Time-domain non-adiabatic ab initio simulations are performed to study the phonon-assisted hot electron relaxation dynamics in CdSe QD, EQD and LQD, which are of the same diameter but an increasing length along c axis. Our work shows that both the length and system temperature have a strong impact on the electronic properties and electron relaxation dynamics of the CdSe QRs. Higher frequency phonons are excited and scattered with electrons at higher temperatures. The band gap shows a negative dependence on the temperature. The band gap decreases and the electron and hole density of states increase with increasing the length. However, not all the properties studied here vary with the length in a straight way. The band gap shows a stronger negative temperature dependence for the EQD than the QD and LQD. The electron-phonon couples stronger in the EQD than the QD and LQD. The hot electron relaxation proceeds faster in the EQD than the QD and LQD. Furthermore, the hot electron decay rate varies linearly with the average electron density of states and this linear relationship can be well described by the Fermi's golden rule and of practical use in predicting the hot electron decay rate with the knowledge of the average NA coupling and electron density of states.Copyright © 2012 by ASME


The delivery of high quality services is one of the most important and most difficult tasks that any service organization faces due to its unique characteristics such as intangibility, Perishability, variability, inseparability and its labour intense nature. In most cases, service quality is judged by customers and as such it is the customers' perception of how well a service meets or exceeds their expectations that define service quality. Service quality leads to customer loyalty and higher profitability when other factors have been considered. It is against the back ground that the study was undertaken to assess quality service delivery in the hotel industry. The research therefore used SERVQUAL Model to assess service quality in the hotel industry using customers of the hotel as respondents. Primary data for the research was collected using a modified pretested questionnaire developed around the SERVQUAL model. Respondents assessed service quality on a Non-comparative Scaling Techniques (ranging from Extremely Good, Very Good, Good, Bad, Very Bad, and Extremely Bad) based on tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy. The findings from the study depict various concerns from customers as to their expectation and experiences. However, customers overall assessment of the service quality of the hotel depicted that, 30% rate service quality as excellent, 36% as very good, 27% as good while 7% rated their service as average. This is an indication that service quality was acceptable by customers who patron.


A 56-year old man presented with retrosternal discomfort and blood-stained sputum for 3 days. He had a history of fish bone ingestion five days before. Reformatted computed tomography (CT) images showed an oesophageal foreign body partially penetrating into the left main bronchus (Fig. 1A and B). The impacted foreign body was successfully removed via emergency endoscopy without any problem (Fig. 2A and B).


Summary

Between 1970 and 1980 the population size of the migratory zebra in the Serengeti remained constant. During the same period the population of wildebeest, also a large migratory ungulate, increased in a manner compatible with existing ecological theories. Sinclair & Norton-Griffiths (1982) have produced evidence to suggest that predation pressure was the factor that prevented the zebra population from increasing. This paper presents further evidence, based on population structure, which shows that the size of zebra population should have increased.

RESUMEE

Entre 1970 et 1980, la population de zebres migrateurs du Serengeti est demeuree constante. Pendant le měme periode, la population de gnous, autre grand ongule migrateur, a augmente d'une maniere compatible avec les theories ecologiques existantes. Sinclair et Norton-Griffiths (1982) ont presente des elements suggerant que la pression des predateurs etait le facteur qui empeche la population de zebres de s'accroitre. J'apporte la preuve, basee sur la structure de la population, qui montre que le population de zebres aurait augmente.


For the university, practical teaching aims to cultivate students' individuality and creativity, and characteristics are its driving force. However, the prevailing management system is control-oriented, thus students and teachers enjoy less freedom and their creativity is suppressed. This paper proposes an alternative service-oriented approach to reconstructing the practical teaching management mechanism, so that:(1) more open school culture could be forged;(2) both the regulators and the regulated could be treated equally; and(3) an optimum atmosphere could be created to facilitate teachers' autonomous teaching and students' s autonomous learning.


While various HPC tools use Tree-Based Overlay Networks (TBONs) to increase their scalability, some use cases do not map well to a tree-based hierarchy. We provide the concept of intralayer communication to improve this situation, where nodes in a specific hierarchy layer may exchange messages directly with each other. This concept targets data preprocessing that allows tool developers to avoid load imbalances in higher hierarchy levels. We implement intralayer communication within the Generic Tools Infrastructure (GTI) that provides TBON services, as well as a high-level abstraction to ease the creation of scalable runtime tools. An extension of GTI's abstractions allows simple and efficient use of intralayer communication. We demonstrate this capability with a runtime message matching tool for MPI's point-to-point communication, which we evaluate in an application study with up to 16,384 processes. Low overheads for two benchmark suites show the applicability of our approach, while a stress test demonstrates close to constant overheads across scales. The stress test measurements demonstrate that intralayer communication reduces application slowdown by two orders of magnitude at 2,048 processes, compared to a previous TBON-based implementation.


---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION The correction of Class II malocclusion is one of the most common problems in the field of Orthodontics. 1 It exists in


Centralized training with decentralized execution (CTDE) is a widely-used learning paradigm that has achieved significant success in complex tasks. However, partial observability issues and the absence of effectively shared signals between agents often limit its effectiveness in fostering cooperation. While communication can address this challenge, it simultaneously reduces the algorithm's practicality. Drawing inspiration from human team cooperative learning, we propose a novel paradigm that facilitates a gradual shift from explicit communication to tacit cooperation. In the initial training stage, we promote cooperation by sharing relevant information among agents and concurrently reconstructing this information using each agent's local trajectory. We then combine the explicitly communicated information with the reconstructed information to obtain mixed information. Throughout the training process, we progressively reduce the proportion of explicitly communicated information, facilitating a seamless transition to fully decentralized execution without communication. Experimental results in various scenarios demonstrate that the performance of our method without communication can approaches or even surpasses that of QMIX and communication-based methods.


In the Medical Research Council's lVth trial in Myelomatosis the possible benefit of adding vincristine to first line treatment with intermittent melphalan and prednisone has been assessed. This was analysed in 530 patients who were randomly allocated to receive vincristine or not. Survival was not improved by the addition of vincristine. A total of 268 patients reached plateau phase on first line therapy. Of these 226 patients were rerandomised either to continue receiving first line therapy for a further year or to cease therapy. At the present time there is a slight but not significant survival advantage in the group which received no further treatment on reaching plateau.


This paper makes a research on the usage and connotation of the character xing "行" in I Ching and Yi zhuan,and finds out that it had mainly the kernel meanings of "way" and "walking",with the extending meanings of "behavior","action" as well as"practice"and so on in the explanations of hexagrams and lines of I Ching,while in Yi zhuan it was further extended to more than the abstract meanings of De xing(virtuous behavior),Yun xing(motion) and Liu xing(rotation),and it apperared with Tian xing(heavenly motion),Zhi xing(ideals and conduct),Shang xing(upwards influence),got to the abstract thought of the Way of Heaven and the relationship between Yin and Yang,thereby,stepped more closely into the metaphysics.The above shows that the Yi zhuan inherited the thought of I Ching and thereon developed it.Only by the comparison and research of their inherent relationship,can we learn really the evolutionary line from I Ching to the Yi zhuan.


We prove a conjecture on uniqueness and existence of the irregular vertex
operators of rank $r$ introduced in our previous paper. We also introduce
ramified irregular vertex operators of the Virasoro algebra. As applications,
we give conjectural formulas for series expansions of Painlev\'e III and II tau
functions in terms of our ramified irregular conformal blocks.


This paper is an eclectic compilation of designs, ideas, observations, and lessons learned over the twenty-six year career of an optical design engineer. And, un-be-knownst to Warren Smith, he has played a significant and influential roll in this career, as I am certain he has in many others. More often than not, when one thinks of influential people in their careers, names will surface for which there are tight bonds, friendship, or a long history of contact etc. But how often do we name those whom we have never met, or at best, know casually through contact at professional conferences? I believe that Warren Smith holds the unique position of having influenced the careers of thousands of people, while simultaneously having knowledge of a very small fraction of them. I am confident that Warren is unaware of most of the lives he has touched and changed for the better. How many times have YOU reached for your copy of 'Modern Optical Engineering', or gone running through the halls, searching for someone else's copy that you can quickly borrow? By the way, I have one observation/question that I keep asking myself. Warren Smith initially wrote Modern Optical Engineering like, back in the 1920's or something. My question is 'How can it still be considered MODERN optical engineering?' Shouldn't it be 'Sunset' optical engineering, or 'Relatively Old' optical engineering or something? Also, it seems that all Warren basically did, is publish to existing stuff. Just about everything in his book was already known in the field of optics. All he did was to compile existing information, arrange it in a coherent form, add some words and pictures, and publish. Well HECK! I figured that I could do THAT! So I Xeroxed the pages of MOE and brought them to the SPIE publisher and said that I had a book on optical engineering that I'd like to publish. They seemed very interested. When I showed them the pages of my 'first draft', they quickly showed me the way out. I still don't get it. How come Warren gets away with it but I don't?


5 Bedrooms Bedrooms 1 Room Rooms With 4 Bathrooms Bathrooms Single Family/detached For Sale Dominion Oaks In 1441 Dominion Oaks Drive, China Spring, Texas 76633


The relativistic jets in the magnetosphere of accretion-induced collapsing white dwarfs are considered. These jets will form in the polar caps of the magnetosphere, when a stellar magnetic field increases during collapse and the charged particles will accelerate. These jets will generate the non-thermal radiation. The analysis of particle dynamics and its emission in the stellar magnetosphere under collapse show that accretion-induced collapsing white dwarfs can by powerful sources of jets and non-thermal radiation.


Asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (ATH) is an important catalytic process in the fragrance and pharmaceutical industries. The Noyori–Ikariya chiral molecular ruthenium complex has been the catalyst...


This paper studied the relationship between money supply and stock prices again.First,the actual money supply is decomposed into the expected component and unexpected component by using the two-stage least squares method.Then,the bivariate vector autoregressive(VAR) model is estimated and the Granger-causality test and forecast error variance decomposition are conducted in the context of the VAR model.


The authors replicated and extended J. Barling, E. Kelloway, and E. Bremermann's (1991) model of family socialization of union attitudes on the basis of data from 87 students and their parents. Students'union attitudes were predicted by students' Marxist work beliefs and their perceptions of parental union attitudes. Students' perceptions of parental union attitudes and participation were predicted from parents' self-reported attitudes and participation. Students' Marxist work beliefs were not related to parents' work beliefs


An optimization approach of stiffeners layout design was proposed based on the topology optimization method to reduce sound radiation power generated by a vibrating structure.The variable mass density technique was employed in the topology optimization problem.Artificial densities of the stiffener elements were taken as the design variables,and the constraint condition was the upper limit of the total mass of the stiffeners.The optimization problem was solved using the hybrid MMA-GCMMA algorithm originating from the method of moving asymptotes(MMA) family.The vibrating response and the sound radiation of the structure were solved with FEM and BEM,respectively.The sensitivity analysis of the coupled acoustic-structural system was conducted analytically based on the FEM/BEM results.Examples of stiffened boxes were presented and discussed.Numerical results showed that the proposed optimization approach is effective and feasible.


With robots predicted to take almost a third of UK jobs by 2030, Katie Russell asks whether employment law will be able to keep up


To make effective use of video coding bit-steam and support sufficiently high subjective QoE(Quality of Experience), we propose a ROIs (Regions of Interest) detection model based on current achievements of psychology and visual attention. Combined with saliency calculation and eye-movement tracking analysis, the modeling can obtain the ROIs of different viewing duration. According to the ROIs, method of rate adaptation in video is proposed. Through some experiments, we show that our method can improve subjective QoE and bring significant improvement in ROI areas.


A low power multiple-gate mixer applied in 3.6 GHz WiMAX application is presented in this paper. The circuit was designed with TSMC 0.18 µm CMOS process by introducing cross coupled RF PMOS and multiple-gate to improve linearity and conversion gain. The source degeneration inductor is replaced by the resistance to reduce the chip size. The proposed folded mixer has a conversion gain of 7.1 dB with LO power at −5 dBm. The IIP3 is 1.6 dBm, and noise figure is 11.9 dB. The total power consumption with output buffer is only 4.6 mW under a 1 V supply voltage.


The community service activity through the counseling of Financial Technology knowledge in Pamegarsari village aims to resolve the problem of partners from the Pamegarsari Village Government, namely the large number of people affected by cases of fake transactions and online loans and online shopping fraud. To overcome these problems, we as a lecturer in the Accounting Study Program at the University of Pamulang carry out Community Service using counseling methods about the importance of Financial Technology knowledge in managing family finances. From the overall implementation of PKM can provide an understanding of Financial Technology through this counseling showed excellent results including; first the participants consisting of housewives in Pamegarsari Village welcomed positively and enthusiastically in the implementation of this PKM activity; Secondly, the increased understanding and knowledge of participants about the importance of financial technology in managing family finances is indicated by their questions and responses when conducting discussions with speakers at the time the activity took place. And third; the high expectation of participants so that the intensity of counseling or similar activities is often carried out in pamegarsari village. JPM Vol. 2 No. 1 (2019) JURNAL CEMERLANG: Pengabdian pada Masyarakat P-ISSN 2654-4741 / E-ISSN 2655-7894 Vol. 2, No. 1, Desember 2019, 47 – 56 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31540/jpm.v2i1.626 PENERBIT: LP4MK STKIP PGRI LUBUKLINGGAU https://ojs.stkippgri-lubuklinggau.ac.id/index.php/JPM 48 CORRESPONDENCE Khoirunnisa Azzahra @firstname.lastname@example.com


This study aims at presenting a hybrid Flexible Manufacturing System "HFMS" short-term scheduling problem. Based on the art state of general scheduling algorithms, we present the meta- heuristic, we have decided to apply for a given example of HFMS. That was the study of Simulated Annealing Algorithm SA. The HFMS model based on hierarchical Petri nets, was used to represent static and dynamic behavior of the HFMS and design scheduling solutions. Hierarchical Petri nets model was regarded as being made up a set of single timed colored Petri nets models. Each single model represents one process which was composed of many operations and tasks. The complex scheduling problem was decomposed in simple sub-problems. Scheduling algorithm was applied on each sub model in order to resolve conflicts on shared production resources. Key word: Scheduling, meta-heuristics, modeling, hybrid petri nets, continuous petri nets, simulated annealing SA, hybrid flexible manufacturing systems "H.F.M.S"


For the system with two degrees of freedom, which is an analogue of the 4th Appelrot class for a gyrostat of the Kowalevski type in a double force field the problem of the classification of bifurcation diagrams is solved. The separating set is built and its completeness is proved. All transformations taking place in the diagrams are shown. The results serve as a necessary part of solving the problem of obtaining the topological invariants for the Reyman - Semenov-Tian-Shansky system.


OBJECTIVE To investigate correlation between dosage and curative effect of gamma globulin in Kawasaki Disease(KD),and provide reference for clinical treatment of KD. METHODS 104 cases of children patients with KD were selected and randomized into A,B and C groups,all patients taken treatment with gamma globulin,child patients in A groups taken gamma globulin with 2 g/kg in one time,child patients in B groups taken gamma globulin with 2 g/kg in two time,child patients in C groups taken gamma globulin with 0.5 g/kg in one time and was administed four days,time of clinical symptomatic relief,incidence rate of coronary artery complication and relapse,indicatrix of blood detecting were contrasted along A,B and C groups. RESULTS Time of clinical symptomatic relief was shorter in A and B groups than in C groups(P0.05),incidence rate of coronary artery complication and relapse was lower in A and B groups than in C groups(P0.05),time of clinical symptomatic relief,incidence rate of coronary artery complication and relapse was identical between A and B groups(P0.05),before treatment,level of WBC,PLT,ESR and CRP was identical along A,B and C groups(P0.05),at one week after treatment,level of WBC,PLT,ESR and CRP was lower in A and B groups than in C groups(P0.05),level of WBC,PLT,ESR and CRP was identical between A and B groups(P0.05). CONCLUSION Gamma globulin with sufficient dose in once could obtain good clinical effect,increasing dose and lengthening course of treatment was not helpful for improving curative effect.


Means for coupling light rays (1 ', 2') in an optical fiber (3), each consisting of a parallel light beam, but differ in their respective wavelength and in different places and at different angles to a common, planar entrance surface of a prism (5 ) impinge the individual points and angle selected such and the respective wavelength assigned to that the light beams (1 ', 2') of the prism (5) to exit at the same location and in the same direction so that they at the exit face of the prism (5) form a single light beam (6) with the different wavelengths, which is focused with an optical element (7) in the optical fiber (3).


In this paper, I review the US, UK and international literature on the responsiveness of housing supply to demand. This is a well-developed area of the literature, but I put forward two new arguments: that developers face downward sloping demand curves in the housing market, and that housing developers as firms are sufficiently heterogenous that their output decisions cannot be generalised. I draw on the international literature but use the recent UK experience as a lens, arguing that the post Barker review planning policy and housing supply reforms did not yield as much additional housing supply as had been hoped and expected by policy markets and the housing development industry itself. After introducing two specific propositions, I present new statistical estimates that are at least highly suggestive that firm-specific factors are of importance in understanding supply responsiveness.


The best-studied members of the Bacillus cereus group, B. anthracis, B. thuringiensis, and B. cereus sensu stricto, are pathogens with common and unique features that facilitate their ability to cause disease. As the etiological agent of anthrax, B. anthracis is the most renowned member of the B. cereus group. Inhalation or ingestion of B. anthracis spores can result in a lethal hemorrhagic septicemia. Anthrax toxin represents an interesting variation on the classic A-B toxin model: one binding/translocating B component, protective antigen (PA), and two enzymatic A components, edema factor (EF) and lethal factor (LF). Opportunistic infections caused by B. thuringiensis and B. cereus sensu stricto are relatively uncommon, but they can have serious consequences whether local or systemic. The chromosomes of B. anthracis, B. thuringiensis, and B. cereus sensu stricto reveal striking sequence similarity and gene synteny, but virulence-associated plasmid content can allow facile discrimination of the three species. A large number of virulence factors have been established for the pathogenic B. cereus group species. Anthrax toxin is the best-studied and arguably the most important virulence factor produced by B. anthracis. The entomopathogenesis of B. thuringiensis is dependent upon the production of characteristic insecticidal parasporal crystals called cryotoxins (Cry) and cytolysins (Cyt). B. anthracis, B. thuringiensis, and B. cereus senso stricto secrete pore-forming toxins of the cholesterol-dependent cytolysin (CDC) family.


A. We study how well a real number can be approximated by sums of two or more rational numbers with denominators up to a certain size. Dirichlet's theorem on diophantine approximation tells us that we can approximate any real number by rational numbers quite well, namely: Theorem 1. For any real θ and any positive integer N, there exist integers a and q, with 1 ≤ q ≤ N, such that θ − a q < 1 qN. Moreover, the bound 1/(qN) is best possible, apart from the constant factor. To see this, it suffices to consider the golden ratio θ = (√ 5−1)/2 (see [3, §11.8]). During his work in [1], the first author accidentally stumbled across the following analogous question: Question 1. For any real θ and any positive integer N, give an upper bound for min a 1 ,a 2 ,q 1 ,q 2 ∈Z 1≤q 1 ,q 2 ≤N a 1 q 1 + a 2 q 2 − θ. With the golden ratio in mind, we know that the upper bound can be no better than O 1/(q 1 q 2 N 2). So, what is the best possible upper bound? More generally, Question 2. Let k be a positive integer. For any real θ and any positive integer N, give an upper bound for min a a 1 q 1 + · · · + a k q k − θ. To these, we have the following result:


The incidence of teeth lost antemortem was investigated in 244 archeologically derived dried skeletal specimens from the Ipiutak and Tigara burials at Point Hope, Alaska, and 83 Koniag Eskimo specimens excavated at Jones Point, Uyak Bay, Kodiak Island, Alaska. Ipiutak skeletal remains date from approximately 1500 years B.P. and the Tigara remains from 300–400 years B.P. The Kodiak Island sample is undated. Specimens were sexed and aged in five-year groupings using standard techniques. Teeth lost antermortem were identified as having occupied tooth sockets which showed healing of alveolar bone following exfoliation. Numbers of lost teeth were calculated as percentages of total number of tooth sites of each tooth classification for each age, sex, and site subgrouping.

Tooth loss was very low in the Kodiak Island sample, with little difference between sexes and no identifiable age trends. The Tigara ramains displayed moderate tooth loss, with strong correlations to increasing age and little differentiation between the sexes. The Ipiutak specimens lost the most teeth antemortem, with notable between-sex differences and strong correlations with increasing age. In all groups loss of anterior teeth was probably due to accident or heavy wear, while loss of posterior teeth was due to heavy wear, periodontal disease, or agenesis.


Political cartoon by Harold Maples created in 1981 for the Fort Worth Star-Telegram. Cartoon depicts Jim Wright and "Tip" walking away from a poker table where Ronald Regan has won all their money and clothes. Artwork is signed "Best Wishes and better luck next time to Jim Wright from Harold Maples, the Star-Telegram."


The paper is devoted to determination of the impedance matrix elements for the T-junction microstrip structure. The analytical and numerical-analytical approaches for investigation of the full-wave radiation in such discontinuity are combined. The components of electrical field are determined from the respective Pocklingtonpsilas equation. Application of the Galerkinpsilas procedure allows to receive the respective matrix equation. The elements of received matrix are calculated by the combination of the analytical and numerical integration; the network parameters of structure are calculated by these elements.


Objective To observe the effects and mechanism of tumor necrosis factof α (TNF α) gene therapy for drug resistant cancer cells.Methods Using recombinant retrovirus vector,TNF α gene was transfected into multidrug resistant human breast cancer cell line MCF7/ADR to obtain the TNF α secreting cell clones MCF7/adr TNF1 and MCF7/ADR TNF2.The growth of wild type and gene transfected cancer cells was observed and compared in vitro.The cell cycle distrioution was assayed by FCM.The change of telomerase activity was detected by using telomerase repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) combined with PAGE silver staining.Results The level of TNF α secreted by MCF7/ADR TNF1 and MCF7/ADR TNF2 was 1?737?μg/L (10 6 cells/48?h) and 2?875?μg/L respectively.Cancer cells showed lower growth rate after transfection,and the inhibition of growth rate were 32.4% and 54.8% in MCF7/ADR TNF1 and MCF7/ADR TNF2 in comparison with the control,respectively.At the same time,the cell cycle was arrested at S and G 2/M phase,and the telomerase activity inhibited.Conclusion Exogenous TNF α gene can effectively inhibit the proliferation of durg resistant caneer cells.Arresting cell cycle and inhibiting telomerase activity may be the major mechanism.


We have reported previously that the alleles of the ovine leukocyte antigen (OLA)‐DRB1 gene that encode the Arg‐Lys (RK) motif and the Ser‐Arg (SR) motif at positions β70/71 of the OLA‐DRβ1 domain are associated with resistance and susceptibility, respectively, to development of bovine leukemia virus (BLV)‐induced ovine lymphoma. Here, to investigate the different immune response in sheep that carried alleles associated with resistance and susceptible for 30 weeks after infection with BLV, we selected sheep that had the RK/RK or SR/SR genotype among the 52 sheep analyzed by polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism and DNA sequencing of PCR product for the OLA‐DRB1 exon 2 and infected them with BLV. Although the number of BLV‐infected cells and virus titer had been maintaining low levels throughout the experimental period, the sheep with the RK/RK genotype could induce expansion of CD5− B‐cells and rapid production of neutralizing antibody in the early phase of infection. The level of incorporation of [3H]thymidine by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from the sheep with RK/RK genotype gave a strong response to BLV virion antigen and synthetic antigenic peptides that corresponded to T‐helper epitope of the BLV envelope glycoprotein gp51. In contrast, the sheep with SR/SR genotype showed a strong response to BLV virion antigen and synthetic antigenic peptides that corresponded to T‐cytotoxic and B‐cell epitopes. In such cases, the animals with the RK/RK strongly expressed IFN‐7, the animals with SR/SR genotype strongly expressed IL‐2. To determine the proliferating cells, we tried a blocking assay with monoclonal antibodies such as anti‐CD4, ‐CD8 and ‐DR molecule. We found that these proliferating cells were MHC‐restricted CD4+ T‐cells.


Chrysocharis laricinellae (Ratz) is a European parasite of the larch casebearer, Coleophora laricella (Hbn.), and was one of several species introduced into eastern North America in the 1930's for biological control. Following their release, C. laricinellae and the braconid Agathis pumila (Ratz.) became established and reduced casebearer poulations drastically (Graham 1949). Both parasites are now being used for biological control of the casebearer in western North America. A. pumila was first released in northern Idaho in 1960 (Denton 1979). C. laricinellae was not intentionally released until 1972 (Ryan and Denton 1973), although it probably became established in certain areas earlier (Ryan et al. 1974). The purpose of this paper is an historical documentation of the early distribution and relative abundance of C. laricinellae, made possible largely because of an extensive, one-time survey in 1977 by entomologists of the USDA Forest Service, Northern Region (Flavell 1979).


Myocardial Infarction (MI) occurs when the blood flow to the heart is blocked. It is major threat to human kind. Current laboratory and ELISA tests are expensive, time consuming, and are not very sensitive. Biosensors can play an important role in the diagnosis of MI without relying on hospital visits. Therefore, researchers are focusing to develop rapid, hand-held, inexpensive biosensors for detecting cardiac markers. In the present study, one of the cardiac markers (Troponin T) is detected using microfluidic based biosensor. Troponin T (cTnT) releases in to the blood serum within 4–6 h after minor heart attack and remains elevated for up to 2 weeks, which will help in diagnosing the heart condition. In this work, a microfluidic channel with an array of gold strips is considered for detecting and quantifying the Troponin T in an aqueous solution. Troponin T primary (capture) antibody is immobilized on gold strip using self assembled monolayer (SAM) consisting of a homogeneous mixture of oligo (ethylene glycol) (OEG)-terminated alkanethiolate and mercaptohexadecanoic acid (MHDA). Then, an aqueous solution containing Troponin T antigen is injected into the microchannel to facilitate antibody-antigen reaction to take place in less time. Later, FITC tagged Troponin T secondary (detection) antibody is dispensed in to the channel for quantification of Troponin T antigen. Using confocal fluorescent reader, the variation of fluorescent intensity across the microchannel is measured and quantified the concentration of Troponin T antigen with calibrated samples. Contact angle measurement system, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Ellipsometer are used to characterize the surface properties at each stage of biomolecule immobilization.Copyright © 2013 by ASME


This paper presents a stochastic based approach to prevent rollover and jackknifing risk of articulated heavy vehicle. First, a specific 6-DOF articulated vehicle model is developed and risk criteria are used. The inputs and parameters of the vehicle are modeled by random variables or stochastic processes in order to take into account uncertainties. A sensitivity analysis by Sobol indices is presented to exhibit influent parameters towards risk and to reduce the number of random variables involved in the stochastic model. Then structural reliability methods are employed to assess the probability of risk using well known FORM/SORM methods and are compared to Monte-Carlo simulation.


Pd(Ⅱ) ink was synthesized by the hydrolysis of PdCl2 and NH4Cl, followed by treatment with a small amount of oxidant and stabilizing agent. The ink was stored in a refrigerator at 4℃. UV/vis measurements on dilute inks was measured at an interval of a week. TW-PI025 having very similar properties to KAPTON was used as PI film. For Ink jet printing, the surface of the PI film was treated with KOH solution. The best condition for printing was selected through measurements at various concentrations and treatment times. After printing with Pd ink following surface treatment, surface-bond palladium(Ⅱ) was reduced to metallic palladium by being immersed into NaBH₄ solution. The surface of Pd was plated with electroless copper plating solution at room temperature, resulting in appearance of copper lines. The morphology changes of the PI film before and after the surface treatment were investigated by FT-IR ATR and video microscope.


Summary form only given, as follows.In 1993, Pacific Bell announced the implementation of a broadband ATM network in California to serve both the commercial customers and to meet research and education needs. This talk will discuss Pacific Bell?s service plans and a program on the data services to encourage innovation in education, medical care and technology development.


Recent results, based on the analysis of the ultraviolet coronal emission during the years of minimum solar activity 1996 and 1997, have allowed the identification of the sources of the slow solar wind. The data are obtained with the Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer (UVCS) on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). The results have been derived by adopting a new diagnostic method based on the spectroscopic analysis of the O VI 1032, 1038 A lines, that we have developed in order to infer the relevant parameters of the coronal plasma. This diagnostics fully accounts for the expansion factor of the magnetic field lines in the regions where the solar corona expands. The coronal layer studied is in the range from 1.5 and 3.5 solar radii. The physical conditions of the plasma flowing along the open field lines with origin in the core and at the edges of coronal holes are compared with the plasma in the closed magnetic field line regions characterizing streamers and close to the heliospheric current sheet. There is evidence for two regions where the slow coronal wind is observed: the edges of the large polar coronal holes characterizing solar minimum and the region along the streamer axis at heights above 2.7 solar radii, where the heliospheric current sheet forms. This conclusion and the fact that the fast wind is originating in the core of coronal holes, as shown in previous papers, suggest that the plasma conditions, in particular the outflow velocity and the preferential heating across the magnetic field, are related to the magnetic topology, namely, to the expansion factor of the flux tubes that changes from the edge to the core of coronal holes. The present results also indicate that also the degree of energy dissipation in the open field region might be related to and regulated by the local magnetic topology.


While attitudes about love and marriage of youth in most Western countries have been studied, the Senegalese youths' attitudes represent the specific interests of a society in which traditional social and religious values of adolescents in school are challenged as they are exposed to new values and attitudes. Despite a growing preference for romantic love and a desire for greater self-assertion in selection of a mate, the youths' attitudes toward love and marriage remain generally conservative.


Objective To establish a method for differentiating sildenafil citrate in shenrongbian pills.Methods HPLC method was used with a DiamonsilTM C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)column,the mobile phase was phosphoric acid triethylamine-methyl alcohol-water(58∶ 25∶ 17),the detective wavelength was 290 nm with the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.Results The outside prescription chemical medicine sildenafil citrate was added in the shenrongbian pills.Conclusion The method is accurate with high specificity,and it can be used to differentiate the sildenafil citrate in shenrongbian pills.


The effects of titanium potassium whiskers in composite friction material of brakes on braking noise reduction were studied by improving the material formula under the condition that the wear-resistance ability of the composite friction material was guaranteed.Changing brake temperature from 100°C~350 °C,it was found that with the increase of titanium potassium whiskers ingredient in the material,the sound pressure level of the noise decreases,and the noise fluctuation occurs mainly in low temperature range and high temperature range.Through the analysis of the SEM morphology,it was found that the friction morphology characteristics and noise generation and changes are in consistency,and the samples with more morphology defects have higher sound pressure levels of noise.


The Software Defined Networks paradigm aided by the Network Virtualization is a key driver to cope the Internet ossification. There are different proposals to deploy this paradigm, but there is not an integrated or standardized way for the management of networks built with such proposals. In this sense, the network management becomes too complex because multiple solutions must be used by Network Administrators to perform their tasks. In this paper, we introduce a mashup-based approach that allows Network Administrators to customize and combine management solutions, in order to they build composite applications (called SDN Mashups) aiming the integrated management of Virtual Software Defined Networks in heterogeneous environments. We evaluate our approach by building a SDN Mashup for the management of a network slice that uses three distinct Network Operating Systems and by running performance tests, corroborating that the mashup built has small response time.


Suitably substituted arenediazonium salts undergo photolysis in a polymer film at 77 K to yield e.s.r. spectra characteristic of triplet states which are assigned to the corresponding aryl cations of configuration (π)5(sp2)1.


Background : bicondylar tibial plateau fractures need surgical treatment to achieve good clinical results. The locking plate combines the technical advantages of an angular stable plate with those of the modern biological plating technique. Aim of the study: to verify management of bicondylar tibial plateau fractures by single lateral locked plate including patient selection, fracture type suitable for this kind of surgery, timing of surgery, operative technique, postoperative instructions and follow up. Patients and Methods: between January 2018 and February 2019, 20 patients with a mean age of 38 years (Range: 24-57 years) with bicondylar tibial plateau fractures with or without metaphyseal extension. Patients were diagnosed clinically, checked with standard X-rays, CT was done for all cases. Patients were treated by single lateral anatomically contoured locked plate through LISS or polyaxial locking plate systems with or without additional screws from medial side. Results: the mean Functional Rasmussen Knee score at last follow-up was 94.7% ranged between 83.3% and 100%. The mean Anatomical Rasmussen Knee score at last follow-up was 92.2% ranged between 77.7% and 100%. Mean Functional Rasmussen Knee score of patients had (Schatzker V fractures) was 96%, however it was 82.5% in those had (Schatzker VI fractures). Conclusion: surgical treatment of bicondylar tibial plateau fractures with the single lateral locked plate that was evaluated in our study can lead to a good functional and anatomical outcome and considered an effective system for providing fracture stabilization provided that the correct surgical technique is used.


THE work here described was done during the month 21 July-19 August 1936, while the party of which I was a member was centred at Bruce City, Klaas Billen Bay, a branch of Ice Fjord, West Spitsbergen, in lat. 78? 39' N., long. 16? 45' E. This district has been visited several times by Oxford University Expeditions, and descriptions of the vegetation are to be found in papers by J. Walton (1922) and Summerhayes & Elton (1928). In addition, A. M. Acock has been carrying on, during 1936 and 1937, an investigation at Bruce City of wider scope. Arctic studies limited to a single summer visit are necessarily incomplete and likely to be of small value if they remain isolated. The aim has been in this paper to build upon foundations already laid by reinvestigating a small and readily identifiable area in the high Arctic, of which the vegetation has been described before, sufficiently long ago to allow of changes having occurred. For this reason the work has been limited to the area lying close behind Cape Napier, which was mapped by Walton in 1921 with a view to reinvestigation by some "future observer". The chief objects of the paper are therefore: (1) To record any changes which may have occurred in the intervening fifteen years, (2) To provide a more detailed description for the benefit of later observers.


A novel dynamic path planning approach is presented to integrate obstacle prediction with probabilistic directional weighting and accomplish mobile robot path planning in an unknown and dynamic environment.In order to predict obstacles' states exactly,Kalman filter is employed in the path planning.Based on the concept of period planning,a new probabilistic directional weighting method is presented to complete the real-time path planning combining information of obstacles and goal.The method is applicable to the complex indoor environment without the prior information of moving obstacles' speeds and trajectories.Finally,simulation and experiment results implemented on SmartROB2 mobile robot show the method' s validity and practicability.


Summary Christianity and other western religions regard evil as a real force and morality as a choice with only one permissible outcome. However, the Qabalah treats evil more as an unresolved imbalance: the failure to resolve pairs of opposites. The Qabalists go further than the Buddha, whose Noble Middle Path is central to eastern religion: they acknowledge advantages in experiencing the opposites—even over a period of more than one lifetime—before bringing them into harmony. Similarly, German philosopher Hegel observed that cycles of thesis and antithesis may continue for some time before new synthesis is achieved. Theosophical teachings—particularly those of the Tibetan Master— draw attention to the mediating roles of the fourth ray of Harmony through Conflict and the second divine aspect of Love–Wisdom. These teachings may offer a way to reconcile Christian and Qabalistic teachings on good and evil. 1


Persons engaged in gas laser research and developed need data from many fields - atomic and molecular physics, gas-phase chemistry, optics and electromagnetic theory, quantum electronics, thermodynamics and heat transfer, gas dynamics, plasma physics and electrical discharges, optical properties of solids, surface physics and chemistry, and other branches of science and engineering. These data are required for the mathematical modeling of lasers, for the choice of materials in the construction of lasers, for the interpretation of laser performance, and for the study of the interaction of laser radiation with matter. This bibliogrpahy was compiled in an effort to help fill this need, especially in atomic and molecular physics and gas-phase chemistry. The references listed here are divided into four main groups. The first deals with atomic collisions. Here we refer principally to two-body and three-body collisions between electrons, atoms and molecules (neutral and ionized), and photons at impact energies sufficiently low that nuclear forces are unimportant. The next main group of references deals with the structure and properties of atoms and molecules (neutral and ionized). The third group of references deals with laser - the physics underlying their operation, laser theory, and applications of lasers. The remaining references deal withmore » a variety of subjects.« less


Juvenile Dermatomyositis (JDM) is a systemic, autoimmune disease affecting the skin, blood vessels, and proximal skeletal muscles of juvenile individuals. A subset of JDM patients present with subclinical or resolved muscle involvement but continue to have skin disease. In these cases, first and second line treatments including glucocorticoids are sometimes insufficient for controlling the disease, necessitating escalation of treatment. Several recent studies have investigated the response of Tofacitinib, an oral Janus Kinase inhibitor approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, in DM patients and patients with inflammatory skin diseases

 Due to the reported ability of JAK inhibitors to suppress type 1 interferon (IFN) signalling, which is suspected to be upregulated in JDM, we evaluated the efficacy of treatment with Tofacitinib in four JDM patients.

 Three patients with juvenile dermatomyositis without evidence of current muscle involvement and one patient with evidence of muscle involvement began treatment with Tofacitinib 5 mg daily after they had failed or had adverse effects to first- and second-line immunosuppressive agents. Their medical records were reviewed with improvement measured using the Cutaneous Dermatomyositis Disease Area and Severity Index (CDASI) activity score. Throughout their treatment they were additionally monitored for improvement in markers of inflammation and muscle enzymes including CK, LDH, and aldolase. Patients were monitored for adverse effects to Tofacitinib.

 Three of four patients within the case series showed significant improvement of their CDASI scores over the initial first three months and two out of four patients showed continued improvement over the first six months. Patient #2 required use of Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy in response to a flare despite continued use of Tofacitinib within the first six months. This patient also continues to require concomitant use of Hydroxychloroquine and IVIG however remains in skin remission. This patient has developed calcinosis despite having no active rash or muscle disease. TOF dose was increased to 5 mg bid for this patient. Patient #4 initially presented with mild skin disease. Other outcomes included significant improvement in arthritis with the addition of methotrexate. This patient also recieved a topical skin steroid injection by dermatology.

 Tofacitinib is believed to play a role in the inhibition of IFN signalling pathways that are overactive in dermatomyositis. Three of the four patients within this retrospective study showed significant improvement of cutaneous disease with Tofacitinib use. Further controlled studies will show the utility of JAK inhibition in JDM.


This Paper described three ways of data encryption schemes in the light of security .They are link encryption, point to point encryption and terminal to terminal encryption. It introduced the technology of firewall and how to construct the security management protocol of a computer network.


Objective To study the relationship of mid-upper arm circumference(MAC) and calf circumference(CC) with nutrition indexes in elderly patients with digestive disease in Hubei,and to choose the optional cutoff values of MAC and CC for malnutrition diagnosis.Methods A total of 265 elderly patients born and lived in Hubei were studied.Their nutrition indexes were gathered.The influences of age and gender on MAC and CC were analyzed by ANOVA of factorial design.Linear correlation and multivariate stepwise regression were used to analyzed the relationship of MAC and CC with other nutrition indexes.ROC cure was used to analyze the cutoff values of MAC and CC.Results MAC and CC had significant correlations with most of the nutrition indexes(P0.05).ANOVA results showed that age affected both MAC and CC,while gender affected only CC.ROC analysis showed no significant difference of MAC and CC cutoff values among various groups.Conclusion MAC and CC bear great diagnosis power for elderly patients' malnutrition.The optional cutoff values of MAC and CC are 24cm and 30cm for elderly patients with digestive diseases in Hubei.


The authors intend to develop the environmental education through satellite images, especially in using by LANDSAT images, as one of the best ways for visualized educational means. In recent years, many kinds of remote sensing systems are improved remarkably and are indispensable for understanding physical system of the earth. Especially, the LANDSAT images prepare the information for large area simultaneously and repeatedly.The understanding of physical system means the understanding of earth's radiative equilibrium because solar energy is the only one energy that the earth receives within the solar systems, the earth-atmosphere system, or solar-earth system as more global physical system. The information obtained from images by TM (Thematic Mapper), on-board LANDSAT 4 and 5, are very valuable for understanding the system because each band of the TM are reflected solar energy (Bands 1 through 5 and 7) and long wave radiation (Band 6) from the earth-atmosphere system.The purpose of the environmental education is to bring up environmental ethics according to the understanding of physical system. For this purpose, learning the urban heat island phenomena, the most serious problem for the disruption of the physical system as thermal pollution, is the one of the best ways to experience the disruption of the system. Therefore, to recognize the urban heat island phenomena visually, from the LANDSAT images is the very excellent way for understanding the thermal pollution of the system from personal experiences.


The structure of TcO2 between 25 and 1000 °C has been determined in situ using X-ray powder diffraction methods and is found to remain monoclinic in space group P21/c. Thermal expansion in TcO2 is highly anisotropic, with negative thermal expansion of the b axis observed above 700 °C. This is the result of an anomalous expansion along the a axis that is a consequence of weakening of the Tc-Tc bonds.


—In order to analyze large-scale scientific data, research on data exploration and visualization has gained popularity. In this paper, we focus on the exploration and visualization of scientific simulation data, and define a spatial V-Optimal histogram for data summarization. We propose histogram construction algorithms based on a general binary hierarchical partitioning as well as a more specific one, the l -grid partitioning . For effective data summarization and efficient data visualization in scientific data analysis, we propose an optimal algorithm as well as a heuristic algorithm for histogram construction. To verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed methods, we conduct experiments on the massive evacuation simulation data.


In recent years, text-to-image generation has received significant attention as researchers aim to automatically generate realistic images from textual descriptions. Despite the promising results of diffusion models in producing high-quality images, they often struggle to capture the richness and diversity of natural language expressions, making it difficult to generate images that align with user intentions. To tackle this challenge, personalization has been proposed as a potential solution. Personalization involves fine-tuning pre-trained text-to-image generation models using user-provided images that contain specific concepts or subjects, enabling the models to generate images with the desired subject or style. However, existing personalization techniques typically require direct fine-tuning of the text encoder, diffusion model, or both, which can result in high computational costs for incorporating user-provided concepts and potentially compromise the model's knowledge. This paper introduces a novel approach to personalizing a text-toimage model by leveraging a BLIP-2 encoder. We provide the image that contains objects we wish to generate using the Stable Diffusion model as inputs to the BLIP-2 encoder. Then, we use the output queries of the BLIP-2 Q-former as visual prompts to guide the Stable Diffusion model to generate images that capture the visual representations of the input image.


Abstract : Experience over the past several years with space food prototypes has demonstrated the essential role of a controlled environment in meeting the rigid microbiological requirements during production of these critical foods. The U. S. Army Natick Laboratories has constructed a clean room, or controlled environment facility (ChEF) for food processing, which will employ laminar airflow technology. This report presents a brief outline of a research plan for utilizing this new facility toward establishing the scientific and technological basis for assuring the microbiological wholesomeness of space food prototypes, as well as exploiting this technology toward new and useful food processes and products.


Abstract Disclosure: G. Rossi: None. D. Bagordo: None. L. Amar: None. M. Azizi: None. A. Riester: None. M. Reincke: None. C. Degenhart: None. J. Widimský: None. M. Naruse: None. J. Deinum: None. T. Kocjan: None. A. Negro: None. E. Rossi: None. G. Kline: None. A. Tanabe: None. F. Satoh: None. L. Rump: None. O. Vonend: None. H.S. Willenberg: None. P.J. Fuller: None. J. Yang: None. N. Chee: None. S.B. Magill: None. Z. Shafigullina: None. M. Quinkler: None. A. Oliveras: None. B. Lee: None. C. Chang: None. V. Wu: None. Z. Krátká: None. M. Battistel: None. G. Rossitto: None. T.M. Seccia: None. Adrenal venous sampling is recommended for the identification of unilateral surgically curable primary aldosteronism, but is often clinically useless, owing to failed bilateral adrenal vein cannulation. Our objective was to investigate if only unilaterally selective adrenal vein sampling studies can allow identification of the responsible adrenal. Among 1625 patients consecutively submitted to adrenal vein sampling in tertiary referral centers, we selected those with selective adrenal vein sampling result in at least on side and surgically cured unilateral primary aldosteronism, used as gold reference. The accuracy of different values of the relative aldosterone secretion index (RASI), which estimates the amount of aldosterone produced in each adrenal gland corrected for catheterization selectivity, was examined. We found prominent differences of RASI values distribution between patients with and without unilateral primary aldosteronism. The diagnostic accuracy of RASI values estimated by the area under ROC curves (AUROC) was 0.714 and 0.855, respectively, in the responsible and the contralateral side; RASI values >2.55 and ≤0.96 on former and the latter side furnished the highest accuracy for detection of surgically cured unilateral primary aldosteronism. Moreover, in the patients without unilateral primary aldosteronism only 20% and 16% had RASI values ≤0.96 and >2.55. With the strength of large real-life dataset and use of the gold reference entailing an unambiguous diagnosis of unilateral primary aldosteronism, these results indicate the feasibility of identifying unilateral primary aldosteronism using unilaterally selective adrenal vein sampling results. Presentation: Thursday, June 15, 2023


Functional reaction and stress resistance of C.niponicus were mainly studied to provide a scientific reference for protecting and utilizing C.niponicus.The results showed that the relationship between the preying amount of C.niponicus to P.pentagona and the density of the adult and egg plus newly incubated nymph of P.pentagona could be described with a negative accelerative curve.It was fitted to the functional response of Holling type Ⅱ.Respectively: Na =0.36666N/(1 + 0.036176N) and Na = 0.909091N/(1 + 0.004753N),Na =1.240601N/(1 + 0.017052N).C.niponicus adults with P.pentagona female adults,eggs and newly hatched nymph density increased,consumption also increased accordingly.The theoretical maximum predation numbers of C.nipponicus adults to female P.pentagona adults,eggs and newly incubated nymphs were 10.1356,191.28 and 72.74 respectively.Diesel emulsion and lime sulfur had lower toxicity to the adults of C.niponicus.


Prophylaxis or preventive medicine is founded on the supposition that a large proportion of the important diseases that afflict the human race are preventable by judicious measures adopted for the purpose. Such measures must be directed toward the accomplishment of one or more of the following objects: 1. To prevent the development of the specific causes capable of inducing disease. 2. To destroy or neutralize such causes after they are developed and before they had excited active symptoms of disease. 3. To so increase the natural vital resistence of the living body that it successfully resists the action of the supposed causes of any form of disease; and 4, to interrupt contact or communication of the sick with the well. To be successful in the accomplishment of these important objects we must have reliable knowledge of the causes that produce disease, or at least the conditions and laws under which


AIMS To summarize the experience of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS Diagnosis and operative indication were all determined by ultrasonography in 400 patients,among them 56 patients were exam- ined by ERCP.All the patients were operated under intravenous or in- halation anesthesia and artificial CO_2 pneumoperitoneum. RESULTS Complication rate(common hepatic duct injury cured by open operation)was 0.5%.Altering into open cholectstectomy rate was 2.25%.Average time of hospitalization was seven days. CONCLUSIONS Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be applided to most patients with cholelithiasis.It's safe and reliable.Patients with acute cholectstitis and choledocholithiasis are not contraindications.Bile duct injury is an important complication of laparoscopic cholectstectomy.


Abstract ASEAN's formation in 1967 was motivated by political and strategic considerations and the economic co‐operation schemes in the first quarter century produced little impact. Since then there have been efforts to deepen economic integration and widen membership in response to global and regional geopolitical and economic changes. The ASEAN Free Trade Area and Growth Triangles are aimed at improving the region's competitiveness as a production base and investment location. Membership has extended to include Vietnam, and eventually the rest of Southeast Asia. None the less, ASEAN remains small in economic size relative to EU and NAFTA, and this has pushed it to pursue open regionalism and external linkages.


The attributes required of an integrated management information system that advances the state-of-the-art and that is responsive to the needs of general contractor project management personnel for ...


Preface Part I. The Invention of Heresy: 1. The Blackfriars Council, London, 1382 Part II. The Late Fourteenth Century: Canonizing Wycliffism: 2. The invention of 'Lollardy': William Langland 3. The reinvention of 'Lollardy': William Langland and his contemporaries 4. Geoffrey Chaucer's Wycliffite text Part III. The Early Fifteenth Century: Heretics and Eucharists: 5. Thomas Hoccleve's heretics 6. John Lydgate's Eucharists Part IV. Feeling Wycliffite: 7. Margery Kempe's 'Lollard' affects Part V. Epilogue: 8. Heresy, Wycliffism and English literary history Bibliography Index.


ABSTRACT This paper presents the case of a patient on the autistic spectrum (ASD) and proposes a theoretical and technical model which seeks to illustrate the characteristics of the relational and intersubjective perspective in psychoanalysis. Along a complementary axis this perspective combines the knowledge which psychoanalytic research, starting from Kanner and Asperger, has developed through the studies by among others Tustin and Meltzer. The model is conceived from the vertex of a psychoanalysis which seeks to deal with disorganized and unrepresentable states of mind. Important is the personality of the analyst, who must be prepared to experience nothingness, meaninglessness and the chaos of a contiguous-autistic (CA) position. We can then consider a wider oscillation in the field in addition to PS↔D, namely CA↔PS↔D. Disorganized states of mind exist that result from a cumulative trauma which occured very early on, during the pre-natal or at least pre-verbal and pre-representational stages of psychic development. Such states then become the effect of a basic deficit that the analytic field can oneirically transform into trauma which, through reciprocity, micro-attunements, the encounter with the analyst's negative capability and rêverie, can then evolve into a traumatic experience which can finally be subjected to symbolic alphabetization.


Introduction: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone inhibitor (RAASi) therapies improve outcomes for heart failure (HF) patients (pts) when given at high doses, but optimal treatment is often limited because of its association with hyperkalemia, a mortality risk factor which frequently develops in difficult-to-treat pts, such as those with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and HF. There is an unmet need to address hyperkalemia in this underserved population. ZS-9 is a nonabsorbed cation exchanger specifically designed to entrap K+ in the gut. ZS-9 acutely restored and maintained K+ in hyperkalemic pts in a large Phase 3 study. A subgroup analysis was performed in pts with significant renal impairment (eGFR<60) and history of HF from this study. Methods: Pts (N=753) with K+ 5.0-6.5 mEq/L were randomized (1:1:1:1:1) to ZS-9 (1.25, 2.5, 5 or 10g) or placebo (PBO) orally 3x/day for 48hr (acute phase). Following this phase, pts with K+ 3.5-5.0 mEq/L (n=542) were randomized 1:1 to the same ZS-9 acute phase dose or PBO 1x/da...


Time estimation has been proposed as a measure of pilot workload and it appears that the production method provides a useful measure. The verbal estimation method has also been investigated and it appears that it does not provide as sensitive a measure of workload as does the production method. Verbal estimates are given with less precision and a series of verbal estimates tends to reflect a relative judgement of the duration of different intervals rather than an absolute judgement of the length of each interval. Overestimation may either reflect boredom during the interval, or the fact that a great deal of activity was performed during the interval that was remembered. Underestimation may either reflect a feeling that time passed quickly because interesting activities were engaged in, or that so little activity was performed or remembered, that very little time passed.


To describe how a short educational intervention in social insurance medicine was experienced by Registered Nurses and what changes it brought to their work with sick leave questions in telephone nursing.


HYBRID ZONES OFFER opportunities to study genetic and social architectures of speciation and biological diversification (Harrison 1993, Gill 1998). But hybrid zones vary greatly. Some may be bounded zones of hybrid superiority (Moore and Price 1993). Some shift location in response to asymmetries of selection or dispersal. Some are old and narrow continuing sinks of hybrid inferiority. Still others are new contacts in the early test phases of genetic and social confrontation that may be resolved through natural selection. Mosaic hybrid zones are perhaps the most interesting and challenging of all speciation research opportunities. These are less "zones" than they are geographic arrays of local interactions between the same two species. The extent, pace, and pattern of introgressive hybridization can vary among localities that differ in details of the history of the contact, the ecology of the interface, the degree of isolation by distance or dispersal, and the roulette of genetic recombination. One of the best-studied cases of mosaic hybridization involves not birds but Plethodon salamanders of the Appalachian Mountains (Highton and Peabody 2000). Two species in particular, P. jordani and P. glutinosus, hybridize to varying extents at different locations, showing variable levels of reproductive isolation that reflect different histories and trajectories of their genetic contacts, and the inclusion of cryptic new species. The classic case of mosaic hybridization in birds is that of Spotted Towhees (Pipilo maculatus) and Collared Towhees (P. ocai) in Mexico (Sibley 1954, Greenlaw 1996). The amount of introgressive hybridization and directions of gene flow differ among localities, including sympatric coexistence in Oaxaca without evidence of interbreeding. Most contacts are attributable to human alterations of habitat-some


PURPOSE: To obtain a processed small-sized fish eatable bone and all without a fish or fishlike smell, by softening the fish bone with heat, by filling the space between the plural fish bodies arranged in the original shape or enclosing the bodies with a ground fish meat, and by freezing and molding the fish bodies and fish meat. CONSTITUTION: A small-sized fish body, e.g., a sardine, horse mackerel or mackerel, is directly, or after removing the head and entrails, washed with water, if necessary immersed in (A) a saccharide and/or an amino acid solution or (B) a mixture of a citric acid buffer solution with a common salt solution, or in (A) and then (B), drained, and heated at 105W125°C for 20W80min to soften the bone. A plurality of the fish bodies as in the original shape are arranged in a container. A ground fish meat or its mixture with a vegetable protein or starch (G) is then filled into the space between the bidies, or the bidies are enclosed with G. The bodies and G are frozen into a block. COPYRIGHT: (C)1981,JPO&Japio


In the current Overseas Contingency Operation (OCO), families and communities have been impacted by multiple deployments. This is particularly challenging for families that are geographically isolated from military installations and resources typically available near these facilities. Operation Military Kids (OMK) is a national partnership reaching out through Cooperative Extension and land-grant universities to support military families by educating communities about the challenges of deployment, providing age-appropriate activities for children, and encouraging communities to actively support family members as their soldiers serve the country. To ensure quality and effectiveness, OMK initiatives are required to establish and maintain state-level leadership teams or advisory committees. While involving these individuals at the state level is important and is a tremendous asset for the overall program, it is also one of the most challenging tasks for state project directors in each state, which makes developing successful collaboration strategies an important program component.


The paper holds that the thinking of Three Represents is a new and scientific generalization of innovation of Marxist theories and it is a scientific theory system which is developing together with Marxism, Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory. It is also a new prospect of theoretical development of Marxism and new innovative development of Marxism of Contemporary China.


In this paper, we consider a queueing system in which there are two exponential servers, each having his own queue, and arriving customers will join the shorter queue. Based on the results given in Flatto and McKean, we rewrite the formula for the probability that there are exactly k customers in each queue, where k = 0, 1 ..... This enables us to present an algorithm for ~omputing these probabilities and then to find the joint distribution of the queue lengths in the system. A program and numerical examples are given.


A perfect fit: Hydrogen bond formation of heterodimeric molecular capsules assembled from complementary functionalized resorcinarene cavitands is of considerable interest from the viewpoint of multicomponent molecular assemblies. The formation of hydrogen-bonded heterodimeric capsules AB (see picture) based on a monolayer of tetrapyridyl resorcinarenes B is verified by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyzing N 1s signatures.


Ideological and Political work is the important factor of instructing students in higher institues.In the new period,how to do the work well is a remarkable problem which relates with ldeological and Political workers.This paper discusses the innovation about the contents,methods and approaches in ideological and political work.


Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Syracuse University Syracuse, NY 13244-1240 ( 3 1 5 ) 443-1414 . , ABSTRACT quested retransmission, that is, on channe1 quality, and therefore, f a l l s rapidly Automatic-repeat-request (ARQ) and with increasing channel error rate [ 2 , 3 1 . torward-error-correction (FEC) schemes can However, the ARQ scheme can provide high be combined to keep the throughput high system reliability independently of the under a wide range of channel error rates. channel quality. On the other hand, FEC In this paper, we describe a simple ARQ techniques provide constant throughput scheme that uses the minimal amount of FEC regardless of the channel quality, but the and leads to high throughput and system reliability falls as the channel reliability. The ARQ scheme proposed here degrades. can be incorporated into the^ existing comIn situations where the channel error munication systems without any increase in rate is too hlgh to guarantee the desired the complexity of the overall system. throughput using ARQ and where the re


Satisfactory control of Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) had been obtained with single application of insecticides until the summer of 1974, when difficulties were experienced on grain sorghum in some areas. Field collected greenbugs in 1974 from Texas, Oklahoma, and South Dakota were not satisfactorily controlled in greenhouse tests by some of the organophosphates even at the 1 lb/A rate. Results suggest that an insecticide resistant biotype of the greenbug has developed, and control failures with some insecticides might be expected to be more frequent than in previous years. However, other insecticides showed little or no loss of effectiveness in the greenhouse tests.


A knowledge of rain-fade-slope is essential in the design of fade countermeasures. The principal method of estimation, proposed by the European Space Agency, may be inadequate for terrestrial microwave links. A revised method based on the discrete Fourier transform is examined.


This research examines the dimensionality of the Hollenbeck, Williams, and Klein (1989) self-report measure of goal commitment on complex tasks. Results from three studies suggest that for complex tasks, responses to a subset of items reflect performance expectancies while another subset of items reflect goal commitment. This response pattern is demonstrated through differential temporal stability, differential relationships with negative feedback reactions, and confirmatory factor analyses. Practical and theoretical implications of the dimensionality of this measure are discussed.


Phytoremediation is an emerging technology for removing heavy metals contamination from polluted sites. It is cost effective and has exquisite advantages and long term applicability. The present study suggests about the accumulation ability, mobility and plant growth response on exposure to heavy metals in soil. Experiments were carried out to find the accumulation ability of Cu and Zn in the Calendula officinalis. The selected metals were mixed at various concentrations ranging from 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mg/Kg for Cu and 150, 300, 450 and 600 mg/Kg for Zn separately in soil. The results showed that plants grown in Cu supplemented soil had shorter shoot and root length as compared to plants grown in control condition. This may be due to accumulation of Cu in shoot and root of Calendula officinalis. In comparison to Cu concentration accumulation, effect of Zn (150, 300, 450 and 600 mg/Kg) in soil reduced the length of shoots and roots of Calendula officinalis and accumulation potential of Zn was more. The results revealed that as the concentration of both metals (Cu and Zn) were increased in the soil; the overall length of Calendula officinalis decreased due to potential accumulation ability in shoot and root.


Extractive activities, including petroleum onshore upstream operations, are confirmed to be causing severe social and environmental damage. A number of methods have been proposed to control and mitigate these adverse impacts. A common approach is enforcing companies to adhere to local regulations. However, in cases where these regulations are immature, contracting parties – including states – usually come to an understanding that operators should, alternatively, resort to the principle of 'good oilfield practice' (GOP) as their main source of socio-environmental responsibilities.

However, the principal difficulty that is likely to emerge when contractors and operators are referred to GOP as their basis for accountability, is that GOP is a broad concept lacking a precise interpretation and internationally recognised definition. This vagueness and inadequacy will be discussed throughout this paper, before moving on to seek efficient interpretive methods within the social and environmental arena within which oil operations are occurring.

Thus, this article will commence with demonstrating the current understanding and characterisation of the term GOP within a wide range of legal, judiciary, contractual and secondary sources. The second section will be dedicated to highlight some legal and contractual examples where commitment to GOP is a prerequisite. This will entail investigating current legal and mandatory nature of this term as well as the key institutional normative sources of GOP. Mindful of these classifications, in this article, it will be endeavoured to discover the ambiguities and inefficiencies of the present-day comprehension of the concept GOP in order to suggest methods of developing this to meet the evolving socio-environmental and human rights expectations of the industry. This will require seeking approaches of incorporating the emerging theories of CSR, business and human rights, and procedural participatory practices into the term GOP and suggesting techniques for their promotion and application within the petroleum industry.


The paper presents a study of students' significant and ideal learning experiences as triggers of university teachers' professional development. Students' feedback and teachers' own reflection on their teaching act as important triggers for quality shifts in their teaching and professional development. The results of empirical research, during which we used a questionnaire with predominantly open-ended questions, will be presented. We were interested in the degree of students' satisfaction with the quality of education and what conceptions about teacher's and student's role they had formed during their studies. Of the many research questions, this paper only deals with analysis of learning experiences which had a particular impact on students, and their notion of an ideal study environment. In this manner we attempted to reflect on the quality of studying and, based on significant learning situations, gain insight into the influence a teacher's teaching may have on their students' professional and personal development. Thus the question arises of how much university teachers are prepared for in-depth reflection on their own practices, to what degree they are ready to take into account feedback they receive from students and whether they are prepared to abandon their customary teaching practices.


2005 Annual Meeting of the Society for Ming Studies The 2005 meeting of the Society for Ming Studies took place in Chicago at the Hyatt Regency Hotel on the evening of April 1, during the fifty-seventh annual meeting of the Association for Asian Studies. Sarah Schneewind, succeeding Martin Heijdra as president, ran the meeting. Jennifer Purtle was nominated and elected as the future president; Judith Zeitlin and Ken Hammond were elected to the board and Carla Nappi was elected as the graduate student representative on the board. Three graduate students— Jennifer Eichman, Carla Nappi, and Zhang Jie—gave brief presentations about their dissertations. Peter Bol of Harvard University described Robert Hartwell's bilingual database on about 30,000 officials of the Song period. The database is keyed to location through GIS maps of Song China. Bol asked if Ming scholars would be interested in joining and international effort to extend the database forward in time.


1. The number of cell layers and the volume of cells in the velamen of the aerial roots of the several species of orchids studied are not constant but may be affected by the relative humidity in which the roots are growing. 2. In the plants studied, the pneumathodes do not have modified tissue, as reported by Haberlandt. The pneumathode cells are not wetted by water but are rendered wettable by addition of a detergent. Cell walls of the pneumathode and of the exodermis are more heavily lignified than are those of other velamen cells. The lignin of the pneumathode cells may differ in composition from that of the other cells. 3. The intact mature velamen and exodermis of the aerial roots of certain orchids seem to be nearly impermeable to water and certain solutes. Though the velamen may absorb both, little of either seems to penetrate into the living cortex within. Radioactive phosphorus could not be detected in leaves of orchids even after aerial roots had been immersed in a solution containing it for as long as 96 hours. That the velamen is not a barrier to carbon dioxide and oxygen was shown by studies on photosynthesis and respiration of detached roots. The velamen was not found capable of "condensing" gaseous vapors in a measurable quantity. If the velamen is modified by mechanical injury or after the root becomes attached to a solid substratum, then the root may serve as an absorbing organ. The principal roles of the velamen in free aerial roots are mechanical protection and the prevention of excess loss of water from the cortex.


A case of ectopic pregnancy 12 years after tubal sterization associated with myoma uteri and adenomyosis was treated in Ratchaburi Hospital. One hundred and one cases of ectopic gestation, from 1987 to 1991, are reviewed and discussed. Post tubal sterization ectopic pregnancy incidence is 6-12.3%, none has been reported, in retrospective review of 10 years literatures, to be associated with myoma and adenomyosis.


Various pathways to the metal cyanides Na(CN), Mg(CN) and Al(CN) - some of which have been detected in the circumstellar envelope IRC + 10216 - are critically assessed. Calculations of rate coefficients for radiative association processes of the types M+ + HCN, M+ + HNC and M + CN, which are supported by ab initio calculations of the relevant bond strengths, molecular geometries and vibrational frequencies, allow us to conclude that none of these previously proposed pathways to M(CN) can account for the observed abundances of T-Na(CN), MgCN and MgNC within IRC + 10216. We propose that the observed sodium and magnesium cyanides are best accounted for by a mechanism involving radiative association of Na + and Mg+ with cyanopolyynes such as HCsN and HC7N, and discuss prospects for the formation of Al(CN) by an analogous mechanism. We also estimate the abundance ratiosn(NaCN) :n(T-Na(CN)) andn(AlCN) :n(AlNC), assuming an ion/ molecule source for these species and based on calculated thermochemical and spectroscopic properties for these isomers; the results suggest that virtually all Na(CN) and Al(CN) should be in the form of T-Na(CN) and linear AINC respectively, with poor prospects for the detection of the higher energy isomers NaCN and AlCN. Larger homologues of the metal cyanides, such as MNC2n + 1 (M = N a, Mg, Al; n = 1, 2, 3, 4 ... ), may also arise in the dissociative recombination of MNC2n +1H+ ions. We assess the prospects for formation of the species MgC2 and MgCCH, and propose also that the metal amides MNH2 (M=Na, Mg, Al) constitute another class of compound whose formation in IRC + 10216 via an ion/ molecule mechanism, namely the reaction of M + with NH3 , appears highly likely.


The utility model discloses a full automatic multifunctional high-precision ring-type winding machine with stranded wires, which comprises an electric control box, wherein, an operating platform panel is arranged on the control box; a wire feeding mechanism, a stranded wire component mechanism, an automatic feeding transmission mechanism, a wire spool movement mechanism, an automatic magnet ring feeding mechanism, a wire arranging stepper motor dual-driving gear case mechanism and an automatic material-taking and product-arranging mechanism with radian are arranged on the platform panel; an enameled wire can be fed by the wire feeding mechanism, is fed to the automatic feeding transmission mechanism through a stranded wire mechanism, and then is fed to the wire spool movement mechanism through a thin pipe; the enameled wire is driven by a rubber wheel on a micro-adjustable front and rear bevel wheel mechanism driving unit on the wire spool movement mechanism so as to perform circular motion; driven by the wire arranging stepper motor dual-driving gear case mechanism, a wire leading needle guides the wire end of the enameled wire to penetrate through a magnet ring so as to perform the wire winding; and the magnet ring is taken out by the automatic material-taking and product-arranging mechanism with radian. The full automatic multifunctional high-precision ring-type winding machine with the stranded wires adopts a new design including automatic wire feeding and the magnet ring, and can satisfy the product requirements on high yield and high quality without high cost in the production.


Although the cranial nerves of Hexanchus, Echinorhinus, and Scyllium have been fully described, and the segmental value of the nerves of Elasmobranch fishes repeatedly considered, the nervous system of Lœmargus has hitherto escaped notice. This is probably to be accounted for by anatomists taking for granted that Lœmargus agreed in the arrangement of its nerves with Echinorhinus and other Spinacidœ.


A maximization of expected utility theory of decision making originally developed for repetitive, non-social, choice situations is applied to behavior in the coalition game. A program of experiments testing the application of the theory is reported. The results of the experiments indicate strong support for the model. An extension of the theory to two-person games is also presented and the results of a preliminary test are reported.


OBJECTIVE
Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) has recently been proposed as a treatment option for chronic depression. The cognitive behavioral analysis system of psychotherapy (CBASP) is the only approach specifically developed to date for the treatment of chronically depressed patients. The efficacy of MBCT plus treatment-as-usual (TAU), and CBASP (group version) plus TAU, was compared to TAU alone in a prospective, bicenter, randomized controlled trial.

METHOD
One hundred and six patients with a current DSM-IV defined major depressive episode and persistent depressive symptoms for more than 2 years were randomized to TAU only (N = 35), or to TAU with additional 8-week group therapy of either 8 sessions of MBCT (n = 36) or CBASP (n = 35). The primary outcome measure was the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (24-item HAM-D, Hamilton, 1967) at the end of treatment. Secondary outcome measures were the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI; Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996) and measures of social functioning and quality of life.

RESULTS
In the overall sample as well as at 1 treatment site, MBCT was no more effective than TAU in reducing depressive symptoms, although it was significantly superior to TAU at the other treatment site. CBASP was significantly more effective than TAU in reducing depressive symptoms in the overall sample and at both treatment sites. Both treatments had only small to medium effects on social functioning and quality of life.

CONCLUSIONS
Further studies should inquire whether the superiority of CBASP in this trial might be explained by the more active, problem-solving, and interpersonal focus of CBASP.


By analyzing the functional requirements of building programmable virtual experiment environments, and the architecture and virtual environments of WIN9X,the paper gives a virtual programmable model.The technology of VxD and the mechanism of the model are analyzed.The authors have realized the programmable virtual experiment environments for the subjects of computer principle and computer interface with the model.Experimental results show that the vitural experiment environments can meet the requirements of teaching.


Twenty volatile organic compounds were measured in the personal air and drinking water of 350 New Jersey residents in the fall of 1981. Two consecutive 12-hour integrated personal air samples and two tap water samples were collected from each participant. At the end of the 24-hour monitoring period, each participant supplied a sample of exhaled breath. Simultaneous outdoor samples were collected in 100 residential locations in two cities. Eleven compounds were present much of the time in air, but only four (the trihalomethanes) in water; wide ranges of exposures (three to four orders of magnitude) were noted for most compounds. Ten of 11 compounds displayed significant correlations between air exposures and breath concentrations; the 11th (chloroform) was correlated with drinking water exposures. It was concluded that breath measurements are a feasible, cost-effective, and highly sensitive way to determine environmental and occupational exposures to volatile organic compounds.


A new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial reform promote the intelligent development of automobile and promote the deep integration of automobile with Internet, big data, communication and other industries. At the same time, it also brings network and data security problems to automobile, which is very easy to cause national security and social security risks. Intelligent vehicle Ethernet intrusion detection can effectively alleviate the security risk of vehicle network, but the complex attack means and vehicle compatibility have not been effectively solved. This research takes the vehicle Ethernet as the research object, constructs the machine learning samples for neural network, applies the self coding network technology combined with the original characteristics to the network intrusion detection algorithm, and studies a self-learning vehicle Ethernet intrusion detection algorithm. Through the application and test of vehicle terminal, the algorithm generated in this study can be used for vehicle terminal with Ethernet communication function, and can effectively resist 34 kinds of network attacks in four categories. This method effectively improves the network security defense capability of vehicle Ethernet, provides technical support for the network security of intelligent vehicles, and can be widely used in mass-produced intelligent vehicles with Ethernet.


Background Tongue cancers are more common in the Indian subcontinent and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among oral cavity cancers. Induction chemotherapy has been considered an intriguing and smart option for many reasons, but even after years of studies and debates, its role has not been fully established in the management of tongue cancers.
 Materials and Methods In this study, we evaluated 17 patients with oral tongue carcinomas with locally advanced stage, enrolled into a protocol of three drug (docetaxel, cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil) induction chemotherapy for three cycles. After completion of the three cycles, patients were clinically and radiologically re-evaluated and surgery was done if locally operable.
 Results At the completion of three cycles, five patients were partial responders, four patients were complete responders, and five patients had progressive disease after three cycles. Those patients with response underwent surgery. There were no significant morbid intraoperative or postoperative complications observed in seven out of nine patients. At the end of treatment completion, five out of nine patients had tumor residue/high-risk features and were planned for adjuvant radiotherapy.
 Conclusion For locally advanced oral tongue carcinomas, the role of induction chemotherapy before surgery has been fruitful and its impact on function preservation with acceptable oncological clearance is an emerging alternative. Spacing chemotherapy and radiotherapy reduce the incidence of adverse effects of combined treatment.


Minimally invasive surgical approaches have exploded in popularity within the past 5 years and have now advanced well beyond standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Many diseases of the foregut are quite amenable to treatment by laparoscopically gased techniques, and these approaches are rapidly gaining acceptance for problems ranging from gastroesophageal reflux to peptic ulcer. With Minimally Invasive Surgery of the Foregut , editors Jeffrey H. Peters and Tom R. DeMeester have attempted to "produce a comprehensive book that transcends simple descriptions of operative technique to encompass the broader physiological principles of surgery." With this new volume they have met many of their goals. In addition to descriptions of operative procedures, the authors have included chapters dealing with physiologic alterations of laparoscopic surgery, ambulatory preoperative assessment, and postoperative results. Often neglected in discussions of laparoscopic surgery, these topics are crucial in deciding when laparoscopic surgery of the foregut is appropriate and in assessing results.


During a recent clinical placement on a stroke rehabilitation ward, I helped care for an older woman who had difficulty communicating following a stroke, and had lost the use of her left arm.


OBJECTIVE To establish a HPLC method for simultaneous determination of tolperisone hydrochloride and methyl hesperidin in Naoluotong Capsules.METHODS The analysis was performed on a shim-pack VP-ODS column(4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm) with acetonitrile-0.025 mol·L-1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate(add 5 mL triethlamine per litre,and adjusted to pH 3.0 with phosphoric acid)(25∶75).The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1.The column temperature was 30 ℃.The detection wavelengths were set at 261 and 283 nm.RESULTS The calibration curves showed good linear response ranged from 0.191 4 to 5.742 μg for tolperisone hydrochloride and from 0.040 5 to 1.215 6 μg for methyl hesperidin.The average recoveries were 101.94%(RSD=1.86%) and 99.68%(RSD=1.01%).CONCLUSION This method was simple,accurate and reliable for the quality control of Naoluotong Capsules.


The structures and absolute stereochemistry of three new metabolites isolated from Xenia species of soft corals have been determined by spectroscopic study and chemical correlation with known natural products. The new metabolites are: (1S,2R,4R,4aS,5Z,8aR)-1,2-epoxy-4-isopropyl-1,6-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene (4), (1E,4R,4aR,5S,6R,8aR)-5,6-epoxy-4-isopropyl-6-methyl- 3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene-1-methanol acetate (5) and (1E,5Z,4R,4aR,8aR)-4-isopropyl-6-methyl-3,4,4a,7,8,8a- hexahydronaphthalene-1-methanol (6).


The invention discloses a debitterized honey pomelo granule beverage and a making method thereof. The beverage comprises 8 to 10 weight percent of white granulated sugar, 0.35 to 0.5 weight percent of citric acid, 5 to 20 weight percent of debitterized honey pomelo granules, 10 to 30 weight percent of debitterized honey pomelo juice, 0.12 to 0.2 percent of stabilizer and the balance of water. Themaking method comprises the following steps: checking and accepting a honey pomelo raw material, cleaning, sterilizing, refrigerating for storage, cutting honey pomelo into fresh fruit sections, separating peel from pulp, separating the pulp of the honey pomelo into granules, preparing debitterizing liquid and honey pomelo granule raw material, removing the bitter and astringent taste of the honey pomelo under vacuum, weighing, canning, exhausting, sterilizing, cooling, keeping temperature and packaging. In the invention, the bitter and astringent taste of the honey pomelo are moved by the debitterizing liquid under vacuum, the removing effect is obvious, the mouthfeel of the product is excellent, and the honey pomelo granules restrain original shape and flavor and give off the original natural fragrance of honey pomelo.


(57) Abstract: The present invention is the preparation chromatography on a silica gel column, salt - water - does not perform filtering of the precipitate and in the combination and intermediate with ethanol from the ethanol solution and chromatography of the product It discloses a novel method of purifying vancomycin HCl to improve purity. Chromatography on a column containing silica gel stationary phase and the aqueous mobile phase, a predetermined pH, carried out in an amount and concentration of the mobile phase flow rate and temperature as well as vancomycin hydrochloride. This method is distinguished by the chromatographic purity of about 93% area of the yield and the resulting product. Vancomycin hydrochloride is purified according to the invention, since this is as low as 1/3 of the product the ratio of impurities contained are available conventionally, useful for oral and parenteral administration.


This chapter contains sections titled: Concerns about Data Validity, Nefarious Actors, Limited Internet Access, Communicating Does Not Necessarily Mean Intervening, Exhausting Volunteers, Measuring Results, Summary


Background of conflict The regional conflict system in the South of West Africa started with the intervention of the rebel group National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL) under the lead of Charles Taylor at Christmas in 1989. The aim of this intervention was the overthrow of Liberian dictator Samuel Doe. Several actors in Liberia, but also from other countries, supported Charles Taylor in his endeavor. With the killing of Doe by Prince Yormi Johnson, an enemy of Taylor and also warlord, the state's power broke down and the state's monopoly of force was lost. In the subsequent war several warlords and rebel groups competed for the power and control on the territory of the Liberian state and the neighboring countries. In this apparent anarchy the NPFL managed to hold the ground and thus controlled for temporarily 90 per cent of Liberia's territory and parts of the neighboring countries, which became generally known as "Taylorland". Despite countless peace agreements and the engagement of the Economic Community Of West African States (ECOWAS), the country suffered from war till the president's elections in 1997. This war was not limited to the territory of Liberia, but spread as well out to the territory of neighboring country Sierra Leone. Close relations between Charles Taylor and Foday Sankoh, leader of the Sierra Leonean Revolutionary United Front (RUF), led to a regional diffusion of violence. With the help of military training, weapons, and ammunition the RUF started a long-lasting civil war against changing governments in Sierra Leone. There were three reasons for Taylor's support of the RUF: 1, he wanted to bring his allies to power; 2, he wanted to benefit from the economic trade with diamonds; and 3, he wanted to pressure Sierra Leonean ECOWAS troops out of the country. (AI 2001; Florquin and Berman 2005; Holtom 2007b; ICG 2002a; ICG 2003b; Mortimer 2000; Pugh and Cooper 2003; Reno 1998; UN 2000a)


strong coupling of SUR1 with Kir6 appears exclusive, but recent studies argue that SUR1 also associates with and regulates TRPM4, of the transient receptor potential (TRP) channel family of non-selective cation (NSC) channels. It has been reported that, following stroke, brain or spinal cord trauma, SUR1 is expressed de novo in neurovascular cells at the injury site. In these cells, there appears to be dramatic upregulation of a NSC conductance with TRPM4-like properties, which seems to be reduced by sulfonylureas and enhanced in presence of the KATP channel opener diazoxide, leading to the postulation that posttraumatic NSC currents are determined by SUR1-modulated TRPM4 channels (Simard et al., J Neurosurg 113: 622-9; 2010). However, direct evidence for functional association of TRPM4 and SUR1 is lacking. To address this, we performed inside-out membrane patch-clamp of COSm6 cells expressing TRPM4 channels with or without SUR1. TRPM4-mediated, non-selective currents were Ca2þ-activated, voltage-dependent, underwent desensitization, and were inhibited by ATP, but were insensitive to diazoxide, glibenclamide and tolbutamide. These properties were not affected by co-transfection with SUR1 albeit functional, sulfonylurea-sensitive KATP channels were formed when the same SUR1 was co-transfected with Kir6.2. In cells co-transfected with Kir6.2, SUR1 and TRPM4, we measured Ca2þ-independent, KATP-mediated K þ currents and Ca2þ-activated, sulfonylurea-insensitive Naþ currents in the same patch, further showing that SUR1 subunits control KATP channel activity, without affecting TRPM4 channel properties. Co-transfection of TRPM4 and SUR1 does not elicit sulfonylurea-sensitive NSC currents as reported in stroke and brain injury models, suggesting that functional association of TRPM4 and SUR1 is unlikely.