The bifurcation and instability of nonisothermal annular Poiseuille flow (NAPF) of air as well as water is studied. We have emphasized the impact of a gap between cylinders in terms of curvature parameter (C) for axisymmetric as well as nonaxisymmetric disturbances. The results from the linear stability analysis reveal that the first azimuthal mode acts as a least stable mode of the NAPF of air for relatively small values of C. In this situation, even though for some values of C, the NAPF has supercritical bifurcation, but the same flow may experience subcritical bifurcation under zero azimuthal mode. It has also been observed that for relatively larger values of the Reynolds number (Re) and lower values of C, the NAPF under axisymmetric disturbance always exhibits subcritical bifurcation. However, for small values of Re, the NAPF exhibits only supercritical bifurcation. The finite amplitude analysis predicts only supercritical bifurcation of NAPF of water. The influence of nonlinear interaction of different harmonics on the amplitude profile as well as kinetic energy spectrum is investigated. The amplitude profile possesses a jump in the vicinity of a point where the type of bifurcation is changed. In the subcritical regime, the induced shear production due to modification of the gradient production acts as a main destabilizing factor balanced by the gradient production of kinetic energy.The bifurcation and instability of nonisothermal annular Poiseuille flow (NAPF) of air as well as water is studied. We have emphasized the impact of a gap between cylinders in terms of curvature parameter (C) for axisymmetric as well as nonaxisymmetric disturbances. The results from the linear stability analysis reveal that the first azimuthal mode acts as a least stable mode of the NAPF of air for relatively small values of C. In this situation, even though for some values of C, the NAPF has supercritical bifurcation, but the same flow may experience subcritical bifurcation under zero azimuthal mode. It has also been observed that for relatively larger values of the Reynolds number (Re) and lower values of C, the NAPF under axisymmetric disturbance always exhibits subcritical bifurcation. However, for small values of Re, the NAPF exhibits only supercritical bifurcation. The finite amplitude analysis predicts only supercritical bifurcation of NAPF of water. The influence of nonlinear interaction of differ...


Purpose: The research aimed to identify the relationship between psychological empowerment and decision-making Styles among Al-Azhar teachers. The research also aimed to identify the differences in teachers' levels on the (psychological empowerment and decision-making styles) scale according to the variable (gender).
Methodology: The research sample consisted of (556) male and female teachers in Al-Azhar. The research tools included a psychological empowerment scale and decision-making styles scale. The researcher used descriptive methods. To process the results and validate the hypotheses, the researcher used the correlation coefficients and t-test.
Main Findings: The results show that there is a positive relationship between psychological empowerment and decision-making styles. There is a negative correlation between the dimensions of psychological empowerment and decision-making styles. The results indicated a statistically significant difference in psychological empowerment due to gender in favor of males. Lastly, there is no statistically significant difference due to gender in the (intuitive) style.
Implication: Psychological empowerment should be utilized to raise the decision-making styles of university students.
Novelty: This is a first attempt to explore the psychological empowerment of the decision-making styles of university students in Egypt which may be further explored to enrich the students' understanding.


The intramolecular Ullmann coupling of the title diester proceeded in low yield but with virtually complete asymmetric induction in joining the two naphthyl units leading to the 12-membered cyclic diester of (S,S)-configuration, which is the same diastereomer obtained from the reaction of (S)-2,2′-bis(1-bromo-2-naphthoyloxy)-1,1′-binaphthyl.


Aims: To evaluate and compare the diagnostic values and clinical utility of the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, the tear film break-up time test (TBUT), and the Schirmer's test in diagnosing dry eye disease in patients presenting with dry eye symptoms. Study Design: A prospective observational study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Ophthalmology, AIIMS Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. Two-month period between July 2016 and September 2016. Methodology: We have included 100 patients aged >20 years having foreign body sensations, burning sensations, pain, dryness, blurred vision, photophobia, redness in the study. Routine ophthalmological examination was performed after OSDI questionnaire, followed by TBUT and Schirmer's test and outcomes were evaluated. Results: The mean age of 100 participants was 43 ± 15.97years (range 20–78 years). The mean OSDI, TBUT, and Schirmer's test scores were 58.67± 12.12 (range 30.0–88.9), 5.77 ± 3.49 seconds (range 0–17 seconds), and 09.78 ± 7.93 mm (range 0–32.5 mm), respectively. There was a Opinion Article Suman and Goyal; OR, 11(2): 1-7, 2019; Article no.OR.53362 2 statistically highly significant inverse correlation between the OSDI and TBUT (r = −0.597, P = <0.0001), statistically significant correlation between TBUT and Schirmer test (r= -0.227, p= 0.023), whereas no significant correlation noted between the OSDI and Schirmer's test (r= -0.142, p= 0.158). Conclusion: The prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) is increasing these days. For early recognition and treatment, we need rapid, reliable and less invasive diagnostic test in daily practice. The OSDI together with the TBUT is less time consuming, easy to perform and can be useful in diagnosis of DED.


During the past 20 years the usage of anaerobic-curing sealants and adhesives has grown rapidly from almost nothing to an estimated 1500 tonnes per annum. An annual growth rate in excess of 10% is predicted throughout the present decade.

In this paper, the gradual improvement in the performance characteristics of these systems is traced, from the somewhat uncommercial earliest formulations which required air or oxygen to be bubbled continuously through the system in order to prevent premature gelation, to the present day systems which cure rapidly on most metallic substrates yet possess shelf lives in excess of twelve months.

Reaction mechanisms are postulated for the ever-more efficient curing systems being developed and also for the extremely delicate balance between high reactivity and extended storage stability in commercially available products.


Poor ewe nutrition during pregnancy can reduce lamb birth weight and survival and have permanent adverse impacts on their production. The 'Lifetime Wool' project has shown that progeny from ewes that lost a condition score during pregnancy produce up to 1 kg less wool during their entire lifetime and that their wool is 0.2 to 0.3 microns broader than those from ewes which maintained condition during pregnancy. Progeny from poorly fed ewes are also much fatter when they reach mature size, which may predispose them to various metabolic, cardiovascular and other diseases as occurs in humans. In this study, more than 80% of the variance in the proportion of fat (and lean) was explained by differences in mature size of the progeny and the liveweight profile of their dam during pregnancy.


This paper carries out schematic design of safety monitoring of the whole construction process,and proves the feasibility of the scheme through practical engineering,in order to ensure the security of foundation pit supporting structure and neighboring buildings and to offer the basis to increase the entire level of design and construction of foundation pit engineering.


ABSTRACT If H is a subgroup of G, we investigate the situation where the irreducible constituents of αG all have equal degree for each nonprincipal irreducible character α of H. When this situation occurs, either H is contained in G′ or G′ is contained in H. When HG, the normal closure of H in G, is proper in G′, then H is solvable, although G need not be solvable. We show that G is solvable when H < G′ and . It has been conjectured that H is subnormal in G. We present a partial result.


For further improving the accuracy of highway engineering geological exploration and security of highway engineering construction, according to the exploration and construction of some highway projects in this area recently, this paper analyzes the engineering geological environments in this area, from topographical feather, geology structure, strata, hydrogeology and unfavorable geoglogical action and so on, at the meantime this paper discussed the relevance and unitarity between geotechnical engineering problems and engineering geological conditions on the base of the feedback problems in the course of highway construction , and the author hopes it can supply some references for the similar projects.


Traditional memory technologies face severe challenges meeting the ever increasing power and memory bandwidth requirements for high performance computing and big-data analysis. Several emerging memory technologies, as promising candidates to replace SRAM or DRAM, have advanced fast. Among them, STT-MRAM can be used to replace SRAM for on chip cache. However, it suffers from high write energy and latency problems. In the paper, we investigate the data patterns written back from SRAM based L1 cache to STT-MRAM based L2 cache to explore the write energy reduction potential. Depending on the data layout within a cache line, redundant bits can be identified and eliminated from write back operations to save STT-MRAM write energy with only a small area overhead. The simulation results validate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed method.


The exploitation of low grade renewable heat sources necessitates the use of Organic Rankine Cycle systems (ORC) as a mature technology for low-grade temperature power generation, where organic fluids such as hydrocarbons or refrigerants are utilized to facilitate efficient power and/or heating or cooling cogeneration. The paper is structured in some parts. An introduction and a brief description of ORC system is presented, followed by an analysis of physical properties of working fluids. Next, different applications for ORC are introduced. In the next sections, different types of expanders, heat exchangers, and manufacturer of this technology are described. Finally, some current research and development related to the use of ORC in combined cycles are discussed.


In recent years, the demand for high purity spinning processes has been growing in certain industry branches, such as the semiconductor, biotechnological, pharmaceutical, and chemical industry. Therefore, the cleanness specifications have been tightened, and hermetically sealed process chambers are preferred. This paper presents an advantageous solution for such an application featuring a large scale, wide air gap, and a high accelerating bearingless segment motor. Bearingless slice motors allow complete magnetic levitation in combination with a very compact and economic design. The disc-shaped rotor holds permanent magnets generating magnetic flux in the air gap. Hence, three degrees of freedom are passively stabilized by reluctance forces. Thus, only the radial rotor position and the rotor angle have to be controlled actively. The announced bearingless segment motor is a subtype of the bearingless slice motor, featuring separate independent stator elements. This leads to a reduction of stator iron, cost, and weight and, in addition, leaves space for sensors and electronics enabling a very compact system design.


This article discusses the scope of tradition in education, from Ricoeur and Freud's arguments about tradition. For this, the author proposes as stand point the classic text wr ote by Hannah Arendt: "The crisis in education" The author posits that this choice reveals itself as paradigmatic for the established proposal of extracting some consequence of this conversation which might revitalize this discussion which is not a new one, because is just this matter which we can also ind in the Arendt's work


The Famatina margin records an orogenic cycle of convergence, metamorphism, magmatism, and extension related to the accretion of the allochthonous Precordillera terrane. New structural, petrologic, and geochronologic data from the Loma de Las Chacras region demonstrate two distinct episodes of lower crustal migmatization. The first event preserves a counterclockwise pressure‐temperature path in kyanite‐K‐feldspar pelitic migmatites that resulted in lower crustal migmatization via muscovite dehydration melting at ∼12 kbar and 868°C at 461 ±1.7 Ma. The shape of the pressure temperature path and timing of metamorphism are similar to those of regional midcrustal granulites and suggest pervasive Ordovician migmatization throughout the Famatina margin. One‐dimensional thermal modeling coupled with regional isotopic data suggests Ordovician melts remained at temperatures above their solidus for 20–30 Ma following peak granulite facies metamorphism, throughout a time period marked by regional oblique convergence. The onset of synconvergent extension occurred only after regional migmatites cooled beneath their solidus and was synchronous with the cessation of Precordillera terrane accretion at ∼436 Ma. The second migmatite event was regionally localized and occurred at ∼700°C and 12 kbar between 411 and 407 Ma via vapor saturated melting of muscovite. Migmatization was synchronous with extension, exhumation, and strike‐slip deformation that likely resulted from a change in the plate boundary configuration related to the convergence and collision of the Chilenia terrane.


C OLE -M ONTELEONE -P OST P AGE P ROOF (D O N OT D ELETE ) 1/21/2017 5:00 PM SCANDAL, FRAUD, AND THE REFORM OF FORENSIC SCIENCE: THE CASE OF FINGERPRINT ANALYSIS Simon A. Cole* I. I NTRODUCTION 524 II. T WO S CANDALS THAT P LAYED A C RITICAL R OLE IN F INGERPRINT I DENTIFICATION R EFORM 524 A. The McKie Case 524 B. The Mayfield Case 526 III. T HEN AND N OW : T HE S TATE OF F INGERPRINT A NALYSIS 528 A. The State of Fingerprint Analysis in 1997 528 B. The State of Fingerprint Analysis Today 529 IV. H ISTORICAL C ONTEXT : O THER F ORCES L EADING TO C HANGE IN F INGERPRINT I DENTIFICATION P RIOR TO M C K IE AND M AYFIELD 533 A. Debate Regarding Point Counting Versus Ridgeology ......... 533 B. Attacks on Point Standards 534 C. Other Literature and Arguments Questioning the Reliability of Fingerprint Identification 535 D. The Likelihood of Change in Fingerprint Identification Without the McKie and Mayfield Scandals 538 V. R ATIONALES FOR F INGERPRINT R EFORM 539 A. Explanations Provided for Erroneous Identifications 540 VI. C RISIS AND I TS R OLE IN F INGERPRINT R EFORM 542 VII. I MPLICATIONS OF O UR D EPENDENCE ON E XTERNAL C RISES TO E FFECT R EFORM 544 VIII. C ONCLUSION : P ERMANENT M ECHANISMS FOR I MPROVEMENT .. 547 Professor of Criminology, Law & Society, University of California, Irvine; Ph.D. (science & technology studies), Cornell University; A.B., Princeton University. This Article was originally written for a volume on the McKie case to be edited by Iain McKie and Arie Zeelenberg. Unfortunately, circumstances did not allow that volume to come to fruition. I am honored to have been invited by the editors to participate in that project. I learned a great deal from reading the draft chapters of Arie Zeelenberg, Gary Dempster, David Grieve, John Scott, and Pat Wertheim. It should be emphasized, however, that I wrote almost all of this Article before reading their drafts. For comments on a draft of this manuscript, I am grateful to Christophe Champod, Victor Toom, Itiel Dror, Allan Jamieson, and Joelle Vuille.


Content and Interpretation Rather than writing about his own camp experiences, Pankowski's work consists in the writer's reflections on the stories of other survivors from a perspective of about sixty years after the war. In fourteen formally and materially diverse parts, Pankowski tells the story of the only survivor from the town of N., a Jewish girl by the name of Fajga Oberlender, who survived thanks to her mother's cleverness and the help of her neighbours. As Arkadiusz Morawiec points out, this is a story inspired by the wartime experiences of the writer's own wife, Regina Pankowska, who died in 1972. Regina Pankowska, née Fern, left Lviv in 1944 to take part in the Warsaw Uprising, marrying Marian Pankowski in 1950 (the name "Fajga" is ostensibly connected to Regina for sentimental reasons). The first part of the story concerns the protagonist's journey in 1950 to the fictional city of Azojville, U. S. – possibly a pseudonym for Asheville, North Carolina – where she is to present her survival story to members of the Association of Eastern European Jews. In this sense, Pankowski bases his story on a formula with universal appeal – or in any case, with an American audience in mind. She tells them how her mother saved her by dropping her from the railway embankment as she and other Jewish residents of their village were boarding a train to the death camps. Later, with the help of a Polish friend, she hid in a shed. The essence of Pankowski's story is not the literary transposition of testimony, but a gesture that consists in problematising the manner in which stories of the Holocaust are told. It is a gesture that speaks not only to the narratives that circulate among American Jews, but to those about antisemitic pseudo-scholars, and to attitudes of Polish villagers towards the Holocaust: "For us Christians, the priest commands us to love thy neighbour as thyself. Anyway, Jews cannot become our fellow men. Jews are definitely alone" (Pankowski, 2008, pp. 29–30). "On the Aging of Events and Jews Stripped of Their Humanity" is a pastiche of the attitude of the "typical" Pole who, despite the Holocaust, still considers Jews to be for-


The selection and development of the party members is the most important task of ideological and political education, it has an important role in establishing an excellent cadre of student party members, to strengthen the ideological and political education. This paper analyzes the importance and urgency of establishing a cadre of the party members from thinking, learning, living three aspects of the party members and the backbone of the basic requirements of the selection and development of the party members and the backbone to focus on the selection from the the learning backbone, students backbone, Societies backbone to strengthen theoretical study and carry out practical activities and propaganda work, pay attention to the position of the party school to strengthen the backbone of the training and education of party members.


The paper presents a conceptual basis for developing training prototypes of an interactive assembling system for automatic building of application software systems. This basis was obtained during practical works in such courses as "Software systems design and architecture" and "Object-oriented analysis and design". Software systems generation is based on the Theory of program schemes concepts, its standard structural schemes and program engineering methodologies. Assembling occurs in user interaction on a professional language. The professional dialogue language is based on the concept of intellectual interface and comprises a combination of a strictly programmed dialogue and a free scripted dialogue. The purpose of the system is practical demonstration of basic stages and operations when developing complex software according to a layout-modelling approach to software engineering briefly summarized in the paper. The paper also includes formulations and solutions for some important problems of complex software systems generation, such as program module compatibility, formalization of computer interaction and choosing formal models for human-machine interface. The authors propose a specific system architecture that allows expanding the system with process plugins when collecting incompatible software modules, which are written in different languages and require diverse libraries, to make them compatible. The paper presents systemized formal and informal models of human-computer interaction. In addition, there are three training prototype implementations for selected models: model based on the game theory, a tensor network model and a graph-based model.


With the rapid growth in mobile data traffic, 5G communication has been emerging. 5G communication utilizes mmWave links owing to its large bandwidth, but the high-frequency spectrum is not as reliable as the sub-6GHz bands. This is critical to TCP traffic because the network can not distinguish between link errors from network congestion. Multi-connectivity is a promising technology that provides link robustness at the network level. Meanwhile, TCP proxy, an intermediate node that accelerates TCP, can improve TCP throughput in high speed communication with mmWave link. Even though TCP performance in mmWave networks improves by adopting multi-connectivity and TCP Proxy, there is no study that considers using these two together. We integrate the two schemes and simulate the operation of TCP proxy on the multi-connectivity enabled mmWave network using ns-3 simulation. From simulation results, we find that performance of TCP proxy depends on the location of proxy placement, backhaul delay, and buffer size.


Digital video broadcasting for hand held terminals (DVB-H) is a broadcast system designed for high-speed data transmission in highly dispersive mobile channel conditions. In this paper, methods of reproducing the statistical properties of measured DVB-H packet error traces are presented. Statistical and finite-state modeling approaches are found to be suitable for simulating the error performance of a DVB-H system operating in typical urban channel conditions. Evaluation of these models focuses on the accuracy of the models in replicating the high-order statistical properties of measured DVB-H transport stream error traces. Also, the effect of these error statistics on the DVB-H link layer frame error rate is considered.


© Dt. Dermatologische Gesellschaft • Journal compilation © Blackwell Verlag GmbH, Berlin • JDDG •1610-0379/2009/0707 JDDG | 7 ̇2009 (Band 7) 1 Mechanisms of photosensitization Chemical photosensitization is an unwanted side effect of many industrial and therapeutic substances that can reach the skin via systemic uptake or topical application. Photosensitizations are almost always linked to the absorption of UVA. Dyes sometimes also react with visible light. The first step in photosensitization is the absorption of a photon by a molecule, the chromophore. The molecule thus assumes an excited energy state that leads to further early reactions. On the one hand, it can bind to a skin protein forming a complete antigen that after immunologic sensitization can cause a photoallergic reaction if formed again. Various phototoxic mechanisms may also arise either by direct phototoxic damage by a photo-product or by direct binding in a biological molecule such as DNA. Further phototoxic reactions mediated by oxygen, termed photodynamic reactions, can occur. Phototoxic effects on the cell can involve the cell membrane, cytoplasmic organelles or nucleus [23].


Capital gains tax, introduced in 1985, is a relatively small but important source of government revenue. This article explores historical trends in capital gains tax, focussing on the behaviours of different entities, and describes Treasury's modelling framework for forecasting the tax.


In today's era, when the size of information and data is increasing exponentially, there is an upcoming need to create a concise version of the information available. Until now, humans have tried to create "summaries" of the documents. Especially, Myanmar Natural Language Processing does not have computerized text summarization. Therefore, this paper presents a summary generation system that will accept a single document as input in Myanmar. In addition, this work presents analysis on the influence of the semantic roles in summary generation. The proposed text summarization system involves three steps: first, the sentences are parsed using Part of Speech tagger with Myanmar Language Tool Knowledge Resource (ML2KR); secondly, pronouns in the original text are resolved using Myanmar Pronoun Resolution Algorithm (MPAR); thirdly, the sentences are labeled with semantic roles using Myanmar Verb Frame Resource (MVF), finally, extraction of the sentences containing specific semantic roles for the most relevant entities in text. After that, the system abstracts the important information in fewer words from extraction summary from single documents.


Subjects viewed a videotaped group discussion by a leader and four other group members and evaluated each of them for leadership competence. The leader, either a man or a woman, was either personally endorsed ("legitimized") or unendorsed by either a male or a female authority figure. Legitimation raised both leaders' performance evaluations. Legitimation by the female authority affected the leaders' evaluations, overall, as much as legitimation by a male authority. For the male leader, legitimation by the male and female authority figures produced equal impact. However, legitimation by the female authority figure produced significantly greater impact on evaluations of the female leader's performance than the same legitimation by a male authority figure. The data suggest that female authority figures can be effective legitimizers of both sexes, but male authority's endorsements of a female subordinate may be viewed as suspect.


The article deals with the history and the development of the theory of oppositions. It is revealed that the analysis of oppositions according to the relations between their members and morphological and semantic indicators is the most productive for the lexical level of language research.The efficiency of the oppositional method was approvedby applying it to the study of the relations between the elements of the semantic microfield«піднесення» as a structural part of the lexical-semantic field «патріотизм» in the Ukrainian language.


Neurosecretory cells have been observed in the entire central nervous system of an adult Indian spider Oxyopes sakuntale Tikader. These cells are present in groups at various locations in the central nervous system. They can be divided into two types on the basis of their shape, size and cytomorphic properties. Unlike insects here the median group of pars intercerebralis has very few cells. All the neruosecretory cells have similar staining reaction and can not be differentiated into types on the basis of their staining property. Majority of the cells are circular in shape, bigger in size and dark staining. In between there are few cells which are elleptical in shape, smaller in size and light staining. They all stain green with PAF (As modified by Ewen 1962) light blue with CHP (Gomori 1941) and red with HEIDENHAINS Azan stain.


This paper presents an argument in favour of developing a multiculturalism policy for the EU, by reference to the potential role which could be played by the Charter of Fundamental Rights in this respect. The provisions on education and culture in the Charter are analysed, with a view to examining how they might be used – in conjunction with existing EU policies on education and culture – to engage with the issues of diversity, tolerance and respect which are raised by what is called the 'promise of multiculturalism'.


Anyone who has learned to play a musical instrument through private lessons is aware that much of what is taught in these lessons is not published anywhere. Although some prominent exceptions exist, most instrumental teachers do not write books; they transmit their accumulated knowledge through their students, who go on to become teachers themselves. Many produce a sort of ''Xerox lore'' by distributing handwritten exercises and typewritten advice to their students; as a clarinet student myself, I was always impressed with the moment that a teacher would get up from his chair and pull out a drawer in a bulging, gunmetal-gray filing cabinet, producing a muchphotocopied document that would help me solve some vexing fingering or intonation problem. Reading Michèle Gingras's Clarinet Secrets reminded me of those filing cabinets and the concise and focused knowledge they contained. Unlike so many other books by prominent instrumental performers and pedagogues, Clarinet Secrets is not a name-dropping hybrid of biography and instruction; it does not include a single anecdote about a beloved colleague, temperamental conductor, or perplexed student who went on to greatness. A reader who is unaware of Gingras's international fame will learn nothing of it outside of the ''About the Author'' page. Rather, Clarinet Secrets is a succinct examination of some of the more troublesome aspects of clarinet playing and what students can do to approach them.


Peasant agitations usually generate, under dictatorial contexts, resistant identities and memories which the established powers try to defuse by means of a distorting management of the former. This paper examines some cases from recent history of Galician and Portuguese peasant struggles from a comparative perspective. Resemblances between both countries must be pointed out despite of differences in respective agrarian societies. The research is based upon documental resources coming from the Arquivo do Ministério do Interior da República Portuguesa (inside the Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo) and the Centro de Estudos de Etnologia Portuguesa (Universidade Nova de Lisboa), and also upon specialisated bibliography repertories. Palabras chave: Luita de classes-Memória-Identidade-Campesina


Purpose: Electron paramagnetic resonance imaging (EPRI) employed using single-point (SP) imaging techniques offers the capability to dynamically image in vivo tumor oxygenation. While highly specific, current capabilities for high spatial resolution dynamic imaging are limited. Recently, we have investigated partial k-space acceleration techniques for SP-EPRI [1]. In this work, we extend these findings to determine the optimal technique for the inherently low resolutions used in SP-EPRI acquisitions. We show that the SP-EPRI imaging technique is highly suited to PF techniques due to its tractable phase characteristics, and that performance of each method is dependent upon image matrix size. Methods: Image data was acquired on a EPRI spectrometer operating at 300 MHz. A resolution phantom was imaged in 2D with 61x61 phase encoding points. As presented in Figure 1, PF reconstruction using conjugate symmetry (with phase correction using the zero gradient magnitude k-space FID) performed better than all other well-known partial k-space sampling reconstructions [2]. To identify the characteristics of reduced sampling, the data was subsampled to resolutions of 11x11, 21x21, 31x31, 41x41, 51x51, and 61x61 and reconstructed using elliptical sampling, phase-corrected conjugate symmetry (using 55%, 65%, and 75% sampling), and a combination of the two (using net 45% sampling). Images were generated from the respective phase encoded FIDs corresponding to time delay 810 ns. In vivo images were acquired on a mouse with SCC tumor cells implanted in the right femoral muscle. The acquisition was performed in 3D using 19x19x19 phase encoding points. Results: The reconstruction error (RMSE) was calculated for each sampling strategy and is shown in Figure 2. Elliptical scans have higher error at lower matrix sizes, but all techniques have comparable error at larger matrix size. Figure 3 shows that images have highly comparable quality, even with just 45% of the original data points sampled (2.2x acceleration). Figure 4 shows similar results for in vivo data; however, elliptical methods performed poorly, while good quality results were achieved with 63% sampling (1.6x acceleration) Discussion and Conclusion: As expected, smaller matrix size increases the density of k-space measurements and reduces the performance of all partial sampling strategies. Images can be reconstructed with little error using large PF factors due to the low image phase resultant from the low B0 fields employed in the modality, as well as the SP acquisition which results in data reconstructed only from k-space points with an identical time delay. EPRI will benefit from the use of partial k-space sampling to improve temporal resolution, which can be used to improve spatial resolution for comparable scan times. Remaining work includes evaluation of the effect of partial k-space sampling on quantitative measurements of pO2. References [1] Subramanian et al. (2012). MRM. [Epub, In press]. [2] McGibney et al. (1993). MRM. 30:51-59. Figure 2. Reconstruction error (RMSE) versus image matrix size for the evaluated partial k-space sampling schemes. Full 50% sampling 50% sampling, corrected Figure 1. (Left) Fully-sampled image of resolution phantom. (Middle) PF reconstruction using 50% sampling. (Right) Phase-corrected PF reconstruction.


Importance of Plasma Applications to Integrated Circuit Processes Physics of Plasma Chemical Reactions (Theory and Measurement) Plasma Apparatus Application to Semiconductor Circuit Fabrication Evaluation of Plasma Processes References Index.


The purpose of this study is to determine the curiosity of students to find out area of kite supported by GeoGebra. The samples of this study are 26 students of 7 th grade. The students were introduced to GeoGebra to find out the area of kite. GeoGebra is one of the software as a media of learning mathematics that has many features and easy to use. In this research, the use of GeoGebra is also discussed with existing examples of finding the area of kite. The instrument is worksheets and students' reflections. The result of experiment shows that learning mathematics with the support of GeoGebra can foster the curiosity of students. Overall, the curiosity of students is in good category.


s of papers 67 290 Broiler response to equicaloric high oil corn and normal corn diets with added oil. N.J. Daghir*1, M.T. Farran1, and G.W. Barbour2, 1American University of Beirut, 2Agriculture Research Institute. Broiler response to equicaloric diets based on the caltivar #37497 high oil (6.49% oil, 9.14% CP, and 90% DM) and normal dent Pegaso (3.71% oil, 9.61% CP, and 88% DM)corn hybrids was tested during a 42 day production trial. Three starter and three finisher experimental diets were fed from 5-21 days and from 22-42 days, respectively. Weight gain and feed conversion at three weeks of age were significantly better with the normal corn supplemented with corn oil (NC+O) than the control (NC) or high oil corn (HOC) diets. At six weeks of age, only the feed conversion was significantly better with the NC+O than the NC treatment. At fortytwo days, the birds were sacrificed and ready-to-cook (RTC) carcass, abdominal fat pad, pactoralis major, thigh, and drumstick weights were recorded. Carcasses were also analyzed for protein, fat, and moisture content. Carcass fat and abdominal fat pad (% RTC) in birds receiving the NC+O were significantly higher than those of the control, but not different from those of the HOC treatment. There were no significant differences among the treatments for the other criteria measured. The improved feed conversion of birds on NC+O could be attributed to a better availability and utilization of the supplemental oil in comparison with the endogenous oil of the HOC.


This qualitative study is concerned with exploring the transcultural experiences of ESOL students and connecting their lived experiences to literature in the classroom. The purpose of the study was to describe and explain the transcultural perspectives of six high school and community college students-four Cuban-born and two American-born but raised in the Cuban-American culture. It investigates their lived transcultural experiences. The data was collected in the form of student interviews, a researcher's journal, and document reviews. The following exploratory questions guided this study: (1) From the perspective of four Cuban-born non-native English-speaking students (NNS), what are the essential structures of their transcultural identities? (2) What are the underlying themes that account for the Cuban NNS students' transcultural experiences? (3) What are the universal structures found among Cuban NNS students' transcultural experiences and the Cuban-American, native English/Spanish speaking (NESS) students' experiences? (4) What are the possible structural meanings of the Cuban NNS students' interests in relation to their transcultural experiences? (5) What are some of the connections between the structural themes inherent in the Cuban NNS students' transcultural experiences and their teaching literature in English as a second or other language (ESOL)? Results of the survey provide a better understanding of these students' transcultural experiences and show the potential of connecting their perspectives to literature in the classroom. (Author/KFT) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY Miami, Florida TRANSCULTURAL EXPERIENCES: A LITERATURE BRIDGE TO ENGLISH FOR ESOL STUDENTS FROM CUBA A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIALHAS BEEN GRANTED BY _ .eVCEC4A11164 DOCTOR OF EDUCATION in HIGHER EDUCATION by Jose J. Macia 1999 TO THE EDUCATIONAL INFORMATION RESOURCES FORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 0 1 BEST COPY AVAILABLE 2 U.S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as eceived from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. To: Dean Linda Blanton College of Education This dissertation, written by Jose Juan Macia, and entitled TRANSCULTURAL EXPERIENCES: A LITERATURE BRIDGE TO ENGLISH FOR ESOL STUDENTS FROM CUBA, having been approved in respect to style and intellectual content, is referred to you for judgment. We have read this dissertation and recommend that it be approved.


Since ancient times, essential oils have been used in cosmetics, perfumes, and medications. The current research examinesthe chances for rural communities' survival and livelihoods via the use of essential oil extraction operations. According to thereport, demand for essential oils is quickly increasing, as many companies generate large amounts of herbal and cosmeticgoods using essential oils. As a result, the potential for establishing rural firms in the essential oil industry is enormous.According to the literature, essential oil extraction may be accomplished at any scale required. Economic research showsthat the extraction of essential oils benefits rural income production. Nonetheless, a shortage of small-scale technologyfor the rural population and a lack of information about essential oil companies' social and economic advantages are likelyto be critical issues impeding the establishment of the essential oil extraction sector in rural areas.


The invention relates to a worm gear which is arranged directly on the head of an on-load tap changer and has a housing, a worm, and a worm wheel, wherein means for torque detection comprising at least one radio-scannable surface wave sensor, a rotor antenna and a stator antenna are provided in the interior of the worm gear.


This study theoretically argues and empirically evaluates how a firm's five governance domains impact the level of IT governance maturity and how a firm's five proposed governance mechanisms impact the overall effectiveness of IT governance. Using data from 20 Emirati organizations within financial services, telecommunications, manufacturing, and public service, this study found robust empirical evidence that the maturity of the firm's five suggested governance domains greatly enhances the level of IT Governance Maturity. Moreover, this study found robust empirical evidence that the existence of the firm's five proposed governance mechanisms greatly enhances the overall effectiveness of IT governance.


Simple Summary Reptiles are commonly housed in wildlife parks and zoos, and are increasingly being kept as pets. Husbandry of reptiles is complex; signs of pain or disease can be challenging to recognize, and behavior is not always well understood. Therefore, assessment of reptile welfare may be difficult. In comparison to mammals, methods of welfare assessment in reptiles are under-investigated. In this paper we review the literature on welfare assessment techniques in reptiles. We determine that indicators of negative affective state are better characterized in reptiles, and are likely easier to apply in a welfare assessment tool. Indicators of positive affective state such as play behavior, and judgment bias experimental techniques, should be investigated further in reptiles. We also explore the application of the Welfare Quality® Protocol to the pygmy blue-tongue skink, an endangered species. This application presents examples of predominantly animal-based indicators that may be further investigated for use in a tool in this, and other reptile species. Abstract Reptiles are held at wildlife parks and zoos for display and conservation breeding programs and are increasingly being kept as pets. Reliable indicators of welfare for reptiles need to be identified. Current guidelines for the captive management of reptiles utilize resource-based, rather than animal-based indicators; the latter being a more direct reflection of affective state. In this paper we review the literature on welfare assessment methods in reptiles with a focus on animal-based measures. We conclude that, whilst a number of physiological and behavioral indicators of welfare have been applied in reptiles, there is need for further validation of these methods across the diversity of species within the Class. Methods of positive welfare state assessment are comparatively understudied and need elucidation. Finally, we examine some widely-used welfare assessment tools in mammals and explore the application of the Welfare Quality® Protocol to the endangered pygmy blue-tongue skink, Tiliqua adelaidensis. We propose that this framework can form the basis for the development of taxon-specific tools with consideration of species-specific biology.


Aiming at the existing problems of LED driving power whose power factor is not high and its efficiency is low,we design the flyback LED driving power with high power factor and high efficiency.This paper expounds the basic principles of single-stage PFC and presents the optimized design methods of PFC.We analyze the overall efficiency of the power supply and the source of electromagnetic interference.We also propose the methods to improve the efficiency and to restrain the electromagnetic interference.The results we obtained show that the driving power supply has the characteristics of high power factor and high efficiency and complies with EMC standards.


Objective To investigate the effects of the donor age on isolation and culture of human bone marrow mesenchmal stem cells(MSCs).Methods MSCs were isolated from human bone marrow from 183 donors that were either young (18 ~ 30 years),median aged (30 ~ 50 years) or old ( 50 years).The cell numbers were determined at the end of every passage,and the capability of proliferation was calculated in relation to the cell numbers at the first passage.Morphology and other different measures were carried out to observe the MSCs obtained from different ages.Results There were no differences in immunophenotype and differentiation potential of the MSCs from all different ages,but we could harvest more MSCs from younger dornors.The MSCs derived from younger donors showed a stronger capability of proliferation compared with that from older donors (P 0.01).Conclusion The number of MSCs obtained from bone marrow and the proliferation capability of MSCs are decreased with aging.The results suggest that bone marrow derived MSCs from older patients may be poor candidates for therapeutic use.


Halophytes r esiding i n co astal areas of the semi- arid regions are often subject ed to intense and varying environmental stresses. In order to adapt with non-permissive conditions, they developed growth, physiological and biochemical changes for s urvival that allow t hem to grow in s aline hab itats. Five succulent ha lophytic species w ere selected during summer from the coastal zo ne along each of A l-Qatif on the Arabian Gulf in Saudi Arabia (Site I) and south of Safaga on the Red Sea in Egypt (Site II). These included: Halocnemum strobilaceum, Arthrocnemum macrostachyum, Halopeplis perfoliata, Suaeda vermiculata and Seidlitzia rosmarinus. T heir re sponse to salinity was stu died in both site s in respect t o habitat conditions. The i nvolvement of photosynthetic p igments, ions, free am ino acid, soluble p rotein, soluble sugar and proline,, as well as activities of certain antioxidant enzymes activation in salt tolerance of these h alophytes were i nvestigated. Plants obtained from Site I I were c haracterized by higher values of TWC and RWC concomitantly with hi gh co ntents of photosynthetic p igment fractions (chl.a, chl.b and carotenoids). Results p ointed to a p rominent f eature in the mechanism of the protective adaptive response mechanisms o f ha lophytes. It was o bserved that ha lophytes o f S ite I t ended to retain h igher so luble protein, soluble sugar , proline and total organic o smolytes as well as higher activity levels o f CA T and GR enzymes, w hile the halophytic species o f S ite II tended to accumulate high contents of p hotosynthetic pigments, free amino acids and higher levels of POD activity. It is o f interest to observe t hat the accumulation of total organic osmolytes of most studied halophytes were associated with the increase of succulence ratio attained concurrently with higher values of Cl-, Na+ and SO4œ² determined in each of soil and plants either collected from Site I or s ite II .


Utilizing new survey results and qualitative sociological findings the below paper analyzes the working and living experiences of migrant workers in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The paper demonstrates that while Pakistani workers' working and living conditions are much worse than those of Emiratis or white expats, most of them have better earnings than in Pakistan. The research shows that return migrants in Pakistan are upwardly mobile in the social hierarchy of Pakistan. The paper faces two analytical puzzles. The first puzzle is that while direct incomes, job opportunities are better in the UAE than in Pakistan, nevertheless return migrants express dissatisfaction at varying but substantial degrees with their living conditions in the UAE due to hidden, not planned financial, social and emotional costs occurring during their stay. The second puzzle is that, though return migrants usually complain – often bitterly – about their UAE experience, nevertheless many return migrants hope to return to UAE if a new job opportunity is offered to them. Thus the paper using focus groups, individual interviews, quantitative analysis of survey answers and regression models what individual and/or household level mechanisms and factors play a crucial role in this mass return migration and its perception among migrants themselves? Copy editor: Ildiko Kaposi


Abstract Extensive experiments were carried out in shallow plastic boxes placed directly on the ground in the field to study the effects of seedbed properties on the emergence of various crops in a cool temperate climate. In a group of experiments with barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), we studied the effects on crop emergence of firming (slight compaction) of the seedbed, simulating the recompacting effects of rolling after sowing or press wheels on the seed coulters. Most of the experiments were carried out without irrigation after sowing. The firming usually had a slightly positive effect on emergence when the water content in the surface layer at sowing was below the wilting point. When the water content in the surface layer was higher, firming often reduced emergence drastically, particularly with deep sowing and in coarse-textured soils. The main reason for negative effects was harmful hardening of the surface layer when the more firm seedbed gradually dried out. When irrigation kept the seedbed continuously moist, the negative effect of firming was almost eliminated. Very high initial water content in the basal layer tended to delay surface layer drying and hardening, and to reduce the negative effect of firming. Firming only slightly influenced the evaporative water losses from the soil. In contrast to the results presented here, previous field trials with cereals have usually resulted in more positive effects of rolling after sowing. This indicates that other effects than firming, such as modification of sowing depth and reshaping of the soil surface, are other important effects of rolling.


This chapter is partially based on an unpublished Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) background report, titled 'OECD Research Project on Diversity in the Workplace: Country Report Germany', which was written by the authors of this chapter. While the OECD country report illustrates how diversity policies and related diversity instruments targeting various diversity dimensions have developed in Germany over recent decades, this chapter focuses solely on the management of ethnic diversity and its related policies. Diversity policies are broadly understood as any policy that seeks to increase the representation of disadvantaged social groups such as migrants and ethnic minorities, women, disabled persons, older workers and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender/transsexual, intersex and queer/questioning (LGBTIQ) in the workplace, both in the public and in the private sector. The central idea of this chapter is to provide an overview of which policies and instruments have been implemented for migrants and ethnic minorities at the workplace and to evaluate their success or failure where possible. In doing so, this chapter also discusses obstacles, success factors and challenges for policy implementation for the past and for the future.


A method to improve the forming characteristics of sheet metals by using the incremental forming technology and cross segmentation was introduced,which could avoid cracking during forming process and realize fast and precise roll-plastic mold production.Using the simplified structure,the complex roll-plastic die structure was decomposed into some simple geometry,which was convenient for sheet incremental forming and solved the disadvantages of handmade roll-plastic mold.It was proved that using sheet metal incremental forming to manufacture the roll plastic mould of the water supply and drainage pipeline is effective with low manufacturing costs,short cycle and high precision,which has a certain applicable value in the application of sheet metal incremental forming when developing the rotational mould.


It is grounded an expediency of systematic approach to solution the problem of product reliability with implementation of comprehensive system of product (machine) lifecycle management (Product Lifecycle Management – PLM), designing the functionally-oriented technologies of engineering production by parallel engineering means – CAPE (Concurrent Art-to-Product Environment). The role of technological inheritance in the technological chain of manufacturing products is determined. It is shown the importance of blanking operations in study of impact of technological inheritance on quality parameters of the final product due to the close relationship of structural and technological inheritance. It is developed the mathematical relationship, which determines the reliability of technological process P(t) implementation given the current state of science and technology. It is shown the priority of finishing and strengthening operations based on surface plastic deformation over the finish machining operations to ensure the desired performance and reliability. In particular, treatment by vibration-centered strengthening of drilling pump cylinder sleeves helped reduce the high-level and step parameters of the surface layer (R a , R z , R p , R max ) in 1,5-5,8 times and increase the mean time between failures to 1,79 times compared with the original polished and treated bushings. The ways for further research towards optimizing the structure of processes are marked taking into account technological inheritance; practical recommendations on the use of energy-saving technologies, including the use of vibration to improve the performance of machine parts.


An evaluation of zircaloy oxidation and hydrogen generation data is presented for the first two Severe Fuel Damage (SFG) tests, conducted in the Power Burst Facility at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory. This work is in support of an internationally sponsored severe accident research program, initiated by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission to advance the understanding and methodology for predicting light water reactor core degradation, hydrogen generation, and fission product behavior during severe accidents. The principal objective of this report is an assessment of in-vessel hydrogen generation issues using data provided by the SFD Scoping Test (SFD-ST) and SFD 1-1 test. The principal issues in question are the influence of zircaloy melting on oxidation behavior and fuel bundle reconfiguration effects which may alter steam flow and hydrogen generation characteristics. 41 refs., 42 figs., 11 tabs.


Ring-opening of the cyclopropylmethyl lithium compound 7 to give the α-duryl thio-substituted alkyllithium compound 8 proceeds in a stereochemically defined manner at the lithium-bearing stereocentre.


In several studies on the estimation of temporal intervals investigators have used either white light or white noise to mark the stimulus times. The purpose of the present study was to probe into the effect of colored light, white light, and sound in the estimation of short intervals. The hypothesis was that preference of an individual for a color affects his estimation of time considerably. Method.-There were 20 Ss in the age range 19 to 24 who came from the senior postgraduate class in psychology at the Calcutta University. Half were men and half women. First, Ss' color preferences were determined by the paired-comparison method. Ten Ss were used in two conditions, 5 each in visual and auditory presentations. Intervals, 0.2,0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 sec., were bound by light (2.5-w bulb) and sound (an ordinary calling bell with a masking arrangement to avoid aftersensation). Red, green, yellow, blue, and white lights were used in the visual presentation. Ss responded by tapping twice on a finger key, and their estimation of the indifference interval fell between 0.4 and 0.6. The colored light intervals were presented by a Leipzig model of the Time Sense Apparatus (Chatterjea, 1956, 1958). Each stimulus time was presented 20 times to each S. Several sittings were required to record the estimations. Reszdts.-Arithmetic means and constant errors were calculated. The relation between stimulus time and estimation was linear and was in conformity with data reported earlier. The group means at the different intervals in the visual presentation were 0.27, 0.41, 0.55, 0.67, and 0.82 sec., indicating the location of the indifference interval fell between 0.4 and 0.6. Colored light, however, did not have appreciable effect on individual estimation. The sound data followed the same trend, although the indifference interval was between 0.6 and


[Objective] To study the relationship between instability carotid arteriosclerosis and brain atrophy in patients with ischemia cerebrovascular disease. [Methods] Prospective cohort study was used in this study. 68 patients with CT-proved brain atrophy and ischemia cerebrovascular disease were used cases, and 60 health people were served as control group. Color ultrasonic Doppler examinations were performed in the segment out side skull of the carotid. Stability plaque and instability plaque number were observed and compared with those in two groups. [Results] No difference was found between the stable plaque number of the two groups (0.00 (0.00-1.00) vs0.00 (0.00-1.00), P﹥0.05). Instability plaque number (The median of M (25-75 percentile)) in patients with brain atrophy and ischemia cerebrovascular disease was significantly higher than that in control group (3.00 (2.00-3.00) vs 0.00 (0.00-1.00), P﹤0.01). [Conclusion] Instability carotid arteriosclerosis is an important risk factor for brain atrophy in patients with ischemia cerebrovascular disease. Prevention of instability carotid arteriosclerosis formation has important significance to avoid brain atrophy.


Protein kinase C beta II (PKCβII) activates polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) superoxide (SO) production via NADPH oxidase (NOX-2) phosphorylation to exacerbate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. In prior studies, myristoylation (myr) of PKCβII peptide inhibitor (N-myr-SLNPEWNET; myr-PKCβII-), which disrupts PKCβII translocation/phosphorylation of NOX-2, was shown to dose-dependently attenuate PMN SO release induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a broad-spectrum PKC agonist. However, the role of myr on the inhibitory effects of myr-PKCβII- has yet to be elucidated. We hypothesized that myr-PKCβII peptide activator (N-myr-SVEIWD; myr-PKCβII+) would augment, myr-PKCβII- would attenuate, and scrambled myr-PKCβII- (N-myr-WNPESLNTE; myr-PKCβII-scram), a control for myr, would not affect PMA-induced PMN SO release compared to unconjugated peptides and nontreated controls. Rat PMNs (5х10
 6
 ) were incubated for 15 min at 37
 o
 C in the presence/absence of SO dismutase (SOD; 10 μg/mL), unconjugated PKCβII+/-, myr-PKCβII+/-, or myr-PKCβII-scram (all 20 μM). SO release was measured by the change in absorbance at 550 nm via ferricytochrome
 c
 reduction after PMA (100 nM) stimulation for 390 sec. Data were analyzed by ANOVA using Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc analysis. Myr-PKCβII- significantly attenuated SO release (0.30±0.02; n=27; p<0.05) compared to nontreated controls (0.46±0.01; n=73), myr-PKCβII+ (0.46±0.03; n=25), unconjugated PKCβII+ (0.43±0.04; n=15), PKCβII- (0.43±0.02; n=22) and myr-PKCβII-scram (0.65±0.04; n=22). SOD (n=8), which rapidly converts SO to H
 2
 O
 2
 , significantly reduced absorbance by 94±7%, indicating that absorbance increased mainly due to PMA stimulation. Cell viability (trypan blue exclusion) was similar in all groups (94±2%). Unexpectedly, myr-PKCβII-scram significantly stimulated the highest increase in absorbance compared to all groups (p<0.01). Future studies will determine whether myr-PKCβII-scram augments absorbance by a different mechanism. Results suggest that myr improves myr-PKCβII- delivery compared to unconjugated PKCβII- but does not affect inhibition of PMA-induced PMN SO release. Myr-PKCβII- may thus effectively limit inflammation-induced I/R injury.


An efficient nitrogen fertilizer recommendation for plant production depends on the amount of N supplied by the soils. A study to investigate the characteristics of net N mineralization in typical paddy soils in an important rice production area of China was conducted on aerobic soils for 147 d of incubation at 25°C. Results showed that the organic nitrogen mineralized ranged from 40 to 360 mg N kg-1 or from 2.92 to 14.17% of total N. In a partial correlation analysis, the N mineralized was only correlated with total N and alkaline hydrolyzable N. Principal component analysis indicated two types of soil physical and chemical properties, each with different influence on N mineralization. Four models: (1) an effective cumulated temperature model (Temperature model), (2) a one-component, first-order exponential model (One-pool model), (3) a two-component, first-order exponential model (Two-pool model), and (4) a two-component, mixed first- and zero-order exponential model (Special model) were fitted to the m...


Lately, there has been growing interest in theories about teaching philosophy and teacher training in Germany. Following this trend the recent book by Professor Runtenberg aims for a brief overview of academic reasoning in didactics of philosophy considering the last decades in German speaking academia; the book is meant to be an introduction into theories and practical methods of teaching philosophy, mainly focusing on the works of the editors, editorial board and debates in Zeitschrift für Didaktik der Philosophie und Ethik (= ZDPE). Overall, the intention of the book is to offer lots of material and different perspectives to develop one's own concept of teaching philosophy in class (p. 9 and 11-12). Students in bachelor programs aiming to qualify themselves as philosophy teachers might find the book helpful, especially for its big variety of proposals for different activities and tasks to practice at school. Runtenberg starts by presenting some classical positions on teaching and practicing philosophy (e.g. Socrates, Kant). In Chapter II she recaps positions (Martens, Rohbeck, Steenblock) and issues from the discussion in German Fachdidaktik der Philosophie (= didactics of philosophy). The following chapter highlights some marginalized approaches of teaching philosophy, for example philosophizing by using images, by playing theatre or by using so called production oriented methods (engaging students in creative tasks like writing or drawing etc.). Chapter IV provides an overview of recently discussed issues in German speaking didactics of philosophy, which according to Runtenberg could be seen as items that necessitate a rethinking of philosophical education (empirical approaches; political claims and new laws). Chapter V offers information and advice concerning methods in creative reading of different types of texts to provoke philosophical thoughts in class (besides philosophical texts, there is a focus on literary genres like fairytales and aphorisms). The author moves on to describe practical methods of creative writing in Chapter VI (e.g. essays, letters, and autobiographical texts) and also methods of philosophizing by musical inspiration. Chapter VII reconsiders pictorial approaches in teaching philosophy by pointing out ways of how to make use of photographs, comic books, movies, games and video games in teaching philosophy. After reading about this interesting variety of practical activities, chapter VIII is somehow disappointing, since it re-narrates some general concepts of organizing, planning and evaluating philosophy lessons, praising only their achievements but not focusing on open questions or any problems. Overall the book by Christa Runtenberg is to be seen as a collection of information about selected theoretical approaches in didactics and lots of practical ideas of teaching philosophy.


Correct clinical evaluation and diagnosis are crucial for effective treatment of cancer to develop and evolve cancer theranostics for personalized cancer therapy. Owing to the rapid advancement and development in the field of nanotechnology, various kinds of nanoparticles are explored for cancer therapy. Organic-inorganic hybrid nanoparticles have attracted vast interest due to their promising physicochemical properties, which make them suitable for biomedical applications. In this work, hybrid nanoparticles are prepared through different kinds of supramolecular interactions using self-assembly of small molecules or polymers with inorganic nanoparticles or salts. By combining both organic and inorganic components, we envisaged that we could circumvent the typical limitations of organic molecules such as low resistance to photobleaching and poor degradability of the inorganic nanoparticles. Utilizing the organic component scaffolds as the carrier or direct therapeutic agent and inorganic nanoparticles as the imaging agents or the direct therapeutic agents, we could attain hybrid nanostructures that are biocompatible, stable, and highly efficient. We employed strategies such as surface functionalization, one-pot synthesis, and wrapping techniques to bring all the components together. BINDRA ANIVIND KAUR


The present invention exhibits good pigment dispersibility, also excellent dispersion characteristics as an index dispersion particle size and dispersion time, yet ensuring good storage stability especially turned into high pigment content (high PWC), coating film performance such as appearance provides a pigment dispersion resin composition can be improved. The present invention relates to a pigment dispersion resin composition containing a pigment and a dispersing resin, the dispersing resin is an essential a polymer having a hydrophilic chain, the number average molecular weight per one said hydrophilic chain 1000 or more , and the above-mentioned pigment dispersion resin composition further a pigment dispersion resin composition is intended to include a surfactant.


Dilution-PCR and PCR-DGGE were used to evaluate effect of four pre-treatment methods such as freeze-thaw,ultrasonification,shake and homogenization on extraction of bacterial DNA from chilled pork in this study.After 4 days of storage at 4 ℃,chilled pork was subjected to pre-treatment by the above methods for bacterial DNA extraction followed by dilution-PCR and PCR-DGGE analyses.Results showed that four pretreatment methods results in a slight difference in bacterial DAN yield but had no notable effect on PCR-DGGE analysis.Therefore,these pretreatment methods could be chosen according to actual requirement.Sequence analysis of DGGE bands of 16S rRNA gene V3 region showed that the predominant spoilage bacterium in chilled pork was Pseudomonas and others including Acinetobacter,Brochothrix,and Serratia were also detected.


This paper presents a new approach for predicting the punching shear strength of concentrically loaded interior slab-column connections using fuzzy learning. A total of 178 experimental datasets obtained from concentric punching shear tests of reinforced concrete slab-column connections from the literature are used in training and testing of the fuzzy system. The fuzzy-based model is developed to address the interaction between various punching shear modeling parameters and the uncertainties between them, which might not be properly captured in classical modeling approaches. The model is trained using 82 datasets and verified using 96 datasets that are not used in the training process. The punching shear strength predicted by the fuzzy-based model is compared with those predicted by current punching shear strength models widely used in the design practice. The fuzzy-based model demonstrates a higher prediction of the punching shear strength of concentrically loaded interior slab-column connections than all current design codes. It also respects the fundamental failure mechanics of punching shear that have been observed by previous researchers. The authors also propose a simplified design model based on a set of design charts that were developed from the fuzzy-based model.


Flash photolysis studies of N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (TMPD) were made in various solvents at room temperature. The transient absorption spectrum of the cation, TMPD+ , was observed in polar solvents. The transient was also observed in a viscous, non-polar solvent. It has a spectrum different from that of TMPD+ . Its absorbance is proportional to the flash-light intensity, and it decays exponentially, with τe=82 μ sec. This absorption is attributed to the triplet-triplet transition of TMPD. With aerated solutions, no transient spectrum was observed. The fluorescence and the phosphorescence of TMPD caused by direct excitation were investigated, together with those induced by the recombination of electrons and TMPD+ in non-polar matrices stimulated either thermally or by infrared light. The absorption spectra of TMPD in a non-polar matrix at a low temperature were investigated by means of the cross-illumination method, and the time dependence of the absorption was followed. The ionization and...


that the theory of rhetorical collection and division, by itself, is not the means of attaining that truth which alone will provide us self-knowledge. In fact nothing will provide us with complete and perfect self-knowledge. This is reserved for the gods alone. The Phaedrus is a whole of which myth and techne are parts. The advance of self-knowledge requires both. Both will remind us that we are ignorant of ourselves and that this is the beginning of true self-knowledge. Dialectic is important because conversation with others is one of the primary routes to selfknowledge that we possess. To understand ourselves properly we must see ourselves as part of a wider whole which includes both a nonpolitical relation to the Forms and a political relation to other human beings. The emphasis on discursive rhetoric places us in the realm of the political after die mythical portion of the text. Aware of our ignorance of ourselves, we can begin the painful ascent to knowledge using all the resources at our disposal, the most important of which is the dialectical self-movement of thought. Griswold provides a detailed and articulate statement of the problems facing us and the means for their partial solution. I highly recommend his book for those concerned with the question of how best to live a human life and Plato's method of dealing with it in the Phaedrus.


This study illustrates an integrative psychometric framework to investigate two sources of construct-relevant multidimensionality in answers to the Self-Perception Profile for Children (SPPC). Using a sample of 2,353 German students attending Grades 3 to 6, we contrasted: (a) first-order versus hierarchical and bifactor models to investigate construct-relevant multidimensionality related to the hierarchical nature of multidimensional self-conceptions and (b) confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) and exploratory structural equation models (ESEM) to investigate construct-relevant multidimensionality related to the assessment of conceptually related constructs. The bifactor-ESEM solution provided the best fit, suggesting the presence of both sources of construct-relevant psychometric multidimensionality. The results supported measurement invariance of the SPPC across gender and grade level and showed latent mean differences mostly supporting results from previous research.


Objective Study on the diagnostic value of anti mitochondrial antibody type 2(M 2 antibodies) in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). Methods ELISA method was used for the detection of M 2 antibodies. 20 healthy volunteers, 37 PBC patients and another 50 patients with other hepato biliary diseases were investigated.Results The positive rates of M 2 antibodies were 97.3% in PBC patients with high titers (73.66±55.93U/ml),6.0% in other hepato biliary disease patients with low titer (2.90±3.16U/ml), and all negative in normal controls (1.60±1.13U/ml).Conclusion M 2 antibody detection is an important sero immunological marker for the diagnosis of PBC.


This extensive volume is exemplary in terms of its structure, content, and editorial adequacy. It takes a sound academic approach to the history of one of the most important cities of the eastern Mediterranean, one that played a special role in the development of the region during the Middle Ages. Six scholars describe Limassol's history from prehistoric times to the conquest of Cyprus by the Ottomans, presenting much hitherto unknown information. Antoine Hermary, emeritus professor of the University of AixenProvence, who was for many years the head of the excavations of the French archaeological mission at Amathus, Cyprus, makes a comprehensive analysis of the history of that city from the eleventh century BC to the seventh century AD, when the city was abandoned because of Arab raids. He presents Amathus as the predecessor city of Limassol — the latter evolved into a major city only after the decline and the abandonment of Amathus, as was the case with Palepaphos and Paphos, Engomi and Salamis, as well as other cities of Cyprus that succeeded more ancient predecessors. To begin, Hermary surveys the topography of the ancient city and makes a short presentation of the history of the successive excavations of the French mission under Melchior Vogue in 1862, the excavations of Luigi Palma di Cesnola around 1875, the excavation in the necropolis by a mission of the British Museum in 1893 – 94, and finally the excavation of the Swedish archaeological mission under Einar Gjerstad in 1930. Hermary then focuses on the excavation of the acropolis by the archaeological mission of the French School of Athens under the supervision initially of Pierre Aupert and


Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) uses several molecules such as angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), cluster of differentiation 26 (CD26), Ezrin, and Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) for viral entry. In this review, the entire structural and genomic combination and the mechanism of virus entry, are discussed. This study might be useful for further drug design studies. SARS-CoV-2 neutralization allows the immune system to fight the virus before its entry. COVID-19 enters the host bloodstream by infecting endothelial cells via a cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147). SARS-CoV-2 not only uses ACE2 for its entry but also affects ACE-2 and its enzymatic activity on Ang II and bradykinin, it also imbalances the RAAS and bradykinin system and elevates the inflammation. High levels of bradykinin, cause nonproductive cough as the result of fluid extravasation and leukocyte recruitment to the lung. Accordingly, we suggest replicase transcriptase complex (RTC) and specific non-structural proteins (Nsps) such as Nsp7,8, Nsp10, Nsp12, and Nsp16 are perfect targets of study because RTC and Nsps are the golden elements in the maintenance of COVID-19 appearance and masking. Base on this evidence COVID-19 uses various receptors for its entry and it might block these receptors' activity to evade the immune system and spread to other cells.
*Corresponding Authors: Elham Rajaei, Email: email@example.com; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8231-0138
Please cite this article as: Torabizadeh M, Ghobadi Dana V, Aghapour SA, Zibara K, Deris Zayeri Z, Rajaei E. A Review of SARS-CoV-2 Genetic and Structure: Hot Cellular Targets for Virus Entry. Arch Med Lab Sci. 2021;7:1-9 (e15). https://doi.org/10.22037/amls.v7.34216


Sulfur dioxide was adsorbed near 120 K on Pd(100); decomposition occurred above 240 K to yield adsorbed SO which dissociated to form adsorbed sulfur and oxygen atoms at higher temperatures. For high SO/sub 2/ coverages on clean Pd(100) or for SO/sub 2/ adsorbed on the surface with a low oxygen precoverage, an eta/sup 2/-SO/sub 4/ species was formed above 300 K which decomposed at 450 K to yield SO/sub 2(g)/. In the presence of p(2x2)O islands (local theta/sub O/ = 0.25) SO/sub 2/ reacted to form eta/sup 3/-SO/sub 4/. The eta/sup 3/ species also decomposed to yield SO/sub 2(g)/; it was approximately 30 kJ mol/sup -1/ more stable than the eta/sup 2/ species. Several sparsely populated desorption states were also observed; they are attributed to destabilization of adsorbed SO/sub 4/ by atomic adsorbates and by SO/sub 4/-SO/sub 4/ lateral interactions.


Background The Phosphohistone H3 (PHH3) antibody is recognized as a biomarker of cell proliferation, specific for cells in mitosis, of prognostic value in different malignant neoplasms, however it has been poorly studied in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The main objective of this study was to evaluate the immunoexpression of the PHH3 in the OSCC, through the correlation with the immunoexpression of Ki-67, the mitotic activity index (MAI), histological grading, clinical-morphological parameters and the rate of survival. Material and Methods The study sample consisted of 62 cases of OSCC diagnosed in the Pathological Anatomy Laboratory of the Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Republic (Uruguay). In each of them, an immunohistochemical technique was performed for Ki-67 and PHH3 (serine 10) antibodies. Image J software was used for the MAI and biomarker quantification, defining the percentage of positivity and mitotic Figures per 1000 tumor cells. Results a significant association was obtained between the expression of PHH3 (p 0.016) and MAI (p 0.031) with survival time. However, no similar relationship was found with Ki-67 (p 0.295). Although it was confirmed a statistical association between histological grade and Ki-67 immunoexpression (p 0.004), PHH3 did not show a similar relationship (p 0.564). Conclusions It was confirmed the role of the PHH3 antibody as a biomarker of mitotic Figures in OSCC and as a potential marker of cell proliferation. It is noteworthy that this is one of the first works that evaluates a possible relationship between the expression of this antibody and survival in OSCC. Key words:Oral squamous cell carcinoma, phosphohistone H3, Ki-67, cell proliferation.


The spread-F phenomenon was analyzed covering the years 1944 through 1953. These ten years throughout one solar-activity cycle are peculiarly alike. More spread F occurs in winter than in summer, with the equinoxes falling between the respective solstices. Sampling studies were made of six other stations. Rather different results were secured.


We investigate the distribution of sizes and velocities of droplets detached from a single roll
wave propagating in a pipe. The wave is induced by a pulse in liquid flowrate in a stratified air-water flow. Due to the shear applied on the crest of the wave by the faster gas stream, droplets are formed and entrained by the gas. Detection and tracking of the droplets is performed by image processing. The distributions of sizes and velocities of the droplets are determined in the center of the pipe for various distances to the roll wave and compared to those measured for higher gas flowrate when droplets are produced from all the roll waves formed naturally at the gas-liquid interface without external forcing.


Cadmium, chromium, iron, zinc, and copper levels of flaked paints collected from fifty buildings of four major cities – Enugu, Onitsha, Aba, and Port Harcourt in Eastern Nigeria were studied. Fifty samples of the flaked paints were ground with laboratory pestle and mortar, 2 g of fine ground paints that could pass through a 0.5-mm sieve were digested with 15 ml concentrated nitric acid and perchloric acid at a ratio of 1:1 and analyzed for cadmium, chromium, iron, zinc and copper using atomic absorption spectrophotometer 500. Cadmium ranged from 9.032 ± 0.000 to 10.575± 0.000 and 6.845 ± 0.000 to 10.028 ± 0.002 mg/kg in Enugu and Onitsha, respectively. In Aba and Port Harcourt, the levels of cadmium ranged 7.464 ± 0.002–9.343 ± 0.002 and 7.293 ± 0.002–9.395 ± 0.000 mg/kg, respectively. Chromium levels were significantly lower in Enugu (range 0.940 ± 0.000–12.793 ± 0.002 mg/kg) when compared with the values from other cities namely Onitsha (range 1.613 ± 0.002–15.140 ± 0.000 mg/kg), Aba (range 15.206 ± 0.000–39.215 ± 0.000 mg/kg) and Port Harcourt (range 33.118 ± 0.002–55.418 ± 0.002 mg/kg). The highest levels (mg/kg) of iron (11 908.150 ± 0.000), zinc (31.508 ± 0.002) and copper (7.588 ± 0.002) were seen in buildings from Enugu aged 11 years and above. The iron level (mg/kg) ranged from 1391.750 ± 0.000 to 10 476.845 ± 0.000, 1450.176 ± 0.000 to 11 580.750 ± 0.000 and 3314.913 ± 0.002 to 8162.333 ± 0.002 in Onitsha, Aba, and Port Harcourt, respectively. Zinc levels were significantly lower in Onitsha than in Aba and Port Harcourt. Age of building did not seem to affect the levels of these metals namely iron, zinc and copper from these cities. This study shows that flaked paints increase the environmental heavy metal burden in Nigeria.


The purpose of this study is to examine the achievement of ROA, ROE and CSR on corporate value. The sample of this study is 4 data from state-owned BUMN construction companies go public in Indonesia, taken from the period of 2011 to 2018. Where the research data was taken from secondary data. the analysis shows that ROA as a financial increase supports in firm value.
 The results of the hypothesis in this study indicate that Return On Assets has a significant effect on firm value. This is indicated by the significance of the pprobability test of 0.0363 where the number is below the level of significance used, which is 5% (0.05). different case with Return On Equity and Corporate Social Responsibility shows not significant as indicated by the probability test of 0.5878 for Return On Assets and 0.4492 for Corporate Social Responsibility where the number is above the level of significance of 5% (0.05)


Abstract "Negotiating the Interfaith Marriage Bed: Religious Difference and Sexual Intimacies" explores depictions of sex lives of interfaith marriage in television, cinema, and advice manuals from the 1970s through the 1990s, as rates of Christian/Jewish marriage dramatically increased. It delineates the narratives that interfaith couples had to navigate in their sexual lives, contrasting the popular discourse that presented sex as the solution to the tensions of interfaith marriage with the challenges presented in advice manuals on interfaith marriage. In doing so, the article demonstrates the competing constructions of sexuality, as natural, religiously proscribed, and ethnically inflected, and articulates the ways in which those narratives locate conversations about heterosexual interfaith relationships and marital sexual practice firmly in the realm of the individual subject, even when accounting for more communally oriented understandings of sex.


Our country has practiced the untiring discussion and administration of justice of academia for many years. Though it has been developed to some degree in theoretical research and accumulated certain experience in practice, the present spiritual damages compensation system is still not perfect. There is a lot work to do. This paper manages to explore how to perfect the system from the determination and China's current situation.


The present invention provides a multi-carrier peak clipping processing method and apparatus, wherein the multicarrier clipping processing method comprising: the signal bandwidth occupied bandwidth and the number of multiple carriers and each carrier is arranged to obtain the corresponding a plurality of carriers of total bandwidth and total signal bandwidth; and the total bandwidth of the total signal bandwidth of the plurality of carriers, the digital filter generates the set number of the order, to obtain a filter coefficient of the digital filter; the said clipping filter coefficient as a coefficient, using the peak-clipping coefficient signals of the plurality of carrier peak clipping process is performed. By the present invention, it simplifies the complexity of the generated coefficient clipping, reduce the degree of degradation of EVM, but also reduce the degree of signal distortion.


The determination of mass-transfer parameters for sorption processes involving microporous solids such as activated carbon, ion-exchange resins, and soil particles and aggregates is an important element in the modeling and design of separation and purification processes and in the description of sorption phenomena in natural and environmental systems. Such determinations are typically carried out by fitting appropriate mathematical models to sets of rate data obtained in laboratory or field-scale experiments. An aspect of such determinations that has been largely neglected is the evaluation of statistical confidence. Determination of confidence for sorption parameters is made difficult by the use of nonlinear mathematical models and the existence of multiple, jointly determined parameters. This paper presents a method for determining preliminary estimates of confidence intervals for two jointly determined mass-transfer parameters describing sorption by microporous solids in fixed-bed reactors. An application of the method to examine the statistical significance of dissolved background organic substances on rates of adsorption of a specifically targeted compound, p-dichlorobenzene, from different complex aqueous solutions is presented.


Tiliacora Colebr. has hitherto comprised 19 species in Tropical Africa and two in SE Asia; the latter were treated in my revision in Kew Bull. 30: 89-94 (1975). The present species is the first to be recorded from Australia and it considerably extends the range of the genus, the nearest species being T. triandra (Colebr.) Diels in Malay, Indo-China, Thailand and Burma. The genus is not known from the intervening Malesian archipelago. This Australian species was first collected over a century ago by William Hann who led a party sent out by the Queensland Government to explore part of Cape York Peninsula. The plants collected on the expedition were sent to Bentham for identification in December, 1873 by Richard Daintree, Agent General in London for the Queensland Government : the expedition probably took place earlier that year. Hann 165 was annotated by Bentham as 'Menispermacea' and has remained at the end of the family amongst the indeterminatae ever since. Like most of Hann's specimens, no. 165 is poor, consisting of a small leafy twig and two loose fruits, one of which is now broken into many fragments. I had long suspected that this was a Tiliacora, although the genus was unknown from Australia. In January 1973, a century after Hann's collection, Mr N. Byrnes, who was then at the Darwin Herbarium, sent me a specimen with female flowers collected by Mr J. McKean at Nourlangie Rock, Northern Territory. Although apparently belonging to Menispermaceae, the plant was unlike any members of that family known at Darwin, but I recognized that it was the same plant as Hann 165. In 1980, in response to my request to Darwin for additional material, Mr C. R. Dunlop collected further female flowering material, including flowers in spirit. By a fortunate coincidence, in the same year Mr B. P. M. Hyland of the Atherton Herbarium collected material with male flowers from Pascoe River, Cape York Peninsula, Queensland and included it amongst a loan of Menispermaceae sent for my attention. In 1981, Mr Hyland collected further male material from nearby at Chili Creek, Weymouth Parish. This Australian Tiliacora is therefore now known from almost complete material; only the infructescences with details of the presumably branched carpophores are unknown. Further fruits would be desirable since only one complete fruit is known.


The study of retrogress grassland species structure and diversity under the wasteland and Caragana forest with different density recover measures in Mu Us sandy land showed that the planting Caragana forest played a positive role in vegetation restoration.Along with the span of Caragana rows increasing,community structure tended to be more stable.Community structure succeeded from the instable annual of species of C.tylocarpum and Salsola collina in the wasteland to stable perennial species dominated by Pennisetum centrasiaticum,Leymus secalinus and Astragalus melilttoides .Vegetation coverage was in order of 10 m7 m 4 m in terms of span width,while that of the community diversity was 10 m4 m 7 m.There was positive correlation between the community evenness index and diversity index,while negative correlation between the dominate index and diversity index.


Neisseria meningitidis is a pervasive bacterial coloniser of the human nasopharynx with up to 40% carriage in the population. Paradoxically, invasive disease occurs in only ~1 in 100,000 individuals. Sophisticated immune evasion mechanisms allow the bacterium to persist in the host, yet these adaptations may also enable its transition from a harmless commensal to an invasive pathogen. Dendritic cells (DC) are principal controllers of mucosal immunity, and bacteria can exploit their maturation process to evade the immune system. In this study, it is reported for the first time that live serogroup B meningococcus (NmB) impedes DC maturation by disrupting STAT1 through dephosphorylation of tyrosine 701 (Y701). DC were therefore refractory to interferon stimulation—which is essential for DC function—and had low levels of maturation markers and other STAT1 dependent genes. Interestingly, infected DC retained the activity of other major signalling pathways, including the MAP kinases, which induced PD L1hi DC that were CD4+ T-cell suppressive. Disruption of STAT1 also had the major effect of dampening SOCS1 and CISH expression, which are critical for homeostatic control of DC inflammatory cytokine production, and correlated with enhanced inflammatory cytokine production. Restoration of STAT1-Y701 phosphorylation reprogrammed DC towards a typical CD86hi maturation state, normalised cytokine profiles and T-cell responses. These data establish an unconventional inflammatory pathway for the meningococcus, but also link immune evasion and pathogenesis via a shared mechanism. These findings elucidate how NmB may undermine immunity within the normal mucosa but also inflict damage in the context of septicaemia due to uncontrolled inflammation.


Sequestration of CO2 in coal seams with enhanced coalbed methane recovery (CO2-ECBM) can mitigate CO2 emissions. In this work, the effects of the supercritical CO2 fluid on the physicochemical property of coals were elucidated. The results show that CO2 interaction can mobilise the volatile hydrocarbons in the coal matrix and subsequently result in the decrease of volatile matter content. The volatile matter contents of coals decrease with temperature, pressure and injection rate of CO2 interaction. The extracted volatile matters are of biological toxicity, thus CO2-ECBM process should be operated at the optimum temperature, pressure and CO2 injection rate. The moisture contents of Zhangji coal and Liulin coal after CO2 interaction increase which implies that the pore morphology of the above two coals grows up. For low rank Bulianta coal and high rank Qinshui coal, the swelling effect induced by CO2 is dominant. Thus, the moisture content after CO2 interaction decreases in comparison with the raw state.


Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are an important health problem, both in terms of morbidity and economic impact.
 Emerging antibiotic resistance increases the need for alternative preventive approaches.
 Aim: To review the available evidence on the efficacy of cranberries in preventing recurrent uncomplicated UTIs in adult women.
 Sources: MEDLINE database and the following evidence based medical sites: UpToDate, Clinical Evidence, Bandolier, EBM Online,
 ACP Journal Club, TRIP, InfoPOEMs, The Cochrane Library, DARE, Guidelines Finder, National Guideline Clearinghouse, Canadian
 Medical Association Infobase, USPSTF, NIC and Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care.
 Methods: Search for systematic reviews, meta-analyses, clinical guidelines and randomized clinical trials published between January
 2000 and December 2010 in English, Portuguese and Spanish. We used the MeSH terms: Vaccinium macrocarpon and UTI
 and the word cranberry. The American Family Physician`s Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy was used to establish the
 quality of the studies and define the strength of the recommendation.
 Results: Of the 127 articles found, only nine fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were selected. These included one clinical decision
 support system, three systematic reviews, four clinical guidelines and one clinical trial. In its various forms, cranberries
 seem to effectively decrease the recurrence of UTIs in adult women without associated comorbidities
 Discussion: Available evidence shows that cranberries are beneficial in preventing recurrent urinary infections (Strength of Recommendation
 B). However, this recommendation is limited by the heterogeneity of studies and lack of agreement concerning
 dosage and presentation. Better studies are needed to establish safety and tolerability as well as the adequate dosage, presentation
 and duration of the treatment.


There are a number of algorithms which provide methods to encrypt parts of video frames to make them unrecognizable or degraded. The proposed scheme treats the video as a sequence of ordered frames and provides an algorithm to break this order of frames by first distributing frames into n frame-sequences and then by internally scrambling these frame-sequences using proper keys. Any of these frame sequences hold just a number of arbitrary frames out of the original video sequence and that too in incorrect order. These scrambled frame-sequences prevent important information like the order of events and can be routed through different network paths for secure video transmission over network. As the individual frames are still unencrypted the scheme is suggested to be applied only on videos requiring low security such as long duration entertainment videos. The scheme is extremely cost efficient as the contents of frames are not altered. The scheme is scalable in terms of the number of frame-sequences are formed. An optional extension of the scheme is also proposed for videos requiring hiding of the frame contents also, by scrambling the selective pixels of frames with any other frame from the same frame-sequence.


A third generation digital optical computer (DOC III) which is currently being developed by OptiComp Corp. is described. DOC III integrates GaAs technology with global optical interconnects and will achieve multipurpose functionality at speeds up to 10 exp 14 bit operations per second. The DOC III project based on a second-generation digital optical computer employs N4 global interconnect technology. Smart pixel technology which is further developed in DOC III within a GaAs smart pixel design makes it possible to reduce the power consumption and the package size, and to increase the throughput of the system. 6 refs.


Objective To explore the relationship between college students' requirement and self-consistency and congruence,and to provide reference for mental health education.Methods By using SCCS and UNI,362 medicos were tested.Results There were no significant differences in SCCS and UNI between genders,the only-child or not and different residence.Self-consistency and congruence correlated with the status of requirement.There were no significant difference in the status of requirement between higher score group and lower score group.Conclusion The status of requirement is an element to affect the self-consistency level of college students.


A mold, an imprint apparatus and a structure manufacturing method are provided to restrain the hardening of an optical-setting resin at an unwanted portion by using a light shielding member. A mold includes a processing surface, a rear surface, and a non-pattern portion. The processing surface(102) includes an imprint pattern. The rear surface is opposite to the processing surface. The non-pattern portion(105) is in a imprint pattern-free state. The mold further includes a light shielding member. The light shielding member(103) is arranged on the non-pattern portion. The light shielding member is used for reducing an amount of light irradiated onto an aiming work.


Norgestrel-contained microspheres based on leucine-benzyl glutamate copolymers were prepared by solvent-evaporation technology. In vitro biodegradation of copolymers as carrier of norgestrel was studied by enzymes including papain pronase trypsin and pacreatin. The biodegradability was varied with the molecular fractions of leucine and benzyl glutamate. In vitro norgestrel releasing behavior of the microspheres approximately was in accord with Higuchi equation that is the drug-release rates were inversely proportional to the square root of the releasing time. The cumulative drug-release amount and the drug-release rate depended on chemical structures of the carriers and averaging diameters of the microspheres. (excerpt)


Using waste beer yeast as a raw material,the technical parameters of nucleotide extraction were analyzed and simulated with BP neural network.The optimum conditions were obtained by genetic algorithm(GA) as follows: 3.0% NaCl was added in 20% yeast latex,the pH was 6.6,4.9% wheat root lixivium was added after the extraction was conducted at 59℃ for 12h,and then the extraction temperature was improved at 60℃ for 3h.Under above conditions,the nucleotide content in extract exceeded 0.34g/100ml.


This study investigated the somatic chromosome numbers and morphometric properties of 11 different taxa belonging to the genus Cuscuta L., which is one of the parasitic flowering plants and causes significant economic losses on agricultural products. For this purpose, the species were examined karyologically and compared statistically. Belonging to the genus Cuscuta, C. campestris Yunck., C. hyalina Roth, C. kotschyana Boiss., C. babylonica Aucher ex Choisy, C. europaea L., C. kurdica Engelm., C. brevistyla A.Braun ex A.Rich, C. planiflora Ten., C. approximata Bab., C. lupuliformis Krock. C. palaestina Boiss. the chromosome number and morphology of the species were investigated using karyological techniques. Chromosome numbers of the species; C. kotschyana, C. babylonica, C. europaea, C. kurdica, C.planiflora 2n=14; C. campestris, C. hyalina, C. approximata, C. lupuliformis, and C. palaestina 2n=28 and C. brevistyla 2n=42 is determined. Also, the species' chromosome number, total chromosome length, relative length, arm ratio, centromere index and centromere states, and karyotype asymmetry values were determined. Chromosome numbers of C. kotschyana and C. kurdica taxa were defined for the first time in this study. Thus, new data on the systematics of these species have been revealed.


Mixed reality (MR), which merges the real mid virtual worlds in real time, is a form of further extension of the conventional virtual reality (\R). There have been many studies in the field of MR, however, very few studies discuss interaction methods. In this study, we propose two novel methods for interaction with an MR space, RealSound Interaction and ToolDevice.