Dry detention basins (DB) are commonly used to reduce the rate of runoff in urban areas and may provide open space for recreation between storms. However, most are not effective at nitrogen removal in comparison to other measures, such as constructed wetlands. The study goal was to assess the nitrogen treatment efficiency of a DB that exhibited some wetland characteristics, including saturated soil near the inlet and wetland vegetation that covered 40% of the surface area. Influent and effluent samples were collected during multiple stages of eight storm events for nitrogen concentration analyses. High-frequency water stage, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and temperature loggers were deployed at the inlet and outlet prior to anticipated rain. As stormwater passed through the DB, the event mean concentrations (EMCs) and masses of TN declined by 20.7% and 52.3%, respectively, while the DO and pH dropped by 62% and 20.5%, respectively. Load reductions of TN exceeding 93% were observed during two small storms with rain depths of less than 0.16 cm and when the outflow volumes were reduced by greater than 82%. Temperature was significantly correlated (p < 0.001; r = 0.964) with volume reductions (via infiltration and evapotranspiration), and, thus, the treatment was better during warmer periods. The DB was effective at removing inorganic nitrogen, likely via nitrification, denitrification, and immobilization, but frequently exported higher EMCs of organic nitrogen. Overall, the DB exceeded the 10% TN removal expectation for dry basins. The findings from this study suggest that the TN treatment efficiency of DBs may be improved by incorporating wetland characteristics.


Introduction: Perioperative shivering after spinal anaesthesia is a common complication. Ketamine and tramadol are routinely used to prevent perioperative spinal shivering. Ketamine has the side-effect of delirium while tramadol causes nausea and vomiting. Dexmedetomidine an alpha2 agonist is superior to tramadol and ketamine in view of better central vasoconstrictor tone regulation and less sympathetic activity. Aim: To compare the efficacy, effect on haemodynamics, and any adverse effects of tramadol, ketamine and dexmedetomidine when used prophylactically to prevent perioperative shivering after spinal anaesthesia. Materials and Methods: This, randomised, clinical study recruited adult patients aged 18 to 65 years, of American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) I and II, of both genders undergoing surgery under spinal anaesthesia between February 2018 and August 2018. A total of 120 patients were assigned to four groups: T, D, K, and N, to receive Tramadol 0.5 mg/kg or Dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg or Ketamine 0.25 mg/kg or normal saline 5 mL, respectively. Each study drug was diluted to 5 mL using normal saline and administered as a slow intravenous (iv) bolus injection five minutes before spinal anaesthesia. Patients received subarachnoid block in L3-4 or L4-5 space in sitting position with 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 15 mg. Patients were monitored for shivering, (using a four-point scale), level of consciousness, heart rate, SpO2 , respiratory rate, non invasive blood pressure, nausea and vomiting, at intervals of every five minutes for the first 30 minutes and every 15 minutes for the remaining observation period. Results: Dexmedetomidine (n=0) offered lower incidence of shivering prevention after spinal anaesthesia than ketamine (n=2,6.6%), tramadol (n=10,33%) and normal saline groups (n=11,36.6%). Dexmedetomidine also provided the advantages of maintaining haemodynamics, respiratory rate, and consciousness, similar to ketamine or tramadol (p-value>0.05). Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine is superior to ketamine and tramadol for the prevention of shivering after spinal anaesthesia.


In order to obtain and sustain the competent ability, it's very important for the firms to scientifically estimate the information system project, which can help the firms improve the level of management. On the basis of the introduction of the estimation index system, extenics method has been applied to build up the information system extenics estimation method, and then the method's application has been analyzed.


The aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility of using a fluoride product included in a biodegradable membrane in remineralization of initial enamel carious lesions. The membrane has anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and remineralization properties, with a long-term effect. The efficiency of this treatment was assessed by measuring the surface of the demineralization area and its depth. The results proved that the use of this membrane in association with remineralization therapy of the initial enamel carious lesions increase the chances of success and represents a simple solution easily accepted by the patients.


Matthew Jill One Small Step: The Past, Present, and Future of the Federal Sentencing System The federal sentencing guidelines, which focus on offense based statistical consistency, had a ripple effect that molded the entire federal sentencing system in it's wake; this article is an individual case study demonstrating the flaws of a consistency based sentencing system, the injustice such a system can create, and why United States v. Booker is only the first step in creating a fair and effective sentencing system.


In this paper we investigate the application of particle swarm optimization in detecting collisions, including self- collisions, between deformable linear objects. This approach makes use of speciation technique to multi-local optimization in dynamic environment caused by deformation and reduces the computational needs by exploiting spatial relationships between the primitives and also frame-to-frame coherence to find solutions. Experimental results prove the efficiency and applicability of our approach.


Observations of pre-activated ice nuclei were carried out at Barrow, Alaska, and at the summit of Mt. Fuji, 3776m above sea level, in winter. Outside air at subzero temperature was sampled simultaneously by two millipore filters of pore size 1.2*. One of the filters was developed by the usual method of using supercooled sugar solution for counting the number of ice nuclei, without warming it above 0*. The other one of them was developed after warmingabove +20*. Difference of number of ice nuclei between the cold filter and warmed one indicates the number of ice nuclei pre-activated by cooling. It was concluded from these observations that the pre-activation process by cooling occurs in polar air masses and in the upperatmosphere.


Using information gained from parallel investigations on lithiated/over-lithiated graphite and hard carbon, we propose two different processes for lithium nucleation and dendrite growth in the carbon allotropes based on their different crystal structures. In the case of graphite, lithium nucleation and initial growth of lithium dendrites occur inhomogeneously on the graphite surfaces during the over-lithiation process, which exposes lithium nucleation to the electrolyte causing formation of a large amount of electrolyte degradation products (EDPs) and knob-like dendrites covered with a thick lithium electrolyte interphase (LEI). However, in the case of hard carbon, lithium nucleation and initial growth occur inside the hard carbon nanopores, which limits side reactions, provides a higher capacity (∼550 mA h/g vs ∼370 mA h/g for graphite), and generates dendrites with smooth clean surfaces during the over-lithiation process. These findings could profoundly influence the overall electrode design, the improv...


Cultural conflict and integration is inevitable in the process of cultural development. Although cultural conflict and integration appear to be different, actually they are the same in essence. Universities and colleges are the place of cultural inheritance, transmission and innovation. Correctly handling these conflicts and integrations in the development of college culture has significant implications, which are helpful in promoting college culture, developing a harmonious college culture, and guiding young students to adhere to the correct directions of socialist culture.


Rosai Dorfmann disease (RDD), first described in 1969 by Rosai and Dorfmann, is a rare, benign disorder of unknown etiology. It is a distinct clinopathological entity, typically characterized by non Langerhan histiocytic cell proliferation with massive cervical lymphadenopathy. Axillary, mediastinal and inguinal nodes are affected rarely. Fever, anemia, leucocytosis, hypergamma globulinemia, raised ESR and rarely autoimmune hemolytic anemia may coexist; mimicking differentials like Wegener's granulomatosis, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, Tuberculosis, Hodgkin's lymphoma, monocytic leukaemia and rhinoscleromatosis. Hence, a high clinical suspicion with immunopathological analysis confirms the diagnosis, as in this case report.


The EANS Skull-base Section Board would like to warn you about the risks that neurosurgeons are currently facing in their practice. We are drastically reducing our elective surgeries, but we could be exposed to the COVID-19 during emergency procedures. In particular, a higher risk of virus transmission could be present during trans-sphenoidal approaches. In this regard, some important recommendations were recently broadcasted in the surgical community and are available by following the links on the next page.


This is the sequence to the bibliography published in Central Asian Survey, Vol 10, Nos 1–2, 1991, pp 189–247. It includes both new publications and reprints and translations of publications already mentioned in the original bibliography. It is, therefore, divided only into three parts—reprints and translations, new published sources and new studies. In the original bibliography , a request was addressed to the readers to send the details of publications not included and corrections to mistakes. We are most grateful for the response. Again, we shall be most grateful for any corrections and information about items not included here for further updates of this bibliography.*


Sentence completion, originally a semi-projective psychological technique, has been used as an effective and lightweight user research method in UX design. More information is yet still needed to understand how different sentence stems probe users' insights, thereby providing recommendations for effective sentence completion surveys. We used the completion method on a large-scale sample to explore (e-)readers' experiences and needs. Depending on their reading habits, participants (N=1880) were asked to complete a set of sentences, as part of a web survey. With 14143 user ideas collected in two weeks, our results confirm that remote online sentence completion is a cost-effective data collection method able to uncover feelings, attitudes, motivations, needs, or frustrations. Variation in sentence stems affected collected data in terms of item response rate, idea quantity as well as variety and originality. Building on previous research, this paper delivers actionable insights to optimize the richness of sentence completion outputs.


New device isolation process, called elevated field insulator (ELFIN) process, for ultrathin SOI devices with top silicon film less than 20 nm has been proposed and successfully demonstrated. In ELFIN process, gate oxidation and subsequent gate poly-Si deposition is followed by conventional STI process. ELFIN process has a field region elevated compared with active silicon region, leading to prevention of silicon edge from being wrapped around by gate poly-Si. It is found that thin-film SOI NMOSFETs with ELFIN process have better reverse narrow channel effect about 50% at W/sub G/=0.3 /spl mu/m than that with conventional shallow trench isolation (STI) process.


The results of recent theoretical investigations for the dynamical processes in the title are briefly summarized. The first is the vibrational predissociation of an internal hydrogen bond in an open ethanol oligomer subsequent to fundamental OH stretch excitation in the hydrogen bond. The second is the population relaxation of the OH stretch in HOD in D2O solution. Both systems have recently been the subject of solution experiments. In each case, the experimental times are approximately accounted for. In addition, the mechanisms of these processes, which are governed by the nonlinear, anharmonic features of the molecular solute potentials, are described.


This paper analyzes Nocturnal Animals (2016) a movie by Tom Ford, from Austin Wright's masterpiece novel Tony and Susan. The work shows the formal solutions that allow Ford to build up a movie that intersects a narrative with two storylines, underlining the fundamental semantic tensions between them. Eventually the meaning of this operation is explained in the milieu of the so-called "post-medium era" (with its implications on audiovisual narrative) by creating a parallel between the movie and the structure of Greek tragedy, that lied upon two plans of narration with similar characteristics: the Chorus and the myth.


Traditionally, amniocentesis is performed between 17 and 23 weeks of gestation. This enables decisions regarding the course of pregnancy to be made before viability. Less frequently, amniocentesis is performed in the third trimester. Advanced genomic technologies such as chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) provide more detailed information about the fetus compared with traditional G‐banded chromosomal analysis. The aim of this study was to assess the indications for and safety of late amniocentesis, genetic‐test results (especially in the context of CMA technology) and outcome of pregnancies that underwent the procedure after 24 weeks.


Purely external factors determined the creation of Finland as a distinct political entity. As Edward C. Thaden dryly puts it, 'Finnish autonomy, and even the existence of a Finnish nation, can be considered an incidental byproduct of wars between Sweden and Russia during the eighteenth and at the beginning of the nineteenth centuries'.1 Prior to 1809 themainly Finnish-speaking territories east of theGulf of Bothnia and north of the Gulf of Finland were an integral part of Sweden. As on the other side of the Gulf of Bothnia, the language of the elites was Swedish. The sea did not separate but rather united the eastern provinces with the hub of the state, and these were more oriented to Stockholm than to each other (see Chapter 4). The south-western region of what later became the Finnish state belonged more or less to the core of the Swedish kingdom, whereas the other regions remained at the periphery. The concept of Finland existed, but it was more a geographical term than a political one. Initially it referred to the southwestern region, which had been strongly linked to the core of the state from the thirteenth century onward. Only later was it extended to cover the Finnishspeaking peripheries, which in the course of the subsequent centuries came under the firm control of the Swedish monarchs.2 At the end of the eighteenth century about 15 percent of the total population consisted of Swedish-speakers, most of whom were engaged in farming and fishing on the coastal regions. Themost striking characteristic of Swedish society, in the Finnish regions as well as in the territorymakingup thepresent-day Swedish state,was a freepeasantry, which constituted the backbone of the social structure. Thanks to class balance in the rural economy, the relations of production were never really feudalised. Moreover, during the eighteenth century the position of the landholding peasants was reinforced markedly. In the double process of increases in peasant property and of enclosures, a foundationwas laid for the emergence of a strong market-oriented cultivator class as well as for the internal differentiation of the agricultural population.


To identify the reasons for presentation of sexual assault more than 72 h after the incidents at Newcastle Hospital, South Africa.


SUMMARY: Cultures of Azotobacter chroococcum isolated by four independent operators regularly produced Gram-positive forms, from which typical cultures of A. chroococcum were recovered under controlled conditions. This observation appears to confirm those of earlier workers, and is in accordance with the theory that the aerobic and anaerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria may be closely related.


Now the epidemic prevention and control has been continuing, frequent removal and wearing of masks in railway stations, subway stations and places such as commuting to and from work are prone to the spread of the virus, and face detection is an important part of the face recognition system. Aiming at the complex environmental factors such as partial occlusion, angle change, light intensity and face blur in face detection in these places, This paper improves the detection accuracy by improving the RetinaFace algorithm. Firstly, the lightweight GhostNet network is introduced to substitute the former MobileNet0.25 backbone network of RetinaFace, and a lightweight model improved version of RetinaFace is obtained, which not only ensures that the model is smaller but also ensures the speed of face detection; In addition, The efficient ECA channel attention mechanism is fused in the enhanced feature extraction network of the model to further enhance the detection performance of small face samples in complex environments. Finally, the simulation conclusion show that compared with the former RetinaFace algorithm, the detection performance of this method in the verification set of different levels of the reconstructed WIDER FACE dataset reaches 93.4% (Easy), 90.8% (Medium) and 77.1% (Hard), which is improved by 2.7 percentage points, 2.2 percentage points and 5 percentage points, respectively. It can be seen that after the introduction of GhostNet network and ECA attention mechanism, the recognition accuracy of faces in complex environments is further improved and network performance is improved.


PURPOSE: A method of manufacturing triple metal coin is intended to provide triple metal coin and medal, which ensures excellent coupling of an outer ring to bimetal, an inner ring to insert and has excellent surface appearance. CONSTITUTION: A method of manufacturing triple metal coin comprises next steps. The inner/outer surfaces of an inner ring(1) are blanked at a right angle, protrusions(2,4) are processed on the outer surface and annealing and pickling are done. Insert(3) is blanked and annealed, a protrusion is processed on the outer surface and pickling is done. The inner/outer surfaces of an outer ring(5) are blanked at a right angle and annealing and pickling are done. After the inner ring and insert coupled by pressing, the outer ring is coupled by pressing. Alternatively, after the inner ring and outer ring are coupled by pressing, the insert is coupled by pressing. Alternatively, the inner ring, insert and outer ring are simultaneously coupled by pressing.


Two new genera and two new species of nematodes (Ungellidae, Drilonematoidea) parasitic in Neotropic acanthodrilids from the collection of the Natural History Museum of Geneva, Switzerland, are described. Yagansiella longicollis gen. n., sp. n. and Ungella chileana sp. n. are parasitic in Yagansia spatulifera, whereas Ungella micronychium sp. n. in Y. diversicolor and Patagoniella capitoporus gen. n., sp. n. in Y. papillosa. Yagansiella longicollis gen. n., sp. n. resembles Ungella in general morphology but differs by anterior position of ovary top cell and posterior vulva position, characteristic body and caudal fimbriate organs shape. U. chileana sp. n. is distinguished by large circular fimbriate organs in tail, female body shape and arrangement of female genital tube and spicule shape. Ungella micronychium sp. n. differs by minute cephalic hooks and shape of fimbriate organs and spicules and gubemaculum. Patagoniella capitoporus gen. n., sp. n. is distinguished by anteriormost position of excretory pore, anterior vulva position and shape of fimbriate organs and spicules and gubemaculum.


Recombinant DNA research, the splicing together, in a test tube, of segments of genetic molecules from organisms of different kinds and even in some cases, different species, has led to a public debate concerning the ethical aspects of research that is unique in the history of science. During the few years that have passed since its inception, this kind of research has led to three remarkable events: the researchers have agreed upon a temporary moratorium on certain types of experiments (1974), several city councils and other local governments in the USA (e.g. in Cambridge, Mass.) have taken a stand with respect to this kind of research,' and a large number of countries have introduced or are about to introduce, public control with it. Recombinant DNA research does indeed raise several interesting and difficult ethical questions. Most of the problems that have been discussed in connection with nuclear research and nuclear energy come up again in connection with recombinant DNA research. In addition, there are other difficulties which, in part, have to do with the fact that recombinant DNA research takes place in an area


Objective Evaluation of atorvastatin on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury process,improvement of cardiac function and myocardial protective effects.Methods 30 healthy male rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups:sham operation group,ischemia reperfusion group(I/R group),atorvastatin group(treatment group),1 hour before surgery with atropine treatment group were fed saline with 10mg/kg atorvastatin,left anterior descending coronary artery ligation after 30 minutes,open 1 hour to make rabbit model of ischemia-reperfusion;by measured using physiological recording cardiac function,by Evans blue + 1% triphenyl tetrazolium chloride(TTC) staining,double isolated necrosis in ischemic myocardium.Results Sham perfusion before and after the LVSP,LVEDP,± dp/dtmax,were no significant differences(P0.05),I/R group and treatment group were significantly different(P0.05);compared with the sham operation group,I/R group and treatment group LVEDP increased significantly(P0.05),LVSP and ± dp/dtmax decreased significantly(P0.05);I/R group compared with the treatment group decreased LVSP and ± dp/dtmax was no significant difference(P0.05),but LVEDP increased and myocardial infarction rates declined significantly(P0.05).Conclusion Effect of atorvastatin on myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury.


J. B. Fecht 271-T 200-W \ LEGAL NOTICE This report was prepared w In Account of Government sponsored work. Neither the United W. P. Ingalls 271-T 200-W A. Mikei ey warruty or repreientalon. upressed or Implied. /th re/pect to the accuStates, nor the Commiaoton, nor any person acting on behalf of the Comminion: my, completeness, or usefulness of the informauon con/ned in this report, or Utal Ute ... ' R. E. Isaacson 2704-Z 200 -W *··--.4.0. 1 of any Lnformauon. apparalus, method, or process dliclosect in this report..ly not Infringe , B. Aasumes any lialltues la reopect to the use of, or for Clare/8 res'alting from the ; Use of any informi lon, opparatus, method, or process disclosed in this report. · I J. W. Jordan 271-U 200-W ployee or =gactor of the Commission, or employee of such Contractor, . th. extent that Aa used in the above, "person acting on behalf of the Comilisbn" Includes any emauch employee or contractor of the Commission, or employee of such contractor prepares, G. R. Kiel Fed.Bldg. 700 wlth the Commission, or hia employment Mth such contractor. dissemmates. or provides access to, any Information plrationt 63 his employment or contrict


Vibrio spp. are responsible for high mortality and severe economic loss in prawn industry in all the prawn producing countries. The incidence of high antibiotic resistance is reported in hatcheries. For the present study, 23 isolates of Vibrio species from the larvae, larval rearing water, Artemia and Artemia rearing water from the hatchery system of Macrobrachium rosenbergii were used. The isolates were characterised and nine different species were identifi ed viz., V. harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus, V. damsela, V. splendidus, V. anguillarum, V. alginolyticus, V. fl uvialis, V. vulnificus and V. campbelli. Fifteen commonly used antibiotics in the hatchery system were tested against the isolated Vibrio species. The results showed that all the isolates (100%) were resistant to ampicillin, erythromycin, doxycycline hydrochloride and sensitive to amikacin, chloramphenicol, cefaclor, gentamycin and streptomycin.


Photoactive yellow protein, a small, water-soluble blue-light absorbing photoreceptor protein from Ectothiorhodospira ( Halorhodospira ) halophila has a structure with two hydrophobic cores, of which the main one houses its light-sensitive chromophore ( p -coumaric acid), separated by a central β-sheet. This photoreceptor protein contains a single tryptophan residue (W119) that is situated at the interface between the central β-sheet and its N-terminal cap. The fluorescence properties of W119 in the dark state pG ( λ _max = 328 nm; Φ _fl = 0.01; nearly pH-independent) are typical for a buried tryptophan in a hydrophobic environment with significant quenching by nearby amino acid residues. Signalling state formation leads to pH-dependent fluorescence changes: At pH values <6.5 the fluorescence emission increases, with a minor blue shift of the emission maximum. Above this pH, the emission maximum of the tryptophan shifts considerably to the red, whereas its total intensity decreases. These results further support the contention that signalling state formation in PYP leads to significant changes in the structure of this protein, even at sites that are at a considerable distance from the chromophore. The nature of these changes in pB, however, depend upon the pH imposed upon the protein: At slightly alkaline pH, which presumably is closest to the pH to which this protein is exposed in vivo , these changes lead to an exposure of the part of the central β-sheet harbouring W119. At slightly acidic pH the polarity of the environment of W119 is hardly affected by the formation of the signalling state but the quenching of its fluorescence emission, possibly by nearby amino acids, is reduced. On the other hand, its accessibility for quenching by small molecules in the solution is enhanced at acidic and alkaline pH in the signalling state (pB) compared to the dark state (pG). This latter observation points towards a more flexible structure of the N-terminal cap, having a looser interaction with the central β-sheet in pB.


Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) belongs to the γ-herpes virus family and is a double-stranded DNA virus. EBV infection is extremely common in the human population. EBV can escape the body's immune attack and establish a lifelong latent infection in B lymphocytes. EBV infection can cause different degrees of immune response in the body, involving almost all organs and tissues of the body, causing a variety of non-malignant lymphatic growth diseases, neoplastic diseases, and autoimmune diseases. EBV laboratory tests can help to diagnose EBV infection and identify the phase of infection. The mechanism of EBV infection is complicated. After infection, the clinical disease spectrum is wide, the severity is different, and the prognosis varies widely. Understanding the prognosis and related factors of EBV infection-related diseases is of great significance for its clinical prevention and treatment. This article reviews the research progress of EBV infection-related diseases as well as their clinical detection, treatment, and prognosis.

Key words:
Epstein-Barr virus; Related diseases; Herpes virus


BACKGROUND
This study examined the associations of objectively measured physical activity in Physical Education and recess with academic performance in youth.

METHODS
This cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,780 participants aged 6 to 18 years (863 girls). Physical activity was objectively measured by accelerometry and was also classified according to sex- and agespecific quartiles of physical activity intensities. Academic performance was assessed through school records.

RESULTS
Physical activity in physical education (PE) and recess was not associated with academic performance (β ranging from -0.038 to -0.003; all P > .05). Youth in the lowest quartile of physical activity in PE engaged in an average of 1.40 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and those in the highest quartile engaged in 21.60 min (for recess: lowest quartile, 2.20 min; highest quartile, 11.15 min). There were no differences in academic performance between quartiles of physical activity in Physical Education and recess.

CONCLUSIONS
Time spent at different physical activity intensities during PE and recess does not impair academic performance in youth.


This research work focuses on the theoretical investigation of the possible coexistence of superconductivity and ferromagnetism in superconductor UCoGe. By developing a model Hamiltonian for the system under consideration and using double time temperature dependent Green's function formalism, we obtained expressions for superconducting transition temperature ( ) , c T magnetic order temperature ( ) , m T superconductivity order parameter ( ) Δ and magnetic order parameter ( ). η By employing appropriate experimental and theoretical values for the parameters in the developed expressions, a phase diagram that shows the


The aim of this thesis is to develop a holistic approach to the optimal design of energy systems for building clusters or districts. The emerging Albano university campus, which is planned to be a ...


The major evidences and important underlying reasons of the extensive growth in university laboratory construction are expounded.Then the steps to strengthen the awareness of limited resources and the measures to address the issue of extensive growth are explored.


The present study offers insights on understanding motivation to learn a second language (L2) through implementation of the Exploratory Practice principles within the context of English as a foreign language at a university in Spain, and on discovering opportunities to enhance this. The account sits within the domain of the possible selves and the theoretical framework of the L2 Motivational Self System. Student-led visualisation – a twist on teacher-led visualisation – is the key 'Potentially Exploitable Pedagogic Activity' (PEPA), explored as a device for inviting a near-future L2 self-guide into the here-and-now. This PEPA evolved out of stages of understanding, including student dismissal as 'fantasies' their possible professional L2 selves in a remoter future. Through classroom observation, template analysis of imagery scripts, and student oral and written feedback, the present study finds that the students demonstrated motivated L2 behaviour in group writing about the near-future ideal L2 self and in introducing this self-guide to their peers, who were moved by and found plausible the stories they heard.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
To record the surgical peculiarities during phacoemulsification in patients with type II diabetes.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
A retrospective, noncomparative analysis. Data from 58 eyes of 43 patients having significant cataract with type II diabetes of more than 5 years' duration who underwent phacoemulsification were considered. Intraoperative difficulties and complications were noted and analyzed.

RESULTS
In 24.13% (n = 14) of the cases, the nucleus could not be divided after initial trenching. The management of the nucleus and the cortex required modifications in the surgical technique.

CONCLUSIONS
Type II diabetic cataracts were sticky and leathery in approximately one-quarter of the cases.


The text studies the strength of φ100 mm×100 mm concrete core,φ75 mm×75 mm concrete core,φ48 mm×48 mm concrete core and 150 mm×150 mm×150 mm concrete masonry under the same conditions.Moreover amendments to the relationship of concrete pressive strength of different diameter concrete core and standard concrete masonry is given on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of domestic research results.The author's point of view is also given in the text.


Abstrcat The Loess Plateau watershed rehabilitation project is a large scale comprehensive controlling engineering with first time using foreign capital for soil and water conservation field in China. The model of large scale, high standard, high quality, high velocity and mass control is used, and the project implementation goes on wheels. By the end of project, the social and ecological environment of project area is improved obviously, the soil and water loss has been controlled effectively, the income of farmer in project area is increased markedly with 1 158 Chinese Yuan. Since the project has been implemented, the productive condition of agriculture and rural foundation has been improved, the structure of agriculture industry has been adjusted, dominant industry has been formed, and the typical model of watershed comprehensive control has been set up with feasible operation of economy and sustainable development of environment.


This chapter contains sections titled: Derivation of efficient HDL description Operator sharing Functionality sharing Layout-related circuits General circuits Synthesis guidelines Bibliographic notes ]]>


The reunification of East and West Germany in the year 1990 signalled the start of a new chapter in the history of the German nation. This reunification took place in a legal sense through the accession of the previous German Democratic Republic (GDR) to the Federal Republic of Germany with its legal and democratic system and its membership in the European Union (EU) and in the military organisation of the NATO. In the short term sense in the economic and social sectors, this lead to an historically unprecedented process of transforma tion from the forty years of socialist planned economy to the Western style of market economy, which is primarily based on private ownership. This caused deep-rooted changes in the living conditions of almost every citizen of Eastern Germany. The social process of transformation hit the Eastern German agricultural sector with full force, thus causing a structural change. This was not simply a question of privatisation. The task at the same time was to develop the agricultural sector to adopt a market-orientated, internationally competitive, lasting and more environmentally tolerable position and to incorporate it within the EU agricultural policies. On the one hand, the previous course of the agricultural process of transformation in the new Federal States reveals tendencies to align with the West German and West European agricul tural conditions, on the other hand however, there are also interesting peculiarities, including the quality of the company forms, unknown in Western Europe-small family farming com panies side by side with privately-owned, large expansive companies in a broad range of legal forms. The privatisation of the land will be completed in the near future. However, the clarification of legal matters pertaining to the individual interests of ownership will stretch into the coming century. Family companies and large private agricultural companies are both subject in an equal manner to the competitive pressure of the national and international markets and only have a true perspective for the future if they are based on a stable clarification of land ownership. The agricultural use of the areas of land has changed considerably in comparison to 1990. In plant production-not least as a result of the EU market regulations-a trend towards more extensive utilisation has set in, involving a greater propor tion of grain and maize and a marked reduction in root crop, fruit and vegetable production, even in the traditional East German cultivation centres. The East German livestock and agricultural products of animal origin have dropped by 50% in comparison to their previous levels. The East German Federal States are by far no longer self-supporting in terms of meat and dairy production. They are also supplied by the West European markets. The agricultural sector was forced to relinquish its previous stabilising position as a regional employer in the rural regions as a result of the redundancy of several hundred thousand agricultural workers. This lead to a severe level of unemployment and the dismantling of social functions which had been based on professional work. The consequences for the rural regions resulting from this cannot yet be predicted. Whereas the suburban rural municipalities in the close proximity of larger city growth centres developed in a positive and dynamic manner, the larger proportion of the rural municipalities with their often traditionally agricultural or commercial mono structures suffered considerable disadvantage, sometimes to the extent that their very exis tence has becone endangered. The state subsidies which have been distributed in a relatively generous manner up until now have only been sufficient to balance these deficits to a certain extent.


How to dispatch manufacturing resources rapidly according to market demands is the key in intense competitions,so a rapid modeling and simulation system for task-oriented product line is introduced in the paper.This system is based on modeling and simulation technology of manufacturing.Object-oriented method is used to establish manufacturing resources class library,and related rules of manufacturing and process are included in it.By analyzing the structure and process of product,and constraints of task and enterprise,a task-oriented product line model is established automatically and rapidly,which contributes to rearrange resources.This system is very helpful to scheduling and managing.


Single and double octyl phosphate is an important anionic surfactant and corrosion inhibitor.It plays a very important role in the fine chemical and petroleum chemical industry.Octyl phosphate was synthesized with phosphoric acid and iso-octanol.Tungsten phosphoric acid was chosen to catalyze the reaction because of its high catalytic performance.Catalyst preparation parameters and reaction conditions have great influence on the reaction.The catalytic performance of catalyst was highest when tungsten phosphoric acid content was 5.0%.Product yield improved with the increase of the amount of catalyst increased and unchanged basically after 2.0%.Increasing the molar ratio of iso-octanol and acid was benefit to the reaction.But the product yield began to decrease as the ratio of iso-octanol and acid over 2.3.The reaction was completed after 4h.The experiment results indicate that the optimum conditions as following:tungsten phosphate acid content was 5.0%,tungsten phosphoric acid as the catalyst,catalyst dosage was 2.0%,iso-octanol and acid molar ratio was 2.3,the reaction time was 4h.At this point the yield of octyl phosphate was 87.4%.


A control method of active noise control of vehicle exhaust based on internal model control structure was researched.The inverse model of the secondary path was modeled using Shannon-Bode method and RLS adaptive inverse modeling method,and the robust stability and robust character of the control system were analysed.A method based on PSO algorithm was proposed to modify the parameter of feedback filter against the modeling error.The adaptive inverse modeling model and active noise control model of vehicle exhaust were set up with Matlab/Simulink,and the simulation result indicates that the internal control method can further improve the control effect against the noise of vehicle exhaust.


Image Skincare Prevention + Daily Matte Moisturizer Oil Free SPF 32 + see review, you will get discount or special price this product


The subject of Stefan Collini's Absent Minds is a "rich tradition of debate about the question of intellectuals" in twentieth-century Britain, in particular debate about "their absence or comparative insignificance" (1). The debate begins with the Dreyfus Affair and its unpredictable British reception (the queen, for example, was a believer in Dreyfus's innocence), simmers intriguingly through the 1920s and 1930s, and becomes positively effervescent in the 1950s, perhaps because of a new democratization of the public sphere. Collini is less interested in the possible historical causes than in the rhetorical structure that persists, swirling around figures as different as T. S. Eliot, R. G. Collingwood, George Orwell, A. J. P. Taylor, and A. J. Ayer, each of whom gets a full-length profile. Other chapters mix shorter profiles—for example, the devastatingly funny discussion of Colin Wilson and the authorities who briefly and embarrassingly made him a star in their firmament—with synthesis of the debate over intellectuals at different scales (for example, how it was shaped by particular periodicals and by the transition to electronic media) and in different national settings. Coming closer to the present, Collini admires Edward Said for what he did as an intellectual while disputing what he said about intellectuals—a celebration of rigorous exile from all social belonging, which could only leave the category of the intellectual looking almost totally uninhabited. The move turns out to be characteristic: it is as if Collini felt he could win a proper admiration for what intellectuals do only by rejecting most of their self-images, or evasion thereof.


Captions, which are used as a means of information support for deaf and hard-of-hearing students, are usually presented only in text form. Therefore, when mathematical equations and figures are frequently used in a classroom, the captions will show several demonstrative words such as "this equation" or "that figure." As there is a delay between the teacher's utterance and the display of the captions sometimes, it is difficult for users to grasp the target of these demonstrative words accurately. In this study, we prepared hybrid captions with mathematical equations and figures and verified their effectiveness via a comparison with conventional text-only captions. The results suggested that the hybrid captions were at least as effective as the conventional captions at helping the students understand the lesson contents. A subjective evaluation with a questionnaire survey also showed that the experimental participants found the hybrid captions to be acceptable without any discomfort. Furthermore, there was no difference in the number of eye movements of the participants during the experiment, suggesting that the physical load was similar for both types of captions.


The invention discloses a kind of pupil's Multifunctional folk,Including jaw,Fork handle,Pitch handle,The jaw,Fork handle is integral type structure,Described fork handle one end is fixed with fork handle,Side is provided with loudspeaker by the fork,The loudspeaker side is provided with display screen,One end inside is provided with screw by the fork,Side is connected with toothbrush handle by the fork,Described toothbrush handle one end is provided with external screw thread,The toothbrush handle side is fixed with brush,The fork inside both sides being equipped with USB jack,Charging jacks,USB jack,Charging jacks side is equipped with dust plug,Audio Players are provided with,Audio Players side is provided with battery,Battery side is provided with d GPS locating module,Audio Players opposite side is provided with temperature sensor,Display screen is electrically connected with temperature sensor,Pass through the toothbrush handle and brush of setting,Increase the function of fork,Form the custom that pupil's love is brushed teeth,It is convenient for carrying,The screw of setting,It is easy to regularly replace toothbrush.


Disequilibrium has created the conditions for a profound ideological shift if we can seize the moment. The United States government pounced on the collapse of the twin towers to launch a campaign for the complete redesign of Planet Earth's geopolitical architecture. While the monetary and military basis for US power has remained intact – for the time being – the predictability of international relations, even and especially from the imperial point of view, has diminished profoundly. Now we are faced with a period that needs the left more than ever, at a time when we are, in many respects, weaker than ever. I want to suggest that re-orientation to correct this deficiency will require new standpoints of observation, and the incorporation of these new standpoints into our organizational development and our political strategies. We can begin this by launching a massive public (and self) education effort and making that counter-propaganda the centerpiece of our organizing for the next two to three years. Everything we seem to know about activism in the US is residue from the Civil Rights struggle and the subsequent anti-war and women's liberation upsurges. And, in the words of Anthony Asadullah Samad writing for Black Commentator:


This thesis develops and evaluates statistical methods for different types of genetic analyses, including quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis, genome-wide association study (GWAS), and genomic e ...


1. The actions of reserpine have been investigated using a number of tissues containing contractile elements. 2. Both the direct effects of reserpine and its actions upon drug- induced responses have been investigated. 3. Reserpine has been found to antagonise some of the effects of acetylcholine, (-)-adrenaline, (-)-noradrenaline, 5-hydroxytryptamine, pitressin, barium chloride and potassium chloride on such preparations as the frog rectus abdominis muscle, the isolated guinea-pig ileum, and auricles, the isolated perfused heart and the spinal cat. 4. It is suggested that reserpine may affect the metabolic processes which underlie muscular contraction.


The book "The Verification Theory of Meaning: A Quinean Prospective" attempts at presenting a clear perspective on the verification theory of meaning in the field of philosophy of language. In the introductory chapter, the aim of meaning theory and the task of positivists are elaborated. Other topics covered hereby are the analytic propositions, synthetic propositions, logic, language, translation, theory, verification theory of meaning, cognitivism, subject/predicate relationship, meaning atomism, logical positivism, merit and demerit of verification theory, logical falsificationism, meaning holism. Each chapter is followed by plenty of experiences for the benefit of the reader and the researchers.


Review question / Objective: By using mesh meta-analysis, we can determine the most effective mouthwash during clinical care for patients with chemoradiotherapy-associated oral mucositis. Condition being studied: At present, we have carried out a preliminary literature search for the identification of search terms and search formulas. Eligibility criteria: Study type - RCT; study subjects: chemoradiotherapy patients with potential risk of OM, no OM before the study, unlimited age, nationality and duration; intervention: oral care liquid gargle; outcome index: incidence of OM.


For over a considerable length of time, scientists have shown keen interest in studying the atmospheric dynamics. Especially when it comes to the investigation of the atmospheric electric field, the changes associated with it help the researcher fundamentally in characterizing other important parameters in the atmospheric studies additionally. These changes in the atmospheric and its response under fair weather or turbulent phases of climate become a promising source of investigation and may prove to be vital in early warning systems provided they are studied on the longer run on consistent basis. In this paper, authors discuss a ground based method for analyzing and investigating the electric field variation in the atmosphere through the electric field mill system installed at the institutional premises of Madhav Institute of Technology and Science at Gwalior in the state of Madhya Pradesh (26° 14' N, 78° 10' E).


Older Australians lack guidance from and recourse to a dedicated, comprehensive, human rights protection framework. Consequently, they lack identity as rights holders. Accordingly, as individuals they are vulnerable to human rights violations.


Learning Objectives: Optimal vasopressor management during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is not known. Vasopressin may cause less pulmonary and cerebral vasoconstriction than epinephrine and thus improve regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). We hypothesized that during personalized, hemodynamic-directed CPR (HD-CPR), both epinephrine and vasopressin would increase mean aortic pressure (MAoP), coronary perfusion pressures (CoPP), CBF, and cerebral tissue oxygenation (PbtO2) and that rCBF would increase to a greater degree following vasopressin than with epinephrine. Methods: Secondary analysis of physiologic measures during HDCPR with vasopressors titrated to CoPP ≥20mmHg (epinephrine for first and second doses with ≥1 minute following each dose, followed by vasopressin "rescue" if epinephrine insufficient to maintain CoPP) in porcine models of ventricular fibrillation (VF) and asphyxia-associated VF cardiac arrest. Physiologic variables (MAoP, CoPP, invasive laser Doppler-measured rCBF, PbtO2) were measured invasively and averaged into 15-second data epochs prior to and following vasopressor administration. The 1-minute mean of pre-vasopressor data epochs was compared to the maximum post-vasopressor 15-second epoch value to capture the peak effect. Paired analyses of prevs. post-vasopressor values were performed with Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Percent change in each value was compared between epinephrine and vasopressin using Wilcoxon rank sum test and a linear regression model accounting for repeated measures within each animal and timing of vasopressor doses within each experiment. Results: CoPP, MAoP, rCBF, and PbtO2 all rose significantly after administration of both epinephrine and vasopressin (p<0.001 for all). The percent change in systemic hemodynamics and PbtO2 did not differ between vasopressin and epinephrine (CoPP: +62.2% [16.8, 133.1] vs. +45.5% [2.8, 132.8], p=0.17; MAoP: +68.4% [34.5, 86.5] vs. +32.0 [10.1, 117.9], p=0.63; PbtO2: +66.6% [34.4, 95.4] vs. +57.0% [-2.3, 122.9], p=0.16). The percent change in rCBF was higher following vasopressin than epinephrine on univariate (+144.5% [97.4, 178.8] vs. +41.1% [6.7, 141.9], p<0.001) and regression analysis (+64.2% [CI95 21.3–107.1]; p=0.006). Conclusions: With CPR targeted to hemodynamics, both epinephrine and vasopressin increase myocardial and cerebral hemodynamics. Vasopressin increases rCBF more than epinephrine. Further work should investigate the potential role of vasopressin rescue therapy as a neuroprotective therapy during CPR. CCMCritical Care MedicineCrit Care Med0090-3493Lippincott Williams & WilkinsHagerstown, MD CCM


The invention discloses a welding pliers rack with balancers, which comprises a frame, a first electric hoist, a second electric hoist, a cross rail capable of moving up and down, a first pulley, a second pulley, a third pulley, a first balancer, a second balancer, a welder, a pair of welding pliers and a telescopic cylinder limit mechanism for limiting the cross rail. The cross rail is provided with a slide groove. The first electric hoist and the second electric hoist are suspended below the cross rail of the frame at an interval. The first pulley, the second pulley and the third pulley are respectively arranged in the slide groove of the cross rail at an interval. The first balancer and the welding pliers are connected below the first pulley, the second balancer and the cable of the welder are connected below the second pulley, and the welder is connected below the third pulley. The telescopic cylinder limit mechanism is arranged on one longitudinal rod of the frame. The welding pliers rack with balancers, which adopts the structure, can prevent operators from carrying out climbing operation when the operators adjust the balancers, reduce the labor intensity of workers and increase safety coefficients.


On receiving the invitation to address the Australian Catholic Historical Society on the history of the Order of Malta, I was both honoured and daunted. Why?


In this manuscript a systematic multidisciplinary electronic packaging design and optimization methodology based on the artificial neural networks technique is presented. This method is applied to a Ball Grid Array (BGA) package design as an example. Multidisciplinary criteria including thermal, structural (thermal strain), electromagnetic leakage, and cost are optimized simultaneously. A simplified routability criterion is also considered as a constraint. The artificial neural networks technique is used for thermal and structural performance predictions. Large calculation time reduction is achieved using the artificial neural networks, which also provide enough information to specify the individual weights for each design discipline within the objective function used for optimization. This methodology is able to provide the designers a clear view of the design trade-offs, which are represented in the objective function using various design parameters. This methodology can be applied to any electronic product design at any packaging level.Copyright © 2003 by ASME


The principal objectives of this study are to measure aboveground net primary productivity and consumption by large mammalian herbivores in Yellowstone's northern range. The significance of such information is two-fold. Firstly, it will provide a "pulse rate" of ecosystem processes in an integral region of the Yellowstone Ecosystem and a comparison of rates of energy and nutrient flows with other ecosystems worldwide. This is of particular ecological interest, since such data for areas supporting large populations of freeranging native herbivores are rare. Secondly, these data will provide a greater understanding of the effects of ungulate use on ecosystem function in Yellowstone, and thereby, an assessment of current park management of ungulate populations.


The phrase Internet of Things (IoT) heralds a vision of the future Internet where connecting physical things, from banknotes to bicycles, through a network will let them take an active part in the Internet, exchanging information about themselves and their surroundings. This will give immediate access to information about the physical world and the objects in it leading to innovative services and increase in efficiency and productivity. In general, it may be beneficial to incorporate a number of the technologies of IoT with the use of services that can act as the bridge between each technology and the applications that developers wish to implement in IoT. This chapter studies the state-of-the-art of IoT and presents the key potential applications, challenges and future research areas in the domain of IoT. This chapter presents four main categories of services according to technical features. Some major issues of future research in IoT are identified and discussed briefly. A Succinct Analysis of Applications and Services Provided by IoT


This article studies on fire extinguishment mechanism and capability of chemical fire extinguishment additives by doing many experimentations and referring to a large amount of foreign relevant datum. The studied objects are divided into two kinds: One is water-soluble salts of alkali melts, mainly studies on the fire extinguishment effect when being added to water mist used as chemical additives. And at the same time, the application of its new system is design to use non-water-soluble liquid-state chemical matters as additives. The other is high effective chemical fire extinguishment matter containing Fe、 Zn、Mn, studying on their extinguishment effect when being added to inert gases such as CO2、N2 used as chemical additives. Through experiment this article pays much attention to discussing the best ratio of chemical fire extinguishment additives and their limitation as well as the ways improving their effects; and also discuss the interactive relationship among different kinds of fire extinguishment ahents. It founds strong theoretical basis for making new, economical and high effective fire extinguishment agents.


Here, I will illustrate some links between Operations Research (O.R.), Jan Karel's home turf, and the life sciences. Indeed, now in 2011, a large number of people in CWI's Life Sciences Group are busy with developing O.R. techniques to solve problems from biology. In the following I will describe a general link between O.R. and the life sciences and explain why the same techniques can be used for problems arising in economy and in biology. I will focus on one such example, namely the protein design problem and the problem of assigning frequencies to radio links in telecommunication, which turn out to be close mathematical cousins. Finally, there are some personal remarks.


SCIENTIFIC ADVANCES are continually making new demands on old arts. This is particularly true of the field of atomic energy, where instrumentation is finding itself hard pressed to keep in step. The inexhaustible source of power is at hand, but controlling it so that it can efficiently do its work is taxing our ingenuity.


Some morphological and physiological analysis were performed to investigate the effect of topping treatment on the harvest bulbs of Lilium formolongi Raizan'.The results showed that it was the best period of topping treatment of lily plants when flower buds were seen.It not only was increased bulb size and fresh weight,but also increased significantly content of dry-weight,starch,protein and reducing sugar,the increase of protein content was helpful to enhance its heat tolerance.The activity of POD was lower,so it was advantage to bulb store.


AbstractCationic liposomes are non-viral gene transfer vectors for in vitro and in vivo experiments. In the present studies, we investigated whether a disulfide linkage in a cationic lipid was reducible by cell lysate resulting in the release of plasmid DNA and enhanced gene transfection. We also investigated if the differences in transgene production were from differences in total amount of cellular associated plasmid DNA. We systematically compared the gene transfection of disulfide bond containing-cationic lipid, 1', 2'-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3'-succinyl-2-hydroxyethyl disulfide ornithine conjugate (DOGSDSO), its non-disulfide-containing analog, 1', 2'-dioleyl-sn-glycero-3'-succinyl-1, 6-hexanediol ornithine conjugate (DOGSHDO), 1, 2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP). Two transgene reporter systems (i.e., luciferase and green fluorescent protein (GFP)) were used to address transgene transgene expression and transgene efficiency. Experiments with the luciferase expression plasmid resulted in tra...


Evidence for the effects of past sea level change can be found in the submerged landscapes within the intertidal zone of Britain. Such evidence is particularly prevalent in Wales, but understanding the rate at which these changes occurred during prehistory is limited, due to a dearth of palaeoenvironmental, archaeological and temporal data. Wide-scale sea level models cannot provide a high enough chronological resolution to understand sea level change at a human focussed level, causing difficulties when it comes to placing archaeological evidence within its contemporary environmental context.
This thesis focuses on the human experience of sea level change and the environmental changes that occur alongside to provide new archaeological, palaeoenvironmental and chronological data from two previously unstudied sites on the Gower Peninsula in South Wales: Broughton Bay and Port Eynon. Focussing on the remains of submerged forests and landscapes in the intertidal zone, this thesis aims to identify localised effects of sea level change on the landscape and the people who inhabited it during prehistory. In doing so it links palaeoenvironmental pollen data from localised environmental sequences with archaeological data from both the immediate vicinity and wider landscape, aided by new radiocarbon dates from the intertidal deposits. The archaeological evidence used includes the human and animal footprints at Port Eynon and securely dated archaeological deposits from the Mesolithic and Neolithic funerary depositions in the wider Gower area. The research also reviews the approach taken to interdisciplinary research within the intertidal zone and proposes solutions to common issues faced in investigating these environments.
By combining multiple evidence sources at a localised level, in depth narratives can be drawn about human experience of sea level change in the past, that have the potential to be applied to human experience of current and future sea level driven changes in our own landscapes.


A Research Report
Submitted to the
Faculty of Humanities of the
University of the Witwatersrand
In Partial Fulfilment for the Degree of
Masters in Anthropology


We study the anisotropic analogue of Guan-Li's volumepreserving mean curvature type flow in Euclidean space. The main result is that starting from any smooth, closed and star-shaped hypersurface, the flow exists for all positive time and converges smoothly to a limit hypersurface determined by the anisotropy (the Wulff shape). As an application, we give a new proof of a class of Alexandrov-Fenchel inequalities for anisotropic mixed volumes of smooth convex domains in Euclidean space.


According to the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goal (SDG 6), the world needs to sustainably manage water resources through integrated water resource management (IWRM). The Philippines is committed to this goal by ensuring the implementation of IWRM at all levels. Concurrently, there is growing evidence that there is presently no consolidated data on the status of implementation at the sub-national level. With water shortages on the increase, it's more important than ever to find solutions to settle disputes and trade-offs so that water can be distributed effectively, sustainably, and equally. This paper aims to investigate the degree of implementation of IWRM that presents the actual state of affairs in terms of water management at the sub-national level. This study is focused on Palawan Province, with the following sites: Puerto Princesa City, El Nido, Roxas, and Taytay. A structured survey questionnaire was drawn up in accordance with the existing questionnaire developed for this purpose. The obtained data were computed using the steps developed for calculating the indicators of IWRM implementation degree. Puerto Princesa City, El Nido, Roxas, and Taytay have the following IWRM ratings: 39.93, 32.03, 37.99, and 36.32%, respectively, which means "medium-low" in which the IWRM components have largely been institutionalized, and deployment is well underway. In these regions, a subnational water management scheme exists, but its maximum capacity is mostly unrealized due to numerous constraints. The findings show that the numerous water laws are confusing and that water data for planning purposes is lacking. Even though there are many water agencies, they are not interconnected. This study is useful for successful IWRM implementation, which should encourage sustainable water resource management for environmental sustainability. Integrated methods for water resource management help to organize sustainable growth by assessing how water is handled in agriculture, urban applications, and the surrounding ecosystems. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-02-08 Full Text: PDF


Abstract There is debate whether early treatment with GpIIb/IIIa inhibitors is of clinical benefit in primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study explored the effects of early given abciximab on coronary blood flow and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in patients with STEMI treated with primary PCI and adjunctive abciximab. We studied all consecutive patients from our catchment area with STEMI undergoing acute angiography with the intention of primary PCI during 2005. Abciximab was given as early pre-treatment before, (n = 133) or at the cath. lab. after a diagnostic angiography (n = 109). Pre-procedural TIMI 2–3 flow was observed in 45.9 % of patients in the early group versus 20.2 % in the cath. lab. group, P = 0.0001. Mortality rates were 3.8 % versus 3.7% inhospital and 8.3 % versus 7.3% at one year in the early respectively the cath. lab. group, both P = NS. The MACE rate (death, non fatal myocardial infarction, unplanned revascularization) at one year was 19.5 % (early group) and 26.6 % (cath. lab. group), P = 0.19. CONCLUSION: In this single centre registry study of unselected patients with STEMI early given abciximab was associated with a significantly higher rate of TIMI 2–3 flow compared to abciximab given after the acute angiography.


phasis is upon the total culture and cultural forms, rather than upon means and stages of production alone. Nonmaterial culture is important as well as material culture, and ideology can be a cause of changing cultural forms as well as a result. Dogmatism is there, but often it turns toward the unorthodox, and usually it is used imaginatively. The author traces the intersection between Aryan and pre-Aryan peoples in order to explain the reasons for the Aryan conquest, the contributions of Aryan and non-Aryan groups to the post-conquest culture of northern India, and the development of a more complex society of specialists. The gradual growth of trade and cities and of the use of metal are described in connection with the evolution of a peasant society based upon stable cultivation, in place of the earlier nomadic and tribal society. The author suggests that Buddhism represented a new religious form that was well-suited to the new society which was developing during pre-Mauryan and Mauryan times, because it spoke to the needs of the ordinary householders and merchants, rather than to those of religious specialists. Although his book theoretically ends with the Muslim conquest of northern India, most of it deals with the development of Indian civilization up to the time of Asoka. Professor Kosambi depicts Asoka's empire as the highpoint of ancient Indian civilization in terms of social and political organization. The change from tribal leadership to autocratic monarchy, from segmentary tribal social organization to the more broadly based and integrated hierarchy of a large state, was completed by Asoka. After the Mauryan period, Prof. Kosambi traces (rather briefly) a gradual fragmentation in political life, which resulted in a system defined loosely as feudal. With this change village culture became more prominent, while urban culture declined. Brahmanism, based upon village culture, became relatively more important, while Buddhism became less important as its economic base declined. This book is bound to create controversy, but the controversy should lead to creative thinking and better understanding on the part of students, as it has already stimulated better scholarship by those who have made use of the author's concepts and theories. The 189


Today we are facing a new world; a world in which some envisage available resources running out in a foreseeable future. It makes the optimization of the current services and products and re-inventing them inevitable. We know about the dramatic and exponential increase in IT sector energy consumption, which is roughly doubling every 5 years. This is despite the fact that barely any deep empirical research had been done due to the complexity of the issue and lack of information.This research focuses on two extreme forms of content distribution namely Peer-to-Peer and client-server and also an intermediary form, hybrid of both forms. The aim of this research is to find the most influential factors that affect energy consumption. Identifying and analyzing the numerous complex parameters affecting is hard, primarily due to the scarcity of data and figures and the difficulty in weighing the studied parameters. This research paper will therefore not attempt to present any absolute answer to questions such as "what is best?" from different perspectives. The report looks at three distinct parameters, "performance", "energy consumption" and "users' behavior aspects". The results identified solutions which could be characterized as "better" based on different factors and approaches and in different scenarios, for example work-induced and baseline energy measurements. "Baseline energy" represents the energy a working station consumes regardless of the workload being imposed on it. In other words, it is the energy the station consumes in idle state. But "work-induced" energy is the excessive energy added to baseline energy when the station is required to do extra processes or serving to other users.The goal has thus been to map a complex geography of parameters, providing for postulates regarding the most influential. This provided the basis for a concrete discussion about the reduced numbers of relevant parameters. It is noteworthy to say that any attempt to embark on weighting the various parameters was severely hindered by lack of numerical data.The overall conclusions were thus somewhat of an "It all depends on ..." quality. The paper concludes that while Peer-to-Peer systems are more efficient in end system consumption, data-centers fare better on network-wise energy consumption. Ultimately, the decision on which is preferable depends on the relative magnitude of these two components which in turn depends greatly on the "nature" of the task. Computation-intensive tasks spend most of their energy in end systems while network energy is more relevant for communication-intensive tasks.During the project, several difficulties were encountered when trying to have a dialogue with firms engaged in or relevant to content distribution. It was either because they were busy or because they were reluctant to divulge any information. As a result much data and idea gathering was based on desktop research, and interviews with researchers from academic settings. This research, providing a framework of influential parameters, should have the potential to be a baseline for further work. Hopefully it thus can contribute to the path towards sustainability and less energy consumption.


Significance Cilia are hair-like microscopic structures present abundantly in our body and producing motions at the smallest scales. They perform a wide range of critical functions and are crucial for the normal functioning of our body. Abnormal functioning of cilia results in a number of diseases jointly known as ciliopathies. Artificially mimicking cilia is aimed at understanding their normal/abnormal functionality and at developing cilia-inspired micro-/nanoengineering devices. In this study, we present a magnetic polymer preparation process yielding a material with optimum properties and a cilia fabrication method producing the smallest highly motile artificial cilia with sizes equal to their biological counterparts. This opens avenues for biological studies and for creating submicrometer manipulation and control. Among the many complex bioactuators functioning at different scales, the organelle cilium represents a fundamental actuating unit in cellular biology. Producing motions at submicrometer scales, dominated by viscous forces, cilia drive a number of crucial bioprocesses in all vertebrate and many invertebrate organisms before and after their birth. Artificially mimicking motile cilia has been a long-standing challenge while inspiring the development of new materials and methods. The use of magnetic materials has been an effective approach for realizing microscopic artificial cilia; however, the physical and magnetic properties of the magnetic material constituents and fabrication processes utilized have almost exclusively only enabled the realization of highly motile artificial cilia with dimensions orders of magnitude larger than their biological counterparts. This has hindered the development and study of model systems and devices with inherent size-dependent aspects, as well as their application at submicrometer scales. In this work, we report a magnetic elastomer preparation process coupled with a tailored molding process for the successful fabrication of artificial cilia with submicrometer dimensions showing unprecedented deflection capabilities, enabling the design of artificial cilia with high motility and at sizes equal to those of their smallest biological counterparts. The reported work crosses the barrier of nanoscale motile cilia fabrication, paving the way for maximum control and manipulation of structures and processes at micro- and nanoscales.


During mapping in the Handagai area of Xinbaerhu Left County, Inner mongolia in 2007, We discovered Early Devonian fossils in the limestone of the Duobaoshan Formation that was formerly mapped as a Middle Ordovician stratigraphic unit.These fossils include the conodonts Pseudooneotodus beckmanni, Belodella resima,Belodella devonica,?Caudicriodus sp., the tentaculites Nowakia sp., ? Homoctenus sp., Ostracoda Tricornina sp.,Praepilatina sp.,Tetrasaculus sp.,Microcheilinella sp.. These fossils suggest an Early Devonian age and the fossiliferous limestone is mapped as the Niqiuhe Formation.


Introduction Introduction Definitions for Precision Farming or Site Specific Farming Major Components of Site-Specific Farming Advantages that accrue due to Precision Farming Constraints to Adoption of Precision Farming Precision Farming: Methodology Introduction Soil Sampling for Precision Farming Sensors and Estimation of Variability within Crop Fields Variable Rate Technology (VRT): Definitions and Explanations Precision Farming, Soil Nutrient Dynamics and Crop Productivity Introduction Precision Farming influences various aspects of Nutrient Dynamics Precision Farming and Nutrient Dynamics in the Agroecosystems Precision Farming and Dynamics Soil Organic Carbon Precision Farming and Bio-fertilizers Precision Farming and its impact on Soil Properties Precision Irrigation and its impact on Nutrient Dynamics Geographic and Economic aspects of Precision Farming Geographic aspects of adoption of Precision Farming Economic aspects of Precision Farming Precision Farming: Summary and Future Course


Vascular stenotic lesions can be opened by balloon angioplasty techniques, but because of elastic recoil of the vessel wall, the vessel lumen returns to the predilation size after withdrawal of the balloon catheter. Such recoil and vascular dissection, if any, after balloon dilation can be circumvented by implantation of endovascular stents. Dotter (1), in the late 1960s, suggested this concept and implanted spiral coil-spring prostheses into the experimentally produced peripheral artery stenotic lesions. The stent concept and technology were dormant until the early 1980s, when the balloon-expandable and self-expanding stents were designed and used (2). Initially, stents were used in the treatment of peripheral arterial disease and coronary artery stenotic lesions in adults. The technique was then extended to the treatment of stenotic branch pulmonary arteries (3), postoperative venous obstructions (3,4) and other congenital and acquired stenotic lesions in children. To my knowledge, O'Laughlin et al. (5) were the first to report use of a stent for aortic coarctation, although the results in a 12-year-old child were marginal. Subsequently, others (6–10) reported use of stents for coarctation with encouraging results. In this issue of the Journal, Ebeid et al. (11) present the results of stent implantation in nine patients 14 to 63 years old. Reduction in peak to peak systolic pressure gradient across the coarctation and increase in the diameter of the coarcted segment occurred immediately after stent placement. At a median follow-up of 13 months, residual peak to peak systolic pressure gradient across the stented segment remained low. One patient required redilation of the stent. Although Ebeid et al. state that they did not detect femoral artery problems, it is probably a good idea to examine physiologic effects (12) or noninvasive (13) or invasive (12) imaging of the femoral arteries used for stent implantation to detect femoral artery compromise or blockage. Despite this limitation, I believe that this report supplements the previously reported limited experience with this technique. Ebeid et al. further demonstrate the feasibility of redilation 3 years after stent placement. Finally, they show no evidence for obstruction of the left subclavian artery and left common carotid artery, even though the stent spanned the origins of these vessels from the aortic arch. The data from Ebeid et al., together with those of others (6–10), suggest that stenting of aortic coarctation in selected patients is a feasible and effective alternative to surgical or balloon therapy. Several issues with regard to aortic stents are worthy of further discussion. Indications. The indications for stent implantation are not clearly defined at this time. On the basis of limited experience (6–11), the indications are hypoplasia of the isthmus or transverse aortic arch and tortuous coarctation with malalignment of the proximal with distal aortic segment, which are difficult to treat surgically (7). Recurrent aortic coarctation or small aneurysm after previous surgical or balloon therapy may be another indication for implantation of stents. Technical issues. The balloon-expandable Palmaz stent (Johnson & Johnson) mounted on a balloon dilation catheter usually requires a large-diameter delivery sheath for stent implantation. Indeed, Ebeid et al. (11) used 10F to 12F sheaths, whereas Bulbul et al. (8) utilized 12F to 14F sheaths. It is generally recognized that arterial compromise or disruption, or both, may result after insertion of large sheaths. Therefore, innovative use of available technology should be incorporated into our practice such that smaller sized sheaths may be utilized for stent implantation (14,15). Stents may be mounted on an 8or 10-mm Olbert balloon that can be introduced through an 8F or 9F sheath for initial deployment, which can be expanded to the required size with a larger balloon (15). More recently, the manufacturer of the Palmaz stent has designed balloons (up to 15-mm diameter) carried on smaller catheter shafts on which the stents could be mounted and delivered to the implantation site by 8F sheaths. It is important to seriously consider reducing the delivery sheath size because of femoral artery compromise (12); even in adults, 6F guide catheters produce less arterial damage than 7F and 8F catheters (16). Age at implantation. Ebeid et al. (11) and Balbul et al. (8) implanted aortic stents in older children and adults, whereas other workers (6,7,10) used stents in infants and younger children. Limiting the use to older subjects is justified (8,11) because of limited evidence for the feasibility of reexpansion of the stents at a later date. However, it may be necessary to implant aortic stents in younger children. Therefore, the feasibility of such use should be explored. The feasibility of reexpansion of the stents in animal models (17–19), pulmonary artery stents in children (20) and aortic stents in adolescent and adult subjects (8,11) is encouraging, although reported aortic dissection in two of seven redilations of aortic stents in animal models (21) is of concern. Other methods to resolve this problem should also be considered. Modification of the stent by creating an "openring" stent has made it possible to overdilate the stent in animal models (22). Clinical trials of this type of modification in young children are needed to demonstrate the usefulness of this technique. Another method by which this problem can be *Editorials published in Journal of the American College of Cardiology reflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACC or the American College of Cardiology. From the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine/Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, Saint Louis, Missouri. Address for correspondence: Dr. P. Syamasundar Rao, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1465 South Grand Boulevard, Saint Louis, Missouri 63104-1095. E-mail: email@example.com. JACC Vol. 30, No. 7 December 1997:1853–5 1853


The annual cycle is the dominant component and the most prominent climate oscillation for the temperature variation over the Tibetan Plateau (TP). Identifying the relative contribution of anthropogenic and natural forcing to the changes in the annual cycle, namely, detection and attribution, is an important aspect for mountainous climate change research. The present study documents the elevation dependence of the trend in the annual temperature cycle (ATC) amplitude over the TP and detects the influence of anthropogenic activities on it. An elevation‐dependent weakening of the ATC amplitude occurs over the TP during the period 1961–2014. This variation with altitude can mainly be ascribed to the seasonal difference in warming. The influence of anthropogenic activities is detectable, with increased aerosols being the main contributor. Under aerosol‐only forcing, the larger decrease in snow‐related albedo at higher altitudes in winter can explain the amplified negative tendency of the ATC amplitude with elevation.


Aim To investigate the effects of extract of gynura medica on lowering blood glucose and improving insulin secretion.Methods The normal mice and alloxan(70 mg·kg-1)-induced diabetic mice were administrated for 7 days in order to investigate the effects of aquatic extract of gynura medica on the levels of blood glucose,insulin and oral glucose tolerance.Then,we investigated the effects of the extract on insulin secretion in MIN6 islet cells.Results After 7 days of administration,the extract could significantly lower blood glucose,which also could ameliorate the oral tolerance in normal mice and diabetic mice and improve insulin secretion.Meanwhile,the extract could improve insulin secretion in MIN6 cells with stimulation of 16.7 mmol·L-1 glucose.Conclusion The aquatic extract of gynura medica could lower blood glucose through improving insulin secretion.


During the Carbonaceous Species Methods Comparison Study, we used the aethalometer, an instrument developed at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory that measures the concentration of aerosol black carbon [BC] in real time. Measurements were taken from August 12 to 21, 1986, with a 1-minute time base and were grouped to show 1-hour and multihour concentrations. We found concentrations generally ranging from 1 to 10 μ [BC] m−3, usually increasing in the morning hours. We also observed short-duration (2–15 minute) peaks in the black carbon concentration that could be directly attributed to the activity of vehicles in a delivery area less than 50 m from the study site. We conclude that mobile sources were the major contributor to the short- and medium-term variability of aerosol black carbon measured at this site.


The influence of the argon blowing intensity,time and temperature on the deoxidation of the amorphous master alloy melt was investigated.The results show that,under the same condition of temperature and time,compared with argon blowing intensity 8 m3/h,the argon blowing intensity 10 m3/h is benefit for the deoxidation of the melt,which can reduce the total oxygen to less than 8×10-6.At 1 320~1 355 ℃,prolonging the argon blowing time can reduce the total oxygen content.But too long time of argon blowing is not effective for the total oxygen.Enhancing melt temperature can increase the total oxygen content of the melt,and influence the cleanliness of the melt.


Abstract. We prove a McShane-type identity: a series, expressed in terms of geodesic lengths, that sums to 2π for any closed hyperbolic surface with one distinguished point. To do so, we prove a generalized Birman-Series theorem showing that the set of complete geodesics on a hyperbolic surface with large cone angles is sparse.


Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the health literacy status of people aged 65 and over in Turkey. Methods: This study is descriptive and cross-sectional. The population consisted of people aged 65 and over living in the centre of a province. 2017 data from the Turkish Statistical Institute were used for the sample size. Following the calculations, sampling was taken from 486 people. Data were collected between January and May 2018. Ethical permission was obtained prior to the study. Participants were selected according to the improbable method among those who came to primary health institutions. A survey form was used as a data collection tool. The first part of the form determined the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants. TSOY-32 was used in the second section. A score 0 indicated the lowest HL and the score 50 indicated the highest HL in the scale. Results: The average score of the study participants in the 'Turkey Health Literacy-32' test was 24.40 ± 7.70. In this study, score means were high among people with regular health checks, those who did not use unprescribed medication, those who quit smoking, who exercised regularly and who had adequate nutrition. Conclusion: Health literacy of individuals aged 65 and over was found to be inadequate.


Purpose:The aim of the study was to investigate the agreement between a new portable tonometer, Icare PRO, and the Tonopen XL and Kowa hand-held applanation tonometers (HAT). Methods:The right eyes of 127 healthy subjects were enrolled. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured in both sitting and supine positions using the Icare PRO, Tonopen XL, and Kowa HAT tonometers. The repeatability of the IOP measurements was evaluated by calculating intraclass correlation coefficients. Between-method agreements of tonometer measurements were evaluated using Bland-Altman analysis. Results:Intradevice agreement: The intraclass correlation coefficients (sitting, supine) of Icare PRO, Tonopen XL, and Kowa HAT were (0.863, 0.656), (0.845, 0.819), and (0.957, 0.956), respectively.Interdevice agreement: The Bland-Altman analysis revealed that, in the sitting position, the mean differences between Icare PRO and Tonopen XL, and between Icare PRO and Kowa HAT were −0.43 and 0.43 mm Hg, respectively (95% limits of agreement: −6.24 to 5.34 mm Hg, −4.04 to 4.90 mm Hg). In the supine position, the corresponding mean differences were −0.88 and 0.14 mm Hg (95% limits of agreement: −5.66 to 3.91 mm Hg, −4.06 to 4.33 mm Hg). IOP differences between Icare PRO and the other tonometers were unaffected by central corneal thickness. Conclusions:The repeatability of Icare PRO was slightly lower in the supine position than in the sitting position. Although Icare PRO underestimated IOP values in eyes with higher IOP when compared with Tonopen XL and Kowa HAT in both positions, we observed good interdevice agreement between Icare PRO and both Tonopen XL and Kowa HAT.


An initial soil characterization study was conducted to help identify possible remediation methods to remove plutonium from the Nevada Test Site and Tonapah Test Range surface soils. Results from soil samples collected across various isopleths at five sites indicate that the size-fraction distribution patterns of plutonium remain similar to findings from the Nevada Applied Ecology Group (NAEG) (1970`s). The plutonium remains in the upper 10--15 cm of soils, as indicated in previous studies. Distribution of fine particles ``downwind`` of ground zero at each site is suggested. Whether this pattern was established immediately after each explosion or this resulted from post-shot wind movement of deposited material is unclear. Several possible soil treatment scenarios are presented. Removal of plutonium from certain size fractions of the soils would alleviate the sites of much of the plutonium burden. However, the nature of association of plutonium with soil components will determine which remediation methods will most likely succeed.


Tumor inflammation plays a significant role in initiating and perpetuating tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis. While normal inflammatory responses aid in wound healing, fighting infections, and destroying pathogens, tumor inflammation is self-perpetuating and plays a role in facilitating the disease, in part by inducing immunosuppression. Gr1+CD11b+ myeloid cells are the most prevalent inflammatory cells found in tumors, where they directly promote tumor angiogenesis and immunosuppression. Recent studies in our laboratories have shown that the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit isoform p110 gamma, which is expressed exclusively by Gr1+CD11b myeloid cells, directly promotes myeloid cell invasion and consequently, tumor immunosuppression. Genetic and pharmacological suppression of PI3K gamma activity substantially reduces myeloid cell trafficking to orthotopic Pdx1Cre;Kras+; p53+/- and other pancreatic ductal carcinomas, reduces expression of immunosuppressive factors, and inhibits pancreatic tumor growth and metastasis. These studies indicate that PI3K gamma inhibitors may be useful therapeutics for pancreatic ductal carcinoma


Received: 07-May-2020 Revision: 30-May-2020 Accepted: 12-Jun-2020 Published: 20-Aug-2020 Cite this article as: Sanjay S, Anilkumar A, Mahendradas P, Kawali A, Priya BV, Shetty BK. Inflammatory branch retinal artery and vein occlusion with panuveitis secondary to dengue fever. Indian J Ophthalmol 2020;68:1958-60. This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non‐commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.


A doctor who prescribed oral retinoids to an acne patient is sued by the patient's family after the patient commits suicide. The doctor's career, practice, reputation and everything he holds dear are at risk simply because he tried to be a good doctor. Should he try to defend himself? Will he lose the case at trial?


Following the argument that the very act of reporting shapes the raw material of news, this investigation examines "Us" and "Them" dichotomization as it is routinely insinuated into news narratives. Specifically, this investigation analyzes 215 articles from the "hard news" and commentary sections of the International Herald Tribune (IHT), the globally circulating, hard-copy emissary of The New York Times. Us/Them dichotomization pervasively structures news narratives in IHT with the United States cast as "Us" and the rest of the world largely constructed as "Them". Whereas We are orderly, harmonious, and steeped in democratic mystique in IHT's news narratives, They are characterized by constant struggles for unity and all shades of illiberalism (e.g., Statism, corruption, mayhem). These constructions mutually reinforce each other when they appear side by side on newsprint, day after day. Particular emphases in the analysis concern coverage of China, Russia, the coup in Egypt, the "world historic" gravitas of Barack H. Obama, and the aftermath of Edward Snowden's whistle-blowing.


We present a generic approach to the implementation of a principle stating that personality traits have an actual influence over the rational decision making process of cognitive agents. The contribution of this work concerns the coverage of the domain of psychology that is treated, the genericity of the proposal with regard to the models of rational agents used and above all, the improvement of the comprehensiveness of the relationships that linking psychological phenomena with computational operators influencing the deliberation cycle of the agents.


A fast oxygen atom source has been used to study the velocity dependence of O atom infrared excitation reactions with various molecular species in a crossed beam experiment. These short wave infrared (SWIR) measurements are performed under single collision conditions, simulating the low Earth orbit environment. Such data are fundamental to the analysis and interpretation of atmospheric oxygen atom interaction with plume exhaust species and with the local environment about structures in low Earth orbit. Measurements have been performed over the oxygen atom velocity range of 6 to 12 km/s. These are the first such experimental measurements, and they may be used to validate theoretical estimates presently used in predictive models. We specifically discuss the velocity dependent cross sections for the reaction O + N2 → NO(v) + N. This reaction is endothermic for O atom velocities ≤ 8 km/s. Preliminary data are also shown for the reaction O + CO2 → CO2(ν3) + O → CO(v) + O2. Both band integral and spectrally resolved results will be presented. The spectrally resolved data provide information on the rotation/vibrational distribution of the excited states. Limited observations of infrared emissions resulting from atmospheric interactions have become available in recent years from both shuttle- and rocket-borne experiments. Comparisons between our experimental database and selected data from several different flight experiments are provided. These comparisons clearly identify the kinetic mechanisms responsible for the flight observations.


The 237 Np(n, γ) 238 Np cross section has been measured in the neutron energy range from 20 meV to 500 keV using the DANCE array at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. This new facility allows experiments with submilligram samples and is therefore well suited to investigate isotopes with half-lives as low as a few hundred days. In this benchmark measurement, only 0.42 mg of 237 Np was sufficient to determine differential cross sections relative to the well-known resonance at 0.5 eV. The thermal cross section was measured to σ 2200m/s = 177 ± 5 barn, σ kT=25.3 meV = 167 ± 4 barn and the resonance integral to RI = 693 ± 6 barn.


Ly‐6G is a member of the Ly‐6 family of GPI‐linked proteins, which is expressed on murine neutrophils. Antibodies against Ly‐6G cause neutropenia, and fatal reactions also develop if mice are primed with TNF‐α prior to antibody treatment. We have investigated the mechanisms behind these responses to Ly‐6G ligation in the belief that similar mechanisms may be involved in neutropenia and respiratory disorders associated with alloantibody ligation of the related Ly‐6 family member, NB1, in humans. Neutrophil adhesion, microvascular obstruction, breathing difficulties, and death initiated by anti‐Ly‐6G antibodies in TNF‐α‐primed mice were shown to be highly complement‐dependent, partly mediated by CD11b, CD18, and FcγR and associated with clustering of Ly‐6G. Neutrophil depletion, on the other hand, was only partly complement‐dependent and was not altered by blockade of CD11b, CD18, or FcγR. Unlike other neutrophil‐activating agents, Ly‐6G ligation did not induce neutropenia via sequestration in the lungs. Cross‐linking Ly‐6G mimicked the responses seen with whole antibody in vivo and also activated murine neutrophils in vitro. Although this suggests that the responses are, in part, mediated by nonspecific properties of antibody ligation, neutrophil depletion requires an additional mechanism possibly specific to the natural function of Ly‐6G.


In order to s t udy how the vibratio nal freq uenci es of methane vary with halogen substit utions, the infrared spectra of the following halog~n-substituted methanes . have been st udied with a prism spectrometer between 2 and 38 mICrons: Carbon tetraflu onde, chlorot rifiuoromethan e dichlorodifiuoromethane trichlorofiuoromethane, car bo n tet rachloride, trichlorobromom~thane, dichlorodibromol~ethane , fiuoroform, di~uoroch lo romethane, dichlorofluoromethane chloroform dichlorobromomethane, chlorodlbromomethalle , bromoform , iodoform, meth ylene fluoride, methylene. chloride, and m~th~ lene iodide. Spectra are presented as obtained at room temperature ll1 t he vapor and lIquid states, an d l.n a few cases in solut ion. The bands are interpreted as fundam entals, overtones, combmatlOn, and differe nce bands. Tables and graphs display t he regularities existing among t he various fundam entals of these molecules and other halogen-subst ituted methanes. Force-constant calculat ions, using an approximate potential function with ge neral constants transferred from one molecule to another a re reported.


Randshuff (Random Shuffle Oversampling Techniques for Qualitative Data) is one of an oversampling algorithm which appropriate for nominal attributes. Randshuff uses IVDM (Interpolated Value Difference Metric) distance calculation and crossover with random shuffle technique. Although Randshuff can overcome the problems on minority data, but the problems on majority data are ignored. The problem arises where majority data contain distribution complexity problems such as small disjuncts, overlap and noise. There are two kinds of undersampling concepts: informed undersampling and simple random undersampling. Tomeks links, Edited Nearest neighbors (ENN) and Near Miss are informed undersampling state of the art methods. Meanwhile, Random Undersampling (RUS) is simple random undersampling method. So, evaluations of both undersampling concepts on Randshuff are needed to be conducted. The experiments were evaluated on five public datasets. The results show that RUS as simple random undersampling and Near Miss as informed under sampling improve recall, f-measure and g-mean performance on Randshuff algorithm.