We study the reconstruction of geometry (position and size) of
round voids located in the elastic half-space, in frames of
antiplane two-dimensional problem. We assume that a known point
force is applied to the boundary surface of the half-space, and we
can measure the shape of the surface over a certain finite-length
interval. Then, if the geometry of the defect is unknown, we
construct an algorithm to restore its position and size. Some
numerical examples demonstrate a good stability of the proposed
algorithm.


Abstract Nonpregnant female rats and pregnant rats were fed ad libitum. Diabetes was induced by a single intravenous injection of streptozotocin. Pregnant rats received streptozotocin on Day 17 of gestation. The diabetic rats were used 3 days after treatment with streptozotocin. Protamine zinc insulin and crystalline insulin were administered to diabetic rats subcutaneously 24 hr prior to removal of the livers for perfusion. Livers were removed and perfused in vitro in a recirculating liver perfusion apparatus. Diabetes in nonpregnant and pregnant animals decreased the output of triacylglycerol and increased ketogenesis by the isolated perfused liver in comparison to the corresponding nondiabetic group. In agreement with previous data, pregnancy increased output of triacylglycerol and decreased ketogenesis. Livers from pregnant diabetic rats secreted more triacylglycerol and fewer ketones than did livers from nonpregnant diabetic rats. Pretreatment of diabetic rats with insulin reduced ketogenesis toward normal values and increased output of triacylglycerol to values exceeding corresponding control values. Total net synthesis of triacylglycerol was increased by pregnancy and was decreased in livers from pregnant diabetic rats, when compared to their corresponding controls. The data suggest that certain hormonal changes induced by pregnancy act antagonistically to experimental insulin deficiency.


The present study is aimed to develop a simple, accurate, precise and robust reverse phase HPLC method for the
separation and quantification ofLurasidonein pharmaceutical formulations. The optimized separation was achieved
on Inertsil ODS 3V (150 × 4.6 ×mm, 5μm id) column with PDA detection at 230 nm. Quality by Design (QbD)was
applied for the optimization of experimental conditions for ascertain the best suitable conditions with limited
number of experiments. Risk assessment was performed to identify the critical method parameters.Three
independent method parameters such as acetonitrile volume, strength of buffer and mobile phase flow rate was
optimized using mathematical models and study the in-depth effects of these independent factors on separation,
resolution and response of Lurasidone. The optimized and predicted condition consisted of acetonitrile as organic
phase at 50%, buffer as aqueous phase at 50%, buffer pH of 3.0, at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min.In these optimum
conditions, symmetric peak with clear baseline separation with in a run time of less than 5 min was achieved. The %
recovery in accuracy study and the % relative standard deviation inprecision study was found to be with in the
acceptable limit.Hence, the developed method was found to be accurate and reproducible can be applied for routine
quality control testing of Lurasidone.


The study provides an assessment of digital reference tools/websites disseminating tourism information. It also notes the keywords and other drivers which trigger tourism information seeking from digital reference tools/websites.


Various branched-chain carboxylic acids have been oxidized with the following reagents: (A) potassium manganate in dilute alkali; (B) potassium permanganate in concentrated alkali; (C) potassium peroxydisulphate in dilute alkali; (D) potassium peroxydisulphate in dilute acid. In most cases hydroxy-acids were formed by oxidation at the tertiary position but the yields were poor. None of these reagents appears to provide a general method for the preparation of lactones from branched-chain saturated carboxylic acids.


Studies on the basic emissions characteristics of conventional residential oil-fired heat equipment have been performed under laboratory conditions as well as in an actual field environment. These studies observed, in general, transient peaks of smoke, CO and gaseous hydrocarbons during startup and shutdown. For these reasons additional transient soot emission work was proposed to better qualify and quantify this problem for advanced systems. This work examined many design features such as excess air, heat exchanger pressure drop, draft, burner fan characteristics, and fuel shutoff valves for their effects on soot production. The objectives were to determine the causes for the increased sooting in condensing systems and to evaluate the effect specific design features may have on soot production. The emphasis was placed on those features which might be practically incorporated into systems of the near future. This paper discusses design features which most significantly affect soot production by oil-fired domestic heating equipment.


This paper focuses on the application of fast event detection algorithm, to be implemented in a Demand Side Management (DSM) program for Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS). Such HEMS are especially challenging when renewable generation and storage are available, and when electrical demand has to be coordinated with available generation by shifting residential loads which requires load event detection. In this work, we propose a simple and fast load event detection which allows to keep more software and hardware resources for load identification algorithm. Experimental results are performed on some residential loads such as lighting (LED and Compact fluorescent lamp), Kettle and refrigerator to prove the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


The incidence of anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has increased dramatically in the USA. The squamous intraepithelial lesion has been identified as a precursor lesion to SCC, stratifying the abnormality into low grade or high grade. There have been studies on the prevalence of incidentally found SCC in haemorrhoidectomy specimens, but there are no studies to date on the incidence of dysplasia. The purpose of this study was to establish a baseline incidence of dysplasia that provides helpful information for future epidemiological studies.


The invention relates to an X-ray detector system, which comprises a detector and an installation device, wherein the installation device is used to install the detector. A connecting wire is arranged on the detector. One end of the connecting wire is connected with the detector and the other end of the connecting wire is connected with the installation device. Signals detected by the detector are transmitted to an image processing device in the installation device through the connecting wire. A plug is arranged at one end of the connecting wire. A socket matched with the plug on the connecting wire is arranged on the installation device. The connecting wire can be conveniently taken down from the plug. The detector additionally comprises a jumper. Detachable plugs which can be matched with the plug on the connecting wire and the socket on the installation device are respectively arranged at the two ends of the jumper. By using the jumper as an extension line, the invention has the advantages that portable configuration becomes more flexible and the user can freely adjust the position of the detector; the detector can be freely shifted between the non-portable configuration mode and the portable configuration mode; and since the jumper is detachable, when the detector is in non-portable configuration mode, the user can retract the jumper, so the system becomes simpler and the user is prevented from being tripped down by the jumper.


Abstract A study is made of the suitability of 1,1,1-trichlorotrifluoroethane for use as matrix in spectroscopic studies of radiation-produced radical cations. After irradiation of the pure compound with cobalt-60 gamma rays at 77 K a complex absorption is observed, consisting of a band at 600 nm and a composite band around 360 nm. Addition of alkanes before irradiation results in the appearance of an important new absorption band, which may be assigned to the corresponding alkane radical cations. The long wavelength component and much of the short wavelength component of the matrix absorption may easily be photobleached, without seriously affecting absorption bands of trapped alkane radical cations studied. These absorption bands may selectively be eliminated by a second bleaching and pure spectra obtained by difference spectroscopy. Some of the complexities arising from working at high erabsorbed doses (7.5 1019 eV.g−1 instead of 7.5 1018 eV.g−1) are being discussed.


In his pedagogical novel Emile, published in 1761, Rousseau (1712-1778) traced the principles of all modern education. According to Rousseau, education should do nothing but give the child an opportunity to develop its natural gifts unhampered and shield it from the corrupting influences of civilization. Rousseau had this to say about reasoning with children:
 DO NOT REASON WITH CHILDREN
 Of all the powers of the human mind, reason, which may be said to be composed of all the rest, unfolds itself last and with the greatest difficulty; yet is employed to bring forward the other faculties, thus making a tool of that which ought to form the main-spring of the machine. By talking to children in their infancy a language they do not understand, they are accustomed to be satisfied with mere words, to criticise all you say, to believe themselves as wise as their instructors, and to become disputatious and stubborn. Act reasonably, but do not reason with your pupil. Above all, do not try to reason him into what is disagreeable, because to bring in reason on all occasions and upon unpleasant subjects, will only disgust him, before he is of an age to understand it. If in answering a child's questions you employ any arguments he is incapable of understanding, he will perceive you are reasoning on your own ideas not on his, and will conclude what you say is good for your age, but not for his; he will therefore cease to have any confidence in you, and all is lost.


ABSTRACT In bearing structures of automobile dump truck semi-trailers engaged in the transport of agricultural goods, mineral fertilizers, a large part of metal structures is under the direct influence of aggressive environments in combination with dynamic loads that arise when driving on roads. The peculiarities of corrosion processes when contacting steel surfaces of dump semi-trailers with mineral fertilizers, as well as their aqueous solutions, are insufficiently studied. Also studied mechanisms of electrochemical corrosion of materials of metal structures of agricultural vehicles to ensure their performance in conditions of prolonged aggressive environments. The authors determined that the mineral fertilizer medium is the most aggressive material used in cargo transportation in the agrarian sector mineral fertilizer and ammonium sulphate cause intense corrosion damage of typical materials of metal structures of automobile dump-carriers, which adversely affects reliability. The obtained results allow a better understanding of the causes of agricultural machines corrosion and can be used in assessing their residual resource.


Cancer is one of the big challenges of modern medicine. The manifestations of cancer are manifold, and the knowledge of the etiology of cancer is still fragmentary. In order to understand the disease, the complete molecular apparatus and the whole signal transduction network of the cell must be analysed.

Tumor invasion is one specific topic in the vast field of cancer research. It investigates the intra- and extracellular mechanisms that define the migratory properties of a cancer cell and lead to invasion and destruction of the surrounding tissue. In a healthy human tissue, cells are connected one to another by adhesive molecules. Loss of the adhesion results in the migration of single cells and the infiltration of neighboring tissues. This is part of a larger phenomenon known as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), during which cells lose their epithelial markers and start to act as if they were mesenchymal cells. The cellular program that determines this transition is similar to that active during developmental processes such as gastrulation or neurulation.

Alternatively, cells can maintain contact with their neighbors and invade as a cell sheet. This so-called collective cell invasion is characterized by a specialization of the cells of the invasive margin. This invasion pattern usuall yis independent from EMT.

In this study, we investigated both EMT-dependent single cell invasion and EMT-independent collective cell invasion. We show that the loss of the adhesion molecule E-cadherin induces single cell invasion, which is accompanied by the upregulation of p120-catenin, an adaptor molecule, and the C-terminal fragment of N-cadherin, another cell adhesion molecule. In contrast, the expression of podoplanin, a small mucin-like transmembrane protein, promotes collective cell invasion. E-cadherin is maintained at the cell membrane, and ezrin, another adaptor protein, is phosphorylated. In addition, members of the small GTPase family, including RhoA, Rac and Cdc42, are downregulated.

A second major topic in cancer research is the herapy of cancer. the aim is to develop drugs that selectively trrget cancer cells. this is either done by targeting drugs to a specific marker that is only expressed on cancer and not on healthy cells, or by developing compounds that selectively inhibit molecular pathways active in cancer cells.

In the second part of this study we show that the glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP1) receptor is selectively upregulated by malignant [beta]-cells of tha Langerhans islets. With the help of a specific ligand, radionuclides can be targeted to the transformed [beta]-cells. We labeled the ligand with "111-Indium," a [gamma]- and Auger-emitter. Using the [gamma]-component, we performed single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), combined with conventional computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Through this technique, we could detect tumors of 1mm in diameter. The Auger-component has a therapeutic effect, and after the injection of 29 MBq in a mouse model of human insulinoma, the tumer mass was reduced by more than 94%. The dose-limiting factor of this therapy is nephrotoxicity.


Efficiency of symbiotic interactions of native and foreign inoculants bradyrhizobia isolates with six cowpea varieties (CO1, CO3, CO4, CO6, Paiyur 1 and Vamban 1) were evaluated under field conditions. Based on sequence analysis of 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer (IGS) region, three native isolates were classified as B. yuanmingense . Cowpea varieties inoculated with bradyrhizobia showed significantly superior nodulation, nitrogenase activity, dry matter accumulation, and seed yield compared to uninoculated treatments. The native B. yuanmingense strains CR03 and CR09 exhibited host-cultivar specificity with CO3, and Paiyur 1, respectively. Plants inoculated with native B. yuanmingense isolates produced higher plant dry matter accumulation and seed yield compared to foreign B. japonicum inoculated plants. Correlation coefficients analysis revealed that plant dry matter accumulation emerged as the best criterion for selection of effective cowpea-bradyrhizobia associations in given physical and biological conditions.


The growth and added importance for the field of navigation, guidance and control, from day to day since the second world war in the forties, necessitates a jump in the educational facilities concerning this field. In addition, there are many challenges facing the guidance engineer such as information availability, system design complexity, the ever-increasing requirements with the possibility of unstable or tolerable environments and the limited or restricted literature. These limitations did not allow the guidance engineer to grasp a sound understanding and knowledge of the fundamental principles involved in missile test, design and evaluation which known as the know-how of missile design. The guidance engineer should have a broader view and hence a better appreciation of the various design aspects in order to achieve a more efficient design. That is; the today's guidance engineer needs to understand the details of guidance as well as the details of interfacing with different disciplines in an automated environment. To address these needs, a guidance, navigation, control and signal processing laboratory has to be implemented. Therefore, this paper is devoted to give a systematic and concise explanation on this type of laboratories. It could be appropriate for undergraduate and graduate students as well as those practicing and searching and/or manufacturing in the field. Due to the nature of the guidance and control, a highly mathematical background is needed for their synthesis and analysis. The paper offers a structure for the laboratory including different devices and subsystems such as homing heads or seekers or tracking kits and control fin drives. The devices used within this laboratory include the popular measuring instruments (multimeter, spectrum analyzer, oscilloscope and function generator) and the inertial instruments such as the gyroscopes and accelerometers. The paper addresses the test procedure and performance parameters for the inertial instruments. This strategy allows more flexible and better learning experiences with deep understanding for the students and/or researchers.


Abstract This paper answers a recent question concerning the relationship between two notions of paracompactness for bitopological spaces. Romaguera and Marin defined pairwise paracompactness in terms of pair open covers, motivated by a characterization of paracompactness due to Junnila. On the other hand, Raghavan and Reilly defined a bitopological space (X, τ, σ) to be δ-pairwise paracompact if and only if every τ open (σ open) cover of X admits a τ V σ open refinement which is τ V σ locally finite. It is shown that pairwise paracompactness implies δ-pairwise paracompactness, and that the converse is false.


The "Framing" (local discoloration along cell edges) was induced by a simple sequential accelerated stress test (consisting of hygrothermal- and UV-stressors) applied to the PV modules with high OTR (oxygen transmission rate) backsheet, irrespective of the inclusion of UV-absorber in poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA) encapsulant. UV-fluorescence imaging of the PV modules suggests that the spatially-inhomogeneous degradation of EVA material under UV-irradiating conditions is correlated to this "Framing" indicating an underlying common mechanism. These findings would contribute to the development of test procedures to broadly mimic the actual failures observed in fielded PV.


It simply represents human excavating cast-in-place pile foundation construction and the quality checking points from the preparation before the construction,excavating,steel reinforced cage,pouring concrete and pile forming on base of construction and supervision,to assure the quality of the whole projects.


A reduced gravity environment is a useful and unique tool for the study of physical, chemical and biological processes that are important in science, engineering and technology. Performing tests in such an environment is expensive and limited to a few providers. The Spacecraft Systems and Operations Laboratory (SSOL) at Iowa State University is developing such an environment by utilizing existing latex balloon technology. The SSOL is home to the High Altitude Ballooning Experiments in Technology (HABET) program which in turn has started the High Altitude Reduced Gravity Vehicle Experiments (HARVE) project in an effort to provide a safe, user-friendly experiment environment for various reduced gravity or micro-gravity studies.


This contribution gives an overview of the epistemological approach to argumentation. It explains what an 'epistemological approach to argumentation' is, and justifies this approach as being better than a rhetorical or a consensualist approach. It systemizes the main directions and theories within the epistemological approach according to their criteria for good argumentation. It presents contributions by epistemological argumentation theorists to major topics of argumentation theory. Finally, it introduces the articles of the two special issues of "Informal Logic" about the epistemological approach to argumentation.


Background : Stress infertility is a problem that is often faced by women of childbearing age. This of course will trigger stress to peak when the unexpected menstruation finally arrives, which in fact indicates that the wife is not pregnant.
Methods: The research design is a one-group pre-post test design. Respondents were taken by purposive sampling technique with a sample of 30 people who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The independent variable is Self Affirmation and the dependent variable is Stress on Women in Waiting for Pregnancy Online Forum. The results of statistical tests using the Wilcoxon test.
Results: The results showed that before self-affirmation, almost all respondents were as many as 15 (75%) in the category of severe stress while after self-affirmation almost all respondents as many as 17 (85%) in the category of mild stress.


In this paper, the effects of Bamboo shoot dietary fiber (BSDF) on the mechanical properties, moisture distribution, and microstructure of frozen dough were investigated. The state and distribution of water in frozen dough was determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LNMR) spectroscopy. The microstructure of frozen dough was studied. The structure of the gluten protein network found in wheat flour dough was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The result showed that the BSDF could significantly improve the viscoelasticity and extensibility of frozen dough after thawing in a dose-dependent manner. It was significantly improved with the increase in the addition amount of BSDF (). DSC analysis showed that the freezable water content and thermal stability of frozen dough were increased after the addition of BSDF. LNMR analysis showed that the appropriate (0.1%) addition amount of BSDF could significantly () decline the contents of bound water. Meanwhile, the loose bound water and free water were raised significantly () after the addition of BSDF. Moreover, the addition of BSDF induces arrangement of starch granule and gluten network in frozen dough. BSDF can be used as a novel quality improver of frozen dough.


Test coverage is an important indicator of whether software has been sufficiently tested. However, there are several problems with the existing measurement tools for test coverage, such as their cost of development and maintenance, inconsistency, and inflexibility in measurement. We propose a consistent and flexible measurement framework for test coverage that we call the Open Code Coverage Framework (OCCF). It supports multiple programming languages by extracting the commonalities from multiple programming languages using an abstract syntax tree to help in the development of the measurement tools for the test coverage of new programming languages. OCCF allows users to add programming language support independently of the test-coverage-criteria and also to add test-coverage-criteria support independently of programming languages in order to take consistent measurements in each programming language. Moreover, OCCF provides two methods for changin the measurement range and elements using XPath and adding user code in order to make more flexible measurements. We implemented a sample tool for C, Java, and Python using OCCF. OCCF can measure four test-coverage-criteria. We also confirmed that OCCF can support C#, Ruby, JavaScript, and Lua. Moreover, we reduced the lines of code (LOCs) required to implement measurement tools for test coverage by approximately 90% and the time to implement a new test-coverage-criterion by over 80% in an experiment that compared OCCF with the conventional non-framework-based tools.


Let G be a reductive p-adic group. We give a short proof of the fact that G always admits supercuspidal complex representations. This result has already been established by A. Kret using the Deligne-Lusztig theory of representations of finite groups of Lie type. Our argument is of a different nature and is self-contained. It is based on the Harish-Chandra theory of cusp forms and it ultimately relies on the existence of elliptic maximal tori in G. Let p be a prime number and let F be a p-adic field (i.e. a finite extension of Qp). We denote by O the ring of integers of F and we fix a uniformizer ̟ ∈ O. We also denote by val : F → Z the normalized valuation (i.e. val(̟) = 1). Let G be a connected reductive group defined over F . We will denote by g the Lie algebra of G. A sentence like "Let P =MN be a parabolic subgroup of G" will mean as usual that P is a parabolic subgroup of G defined over F , that N is its unipotent radical and that M is a Levi component of P also defined over F . More generally, all subgroups of G that we consider will be defined over F . We will also need to fix Haar measures on the various groups that we consider. The precise normalization of these Haar measures won't be important (unless we specify that they need to satisfy an explicit compatibility condition) and we will only make use of Haar measures on unimodular groups (e.g. F points of reductive or unipotent groups) so that the distinction between left and right Haar measures is irrelevant here and will be dropped from the notations. Remark 1 We exclude fields of positive characteristic because we will use in a crucial way the exponential map. If G = GLn, we can use the map X 7→ Id + X instead and work over any non-archimedean local field. For classical groups, we could probably also replace the exponential map by some Cayley map and considerably weaken the characteristic assumption. ∗This work was supported by the Gould Fund and by the National Science Foundation under agreement No. DMS-1128155. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.


Bronchiectasis, although not as common as other respiratory disorders, can be life-limiting and remains a significant problem for many patients, as well as being a considerable challenge for nurses caring for this patient group. This article examines the pathophysiology and presentation of bronchiectasis and identifies various management strategies.


Game-based fault-tolerant control is one of the critical aspects in modern control system, and it becomes more challenging for large-scale interconnected systems. In this article, an adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) approach is established for solving the Stackelberg game-based fault-tolerant control problem of the interconnected systems. Two critic neural networks are constructed for approximating the solutions of Stackelberg equilibrium, in which a group of adaptive weight updating laws are proposed to ensure the uniform ultimate bounded property of the systems' state as well as the weights of the critic neural networks. The outcomes of the simulations exhibit the efficacy of the designed approach.


Enterprise is the main "maker" of environmental pollution, and the corporate environmental behaviors have an important infl uence on environmental performance. However, the enterprises should obtain the environmental protection knowledge and ability by the cooperation with multiple stakeholders to solve many complex environmental problems. This thesis puts forward and verifi es measurement model of the effect of the environmental cooperation between the enterprises and suppliers, customers, environmental NGO, government, universities, research institutes to the corporate environmental performance through the questionnaire survey of manufacturing enterprises in Yangtze River Delta. The results show that in this area, the cooperation between the enterprises and suppliers, customers, universities, research institutions are benefi cial to improve the environmental performance of enterprises, but the cooperation with the government have no signifi cant effect, and there are nearly no cooperation with environmental NGO.


INTRODUCTION The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), as part of a program to aquire seismic velocity data at locations of strong-ground motion in earthquakes (e.g. Gibbs, et al., 2000), has investigated thirteen additional sites in the Southern California region. Of the thirteen sites, twelve are in the vicinity of Whittier, California and one is located in San Bernardino, California. Several deployments of temporary seismographs were made after the Whittier recorded significant aftershock data. These portable sites with the exception of Santa Anita Golf Course were co-sited with strong-motion recorders. were part of an array of digital strong-motion stations deployed from "bedrock" in Whittier to near the deepest part of the Los Angeles basin in Norwalk. Although development and siting of this new array (patially installed at the time of this writing) was generally motivated by the Whittier Narrows earthquake, these new sites (with the exception of HOO) were not part of any Whittier Narrows aftershock deployments. A similar new digital strong-motion site was installed at the San Bernardino Fire Station during the same time frame. Velocity data were obtained to depths of about 90 meters at two sites, 30 meters at seven sites, and 18 to 25 meters at four sites. Lithology data from the analysis of cuttings and samples, was obtained from the two 90-meter deep holes and from five of the shallower holes to supplement the velocity interpretation. The two 90-meter boreholes (SB1, CPB) have been instrumented with borehole seismometers for continuous monitoring of earthquake activity (Rogers, et al., 1998). No drill samples or cuttings were obtained from the other six sites but driller's logs were scanned for major changes noted there. The velocity models at those sites were interpreted using only the measured data and major changes in the driller's log as noted above. The sites are shown in Figure 1 and listed in Table 1, which gives references to information regarding the strong-motion data. Several hundred strong-motion records of the main-shock were written by this moderate size earthquake (ML = 5.9) making it important from a scientific and engineering prospective (Brady et al., 1988, Shakal et al., 1988).


In South Asia, as elsewhere, the category of 'the public' has come under increased scholarly and popular scrutiny in recent years. To better understand this current conjuncture, we need a fuller understanding of the specifically South Asian history of the term. Toward this end, our discussion begins by considering more than two decades of scholarship that have worked to excavate this history. We propose that two principal methods or approaches—the genealogical and the typological—have characterised this scholarship. We then suggest, more in the mode of genealogy, that the category of the public has been closely linked to the subcontinental history of political liberalism. Finally, we discuss how the essays collected in this special issue challenge some of liberalism's key presuppositions about the public and its relationship to law and religion.


A split cage for a rolling bearing includes a plurality of cage segments formed of synthetic resin and arranged annularly in a circumferential direction. Each cage segment includes: a first rim portion and a second rim portion that are spaced from each other by a predetermined interval and face each other; and a plurality of bar portions extending from the first rim portion to the second rim portion. Spaces, each of which is surrounded by the bar portions adjacent to each other and the first and second rim portions, are formed as pockets that house rolling elements. Projections for reinforcement are formed at radial end portions of boundaries between the bar portions and the first rim portion and/or boundaries between the bar portions and the second rim portion.


Although dysphagia is an important health problem and one of the determinants of quality of life in patients with dementia, the neurophysiologic changes of dysphagia in dementia have not been fully uncovered, yet. we investigated the changes of strength of tongue lip and pharyngeal muscles in patients with Alzheimer's dementia.


C17H26.70N6NiO8.35, triclinic, P1 (no. 2), a = 8.2606(1) Å, b = 12.5544(2) Å, c = 12.6572(2) Å, + = 109.355(1)°, * = 104.554(1)°, & = 95.828(1)°, V = 1173.9 Å, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.063, wRref(F) = 0.208, T = 296 K. Source of material A mixture of 0.5 mmol norcantharidin, 0.5 mmol NiCl2.·.6H2O, 2.5 mmol imidazole and 15 mL distilled water was sealed in a 25.mL Teflon-lined stainless vessel and heated at 433 K for 3 d, then cooled slowly to room temperature. The solution was filtered and after two weeks block-shaped green single crystals were obtained. Experimental details The structure was solved by direct methods and successive difference Fourier synthesis. The H atoms bonded to C and N atoms were positioned geometrically and refined using a riding model [d(C—Haromatic) = 0.93 Å, d(C—Haliphatic) = 0.97(2) Å and d(N—H) = 0.86 Å, Uiso(H) = 1.2 Ueq(C,N)]. The H atoms bonded to O atoms were located in a difference Fourier maps and refined with d(O—H) distance restraints of 0.85(2) Å and Uiso(H) = 1.2 Ueq(O). Discussion 7-Oxabicyclo(2,2,1)heptane-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride (norcantharidin), a traditional Chinese drug, has a great inhibitive effect on common cancer cells. Imidazole is known as biocatalyst and biological ligand. Several nickel complexes of imidazole have been reported [1-3]. However, no norcantharidin complexes with imidazole were reported . In the title crystal structure, each Ni(II) ion is six-coordinated by one bridge oxygen, two carboxylate oxygen atoms of two different carboxylate groups and three nitrogen atoms from imidazoles. O2, O5, N2 and N4 lie in the equatorial plane with the torsion angle 0.4(1)°, O4 and the nitrogen atom N6 from imidazole are in the axial positions. The bond angle of O4–Ni1–N6 is 172.9(1)°, indicating a distorted octahedron. Owing to the binding of the bridge oxygen atom with Ni, two six-membered rings (Ni1/O5/ C5/C6/C8/O4) and (Ni1/O5/C2/C1/C7/O2) are created. In addition, a seven-membered ring (Ni1/O4/C8/C6/C1/C7/O2) is formed by the coordination of carboxylate oxygen atoms O2 and O4, which makes the crystal structure more stable. Z. Kristallogr. NCS 224 (2009) 549-550 / DOI 10.1524/ncrs.2009.0239 549 © by Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, München Crystal: green block, size 0.092 × 0.129 × 0.353 mm Wavelength: Mo K+ radiation (0.71073 Å) .: 8.81 cm−1 Diffractometer, scan mode: Bruker APEX-II CCD, % 2,max: 54.94° N(hkl)measured, N(hkl)unique: 17811, 5311 Criterion for Iobs, N(hkl)gt: Iobs > 2 )(Iobs), 4711 N(param)refined: 307 Programs: SHELXS-97 [4], SHELXL-97 [5], SHELXTL [6] Table 1. Data collection and handling. H(1A) 2i 0.8318 0.9750 0.7748 0.042 H(2A) 2i 0.7958 0.9553 0.9650 0.042 H(3A) 2i 0.6907 1.1040 0.8805 0.058 H(3B) 2i 0.5954 1.0766 0.9653 0.058 H(4A) 2i 0.3556 0.9936 0.8115 0.054 H(4B) 2i 0.4529 1.0167 0.7259 0.054 H(5A) 2i 0.3687 0.8052 0.7030 0.040 H(6A) 2i 0.5933 0.8825 0.6247 0.041 H(9A) 2i 0.2828 0.7595 0.8633 0.043 H(10A) 2i 0.3618 0.4444 0.7876 0.050 H(11A) 2i 0.0615 0.4362 0.7785 0.058 H(12A) 2i 0.6169 0.4453 0.6342 0.052 Table 2. Atomic coordinates and displacement parameters (in Å). Atom Site Occ. x y z Uiso


OBJECTIVE
To determine if a secondary center of ossification (SCO) of the anconeal process is present in skeletally immature dogs that do not develop an ununited anconeal process (UAP).

STUDY DESIGN
Case series.

ANIMALS
Dogs 77-154 days of age with conditions other than developmental disease of the elbow (n=78 dogs; total elbows=100).

METHODS
Mediolateral radiographic projections of the elbow were reviewed for presence or absence of a SCO of the anconeal process.

RESULTS
A SCO was radiographically evident in 16% of elbows from breeds that have been reported to be affected by UAP. The appearance of the SCO was different to an UAP fragment. None of the elbows with SCO of the anconeal process developed UAP. A SCO was not present in any small breed dogs.

CONCLUSIONS
A SCO of the anconeal process is uncommon in medium and large breed dogs and the presence of a SCO does not indicate that UAP will develop.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Because radiographic diagnosis of a SCO of the anconeal process and UAP lesions have distinct appearances, an earlier diagnosis of UAP is possible.


Background: Conformational conversion of the normal prion protein PrPc into its pathogenic form, PrPSc, is the central event in the pathogenesis of prion diseases, including Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease in humans and bovine spongiform encephalopathy in cattle. This constitutive conversion results in accumulation of PrPSc in the brain and many lines of evidence indicate that the accumulated PrPSc may be detrimental, causing degenerative neuronal cell death. Objective: Therapeutic compounds for prion diseases must reduce PrPSc in affected brains. Many compounds have been identified to reduce PrPSc levels in infected cells and some were partially effective in infected animals, prolonging incubation or survival times. Clinical trials have only recently started with a few of these compounds. They are systematically introduced and their performances and possible mechanisms summarised. Methods: Bibliographic research was carried out using the PubMed database. Patent literature was searched using the UK Intellectual Property Office website. Results/conclusion: No compounds reported so far have proven to be therapeutically effective against prion diseases, due to inadequate access to brains through the blood–brain barrier. Moreover, due to lack of diagnostic indicators for presymptomatic individuals, the compounds must be given to clinically advanced patients, reducing their effectiveness. Thus, it is also important to resolve these problems to develop therapeutically effective compounds for prion diseases.


The focus of this paper is on the trade and industrial adjustment in the television sector of the consumer electronics industry in the North American economy. This is the sector of the industry that has received the greatest amount of protection from imports of foreign-produced goods. Both Canada and the United States have experienced a complete change in the industrial structure and patterns of trade in the television industry over the past decade, but the range of trade policies employed by the two countries has been quite different. The first part of the paper outlines the Canadian experience; an analysis of the U.S experience is contained in the second part.


We present and compare hardware and system architectures for databases that take advantage of parallelism. First, we state the problem and identify the main comparison criterions (price, performance, extensibility, data availability). Then, we review the major architecture classes (shared nothing, shared everything, shared disks, hybrid) and discuss their advantages and drawbacks for different kinds of workloads


A 69-year-old female, with no previous history of cerebrovascular disease, presented with acute onset expressive and receptive dysphasia. Neurological examination revealed dysgraphia in addition to dysphasia with no other neurological deficit. The remainder of the clinical examination was unremarkable. Laboratory investigations revealed a normal full blood picture and normal renal function. Electrocardiogram and chest X-ray were within normal limits. An emergency computed tomography scan of brain did not demonstrate any acute intra-cerebral pathology. Symptoms and signs resolved entirely within 4 h and did not recur, providing the clinical diagnosis of a transient ischaemic attack (TIA).

The patient was a non-smoker with no history of diabetes, dyslipidaemia, hypertension or atrial arrhythmia. She did however have documented coronary artery disease, with …


Motivated by applications such as document classification and image segmentation, spectral clustering has attracted a great deal of attention of many researchers. However, most existing algorithms on spectral clustering are not able to determine the number of clusters. It is same to other approaches on clustering such as k-means and EM.It presents a simple, easily implemented method on spectral clustering to automatically find the suitable value of clustering number and gives superior performance on experiment.


Inflammation is an important biological event in host defenses against bacterial or viral infections. However, excessive inflammatory responses by aberrantly activated macrophages, producing   excess amounts of inflammatory mediators, which disrupt immune homeostasis and result in immunopathological conditions such as sepsis. Sepsis was recognized as a systemic inflammatory response syndrome after serious infections, most commonly with bacteria, which have a high mortality rate. Propolis (Prop) could be used as adjuvant therapy in the management of sepsis. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Prop against sepsis-induced in rats. Evaluation of complete blood count,

activity of liver function enzymes in serum; alanine and aspartate aminotransferases were recorded.  Oxidant/antioxidant markers in liver tissue namely; malonaldehyde, nitrites/nitrates, glutathione disulfide, glutathione levels, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities. Also, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and prostaglandin E-2 levels in both serum and liver tissue were estimated.   Furthermore, interleukin-8, cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase genes expression were determined. Histopathological examination of liver tissue was investigated. Brain neurotransmitters; Dopamine, Norepinephrine and 5-hydroxytryptamine were also determined against sepsis-induced inflammation. The present study indicated that Prop could be an efficient protector that resets sepsis-induced severe oxidative stress, inflammation and improve the immune response of the liver as well as septic neurotoxic problems.


This paper reports on solid oxide fuel cell generators used in power and, optional, heat supply solutions in off-grid applications. Initially designed to the requirements of the oil and gas industry and manufactured in small quantities, the advantages that will be offered by these generators, appear reasonable to be used also in other industrial and commercial applications. A solid operation track record and a detailed techno-economical analysis confirm the qualification for industrial use cases.


The resolved stellar populations of local galaxies, from which it is possible to derive complete star formation and chemical enrichment histories, provide an important way to study galaxy formation and evolution that is complementary to lookback time studies. We propose to use photometry of resolved stars to measure the star formation histories in a statistical sample of galaxy disks and E/S0 galaxies near their effective radii. These measurements would yield strong evidence to support critical questions regarding the formation of galactic disks and spheroids. The main technological limitation is spatial resolution for photometry in heavily crowded fields, for which we need improvement by a factor of ~10 over what is possible today with filled aperture telescopes.


To examine whether a telephone‐based cognitive assessment—the Minnesota Cognitive Acuity Screen (MCAS)—is effective in predicting cognitive and functional decline in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and conversion to dementia.


In the scholia to line lOS we find: <' Accvptov 7TOTap,o 1,0: > T6V TWV IIEpcwv MYEL Tav KaAovp,EVOV EvcppaTTfv. Similarly, Wilamowitz1 comments: <CAls der groBe FluB lutulentum jluens wird der Euphrat genannt-der Nil lag am nachsten, aber der war heilig." The identification of 'Assyrian river' in the Hymn with the Euphrates is, however, not obligatory. For in Greek ethnography there were also Leukosyroi, Syroi or Assyrioi in northern Asia Minor, who lived in Pontos, far from the mouth and some distance from the headwaters of the Euphrates. Sinope was one of their towns, and their territory extended along the coastlands of the Euxine at least as far eastwards as the mouth of the Thermodon.2 There are in fact positive arguments showing that Kallimachos has Pontic Assyrians in mind at the end of the Hymn to Apollo. He is known to have written IIEpi TWV KaTa rT]v , Actav 7ToTap,wv (fr.459)3 and to have mentioned the Halys and the Iris rivers (fr.501).4 But the strongest evidence for a river in contemporary


The blood-sugar of fowls is not reduced to a steady level by prolonged fasting, but is very variable in different fowls, and in the same individuals at different times. Values as far apart as ·150 to ·290 percent. are found after fasts of 24 hours or more. High protein meals cause the blood-sugar to fall slightly but progressively. Meals rich in starch cause increases 5 minutes from ingestion; when they contain coarse starch-poor particles, the blood-sugar fluctuates violently from about an hour after the meal, and often falls below the original value. With finely ground diets, rich in starch, fluctuations are absent. Five minutes after ingestion of a barium meal columns of it were seen (by X-rays) moving very rapidly in the small intestine. Discharge from the gizzard occurs about once a second. Boluses are sent down from the crop at intervals of about 1 to 5 minutes, and require up to 30 seconds to reach the proventriculus. The proventriculus and gizzard were indistinguishable on the screen; they appeared to contract as one viscus.

Our thanks are due to Professor Macleod for his advice in connection with this work.


Walking motion planning based on Divergent Component of Motion (DCM) and Linear Inverted Pendulum Model (LIPM) is one of the alternatives that could be implemented to generate online humanoid robot gait trajectories. This algorithm requires different parameters to be adjusted. Herein, we developed a framework to attain optimal parameters to achieve a stable and energy-efficient trajectory for real robot's gait. To find the optimal trajectory, four cost functions representing energy consumption, the sum of joints velocity and applied torque at each lower limb joint of the robot, and a cost function based on the Zero Moment Point (ZMP) stability criterion were considered. Genetic algorithm was employed in the framework to optimize each of these cost functions. Although the trajectory planning was done with the help of the simplified model, the values of each cost function were obtained by considering the full dynamics model and foot-ground contact model in Bullet physics engine simulator. The results of this optimization yield that walking with the most stability and walking in the most efficient way are in contrast with each other. Therefore, in another attempt, multi-objective optimization for ZMP and energy cost functions at three different speeds was performed. Finally, we compared the designed trajectory, which was generated using optimal parameters, with the simulation results in Choreonoid simulator.


Objective To analyze the incidence and related factors of the adverse drug reactions(ADRs) in the clinical use of Alpha Lipoic Acid,avoid adverse reactions occurr amd promote clinical safety.Methods 108 inpatients diagnosed as diabetic peripheral neuropathy and treated with Alpha Lipoic Acid from November 2010 to November 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.By the incidence of ADR,108 inpatients were divided into two groups.The clinical data were compared by χ2 test or Fisher's exact test and Logistic regression analysis was performed to reveal the risk factors of ADR.Results 17(15.74%) patient suffered from ADR to alpha lipoic acid.ADR events included 10 patients of pain in infusion parts,1 patient of headache,2 patients of dizziness,3 patients of phlebitis,1 patient of prick pain in his left upper limbs and left foot were recorded.With Logistic regression analysis,age,sex,body mass index,the duration of diabete were irrelevant to incidence of ADR to Alpha Lipoic Acid.Conclusion Alpha Lipoic Acid Injection is safe and effective in treatment of diabetic neuropathy.The occurrence of adverse reactions in clinical use has nothing to do with age,sex,duration of diabetes,and body mass index.This article has recommended medical workers to use Alpha Lipoic Acid strictly according to the the solvent,concentration,drip rate mentioned in instructions.


The Atmospheric Radiation Monitor (ARM) uninhabited aerospace vehicle (UAV) program aims to develop measurement techniques and instruments suitable for a new class of high altitude, long endurance UAVs while supporting the climate community with valuable data sets. Using the Scaled Composites Proteus aircraft, ARM UAV participated in Mixed-Phase Arctic Cloud Experiment (M-PACE), obtaining unique data to help understand the interaction of clouds with solar and infrared radiation. Many measurements obtained using the Proteus were coincident with in-situ observations made by the UND Citation. Data from M-PACE are needed to understand interactions between clouds, the atmosphere and ocean in the Arctic, critical interactions given large-scale models suggest enhanced warming compared to lower latitudes is occurring.


The election of Barack Obama as the first African American president of the United States of America marked a watershed moment in American politics. Campaigning on the slogans, "Si se puede!" and "Hope" and "Change," many Americans, regardless of race, had hoped that his election would also signal an improvement and progress in U.S. race relations and usher in a "post-racial" moment in the United States. This chapter draws on personal narrative to examine the post-racial rhetoric within the context of a multicultural and equity studies doctoral course.


Dietary lipid source in aquaculture has become a central topic in research whilst natural resources availability diminishes. Hence, to weigh up and forecast consumers impressions, the impact of partial (70%) and complete (100%) dietary replacement of fish oil (FO) by linseed oil (LO) on sensory and quality attributes was studied during the edible shelf life of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). Physico-chemical parameters (pH, torrymeter, total volatile basic nitrogen, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and texture), and sensory analysis, both in cooked and raw fish were carried out during 17 days of ice storage. Throughout ice storage, feeding with LO diets, TBARS values remained lower on muscle than those found when feeding FO control diet. On freshly caught fish (day 0 of ice storage), statistically significant dietary texture variations were recorded on cooked fillet fed FO diet. No sensory differences on Quality Index Method, sensory profile or Torry scheme were found with partial or total LO replacement diets.


extremity of the stomach, as, from the pain and uneasiness which she had felt there, and the frequent vomiting, we suspected that some morbid condition would be discovered in that part. A ligature was placed on it, and another on the duodenum. The intervening portion was then removed and slit up, without showinc more than ordinary vascularity or thickening. We then directed our attention to the small intestines, which were shrunken to about the size of the ring-finger, and quite empty. We then discovered, about two-thirds down, a loop three or four inches in length, when disentangled from the upper fourth of the left obturator foramen, where it was evidently strangulated, and required some force to withdraw it. The mid-portion of the loop was swollen and dark-coloured, and sufficiently distended with frecal fluid to account for its not returning to its natural position, as it was supposed to have done in former attacks. I am told that obturator hernia is not uncommon; but I have been able to find but few records of its occurrence. Sir William Lawrence, in his excellent treatise on Hernia, speaks of reports from two or three foreign authors, but has doubts of their authenticity as cases of obturator hernia. The clearest case of this malady that I can find is that reported by Mr. Hilton, Surgeon to Guy's Hospital, at p. 323 of vol. xxxi of the MedicoCllirurb ical 7ransactions, where the symptoms were very analogous to those above described in our case; and, as there were no external indications, their cause could not be revealed but by post mortem examination. As in MIr. Hilton's case, so in mine, there was room on the right side for the escape of a similar portion of intestine by the obturator foramen, which would allow the passage of the first joint of the forefinger easily; and, indeed, the right side had been referred to as the seat of pain in some of her previous attacks. My nephew, Dr. Druitt, in his Vade Mecumnt or Manual of AModern Surgery, refers to a case by Mr. Obre, reported in Ranking's Abstract, vol. xiv, in which, a slight swelling being observed in the right thigh, Mr. Obre cut down upon it three inches below Poupart's ligament, and discovered a sac under the pectineus rtiuscle, which he opened, and small intestine rose up. He then divided the stricture, and returned the gut through the obturator opening; and the case did well. I have been anxious to forward this case to the BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, as being one of its oldest subscribers; and to say that, however frequent such cases may have been, yet I have never met with one during more than fifty years that I have been in practice and attached to the County Hospital in this city. I shall be pleased to hear what any of my cotemporaries may be able to report on such cases. I do not remember to have seen such palpable openings above the obturator muscles, leaving room for a protrusion of peritoneum to form a sac for such hernia, as the vessels and nerves appeared to fill the notch in the bone, and the peritoneum passed smoothly over them. Professor Miller, in a second edition of his Piractice of Surgery (Edinburgh, 1852), gives a meagre account of this hernia; while Samuel Cooper, in his Dictionary (I809) and his First Lines (I820), gives excellent descriptions, and quctes from Sir Astley Cooper several varieties and the difficulties of discovering the seat of obstruction during life. I might have mentioned that our patient was often employed in laundry work, or, at any rate, superintending; and that she attributed the painful attacks above mentioned to her reaching up to hang up clothes to dry on a line. This might have induced a downward action of the diaphragm, so as to more or less force down the bowels at certain intervals.


According to modem aerial equipment's developing requirements, the paper introduces a new model of training aerial repairing technicians; they should have not only strong ability to apply to their post, but also strong ability to change and improve the aerial equipments.


The problem of the research is the security measures and restrictions introduced by the government, as well as the measures implemented by other countries have a negative impact on the development of the tourism industry. The aim of the research is to evaluate the development opportunities of the tourism industry in Latvia. From the beginning of 2020, when the Covid-19 restrictive measures were imposed, the situation in the tourism sector began to deteriorate. The most negative effects were felt in labour - intensive sectors - transport service, passenger transport, reservation services of travel agencies and tour operators, accommodation and food services. Latvia has developed a strategy to mitigate the consequences of the Covid-19 crisis with a set of measures that will allow overcoming the economic crisis caused by Covid-19 and its mitigation measures. The study analyses the statistical data on the impact of Covid-19 on the development of the tourism industry. Faced by the tourism industry when security measures and restrictions were put in place to mitigate the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic. The results of the study revealed that government restrictions and security measures are having a negative impact on tourism development, as economic performance has deteriorated significantly and it will take time for the tourism industry to recover from the crisis.


The molecular isomers of a diene containing amide and pyrdine moities revealed that they exhibit different crystal struc-tures and reactivities. One of the isomer forms 2-fold interpenetrated diamonded network via N-H···N hydrogen bonds and undergoes [2+2] photo-polymerization in the solid state despite of having unfavorable criss-cross aligned double bonds


The diselenide-containing fluorescent molecules (SeBDP) and antitumor drug paclitaxel (SePTX) were synthesized and used for constructing SeBDP nanoparticles (SeBDP NPs) and SePTX NPs in aqueous solution through nanoprecipitation method. Both SeBDP NPs and SePTX NPs exhibit high stability and excellent reduction-sensitivity. More interestingly, SeBDP and SePTX could coassemble into uniform and spherical nanoparticles (co-NPs) with dual functions of fluorescence imaging and antitumor activity. These organic NPs could be internalized by different cells as revealed by confocal laser microscopy. Importantly, the co-NPs exhibited selectivity of cytotoxicities between cancerous and normal cells. The cellular proliferation inhibition toward tumor cells (including HeLa and MCF-7 cells) was obviously higher than that toward normal cells (BEAS-2B and L929 cells), which might be attributed to the increasing reactive oxygen species in cancer cells treated by diselenide-containing NPs. These results highlight the poten...


costs of prevention are the costs of the preventive intervention minus the savings in treatment because disease is prevented. Its net health effects are the additional years of life that can be saved by preventing the disease instead of waiting until it occurs and treating it. The basic equation in Pinkerton and Holtgrave's analysis states this relationship in terms of a single case of disease. The cost-effectiveness ratio, R, of a preventive intervention is the difference between the cost of preventing one case of disease (P) and the


"The potential need for front-end cost-sharing on federal projects and the request by three entities to have the Board recommend their projects to the General Assembly for 100 percent financing and/or grants raise issues of first impression for the Board."


We present a study of electron—molecular-ion collisions. The scattering equations are solved using an iterative approach to the Schwinger variational principle. These equations are formulated using the Coulomb Green's function to properly treat the long-range Coulomb tail of the molecular-ion potential. We apply this approach to electron—hydrogen-molecular-ion collisions in the static-exchange approximation. We obtain elastic differential cross sections, and also use the continuum states from these calculations to compute the photoionization cross section of the hydrogen molecule. The iterative method used here converged rapidly in all calculations performed.


Engineering is a technical profession that seeks to solve open problems. The practice of engineering spans design, manufacture, operation and maintenance and these in themselves offer wide ranging opportunities for routine and novel approaches. In preparing engineering students through a university education, it has been observed that they have differing reactions to open ended project activities intended to model their chosen profession. For example, not all mechanical or even automotive engineering students desire to be involved in a Formula SAE Team. If students engaged in their engineering education are preparing to deal with future issues not yet perceived (open problems), why do students make the choices they do and what motivates them? Why have they chosen an engineering pathway and what do they find exciting about this prospect? With a view to strengthening educational outcomes, some initial findings from an investigation of student choices and motivations are presented.Copyright © 2011 by ASME


The financial input is critical to the educational reform and development. Although the educational input has increased over these years,government investment in education to gross domestic product has been lower than 4%. In the following decade,even 4% of GDP is not enough to support educational development in China As such,it is necessary to launch initiatives to increase financial inputs. For instance,it needs to complement the governmental investment with market-based initiative,align the central governmental inputs with the local governmental inputs,and advocate a variety of funding sources from society. With these initiatives,we can reach two primary goals gradually:government investment in education amounts to 4.5% of gross domestic product by 2020,increasing 1.2% compared with the percentage in 2008; increasing the financial contribution from non-governmental sources such as companies,associations,as well as individuals,making the non-governmental funding accounting for 2.5% of GDP by 2020.


To build integrated high-level applications, SOLEIL is using an original component-oriented approach based on GlobalSCREEN, an industrial Java SCADA [1]. The simpler components are based on the ATK (Application Tango Toolkit [2]) library, a rich set of Java graphical widgets that include tools for visualizing scientific data, and encapsulating TANGO communication. More complex components are Java rich client applications that provide a high level of service and user-friendly interfaces for end users, providing access to data logging, scanning services, sequencing setup and control, and so on. Packaged as JavaBeans in GlobalSCREEN's components library, all these components are ready to use by simply dragging and dropping them into place and configuring their properties to connect them to the control system. In this way, using GlobalSCREEN as a rich client platform allows even inexperienced developers to quickly build, without writing any Java code, very complex and fully integrated applications dedicated for example to the end users of a beamline. The work organization, software architecture and overall system design will be presented, as well as the current status of deployment at SOLEIL for the accelerators and beamlines.


The author considers that as the luminous output of lamps is being increased and the design of lanterns and floodlights improved, so the art of high mast lighting is being more widely used as a solution for very many area lighting problems, including complex road intersections, city centres, car parks, railway marshalling areas, docks, motorways, airports, etc. Continuous development over the past 10 years on the aerodynamic, structural, mechanical, electrical and illuminating aspects of slim, unstayed, tapered high mast structures has led to the preparation of a comprehensive standard specification. Published by the association of public lighting engineers this six section specification is known as technical report no 7, and as such has been so arranged that it can be used internationally. The present demand for such columns is described as being in the range of mounting heights from 16 M to 50 M, and with raising and lowering gear with a capacity of up to 1000 kg of lanterns. The subject matter of the specification is described in relation to structural loading requirements, mast condition, protection against corrosion, foundations, mechanical and electrical arrangements. The requirement for the work of assembly, rigging and erection to be carried out strictly in accordance with the manufacturers' instructions is emphasized, and it is suggested that manufacturers should supply maintenance manuals setting out schedules of work. /TRRL/


The previous chapter showed that smart leaders take public relations seriously by denying organizational involvement in civilian attacks. What should leaders do when the culpability of the organization is undeniable? The key, then, isn't denying organizational involvement but DPI or Denial of Principal Intent. With DPI, the leader acknowledges his organization committed the terrorist attack, but denies that it reflects his intentions or the mission of the group more generally. The field of communication identifies several ways for people to restore their image after an offense has been committed either by them or in their name. This chapter describes the most relevant accounts and how militant leaders can apply them to distance their organization from the reputational fallout of terrorism.


It is our pleasure to welcome you to the First International Workshop on Software Test Output Validation, held in conjunction with ISSTA 2010.

In organizing this workshop, we seek to address some of the challenges and issues related to the software testing of applications that do not have a "test oracle," such as machine learning, optimization, scientific computing, and simulation. As society becomes more dependent on these types of software, and these applications become more complex and more difficult to test by current conventional means, it quickly becomes clear that the development of new techniques and approaches gains importance. This workshop represents the first effort to bring together researchers and practitioners working toward verification of software output correctness in such domains.


Describes the main forms of taxation and the consequences of the Lithuanian tax structure in regard to commissioned works, including an analysis of the recent changes in Lithuania's tax law and the legislative history of the new tax laws on the matter. Text is in the Lithuanian language. Title in orig.: 'Autorines sutartys.'


Host-plant resistance in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is insufficient for control of the alfalfa weevil (Hypera postica) or the potato leafhopper (Empoasca fabae), two of the most important insect pests of alfalfa. Some wild Medicago species, which have erect glandular hairs, possess adequate host-plant resistance for control of both pests. We established a field trial (Wymore silty clay loam) in 1985 to determine the effects of erect glandular hairs on forage quality of several perennial Medicago species. Glandular and eglandular (without erect glandular hairs) plant populations were selected from the diploids, M. prostrata Jacq. and M. glandulosa David, and the tetraploids, M. glutinosa Bieb., M. sativa × M. glutinosa, and M. sativa × M. prostrata. Eglandular M. sativa 'Riley' and M. sativa subsp. caerulea (Less, ex Ledeb.) Schmalh. were included as controls. Foliar diseases and insects were controlled. Leaves and stems were separated for three harvests in 1985 and one in 1986. The presence of erect gla...


Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) continues to threaten human health, economic development, and national security. Although many vaccines and drugs have been explored to fight against the major pandemic, their efficacy and safety still need to be improved. Cell‐based biomaterials, especially living cells, extracellular vesicles, and cell membranes, offer great potential in preventing and treating COVID‐19 owing to their versatility and unique biological functions. In this review, the characteristics and functions of cell‐based biomaterials and their biological applications in COVID‐19 prevention and therapy are described. First the pathological features of COVID‐19 are summarized, providing enlightenment on how to fight against COVID‐19. Next, the classification, organization structure, characteristics, and functions of cell‐based biomaterials are focused on. Finally, the progress of cell‐based biomaterials in overcoming COVID‐19 in different aspects, including the prevention of viral infection, inhibition of viral proliferation, anti‐inflammation, tissue repair, and alleviation of lymphopenia are comprehensively described. At the end of this review, a look forward to the challenges of this aspect is presented.


ABSTRACT This article describes community–university partnership building, course development/management, and evaluation outcomes related to an intensive community-based research project that was integrated in two sections of an undergraduate course on community practice. Pre- and posttest data were collected from 60 BSW students who were enrolled in community practice and who participated in a community-based research project with their state's fair housing office. The evaluation outcomes focus on changes in professional interest in macro practice, students' self-efficacy, and differences in students' learning experiences, based on traditional bricks-and-mortar or distance learning contexts. Results show that students experience increases in self-efficacy related to community assessment and intervention. Qualitative results show that students experienced shifts in their professional goals related to macro practice, increased competence and understanding, and personal transformation. A number of differences emerged between traditional and distance learners. Results are discussed in the context of curriculum development and next steps for institutionalizing CBR in community practice courses.


Digital Image Processing is a very vast field It has many applications in every field and one such application is in drug industry. Drug Industry is leading industry. Manufacturing process in drug Industry is increasing day by day as we are dependent on these medicines. But these medicines might be defected, tablets may be broken, there may be missing tablet in a strip and consumption of such drugs might be dangerous. This paper shows different methods in digital image processing technique to find the defects in tablets. Four methods are used in order to detect the defect in tablet strip.


Marine natural products have attracted the attention of biologists and chemists the world over for the last five decades. The active metabolites, also known as biogenic compounds, produced by several species of marine macro- and micro-algae, have antibacterial, antialgal, antimacro fouling and antifungal properties, which are effective in the prevention of cancer, and many other diseases have other likely uses, e.g. in therapeutics. The common major compounds like proteins, carbohydrates, steroids, glycosides can be extracted using polar solvents such as Methanol, Ethyl acetate and Hexane during Phytochemical process. These results were compared with the recently reported qualitative phytochemical tests which were used to detect the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, glycosides and phenols from the seaweeds. Of the three solvents tested, Methanol was determined to be the best solvent for isolation of antimicrobial compounds from the tested marine algae followed by Ethyl acetate and Hexane. Among marine the algal extracts tested, some appeared to be specific in their activity against several tested bacteria. This point may be important for the development of specific antibiotics, and further work is needed to identify the compounds causing the activity, to evaluate specific antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria especially those causing the human diseases.


A fair seat distribution method(SIP) is produced based on Q-value method,d'hondt method and proportional distribution method.The periodicity of seat distribution is considered in SIP.The algorithm is that first the sequence of distribution is produced,then seats are distributed by the sequence.In the algorithm,giving and returning are used.Giving and returning make the method satisfy the first part of idealistic principle,and the sequence makes the method satisfy the second part of idealistic principle.The experiments sufficiently prove the validity of the method.


This paper performed the ferroresonance generation experiment with variation of capacitance based on Rudenberg graphical method. The voltage and current measurements were conducted on the transformer primary windings, source voltage, and capacitor. The trend of transformer voltage waveform was then analyzed by using bifurcation diagram. Moreover, the fast Fourier transform (FFT) was applied on the transformer primary voltage. The harmonics spectrum would show the ferroresonance mode. Then, its total harmonics distortion (THD) was calculated. The level of ferroresonance severity involving the values of transformer voltage and overvoltage level as well as THD was mapped based on the quadrant system. The results showed that the appearances of jump phenomenon and different ferroresonance severities could be explained more clearly by using Rudenberg graphical method. In addition, the proposed mapping of ferroresonance responses based on the quadrant system was successful not only to highlight the impact of given variables on ferroresonance but also to categorize more easily its danger level.


To feed future populations on ever-scarcer natural resources, policy initiatives aim to decrease resource footprints of food consumption. While adopting healthier diets has shown great potential to reduce footprints, current political initiatives primarily address strategies to reduce food waste, with the target of halving food waste at retail and consumption levels by 2030. Using Germany as a case study, we compare the resource-saving potential of this political target with three scenarios of nutritionally viable, plant-based dietary patterns and investigate interactions and trade-offs. By using the Food and Agriculture Biomass Input–Output model, we capture biomass, cropland, and blue water footprints of global supply chains. The results show that dietary changes are particularly effective in reducing biomass and cropland footprints, showing a decrease of up to 61% and 48%, respectively, whereas halving food waste decreases biomass and cropland footprints by 11% and 15%, respectively. For blue water savings, halving food waste is more effective: water use decreases by 14% compared to an increase of 6% for dietary change with the highest water consumption. Subsequently, a combination of the scenarios shows the highest total reduction potential. However, our findings reveal that despite reduced footprints, a dietary shift can lead to an increased amount of food waste due to the rising consumption of products associated with higher food waste shares. Therefore, policy strategies addressing both targets might be contradicting. We conclude that international and national policies can be most effective in achieving higher resource efficiency by exploiting the reduction potentials of all available strategies while simultaneously considering strategy interactions.


Abstact In this era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (ART), body habitus changes among HIV-infected patients, including face and peripheral lipoatrophy, visceral abdomen fat accumulation, together with lipid and glucose metabolism abnormalities, have been widely described under the name of lipodystrophy. Lipodystrophy contributes to cardiovascular disease risk in HIV infection through a complex interplay of host, virus and ART factors. Given that both HIV and ART are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease, aggressive preventive care should be considered in all infected patients. The time has come to proceed beyond lipodystrophy studies based on blood concentrations of lipids and glucose and body fat evaluation. Surrogate markers of organ disease associated with lipodystrophy identify patients vulnerable to cardiovascular events better than statistical risk algorithms. Management of lipodystrophy needs to be considered as being part of a multidisciplinary approach focusing on the reduction of cardiovascular diseases. For now, the mainstays of cardiovascular disease prevention for HIV-infected persons at high risk include, appropriate lifestyle changes, use of lipid-lowering and anti-aggregant medications and judicious selection of highly active ART agents.


Many efforts for making good quality fabrics for emotional garment have been performed by SME weavers and finishers. And weaving machinery companies are researching about loom mechanism applied by low warp and filling tensions and loom mechanism for good quality fabrics. The fabric defects complained by garment manufacturers are stop marks, streaky phenomena on the warp direction, thickness variation and color differences between edges on the right and left sides of the fabrics, which are partly due to the tension variation of warp and filling directions. Therefore, many researches(Basu, 1987; Islam & Bandara, 1996, 1999) related to the fabric defects and weaving loom mechanism were carried out and many patents related to the loom were presented by loom makers. Many researches related to the warp and filling tensions during weaving were performed with relation to the fabric defects. Fabric physical property is largely affected by various factors such as constituent yarn physical property and fabric structural parameters. But, the fabric physical property for emotional garment is also affected by weaving loom characteristics. Among weaving loom characteristics, warp and weft yarn tensions during weaving are the most important parameters which affects fabric physical properties and quality. And warp and weft yarn tensions are different according to loom characteristics i.e. according to air-jet, rapier and projectile. Even though same rapier loom, these tensions are slightly different according to the mechanism of rapier loom. Many researches(Islam & Bandara, 1996, 1999) related to the warp and weft yarn tensions during weaving were carried out with relation to the stop marks and other fabric quality. On the other hand, air-jet insertion in air-jet loom and its mechanical mechanism were also performed with variation of the air flow and weft yarn tension.(Natarajan et al, 1993; Adanur & Mohamed, 1988, 1991, 1992)


The uv absorption properties in aqueous solution and the CD pro¬ perties in aqueous and in trifluoroethanol solution have been investigated for co-oligopeptides of tryptophan , phenylalanine and glycine of the general structures H-Gly-X-(Gly) -Trp-Gly-OH, X = Trp or Phe , n = 0,1,2. These have been compared with uv and CD properties of model compounds containing one aromatic residue (i.e. H-Trp-Gly-OH , H-Gly-Trp-OH , H-Gly-Trp-Gly-OH and H-Phe-Gly-OH , H-Gly-Phe-OH , H-Gly-Phe-Gly-OH) or two aromatic residues (i.e. H-Trp-Trp-OH , H-Trp-Trp-Gly-OH , H-Gly-Trp-TrpOH and H-Phe-Trp-OH , H-Phe-Trp-Gly-OH , H-Gly-Phe-Trp-OH). The uv absorption spectra have been analyzed in terms of the chromophoric contributions of the two aromatic side chains and of the peptide bond. No interaction leading to a modification of the uv absorption spectra (e.g. stacking , charge-transfer complexation) has been detected between the two aromatic side chains of the investigated co-oligopeptides. The mean absorption contribution of the peptide bond (6910 M cm ) suggests that the backbone of the investigated peptides is mostly in a disordered conformational state and excludes the possibility of a formation of helical structures for the longer peptides. However the presence of the 3-structure for some of the products is not excluded. In the CD spectra there are evidences of a chromophoric interac¬ tion between the two aromatic moieties of the tetrapeptides H-Gly-Trp-Trp-Gly-OH and H-Gly-Phe-Trp-Gly-OH. On this basis,


In the context of the Research Fairness Initiative, both the Universidade Nova de Lisboa and the Universidade de Sao Paulo have sought, over the last few years, to solidify equity in public health research. However, these initiatives need to be contextualized to better promote their real adoption, especially in areas such as Public Health. Public Health presents two main characteristics that make it an area of science that is particularly sensitive to issues of equity: the relevance of public health interventions and the fact that it is evolving towards global health, sensitive to the pressures of globalization, global warming and of multiculturalism. Health research is an important and complex activity. More so when it involves patients and several countries, creating challenges that we must understand and mitigate. The COHRED reference framework was applied to better map fair research practices in Portugal and Brazil. Equity in public health research is an ethical duty, which most researchers embrace with dedication. Lack of resources often hinders such equity, but the adoption of more rigorous collaborative models has helped to mitigate.


1. Laus R, Yang DM, Ruegg CL, et al. Dendritic cell immunotherapy of prostate cancer: preclinical models and early clinical experience. Cancer Res Ther Control 2001;11:1-10. 2. Draft Guidance for Industry: clinical considerations for therapeutic cancer vaccines. Silver Spring, MD: Food and Drug Administration, 2009. (http://www.fda.gov/BiologicsBloodVaccines/ GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/Vaccines/ ucm182443.htm.) 3. Alemayehu B, Buysman E, Parry D, Becker L, Nathan F. Economic burden and healthcare utilization associated with castration-resistant prostate cancer in a commercial and Medicare Advantage US patient population. J Med Econ 2010;21:315-61.


This study reports on the intergenerational occupational mobility of secondary school teachers of African and East Indian descent in Trinidad and Tobago. Based on a larger survey conducted by mail in April 1974, it is based on the responses of 392 teachers in the two pertinent racial categories, who represent 75 per cent of the respon dents. This number constitutes nearly one-third of all the teachers in the government and government-assisted secondary schools in the country. The research questions posed seek to determine whether or not differences exist in the percentages of teachers in the two racial cate gories who have experienced upward mobility; express higher career aspirations; and to see the effects of controls for sex and age on the relationship. Over three-fourths of the teachers experienced upward occupational mobility compared to the occupation of their main parental wage ear ner at the time they lefi secondary school. More East Indian than African teachers experienced upward mobility, and the difference remained with controls for age and sex.


The invention discloses a rubber compound for two-stage low-compression-set-free sealing strips and a preparation method and applications thereof. The rubber compound for two-stage low-compression-set-free sealing strips is prepared by taking a raw rubber with a high vinyl density as a main body through adding a silicon resin, a white carbon black and a composition of home-made metal compounds, and the like. The rubber compound for two-stage low-compression-set-free sealing strips disclosed by the invention is low in low compression set and high in hardness, elongation and tear resistance; and by adding the composition of home-made metal compounds, the production time of products can be significantly shortened, thereby saving the production cost and improving the efficiency.


19.3±2.5 grams. The microanatomy observation showed that the liver consisted of loose connective tissue on the surface, underneath the surface there was a Glisson's capsule. In each lobule, there are central veins, a branch of hepatic portal veins, a branch of the hepatic artery, and a choledochus duct. Hepatic parenchyma consists of hepatocytes and sinusoids. The non-parenchyma cells that were found in the liver were Kupffer cells and endotel cells. Melanin pigment cells was found in the hepatic parenchymal, around the blood vessels such as the hepatic portal vein, hepatic artery, and the choledochus duct.


David Benatar believes that men in society are discriminated against just because they are men in the same way that women in society are dis criminated against just because they are women. He calls this discrimi nation the "second sexism."1 To show that this discrimination exists and deserves to be condemned, Benatar starts with a number of examples. He then seeks to explain and criticize the attitudes that he claims under lie these examples and to respond to objections to considering them anything but unjustified discrimination against men. Benatar's main example of discrimination against men is the wide spread restriction of combat to men, especially at the present time. Even today, when women are either free to join the military or are sometimes conscripted into it, Benatar observes, they are still generally restricted from serving in combat roles. In my comments, I will mainly limit my self to evaluating Benatar's claim for a second sexism by focusing on his main example, this restriction of combat to men, an example to which he returns time and time again throughout his paper. What I will show is that the restriction of combat to men is a clear example of discrimination against women, not one of discrimination against men; I will show that this is a case where "the wolf' of discrimination against women for the benefit of men is falsely presented in "the sheep's clothing" as really being for the benefit of women. The implication of my comments is that if Benatar's argument fails with regard to his main example, then it fails for his other examples as well.


More than 16,000 uninsured children and parents nationwide enrolled in or renewed health insurance through the Cities Expanding Health Access for Children and Families initiative. The program helped protect and improve public health by using enrollment campaigns targeted at families who were eligible for but not enrolled in Medicaid or the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP). The initiative was sponsored by the Atlantic Philanthropies, administered by the National League of Cities, and evaluated by Mathematica Policy Research.


Abstract Neighborhood disadvantage erodes residents' mental and physical health. But whether rapid reductions in disadvantage spurred by gentrification attenuate or exacerbate these effects remains unknown due to mixed theoretical expectations and empirical results. To help clarify these dynamics, I propose a novel hypothesis that casts gentrification as a carcinogen. As neighborhoods receive inflows of affluent, White residents, influxes of private vehicles may come with them. In turn, stationary residents become exposed to higher vehicular emissions, and their risk of cancer—especially lung cancer—climbs. As an initial empirical test of these theoretical possibilities, I link Urban Displacement Project data identifying Los Angeles County neighborhoods that gentrified during the 2000s to tract-level data on vehicle ownership and cancer risk profiles—the latter from the Environmental Protection Agency's National Air Toxics Assessment. Descriptive regressions that include a lagged dependent variable and municipal fixed effects suggest gentrifying tracts' levels of cancer risk factors increased by ∼0.5 standard deviations more than those of disadvantaged neighborhoods that did not gentrify. Sobel tests of mediation indicate nearly half of this association may be explained by a pathway related to increasing vehicle density. The study thus motivates future research leveraging individual-level data and quasi-experimental methods to solidify whether gentrification is indeed a carcinogen.


The international conference 'How Zen Became Chan: Pre-modern and Modern Representations of a Transnational East Asian Buddhist Tradition' took place between July 29–31, 2022. The conference was hosted by the From the Ground Up: Buddhism and East Asian Religions (FROGBEAR) Project at the University of British Columbia (UBC), with the assistance of the Glorisun Global Network of Buddhist Studies at Yale University. The conference was made possible with generous support from the Glorisun Charitable Foundation in Hong Kong. It brought together scholars from many countries around the world specializing in Chan, Zen, Sŏn, and Thiền studies, who presented their research in three different languages. It was an enriching opportunity to subtly shift the center of gravity of East Asian Buddhist studies and extend it to a more intercultural and interregional perspective. The conference lasted three days and was divided into ten thematic blocks, each of which focused on a specific issue ranging from methodological, political, and literary issues, among others. This event was also the intersegmental conference for the 2022 Glorisun International and Intensive Program on Buddhist Studies—a program that trains emerging Buddhist studies students from around the world with lectures given by prominent Buddhologists.


Abstract : The report contains the results of tests that were conducted to determine the performance of a radar quantizer having distribution-free characteristics as compared to that of an existing type of quantizer employing mean level techniques. Several types of range binners were developed and tests were performed to ascertain the false target rate and detection capabilities of each of the quantizer and range binner configurations. The tests consisted of both bench tests and those employing weather clutter samples from the National Aviation Facilities Experimental Center (NAFEC) ASR-5 environment. Additionally, performance of the radar processor with inputs derived from a moving target indicator (MTI) video, that was designed to have an extended dynamic range, was investigated. It was concluded that the design of the rank order quantizer described in this document approaches theoretical performance. Detection loss is experienced at range cell boundaries. The extended range MTI provides comparable performance to that of MTI log but is far less costly. Additionally, second threshold control is capable of maintaining a false target rate acceptable as an input to a tracking algorithm.


Significance
 The main impacts of Brexit will be new tariff and non-tariff barriers, a new immigration regime that will favour medium- and high-skilled people from outside the EU, the ability to strike new trade deals, and greater regulatory flexibility.

 Impacts
 The United Kingdom's domestic tourism industry could benefit as travelling to the EU will become more expensive.
 By "taking back control" of state aid, the UK government will come under greater and more sustained pressure to subsidise companies.
 Sectors adversely affected by the new immigration plans will have to invest strongly in new recruitment methods.


Domain adaptation for statistical machine translation is the task of altering general models to improve performance on the test domain. In this work, we suggest several novel weighting schemes based on translation models for adapted phrase extraction. To calculate the weights, we first phrase align the general bilingual training data, then, using domain specific translation models, the aligned data is scored and weights are defined over these scores. Experiments are performed on two translation tasks, German-to-English and Arabic-toEnglish translation with lectures as the target domain. Different weighting schemes based on translation models are compared, and significant improvements over automatic translation quality are reported. In addition, we compare our work to previous methods for adaptation and show significant gains.


For qualification of crankcase lubrication oils in ship diesel engines the total acid number, strong acid number and total base number were determined. It is shown that these numbers have a low degree of reproducibility. A more rapid and reliable method for assessing the corrosive properties of a used oil, using the conductivity relation of ultrathin cooper layers on an inert base material, was developed. Encouraging results were obtained.


bacteria use active segregation systems (hereafter ParABS). ParABS systems encode three dedicated components: 1) an origin-proximal centromeric DNA sequence, parS; 2) a motor ATPase ParA; and 3) a centromere-binding protein ParB that interacts with parS and is predicted to regulate ParA activity. Two competing models have emerged to explain active chromosome/plasmid segregation by ParABS systems. The first model proposes that ParA filaments depolymerize to pull ParB/parS complexes towards opposite cell halves, whereas the second suggests a ''diffusion-ratchet'' mechanism by which ParB/parS segrosome complexes ratchet along the surface of the nucleoid following regions of higher local ParA concentration. Here, we investigate the mechanism of segregation of the F-plasmid in Escherichia coli by developing and using single-molecule and superresolution microscopy methods (photo-activated localization, and structured illumination microscopies). We find that: (1) segregosome complexes organize in clusters with a size of ~45 nm that originate at mid-cell and rapidly migrate to 1/4 and 3/4 positions; (2) These clusters are highly dynamic and display brownian, confined, and directed motions; (3) the majority of ParB proteins localize to ParB/C clusters; (4) segregosome clusters are not localized at the space between the membrane and the nuclear surface, as previously predicted, but are rather localized at the interior of the nucleus; and (5) ParA displays rapid pole to pole oscillations that extend across the core of the nucleus. Overall, our results are inconsistent with models suggesting that segregosome complexes are ratcheted on the nuclear surface, and rather suggest that the mechanism of segregation involves active translocation by the ParA ATPase.


questions or hypotheses; a set of statements to be evaluated by the respondents; set of employees matched to the needs assessment and methods of statistical analysis. This tool has been tested for the selected object, which was a large company with a branch of restaurant services. The test confirmed the practical usefulness of this approach and the validity of its adaptation to the needs of a particular organization. In case of small enterprises they may adopt a limited (simplified) formula to measure the consistency.


The package \textsf{clayton} is designed to be intuitive, user-friendly, and efficient. It offers a wide range of copula models, including Archimedean, Elliptical, and Extreme. The package is implemented in pure \textsf{Python}, making it easy to install and use. In addition, we provide detailed documentation and examples to help users get started quickly. We also conduct a performance comparison with existing \textsf{R} packages, demonstrating the efficiency of our implementation. The \textsf{clayton} package is a valuable tool for researchers and practitioners working with copulas in \textsf{Python}.


Overall costs of £20,000 a day for operating the very largest tankers make it important to extend the period between drydockings as much as possible, to keep the time spent in port to a minimum, and to avoid even small losses of speed in service.


The influences of soil management and nitrogen fertilization are not well defined for upland rice. Thus, this research was carried out to evaluate the yield components, milled grain yield, and grain yield of upland rice cultivars under sprinkler irrigation, according to soil management and topdressing nitrogen doses. The experiment was conducted in Selviria, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, under field conditions, for two consecutive harvest times: 2003/2004 (BRS Talento cultivar) and 2004/2005 (IAC 202 cultivar). The randomized blocks design was adopted, consisting of the combination of three soil management systems (disc harrow + leveling disc harrow, scarifier + leveling disc harrow, and no-till) and six topdressing nitrogen doses (0 kg ha -1 , 25 kg ha -1 , 50 kg ha -1 , 75 kg ha -1 , 100 kg ha -1 , and 125 kg ha -1 ), with four replications. The leaf N concentration, plant height, yield components, milled grain yield, and grain yield were evaluated. The scarifier + leveling disc harrow system provided the highest grain yield for both cultivars, while the topdressing nitrogen fertilization just affected the IAC 202 cultivar yield, without affecting the milled grains yield.


Abstract This article examines the effect of infrastructure on output performance of India taking into consideration different types of infrastructure facilities and also creating indices of infrastructure using principal component analysis. The methodology involves time series techniques where Granger causality is also tested to determine the nature of relationship between infrastructure and output using the Toda-Yamamoto two-step procedure for non-stationary variables. The results indicate that for India there exist unidirectional relationship from infrastructure to output and the impact of the same was then determined. Upon considering the impact of growth rate of various infrastructure indicators, it is found that electricity and telecommunication growth rates have had significant and positive impact on output growth. The coefficient for electricity generation is 0.35 and of tele-density growth rate is 0.15. These results are significant considering that to ensure and enhance the growth potential of Indian economy, care must be taken to remove any bottlenecks in the provisioning of these infrastructure variables and to further improve upon the delivery of these infrastructure sectors.


Ischemic stroke is quite common. Pathologically, it includes anemic infarct and hemorrhagic infarct. Causes of infarctions are various, such as atherosclerosis, thrombosis, artery-to-artery embolism, cardioembolic stroke, lacunar infarcts, watershed infarcts, cerebral veneous thrombosis, herniation, and so on. We will focus on some common causes of brain infarct and introduce its pathologic features briefly. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2015.02.001


This paper reports upon the findings of a conference, a survey and a series of targeted meetings of SEN tutors in ITE institutions researching upon their policy and practice in the context of planning the SEN school experiences of student teachers. The research was funded by the Standing Conference of teacher education in the North and South of Ireland. The introductory conference was held at The National Institute For Intellectual Disability, Trinity College Dublin, Floor 4, 3 College Green on Thursday 22nd & Friday 23rd March, 2007. Present at the conference and involved in the ensuing preparation of this report were: