tag=1 data=Islam in Indonesian politics. by Steven Drakeley

tag=2 data=Drakeley, Steven

tag=3 data=Current Affairs Bulletin,

tag=4 data=69

tag=5 data=2

tag=6 data=July 1992

tag=7 data=4-12.

tag=8 data=SOUTH-EAST ASIA%RELIGION

tag=10 data=There is no doubt that in the social and religious spheres Islam has made spectacular strides in the last 20 years and the pace seems to be accelerating. Provided by MICAH, Canberra.

tag=11 data=1992/4/11

tag=12 data=92/0738

tag=13 data=CAB


The invention relates to a distribution transformer temperature rise test device based on thermistors. The distribution transformer temperature rise test device is technically characterized by comprising a temperature acquisition module, an A/D conversion module, a microprocessor module, a memory, a key and an alarming module, wherein the temperature acquisition module, the A/D conversion module and the microprocessor module are connected with one another in sequence; the microprocessor module is also connected with the memory, the key and the alarming module; the temperature acquisition module comprises six termistor probes which are respectively arranged around a distribution transformer; one termistor probe is used for measuring oil temperature on the upper layer of the distribution transformer, and the other five termistor probes are used for acquiring temperature around the distribution transformer. The thermistors are mounted around the distribution transformer to measure the temperature of the distribution transformer, the functions of temperature acquisition, data storage, automatic comparison and alarming are finished automatically through the microprocessor module, and manual reading is not needed, so that the working efficiency can be improved effectively, and a lot of manpower and material resources are saved.


parameter parameter ABSTRACT Recording is a crucial aspect that greatly influence the development of traditional music. A recording that presents a new sonic experience, through the recreation of the listening experience, needs to achieve a certain quality so that the temporal information of music played by the player and listened to by the listener is not lost and able to present one's emotional situation to a music within a particular context and meaning. Sundanese Celempung have experienced a revival in the last decade, along with the emergence of various music festivals, art performances and various musical collaborations with other traditional musical instruments and Western musical instruments that bring new possibilities in musical creativity, inclusive of the recording field. This raises several questions: what is the Celempung's acoustic parameters, what and how is the stereo recording technique used, and how to reconstruct the Celempung's sound field and evaluate it. The purpose of this study was to identify acoustic parameters, the development of stereo recording techniques and evaluating the results of the reconstruction of the sound field in the Sundanese Celempung musical instrument. To address this objective, an approach encompassing various methods and techniques relevant to the acoustic parameters of musical instruments, recording, and sound field reconstruction was applied. Semicircular microphone configuration was used for spectral measurements, sound envelopes, and Celempung distribution directions. Mixing the dry signal of the Celempung recordings and the reverberation time signal was done to analyze the reverberation preferences and the mix level preferences of respondents. Celempung ensemble recording uses a number of recording techniques performed in the Sunan Ambu Theater. Impulse responses were recorded to analyze significant objective acoustic parameters in each recording technique. Evaluation of the reconstructed Celempung audio sample was carried out to investigate respondent's sample preferences and analyze the objective acoustic parameters. The results showed that Celempung is a musical instrument with a combined spectral characteristic of harmonics and inharmonics which has a fast attack time and decay time. The characteristics of tend to be low are preferred by expert and non-expert respondents. Recording techniques that do not have phase differences, microphone angle openings smaller than 130º which give insignificant spatial characteristics, and a larger bass ratio are preferred by respondents. A correlation was found between the treble and bass ratio which showed that the aspect of sound coloring was a significant aspect in determining the recording quality of Celempung. Through evaluation of the results of the Celempung's audio reconstruction, it was shown that the reverberation time preference (T 30 ) was under 1 second. Based on the findings of the acoustic parameter value of the clarity (C 80 ), it is indicated that Celempung requires high sound clarity so that the player can well distinguish the sound of each string.


Antepartum Hemorrhage (APH) has always been one of the most feared obstetric emergencies which contribute to significant maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. Aims and objectives: To determine the causes of Antepartum Hemorrhage. To study the maternal and fetal outcome in various types of antepartum hemorrhage. Methods: It is a study conducted in OPD,Labour room and Intensive Care Unit(ICU) admissions in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Government General Hospital, Kakinada over a period of one year from April 2018 to March 2019 were analysed retrospectively. All cases of APH with gestational age more than 28 weeks whether diagnosed previously or during antental visits or during delivery, referred from other hospitals, emergency admissions are included in the study. Data was statistically analysed using SPSS 20 software. Results: The present study included 70 patients who was diagnosed as having placenta previa, abruptio placentae or APH due to undetermined causes presented with or without bleeding per vaginum in OPD, labour room,ICU. Majority of the patients (57.1%) had Placent previa while 41.4% had abruptio placentae; one case of APH is due to undetermined cause. Most of the cases of APH (64.3%) belong to the mean age group of 20-24 years both in placenta previa(57.5%) and abruptio placenta(75.9%) .65% of the cases are unbooked cases in placenta previa and 72.4% of the cases are unbooked cases in abruptio placenta. 90% of the cases of placenta previa are delivered by Caesarean section.55.8% of the cases of abruptio placenta are delivered by vaginal route. There were 3 maternal deaths (4.1%) 21 (30%) neonatal deaths. Conclusion: The most common cause of APH is placenta previa followed by abruptio placenta which was more common in unbooked cases with maternal risk factors. Antenatal booking,early identification of high risk cases and timely referral to tertiary care centres with good neonatal intensive care facilities, early intervention, blood and blood components transfusion, have a role in reducing maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.


The synthesis of (S)-salbutamol is described.  By utilizing DKR in the enantiodetermining step, employing Burkholderia cepacia lipase (PS-IM), (S)-acetate ((S)-6) was obtained in excellent enantiom ...


This paper addresses the design of low-order Kalman filters to estimate radio channels with Rayleigh fading. Rayleigh fading cannot be perfectly modelled with any finite order auto-regressive (AR) process. Previously, only first and second order Kalman filters were used for channel estimation since higher order Kalman filters were found to not significantly improve accuracy. This is due to mismatches in the statistics of the AR models of the Kalman filters and the true Rayleigh fading. In this paper, the coefficients of the AR models for the Kalman filter are calculated by solving for the minimum square error solutions of an over-determined linear systems. The AR models generated have statistics closely matching the Rayleigh fading process. The Kalman filter using these AR models can accurately estimate the Rayleigh fading process. The accuracy of the new Kalman filters is demonstrated in the tracking of simulated Rayleigh fading processes of different bandwidths.


The embodiment of the invention discloses an optic cable cross connecting cabinet. The optic cable cross connecting cabinet at least comprise a cabinet body, a welding-cabling integrated module, an optical branching unit and a fiber winding tube, the welding-cabling integrated module and the optical branching unit are respectively positioned at two sides of the fiber winding tube, the welding-cabling integrated module and the optical branching unit are connected by jumpers, and the welding-cabling integrated module, the optical branching unit and the fiber winding tube are positioned in the optic cable cross connecting cabinet. In the cabling method, the welding-cabling integrated module and the optical branching unit are respectively placed at the two sides of the fiber winding tube and connected by the jumpers, and the jumper can be flexibly removed, thus facilitating operation of an operator; and a frontal double door mode facilitates visual and clear operation.


The occurrence of problematic pest organisms is an increasing global phenomenon, adversely affecting a range of environments and associated values. In marine systems, the efficacy of pest control has to date been constrained by a lack of tools that are not only highly effective, but also applicable across broad spatial scales. Here we consider the extent to which biological control (biocontrol) has the potential to fulfil these needs. We describe different biocontrol approaches and potential ecological mechanisms (e.g. consumption, space competition, habitat modification) through which problematic species could be supressed. We also discuss the ideal traits of marine control agents within the context of the selection criteria commonly applied in terrestrial systems. Classical biocontrol based on the deliberate


Looking after your clients The management revolution The client revolution Quality and client management Understanding your clients Service is our business You and your clients Staff and client management Marketing and client management The client manager's toolkit' The client agreement Client transfers Costs and the client Client satisfaction Complaints Responding to clients The benefits of client management


The field trial was funded by the Australian Government's Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (DSEWPaC) Reef Rescue funds.


In noncooperative bistatic synthetic aperture radar (SAR), the position of the transmitter's beam footprint should be detected and tracked in real time to perform beam synchronization. Theoretical analysis shows that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the reflected signals from the observational scene is too low to apply the conventional detection and tracking method. According to the cross correlation and Doppler frequency information of the raw data, a transmitter's beam footprint detection and tracking method is proposed in this paper. This method can realize the beam footprint detection in the sidelobe of the receiver's beam footprint and obtain the relative position between the transmitter and the receiver, therefore significantly improve the performance of beam footprint detection and tracking in noncooperative. Meanwhile, vehicle-based bistatic SAR experiment and airborne bistatic SAR experiment are performed to evaluate the performance of the proposed transmitter's beam footprint detection and tracking method. Experimental results show that the proposed method performs well for real-time transmitter's beam footprint detection and tracking.


Abstract Circulatory support is occasionally needed for postcardiotomy low output. The left atrium may not be accessible for inflow cannulation. This article describes cannulation of the left ventricular apex for circulatory support. (J Card Surg 1998;13:51–55)


: The efficiency of microbial transglutaminase (MTG), obtained by Streptoverticillum ladakanaum in the fermentation of sorghum straw hydrolysates to increase mechanical properties of restructured fish products, was evaluated. Fish gels were obtained from Mexican flounder (Cyclopsetta chittendenni) by (1) adding MTG obtained in the fermentation of sorghum straw hydrolysates (SMTG) at 0.3 units/g; (2) adding commercial MTG (CMTG) at 0.3 units/g; (3) adding 0.4% calcium chloride to activate the endogenous TG; and (4) without additives as control sample. SMTG more efficiently increased the mechanical properties of restructured products and induced a low value of expressible water, similar to the control (6% to 7%). Results demonstrated the feasibility of producing an efficient MTG from agricultural wastes. Keywords: fish, transglutaminase, microbial, restructured, sorghum


The article is devoted to the theoretical and methodological aspects of assessing the level of digitalization of regional economic systems. The main directions, principles and patterns of digitaliza-tion of regional economic systems are outlined. The main areas of digital development of the regions are defined as: implementation of innovative technologies in the management system of urban devel-opment based on the concept of a smart city; increasing the institutional capacity in the regions re-garding the implementation of digital development projects; development of IT infrastructure; creation of digital platforms and industry solutions; open data and others.The existing methods of assessing the level of digitization are analyzed. A methodology for assessing the level of digitalization of regional economic systems is proposed.


In this paper, the distributed hierarchical control design is investigated for cooperations of heterogeneous linear systems subjected to the switching networks, where each subgraph of switching networks is allowed to be disconnected. Each heterogeneous system contains uncontrollable states and evolves in different dimension with different dynamics. The hierarchical control framework proposed in this paper consists of distributed hierarchical controllers, which contain the upper‐layers dealing with the communication topologies and the lower‐layers dealing with the heterogeneity of the systems. Under the framework, the cooperation problem of heterogeneous linear systems is decoupled into a cooperation problem of homogeneous virtual systems in the upper‐layer and tracking problems of each single systems in the lower‐layer. These two layers are designed based on the optimal control method and the output regulation method, respectively. Under the hierarchical control framework, the leader‐following consensus of heterogeneous linear systems is achieved and the result is extended to the formation control problem. Finally, numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


CO2 migration and storage capacity are highly affected by various parameters (e.g. reservoir temperature, vertical to horizontal permeability ratio, cap rock properties, aquifer depth and the reservoir heterogeneity). One of these parameters, which has received little attention, is brine salinity. Although brine salinity has been well demonstrated previously as a factor affecting rock wettability (i.e. higher brine salinity leads to more CO2-wet rocks), its effect on the CO2 storage process has not been addressed effectively. Thus, we developed a three-dimensional homogeneous reservoir model to simulate the behaviour of a CO2 plume in a deep saline aquifer using five different salinities (ranging from 2000 to 200 000 ppm) and have predicted associated CO2 migration patterns and trapping capacities. CO2 was injected at a depth of 1408 m for a period of 1 year at a rate of 1 Mt year–1 and then stored for the next 100 years. The results clearly indicate that 100 years after the injection of CO2 has stopped, the salinity has a significant effect on the CO2 migration distance and the amount of mobile, residual and dissolved CO2. First, the results show that higher brine salinity leads to an increase in CO2 mobility and CO2 migration distance, but reduces the amount of residually trapped CO2. Furthermore, high brine salinity leads to reduced dissolution trapping. Thus, we conclude that less-saline aquifers are preferable CO2 sinks.


On 13 January 2004 Dr Harold Shipman, a doctor convicted of murder, was found dead in his prison cell, following apparent self-hanging. Subsequent media reports tended to give considerable detail about the apparent circumstances of his death.

In 1999 there were, on average, 1.8 self-inflicted


By using Hill-Marty′s deduction of speed-up ratio(It does not take into the chip resources expended on shared caches,interconnection networks,and memory controllers),the structure of BCE′s distribution is obtained which make the performance of the heterogeneous multi-core more optimal than that of the homogeneous multi-core.Two cases are dsicussed: one is that the more powerful core in the heterogeneous multi-core processors and the core in the homogeneous multi-core processors are the same,and the other is that the less powerful core in the heterogeneous multi-core processors and the core in the homogeneous multi-core processors are the same.Therefore,the best design solutions of the heterogeneous multi-core can be provided.


We introduce two notions for flows on quasi-diagonal C*-algebras, quasi-diagonal and pseudo-diagonal flows; the former being apparently stronger than the latter. We derive basic facts about these flows and give various examples. In addition we extend results of Voiculescu from quasi-diagonal C*-algebras to these flows.


A novel silicon SiGe edge light emitting diode (SiGe ELED) was realized in standard RF bipolar SiGe technology process that uses a p-n junction either in reverse and forward bias mode configurations. A vertical cubical columnar SiGe/Si HBT like structure was used. The light emitting process in the reverse bias mode is by means of an avalanche breakdown process. The reverse biased device emits light in the wavelength range of 450–650 nm, with operating voltage and current of 1.3 V and 8 mA respectively, while the forward biased mode emitted at about 850nm. In the forward biased mode, it operates in a two junction mode with the first n+p junction emitting low energy electrons into a lowly doped p region. The SiGe ELED is intended to be implemented in an optical interconnect with an external detector via a lateral optical waveguide coupling. Because the LED emit in a broad spectrum, localizing the emission source point is of paramount importance. Two techniques were used to attempt to realise this objective. Optical Probe measurement and Optical Power Meter Mapping technique. Localization of the emission source point process was performed through scanning a lensed fiber coupled to an optical power meter, over the edge surface profile of the diced device. The side edge of the diced device structure was interface with the lens fibre in other to ascertain the maximum emission point and the nature of light emitting process. This was done using a smooth dicing of the LED device close to its emitting edge and scanning its edge surface through a multimode lensed fiber coupled to an optical power meter. The mapping area scanned was 40μm x 40μm and 60μ x 60μ to localize the emitting source point region. A total emitted optical power as measured from the Led was 2.86nW as measured by the optical power meter connected to the lensed optical fibre. This was confirmed with a light-current-voltage (LIV) characteristics power measurement curve obtained from the device by means of the edge mapping techniques. A rough estimated localization of the source point was approximately 0.3mW optical power with a current of 8mA was realized with this technique. These results can be used to design accurate electro-optical conversions in integrated photonic circuitry as well as designing well coupled optical interconnects from the chip to the environment.


Purpose The main aim of the present research is to use different methods for algal oil extraction with different organic solvents to be used as natural components in cosmetic formulations. Materials and methods Several extraction techniques using a cosolvent of n-hexane with isopropanol in a ratio of 3 : 2 (v/v) including conventional extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound-assisted bath, and ultrasound-assisted probe extraction on three algae species (Scenedesmus spp., Spirulina platensis, and bloom) were studied against the percentage of algal lipid. The polarity effect of different solvents on the algal lipids, quantitative and qualitative, was studied with the ultrasound-assisted probe extraction method using, hexane, diethyl ether, acetone, ethanol, and chloroform–methanol. The content of essential fatty acids (FAs) in a series of omega-9 (oleic acid), omega-6 (linoleic acid), and omega-3 (linolenic acid and docosapentaenoic acid) was determined using gas chromatographic analysis. Results and conclusion The ultrasound-assisted probe extraction method recorded a higher lipid percentage for the species in the current study. The gravimetric analysis of lipid extractions proved that ethanol was the most producer solvent. The analysis of all FAs extracted using gas chromatography showed that there was no variance in both the classification and the mass of FAs for each algae species under study through either different techniques or with the use of different solvents. In our species of study, the FAs that were present in higher quantities were stearic (18:0), palmitic (16:0), oleic (18:1n9), linoleic (18:2n6), and α-linolenic (18:3n3). Very long rank FAs, lignoceric (24:0), and docosapentaenoic (22:5n3) acids were found. The high PUFA content of the investigated algae makes them a good source as natural materials for cosmetic industries.


This work accesses Chaney and Castro's (1989) publication about domestic service in Latin America in the 1980–90s as a reference to focus on Brazil's case. In the period of 1990–2015 there is a hig...


Heart is the most important part in all living organisms. Cardiovascular diseases or heart related diseases are at its peak in today's world. Cardiovascular diseases prediction in a living being is a critical challenge analysis in the medical field. Machine learning algorithms are used in effective decision making, perfection and correctness because of little fatigue problem. In this work a survey has been done among various machine learning algorithms such as SVM, Decision Tree, KNearest Neighbor (KNN), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Random Forest with linear model to predict out of this heart disease. In performance level 92% is achieved through Support Vector Machine prediction model for heart diseases. Support Vector Machine method aims at finding large amount of feature by applying machine learning algorithm to improve the accuracy in the prediction of cardiovascular diseases.


Museums can make their entire collections available to the world via the Internet. The Thinker ImageBase, the San Francisco Fine Arts Museums' online art image database, demonstrates issues involved in managing large storage systems and delivering their contents to users.


Comparing to their time background,China's "Poetry Life" generated from the feudal civilization after her agriculture society,while Heidegger's "Poetry Habitat" came from the spiritual stress and environmental damage of Western industry civilization.Comparing to their philosophy basis,"poetry life" based on Taoism and Baddish,while "poetry habitat" on the existentialism.Comparing to their value,"poetry life" is a Chinese living wisdom and officialdom's life aesthetic state,while "poetry habitat",up to the height of human being existence,emphasizes the living quality and value.


Arrays of pitfalls and drift fences were deployed in five deciduous forest habitats in southcentral Pennsylvania to assess the characteristics, and temporal and spatial dynamics of forest small-mammal communities, and to determine the impact of percipitation, sampling method, and length of sampling period on perceived small-mammal abundance and community structure.


Purpose: To provide a benchmark for comparison with diseased and injured pediatric brainstem, we quantified age‐dependent changes in fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in 20 healthy children with diffusiontensorimaging (DTI). Method and Materials:Diffusion raw images were acquired in 20 healthy volunteer children aged 6–25 years using a 3‐T MR scanner (Trio, Siemens, Erlangen, Germany). Quantitative FA and ADC maps were computed offline using Siemens Neuro3D Syngo DTI task card. FA and ADC maps from multiple time points were co‐registered through T1‐weighted 3D structural scans. Regions‐of‐interest (ROIs) were manually delineated using an in‐house image analysis package. FA and ADC averages across the previously defined ROIs were fitted over the natural logarithm of age. FA and ADC were also averaged on each slice to examine the inter‐slice variation. Results: The fitted curves show a rising trend of FA but a decreasing trend of ADC with age as indicated by their slopes (pons: FA 0.07, ADC −0.08; corticospinal tract: FA 0.07, ADC −0.03; medial lemniscus: FA 0.06, ADC −0.06). The average FA of brainstem ROI over each slice was low in the medulla oblongata and increased towards pons and midbrain, as opposed to the high ADC in the medulla oblongata, deceasing in the pons and the midbrain. Conclusion: The increasing trend of FA and decreasing trend of ADC with age in pediatric brainstem was consistent with previous reports. The similar slopes with FA as compared to different slopes with ADC might indicate incongruence in characterizing the underlying structural changes. The slice‐by‐slice analysis demonstrates a large variation in FA and ADC in the craniocaudal direction within the brainstem. Our results from healthy subjects can provide an important benchmark for later comparison with pediatric patients receiving cancertreatment involving brainstem. Acknowledgement: NIH grant HD049888 and ALSAC.


Core–shell particle–filled PA6/EPDM–g–MA/HDPE ternary blend has excellent mechanical properties. In this paper, effective elastic properties and tensile yield strength of the ternary blend are predicted by the second–order two– scale method, to investigate the relationship between morphology and mechanical properties. The method and the limit analysis for predicting mechanical properties of random heterogeneous materials are briefly introduced. Realistic morphology of the ternary blend including both core–shell particles and pure particles is simulated, and finite element mesh is generated. The unified strength theory is embedded in the method for the convenience of selecting a suitable yield criterion. The effective elastic moduli and tensile yield strength predicted by the method in this paper are compared with analytical and experimental results. Finally, effect of shell thickness in the core–shell particles on the effective elastic moduli and tensile yield strength is investigated.


Physical activity throughout life is beneficial for lowering the risk of developing or dying from several forms of cancer. Consequently, guidelines for cancer survivors generally recommend at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity or 75 minutes of vigorous exercise per week. While there is consistent evidence that post-diagnostic physical activity improves both overall and colorectal cancer-specific survival, the evidence for pre-diagnostic physical activity is less clear. To further explore this relationship, Drs. Sheetal Hardikar and Amanda Phipps in the Public Health Sciences Division evaluated the association between physical activity and colorectal cancer survival while accounting for potential epidemiologic and molecular sources of heterogeneity. As recently reported in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, the authors observed that individuals who were physically active before colorectal cancer diagnosis had significantly better survival than those who had been inactive or minimally active.


There exist very few studies comparing different postures or postural changes during labor in parturients with epidural analgesia. Aim: To disclose whether the intervention of a multidisciplinary nursing team including a physiotherapist during the second stage of labor improves the obstetric outcome in parturients with epidural analgesia. Design: Prospective randomized trial. Setting: University-affiliated hospital. Population: Women undergoing labor with epidural analgesia after a normal gestation. Methods: 150 women were randomized either to actively perform predefined postural changes during the passive phase of the second stage of labor under the guidance of the attending physiotherapist (study group), or to carry out the whole second stage of labor lying in the traditional supine position (control group). Results: There were significantly more eutocic deliveries (p = 0.005) and, conversely, significantly less instrumental deliveries (p < 0.05) and cesarean sections (p < 0.05) in the study group. The total duration of the second stage of labor was significantly shorter (p < 0.01) in the study group. This was at the expense of the passive phase of the second stage of labor (p < 0.01). Significantly less episiotomies were performed in the study group (31.2% vs 17.8%, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The intervention of a physiotherapist during the second stage of labor significantly improved the obstetric outcome.


The van der Waals (vdW) vibronic spectrum built on the electronic 000, S1(B2)←S0(A1) origin of p‐difluorobenzene–Ar is investigated with rotational resolution (ΔνUV=60 MHz). For the first time vdW vibronic bands are detected up to a van der Waals energy of 125 cm−1 and assigned by a rotational analysis of the band structure. The band origin positions of the ten detected bands display a regular behavior with moderate anharmonicities and minor influences due to Fermi resonances. Using the concept of three‐dimensional Kraitchman equations and of normalized effective planar moments characteristic data on the nuclear displacements in the two different bending coordinates are deduced from the measured rotational constants. The fundamental vdW vibronic states at low energies can be described in terms of one‐dimensional normal modes while vdW states at higher energies display mixed mode character.


This communication is devoted to exo-planet detection by direct imaging. Specific attention is given to degrading factors : the residues of atmospheric turbulence and the side effects of the coronograph. Relying on a statistical modeling of the measurements, a detector based on short time exposure images is proposed and analyzed. A numerical simulation highlights the detection gain of this technique with respect to a long time exposure image or a classical short exposure processing.


Thank you for raising several important issues that impact authors particularly those in developing countries. The quality of writing is obviously important and is sometimes a reason for a paper to be rejected. We …


Abstract Ratriyanto, A., Eklund, M., Jezierny, D. and Mosenthin, R. 2009. Effect of betaine on ileal and total tract digestibilities and concentrations of bacterial metabolites in piglets. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 36: 185–190. To investigate the effects of dietary betaine supplementation on ileal and total tract nutrient digestibilities and intestinal bacterial fermentation characteristics, 4 barrows (8.6 kg) were fitted with simple T-cannulae at the distal ileum. They were randomly allocated to a basal diet without or with 4.5 g betaine per kg assay diet (Betaine) with 4 repeated measurement periods. The betaine supplementation increased (P<0.05) ileal digestibility of dry matter by 1.2 percentage units and tended to increase ileal crude fiber (P=0.068) and glycine (P=0.057) digestibilities by 7.5 and 3.3 percentage units, respectively. Furthermore, betaine supplementation tended (P=0.117) to increase total tract crude fiber digestibility by 4.7percentage units. Moreover, dietary betaine inclusion increased ileal short-chain fatty acid and fecal diaminopimelic acid concentrations (P<0.05), which indicates intensified intestinal bacterial activity. In conclusion, dietary betaine stimulates bacterial fermentation of fiber in the small and large intestine.


Increasing attention is being paid to spatial distribution characteristics of haze pollution and its relation with socioeconomic factors. This study investigates the spatial autocorrelation of haze pollution in China and the effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) on haze pollution in China using a panel data of 31 provinces over the period 2000-12. Using a widely used spatial autocorrelation index, Moran's I values, the estimation results suggest that haze pollution in China has strong spatial autocorrelation and spatial clustering phenomenon. Then, our analysis using spatial econometric models further confirms the significant spatial dependence and spatial spillover effects of haze pollution in China. Meanwhile, we also find a significantly positive relationship between FDI and haze pollution in China, in which an increase of 1% in FDI, haze pollution in China will increase by 0.0235%. Based on these results, we provide some important policy implications for the government to control haze pollution.


Control and measurement of organic micropollutants in South African water reclamation plants were studied with 4 l and 250 ml samples, which were adjusted to pH <2, extracted with dichloromethane/ether and with 0.1 M sodium hydroxide, and (after phenols removal with sodium hydroxide) analyzed for various pollutants (including polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and various halohydrocarbons) by gas chromatography on wall-coated, open tubular columns with electron capture and flame ionization detection. The phenolics were derivatized and extracted with n-hexane before analysis. With the various configurations of the reclamation systems studied, there were insignificant variations in the over-all micropollutant concentrations. Sparingly soluble neutral compounds were removed by lime flocculation. GAC columns were an essential part of the reclamation process, especially for the removal of trihalomethanes and phenols. The purification of wastewater and sewage for human consumption is thus a viable proposition to supplement existing water sources.


Automating the detection of weapons from video surveillance images is a difficult task due to: lighting, focus, resolution, among others. Solving this problem would be very useful for citizen security purposes. In this sense, this research work trains a weapon detection system based on YOLOv5 (You Only Look Once) for different data sources, reaching an accuracy of 98.56 % in video surveillance images, performing Real-Time inferences reaching 33 fps on Nvidia's Jetson AGX Xavier which is a good result compared to other existing research in the state of the art.


The methods of determination of substances trace contaminants in air have to be metrologically certificated, that is they have to be calculated according to COST RISO 5725-2002 «Propriety and precision, standard deviations of repeatability and reproduction» along with such indices as systematic and random components of an error. Metrological characteristics are given in the form of the dependence on the values of component mass concentrations analyzed in the sample «C».


This is the Investigation of rising nitrate concentrations in groundwater in the Eden Valley, Cumbria report produced by the Environment Agency in 2003. This report focuses on groundwater nitrate concentrations in the Eden Valley. Most boreholes in the Eden Valley had nitrate concentrations less than 20 mg/l but a significant number had higher concentrations, some exceeding the EC maximum admissible concentration for drinking water of 50 mg/l. The main objectives of this report were to investigate the causes of rising nitrate concentrations in groundwater in the Permo-Triassic sandstone aquifers of the Eden Valley area and provide sufficient understanding of the groundwater and surface water flow system, including the sources of the nitrate contamination and the processes controlling nitrate movement, so that possible management options for reversing this trend can be considered.


Notation and Code Examples. Preface. Acknowledgments. 1. Introduction. 2. The Multi-Layer Perception Model. 3. Linear Discriminant Analysis. 4. Activation and Penalty Functions. 5. Model Fitting and Evaluation. 6. The Task-Based MLP. 7. Incorporating Spatial Information into an MLP Classifier. 8. Influence Curves for the Multi-Layer Perceptron Classifier. 9. The Sensitivity Curves of the MLP Classifier. 10. A Robust Fitting Procedure for MLP Models. 11. Smoothed Weights. 12. Translation Invariance. 13. Fixed-slope Training. Appendix A. Function Minimization. Appendix B. Maximum Values of the Influence Curve. Topic Index.


Nitrogen fixing bacteria defined as bacteria which is capable to transform free nitrogen molecules into ammonium v (PCR). Nitrogenase activity of these selected isolates was measured using Acetylene Reduction Assay (ARA). The ability of these selected isolates in ammonium excretion was qualitatively and quantitavely measured using Nessler reagent and spectrophotometry method respectively. Taxonomic position of the selected bacteria were determined based on their 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Genetic diversity analysis of these 15 isolates of nitrogen fixing bacteria yield eight selected bacteria for subsequent analysis. Sequence of nifH gene from all of these selected bacteria were successfully amplified. Nitrogenase assay of these selected bacteria revealed 6 isolates with high nitrogen fixation capasity namely GMA3, GMA5, GMA6, GMA9, GMA12 AND GMA 13. Ammonium excretion analysis revealed 4 isolates which have remarkable ability of producing high level of ammonium namely GMA1, GMA3, GMA6, and GMA9. The 16S rRNA sequence analysis shown that isolates GMA3, GMA5, GMA11 and GMA12 had a close relationship with Brevibacillus formosus strain DSM 9885T, Flexibacter canadensis strain ISSDS-428, Rhizobium tropici strain rif 200849, and Azotobacter tropicalis strain RBS. Respectively, isolate GMA1 and GMA13 had a close relationship with Sthenotropphomonas sp. Strain MFC-C, while isolate GMA6 and GMA9 had a close relationship to Azotobacter vinelandii strain ISSDS-428. ', 'string'), (105, 'en_US', 'subject', 'nitrogen fixing bacteria, ammonium excretion, identification', 'string'), (105, 'en_US', 'sponsor', '', 'string'), (107, 'en_US', 'title', 'Effect of Probiotic Lactobacillus sp. Dad13 on Humoral Immune Response of Balb/C Mice Infected with Salmonella typhimurium', 'string'), (107, 'en_US', 'abstract', 'An indigenous strain of lactic acid bacterium (LAB) identified as Lactobacillus spp. Dad13 (Dad13), isolated from traditional fermented buffalo milk, was found to be potential as probiotic. The aim of this research was to study the effect of probiotic Dad13 on humoral immune response of Balb/C mice infected with Salmonella typhimurium. Thespecific objective was to find out the effect of different Dad13 consumption time (before and along with infection of S. typhimurium) on the humoral immune response of Balb/C mice. The experiment was conducted by in vivo trial on 20 males of Balb/C mice, age of 6-8 weeks, fed with AIN-93 standard diet. The mice were assigned into 4 groups. Each group received the following treatments, ie. Dad13 only, Dad13 before infection, Dad13 along with infection and Salmonella infection only. A volume of 100 ml Dad13 cell suspensions (1010 CFU/ml) were given by oral forced feeding daily for a week, at week 3 for group before infection and at week 4 for group of Dad13 only and Dad13 along with infection. Salmonella infection (109 CFU/ml) was given once orally at week 4 to all groups except group treated with Dad13 only. The humoral immune response of Balb/C mice was detected 2 weeks after infection by measuring the titers of IgG and IgA specific from serum and mucosal intestinal liquid samples using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. The result indicated that humoral immune response of Balb/C mice consuming Dad13 before and along with Salmonella infection were significantly different (pl0.05). Dad13 consumption along with Salmonella infection increased circulated IgG and IgA as well as secretory IgA. It can be concluded that Dad13 probiotic feeding along with infection increased humoral immune response more significantly compared to that before infection.


Abstract A form of the Verlet-algorithm for the integration of Newton's equations of motion is derived from Hamilton's principle in discretized space and time. It allows the computation of exactly time-reversible trajectories on a digital computer, offers the possibility of systematically investigating the effects of space discretization, and provides a criterion as to when a trajectory ceases to be physical.


Telephone-based remote interpreting has come into widespread use in multilingual encounters, all the more so in
 times of refugee crises and the large influx of asylum-seekers into Europe. Nevertheless, the linguistic practices in this mode of
 communication have not yet been examined comprehensively. This article therefore investigates selected aspects of turn-taking and
 clarification sequences during semi-authentic telephone-interpreted counselling sessions for refugees (Arabic–German). A
 quantitative analysis reveals that limited audibility makes it more difficult for interpreters to claim their turn successfully;
 in most cases, however, turn-taking occurs smoothly. The trouble sources that trigger queries are mainly content-related and
 interpreters vary greatly in the ways they deal with such difficulties. Contrary to what one might expect, the study shows that
 coordination fails only rarely during telephone-based remote interpreting.


With the increasing computational power of computers, software design systems are progressing from being tools for architects and designers to express their ideas to tools capable of creating designs under human guidance. One of the main limitations for these computer-automated design systems is the representation with which they encode designs. If the representation cannot encode a certain design, then the design system cannot produce it. To be able to produce new types of designs, and not just optimize pre-defined parameterizations, evolutionary design systems must use generative representations. Generative representations are assembly procedures, or algorithms, for constructing a design thereby allowing for truly novel design solutions to be encoded. In addition, by enabling modularity, regularity and hierarchy, the level of sophistication that can be evolved is increased. We demonstrate the advantages of generative representations on two different design domains: the evolution of spacecraft antennas and the evolution of 3D objects.


Dioscoreanone, a 1,4‐phenanthraquinone isolated from an ethanolic extract of the rhizome of Dioscorea membranacea, Pierre ex Prain & Burkill, a plant which has been used to treat inflammation and cancer in Thai Traditional Medicine. In this study, the mechanisms of dioscoreanone on LPS‐induced NO production and cytokine expression through the activation of NF‐κB and ERK1/2 are demonstrated in RAW 264.7 cells. Through measurement with Griess reagent, dioscoreanone was found to reduce NO levels with an IC50 value of 2.50 ± 0.64 µM, due to the significant suppression of LPS‐induced iNOS mRNA expression, as well as IL‐1β and IL‐6 levels at a concentration of 6 µM. At the signal transduction level, using the pNFκB‐Luciferase reporter system, dioscoreanone significantly inhibited NF‐κB transcriptional activity, which resulted from the prevention of IκBα degradation. In addition, dioscoreanone in the range of 1.2–5 µM significantly enhanced LPS‐induced ERK1/2 activation and dioscoreanone alone induced the activation of ERK1/2 proteins in a concentration‐ and time‐dependent response. The activation of ERK1/2 proteins by dioscoreanone was due to both an arylating reaction, which was suppressed by N‐acetyl cysteine, and a redox cycling reaction of NQOR, which was inhibited by dicoumarol. In conclusion, the mechanisms of dioscoreanone on the inhibition of NO production and mRNA expression of iNOS, IL‐1β, and IL‐6 were due to both the inhibition of NF‐κB activation and the activation of ERK1/2 proteins. The activation of dioscoreanone may in turn inhibit the binding of NF‐κB to pro‐inflammatory gene promoters in LPS‐induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 3427–3435, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Osteoarthritis is a common human disease with well understood pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, prevalence, risk factors, pain, and suffering with great understanding of personal, economic and social effects around the world. There are no drugs or treatments considered "disease modifying", with symptomatic control aiming to stave off the final solution of total joint replacement. Regenerative medicine and use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) promised hope to change that but have so far fallen short. This review focuses on current knowledge and use of MSC in clinic, completed research, and future directions for development of this once so promising biological treatment. Powerful treatment for pain in form of monoclonal antibodies against Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) are getting close to FDA approval in the US. Wnt signalling pathway modulators that decrease inflammation, increase function and potential to regenerate cartilage should be presented to the FDA early next year.


We present a custom integrated circuit, named SYNC, which plays a fundamental role in the time alignment of the LHCb Muon Detector and consequently in the trigger performance. The SYNC is realized in IBM 0.25 μm technology, using radiation-hardening layout techniques. SYNC receives data from the muon detector front-end electronics synchronizing them with the 40.08 MHz LHC clock. The data are tagged with the correct Bunch-Crossing identifier, output to the trigger system and stored in internal memories. The chip integrates 8 time to digital converters with a resolution up to 1 ns to measure the time phase of the input signals with respect to the system clock period. A histogram block can build real time spectra from the TDCs output. A I2C interface is implemented to configure and control the device, while a JTAG interface is integrated for boundary-scan purpose. We describe the circuit architecture, its internal blocks and its main modes of operation. Measurements performed on final prototypes are also reported.


Abstract 4036 Poster Board III-972 The protein 4.1R gene is a large complex gene with two translation initiation sites (AUG1 and AUG2) that encode protein isoforms with distinct N-terminal structure and function. Expression of these isoforms is regulated by alternative splicing at either of two splice acceptor sites that flank exon 29 (E29), in which AUG1 is located. In late erythroblasts E29 is excluded, ensuring translation at AUG2 and synthesis of 80kDa protein 4.1R isoforms. Our earlier studies (EMBO J. 27:122-31, 2008) described a two-step intrasplicing pathway that enforces this splicing outcome exclusively in 4.1R pre-mRNA initiated at exon 1A (E1A), the major transcription start site in late erythropoiesis. The downstream exon 1B (E1B) first splices to the proximal acceptor site at E29 to generate an intermediate structure, which is then re-processed by splicing of E1A to the internal acceptor at E2, removing E1B as well as E29/AUG1. Experiments with minigenes suggested that intrasplicing is likely independent of specific promoter elements at E1A, but absolutely requires 59 splice site and branch point motifs associated with E1B. Here we sought evidence for functionality of these latter elements in the more physiological context of the endogenous 4.1R gene. The intrasplicing model predicts that morpholino oligonucleotides complementary to key regulatory motifs will block the first step of the pathway in natural 4.1R pre-mRNA transcripts, and yield inappropriate splicing of E1A to the first acceptor at E29. Antisense morpholinos directed against the E1B branchpoint or E1B 59splice site were transfected into cells and 4.1R splicing was examined 48hrs later by RT-PCR analysis. Both anti-4.1 morpholinos, but not a control morpholino, resulted in a concentration-dependent shift of E1A splicing to the proximal E29 acceptor site. In other studies we explored whether intrasplicing could occur internally within a gene, using a model pre-mRNA in which a constitutive exon was engineered between E1A and E1B. Analysis of this experiment suggested that any exon upstream of active E1B would follow the intrasplicing pathway and delete E29. We speculate that internal E1B-like elements in other genes could be selectively activated or silenced by splicing regulatory motifs in order to control downstream splice acceptor choice. Preliminary experiments indicate that weakening the E1B 59 splice site and its upstream pyrimidine tract might permit such regulation as observed for other alternative exons. Together these results provide additional support for the intrasplicing model and suggest that it could function more widely in human genes to coordinate splicing events and generate multiple protein isoforms with distinct functions. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


If you like trees, you must read this book. Actually, if you like trees, you will want to acquire a copy of An Eclectic Guide to Trees East of the Rockies for your very own. Abounding with the sort of information identification books don't have room to accommodate, it is an excellent complement to the usual tree field guides. Glen Blouin loves trees. It's obvious. He writes about them with a tenderness and passion that makes the book hard to put down once you start reading. And he has come to know each tree species so thoroughly (based on considerable experience and research) that he presents details and tidbits you will be hard pressed to find elsewhere between the same covers. Blouin starts each species profile with an identification page. This section provides the tree's scientific and common name, plus other names in English and French. It also includes the name for the tree in one of North America's many Aboriginal languages. White Birch in Woods Cree, for example, is waskway; Hickory in Cayuga, onenoga; Red Oak in Pawnee, nahata-pahat; Black Ash in Mohawk, ehsa; Tamarak in Abenaki, akemantak; White Spruce in Ojibway, zesegaandag; Chokecherry in Assiniboin, champah; Eastern Hemlock in Onondaga, o-ne-tah; White Elm in Shawnee, hani:pi. The identification spread also includes a description of the tree's leaf, flower, fruit, twig, bark, wood, height, diameter, and longevity, plus the first of multiple photographs scattered throughout the species profile. But my favourite part of each profile comes after the identification page. That's where Blouin presents the "eclectic" information which makes this book so extraordinary. For each species, he covers any combination of the following: the tree's history and use by humans, suitability to woodworking and other industrial purposes, traditional uses by Aboriginal North Americans, importance to wildlife and ecosystems, ornamental use and propagation, natural enemies like pests and diseases, conservation issues, and more — the sort of things Blouin calls "relevant digressions." These species profiles reveal each tree as a fascinating character and significant member of a greater community of life. Here are some facts and figures I found fascinating. The White Elm's leaves are rich in iron, potassium and calcium; and they decompose quickly to improve the soil. Willows apparently interbreed and hybridize freely, making it very difficult to identify individuals with certainty. A fungal disease is seriously threatening the survival of Butternuts in North America; there is fear, in fact, that the butternut might go the way of the American Chestnut. Jack Pine stands on Michigan's lower peninsula are one of the last remaining nesting habitats for the highly endangered Kirtland's Warbler. Small Eastern Hemlocks can exist up to 200 years in the forest understorey, waiting for shorter-lived trees to die and provide conditions for the smaller hemlocks to shoot upwards. Various conifers vie for the distinction of having provided Jacques Cartier with a cure for scurvy. Cottonwoods are the fastest growing native tree east of the Rockies. And Striped Maple leaves provide soft and strong toilet paper in the bush. That's only a brief sampling of the wonderfully diverse information presented in this eclectic guide to trees east of the Rocky Mountains. My only complaint is that there's no index. Perhaps the publishing budget ran short of money. Perhaps the wide-ranging nature of the content would have made indexing problematic. There's probably a good reason why an index was not included. But I sure miss it, particularly when I'm looking for a particular nugget of information among all those tidbits.


Freshwater stingrays are benthic animals that almost always behave passively and preferentially inhabit shallow water. Their tail barb is rigid and serrated, and is covered by glandular epithelium. Injury from the barb is followed by local symptoms such as bleeding, intense throbbing pain, and edema in the affected member. Nausea, salivation, convulsion, and tachycardia are reported systemic changes. The Potamotrygon sp. C is stingray species most often encountered in rivers of the state of Tocantins, Brazil.


Development of involved optimization algorithms is not an easy task for several reasons: First, every analyst is interested in a specific problem; Second, the capabilities of these methods may not be fully understood a priori; Third, coding of multi-purpose and more involved algorithms is not an easy job. In this paper, the optimization problem employing the near to global optimum algorithm is studied (Gadallah, M.H., 2000). The focus is to exploit 2 ideas: First, the algorithm can be modified to act as a variance reduction technique; Second, the algorithm can be modified to tackle the problem of system decomposition. Both ideas are novel within the context of statistical design of experiments. The first, if fully proved experimentally could yield the simultaneous integration of nominal and variance optimization possible. T he second, can be extended to deal with multi-dimensional highly constrained systems with ease. These two ideas are explained with the use of a simple example to illustrate the idea. An algorithm is developed that deal with the problem in several stages according to a predetermined decomposition scheme. The original objective and constraint functions are dealt with to suit each stage. Accordingly, all NP hard problems can ideally be transformed into NP complete ones with a consequence on the number of stages resulting from decomposition. Several decomposition scenarios are used and their results are compared numerically. Two orthogonal arrays and four composite arrays are used to plan experimentation; these are L27OA and L54OA and their subfamilies. These arrays are compared with respect to their statistical measures. The algorithm as such, is very promising optimization tool, especially for coupling system decomposition and variance reduction. Past work focused on either decomposition or 1 statistical optimization. This work offers both capabilities. Several studies are reviewed and conclusions are drawn.


The use of wheat milling industry by-products like wheat bran and resultant Atta in the value added product like ice cream improves its Physico-chemical and nutritional value. The replacement of refined wheat flour (Maida) with resultant Atta and wheat bran increases the dietary fiber & mineral content and decreases the carbohydrate content of the product. The reduced carbohydrate and increased dietary fiber improve the texture (crispiness) of the ice cream cone. The colour and appearance of the product developed during the baking process. The optimum proposition of wheat bran and resultant Atta in the blend makes light golden brown colour and sweetish roasted or baked aroma during baking process. Which is suitable for the combination of the different ice creams. The probiotic ice cream contains probiotic micro flora, which requires prebiotics for the growth. Ice cream cone contains prebiotics, these acts as the food for probiotics.


Summary form only given. We show that by incorporating a dispersion map with a reasonably large cavity net dispersion into a fiber ring laser cavity results in larger intercavity nonlinear phase chirping of quasi-stationary pulses in the cavity, which significantly enhances the spectrum bandwidth of the output pulses.


Theory fonnula of seismic wave in homogeneous isotropic in finite elastic medium stimulated by seismic source are used to simulate seismogram. Every property of seismic waves is analyzed.


The survival of preterm infants has increased substantially in the past two decades due to the many advances in neonatal care. It is no longer enough for the neonatologist to conclude his responsibility after filling the discharge card, but he must be equally concerned about the quality of survival, as the survival itself. This concept came from Sheridan in 1962, and after the publication of her paper "Infants at risk for handicapping condition", many hospitals started maintaining' at risk' registers'. Sheridan's principal concern was to secure earliest possible identification in order that intervention, supervision and parental guidance can be started at the earliest. The main concern was to identify the right infants for close monitoring, so as to ensure good outcome. The efforts for a good outcome start right in the NICU itself, where a simple stimulation programme is started once the baby's condition is stable. This programme includes visual, auditory and tactile stimulation in the form of oil massage. For visual fixation and tracking, we use a small red plastic ball, for auditory stimulation, we usea 'pooja' bell and instrumental classical music twice a day. Thisstimulation should be continued after discharge, using the CDC module on early stimulation 2. The baby may be followed up in the 'high risk clinic' as frequently as per the general condition of the baby. But the first formal neurological assessment should be done around 2-3 months (corrected age). The neonatal brain needs a period of convalescence to recover from all the insults it hassuffered during birth and in the NICU. It is important to use corrected age (chronological age no. of months / weeks of prematurity). We usually write the corrected date of birth on the discharge card next to the actual date of birth. We explain to the parents that whenever they are thinking about development or achievement of milestones, they should use the corrected age till at least the baby is 2 years old. Parents should be guided, especially in the ELBW infants, that even after adjustment the progress is slow in the first year of life. Parentsshould be repeatedly told that their baby must not be compared with other full term infants, though such comparisons are inevitable. The development of preterm infants is quite different and has more variability compared to full term infants. It is important to understand the deviations in the development of preterm infant and also to counsel parents regarding correct positioning and carrying patterns. It is reported that 60% of preterm babies have tone abnormalities", However, the brain has tremendous plasticity and by 9 months, many of these tone abnormalities disappear and tone normalizes by one year. These are termed "Transitory tone abnormalities." This is why one should never make a diagnosis of cerebral palsy at the first examination, but several sequential examinations should be made over a period of time. One of the best tests for diagnosis of tone abnormalities is the neurological assessment described by Arniel-Tisorr'. Evaluation of


Chip-level multiprocessors (CMP) have multiple processing cores (Cores) and generally have their cache shared by each Core. On CMP, the combination of threads running simultaneously on different Cores as well as the order of threads running on one Core influences the utilization of the cache. We consider that an OS level thread scheduler for concurrent and parallel thread execution is the key to utilize the cache and reduce the memory accesses. Previously, we have developed a thread scheduler which recognizes the memory address space of each thread for concurrent execution and investigated its effect on a single processor environment. In this paper, we demonstrate the extension of our previous scheduler for parallel execution on CMP. Our scheduler is composed of the independent schedulers per Core and is able to let them cooperate with little cost. According to our investigation with Sysbench benchmark, this extension enhances the effect of our previous scheduler and results in the more reduction of the execution time.


Strategy of second degree price discrimination is studied in the market with network externality and nonlinear demand function,through different charge according to different segment of the demand curve.Firstly,the static pricing strategy by second degree price discrimination is studied in one stage.Then,the dynamic pricing strategy by second degree price discrimination is studied in two stages under the monopoly's maximal profit.It is shown that the optimal segment of the demand curve is not affected by network externality,but the price will be improved according to the higher growth of network externality,and the price in the first stage is higher than the discounted present value of the price in the second stage.


In-Pit Crushing and Conveying is a proven alternative for pit rationalisation and automatisation. The system which is used in many lime stone quarries since the 1950s has in the 1980s also established itself in large hardrock mining operations. Conveyor transport is more energy efficient than trucks, it has lower spare part costs, requires less operating personnel and is less effected by adverse weather. The higher capital costs are normally amortized within 5 - 6 years. The system is now available as a proven state of the art technology with a throughput of up to 10,000 tph. The mobile crushing plants weigh up to 2,500 t. More than 120 plants have so far been installed worldwide. The author is the Australian Manager for KRUPP who has originally developed In-Pit crushing and has a worldwide market share of more than 50 %.


The purpose of the present study was to investigate the possible effect of oral magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) in the reduction of atherosclerosis plaques through inhibition of lectin‐like low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐1 (LOX‐1) gene expression in diabetic vessels.


Supratrochlear foramen(STF) is located on the bony septum that separates the olecranon fossa from the coronoid fossa, at the lower end of the humerus.The present study was conducted on 85 humerii(44 left,41 right)of unknown sex collected from the department of anatomy, A.J.Insttitute of Medical Sciences,Mangalore.The presence of a STF was noted;its shape was observed and transverse and vertical diameter were measured by using digital Vernier caliper.STF was observed in 22 (25.88% )bones.Oval shape was more predominant seen in 13 cases followed by round in 9 cases.The mean transverse and vertical diameter of right side was 4.46mm and 3.13 mm and the mean transverse and vertical diameter on the left side was 4.60mm and3.08 mm respectively. The knowledge of STF is important for orthopaedician and radiologists in their day to day clinical practice 1 .As this foramen lies between the two humeral condyles ,it is also known as intercondylarforamen. The incidence of supratrochlear foramen varies between 6-60% in different races of humans 2 . The detailed knowledge of supratrochlear foramen is important for surgeons during the pre-operative planning for treatment of most common supracondylar fracture of humeurs .The presence ofsupratrochlear foramen is also important for radiologists and orthopaedicians for proper interpretation of x-rays as they appear radiolucent and may be mistaken for cystic or osteolytic lesions 3 . The knowledge of foramen is of great helpful to anthropologistswho claim it as one of the points in establishing relationship between man and lower animals 4 .The present study is an attempt to learn the incidence and different shapes of supratrochlearforamen ofhumerus.


BACKGROUND Botulinum toxins are used for facial rejuvenation. OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy, patient satisfaction, and skin physiology after incobotulinumtoxinA treatment of the upper face. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty women aged 35 to 55 were enrolled in this single-center prospective 16-week study. Patients and an investigator blinded to visit number assessed wrinkle severity after incobotulinumtoxinA treatment of glabellar, periorbital, and forehead lines using Validated Assessment Scales at Days 0 (baseline), 2, 7, 14, 28, and 112. Responder rates (for each region) and mean wrinkle scores (whole upper face) were calculated. Treatment satisfaction was self-assessed by questionnaire. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL), stratum corneum hydration, and skin pH were measured to assess skin barrier function. RESULTS Wrinkle severity decreased rapidly after treatment. Responder rates generally peaked at Days 7 to 14. At 112 days, mean scores remained significantly lower than baseline (p < .05). Patients were significantly more satisfied with their appearance after treatment; most felt "younger" and "more attractive" (p < .05). Transepidermal water loss decreased significantly throughout (p < .05), and stratum corneum hydration increased. No treatment-related adverse events occurred. CONCLUSION IncobotulinumtoxinA rapidly improved wrinkle severity, and improvements were maintained for up to 112 days. Increased stratum corneum hydration and reduced TEWL may improve skin quality. IncobotulinumtoxinA was well tolerated and improved patients' self-perception.


Objective To explore the effects of physiological ischemia training (PIT) on the function of endothelial progenitor cells.Methods Eighteen male New Zealand rabbits (2.5 ± 0.5) kg were divided into 3 groups:a sham operation (SO) group,a myocardial ischemia (MI) group and a MI ± physiological ischemia training (MI ± PIT) group.The PIT was modeled by ischemic isometric contraction of gastrocnemius muscle induced by electric stimulation (40 Hz,1 ms,40% maximum current strength),and the MI was modeled by implantation of a water balloon to occlude the left ventrical branch of the heart.The experiment was conducted for 4 weeks.Before and after the experiments,the ability of mobilization and adhesion of endothelial progenitor cells were detected,the number and the capillary density were counted.Results Post-experiment,compared with groups SO and MI,PIT group significantly improved the ability of mobilization (151 ± 16 cells/HPF,P < 0.01) and adhesion (17.8 ± 2.8 cells/ HPF,P < 0.05),increased the circulating amount (P < 0.05) and capillary density (824.0 ± 106.6 /mm2,P < 0.05).Pearson analyze showed that there was positive correlation between circulating EPCs and capillary density.Conclusion Physiological ischemia training could improve EPCs mobilization and function,resulted to neovascularization in the ischemic heart tissues.

Key words:
Physiological ischemia training;  Endothelial progenitor cell;  Function;  Angiogenesis


This paper presents briefly the notions of interdisciplinarity, pluridisciplinarity, transdisciplinarity and their importance in modern society, but at the same time proposes an interdisciplinary approach between mathematics and various sciences or fields of activity, taking into account that in recent years, universities, institutions research and funding agencies have made great efforts to encourage interdisciplinary research.


Induction of information technology (IT) in the road transport sector is aimed at fulfilling its objectives - of standardising transport documents across the state in a digital format to facilitate smoother functioning of the transport department and to assure greater security and easier operability for the average commuter. electronic ticketing machines, an initiative of IT, issued to bus conductors on route in state owned Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) has turned out to be a complete solution for the transport community in general and corporation in specific. In this article, author explains the features of the electronic ticketing machine system and its technical details


This Dissertation is the narrative presentation of a High School physics professor about the development of a methodology for the teaching of thermology from the interpellation made by the presence of a visually impaired student in the classroom. It was concluded that, more than adaptive resources, it is necessary a methodology that brings to the scene, new relation modes between teacher and students. The presence of the visually impaired student brought possibilities of thinking the relation between daily concept and scientific concept from the concept of imagination, according to the Vigotski historical-cultural psychology. This process is fundamental for the scientific knowledge formation for all subjects, visually impaired or not. Then, this Dissertation became a methodology narrative for seers and non-seers. The final product is an annotated didactic sequence for the teaching of thermology.


Recently, strongly modulated photonic crystals, fabricated by the state-of-the-art semiconductor nanofabrication process, have realized various novel optical properties. This paper describes the way in which they differ from other optical media, and clarifies what they can do. In particular, three important issues are considered: light confinement, frequency dispersion and spatial dispersion. First, I describe the latest status and impact of ultra-strong light confinement in a wavelength-cubic volume achieved in photonic crystals. Second, the extreme reduction in the speed of light is reported, which was achieved as a result of frequency dispersion management. Third, strange negative refraction in photonic crystals is introduced, which results from their unique spatial dispersion, and it is clarified how this leads to perfect imaging. The last two sections are devoted to applications of these novel properties. First, I report the fact that strong light confinement and huge light–matter interaction enhancement make strongly modulated photonic crystals promising for on-chip all-optical processing, and present several examples including all-optical switches/memories and optical logics. As a second application, it is shown that the strong light confinement and slow light in strongly modulated photonic crystals enable the adiabatic tuning of light, which leads to various novel ways of controlling light, such as adiabatic frequency conversion, efficient optomechanics systems, photon memories and photons pinning.


Spontaneous drawings by 30 patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and 24 controls with pulmonary disease were obtained at health maintenance clinic visits between December, 1981 and April, 1983. The initial correlations were made in a prospective blind manner. The drawings were analyzed for art content, psychosocial content, and possible pathophysiologic implication. After 12 months, the pathophysiologic speculations were evaluated by direct comparison of drawings with the medical information routinely collected for health maintenance care. This retrospective analysis demonstrated some consistent relationships between drawing content and physiologic symptomatology. In addition, many interesting psychosocial correlations with the patients' life cycle events and disease severity became evident. The CF drawings exhibited a high degree of sublimation. The latter possibly was an indication of the development of survival attitudes associated with inherited, potentially fatal illness.


Presently, the wireless mobile networks and devices are becoming increasingly popular to provide users the access anytime and anywhere. The mobile systems are based on cellular approach and the area is covered by cells that overlap each other. In mobile cellular systems the handover is a very important process to maintain the desired Quality of Service (QoS). Many handover algorithms are proposed in the literature. However, to make a better handover and keep the QoS in wireless networks is very difficult. During handover decision in cellular networks, there is a risk of making incorrect decision based on incomplete or outdated information. For this reason, we use Fuzzy Logic (FL) which can operate with imprecision data. The context-triggered actions are carried out based on simple IF-THEN rules. In different from other works, we use Random Walk (RW) model and FL to design a new handover system, which is able to avoid ping-pong effect and has a good handover decision. The performance evaluation via simulations shows that proposed system can avoid ping-pong effect and has a good handover decision.


Many Nebraska laboratories offer testing services that include drinking water analyses. Some of these laboratories are operated by government agencies and others are commercial laboratories. A degree of reliability and accuracy can be expected when testing is performed in an approved laboratory. For additional information on drinking water analyses, see Drinking Water: Testing for Quality, NebGuide 907.


The article investigates and theoretically summarizes the peculiarities of training doctors at the master's level at the universities of ROC. Higher education in China is characterized by numerous changes due to the accumulation and adaptation of advanced successful experience in training specialists in different countries of the world. In this context, the property of scientists and educators of ROC concerning the organization of professional training of masters in medicine is of particular interest for Ukraine. Scientists are constantly searching for solutions and improving higher medical education in ROC. In the universities of the Republic of China, according to the field of study, the degree of master in medicine can be obtained as a professional degree and scientific degree. As a result, after completing the master's program in professional field, the master may work in positions such as senior physician, senior physician in health care, senior dentist, senior pharmaceutical, and the master in research field may work as the doctor-scientist, who carries out medical research as the main professional activity. The name of medical degrees is also different, for the professional field – clinical medicine, for the research field – preclinical medicine. Clinical medicine includes such areas of master's programs in medicine as health care, dentistry, pharmacological science; preclinical medicine includes clinical medicine, preventive medicine, dentistry, the science of human progress, the history of science and technology, biomedical engineering, social medicine and health management. The article examines the experience of implementing master's programs in medicine at higher educational institutions in China. The competence-based approach, forms and specialization of training in the organization of training and practicing students due to master's programs in medicine in ROC were determined.


The invention tube continuum robot and tubes relates to the production method, and more specifically, a plurality of tubes are tubes continuum robot having an anisotropic pattern for adjusting the physical properties, such as flexural rigidity and torsional rigidity of the tube in overlapping form of a robot and to a tube production process. Has the form dark tube continuum robot one or more tube bends according to one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of the form a tube overlapping, a plurality of the outer peripheral surface of the at least one tube is processed in the longitudinal direction or the circumferential direction of the tube are anisotropic pattern is formed.


Quantum-chemical calculation of the molecular structures of potential isomeric (NNNN)- donoratomic macrocyclic tetradentate ligands, cis- and trans-di[benzo]porphyrazines, was carried out using the density functional theory (DFT) B3PW91/TZVP. It is noted that the first of these compounds can exist in four forms [so-called ([Formula: see text]-isomers], differing from each other by the mutual orientation of hydrogen atoms bonded to the nitrogen atoms, while the second compounds take the form of two similar isomers. The values of the most important bond lengths, bond and non-bond angles in each of these ([Formula: see text] -isomeric compounds, as well as the values of their relative energy, standard enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs energy of formation are presented. It was found that the most stable among both cis- and trans-di[benzo]porphyrazines is the ([Formula: see text]-isomer with the trans-orientation of hydrogen atoms bonded to nitrogen atoms, while the ([Formula: see text] -isomers with cis-oriented hydrogen atoms for both of these compounds had significantly higher relative energies.


This paper reports the results of interface shear testing carried out to investigate the influence of test methodology on shear-displacement behavior of five different segmental (modular) masonry concrete block configurations. The tests were carried out in general conformance with existing ASTM and National Concrete Masonry Association test protocols. Three different normal load arrangements were investigated: (1) flexible airbag, (2) fixed vertical piston, and (3) an adjustable vertical piston. A video-extensometer camera device was used to record block deformations in the vertical plane during testing. The test results showed that the three load arrangements gave similar shear capacity failure envelopes for the frictional block system with flat concrete surfaces. For more typical block systems with concrete shear keys and trailing lips that exhibit dilatant interface shear behavior, or a system with shear pins, the most consistent test results were developed using the flexible airbag arrangement. The results of this paper can be used to guide the selection of the loading arrangement for conventional laboratory modular block shear testing.


Buddhism is often portrayed as a universalising religion that transcends the local and directs attention toward a transcendent dharma. Yet, wherever Buddhism spreads, it also sparks local identity discourses that, directly or indirectly, root the dharma in native soil and history, and, in doing so, frame 'the local' in Buddhist discourse. Occasionally, notably in Japanese Shinto and Tibetan Boen, this localising variety of 'framing of discourse'-here tentatively termed 'nativism'-leads to the establishment of independent traditions that break free from Buddhism; yet, in other contexts, localising trends remain firmly embedded within Buddhism. In Challenging Paradigms: Buddhism and Nativism Teeuwen and Blezer offer a comparative study of localising responses to Buddhism in different Buddhist environments in Japan, Korea, Tibet, India and Bali.


Actor network theory as the "sociology of translation," is used as a lens to examine the chronology of the development of the MOU Agreement, which provides insight into the mechanics of its formation and network of relations. Translation uncovered dimensions of the network's development: why associations between the actors were created, the factors that mobilized these heterogeneous parties to come together. Further, it also uncovered how their functions were ascribed and how stability or "black box" status was achieved. Critical discourse analysis (CDA) is positioned as a moment in ANT facilitating the analyses of the network linkages of the MOU actor network assist to identify the interactions at various levels of the MOU social partnership actor network. The two worldviews complement each other within an interpretivist framework revealing the potential to analyse network interactions through the lens of discourse.


"Introduction. The rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has created unprecedent global challenges for health systems. National Healthcare Systems Hospitals adopted protective measures and medical equipment resources, exposing healthcare workers at risk for stress syndromes, subclinical mental health symptoms, and long-term occupational burnout. Health workers have had to deal with the most severe clinical cases in intensive care specialized operative division. Since the first months of the epidemic spread, some studies have established shown that nurses have shown symptoms of severe anxiety associated with peritraumatic dissociative experiences. Most of the studies examined the emotional impact of COVID 19 on health professionals but did not focus on different consider professionals roles and hospital departments workload. Objective. The aim of our study was to analyze the emotional characteristics of health workers during the II wave of coronavirus (November-December 2020), comparing the frontline (COVID 19) and second line (chronic diseases) hospital divisions and analyzing the differences between the health roles. Methods. We conduct a pilot study among health-workers. A sample of 28 healthcare workers (aged 23-62 years) were recruited from frontline and secondline hospital departments (L'Aquila, IT). The administered psychological battery was composed of n. 4 self-reports evaluating emotional variables (depression, anxiety, and stress) (DASS-21), personality traits (BFI-10), burnout risk (MBI), and perceived stress (PSS). Results. The results highlighted significant differences: older health workers were found to be more vulnerable than those who younger health workers; another interesting point was that healthcare workers serving in frontline wards showed symptoms of depersonalization. No significant difference for the type of role held. Conclusions. A prevention program should be activated to preserve frontline and older workers mental health. Earlier support could mitigate the effect of the pandemic experience, reducing the risk for emotional health workers' fragility."


We present a high-speed fiber Bragg grating interrogator based on an active Sagnac interferometer and phase-generated-carrier demodulation performed in real time by a low-cost FPGA system. The system has 280kHz detection bandwidth and 1MS/s sampling rate, and implements a multitone-mixing scheme to reduce distortion.


In the framework of Austria's monetary and exchange rate policy, asset prices traditionally did not play a prominent role. Over long periods, asset formation, to a very large extent, took place only in the form of savings deposits via the banking system. Capital markets did not develop sufficiently to be a factor of great concern or an interesting source of information. Consequently, also wealth effects in the transmission process of monetary policy could be largely disregarded. Recent years, however, brought increasing discussion and research on this topic at the international level. Thus, in this paper we try to approach two questions which seem to be of major importance in this context, namely the information content of financial asset prices and the weight of wealth effects in the transmission process.


SUMMARY Simple approximate methods of analysis are given for change-point models 'using ranked observations. The models can be applied to continuous observations, providing a robust analysis in this case. For ranked observations, the models provide analyses for association. Numerical examples, involving continuous and ranked observations, are given.


Introduction: Persons with diabetes mellitus (DM) have increased all-cause mortality compared to the general population. Mortality rates (MR) and causes of death among children and young persons with type 1 DM (DM1) and type 2 DM (DM2) have not previously been examined in a nationwide setting. Therefore, the aim of this nationwide and unselected study was to examine all-cause and cardiac MR in children and young adults with DM1 and DM2. Furthermore, we aimed to calculate MR ratio between persons with and without DM. Method and results: The study population consisted of all persons in Denmark aged 1-35 in 2000-09 and 36-49 in 2007-09, which equals 27.1 million person-years. All 14,294 deaths in the 10-year period were included and cause of death was established based on information from death certificates and autopsy reports. The Danish Register of Medicinal Product Statistics, which holds information on all prescriptions dispensed from Danish pharmacies, was used to identify persons with DM1 (treatment with insulin or insulin-analogs only) and DM2 (other antidiabetic agents +/- insulin). MR among persons with DM was calculated using the age-specific diabetic background population as denominator. Among the 14,294 decedents there were 669 (5%) persons with DM, of which 471 (70%) had DM1 and 198 (30%) DM2. Persons with DM had an all-cause MR of 235 per 100,000 person-years compared to 51 among persons without DM (MR ratio 5, 95% CI, 4-5, p Conclusion: Children and young adults with DM have a 5-fold increased all-cause MR and a 7-fold increased risk of SCD compared to age-matched persons without DM. This study highlights the need for continuous cardiovascular risk monitoring and management in young persons with DM.


To obtain a better understanding of the effect of vehicle fires on rigid pavement, a nondestructive test method utilizing an ordinary digital camera to capture images of mortar at five elevated temperatures was undertaken. These images were then analyzed by "image color-intensity analyzer" software. In image analysis, the RGB color model was the basic system used to represent the color information of images. HSI is a derived-color model that is transformed from an RGB model by formulae. In order to understand more about surface color changes and temperatures after a vehicle fire, various transformation formulae used in different research areas were applied in this study. They were then evaluated to obtain the optimum HSI model for further studies of fire-damaged mortar through the use of image analysis.


The Thirty Meter Telescope project is designing a 30m diameter ground-based optical telescope. Unsteady wind loads on the telescope structure due to turbulence inside the telescope enclosure impact the delivered image quality. A parametric model is described that predicts the optical performance due to wind with sufficient accuracy to inform relevant design decisions, including control bandwidths. The model is designed to be sufficiently computationally efficient to allow rapid exploration of the impact of design parameters or uncertain/variable input parameters, and includes (i) a parametric wind model, (ii) a detailed structural dynamic model derived from a finite element model, (iii) a linear optical response model, and (iv) a control model. Model predictions with the TMT structural design are presented, including the parametric variation of performance with external wind speed, desired wind speed across the primary mirror, and optical guide loop bandwidth. For the median mountaintop wind speed of 5.5 m/s, the combination of dome shielding, minimized cross-sectional area, and control results in acceptable image degradation.


Objective To understand the quality of life and sleep in the autisms children's parents.Methods 60 parents of autisms children and 60 parents of healthy children were tested with generic quality of life inventory-74(GQOLI)and pittsburgh sleep quality(PSQI).Data were analyzed by t-test and linear correlation analysis.Results Compared the score of GQOLI with the parents of healthy children,the total score of GQOLI and the dimensional scores of material life,mental function and social function were all higher in the parents of autisms children.The general quality of life,mental function and social function in the parents of autisms children were significantly correlated with the quality of sleep.Conclusion The quality of life and sleep in the parents of autisms children were rather bad.


Abstract Disclosure: F.I. Cooper: None. A. Thokalath: None. S. Chalise: None. N. Vyas: None. S. Gurnurkar: None. Introduction: Evidence suggests that during the COVID-19 pandemic, adults had delayed detection of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications as well as an increase in the severity of DM symptoms. Our retrospective study aimed to determine the difference in prevalence of new onset DM and to compare the severity of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in these children prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic at Nemours Children's Health in Orlando, FL. Methods: Chart review was performed on children with new onset DM (type 1 and 2) pre-pandemic and during the pandemic (9/1/2017-9/1/2022). 509 participants met inclusion criteria. Demographic information and laboratory data were collected. One sample proportions test was used to compare the proportion of new onset DM diagnoses and severity of presentation. Chi square test was used to test association of demographics with DM onset and DKA status. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05 and all analyses were run on IBM SPSS 28.0. Results: A greater number of pediatric DM diagnoses were made during the COVID-19 pandemic when compared to pre-pandemic [295 vs 214 (p<0.001)]. More patients presented in DKA at initial diagnosis during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic (52% vs 48%, p=0.046). There was no significant difference in DKA severity between the pre-pandemic and pandemic groups (p=0.179). There was a significant difference in the average Hemoglobin A1C at diagnosis between COVID-19 unknown and COVID-19 negative group (12% vs. 10.6%, p<0.05). Conclusion: Our study found that more children were diagnosed with DM during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to an equal length of time pre-pandemic. We also found that the prevalence of DKA among those with new-onset DM was higher during the pandemic period. It is speculated that SARS-CoV-2 can disturb self-tolerance and trigger autoimmune responses through cross-reactivity with host cells. Additional studies are needed to investigate this mechanism specifically among children with new onset DM. Presentation: Friday, June 16, 2023


The invention discloses a method for preparing 5(S)-aminomethyl-3-aryl-2-oxazolidinone. The method comprises the following steps of: reacting (S)-glycidyl phthalimide and aryl aniline to prepare an addition compound; and finally preparing the 5(S)-aminomethyl-3-aryl-2-oxazolidinone through cyclization reaction and aminolysis reaction. The method has the advantages of high total yield and low cost; all intermediates and a product synthesis method have the characteristics of convenience in recovery and purification; and the purity of a final product of the method is at least over 99.9 percent.


Using the on off sensor that fixed on the load side line of electric equipment to control electric magnetic valve, then carry on remote control and realize automatic sprinkling of spray device.


In this paper, we present a methodology using bifurcation analysis and nonlinear control techniques to design aircraft maneuvers. As an illustrative example, maneuvering of an aircraft from a steady level flight to level turn flights is attempted. A constrained bifurcation analysis based procedure is used to determine the level flight and level turn steady states for an F-18/HARV model. Using the available states from bifurcation analysis results as setpoints, a Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion (NDI) technique based controller is designed to perform the closed loop simulation of a constant speed, level, coordinated turn maneuver from a straight and level flight to the maximum sustained turn rate flight conditions. Successful implementation of the technique while satisfying the prescribed constraints shows usefulness of the approach.


Report presenting an untapered aluminum-alloy box beam representing the main structural component of a full-span, two-spar, 45 degree swept wing with a carry-through section subjected to antisymmetrical tip bending and twisting loads such that stresses were kept below the proportional limit. Results regarding stresses due to antisymmetrical bending, stresses due to antisymmetrical torsion, distortions due to antisymmetrical bending, and distortions due to antisymmetrical torsion are provided.


A cyclical combined manual and decision task was examined at an elemental level to determine the effects of task difficulty and informational load upon task performance. The index of difficulty as a measure of task difficulty and the uncertainty in task information as a measure of informational load were varied. Ten young and ten older industrial workers participated in the study. Performance, decision and movement times were measured. It appears that a high information load affects to delay the decision processes of the older worker.


Langerhans cells (LC) are antigen‐presenting cells present in tissues with high antigenic exposure. Their role in the upper female reproductive tract is not fully understood. This study aims to determine the distribution and morphology of LC in the normal and post‐partum human uterine tubes and uterus by staining with the specific LC markers, CD1a and zinc iodide‐osmium (ZIO), and to determine their association with helper and cytotoxic T cells.


We approach the analysis of the domestic economy of the coastal groups of Cobija, considering hunting, fishing and gathering as dynamic subsistence strategies, with a particular configuration during the late precolumbian periods. We propose the existence of specialized fishermen, dedicated to generating a surplus of fish with help from certain technologies such as metal hooks and cotton nets. This surplus was distributed into the highlands and coastal communities in the context of a strong economic integration in Atacama during the late periods. We based our analysis ofthe domestic deposits in the study of the depositional patterns of daily remains and the functional analysis of the associated instruments or tools. Furthermore, we discuss the nuances of their economic practices in relation to the documents written during the colonization of these territories.


calcite and possibly other  carbonates which coat he surfaces of cleats. If the  calcite is not  removed by washing then it adds CaO lo that already in the ash. If the ash concentration is low then this addition of CaO can cause the concentration in the ash to rise markedly. The mineralogy of the ash ensures that it also contains some CaO. The concentration of this component of the CaO probably lemains fairly constant from sample to sample and will not vary as thc ash content changes. It therefore cannot be reduced by washing. The component of CaO originating from calcite can be removed from the coal if the calcite is liberated during washing. If it is not removed, the CaO concentration of the ash of thc washed coal may be high and variable.


The object of study of this thesis is the linguistic input in textbooks of Italian as a foreign language (FL). The intent is to study whether the linguistic changes, observed in contemporary Italia ...


Under the prospective aerospace applications of deployable tensegrity, this work aims to research on the ultralight annular deployable tensegrity antenna to satisfy the space requirements. To begin with, the deployment principle of this antenna is illuminated and the parametric modeling is carried out. After node matrix and connectivity matrix is established, the matrices of both bars and strings are obtained. Configuration parameters are planted into the computing system through node matrix. On this base, the configuration parameters is able to be calculated out through geometric analysis and interior force analysis for the antenna. Then, the algorithm of deploying process is established with MATLAB. With initial set of constant bar length and changing range of structure radius, design parameters are put into the spotlight in order to construct an efficient deployable antenna. The geometric trait of this annular tensegrity confines the solution domain of design parameters to a narrow area. Since then, in the solution domain, the optimization on the synthetical standard of various configuration parameters is performed and a combination of design parameters is selected eventually. With determined design parameters, configuration parameters can be calculated out in any state of the deploying process. Additionally, simulation for deploying process can be executed with concrete numerical values, and the results provide guides for the prototype hardware design. The prototype is manufactured and assembled, and it turns out to deploy effectively. Comparing the theoretical values and practical ones, the analysis and simulation matches the experiment to some degree.


All human nutrition is based on vegetables. As a result, they are critical for crop production, ensuring that everyone has access to enough, safe, and nutritious food to live an active and healthy life. Plant diseases are a major threat to food security because they harm plants, decrease food supply and accessibility, and raise food prices. Diseases caused by microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi pose a risk to plants. For this reason, plants must be monitored for infections from the beginning of their life cycle. The objective of this paper is to review various techniques of plant disease detection and discuss them in terms of various parameters. In this work, we present the PlantVillage dataset.