In this paper, direct torque control (DTC) of a three-phase permanent magnet (PM) brushless AC (BLAC) motor having one phase open-circuit fault is described. An extra inverter leg is employed to provide the current path during the fault operation. The new flux estimation algorithm for the faulty motor is presented. The simulation results show that the proposed DTC yields satisfactory torque and flux control. The performance of the developed system is verified by experiments on a prototype system. In addition, the influence of low pass filter, sampling time delay, as well as the unbalanced phase back-emf waveforms is investigated, while the difference in DTC performance between healthy and faulty systems is also discussed and corresponding simulated and measured results presented.


In this paper, video software and the application program interface (API) were applied in capture the egg picture. The grade of eggs (weight and fresh degree) were detected by the mode of software after noise elimination, edge examination and characteristic value withdraw. The results obtained from the trial device on VFW showed that the weight error margin of egg was between-0.9 g and 0.9 g. The fresh accurate rates of white and brown hull were 86.5% and 83.6% respectively, which could basically meet the egg test requirements.


In the present paper, using the thin discontinuous Co films as examples we have investigated the influence of the shape of magnetic particles on the magneto-optical and optical properties of the nano-dispersive structures. Obtained results have confirmed the significant change of the components of the tensor of effective dielectric permittivity and subsequently of the magneto-optical and optical properties which was brought about by the change of the shape of magnetic particles. These calculations proved that if we take into account the shape of the particles, we will achieve a good agreement between the experimental results and the theoretical calculations.


Recent evidence increasingly suggests that ulcerative colitis (UC) is the result of dysfunctional immunoregulation manifested by an inappropriate production of mucosal cytokines. An abnormal microcirculatory system has also been implicated in its pathogenesis. The objective of this study was to assessed serum concentrations of soluble L-selectin (sL-selectin) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the plasma level of endothelin-1(ET-1) in the patients with UC, compared with healthy controls, and to analyze the results depending on the stage of the disease. This study was conducted on two groups of subjects, the patient group including 30 patients with active ulcerative colitis (UC), and the control group which included 15 healthy volunteers. We assessed serum sL-selectin, VEGF and Plasma ET-1 Level at the beginning of the study in patients and controls then measured again in patients after remission. The levels of sL-selectin, VEGF, and ET-1 were significantly higher in active UC than those in the controls (p < 0.001). But in remission there was no significant difference between UC patients and controls in VEGF and ET-1 levels. We also found that serum Level of sL-selectin, VEGF, and Plasma Level of ET-1 were significantly higher in patients with active UC compared with patients in remission (p < 0.001). In addition, it is shown that UC patients in remission have significantly lower levels of sL-selectin than controls. There was a significant positive correlation among the serum levels of VEGF and the plasma level of ET-1; that is, elevated VEGF, and ET-1 levels correlated well with each other in active UC patients (r= 0.631, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The most common form of the disease observed in our patient population was of mild to moderate severity. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, including sL-selectin, VEGF, and ET-1 appear to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). Their levels were higher during exacerbation while it is low in periods of remission in UC patients.


Didactic game is a multifaceted complex pedagogical phenomenon: it is the playing method of teaching and learning children, independent gaming activity, mean of all-round education of a child's personality. In educational institutions, the educational games are held usually in order to repeat, pin and check under-standing of the studied material. The use of didactic games received its greatest impetus in connection with the application of computers in educational process. Computer educational games become means of formation of students' computer literacy, learning programming languages, formation of work with computers. The paper deals with classification of didactic games, analysis of existing didactic computer games.


We describe the first in situ search for Jovian X radiation with a dedicated X ray instrument. Upper limits to Jupiter's X ray power in the 27-48 keV range are presented using data taken by the gamma ray burst experiment on the inbound Ulysses trajectory, at distances between 163 and 110 RJ. The data were analyzed using three methods for detection of (1) a steady flux, (2) a flux linked to System III rotation, and (3) a sporadic flux. The 3σ upper limits lie between 1.1 × 108 and 5.6 × 108 W. The results are consistent with the idea that the bulk of the Jovian UV auroral emissions are due to energetic electrons, while the previously observed low-energy X radiation is due to ion precipitation.


Samuel Coleridge-Taylor's mixed-black heritage, which easily could have remained a social handicap in 19th century Victorian England, may arguably have boosted his career during a time when Africanheritage music and artists became fashionable amongst the European and American public. That is not to say that Samuel Coleridge-Taylor's world was not imbued with racial prejudice – born a mere 43 years after England's Slavery Abolition Act of 1833, his three visits to America brought him in contact with the segregation experienced daily by African Americans. Nevertheless, when Antonin Dvořák's New World Symphony (1893) sought to establish an American school of music upon the melodies of Negro and Native American songs, black American musicians and composers rode on the tidal waves of Dvořák's success. They were able, for the first time, to see the significance of their musical heritage. It is significant to note that while this black cultural revolution was brewing in America, Samuel Coleridge-Taylor was operating overseas in England. Nor was he, at first, transforming African and African American music into high art. Yet his career and rise to fame were intertwined with the ongoings in America, and without Dvořák and black activists giving a voice to African American musicians and composers, it is plausible that many of Samuel Coleridge-Taylor's works would have never come into fruition. One of these works was his Violin Concerto op. 80, the last finished work before his untimely death at the age of 37. This project will argue that the African American musical and political scene between 1893 and 1920 helped the creation of ColeridgeTaylor's Violin Concerto. Show full item record


The 3-(p-Methylbenzyl)-4-(4-methylthiobenzylidenamino-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-one Schiff base was synthesized for investigated some theoretical properties. Firstly, the molecule was optimized with density functional theory (DFT) method and at the 6-311++G(d,p) basis set of Gaussian 09 program. From the optimized geometry of the molecule, the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy and thermodynamics properties (heat capacity CV0, entropy S0 and enthalpy H0), electronic calculations (global hardness (η), electron affinity (A), electronegativity (χ), ionization potential (I), softness (σ)), dipole moments, bond lengths, bond angles, the mulliken charges, the molecular surface maps (molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), the electron density, MEP contour and the total density), the energy gap (ΔEgap = ELUMO-EHOMO), IR vibrational frequency, the electric dipole moment, the static polarizability (α) and the static first-order hyperpolarizability (β) values were calculated with B3LYP/ 6-311++G (d, p). Finally, the 1H NMR and 13C-NMR chemical shift values was calculated with gauge independent atomic orbital (GIAO) method. All theoretical spectral data were compared with experimental data obtained from the literature and regression analysis graphs were drawn.


Summary High-resolution seismic surveys carried out in different parts of the Caspian over the past 20 years have provided fundamentally new material on the structure of the upper part of the sedimentary cover. These works allowed to identify vertical destructive zones confined to areas of development of abnormally high pressures. These destructive zones are associated with the vertical movement of fluid and its discharge from the deep strata to the upper weakly lithified quaternary deposits in the bottom part of the section, with the formation of so-called "sedimentary dykes".


The discussion of hypothetical bias has been an important aspect of the development of stated preference non-market valuation techniques. A variety of sources of hypothetical bias have been discussed in the literature, but no research has been done on the possible bias introduced by the actual form of the bid. The possibility exists that respondents may react to bids in round dollars differently than to bids that include both dollar and cent amounts. We test whether the use of a precise versus imprecise bid design influences respondent's willingness to pay, and show that bid imprecision does indeed introduce hypothetical bias.


Because ofhigher assembling density, better electrical andmechanical performances andhigher reliability thanother package styles, moreandmoreBGA package styles arewidely andsuccessfully used. Microcrack induced byprocess stress becomes oneofthecritical factors which affect yield andlongtermreliability ofBGA solder joints. It becomesmoreserious withtheapplication ofleadfree soldering because leadfree solder alloy havehigher stiffness andlowerductibility compared withthetraditional SnPb solder alloy. SoPb-free boards aremoresusceptible topad crater microcrackdueto flexure forshocking and manufacturing compared withSnPbboards. Thelong-term reliability ofBGAjoints maybegreatly decreased duetothe crack intheBGA joints. Uptonow,crack mechanism and howtoreduce crackhavenotbefully understood. The possible reasons whichmay introduce thecrackare investigated inthis paper. Thevarious process stresses during theprocess ofassembly orhandling PCBarefocused onin this paper. A practical computer mainboardwithaCPU BGA often fails duetomicrocrack. Toaimatthis problem, three experiments aredesigned andtested underdifferent operation mannersandprocesses situation withthe application ofstrain gage. First, thestrains ofCPU Socket result fromin-circuit testes aremeasured under different test times. Theresults showthemicrocrack isthepotential risk according toIntel company's acceptance criterion. Second, thestrains generated fromprocess stress ofhanding PCBare measured andcompared withvarious handling manners. Result showsimproper operation mannerwillintroduce microcrack directly. Third, theprocess stress results from installing battery andPCcard arealso reviewed. Todeal with these problems, anovel integrative solution withoptimal test fixture clampandsetup, proper handing manner, reasonable integration methodandsetupisplanned andverified. Experimental datashowsnostrains exceed theacceptance criterion. Fromtheaboveexperimental results, ICTprocess, mechanical assembly process, functional test, handing PCB arethemainsource ofexcess process stresses whichinduce micro crack. Adhesive application asanadditional method is investigated. Thismethod proves tobeaneffective wayto reduce thestrain; asaresult, crack intheBGAjoints maybe largely reduced or eveneliminated effectively. These experimental results canprovide useful guidance tothe practical manufacturing process. Moreresearches oncrack should beconducted toreduce crackandimprove the long-term reliability ofBGA.


Ever since I extracted, magician-like, that bulbous tick from your ear canal, dangled it at forceps' end, legs wiggling crazily before your leathered face, which lit up screaming Aiii-EEEE! (Navajo for YIKES!, I guess), then laughed when I wrapped your tormentor in gauze, set it on the tile floor, made you stomp it to tick heaven, and you re-donned your old silk shawl, knotted tight at the jaw, covering your debugged ear, you kept all your appointments faithfully, trusted my word, even called me your son.


Nighttime light (NTL) is a critical indicator of urban vitality and development. Using NTL as a representation of urban vitality and development, the study explores how different fresh-made beverage shops, namely boba and coffee shops, proxy various facets of urban vitality and development in four megacities in China. Existing studies mostly discuss urban vitality as a broad concept and seldom investigate the diverse urban vitality and development represented by different indicators. This study selects Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen as case study regions and explores (1) their urban vitality pattern represented by NTL. (2) the heterogeneous spatial distribution of boba and coffee shops; (3) how boba and coffee shops represent urban vitality differently; and (4) how boba and coffee shops portray the economy and population growth aspect of urban development differently. We acquired NTL data from remote sensing images to measure urban vitality and development. Cross-sectionally, the majority of urban vitality and development represented by NTL concentrates in urban centers. The distribution of coffee shops assimilates the spatial pattern of urban vitality represented by NTL while boba shops have a greater spatial extent in metropolitan fringes. Longitudinally, from 2012 to 2020, the global and local bivariate Moran's I analysis between NTL and beverage shops shows that the coffee shops capture urban vitality and development better than boba shops in Beijing, while the pattern is reversed in Guangzhou and Shenzhen. Examining the evolving spatial dynamics between beverage shops' growth and urban development using bivariate Moran's I and Getis–Ord Gi/Mann–Kendall emerging hot spot analysis, we found that the locations with the most intense economic growth have seen the most spatial expansion of coffee shops. In contrast, those with the fastest population growth have seen the greatest spatial development of boba businesses. These results indicate that coffee shops represent the economic aspect of urban vitality while boba shops emphasize the population growth aspects. By examining the dynamic spatio–temporal relationship between small beverage shops and urban vitality and development represented by NTL data, this study broadens the usage of remote sensing data in urban studies and expands on previous research and offers insights for urban planners and geographers to reference when choosing indicators of urban vitality and growth.


Zinc oxide (ZnO)–gold (Au) nanostructures have been extensively studied for their photocatalytic performance. However, there are still certain open questions remaining, such as the photocatalysis of Au@ZnO core–shell nanostructures under ultraviolet (UV) light and the correlation between their photocatalytic and photoluminescence properties. In this study, we have produced a series of Au@ZnO nanostructures with the Au core surrounded by small ZnO nanocrystallines. The strong visible emission in the green light region of the small ZnO nanocrystallines enables an internal bidirectional electron transfer between Au and ZnO, including the transfer from the defect level of ZnO to the Fermi level of Au, and the excited electrons in Au through surface plasmon resonance absorption of the ZnO green emission to the conduction band of ZnO. The electron circulation induces increased UV and quenched visible emissions. We demonstrate that such Au@ZnO possesses remarkably enhanced UV photocatalytic capability. This study may have provided a deeper understanding of the mechanisms and property optimization of metal–semiconductor nanostructures for photocatalytic applications.


3D range sensors are currently being used in various fields. Creating 3D range sensors requires various techniques, such as object detection, tracking, classification, 3D SLAM, etc. For the pre-processing step, superpixels can improve the performance of these techniques. This paper proposes a novel over-segmentation algorithm, known as superpixels, for 3D outdoor urban range data. Superpixels are generated with three steps: boundary extraction using a surface change score and sensor models, initial cluster seeding using a quadtree decomposition, and iterative clustering, which adapts a k-means clustering approach with limited search size in the quadtree dimension. The proposed algorithm produces adaptive superpixel sizes that take into account surface and object border information. This reduces memory size more than regular grid methods and represents small objects well with adaptable pixel sizes. The algorithm is verified using the publicly available Velodyne dataset and the manually annotated ground truth. A comparison with the conventional algorithm is also presented.


The present invention discloses an aquaculture feed turtle, turtle comprising nano zinc oxide mixed feed and feed turtle fit. Nano zinc oxide nanoscale nutrients diffuse through the passive transport, saving energy aquatic animal body. It can transport up to tiny capillaries, improve the absorption of zinc. Because of the rapid diffusion of nano-zinc oxide, can be synthesized in the body can be the shortest possible time the zinc-containing substance, causing the enzyme levels of zinc, zinc-related changes in hormone secretion and affect lipoprotein zinc insulin, sex hormones, zinc finger protein synthesis level and thereby promote protein synthesis, improve the efficiency of animal nitrogen excretion reduced feces, urine nitrogen, to reduce nitrogen pollution to the environment. Nano-zinc oxide having a defense capability moldy feed, when moldy feed into the intestine, which may be adsorbed ADM nano zinc oxide and excreted, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing a disease to improve the physical aquatic animals.


To evaluate the functionality and usability of the ADONIS BPM toolkit this report shall give a detailed overview of its components. Additionally two additional toolkits are described in a similar way. These are the ARIS Designer and BizzDesigner toolkits. Based on the gained insights a number of evaluation criteria will be defined. Lastly the ADONIS tool will be evaluated based on these and to some extend comparisons will be made to the other toolkits.


Direct surveys of Cape anchovy Engraulis capensis spawner and recruit biomass in South African coastal waters were made with a 38-kHz calibrated echo-sounder and custom-built digital echo-integrator. The spawning surveys were conducted each November between 1983 and 1985, predominantly on the Agulhas Bank. Recruit surveys were conducted in autumn 1985 and 1986, mainly on the West Coast. The spawning fish were widely distributed across the continental shelf, whereas recruit concentrations were highest close inshore. Employing a target strength per kilogramme expression for herring Clupea harengus, the spawning biomass in 1984 was estimated at 1,06 million tons and that in 1985 at 0,98 million tons. Similarly, recruit biomass in May/June 1985 and June 1986 was estimated at 310 and 466 thousand tons respectively. From an analysis of error in the latter two estimates, it was considered approximately 80 per cent certain that the recruitment in 1986 was greater than in 1985. The estimates of spawning biomass are 3–4 times higher than earlier estimates made by Virtual Population Analysis (VPA) of commercial catch data, and suggest that the stock is less seriously threatened by present catch levels than was indicated by VPA. It is concluded from the distribution and age structure of the spawning population that the VPA estimates are invalid because of the failure of commercial vessels to sample the major part of the adult population.


Mechanism of ionic liquid based dispersive liquid phase microextraction ( ILDLPME) has been investigated. The ILDLPME and organic solvent based dispersive liquid phase microextraction ( OSDLPME) have been critically compared for the determination of free anthraquinones in traditional Chinese medicines. Dispersive liquid phase microextraction ( DLPME) combined with HPLC has been developed for the determination of six free anthraquinones ( aloe-emodin,rhein,danthron,emodin,chrysophanol and physcione) . Under the optimal conditions,the enrichment factors ( EFs) were in the range of 101 230 and 76 181 for OSDLPME and ILDLPME respectively. The limits of detection were 20 200 ng/L and 40 400 ng/L; the relative standard deviations ( RSDs,n = 3) were 3. 1% 10. 0% and 1. 3% 7. 0% ; the recoveries of the analytes in four kinds of traditional Chinese medicines were 81. 7% 110. 7% and 81. 9% 110. 8% for OSDLPME and ILDLPME combined with HPLC,respectively. Ionic liquid was orderly arranged and molecular-ordered organized assembly formed,when ionic liquid dispersed in sample solution,then the analytes were extracted. Compared with OSDLPME,the ILDLPME was more effective and more convenient,the repeatability of ILDLPME was better than that of OSDLPME. However,higher enrichment factors and lower limits of detection could be obtained by OSDLPME. There were no significant deviations between two methods for the determination of free anthraquinones.


We demonstrate that the in-built monomer-feeding mechanism in an emulsion polymerization can be used to dramatically increase control (providing low molar mass dispersity (Đ) ≤1.15) over polymeriza...


In Indonesia, the famous method of the salt production process is evaporation using solar energy. The important aspect of this method is the evaporation rate. The evaporation rate is nearly related to the physical conditions of the surrounding environment. The aim of this study is to determine the evaporation rate of raw water in the production process using a prototype and determine the effect of physical parameters on the rate of evaporation of raw water in the production process in the salt house. The causal method with a quantity approach was used in this research. The results obtained are the total evaporation rate on the prototype at the Salt House is 1.68 litters/day and the results of Spearman rank correlation show that luminous intensity, air temperature, and wind speed have a significant impact on the evaporation rate because the significant value is <0.005 while the humidity level is not s significant effect.


therapy there was a reduction in the amount of hyperkeratosis on the soles, and he was able to walk comfortably without the use of his walking stick. After a further 2 months of treatment, he walked 5 miles for the first time in his life. Temporary discontinuation of the etretinate during the past 8 years has been followed by exacerbation of his symptoms. X-rays of the vertebral column have revealed minor degenerative changes only and he remains improved on etretinate. Thus, our patient experienced marked symptomatic improvement with decreased hyperkeratosis following 3-5 months of etretinate therapy. It may be that the patient described by Drs Soyuer and Candan would have responded to more prolonged treatment with etretinate, had the drug been tolerated for more than 5 weeks.


Background.  Recent accumulating data in the literature have indicated a complex photoprotective role of the epidermis, and the role of melanin as the major epidermal photoprotective mechanism has become debatable.


The standard Compressive Sensing (CS) theory indicates that robust signals recovery can be obtained from just a few collection of incoherent projections. To further decrease the necessary measurements, an alternative to the generic CS framework assumes that signals lie on a union of subspaces (UoS). However, UoS model is limited to the specific type of signal regularity. This paper considers a more general and adaptive model which presumes that signals lie on a union of data-driven subspaces (UoDS). The UoDS model inherits the merit from UoS that signals have structural sparse representation. Meanwhile, it allows to recover signals using fewer degrees of freedom for a desirable recovery quality than UoS. To construct the UoDS model, a subspace clustering method is utilized to form an adaptive group set. The corresponding adaptive basis is learned by applying a linear subspace learning (LSL) method to each group. A corresponding recovery algorithm with provable performance is also given. Experiment results demonstrate that the proposed model for video sampling is valid and applicable.


Background: Software testing remains among the most significant managerial duties. Aims: This work is a statistical survey of software bugs that means to derive lessons in favor of IS/IT managers. Method: As first, we have analysed the timeseries of bugs of four releases of a large program; in the second stage we have examined the time-series of two large programs. Result: The six time-series exhibited very different shapes. A software tool demonstrated how the Wakeby and the Kumaraswamy functions best fit with the six samples. This pair of distributions has a special mathematical property that is the independence of the left tail from the right tail. Conclusion: These distributions justify empirical managerial measures for software testing from the theoretical perspective, hence they provide nontrivial support to IS/IT managers. In the next future we shall investigate the Wakeby and Kumaraswamy distributions in relation to the inner structure of the software programs.


Scholarly and informative, this book reassesses the somewhat clichéd portrait of 'Camus le juste' by close investigation of his non-fictional texts, unpicking the tensions, ambiguities, and hesitations generated by the gradual slippage from the political to the ethical. Firmly anchored in concrete assessment of the available biographical data, it resituates key episodes — Algerian, French, and international — within 'the evolution of Camus's lifelong preoccupation with justice' (p. 18), seeking to expose 'the fragile relationship between politics and morality' (p. 21) operative in three interconnected phases: the formative years in Algeria; Occupation, purge, and Cold War; and, after L'Homme révolté, the Algerian War. The Introduction provides working definitions of socioeconomic, political, institutional, and constitutional justice, and reveals at the outset Mark Orme's acceptance of the figure of Camus not only as 'a man en situation who [. . .] opposes perceived injustice in all its various guises in primarily a personal and practical capacity' (p. 20), but as an intellectual whose 'underlying consistency' is 'modified by the pressures of changing (historical and personal) circumstances' (p. 23). The strength of the book lies in Orme's sensitivity to the inevitable contradictions and inconsistencies arising from this, since it allows him to track the changes of direction, the frustration and disillusionment, and indeed the 'sense of misjudgement' (p. 201) that dogs what he terms Camus's 'liberal humanist morality' (p. 50) and, in the Conclusion, his 'humanitarian pragmatism' (p. 206). Such positions proved to be inadequate when shaping the solutions proposed in L'Homme révolté (read against the grain as a highly personal text) and in the context of Algerian Independence in particular, where Orme agrees with critics who see evidence of 'cultural arrogance' and paternalism in Camus's stance (pp. 97, 100). The 'developmental methodological approach' (p. 23) adopted is underpinned by extensive Notes, which constitute an arena for critical dialogue and the inclusion of a great deal of enlightening additional material without interrupting or overloading the argument developed in the body of the text. Although both Notes and text suffer from occasional clumsy translation and from inadequate updating of the original research (the extensive Bibliography contains very few post-2000 references, for instance), this careful examination of Camus's ethicization of politics complements works such as Camus et la politique (1985), edited by Jeanyves Guérin, and David Carroll's analysis of Camus's relations with colonialism, terrorism, and justice in Albert Camus the Algerian (2007). It will interest both students and researchers, whatever their attitude to Mark Orme's closing claim that Camus remains a 'beacon of moral optimism' (p. 209).


ABBOTT, W. L.-Notes on the Natural History of Aldabra, Assumption and Glorioso Islands, Indian Ocean. Extr. Proceeds. U. S. Natl. Mus., Vol. XVI, 1893. From the author. ALLEN, J. A.-Description of a New Mouse from Lake Co., California. Description of a new species of Geomys from Costa Rica. Extr. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., Vol. V, 1893. From the author. ASHMEAD, W. H.-Monograph of the North American Proctotrypidae. Bull. No. 45, U. S. Natl. Mus., 1893. From the Smithsonian Institution.


The study adopts the hybrid reinforced concrete square columns with the carbon fiber sheet,the glass fiber and the aramid fiber reinforced plastic sheets,undertakes the comparative experiments on the ultimate loading capacity of columns with various reinforced types,and proves by the result that the coordinative matches of the hybrid fiber can fully exert the advantages of the different fibers,improve the loading capacity and lower the cost.


SummaryThe influence of the gaseous composition of the atmosphere inside culturing vessels on somatic embryogenesis and on adventitious root formation was investigated in the quince clone (Cydonia ablonga Mill.) BA29. Leaves taken from in vitro-grown shoots were cultured in glass Petri dishes and exposed to ventilation with atmospheric air (flow rate 25 ml min−1) for 0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 d. Twenty days of ventilation reduced the frequency of embryogenic leaves and a further decrease was observed after 40d of treatment. Conversely, adventitious root formation in the ventilated dishes was never different from the untreated cultures. In a second test, leaves were incubated in atmospheres containing different levels of oxygen (0, 5.0, 10.0, and 21.0%) or carbon dioxide (0, 0.04, 0.15, 1.5, and 3.0%). Anoxia conditions almost completely inhibited somatic embryo and adventitious root formation, but without compromising callus formation and explant viability. In contrast, embryo and root regeneration occurred even in totally CO2-free atmosphere. Oxygen seemed to influence somatic embryogenesis according to a quadratic response; a similar relationship was also observed for root regeneration. Instead, no clear trend could be inferred between embryo or root regeneration and CO2 levels. Furthermore, in dishes flushed with gas mixtures containing oxygen or carbon dioxide somatic embryo formation was almost always lower than in confined dishes. A different result was observed for root regeneration, since the number of roots was never lower than in the control and increased appreciably with 3.0% CO2. These results demonstrate that atmosphere composition of the culture head-space can influence somatic embryogenesis in quince. The finding that both vessel ventilation and atmosphere replacement with different gas mixtures reduced somatic embryo formation suggests that gaseous compounds, different from O2 an CO2, present in the gaseous environment may promote embryogenesis in this species.


Text-to-image diffusion models have demonstrated an unparalleled ability to generate high-quality, diverse images from a textual prompt. However, the internal representations learned by these models remain an enigma. In this work, we present Conceptor, a novel method to interpret the internal representation of a textual concept by a diffusion model. This interpretation is obtained by decomposing the concept into a small set of human-interpretable textual elements. Applied over the state-of-the-art Stable Diffusion model, Conceptor reveals non-trivial structures in the representations of concepts. For example, we find surprising visual connections between concepts, that transcend their textual semantics. We additionally discover concepts that rely on mixtures of exemplars, biases, renowned artistic styles, or a simultaneous fusion of multiple meanings of the concept. Through a large battery of experiments, we demonstrate Conceptor's ability to provide meaningful, robust, and faithful decompositions for a wide variety of abstract, concrete, and complex textual concepts, while allowing to naturally connect each decomposition element to its corresponding visual impact on the generated images. Our code will be available at: https://hila-chefer.github.io/Conceptor/


The smoothing problem is considered for a two dimensional (2D) Gaussian Markov field defined on a finite rectangular lattice under Gaussian additive noise. The Gaussian Markov field is assumed to be generated by a (known) local correlation linking each site with the eight sites surrounding it in the lattice. In a former paper it has been shown that for such field (and with a further assumption of homogeneity that we here relax) a 2D realisation can be built up. Such realisation result represents the basis for the present paper, where a 2D-recursive optimal-smoothing algorithm is derived. Even though based on the realisation result, the present paper is nevertheless self-contained.


In this paper, Wavelet transform is used to analyze the singularity of a given signal. Based on the method of wavelet transform mudulus maxima (WTMM), the characters of fractal set of triadic Cantor is studied. It is shown that one can, not only determine the singular position of signal, but also estimate the Holder exponent h which describes the strength of singularity and other parameters correctly. In addition, the temperature data in Rayleigh-Benard convection is studied using the above procedures. It is observed that the temperature data exhibit multi-fractal hierarchy and multi-scale structures. The obtained results agree well with those determined from the viewpoint of fractal measures.


Provided are a memory cell and a magnetic memory capable of reducing the cell size. A memory cell according to the present embodiment includes a conductive layer having a first terminal and a second terminal, said conductive layer arranged one magnetic resistance between the first terminal and the second terminal an element, is arranged between the first magnetic layer, a second magnetic layer disposed between said first magnetic layer and the conductive layer, and the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer includes a non-magnetic layer, and one magnetoresistive element having, said one of the anode and the cathode to the first magnetic layer is electrically connected diodes, a third and a fourth terminal and a control terminal and , the third terminal has, and electrically connected to the transistor to the first terminal. .FIELD 4


(2) Original utterance: Boss to A Asatte made-ni sono sigoto-o yar-e! day.after.tomorrow until-by that work-Acc do-IMP 'Finish that work by the day after tomorrow!' (3) The speaker (=A) reports the original utterance the next day of (2): [asita made-ni sono sigoto-o yar-e to] zyoosi-ni iw-are-masi-ta. tomorrow until-by that work-Acc do-IMP C boss-by say-Pass-Polite-Past 'I was told by the boss that I should finish that work by tomorrow.'


Aims A 24hm2 permanent plot in Gutianshan National Nature Reserve provided a valuable case for association classification in evergreen broad-leaved forest.Our objectives were to divide the forest community into associations to provide a new classification of evergreen broad-leaved forest and introduce the algorithm of indicator value for species in associations.Indicator species previously could not be quantified.Methods We used multivariate regression trees,based on topographic factors and species composition,for association classification.An indicator value was introduced to quantify the indicator species of associations.We named associations after the dominant species in the tree layer,followed by indicator species of lower tree layers.Important findings The forest community was divided into three associations that not only reflect temporal and spatial disjunctions of the community,but also correspond with features of the basic unit of vegetation classification.The three associations are 1) Raphiolepis indica+ Chimonanthus salicifolius―Eurya muricata+ Syzygium buxifolium―Schima superba+ Castanopsis eyrei Association;2) Rhododendron simsii+ Rhododendron mariesii―Quercus serrata var.brevipetiolata+ Corylopsis glandulifera var.hypoglauca―Pinus massoniana+ Castanopsis eyrei Association;and 3) Vaccinium carlesii+ Camellia fraterna―Distylium myricoides+ Neolitsea aurata―Schima superba+ Castanopsis eyrei Association.


Periodic surfaces made of patches with metallized via holes or grounding pins (ldquomushroomsrdquo) have been shown to have bandgaps in their dispersion diagrams, inside which surface waves cannot propagate. These bandgaps are defined in all directions in the surface structure. The purpose of this work is to show how by changing the position of the metallic via of the mushroom from its center to its edge, the bandgap moves towards lower frequencies. This allows an easy structure size reduction which is critical in many applications. Results prove a size reduction of the unit cell size by approximately 20% by only moving the via position. The conclusions have been validated with measurements.


In plants, the HAK (high-affinity K+)/KUP (K+ uptake)/KT (K+ transporter) family represents a large group of potassium transporters that play important roles in plant growth and environmental adaptation. Although HAK/KUP/KT genes have been extensively investigated in many plant species, they remain uncharacterized in wheat, especially those involved in the response to environmental stresses. In this study, 56 wheat HAK/KUP/KT (hereafter called TaHAKs) genes were identified by a genome-wide search using recently released wheat genomic data. Phylogenetic analysis grouped these genes into four clusters (Ι, II, III, IV), containing 22, 19, 7 and 8 genes, respectively. Chromosomal distribution, gene structure, and conserved motif analyses of the 56 TaHAK genes were subsequently performed. In silico RNA-seq data analysis revealed that TaHAKs from clusters II and III are constitutively expressed in various wheat tissues, while most genes from clusters I and IV have very low expression levels in the examined tissues at different developmental stages. qRT-PCR analysis showed that expression levels of TaHAK genes in wheat seedlings were significantly up- or downregulated when seedlings were exposed to K+ deficiency, high salinity, or dehydration. Furthermore, we functionally characterized TaHAK1b-2BL and showed that it facilitates K+ transport in yeast. Collectively, these results provide valuable information for further functional studies of TaHAKs, and contribute to a better understanding of the molecular basis of wheat development and stress tolerance.


Simulation of large hydro-thermal power systems requires several extensive simplifications and model reductions. For hydropower systems with several interconnected power stations, these reductions can be particularly challenging and are denoted Equivalent models. The purpose of the Equivalent model is to mimic a more detailed hydropower model, while decreasing computation time, to be used in larger power system models. In this paper different Equivalent models for hydropower systems have been computed with a novel approach using a Particle swarm optimization-algorithm and are evaluated with respect to accuracy in hourly and total power generation as well as computation time. For each of the Equivalent models, computation time is decreased with over 99.99 % and the difference in power production is less than 11% compared to a more detailed model.


On Reunion Island, three species of flies, Bactrocera cucurbitae, Dacus ciliatus and Dacus demmerezi (Diptera-Tephritidae), cause severe damage to Cucurbit crops. To implement effective crop protection programs, it is important to know how they overwinter in order to improve the control of the fly populations at the beginning of infestation. The aim of our study was to obtain knowledge on the population dynamics of these three fly species during the winter. Three technics were tested on five sites: adult trapping, collecting damaged fruit placed for emergence in the laboratory, and counting pupae in soil samples. Our results show a variation of the population level during the year and especially a decline during winter. They also show a distribution of the species according to altitude. The flies probably spend the winter season in quiescence.


We demonstrate remote elemental analysis at distances up to 90m, using a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy scheme based on filamentation induced by the nonlinear propagation of unfocused ultrashort laser pulses. A detailed signal analysis suggests that this technique, remote filament-induced breakdown spectroscopy, can be extended up to the kilometer range.


The paper that I would like to nominate is 'The Initial Shear Modulus of Plain-Woven Fabrics' by G. A. V. Leaf & Aida M. F. Sheta. In this paper, fabric shear was defined by a physical model and mathematical equations to determine the shear modulus from the Young's modulus in the warp, weft and 45 degree angle directions together with the fabric Poisson ratios. The equations were derived from analysis of the stresses and yarn deformations at crossover points and were validated by experimental data. This is one of a number of fundamental theoretical research works that established the scientific foundation for fabric hand and objective evaluation technologies, which were developed in the 1980s by the world renowned researchers and scholars in Japan and Australia, namely Prof. Sueo Kawabata, Prof. Masako Niwa and Prof. Ronald Postle and their colleagues and students. Fabric hand and objective evaluation technologies have been further developed with more advanced sensing techniques and software technologies to acquire testing data much faster and more reliably, which have been developed as testing standards in China, Taiwan and the USA. Furthermore, fabric hand objective evaluation technology has been utilized to digitize the fabric hand and touch, comfort and sensory performances to enable the creation of novel, data-driven business models for the fashion and textile industry in the big data era. These can be integrated with Metaverse/Web3.0 to link the digital virtual world with the physical world, as shown in Figure 1. This paper by Leaf and Sheta is just one example of extensive fundamental research carried out by Leaf and fellow researchers, notably Professors P. Grosberg, J.W.S. Hearle and S. Backer that established the theoretical foundations for the structural mechanics of fibres, yarns and fabrics and associated mathematical models developed for fibres, yarns, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics and nonwoven materials. These have been subsequently integrated into the modelling and simulation of the biomechanics of garments


Abstract Primary objective: To extend previous observations by investigating if differences exist in time to initiation or to recovery of total oral intake in patients with acquired brain injury assessed by either Facial-Oral Tract Therapy (F.O.T.T.®) or Fibreoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES) and to investigate whether other factors influence these outcomes. Research design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: One hundred and nineteen patients with dysphagia in inpatient neurorehabilitation were randomized. The main outcome was time to maximum on the Functional Oral Intake Scale. Results: There was no difference in time to initiation or recovery of total oral intake using F.O.T.T.® or FEES. Oral intake was initiated for 42% on admission and 92% at discharge; 2.5% of the patients were on total oral intake within 24 hours of admission and 37% at discharge. The likelihood of recovery to total oral intake before discharge was found to depend on age, Functional Independence Measure score, length of stay and number of dysphagia interventions. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in time to initiation and recovery of total oral intake before discharge, whether assessed by F.O.T.T.® or FEES, indicating that an instrumental assessment is unnecessary for standard evaluation. Age, functional independence and length of stay had a significant influence.


MAGE-3 is the most commonly expressed cancer testis Ag and thus represents a prime target for cancer vaccines, despite infrequent natural occurrence of MAGE-3-specific immune responses in vivo. We report in this study the successful induction of Ab, CD8 (cid:1) , and CD4 (cid:1) T cells in nonsmall cell lung cancer patients vaccinated with MAGE-3 recombinant protein. Two cohorts were analyzed: one receiving MAGE-3 protein alone, and one receiving MAGE-3 protein with adjuvant AS02B. Of nine patients in the first cohort, three developed marginal Ab titers and another one had a CD8 (cid:1) T cell response to HLA-A2-restricted peptide MAGE-3 271–279. In contrast, of eight patients from the second cohort vaccinated with MAGE-3 protein and adjuvant, seven developed high-titered Abs to MAGE-3, and four had a strong concomitant CD4 (cid:1) T cell response to HLA-DP4-restricted peptide 243–258. One patient simultaneously developed CD8 (cid:1) T cells to HLA-A1-restricted peptide 168–176. The novel monitoring methodology used in this MAGE-3 study establishes that protein vaccination induces clear CD4 (cid:1) T cell responses that correlate with Ab production. This development provides the framework for further evaluating integrated immune responses in vaccine settings and for optimizing these responses for clinical benefit. The Journal of Immunology, 2004, 172: 3289–3296. MAGE-3 Ag was identified during analysis of CD8 (cid:1) avoid potential reactivity with protein D, and found consistent results when cotyping re- activity against the MAGE-3 protein used for vaccination. MAGE-1 and NY-ESO-1 recombinant proteins were used as negative controls, to rule out reactivity against bacterial contaminants (7). Positive results were defined from titration curves, as described before (7). In summary figures, to fa- cilitate comparison of Ab responses between patients, all sample OD values at 1/400 serum dilution were normalized according to positive and negative control sera using the following formula: (OD sample (cid:3) OD negative control )/(OD positive control (cid:3) OD negative control ). Positive control serum from patient A25 ranged from 1000 to 1900 absorbance units, and negative control serum from patient NW29 ranged from 100 to 300 absorbance units at 1/400 dilution.


A technique for converting a MOSFET into a highly linear, electronically tunable resistor is described. The key to the linearisation achieved is the application of voltages across the gate and across the body, in such a way that the gate-channel and body-channel potentials remain constant all along the channel. Measurements show distortion levels of less than −75 dB for signal amplitudes of 6 V peak to peak.


Let us consider the sum ∑ P≤x 1 √ P where P denotes a perfect power. In a previous article we obtained the formula ∑ P≤x 1 √ P = 1 2 log x+ C + o(1) where C is a constant. In this article we obtain more precise asymptotic formulae. Besides we prove that C is positive and C = γ + ∑ P ′ 1 √ P ′ where γ > 0 is the Euler's constant and P ′ denotes a perfect power not a square. Mathematics Subject Classification: 11A99, 11B99


The influence of oxygen treatment on transport properties of pure ZnO and ZnO:Cl thin films grown by MOCVD were studied. The experimentally obtained values of carrier concentrations after oxygen treatment at different temperatures, were compared with the results obtained from thermodynamical analysis of the system: ZnO:Cl-Oxygen vapor pressure, using method of quasi-chemical reactions (QCR). INTRODUCTION Nowadays significant issues remain in p-type doping of ZnO and related alloys. But ZnO, which has been recognized as an intrinsic, n-type semiconductors more then 70 years ago [1,2] has broad range of applications in optoelectronic, acoustic devices and lasers light-emitting diodes. As a semiconductor oxide material with low resistivity, high transmittance up to UV spectral range, and with a good chemical stability under strong reducing environments, ZnO is thus a promising Transparent Conductive Oxide (TCO) and a possible alternative to tin oxide and indium oxide to be used as transparent electrode for photovoltaic solar cells, electrodes on flat panel displays [3]. Up to now, metal elements like Al [4,5], Ga [6,7], Ba [8], Sc [8], Cu [9], Fe [9], Sn [9], In [9,10] substituting to Zn, have been widely used for this purpose. While apart from for a few works [11-13] where Fluorine doping of ZnO is studied little is known about the doping of ZnO with anion impurity in substitution to oxygen. Lately, the use of non-metal dopants in substitution to oxygen was suggested as a better way to achieve high carrier concentration and mobility while keeping good transparency, thanks to the weaker perturbation of the ZnO conduction band expected in this configuration [14]. Following above mentioned idea and the fact that to our knowledge, with the exception of one report [15], there are no data in literature about chlorine doping of ZnO, we decided to study this issue. The details about the growth and electro-optical characterization of ZnO:Cl thin layers will be published elsewhere, while in presented manuscript we present the influence of oxygen post annealing on the defects and free carriers concentrations in ZnO:Cl. DEFECTS AND FREE CARRIERS CONCENTRATIONS IN ZnO:Cl AFTER OXYGEN TREATMENT In order to carry out thermodynamic analysis of the system ZnO:Cl – oxygen vapor Kroger's method of quasi-chemical reactions (QCR) is used [16]. The aim is to obtain the concentrations of defects and charge carriers as a function of post heat treatment temperatures, surrounding gas pressure, and chlorine concentration in the system. The principal processes we take into account with the corresponding mass action laws are as follows: The creation of Schottky and Frenkel pairs: , O Zn V V O + → [ ] Zn S V K = [ ] O V , (1) i Zn Zn V O + → [ ] Zn F V K = [ ] i Zn , (1a) Lattice thermal ionization: h e O + → np Ki = , (2) Oxygen incorporation from gas phase into lattice site creating zinc vacancy:


The invention relates to a method for testing convergence property of autonomous system network route, belonging to the technical field of network test. The invention is characterized in that the method respectively tests the convergence property to an open shortest path first (OSPF) network and an internal border gateway protocol (iBGP) network. A testing scene is firstly constructed, two router nodes in the network are selected, and a flow generator and a flow acquirer are respectively equipped on these two router nodes; and in the iBGP router convergence property testing, the flow acquirer is used as a router simulator at the same time. With the introduction of network link, node failure event or BGP simulation route oscillation, at the same time, the planar transmission performance indices of network data are measured, and convergence time of route control plane can be estimated according to the message number transmitted and received from the flow generator and flow acquirer. The inventive method has low requirements to testing equipments and is easy to implement.


Cuprate superconductors have long been known to exhibit an energy gap that persists high above the superconducting transition temperature ( T c ). Debate has continued now for decades as to whether it is a precursor superconducting gap or a pseudogap arising from some competing correlation. Failure to resolve this has arguably delayed explaining the origins of superconductivity in these highly complex materials. Here we effectively settle the question by calculating a variety of thermodynamic and spectroscopic properties, exploring the effect of a temperature-dependent pair-breaking term in the self-energy in the presence of pairing interactions that persist well above T c . We start by fitting the detailed temperature-dependence of the electronic specific heat and immediately can explain its hitherto puzzling field dependence. Taking this same combination of pairing temperature and pair-breaking scattering we are then able to simultaneously describe in detail the unusual temperature and field dependence of the superfluid density, tunneling, Raman and optical spectra, which otherwise defy explanation in terms a superconducting gap that closes conventionally at T c . These findings demonstrate that the gap above T c in the overdoped regime likely originates from incoherent superconducting correlations, and is distinct from the competing-order 'pseudogap' that appears at lower doping.


Noncollinear configurations of local magnetic moments at Fe/Cr interfaces in Fe-Cr alloys are explored using a combination of density functional theory (DFT) and magnetic cluster expansion (MCE) simulations. We show that magnetic frustration at Fe/Cr interfaces can be partially resolved through the formation of noncollinear magnetic structures, which occur not only at stepped but also at smooth interfaces, for example at the (110) interface where magnetic noncollinearity predicted by simulations is observed experimentally. Both DFT and MCE simulations predict that the magnetically frustrated (110) interface has the highest formation energy in the low-temperature limit. Using MCE and kinetic Monte Carlo simulations, we investigate the effect of temperature on magnetic order at interfaces and on interface energies. We find that while the low-temperature noncollinear bulk magnetic configurations of Cr remain stable up to the Néel temperature, the chromium atomic layers close to the interfaces retain their magnetic order well above this temperature. We also show that above the Curie temperature the (110) interface is the lowest energy interface, in agreement with DFT simulations of interfaces separating ferromagnetic Fe and nonmagnetic Cr.


This article explores the place of the Irish within European family history by comparing early twentieth century household patterns of four occupational groups (strong farmers, modest farmers, nonagricultural people, and laborers) within a small region of Country Kerry. While shared cultural values unify the Irish patterns in some respects, the different resource configurations of the four occupational groups generate clear differences. Some of the variability is strongly influenced by specific historical factors.


The present report shows some aspects of VHDL for synthesis (and simulation) from a very practical view. One of the aspects addressed is the integration of VHDL into current design flows with respect to the need of graphical interfaces. A synthesis example will show the advantage of VHDL to facilitate the specification of the structure of a block's architecture together with its functional description. Comparisons to other means of circuit specification will show its expressiveness to cover all practical applications. This gives an estimation of the necessary ef$orts to port already existing circuit models into VHDL.


[Objective] The ability of accumulation of Zn and Cd between the hyperaccumlating and non-hyperaccumulating ecotypes of Sedum alfredii differed significantly, which might be related to their endophytic bacterial communities. Thus, the objective of this study is to investigate and compare the endophytic bacterial communities between two ecotypes of S. alfredii. [Methods] By 534 微生物学通报 Microbiol. China 2017, Vol.44, No.3 Tel: 010-64807511; E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; http://journals.im.ac.cn/wswxtbcn using high-throughput sequencing technique, a research on the diversity of endophytic bacterial communities in leaves and stems samples of the hyperaccumulating and non-hyperaccumulating of S. alfredii was conducted. The samples of the hyperaccumulating of S. alfredii were collected from an old lead-zinc mine located in Quzhou city, the west of Zhejiang province, and the non-hyperaccumulating of S. alfredii were collected from a tea garden located in Jiuxi, Hangzhou city, the north of Zhejiang province. [Results] A total of 366 783 sequences and 39 948 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained from the four samples (at the level of 97%). The index of Shannon indicated that endophytic bacterial biodiversity in the leaves of two ecotype of S. alfredii were consistenly higher than in the stems, endophytic bacterial biodiversity in the leaves of hyperaccumulator ecotype of S. alfredii were higher than in the leaves of non-hyperaccumulator ecotype of S. alfredii, while the reverse was true for the stem samples. Endophytes in the leaves and stems samples of the hyperaccumulator ecotype of S. alfredii included 26 and 21 phyla, 123 and 117 families respectively, while the non-hyperaccumulator ecotype of S. alfredii included 43 and 22 phyla, 175 and 83 families respectively. In addition, the most abundance associated with the four sample libraries were consistently found to be related to Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Cyanobacteria. On the genus level, the most abundance bacteria associated with the leaves and stems of hyperaccumulator ecotype of S. alfredii were Synechococcus and Plesiomonas, while Pseudomonas and Dechloromonas were for the leaves and stems of non-hyperaccumulator ecotype of S. alfredii. [Conclusion] Diverse communities endophytes inhabit leave and stems of the two ecotype of S. alfredii, while the most endophytes diversity of the four samples was the leave of hyperaccumulator ecotype of S. alfredii.


The characteristics of flame propagation in micro pipes are investigated with the consideration of heat loss at the wall.A laminar model under no-slip boundary conditions is applied and a multi-step reaction mechanism is adopted.The configuration of flame front is determined by both heat loss and flow field.Moreover,excessively increased heat loss will lead to the extinguishment.Meanwhile,the introduction of a two-dimensional flow field expands the range of critical magnitude of heat loss corresponding to extinguishment.The results also show that high flame curvature in micro pipes intensifies combustion.


Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive degenerative disorder of the central nervous system characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms. As the disease progresses, patients alternate periods in which motor symptoms are mitigated due to medication intake (ON state) and periods with motor complications (OFF state). The time that patients spend in the OFF condition is currently the main parameter employed to assess pharmacological interventions and to evaluate the efficacy of different active principles. In this work, we present a system that combines automatic speech processing and deep learning techniques to classify the medication state of PD patients by leveraging personal speech-based bio-markers. We devise a speaker-dependent approach and investigate the relevance of different acoustic-prosodic feature sets. Results show an accuracy of 90.54% in a test task with mixed speech and an accuracy of 95.27% in a semi-spontaneous speech task. Overall, the experimental assessment shows the potentials of this approach towards the development of reliable, remote daily monitoring and scheduling of medication intake of PD patients.


The Hydrogen Economy (S.A. Sherif, F. Barbir, T.N. Veziroglu) Hydrogen Production Overview (A. Steinfeld) Hydrogen from Fossil Fuels with CO2 Mitigation Hydrogen Production by Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cell (SOEC) (M.K.H. Leung, M. Ni, and D.Y.C. Leung) Nuclear Hydrogen Production by Thermochemical Cycles - Example of the Cu-Cl Cycle (G.F. Naterer, K. Gabriel, M. Lewis and S. Suppiah) Biological and Photobiological Hydrogen Production Hydrogen from Biomass and Fossil Fuels (M. Mahishi, D.Y. Goswami, Gamal Ibrahim and Said S.E.H. Elnashaie) Solar-Hydrogen Production Hydrogen Production by Supercritical Water Gasification (Emhemmed A.E.A. Youssef, George Nakhla, and Paul Charpentier) Hydrogen Storage, Transportation, Handling and Distribution Introduction/Overview (Ned Stetson) Gaseous Hydrogen Storage (S.A. Sherif, F. Barbir) Cryogenic Refrigeration and Liquid Hydrogen Storage (G.G. Ihas) Magnetic Liquefaction of Hydrogen (Tom Burdyny and Andrew Rowe) Compact Hydrogen Storage in Cryogenic Pressure Vessels (Salvador M. Aceves, Francisco Espinosa-Loza, Elias Ledesma-Orozco, Guillaume Petitpas) Metal Hydrides (S. Srinivasan, P.C. Sharma, E.K. Stefanakos, D.Y. Goswami) Complex Hydrides (S. Srinivasan, P.C. Sharma, E.K. Stefanakos, D.Y. Goswami) Nanomaterials for Hydrogen Storage (S. Srinivasan, P.C. Sharma, E.K. Stefanakos, D.Y. Goswami) Chemical Hydrogen Storage (S. Srinivasan, P.C. Sharma, E.K. Stefanakos, D.Y. Goswami) Hydrogen Adsorption and Storage on Porous Materials (K. Mark Thomas) Hydrogen Storage in Hollow Microspheres (Laurent Pilon) Slush Hydrogen Storage (S.A. Sherif, S. Gursu, T.N. Veziroglu) Hydrogen Conversion and End Use Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engines (Sebastian Verhelst and Roger Sierens) Hydrogen Enrichment (D.R. Vernon and P.A. Erickson) Distribution Networking (Monterey Gardiner) Cross-cutting topics Development of Hydrogen Safety Codes and Standards in USA (Chad Blake) International Codes, Standards and Regulations for Hydrogen Energy Technologies (Karen Hall and Geoffrey Bromaghim) Sensors for the Hydrogen Economy (G.G. Ihas and N.S. Sullivan) Appendices


Abstract With a focus on situations of protracted conflict, this article explores the new horizons offered by the recent explanation by the United Nations Human Rights Committee on the right to life in its General Comment 36. The freshly formulated contours of this right not only present normative clarity but are also valuable for conflict management and resolution. Considering the articulation by the Human Rights Committee, we can now see two dimensions of this right: existence and dignity. Although the existence dimension is not new, one now finds additional insights concerning the legality, transparency and accountability of the use of lethal force that have particular relevance to armed conflict. The new dignity dimension has practical implications for the conditions of life in protracted conflicts, taking us beyond norms to the policy spheres of humanitarian action and development. Tracing the origins of the term "protracted conflict" to the late Lebanese scholar Edward Azar, the article also introduces the reader to some of his work and thinking.


Let (V,W;F) be a weakly reducible, unstabilized, genus three Heegaard splitting in an orientable, irreducible 3-manifold M and DVW(F) the subset of the disk complex D(F) consisting of simplices having at least one vertex from V and at least one vertex from W. In this article, we describe the shape of DVW(F) and prove that there is a function from the components of DVW(F) to the isotopy classes of the generalized Heegaard splittings obtained by weak reductions from (V,W;F), where this function describes how the thick levels are embedded in the relevant compression bodies.


This paper develops six propositions concerning the impact of moral values in information system design (MVISD) on information system (IS) success by utilizing the IS Success model of DeLone and McLean (DMISSM). The propositions are grounded on moral objectives identified in MVISD design literature and their conjunctions with DMISSM dimensions. An overview of related literature and an explication of the identified research gap are provided beforehand. New research opportunities emerging from the findings of this paper are outlined at the end.


Protecting agents from host attacks is a pressing security concern in networked environments supporting mobile agents. In this paper, we consider a black hole: a highly harmful host that disposes of visiting agents upon their arrival, leaving no observable trace of such a destruction. The task to identify the location of the harmful host is clearly dangerous for the searching agents. We study under what conditions and at what cost a team of autonomous asynchronous mobile agents can successfully accomplish this task; we are concerned with solutions that are generic (i.e., topology-independent). We study the size of the optimal solution (i.e., the minimum number of agents needed to locate the black hole), and the cost of the minimal solution (i.e., the number of moves performed by the agents executing a size-optimal solution protocol). We establish tight bounds on size and cost depending on the a priori knowledge the agents have about the network, and on the consistency of the local labellings. In particular, we prove that: with topological ignorance Δ + 1 agents are needed and suffice, and the cost is Θ(n2), where Δ is the maximal degree of a node and n is the number of the nodes in the network; with topological ignorance but in presence of sense of direction only two agents suffice and the cost is Θ(n2); and with complete topological knowledge only two agents suffice and the cost is Θ(n log n). All the upper-bound proofs are constructive.


Because spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SOEs) are correlated with sex and because sex is determined genetically, Bilger et al. (1990) hypothesized that SOEs are inherited. A twin study was planned to pursue this idea. A total of 60 sets of twins [15 sets of monozygotic (MZ) females, 15 sets of MZ males, 15 sets of dizygotic (DZ) females, and 15 sets of DZ males] were measured for SOEs using an off‐line procedure to determine the broad‐sense heritability (H) of these emissions. Their ages ranged from 5–40 years. All subjects had essentially normal hearing. Zygosity was determined by means of a zygosity questionnaire (Lykken et al., 1988). Results indicate that SOEs are a highly heritable trait (H=1.0). Further, the SOE profiles of MZ twins were strikingly similar, whereas the profiles for DZ twins were not. [Work supported by DC00174.]


FeOOH nanorods with width of 15~27 nm and length of 100~250 nm and 稨2O. The method for NaOH addition had a significant effect on the phase and morphology of the final product. Some of the products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The structure of organic phase was characterized by FT-IR. The reaction conditions and the mechanism were also studied.


In this paper, we discuss the application of two statistical parsers (namely, Collins' parser as implemented by Bikel, and the Stanford parser) to the EVALITA constituency parsing task


The mammography is the most effective procedure for an early diagnosis of the breast cancer. Finding an accurate and efficient breast region segmentation technique still remains a challenging problem in digital mammography. In this paper we explore an automated technique for mammogram segmentation. The proposed algorithm uses morphological preprocessing algorithm in order to: remove digitization noises and separate background region from the breast profile region for further edge detection and regions segmentation.


The gate currents of Si nanowire transistors are investigated using a three-dimensional, real-space, and self-consistent Schrodinger-Poisson solver. The influence of the gate material (metal or poly-Si) and the choice of the dielectric (SiO2 or high-kappa stacks) are studied in details. Then, the performances of nanometer-scaled triple-gate structures are analyzed with respect to ON- and OFF-currents, subthreshold swing, and threshold voltage.


Dietary interventions may have the potential to ameliorate cognitive changes, e.g. those preceding a diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Cognitive changes are part of normal healthy ageing, but in AD the rate of change is more rapid than that considered to be in the normal range. The initial amnesic stage of AD is often followed by impairments in attention; indeed, these attentional difficulties may appear earlier than suggested by current research. Animal research has shown significant improvements in spatial working memory after 8 weeks of supplementation with a flavonoid-rich blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) diet. The present study followed on from an acute intervention trial carried out with young adults (18–30 years). A key finding from this first investigation into the effects of flavonoid-rich blueberries on cognitive function was an improvement in attention in the absence of reaction-time changes. Using a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over design an acute intervention trial was carried out with older adults (Selected from Ageing Panel – healthy adults; 60–78 years; MMSE score > / = 24) using a single acute supplementation of blueberry (200 g blueberries in 150 ml milk) or a placebo control. The effects on mood, memory, executive function and motor skills were measured before the drink and 1 h and 5 h following consumption, and were assessed as previously described. There was a trend for improvement in sustained attention 5 h after the blueberry drink compared with a decline in attention 5 h following the placebo (see Figure). The difference in the mean number of correctly-detected targets on the 'go–nogo' task (a measure of the executive function of attention) compared between the blueberry drink and the placebo, 5 h after the drink, was marginally significant (P = 0.08; n 16). Motor performance improved over time (P = 0.003), irrespective of the type of drink, but no significant improvements in performance were found on measures of spatial and working memory (P>0.05).


As a famous Ba-Shu poet and scholar in Qing dynasty,Li Tiaoyuan devoted 40 volumes of theoretic works dealing with poems,ci,fu and qu.From the perspective of human development,he believed that poem was 'music in nature',and that the human's emotion should be in harmony with natural sound.From the perspective of philosophy,he maintained that all things originate from Qi and human is also 'formed from Qi',and that "worry,sorrow,happiness and anger are the demonstration of human's Qi".Thus,he distinctively put forward that 'poems should express the mankind's disposition'.Furthermore,he voiced that poems should convey the human's real sentiments,i.e.'every words flow from the composer's heart'.This kind of theory on poetic nature was a significant breakthrough over his predecessors.


This paper presented a quick group search optimizer with passive congregation(QGSOPC) for optimum design of spatial pin connected structures.The algorithm was based on the quick group search optimizer(QGSO).The QGSOPC algorithm was verified and compared with the HPSO,GSO and QGSO algorithm by the numerical examples of the design of two spatial truss structures.The results show that the QGSOPC algorithm got not only preferable convergence rate and accuracy,but also the best stability.The proposed QGSOPC can be used more effectively for practical structural optimal design problems.


The result of the study indicated that the students' reading skill in pre-test andpost-test differed significantly. It was proved by the value of the t-test 6. 503 which was greater than the critical value t-table 2.045 with the level of significance (p) = 0.05 and degree of freedom (N–1) 29 the mean score of post-test (70.9667) was greater than the mean score of the pre-test (54. 9667). Based on the findings and discussion of the study, the writer drew a conclusion that the students' reading skill can improve the students' reading comprehension at the second year of MTs Aisyiyah Sungguminasa


Purpose

Most burglaries are property offenses yet some offenders perpetrate burglary for the purpose of violent instrumental crimes. Sexual burglars are distinct from non-sexual burglars because the former seek to rape or sexually abuse victims within the homes they burgle whereas the latter seek theft and material gain. It is unclear to what degree burglars who are armed with firearms or knives represent a type of sexual burglar, or perhaps a more severe type of offender who enters homes not merely to rape a victim, but to perhaps murder them as well. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

Drawing on data from 790 felons in Florida, t-test and negative binomial regression models were used to compare armed burglars to offenders who were not convicted of armed burglary.

Findings

Compared to offenders not convicted of armed burglary, armed burglars were involved in significantly more instrumental crimes of violence including first-degree murder, kidnapping, armed rape, armed robbery and assault with intent to murder. Armed burglary may be a marker of extreme instrumental violent offending and warrants further study.

Originality/value

To the authors' knowledge, this is among the first studies of armed burglary offenders and adds understanding to the heterogeneity of burglary offenders and their criminal careers.


Ian Walker considers why the process approach to writing seems to be ignored when children write in the content areas. He then suggests how teachers might plan for writing across the curriculum.


In this paper the authors present a comparison of some performance characteristics of two motion tracking modalities for use in a virtual environment. Ascension Technology's Flock of Birds is an electromagnetic tracking system. Intersense's IS-600 uses a combination of ultrasonic, infrared, and inertial principles. Case studies were performed for both tracking systems to study static distortion, temporal stability, and the effect of metal. The requirements of the virtual reality application would ultimately guide the choice of the tracker modality.Copyright © 2002 by ASME


Considering the important yet under-investigated role of coaches in parasport, the purpose of this study was to examine coaches' real-time thought processes and behaviours in fostering quality programs for athletes with disabilities. In doing so, we sought to identify successful or effective (i.e., model) parasport coaches and offer an in-depth investigation into how they shaped successful programs. Model coaches were identified through nominations from athletes and administrators within Canadian parasport organizations. Six coaches met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate, representing individual and team sports from grassroots to high performance. During four training sessions, the lead researcher shadowed each coach while observing and asking questions. Subsequently, coaches, assistant coaches, and their athletes participated in semi-structured interviews to triangulate perceptions of quality parasport programming, and the coach's role in fostering it. Aligning with a collective case study methodology, each team (i.e., case) was independently thematically analyzed, and the results were compared. Across cases, themes corresponded to individual (e.g., knowledge, experience), interpersonal (e.g., interactions, behaviours), environmental (e.g., program structure, learning processes), and cultural (e.g., expectations, values) levels of the coach's influence. Each coach played a foundational role in the development of the program; their philosophical beliefs and vision for the team corresponded to the implementation of core values that translated into quality experiences for athletes at each level. Findings will be discussed in relation to the Quality Parasport Participation Framework (Evans et al., 2018), thus extending theoretical knowledge of effective parasport coaching and offering practical implications for coaches across developmental contexts.


A compound of formula I ** optically active Formula ** a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition comprising an optically active compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; for use in a method of treating a solid tumor in a subject.


A low voltage dipole automatic circuit breaker comprises a pair of electrodes; each electrode has a protective apparatus aiming at short circuit. The circuit breaker also comprises a differential action apparatus connected with the two electrodes; and a separate overload protective apparatus connected with one of the two electrodes. When an overload failure case is detected, the overload protective apparatus uncouples the a closing/breaking mechanism to further break the contacts of the two electrodes.


Based on correlation analysis and comparative analysis of two kinds of evaporation data from E601 and small-sized evaporator in May to September during 1985-2001at Zhangye station,some results are obtained as follows:(1) E601 and E601B evaporation data can be used as the same sequence data;(2) The correlation of E601 and small-sized evaporator data is up to 88%,and the climate estimate value caculated by the ratio conversion coefficient is close to actual observations and better than climate estimate value caculated by using a linear regression coefficient.The E601 and small-sized evaporator data can be corrected each other.


Phytoextraction is a technique to remove heavy metals from soil by direct absorption into plant tissues. The implemention of phytoextraction involves growing one or more plant species that are contaminants hyperaccumulators. Specific conditions for the application of phytoextraction program for a polluted area reffers to amendments, period of vegetation, pollution degree, etc. The paper presents experimental research in greenhouse, aimed to check the parameters determining the reproductibility of selected plant (maize) and following the conclusions of the preliminary laboratory test experiments. Verification consisted in achieving 2 experiments with 2 degrees of artificially soil pollution with Pb: 1000 mg Pb/kg soil and concentration of EDTA with a ratio Ligand/Lead between 0 and 0.5 and 2000 mg Pb / kg soil and ratio Ligand/Lead between 0 and 0.4 and three growing cycles (Cycle 1, Cycle 2 - residual effect, Cycle 3 - residual effect).


Aminosalicylates are used as standard treatment for maintaining remission in ulcerative colitis. As yet, there is no other existing alternative with proven efficacy. In light of the hypothesis that the intestinal environment may contribute to the pathophysiology of ulcerative colitis, a trial was conducted to test the effects of probiotic treatment with an oral preparation of non‐pathogenic E. coli.


Objective To observe the clinical values and the limitations of using non-invasive BIPAP ventilation in the treatment of pulmono-encephalopathy.Methods Fifty-six pulmono-encephalopathy patients were treated by non-invasive BIPAP ventilation (treatment group) and another 56 were treated by regular method (control group). The two groups were compared on blood gas parameters and on clinical improvements before and after the treatments.Results The treatment group had achieved normal blood gas values after the treatment and had significantly better improvement in blood gas analysis and in clincial symptoms than the control group (P 0.01).Conclusion The treatment effects of using non-invasive BIPAP ventilation are obvious. It is of great value for those who have somewhat severe mental disorders or severe infections, or who have excessive mucinoid sputum which is difficult to spit out.


The study examines the influence of remuneration committee attributes on performance of finance companies for the period 2007-2011. Based on the data obtained from 37 finance companies listed under the finance segment of the main market of Bursa Malaysia, the result indicates significant positive relationship between RC attributes and firm performance. In terms of the coefficient of the variables, the result indicates that independent committee chair is significantly negatively related with accounting returns. This is contrary to agency theory and theoretically consistent with stewardship theory which suggests that executive directors are good stewards and in terms of conflict of the interest, the interest of the principal will prevail. This implies that the requirement for RC to be composed of only non-executive directors may not be the appropriate governance arrangement for finance companies. The result indicates a significant improvement in corporate governance in finance companies based on attributes of remuneration committee after the Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance was revised.


Abstract Titanium alloys, due to their biocompatibility and low stiffness, are among the most studied of metallic implant materials. Whereas most titanium-based biomaterials are produced from pre-alloyed powders, in this work the authors have utilised elemental powder to manufacture porous Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr alloys using a powder metallurgy technique based on the pressurised gas-induced expansion of pores. Samples of porous Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr alloy were prepared from a blend of elemental powders sealed into steel cans under a pressurised argon atmosphere. Following this, the pressurised cans were densified by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) at 1100 °C and 100 MPa for 4 hours, with cubic specimens from each can being treated in a vacuum furnace (1100,1225,1350 °C) for 10 hours in order to allow the pressurised pores to expand due to creep of the surrounding metal (foaming). Following this, the phase composition of HIP and foamed samples was characterised by x-ray diffraction (XRD), while microstructure and pore morphology were examined using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Mechanical testing under compressive loading was carried out at a strain rate of 10-3 s-1. Following HIP, XRD indicated the suppression of peaks related to α-Ti while microstructural analysis revealed the particle boundaries to have become diffuse due to the partial dissolution of Nb and Ta, with initial porosity levels being generally less than 3 %. Increasing the foaming temperature led to increases in porosity and proportion of α-Ti phase with a resulting decrease in elastic stiffness. These porous materials were concluded to be an attractive candidate for low stiffness biocompatible implant materials.


The current study evaluate the effect of aqueous extract from the shoot of Alhagi maurorum at different rates (0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 %, w/v) on some physiological parameters of pea. The pot experiment revealed that Alhagi maurorum aqueous extract reduced all growth parameters of pea plant. Also, photosynthesis pigments, insoluble sugars, total carbohydrate, total protein and total phenolics were markedly reduced in response to treatment with aqueous Alhagi extract. On other hand, soluble sugars, soluble protein, proline and flavonoids increased upon treatment with Alhagi maurorum extract.


The Udayapur earthquake of August 20, 1988 (M b 6.4, Ms 6.6, Origin time: 23:09:10, epicenter at 26.8 °N 86.6 °E and Focal depth 57 km) occurred in the Himalayan front arc which caused severe damage in the region will loss of 1100 lives. In the same epicentral region, a strong event of m b 5.4 has occurred on 20 April 1988. Anomalous seismic activity associated with these earthquake in Eastern Nepal and its adjoining region in an area bounded by 26.0°-29.0° N and 84.6°-88.4° E have been studied using seismicity data from 1975-1988. The preparatory zone is delineated using the temporal and the spatial distribution of earthquakes, considering the events with cutoff magnitude m b ≥ 4.3. Based on daily number of events as well as cumulative number of earthquake with time within the preparatory zone anomalous seismicity is recognized. Accordingly four anomalous episodes: Normal/ background (N); Anomalous/ swarm (A); Precursory gap (G) and Mainshock sequence (M) are identified. It is observed that the first mainshock (m b 5.4) was related to the second mainshock (m b 6.4) which was preceded by well defined patterns of anomalous seismicity/ precursory swarm which commenced about ten years and six months prior to mainshock. Keywords: Anomalous seismicity; Central Himalaya; South Eastern Nepal; Precursory swarm DOI: 10.3126/bibechana.v7i0.4050 BIBECHANA 7 (2011) 76-82


The columns in Table 2 are misaligned. Please see the corrected Table 2, labelled File S1, in the Supporting Information section of this correction. Copyright: ß 2014 The PLOS ONE Staff. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.


The article presents the results of an empirical study of the relationship between life time perspective and the peculiarities of cognitive assessment and emotional perception of the COVID-19 pandemic as a difficult life situation. The paper presents a theoretical review of current domestic and foreign studies of theories of life and time perspective within the psychological time of the individual. The life perspective is considered as a complex of conditions and circumstances that provide a person with the opportunity to develop on his life path. The time perspective is seen as a motivational aspect of life. In the work, to collect data, the survey method (questionnaire) was used, as well as Method for the diagnosis of cognitive assessment of difficult life situations by E.V. Bityutskaya; Questionnaire of Zimbardo's time perspective. The data were processed by methods of mathematical statistics (contingency tables, frequency, correlation analysis). The results of the psychological research showed that respondents with a pronounced perspective of orientation towards a positive past most often experience difficulties in making decisions in the present. Moreover, if a person is focused on the present, then most often it is accompanied by negative emotional states - apathy, despair, grief, anxiety. It was also found that respondents with a pronounced future orientation perspective do not experience strong negative emotions. Nevertheless, for the overwhelming majority of respondents, the future seems distant and vague, due to which they are unable to make plans and view their lives in the future. Many people are afraid to make plans in a pandemic situation, avoid responsibility, make impulsive decisions, seek pleasure, which increases the risks of social maladjustment.


The two known species of the genus Eoconuloides Cole and Bermudez are recorded and described for the first time from Eocene strata of the Indian subcontinent. Hitherto, the genus Eoconuloides represented by Eoconuloides parvulus (Cushman) and E. wellsi Cole and Bermudez was believed to be restricted to the Caribbean region. The presence of E. parvulus in the Jaisalmer basin and E. wellsi in the Bikaner basin of Rajasthan, northwestern India, is significant, as it negates the endemism of these larger foraminiferal species within the American province. The age determination of the Eocene rocks of Rajasthan was based on the ranges and assemblages of planktonic foraminifers and the presence and distribution of larger foraminifera. In Rajasthan, the first appearance datum of E. parvulus and E. wellsi is approximately three to four million years later than the Caribbean region. The paleobiogeographic implication of the occurrence of Eoconuloides in the Caribbean and northwestern India is discussed and localities where Eoconuloides may be found in the future are indicated. INTRODUCTION Species belonging to the genus Eoconuloides Cole and Bermudez 1944 have been found for the first time outside the Caribbean, and a study of their occurrence in northwestern India has been undertaken to evaluate their biostratigraphic and biogeographic importance. The two known species of the genus Eoconuloides, E. Parvalus and E. wellsi, have been found in the Eocene strata of western Rajasthan, India. The marine Eocene sequence in the sand-covered tracts of western Rajasthan is characterized by carbonate rocks interspersed with marl and shale intercalations. Eoconuloides wellsi is recorded and described from rocks exposed in a section six kilometers west of Srikolayatji town, Bikaner district. Eoconuloides parvulus occurs in the rock cuttings from the Tanot-I well (Oil India Limited) situated 145km northwest of Jaisalmer town (text-fig. 1). STRATIGRAPHY A Paleogene stratigraphic classification of the Rajasthan shelf was proposed by Narayanan (1964), Singh (1953, 1971), Das Gupta (1975), Singh (1976), Khosla (1973) and Kalia and Sharma (1985). In Srikolayatji, Bikaner, Early and Middle Eocene rocks contain good assemblage of smaller and larger benthic and planktonic foraminifera. The Eocene rocks at Srikolayatji, Bikaner are divided into two formations: the Kolayat Formation unconformably overlying the Paleocene Palana Formation is followed disconformably by the Bikaner Formation (text-fig. 2). The Eocene rocks of Jaisalmer basin are represented by calcareous shale and limestone of Khuiala and Bandah Formation (Das Gupta 1975) and an unnamed Upper Eocene interval of sixty-meter-thick coralline limestone (Kalia and Banerjee 1991) in the Tanot-I well section. The total thickness of the Eocene strata in the Tanot-I well is of the order of 746m (text-fig. 2). Planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy has been used for precise dating and correlation of the two sections in the Jaisalmer and Bikaner basins that were the source of the species of Eoconuloides described herein. The planktonic foraminifers are interspersed in the relatively deeper open-shelf segments, whereas the intervening shallower intervals are characterized by the abundance of larger foraminifera. The Eocene rocks have been dated on the basis of *Current address: Department of Geology, University of Pennsylvania, 240 Sout 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6316. ranges and assemblages of planktonic foraminifera and the presence and distribution of larger foraminifera (text-fig. 2). Important Eocene index planktonic foraminifera checklisted by Kalia (1978), Kalia and Sharma (1985) and Kalia and Banerjee (1991) are illustrated here (plate 2). Eoconuloides wellsi is recorded from twenty-meter-thick larger foraminiferal marls of the Bikaner Formation (text-fig. 2). The asociated foraminiferal fauna include a Middle Eocene assemblage of Truncorotaloides rohri (pl. 2, fig. 15), Globigerina officinalis (pl. 2, fig. 14), Morozovella lehneri, M. spinulosa (pl. 2, figs. 7, 10), Chiloguembelina cubensis (pl. 2, fig. 6), Turborotalia cerroazulensis possagonensis (pl. 2, figs. 4, 16) Discocyclina sella, D. sowerbyi, Nummulites stamineus, N. maculatus, Dictyconoides cooki, Alveolina elliptica and Flosculina sp. The presence of Turborotalia cerroazulensis possagnoensis, Morozovella lehneri and M. spinulosa within lower 10m of marl demarcate the Morozovella lehneri Zone (P12). The upper 10m of carbonate rocks belong to the Truncorotaloides rohri Zone (P14 Zone) as indicated by the presence of the zone marker species Truncorotaloides rohri occurring with Globigerina officinalis and Chiloguembelina cubensis. The absence of the P13 zone is taken to mark a disconformity in the Srikolayatji section (text-fig. 2). The geological range of E. wellsi is thus restricted to late Middle Eocene (Lutetian to Bartonian) in Rajasthan. Eoconuloides parvulus occurs in the larger foraminiferal limestone of the upper part of the Khuiala Formation and the lower part of the Bandah Foramtion. The larger foraminifera associated with E. parvulus are Assilina aspera, A. leymerie, A. laminosa, Nummulites atacicus and N. striatus. The characteristic assemblage of the P7 zone viz., Morozovellaformosa gracilis (pl. 2, fig. 5), M. subbotinae (pl. 2, fig. 3), Acarinina soldadoensis soldadoensis (pl. 2, figs. 8, 11) and A. soldadoensis angulosa (pl. 2, figs. 12, 13) extends just below the first appearance datum (FAD) of Eoconuloides parvulus. The last appearence datum of E. parvulus is marked by the association of Globigerinatheka mexicana kugleri (pl. 2, figs. 1, 2), Acarinina bullbrooki, Truncorotaloides topilensis (pl. 2, fig. 9), Nummulites striatus and N. beaumonti, signifying P11 Zone (text-fig. 2). The range of E. parvulus is thus limited to Late Ypresian to Early Lutetian (P8 to P10 Zones) in Rajasthan. micropaleontology, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 187-194, text-figures 1-3, plates 1-2, 1995 187 This content downloaded from 184.108.40.206 on Fri, 22 Jul 2016 04:38:42 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Prabha Kalia and Amit Banerjee: Occurrence of the genus Eoconuloides Cole and Bermudez 1944 in Rajasthan, India TEXT-FIGURE 1 Location Map. Localities for Eoconuloides bearing strata in Rajasthan are outlined by rectangle. SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTION The classification adapted in the present work follows Loeblich and Tappan (1988). Since the species recorded in the present study are well known from the Caribbean region, extensive synonymies have been omitted. A total of more than one hundred specimens evenly distributed between the two species were obtained. Repository: Figured and described specimens have been deposited at the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. Order FORAMINIFERIDA Superfamily ASTERIGERINACEA d'Orbigny 1839 Family BORELOIDIDAE Reiss 1963 Genus Eoconuloides Cole and Bermudez 1944 Eoconuloides parvulus (Cushman) 1919 Plate 1, figures 1, 7, 8, 12 Nummulites parvula CUSHMAN 1919, p. 51, pl. 4, figs. 3, 6. Amphistegina lopeztrigoi PALMER 1934, p. 225, pl. 15, figs. 6, 8.BARKER and GRIMSDALE 1936, p. 233, pl. 30, figs. 1, 2; pl. 32, figs. 1-3; pl. 34, fig. 1; pl. 38, fig. 3. COLE 1942, pp. 33, 34, pl. 15, figs. 2, 3; pl. 16, fig. 11. COLE 1944, p. 55, pl. 1, fig. 17; pl. 8, fig. 16; pl. 9, figs. 10-13. COLE and GRAVELL 1952, p. 714, pl. 91, figs. 6-8. LEVIN 1957, pp. 146, 147, pl. 4, figs. 8, 9, 13-14. Amphistegina senni Cushman in VAUGHAN 1945, p. 49, pl. 19, figs. 1-14. Tremastegina senni (Cushman) BRONNIMANN 1950, pp. 225-265, 7 text figs. Eoconuloides parvulus (Cushman) COLE 1969, pp. 80-82, pl. 16, figs. 1, 3, 5-7, 10, 12; pl. 17, fig. 5. Remarks: Amphistegina lopeztrigoi Palmer (1934) was originally described from Cuba and subsequently from Mexico (Barker and Grimsdale 1936) and Florida (Cole 1942, 1944; Applin and Jordan 1945). Cushman (in Vaughan 1945) described Amphistegina senni from Barbados, writing "This species differs from Amphistegina lopeztrigoi in its much smaller size, fewer chambers and few but more prominant bosses in the umbonal region". Bronnimann (1950) 188 This content downloaded from 126.96.36.199 on Fri, 22 Jul 2016 04:38:42 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Micropaleontology, vol. 41, no. 2, 1995 BIlKANn RtUGIUN (After Khosla. 1973: Kalia and Sharma. 1985)


Summary. Red cell NADH‐dependent methaemoglobin reductase (diaphorase) activity was estimated in 126 normal healthy adults and 556 newborns of the three major racial groups in Malaysia. The mean enzyme activity in adults was 3.34 units/mg Hb (SD ± 0.63) and in newborns 1.75 u/mg Hb (SD ± 0.48). The difference between the two means is statistically highly significant. Indians, both adults and infants had the lowest mean enzyme activity. Mean activity in a group of newborns whose birth weights were 2.7 kg or more was significantly higher than in a group with lower birth weights. Sixteen newborns had enzyme activity of less than 1 u/mg Hb. Two of them each had one parent whose enzyme level was also very low. Both parents of three others had normal enzyme activity. The lower limit of normal in newborns seemed to overlap with that found in subjects with hereditary methaemoglobin reductase deficiency. One newborn with an extremely low enzyme level had methaemoglobinaemia, but its genetic nature could not be proved because the parents were not available for study. Examination of 108 adults and 527 newborns for diaphorase electrophoretic variants revealed two different and unusual phenotypes in a few Chinese and Indians. Family studies showed that they are genetically determined.


Starting from analyzing on the present condition of enterprise cultu re in current society, this paper expounds the importance of establishing the en terprise culture, points out the important factors of establishing the enterpris e culture, and analyzes the positive influence of The Doctrine of the Mean, on e of the most important part of Chinese traditional culture, on the Construction of modern Chinese enterprise culture.


(1) ESA, ESRIN, via Galileo Galilei 00044 Frascati, Italy, (firstname.lastname@example.com), (2) International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), Hengelosestraat 99, P.O. Box 6, 7500 AA Enschede, The Netherlands, (3) Institute of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Vienna University of Technology, Gusshausstrase 27-29, 1040 Vienna, Austria, (4) Department of Hydrology and Geo-Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands, the Netherlands ("Richard de Jeu" ), (5) Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), P.O. Box 201 3730 AE De Bilt, The Netherlands (Roebeling, Rob (KNMI) ), (6) Deutscher Wetterdienst, Satellite Application Facility on Climate Monitoring, Offenbach, Germany (Schulz Jorg )


In this article we introduced the more economical,credible and practical scheme to apply computer network establishment for large or middle hospital,and explain essential technique character.


The importance of biodiversity has been explained with examples. The effort applied for the conservation of biodiversity in Nepal has been studied. I have also presented the species which are legally protected by the Nepal government. Keywords: biodiversity; wildlife reserves; aquatic animals DOI: 10.3126/bibechana.v6i0.3937 BIBECHANA Vol. 6, March 2010 pp.31-36