The tectonic and volcanic environment in Guatemala is large and complex. Three major tectonic plates constantly interacting with each other, and a volcanic arc that extends from east to west in the southern part of the country, demand special attention in terms of monitoring and scientific studies. The Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vul-canología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH) is the institute in charge of executing these actions at the national and civil level.In recent years, INSIVUMEH has formed a volcanology team consisting of multi-disciplinary personnel that conducts the main volcanological monitoring and research activities. These activities include: seismic and acoustic signal analysis, evaluation and analysis of the volcanic hazards, installation and maintenance of monitoring equipment, and the socialization and dissemination of volcanic knowledge. Of all the volcanic structures in Guatemala, three volcanoes (Fuego, Pacaya, and Santiaguito) are in constant eruption and require all of the available resources (economic and human). These volcanoes present a wide range of volcanic hazards (regarding type and magnitude) that make daily monitoring a great challenge. One of the greatest goals achieved by the volcanology team has been the recent development of a Relative Threat Ranking of Guatemala Volcanoes, taking into account di ff erent parameters that allow improved planning in the future, both in monitoring and research.


Searching for reliable methods for evaluating early changes in the microcirculation and early markers of diabetic neuropathy has important clinical significance. The paper presents the pathogenesis of skin changes in diabetes as a result of microangiopathy and pathology in the peripheral nerves. We also describe currently available methods to evaluate skin dysfunction. (Dia- bet. Klin. 2014; 3, 3: 117-124)


Abstract Understanding the landscape of opinions on a given topic or issue is important for policy makers, sociologists, and intelligence analysts. The first step in this process is to retrieve relevant opinions. Discussion forums are potentially a good source of this information, but comes with a unique set of retrieval challenges. In this short paper, we test a range of existing techniques for forum retrieval and develop new retrieval models to differentiate between opinionated and factual forum posts. We are able to demonstrate some significant performance improvements over the baseline retrieval models, demonstrating that this as a promising avenue for further study.


This paper introduces the connotations of innovation and entrepreneurship education, expounds the concept of the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship talents training mode, discusses the current status of innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities, and puts forward some ideas for carrying out the innovation and entrepreneurship education.


Privatization varies considerably among local governments. One of the often listed explanations are the ability of public employees to block privatization. However, many studies on the influence of public employees on privatization do not use very precise measures of public employees' influence, have been unable to isolate a one-way effect and have not been attentive to whether the effect varies for different market forms. In this article, we focus on privatization through a voucher market for elderly care services in Denmark. Using new data for all 98 Danish municipalities in 2012, we are able to measure the strength of the public elderly care union as well as the relative number of the public elderly care workers. We find that the increased union strength measured as union density at the municipal level leads to substantially and significantly less privatization through the voucher market. By comparison, the estimated relationship between the relative number of public workers and privatization does not reach statistical significance, although the association is negative as expected. Features of the voucher market and qualitative evidence suggest that the union influence first and foremost goes through a direct user channel, while a minor effect possible runs through a political channel.


This piece of research aims to identify discursive barriers to transferring the EU strategy for active aging. It also delivers policy advice on the field. This is an exploratory study conducted in Galicia, a highly aged Spanish region with extended powers on health and social issues. It applies Goffman´s definition of "frame" that refers to ideas that allow people to confer meaning to their experience. It examines the macro level frame (European), the meso one (policy area) and micro frames (actors). New data were created at both meso and micro levels. The research techniques used are interviews with experts and focus groups composed of active older people living in both urban and rural areas.


The purpose of the study was to delineate peer support among clubhouse members in the context of the "work-ordered day (WOD)," the core of the clubhouse model for psychiatric recovery. The study drew on qualitative data collected in 2009-2011 via participant observation and in-depth interviews with 45 members and 11 staff of a clubhouse in New York City. A grounded theory approach to data analysis yielded themes including "peer to peer collaboration" during WOD and "circle of personal peer relationships" expanded as secondary to WOD participation. The study also highlighted how side-by-side WOD participation mediates these personal relationships. The clubhouse peer support, while paralleling daily patterns seen in the outside world of work, also embraced ranges of positive self-help group experiences. An underlying notion seemed to be the sense of normalcy, which can be integral to recovery. Future research should compare peer support across clubhouses in different cultures and societies.


In 34 families the effectiveness of various methods (clinical examination, electromyography and slit lamp examination of the lens) for detecting heterozygotes for myotonic dystrophy has been assessed. In those families in which the index patient developed symptoms in infancy or childhood, most heterozygotes were recognised by early adult life. However, in the families of index patients who developed symptoms after the age of 20, the expected 50% incidence of clinically affected heterozygotes among fight degree relatives was not reached before the age of 40. Only in the early onset families may it be assumed that a relative who is clinically unaffected by age 20 years is at small risk of transmitting the disorder.


This paper reviews recent developments in the practice of road investment analysis with particular reference to: (i) the increasing importance of broader macro economic objectives; (ii) the relevance of welfare economics, and its prescriptions for optimal resource allocation, in existing administrative structures; (iii) the process of determining the costs relevant for development of road user charging policies to facilitate optimal resource allocation. The paper concludes that the time is ripe for a major paradigm shift, to treat roads as assets rather than consumables, and that such a change is essential to meet both the theoretical and practical criteria for improved resource allocation. It cautions against over emphasis on refining cost recovery estimates, whilst recognising the capability of current (and future) computing technology to simplify previously complex and time consuming analysis without sacrificing the validity of the underlying theoretical constructs (a).


model, dynamic morphology of phosphor gel was obtained. Two factors, the ratio of LED chip width to the width of stamp bump and phosphor gel volume, were investigated through simulations. In addition, complex phosphor layer morphology was achieved by adapting the two factors.


Short waiting periods for all patients referred to a pain clinic is desirable but ordinarily not possible. In a questionnaire, 25% of the Swedish anaesthetic pain clinics reported a waiting list exceeding 6 months. The long waiting-time shows that some kind of priority setting is necessary. The aim of the present investigation was to study the feasibility of a rational priority setting based on a ranking procedure. Secretary and nurse priority ranked patients according to a system utilizing the physicians's referral and a questionnaire completed by the patient. These priority ratings were compared to the final ranking by the doctor which was done after an interview without access to the questionnaire. The results of the present investigation show that the secretary as well as two nurses generally 'overestimated' the patients' pain problems compared with the priority made by the doctor. However, 12 out of 142 patients' problems were 'underestimated' but this was deemed to increase risk in only one case. The possible risks with a delegated ranking procedure have, however, to be judged against the disadvantages of no priority setting at all and the advantages of a rational use of staff members. This experiment has indicated the feasibility of a delegated ranking procedure.


The design of oil&gas production platform for middle and deep sea (200 m and more) of the Russian offshore, where a floating ice influence is essential, leads to a floating ice-resistant TLP, arranged by the strengthened anchor system including sloped mooring lines. This anchor system should be able to withstand against ice field influence. Usually, a tension leg platform (TLP) keeps its stability against submergence and inclination mostly due to tensioned tethers restoring force and moment. A damage stability of TLP is considered in Classification Societies Rules and Notes under emergency conditions as follows: • Breaking or slacking of any one tension leg (tether/mooring line), • Flooding of any one watertight compartment/tank. There are a number of specific requirements (safety factors including) for an overall stability of such a structure, but many of them are not sufficient as for a conventional TLP, as, especially, for an ice-resistant TLP. A critical consideration of requirements of Rules of maritime classification societies for TLPs stability is done. Ice-resistant TLP needs special considerations on intact/damage stability requirements. These requirements should differ essentially from the stability requirements for usual floating TLP, including a conventional TLP for the operational both intact and damage conditions. This fact can be explained by: (a) tension tethers influence and a necessity of a damage stability analysis in case of a rupture of one or more of tension tethers, (b) inclusion of an ice force in a heeling moment. The considerable modernization or re-issue of the Rules for Classification and Construction for Offshore installations in part of stability requirements for ice-resistant tension tethers floating platform may be required. The paper presented proposes the formulae for said requirements, their background and the calculations, for example, of the ice-resistant TLP. The time domain computer simulation had been fulfilled by use of the software program certified by the Russian Maritime Register of Shipping. 1 THE SUBJECT The worldwide experience of design and construction of oil & gas production platforms shows, that TLP is the most acceptable type for sea depths from 200 to more than 1000 m. During last years (1996 and after) TLPs have been installed worldwide, for example, at 930 m depth (TLP Mars, 1996), at 2050 m (Roncador Field, 1998) and 2800 m (Petrobrass BC 200 Block, 2000). The number of TLPs 8 International Conference on the Stability of Ships and Ocean Vehicles Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Navales 142 rises year by year due to the development of deep water oil/gas fields. Today's variety of Arctic deep water is a TLP for cold regions, i.e. an ice-resistant TLP. Most TLPs are four column shaped TLPs. But, the gap between columns may be not sufficient for ice floes pass; this is a reason for the occurrence of a great value of the ice force. The need to withstand the ice action has led to a new TLP variety [1]. The specific ice-resistant TLP features are as follows:


The present invention provides a silicon nitride film forming method and a silicon nitride film forming apparatus. A silicon nitride film forming method includes an accommodating process of accommodating a workpiece within a reaction chamber, a silicon nitride film forming process of forming a silicon nitride film on the workpiece accommodated within the reaction chamber, a carbon purging process of carbon-terminating a surface of the formed silicon nitride film by supplying a hydrocarbon compound having an unsaturated bond into the reaction chamber accommodating the workpiece on which the silicon nitride film is formed, and an output process of unloading the workpiece, on which the silicon nitride film having a carbon-terminated surface is formed, out of the reaction chamber.


End-to-end transport protocols perform poorly in mobile environments, primarily due to the frequent route breaks induced by node mobility. We present a framework for hop-by-hop transport protocols and propose a new reliable transport protocol: SaFT (store-and-forward transport). We evaluate its performance in mobile ad hoc networks vis-a-vis TCP. Overall, SaFT achieves up to 3 times faster delivery of messages in such networks. We conclude that store-and-forward protocols are suited well to provide reliable communication in mobile ad hoc networks


SAFETY AND SITTING ASSESSMENT FOR NPPs DEPLOYMENT IN INDONESIA. Study on national economic and energy sources of Indonesia had shown that nuclear energy will be included as part of energy sources in our national energy mix policy in addition to fossil energy source, gas, water and other new and renewable energy. Fukushima accident made people doubt about the safety of Nuclear Power Plant (NPP), which impact on the public perception of the safety of nuclear power plants. Lesson leant from Fukushima accident, the safety of nuclear power plants need to be highlighted back to improve the public acceptance of nuclear safety and security in Indonesia. Preliminary safety assessment and sitting preparing for Large Reactor (LWR), and technology assessment on various technology of SMR has been started. The paper will describe the assessment of safety and radiation consequences on site for normal operation and Design Basis Accident postulation of PWR-1000 MWe in Bangka Island. Consequences of radiation for normal operation simulated for 2 units NPPs. The source term was generated from an inventory of peak radioisotope activities released by using ORIGEN-2 software and the consequence calculated by PC-Cream (routine release) and PC Cosyma (accident release). The adopted methodology used was based on the predominant site-specific meteorological data. The result of calculation are: doses on public for normal operation below 1 mSv/yr, and no evacuation of emergency planning for DBA postulation.


The article is devoted to the formal (constructive) and content (logic-semantic) structure of the language. The object of the analysis of such substance-nominative constructions is the compound sentence with the predicate clause, having a great functional and semantic potential. It can be of use for linguists being interested in syntaxes, cognitive linguistics and logics.


The article is drawn after the statistical analysis to the high school student's individual character registration card of Shanghai experimental school,"the companion associates",and "teachers and students associate","collective activity"is three kinds of behaviors that the teacher cares about most.The record shows that the boy student displays not so good as the girl student,demonstrates teacher's different expectations to the two.The registration card of the individual character shows helpfully in finding student's good quality and bad behavior.The school should write down the individual character card to require to the teacher clearly;Card of record individual character that the teacher should be accurate in time;Should correct the student that the individual character card is realistic bad behavior in time;Should utilize the individual character to block the function in student's quality is formed.


Angina pectoris of coronary heart disease(CHD)is one of the diseases with the highest mortality around the world, which threatening human health seriously. It's clinically divided into variable types according to the pathological features and clinical manifestations, which leads to the differences among the therapies.At present, the curative effect of Chinese herbal compound is exact and the side effect is small. The widely used categories are activating blood and dispersing stasis, eliminating phlegm and resolving turbidity, tonifying qi and warming yang.This article states the research progress of different types of angina pectoris of coronary heart disease treated by compound traditional Chinese medicine.


Arora and Olkkonen discuss a recent study from Pedersen et al. on the role of Protrudin in cancer cell invasion.


It is widely recognized that ICT both affect and are affected by the socio-political environment into which it is introduced and functioning. Because of the neutrality of technology, ICT can act as a magnifier and multiplier of the inherent tendencies and characteristics of the spaces in which it is implemented and either support or undermine those values. ICT can be considered not only as a mean of exchanging and disseminating information but can also be a tool to enhance human rights. There is however always an important risk that inappropriate use of ICT could undermine those rights, disenfranchise particular socio-economic groups and attack the fundamental institutions of democracy. The aim of this paper is to discuss existing international regulatory mechanisms related to human rights in the context of the digital society. There are ongoing efforts to introduce new mechanisms to regulate the digital society, and this contribution seeks to highlight current strengths and limitations of existing international regulations governing human rights issues.


The Fiber and Place seminar session explored the multi-sited nature of fiber, tracing lifecycles and ongoing histories to understand how cultural, social, economic, aesthetic, scientific and natural worlds are produced, transformed and engaged through fiber. Seminar participants identified themes shared across their various research projects, including: (1) phenomenology and ways of knowing; (2) aesthetics and design practice, (3) supply chains and "value"; (4) production/consumption in a transnational context; and (5) life cycle and seasonal cycles. In this paper, we present aspects of our seminar participants' distinctive research projects and how they intersect with fiber, place and the aforementioned themes.


The design and construction of four luxuary houses around a courtyard in Holland Park West London.The houses explore the qualities of privacy and quietness in high density dwellings and use a mixture of materials that reflect or absorb light according to the accommodation.The houses have been been published several times between the period from the granting of planning permission and the construction which is due for completion in November 2012. An exhibition and publication is planned at the Architectural Association School of Architecture at the beginning of 2013.


Energy consumption data of production machines often exhibit quasi-periodicity, and anomalies are observed when deviations from the quasi-periodicity are detected. For such data, it is crucial to quickly estimate the individual cycles at each time point and detect abnormalities. In this study, we propose a system that satisfies these requirements. The proposed system trains a neural network with an attention mechanism and applies the weight vectors in the mechanism to the two tasks. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms benchmark methods for sensor data that mimic power consumption data of production lines.


[reaction: see text] A unique new set of reactions has been observed in heterocyclic photochemistry. 2-Methyl-4,4-diphenyl-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-one has been synthesized and its photochemistry investigated. This compound has been found to lead to a rearranged, dimeric product arising from a unique bond-scission process.


Introduction: While progressing, COPD draw some serious psychological conditions as anxiety and depression. There are in use several multiple-item, time-consuming tests, difficult to apply in dyspnoeic, exhausted, poor educated and even illiterate pts. The Luscher colour test (LCT) might be taken into consideration as a fast and easy-to-apply psychological test in COPD pts to detect the presence and degree of their inner conflict. Aim: To detect if there is an advantage in using LCT in the psychological assessment of COPD pts when comparing with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) and the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI). Method: 25 COPD pts, 18 M/72%, 7 F/28%, mean age 65.68, SD 9.22, were generally (envinronment, smoking, drinking, physical activity, living with the family), functional (14 pts stage I, 8 pts stage II, 3 pts stage III GOLD) and psychological (HAMA, HAMD, EPI, LCT) assessed. The data were analysed with the SPSS 16.0 statistical programme. Results: Pearson correlation r=-0.011, p=0.47 between COPD and LCT is weak and negative. Multiple regression analysis between considering age, gender, environment, alcohol and tobacco intake, physical activity and living with the family resulted in r=0.16, p=0.557 (95% CI -0.405-0.725), showing a weak, positive and not significant correlation. Conclusion: In this small group of COPD pts LCT has failed to show an advantage over other psychological tests. It has a limited positive relevance only when considering many other epidemiological factors. But as LCT is successfully used in other pathologies, there is a motivation to undertake new studies on larger COPD pt groups.


Social media named entity recognition (SMNER) is one of the important tasks in social media information extraction, which involves the identification and classification of words or sequences of words denoting a concept or entity. With the extension of named entity recognition to new information areas, the task of identifying meaningful entities has become more complex as categories are more specific to a given domain. SMNER solutions that achieve a high level of accuracy in some language or domain may perform much poorly in a different context. Support Vector Machine (SVM) is rapidly emerging as a promising pattern recognition methodology due to its generalization capability and its ability to handle high dimensional input. However, SVM is known to suer from slow training especially with large input data size. In this paper, we explore the scalability issues for Indonesian social media named entity recognition using high-dimensional features and support vector machines.


Thermal Barrier Coating (TBC) protects structural components from high temperature environment of gas turbines. The TBC consists of ceramic top coat and metallic bond coat, deteriorate by the high temperature operating condition. Calcium-Magnesium-Aluminosilicate (CMAS) infiltration into the top coat is also one of degradation process for TBCs. Damage mechanism associated with the CMAS are significant in the novel turbine system, which operates at higher temperatures than the melting point of the CMAS. In this study, thermal deformation measurements between 300ºC and 900 ºC on the CMAS infiltrated air plasma sprayed (APS) TBC topcoat specimens were conducted. Inflection point on a thermal strain curve for the CMAS infiltrated top coat specimen was observed around 700 ºC. The temperature corresponds to the glass transition temperature of CMAS grass. About 10 % decrease in linear expansion coefficient of the CMAS infiltrated top coat was also observed. These results indicated that the thermo-mechanical properties of CMAS infiltrated top coat were influenced by that of the CMAS, and such properties may play an important role to develop a thermal stress and failure mechanism of TBCs.


The objective of this study was to develop methods to sample and test residual alkali-silica reaction-induced expansion capacity of in-situ concrete using cores tested in accelerated environments. The effect of alkali-silica reaction on the mechanical properties of concrete was also investigated in order to more accurately predict the remaining service life of existing concrete structures. Residual expansion measurements were taken up to 12 months on cores drilled from large concrete blocks produced with two different reactive aggregates and stored in various exposure conditions at different temperatures. The three exposure conditions were sealed, stored in NaOH solution, and stored over water. The four temperatures were 23, 38, 60, and 800C. Compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity were measured for cylinders immersed in NaOH at 80°C up to 56 days to generate correlations between ASR damage and mechanical properties. For unboosted cores, the 80°C modified conditioning regime appeared to be the most effective in producing significant residual expansion in a short period of time. Late-age conditioning had essentially no impact on the expansion of cores at one year. Modulus of elasticity was influenced most and was more accurately captured by delaying conditioning. DISCLAIMER: The contents of this report are not to be used for advertising, publication, or promotional purposes. Citation of trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial products. All product names and trademarks cited are the property of their respective owners. The findings of this report are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position unless so designated by other authorized documents. DESTROY THIS REPORT WHEN NO LONGER NEEDED. DO NOT RETURN IT TO THE ORIGINATOR. ERDC/GSL TR-19-11 iii


KN(SiMe3 )2 reacts with [Re(CO)3 (phen)(PMe3 )]OTf via reversible addition to the phen ligand and irreversible deprotonation of the PMe3 ligand followed by intramolecular attack to phen by the deprotonated phosphane, whereas MeLi irreversibly adds to phen. The addition of MeLi has been shown to be intermolecular, unlike previously known nucleophilic additions to pyridines.


AbstractCommittees of Inquiry form a significant proportion of the research undertaken ostensibly to inform and shape government policy. The output of such inquiries, in the form of recommendations for policy action, frequently relies heavily on information and opinion of experts in the particular field or issue under study. The "Maries Report" lacked much of the quantitative information and analysis commonly found in reports of inquiries, but its recommendations focused on practical actions designed to resolve the concerns of a very large group of experts in the health field - nurses. The Report and its findings are outlined, and its influence on both organisational and public policy examined using a "structural interest" perspective. Recommendations for altering organisational structure and process seem generally to have been implemented. However their success in increasing the influence of nurses on decision-making at either organisational or public policy levels seems to have been limited to those pol...


A geometrical model of the transformer was established by using the direct modeling method,the ANSYS CFX software was used to simulate the temperature field and flow field of the model,and a set of computer experiment results were obtained which can be referential.Methods and results of the simulation by using that software were demonstrated,making a foundation for the research of the fault of transformer overheating.


Microwave method was the new curriculum to separate lignin and cellulose.The microwave irradiation(MI)process to extract lignin from straw had been developed.The influence factors,such as the ratio of solid to liquid,MI power,irradiation time,soda concentration on absorbency were studied.The optimum extraction conditions were as follows:sample 2 g,microwave radiant intensity 550 W,irradiation time 75 min,ratio of solid to liquid 1∶12.5,soda concentration 16%,the absorbency of lignin extracting solution was 1.25 and the result of reappear experiment was stabilization.


This paper introduces the development and operating principle of intelligent optical cable sensing monitoring technology, explains it with the experiments on static system calibration and static loading structure, and expatiates on the automatic monitoring system for monorail security from the aspects of composition, allocation, system alarming function and alarming treatment.


Numerous commentators have recently indicated a prevailing sense among South africans of a historical repetition, a pervasive sentiment that the country has failed to shake off the legacy of apartheid, which extends into the present, and possibly also the future. 1 Such an observation has led South African psychologist, derek Hook, to conclude that in order to adequately address the post-apartheid reality and allow the process of working through trauma, there is a need to abandon the linear Judeo-Christian model of time derived from the Enlightenment. Instead, Hook advocates to start thinking of post-apartheid South Africa not as a socio-economically or racially stratified society, but rather as a country of unsynchronized, split, often overlapping temporalities. Thus, he offers to perceive of 'chaffing temporalities' of the contemporary predicament. Resende and Thies, on the other hand, call for a need for a reconceptualised approach to temporality not only when dealing with heavily traumatized postcolonial countries such as South Africa, but more generally when addressing the geopolitics of all the countries of the so-called 'Global South.' My paper will discuss the manner in which reconceptualised postcolonial temporality has been addressed by South African transitional writings by André Brink. I will argue that, although Brink's magical realist novels of the 1990s imaginatively engage with 'the chaffing temporalities' of the post-apartheid predicament, their refusal to project any viable visions of the country's future might ultimately problematise the thorough embrace of Hook's 'ethics of temporality.'


Tagetes minuta L. is considered as an annual plant growing in the temperate zones of South America. It has been used as carminative, anti-inflammatory, anti-abortion, vermifuge, bronchodilator and hypotensive. In the current study the locally cultured plant of Tagetes minuta L. was studied for phytochemical and larvicidal properties. The phytochemical analysis of aerial parts of the plant exhibited the presence of saponins, terpenoids, tannins, alkaloids and flavonoids. The efficacy of methanolic extract of the plant was tested against malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi. The probit analysis from the concentration and mortality exhibited the LC 50 and LC 90 values of 2.5 mg/l and 11.0 mg/l, respectively. Also the efficacies of the ethyl acetate, chloroform, methanolic and aqueous extracts of the plant were tested on Anopheles stephensi with the LC 50 concentration of the methanolic extract. The results showed that the chloroform extract had the highest efficacy.


The internal friction, modulus and electrical resistance of γMnxFe1-x based alloys with different compositions were measured with temperatures. The relationship of the three physical properties with temperatures were analyzed. Meanwhile, the relationship among the temperature at which the abnormality of modulus starts, the internal friction peak temperature and Neel temperature were investigated.


Luminescence is a widespread fundamental physical phenomenon. It has a broad application in the field of illumination, display, dosimeter, mining, archaeology, various analyses, etc. Trap and decay are two important, inseparable factors in luminescence dynamic processes, and thermoluminescence, in particular. Of the two most popular techniques of studying the dynamics of this process, the method based on kinetics order has serious deficiencies: (1) a fixed parameter to represent an evolving process and (2) an assumed value, instead of an experimental value, disagrees with reality. We proposed a method of simultaneous determination of trap depth and decay parameters from the glow curve of ZnS:Cu,Co, obtaining the trap depth e=0.86eV and decay parameter n0¯=2.6 simultaneously. From these data, we have shown dependence of trap depth e on decay parameter, which clearly shows the error of e for any assumed decay parameter. If we treat the case of kinetics order α=1 as α=2, the error might be as large as 100%.


The article deals with the problem of the influence of penitentiary stress in women on adaptation to conditions of detention. Based on the conducted research, the author concludes that female persons are more susceptible to stress in the process of serving imprisonment, which is due to the psychophysiological characteristics of this category of convicts. In addition, the results of the study of this aspect showed that in conditions of isolation, women cope worse with stressful situations than men, they are more susceptible to mood swings, outbursts of aggression, anxiety, and this explains the lack of faith in a happy future, the wrong perception of others (the same women), a sense of insecurity. All this negatively affects not only the general condition of women, but also the quality of their correction within the framework of imprisonment. In order to increase the effectiveness of correctional impact, it necessary to carry out psychological work not only with the convicted woman, but also with is her close relatives, which will positively affect the use of corrective measures and reduce the problems associated with adaptation in isolation.


In the present study, the effects of various cutting conditions on the surface integrity of titanium parts (Ti6Al4V) have been investigated during the micromilling process. In addition, to have a better understanding of the results, the cutting force was measured. The experiments were performed in the Minimum Quantity Lubrication condition using the tungsten carbide microtool with 0.5 mm in diameter. Micromilling parameters including feed rate, spindle speed and axial depth of cut were considered as process inputs, each in three levels, and their effects on the surface roughness, burr width, surface and in-depth microhardness as well as mean cutting force were evaluated. In the range of experimental parameters and according to the results, cutting speed and feed per tooth had the highest impact on the surface integrity characteristics of this alloy, respectively. While most research works concentrated on the feed per tooth as the main parameter in the micromilling process, the result of the study showed that the variation of cutting speed as one of the influential factors could also be used in order to decrease cutting forces and to improve surface quality.


Host and geographic records are presented for ectoparasites collected from seabirds in Alaska. Ectoparasites of three major groups were recovered: Mallophaga, represented by the genera Saemundssoni...


Sports nutrition is an essential aspect of athletic performance, with nutrition knowledge associated positively with quality of dietary intake (1) . Previous research in ladies Gaelic football have demonstrated that sports nutrition knowledge was classi fi ed as poor (2) . However, nutrition knowledge has not been explored in ladies Gaelic football using the full Sports Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire to date. This study aimed to further investigate sports nutrition knowledge, the effect of demographic factors and sources of information in female Gaelic football players in the Republic of Ireland. An online questionnaire was distributed to Ladies Gaelic football players ≥ 18 years old and living in the Republic of Ireland. The questionnaire examined sports nutrition knowledge using the validated full Sports Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire (3) , demographic factors, and sources of nutrition information and support. Ethical approval was provided by ATU Sligo Department of Health Science and Nutrition Research Ethics Committee. A Chi-squared test was performed to investigate if there was a difference between level of sports nutrition knowledge and level of education. A total of 113 eligible participants completed the questionnaire. The highest-level participants had played at was 94 at sub-elite and 19 at elite level. Mean (SD) sports nutrition knowledge score was " poor " (47.8 ± 11.9), with only 11.5% scoring a " average " or " above " . There was no signi fi cant association between education level obtained and level of nutrition knowledge. Ninety-fi ve participants (84.1%) reported not receiving access to nutrition information or a nutritionist/dietician. One hundred and twelve participants (99.1%) believe that their club should provide access to nutrition information and a nutritionist. The level of nutrition knowledge in the study participants is similar to that observed in previous research in ladies Gaelic football players using the abridged Sports Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire (2) . This research adds to the evidence supporting the need for more sports nutrition knowledge interventions and evidence-based support for female Gaelic players in the Republic of Ireland.


ABSTRACT A set of novel explicit expressions for the identification of stable, unstable and integrating first-order plus dead time process dynamics is presented. In the absence of sensor noise/static load disturbances, an autonomous relay control system with an asymmetrical relay induces a smooth limit cycle at the process output. Dynamic model parameters are estimated using the set of proposed expressions which depend on the parameters of limit cycle output and its derivatives. However, in practice, the process output is generally corrupted by the measurement noise, thereby rendering an erroneous identification of process dynamics. Furthermore, static load disturbance during an identification test also induces an asymmetrical limit cycle output resulting in inaccurate measurements. Hence, a fast Fourier transform technique and biased relay feedback methods are implemented to obviate the problem of asymmetries and chattering in the limit cycle output yielding the original limit cycle and its subsequent derivatives. The proposed method has been validated, considering five typical examples from literature. An extensive comparison study with existing approaches based on Nyquist plots demonstrate the efficacy of the method presented.


Functionalizing the surface of metal and oxide materials with self-assembled monolayers is an elegant method for tuning the chemical properties of the surfaces. The properties of a coated surface depend on both the chemical nature of the termination as well as the order of the monolayer. One commonly used platform is alkylsilanes on silica surfaces. Here we characterize the disorder of self-assembled monolayers having a mixture of two monomer lengths using sum-frequency generation (SFG) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. We find that mixed monolayer order varies smoothly as a function of composition. The mixed monolayers are more disordered than either pure monolayer, and of the pure monolayers, the shorter monolayer is more disordered. The nonlinear relationship between monolayer disorder and composition, along with atomic force microscopy images, suggests completely homogeneous mixing or very small domains of the monomers. The order of the monolayers as determined by SFG spectroscopy does not ...


This paper offers a new logical machinery for reasoning about interpretive canons. We identify some options for modelling reasoning about interpretations and show that interpretative argumentation has a distinctive structure where the claim that a legal text ought or may be interpreted in a certain way can be supported or attacked by arguments, whose conflicts may have to be assessed according to further arguments.


Punctuation Usage by the National Bureau of Technique Supervision stipulates specific usage of punctuations and provides examples and explanations , but there are still some usages of ambiguity. For example, there is something not scientific in normal standard of punctuation usage set by various publishing institutions, concerning the colon expressing prompt, a slight pause mark used in sequence and the meaning expressed by ellipsis dots.


SUMMARY

The revealing and understanding of ultrafast structural-change induced dynamics not only are essential in physics, chemistry, and biology, but also are indispensable for the development of new materials, new devices, and applications. A new radio-frequency electron gun-based ultrafast relativistic electron microscopy (UEM) is being developed at Osaka University to for direct probing structural changes at the atomic scale with sub-100 fs temporal resolution in materials. The first prototype femtosecond time-resolved relativistic-energy UEM was constructed at end of October 2012. Both relativistic-energy electron diffraction and image measurements have been successfully performed using a femtosecond electron beam. In this paper, the development of the UEM prototype and the first experiments on relativistic-energy electron imaging are reported.


Abstract Cell‐cycle interference by small molecules has widely been used to study fundamental biological mechanisms and to treat a great variety of diseases, most notably cancer. However, at present only limited possibilities exist for spatio‐temporal control of the cell cycle. Here we report on a photocaging strategy to reversibly arrest the cell cycle at metaphase or induce apoptosis using blue‐light irradiation. The versatile proteasome inhibitor MG132 is photocaged directly at the reactive aldehyde function effectively masking its biological activity. Upon irradiation reversible cell‐cycle arrest in the metaphase is demonstrated to take place in vivo. Similarly, apoptosis can efficiently be induced by irradiation of human cancer cells. With the developed photopharmacological approach spatio‐temporal control of the cell cycle is thus enabled with very high modulation, as caged MG132 shows no effect on proliferation in the dark. In addition, full compatibility of photo‐controlled uncaging with dynamic microscopy techniques in vivo is demonstrated. This visible‐light responsive tool should be of great value for biological as well as medicinal approaches in need of high‐precision targeting of the proteasome and thereby the cell cycle and apoptosis.


The animal parasites that inhabit the intestinal tract of man and other animals present unique problems in relation to host-parasite relationships. These animal parasites represent a wide variety of forms, from the single-celled protozoan parasites to the highly complex metazoa with , in many instances, complicated life cycles. No species of animal is susceptible to all parasites, and no parasite is able to infect all hosts. This discussion will be limited primarily to those parasites who, as adults, are primarily limited to the intestinal tract of the host. Jn some instances, the animal parasite, in the adult stage, remains in the lumen of the intestinal tract with no attachments to the tissue. In others, there will be direct invasion of the wall of the intestine. The extent of tissue invasion will vary from a direct attachment, as in hookworm disease, to invasion of the wall of the intestine as in amebiasis and strongyloidiasis or, as in ascariasis, with the adult living in the lumen of the intestine with no direct attachment or invasion of tissue by the adult worm. There are many factors that may contribute to the relationships between the host and the parasite. The food of the host is of extreme importance and is closely linked with the physiologic state of the host. In the intestinal tract, with changes in nutrition, there may be a direct effect on the environment of the parasite and thus a possible alteration of the relationship between the host and the parasite. In general, parasites that can establish themselves with the least damage to the host have the best chance for prolonged residence in that host since, in such cases, the host response to the presence of the parasite is meager or generally ineffectual. The best adjustment of parasite and host is usually found in parasites limited to the alimentary canal. Humans may harbor in their intestinal tract tapeworms such as Tueniu suginulu or flukes such as Fascio1ops;s buski for many years with no physical effects so long as the diet is sufficient for both the individual and his parasite. Likewise, the intestinal flagellates as a group, as well as the nonpathogenic amebae, may persist in the intestine for years without the host being aware of the infection, since these forms are normally harmless commensals. In animal parasitism, the extent of damage produced to the host tissue will vary greatly, and there are many complex factors which must be considered in attempting to explain the pathogenesis of the various forms. The capacity of a host to resist the destructive action of a given parasite is sometimes due to the natural resistance of that host. In some instances, this gives complete protection of the host from the parasite. Such natural resistance is not always present a t birth, but sometimes it is developed against certain parasites only after the host has neared maturity. In contrast to this type of resistance, the host, in some instances, remains susceptible to infection with certain animal parasites during an entire lifetime. In such instances, there develops in such a susceptible host, on first exposure to a specific parasite, an


The lesion produced in the cat by experimental transient spinal cord compression was examined by electron microscopy. Compression sufficient to produce reversible paraparesis is associated with a predominantly demyelinating lesion; more severe compression produces an increased amount of wallerian degeneration. Remyelination by oligodendrocytes commences in the third week. Complete myelin segments with many normal ultrastructural features are formed. The thickness of the new myelin increases with time but has still not reached adult values after 18 months. Schwann cells of peripheral origin remyelinate some central axons in the more severe lesions.


Last year saw the 50th anniversary of the death of Jose Ortega y Gasset, a philosopher concerned with technology more than any other. This article refers to a number of his essays and considers the state of our profession today, while offering the reader the chance to reflect on and piece together the "backbone" of 21St engineering.


In the field of information technology (IT) enabled business networks and research the traditional data mining approach is theoretically and practically inadequate for knowledge eliction and management requirements in inter-organizational collaborative business environments. The issues are mostly related to fundamentally and philosophically narrow conceptions of the meaning of information, and are grounded to the metatheoretical implications of positivistic, nomothetic and objective view of reality that restricts the feasibility of research oriented application based on them. Here a novel research framework for network-wide knowledge discovery is presented that is based on sociologically anti-positivistic, ideographic and subjective view of society construed from social facts. The theoretical framework is further developed here by synthesizing it with and extracting results from existing research models and artefacts originated in analyzing a variety of business networks (for example, a case study concentrating on modeling the IT enabled service provision of local travel industry value chain). The main contribution here is the explication and elaboration of existing and emerging business network research theories and related stakeholder-level practical considerations focusing on topics such as: multidisciplinary research conceptualizations, information asymmetry reduction by benefiting from contract law oriented functional principles, and network-wide knowledge governance approaches. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-60566-906-9.ch015


Face masks are becoming an essential part of every person's life to protect against COVID-19, air pollution, etc. In public venues like airports, hospitals, malls, and many other locations, face masks are now required. This research introduces a unique method for face mask identification that combines deep learning and machine learning. Thepade Sorted 10-ary Block Trucation Code with RGB colour plane, Thepade Sorted Block Truncation Code with LUV colour plane, Local Binary Pattern method, and Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrics are used for feature extraction. Deep learning techniques are used to train these retrieved characteristics. Accuracy, precision, and f1-score are the performance measures used to evaluate performance.


Magnetoelectric (ME) composite materials find many applications due to their high magnetoelectric (ME) coefficient (αME) at room temperature. A dual-peak phenomenon is reported in the curves of the magnetoelectric coefficient (αME) versus the static magnetic field (HS) for Terfenol-D/PZT/Terfenol-D tri-layered composites of rectangular shape. The first peak corresponds to the maximum of the piezomagnetic coefficient d33, m of the Terfenol-D plate, and the second is caused by the resonance of the laminate under the applied alternating magnetic field. The position of the first peak in the αME versus HS curve shifts slightly as the frequency increases. The position of the second peak, however, moves considerably toward higher HS values as the frequency increases. An analysis based on the equivalent circuit method is proposed, which incorporates the constitutive model and the change in Young's modulus with the applied static magnetic field (ΔE effect) for Terfenol-D. The theoretical prediction agrees well with the experimental observations. This finding is of importance for both the basic understanding of the ME composites and for device applications such as detection of magnetic materials.


The present paper deal with the unique fabrication of Fresnel zone plate(FZP) by laser direct drawing and with the step blazed FZP by glass etching,in addition, its optical characteristics experiment. The FZP is the typical diffractive optical element(DOE),and superior in many characteristics to the other elements such as refractive lenses or reflective mirrors. There are several means to fabricate the FZP,direct laser drawing is used for convenience. The computer generated holography(CGH) method is used efficiently for the pattern generation.The FZP composed of photo resist thin film is fabricated by laser direct drawing and 2, 3 and 4 level step blazed FZP is fabricated by repetition of direct drawing and glass etching. Diffraction efficiency and focusing characteristics are evaluated for various groove depth. In relation to diffraction efficiency, 89 to 97% of theoretical value is achieved, and the maximum efficiency is proved to arise at reasonable depth of the groove.The FZP fabricated is able to focus the laser beam to the theoretical limit.


Comprehension mistakes and frauds may both be detected via the analysis of advanced metering information. By means of on-site examinations or even other techniques, the energy suppliers will be made aware of any suspect usage patterns by this study. The analysis of usage patterns using Machine Learning (ML) techniques may reveal errors, measuring interruptions from assaults, or fine motor control with utility companies. Another of the basic instances of an anomaly detection is fraud detection since it is difficult to categories transactional or utilization information. Additionally, scams vary in type, making it difficult to consistently learn from them. This research study presents an unsupervised ML method to identify out-of-the-ordinary qualities in time series, set a threshold for the proportion of out-of-the-ordinary readings towards the overall measurements, and then classify the moving average as questionable or not. Initially, two different methods are provided to find the differences in time-series based data streaming: Spectral Residual-Convolutional Neural Network and anomaly trained model based on martingales. The properly established information is then subjected to Fisher Linear Discriminant analysis and Two-Class Boosted Decision Tree applications.


This paper presents a low power wide tuning range 0.18 mum CMOS voltage-controlled oscillator. The VCO is oscillating at 1.5 times of the LO frequency to reduce the size of tank inductor. Capacitor bank switching is adopted to increase the VCO tuning range. To ensure oscillation at low frequency band, the bias current is adjusted automatically with respect to oscillation frequency. The frequency coverage of the CMOS VCO is from 675 MHz to 1275 MHz, and the tuning range is 62%. The operation supply voltage and power consumption of the VCO are 1V and 5 mW, respectively. The measured phase noise is - 98 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset.


Throughout colonial Spanish America, the missionaries recreated a moralized bestiary drawn from medieval referents and applied to the fauna of the New World. This was the case of the cane toad, kururu (Rhinella diptycha), which was assimilated with the European common toad (Bufo bufo) in the Jesuit missions of Paraguay. In this context, it was used to speed up Lent confessions, embody the Christian concept of lust, and counteract the influence of shamans. This exemplary use of the toad was applied throughout the continent and triggered a paradoxical revival of shamanism, as demonstrated by sources in Guaraní, Nahuatl, and Quechua studied in a long-term perspective.


Globalization is a term that is closely related to culture and social and global identity. Global culture has grown along with the growth of global capitalism and the information transparency. When globalization becomes an avoidable wave that attacks all nations all over the world, it obviously gives a positive impac t that is the availability to see the life of people, especially women, who live in the other parts of the world. In western communities, women can do their double-roles openly. However, in some cases, globalization also motivates the strengthening of production roles. Women no longer only do their domestic roles. It has brought a change in women's identity, especially in the Asian Communities, that are socially, ethnically, and traditionally different from the western communities. The emergence of global identities in the women's roles, in fact, impacts the life of people in the third-world countries in Southeast Asia especially Indonesia. It has triggered the change of women social position in the society. Balinese women have known not only the double -roles but also another role that is social (the desa adat) role from long ago. In fact, in a study conducted in Bali shows that globalization has motivated the emergence of strengthening their social identities.


Single molecule detection in solution offers the prospect of counting individual molecules within small quantities of sample for ultrasensitive chemical analysis [1] and of enabling new approaches for bio-technology applications, such as rapid DNA sequencing and the detection of rare fluorescently-labeled biomolecules. However, further developments in the techniques are required in order to move from the proof-of-principle experiments reported to date, to the level of capability required for realization of the applications. In particular, an increase in the rate at which single molecules can be efficiently detected is required.


An EU dataset shows that state-owned enterprises (SOEs) have lower capital costs than private firms and the default risk does not affect capital costs for SOEs only. State guarantees are an insufficient explanation as they are imperfect in the EU. We propose that prosocial preferences can affect capital costs if SOEs are perceived as socially beneficial. In two experiments, people attribute social benefits more to SOEs than to private firms and their propensity to invest depend on this attitude. Further, participants invest into options with positive externalities even if the aggregate return is lower than that of options without externalities.


Amino acids are effective taste stimuli for the channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. From the results of neurophysiological and behavioral studies? at least two different classes of taste receptors have been inferred: one responding to alanine and some other neutral amino acids, the other responding to arginine. While the alanine binding site has been extensively characterized,' less is known of the site(s) for L-arginine binding. We report here the initial characterization of the arginine binding site@). Binding of L-[ 'Hlarginine to the sedimentable Fraction P2 from the taste epithelium was measured by a modification of the method of Krueger and CaganP in which an isotope dilution step was included to reduce nonspecific binding. Time and pH for measuring maximal binding activity were established. At pH 7.8, the rate constant for association at 4°C was 1 . 1 x 10' M-l min-I. Dissociation was more complex, yielding rate constants of 1.4 min-' and 4.1 x lo-' min-'. These data suggest the presence of at least two binding sites for arginine with K,s of 1.3 x lo-' M and 3.7 X lo-' M. Homologous inhibition studies of L-arginine binding yielded a complex curve (which did not fit a simple mass action relationship [Hill coefficient 0.791). These data are consistent with the presence of high and low affinity sites for L-arginine. The K,,, as calculated from IC, values are 4.2 X lo-' M for the high-affinity state and 8.4 x M for the low-affinity site. The ability of D-arginine, L-lysine, L-a-amino-0-guanidino-propionic acid (L-AGPA), and L-arginine to displace L-['H] arginine binding was tested under equilibrium conditions. The complex patterns of inhibition by L-arginine and L-lysine also support the existence of at least two different affinity classes of the receptor. LAGPA and D-arginine inhibited binding of only the lower affinity L-arginine site. Significant inhibition of L-glutamate, glycine, and L-alanine occurred only above lo-' M, indicating that the binding site(s) for L-arginine are selective. Using multiunit recordings, neurophysiological studies examined the stimulatory effectiveness of a number of guanidinium-containing compounds. Only L-arginine, L-arginine methyl ester, and L-AGPA were effective stimuli. Cross-adaptation experiments using the same preparation examined the ability of lo-' M glycine, L-AGPA, L-lysine, Darginine, L-glutamate, and L-alanine to inhibit responses to M L-arginine. Only L-AGPA was an effective cross-adapting stimulus. These results indicate that effective agonists of L-arginine receptors must contain a guanidinium group and an unblocked


We report a comprehensive list of accurate Ritz wavelengths for parity-forbidden [Co ii] and [V ii] lines obtained from the analysis of energy levels measured in the laboratory with Fourier transform emission spectroscopy. Such lines, particularly those in the infrared, are in demand for the analysis of low-density astrophysical plasmas in and around objects such as planetary nebulae, star-forming regions, and active galactic nuclei. Transitions between all known metastable levels of Co ii and V ii are included in our analysis, producing wavelengths for 1477 [V ii] lines and 782 [Co ii] lines. Of these, 170 [V ii] lines and 171 [Co ii] lines arise from transitions with calculated transition probabilities greater than 1 × 10−2 s−1 and upper level excitations of less than 5 eV, and thus are likely to be observed in astrophysical spectra.


Gas turbine combustor designers frequently need to address the impacts of variable fuel composition and fuel flexibility on emissions. CHEMKIN-PRO's reactor models can be combined to simulate gas turbines and predict the impacts of fuel composition variation on combustion. The mixing, flow, and combustion in a gas turbine combustor create a complicated scenario, but a network of reactors allows simulation of this complex situation. Here, we demonstrate using Perfectly Stirred and Plug-flow Reactor models to create a network for predicting NOx emissions from a gas turbine combustor with variable syngas (CO/H2) composition.


Abstract Rissoa membranacea of the Roskildefjord, Denmark, is divided into two distinct types as a result of investigations of its external morphology and reproduction. In the A type the initial embryonic shell is small and the larval development pelagic. Shell length seems to vary according to environmental factors, particularly to salinity. Although the A type tolerates salinities below 15‰ a salinity higher than 18–19 ‰ is needed for development of maximal shell length. In the B type the initial embryonic shell is large and the development non-pelagic with 'nurse-embryos', not previously described. It has little variation in morphology and seems to prefer a salinity range of 15–19 ‰


The coal-fired boiler facility, a coal dryer for drying the coal (11), a boiler (14) for burning the dried coal is mixed with combustion air in a coal drier (11), a boiler (14) heating the combustion air supplied to the boiler (14) by the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the air heater (15), dust collector for collecting dust contained in the combustion exhaust gas (17), desulfurized combustion gas comprising a desulfurization apparatus for performing (18), a heat recovery unit for heating the heat medium by the combustion exhaust gas (16), a coal dryer (11), the heating medium heated in the heat recovery unit (16) heat drying coal using energy


One of the most serious problem in rural economy is the unstability of land-contracted relationship which dampens the enthusiasm of peasants in production greatly. The land-contracted relationship has been critisized constantly since 1985 for the slow divelopment of rural economy.The family-united contracted producing system of resposibility as the regulations does have some maladies which can not be got rid of and it should be reformed. Howerer, the land-contracted relationship which has been very popular in countryside should not be shaken. The only way of stabilizing the rural land-contracted relationship is to set up the cooperative stock system.


The article examines the peculiarities of the labor market in the region, presents the dynamics of its main indicators characterizing employment, unemployment, and the educational level of labor market participants. The assessment of the revealed trends in the development of the labor market, including the impact of the pandemic on its indicators, is given. The predicted values of labor market indicators are obtained. This made it possible to formulate the most relevant areas of influence of the state policy of regulating the labor market in the region.


Abstract In the article, I deal with an apparent case of incoherence within the framework of Functional Generative Description (FGD) in treating certain reflexive constructions. According to the principle that differences between valency frames are constitutive for establishing different lexical units (e.g., Žabokrtský and Lopatková, 2007), the occurrences of vnímat in (i) Vnímá syna jako soka and (ii) Sám se vnímá jako síla ochraňující divadlo have to be assigned to two different lexical units, as there is a difference in the formal marking of the Effect-argument (jako+accusative case in (i), jako+nominative case in (ii)). On the basis of the commutation test (e.g., Panevová, 2008) which identifies the reflexive clitic se in (ii) as an object-clitic, both occurrences of vnímat have to be, however, assigned to the same lexical unit as the only difference between vnímá syna in (i) and vnímá se in (ii) consists in the lexical filling of the object position. In the main part of the text, I review two different strategies to remedy the conflict between the two principles. I point out certain implications of both strategies and conclude by pleading for a solution within the framework of Modified Valency Theory (Karlík, 2000a)


The utility model provides a toy car safeguard, which comprises a car body in a specific shape. The rear part of the baseplate of the car is equipped with an electromotor. Front and back tyres of the toy car are connected with the electromotor through gearings. The middle of the front end of the baseplate of the car is provided with a motor control switch. A microswitch having a driving disc is arranged below the baseplate of the car. When the utility model is used, and collision occurs to the toy car during moving, the switch is operated to switch off the power supply automatically. In this way, not only the security is increased, but also generation of excess heat and damage resulting from excess load of the motor are prevented. When the toy car is free of load, namely, the toy car is not put on the ground, and is put on a hand, or is reversed due to collision during movement, a driving switch of the electromotor can not be grounded, and the electromotor is prevented from running idly unnecessarily, and energy source waste is accordingly prevented.


Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) has become the standard treatment for acute kidney injury or severe metabolic derangement in the pediatric intensive care unit.Anticoagulation for circuit patency is the prerequisite during CRRT operation.Regional citrate anticoagulation for CRRT is more effective and safe than systemic or regional heparin.Regional citrate anticoagulation can decrease the risk of circuit loss and filter failure; furthermore, it is safer than systemic heparin anticoagulation for the reduction of bleeding risk.Complications of citrate anticoagulation(such as acid-base imbalance and electrolyte disturbances) can be avoided by using an appropriate protocol and regular monitoring.Therefore, citrate should be considered as the first choice for anticoagulation during CRRT in critically ill pediatric patients, and further studies are needed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of citrate anticoagulation in the pediatric population.

Key words:
Continuous renal replacement therapy; Citrate; Heparin; Regional anticoagulation


Central Gujarat is often called the 'laboratory of Hindutva'. This paper examines how complicity during the Gujarat pogrom in 2002 was tied to an imagery of sacrifice invoked through a language of ritual and diet. By means of the spectacle of uncanny terrorism, the deployment of sacrificial language, rumours of abduction of young women, and circulation of images of excess, a Hindu victim was mimetically constructed through Muslim victimisation. Ahimsa, initially deployed as an ethical critique of the violence of sacrifice, was transformed into an element of violent identification contributing to widespread complicity among residents of the city of Ahmedabad.


Aqua -business is emerging as an important livelihood option for the coastal fisher
folk. Among diversified technological options crab farming provides immense
opportunity as an alternative for the declinil1g shrimp aquaculture ill disease prone
regions. Further it enables the utilization of the under utilized wafer bodies for
better aqua productivity. Crab farming has been transferred to 40 fisher folk ill two
coastal villages of Kerala by setting up demonstration farms and imparting training.
This study shows that crab farming is highly profitable for small and marginal
farmers. The major constraint for wider adoption and propagation and lack of hatchery
produced seeds


PURPOSE: To obtain a triphendioxadine reactive dye having high fixation properties and very good buildup properties to cellulosic fibers, especially, cotton by reacting the reactant components of the corresponding dye or subjecting them to like operation and reacting the product with aminosulfone. CONSTITUTION: There are provided reactive dyes which are selected among reactive dyes represented by formula I and are color bases of formula II having β(β'-chloroethylsulfonyl)alkylamine, excluding the compounds described in European Patent No. A-499 588, p 38. The objective reactive dye is obtained by reacting the corresponding dye (formula III or IV or the like) with a reactant component of formula V or condensing a color-forming compound of any one of formulas II to IV or the like with a trihalogenotriazine to form a dye of formula VI and reacting this dye with an equimolar amount of aminosulfone. In the formulae, Y 1 is a group of formula VII; A is a linking part; B is an aliphatic linking part; R 1 is H or the like; R 2 is H 2 or the like; Q is -O- or the like; X is F or the like; Z is ethylene group or the like; Y 2 is an amino or the like; m is 1 or 2; n is 1 or 2; T 1 and T 2 are each Cl or the like; and R 3 and R 4 are each a 1 or 2C alkyl or the like. COPYRIGHT: (C)1995,JPO


This symposium focuses on promoting innovation by exploring opportunities , championing new ideas in organizations, collaborating with competitors and acquiring new knowledge, in Chinese Companies. Could Bureaucracy Enhance Innovation in Chinese Technology Intensive Firms? Presenter: Deborah Morgensztern; Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Presenter: Weiguo Zhong; Peking U. Presenter: Miriam Erez; Technion Israel Institute of Technology Presenter: Cynthia Lee; Northeastern U. The Role of Champions in Driving Team Innovation Presenter: Miriam Erez; Technion Israel Institute of Technology Presenter: Lin Zhang; National Sun Yat-Sen U. Presenter: Cynthia Lee; Northeastern U. Presenter: Humphrey Leung; Solomon Systech Limited Presenter: Warren C. K Chiu; Hong Kong Polytechnic U. How China Built Market Leadership in E-Commerce Presenter: Shlomo Maital; Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Presenter: Dennis Lee; Shantou U. Presenter: Jiali Lin; Shantou U. Presenter: Qiang Liang; Shantou U. Presenter:...


The diagnostics and estimation ways and methods of visual abilities of students under organization of research work on design while getting the professional art education are considered. The features of approach towards the process of diagnostics of visual abilities of students are determined.


requires a functional gut-vagus nerve-brain axis to trigger insulin secretion in controls and type 2 diabetic mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 315: G671–G684, 2018. glucagon-like pep-tide-1 (GLP-1) regulates glucose-induced insulin secretion through both direct (cid:2) -cell-dependent and indirect gut-brain axis-dependent pathways. However, little is known about the mode of action of the GLP-1 receptor agonist lixisenatide. We studied the effects of lixisenatide (intraperitoneal injection) on insulin secretion, gastric emptying, vagus nerve activity, and brain c-Fos activation in naive, chronically vagotomized, GLP-1 receptor knockout (KO), high-fat diet-fed diabetic mice, or db/db mice. Lixisenatide dose-dependently increased oral glucose-induced insulin secretion that is correlated with a decrease of glycemia. In addition, lixisenatide inhibited gastric emptying. These effects of lixisenatide were abolished in vagotomized mice, characterized by a delay of gastric emptying and in GLP-1 receptor KO mice. Intraperitoneal administration of lixisenatide also increased the vagus nerve firing rate and the number of c-Fos-labeled neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) of the brainstem. In diabetic mouse models, lixisenatide increased the firing rate of the vagus nerve when administrated simultaneously to an intraduodenal glucose. It increased also insulin secretion and c-Fos activation in the NTS. our findings that lixisenatide requires a functional vagus nerve and neuronal gut-brain-islets axis as well as the GLP-1 receptor to regulate glucose-induced insulin secretion in healthy and diabetic mice. 4, treat type 2 diabetic patients. the mode of of endogenous GLP-1 mode of GLP-1 lixisenatide Here, lixisenatide the vagus gut-brain GLP-1 receptor decrease gastric emptying and insulin secretion glycemia.


Italy is one of the iconic migrant-sending countries to North America and the rest of Europe; Spanish immigrants also fanned out across the Americas and Europe. For over a century, marginalized Southern Europeans took the jobs others were unable or unwilling to take. Yet, these former countries of mass emigration have, in a couple of short decades, become gateways for hundreds of thousands of mostly African and Latin American immigrants to other European Union destinations and, increasingly, the final destination. In the context of a declining native birthrate, this has largely been engineered by countries that, in spite of high unemployment, have critical shortages in some work sectors. Yet, it's very similar of Aristide Zolberg's famous observation that "immigrant workers are wanted, but not welcome." The challenge for Italy and Spain, like nearly all countries with high levels of low-skilled immigrant labor, is to simultaneously keep the employers supplied with cheap labor (through highly selective law enforcement and policy loopholes) while attempting to dampen the inevitable backlash against foreign immigrant workers. But what if the very policies—inscribed in law—that attract them virtually ensure their continued marginalization and even criminalization? This is Kitty Calavita's forceful central argument as she examines a paradox: Italy and Spain's efforts at immigrant integration are not simply lip service, even pursued by some otherwise anti-immigration politicians, and yet these efforts are doomed to failure due to the "economics of [othering]."


A resource search model based on small-world clustering is designed for solving the different resource searching and locating in P2P network effectively.Taking the small-world model as the theoretical basis to construct the P2P network model with local clustering phenomena and short path,the model achieves global searching for resources in the manner of hierarchical forwarding.The simulation experiment shows that the resource search model based on small-world clustering has higher searching success rate and shorter average searching path.


Phytoremediation - the use of plants and its associated microbial communities in the rizosphere to degrade, isolate and immobilize contaminants in soil and water - is a relatively cheap technique with aesthetic advantages free of additional impacts. However, most studies with plants to recover contaminated sites have been carried out in countries with temperate climate, where the potential of phytoremediation is limited by climate factors. In Brazil, knowledge regarding the phytoremediation potential of different species for tropical soils is still undeveloped. Associated to the lack of assessment and decision-making tools, the environmental agencies face great difficulties in recommending phytoremediation strategies. This review briefly describes phytoremediation mechanisms and discusses social, economic and regulatory aspects which represent limitations to the full development of this technique, in comparison to conventional techniques that are better known and accepted by environmental agencies and companies. Finally, the current and future Brazilian market for phytoremediation is discussed with suggestions regarding experimental protocols and tools to support decision-making, with a view to promote the application of phytoremediation whenever it appears to be the most appropriate option.


ABSTRACT A commonly accepted concept holds that highly fertile, shallow soils are predominant in the Basaltic Hillsides of Santa Catarina State, in southern Brazil, but their agricultural use is restricted, either by excessive stoniness, low effective depth or steep slopes. Information about soil properties and distribution along the slopes in this region is, however, scarce, especially regarding genesis and clay fraction mineralogy. The objective of this study was to evaluate soil properties of 12 profiles distributed in three toposequences (T) [...]


Based on Grey system theory,this paper elaborated how to construct the GM(1,1) dynamic model of groundwater level time sequences in detail,and took the Wujiang city groundwater level as example.By comparing the real value and prediction value,the paper checked the forecast precision of model,and the results showed that the forecast precision of GM(1,1) dynamic model was 99.27%,reaching to the first degree,with practical application value,and would provide the foundation for groundwater resource scientific management.


Recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck malignancies seem to have increased the chances of finding multiple primary cancers.Of the 220 patients with head and neck malignancies, treated in Shizuoka Red Cross Hospital from November, 1989 to October, 1994, 23 (10.5%) had multiple primary malignancies. The mean age of the 23 patients was 64.2 years and the male to female ratio was 4.8:1. Sixteen cancers developed metachronously and 4 synchronously. The most frequent site of second malignancies was the digestive tract, particularly the esophagus.We shoud pay attention to the possibility of multiple malignant tumors. Endoscopic examination of the upper digestive tract with Lugol's solution staining is recommended for all patients with head and neck malignancies.


An important issue in extending the life of jointed plain concrete pavement is the proper construction and maintenance of transverse joints. The capabilities of an ultrasonic tomography device in providing information essential to joint rehabilitation decisions as well as the quality control of rehabilitation construction are presented. Testing was conducted at various partial-depth repair locations of a recently repaired in-service highway to determine the presence and extent of debonding between the partial-depth repair and the existing concrete. Testing also was conducted at the Minnesota Road Research Facility to evaluate the subsurface condition along various transverse joints. Real-time diagnosis with the intensity-based signals of the synthetic aperture focusing technique was successful in pinpointing the location of debonded concrete interfaces within partial-depth repairs. Ultrasonic tomography testing also showed the capability of identifying that a joint is in need of repair and subsequently diagnosing the extent of subsurface deterioration throughout the joint.


Susan Golden did not set out to become an expert in biological clocks, the internal timepieces that keep life on Earth adjusted to a 24-hour cycle. Instead, Golden, elected in 2010 to the National Academy of Sciences, wanted to identify the genes that underpin photosynthesis. However, her focus changed in 1986 with the discovery of biological clocks in cyanobacteria (1).

Susan S. Golden.

Because cyanobacteria are among Earth's earliest living organisms, the discovery made clear that biological clocks are evolutionarily ancient. Golden had been studying photosynthesis in cyanobacteria since graduate school. Her reason was simple: Cyanobacteria are single-celled, and thus they are much easier to manipulate in a laboratory than plants. With her expertise in cyanobacteria, Golden found herself well-positioned to identify the genes and proteins that make the clock tick. "Cyanobacteria are present in niches and habitats all over the planet," she says. "They're very good at adapting to their habitat and that adaptation involves doing things at the right time." Their timekeeping ability, she adds, helps cyanobacteria generate about 30% of atmospheric oxygen.

Over the years, Golden and her collaborators have revealed that the clock in cyanobacteria works like a mechanical clock, complete with oscillators, gears, and hands. In her recent research, including her Inaugural Article, Golden has shown how clock proteins interact to synchronize the internal clock with the external 24-hour cycle (2, 3). To Golden's own surprise, this recent line of inquiry has taken her back to her roots in photosynthesis. Her findings show that cyanobacteria don't use sensory photoreceptors, proteins that convey light-related information into the body in mammals, to set their clocks. Instead, cyanobacteria integrate the ability to tell time with their photosynthetic apparatus. In retrospect, says Golden, this finding makes sense: In the prokaryote's world, she says, "If photosynthesis is running, …


The Intellectual Protection Unit of the Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology (ICAT) of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) has been in existence for two decades. During its first fifteen years of life, the political and economic situation of the country, as well as the influence of innovation theories, guided university work, to promote the development and transfer of technology generated in higher education institutions, towards companies through the establishment of the triple helix formed by the efforts of the government, universities, and companies, all this to boost the economy and the well-being of society. As of 2018, with the advent of the Fourth transformation (4T) proposed, installed, and promoted by the new government, new austerity measures were implemented and many of the schemes used to license technological research and development were modified.Currently, a new federal government Law on Science, Technology, Humanities, and Innovation has been approved. It proposes intensifying austerity and controlling budgetary allocation to priority government projects with an intense tinge of social benefit.Taking advantage of the lessons learned during its previous years of performance, this paper proposes that the work of the ICAT R&D project management and linkage office should not fall into a situation of paralysis but rather adjust its management strategies to take advantage of the situation to fully fulfill its mission pursuing the increase the social impact of its results.


Among the more recent developments in the historiography of the sciences accounts involving the systems theory by Niklas Luhmann have shown quite prolific in terms of published results and sources. The article investigates the hold of the theoretical grounds of systems theory for the several applications in the field of the history of German literary Scholarship, i. e. the Germanistik, and for this reason expands on the related project conducted by the German Research Society (DFG). In the course of this examination several cruces of theory transfer, especially concerning systems theory towards historiography, will be addressed, such as a deficit in operational application, the essentially ahistoric design of systems theory and its questionable inherent presuppositions on the processes of science.


Although re-expansion pulmonary edema (RPE) is rare (incidence rate <1%), it is associated with a mortality rate of >20%; therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are important. We report a case of RPE following chest tube insertion in a patient with spontaneous pneumothorax. We have specifically focused on the mechanism underlying RPE and the possible etiology. An 82-year-old man with a history of chronic anemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension was referred to the emergency department for management of recurrent right-sided pneumothorax. We performed emergency closed thoracostomy for suspected tension pneumothorax, which led to stabilization of the patient's vital signs; however, he coughed up frothy pink sputum accompanied by severe right-sided chest pain 30 min postoperatively. The patient showed new-onset right pulmonary consolidation on chest radiography, as well as desaturation, tachycardia, and tachypnea and was diagnosed with RPE. He was transferred to the intensive care unit for mechanical ventilation and supportive treatment using diuretics, ionotropic agents, and prophylactic antibiotics. RPE gradually resolved, and the patient was extubated 3 days after admission. He has not experienced recurrent pneumothorax or pulmonary disease for 4 months. We emphasize the importance of RPE prevention and that aggressive ventilator care and supportive treatment can effectively treat RPE following an accurate understanding of the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms and risk factors.


Nowadays, the existence of a strong group of internationalized companies is considered critical for countries' growth and prosperity. Most governments, recognizing the importance of increasing the openness of their economies, are implementing a range of policies to promote internationalization. This dissertation aims to review such policies, notably those geared to stimulating firms' outward internationalization (exports, contractual modes, and outward foreign direct investment). After presenting the theoretical underpinnings of firms' internationalization and the rationale for public policy intervention, the dissertation will review the relevant literature and will provide an overview of policies followed in different countries. This is an important contribution as literature on outward internationalization policies is scarce and mainly focused on a specific country case, usually in terms of export promotion only, and there are no comprehensive overviews or comparative papers. Another contribution is provided at the empirical level, by testing (using a unique dataset gathered for this effect, and several alternative econometric models) the determinants of the use of incentives (in general and according to different types of incentives) by firms based in Portugal.


Recently more and more ethical issues arise in several sciences. We think that didactics of mathematics is not an exception. In this paper we investigate the question whether we can allow from mathematical precision in talent care. We suggest that these questions origin even from the formulation of a problem. The formulation of three well-known math problem is analized.


AIM: To determine the changes of the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, C reactive protein (CRP) and D-dimer in the patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and compare the relationship between the levels of cytokines in early stage and MODS. METHODS: The serum values of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, CRP and D-dimer were measured in 27 patients with MODS in 1 d, 3 d and 5 d after undergoing disease, and compared with the adult peripheral blood of 15 normal controls. The levels in the first undergoing day between the lived group (n=19) and died group (n=8) were compared. RESULTS: The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, CRP and D-dimer in MODS group were higher than that in control (P0.05). With the development of the MODS, the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, CRP and D-dimer were higher gradually. The level of IL-10 was increased at the third day. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, CRP and D-dimer in the first day of MODS in died group were higher than those in lived group, especially IL-6 and D-dimer (P0.01). CONCLUSION: Determining the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, CRP and D-dimer in MODS patients is helpful to guide the diagnosis and outcome. [


Abstract An area of intense thunderstorms occurred within the special rawinsonde network collecting data on 20–21 May 1979, the fifth day of the Atmospheric Variability Experiment-Severe Environmental Storms and Mesoscale Experiment (AVE-SESAME). The data are at the meso β-scale, i.e., 75 km spacing and 3 or 1.5 h intervals. They are used to perform a kinetic energy analysis of the near storm environment. The mesoscale storm environment is characterized by cross-contour generation of kinetic energy, transfers of energy to nonresolvable scales of motion (negative dissipation), horizontal flux divergence and upward transport of energy. These processes are maximized within the upper troposphere and are greatest during times of strongest convection. Current mesoscale values are much larger than previous results based on synoptic-scale data. Energy budgets are obtained at 3 h intervals from the routine National Weather Service rawinsonde network. A comparison of results from the same analysis region, but deriv...


BACKGROUND
Since the introduction of the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) guideline (CG064) in 2008 recommending cessation of antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) against infective endocarditis (IE), low level prescribing persists in the UK and is a potential reason why there has been no significant change in the general upward trend in cases of IE.

AIM
To undertake a survey of dentists (Ds), cardiologists and cardiothoracic surgeons (C/CTSs) and infection specialists (ISs) to determine why this might be the case.

DESIGN
Internet questionnaire-based survey.

METHODS
A questionnaire was distributed by email to specialists via UK national societies.

RESULTS
A total of 1168 responses were received. All the specialist groups are aware of the guideline (99%). Ds are broadly satisfied, whereas C/CTSs are not. Most Ds follow the NICE guidance (87%), whereas many C/CTSs (39%) do not; ISs adopt a middle course (56%). Even amongst Ds, a significant proportion believe that patients with a prosthetic heart valve (25%) or previous history of IE (38%) should receive AP. A total of 36% of Ds have prescribed AP since March 2008 and many have undertaken procedures where AP has been prescribed by someone else. The majority of respondents (65%) feel that more evidence is required, preferably in the form of a randomized controlled trial.

CONCLUSION
Many patients perceived to be at high risk of IE are still receiving AP in conflict with current NICE guidance.


It is a plug-in coupling for Kryoleitungen with at least two in the manner of a male / female connection while forming an annular gap (15) nested tubes (3, 4, 9, 10) described in which the tubes (3, 4, 9, 10) through a "warm" at its flange end located (5, 11) are detachably connected to one another, the annular gap (16) between the two pipes (4, 9) at the "cold" end by an annular seal (7) and at the "warm" ring seal (5d) located by the region of the flange connection (5, 11) is sealed and the annular gap (16) in the region of the flange connection (5, 11) with a safety valve (13) is connected.


The indictment is the formal document containing a list of the charges against the accused, to which he pleads either guilty or not guilty at the beginning of his trial on indictment. A jury may try only one indictment at a time: Crane v DPP [1921] AC 299. The law on drafting indictments is contained principally in the Indictments Act 1915 (IA) and the CrimPR, Part 10.


The reactions of polymerization of butadiene and styrene initiated by Bu 3 SnLi were studied. It was found that the different behavior of initiators bearing Sn-Li and C-Li bonds is predominantly determined by the nature of monomer. Polymerization of butadiene catalyzed by Bu 3 SnLi in hexane proceeds similarly to the same process initiated by n-BuLi. A quite different picture is observed in the polymerization of styrene. In toluene, the reactivity of a Sn-Li bond in the reaction of styrene addition is several orders of magnitude lower than that of a C-Li bond. As a result, polymerization initiated by Bu 3 SnLi proceeds extremely slowly, and the molecular mass of the polymer is many times higher than the calculated value. In THF, styrene undergoes a rapid polymerization without any pronounced induction period when Bu 3 SnLi is used as an initiator, and only a small fraction of the initial initiator is involved in the process. For the reaction of chain propagation, the rate is not only many times lower than that in the case of usual poly(styryllithium), which is determined by a contribution of free ions, but is almost two orders of magnitude lower than the rate of chain propagation involving poly(styryllithium) contact ion pairs. It is suggested that the specific features of styrene polymerization carried out in a nonpolar medium are mainly related to a difference in the rates of initiation involving Sn-Li and C-Li bonds, whereas a decreased reactivity of active centers due to complex formation with organotin groups is the determining factor in the case of THF.


Karyological phenomena of the crown gall tumor that develops by a specific bacterium attract much scientific interest from the following aspects: 1) The nuclear behavior of host cells which coexist with invading bacteria; 2) The nuclear behavior of the cells in dedifferentiating or developing tissue as a tumor; 3) The relation to animal tumors. The present author has previously studied not only the chromosome number but also karyotypes of the crown gall tumor cells in three different host plants. Unexpectedly these studies revealed that there were three different karyological characteristics. The first was seen in the sunflower, in which no aberrant chromosomal phenomena, including number, shape and mitotic anaphase separation, could be recognized (Kodama 197


After the concept of deformation quantization had been introduced into mathematical physics by Bayen{Flato{Fronsdal{Lichnerowicz{Sternheimer [1] more than 25 years ago, various existence and classi cation results for star products on a symplectic or Poisson manifold have appeared. Among the most prominent ones are the rst existence proof due to deWilde{ Lecomte [4] which uses cohomological methods, the geometric construction of a star product on a symplectic manifold by Fedosov [5, 6] and, nally, the existence proof in the Poisson case by Kontsevich [8]. A common feature of all these approaches is that the space to be quantized may not possess singularities. But many symplectic or Poisson spaces appearing in mathematical physics are singular. For instance, the spaces obtained by symplectic reduction are in general not smooth, but can be strati ed into smooth symplectic pieces according to the work of Sjamaar-Lerman [12]. So the natural question arises, whether an arbitrary symplectic or Poisson strati ed spaces has a deformation quantization as well. In this work we consider a particular class of symplectic strati ed spaces, namely symplectic orbifolds, and show for this class the existence of a star product. To this end we generalize Fedosov's construction to the orbifold setting. Our article is set up as follows. In the rst section we recall the notion of a strati cation and elaborate on the canonical strati cation of an orbit space by orbit types. In Section 2 we de ne orbifolds and introduce the notion of a vector orbibundle as needed for our construction of an orbifold star product. In fact, we set up an approach to orbifolds which allows in nite dimensional orbifolds and avoids unnecessary restrictions on the codimension of the xed point sets of the local isotropy groups. The latter entails for example that one can regard manifolds with boundary or with corners as particular orbifolds. Concerning vector orbibundles we give a very convenient characterization of the smooth sections of a vector orbibundle in Proposition 2.14. This result entails in particular that Fedosovs construction of a star product can be


To improve quality of OSEM SPECT reconstruction in the mesh domain, we implemented an adaptive mesh generation method that produces tomographic mesh consisting of triangular elements with size and density commensurate with geometric detail of the objects. Node density and element size change smoothly as a function of distance from the edges and edge curvature without creation of 'bad' elements. Tomographic performance of mesh-based OSEM reconstruction is controlled by the tomographic mesh structure, i.e. node density distribution, which in turn is ruled by the number of key points on the boundaries. A greedy algorithm is used to influence the distribution of nodes on the boundaries. The relationship between tomographic mesh properties and OSEM reconstruction quality has been investigated. We conclude that by selecting adequate number of key points, one can produce a tomographic mesh with lowest number of nodes that is sufficient to provide desired quality of reconstructed images, appropriate for the imaging system properties.


Board games may serve as the vehicle for students to experience teamwork skills in a low-stakes environment, facilitating discussion of the value of good teamwork practices. This work has evolved to a point where "refresher" activities for higher level students are the next logical step. Our research question asks: which games are most appropriate for developing specific skills, especially associated with teamwork? A Delphi Study is underway to allow for a panel of experts to facilitate the aspect of connecting teamwork to game elements. The panel of experts consists of game designers, game reviewers, game publishers, game store owners, and prominent game collectors. The panel will go through multiple cycles to identify the above characteristics. The panel will be guided through the lexicon of teamwork to better equip them on how to decide the most appropriate alignment between game mechanics and teamwork skills. From this analysis, the research team will be equipped to catalog which games are best aligned with the skills educators wish to develop or reinforce for their engineering students. Some skills beyond teamwork the games will be targeted towards are communication, effort coordination, adaptability, and risk assessment for decision making.


Online shopping is a new mode in the era of e-commerce. That consumers shopping online or not is relevant with business credibility, e-commerce technology and logistics and so on.The paper analyzed the advantages and disadvantages from the consumers' point of view, and corresponding strategies are proposed to solve the problems.