In order to develop elementary school children's environmental citizenship, the 21st century teachers have to improve their own environmental literacy, and electronic sensors can have an important role in that improvement. The research presented in this paper describes an environmental education project that uses electronic sensors to support future teachers in thinking globally, while sensing and acting in their local environment. Future teachers used sound sensors, temperature sensors, as well as carbon dioxide sensors, together with smartphones, to explore natural and urban systems in order not only to characterize these systems, but also to: i) understand ecosystems' services and interconnectedness; ii) identify environmental problems; and plan related solutions in what concerns climatic comfort and air quality. The data acquired and produced in ecosystems' explorations were selected and are presented in this paper, as well as the related interpretations. The learning results are related to: i) the local characterization of a natural ecosystem and of the teachers' education school campus; ii) the differences and relations between Lisbon urban systems and the neighboring natural ecosystems; iii) the identification of interventions to improve environmental quality of the campus. This research contributed to validate the use of electronic sensors and smartphones as a useful strategy to produce environmental information about the explored ecosystems, to link local and global approaches in environmental education, as well as to support students' actions, planned to enhance the Campus environment.


HKE01 and (b) fine-grained CAI, HKE02, from Efremovka, with Mg (red), Ca (green), and Al (blue). Yellow box in (a) indicates the area shown in (b). AL−MG SYSTEMATICS OF NEBULAR CONDENSATES IN THE EFREMOVKA CV3 CHONDRITE. N. Kawasaki and H. Yurimoto , Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan. (firstname.lastname@example.com), Natural History Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.


Data on pondfish production and on industrial Þsh farms are provided in the article, investigations into aquaculture breeder Þsh condition in Russian Federation have been generalized as well. Up-to-date breeding-genetic methods, used in Þsh breeding, have also been analyzed. Priorities on preservation of a domestic gene pool in Þshes are set. Strategic principles ofÞsh gene pool protection, and also ways of both preservation and restoration of vanishing species and degrading Þsh breeds are deÞned as well.


The design of a high-speed single-ended parallel interface using conventional package and board technologies is presented. The system uses asymmetrical architecture where the equalization and timing adjustment circuits for both memory WRITE and READ transactions are on the controller to reduce the memory cost. The analysis and optimization steps employed to mitigate the effect of inter-symbol interference, crosstalk, and supply noise are discussed. The impact of data encoding techniques on system timing margin is also investigated. The designed single-ended signaling was able to achieve a reliable communication at a data rate of 12.8 Gbps over a graphics channel. Several of the noise reduction techniques were also verified with measurement made on a prototype system.


We present recent results from the Wide-Field Imaging Interferometry Testbed (WIIT). The data acquired with the WIIT is "double Fourier" data, including both spatial and spectral information within each data cube. We have been working with this data, and starting to develop algorithms, implementations, and techniques for reducing this data. Such algorithms and tools are of great import for a number of future missions, including the Space Infrared Interferometric Telescope (SPIRIT), the Submillimeter Probe of the Evolution of Cosmic Structure (SPECS), and the Terrestrial Planet Finder Interferometer (TPF-I)/Darwin. Recent results are discussed and future study directions are described.


Abstract : Rapid prophylactic digitalization of a normal heart may be a helpful pharmacologic device in elucidating the mechanism of action of other cardiotropic chemical substances. The objective of this study was to determine whether the effects of acetyl strophanthidin (AS) can be assessed under such conditions. It was concluded that the ED50 of AS for producing ventricular arrhythmias in normal dogs is 54.5 micrograms/kg/iv. Doses up to and including those that cause ventricular tachycardia do not produce either atrial arrhythmias or significant conduction disturbances. Although the classical digitalis-induced rate and EKG waveform changes may appear after administration of AS, they have no value in predicting the subsequent development of ventricular arrhythmias. As the administered dose of AS is increased, there are no signs produced in the dog which precede and warn of the toxic dose. (Author)


Lin Biao - the man and his context Lin Biao during the active phase of the Cultural Revolution, 1966-68 Lin Biao during the construction of the new order, 1969-71 conclusion - Western assumptions and Chinese realities.


In 1993, Dr. David Simons welcomed this literature review column with great enthusiasm (1). During the following 14 years, he has introduced the readers of this journal to numerous new studies, reviews, and case reports in the field of myofascial pain with ever growing enthusiasm. The number of high quality papers increased dramatically, offering further substantiation of the myofascial concepts he helped pioneer with Dr. Janet Travell after meeting her during the early 1960s. Even a quick glance at the previous reviews illustrates how much progress has been made during the past decade. At this point in time, Dr. Simons has decided to step down as a featured reviewer of the myofascial pain literature. On behalf of the subscribers of the journal, we would like to offer our sincere gratitude to Dr. Simons for all his contributions to the Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain and to the field of myofascial pain in general. His pointed commentaries and insights will be missed from these pages!


Finding Heritage through Fiction in Dracula Tourism investigates heritage in the context of tourism that visits sites in Romania connected either with Bram Stoker's fictional vampire or with Vlad t...


[Objective] The research aimed to study the methods for determination of As,Hg,Pb,Cd and Cr in soil.[Method] The heavy metal elements in soil were analyzed by means of microwave-assisted digestion with AFS and AAS.And the results were compared with ICP-MS.[Result] Soil samples were digested completely with 3 ml HNO3 and 1 ml HF,and it showed that there wasn't big difference to analyze the standard soil with AFS,AAS and ICP-MS.All the results were inside the bound of uncertainty,the relative standard deviations were less than 5% and the recoveries were all above 90% in the spiking recoveries research on soil.[Conclusion] The methods to analyze As,Hg,Pb,Cd and Cr in soil by means of microwave-assisted digestion with AFS and AAS were simple,fast,accurate and completely suitable to detect soil sample.


............................................................................................................... 9 Chapter 1: Introduction .................................................................................... 17 1.1 Aging ........................................................................................................ 20 1.1.1 Definition and model systems ................................................................ 20 1.1.2 Chronological and replicative aging ....................................................... 26 1.1.3 Apoptosis ................................................................................................ 31 1.1.4 Calorie restriction ................................................................................... 36 1.1.5 Medium acidification .............................................................................. 41 1.1.6 Regulation of metabolism ....................................................................... 44 1.2 Yeast stationary phase ............................................................................. 49 1.2.1 Stationary phase....................................................................................... 49 1.2.2 Carbon metabolism: glycolysis, fermentation, respiration .................... 55 1.3 Sirtuins ..................................................................................................... 63 1.3.1 The Sirtuins family .................................................................................. 63 1.3.2 Influence on the cell metabolism............................................................. 69 1.4 Scope of this thesis ................................................................................... 75 1.5 References ................................................................................................ 77 Chapter 2: PAPER I Lack of Sir2 increases acetate consumption and decreases extracellular pro-aging factors ............................................................................................... 95 2.1 Abstract .................................................................................................... 97 2.2 Introduction ............................................................................................. 98 2.3 Materials and Methods.......................................................................... 101 2.3.1 Yeast strains and growth conditions..................................................... 101 2.3.2 Ethanol and acetate pulses .................................................................... 102 2.3.3 Metabolite measurements ..................................................................... 103 2.3.4 Enzyme assays ....................................................................................... 103 2.3.5 Immunoprecipitation and Western analysis ........................................ 103 2.3.6 Acetic acid sensitivity ............................................................................ 104 2.3.7 CLS determination ................................................................................. 104


The article proves scientifically the necessity of studying the "History of Pedagogy" subject, that will allow the future professional pedagogues to form their scientific views and systems of appraisals and estimations. The article reveals a powerful didactic and educational potential of the "History of Pedagogy" subject for the professional and educative training of future teachers, and all those working in the system of Public education.


The present invention relates to anti-corrosive and virus disinfection purposes in the production process of the yellow soil material processing using a yellow soil, and sodium hydroxide and the yellow soil material processing. The invention also relates to functional products, including anti-bacterial, virus disinfection and anti-corrosive effect the method for producing a high alkaline water, the alkaline water produced by the above method and using this, the loess workpiece. Production method of the yellow soil material processing and alkaline ionized water using the same according to the present invention can dramatically reduce the manufacturing cost by reducing the reaction time, lowering the reaction temperature as compared to the conventional process, a yellow soil material processing and alkaline ionized water produced by the above method antibacterial, and anti-corrosive and virus disinfection effect is excellent and harmless virus epidemic prevention agents, food preservatives, natural pesticides and natural fertilizers, eco-friendly construction material, tide / algae control agents, cosmetic additives, rust inhibitors such as health care and enrichment fisheries etc. in can be widely applied in many fields.


The article discusses some works on priest Pavel Florensky's philosophical and theological legacy of the 1930s–2020s. The author of the article has examined changes in the perception of Florensky and his ideas among Russian émigré philosophers as well as in Soviet and post-Soviet Russia. The difference in such assessments is clearly visible in two reviews of 1930 of the priest's book called The Pillar and Ground of the Truth. The review written by G.V. Florovsky has a critical bias, while that of V.N. Ilyin is very positive. We find a more comprehensive expression of Ilyin's attitude to Florensky in the article Father Pavel Florensky. The Silenced Great Miracle of Twentieth Century Science (1969). The works published in the Russian emigration are characterized by subjectivity due to lack of sources, as most of Florensky's works remained unpublished. In Soviet Russia, one of the most famous works about Florensky was S.S. Khoruzhy's book named Florensky's World View (1999). In this book, Father Pavel's worldview was reconstructed from the perspective of "existential" experience. S.M. Polovinkin gave another, "personalistic" interpretation in his book Christian Personalism of Priest Pavel Florensky (2015). Hegumen Andronik (Trubachev) was the first to highlight the significance of anthropodicy and its connection with theodicy in his work Theodicy and Anthropodicy in Priest Pavel Florensky's Works (1998). He presented Florensky's worldview as a system of concrete metaphysics, combining theodicy and anthropodicy. Moreover, he refuted the popular misconception of Florensky's philosophy as "the allunity metaphysics." Further, Hegumen Andronik wrote a fundamental work on Florensky's life and works that he named The Way to God (2012–2020). The present article states that Hegumen Andronik's work trailed the path to objective research, overcoming the inertia of thought that arose from bias and lack of sources.


A potato cultivar designated E12 is disclosed. The invention relates to tubers of potato cultivar E12, to seeds of potato cultivar E12, to plants and plant parts of potato cultivar E12, to food products produced from potato cultivar E12, and to methods for producing a potato plant by crossing potato cultivar E12 with itself or with another potato variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a transgenic potato plant and to the transgenic potato plants and parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to potato plants and plant parts derived from potato cultivar E12, to methods for producing other potato plants or plant parts derived from potato cultivar E12 and to the potato plants and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid potato tubers, seeds, plants and plant parts produced by crossing potato cultivar E12 with another potato cultivar.


Objective:To compare the effects of different angiotensin receptor blockers-based regimens with valsartan, eprosartan or losartan on LVH and NT-proBNP levels in hypertensives with preserved LV systolic function.Design and method:154 hypertensive patients (56,5% of men; mean age 53,6 ± 0,5 years) wit


Experiments and modelling have been carried out to optimize the magnetic field null during breakdown at JET. Such optimization may prove to be essential for reliable plasma initiation at low voltages, e.g. in ITER where the value of the electric field available will be limited to 0.33 V m−1. A two-dimensional FEM electromagnetic model has been employed to predict the stray field configuration during JET breakdown. This model includes the active poloidal field circuits, a description of the passive structure and the JET magnetic circuit. In particular, the model includes the gap at the top of the iron circuit (but not at the bottom), which introduces a perturbing field, with radial and vertical components, not previously considered. A number of experiments were run using the optimized magnetic null configuration, allowing one to achieve a more robust breakdown at a low electric field. The model calculation to adjust the magnetic null position was validated using the recordings from a fast visible camera. The optimized position and dynamics of the plasma start lead to a smoother behaviour of the JET radial field control system, far from the amplifier limits. Finally, an important indication was obtained on the precision needed for the active current measurements during the low electric field breakdown relevant from the perspective of the ITER real-time acquisition system.


This paper will present guidelines for developing processes that use thermosetting and photosensitive developer-soluble bottom anti-reflective coatings (BARCs). Process considerations for a dry etch BARC (dry BARCs) are distinctly different from those required for developer-soluble BARCs (DS-BARCs). Developing a process for a dry BARC is straightforward and can occur rather quickly once resist compatibility has been established. Developing a process for thermosetting developer-soluble BARCs (TDSBARC) takes more time due to the need to optimize bake temperature, bake time and developer conditions. TDS-BARCs have been used in early generations of lithography (g-line, i-line, and KrF) and are well understood. Designing a process utilizing a photosensitive developer-soluble BARCs (PDS-BARC) for use in ArF technology is more complex than for its BARC predecessors. Though the development nature of a PDS-BARC is more anisotropic, post-exposure baking parameters and acid diffusion must be optimized. Even though the process development becomes more complex as technology advances, the processes can actually improve isotropic versus anisotropic development and bake windows. In this paper we present the advantages of using a DSBARC in the implant process to overcome issues including CD control and topography. The differences between developing processes using dry and TDS-BARCs will also be explored. Moreover, differences in processing TDS-BARCs and PDS-BARCs will be described based on resist/BARC compatibility, BARC thickness, topography issues, and bake sensitivity. Finally, advantages and disadvantages of using PDS-BARCs compared to TDS-BARCs will be discussed.


The effect of ageing on the dissipative properties of getinacks subjected to repeated static loading has been investigated. Specimens were tested at the age of 1, 4, and 8 years. The approximation of experimental data is done, and the energy of dissipation is calculated. Based on the investigation of getinacks manufactured by the technology of regulated thermo-pressing, this technology can be recommended for the manufacturing of appropriate products.The results of experimental investigation of the effect of temperature field on the dissipative properties of layered getinacks widely applicable in electrical manufacturing, electronics and microelectronics are considered in this paper. The approximation of the experimentally obtained dependences between σ and e for the loading (→) and unloading (←) parts of the hysteresis loop are calculated and plotted. The factor of energy dissipation is defined. Estimated that the temperature field affects the dissipative properties of the layered getinacks and that effec...


Sport management refers to the management of various business functions in sports and recreation organizations. Depending on their specific job title, sport management professionals might plan, direct, organize or budget within a sports-related organization. Sports should be a major part of the school curriculum because if students stay emotionally and physically healthy, they can easily focus on their studies.
Softball is a modified form of baseball, played on a smaller field with a larger, softer ball, seven rather than nine innings, and with underarm pitching. There are two main types of softball: fast pitch and slow pitch. Softball differs from baseball in that the pitchers throw underhand (with hand below shoulder level).
Objectives of the study are: - To study Overall system of District Sport office, Jalgaon, To study the role of sports in life and its importance and To study information about soft ball tournament.
Researcher observe the eligibility criteria for enrolling and also procedure of enrolment. There is general procedure of tournament which have some limitations. Some changes are required in selection method of team members. The case study analysis of the Sports Management by the District Sports Office in Jalgaon with reference to the Softball tournament exemplifies effective planning, execution, resource management, stakeholder engagement, promotion, and continuous improvement. These factors played a pivotal role in the successful organization and execution of the tournament, showcasing the District Sports Office's competency in sports management.
• A player can participate in any one age group in one sport. School competition will be organized in under 11, 14, 17, 19 age groups. If the match is tied during the tournament, then as per the rules of the single District/State Association of that sport the result will be given.
• Taluka level competition, venue will be decided by Taluka Sports Committee. In school sports competition, travel, accommodation, food expenses and state level travel expenses from taluka level to division level are to be borne by the concerned institution/school/college. Accommodation and food arrangements for state level competition will be intimated to you by letter of players in the prescribed sample of Sports Authority of India before proceeding to the Divisional / State level competition


Disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention is an information carrying method, comprising: receiving a signal carrying a user signal residence time; counting a node cascade residence time accumulation value of the signal during transmission; updating, according to the node cascade residence time accumulation value, the user signal residence time; and transmitting the signal carrying the updated user signal residence time. Also disclosed in embodiments of the present invention are an information carrying network architecture and storage medium.


The utility model relates to an aluminium window of a railway coach, which comprises a fixed window and a movable window sash, wherein, the movable window sash is connected to the outer frame of the fixed window through two pairs of hinges, and the hinges can cause the movable window sash to turn over inwards and to be opened for ventilating. The fixed window and the movable window sash are totally provided with toughening hollow glass and a special-shaped glass sealing rubber strip, and the surrounding of the outer frame of the fixed window and the movable window sash is also provided with a sealing rubber strip; the movable window sash is provided with a window lock and a pressing handle to cause the movable window sash to be tightly attached with the outer frame of the window after the movable window sash is closed. The utility model has the advantages of good rigidity, light weight, good airtightness, good water tightness, convenience for replacing the glass, convenience for refitting the aluminum window of the railway coach, simple structure and low cost.


This paper documents the evolution of system performance in an operating system from its initial use by a few friendly users in October 1978 to its present state. The system, DEMOS, was developed for the Cray Research Inc. (CRI) Cray-1 computer at the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory (LASL) by staff members in the LASL Computer Science and Services Division. Some important features of DEMOS architecture are described. It is shown how the robustness in the design permitted major reduction in overhead to be achieved with only minor software changes. Particular emphasis is placed on file system design and performance because much of the system overhead reduction occurred as a result of changes to this system component. Also, some predictions are made regarding performance resulting from proposed modifications. 8 figures.


Franchising some and owning other outlets is considered a performance-enhancing strategy relative to owning all outlets. Few studies explored when franchising reduces firm performance, however. We fill this gap by using two moderators: brand diversification and geographic dispersion. Using a sample of restaurant firms for the 1997-2012, we find that brand diversification and geographic dispersion moderate the relationship between franchising and firm financial performance through a three-way interaction. In line with our predictions, for firms with high geographic dispersion, the influence of franchising is more negative when combined with high brand diversification. Results were similar for franchising firms with low geographic dispersion and high brand diversification. Overall, findings indicate that franchising is not always performance enhancing. Thus, franchising restaurant firms should exercise some caution prior to executing a multi-branding strategy.


The invention discloses a sugarcane soil-testing fertilizer, wherein the total weight of a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphorus fertilizer and a potassium fertilizer accounts for 51% of the total weight of the fertilizer, N:P:K=25:10:16. The sugarcane soil-testing fertilizer is researched according to the fertility situation of soil in Guangxi province and the fertilizer demand characters of sugarcane and is sufficient in nutrient. The fertilizer, when being applied by 100 kg per mu, achieves the effects of 54 kg of high-quality urea per mu, 300 kg of a Ca-Mg-P fertilizer per mu and 27 kg of a potassium fertilizer per mu, so that the fertilizer not only can satisfy the requirement on nutrients during the growth period of one year (without fertilizer short), but also can avoid waste and loss of the fertilizer due to blind fertilization. Meanwhile, the fertilizer is significant in production increasing effect, is significant in growth when compared with a common fertilizer and can increase the yield of sugarcane by more than 1 ton per mu.


The concept of a hybrid (solid/gas) laser chain allows combining a highly developed and robust solid-state laser technology for the femtosecond pulse generation and pre-amplification with a gaseous gain medium, which allows the direct injection and amplification of high-intensity ultrashort optical pulses and is considered to be applied in the final stages of a laser chain. Moreover, application of the photochemically driven ultra broadband laser transitions of excimer molecules, such as XeF(C-A) (transition center wavelength λ<inf>0</inf>= 480 nm, spectral bandwidth Δλ= 70 nm, saturation fluence ε<inf>s</inf>= 0.05 J/cm2), Kr<inf>2</inf>F (λ<inf>0</inf>= 420 nm, Δλ= 80 nm, εs= 0.2 J/cm2), and/or Xe<inf>2</inf>Cl (λ<inf>0</inf>= 510 nm, Δλ= 100 nm, ε<inf>s</inf>= 0.15 J/cm2), promises obtaining optical pulses exceeding petawatt peak powers with pulse duration shorter than 10 fs. [1,2] The spectral bandwidths of the cited transitions match the second harmonic of the Ti:Sapphire laser offering a rather simple and robust technical solution for the seed pulse generation, which consists in the use of a femtosecond Ti:Sa master oscillator with further frequency doubling after the pre-amplification stage. [3,4] Note also, that the nonlinear frequency conversion also favors attaining a high temporal contrast of amplified pulses.


Long cycling lifespan is a prerequisite for practical lithium–sulfur batteries yet is restricted by side reactions between soluble polysulfides and the lithium‐metal anode. The regulation on solvation structure of polysulfides renders encapsulating polysulfides electrolytes (EPSE) as a promising solution to suppress the parasitic reactions. The solvating power of the solvents in the outer solvent shell of lithium polysulfides is critical for the encapsulation effect of EPSE. Herein, 1,1,2,2‐tetrafluoroethyl‐2,2,3,3‐tetrafluoropropyl ether (HFE) is demonstrated as a superior outer‐shell solvent to construct EPSE. Based on the large steric hindrance of the fluorohydrocarbon chains, the electron‐withdrawing perfluoro segment (CF2 further endows HFE with prominently weak solvating power. The HFE‐EPSE improves the lifespan from 54 to 135 cycles for lithium–sulfur batteries with an ultrathin lithium‐metal anode (50 µm) and high‐areal‐loading sulfur cathode (4.4 mg cm−2). Furthermore, a 334 Wh kg−1 lithium–sulfur pouch cell (2.4 Ah level) with HFE‐EPSE stably undergoes 25 cycles. This work demonstrates the role of weakening solvating power of outer‐shell solvents to construct superior EPSE and inspires the significance of the solvation chemistry of polysulfides to achieve practical lithium–sulfur batteries.


Samle [S] has recently shown how to estimate the average number of pivot steps in Lemke's algorithm for the linear complementarity problem (LCP) in terms of the "volumes" of certain cones. In this paper we discuss the notion of average volumes of cones, and give two applications to the LCP.


The application of classified information carriers in the army is more and more extensive, so how to destroy the out-of-date carriers effectively will concern the safety of the national defense undertaking. The main revealing channel of the classified information at present was analyzed at first in the text, the managing focal point and the destroying necessity for the classified information carriers were pointed out. Then, the destroying methods of the storage mediums were studied in detail. Through compare, the best destroying method was educed: the magnetic mediums can adopt the method that structuring the return circuit of RCL to emerge the twinkling strong magnetic field to achieve demagnetize destroying the medium; the non-magnetic medium can adopt the method of machinery crush to achieve destroying the medium.


Abstract : A numerical solution for the transient vibration of an arbitrary shell of revolution, surrounded by an acoustic medium, has been formulated in terms of the conformally mapped acoustic equations, fluid shell boundary conditions and spectral representation of the shell displacements. the technique readily includes the boundary condition at infinity, internal shell structure and is exact to within those approximations implicit in the finite difference method. (Author)


The historical background of the development of the vertical-flow interrupter for ``oil-poor'' circuit breakers is reviewed. A description of the interrupter and its theory of operation is given. The application of two of these interrupters to a 138-kv 1½-million-kva ``oil-poor'' porcelain-clad circuit breaker is shown, together with laboratory test results. A review is given of important field tests on a 138-kv single-pole unit, tested line to ground on a large 220-kv operating system up to approximately 2¼ million three-phase kva. Magnetic and cathode-ray oscillograms of these tests are shown.


The present invention relates to a tension coating composite for a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, a method of forming a tension coating of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet using the same, and a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet manufactured by the method. The tension coating composite contains colloidal silica, metal phosphate, organic modified colloidal silica, and an oxidation promoter, in which the organic modified colloidal silica is obtained by substituting a part of oxygen of the colloidal silica with an organic matter.


Graph convolutional neural networks (CNNs) use data that is supported on an arbitrary graph rather than a grid. Most current approaches to classification on graph data use spectral domain based graph CNNs and do not work for directed graphs. A more recent approach, topology adaptive graph convolution networks (TAGCN), uses graph based convolution from graph signal processing defined in the vertex domain instead of the spectral domain. In this paper, we use TAGCN to classify different time periods during the week based on New York City taxi data defined on a directed graph. We achieve an accuracy of 88% using a single graph convolutional layer. We classify the entire graph signal instead of classifying individual nodes in the graph.


BACKGROUND
Bicyclol is a novel synthetic 'anti-hepatitis' drug, used in China for chronic hepatitis C. Until now, systematic reviews on bicyclol therapy have not been performed.

OBJECTIVES
To study the benefits and harms of bicyclol for patients with chronic hepatitis C.

SEARCH STRATEGY
We searched The Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group Controlled Trials Register (July 2005), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials in The Cochrane Library (Issue 2, 2005), MEDLINE (1994 to July 2005), EMBASE (1994 to July 2005), Science Citation Index Expanded (1994 to July 2005), The Chinese Biomedical Database (1994 to August 2005), Chinese Journals Full-article Database (1994 to August 2005), VIP Chinese Science and Technique Journals Database (1994 to August 2005), and China National Infrastructure (CNKI) (1994 to August 2005). We also contacted manufacturers and researchers in the field.

SELECTION CRITERIA
Randomised clinical trials on bicyclol versus no intervention, placebo, or other interventions in patients with chronic hepatitis C were included, irrespective of blinding, publication status, or language.

DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
The primary outcome measures were total and liver-related mortality and liver-related morbidity (eg, cirrhosis and carcinoma). Secondary outcome measures were viral response and liver histology.

MAIN RESULTS
The search identified one randomised clinical trial comparing bicyclol with placebo for 39 patients with chronic hepatitis C. The follow-up was three months. In the trial, there was no evidence that bicyclol was superior to placebo for clearance of HCV RNA (RR 3.80, 95% CI 0.47 to 31.0) and anti-HCV antibodies, but bicyclol was associated with statistically significant decrease in alanine aminotransferase activity at 12-th week after treatment (WMD -69 IU/L, 95% CI -115 to -24).

AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
Only one randomised clinical trial has examined bicyclol for patients with chronic hepatitis C. This small, short-term trial found no evidence to support or refute its use. Large, randomised, double-blind clinical trials with long-term follow-up are needed to examine the possible benefits and harms associated with bicyclol. Bicyclol can only be recommended for use in randomised trials.


Ultra-thin silicon dies/wafers with thickness less than 30 μm are profoundly used in the 3D-integration (vertical stacking of functional chips) and in the optoelectronics, in order to reduce the interconnect length and the resistive-capacitive delay. However, to improve the quality and fabrication yield of the three-dimensional large-scale integration (3D-LSI) process, it is important to have very good mechanical properties of such ultra-thin dies. Mechanical properties of the ultra-thin dies such as Young modulus (using nano-indenter), residual stress (by laser micro-Raman spectroscopy), and also the crystal orientation (by using electron back-scatter diffraction) were investigated with respect to different die thinning processes (chemical mechanical polishing, plasma etching, dry polishing, kai-dry polishing, poly grinding, ultra-poly grinding, #2000, etc), for various wafer thicknesses (10 μm, 30 μm, 50 μm, 100 μm, 200 μm) and for the different kinds of the wafer (P/P+, P/P-, and wafer with internal gettering (IG) layer). The chemically-mechanically polished ultra-thin dies/wafers were found to be extraordinarily good in terms of mechanical strength as well as residual stress as compared to the ultra-thin dies/wafers fabricated by all other die thinning procedures.


This study's article is about the relationship of pychomotility with the learning process and his paper as a prevention in learning dificulties. It's a investigation about the moviment paper and body in child's development.


The history of iron and steel industry of Hebei Province is reviewed, the crisis very possibly occurring in the over-developing of iron and steel industry in recent past time pointed out, the prospect for Hebei's industry discussed from the angle of sustainable development.


In the first stage of the work, the hydraulic mechanism which controls the anticipated closure, has been designed by means of a mathematical model, adjusted with empirical data obtained from laboratory tests about the hydraulic behaviour of the main components: flow coefficients and time dependent behaviour of the electrical-hydraulic ports. A computational study of realistic variable valve timing engine performance was carried out by means of a wave action model based on the method of characteristics


With the purpose of making the verification of parameterized system more general and easier, in this paper, a new and intuitive language PSL (Parameterized-system Specification Language) is proposed to specify a class of parameterized synchronous systems. From a PSL script, an automatic method is proposed to generate a constraint-based symbolic model. The model can concisely symbolically represent the collections of global states by counting the number of processes in a given state. Moreover, a theorem has been proved that there is a simulation relation between the original system and its symbolic model. Since the abstract and symbolic techniques are exploited in the symbolic model, state-explosion problem in traditional verification methods is efficiently avoided. Based on the proposed symbolic model, a reachability analysis procedure is implemented using ANSI C++ on UNIX platform. Thus, a complete tool for verifying the parameterized synchronous systems is obtained and tested for some cases. The experimental results show that the method is satisfactory.


Trajectory-based methods offer an attractive methodology for automated, on-demand generation of macro-models for custom circuits. These models are generated by sampling the state trajectory of a circuit as it simulates in the time domain, and building macromodels by reducing and interpolating among the linearizations created at a suitably spaced subset of the time points visited during training simulations. However, a weak point in conventional trajectory models is the reliance on a single, global reduction matrix for the state space. We develop a new, faster method that generates and weaves together a larger set of smaller localized linearizations for the trajectory samples. The method not only improves speedups to 30times over SPICE, but as a side benefit also provides a platform for parametric small-signal simulation of circuits with variational device/process parameters, at a speedup of roughly 200times over SPICE


This paper presents an analytical approach for the stability and bifurcation analyses of nonlinear dynamic systems that have polynomial and trigonometric nonlinearities. The method ensures that all equilibrium points in a bounded region of the state space are found and yields arbitrarily tight bounds to the parameter points where the system exhibits local bifurcations. The solution method requires calculating and sequentially rening polynomial bounds of the trigonometric nonlinearities using Taylor expansions and Bernstein polynomials. The bounds supporting the resulting analyses, which are exempt from approximation and numerical error, can be made arbitrarily tight with additional computational eort. Due to the exponential complexity of the Bernstein expansion, the methodology is applicable to systems with a moderate number of states and bifurcating parameters.


The invention provides a machine vision method for identifying the dial plate information of a multi-pointer instrument. The machine vision method mainly comprises the following steps of: acquiring an image containing information of the multi-pointer instrument, preprocessing the acquired image, positioning and marking a dial plate of the multi-pointer instrument in the image, segmenting the dialplate of the instrument in the image of the dial plate of the multi-pointer instrument, carrying out mathematical morphological filtering, extracting pointer characteristics in the dial plate by means of a human-eye-vision based jumping searching pointer and a human-eye-vision staring characteristic, calculating readings of the pointers of the instrument and the like. The machine vision method provided by the invention can be used for automatically carrying out vision identification on the information of the dial plate of the multi-pointer instrument in one image, and has the advantages of high degree of automation, accuracy in measurement, high efficiency and the like; and compared with the detection method in which one image and one instrument are provided in single-pointer instrument detection at present, the invention improves the utilization rate of the pointer instrument detection equipment and reduces the instrument detection cost.


We show that a critical factor deciding the controllability of a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) in a wind power system is the ratio of its leakage reactance to resistance. If this ratio is high then the DFIG has two uncontrollable slow resonant modes. In that situation any type of control action for attenuating disturbances inside the wind farm becomes impossible. In order to prevent this uncontrollability, we propose to add a back-to-back (B2B) converter in the stator line of the DFIG. This new converter has two benefits: 1) it improves the controllability of the wind farm significantly and 2) its signal-flow diagram reveals a cascade structure where the grid is shown to impact the DFIG dynamics, but not vice versa. The cascade structure also enables one to design controllers for regulating the DFIG currents and its dc-link voltages in a completely modular and plug-and-play fashion. We illustrate various implementation aspects of this control mechanisms via numerical simulations of the IEEE 68-bus power system model with one wind farm.


The invention discloses a diamine monomer containing a 4-dimethylamine-substituted tetraphenyl-p-phenylenediamine structure and a preparation method and application of the diamine monomer containing the 4-dimethylamine-substituted tetraphenyl-p-phenylenediamine structure and belongs to the technical field of organic compound preparation. The preparation method includes firstly, subjecting N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine and p-fluoronitrobenzene to nucleophilic substitution under the action of catalysis of triethylamine so as to obtain 4-dimethylamine-4'-nitrodiphenylamine; secondly, enabling 1,4-diiodobenzene and the 4-dimethylamine-4'-nitrodiphenylamine to undergo Ullmann reaction so as to obtain N,N'-bis(4-nitrobenzene)-N,N'-bis(4-dimethylamine)-1,4- phenylenediamine; finally, subjecting a dinitro compound to stannous chloride reduction so as to obtain a N,N'-bis(4-aminobenzene)-N,N'-bis(4-dimethylamine)-1,4-phenylenediamine solid. The diamine monomer of the peculiar structure enables a prepared polymer to have excellent thermal performance and demonstrate optical change and multiple electrochromic properties in near infrared regions, thereby being huge in application potential in the fields of photoconductors, hole transport, electrochromism and the like.


In recent years, the rapid accumulation of biological data and the corresponding enormous growth in the number of published research papers has rendered data annotation and literature searching immensely laborious tasks. The problems are particularly acute for biocurators, who often need to move quickly and easily, say, from a set of biomolecular sequences, to relevant literature search terms, and thence to a core set of informative sentences that might help their annotation efforts. To this end, the authors have developed MINOTAUR, a Web-based assistant tool that helps biologists and biocurators to find relevant facts in online databases and biomedical literature abstracts. The software takes a variety of inputs (sequences, keywords, etc.), ranks returned documents according to relevance, and then extracts pertinent sentences using machinelearning and rule-based sentence-classification systems. These may be collated and presented as blocks of text to seed manual-annotation processes. The suite is available for interactive use at http://www.bioinf. manchester.ac.uk/dbbrowser/minotaur/about.html DOI: 10.4018/ijsbbt.2012010101 2 International Journal of Systems Biology and Biomedical Technologies, 1(1), 1-10, January-March 2012 Copyright © 2012, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. information automatically from the biomedical literature. Some of these have approached the problem as a traditional text-mining task, producing tools to address information retrieval (e.g., ReleMed (Siadaty et al., 2007), PubFocus (Plikus et al., 2006) and MedBlast (Tu et al., 2004)) and/or entity recognition as a prelude to information extraction (e.g., iHOP (Hoffmann & Valencia, 2004), Whatizit (Rebholz-Schuhmann et al., 2008), Textpresso (Muller et al., 2004) and EBIMed (Rebholz-Schuhmann et al., 2007)). Other systems, such as BioRat (Corney et al., 2004) and ASSERT (Ananiadou et al., 2009), have adopted more 'synthetic' approaches, endeavouring to provide summaries that obviate the need for users to read entire articles, or sets of articles. The intractability of natural language to computational analysis is well-known – the hurdles it poses to algorithmic attack are simply enormous. Initiatives like these are therefore extremely valuable, and the tools that have been produced represent important steps forward along the path to fully automatic annotation processes of the future. However, the primary focus of each of these pieces of software has tended to be on one part of a biocurator's typical annotation 'workflow'; to get to useful or informative sentences within relevant literature, therefore, curators routinely have to 'mix and match', using a number of different tools to address particular tasks within their annotation pipelines. Faced with the growing quantities of data yielded by today's high-throughput biology, this can be a disjointed, relentlessly timeconsuming and often demoralising process. Other, 'real life', systems have been developed for more general audiences, and hence tend to summarise the rather more general results and/or news feeds from Internet search engines: e.g., Shablast, which uses Microsoft's Bing search engine; or the Ultimate Research Reporter, which combines Internet search with text-mining techniques, concept extraction, text summarisation, tag clouds, etc., to provide an 'easy to understand research report'. While handy organisers for generic search results, providing overarching definitions and ordered lists of links to relevant sites and documents, such tools are of limited value for biomedical researchers. Specifically, they do not harness information directly from the primary sequence archives, nor from the biomedical literature cited within those archives, nor from the wider scientific literature relevant to entries within them. The suite we describe here, MINOTAUR, was designed for just this purpose, for the benefit of bench researchers and biomedical database curators whose daily work requires them to search, and to extract information from, such specialist resources. To avoid duplication of effort, the software builds on a number of existing components. The first of these, PRECIS (Mitchell et al., 2003), derives protein reports from information in Swiss-Prot, the manually annotated part of UniProtKB. The other two components, BioIE (Divoli & Attwood, 2005) and METIS (Mitchell et al., 2005), exploit the biomedical literature using templateand Support Vector Machine (SVM)-driven techniques: the former extracts sentences directly from PubMed abstracts; the latter specifically extracts sentences from those abstracts cited in UniProtKB:Swiss-Prot. As with the tools mentioned earlier, although useful for the specific tasks for which they were created, these components were not designed to work together as a coherent package; their inputs and outputs were hence rather different. MINOTAUR was therefore devised as a way of integrating selected elements of these tools in a synergistic fashion, and augmenting their functionality with a number of new modules and features. The software is wrapped within a visually simple interface that permits a number of sequenceand keyword-based entry points; allowing users to rapidly distil from the literature functional or structural insights on particular proteins or protein families, and to collate the gathered information into structured summaries, it acts as an effective assistant for manual annotation tasks.


In formulating strategy for installation of fiber facilities, the decision-maker should have a clear focus on policy developments which could affect his investment. This paper reviews developments as of August 1989 at the national level, and draws preliminary conclusions as to the implications for the industry.


Enzymes are able to catalyse a broad range of chemical transformations not only with impressive rate enhancements but also with both regioand stereo-selectivity and so are attractive candidates as practical alternatives to traditional small molecule catalysts. With applications as diverse as chemical synthesis, reagents for commercial products and biomedical research, and even therapeutics, there is a great demand for enzymes with both improved activity and novel catalytic function [1,2]. In theory, the properties of an enzyme can be altered by rational design; however, rational design is greatly hindered in practice by the complexity of protein function. With advances in molecular biology the possibility has arisen that an enzyme with the desired catalytic property can instead be isolated from a large pool of protein variants. Recently directed evolution has been used successfully to modify the substrate [3] or cofactor specificity [4] of an existing enzyme. These experiments, however, are limited to reactions that are inherently screenable or selectable-reactions where the substrate is a peptide [6,7] or the product is fluorescent [4] or an essential metabolite [3,8,9]. What is needed now to realize the power of directed evolution experiments are screening and selection strategies that are generalstrategies that do not limit the chemistry and that can readily be adapted to a new target reaction.


Moscow University Press has published a new textbook, Public Law of the Bourgeois Countries and of Countries Liberated from Colonial Dependence. (1) The very title of the textbook is evidence that the team of authors headed by Professor Mishin has abandoned the traditional organization of the course in public law of bourgeois countries by including among the problems studied the systems of public law of countries that upon liberation from colonial dependence took the political forms of bourgeois democracy or of established authoritarian political regimes. This grouping is entirely justified and is explained by the fact that all nonsocialist governmental systems have a number of significant common characteristics, above all the fact that they reinforce and protect the capitalist economic system and capitalist ownership of the implements and means of production.


Computer simulation methods are established as extremely useful approaches for understanding physical and chemical processes. Density functional theory is one of the most popular theoretical methods used to study a variety of systems, from gas phase molecules to bulk materials and surfaces. However despite its success, there remain challenges that must be resolved before density functional theory is generally applicable across all system types. In particular long range van der Waals dispersion forces and quantum nuclear effects are typically ignored by standard calculations, however as algorithms have matured and fast parallel computing resources are now more widely available it is possible to include these in simulations. We use state of the art methods to include van der Waals dispersion and quantum nuclear effects on a range of well defined model systems. By comparing with experiment whenever possible we provide new insight into how quantum tunnelling, zero point motion and long range dispersion forces can affect physical processes.


In this paper,the author analyses the concept of modern educational technology and educational change,emphatically describes the impact of modern educational technology on educational reform.The paper aims to help the teachers and students to have a broader understanding of the education technology in educational reform.


The invention discloses a meal replacement milk beverage and a preparation method thereof. The meal replacement milk beverage comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 35%-70% of raw material milk, 0.03%-0.08% of a thickener, 0.08%-0.15% of an emulsifier, 0.5%-2% of chia seeds, 0.5%-3% of oat grains, 0.2%-1% of highland barley powder, 0%-7% of a sweetener, 0%-2% of honey and the balance of water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, preheating the raw material milk to 75-80 DEG C, uniformly mixing the raw material milk with the thickener, the emulsifier, the sweetener and the highland barley powder, cooling, and homogenizing to obtain a premix; S2, heating the oat grains in hot water for 18-22 minutes, adding the chia seeds, and heating in the hot water for 8-12 minutes to obtain a grain mixture; S3, uniformly mixing the grain mixture, the honey and the premix, fixing the volume, standardizing, and performing immersion type ultrahigh-temperature instant sterilization. The meal replacement milk beverage is good in flavor, color and mouth feel and excellent in stability.


Musculoskeletal Disorders(MSDs) have been a growing problems with higher incidence rate every year. The 65% of all work-related diseases in the US has been MSDs since the middle of the 90s according to BLS(Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1995). The MSDs in Korea has been increased in recent 10 years as well. This study has tried to focus on job stress associated with MSDs that has not been usually studied before. Specifically job stress of workers at automobile manufacturing industry and relationship between job stress and symptoms of MSDs have been major concerns in this study. The workers had higher stress with longer working experience, longer working hours, and worse working environment. The job stress had strong association with the symptoms at hand, wrist and low back. Specifically, job stress factors such as job requirement and job future ambiguity had more effects on the symptoms of MSDs.


In this study, vinegar disinfection was evaluated as a novel method for the preparation of raw food ingredients used in foodservice operations. The test materials were washed and disinfected using three different methods, and were then stored at temperatures of for 7 days; Following storage, physicochemical and sensory characteristic comparisons were performed. Temperature for all test materials ranged between 15.2-20. , water activity was maintained near 0.96, and the pH levels of the samples were 6.44, 6.29, and 6.35, respectively. Residual chlorine levels were generally low, ranging between 0.01 and 0.02. The physicochemical qualities of the samples were evaluated according to the storage method and temperature. Brightness(L value), redness(a value), and yellowness(b value) tended to increase with increasing storage time. The evaluated sensory characteristics included appearance, color, smell, taste, texture, and overall acceptance. With regard to storage temperature the vinegar-treated samples were evaluated as superior, receiving a score of 7.00, and the ingredients stored at were evaluated as significantly (p< 0.001) superior to those stored at . Overall, vinegar is an effective disinfectant to apply in the preparation of raw vegetables that are typically served without heating, and which can cause serious food safety issues when contaminated.


Wood sector is characterized by a great source of waste generation. This way, the effective control of the productive activities is an essential condition for any company to compete in the market. The objective of the study was to evaluate the yield of raw material in percentage and financial terms of a clear blocks industry, in order to define the best variables for supplier, size and edger. The method involved the selection of variables of interest, edgers (up-down and down-up cuts), size (67 mm and 92 mm) and supplier (internal and external); the determination of the total percent yield and quality grade through the material balance and the financial means of the cost of raw materials, production costs and selling price. The analysis was performed by multifactorial analysis of variance and Tukey's test. The yield of raw materials in percentage terms found in the study demonstrated the superiority of the size 92 mm front and 67 mm, because of the increased use of parts. Concerning to the supplier, it was observed a better performance of the sternum against internal due to the quality of the wood, however, in financial terms, this situation was reversed due to the lower cost of raw material for domestic supplier. To the form of processing in the edger, unverified statistical difference between the two court systems.


With "advanced ability" as the guide, the reconstruction of the primary school education professional ability to cultivate the connotation, focusing on the completion of different stages to cultivate "ability as the most important" and primary school education master professional practice ability; building "plate type" primary school education master professional practice ability training program, based on general education, and wide-caliber professional education as the basic principle, combined with the full credit system of multi-level curriculum system; set up "action research" as the main method, and gradually form the ability to enhance the practice of education; the university, primary and middle schools "seamless docking" partnership. The results show that the research method of this paper is scientific, the design concept is advanced, and the practical teaching system is comprehensive and operable. It can make the practicality of primary education curriculum and the variability of environmental development diversified, and promote the ability of primary school teachers as an important role.


The choosing subject refers to as a question proposed by learners under the knowledge structure of their living times which is needed to solve in scientific understanding and practice.The importance of choosing subject is as follows: its value determines achievement of research,its importance determines research meaning,its depth determines the size of achievement.It also determines whether the research can success or not.There are mainly two principles to comply: the theoretical value and actual meaning of subject and the researchers' ideas.It mainly derives from four aspects: society's demand,conflict between theory and practice,conflict inherent in theory and practice.The art of choosing subject can be reflected in "Think big,start small at".


Present study was conducted to examine peace-teaching practices in public secondary schools of the Punjab, Pakistan. The whole procedure of the study was based on the 'affective phase' of Castro & Galace Model of Peace Education (CGMPE, 2010). Forty (40) education managers were interviewed for this purpose including 32 head teachers (16 males and 16 females) from 4 selected districts of the Punjab. The DEOs (SE) and CEOs of these districts were also interviewed. It was found that all the peace values were not equally focused during teaching learning activities in secondary schools. Commonly, teachers tried to promote the sense of 'cooperation', 'self-respect', 'ecological concern' and 'compassion' whereas' gender equality', 'global concern', 'openness and tolerance' and 'social responsibility' were not duly emphasized during teaching learning activities. The study is hoped to sensitize the education managers and the teachers to pay special attention towards teaching the ignored peace values.


Poly(diphenylamine-4,4′-diyl) receives electrochemical oxidation with Epa of about 0.6 V vs Ag/AgCl with a high doping level (number of positive charges stored per the repeating unit of the polymer) of about 2 in aqueous H2SO4 solutions. The oxidized polymer exhibits an electrical conductivity of 0.2 Scm-1 at room temperature and Arrhenius-type plots of the electrical conductivity give an activation energy of about 0.1 eV. The oxidized polymer film gives a positive Seebeck coefficient of about 50 µV·K-1.


Despite extensive research, optimal performance has not easily been available previously for matrix multiplication (especially for large matrices) on most architectures because of the lack of a structured approach and the limitations imposed by matrix storage formats. A simple but effective framework is presented here that lays the foundation for building high‐performance matrix‐multiplication codes in a structured, portable and efficient manner. The resulting codes are validated on three different representative RISC and CISC architectures on which they significantly outperform highly optimized libraries such as ATLAS and other competing methodologies reported in the literature. The main component of the proposed approach is a hierarchical storage format that efficiently generalizes the applicability of the memory hierarchy friendly Morton ordering to arbitrary‐sized matrices. The storage format supports polyalgorithms, which are shown here to be essential for obtaining the best possible performance for a range of problem sizes. Several algorithmic advances are made in this paper, including an oscillating iterative algorithm for matrix multiplication and a variable recursion cutoff criterion for Strassen's algorithm. The authors expose the need to standardize linear algebra kernel interfaces, distinct from the BLAS, for writing portable high‐performance code. These kernel routines operate on small blocks that fit in the L1 cache. The performance advantages of the proposed framework can be effectively delivered to new and existing applications through the use of object‐oriented or compiler‐based approaches. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Cation tracer diffusion of 138La, 84Sr and 25Mg in polycrystalline samples of doped lanthanum gallate, La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.9Mg0.1O2.9, was investigated by SIMS for temperatures between 900 °C and 1400 °C. It was found that diffusion takes place through the bulk and along the grain boundaries. The bulk diffusion coefficients are similar for all cations with activation energies which are strongly dependent on temperature. At high temperatures, the activation energies are about 4.5 eV, while at low temperatures values of about 1.5 eV are found. These results are explained by a frozen in defect structure at low temperatures. This means that the observed activation energy at low temperatures represents only the migration energy of the different cations while the observed activation energy at high temperatures is the sum of the defect formation energy and the migration energy. The migration energies of all cations are nearly identical, although 138La and 84Sr are occupying A-sites while 25Mg is occupying B-sites in the perovskite-structure. To explain these experimental findings we propose a defect cluster containing cation vacancies of both the A- and the B-sublattice and anion vacancies as well.


Way of human existence refers to human state in specific historical stage or under specific social status.It can be also expressed by humanity hypothesis,namely,natural man,rational man,economic man,and moral man,decided by humanity development.Harmonious man,as a specific way of human existence and a new humanity hypothesis in socialist harmonious society,is the criticism and transcendent to traditional humanity hypothesis.To study harmonious man from the perspective of humanity hypothesis may enrich the connotation of human studies to some extent,and may define social subject scientifically in socialist harmonious society,thus it is of theoretical significance and academic value.


Abstract : This thesis reports the findings of a simulation comparing network architecture configurations in terms of interactions and performance in the face of varying traffic demand. It models the U. S. Marine Corps Base Level Information Infrastructure using a top-down approach. Extend(R) queuing theory modeling software was used to decompose the network model with a bottom-up approach to testing and integration. Feasible network configurations were identified and modeled under varying load parameters. Asynchronous Transfer Mode was found to be suited as a distribution protocol at the infrastructure levels of backbone and area distribution node. Fast Ethernet and Ethernet were found to be 0 optimal at lower levels of infrastructure. Network design recommendations are made for network engineers.


An educational intervention for individuals with schizophrenia is described and evaluated in two groups of subjects: those with residual symptoms (n=18) and those without (n=10). Its impact was monitored on a number of variables including information assimilation, insight and attitude to medication compliance. Significant knowledge gains were observed in both groups in all information areas except aetiology; the greatest gains were in information about demography and coping. The 'symptom-free' group had consistently higher pre and post knowledge scores than the symptom group. The residual symptom group absorbed less information about symptoms than did the symptom group, suggesting a selectivity of information assimilation according to their pre-existing constructions of their illness. No significant changes in insight or medication compliance scores were observed for either group. The clinical significance of these findings and their implication for further research are discussed.


PBL( problem- based learning,PBL) is a problem-based,student-centered teaching method. It advocates students to solve problems through self-study,analysis,discussion and collaboration,cultivates the self-study ability and develops the capability of comprehensive thinking of students.Pathophysiology is a"bridge"subject communicating between clinical and basic medicine and the current teaching mode of pathophysiology is still mainly traditional classroom teaching. Because the content of pathophysiology is complex and abstract,the lecture effects on students are normally under expectation.Therefore,the introduction of PBL teaching method to the teaching of pathophysiology and the exploration of more suitable teaching methods to pathophysiology are of great significance.


The traditional method of calculating the friction coefficient of the liquid is to measure the moment of twist and the rotative velocity. With an example of rotative ball, this article presents a new simple method to calculate the above-mentioned coefficient that only the angle velocity of free rotative object should be measured.


A high bandwidth CMOS fully differential tunable Second Generation Current Conveyor (CCII) based Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA) is introduced. The fully differential OTA is realized using two single-ended CCIIs. The OTA is tuned via a variable MOS resistor. The transconductance gain (Gm) is varied from 300.64µA/V to 1011.07µA/V. The tunable OTA is used to realize a third order Gm-C low pass filter with tunable cut-off frequency. The tuning range of the filter's cut-off frequency varies from 48.42MHz to 130.32MHz. LTSPICE simulation results for both the OTA and the filter using the 90nm CMOS technology model with 1V single-ended voltage supply are presented.


The aim of this work was to develop light composites with properties of technological interest by using elastomers of different polarities. This was achieved by employing cellulose II, in the powder form, as filler in natural rubber (NR) and chloroprene (CR). Cellulose II was obtained by coagulation of cellulose xanthate solution, in acid medium, under stirring and at room temperature, which represents, to our knowledge, a new way of obtaining this type of filler. Composites with 10phr of cellulose II and NR or CR were prepared having the particle size as variable. The mechanical properties and the microscopic aspect of the different composites were evaluated and compared with compounds without filler. The results indicated best results for the CR composite, influenced by the polarity of the elastomeric matrix and by the particle size, as a consequence of the milling conditions of the filler used.


Objective:To explore the expression difference of nNav1.5 in human astrocytomas and normal brain tissue.Methods:Polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcription(RT-PCR) and western blot methods were performed to detect the expression level of nNav1.5 mRNA and protein.Results: nNav1.5 mRNA and protein could be detected in 30 human astrocytoma specimens and 8 normal brain tissues,but their expression values in astrocytomas were considerably higher than those in normal brain tissues(P0.01).And the expression values of nNav1.5 increased with the increasing of pathological grades.Conclusion: The expression level of nNav1.5 in astrocytomas were considerably higher than those in normal brain tissues,which may be related to glioma cell proliferation and invasion.


Chromium and its compounds are widely used in many industries in China and play a very important role in the national economy. At the same time, heavy metal chromium pollution poses a great threat to the ecological environment and human health. Therefore, it's necessary to safely and effectively remove the chromium from pollutants. In practice, there are many factors which influence the removal efficiency of the chromium. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between multiple factors and the removal efficiency of the chromium till now. To this end, this paper uses the green synthetic iron nanoparticles to remove the chromium and investigates the impacts of multiple factors on the removal efficiency of the chromium. A novel model that maps multiple given factors to the removal efficiency of the chromium is proposed through the advanced machine learning methods, i.e., XGBoost and random forest (RF). Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can predict the removal efficiency of the chromium precisely with given influencing factors, which is very helpful for finding the optimal conditions for removing the chromium from pollutants.


The paper is a study of the contrasting effects of peripheral vasomotion on "ganglionic blockade" versus catecholamine depletion. Displacement plethysmography was reported on ambient temperature in 19 subjects, and digital flow at a constant temperature of 72° with similar clothing and in the horizontal position in 10 subjects. At the conclusion of the plethysmography a crude sweating test was applied to hand and foot in 10 cases. Ganglionic blockade with hexamethonium intravenously, independent of its blood pressure lowering effect, resulted in a slight to moderate decrease in the flow in the index finger and a moderate to significant increase in the flow in the great toe. Normal sweating of the hand and abolition of sweating in the foot was first incidentally observed by noting the moist hand and the warm dry foot during the course of preliminary studies and confirmed by sweating. Catecholamine depletion by guanethidine or bethanidine showed no change in the peripheral vasomotion unless the brachial blo...


Adsorption of Isopropanol on the mercury electrode from HCI of Proaotoat using electrocaptJiary data shows that the Frumkin Isotherm Is foUowed, ht the lnteraetlon parameter varies with charge density. Tbe standard free energy of adsorption does not display either a quadratic or linear dependence on charge. By applying the surface pressure model of Parsons It was deduced that the adsorption Isotherms are not congruent with respect to charge. Results confirm the change In orientation with Increasing coverage due to polarlsallil!ty ell'ects. The model of the adsorption layer Is discussed on the basis of testing the congruence or Isotherms with respect to both potential and charge density over the polarisation range studied. The congruence or the Isotherms obtained for tbe adsorption or Isopropanol witb respect to potential Indicates that the adsorption layer Is prohLiy represented hy a two parallel capacitors model.


The grassland productivity and quality in northern farming-pastoral transitional zone decreased along with climate changes. The theoretical stocking rate could be calculated on the base of crop, natural and artificial grassland production potential, edible biomass and animal utilization. The theoretical and practical stocking rates were predicted according to climate change cycles. The practical stocking rate would reach the largest theoretical stocking rate in 2024, if the present quality and production structure were maintained.


ABSTRACT A synthetic aperture radar (SAR) target classification method is proposed by properly selecting multiple views via the nonlinear correlation information entropy (NCIE). The optimal subset of multi-view SAR images are selected, which are assumed to share stable inner correlations. The joint sparse representation is adopted as the basic classification scheme for the selected views to exploit their inner correlations. According to the total reconstruction error of the selected multi-view SAR images, the target label can be decided. The Moving and Stationary Target Acquisition and Recognition (MSTAR) dataset is employed to test the proposed method and the results validate the its superiority over some reference methods.


Most societies attempt to manage at least some of the behaviors of at least some of their citizens. To accomplish this, they have at hand the tool sets of education, marketing and law. This presentation. presents a theoretic base for the consideration of ethical behavior management. To that end, it considers a number of well-reasoned moral and political philosophy literatures, and what they might contribute to social marketing. Utilitarianism calls for the greatest good for the greatest number and suggests that the ends justify the means. Liberalism calls for a focus on individual rights and personal freedoms. Contextualism raises issues about these other philosophies by asking questions about: their meaning in a specific time and place; here, ethicality is judged in the framework of the customs of the culture.


Abstract : This report is one of a series that presents strength properties of materials designed to endure elevated temperatures. Strength properties and strength-exposure curves are given for an epoxy resin laminate with ERSB-0111 resin in conjunction with 181-S-HTS glass fabric. The data show the effects of temperature between 80 and 1,000 F., and exposure periods between 0.05 and 1,000 hours on the individual strength properties. The magnitude of the various effects may be judged separately. In general, the data show that all mechanical strengths, except tension at 0 F, decrease uniformly with increases in temperatures of short duration. The tensile strength remained relatively high until a critical exposure was reached and then displayed erratic characteristics. Other mechanical strengths above 400 F. decreased with increased exposure but peaked at about 100 hours.


A 9 year old girl presented with a resistent skin lesion after a holiday trip to Malta. The skin biopsy and the serum antibody screening revealed the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis. The initial therapeutic attempt with cryotherapy was discontinued because of ineffectiveness. Subsequent therapy with paromomycin and methylbenzethonium produced slow improvement.


Abstract Nanoporous graphene, a unique graphene nanostructure, has been frequently used to form nanocomposites. A very important application of polymer/nanoporous graphene nanocomposite has been observed in membrane sector. This state-of-the-art review highpoints design, features, and advanced functions of polymer/nanoporous graphene nanocomposite membranes. The nanoporous graphene derived nanocomposites brought about numerous revolutions in high-performance gas purification membranes as well as water permeation membranes. The structural diversity of polymer/nanoporous graphene nanocomposites has facilitated membrane separation processes especially in separation of anticipated gaseous molecules, ions, and water contaminants. Future research on innovative nanoporous graphene-based membrane may overcome design/performance related challenging factors for technical usages. Graphical Abstract


Objective
To investigate the effects of real-time anatomical demonstration and traditional teaching in otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery.

Methods
Students who studied this course from Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were divided into two groups: clinical students in 5-year program (n=22) were assigned to the experimental group and students from"5+3" stomatology major (n=35) were assigned to control group. Both groups had two class hours, with the same teacher teaching at the same day. Students in the experimental group were taught with theoretical teaching combined with real-time anatomical demonstration, while students in the control group was taught with traditional theoretical teaching with multimedia content. Students in the two groups completed the questionnaire and received quiz; SPSS 19.0 was used to perform the independent-samples T test of between-group data.

Results
According to the questionnaire, scores for different items of the teaching method in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group. But according to the examination scores, average scores of the theoretical examination in the control group was (85.143±8.268), which was obviously higher than that of (64.545±11.434) in the experimental group, with statistically significant differences (t=7.885, P=0.000).

Conclusion
Teaching effect combined with real-time anatomical demonstration is not obvious to short-term examination, which may be related to the short-term understanding and absorption of knowledge for students in different majors, but it is coherent with the difference of entrance-examination scores of students from the two groups. This teaching model can stimulate students' interest in learning, and help them choose their professions, which may have certain advantages in the future long-term teaching effect.

Key words:
Otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery; Anatomy; Real-time anatomical demonstration


This article is about the school for teachers in Kastav from its founding in 1906 until it was moved to Rijeka in 1947 using documents from the county of Kastav found in the State's archives in Rijeka and the archives of the School for teachers found in the archives of First Croatian Grammar School of Rijeka, which was its successor. The work of interns founded in 1884 in Kastav is also described, based on the documents from the grammar school's archives, so is the battle of leaders of Kastav for getting and keeping the school for teachers in their county and school's work noted in school's records. There are records missing from the State's archives in Rijeka; records from Kastav county's council after 1912, and there are only several records of meetings and memos in the grammar school's archives, so not all periods Ines Grgurina Prva riječka hrvatska gimnazija Frana Kurelca 1, HR-51000 Rijeka email@example.com Luka Tidić Savičentska 6, HR-52100 Pula firstname.lastname@example.com 168 Histria, 3, 2013. | Ines Grgurina, Luka Tidić are equally covered. By researching published literature and by comparing data, an attempt will be made to reconstruct the missing information. As a conclusion, an overview of the influence of politics, change of states and educational policies on the work of the school will be given. Ključne riječi: hrvatski nacionalni pokret, Kastav, pripravnica, učiteljska škola, talijanska okupacija, Rapalski ugovor, prva petoljetka


Annie On Ni Wan is an activist artist working in audiovisual art and research on interfaces for media art. She has received a Master of Science degree in Art and Technology at Innovative Design, Chalmers University of Technology in Sweden. Her recent works, including locative-media and interactive installations, have been shown in Mondal Museum, Sweden; Syndicate Potential, Strasbourg, France; at an interactive theater performance in Oslo, Norway; and in a locative-media project presentation in Berlin, Germany. She has received travel and project grants from various organizations in Hong Kong, Sweden and Norway, from the Nordic Fund and the EU Culture Fund. Her latest project, GeoLeds, has been presented and exhibited in the Art+Communication Festival 2004 in Riga, Latvia, Piksel 2004, FLOSS in Motion and BEK Bergen, Norway. Her kinetic art interface research paper, as well as part of her master's thesis "Positive/Negative Space," has been presented at the Multimedia Art Asia Pacific Conference 2004, Singapore. On Ni Wan is currently a Ph.D. candidate and teaching assistant at the Center for Digital Arts and Experimental Media (DXARTS), University of Washington, Seattle, with a full scholarship and a Top Scholar award.


Biological plant protection strategies includes using bio-control agents such as antagonists, beneficial micro-organisms etc. Bioagents reduces excessive use and misuse of synthetic fungicide and development of fungicide resistance in pathogen. Combination of fungicides and bioagents together can form an important component in effective and safe disease management strategies. Among the fungal biocontrol agents, Trichoderma spp. has acquired much importance (Papavizas, 1985; Sreenivasaprasad and Manibhushanrao, 1990). Major mechanisms used by Trichoderma against plant pathogens are mycoparasitism, antibiosis and competition nutrient and space and high reproduction rate. Trichoderma has been found to be effective against major soil borne diseases such as pre and post-emergence damping-off, caused by Pythium, Phytophthora and Rhizoctonia species, root rot, stem rot caused by Phytophthora, Sclerotinia, Sclerotium including, vascular wilts caused by Fusarium, Verticillium, and nematodes. In recent period International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 8 (2017) pp. 346-354 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


Abstract A new species of Metacyclops is described from hyporheic waters and small rock depression with leaf litter in North Vietnam, the Tam Đao Mountains). Metacyclops amicitiae sp. n. can be distinguished from its congeners by the unique combination of the following characters: 12-segmented antennule, distal segment of P4 endopodite bearing a single apical spine, and the surface ornamentation of the intercoxal sclerites in P1–P4 (pilose on the distal margin of P1-P4 and spinulose on the caudal surface of P4). The latter character separates the new Metacyclops from its closest relative, Metacyclops ryukyuensis, known only from the Ryukyu Islands (Ishigaki). The genus Metacyclops with the new species described herein is also for the first time recorded from Vietnam. An identification key is provided to the south and east Asian species of the genus.


This paper presents a simple algorithm for an automatic recognition of facial expressions. First we extract feature points, and then we define distances using these features. The variation of these distances is used to characterize the transition from one emotion to another. Our approach is based on the use of a hidden Markov model whose states can recognize facial expressions.


The changes in inorganic and organic phosphorus (P) fractions of soil resulting from long-term fertilization (40 years) were investigated. In order to improve understanding of the sink and sources of phosphorus, P-fractions were extracted from soil samples from depths of 0-30 and 30-60 cm with different amounts of monoammonium-phosphate (MAP) and then determined. The studied soil was of the Stagnosol type. Phosphate fertilizer was applied in 26, 39 and 52 kg P ha -1 amounts during a period of 40 years. Samples were subjected to sequential extraction according to a modified Chang and Jackson method and the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction procedure in order to extract different forms of phosphorus. The certified reference material CRM 684 (river sediment extractable phosphorus) was used to confirm the accuracy of the instrument and of both employed methods. Furthermore, the association of phosphorus with substrates was provided by comparison of the results of sequential methods of phosphorus species with the sequential extraction of metals (Fe, Al, Mn and Ca). The results of continuous fertilization during 40 years indicated increases of all forms phosphorus in the soil except of phosphorus bound to calcium and organic phosphorus. Appli- cation of higher amounts of P-fertilizer resulted in the dominance of the Al-P fraction in the studied soil, which indicated that this fraction was the most responsible for the migration of phosphorus along the soil profile.


The effect of ageing on the hardening and softening of Mg-Y-Nd alloys has been studied. An obvious age hardening occurs in alloys aged at 473 K for about 2 h, and then the hardness decreases sharply. A second hardening occurs during the following ageing. But alloys started softening after being aged at 523 K for 600 h. The microstructure investigations by TEM reveal that the first hardening owes to the occurrence of the dispersed precipitate, and the sharp fall of the hardness results from the dissolution of MgY phase. The occurrence and increasing of the precipitate phase and the forming of lathy structure in alloys result in the second hardening. The enlargement of j3 precipitate phase and the formation of nano-size MgO grains at the interface between matrix and (3 phase result in the softening of the Mg-Y-Nd alloy.


Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a distinct clinicopathological entity among peripheral T-cell lymphoma in the WHO classification. Whereas antigen "loss" or "deletion" of one or several pan-T cell antigens is a hepful feature of neoplastic lymphocytes in many T-cell lymphomas, no specific immunophenotypic patterns were available to recognize the tumour T-cells of AITL until recently. Indeed, Attygalle et al. reported that in this disorder neoplastic T-cells can be recognized by the aberrant expression of CD10 using immunochemistry in lymph nodes as well as in the involved extranodal sites. Lee et al. has also confirmed this specific phenotypic feature in cell suspension of lymph nodes using flow cytometry (FCM) in 3 cases of AITL. Here, we evaluated the CD10 expression by T cells in patients with AITL using four-colour FCM. The present study included lymph nodes (LN, n=10), peripheral blood (PB, n=5), bone marrow (n=1) and skin (n=1) samples from 13 patients with a diagnosis of AITL and with available cytologic histologic, immunologic and molecular data. Lymph nodes of reactive hyperplasia (n=13), B-cell lymphoma (n=23), other T-cell lymphoma (n=6) and peripheral blood from healthy donors (n=18) were used as control group. According with previous immunohistochemistry results, a fraction of T-cells expressed CD10 (using a level of at least 5% of all CD5+ cells) in 9/10 AITL lymph nodes with a mean number of 18%. Interestingly, among these 9 cases, 5 could be studied in peripheral blood also and all cases showed a fraction of T-cells expressing CD10, whatever be the lymphocytosis (median 1.1 10 9 /l range 0.82 to 11.32 10 9 /l). In three of these cases, tumoral T-cells presented also lack of surface CD3. In two cases of AITL diagnosed in LN, the aberrant CD10 expression by T-cells was found in bone marrow and skin, respectively. In the control group, T-cells were CD10 negative using the cut-off of 5%. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the assessment of CD10 expression by neoplastic T-cells can be achieved by multi-colour FCM in lymph nodes and involved extranodal sites. Our results are concordant with the statement of Attygalle that CD10 expression by T-cells can be used as a marker of both malignancy and AITL type. In addition, this is to our knowledge the first description of circulating CD10 neoplastic T-cells in AITL. Further study with a larger series of patients is required to confirm these data, to standardize the cut-off of positivity and to evaluate the sensibility of FCM versus immunohistochemistry.


Utilitarianism in the Wuxu Period is the climax of the development of the thought of Utilitarianism in China.The scholars in the period created a new thought of Utilitarianism different from that in the west,which is based on the balance between the group and the individual.Kang Youwei,Liang Qichao,Yan Fu approved the enlightenment of the thought,but did not regard the utility principle as the final one,but just a part of the thought of morality.This kind of Utilitarianism is not based on individualsim but on keeping the balance between the group and the individual.The most important cause of the transformation is the different understanding of the relationship between right and utility.The majority of the scholars think the meaning of the right is more important than the meaning of the utility.In the meanwhile,the idea of the right which is prior to utility in China means the right of the group.This is the main cause of the creation of Utilitariansim in the Wuxu Period.


Details are provided of a synthesis of PGF1alpha (prostaglandin F1alpha) PGF1beta and several other PGs isomeric with these. Epoxybicyclo[3.1.0]hexane derivatives were used in this synthesis involving an acid-catalyzed opening and rearrangement of the epoxybicyclo[3.1.0] hexanes. The chemical structures of the substances used in and obtained through the process are provided.


OBJECTIVE To study the antimicrobial susceptibility,classification and distribution of the β-lactamases produced by Kluyvera cryocrescens.METHODS To detect the β-lactamases produced by 17 strains of K.cryocrescens with a multi-disk test [synergy test,and antagonized test for the inducible AmpC β-lactamases(IABLs)],AmpC β-lactamases(ABLs)phenotype test and extended-spectrum β-lactamases(ESBLs) confirment test,and the susceptibility of antimicrobial agents.RESULTS The resistant rate to AMP,GEN,CFZ and SXT was 100.0%,88.2%,88.2% and 88.2%,respectively,and that to IMP,CIP and AMK was 0.0%,35.3%,and 47.1%,respectively;all of 17 strains produced the β-lactamases(100.0%),two strains produced penicillinases(11.8%),six strains produced broad-spectrum β-lactamases(35.3%) and nine strains produced ESBLs(52.9%),1 strain produced ABLs,and 1 strain produced ESBLs+high product ABLs,all did not produce carbapenem-hydrolyzing β-lactamases(CHBLs).CONCLUSIONS The resistant rate of K.cryocrescens is very high,all multi-resistant.The resistant rate of K.cryocrescens to AMP,GEN,CFZ and SXT is high,but to IMP,CIP and AMK is lower.The rate of β-lactamases produced by the 17 strains of K.cryocrescens is very high,four classes of β-lactamases are produced by five types,mainly BSBLs and ESBLs,without CHBLs.


The aim of the study – the analysis of pregravid preparation value in women with fetal loss syndrome on the background of genetically determined forms of thrombophilia. Materias and Methods. Retrospective and prospective analysis of the pregnancy course in 42 pregnant women with fetal loss syndrome on the background of born trombophilia was conducted. Among them 22 women underwent pregravid preparation and 20 women pregnancy in whom occurred without offered by us pregravid preparation. Control group consisted of 30 women with physiological pregnancy course. The following research methods were used: clinical, functional (echographics, cardiotocographics, dopplerometry), hemostasiological and morphological. Results and Discussion. Thus, in women with genetically determined forms of thrombophilia, whose pregnancies had occurred without pregravid preparation, there were recorded the following complications: premature detachment of the normally located placenta in 4.76 % (2) of women, the threat of miscarriage in 9 (21.4 %) patients, the threat of premature birth in 7 (16.7 %) women, placental dysfunction in 10 (2.4 %) patients, while in women with pregravid preparation this disease was revealed less, danger of miscarriage in 5 (11.9 % ) patients, the threat of premature birth in 3 (7.1 %) women, placental dysfunction in 4 (9.5 %) patients. Ultrasound study of fetometric indicators of the fetus and antenatal assessment of placental structure allowed diagnosing the syndrome of fetal growth retardation in 11.9 % (5) of patients with thrombophilia without pregravid preparation. Conclusions. Pregravid preparation of women with fetal loss syndrome on the background of genetically determined forms of thrombophilia is very important and helps reduce the incidence of gestational complications.


The invention provides a Chinese medicinal composition for treating premature ovarian failure, which is prepared from the following Chinese medicinal raw materials in part by weight: 2 to 6 parts of radix rehmanniae praeparata, 2 to 6 parts of common macrocarpium fruit, 2 to 6 parts of Chinese angelica, 2 to 6 parts of white paeony root, 2 to 6 parts of folium epimedii and 1 to 3 parts of root of red-rooted salvia. The invention also provides a preparation method of the Chinese medicinal composition, and adopts the technical scheme that the Chinese medicinal composition can be prepared into tablets, capsules, pills, granules, soft capsules and oral administration liquid preparations.


The leading contribution to the polarization dependent four-wave-mixing signal is shown to result from density induced dephasing processes. Experimental observations are in qualitative agreement with theoretical calculations based on the semiconductor Bloch equations where dephasing due to excitonic screening has been taken into account


This paper draws on a unique data set, hojok (household registers), to estimate numeracy levels in Korea, 1550-1630, and evidence on Japan and China from the early modern period until 1800. We found that a substantial share of East Asians rounded their ages to multiples of five. However, the extent of age-heaping was quite low by global standards, even considering the potential sources of upward bias inherent in the data. Therefore, the unusually high level of numeracy in East Asia in the early 21st century was already present in the early modern period. The findings imply that in the Korean case, for example, the foundations of the human-capital based catch-up growth were laid very early. More broadly, we argue that Korea, Japan, and China returned to the growth-path at different points of the 20th century, and this return was pre-determined by their early numeracy development.


104.13 An elementary geometric justification for the cofactor expansion of a 3 × 3 determinant The evaluation of determinants is a topic that is included in many courses other than its standard treatment in a linear algebra course. Some of these include precalculus or even a second-year algebra course where students may be asked to find the cross product of two vectors using a determinant and cofactor expansion along the first row consisting of unit vectors. When the cofactor expansion for a determinant is presented at this level, students often ask for some justification of the process. Specifically, there are often questions about why elements are multiplied by their minors and then summed with alternating signs. It will be shown that the cofactor expansion of a 3 × 3 determinant is connected to the solution of a system of equations used in finding the volume of a parallelepiped. Although many of the results in this Note are well-known (see [1], [2] and [3]), its purpose is to provide teachers with a simple and concrete geometric explanation that relies on only the most basic notions of vectors, matrices and geometric transformations. Consider the transformation matrix


Objective To explore the relationship between the expression of oncoprotein, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), histological type, degree of differentiation, recurrence and metastasis in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). Methods Immunohistochemical ABC method was used to study the expression of p53 protein, c-erbB-2 and PCNA in 26 cases of RMS. Results The positive rates of p53, c-erbB-2 and PCNA expression were 76.9%, 19.2% and 100% respectively. The positive expression of p53 was not related to RMS histological type (P0.05), but to the degree of RMS differentiation, recurrence and metastasis(P0.05). The positive rate of c-erbB-2 expression was not clearly observed. and not related to RMS histological type, degree of differentiation, recurrence and metastasis. The intensity of PCNA expression was related to recurrence and metastasis. Conclusion The results suggest that p53 and PCNA could reflect the malignant degree of RMS to a certain extent. The expression of p53 and PCNA may be an index to appraise the recurrence and metastasis of RMS.


Global casting production reached 104.4 million tons in 2016. The top ten casting production nation produces 91.6 million metric tons of the total production of 104.4 million metric tons. Nearly 47.2 million metric tons of casting produces by China. Casting production increases from 5.4% to 11.35% million metric tons. USA, Japan, Germany, Russia, Korea, Mexico, Brazil and Italy are the top ten nations. Almost 6500 foundry units are in country out of which 90% can be categorized as small scale units, medium scale units as 8% and large scale units as 2%. Foundry industry includes several critical aspects related to social, economic and environmental aspect need to assess. The results gained by these models are compared with regression model. Socio- economic foundry industry complex relationship between different parameters can be modeled by using neural network and regression model. It can also study running such program lead to substantial improvements in socioeconomic circumstances of targeted industry and make it sustainable industry.


The argument from design, recast today in the Intelligent Design movement, relies critically on the contrast of designed things with undesigned things. This poses a problem for Christians, however, because they affirm that God designed the whole universe. How then can we call anything undesigned? I argue that this problem is equivalent to the problem of free will, or the problem of moral evil, and as such can be addressed by the same philosophical frameworks developed in the past for addressing those issues, in particular the notions of different levels of description and Augustine's different levels of giftedness.