BOOK ONE--COMPETITION RULES Part I: Conditions for the Application of both Articles 101 and 102 Part II: Article 101(1), (2) and (3) Part III: Horizontal Agreements Part IV: Vertical Agreements Part V: Industrial and Intellectual Property Agreements Part VI: Joint Ventures Part VII: Article 102 Part VIII: State Intervention Part IX: Sectoral Application of EU Competition Rules Part X: Procedure and Remedies Part XI: Relations with Other Areas of Law BOOK TWO--MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS Chapter 1: Legislation Chapter 2: Jurisdiction: Cases and References Chapter 3: Substantive Issues: Cases and References Chapter 4: Procedure Chapter 5: Remedies BOOK THREE--TABLES


This manuscript reports the synthesis, X-ray characterization and theoretical study of all-cis 1,4:2,3:5,8:6,7-tetraepoxynaphthalenes focusing on the importance of α-effect hydrogen bonds.


Objective/Aims: Paired associative stimulation (PAS) of the hand motor cortex (M1) may induce depressant effects on corticospinal excitability. It has been likened to the long-term depression of excitatory synapses as studied in vivo animal work. We hypothesized that activation of inhibitory and/or facilitatory interneurons during PAS may modulate LTD-like plasticity. Methods: 60 subjects were examined (20 in every condition). PAS10 was performed by combining repetitively electric stimulation of the median nerve with subsequent TMS of the contralateral M1 (interstimulus interval 10 ms, 180 pairs, 0.1 Hz). Effects of PAS on MEP amplitude were normalized to baseline. PAS alone (PAS10) was compared to four conditioned PAS protocols in which the TMS pulse was conditioned by a preceding subthreshold (0.8*RMT) TMS pulse (CS) at either 3 ms (CS3) or 13 ms (CS13). The intensity of the second TMS pulse (TS) was either 1.3 * RMT (CS3-PAS10 or CS13-PAS10) or adapted to generate a MEP response matching in size that elicited by a single TMS-pulse at 1.3*RMT in the absence of a conditioning TMS pulse (CS3-PAS10adj or CS13-PAS10adj). Results: Excitability in M1 changed as a function of the condition (ANOVA TIME*CONDITION F=3.833; P=0.005). MEP amplitudes decreased following CS13-PAS10 and CS13-PAS10adj similarly to PAS10 (around –15%). The depressant PAS10 effect, however, was abolished in the presence of a CS at –3ms (PAS10 vs. CS3-PAS10, P=0.047), even if the TS was adjusted (PAS10 vs. CS3-PAS10adj, P=0.006). Conclusion: These results show that activation of inhibitory interneurons blocked the induction of LTD-like plasticity in M1 and may support the view that PAS-induced effects are tightly controlled by GABAergic inhibition.


When applying some kind of waveform to the primary of a transformer, one expects to see a more or less resembling waveform at the secondary. This is not the case for high-frequency HV transformers. The basic reason is that the parasitic parameters (PP) (leakage inductance and numerous parasitic capacitances) have a considerable influence on the transformer performance. HV transformer equivalent circuits are discussed, and the choice of one for further analysis is theoretically and experimentally justified. It is shown that HV rectifier/multiplier adds considerably to the parasitic capacitance of the secondary winding at no-load conditions. Further analysis concentrates on the electromagnetic processes in a transformer fed by a square-wave voltage, which is characteristic for no-load operation. Overvoltages (OV), i.e., ratio of the maximum voltage at the secondary to that calculated by the transformation ratio, generated by high harmonics are analyzed using Fourier transform. For special cases of asymmetrical waveshapes, closed-form expressions are obtained. The influence of the primary voltage risetime on the OV is also analyzed. It is shown that the characteristic OV is close to three for steep risetimes. Main conclusions were upheld by PSpice simulations and experimental investigation


Influenza A viruses (IAVs) represent a significant risk to human and animal health and thus determining the mechanisms of cross-species transmission is critical in understanding viral emergence. H3N8 equine influenza virus (EIV) is a virus of avian origin that emerged in horses in the early 1960s and is still circulating in horses despite the availability of vaccines. Therefore, H3N8 EIV provides unique opportunities to study the underpinning mechanisms of cross-species jumps and adaptation in mammalian hosts.
The aim of this project was to determine the role of evolution on EIV adaptation to the horse. To this end, equine and avian cell lines were infected as well as horse tracheal explants with a panel of phylogenetically distinct EIVs and compared their infection phenotypes. Viral replication was quantified and changes in the histology and ciliary activity of infected explants were assessed to compare the phenotype of infection of each virus. Phylogenetically distinct EIVs exhibited different infection phenotypes: while early EIVs grew more efficiently in avian cells, late EIVs grew to higher titres in equine explants. This phenotype was demonstrated to be largely due to the late EIV viral polymerase. Using an in vitro measure of polymerase activity, late EIVs were observed to have more efficient activity in mammalian cells than early EIVs. The Polymerase Acidic (PA) and Nucleoprotein (NP) segments were shown to be the greatest drivers of the mammalian-adapted polymerase phenotype. Including either of these segments from a late EIV in the polymerase complex significantly increased minireplicon activity. Our results suggest that EIV adapted to the horse along its evolutionary history partly by mutations in the PA and NP genes.


From elastic neutron scattering experiments, it is shown that the anomalies which have been recently observed in the high temperature phase of KAlF 4 by the X-ray mono-Laue technique can be attributed to embryonic domains of a premartensitic phase which coherently coexists with the high temperature phase. The arrangement of the domains and the lattice parameters of the premartensitic phase are determined. On the basis of geometrical considerations and with regard to the two-dimensional character of this layered compound we propose a possible structure for the premartensitic phase. The coexistence of the two phases can be interpreted by means of edge dislocations which are presumably formed during the crystal growth procedure. The role played by the premartensitic phase on the onset of the KAlF4 martensitic transformation is discussed.


INTRODUCTION
The laser flare-cell meter allows noninvasive measurement of aqueous flare in humans. In vitro studies have shown good correlations between flare values and albumin concentrations. In this study, we compared aqueous flare values and aqueous protein concentrations in living human eyes.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
We measured aqueous flare and the total aqueous protein concentration in 52 eyes of 52 patients (age 58.4 +/- 18.8 years) that underwent cataract extraction (22 eyes) or trabeculectomy (30 eyes). Before surgery, aqueous flare was determined with the laser flare-cell meter (Kowa FC-1000). During surgery, 50 microliters of primary aqueous humor was aspired, and total aqueous protein concentration was performed using a modified Pierce-BCA assay. Linear regression analysis was calculated.

RESULTS
There was a high correlation between aqueous flare values and total aqueous protein concentration (y = 0.52x + 0.15, r = 0.98, p < 0.00001). This correlation was observed both in eyes with and without cataract.

CONCLUSION
Our results indicate that aqueous flare values as determined with the laser flare-cell meter reflect the true aqueous protein concentration quite accurately. Lens opacities appear not to significantly alter the results of aqueous flare measurements. As expected by theoretical assumptions, flare measurements overestimate aqueous protein concentrations in eyes with severely impaired blood-aqueous barriers because, according to Rayleigh's law, larger protein molecules cause more light scattering. However, transformation and expression of flare values as "albumin concentration equivalents" according to in vitro-calibration may still be useful, especially if the results of different instruments are to be compared.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)


used previously to define ETD,5 this can underestimate prevalence by excluding individuals with flat (type B) tympanograms, which may correspond to middle ear effusion. Nonetheless, to our knowledge, these data provide the first nationally representative estimates of the prevalence of ETD among US adults. Studies are needed to identify risk factors and causes, and advance both a clinical and a public healthdriven approach to this common disorder.


Cutaneous melanoma is often characterized by its pigmented appearance; however, up to 8.1% of such lesions contain little or no pigmentation. Amelanotic melanomas, lesions devoid of visible pigment, present a diagnostic quandary because they can masquerade as many other skin pathologies. Recognizing amelanotic melanoma is even more clinically challenging when it is first detected as a metastasis to the secondary tissue.


We present a near-infrared (near-IR) spectrum of the nearby radio galaxy PKS 1549-79 (z = 0.153). These data were taken with the aim of testing the idea that this object contains a quasar nucleus that is moderately extinguished, despite evidence that its radio jet points close to our line of sight. We detect broad Paa emission (FWHM 1745 ′ 40 km s - 1 ), relatively bright continuum emission, and a continuum slope consistent with a reddened quasar spectrum (3.1 < A v < 7.3), all emitted by an unresolved point source. Therefore we conclude that we have, indeed, detected a hidden quasar nucleus in PKS 1549-79. Combined with previous results, these observations are consistent with the idea that PKS 1549-79 is a young radio source in whit the cocoon of debris left over from the triggering events has not yet been swept aside by c rcumnuclear outflows.


The Problem-Based Benchmark Suite (PBBS) is a set of benchmark problems designed for comparing algorithms, implementations and platforms. For each problem, the suite defines the problem in terms of the input-output relationship, and supplies a set of input instances along with input generators, a default implementation, code for checking correctness or accuracy, and a timing harness. The suite makes it possible to compare different algorithms, platforms (e.g. GPU vs CPU), and implementations using different programming languages or libraries. The purpose is to better understand how well a wide variety of problems parallelize, and what techniques/algorithms are most effective. The suite was first announced in 2012 with 14 benchmark problems. Here we describe some significant updates. In particular, we have added nine new benchmarks from a mix of problems in text processing, computational geometry and machine learning. We have further optimized the default implementations; several are the fastest available for multi-core CPUs, often achieving near perfect speedup on the 72 core machine we test them on. The suite now also supplies significantly larger default test instances, as well as a broader variety, with many derived from real-world data.


Abstract : Using a rat model of in vivo renal ischemia and one of gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity as well as the freshly isolated preparation of rat proximal tubules, it was found that adenosine triphosphate levels of rat kidney cortex improves for 3-6 hours after anoxia but then subsequently declines with continued reperfusion; that calcium accumulates in mitochondria in vivo during reflow; that in vitro mitochondria return to normal buffering capacity soon after reflow begins but thereafter this capacity is lost. Finally, endoplasmic reticulum are better preserved as calcium transporting vessicles than are mitochondria and gentamicin in vivo induces early, and increases in an intracellular calcium compartment or pool even before functional and morphologic injury is seen. Keywords: Acute renal failure; norepinephrine; verapamil; nifedipine; mannitol.


This research study examines the impact of using mock IPL (Indian Premier League) auctions as a teaching tool in language learning, with particular focus on business vocabulary development and understanding of business concepts among undergraduate business administration students. The study included 45 participants who met specific inclusion and eligibility criteria. It uses a research design that includes a mock IPL auction performance evaluation conducted before and after the intervention. Assessment methods include pre- and performance tests that assess speaking skills, vocabulary quizzes that measure business-related vocabulary development, and surveys that gather qualitative feedback on participants' experiences. Findings reveal significant improvements in speaking skills, significant improvements in business-related vocabulary, and positive qualitative perceptions of the IPL simulation. This study supports the hypothesis that exposing language learners to mock IPL auction performance contributes not only to improved vocabulary but also to a deeper understanding of business concepts. This highlights the potential synergies between the IPL bidding environment and language education, emphasizing the value of experiential learning in language acquisition and business-related learning.


The solid phase crystallization of a-Si:H nanoparticles grown by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition has been studied using differential calorimetry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The peak temperature has an activation energy similar to that of the nucleation rate of a-Si:H films (5.3 eV), indicating that crystallization is governed by nucleation. In fact, the results agree with a first-order crystallization kinetics, which allows prediction of the crystallization temperature as a function of the nanoparticle size and the nucleation rate. The nucleation rate is shown to increase exponentially with the oxygen concentration in the nanoparticles.


Litigation and legislation have redefined the role of the school relative to placement of children and the educational services provided them. The focus of this review is on three previously disenfranchised groups, the young, the handicapped, and the culturally different. Court cases as well as state and federal legislation which were instrumental in changing the decision-making role of the schools are reviewed. Developments in children's rights relative to education are considered under three major issues: the right to education, including the right to appropriate education; nondiscriminatory testing and evaluation; and procedural protections. Implications of recent federal legislation, the Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975 (PL94–142), are outlined. The authors note that while PL94–142 is comprehensive, the manner of implementation is uncertain. The complexity of children's rights in assessment and placement is emphasized.


In this contribution we report on the calculation of the output power of He-Ne laser on the five lasing wavelengths in the red of spectrum.


Course institutions is one of non-formal education as a substitute, complementary, enhancement, and education outside of school. One of the best non-formal institutions to develop early childhood talent is the Yamaha Music School course institute. This is what makes researchers interested in learning which is done by Yamaha Music School course for early childhood. This type of research uses qualitative research, ranging from lesson planning, implementation of learning to evaluation of learning. Data collection techniques used non-contributory types of observation, documentation and structured interviews conducted face-to-face. The subjects of this study were early childhood at the age of 3 years and a lecturer in Wonderland Music Class Moshi-Moshi Yamaha Music School. The form of lesson planning for wonderland music classes ranging from materials, methods, models, media and time allocation has been designed by the Yamaha Music School Foundation of Japan but can be developed by each teacher according to the situations that occur in the classroom during the learning process. The classroom learning atmosphere created by the teacher is great for the child to feel good about music. The results of the evaluation conducted at the Wonderland studio class only provide a learning award in the classroom with that of fiesta music and concert classes.


Trends in the average nurse staffing levels are reported for certified nursing facilities in the United States from 1991 through 1995. Data from the federal On-Line Survey Certification and Reporting system show a small overall increase in the staffing levels for registered nurses (RNs), licensed vocational and licensed practical nurses (LVNs/LPNs), and nursing assistants over the 5 years, but there are substantial variations across states and regions. A two-stage least squares panel analysis examined predictors of nurse staff levels in states. States with higher resident case mix levels had higher RN and LVN/LPN hours. States with higher percentages of large facilities had lower RN and LVN/LPN levels and states with higher percentages of for-profit facilities had lower RN staff levels. States with a higher percentage of Medicaid residents had higher LVN/LPN staff levels. These findings indicate the need for more studies of staff variations and public policies that affect staffing.


For most industrial robots using position control, self-collision is a headache. Without well-defined constraints at a joint level, self-collision can lead to damage to a robot or even injury to the operator. In this study, a new methodological approach is proposed that is different from the traditional methods of using sensors or analysing kinematics. The proposed method uses a support vector machine to construct a joint boundary map based on the robot's movement in the workspace. To verify its feasibility and performance, simulations are conducted. The proposed method is believed to help reduce the cost and computational burden. It is expected to be utilised even in applications where the existing methods are difficult to use.


A multistream plant has a definite advantage of achieving an overall lesser downtime as compared to a single-stream plant based on Partial Oxidation because the outage of individual stream does not necessarily put the plant out of operation. But the safety considerations in the design, operation and maintenance of a multistream plant should be all the more elaborate and well defined. Usually the multistreams have common utility sources and a number of interconnections provided for the side streams. The present paper is a case study of an incident that occurred in the Ammonia Plant when the maintenance work was in progress in one stream and the other two were under operation.


We survey the computational geometry relevant to nite element mesh generation. We especially focus on optimal triangulations of geometric domains in two-and three-dimensions. An optimal triangulation is a partition of the domain into triangles or tetrahedra, that is best according to some criterion that measures the size, shape, or number of triangles. We discuss algorithms both for the optimization of triangulations on a xed set of vertices and for the placement of new vertices (Steiner points). We brieey survey the heuristic algorithms used in some practical mesh generators.


The accuracy of the autocorrelation function method, spectral function method, and maximum likelihood method, as a function of the parameters of the turbulent atmosphere, is studied and compared. The cases of the stable, unstable, and indifferent stratification are considered. The theoretical analysis of the Gaussian and non-Gaussian frequency fluctuations shows that the measurement accuracy of the Doppler shift depends strongly on the state of the turbulent atmosphere, the parameters of the Doppler Lidar and on the method used.


Evidences of the permanence and of the basal character of measurements need not be presented here. Educational scales and the modern test procedures by which they are applied are being recognized more and more generally as improved instruments for measuring various items of skill and knowledge. Scores obtained by the use of these instruments are more objective, more accurate, and more reliable than the measures of scholarship which were in general use two decades ago; and there is every reason to expect that in another generation yet more useful scales and test procedures than are now available will have been developed. Measurements of the results of instruction will continue to be refined, and the recognition of their fundamental value will continue to grow just as certainly as education continues its attempts to modify and control the mental characteristics of youth. Rigorous thought on the objectives to be attained and careful checking of results are as certainly necessary in developing the process of education as they are in improving the study of agriculture, astronomy, or any other science. The standard scales and tests devised in recent years supply for the first time a really convincing means for the verification or disproof of educational theories. When Professor Thorndike and others first began to publish the more objective scales for measuring the results of instruction, there were enthusiastic individuals who thoughtlessly claimed too much for measurements. Each new device or invention tends to find a few such persons who will acclaim it as a panacea. During the past few years, however, a much more rational understanding of the true purpose and value of educational measurements has been gaining ground. Detailed analyses of the scores made by different groups of pupils and


An energy efficient routing protocol named Hybrid TBLEACH Energy Based Multihop Protocol is proposed. The proposed protocol selects sensor nodes having higher residual energy as Cluster Heads which communicate with the base station by the means of minimum spanning tree. It has reduced energy consumed by sensor nodes. In this paper, performance of proposed protocol is analyzed with the effect of change in position of base station. The performance of proposed protocol is compared with the previous proposed protocols LEACH, TB-LEACH and CTPEDCA protocol.


Early complementary foods in breastfed infant usually emerged by maternal perception of insufficient milk supply, breast milk content and maternal body composition. This early cessation will be affected to non-exclusive breastfeeding in first 6 months. In Indonesia, studies on breast milk were limited. Measurement of sufficient breast milk content and its correlation to maternal body mass index (BMI) aimed in this study to improve maternal confidence in maintaining exclusive breastfeeding. A cross-sectional study was conducted in several Public Health Centre in Padang, West Sumatera. Breast milk of mid-feed expression of one side breast from 145 breastfeeding mothers at 17-210 days postpartum was collected at 9:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. Total energy was analyzed using a MIRIS® human milk analyzer, which was based on a mid-infrared transmission spectroscopy technique. We measured the weight and height of mothers for calculating BMI. Statistical analyses were carried out using statistical software. A p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Breast milk energy was 67,21+11,76 kcal/dl. The mean maternal BMI was 24.17+ 6,35 kg/m2. There was no significant association between lactation period with breast milk energy, fat, carbohydrate and protein content. (p=0.486, p=0.137, p=0.712, p=0.338, respectively). There was no significant association between breast milk energy, fat, carbohydrate, and protein content to maternal BMI. (p=0,568, p=0,115, p=0.095, p=0,150, respectively). Breast milk content was constant during seven months of the lactation period. Breast milk content was not associated with maternal BMI.


Using temperature jump method, rate constants of the following type reactions were obtained, (M2 + is metal ion and L-, D- are L- and D-form of histidine anion). At 25° C and ionic strength of 0.1, rate constants were: nickel(II), k2= 4.1 X 10 mol-.1. sec-1, k_2= 0.059 sec-', k3=4.3 X 105 mol-1.1. sec-1, 2 k_3=0.027 sec-1; cobalt, k2 1.4 x 106 mol-l./ . sec-1, k2=5.7 sec', ks= 1.2 x 106 mol-1.1. sec-1, 2 k_3=2.9 sec'; zinc(JI), k2= 6.0 X 10' mol-l / sec-', k2=190 sec', k3= 5.2 x 107 mol- .1. sec-1, 2 k_3=96 sec'; cadmium(II), k2 7 x 107 mol-l./ .sec-% k 2 4 × 103 sec' (the coefficient 2 of k, is the statistical factor).The formation rate constants k2 and k, were equal within experimental error for nickel TO, cobalt10, and zinc(II), but 2 k, was about half of k2. The effect of optical activity of his- tidine on complexation reactions appeared kinetically on the dissociation reactions of bihistidine complexes. The results of formation rate constants agreed with the two step mechanism involving water dissociation from the inner hydration shell of the ion ML+.


A compact CPW-fed stepped impedance resonator (SIR) slot dipole antenna has been investigated. Transmission-line equations together with full-wave analysis are used to analyze and design this antenna. The proposed antenna shows a 3.6% bandwidth of greater than 10 dB return loss at the center frequency of 3.86 GHz. Compared with the CPW-fed uniform impedance resonator (UIR) antenna, the proposed antenna shows a 31% length reduction.


This paper aims to explain the importance of strengthening religious moderation and national insight for the community through educational institutions, both formal, non-formal and informal educational institutions. This research is a qualitative research to find the meaning of a phenomenon. The data analysis uses the triangulation method, which is to cross check from a document source with another source, or from a document source with a historical fact. These results are (1) Formal educational institutions are the right means in carrying out religious moderation activities because in formal education there is a structured, systemic and easy-to-evaluate learning space, (2) religious moderation learning in non-formal institutions, is very effective in developing insight nationality considering that non-formal educational institutions are built on public awareness and are doctrinal in character, (3) the implementation of religious moderation education in informal educational institutions is also no less strategic considering that informal educational institutions that are integrated in the community can effectively stem radical religious beliefs that easily accessible and consumed by the public.Keywords: Religious Moderation; National Insight; Educational Institutions


www.jogh.org • doi: 10.7189/jogh.10.020359 1 December 2020 • Vol. 10 No. 2 • 020359 Gender-based violence (GBV), with one out of three women worldwide experiencing violence in their lifetime, has been defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a "global public health problem of epidemic proportions" [1]. During the current COVID-19 pandemic, the WHO and other international authorities have warned about the increased risk of GBV related to more time spent indoors, isolation from social and protective networks, and greater social and economic stress related to both the epidemic and response measures [2-4].


We investigate the drop splashing threshold ST of water on a rough surface. Surface roughness has been known to facilitate drop splashing, but a counterexample has been observed. Here, we suggest a possible explanation of how surface morphology affects drop splashing. We focus on the air flow during the splashing event and estimate ST on a rough surface. To demonstrate this effect, experiments using well-designed surfaces were conducted, and the results agree with our relation. This work shows that surface morphology can both suppress and facilitate drop splashing, and presents a method to predict ST on surfaces with different morphologies.


To the Editor: —I am attaching a pamphlet published by the Palmer School of Chiropractic, which lists some of the insurance companies alleged to have recognized chiropractic; among them is the Maryland Casualty Company. This is grossly false; the Maryland Casualty Company has never recognized chiropractic and never will, so long as the present medical organization exists. It is true that in some instances chiropractors' bills have been paid, where this has been compelled by law, but never, in a single instance, without vigorous protest. In the workmen's compensation department of this company, the services of a chiropractor are never recognized, and immediate steps are taken, as soon as information is received, to remove our injured employees from the hands of chiropractors to regular licensed physicians. In our personal injury, or accident and health department, we are not thus able to control our cases and frequently are compelled to accept


The diversity of the archaeococcoid scale insect fauna in the Cordillera of the Andes, particularly the paramos, was studied in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. The paramos is an ecosystem in the tropical high mountains, where the temperature alternates between freezing at night and thawing during the day. Within this habitat, two new genera and several new species and new country records were discovered and are described and illustrated below. Thus, at 4200 m in the Cordillera de Merida, Venezuela, a new monophlebid genus, Corandesia Foldi n. gen., is erected for C. kozari Foldi n. sp. (Monophlebidae) based on the adult female. The genus Paramoandesia Foldi n. gen. (Monophlebidae) is erected for P. colombiensis Foldi n. sp. from 4200 m in Colombia, based on the adult female and male and for P. ecuadorensis Foldi n. sp. from 4100 m in Ecuador, based on the adult females. These three new species were found on Espeletia spp. (Asteraceae) in the paramos and, although living in the typically harsh environmental conditions of this habitat, do not appear to have developed special protective structures, although they have probably developed physiological adaptations and appear to exploit the protection afforded by the microhabitat at the base of large, dense leaves of their host plant. In addition, at 2000 m near Merida, another monophlebid, Crypticerya abrahami (Newstead) was collected, previously only known from Guyana, and redescribed here based on the adult female and first-instar nymph. The adult and preadult females of Mimosicerya williamsi Foldi n. sp. (Coelostomidiidae) from 2500 m in Venezuela are described and illustrated. In addition, Platycoelostoma rauppi Foldi n. sp. (Callipappidae), a hypogeal species found on the roots of alfalfa in the mountains around Cusco, Peru, is described based on the adult female. This is the first record of a member of the Callipapidae from South America, as Platycoelostoma Morrison was previously believed to be restricted to Australia and to New Zealand. A taxonomic key to genera based on the adult females of Coelostomidiidae in the Neotropics is provided and, also keys to the adult females of species of Mimosicerya Cockerell (Coelostomidiidae), Paramoandesia (Monophlebidae) and to Platycoelostoma (Callipappidae).Les Archaeococcoides de la Cordillere des Andes de Colombie, de l'Equateur, du Perou et du Venezuela sont analyses. Dans les paramos etudies, un ecosysteme de haute montagne ou les temperatures nuit-jour alternent entre congelation et decongelation, deux nouveau genres et plusieurs especes nouvelles ont ete decouverts. Ainsi, dans les paramos de la Cordillere de Merida, Venezuela, 4200 m, Corandesia Foldi n. gen. est cree pour l'espece C. kozari Foldi n. sp. fondee sur l'adulte femelle. (Monophlebidae). Paramoandesia Foldi n. gen. est cree pour les especes P. colombiensis Foldi n. sp. de Colombie, 4200 m, description fondee sur les adultes femelle et mâle et P. ecuadorensis Foldi n. sp. de l'Equateur, 4100 m, (Monophlebidae). Les especes des paramos furent toutes collectees sur Espeletia spp. (Asteraceae) et, bien que vivant dans des conditions d'environnement extremes, elles n'ont cependant pas de structure de protection, mais ont developpe probablement une adaptation physiologique, exploitent de plus l'effet protecteur du microclimat offert par les bases des larges feuilles de leurs plantes-hotes. A une altitude inferieure pres de Merida au Venezuela, vers 2000 m, Crypticerya abrahami (Newstead) autre Monophlebidae, a ete collectee, alors qu'elle n'etait connue que de Guyana est redecrite fondee sur l'adulte femelle et de la premiere stade larvaire. Adulte et preadulte femelle de Mimosicerya williamsi Foldi n. sp. (Coelostomididae) du Venezuela, 2500 m, sont decrites et illustrees. Au Perou, Platycoelostoma rauppi Foldi n. sp. (Callipappidae), espece hypogee trouvee sur les racines de Medicago sativa, sur les montagnes environnantes de Cusco, decrite fondee sur l'adulte femelle. Il s'agit de la premiere decouverte d'un membre de la famille des Callipappidae en Amerique du Sud, le genre Platycoelostoma Morrison etant jusqu'a present considere comme restreint a l'Australie et a la Nouvelle-Zelande. Une clef taxonomique fondee sur les adultes femelles est proposee pour les genres neotropicaux de Coelostomidiidae, ainsi que pour les especes des genres Mimosicerya Cockerell (Coelostomidiidae), Paramoandesia (Monophlebidae), et Platycoelostoma Morrison (Callipappidae).


An immunomodulator complex is a fusion protein comprising: (a) a mutant subunit of ADP-ribosylation of A1 subunit of cholera toxin (CTA1), (b) a peptide capable of binding to a specific cell receptor where said peptide is a dimer of subunit D of protein a of Staphylococcus aureus, and (c) one or more epitopes associated with autoimmune or allergic disease, wherein the subunit CTA1 mutant, amino acids corresponding to amino acid 7, arginine and 187 amino acids, cysteine, in the native CTA1 have been replaced with lysine at amino acid 7 and alanine at amino acid 187.


We aimed to investigate the relationship between membrane material and the development of membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) using membranes with different pore sizes and hydrophilicities. Batch filtration tests were performed using submerged single hollow fiber membrane ultrafiltration (UF) modules with different polymeric membrane materials including cellulose acetate (CA), polyethersulfone (PES), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) with activated sludge taken from a municipal wastewater treatment plant. The three UF hollow fiber membranes were prepared by a non-solvent-induced phase separation method and had similar water permeabilities and pore sizes. The results revealed that transmembrane pressure (TMP) increased more sharply for the hydrophobic PVDF membrane than for the hydrophilic CA membrane in batch filtration tests, even when membranes with similar permeabilities and pore sizes were used. PVDF hollow fiber membranes with smaller pores had greater fouling propensity than those with larger pores. In contrast, CA hollow fiber membranes showed good mitigation of membrane fouling regardless of pore size. The results obtained in this study suggest that the surface hydrophilicity and pore size of UF membranes clearly affect the fouling properties in MBR operation when using activated sludge.


Introduction: Dengue is the emerging mosquito-borne infectious disease in India. Dengue is endemic in many countries across the world. Dengue is one of the major causes of paediatric morbidity and mortality and clinical profile of dengue patients change from time to time and region to region. The elucidation of the clinical profile is very important for patient management and saving lives. Aim: To assess the clinical profile of Dengue Fever (DF) and its utility in early prediction of severe dengue among children 0 to 18 years according to National Guidelines for Clinical Management of DF 2014 at a tertiary care hospital, in Northern India. Materials and Methods: This was an observational study done at GMC Kathua, Northern India from 1st June 2021 to 30th November 2021. All the clinically suspected patients of dengue in the age group 0 to 18 years were subjected to NS1 antigen and Immunoglobulin M (IgM), Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody tests, all patients positive for these were considered as confirmed dengue patients and were included into the study. Parameters studied were the clinical profile of DF and its utility in prediction of severe dengue. Data was analysed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 184.108.40.206 (142) and different groups were compared by using the Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression. The p-value<0.05 was considered significant. Results: Out of the total 640 febrile patients, 71 (11.1%) were positive for dengue and were enrolled in the study. NS1 was positive in 67.6%, IgM in 56.33% and IgG (along with NS1 or IgM or both) in 32.4%. Flushed facies at 81.6% was the most common clinical finding followed by myalgia 74.6%, headache 73.2%, facial puffiness 66.2%, vomiting 54.9%, rash 50.7%, arthralgia 33.8% and retro-orbital pain in 16.9%. The total number of patients with co-morbidities was 7 (9.9%). Patients with warning signs having hepatomegaly ≥2 cm Below Costal Margin (BCM) were 49.3%, followed by recurrent vomiting 38%, pain abdomen 38%, restlessness 33.8%, minor bleeding 28.2% and lethargy 23%. Signs of cardiovascular collapse were cold calamities 26.7% followed by shock 23.9% and narrow pulse pressure <20 mmHg 12.6%. The metabolic disturbance was seen in 12 (16.9%) patients and severe organ involvement in 11 (15.5%). The tourniquet test was positive for 52.1%. A whole blood transfusion was given to eight patients. Only one patient expired with total mortality of 1.4%. Conclusion: Vomiting and myalgia were found to be statistically significant for early prediction of severe dengue, which may help in early initiation of treatment and decrease both morbidity and mortality. Patients presenting with atypical manifestations of severe organ involvement were also included under the severe dengue category, which was not possible according to previous guidelines.


Climate change stands as one of the most important global issues of our time. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has described the warming of global climate systems as "unequivocal", and current mitigation policies as inadequate to prevent the growth of greenhouse gas emissions over the coming decades (IPCC, 2007, p.1). In addition to policies and regulation, individual behaviour change is seen as highly important in reducing emissions, perhaps particularly due to the hope of potentially rapid change (DECC, 2011). However, there is little evidence of change in individuals' behaviour, with many indicators showing increased energy use over the past two decades. For example, in the UK, the percentage of passenger journeys by car (84%) remained stable between 1992 and 2007, the proportion of primary school children driven to school increased by 13% to 43% in the same period (DfT, 2009) and domestic energy use increased by 12% between 1990 and 2006 (DEFRA, 2008).


The major distinctive feature of the Islamic banking as compared to the conventional one lies on the pricing mechanism. The 'new' system applies variable pricing mechanism, as reflected on the Profit and Loss Sharing (PLS) system, meanwhile the 'old' system applies fixed pricing mechanism, as reflected on the Interest Based (IB) system. Several implications arise from this very basic difference. This paper discusses the implementation of Islamic banking, its socio-economic effect and its role in the development. As a new type of banking system, Islamic banking attracts serious attention from the business players and regulatory authority as well, around the world. The discussion in this paper includes comparison be¬tween these two systems on several instances; the socio-economic effect of the implementa¬tion of Islamic banking; and its role on the (economic) development. In addition the paper also prescribes the direction and the policy required for developing Islamic bank. Keywords: Islamic banking, Profit and Loss Sharing, community welfare


Chronic pain poses unique challenges for consumer research. Methods such as direct questioning and phenomenology fall short because, in the first instance, pain is so subjective as to elude verbalization. In the second instance, the individual encounter of researcher and subject does not provide enough context to produce generalizable conclusions about the population or the condition as a whole. By means of theory development and case analysis, the present paper illustrates how semiotic ethnography led to deep insights about the existential effects of chronic pain on consumers by decoding the non-verbal discourses consumers project into images, rituals, and the organization of domestic space. By comparing and contrasting consumers at various stages of their pain journey, the study also led to generalizable insights about the chronology of pain's effects on consumer experiences over time. The study contributes new methods to the medical research paradigm and also suggests direction for further research into the nature and treatment of chronic pain. SEMIOTIC ETHNOGRAPHY Semiotics-based ethnography draws from the dual legacies of Saussure's structural linguistics and the structural tradition in French sociology leading from Durkheim (1997 [1893]), and Mauss (2000 [1925]) to Lévi-Strauss (1974 [1963]) and Bourdieu (1998 [1994]). By drawing attention to the role of social codes in the production of meaning, Saussure (2000 [1916]) found that meaning is a social construction, "produced by someone for someone," not a product of nature. Emphasizing parallels between structural linguistics and culture, Lévi-Strauss eschewed the idea of culture as a transcendent, natural order. He interpreted the field site as a text structured by a paradigmatic system of interconnected binary codes. Binary codes structure the shared, normative, and iterable aspects of culture and account for the dialectical nature of cultural categories such as gender (male/female), power (dominant/dominated), or morality (good/ evil). Although Bourdieu criticized structuralism for its overemphasis on universal laws, he nonetheless acknowledged the influence of Lévi-Strauss when he compared the cultural system or habitus to a kind of "language" (op. cit. p. 8). Semiotic ethnography grew out of the debates of American anthropologists such as Sahlins (2004 [1965]), Geertz (1973), and Herzfeld (1983a, b) with structural anthropology in the 1970s and 80s. Though they agreed that, "at least certain aspects of behavior are coded (Joseph 1983, 211)," they underscored the contingent nature of cultural codes in relation to the messy vicissitudes of daily life. It is the semiotic ethnographer's task to reflect upon the emergence and decline of cultural codes over time and expose tensions and contradictions between multiple code systems at play in the site, as between consumers' statements and their ritual behaviors, social interactions, and possessions. Thus the ethnographic disposition is not simply a text, but a kind of performance that stages the intersection of codes, context, and inter-subjectivity in the active production of cultural meaning (Winner 1983). It also puts into play a dialectical relationship between theory and practice, leading Herzfeld (1983a, p. 100) to define semiotic ethnography as the "the pragmatic embodiment of theory." Theory links observable events to their implications for culture as a whole, while the field practice itself exposes ambiguous and even contradictory aspects of the field site which challenge theory. For example, though code theory provides the basis for analyzing culture, humans rarely conform rigidly to these codes in day to day performance. In this sense, semiotic ethnography describes a practice and an epistemological terrain that grounds the Consumer Culture Theory paradigm in consumer research (Arnould and Thompson 2005). RESEARCH DESIGN Twenty-four two-hour ethnographic interviews and observations were conducted across three U.S. markets in the homes of men and women ranging in age from 25 to 65. Respondents were recruited randomly from local telephone directories. The screener specified respondents that had lived with chronic pain for one to ten years and were seeking alternative treatments to the over-the-counter products and prescription drugs they were currently using. We employed a mixed methodology to account for the effects of chronic pain on the semiotic, psychological, and existential dimensions of consumer behavior. The protocol was laddered to move from demographic and lifestyle factors to personality and emotion. It included a projective task designed to elicit symbolic associations between respondents' pain experiences and the symbolism depicted in set of abstract paintings. Research included a semiotic analysis of the layout, traffic flow, and the disposition of goods and pharmaceuticals in the home. CONSUMER LIFESTYLES AND VALUES Historical advertising for pain relief meds, including pharmaceuticals and OTC drugs, reflect the general emphasis of the medical profession on the physical side of chronic pain. Pain is a radiating red spot on the back or joints, causing patients to grimace and limit their movements. In contrast, findings from the current ethnography shed light on the effects of chronic pain on consumers' spiritual lives, what Jung (1960 [1916]) defines as the ability to transcend the moods and minutiae of everyday life and expand their existential connection to the wider world. Regardless of the length of time that they had lived with chronic pain, all respondents had sought purpose and meaning in their lives through volunteering, expressing themselves through arts and crafts, building additions to their homes, and generally making big plans for the future. The onset of chronic pain disrupted their plans. Their unfinished projects were often visible in the home or yard, sad reminders of the havoc that pain had wreaked on their plans. Furthermore, respondents seemed more concerned about the effects of prescription pain medication on their cognition and sense of self than about the physical limitations that pain imposed on their lifestyles. Many of them feared becoming addicted if they took prescription drugs because alcoholism either "ran in their families" or they were recovering from addictions themselves. They typically took excessive dosages of over-the-counter medications such as Ibuprofen instead, and were surprised to learn that exceeding the normal dosage of Ibuprofen had potentially lethal effects on their kidneys. Respondents were very resourceful, developing stratagems to perform daily tasks in spite of their disability. They scooted about the house on stools installed with wheels, they kept two sets of cleaning products, one upstairs and one downstairs, they used "grabber" tools for fetching objects from high shelves, or moved personal items, from medications to foods, to a central location in the family room to avoid walking. They dreaded depending upon family and friends. As 330 / A Semiotic Ethnographic Inquiry into the Existential Effects of Chronic Pain on Consumer Behavior respondents lived with pain over longer periods of time, many still held out hope that they would overcome the pain over time. Still others succumed to depression and listlessness and centered their days on the next dosage of medication. THE SEMIOTICS OF PAIN The image sort exercise prompted respondents to associate pain with the visual elements in a set of Abstract Expressionist paintings, including works by Appel, O'Keefe, Picasso, Mondrian, Kandinsky, Pollack, and Delaney, which focus on the emotional dimensions of visual form rather than specific characters and stories. Respondents picked the top five of the images that best represented pain, on the one hand, and pain relief on the other. Among the five, they consistently ranked at the top two images for pain, including Appel's Angry Landscape (1967) and Delaney's Untitled (1954) and two images for pain relief Georgia O'Keefe's Music Pink and Blue, II, (1918) and Mark Rothko's White Center (Yellow, Pink and Lavender on Rose) (1950) [Figure 1]. Results from the picture sort exercise suggest that the existential effects of pain on consumers far outweigh its physical effects. Figure 1: The Semiotics of Pain Respondents associated the disorderly, rough forms in Angry Landscape with the chaotic, unpredictable, moving, and capricious nature of pain. Only secondarily did they speak of the physical sensation of heat communicated by the color red and the sharp, jabbing experience of pain on the body, as represented by the color yellow and the jagged lines. Respondents compared the black in the background to the effects of pain on the mind as deadening, depressing, and dark. They also identified the menacing, face-like forms top left and right of the image with inner demons that hound them day and night. Black outlines set the faces apart from the surrounding swirl of colors and outline eyes and teeth that threaten the viewer. Respondents identified the color blue with the self, which is being reduced and overrun by the colors they associate with negative experiences. As one respondent put it, "Blue is me being blocked by pain." Respondents also most frequently associated pain with Untitled (1954) by the American artist Beaufort Delaney. Though splashes of red, yellow, and green are toned down by touches of blue and the white background, the overall design is dominated by the chaotic, swirling movement of brush strokes on the canvas. In reaction to this picture, respondents again emphasized the effects of pain on the self rather than the body. Pain causes mental confusion, loss of control, and disorder. It covers up the "blue," i.e. the self, as the lines in this picture cover up the blue color, rendering it a shadow of its former being. From one interview to the next, most respondents associated the same symbols with their various sensory and emotional expe


Experimental results are presented for an investigation of exhaust flow downstream of an unsteady radial turbine powered by pulsed detonation combustion (PDC). Recent research has been conducted on the increased performance of pulsed detonation combustors over constant pressure combustors found in conventional gas turbine engines, specifically with regard to thrust and fuel consumption. Previous experimental work at the Air Force Research Lab demonstrated improved specific power output from a Garrett GT2860RS automotive turbocharger driven by PDC versus steady deflagration combustion (SDC) 2 . The current objective examines the enthalpy in the exhaust flow of a T3 journal bearing turbo driven by a PDC. Exhaust measurements are made for pulsed detonation combustor with and without a turbocharger. Enthalpy measurements are necessary to provide a means of validation for previously determined high speed measurements 2 and would also aid in evaluating efficiency of turbochargers when integrated with PDCs. This includes a discussion of the relationship between turbine performance and PDC operating parameters.


477 freshmen attending 8 colleges affiliated with the churches of Christ responded to questions about their own religious and sexual behaviors, as well as those of their parents and two best friends. Four hypotheses, designed to test the relative influence of parents and peers on the behaviors of adolescents, were advanced in this paper. The religious behaviors of parents and peers were found to be related to both the religious and sexual behaviors of adolescents, although peer religiosity completely overshadows parental religiosity in this regard. This is particulary interesting in that peer religious behaviors (to the best of my knowledge) have not been looked at for potential influence on adolescents' sexual behaviors. Parent and peer sexual behaviors and expectations were also significantly related to adolescents' sexual behaviors, but again peers were the more influential reference group. So strong is peer influence in these data, it is argued that parents no longer constitute an effective reference group by the time adolescents reach college. This holds true for this sample in spite of their being highly religious, a finding that seems to contradict the notion that religiosity extends the influence of parents into the college years. As researchers have looked for variables that would correlate with, if not predict, sexual activity among adolescents, two factors have received consistent and significant support from the literature: 1) the adolescent's religious attitudes and behaviors (an individual or personality factor); and 2) certain characteristics of the adolescent's family and friends (environmental factors). Each tends to be strongly related to the probabilities of transition into sexual activeness.


Scholarship on Hindu traditions and practices proposes the practice of darshan as fundamental to Hindu traditions, particularly in temple worship, observing that devotees seek out images of deities primarily to see them and "receive" their darshan. These works typically gloss the definition of darshan with a sentence or two about seeing, exchanging glances, and/or receiving blessings. In this paper, I focus on the ways in which darshan is ideally imagined in conjunction with other bodily sensory practices through sources of authority, such as texts and senior devotees, to create a specific sensory experience and expectation in the transnational Gaudiya Vaishnava community. I then look to the lived realitiesof darshan in this tradition, specifically how devotees negotiate the structures created through sources of authority in their daily lives. Through this juxtaposition of idealized and lived darshan, I argue that we need a new approach towards theories of practice to take into account the complexities of darshanic moments in this and other religious practices.


The paper deals with a rare type of historical sources — the so-called "legends" or brief historical and ethnographic explanations fit in the remaining sectors of the maps. The information in these "legends" is compared with the data of narrative and documentary sources.


The paper deals with the plausible scenarios of socio-economic development of the national economy, as well as indentifi es the challenges and ways of creating priority socio-economic development territories which are based on the regional clusters of knowledge economy.


The present work focuses on the first steps of María Rosa Alonso as journalist, specifically her collaboration with the newspaper La Tarde. At that time, she was only twenty years old and she dared to write articles under the pseudonym «María Luisa Villalba». At the beginning of the 20th century it was frowned upon for a woman to write in the journals, and in order to avoid problems, principally with her mother, she decided to silence her true identity. Later this work deals with the young writer in the historical context of the first decades of the xxth century, with a comparison with María Joaquina de Viera y Clavijo, a woman who during the Enlightment also carried out works that, at the time, were unexpected for the feminine condition. Her life shares several similarities with the journalist. We focus on the newspaper La Tarde, its history and how the trust that Víctor Zurita, director of that evening journal, placed in the young scholar was decisive for the beginning of a fruitful professional relationship. We present a thematic classification of her articles, in which we include a brief abstract with some personal assessments, always following the chronological order.


Accurate assessment of carotid artery disease by measuring blood flow, plaque deformation and pulse wave velocity using ultrasound imaging requires 3D information. Additionally, the volume rates should be high enough (> 1 kHz) to capture the full range of these fast transient phenomena. For this purpose, we have built a programmable, tileable matrix array that is capable of providing 3D ultrasound imaging at such volume rates. This array contains an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) right beneath the acoustic piezo-stack. The ASIC enables fast programmable switching between various configurations of elements connected to the acquisition system via a number of channels far smaller than the number of transducer elements. This design also allows for expanding the footprint by tiling several of these arrays together into one large array. We explain the working principles and show the first basic imaging results of a 2-by-1 tiled array.


The D-5 format is the first digital component VTR to record non-compressed 10 bit CCIR 601 4:2:2 signals. The format is designed to meet the post production needs of high end users of computer graphics and digital video effects.


Scholars of communication have not dealt kindly with photojournalism. In fact, until recently most had not dealt with it at all. Although academics generally agree that mediated photographs profoundly affect the public's perceptions and understanding, these same images generate relatively little in the way of serious scholarship, especially from those outside the tight confines of visual communication. News photographs are likely to come to us enveloped in myth and nostalgia, curiously separated from both context and history, almost always denuded of original captions, credit lines, and other accompanying textural material. Moreover, the theoretical and historical underpinnings of photojournalism remain little understood and all but ignored in most journalism programs, and few scholars attempt to elucidate the relationship between printed photographs and both history and collective memory. The ten essays compiled by associate professor Bonnie Brennen of the University of Missouri School ofJournalism and Hanno Hardt, professor of journalism and mass communication at the University of Iowa, speak to exactly these issues.Specifically, the authors explore the connection between photojournalism and memory, the impact of photographs on both journalistic practice and public understanding, and the uses and misuses of photographs as documentation and evidence. The essays offer no definitive answers, but rather suggest a variety ofapproaches to comprehend the impact and meaning of both contemporary and historical images. It is an important addition to the literature. It is not, however, a paean to the power, dignity, and truthfulness of photojournalism; on the contrary, the authors reject such ideas as facile and self-serving.The old bromide that photographs are infallible mirrors of the world outside the camera is viewed here as a major impediment to understanding images. Such an explanation, write Hardt and Brennen in the lead essay, "ignores the cultural and political dimensions of seeingand constructing reality." Each essay in this collection, from Monique Berlier's examination of the organization and impact of Edward Steichen's The Family ofMan exhibition at the Museum ofModern Art in January 1955, to David Spencer's analysis of news photography of Canadian military activities during World War I, emphasizes this point. Some, in fact, are far more tendentious, suggesting that ideology or corporate and commercial legerdemain inhabit even the most "realistic" images. "Photojournalism provides a growing body of images that sometimes describe particular aspects of the world," writes Michael Griffin in his essayon war photography, "but more often dramatize and aestheticize the most sensational world events." These powerful and


My task this morning is to review the history and current direction of fuel cell technology development for NASA's human spaceflight program and to compare it to the directions being taken in that field for The Hydrogen Economy. The concept of "The Hydrogen Economy" involves many applications for fuel cells, but for today's discussion, I'll focus on automobiles.


As a type of mass tourism that continues to experience an increasing trend of market interest, marine tourism is a very prospective sector to be developed. Especially in its role to improve the welfare of the community in tourism destinations. This can be a solution for many areas that have marine tourism potential but the community is still not developed, such as the Spermonde Islands in Indonesia. By using quantitative descriptive research methods, measurable data in the form of public opinion on questions asked based on indicators collected, and the extent to which the Spermonde Islands community is involved in the development of marine tourism can be mapped. The results state that in general the people of the Spermonde Islands can be said to have participated in tourism activities even though they are still at a lower level. So, in the future, several strategies are needed to increase community participation.
Keywords: marine tourism; community participation; community development


Cold-formed steel has been recently brought into Malaysian construction. It is a steelwork technology that has high potential to be developed in Malaysia, that can
offers advantages such as fast erection, lightweight, clean and easier construction. This paper reported a series of research studies carried out in UMP for locally
produced cold formed steel sections. The research work included study on the member capacities for lipped C-section and Hat-section, a test for roof truss system member. The objective of this study, which base from the code is practice to analyze several C-cross-section and hat section of steel design from cold formed from different material (Zincalume, Galvanized and Truecore) for its strength to sustain axial load. The interest capacities are compression strength, moment capacity and yield strength. All the studies were based on the requirements of British Standard BS 5950 Part 5 1998. The results of the experimental tests on the proposed cold-formed steel section and roof truss system showed good agreement to the requirements of BS5950 Part 5 1998.


Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Laboratories (ATL), in conjunction with Lockheed Martin Maritime Systems and Sensors and Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Advanced Development Programs, performed a set of experiments in cooperation with the U.S. Navy involving collaborative, unmanned surface, and air vehicle mission execution. Our multi-domain, collaborative research focused on increasing unmanned vehicles' ability to be useful partners in maritime security by effectively using intelligent onboard behaviors, collaborative control, and humansystem interfacing in environments that support limited communications.


Purpose
The purpose of this article is to identify the critical success factors (CSFs) of information technology (IT) projects using cloud computing. CSFs are variables that can influence the success of projects and therefore need to be identified and managed appropriately.

Design/methodology/approach
This is an exploratory qualitative study with 23 experts in cloud computing projects through semi-structured interviews. The data was analyzed using content analysis.

Findings
The results present a list of CSFs for projects in a cloud computing environment. The study demonstrated that the CSF with greater relevance to cloud projects is the team's technical capacity, followed by the support of senior management and the team's soft skills. In addition, results demonstrated that contract item management is a limiting factor for cloud projects.

Research limitations/implications
The sample comprised only Brazilian experts, so it may not represent the same scenario as in other locations. The CSF ratio for cloud computing projects may vary depending on the company's maturity in projects of this nature.

Practical implications
The CSF relationship can guide managers in properly conducting cloud computing projects, contributing to minimizing the risks and challenges that may interfere with the project.

Social implications
The relationship of the CSFs in cloud computing projects proposed fills a gap in studies specifically related to this context and tries to minimize project managers' stress.

Originality/value
Contract items for the cloud context are added to the CSF literature in IT projects, which have not been addressed so far.


......................................................................................................... iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................... iv LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................. viiii LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................. ixx CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ...................................................................... 1 Person-Job Fit ........................................................................................... 4 Theory of Work Adjustment ............................................................. 5 Attraction-Selection-Attrition Framework ......................................... 6 Theory of Vocational Personalities and Work Environments........... 6 Conceptualizations of Fit.........................................................7 Operationalization of PJ fit .............................................................. 8 Outcomes of PJ fit ......................................................................... 10 Antecedents of PJ fit ..................................................................... 14 Models of Employee Well-being .............................................................. 16 The Job Characteristics Model ...................................................... 16 The Job Demands-Resources Model ............................................ 18 Autonomy and Feedback .............................................................. 20 Impact of Job Characteristics and Resource on PJ Fit ............................ 22 PJ fit Framed in the JCM............................................................... 22 PJ fit Framed in the JD-R Model ................................................... 24 Present Study .......................................................................................... 28


An average value modeling of synchronous machine-rectifier system considering the stator resistance is derived in this paper. A proper voltage-behind-reactance synchronous machine model is used for the generator that allows effective calculation of commutation displacement angle. Simulation results are compared with experimental results to verify the accuracy of the average model.


The demand for cheap integrated circuits requires industry to speed up the development of very large scale integration (VLSI) circuits. To achieve a short time to market, it is necessary to follow a " first time right" approach. Therefore, it becomes essential to provide the designer with early and accurate feedback. This is usually done through SPICE simulations. However, to extract the required accurate simulation parameters, it is necessary to layout the circuit. This requires time and software packages costing in excess of $10,000 p.a. This paper will present an automated, fast and cost effective tool to generate a layout from high-level design information in order to extract a SPICE netlist, thus overcoming the problems associated with traditional commercial tools. (


Background: Natural products are rapidly gaining popularity in the medical sector for curing several diseases. The biomedical application of natural products in treating a wide range of systemic diseases including oral diseases has been reported. Previous studies delineated the importance of propolis of foreign origin as a significant pharmacological agent such as antimicrobial, antifungal, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory. For instance, prominent clinical reports concluded an enhanced quality of life with the use of propolis in cancer patients with mucositis, whereas an adverse effect was invoked after radiotherapy or chemotherapy. These reports delineated its efficacy as a safe and therapeutic natural product modality in cancer patients to prevent mucositis. However, there are no reports to delineate whether the isolated chemical extracts or constitutions of Indian propolis can exhibit disease curing efficacy against several systemic and oral microbial diseases.

 Objective: The current review emphasized the origin, and properties of Indian propolis and the diverse bio-pharmacological applications of its different solvent extracts.

Material and Methods: Studies on Indian propolis, its "phyto-constituents," "pharmacology," in vitro activity on "oral pathogens", and its application in dentistry searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases up to December 2020.

Results: The search identified 72 records; 21 full-text articles which met the eligibility criteria were assessed and studied.

Conclusion: The antimicrobial efficacy of this "nontoxic" resinous material in various bio dental pharmacologies with recent clinical and preclinical reports was delineated which benefits medical doctors, dentists, and researchers to execute further research.


In the world today,fine penalty is widely used,which embodies mitigation of criminal penalty.Influenced by this tendency,fine penalty has been applied in a wider scope in China. But "uselessness "phenomenon of fine penalty is widespread,which seriously affects the function of fine penalty. In order to solve this problem,different countries in the world has taken various countermeasures one after another,among which exchanged fine penalty is generally recognized as greatly effective. In China,exchanged fine penalty can be applied for the purpose of solving the trouble of execution of fine penalty.


In 1875, Gustav Haenel described a number of twelfth-century commentaries and glosses on the title De regulis iuris of the Digest, some of them being an-notations of Bulgarus' celebrated apparatus and others, independent writings. Among the latter, a lemmatic commentary contained in a MS then owned by himself — now Leipzig, Univ. MS Haen. 12, fol. 25ff. — is of especial interest: as Haenel showed, the commentator may have had some ecclesiastical background and evidently was connected with Cologne or Mainz. It therefore comes as a pleasant confirmation of Haenel's cautious deductions that the author can be identified as Master Bertram, Bishop of Metz (sed. 1180–1212), and a member of the circle of Gerard Pucelle, the English master whose importance for the short-lived school of Cologne has been recently discussed.


The public defense on 24th April 2020 at 13:00 will be organized via remote technology.
Link: https://aalto.zoom.us/j/291206096
Zoom Quick Guide: https://www.aalto.fi/en/services/zoom-quick-guide


In this introductory chapter for the Thematic Working Group " Mathematics teacher knowledge, beliefs, and identity " (TWG20) at CERME9, we address the main issues discussed during our working sessions. We aim to provide a critical and broader view on the work being done, including the work undertaken at previous conferences , although not extensively. We also seek to take a new look at areas of potential improvement with regard to the focus of, discussion about, and problems inherent to research in the area of teacher knowledge, beliefs and identity, all with the goal of improving teacher education and practices. This paper brings to the forefront some critical features of this area of research and aims to contribute to the genesis of a new focus on our research and a new vision of our own roles as researchers and teacher educators.


Abstract:This article compares and contrasts the assumptions and motivations behind the American public library movement in the nineteenth century to the assumptions and motivations behind the digital library movement of the 1990s and early 2000s. It suggests that although the motivations between these two initiatives were starkly different, their motivations dovetail within the more recent phenomenon of large-scale digitization of the sort pursued by the Google Books Library Project and the Internet Archive. The article also interrogates the role of the public (or lack thereof) in the initial shaping of all three phenomena: public libraries, digital libraries, and large-scale digitization initiatives.


In order to overcome the toxicity and long-term stability of hybrid organic/inorganic Pb-based halide perovskites, which are believed to be the key obstacles for their utilization in optoelectronic...


BACKGROUND
Achieving adequate growth in preterm newborns through enteral feeding is one of the most important aspects of providing medical assistance in neonatal intensive care units due to not only improved outcomes (the prevention of complications such as necrotizing enterocolitis) but also the evaluation of the well-known consequences of adequate weight gain beyond metabolism and cognitive abilities later in life.

METHODS
In our study, we evaluated how the impact of delayed full enteral feeding could influence the entity of extrauterine growth restriction. We retrospectively analyzed the data of preterm subjects from a neonatal intensive care unit anonymous database.

RESULTS
We detected significant correlations between delayed full enteral feeding as well as prolonged parenteral nutrition and extrauterine growth restriction.

CONCLUSIONS
The achievement of full enteral feeding in the shortest possible time may be reasonably considered an important aspect in preterm newborn care.


which have proved the existence of blood groups, their fixity, and their hereditability. Perhaps the most frequent forensic application of these ascertained facts is that in which blood grouping has been invoked in cases of disputed paternity. The blood groups of mother and child having been determined as Groups 0 and B respectively, an alleged father would be excluded should it be shown that he belonged to Group A. Group B could not possibly appear in children of an A and 0 mating. It is obvious that blood grouping tests can never positively identify the father, that they cannot do more than show that the blood group of the alleged father is consistent with paternity. Since 83% of all blood belongs to Groups 0 and A in approximately equal proportions, and 17% to Groups B and AB, there must be many persons other than the father whose blood group would fit the groupings of mother and child. A man who fails in repeated blood grouping tests, however, can definitely and without doubt be eliminated as the father. Blood grouping tests have also been employed to help in establishing the guilt or innocence of persons charged with certain crimes. In the urgent problem of affixing the guilt for murder, the test becomes valuable when blood stains on the clothing of a suspect can be shown to belong to the same group as the blood of the victim and to a different group from that of the suspect. In this situation a defence that the stains upon the clothing of the accused persons were those of his or her own blood would be nullified. Blood grouping tests also assume importance when a child is claimed by two sets of parents, and could conceivably be required to resolve the difficult situation which might arise in a busy maternity hospital if there should be any ground for suspicion that babies had been allotted to the wrong mothers in a period of exceptional stress.


Visum et Repertum (VER ) to victims of sexual violence to the doctor who requested VeR is the case of allegations of sexual intercourse, punishable by the KUHP. The high number of the case attract attention and make worry the society. This study aims to determine description of VeR of sexual intercouse and and allegation of sexual intercouse at the forensic department. Dr.. M. Djamil Padang.
Descriptive studies have been conducted using medical record data from woman who have VeR of sexual intercouse and allegation of sexual intercouse who come to Forensic Dr. M. Djamil Padang during the period January 1st, 2007 until December 31st, 2013, using a total sampling as sampling techniques so that the entire population is an existing sample.
Results of the research in that case found 256 cases, with the highest percentage 26.17% in 2010. Types of cases mostly happened to underage women with percentage 30.47%, with an average age between 12-15 years (28.53%). So that, many cases happened to adolescent because there are many factor influence that incident, such as their social life, and negligence of parents. Cases with pregnancy were examined, found 3.52% cases positive. Population density is proportional to the number of cases, 48.44% of cases handle in the District Police Sector Padang. VeR of sexual violence, found 66.02% case were accordance with the results of the examination. And 52.37% case with examination more than 6 days after the incident. This was due to delays in reporting and the victim or any examination due to several factors.


The University of Southern California (USC) Center for Enrollment Research, Policy, and Practice, dedicated to research and action that advances the societal benefit of enrollment policies and practices in higher education, sought to shed light on professional preparation, career path and development issues related to chief admission officers and enrollment managers.1 Literature on these elements for some categories of educational professionals is readily available. For instance, research-based publications exist regarding the preparation of pre-school and early childhood teachers (Lobman et al 2004, Isenberg 2000), educational preparation programs for middle-level teachers (McEwin and Dickinson 1995), the preparation and professional development needs of school principals and superintendents (Grogan and Andrews 2002), and necessary competencies and attitudes for community college chief academic officers (Townsend and Bassoppo-Moyo 1997).


Objective: To study the stress distribution in bone around implants of different prosthesis material for implant-supported fixed bridge. Method: By the 3-dimensional finite element method, the biomechanical models of the implant-supported fixed bridge with acrylic resin, Targis/Vectris, porcelain and gold alloy were established, calculated, analyzed. Result: Stress seemed to be concentrated at the cortical bone around the implants on every model, and acrylic resin produced the lowest stress value, , Targis/Vectris, porcelain did lower , the highest stress was created by gold alloy. Conclusion: The modulus of elasticity of prosthesis materials can influence the stress in bone, the material with lower modulus of elasticity may protect the cortical bone around the neck of implant, and may be Targis/Vectris was the optimal material for dental implant.


Background: Liver cancer is one of the most common types of cancer, in which early detection plays a significant role in preventing progression and reducing mortality. Ultrasound is one of the methods of liver examination recommended by guidelines due to its performance in detecting focal liver lesions. These small lesions may be missed in the early stages or diagnosed only when the prognosis is poor. Objectives: This study aimed to implement the best classification model for two liver stages by extracting optimal feature subsets to be used in computer-aided diagnosis systems (CAD). Methods: The model classifies the liver into two stages using B-mode ultrasound images of the liver. It involves extracting statistical texture features utilizing Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM). This study applied two feature selection methods: T-test and Sequential Forward Floating Selection (SFFS). The subset of selected features was presented to the k-nearest neighbor classifier for incorporation into a CAD system. Results: The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the k-NN classifier were 98.75%, 98.82%, and 99.1%, respectively. Conclusions: Image analysis approaches were successfully performed to extract and select useful features. Therefore, this model is recommended for classifying two liver stages, normal and HCC.


This study aims to examine how to make decisions of Gen Z influence of the current COVID-19 public health crisis on consumer risk perceptions, and what is more significant is how risk perceptions have the potential to influence tourist post-crisis recovery travel behavior. The research sample had 250 respondents. Baby Boomers, Gen Xers, and Millennials value input from their Gen Z kids. Gen Z is an individual from the most recent generation born between 1995 and early 2012. Multiple linear regression analysis was employed in this quantitative study. The result was: (1) Perceived Risk has no effect on Gen Z Travel Decision which a coefficient value is 0.061 (2) e-WOM Argument Quality (Online Review) has significantly influenced Gen Z Travel Decision which a coefficient value of 0.394 (3) Price has no effect on Gen Z Travel decision which the coefficient value is 0.375. The goal of the growth strategy is to increase sales, assets, earnings, or a combination of the three. This can be done through reducing costs, creating new items, improving the quality of existing products or services, or gaining access to a larger market. That approach may be used in other places that could become popular tourist destinations.


This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of compensation, work environment on employee performance at PT. Mustika Ratu Tbk Ciracas, East Jakarta. The data collection technique used was to spread questionnaires. The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the study using multiple linear regression analysis showed that compensation and work environment had a positive and significant effect on the employee performance of PT. Mustika Ratu. Compensation has a positive and significant effect on the performance of employee PT. Mustika Ratu, while the work environment has a positive and significant effect on the employee performance of PT. Mustik Ratu. Thus the hypothesis in this study is that it is assumed that compensation and work environment have a positive and significant effect on the employee performance of PT. Mustika Ratu.


Knowledge and curing art of traditional folk medicine on Aguni Island in Okinawa were studied in relation to their practical significance in the present life. Thirteen informants were asked of the semantics and practical use of 12 conceptual words meaning "coolness and/or fatigue" in their traditional etiology. A cluster analysis classified them into three groups: Group A consisting of the words which solely mean "fatigue"; group B of those with more complicated meanings for physical conditions, together with "coolness"; group C of only "siira" which has many meanings concerning unhealthy conditions. The words of groups B and C express more serious conditions to be cured than those of group A. The fact that the words of groups B and C are used less frequently at present suggests that the decrease of their use has taken place in modernization of lifestyle. In regard to their traditional curing art, 24 vernacular names for skin diseases were selected to confirm the symptom contents and concrete ways of treatment. They were classified into five types: use of plants, animals, and other materials; elimination of the affected parts; removal of "bad blood"; magic; and natural cure without any treatment. The curing arts which have been preserved and thus are still used are exclusively practiced by specific curers and their basic concept is dominated by supernatural cosmology.


NaCrGe 2 O 6 and NaCrSi 2 O 6 are isostructural compounds exhibiting different magnetic ground state. NaCrGe 2 O 6 adopts a ferromagnetic ground state with Tc =6 K, whereas NaCrSi 2 O 6 orders antiferromagnetically below T N =3.4 K. Although it has been proposed that the intriguing magnetic behavior in Cr-based pyroxenes involves competition between antiferromagnetic direct exchange and ferromagnetic super-exchange interactions - a delicate balance that is sensitive to Cr-Cr distance and local distortion, no spectroscopy study has been done to determine the microscopic interactions in these compounds. To delve deeper on the evolution from ferromagnetism to antiferromagnetism, we performed a doping-dependent study to investigate how the substitution of Ge by Si affects the magnetic properties of NaCrSi x Ge 2 − x O 6 ( x =0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2). Neutron diffraction and magnetization measurements show that replacing larger Ge with smaller Si simultaneously suppresses the ferromagnetic order. The lattice constants and the unit-cell volume contract, i.e., chemical pressure effect, and the Cr-Cr distance within the chain gradually decreases with increasing Si-doping. High resolution inelastic neutron scattering studies of the spin waves of NaCrGe 2 O 6 and NaCrSi 2 O 6 indicate that replacing Ge with Si has profound effect to the intrachain coupling, whereas it has neglectable effect to the interchain couplings. We compare our results, which indicate NaCrGe 2 O 6 is magnetic quasi-1D and NaCrSi 2 O 6 is 3D, with LiCr(Si,Ge) 2 O 6 where LiCrSi 2 O 6 is proposed to be magnetic quasi-1D and LiCrGe 2 O 6 is 3D, and discuss the different behavior in magnetic dimensionality crossover in the context of how substituting Ge with Si fine-tunes the relative ratio between the intrachain and interchain couplings that defines the magnetic dimensionality in these materials.


A novel technique has been suggested for synthesis of highly dispersed oxide powders. The method is based on the treatment of aqueous solution of a multivalent metal nitrate (or chloride) by anion-exchange resin in the OH^− form. The presented technique yields a stable colloid solution of the corresponding hydroxide with concentration up to 1 M. The subsequent freeze-drying and thermal dehydration results in very fine powder of metal oxide. The individual and multicomponent oxides obtained by the cryosol method were shown to possess unusual properties due to their high dispersity and chemical homogeneity.


Exercise is receiving substantial and increasing attention as a potential treatment for depression. Despite the many positive meta-analytical findings and recommendations of some guidelines to incorporate exercise as a treatment for depression (National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, 2009), most clinical trials have significant methodological flaws that limit the generalizability of their findings (Daley, 2008; Rethorst et al., 2009). Furthermore, recent meta-analyses show that, when only robust clinical trials are included, the effects of exercise are "moderate at best" or statistically insignificant (Rimer et al., 2012).


end-of-life issues. The study was undertaken in three distinct research sites in the Republic of Croatia and involved health care staff participants (physicians and nurses) from six health care institutions (six NICUs and six PICUs). A total of 21 physicians and 25 nurses participated in eight focus groups. Analysis revealed two main themes, that were equal among professional groups as well as NICU and PICU units. Theme critically ill child consisted of child, family, myself, and other professionals subthemes. Theme end-of-life procedures consisted of subthemes: breaking point, decision-making, end-oflife procedures, 'spill-over' and the four walls of the ICU. Perceptions and experiences of end-of-life issues by nurses and physicians working in NICU and PICU share multiple common characteristics. Interrelatedness of high emotional and cognitive demands and burden associated with end-of-life issues in this setting seems to have a significant influence on personal and professional lives of professionals. Additionally, high variability of end-of-life applied procedures, and various difficulties experienced during shared decision-making process, stresses the need for developing guidelines that will inform such a practice, while considering specific perspectives of everyone involved.


The purposes of this research are to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of an upstream/downstream control system applied to research units and to overcome the problems faced by the delay and the low achievement of expenditure realization occurring in prior years. The study uses qualitative methodologies, leveraging questionnaire survey data from 121 budget managers from the highest to the operational-manager levels. Furthermore, our triangulation technique is deepened with interviews, secondary document analysis, and a literature review. Effectiveness analysis of control systems is achieved by referring to the levers-of-control (LoC) theory framework. The analysis of managerial accounting information quality uses characteristic dimensions developed by Chenhall and Morris. We obtain evidence that the implementation of an upstream/downstream control system can change the pattern of budget realization achievement in all work units. The applied control system incorporates four elements from the LoC. Notably, the diagnostic system and interactive controls can effectively improve the performance of budget realization. As perceived by budget managers, the information generated via the diagnostic control systems can provide quality information that encourages interactive systems to function better. Interaction between elements in this system can further boost organizational performance. This research shows that the implementation of a management control system applied to a research unit can solve the problem of delays and low achievement of budget realization performance. Thus, it can be used as reference for other government organizations in Indonesia. Keywords—management control system, budget realization performance, levers of control


J.P. Delahaye and J.P. Potier CERN-PS CH 1211 Geneva 23 other bunches circulating in the inner side of the septum without any field (fig. l-d). A simple scheme is proposed which allows a dense filling of individual bunches in rings with separation between . . ,A, ,-y. ,-y, .,"-, , ,,d following bunches shorter than the rise and fall time of the \.', '4' 1 '4, ' '6' ' 'A' 6 'Lb' 'D injection or extraction kickers which is the usual limitation. It Time m bunch repairion period I bunch number therefore permits a significant reduction of the minimum Figure I-a RF dipole deflection on tie different bunches circumference of facilities such as accumulators or damping rings where each bunch has to be injected or extracted individually or conversely to accomodate more bunches in the ~ 11 ,--. same circumference. _ / '* '. I It is based on a local orbit deformation close to the septum 2 3 Q 1 2 3 . 5 1 7 8 0 10 which is modulated from bunch to bunch with FZF transverse Tune in bunch repetitia period I bunch number deflectors working at a sub-harmonic of the bunch repetition l?gure I-b past kicker detlectlon on the dltterent bunches frequency. 51 The principle of this very general scheme, after analysis %. o i z of its implications and limitations, is applied as an example to the damping rings of the CLIC and TESLA Linear :! 5 = =a ,(I E O Collider studies. 4: + ; Tie in bunch repetition period / bunch number 1. DESCRIPTION OF THE SCHEME tYgure l-c 'l'otal detlection on the dit'ferent bunches 1 .I. RF local bump using sub-harmonic defectors In order to illustrate the principle of the scheme, let us assume bunches to be extracted at a regular time interval equal to half of the rise or fall time T of the fast kicker. A set of 2 RF transverse deflectors powered at a period equal to ? is placed in the accelerator ring at n betatron phase advance ~~~~, c de Co2 with identical deflections such that their kicks cancel each &/as! hcker Space between the dellectors &farr kicker other ouLside this area. They produce a local bump whose Figure l-d Bunches trajectories in real space with RF dipoles amplitude is modulated from bunch to bunch. Figure l-a and fast kickers shows the deflection seen by the different bunches and fig. The residual oscillation of the circulating bunches is l-d the corresponding trajectories in real space.. cancelled by an identical ensemble of RF transverse deflectors and kicker magnet at 1~ betatron phase advance. 1.2 Fast extraction using a combination of an RF transverse dejlectors and a fast kicku 1.3 Reduction of the bunches distance Taking advantage of the modulation of the oscillation amplitude from bunch to bunch, one particular bunch can be extracted by a combination of RF transverse deflectors and fast kickers with a rise and fall time double of the bunch interval. Phasing the maximum deflection of the fast kicker on bunch 4 as shown on fig. l-b strongly amplifies its overall amplitude of oscillation with respect to that of the others (fig. l-c). Introducing a septum magnet at the location of maximum amplitude allows the extraction of this particular bunch falling in the field area of the septum without affecting all the The distance between bunches can be further reduced using the same RF dipole frequency and the same fast kicker rise time but at the expense of a larger RF transverse deflector amplitude as shown on fig. 2-a to 2-c. Another way to reduce the bunch distance without increasing the RF transverse deflector strength too much is to add a second pair of RF transverse deflectors working at a harmonic of the previous one. As an example, on fig. 3-a and 3-b, a system consisting of 2 pairs of RF transverse deflectors powered at subharmonic 2 and 4 of the bunch repetition frequency allows one to reduce the bunch distance by a factor 4 as compared to the usual fast kicker system.


Field test and laboratory analog model test on the stress-relief effects of protective layer extraction are time-consuming and laborious. In this paper, on the basis of full consideration of rock heterogeinity and in combination with gas geology at Pingdingshan Mine 5, a numerical model was estalished with the gas-solid coupling rock failure process analysis system RFPA-Gas to simulate the stress variation law, roof and floor deformation, fracture evolution law, displacement in the protected seam, change in gas permeability and gas migration law during protective layer extraction. The simulation results repoduced stress variations in coal and rock strata, roof and floor deformation and fracture evolution process during protective layer extraction. The movement of rock strata were characterized by upper three zones and lower two zones: caving zone, fracture zone and bending subsidence zone in the vertical direction in the overlying strata; floor deformation and failure zone and elasto-plastic deformation zone in the vertical direction in the underlying strata. It showed that stress relief occurred in the protected seam, which led to vertical and horizontal displacements, significant increase in gas permeability, gas desorption and migration. Hence, the outburst threat in the protected seam was eliminated. Meanwhile, with comprehensive analysis of variaition of stress state, deformation characteristics and fracture distribution in coal seam and with consideration of changes in gas leakage rate, gas pressure and permeability, according to gas leakage rate, the floor strata of the protecive layer were divided into four leakage zones. They corresponded to four zones with different stress states and fracture development: original leakage zone - slow reducing leakage zone – dramatic increasing leakage zone– steady increasing leakage zone. This classification provides a clear direction for gas control in the protective layer. The simulation results are in good agreement with the stress-relief effects in field.


The smoothing of cloud points is an important topic in the field of digital geometry processing.Applications based on huge sampled points require fast processing speed and high quality smoothing quality.The traditional CPU based methods deal with every point in a serial manner which leads to great time consumption.a novel approach using graphics processing units(GPUs) is proposed for cloud points smoothing processors in this paper.Many covariance matrices are organized into a large scale spare matrix that is compressed in several textures.The least eigenvalues and corresponding eigenvectors of the matrices are calculated in pixel programs using GPU which has the powerful parallel processing capability.Then the smoothing speed and normal direction can be determined.Experiments are conducted in a PC with the GeForce 8600GTS graphic card.The results show that the efficiency of smoothing processing is improved greatly by using the GPU-based algorithm.Therefore,they well support the applications of the fast processing of cloud points.


Li metal was electrodeposited and electrochemically dissolved on an ultra-micro-electrode to model the transition of morphology and three-dimensional structure of a Li metal electrode during cycles. The first electrodeposition produced a uniform and dense column structure, but solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) remained on the electrode during the next electrochemical dissolution. The accumulation of the SEI residue obstructs the uniform electrodeposition of Li metal in the following cycles and increases resistance, accelerating the degradation of the electrode and causing the isolated Li metal to form the "dead lithium".


With the increased tendency of multinational corporations (MNCs) to disperse their
research and development (R&D) activities over various countries, the integration
of the dispersed R&D knowledge via knowledge transfer across cultural borders becomes
crucial for understanding and managing MNCs. The chapter describes an
investigation of knowledge transfer processes between R&D facilities of Akzo Nobel
Car Refinishes (ANCR) in The Netherlands, the United States, and India. It inspects
the barriers involved by hypothesizing and testing how specific scores on dimensions
of national culture affect particular aspects of knowledge transfer. The main objective
of the research is, via the situation of ANCR, to explore the information value and
workability of linking culture and knowledge transfer as described previously. The
research confirms the notion that cross-cultural knowledge transfer can be and very
often is problematic, but it also provides that notion with a more positive outlook.
The research shows that cultural differences are not just barriers to knowledge transfer,
but may also provide a stimulus to learn from and with others in other cultures.
Contrary to what is commonly suggested in the literature, the case study shows that
cultural differences increase the difficulties of transferring explicit knowledge but the
increase is smaller for those associated with the transfer of tacit knowledge.