relates to apparatus and method for inspecting an object (2), and bright field, illumination beam path of the bright-field-light source being formed for an imaging optical system (3) (5) (4), but using a dark-field-illumination beam path (6) of the dark-field-light source being formed for an imaging optical system (3) (7), the object (2) an imaging optical system (3) used is capable imaged on the at least one detector (8) are illuminated simultaneously by further object (2) both the light source (5,7). For simultaneous detection of the bright-field image and the dark-field image without filtering time-consuming and expensive, the apparatus and method according to the present invention for detecting an object (2) is used for the dark field illumination the light is pulsed, and the pulse intensity of the light used for dark-field illumination, than the intensity of the continuous light used for a strength associated with the pulse interval bright field illumination, at least 1 order of magnitude, greater.


Although in the last two decades there have been literally hundreds of studies of postwar minimum wage legislation, there have been but a handful of studies of the first federal minimum wage, the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (FLSA), and no studies of the state laws that preceded it.1 My dissertation attempts to bridge this gap by examining the political economy and effects of early American minimum wage legislation.


[Objective]To study the effect of the third molar in mandible in removable partial denture and complete denture.[Methods] Twenty cases of the third molar in mandible were applied in removable partial denture and complete denture.Curative effect was observed after 2 years.[Results] The retention,stability and sustainability of denture with the third molar were good.Function of mastication were fine.[Conclusion] The third molar in mandible has effect of retention,stability and sustainability in denture.


To evaluate the basic technique of Ptosis probe R and the impact of ptosis repair by silicone rod frontalis sling on the Asian eyelid. A retrospective interventional study including 30 patients (49 eyelids) who underwent silicone rod frontalis suspension by the same surgeon between 2005 and 2008. Cosmetic outcomes , marginal reflex distance (MRD), chin-up head posture and recurrence rate were evaluated. In all patients, MRD increased an average of 1.2 ± 1.5 mm after the operation (P < 0.05). The score of cosmetic outcomes was 0.6 ± 0.4.(the most of the operated eyelids achieved to good-to-excellent final lid height). The rate of chin-up head posture deceased from 33.3% to 6.6% (P < 0.05). Transient punctate keratopathy without corneal infection occurred postoperatively in 9 (18%) of 49 eyes. Extrusion of the sling node with or without infection occurred in 2 forehead. With a mean follow-up of 20.73 months (range:6-41 months), no recurrence of the ptosis was found. Silicone rods is an effective material in frontalis suspension for the treatment of severe ptosis with poor levator function. It may increase the MRD of operated eyelid and decreased the rate of chi-up head posture. The procedure with Ptosis probe R is easy, fast, and leads to less tissue trauma on the Asian eyelids. . [Life Science Journal. 2010; 7(2): 19 – 24] (ISSN: 1097 – 8135).


Analysis of multistage deep drawing with ironing was made while manufacturing of cups from 12 mm thick, 60 mm diameter circular blanks of Al-killed AISI 1040 graded medium carbon steel. Quality requirements of the steel in heat treated condition were examined in terms of tensile properties, formability characteristics, and formability limit diagram. Drawability and ironability parameters in multistage cup drawing processes were evaluated in terms of draw ratio; draw reduction; ironing ratio; ironing reduction and thus its press formability in an actual state of practice was shown. Further, were analysed the influences of process parameters such as: semi die angle; interfacial friction coefficient; die-punch clearance on draw and ironing punch forces in each draw stage. The spring back tendency of cups in terms of their trends and degrees with respect to cup heights and draw stages were experimentally determined by conducting split ring test. Thus, a data bank was created as potential references for process engineers to improve the manufacturing process and draw tools as well, particularly for the selected steel.


The semi-solid slurry of A356 alloy was prepared at low overheated temperature,and the fractal dimension of primary phase morphology and the corresponding calculation were researched.The corresponding calculating program was written by MATLAB to calculate the fractal dimensions of box-counting in the morphology imagine of semi-solid primary phase in A356 alloy.The results indicated that the primary phase morphology of semi-solid A356 alloy prepared at low overheated temperature belonged to a kind of fractal structure,and the morphology of primary phase prepared by the different technology had different fractal dimensions.By means of the result of the fractal dimension,the morphology and properties of semi-solid primary phase in A356 alloy can be researched.


A statistical report of 1906 evaluated the place of death sentences in the judicial system, with the main purpose of supporting the bill of abolition of the death penalty (finally rejected). This report showed the negligible role of the capital punishment in the penal repression – as if the guillotine had already fallen into abeyance. According to the Penal Code of 1810, aggravated murders (premeditated murders, murders accompanied by another crime, murders of a public officer), parricides, poisonings, arsons of houses, as well as complicity in and attempt of such crimes, were all punishable by the guillotine. However, a large implementation of the principle of mitigating circumstances allowed to avoid the enforcement of death penalty. Moreover, two thirds of the people sentenced to death were pardoned, often with the support of the juries. The substitute penalty was a perpetual imprisonment, but this "perpetuity" became shorter and shorter after 1945.


SUMMARY The root is the first plant organ to perceive the impact of soil water deficit. This deficit depends on, among other factors, the drying rate of the soil. A rapid root elongation rate is important for the establishment of the plant. The present work studies the effect of three soil drying rates: well-watered control (T), slow drying rate (SL) and fast drying rate (SR), on the root growth dynamics, its dry weight and the dry weight of the shoot. Two type-III bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties were employed: Bayo Madero (BM) susceptible and Pinto Villa (PV) resistant to drought. The experimental design was a completely randomized 2 x 3 factorial with eight replications. The seedlings were grown in controlledenvironment chambers, in sand-filled rhizotrons, which allowed follow-up on daily root elongation. Under SL, the PV variety showed a significant decrease in main root elongation as well as in population of secondary+adv entitious roots. Under SR, the length of the roots of different categories and the rate of emission of tertiary roots were also inhibited in both varieties. Leaf area and root and leaf dry weight of both varieties were also severely inhibited under SR and to less extent under SL. At the beginning of the SR treatment, deceleration of the elongation rate of roots was observed. Eventually, as the soil water deficit progressed elongation was arrested. These events were reflected on a lower shoot biomass. The root/shoot ratio increased or decreased according to the drying rate of the soil and the bean variety.


A thin-skinned fold model of Appalachian Plateau folds in which layers do not thin in synclines is not possible geometrically. However, a two-layer model consisting of a gently folded competent layer overlying a deformed zone in which material flows from the synclines to the anticlines is both reasonable geometrically and supported by geologic evidence from the Plateau province of Pennsylvania and south-central New York. The deformed zone is composed of weak rocks--evaporites and shale--which have been deformed much more than the competent rocks above; the decollement marks the lower boundary of this deformed zone. Care should be taken in reconstructing the depocenters of rocks composing the deformed zone, because the original thicknesses have been altered by later deform tion. The Appalachian Plateau of Pennsylvania and New York may be divided into two regions on the basis of fold mechanics. In the northwestern and far western Plateau of Pennsylvania and south-central New York, Region I, the salt-bearing part of the Silurian Salina Group is the deformed zone; no other part of the stratigraphic section has flowed significantly. Synclines are broader than anticlines in the higher relief folds of Region I because much material has been removed from beneath the synclines and flanks to fill anticlines. In southwestern and central Pennsylvania, Region II, the anhydrite-rich Tonoloway formation and/or the Upper Ordovician Reedsville Shale flowed as well as salt. Complex thrust faulting and disharmonic folding at the level of the Oriskany Sandstone contribute significantly to the structural relief, but it cannot provide the major part of the relief. Balancing the shortening present at the Oriskany level requires either stretching at this level in the synclines or significant layer-parallel shortening at shallower stratigraphic levels.


Recently, many researches for vibration suppression control of 2-mass systems have been reported because the effects of non-stiff coupling cannot be ignored when a faster speed response is required for motor driving systems. An observer based approach is one of the representative methods to suppress the vibration which assumes that the disturbance torque changes very slowly, or even is constant during the sampling period, and uses a disturbance observer to estimate the tortional torque. And the systems are almost analyzed as continuous time ones. But in case that the system is composed of small equipment, the resonance frequency becomes high enough to be close to the sampling frequency of the speed detector, so we have to use high gains for the observer with the result that the noise and parameter error have strong effects on the calculation of the observer.In this paper, treating the system as a discrete time one, we propose a novel vibration suppression control method. Assuming that the torsional torque is composed of a periodic component and dc component, we use PI type controller for the speed control system and feed the estimation torque forward to the current reference to suppress the vibration. Experimental results show the validity of the proposal method.


Abstract
Generativity is defined in this chapter as the creation of new images, metaphors, physical representations, and so on that have two qualities: they change how people think so that new options for decisions and/or actions become available to them, and they are compelling images that people want to act on. Research and experiences that suggest "positivity," particularly positive emotion, is not sufficient for transformational change, but that generativity is a key change lever in cases of transformational change, are reviewed. A model of different characteristics of generativity is offered and ways in which appreciative inquiry can be a generative process, increase generative capacity, and lead to generative outcomes, are discussed. Ways to increase the generativity of appreciative inquiry through generative topics, generative questions, generative conversations, and generative action are offered.


With the advent of the web and the ever-increasing need for more rapid application development, the role of Configuration Management has changed from primarily a QA function, to a critical part of a development team's daily operation. This intensive full day tutorial will give you a new perspective on Configuration Management. We concentrate on how CM supports your team in its daily development process. We will teach you the principles of team based CM through a set of metaphors. Through group exercises you will be able to outline a CM plan for your team. You will also learn how to introduce these CM principles to your team in a workshop format, enabling them to see the benefits of CM from their perspective, rather than as some bureaucratic process invented by the QA department. From our experience this is an effective way to introduce CM to a development team and thus change their attitude towards CM.


Reading is a unique interactional practice in the drag queen community. It refers to leveling
 witty and often cutthroat mock insults at fellow drag queens, with an aim of throwing shade. In this paper, I
 examine the discourse of the 'reading challenge', a staple of
 RuPaul's Drag
 Race
 (RPDR), an internationally popular drag queen reality TV show (2009–). In the first
 part, I review central concepts surrounding drag performance and the phenomenon of RPDR and summarize relevant
 sociolinguistic literature about drag queen speech and the practice of reading. In the second part, I describe
 the RPDR reading challenge as a unique discursive genre and analyse its performative structure, themes, and most
 prominent strategies that queens use to construct felicitous reads and throw shade. The analysis demonstrates that this genre
 relies on camp language and highly ritualized, repetitive, and recontextualized performance of reading, framed by requirements of
 mass-consumed reality TV.


Wilf Carter (Montana Slim) crossed the Canadian-U.S. border in 1935 to further his career as a country musician. Hank Snow moved to Nashville in 1945, reaching the stage of the Grand Ole Opry in 1950. Twenty-one years later Neil Young settled into Nashville's Quadraphonic Sound Studio to record songs that would be featured on the album Harvest. Today, Nashville's New West Records represents country-inspired Canadian musicians Daniel Romano and Corb Lund. These artists make up part of a notable history of northerners blending North American identities through country music. A significant and overlooked part of this history came to light in 2014 with the release of the Native North America (Vol. 1): Aboriginal Folk, Rock, and Country 1966-1985 compilation from Light In The Attic Records. NNA (Vol. 1) is a collection of limited releases from Indigenous musicians from across Canada and Alaska. It is significant because it makes audible that Indigenous musicians performed—and continue to perform—country, folk, and rock music, challenging the borders and identities forced on them through settler-colonialism. These artists bring together southern sounds and northern voices—often using northern Indigenous languages—to articulate different experiences under North American colonization. This paper begins to explore how artists such as Willie Dunn, John Angaiak, and William Tagoona unsettle North American boundaries and identities through country music. This paper also begins to explore the opportunities and challenges this compilation presents to white settler listeners.


Objective To compare the recent and mid-term results of two different treatments in bicuspid aortic valve(BAV) patients with dilated ascending aorta.Methods From march 2007 to April 2014,there were totally 70 BAV patients received surgical treatment in Nanjing Cardiovascular Disease Hospital.According to the procedure of the ascending aorta,they were divided into two groups.As for group A which repaired the ascending aorta,there were28 males and 9 females with an average age of 58.68±8.01 years.As for group B which replaced the ascending aorta,there were 25 males and 8 females with an average age of 54.18±11.97 years.And we compared perioperative clinical data and follow-up results of these two groups.Results There were statistical differences between the two groups in cardiopulmonary bypass time,aortic cross clamping time,and ICU stay time(105.19±11.17 min vs.180.94±32.10 min,P=0.000;78.65±13.18 min vs.110.24±29.64 min,P=0.000;1.62±1.09 d vs.3.58±2.89 d,P=0.001).And the time of the group A is shorter than that in the group B.Two patients in the group B died postoperatively,and the other 68 patients discharged.There was no significant difference in cumulative survival rate between the two groups(P=0.582).Postoperative following-up results showed that the ascending aortic diameter of both groups was smaller than that during the preoperative period.And at the latest time of the following-up,ascending aortic diameter was increased compared with pre-discharge in the group A(38.50±1.77 mm vs.34.85±1.53 mm,P=0.007).But there was no increase in the group B.Conclusion We suggests simultaneous treatment to dilated ascending aorta for BAV patients.Both the repair and replacement procedure could achieve satisfactory recent and mid-term results.


AS THE WORKFORCE becomes increasingly important in the government's plans for reform of healthcare services, research into pay and conditions can have a more influential role in recruiting and retaining staff. Two studies investigated the effect that pay and conditions had on employers' abilities to develop the workforce they needed to deliver services.


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Graphene has been an interesting discovery for the next generation electronic material due to promising thermal, mechanical, electrical, chemical and thermal properties. As a platform to RF application, graphene plays an important candidate in antenna thin film development. Thin-films use less material and the active area is usually only 1 to 10 micrometers thick. Thus, it has been good candidate for antenna development for future 2.4GHz Inter/Intra-Vehicle in Intelligent Transport System (ITS) network. Multilayer graphene will reduce the sheet resistance thus will increase the conductivity. This paper presents the investigation on different concentrations of thin film graphene coated patch antenna on flame retardant-4 (FR-4) glass epoxy aimed to operate at 2.45GHz. Uniformity of number of layer of graphene antenna has been carried out and effect of 15mg/ml coated graphene towards antenna performance is being investigated. The results shows that graphene provide promising uniformity, return loss, radiation pattern and gain.


Conclusions: The attack of foreign nationals represents a proxy war, and the terrorists are looking for softer targets. Therefore, counter-terrorism initiatives must go beyond country-specific' models. In developing countries where' public health infrastructure is an issue, adopting the "allhazards" approach to disasters may be the direction required in order to build capacity for dealing with future events. While there is a push for top-end hospitals for "medical tourism", India has realized that it is eventually the modest public hospital that responds to all disasters, including those caused by natural hazards or conflict. The financial capital of Mumbai has moved from low to moderate risk for terrorist activities over the past 15 years. The geopolitical reasons for this shift must be researched by social scientists.


Background: Cardiac dysfunctions have been seen in HIV/AIDS children on antiretroviral therapy (ART). This contributes to increased mortality. There is a dearth of information on cardiac dysfunctions in African children. Objectives: We investigated the types of cardiac dysfunctions in HIV/AIDS and its associated factors in children on ART. Materials and Methods: Echocardiography was performed on 90 children with HIV/AIDS using SONO 2000 machine with 5.5—12 MHz transducer. The reliability score of the machine is 95%. The prevalence of cardiac dysfunctions was determined using proportions and associated factors using logistic regression. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 was used for data analysis. Results: Cardiac dysfunctions were significantly higher in the anti retroviral therapy group than the ART-naive group. It was seen in 52.0 (81.0%) of patients on anti retroviral therapy and in 10.0 (38.1%) of ART-naive patients, P = 0.01. The significant ones were left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction in 38.5% (P = 0.02); LV systolic dysfunction in 19.2% (P = 0.03); LV dilatation in 15.4% (P = 0.01), pericardial effusion 7.7% (P = 0.04), and dilated cardiomyopathy in 3.8% (P = 0.13). A linear relationship between cardiac dysfunctions and CD4+ cell counts and age of patients was noted. The highest coefficient of determination (R2) = 0.8642 was associated with CD4+ cell counts, followed by the age of patients R2 = 0.4203. Conclusion: The prevalence of cardiac dysfunctions was high. Using echocardiography, cardiac dysfunctions were more likely to be detected early. It is, therefore, recommended that baseline and periodic echocardiography should be part of the management of these children.


We consider problem determination of focal mechanism and identification the type of source of underground event. This is a typical problem for observing microseismic events, which arise during the reservoir prospecting or hydraulic fracturing. The article presents of recovery of impulse from explosive cord by surface data and application a Hudson plot to determine type of the source.


Recently evaluated and model estimated precursor data are used with preliminary ENDF/B-VI fission yields to calculate total and time-group anti nu/sub d/ and spectra. 8 refs.


objective To investigate the effect and safety of combined hemodialy-sis- resin hemoperfusion in uremia. Methods Thirty-one uremia patients were treated withcombined hemodialysis-resin hemoperfusion. Middle molecular substances(MMS),urea and crea-tinine were detected before and after the treatment. Meanwhile, we compared the effect ofcombined hemodialysis- resin hemoperfusion procedure with conventional hemodialysis inuremic toxin clearance. Results MMS was reduced significantly in combined hemodialysis-hemoperfusion procedure (P 0.001). Compared with conventional hemodialysis, a combinationof hemoperfusion and hemodialysis had a better effect in MMS clearance (P 0.001). Meanwhile,some clinical conditions (appetite, pruritus, insomnia) improved. We did not found anyadverse effect. Conclusion Resin hemoperfusion can effectively clean MMS and was confirmedto be a safe and risk-free procedure.


The tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick:1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is an already dreadful invasive pest, highly destructive, spread already on four continents. As intensive use of pesticides has a complex negative impact on human health, biodiversity, environment and economic activity, alternatives control methods for pests control, with lower impact are needed. Entomopathogenic bacteria (EPB) and entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) have been studied for decades and used for pest management in various cropping systems. Several commercial formulations of the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (subsp. aizawai, subsp. kurstaki, subsp. tenebrionis etc) or fungi Beauveria bassiana, B. brongniartii, Isaria fumosorosea, Lecanicillium lecanii, L. muscarium, Metarhizium anisopliae, M. brunneum, and Paecilomyces fumosoroseus are available around the world to control mites, insect pests from different orders and plant parasitic nematodes. On the other hand, recycled materials such as potato and carrot peels or spoiled cereal grains could be used successfully for sustainable mass production of high-quality bioinsecticides and recycled oils could be considered as potential material for conidial formulations. Isolates of M. anisopliae and B. bassiana are good candidates for Integrated Pest Control strategies in greenhouses against Tuta absoluta. Our review summarizes the results obtained until now in controlling tomato leaf miner with such bacterial and fungal inoculants and also provides a brief overview of various available pest control products against Tuta absoluta in Romania.


Understanding factors influencing drought resistance traits is important for improving turfgrass growth in water-limited environments. The objectives of this study were to examine effects of a plant growth regulator, trinexapac-ethyl (TE), on turf growth and water use for creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) exposed to drought stress, and to determine changes in the accumulation of solutes involved in osmotic adjustment associated with TE application. Plant foliage of cultivar L-93 was sprayed with 1.95 mLL -1 of TE at 0.113% a.i. 14 days before andattheinitiationofdroughtstress.TE-treatedanduntreatedplantswereexposedtowell-wateredordroughtstress conditions for 28 days in a growth chamber. TE-treated plants exhibited a reduced rate of water depletion from the soil as demonstrated by higher soil water content, lower evapotranspiration rates, and higher leaf relative water content during 28 days of drought stress compared with non-TE-treated plants. During the later phase of drought stress, TE-treated plants had a greater reduction in leaf cS at full turgor or greater osmotic adjustment, which was associated withincreased accumulation of solublesugarsandinorganic ions(Ca andK)in leaves ofTE-treated plants. Proline content increased in response to drought stress, but was unaffected by TE application, suggesting that it may not contribute to the effects of TE on osmotic adjustment. TE-treated plants maintained significantly higher turf quality and leaf photochemical efficiency under drought stress. The results suggest that the promotive effects of TE application on turf growth during drought stress were associated with the reduction in water depletion or lower water use and increases in osmotic adjustment due to the accumulation of inorganic solutes and soluble sugars.


This article stems from an on-going qualitative study of the 'environment' of Montreal's elementary level welcome classes for new immigrant students (classes d'accueil), including teachers' language attitudes and actual language practices in the classroom. Since the official language of instruction in Quebec is French, the classe d'accueil provides a unique setting for exploring many issues: how teachers look upon the linguistic and cultural diversity of their learners; how teachers negotiate their way between potentially opposing tensions-to integrate newly arrived children into Quebec, and, to reinforce Quebec's distinct cultural and linguistic status. By drawing on socio-cultural theory of language learning, this study explores the manner in which teachers might foster an inclusive learning environment in the classe d'accueil. Resume Cet article est le resultat d'une etude qualitative en cours a l'ecole primaire qui analyse l'environnement des classes d'accueil pour nouveaux immigrants a Montreal. Elle analyse egalement les attitudes linguistiques et les pratiques langagieres des professeurs dans la salle de classe. Comme la langue officielle de l'education au Quebec est le francais, ces classes d'accueil offrent un environnement unique pour explorer beaucoup de questions : comment les professeurs percoivent-ils la diversite culturelle et linguistique de leurs apprenants, comment negocient-ils les tensions opposees, c'est-a dire comment font-ils pour integrer des enfants qui viennent d'arriver au Quebec en meme temps que renforcer la particularite linguistique et culturelle de la province. Tout en se basant sur la theorie socio culturelle de l'apprentissage des langues, cette etude explore les differentes facons offertes aux professeurs qui encouragent la mise en place d'un environnement d'apprentissage inclusif en classe d'accueil. In 1977, legislation rendered French the official language of Quebec in all public spaces and in business. With the Charter of the French Language (Bill 101), French thus became the language of public schooling for all, with a legal exception made to retain a small English public system for English-speaking children already enrolled in the system and henceforth, for those whose parents had been schooled in English elsewhere in Canada. Following this legislation, new immigrant students were required to attend French-medium schools. To accommodate this influx of learners into the French schools, most of whom spoke neither French nor English at home, a system of reception classes called classes d'accueilliterally welcome classeswas established. The


In this new and innovative program, management is viewed as a design task that engages the creative disciplines, as well as traditional skills in business and engineering. Andrej Kupetz, with students Martin Mangold and Miriam Selbeck, summarize the interdisciplinary nature of the curriculum, as well as its merging of theory and practice, and illustrate outcomes with the discussion of two real-world thesis projects.


We consider the Bayesian reconstruction of the shape of an object in image sequences using deformable template techniques. The object shape is represented by a prototype outline which is deformed under constraints of continuity and rigidity. The deformation of the template retains consistent shape characteristics whilst allowing variation and evolution of object shape over time. The reconstruction of single images using deformable templates has received increasing recent interest since these allow incorporation of more detailed prior knowledge of ezpected image features than a simple local picel dependence model. We provide an application to a sequence of CCD animated digital images.


The physical training of the military must be extremely hard, as it is a support for military training programs. Moreover, it must prepare the military to deal with any situation they may encounter on the battlefield: from climbing a 3-meter-high wall under enemy fire to running on the varied ground, with a 30 kg backpack and individual weapons in his hands. In addition, maintaining or improving the physical performance of professional military personnel in various military settings is crucial to general military training. When we start a military-specific training program, we are confident that we are on the fastest track to serious results. The military will become stronger, with great physical strength, having a robust and harmonious physical constitution. In this article, we will briefly present two of the physical training methods specific to military training (plyometrics and calisthenics), which military physical education specialists should use on a permanent basis, so that fighters reach a higher level of physical training.


Longitudinal predictors of physically and verbally non‐aggressive inappropriate behaviors were examined in 200 community‐dwelling elderly persons attending senior day care centers. Models based on ratings obtained from staff members and family caregivers were compared. Multiple factors contributed simultaneously to the prediction of non‐aggressive behaviors. Similar to previous cross‐sectional results, physically non‐aggressive behaviors were predicted mainly by good health and cognitive impairment. In addition, depression emerged consistently as a predictor of physically non‐aggressive behaviors in all models. Verbally non‐aggressive behaviors were predicted by depressed affect and pain, confirming previous suggestions that these behaviors are related to discomfort. The relationship of these behaviors with cognitive functioning was relatively weak. Understanding the etiologies of non‐aggressive problem behaviors can aid in developing appropriate care for this population. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This paper presents a novel algorithm for background extraction and its application to vision-based traffic monitoring. A modified histogram algorithm is proposed to obtain reliable pixel intensity of background image. After background removal, moving objects can be segmented from the current image via a robust threshold operation. The threshold value is assigned through a measure of illumination variation. We applied the proposed method to a vision-based traffic monitoring system to segment moving vehicles from traffic image sequences. Given degraded on-line traffic images from compressed image transmission, vehicles are successfully segmented from the image frame. We employed a detection window, which behaves like loop detectors, to count the vehicles at a multi-lane intersection. Experimental results demonstrate that traffic flow can be obtained in real time.


Space charge can distort the electric field in high voltage stressed liquid dielectrics and lead to breakdown. Observing the evolution of space charge in real time and determining the influencing factors are of considerable significance. The spatio-temporal evolution of space charge in propylene carbonate, which is very complex under impulse voltage, was measured in this study through the time-continuous Kerr electro-optic field mapping measurement. We found that the injection charge from a brass electrode displayed an asymmetric effect; that is, the negative charge injection near the cathode lags behind the positive charge injection near the anode. Physical mechanisms, including charge generation and drift, are analyzed, and a voltage-dependent saturated drift rectification model was established to explain the interesting phenomena. Mutual validation of models and our measurement data indicated that a barrier layer, which is similar to metal-semiconductor contact, was formed in the contact interface between the electrode and propylene carbonate and played an important role in the space charge injection.


To promote the development of user-oriented technology, different approaches are explored, with living labs being one of the most promising. This paper introduces the strategies in making of a community-based living lab with a specific focus on the users. We introduce the practical mechanisms built in a community environment and the methods to facilitate user innovation. We also report a case study of the users' response to a health care technology, finding out that most of the users did not change their opinion after a year's use. The major finding is on the dynamics between living lab construction and the transformation of the users. We reflect on the phenomenon of a living lab itself transforming the users and making it difficult for them to provide specific opinions of the technology.


Combination strategies are test methods that generate testcases based on input parameter models. This paper suggestsa structured modeling method used to translate requirementsexpressed in a general format into an input parametermodel suitable for combination strategies.This paper also describes results from two initial experimentsexploring the efficiency and effectiveness of themodeling method. These results indicate that the resultingmodels may contain enough information to detect the vastmajority of faults in the system under test. Further, resultsindicate that the modeling method is simple enough to usein practical testing.


Postoptimality or sensitivity analysis are well-developed subjects in almost all branches of mathematical programming. In this note, we propose a simple formula which can be used to get preliminary bounds on the value of this type of analysis for a specific class of mathematical programming problems. We also show that our bounds are tight.


Hypopituitarism in infancy is associated with hypoglycemia, which has been attributed to enhanced utilization of glucose because of decreased availability of FFA and ketones. To test this hypothesis, we measured glucose kinetics in seven hypopituitary infants, using a 2-hour continuous tracing infusion of D-[6,6-H 2/2] glucose after 6-12 hour fasting. During the study blood glucose decreased from 76 ± 13 (SD) to 58 ± 13 mg/dl, the consequence of a glucose production (2.8 ± 1.2 mg/ kg−1/mn−1) decreased to 62% of normal. Plasma lactate (927 ± 771 μM) and alanine (317 ± 298 μM) were normal. FFA (760 ± 210 μM) and 3-hydroxybutyrate (369 ± 311 μM) were lower than in fasting controls.Conclusions: (1) In infancy, pituitary hormones are necessary to maintain an adequate glucose production during fasting. (2) The decrease of glucose production in hypopituitary infants is unrelated to reduced gluco-neogenic substrates. (3) Despite decreased lipid substrates, fasted hypopituitary infants have a low level of glucose utilization.


A group-contribution correlation has been developed for the estimation of the acentric factors of organic compounds. The novelty of the proposed method is that it involves the use of only the structural information of the compounds. For the 219 substances considered in this study, the calculated results deviate from the literature values by an average error of 4.2%.

On a etabli une correlation de contribution des groupes pour ľestimation des facteurs acentriques des composes organiques. Ľoriginalite du modele propose est que seules les donnees structurales des composes sont utilisees. Pour les 219 substances considerees dans ľetude, les resultats calcules montrent un ecart moyen de 4,2% par rapport aux valeurs publiees.


The invention relates to a special direct-current frequency converting control system for a washing machine. The system is connected between an upper computer and a direct-current motor of the washing machine and comprises a power supply converting module, an MCU (Micro-programmed Control Unit) control module and an RS232 serial port communication module, wherein the RS232 serial port communication module and the power supply converting module are both connected with the upper computer; the MCU control module is respectively connected with the power supply converting module and the RS232 serial port communication module; the system also comprises a Hall sensing module, an intelligent power driving module and a current detection and feedback module; and the Hall sensing module, the intelligent power driving module and the current detection and feedback module are respectively connected with the MCU control module, the power supply converting module and the direct-current motor. Compared with the prior art, the special direct-current frequency converting control system has the advantages of high response speed, high rotation speed adjusting precision, low energy consumption and the like.


This is a case study (Assentamento 16 de Marco, Pontao, RS, Brazil) which analyses how the reproduction process of a specific memory assumes strategic functions of social control. On one hand, it look for the ways the MST (Landless Workers Movement), articulating a set of initiatives, builds and spread a groups social memory, in order to build its socio-political identity, and consequently, assure that the settled farmers continue to belong to MST. On the other hand, the study points out the emergency, opposing the hegemonic memory, of a dissonant and politically subaltern memory. Finally the objective is to show how past reconstruction work is inserted into the net of present political battles, which moves throughout that social space.


By using Energy Efficient Modified Prim's Routing algorithm, the optimized network is tried to be find out. Modified Prim's algorithm is used in a graph for data transmission from one node to another in the form of minimum cost spanning tree. Cost is considered as energy level of edge. In the graph, shortest path according to energy level for sending and receiving the data packet is to be established. Also try to avoid those nodes which have been participated with high energy level edges in the path. So balanced energy consumption among the nodes in selection of the minimum energy level path from sender to receiver is obtained. This energy efficient approach for routing overcomes the problem of energy dissipation for some specific nodes and also evaluate the performance of the network such as throughput, byte received and signal received in the network by varying the pause time and number of nodes. Also compare the performance of proposed algorithm with AODV and DSR algorithm.