from this book as a far more sociable creature than popular mythology would have us believe. A graduate of Dalhousie University and the University of Toronto in philosophy and mathematics, Buckler had worked in a summer hotel in the United States and with Manufacturers Life in Toronto before moving back to the Valley in the 1930s to farm. He experienced several rewarding relationships with women, loved the attention of family and friends, and developed satisfying artistic relationships that included actor Arthur Kennedy, Esquire editor Arnold Gingrich, American novelist Harold Brown, photographer Hans Weber, writer 'Silver' Donald Cameron, and novelist Margaret Laurence. It was Laurence who paid Buckler one of his most meaningful compliments when she wrote: 'We, and I mean writers like me and all the young ones as well, owe you so damn much. You made it all possible. You showed us how to be ourselves.' Bissell includes similar accolades from Alice Munro and Marian Engel, and in doing so offsets many of the insights into self-doubt and despair that plagued Buckler's writing moments. The resulting book, strengthened by Bissell's unsentimental critical judgments and enlivened by Buckler's inimitable pointilliste style and wry comments, stands as a tribute to both Buckler the author and Bissell the biographer. (GWENDOLYN DAVIES)


To assess the best routes for the transport of dangerous goods in an area of 600 km2 in France, software based on a geographical information system was developed to manage, treat, and represent statistical and geographical data related to the evaluation of the risk of transport on a road network. The probability of an accident and release is derived from the links in a digitized network, provided by the Institut Geographique National (IGN) on a 1/50,000 scale, according to the links' characteristics. The active, student and nonactive population figures are from the 1982 census, and are distributed among categorized (i.e., urban, industrial) areas of administrative units called communes. The intersection of this population layout with an impact zone leads to a measure of the people exposed to damage. An impact zone is a corridor along a road; the diameter of the zone depends upon the nature and quantity of dangerous materials that are being transported. Multiplication of the accident probability by the num...


This article inquires into the appropriateness of scientific methods now used by a social science of communication for use by an emerging communication policy science. Toward this end, changes in the communication field leading to a policy science are considered, and some of the problems and possibilities in methods of inquiry are outlined. Questions of communication sciences and methods are then set in a multicultural historical perspective. The article concludes with suggestions on how uniquely appropriate methods might be developed for communication policy science.


Abstract In June 2011 the National Archives unveiled What's Cooking, Uncle Sam?, an exhibition of records tracing the government's effect on the American diet. It was the first National Archives exhibition to explore the topic of food and, as we discovered, it was a topic that opened many doors. Due to his personal interest in the subject, we formed a unique partnership with a local celebrity chef, José Andrés. Chef Andrés opened a companion restaurant to the exhibition and participated in the National Archives' America Eats program series. The richness of the content and the currency of the issues, together with Chef Andrés's involvement, resulted in unprecedented interest from the media and the public, raising the profile of the National Archives locally, nationally, and internationally. As a result, the exhibition, programming series, and social media initiatives were able to tap into a variety of new audiences for the National Archives.


Objective To analyse factors associated with onychomadesis in children,and to evaluate the relationship between onychomadesis and hand-foot-mouth disease (HMFD).Methods A retrospective study was performed.Clinical data were collected from 120 children with onychomadesis (average age,3.19 ± 2.06 years) and 120 sex-and age-matched patients with hemangioma.Viral detection was realized by real-time reverse transcriptionPCR in throat swab specimens.Data were analyzed by chi-square test using the SPSS 16.0 software.Results Of the 120 patients with onychomadesis,85 (70.83%) had a history of HMFD,which was 4 to 8 weeks prior to the occurrence of onychomadesis.Onychomadesis was strongly correlated with HMFD (OR,7.621,95% CI,4.292-13.531),but uncorrelated with the occurrence and peak of fever,abnormality of serum trace elements,existence of latent diseases,or the use of antipyretic drugs or antimicrobial drugs during the clinical course of HMFD (all P >0.05).Several viruses were detected in 39.7% of 68 throat swab specimens from patients with HMFD accompanied by onychomadesis,which included Coxsackievirus A16 in 9 patients,enterovirus 71 in 3 patients and unidentified enteroviruses in 15 patients.Conclusion Onychomadesis appears to be a complication of HMFD.


RNA editing is a prevalent nucleotide modification at the RNA level in higher plants. However, little is known about the dynamic distribution of RNA editing among tissues. In this study, we explored the tissue specificity of mitochondrial RNA editing in tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum ) based on publicly available RNA-seq data from four tobacco tissues: root, stem, leaf, and flower. As a result, 473 RNA editing sites involved in 60 mitochondrial genes were identified. The results showed an uneven distribution of editing sites among tobacco tissues, a total of 106 sites and 11 genes were identified as tissue-specific editing in the four tissues, and a total of 11 sites located in six genes were detected differentially edited statistically ( p -value < 0.01). The expression of RNA edited genes and RNA editing factors was analyzed, and we observed that most tissue-specific edited genes were expressed at a low level. There were about ~  20 RNA editing factors that were differentially expressed between different tissues, indicating that the heterogeneity of RNA editing in different tissues might result from the expression regulation of RNA editing factors. Our analyses provide insights into the understanding of landscape, regulation, and function of RNA editing events in higher plants. Dynamic landscape of conserved editing sites revealed the tissue specificity of mitochondrial RNA editing in tobacco.


Antioxidant systems of maize root cell walls grown on different nitrogen sources were evaluated. Plants were grown on a medium containing only NO 3 - or the mixture of NO 3 - +NH 4 + , in a 2:1 ratio. Eleven-day old plants, two days after the initiation of lateral roots, were used for the experiments. Cell walls were isolated from lateral roots and primary root segments, 2-7 cm from tip to base, representing zones of intense or decreased growth rates, respectively. Protein content and the activity of enzymes peroxidase, malate dehydrogenase and ascorbate oxidase ionically or covalently bound to the walls, as well as cell wall phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, were determined. Cell walls of plants grown on mixed N possess more developed enzymatic antioxidant systems and lower non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses than cell walls grown on NO 3 - . Irrespective of N treatment, the activities of all studied enzymes and protein content were higher in cell walls of lateral compared to primary roots. Phenolic content of cell walls isolated from lateral roots was higher in NO 3 - -grown than in mixed N grown plants. No significant differences could be observed in the isozyme patterns of cell wall peroxidases isolated from plants grown on different nutrient solution. Our results indicate that different N treatments modify the antioxidant systems of root cell walls. Treatment with NO 3 - resulted in an increase of constitutive phenolic content, while the combination of NO 3 - +NH 4 + elevated the redox enzyme activities in root cell walls.


The Series contains volumes of the proceedings of the annual conferences of the Scientific Society UID – Unione Italiana per il Disegno and the results of international meetings, research and symposia organised as part of the activities promoted or patronised by UID. The topics concern the Scientific Disciplinary Sector ICAR/17 Drawing with interdisciplinary research areas. The texts are in Italian or in the author's mother tongue (French, English, Portuguese, Spanish, German) and/or in English. The international Scientific Committee includes members of the UID Scientific Technical Committee and numerous other foreign scholars who are experts in the field of Representation. The volumes of the series can be published


We have measured the thermal conductivity {kappa} of ceramic Nd{sub 1.853}Ce{sub 0.147}CuO{sub {ital y}{minus}{delta}}. At low temperatures we observe an increase of {kappa} below the Nd magnetic ordering temperature due to an additional contribution of magnons to the heat current. At high temperatures the behavior is more nearly that of CuO than that of hole-doped high-temperature superconductors. The latter behavior is tentatively attributed to the absence of apical oxygen atoms.


An energy efficient 12-crate farrowing house was designed and evaluated on a South Carolina swine farm. Pig performance was 9.2 pigs weaned per litter with 5% mortality, both were better than the national average. Energy consumption was less than estimates for a conventional 12-crate farrowing house with estimates of savings ranging between $288 and $467. Winter operation requires extra herdsman attention during farrowing periods.


A dust collector (10) comprises an inlet pipe (12) for supplying a polluted air to a collection volume (14) in an inlet direction (16) and the inlet pipe (12) at least partially concentrically encloses outlet pipe (20) for evacuating the air which is followed counter to the intake direction (16) on the collection volume (14), wherein the collection volume (14) in the inlet direction (16) tapers conically. The embodiments of the present invention make it possible with simple constructional means to provide a dust separating apparatus with a high deposition rate, which is extremely favorable flow beyond so that it can be operated with a comparatively low motor power. This allows high separation an energy efficient dust collector can be provided.


The reduction of nitrate by adapted cells of Pseudomonas denitrificans has been studied in relation to oxygen concentrations present in the surrounding fluid. No nitrate reduction occurred when oxygen was continually present even at very low concentrations. It appears that the competition between oxygen and nitrate for the donor electrons so favors the oxygen that nitrate reduction only occurs when the supply of oxygen is inadequate to meet the demand.


Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) is one of the best-known clustering algorithms, however, FCM is significantly sensitive to the initial cluster center values and easily trapped in a local optimum. To overcome this problem, this study proposes and improved FCM with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm for high dimensional and unstructured sentiment clustering. PSO is applied for the determination of better cluster center initials. The results showed that FCM-PSO can provide better performance compared to the conventional FCM in terms of Rand Index, F-measure and Objective Function Values (OFV). The better OFV value indicates that FCM-PSO requires faster convergence time and better noise handling.


In recent years, Voice over IP (VoIP) has gained a lot of popularity and become an industry favorite over Public Switching Telephone Networks (PSTN) with regards to voice communication. This paper work consists of creating a VoIP network and testing for its known faults. Through this paper, we get a better understanding of the underlying layers of the network and see if and where improvements can be made. In implementation stage the Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) packets for VoIP applications had been sent and compared with TCP/UDP packets to obtain results which are mainly related to Quality of Service (QoS) factors. The attained result approved that RTP consider to be better to reduce a packet loss than UDP and also approved that UDP/RTP are most reliable because they had a very small delay and jitter in contrast with TCP. Hence, we find that, UDP/RTP are more balance and prefer than TCP in real-time applications such as VoIP.


ABSTRACT Leading up to the Pacific War, Japanese legations around the world undertook significant espionage and propaganda activities to either collect intelligence on potential adversaries, or to shape local opinion favourably towards Japanese expansionist policies. Australia was no exception. Japanese diplomats based in Sydney worked closely with Japanese corporations and local enablers in coordinating covert and overt activities which assisted Japan in preparing for war in the Pacific, and ultimately for war against Australia. Although Japan failed to collect high value military intelligence against Australia, and its subtle and well-organised local propaganda campaign could not erase negative public perceptions of Japanese militarism in China, its vast economic intelligence collection activities likely proved highly useful in rebuilding post-war relations with Australia.


Infection is a major complication of acute stroke and causes increased mortality and morbidity; however, current interventions do not prevent infection and improve clinical outcome in stroke patients. The mechanisms that underlie susceptibility to infection in these patients are unclear. Splenic marginal zone (MZ) B cells are innate-like lymphocytes that provide early defence against bacterial infection. Here we show experimental stroke in mice induces a marked loss of MZ B cells, deficiencies in capturing blood-borne antigen and suppression of circulating IgM. These deficits are accompanied by spontaneous bacterial lung infection. IgM levels are similarly suppressed in stroke patients. b -adrenergic receptor antagonism after experimental stroke prevents loss of splenic MZ B cells, preserves IgM levels, and reduces bacterial burden. These findings suggest that adrenergic-mediated loss of MZ B cells contributes to the infection-prone state after stroke and identify systemic B-cell disruption as a target for therapeutic manipulation.


It is shown that the distribution of element abundances with redshift in damped Lyα (DLA) systems can be adequately reproduced by the same evolutionary models reproducing the halo and disk components of the Milky Way Galaxy at different Galactocentric distances. In this sense, the DLA systems are well represented by normal spiral galaxies in their early evolutionary stages.


Deactivated and sterically hindered phenols have been
acetylated with acetic anhydride under microwave irradiation and using
iodine as catalyst in an eco-friendly process. The reaction was carried out
under solvent-free conditions and the acetates were obtained in nearly
quantitative yields with dramatic reduction of reaction time compared to
standard oil-bath heating.


Space missions always required reliable transfer of data between space and ground. We address the issue of enabling computational technologies addressing both the requirements of communicating at a higher level of abstraction between heterogeneous ground and on-board systems and the requirements of space communication protocol standards. Higher level protocol layers are presented in the context of a distributed interactive multi-agent architecture simulating flight and ground software systems controlling and transmitting information in a space telecommunication network. The resulting agent protocol include higher level protocols for inter-agent communication at the knowledge or application level used to negotiate goals, as well as lower end protocols for space mission data transmissions. The asynchronous behaviors present in network management mean that complex interactions can occur. Multi-layered control architectures based on interacting agents seem appropriate, allowing for logical decomposition of the decision-making processes, reflecting the inherent distributed nature of this type of systems and support the need for intelligent control and robustness. This paper: presents the use of a multi-agent system, emphasizing the interaction aspects of computational components and allowing for sharing higher-level information structures between components. This architectural approach allows for encapsulation of the main mission software functions and transparently ensures their interoperability.


In mobile ad hoc networks, common mobility during the communication of data causes route failure which results in path rediscovery. In this, we suggest Energy Efficient Alternative path routing topology for efficient local route recovery (EEAPR) in Mobile Ad hoc Networks . In this topology, every source and destination pair establishes multiple paths in the single route discovery and they are cached in their route caches. Approach: The cached routes be sorted on the basis of their bandwidth availability. In case of route failure within the main route, a resurgence node which is an eavesdrop neighbor, detects it plus establishes a local recovery path with maximum bandwidth from its route cache. Results: in simulation results, we explain that the proposed approach improves network presentation. Conclusion: The future route recovery management technique prevents the frequent collision and degradation in the network performance.


The essential oils of flowers, roots and herb (stems with leaves) of Sphaeranthus indicus Kurz. (Asteraceae) from southern India were investigated by gas chromatographic-spectroscopic (GC-FID and GC-MS) and olfactoric methods to identify those compounds responsible for the characteristic odor as well as partly for the folk medicinal use of this plant. More than 95 volatiles were found to be constituents of the three essential S. indicus oils with following composition of main components: flower oil: β-eudesmol (21.4%), 2,5-dimethoxy-p-cymene (16.2%), β-caryophyllene (7.8%), τ-cadinol (7.2%). caryophyllene oxide (6.9%) and α-eudesmol (4.5%); root oil: 2,5-dimethoxy-pcymene (28.3%), τ-cadinol (25.3%), (2)-arteannuic alcohol (10.1 %), β-maaliene (3.9%) and caryophyllene oxide (3.1%); herb oil: 2,5-dimethoxy-p-cymene (27.0%), τ-cadinol (12.5%), β-eudesmol (9.1 %), α-eudesmol (7.0%) and caroyphyllene oxide (4.7%). In addition, the odor impressions of the samples are described and the possible use of the essential Sphaeranthus indicus oils in medicinal, cosmetic and food flavoring discussed.


The law of 16 December 2010, according to the explanatory statement was the "second stage of modernization of french territorial structures", after reform of the "territorial State" undertaken in 2007 under the General Review of Public Policies (RGPP), which strengthens the position of the regional level. Although in the drafting of the law be raised aimed at the rationalization of territorial organization, the reality is that what was intended was the reduction of public expenditures, including those of the territorial entities. But as noted in the article nor the territorial reform has been completed or the success of their implementation underway is guaranteed.


The invention relates to a candied rice puff with vision health function, relating to the technical field of food processing. The candied rice puff is prepared from the following components by weight percent: 8-10% of puffed rice, 45-55% of maltose, 3-5% of tea leaf, 10-15% of ficus carica, 10-15% of mulberry, 1-2% of peanut oil, 0.5-1% of ginger juice and 1-2% of water. The candied rice puff with vision health function has the beneficial effects that the formula of the traditional candied rice puff is changed, and the prepared candied rice puff is rich in nutrition, has a health-care efficacy on eyes.


Sixty five cases of pityriasis versicolor were treated with 1% Tioconazole dermal cream twice daily for three weeks in an open study to determine its efficacy. They were assessed before treatment and at one, two, three and six weeks after initiation of therapy. Fifty three patients (81.5%) were completely cured while twelve patients (18.5%) had recurrence on discontinuation of therapy. Five patients (7.5%) had side effects in the form of itching and burning which however, did not necessitate interruption of treatment (JPMA 34: 361 1984).


Abstract Introduction : Blinatumomab, an anti-CD3/CD19 bispecific T-cell engager antibody construct, showed antileukemic activity and significantly longer overall survival (OS) vs SOC in adults with advanced Philadelphia chromosome-negative R/R ALL (median OS 7.7 vs 4.0 months; P=0.01) (N Engl J Med 2017;376:836−847). Here we aimed to identify baseline biomarkers that were prognostic (disease-related) or predictive (treatment-related) of clinical outcomes. Methods : Adults with R/R ALL (refractory to primary induction therapy or salvage therapy, first relapse Results : A total of 405 patients received blinatumomab (n=271) or SOC (n=134). Baseline characteristics including age, prior alloHCT, salvage status, granulocytes, platelets, and lymphocyte subpopulations (CD45+ CD3+ CD8+, CD45+ CD3- CD19+, and CD3+) were generally balanced between treatment arms. Associations of baseline biomarkers with clinical outcomes are presented in the table. Higher platelet counts were associated with decreased risk of death (HR 0.43; 95% CI 0.29-0.65) and increased CR (odds ratio [OR] 4.12; 95% CI 2.04-8.33) and CR/CRh/CRi (HR 1.64; 95% CI 0.90-2.99). Higher granulocyte counts were associated with decreased risk of death (HR 0.75; 95% CI 0.57-0.99), whereas total leukocyte counts were not (HR 1.04; 95% CI 0.70-1.54). Lower BM blast percentage was associated with increased CR (OR 0.90; 95% CI 0.82-0.97) and CR/CRh/CRi (OR 0.87; 95% CI 0.80-0.95) but not OS (HR 1.04; 95% CI 0.98-1.09). Higher CD3+ T cells were associated with increased MRD response (OR 1.75; 95% CI 0.99-3.08). Higher counts of CD45+ CD3- CD19+ cells increased the risk of death for blinatumomab patients (HR 1.19; 95% CI 1.09-1.29) but also was not associated with a survival advantage for SOC patients (HR 1.03; 95% CI 0.93-1.15). Higher CD45+ CD3+ CD8+ T cells were associated with increased CR (OR 1.39; 95% CI 1.18-1.65) and CR/CRh/CRi (OR 1.44; 95% CI 1.22-1.70) in patients treated with blinatumomab but did not correlate with increased hematologic response in SOC patients. Multiple logistic regression modeling for adverse events (AEs) of interest showed that BM blasts and lymphocyte markers (CD3+ and CD45+ CD3+ CD8+) were not associated with grade ≥3 neurologic events, infections, or cytokine release syndrome. Conclusions : Higher platelet and granulocyte counts, lower BM blasts, and higher numbers of CD3+ T cells were prognostic for improved OS, hematologic response, and MRD response, respectively, in patients with R/R ALL who received blinatumomab vs SOC. A higher frequency of CD45+ CD3+ CD8+ cells was predictive of increased hematologic response to blinatumomab, whereas a higher frequency of CD45+ CD3- CD19+ cells was predictive of decreased OS. BM blast percentage and lymphocyte markers were not associated with AEs of interest. Overall, these data demonstrate that responses to blinatumomab can be seen across a variety of subgroups, including those expressing specific baseline biomarkers. Further study is needed to identify subgroups most likely to benefit from blinatumomab. Download : Download high-res image (88KB) Download : Download full-size image Disclosures Wei: AbbVie, Celgene, Servier: Research Funding; AbbVie, Celgene, Novartis, Amgen, Servier: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; AbbVie, Celgene, Novartis, Amgen, Servier: Honoraria. Ribera: Janssen: Honoraria; Gilead: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; Pfizer: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Amgen Inc.: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Incyte: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; ARIAD: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Roche: Honoraria. Larson: Daiichi Sankyo: Consultancy, Research Funding; Astellas: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding; Amgen Inc.: Research Funding. Ritchie: Amgen Inc.: Honoraria. Chen: Amgen Inc.: Employment, Other: Stock holder. Dos Santos: Amgen Inc.: Employment. Zimmerman: Amgen Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership. Kantarjian: Novartis: Research Funding; Bristol-Meyers Squibb: Research Funding; Amgen: Research Funding; Pfizer: Research Funding; Delta-Fly Pharma: Research Funding; ARIAD: Research Funding.


This research paper attempts to have an in-depth understanding of PAD (presentation-assimilation-discussion) teaching methodology applied in a modern Chinese college course, which is College English Writing class, from the perspective of the Grounded Theory. Based on a detailed introduction and analysis of the Grounded Theory, this research makes efforts to answer such a question that how PAD teaching methodology is applied in modern Chinese College English Writing class as well as how it helps Chinese college students learn in their College English Writing class. The PAD teaching methodology in modern Chinese College English Writing class is a new type of teaching mode, being divided into three processes: presentation, assimilation and discussion (which is the co-called PAD). The key innovation in the PAD teaching methodology in modern Chinese College English Writing class is to stagger the lectures and discussions in time, so that students have a week time for personalized assimilation, which mobilizes students' interest in learning, promotes students' enthusiasm, cultivates students' learning autonomy, and improves the quality of the teaching of College English Writing class. As a qualitative research, this paper employs methods of literature synthesis and comparative analysis to reach such a conclusion that PAD teaching methodology does help and facilitate modern Chinese college students in their learning of College English Writing class. An important perspective from the Grounded Theory has provided a strong support to further verify the necessary role that PAD teaching methodology has played in modern Chinese College English Writing class.


Recently, cervical arthroplasty with total disc replacement by an artifi tial dynamic prosthesis is a signifi cant alternative for treatment degenerative disease of the cervical spine. It allows itself the opportunity to preserve movement generating stability as well as avoiding adjacent level degeneration. Currently, there are a variety of multiple options for artifi cial disc devices available in the market. We applied the principal biomechanics concepts and material knowledge to analyze fi ve of the most utilized artifi cial discs (PCM®, Bryan Disc®, Cervidisc®, Prodisc C® y Prestige I®), by giving a score in each of different evaluations. The idea as a conclusion in to offer to


Selective internal radiation therapy (or radioembolization) by intra‐arterial injection of radioactive yttrium‐90‐loaded microspheres is increasingly used for the treatment of patients with liver metastases or primary liver cancer. The high‐dose beta‐radiation penetrates an average of only 2.5 mm from the source, thus limiting its effects to the site of delivery. However, the off‐target diversion of yttrium‐90 microspheres to tissues other than the tumor may lead to complications. The most prominent of these complications include radiation gastritis and gastrointestinal ulcers, cholecystitis, radiation pneumonitis, and radioembolization‐induced liver disease, which may occur despite careful pretreatment planning. Thus, selective internal radiation therapy demands an expert multidisciplinary team approach in order to provide comprehensive care for patients. This review provides recommendations to multidisciplinary teams on the optimal medical processes in order to ensure the safe delivery of selective internal radiation therapy. Based on the best available published evidence and expert opinion, we recommend the most appropriate strategies for the prevention, early diagnosis, and management of potential radiation injury to the liver and to other organs. (Hepatology 2017;66:969–982).


Due to the defects in the syllabus design and teaching methodology in the undergraduate computer science education in our country,it is difficult for the undergraduate students to find jobs after they graduate.This article analyzes the features of the Microsoft IT curriculum for universities and discusses the necessity of introducing the curriculum into the undergraduate education of computer science so as to reform the original curriculum.


Ergodicity for a nonlinear age-dependent population model with diffusion and T-periodic vital rates is investigated. The existence of at most one non trivial T-periodic and nonnegative separable solution is proved.


We estimate the effect of early child development on maternal labor force participation. Mothers of poorly developing children may remain at home to care for their children. Alternatively, mothers may enter the labor force to pay for additional educational and health resources. Which action dominates is the empirical question we answer in this paper. We control for the potential endogeneity of child development by using an instrumental variables approach, uniquely exploiting exogenous variation in child development associated with child handedness. We find that a one unit increase in poor child development decreases maternal labor force participation by approximately 10 percentage points.


AbstractThis study aimed to estimate water quality–based minimum environmental flow (Eflow) of a river under the impact of different plausible scenarios. The water quality model QUAL2K was deployed...


. The work is related to investigation of the possibility of increasing the energy efficiency of the heat-exchange network of a vacuum distillation unit at a delayed coking facility, as well as an applying the economic effect evaluation practices of the implemented integration measures for the enterprise modernization. The purpose of the work is to increase a thermal energy recovery of a chemical-technological system and to reduce a percentage of external heat carriers in the overall energy consumption structure of the refinery. The task is achieved by applying design algorithms of a pinch analysis. The most important result of the work is the proven possibility of reducing the external heat carriers' energy by 1.87 MW and increasing the thermal energy recovery inside the system to 11.26 MW. The significance of the obtained results lies in the fact that the final integrational schemas of heat exchange networks can be used for the actual modernization of the observed manufacture, as well as the considered principles can be adapted by engineers of any other processing industry for the sake of production facilities improvement. The tools of composite curves and grid diagrams are used to determine the energy saving potential of the observed system. The cost curves tools carry out the search of an optimal minimum temperature difference value. Final results are provided in the form of a grid diagram of an integrated heat-exchange system. According to the economic assessment of the implementation effectiveness for developed modernization project, the payback period will not exceed three years.


participants addressed during their discussions about their photographs. Additionally, there are three in-depth case studies exploring the photographic narratives of the three research participants the author felt most strongly exemplified meaningful themes emerging from the study. In the case study chapters, the author provides participant photographs juxtaposed with interview excerpts, or what she refers to as narrative threads, as data exemplars.


A study was undertaken to analyse the non-essential heavy metals viz. aluminium, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, mercury and lead in commercially available Ready-To-Eat chicken meat products (chicken 65, chilly chicken, grilled chicken and tandoori chicken) collected from street food outlets at different regions of Chennai city. Totally 288 samples (72 samples for each product) were collected and analysed using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Results revealed that, among the three regions southern region had higher concentration of cadmium (2.21±0.65 ppm), chromium (2.82±1.58 ppm) and lead (4.00±2.07 ppm) whereas aluminium (12.30±2.99) and arsenic (0.38±0.18) were noticed in central region. Higher mercury (0.12±0.10) was noticed in northern region. Among the products grilled chicken samples had higher concentrations of aluminium, arsenic, and lead. Based on the results it was concluded that, heavy metals like arsenic and mercury in ready-to-eat chicken meat products were within the limits of prescribed standard whereas aluminium, cadmium, chromium, and lead were slightly higher than the permissible limits set by different regulatory agencies for meat and meat products. The reason for these higher values may be due to the ingredients, cooking methods and cooking utensils used for the preparation of chicken meat products and also the extraneous contaminants.


The authors consider the problem of computing the scattered field from finite, cylindrical dielectric targets with a cross section that varies gently in one dimension. An approximate technique is devised to obtain the equivalent volumetric currents induced inside the dielectric target. This technique consists of slicing the dielectric target along the axis of which the cross section varies. The current on each slice is taken to be the same as that on a 2-D cylinder with the same cross section. This 2-D problem is solved using the moment method. The volumetric current is then found by assuming that the current varies linearly between each slice. This theory was tested on three dielectric targets. The backscatter radar-cross-section (RCS), backscatter frequency response, and corresponding impulse response were calculated for transverse-magnetic (TM) polarization. This technique greatly reduces the memory and CPU time required to solve these dielectric scattering problems while at the same time yielding excellent results.<<ETX>>


The invention discloses an anti-leakage continuous settlement joint structure for a huge building and an installation method of anti-leakage continuous settlement joint structure. The method comprises the following steps: cutting concrete on both sides of a settlement joint, and polishing and cleaning a floor; installing functional grooves, bonding the functional grooves with the floor through epoxy region, connecting adjacent functional grooves in an overlapping way, bonding the functional grooves at overlapping positions with the epoxy resin, and introducing the functional grooves to a down pipe; adding a stiffened steel plate on a road surface above the functional grooves; pouring elastic concrete above and around the stiffened steel plate. Through the steps of cutting the concrete on both sides of a settlement joint, installing the functional grooves, placing the stiffened steel plate, pouring the elastic concrete and the like, the expansion deformation of the floors and the settlement changes of adjacent floors can be met, and the vehicle passing is met; moreover, a drainage groove is established for draining rain water in the joint from the peripheral down pipe, so that downward leakage of rain water is prevented. The technical scheme of the invention has the advantages of less procedures, low cost, prevention of damage, and the like.


Partial root-zone drying irrigation (PRD) has been established as an efficient technology to save water without sacrificing crop yield, but its effectiveness in saving nutrients and reducing the impact on soil and water environment is less well understood. In this paper, we present the results of a field experimental study with potatoes to demonstrate that PRD can save not only water but also nitrogen. It keeps soil water at 90% of the field capacity, alternately keeping half of the roots dry in both subsurface-drip and furrow PRD. The measurements of soil nitrogen after harvest revealed that the residual mineral nitrogen in the soil from 0 to 30cm deep reduced by 29.72% and 17.05% respectively under drip PRD and furrow PRD compared to the corresponding full irrigation. Similarly, for soil in depth from 30 to 60cm, these increases to 13.52% and 33.17% respectively under drip full irrigation and furrow full irrigation compared to the corresponding PRD irrigation. It indicates a significant decrease in nitrogen leaching when irrigated using drip PRD.


We consider the problem of how to construct the curvature perturbation $\zeta$ to nonlinear levels, which is expected to evolve time independently on super-horizon scales; in particular we concentrate on the situation where the universe is dominated by a perfect fluid. We have used a low energy/long wavelength effective action to model the fluid sector. Different from previous work, our approach assumes neither the absence of vector and tensor perturbations nor ``local homogeneity and isotropy''. As a corollary, we also show that the nonlinearly defined graviton field $\gamma_{ij}$ is conserved outside the horizon in the same manner as $\zeta$ is.


This study investigates the relationships between stock price, stock trading volume, and bid-ask spread for 45 firms on the US stock market. To study the nature, extent, and direction of these relationships, we used the Johansen co-integration test, the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), and the Vector Autoregressive Model (VAR). The analysis indicated that in 62% of the firms, price and volume were co-integrated in the sense that they had a long-run positive equilibrium relationship. On the other hand, the majority of firms showed no relationship between price and spread or volume and spread. In 73% of the firms, there was no relationship between price and spread. Also, 78% of the firms showed no relationship between volume and spread. There was little evidence for co-integration between price and spread or volume and spread. Price and spread were co-integrated in only three firms and volume and spread in two firms. Of interest was the fact that the group of firms that showed a co-integrated relationship between price and volume had group means for return on equity (ROE), return on equity per share, (ROE-S) and return on assets (ROA) that were twice as high as those for the group of firms where volume and price were not related. Also, they had a smaller group mean for total debt to assets ratio than the firms with no relationship between price and volume. These financial ratios are of importance in investment. They give investors the ability to assess a company's financial structure and determine if the company is a suitable investment. Hence, they could be a driving force behind the co-integrated relationship between price and volume.


The publication of Feng Tang's translation of Stray Birds has aroused great controversy, but there are still many excellent translations in Feng's version. Based on Reiss's theory of translation criticism, this paper analyzes Zheng Zhenduo's and Feng Tang's translations reasonably and comprehensively so as to point out the highlights of Feng's rendering from the perspectives of the intralingual elements including vocabulary, semantics, grammar and style and the extralingual elements such as the context, translation purposes


Critically ill newborns often need to undergo invasive procedures that may bring discomfort
and pain. This is very worrying because at newborn age the brain undergoes,
in a relatively short time, an extreme growth and transformation, which makes the
brain more susceptible to perturbation than at any other time of life. From a study performed
in our Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) – at the Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's
hospital Rotterdam, the Netherlands – we learned that patients on average experienced
an astonishingly high number of 14 painful procedures per day. Up to 65% of these
patients did not receive appropriate analgesic therapy.
At the time of that study, some ten years ago, pain treatment generally consisted of
opioids as these had been proven effective for postoperative pain relief in preterm
born infants. However, there was no evidence that they would be equally effective for
other types of pain than postoperative pain. To learn more about the effects of morphine
administration to critically ill newborns we set up a next study together with the
Isala Clinics Zwolle. This randomized controlled trial (RCT), in which 150 neonates on
ventilatory support received either continuous morphine or placebo, demonstrated
no beneficial effect of continuous morphine on neurological outcome or pain and was
therefore not recommended as 'standard of care' in this vulnerable population. This
was later confirmed by a larger RCT, the so-called NEOPAIN trial3, and a meta-analysis.


Object iv e To observe the intermediate-term results of the H /G total hip arthroplast y.Methods Thirty-fivecases(40hips)with the H /G THA were reviewed with an average of 7.5years fol-low-up(range,6to10.2years).In th is grou p,the primary lesions of hip included avascular necrosis of femoral head(1 2hips,10cases),congenital dysplasia of hip(9hips,8cases),femoral ne ck fracture(8hips,8cases),osteoarthritis(4hips,4cases),reversion(3 hips,3cases)and ankylosing spondylitis(4hips,2cas-es).The clinical res ults were scored with Harris methods.The roentgenographic results were analyzed with Am stutz meth ods.Results Theclinical average Harris scores were95in3-year follow-up,89in5-year fol-low-up,83in7.5-year follow-up. Roentgenographic results of femoral components showed20hips with in-tra medu llary ossification,18hips with cortical hypertrophy around the distal prosthe ses,25hips with lo cal re-di olucent line,10hips with osteolysis in femu r calar and2hips with implants subsiding less than7mm.Roentgenographic resul ts of acetabular component revealed20hips with radi olucent line(8compo n ents with around radiolu cent,12components with local radiolucent ),7hips with osteolysis and1hip with polyethylene lining defluxion.Conclusion Theresul ts of clinical and roentgenographic performance in mid-dle-term is not as go od as that in short-term.The abnormal bone reaction is evidently higher in mid dle-term than in short-term.Though the above-mentioned manifestation is only restricted on the roentgenogram with-out clinic symptom,however,further fol low-up is need ed.It should be noted that one case had revi sion be-cause of the polyethylene lining defluxion resulted from clip loosening on the metal ace tabular com po nent ;although this seldom happens both at home and abroad,more attention should be paid to the revi sion case re-sulted from the mechanical m alfunction not from the prosthesis loosening.


Parallel, scientific applications running on massively parallel supercomputers commonly produce large numbers of large data files. While parallel filesystems improve the performance of file generation, post-processing activities such as archiving and compressing the data or performing routine format transformations are often run sequentially (and therefore slowly), squandering the supercomputer's vast performance. Consequently, data that take hours to generate may take days to post-process. Because post-processing often consists of running a relatively small set of shell commands on a relatively large number of files and because most parallel-application developers are comfortable with MPI we propose turning the shell itself into an MPI program and exposing common MPI functions directly to user-written shell scripts. Our implementation, MPI-Bash, has been used to date to speed up the compression, archiving, and transfer of large files but can conceivably be applied to numerous other purposes.


espanolThe general objective of the present thesis is the study and development of low molecular weight gelators with photonic and biomedical applications. The thesis is divided in five sections as follows: Orthogonal fibrillization resulting in gel formation of photoactive compounds is reported. A very efficient EET between complementary fluorophores, acridine and 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide, has been shown. The system described here differs from previously reported related cases in that fibrillization of both donor and acceptor is a requisite for the light manipulation. This fact together with the reversible nature of molecular gels affords tunable photonic soft materials. Aggregation induced emission (AIE) in several derivatives of 1,8-naphthalimide moiety has been studied. Some of the derivatives form molecular hydrogels that self-organize in sample-spanning networks. As far as we know observation of such strong AIE in self-assembled gels of 1,8-naphtalimide derivatives in aqueous media is unprecedented (Φf = 30 %) and opens the way for biomedical related applications. Besides, It is observed that the fibrillar assembly is associated to AIE with emission at ca. 405 nm reading a remarkable enhancement of the fluorescence intensity of 4700% Notably, compounds showing non-fibrillar aggregation also experience AIE but emission is shifted to ca. 460 nm, which can be ascribed to excimer formation. Therefore, the aggregation mode modulates the wavelength of the emitted light. Miniaturization of macroscopic molecular gels into molecular nano- and microgels and the ability of these molecular particles to load and release actives, as well as act as intracellular carriers was demonstrated as proof of concept. The stimuli-responsiveness of the nanogels was investigated, showing relatively size insensitivity to temperature, dilution and salt content. Molecular microgels were also synthesized in this way by precipitation method and its loading and release abilities were investigated showing high loading capacity of different dyes and photosensitizers that in turn, has been used, tentatively, as in vitro photodynamic therapy agent. New hybrid systems, combining supramolecular photonic gels of naphthalimide derivatives and upconverting NaYF4:Yb/Tm nanoparticles (UCNPs), have been prepared. The hybrid system reversibly, manipulates light as a result of an optical communication between the UCNPs and the photoactive gel network. Moreover, synthesis of a new hybrid nanomaterial, which can be suspended in water (Dye+UCNP@1 NGs), was developed with the idea of applying it in photodynamic therapy in deep tissues. Good dispersion and stabilization of oleic acid coated core-shell UCNPs was achieved by incorporation into organic nanoparticles (nanogels). The singlet oxygen production upon IR irradiation confirmed the energy transfer process and reveals very interesting potential uses as photodynamic agents. The aggregation in aqueous media 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide (ANI) derivatives, and their reactivity towards dissolved nitric oxide in aerated medium have been studied. It has been found that the ANI fluorophore experiences deamination upon exposure to NO in aerated aqueous systems, with the concomitant fluorescence turn-off process. This deamination mechanism is found to be dependent on the architecture of the molecule and its supramolecular organization. Systems with tendency to form self-assembled structures which orientate the reactive amine towards the aqueous solvent, display an attenuated reactivity. Others are completely insensitive, that is de case of those whose reactive amine is completely buried inside hydrophobic regions. catalaL'objectiu general de la tesi es l'estudi i desenvolupament de molecules de baix pes molecular que s'auto-assemblen per a ser utilitzades en aplicacions fotoniques i biomediques. Es sintetitzaran i caracteritzaran noves families de gelants de baix pes molecular derivats d'aminoacids que tenen fraccions fluorescents. S'avaluara el proces de transferencia d'energia que es duu a terme en gels moleculars reversibles auto-assemblats com a possible simil de sistemes naturals. S'estudiara la construccio d'un nou gel versatil que respongui als estimuls i que sofreix fenomens d'emissio induits per agregacio degut a l'auto-organitzacio en fibres. S'estudia la miniaturitzacio de gels moleculars macroscopics en nano i microgels moleculars. Es realitzara un estudi fonamental d'un nou material hibrid basat en les relacions estructurals i energetiques entre dues arees d'interes: Els gels moleculars fluorescents i les nanoparticules de conversio ascendent. S'estudia el comportament del cromofor 4-amino-1,8-naftalimida en sistemes autoensamblats com a sensor d'oxid nitric (NO).


Underwater acoustic lenses are used as a beamformer for underwater imaging. However, lenses have aberrations, causing blur or distortion to acoustic images. A thin aspherical single lens is effective for aberration correction without attenuation or reflection of the sound wave. We have designed hyperbolic and aplanatic Fresnel lenses made of silicone rubber. However, the Fresnel lenses were too thin and soft to retain their shape. In this study, we designed acrylic covers to maintain the shape of Fresnel lenses, and we evaluated the effects of the covers on the convergence property by calculations and experiments. The covers were designed on the basis of wave theory. The optimal thickness was determined to be half of the wavelength in the cover. As a result, the covers did not effect the location of focal points. The covered aplanatic Fresnel lens showed an almost uniform gain in the range from 0 to 20 ; however, the gain was lower than that of the uncovered lens. The covered hyperbolic Fresnel lens produced almost the same shape of the sound distribution as the uncovered hyperbolic Fresnel lens but with a lower gain than that of the uncovered lens at all incident angles. In conclusion, the covers decreased the lens gain but did not affect the angular properties. Thus, the covers are expected to contribute to practical applications using Fresnel lenses.


Objective To investigate the effects of different doses of simvastatin on serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in patients with chronic renal failure during maintenance hemodialysis.Methods Sixty-eight patients with chronic renal failure during maintenance hemodialysis were randomly divided into three groups,in which 34 patients were given routine therapy and 20 mg simvastatin once daily for 24 weeks,and 34 patients were given routine therapy and 40 mg simvastatin once daily for 24 weeks.The serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α were measured before and after therapy with ELISA method.Results The serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α significantly lowered 24 weeks after treatment in the two simvastatin treated groups(P0.05 in all),especially in the 40 mg simvastatin group.Conclusion Micro-inflammatory state exists in patients with chronic renal failure during maintenance hemodialysis.Simvastatin intervention may decrease dose-dependently the serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α.


paper describes a Videoconferencing System using Open Source Technologies for the hospital systems connected through internet. There may be a situation where patient is present in a rural hospital where sufficient expert doctors are not available. To handle such situations, doctor present in the remote hospital may need to contact an expert to take his advice for better treatment of the patient. This paper discusses the use of graphical user interface for Low Cost Videoconferencing System to provide communication in situations. For our conceptual Videoconferencing Platform, we have developed the features like live audio video, text chat, video recording, user management and quality control. Videoconferencing modules have been carried out using open source technologies like Red5, XML and other languages like Action Scripting, Adobe Flash CS3 and J2EE.


Based on some simulation figures of chemical composition and technology parameters on graphite floatation in ductile iron, the effects of influence factors and reasons for graphite floatation were discussed. These figures play an important role in eliminating this defect and improving casting quality of ductile cast iron.


Copper wire bonding is an alternative interconnection technology that serves as a viable and cost saving alternative to gold wire bonding. In this paper, ultrasonic wedge bonding with 25 ㎛ copper wire on Au/Ni/Cu metallization of a PCB substrate was performed at ambient temperature. The central composite design of experiment (DOE) approach was applied to optimize the copper wire wedge bonding process parameters. After that, pull test of the wedge bond was performed to study the bond strength and to find the optimum bonding parameters. SEM was used to observe the cross section of the wedge bond. The pull test results show good performance of the wedge bond. Additionally, DOE results gave the optimized parameter for both the first bond and the second bond. Cross section analysis shows a continuous interconnection between the copper wire and Au/Ni/Cu metallization. The diffusion of Cu into the Au layer was also observed.


The utility model discloses a discrete tinnitus masker, which comprises a signal generation/storage unit and a signal playing unit, wherein, a signal generator generating a masking signal, a storage with an external masking signal input interface and a radio transmitting unit which transmits the masking signal in a radio wave mode are arranged in the signal generation/storage unit. A wireless receiving unit receiving the masking signal, a station amplifier magnifying the received masking signal and a speaker transducing and outputting the masking signal after being magnified are arranged in the signal playing unit. By adopting the discrete tinnitus masker, and because the signal generation/storage unit is separated from the signal playing unit, the discrete tinnitus masker can fully guarantee the function and the performance of the tinnitus masker even under the condition of small volume.


A 42-year-oldman presentedwith a 3-day history of epigastric pain and tarry stools. On physical examination the hemodynamics were stable, and the patient had a pallor and mild epigastric tenderness. Blood tests revealed a hemoglobin level of 7.7g/dL, and a chest X-ray showed a rim of free gas under the diaphragm. On abdominal computed tomography, focal dilatation was noted over the greater curve of the stomach, exaggerated by the presence of organized debris with hyperdensities suspicious of blood or food particles (●" Fig.1). In view of his stable condition, the patient was treated conservatively. However, on follow-up esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) 2 weeks later, a 4-cm outpouching, containing small amounts of coffee-ground substances and food residue, was noted on the greater curvature of the stomach (●" Fig.2). Overall, the features were suggestive of a gastric diverticulum that had previously bled and was perforated. The patient underwent laparoscopic-stapled diverticulectomy, and pathological examination revealed gastric mucosal herniations without muscular coating, compatible with a false diverticulum of the stomach. Gastric diverticulum is a rare diverticulum with around 200 cases reported in the literature [1], with a prevalence between 0.01% and 0.11% [2,3]. There is no gender predilection and the presenting age ranges from 20 to 60 years. Most individuals remain asymptomatic but complications such as bleeding and perforation can occur [1,2,4]. Gastric diverticula can be congenital or acquired [5]. The congenital diverticula are true diverticula and account for 72% of all cases [4]. They are usually within 2–3cm of the esophagogastric junction and are believed to occur as a result of intrauterine malformation or interruption of fetal development. Acquired diverticula are false diverticula, containing only the gastric mucosa. These diverticula may be due to gastric outlet obstruction, repeated vomiting, acute cholecystitis, pancreatitis, or hepatic or splenic adhesions. Surgical resection is the recommended treatment in symptomatic patients, with laparoscopic diverticulectomy being the preferred approach.


The joint Department of Defense (DoD)/Department of Energy (DOE) Munitions Technology Development Program is a cooperative, jointly funded effort of research and development to improve nonnuclear munitions technology across all service mission areas. This program is enabled under a Memorandum of Understanding, approved in 1985 between the DoD and the DOE, that tasks the nuclear weapons laboratories of the DOE to solve problems in conventional defense. The selection of the technical areas to be investigated is based on their importance to the military services, the needs that are common to the conventional and nuclear weapons programs, the expertise of the performing organization, and the perceived benefit to the overall national defense efforts. The research benefits both DoD and DOE programs; therefore, funding, planning, and monitoring are joint activities. Technology Coordination Groups (TCGs), organized by topical areas, serve as technology liaisons between the DoD and DOE for the exchange of information. The members of the TCGs are technical experts who meet semiannually in an informal workshop format to coordinate multiagency requirements, establish project plans, monitor technical activity, and develop classification guidance. A technical advisory committee of senior DoD and DOE managers administers the program and provides guidance on policy and strategy.more » The abstracts in this volume were collected from the technical progress report for fiscal year 1993. The annual report is organized by major technology areas. Telephone and fax numbers for the principal contacts are provided with each abstract.« less


Coil spring made from circle stem of steel spring in the form of coil shape. Loading of dynamic is an important factor in designing material that is used for dynamic movement like running. This is caused by electric force is usually bigger than the weight of the item itself. The objective of this final report is to know the degree of maximum exhaustion which happened to coil spring model because the exhaustion factor onto spring of Toyota Kijang Innova Type G. This is caused by dynamic load that cause the decrease of elasticity spring frequently until the coil spring broken ( Kristo, Chief Engineer, PT. Toyota- Astra Motor) so that in completing this analysis using software Ansys ver. 8.0.that able to account scores/data accurately. As a result, the accuracy of the data is much better than manually. Besides, it makes it easy to know simulation of the suspense distribution. Moreover, it doesn?t take longer time to know the result. Finally, after doing the analysis, the spring is still safe to use because under license. Keyword : Pegas koil; Analisa Dinamis; Ansys 8.0 Related Link : http://skripsi.umm.ac.id/files/disk1/304/jiptummpp-gdl-s1-2009-furqanfakh-15191-01+PENDA-N.pdf


The flowers of Polemonium caeruleum are protandrous. The nectary is in the form of a rim encircling the ovary. Secreted nectar accumulates in a chamber located at the bottom of the floral tube and is protected by dense staminal hairs. The nectary tissue is not vascularized, but is supplied by vascular strands that occur near the base of the nectary and which directly supply the stamens. Nectar is secreted via modified stomata located on the upper part of the rim, particularly on the adaxial surface. The number of stomata and the volume and sugar concentration of nectar are greater during the female stage than during the male stage. In both stages, however, the nectar is sucrose-dominant. This paper shows that in P. caeruleum the nectar sugars are not a direct product of current photosynthesis, since plastids of nectary cells are devoid of chlorophyll. The main source of sugars in secreted nectar is the phloem sap, together with starch that accumulates in the nectary cells during the male stage and is then rapidly hydrolyzed during the female stage.


Napoleon made family law, notably the establishment of filiation and the rights of children born out of wedlock, an eminently political matter. In the spirit of the Code civil, the re-establishment of the family, passing via a distinction between legitimate and illegitimate children, was to be the germ of the restoration of social order. But whilst general interest implied, in Cambaceres' words, the sacrifice of the rights of children born outside marriage, many appeal courts were concerned with what would happen to these children. They feared that the codification of 1804 would be excessively harsh in depriving them of the successoral equality that Revolutionary law had granted them. They were as a result careful to make the Code as egalitarian as they could in this respect, notably in the setting of aliments for children born in adultery or from incest at the same level as that which illegitimate children could expect to inherit from their parents. The fact is, whilst civil legislation granted these children protection although without putting them on the level of legitimate children, it was nevertheless guided in its utilitarian vision by the desire to preserve social order.


OBJECTIVES
Using next-generation sequencing (NGS) to determine whether aggressive periodontitis is associated with specific mitochondrial polymorphisms.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 165 unrelated Han Chinese were enrolled in the study. We analyzed the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in 97 patients with aggressive periodontitis and 68 healthy controls by NGS. The mitochondrial DNA was L-PCR-amplified and subsequently sequenced by an Illumina Genome Analyzer (NGS). Chi-square tests were used to assess the differences between the two groups. In cases of significant difference, multivariate logistic regression models were further used to analyze the association between mtDNA polymorphisms and aggressive periodontitis.

RESULTS
Significant association was observed between aggressive periodontitis and eight mitochondrial polymorphisms: "8860G-10400C" (OR=2.828, P=0.002), "8701A" (OR =2.308, P=0.005) "12705C-10398A" (OR=2.683, P=0.002), "9540C" (OR =3.838, P=0.001) and "10873T-15043G" (OR=4.375, P=0.001) CONCLUSIONS: The pathogenesis of aggressive periodontitis is complicated, and its heredity is not well characterized. Our study was the first to use next-generation sequencing and found that 8860G-10400C, 8701A, 12705C-10398A, 9540C and 10873T-15043G are associated with aggressive periodontitis in the Han Chinese population.


With the ever-increasing penetration level of renewable generation sources, a modern power system is facing more inevitable uncertainties that could lead to weakly damped oscillations. Detecting coherency among synchronous generators is one of the key steps of situational awareness for a given power system with a very high level of renewable penetration. In this paper, a wide-area measurement system (WAMS) based coherency detection algorithm employing the kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) and clustering analysis based on affinity propagation (AP) is proposed for a power system with extensive penetration of renewable generation sources. First, several trajectory similarity indexes are presented for determining the similarity between the trajectories of any two generators in the center of inertia coordinate. Second, a KPCA-based method is presented to integrate the trajectory similarity indexes for addressing the correlations among multiple indexes. Next, the AP-based clustering analysis method is utilized to detect the coherency among synchronous generators without the need of prespecifying the number of clusters. Finally, Southern China power system and a part of northern China power system with Zhangbei wind farms included, both with very high levels of renewable generation penetration, are utilized to demonstrate the proposed WAMS-based coherency detection methodology, and the application to actual Guangdong power system in south China to verify the applicability and practicality.


PurposeAdopting the unified theory of the acceptance and use of technology 2 (UTAUT2) and the theory of substitutability, this study examines both the technical and sensory factors influencing Malaysians' intention to adopt virtual tours (IA) and subsequent intention to visit an actual heritage site (IV) in the heritage traveling decision-making process.Design/methodology/approachThis study collected a total of 278 valid survey responses via purposive sampling. The data were analyzed using SPSS26 and SmartPLS4 software.FindingsThe findings support the significant positive effect of IA on IV, which supplements evidence to subdue misapprehensions that virtual tours (VTs) are competitors or substitutes for in-person visitations. Perceived substitutability was found to have an indirect impact on IV through IA, further proving the mediating role of IA in influencing IV. Technical and sensory factors, namely performance expectancy, hedonic motivation, habit and perceived substitutability of IA, were shown to be critical in influencing IA; however, effort expectancy, social influence and facilitating conditions were not.Practical implicationsThis study offers sustainable and practical implications to the tourism industry as well as potential visitors, who can utilize VTs to determine whether targeted tourism destinations are worthy of investing their resources. The findings suggest that the virtual tour experience contributes to tourists' IV by successfully piquing tourists' interest to physically visit heritage sites in the future. The virtual tour could be utilized to generate demand in times of temporary replacement or closure. Destination marketing organizations and destination management companies should consider the technical and sensory aspects of VTs, specifically prioritizing the hedonic motivation factor.Originality/valueThis study integrates the UTAUT2 and theory of substitutability to shed light on the adoption of technological alternatives in the heritage tourism context. Importantly, this study serves as the pioneer effort in examining the interplay of perceived substitutability in the relationship between IA and IV.


IN the surgical treatment of cancer diathermy is of great value for the reduction of capillary haemorrhages; it is also thought to minimize the chance of wound recurrence. While it may destroy any tumour with which it comes in contact, there is no evidence that the incidence of local recurrence of the tumour is reduced by its use. This experiment was devised to see whether there is any risk from the use of diathermy in cancer surgery. were housed 6 to a cage and fed on 'oxoid' breeding diet with water ad libitum. The Walker 256 tumour from the Chester Beatty Cancer Institute was maintained by subcutaneous implantation of tumour-cell suspension, at 10-14-day intervals, in animals of the same strain. The tumour suspension was prepared by cutting up a 10-day-old tumour in Hank's tissue-culture solution. The filtered suspension was counted; all undamaged


ABSTRACT Simultaneous biosorption and bioreduction experienced by Cr(VI) species were initially validated by mixing 500 µM of Cr(VI) with 0.20 g of sawdust biosorbent. Accordingly, a complete disappearance of Cr(VI) species with emergence of 25% of Cr(III) ions was recorded; evidencing that both processes transpired simultaneously. An increase in the initial Cr(VI) concentration to 1500 µM could further induce more reduced Cr(VI) concentration. The enhancement of Cr(VI) biosorption and bioreduction was found to occur upon increasing the sawdust dosage to 4 g L−1 and decreasing the solution pH to 2. However, the presence of a Zn(II) co-pollutant at 2500 µM had deteriorated the removal of Cr(VI) species.


Human-monkey conflicts reached crisis proportions in Sri Lanka over the last 10 years due to extensive deforestation to promote rapid economic growth and agricultural expansion.  This resulted in complaints from the public with demands for Sri Lanka's Department of Wildlife Conservation (DWC) to solve the problem without delay.  Caught between political pressure and public outcry, the DWC's efforts to deal with the crisis gradually fell into disarray.  To overcome this, the SPEARS Foundation--, offered to help the DWC to develop a strategic plan to deal with human-monkey conflicts.  This plan was developed through a series of workshops and submitted to the Ministry of Sustainable Development and Wildlife in March 2016 for approval.  During and after the development of the strategy, some of its key elements were implemented by the SPEARS Foundation.  One of these elements was documenting details of human-monkey conflict from letters of complaint received by DWC.  This information was used to initiate a series of field surveys to identify sites suitable for long-term protection of monkeys and other wildlife.  When these areas are identified they would be designated as community conservation areas (CCAs), and managed by local stakeholders on a sustainable basis under the supervision of DWC.  Establishing CCAs is a new paradigm for Sri Lanka to conserve wildlife while benefitting local communities.  Its details were presented in the strategic plan submitted to the government.  In this paper, we present the information obtained from the letters of complaint received by DWC and discuss its details.  In subsequent reports, we will discuss the results of our field surveys to identify areas suitable for the establishment of CCAs.


A new design of a point contact microwave detector constructed on the basis of the charge carrier heating phenomena in a semiconductor is presented. The voltage sensitivity of the detector is increased by introducing an n-type Al0.3Ga0.7As/GaAs hetero-junction as an additional nonlinear element connected in series with the non-injecting point contact. When measured at room temperature in the X-band frequency range, the voltage sensitivity of this detector is 20 times greater than the sensitivity of the usual diode with a non-injecting point contact.


This study aimed to identify the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on the profitability of the industrial companies in Jordan. We used a descriptive approach for the purposes of the study. The sample of the study consists of (50) workers in the industrial companies in Jordan to obtain the answers of the questionnaires. Statistical packages for social sciences (SPSS) program was used for descriptive analysis for the variables of this study (awareness & guidance campaigns, donations & establish non-profit projects and support projects and charities associations). The most important findings indicate that there is a significant relationship between CSR activities and profitability of the industrial companies in general and there is effect of the variables Provide donations & establish non-profit projects and support projects & charities associations on the profitability of industrial companies in particular. The study recommends that the Industrial companies should increase the efficiency of workers constantly in order to improve efficiency and productivity to maxinamize profits, Industrial companies should pay more attention to public interest for the community. Key words: CSR; Industrial; Companies; Marketing; Profit; Jordan


The activities of Cu/Mn/Mg/K catalyst with different supporter have been investigated in methanol decomposition reaction as function of copper support interaction, dispersion and valency structure of copper and pore structure of catalysts. XRD, TPR, XPS and BET methods are used to characterize the structure of catalysts and interaction between CuO/Cu and support. The results indicated that the Cu/Mn/Mg/K catalyst is much better than conventional Cu/Zn/Al catalyst in methanol decomposition, the supporters behave differently, and the catalyst supported on Al 2O 3 gives the best result.


Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its increasing incidence and prevalence worldwide underscore the significance of understanding its epidemiology and implications on public health. CD imposes a substantial burden on affected individuals, causing recurrent symptoms, complications, and reduced quality of life. The theoretical framework of CD encompasses its definition, surgical treatment options, and potential complications. Surgical intervention remains a crucial aspect of disease management, with a majority of CD patients requiring surgery at some point during their lifetime. Bowel resection and strictureplasty are commonly employed surgical techniques to address strictures and complications, aiming to preserve intestinal function and improve patient outcomes. Complications, including disease recurrence and postoperative complications, pose challenges in the management of CD. Long-term follow-up and collaboration between medical and surgical teams are essential for optimizing patient care and outcomes. The discussion emphasizes the multidisciplinary approach to CD management, involving gastroenterologists, surgeons, and nutritionists. Minimally invasive techniques and enhanced recovery protocols have improved patient experiences and outcomes. Future research aims to enhance disease understanding, identify biomarkers for disease activity, and explore novel therapeutic targets to improve outcomes and quality of life for patients with CD. In conclusion, CD represents a complex and challenging inflammatory bowel disease with significant implications for patients and healthcare systems. By integrating the theoretical framework, surgical management, and ongoing research efforts, healthcare professionals can optimize CD management and enhance patient outcomes.


Mobile marketing is a relatively new branch of marketing, referring to the twoway marketing communication between company and customers that takes place via mobile devices. The effectiveness of marketing campaigns has been greatly increased when mobile devices have been used in conjunction with traditional media and in that case potential customers show more intention to purchase. Implementation of mobile marketing strategy in marketing management is a complex and demanding process. To make the implementation possible, companies should first examine the socio-cultural and technological factors which dominate on the market. Mobile marketing has a great impact on all elements of the marketing mix and allows companies to develop products with the shape and characteristics which are desirable with existing and potential clients. Besides, mobile marketing offers complete control over pricing and distribution and provides great promotional activities through mobile devices such as advertising, sales promotion and direct marketing. It has been a significant role and importance of mobile marketing in the system of marketing management where stands out the importance of multiplatform advertising (tv+iPhone+iPad).


The timely and regularly clean for long-time use disconnecting switches are important for prolonging their lifetime. Laser cleaning for metal rust has the advantage of zero pollution. Fast speed and parameters can be adjusted to various sites. This paper introduces the development of laser cleaner for rust on disconnecting switches. Comparing results under different parameters in labs and sites, this paper concludes that when the laser power is 20W and the scanning speed is 2500mm/s, the device has a better cleaning effect.


The vibrational spectrum of Et3NH+ Cl− and Et3 N H+ Br− has been examined in the v NH+ range. In the solid state, the Raman spectrum shows a well-defined doublet while the infrared band profile is very large and shows a resonance window fixed at 2510 cm−1. The same effect is observed for both salts dissolved in 1,2 dichloroethane. The formation of hydrogen bonded complexes between the anions Cl− or Br− and some phenol derivatives brings about a frequency shift of the vNH+ band toward higher wavenumbers. This shift depends on the acidity of the phenol derivative and on its concentration. For these complexes, a window also appears at 2510 cm−1; this negative absorption probably arises from a Fermi resonance with the rocking vibration of the methyl group.


Classically, to teach histology it is necessary to use a complete collection of human tissues stained with different histological methods. These normal histological structures are organized with specific patterns that characterize different organs and tissues. Infrequently their histological pattern is similar to human expression, organs, or artworks. In this article, we show a histological image of the tongue, which is a muscular organ with rich innervations and irrigation. Transversally, it is possible to observe all 545398 IJSXXX10.1177/1066896914545398International Journal of Surgical Pathology 22(6)Ruyffelaert et al research-article2014


nvariably directed at discovering the biological potential of the sites. In this case, the Oti-Keran-Mandouri complex is analysed from its potential as a historical site capable of offering ecotourism. Using ethnographic surveys, indivisual interviews and on-site fieldwork, a total of 52 historical sites comprehending ancestral caves, relics of Colonial times and other places contextually important in the history of the people were identified, proving that there is an enormous latent ecotourism potential.


A free vibration analysis of Kirchhoff plates resti ng on continuous internal supports has been presented in the paper. Using the pr oposed approach, there is no need to introduce Kirchhoff forces at the plate corner and equivalent shear forces at the plate boundary. Two unknown and independent variables are considered at the boundary element node. The Bettie theorem has been used to crea te the boundary integral equation. The collocation version of boundary element method with "constant" type of elements has been presented. The source points are located s lightly outside the plate boundary, hence the quasi-diagonal integrals of fundamental functions are non-singular.


A technique of pictorially synthesizing facial imagery using optical videodiscs under computer control is described. Search, selection and averagin processes are performed on a catalogue of whole faces and facial features to yield a composite, expressive, recognizable face. An immediate application of this techique is the reconstruction of a particular face from memory for police identification, thus the project is called, IDENTIDISC. Part I-FACEMAKER describes the production and implementation of the IDENTIDISC system to produce composite faces. Part II-EXPRESSIONMAKER describes animation techniques to add expression and motion to composite faces. Expression sequences are manipulated to make 'anyface' make any face. Historical precedents of making facial composites, theories of facial recognition, classification and expression are also discussed. This thesis is accompanied by two copies of FACEMAKER-III, an optical videodisc produced at the Architecture Machine Group in 1982. The disc can be played on an optical videodisc player. The length is approximately 15,0000 frames. Frame numbers are indicated in the text by [ 1. Thesis Supervisor: Andrew Lippman Title: Assistant Professor of Media Technology The work reported.herein was supported by the Cybernetics Technology Division of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, under Contract No. MDA-9.03-8-C-0097.


The present invention provides compositions and cilostazol preparation having a high oral bioavailability. Cilostazol composition of the present invention is characterized by containing cilostazol, proline and sodium stearyl fumarate; cilostazol, sodium stearyl fumarate and the mass ratio is preferably proline 1: 1: 1. The cilostazol composition method of the present invention, the following procedure was followed: proline dissolved in ethanol, sodium stearyl fumarate was then added to give a dispersion adjuvants; Cilostazol dissolved in ethanol, to give Drug dispersion; and the dispersion liquid pharmaceutical excipients mixed dispersion liquid, the recovery of ethanol, and dried to obtain.


In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the construction of rural tourism, and tourists' demand for rural tourism public services has become stronger and stronger. Through the objective and fair evaluation of rural tourism public service performance, on the one hand, it is helpful to improve the overall satisfaction of tourists to rural tourism. On the other hand, it can also ensure the efficiency of public service financial investment and expenditure. Firstly, on the basis of theoretical summary and hierarchical analysis, this paper constructs the performance evaluation index system of rural tourism public service from five aspects of infrastructure services, public transport services, public information services, security services, and public environmental services. Then taking China as an example, the performance of rural tourism public service is evaluated by analytic hierarchy process. The results show that the construction of hard environment such as public transport services, security services, and infrastructure services is a key factor in the construction of rural tourism public services. Finally, according to the evaluation results obtained in this paper, some suggestions are put forward for the development of rural tourism and the improvement of public service quality in the future.


This essay will discuss the need for the humanities to address visual culture studies as part of its interdisciplinary mission in today's university. Although mostly unnoticed in recent debates in the humanities over historical and theoretical frameworks, the relatively new field of visual culture has emerged as a corrective to a growing disciplinary territorialism on the part of art history. A study of the theoretical purview of visual culture reveals that it in truth encompasses a continuation of art history's initial interdisciplinary humanist project of cultural critique initiated by Aby Warburg and Erwin Panofsky. This article will argue that art history's inability to fully appreciate visual culture's relevance in today's research and pedagogical settings has given the humanities the opportunity to address a field which is rooted in the humanities' project of interdisciplinary inquiry.


Existing tax relations between the taxpayer and the Internal Revenue Service within American federal regulations are based on the so-called Alternative Dispute Resolutions (hereafter ADR), a set of procedures that seek not only to lend speed and efficiency to controversies of a fiscal nature by means of a resolution reached by consensus, but also to offer taxpayers the opportunity to reach a desirable agreement, 1 firstname.lastname@example.com


This article examines how students in a multidisciplinary project-based learning course involving real customers perceive their interactions with their customers. The authors conducted a qualitative study and analysed students' learning reports by means of a thematic network analysis. The analysis shows how students perceive their status in relation to their customers and how their perceptions of their work affect how they see the value of the projects. The authors consider their empirical findings in the context of the existing literature on university–industry collaboration and thereby summarize different scenarios of the contrasting working practices and priorities in academia and industry. Based on the observed similarities between their own analysis and results reported in the literature, the authors recommend that project-based learning researchers should pay greater attention to research done on university–industry collaboration.


Fatih Cakmak, as an economist has the curiosity to reveal the mysteries over the application of competition law to the supermarkets.


A palynological study of 23 samples of black and green claystones of middle Cretaceous age recovered from DSDP Sites 417 and 418 documents the position of a subtropical flora interference belt in a climatically differentiated North Atlantic realm. A relatively large dinoflagellate/pollen ratio and lack of significant wood cuticle suggest moderately long-distance transportation of landderived components by surface currents. These components tend to decrease numerically upsection, but show a uniform composition. These sediments fit into the pollen-zones I, II, and III ranging from the early Aptian to early Cenomanian (Doyle and Robbins, 1977). Several new angiosperm forms are identified, including the oldest known occurrence of a monoporate form. Dinoflagellates, acritarchs, and microforaminifers dominate the palynomorpn spectrum. Their occurrence is closely linked with complex lithologies interbedded on a decimeter scale. The palynomorphs are equally well preserved, but vary in abundance in the black and green claystones and are rare in nannofossil chalks, radiolarian sands, or red-brown clays to marls. The overall sedimentation rate appears to have been slow, but individual thin, carbonaceous black clay beds are commonly dominated by a single dinoflagellate species which may be evidence of high productivity following circulation events in a closed basin.


Abstract : A preliminary survey of anchorages for deep ocean construction was made to define areas were present technology is lagging. This report summarizes the findings by discussing requirements, present technology, and major problems. A proposed program to develop a deep ocean anchorage capability is offered. (Author)


An efficient method for uncertainty analysis of flow in random porous media is explored in this study, on the basis of combination of Karhunen‐Loeve expansion and probabilistic collocation method (PCM). The random log transformed hydraulic conductivity field is represented by the Karhunen‐Loeve expansion and the hydraulic head is expressed by the polynomial chaos expansion. Probabilistic collocation method is used to determine the coefficients of the polynomial chaos expansion by solving for the hydraulic head fields for different sets of collocation points. The procedure is straightforward and analogous to the Monte Carlo method, but the number of simulations required in PCM is significantly reduced. Steady state flows in saturated random porous media are simulated with the probabilistic collocation method, and comparisons are made with other stochastic methods: Monte Carlo method, the traditional polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) approach based on Galerkin scheme, and the moment‐equation approach based on Karhunen‐Loeve expansion (KLME). This study reveals that PCM and KLME are more efficient than the Galerkin PCE approach. While the computational efforts are greatly reduced compared to the direct sampling Monte Carlo method, the PCM and KLME approaches are able to accurately estimate the statistical moments and probability density function of the hydraulic head.


tag=1 data=Cull or be killed? by Greg Roberts

tag=2 data=Roberts, Greg

tag=3 data=The Bulletin,

tag=4 data=116

tag=5 data=5906

tag=6 data=8 February 1994

tag=7 data=28-29.

tag=8 data=CROCODILES

tag=10 data=A fatal crocodile attack has sparked off debate about to what extent saltwater crocodiles should be removed from their natural habitat.

tag=11 data=1994/6/2

tag=12 data=94/0173

tag=13 data=CAB


PERFORMANCE CRITERIA FOR AN IDEAL PASSIVE RESTRAINT SYSTEM ARE DISCUSSED. THE INFLATABLE AIR CUSHION APPEARS ABLE TO MEET THESE CRITERIA BUT MAY REQUIRE REDESIGN OF A NUMBER OF THE VEHICLE SUB-SYSTEMS. THE DESIGN AND OPERATION OF AN AIR BAG SYSTEM ARE DISCUSSED. /HSL/


The imaging and ultra-sensitive detection of infrared radiation for cryogenic target in space and deep space exploration have significant application value. The radiation intensity of the target below 300 K is quite faint, whose corresponding characteristic radiation wavelength is very long. Blocked impurity band (BIB) detectors are one of the most important members in far-infrared detectors, with advantages of wide spectrum coverage, high sensitivity, low dark current, good resistance to cosmic particle radiation and capable of meeting the stringent requirements of astronomical exploration in far-infrared waveband. Getting start from the demands of infrared astronomical detection, this article represents the current status and progress on infrared astronomy, infrared detectors for astronomy and the blocked impurity band detectors. Additionally, the device structure and simplified physical model of BIB detectors are well-covered.


Bolgiano focuses particularly on conscientious entrepreneurs who run small alternative timber operations—which she graphically describes in words and illustrates with photos. She's very specific about sustainable methods of forestry, but her book is also full of human-interest stories. Especially memorable in these pages are the philosophical horse-logger Jason Rutledge and his troubled apprentice Todd Buchanan. Bolgiano visits them at length and draws the reader into their lives vicariously. Meanwhile, Bolgiano is deftly explaining things like Smartwoodcertified lumber and its specialty markets—how-to-do-it information for forest-preservation advocates who want to get their own hands working. We learn of "best-management practices" and learn about


The post-9/11 environment, in which inter-state and inter-agency cooperation has at times been preferred to the detriment of the security and rights of individuals, is a context that Canada and many European nations share. This broad survey is intended to provide those interested in government investigations into the torture and detention of their citizens abroad with food for thought. The Canadian experience reveals that there are costs associated with the involvement of state officials in the dubious treatment of citizens: costs for institutions, individuals and political parties. Furthermore, there is no doubt that investigations are an essential part of the accountability process and that setting up a process that is independent, public and effective is a significant challenge. The O'Connor and Iacobucci inquiries are important not just because of the themes we can extract from their findings – themes relating to the sharing of information, the training of officials, the provision of consular services and other issues found in the experiences of many different countries. They are also important because of the way they sought to balance the elements required for a legitimate and successful inquiry with the demands of national security confidentiality. This work was prepared as part of the EU–Canada project – The Changing Landscape of Justice and Home Affairs Cooperation in the European Union and EU–Canada Relations – funded by the European Commission, Directorate-General for External Relations, Relations with the US and Canada. This project assesses the relations between the European Union (EU) and Canada in the area of Justice and Home Affairs (JHA). It aims at facilitating a better understanding of the concepts, nature, implications and future prospects related to the Europeanization of JHA in the EU, as well as its role and dilemmas in the context of EU–Canada relations.


BACKGROUND: Ingenol mebutate (IngMeb) is approved for the field treatment of actinic keratosis (AK) in areas up to 25 cm2. OBJECTIVE: This phase 2, dose-ranging clinical study investigated the efficacy and safety of IngMeb in larger areas on trunk and extremities in patients with AK (NCT01998984). METHODS: Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallelgroup, vehicle-controlled 8-week clinical study, investigating efficacy and safety of 0.06% IngMeb gel for larger areas applied as field treatment once daily for 2, 3, or 4 consecutive days (2D, 3D, 4D) to approximately 250 cm2 on the trunk or extremities in patients with 5–20 clinically typical AKs in the treatment area. Six individual components of LSRs were assessed on a scale from 0 to 4, yielding a maximum composite score of 24. Efficacy was assessed by AK count on days 31 and 56. LSRs and adverse events were assessed on days 1, 5, 10, 17, 31, and 56. Photo-damage outcome was assessed at day 56. Patients completed a burning sensation diary (reported as 'application-site burning' adverse event) on all treatment days. RESULTS: 224 patients (92 US; 132 AUS) were randomized. In each treatment group, at least 87% of patients completed all treatments. Median age was 68 years; 64% were men, all were white, 99% had Fitzpatrick skin type I–III, with lighter skin types in AU than in US. The median history of AK was 12 years (US 8 years; AU 17 years). Baseline mean AK count in the treatment area was 12.2 (US 10.4; AUS 13.5). In 88% of patients the treatment area was the arm. Complete clearance at week 8 was achieved in 12.7% (2D), 5.1% (3D), and 26.8% (4D) vs 0% (vehicle) of patients, with a substantial variation depending on country and baseline AK count. The reduction in AK count at week 8 compared to baseline was significantly (P < .001) greater than with vehicle: 63.0% (2D); 66.8% (3D); 73.6% (4D) vs 11.9% (vehicle) with a dose response trend. Global photodamage outcome assessment showed improvement for 80% (2D), 86% (3D), 98% (4D) vs 9% (vehicle) of patients. The composite LSR score peaked at day 5 or 10 for 2D, and day 5 for 3D and 4D, declined and was minimal at week 4. The mean peak composite LSR score for the three active treatments was higher than for vehicle with a dose response trend: 8.8 (2D); 9.5 (3D); 12.4 (4D) vs 2.2 (vehicle). The 2D and 3D treatments were well tolerated; however, the 4D arm was not tolerated, and was stopped during the trial based on predefined termination criteria. The most common adverse drug reactions were application-site pain/burning (81.8%; 84.7%; 87.8% vs 4.9%) and application-site pruritus (34.5%; 45.8%; 28.6% vs 3.3%) in 2D, 3D, 4D, and vehicle groups, respectively. LIMITATIONS: Phase 2 trial with limited amount of data. CONCLUSION: The 2D and 3D treatments with 0.06% IngMeb gel for larger areas were well tolerated and effective in reducing the AK count in the treated field on trunk and extremities. The 4D treatment was effective but not tolerable. CORRESPONDENCE: Daniel Siegel, Long Island Skin Cancer and Dermatologic Surgery, 994 Jericho Turnpike, Suite 103, New York, New York 11787. DISCLOSURES: All authors received medical writing support from iMed Comms, an Ashfield Company, part of UDG Healthcare plc, which was funded by LEO Pharma A/S. D Siegel reports receiving research support and consultancy fees from LEO Pharma A/S. E Tanghetti reports receiving research support from LEO Pharma A/S. N Brody reports no additional conflicts of interest. M Freeman reports no additional conflicts of interest. T Skov, AH Petersen and F Clonier are employees of LEO Pharma A/S. L Spelman reports receiving consultancy fees, speaker honoraria, or travel assistance, and/or participated in clinical trials for AbbVie, Amgen, Anacor, Ascent Biopharmaceuticals, Astellas, Australian Wool Innovation, Blaze Bioscience, Celgene, Celtaxsys, Dermira, Eli Lilly, Galderma, Genentech, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Kythera, LEO Pharma, MedImmune, Merck, Novartis, Otsuka, Phosphagenics, Regeneron, Roche, Stiefel, and Trius.


VRLA battery,also known as"maintenance-free"battery,is widely applied in the telecommunications industry.The manufacturers and users are extremely concerned about its failure and early-termination of lifetime.The method commonly accepted now is'Constant Current Deep Discharge Testing Method'.But this method is not only time- consuming but also non-real-time.Meanwhile,the power and environment supervision system can store all runtime data about VRLA battery.With its help,this article gives a method which combines manual testing with intelligent analysis and takes the deviation between running environment and best environment suggested by the battery manufacturer as the capacity assessment.The rule is simple:more deviation means more losses of capacity and requires more manual testing. It will improve the relevance and effectiveness of manual testing.In addition,with using this method,the user can effectively improve the VRLA battery environment and its lifetime.


Teacher talk in the EFL classroom has been an interesting research for language specialists and also an intriguing topic among teachers. It is claimed that a foreign language (FL) should be the main language in the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms. The use of the mother tongue (L1) is not forbidden but it is advised not to use it very frequently. Code-switching is a process that very often occurs in the EFL classrooms. This process has a very negative connotation among monolinguals. They claim that teachers who code-switch do not know either language well enough to communicate. There has been a lot of discussion about the mother tongue use in the EFL classrooms. Along with the advantages of using the mother tongue, there are disadvantages which seem to be the main focus among linguists and some teachers who claim that the mother tongue in the EFL classroom can have a negative effect on language learning. The main focus of this research was to provide answers to the questions: What are the advantages and disadvantages of a mother tongue use in the EFL classroom? In which situations does the teacher switch to L1? When and why do teachers code-switch? Does code-switching occur when teachers are speaking in the FL (in English) or in L1 (in Croatian)? Participants of the research were learners (N=28, 1st and 5th graders) of English as a foreign language and their English teacher. The focus was primarily on teacher talk. Data were collected by audio-recording followed by a detailed transcription of the lessons. By analysing both English lessons, it was estimated that the teacher uses the mother tongue (Croatian) very frequently which means that code-switching occurs very often. The results have shown that the use of the mother tongue does not have significant consequences for language learning.